oa nds Engh TOE a GEN meoaaetease _ _ The APanchester auseum Owens College____ Geri ak MUSEUM HANDBOOKS. LOYALTY | ISLANDS GATALOGUE THE HADRIELD COLLECTION Of SHELLS FROM WHE LOYALTY ISLANDS. Price One Shilling. 2 \ Oink Loo. 46 1 GQ M52 [GS pt. | Mitek. MANCHESTER MUSEUM, Mo II OWENS COLLEGE MUSEUM HANDBOOKS CeO Gy Or a NHS HADFIELD /COLLECTION, SHELLS <<, FROM LIFU AND UVEA, LOYALTY ISLANDS, BY (Aves “COSMO: MELVILLE, MAR 1S), jd) AND ROBERT STANDEN. Fe MIiGTHSonn y SNES Opry, ae pe DEC 2 9 1997 Ci2P ARIES MANCHESTER: J. E. CORNISH. 1895. Pt ROmWuUC ELON. During the past few years large collections of the shells of Lifu and Uvea have been made by the Rev. James and Mrs. Hadfield, and have been consigned to several Manchester conchologists. By the kindness of Messrs. R. D. Darbishire, R. Cairns, and W. Moss, a very complete series of these shells has been presented to the Manchester Museum, which possesses in addition the types of the majority of the new species here described, though a few remain in Mr. Melvill’s cabinet. They have been arranged for exhibition, and a list of them, with notes and descriptions of new species, was drawn up by Mr. J. Cosmo Melvill (a member of the Committee of the Manchester Museum) and Mr. R. Standen (of the Museum staff). As the collection is one of the largest and most important that has been received in this country from the Loyalty Islands, it has been thought desirable to afford the naturalists of Manchester and elsewhere an opportunity of obtaining separate copies of this catalogue, and it has therefore been reprinted from ‘The Journal of Conchology’ and issued as one of the Museum Handbooks. WiLLiam E. Hoy _e, Keeper of the Museum. 84 JOURNAL OF CONCHOLOGY. NOTES ON A COLLECTION Ob SHELES FROM LIFU AND UVEA, LOYALTY ISLANDS, FORMED BY THE REV. JAMES AND MRS. HADFIELD, WITH LIST OF SPECIES: By JAMES COSMO MELVILL, M.A., F.L.S., aAnbD ROBERT STANDEN. (Read before the Conchological Society, June 9th, 1894). THE Loyalty Islands, of which the three principal are Lifu, Maré, and Uvea, form part of the New Caledonian Archipelago, and are situate east of the main isle, with its capital Noumea, being placed long. 168° E. lat. 22° S. They are not, therefore, very far within the tropic of Capricorn. Belonging to France, it is not surprising that several eminent naturalists of that nation have made an especial study of the fauna of this group. Accordingly we find, mainly in the pages of the ‘Journal de Conchylologie,’ numerous papers on both the Terrestrial and Marine Mollusca, mostly from the pens of MM. Crosse, P. Fischer, Souverbie, Gassies, and three resident conchologists of note—Lambert, Marie, and Mon- trouzier. Mr. John Brazier* has likewise described a few new forms from this region, and we must not omit the name of Mr. Edgar L. Layard, C.M.G., for many years British Consul in New Caledonia, who here, as elsewhere, made large collections. Lhe period of most active research in this quarter, so far as the mollusca are concerned, would appear to have been the decade 1865-75;~but several novelties have been described since that later date. We cannot find, however, that any catalogue of the whole Marine Molluscan Fauna of the Loyalty Island group has been Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., iy. (1879), 1880, pp. 388—392. J.C., viti.. July 1805. MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. 85 published, and, as a step towards this desired end, we venture to offer the following list of over 600 species, about twenty or twenty-one of which are considered new, this list being based upon a very beautiful and interesting collection, rich in individuals as well as number of species, formed by the Rev. James and Mrs. Hadfield, of Lifu, and coming mostly from that island, with some also from the neighbouring island of Uvea. They were collected during 1891-3. Many of them, it is true, are beach shells, and a little worn, but their colours are so untarnished, and condition so perfect as to preclude their being considered as otherwise than in good condition. The small number of Pelecypoda is re- markable ; the bulk of the shells collected are marine Gastro- poda, and we may signalize Conus, Mitra, Cypraea, and Columbella_ especially as being very numerous, both in individuals and species. We have also included amongst these the terrestrial and fluviatile mollusca, collected by Mr. and Mrs. Hadfield. It is nothing new to be able to pronounce these islands as being as rich, almost, in marine Mollusca as the famous Philip- pine Islands, or Mauritius, for MM. Crosse and Fischer give forty-five species of Mitra and fifty species of Conus, for instance, as being found within the New Caledonian region. Many of these are of very wide distribution, and it is curious to observe how large a number of the forms found in Mauritius are here also, some 3,000 miles or more to the eastward, although it forms part of the same vast sub-division, the Indo-Pacific Province. ‘The late M. Paul Fischer, however, considers the Australo-Polynesian region, in which he places these islands, distinct from the Indo-Pacific Province of Woodward. These sub-divisions, however, must necessarily be somewhat arbitrary, and their lines of demarcation optional. The fact remains, that in the Marine Mollusca, at all events, there is a close connection between the Mauritian and the New Caledonian Fauna. We had, at first, in mind the possibility of a general 56 MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. catalogue brought up to date ofall the species hitherto reported from this group; but, upon reflection, we think it best merely to include those species received from time to time from Mr. Hadfield. Our especial thanks are due to Mr. William Moss, Mr. R. Cairns, and Dr. G. W. Chaster. To Mr. Moss, for photographing for us some of the new species in a very clear and accurate manner, and for allowing us to inspect, on several occasions, the large stores he received from Mr. Hadfield. To Mr. Cairns for having aided Mr. Moss in the separation and arrangement of so large a mass of material and for having per- mitted the selection by us of what might be of interest for this catalogue; and to Dr. G.W. Chaster also for some beautiful photo- graphs of the new species, reproduced herewith by the collotype process. ‘Thisaid has been to us invaluable. To Mr. Edgar A. Smith, F.Z.S., of the Natural History Museum, South Kensing- ton, and to Mr. Ernest Ruthven Sykes, F.Z.S., we must also offer our best acknowledgments, for their ready help in discriminating some of the more critical species, and advice on the subject of the new forms ; andto Mr. John Ray Hardy, of the Manchester Museum, Owens College, we are also indebted for much yalu- able assistance in the arrangement of the collection generally. EIST -OF “SPECIES. Grass CELERANT OROMAG ORDER DIBRANCHIATA. FAMILY SPZJRULIDA, Spirula Peroni Lam. — Several specimens of this pelagic species, mostly in a fragmentary condition. OrDER TETRABRANCHIATA. FaMILy MVAUTILIDA. Nautilus macromphalus Reeve.—A long suite of indi- viduals ranging in size from_ very young ones, 22 mill. in diameter, to adult. Two very fine specimens came in spirit and contained the animal in good condition. In J.C., viit., July 1895. MELVILL AND STANDEN : SHELLS FROM LIFU. 87 the umbilical cavities of each of these specimens are colonies of a small Cirrhipede, allied to Lepas fasctcularis L.. N. pompilius Linné.—One adult specimen. Ciass GASTROPODA. ORDER PULMONATA, HAMILY LAS LACH LED AL. Micromphalia Saisseti Montr.—Several fine specimens. Rhytida inzequalis Pfr.—Several. Diplomphalus lifuanus Montr.—Plentiful and very fine. FAMILY HELICIDA. Helix aspersa Miiller.—A large number of this species were received, mostly differing but slightly from European ex- amples, but several are almost black in colour. Of course the species has been introduced, and Mr. E. L. Layard gives a graphic description of his first finding it in the Island of Lifu in 1879, and subsequent tracing of the authors of its introduction, who were the officers of a French man-of-war (vide Wallis Kew, ‘The Dispersal of Shells,’ London, 1893). H. (Geotrochus) sinistrorsa Deshayes=Buliminus sin- istrorsus Pat.—A curious little shell, placed by Clessin in the sub-section Psewdopartula Pfr. Our specimens, of which there are a great number, have been identified as the above by Mr. E. L. Layard and others, but agree as nearly with Budiminus theobaldianus Gassies, as figured in Gassies’ Faune Conch. Nouvelle-Calédonie, pt. 2 pl. iii, fig. 9. H. (Patula) costulifera Pfr.—Several. H. (Patula) confinis Gassies.—Several. Bulimus (Placostylus) Alexander Crosse.—Several ex- amples of this fine species. B. (Placostylus) Edwardsianus Gassies.—Several. B. (Placostylus) fibratus Martyn.—Several. B. (Placostylus) insignis Petit.—Very abundant, most ot the specimens minus epidermis, 88 MELVILL AND STANDEN : SHELLS FROM LIFU. B. (Placostylus) ouveanus Dotzauer.—Plentiful; from the island of Uvea. FAMILY PUPIDZ. Buliminus (Rachis) Mageni Gass. = B. histrio Pfr.—A large number of pretty examples in great variety of colour and pattern of markings. Vertigo pediculus Shuttl.—Several specimens. FamMiLy STENOGYRIDA, Stenogyra (Opeas) artensis Gassies.—Common. S. (Opeas) Souverbianus Gassies.—Exceedingly abundant in all stages of growth. FAMILY SUCCINEIDA. Succinea (Tapada) Montrouzieri Crosse=§. austratis Gassies, non Fér.—Fairly plentiful. Famity AURICULIDA. Scarabus chalcostomus Adams.—Very abundant. S. maurulus Gassies.—Many fine specimens. Plecotrema Souverbiei Montrouzier.—One example. P, labrella H. & A. Adams. Melampus luteus Quoy.—A good many very fine specimens. M. crassidens Gassies.—Several. M. coffea Kiist.--Not uncommon. M. fasciatus Deshayes.—Common. M. flavus Gmelin.—Several. FAMILY L/MNACID/:, Planorbis Montrouzieri Gassies.—Plentiful. FaMity PH VSIDA. Physa incisa Gassies.—Many fine specimens. FAMILY SJPHONARIIDA:. Siphonaria cochleariformis Reeve.—One specimen. Siphonaria sp.—Several specimens too worn to identify, but allied to S. diemenensis Quoy. Likewise one specimen. OrpdER OPISTHOBRANCHIATA. FAMILY 4C7T_4A00NIDA:. Actzon affinis A. Adams,—Several of this pretty species. J.C., viii., July 1895. MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. 89 A. (Buccinulus) solidulus Linné.—Plentiful, and in great variety. Buccinulus) nitidulus Lamarck.—Common, Buccinulus) alveolus Souverbie. — Several beautiful specimens. A. ( A. ( FAMILY 7TORNATINIDAE. Tornatina voluta Quoy.—Several specimens. FAMILY SCAPHANDRIDA. Atys naucum Linné.—Two specimens. A. debilis Pease.—Several. A. solida Linné.—Several. FaMity BULLIDA. Bulla ampulla Linné.—A considerable number of very small specimens. B. nebulosa Gould.—Many prettily-marked specimens. Haminea tenera A. Adams.—Three specimens. Haminea Cairnsiana sp. nov. (PI. IL, fig. r). fT, testa alba, pellucida, cylindrica, striis transverstm regu- laribus instruct, posticé truncata, lateribus rectis, labro guadratulo, apud basim producto. Long. sp. mazoris , 8-50 mill. Lat. 6 mill. fab. Vatu. Several specimens, but only a few full grown. A very delicate white shell, allied to 77 papyrus and also HZ. ambigua, both of A. Adams. It is cylindrical, transversely delicately striate, posteriorly truncate, sides straight, lip slightly quadrate, pro- duced at the base. We received the specimens from Mr. Robert Cairns, of Ashton-under-Lyne, just as Mr. Hadfield had forwarded them to him in shell-sand, and are glad of the oppor- tunity of connecting his name with this new form, in slight recognition of the services he has rendered us. FAMILY RINGICULIDA. Ringicula caledonica Morelet.-— Several. R. australis Hinds.—Many specimens, which we believe are referable to this species, but the genus is a difficult one, 26/9/95 G go MELVILL AND STANDEN : SHELLS FROM LIFU. abounding in synonymy and false species, and badly need- ing a competent monographer. OrDER PROSOBRANCHIATA, FAMILY ZEREBRIDAZ. Terebra (Subula) casta Hinds.—Near 7: hastata Menke. A pretty species. Several specimens. T. (Subula) crenulata Linné.— Several fine specimens in various stages of growth. T. (Subula) dimidiata Linné.—Several. T. (Subula) duplicata Lamarck.—Three specimens. T. (Subula) maculata Linné.—-Very numerous in all stages of growth, several specimens being large and well marked. T. (Subula) muscaria Linné.—Abundant and very fine. T. (Abretia) affinis Gray.—A beautiful, but common form. Numerous examples. T. (Abretia) cerithina Lamarck.—One full-grown specimen in good condition. T. (Hastula) circumcincta Deshayes. — A conspicuous shell, spirally transverse-striated. Several specimens. T. (Hastula) lanceata Lamarck.—A number of worn or fragmentary examples of this elegant species. T. (Euterebra) Bernardi Deshayes.—An Australian form. One or two specimens. T. (Euterebra) circinata Deshayes. Originally described from China. T. (Euterebra) Mariesii Smith.—One specimen only, but exactly agreeing with the Japanese type ; it has been re- A few examples. ferred to the describer of the species, T. (Euterebra) straminea Gray.—'l'wo specimens. T. (Euterebra) tricolor Sowerby.— Several imperfect but characteristic specimens. T. (Myurella) argus Hinds.—One fine example only. T. (Myurella) cingulifera Lamarck.—A few worn shells. T. (Myurella) myuros Lamarck.— Uncommon. J.C., vili., Oct. 1895, MELVILL AND STANDEN : SHELLS FROM LIFU. OI T. (Myurella) nectarea sp. nov. (PI. II, fig. 2). T. testa elongato-subulata, ad basim latiore, albida, parum nitida, supra suturas regulariter brunneo-maculata, anfrac- tibus tridecim, transversitm multi-sulcatis, longttudinaliter costatis, costis gemmulatts infra, juxta suturas, duabusque macularum ordinibus plus minusve decoratis, ultimo anfractu bicingulato apud medium atgue ad basim, apertura ovata, labro exteriore simplice. Long., 35 mill. Lat., to mill. ffab., Lifu. One specimen of this distinct and handsome shell was brought home by Mr. Hadfield in 1891-2. The longitudinal ribs beaded just below, and the double row of brown spots above the sutures, resemble no other species with which we are acquainted, excepting perhaps Z: ¢/g7iza Gmelin, a smooth shell with the same disposition of marking; it bears also some superficial likeness to Z. corrugata Lam., TZ. histrio Desh., and others of the same section. But in form 7: xéer/ineata Desh., from the Sandwich Isles, gives the closest approach to our species. This, we believe, is still unique in the Cumingian collection at South Kensington. In this shell, however, the whorls are divided by a broad transverse groove, and there is no sign of this in Z: wectavea. Care must be taken not to con- found imperfect specimens of Verfagus Martinianus Pfr. with this shell. T. (Myurella) nodularis Deshayes.—Not uncommon. Per- haps only a form of 7: ¢ext#//’s Hinds. T. (Myurella) oculata Lamarck.—Several good specimens of this fine species. T. (Myurella) subulata Linné.—Common. T. (Myurella) textilis Hinds.—Common, FamMity CONIDA. Conus imperialis Linné.—Several ; one very fine. C. marmoreus Linné.—Numerous; mostly young specimens. C. pulicarius Bruguitre.—Abundant ; several very fine speci- mens with epidermis intact, Q2 MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. C. (Stephanoconus) baeticus Reeve. — Very plentiful ; mostly wave-worn. C. (Stephanoconus) balteatus Sowerby.—A few small specimens. C. (Stephanoconus) lividus Bruguitre.—Abundant, but few in good condition. C. (Stephanoconus) plumbeus Reeve.—A few differing from the type in colour, which is brickdust red in the Lifu examples received. C. (Puncticulis) arenatus Bruguitre.—Great numbers of small-sized specimens, some with epidermis quite perfect. (Puncticulis) miliaris Bruguitre.—Several. (Puncticulis) nanus Broderip.—Many small specimens. (Coronaxis) fulgetrum Sowb. —Three good specimens. (Coronaxis) hebraeus Linné.—Common. (Coronaxis) minimus Linné.—Several. (Coronaxis) musicus Bruguiere.—Common. (Coronaxis) sponsalis Chemnitz.—Several. (Coronaxis) vermiculatus Lamarck.—Several. . (Nubecula) geographus Linné. stages of growth and fair condition, some large and well- a) fo) (a) (e) 19) (ehtohioyis Many specimens in all marked. C. (Nubecula) striatus Linné.—Numerous specimens in all stages, mostly worn. C. (Nubecula) tulipa Linné.—Several small but pretty speci- mens, with a few of typical size. C. (Dendroconus) figulinus Linné. — Several very large specimens. C. (Dendroconus) quercinus Bruguitre.—Three examples. C. (Lithoconus) eburneus Bruguitre. — Very abundant ; small specimens of the form usually known as var. or sp. crassus Brug. occurring in hundreds. C. (Lithoconus) litteratus Linné.—Some small specimens, J.C., viii., Oct, 1895. MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. 93 all var. mllepunctata (Conus millepunctatus Vamarck)—by some conchologists still considered a good species. C. (Lithoconus) magus Linné.—One specimen only, in poor condition, of this ubiquitous Eastern species. C. (Leptoconus) generalis Linné.—A few somewhat worn examples. C. (Rhizotonus) cinctus Sowerby. C. (Rhizoconus) lineatus Chemnitz. C. (Rhizoconus) lithoglyphus Reeve=ermineus Dillw. C. (Rhizoconus) miles Linné. C. (Rhizoconus) planorbis Born. C. (Rhizoconus) tahitensis Bruguicre. C. (Rhizoconus) vexillum Reeve.—A large number of each of the above species, of ordinary character and in poor or immature condition generally. C. (Rhizoconus) sulphuratus Bruguicre.—-One good speci- men. We think this is a species distinct from C. mustelinus Brug. with which it is usually joined. C. (Chelyconus) catus Bruguiere.—Abundant. C. (Chelyconus) monachus Linné.—Several. C. (Chelyconus) pertusus Bruguitre. — One fine richly- coloured specimen. C. (Cylinder) canonicus Bruguitre.—Two specimens. C. (Cylinder) textile Linné.—Several rather poor examples. C. (Hermes) atramentosus Reeve.—Four specimens. C. (Hermes) glans Bruguitre.—Several good examples. C. (Hermes) nussatella Linné.—A few small shells in poor condition. C. (Hermes) tenuistriatus Sowerby.—One specimen only. Pleurotoma (Turris) abbreviata Reeve.—Very abundant and in fair condition. P. (Turris) cingulifera Lamarck.—Several specimens some- what worn, P. (Surcula) bijubata Reeve.—Plentiful. P. (Surcula) brevicaudata Reeve.—Common. O4 MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. P. (Surcula) cincta Lamarck.—Common. P. (Drillia) Hadfieldi sp. nov. (Plate III, fig. 23). P. testa fustformt, albida, rugosa, anfractibus seplem, longt- tudinaliter paucicostatts, costis crasstusculis, ventricosis, trans- versim funiculatis, costts alternatim squarrosé ochraceotinctis, apertura subrotunda, labro extertore incrassato, tnlus dentt- culato, columellart simplice, extus minuté albipustulato. Long., 6 mill. Lat., 3 mill. Flab., Lifu. A pretty species, small, roughly ventricosely costate, trans- versely crossed by coarse raised lines, the ribs being alternately squarely blotched with ochraceous, columellar lip smooth and simple. P, (Drillia) Lamberti Montrouzier. — Two specimens. Seemingly allied to the West Indian P/. zebra Lam. P. (Drillia) obliquicostata Reeve.—Common. P. (Drillia) pupoidea A. Adams.—Very abundant. This species is identical with 7/7. victor Sow., recently described from Mauritius. P. (Drillia) regia Beck.—A number of fine and beautifully- marked specimens. One of the most attractive of the genus. P. (Crassispira) fuscescens Gray. — Several specimens. Also found in the West Indies, thus showing a wide distribution. P. (Clavus) bilineata Reeve.—One or two examples. P. (Clavus) unizonalis Lamarck.—Common. P. (Clavus) vidua Reeve.-—Plentiful ; very variable in size. Mangilia (Defrancia) albifuniculata Reeve.—One speci- men of a very small though striking species. M. (Defrancia) granicostata Reeve. — Several pretty specimens. M. (Defrancia) philippinensis Reeve.—Rather common. M. (Defrancia) granularis E. A. Smith.—'Two specimens. J.€., viii., Oct. 1895. MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. 95 M. (Glyphostoma) Alicize sp. nov. (PI. IL, fig. rs). M. testa elongatofusiformt, gracillima, nivea, anfractibus decem, in medio ventricosults, apud suturas subconstrictis, undique confertim transverso-striatis, longitudinaliter rotun- docostatis, apertura oblonga, labro exteriore multum incras- sato, brunneo-tincto, precipue marginem apud suturalem, simul ac ad bastm labri exterioris. Long. 9 mill. Lat. 4-50 mill. Hab. Lifu. About twenty specimens of this pretty species of Glypho- stoma, which occupies a position near G. crasstlabrum Reeve, but is distinct. It is white, graceful, ten-whorled, the whorls some- what ventricose, transversely striate, and roundly longitudinally costate. ‘The outer lip is much thickened. and the outer sinus stained brown, there being also a brown blotch towards the base of the outer lip. We have much pleasure in associating with this species the name of Miss Alicia Mayor Standen, who has assisted us considerably in the general assortment of a large portion of the collection. M. (Glyphostoma) calcicincta sp. noy. (PI. IIL, fig. 21). M. testa minuta, tncrassata, rugosa, pellucida, nivea, anfrac- tibus sex, longttudinaliter crassicostatis, costis paucis promin- entibus, apudmedium transversim una conspicua zona, calcared, candida, opaca, ctrcumambiente, ultimum apud anfractum latiore, apertura angusta, labro exteriore crassiusculo, albo, minute pustulato, intus quadri-denticulato, columellari quadri-plicato. Long, 4 mill, Lat. 2-25 mill. Hab., Lifu. A single specimen in beautiful condition of a little bright white semi-opaque shell, this opacity being caused by a dead- white transverse band crossing the coarse ribs and becoming broader in the last whorl. The outer lip, under a lens, is very beautiful, being minutely warted, and with four denticles, the columellar margin with four plaits. This species is of the same character as G. rugosa Mighels. M. (Glyphostoma) crassilabrum Reeve. —One or two specimens, 96 MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. M. (Glyphostoma) cremonilla sp. nov. (Pl. IIL, fig. 31). M. testa fustformt, solidiuscula, pallide-straminea, infra suturas ochraceo-cincta, anfractibus septem, apud medium longitudinaliter ventricosé crasst-costatis, transversim rudt- liratis, lirts paucts, tncrassatis, apertura oblonga, labro extertore intus sex-denticulato columellart multi-plicato. Long., sp. maj., 12 mill. Lat., 6 meld. flab., Lifu, in shell sand. By those authors who would reconstitute the genus or sub- genus Borsonia (Bellardi), founded upon a Tertiary fossil possess- ing one or more columellar plaits, this species and two or three others from Lifu would be included in it. At present we prefer following the arrangement as set forth in our National Collec- tion, and adding these new forms to the sub-genus G/yphostoma, and taking as the types G. crasstlabrum Reeve and G. rugosum Mighels. The G. cremonil/a cannot be confounded with G. nigrocinctum (Montrouzier) from New Caledonia ; it is a coarser- ribbed species, and banded with pale ochre, not black. ‘Two specimens. M. (Glyphostoma) Emme sp. nov. (PI. IIL, fig. 24): M. testa acuminata, fustformt, semt-pellucida, pallidé stra- minea, ventricosa, anfractibus octo, omnibus preter ultimum longitudinaliter paucicostatis, transversim fortiter supra suturas bi vel trifuntculocinctis, regulariter inter costas longt- tudinales, uxta suturas, squarrosé brunneo-macilatis, ultimo anfractu apud medium simili modo decorato, longitudinaliter multt-costulato, transverstmque multi-funiculato, apertura oblonga, labro extertore denticulato, presertim uno dente con- spicuo columellart quadri-denticulato, canalt brevit. Long., 12 mill. Lat., 5 mill. ffab., Lifu, in shell-sand. A very elegant little species, in good condition, somewhat ventricose, acuminate, semi-transparent, and_ straw-coloured, unicolorous excepting for the few square brown spots situate just above the sutures, between the longitudinal coste on the central whorls and continued in the middle of the last whorl, culminating in the specimen before us in a large dorsal square brown mark near the outer lip. The whorls, with the exception J.C., vuii., Oct. 1895. MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. Q7 of the last, are few ribbed, and transversely crossed twice or thrice with strong projecting corded ribs, the last whorl is many ridged and many corded. Mouth oblong, with a very strong prominent tooth in the outer lip, which is, besides, 4-denticulate, the columellar margin being also 4-denticulate. Canal rather short. We have much pleasure in associating the name of Mrs. Emma Hadfield with this attractive little shell. M. (Glyphostoma) Giliberti Souverbie.—Described origin- ally from the island of Lifu: our only specimen agrees fairly with the description and representation. M. (Glyphostoma) rugosa Mighels.—Several. M. (Glyphostoma) scalarina Deshayes.—One specimen. M. (Glyphostoma ?) theskela sp. nov. (PI. IIL, fig. 26). M. testa attenuato-fusiformi, gracillima, delicatula, albida, anfractibus sex vel septem, longttudinaliter costulatis, trans- verstm densiliratis, lirts tenuibus, supra, juxta suturas, inter costas et apud medium anfractus ultimi brunneo-maculatis, apertura oblonga, labro extertore crasstusculo, simplice, margine columellart octo-plicato, Long., 7-50 mill: Lat., 3 mill. ffab., Lifu. This very interesting little shell we place provisionally under Glyfhostoma, from which assemblage it differs in the simple outer lp and more uniform shape. ‘The inner or columellar margin of the lip possesses seven or eight close and minute plice, there is also one minute process at the parietal sinus. It is of a graceful attenuate form, six-whorled, or perhaps seven, but the apex is broken off in the only specimen we have. ‘lhe pure whiteness of the shell is relieved by a row of brown spots between the ribs just above the sutures and in the middle of the last whorl. The specific name is from the Greek GeoxeXos ‘wonderful,’ in allusion to the strange configura- tion of the species. M. (Cythara) cithara Gould.—A few pretty specimens. M. (Cythara) inepta Smith.—One fine specimen. Hitherto 93 MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. only recorded from Honduras! ‘The author of the species has examined our specimen and agrees with our deter- mination. . (Cythara) reticulata Reeve.—Common ; a very elegant form. . (Cythara) vexillum Reeve.—Abundant. . (Daphnella) bella Reeve.—Several specimens of this curiously-marked species. . (Daphnella) dulcinea sp. nov. (PI. IIL. fig. 25.) M. testa fustformt, albida, anfractibus sex, ventricosis, apud suturas tmpressts, longitudinaliter costulatis, transverstin aelicatult-striatis, fic tlic minutissimé sparsim brunneo- punclatis, apertura oblonga, labro exteriore effuso. Long., 6 mill. Lat., 2-50 mill. Flab., Lifu. A very delicately-striated shell, with swollen whorls, im- Ss.) (Ss sye pressed at the sutures, obscurely longitudinally ribbed ; outer lip effuse, under a lens the surface is seen to be very finely besprinkled with minute dust-like brown spots. One specimen. M. (Daphnella) nexa Reeve. M. (Daphnella) saturata Reeve.—Several. Besides these there are a few species of minute Plewroto- A few only. mide that we cannot yet determine. Many species have been described, mainly by French conchologists, of which we have no representatives in our National or other collections. Famity CANCELLARIJDZE. Cancellaria (Trigonostoma) costifera Sowerby.—Several specimens. ‘This genus seems but poorly represented in the Loyalty Islands, although several are described from New Caledonia. FAMILY OLJVID. Oliva (Strephona) episcopalis Lamarck. of handsome specimens. O. (Strephona) erythrostoma Lamarck.—Very numerous. Some specimens unusually large, all in excellent condition A large number and brilliantly coloured. J.C., viii., Oct. 1895, MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS EROM LIFU. 99 O. (Strephona) masaris Duclos.—A fine specimen, now in the collection of the Ven. Archdeacon Anson. O. (Strephona) guttata Lamarck. —A large number of very pretty specimens in all stages. O. (Strephona) maura Lamarck.—Two specimens only. O. (Strephona) picta Reeve.—Two specimens, in worn condition, O. (Strephona) tremulina Lamarck. — Several very fine specimens of an unusually dark form. O. (Porphyria) sericea Bolt.—Two fine specimens. Olivella parvula Martyn (?)—Several specimens, all some- what worn, and therefore rather doubtful. FAMILY HARPIDZ. Harpa articularis Lamarck.—One specimen in young con- dition. H. minor Rumphius.—Two specimens in the Manchester Museum, Owens College, and three fine ones in the collection of the Ven. Archdeacon Anson—all received from Mr. Hadfield. FAMILY JZARGINELLIDA. Marginella (Persicula) lifuana Crosse.—A considerable number of this pretty little species. M. (Volvaria) caledonica Jousseaume.—Very near the West Indian AZ. avena and MZ. tentata, but the columella is only three-plaited, and the angle at the suture of the last whorl is more pronounced. Several specimens. FaMiLty A7/7TRIDAE. Species of this family, exclusive of Zwr7icula, are exceed- ingly well represented by an enormous number of individuals in all stages, and for the most part in fairly good condition. Mitra (Eumitra) cardinalis Gmelin.—Several. M. (Eumitra) episcopalis Linné.— Many very fine specimens, some of the adults having the outer lip beautifully serrated. 100 MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. M. (Eumitra) pontificalis Lamarck.—One adult and several young specimens. M. (Scabricula) eximia A. Adams.—All of a beautiful warm reddish orange colour variety. One of the most abundant shells sent. The typical form occurs in the Mauritius. M. (Scabricula) spherulata Martyn.—Very common, but mostly worn and poor. M. (Scabricula) texturata Lamarck, var. lifouana Crosse. —Very plentiful. M. (Cancilla) filaris Linné.—This species, for many years known as JZ. filosa Born., possesses two well marked varieties, the typical JZ, f/aris being an attenuate and fusiform shell, the form (. zexz/’s Martyn, to which all the Lifu and Uvea specimens we have seen belong, is much more obese than the type. The late Mr. Andrew Garrett, who is entitled to speak authorititively on the subject, as his personal acquaintance with the Polynesian A/?tride was more extended and full than that of any who have preceded or followed him, considered JZ. nexi/is a true species. (cf. Garrett, Polynesian A/¢tride, “ Journal of Conchology,” vol. lil., p. 21, 1880). M. (Chrysame) ambigua Swainson.—Plentiful. M. (Chrysame) coronata Chemnitz.—This species and JZ. tarella seem almost too closely allied. The forms we here place under JZ. covonata would appear intermediate between the two. It is abundant on the coasts of Lifu and Uvea. M. (Chrysame) ericea Pease. M. (Chrysame) laeta Adams. M. (Chrysame) lugubris Swainson. M. (Chrysame) tiarella Swainson. M. (Chrysame) ticaonica Reeve. M. (Chrysame) turgida Reeve. M. (Chrysame) vexillum Reeve. Most of the above very plentiful, but usually waterworn and in poor condition. J.C., viit., Oct. 1895. MELVILL AND STANDEN : SHELLS FROM LIFU. IOI M. (Chrysame) fulvosulcata Melvill, Journal of Con- chology vol. v., p. 287, 1888. (PI. III., fig. 32.) Originally described from Mauritian specimens sent by Mr. Robillard to Mr. G. B. Sowerby. Several have now come to our notice from Lifu, and the species will doubtless occur in inter- mediate localities. The transverse furrows, stained with yellow, impart at once a characteristic appearance to the species. We figure the original type, from Mauritius. M. (Volutomitra) honesta sp. nov. (PI. IIL, fig. 17.) M. testa pyramidato-Sustformi, nitida, brunnea, crasstuscula, levi, anfractibus sex, ultimo rapidé accrescente, ventricoso, apud medium transversim unicingulatts, apertura oblonga, intus cinerea, labro extertore paullum incrassato, effitso, col- lumella triplicata, plicts conspicuts, cinerets. Long., 10 mill. Lat., 4°5 mull. ffab., Lifu. Two specimens of a little JZ/¢va somewhat resembling the Mediterranean Volutomitra ebenus Lam., and possibly a tropical form of that variable species, though its presence in Lifu would hardly be suspected. M. (Strigatella) decurtata Reeve=M. scutulata Lam.— Several very fine specimens. M. (Strigatella) flexilabris Swainson.—One or two in good condition. M. (Strigatella) litterata Lamk.=M. maculosa Reeve.— Common. M. (Strigatella) retusa Reeve= M. paupercula Lamarck. —A large number of rather poor specimens. M. (Strigatella) zebra Reeve.—Common. M. (Turricula) turriger Reeve.—One specimen. M. (Costellaria) arenosa Lamarck.—Common. M. (Costellaria) armiger Reeve.—Several. M. (Costellaria) cadaverosa_ Reeve.—Common. M. (Costellaria) Deshayesi Reeve.—Some large and very beautiful specimens of this interesting species, 102 MELVILL AND STANDEN : SHELLS FROM LIFU. M. (Costellaria) dimidiata Sowb.—A few good specimens. M. (Costellaria) discoloria Chemnitz.—Common. M. (Costellaria) exasperata Reeve. —Abundant, but mostly of a variety we characterize as follows :— M. (Costellaria) exasperata var. Hadfieldi var. noy. (PBL ails fie £4.) Shell turreted, eight or nine ribbed, differing from the type in being dark-brown, banded at the line of the sutures of the upper whorls, and also twice transversely banded at the last whorl. Occasionally specimens occur wholly suffused with dark-brown. An extremely common form at the Loyalty Isiands, several hundred specimens having been forwarded by Mr. Hadfield. M. (Costellaria) modesta Reeve.—A few. M. (Costellaria ?) nitidissima sp. nov. (PI. IIL, fig. 19.) M. testa minuta, perlevit, nitente, brunnea, tenut, anfractibus sex, paullum ventricosts, longttudinaliter costulatis, apertura oblonga, labro extertore vix tncrassato, columella quadriplicata. Long., 5 mill. Lat., 1°5 mitt. FTab., Lifu. Four specimens from shell-sand, all precisely alike, of a very small brown, very shining and smooth shell, longitud- inally roundly costate ; columella four-plaited. The species may really belong to Volutomitra rather than Costellaria. M. (Costellaria) nodilyrata A. Adams.—Several. M. (Costellaria) pacifica Lamarck. — Rather larger than M. cadaverosa of which it may be but a variety. Many specimens. M. (Costellaria) semifasciata Lamarck.-_Not uncommon. M. (Pusia) alveolus Reeve.—Three not quite full grown specimens we refer almost certainly to this species; the vivid black and white marking, as in JZ. zwsa Reeve, render- ing it conspicuous. It is allied both to this species and also AZ. Shoplandi Melvill, lately described from Aden. M. (Pusia) amabilis Reeve.—A few good specimens. J.C., viii., Oct. 1895 MELVILL AND STANDEN: SHELLS FROM LIFU. 103 M. (Pusia) dermestina Lam.—Several. M. (Pusia) lubens Reeve.—One specimen. M. (Pusia) luculenta Reeve—Several specimens. Probably a variety of JZ. Graeffez Crosse. M. (Pusia) muriculata Lamarck.—Extremely abundant, but few specimens in good condition. M. (Pusia) nodosa Swainson.—Several. M. (Pusia) Savignyi Payr. — ‘Iwo specimens. Quite in- separable from the Mediterranean shell (/de FE. A. Smith). M. (Pusia) rosea Reeve.—A pretty purple species. Two or three specimens. M. (Pusia) tuberosa Reeve.—Very common. M. (Pusia) tusa Reeve.—Several pretty specimens in good condition. M. (Pusia) venustula Reeve.—Common. M. (Cyllithea) casta A. Adams.—One good specimen of this elegant species. M. (Cylinder) dactylus Linné.—One very fine specimen. M. (Cylinder) nucea Gronovius.—Common. M. (Cylinder) crenulata Lamarck.—A few small specimens. Imbricara conica Schmck.—Many small specimens. I. olivaeformis Swainson.—Several. I. ossea Reeve =I. punctata Swainson.—A number of rather worn specimens. FamMiIty FASCJOLARIID A. Fusus gradatus Reeve.—One good specimen. Fasciolaria filamentosa Martyn.—A number of very fine fresh specimens. Latirus lautus Reeve.—Several. L. nodatus Martyn.—One young specimen. L. (Plicatella) caledonicus Petit. — Very plentiful, but mostly in poor condition. L. (Plicatella) polygonus Linné—Two specimens in the Manchester Museum, one in the collection of the Ven, Archdeacon Anson, 104 MELVILL AND STANDEN : SHELLS FROM LIFU. L. (Peristernia) aureotinctus Lamarck.—One specimen in the Manchester Museum, one in J. C. Melvill’s collection. L. (Peristernia) chlorostomus Sowerby=L. crenulatus Kiener.—Three nice specimens. L. (Peristernia) incarnatus Deshayes.—Several specimens in various stages. L. (Peristernia) nassatulus Lamarck.—Several. FamMILy ZTURBINELLIDA, Cynodonta ceramica Kiener.—Two small specimens. C. cornigera Lamarck.—Several immature specimens. C. imperialis Reeve=C. tubifera Anth.—Two specimens. FamMity SUCCINIDA. Tritonidea (Cantharus) gracilis Reeve. T. (Cantharus) undosus Linné. T. (Cantharus) marmoratus Reeve. A few specimens of each, mostly worn. T. (Cantharus) menkeanus Dunker.—Our only example agrees very well with Japanese specimens of Dunker’s species in J. C. Melvill’s collection. Engina alveolata Kiener.—One or two examples. E. astricta Reeve. variation. E. iodosia Duclos. (PI. III., fig. 20).—A most interesting re- Several good specimens showing some discovery of a lost species, which has not been with absolute certainty identified by any conchologist since the time of the original describer, although its identity was suspected by ‘the late Mr (G. W-. ' . am , - 1 i iy - i rf Fig. SPAN ASE ON TOR Vira esis 17.—Mitra (Volutomitra) honesta sp. nov.... 18.—Minolia elaphyrella sp. nov. : 19.—Mitra (Costellaria ?) nitidissima sp. nov. 20.—Engina todosia Duclos... ba eae 21.—Mangilia (Glyphostoma) calcicincta sp. nov. 22.—Barleeta Chasteri sp. nov. 23.—Pleurotoma (Drillia) Hadfieldi sp. nov. 24.—Mangilia (Glyphostoma) Emme sp. nov. 25.— 5 (Daphnella) dulcinea sp. nov. 26,— i (Glyphostoma) theskela sp. nov. ... 27.—Engina sinensis Melvill 29.—Cyprea clandestina Vainné var. Az Muffili ee 30.—Kellia fidelium sp. nov.... ae 31.—Mangilia (Glyphostoma) cremonilla sp. nov. 32.—Mitra (Chrysame) fulvosulcata Melvill 33.—Cerithium armatum var. lifuensis var. nov.... 6 LOC} 125 102 104 95 120 94 96 98 97 106 mie) 128 96 Io! imu Plate. U1. Newman imp. West 66535 LIFU MOLLUSCA. GM. Woodward del et lth. 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