PRESEIl^TED THE BRITISH MUSEUM. CATALOGUE LEPIDOPTERA PHAL^ENyE BIUTISH MUSEUM VOLUME V. LONDON: PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES. 1905. {All rigJiis reserved.) €)? \ CATAT.OGUE V.6 r,J\jl OF THE NOCTUID^ IN THE COLLECTION OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM. ■ AUG 1 1 1987 Sir GEORGE F. HAMPSON, BaV- LONDON: FEINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES. SOLD BY LONGMANS & Co.. 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, E.G. ; B. QUARITCH, 15 PICCADILLY, W. ; DULAU & Co., 37 SO HO SQUARE, W. ; KEGAN PAUL & Co., 4,T GERHARD STREET, W ; AND AT THE BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), CROMWELL ROAD, S.W. 1005. PEINTKD BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, Ern LION counT, fleet stueet. PREFACE. Thf, subject of Vol. V. of the 'Catalogue of Moths' is the classification of the HadeniiKr, the second of the fifteen subfamilies of the Noctiiiche, 940 species belonging to 78 genera being described in it. The subfamily is characterised by its trifid neuration of the hind wing combined with the hairy clothing of tho eyes, and forms an extremely natural and well-marked group of species. Sir George Hampson has again to thank all those who have helped him with the earlier Volumes of the Catalogue, for the loan of specimens, and assistance with the present Volume, and, in addition, Dr. Wm, Barnes, of Decatur, Illinois, U.S.A., for the gift of a very large number of species of N. American Noctaidcv, new to the British Museum Collection, and Dr. A. G. Mayer, of the Brooklyn Institute, has again sent drawings, made by Mr. H. B. Judy, of types in the Neuraoegen Collection. Plate XCVI. will appear with Vol. VI. of the Catalogue. E. HAY LANK ESTER, Director, British T\riiseii!u (Natunil Historj), February 24th, I'JUO. SYSTEMATIC INDEX. Pam. NOCTUID.E Subfam. Hadenin^ Tliyrestra, Hmpsn 1127. liyalophora, Hmpsn Erana, ll'lk 1128. gTaminosa, JVlk. . . Trichestra, I£inpsn 1129. nig-ropuncta (Druce) 1130. arbuticolens {Biitl.) IL'il. anlliophila {Butl.) Barathra, HiUm 1132. contigurata ( W7A;.) 1133. curialis [Smith) , 1134. brassicfB (Linn.) . Tiichorbiza, Hmpsn. . . . 1135. peterseni [Christ.) Discestra, Hmpsn 1136. fioiida {Smith)... 1137. chartaria ( ^rVofe) . 1138. eremistis ( P»?j_i7. ) . 1139. arenaria, Hmjfsn., Craterestra, Hmpsn 1 140. lucina {I)ruce) . . . 1141. mYeo\nciA (Butl.) 1142. terranea (AVi/.) . 1143. media (Wlk.) . .. 1144. boplites (Stand.) . 1145. y&cuua. {Smitli) . 1140. bit'ascia, Hm/isn. . 1147. albicosta, Hmpsn. 114^. subterminata, Hinps 1149. seniifusca, Hmpsn 1150. subvflata [If'/k.) . 1151. detinions ( fl7/i.) . Scotog;ramma, Smith . . . 1152. arniata (.S'te^/r/.) . 1153. dianthi (TauHh.). 1154. nana [Hiifn.) . . . Pago 1 6 6 7 8 8 9 9 10 11 11 12 12 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 18 18 19 19 20 21 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 25 25 26 1155. isoloma {Pimg.) .... 1156. submedianata, Hmjjsn 1157. ptilodonta, [Grote) 1158. trifolJi {Eott.) . . . 1159. impolita (Morr.) . 1160. hadeuitbrmis [Smith) 1161. stigniosa [Christ.) 1162. agrotiformis (-Hm^wn 1163. sodaj {R)nbr.) 1164. defessa (Grote) . . . . 1165. repeiitiiia (Morr.) 116tj. orida [Smith) .... 1167. implexa [Hilbn.) . . 1168. peculiaris [Sfaud.) 1169. submarina [Grote) 1170. nieudosica Hmpsn. Catepliiudes, Hmpsn 1171. ziielana (Schaus) . . Anarta, Ochs 1172. trisema, Mab. . . . 1173. staudingeri, Avriv. 1174. richardsoni [Cart.) 1175. quadrilunata, Grote 1176. leucocycla, Staud. 1177. etacta, Smith .... 1178. membro.^a, Morr.. . 1179. myrtilli (Linn.) . . 1180. cordigera [Thnnb.) 1181. mimuli, Behr 1182. iuipingens, ll'lk. .. 1183. phaea, Hmpsn 1183 a. Jaeita, S/ni'h .... 1184. melanopa [Thimh.) 1185. mimida, Grote .... 1186. luaiisi, Pibif/ 1 187. zemblica, Hnips)i. . . Lasiestra, Hmpsn 1188. montaiia (Leech) . . 1189. siibdita [Mdschl.) . . 1189 a. albinuda (6';»j^/i) Page 27 27 28 28 30 30 31 31 32 33 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 39 40 40 41 41 42 43 44 44 45 602 45 46 46, 602 47 47 48 48 602 VUl SYSTEMATIC INDEX. Laaiestra (con.). Page 1190. phoca (Mosrll.) 48 1191. promulsa (Morr.) .... 49 1192. unifonuis (S'?»/V//) .... 66 1218. discalis ( Grote) 67 1219. imbrifera ( Giieii.) 68 1220. nugatis (S?nitJ/) 68 1221. laiiguida (Smith) 69 1222. juncimacula (Smith) . . 69 1223. purpurissata (Grote) . . 70 1224. crotch i (Grote) 71 1225. proxima (Hilbn.) 73 1226. griseata (Smith] 74 1227. orientalis (Alph.) 75 1228. oriza (Druce) 75 1229. rubeus (Druce) 76 1230. lepidula (Smith) 77 1231. distincta (Hilhn.) 77 1232. literata (Fisch.) 78 1233. luteago (Sehiff.) 79 1234. canities, Ilmpsn 80 1235. discolor (Sinith) 80 1236. determinata (iS'm/;'//) .. 81 1237. Columbia (Smith) 81 1238. meditata (Grote) 82 1239. leucogramma (Grote) . . 82 1240. mohosa (Dofjn.) 83 1241. orizabena (Scham) .... 83 1242. bracbiola (Hctrv.) 84 1243. nwnhiaa. IImp,vi 85 1244. iiinbrosa (Smith) 85 1245. plicata (Smith) 86 124(5. gnata (Grote) 86 1247. selama (Strcck.) 87 1 248. tenebra, Hmpm 87 1249. pusilla (Fiim/.) 88 1250. serratilinea '( 7'rai!.) . . . . 88 1251. spalax (Alph.) 89 1252. insolens (Grote) 89 12.53. peregrina (yVeiV.) 92 1254. contigua (Schif.) 93 1255. grandis (5o/6y/.) 94 1256. w-latinum (Hiifn.) 95 1257. invalida (Smith) 96 1258. thalassina (Eott.) 96 1259. mh]nnct^ (Grote ^- Hob.) 97 1200. nevadse (Grote) 98 1261. altaica (Led.) 99 1262. 'siiasa (Schif.) 99 1263. aliena (Hiibu.) 100 1204. passa (Morr.) 101 1265. ptochica (Pibuf.) 102 1266. vau-orbicLilaris (Smith). 102 1267. consangiiis (Giien.) .... 102 1268. fuscirufa, Hmjmi 103 1269. venata, Hmpm 104 1270. luortua (Styr.) 104 1271. persicariaj (Linn.) .... 105 1272. glaucopis, linqmi 106 1273. cristifera ( JF/A-.) 106 1274. ruaniestrina (Butl.) .... 107 1275. ingravis (Smith) 108 1276. nagaensis (H}iipsn.) . . . . 108 1277. ferrisparsa (ifwp.w.) .. 109 1278. costigera (Muorei .... 109 1279. mongolica (Stand.) 110 1280. adveua (Schif.) 110 1281. tiucta (L'rahm) Ill 1282. latex (Guen.) 112 1283. rogenhoferi (J/o.sc/j/.) ..113 1284. nebulosa (Hiifn.) 114 1285. nimbosa (Guen.) 115 1286. nivstica (Smith) 115 1287. scotofhlora, Koll 116 1288. goliatli (Oljerth.) 116 1289. adjiincta (Boisd.) 117 1290. diiatata (Smith) 118 1291. variolata (Smith) ] 18 1292. glaciata (Grote) 119 1293. pennitarsis ( Wlk.) 119 1294. prtedita (Hiihn.) '. 126 1295. prndenitbrmis (-SW^/i). . 127 1296. fiircula (Stand.) 127 1297. eversiuanni (Stand.) .. 128 1298. scbiieideri (Stand) .... 129 6ISTEM.VTIC INDEX. 1209 1300 1301 1302 1303 1303 1304, 1305. 1306. 1307. 1.308. 1309. 1310. 1311. 1312. 1313. 1314. 1315. 1316. 1317. 1318. 1319. 1320. 1321. 1322. 1323. 1324. 1.325. 1325 1325 1326 1327, 1328, 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336, 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1348 1.349, 1350 P.nge pordentata (Ilinpsn.) . . 129 iarnhanii [Grate) 130 furca {Ev.) 131 siuivis {StauJ.) 131 liquida i^Grute) 132 a. iiuitata (Mssn.) 603 radix (JF/A-.) 132 atlantica (Grote) 133 . \iAivA (Stand.) 134 splendens (Hilhn.) .... 134 oleracea (Linn.) 135 pisi (Lmn.) 136, 603 tacoma (St reck.) 137 satanella (Alp/i.) 138 quadrata {Smith) 138 softa (Stmid.) 139 sutrina (G'roi'e) 139 dentina (/SV/i^j?:) 140 glauca (Kleem.) 141 gasiva (Schaus) 142 paranica {Sc/uins) .... 142 cuueata (Grote) 143 ano-uina (Grote) 144 vicina (Grote) 144 pensilis (Grote) 145 segregata (Smith) .... 146 cnivetti (Htnps7i.) .... 146 albomarginata (Druce) . 147 a. albifluviata (Druce) . . 603 h. hieroglyph era (Mssn.) 604 luista (Stand.) 147 mutilata (Smith) 148 beaiii (Grote) 148 legitima (6Vo^e) 149 AnAi (Smith). .'. 150 , lilaciua [Harv.) 150 , illoba (Butl.) 151 . dictyota (Loiver) 151 , calberlai [Stand.) .... 152 , gavisa [Scha?/s) 153 goodelli (Grote) 153 , sadales (Drnce) 154 . chalcia, Ilmp^tn 154 ectypa [Morr.) 1 55 noverca ( Grote) 155 bolteri (Smith) 156 mania (6'//vW>;.) 156 6\}scur& (Smith) 157 nioerons (lint I.) 157 . atrirena, llinpsii 158 as,sinjili.s (Marr.) 158 aya [Doyn. ) 159 nervina [Do'jn.) ICO a. canosticta (Druce) . . ''i()5 panno.sa (Moore) 160 . diptorigidia (//«;/As».). . 161 Page 1351. xanthocosma (Turner) . 161 1352. mesoglauca (Hmpsn.) . . 162 1353. speyeri (Feld.) 162 1354. cuprescens, Hmpsn 163 1355. mesonielana (Hmpsn.) . 163 1.356. furviliiiea (Hmpsn.) . . 164 1-357. magellana (Mab.) 164 1.358. lebruni (MalK) 165 1359. densa (Smith) 165 1360. stretchi [H. Edw.) 166 1.361. palilis (Harv.) 166 1362. longiclava (Smith) .... 167 1363. doira (Strec/c.) 167 1364. stenotis, Hmpsn 168 1365. cappa (Hnlnt.) 168 1366. dysodea (Sehif.) 169 1367. maderaj (Baker) 170 1368. sereiia (Schiff.) 170 1369. olivocincta (Guen.) .... 171 1370. mare.\ (Schaus) 172 1371. subjecta ( Wlk.) 173 1372. coufiisa (Leech) 173 1373. ■psittacus (Herr.-Schilf.) 174 1374. pictula ( White) 174 1375. spiculo.sa (Grote) .... 175 1376. reuigera (Steph.) 176 1377. stricta ( Wlk.) 176 1378. ferrealis ((TrVo^'e) 177 1379. lorea (Guen.) 178 1.380. olivacea (Morr.) 178 1381. van-media [Smith) .... 180 1382. subpicta (Schaus) 180 1383. poliastis (7/w,/;.5?z.) .... 181 1384. laudabilis (Guen.) .... 181 1385. mnvmii^ii (Schaus) .... 182 1385 a. Iteta (Misn.) ........ 605 1386. quadrilineata (Grote) . . 183 1387. vittula (Grote) 183 1388. inciirva (Smi/h) 184 1389. inteutata (Smith) 184 1390. ciiiiva (Schans) l85 1391. hodeva (iJrwr) 185 1392. alboguttata (Grote) 186 1393. erecta (7T7/.-.) 1H(5 1394. datis (Druce) 187 1394rt. hwohu-Ui (Smith) 605 1395. rugosa (Morr.) 188 139(). marinitiiK-la (Harr.) . . 188 1397. mediana (Moore) 189 1398. fasciata (Leech) 189 1399. roseosuHusa (Smith) . . 189 1400. renisigna (Jilk.) ...... 190 1401. goniojihora (6t7t«iSc/«^;) ... 1417. gueiiei [Staud.) . . . Piichetra, Gve7i 1418. leucophiBa {Schiff.) . Odontestra, Hmp.m 1419. vittigera, Hmpsn. . 1420. albivitta, Ilmpsn. . 1421. siniilliina {Moore) . 1422. potanin: (A//>Ji.) '. .. 1423. siibmaiginalis [Wlk.) Hadena, Sclirank 1424. groiiiinea (iSe/iaits) . 1425. prociiicta [Grofe). . . 1420. graminivora {Wlk.). 1426 ff. elrtjistis, Drnce . . , 1426 6. wmai'is, Drnce ... 1427. iiieridioiialis, Ihnjisn 1428. di.ssecta ( Wlk.) . . . 1429. reticulata (J'il/.) . .. 1430. textiirata {A/ph.). . . 1431. uucifera (zl/.s.sw.) ... 1431a. calographa, Mssn.. 1432. bul-eri {ludd.) 1433. niptilinea {Wlk.) . Tliolera, Hillm 1434. popularis {Fabr.) . . . 1435. americana {Smith) . 1436. cespitis (.SWajf:) ... Odoutelia, llnipsn 1437. margiaua {Pi'my.) . Tbargelia, Pwkj 1438. distincta {Christ.) . 1439. fissilis (Christ.) ... Ilvpobaratbra, Hmpsn. . . . 1440. icterias {Fr.) 1441. repetita (Bufl.) . . . Onycbestra, Hmpm 1442. siccannruni (Stand.) Proiiotestra, Hnip.s}! 1443. silenides (Stand.) . Aglossestra, Hmpsn ; 1444. desei'ticoiti, Hmjisn. . Epia, Ililhn 1445. pictuiMta (Alph.). . . 1446. in-egularis [Riifn.) . Page 193 ]94 195 196 196 197 198 199 199 200 201 :^02 203 203 203 205 205 206 20!) 207 207 208 2(19 201» 210 606 607 211 212 212 213 214 607 215 215 216 216 217 218 219 219 220 220 221 221 2i'2 222 223 223 224 224 225 1'25 226 227 9 PS Piipje 1447. aberrans (Ed.) 229 1448. capsiilaris (Guen.) .... 229 1449. iniuorata {Smith) 230 1450. ectrapela {Smith) 230 1451. Bisus (Germ.) . 231 1452. circumvadis (Smith) . . 2-"5l 1453. mendax (Stand.) 232 1454. renati (O/w;-/*.) 233 1455. silenes (Iliibn.) 233 1456. christopbi (Miischl.) . . 234 Oardepia, Hmpsn 234 1457. iriisor ( Ersch.) 235 1458. nova (Smith) 235 Tricboclea, Grote 230 1459. U-scripta (Smith) 237 1460. artesta (Sinifh) 237 1461. albicolou (Scpp) 238 1462. atalantica, Hmpiv 239 1463. cbolica, Hmpsn 239 1464. fuscolutea (Smith) 239 1465. sociabilis (Grccs.) .... 240 1466. decepta, Grate 240 1467. deniotica (P'nng.) 241 1468. antica, Smith 241 1469. postica, Smith 242 1470. edvardsi (Smith) 242 Iladiila, Stand 243 1471. tancrei (Grres.) 243 1472. corgbos>i (Alph.) 244 1473. turpis {Stand.} 245 1474. oi^tima (Alph.) 245 1475. pra3cipua (Stand.) .... 246 1476. Inngicornis (Grccs.). . . . 246 1477. sabulorum (Alph.) .... 247 1478. insolita, Staud 248 1479. inipia (Pum/.) 248 1480. unica (Leech) 249 1481. incomnioda (Staud.) . . 249 Nephelistis, Hmpsn 250 1482. congeuitalis, J/w^;,-:?;. .. 250 1483. claiida (Schans) 251 1484. furva {Schan.s) 252 1485. differens (Drnce) 252 1486. velk'rea (Sehaus) 253 1486 «. couservulodes, X)r?/re . 608 Ilydra'ciodes, Hmpsn 253 1487. xautbina, Hmpsn 254 1488. pexa (Schans) 254 1489. alala (Drnce) 255 1490. azteca (Schans) 256 1491. cauta (Schans) 256 1492. leucopis, Hmpsn , 257 1493. leucogramma, Hmpsn. . 257 Tiracola, Moore 257 1494. pl.cigiata {Wlk.) 258 Chabuata, Wlk 259 SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 1405. notata (Sfreck.) . .. 1490. signata ( Wlk.) 1497. fistula [Ilarv.) 1498. mutina (Scfiaus) . . . 1498 a. chipeta (Barnes) . 1499. iuconspicua {Grote). loOO. carneago (Guen.). . . 1501. distincta (iMoore) . . . 1502. olDscura (Moore) . . . 1503. punctosa ( TF/A.) ... 1504. couigera (Schiff.) . . . 1505. angulifera (Moore) . 1506. vefutina {StnitJi) . . . 1507. albicosta (Moore) . 1508. fratema (Moore) . .. 1509. inauis (Oberth.) . .. 1510. ruiipeuiiis (Bull.). . . 1511. ociosa (Doyn.) 1512. amceba, Hrnpsn. . . . 1513. albimargo (Guen.) . 1514. dulcinea (Bufl.) . . . 1515. subsocia ( Wlk.) . . . 1616. albirena (Giie7i.) . . . 1517. ampla, Jf7Z; 1518. major (Guen.) 1519. rectilinea, Hmpsn. . 1520. uoctuiformis (Guen.) 1521. satellitioides (Guen.) Lasianobia, Hmpsn 1522. lauta {Puny.) 1523. decreta (Pilny.) . . . Manobia, Stand 1524. xena, Stand 1525. grisea (But I.) Hyssia, Guen 1526. griseipennis (Feld.). 1527. inconstans (Bufl.) , 1528. cucuUina (Gum.) 1529. moderata ( JFlk.) . . . 1530. siuinthistis, Hmpsn. 1531. millifera(W7/.-.) ... 1532. senatoria (Smith). . . 1533. gussata (Smith) . . . 1534. compsias (Meyr.) 1535. nipbadopa (Meyr.) . 1636. anthracias (Meyr.) . 1637. caveruosa (Er.) . . . 1538. violascens, Hmpsn. . 1539. mode.sta (Morr.) . . . 1540. di.sticLa (Morr.) . . . 1541. dilecta (7/. iV/w.) . 1642. fasciata (-S'»/////) . . . 1543. niveiguttata (Grote) 1544. orbiculata (Smith) . 1545. musciilina (StaiuJ.) . Proteinania, Hmpsn Page 259 260 201 261 608 261 262 263 264 264 265 266 267 267 268 268 268 269 2(9 270 270 271 271 272 272 273 274 274 274 276 276 276 276 277 278 278 279 279 280 280 281 281 282 283 283 284 285 286 286 287 287 288 288 289 280 2! in Fnffe 1546. acbatioides (Guen.) 290 1547. vigasia (Schaus) 291 Evio^ygn, Guen 291 1548. crocosticta (Schaus). . . . 292 1549. fea (Druce) 293 1550. mulina (Schaus) 293 1551. tersa (Druce) 294 1552. baruna (Schau.s) 294 1553. mediorufa (Schaus) .... 295 1554. contempta {Schaus). . . . 295 1555. CLirtica (Smith) 296 1556. acaliis [Streck.) 296 1557. incincta (Morr.) 297 1558. perfusca, Hmpsn 297 1559. oviduca (Guen.) 298 1560. melanopis, Hmpsn 299 1561. orobia (Harv) 299 1562. utahensls (Smith) 300 1563. ochrota (Schaus) 300 1564. obtiisa (Smith) 300 1505. planalis {Grote) 301 1566. agrotiformis(G/-c)/-we) 313 1587. macrolepia (ILnpsn.) . . 314 1588. gigantea (Schaus) .... 315 1589. fiavigora (Guen) 315 1590. fulvida, Druce 31(5 1591. friburgensis ((?««;.) .. 316 1591 a. hueca (Bar7ies) 609 1592. carneigera (Guen.) .... 317 1693. lodebar (Druce) 317 1594. orbica, Hmpsu 318 1595. lanaris (Bull.) 319 169(). moderata (Wlk.) 319 1507. creniilata (ButI) 320 1598. jamaiconei?, Hmpsn. . . 321 SYSTEMATIC INDEX. Eriopyya (c(»i.). Pupfe 1599. braehia, de Jotin 822 IGOO. rhadata (I)ruce) 322 1601. crista ( Wlk.) 323 1602. nicesta ( Wlk.) 324 1603. niveipuncta (Schaus) . . 325 1604. lindi3 Scriptania, Hmpsn 464 1810. syzygia, Hmpsn 464 1811. nordenscjoldi ('/T;H.). . . . 509 1878. inornata {Leech) 510 1879. tangala (Feld.) 510 1880. goniosigiiia, Hmpsn. . . 515 1881. dharma {Moore) 516 1882. rutistrigosa {Moore) . . 516 1883. salebrosa (Butl.) .. 517 1884. ignita, Hmpsn 517 1885. pvrastis, Hmpsn 518 1886. formosana (Butl.) 518 1887. clarescens (Moschl.) .. 519 1888. imperfecta {Smith) 519 1889. velutina (Ev.) 520 1890. comma {Linn.) 520 1891. insueta {Guen.) 521 1892. dia {Grote) 522 1893. diagramma(7)VM.-i>'rt7.-er) 522 1894. bi fasciata (J/ooiv) 523 1895. atrinota, Hmp.';n 523 1896. roseilinea { ll'lk.) 523 1897. polemusa (S)ri//h.) .... 524 1898. Fecta {Herr.-Srhiif.) . . 524 1899. albifasciata, Hmp.^n. . . 525 SYSTEMATIC IN'DEX. Page 1900. abdomiiialis (Moon-) . . 'y2'i 1901. lineatipes {Moore) .... r>25 1902. anteroclara (/Swu'M). . . . 526 1903. oregona (Smith) 526 1904. polysticlia ( Turner) . . 527 1905. rivorum (Gucii.) 527 1900. sarcistis, Hmpsn 527 1907. calgai-iana {Smith) 528 1908. .sarcopbtea, Hvipsn 528 1909. jaliscana (Schans) .... 528 1910. polystrota, Hmpxn 529 1911. micros ticba, Hmpsn. . . 529 1912. palliseca {Sjiiith) 529 1918. bumidicola (Gmm.) .... 530 1914. insulieola {Guen.) .... 531 1915. compta {Moore) 531 1916. meoaproctis, Hinpsn. . . 532 1917. juncicola {Gum.) 532 1918. microgouia, Ilmpsn. . . 533 1919. riparia (Ramh.) 533 1920. deserticola (Bnrtel) 534 1921. insecuta ( Wlk. ) 534 1922. postica ( Wilem.) 535 1923. sinuosa {Mooi-e) 535 1924. andereggi (L'oisd.) 536 1925. lineata {Hv.) 536 1926. alboradiata, Rmp.m. . . 536 1927. pblebitis {l'iln', Hmpsn 573 2004. persecta, Hmpsn 574 2005. melanopasta ( 7'H>7/rv) . . .574 2006. niicropis, Hmpsn 574 2607. cupveata, Hn,psn 575 2008. bilineata, Hmpsn 575 2009. .sesamiodes, Hmpsn. . . 575 SYSTEMATIC INDEX.. 3Icliana, Curt fuV) '2i)\0. poctiiiata, Hnqhm oTH 2011, nibripennis {Ovate S; Roh.) 577 2012. flammea (Curt.) 578 20 lo. longipeiniis, Hmpsn. . . 578 2014. vana {Siviiih.) .''BO 2015. atrifura, Ihrqisn 580 201(5. exsul ( Wik.) 580 2017. vittata {Hmpsn.) 581 2018. sarca {Hmpm.) 581 2019. scotti (Butl.) 582 2020. curvilinea {Hmpsn.) . . 582 2021. uniformis (Moore) 583 2022. albilinea {Hiibn.) 583 2023. suffusa (Schaus) 584 2024. limitata (*;«/M) 585 2025. stolata (S^nith) 586 2026. patricia {Grote) 585 2027. bicolorata (Grate) 586 2028. bertha, Schaus 586 2029. rosea (Moschl.) 586 2030. niveicosta (Smith) 587 2031. tenebra, Hmpsn 587 2032. citronelk (/S'wjiV/0 588 2033. rubra, Hinpsn 588 PfinfO 2034. piviogracilis (Grotc) .... 588 Zostero])oda, Grote 588 2035. hiitipes, Grote 589 Leucania, Ochs 590 2036. ceraunias (Meyr.) 590 2037. dione (Hudson) 590 2038. toroueura, Mei/r 591 2039. iinica, Wlk 591 2040. dunedinensis (Butl.) . . 591 2041. seniivittata, W/k 592 2042. blenheimeiisis, Frdi/. . . 592 2043. sulcaua, Frdi/ 593 2044. littoralis, Curt 594 2045. f avicolor, Barrett 595 2046. rubripallons, Smith 595 2047. fuligiuosa (Haw.) 596 20-lS. oxjgalii (Grate) 597 2049. albiradiosa, Uv 597 2050. minorata, Smith 597 2051. straminea, Treit 598 2052. palleiis (Linn.) 598 2053. impuncta, Gium 599 2054. obsoleta (Hnhn.) 599 2055. pudovina (Schif) 600 2056. lanp-uida, Staud 601 2057. niveilinea (Schaus) .... 601 CATALOGUE LEPIDOPTERA PHALiENiE. Family NOCTUID^E. Subfamily HADENIN^. Proboscis usually well-developed, sometimes aborted ; palpi usually short, upturned or porrect ; frons often with rounded prominence with corneous plate below it, or with corneous processes of various forms ; eyes hairy, sometimes overhung by long cilia ; antennae usually ciliated, often pectinated or serrate ; thorax clothed with hair and scales when there are usually crests on the pro- and metathorax or a ridge-like dorsal crest, or clothed with hair only ; tibise without spines, the fore tibia I'arely with terminal spine ; the proximal joints of fore tarsi sometimes with curved claw-like spines ; abdomen usually with series of dorsal crests or one crest at base. Wings usually broad, the termen rounded or crenulate, rarely slightly angled at middle ; fore wing with vein 1 a weak, not anastomosing with 1 6, 1 c absent ; 2 from middle of cell ; 3 and 5 from near lower angle ; (5 from ujjper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole, in Erana with 7, 8, 9 stalked ; 10 from cell. Hind wing with veins la & h present, 1 c absent ; 3, 4 from lower angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from or from just below middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle or shortly stalked ; 8 arising free, then bent down and touching the cell, then again diverging. VOL. V. B ? .2 c ^5* R e O •« 5 « « o 'g ■ In several genera the males often have secondary sexual tufts of hair or fans of scales on thorax, legs, or abdomen, and in the genus Eriopyga patches of androconia on the wings of very diverse forms ; in Cirphis the underside is sometimes clothed with silvery metallic scales. The species of the genus Monima all appear in the early spring. Larva smooth, the warts with 1 hair; all the prolegs present, the 12th somite with more or less developed dorsal hump. In the ffarmodia -grou^ of Polia the larvae all feed on CaryophyUacece, Silene, Lychnis, Dicmtlws, etc., mostly in the seed-pods, and the females have the ovipositor long and exserted for penetrating the tissues of the plants ; in Leucania and allied genera the larvae all feed on Graminece. Key to the Genera. A. Eyes small, reniform. a. Thorax clothed with hair and hair-like scales ... Anakta, p. 37. h. Thorax clothed with hair only Panolis, p. 461. B. Eyes large, rounded. a. Fore tibia with terminal claw. a^. Frons with rounded prominence with corneous plate below it Thargeua, p. 220. b^. Frons without prominence. a-. Abdomen with dorsal series of crests Barathea, p. 11. b-. Abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st segment only Hypobarathka, p. 221. b. Fore tibia without terminal claw. a'. Fore tarsus with long curved claw-like spines on outer side of 1st joint. a^. Fore tibia with spine on outer side near extremity Conisania, p. 472. b^. Fore tibia without spine. a^. Frons with truncate conical prominence with vertical ridge at middle and corneous plate below it Pronotestha, p. 224. P. Frons with truncate conical prominence with corneous plate below it. a^. Proboscis aborted, minute Aglossestra, p. 225. /)'. Proboscis fully developed. a\ Frontal prominence occupying lower part of frons Epia, p. 226. 6'. Frontal prominence reniform, in middle of frons Cardepia, p. 234. c'. Frons with rounded prominence with- cor- neous plate below it TiucitocLEA, p. 236. (P. Frons without prominence. a'. Eyes overhung by long cilia Lasianobia, p. 274. b2 KOCTUID^. b*. Eyes not. overluiiig by cilia. a^. Thorax clothed with hair aud hair-like scales and with spreading crests Manobia, p. 276. b^. Thorax clothed with hair only and without crests Thysetica, p. 444. !**. Fore tarsus with short thick claws on ] st three joints ; frons with rounded prominence with curved corneous plate below it from middle of frons and a plate below frons produced to lateral wings Omychestra, p. 223. r^ Fore tarsus without claw-like spines on outer side of Ist joint. , a^. Eyes overhung by long cilia. a^. Proboscis aborted, minute Triciiopolia, p. 3(il. b'^. Proboscis fully developed, w*. Tegulie dorsally produced into a ridge. «\ Abdomen with dorsal series of crests Pomodestra, p. 359. 6\ Abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st segment only. «". Palpi fringed with long hair in front ... Stretchia, p. 363. ¥'. Palpi f ringed with short hair in front ... HvnKOiCioDES, p. 253. b^. Tegulffi not produced into a ridge, rt'. Abdomen with dorsal series of crests. a". Thorax clothed chiefly with scales. a^. Thorax with ridge-shaped dorsal crest. Tuyrestra, p. 6. b'' . Thorax with spreading crests Tricuestra, p. 8. b^. Thorax clothed with hair and hair-like scales Lasionycta, p. 53. c". Thorax clothed with hair only Lasiestra, p. 47. ¥. Abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st segment only ScRiPTANiA, p. 404. c\ Abdomen without dorsal crests Strigania, p. 466. 1r. Eyes not overhung by long cilia, a'. Proboscis aborted, minute, a*. Abdomen witli dorsal crest on 1st segment, a'. Frons with disk-shaped prominence with central truncate prominence Aspidifrontia, p. 450. i\ Fruns with rounded prominence with corneous plate below it Odontei-ia, p. 219. c'. Frons without prominence. a'^. Pro- and metatliorax with spreading crests TiioLERA, p. 216. b*^. Pro- and metathorax without crests Britiiys, p. 447. //. Abdomen without dorsal crest. a\ Frons \\\\\\ disk-shaped prominence with central truncate process Metopiora, p. 452. i''. Frons with prominence with lateral walls and roughened or convoluted centre Diaphone, p, 453. c''. Frons with rounded roughened promi- nence with corneous plate below it. «". Head and thorax clothed chiefly with scales PoEYTELonE.s, p. 454. //. Head and thorax clothed with hair only PoLYTEi/A, p. 456. d''. Frons without prominence Xanthopasti.s, p. 458. b^. Proboscis fully developed. «'. Frons with truncate conical prominence. a'. Abdomen with dorsal series of crests. «". Frons with semilunar corneous promi- nence Discestra, p. 14. J", Frons with circular prominence Craterestua, p. 17. HADENIN^. i 6'. Abdomen witli dorsal crest on 1st segment only, a". Thorax clothed with liair and liair-like scales ; palpi with the ord joint short . Grapiiania, p. 488. 6". Thorax clothed with hair onlj' ; palpi with the 3rd joint long and dilated at extremity Palponima, p. 432. 6*. Frons with rounded prominence excised below above the corneous phite TuicnoRiiiZA, p. 13. C*. Frons with sliglit rounded prominence with corneous plate below it. a'. Abdomen with dorsal series of crests, a^. Head and thorax clothed chiefly with scales. a''. Palpi upturned, the 3rd joint long ... Catepiiiodbs, p. 36. h''. Palpi oblique, the 3rd joint short Scotogeamma, p. 25. b^. Head and thorax clothed with hair and hair-like scales Dasygaster, p. 473. i\ Abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st segment only. a^. Thorax clotlied chiefly with scales. a~. Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head Nbphelistis, p. 250. b''. Palpi short, oblique Odontestra, p. 205. b^. Thorax clothed with hair and hair-like scales. «'. Tegulae dorsally produced into a ridge. Peesbctania, p. 386. b'^. TeguliE not dorsally produced into a ridge Hadula, p. 243. c'. Abdomen without dorsal crest Meliana, p. 576. d^. Frons without prominence. a\ Tegulte dorsally produced into a ridge. a*^. Abdomen with dorsal series of crests ... Moertsonia, p. 336. b''\ Abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st seg- ment only, a^. Thorax with dorsal ridge-like crest ... Perigrapiia, p. 403. b''. Pro- and metathorax with spreading crests Xylomania, p. 389. c®. Abdomen without dorsal crest Monima, p. 409. P. Tegulaj not produced into a ridge. a^. Thorax clothed chiefly with scales. a'. Abdomen with dorsal series of crests. a'^. Fore wing narrow ; veins 7, 8, 9 stalked Erana, p. 7. h'^. Fore wing broad, triangular ; vein 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole Polia, p. GO. 6'. Abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st seg- ment only Hahe-va, p. 20S. i". Thorax clothed wicn hair and hair-like scales, sometimes with a few scales on upper edge of patagia. cf. Abdomen with dorsal series of crests, a**. Prothorax with triangular ridge-like crest TiRACOLA, p. 257. b"*. Prothorax with spreading crest PACnBTRA, p. 203. b''. Abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st seg- ment only, a'*. Palpi with the 3rd joint long and porrect Proteinania, p. 290. ) NOCTUIDJi;. 6*. Palpi with the 3rd joint short, a". Prothorax with dorsal ridge-likc crest ., CnABUATA, p. 2')0. 6". Prothorax with spreading crest. a^". Thorax clothed chielly with hair- like scales Hyssia, p. 278. i'". Thorax clothed almost entirely with hair Cirphis, p. 478. fp. Abdomen without dorsal orests. a."*. Thorax clothed chiefly witli hair-like scales; fore wing with the termen erect, rounded Eriopyga, p. 291. b^. Thorax clothed almost entirely with hair ; fore wing with the termen obliquely curved Bouolia, p. 555. c". Thorax clothed with hair only, a'^. Abdomen with dorsal series of crests. «■*. Pro- and metathorax with spreading crests Nepiielodes, p. 356. h'^. Pro- and metathorax without crests... ADAPiiyENUKA, p. 460. b''. Abdomen with dorsal crest on Ist seg- ment only, o*. Palpi with the 3rd joint long and dilated at extremity Clavipalpula, p. 433. J^. Palpi with the 3rd joint short, a". Thorax with dorsal ridge-like crest... Peeigonica, p. 434. b". Prothorax with divided crest Tmetolophota, p. 470. e". Prothorax with spreading crest Sideridis, p. 436. d^. Thorax without distinct crests, a'". Fore wing with the apex produced and acute Ceeamica, p. 446. a^°. Fore wing with the apex truncate . Cekapteryx, p. 462. c''. Abdomen without dorsal crests. a**. Palpi with the 3rd joint long Zosteeopoda, p. 588. b'^. Palpi with the 3rd joint short. , a^. Fore wing with the apex not produced, the termen rounded Eriopygodes, p. 353. i". Fore wing with the apex produced and acute, the termen obliquely curved Leucania. p. 590. Genus THYRESTRA, nov. Type, T, hyalopliora. Proboscis i'uUy developed ; palpi upturned, fringed with hair in front, the 3rd joint porrect ; frons smooth ; eyes large, round, overhung by long cilia ; aatenna> of male almost simple; head and thorax clothed with rough scales, the prothorax with ridge-like dorsal crest, the metathorax with crest ; abdomen with dorsal series of crests, paired lateral tufts of very long white hair ])ro- trusible from the lateral stigmata of male. Fore wing i-ather long and narrow, the apex produced and the termen oblique ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only ; male with a patch of hyaline membrane in, below, and beyond cell. 1127. Thyrestra hyalopliora. E^.iplcxia hyalopliora, Hmpsn. J. Bomb. N. H. Soc. si. p. 442 (1897). fS , liead and thorax olive-green mixed with rufous and dark THYRESTRA. — ERANA. 7 brovrn ; palpi blackish at sides ; abdomen rufous, the crests and anal tuft green, the ventral surface whitish irrorated with black. Fore wing olive-green, the area just before the anteraedial line and the medial area suffused with brown ; the subbasal line represented by double black striic from costa and cell ; antomedial line double, filled in with green, oblique from costa to vein 1, then incurved ; claviform very indistinctly defined by black ; orbicular and reni- form green, defined by white at sides, oblique oblong and almost forming a V-shaped mark ; postraedial line double, filled in with green, strongly bent outwards below costa, straight to vein 4, then Fig. 2. — Thijresira Itijalophom, (^ . \, oblique and bent outwards to inner margin, some violaceous beyond it except towards costa and inner margin, followed by some brown and slight black streaks on the veins and some pale points on costa ; subterminal line pale, angled outwards at vein 7, dentate at veins 4, 3, and bent outwards to tornus, the area beyond it suffused with brown ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia brown inter- sected with whitish. Hind wing brown, with a largo hyaline patch in, below, and beyond lower part of cell ; cilia pale, with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown ; a black spot at upper angle of cell, a sinuous postmedial line obsolete at middle, and some terminal lunules. Hub. Assam, Khasis, 1 S type. Exp. 32 raillim. Genus ERANA. Type. Erana, Wlk. xi. 605 (1857) graminosa. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned and fringed with hair; frons smooth ; eyes large, rounded ; antenntc of male almost simple ; head and thorax clothed with rough scales, pro- and nietathorax with spreading crests ; tibiie fringed with hair; abdomen with dorsal crests on proximal segments and lateral fringes of hair, the claspers of male large. Fore wing narrow, tlie termen obliquely rounded ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell, vein .5 slender ; the upper discocellular absent ; 6 from upper angle of cell ; 7, 8, 0 stalked; 10, 11 from cell ; male with a fringe of very long hair below basal half of costa on underside. Hind wing of male very broad, tlie costal area greatly expanded and lobcd ; veins 3,4 from angle of cell ; the disoocelhilars and vein 5 almost obsolete ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with liie coll near base only. NOCTUID.T:. 1128. Erana graminosa. Erana graminosa, Wlk. xi. 605 (1857). Emna vigens, Wlk. xxxiii. 743 (1865). d . Head and thorax golden green ; tegulae with rather darker medial line ; tibise and tarsi with dark bands ; abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged with fuscous, the crests reddish, Foi'e wing golden sap-green sparsely irrorated with black ; subbasal line represented by double black strioe from costa and cell, the antemedial line by double black strise from costa and from submedian fold to inner margin ; claviform and orbicular absent : traces of a waved medial line ; reniform pale greenish, slightly defined by black and with brown spot on its lower part ; postmedial line double, bent out- wards below costa, exourved to vein 4, then strongly angled Pig. 3. — Erana graminosa, J' . \. inwards in submedian fold and excurved again, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line diffused, pale, oblique from costa to vein 7, excurved at middle and angled inwards in sub- median fold ; a terminal series of pale and dark strite. Hind wino- red suffused with fuscous brown, leaving the termen green from costa to vein 2 ; a terminal series of brown striae ; the underside with the basal half pale, an indistinct curved postmedial line. 5 . Hind wing witli less green on termen. Hah. New Zealand {J. J. Wall-er), 1 . 24 millim. BAKATHRA. 11 Genus BARATHRA. ,„ ^ Type. Barafhra, Hiibn. Verz. p. 218 (1827) brassicce. Copimamestra, Grote, A. M.N. H. (5) xi. p. 54 (1881^) hransicce. Proboscis fully develcpecl ; palpi obliquely upturned, the 2ncl joint fringed ■with hair, the ^rd short; frons smooth; eyes large, round, not ciliated; anteniite of male minutely ciliated ; tibia; fringed with hair, the fore tibia with long curved claw on outer side ; head and thorax clothed with hair and scales, the pro- and uietathorax with spreading crests ; abdomen with doi'sal series of crests, the one on basal segment large. Fore wing with the termen crenulate ; veins 3, .5 from close to angle of cell ; (5 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anasto- mosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from just below middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with cell near base. A. Fore wing with the subterminal line prominently defined by whitish on inner side conjigurata. B. Fore wing with the subterminal line not defined by whitish on inner side. a. Fore wing with the orbicular indistinct and ill-defined ... cvrialis. b. Fore wing with the orbicular distinctly defined by black... brassies. 1132. Barathra configurata. Mamestra configurata, Wlk. ix. 234 (1856) ; Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 272, pi.' 26. f. 20. Copimmmstra occidenta, Grote, A. M. N. H. (5) xi. p. 54 (1883) ; Smith, Cat. JN'oct. N. Am. p. 113. Head and thorax dark brown mixed with grey ; tarsi with whitish rings ; abdomen grey-brown, the dorsal crests darker. Fore wing grey-brown irrorated with fuscous, the inner area and the area just before subterminal line pale olive-brown; a small white-tipped dark fan of scales at base ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antcmedial line double, waved, nearly erect ; claviform rather small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by black, the former irregularly rounded, with brown centre and jjale annulus, the latter with brownish centre and white- spotted annulus; postniedial line indistinct, double, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line strong, wliite, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3, some black stria; belbre it on the olive band, especially between veins 3 and 1, the area beyond it with blackish streaks in the interspaces; a terminal series of black lunulos ; cilia blackish, with white line at base and intersected with white. Hind wing whitish, the veins and terminal area fuscous brown ; a dark terminal line ; cilia whitish, with brown line near base ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, Denver, 1 2 , Durango (Oslar), 1 d" , 3 2 5 J^cw Mexico ; ]\Ikxico (Doiibledaij), 1 S type, Mexico City (Hocge), 1 $, Godman-Salvin Coll, Kqi. 40-44 millim. 12 NOCTUID^. 1133, Barathra curialis. (Plate XC. fig. 1.) p. 470 (1887); Coynmamestra curialis, Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus, Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 113. 2 . Dark fuscous. Fore wing with the basal and postmedial areas tinged with reddish, also the discal fold iu medial area ; the ante- medial inner area with a faint greenish tinge ; subbasal line double, indistinct, interrupted ; antemedial line erect, hardly trace- able ; claviform defined by black ; orbicular almost obsolete, very faintly defined ; reniform moderate, white, with irregular dark central lunule and black outline ; postmedial line single, black, strongly dentate, bent outwards belosv costa and incurved below vein 4 ; postmedial area paler than ground-colour, with dark striation and irroration, darker towards costa ; subterminal line whitish, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; terminal area with pale irroration, a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing fuscous, darker towards termen ; the under- side grey with darker irroration, a discoidal spot and postmedial line. Hah. Canada, Orilla (Btish), 1 $ ; U.S.A., Maine, Kittery Point, New Hampshire, Franconia. Exj). 43 millim. , 1134. Barathra brassicae. Noctua brassies, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 516 (1758) ; Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 88 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 37, pi. 102. f. 5 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 194 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 156. Nocfua albidilinea. Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 191 (1809) ; Steph. 111. Brit. Eut., Haust. ii. p. 195. Mamestra andalusica, Staud. Cat. p. 90 (1871). Mamesfra decolorata, Staud. Stett. eut. Zeit. 1889, p. 34. Mamestra scotochroma, Kober, Iris, i. p. 340, pi. 12. f. 13 (1884). Mamestra straminea, Failla, Nat. Sic. x. p. 30, pi. 1. f. 5 (1890). Head and thorax dark brown mixed with grey ; tarsi black with whitish rings ; abdomen grey-brown, with the dorsal crests darker. Fig. 5. — Barathra hrassic(B, cf. \. Fore wing dark brown irroratcd with grey, a rufous tinge in discal and submedian folds and above inner margin before antemedial line ; a small dark white-tipped fan of scales at base ; the sub- basal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; the BARATHRA, TP.ICHORniZA. 13 antemedial line double, waved, nearly erect ; claviform defined by black, short ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by black, the former round, the latter with white spots on its inner and outer sides, or wholly filled in with whitish ; a waved medial shade angled outwards on median nervure ; postmedial line dentate and produced to points on the veins, double towards costa, bent out- wards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; siibterminal line white, dentate outwards at veins 7, 4, 3, the area beyond it rather darker ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia intersected with whitish. Hind wing brown, paler towards base ; a slight whitish mark on vein 2 near termen ; cilia wliite, with brown line through them ; the underside ochreous white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and waved postmedial line. Ab. 1, scotochroma. Melanic. Ab. 2. andalusica. Paler, the fore wing yellowish grey and without rufous tinge. — S. Europe. Ab. 3. decoJoraia. Much paler, fore wing whitish grey. — W. Turkestan. JIah. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France, Leech Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Leech Colls. ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; Spain; Italy; Sicily; NoRAVAY, Zeller Coll.; Kussia; Armenia; Asia Minor, Bithynia, Pontus ; Persia ; W. Turkestan, Fergana, Issyk-kul ; Siberia ; Amtjrland, Blagoveschensk, 6 J , Ussuri ; L^^pan, Hakodate, 1 cJ , Yokohama {Jonas, Fryer), G cj' , 1 $ , Tokio (Maries), 1 (^ , 1 2 ; W. China, Chia-kou-ho (Pratt), 1 c? , Wa-ssu-kou, 1 (^ , Pu-tsu-fang, 1 (S ; Kashmir, Xarkundah (McArthur), 2 S -, Nubra (McArthur), 1 d", Scind Valley (Leech), 1 §, Goorais Valley (Leech), 1 .^ ; Punjab, Kulu, Sultanpur (G. Young), 2 c? , Thundiani (Yerhury), ] c? > 2 2 , Simla (SwinJioe), 1 c? , Dalhousie, 1 § , Dharmsala (Hoclinq), 2 cJ, 1 $; Tibet, Yatung (LJobson), 1 §. E.vj^. 40-52 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 8G ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 210, pi. 160. f. 2. Brown to dull green, sometimes marked with blackish ; dorsal line dark ; spiraeular line yellowish ; somite 1 1 dorsally humped ; head yellowish brown with dark markings. Food-plants : Lirassica, liumex, Che^iopodium, etc. 6-9. Genus TRICHORHIZA, nov. Type, T. peferseiii. Proboscis liiUy developed ; palpi upturned, the 2nd joint fringed with liair in front ; t'rons with rounded prominence excised below, above the corneous plate ; antenna; of n)ale ciliated ; head and thorax clothed chiel3y w ith scales, the prothorax with divided cres^t ; abdomen with dorsal series ot crests. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; (> Ironi u])per angle ; !• from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell, llind w'ing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; /> obsolescent from middle of discocellulurs ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with cell uear base only. 14 noctcidj:. 1135. Trichorhiza peterseni. Hhhogmmma peterseni, Clii-ist. Rom. Mem. iii. p. 76, pi. iv. f. 3 (1887) ; Stand. Oat. Lep. pal. p. 183. S . Head and thorax grey mixed with brown ; tegulce brown at tips ; abdomen grey irrorated Avith brown. Fore wing grey irrorated with reddish brown ; subbasal line represented by brown striag from costa and median nervure ; a black streak with slight brown suffusion below it below the cell from base to the antcmedial line, which is indistinct and angled outwards in submedian fold and above inner margin ; claviform defined by a slight brown line above ; orbicular and reniform small, defined by brown, the former oblique elliptical ; postmedial line unusually near termen, very minutely waved, double, slightly bent outwards below costa, Fig. 6. — Trichorhua peterseni, J. f. oblique to vein 5, then inwardly oblique ; subterminal line angled outwards at vein 7, retracted to postmedial line at vein 5, dentate to termen at veins 4, 3, then retracted to postmedial line at sub- median fold, the area beyond it brown except at apex and inner margin ; a lunulate terminal black line ; cilia intersected with whitish, Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas slightly irrorated with brown, a postmedial series of points on the Veins. Hab. W. Turkestan, Turcomania, 1 c5' , Issyk-kul ; "W. Siberia, Altai, 1 (5 ; E. Turkestan, Kuldja, 1 c? • J^^rp. 38 millim. Genus DISCESTRA, nov. Type, B. chart aria. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the 2nd joint fringed with hair in front ; frons witb seiuilunate corneous prominence with raised edges ; a corneous plate below frons; eyes large, rounded; antenna; of male ci hated ; head and thorax clothed chiefly with seale.<, the pro- and nietathorax with divided crests ; abdomen with doi-sal series of crests. Fore wing with veins 3, f^ from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 ana.sto- mosing with 8 to ibrin the areole ; 11 from cell. Hmd wing with veins 3, 4 from ano-le of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. di.scj:stka. 15 A. Fore wing with the ground-colour whitish ; the claviform large, filled in with brown. a. Fore wing white, slightly tinged with yellowish florida. b. Fore wing whitish, distinctly tinged with brown chartaria. B. Fore wing tinged with ochreous ; the claviform small, not filled in with brown. a. Fore wing with the reniforni defined by black below .. eremislis. b. Fore wing with the reniform not defined by black below ... arena-ria. *l\m. Discestra florida. (Plate LXXXVI. tig. 1.) Mamestra florida, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxii. p. 465 (1900) ; Dyar, C&£. Lap. N. Am. p. 156. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen white, slightly irroratcd with yellowish and fuscous scales. Fore wing white, slightly irrorated with yellowish and fuscous scales ; subbasal line represented by double black striae from costa to median nervnre ; antemedial line double, black, angled outwards in submedian fold and excurved below vein 1 ; claviform moderate, filled in with black ; orbicular a very small black annulus ; reniform filled in with black, ill- defined ; median shade oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, then less distinct ; postmedial line double, the inner dentate, the . outer even, excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved ; sub- terminal line white, defined by fuscous on inner side and with blackish patches before it at costa and discal fold, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of blackish lunules. Hind wing white, a punctiform postmedial line, difi'iised subterminal band, and terminal line fuscous. Hah. U.S.A., Florida, Biscayne Bay. Exji. 32 millira. This species is unknown to me ; figured from a drawing from type in U.S. Nat. Mus. 1137. Discestra chartaria. Mamestra chartaria, Grote, Bull. Buff". Soc. Nat. Sci. i. p. liiS, pi. iv. f. 12 (1873) ; Smith, Cat. Nuct. N. Am. p. 122. S . Head and thorax white mixed with brown ; tegitUx; with black medial line ; patagia with black line near upper edge ; tarsi Fig. 7. — Disceaira chartaria, (^ . \. with black bands ; abdomen ochreous white, dorsally suffused with brown. Fore wing white, more or less strongly irrorated and suff'uscd with pale reddish brown and fuscous ; subbiisal line double, waved, from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line doulilo, waved. 10 KOCTUIDiE. oblique; claviforra well developed, brown defined by black; or- bicular and reniform defined by black, the former elongate elliptical, incompletely defined, the latter with its lower part or almost entirely filled in with black ; a curved, waved, medial line ; postmedial line dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line white, defined by dark marks on inner side, dentate, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle and to tornus, a dark patch beyond it in discal fold ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia chequered ochreous and fuscous. Hind wing white ; the vjeins and terminal area suff'used with fuscous brown ; a terminal series of dark lunules ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas slightly irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and postmedial series of stria) on the veins showing through to upperside. Hah. U.S.A., Washington, Colorado, California, 2 c5' l^ype. Exp. 38 millim. 1138. Discestra eremistis. (Plate LXXVIII. fig. 24.) Mamestra eremistis, Piing. Soc. Ent. xix, p. 130 (1904). c? . Grey-white tinged with brown and mixed with fuscous ; patagia with a few black scales near upper edge ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen whitish irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing whitish, tinged with reddish brown and slightly irrorated with black ; subbasal line represented by double black strise from costa and cell ; antemedial line with double black striiE at costa, then indistinct, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 ; hardly a trace of a minute claviform ; orbicular and reniform large, whitish, very ill-defined, the former round, the latter prominently defined by black below ; medial line represented by a dark striga from costa, then indistinct, oblique ; postmedial line with double black strife at costa, bent outwards below costa, dentate, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, defined on inner side by minute dentate fuscous marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing white tinged with fuscous, especially on the, veins and terminal area ; an indistinct sinuous postmedial line ; cilia white ; the underside white slightly irrorated with black, a discoidal lunula and some small lunules on termen. Ab. 1. Whiter and less tinged with brown. — Hi. JJab. W. Turkestan, Merv, type t in Coll. Piingeler, Transcaspia, 1 (5 ; E, Turkestan, Hi. Exjj. 32-38 millim. 1139. Discestra arenaria, n. sp. (Plate LXXVIII. fig. 25.) Head whitish ; thorax and abdomen whitish tinged with pale ochreous brown ; tarsi ringed with fuscous. Fore wing whitish, tinged with pale ochreous brown and irrorated with fuscous ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line indistinct, double, waved ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; CRATERESTEA. 17 orbicular and reniform moderate, with fuscous centres defined by- black, the former round ; traces of a medial line ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, escurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa; subterminal line pale, slightly defined by fuscous, minutely waved, angled outwards at vein 7, slightly dentate on veins 4, 3, and bent outwards to tornus ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing white, the veins and termen tinged with brown ; some dark terminal points : the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated with brown, a small black discoidal spot. Hah. SiND, Karachi (Swinhoe), 2 c? , 1 $ , type. Ex2). 30-32 miUim. Genus CRATERESTRA, nov. Type, C. hicina. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the 2nd joint fringed with hair in front, the 3rd moderate, oblique ; frons with truncate, conical, corneous prominence with corneous plate below it ; eyes large, rounded ; antennte ciliated ; head and thorax clothed with scales and hair, the pro- and meta- thorax with spreading crests; tibijE fringed with rather long hair; abdomen with dorsal series of crests and lateral fringes of hair. Fore wing with veins 3 and .'i from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. A. Fore wing with the medial area darker than the ground- colour. a. Fore wing with the pale postmedial area extending to inner side of the postmedial line and obscuring the reniform . lucina. h. Fore wing with the pale postmedial area not extending to inner side of the postmedial line. o}. Fore wing with whitish annuli to the stigmata. d^. Fore wing with subterminal series of wliite points... niveopicta. b"^. Fore wing without subterminal series of white points terranea. h^. Fore wing without whitish annuli to stigmata media. B. Fore wing with the medial area not darker than the ground-colour. a. Fore wing with the orbicular oblique ; veins 4, 3 defined by dentate whitish marks extending to near termen. «'. Fore wing with the ground-colour brownish ... hoplifes. fA. Fore wing with the ground-colour whitish yacima. b. Fore wing with the orbicular round ; veins 4, 3 nut defined by dentate white marks. a'. Fore wing with the orbicular indistinct. a^. Fore wing with the costal area wiiiti.sh. a^. Fore wing with the inner area whitish bifaxcia. P. Fore wing with the inner area not whitish albicoata. b'^. Fore wing with the costal area not whitisli subterminata. h^. Fore wing with the orbicular well-defined. a^. Fore wing without rufous streaks in discal and submedian folds. a*. Fore wing with the inner and postmedial areas pale brown semifusca. b^. Fore wing with the inner and postmedial areas concolorous suhrelata. h'^. Fore wing with rufous streaks in discal and sub- median folds dejhiiens. VOL. V. C 18 NOCTUIDJ;;. 1 140. Craterestra lucina. Stibera lucina, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 296, pi, 27. f.27 (1889). Head and thorax red-brown mixed with whitish ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen red-brown, dorsally suffused with black. Foi'e wing pale grey-browu suffused in parts with purplish brown, the area between the antemedial and medial lines strongly suffused ; a double, waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a double antemedial line angled outwards below costa, then strongly excurved ; claviform defined by black, very short and broad ; orbicular and reniform with pale brownish centres and grey annuli, the former defined by black, rather pointed above and dilated below, the latter very indistinct ; a waved medial line ; postmedial line indistinct, double, minutely dentate, bent outwards below Fig. 8. — Cratcredra lucina, J. }• costa and strongly incurved below vein 4, some pale points on costa beyond it ; subtermiual line pale, defined on inner side by a series of slight dark marks, and with some fuscous suffusion beyond it; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the underside ochreous whitish irrorated with dark brown, the basal area suffused with fuscous except towards costa, a black discoidal lunule, a diffused fuscous subterminal band. Hah. Mexico, Tabasco, Jalapa (TrujiUo), 1 $, Teapa (FT. If. Smith), 1 (3*, type, Godman-Salvin Coll. E.i'23., d 36, 2 40 millim. 1141. Craterestra niveopicta. (Plate LXXVIII. fig. 26.) Perigea niveopicta, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1882, p. 124, J. Periffea florinda, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1882, p. 125, d". Head and thorax purplish brown mixed with some black, some of the scales tipped with grey ; tarsi black with whitish rings ; abdomen brown, whitish at base. Fore wing brown irrorated with black and grey, and with a purplish gloss ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to vein 1, but interrupted in cell : antemedial line double, irregularly waved, oblique ; claviform short and broad, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and white annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter open above and below and with some blackish streaks from it to post- medial line ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line defined CRATERESTRA. 19 by grey on outer side, dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of minute black streaks with white points on them ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area broadly suffused with brown, in female wholly suffused with brown ; cilia white with a brown line at base ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, in female uniformly irrorated, a black discoidal lunule and minutely waved postmedial line. Hab. Chili (Edmonds), 1 c5' , 2 5 , type and type florlnda. Exp. 32-36 millim. 1142. Craterestra terranea. (Plate LXXVIII. fig. 27.) Perigea terranea, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1882, p. 123. (S . Head and thorax pale reddish brown mixed with black, some of the scales tipped with grey ; palpi blackish at sides ; tarsi black with pale rings ; abdomen pale brown. Fore wing reddish brown irrorated with black ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to vein 1, but interrupted at cell; a double, waved, oblique antemedial line ; claviform short and broad, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former round, the latter open above and below and with slight dark streaks from it to postmedial line ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line arising from double black striae on costa, bent outwards below costa, then minutely dentate and defined by grey on outer side, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of small ochreous and black dentate marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing whitish ; the veins and terminal areas suffused with brown with a yellowish gloss ; cilia whitish, with a brown line at base ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and postmedial line on costal half. IJah. Chili {Edmonds), 1 S type. Exj). 34 millim. 1143. Craterestra media. (Plate LXXVIII. fig. 28.) Hadena media, Wlk. xi. 7.^6 (1857) ; Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 19i). Apamea latlfasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 34.5. Apamea viriata, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 450. Head and thorax red-brown mixed with black or fnscous brown ; tegulae with medial black line ; tarsi with ochreous rings ; abdomen ochreous brown. Fore wing fuscous brown, the area below the cell before the antemedial line and the postmedial area except towards costa ochreous more or less tinged with l)rown ; a waved subbasal line from costa to submediau fold ; antemedial line defined by ochreous on inner side, waved, strongly angled outwards above inner margin ; claviform moderate, defined by black and with some c2 20 NOCTUID^. blackish between it and postmedial line : orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former round ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmedial line dentate, indistinctly double, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; subterminal lino pale, defined on inner side by a series of slight dentate rufous marks, angled oiitwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3, the area beyond it dark except at apex ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia intersected with rufous. Hind wing white or ochreous white, the veins and terminal area more or less tinged with fuscous ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with fuscous, a postmedial series of slight dark streaks on the veins. Hah. Mashon ALAND, Salisbury {Marshall), 1 S ; Punjab, Kulu, Sultaupore {G. Young), 2 (5* , 2 $ , Dharmsala (Hocking), 1 $, Jubbulpore, 2 5 , Manpuri, 1 5 » type latifasciata ; Bombay, Poena (Sivinhoe)mi. 5 , type viriata ; Canaea ( Ward), 1 c? type ; Nilgiris {Hampsonf, 4 c^ ; Burma, Mandalay (Bingham), 1 5 ■> Thayetmyo, (Watson), 1 2 • ^^T- 34-36 millim. 1144. Craterestra hoplites. (Plate LXXVIII. fig. 29.) Mamestra hoplites, Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 160 (1901). Head and thorax grey mixed with reddish brown and black ; frons with black bar ; tegulie and patagia edged with black, the former with medial black line ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing greyish, almost entirely suffused with pale red-brown ; subbasal line represented by oblicjue black striae from costa and cell, interrupting a black streak below base of cell ; an oblique black streak from inner margin before the antemedial line, which is double, very strongly angled inwards on median nervure and vein ], and outwards in submedian fold and above inner margin ; claviform defined by black, very large, and extending to postmedial line ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and white annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, open above ; the terminal halves of median nervure and vein 1 above and vein 3 on both sides defined by white streaks ; postmedial line double, somewhat dentate, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold to the reniform, incurved below vein 4, some whitish points beyond it on costa ; the veins of terminal area streaked with black ; subterminal line represented by some whitish streaks on each side of veins towards costa, dentate to termen on veins 4, 3, and defined on inner side by dentate black marks below costa and middle ; cilia brown, intersected with white. Hind wing pale suffused with brown, the terminal half fuscous brown with a pale mark above tornus ; the underside brownish white, a discoidal point and waved postnaedial line. Hah. Russia, Urals ; W. Turkestan, Turcomania, Tekke, 1 6 , 1 $ . E.rp. 34 millim. CRATERESTRA. 21 1145. Craterestra yacima. (Plate LXXVIII. fig. 30.) Mamestra yakima. Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxii. p. 4G4 (1900) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 156. ^ . Head and thorax grey-white mixed with fuscous brown and black ; antennae ringed with white ; tegulas with ill-defined black line near upper edge; patagia with black scales near upper edge; tarsi ringed with wdiite ; abdomen whitish mixed with reddish brown and black. Fore wing grey-white thickly irrorated with fuscous ; an iU-defined black streak below base of cell ; subbasal and antemedial lines represented by double black stri* from costa ; elaviform well-developed, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform indistinctly defined by black, the former somewhat oblique elliptical, the latter with its lower part filled in with fuscous ; postmedial line very indistinct, with slight black streaks on the veins beyond it, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 5, some white points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line very indistinct, whitish defined by obscure dentate dark marks on inner side and the area beyond it darker, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules; cilia chequered white and fuscous. Hind wing pure white, the terminal area suff'used with fuscous from apex to vein 2 ; the underside with terminal series of black lunules. Hah. U.S.A., Washington, Utah, 1 d . Eccp. 34 millim. 1140. Craterestra bifascia. Axylia bifascia, Hmpsn. 111. Ilet. B. M. ix. p. 91, pi. IGl. f. 6 (1893) ; id. kothslud. ii. p. -ISl. S . Head and thorax fuscous, sometimes with some ochreous on vertex of head and metathorax ; abdomen ochreous, ventrally fuscons except at extremity. Fore wing ochreous tinged with rufous, and slightly irrorated with brown ; a fuscous fascia extending from discal to submedian fold and from base to termen, towards which it expands to below apex ; the veins whitish except on the dark area ; a small black discoidal spot and white point at lower angle of cell ; the antemedial line represented by a striga at inner margin ; a minutely waved postmedial line excurved from costa to lower angle of cell, then oblique ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreoiis brown tinged with fuscous ; the underside paler, irrorated with brown on costal and terminal areas, a discoidal lunule, curved postmedial line, and terminal series of black points. llah. Ceylon, I'undaloya {Green), 3 S , type. Exp. 32 millim. 1147. Craterestra albicosta. Axylia alhicosta, Hinpsii. 111. Ilet. B. M. viii. p. 70, pi. 144. f. 20 (1891). Leucania proleuca, Hinpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. '281 (1894). Head and thorax fuscous, sometimes with some ochreous on vertex of head and base of tegulce ; abdomen ochreous, ventrally U-: Js'OCTtTJTt.'K. tinged with fuscous. Fore wing suffused with fuscous ; the costal nrea ochreous whitish to middle of cell, narrowing towards apex ; orbicular and reniform represented by small ill-defined black spots ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line represented by a series of black points excurved from costa to vein 4, then oblique ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous whitish suffused with fuscous except at base, the underside Avith discoidal point and indistinct curved postmedial line. Hah. ]\[adras, Nilgiris (Hamj^son), 2 c? , 4 $ , type ; Travancoke, Pirmad (Fer(/usson), 1 c? . E^vp. 32-36 millim. 1148. Craterestra subterminata, n. sp. (Plate LXXVIII. fig. 31.) 5 . Head and thorax brownish grey ; tegulaj with black medial line ; tarsi fuscous with pale rings ; abdomen grey-brown. Pore wing grey tinged with reddish brown ; the postmedial area except towards costa, the area beloAV the cell from before middle, and the inner margin from base suffused with fuscous ; an ill-defined black streak below base of cell ; subbasal line represented by a blackish mark below costa; antemedial line indistinct, dentate, oblique; claviform absent ; orbicular very indistinct, ratlier elongate ; reni- form with brown and fuscous centre and greyish annulus, somewhat angled inwards on median nervure ; postmedial line indistinct, double filled in with greyish, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points on costa beyond it ; sub- terminal line pale, diffused, angled outward at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of points ; cilia whitish intersected with browu. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown ; the veins and termen brown ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot, indistinct sinuous postmedial line with dark stripe on the veins, and some terminal lunules. JIab. SiKKiM (Dudgeon), 1 $ type. Ecqy. 34 millim. 1149. Craterestra semifusca, n. sp. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 2.) 5 . Head and thorax fuscous mixed with pale grey-brown ; abdomen pale grey-brown slightly tinged with fuscous. Fore wing pale grey-brown, the costal area to subterminal line and the cell to postmedial line suffused and irrorated with fuscous, the terminal area fuscous except at apex ; the veins irrorated with fuscous ; antemedial line indistinct, angled outwards below costa and cell and inwards on median nervure and vein 1 : orbicular and reniform moderate, with fuscous centres and pale brown annuli defined by fuscous, the former rather elongate rounded ; postmedial line pro- duced to short streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and below vein 4 ; siibterminal line slightly defined by rufous on inner side and by the fuscous suffusion beyond it except at apex, somewhat excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area tinged with brown; a dark CRATEKESTEA. 2'3 terminal line ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal point, and postmedial series of shght striae on the veins. Hah. Uganda, Ketoma, 5000 feet (Dor/gett), 1 ? typo. Ex2i. 32 millim. 1150. Craterestra subvelata. (Plate LXXVIII. fig. 32.) Apamca subvelata, Wlk. Melliss' St. Ilelena, Ins. p. 184 (1875). Head and thorax dark rufous brown mixed with some grey; tegulse with blackish medial line ; fore coxae of male clothed with long ferruginous scales ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen greyish brown, the anal tuft more rufous. Fore wing dark reddish brown tinged with greyish fuscous ; a waved black subbasal line from costa to vein 1 with a point beyond it on costa ; a waved ante- medial line ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former round and with greyish annulus, in one specimen they are open and confluent above, some- times with pale patches, between, beyond, and below them ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmedial line dentate, bent out- wards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, some ochreous points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, waved, with fuscous dentate marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing dark reddish brown, rather paler towards base; cilia pure white. Underside whitish, the terminal area suffused with fuscous, the basal area suffused with ferruginous in male ; fore wing with discoidal lunule ; hind wing with discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hab. St. Helena ( WoUaston), 2 c? , 1 ? . Exjp. 34-36 millim. 1151. Craterestra definiens. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 1.) Heliothis definiens, Wlk. xi. 689 (1857). Head and thorax rufous mixed with grey and some black scales ; tegula) with medial blackish line ; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing grey thickly irrorated with fuscous ; the discal and submedian folds and inner margin with rufous streaks ; the subbasal line repre- sented by double black stria3 from costa and cell ; the antemedial line double at costa, then waved ; claviform small, defined by black; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former round, some- times filled in with whitish, the latter with its lower part filled in with fuscous ; an indistinct, waved, medial shade ; postmedial line dentate and produced to grey and black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, some pale points on costa beyond it; subterminal line formed by a series of pale and rufous dentate marks, with slight dark dentate marks before them at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing 24 KOCTtJIDiE, pale ochreous, the terminal area suffused with fuscous ; cilia ■whitish. Underside whitish with some brown irroration ; both wings with discoidal spot, curved punctiform postmedial line, and diffused fuscous subterminal band. Hah. Namaquaiand, O'Okiep (Lightfoot), 1 d ; Cape Colony (Dr. Smith), 1 $ type, Deelfontein {Col. Sloc/jett), 1 $, Rosmead, 1 J . £a'2). 36-38 millim. Genus SCOTOGRAMMA, nov. ' Type. Scoiogramma, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 469 (1887) aubmariua. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi oblique, the 2nd joint fringed with hair in front, the 3rd moderate, porrect ; frous with rounded prominence with slight vertical ridge and corneous plate below it ; ej-es large, rounded ; antennje of male ciliated ; head and thorax clothed with hair and scales, the pro- and nietathorax with spreading crests ; tibiee fringed with hair ; abdomen with dorsal series of crests and lateral fringes of hair. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 1 1 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with cell near base only. A. Fore wing with vein 2 defined by a dentate pale mark on medial area. a. Fore wing with the subterminal line dentate to termen on vein 6 armata. h. Fore wing with the subterminal line not dentate at vein 6. a}. Fore wing with the inner medial area pale above and below vein 1 dianthi. h^. Fore wing with the inner medial area concolorous ... nana, B. Fore wing with veins 4, 3, 2 defined by pale streaks isoloma. C. Fore wing with vein 2 not defined by a dentate whitish mark on medial area, or pale streaks. a. Fore wing with black streak below cell. a}. Fore wing with tlie claviform obsolete submedianata. b^. Fore wing with the claviform large, defined by black . ptilodonta. h. Fore wing without black streak below cell. a^. Fore wing with distinct ^-mark on subterminal line at veins 4, 3. a^. Fore wing broad, triangular. o^. Fore wing grey sufi'used in parts with brown or fuscous trifolii. P. Fore wing grey almost wholly suffused with black impolifa. b"^. Fore wing narrow, elongate hadeniformis, 6'. Fore wing without distinct ^-mark on subterminal line. a^. Fore wing with the postmedial line incurved below vein 4. a^. Fore wing with the medial area whitish stigmosa. b^. Fore wing with the medial area not whitish, a*. Fore wing with whitish patch beyond the claviform agrotiformis, b*. Fore wing without whitish patch beyond the claviform. a*. Fore wing with the ground-colour grey- brown. SCOTOGRAMMA. 25 a". Tegulaj with dark medial line &od/-i«r?/), 1 (S , Ferozpur (A'ttrae), 1 S ; hab. ign. 1 $ type inquieta ; Sikhim ; Tibet. Yatung (Hobson), 1 c? ; Sokotra, Hadibu Plains (TF. E. 0. Grant), 1 d" . Exp. 34-38 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 82 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 202, pi. 159. f. 2. Head luteous, darker reticulate. Body green or brown, finely blackish streaked ; dorsal line fine, pale yellow, dark-edged ; sub- dorsal line broader, black-bordered above ; substigmatal line broad, vellowish on the edges, red filled, dark-edged above. Feet green ; spiracles white. Food-plants, Chenopodium and Atriplex. 7-9. — H. G. D. *1159. ? Scotogramma impolita. Mamestra impolita, Morr. Pr. Bost. See. N. H. xvii. \). 140 (1874); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 129. c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with fuscous, tegulie grey with black medial line. Fore wing whitish, almost wholly suffused except the stigmata and postmedial area by black and fuscous shades ; the scaling rough ; the lines interrupted ; subbasal line present ; antemedial line single, irregular, ol)solete below the claviform, which is large, rounded, whitish defined by black ; orbi- cular and reuiform large, whitish with grey centres and defined by black, the former oblique elliptical ; medial shade blackish, suffused, irregular; postmedial line single, dentate, bent outwards below costa and strongly incurved below vein 4 ; postmedial area whitish, especially below costa and before middle of subterminal line, which is whitish defined by black shades before and beyond it, interrupted, dentate on veins 4, 3 ; some white points on costa towards apex and at base of cilia. Hind wing dark fuscous, paler towards base ; cilia whitish ; the underside whitish, with discoidal point and post- medial line. Hah. Canada, Quebec. Exp. 36 millim. This species is un- known to me. *1160. ? Scotogramma hadeniformis. (Plate LXXXVL fig. 3.) Mamestra hadcniformix. Smith, Trans. Am. Eut. Soc. xxi. p. 55, pi. t. f. 4 (1894); Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 155. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale luteous grey irrorated with SCOTOGRAMMA. 31 Wack ; tegulae with broad ill-defined luteoiis baud ; patagia with blackish scales near edges. Fore wing pale yellowish grey irroraled with black, a deeper ashen shade on inner margin and on terminal area ; subbasal line double, filled in with paler colour, angled on median nervure ; antemedial line very indistinct, double, exenrved in interspaces ; claviforni rather short and broad, indistinctly defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, with slight grey annuli in- distinctly defined by black, the reniform with rather darker centre ; a diffused medial shade ; post medial line double at costa and inner margin, defined by whitish on outer side, crenulate, incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line white, angled outward at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing white tinged with fuscous, the veins and terminal area darker especially in female ; cilia white with a dark line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal lunule and intercepted post- medial line. Uah. U.S.A., Colorado. Eap. 32 millim. This species is un- known to me ; figured from a drawing from type in U.S. Nat. Mus. 1161. Scotogramma stigniosa. Mamestra stigmosa, Christ. Rom. Mem. iii. p. 70, pi. o. f. 12 (1887) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 158. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen white mixed with pale brown ; tibise and tarsi banded with black. Uore wing white irrorated with brown, the costa darker ; the subbasal line interrupted, waved from costa, to submedian fold, the antemedial line rather ill-defined and irregular, angled inwards on vein 1 and outwards above inner margin, the claviform represented by some black scales on its outer edge; orbicular and reniform brown incompletely defined by black ; the former round, the latter rather constricted at middle ; traces of a medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell ; ])ost- medial line somewhat dentate and produced to black and white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, and incurved below vein 4, the area beyond it rather darker ; the subterminal line represented by a series of small whitish marks, defined on inner side by a dark patch on costa and two slight dentate marks at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly dentate at veins 4, 3; a terminal series of small dark lunules ; cilia chetiuercd brown and white. Hind wing white ; the veins irroraterl with brown ; a diffused brown subterminal band ; the underside witli the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a small discoidal lunule. Hah. S. Russia, Sarepta, 1 S ; W. Turkestan, Turcomania, Ferghana, Issyk-kul ; E. Tokkkstan, Kashgar. Exp. 32 millim. 1102. Scotogramma agrotiformis. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 0.) Iladena arp-otiformis, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. iv. p. 508 (189fi). S . Head and thorax fuscous mixed with white ; abdomen 32 NOCTUID^. brownish grey, the dorsal crests blackish tipped with white. Fore wing whitish suffused with fuscous and pale brown ; subbasal line waved, from costa to submedian fold, with a slight black streak beyond its extremity ; antemedial line waved ; claviform well- developed, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former round with pale annulus, the latter large, filled in with fuscous ; postmedial line dentate and produced to wbite points on the veins which are streaked with black beyond it, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line very indistinct, white, dentate, with slight dentate dark marks before it at middle ; a terminal series of white points and small black lunules. Hind wing white ; the veins and terminal area tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Ceylon, Putlam {J. Pole), 2 c? type. Exp. 30 millim. 1163. Scotogramma sodae. Hadena sodcB, Embr. Ann. Sei. Obs. 1829, p. 250, pi. 6. f. 7 ; Geyer, Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 851 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. Suppl. iii. p. 274, pi. 25. f. 4 ; llerr-Schiiif. Schmett. Eur., Noct. ff. 60, 66-7 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 158. Head and thorax grey mixed with pale brown ; tegulaj with black lines at middle and tips ; patagia edged with black above ; tarsi blackish ringed with white ; abdomen grey tinged with brown or fuscous. Fore wing grey, slightly irrorated with fuscous and often tinged with rufous ; subbasal line indistinct, double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; claviform small or moderate, fuscous defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former small, round, with fuscous centre, the latter filled in with fuscous except above ; a waved medial line ; postmedial line dentate and produced to black and white streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line pale, defined on inner side by a fuscous patch at costa and dentate marks at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3, some fuscous suffusion beyond ir except at apex ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia brownish intersected with fuscous. Hind wing grey suffused with fuscous ; the terminal area fuscous with a pale patch on termen at submedian fold ; cilia whitish or ochreous ; the under- side whitish, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal spot, indistinct curved postmedial line, and some lunules on termen. Hah. S. France, Leech & Zeller Colls. ; Spain ; Italy ; Greece ; Algeria; ? Armenia ; ?W. Turkestan, Turcomania. Exp. 32- 3() millim. SCOTOGRAMMA. OO 1104. Scotogramma defessa. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 7.) Mamesfra defessa, Grote, Can. Ent. xii. p. 88 (1880) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p.' 122. 2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brownish ochreous with slight dark irroration ; tarsi with dark bauds. Fore wing very- pale brownish ochreous with slight dark irroration ; the subbasal line represented by double brown striae from costa and cell ; the antemedial line rather indistinct except at costa, double, waved, oblique ; claviform small, defined by black, orbicular and reniform incompletely defined by black, the former round, opeu above and below, the latter with fuscous patch in lower part ; an indistinct waved medial line angled on median nervure ; postmedial line double at costa, then indistinct, strongly dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of somewhat dentate dark marks angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle and to tornus ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing white ; the veins brownish ; the terminal area suffused with brown narrowing to a point at tornus ; a terminal series of dark lunules ; cilia white ; the under- side wilh the costal and terminal areas irrorated with pale brown, a dark discoidal lunule, and postmedial series of striaj on the veins. Nab. IJ.S.A., California, Santa Clara (Osten Saden), 2 2 type. Exp. 30-40 millim. *1165. ? Scotogramma repentina. Mamcstra re/pentma, Moi-r. Proc. Bost. Soc. N. II. xviii. p. 118 (1875); Siuith, Cat. Noct. N. Am p. 123. 2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale grey ; tegulae with black medial line ; patagia with black lines near edges. Fore wing pale grey, the medial area fuscous ; subdorsal line double, filled in with fuscous; antemedial line double, erect, waved; claviform obsolete; orbicular large, pale, round ; reniform pale with a fuscous tinge, ill-defined ; medial line strongly dentate ; postmedial line double, waved, incurved below vein 4, with a dark shade beyond it indis- tinct except at costa ; subterminal line yellowish fuscous, defined on inner side by a dark shade, sinuous ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia white at tips. Hind wing fuscous, paler at base ; the underside paler with the termen fuscous. Hah. U.S.A., New Jersey, W. Hoboken. Exp. 33 millim. This species is unknown to me. *1166. Scotogramma orida. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 8.) Mamcstra orida, Smitli, Can. Ent. xxxv. p. 12 (1903). Head and thorax white, thickly irrorated with black and dark brown ; abdomen less thickly irrorated ; tarsi ringed with white. Fore wing white, thickly irrorated with fuscous black ; the subbasal VOL. v. i> 34 noctutd.t;. line represented by slight striae from costa and cell ; traces of a waved antemedial line with two more prominent points at costa; clavitbrm slightly defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with fuscous centres and white annuli defined by fuscous, the former small, round, the latter with fuscous patch in its lower ])art ; post- medial line indistinct, dentate, with more prominent points at the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; the subterrainal line white, with a fuscous patch beyond it at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4 and 3; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the veins tinged with fuscous ; a terminal fuscous-black band narrowing to tornus ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with fuscous, a diffused Bubterminal band. Ilah. U.S.A., Utah, Stockton, co-type t c? 2 in Coll. Eothschild. Eay. 34 millim. 11 07. Scotogramma implexa. Nocfuaimplexa, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 414(1827); Alph. Eom. Mem. V. p. 233, pi. xii. f. 1 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 158. Apameafaiiuv), Oberth. Et. Ent. i. p. 45, pi. 4. f. 2 (1876). Head and thorax ferruginous red- brown mixed with a few white scales; abdomen greyish tinged with red-brown. Fore wing ferruginous red-brown irrorated with white scales, especially on the costal area and veins ; an indistinct waved white subbasal line ; antemedial line waved, white, somewhat oblique ; claviform absent ; orbicular and reniform moderate, brown prominently defined by white, the former round, the latter somewhat constricted at middle ; postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line tine, waved, white, somewhat angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine waved white terminal line. Hind wing pale, suffused with reddish brown ; a curved whitish postmedial line and a slight waved whitish terminal line ; the underside whitish irrorated with red-brown. Hah. HuNGAKY ; S. Ktjssia ; Algeria, tj^ie t faJIovi in Coll, Oberthlir ; Armenia ; Syria ; Transcaucasia, Geok Te^je, 1 d . Exji. 34 millim. lirjS. Scotogramma peculiaris. Mamesfra peculiaris, Staud. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1888, p. Ifi; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 159. (^ . Fore wing grey-white mixed with some blackish ; frons with blackish bar above : tegulas with black medial line and tips ; patagia edged with black ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen oehreous white irrorated with yellow-brown. Fore wing whitish, suffused with yellow-brown and irrorated with blackish ; subbasal line double, filled in with white, Avaved and extending to vein 1 ; an oblique black striga above inner margin near base; the ante- SCOTOCRAMMA. 'Ao medial liue double, filled in with white, angled outwards below eosta, then oblique and waved ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform moderate, with brown centres and white annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter with some black in its lower part ; an indistinct, curved, diffused medial line ; postmedial line defined by white on outer side, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; some white points on costa towards apex ; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by slight dentate blackish marks at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunnles ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing white, the terminal area suffused with fuscous ; the cilia white ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot, slight sinuous postmedial line, and diti'used subterminal band. Hab. W. TuEKESTAN, Sarawschan, 1 J . Exp. 38 millim. 1109. Scotogramma submarina. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 10.) Anarta submarina, Grote, Can. Ent. xv. p. 4 (1883) ; Smith. Cat. Noet. N. Am. p. 129. Head and thorax ochreous white mixed with dark brown ; tarsi with dark bands; abdomen ochreous white, dorsally tinged witli brown : the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing ochreous white thickly irrorated with brown ; a dentate subbasal line from costa to sub- median fold; a waved antemedial line angled inwards on vein 1, with two points at costa ; a slight medial shade ; reniform repre- sented by a slight dark lunule ; postmedial line highly dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, some pale points beyond it on costa ; faint traces of a subterminal line angled outwards at vein 7 and e.xcurved at middle ; a terminal series of slight dark lunnles ; cilia chequered brown and white. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown ; the terminal area suffused with brown ; a slight discoidal point and postmedial series of striae on the veins. Hah. U.S.A., Montana, Oregon, xirizona. Black Hills, 1 9 • E.vp. 32 miliim. 1170. Scotogramma niendosica, n. sp. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 11.) § . Head and thorax grey mixed with brown and a few flesh- coloured scales ; tarsi with white rings ; abdomen grey mixed with dark brown and ochreous. Fore wing brownish tlcsh-colour thickly irrorated with black ; the subbasal line represented by dark points below costa and cell; the antemedial line indistinct, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then erect ; claviform represented by a slight dark spot ; orbicular and reniform obsolete ; traces of a dark medial shade ; jjostmedial line indistinct, strongly dentate, slightly bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; sub- terminal line represented by an indistinct series of pale points d2 8G noctuid.t:. defined by slight dentate dark marks on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of dark points ; a flesh-coloured line at base of cilia. Hind wing pale, suffused with fuscous brown especially towards termen ; cilia pale, with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irroratod with brown, a slight discoidal spot and indistinct curved post- medial line. Hah. xiHGENXiNA, Aconcagua {Fitzgerald), 1 5 type. Exp. 36 millim. Genus CATEPHIODES, nov. Tjpe, C. zuelana. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi ujiturned, the 2nd joint nearly reaching vertex of head and smoothly scaled in fronr, the ^rd obliqne, long ; f'rons with slight rounded prominence with corneous plate below it; eyes lai-ge, rounded; antennte of female ciliated ; head and thorax clothed with scales, the pro- and metathorax with spreading crests ; tibia slightly fringed with hair, the inner spurs very long; abdomen with dorsal crests. Fore wing broad, ti-iangular, the termen retracted towards toruus ; Teins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle; 5 obsolescent from just below middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 1171. CatepModes zuelana. Hadena zuelana, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. vi. p. 143 (1898). Mdia trinidadensis, Kaye, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1901, p. 123, pi. T). f. 3. 2 . Head ochreous more or less tinged with rufous ; thorax red- l)rown, with some black on extremity of patagia and metathorax ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen black-brown, dorsally irrorated with rufous, ventrally with grej- ; the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing dark brown suffused with rufous, the terminal half m.ore or less suffused with whitish and with some bluish white below costa and between veins 5 and 3 ; subbasal line represented by black Fig. 10. — Catepliiodes suelnna, §. stria? from costa and coll ; antemedial line black, irregularly sinuous, inwardly oblique ; orbicular and reniform small, defined by black, the former round, the latter indistinctly defined except on inner side ; a waved medial line or dark shade ; postmedial line minutely and irregularly dentate, very strongly bent outwards below costa, incur\ed at discal fold, below vein 4 incurved to below angle of CATEI'HIODES. ANAKTA. 'A7 cell ; subterminal line slight, white defined bj black on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7, bent inwards at discal fold, incurved below vein 3 and defined by white on outer side ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing semihyaline white, the costil and terminal areas broadly and the inner area narrowly black -brown ; some white marks on lower half of termen and a striga above tornus ; cilia intersected with white ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas suffused with grey, a small dark discoidal spot aud postmedial line with dark striae on the veins. Hab. Teinidad, Arima, 2 $ type trinidadensis ; Venezuela, 1 2 5 Aroa, type t $ in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 28-34: millim. Genus ANARTA. Type. Anarta, Ochs. Schuiett. Eur. iv. p. 9U (ISKJ), non descr. ; Treit. Schmett. Eur. v. (.3) p. 200(1826) miirtUli. ISlagcllana, Staud. Hamburg. Magalhaens. iv. p. 77 (1899) irhcina. Probos<;is fully developed ; palpi upturned, short, fringed with iiair ; fVoiis with slight rounded proiuinenc-e with small corneous plate below it; eyes small, reniforin, not ciliated ; antenii£e of male typically minutely serrate and ciliated ; thorax clothed with hair and hair-like scales, pro- aud metathorax with slight spreading crests ; tibijE fringed with hair; abdomen clothed with rough hair, a dorsal crest on basal segment and lateral fringes of hair. Fore wing with tlie termen evenly curved ; veins 3 and 5 i'rom near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole, 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from just below middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 shortly stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base. Sect. I. {Magellana). Antenn;\? of male strongly serrate and fasciculate ; fore wing very narrow. *n72. Anarta trisema. Anarta trisema, Mab. Bull. Soc. Pliilom. (7) ix. p. 64 (1885) ; id. Miss. Sci. Cap Horn, vi. p. 20, pi. 1. f. 9. c? . Head and thorax black mixed with grey and some dark red hairs ; abdomen black above, with some grey hair at base on ventral ¥\g. 11. ^Anarta trisema, c^ . \. surface. Fore wing grcy-whito irroratcd with black, blackish basal marks on costa and below cell ; the medial area black irroratcd with red, defined on inner side by the antemedial line, which is oblifiue from costa to cell, where it is angled inwards, then angled 3S xocTuin.T;. outwards on vein 1 to near ])ostme(lial line and with a diffused black and red patch before it on inner area ; clavit'orm an elongate Avhite streak extending from near the antemedial to across the postmedial line ; orbicular and reniform small, whiti.sh, the 1st oblique oblong, the latter an oblique bar angled inwards on median nervure ; postmedial line outwardly oblique from costa to discal fold, where it is angled, then very oblique, a scries of short red and black streaks beyond it -with a longer black streak on costa and on veins 4, 'A, and 2 extending to termen ; some dentate black and red marks on termen from below apex to middle ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing grey, suffused with black on inner and terminal areas. Ilab. TiEERA DEL FtJEGO, type t (5 in Mus. Paris. Eaji. 20 millim. Sect. II. Antenna? of male minutely serrate and fasciculate. A. Hind wing wliite. a. Fore wing with the subterniinal line angled inwards iu disc-al fold ^taialiiigeri. b. Fore wing with the subterniinal line not angled inwards ill disi-al fold. ft\ Foro wing with prominei t series of dentate black marks before subterm inal line richardsoiiL 6'. Fore wing without series of dentate black marks before subterniinal line qiiadrilunaia. B. Iliud wing yellowish kncocycla. C. Hind wing uniformly suffused with fuscous. a. Fore wing with the stigmata not filled with blue-grey... ctacfa. h. Fore wing with the stiumata filled with blue-grev inemhrosa. 1173. Anarta staudingeri. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 12.) Aiiarfa staudingeri, Auriv. Nord. Fj;lr. p. 17'>(lSyi); Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 219. Anarta mceschleri, Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. "219 (1901). Head and thorax black-brown mixed with white; tarsi black ringed with white ; abdomen dark brown mixed with grey. Fore wing black-brown irrorated with white, and often with some olive- yellow in submedian fold and on inner margin ; subbasal line indistinct, waved, from costa to submedian fold, some whitish on its outer edge: antemedial line oblique, waved, with some whitish on its inner side ; claviform a small black mark ; orbicular and reniform small, white defined by black, the former round ; post- medial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, defined by white on outer side and with white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line \\bitish or yellow, defined by a series of more or less conjoined black marks on outer side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia chequered brown and white. Hind wing white, tlie basal and inner areas suffused with fuscous ; a dark diseoidal lunulo ; a more or less prominent waved ])ostmedial line ; a broad terminal band with difi'used inner edge; cilia white. ANARTA. ;« Ab. 1. moeschleri. Fore wing more distinctly marked with grey. — Labrador. Hah. Canada, Labrador, IJ d" , 1 $, Zeller & Fray Colls.; Nmc- WAY, mountains, Lapland 3 c? , 2 5 , Zeller & Leech Coils. Kcj^). 28-30 millim. 1174. Anarta richardsoni. Hadena richardsoni. Curt. Ross' Narr. 2nd Voy., App. p. 72, pi. A. f. 11 (1834); Auriv. Bih. K. S. Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1890, p. 18, pi. 1. 1' 12 & pi. 3. f. 4 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 218 ; Smith, Cat. ISoet. N. Auk p. 2U3. Anarta aJ.gida, Let. Ann. Soe. Ent. Fr. v. p. 395, pi. x. f. 5 (1836) ; Diip. Lep. Fr. iii. Suppl. pi. 49. f. 6 ; Herr.-Schaff. Schmett. Eur., JSoct. f. 4U0. Anarta sept en tr ion is, Wlk. xi. 700 (1857). Anarta lannginosa, Smith, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. ii. p. 492 (1900). Anarta dovrensis, Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 218 (1901). Anarta asiatica, Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 218 (1901). Head, thorax, and abdomen black-brown mixed with grey-white ; tegulte white at base and tips; patagia with white fascia; t;iisi black with white bands. Fore wing black-brown slightly irroniled with white, and with some olive-yellow in discal and submedian folds and on inner margin ; subbasal line black, waved from cosla to submedian fold, strongly defined with white on outer side and with a black spot beyond it below the cell; antemedial line black, waved, interrupted, defined by white on inner side ; claviform moderate, black, with yellow spot on it and a white spot beyond it ; Fig. 12. — Anarta richardsoni, J. \. orbicular and reniform white with some yellow on them, defined by black and with some black at centre, the former small and rounded or large and quadrate, open above and below : the postmedial lino dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved, defined by white on outer side and with white points beyond it on costa, the area beyond it more or less strongly suffused with grey; subterminal line white, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, defined on inner side by a series of dentate black marks, strongest at middle and submedian fold ; a terminal scries of small black lunules ; cilia chequered white and black-brown. Hind wing white, the basal and inner areas suffused with black : a black diseoidallunule ; a more or less visilib; waved ]iostraedial line ; a broad terminal band with rather diffused inner edge ; cilia white ; the underside with the terminal ])aiid obsolescent. 40 NOCTUID.^?. Ab. 1. dovrensis. Fore winsi: witli slight frrcy markings ; hind wing almost whollj- suffused with fuscous. — Dovretcld. Ab. 2. asiatica. Fore wing fuscous or grey-brown with slight grey markings, sometimes almost imiform in colour. — E. Siberia. Hah. Grinnell Land (Feilden), 1 J ; Gketinland, 1 $, Zeller Coll. ; Canada, Hudson's l^ay, Eepulse Hay (Rea), 1 6 , shore of Arctic Ocean (Sir T. RicIiardson\ 1 c^' > 2 5 , type septentrionh-, Labrador, ZoUer & Frey Colls., 5 c? , 8 2 ; Alaska ; Scandinavia, Dovreficld, Lapland, 1 J ; Novaya Zembla, Schubert Bay, 1 $ , Grote Coll. E.iy. 34-38 millim. 1175. Anarta quadrilunata. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 13.) Anarta quadrilunata, Grote, Proc. Eost. Soc. xvi. p. 244 (1874) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 293. 2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with white, brown, and blaclv hair : tarsi black ringed with white ; anal tuft yellow. Fore wing whitish thickly irrorated with pale brown ; subbasal line indistinct, dark, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line oblique from costa to submedian fold, where it is angled, then erect and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform and orbicular obsolete ; reniforra represented by a dark lunule ; postmedial line indistinct, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurvcd to vein 4, then strongly incurved ; traces of a subterminal line, more prominent towards costa and angled outwards at vein 7 ; a terminal series of dark spots. Hind wing white, the basal and inner areas suffused with fuscous ; a black discoidal lunule and broad terminal band Avith sinuous inner edge ; cilia white. Hob. U.S.A., Colorado, 1 $ type. Exp. 34 millim. 1176. Anarta leucocycla. Anarta leucocycla. Stand. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1857, p. 296 ; Moschl. Wien. ent. Mon. 1860, p. 367, pi. 9. f. 6 ; Auriv. Bih. K. S. Vet.-Ak. Haiidl. 1890, p. 19, pi. 1. f. 11 & pi. 3. f. 3; Stand. Oat. Lep. pal. p. 219 ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 293. Head and thorax black-brown mixed with white ; tarsi black ringed with white ; abdomen grey-l)rown. Fore wing black-brown sparsely irrorated with white ; an ill-defined waved white subbasal line from costa to vein 1 ; an ill-defined waved white antemedial line ; orbicular and reniform small, defined by white, the former round ; postmedial line white, strongly dentate, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some white points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line white, angled outwards at vein 7 and inwards at discal and submedian folds, excurvcd at middle ; a waved white terminal line ; cilia chequered brown and ochreous white. Hind wing yellowish irrorated with black-brown, the lower part of cell and inner area suftused with black-brown ; a black discoidal ANARTA. -11^ lunule ; the terminal aru;i broadly black-brown, narrowing to tornws ; cilia yellowish white, brown at base ; underside similar, traces of a curved postmedial line, the terminal band narrower and with waved inner edge. Uah. Greenland, 1 J , 1 $ • Exp. 28 millim. *li77. Anarta etacta. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 4.) Atmrta etacta, Smith, Proe. Wasli. Acad. Sci. ii. p. 493 (1900) ; Dyar, C:it. Lep. N. Am. p. 159. 5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish largely mixed with fuscous ; tegulae whitish at base, then blackish and with grey tips ; patagia with blackish line near margin. Fore wing grey mixed with fuscous and irrorated with moss-green ; the lines white edged with black scales and with double black spots at costa ; subbasal line bideutate ; antemedial line oblique, somewhat dentate and bent outwards above inner margin ; claviform well developed, defined by pale moss-green ; orbicular and reniform with white annuli defined by black, the former moderate, round, the latter large ; postmedial line bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costs ; subterminal line somewhat dentate, only defined by the fuscous shade on its inner side and by the area beyond it being greenish ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia chequei-ed white and fuscous. Hind wing fuscous with terminal series of blackish lunules preceded by whitish ; the underside rather paler, with small discoidal spot. Uah. Alaska, Kukak Bay. Exp. 36 millim. This species is unknown to me ; figured from a drawing from type in U.IS. Nat. Mus. *li78. Anarta nieml)rosa. Anarta memhrosa, Morr. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N.Y. xi. p. 101 (1875); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 294. 2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen black mixed with grey ; tegular grey, with a terminal black baud. Fore wing dark grey, with the markings black ; the lines defined by clear blue-grey ; the subbasal line strong, uneven, followed by a blue-grey tinge extending to apex ; antemedial line distinct, strongly excurved in the inter- spaces ; claviform represented b\' a dift'used black patch extending to postmedial line ; orbicular and reniform filled in with clear blue- grey and defined by black, a black medial shade passing between ihem; postmedial line fine, dentate, incurved below vein 4, dilated into a spot at submcdian fold ; terminal area bluish grey with a blackish patch on costa with three blue-grey points on it ; sub- terminal line pale defined by blackish shades most prominent towards costa, dentate on veins 4, 3 ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing fuscous with indistinct discoidal point and 42 UOCTUID-E. curved postmedial line ; cilia black and white ; the underside with discoidal spot and prominent waved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., New Kampsliire, White Mts. Exp. 33 millira. This species is unknown to me. Sect. III. (Anarta). Antennae of male ciliated. A. Hind wing bright yellow. a. Fore wing witli the ground-colour deep red mi/rtil'i. b. Fore wing witli the ground-colour blackish. a^. Fore wing with the reuiform filled in with whitish ... cordigera. h^. Fore wing witli the reniform not filled in with white ... mimuli. B. Hind wing yellowish, tinged with brown impingens. C Hind wing uniform brown phaa. D. Hnid wing white, sometimes completely sufi'used with fus- cous on upperside. a. Fore wing broad, triangular. a^. Fore wing without whitish aimuli to the reniform onelanopa. b^. Fore wing with whitish annuli to the reniform mimula. h. Fore wing nari-ow, elongate. «'. Fore wing pale olive-grey mausi. b\ Fore wint; fuscous semblica. 1179. Anar t a my r tilli . Noctua myrfilU, Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 311 (1746); Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 165. fi". 1-3; Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 98; Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 286. pi. 118. f. 1 ; Steph. 111. Brit.Ent., Haust. iii. p. Ill ; Curt. Brit. Ent. pi. 145 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 218. Anarta acadiensif, Beth. Tr. Nov. Soc. Ins. IN'at. Sci. ii. p. 84 (1869) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 292. Anarta alj^ina, Eaetzer, Mitth. Scliweiz. ent. Ges. viii. p. 224 (1890). Head and thorax deep red, jialpi black at tips, lower part of Irons, base of tegulae, middle and tips of patagia, and metathoracic crest white, the vertex of head, tips of tegulaj, and greater part of Fig. Vd.— Anarta my rtiUi, J. thorax ochreous ; tarsi black banded with white ; abdomen black- brown with ochreous segmental lines, the dorsal crest and anal tuft red, the lateral hair ochreous, the ventral surface ochreous and reel. Fore wing deep red, pale olive-brown in parts; the subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold, filled in with white; the antemedial line double, oblique, waved, filled in with olive-brown and white, the claviform a minute spur on its outer side ; the medial area with more or less white suffusion and promi- nent triangular spot on median nervure ; orbicular and reniform AN ART A. 43 small, olive-brown dcfliunl by deep red, the former roniid ; an indistinct medial line angled at median nervure ; postmedial line minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, angled outwards on vein 1, defined by olive-brown on outer side, the veins beyond it more or less streaked with white, some white points on costa ; subterminal line prominent, white, angled outwards at vein 7 and middle and excurved to tornus ; a tine dark terminal line ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing orange-yellow, the base, costal area, and a broad terminal band black-brown, a black fascia on vein 1 ; cilia yellowish white ; the underside with the costal area red traversed by a black line at inner edge of terminal band, a small black discoidal huiule. Ah. 1. Head, thorax, and fore wing with the red almost entirely replaced by black. — Hyeres. Ab. 2. alphia. Pore wing obscure red- brown with the markings almost obsolete ; hind wing with the orange reduced. — Germany, Switzerland, Spain. Hah. Canada, Nova Scotia; Bkixaix, Leech Coll. ; France, Sand Coll., Hyeres {Yerhtiry); Germany, Zeller & Frey Colls.; Switzer- land ; Spain; Italy; Russia, Livonia. Exp. 24-28 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 87 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. vi. p. 226, pi. 251. f. 1. Green, sometimes tinged with brown and with scattered pale yellowish or whitish marks, and dorsal, subdorsal, and spiracular series of whitish spots. Food-plant, Erica. 8-9. 1180. Anarta cordigera. Noctua cordiqera, Thiuib. Miis. Nat. Ac. Ups. Diss. p. 72, pi. vi. f. 4 (1788) ' Esp. Schniett. pi. 18!). f. 2; Diip. Lep. Fr. vii. pi. 118. f. 2; Hiibn. ]^\\v- Scbniett., Noct. ff. G74-5 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 218; Smith, Cat. Nijct. N. Am. p. 292. Isoctua alhirena, Hvibn. Eur. Schniett., Noct. f. 99 (1827). Anarta luteola, Grote & Rob. Proc. Eiit. Soc. Phil. iv. p. 493, pi. iii. ff'. 5, G (1865). Anarta cethiops., Lloff'm. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1893, p. 128. Anarta svjfum, Tutt. Brit. Noct. iii. p. 130 (1892). Anarta carhonaria, Christ. Iris, vi. p. 92(1893); Alph. Eum. Mem. ix. p. 219, pi. 14. r. lU. Head, thorax, and abdomen black-brown slightly irrorated with grey. Fore wing black-brown, the basal and terminal areas suffused with blue-grey, the median area slightly irrorated with grey ; a slightly-waved black subdorsal line from costa to submedian fold ; an oblique slightly-waved antemedial line; clavit'orm moderate, defined by black; orbicular and reniform defined by black; the former small, round, the latter large, filled in with white, and with a dark lunule on its uj)per part; an indistinct medial shade; post- medial line minutely dentate, bent outward below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; a subterminal interrupted dentate black lino, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia black intersected with grey. Hind wing orange-yellow; the base with diffused black streaks; the costal area black; a broad terminal black band; cilia whitish. 44 NOCTUIDJS. Underside of fore wing black-brown, with large curved yellowish discal patch. Ab. 1. cethio/js. Fore wing almost entirely black except the reniform stigma. Ab. 2. carhonaria. Like cethiops, but the underside of fore wing yellow with the marginal areas dark. — S.E. Siberia. Huh. Canada, Labrador; U.S.A., Colorado ; Britain, Scotland, Leech Coll.; France; Germany, Zeller Coll.; Switzerland, Frey Coll.; Spain, Aragon ; Norway, Zeller Coll.; Kussta, Finland, Leech Coll., Livonia, Zeller Coll., St. Petersburg, Zeller Coll., Urals ; N.E, Siberia ; Amukland. Exp. 26-28 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 87 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. vi. p. 223, pi. 2.50. f. 3. Purplish brown mixed with black ; dorsal line whitish ; sub- dorsal line indistinct ; subspiracular line brownish ochreous marked with red. Food-plant, Vaccininm. 7-8. *1181. Anarta mimiili. Anar/a mhnidi, Behr. Cal. Ac. Sci. 18S5, p. G2; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Amer. p. 2U5. Head, thorax, and abdomen blackish. Fore wing blackish : the lines indistinct and slightly defined by whitish ; the subterminal line expanding into a spot at tornus. Hind wing yellow, with prominent black terminal baud. Hah, U.S.A., California. Exp. — ? Tliis si)eciesisunknowntome. Larva. Similar to that of A. myrt'dli. Food-plants : Eunanus tolmuei, Antirrliiniun Icingii, and MimuJus scropliularia. 1182. Anarta impingens. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 14.) Anarta impingens, Wlk. xi. 700 (1857); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 294. Mamestra carta, M(jrr. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. xi. p. % (187-5). Anarta nivaria, Grote, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. xi. p. 107 (1875). Orthosia perpura, Morr. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil. 1875, p. 6G. c? . Head and thorax lilacine grey irrorated with fuscous ; abdo- men reddish brown. Fore wing lilacine grey irrorated with brown ; subbasal line indistinct, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line rather oblique, waved, strongly excurved at sub- median fold ; claviform represented by a slight blackish mark ; orbicular and reniform very indistinctly defined, the former round, a strong diffused medial shade passing between them ; postmediul line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, theu strongly incurved ; sul)terminal line pale, defined on inner side by a brown shade and an ill-defined series of small dentate dark marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of dark lunules. Hind wing yellowish, suffused with reddish brown, and with a diffused terminal brown band broad at apex, narrowing to tornus ; a dark discoidal lunule ; cilia yellowish ; the underside yellower, the discoidal luuulc prominent, a terminal scri(.'s of dark striffi. 2 . Much darker. ANARTA. 45 Hah. Canada, S. Br. Columbia {Lord Derby), 2 S type ; U.S.A., Colorado, 2 (^ , 1 $ , type nivaria, Grote Coll. Ex^t., J 30, $ iJ-t millim. 1183. Anarta phsea, u. sp. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 15.) Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown mixed with grey ; tarsi ringed wntli white. Fore wing dark brown suffused with grey and irrorated with white ; subbasal line represented by black striae from costa and median nervure ; a slight black streak in base of sub- median fold; traces of a waved antemedial line; claviform rather small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform small, whitish, incompletely defined by black, the former round ; postmedial line indistinct, incomplete, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved ; subterminal line represented by whitish points with obscure dentate black marks on their inner side. Hind wing pale brown with a greyish tinge, the cilia white, brown at base ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Ilab. Arctic America, Victoria Land, Cambridge Bay (CoIUnson), 1^,1$ type. Ea'2). 34 millim. 1184, Anarta melanopa. Koctua 7nelanopa, Thunb. Diss. Ent. ii. p. 42 (1791) ; Herr.-Scliaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 433-4 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 218 ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 292. Noctun alpicola, Quens. Acerbi's Trav. N. Cape, ii. p. 253, pi. 1. ft". 5, G (1802). Nocfua vidua, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 403 (1827). Noctua iristis, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 44(5 (1827). Noctua rupesiris, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 644-5 (1827). Pyralis rupestralis, Hiibn. Schmett. Eur., Pvr. f. 138 (1827). Anarta uiyro-lunata. Pack. Proe. Bost. Soc. N. H. xi. p. 40 (1867). Anarta wistrbmi, Lampa, Ent. Tidskr. 1885, p. 81. Head and thorax black, clothed with grej' and olive-yellow hair ; abdomen black, clothed with white hair, the dorsal crests olive- yellow. Fore wing grey, irrorated with dark brown and largely suffused with olive-yellow except on terminal area ; a waved black subbasal line from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line waved, nearly erect, angled inwards in cell; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former small, round or rather irregular, the latter large ; traces of a medial shade ; post- medial line minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line only defined by a series of dentate dark marks on its inner side and a more prominent ])atch with pale points on it at costa ; a terminal series of black stri;e ; cilia white intersected with brown. Hind wing Avhite, the inner half suffused with fuscous ; a large black-brown discoidal lunule and a broad terminal band with sinnous inner edge ; cilia ])uro white. Underside of fore wing white, with black discoidal lunule and excurved postmedial line ; hind wing with the costal and inner 46 NOCTUTD.IC. areas slightly irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal lunule and broad terminal band. Ab. 1. vistroemi.' Fore ■\viug without grey irroration, the under- side with dark terminal band. Ab. 2. rupesiraUs. Hind wing entirely or almost entirely suffused with fuscous. Hah. Canatia, Labrador, Frey & Grote Colls., 4 J' , 4 2 ; U.S.A., New Hampshire, Mt. Washington (Dimmoch), 1 c? , Colorado, 1 c? , 1 2 , Natt Canon (Oslar), 3 c? , 1 2 , B. Park, New Mexico, Taos Peak, 2 c?, Grote Coll.; Britain, Shetland, Leech Coll., llannock (Salvage) ; Switzerland. Frey Coll. ; Italy, Alps ; Norway, Bergen, Zeller Coll., Dovrefield, Lapland, Zeller & Frey Colls. ; Saveden. Exp. 20-30 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 87 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. vi. p. 219, pi. 250. f. 2. Rosy purple ; dorsal line ochreous-brown edged with dark grey and marked with reddish spots; subdorsal lino yellowish, black- edged, with series of black marks above and below it ; spiracular line pale yellow marked with red. Food-plant, Vaccinium. 6-7. *1185, Anarta mimula. Anarta mimula, Grote, Trans. Kans. Ac. Sci. viii. p. 48 (1883) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 295. (5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous black. Fore wing blackish tinged with olive ; the lines blackish, interrupted ; orbicular a minute annulus ; reniform with dark centre and yellowish-white annulus ; a white mark in submedian fold before the postmedial line ; subterminal line with interrupted white marks ; some white points on costa towards apex ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing fuscous with the cilia white, the discoidal spot and band of underside show- ing through ; a terminal series of black points. Hah. U.S.A., New Mexico. Exp. 25 millim. This specic« is unknown to me. 11 80. Anarta maiisi. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 1(5.) Anarta mausi, Pi,ing. ined. Head and thorax pale olive-grey ; abdomen black clothed with white scales, dorsally tinged with olive. Fore wing pale olive-grey slightly irrorated with fuscous : an indistinct olive-brown subbasal line from costa to submedian fold : a strong waved antemedial line ; reniform a small blackish lunule ; an indistinct antemedial line angled inwards in submedian fold ; a minutely dentate postmedial line excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved and bent outwards again above inner margin ; subterminal line diffused on inner side, interrupted below vein 7, somewhat dentate, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a slightly darker waved olive terminal line; cilia white, with a dark line through them. Hind wing yellowish white; the inner area to middle of cell suffused ANARTA. LAhilESTH A. 4 / with fuscous ; a black discoidal lunule ; a sinuous subterminal band diffused to termen. Underside nearly pure white ; fore wing with bliick streak in upper part of cell, large irregular discoidal spot, subterminal band angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, and waved terminal line from apex to above vein 4 ; hind wing with small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line obso- lescent except on costal half. Hah. E. TtJKKKSTAN, Altyn Tag Mts., 2 ? . Exp. 24 millim. Type t in Coll. Piingeler. 1187. Anarta zemblica, n. sp. (Plate LXXIX, fig 17.) 5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen black with some grey hairs. Pore wing very narrow ; fuscous brown, with a greyish tinge and rather thinly scaled ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; traces of a waved antemedial line with a small black spot on it representing the claviform stigma ; orbicular repre- sented by a black point, reniform by a small lunule ; faint traces of a postmedial line, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; the subterminal line represented by faint traces of dark marks ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia chequered white and black. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia white ; the underside with large white dark-irrorated patch extending on costa from near base to near apex and down to vein 2 : a black discoidal lunule. Hah. XovAYA Zembla, Schubert Bay, 1 $ , Grote Coll. Exp). 28 millim. Genus LASIESTRA, nov. Type, L. jyhoca. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the 2nd joint clothed with long hair in front, tlie 3rd moderate ; Irons smooth ; e^es large, rounded, overhung by long cilia; head and tliorax clothed with rough hair and without crests; tibiiB fringed with rough hair ; abdomen with dorsal crests on basal segments. Fore wing with the termen obliquely curved ; veins '6 and b from close to angle of cell ; t) from upper angle ; '.) from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 1 1 from cell. Hind wing with vein 3 from close to angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from just below middle of discocellulars; 6, 7 shortly stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. Sect. I. Antenna; of male serrate and fasciculate. A. Fore wing with the termen and cilia clicquered while and black. a. Hind wing with the termen white moniana. h. Hind wing with the termen fuscous subdita. ]j. Fore wing witli the termeu and cilia not chequered white and bhick. «. Hiud wing with the cilia whitish phoca. b. Hind wing with the cilia yellowish. C(}. Fore wing with medial sliade, tlie pcjstniedial line d(!ntate i^romulsa. i'. Fore wing without medial sliade, tlio postmedial line not dentate iinifortnis. 48 XOCTUinTE. 1188. Lasiestra montana. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 18.) Folia montana. Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1900, p. 95. S . Head and thorax black mixed with grey and a few orange scales on thorax ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen grey with some black, especially on dorsum. Fore wing black irrorated with bluish grey, especially on basal area ; the markings rather deeper black, slightly irrorated with orange scales ; an indistinct, double, waved subbasal line from costa to submedian i'old : traces of a double, waved antcmedial line ; claviform moderate, indistinctly defined by black ; orbicular and reniform ill-defined, white irrorated with black, tho former rounded, the latter with its lower edge indented ; traces of a dentate postmcdial line bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some white points on costa beyond it; a subterminal series of black and white lunulate marks slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered white and black. Hind wing white suffused with fuscous, leaving the termen whiter ; underside ochreous whitish irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal point and diffused postmedial band. Hah. W. China, Ta-Chien-lu (Pratt), 1 c? type. Exp. 36 millim. *1189. Lasiestra subdita. (riate LXXIX. fig. 19.) Bianlhcecia subdita, Moschl. Wien. ent. Men. iv. p. 363, pi. 9. f, 7 (1860) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 129 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 161. (5 . Head and thorax blue-grey mixed with black ; tegulse with strong black medial line ; patagia with black line near upper edge ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen grey mixed with fuscous brown. Fore wing blue-grey thickly irrorated with black, the medial area slightly tinged with brown in, below, and beyond cell; subbasal line waved from costa to below cell ; a straight black line below base of coll ; antemedial line strong, black, much excui'ved below cell, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; hardly a trace of the clavi- form ; orbicular and reniform very small, blue-white defined by black, the former round ; medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, then incurved and parallel to postmedial line, which is strongly dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line only defined by slight black marks before it towards costa and inner margin, and by the area beyond it being darker, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; the termen and cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing dark fuscous brown with a slight white streak on termen towards tornus ; cilia white with dark brown marks at base ; the underside grey thickly irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal spot and curved post- medial line. Hah. Canada, Labrador, in Coll. Piingeler. Exp. 36 millim, 1190. Lasiestra phoca, Dianfhitcia phoca, Moschl. Wien. ent. Mon. viii. p. 197, pi. .o. f. 15 (1864) ; Sniilh, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 129; Stand. C:a. Lep. pal. p. 1G2. LASIESTRA. 49 • Scntoqramma luteola, Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 57, pi. 2. f. 10 (1894) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 159. Head and thorax clothed with dull brown and grey hairs mixed ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen yellowish brown mixed with grey. Fore wing dull brown thickly irrorated with grey ; an indistinct antemedial line oblique from costa to submedian fold, where it is angled ; stigmata represented by very obscure grey marks with Fig. 14. — Ladestra phoca, (^ . \. darker marks between them; postmedial line somewhat dentate, excurved from costa to vein 4, inwardly oblique to submedial fold near antemedial line, then excurvcd ; faint traces of a sub- terminal line angled outwards at vein 7 and inwards at discal and submedian fold ; cilia grey with a brown line through them. Hind wing fuscous brown with a greyish tinge ; the cilia grey ; the underside grey tinged with brown, a slight discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line, Ilah. Canada, Labrador, 1 cJ , Alberta, Calg,arj (WoUei/-Dod), 1 2 , Laggan, 2 5 . Ea-p. 34 millim. 1191. Lasiestra promulsa. (Plate LXXIX, fig. 20.) Mamestra promulsa, Morr. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. xi. p. 97 (1875); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 129. Scofogramma infuscata. Smith, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, vii. p. 42 (1899) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 1.59. 5 . Head and thorax yellowish grey mixed with brown ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen ochreous thickly irrorated with brown. Fore wing brownish ochreous thickly irrorated with dark brown ; traces of a waved, dark subbasal line from costa to vein 1 ; an indistinct, waved, dark antemedial line ; stigmata absent ; a very indistinct diffused medial shade ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, cxcurved to vein 4, then incurved ; sub- terminal line only defined by the dark shade on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; cilia chequered fuscous and ochreous. Hind wing ochreous irrorated with brown, and the terminal area suffused with brown ; cilia ochreous, with dark line at base ; the underside ochreous irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, 1 $ . Exp. 36 millim, VOL. V. K 50 NOCTUIDiE, 1192. Lasiestra uniformis. (riatc LXXIX. fig. 21.) Scof.oqramma unifonnis, Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 58, pi. ii. f. 12 (18'J4); Dyar,'Cat.. Lep. N. Am. p. 159. Head and thorax dull brown mixed with greenish grey ; abdomen brown mixed with grey. Fore wing dull brown tinged with greeni.sh grey ; an indistinct waved autemedial line ; stigmata very obscurely defined by brown and with rather darker marks between tbem ; postmedial line slightly waved, excurvcd from costa to vein 4, then incurved and again excurved at vein 1 ; cilia rather paler, with a dark line through them. Hind wing fuscous brown ; cilia yellowish, Avith a fuscous line through them ; the underside grey thickly irro- rated with brown, a large discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hah. Canada, Alberta, Laggan ; U.S.A., Colorado, 1 ,S • Exp. 40 millim. Sect. II. Antenna; of male (uliatecl. A. Fore wing with the grouud-colour bluish or purplish grey. a. Fore wing without terminal series of small black spots dovrcnsis. b. Fore wing with terminal series of small black spots. a}. Fore wing with the ground-colour blue-grey. a?. Fore wing not tinged with olive clvrn. b'^. Fore wing tinged wit h olive ddiciotta. h^ . Fore wing with the ground-colour purplish grey fcrplcxa. B. Fore wing grey tinged with olive-brown fcrsa. 1193. Lasiestra dovrensis. Bianihcecia dovrcnsis, Stand. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1804, p. 182; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. W\. Dianthvecia (dtaica, Staud. Iris, v. p. 3G6 (1892). Head and thorax black-brown mixed with white ; tarsi blackish, ringed with white ; abdomen brown irrorated with gre}'. Fore wing black-brown thickly irrorated with grey-white ; subbasal line Fig. 15. — Lasiestra dovrensis, (^ . }-. defined by white on outer side, waved from costa to subraedian fold ; anteraedial lino irregularly waved, defiiied by white on inner side ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform small, defined by black, the former grey, round or produced to a point on outer side, the latter dark ; postmedial lino highly dentate, defined by white on outer side, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then obli Amdo ; Kashmir, Earra Larcha (MacArthur), 1 c? , 2 $ , Kokser {MacArilmr), 2 J , 2 $ . Exp. 36-38 millim. *1196. Lasiestra perplexa. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 23.) Scotogrmnma perplexa, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 469 (1887) ; id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 129. 2 . Head and thorax black, the hairs tipped with bluish grey ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen brownish grey mixed with dark brown. Fore wing purplish grey thickly irrorated with fuscous black ; subbasal line black, angled inwards on median nervure, from costa to submedian fold ; autemedial line waved, angled inwards on the veins ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black and with blackish centres, the former round ; a distinct, slightly curved medial shade ; post- medial line minutely dentate and produced to short streaks on the veins, slightly bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points on costa beyond it; subterminal line ill-defined, whitish, defined on inner side by a series of dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and somewhat dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black spots; cilia chequered fuscous and grey. Hind wing fuscous brown ; cilia white at tips : the underside brownish white irrorated with dark brown, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Canada, British Columbia, in Coll. J. E. Smith ; U.S.A., Colorado. Exp. 30 millim. *1197. Lasiestra persa. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 24.) Maineiifra i^crsa, Alpb. Rom. Meui. ix. p. 212 (1897) ; Staucl. Cat. Lep. p"!. p. 156. (5 . Head and thorax clothed with grey and reddish-brown hair ; tarsi blackish, with pale rings ; abdomen grey-brown, with the dorsal crests dark at tips. Fore wing grey tinged with olive- broAvn and irrorated with fuscous, the medial area slightly darker ; subbasal line represented by double striae from costa and cell ; LASIESTRA. — LA6I0NYCTA. 53 antemedial line double, slightly waved, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniforra greyish defined by black, the former round ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line rather strongly dentate, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line yellowish white, defined on inner side by somewhat dentate dark marks, excurved at vein 7, somewhat dentate at veins 4, 3, and angled inwards in submedian fold ; a terminal series of small dark lunules ; cilia yellowish, with a dark line through them. Hind wing grey uniformly suffused with brown, the cilia whitish •with a brown line near base ; the underside pale brownish grey, with traces of a curved postmedial line. Hah. jN". Persia, Demavend, in Coll, Piingeler. E.ip. 36 millim. Genus LASIONYCTA. Type. Lasionycta, Auriv. Ent. Tyd. xviii. p. 285 (1892) scnelinriia. Proboscis fully developed .; palpi upturned, the 2ik1 joint clothed with long rough hair; frons smooth; eyes large, rounded, overhung by long cilia; antennteof male sernite and fascieubite ; head and thorax clothed with hair and hair-like scales, the pro- and metathorax with spreading crests ; abdomen with dorsal series of crests. Fore wing with veins 3 and b from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; II from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars; 6, 7 shortly stalked; 8 anastomosing with the cell uear base only. A. Fore wing with the cell filled in with black between the stigmata. a. Fore wing with the medial area darker than the ground- colour. a}. Fore wing with the subterminal line represented by a series of whitish lunules with dentate black marks before them raiiiieri. b^. Fore wing with the subterminal line ill-defined, grey, with obscure dentate dark marks before it inconcinna. b. Fore wing with the medial area not darker than the ground-colour coiijui/aia. B. Fore wing with the cell not filled in with black between the stigmata. a. Fore wing olive-yellow mixed with grey and black bri/opfcra. b. Fore wing brown suffused with olive-yellow ; hiud wing yellow hirifla. c. Fore wing fuscous irroratod with grey scr(e/uif/ia. d. Fore wing with the ground-colour grey. a'. Fore wing with the orbicular grey with brownish centre •"* n^'fimcida. b^. Fore wing with the orbicular whitish firdilis. e. Fore wing with the ground-cohnir whitish. a}. Fore wing tinged with bhiish altaica. b^. Fore wing tinged with yellow in parts. a'^. Fore wing with the claviform minute arietis. b'^. Fore wing with the claxiform well-developed ochmcca. 54 NOCTTJID^. *1198. Lasionycta rainieri. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 2."5.) Mamcdra Tainwrii, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat, Miis. xxii. p. 4G2 (1900) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 156. 5 . Head and thorax blue-grey mixed with fuscous ; tarsi with ■whitish rings ; abdomen fuscous mixed with grey. Fore wing blue-grey overlaying fuscous, the medial area darker ; subbasal line waved, from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line oblique, waved; claviform moderate, defined by black and with some grey beyond it ; orbicular and reniforra grey, defined by black and with some black before and between them in cell, the former irregularly rounded, the latter rather small ; postmedial lino dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of grey lunules, defined on inner side by dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing grey suffused with fuscous ; the underside grey irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Washington Terr., Mt. llainicr, in U.S. Nat. Mus. Ex]^. 42 millim. *1199. Lasionycta iaconcinna. (Plate LXXX. fig. 1.) Scotogramma inconcinna. Smith, Pr. U.S.Nat. Mus. x. p. 469 (1887); id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 130. 5 • Head and thorax blue-grey mixed with fuscous ; tegulcc with whitish tips ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen pale brown mixed with fuscous. Fore wing blue-grey thickly irrorated with fuscous ; the medial area suffused with black ; subbasal line defined by grey on outer side, waved from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line defined by grey on inner side, oblique, waved, angled inwards on the veins ; claviform moderate, grey defined by black, acute at extremity; orbicular and reniform large, grey defined by black and with fuscous centres, the former oblique elliptical, the latter with its lower part obscured by black, the cell before and between them filled in with blackish ; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, rather strongly dentate and produced to whitish points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some white points on costa beyond it; subterminal line indistinct, grey, defined on inner side by obscure somewhat dentate dark marks, angled outwards at vein 7, and somewhat dentate at veins 4, 3 ; traces of a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia brown and grey. Hind wing pale, uniformly suffused with fuscous brown ; cilia whitish at tips ; underside whitish thickly irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Canada, Alberta, Calgary, in Coll. Wolley-Dod ; U.S.A., Colorado. Exp. 40 millim. LASIONTCTA. 55 *1200. Lasionycta conjugata. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 26.) Scofof/ratnma covjugafa, Smitb, Journ. N.Y. Ent. Soc. vii. p. 41 (1899) ; Djar, Oat. Lep. N. Am. p. 159. 2 . Head and thorax grey mixed with fuscous ; tegulas with black medial band ; patagia with black line near upper edge ; abdomen grey mixed with fuscous. Fore wing bluish white mixed with fuscous ; subbasal line black, waved, from costa to submediati fold ; antemcdial line strong, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform defined by black, elongate and extending to postmcdial line ; orbicular and reniforra grey defined by black, the former elongate, acute at extremities and open above and below, the cell between them filled in with black conjoined to some black on costa ; postmedial line black, dentate, with an inward curve from costa to vein 7, where it is angled outwards, strongly incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line only defined by a dark patch before it on costa, and the area beyond it slightly darker on costal half, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; an indistinct terminal series of lunules. Hind wing grey sufi'uscd with fuscous ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, in U.S. J^at. Mus. Ex^p. 40 miUim. *1201. Lasionycta bryoptera. (Flate LXXIX. fig. 27.) j^Jamcstra, hryopfera, Piing. Iris, xii. p. 292, pi. 9. f. 6 (1900) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 159. Head and thorax olive-vcUow mixed with fuscous and grey ; tarsi ringed black and yellow : abdomen ochreous grey mixed with fuscous. Fore wing olive-yellow irrorated with black, the veins streaked with grey ; subbasal line double, filled in with grey, waved from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double filled in with grey, angled outwards below costa, then oblique, slightly waved ; claviform with its extremity slightly defined by black ; orbicular and reniforra moderate, with blackish centres and grey and yellow annuli defined by black at sides only, the former rather quadrate ; postmedial line double filled in with grey, minutely dentate, bent outAvards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyoiul it on costa; subterminal line whitish, slightly defined by blackish suffusion on inner side, somewhat dentate, angled out- wards at vein 7, excurved at middle and bent outwards to tornus ; a terminal scries of black limules ; cilia yellow, with three black lines through them. Hind wing greyish, uniformly suffused with fuscous except the terminal area, which is yellowish ; a dark terminal line; cilia yellow, with a dark line through them; the underside yellow thickly irrorated with black, a discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hub. Tibet, Kuku-noor, type fin Coll. Piingeler. iS^rp. 38 miilira. 56 N0CTUI5.T:. *1202. Lasionycta lurida. DiantJicecia lurida, Alph. Hor. Soc. Ent. Eoss. xxvi. p. 446 (1892); id. Eom. Mem. ix. p. 18, pi. 1. f. 4; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 162. S . Head and thorax reddish brown mixed with black and some white ; tarsi ringed with yellowish white ; abdomen reddish brown, the anal tuft ochreous. Eore wing brown suffused with greenish- yellow scales, especially towards base ; subbasal line double filled in with grey, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double filled in with grey, oblique, waved ; claviform broad, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, with brown centres and white annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter slightly angled inwards on median nervure ; a waved medial line, oblique below cell ; postmedial line slightly defined by whitish on outer side, strongly dentate, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some white points on costa beyond it ; the veins of terminal area with pale streaks ; subterminal line whitish, defined on inner side by small dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia brown, with whitish lines through them. Hind wing pale yellow ; traces of a sinuous postmedial line and diffused subterminal band, the former more distinct on underside ; a fine brown terminal line ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot. Hah. Tibet, Xuku-noor, in Coll. Piingeler, Amdo. Exp. 36 millim. 1203. Lasionycta scraelingia. FJdogophora sJcrcBlhigia, Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett. vi. p. 57, Noct. f. 624 (1845) ; Auriv. Nord. Fjar. p. 131, f. 26 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal, p. 159. Head and thorax black-brown mixed with grey; tarsi with pale rings; abdomen black-brown mixed with grey. Fore wing blackish irrorated with grey-white ; subbasal line black, angled outwards on median nervure aud euding in submedian fold ; ante- Fig. 16. — Lasionycta scrwlingia, cj . \. medial line slightly defined by whitish on inner side, rather oblique, waved ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform rather small, with fuscous centres and white annuli defined by black, the former round ; traces of a medial line ; postmedial line indistinct, slightly defined by whitish on outer side, dentate, bent LASIONrCT.V. 57 outwards below costa, iucurved below vein 4 and touching lower edge of reniform, some white poiuts beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line represented by a series of whitis^h lunules defined by black marks before and beyond them, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black striae ; cilia chequered white and black. Hind wing fuscous ; cilia greyish ; the underside grey thickly irroratcd with fuscous, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line, Ab. 1. alj^ncola. Bang Haas, ined. Fore wing with patch of orange scales beyond lower extremity of subbasal line ; clavii'orm large and extending to near postmedial line. — Altai. Hah. Sweden ; Lapland ; "W. Siberia, Altai, 1 $ . Exp. 36 miliim. 1204. Lasionycta subfuscula. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 28.) Anarta subfuscida, Grote, Proc. Eost. Soe. N. H. xvi. p. 244 (1873) ; id. Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. pi. 1. f. 7 ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 204. 2 . Head and thorax grey mixed with black-brown; tarsi banded with fuscous ; abdomen grey irrorated with brown. Fore wing pale violaceous grey thickly irrorated with black-brown ; the sub- basal line represented by indistinct dark spots below costa and in and below cell ; antemedial line defined by grey on inner side, oblique, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform small, defined by blackish ; orbicular and reniform moderate, defined by blackish, the former round, the latter with fuscous centre and grey annulus ; a diffused medial shade; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, strongly dentate, and with a series of dark points beyond it on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line formed by a series of strongly dentate brown marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia pale with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and curved post- medial line. Ilah. U.S.A., Montana, Oregon, Colorado, 1 5 type. Exp. 34 millira. 1205. Lasionycta sedilis. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 29.) Scotogramma sedilis. Smith, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc. vii. p. 43 (18'J'J) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 150. $ . Head and thorax grey mixed with black ; antenna) ringed with black ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen brownish grey irrorated with brown. Fore wing grey thickly irrorated with black ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line indistinctly double, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform 58 NOCTTTIDJE. indistinctly defined by black, elongate, acute at extremity ; orbicular and renit'orm large, the former prominent, whitish defined by black, the latter defined by black on inner side, very indistinctly on outer, somewhat angled inwards on median nervure ; medial shade pro- minent, black, diff'used, occupying most of median area ; postmedial line indistinctly double, dentate and produced to black and grey streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and below vein 4 ; subterminal line only defined by a series of dentate black marks on its inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurvcd at middle, the area beyond it slightly whiter ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered black and whitish. Hind Aving fuscous brown with a slight reddish tinge ; cilia white at tips ; the underside whitish irrorated with dark brown, a discoidal spot and somewhat dentate sinuous postmedial line. Ilal. U.S.A., rtah, Ogden (Snyder), 1 $ , Colorado. £".175. 38 millim. 120G. Lasionycta altaica, n. sp. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 30.) Polia altaica, Bang Haas, ined. List, 47. 2 . Head and thorax bluish white mixed with black ; teguloe with medial black line ; patagia and metathorax edged with black ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen grey mixed with fuscous. Fore wing bluish grey-white irrorated with fuscous; subbasal line double, waved, black, from costa to vein 1 ; ante- medial line double, the inner line less distinct, waved, angled inwards on median nervure and vein 1 ; claviform short, defined by black: orbicular and reniform white defined by black and Avith fuscous centres, the former round, the latter constricted at middle; an indistinct waved medial line oblique from costa to below cell; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, waved, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; cilia chequered fuscous and white. Hind wing fuscous ; a whitish postmedial line from vein 2 to inner margin ; some white on ternien towards tornus ; cilia white, with a fuscous line through them; the imderside whitish irrorated with fuscous, a slight dark streak in base of cell, discoidal lunule, curved postmedial line, and traces of a diff'used subterminal band. Eah. W. SiBUKiA, Altai, 1 $ , type. Exj}. 42 millim. 1207. Lasionycta arietis. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 31.) JSIamcsfra arietis, Grote, EiiU. U.S. Geol. & Gcog. Surv. Terr. v. p. 207 (1871)); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 115. c? . Head and thorax white slightly mixed with fuscous ; palpi and sides of frons blackish ; teguho with slight blackish medial line ; prothoracic crest blackish at base ; patagia outlined by black ; tarsi with white rings : abdomen white tinged with brown. Fore LASIONXCTA. 59 wing white suffused with pale purplish fuscous; a slight yellow streak in submedian fold ; subbasal line double, black filled in with Avhite, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemcdial line black, prominently defined by white on inner side, irregularly waved and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform small, slightly defined by black : orbicular and reniform moderate, with fuscous centres and white annuli incompletely defined by black ; post- medial line black, prominently defined by white on outer side, irregularly dentate, bent outwards below costa, angled inwards in discal fold, incurved below vein 4, and confluent witli lower extremity of reniform ; subterminal line diffused, white, with series of black points on yellowish marks on it, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle and incurved in submedian fold ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia chequered white and black. Hind wing white suffused with brown ; a sinuous postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side ; cilia white, with brownish line through them ; the underside white irrorated with pale brown, a dark discoidal point and curved postmedial line. ]Iah. U.S.A., California, Mendocino, 2 cJ , type. Exp. 3G-40 millim. 1208. Lasionycta ochracea. (Plate LXXIX. fig. 32.) Xylomiges ochracea, Riley, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xv. p. 75 (1892) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 234. $ . Head and thorax grey mixed with pale red-brown ; patagia edged with brown ; tarsi with black rings ; abdomen whitish tinged with brown. Fore wing whitish sparsely irrorated with black; the medial area suffused with brown except on costal and inner areas, leaving the veins whitish ; subbasal line black, minutely dentate, curved, from costa to submedian fold, where tliere is some yellow beyond it ; antemedial line black, interrupted, angled outwards below costa, excurved below cell and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform large, with whitish annulus defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, with yellow and whitish annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter extending to well below cell and somewhat angled inwards on median nervure ; postmedial line black defined by whitish on outer side, bent outwards below costa, then minutely dentate, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; the subterminal line only defined by dentate yellow marks with black scales on them on inner side and the area beyond it brownish, angled outwards on vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black luuules ; cilia brown intersected with white, and with a dark line through them. Hind wiiig whitish suffused with brown ; a small discoidsil spot; postmedial liiie defined by whitish on outer side and angled inwards in discal fold ; a brown terminal line and line through the cilia ; the underside whit© with black discoidal spot and slight curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Cahforiua {Ikhi], 1 2 • ^'^'P- 3f millim. 60 NocTuiDJi;. Genus POLIA. Type, Tolia, Oclis. Scbnielt. Eur. iv. p. 73 (181G), non clescr. ; Treit. Schmett. Eur. v. (2) p. f) (1825) cappa. Mamestra, Ochs. Sclimctt. Eur. iv. p. 7t) (ISl*^), non descr. ; Treit. Schmett. Eur. v. (2) p. 127 (182n) pi'^i. Xan'hia, Ochs Schmett. Eur. iv. p. 82 (ISKl), iioii descr.... liifc, pi. 23. ff. 3, 4 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 161. Noctua brunneago, Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 106. ff. 2, .3 (1796). Kodua argillacea, Hiibn. Sainml. Eur. Sclimett., Noct. f. .590 (1827). Noctuo^ olhicna, Geyer, Satuml. Eur. Scbiuett., Noct. ff. 829, 830 (1834). Dianfh(ecia harrdtii, H. Doubl. Ent. Ann. 1864, p. 124, f. 3. Diantha-cia andalusica, Staud. Stelt. ent. Zeit. 1859, ji. 214 ; Eamb. Cat. Lep. S. And. pi. xi. f. 4 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 161. Head and thorax yellow mixed with fulvous ; abdomen fulvous yellow. Fore wing yellow, suffused in part with fulvous, especially on costal and medial areas; subbasal line pale, waved, from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line double, waved, the inner line Fig. 22.— Folia luteago, c? . \. indistinct ; claviform with its extremity slightly defined by rufous, with more or less distinct pale dentate patch beyond it below the cell ; orbicular and reniforra well-developed, yellow defined by rufous and with slight brownish centres, the former rounded ; an indistinct waved medial line; postmedial line indistinctly double, dentate, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4 ; some pale points on costa beyond it; subterminal line indistinct, pale, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3, the area beyoud it rather darker except at apex ; a terminal series of small dark luruiles ; cilia chequered brown and ochreous. Hind wing yellow suft'used with fuscous brown ; the underside yellow irrorated with brown ; a discoidal lunule and ctirved postmedial line. Ab. 1. arf/i.llacea. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown mixed with grey ; fore wing grey suffused with dark brown, especially on medial area ; the markings black ; a black mark below base of cell bisected by the subbasal line ; claviform connected with postmedial line by a dark streak ; orbicular, rcniform, and a 80 NOCTTJTDJ-:. patch on base of vein 2 gvej : hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia ochreous white. Hah. Bkitain, Ireland, Leech Coll.; Guernsei {F. E. Lowe); France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller Coll. ; Austria, Zeller & Leech Colls. ; Spain, Andalusia, Castille; Corsica; Lxalt ; Algeria ; Russia, Sarepta, Zeller Coll., Urals ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Pontus ; Mesopotamia ; W. Turkestan, Ferghana, Issyk-kul ; W. Siberia, Altai. Exp. 34-44 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 78 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 2()1, pi. 165. f. 2. Pale ochreous with a slight pinkish tinge ; dorsal line indistinct, fuscous ; head reddish pink with blackish markings. Food-plants : roots of Silene muritima and injlata. 7-9. 1234. Polia canities, n. sp. (Plate LXXX. fig. 14.) cJ . Head and thorax pale brownish white irrorated with dark brown ; pal}»i banded with fuscous ; abdomen brownish ochreous irrorated with dark brown. Fore wing pale ochreous brown sparsely irrorated with white ; traces of a double subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line very indistinct, oblique, waved ; claviform faintly defined by brown ; orbicular and reniform almost obsolete, defined by a few yellow and dark scales, the former round ; postmedial line very indistinct, dentate and produced to white points on the veins, bent oittwards below costa, excurvcd to vein 4, then oblique, some pale points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line formed by a series of very obscure yellowish and dark lunules, angled outwards at vein 7 and escurved at middle ; fine pale lines at base and through middle of cilia. Hind wing whitish irrorated with brown, the terminal area suffused with brown ; cilia whitish, with a brown line through them ; the underside with discoidal point, curved postmedial line, and terminal fuscous band. Uah. U.S.A., California, 1 S • Exj_^. 32 millim. 1235. Polia discolor. (Plate LXXX. fig. 15.) Scotoijramma discolor. Smith, Journ. N.Y. Ent. Soc. \ii. p. 42 (1899) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 159. cJ . Head and thorax clothed with pale reddish broAvn and black scales and hairs ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen pale brown mixed with dark brown. Fore wing pale ochreous, almost entirely irrorated and suffused with fuscous brown ; subbasal line repre- sented by an oblique scries of three groups of black scales ; ante- medial line black, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform very obscurely defined by black ; orbicular round, very indistinct, with pale annulus ; reniform represented by an obscure X-shaped black mark ; postmedial line irregularly dentate and formed by a series of black lunules, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved; sub- terminal line represented by a series of somewhat dentate black rOLTA.. 81 marks, angled outwards afc vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black lunules. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the underside paler, irro rated with brown and black, a black discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, 1 S • Exp. 30 millim. 1236. Polia determinata. (Plate LXXX. fig. 10.) Mamestra determinata, Smith, Proc. U.S.Nat. Miis. xiv. p. 209(1891); id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 115. (S . Head and thorax reddish brown and grey, the scales tipped with grey ; abdomen brownish ochreous. Fore wing ochreous whitish, suffused and irrorated with rufous, most strongly on medial area; the median nervure, the costal area beyond antemedial line, and the terminal area dark brown irrorated with white ; subbasal line obsolete ; antemedial line single, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then slightly angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform with rufous centres and whitish annuli defined by black, the former irregularly rounded, the latter concave towards base and with fuscous spot in its lower extremity ; traces of a waved medial lino ; postmedial line rather indistinct, dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being darker, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing pale suffused with reddish brown, paler towards base and inner margin ; cilia white, with a strong brown line through them; the underside whitish, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal lunule. Hab. U.S.A., Colorado, 1 c? , foothills (Brace), in Coll. Schaus. Eap. 34 millim. 1237. Polia Columbia. (Plate LXXX. fig. 17.) T(/>niocampa Columbia, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 472 (1887) ; id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 202. S . Head and thorax bright rufous, the hairs tipped with grey ; abdomen reddish ochreous, sometimes darker, with the anal tuft redder, the ventral surface irrorated with white. Fore wing bright rufous irrorated with grey ; the lines rather indistinct, the veins with brownish streaks ; traces of a subbasal lino from costa to submedian fold ; the antemedial line oblique from costa to submedian fold, then waved ; orbicular and reniform moderate, greyisli defined by rufous, the former round, the lat(er with some fuscous in lower part; a medial rufous shade, oblique from costa to lower angle of cell ; the postmedial line minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, incurved VOL. V. Q 82 XOCTUID^. below vein 4 ; some grey points on costa towards apex ; subterminal line pale, defined by the area beyond it being greyer, excurved at vein 7 and middle, angled inwards in discal and submedian folds. Hind wing brownish ochreous, browner towards termen ; the cilia ochreoua at base, then with brown line and whitish tips ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas slightly irrorated with brown, a disooidal point and curved postmedial line. Hah. Canada, Alberta, Calgary ( WoUey~Dod), 5 S , K^.W. Br. Columbia. Ea-2J. 34 millim. 1238. Polia meditata. (Plate LXXX. fig. 18.) Dianfhoecia meditata, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. i. p. 104 (1873) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 115. Head and thorax dark red-brown more or less strongly irrorated with grey ; abdomen grey-brown, the anal tuft of male paler. Pore wing red-brown, sufiuscd with fuscous and slightly irrorated with grey ; traces of a waved grey subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line indistinct, double filled in with grey, oblique, waved ; claviform small, defined by brown ; orbicular and reniform moderate, with greyish annuli incompletely defined by brown, the former rather obliijue elliptical ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some grey points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line defined by the area beyond it being somewhat darker and suffused with grey, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; the veins of terminal area dark ; a fine dark terminal line. Hind wing dark brown, sometimes yellowish towards base ; cilia with fine pale line at base and whitish tips; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, the costal area sometimes tinged with rufous, a dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Canada (Norman), 1 J; U.S.A., Eastern States to Vir- ginia and Mississippi, 1 c? , 1 $ , type, Kansas. Exp. 34 millim. Larva. Head brown, with broad curved black bands in front and black reticulations. Body sordid reddish brown, dorsal space broadlv paler, enclosing dorsal rounded lozenge-sliaped dark patches ; sides dark ; lines obscurely indicated, the substigraatal broad, scarcely paler than ground-colour. Cervical shield shining black, luteous-dotted centrally and cut by distinct dorsal and more diffuse subdorsal orange lines. Feet black. Tubercles minute. — H. G. D. 1239. Polia leucogramma. (Plate LXXX. fig. 19.) Dianthoecia leucogramma, Grote. Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. i. p. liO (1873) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 115. (S . Head and thorax dark brown mixed with grey ; abdomen reddish brown irrorated with grey. Fore wing reddish brown irrorated with black ; a double, waved subbasal line from costa to POLIA. 83 submedian fold filled in with grey; antemedial line double filled in with grey, waved and angled inwards in cell and on vein 1 ; cla\iform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform small, defined by black and with some grey in centres, the former round ; a medial black shade darkening the cell between the stigmata ; jiost- medial line double filled in with whitish, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and below vein 4, some pale points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by some small dentate dark marks between veins 5 and 1, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; some white suffusion on terminal area ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered brown and white. Hind wing brown, darker towards termen ; cilia white, with brown line at base ; the underside white irrorated with brown, the terminal area suffused with brown, a dark discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., California, 1 c^ , Grote Coll. Exp. 32 millim. *1240. Polia mohosa. (Plate LXXX. fig. 20.) Hecatera mohosa, Dogn. Ann. Soc. Ent. Beige, xli. p. 412 (1897). J . Head and thorax clothed with pale brown, black, and white scales ; palpi blackish at sides ; tarsi banded black and white ; abdomen grey-brown, dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing whitish, largely suffused with rufous and in parts with fuscous ; the veins streaked with fuscous and white ; a double, waved, black Bubbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a double, waved antemedial line angled outwards below costa and excurved above inner margin ; claviforra black ; orbicular with ruibus centre and white anuulus defined by black, rather small, rounded ; reniform with white centre defined by brown and white annulus defined by black, angled inwards on median nervure ; the postmedial lino dentate and produced to points on the veins, strongly bent out- wards below costa and inwards below vein 4, then defined by whitish on outer side; some white points on costa towards apex; the subterminal line white, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the area beyond it grey irrorated with fuscous ; a ter- minal series of small black lunules. Hind wing whitish suffused with brown, especially on terminal half; the cilia whitish: the underside white irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Jfab. EcuADOK, Loja, typefc? in Coll. Dognin. Exp. 20 millim. *1241. Polia orizabena. (Plate LXXX. fig. 21.) JJa/Jena orisabena, Scliau.s, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. vi. p. 142 (1898) : Druce, Biol. Centj.-Am., Het. ii. p. 5G8. J . Head and thorax dark reddish brown mixed with purplish G 2 8-1 ^•oc•TUID.E. fuscous ; tarsi -with pale pinkish rings ; abdomen purplish pink, brown towards extremity, the basal crest dark. Fore wing black- brown suffused with puplish pink and with a grey gloss ; an in- distinct, double, waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double filled in with paler colour, angled outwards below costa, oblique to submedian fold, then recurved to inner margin ; the medial area rather darker ; the claviform very ob- scurely defined by black ; orbicular and reniform small, the former greyish, the latter rather concave towards base, with pinkish an- nulus and ])rominent white spot on its outer edge ; the postuiedial line indistinctly double tilled in with pinkish, bent outwards below costa, and incurved below vein 4 to near antemedial line, some pale points beyond it on costa : the subterminal line represented by whitish points on black streaks extending to termen, the terminal area rather darker; some pinkish points at base of cilia. Hind wing ochreous white suffiised with brown, the area below the cell whiter ; a terminal series of dark strite ; the underside with the costal area tinged with pink, a black discoidal spot and waved postmedial lide. Hab. Mexico. Orizaba, type f S in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 30 millim. 1242. Polia brachiola. (Plate LXXX. fig. 22.) Mamestra hrachiolum, Harv. Can. Ent. viii. p. 6 (1876) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. i. p. 123. Head, thorax, and abdomen black-brown mixed with grey ; tegulse with slight black medial line. Fore Aving grey suffused and irroratc'd witli black-brown and with a slight purplish tinge ; a waved subbasal black line from costa to submedian fold, defined by grey on outer side ; a double, waved, oblique antemedial line, angled inwards in cell and tilled in with grey ; claviform very small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, incom- pletely above, the former small or moderate, rounded ; an indistinct waved medial line, angled outwards to lower angle of cell ; post- medial line double, dentate, filled in with grey, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; the postmedial area grey except at costa ; subterminal line grey, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle, and bent outwards to tornus, with some black marks on inner side from vein 5 to inner margin, slightly defined by black on outer side ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia fuscous and grey. Hind wing fuscous brown, paler towards base in male ; cilia white, with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with dark brown, the terminal area suffused with brown, a discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Texas, 1 cJ , 1 $ , type, xirizona. Exp. 34 millim. < '.r ^■■'^'! roLIA. 85 1243. Polia rubrifusa, u. sp. (Plate LXXX. tig. 23.) (5'. Head aud thorax fuscous mixed with some black, the scales tipped with white ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen brown mixed with grey, the dorsal crests blackish. Fore wing dark grey thickly irrorated and suffused with black and with a slight purplish tinge ; the inner and postmedial areas tinged with vinous red, tlie discal and subraedian folds on medial area suffused with deep red ; subbasal line indistinct, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; the antemedial line double, the inner line indistinct, angled outwards below costa, then oblique, waved ; clavifbrm absent ; orbicular aud reniform small, reddish with slight white annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter concave on inner side and with some fuscous in its lower part ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to veiu 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa on a fuscous patch extending to subterminal line, which is pale reddish defined on inner side by minute dentate brown marks and by some fuscous on outer, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine terminal black line ; cilia dark brown. Hind wing pale suffixsed with brown, the terminal half dark brown ; the cilia brown at base, whitish at tii)s ; the under- side white thickly irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal luuule and curved postmedial line. I/ab. U.S.A., New Mexico, Bculah, 1 c5' . -Et^J. 34 millim. *1244. Polia umbrosa. (Plate LXXX. fig. 24.) Seotograynma umhrosa, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 470(1887) ; id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p, l;30. 5 . Head and thorax blackish mixed with grey ; frons with black bar ; teguke with ill-defined dark medial line ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen fuscous brown nuxed with grey. Fore wing grey mostly suft'used and irrorated with fuscous brown, the medial area rather daiker ; subbasal line double filled in with whitish, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double tilled in with whitish, waved and angled inwards on vein 1 ; clavitorni moderate, indistinctly defined by black and with some pale reddish brown beyond its extremity : orbicular and reniform with indistinct greyish annuli defined by black, the former small, round, the latter slightly angled inwards on median nervure aud with a faint reddish tinge before and beyond it ; traces of a waved medial line ; post- medial line defined by greyish on outer side, minutely dentate and produced to whitish points on the veins,, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some wbite points beyond it on costa ; subtermiiud lino wliite, hardly defined on imuT side. 86 NOCTUIDiE. minutely dentate, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; cilia whitish mixed with brown and with a brown line through them. Hind wing pale tinged with fuscous, especiiilly on the veins and terminal area ; cilia white with a dark line through them ; the underside white, the costal and termiual areas irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hab. U.S.A., Colorado, Arizona, in U.S. Nat. Mus. Exp. 34 millim. 1245. Polia plicata. (Plate LXXX. fig. 25.) Mamestra plicata, Smith, Ent. News Philad. ix. p. 243 (1898) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 155. Mamestra negvssa, Smith, Can. Ent. xxxii. p. 219 (1900) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 156. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with dark brown. Fore wing gvey thickly irrorated with fuscous brown ; the cell and area just beyond and below it tinged with rufous ; the veins with some- what darker streaks ; an indistinct subbasal line defined hy grey on outer side, angled outwards in cell and extending to submedian fold; antemedial line double, waved, filled in with grey ; claviform small, grey indistinctly defined by brown, or rather larger and better defined ; orbicular and reniform grey defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, the latter with some fuscous in its lower part ; traces of an oblique waved medial line from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4 ; some pale points on costa towards apex ; subterminal line whitish, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing grey-brown with fine dark terminal line ; the underside grey irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hah. Canada, Alberta, Calgary {WoUey-Dod), 1 J , 1 5 ; U.S.A., Colorado in U.S. Nat. Mus. Exp. 40 millim. *1246. Polia gnata. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 8.) Mamestra gnata, Grote, Can. Ent. xiv. p. 170 (1882) ; Smitl^, Cat. Noct. N.Am. p. 116. S ■ Head and thorax dark brown mixed with grey ; tegulte with black medial line ; abdomen pale grey-brown. Fore wing dark grey suffused with yellowish brown ; the lines double ; subbasal line indistinct ; antemedial line minutely waved, oblique from costa to median nervure ; claviform defined by black, small ; orbi- cular and reniform well developed, with pale annuli defined by black, the former rather oblique elliptical ; a slight medial shade from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line minutely waved, l)enl outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, the i'OLlA. 87 area beyond it grej'er, with a prominent pale patch on inner area before subterniinal line, which is pale defined by the area beyond it being darker, incurved at discal and submcdian folds. Hind wing white, the veins and termeu tinged with brown ; the under- side with dark irroration. Huh. U.S.A., New Mexico, Arizona. E.rp. 32 millim. This species is unknown to me ; figured from a drawing from type in Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. *1247. Polia selama. Mamestra selama, Streck. Lep. Rhop. & Het. Suppl. i. p. 7 (1898); Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 156. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous tinged with grey. Fore wing fuscous irrorated with grey and with a silky texture ; the markings black defined by grey ; no black streak below base of cell ; claviform absent ; terminal area grey ; an indistinct black terminal line ; cilia fuscous. Hind wing fuscous, paler at base ; cilia whitish, with a dark line through them. Bab. U.S.A., Texas. Exj). 28 millim. This species is unknown to me. 1248. Polia tenebra, n. sp. (Plate LXXX. fig, 26.) J' . Read and thorax brown mixed with white and black scales ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen reddish brown. Fore wing fuscous brown mixed with grey and slightly tinged in parts with dull olive; subbasal line double, waved, interrupted at middle, from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line irregularly waved, oblique, defined by grey on inner side ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former small, round, with white annulus, the latter indistinct, irregular ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmcdial line defined by whitish on outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish, defined on inner side by a series of small dentate black marks, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia whitish and fuscous with a black line at base. Hind wing pale suffused with brown, the terminal area darkest, a slight discoidal spot, sinuous postmcdial line, and some terminal lunules ; cilia whitish with a dark line near base ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown. Hab. Kashmir, Deosai Plains {Leech), 1 d type. Exi>. 30 millim. 88 NocTTJin^T:. *1249. Polia pusilla. (Plate LXXX. fig. 28.) Thargelia ptisilla, Piinj?. Iris, xiii. p. 118, pi. iv. f. 10 (1000); Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 254, add. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen grej'-white mixed with pale olive-brown and black ; tarsi banded with black. Fore wing grey- white snfFused with olive-brown and irrorated Avith fuscous ; the subbasal line represented by an obscure striga from costa and two from cell ; antomedial line very oblique and rather irregular from costa to submedian fold, angled inwards on vein 1 and outwards to the postmedial line above inner margin, defined by whitish on inner side ; claviform an ill-defined whitish mark ; orbicular a small ill- defined whitish mark with dark point at centre ; reniform whitish, ill-defined except on inner side, where its centre and circumference are defined by black ; postmedial line double filled in with white, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurvcd to vein 4, then oblique ; subterminal line formed by a series of whitish and dark dentate marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered fuscous and whitish. Hind wing whitish, uniformly suffused with fuscous : cilia white with a brown line through them ; the underside white irrorated w ith brown, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Tkanscaspia, Askhabad, in Coll. Piingeler. Exp. 36 millim. 1250. Polia serratilinea. Mamestra serratHinea, Ti-eit. Schniett. Eur. v. 2, p. 38 (182.'i); Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 430, pi. 99. f. 6 ; Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 395 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 155. Mamestra polyoclon, Hubn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 365 (1827), nee Clerck. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous brown mixed with grey ; tarsi fuscous with" pale rings. Fore wing grey irrorated and suff'used with ochreous brown ; a double, waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a waved antemedial line defined by grey on inner side ; claviform defined by brown and often filled in with brown ; orbicular and reniform large, rather indistinctly defined by brown, the former irregularly rounded, the latter with two white points on outer side at lower extremity and one on inner ; a curved waved medial line approximated below the cell to the postmedial Hue, which is strongly dentate and produced to grey points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some ])ale points beyond it on costa ; a dentate whitish subterminal line defined by somewhat dentate brown marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; a series of whitish points at base of cilia. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, especially on the veins and terminal area ; cilia ochreous white with a brow-n line through them ; the underside wliitish, the costal and terminal areas slightly roLiA. 89 irrorated with browu, a slight discoidal liimile and curved post- medial line. Hah. Germany, Zeller Coll. ; Switzerland, Leech Coll. ; Austria, Zeller Coll. ; Hungaet, Frcy Coll. ; Armenia ; W. Siberia, Altai, Leech Coll. Exp. 46-56 millim. Larva. Grey with a dark head. On low-growing plants in spring. 1251. Polia spalax. jSIamestra, spalax, Alph. Slett. ent. Zeit. 1887, p. 168 ; id. Eom. Mem. v. p. 144, pi. 6. f. 5 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 155. 5 . Head and thorax grey mixed with yellowish or dark brown ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen grey mixed with browia. Fore wing grey, more or less tinged with ochreous and thicklj' irrorated with fuscous brown ; subbasal line indistinct, double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line indistinct, double, waved ; claviform moderate, defined by fuscous ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by fuscous, the former irregularly rounded, with slight whitish annulus, the latter irregular with whitish points on edges, somewhat angled inwards on median nervure ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line double, dentate and produced to a double series of points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of whitish dentate marks slightly defined by fuscous, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of fuscous lunulcs ; cilia with ochreous line at base, then a fuscous line, the tips whitish and fuscous. Hind wing pale suffused with fuscous brown with a slight reddish tinge ; the cilia with ochreous and fuscous lines at base and white tips ; the underside whitish irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line with darker streaks at the veins. Hab. B-trssiA, Urals ; Persia, Mesopotamia ; W. Turkestan, 2 § , Ferghana, Sarawschan, Issyk-kul, Ala Tan ; W. Siberia, Altai ; E. Turkestan, Hi. Exp. 34-36 millim. 1252. Polia insolens. Dianthctcia, insolens, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sei. ii. p. G5 (1874) ; Smitli, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 115. TeniocaJnpa carina, Morr. Pi-oc. Bost. Soc. N. H. xvii. p. 158 (1874). Head and thorax clothed with whitish and pale brown hair ; abdomen whitish tinged with red-brown. Fore wing whitish or luteous, suffused and irrorated with dark brown or nearly uniform pale d>dl brown ; an indistinct waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line oblique, waved, angled out- wards below costa; claviform very indistinctly defined l)y brown; orbicular and reniform large, defined by whitish or ochreous, the former round : postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below c^sta, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line almost evenlv 90 NOCTUID.E. curved, defined on inner side by a series of dentate fuscous marks and by the area beyond it being rather darlcer ; a terminal series of small dark lunules ; cilia wbitish, with a dark line through them. Hind "wing whitish suffused with brown ; the underside white slightly irrorated with brown, a brown dJscoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., California, 3 $ type, San Francisco (Stretch), 3 S , 1 ? . Exp., J 40-44, ? 46-52 miUim. Sect. V. Antennae of male cihated. A. Prothorax with divided crest. a. Fore wing with black streak below base of cell. a'. Fore wing with the sublerminal line dentate ou veins 4, 8, and forming a distinct ^-va&rk. c^. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines conjoined by a black streak in subinedian fold. c?. Fore wing with pale dentate mark beyond the clavifonn. a*. Fore wing with the ground-colour ochreous white 'peregrina. i*. Fore wing with the ground-colour purplish grey con tigua. P. Fore wing without pale dentate mark beyond the claviform. (iK Fore wing with the postmedial area dis- tinctly paler tban the medial area. a^. Fore wing with the basal streak broad... grandis. ¥. Fore wing with the basal streak narrow, w-latinum. b*. Fure wing with the postmedial area hardly paler than the medial area, fl*. Fore wing not tinged with purplish red . invalida. P. Fore wing tinged with purplish red. a". Fore wing with the snbterminal line wliite thalassina. P. Fore wing with the subterminal line grey suhjuncta. b^. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines not conjoined by a black streak in submedian fold. a^. Fore wing with the areas at base of costa, beyond the reniform, and the postmedial area bright rufous nevadm. P. Fore wing more uniform brown. a*. Fore wing with whitish annuli to stigmata, altaica. P. Fore wing without whitish auuuli to stig- mata, a'. Fore wing with the subterminal line wliite suasa. P. Fore wing with the subterminal line grey aliena. c^. Fore wing ochreous grey consanguis, \a.r. b^. Fore wing without distinct ^-mark on subterminal line. a^. Fore wing with the terminal area not darker than the ground-colour passa. b-. Fore wing with the terminal area darker than the ground-colour , ptochica. roLiA. 91 b. Fore wing without black streak below base of cell. a}. Fore wing with the ground-colour ochreous or greyish ochreous. a^ Fore wing witli the orbicular V-shaped vau-orbicidans. h'\ Fore wing with the orbicular rounded consanc/uis. b^. Fore wing with the ground-colour red-browu. a^. Fore wn)g without pale streaks on the veins ... fuscimfa. 6^. Fore wing with pale streaks on the veins venata. c'. Fore wing with the ground-colour blackish. a?. Fore wing without ochreous points on subtor- minal line •••■• mortua. ' h-. Fore wing with ochreous points on subtermiual line persicarice. d}. Fore wing with the ground-colour dark purplish grey more or less completely sufl'used with fuscous. a^. Fore wing with pale postmedial patch in sub- median interspace. a^. Fore wing with the annulus of reniform and the subterminal line flesli-colour glaucopis. b^. Fore wing with the annulus of reniform and the s'ubterininal line white cristifera. b^. Fore wing with the whole postmedial area pur- plish grey. a^. Fore wing with the costal area concolorous. a*. Fore wing with the inner area concolorous. rj?. Fore wing with the reniform large, ■whitish mamestrina. ¥. Fore wing with the reniform smaller, grey ingravis. b^. Fore wing with ochreous-brown fascia on inner margin nagaensis. h^. Fore wing with grey streak below costa fcrrispara. c^. Fore wing with the costal area pinkish ochreous •••• eostigera. e\ Fore wing with the ground-colour pale purplish grey more or less suffused with red-brown. a^. Fore wing without distinct diirk mark on sub- terminal fold mongolica. 6^. Fore wing with angulate dark mark on sub- terminal line in snbmedian fold formed of two spots advena. c^. Fore wing with lunulate dark mark on sub- terminal line in snbmedian fold tincta. p. Fore wing with tlie ground-colour whitish grey. a^. Fore wing with the dorsum of thorax not varie- gated with white. a^. Fore wing with prominent oblique dark medial shade on costal half, a*. Fore wing with the subterminal line angled inwards in discal fold, and witli prominent black streaks between it and termen latex. b^. Fore wing with the subterminal line not angled inwards Iti discal f ild, and with- out black streaks between it and termen... rogenhoferi. b^. Fore wing with the medial shade waved, indistinct. a*. Fore wing tinged and irrorated with brown. a'\ Fore wing with the upper subterminal black spot in submedian interspace elongate nchidosa. 92 NOCTUIDiE. h". Fore wing with the upper subterminal black spot in submedian interspace short, nimhosa. h*. Fore wing thickly irrorated with fuscous... mystica. '■. Fore wing with the dorsum of thorax variegated with white. a^. Fore wing with the white annulus of reniform broken up into small spots, «■*. F^ore wing with white annulus to reniform on inner side; subterminalline notstrongly defined by black scotochlora. b*. Fore wing with the white annulus to reni- form obscured by a black hniule on iuner side ; subterminal line very strongly defined by black goliath. P. Fore wing with the white annulus of reniform entire, a'. Foi'e wing without white sjDOt beyond the claviform. a°. Fore wing with the orbicular moderate, with brown centre adjuncia. h^. Fore wing with the orbicular small, with white centre dilatata. 6'. Fore wing with white spot beyond the claviform. a'. Fore wing without brown centre to orbicvdar variolata. b'. Fore wing with brown centre to orbicular, glaciata. 1253. Polia peregrina. Hadena peregrina, Treitsch. Schmett. Eur. v. 1, p. 330 (1825) ; Frr. Beitr. Eur. Schmett. pi. 70. f. 1 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 159. Koctua bUnna, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 706 (1827). Isocf.ua trimenda, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 789-791 (1827). Noctua contribuUs, Bois. Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 357, pi. 122. f. 1 (1827). Hadena salsolce, Embr. Ann. Soc. Obs. 1829, p. 258, pi. 6. f. 1. Head and thorax ochreous-white mixed with pale rufous ; tegular with medial black line ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomeu ochreous tinged with brown. Fore wing ochreous-white suffused with pale reddish brown ; a slight black stieak below base of cell ; subbasal line represented by double black striae filled in with whitish from costa and cell, intersecting the black streak ; antemedial line double filled in with whitish, waved, angled outwards in submedian fold and inwards on vein 1 ; claviform large, incompletely defined by black, a whitish patch beyond it on base of vein 2 often defined by black below ; orbicular and reniform large, incompletely defined by black, the former oblique elliptical ; postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side, dentate, the veins beyond it slightly streaked with black, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line ochreous, with dentate black marks on its inner side at middle, angled outwards at vein 7, dentate to termen at veins 4, 3, and excurved to tornus, the area beyond it tinged with fuscous except POLIA. 93 at apex ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing ochreous-white, the veins and termiual area more or less tinged with fuscous ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal lunula and curved postmedial series of points on the veins. Hah. Britain, I. of Wight ; S. France {Zdler), Frey & Leech Colls. ; jS". Italy ; Dalmatia ; Turkey ; S. Russia, Sarepta, Zeller Coll. ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Pontus, Bithynia. Exp. 36-40 millira. Larva. Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 180. Yellow, with numerous small brown annuli most prominent on dorsal area, some of them I'orming the dorsal and subdorsal lines ; lateral and stigmatal lines yellow, the former edged by brown striae above ; head reddish brown with yellowish points. Food-plants : Chenopodium, Salsola, and Mesemhr)jantJiemum. 1254. Polia contigua. Nociua contiqua, Scliiif. Wien. Verz p. 82 (1776) ; Ginel. ed. Syst. Nat. i. 5, p. 2543 (1788); Vill. Linn. Eut. iv. p. 468 (1789); Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 85, 609 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 289, pi. 91. f. 2; Frey, Beitr. i. pi. 16; Steph. 111. Brit. Eat., Haust. ii. p. 184; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 157. Noctua arite, Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 160. f. 8 (1786). Noctiia s-partii, Bralim, Ins. ii. p. 32.3 (1791). Mamestra subcoiit ig iia, £v. Bull. Mosc. 1852, i. p. 155; 1856, ii. pi. 2. f. 1, iii. p. 19. Head and thorax purplish-red mixed with grey and black ; frons with black bar, teguhe with black medial line ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen grey mixed with brown, the anal tuft sometimes ochreous. Fore wing grey mixed with brown and fuscous, the medial area tinged with rufous, an olive shade beyond the reniforra, the postmedial area greyer ; a sinuous black streak below base of cell ; a whitish patch at base of costa with the waved subbasal line on it, from costa to submedian fold; a double, waved antemedial line filled in with grey and strongly excurved below the cell ; claviform defined by black and with black streak from it to post- medial line ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former round or oblique elliptical, white and with whitish patch below it, the latter with brown centre and greyish annulus often more or loss angled inwards on median ncrvure ; traces of a waved medial line ; l)Ostmcdial line double, the outer line indistinct, minutely dentate and with slight black streaks beyond it on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, slightly defined by brown on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen at veins 4, 3, where there are small dentate black marks on its inner side, the area beyond it brown except at apex ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia intersected with i)inkish white. Hind wing white tinged with fuscous brown, especially on the veins and terminal 94 NOCTUID^, area ; a fine terminal dark line ; the cilia white ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with hrown, a small discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Ah. 1, suhcontigua. Darker. — Urals, Ipask. Hah. Britain, Scotland, England, Leech Coll. ; Fe.\nce, Leech Coll. ; Germany, Zoller & Frey Colls. ; N". Spain ; N. Italy ; Russia, Urals ; Armenia ; Siberia, Ussuri ; Japan (Pryer), 1 c? • Exj). 40 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 83 ; Barrett, Le]5. Brit. iv. p. 170, pi. 156. f. 1. Dull yellowish green, suffused with orauge-ochreous and mottled with reddish brown, above forming dorsal series of V-shaped marks ; spiracular line reddish brown. Food-plants : Oak, Birch, Solidago, etc. 8-9. 1255. Polia grandis. (Plate LXXX. fig. 30.) Hadena grandis, Boisd. Gen. et Ind. Meth. p. 120 (1840) ; Gueu. Noct. ii. p. 105, pi. 8. f. 10 ; Sinitli, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 118. Xylophania libera, Wlk. ix. 179 (1856). Head and thorax red-brown mixed with purplish grey ; frons with blackish bar ; tegulae with black medial line ; tarsi with pale reddish rings ; abdomen grey-brown, the dorsal crests dark at tijts, the anal tuft with a fulvous tinge. Fore wing purplish grey largely suffused with bright rufous and dark brown ; a sinuous black lino below base of cell ; traces of a pale curved subbasal line from costa ; antemedial line double, oblique, waved ; claviform short and broad, defined by black and with black streak from below it to postmedial line ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and grey aniiuli defined by black, the former round or elliptiLal, the latter extending to below cell ; an indistinct irregularly waved medial line, oblique from costa to below cell where it is angled ; postmedial lino double, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, the area beyond it lilacine grey ; subtermimil line white, defined on inner side by some rufous, with straight inner edge from below costa, some small dentate black marks before it at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate nearly to termen on veins 4, 3, the area beyond it suffused with black ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing fuscous brown with a yellowish tinge : the cilia whitish with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with reddish brown, a dark discoidal spot, slightly waved postmedial line, and diffused subter- minal band. Hah. Greenland ; Canada ; U.S.A., N.E. and Middle States, Maine, New York, Trenton Falls (Douhh'day), 2 J , 1 $ , type libera, Evans Centre ( Grote), 1 n whitish, dorsally tinged with brown or fuscous. Eore wing white irrorated with fuscous and black ; an ill-defined waved subbasal line angled inwards in cell and ending at vein 1, the costal area and cell from it to subterminal line tinged with fuscous ; antemedial line defined by whitish on inner side, oblique, waved, angled inwards on median nervure and vein 1 ; claviform short and broad, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by black, their centres obscurely defined by fuscous, the former round ; postmedial line defined by white on outer side, strongly dentate, double at costa, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish, defined by an irregularly dentate black line on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black lunules. Hind wing whitish suffused with brown, leaving the area beyond the sinuous post- medial line paler ; a dark terminal line ; cilia white; the underside white, with dark discoidal lunule, sinuous postmedial, line, and diffused subterminal band. Hah. Canada, Br. Columbia ; U.S.A., X., E., and Middle States, Trenton Falls {Doiibledaij\ 5 J , 1 $ , type, Colorado. Exp. 58-62 millim. 1286. Polia mystica. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 15.) Mamcstra mystica. Smith, Ent. News Philad. is. p. 242 (1898) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 156. cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-white mixed with black ; frons with black bar; tegulse with black medial line ; patagia edged with black on outer side ; tarsi banded with black. Fore wing grey-white, thickly irrorated with black ; a rather indistinct waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an irregularly waved antemedial line bent inwards in cell ; claviform indistinctly defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, grey defined by black, the former elliptical, somewhat oblique, the latter strongly constricted at middle ; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; the subterminal line whitish, defined by dentate blackish marks on inner side at costa, discal and submedian folds, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of prominent black lunules. Hind wing grey, irrorated and sufiused with fuscous : a postmedial fuscous band and the terminal area darker ; the cilia white, with a fuscous postmedial line through them ; the underside whiter, with fuscous postmedial line and subterminal series of diffused patches. IIG >'ocTnD.T;. Ilah. Canada, Maiiitobn, Winnipeg (Cctriivrit/Jil), 1 (S , 1 5, Alberta, Calgary (WoUey-Dod), 1 c? • J^-rj^- 50 millim. 1287. Polia scotochlora. (Plate LXXXI. fig. IG.) Polia scotochlora, K!oll. Hugel's Kasclimir, iv. p. 482 (1848) ; Ilinpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 203. Polia sfevensii, Gucn. Noct. ii. p. 38 (1852). Head and thorax clothed with black and white scales ; antenna) and tardi black, ringed with white ; abdomen brownish grey and fuscous, Fore wing grey-white, irrorated with black and tinged with olive-f ascous, especially on medial and. terminal areas ; sub- basal line double, waved, interrupted, from costa to vein 1 ; aute- medial line double, waved, bent inwards in cell ; claviform defined bv black, its extremity usually indented ; orbicular and reniform white defined by black and with some fuscous at centre, both large and with irregular edges, the former somewhat quadrate ; a dentate medial line angled outwards on median nervure ; postmcdial line double filled in with white, dentate, bent outwards bclov\^ costa and incurved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line white, dentate, defined by dentate black marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to near termen on veins 4, 3, the area beyond it dark ; a terminal series of small quadrate black spots defined by white ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing pale, suffused with fuscous brown leaving a white patch on termen above tornus ; cilia white, with a dark line through them ; the underside white irrorated with fuscous, a black discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line, Hab. Kashmir; Punjab, Murree (Harfoi-d), 1 c? , 2 §, Simla, 1 2 , Dalhousie, 1 $ , Thuudiani (Terburi/), 1 c? , 2 $ ; SiKnur Tibet, Yatong {Blnrjliam), 1 5 , Exp. 50-56 millim. ] 288. Polia goliath. Dichona gnlia/k, Obertlj. Et. Ent. v. j). C>S, pi. C. f. 7 (1880); Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 156. Head and thorax white ; palpi with the 2nd joint black at sides ; frons with black bar ; vertex of head with black marks ; tegukie with black medial line ; patagia edged with black ; pro-, meso-, and metathorax with black marks ; tibia} and tarsi banded with black ; abdomen white, dorsally sufiused with fuscous, forming more or less distinct segmental bands, the dorsal crests tipped with black, the anal segment edged Avith black before the anal tuft. Fore wing white, variegated with pale olive irrorated with black ; a black striga from near base of costa and black streak above base of inner margin; subbasai line double, from costa to vein 1, the two parts widely separated, especially in cell, where the inner is angled in- wards and the outer outwards ; antemedial line double, oblique, angled outwards below costa, then irregularly waved and angled inwards ou vein 1 ; claviform with bhicki.K Fore wing without black streak below base of cell. «■'. Fore wing purplish red. a^. Fore wing without dentate white mark on stib- terminal line above tornus olcracca. b''\ Fore wing with dentate white mark on subter- minal line above torn us jjisi. h'. Fore wing purplish grey witii some red suffusion, tacoma. c\ Fore wing fuscous brown. a". Fore wing with llie orbicular and reniform pro- minently defined by black, the postmedial line dentate below vein 4 satancUa. b^. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform ill- defined, the postmedial line strongly incurved and not dentate below vein 4 quadrata. d'. Fore wing ochreous grey tingcfl with rufous sofl.u. b^. Fore wing with the subterminal line not forming a distinct ^''^f^'k. a^. Fore wing with the reniform large, kidney-shaped. a*. Abdomen without pink lateral stripes. a\ Fore wing with the ground-colour purplish grey. a". Fore wing with the ante- and ))ostmedial lines connected by a more or less prominent black streak in submedian fold. a". Fore wing with pale dentate mark on base of vein 2. o^. Fore wing strongly irrorated with brown ... gufriiia. /'". Fore wing not strongly irrorated wit li brown, dentina. b''. Fore wing without pale dentate mark on base of vein 2. r/'*. Head and tegulie not white, a". Fore wing with the claviform defined by black. 122 NOCTTID-K. «'". Fore wing williout black stre'ik in >ub- niedian fold Ironi subterminal line to terinen. «". Fore wing without lilnok stre;ik in suu- itiedian fold between postinedial and subterminal lines. a^-. Fore wing with dentate black marks before subterminal line glauca. //'-. Fore wing without dentate black marks before subterminal line f/asiva. h^ ' . Fore wing with blaok streak in submedian fold between postmedial and subterminal lines paranica. I/". Fore wing with black streak in submedian fold i'rom subterminal line to ternicn. «'^. lliud wing of male wholly tinged with brown cuneata. h^'^. Hind wing of male white, the terminal area suffused with brown. ft'-. Fore wing without dentate black marks before subterminal line caujuina. b^-. Fore wing with dentate black marks before subterminal line. a^\ Fore wing moderately broad ; renifurin extending well below cell vidua. b^^. Fore wing narrow ; reniform extending slightly below cell pensilis. b^. Fore wing with the claviform forming part of the black streak spgrcgafa. //. Head and tegulre white cnivdti. ¥'. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines not connected by a black streak in submedian fold. «". Fore wing with lunulate white mark beyond the claviform albomarginafa. b''. Fore wing without lunulate white mark beyond the claTiform. ci^. Fore wing with pale dentate mark on base of vein 2 mista. b^. Fore wing without pale dentate mark on base of vein 2. 0^. Fore wing with some yellowish in submedian fold at base and beyond claviform muiilata. b'\ Fore wing without yellowish in submedian fold, a'". Fore wing with the claviform small, acute at extremity, a". Fore wing wholly suffused with red- brown bcani. i". Fore wing with the costal area, cell, and terminal area suffused with red-brown. a'^. Fore wing with the orbicular large Icgitima. 6'-. Fore wing with the orbicular small dodi. b^°. Fore wing with the claviform large, rounded at extremity. a^K Fore wing without prominent white annuli to stigmata. a}-. Fore wing with the claviform not filled in with blackish lilacina. b^'^. Fore wing with the claviform filled in with blackish illoba. roLiA. 123 b^K Fore wing with prominent white nnnuli to stigmata didyota. . Fore wing with the ground-colour dull brown to black or reddish brown. i^. Hind wing more or less completely tinged with brown. «'. Fore wing with the medial area concoloroiis or slightly darker. cC^. Fore wing with tJie inner postmedial area concolorous. a'. Fore wing without pale patch on sub- terminal line in submedian fold. «'°. Fore wing with the stigmata not filled in with black, fl^^. Fore wing with the claviform present. a}'-^. Fore wing with the reniform angled inwards on median nervure calbertai. b^~. Fore wing with the renii'orm concave towards base yavisa. c^-. Fore wing with the reniform convex towards base. «". Fore wing with the subterminal line greyish, indistinct. a}^. Hind wing not reddish brown. a^". Fore wing dull grey-brown goodelli. b^". Fore wing black-brown sadales. h^K Hind wing reddisli brown chalcia. ¥'\ Fore wing with the subterminal line prominent, wliite cctypa. //". Fore wing with the claviform absent, a'-. Fore wing dull brown. u}''\ Fore wing with the reniform pale, witliout white points on its lower edge. a}*. Fore wing with dentate black marks before subterminal line iioverca. i'*. Fore wing without dentate black marks before subterminal line boUeri. b^^. Fore wing with the reniform fuscous with pale points on its outer edge ... mania. b^^. Fore wing black-browu. a^^. Fore wing with the subterminal line white, interrupted obscura. 6". Fore wing with the subterminal line ochreous, concolorous r/wrcns. b'". Fore wing with the stigmata filled in with black atrircna. //". Fore wing with pale patch on subterminal line in submedian fold. «'". Fore wing with the patch on subterminal line white assunilu. b^". Fore wing with the patch on subterminal line ochreous. «^'. Fore wing witli white points on outer edge of reniform ai/a. '>". Fore wing with white lunule on outer edge of reniform nervina. b^. Fore wing with more or less distinct pale patch on inner postmedial area, a". Fore wing with tiie orbicular round. a"\ Fore wing witli grey annuli to the stigmata pannosa. 124 NocTriii.r.. /;'". Fore wing wilhout gri'v aiiiiuli to tlic stigmata dipicn/ffidia. P. Fore wing with the orbicular represented by a slight ochreous s-treak '. xanihocn^ma. h''. Fore wing with the medial area whitisli mc-^of/fawa. b^. Hind wing pure white, the teniiinnl area more or less tinged with fuscons in female. a~. Fore wing with the renil'orm filled in with wliite .' spn/n-i. L~' . Fore wing with the renil'orm not Ulled in with white. «". Fore wing with the subterminal line incurved at discul fold. f/^. Fore wing not striated with fnscou-; riipresceiTs. Ifi. Fore wing striated with fuscous iiiesomelana. //**. Fore wing with the subterminal line nut incurved at diseal fold ftircilinca. <■'. Fore wing with the groimd-colour oolireous brown. (('\ Fore wing with dentate black marks bcfure subterminal line. ci'. F^ore wing with dark marks on terminal aroa, beyond subterminal line 'iiiagdlana. h' . Fore wing with the terminal area pale, without dark marks bej'oud subterminal line Ichnmi. h'\ Fore wing without dentate black marks before subterminal line. «". F'ore wing witli slight pale streaks in diseal and submedian folds den fa. h~. F'ore wing without pale streaks in diseal and submedian folds iflrcfehi. d\ Fore wing with the ground-colour whitish. a^. Hind wing whitish, the terminal area suffused viith fuscous. a'^ . Fore wing not suffused with green. (1^. F'ore wing with diffused medial shade ^x//i7/.s-. IP. Fore wing with the medial area from costa to median nervnre darker than ground- colour Imirjiclara. c^. Fore wing with tiie whole medial area darker than ground-colour. a^. F'ore wing with the ground-colour almost pure white, ft^". Fore wing without medial line. a}^. Fore wing with prominent white streak above vein 5, arising from reniform doira. /;". Fore wing without prominent white streak above vein 5 arising from reni- form sfcnof IS. ft'". Fore wing with waved medial line cappa. b^. Fore wing with the ground-colour grey- white. a^". Fore wing witli yellow mai'kings on reni- form and subterminal line dj/sodca. b^". Fore wing without yellow markings on reniform and subterminal line. fi'^'^. Fore wing with the elaviform elongate... maderce. h^^. Fore wing with the clavifurm short serena. U . Fore wing largely suffused with green. cfl. Fore wing with the medial area not darker than the ground-colour. 125 a^. Fore wing with the stigmata not defined by black olivocincta. b^. Fore wing witli the stigmata defined by bhick marea. b'^. Fore wing witli the medial area darker llian the ground-eoh)ii r ^uhjecta. b^. Hind wing wholly I'nscous coi/Jusa. e^. Fore wing with the ground-colour green psittacita. /;'. Abdomen with pink lateral stripes ■pictula. VK Fore wing with the reniforni ?mall, narrow, and usually more or less angled inwards on median nervure, rarely absent or represented by a black lunule. «■*. Hind wing not bright yellow. rt'. Fore wing with the postinedial line incurved or oblique from vein 5 to inner margin. a!^. Fore wing with the extremity of median nervure streaked with white spiciilosa. ft". Fore wing with the extremity of median nervure net streaked with white. ((^ . Hind wing of male white, the terminal area suflused with liiscous rcnicjtra. b~. Hind wing of male wholly tinged with fuscous. a^. Fore wing reddish brown, the postmedial area pale rufous. ifi. Fore wing wilh promment white annulus to reniform. rt'". P'ore wing pale rufous to fuscous brown... sfric/a. fti". Fore wing bright brown ferrcalix. //. Fore wing without white annulus to reui- form larea. ft". Fore wing grey more or less suffused with fuscous black, especially on medial area. a^. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines separate at inner margin ; stigmata well developed olivacea. h^. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines almost touching at inner margin ; stigniata almost obsolete vau-mpflia. r~*. Fore wing fuscous brown with some ochreous on postmedial area subpicta. h^. Fore wing with the postmedial line iiu'urved or oblique from vein 4 to inner margin. cfi. Hind wing white, the termen more or less tinged with fuscous. es])ecially in female. a' . Fore wing with the grouud-colour white tinged with green or ochreous. «■*. Fore wing with the reniform represented by a black lunule poUrt^/i,-;. ft**. Fore wing witli tiie reniforni white lau(labili,-<. h''. Fore wing with the ground-colour white not tinged with green or oclireous mnnnica. c'. Fore wing with the ground-colour grey- white, a"*. Fore wing with tlie ante- and postmedial lines approximated on inner margin, a". Fore wing with the antemedial line very oblique quadrilincn/a. P. Fore wing with tiie aniemedial line neai-ly erect viffufn. 126 NOCTtriDiB, J/. Fore wing witli the ante- and postniedial lines not approximated on iinier margin. aP. Fore wing not suffused with black. rt^". Fore wing with the lines double. a}^. Fore wing tinged with olive and with black streak above tornus incurra. b^^. Fore wing not tinged with olive and without black streak above tornus inteiitata. h^°. Fore wing witli the lines single ciiiica. h^. Fore wing suffused with black on medial area hodcva. r^. Fore wing almost wholl3- suffused with black alhofjuifafa. d~ . Fore wing witii the ground-colour reddish brown mixed with grey crecta. e' . Fore wing with the ground colour fuscous grey with yellow streaks in discal and submedian folds da'h. i". Hind wing yellowish, the terminal area suffused with fuscous riujosa. c^. Hind wing wholly tinged with fuscous. a'. Fore wing with the ground-colour grey more or less tinged with green mririnitiiicta. V . Fore wing grey, the medial area brown, er**. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniforin present mediana. //. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform absent fasciafa. c' . Fore wing whitish suffused with rosy pink ... roseosaffusa. d'. Fore wing with the ground-colour purplish or dark brown renisi.gna. c". Fore wing fuscous brown with white spots. cC^. Fore wing tinged with green; the reniform angled inwards on median nervure goniophara. b". Fore wing not tinged with green, the reni- form not angled inwards on median nervure. rudis. e'. Fore wing with the postmedial line excurved from vein 13 to inner margin esnpis. b^. Hind wing bright yellow. a'. Hind wing with the terminal band rather narrow and not expanding on apical area bohcmanni. I?. Hind wing with the terminal band broad and expanding on apical area i^ecrdcns. 1294. Polia praedita. Koctua frec'dda, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. r)9.5 (1S27) ; Led. Ann. Soc. Ent. Eelge, xiii. pi. 1. f. 11 (1870); Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 160. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey slightly tinged with fuscous. Fore wing grey, the antemedial and medial areas tinged with fuscous except towards costa and inner margin ; a black streak below base of cell ; subbasal line absent ; antemedial line defined by white on outer side, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then nearly erect ; claviform almost obsolete, a dentate whitish mark beyond it on base of vein 2 ; orbicular and reniform with brownish centres and white annnli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, open above; the median nervure and veins rising from it POLIA. 127 defined bj- fine white streaks ; terminal area brown except at apex, extending to inner side of the subterrainal line which is white, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen on veins 4, 3. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, the terminal area suffused with fuscous ; the underside white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and sinuous punctiforra postmedial lino. Hab. S.E. Russia, Sarepta, 2 d" , Zellcr Coll. ; Akmenia : W. Tur- kestan-, Ferghana, Issyk-kul ; E. Turkbstan, Khashgar ; Kasemir, Nubra (McArtliur), 2 S . E.vp. 34: millim. *1295. Folia prodeniformis. (Plate LXXXL fig. 18.) Mamesti-a prodeniformis. Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mas. x. p. 404 (1887) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 117. § . Head and thorax dark brown mixed with grej- and black ; teguloe with black medial line ; abdomen reddiwh brown, the ventral surface whitish irrorated with brown. Pore wing whitish with a slight violaceous tinge, suff'used in parts with reddish brown and fuscous, especiall}' on medial area and costal area before subterminal line ; a black streak below base of cell interru])ted by the black- edged white striga representing the subbasal line, with a whitish patch beyond it outwardly edged by black ; antemedial line double, black filled in with white, obsolete on costal area, angled inwards on vein 1, then very strongly outward above inner margin ; claviform large, defined by black, a dentate whitish mark beyond it on vein 2 ; orbicular and rcniform with white annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, open above and forming a U-shaped mark with its arms ])roduced outwards above, the latter with its outer part tinged with pale rufous and its lower with black ; an indistinct medial line obliquely incurved from costa to below end of cell, then dentate ; postmedial line indistinctly double, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and below vein 5, slightly excurved below vein 2 ; subterrainal line white, defined on inner side by irregular dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen on veins 4, 3, the area beyond it suffused with black except at apex ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia fuscous and whitish. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area suffused with fuscous ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown. I/ah. U.S.A., Xew Mexico, Hot Springs, in coll. J. ]i. Smith. E.vp. 34 millim. 129G. Polia furcula. (riate LXXXT. fig. 19.) Mametitra furcula, Stand. Stett. cnt. Zeit. 188'J, p. 36; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. Ifil). Head and thorax grey mixed with brown and fuscous ; tegute with two more or less prominent black lines ; patagia with some 128 xocTuiD.r.. black scales on upper edge ; abdomen grey mixed with fuscous. Fore wing grey with a violaceous tinge and slight brown suffusion, the medial area brown except towards costa and inner margin ; subbasal line represented by double black striae from costa and cell filled in with white ; anteraedial line double filled in witli Avhite, waved from costa to vein 1, then strongly angled outwards, some- times almost to postmedial line ; claviform large, brown defined by black, acute at extremity, a bidentate white mark above it on vein 2 ; orbicular and reniform small, defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, white with slight brown centre, the latter brown with slight white annulns ; postmedial line defined by white on outer side, angled outwards below costa and sharply at vein 5, then incurved and angled on veins 2 and 1 ; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by dentate black marks below costa and at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen at veins 4, 3, the area beyond it suffused with brown ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing white ; the veins, base, and inner area suffused with brown ; a broad terminal fuscous-brown band ; cilia white ; the underside sparsel}' irrorated with brown, a small discoidal lunule, crenulate postmedial line, and diffused subterminal band. Bah. W. TuRKESiiN, Issyk-kul, 1 c? , 1 $ ; E. Turkestan, Hi; Kashmir, Kardong, 14,000' \McArtJmr), 4 J, Digha Pass, 15,000' (JllcArthur), 4 c? . Ex^y. 30 millim. *1297. Polia eversmanni. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 20.) Mamestra eversmanni, Staucl. Iris, xii. p. 367, pi. 6. f. 14 (1900); id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. IGO. 2 . Head and thorax grey tinged with fulvous and mixed with some black scales ; tarsi blackish, with pale rings ; abdomen whitish tinged with fuscous, the anal tuft with ochreous. Pore wing grey, tinged with purplish and suffused with brown, especially on medial and terminal areas; subbasal line double, dentate, from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line double, irregularly waved, from costa to submedian fold, angled inwards on vein 1 and more strongly out- wards above inner margin ; claviform large, fuscous brown defined by black, acute at extremity, a prominent bidentate whitish mark beyond it on base of vein 2; orbicular and reniform moderate, defined by black, the former rounded, whitish with brown centre, the latter greyish with whitish annulus ; a medial line oblique from costa to vein 2, then dentate; a double postmedial line, bent out- wards below costa, incurved at discal fold, incurved between veins 5 and 2 and at inner margin ; subterminal line yellowish white, defined on inner side by dentate black marks below costa and at middle, angled outwards at vein 7, dentate to termen at veins 4, 3, and bent outwards to tornus ; a terminal series of black lunules : cilia brown intersected with white. Hind wing pure white, -the reins, basal and inner areas suffused with fuscous; the terminal POLIA, lli9 area black; the cilia white; underside white, the costal area irrorated with black, a discoidal point, the terminal area black. Hub. E. Turkestan, Korla, in Coll. Piingeler. Exp. 40 millim. 1208. Polia schneideri. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 21.) Mamestra Kchiieidcri, Staud. Iris, xii. p. 368 (1900) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 160. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with brown ; tegulae with black medial line ; tarsi with pale rings. Fore wing grey-hrovvn ; subbasal lino represented by double black striiB from costa and cell ; a double black streak above inner margin before the antemedial line, which is double, filled in with grey, angled outwards below costa and strongly above inner margin, slightly excurved between those points ; claviform brown defined by black, acute at extremity, a bidentate whitish mark above it on vein 2 ; orbicular oblique elliptical, with brown centre and whitish annulus defined by black ; reniform rather narrow, fuscous grey defined by black ; an indistinct medial line oblique from costa to vein 2, then dentate ; postmedial line double, filled in with grey, bent outwards below costa, incurved to vein 4, then bisinuate, the area beyond it paler with some whitish points on costa ; subterminal line whitish, defined on inner side by black streaks below costa and dentate marks at middle, anoled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen on veins 4, 3, the area beyond it suff'used with black ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia pale brown, with darker lino through them and inter- sected with ochreous. Hind wing whitish, the base tinged with brown, the veins, discoidal lunule, and terminal half brown; cilia white ; the underside whitish slightly irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule, slight curved postmedial line, and broad sub- terminal band. Hdh. W. Turkestan, Ferghana, Issyk-kul ; E. Turkestan, Korla, Kuldja, 1 $ ; Kashmir, Deosai Plains {Leech), 1 J . Exp. 40-44 millim. 1299. Polia perdentata. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 22.) Hadena perdentata. ITmpsn. Motlis Ir.d. ii. p. 198 (1894). Mamestra bifida, Puug. Iris, xv. p. 149, pi. 5. f. 3 (1902). Head and thorax purplish brown slightly mixed with grey; tegulae with two black lines near upper edge ; patagia edged with black ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen fuscous mixed with ochreous. Fore wing dark purplish grey suffused in parts with brown ; sub- basal line represented by double black striae from costa and cell filled in with grey ; a dentate black mark on inner area before the antemedial. line, which is double and filled in with grey, angled outwards below costa and strongly above inner margin, waved between those points ; claviform largo, defined by black, a pale bidentate mark above and beyond it on vein 2 ; orbicular small, obli(jue elliptical, with brown centre and ochreous annulus defined VOL. V. K 130 xoCTUiDJi:. by black; reniform large, fuscous grey defined by black, with brown, and ochreous line on inner side; an indistinct medial line, oblique from costa to vein 2, then dentate ; postmedial line double filled in "with grey, bent outwards below costa, incurved to vein 5, then oblique and minutely waved, augled inwards above inner margin, the area beyond it rather paler except at costa, on which are some pale points ; subterminal line ochreous, defined on inner side by black streaks below costa and dentate marks at middle, the area beyond it rather darker except at apex, angled outwards to termen at veins 7, 4, 3, a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia grey, with blackish line through them and intersected with ochreous. Hind wing fuscous brown with darker terminal line, the cilia pale with brown line through them ; the underside pale thickly irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. W. TuRKKSTAN, Alexander Mts., typef hifida J $ in Coll. Piingeler ; Kashmir, Kokser (McArthur), 1 $ type ; Punjab, Kulu, 1 c? . Exp. 42 millim. 1300. Polia farnhami. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 23.) Mamesira farnhami, Grote, EuU. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. i. p. 103, pi. 3. f. 2 (1873); Smith, Cat. Noot. N. Am. p. 116. Head and thorax purplish red-brown slightly mixed with grey ; teguhe with medial black line and some black scales at tips ; patagiawith some black on upper edge ; abdomen yellowish brown, trie dorsal crests darker. Eore wing purplish, the veins with dark screaks ; the subbasal line represented by double black stria) filled in with grey from costa and cell, and^with some brown beyond it above vein 1 ; anttmcdial line double, black filled in with pale brown, waved and angled outwards above inner margin ; claviform large, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform narrow, defined by black, the former oblique elliptical with rufous centre and whitish annulus, the latter with whitish line on inner side, followed by rufous, then purplish ; medial line oblique from costa to vein 2, then dentate, with a whitish mark before it below the orbicular, bidentate on vein 2 and subniedian fold ; the medial area from subcostal nervure to submedian fold browner ; postmedial line double, black filled in with pale brown, bent outwards below costa, incurved to vein 5 where it is angled outwards, then oblique and dentate, somo whitish points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish, interrupted by an oblique whitish fascia from apex, angled outwards to termen at vein 7, dentate to termen on veins 4, 3, and bent outwards to tornus, defined on inner side by a series of dentate black marks, the area beyond it rather browner ; cilia intersected with whitish. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, the veins and terminal area suffused with fuscous ; cilia yellowish white ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal lunule, sinuous postmedial line and terminal series of small lunules. Hah. Canada, Calgary ( Wolley-Dod), 2 $ ; U.S.A., Colorado, 1 c? type, {Coclcerell) 1 ? , Glenwo )d Springs. Exp. 44 millim. 131 1301. Polia furca. Mamesfra furca, Ev. Bull. Soc. Mosc. 1852, i. p. 154; Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schiiiett., Koct. f. 628; SUud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 160. Bianthmcia coUeti, Sparre-Schneider, Sieb. Euum. iii. p. 56 (1876). d" . Head and thorax grey mixed with some red-brown ; palpi blackish at sides ; tegulae with two black lines near upper edge; patagia edged with black above ; abdomen grey-brown, the anal tufr and ventral surface tinged with rufous. Fore wiug grey suffused with pale purplish ; the subbasal line represented by double black strife from costa and cell filled in with whitish ; a blackish shade on inner area before the double antemedial line, which is filled in with whitish, angled outwards below costa and above inner margin and waved between those points ; claviforni large, dark brown defined by black, acute at extremity ; orbicular small, ellip- tical, white defined by black and with slight brown centre, a whitish line on its outer edge confluent with the bidentato white mark on vein 2 before the medial line, which is oblique from costa to vein 2, then dentate ; renifoim with grey centre and whitish annulus de- fined by black, rather narrow ; postmedial line double filled in with whitish, bent outwards below costa, incurved to vein 5, then oblique and minutely waved, the area beyond it purplish grey with some white points on costa ; subterminal line whitisli defined on inner side by some black streaks below costa and dentate marks at middle, the area beyond it blackish except at apex, angled out- wards at vein 7 and dentate to termen at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia with white line at base and intersected with white. Hind wing fuscous brown, the interspaces of basal half whitish; cilia white, with a brown line through them; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a discoidal point, waved postmedial line and slight diffused subterminal band. Huh. Noeway; W. Tuekestan, Saisan, lssyk-kul,Kuruk Tag, 1 S , Alexander Mts., 1 c? , 1 $ ; E. Tuekestan, Hi, Korla ; Mongolia, Uliassutai ; Tibet, Xuku-noor ; E. Siberia. Exp. 42 millim. 1302. Polia suavis. Mamestra suavis, Staud. Rom. Mem. vi. p. 428, pi. 7. f. 4 (1892) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 169. S • Head and thorax greyish mixed with brown ; tegulae with medial dark line ; some black scales near upper edge of patagia ; tarsi with whiti:^h rings ; abdomen grey tinged with pale reddish brown. Fore wing purplish pink suffused and irrorated with blackish, leaving the postmedial area and an apical patch purplish ; subbasal line double, black filled in with purplish pink, slightly waved from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, filled in with pink, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform large, defined by black, a dentate pinkish patch beyond it on base of vein 2 ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by black, the former pinkish, oblique elliptical, the K ill 132 xoctthd^ii. latter purplish grey, its centre defined by fuscous, slightly angled inwards on median ncrvure and almost touching former ; an in- distinct medial line, oblique t'rom costa to below cell ; postmedial line double, filled in with purplish, dentate, bent outwards below costa, and obliqne below vein 5, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterrainal line white, defined by fuscous on inner side, forming somewhat dentate marks below costa and at middle, angled •outwards at vein 7 and dentate to near termen on veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small dentate black marks; a whitish line at base of cilia. Hind wing whitish sufFased with brown ; cilia whitish ; underside whitish irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule, dentate postmedial line, and traces of diffused subterminal band. Hah. Tibet, Kuku-noor ; E. Siberia, Ussuri, 1 S • Exp. 38 millim. 1303. Polia liqnida. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 24.) Mamestra liquida, Grote, Papilio, i. p. 58 (1S81); Smith, Cat. Noet. N. Am. p. 116. Head and thorax blue-grey mixed with red-brown ; tegulas with dark brown medial line followed by rufous ; patagia with some black scales above ; abdomen grey, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing blue-grey ; the subbasal line represented by black spots below costa and cell, defined by blue-grey on outer side, the costal area beyond it suffused with red-brown to subterminal line, on medial area extending to submedian fold or vein 1 ; antemedial line double filled in with blue-grej', angled outwards below costa, then oblique waved ; claviform well developed, defined by black and filled in with fuscous ; orbicular and reniform rather narrow, with brownish centres and whitish annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, with a grey streak below it on vein 2, often developed into a prominent wedge-shaped mark ; postmedial line double, filled in with blue-grey, minutely dentate and produced to black points on the veins, bent ou' wards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, oblique below vein 4, the area beyond it blue-grey except towards costa, on which are some white points ; subterminal line white, defined by a red-brown line on its inner side and by the area beyond it being red-brown except at apex, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen on veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of minute black lunules ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing white suffused with brown, leaving an ill-defined whitish postmedial band ; the underside white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal point. Hah. U.S.A., Washington, ] c? , 2 $ type, Oregon, Colorado, Exp. 40-44 millim. 1304. Polia radix. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 25.) Agrofis radix, Wlk. x. 3.32 (]8r)6) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 1 17. Mamestra dimmocki, Grote, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil. 187.^. p. 4"20. Mamcsfra desperata, Smith, J'roc. I^.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 221 (1891). MLii. , 133 Head and thorax purplish red-brown slightly mixed with grey ; palpi blackish at sides ; tegula3 with black medial line ; abdomen pale red-brown. Fore wing deep red-brown slightly suffused with grey ; a sinuous black streak below base of cell ; a double, waved subbusal line from costa to submedian fold ; a double, oblique, waved antemedial line; claviform slightly defined by black ; orbi- cular and reniform large, slightly defined by black, the former irregularly elliptical, the latter extending to below coll ; an irregular medial line angled outwards on median nervure ; postmedial line dcfineil by greyish on outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line whitish, defined by somewhat dentate red-brown marks on inner side, angled outwards below cotta and dentate nearly to tcrmen on veins 4, 3. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia whitish ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with dark brown, a dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Canada, Hudson's Bay, St. Martin's Falls (Barnston), 1 cJ type, Nova Scotia (Redman), i 5 , Calgary ( Wolley-Dod), 1 (^ , 2 J ; U.S.A., Maine, 1 $, New Hampshire, White Mts. (VimmocJc), 1 2 type dimmocJci, Colorado, California, Sierra Nevada. Exp. 40 millim. Larva. (Original.) Head heavily reticulate with black, the pale luteous ground appearing in small dotted patches. Body light grey-brown, the tubercles, a series ot cuneiform subdorsal patches, and a stigmatal shade blackish. The subdorsal patches are a little oblique, sharply terminated behind, and the pair on joint 12 are confluent. Faint yellowish dorsal and subdorsal lines. Cervical shield and anal plate darkened. Snbstigmatal band broad, slightlj' paler than the ground-colour. A general feeder. — H. G. D. 1305. Polia atlantica. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 26.) Hade7ia w-latinum, Guen. Noct. ii. p, J04 (part.), nee Iliifu. Mamestra atlaniica, Grote, Bull. Bufi'. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 12 (1874); Sniitli, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 117. Mameitra discolor, Spejer, Slett. ent. Zeit. xxxvi. p. 142 (1875). cj . Head and thorax grey-browu with a reddish tinge ; palpi blackish at sides, frons with black bar ; tepulae with black medial line ; abdomen grey-brown tinged with reddish. Fore wing grey- brown sutt'used with rufous, except the costal area to beyond middle; a sinuous black streak below base of cell ; a subbasal black striga from costa ; antemedial line defined by grey on inner side, angled outwards below costa and inwards on subcostal and median nervures and vein 1, excurved below cell ; claviform moderate, defined by black and filled in wilh brown ; orbicular and renifurra with greyish annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, open above, the latter extending to below cell ; a dark shade beyond lower angle of cell ; some pide points on costa towards the subterminal line, which is yellowish white, angled outwards at vein 7, and dentate to terraen on veins 4, 3, some dentate black marks before it 134 TfOCIVIDM. at middle and the area beyond it darker ; a terminal series of email black lunules; cilia intersected with whitish. Hind wing whitish suffused with brown, darker on terminal area ; cilia yellowish white ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Uab. Canada (Norman), 1 c? , Calgary ( Wolley-Dod), 1 d , 1 $ ; U.S.A., E. States, 2 S type, Massachusetts, 2 S, Wisconsin, Yirginia. Exp. 36 millim. 1306. Polia vidua. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 27.) Mamestra vidua, Staud. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1888, p. 17; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 159. c5' . Head and thorax grey mixed with brown ; frons with black bar above ; tcgulae with black line near lips ; tarsi with white rings ; abdomen brownish grey. Fore wing grey suffused and irrorated with dark brown, the medial area more strongly suffused with brown except on costal area ; subbasal line black, slightly angled outwards on median nervure, ending on the rather wedge- shaped black streak below base of cell ; autemedial line black defined by whitish on inner side, angled outwards below costa, then waved and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform large, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform largo, m ith brownish centres and white annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, its lower extremity nearly touching the latter, which is somewhat concave on inner side ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line black, defined by whitish on outer side, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subtcrminal line white with slight dentate brown marks before it at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen at veins 4, 3, the area beyond it rather darker except at apex ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; the underside grey irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Eah. W. TuKKESTAN, Ferghana, Issyk-kul, 1 S . Exj). 30 miUim. 1307. Polia splendens. Noctua splendens, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 400 (1827) ; Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 396; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 157. Head and thorax bright purplish red to pale dull rufous ; tegulae with slight medial line ; abdomen ochreous tinged with purplish red or rufous. Fore wing bright purplish red to pale rufous, the veins and costal area irrorated with white ; a dark rufous streak below base of cell; subbasal line indistinct, white, waved, from costa to submediau fold: antemedial line waved ; claviform small to moderate, defined by rufous ; orbicular and reniform irrorated with white and with fine white annuli defined by ruibus, the former oblique, irregularly elliptical, a sinuous medial shade oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, where it is angled ; postmedial line POLIA. 135 slightly bent outwards below costa, oblique to vein 6, then inwardly oblique, minutely dentate and produced to short streaks on the veins, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line fino, white, defined on inner side by a prominent dark rufous shade except towards costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate oa veins 4, 3. Hind wing ochreous suffused with fuscous brown, the basal and inner areas paler ; the cilia ochreous, sometimes tinged with purplish pink ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas suffused with red, a small discoidal lunule and carved post- medial line. Uah. Germany, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; IIussia, Livonia, Zeller Coll. ; Rumelia ; E. Siberia, Amurland, 1 $ , Ussuri ; Corba,. Exp. 36-40 miUim. Larva. Streckfuss, Ent. Nachr. vi. p. 279. Gi'ound-colour very variable, pale brassy or yellowish green to blackish or dark olive-green, thickly irrorated with white points; dorsal and subdorsal lines formed of larger white dots ; lateral line yellow or white, with the black-edged white spiracles on it ; the ground-colour darker above lateral line and on each side of sub- dorsal line ; each somite with four dorsal black dots, forming straight lines on thoracic somites, on medial somites triangular marks, and on terminal somite a quadrate mark, each somite also with two dots above and below lateral line ; head brownish or yellowish. Food-i»lants : grass, litimex, PhoiUtijo. Differs from M. oleracea in the lateral stripe being broader, sharply defined below, and usually more yellow ; the cervical shield without the four black dots. 1308. Polia oleracea. Nocfua oleracea, Linn. Svst. Nat. x. p. 517 (1858); Esp. Schraett. iv. pi. 165, tf. 4-8 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 20, pi. 101. f. 6 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 193 ; 8taud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 157. Noctua spinaci(B, Bork. Eur. S(-liinett. iv. p. 454 (1792). Mamestra variegata, Aust. Le Nat. iii. p. 142 (1885). Head and thorax rather dull red-brown slightly irrorated with white ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen ochreous sufi'used with brown. Fore wing rather dull red-brown ; the veins and costal area irrorated with white ; a small white tuft at base ; faint traces of a waved white subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an indistinct antemedial line excurved in interspaces and angled in- wards on median nervure and vein 1 ; claviform slightly defined by rufous ; orbicular small, irregularly rounded, with whitish annulus ; reniform indistinctly defined by brown, open above, with an orange spot in its upper part ; traces of an oblique medial line from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line indistinct, dentate, often i)roduced to a series of white points on the veins, bent out- wards below co.sta, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some \vhite points beyond it on costa subterminal line white, indistinct towards costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen at veins 4, 3 ; cilia with a fine pale line at base. Hind wing yellowish white. 136 >'OGTUID.y. slightly tinged with brown, the veins and terminal area suffused ■with brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas slightly irrorated with brown and tinged with purplish pink, a small diicoidal spot and curved postmedial series of strise on the veins. Ab. 1. varier/ata. Much paler. — Morocco. Bab. Britain, Scotland, England, Lcecli Coll., Ireland ; France; Germany, Zeller Coll. ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; Algiers, Leech Coll.; Morocco, Tangier (Meade-Waldo), 1 $ ; Eussia, Livonia, Zeller Coll.; Armenia; Asia Minor, Pontus, Bithynia: Syria; W. Tdrkestan, Tura, Issyk-kul, Tarbagatai Mts. ; E. Turkestan, Hi. E.vjy. 42 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 84; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 186, pi. 158. f. 1. Green or brown, white-dotted ; warts black ; spiracular line yellow, edged above with dark grey. Food-plants : Urtica, Rumex, Elm, Brassica, etc. 7-9. 1309. Poliapisi. NocUia pisi, Linn. Syst. Nat. x. p. 517 (1758) ; Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 167. ff. 1-5 ; Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 429 : Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 17, pi. 101. f. 5 ; Stepb. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 192 ; Staud. Oat. Lep. pal. p. 167. Mamestra splendevs. Stepli, 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. iii. p. 192 (1828). Mamestra pollens, Stand. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1882, p. 35. Mamestra riokavaarce, Hoffm. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1893, p. 127. Head and thorax bright rufous, the hairs tipped with grey ; abdomen rufous, the anal tuft often ochreous. Fore wing bright purplish rufous, sometimes partly tinged with yellow, a waved Fig. 25. — Poliapisi, ^j". }. greyish subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a double, waved antemedial line, incurved in cell ; claviform slightly outlined with brown ; orbicular and reniforni large, incompletely defined by brown, the former round, the dark medial shade passing between them ; postmedial line defined by greyish on outer side, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line yellowish white, prominent, especially in discal and submedian folds, where it has dark marks on its inner side, angled outwards at vein 7, dentate at veins 4, 3, then incurved ; cilia with two pale lines through them. Hind wing yellowish white tinged with POLIA. 137 brown, the veins and terminal area brown ; cilia white with a brown line through them ; the underside with the costal area suffused with rufous, a dark discoidal spot, curved postmedial line, and traces of a pale subterminal line. Ab. 1. racavaarce. Dark purplish grey-brown instead of rufous. — Finland, Lapland, E. Siberia. Ab. 2. pallens. Fore wing pale brown with a yellowish tinge, the markings less prominent. — Iceland ; W. Turkestan. Hah. Britain, Scotland, England, Leech Coll. ; Feaxce, Sand Coll.; Gkrmant, Zeller and Frey Culls. ; LrALY ; Iceland; Scandi- navia, Zeller Coll. ; Uussia, Finland, Leech Coll., Livonia, Zeller Coll. ; W. Turkestan, Ala Tau, Issyk-kul ; Mongolia, Urga ; S.E. Siberia, Dauria, Ussuri. Exp. 36-42 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 85 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 183, pi. 157. f. 2. Green or purple-brown with black dots ; subdorsal line yellow, black-edged ; spiracular line yellow or pale greenish, black-edged above ; head pale green or pinkish ochreous ; legs sometimes pinkish. Food-plants : Fteris, Cytisus, Scahlosa, etc. 8-10. 1310. Polia tacoma. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 28.) Mamestra tacoma, fUrack. Lep. Ehop. & Het, Suppl. 3, p. 31 (1900); Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 156. Head and thorax violaceous grey mixed with rufous ; palpi, patagia, pectus, and legs mostly rufous ; tegulae with rufous medial line and tips ; abdomen grey tinj;ed with rufous, the anal tuft rufous, the ventral surface rufous irrorated with grey. Fore wing violaceous grey ; the costal area sufliised with rufous except at apex, before postmedial line extending to median nervure and before antemedial line to submedian fold ; subbasal line double filled in with grey, waved, from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line double filled in with grey, oblique and slightly Avaved ; claviform moderate, rufous strongly defined by black ; orbicular large, grey defined by black, open above and confluent with a grey patch on costa, some- what oblique elliptical; reniform rufous, with grey annulus defined by black, the cell before and between the stigmata and the base of interspaces above veins 2, 3 tinged with black, leaving the veins streaked with grey; a waved medial line from cell to inner margin approximated to the postmedial line, which is double, dentate and produced to streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4 ; some pale points on costa towards apex ; subterminal line whitish, obsolete towards costa, then slightly de- fined by rufous on inner side, the area beyond it rufous except at apex, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3. Hind wing oclireous whitish tinged with brown, the terminal area brown except at submedian fold ; cilia ochreous white, with a dark line through them ; the underside whitish, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with rufous, a discoidal lunulo and curved postmedial line. lo3 :«ocxuiD^. Hah. Canada, Alberta, Calgary (Wolley-Dod), 2 ^ , 1 $; U.S.A., 1 (S , Washington. Exp. 40 millim. Larva. (Original.) ]lead pale, shaded with brownish over the vertex. Bodj' soft light green, occasionally shaded in brown ; dorsal, subdorsal, and broad substigmatal lines paler, yellowish, defined by darker edges. Spiracles white, in black rings. No shields. Food-plant : Thimbleberry (Rubus) and probably other low plants.— H. G. D. 1311. Folia satanella. Mamestra satanella, A.\T^h. B.or. Soc. Ent. Mosc. xxvi. p 445(1892); id. Kom. Mem. ix. p. 16, pi. 2. f. 14 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 158. cJ. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown mixed with dark brown; tarsi with pale rings. Fore wing grey-brown, the basal half suffused with fuscous brown ; subbasal line re^jresented by two dark striae from costa ; antemedial line double, the outer strong, oblique from costa to submedian fold, angled inwards on vein 1 and outwards above inner margin ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and rcnitorm defined by black, the former small, round, the latter constricted at middle and suffused with fuscous ; a curved medial shade ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line pale brown, defined by a dark patch before it on costa, the area beyond it dark except at apex, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; some minute terminal black lunules ; cilia with a fine pale line at base. Hind wing brown ; the cilia pale, with a brow^i line through them : the underside pale, the costal and terminal areas suttused and irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Tibet, Kuku-noor, 1 cJ , Amdo. Exp. 34 millim. *1312. Polia quadrata. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 29.) Mamestra quadrafa. Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p..248 (1891) ; id. Cat. Koct. N. Am. p. 124. cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen dark reddish brown mixed with grey ; tegulse with medial black line ; tarsi ringed with white. Fore wing dark reddish brown with some pale irroration, the post- medial area ])aler and redder towards inner margin ; subbasal line defined by whitish on outer side, waved, from costa to vein 1 ; ante- medial line defined by whitish on inner side, waved and oblique from costa to submedian fold, then slightly angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform defined by black at extremity ; orbicular and reniform slightly paler than ground-colour, very obscurely defined by black, the former somewhat elliptical ; postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side and produced to black streaks with pale points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, incurved below vein 4 and angled outwards on vein 1 ; subterminal line pale, POLIA. 139 defined on inner side by small dentate black marks at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to near termen on veins 4, 3; a pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing uniform reddish brown ; the cilia pale, with a brown line through them ; the underside grey, irrorated and suffused with reddish brown, a small discoidal spot and curved postraedial line. Hab. U.S.A., California, in U.S. Xat. Mus. Exp. 36 millira. Larva. Head lutcous with brown reticulations and bands. Body brown, reticulate and dotted on a yellowish-brown ground. Faint brown shades form an obscure dorsal lattice marking. Ordinary lines faintly indicated, pale, the dorsal and subdorsal narrow, the substigmatal broad. Feet pale. — H. G. D. 1313. Polia softa. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 30.) Mamestra softa, Staud. Iris, x. p. 275, pi. 4. f. 15 (1897) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 15y. Head and thorax grey mixed with reddish brown and fuscous ; tegulas edged with blackish above ; tarsi with blackish bands ; abdomen whitish irrorated with brown. Fore wing grey, tinned with pale red-brown and irrorated with fuscous and black ; sub- basal line obsolete ; an oblicjue pale streak below the cell before the antemedial line, which is indistinct, double, oblique from costa to submedian fold, angled inwards on vein 1 and outwards above inner margin ; claviform moderate, indistinctly defined by brown; orbicular and reniform indistinctly defined hj brown, the former small, round, or oblique elliptical, open above, the latter with some fuscous in its lower part ; postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side, minutely dentate and produced to short dark streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish, defined by reddish brown on inner side and the area beyond it darker, angled outwards at vein 7 and to termen at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing pure white, the veins slightly irrorated with black ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal lunule and curved post- medial line. Hab. Morocco ; Palestine, 1 cJ , 1 $ . Exp., J 38, $ 40 millim. 1314. Polia sutrina. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 31.) Mamestra sutrina, Grote, Papilio, i. p. 5 (1881) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. i. p. 127. S . Head and thorax grey mixed with some black, and tinged with ochreous except i)atagia; tegular with black medial line; patagia edged with black on outer side ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen grey-brown, the dorsal crests tipped with black. Fore wing bluish white irrorated and suff'used with dark brown, the medial area slightly darker ; a black streak in submedian fold to postmedial line, interrupted by the lines ; subbasal line represented 140 KOCTUID^. by black spots below costa and cell defined by whihe on outer side and a white striga on the black streak ; anteniedial line oblique, waved, defined by white on inner side ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orhicuhir and reniform large, with brown centres and white annuli incompletely defined by black, the former round ; traces of a waved medial line on inner area ; postmedial line de- fined by white on outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subtermiual line white, defined on inner side by a dark mark at costa and dentate black marks from discal fold to inner margin, irregular, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the area beyond it browner at middle and tcrmen, a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia grey, with a dark line through them. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia grej^ with a fuscous line through them ; the underside grey thickly irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and indistinct sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Canada, Alberta, Calgary ; U.S.A., Colorado, 1 c? type. Exp. 34 millim. 1315. Polia dentina. Noctua dentina, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 82 (1776) ; Esp. Schmett iv. pi. 127. f. 3 (1789); Hiibu. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 408; Dup. Lep. Ft. vi. p. 269, pi. 89. f. 6; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. lo9. mctua pleheia, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 19^ (1809); Stepb. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. iii. p. 185. Noctua leucostigma, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 198 (1809); Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. iii. p. 186. Noctua proxima, Frr. Neue Beitr. Schmett. ii. pi. 104. f. 2 (1836), nee Hiibn. Hadcna latenai, Pierret, Ann. Soc. Ent, Fr. 1837, p. 177, pi. 8. f. 3. Noctua hiiaris, Zett. Ins. Lapp. p. 938 (1840). Head and thorax grey raised with black ; tegulaj with black medial line ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen greyish fuscous. Tore wing violaceous grey irrorated with fuscous ; the medial area suffused with fuscous brown ; a black streak in base of submedian fold ; subliasal line represented by double striaj from costa and cell ; some yellow on inner margin near base usually present ; antemediul line double, waved, oblique ; claviform moderate, defined by black, a bidentate whitish patch beyond it below the cell ; orbicular and reniform grey defined by black and with more or le*s developed fuscous centres, the former round ; an indistinct waved medial line; postmedial line double, dentate and produced to short streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa; subterminal line whitish, often tinged wdth yellow, defined on inner side by small dentate black marks and with some black beyond it at discal fold, angled outwards at vein 7 and somewhat dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia fuscous intersected with white. Hind wing fuscous brown, rather darker on terminal area ; cilia yellowish at base, with brown line through them and white tips ; rui.JA. 141 the underside grey irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot, curved postmedial line, and subterminal band. Ab. laienai. ITuch darker, the fore wing wholly suffused with fuscous. H(th. Britain, Scotland, England, Leech Coll. ; France, Pyrenees, Gavarnie {Mrs. NicTioll) ; German r. Zellcr & Leech Colls. ; Austria ; Switzerland, Zeller, Frey. & Leech Colls.; Spain, Canales {Chap- man)-^ N. Italy; Kussia, Livonia, Zeller Coll., St. Petersburg, Zeller Coll.; Armknia; Asia Minor, Bithynia; W. Tukkestan, Issyk-kul; W. Siberia, Altai; E. Tdrkestan, Hi; Kashmir, Goorais Valley {Leech), 1 ^ . Exp. 32-42 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 82; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 197, pi. LIO. f. 1. Pale grey-brown ; a dorsal series of conjoined blackish spots edged with white ; spiracular line darker ; lateral and subspiracular lines less distinct. Food-plant, roots of Taraxacum. 5. 1316. Polia glauca. Nocfita glauca, Kleem. Beitr. Ins. i. p!. 48. ff. 1-7 (1792); Hiibn. Eur. Schmett, Noct. f. 410; Diip Lep. Fr. vi. p. 322, pi. 92. f. 7 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haiist. ii. p. 185; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 1-58. Noctua aperta, Geyer, Eur. Solimett., Noct. f. 800 (1827). Noctua lappa, Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 255, pi. 110. f. '6 (1827). Hadena qiiadriposita, Zett. Ins. Lapp. p. 939 (1840). Hadcna farhadi, Herr.-Schiiff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 390 (1845), iioo Troit. Mamedra taunensis, Fuchs, Jhrb. Nas.^. lii. p. 133 (18991. Hadena poliostig ma, Hmpsa. Moths Ind. ii. p. 201 (1894). Head and thorax grey, more or less mixed with black-brown ; teguliE with medial black line ; frons with Idack bar ; tarsi ringed with black ; abdomen dark brown slightly mixed with grey, the dorsal crests black. Fore wing purplish grey, more or less com- pletely suffused with brown and blacl< ; subbasal line black, waved, from costa to submedian fold, defined by grey on cuter side ; anteraedial line double, waved ; claviform well developed, whitish defined by black and with two black streaks from it to postmedial line ; orbicular and reniform whitish, with fuscous centres and defined by black, the former round ; postmedial line defined by white on outer side, bent outwards below costa, then lunulate, incurved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line white defined by black on inner side and by dentate black marks below costa and at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal scries of small black lunules ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing uniform dull reddi.sh brown or with the interspaces of basal half whitish ; the cilia white at tips ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Ab. 1. aperta. Darker. Ab. 2. tiunensis. Fore wing suffused with black. Ab. 3. quadripositn. Much greyer. Hah. Britain, Scotland, England, Ireland, Leech Coll.; E, France; 142 xocrtii>.K, Germany, Zeller & Frey Colls. ; Switzerland, Zeller & Frey Colls. ; Norway, Rorasdal, Frey Coll, ; IltJssiA, Livouia, Zeller Coll. ; W. Turkestan, Issyk-kul ; E. Turkestan, Hi ; Amurland ; Kam- SCHATGA ; Kashmir, Scinde Valley {Leech), 1 5 type poUostiyma. Exp. 32-42 millim. Larva. Meyr. Erit. Lep. p. 82; Barrett, Lop. Brit. iv. p. 193, pi. 158. f. 3. IJrown with darker freckles ; dorsal line narrow, dark ; a sub- dorsal series of oblique dark and light markings ; spiracular line whitish ; head pale brown with darker freckles. Food-plants : Salix, Tussilago. 7-8. *]317. Polia gasiva. (Plate LXXXI. fig. 32.) Amathcs gasiva, Sohaus, J. N. Y. Eiit. Soc. vi. p. 108 (1898). (S . Head and thorax grey and dark brown ; abdomen grey- brown, with the dorsal crests darker. Fore wing grey strongly irrorated with dark brown, suffused in parts with black-brown, especially on medial area, and slightly with red-broAvn ; a waved subbasal black line from costa to vein 1 ; a waved antemedial line oblique from costa to below cell where it is obtusely angled ; clavi- forra small, outlined with black ; orbicular and reniform grey defined by black, the diffused medial dark shade passing between them, the orbicular large, round, the reniform with black point above it on costa ; the black postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; the subterminal line grey defined on each side by dark brown, excurved at vein 7 and at middle and slightly angled inwards at veins 5 and 2 ; the veins of terminal area streaked with black. Hind wing whitish strongly tinged with brown especially towards termen : cilia whitish, with a brown line near base ; the underside grey irrorated with brown ; a dark discoidal point and indistinct curved postmedial line. Hah. Mexico, Las Vigas, type f c? in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 28 millim. *1318. Folia paranica. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 1.) Mamestra paranica, Schaus, J. N. Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 231 (1903). 5 . Head and thorax grey mixed with black and brown ; palpi blackish at sides ; tarsi banded black and white ; abdomen grey irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing violaceous grey, irrorated and in places suffused with black ; subbasal line double, black filled in with white, waved, from costa to vein 1, the area beyond it olive- green to the oblique waved antemedial line, defined by white on inner side and connected with postmedial line by a blackish streak in submedian fold ; medial area with the interspaces olive-green ; orbicular small, round, white with olive-green centre and some white above it on costa and below it; reniform rather ill-defined, roi.iA. 143 grey partly suffused with olive-green, its centre defined by black ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmedial line black, defined by white on outer side, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line prominent, white, waved, angled outwards at vein 7, inwards at discal and submedian folds, excurved at middle, with a band of olive-green before it, some green spots beyond it in the interspaces, and some black in discal and sub- median folds ; a terminal series of small black lanules ; cilia olive- green with some black, the tips white. Hind wing ochreous white, the terminal half and costal and inner areas suffused with fuscous ; cilia yellowish white; the underside yellowisli wliite, the costal area irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal point, indistinct curved post- medial lino and diffused subterminal band. Hah. Brazil, Castro Parana, type t $ in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 40 millim. 1319. Polia cuneata. (riate LXXXII. fig. 2.) Mamestra cuneata, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soe. Nat. Sci. i. p. 130, pi. 4. f. 9 (1873); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 127. Head and thorax dark brown mixed with grej^ ; frons with black bar; tegulte with black medial line; patagia with white patch edged with blackish ; abdomen brown and grey, the dorsal crests tipped with black, the genital tuft yellowish. Pore wing grey irrorated and suffused with black-brown, the medial area darker ; subbasal line double, black filled in with grey, waved and angled outwards at median nervure, ending at vein 1 ; antemedial line double, filled in with grey, obliquely waved and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform well-developed, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with greyish annuli defined by black, the former rather obli(iue elliptical; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, dentate and produced to grey and black streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish, defined on inner side by sligtit black and yellow dentate marks at middle and more prominent spot in submedian fold, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the area beyond it rather darker ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing fuscous brown ; cilia pale, with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish, thickly irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and sinuous post- medial line. Ab. 1. Fore wing with the basal area tinged with red, the stigmata and terminal area whiter. Ab. 2. Fore wing almost entirely tinged with red. Bob. Canada, Vancouver I. ; U.S.A., Washington, 2 5 , Oregon, California, 3 d, 2 2 type, (Wahinc/ham) 2 c? , 1 $, Mendocino, 1 9 • E.v2^. 34 millim. 144 xocTuiii.t;. 1320. Polia anguina. (Plate LXXXll. fig. 3.) Mamestra anquina, Grote, Can. Eut. siii. p. 129 (1881); Smith, Cat. Noct. N.Am. p. "lis. Mameatra /arMM, Smith, Ent. News Philad. vi. p. 338, pi. xv. f. 11 (1895); Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 152. Head and thorax black-brown mixed with white : frons with blackish bar ; tegulae with strong medial black line ; tarsi banded black aud white; abdomen whitish thickly irrorated with reddish brown, the dorsal crests blackish at tips. Fore wing blue-grey irrorated and suffused with fuscous brown, the medial area darker; a fine black streak below base of cell ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold, and with an obli(]ue striga beyond it from subcostal nervure to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, curved, hardly waved ; claviform large, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, with brown centres and grey annuli defined by black ; postmedial line double, the outer line strong, crenulate and produced to streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved and touching reniform and clavi- form, some grey points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line grey slightly defined by brown, anr] with a dark patch before it on costa, excurved at vein 7 and middle, angled inwards at submedian fold, where it is crossed by a black streak extending to termen ; a fine dark terminal line; cilia chequered gre)'- and fuscous. Hind wing white, the veins brownish, the costal and terminal areas tinged with brown, nearly uniformly sufl'used with fuscous in female ; cilia white, with a dark line through them ; the underside with dark irroration on costal area, an indistinct sinuous postmedial line. Hah. C.\NAUA, Alberta, Calgary ( Wolhy-Dod\ 3 c? , 3 2 ; U.S.A., Maine, New Jersey, Illinois, 1 (S type, Nebraska, Colorado, Arizona, Prescott {Kunze), 1 S ,2 § . Exy. 32 millim. 1321. Polia vicina. (Plato LXXXll. fig. 4.) Mamestra viciva, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 156 (1874); Smith, Ciit. Noct. N. Airi. p. 128. Ma7nesira telicjera, Morr. I'roc. Bost. Soc. N. H. xvii. p. 215 (1874). Mamestra acutipennis, Grote, Ciin. Ent. xii. p. 214 (1880). Head and thorax clothed with dark brown and grey scales ; palpi black at sides ; frons with black bar ; tegulae with black medial line ; patagia edged with black ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen grey irrorated with brown, the dorsal crests dark at lips. Fore wing whiti-sh, suffused and irrorated with fuscous; a sinuous black streak below base of cell ; subbasal line indistinct, double, angled outwards in cell and ending at submedian fold ; antemedial line double, nearly even, oblique from costa to submedian fold where it is angled ; claviform usually narrow and acute, often filled in with black, and with a rufous streak above it; orbicular and reniform with slight whitish annuli defined by black, the former obliciue elliptical; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side. POLIA. 145 somewhat dentate and prodnocd to points on the veins, bent out- wards below costa and incurved below vein 4, touching the reniform and claviform, some gre)* points beyond it on costa ; subterrainal line grey, defined on inner side by a dark mark on costa and by a series of dentate black marks at middle, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle and angled inwards in submedian fold, where it is developed into a black and white spot, the area beyond it tinged with fuscous ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area tinged with fuscous, strongly so in female ; cilia white, with a brown line through them : the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal point and sinuous postraedial line or series of striae on the veins. Ab. 1. acutipennis. More blue-grey and strongly irrorated with black ; fore wing with the medial area suffused with black except towards inner margin. Hub. U.S.A., E. States, 1^,32 type, Maine, Xew York, Evan's Centre, 1 1 $ type. Exi). 44-48 millim. 1329. Polia legitima. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 11.) Apamea legitima, Grote, Proc. Eiit. Soc. Phil. iii. p. 82, pi. 2. f. 4 (1864) ; Smith, Cat. Koct. N. Am. p. 123. Head and thorax purple-grey mixed with red-brown ; palpi blackish at sides ; frons with blackish bar ; teguloe with medial black line ; patagia with some black scales above ; pectus more rufous in male ; abdomen grey-brown, the anal tuft tinged with rufous. Fore wing purple-grey ; the costal area suffused with rufous to subterminal line, extending over the whole cell and some- times ditt'uscdly to vein 1 ; a waved black subbasal line from costa to vein 1 defined by grey on outer side ; an oblique, double, waved antemedial line, the inner rufous and indistinct, the outer black ; claviform small or moderate, defined by black and often filled in with black ; orbicular and renitorm large, defined by black, the former grey, oblique elliptical, open above, the latter rufous with pale annulus, its lower part filled in with fuscous ; an •.ndistinct curved, waved medial line ; postmedial line dentate and i/roduced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal lino waved, grey defined by rufous on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurvcd at middle, the area beyond it tinged with fuscous or rufous ; a terminal series of black lunules. Hind wing whitish suffused with brown and the terminal area with fuscous ; cilia white, brown at base : the underside irrorated with red-brown, especially on costal and terminal areas, a discoidal spot and traces of postmedial line and subterminal band. Hah. Canada, Xova Scotia (Itedman), 2 J , 1 § ; U.S.A., N., E., & Middle States, 1 J , 2 $, New York, 1 $, Oregon, Portland. E.rp. 42 millim. 150 NOCTUIDiE. Larva. Head light rod. Body violaceous browu ; subdorsal and substigraatal lines broad, pale yellow, the subdorsal narrowly, the substigmatal broadly black-edged above ; a yellow dorsal stripe on joint 2, vanishing on joint 3, the ground-colour of joint 2 dark ; an irregular browu lower edge to the substigmatal baud on thorax only. Feet pale. — H. G. D. 1330. Polia dodi. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 12.) Mamestra dodii, Smith, ined. Head and thorax purplish grey mixed with rufous ; tegulae with dark medial line ; abdomen grey irrorated with fuscous, the anal tuft tinged with ochreous. Fore wing blue-grey, the costal area suffused with rufous, on basal area extending to vein 1, and on medial area to median nervure ; subbasal line defined by grey on outer side, angled butwards below costa and cell and extending to vein 1 ; antemedial line double tilled in with grey, angled outwards below costa and excurved below cell and above inner margin ; claviform small, acute at extremity, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform grey, their centres slightly defined by brown, the former narrow, oblique elliptical, tinged with rufous above, the latter suffused with rufous above and fuscous below ; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, dentate and produced to points on outer side, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line whitish, angled outwards at vein 7 and minutely dentate at veins 4, 3, defined by rufous on inner side forming some- what dentate marks at middle, the area beyond it dark except at apex ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing ochreous white tinged with fuscous, the veins and terminal area fuscous; cilia whitish ; the underside whitish with a slight reddish tinge and some black irroration, a slight discoidal lunule and diffused subterminal band. Hah. Canada, Alberta, Calgary {Wolley-Dod), 1 J, 1 $. Exp. 34 millim. 1331. Polia lilacina. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 13.) Mamestra lilacwa. Harv. Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 119 (1874) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 123. Mamestra illahefacta, Mui-r. Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. xvii. p. 141 (1874). Head and thorax grey mixed with dark brown ; tegulae with slight blackish medial line ; abdomen grey mixed with reddish brown. Fore wing purplish grey, mostly suff'used with brown and irrorated with dark brown ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an oblique, waved, antemedial line defined by grey on inner side ; claviform moderate to large, defined by black; orbicular and reniform large, with fuscous centres and greyish annuli defined by blackish, the former oblique elliptical ; an indistinct waved medial line angled outwards to low^er angle of cell ; postmedial line double filled in with grey, minutely dentate roM.v. 151 and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line grey, defined by brown on inner side, the area beyond it dai'k excej^t at costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing pale suffused with brown, the terminal area darker ; cilia white and brown ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a brown discoidal spot. Hah. Canada, Alberta (TFo%-DotZ), 2^,2$; U.S.A., N., E., Middle & Central States, 1 5 type, Massachusetts, Beverley, 1 5 type iUahefacta, New York, Evan's Centre, 1 rtcj/ir«, Tokio ( J/a/'ies), 1 cJ, 1 ?, Oiwake {'Pnjer), \ 6 , 1 $, Chiuzenji {Leivis), 1 2 ; CoREA, Gensan (Ito), 1 d" j 1 § 5 ^- China, Iviukiang {Pratt), 1 § , Exp. 44-4G millim. *1333. Polia dictyota. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 14.) Mamedra dictyota, Lower, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 11)01, p. 643. 9 . Head and thorax dark brown mixed with grey ; some black on vertex of head and extremity of tegulaj ; tarsi black with -^tly 152 NOCXUID^. rings ; abdomen brown. Fore wing grey suffused with brown and irrorated with black ; the suubasal and antemedial lines waved, whitish defined on each side with black, the former from costa to submedian fold, the latter oblique ; claviform large, pale brownish with white outline ; orbicular and reniform with brownish centres and whitish annuli, the former round, the latter moderate, the cell between them blackish ; postmedial line whitish defined on each side by black, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 3, then oblique ; subterminal line whitish, angled outwards slightly at vein 7 and excurved at middle, with a series of dentate black marks on its inner side ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing brown ; the cilia whitish at tips ; the underside whitish with slight discoidal spot ; the terminal area suffused with fuscous from costa to vein 2. Hah, ViciOEiA, Melbourne, type t $ in Coll. Lower. Exp. 32 millim. 1334. Polia calberlai. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 15.) Hadena calberlai, Staud. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1883, p. 181 ; Calb. Ins, i. p. 182, pi. 12. f. 9 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 159. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale greyish brown mixed with black ; tegulae with ill-defined blackish medial line, patagia edged with blackish. Fore wing i)ale greyish brown suftused and irrorated with fuscous, the medial area slightly darker; subbasal line black, angled outwards below costa and ending on the rather wedge- shaped black streak below base of cell ; antemedial line indistinctly double, waved, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform defined by black, large, acute at extremity and extending to postmedial line; orbicular and reniform with pale annuli, defined by black and with more or less black suffusion in cell before and between them, the former rounded, the latter angled inwards on median nervure ; an indistinct difiused medial line ; postmedial line double, the inner line black, the outer indistinct, very minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some jjale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line pale, defined by fuscous on inner side and with slight black streaks before it above and below vein 5, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the area beyond it suffused with fuscous except at apex, a terminal series of slight black lunules. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia with an ochreous-white line at base ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and difi'used curved postmedial line. Hah. Austria, S. Tirol, 1 d , 1 $ ; Iialy. Eicp. 36 millim. Larva on Clematis vitalba. POIJA. l'">3 1335. Polia gavisa. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 16.) Mamestra gavisa, Schaus, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc. vi. p. 142(1898) ; Druce, Biol. Ceutr.-Am. , Het. ii. p. 567. S . Head and thorax red-brown with a purplish tinge, the scales with pale tips ; palpi blackish at sides ; tarsi banded blacl\ and pinkish ; abdomen fuscous brown, the ventral surface more rufous. Fore wing dark brown irrorated with grey and tinged with purplish red ; a sinuous black streak in base of submedian fold ; subbasal line indistinctly double, filled in with greyish, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double filled in with greyish, waved, somewhat oblique ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former small, round, the latter concave towards base and with white line on its outer edge ; traces of a medial line, approximated below the cell to the postmedial line which is double filled in with grey and with some short black streaks beyond it on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of small black and grey dentate marks defined by red-brown on inner side, the area beyond them fuscous except at apex, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and middle ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia blackish, with fiue pale lines at base and middle. Bind wing fuscous brown, pale on basal and inner areas ; cilia pale with a brown line through them ; the underside pale irrorated with dark brown, the costal area tinged with purplish pink, a black discoidal spot, sinuous postmedial line, and terminal waved line interruj)ted at the veins. Hah. Mexico, Las Yigas, 1 S , type t J in Coll. Schaus. Exp, 36 millim. 1336. Polia goodelli. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 17.) Mamestra gooJcUt, Grote, Can. Ent. yii. p. 223 (1875) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 124. Head and thorax dark brown slightly mixed with red-brown and grey ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen fuscous brown. Pore wing dark brown tinged with red-brown and slightly mixed with grey ; subbasal line double filled in with grey, curved from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line rather indistinct, double filled in with grey, oblique, waved ; claviform small, strongly defined by black; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former nearly round, the latter whitish, its centre defined by fuscous ; an indis- tinct waved medial line, oblique from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line dentate and produced to white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line interrupted, grey, dentate, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, with some small dentate black marks on its inner side ; a tcmiinul 154 NOCiUID.E. series of small black lunules ; a series of pale points at base of cilia. Hind wing fuscous brown, with dark terminal line and fine pale line at base of cilia ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, thickly on costal and terminal areas, a dark discoidal point and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Canada ; U.S.A., N., E., and Middle States, New York, Evan's Centre {Grote}, 4 J , 2 $ , type, Nebraska. E.q). 3(i millim. 1337, Polia sadales. Manuafra mdales, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 477, pi. 93. fig. 19 (1898). 2 . Head and thorax black -brown slightly mixed with grey ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen black-brown slightly mixed with oohreous. Fore wing black, suffused with purplish grey and slightly irrorated with white and black ; a double, waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a double antemedial line angled outwards below costa, oblique to submedian fold, then waved ; claviforra rather small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former round, the latter indistinct and with white point on its upper edge ; a double, waved postmedial line bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of small brownish spots with somewhat dentate black marks on their inner side, somewhat angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal seiies of small black lunules ; a fine white line at base of cilia. Hind wing white suffused with fuscous brown except the cell and interspaces below arid beyond it of basal two- thirds ; the underside with discoidal lunule and irregularly dentate postmedial line. JIab. Mexico, Guerrero {H. If. Smith), 1 5 type, Godman-Salvin Coll. Ewjy. 40 millim. 1338. PoUa chalcia, n. sp. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 18.) 2 . Head and thorax dark brown slightly mixed with grey ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen reddish brown, the ventral surface fuscous irrorated with grey. Fore wing reddish brown, suffused with dark brown and iirorated with silvery purple, especially on the veins ; a waved black subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a rather indistinct, double, oblique, waved antemedial line ; claviform short, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform indis- tinctly defined by black, the former rather small, oblique elliptical, the latter a narrow lunule with ochreous-white point on its outer edge ; an indistinct curved medial line ; postmedial line rather ill-defined, dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent out- wards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; subterminal line pale reddish, defined by black-brown on inner side except between veins 4 and 2, somewhat dentate, angled outwards at I'OLIA. 155 vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black spots ; cilia with a whitish lino at base. Hind wing dark reddish brown ; cilia dark brown with a whitish line at base ; the under- side brown irrorated with white, a small black discoidal lunule and irregular dentate brown postmedial line. Jlah. Guatemala, Cerro Zunil, 4000' {Champion), 1 5 tj^pe, Godman-Salvin Coll. Exp. 40 millim. 1339. Polia ectypa. (Plate LXXXIL fig. 19.) Mamestra ccti/pa, Morr. Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. sviii. p. 118(1875) ; Smith, Cat. Noct.'N. Am. p. 124. Mamestra bella, Grote, Papilio, iii. p. 30 (1883). S . Head and thorax dark brown mixed with grey ; tegulte with black medial line and white tips, patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; tarsi ringed with A\bite ; abdomen grey- brown, the segments slightly edged with grey, the anal tuft tinged with ochreous. Fore wing grey, irrorated and suffused with fuscous and tinged with violaceous brown before and beyond the postmedial line ; subbasal line represented by double black stria3 from costa and median nervure, with slight black marks just beyond it above vein 1 and on inner margin ; antemedial line represented by a black spot below costa, then bent inwards, double, oblique to vein 1 and angled ontwards above inner margin ; claviform rather large, euffused with and defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with brownish centres and white aunuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, the latter large ; postmedial line double, dentate, filled in with white towards costa and inner margin, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line yellowish white, defined on inner side by dentate dark marks below costa and from vein 5 to inner margin, slightly angled outwards at vein 7, excurved and waved at middle ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia slightly intersected with white. Hind wing pale, uniformly suffused with fuscous brown, the cilia whitish with brown line through them ; the underside irrorated with fuscous, the costal and terminal areas suffused with fuscous, a black discoidal lunule and indistinct curved postmedial line. IJah. U.S.A., Delaware, Dover, 1 J; New Jersey, West Virginia. Exp. 34 millim. 1340. Folia novevca. (I'late LXXXII. fig. 20.) Mamestra noverca, Grote, Can. Ent. x. p. 236 (1878) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 124. Head and thorax rufous mixed with dark brown ; palpi blackish at sides ; tarsi blackish with pale rings ; abdomen pale reddish irrorated with dark brown ; subbasal line waved, black, defined by greyish on outer side and with a slight black streak beyond its 156 KOCTTJID.E. extremity in submedian fold ; aniemedial lino indistinct, waved, oblique, defined by greyish on inner side ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former U-shaped, strongly defined, the latter whitish, open above and with its centre slightly defined by brown ; a medial shade oblique from costa to median ncrvure where it is angled ; postmedial line double filled in with grey, minutely dentate and produced to black and white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line fine, pale, interrupted, dentate, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, with some rather dentate black streaks before it extending beyond it to termen in interspaces above veins 4 to 6 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia with a fine pale line at base. Hind wing whitish tinged with red-brown, the terminal area suffused with red-brown ; the underside paler irrorated with red-brown, a dark discoidal point and indistinct sinuous postmedial liue. Hah. U.S.A., Nebraska, 1 6 type. Colorado {Bmce), 2 $ , Glen- wood Springs, California, Knight Valley, 1 $ , Arizona, Nogalea {Oslar), 1 c? . Exp. 36 millim. *1341. Polia bolteri. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 21.) Mamestra. holteri. Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxii. p. 463(1900); Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 156. $ . Head and thorax ochreous mixed with dark brown ; tarsi with pale I'ings ; abdomen ochreous brown. Fore wing ochreous brown, irrorated and suffused with fuscous ; subbasal and ante- medial lines indistinctly double, waved, the former from costa to submedian fold, the latter slightly oblique; claviform absent; orbicular and reniform moderate, defined by blackish, the former round ; a prominent diffused medial shade, oblique from costa to median ncrvure ; postmedial line indistinct, defined by ochreous on outer side and with some pale points beyond it on the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some ])n.\fi points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line greyish slightly defined by fuscous on each side and with a more prominent patch before it on. costa, slightly angled outwards at vein 7, then minutely waved ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing ochreous suffused with brown, the cilia ochreous ; the underside ochreous white irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Xew IJexico, in U.S. Nat. Mus. Exp. 42 millim. 1342. Polia mania. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 22.) Mamestra mania, Streck. Lep. Rbop. & Het., Siippl. 2, p. 5 (1899) ; Dvur, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 15(i. 5 . Head and thorax reddish brown mixed with fuscous ; abdomen ochreous greyish, dorsally suffused with fuscous, ventrally FOLIA, 157 irrorated with brown ; tarsi fuscous with ochreous rings. Fore wing pale reddish brown irrorated and suffused with fuscous, the medial and terminal areas darker ; the veins slightly irrorated with white ; subbasal line indistinct, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; an oblique waved antemedial line defined by pale reddish on inner side ; claviform absent ; orbicular pale reddish incompletely defined by black, round ; reniform fuscous, with pale reddish annulus except below, where it has some whitish points on its edge and is slightly angled inwards on median nervure ; an indistinct waved medial line, excurved at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line dentate, produced to short streaks ending in white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line pale reddish, angled outwards at vein 7 and inwards at discal and submedian folds, excurved at middle, some small dentate black marks before it at middle ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia pale reddish, with a fuscous line through them. Hind wing fuscous ; the cilia ochreous with a fuscous line through them ; the underside pale, irrorated and the terminal area suffused with fuscous, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hub. U.S.A., Colorado, Arizona (PoUnj), 1 $ . Exji. 36 millim, 13-13. Polia obscura. (Plate LXXXII. fig. 23.) Mamcstra obscum, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mas. x. p. 468(18111); id. Cat, Noct, N. Am, p. 124. cJ . Head and thorax black-brown slightly tinged with grey; tarsi with pale rings; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing black- brown, with a reddish tinge on inner area and slightly irrorated with grey ; hardly a trace of subbasal line ; antemedial line indis- tinct, waved, oblique ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former U-shaped, the latter gi-eyish ; an indistinct waved medial line from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line indistinct, slightly defined by brown on outer side, dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some grey points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of small grey and black dentate marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing pale fuscous brown, the cilia rather paler ; the underside greyish thickly irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal point and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Canada, Calgarv ( Wolley-Dod), 5 cK, Zcllcr, Frey, and !Sand Colls. ; Hlxuakv, Leech roLiA. 169 Coll.; Italy; Dalmatia, Leech Coll. ; Crete; "Rvssix (CJiristopJi) ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Pontus, Eithynia ; W. Siberia, Altai. E.vj). 34-38 millim. Lca-va. Mill. Icones, i. p. 303, i.l. 48. fF. 3-6. Dorsal area pale brown, ventral area pale ochreous ; dorsal and lateral lines rufous ; subdorsal line double, almost obsolete; stigmata white ringed with l)lack. Food-plants : Delphinium ajacis and D. staphysagria. 6-8. 1366. Polia dysodea. Noctua dysodea, Sebiff. Wien. Verz. p. 72 (1776) ; Hiibn. Eur. Sohmett., Noct. f . 47 ; Dap. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 404, pi. 98. f. 2 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. iii. p. 32. Noctua spinacicB, View. Tab. Verz. Brandenburg, p. 70 (1789). Noctua Jiavicincta minor, Esp. Sehmett. iv. pi. 153. fF. 6, 7 (1790). Noctua chrysozona, Borkh. Eur. Scbmett. iv. p. 264 (1792) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 160. Noctua ramcneulma, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 183 (1809). Mamestra caduca, Herr.-Scbaif. Eur. ' Sehmett. ii. p. 2G6, Noct. f. 484 (1845). Mamestra innoccns, Staud. Hor. Soc. Ent. Eoss. vii. p. 123, pi. 1. f. JO' (1870). Hecatcra ka'ckliiii, Tb. Mieg. Le Nat. xi. p. 181 (1889). Mamestra turhida, Hiif'm. Jbrb. Karnt. xxiv. p. 174 (1897). Head and thorax grey mixed with reddish brown and black ; tarsi blackish ringed with white ; abdomen grey tinged with rufous and irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing grey-white thickly irrorated with dark brown, tbe medial area rather darker ; some orange -yellow in submedian fold ; subbasal line with yellow marks on it and defined by white on outer side, waved from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line oblique, waved, defined by white on inner side and witb yellow marks on it ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black and with some yellow at sides, the former round ; an irregularly waved medial line ; postmedial line defined by "white on outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterrainal line represented by yellow spots on inner side of irregular brown marks ; a terminal series of slight dark lunules : cilia chequered ochreous and brown. Hind wing pale tinged with brown, the terminal area dark brown ; slight greyish streaks on extremities of veins 2 and 1 ; cilia pale, with a brown line near base ; the underside white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and waved postmedial line. Ab. 1. caduca. Fore wing whitish grey without the yellow markings. Ab. 2. innoccns. Fore wing whitish grey with slight yelh)w markings, the medial area more prominently dark. — S. Europe, W. & C. Asia. Ab. 3. Darker, especially the medial area of foro wing. — Kaslimir. 170 NOCTUIDi. !J<(h. Bkjtain, Leech Coll. ; I'kauck, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and JFrey Colls. ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; Sicily, Zeller Coll. : Greece, Leech Coll. ; Crete ; S. Sweden ; Asia Minor, Pontus, Brussa, Zeller Coll. ; Syria, Leech Coll. ; Persia ; W. Turkestan, Turcomania, Saisan, Issyk-kul, Ferghana, Sarawschan ; China, 1 (S , Leech Coll. ; Kashmir, Goorais Valley {Leech) 1 S , (Filcher) 1 ? . Ex2). 32-36 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 82; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 218, pi. 161. f. 1. Pale dull green or yellowish irrorated with brown ; dorsal line pale with dark edges ; lateral line dark, indistinct ; spiracles black ; head ochreous brown or dull greenish. Food-plants; flowers of Sonchiis and Lactuca. 7-8. 1367. Polia maderse. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 9.) Mamedra maderie, Baker, Trans. Ent. See. 1891, p, 205, pi. 12. f. 3; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 160. J . Head and thorax grey-white mixed with dark brown and black ; palpi blackish with some white ; antennae and tarsi black ringed with white ; abdomen grey mixed with dark brown. Fore wing grey thickly irrorated with fuscous ; the medial area suffused with brown except towards costa and inner margin ; subbasal line double, black filled in with white, waved and angled inwards below cell and on vein 1 ; claviform large, whitish defined by black except above ; orbicular and reniform whitish defined by black, the former round, the latter somewhat angled inwards on median nervure ; a waved medial line oblique below the cell ; postmedial line defined by white on outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some white points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line whitish defined by small dentate black marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of Idack points ; cilia fuscous intersected with grey. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, the veins and terminal area fuscous ; slight greyish marks on termen towards tornus ; cilia grey with a brown line through them ; the underside white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal lunule and waved postmedial line. Hah. Madeira (Wollaston), 1 J type. Krj^. 36 millim. 1368. Polia serena. KocitM serena, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 84 (1776) ; Esp. Sclimett. iv. pi. 166. f. 4; Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 64; Dup. Lep. Fr. Vu pi. 98. f. 3; Stepb. 111. Brit. Ent., Ilaust. iii. p. ;{3; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 160. Nocfiia placida, Esp. Schmett. pi. 166. ff. b, 6 (1789). Nocfua hieracii, Scriba, Beitr. Ins. p. 195, pi. 13. ff. 1, 2 (1793). Mamestra monficola, Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 315, pi. 92. f. 4 (1826). Polia Corsica, Eambr. A?in. Soe. Ent. Fr. 1832, p. 279, pi. 9. f. 3. Polia leuconota, Ev. Bull. Mcsc. See. 1837, p. 39. Mamestra hicolorafa. Led. Noct. p. 32 (1857). Hecatera intermedin, Wlk. xv. 17H) (1858\ Mamestra ohsrura. Stand. Cat. cd. 1, p. 40 (1S61). FOLIA. 1 71 Head aud thorax bluish white with some dark scales ; tarsi with dark rings ; abdomen white tinged with brown except at base. Fore wing bluish white, the medial area suffused with fuscous brown ; subbasal line double, waved, from csota to submedian fold : antemedial line double, waved, oblique ; claviform moderate, indistinctly defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with fuscous centres and whitish annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter slightly angled inwards on median nervure ; an irregularly waved medial line ; postmedial line double, filled in with white and slightly defined by fuscous on outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, the costal area be5^ond it blackish with some white points on it ; subterminal line indistinct, defined on inner side by small dentate black marks at middle, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the area boj'ond it irrorated with fuscous ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing whitish irrorated with brown, the veins aud terminal area suffused with brown ; cilia white with a brownish line through them ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunula and curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. leuconota. Ground-colour of head, thorax, and fore wing pure white. Ab. 2. ohscura. Darker and more uniform in colour. Ab. 3. Corsica. Fore wing with the ground-colour bluish grey, the medial area hardly darker. — Andalusia, Corsica, Sardinia. Bab. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France, 8and Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Switzerland, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Spain, Andalusia; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy, Capri (C. S. Broivne) \ Scandinavia; Finland. Helsingfors, Zeller Coll.; Russia, Urals; Armenia ; Asia Minor ; Syria, Leech Coll. : W. Siberia, Altai ; E. Siberia, Amurland. Hab. ignotus, 1 (S type intermedia. Exp. 30-38 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 81 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 222, pi. 161. f. 2. Dull jellowish green with dark grey irroration forming obscure blotches ; spiracular line yellower, well-marked ; head greenish ochreous. Food-plants : flowers of Sonchus and Lactuca. 7-8. 1369. Polia olivocincta. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 10.) Hecatera olivocincta, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 30 (1852). Mamestra folia, Schaus, Trans. Am. Eut. Soc. xxi. p. 227 (1894). S . Head and thorax white mixed with pale olive-green ; palpi blackish at sides ; tarsi banded with fuscous ; abdomen pale ochreous. Fore wing white irrorated with purplish grey, the antemedial and medial areas suffused with olive-green; subbasal line waved, black, interrupted, defined by white on outer side ; antemedial line black defined by wdiite on inner side, oblique and slightly angled inwards on vein 1 ; the claviform represented by a narrow black patch on its outer side and with a black streak 172 noctcid.t;. from it to postmeclial line ; orbicular a white aiinulus with, small green centre ; reniform a small white lunule with black bar before it ; a rather ill-defined and irregular black medial line somewhat angled outwards at median nervure : postmedial line double, the outer indistinct, dentate, strongly bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved ; subterminal line minutely waved, white defined by olive-green on inner side, ex- curved at vein 7 and middle and angled inwards in submedian fold, olive-green patches with blackish marks on them on its 'outer side at discal and submedian folds ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia olive-green intersected with white. Hind wing pale yellowish, the terminal area suffused with brown ; cilia olive at base, white at tips ; the underside with the costal and apical areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal point. Hah. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 1 (S •, Castro Paraiia, type t 6 folia in Coll. Schaus. Exjj. 34 millim. 1370. Polia marea. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 11.) Mamestra marea , Sc-liaus, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 227 (1894); Druce, Biol. Centi-.-Am., Het. ii. p. 476. Head ochreous mixed with a few black hairs, the palpi black at sides ; thorax purplish rufous, some of the scales tipped with black and white ; the tegulfe black at base ; tarsi black ringed with white ; abdomen ochreous white tinged with fuscous, the dorsal crests tipped with black, the hair at sides and anal tuft rufous. Pore wing whitish, the basal half suffused with, reddish brown with pale blue-green fasciae on costal area, in submedian fold, and on inner margin, the antemedial area with some rough white- tipped scales ; subbasal line black, waved, from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line oblique, waved; claviform green, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former round, green with some dark irroration and green above it on costa, the latter constricted at middle, with black centre and incomplete green annulus strongly defined by black ; postmedial line miuutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some fuscous beyond it from vein 4 to inner margin and some white points on costa ; subterminal line defined by ferruginous on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the area beyond it green except towards apex and with diflfuscd black streaks on the veins, which have white points at, their extremities ; cilia red-brown intersected by fuscous. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area suftused with fuscous ; cilia white, with a brown line on apical half; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot. Hah. Mexico, Jalapa, 1 $ ; Costa Kica, type f d in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 34 millim. POLIA. 173 1371. Polia subjecta. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 12.) Hadena siibjecia, Wlk. xi. 588 (1857). Mamestra viriditincta, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 230 (1903). c? • Head and thorax whitish mixed with ochreous, olive-green, and black ; pectus and legs whitish irrorated with brown, the tarsi banded with black. Fore wing ochreous whitish suffused in parts with olive-green and with pale pinkish beyond the cell ; the medial area rather darker ; a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a black streak above inner margin before the antemedial line, which is oblique from costa to below the cell, where it is angled outwards, angled inwards on vein 1 and strongly outwards alaove inner margin ; orbicular and reniform with rufous centres and ochreous annuli incompletely defined by black, the former round, open above ; an ill-defined irregular black medial shade ; post- medial line indistinct, bent outwards below costa, oblique to vein 5, where it is acutely angled, then oblique and with short black streaks beyond it on the veins, some black points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line only defined by the area beyond it being more suffused with olive except at apex and with black streaks on the veins and a short black streak before- it above vein 4, somewhat angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia chequered fuscous and green. Hind wing ochreous white, the veins of terminal half and termcn tinged with fuscous ; the under- side with the costal area and termen irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and slight postmedial series. Hah. Cuba (Schaus), type t viriditincta ^ in Coll. Schaus ; Colombia, Popayan, 2 c5' : Prazu,, Castro Paraiia, 1 S ■ Exi^. 34 millim. Type t cj" in Mus. Oxon. 1372, Polia confu«a. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 13.) Hccafera confasa. Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1900, p. 96. 5 . Head and thorax white mixed with black ; palpi black, whitish at tips ; tarsi black ringed with white ; abdomen fuscous. Pore wing white irrorated with black and in parts suffused with fuscous; a black streak below base of cell; subbasal line nearly straight, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line oblique, waved, the costal area before it and the area beyond it clouded with fuscous ; claviform represented by a black spot at its extremity, with a small triangular white spot beyond it ; orbicular and reni- form white defined by black, oj)en above, the former small, rounded; a waved medial line ; postmedial line dentate and produced to a series of black and white points on the veins, slightly bent out- wards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line only defined by a dentate black line before it and some fuscous suffusion beyond it, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a" waved terminal black line expanding into spots in the intervspaces ; cilia chequered white and black. Hind wing fuscous brown, with a 174 >-UCTL'IDJE. whitish subterrainal striga above tornus ; cilia fuscous at base, white at tips ; the underside whitish irrorated thickly with brown, a discoidal spot, sinuous postraedial line, and some terminal lunules. Hah. W. China, Ta-chien-lu (Pratt), 1 $ type. Exp. 34 millim, 1373. Polia psittacus. Mamestra psittacus, Herr.-Schiiff. Aiissereur. Schmett. p. 80, f. 216 (1850) ; Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 293. VaUeria jocom, Scliaus, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. x.xi. p. 230 (1894) ; Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 487. Head and thorax bright moss-green with a few brown scales; palpi blackish at side ; pectus and legs ochreous, the latter banded with black ; abdomen dark brown, the anal tuft and ventral surface ochreous white. Fore wing bright golden green ; some of the veins with purplish streaks ; the subbasal line represented by double black strioe from ensta, and a green striga below cell on a black- brown patch which emits a spur above inner margin ; the ante- medial line represented by double black striae from costa, then single, oblique, irregularly waved, and angled inwards on vein 1 ; the medial area suffused with black from subcostal nervure to vein 1 ; the orbicular and reniform green, the former small, round, with blackish centre, the latter with its centre slightly defined by blackish ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved and strongly angled outwards on vein 1, the costa beyond it black with pale points ; the suh- terminal line consisting of a series of black lunules which are small except those below costa and in discal and submedian folds, somewhat angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black lunules, the cilia intersected with black. Hind wing dark reddish brown ; the cilia ochreous, with a fuscous line through them ; the underside ochreous, the costal area irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal lunule and dentate postmedial line with the area beyond it irrorated with fuscous. Hab. Mexico, Jalapa (Trujillo, Boe'ocjuiDj!:, *13S1. Polia vau-media. Mamestra vau-media, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 466 (1887) ; id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 126. (S . Head and thorax grey largely mixed with fuscous ; abdomen fuscous grey. Fore wing dark fuscous grey, the postmedial area paler, tinged Avith reddish ; subbasal line indistinct ; antemedial line double, remote from base, even, obliquely curved ; claviform represented by a blackish mark ; orbicular and reniform small, almost obsolete; postmedial line indistinctly double, slightly curved, incurved below vein 5 and almost touching antemedial line at inner margin ; subterminal line pale, irregular, indistinct ; a pale spot near tornus. Hind wing fuscous, paler at base ; the underside grey with darker irroration. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado. Exp. 23 millim. This species is unknown to me. 1382. Polia subpicta. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 19.) Mamestra suhpict a, Scbaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. tI. p. Ill (1898); Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 567. S . Head and thorax black mixed with grey and some pale brown ; tarsi with pale rufous rings, the terminal part of hind tibiae and the tarsi rufous ; abdomen black irrorated with grey, the crests rufous at tips, the anal tuft and ventral surface rufous. Fore wing leaden black slightly irrorated with grey, the ante- and post- medial areas mostly pale brown irrorated with black ; an indistinct waved whitish subbasal line from costa to vein 1 ; a double, waved antemedial line filled in with pale brownish, angled inwards in cell and with the minute claviform on its outer edge ; orbicular and reniform small, brownish defined by black, the former round ; an indistinct oblique line from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, with short black streaks beyond it on the veins crossing the pale brown area and some pale points on costa ; subterminal line represented by an ill-deiined series of black and pale brownish dentate marks, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a series of small black spots before termen ; cilia slightly chequered with pale brown. Hind wing black-brown, the cilia yellow at ti})s except at apex. The underside whitish, suffused and irrorated in parts with pink and fuscous : fore wing with black striga from middle of costa, blackish reniform and sinuous post- medial line, the apical half of terminal area black ; hind wing with black medial band from costa to mediai] nervure angled inwards in cell, a deep black discoidal spot and indistinct minutely waved postmedial line. IJab. Mexico, Orizaba, 1 J , type f S in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 24 millim. POLI.V. 181 1383. Polia poliastis. (Plalc LXXXIII. fig. 20.) Mamestra poUastis, Hiiipsn. Ann. S. Al'r. Mus. ii. p. 268 (1902). Head and thorax white with a slight greenish tinge and with a few black scales ; palpi black, pale at tips ; tegulaj sometimes with black line near tips ; tarsi black ringed with white ; abdomen whitish, dorsally tinged with fuscous and with pale segmental lines. Fore wing white tinged with olive-green and more or less thickly striated with black ; subbasal line black, waved from costa to sub- median fold ; antemedial line black, obliquely waved ; medial area often tinged with black towards inner margin ; claviform and orbicular absent ; reniforra represented l)y a black luuule : post- medial line more or less interrupted, dentate and produced to short streaks on the veins, slightly bent outwards below costa and strongly incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line sometimes represented by ill-defined black marks at veins 5 and 2 ; a terminal series of black spots; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing white, the terminal area tinged with fuscous from apex to vein 2, in female wholly tinged with fuscous, the veins and terminal area suffused with fuscous ; the underside usually with slight discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hah. Br. E. Africa, Machakos {Crawshay), 1 S type, Eb Urru (Betton), 2 $ , Nairobi (Betton), 1 $ , Kui (Betion), 1 $ . Exji. 28- 3o millim. Subsp. Head, thorax, and fore wing tinged with pale brown instead of green. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall), 1 $ ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), 1 $ . 1384. Polia laud abilis. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 21.) Hecatera laudabilis, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 30, pi. 8. f. 4 (1852) ; Drnce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 291 ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 12(;. Hapalia indicans, Wlk. x. 359 (1856). Hecatera strigicollis, Wllgrn. Wien. ent. Mon. iv. p. 170 (18riU). MaTnestra iUaudabiUs, Grote, Can. Ent. vii. p. 27 (1875). Head and thorax white mixed with pale green ; palpi and frons blackish at sides ; teguUc with slight medial blackish line ; patagia blackish on outer side ; tarsi with black bands ; abdomen fuscous, whitish at base, the underside white irroratcd with black. Fore wing pale green ; a double, waved, black subbasal line filled in with white and interrupted in cell, its lower extremity connected with base by a black streak ; antemedial line black defined by white on inner side, oblique, waved ; medial area tinged with black from subcostal nervure to submedian fold ; the claviform green defined by black ; the orbicular and reniform with green centres and white annuli defined by black, the former small, round, open above; an indistinct waved medial line oblique from costa to below cell ; a bright red spot between the stigmata and some red beyond olavit'orni : postmedial line black defined by white on outer side, 1S2 xoctuid.t:. dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, the costa beyond it with black and white points ; sub- terminal line whitish, defined oji inner side by an oblique black shade from costa, then by some more or less obsolescent dentate marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing semihyaline white, the costal area and terraea tinged with fuscous ; cilia with a fuscous line through them ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with fuscous. Ab. ] . Fore wing with the whole medial area suffused with black and without the red marks ; orbicular entire. Ab. 2. illaudabilis. The green tinge almost entirely replaced by white. Ab. 3. Fore wing with the ground-colour white irrorated and suffused with pale rufous. Hah. U.S.A., New Jersey, Alabama, 1 S , Florida, 5^,1$ type mdkans, Texas, Dallas {Boll), 1 $ , Colorado, Manitou, 2 J , (Bruce) 1 c? , 1 $ , California, 3 d" , 2 $ type illavdahilis ; Mexico, Jalapa (Hoer/e, Trujillo), 3 d , 3 $ , Cordova {R'umcU), 1 c^ ; Guatemala {Champion), Id, 2 $, Godman-Salvin Coll. Eaj^. 26-38 millim. Larva. Head small, shagreened, dark reticulate, the vertical bands broad and black. Body sordid and brown, skin pointed granular ; dorsal dark diamond-shaped markings ; dorsal and sub- dorsal lines narrow, pale, the latter edged below by triangular black segmentary marks ; an indistinct pale waved stigmatal line ; substigmatal line broad, pale, ill-defined above. Thoracic feet black- ringed. Spiracles black. — H. G. D. *1385. Polia marmica. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 22.) Hecatera marmica, Sehaus, J. N.Y. Eiit. See. vi. p. 112 (1898) ; Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 567. 5 . Head and thorax white mixed with black, the head and tegulae tinged with ochreous; tarsi ringed black and white; abdo- men dorsally grey-brown, ventrally white irrorated with brown. Fore wing white, almost wholly suffused with fuscous and irrorated with black, leaving a white patch beyond the subbasal line, which is angled at median nervure and recurved to base above vein 1 and with traces of a similar line beyond it ; antemedial line oblique, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 : claviform with its extremity slightly defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with fuscous centres and greyish annuli defined by black, the former small, oblique ; 'postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, a white patch beyond it from vein 2 to inner margin extending to tornus ; subterminal line represented by some small dark dentate marks at middle defined by white on outer side, connected with an apical white patch leaving the medial part of termen fuscous; a terminal series of small l»hick lunulct- ; cilia clic(iuercd black and wliitc. Hind wing POLIA. 183 semihyaline white, the veins, costal area, and termen down to vein 2 brown ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and some postmedial points on costal half. Hah. Mexico, Oaxaca, type f $ in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 32 millim. 1386. Polia quadrilineata. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 23.) Mamestra quadrilineata, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. i. p. 140, pi. 4. f. 15 (1873); Smith, Cat. NocL. N. Am. p. 126. Head and thorax white more or less strongly mixed with dark brown and black ; palpi blackish at sides ; frons with black bar ; teguhe with medial black line ; patagia edged with black ; abdomen whitish irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing bluish white irrorated with pale brown, the medial area and the basal area also in female suffused with black ; a black streak below base of cell ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, the inner not prominent except at costa and inner margin, oblique, minutely waved and slightly angled inwards below costa and at vein 1 ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform small, with brownish centres and white annuli defined by black, the former round, the cell before and between them often suffused with rufous ; an indistinct waved medial line oblique from costa to below cell ; postmedial line dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, defined by white on outer side and with a more prominent patch in submedian interspace, the area beyond it blackish with some white points ; the veins of terminal area blackish, with a more prominent fascia on vein 2 ; subterminal line indistinct, dentate, slightly defined by rufous on outer side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing semihyaline white, the termen tinged with brown especially at apex ; a dark streak on extremity of vein 2 ; the underside with brown irroration on costal area and dark discoidal point. Ab. 1. Head, thorax, and fore wing with the ground-colour grey- green. Hah. U.S.A., California, 4 d" , 2 $ type, (Walsuigham) 1 $. Krp. 30 millim. Larva. Head sordid brown, heavily dark-banded and reticulate. Body sordid brown, skin pointed granular ; markings much as in landahilis^ sordid, obscured, the granules marked. Spiracles black. Thoracic feet brown. Setae stiff, pale, distinct. — H. G. D. *13S7. Polia vittula. (Plate LXXXYI. fig. 13.) M(nnesfra vittula, Grote, Trans. Kansas Ac. Sci. viii. p. 48 (1882) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 117. ^ . Head and tliorax grey mi.\ed with fuscous ; tegulse black at tips ; abdomen pale grey. Fore wing grey suffused and irrorated 184 KOCTTTID^. with fuscous ; a black streak below base of cell ; subbasal line represented by double black strite filled in with pale colour from costa and median nervure ; antemedial line double, filled in with pale colour, nearly erect, obsolescent on costal half; medial area darker ; claviform short, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform small, with greyish annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter narrow ; an indistinct curved medial line ; postmedial line indistinctly double, filled in with pale colour, bent outwards below costa and strongly incurved below vein 4; postmedial area paler except at costa, on which are some white points ; subterminal line pale, defined by the area beyond it being darker, angled outwards at vein 7 and inwards at discal and submedian folds, excurved at middle, defined by black towards inner margin and with a black streak from it to termen in submedian fold ; a terminal series of black striae. Hind wing white, the veins and termen slightly tinged with brown. Hah. U.S.A., New Mexico, Las Vigas, Hot Springs. Exp. '24 millim. This species is unknown to me ; figured from a drawing from type in Brooklyn Inst. Arts and Sci. *1388. Polia incurva. (Plate LXXXYI. fig. 14.) Mamestra incurva, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Miis. x. p. 466 (1887) ; id. Cat. Noct. N, Am. p. 126. Head and thorax dark grey ; tegulse with black line ; abdomen brownish grey. Fore wing dark grey, irrorated with fuscous and slightly tinged with olive, the medial area rather darker ; subbasal line double, ending in a slight black streak ; antemedial line double, slightly excurved in interspaces; claviform small, defined by black: orbicular and reniform small, with obscure pale annuli defined by black, the former irregularly rounded, the latter narrow ; post- medial line double, filled in with pale colour, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, strongly below vein 4 and becoming confluent with lower edge of reniform ; subterminal line pale, slightly defined by fuscous, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle, in submedian fold interrupting a short black streak extending to termen. Hind wing white ; the under- side with the costal area irrorated with fuscous. Hab. U.S.A., Colorado, New Mexico, Las Vigas, Arizona. Ea-^y. 25 millim. This species is unknown to me ; figured from a drawing from type in Brooklyn Inst. Arts and Sci. *1389. Polia intentata. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 15.) Mamestra intcnfata, Smith, Ent. News, is. p. 245 (1898); Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 1.56. Head and thorax pale to dark fuscous grey irrorated with black ; tegulse with indistinct medial line and daik tips; patagia with dark edges ; abdomen white tinged with brown. Fore wing pale to dark fuscous grev irrorated with black : the medial area with a POLIA. 185 yellowish tinge, most prominent below cell ; siibbasal line double filled in with white or yellowish, ending at vein 1 ; antemedial line double filled in with white or yellowish, interrupted, waved, some- what oblique ; claviform large, defined by blackish ; orbicular and reuiform with fuscous centres and whitish aunuli defined by black, the former small, round, the latter moderate and somewhat con- stricted at middle; postmedial line double filled in with yellowish or reddish, minutely waved and produced to white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; subtermiual line whitish, defined on each side by fuscous, irregular ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia pale intersected with fuscous. Hind wing white, the veins and fine terminal line fuscous, in female almost wholly tinged with fuscous, darker on terminal area ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with fuscous, the female with postm-.'dial line. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, Estes Park. Exj^. 29-33 millim. This species is unknown to me ; figured from a drawing from type iu U.S. Nat. Mus. *1390. Polia ciniva. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 24.) Mamestra ciniva, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. vi. p. 142 (1898) ; Druce, Biol. Centr.-Aiu., Het. ii. p. 567. 5 . Head and thorax mixed black, brown, and white ; teguhe with strong black line near tips ; tarsi banded black and white ; abdomen brown irrorated with grey, dorsally white irrorated with brown. Pore wing bluish white, thickly irrorated with black and suflused in parts with grey ; antemedial line double at costa, then single, oblique to submedian fold and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former small, round ; postmedial line rather indistinct, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line ill-defined, irregular, with a blackish patch beyond it above tornus wdth two white points on it; cilia white with fuscous lines through them. Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins and marginal areas tinged with fuscous ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal spot. Hah. Mexico, Oaxaca, typef $ in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 24 millim. 1391. Polia hodeva. Hccatera hodeva, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Aiu., Ilet. i. i). L"J1, pi. 27. f. 21 (1889). 2 . Head and thorax clothed with pale brown, white, and black scales; tarsi banded with black; abdomen i)ale brown, the ventral surface white irrorated with black. Fore wing white, tinged in parts with pale brown and thickly irrorated with black, the medial area suffused with black except on inner area; a black fascia below 186 NOCTTriDJi;. base of cell ; a waved subbasal lino from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double filled in with white, oblique, waved : clavi- form with its extremity defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with fuscous-brown centres and whitish aunuli detined by black, the former small, round ; postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side, dentate, indistinctly double towards inner margin, bent out- wards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line very ill-defined, whitish, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, with blackish patches beyond it at discal and submedian folds ; a fine waved terminal line ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing semiliyaliue white, the apical area and termen to vein 2 tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated with brown. Ilab. Guatemala, S. (leronimo {Champion)^ 1 § type, Godman- Salvin Coll. Exy. 28 millim. 1392. Polia alboguttata. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 25.) Mamestra alboguttata, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soe. Nat. Sci. iii. p. 85 (1877) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 126. $ . Head and thorax black mixed with white, the head mostly Avhite, the patagia and metathorax with white patches; abdomen fuscous brown, with whitish segmental rings ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen yellowish white irrorated with brown. Pore wing black, suffused with silvery blue on veins of inner half and on antemedial and postmedial areas ; subbasal line black, defined by white on outer side, angled outwards at median nervure and ending at submedian fold ; antemedial line defined by white on outer side, oblique, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform obscurely defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former small, round, the latter with brownish centre and white annulus ; postmedial line defined on outer side by whitish and some rufous at submedian fold, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by some dentate black marks at middle, angled outwards at v<;in 7, excurved at middle and to tornus ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing whitish, the veins, costal and terminal areas tinged with fuscous ; the underside irrorated and the terminal area suffused with brown, a small discoidal spot. Hah. U.S.A., Oregon, 1 $ type, California, New Mexico. Exp. 32 millim. 1393. Polia erecta. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 26.) Celmna erecta, Wlk. x. 264 (1856) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 127. Perif/m const ipata, Wlk. xi. 734 (1857). Ferigmphn inne.ra, Grote, Bull. Buff. See. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 123 (1874). Anthophita erecta. Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 499 (nee Wlk.). Head and thorax reddish brown, the scales tipped with white ; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing reddish brown thickly irrorated VOUA. 187 wilh purplish grey ; sul)liasiil line grej', from costa to sultmediau fold ; aiitemediiil lino rletined by grey on inner side, oblique from costa to median nervure, then excurved ; claviform obt^olete ; orbicular and reniform defined by grey, the former elliptical, the latter constricted at middle ; an oblique dark line from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, bent; outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white with some grey suffusion on inner side, excurved below costa and at middle ; a fine dark terminal line. Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins and marginal areas tinged with reddish brown ; cilia white with a brown line through them ; the underside with the costal area irrorated Avith red-brown. Ilab. U.S.A., E. Florida (Doubleday), 1 J type, Texas, ] J , 1 $ , types coiistipata and inneoca; Mexico, Jalapa (TrujiUo), 2 $ ; Guatemala {Rodriguez), 1 J Godman-Salvin Coll. Exp. 30 millim. 1394. Poliadatis. Celana datis, Druce, A. M. N. H. (B) xiii. p. 359 (1894) ; id. Biol. Ceuti-.- Ain., Het. ii. p. 478, pi. 93. f. 13. Hctfh'na /PTjecre, Scbaus, Trans. Am. Ent. See. xxi. p. 1228 (1894); Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 487. Mamestra seminaria, Schaiis, Trans. Am. Eiit. Soc, xxi. p. 227 (1894) ; Druce, Biol. Centr.-Ani., Het. ii. p. 476. Haihna vii/as, Schaus, Trans. Am. Ent. See. xxi. p. 229 (1894) ; Druce, Biol. Ceiitr.-Aui., Het. ii. p. 488. Ccfceiia quadrUincafa, Drnce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 479 (nee Grote). S . Head and thorax orange-red mixed with black : tegulae with medial black line ; tarsi black ringed with white ; abdomen fuscous. Fore wing orange-red irrorated with black, the veins streaked with blackish ; subbasal line double, black, waved, from costa to sub- median fold where it emits a streak to base and a slight sjHir on outer side ; antemedial line double, the inner line indistinct, obli(]uc from costa to submedian fold and slightly angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform small, indistinctly defined by black and with brownish centres, the former round; an obscure medial shade angled outwards on median nervure; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa and oljlique below vein 4, defined by whitish on outer side towards inner margin ; siibterminal line only defined by a blackish patch beyond it on costa; a black streak in terminal part of submedian fold ; cilia fuscous, with a whitish line through them. Hind wing white, the costa andtermen tinged with fuscous ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. 5 . Thorax grey and brown; fore wing grey suffused with fuscous brown, some orange-red at base and in discal and submedian folds. Hah. Mexico, Jalapa (Trvjillo), 4 c? , 1 $ type, Godman-Salvin Coll., typest frprca and I'emhwna in Coll. Schaus, Las Yigas, type -f S vvjas in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 'lb millim. 188 NOCTUID^f;. l;395. Polia rugosa. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. -27.) Mamestra ritgosa, Morr. Prop. Bost. Soe, Nat. Hist, xviii. n. 110 (1875) ; Smith, Ciit. Noct. N. Am. p. 128. $ . Head and thorax whitish with a few black-hrowu hairs and scales ; abdomen clothed with dark brown and whitish scales. Fore wing whitish, slightly suffused and irrorated with dark brown ; the area below base of cell irrorated with some large black scales ; subbasal and antemedial lines obsolete ; claviform moderate, incompletclj' defined by black ; orbicular and reniform white with brownish centres, defined by the cell before and between them being black, the former obli(|ue oblong, open above and below, the latter oblong, its lower extremity angled inwards on median nervure and confluent with former ; postmedial line indistinct, pale, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, the area before it below the cell suffused with black ; subterminal line pale, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, defined on inner side by dentate black spots except towards costa, the area beyond it suffused with dark brown : a terminal series of small black Innules. Hind wing pale suffused with red-brown, the terminal area tinged with fuscous ; the underside paler, a dark diseoidal lunule and diffused subterminal band. Hah. U.S.A., Maine, 1 $ . Ex^). 'SI millim, 1396. Polia marinitincta. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 'IS.) Mamestra viarbiitinda, Harv. Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. '278 (1875) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 126. Head and thorax white mixed with some blackish scales, the latter tinged with blue-green ; palpi and frons black at sides ; tegula) with medial black line, patagia edged with black ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen fuscous. Fore wing whitish or pale brownish grey more or less tinged with green and the medial area with black ; a sinuous black streak below base of cell : subbasal line black defined by whitish on outer side, angled outwards on median nervure, from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line double filled in with whitish, the outer line strong, oblique from costa to sub- median fold, angled slightly outwards below costa and strongly on vein 1 ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform small, whitish defined by black, the former rather oblique elliptical ; an indistict waved medial line obliijue from costa to below cell ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, a blackish streak beyond it on vein 2 and some white points on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of more or less developed dentate black and white marks, defined on inner side by an oblique black shade from costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing fuscous black ; cilia white with a dark line through POLIA, V 189 thera ; the underside whitish irroratod with blaclf, a small discoidal luuule and indistinct sinuous ])ostmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Texas, 3 d" , 2 $ , type. Exp. 30 millim. 1397. Polia mediana. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 29.) Bry&phila mediana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1S81, p. 332; Hmpsii. Moths Ind. ii. p. -im. Head and thorax grey-white mixed with pale brown, the patagia sometimes with a few black scales ; abdomen grey suffused with brown. Fore wing grey-white thickly irrorated with dark brown; subbasal line blackish, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; ante- medial line oblique, waved, angled outwards in cell and above inner margin; medial area dull reddish brown ; claviform absent ; orbicular and reniform small, conjoined below, usually with brownish centres, the former oblique elliptical ; postmodial line dentate, represented by black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4 ; subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being clouded with brown, angled outwards at veins 7 and 4 and inwards at discal and submedian folds ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the underside grey irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal point and curved postmedial line with black points at the veins. Hah. Punjab, Knlu, Sultanpur (G'. Young, Pllcher), 2 (S ., 6 5) Simla {Reed), 2 $ type, Subathu {Harford), 1 $ . Exp. 30- 34 millim. 1398. Polia fasciata. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 30.) Hecatera fccsciata. Leech, Trans. Ent. See. 1889, p. 134, pi. ix. f. 8. 5 . Head and thorax grey mixed with dull brown ; abdomen grey suffused with brown. Fore wing grey thickly irrorated with dark brown : the subbasal line represented by a patch on costa and spot below cell ; the ante- and postmedial lines only defined by the medial areas being fuscous brown, the former oblique, waved, angled outwards in cell and above inner margin, the latter some- what dentate, angled outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4 ; stigmata absent ; subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being dark brown, angled outwards at veins 7 and 4 and inwards in discal and submedian folds. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the underside grey irrorated with brown ; a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Centr. China, Kiukiang {Pratt), 1 $ type. Ex2^. 34 millim. *1399. Polia roseosuffusa. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 12.) Mrniirsfra roxcomffusa, Sinitli, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxii. p. 4()() (19U0); Dvar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. ir)G. J. Head and thorax whitish mixed with grey and tinged with 190 NOCTUIDyE. rosy pink ; aLdoraen yellowish fuscous. Fore wing whitish suffused with rosy pink and tinged with fuscous to the medial shade, on postmedial area at costa, middle and inner margin, and on terminal area except at apex ; subbasal line double filled in with whitish, waved ; antemedial line double filled in with whitish, oblique, waved ; claviform hardly traceable ; orbicular small, very indistinct, with whitish annulus ; renitbrm represented by a little dark shading; a fuscous medial shade ; postmedial line fine, single, crenulate, slightly bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line whitish, defined by tbe dark patches before it and terminal area, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of dark points ; cilia chequered pale and fuscous. Hind wing yellowish suffused with brown : the underside pale yellowish. Hah. U.S.A., Arizona. Exp. 28 millim. This species is unknown to me ; figured from a drawing from type in U.S. Nat. Mus. 1400. Polia renisigna. (Plate LXXXIII. fig. 31.) Celmna renisigna, Wlk. x. 267 (1856). Dianthoecia prcBtermissa, Wlk. xi. 506 (1857). Hadena depulsa, Wlk. xi. 590 (1857). Hadema inculta, Wlk. Trans. Eot. Soc. (3) i. p. 88 (1862). Hadena ficita, Wlk. xxxiii. 734 (1865). Hadena contracfa, Wlk. xxxiii. 735 (1865). Hadena servilis, Wlk. xxxiii. 736 (1865). Head and thorax purplish red-brown more or less strongly mixed with grey and black ; tegulse with medial black line ; tarsi with ochreous rings ; abdomen fuscous brown mixed with grey. Fore wing purplish red-brown to purplish fuscous mixed with grey; sub- basal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line defined by pale colour on inner side, angled outwards below costa, oblique to vein 1 , then bent inwards ; claviform moderate or small, defined or filled in with black ; orbicular and reniforui defined by black, small, the former round, oblique elliptical, or oblique V-shaped, sometimes filled in with white, the latter narrow with brown centre and pale annulus, becoming white below, angled inwards on median nervure ; traces of a medial line oblique to median nervure ; a blackish patch between reniform and postmedial line, which is bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, somewhat dentate and produced to short streaks on the veins, ending in pale points, some pale points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line formed by a series of small whitish and black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3, the area beyond it rather darker ; a fine terminal black line : a series of pale points at base of cilia. Hind wing uniform fuscous brown, or the basal half more or less whitish ; cilia white at tips ; the underside whitish or reddish irrorated with black, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. POLIA. 191 Hah. Br. E, Africa, Nairobi (Betton), 2 $ , Kikuyu {Crcavshay, Betion), 3 d* , 3 $ , Neugia (Crawshai/), 1 $ , Ndimu {Bet ton), 3 j , Morendat (Betton) 1 d' , Nairowa (ZJciion), 1 $ , Kilima-njaro (7/«w- nimjton), 1 $ ; Delagoa Bat (Junod), 1 cJ , 1 $ ; Transvaal, Piet Retief (Crciwshay), 3 J; Natal, Estcourt {Hutchinson), 6^,15, Howick, 1 $, Durban {Leigh), 'S 2; Basutoland, Maseru {Craw- shaij), 3 (5 ; Cape Colony, Kenilworth, 1 (S {Dr. Smith), 6 2 > type and types prcelennissa and depulsa, Knysna {Trimen), 1 (5,2 $ , type contractn, Aunsbaw {31iss F. Barrett), 1 c? , Cape Town {Trimen, Lightfoot), 1 J, 1 5, type ^ciia. -S/a'^^. 26-36 millim. Types t inculta and servilis in Mus. Oxon. *1401. Polia goniophora. (Plate LXXXIIT. fig. 32.) Alamestra ffoniaphura, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 231 (1903). (S . Head and thorax olive-green, some of the scales tipped with white ; palpi blackish at sides ; legs mixed with black and white • abdomen whitish, pale brown, and black. Fore wing olive-green the disk suffused with brown ; a white subbasal line from costa to submedian fold, dentate outwards in cell ; antemedial line repre- sented by white spots on costa and inner margin, then by an obscure dark line with an oblique striga below costa and point on median nervure ; orbicular a small round white spot, reniform an oblique white bar, angled inwards in lower end of cell; postmedial line obscure, dark, dentate, with white spots at costa and inner margin some white points on the portion bent outwards below costa and white points at extremity of teeth on veins 4, 3, 2 ; subterrainal line indistinct, dark, irregular, with white spots on it towards apex, a white spot at inner margin and three white spots beyond it on middle of termen. Hind wing fuscous brown, with some obscure white spots on termen ; the cilia ochreous ; underside whitish irrorated with large black scales, a black discoidal lunule on a rather indistinct medial line, a sinuous postmedial line. Hab. Brazil, Castro Parana, type t ruce, Biol. Centr.-Ani., Het. i. p. 275, pi. xxvii. f. 1 (1889). c? . Head and thorax ochreous mixed with dark brown ; tarsi with yellow rings ; abdomen fuscous. Fore wing reddish brown suffused in parts with black ; a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold defined by ochreous on outer side ; antemedial line double, irregularly waved, filled in with ochreous ; claviform repre- sented by a slight black mark ; orbicular a small black annulus ; reniform ochreous, incompletely defined by black ; an indistinct waved medial line with the area between it and postmedial line dark brown ; i)ostmedial line defined by ochreous white on outer side, oblique from costa to vein 6, incurved below vein 5 and retracted to inner margin, the veins beyond it slightly streaked with white and some pale points on costa ; the subterminal line somewhat dentate, whitish towards costa, defined on inner side by a dark patch at costa and by a slight dark shade from middle to inner margin, the area beyond it dark brown with patches of white suffusion at apex and between veins 4 and 2 ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia chequered brown and ochreous. Hind wing dark brown ; the cilia ochreous with a dark line at base ; the underside paler brown, the costal area irrorated with large whitish scales extending to vein 5 beyond the cell, a dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Guatemala, Totonicapam [Champion), 1 c? type, Godman- Sahdn Coll. Eap. 28 millim. 1404. Polia bohemanni. Anarta hohcmanni, Staud. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1861, p. 370; Mill. Te. i. pi. 39. f. 6 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 218. J . Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown slightly mixed with grey. Fore wing dark brown irrorated with grey ; subbasal line represented by dark marks below costa and cell, defined by grey on outer side ; antemedial line defined by grey on inner side, curved and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform indistinctly defined by black ; orbicular and reniform small, with greyish annuli defined by black, the former round ; a dark medial shade ; postmedial line somewhat dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line very indistinct, grey, dentate; cilia chequered brown and yellowish. Hind wing orange-yellow ; a POLIA. 193 brown discoidal point and rathe^ broad terminal band ; cilia chequered brown and yellow ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas suffused with brown, a discoidal lunule. Hah. Scandinavia, Lapland, 1 ^S '■> Arctic llussiA; N.E.Siberia. Exp. 32 niillim. 1405. Polia secedens. (Plate LXXXIY. fig. 2.) Phisia secedens, Wlk. xii. 913 (1857) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 294. S . Head and thorax black-brown mixed with white scales and hairs ; abdomen dark brown with the dorsal crests blackish. Fore wing dark brown slightly irrorated with white; an indistinct waved black subbasal line from eosta to submedian fold ; an oblique slightly waved antemedial line ; claviform with its extremity defined by black ; orbicular and reniform rather small, the former round, the latter open above and below ; postmedial line somewhat dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved; subterminal line represented by a series of dentate black marks defined by white scales on inner side ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing bright yellow, the costal and terminal areas dark brown with diffused edges ; cilia yellow at tips ; the underside with brown discoidal lunule conjoined to the costal area. Hah. Canada, Hudson's Bay, St. Martin's Falls (Dr. Barnston)^ 1 (5 type. Exp. 32 millim. b. {Hm-modia.) Abdomen of female with the extremity produced and conical, the ovipositor exserted. a\ Fore wing with the subterminal line strongly dentate on veins 4, 3 and forming a distinct ^-mark. a}. Fore wing with the reniform strongly angled inwards on median nervure and connected with the orbi- cular or nearly so cucubali. b"^. Fore wing with the reniform well separated from tlie orbicular. a^. Fore wing with the orbicular oblique elliptical ... bicruris. b^. Fore wing with the orbicular rounded. a'. Fore wing with the antemedial line oblique, double carpu'phaga. 6'. Fore wing with the antemedial line erect, single, lijpru. b^. Fore wing with the subterminal line not forming a ^-niark on veins 4, 3. a^. Fore wing without white patch on medial area. a^. Fore wing with the groimd-colour olive-brown ... maynolii. b^. Fore wing with the ground-colour grey and dark brown, a'*. Fore wing with orange fulvous on ante- and postmedial areas Jiligramma. i'. Fore wing without orange fulvous on ante- and postmedial areas. fl°. Fore wing with the postmedial line incurved below vein 4 tephrolenca. ¥. Fore wing with the postmedial line oblique below vein 4 pvmihi. VOL. V. 0 194 X0CTUIDJ5. b^. Fore wing with white patch on medial area. a^. Fore wing witli the wfiite patch not extending below submedian fold. a*. Fore wing olive-brown not suffused with fuscous albimacula. h*. Fore wing olive-brown suffused with fuscous . . . conspersa. h^. Fore wing with the white patch extending to inner margin. a*. Fore wing with the claviform large, forming part of the dark area compta. 6*. Fore wing with the claviform absent guenei. 1406. Polia cucubali. Koctua cucubali, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 84 (1776); Esp. Schraett. iv. pi. 173. f. 6; Hiibn. Eur. Sclimett., Noct. f. 56; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 331, pi. 93. f. 5 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 187 ; Curt. Brit. Ent. p. 308; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 163. Noctua rivularis, Fabr. Spec. Ins. ii. p. 234 (1781). Nochia rivosa, Strom. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Skr. p. 77 (1783). Noctua behensis, Frr. Beitr. v. p. 142, ^\. 467. f. 4 (1831). Dianthxeia mandarina, Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1900, p. 51. Head and thorax red-brown mixed with purple, grey, and dark scales; tarsi with pale rings; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing red-brown, irrorated with fuscous and suffused with violaceous especially near the lines ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to mm ^s=^ ^^ Fig. 26. — Volia cucubali, ? . } . submedian fold ; antemedial line double, waved ; claviform large, suffused with and defined by black : orbicular and reniform with brown centres and yellow annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, usually conjoined to the latter, which is more or less angled inwards on median nervure; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmedial line double, the inner crenulate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line yellow, defined on inner side by diffused blackish, somewhat dentate marks and some difli'used black on outer, angled outwards at vein 7, dentate at veins 4, 3, and excurved to tornus ; a terminal series of small blaclc lunules. Hind wing pale, suffused with reddish brown especially on terminal area and in female; the underside pale irrorated with red-brown, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial and sub- terminal lines. Ab. 1. mandarina. Darker, browner, and without the violaceous iinge; the annuli of stigmata and subterminal line whiter. — Japan, China. POLIA. 195 Hah. Beitain, Leech Coll. ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; Russia, Livonia, Zeller Coll. ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Pontus ; Kurdistan ; W. Turkestan, Issyk-kul ; Amur- land, Ussuri ; Japan, Hakodate {Andrexvs), 7 c?, 1 $» Yokohama {Manley, Jonas), 1 c?, 1 $ , Tokio (Maries), 1 d" , Oivvake (Pryer), 1 S , Tsuniga (Leech), 1 $ ; China, Chusan (J. J. Walker), 1 c? , Chia-kou-ho (Pratt), 1 c? , Psu-tu-fang, 1 c? type. Exj). 32- 36 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 79; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 238, pi. 163. f. 1. Greenish grey tinged with orange and with numerous white dots ; dorsal line brown ; a subdorsal series of oblique brown marks ; head with dark markings. Food-plants : leaves and seed-capsules of Silene and Lychnis. 7-8. 1407. Polia bicruris. Phalfsna bicruris, Hiifn. Berl. Mag. iii. 3, p. 302 (1766). Noctua capsincola, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 84 (1776); Esp. Schrnett. iv. pi. 173. f. 5; Hlibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 57; Diip. Lep. Fr vi. p. 334, pi. 93. f. 6; Stepb. 111. Brit. Eut., Haust. ii. p. 188 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 163. Noctua impressa, Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 152. f. 3 (1788). Head and thorax reddish brown mixed with grey and some blackish scales ; tegulne with dark medial line ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen pale grey-brown. Fore wing reddish brown irrorated with black and some white scales ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold; some dark scales above inner margin near base ; antemedial line double, waved, angled outwards above inner margin ; claviform large, suffused with black and defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and white annuli defined by black, the former rather irregularly oblique elliptical ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmedial line double, crenulate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line white, with some diffused fuscous, somewhat dentate marks on its inner side, strongest in submedian fold, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 : a terminal series of small black lunules defined by whitish ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing whitish snffused with brown, deepest on terminal area; cilia whitish, with a brown line through them; the underside wliitish irrorated with brown, a discoidal s])ot and curved postmedial and subterrainal lines. Hah. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France ; Germany, Zeller and Leech Colls. ; Austria ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; Spain ; Italy ; Scan- dinavia ; KussiA, Livonia, Zeller Coll., Crimea; Armenia; W. Turkestan, Issyk-kul ; W. Siberia, Altai. Exp. 30-40 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 79 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 242, pi. 163. f. 2. Light brownish ochreous irrorated with brown ; dorsal line pale, indistinct, traversing a series of dark V-shaped marks ; head with dark markings. Food-plants : seed-capsules of Silene and Lychnis, 7-9. o2 19G NOCTUIDiE. 1408. Polia carpophaga. ^octua carpophaga, Borkli. Eur. Schmett. iv. p. 4'22 (1792) ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. yU5, pi. 92. f. 1 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 103. Noctua ochracea, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 199 (18U9j. Noctua perplexa, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 89 (1827). Dia7ii kacia capsophila, Boisd. Ind. Meth. p. 125 (1840); Dup. Lep. Fr., Suppl. iv. p. 100, pi. 68. f. 8 (1842). Dianthaecia nisus, Herr.-SchaiF. Schmett. Eur. ii. p. 249, pi. 90. f. 461 (1845), nee Germ. Opigena repanda, Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett. ii. p. 330, Noct. f. Gl (1845). Dianthoecia capsophoha, Embr. Oat. Lep. S. And. pi. 9. f. 2 (1858). Bianthoecia pallida, Tutt, Brit. Noct. iii. p. 30 (1892). Head and thorax dull red-brown mixed with some grey and black ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen pale reddish brown. Fore wing dull reddish brown slightly irrorated with black, the lines usually filled in with greyish ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; a curved black mark above inner margin near base ; antemedial line double, waved, oblique ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and white annuli defined by black, the former round ; a waved medial line ; postmedial line double, the inner lunulate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by some dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3, then incurved ; a terminal series of small black lunulas defined by whitish ; cilia intersected with whitish. Hind wing pale suffused with reddish brown, especially on terminal area ; cilia pale, with a rufous line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with red-brown, a slight discoidal lunula, sinuous post- medial line, and diffused subterminal liiie. Ab. 1. ochracea. Ground-colour ochreous to pale reddish bi'own. Ab. 2. capsophila. Ground-colour dark brown, the thorax and fore wing more variegated with grey. Hab. Britain, Scotland, Leech Coll., I. of Man (Grer/son), England (Doubledaij), Ireland, Leech Coll. ; Eeance, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Switzerland, Leech Coll. ; Corsica ; Spain ; Italy, Capri ( C S. Browne) ; Dalmatia, Frey and Leech Colls. ; Russia, Livonia, Zeller Coll. ; Crimea ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Pontus, Bithynia, Mardin ; Syria ; W. Turkestan, Ferghana, Askabad; E. Turkestan, Hi ; W. Siberia, Altai. £'a^:». 26-34 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 79; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 23.3, pi. 102. Pale greyish ochreous or brownish ochreous ; dorsal, subdorsal, and spiracular lines p.ile ; head light brown with darker markings. Food-plants : seed-capsulos of Silene infiata and S. maritima. 7-8. *1409. Polia lypra. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 3.) Lianthmcia lypra, Piing. Iris, xvi. p. 287, pi. vi. f. 3 (1904). $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen grey tinged with olive-brown POLIA. 1 97 and mixed with fuscous ; tarsi banded with black. Fore wing brownish grey, almost entirely suti'uscd with pale olive-browu ; subbasal line black, waved from costa to submedian fold ; ante- medial line minutely waved, erect, stronger in submedian fold ; claviform represented by a V-shaped black mark at its extremity ; orbicular and reniform moderate, whitish, incompletely defined by black, the former round ; postmedial line dentate, strongly bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, thickened in submedian fold, some pale points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line pale, defined on inner side by slight dentate black marks below costa and at middle, angled outwards at vein 7, dentate at veins 4, 3 and forming a rather obscure ^-mark ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia ochreous grey mixed with fuscous. Hind wing- pale with an ochreous tinge and almost uniformly suffused with fuscous ; cilia ochreous, with an obscure fuscous line near base ; underside grey-white slightly irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line, the area beyond it suffused with fuscous. Hah. W. Turkestan, Askabad, type f in Coll, Piiugeler. Exp. 32 millim. 1410, Polia magnolii. Bianthcecia inax/noUi, Boisd. lud. Meth. p. 125 (1829) ; Dup. Lep. Fr., Suppl. iii. p. 241, pi. 22. f. 4 ; Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 71 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 162. Mi&elia nimvuo&a, Ev. Faun. Volg. Ur. p. 232 (1844) ; Frr. Beitr. iv. pi. 351. f. 6. Head and thorax olive-brown mixed with white and black ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing olive-brown with a reddish tinge, sparsel}' irrorated with white, chietiy on the veins, and slightly suffused with black ; a whitish patch at base of costa traversed by the double, waved, black subbasal line from costa t'l submedian fold ; antemedial line double, waved, filled in with white ; claviform large, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform Avith brown centres and white annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter rather irregular and with its outer edge indented ; a medial shade, oblique to median nervure, then somewhat dentate ; postmedial line defined by white on outer side, strongly dentate, bent outwards below costa and stroiigly incurved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by a series of small dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and somewhat dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules defined by white ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing ochreous white slightly irrorated with brown, the veins and marginal areas strongly suffused with brown; cilia with a brown line near base; the underside with discoidal spot, sinuous postmedial line, and diffused subtermiiuil band. Hah. Fkance, Sand Coll.; Switzerland, ZcUer, Frey, and Leech Colls.: Austria; Italy, Capri (C. /S'. i?>-oiwe) ; Dalmatia ; Russia, 198 NOCTtJID^. Sarepta; Aemenia ; Asia Mikok, Pontus, Autioch, Mardin ; W. TuEKESTAN, Ferghana. Exp. 36-40 millim. Subs]), conspunuta. Frr. Neue Beitr. Schmett. v. p. 82, pi. 430. f. 3 (184.n); Ilerr.-Sclmfl'. Eur. Schmett., JS'oct. ff. 463, 470; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 162. Head, thorax, and fore wing grey-brown without tlie rufous tinge, the last with the elaviform reduced to a small black mark, the orbicular oblique elliptical, the reniform slightly angled inwards on median ncrvure but not on subcostal nervure. Hah. C. and S. Russia, Urals ; W. Siberia, Altai ; ? E. Siberia ; Punjab, Hunza {Sir M. Conivay), 1 d • Larva. WuUscblegel, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxxii. p. 406. Pale reddish grey with a dark maculate dorsal stripe, oblique subdorsal marks, and pale lateral lino. Food-plant : Sihne nutans. 8-9. 1411, Polia filigramma. Nod ua fili gramma, Esp. Schmett. iv. p. o9(i, pi. 130. f. 4 (1788) ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 413, pi. 98. f. 5; Herr.-Schaft'. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 465; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 162. Koctua polymifa, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 48 (1827), nee Linn. Noduafiavivibica, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Text, p. 171 (1827). Koctua xanthocyanea, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. fF. 640-1 (1827). Diaiithoecia lutencincta, Embr. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1834, p. 382, pi. 8. f . 1 ; Mill. Ann. Soc. Cannes, 1878, pi. 3. f. 10. Bicnithoecia xa.nthofusca, Guen. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1841, p. 243. Licmthoecia melanochroa, Staud. Iris, iv. p. 273 (1891). Head and thorax reddish ochreous mixed with fuscous brown ; tarsi witli whitish rings ; abdomen grey- brown. Fore wing pale brown, more or less strongly suffused and irrorated with fuscous ; some rufous below base of costa, in base of submedian fold, and above inner margin ; subbasal line ill-defined, double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line waved ; elaviform short, filled in with rufous ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and rufous annuli defined by black, the former round ; medial line oblique to median nervure, then dentate ; postmedial line strongly dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some ])ale points beyond it on costa : subterminal line pale, defined by diffuse dentate rufous marks on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing fuscous brown, the ter- minal area darker ; cilia ochreous white, with a brown line through them ; the underside pale, the costal and terminal areas sufiused with brown, a dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. c^antliocyanea. Head, thorax, and fore wing irrorated wit! 7, ::ite, the ground-colour fuscous and grey without the reddish- brown tinge. Ab. 2. luteocincta. Paler and more mixed with white, especially on medial and terminal areas of fore wing. Ah. '3. melanochroa. Smaller and darker ; fore wing slightly mixed with white and rufous. — Asia Minor ; W. Turkestan. Hah. France, Sand Coll. : Germany, Zeller and Leech Colls. ; POLIA. 199 Austria, Zeller Coll. ; Hungaky, Zeller and D'Emmick Colls. ; Swit- zerland, Frey Coll. ; Italy ; Dalmatia ; Scandinavia ; Lapland, Leech Coll. ; Russia, Sarepta, Zeller and Fray Colls., Urals ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Pontus, Taurus ; Syria, 1 c3" ; Persia; W.Turkestan, Turcomania, Saisau, Ferghana, Issyk-kul, Ala-Tau ; W. Siberia, Altai ; E. Turkestan, Hi. Exp. 30-40 millim. Larva. Feeds on Si.lene rudans. 7-8. 1412. Polia tephroleuca. Bianthoecia tephroleuca, Boiscl. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1833, p. 374, pi. 14. f. 4 ; Dup. Lep. Fr., Suppl. iii. p. 244, pi. 22. f. 5 ; Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. fP. 140, 469 ; Stand. Oat. Lep. pal. p. 162. c? . Head and thorax grey mixed with fuscous brown ; tegulse with black medial line ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen grey- brown. Fore wing grey-white suftused and irrorated with fuscous brown; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submediau fold; antemedial line double, waved, filled in with whitish ; claviform very small, defined by Ijlack ; orbicular and reniform small, with brown centres and grey-white annuli defined by black, the former round ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmediai line dentate, defined on outer side by grey-white lunules, bent outwards below costa and strongly incurved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line grey-white, defined on inner side by small dentate blackish marks, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved and somewhat dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing pale suffused with fuscous brown, the terminal area darker; cilia whitish, with a brown line through them ; the underside pale suffused with brown, a slight discoidal spot and curved postmediai line, a diffused subterminal band. Hah. Switzerland {Gerhard), 1 6 . Exp. 32 millim. 1413. Polia pumila. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 4.) Dianthcecia ■pumila, Stand. Ilor. Soc. Eut. Ross. xiv. p. 378 (1879) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 164. Head and thorax grey mixed with brown and black ; tegulae with black medial line ; abdomen grey mixed with brown. Foro wing whitish, largely suffused and irrorated with brown ; subbasal line double, waved, filled in with whitish, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line indistinctly dou])le, filled in with whitish, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform short or moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform whitish, with brown centre and defined by black, the former rounded, tlie latter slightly concave on inner side ; traces of a medial line ; postmediai line double filled in with whitish, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line white, defined on inner side by slight dentate black marks below costa and at middle, excurved at vein 7 and at veins 4 and 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing 200 NOCTUID^. whitish suffused with fuscous brown, especially on terminal area, more uniformly in female ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a fine dark terminal line. Hah. Asia Minor, Pontus, 1 (5,1 $ , Taurus ; Syria, Mardin. Exp., 6 2Q, $ 28 millim. 1414. Polia albimacula. Nnctita albimacula, Borkh. Eur. Sclimett. iv. p. 149 (1792) ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 137, pi. 19. f. 3; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 162. Noctiia coinpta, Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 117 a. f. 7 (1790), nee Schiff. Noctua concinna, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 51 (1827) ; Dup. Lep. Fr. Ti. p. 359, pi. 95. f. 3. Head and thorax reddish olive-brown with white markings ; tegular with white and black medial line ; patagia with white patch edged with black ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen brown. Fore wing reddish olive- brown ; a white patch on base of costa traversed by the double, waved, black subbasal line and ending at submedian fold, where there is a black lunule beyond it followed by a curved mark above inner margin ; an irregularly waved black antemedial line defined by white on inner side ; claviform incom- pletely defined by black, and with a bidentate white patch beyond it on base of vein 2, extending into the cell on outer side of the orbicular, which is round, white defined by black and with brown centre, and with white mark above it on costa ; reniform with brown centre and white annulus defined by black ; a waved medial line ; postmedial line black defined by white on outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa and strongly incurved below vein 4, some white points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line white, defined by small dentate black marks on inner side and some black beyond it in discal fold, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved and somewhat dentate at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules defined by white ; cilia brown intersected with white. Hind wing pale suffused with reddish brown, especiallj' on terminal area ; a white spot on vein 2 near termen ; cilia white with brown line through them ; the underside whitish, the costal area irrorated with brown, the terminal area suffused with brown, a small discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Switzerland, Leech Coll. ; Hungary, Leech Coll.; Russia, Livonia, Zeller Coll.; Armenia; Asia Minor, Pontus ; Persia ; W. Siberia, Altai. E,vp. 28-38 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 77 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 245, pi. 103. f. 3. Pale brownish ochrcous ; dorsal line fine, indistinctly pale, traversing a series of blackish spots connected with indistinct V-shaped marks ; supra-spiracular line waved, fuscous, indistinct ; head brown-streaked. Food-plant : seed-capsules of Silene nutans. 7-8. POLIA. 201 1415. Polia conspersa. Nodua nana, Kott. Naturf. ix. p. 132 (ITTC)), nee Hiifn. ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 1G2. Noctua cojispersa, SchifT. Wien. Verz. p. 71 (1776) ; Esp. Schmet.t. iv. pi. Ill), f. 5; Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 52; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 3.U pl. 95. f. 1. Bomhi/x annulata, Fabr. Spec. Ins. ii. p. 204 (1781). Lianthoecia ochrea, Gregson, Ent. Eec. ii. p. 306 (1891). Dianthoecia dealbafa, Staud. Iris, v. p. 365 (1892). Dianthofcia hethlandica, Staud. Iris, v. p. 366 (1892). Head and thorax white with black markings ; tegulae and patagia edged with black, the former with black medial line ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen pale brown. Fore wing olive-grey suffused in part witli black and with white patches tinged in part with yellow ; a basal white patch on costa traversed by the double, waved, subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a double, waved, antemedial line traversing a white patch on inner margin ; claviform defined by black, with a bidentate white patch beyond it on base of vein 2 extending into the cell on outer side of the orbicular, which is round, white defined by black, and with some white marks on costa above it ; reniform white defined by black and with olive centre ; postmedial line double, lunulate, filled in with white towards costa and inner margin, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, incurved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa, and a white patch on inner area ; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by some dentate black marks at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the area beyond it more or less suffused with white and with a white apical patch; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered fuscous and white. Hind wing fuscous brown, the interspaces rather paler towards base ; cilia white at tips ; the underside greyish thickly irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial and subterminal bands. Ab. 1. ochrea. Fore wing with the markings ochreous instead of white. Ab. 2. hethlandica. Fore wing much darker, often almost uniform fuscous, the cilia without white. — Shetland Is. Ab. 3. deaJbata. Fore wing with the white markings reduced, the apical patch absent. — Armenia ; W. Turkestan ; E. Siberia. llah. Britain, Shetland, Orkneys, Hebrides (McArthur), England, Ireland, Leech Coll. ; Fk^nce, Sand Coll. ; Gkrmany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Hungary, Leech Coll. ; Switzerland, Zeller Coll. ; Algeria, Eone (Lewis), 1 (5' ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Pontus, Bithynia ; W. Turkestan, Issyk-kul ; W. Siberia, Altai ; Mongolia, Uliassutai, 1 c?, Urga ; Tibet, Amdo ; S.E. Siberia, Dahuria, Ussuri. E.vp. 36 millim. Lnrra. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 77 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 252, pl. 1G4. Pale brownish ochreous ; dorsal line pale, traversing a series of dark V-shaped marks ; two lateral pale brownish lines ; apiracular line whitish; spiracles pink; head p;ile brownish with four dark streaks. Food-plants : seed-capsules of Lychnis and Silene. 7-9. 202 KOCTUID^. 1416. Polia compta. Noctua cornpia, Sohiff. Wien. Verz. p. 70 (1776) ; Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii. p. 169 (1787); Esp. Scbmett. iv. pi. 119. f. 6; Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct, f. 53; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 356, pi. 95. f. 2; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 163. Dianthcecia viscarice, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 26 (1852). JDianthoecia armerice, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 26 (1852) ; Mill. Ann. Soe. Cannes, 1878, p. 9, pi. 3. f. 9. Mamestra huviilis, Christ. Iris, vi. p. 92 (1893). Head and thorax brown mixed with black and white; tegulse Avith black medial line ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen grey- brown with whitish segmental lines. Fore wing fuscous black suffused in parts with purplish ; a whitish patch on base of costa traversed by the double, waved subbasal line from costa to sub- median fold, in which there is often a yellow streak ; antemedial line double, waved, filled in with white towards costa and inner margin ; claviform defined by black ; a white medial band, its outer edge defined by the waved medial line ; orbicular and reniform white defined by black, the former round, the latter with brown centre ; postmedial line double, dentate and produced to white spots on the veins, filled in with white towards costa and inner margin, bent outwards below costa, and strongly incurved below vein 4, some white points bej-ond it on costa; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by a series of small dentate black marks often placed on yellow patches, some black beyond it in discal fold, angled outwards at vein 7, excurvcd and somewhat dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules slightly defined by white : cilia inter- sected with white. Hind wing fuscous brown, rather paler towards base; a small whitish spot on vein 2 near termen ; cilia white at tips ; the underside whitish, the costal area irrorated with fuscous, the terminal area suff"used with fuscous, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. viscaricf. Fore wing with the medial band suflfused with yellow or brown. Ab. 2. Inmiilis. Fore wing dull greyish, the medial white band dirty white, obsolescent and almost reduced to a spot. — Armenia ; Taurus ; W. Turkestan. Ab. 3. armerio'. Fore wing dull grey-black, the lines obsolete, the medial white band broad. — S. Russia. Hah. Britain, Ireland ; Feance, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Hungary, Leech Coll. ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. Sweden ; Rdssia ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Pontus, Taurus, Bithynia Persia ; W. Turkestan, Sarawschan ; W. Siberia, Altai E. Turkestan, Thian Shan Mts. ; S.E. Siisehia, Amurland, 1 $ Japan, Oiwake (Pryer), 2 J , 2 $ , Hakodate, 1 J , Tokio (Maries), 1 d . Exj). 28-3(3 millim. Larva. Kirby, Eur. Butt. & Moths, p. 221. lleddish grey, with a reddish-brown dorsal stripe intersected with white and expanding into segmental spots ; a yellowish -grey lateral stripe. Food-plauts : seed-capsules of Silenc and DiauiJuis. 7-9. POLIA. — rACUETKA. 203 1417. Polia guenei. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 5.) DiantluBcia gueneei. Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 163 (1901). Head and thorax black irrorated with white and slightly with ochreous ; pectus ochrcous, legs ochreous and fuscous, the tarsi banded with black ; abdomen ochreous irrorated Avith fuscous. Fore wing black irrorated with white and some ochreous, especially at base ; the medial area yellowish white except at middle of costa and beyond the reniform ; subbasal line defined by white on outer side, waved from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double filled in with whitish, waved ; claviform absent ; orbicular and reniform moderate, incompletely defined by black, the former round, the latter with irregular outline and ill-defined whitish annulus ; a medial line oblique from costa to median nervure, then dentate ; postmedial line lunulate, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line ill-defined, whitish tinged with ochreous and with traces of dentate black marks before it at middle, excurved at vein 7 and somewhat dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black luuules ; cilia fuscous intersected with ochreous. Hind wing white tinged with ochreous, the veins and terminal area fuscous ; cilia ochreous white mixed with fuscous ; underside white, the costal area irrorated with fuscous, a slight discoidal point, sinuous postmedial line, and diffused subterminal band. Hah. Asia Minor, Pontus, Bithynia, Taurus ; Sxeia, 1 5 , Antioch, Mardin ; Cyprus. Exp. 40 millim. Genus PACHETRA. Type. Pac^e^rff, Guen. Ann. Soc Ent. Fr. 1841, p. 241, non descr. ; id. Noct. i. p. 177 (1852) huco'phma. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, frinn;cd witli hsiir in front; frons smooth ; eyes large, rounded ; antenn;e of male bipoctinate with long branches to near apex ; head and thorax clothed with rough hair and hair-like scales, the pro- and metathorax with spreading crests ; abdomen with dorsal series of crests. Fore wing with veins 3 and .5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from just below middle of discocellulars ; (5, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 1418. Pachetra leucophaea. Noctua leucophaa, Schiff. Wien. Vorz. p. 82 (1760) ; View. Tab. Verz. v. 2, p. 23 (.1790); Iliibn. Samml. Eur. Schmett, Noct. f. 80; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 282, pi. 90. f. 6; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Ilaust. ii. p. 190; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. l.')5. Bomhyx fulminea, Fabr. Sp. Ins. ii. p. 205 (1781). lldmhijx matigialu, Esp. Schmett. iii. pi. 53. ff. 4, 5 (1785). :Socfua ravidii, Esp. Schmett. iv. {d. 145. f. 1 (1789). Hadeva homhijciva, Ev. Bull. Mosc. 1847, ii. p. 78, pi. 6. ff. 1, 2. Mamesira incana. Mill. Cat. rais. Suppl. ii. p. 17 (1875). Pnchetra pyrenaica, Oberth. "ki. Ent. viii. p. .50 (1884) ; id. ix. pi. 3. f. 10. Head and lliorax whitish mixed with red-brown and black ; 204 NOCTUIDiE. tegulae with black medial line ; patagia edged with hlack ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen whitish mixed with brown. Fore wing Avhitish suffused with pale yellowish and dark brown and irrorated with black, the veins streaked with whitish ; subbasal line represented by a striga from costa and double striga from cell ; a slight black streak below base of cell ; antemedial line double, minutely waved, angled outwards above inner margin ; claviform well-developed, defined by and suffused with black, its edges often continued to the basal black streak ; orbicular and reuiform large, with brown centres and white annuli defined by black, the former round ; some black suffusion often present in and below cell ; traces of a diffused medial line ; postmedial line double, bent outwards Fig. 27. — Pacheira leucoj}h(ea, (^ . \. below costa, then oblique and acutely dentate on veins 5 to 2, some white points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line whitish, defined on inner side by a series of dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and indented at veins 4, '3 by dentate whitish streaks defining the veins ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered white and brown. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, the veins and terminal area suffused with brown ; cilia brown at base, white at tips ; the underside whitish, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. hombycina. Fore wing with the markings more prominent. — Urals, Centr. Asia. Ab. 2. 2^iirenaica. Fore wing more or less suffused with fuscous. — Pyrenees, Spain, Asia Minor. ^b. 3. Hind wing white, the veins only tinged with brown. — Syria. Hah. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; Switzerland, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; N. Italy ; S. Sweden ; Finland ; Russia, Livonia, Urals ; Asia Minor, Bithynia, Pontus ; Syria, Leech Coll. ; W. Turkestan, Tarbagatai Mts., Ala Tau ; W. Siberia, Altai ; E. Turkestan, Hi. Eap. 44-52 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 85 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 147, pi. 153. f. 1. Ochreous or brownish ochreous ; dorsal line pale, traversing a series of oblique blackish marks ; subdojsal line indistinct, s])ira- cular line pale, edged with blackish marks above. Food- plants : Grasses. 6-4. ODONTESTKA. 205 Genus ODONTESTRA, uov. Type, 0. vittigera. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi sboi't, oblique, fringed with hair in front ; frons with rounded prominence with small corneous plate below it ; eyes large, rounded ; antennne of male ciliated ; head and thorax clothed chiefly with scales, the pro- and metathorax with spreading crests ; abdomen with dorsal crest on Ist segment only. Fore wing rather short and broad, the ternien evenly curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; b obsolescent from middle of disco- cellulars, B, 7 from upper angle or shortly stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. A. Fore wing without whitish streak below vein 2 vittigcra. B. Fore wing with whitish streak below vein 2. a. Fore wing without M'hitish fascia on inner margin albivitta. b. Fore wing with whitisli fascia on inner margin. a? . Fore wing with the subteruiinal line narrow, whitish. «'-. Hind wing white, the terminal area suflused with fuscous simiUima. /*-. Hind wing uniformly suffused with fuscous potanini. i'. Fore wing with the subterminal line broader, yellowish submargincdls. 1419. Odontestra vittigera. Mamestra vitfigera, Hmpsn. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. ii. p. 266 (1902). c5' . Head and thorax purplish fuscous mixed with grey and red ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen ochreous, the ventral surface dark brown. Fore wing purplish fuscous, the medial area more or less tinged with purplish pink ; subbasal line represented by pink striae from costa and cell, with diffused black on each side of them ; ante- medial line double, filled in by brown, curved; claviform large, Fig. 28. — Odontestra vittigera, (^ . \. filled in with black ; orbicular usually obsolete, sometimes a small round ochreous spot ; reniform large, ochreous white defined by black and with rufous centre, some blackish suftusion before ajid beyond it ; an ochreous-whitc fascia on medial part of inner margin ; postmedial line double, filled in with ochreous, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; suhtcrininal line ochreotxs, defined by dentate black marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; an apical ochreous patch ; a terminal scries of small black lunulos ; cilia intersected 206 XOCTUIDJE. with ochrcous. Hind wing pure white, the costal area tinged with fuscous ; the underside with discoidal point and postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. 5 . Hind wing dark fuscous ; cilia fuscous at base from apex to vein 2. Hah. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Dobbie), 1 $ ; Zulttland, Lower Tugela (Reynolds), 4 c?; Natal, Victoria District (GoocJt), 1 d type, Northdene, 1 $ , Durban (Leigh), 1 5 . Kvp. 30-34 millim. 1420. Odontestra alhivitta, n. sp. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 6.) c? . Head and thorax purplish fuscous, the hairs tipped with grey, the patagia with rufous patches ; tarsi with ochreous rings ; abdomen ochreous, ventrally fuscous. Fore wing purplish fuscous, ■subbasal line represented by black striae on reddish marks from costa and cell ; antemedial line indistinct, slightly deiined by ochreous on inner side, angled outwards in cell, then incurved ; claviform large, filled in with black, a whitish fascia above it, above and below median nervure and vein 2 to near subterminal line ; orbicular a small ochreous-white spot or obsolete ; reniform with rufous centre and ochreous annulus, slightly angled inwards on median nervure, black patches before and beyond it ; postmedial line slightly defined by rufous on outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some ochreous points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of ochreous spots with dentate black marks before them, angled outwards at vein 7, the area beyond it reddish ; cilia pale rufous, with two brown lines through them. Hind wing ochreous white, with diffused fuscous subterminal band; the underside with the costal area irrorated with fuscous, a postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. Hab. Er. E. Africa, Athi-ya-Mawe (Betton), 1 J , Kikuyu (Craivshai/), 1 cJ type. Exp. 32 millim. 1421. Odontestra simillima. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 7.) Keuria simillima. Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 344 ; Hrapsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 201. Head and thorax purplish fuscous mixed with black ; tarsi with pale . rings ; abdomen brownish ochreous, dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing purplish fuscous mixed with some red-brown ; an ochrcous-white fascia on inner margin from near base to tornus, with some red-brown above it on medial area : subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submcdian fold ; antemedial line double, waved, obsolete below vein I ; claviform large, defined by and suffused with black ; vein 2 defined by a dentate white streak to postmedial line ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former somewhat elliptical, the latter angled inwards on median nervure, with whitish annulus and rufous patch on outer side ; postmedial lino double, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, ODONTESTRA. 207 obsolete below vein 1 ; subteriniual line white, slightly waved, angled outwards at vein 7 and inwards in submedian fold, defined on inner side by dentate black marks ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing whitish, the costal and terminal areas tinged with fuscous. Hah. Punjab, Simla {Reed, Swinhoe, Harford), 1 d', 2 ^ type; SiKHiM. Exp. 36 millim. 1422. Odontestra potanini. Mamestra pofnnini, Alph. Iris, viii. p. 192 (1895); id. Eom. Mem. ix. p. 137, pi. ix. f. 10(1897). Head and thorax irroratcd with grey ; tegulae with black medial line ; patagia edged with black above ; tarsi with pale rings : abdomen fuscous brown. Fore wing purple-grey ; the costal area suffused with purplish red except towards base ; the inner margin with ochreous-white fascia from near base to tornus ; subbasal line represented by double striae from costa and a^black patch below the cell crossed by an oblique ochreous striga ; antemedial line double, dentate towards costa, usually filled in with ochreous in submedian interspace, obsolete below vein 1 ; claviform very large, filled in with black ; vein 2 defined by an ochreous-white fascia below or on both sides to just beyond postmedial line; orbicular and reniform with ochreous annuli defined by black, the former very small, round, or oblique elliptical, the latter with ochreous centre and bent inwards on median nervure ; postmedial line double, dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, obsolete below vein 1, some pale points beyond it on costa often present ; subterminal line ochreous white, defined on inner side by prominent dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and inwards in submedian fold, some red-brown suffusion beyond it, the apex usually ochreous ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia grey, with black lines through them. Hind wing fuscous ; the cilia ])ale, with a brown line near base ; the underside pale, the costal and terminal areas thickly irroratcd with fuscous, a discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hah. W. China, Wa-ssu-kow, 2 d" , 1 $ . Chow-pin-sa, 1 6 , Omei-shan, 1 $; Punjab, Simla (Harford), 1 c? , 1 $, Dalhousie, 1 c? , Dharmsiila (Hocking), 1 2 • Exj). 44 millim. 1423. Odontestra submarginalis. Heliophobus submarginalis, Wlk. Cliar. Undcecr. Ilet. p. 32 (1809). Neuria wcisa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 344 ; Ilmpsn. Mollis Ind. ii. p. 201. Xeuria auripicta, Butl. III. Het. B. M. vii. p. 53, pi. 127. f. 3 (1889). Head and thorax grey mixed with brownish ochreous and black ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen grey tinged with fuscous. Fore wing purplish grey irroratcd and suffused with black, some yellow scaling in base of cell and on medial area below the cell ; an 208 NOCTUID^. ochrcoiis-white fascia on inner margin from near base to tomus ; snbbasal line double filled in with white, angled inwards in cell, from costa to vein 1 ; antemcdial line double filled in with whitish, angled outwards below costa and inwards on subcostal nervure and on vein 1 ; claviform large, filled in with black ; vein 2 defined below bj- a \\ bite fascia to just beyond postmedial line ; orbicular and reniform with ochreous-white annuli defined by black, the former small, oblique elliptical, the latter dilated below ; postmedial line double filled in with whitish, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, some whitish points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line ochreous white shading into yellow on outer side, defined on inner side by prominent dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and inwards in submedian fold ; an apical ochreous patch ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia with fine pale line at base. Hind wing suffused with fuscous ; cilia whitish at tips ; the underside pale suffused with fuscous, a discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line, IJah. Punjab, Kulu, 1 S , Dharmsala (HocHng), 9 c? , 5 $ , type and types incisa and auripicta. Exp. 42-46 millim. Genus HADENA. ^ Type. Hadeva, Schrank, Faun. Boiea, ii. (2) p. 158 (1802) reticulata. Nettria, Guen. Noct. i. p. 166 (1852), nee Guen. 1841, non clescr reticulata. Bargida, Wlk. ix. 201 (1856) graminivora. Eupsephopaetes, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Kat. Sci. i. p. 137 (1873) procincta. Proboscis fully cleveloped ; palpi obliquely upturned, the 2nd joint fringed with hair in front, t lie 3rd short ; irons smooth ; eyes large, rounded ; antennae of male ciliated ; thorax quadrately clothed with hair and scales, prothorax typically with divided crest; pectus clothed with long hair; tibise fringed with long hair ; abdomen with dorsal crest on basal segment, clothed with woolly liair at base and with lateral fringes of hair towards extremity. Fore wing rather narrow, the apex produced and the termen obliquely curved, the cilia crenulate ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 Ironi angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base. Sect. I. Thorax with divided ridge-like crest. A. Fore wing with white fascia below median nervure and vein 4. a. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines confluent on vein 1. a^. Hind wing pure white gramiiiea. h^. Hind wing whitish, the terminal area brown procincta. h. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines not con- fluent on vein 1. a\ Fore wing with short white streak above extremity of claviform ; orbicular very oblique, narrow graminivora. b\ Fore wing without short white streak above extremity of clavifcrin ; orbicular oblique, quadrate meridionalis. HADENA. 209 B. Fore wing with the veins narrowly streaked with white. a. Fore wing with the postinedial Une strongly excurved from below eosta to vein 4. then oblique dissecta. b. Fore wing with the postmedial line raoderaiely excurved from below costa to vein 4, then incurved. a^. Fore wing with the veins defined by pale streaks on postmedial area reticulata. i\ Fore wing with the veins not defined by pale streaks on postmedial area texturata. C. Fore wing with the veins not streaked with white, the terminal area whitish uimfera. 1424. Hadena graminea. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 8.) Dargida graminea, Schaus, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 231 (1894). c5' . Head and thorax pinkish white ; palpi rufous ; frons with rufous bar above ; tegulae with three rufous lines ; patagia edged with rufous and black above ; pectus rufous ; abdomen ochreous white, the dorsal crest rufous, the anal tuft ochreous, the ventral surface suffused with rufous. Fore wing yellowish white largely suffused with purplish pink, and with patches of red-brown between the markings except on costal and inner areas; subbasal line re- presented by an oblique striga from costa slightly defined by black, and a very oblique striga from cell to vein 1 strongly defined hy black ; antemedial line indistinct on costal area, angled inwards on medial nervure, then white, very oblique to middle of vein 1 where it meets the postmedial line, a white streak below median nervure and vein 4 from it to subterminal line ; orbicular and reniform very narrow, with rufous centres and white annuli defined by black, the former very oblique, open above and below, the latter inwardly oblique, pointed above and open below ; postmedial line white, bent outwards below costa, oblique to vein 5, then inwardly oblique to join the antemedial line at vein 1, some white points beyond it on costa ; an oblique white band from apes, at vein 5 joining the postmedial line ; a fine sinuous white subterminal line angled out- wards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; termen white, with a fine pink terminal line ; cilia whitish, with a strong brown line through them. Hind wing yellowish white. Hab. Brazil, Castro Parana, 1 S , type t S in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 34 millim. 1425. Hadena procincta. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 9.) Eupsephopactes prorinctus, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. i. p. 13S, pi. iv. f. G (1873) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 170. Head and thorax whitish mixed with pale purplish red-brown ; frons with blackish bars ; tegulae with black and white lines ; patagia whitish edged by black and purplish brown ; tarsi blackish ringed with white ; abdomen brownish ochreous, the anal and lateral tufts with a rufous tinge. Fore wing brown, the marginal areas greyish i)urple, the inner margin fawn ; the veins dark defined by VOL. V. p 210 KocxTJiD.f;. jrrej'-purple ; the median nervure with creamy-white fascia forkinf^ between veins 3, 4 ; the subbasal line represented by a very oblique whitish striga from costa, defined on each side by black and by an inwardly oblique striga from median nervure with some black on each side of it ; the antemedial line double, black filled in with creamy white, angled outwards below costa, then strongly inwards on median nervure and very strongly outwards to postmcdial line on vein 1, its inner side defined below the cell by purjilish grey, at median nervure ang]ed back below the subbasal striga ; claviform defined by black ; orbicular and reniform very narrow and oblique, with pale brown centres defined by dark brown and creamy-white annuli defined by black, the former confluent with the antemedial line above and open above and below; postmedial line creamy white, pai'tially defined on inner side by black, angled inwards below costa, then very oblique to vein 4, where it is joined by a creamy-white fascia with slight dark line on it from apex, then very oblique to vein 1 near middle, then angled outwards to inner margin, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line re- presented by a series of creamy-white lunules with strong dentate black marks before them and some black on their outer edges ; a fine black terminal line ; cilia pale brown, with two black lines through them. Hind wing whitish, the veins brown ; the marginal areas broadly brown ; cilia whitish, with brown line near base ; the underside with black discoidal point. Hah. Canada, Calgary {WoJIeif-Dod), 2 §, Vancouver I., 1 J; U.S.A., Oregon, Portland, Colorado, California (Behr, Walsingliam), 3 d" , 1 $ ; Costa Rica, Irazu {Rogers), 1 S, Candalaria Mts. (^Underwood), 1 $, Godman-Salvin Coll. Exp. 48-54 millira. Larva. Head rounded, pale brown, reticulate with dark brown, vertical lines obsolete. Body thickly shaded in brown, leaving little pale strigae only. Dorsal, subdorsal, lateral, and substigmatal lines broad, straight, pale. Dorsal space dark, the dorsal line reddish strigose, an elongate, black segmentary shade edging sub- dorsal line above. Subdorsal line yellowish white, strigose ; lateral line fainter; substigmatal line broadly red-filled. Spiracles white, in patches of dark shading. Shields concolorous, weakly chitinized, the anal plate pale, but cut by the subdorsal line. Feet pale. — H. G. D. 1426. Hadena graminivora. (Plate LXXXIY. fig. 10.) Barqida qranunivora, Wlk. is. 202 (1856) ; Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i.'p. 270. Head and thorax purplish grey mixed with ochreous and red- brown ; tegulae with blaclf medial line ; patagia edged with black ; abdomen brownish ochreous, the anal tuft and ventral surface rufous. Fore wing black, the marginal areas suffused with purplish grey, the inner margin ochreous brown, the veins black defined by purplish grey, the median nervure streaked with ochreous white forking between veins 4 and 3 : the subbasal line ochreous white. HADKNA.. 211 defined on each side by blaclv, angled at cell and ending at sub- median fold ; the antemedial line double, black filled in with ochreous white, angled outwards below costa, inwards on median nervure, strongly outwazxls just below vein 1 and retracted above inner margin ; claviform defined by black and with an oblique ochreous striga above its extremity ; orbicular and reniform very oblique, narrow, brown with ochreous annuli defined by black, the former open above and confluent with the antemedial line, the latter open above and below ; postmedial line double, black filled in with ochreous, slightly bent outwards below costa, then oblique to vein 4, where it is joined by an oblique ochreous band from apes, then very oblique to inner margin, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of ochreous points on dentate black marks ; cilia brownish with two black lines through them, an ochreous line at base and intersected with ochreous. Hind wing white ; the veins brown ; the costal and inner areas suffused with brown ; the terminal area broadly brown with rather diffused inner edge ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, the former tinged with reddish, a dark discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line. Hab. ^Mexico, Milpas (Forrer), 2 5 , Godman-Salvin Coll. ; Venezuela, 4 d > 3 5 » type. Exj). 46 millim. 1427. Hadena meridionalis, n. sp. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 11.) 5. Head and thorax fuscous mixed with white; tegute with black medial line ; patagia edged with black above ; abdomen brownish grey. Fore wing black-brown, the marginal areas suffused with purplish grey, the inner margin brownish ochreous ; the median nervure streaked with white extending along vein 4 to termen ; subbasal line white defined on each side by black, angled at cell and ending at vein 1 ; the antemedial line double, black filled in with white, angled outwards below costa, inwards on median nervure, then strongly outwards just below vein 1 and retracted above inner margin ; claviform defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and whitish annuli defined by black, the former oblique quadrate, open above and below, the latter oblique elliptical ; the postmedial line double, black filled in with white, slightly bent outwards below costa, oblique to vein 4 where it is joined by an oblique white band from apex, then oblique to inner margin ; subterminal line represented by a series of small ochreous lunules on dentate black marks ; a terminal series of black lunules. Hind wing white ; the veins brown ; the costal and inner areas suffused with brown ; a broad terminal brown band with diffused inner edge ; the underside with black discoidal point. Uab. Bkazil, Tvio Janeiro, 1 $ type, Exp. 42 millim. 212 NocxriD^. 1428, Hadena dissecta. ' HcliopJiohHS dissecfus, Wlk. xxxii. 656 (1865); Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii. p. 22, pi. 146. f. 7 ; Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 200. Mamedra cmcifer, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 109. f. 30 (1874). Head and thorax red-brown irrorated with black ; teo^ulae with black medial line defined by whitish above and with whitish tips ; abdomen fuscous brown, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing golden brown suffused and irrorated with black, the veins streaked with ochreous ; subbasal line black, defined by ochreous on outer side, excurved from costa to base at vein 1, an oblique ochreous striga beyond it across the cell ; antemedial line black on a narrow ochreous band, angled outwards below costa, then incurved to above inner margin, where it is angled ; claviform obscurely defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with ochreous annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, open above, the latter oblique oblong ; postmedial line black on a narrow ochreous band, bent out- wards below costa, then oblique to vein 6, where it is joined by an oblique ochreous band from apex, then very oblique to above inner margin, where it is angled inwards; subterminal lino ochreous, interrupted at the veins, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia with ochreous line at base. Hind wing fuscous brown, the interspaces of basal area whitish, especially in male ; cilia ochreous with a brown line through them ; the underside paler, the costal and ter- minal areas irrorated with brown, the former tinged with rufous, a dark discoidal point and waved postmedial line. Hab. Japan, Nikko (Leech), 1 cj' ; W.China, Chia-kou-ho (Pratt), 1 $ ; SiKHiM (Lidderdale, Mbller), 1 d" , 3 § , type ; Ceylon, 1 c? ; Philipptnes. Exp. 50-52 millim. 1429, Hadena reticulata. Noctua reticulata, Vill. Linn. Ent. ii. p. 254 (1789) ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 159. Nortua calcatrip'pa, View. Schmett. p. 71 (1790). Noctua saponaria, Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 198. ff. 3, 4 (1790) ; Dup. Lep. Fr, vi. p. 272, pi. 90. f. 2 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 188. Noctua marqinosa, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 195 (1803). Noctua typica, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 58 (1827). Mamesfra unicolor, Alph. Rom. Mem. v. p. 147 (1889). Head and thorax reddish brown mixed with grey and black ; tarsi blackish with pale bands ; abdomen ochreous thickly irrorated with dark brown, Fore wing dark brown, suffused with violaceous before the antemedial line, beyond the claviform and on postmedial area ; the veins streaked with white except on postmedial area, where they are black ; the subbasal line represented by double oblique black striae filled in with white from costa and cell, a very oblique white striga across the cell just beyond it ; the antemedial line double, black filled in with white, angled outwards below costa and above inner margin, incurved between those points ; KADENA. 213 claviform large, defined by black and with pale streak at centre ; orbicular and reniform with white annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, open above, the latter narrow and with white lunule at centre; a fine black medial liue obliqne from costa to vein 2, then dentate ; postmedial line double, biack filled in with white, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved and angled inwards above inner margin, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line ochreous white, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4 and 3, with a Fig. 2'd.—Hudena reticulata, c?. \. series of dentate black marks on its inner side ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia with fine pale line at base and inter- sected with white. Hind wing ochreous white suffused with brown, the veins and terminal area brown ; cilia ochreous white with a fine brown line at base ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal lunule and indistinct curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. unicolor. Fore wing without violaceous tiTige. Hah. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Switzerland; Italy, ISorth and Central; Austria; Hungary ; Russia, Livonia, Zeller Coll. ; Armenia ; W. Siberia, Altai, 1 d , 1 $ ; W. Turkestan, Ferghana, Sarawschan, Issyk-kul ; E. Turkestan, Thian Shan ; Mongolia, Uliassutai, Urga ; Kashmir, Nubra {Mc Arthur), 1 2, Goorais Valley {Leech), 1 ^ . Exp. 40- 44 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 81 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 153, pi. lf)3. f. 2. Tale greenish ochreous or pinkish ochreous with darker irroration; dorsal, subdorsal, lateral, and spiracular lines faintly paler ; head pale brownish. Food-plants : SUene, Rumex, Primula, etc. 8-4. 1430. Hadena texturata. Mamestra texturata, Alph. Hor. Soc. Ent. Ro.sa. xxvi. p. 44(i (1892) ; id. Roui. Mem. ix. p. 14, pi. 3. f. 2 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. IS'J. Head and thorax deep red-brown mixed with some grey ; tegulae and patagia edged with grey, dorsal crests tipped with grey ; tarsi black with pale rings ; abdomen brown mixed with greyish. Fore wing deep purplish red-brown slightly suffused with fuscous, tho veins white to just beyond postmedial line ; subbasal line double. 214 NOCTUID^. black filled in with white and ending at vein 1 ; antemedial line double filled in with white, angled outwards below costa and bent inwards to inner margin ; claviform large, defined by black ;' orbicular and renitbrm with brown centres and ])ure white annuli defined by black,^the former irregularly oblique elliptical, the latter constricted at middle and with its lower edge excised ; an indistinct medial line angled on median nervure ; postmedial line double filled in with white, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique and slightly sinuous, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by diffused dentate black marks, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia brown with blackish line at base. Hind wing brown, pale at base ; cilia white at tips ; the underside pale irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Eah. Tibet, Kuku-noor, Amdo, 1 J , 1 $ . Exp. 42 millim. 1431. Hadena uncifera. (Plate LXXXIY. fig. 12.) Prodenia uncifera, Mssn. Stiibel's Reise, p. 140, pi. vi. f. 11 (1890). Head and thorax mixed grey, ochreous, rufous, and black ; tarsi blackish with ochreous rings; abdomen fuscous, sufi'used with purplish red especially towards extremity. Fore wing dark purplish grey largely suffused with fuscous, the terminal area pale reddish-grey, the medial area suffused with red-brown except towards costa and inner margin ; a double, waved, black subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, black filled in with grey, angled outwards below costa, oblique to vein 1, then excurved and retracted to inner margin; claviform broad, black defined by a prominent dentate yellowish-white mark ; orbicular and reniform rufous with yellowish annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, open above, the latter angled inwards on median nervure ; some rufous and grey streaks on the veins beyond lower angle of cell ; postmedial line double, black filled in with grey, bent outwards below costa, excurved and lunulate to vein 4, then oblique, some yellowish points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line formed of yellowish points, defined on inner side )jy dentate black marks and slightly defined on outer side by black before the pale terminal area, somewhat excurved from below costa to below vein 3 and bent outwards to tornus ; a series of blackish points just before termen ; cilia grey with a brown line at base. Hind wing whitish, the veins and marginal areas suffused with brown ; cilia white with a brown line through them ; the underside with the marginal areas irrorated with fuscous and the costal area suffused with brown, a short black streak in cell and black discoidal spot, a sinuous postmedial line. Huh. Colombia, 1 5 , Chiles ; Eccadok, Pichincha, Mojanda. Exp. 40 millim. HADE.VA. 215 Sect. II. Thorax with spreading crest. A. Fore wing with the basal area blackish bidgeri. B. Fore wing with the basal area not blackish ruptillnea. 1432. Hadena bulgeri. Mamcstra bulgeri, Feld. Keis. Nov. pi. 110. f. 18 (1874). Head and thorax purplish fuscous, slightly mixed with brown and grey ; tegul* with slight dark medial line ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen white more or less tinged with brownish ochreous, the anal tuft brown. Fore wing brown and ochieous, the basal and postmedial areas almost entirely suffused with leaden fuscous, the veins of medial area streaked with ochreous ; subbasal line indistinct, waved from costa to submediau fold; autemedial line double, waved ; claviform small, fuscous defined by black ; orbicular and reuiform small, with brown centres and whitish annuli defined by black, the former elliptical, nearly erect, the latter with the discocellulars whitish and more or less angled inwards on median nervure, the cell before and between the stigmata and the area Fig. 30. — Hadenabalyerl, c?. \. beyond the reniform darker ; a waved medial line ; postmedial line double, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein -1, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line whitish, defined on inner side by a series of rather large brown and black dentate marks, angled outwards on vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia with fine ochreous lines at base and middle. Hind wing pure white, with brown terminal line from apex to vein 2, in female the terminal half suffused with fuscous ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal lunulo and postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. Hah. Ek. E. Africa, Athi-ya-Mawe (Bettou), 1 $ , Eb Urru (Betton), 1 c? ; Natal, Estcourt (//utchinson), 3 c?, 2 $ ; Cape Colony, Transkci {Miss F. Barrett), 7 6, 1 $• Fa-p. 32-40 millim. 1433. Hadena ruptillnea. (Plato LXXXIV. fig. 13.) Dianthoscia ruptilinea, Wlk. xi. 507 (1857). Head and thorax grey, reddish brown, and black mixed ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen pale brown. Eore wing pale red- brown irrorated with black ; the veins streaked with white ; the costal and inner areas suffused with white; subbasal line black 216 uocTuiD-aE. from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line black, bent outwards at median nervure, then waved and with a blackish spot before it above vein 1 ; claviform defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with blackish centres and white aunuli, both rather triangular, the latter with dark shade from it to postmedial line, which is defined by pale brown on outer side, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line white, defined by a fuscous patch before it at costa and the area beyond it fuscous, arising from apex and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of black lunules defined by white ; cilia purplish grey, with black line through them and intersected by white. Hind wing white with a slight ochreous tinge ; a terminal series of black striaj, in female the terminal area tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with black, a black discoidal lunule and postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. Hah. Natal, Durban {Gueinzius, Leigh), 2 cJ , 1 $ type. Exj). 36-38 millim. Genus THOLERA. Type. Tholera, Hiibn. Verz. p. 214 (1827) ces2ntis. JS'euronia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 215 (1837), nee Leach, Neiir. 1815 ... popularis. Charaas, Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 108 (1829) cespitis. Epineuronia, Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 155 (1901) fopularis. Proboscis weak, non-functional ; palpi obliquely upturned, the 2nd joint fringed witb long hair, the 3rd moderate, porrect ; frons smooth, not prominent ; eyes not ciliated ; thorax clothed chiefly with scales, the pro- and metathorax with spreading crests ; tibiae fringed with rather long hair ; abdomen clothed with rough hair at base and with dorsal crests on 1st segment. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from just below middle of disco- cellulars; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base. Sect. I. (Neurcmia). Antennae of male bipectinate with long branches to apex. A. Fore wing with the ground-colour brown popularis. B. Fore wing with the ground-colour blue-grey americana, 1434. Tholera popularis. Bomhyx popularis, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 577 (1775) ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 279 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii, p. 189 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 155. Nocfua fframims, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 82 (1776); Hiibn. Samml. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 59. Bomhyx lolii, Esp. Schmett. iii. pi. 48. ff. 1-5 (1785) ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. pl."90. f. 5. Epineuronia hilaris, Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 155 (1901). Head and thorax clothed with red-brown and white scales and hair ; ])atagia with some black scales at edges ; abdomen ochreous white tirieed with red-brown and fuscous. Fore wing brownish grey slightly irrorated with black, the veins streaked with white ; the subbasal line represented by double black striae from costa and cell ; the antemedial line double, excurved below costa and strongly THOLERA. 217 angled outwards above inner margin ; claviform large, defined by black and with white streak in centre ; orbicular and reniform with red-brown centre and ochreous annuli defined by black, the former rather small round, the latter, angled inwards on median nervure and with white discocellular line ; postmedial line double, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, Fig. 31. — Tholcra poptdaris, (^ then incurved ; subterminal line represented by a series of pale lunules with dentate black marks on their inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine waved terminal black line ; cilia ochreous, with brown line through them and brown at tips. Hind wing ochreous white tinged with brown, the terminal area suffused with fuscous ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with fuscous, a black discoidal point and sinuous postmedial line. Ab. 1. hilaris. Paler ; hind wing of male almost entirely white. — S.E, Russia, Armenia, Asia Minor, Ilab. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France, Leech Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls.; IS", and C. Italy; Norway, ZellerColl. ; Russia, Livonia, Zeller Coll., St. Petersburg, Zeller Coll., Sarepta, Zeller Coll. ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Pontus ; Siberia. Ea;p. 38-50 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 76; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 135, pi. 152. f. 1. Bronze-brown ; dorsal, subdorsal, lateral, and subspiracular lines ■pale ochreous edged with blackish ; head brownish marked with black. Food-plant : Grasses. 4-6. 1435. Tholera americana. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 14.) Neuronia americana. Smith, Trans. Am. Eut. Soc. xxi. p. 59, pi. iii. f. 3 (1894). S . Head and thorax white mixed with ochreous brown ; tegula? pale at base and tips ; patagia witli blackish line near upjjcr edge ; tarsi with white rings ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing ochreous suffused with grey and irrorated Avith black ; the veins prominently streaked with white except on terminal area, where they are blackish defined by white ; subbasal line indistinct, represented by double, oblique dark striae from costa and median ncrvuro filled in with whitish ; antomedial line indistinct, e.\curved in interspaces and angled inwards in cell ; claviform elongate, 218 NOCXUIDj;. (letinccl by blackish ; orbicular and reniform large, rather indistinctly defined by blackish, the former round "wil h darkish centre : post- medial line very indistinct, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line white, with series of dentate fuscous marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a dark terminal line ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area suffused with fuscous ; cilia pure white ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a brown discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hah. Canada, Alberta, Calgary {Wolley-Dod), 1 S ; U.S.A. Montana, Boulder, "Wyoming, Yellowstone Park. Exp. 34 millim. Sect. II. {'Tholera). Antennae of male with very short branches, the apex serrate. 1436. Tholera cespitis. Nochia cespitis, ^chi&. Wien. Verz. p. 82 (1776); Hiibn. Samml. Eur. Schniett., Noct. f. 428 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 26, pi. 102. f. 1 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 109 ; Schultz, Berl. ent. Zeit. 1901, p. 15 (ab. 2) ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 155. I^'odua hordei, Sehrank, Faun. Boica, ii. 1, p. 351 (1802). Acjrotis autumnalis, Curt. Brit. Ent. p. I(i5 (1825;. Charaas conjinis, Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 109 (1827). Apamea chloris, Mill. Ann. See. Linn. Lyon, 1883, p. 172, pi. 4. ff. 1, 2. ^euronia ferruginea, Kofni. Soe. Ent. ii. p. 121 (1887). Neuronia decolor, Sobn, Soc. Ent. xi. p. 115 (1896). Head and thorax black-brown with some red-brown scales ; abdomen brown with a greyish tinge. Fore wing reddish brown y Fig. 32. — Tholera cespitis, ^J. \. suffused with black and irrorated with a few ochreous scales ; subbasal line waved, black, defined by pale rufous on outer side, from costa to submcdian fold ; antemedial line black, defined by palo rufous on inner side, slightly angled outwards below costa and cell and above inner margin ; claviform rather small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and ochreous annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter slightly angled inwards on median ncrvure ; postmedial line black, defiued by pale rufous on outer side, dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, theu incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; faubtcrminal line ochreous TllOLERA. — ODONTELIA. 219 white, waved, and dentate at veins 7, 4, 3, defined on inner side by a series of dentate black marks ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia with ochreous line at base. Hind wing ochreous white, the terminal area suffused with brown, more strongly in female ; the underside with the costa irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal point and sinuous postmedial line, Ab. 1. ferrwjinea. Much paler. — Tyrol, Carinthia. Ab. 2. Right hind wing with the colour and markings of fore wing except on costal area. Hah. Britain, Leech Coll. ; P'rance ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; SwiTZEEi-AND, Frcy Coll. ; N. and C. Italy ; Austria, Hungary, Leech Coll., Dalmatia ; Scandinavia ; Russia, Livonia, Zeller Coll. ; W. Siberia, Altai. Exp. 38-40 milim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 81; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 139, pi. 152. _f. 2. Bronzy olive-brown ; dorsal, subdorsal, and spiracular lines whitish with dark edges ; lateral line hardly paler, with dark edges ; head brownish. Food-plant : Grasses. 4-0. Genus ODONTELIA, nov. Type, 0. margiana. Proboscis absent in male, rather slender in female ; palpi oblique, fringed with long hair in front ; frons with rounded prominence, with corneous plate below it ; eyes large, rounded ; anteunai of male bipectinate, with rather long stiff branches to apex ; head and thorax clothed with scales and hair and without distinct crests ; abdomen with dorsal crest at base and lateral fringes of hair. Fore wing rather long and narrow ; veins o and 5 from the angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 shortly stalked ; 8 anastomosing with cell near base only. 1437. Odontelia margiana. Thargdia margiana, Piing. Iris, xiv. p. 182, pi. ii. f. 1-4 (1904). 6 . Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-white mixed with fuscous. Fore wing grey-white, slightly tinged with ochreous in places and Fig. 33. — Odontelia margiana, ,^. }. Ihickly irrorated with black ; subbasal line represented by very ill- defined double stria; from costa and cell ; hardly a trace of the antcmedial line; claviform elongate, defined bv black; orbicular 220 NOCTUID.I:. and reniform "whitish defined by black, the former very narrow and elongate, the latter with some fuscous in upper part, angled inwards on median nervure and its lower extremity produced ; postmedial line represented by a striga irom costa ; traces of a dentate subterminal line, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; the veins of terminal area with dark streaks ; cilia chequered brown and white. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal half streaked with fuscous ; cilia white ; the underside white irrorated with fuscous, a slight discoidal lunule and postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. 5 . Fore wing more ochreous, more or less developed black streaks before and beyond the claviform; the antemedial line sometimes more developed on inner area and strongly angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular confluent or nearly confluent with reniform, which is bidentate at lower extremity ; subterminal line more distinct, dentate, with some black streaks beyond it in the interspaces. Hah. W. TxjEKESTAN, Merv, type t in Coll. Pungiiler, Tedschen oasis (Haiiser), 2 $ . E.V2^. 48 millim. Genus THARGELIA. ^ Thargelia, Piing. Iris, xii. p. 104 (1899) distincta. Proboscis aborted, small ; palpi obliquely porrect, fringed with hair below ; frons with rounded prominence ; with triangular corneous plate below it ; eyes large, rounded ; antenna; of male minutely serrate and fasciculate ; thorax clothed chiefly with scales ; the pro- and nieiathorax with spreading crests ; fore tibia? with small claw at extremity ; abdomen with dorsal crest at base only. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; o obsolescent from below angle of discqcellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. A. Fore wing with the stigmata large and prominently defined ... distincta. B. Fore wing with the stigmata small and rather indistinctly defined fissilis. 1438. Thargelia distincta. Scofochrosta distincta, Christ. Eom. Mem. i. p. 124, pi. 8. f. 3 (1884) ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 161. (5 . Head and thorax grey-white mixed with brown and black ; palpi blackish at sides except at base ; tegulae with black medial line ; abdomen brownish grey, the dorsal crest and anal tuft with some black. Fore wing grey-white irrorated with brown ; subbasal line represented by double oblique black strite from costa ; an irregular black streak below base of cell to the claviform which is elongate and defined by black; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former elongate elliptical, the latter open above, its lower part produced to two points on outer side and one on inner ; THARGELIA. HTPOBARATHRA. 221 postmcdial line very hij^hly and irregularly dentate, interrupted by the reuiform ; subterminal line represented by a series of dentate black and white marks angled outwards at veins 7, 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunulcs ; cilia chequered brown and white. Hind wing white, the veins brownish, the terminal area Fig. 34. — ThargeHa distincta, (^ . \. irrorated with brown, a brown terminal line ; the underside white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. Hab. W. Turkestan, Turcomania; E. Turkestan, Kungess, 1 (S . Ex_p. 46 millim. 1439. ThargeHa fissilis. Scofochrosta fissilis, Christ. Rom. Mem. i. p. 125 (18S4); Mem. ix. p. 217, pi. 8. f. 9 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 1(51. Alph. Rom. c? . Head and thorax grey mixed with fuscous ; tarsi with dark rings. Fore wing grey thickly irrorated with fuscous ; subbasal line absent ; anteraedial line only traceable near inner margin ; chiviform small defined by black, on inner side produced as a narrow streak to vein 1 near base ; orbicular and reniform small, indistinctly defined by black, the former elongate elliptical, the latter with its lower part produced to points on veins 4, 3 ; postmedial line represented by double striae on costa, then by short streaks on the veins and a striga on inner margin, ex- curved from costa to vein 4, then oblique ; tlie veins of terminal area streaked with black, the postmedial line being represented by indistinct dentate whitish marks defining the veins. Hind wing white ; a discoidal spot and terminal series of stria3 ; the underside with postmedial series of short dark streaks on the veins. Hah. W. Turkestan, Transcaspia, 5 J , Turcomania ; E. Turk- estan, Kungess, 1 S • Exp. 38 millim. Genus HYPOBARATHRA, nov. Type, H. icterias. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned, fringed with hair in front ; frons sii\ooth ; eyes large, rounded ; antennjc of male ciliated ; iiead and thorax clothed with hair and scales, the pro- and inetatliorax with spreading crests ; fore tibite with long curved claw on inner side ; abdomen with dorsal crest at base only. Fore wing with veins 3 and ."> from near angle 009 xocxriDJ:. of cell ; fi rom upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form tbe areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wiiig with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 6 obsolescent from just below angle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle or shortly stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. A. Fore wing with the ground-colour yellow icterias. B. Fore wing with the ground-colour ochreous or rufous repetita. 1440. Hypobarathra icterias. Xylina icterias, Ev. Bull. Mosc. 1843, iii. p. 548; Herr.-SchiiflT. Fur. Schmett.,.Noct. f. 626; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 174. S . Head ami thorax fulvous with a few dark scales ; legs tinged with fuscous ; abdomen fulvous yellow irrorated with dark scales below. Fore wing yellow, suffused with fulvous and irrorated with a few dark scales ; the costal edge dark ; subbasal line very indistinct: antemedial line oblique, waved; claviform defined by fulvous and black ; orbicular and reniform defined by fuscous, the former yellow, the latter white with fuscous centre ; a fuscous medial line angled at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line Fig. 35. — Bypoharathm irferias, <^ . -}. obsolescent, represented bv short dark streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costn, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; some yellow points on costa towards apex ; subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being suffused with fuscous, angled outwards at vein 7 and excnrved at middle ; a terminal series of small blackish lunules ; cilia with black points at tips. Hind wing yellow, the veins bej^ond middle with some dark scales : the terminal area below apex slightly darker ; the underside with slight discoidal point and curved postmedial line. 5 . Fore wing paler, with the markings less distinct. Hah. Russia, Urals ; Amdrland, 1 J , 1 $ , Ussuri. Exp. 38-42 millim. 1441. Hypoharathra repetita. Xylofladarcpetifcu Butl. 111. Het. B. M. vii. p. 52, pi. 127. ff. 1,2 (1899) ; Hinpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 202. Head and thorax rufous tinged with fuscous ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen rufous with a yellowish tinge. Fore wing greyish, more or less completeh' suffused with rufous and irrorated and HYPOB.VRAXnR.V. OXTCHESTRA. 223 striated with brown, the veins slightly streaked with blackish ; subbasal line indistinct, slightly defined by greyish, waved, from, costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line very indistinct, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein i : claviform very indistinctly defined ; orbicular and reniform with fuscous centres and grey annuli defined by rufous, the former rounded ; postraedial line dentate and produced to short streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa and strongly incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line pale, defined on inner side by somewhat dentate rufous marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and somewhat dentate at veins 4, 3, the area beyond it suffused wdth rather darker rufous except at apex ; a terminal series of slight points. Hind wing fuscous with a rufous tinge, the basal area slightly paler ; the underside whitish irrorated with rufous and brown, a dark discoidal lunule and indistinct post- medial line with short dark streaks at the veins. Ab. 1. Brighter and more uniform ferruginous, Yatung. Hah. Punjab. Dharmsjila (Hocliiu/), 2 c? , 3 5 , type; SIKHr^t Tibet, Chumbi Valley, Yatung (IJohson), 2 $ . Ejjj). 42-50 millim. Genus ONYCHESTRA., nov. Type, O. sicca7ioru?n. Proboscis fully developed; palpi obliquely porrect, the 1st and 2nd joints fringed with hair below ; t'l-ons with rounded prominence, with curved corneous process below it from middle of frons, a corneous plate below the frons laterally produced into wings ; eyes large, rounded ; antennte of male minutely serrate and fasciculate; head and thorax clothed with rough liair and scales and with ill-defined crests on pro- and njetathorax ; fore legs with the tarsal joints very short and broad, the spines on the first three joints developed into short thick claws, the ungues very large ; abdomen with dorsal crest on basal segment and Literal fringes of hair. Fore wing rather narrow ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; C> from upper angle ; 0 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from just below middle of discocellulars ; (5, 7 shortly stalked ; 9 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 1442. Onychestra siccanorum. Mameatra siccanorum, Staud. Berl. ent. Zeit. 1870, p. 114: Mill. Icones, pi. 1.52. f. 8 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. KJO. S . Head and thorax ochreous brown mixed with white ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing white, largely suffused and irrorated with ochreous brown ; an indistinct whitish subbasal line from co.sta to submedian fold with some fuscous on each side of it ; antemedial line rather indistinct, double, filled in with whitish, slightly angled outwards below costa, oblique to vein 1 where it is angled inwards, then outwards above inner margin ; claviform minute or short and broad, defined by black, a whitish patch beyond it ; orbicular and reniform wit h small brown centres and broad white annuli slightly defiiunl by black, the former rather quadrate or oblique elliptical, the latter slightly angled inwards on 224 NOCTUID^. median nervure ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line double filled in with white, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; veins 3, 4, 6, 7 with Fig. 36. — Onychestra siccanorum, (^ . dark streaks usually defined by white but not indenting the white subterminal line, which is angled outwards at vein 7 and incurved at submedian fold, with a series of small dentate dark marks before it at middle ; a terminal series of small dark lunules ; cilia chequered brown and white. Hind wing white with an ochreous tinge, the veins towards termen with slight dark streaks, a fine terminal line ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hub. S. Russia, Sarepta {Christoph), 3 c? ; W. Turkestan, Issyk-kul, 2 d • Exp. 30 millim. Genus PRONOTESTEA, nov. Type, P. dlenides. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, fringed with hair ; frons with truncate conical promiueuce with vertical ridge at middle and corneous plate below it, produced to a point in front ; eyes large, rounded ; antennse of male serrate and fasciculated ; thorax clothed with scales, the pro- and metathorax with spreading crests ; fore tarsi with the joints shortened and with curved claw- like spines on outer side ; abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st segment. Fore wing with veins ?> and 5 from near angle of cell ; (i from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from just below angle of disco- cellulars ; G, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 1443. Pronotestra silenides. Mamestra silenides, Staud. Iris, vii. p. 273, pi. ix. f. 14 (1894) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 160. S . Head ochreous, the frons with blackish bar above ; thorax grey-white mixed with rufous, the patagia with some black scales above ; tarsi black with ochreous rings ; abdomen grey mixed with brown, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing red-brown, the area before the antemedial line, the inner medial area, and the terminal area suffused with blue- white ; a slight blackish streak in base of submedian fold ; snbbasal line double, waved, from costa to sub- median fold ; antemedial line double, slightly angled inwards below costa and strongly on vein 1 ; claviform defined by black, pointed PRONOXESTEA. — AGLOSSESTRA. S^T) at extremity and reaching posfcmedial lino ; orbicular and reniform large, blue-white defined by black, the former round ; a medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, then incurved and ■waved; postraedial line double, dentate, bent outwards below costa and strongly incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line indistinct, white, defined on inner side by a brown patch at costa and dentate black marks between veins 5 and 2, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a waved black terminal line with short Fig. 37. — Vronotc^fra silevide'i, J. \. black streaks before it at middle and longer streak above vein 3 ; cilia with a waved black line through them. Hind wing grey, uniformly suffused with fuscous ; the cilia pale, with a dark line through them ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a discoidal s|)ot and curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. Paler ; fore wing less suffused with red-brown. Hah. Spain, Andalusia ; Algiers, 1 S ; Tunis, 1 5 ; Syria, Jerusalem, in Coll. Piiugeler. llvj). 34 millim. Genus AGLOSSESTRA, nov. T_v]ie, A. demrficola. Proboscis aborted, small; pnlpi obliquely porrect and frincred with hair; frons with truncate conical prominence with corneous plate below it; eyes larjre, rounded ; antenntc of male bipectinate, with moderate branches; head and tiiorax clothed with scales atul hair, the crests slight; fore tnrsi with the joints sliort, with hiteral series of curved claws longer at extremity of joints; abdomen with dorsal crest at base. Fore wing with veins .3 and .5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hind wing with vein.s 3, 4 from angle of cell; .'") obsolescent from below angle of discocellulars ; fi, 7 from upper angle; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 1444. Aglossestra deserticola, n. sp. S. Head and thorax red-brown mixed with white; tarsi with dark bands ; abdomen white slightly irrorated with red-brown. Fore wing white, mostly suffused and irrorated with red-brown ; subbasal line defined by white on outer side, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemcdial lino oblique, waved, defined by white on inner side; claviform slightly defined by red-brown ; orbicular and reniform white defined by red-brown, the former small, round, vol.. V. u 226 NOCTUID^. the latter rather quadrate and with dark patch on its lower part ; postmedial line dehned by white on outer side, dentate and pro- duced to white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line white, diffused, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle and dentate on veins 4, 3, angled inwards and forming a white patch in submedian 0/ Fig. 38. — Aglossestra deserticola, S ■ \- fold ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia rufous intersected with white. Hind wing white, the terminal area tinged with rufous ; the underside with discoidal point and sinuous postmedial line showing through to upperside. Hah. Egypt, Suez {J. J. Wallcer), 1 d" type. Exj). 3G millim. Genus EPIA. Type. Epia, Iliibn. Verz. p. 214 (1827) irregularis. Proboscis fully developed; palpi short, upturned, the 2nd joint fringed with hair in front ; frons with truncate conical prominence on lower part with corneous plate below it ; eyes large, rounded ; antenna; of male ciliated ; liead and thorax clothed chiefly with scales, the pro- and metathorax with spreading crests; fore tibia with long curved claw-like spines on outer side of proximal joints ; abdomen with dorsal crest on basal segment. Fore wing rather short and broad, the ajjex rounded ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. A. Fore wing with the postmedial line bent outwards below costa to near subterminal line, then obliquely curved picturata. B. Fore wing with the postmedial line not bent outwards below costa to near postmedial line. a. Fore wing with the postmedial line strongly incurved below vein 2. o}. Fore wing largely suffused with rufous irregularis. b^. Fore wing with hardly any rufous tinge. «-. Fore wing with the basal area whitish aberrajis. IP-. Fore wing with the basal area not whitish. a?. Fore wing with black streaks on terminal area below veins 5, 4, 3. a*. Fore wing with the sublerminal line dentate on veins 4. 3, and forming a distinct ^-mark, and with prominent dentate black marks before it . capsidaris. b*. Fore wing with the subterminal line slightly angled at veins 4, 3, and with slight dentate black marks before it minorata. EPiA. 227 P. Fore wing without black streaks on terminal area below veins 5, 4, 3. a*. Fore wing witii slight black streak below base of cell, the antemedial line evenly curved from costa to vein 1 eclrapela. b*. Fore wing without black streak below base of cell, the antemedial line waved. a^. Fore wing suffused witli brown, the sub- terminal line dentate at veins 4,3 n/'g/is. b'. Fore wing whitish suffused with fuscous, the subterniinal line not dentate at veins 4, 3 ... circunivadls. b. Fore wing with the postmedial line nearly straight below vein 2. «'. Fore wing with the ground-colour reddisli brown. a^. Fore wing with the orbicular round, the reniform small, lunulate mendax. b"^. Fore wing with the orbicular elongate, the reniform large, constricted at middle rcnati. i'. Fore wing whitish tinged with reddish brown slloies. c^. Fore wing whitish tinged with grey-brown christo2)hi. *1445. Epia picturata. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 15.) Dianthoecia picturata, Alpli. Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. xvii. p. 73, pi. 3. f. 53 (1882) ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 161. S . Head and thorax grey mixed witli dark brown ; tegulse with black line near upper edge ; patagia with black line near edges ; tarsi banded with black. Fore wing grey with a violaceous tinge and largely suffused with brown except on marginal areas ; subbasal line represented by a black streak excurved from costa to base and a similar one from median nervure to base defined by white below, and with a black streak below it curved outwards to antemedial line, which is defined by white on inner side, angled outwards below costa, then strongly inwards in cell, then outwards to submedian fold, then recurved to vein 1 near base ; claviform moderate, defined by black, a somewhat bidentate white patch beyond it on base of vein 2 ; orbicular and reniform with brownish centres and whitish annuli defined by black, the former very oblique elliptical, open above and below, the latter much curved ; postmedial line double, bent outwards below costa to close to subterminal lino, then obliquely curved, the inner line minutely waved, the outer sinuous, some white points beyond it on costa; subterminal line whitish, defined by brown on inner side and slightly on outer except towards costa, obliquely curved ; a fine black terminal line ; cilia brown, with whitish lines through them. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown and the terminal area suffused with fuscous ; a curved postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side ; a dark terminal lino ; cilia whitish, with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a curved postmedial line and diffused subterminal band. Hah. W.Turkestan, Sarawschan, Issyk-kul in Coll. riingelcr ; E. Tdhkestan, Hi. Exp. 84 millim. ft2 228 NOCTUIBiK. 144G. Epia irregularis. jS'cctua irregularis, Hiifn. Berl. Mag. iii. p. 394 (1767) ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 104. Nocti/a echii, Bork. Eur. St-limett. iv. p. 166 (1792) ; Hiibn. Sauiml. Eur. Schraett., Kot-t. f. 90 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. m\. p. 308, pi. 92. f. 2. Koctua hreccio'formis, Esp. Sc'hmett. iv. pi. 198. f. 5 (1790). Noctiia syngcncsia, Scriba, Beltr. iii. pi. 13. f. 5 (1793). Head and thorax white and bright rufous mixed : teguloe with rufous medial line ; patagia with dark line near upper edge ; tarsi with white rings ; abdomen white tinged with rufous. Fore wing ochreous white mostly suffused with rufous, the veins slightly streaked with white ; a double, waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; the antemedial line double, waved, oblique, the outer line more prominent ; claviform defined by rufous; orbicular and reniform white, defined by rufous and with slight brownish centres, the former round or somewhat elliptical ; a waved medial line; postmedial line double, the inner line more prominent, Fig. 39. —Epia irregularis, ^j" . somewhat dentate, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, irregular, defined by slight dentate dark marks before it at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; cilia chequered rufous and white. Hind wing whitish suffused with fuscous brown, the terminal area darker ; cilia white ; the underside white mostly suffused with pale brown, a discoidal lunule and curved postmedial and sub- terminal bands. Hah. BuiTAiN, Leech Coll.; France; Germanv, Zeller Coll.; Switzerland, Frey Coll.; Austria; Hungary, D'Eramick Coll.; Italy; Dalmatia; S.Russia; Asia Minor, Pontus ; W. Turkestan, Issyk-kul ; E. Turkestan, Hi. Eccp. 34-36 millira. Larva. Mpyr. Brit. Lep. p. 78; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 226, pi. Ifil. f. 3. Pale brownish, with darker brown dorsal and lateral stripes, the former composed of V-shaped marks most prominent on abdominal somites ; subdorsal line indistinct, whitish, narrowly edged with brown. Food-plauts : Silene otites an^ GypsopTiila ixiniculata. 8, 1447. Epia aberrans. Dianthoacia aherrans, Ev. Bull. Mosc. 185G, iii. p. 104 ; Stand. Oat. Lep. pal. p. 164. Bianthuecia admiranda, Oberth. Et. Ent. v. p. 77, pi. 7- f. H (1880). Epia claripcniiis, Butl. Trans. Eut. Soc. 1886, p. 134. Head and thorax white, tinged with reddish brown on palpi, frons, and teguUe ; pectus and legs tinged with fuscous, the tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen white tinged A^ith brown. Fore wing white, the area from just before the antemedial line to just beyond the postmedial tinged with red-brown and more or loss suffused with black ; subbasal line represented by black striae from costa and cell ; antemedial line double, waved, oblique ; claviform defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with brownish centres and white annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, the latter with its lower part suffused with black ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmedial line double, the outer indistinct, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white defined by pale reddish brown on each side and with two or three small deutate black marks on inner side at middle, slightly excurved below costa and at middle ; a terminal series of slight lunules. Hind wing white, more or less tinged with fuscous brown, especially on terminal area ; the underside white slightly irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Ifah. E. Siberia, Ussuri, Amurlaud, 1 cj" ; Japan (Pnjer), 1 5 > Kikko {Prijer), 1 c? type clarijiennis. Exp. 34 millim. 1448. Epia capsularis. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. IG.) Dianthoecia capsuhvis, Grueii. Koct. ii, p. 22, pi. 8. f. 3 (1852) ; Siiiitli, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 1 17. Eajjhia fropul&a, Wlk. xi. .529 (1857). Head and thorax dark brown mixed with grey ; frons above and vertex of head with black bars ; tegula) with black medial line ; patagia edged by black and white scales above ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen ])ale ochreoua, more or less tinged with brown. Fore wing lilacine grey suffused and irrorated with pale bi'own ; a double, waved, black subbasal line bent inwards to base ■above vein 1; a double sinuous antemedial line; claviform small or moderate, acute at extremity, defined by black and often filled with black ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by black, the former round, with white annulus incompletely defined above and below, the latter with its centre defin(!d by brown and some white on inner side of annulus ; an indistinct irregular medial line in- curved below cell ; postmedial line double, the inner sti-ong, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, incurved and waved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; post- medial area suffused with white, bent outwards below costa to apex ; subterminal line whitish, angled outwards at vein 7, dentate 230 NooimD^. to termen at veins 4, 3, and bent outwards to tornus, -with black streaks from before it to termen in interspaces between veins 2 and 5 ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing whitish suflPused with brown ; a dark terminal line ; cilia white at tips ; the under- side white irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Canada ; U.S.A., E. States, Massachusetts, New Jerse)-, Wisconsin, Racine {Mesle), 1 c? , Virginia, Florida, St. John's Bluff {Douhleday), 2 J , 1 $ , type and type projjulsa, New Mexico. Exp. 34 millim. *1449. Epia minorata. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 17.) Mamestra minorata. Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 467 (1887) ; id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 122. 5 . Head and thorax mixed with red and dark brown scales ; frons with blackish bar ; tegulte with slight dark line ; patagia with blackish line near upper edge ; abdomen ochreous whitish irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing whitish suffused with pale and dark brown ; subbasal line double filled in with whitish, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, oblique, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform represented by an ill-defined blackish patch with pale patch beyond it ; orbicular and reniform moderate, brown with strong white annuli slightly defined by brown ; postmedial line double, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, incurved below vein 4 and dentate on vein 1, some white points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line white, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly dentate on veins 4, 3, with slight dentate black marks before it at middle, and black streaks from it to termen above veins 3, 4, 5 ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia pale with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, California, in U.S. Nat. Mus. Exp. 32 miUim. *1450. Epia ectrapela. (Plate LXXXIY. tig. 18.) Mamestra ectrapela, Smith, Ent. News Philad. ii. p. 249 (1898) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 156. S . Head and thorax ochreous white mixed with brown ; tegulaa and patagia whitish, the former with diffused blackish medial line, the latter edged with blackish ; tarsi blackish ringed with white ; abdomen reddish ochreous. Fore wing whitish thickly irrorated and suffused with brown ; a slight black streak below base of cell intersected by the subbasal line, which is defined by whitish on outer side ; antemedial line strong, black defined by pale colour on inner side, evenly curved from costa to vein 1 where it is angled inwards on vein 1, then outwards above inner margin; claviform EPIA. 231 elongate, defined and almost filled in with black, a whitish patch above it on base of vein 2 ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by black, the former whitish with small brown centre, rounded, the latter with brown centre and slight white annulus ; postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by slight dentate black marks at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and strongly dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia brown intersected with white. Hind wing whitish Bufi^used with brown ; the terminal area brown ; cilia white with a brown line through them ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule, the terminal area suff'used with brown. Hah. Canada, Br. Columbia, Agnes Lake, in U.S. Nat. Mus. ; U.S.A., Colorado, Gasfield Co. E.vp. 34 millim. 1451. Epia nisus. Noctiia nisus, Germ. Faun. Ins. Eur. xxii. pi. 18 (1812); SUuid. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 163. Dlanthixcia sancta, Staud. Stett. ent. Zeit. 18.39, p. 213. Head and thorax grey mixed with dark brown and red-brown ; tibife and tarsi blackish ringed with white ; abdomen ochreous white mixed with brown. Tore wing grey, mostly suff'used and irrorated with reddish brown ; the subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, waved ; claviform well-developed, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform whitish, the former oblique elliptical, open above ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmedial line double, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa and strongly incurved below vein 4 ; some white points on co.sta towards apex ; subterminal line defined by brown on inner side and by some dentate black marks at middle, the line dentate, angled outwards at veins 7, 4, 3; the apex suffused with white ; a terminal scries of minute dentate black marks. Hind wing brown, the interspaces whitish towards base ; cilia white with a brown line through them ; the underside white thickly irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. sancta. Darker, the fore wing greyer, orbicular and reni- form with brown centres and white annuli defined by black, the former round. JJab. Spain, Andalusia, 1 S , Castillo ; Sicily. Exp. 38 millim. * 1452. Epia circumvadis. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 19.) Mamestra circumvadis, Smith, Journ. N.Y. Ent. Soc. x. p. 42 (1902) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 156. S . Head and thorax white slightly mixed with brown ; frons with black bar ; tegular with ill-defined black line ; two black spots behind tcgute ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; abdomen pale reddish brown dorsally tinged with fuscous, the crest 232 NOCTUID^, .at base white. Fore wing white, suffused iu parts with fuscous brown ; three obliquely placed black spots at base and an oblique streak above base of inner margin ; antemcdial line double, ihe inner line less distinct, oblique, waved ; elaviform large, filled in with blackish and indistinctly defined by black, a dentate white mark beyond it on base of vein 2 ; orbicular aud reniform white defined by black and with slight fuscous centres, the former round ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmedial line double, the outer indistinct, dentate, bent oiitwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, more strongly below vein 2, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line diffused, white, defined on inner side by slight dentate black marks below costa and at middle and with a slight black mark beyond it in discal fold, excurved at vein 7 and middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered brown aud white. Hind wing pale sutfu.sed with iuscous brown especially on terminal area ; cilia white and fuscous ; the underside whitish, the costal and terminal areas irroratcd with fuscous, a black streak in ceD, discoidal lunula and curved post- medial line. Bab. Canada, Alberta, Calgary, iu Coll. AVoUey-Dod. Fa^j. 3G millim. 1453. Epia mendax. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 20.) Hadena inenclax. Stand. Hor. >Soc. Ent. E,os3. xiv. p. 383 (1878) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 16U. Head and thorax red-brown mixed with whitish ; tegulae with black medial line and black tips, patagia edged with black; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen whitish suffused with pale reddish brown. Fore wing rufous slightly suft'used and irroraTed with black ; a double, waved subbasal line ending on the black streak in base of sub- median fold ; antemedial line double, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 and outwards above inner margin ; elaviform rather small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform small, with prominent white annuli defined by black, the former round ; an indistinct irregular medial line ; postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, then oblique, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by somewhat dentate white marks defined on inner side by small dentate black marks, stronger at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia brown intersected with ochreous. Hind wing pale sufluscd with brown, especially in female ; the veins and terminal area brown ; cilia ochreous at base, with brown medial line and white tips ; the underside whitish, the costal area irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal lunule, sinuous postmedial line, and diffused subterminal band. Hah. Asia Min"ok, Pontus, 1 c? , 1 $ , Bithynia, Taurus. Exp. 34 millim. EPiA. 233 *1454. Epia renati. Matncstra renati Oberth. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1890, p. 187. Mamcstra mcigdalene, Obertli. Et. Eut. xx. p. 68, pi. 9. f. 157 (1890); Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 158. 2 . Head and thorax clothed "with red-brown, grey, and fuscous scales ; frons with bhick bar; tegulsc with black medial line, patagia with black line near upper edge ; teguloe and tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen pale brown. Fore wing red-brown with a greyish tinge and slight fuscous suffusion in ])arts ; subbasal line defined b}' white on outer side, angled outwards on subcostal and median nervures and ending at submedian fold ; antemedial line double at costa, then single and defined by white on inner side, acutely angled inwards on the veins and outwards in submedian fold and above inner margin ; claviform minute, indistinctly defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and white annuli defined by black, the former small, elongate elliptical, the latter large, constricted at middle and prominently marked with white at lower extremity ; postmedial line defined by white on outer side, dentate and produced to points on the veins, strongly bent outwards below costa, then oblique, some white points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line represented by a series of small white lunules with dentate black marks before them, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and somewhat dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia intersected with white and with black line through them. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, the veins and terminal area suffused with brown, a terminal series of blackish striae : cilia whitish ; the underside white, the veins streaked with brown, the costal and terminal areas irroratcd with brown, a dis- coidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Fkance, Pyrenees, Veruet type t $ in Coll. Oberth iir. Exp. 40 millim. 1455. Epia silenes. Noctua silenes, Iliibn. Eta-. Schmott., Noct. f. 653 (1827) ; Dup. Lep. Fr., Suppl. iv. p. 219, pi. m. f. 2 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 164. Dianthcecia sejuncfa, Hcrr.-Schaff. Sclimett. Eur. ii. p. 249, f. 391 (1843). Head and thorax clothed with white and roddish-brown hair ; tegulffi with dark medial line ; patagia with dark edges ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen ochreous white mixed with brown. Fore wing ochreous white suffused with reddish brown, the inner ante- medial and postmedial areas white with a slight violaceous tinge ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; ante- medial line double, waved ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, M'ith bro\vn centres and white ainiuli defined by black, the former rather oblique elliptical ; an indistinct waved medial line excurved from costa to median nervure ; post- medial line double, slightly waved, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4, some ■white points beyond it on costa; subtcrminal line white, defined 234 NOCTtriD^E, on inner side by dentate black marks below costa and at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen on veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia brown intersected with white. Hind wing pale suffused witli brown, the veins and terminal area brown ; a white mark on termen below vein 2 ; cilia white, with a brown liiie through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, an indistinct sinuous postmedial line. Hah. S. Fkance ; Spain ; Sicily ; Hungart, Leech Coll. ; Greece ; Armenia ; Syria, "Mardin. E.vp. 34 millim. 1456. Epia christophi. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 21.) Dianthatcia christophi, Moschl. Wien. eiit. Mon. 1862, p. 235; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 163. Diant/ioecia corrwpta, Herz. Iris, xi. p. 25G (1898). Head and thorax white slightly tinged with brown ; palpi fuscous at sides ; frons and vertex of head Avith fuscous bars ; teguloe with a black medial lino : patagia edged with black ; abdomen white slightly tinged with fuscous. Fore wing white, slightly tinged and irroi'ated. with brown ; subbasal line black, defined by white on outer side, waved from costa to submedian fold and bisecting a black streak below base of cell ; antemedial line double, waved ; claviform moderate, strongly defined by black ; orbicular and reni- form with slight brown centres and prominent white annuli defined by black, the former round ; a waved medial line ; postmedial line double, minutely waved, bent outwai'ds below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved ; some white points on costa towards apex ; subterminal line white, with dentate black marks before it at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at veins 4, 3 ; the apex suft'used with white ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia intersected with white. Hind \\ing white slightly tinged with brown ; the veins, a sinuous postmedial line, and diffused sub- terminal band brown ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia fuscous, whitish at tips ; the underside white, the costal area irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule, the postmedial lino and subterminal band more prominent. Ab. 1. corrupta. Darker, especially the hind wings. Huh. llussiA, Sarepta, 1 §; Siberia, Altai; W. Turkestan, Uliassutai, 1 cj' , 1 $ , Pamirs ; Mongolia, Urga ; Tibet, Amdo ; Amurlani), Ussuri. Exp. 34 millim. Larva. Yellowish white, with white dorsal, subdorsal, and lateral stripes. Genus CARDEPIA, nov. Type, C. irrisor. I'roboscis fully developed ; palpi oblique ; frons with truncate reniforra proniiuence, excised below ; eyes large, rounded ; antenna of male ciliated ; thorax clothed chiefly with scales, the pro- and luetathorax with spreading crests; fore tarsi with curved claw-like spines on outer side of 1st joint; abdomen with dorsal crest on basal segment. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 CARDBPIA. 235 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discoeellulars ; 6, 7 shortly stalked ; 8 anastomosing with cell near base only. A. Head, thorax, and fore wmg not tinged with rnfous in-isor. 13. Head, thorax, and fore wing tinged with rufons nova. 1457. Cardepia irrisor. Mamestra irrisor, Ersch. Fedtsch. Eeis. p. 42, pi. 4. f. 53 (1874) ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 158. Mamestra albipicta, Christ. Eom. Mem. i. p. 119, pi. 8. f. 1 (1884). Head and thorax white mixed with dark brown ; antennte ringed wnth black ; abdomen ochreous white. Eore wing grey- white, often slightly tinged with rufous and thickly irrorated with pale brown and fuscous ; subbasal line represented by double black striae from costa and cell ; antemedial line double, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular small, round, whitish defined by black ; reniform large, with whitish annulus defined by black, its lower part filled in with fuscous ; a faint medial shade ; postmedial line defined by white on outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, defined by small fuscous dentate marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate on veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing white slightly tinged with fuscous, the veins and terminal area suffused with fuscous, leaving a white patch on termen near tornus ; cilia white ; the underside white irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal lunule, sinuous postmedial line, and diffused subterminal band. Ab. 1. deserticola, Bang-Haas, ined. Fore wing rather more ochreous ; hind wing white, the veins and medial part of terminal area slightly tinged with fuscous. — Syria. The claws on fore tarsi small, larger towards extremity of joints. Hah. S.E. llussiA ; Syria, Jordan, 1 c? , 1 § ; Kikghistan ; W. Turkestan, Tekke, 3 c? , 1 $ , Turcomania, Ferghana, Sarawschan, Issyk-kul ; E. Turkestan, Kuldja, 1 J , 1 $ • Exp. 30-34 millim. 1458. Cardepia nova. Trichoclca nova, Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxix. p. 198. Head and thorax rufous mixed with white ; abdomen whitish irrorated with brown ; tarsi with fuscous bands. Fore wing whitish tliickly irrorated with rufous and in part suffused witli fuscous ; svibbasal line represented by double stritc from costa and cell ; antemedial line double, distinct at costa, then indistinct, obli(iue, waved ; claviform minute, fuscous defined by black ; orbi- cular and reniform with pale annuli defined by black, the former small, round, the latter with its lower part filled in with fuscous ; a medial shade, oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, then dentate ; postmedial line double at costa, bent outwards below costa, 230 K0CTU1DJ5. then dentate and produced to black and white points on the veins, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subtermiual line verj^ indistinct, i)ale, di fined on inner side by slight dentate dark marks at middle, anplcd outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle; a terminal series of small ])lack lunules ; Fig. 40. — Cardepia nova, (S . \. cilia whiti.sh with two brown lines through them. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area suffused with fuscous ; the iinderside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, Grand Junction (Oslar), 3 J, 1 $ , New Mexico, Arizona, Tucson (Kemj)), 1 5 cotype, Prescott {Kunzc), 2 $ . Exj). 38 millim. Genus TEICHOCLEA. Type. Trkhoclea, Grote, Papilio, iii. p. 30 (1883) decepta. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely porrect, the 2nd joint fringed with hair, the 3rd .sluirt, porrect ; froiis with small rnvuided prominence with corneous plate below it ; eyes large, round, not ciliated ; autennre of male ciliated ; thorax clothed with hair and scales, the pro- and nietathorax with slight spreading crests ; tibia; fringed with hair on outer side ; fore tarsi with the 1st or first two joints with long curved claw-like spines on outer side ; abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st segment. Fore wing witii the termen slightly crenulate ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 I'rom 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 1 1 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 6 obsolescent from just below middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle; 8 anastomosing with tlie cell near base. A. Fore wing with the antemedial line absent U-scrijila. 33. Fore wing with the antemedial line present. a. Fore wing with the gi-ound-colour ferruginous red avtcsta. h. Fore wing with the ground-colour fuscous brown to olive- brown. fl\ Fore wing with more or less prominent whitish points on lower part of reniform albicolon. b\ Fore wing without wliitish points on lower part of reniform. a^. Fore wing fuscous brown atahaitica. h"^. Fore wing olive-brown cholica. c. Fore wing with the ground-colour grey more or less tinged with brown. a^. Fore wing with white aunulus to reniform fuscolutca. TRICnoCLKA. 237 b^. Fore wing witliout wliite annulus to reiiifonn. a^. Foi'e wing strongly suffused with brown s^nciahllis. h'^. Fore wing slightly tinged with rufous decepta. C-. Fore wing grey slightly tinged with brown. a^. Fore wing with the subterminal line white, dentate on veins 4, 3 donoiica. b^. Fore wing with the subtenuinal line indistinct, not dentate on veins 4, 3. a*. Hind wing with the terminal band pale brownish. a". Fore wing with the antemedial line very oblique from costa to subniedian fold an/iea. b^. Fore wing with tlie antemedial line more erect from eosta to subniedian fold pofitica. h^. Hind wing with the terminal band deep fuscous edvardsi. 1459. Triclioclea U-scripta. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 22.) Mamestra IJ-scripta, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 228 (1891) • id Cat Noct. N. Am. p. 119. . • • S . Head and thorax grey and fuscous with a brownish tinge ; abdomen grey and fuscous, paler at base. Fore wing yellowish brown slightly irrorated with fuscous ; the costal area and veins fuscous irrorated with white ; subbasal and antemedial lines and clavit'orm obsolete ; orbicular and reniform small, the former hardlv traceable, oblique elliptical, the latter with its upper part verV indistinct, its lower with prominent white U-shaped mark with white streak on median nervure before it ; postmedial line hardly traceable, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points on costa beyond it ; a subterminal series of slight dentate dark marks, the terminal area darker • a series of pure white streaks from extremity of veins intcrsectin"-the cilia. Hind wing pale suffused with fuscous brown, the veins and termen darker; cilia whitish with a dark line through them inter- sected by a series of white streaks from extremity of veins ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with large brown scales. Fore tarsi with rather long curved claw-like spines on outer side of joints. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado {Bruce), 1 J , California, Sierra Nevada Exp. 38 millim. 1460. Trichoclea artesta. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 23.) Mamcafra artcsfn, Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxix. p. 197. 6 . Head and thorax pale red mixed with brown and white ; antenna? whitish ; abdomen pale ochreous, ventrally brownish. Fore wing pale red sparsely irrorated with white, more strongly on inner area and costal area beyond middle ; subbasal line indistinct, defined by white on outer side, waved, from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line indistinct, defined by white on inner side, waved, angled inwards on the veins ; claviform absent ; orbicular and reniform with white annuli defined by brown, the former minute, round, with brown centre, the latter with white centre 238 NOCXUID^. defined by brown and its white annulus broken up into spots ; post- medial line whitish, indistinct, somewhat dentate and produced to fuscous and white points on the veins, slightly bent outwards below costa, incurved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; cilia brown, with a series of white points at base. Hind wing white, the veins and termen slightly tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated with red. Frons with slight vertical ridge ; fore tarsi with long curved claws on the joints. Hah. U.S.A., Illinois {Kemp), 1 S ■, Kansas, Colorado. Exp. 38 millira. 1461. Trichoclea albicolon. Noct'iia albicolon, Sepp, Ins. ii. pi. 1. ff. 1-9 (1786) ; Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 542-3; Uup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 272, pi. 117. f. 3; Steph. 111. Erit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 195, pi. 24. f. 3 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 166. Hadena cgena, Led. Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1853, p. 371. Hadena arida, Led. Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1855, p. 108, pi. 1. f. 7. Mamestra odiosa, Stand. Iris, viii. p. 315 (1895); id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 156. Mamestra amydra, Piing. Iris, xiv. p. 182, pi. ii. f. 4 (1901). Head and thorax blackish brown slightly mixed with grey ; patagia with some black scales above ; tarsi black with pale rings ; abdomen brown mixed with grey. Fore wing dark yellowish or fuscous brown irrorated with black, the veins irrorated with grey ; subbasal and antemedial lines double, waved, filled in with paler colour, the former extending to submedian fold ; claviform defined by black, short ; orbicular and reniform well-developed, with greyish annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter with white points on its outer and lower edges ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmedial line double filled in with pale colour, dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; some pale points on costa towards apex ; subterminal line more or less broken up into ochreous-white points and defined by small dentate black marks on inner side, angled out- wards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules and a series of pale points at base of cilia. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, the veins and terminal area brown ; cilia yellowish white, sometimes with a dark line through them ; the underside ochreous white irrorated with dark brown, a discoidal lunule and somewhat dentate sinuous postmedial line. Ab. 1. C(/ena. Fore wing paler, more luteous and even in colour. Ab. 2. arida. Fore wing duller and more fuscous in colour ; hind wing more uniform fuscous brown. Ab. 3. odiosa. Fore wing dull ochreous brown ; hind wing uni- form fuscous brown. Bab. BiUTAiN, Leech Coll. ; France, Sand Coll. ; Jutland, Leech Coll. : Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; N. Italy ; Sweden ; Russia, Livonia, Zeller Coll. ; Armenia, 1 S ; Khirgistan ; W. Siberia, 1 c?, Altai, 1 6; W. Turkestan, Ferghana, Tarbagatai Mts., Issyk- TEICHOCLEA. 239 kul, 1 c? , 1 $ ; E. Tprkestax, Kuldja, 1 d" , 1 5 , Korla, Aksu, typet amydra in Coll. Pungeler; Mongolia, Uliassutai, Urga; Tibet, Ivuku-noor, 1 cj" , 1 5 j Amdo. Exp. 38-44 milliin. Larva. Meyp. Brit. Lep. p. 87 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 207, pi. IGO. f. 1. Green ; dorsal lino fine, pale, dark-edged ; spiracular line pale, including a darker line ; head pale green. Food-plants : Cheno- podium, Atrlplex, Sisymbrium, etc. 7-8. 1462. Trichoclea atalantica, n. sp. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 24.) S . Head and thorax dark brown slightly mixed with grey ; pectus and legs greyer ; abdomen ochreons brown, the ventral surface grey. Fore wing dark brown ; subbasal line indistinct, blackish, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line oblique, w^aved, angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform indistinctly defined by black ; orbicular and reniform very indistinct, with slight grey annuli, the former oblique elliptical ; an indistinct waved medial line ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa and strongly incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line repre- sented by an obscure series of dark dentate marks ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the under- side greyer brown. Hah. Madeira, Porto Santo {Wollaston), 1 S type. Exp. 34 niillim. 1463. Trichoclea cholica, n. sp. (Plate LXXXIY. fig. 25.) Head and thorax ochreons slightly mixed with brown and grey ; abdomen ochreous brown or greyish. Fore wing ochreons brown irrorated with fuscous ; an indistinct double, waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an oblique, waved antemedial line angled inwards on vein 1 and defined by greyish on inner side ; claviform hardly visible, defined by a few dark scales; orbicular and reniform very indistinct, defined by a few dark scales, the former round ; an indistinct curved medial band ; postmedial line strongly dentate, bent outwards below costa and strongly incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, defined by obscure somewhat dentate fuscous marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing suffused with fuscous brown, the terminal area rather darker ; the underside greyish irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line with short dark streaks on the veins. Hah. Kashmik, Xubra (Mac Arthur), 4 d , 3 $ , type. E.ip. 40 millim. 1464. Trichoclea fuscolutea. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 26.) Mamestra fuscolu/ea, Smith, Ent. News Philad. iii. p. 250, pi. x. f. 3 (181)2); id. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. .54. 2 . Head and thorax grey with a yellowish tinge and mixed with dark brown ; tegultc with slight dark medial line ; fore tarsi with 240 NocTtriDJ^:. series of curved claws on 1st joint, the first two having others above them, and claws at end of next two joints ; abdomen brownish ochreous with dark irroration. Fore wing brownish white with an ochreous tinge and dark irroration ; tho subbasal line represented by indistinct double stria? from costa and cell ; anteraedial line indistinct, strongly excurved below cell and above inner margin and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform small, defined by blackish ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and white annuli defined by blackish, the former oblique oblong or elliptical, open above, the latter with its outer edge angled, its lower angle produced inwards to a streak on median nervure ; postmedial line indistinct, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; sub- terminal line white, defined on inner side by dark brown dentate marks and on outer side by dark marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, the veins and terminal area brown; cilia white ; the underside white, the costal area irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot, sinuous postmedial line, and diffused subterminal band. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado (Bruce), 2 $ . E,rp- ^^ miHim. 14G5. Trichoclea sociabilis. Mamestra sociabilis, Grasl. Ami. Soc. Ent. Fr. IS50, p. 412, pi. 10. f. 13 ; Herr.-Schafl', Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 563 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 158. Head and thorax grey mixed with brown and black ; tegulae with medial black line; tarsi banded with black; abdomen grey irrorated with brown. Fore wing grey suffused and irrorated with brown ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, waved, indistinct except at costa; claviform rather small, defined by black; orbicular and reniform with grey annuli defined by black, the former small, round, the latter filled in with fuscous ; an indistinct curved waved medial line ; postmedial line dentate and produced to white points on the veins, double at costa, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, with small dentate black marks before it except towards costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing white tinged with brown, the veins and terminal area brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and diffused subterminal baud. . The claws on fore tarsi small, longer towards extremities of joints, Mab. S.W. France, 1 $ , Zeller Coll. ^.rj:>. 32 millira. 1466. Trichoclea decepta. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 27.) Trichoclea decepta, Grote, Papilio, iii. p. 30 (1883); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 209. Perigea pauper a, Driice, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 279 (part.), nee Wlk. Head and thorax ochreous white ; palpi with black patch at TRICHOCLEA. 241 sides ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen ochreous, whitish below. Fore wing ochreous white, suft'uscd and irrorated with yellow-brown; the subbasal line repreaented bj- two black strice from costa ; ante- medial line represented by two black striaj from costa, then ill- defined, double, irregularly dentate ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and renitbrm defined by black, tbo former round, the latter with fuscous centre ; an indistinct waved medial line arising from a black striga on costa ; postmedial line with double black strias at costa, bent outwards below costa, then dentate, ex- curved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line white, minutely waved, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, defined on inner side by fuscous suffusion and small indistinct dentate blackish marks, the area beyond it suffused with fuscous ; a i)romi- nent terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area suffused with fuscous ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas slightly irrorated with fuscous, a prominent postmedial series of black points. The tarsi with curved claw-like spines on first two joints, the one at extremity of Ist joint large. Hab. U.S.A., Utah in Coll. Schaus, Arizona, Phoenix (Kunze), 1 c? , 1 2 ; Mexico, N". Sonora (Morrison), 1 $ , Godman-Salvin Coll. Exjy. 30-34 millim. 1467. Trichoclea demotica. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 28.) Mamestra demotica, Piing. Iris, sv. p. 148, pi. v. ff. 8, 9 (1902). (S . Head and thorax grej' mixed with dark brown ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen grey irrorated with dark brown. Fore wing grey tinged with brown ; the subbasal and antetnedial lines waved, double, filled in with greyish, tlie former extending to vein 1 ; clavi- form small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform moderate, defined by black, the former round; an indistinct medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, where it is angled ; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by dentate black marks between veins 6 and 2, excurved at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia with fine pale line at base. Hind wing grey-white tinged with brown ; a diffused fuscous sub- terminal band ; the underside whitish, the costal area irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot, slight curved postmedial line, and terminal series of small black lunules. Ilah. W. TtJKKESTAN, Turcomania, 1 c? ; E. Turkestan, Aksu, type t in Coll. Piingeler. Exp. 34 millim. 1468. Trichoclea antica. (Plate LXXXIY. fig. 29.) Trichoclea antica. Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xviii. p. 116 (1891) ; id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. li()9. Head and thorax brownish white slightly irrorated with fuscous; tarsi banded with black; abdomen brownish white. Fore wing VOL. V. B 242 NOCTUIDiE. white irrorated with brown and fuscous ; the subbasal line repre- sented by black strite from costa and cell ; the antemedial line with a black spot beyond it on costa, very oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform very small, defined by fuscous ; orbicular moderate, round, slightly defined by fuscous ; reniform with fuscous centre and grey annulus slightly defined by fuscous ; the postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side, crenulate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish, minutely waved, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, with fuscous marks on inner side at costa and vein 5 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area tinged with brown, the cilia white ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a dis- coidal point and curved subterminal series. Fore tarsi with curved claw-like spines on outer side of 1st joint. Hah. U.S.A., California, Los Angeles (Coquillet), 1 $, New Mexico, Albuquerque {Oslar), 1 ^ , Las Vegas (Oslar), 1 c? , 2 5 . Exp. 40 millim. 1469. Trichoclea postica. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 30.) Trichocica posfica, Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xviii. p. 115 (1891); id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 209. Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish white slightly irrorated with fuscous ; tarsi banded with black. Fore wing white irrorated with brown and fuscous ; the subbasal line represented by blackish striae from costa and cell ; antemedial line with black point beyond it on costa, interrupted, waved, angled inwards on vein 1, nearly erect .; claviform minute, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform incompletely defined by black, the former round, the latter with some fuscous at centre ; postmedial line crenulate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line pale, slightly defined by fuscous on inner side and by dark marks at costa and vein 5, dentate, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle, and incurved at sub- median fold ; a terminal series of dark striae. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area suff'used with fuscous ; cilia white ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and subterminal series of points on the veins. Fore tarsi with three curved claw-like spines on outer side of 1st joint and one on 2nd. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, Denver (Oslar), 1 J , 3 $ . Krp. 36 millim. 1470. Trichoclea edvardsi. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 31.) Trichoclea edwardsii, Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 478 (1887) ; id. Cat. Kcct. N. Am. p. 209. c? . Head and thorax brownish grey ; tarsi banded with black. Fore wing pale brownish grey ; subbasal line only defined by some .diifused black scales on each side of it below the cell ; antemedial TEICHOCLEA. — EADULA, 243 line represented by some black scales forming traces of a waved line ; claviform with its extremity slightly defined by fulvous ; orbicular obsolete ; reniform represented by a fuscous mark at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line dentate and produced to a series of white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved and angled outwards on vein 1 ; subtermiual line represented by a very obscure series of small fuscous dentate marks ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white ; the veins and terminal area broadly suffused with fuscous ; cilia white ; the underside with postmedial series of dark striae on the veins. Fore tarsi with curved claw- like spines on first four joints, three at base and one at extremity of 1st joint, two at extremity of 2nd joint, and those at extremities of 3rd and 4th joints larger. Hah. U.S.A., California, Alameda Co., 1 S • Exp. 36 millim. Genus HADULA. Type. Haduln, Staud. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1889, p. 43 , insoLUa. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned, fringed with hair in front ; f roiis with rounded prominence with corneous plate below it ; eyes large, rounded; head and thorax clothed with hair and hair-like scales; abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st segment. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from close to angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hind Aviug with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle; 8 anasto- mosing with the cell near the base only. Sect. I. Antenijic of male bipectinate, with long branches to apex. A, Fore wing with the antemedial line very strongly angled out- wards in submedian fold and inwards on vein 1 ,.. tancrci. B. Fore wing with the aritemedial line moderately angled outr wards in submedian fold and inwai'ds on vein I corghossi. 1471. Hadula tancrei. (Plate LXXXIV. fig. 32.) Mamestra tancrei, Grses. Berl, ent. Zeit. 1892, p. 305 ; Stg-ud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 161. Haderunia grcBseri, Piing. Soc. Ent. xiii. p. .58 (1898). S . Head and thorax blackish brown mixed with grey ; tcguloa with dark medial line; abdomen fuscous and grey. Fore wing grey, mostly suffused and irrorated with brownish fuscous ; subbasal line represented by double stria) from costa and cell ; antemedial line indistinct, double, very highly waved and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform small, defined by blackish ; orbicular and reniform large indistinctly defined by blackish, the former rather elongate elliptical, the latter filled in with fuscous, its lower part dilated and defined by a semicircular wliite annulus ; postmedial line indistinct, dentate, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some white points oji costa beyond it ; subterminal line whitish defined by brown on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate on veins 3, 4, the area beyond it rather darker ; a terminal series of bhick luniiles; the cilia with fine white line at base and intersected 244 NOCTTJID-a;. ■with white. Hind wing fuscous brown with pale terminal mark towards tornus : cilia pale with a dark line through them ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. Ab. 1. (jrcfseri. Smaller, with the fore wing less distinctly marked. Hah. W. TuEKESTAN, Issyk-kul, Alexander Mts., type t in Coll, Piingeler; E. Titekestan, Hi, type ■f grceseri in Coll. Piingeler-, Kungess, 1 S • Exp- 42-44 millim. 1472. Hadula corghossi. Mamestra korghossi, Alpli. Hor. Soc. Ent. Eoss. xvii. p. 65, pi. 2. f. 49 (1882) ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 161. Head and thorax fuscous brown mixed with grey ; tcgulee with dark medial line ; patagia with whitish patch ; abdomen brownish grey. Fore wing grey, sufl'used and irrorated with fuscous or reddish brown ; subbasal line represented by oblique double striae below cell filled in with white, and with a whitish patch beyond it ; antemedial line indistinct, double, irregularly dentate ; claviform Fig. 41. — Hadula corghossi, ^. |. large or moderate, defined by blackish : orbicular and reniform with whitish annuli defined by blackish, the former more or less indistinct and elongate elliptical, the latter with its upper part more or less obsolescent, its lower part expanding inwards on median nervure, filled in with fuscous and with a prominent semi- circular part of the white annulus below it ; postmedial line very indistinct, double, strongly dentate, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line whitish, defined by browu on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3, the area beyond it darker ; a terminal series of slight dark lunules. Hind wing whitish suffused with fuscous especially towards termen ; the underside white slightly irrorated with brown ; a small discoidal spot and traces of a curved postmedial line. Uab. W. SiBEEiA, Altai, 1 c? ; W. Tuekestan, Turcomania, 1 rT , 1 y ; E. Turkestan, Kuldja, 2 c? , 1 $ , Thian Shan ; E. Sibeeia, Amurland, 3 c?- Eap. 40-46 millim. Sect. II. Antennae of male bipectinate, with long branches, the apex simple. A. Hind wing nearly uniformly suffused with fuscous iurpis. S. Hind wing whitish irrorated and the terminal area suffused with fuscous optima. HADTJLA. 245 1473. Hadula turpis. Phcebophihis turpis, Staucl. Iris, xii. p. 341, pi. 7. f. 8 (1900) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 177. 6 . Head and thorax grey- white slight!}- tinged with pale brown, the crests on metathoras and 1st segment of abdomen with fuscous ; abdomen grey-white. Fore wing grey- white slightly tinged with red -brown and irrorated with fuscous ; the subbasal line repre- sented by blackish marks below costa and cell ; the antemedial line rather indistinct, waved : claviform moderate, defined by fuscous ; orbicular and reniform large, incompletely defined by fuscous, the "^^^^0''' Fig. 42. — Hadula hirpis, (^ . \. former round, the latter with some fuscous in its lower part ; post- medial line indistinct, somewhat dentate, slightly bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; subterminal line very indis- tinct, pale defined on inner side by small indistinct dentate brown marks, angled outwards at veins 7, 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered fuscous and grey. Hind wing brownish grey suffused with fuscous ; the cilia ochreous white ; the underside grey irrorated with fuscous, traces of a discoidal point and sinuous postmedial line, Hah. E. Turkestan, Thian Shan Mts., 1 J . Exp. 46 millim. *1474. Hadula optima. Haderonia optima, Alph. Rom. Mem. ix. p. 236, pi. xii. f. 7 (1897) ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 161. (S . Head and thorax grey-white mixed with brownish fuscous ; abdomen grey-white irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing pale grey tinged with brown and slightly with ochreous and thickly irrorated with fuscous, the medial area slightly darker; the subbasal line represented by indistinct double striae from costa and cell ; ante- medial line slightly washed, obli(iue from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 4 ; claviform small, very indistinctly defined ; orbicular and reniform large, pale grey, ill-defined, the former irregularly rounded ; traces of a medial line ; postmedial line indistinct, ol)scurely and minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line whitish defined by brown on inner side, dentate to near termcn on veins 7, G, 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small dark lunules ; cilia 246 NOCTtflD^. ■whitish with a dark line through them. Sifld Wing whitish, irrorated and the veins and terminal area suffused with fuscous ; the Underside white irrorated with fuscous, an indistinct sinuous postmedial line with dark streaks at the veins. Hah. E. Turkestan, Altyn Tag, in Coll. Piingeler, J^an Schan Mts. ; W. CniNA. Exp. 38-42 millim. Sect. III. Antennae of male serrate and fasciculate. A« Fore wing with ^-mark in subterminal line prtBcipua. B. Fore witig without ^-mark in subterminal litle * lonyicornis. 1475. Hadula prsecipua. Mcmcstra pfmcipuct, Staud. Iris, Viii. p. 316 (1896) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 155. S ' Head and thorax brown ; metathoracic crest vinous red ; abdomen reddish brown, the anal tuft redder. Fore wing grey- broWn with a viuous-red tinge ; a slight black streak below base of cell ; the subbasal line represented by oblique black striae from costa and cell ; a prominent oblique black streak above inner margin before the antemedial line, which is indistinct and strongly angled outwards in aubmedian fold and above inner margin ; claviform t'ig. 43. — Hadula prtscipua, J . large, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by black, the former rather elliptical, the latter angled inwards on median nervure ; postmedial line rather irregularly dentate, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some ochreous points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line ochreous white, with dentate dark marks before it on each side of discal and submedian folds and dark streaks in the interspaces beyond it, dentate to termen on veins 7, 4, 3. Hind wing fuscous brown, with fine ochreous line at base of cilia ; the underside with the inner area paler, an indistinct oblique postmedial line. Ifab. Tibet, Kuku-noor, 1 c?, Amdo, Exp. 48 millim. *147(5. Hadula longicornis. (Plate LX:S:.XV. fig. 1.) JSIamestra longicornis, Gra;s. Berl. ent. Zeit. 1892, p. 306; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 155. c^ . Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with pale reddish HADULA. 247 brown ; tarsi brown with pale rings. Fore wing grey, tinged in parts with ochreous and irrorated with dark brown, the medial area slightly darker ; siibbasal line represented by slight dark striae from costa ; antemedial line waved ; claviform with its extremity defined by dark brown ; orbicular and reniform large, whitish slightly defined by brown, the former round, the latter quadrate ; postmedial line indistinct, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurv'ed to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal lino indistinct, whitish defined by fuscous on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle and bent outwards to tornus ; a terminal series of slight dark lunules. Hind wing whitish suffused with brown, especially on terminal area ; a curved postmedial line showing through from underside ; cilia whitish ; the underside white irro- rated with brown, some slight dark streaks on postmedial line. Hah. E. Turkestan, Kashgar, type f in Coll. Piingclcr. Exy. 44 millim. Sect. IV. Antenna; of male with long cilia. A, Fore wing without brown centres to orbicular and reniform. a. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform whitish defined by black sabulorum. b. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform grey defined by brownish insolita. B. Fore wing with brown centres to orbicular and reniform . . . impia. 1477. Hadula sabulorum. Mamestra sabulorum, Alph. Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. xvii. p. 69, pi. 3. f. 58 (1882) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 15(x Mamestra distincia, Staud. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1889, p. 35. Mamestra rhodina, Christ. Iris, vi. p. 91 (1893). Head and thorax ochreous grey mixed with brown, a few black scales on edges of patagia; tarsi ringed with black; abdomen brownish grey. Fore wing ochreous grey irrorated with brown and black ; the subbasal line represented by double black striae from costa and cell ; antemedial line rather indistinct, double, oblique, waved, arising from black points on costa ; claviform small, defined by black ; medial Fig. 44. — Hadula sabulorum, c? . \. line indistinct, curved, waved, arising from a black point on costa ; orbicular and reniform with a whitish tinge, large, defined by black, the former round ; postmedial line dentate and produced to black and grey streaks on the veins, double at costa, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond 243 noctuid.t:. it on cosla ; subterminal line ochreous strongly defined on inner side by a series of somewhat dentate fuscous marks, angled out- wards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown ; the veins brown ; terminal area fuscous, with whitish mark on termen near tornus ; cilia white ; the underside white irrorated with blackish, a slight discoidal lunule and curved postmedial series of points. Ab. 1. distmcta. Larger ; fore wing with a slight violaceous tinge and more distinctly marked below. Ab. 2. rhodina. Fore wing suffused with red-brown. Hah. Armenia, Ordubad ; W. Turkestan, Turcomania, Issyk- kul, 1 f{ , 1 $ ; E. Turkestan, Kuldja, 1 cJ, Kiingess, 2 J , 1 $ , Kashgar. Exp. 36-44 millim. 1478. Hadula insolita. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 2.) Hadula insolita, Staud. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1889, p. 43 ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 157. Head and thorax pale grey-brown ; tarsi banded Avith fuscous ; abdomen grey. I'ore wing brownish grey; the subbasal line repre- sented by double brown striae from costa and cell ; antemedial line double, waved, rather oblique; claviform absent; orbicular and reuiform large, incompletely defined above and below, the former round ; a distinct medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, then dentate ; postmedial line indistinct, double, dentate, bent outwards below costa, somewhat incui'ved at discal fold, incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line rather indistinct, brownish, with two or three small somewhat dentate black marks on it near discal fold and one in submedian fold, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; traces of some minute terminal dark lunules. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown ; the veins brown ; the terminal area fuscous, with whitish mark on termen near tornus ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line showing through to upperside. Hah. W. Turkestan, Issyk-kul, 2 c^ , 3 2 ; E. Turkestan, Kash- gar. Ewp. 40-42 millim. *1479. Hadula impia. (Plate XCII. fig. 2.) Maiiteshr/ invpia, Piing. ined. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish grey ; tarsi fuscous with pale rings. Fore wing grey, thickly irrorated and suff'used with brown ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to sub- median fold ; antemedial line irregularly waved, defined by grej' on inner side ; claviform small, defined by brown ; orbicular and reniform with brown centres and pale annuli defined by brown, the former round, o])en above, the latter indistinctly defined and constricted at middle ; postmedial line dentate, defined by grey on outer side, slightly bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal lino HADULA, 249 dentate, white defined by brown on inner side, somewhat angled outwards at veins 7, 4, 3 ; a fine white line at base of cilia. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia white with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a sinuous post- medial line and diffused subterminal band. Hah. E. TuRKEsrAN, Aksu, type f J in Coll. Piingeler. Exp. 46 millim. Sect. V. Antenna} of male minutely ciliated. A. Forewingwitb the antemedial line angled inwards on vein 1, the postmedial line incurved below vein 4 unica. B. Fore wing with the anteniedial line not angled inwards on vein 1, the postmedial line oblique below vein 4 iyicommoda. 148i». Hadula unica. Hudena unica, Leech, P.Z. S. 1889, p. 509, pi. 51. f. 12. cj" . Head, thorax, and abdomen grey tinged with brown ; tarsi with pale rings. Fore wing brownish grey irrorated with fuscous and the medial area slightly tinged with fuscous ; a double waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a double irregularly waved antemedial line ; claviform small, defined by black; orbicular and renit'orm large, grey defined by black and with some brown in centres, the former rather elongate elliptical, the latter rather quadrate and angled inwards on median nerviire ; postmedial line double, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line pale, slightly defined by brown on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of black lunules. Hind wing ochreous whitish tinged with brown, the veins and terminal area suffused with brown, leaving some ochreous on termen towards tornus ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, adiscoidal spot, sinuous postmedial line, and some points on termen. Bab. Japan {Pryer), 1 cJ type Exp. 40 millim. 1481. Hadula incommoda. Mamestra incommoda. Stand. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1888, p. 250; id. Eom. Mem. vi. p. 428, pi. 8. f. 3 ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 159. Mamestra lacrimosa, Grass. Berl. ent. Zeit. 1888, p. 328. d" . Head and thorax purplish grey mixed with brown ; abdomen reddish brown. Fore wing purplish grey irrorated and suffused with brown ; subbasal line represented by a slight striga from costa ; a triangular black mark below base of cell ; antemedial line represented by a very indistinct oblique grey line from cell to inner margin ; claviform filled in with dark brown, rather pointed at extremity ; orbicular and reniform with grey annuli defined by brown, the former oblique elliptical, the latter inwardly oblique and placed on a diffused brown jiatch ; an oblique brown line from beyond angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line grey, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa and oblique beloAV vein 4 ; subterminal lino whitish, angled outwards at vein 7 and 250 TSOCTUIVM. oxcurved at middle, the area beyond it darker ; a terminal series of small black lunulcs. Hind wing ochreous white suffused with brown, especially towards termen ; cilia white with a brown line Fig. 45. — Hadula incommoda, cJ • !• through them ; the underside whitish, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Rah. Amubland, Ussuri, 1 J . Ex]). 34 millim. Genus NEPHELISTIS, nov. Type, iV. congenitaUs. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned reaching vertex of head ; frons with slight rounded prominence with corneous plate below it; eyes large, rounded ; head and thorax clothed principally with scales, the pro- and nieta- thorax with spreading crests; tibise fringed with hair; abdomen with large dorsal crest on basal segment. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obso- lescent from middle of discocelluLirs ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with cell near base only. Sect. I. Antennae of male bipectinate with rather long branches to near apes. 1482. Nephelistis congenitalis, n. sp. Tceniocampa vellerea, Druce, Biol, Centr.-Amer., Ilet. ii. p. 484 (part.), nee Schaus. c? . Head and thorax dark brown tinged with grey ; abdomen fuscous brown. Fore wing brown suffused with purplish grey ; subbasal line represented by some white scales from costa to sub- median fold ; antemedial line very indistinct, grey ; the medial area Fig. 46. — Ncphclistis congenitalis, cJ. \. suffused with dark olive-brown from subcostal nervure to vein 1 ; the orbicular and reuiform only defined by a few white scales on their inner and outer edges ; the postmedial line indistinct, white, strongly bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some paler suffusion beyond it and some white points on NEPHELISTIS. 251 costa ; subtorminal Hue represented by a series of white undula- tions on brown marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing fuscous brown with a reddish tinge, whitish towards base and inner margin ; the underside yellowish white, the costal and terminal areas thickly irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Guatemala, Las Mercedes (Champion), 1 c? type, Godman- Salvin Coll. Eap. 3-i millim. Sect. II. Antennae of male bipectinate with very short branches, the apex ciliated ; mid tibioa dilated, fringed with very long hair and with expansible tuft of long yellow hair ; underside of both wings mostly clothed with bright ochreousandroconia and hair to beyond middle. A. Fore wing with the postmedial line incurved below vein 4 ... clauda. B. Fore wing with the postmedial line obliquely curved. a. Head and tegula; rufous furva. b. Head and tegulie purplish brown differens. 1483. Nephelistis clauda. Conservula clauda, Schaus, Trans. Am. Eut. Soc. xxi. p. 231 (1894) ; Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het, ii. p. 475. TcBniocompa veUerca, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 484 (part.), ueo Schaus. Head and thorax dark brown tinged with grey ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen dark grey-brown. Fore wing dark brown suffused with purplish grey and irrorated with whitish ; traces of a waved whitish subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an indistinct oblique waved autemedial line ; the medial area suffused with black-brown from submedian nervure to vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform very indistinctly defined by grey, the former round ; post- medial line grey slightly defined by blackish on inner side, strongly bent outwards below costa, then oblique and excurved at median ^??5^-^ Fig. 47. — Nephelistis clauda, (S . \. nervules ; subterminal line represented by a very obscure series of whitish marks on diffused blackish patches, slightly angled out- wards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine wliitish line at base of cilia. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia whitish with dark line at base. The underside of both wings in malo clothed with bright ochreous hair and androcouia to beyond middle except costal area ; hind wing with black discoidal spot and sinuous post- medial lino, in female whitish thickly irrorated with brown, the disk whiter. Hah. Mexico, .Talapa (Tnijillo), 2 J , 3 $ , Godman-Salviu Coll. Ex2). 30 millim. Typo t in Coll. Schaus. 9/59 NOCTUIDiK. *1484. Nephelistis furva. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 3.) Conservula furva , Schaus, J. N.Y. Eiit. Soc. xi. p. 235 (1903). S . Head and tegulae bright ferruginous slightly mixed with white, the latter tipped with white ; thorax red-brown irrorated with white ; pectus and legs rufous, the tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen rufous irrorated with white, the anal tuft more fulvous. Fore wing bright chestnut ; the costal area purplish fuscous ; a purplish band before the oblique antemedial line from cell to inner margin ; orbicular and reniform purplish with ill-defined whitish annuli, the former very oblique elliptical ; some white points on terminal half of eosta ; postmedial line chestnut defined by white on outer side, straight, very oblique from below costa to inner margin, with a pur])lish band on its outer edge ; subtcrminal line very ill- defined, whitish towards costa, slightly angled outwards at vein 7, then oblique ; the veins of terminal area with slight dark streaks ; cilia purplish brown. Hind wing yellowish white, the veins, terminal area, and a terminal line tinged with rufous ; the under- side with the costal area irrorated with rufous, a discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hah. Mexico, Orizaba, type f J in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 30 millim. 1485- Nephelistis differens. Hadena differens, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 294, pi. 27. f. 26 (1889). T(Bniocainpa vellerea, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am , Het. ii. jj. 484, pi. 94. f. 8 (nee Schaus). 5 . Head and thorax deep purplish grey, the tegulae and thoracic crest cupreous ; abdomen fuscous brown, the dorsal crest cui)reous. Fore wing dark purplish grey ; the subbasal line represented by white striae from costa and median nervure with cupreous suffusion before it ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique, defined by the medial area below diseal fold and stigmata being cupreous ; orbicular and reniform defined by a slight blackish line except above and with a fuscous patch between them, the former oblique elliptical, confluent at lower extremity with the latter which is constricted at middle ; postmedial line double, oblique, very slightly curved and not quite reaching costa; some whitish points on terminal half of costa; subtcrminal line defined by the area beyond it being cupreous except the veins and an apical patch, slightly angled outwards at vein 7, strongly inwards in diseal fold, then somewhat dentate ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing fuscous brown with a reddish tinge, the interspaces whitish except towards termen ; cilia whitish with a brown line near base ; the underside whitish, the costalarea brown irrorated with white, a dark discoidal point and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Mexico, Jalapa {TrujUlo),\ $ ; Panama, Chiriqui (C7ia?»- ;pxon), 3 5 type, Godman-i^alvin Coll. Exjj. 36-40 millim. NEPHELISTIS. HYDRCECIODES. 253 Sect. Ill, Autennre of male ciliated ; mid tibiffi of male dilated with a groove containiug tufts of flocculent yellow hair and fringed with large curved scales. 1486. Nephelistis vellerea. Taniocampa vellerea, Schaus, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 237 (1894). Conservula cedica, Drace, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 475, pi. 93. ff. 9, 10 (1898). (S . Head and thorax brown, tlie scales tipped with grey ; abdo- men grey-brown, the ventral surface darker, the anal tuft more ochreous. Fore wing dark brown suffused and irrorated with purplish grey, the postmedial area purplish grey ; faint traces of an antemedial line, with the area before it rather greyer below the cell ; the postmedial line pale, obliquely curved, not quite reaching costa ; subterminal line indistinct, grey, excurved at vein 7 and middle ; a Fig. 48. — Kephelistis vellerea, (S . \. fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing ochreous white, the veins, costal and terminal areas tinged with brown, especially towards apex ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown. Hah. Mexico, Jalapa, type f (S in Coll. Schaus, ( Trujillo) 1 S type cedica, Orizaba {Bouchard) ; Panama, Chiriqui {Champion), 1 $ , Godman-Salvin Coll. Exp. 34-36 millim. Genus HYDRCECIODES, nov. Type, H. alala. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the 2nd joint fringed with hair in front, the 3rd short, oblique, hairy in front; frons witli rounded prominence with curved corneous plate below it; eyes large, rounded, overhung by long cilia ; head and thorax clothed with hair and scales, the vertex of head with large crest ; the tegulaj produced upwards into a slight ridge ; the pro- and meta- thorax with spreading crests; tibiic fringed witli rather long liair; abdomen with large dorsal crest on 1st segment. Fore wing ratlier narrow; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the arcole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing witli veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from just below angle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 254 N0CTuin;i5. Sect. I. Antonnge of malo bipcctinate to near apex. A. Fore wing not sufFused with brown xnnthina, B. Fore wing suffused with brown pexa. 1487. Hydroeciodes xanthina, n. sp. Xantkia alala, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 485 (part.). (5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow mixed with red ; tegula? with traces of medial line ; patagia with dark line near tips. Fore wing yellow thickly irrorated with rufous ; two slightly curved rufous subbasal lines from costa to submedian fold and another line from before antemedial line excurved below costa, then oblique to vein 1 ; the antemedial lino waved, angled inwards in cell and on vein 1 ; claviform short, broad, and defined by brown at extremity; orbicular and reniform large, defined by rufous, the former round ; medial line rufous, obliquely incurved from costa to lower angle of cell, then oblique and with some black irroration at its extremity on inner margin ; postmedial line sinuous, bent outwards below costa, slightly angled at veins 6 and 4, .then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line excurved below costa Fig. 49. — Hydi-oeciodes xanthina, cJ . \. and at middle, incurved at veins 5 and 2, some slight dark suffusion beyond it ; the veins towards termen with dark streaks ; a fine terminal dark line. Hind wing semihyaline- yellow tinged with pink ; the veins and terminal line brown ; cilia yellow ; the under- side pale, the costal area irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Mexico, Patycuaro {Oodman), 1 S type, Godman-Salvin Coll. Exp. 34 millim. *1488. Hydroeciodes pexa. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 4.) Hycb-ORcia pexa, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 235 (1903). cJ . Head and thorax yellowish brown mixed with reddish brown and the hairs tipped with grey ; palpi dark brown at sides ; abdomen ochreous whitish, dorsally suffused with brown, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing orange-yellow, mostly irro- rated and suffused with red-brown, leaving the antemedial area below cell and postmedial area except towards costa yellower ; a curved slightly waved antemedial line ; claviform short, yellow irrorated with rufous and defined by brown ; orbicular and reui- nYDEffiCIODES. 255 form yellow irrorated with rufous and defined by brown, tho former round, the latter with white spots on its annulus ; a medial line oblique from costa to median nervuro, whore it is angled, then inwardly oblique ; postmedial line waved, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4 ; subtermiual line waved, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing pale uniformly suffused with brown ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and slight postmedial series. Hah. Mexico, Oaxaca, type f cJ iJi Coll. Schaus. Exp. 38 millim. Sect. IT. Antennae of male ciliated. A. Fore wing without white subterniinal line. a. Fore wing with the ground-colour yellow. a}. Fore wing with the medial line angled outwards to lower angle of cell alala. 6'. Fore wing with the medial line not angled on median nervure azteca. h. Fore wing dark brown suffused with red. a}. Fore wing with the annulus of renifbrm yellow cauta. b^. Fore wing with the annulus of reniform white leucopis. B. Fore wing with white subtermiual line leucogramma. 1489. Hydrceciodes alala. Xanthia alala, Druce, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 514 ; id. Biol. Centr.-Araer., Het. ii. p. 485, pi. 94. f. 11. (S . Head and thorax golden yellow mixed with red-brown ; abdomen yellow dorsally tinged with pink, the dorsal crest dark at tip. Fore wing golden yellow irrorated with red; a double sinuous subbasal red lino from costa to submedian fold, with an oblique highly-waved line beyond it ; a waved antemedial line angled in- wards on subcostal nervure and vein 1 ; claviform defined by red ; orbicular and reniform defined by red, the former round, the latter with annulus formed of red-defined spots ; medial line oblique from Fig. 50.— Hi/droeciodesalala, (^ . \. costa to lower angle of cell, then inwardly oblique ; postmedial lino brown, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oVdique; subtermiual line excurved below costa and at middle, angled inwards at veins 5 and 2, the area beyond it suffused with brown ; the veins with dark streaks towards termen ; a tine dark terminal lino. Hind wing pale yellow, tho veins towards termen and terminal area tinged with red ; the underside with curved postmedial lino. 256 NOCTUID^. Hah. Mexico City (Hoecje), 1 c? type, Godman-Salvin Coll. Exp. 32 millim. Subsp. 1. Abdomen dark red-brown ; fore wing with three white spots on lower part of reniform ; the area in, beyond, and above end of cell suffused with brown ; hind wing suffused with brown in male, darker in female. Hab. Mexico, Jalapa (Trvjillo), 1 c? , 1 $ , Godman-Salvin Coll. 1490. Hydrceciodes azteca. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 5.) Hydrcecia azteca, Scliaus, ined. Head and thorax orange mixed with brown ; palpi brown ; tegulse brown edged with orange ; patagia orange edged with brown ; tarsi brown with pale bands ; abdomen brown, the ventral surface whitish irrorated with brown and the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing orange-yellow thickly irrorated with rufous ; the veins streaked with brown ; a waved subbasal rufous line from costa to submedian fold ; an oblique waved antemedial line defiued by yellow on inner side; claviform defined by brown; orbicular and reniforra moderate, defined by brown and with white points on their annuli ; a promi- nent oblique slightly curved medial line ; postmedial line somewhat dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved, some yellow points beyond it on costa ; sub- terminal line angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the area beyond it purplish brown except at apex ; cilia dark brown. Hind wing ochreous white tinged with brown, especially on inner and terminal areas ; the underside ochreous, the costal area irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and postmedial line on costal half. Hah. Mexico, Jalapa, type t c? in Coll. Schaus ; Orizaba, 1 5 • Ex'p. 38 millim. 1491. Hydrceciodes cauta. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 6.) Hydracia cauta, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 235 (1903). Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown, the vertex of head with some ochreous, the tegulae with some red ; legs irrorated with ochreous, the tibia? and tarsi ringed with ochreous ; abdomen with some ochreous in anal tuft, the ventral surface irrorated with ochreous. Fore wing dark brown, almost entirely suffused with deep fiery red ; a dark waved antemedial line ; reniform small, ochreous white with fiery -red centre ; postmedial line minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, somewhat dentate at median nervure. then oblique, some ochreous points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line red, defined by a dark shade on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing fuscous brown with a yellowish tinge ; cilia pale with a dark line through them and pinkish tips; the underside pale, thickly irrorated with dark brown, the costal area tinged with purplish pink, a black discoidal spot and curved strigiform post- medial line. Hah. Costa Rica, 1 $,typet $ in Coll. Schaus; J i" Coll. Joannis. Exp. 30 millim. HTDKffiClODES. — TIRACOLA. 257 1492. Hydroeciodes leucopis, n. sp. (Plate XCII. fig. 1.) cJ. Head and thorax rufous ; antennae ringed with white towards base ; abdomen grey-brown, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing brown, the interspaces suffused with fiery red ; an indistinct waved antemedial line ; claviform absent ; orbicular an ill-defined brown, spot with two white points on it ; reniform elliptical, pure white defined by brown and with small brown centre ; postmedial line very indistinct, somewhat dentate, and with some white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some ochreous points beyond it on costa ; traces of a pale waved subterminal line ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing ochreous suffused with brown ; the underside paler, the costal area thickly irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hah. Peru, Huancabamba, 1 S type. Kvp. 30 millim. 1493. Hydroeciodes leucogramma, n. sp. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 7.) 2 . Head and thorax purplish pink tinged with brown ; pectus and legs grey-brown ; abdomen greyish fuscous, the extremity tinged wirh pink, the dorsal crest tipped with white. Fore wing pur[)lish pink ; the veins black-brown ; the area beyond the cell suff"used with black-brown ; the subracdian interspace and base of inner margin yellow thickly irrorated with fiery red ; an indistinct oblique waved antemedial line angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform yellow thickly irrorated with fiery red, the former round, the latter with punctiform white line on its lower and outer sides and point at its upper inner angle ; medial line represented by a striga from costa and an oblique waved line from beyond lower angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line strongly den- tate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved; subterminal line white, obsolescent towards costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly incurved below vein 3. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the underside rather paler, with slight discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hah. Brazil, Kio Janeiro, 1 $ type. Organ Mts., Tijuca (-S. R. Wagner), 2 2 ; Paraguay, Meva Germania. Exp. 30 millim. Genus TIRACOLA. Type. Tiracola, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 3al plugiaia. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the 2nd joint tliiekly snaled, the 3rd short, oblique ; frona smootli ; eyes large, rounded ; antennaj of niaie ciliated ; head and thorax clothed witli hair and a few scales, tlie prothorax with triangular ridge-like crest, the nietathorax with spreading crest ; abdomen rather dorsally flattened, with rough hair at base and dorsal crests on basul Begmeuts. P'ore wing with the apex somewhat produced, the termen obliquely curved and the cilia crenulate ; veins o and 5 iVoni near angle of cell ; (3 iroin upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form tlie areole; 11 from cell. Hind wing with the cell short; vein 2 from near angle; .3, 4 stalked ; 6 obsolescent from luiddlo of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle or shortly stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. VOL. V. B 258 NOCTUIDiE. 1494. Tiracola plagiata. Agrotis plagiata, Wlk. xi. 740 (1857) ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii. p. 34. pi. 148, ff. 1, 1 a ; Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 282 ; Druce, Biol. Oentr.-Am., Het. i. p. 286, pi. xxvii. f. 14. Agrotis plagifera,'W\'k. xi. 741 (1857). Agrotis spectahilis, Wlk. xxxii. 704 (1865). Agrotis grandirena, Herr.-Schaff. Corresp.-Blatt Eegensb. 1868, p. 149. Head and thorax varying from ochraceous or greyish, sometimes with an olive tinge, to ferruginous ; palpi black except at tips ; some black scales near upper edge of patagia ; tibiae irrorated with black ; tarsi blackish with pale rings ; abdomen fuscous brown, the ventral surface rufous irrorated with black, a sublateral series of black points. Fore wing varying from pale ochreous or greyish to rufous, brown or purple-brown, sometimes tinged with olive, and sparsely irrorated uith black ; subbasal line sometimes represented by black points on costa and in cell, the antemedial line by black points on costa and veins sometimes connected by a faint waved line, excurved from costa to vein 1 ; claviform absent ; orbicular represented by part Fig. 51. — Tiracola plagiata, cj". \. (From Moths Ind. vol. ii.) of the whitish annulus or absent ; reniform large, whitish defined by black and its centre defined by black, its lower part filled in with fuscous or wholly filled in with fuscous ; a more or less prominent medial line, oblique from costa to median nervure, then waved ; postmedial line double and oblique from costa to vein 7, then repre- sented by a series of black points on the veins sometimes connected by a crenulate line, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; in the darker specimens, the apical part of costal area paler or grey; subterminal line ochreous defined on each side by brown, indistinct towards costa, angled outwards at vein 7, incurved to vein 4, excurved to submedian fold and bent outwards to tornus, a dark point on its inner side above vein 5, the area beyond it often darker except at apex ; a terminal series of black points usually present ; cilia with fine ochreous line at base, some black in the crenulations. Hind wing whitish more or less suffused with brown, the terminal area darker ; cilia whitish; the underside whitish, the costal area tinged with brown aud irrorated with black, a slight discoidal point, TIRACOLA. — CHABUATA. 259 indistinct sinuous postmedial line or series of points on the veins and some terminal points. Ab. 1. Hind wing uniform ochreous white. New Guinea. Uah. Mexico, Jalapa (TrujiUo), 2 $, Misantla (2ViyiZ?o), 1 §, Coatepec (Brooks), 1 5 , Godman-Salvin Coll. ; Cuba, Matangas (Schaus), 1 c? , 1 $ ; Paraguay, Sapucay (Foster), I d miWiva. This species is unknown to me. 1507. Chabuata albicosta. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 13.) Aletia albicosta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 97(1882). Leucania pall idlcodu, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 276 (1894). Head and thorax bright rufous ; some black scales near upper edge of patagia ; abdomen brown tinged with purplish red, paler at base. Fore wing bright rufous irrorated with black, and with numerous brown striae ; the costal edge whitish ; the veins usually finely streaked with white ; a white point at lower angle of cell with more or less fuscous beyond it ; orbicular and reniform in- distinct, small, ochreous, the former round ; postmedial line repre- sented by a curved series of black points on the veins ; subterminal line very obscurely defined by the area beyond it being slightly darker, arising obliquely from apex, excurved at middle ; cilia whitish at tips. Hind wing pale tinged with fuscous brown, the veins and terminal area suffused with brown ; cilia pinkish, whitish at tips. Underside of fore wing with the median nervure and base of veins arising from it streaked with fuscous ; hind wing pale, the costal and terminal areas tinged with purplish red and irrorated 268 NOCTUID^. ■with black, a discoidal point, postmedial series of slight streaks on the veins and terminal series of points. Hah. W. China, Ta-chien-lu {Pratt), 1 c? , Chia-kou-ho (Pratt), 1 d, 1 2; Punjab, Kulu, Siiltanpur (G. Yomuj), IS, I ?, Simla {Harford), ] $, Dharmsala (Hockinrj), 2 S , 5$; Sikhim ; Cetlon, Pundaloya {Green), 1 $ , Exp. 40-48 millim. 1508. Chabuata fraterna. Aletia fraterna, Moore, P. Z. S. 1S8S, p. 410 ; Butl. 111. Het. B. M. vii. p. 50, pi. 126. f. y ; Hmpsn. Mollis Ind. ii. p. 276. S ' Head and thorax purplish red, the hairs slightly tipped with grey ; abdomen purplish red. Fore wing purplish red ; the costal edge whitish ; the veins finely streaked with whitish ; no distinct white point at lower angle of cell ; stigmata and postmedial series of points absent. Hind wing pale purplish red slightly tinged with fuscous except towards inner margin ; cilia white at tips. Underside of both wings purplish red irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal spot and postmedial spot on costa of fore wing. Hub. Punjab, Dharmsiila (Hocl-ing), 1 S type. Exp. 46 millim. *1509. Chabuata inanis. Leucania inanis, Oberth. !6t. Ent. v. p. 70, pi. iii. f. 4 (1880) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 193. $ , Head and thorax grey, tinged with purplish red and mixed with brown ; abdomen greyish tinged with purplish brown. Fore wing greyish, suffused with purplish red and irrorated with dark brown ; the veins streaked with white ; a dark antemedial line oblique from costa to median nervure, then erect and slightly sinuous ; a whitish mark on lower discocellulars : postmedial line dark, very minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being very slightly darker, arising from apex, incurved at discal and submedian folds, excurved at middle; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pale uniformly suffused with brown ; cilia pale tinged with purplish pink ; the underside grey tinged with purplish pink and irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and some points on termen. Hah. E. Siberia, Ussuri, Askold I. ; Japan, Nikko in Coll. Piingeler. Exp. 40 millim. 1510. Chabuata rufipennis. Mythimna rufipennis, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) i. p, 79 (1878); id. 111. Het. B. M. ii. p. 21, pi. 28. f. 6 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 194. Leucania semicircida, Gras. Berl. ent. Zeit. 1888, p. 349. Head and thorax purplish red mixed with grey ; abdomen pale rufous, tinged with purplish red towards extremity and on ventral surface. Fore wing pale rufous, thickly striated with purplish red CHABUATA. 269 and irrorated with black ; costal edge fuscous ; a more or less prominent fuscous antemedial line obliquely carved from cost a to submedian fold, then oblique ; faint traces of a yellowish dis- coidal lunule and of a dark point at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line usually distinct, fuscous, with v.races of dentitions, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then bent outwards ; subterminal line represented by a slight oblique shade from termen below apex. Hind wing fuscous brown with a slight purplish-red tinge, the cilia purplish red. Underside purplish red irrorated with black ; fore wing with the disk suffused with fuscous leaving a j-ellowish discal bar, a straight dark postmedial line ; hind wing with the inner area pale yellow, a discoidal point. Hah. Amitrland, Ussuri, 1 S ; Japan, Yokohama {Jonas, Manley), 2 2 type, Oiwake (Pnjer), 3 J , 3 $ ; Corea, Gensan (Leech), 1 $ . Ex2y. 30-44 millim. *1511. Chabuata ociosa. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 14.) Cekena ociosa, Dogn. Ann. Soc. Ent. Beige, xli. p. 410 (1897). (^ . Head and thorax yellowish brown mixed with fuscous ; abdomen greyish ochreons irrorated with black especially on dorsum. Fore wing greyish ochreons with a slight rufous tinge and irrorated with Idack ; a double curved blackish subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a double, waved, antemedial line ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular round, defined by black ; reniform a narrow black-edged lunule, its inner edge some- what thickened at middle and with a white spot beyond it, with small spots above and below it, each edged with black ; the postmedial line double, minutely waved and with a series of points beyond it on the veins, strongly bent outwards below costa, incurved below vein 4 ; some ochreons points on apical part of costa ; the sub- terminal line greyish, defined by black points on each side of it, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the area beyond it rather darker. Hind wing pale, the veins and terminal half suffused with fuscous brown ; the underside irrorated with brown, a small black discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Ecuador, Loja, type f c? in Coll. Dognin. Exjy. 24 millim. 1512. Chabuata amoeba, n. sp. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 15.) 5 . Head and thorax clothed with pale and black- brown hair ; abdomen ochreous brown. Fore wing grey irrorated with fuscous ; subbasal line waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial lino irregularly waved ; claviform represented by a short black streak ; orbicular and reniform with brownish centres and white annuli defined by black, the former rounded, the latter with its upper ])art produced to a long point and its lower slightly angled inwards on median nervure, situated on a large diffused black pat-ch 270 NOCTUID^. extending to below cell and to costa near apex ; an oblique waved medial line from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line rather indistinct, strongly dentate, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; subterminal line whitish defined by fuscous on. inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous ; the underside with traces of curved postmedial line. Hah. Bk. E. Africa, Ngonini, 1 $ , Eb Urru (Betton), 3 $ type. Exj). 34 miUim. *1513. Chabuata albimargo. (Plate XC. fig. 2.) Orthodes alhimargo, Guen. Noct. i. p. 373 (1852). S . Head and thorax red-brown mixed with, grey ; abdomen grey-brown, the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing grey, suffused with red-brown and thickly irrorated with dark brown, the inner margin narrowly white from autemedial line to tornus ; sub- basal line indistinct, curved, from cesta to submedian fold, a small black spot beyond it in cell ; antemedial line defined by whitish on inner side, curved ; claviform absent ; orbicular and reniform large, brown with whitish annuli slightly defined by brown ; a fuscous medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell where it is angled; postmedial line double, filled in with greyish, the outer line most prominent, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 5, then incurved, a series of dark points beyond it on the veins ; subterminal line ochreous defined by red-brown on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; the veins of terminal area with fine pale streaks ; a series of dark points just before termeu, a fine waved dark terminal line. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia ochreous whitish ; the underside pale, thickly irrorated with brown, a small discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. BE.iziL, typet c5' in Coll. Oberthiir. Exp. 44 millim. 1514. Chabuata dulcinea. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 16.) Caradrina dulcinea, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1882, p. 125. Head and thorax pale red-brown, some of the hairs tipped with white ; palpi tinged with fuscous at sides ; abdomen pale red- brown, sometimes tinged with purplish. Pore wing pale red-brown slightly suffused with purple ; a small white-tipped black tuft of hair at base ; an indistinct pale waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, filled in with greyish, angled outwards below costa, then waved, oblique, bent inwards to inner margin ; orbicular and reniform well developed, with yellowish or whitish annuli, the former round, the latter with its lower part filled in with black ; a diffused medial line oblique from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line double, minutely dentate and produced to black and white points on the veins, bent outwards CHABUATA. 271 below costa, exeurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line ochreous defined by red- brown on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and exeurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia rufous ; the underside pale suffused with purplish red and irrorated with white and fuscous, a more or less developed black streak in cell, prominent discoidal spot and minutely waved postmedial line. Hah. Chili (Edmonds), 1 d" , 1 $ type, Mulchen (Elwes\ 1 d • Exj)- 36 millim. *1515. Chabuata subsocia. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 17.) TcBniocampa subaocia, Wlk. x. 430 (1856). J . Head and thorax pale grey-brown ; palpi and frons black at sides ; tegulas rufous at tips ; thoracic crest tipped with rufous ; tarsi blackish with pale rings ; abdomen fuscous, the anal tuft pale brownish, the ventral surface ochreous-white tinged with pink. Fore wing pale grey-brown with some dark brown irroration ; an in- distinct double, waved, subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; some brown on inner margin before the indistinct, double, waved antemedial line, exeurved in submedian interspace, with a black spot on its inner edge on vein 1 and a brown spot before it below vein 1 ; reniform narrow, its edges nearly parallel, open above, with pale annulus and its centre defined by brown, a black point in its lower portion ; postmedial line ill-defined, double, dentate and produced to black points on the veins ; subterminal line pale, defined on inner side by fuscous on costal area, angled outwards at vein 7, then defined on each side by brown, exeurved at middle and with black spot on its outer side above inner margin ; a ter- minal series of small blackish lunules. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia ochreous ; the underside pale brownish irrorated with dark brown, a black discoidal. spot and sinuous postmedial line with dark strise at the veins. Hab. Brazil, Petropolis. &_^. 44 millim. Type f d in Mus. Oxon. *1516. Chabuata albirena. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 18.) Noctua albirena, Guen. Noct. i. p. 335 (1852). 2 . Head and thorax purplish red-brown ; abdomen grey-brown, the ventral surface tinged with ochreous. Fore wing purplisli red-brown; subbasal line indistinct, almost straight, from costa to vein 1 ; a dark shade before the antemedial line, which is in- distinct and waved ; a patch of brown suffusion in, below, and beyond end of cell, with the largo triangular white reniform spot placed on it ; a slight diffused line from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line minutely waved, strongly bent outwards below costa, exeurved to vein 4, then incurved, some 272 N0CTT7IDJE. white points beyond it on costa ; the subterminal line represented by a series of white points, angled outwards at vein 7 and cxcurved at middle, with a small dentate black spot before the point above vein 5 ; a fine ])alc line at base of cilia, which are pinkish. Hind wing oehreous brown, paler towards base and inner margin ; cilia pinkish ; underside pale, the costal and terminal areas suffused with pinkish brown, a slight discoidal point and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Brazil, New Fribourg, type f in Coll, Oberthiir. Exp. 44 millim. *1517. Chabuata ampla. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 19.) Chahuata ampla, Wlk. xiv. 1034 (1857). 5 . Head and thorax fuscous brown, the scales tipped with grey ; abdomen grey-brown with a slight oehreous tinge. Fore wing fuscous brown suffused with silvery grey ; faint traces of a curved antemedial lino ; orbicular hardly visible, round, with a deep red point on its upper edge ; reniforra an oehreous spot with points above and below it and some deep red on its edges ; an indistinct dark medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell ; post- medial line represented by a faint double curved series of dark points ; subterminal line only represented by some red scales and a spot above vein 6 ; a slight series of points just before termen. Hind wing fuscous ; the cilia oehreous white ; the underside oehreous white thickly irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and sinuous punctiform postmedial line. Hab. Brazil, type f $ i'l Mus. Oxon. Exp. 54 millim. 1518. Chabuata major. l^odua major, Guen. Noct. i. p. 334 (1852). Graphiphora maja, Wlk. x. 401 (1856). Head and thorax dull red-brown, deep red-brown, purple-brown, or olive-brown, sometimes slightly irrorated with white, and the dorsal crests sometimes pale rufous ; spurs ringed with wliite ; abdomen oehreous or grey-brown, the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing red-brown or dull brown suffused with greyish or purplish; an indistinct, double, waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an indistinct double, minutely waved antemedial line, bent inwards to costa and incurved in cell ; orbicular round with very indistinct grey annulus, sometimes with grey points at sides ; reniform with obscure grey annulus, sometimes with four white points on its edges, the outer part of centre with grey or olive lunule ; medial shade usually distinct, oblique from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line more or less distinctly double, dentate and with series of black points on outer line, excurved from costa to vein 4 then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; fiubterminal line indistinct, pale, angled outwards at vein 7 and CU.VBtJATA. 273 with small black spot in its angle, exciirved at middle and some- times with some small grey and black dentate marks on its inner side ; a series of black or black and white points just before termeu ; cilia rufous or with rufous line at base. Hind wing Fig. .55. — Chahuafa major, cf. \. fuscous brown with an ochreous tinge; cilia ocbreous ; the under- side ochreous, tbe costal area tinged with reddish brown ; a dark discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Brazil, New Fribourg, type t c? in Coll. Oberthiir, Rio Janeiro, Id", 2 2 ; Paraguay, Sapucay (Foster), 2 d , 1 5 > Argentina, Goya (Perrins), 1 c? , 1 $ . Exp. 50-56 millim, 1519. Chabuata rectilinea, n. sp. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 20.) 5 . Head and thorax reddish brown, some of the scales tipped with grey, the dorsal crest redder ; antennae with the shaft whitish towards base ; pectus rufous ; the legs browner irrorated with white ; abdomen pale brown, the anal tuft and ventral surface rufous. Fore wing dull reddish brown thickly irrorated with brownish ochreous ; a small black tuft at base ; no trace of sub- basal line ; antemedial line fuscous defined by ochreous on inner side, slightly sinuous, oblique from costa to median nervure ; orbicular and reniform finely defined by ochreous, the former round, the latter large, its upper part somewhat produced and its outer part filled in with ochreous ; traces of a medial shade oblique from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line ochreous, bent inwards to costa, then oblique and slightly incurved towards inner margin, a series of black points beyond it on veins 6 to 1 ; the postmedial area slightly tinged with purplish ; the subterminal line ochreous, slightly angled outwards at vein 7, above and below which there are black spots on its inner side, slightly angled inwards at discal fold, then excurved and with some black points on its inner side, the area beyond it thickly irrorated with ochreous ; a series of black points just before termen. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia pale rufous ; the underside ochreous whitish tinged with purplish red and irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hab. Argentina, Goya (Perrins), 1 $ type. Exp. 48 millim. TOL. V. T '274 NOCTriDJi. *1520. Chabuata noctuiformis. (Plate XC. fig. 3.) Orthodes noctuiformis, Gueu. ined. 2 . Head and thorax reddish brown tinged with purplish brown ; abdomen ochreous, dorsally suffused with fuscous, the basal crest grey-tipped. Fore wing pale purplish brown, thickly irrorated with fuscous ; a double, waved, subbasal line from costa to sub- median fold ; antemedial line double, the inner obliquely curved, the outer irregularly waved, indistinct ; claviforra absent ; orbicular round, hardly defined except by an ochreous annulus above ; reniform narrow, oblique, ochreous white, the centre defined by brown and with a black point in its lower part; a medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell where it is angled ; postmedial line indistinct, double, the inner line minutely dentate and with series of black and grey points on it, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, the area beyond it slightly darker to the subterminal line, which is very indistinct, pale, with a prominent black spot on it below vein 7 and slight points at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a series of slight points just before terraen connected by a fine waved line ; cilia crenulate. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia ochreous ; the underside grey thickly irrorated with fuscous, a black discoidal spot and slightly sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Brazil, New Fribourg, type t $ in Coll. Oberthiir. Exp. 60 millim. *1521. Chabuata satellitioides. (Plate XC. fig. 4.) Orthodes satellitioides, Giien. Noct. i. p. 372 (1852). 5 . Head and thorax purple-grey ; abdomen brown. Fore wing purple-grey ; subbasal line absent ; two brown well-separated antemedial lines, the inner most prominent and diffused ; claviform and orbicular absent ; a diffused brown medial shade ; reniform represented by a small somewhat quadrate ochreous-white spot ; two well-separated postmedial lines, excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved, the area beyond it tinged with brown to the sub- terminal line, which is angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a series of greyish points just before termen ; cilia strongly crenulate. Hind wing reddish brown, a fine pale line at base of cilia ; the underside grey strongly irrorated with brown, a small discoidal annulus and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Erazil, Xew Friboorg, type f $ in Coll. Oberthiir. Exp. 50 millim. Genus LASIANOBIA, nov. Type, L. lauta. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned, fringed with long hair in front ; frons smooth ; eyes large, rounded. overLung by long cilia ; antenna of male minutely serrate and fasciculate ; head and thorax clothed with hair and }iair-like scales, the pro-ar.d metathorax with spreading crests.; fore tarsi LASIANOBIA. Z,^ with rather slender claw- ike spines on 1st joint. Abdomen with dorsal crests on basal segments. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole, 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from below middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 shortly stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. A. Fore wing with white marks on subterminal line at middle and in submedian interspace lauta. B. Fore wine without white marks on subterminal line decreta. *1522. Lasianobia lauta. Mamestra lauta, Piing. Iris, xiii. p. 119 (190U) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 254, add. Head and thorax grey-brown with a reddish tinge ; abdomen grey tinged with brown and irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing grey-brown, with a purpHsh tinge and glossy texture ; a slight curved black streak below base of cell ; the subbasal line repre- sented by a black point on costa ; antemedial line indistinct, with Fig. 56. — Lasianobia lauta, (^ . \. an oblique black striga at costa, irregularly dentate, oblique, connected with postmedial line by a black streak on inner margin ; claviform small or minute, indistinctly defined by black with some white scales on it ; orbicular and reniform moderate, with yellowish- white annuli incompletely defined by black, the former rounded ; postmedial line rather indistinct, slightly defined by grey on outer side, with black point at costa and striga at inner margin, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line indistinct, with yellowish-white marks on it at middle and submedian fold, defined on inner side by rufous suffusion and small dentate dark marks at middle and submedian fold, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; traces of some terminal black lunules sometimes present ; cilia brown with a grey line through them. Hind wing grey nearly uniformly suffused with brown ; the cilia brownish white ; the underside brownish white irrorated with fuscous, a black streak in cell, discoidal luuule and sinuous postmedial line with dark streaks at the veins. Hub. Tibet, Kuku-noor, type f it% Coll. Piingoler. Exp. 42 milHm. 276 NocTuiD-i:. ♦1523. Lasianobia decreta. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 21.) Mamestra decreta, Piing. Iris, xii. p. 292, pi. 9. f. 7 (1900) ; Staud. Oat. Lep. pal. p. 159. (^ . Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with red-brown ; tarsi with pale rings. Fore wing grey tinged and irrorated with brown, the area in, below, and beyond cell from antemedial to subterminal line suffused with rufous ; a black streak below base of cell ; antemedial line waved, strongly angled inwards in cell ; claviform minute, greyish defined by black ; the median nervure and veins arising from it streaked with grey on medial area ; orbicular and reniform grey defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, with smaller spot below it on base of vein 2, the latter oblique and with its lower extremity produced ; postmedial line rather indistinct and somewhat dentate, bent outwards below costa, obliquely excurved to vein 4, then oblique, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, angled outwards on vein 7 and slightly dentate on veins 4, 3 ; a fine terminal black line. Hind wing grey uniformly suffused with fuscous brown ; the cilia pale ; tlie underside grey irrorated with fuscous, a dis- coidal spot, sinuous postmedial line, and some dark striae on termen. $ less tinged with rufous, some fuscous suffusion beyond lower extremity of reniform. Hnh. Tibet, Kuku-noor, type t in Coll. Piingeler. Exp. 36 millim. Genus MA.NOBIA. Manohia, Staud. Iris, viii. p. 317 (18U.5) xena. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, fringed with liair in front ; frons smooth, rounded ; eyes large, rounded ; autennte of male minutely serrate ; head and thorax clothed entirely with hair and hair-like scales ; the pro- and metatliorax with spreading crests ; fore tarsi with curved claws on outer side of one or more joints ; abdomen with dorsal crest on basal segment only. Fore wing with veins 3 and 6 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from just below middle of disco- cell ulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. A. Fore wing with wedge-shaped dark patch below base of cell, the medial area suffused with rufuus xena. B. Fore wing without wedge-shnped dark patch below base of cell, the medial area not suffused with rufous .. grisea. 1524. Manobia xena. Manohia xena, Staud. Iris, viii. p. 317, pi. 6. f. 8 (1895) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 161. c7 . Head and thorax red-brown mixed with purplish grey ; abdomen greyish brown, the dorsal crest and anal tuft rufous. MANOBTA. 277 Fore wing rufous suffused with purplish grey, leaving the area in and beyond end of cell and the medial area below submedian fold rufous ; subbasal line waved, from costa to submedian fold ; a wedge-shaped dark brown streak below base of cell ; antemedial line defined by grey on inner side, angled outwards below costa, oblique to vein 1, and bent inwards to inner margin; claviform small, very indistinctly defined by brown ; orbicular and reniform with brownish centres and grey anuuli defined by brown, the former Fig. 57. — Manobia xena, (S . \. round, the latter slightly angled inwards on median nervure ; post- medial line double, filled in with grey, minutely waved, slightly bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; sub- terminal line grey defined by brown on each side and with a brown patch with pale points on it before it on costa, minutely waved, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a fine waved terminal line. Hind wing pale brown, the veins and a fine terminal lino darker ; cilia brownish white ; the underside pale pinkish irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Fore tarsi with curved claws on outer side of 1st joint, Eah. Tibet, Kuku-noor, 1 c? , Amdo. Exp. 40 millim. 1525. Manohia grisea. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 22.) Alyssia grisea, Butl. A. M. N. H. i'5) i. p. 82 (1878). cJ . Head and thorax reddish brown, some of the scales tipped with grey ; abdomen pale ochreous brown. Fore wing ochreous brown tinged with greyish ; subbasal line indistinct, double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line indistinct, double, waved, oblique ; orbicular and reniform very indistinct, pale ; an indistinct curved medial shade ; postmedial line indistinct, double, waved, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some whitish points beyond it on costa ; the terminal area rather darker, with traces of subterminal line angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle ; a terminal lunulate line. Hind wing brownish ochreous, the terminal area rather darker ; the underside with indistinct, diffused, subterminal band. Hah. Japan, Yokohama {Jonas)^ 1 S type. Exp. 54 millim. 278 NOCTUIDJ!. Genus HYSSIA. ^ Hyssia, Qaen. Noct. i. p. 345 (1852) cavernosa. Aii/sia, Guen. Ent. Mo. Mag. \. p. 3 (18(J8) nullifera. Ulolonche, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 471 (1887) niveiguttata. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the 2nd joint fringed with hair in front, the 3rd short with small tuft of hair in front ; frons smooth ; eyes large, rounded; antennae typically minutely ciliated ; head and thorax roughly clothed with scales mixed with some hair, the pro- and metathorax with spreading crests ; tibiie fringed with long hair ; abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st segment, some rough hair at base and lateral tufts of hair. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with reins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from just below middle of disco- cellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. Sect. I. (Alt/ssia). Antennae of male serrate and fasciculate. A. Fore wing with the ground-colour greenish grey. a. Fore wing with series of yellow points on the lines ... griseipennis. b. Fore wing without series of yellow points on the lines... inconstans. B. Fore wing with the ground-colour grey-brown. a. Fore wing without black streak from claviform to post- medial line. a}. Fore wing with the terminal area not paler than ground-colour. a^. Fore wing with the lines distinct. a^. Fore wing largely suffused with grey ; hind wing with the cilia pale. , a*. Fore wing with the ground-colour pale reddish brown cucidlina. b^. Fore wing with the ground-colour fuscous brown moderata. b^. Fore wing slightly irrorated with grey ; hind wing with the cilia brown with pale tips s^nlnthistis, b^. Fore wing with the lines almost obsolete nullifera. 6\ Fore wing with the terminal area paler than the ground-colour senatoria. b. Fore wing with black streak from claviform to post- medial line giissaia. 1526. Hyssia griseipennis. Mamestra griseipennis, Feld. Eeis. Nov. pi. 109. f. 22 (1874) ; Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 9, pi. iv. f. 8. Chera virescens, Butl. Cist. Ent. ii. p. 489 (1879). $ . Head and thorax olive-brown slightly irrorated with white ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen grey-brown. Foi'e wing grey-green irrorated with white ; subbasal line double at costa, waved, ending in an ochreous mark above vein 1 ; a slight ochreous streak above inner margin near base ; antemedial line indistinct, double, waved, angled inwards on median nervure and vein 1, with some ochreous on it ; the stigmata defined by black and with some ochreous scales on them ; the claviform small, the orbicular round, open above ; an indistinct dentate medial line angled outwards at middle ; post- medial line defined by ochreous on outer side, dentate and produced HYSSIA, 279 to black and white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line ochreous defined on inner side by an obscure series ot dentate fuscous marks, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle, and angled inwards in sub- median fold; cilia ochreous and grey. Hind wing fuscous brown; the cilia ochreous, pale at tips ; the underside pale fuscous irrorated and suffused with white, a slight discoidal lunule and curved post- medial line. Hab. New Zealand, N. Island, Wellington, S. Island, Nelson Province, Mt, Arthur, Otago (Hatton), 1 $ typo viresccns. Exp. 50 millim. 1527. Hyssia mconstans. (Plato LXXXV. fig. 23.) Spmlotis inconstaiis, Eutl. Cist. Ent. ii. p. 545 (1880). Head and thorax grey and brown mixed ; abdomen greyish brown. Pore wing grey with a very slight orange tinge and black irroration ; subbasal line represented by double striae from costa and cell ; antemedial line very indistinct, double, waved, oblique ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former round, open above and below, the latter open above ; postmedial line rather indistinct, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line represented by a series of grey and black dentate marks, slightly angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle, and angled inwards in submedian fold ; a ter- minal series of black points ; cilia brownish. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia pale ; the underside grey-white with slight discoidal lunule and traces of curved postmedial line. Hah. New Zealai^d, Marlborough (Skellon), 1 § type, (J. J. Walker) 1 c? • Exjy. 40 millim. 1528. Hyssia cucullina. (Plate LXXX. fig. 27.) Xylocampa cucuUlna. Gucn. Eat. Mo. Mag. v. p. 40 (1868) ; Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 27, pi. v. f. 23. rj . Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with brown ; tarsi with pale ilngs. Pore wing ochreous grey irrorated and suffused with brown ; subbasal line double filled in with grey, waved, from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line double filled in with grey, waved ; claviform very small, slightly defined by black ; orbicular atid reniform moderate, with greyish anunli incompletely defined by black, the former round ; traces of a diffused waved medial line ; postmedial line indistinctly double filled in with grey, dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, ex- curved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line ochreous whitish, irregular, angled out-: wards at vein 7 and somewhat dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal •series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia pale with a brown lino through them : the underside whitish strongly 230 NOCTUID^. irrorated with fuscous, a slight discoidal lunule and curved post- medial line. Hah. Kew Zealand {Enys, Mathcw), 3 c? , Mt. Arthur, Rakaia. Kvp. 40 millim, 1529, Hyssia moderata. Agrotis moderata, Wlk. xxxii. 705 (1865); Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 9. Eumichtis sistens, Guen. Ent. Mo, Mag. v. p. 39 (1868), Agrotis mitis, Butl. P, Z. S. 1877, p. 383, pi. 42. f. 5. Head and thorax grey mixed with brown ; abdomen brownish grey. Fore wing brownish grey thickly irrorated with fuscous ; subbasal line represented by black strije from costa and cell slightly defined by grey on outer side ; antemedial line indistinct, double, filled in with grey, irregularly dentate ; claviform obsolete or small and slightly defined by fuscous ; orbicular and reniform with greyish annuli defined by fuscous, the former round or somewhat elongate elliptical ; a medial shade oblique towards costa and somewhat dentate below the cell ; postmedial line slightly defined by grey on / Pig, 58, — Hyssia moderata, (^ . {. outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some w^hite points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line formed by a series of small grey and fuscous dentate marks angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown, the basal half paler in male ; cilia white, yellowish or brownish at base ; the underside grey-white with slight discoidal lunule, curved postmedial lino, and diffused terminal band. Ab. 1. mitis. Much greyer ; fore wing with the markings indistinct except the medial shade. Ilah. New Zealand (J. J. Walker), 3 c? , Auckland (Oxleij), 1 d" , 1 5 type, {Enys) 3 cJ type mitis, Otago {Mutton) 1 d" 1 $ , {Maihew) 2S,^2, Duncdin {Purdie) 1 S • Ex^. 36-40 millim. 1530. Hyssia sminthistis, n. sp. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 17.) cf . Head and thorax dark brown slightly irrorated with grey ; abdomen brown. Fore wing dark brown slightly irrorated with grey; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line indistinct, double, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform absent ; orbicular and reniform small, indistinct, HTSSIA. 281 with obscure grey annuli ; postmedial line very indistinct, double, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line very indistinct, whitish, inter- rupted, excurved slightly at vein 7 and middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing dark brown ; cilia brown with fine pale line at base and whitish tips; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and traces of a curved postmedial line. Hah. New Zealand {Matthew), 1 S type. Ea-p. 38 millim. 1531. Hyssia nullifera. Agrof.is nullifera, Wlk. xi. 742 (1857) ; Butl. Voy. Erebus & Terror, pi. ix. f. 5; Hudson's New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 9, pi. iv. f. 9 and pi. ii.f. 11. Alysia specifica, Guen. Ent. Mo. Mag. v. p. 3 (1868). Head and thorax grey and pale reddish brown mixed ; abdomen pale ochreous brown. Fore wing pale grey-brown with a reddish tinge ; traces of a postmedial line dentate and produced to rather ;^^' Fig. 59. — Hyssia nullifera, J . \. more distinct points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; traces of a curved subterminal series of white points in the interspaces. Hind wing pale brown with a slight ochreous tinge. Ilab. New Zealand (Earl), 1 c? type, {Matthew) 1 ? , ( J^. J. Walker) 1 $ , N. Island, Taupo,Wellington, S. Island, Mount Arthur, Christchurch, Rakaia. Exp. 62 millim. Larva stout, bright yellowish brown, much paler below and thickly irrorated with white ; dorsal line slight ; subdorsal and lateral lines dull brown with a series of elongate white spots below each ; spiracles and dorsal surface of posterior somites black. Food- plant, Aciphylla squarrosa, one larva feeding in centre of each tussock. 5. *lo32. Hyssia senatoria. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 24.) Mamestra senatoria, Suiitli, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxii. p. 4G1 (1900) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 156, cJ . Head and thorax clothed with dark brown and greyish hair 282 noctuid.t:. and scales; tarsi with pale rings; abdomen ochreous brown, the ventral surface dark brown mixed with ochreous. Fore wing grey- brown, almost entirely suffused with fuscous but leaving tlie terminal area lirominently paler ; subbasal and antemedial lines double filled in with pale colour, waved, the former from costa to vein 1, the latter rather oblique ; claviform minute, incompletely defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former round, the latter whitish with some browu in centre and slightly concave towards base ; medial line minutely waved, angled at median nervure; postmedial line double, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line pale, defined on inner side by a series of dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the pale area beyond it traversed by obscure black streaks above and below vein 5 ; a terminal series of small black lunulas ; cilia blackish intersected with greyish. Hind wing fuscous brown, the basal area paler ; cilia ochreous white with a dark line through them ; the underside pale tinged with ochreous and irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal spot and sinuous post- medial line. Hah. U.S.A., Arizona, in U.S. Nat. Mus. Exp. 34 millini. 1533. Hyssia gussata. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 25.) Mamestra gussata. Smith, Ent. News Pbilad. vi. p. 337, pi. xv. f. 9 (1895) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 152. (S . Head and thorax grey mixed with brown, some black scales near upper edge of patagia ; tarsi fuscous ringed with white ; abdomen ochreous brown, the dorsal crest grey and brown, the ventral surface grey irrorated with brown. Fore wing brownish grey irrorated and suffused with purjjlish fuscous ; subbasal line represented by double striae from costa and cell, the latter with curved black mark on inner side running to base ; the antemedial line black detiaed by whitish on inner side, angled outwards and interrupted below costa, oblique to submediau fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform small, defined by black and connected by a black streak with postmedial line ; orbicular and reniform large, incompletely defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, the latter with some fuscous in its lower part ; traces of a curved medial shade ; postmedial line indistinctly double, somewhat den- tate and produced to grey and black streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa, incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, with traces of minute dentate black marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of slight black luuules. Hind wing whitish thickly irrorated with brown, a terminal series of dark striae ; cilia white ; the underside with black discoidal lunule and indistinct curved post- medial line. Uah. Canada, Alberta, Calgary (WoUeij-Dod), 1 J. Exj). 42 millim. HYSSIA. 283 Sect, II. Aiiteniii£ of male with long bristles and cilia. A. Head ochreous com'psias. B. Head dark. a. Fore wing with pure white marks on orbicular and reni- form niphadopa. b. Fore wing without white marks on stigmata unthracias. 1534. Hyssia compsias. Leucania compsias, Meyr. Fauna Hawaiiensis, i. p. 139 (1899). S . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale greyish ochreous ; palpi and antennae blackish ; legs tinged with black ; abdomen tinged with fuscous towards extremity. Fore wing grey-white tinged with ochreous, irrorated and in parts suffused with fuscous ; subbasal line dark, waved, from costa to submedian fold, defined by grey on outer side ; some dark brown on costal area before the antemedial line, which is oblique, irregularly waved, defined by grey on inner side ; claviform absent ; orbicular small, white defined by black, oblique elliptical ; reuiform represented by a white bar expanding above and below and defined by black on inner side and two white Fig. 60. — Hi/ssia com2}sias, S • \- points on its outer edge ; a broad diffused medial shade, oblique from costa to lower angle of cell ; postniedial line minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa and obli(]ue below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish defined by fuscous suffusion on inner side, waved, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and inwards in discal fold, excurved at middle ; some dark striaj on termen ; cilia ochreous with dark tips. Hind wing grey, tinged with fuscous on the veins and discal area ; the underside pale grey, the costal area irrorated with dark brown. 2 . Patagia and thorax fuscous brown iirorated with grey ; abdomen grey-brown ; fore wing dark brown with cupreous reflec- tions, the lines defined by pure white, reniform with elongate pure white spot above median nervure from it to orbicular ; hind wing more strongly suffused with fuscous brown. IJah. Hawaii, Kilauea (Perhlns), 1 c? type, Olaa, 1 $ . Exp. 36 millim. 1535. Hyssia niphadopa. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 20.) Lewania 7iiphadopa, Meyr. Fauna Hawaiiensis, i. p. 140 (1899). § . Head and thorax dark brown with a purplish tinge ; tarsi 284 NocruiDjE. with pale rings ; abdomen fuscous brown, greyish at base, the anal tuft with a rufous tinge. Fore wing fuscous brown with a sliglit purplish gloss ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to sub- median fold ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique, retracted to inner margin ; claviform absent ; orbicular a small round pure white spot ; reniform a small round white spot tinged with ochreous, defined above, on inner side and below by white marks and forming an E-shaped mark ; traces of a diffused medial shade ; postmedial line indistinct, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line indistinct, dark, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the underside pale grey-brown, the costal area irrorated with grey. Hah. Hawaii, Olaa, 2000', 1 $ type. Exp. 38 millim. 1536. Hyssia anthracias. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 27.) Leucania anthracias, Meyr. Fauna Hawaiiensis, i. p. 139 (1899). S • Head and thorax dark brown with a purplish tinge, some of the scales tipped with white ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen fuscous brown, the dorsal crest darJv with grey tip, the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing black-brown with a purplish gloss and slightly irrorated with white ; subbasal line indistinct, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line indistinct, double, oblique, waved ; claviform minute, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform very small, with greyish annuli defined by black, the former round ; traces of a medial shade ; postmedial line indistinct, dentate and produced to slight white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of small dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, with a small ochreous mark beyond them in submedian fold. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with whitish. Hab. Hawaii, Haleokala, 9000', 1 d type. Ex}). 40 millim. Sect. III. {Hyssia). Antennse of male minutely ciliated. A. Fore wing with the claviform large, filled in with black- brown cavernosa. B. Fore wing with the claviform small or obsolete. a. Fore wing with the ground-colour grey-brown. a'. Fore wing tinged with violaceous. a-. Fore wing without medial line riolasccns. h'^. Fore, wing with medial line, the area beyond it rather darker. «'. Forewing with the basal half dark purplish grey, modesta. b'^. Fore wing with the basal lialf pale grey. a*. Fore wing with the medial line not angled inwards in submedian fold disticha. b^. Fore wing with the medial line angled in- wards in submedian fold diUrfa. HYSSIA. 285 P.. Fore wing not tinged with violaceous. a^. Fore wing witli the orbicular not connected with the reniform. a^. Fore with the reniform rufous fasciata. b^. Fore wing with the reniform grey with two white points on its lower extremity niveiguttata. b^. Fore wing with the orbicular connected with the reni form orhiculata. Fore wing with the ground-colour grey-white mascidina. 1537. Hyssia cavernosa. Mamestm cavernosa, Ev. Bull. Mosc. 1842, iii. p. 547, pi. 5. f. 3 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 159. Mamestra oniaia, Herr.-SchaflF. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 46, 47 (1845). Head and thorax red-brown slightly mixed with grey-white ; tegulse with dark medial line and whitish tips ; tarsi with white rings ; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing violaceous grey, almost entirely suffused with purple-brown except just before antemedial line and on medial and postmedial areas ; an ochreous-white stripe on inner area narrowing to points near base and termen, and with Fig. 61. — Hyssia cavernosa, (^ . a short black streak above its basal part ; subbasal line grey, nearly straight, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, filled in with grey, nearly straight, from costa to vein 1 ; claviform large, black-browu defined by black ; orbicular and reniform black- brown defined by black, the former small, round, the latter large, with black lunule at centre and its lower part dilated ; an indis- tinct medial shade, oblique from costa to vein 2 ; postmedial line slightly bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond on costa ; subterminal line white, angled outwards at vein 7 and very slightly excurved at middle, a black bar on its inner side below costa and dentate marks at middle ; terminal area brown, with indistinct series of lunules on termen. Hind wing ochreous brown, the cilia pale at tips ; the underside whitish tinged with brown, the costal area suffused with reddish brown, traces of a diffused subterminal band. Ifdh. Austria; Hungary; Switzerland; Italy; S.E.E-ussia, 1 cJ; W. Turkestan, Issyk Kul ; W. Siberia, Altai ; E. Turkestan, Kuldja, 1 d ; Mongolia, Changai Mts. ; E. Siberia, I'ssuri. Exp. 34 millim. 286 NOCTUID^. 1538. Hyssia violascens, u. sp. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 28.) 2 . Head and thorax reddish brown ; abdomen paler. Fore ■wing purplish grey, almost entirely suffused with pale reddish browu to the postmedial line ; antemedial line obli(iue from costa to submedian fold, where it is angled, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform greyish, large, incompletely defined by black scales, the former rather oblique elliptical, the latter with some rufous on it, its outer edge formed by the waved black post- medial line, which is bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, the area beyond it greyer with reddish-brown patch and some pale points on costa and fuscous patches in discal and sub- median folds ; subterminal line indistinct, grey, waved, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle, the veins beyond it with slight dark streaks ; a terminal series of black lunules. Hind wing ochreous whitish, the veins and apical area tinged with brown ; the underside whitish, the costal area tinged with brown, a dark discoidal spot. Bab. N. China, Foochau (Leech), 1 $ type. E.vp. 40 millira. 1539. Hyssia modesta. (Plate LXXXV. fig. 29.) Diantkoecia modesta, Morr. Prec. Bost. Soc. N. H. xvii. p. 114 (1874); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 130. Head, thorax and abdomen purplish grey mixed with dark brown; palpi blackish at sides. Fore wing purple-grey irrorated with dark brown ; the area between the medial and postmedial lines suffused with brown ; subbasal line brown, curved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line oblique, waved ; elaviform obsolete ; orbi- cular small, slightly defined by brown ; reniform very ill-defined, reddish with some black in its lower part and sometimes a white point on its lower outer side ; medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, then slightly angled inwards on submedian fold ; postmedial line slightly waved, excurved from costa to vein () and incurved below vein 4, and with some pale points beyond it on costa; subterminal line represented by a series of small black-brown spots, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle and with a dark mark before it at costa. Hind wing fuscous brown ; cilia grey at tips ; the underside grey thickly irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hah. Canada ; U.S.A., Middle and Central States, New England, Massachusetts, Newtonville (Thaxter), 2 $, New York, Evan's Centre, 1 d . Exp. 28-32 millira. HYSSIA. 287 1540. Hyssia disticha. (riate LXXXV. fig. 30.) Caradrina disticha, Morr. Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. xvii. p. 217 (1874) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 130. J . Head and thorax grey slightly mixed with brown ; palpi with some black at sides ; abdomen ochreous grey irrorated with brown. Fore wing grey sparsely irrorated with brown, the area beyond the medial line suffused with brown ; subbasal line almost obsolete ; antemedial line indistinct, double, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform and orbicular obsolete ; reniform yellowish at middle and with grey annulus defined by brown ; medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, then more erect ; postmedial line double filled in with grey, excurved from costa to vein 5, then incurved ; subter- minal line hardly traceable, greyish, with a dark brown bar before it from costa, then a point and a few scattered scales, angled out- wards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia paler ; the under- side whitish thickly irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal lunule and traces of curved postmedial line. Hub. U.S.A., Texas, 1 S type. Exp. 32 millim. 1541. Hyssia dilecta. (Plate LXXXV. fig, 31.) Perigea dilecta, H. Edw. Papilio, iv. p. 123 (1884) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 154. Head and thorax grey mixed with brown and tinged with flesh- colour ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen greyish ochreous irrorated with brown. Fore wing pale grey with a purplish-flesh tinge and slight brown irroration ; subbasal and antemedial lines indistinct, waved, the former from costa to submedian fold, the latter oblique; claviform and orbicular absent ; medial line oblique from costa to median nervure, then angled inwards in submedian fold, some brownish suftusion beyond it ; reniform rufous in male, greyish in female, defined by black and with some white points round its lower half; postmedial line indistinct, bent outwards beloAV costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, the costa beyond it fuscous with some pale points on it ; subterminal line indistinct, greyish with some slight black points on its inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle ; some slight black points on termen. Hind wing brown with an ochreous tinge, paler towards base ; the \inderside pale, the costal and terminal areas tinged and irrorated with brown, a curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, l^, Grand Junction (OsZar), 3d" , 1 $ , Arizona. Exp. 34 millim. 288 NocTuiDji:. *lo42. Hyssia fasciata, (Plate LXXXV. fig. 32.) hlolonche fasdata,'&xn\\h., Pr. U.S. Naf,. Mus. x. p. 471 (1887); id. Cat. Noct. N'. Am. p. 130. cJ . Head and thorax bluish grey mixed with fuscous ; abdomen ochreous irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing grey tinged with blue and irrorated with fuscous, the area beyond the medial line suffused with fuscous ; subbasal line black, curved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line ill-defined, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 and outwards above inner margin ; claviforra a rather wedge-shaped black streak extending to the diffused oblique black medial line ; orbicular absent ; reniform rufous with some black suffusion before and beyond it ; postmedial line unusually near termen, represented by some black points, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; sub terminal line represented by a series of black points with some rufous scales round them, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing greyish uniformly suffused with fuscous ; the underside grey irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., New Mexico, in U.S. Nat. Mus. Exp. 32 millim. 1543. Hyssia niveiguttata. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 18.) Mamestra niveiguttata, Grote, Bull. BufF. Soc. Nat. Sci. i. p. 140, pi. iv. f. 16 (1873) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 130. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown mixed with grey and some ochreous; tegulae with black medial line. Fore wing grev irrorated with brown and black ; an ochreous tinge in discal and" submedian folds and on inner margin ; a very obscure black streak below base of cell ; an indistinct, waved, subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, the outer line indistinct, oblique, waved ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform small, defined by black, the former irre- gularly rounded, the latter with its lower portion tilled in with black and with two white points on its outer lower side ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line indistinct, sinuous, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, the area beyond it suftused with fuscous and ;with some white points on costa ; subtermiual line somewhat dentate, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules and some whitish points at base of cilia. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia pale brown with dark line through them ; the underside grey thickly irrorated with dark brown, a discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., California, 2 J iy\e, (Stretch) 1 c? . Exjj. 30 millim. 289 1544. Hyssia orbiculata. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 19.) Mamestra orbictdata,Sm\rh,Fi\ U.S. Nat. Mu3. xiv. p. 2(i6 (1891); id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 131 . J . Head and thorax grey mixed with reddish brown ; abdomen grey irrorated with brown. Fore wing grey thickly irrorated and suffused with dark brown, the area just below and beyond the cell suffused with reddish brown ; a sinuous black streak below base of cell ; subbasal line represented by a small black sjjot on costa ; antemedial line represented by a black point on costa, then indis- tinct, angled inwards on median nervare, then double, and very acutely angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform rather diffusedly defined by black ; orbicular whitish, defined by black at sides, rather triangular and very oblique, open above and below where the white is diffused to below median nervure and connected with the reni form, Avhich is hardly defined except on inner side and below ; postmedial line double filled in with white, the inner line prominent, strongly bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved below vein 4 and excurved at vein 1 ; some white points beyond it on costa ; sul)terminal line whitish, defined on inner side by small dentate black spots, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pale, irrorated aud the marginal areas suffused with brown ; cilia whitish, with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hab. U.S.A., Colorado {Briire), 1 cT , Glenwood Springs. Exp. 28 millim. 1545. Hyssia musculina. (Plate LXXXYJ. fig. 20.) Diantkcecia musculina, Stand. Iris, iv. p. 272 (1891) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 162. (S . Head and thorax ochreous white with a few fuscous hairs ; antennae and tarsi fuscous ringed with white ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing ochreous white irrorated with fuscous ; subbasal line indistinct, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; a broad diffused fuscous antemedial band obscuring the antemedial line ; claviform absent ; orbicular and rcnif'orm very ill-defined, ochreous white with very faint yellow annuli, the former rounded ; an indis- tinct waved medial line dilated into a patch on costal area; postmedial line indistinct, dentate, defined by white on outer side towards costa, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, the whole area beyond it suffused with fuscous ; sub- terminal line very indistinct, whitish, angled outwai'ds at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; cilia ochreous white chequered with fuscous. Hind wing fuscous, pale at base, the cilia ochreous white ; the underside whitish, the costal area irrorated with fuscous, a curved diffused postmedial line, the area beyond it tinged with fuscous. VOL. V. U 21)0 xof'TuiD-T:. 5 . Head, thorax, and fore wing more bluish white without the ochroons tinge, the last with the medial area darker, the autemedial and terminal areas pale ; the orbicular and rcniforra with fuscous centres and white annuli. ffah. Kurdistan; Syria, 1 J, 1 $, Leech Coll. Exp. 30-34 millim. Genus PROTEINANIA, nov. Tj'pe, P. vifiaaia. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi oblique, the 2nd joint fringed with hair, the 3rd rather long, porrect ; irons smooth ; eyes large, rounded ; antennae of male laminate; thorax clothed with hair and scales ; tibire moderately fringed withjhair on outer side ; abdomen with dorsal crest on basal segment. Fore •wing with the apex rectangular ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from npper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areola; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base. A. Fore wing largely suffused with crimson achaiioides. B. Foi"e wing not suffused with crimson vigasia. 1546. Proteinania achatioides. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 21.) Hetcrochroma achatioides, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 70 (1852). Diantlicecia eros, Wlk. xv. 1714 (1858). Head and thorax ochreous suffused with purplish pink ; sides of palpi and frons black ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing pale olive-green (fading to ochreous), some rose-pink at base of costa ; pink fascia? below costa and median nervure and on inner medial area, the two former converging at antemedial line, the 1st expanding to costa at middle, the 2nd expanding beyond end of cell, the 3rd extending from submediau fold to inner margin ; the costa towards apex and termen pink; a black subbasal line from costa to above vein 1, where it is connected by a streak with base ; antemedial line angled outwards below costa, inwards in cell, then excurvcd, and at inner margin recurved to vein 1 near base ; orbicular and reniform black, their lower extremities connected by a black fascia on median nervure, the former oblique oblong, connected with the costal part of antemedial line ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line pale greenish, waved, defined on inner side by a few black scales, and on outer by irregular blackish patches from below costa to vein 5, and from vein 5 to inner margin, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold and strongly at submedian fold, some pale and black points beyond it on costa; sabterminal line only defined by the contrast between the green and pink areas, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small dark lunules ; cilia rufous. Hind wing ochreous suUused with fuscous, rather paler towards base ; the underside PROTKINANIA. EniOrXGA. 201 ochi'cons, the costal and terminal areas suffused with rufous and slightly irrorated with brown ; a slight discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Brazil, Petropolis (Doer), 1 S , Rio Janeiro, 1 c; , 1 $ • /;.ryj. 28-32 millim. 1547. Proteinania vigasia. Chloridea vigasia, Scbaus, Trans. Am. Eut. Soc. xxi. p. 239 (1894). c? . Head and thorax ochreous tinged with rufous and irrorated with black ; abdomen ochreous white tinged with brown. Fore wing ochreous tinged with rufous and irrorated with black ; an indistinct, straight, oblique ochreous subbasal line ; a more distinct similar antemedial line with the elliptical brownish defined by ochreous orbicular stigma on its outer edge ; reniform eUiptical, brownish defined by ochreous, with an oblique brownish band from Fig. 02. — Prnfcinaiiia vigasia, (^ . \. it to inner margin ; the postmedial line represented by a series of black points on the veins, excurved below costa, then oblique ; the subterminal line ochreous, slightly sinuous and defined by red- brown on its inner side ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia ochreous brown and black. Hind wing pale yellowish, the cilia slightly tinged with rufous. Hah. jNIexico, Las Vigas, 1 S , type f J in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 28 millim. Genus ERIOPYaA. Type. Eriopi/ga, Guen. Noct. i. p. 20.3 (18.52) puncfiila. Hi/potrix, Gueo. Noc-t. i. p. 31)9 (1852) purpurigera. iV«sia, Wlk. XV. 1741 (1858) mceda. Hime'la. Grote, Froc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Pliil. 1874, p. 200 infract ata. Pseiidorthodes, Morr. Can. Ent. vi. p. 253 (1874) vecors. Probosci.'! fully developed ; palpi with tbe 2nd joint obliquely upturned, moderately fringed with hair in front, the 3rd moderate or rather long, porreet, frons smooth ; eyes large, ronnded ; thorax clothed with hair and scales mixed, without distinct crests ; abdomen without crests. Fore wing rather broad, tbe termen erect, rounded ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing witli veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 shortly stalked; 8 anastomosing with the cell to oue-third. 1-2 292 xoCTUiD^. Sect. I. AnteniiJS of male bipectinate. A. Fore wing with red spot on outer edge of reiiiform crocosticta. B. Fore wing with ochreous spot on outer edge of reniforin. a. Hind wing fuscous brown fea. b. Hind wing whitish, the terminal area tinged with brown. «'. Fore wing very thickly irrorated with grey mulhm. fA. Fore wing very slightly irrorated with white tersa. c. Hind wing pale yellow haruna. C Fore wing without pale spot on reniform. a. Hind wing with the basal area pale yellow, the terminal area brow n mediorufa. b. Hind wing whitish, the terminal area suffused with brown, or wholly suffused with brown. a}. Fore wing with the siibterminal line dark contempta. y. Fore wang with the subterminal line pale. a-. Fore wing with more or less prominent dentate dark marks before subterminal line. a'. Fore wing tinged with rufous eitriica. b'^. Fore wing not tinged with rufous. a*. Fore wing witli the medial area suffused witli fuscous acalus. b^. Fore wing with the medial area not suffused with fuscous incincta. P. Fore wing without dentate dark marks before sub- terminal line. «'. Fore wing with dark shade before svibterminal line. a'*. Fore wing with the stigmata filled in with dark colour. «^. Fore wing fuscous brown perfasca. h^. Fore wing reddish brown oviduca. c*. Fore wing pale grey-brown melanosis. i*. Fore wing with the centres of stigmata con- colorous. a*. Fore wing with subterminal line prominent, minutely waved orobia. b^. Fore wing with the subterminal line indis- tinct, sinuous ntakensis. h*. Fore wing with dark shade beyond subterminal line ochrota. c^. Fore wing with the subterminal line represented bj^ a series of yellowish points obtiisa. *1548. Eriopyga crocosticta. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 22.) Himclla crocosticta, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 232 (1903). ($ . Head and thorax purple-brown, the scales slightly tipped ■with grey ; palpi fuscous brown ; pectus, legs, and abdomen dull ochreous brown. Fore wing purple-brown finely irrorated with greyish ; traces of a subl)asal line from costa to' submedian fold ; an indistinct, oblique, slightly waved antemedial line; orbicular and reniform small, round, indistinctly defined by fuscous, the latter with orange-red elliptical spot on its outer edge; postracdial line minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa, and the veins beyond it streaked with black and irrorated with white ; subter- minal line formed of conjoined blackish marks, angled outwards at SKiorTGA. 293 vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of slight white streaks on the veins ; cilia blackish irrorated with white. Hind wing fuscous brown with an ochreous tinge ; the cilia rather paler; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, the costal area suffused with purj^lish, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Mkxico, Orizaba, type f S in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 30 millim. 1549. Eriopyga fea. Meristisfea, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Ain., Het. i. p. 279, pi. 27. f. 6 (1889). Head and thorax dull brown with a yellowish tinge, the hairs tipped with grey ; abdomen yellowish brown dorsally tinged with fuscous, the anyl tuft of female very large. Fore wing grey-brown with a yellowish tinge ; a waved subbasal line from costa to sub- median fold; a waved antemcdial line; orbicular and reniform large, defined by brown, the former round, the latter with yellow spot with points above and below it on its outer edge ; a strong medial line oblique from costa to median nervure, then somewhat incurved ; postmedial line minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line yellowish white, often broken up into spots, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, a terminal series of white points. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia pale with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Mexico, Jalapa (Trujillo, Hoege), 1 d , 4 $ , type ; Guate- mala, Las Mercedes (Champion), 2 c? , 1 $ , V. de Atitlan (Cham- pion), 1 2 » Godman-Salviu Coll. E.ip. 36-40 millim. 1550. Eriopyga mulina. (Tlate LXXXVI. fig. 23.) TcBniocampa mulina, Schaus, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xsi. p. 2."i7 (1894). S . Head and thorax whitish tinged with rufous ; abdomen ochreous slightly irrorated with fuscous, the ventral surface ochreous white. Fore wing ochreous slightly tinged with purplish pink ; an indistinct excurved blacki.sli subbasal line from costa to submedian. fold ; an oblique waved antemedial line ; orbicular and reniform with their centres slightly irrorated with black and with pale annuli, the former round, the latter rather constricted at middle and with its lower part tilled in with black ; a fuscous medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, then inwardly obli(jue to the antemedial lino at inner margin ; postmedial line dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal lino pale defined by brown on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wiug whitish tinged with brown, especially on the veins and towards termen ; the cilia pinkish 294 NOCTUID^. white ; the underside othreous white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a small discoidal luni;le and postmedial series of slight streaks on the veins. Hah. Mexico, Orizaba, 1 J , type t J in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 28 millim. 1551, Eriopyga tersa. Ferigea tersa, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 481, pi. 93. f. 26 (1898). Head and thorax reddish brown, the scales tipped with grey ; palpi fuscous at sides ; abdomen ochreous brown mixed with grey, tinged with fuscous above in male, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing grey-brown, more or less tinged with ochreous and irrorated with white ; subbasal lino slightly defined by grey on outer side, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line defined by grey on inner side, oblitjue, waved ; orbicular small, round, with slight ochreous annulus defined by fuscous or almost obsolete ; an indistinct diffused medial line excurved at middle ; reniform small, round, ochreous, with two white points below it and traces of two ochreous points above it ; postmedial line bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, incurved and sinuous below vein 4, with a scries of black points beyond it on the veins and some white points on costa ; subterminal line represented by a punctiform ochreous-white line with brown shade on its inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine dark terminal line with series of white points at the veins. Hind wing white, the veins and marginal areas more or less suffused with ochreous brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Guatemala, V. de Atitlan, 3000' {Champion), 1 c?, 1 5 type, Cerro Zunil, 4000' {Champion), 1 J, Godman-Salviu Coll. Exp. (5 30, 2 36 millim. 1552. Eriopyga haruna. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 24.) Mamestra bar una, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. vi. p. ill (1898). S . Head and thorax deep purplish red, the hairs slightly tipped with grey ; palpi at tips and antenna3 ochreous ; abdomen ochreous with blackish bands, the anal tuft and ventral surface rufous. Fore wing dark purplish red, the veins streaked with black, the terminal area tinged with greyish fuscous ; an indistinct waved antemedial line ; orbicular minute, elongate elliptical, with white annulus ; reniform white, ill-defined and incomplete above and below ; postmedial line very indistinct, bent outwards below costa, incurved below vein 4 and angled outwards at vein 1 ; subterminal line represented by a series of black points in interspaces of costal half, curved inwards to costa ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pale straw-yellow, the terminal area slightly tinged with fuscous. Underside of fore wing whitish, of hind wing yellow, with the costal area slightlv irrorated with fuscous. EEIOPYGA. 295 2 • Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia yellowish ; underside of fore wing fuscous, of hind wing wliitish irrorated with fuscous and suffused on costal area. Hab. Brazil, Castro Parana, 1 S, type f d $ in Coll. Schaus. JSxj). 44 millim. ]553. Eriopyga mediorufa. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 25.) Hiryidld mediorufa, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p, 234 (1903). Head and thorax rufous ; abdomen ochreous tinged with fuscous except at base, the anal tuft ochreous tinged with rufous. Fore wing purplish red irrorated with silvery blue, some ochreous at base of inner margin ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a double, oblique, waved antemedial line filled in with blue ; orbicular and reniform rather small, red-brown with pale silvery-blue annuli, the former rather oblique elliptical, a waved red-brown medial shade passing between them ; a double postmedial line bent inwards to costa, the outer line rather dif- fused ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, minutely waved, slightly defined by dark brown on inner side ; a fine dark terminal line. Hind wing yellowish white, the terminal area suffused with brown ; the underside with the costal area tinged with purplish red. Hah. Brazil, Castro Parana, 1 5 , type f c? in Coll. Schaus. Ex'p. 36 millim. 1554. Eriopyga contempta. (Plate LXXXYI. fig. 26.) Tceniocampa contempta, Schaus, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 237 (ISW); Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 484. Meristisfca, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 279 (part.). J . Head and thorax dull reddish brown strongly irrorated with grey ; abdomen fuscous, the ventral surface ochreous irrorated with brown. Fore wing reddish brown thickly irrorated with grey ; an indistinct waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a waved antemedial line ; claviform represented by a few dark scales at its extremity ; orbicular and reniform rather small, flesh-coloured, defined by brown and their centres irrorated with brown, the former round, the latter rather narrow ; a medial dark line excurved at middle ; postmedial line minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line indistinct, pale defined by brown, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing yellowish white, the veins and marginal areas tinged with brown ; a brown terminal line ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and postmedial line on costal area. $ . Anal tuft large ; fore wing darker and more uniformly coloured ; the stigmata hardly traceable ; hind wing dark brown, the lower jiart of cell and area below it rather paler. 296 NOCTUID^. Hah. Mexico, Orizaba, type t 6 in Coll. Scliaus ; Guatemala, Totonicapara, 10,000' {Champion), 1 5 ; Costa Rica, Candalaria Mts. {Underwood), 1 J , Godman-Salvin Coll. Exp. 36-40 millim. 1555. Eriopyga curtica. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 21.) Tesniocampa curtica, Smith, Am. Eut. tI. p. 122 (1890) ; id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 203. Head and thorax reddish ochreous to red-brown, some of the hairs with pale tips ; palpi blackish at sides ; abdomen reddish brown dorsall}' tinged with fuscous. Eore wing reddish ochreous or red-brown, irrorated Avith white and black scales, the lines indis- tinct or almost obsolete ; subbasal line nearly straight, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line strongly excurved at costa and inner margin and slightly below the cell; orbicular and reniform with very indistinct whitish annuli, the former oblique elliptical, the latter constricted at middle and with its lower part filled in with fuscous ; a more or less distinct medial line oblique from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, a series of black points beyond it on the veins and some ochreous points on costa ; subterminal line whitish defined by fuscous on inner side, forming a series of small indistinct dentate marks, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing ochreous whitish, the mar- ginal areas more ochreous, the veins and apical area tinged with fuscous ; the underside irrorated with large brown scales, especially towards costa, a small discoidal lunule and postmedial series of strise on the veins. Hub. U.S.A., Colorado, 1 cJ , California, Sierra Nevada, 1 $ . Exp. 34-38 millim. 1556. Eriopyga acalus. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 28.) Orihodes akalus, Streck. Lep. Rhop. & Het. Suppl. 2, p. 6 (1S99) ; Djar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 165. 5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen reddish brown largely mixed with grey ; tarsi with pale rings. Fore wing dull reddish brown thicklv irrorated with grey ; an indistinct slightly curved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an indistinct, irregularly waved, oblique antemedial line defined by grey on inner side ; claviform minute, very indistinctly defined by brown ; orbicular and reniform indistinctly defined by brown, the former round ; a slight medial shade, oblique from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line in- distinct, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa and an indistinct series of dark points on the veins ; subterminal line grey defined by brown on inner side, forming slight dentate dark marks at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine grey line at base of cilia. Hind wing pale uniformly suft'used with brown; ERIOi'VOA. 297 cilia whitish ; the uuderside whitish irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado {Bruce), 1 § . Exp. 34 millim, 1557. Eriopyga incincta. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 29.) Mamestra incincta, Morr. Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. svii. p. 156 (1874) ; Smilh, Cat. Noct, N. Aiu. p. 203. Head and thorax grey mixed with fuscous brown ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen fuscous brown. Poro wing brownish grey with a slight violaceous tinge and irrorated with fuscous ; an indistinct waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line oblique, waved ; claviform absent ; orbicular and reniform with pale annuli, the former small or moderate, somewhat oblique, the latter filled in with fuscous ; a more or less distinct medial shade oblique from costa to lower angle of cell ; postmedial line somewhat dentate and with a series of black points beyond it on the veins, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subter- raiual line pale, defined on inner side by a brown shade forming somewhat dentate marks at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing whitish irrorated with brown, the veins and terminal area suffused with brown, in female wholly suffused with brown ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal lunule and indistinct curved postmedial line with slight dark streaks at the veins. Hah. U.S.A., Massachusetts, Illinois, Colorado, 1 c? ? 2 $ . Exjy, 34-36 millim. 1558. Eriopyga perfiisca, n. sp. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 30.) Perigea paupcra, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 279, & ii. p. 480 (nee Wlk.). Taniociiwpa oviduca, Druce, Biol. Centr. Am., Het. i. p. 288 (part.), nee Guen. Orthodes infirma, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Ilet. i. p. 289 (purt.), nee Guen. Head and thorax yellowish brown irrorated with whitish ; tarsi with pale rings; abdomen fuscous brown mixed with ochroous. Fore wiug ochreous brown irrorated with grey and fuscous ; sub- basal line indistinct, pale, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line oblique, waved, defined by whitish on outer side ; orbicular and reniform with fuscous centres irrorated with white and whitish annuli, the former somewhat oblique elliptical ; the postmedial line fuscous defined by wliitish on outer side, bent out- wards below costa, incurved below vein 5, and produced on the veins to a scries of short dark streaks interrupted hj- white points, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish or oebreous, slightly defined by fuscous on inner side, and excurved at vein 7 and middle ; a terminal series of small black lunulcs. Hind wing ochreous white suffused with brown except the interspaces in, 298 NocTuiDji:. below, and beyond cell ; cilia oclireous white with a brown line throngh them ; the underside whitish, the costal and terminal areas irroratod with brown, a black discoidal spot and indistinct curved postmedial line. Hah. Mexico, Jalapa {Hoegc, Tmjillo), 5 c? , 4 $ , type, Godman- Salvin Coll., Las Vigas. Exj). 32 millim. 1559. Eriopyga oviduca. TcBniocampa oviduca, Guen. Noct. i. p. 357 (1852) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 203. TcBniocampa capsella, Grote, Proc. Ac. Kat. Sci. Phil. xxvi. p. 201 (1874). Head and thorax purplish brown, the hairs tipped with grey ; palpi blackish at sides ; abdomen brown mixed with grey. Fore wing grey-brown with a purplish, reddish, or yellowish tinge and irrorated with blackish ; subbasal line indistinct, whitish, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line white, slightly defined on each side by blackish, angled outwards below costa, in- curved in cell, then nearly straight; orbicular and reniform moderate, with brown centres and yellowish annuli, the former round or oblique elliptical ; the postmedial line blackish, defined by white on Fig. 03. — Erlopuga oviduca, J. }. outer side and produced to short black streaks on the veins inter- rupted by white points, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line yellowish, defined by dark brown on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a ter- minal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown, the inter- spaces of basal and inner areas whitish ; cilia pale with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, the costal and terminal areas tinged with purple-brown, a discoidal spot and indistinct curved postmedian lino. Hah. Canada (Norman), 1 J , Vancouver I. (J. J. Walker), 1 J ; U.S.A., N. and E. States to Florida and Ilocky Mts., Massachusetts, Beverly, 1 d, 1 ?, New York (Packard), 5 cT , Trenton Falls (Douhleday), 2 S , Evans Centre (Grote, Baile;/), 1 cJ , 1 2 , Albany, 1 c? type cajjsella, Illinois, 2 5 . E.vp. 2(3-30 millim. Larva. Head shining brown, a dark A-mark over clypeus. Body sordid brown ; subdorsal space paler, defining a series of rounded diamond-shaped dorsal marks ; orange on joint 12. Tubercles and EKIOI'YGA. 299 shields black, the cervical shield with the posterior third orange. — H. G. D. 1560. Eriopyga melanopis, n. sp. (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 31.) Head and thorax browish gre}' mixed with dark brown ; abdomen ochreous white tinged with brown. Fore wing brownish grey thickly irrorated with fuscous ; subbasal line indistinct, double, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line indistinct, defined by whitish on inner side, oblique from costa to submedian fold ; claviform absent ; orbicular and reniform large, blackish with white annuli, the former somewhat oblique elliptical, the latter slightly angled inwards on median nervure ; postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side and with a series of short black streaks on the veins beyond it, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish, slightly defined by fuscous on inner side, somewhat angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points ; a fine white line at base of cilia. Hind wing white ; the veins and terminal area suff'used with brown, in female nearly uniformly suffused with brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown ; a black discoidal spot and slight curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Arizona (Ivunze), 4 cJ , 1 5 , type. Exp. 30 millim. Subsp. 1. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines less distinct, the latter very minutely dentate ; the stigmata less pro- minently filled in with black. JIab. U.S.A., S.W. Colorado (Oshir), 1 d , 1 ? . 1561. Eriopyga orobia. (riate LXXXVI. fig. 32.) Mamcstra orobia, Harv. Can. Ent. viii. p. 154 (1876); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 203. c^ . Head and thorax mottled white, reddish brown, and dark brown ; abdomen brown irrorated with white and dorsally tinged with olive-yellow. Fore wing olive-brown irrorated with white ; subbasal line white, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line white, slightly defined on each side by brown, oblique, waved, in- curved in cell and angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform defined by white, the former round, the latter rather constricted at middle ; postmedial lino white, slightly defined by brown on inner side and produced to a series of short dark streaks on the veins, interrupted by a series of white points, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white minutely waved, somewhat incurved below vein 3 ; a terminal series of slight points. Hind wing white irrorated with brown, the veins and terminal area brown ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot. Ilab. U.S.A., Texas, 1 c^ type. Kvj^ 30 millim. 300 NOCTTJIDJE. *] 562. Eriopyga utahensis. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 27.) Taniocampa. nfahensis, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. JJus. x. p. 473 (1887) ; id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 203. S . Head brown with an ochreons tinge and irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing with the antemedial line very indistinct, ex- curved in inter.spaces ; orbicular small, rouud, with pale annulus defined by black ; reniform moderate, with pale annulus defined by black and its lower part filled in with fuscous ; postmedial line very indistinctly double filled in with pale colour, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line represented by a few pale scales, tbe area beyond it darker ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing pale tinged with ocbreous, the veins and terminal area suff'used with brown ; the underside with dark irroralion, a small discoidal spot and puncti- forra postmedial line. Hab. U.S.A., Utah, Fort Tliornburgh. E,rp. 30 millim. This species is unknown to me ; figured from a drawing from type in U.S. Nat. Mus. 1503. Eriopyga ochrota. (riate LXXXVII. fig. 1.) Himella ochrota, Schaus, J. N.Y. Eat, Soc. xi. p. 233 (1903). S . Head and thorax grey-brown mixed with ocbreous, the scales tipped with white ; palpi blackish at sides ; tarsi blackish ringed •with ocbreous ; abdomen greyish fuscous brown. Fore wing ocbreous thickly irrorated with fuscous brown, especially the costal and terminal areas ; subbasal line represented by a dark striga from costa ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique, waved ; claviform very faintly defined by black scales ; orbicular and reniform small, ocbreous defined by black, the former round, the latter open above and below and with white point at its upper extremity ; postmedial line indistinct, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, then oblique, the area between it and. subterminal line more ocbreous except at costa ; subterminal line with a series of prominent black spots on its outer side from vein 7 to inner margin, angled out- wards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; cilia ocbreous irrorated with black. Hind wing ocbreous white slightly irrorated with brown, a dark terminal line ; the underside with the costal area more strongly irrorated, a black discoidal spot. Hab. Mexico, Las Vigas, 1 c? , San Andres Chanchicomula, typof S in Coll. Schaus. Exj). 30 millim. *15(i4. Eriopyga obtnsa. Tdniocampa ohtusa. Smith, Pr. U.S. A^at. Mus. s. p. 474 (1887) ; id. Oat. Noct. N. Am. p. 204. Dark grey thickly irrorated with black. Fore wing with the subbasal and antemedial lines obsolete ; claviform narrow, slightly yellowish defined by black ; orbicular small, yellowish defined by ERIOPTGA. 301 black ; postmedial line obsolete ; subterminal line represented by a series of j-ellowish points ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white ; the underside grej-white with some dark irroration on costal area. Hah. U.S.A., Arizona, jEr^). 27 millim. This species is unknown to me. Sect. II. Antennns of male serrate and fascioulate. A. Fore wing with the subterminal line arising from costa before apex. a. Fore wing with blacli streak in cell between orbicular and reniforni. «^. Fore w^ing with the antemedial line excurved below cell jjJanalis. />'. Fore wing with the antemedial line not excurved below cell agrotiformis. h. Fore wing without black streak in cell. a^. Fore wing with the postmedial line bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4. d^. Fore wing with tlie reniform slightly angled inwards on median nervure, the terminal area darker than tiie ground-colour perforata. b^. Fore wing with the reniform not angled inwards on median nervure, the termiual area not darker than the ground-colour. a^. Fore wing reddish brown rvfula. b^. Fore wing ferruginous red .. reliqua. c^. Fore wing ochreous tinged with rufous tri fascia. b^. Fore wing with the postmedial line almost evenly curved. a^. Fore wing reddish brown tinged with fuscous ... culea. h-. Fore wing brownish ochreous to fulvous consopifa. B. Fore wing with the subterminal linearising from termen just below apex. a. Fore wing with the subterminal line double, oblique... diplogramma. b. Fore wing with the subterminal line single, angled at discal fold eurijte. 1565. Eriopyga planalis. (Plate LXXXVII. fig. 2.) Agrotis plannlh, Grote, A. M. N. 11. (5) xi. p. 53 (1883); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 200. S- Head and thorax fuscous brown, edges of tegula) more rufous ; pectus ochreous ; abdomen ochreous irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing dull reddish brown suffused with fuscous ; a double, waved subbasal line from costa to subniedian fold ; a double, oblique, waved antemedial line angled inwards on median nervure and vein 1 ; claviform represented by a few black scales; orbicular and renilbrm small, with rather paler annuli incompletely defined by black, the former round, a diH'used black fascia between them ; postmedial line indistinctly double and minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and below vein 4 ; subterminal line very indistinct, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, some small triangular dark spots on inner side between veins 7 and 4. Hind wing yellowish suffused with fuscous brown ; '}02 xofrriD.f:. the underside ochreous white, the costal area irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot, aud curved, minutely waved, postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., New Mexico, Beulah, 1 S . ^""P- ^^ millim, 1566. Eriopyga agrotiformis. (Plate LXXXYII. fig. 3.) GraphipJiora agro/ifonnis, Grote, Can. Eat. xiii. p. 14 (1881) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. "20U. 2 . Head and thorax black -brown, the head and tegulge with a reddish tinge aud the latter with pale tips ; abdomen dark brown irrorated with ochreous. Fore wing black-brown with a purplish tinge ; an indistinct waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold, in base of which there is a slight black streak ; antemedial line indistinct, double, oblique, waved : orbicular and reniform moderate, with fuscous centres and grey annuli defined by black, the former rounded, a deep black patch between them in cell ; postmedial line indistinct, double, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line reddish ochreous, defined by somewhat dentate small black marks on inner side, most strongly towards costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle, the area beyond it paler fuscous brown ; a terminal series of black striae. Hind wing yellowish white thicldy irrorated with brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunvile aud sinuous postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, 2 $ type. E.V2^. 34 millim. *15G7. Eriopyga perforata. (Plate LXXXYII. fig. 4.) T6. — Eriojjijga g. Hah. Japan, Hakodate, 2 J , 1 $ , type, Oiwake (Fryer), 2 c? , 2 $, Tokio (AJaries), 1 c? , 1 $, Yokohama (Jonas, Fryer), 2 $ ; CoREA, Gensan (Leech), 2 S ,1 $ . Exp. 52-58 millim. 1577. Eriopyga divergens. MytJiimna divergens, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) i. p. 79 (1S78); id. 111. B. M. ii. p. 22, pi. 28. f. 8 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 193. Het. Head deep rufous, the vertex and thorax olive-ochreous, some- times tinged with rufous and irrorated with fuscous ; antennae whitish at base ; pectus, legs, and abdomen rufous, the last dorsally ochreous towards base. Fore wing olive-ochreous, irrorated and striated with fuscous and more or less tinged with rufous ; ante- medial line oblique, slightly sinuous ; reniform represented by a whitish lunule, angled inwards on median nervure, and with a rufous patch between it and postmedial line ; postmedial line oblique, slightly, incurved to costa, somewhat dentate and produced to short streaks ou the veins; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pinkish entirely suffused with fuscous, the cilia purplish pink. Underside of both wings purplish red ; a postmedial line, oblique on fore wing, sinuous on hind wing, which has a small discoidal spot. Hah. E. SiBEEiA, Ussuri ; Japan, Hakodate (WMtely), 2 S, 1 5 , type, Oiwake (Fryer), 2 S , Yokohama (Fryer), 1 cJ , 1 § . Exj}. 54-56 millim. 1578. Eriopyga curvata. (Plate LXXXVII. fig. 8.) Mythimna curvata, Leech, Trans. Eiit. Soc. 1900, p. 130. Head and thorax rufous, pale olive or grey irrorated with fuscous, the head more rufous : antenna) whitish at base ; pectus, legs, and abdomen rufous. Fore wing pale olive or rufous, irrorated and striated with purple-brown ; subbasal line represented by a dark striga from costa ; antemedial line slightly and rather oblicjuely curved ; reniform represented by a rather indistinctly defined pale lunule with slight black points before and beyond it at lower angle of cell ; pciitniodial line slightly angled outwards belovv costa, then EKIOPYGA. 309 oblique and slightly incurved below vein 4 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing rufous, uniformly suffused with fuscous, the cilia pale red. Underside purplish pink irrorated with fuscous, fore wing with some fuscous on disk ; both wings with slight discoidal spots, somewhat waved postmedial line, and terminal series of points. Ab. 1, Fore wing with the veins whitish, the striation much thicker and more prominent. Ab. 2. Fore wing with the lines hardly traceable. Hah. CoREA, Gensan {Leech), 1 c^' , 1 $ , type ; C. China, Chang- vang {Pratt), 1 (S , 4 $ , Washan {Pratt), 1 $, Chia-kou-ho {Pratt), 1 2 . Exp. 50-60 millim. b. Fore and hind wings of male on underside with the rough hair extending to near termen ; pah^i with the 3rd joint rather long ; abdomen with lateral tufts of long pink hair from base. 1579. Eriopyga rhodotricMa, n. sp. (S . Head and thorax rufous, the hairs and scales tipped with grey ; palpi blackish at sides ; abdomen fuscous brown, the anal tuft ochreous, the fringes of hair on legs and abdomen and the ventral surface of latter pink. Fore wing rufous tinged with pink Fig. 07. — Erir/pyga 7-hodotrichia, J and irrorated with black ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold, angled outwards on median nervure ; an indistinct oblique waved antemedial line ; orbicular and reniform indistinctly defined by brown, rounded ; an indistinct oblique medial shade from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line very indistinct, highly dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; sub- terminal line only defined by a dark shade on its inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7, then oblique. Hind wing ochreous suffused with fuscous brown ; the underside ochreous with the hair fulvous, a small black discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Brazil, E-io Janeiro, 1 S type. Exp. 36 millim. B. Femora of male with thick tufts of rufous hair ; abdomen with lateral tufts of rufous hair from base; fore wing with the cell and area below it, down to submedian fold clothed on underside with rough yellow hair. 1580. Eriopyga pallescens. HimrJki pMcfccn.% Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 23.") (1903). 6. Head and thorax red-brown tinged -with grey; palpi 310 NOCTTJID^. blackish at sides ; abdomen black-brown, the base and extremity ochreous ; the hair on femora, the lateral tufts, and ventral surface of abdomen rufous. Fore wing pale pink-brown sparsely irrorated with black ; traces of a curved dark antemedial line ; orbicular represented by a black point, the reniform by a red spot with black points above and below it ; a fuscous medial shade excurved at middle; postmedial line represented by a series of black points, Fig. 68. — Eriopyga fcdlescens, c?. \. oblique from costa to vein 6, then inwardly oblique ; subterminal line very indistinct, pale, faintly defined by brown on each side and with two fuscous points above inner margin, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous white tinged with brown, especially on marginal areas ; cilia ochreous ; the underside with black discoidal spot, postmedial series of slight striae on the veins, and terminal series of points. Hah. Bkazil, Organ Mts., Tijuca (;S^. R. Wagner), 1 ^ , Sao Paulo, type t cJ in Coll. Schaus ; Paeaguay, Sapucay (Foster), 1 $ . Ecqi. 36 millim. C. Mid femora and tibia? of male with tufts of long thick hair ; abdomen vrith very large lateral tufts from base and fringed with hair towards extremity ; fore wing on underside with the cell clothed with silky downturned hair, a. Fore wing with the postmedial line minutely serrate, a'. Abdomen of male with the lateral tufts from base fuscous fusciharhata. b^. Abdomen of male with the lateral tufts from base pur pie vinoharbata. h. Fore wing with the postmedial line even. a*. Fore wing ochreous suffused with rufous, the sub- terminal line almost even. «^. Fore wing with the reniform not concave towards base melanogasfer. b^. Fore wing with the reniform concave towards base secedens. b^. Fore wing grey irrorated with red-brown, the sub- terminal line slightly sinuous excavata. 1581. Eriopyga fuscibarbata, n. sp. d" . Head and thorax pale red-brown ; palpi blackish : pectus and legs dark brown ; abdomen black-brown, the lateral fringes, anal ERIOPYGA. 311 tuft, and ventral surface yellow-brown. Fore winp; pale greyish ochreous suffused with rufous ; a slight waved subbasal line from costa to below cell with a black point beyond it in cell ; an indistinct double, slightly waved, antemedial line, incurved in cell ; orbicular and reniform large, rufous with pale annuli, the former round, the latter lunulate, concave towards base ; a diffused oblique line from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line obsolete towards costa, incurved below vein 4, with two series of black points beyond it on the veins, the outer slight ; subterminal line brown defined by Fig. G9.—Eiiop>;ffa fuscihavl/fifrf, J . \. pale colour on outer side, slightly excurved at vein 7 and middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia ochreous ; the underside ochreous suffused with fuscous, the costal area tinged with rufous and irrorated with brown, a dis- coidal point and curved postmedial line. Hab. Brazil, Rio Janeiro, 1 c? type. Exp. 42 millim. 1582. Eriopyga vinobarbata, n. sp. (Plate XC. fig. 5.) Head and thorax pale reddish brown tinged with grey ; abdomen greyish, dorsally tinged with fuscous, the anal tuft ochreous, the lateral tufts of male purple. Fore wing greyish, tinged with reddish or purplish brown and slightly irrorated with black ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold, with a small black spot beyond it in cell ; an indistinct double, waved antemedial line, oblique from costa to median nervure ; orbicular and reniform with their centres defined by brown and indistinct pale annuli, the former elliptical, the latter narrow, oblong, with a black spot in its lower extremity ; an indistinct diffused medial line ; postmedial line defined by greyish on outer side, minutely serrate, bent outwards^ below costa, excurved to vein 5, then incurved, a series of black points beyond it on the veins ; subterminal lino pale, defined by fuscous on inner side, very slightly angled outwards at vein 7, where it is met by an oblique black striga from apox, then incurved ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pale, the veins and terminal area suffused with brown ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a black discoidal lunule and postmedial and terminal series of points. Bah. Ecuador, IJalzapamba, 1 $ type, J in Coll. Qberthiir, Riobamba. Ex/). 38 millim. 312 NOCTUIB^. *1583. Eriopyga melanogaster. (Plate XC. fig. G.) Orthodes melanoyasier, Griien. Noct. i. p. 373 (1852). (S . Head and thorax pale rufous ; abdomen fuscous, with the Jatural and anal tut'ts ochreous. Fore wing greyish ochreous suffused with purplish rufous, and with very slight fuscous irroration chiefly on the veins and costal area; subbasal line represented by a few dark scales ; antemedial line defined by whitish on inner side, strongly incurved in cell and slightly bent inwards to inner margin ; claviform absent; orbicular and reniform large, defined by whitish, the former elliptical; an oblique medial shade from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line slightly bent outwards below costa, exeurved to vein 5, then strongly incurved, some black and white points beyond it on the veins ; subterminal line almost straight, whitish defined by brown on inner side ; a terminal series of small brown spots ; cilia olive-ochreous. Hind wing reddish brown ; the cilia pale brown, whitish at tips ; the underside whitish, the costal area irrorated with rufous, some postmedial points on the veins, an indistinct subterminal line. Hah. Brazil, New Fribourg, type t c? in Coll. Oberthiir. Exp. 44 millim. 15S4. Eriopyga secedens, (Plate LXXXYII. fig. 9.) Himella secedens, Schaiis, J. N.Y. Eut. Soc. xi. p. 234 (1903). Head and thorax rufous with a purplish-pink tinge ; sides of palpi and frons blackish ; abdomen fuscous, the anal tuft ochreous, the lateral fringes and ventral surface rufous, the basal tufts yellow. Fore wing rufous suffused with purplish pink and with some dark irroration ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold, with a small black spot beyond it in cell ; antemedial line indistinct, ochreous, only traceable from median nervure to inner margin ; orbicular and reniform large with ochreous annuli, the former round ; a slight medial shade bent inwards to costa ; post- medial line rather indistinct, even, bent outwards below costa, exeurved to vein 4, then incurved, and with a series of black points beyond it on the veins; subterminal line ochreous, defined by l3rown on inner side, slightly exeurved below costa and incurved towards inner margin. Hind wing yellowish suffused with fuscous, the cilia yellow; the underside yellow, the costal area suffused with purplish pink, a black discoidal spot and slightly sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Brazil, Castro Paraiia, 1 $, type f ^ in Coll. Schaus ; Bolivia, Cochabamba, 1 $ , La Paz. Exp. 36 milb'm. 15S5. Eriopyga excavata, n. sp, (Plate LXXXYII. fig. 10.) Head and thorax red-brown mixed with grey ; palpi blackish at sides; abdomen and lateral tufts fuscous, the ventral surface reddish mixed with grey, the anal tuft yellowish. Fore wing grey thickly irrorated with red- brown and slightly with black; an indistinct EKIOl'TGA. 313 curved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; anteraedial line indistinct, defined by grey on inner side, waved, oblique from costa to median nervure, then erect ; orbicular and reniform large, brown irrorated with grey and with grey annuli, the former elliptical, the latter rather concave towards base ; an indistinct medial line from cell to inner margin : postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, bent outwards below costa and strongly incurved below vein 4, an indistinct series of short blacli streaks interrupted by grey points on the veins beyond it ; subterminal line grey defined by rufous on inner side, slightly excurved below costa ; a terminal series of black points defined by an indistinct crenulate grey line. Hind wing fuscous brown; the cilia pale rufous; tlie underside whitish irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal iuuule and traces of a curved postmedial line. Hah. Brazil, Eio Janeiro, 1 c? , 1 $ , type ; Ecuador, Riobamba, 1 $ . Exp. 32 millim. D. Mid femora of male with fold containing a tuft of ochreons hair ; abdomen with lateral fringes of hair towards extremity ; both wings on underside with the basal costal area and cell clothed with rough hair and scales. 158G. Eriopyga lamptera. Agrotis lamptera, Druce, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 513 ; id. Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ■ ii. p. 482, pi. 94. f. 2. (S . Head and thorax fulvous ; abdomen fuscous black, the lateral fringes of hair, the anal tuft, and ventral surface fulvous. Fore wing pale fulvous with slight darker irroration, the costal area with an olive tinge ; antemedial and medial straight lines from cell to inner margin ; orbicular and reniform rather darker with pale annuli, Fig. 70. oblique, quadrate, open above and below; postmedial line fine, fuscous defined by pale colour on inner side, straight and oblicjue from costa to submedian fold, then slightly bent outwards ; subterminal line represented by a sei-ies of minute indistinct dentate dark marks, very slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle: a terminal series of black points. Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins, costal and inner areas, and a terminal line fuscous brown ; the underside with the costal area tinged with rufous, a postmedial series of rufous strito on the veins. 314 NOCXTTII)^. 2 . Head, tbovax, and fore wing deep purplish red-brown. Hah. Br. HoNDUKAs, Belize; Guatemala, Pantaleou {^Champion), 1 S type, {Rodriguez) 1 $, Godman-Salvin Coll.; Paraguay, Sapucay {Foster), 2 § . Exp. 44 millim. E. Legs of male normal. a. Thorax of male with tuft of very large curled scales on dorsum ; abdomen with lateral and anal fringes of very long hair ; fore wing with fringe of hair from basal fourth of costa, the cell and area below it clothed with long downturned scales from base to beyond middle and to below cell. 1587. Eriopyga macrolepia. Nasia mceata, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 266, pi. 26. f. 12 (nee Wik.). S • Bright ferruginous red ; head and tegulse rather darker ; the large scales on thorax pinkish ; the fringes of hair on abdomen redder. Fore wing with black and whitish point at base ; sub- basal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold, filled in with Eriopiiija vtacrulcpia, (^ . yellowish ; antemedial line double, waved, filled in with yellowish, the veins beyond it irrorated with black and whitish, especially towards inner margin ; orbicular small, whitish, indistinct; reniform ill-defined, with black point on its inner upper side and its lower part filled in with black ; a waved medial line excurved at middle ; postmedial line indistinct, defined by yellowish on outer side, dentate and produced to black and white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold, incurved to near medial line below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; the area beyond end of cell pinkish ; subterminal line represented by a series of black and white dentate marks angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing rufous suffused with fuscous except towards inner margin ; the underside with black discoidal point, postmedial line on costal half, and some terminal points. Ifah. Costa Rica, Eio Sucio {Rogers), 1 d type, Godman-Salvin Coll. Exj^. 50 millim. EETOPYGA. 315 b. Thorax of male with the pectus clothed with large tufts of scales and hair, a'. Abdomen of male with lateral tufts of long hair from base and lateral frinjn;es of liair. a^. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniforn not defined. a'. Hind wing white qigajiiea. b^. Hind wing suffused with brown fluvigcra. b^. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniforin defined by white. a^. Fore wing with the ground-colour rufous. a*. Fore wing with the postmedial line incurved below vein 4 fulvida. b*. Fore wing with the postmedial line straight, oblique friburgeiisis. b^. Fore wing with the ground-colour whitish carneigera. *1588, Eriopyga gigantea. Himdla gigantea, Schaus, J. N.Y. Eut. Soc. xi. p. 233 (1903). (S . Head ochreous; thorax pinkish, the hairs tipped with white; legs with the tufts ochreous ; abdomen dorsally fuscous, the lateral tufts pinkish, the anal tuft and ventral surface ochreous. Fore Fig. 72. — Eriopyga, gigantea, (^ . "wing ochreous white sparsely irrorated witla black ; the costal area white tinged with pink, the rest of wing with rufous ; antemedial line represented by obliquely placed fuscous points in cell and on vein 1 ; orbicular and rcniform represented by rather deeper diffused rufous patches ; postmedial line represented by a series of fuscous points bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved; a terminal series of slight points ; cilia ochreous. Hind wing ochreous white ; the veins, costal area, and cilia ochreous ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with fuscous, some terminal dark points on apical half. Hah. Brazil, Castro Parana, type t d iii Coll. Schaus. Exp. 60 millim. 1589. Eriopyga fiavigera. (Plate LXXXVII. fig. 11.) Hypotrix jlavigcra, Guen. Noct. i. p. 370 (1852). HcBsia dolens, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 266 (part.). c? . Head and thorax pale rufous or ochreous grey ; palpi at sides 316 NOCTTIIDJE. and legs fuscous ; abdomen fuscous, the anal tuft and ventral surface ochreous. Fore wing whitish tinged with pink and in parts with rufous, and irrorated with a few black scales; a black point at base ; faint traces of a waved antemedial line ; reniform represented by a slight fuscous mark at lower angle of cell or an ochreous lunule ; traces of a postmedial line incurved below vein 4 and with a series of black points beyond it on the veins ; a more or less distinct, double, nearly straight subterminal line bent outwards to apex and with the area beyond it rather more rufous ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous tinged with brown ; the underside ochreous, the costal area tinged with rufous, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Costa Rica, Irazu, 6000' (Rogers), 1 c? , Godman-Salvin Coll. ; Brazil, New Fribourg, type t in Coll. Oberthiir. Ea-p. 40 millim. *1590. Eriopyga fulvida. (Plate XCIV. fig. 6.) Eriopyga fidvida, Druce, ined. c? . Head and thorax fulvous, the hairs slightly tipped with whitish ; abdomen pale fulvous, dorsally tinged with fuscous, except at base and extremity, the anal tufts yellow. Fore wing fulvous with a slight whitish gloss ; subbasal line represented by a small fuscous spot in cell ; antemedial line indistinct, pale, angled inwards in cell, then strongly excurved ; orbicular and reniform very large and almost confluent, with pale oittlines, the former rounded, the latter slightly concave towards base ; postmedial line fulvous, defined by whitish on outer side, bent outwards below costa, incurved below vein 4, and with a series of slight fuscous points beyond it on the veins ; subterminal line whitish, defined by fulvous on inner side, nearly straight, oblique ; traces of a pale highly waved line just before termen. Hind wing pale yellow, the veins and terminal half tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area suffused with fulvous, a small discoidal spot and slight postmedial line on costal area. Hah. Brazil, Bio Janeiro (Dirg), type t in Coll. Druce. Exp. 38 millim. *15»1. Eriopyga friburgensis. (Plate XC. fig. 7.) Orthodcs friburgensis, Guen. Noct. i. p. 374 (1852). cJ . Head and thorax rufous ; abdomen pale rufous. Fore wing pale rufous, the costal half deeper rufous from orbicular to post- medial line ; subbasal line absent ; antemedial line very indistinct, oblique, slightly waved : claviform absent ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by whitish, the former oblique elliptical, the latter elliptical ; postmedial line double filled in with whitish, slightly bent outwards below costa, then oblique, straight; subterminal line represented by traces of a series of dark points; a series of dark points just before termen conncL-ted by a fine waved line. Hind ERIOPYGA. ?A 7 wing reddish brown, the cilia pale yellowish; the underside whitish tinged with purplish pink, a small discoidal spot and curved post- medial line. Bab. Erazil, New Fribourg, type t in Coll. Obertliiir. Ej'2). 50 millim. 1592. Eriopyga canieigera. (Plato LXXXVII. fig. 12.) Hypotrix carneigera, Gueu. Noct. i. p. 370 (1852). (S . Head white, the palpi fuscous at side ; thorax ochreous white mixed with pale reddish brown ; abdomen ochreous white dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing whitish irrorated and in places suffused with pale brown ; hardly a trace of the subbasal line; antemedial line curved, defined by white on inner side ; orbicular and reniform very large, elliptical, yellowish brown defined by white ; an oblique yellow-brown medial shade from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line almost obsolete and with traces of a series of points beyond it on the veins ; subterminal line prominent, white defined by yellow-brown on inner side, almost straight and not quite reaching costa ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing white, the veins and margins slightly tinged with ochreous ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown. Hah. Brazii,, llio Janeiro, 1 S . E.vp. 46 millim. Type f in Coll. Oberthiir. i\ Ahdoraeji of male with small lateral tufts of yellow hair from base. a^. Fore wing of male on uuderside with fringe of large downturiied scales from eosla at base met by long upturned scales from below cell, a patch of rough scales beyond the cell, the oosta highly arched near base, in female slightly arched ; hind wing on underside witli fringe of long downturned scales from costa and the whole of the rest of the wing clothed with rough scales, smaller on terminal area. a'. Fore wing with the reniform V-shaped lodehar. b'^. Fore wing with the reniform small, rounded orljwa. c^. Fore wing with the reniform large, kidney- shaped, a*. Pore wing reddish brown, tiie orbicular and reniform not confluent lanaris. b*. Fore wing oli\e-brown, the orbicular and reni- form confluent below inoderuta. 1593. Eriopyga lodebar. Orthndes lodebar, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 289, pi. 27. fl'. 17, 18 (1889). 6 . Head and tegula? yellow mixed with bright rufous ; jjulpi blackish at sides ; frons with lateral black bars ; thorax dark chocolate-brown, pectus and legs mostly pale yellow ; abdomen fuscous brown, the anal tuft, lateral tufts, and ventral surface rufous, 318 NOCTXTIDiR. the basal tufts pale yellow. Fore wing chocolate with a purplish tinge, except a triangular patch on disk which is deep chocolate ; subbasal line very indistinct, pale, straight from costa to submediau fold ; antcmedial line defined by greyish on inner side, oblique, angled inwards in cell, then slightly sinuous ; reniform triangular, chocolate with fine grey annulus ; traces of a waved medial line from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line slightly defined by greyish on outer side, oblique from costa to reniform, then bent outwards, then erect and crenulate; two pale points on costa before the subterminal line, which is greyish defined by small brown some- what dentate marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and w Fig. 73. — Eriopygalodchar, (^ . \. excurved at middle. Hind wing dark reddish brown, the cilia paler. Underside of both wings yellowish white, the costal and terminal areas of fore wing and the apex of hind wing purplish red. 5 . Greyer and less red-brown in colour ; fore wing with the discal patch black-brown, the reniform dirty white ; the underside yellowish irrorated and suffused with red-brown, the disk of fore wing fuscous brown. Hah. Costa. Rica, Irazu, 6000' (Ror/ers), 1 d' , 1 5 , type, Godman- Salvin Coll. E.vy. d 44, $ 40 millim. 1594. Eriopyga orbica, n. sp. (Plate LXXXVII. fig. 13.) Orthodes lodchar, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 289 (part.). S . Head and tegular j'ellowish mixed with rufous ; palpi blackish at sides ; thorax purplish brown ; hair on pectus and legs pale yellow ; abdomen fuscous brown, the anal tuft and ventral surface yellowish tinged with rufous, the basal tufts pale yellow. Fore wing deep purplish brown, the costal area to beyond middle and a wedge-shaped patch on disk chocolate ; subbasal line represented by a grey striga from costa ; antemedial line defined by greyish on inner side, oblique, angled inwards in cell, then slightly sinuous ; orbicular a grey point ; reniform a small round greyish spot with brownish centre ; an indistinct waved medial line from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line defined by greyish on outer side, oblique from costa to reniform, then bent outwards, crenulate and incurved at submediau fold ; two pale points on costa before the subterminal line, which is greyish, interrupted, defined on inner ERIOPTQA. 319 side by small dentate black marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing dark reddish brown, the cilia yellowish. Underside of both wings pale yellowish with a rufous tinge, some fuscous on costa near base and towai'ds apex. 2 . Underside fuscous brown irrorated with grey. Hah. Mexico, Jalapa (TrujiUo), 3 c? , 1 $ , type ; Guatemala, Senahu {Champion), 1 J , Godman-Salvin Coll. Kvp. d 42, $ 38 millim. 1595. Eriopyga lanaris. (Plate LXXXVII. fig. 14.) Br/schorista lanaris, Butl. A. M. N. H. (6) V\. p. 97 (1890). Orthodes cynica, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 288 (nee Guen.). to inner margin and some pale points on costa ; subterminal line ochreous defined by fuscous on inner side and with some small dentate black marks at middle, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a series of black points on termen and ochreous points at base of cilia. Hind wing ochreous suttuscd with fuscous, deeply on terminal half; the cilia ochreous ; the underside ochreous thickly irrorated with black, a black discoidal bar, diffused postmedial band and terminal series of points. Ilah. Canada, Br. Columbia, 1 5 ; U.S.A., Washington, 1 J , California, 1 c? , Sierra Nevada, Truckee, 1 $ . Exjy. '30 millim. 1G29. Eriopyga virgula. (Plate LXXXVII. fig. 30.) TcBniocampa i'»Y/«fo, Grote, Papilio, iii. p. 76(1883); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 200. S . Head ochreous tinged with rufous ; thorax fuscous brown ; pectus, legs, and abdomen ochreous tinged with rufous. Fore wing dull reddish brown ; an indistinct subbasal line from costa to sub- median fold ; an indistinct waved antemedial line, angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform and orbicular absent ; reniform very indistinct and narrow, with traces of a whitish annulus ; an obscure medial shade, oblique from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line indistinct, somewhat dentate, oblique from costa to vein (J, incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, with a series of dentate black marks before it at middle, somewhat angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing yellowish Avhite suffused with fuscous except at base ; the underside whitish irrorated wfth brown and tinged with yellow especially on costal and inner areas, a small discoidal lunule and diffused curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, Xew Mexico, Beulah {Code nil), 1 J, Arizona. E^iy. 28 millim. 1G30. Eriopyga pyropis, u. sp. (Plate LXXXVII. fig. 31.) Head and thorax dark brown tinged with rufous ; tarsi with whitish rings; abdomen fuscous brown, the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing purplish brown suffused with briuk-red, leaving the veins dark ; an indistinct waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an oblique waved antemedial line ; orbicular obsolete ; reniform small, figure-of-8-shaped, whitish suffused with brick-red except lower extremity; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa. ERIOPTGA. 343 slightlj- incurved at discal fold, incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa; subterminal line indistinct, pale, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurvcd at middle. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line. Hab. CosxA Riga, Candelaria Mts. {Rogers), Id, 1 2 , type, Godman-Salvin Coll. Exp. 32 millim. *1631. Eriopyga ignescens. (Plate XCIV. fig. 7.) Himella ignescens, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 232 (1903). 6 . Head and thorax purplish red-brown, the scales slightly tipped with grey ; abdomen fuscous, the anal tuft ochreous, the ventral surface purplish red. Fore wing dull brown strongly suffused with purple-red ; an indistinct oblique waved antemedial line; orbicular absent; reniform small, ochreous strongly suffused with vermilion ; postmedial line indistinct, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa; subterminal line indistinct, ochreous slightly defined by fuscous on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing fuscous brown ; cilia pale, with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with fuscous, the costal area tinged with purplish, a small black discoidal spot and indistinct curved postmedial line. Hah. Mexico, Orizaba, type t 6 in Coll. Schaus. Rrp. 20 millim. 1032. Eriopyga iole. (Plate LXXXVII. fig. 32.) Orthodes iole, Schaus, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 237 (1894) ; Driice, Biol. Centr.-Ain., Het. ii. p. 485. Taniocampa oviduca, Druce, Biol. Oentr.-Ara., Het. i. p. 283 (neo Giien.). Head and thorax pale rufous ; abdomen fuscous brown, the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing pale rufous; the costal edge yellowish white ; the veins irrorated with white scales ; the subbasal line represented by some white scales ; the antemedial line indistinct, oblique, waved ; orbicular and reniform brown defined by white, the former irregularly rounded, the latter irrorated with, white ; traces of a waved medial lino ; postmedial line indistinct, minutely waved, slightly bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line formed by a series of white lunulas defined on inner side by small dentate brown marks, angled out- wards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine whitish line at base of cilia. Hind wing whitish suffused with brown, especially on veins and marginal areas. Bah. Mexico, Las Vegas (Ifoer/e), 1 5 ; Guatemala, S. Geronimo (Champion), 1 S , Guatemala Cit'v (Rodrir/ioe:), 1 c? , Godman-Salviu Coll. Exp. (S 30, 2 32 miirun. Type"t in Coll. Schaus. .144 noctuid.t:. 1633. Eriopyga vecors. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 1.) Orthodea rccors, Guen. Noct. i. p. 376 (1852) ; Smitli, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 19',). Orthodfis enervis, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 420 (1852). Cerastis prodeiins, Wlk. x. 452 (1856). Apamea togata, Wlk. xxxii. 672 (1865). Celana velata, Wlk. Can. Nat. & Geol. v. p. 256 (1860). Orthodesgriseocincta, Harv. Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 120 (1873). Orthodes nitens, Grote, Papilio, lii. p. 31 (188-3). Head and thorax yellow or red-brown sometimes tinged with purple ; abdomen ochreous irrorated with fuscous brown, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing red-brown, more or less strongly suffused with purplish and irrorated with white, chiefly on the veins ; an indistinct waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; ante- medial line oblique, waved; claviforra and orbicular absent; reniform a small pale reddish lunule defined by fuscous; post- medial line indistinct, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and more strongly below vein 4, with a series of points beyond it on the veins and some pale points ou costa; subterminal line indistinct yellowish, defined by brown on inner side and b}^ black points at middle, angled out- wards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; some slight dark points on termen. Hind wing yellowish brown, the cilia pale with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule, sinuous postmedial line, and some dark subterminal marks. Ab, 1. prodeuns. Fore wing with the reniform white. Ab. 2. Thorax and fore wing dark purplish brown. Ab. 3. griseocincta. Purplish brown ; fore wing with white irroration, the lines prominently defined by white. Hah. Canada, Montreal (L?/??i«n), 1 (J, Nova Scotia {Ihdman), 1 c? , type jn-odeuns ; U.S.A., N.E. States, 1 (5,3$, type & type griseocincta, Massachusetts, New York, Albany ( W. W. Hill), 1 § , Columbia Distr., Wisconsin, Mississippi. Exp. 28-34 millim. 1634. Eriopyga puerilis. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 2.) Mamestra puerilis, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. vSci. ii. p. 64 (1874) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 200. Head and thorax ochreous, more or less strongly tinged with purplish red and sometimes with grey ; abdomen grey dorsally tinged with fuscous, the anal tuft usually yelloAvish or reddish. .Fore wing ochreous, more or less strongly sutt'used with purplish red ; the veins with dark streaks and grey irroration ; an indistinct waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an oblique waved antemedial line ; orbicular absent or represented by a small white spot with a black streak between it and reniform, which is small, indistinct, pale or with its upper part filled in with white or represented by a figure-of-8-shaped mark ; a diffused medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, where it is angled ; postmedial line sinuous, bent outwards below costa, slightly ■ERIOPrCA. 345 incurved at discal fold and incurved below vein 4, with a series of black points beyond it ou the veins and some pale points on costa ; subtcrminal line oehreous white defined by brown on inner side and often by some small black spots at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal seiies of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia yellowish ; the under- side oehreous irrorated with brown, the costal area sufiused with red, a black discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Washington, 1 $ , California, S. Francisco {Stretcli), 2 J, Mendocino, 3 S type, (Wah-iiKjhain), 1 cJ . Kvj). 30 millim. *1635. Eriopyga rubor. (Plate XC. fig. 8.) Orthudcs rubor, Gueii. Noct, i. p. 374 (1852). 2 . Head and thorax bright rufous slightly tinged with grey ; abdomen oehreous tinged with rufous, the anal tuft oehreous. Fore wing bright rufous with a purplish tinge ; subbasal line represented by a few dark scales ; antemedial line very indistinct, slightly sinuous ; claviforra absent ; orbicular and reniform well- developed, with dark otitlines, the former elliptical; an oblique sinuous medial line from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; post- medial line very indistinct and with a series of dark points beyond it on the veins, slightl)' bent outwai'ds below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line pale defined by fuscous on inner side, slightly- angled at vein 7, then oblique. Hind wing oehreous whitish, the veins and terminal area tinged with fuscous ; cilia oehreous ; the underside with the costal area tinged with rufous and irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal lunule and traces of a sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Brazil, New Fribourg, type t ? in Coll. Oberthiir. Exj). 34 millim. *]G36. Eriopyga leucopera. (Tlate LXXXYIII. fig. 3.) Himclla leucopera, Scbaus, J. K.Y. Eut. Soc. xi. p. 234 (1903). $ . Head and thorax purplish i)ink mixed with white ; abdomen whitish dorsally tinged with fuscous, ventrally with pink irrorated with brown, the anal tuft yellowish. Fore wing jxile ])inkish largely suffused with ferruginous red ; a slight subbasal line from costa to submedian fold, with a fuscous point beyond it in cell; antemedial line brown, slightly defined by whitish on inner side, at middle of cell bent outwards to below orlncular; orbicular and reniform large, rather browner witli whitish annuli, the former round ; an indistinct curved medial line ; postmedial line 1)rown, defined by whitish on outer side and with a series of black and white points on the veins beyond it, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subtcrminal line whitish defined by rufous on inner side, slightly waved and angled outwards at vein 7, the area beyond it rather brighter rufous except the apex which is grey ; a fine waved grey terminal line. Hind Aving 346 N0CTUID.5;. semibyaline white, the veins and costal area ochreous tinged with brown ; the cilia ochreous ; the underside with the costal area ochreous irrorated with brown and with a slight postmedial line on it. Hah. Brazil, Sao Paulo, type t $ in (Joll. Schans. E.vp. 30 millira. *1637. Eriopyga marginalis. CPlate LXXXVIII. fig. 4.) Himella mio-ginalk, Scliaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 233 (1903). $ . Head and thorax red-brown mixed with ochreous and black; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen fuscous brown, the ventral surface ochreous irrorated with red and black. Fore wing reddish brown suffused with dark brown, the basal area with some ochreous ; a double, waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an ill- defined double antemcdial line oblique from costa to submedian fold, then bent inwards to inner margin, angled inwards in cell ; traces of a round orbicular with ochreous annulus ; reniform indistinct, figure-of-8-shape, with pale annulus with ochreous points on it, incomplete below ; an indistinct waved line from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line double, dentate and produced to black and ochreous points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; a wedge-shaped black spot beyond it in discal fold indenting an oblique white subtermiiial band, which is tinged Avith olive towards costa and inner margin and at middle, its outer edge forming the subterminal line, which is incurved at middle and with the area beyond it red-brown ; a terminal series of brown lunules with some white irroration between them. Hind wing dark brown, paler towards base ; cilia rufous, whitish at tips ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with dark brown, the terminal area suffused with purplish pink, a black discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Brazil, Sao Paulo, type f 5 in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 38 millim. d-. Fore wing of male on underside with the cell not clothed with long sjjarse dovvnturned liair. a^. Fore wing with tlie postmedial line excurved to vein 5, then incurved. a*. Hind wing pale, tiie terminal area more or less suffused with brown, ap. Fore wing tinged with ochi'eous contrahens. lr>. Fore wing tinged with purplish red conar. bK Hind wing nearly uniformly suffused with brown. f/p. Fore wing red-brown pcrhrun ncn. //'. Fore wing grey-brown hyposcota. P. Fore wing with tiie postmedial line excurved to vein 4, then incurved. «■'. Hind wing pale at base, the terminal half usually more or less .suffused with brown, especially in female. E in OP VGA. 347 fli. Fore wing vviih the postmedial line ininutely dentate, with dark jDoints beyond it on the veins. a". Fore wing grey - brown tinged \vi(li purplish red imiformis. h^. Fore wing ochreous grey-brown more or less tinged witii rufous. «<". Hind wing with the terminal half largely .suffused with brown. (1*^. Fore wing without medial shade ... (iffurafa. If. Fore wing with medial shade J'lirJ'urata. IP. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area slightly tinged with brown oroha . c®. Fore wing pale rufous ; hind wing with the terminal area not tinged with brown, thcriaidis. h^. Fore wing with the postmedial line dentate, witliout ])oints beyond it on the veins j^oliotis. (•'. Fure wing with the postmedial line not dentate tmieolora. 1>K Hind wing uniform brown. «•'. Fore wing with the renif(.rm filled in with rufous 'viU(L%. h-\ Fore wing with the reniform filled in with pure white. a'''. Fore wing with the lines obsolete tertulia. b'\ Fore wing with the lines present ; some small dentate black marks before sub- terminal line adonea. 1638. Eriopyga contrahens. Cclmm contrahens, Wlk. Can. Nat. & Geol. v. p. 255 (18t)0) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 200. Mamestra thecaia, Morr. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil. 1875, p. 59. Graphiphora contrahens, Grote, Bull. U.S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr. iv. p. 180 (1878). Head and thorax g^reyish ochreous mixed with dark brown ; abdomen greyish ochreous irrorated with browu. Fore wing ochreous, largely suft'ussd and irrorated with fus- cous brown, leaving the inner area and an oblique fascia from apex pale ; the veins irrorated w^ith grey ; subbasal line dark, defined by ochreous on outer side, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antcmedial lino double, filled in with ochreous, oblique, waved ; orbicular and reniform small and rather indistinct, with dark centres and pale annuli, the former round ; postmedial line defined by ochreous on outer side, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; an oblique pale fascia from apex to vein 5 ; no trace of subterminal line ; a terminal series of small black lunulcs ; cilia with ochreous line at base and intersected with ochreous. f***^ 348 NOCTUTD^. Hind wing yellowish brown, the terminal area suffused with brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal lunule, sinuous postmedial line, and terminal series of black striee. Ab, 1. Fore wing tinged with purplish. Hah. Canada, Eenfrew Co., 2(5', 2 $, Nova Scotia; U.S.A., 1 c? , type con^/-a7«eiis, Grote, Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Nebraska, Colorado, California, Mt. Diablo, 1 5 , New Mexico. Exp. 30-34 millim. 1639. Eriopyga conar. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 5.) Agrotis conar, Streck. Lep. Ehop. & Het., Suppl. i. p. 7 (1898); Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. I(j5. Himella quadristignia, Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxii. p. 480 (1900). S . Head and thorax pale reddish mixed With fuscous and some grey; palpi and frons at sides fuscous; tarsi fuscous witli pale rings ; abdomen jjale. Fore wing pale suffused with purplish red- brown and with some dark irroration ; subbasai line represented by double stria? from costa and cell, where there are some black scales on each side of it ; antemedial line double at costa, then rather ill- defined, irregularly waved and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviforra absent; orbicular and reniform with black centres and whitish annuli slightly defined by black, the former small, round, the latter narrow above ; a faint oblique medial line from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line black, defined by whitish on outer side and produced to short black streaks on the veins, slightly bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being darker, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia blackish with a fine pale line at base. Hind wing yellowish white, the veins and termen slightly tinged with brown, a fine dark terminal line ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal spot and waved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Nebraska, 1 S , Utah ; New Mexico, Santa Fe (Cocherell), 1 c? , Arizona. Exp. 32 millim. 1640, Eriopyga perbrumiea. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 6.) Graphiphora perhrunncn, Grote, Can. Ent. xi. p. 28 (1879) ; Smith, Cat. Woct. N. Am. p. 202. Head and thorax clothed with pur])lish red, dark brown, and grey scales and hair ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen grey mixed with dark brown, the anal tuft and ventral surface tinged with purplish red. Fore wing purplish red irrorated with fuscous, the costal area, cell, and terminal area suff'used with fuscous ; the veins irrorated with white scales ; the subbasai line represented by a black striga from costa and small spot below cell ; the antemedial line indistinct, oblique, waved ; orbicular very indistinctly defined, round ; reniform narrow, black defined by white, \cvy incompletely except on outer ERIOPYGA. 349 side; postmedial line rather indistinct, defined l)y whitish on outer side, oblique from costa to vein 0 and incurved below vein 4, with black streaks interrupted by white points on the veins beyond it ; subterminal line indistinct, defined by fuscous on inner side and by diffused fuscous streaks on the veins beyond it, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pale, almost uniformly suffused with fnscous ; cilia yellowish ; the underside whitish irrorated with fuscous, a black discoidal lunule, sinuous postmedial line, and terminal series of black strise. Hub. Canada, Vancouver I. (./. J. WaH:er), 1 S ', U.S.A., Cali- fornia, 2 c? , 1 5 , type. Exp. 32 millim. 1641. Eriopyga hyposcota, n. sp. (Plate XC. fig. 9.) S . Head and thorax grey-brown with a slight rufous tinge ; abdomen fuscous brown. Fore wing grey-brown slightly tinged rufous, especially on terminal area ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line pale grey, obliquely excurved ; claviform absent ; orbicular and reniform small with grey annuli, the former round, the latter constricted at middle; postmedial line pale grey, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 5, then incurved, some more or less prominent slight grey and black streaks beyond it on the veins ; subterminal line grey, defined by fuscous on inner side, very slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, bent outwards to tornus ; a terminal series of small brown spots. Hind wing pale almost uniformly suffused with brown, the cilia, whitish. ITnderside of both wings sufiused with fuscous, on fore wing to subterminal, on hind wing to postmedial line. Hab. Erazil, Bahia, Cachimbo, 1 c? type. Exp. 30 millim. 1642. Eriopyga uniformis. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 7.) Taniocampa, vniformis. Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mas. x. p. 472 (1887) ; id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 202. $ . Head and thorax grey mixed with fuscous and tinged with purplish red ; tarsi blackish with pale rings ; abdomen fuscous mixed with grey. Fore wing grey suffused with purplish red and irrorated with fuscous, the veins with some white points on them ; subbasal line represented by two faint dark stria? from costa; antemedial line very indistinct, double, waved, oblique ; claviform absent: orbicular and reniform small, very indistinctlj'- defined, the former round, the latter with some fuscous in lower part and white points round it ; postmedial line indistinct, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some grey points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line indistinct, grey, slightly defined by fuscous on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle; a terminal series of slight points. Hind wing whitish more or less entirely suffused with fuscous, the terminal area darker ; cilia white with a dark line through them ; the 350 xocrciD.K. underside white, the costal area irrorated with black, a discoidal point, sinuous postmedial line, and some points on termen. Hah. U.S.A., Arizona, Prescott (Kunze), 2 $ . Exp. 28 millim. 1643. Eriopyga aflFurata, nom. nov. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 8.) Himella furfurata. Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. :201 (nee Grote). Head and thorax pale reddish brown mixed with grey ; palpi blackish at sides ; pectus with the hair dark brown in front : abdomen grey-brown, the anal tut't more ochreous. Fore wing greyish, suffused in part with pale rufous and irrorated with fuscous ; subbasal line waved, blackish from costa to subraedian fold ; antemedial line oblique, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform small, with brown centres and pale annuli incompletely defined by fuscous, the former round, the latter with its lower part filled in with black, sometimes with two white points on its outer edge ; medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, then waved ; postmedial line oblique from costa to vein 6, then dentate and produced to points on the veins, incurved at submediau interspace, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line pale, defined by brown on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing whitish, slightly tinged with brown in male, wholly suff"used with brown in female •, the underside whitish, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot, curved postmedial line, and terminal series of points. Ab. 1. Fore wing much more evenly suifused with pale red- brown ; hind wing fuscous brown in both sexes. Hah. Canada, Br. Columbia, Vancouver I. {J. J. Walker), 1 5 ; U.S.A., Hlinois, Colorado, California, Sanszalito, 4 c? , 1 5 , type, Arizona. Exp. 30 millim. 1644. Eriopyga furfurata. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 9.) Himella furfurata, Grote, Proc. Ao. Nat. Sci. Phil. xxvi. p. 201 (1874). TcBiiiocampa fcredia, Grote, Papilio, iii. p. 32 (1883) ; Smith, Oat. Noct. N. Am. p. 201. Head and thorax whitish tinged with pale purplish red and with some fuscous scales ; prothoracic crest tipped with fuscous ; abdomen ochreous irrorated with brown. Pore wing ochreous whitish, sufi'used with pale purplish red and with some dark irro- ration ; subbasal line hardly traceable ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique from costa to submediau fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform large, pale, ver}' indistinctly defined by fuscous scales, the former round, the latter with its lower part filled in witli fuscous and with some white points on its outer edge ; a medial shade, angled at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line indistinct, with a series of dark points beyond it on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line very indistinct, pale with ERiopYGA. r;,")! slight dark shade on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a prominent terminal series of small black spots. Hind wing pale ochreous suffused with brown ; cilia wliitish ; the underside Avhitish irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal lunule, curved postmedial line, and terminal series of dark striae. Hah. U.S.A., Maine, 1 2 , New York, Albany {Meslce), 1 S , 1 2 ^yp6, Vermont. E.v^:). 24 millim. 1645. Eriopyga oroba. Agrotis oroha, Dnice, Biol. Centr.-Aiii., Ilet. i. p. 285, pi. 27. f. 10 (1880). Caradrma blandiija, Dogn, Aun. Soc. Ent. Beige, xli. p. 246 (1897). S . Head and thorax grey to red-brown mixed with grey ; palpi black at sides, whitish at tips ; tarsi black-brown ; abdomen fuscous, the anal tuft and ventral surface ochreous. Fore wing grey to red-brown slightly irrorated with black ; subbasal black points on costa and median nervure ; antemedial points on costa, median nervure, and vein 1, or an oblique waved line ; claviform sometimes represented by a small rufous spot ; reniform small, dark rod-brown slightly defined by ochreous or whitish ; postmedial line indistinct, black, dentate and produced to points on the veins, arising from a small spot on costa, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line indistinct, ochreous or whitish, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, defined by fuscous suffusion on inner side and the area beyond it suffused with fuscous ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia reddish with white and black lines through them. Hind wing white ; the cilia ochreous ; the underside of costal area irrorated with brown, a small black discoidal spot and subterminal series of points towards costa. $ . Abdomen with the anal tuft fuscous ; hind wing with the veins, termen, and cilia rather more tinged with fuscous. The form hkmduja from Ecuador is rather redder than the tj'pical Mexican form. Hah. Mexico, Guerrero (//. IT. Smith), 2 J , 1 $ , type Godman- Salvin Coll.; Ecuador, JiOJa, 1 (S , 2 2 > J'j^vp. 3(5 millim. Type t (S , 2 hlundvja in Coll. Dognin. *1G46. Eriopyga therinistis. (Plate XCIV. fig. 8.) Eriopyga thermistis, Druce, incd. (S . Head and thorax pale rufous ; palpi black except at tips ; abdomen ochreous, the extremity and ventral surface tinged witfi rufous. Fore wing pale rufous, the terminal area suffused with dark rufous ; antemedial line indistinct, waved, with black points on costa and veins; orbicular and reniform small, very indistinctly defined, the former round, tlie latter filled in with ratlier darker brown ; postmedial line represented by a series of black points on the veins with traces of a dentate line between them, sliglitly bent outwards below costa, 352 NOCTUID.E, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; traces of a pale subtermiual line slightly angled outwards at vein 7. Hind wing yellowish white ; the cilia ochreous ; the underside with the costal area tinged with rufous and irrorated with brown, a postmedial dark line on costal area. Hah. Colombia, Sierra del Libane, 6000' (//. //. Smth), typef in Coll. Druce. Ea'2^. 32 millim. 1647. Eriopyga poliotis, n. sp. (Plate LXX XVIII. fig. 10.) Head and thorax brown mixed with grey, the scales tipped with grey ; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing grey-brown, irrorated with whitish and dark brown scales, especially on basal half ; an indistinct oblique waved antemedial line ; claviform absent ; orbi- cular and renit'orm rather large, very indistinct and hardly defined except by some white points round them ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; sub- terminal line represented by a series of small dentate fuscous and white marks, bent outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small dark lunules ; a fine white line at base of cilia. Hind wing white tinged with brown ; the veins and terminal half suffused with brown ; cilia whitish, with a brown line through them ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas thickly irrorated wdth brown, a small discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line with dark streaks on it at the veins. Hub. Ecuador, Riobamba, 1 J , 1 $ , type. £l-pp., c? 42, $ 46 millim. *1648. Eriopyga unicolora. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 11.) Agrotis unicolora, Mssn. Stiabel's Keise, p. 144, pi. vi. f. 27 (1890). (S . Head and thorax reddish brown, some of the hairs tipped with grey. Fore wing reddish brown with a slight purplish-grey gloss; subbasal and antemedial lines and claviform obsolete ; orbi- cular and reniform barely traceable, with faint dark outlines ; postmedial line very indistinct, bent outwards below costa ; ex- curved to vein 4, then incurved ; traces of a dark subterminal line angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing white, the veins, costal and terminal areas suffused with brown ; the underside with discoidal point. Hah. Ecuador, Collanes, Calcitpungo, type t d" in Mus. Berlin. Exp. 34-38 millim. *1649. Eriopyga viuda. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 12.) Celerena viuda, Dogii. Ann. Soc. Ent. Beige, xli. p. 410 (1897). 5 . Head and thorax very dark red-brown, the hairs tipped with ochreous ; tarsi with ochreous rings ; abdomen very dark red- brown. Fore wing dark red-brown irrorated with blackish, the antemedial area, a medial shade, and the terminal area suffused with ERIOPrGA. ERIOPTGODES. 353 blackish ; a slight waved subbasal line from costa to submcdian fold, defined by pale rufous on inner side ; an oblique, waved ante- medial line, defined by rufous on inner side ; orbicular and reniform rather small, indistinct, ferruginous red, the former round ; post- medial line double, minutely waved, filled in with rufous, oblique from costa to vein 7, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subter- minal line indistinct, formed by a series of small ochreous and black lunules, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing dark brown ; the cilia greyish ; the underside irrorated with white, a dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Ecuador, Loja, tyjjc f $ in Coll. Dognin. E.ri-). 32 millira. *1650. Eriopyga tertuUa. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 13.) Perigea tertvUa, Dogn. Ann. Soc. Ent. Beige, xli. p. 27 (18'J7). $ . Head and thorax very dark reddish brown : abdomen fuscous brown, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing black-brown suffused with deep red-brown ; reniform small, pure white ; five ochreous points on costa towards apex. Hind wing dark brown ; the under- side grey thickly irrorated with brown, especially on costal area, a dark discoidal spot and traces of sinuous postmedial and subterminal lines. Hah. Ecuador, Loja, typct 2 in Coll. Dognin. Exp. 30 millira. 1651. Eriopyga adonea. Perigea adonea, Druce, Biol. Cent.-Ain., Het. ii. p. 481, pi. 94. f. 4 (1898). Head and thorax brown with a purplish tinge ; abdomen fuscous, the anal tuft more ochreous, the ventral surface grey irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing brown suffused with purplish and slightly irrorated with white ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submediau fold ; antemedial line oblique, waved, slightly defined by grey on inner side ; orbicular and reniform very small, round, defined by black, the former with a few white scales representing the annulus, the latter with white or ochreous centre ; an indistinct medial line ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, then oblique, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal lino represented by a series of very small black spots with some white scales on their outer side. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia pale with a brown line through them ; the underside pale thickly irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal lunule and sinuous post- medial line. Hah. Costa IIica, Irazu (liogers), 1 J , 3 5 , type, Godman- Salvin Coll. E.rp. 24-28 millim. Genus ERIOPYGODES, nov. Type, E. imhecilla. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi oblique, the 2ik1 joint fringed with long Lair, the 3rd porrcct ; irons smooth ; eyes large, roundi'd ; liead and tliora.x VOL. V. 2 A 354 NOCTtJIDiE. clothed with hair only, the pro- and nietathorax with spreading crests ; tibiae fringed with hair ; abdomen with rough hair at base and lateral fringes, but without crests. Fore wing rather narrow, the apex not produced, the termen curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins o, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with cell near base only. Sect. I. Antennte of male serrate. 1652. Eriopygodes imbecilla. Nodua imbecilla, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii. 2, p. 113 (1794); Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 555 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. Suppl. iii. p. 363, pi. 33. f. 3, a, b ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 194. Mi/thimna dif^jKirilis, Ochs. Schmett. Eur. iv. p. 78 (1816). Mythimna nexa, Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 62, pi. 104. f. 4 (1821). Nocttia aliena. Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 441 (1827). Nodua alpina, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 728, 729 (1827). S • Head and thorax bright rufous ; abdomen fuscous brown, the anal tuft and ventral surface rufous. Fore wing ochreous tinged with rufous, the veins rufous ; antemedial line rufous, sinuous, incurved in cell ; claviform and orbicular absent ; reniforra with indistinct whitish annulus ; an indistinct medial shade oblicjue from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line single, even, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved; sub- terminal line dark, angled outwards at vein 7, then oblique, straight, Fig. 90. — Eriopygodes imbedlla, (^ . a dark patch before it on costa with pale rufous points on it ; a dark terminal line. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia ochreous ; the underside whitish tinged and irroratcd with rufous, a slight discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. 5 . Fore wing deep rufous, the pale reniform prominent. Hah. France, Sand Coll. ; German r ; Switzerland (/S'toMfZwj^fr), Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Atjstria ; Hungary, Leech Coll. ; Bulgaria, Rilo Dagh {Elwes) ; Scandinavia ; IIussia, Esthonia, Frey Coll., Livonia, Zeller Coll., Urals ; Armenia ; W. Turkestan, Tarbagatai, Ala Tau; Siberia; Mongolia, Urga ; E. Siberia, Amur, 1 c^" • Exp. 28-30 millim. Sect. II. Antennoe of male minutely ciliated. A. Fore wing with the antemedial line waved impar. B. Fore wing witli the antemedial line oblique eiididias. ERrOPYOODES. 35: 1653. Eriopygodes impar. Mythimna impnr. Stand. Berl. ent. Zeit. 1S70, p. 117 ; Mill. Icones, iii. pi. 149. ff. 6, 7 ; Stand. Cat. Lcp. pal. p. 194. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with dark broAvn ; tarsi with pale rings. Fore wing brownish grey with some dark irroration, especially in cell and on terminal area ; subbasal line represented by slight dark striae from costa and cell ; a slight black streak in base of submedian fold ; antemedial line double at costa, then indistinct, angled inwards in cell, then waved ; claviform absent ; orbicular and rcniform more or less indistinct, small, with whitish annuli, the former round ; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, bent outwards below costa, then oblique, minutely Fie;. 91. — Eriopygodes impar, (^ . \. waved, some whitish poiiits beyond it on costa ; subterminal line pale grey, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and inwards at discal and submedian folds, the area beyond it darker except at apex ; a terminal series of dark striae. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown ; the underside irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and indistinct curved postmedial line. Hah. S.E. Russia, Sarepta, 2 cj' , Caucasus, 1 c? , D'Emmick Coll. ; W. TuEKESTAX, Saisan. Exp. 30 raillim, 1654. Eriopygodes euclidias. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 14.) Leucania euclidias, Meyr. Fauna HavTaii. i. p. 140 (1899). Head and thorax pale to bright rufous ; abdomen fuscous, the anal tuft, lateral fringes, and ventral surface rufous. Fore wing pale to bright rufous, often more or less suffused with dark brown or fuscous ; subbasal line indistinct, pale, curved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line more or less distinct, oblique, double, often filled in with whitish ; orbicular a white point with dark annulus ; reniform represented by an obli(|ue white bar the inner side of its annulus, sometimes with some white points re- presenting its outer side, narrow and somewhat angled inwards on median nervure ; postmedial line indistinct, double, filled in with pale colour or whitish, bent outwards below costa, then oblique and minutely waved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subter- minal line indistinct pale or more or less prominent white, defined by fuscous on inner side, sometimes extending to postmedial line and forming a distinct band, very slightly incurved at discal and submedian folds. Hind wing pale or whitish, slightly or deeply 2 A 2 356 NOCTUID^. suffused witli fuscous especially in female, sometimes leaving tlie costal and terminal areas "whitish ; the underside pale, the costal area suffused with rufous and irrorated with white. Ah. 1. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform conjoined by a white streak in lower part of cell. Ab. 2. Fore wiug without white centre to orbicular. Ab. 3. Fore wing with the white on reniform replaced by yel- lo^Yish, the orbicular sometimes with yellow centre. Ab. 4. Vertex of thorax, basal area of fore wing, cell and area on each side of subterminal line suffused with fiery red. I/ab. Hawaii, Kauai. Mt. Waimea, 4000' (Perlivs), 0 d' , 1 ? type, Olaa, 6 cJ , 2 2 , Kilauea, 1 $ , Haleakala, 5 c? , 7 $ , Kona {PerJcins), 1 c? . Kvji. 30-40 millim. Genus NEPHELODES. lype. Nciyhelod.es, Guen. Noct. i. p. 129 (1852) emmedonia. Monosca, VVlk. Char. Undescr. Het. p. 29 (18()9) emmedonia. Monostola, Alph. Eom. Mtini. vi. p. 37 (1892) asiatica. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned, the 2nd joint fringed •with hair, the 3rd moderate ; frons smooth ; eyes large, rounded ; antenna of male bipeetinate, typically with short branches ending in a bristle, the apical part serrate ; head and thorax clothed with hair only, the pro- and metathorax with spreading crests ; tibiiB fringed with hair ; abdomen witli dorsal series of crests. Fore wing broad, the apes rectangular, the termen rounded ; veins iJ and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upjier angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing witli veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from just below middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with cell near base only. Sect. I. {Monostola). Antenniie of male bipeetinate to apex, the branches long. A, Fore wing with the postmedial line excurved above inner margin asiatica. E. Fore wiug with the postmedial line not excurved above inner margin injans. 1655. Nephelodes asiatica. Monostola asiatica, Alph. Rom. Mem. vi. p. 37, pi. 2. f. 7, a, b (1892); Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 19-4. Fig. 92. — Kephelodes asiatica, ^ . \. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen bright rufous ; antennae yellow. Fore wing bright rufous with very slight dark irroration ; the veins and medial area slightly darker, especially towards inner margin ; traces of a subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antcmcdial ITEPHEL0DE3. 35'J lino obliquely curved from costa to submedian fold ; claviform well developed, indistinctly dotiued by dark brown ; orbicular and reui- form indistinctly defined by brown, the former rounded ; postmcdial line bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 6, slightly angled inwards at discal fold, oblique to submedian fold, then excurved ; subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being slightly darker. Hind wing yellowish, the terminal half suffused with fuscous ; cilia rufous' except towards tornus ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas suffused with rufous, a discoidal spot and indistinct sinuous postmcdial line. Hah. Tibet, Kuku-noor, 1 S , Amdo ; W. Cuina. Exj^. 42 millim. *1656. Nephelodes infans. Monostola infans, Alpb. Kom. Mem. vi. p. Si) (1892); Slaud. Cat. Lop. pal. p. 194. Mi/thimna pectinata, Alph. Hor. Soc. Ent. Eoss. xsvi. p. 450 (1892) ; id. Eoiu. Mem ix. p. 32, pi. 2. f. 4. S . Head and thorax bright rufous ; antennae ochreous ; abdomen pale red-brown, the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing bright rufous ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then erect ; orbicular and reniform defined by brown, the former round, the latter somewhat constricted at middle ; postmcdial lino minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, oblique below vein 4 ; the subterminal line only defined by slight dark irroration beyond it and before it at costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle. Hind wing dark reddish brown, the cilia rufous ; the underside pale suffused with reddish brown ; a discoidal lunule and indistinct curved post- medial line. Hah. Tibet, Kuku-noor, in Coll. Piingeler, Amdo; W. China. Exp. y() millim. Sect. II. Anlenna; of male hipfcLinate with moderate branches, With .short bristle at extremity. A. ITind wing white, the terminal area tinged with brown ... tertialis. B. Hind wing wholly suffused with brown pectinata. 1657. Nephelodes tertialis. (riate LXXXVIII. fig. 15.) Ncphelodcs tertialis, 8mith, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 19 (1903). S . Head and thorax, dark purplish red-brown ; antenna) rufous ; abdomen ochreous white suffused with rufous. Fore wing purple- brown with slight greyish irroration ; the veins darker ; the medial area deep red-brown from subcostal nervure to vein 1 ; subbasal line represented by a slight dark striga from costa ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique, waved ; traces of a small pale claviform ; orbicular and reniform well-developed, purplish, indistinct, the former rounded, the latter somewhat angled inwards on niediiu nervure and defined by a pale line on outer side; jwstmediul lino indistinctly double, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, 358 NOCTUTD^. then incurved, some pale points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, augled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle; traces of a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing yellowish white, the veins and terminal area tinged with rufous ; the underside with the costal and terminal area tinged with rufous. Hah. Canada, Manitoba, Winnipeg, 1 J cotype ; U.S.A., Colo- rado (CocJcerell), 1 J . Exj). 40 millim, 1658. Nephelodes pectinata. NephelocJes pectinaiiis. Smith, Can. Ent. xxxii. p. 221 (1000) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 161. J . Head and thorax chocolate-brown with a purplish tinge ; fore tarsi fuscous with pale rings ; abdomen pale rufous. Fore wing pale purplish rufous slightly irrorated with fuscous, the veins streaked with fuscous ; the medial area deep chocolate from subcostal nervure to vein 1 ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an oblique waved antemedial line ; orbi- cular and reniform moderate, pale, the former somewhat elliptical ; postmedial line bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then Fig. 93. — Nephelodes pecfinaia, c?. i-. strongly incurved, some pale points on costa beyond it ; subter- minal line formed of obscure sagittate rufous marks, somewhat angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine dark terminal line. Hind wing fuscous brown with a reddish or purplish tinge; the cilia ochreous white ; the underside pale ochreous thickly irrorated with rufous and the terminal area suffused with fuscous ; a dark discoidal spot. 2 . Head, thorax, and fore wing more tinged with purple, the last with the medial area concolorous. Hab. Canada, Vancouver I. (J. J. Walker, Mathcw, Cronq^ton), 4 c? , 1 $ . ^>J'. 42-50 millim. Skct. III. {Nephelodes). Antennsu of male bipectinate, with short branches with long bristle at extremity. 1659. Nephelodes emmedonia. Noctna emmedonia. Cram. Pap. Exot. iii. p. 92, pi. 247, D (1779). Ncphelode-s minians, Guen. Noct. i. p. 130 (1852) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 172. Nephelodes violans, Guen. Noct. i. p. 130(1852). Gruphiphora expansa, Wlk. x. 390 (1856). NEPHELODES. — POLIODES. 359 Graphiphora suhdohns. Wlk. x. 405 (lS5fi). Mo7iosca subnotuta, Wlk. Cliar. Uiidescr. Het. p. 29 (18G9). Head and thorax bright rufous with a purplisli tinge ; tarsi banded with fuscous ; abdomen ochreous tinged with rufous. Pore wing pale rufous suffused with rosy purplish, the area between the medial and postmedial lines deep rufous except costal and inner areas : subbasal line represented by a pale striga on costa : ante- medial line oblique, waved, excurved in submedian interspace ; medial line rather diffused, oblique, excurved in cell ; orbicular and reniform of the ground-colour, well developed, the former rounded, very indistinctly defined ; postmedial line minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale Fig. 94. — Ncphelodes cmmedonia, ^ \. points beyond it on costa; subterminal line more or less strongly defined by fuscous on inner side, minutely dentate, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle; a terminal series of minute points sometimes present. Hind wing yellowish suffused with brown, rather more strongly towax'ds termen ; the cilia pinkish ; the underside yellowish more or less strongly tinged with pink, a dark discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. violans. Head, thorax, and fore wing more purjile and without the red tones. Hah. Canad.v {Norman), 1 J, 1 $, Nova Scotia {Redman)^ 2 c? , 1 § ; AV. Canada, Orilla (Bush), 3 c? type, expansa ; U.S.A., E. States, 5 c? , 3 $ , type violans. New York, 1 $ , Hlinois, 1 $ , Virginia ; hab. ign. 1 S type subdolens, 1 2 type suhnotata. Exp. 40-58 millim. Larva. Head dark brown, unmarked. Body uniformly cylin- drical, grey-brown ; dorsal and subdorsal lines broad, straight, pale yellow; sides paler, with a faint diffuse pale lateral line. Sub- stigmatal band broad, even, pale yellow, the subventral region and venter pale. Feet black at base. Feeds on grass, etc. — H. G. D. Genus POLIODES, nov. Type, T.JlavideniuIa. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned, the 1st and 2nd joints fringed with long Imir in front, the 3rd moderate, porrect ; frons stnooth ; eyes large, roiuided, overhmig by long cilia ; head and thorax clothed with scales and hair; antennae of male ciliated; vertex of head tufted; teguliB dorsally produced into a sharp ridge; pro- and nietathorax with spreading crests ; tibia fringed with hair ; abdoioen w ith dorsal scries of crcsts and 3G0 NOCTUIDJE. fringed with hair at sides. Fore wing with veins 3 and f) from near angle of cell ; 0 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form tlie areole : 11 from cell. 11 ind wing with veins 3,4 from angle of cell; 5 ob.-,olesceQt from middle of discocellulars ; ti, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with cell near base only. A. Fore wing with subterminal series of small whitish liinules. a. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform distinctly defined flavidentula. h. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform indistinct ... violaacens. B. Fore wing without subterminal series of yelluwish-white lunules .' viola. *1660. Poliodes flavidentula. Mamcstra flavidentula, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 230 (1903). S . Head and thorax grey mixed with reddish brown ; palpi blackish at sides ; frons with black bar above ; tegulae with black medial Hue ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen grey mixed with reddish brown and dorsally suifused with fuscous. Fore wing grey slightly irrorated with reddish brown ; subbasal line re])resented by double black strife from costa and cell ; a black streak in base of submedian fold and Fig. 95. — Foliodes flavidentula, J. \. another on inner margin before the antemedial line, which is double, waved, angled outwards below costa and inwards on vein 1 and to inner margin ; claviform large, triangular, finely defined by black; orbicular and reniform large, grey with fine black outlines and reddish centres, the former rounded ; a medial reddish-brown line, oblique from costa to vein 2, then dentate ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, and with a V-shaped black mark on its inner side beyond the extremity of claviform, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal "line represented by a scries of small yellowish-wliite lunules defined by dentate black marks on inner side and with black streaks from them to the termiiuil lunules ; cilia grey, with brown lines at base and tips, interrupted at the veins. Hind wing whitish suffused with brown, except in interspaces of bascil two- thirds ; cilia white, with brown lino near base ; the underside white, the marginal areas suffused with brown, a black discoidul spot and postmedial sinuous line with dark stria? at the veins. Hah. Chili, type t c? in Coll, Schaus. Exp. 44 millim. POLIODES. — TRICHOPOLIA. 361 *1661. Poliodes violascens. Xylina violascens, Mssn. Stubel's Reise, p. 146, pi. vii. f. 1 (1890). Head and thorax purplish grey ; abdomen whitish, sufFased with "brown towards extremity. Pore wing purplish grey irrorated with fuscous ; subbasal line represented by a black point on costa and a patch below cell with short white streak on it ; antemedial line represented by two points on costa and a mark on inner margin with short white streak on it ; orbicular defined by brown at sides and below ; reniform hardly traceable ; postmedial line slightly waved, bent outwards below costa, incurved to vein 4, where it is angled outwards, then strongly incurved and with dark patch with short white streak on it below the cell on its inner side ; sub- terminal line represented by a series of black spots with white marks on them ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous, the lower part of cell and area below it white. HaK Ecuador, Paramo de Alao, 12000'. Exp. 40 millim. This species is unknown to me ; structural characters examined by Prof. Karsch. *1662. Poliodes viola. (Plate XCIV. fig. 9.) Poliodes viola, Druce, iued. 5 . Head and thorax purple-grey mixed with brown ; ])al|)i red- brown except at tips ; abdomen brown, the crests tipped with grey, the base pale at sides, the anal tuft and ventral surface vinous red. Pore wing purple-grey irrorated with brown ; sub- basal line indistinct, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; ante- medial line indistinct, waved, oblique ; claviform rather small, incompletely defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, almost confluent, defiaed by black, the former elongate elliptical, the latter ill-defined below and angled inwards on median uervure ; postmedial line oblique from below costa to vein G, then dentate, incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line represented by a series of small wedge-shaped black marks, oblique from near ajjex to above vein 6 and from below vein G to above vein 2 ; some black points on termen. Hind wing white, the veins and marginal areas tinged with brown ; cilia white at tips ; the underside with small dis- coidal spot, traces of a postmedial line on costal area and some points on termen. Hah. N. Peru, Huancabamba, 8000', type in Coll. Druce. E.VI). 50 millim. Genus TRICHOPOLIA. Type. Trichopolia, G rote, Tapilio, iii. p. 76 ( 1883) dentatella. Proboscis aborted, minute ; palpi porrect to beyond frons, frinj^ed with long hair ; frons smooth ; eyes rather siTiall, reniform, very hairy, and overining by cilia; antenna; of male typically bi pectinate with short branches at right angles to shaft, serrate at base and extremity ; head and thorax clothed witii long liair and without crests; tibi;c hairy; abdomen without dors:il crests and with lateral fringes of long hair. Fore wing rather narrow, the apex produced and 362 NOCTUID.E. the teruien obliquely curved ; veiu 3 from near angle of cell ; 4, 5 from angle ; <> from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 7, 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base onlj-. Sect. I. Antennje of male bipectinate. A. Fore wing with tlie median nervure defined by grey streaks. B. Fore wing with the median nervure not defined by grey ... ursina. dentatella. 1663. Tricliopolia ursina. Lathosea iirsina, Smith, Can. Ent. sxx. p. 324 (1898) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 173. 6 . Head and thorax clothed with grej' mixed with olive-brown hair ; sides of palpi and frons blackish ; abdomen brownish grey. Fig. 9G. — Tricliopolia ursina, c? • !• Fore wing whitish grey tinged with brown, leaving tlie costal and terminal areas rather paler ; the cell with two blackish fascial ; a black fascia from base above submedian fold, and another below it from before middle to subtermiual line ; an oblique series of dashes from near termen above vein 6 where they are very short to vein 2 where they extend to cell ; vein 1 more or less streaked with black ; orbicular and reniform very small, pale, undefined, the former somewhat elliptical. Hind wing grey irrorated with brown and with brown terminal line ; the underside with black discoidal lunule. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, Glenwood Springs (Barnes), 1 cJ » Garfield Co. Exjy. 35-40 miilim. *1664. Trichopolia dentatella. (riate LXXXVIII. fig. 16.) Tricliopolia dentatella, Grote, Papilio, iii. p. 77 (1883) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 164. J . Greyish fuscous tinged with olive. Fore] wing svith the markings very indistinct ; traces of a waved antemedial line angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform, orbicular, and reniform moderate, indistinctly defined by black, the orbicular round ; traces of a minutely waved postmedial line, bent outwards below costa, ex- curved to vein 4, then oblique ; a series of blackish streaks in interspaces of terminal area ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, with some dark points on rermen. Hah. U.S.A., Arizona. Exp. 30 miilim. This species is un- known to me ; figured from a drawing from type in Brooklyn Inst. Arts k, Sci. TRICUOPOLIA. — STEETCHIA. 363 SiccT. II. Antenna; of male serrate and fasciculate. *1665. Trichopolia serrata. Trichopolia serrata, Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Miis. xxii. p. 479 (1900); Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 161. S . Head and thorax dai'k brown with a few ochrcous scales ; abdomen dull grey. Fore wing ochreoiis suffused with fuscous brown, the markings rather indistinct; subbasal line pale, defined by some black scales on each side ; antemedial line double, filled in with pale colour, nearly erect, the outer line fine, interrupted ; claviform broad, elongate, acute at extremity, fuscous defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, pale defined by black, tha former round ; postmedial line double, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then slightly incurved, a black streak from it to termen below vein 5, the veins of terminal area darker; sub- terminal line pale, irregular, interrupted, without defining shades ; a terminal sei'ies of small black lunules. Hind wing white, with a fine terminal fuscous line ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with fuscous, a blackish discoidal spot. Hah. U.S.A., Texas. Exji. 25-28 millim. This species is unknown to rae. Genus STRETCHIA. Type. Stretchia, H. Eclw. Proc. Cal. Ac. Sci. v, p. 26(5 (1874) plusiceforviis. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned, fringed with very long hair in front ; frons smooth and with tuft of hair ; eyes moderate, rounded, overhung by long cilia ; antennae of male bipectinate, with rather long branches tapering to base and extremity ; head and thorax roughly clothed with long hair and scales, or hair only ; the teguUv produced to a distinct ridge, the pro- and metathorax with distinct crests; tibi^ fringed with long hair; abdoraini with dorsal crest on basal segment and lateral fringes of hair. Fore wing with the apex produced and acute, the termen obliquely curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 stalked ; 8 anastomosing with cell near base only. A. Fore wing with the stigmata defined by black. a. Fore wing with the medial area suffused with red-brown, muricina. b. Fore wing with the medial area not suffused with red- brown. «\ Hind wing wholly suffused with fuscous plus i(sfor mis. /)\ Hind wing white irrorated with fuscous variabilis. B. Fore wing with the stigmata pale, not defined by black. a. Fore wing dark grey inferior. b. Fore wing silvery grey with a yellowish tinge and suffused with purple-brown sojcea. 166(3. Stretchia muricina. (riate LXXXVIII. fig. 17.) Acerra muricina, Grote, Bidl. Puff. Soc. Nat. Sci. iii. p. 85 (1875) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 208. S . Head and thorax clothed with purplish-red, rufous, and grey 364 NOCTUIDiE. scales and hair, redder in front ; teguloe with brown line near extremitj^ ; patagia edged by black above ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen red-brown. Fore wing red-brown, the ante- and post- medial .areas suffused with purplish grey, the costal area irmrated with white: a slight subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; an obli(]uc waved antemedial line ; orbicular and reniform forming a broad V or U-shaped mark truncate below, whitish with grey irroration defined by some white, and with ferruginous patch on outer side of^ reniform, some deep brown or blackish suffusion in middle, at sides, and below it ; i)ostraedial line dentate and pro- duced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points on costa beyond it; terminal area whitish, more or less tinged with brown and ex- tending to inner side of subterminal line at middle, this line being indistinct, pale, defined by a dark brown bar before it towards costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle ; slight dark streaks on the veins towards termen and a terminal series of dark lunules. Hind wing reddish brown ; the underside grey irrorated and suffused with reddish brown, especially on marginal areas, a large black discoidal spot and indistinct sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Canada, Br. Columbia, Vancouver, 4 S ; U.S.A., Oregon. Ej-p. 32 millim. 1667. StretcMa plusiseformis. Stretchia plusiceformis, H. Edw. Pi-oc. Gal. Ac. Sci. v. p. 2()7 (1874) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 208. (S . Head pale rufous, the frontal tuft white and deep rufous; tegulfe pale rufous at base, the tips white with three dark brown lines; thorax white, mixed with dark brown hair and scales ; abdomen pale rufous. Fore wing bluish white irrorated with dark Fig. 97. — Stretchia plusies/ormi^, (^ . \. brown ; a slight dark streak below base of cell ; a subbasal line from costa to eubmedian fold ; antemedial line oblique, waved, obsolescent on inner area ; orbicular and reniform conffuent below and forming a broad U-shaped mark, indented below, whitish irrorated with brown, defined at sides and below by a dark brown line with slight rufous suflfosion round it, the reniform with ferru- ginous mark on outer side and dark striga at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line indistinct, minutely waved, well separated from reniform, excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved ; sub- terminal line indistinct, pale, defined by black-brown on inner side i STRETCHIA. ?.6o promiuently towards costa and inner margin, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightlj' excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small dark lunules. Hind wing grey tinged with brown ; the cilia ochreous white ; the undei'side grey irrorated with dark brown, a diseoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., Nevada, 1 S . Exp. 38 millim. Subsp. 1. Much darker; fore wing rather broader ; stigmata not conjoined, the orbicular oblique elliptical, the renit'orm oblique oblong, the area round them slightly darker; postmedial line closely approximated to reuiforra and straight from below costa to vein 4-. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado {Bruce), 1 S • Larva. Head rounded, shining brown, sutures and mottlings on the sides pale. Cervical shield shining umber-brown, mottled with pale and a pale dorsal line ; anal plate similar without central line. Body whitish, densely mottled with red-brown. Dorsal and lateral lines narrow, obscure, whitish ; stigmatal band broad, white, obscure, red-filled, just covering the spiracles. Spiracles white, black-ringed ; feet pale. Food-plant, wild gooseberry. — H, G. D. 1G68. Stretchia variabilis. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 18.) Stretckia varlnh/l/s, Smitli, Traus. Am. Eiit. Soc. xviii. p. 119 (1891) ; id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 208. Head and thorax clothed with black-brown and blue-grey scales and hair mixed ; frons with black bar ; tegula3 with grey tips ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen ochreous mixed with black. Fore wing blue-grey thickly irrorated with fuscous, the medial area suffused with fuscous except towards costa and inner margin ; the veins streaked with black ; subbasal line black, waved, from costa to submedian fold, in which it is followed by a black streak bent down to vein 1 basally ; antemedial line defined by grey on inner side, oblique from costa to below cell, then erect ; orbicular and reniform grey irrorated with fuscous and defined by black except above, the former somewhat oblique elliptical, and approxi- mated or conjoined at lower extremity to the latter ; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line grey, slightly defined by black on inner side, more strongly towards costa and inner margin, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, with a slight pinkish tinge and irrorated with brown scales; some purplish-brown hair on inner margin ; a terminal brown line ; tlie underside with black diseoidal lunule showing througli to upperside. JIah. U.S.A., Colorado (Bruce), 2 c? , 1 $ . Exp. 40 millim. *lG(i9. Stretchia inferior. /), 1 d" , 1 $ type & type turhida, {Enys) 1 S -, Marlborough {SlccUon, Matheiv), 2 c? , 2 $ , type skelloni, Otago (IJuiton), 1 c? • £xp. 38-42 millim. Eggs. Greenish white. Larva. Young : semilooping ; pale brown with black warts emitting several long bristles. Adult: pale greenish brown, yellowish ventrally ; subdorsal line represented by four oblique black marks on posterior segments ; MORTITSONTA.. 369 lateral line formed by black marking near posterior edge of each segment ; lateral area clouded with yellowish green or pink ; anal segment dull yellow ; head brown, with two black stripes and some black points. Food-plant, Dock. 11-12. 1673. Morrisonia mutans. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 21.) Hadcna mutans, Wlk. xi. 602 (1857), c? ; Hiwjsop, New l^ealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 18, pi. iv. fT. 34-6 & pi. iii. f. 15. Hudeiia lignifusca, Wlk. xi. 603 (1857). Xylina spurcata, Wlk. xi. 631 (1857), J. Xylina vexata, Wlk. xxxiii. 755 (1865). Mamestra angiista, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 109, f. 18 .(1874). Mamestra accepirix, Feld. Eeis. Nov. pi. 109. f. 19 (1874). Hadena dehilis, Butl. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 385, pi. xlii. t. 6. S . Head and thorax red-brown mixed with greyish ; tegulge with prominent medial black line edged with white above ; patagia edged with some black; tarsi with pale. rings; abdomen reddish brown. Fore wing red-brown slightly irrorated \\nth fuscous, the costal area paler on basal half; the veins slightly .streaked with black ; a sinuous black streak below base of cell ; the snbbasal line represented by black strite from costa ; an oblique black bar on inner area before the antemedial line, whicb is double at costa, then interrupted, waved, oblique from costa to submedian fold ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, with slight greyish annuli defined b}^ black, the former round or rather oblique elliptical, open above ; an indistinct somewhat sinuous medial line ; the medial area in and below cell suft'osed with black ; postmedial line double at costa, then indistinct, somewhat dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, incurved below vein 4 and angled inwards in submedian fold, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish, defined on each side by black except towards costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and incurved in submedian fold, where there is a largo dentate black mark before it ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing reddish brown ; the cilia pale with a brown line throiigh them ; the underside pale irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. Uf/nifiisca. Fore wing without black suffusion in and below cell. 2 . Much greyer and with hardly any red-brown tiijgc ; fore wing with the postmedial area whitisli. Ab. 2. dehilis. Fore wing with the postmedial area not whitish. Ab. 3. Fore wing whitish with slight brown suffusion, Hab. New Zeal.\nd {Sinclair), 1 $ , {Cobaso) 1 $ ,{Bolton)4d , 10 2 , type and types lignifusca and spvrcata, {Enys) 1 cT , 2 $ , type dehilis, (J. J. Walker) 3 2, Auckland (O.vle]/), 1 c? , 1 $ type vexata, Otago (Ilutton), 2 $ , Marlborough (Skellon), 1 $ > Wellington (Maihew), 2 $, Dunedin {Purdie), 1^,1$. E,vj). 34-42 millim. Larva. Kather stout, with the anterior segments wrinkled ; dorsal 370 NOCTTJIDJF. surface usually reddish brown ; lateral line broad and black ; a series of subdorsal black stripes; ventral surface green. Sometimes the markings are hardly visible, and the colour is entirely green or brown. JFood-plant, Plantago. *1674. Morrisonia paracausta. Mamestra paracausta, Meyr. Trans. N.Z. Inst. xix. p. 15 (1886) ; Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 15, pi. iv. f. 28. Head whitish mixed with reddish ochreous, the frons with two black bars ; thorax and abdomen grey mixed with white and black ; tegulfe mixed with reddish ochreous and with medial black line ; patagia black at outer edge ; legs ochreous white mixed with black. Fore wing pale ochreous irrorated with fuscous and whitish towards costa, in female whiter ; a sinuous black streak below cell to postmedial line defined below by brown to ante- medial line, then by a brown patch above which is dilated on terminal area to apex and tornus ; the lines slender, dentate, the antemedial line defined with whitish on inner side ; claviform obsolete ; orbicular and reniform hardly traceable ; postmedial line incurved in submedian interspace, where it is defined by white on outer side ; subterminal line represented by dentate white marks on veins 4 and 3 extending to termen and a double mark above tornus ; cilia ochreous mixed with whitish and fuscous. Hind wing grey mixed with white ; an indistinct postmedial line and interrupted terminal line. Hah. New Zealand, Mount Arthur, Castle Hill, Invercargill. Exp. 37 miUim. This species is unknown to me. Larva closely resembles that of M. ochthistis. *1675. Morrisonia bromias. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 22.) Melanchra bromias, Meyr. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1902, p. 273. S . Head and thorax grey tinged with rufous and mixed with fuscous ; frons with blackish lateral bars ; tegulse with diffused blackish medial band ; patagia with black line near upper edge ; abdomen pale rufous dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing brown-pink suffused with fuscous, leaving pinkish patches near base, on inner medial area and beyond the cell ; a black streak below base of cell and an oblique streak above inner margin before middle ; subbasal line represented by two slight strias from costa ; antemedial line defined by pinkish on inner side, oblique from costa to submedian fold, angled inwards on veins 1 and again to inner margin ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reni- form pinkish and fuscous with slight grey ocelli defined by black, the former rather quadrate, open above and below, the latter with whitish discoidal lunule at centre : postmedial line rather indistinct, defined by pinkish on outer side, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, strongly in submedian MORRISONIA. 371 fold, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line defined by the area beyond it being blackish, with somewhat dentate black marks beyond it and before it in sub median fold, dentate at veins 7, 6, 4, 3, and excurved to tornus, some whitish on it at veins 7, 6, 3, and a diffused patch at inner margin ; a terminal series of small black hxnules. Hind wing ochreous suffused with fuscous ; a fino terminal line ; cilia whitish with a brown line through them ; the Tinderside greyish irrorated with brown, a discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. New Zealand, Chatham I., type t in Coll. Meyrick. E.vp. 42 millim. *167G. Morrisonia agorastis. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 23.) Mamestra agorasUs, Meyr. Trans. N.Z. lust. xix. p. 18 (1887) ; Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 18, pi. v. f. 30. (S . Head and thorax bright red-brown with a purplish tinge and mixed with a few white scales ; abdomen pale rufous. Fore wing purplish red-brown irrorated with grey : subbasal line defined by grey on each side and waved from costa to submedian fold ; antemediul line defined by grey on inner side, waved and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform small, indistinctly defined by grey and blackish scales ; orbicular and reniform moderate, with fuscous centres and white annuli defined by black, the former rounded and slightly produced on outer side ; traces of a diffused curved medial line ; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, minutely den- tate, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish, some- what dentate, defined on inner side by very indistinct small dentate brown marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing ochreous, uniformly suffused with brown ; cilia ochreous white with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, especially on costal and terminal areas, a discoidal spot, traces of a sinuous postmedial line and some black lunules on termen. Hah. Neav Zealand, Wellington, Akaroa, Lake Guyon, typo f c? in Coll. Meyrick, Exp. 38 millim. 1677. Morrisonia mucens. Septis mucens, Hubn. Zutr. Ex. Schniefct. iii. p. 9, ff. 41.'), 41G (1827) ; limith. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 2.31. Xylina mulfifaria, Wlk. xi. 628 (18.57). Xylina spoliata, Wlk. xi. 769 (1857). Head and thorax ochreons white mixed with dark brown ; frons with black bar; tegula) with black medial line; patagia edged with black; abdomen brownish ochreous irrorated with black. Fore wing ochrcoiis white more or less tinged with rufous, sometimes nearly uniformly suffused with dark brown ; a sinuous l)lack streak below base of cell, and a streak above inner margin rear base ; '2 b 2 372 N0CTTTTD2E, the subbasal line represented by double oblique black striae from costa; antemedial line double and distinct at costa, then less pro- minent, strongly angled outwards in submedian fold and above inner margin ; claviform with its extremity slightly defined by black and with a dark brown or black patch between it and post- medial line ; orbicular and reniform indistinctly defined by brown, the former large, oblique elliptical, the cell before and between them more or less tinged with dark brown ; postmedial line dentate, double at costa, then single, bent outwards below costa, 98. — Morrifonia mucens, ^J. excurved to vein 4, then incurved, distinctly defined by white on outer side below vein 2, some white points beyond it on costa : subterminal line only defined by triangular dark brown patches on termen between veins 7 and 4 and 3 and submedian fold, the apical and tornal areas tinged with bluish white ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white slightly tinged with brown, the terminal area suffused with brown ; the underside white irrorated witli brown, a discoidal spot and curved punctiform postmedial line. JTah. U.S.A., Middle, Southern, and Central States, Florida, St. John's Bluff {Donhleday), 3 S , type spoliata, 1 $ type multi- faria, Missouri, Texas, 1 J • J^^vjo. 34 millim. 1678. Morrisonia sectilis. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 24.) Xylophasia stctilis, Guen. JVoct. i. p. 141 (1852) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 232. Norrinonm rileyana, Smith, Ent. Am. vi. p. 212 (1890) ; Smith, Cat. Noot. N. Am. p. 231. S . Head and thorax pale rufous ; frons with black bar ; tegulae with black medial line ; patagia black except at edges ; tarsi black with pale rings ; abdomen pale rufous irrorated with black. Fore wing ochreous tinged with rufous, a dark rufous and black fascia from base through submedian interspace to termen, extending to inner margin at base ; black streaks below base of cell and above base of inner margin ; subbasal line represented by double oblique black striae from costa ; antemedial line represented by double black striae from costa, then less prominent and acutely angled outwards in submedian fold and above inner margin ; clavi- form very obscurely defined; orbicular and reniform with rufous MORRISONIl. o73 centres and ochreous annuli, the forraer large, oblique elliptical, open above; postmedial line dentate, double at costa, bent outwards below costa, exeurved to vein 4, then incurved, delined by whitish 01) outer side below vein 2 ; subterminal line only defined by tri- angular dark patches on termen between veins 7 and 4 and 3 and submedian fold ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia dark intersected by ochreous. Hind wing ochreous tinged with fuscous brown, especially on terminal area ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and curved punctiform post- medial line. Ab. 1. Ground-colour much whiter and with slight rufous tinge. Hah. U.S.A. {Douhleday), 1 d" type, Missouri, Texas, 2 J , Grote Coll. Exp. 38 millim. 1G79. Morrisonia bisulca. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 25.) Mamestra bisulca, Grote, Can. Eut. xiii. p. 230 (1881); Smith, Cat. Noet. N. Aiu. p. 232. Head and thorax brown mixed with grey ; patagia edged with blackish ; tarsi blackish with pale rings ; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing grey, almost entirely suffused with reddish and dark brown ; the veins streaked with black ; a black fascia in submedian fold from base to vein 2 ; subbasal line represented by an oblique striga from costa; the antemedial line very indistinctly defined by whitish, angled outwards below costa and strongly above inner margin ; orbicular and reniform small, whitish defined by black, the former iregularly elliptical, a black streak between them ; post- medial line almost obsolete, dentate, bent outwards below costa, exeurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white spots beyond it on costa ; subterminal line defined by the area beyond it being dark with black streaks in the interspaces, strongly angled outw^ards at vein 7 and dentate nearly to termen at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing brown, greyish at base ; cilia with the tips whitish ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot. Hab. U.S.A., Arizona, 1 J , 1 $ typo. Exp. 40 millim. Sect. II. Antennje of male serrate and fasciculate. A. Fore wing with tlie orbicular aiifl reniforin confluent evicla. B. Fore wing with tlie orbicular and reniform not confluent. a. Fore wing with the reniform angled inwards on median nervure ivjidclis. b. Fore wing with the reniform not angled inwards on median nervure. . Fore wing witli the ground-colour deep red-brown vitiosa. b^. Fore wing with the ground-colour rufous. «*. Fore wing with white streak on base of subcustal nervure iiifcnsa. 1)^. Fore wing without white stroak on base of subcostal nervure ruhcscrtn. 374 NOCTUID^. 6'^. Fore wing with the gronnd-colour grey. d^. Fore wing not tinged with olive-green. a^. Fore wing with the orbicular large, elongate usiislriga, P. Fore wing with the orbicular small, round lithias. b'^. Fore wing tinged with olive-green homoscia. 1680. Morrisonia evicta. Cloantha evicta, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. i. p. 84, pi. 2. f. 18 (1873) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 232. Cloantha vomerina, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. i. p. 84, pi. 2. f. 17 (1873). Head and thorax white slightly mixed with brown ; palpi dark brown at sides ; frons with black bar ; tegulaj with black medial line and brown tips ; thorax dark brown mixed with grey; abdomen ochreous white mixed with dark brown, the anal tuft with a purplish tinge. Pore wing dark reddish brown suifused with white, especially on base of costal area, some ochreous in cell and base of submedian fold ; the veins streaked with black ; a black streak in base of sub- median fold ; the subbasal line represented by double oblitjue striae from costa ; the antemedial line by a striga from costa, then inter- rupted, strongly angled outwards above vein 1 and inner margin and Fig. 99. — Morrismiia evicta, cT. \. slightly defined by white ; orbicular and reniform ochreous with whitish annuli and defined by black above and below, the former produced as an ill-defined streak in cell towards base and with a prominent black streak below it, the latter angled inwards on median nervure and confluent with the former ; postmedial line obsolescent, dentate^ produced to white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; the subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being dark brown with blackish streaks in the interspaces, running obliquely to apex ;■ vein 4 at ex- tremity and vein 3 strongly defined by white streaks ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing whitish tinged with brow-n, the terminal half strongly suifused with brown ; the under- side whitish, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a black discoidal spot and curved postmedian line. Ab. 1. vomerina. Fore wing A^ith the costal half whitish and strongly contrasting with the inner half which is blackish. Hah. Canada ; U.S.A., New York, (i J ,2 5 ^ type and type vomerina^ isTew Jersey, Illinois^ E.vp. 36 millim. MORRISONIA. 375 1681. Morrisonia infidelis. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 26.) Morrisonia infidelis, Grote, Can. Ent. xi. p. 206 (1879) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 232. S . Head and thorax purplish red-brown slightly mixed with grey ; frons with black bar ; tegulse whitish at base and with strong black medial line ; patagia edged with blackish ; abdomen purplish brown and grey. Fore wing purplish brown, the costal and inner areas suffused with grey ; the veins streaked with black ; a diffused black fascia above basal half of vein 1 ; the subbasal line represented by indistinct double oblique striae from costa ; the antemedial line with an oblique striga from costa, then interrupted, indistinctly angled outwards above vein 1 and inner margin and obscurely defined by white : orbicular and reniform with rufous centres and greyish annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, entire, the latter ill-defined above and angled inwards on median nervure to below the former : postmedial line very strongly dentate, indistinct and slightly defined by white on outer side, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; the subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being dark with blackish streaks in the interspaces, running obliquely to apex ; vein 3 strongly defined on each side by white streaks; a terminal series of small black luuules; cilia purple-brown intersected by greyish. Hind wing whitish tinged with browm, strongly on terminal half; cilia white at tips; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and postmedial series of striae on the veins. Bab. U.S.A., Michigan, 1 J type. Exp. 40 millim. 1682. Morrisonia vitiosa. Apamea vitiosa, Butl. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 384, pi. 42. f. 3 ; Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 20, pi. iv. f. 40. Mamestra proteastis, Meyr. Trans. N.Z. Inst. xx. p. 45 (1888). Head and thorax deep purplish red-brown mixed with black and a few whitish scales ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen fuscous, the anal tuft, sides, and ventral surface rufous. Fore wing deep purplish red-brown more or less completely suffused with black, the veins irrorated with a few whitish scales ; subbasal line double, often tilled in with ochreous, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; ante- medial line double, often filled in with ochreous, waved and angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform rather small, defined by black; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, the latter with ochreous spot with points above and below it or series of points on outer edge ; postmedial line double, sometimes filled in with ochreous, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal lino rufous or ochreous, defined by minute dentate black marks on inner side and lunules on outer, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4 and 3, the area beyond it darker; 37G NocTuiu^i the ternieii creilulate, with series of white points da vdns and small black lufaules in interspaces. Hind wing dark reddish brown ; the underside paler and irrorated with white, a dark discoidal lunule. Hah. New Zealand (Enys, Slcellon, Mathew), 4 cJ , 2 $ , tyjie, JS,vp. 30 millim. Larva. Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 20, pi. iii. f. 16. 'Very pale green above with numerous white lines and dots, dark greerJ below with yellow dots ; a dorsal series of black spots forming a triangle on each somite ; thoracic and posterior somites with pink lateral stripe, entire in the young stages. Food-plant, Melkoj^e simplex. 10; 168&. Morrisonia infensa. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 27.) Orfhosia infensa, Wlk. xi. 748 (1857) ; Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 23, pi. t. f. 12. Mamesira arachnias, Meyr. Traus. N.Z. Inst. xix. p. 23 (1887). $ . Head and thorax bright rufous ; frons with black bar ; tegular ■With black medial line defined by white behind: fore tibiae whitish; abdomen dull reddish brown. Fore wing bright rufous, the veins rather darker ; a white streak on subcostal nervure to antemedial line ; subbasal line represented by a very oblique white-defined black striga from costa ; antemedial line with black and white strife at costa, then indistinct, doublej dentate, oblique to submedian fold ; claviform and reniform absent ; orbicular defined by a curved white streak above ; postmedial line with black and white striae at costa, then indistinct, double, highly dentate, strongly bent outwards below costa and angled inwards in submedian fold ; subterminal ine represented by a series of very slight white marks angled inwards in submedian fold. Hind wing fuscous with a reddish tinge; the cilia rufous; the underside ochreous white tinged with rufous and irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. New Zealand, 1 § type, N. Island, Napier, S. Island, Blenheim. Exp. 40 millim. 1684. Morrisonia rnbescens. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 28.) Xi/hrphasia. rnhesec77.% Butl. Cist. Ent. ii. p. 489 (1879); Hudson, New "Zealand Moths & butterflies, p. 25, pi. v. 1'. 18. Head and thorax pale ferruginous ; tegtilaB with more or less developed black medial line ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; abdomen pale ferruginous, sometimes dorsally tinged ■Vvifch fuscous. lore wing pale ferruginous ; the veins with streaks formed of dark scales ; the medial area below the cell usually suffused with darker ferruginous ; subbasal line represented by doable rufous stri* from costa and cell ; antemedial line indistinct, doublej highly dentate ; claviform indistinctly defined by rufous j MOREISONIA. 377 orbicular and rcnitbrm defiued by rufous, tlie former elongate elliptical, open above and with a black point on its inner side, the latter more or less filled in with black; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line verj' indistinct, double filled in by paler colour, dentate and produced to a double series of dark points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, sometimes nearly obsolete, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subtermiual line represented by a series of pale and rufous dentate marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen at veins 4, 3, with deep rvifoiis patches beyond it at middle and tornus ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing rufous suffused with fuscous, the termen and cilia redder ; the underside pale rufous with some darker irroration, a slight discoidal spot and traces of a postmedial line. Hah. New Zealand {J. J. WaJlcer), 1 6 , Otago (Ilutton), 1 (S type, Dunedin (Ptirdie), 2 cj' , 1 $ , Mount Arthur, Castle Hillj Lake Wakatipu. Earp. 44 millim. 1685. Morrisonia ustistriga. (Plate LXXXYIII. fig. 29.) AyUiia ustistriga, Wlk. xi. 630 (1857) ; Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 2fi, pi. t. f. 20. Xylina lignisecta, Wlk. xi. 631 (1857). Head and thorax purplish grey mixed with dark brown and more or less suffused with ferruginous ; tegulae witt slight dark medial line ; abdomen grey suffused with ferruginous except at base. Fore wing purplish grey, irrorated with dark brown and more or less suffused with ferruginous; subbasal line represented by double black striae from costa and cell ; antemedial line represented by double black stria3 from costa, then very indistinct, single, oblique to submedian fold, angled inwards on vein 1 and outwards above inner margin ; claviform strongly defined by black, acute at extremity, often with a black streak from it to postmedial line ; orbicular and reniform large, strongly defined by black, the former open above, ])roduced on outer side and often connected by a black streak with the latter ; postmedial line represented by double striae at costa, then indistinct, minutely dentate, incurved below vein 4^ in submedian fold oblique and prominently black defined by white on outer side, some white points bej'ond it on costa; subtermiual line grey, defined by slight dentate black marks before it below costa and at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3, in submedian fold angled inwards and connected with postmedial line by brown suffusion with a black streak on it ; a terminal series of l)lack lunulcs ; cilia grey, with a rufous line through them. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia whitish at tips ; the undcr.sidc pale irrorated with brown and the costal area suffused with rufous, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. 2 without any ferruginous or rufous tint. llah. New Zealand {Colenso, Bolton, J. J. Walker), 4 c? , 4 $ , 378 NOCTD]D.B. type & tj'pe lignisecta, Auckland {Oxley), 1 J, Otago {Button), 1 c?, 1 $ , Marlborough (Shellon), 2 $ , Dunedin {Purdie), 1 J , 1 $ . ^ar^. 42-48 millim. Larva. On honeysuckle. *1686. Morrisonia lithias. Mamestra lithias, Meyr. Trans. N.Z. Inst. six. p. 17 (1886) ; Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 17, pi. iv. 1'. 33. S . Head and thorax white thickly irrorated with fuscous and black ; patagia with two indistinct black streaks ; abdomen grey ; legs grey irrorated with white and banded with black and white, the spurs with black medial band. Fore wing fuscous irregularly suffused with grey, the veins irrorated with black and white ; the lines double tilled in with white, minutely dentate : claviform small, round, black with white point at centre ; orbicular and reniform with fuscous centres and white annuli defined by black, the former small, round ; subtermiual line pale, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to near termen on veins 4, 3 ; cilia chequered grey and white. Hind wing grey with a darker terminal line; cilia white with a grey line through them. Hah. New Zealand, Castle Hill. Exp. 33 millim. This species is unknown to me. 1687. Morrisonia homoscia. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 30.) Mamestra h(}moscla,'^'L&yv.TrAX\$. N Z. Inst. xix. p. 21 (1886); Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 21, pi. v. f. 7. $. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with red-brown. Fore wing pale grey-brown thickly irrorated and suffused with dark brown and tinged with olive-green, the veins irrorated with white ; the subbasal line represented by double dark striae from costa and cell ; antemedial line indistinct, double, waved ; claviform absent ; orbicular and reniform with indistinct pale annuli defined by black, the former round ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line double, somewhat dentate and prodiiced to black and white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa; subterminal line pale defined hy brown on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing dark brown ; the cilia pale at tips ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. New Zealand, Marlborough Province (Skellon), 1 $ , Wel- lington. Exj). 44 millim. Larva. Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, pi. 3. f. 10. Dorsal area green, with whitish dorsal and subdorsal lines with series of white points between them ; lateral and ventral areas brown ; stigmata red, the substigmatal line pale brown. Food- plant, Pomaderris ericifolia. MORKISONIA. 379 Sect. III. Antenna; of male ciliated. A. Pectus and ventral .surface of abdomen of male clothed with long rough hair, forming lateral frieges on the latter which has long tufts of hair from base. a. Fore wing with the costal area paler than ground-colour. . stipuia. b. Fore wing with the costal area not paler than ground- colour. a^. Fore wing with the subterminal line rufous dotata. b\ Fore wing with the subtermiual line whitish ochthistis. 1688. Morrisonia stipata. Xylina stipata, Wlk. xxxiii. 7f)3 (1865) ; Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 25, pi. v. f. 17. Head and thorax ferruginous mixed with ochreous and usually more or less black ; fore tibiae pale with rufous points, the tarsi ringed with black. Fore wing ochreous suffused with rufous, and more or less with fuscous except on costal and postmedial areas : the veins irrorated with dark scales ; the subbasal line represented Fig. 100. — Morrisonia stipata, (^ . {. by double dark stria? from eosta and an ochreous striga from cell intersecting an ill-defined black streak above vein 1 ; a dontato mark above inner margin near base ; anteraedial line double, filled in with ochreous, waved, oblique from costa to median nervure, angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviforra short and broad, defined by black; orbicular and reniforra defined by blackish, the former very oblique elliptical, with rufous centre, the latter with fuscous centre and incomplete ochreous annulus forming a lunule on outer edge ; an indistinct medial line obli(|uc from costa to median nervure, then waved; postmedial line double filled in with ochreous, dentate and produced to a double series of dark points on the veins, bent out- wards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points o n costa beyond it ; subtermiual line ochreous more or less corapletel y defined by rufous on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 an d dentate to tcrmen on veins 4 and 3, the area beyond it suffused wit h fuscous except at apex; a terminal series of small black luiiules ; cilia chequered rufous and fuscous. Hind wing fuscous with a rufous tinge; a pale subtermiual spot on vein 2 ; cilia ochreous intersected with rufous : the underside ochreous tinged wi th 3S0 NOCTUIDJly. rufous, the cos;tal and terminal areas irrorated with black, a discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line with dark streaks at the veins. Hah. New Zealand {J. J. Wallxr), 2 6 ., 1 ? , Auckland (Oxlei/), 1 2 type, (Emjs) 2 § , {Matheiv) 1 6 , Otago {HiUtoii) 1 c5' , Duuedin (Purdie) 1^,2$. Exj:). 48 millim. 1689. Morrisonia dotata. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 31.) Dasypolia dotata, Wlk. xi. 522 (1857); Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 24, pi. v. f. 16. S . Head and thorax dark rufous, the tegulae and patagia edged with dark brown ; spurs banded with ochreous ; abdomen rufous, darker dorsally. Fore wing deep rufous suffused in part with ftlscous, chiefly on medial and terminal areas ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; a curved mark above inner margin near base ; antemedial line double, waved, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform well developed, filled in with blackish and defined by black ; orbi- cular and reniform large, defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, with fuscous centre, the latter with its inner part fuscous, its outer pale ; an indistinct waved medial line ; post- medial line double, the outer indistinct, dentate and produced to short streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line rufous, defined on inner side by a black and brown shade, angled inwards in submedian fold, the area beyond it darker, waved, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine waved black terminal line ; cilia chequered rufous and fuscous. Hind wing dark rufous tinged with fuscous ; the underside irro- rated with grey and whitish at base, a discoidal lunule, waved post- medial line, and diffused subterminal band. Hah. New Zealand (Colenso), 1 6 type, Nelson, Wakapuaka. Exj). 50 millim. 1690. Morrisonia oclithistis. (Plate LXXXVIII. fig. 32.) Mamesira ochthistis, Meyr. Trans. N.Z. Inst. xix. p. 20 (1887); Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 20, pi. iv. f. 42, & pi. iii. f. 16 (larva). Head and thorax bright rufous mixed with black ; tegulae with ochreous medial line ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen rufous, tinged with fuscous in female. Fore wing bright rufous more or less irrorated and suffused with black, especially on medial area ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line double, irregularly waved ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, the latter often with whitish spot or points on its outer edge ; a blackish medial shade, oblique from costa to cell ; post- medial line double, strongly dentate, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line ochreous, defined by fuscous on inner side, more MORRTSONIA. 381 strongly at middle, the area beyond it suffused with fuscous or -with dark streaks on the veins, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4 and 3 ; termen crenulate, with waved black line. Hind wing fuscous brown with a reddish tinge ; the underside pale irrorated with brown, a black discoidal lunule and curved post- medial line. Hah. New Zealand, Dunedin (Enys, Purdie, J. J. Walker), 2 c? , 5 5 , Christchurch, type t in Coll. Meyrick, Wellington. Exp. 36 millim. Larva. Green, with white lines and points on dorsal area and yellow points on ventral ; a pink lateral stripe on first five and last two somites, in early stages entire ; claspers pinkish. Food-plant, Melicope simplex. B. Pectus and ventral surface of abdomen in male normally scaled. a. Fore wing with the subterminal line not dentate tartarcBa. b. Fore wing with tliesubterniinnl line more or less dentate. a^. Fore wing with black streak below base of cell. rt^. Fore wing witli tlie cell filled in with black ovwplaca, h"^. Fore wing with the cell not filled in with black covfma. b^. Fore wing without black streak below base of cell. a'-. Fore wing with the subterminal line pale, wall- defined. a^. Fore wing with the postmedial line acutely angled inwards in submedian fold lignana. b^. Fore wing with the postmedial line incurved in submedian fold morosa. b'^. Fore wing witii the subterminal line represented by- indistinct dentate dark marks. ci^. Fore wing witli black suffusion on inner area ... prionistis. P. Fore wing without black suffusion on inner area. /?*. Fore wing with the ground-colour brownish gi-e V temperata, 6'. Fore wing with the ground-colour purplish frrey phricias. 1(591. Morrisonia tartaraea. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 1.) Graphipkora farfara>a, Butl. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 384, pi. xlii. f. 2; Hudson, New Zealand Moths & ButteriHes, p. 21, pi. v. f. (i Head and thorax dark red-brown, the head and tegula) greyer ; abdomen dark brown, the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing dark brown tinged with grey, the inner medial and terminal areas with rufous; subbasal line double filled in with grey, waved, from costa to sub- median fold ; antemedial line double filled in with grey, waved ; clavif'orm moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform reddish incompletely defined by black, the former oblique elliptical ; the area between and beyond them darker ; a dark medial shade, oblique from costa to median nervure and angled inwards in sub- median fold ; postmedial line represented by double dark striic from costa, then by a slight series of points, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line blackish towards costa. then pale defined by rufous, angled outwards at vein 7 iind 382 HOCTTJID^.. excurved at middle. Hind wing dark brown, the cilia pale at tips ; the underside irrorated with grey, a slight discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Bah. New Zealand (Eii7js\ 1 c? type, (MatJieiv) 1 $,(«/. J. Walker) 1 $ , N. Island, Murimutu Plain, S, Island, Christchurch. Exji. 42 millim. *1692. Morrisonia omoplaca. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 2.) Mamestra omojdaca, Meyr. Tr. N.Z. Inst. xix. p. 24 (1887) ; Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, ^. 23, pi. v. f. 13. 5 . Head and thorax pale rufous mixed with grey, the palpi and vertex of head with some blackish ; tegulse with black medial line and grey and fuscous tips ; prothoracic crest grey and fuscous ; patagia fuscous tinged with grey ; tibiae irrorated with black ; abdomen pale ochreous brown, the ventral surface irrorated with black. Fore wing ochreous white suffused and irrorated with rufous ; an oblique band from vein 1 near base to cell and the cell except at base filled in with black ; a sinuous black streak below base of cell defined by ochreous above ; the subbasal line repre- sented by two oblique black striaj from costa ; antemedial line double, waved, angled inwards on vein 1 and strongly outwards above inner margin ; claviform moderate, fuscous black defined by black ; orbicular and reniform fuscous with whitish annuli defined bv black, the former rather elongate elliptical, the latter with whitish discoidal lunule ; postmedial line indistinctly double, strongly dentate, bent outwards below costa, oblique below vein 4, and strongly dentate inwards in submedian fold ; subterminal line pale, defined on inner side by slight, somewhat dentate rufous marks and some fuscous at costa, the area beyond it mostly suffused with black except at apex, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly dentate at veins 4 and 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia with a fine pale line at base. Hind wing pale, uniformly sufiosed with fuscous brown, the cilia whitish with a fuscous line through them ; the underside greyish irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal spot and traces of a sinuous postmedial line. Hah. New Zealand, Lake Coleridge, liakaia, type t $ in Coll. Meyrick. Exp. 42 millim. 1093. Morrisonia confusa. Auchmis confusa, Hiibn. Zutr. Ex. Sehmett. iii. ff. 495-6 (1827) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 232. Xylina wfnicf.uosa, Wlk. xi. 627 (18.57). S . Head and thorax red-brown mixed with grey and black ; frons with black bar ; tegulae with black medial line ; patagia edged with black ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen grey irrorated with red-brown and fuscous. Pore wing greyish suffused with red-brown and irrorated with black, the veins streaked with black ; a sinuous black streak in base of submedian fold ; the subbasal line MOURTSONTA. . 383 represented by double black strite from eosta ; the anteraedial line with a dark striga from costa, then indistinct and strongly angled outwards above vein 1 and inner margin ; claviform incompletely defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with obscure ochreous aunuli incompletely defined by black, the former oblique elliptical ; the postraedial line strongly dentate, black defined by ochreous on outer side, strongly bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique; the subterminal line very obscurely defined by the Fig. \0\.^-Morri!>o7iia confiisa, (^. ]•, area beyond it being slightly darker, with blackish streaks in the interspaces, running obliquely to apex, and with pale dentate marks on veins 4 and 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia intersected with ochreous. Hind wing ochreous white tinged with brown, especially on terminal area ; the veins dark ; a dark terminal line ; the underside whitish, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial series of striae on the veins. Hab. Canad.^ ; U.S.A., Eastern States, 3 S type infructuosa, Texas, 1 S , California. Ea-j). 40 millim. Larva. Head round, shining light red-brown, reticulate in lighter and paler over the clypeus. Jjody shaded in vinous red, with a rounded, quadrate, deep vinous patch laterally above the spiracle on joints 2 to 12. Fine whits dorsal, lateral, and suprastigmatal lines. Shields not chitinized, coiicolorous ; spiracles white, finely black-rimmed. rood-i)lants : Willow, etc. — H. G. D. 1694. Morrisonia lignana. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 3.) Haclena lignana, Wlk. xi. 7 ''8 (1857); Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 26, pi. v. f. 19. Head and thorax brownish grey slightly mixed with rufous ; tegulte and patagia with black linos near upper edge ; abdomen grey irrorated with fuscous, the anal tuft pale rufous. Fore wing brownish grey irrorated with fuscous and sometimes tinged with purplish, the costal area and veins rather paler; the subbasal line represented by double black stria) from costa and cell, interrupting a slight black streak above vein 1 ; antemedial line doable, dentate, oblique from costa to median nervure, and strongly angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform short and broad, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, tlie former elongate elliptical, open 384 I70CTTJIDJ5. above and wath black point on its inner side, the latter with its lower part filled in with fuscous and slightly angled inwards on median nervure ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line more or less indistinct, strongly dentate and produced to a series of black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on eosta ; subterminal line ochreous white, defined on inner side by fuscous marks at middle and below vein 3, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to terraen on veins 4 and 3 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous, with slight pale mark on termen at submedian fold ; cilia ochreous, with a brown line near base ; the underside whitish irrorated with fuscous, a diseoidal spot and more or less indistinct postmedial line. Hah. New Zealand [EarlX 1 S type, {Eiiys) 1 $ , {Matlieiv) 1 $ , Marlborough {Skellon) 1 § , Wellington, Mount Hutt. E.vp. 42 millim. 1695. Morrisonia morosa. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 4.) Xylophasia morosa, Bull. Cist. Ent. ii..543 (1880). Mamestra pelistis, Meyr. Trans. N.Z. Inst. xix. p. 20 (1887)"; Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 19, pi. v. ff. 3, 4. Head and thorax red-brown mixed with grey and a few dark scales ; frons with black bar ; tegulae with medial black line ; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing pale brown, more or less strongly suffused with purplish red : subbasal line double, waved, from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line double, waved, oblique ; claviform small, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with fuscous centres, and pale annuli defined by black, the former round ; postmedial line indistinct, minutely dentate and produced to black and pale points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and slightly incurved below vein 4, some pale points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line grey or ochreous, angled -outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4 and 3, the area beyond it suffused with fuscous except at apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia whitish at tips ; the underside whitish irrorated with bjown, a slight diseoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Nab. New Zealand (Skellon, Mathew), 2 c? , 1 2 type, Wel- lington, Paikakariki, Akaroa, type f j>eZts, 7 shortly stalked; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base. Sect. I. Antenna of male bipectinate, with rather long branches, the apex simple. A. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform confluent... b'^hre^isiana. B. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform separate. a. Fore wing without black streak below base of cell erythrnlita,. h. Fore wing with black streak below base of cell h\emnli<. 390 NocTuiDJi;. 703. Xylomania behrensiana. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 10.) Graphiphora behrensiana, Grote, Can. Ent. vii. p. 71 (1875) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am, p. 208. $ . Head and thorax dull brown mixed with grey ; abdomen brownish white irrorated with dark brown. Fore wirg brownish grey, suffused with brown to the subterminal line and thickly irrorated and striated with black-brown; the costal edge pale; subbasal line blackish, defined by pale colour on outer side, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line defined by whitish on inner side, oblique from costa to above inner margin, then angled inwards ; orbicular and reniform defined by whitish, confluent and forming a celt-shaped mark ; postmedial line double filled in with whitish, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, incurved below vein 4 ; the veins of terminal half streaked with whitish ; subterminal line whitish, excurved below costa and at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pinkish white with slight dark irroration, especially on marginal areas ; the underside with small black discoidal spot, curved postmedial series of points on the veins and terminal series. Bab. U.S.A.., California, 1 § type. Exp. 40 millim. 1704. Xylomania erythrolita. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 11.) Graphipliora erythrolita, Grote, Can. Ent. xi. p. 208 (1879) ; Smith, Cat. Noct, Jf. Am. p. 208, Head and thorax purplish grey mixed with dark brown ; shaft of antennae crimson in male ; palpi tinged with crimson ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen grey mixed with fuscous. Fore wing purplish grey irrorated with dark brown, especially on basal half: subbasal and antemedial lines represented by slight dark spots on costa; orbicular and reniform dark with greyish annuli, the former small, round, the latter obliquely curved ; traces of an oblique medial line from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line indistinct, produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and below vein 4; subterminal line indistinct, interrupted, whitish defined by brown on inner side, prominently towards costa and inner margin, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of brown stria). Hind wing grey suftused with brown, especially on terminal area; the underside grey irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and curved postmedial eeries of points on the veins. Ab. i Much more rufous in colour, Uah. U.S.A., California, 5 c? , 1 2 ■> type. Eccp. 34 millim. 1 705, Xylomania hiemalis, Xiilomigcs hicmaJis, Grote, Bull. 13uff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 71 (1874) ; 'Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 2:«. Dryohota californica, Eehr. iStreck. I,op. Ehop. & Het. p. 94 (1874). Head and thorax grey mixed with brown and black ; frons with XTLOMANIA. 391 black bar ; tegulae with black medial line ; tarsi ringed with black ; abdomen pale reddish, ventrally mixed with grey. Fore wing bhiish grey irrorated with fnscous and black ; a waved black streak below bas3 of cell; the subbasal line represented by an oblique black striga from costa ; antemedial line oblique, waved ; claviform well-developed, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, with orange and black scales at centre and grey annuli defined by black, the former irregularly rounded and open above : postmedial line double, indistinct, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line whitish, defined by dentate black marks on inner side and by the area beyond it being darker, running obliquely from apex, dentate at veins 4, 3, and incurved Fig. 104. — Xylomanla hiemalis, (^ . \. at discal and submedian folds ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing white, more or less strongly irrorated with fuscous ; a terminal series of dark striae ; the underside with black discoidal lunule and sinuous punctiform postmedial line showing through on upperside. Hal. Canada, Vancouver I. (W. H. Danhj), 3 d , 1 2 ; U.S.A., California, Sanzalito, 1 6 ; Oakland, 1 $ type. Exi^. 34-38 millira. Sect. II. Antennje of male witli short branches, the apex simple. A. Fore wing with black streak below base of cell. a. Fore wing tinged with bluish, the black markings very prominent i^aMidior. b. Fore wing tinged with brownish 'peritalls. B. Fore wing without black streak below base oi' cell cognata. *170G. Xylomanla pallldior. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 12.) Xylomigcs pallkUor, Smith, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. vii. p. 227 (1899) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 158. J . Head and thorax bluish white mixed with some black, palpi black at sides ; frons with black bar ; tegula? with black medial line ; patagia with black streak on lower edge and some black scales near upper edge ; tarsi with black rings ; pectus tinged with pink ; abdomen wliitish tinged with purplish pink and irrorated with black. Fore wing bluish white irrorated Avith fuscous, the base of inner margin tinged with pinkish ; a sinuous black lino below base of cell connected with the claviform, which is defined by 392 NocTciDj::. black ; subbasal line represented by two striae from costa ; ante- medial line double, waved, oblique, intersected by an oblique black streak in cell running to upper edge of orbicular, which is defined by black, oblique elliptical, open above and confluent below with tho reniform, which is dehned by black, has blackish centre and has its lower part intersected by a black streak ; a diffused black medial shade, oblique from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line indistinctly double, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line repre- sented by a series of wedge-shaped black spots produced as streaks to termen towards costa and inner margin ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing white irrorated with blackish, and the costal and inner areas tinged with pinkish brown ; a discoidal lunule, postmedial series of short streaks on the veins, and series of marks on termen and cilia, all more distinct on underside. Hah. Canada, Br. Columbia, in U.S. Nat. Mus. Exp. 42 millim. . 1707. Xylomania peritalis. (Plate LXXXIX. fig, 13.) Xi/lomiges peritalis, Smith. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xv. p. 69 (1892); id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 23o. S . Grey mixed with vinous brown ; palpi blackish ; tegulae with black medial line ; patagia edged with black ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen pale rufous. Pore wing white irrorated with fuscous and slightly tinged with pale vinous at base ; a black streak below base of cell ; subbasal and antemedial lines repre- sented by dark strigse on costa ; claviform very large, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform very large, almost contiuent, defined by black, the former produced at lower extremity, the latter some- what constricted at middle ; traces of a medial shade towards costa and inner margin ; postmedial line represented by two striae on costa and one on inner margin ; subterminal line only defined by some black streaks before its medial part and in the interspaces beyond it, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia chequered white and black. Hind wing white, the inner area tinged with pale rufous ; a black terminal line ; the underside with large black discoidal lunule and postmedial series of black stria? showing through to upperside. Hah. U.S.A., Oregon, Colorado, Glenwood Springs {Barnes), 1 cj" . E.vp. 40 millim. 1708. Xylomania cognata. Xylomiges cognata. Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 78, pi. t. f. 3 (1894) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 158. Head and thorax white mixed with black ; tegulae with black medial line ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen pale rufous. Fore Tving white, irrorated with pale brown and fuscous and sometimes tinged in parts with ochreous ; a double, waved, black subbasal line from cost a to subracdian fold; a double, oblique, waved antemedial XJLOMANIA. 393 line, angled inwards on vein 1 ; claviform well-developed, short, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, rounded, sometimes almost confluent, incompletely defined by black ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line indistinct, dentate, bent outwards below Fig. 105. — Xylomania cognata, (^ . \, costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved ; subtermiual line white, defined on each side by black marks except towards costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4 and 3, then in- curved, the area beyond it rather darker ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered white and black. Hind wing white slightly irrorated with black ; a terminal black line ; the underside with discoidal spot and postmedial punctiform line showing through to upperside. IJah. Canada, Vancouver I. ( W. If. Danhy), 4 d' , 3 $ ; U.S.A., Oregon, Colorado. Exp. 38 millim. Sect. III. Auteunre of male serrate and fasciculate. A. Fore wing with black streak below base of cell. a. Fore wing with the ground-colour brownish grey ruhrica. b. Fore wing with the ground-colour white simplex. 33. Fore wing without black streak below base of cell. a. Fore wnig not suH'used with red-brown. a^. Fore wing ncit suifused with black. a'-. Fore wing with the indistinct subtermiual line strongly angled inwards on vein 4 indurata. b'^. Fore wing with the indistinct subtermiual line notangled inwards on vein 4 curialis. b^. Fore wing largely suffused with black. «'-. Foi'e \Viug with the ground-colour blue-grey Candida. b'^. Fore wing with the ground-colour whitish dolosa. b. Fore wing strongly suffused with red-brown perlubeiis. 1709. Xylomania rubrica. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 14.) Gra-phij>hora ruhrica, Karv. Can. Ent. x. p. 58 (1878) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. Jh. Am. p. 234. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish grey ; frons with black bar ; tegula3 with blackish medial line ; patagia with some black scales on edges ; abdomen with dark irroration ; tarsi banded with black. Pore wing brownish grey, suffused with rufous from orbicular above vein 2 to subtermiual line, sometimes with a distinct curved black shade on lower part of this area ; an irregular black streak below base of coll; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to sub- 394 NOCTUIDiE. mediau fold ; antomedial line double, waved, uoarly erect ; clavi- form slightly defined by black ; orbicular aud renifurm defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, open above, grey or rufous with grey annulus, the latter rufous with grey aunulus ; postmedial line double, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, incurved below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish, sometimes finely defined by black on inner side, the area beyond it dark except at apex, where there is a grey patch, angled outwards at vein 7, then nearly straight ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia grey mixed with dark brown. Hind wing white, some brown irroration on the veins and inner area ; a terminal lunulate black line ; the underside with brown irroration on costal area, a black discoidal lunule showing through to upperside, and a postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. Hah. U.S.A., Oregon, California, San Raphael, 1 $ type, Havilah, 1 $ . Exp. yS millim. 1710. Xylomania simplex. Acronycta simplex, Wlk. xxxii. 618 (18()5) ; Siiiitb, Oat. Noct. N. Am. p. 233. Xylomiges cruciaUs, Harv. Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 277 (1875). Head and thorax white mixed with grey ; frons with black bar ; tegulae with black medial line ; patagia edged with black ; tarsi ringed with black ; abdomen grey tinged with rufous. Fore wing white thickly irroratcd with fuscous ; a strong black streak below base of cell ; the subbasal line represented by an oblique black striga from costa, the antemedial line by strise from costa and inner Fig, 106. — Xylomcmia siiiiplox- , (J. ,. margin ; claviform large, more or less completely defined by black ; orbicular large, oblique, wedge-shaped, open above, defined by a black patch or streak before it in cell, and the oblique medial black shade beyond it from costa to median nervure ; reniform large, rounded, with some orange at centre, an incomplete black outline and a prominent semicircular black mark below it ; postmedial line represented by a series of black stria) on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved, sub- terminal line only defined by a series of short black streaks in the interspaces beyond it, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia intersected with black. Hind wing white, with series of black stria) on termen ; the XYLOMANIA. 395 underside with black discoidal spot and postmedial series of stria) showing through to upperside. Hab. Canada, Vancouver I. {Dr. LyaU, W. H. Danly\ 2 S type ; U.S.A., Washington, 1 $ , Oregon, Portland, Colorado, California, Sanzalito, 2 c5" , 1 $ , type crucialis. Exp. 36-4-1 millim. Larva. Head very slightly bilobed, shining brown, the sutures and mottling on the sides lighter. Body green or brown, finely dotted with white; dorsal, lateral, and suprastigmatal lines fine, white, straight. Shields very slightly chitinized, lighter than the body, pale, unmarked. Spiracles black, surrounded by reddish. Food-plants, various shrubs. — H. G. D. 1711. Xylomania indurata. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 15.) Xylomigcs indurata, Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 80, pi. iv. f. 7 (1894) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 153. J . Head and thorax clothed with dark brown and grey scales ; abdomen grey dorsally tinged with ochreous, ventrally irrorated with brown. Fore wing bluish grey strongly irrorated with fuscous; the ante- and postmedial lines represented bj- traces of dark points on the veins ; claviform rather large, obscurely defined by brown ; orbicular and reniform obscurely defined by brown, the former rounded ; the subterminal line only defined by an indistinct series of small dentate dark marks on its inner side ; an indistinct oblique dark shade from termen below apex; cilia intersected with whitish. Hind wing white sparsely irrorated with brown, especially on the veins, the inner margin tinged with pale reddish brown ; the under- side with black discoidal lunule and postmedial series of short streaks on the veins showing through to upperside. Hab. U.S.A., Colorado, Glenwood Springs (Barnes, Oslar), 2 J, 3 2 ; Durango (Oslar), 1 d" . Eap. 46 millim. 1712. Xylomania curialis. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 16.) Xylomiqcs curialis, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. i. p. 143 (1873) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 233. Head and thorax clothed with bluish-grey and brown scales ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen white, dorsally tinged with ochreous, ventrally irrorated with brown. Fore wing bluish grey irrorated and sutt'used with fuscous brown, the submedian and discal folds often with a reddish tinge ; the veins slightly streaked wath black, the subbasal line represented by an indistinct dark striga from costa ; the antemedial line very indistinct, waved ; claviform rather large, defined by blackish ; orbicular and reniform obscurely defined by blackish, the former round, the latter with some black in its lower part and often some red on its outer edge ; postmedial lino very indistinct, dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; the subterminal lino grey, defined by small dentate dark marks on its inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle ; traces of a terminal scries of dark points. 3!)6 NOcruiD^. Hind wing pure white, with, terminal series of small black lunules ; the underside with the costal area slightly irroratcd with brown, a dark discoidal spot and some postmedial striae on the veins. Hah. U.S.A., California, 2 S type ; San Francisco (Stretch), 1 J , 1 $ . Exj). 40 millim. 1713. Xylomania Candida. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 17.) Xylomiqes Candida, Smith, Trans. Am. Etit. See. xxi. p. 79, pi. v. f. 1 (18J4) ; Djar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 158. Head and thorax clothed with bluish- white and black scales ; teguloe with slight black medial line ; tarsi banded with black : abdomen tinged with pale rufous, the ventral surface white irro- rated with black. Fore wing bluish white thickly irrorated and suffused with black ; a dentate black subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a waved autemedial line angled inwards on vein 1 and outwards above inner margin ; claviform rather small, obscurely defined by black ; orbicular and reniform with fuscous centres and whitish annuli defined by black, the former irregularly rounded, the latter usually with a reddish mark on its outer edge ; a waved blackish medial shade angled at median nervure ; postmedial line dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved ; subterminal line grey defined by small blackish, somewhat dentate marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing pure white ; the underside with small discoidal lunule, postmedial series of short streaks on the veins, and terminal series of striae showing through to upperside, the costal area irrorated with brown. Hah. Canada, Vancouver I. ( W. H. Danhy), 7 c? , 2 $ ; IJ.S.xi., Oregon, Corvallis, 1 $ . Exi). 40 millim. 1714. Xylomania dolosa. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. IS.) Xylomiges dolosa, Grote, Can. Ent. xii. p. 88 (1880) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. ■^J^. Am. p. 234. 5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with black and white scales ; pectus paler ; tarsi ringed with black. Fore wing white thickly irrorated Avith black, and suffused with black from base to postmedial line except the inner area, at costa extending to subter- minal line ; subbasal line waved, black, obscurely defined by white, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line represented by a black striga from costa and an angle above inner margin : claviform a prominent wedge-shaped white mark confluent with the small round orbicular, which has a fuscous centre ; reniform well deve- loped, white, its centre irrorated with black ; postmedial line rather indistinct, dentate and produced to points on the veins, bent out- wards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved ; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by a confluent series of dentate black marks angled outwards at vein 7 and incurved at XTLOMANIA. ^397 submedian fold, the veins beyond it streaked with black ; a ter- minal series of small black huiules. Hind wing white sparsely irrorated with black, a terminal blackish line, the underside with large black discoidal lunnle. Hah. U.S.A., Maine, 1 5 type, New Hampshire, White Mts., New York, Plattsburgh, Colorado. Exp. 42 millim. 1715. Xylomania perlubens. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 19.) Xylomigcs pcrlulxns, Grote, Can. Eiit. xiii. p. 132(1881); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 234. Mamesti-a suhapicalis, Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 462 (1887). (5 . Head and thorax ferruginous red slightly mixed with grey ; frons with blackish bar ; tegulao with slight medial black line ; patagia with some black scales near edges ; dorsal crests tipped with black ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen pale ferruginous mixed with grey. Fore wing grey, almost entirely suffused with ferruginous red and irrorated with white, the veins streaked with black and white ; a double, waved, black subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a double antemedial line, oblique from costa to submedian fold, angled inwai'ds above vein 1 and outwards above inner margin ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, large, the former erect elliptical, with whitish centre, the latter rufous with some black on lower part, open above and on outer side ; traces of a waved medial shade ; postmedial line double, waved, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line pale, defined by rufous and some black on inner side, the area beyond it fuscous irrorated with white and with grey apical patch, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia fuscous and pale rufous. Hind wing white with some terminal black striae ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a black discoidal spot and postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. Hah. TJ.S.A., "Washington, 1 c? type, Oregon, Portland, Colorado, California. Exp. 46 millim. Larva. Dyar. Can. Ent. xxvi. p. 67 (18'.)4). Head whitit^h, with brown reticulations and streaks on the sides ; tubercles black. Body pale brown or partly greenish, brown-dotted. Dorsal line narrow, white, black-edged, subdorsal line similar ; lateral area black-shaded ; stigmatal band broad, dull-red filled, bordered with white. Food-plant, Wild Gooseberry. — II. G. D, Sfxt. IV. Antenna; of male ciliated. A. Fore wing with the reniform not angled inwards on median nervure and confluont witli the orbicular. a. Fore wing witli black streak below base of cell. a'. Fore wing with the postmedial line almost obsolete . conRpicillaris. b\ Fore wing with the postmedial line well developed... ^)«/t7if//fl. 398 NOCTUIDiE. b. Fore wing without black streak below base of cell. a\ Fore wing witii tiie ante- aud postmedial Hues con- joined by a black streak in subniedian fold bel/ci. i'. Fore wing with the ante- and posttnedial lines not conjoined bv a black streak aUernavsf. B. Fore wing with the renifonn angled inwards on median ncrviire and confluent with orbicular. a. Fore wing bluish white paialh. b. Fore wing greyish white suffused in parts with brown ... norma. c. Fore wing ochreous whitish. rt^ Fore wing with brown patch on termen above tornus. natalmsis. b^. Fore wing without brown patch on termen above tornus v-alhum. 1716. Xylomania conspicillaris. Koctua conspicillariR, Linn. Syst. Nat. x. p. 615 (1758) ; Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 134. ff. 4-6 ; Hiibn. Saniml. Eur. Schmett., Noct. fif. 236, 237 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 1G9; Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 149, pi. 110. ff. 3, 4 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 212. Noctua musicalis, Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 147. f. 5 (1777). Noctua mekdeuca, View. T[ib. Verz. p. 68, pi. i.f. 5(1789): Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. pi. 112. f. 6. Head and thorax bluish grey mixed with dark brown ; frous with black bar ; tegulse with black medial line ; thoracic crests black ; tibiae black with pale rings ; abdomen grey irrorated with brown. Fore wing bluish grey irrorated with brown, the basal and costal areas suflt'used with reddish brown ; the veins streaked with black ; a black streak below base of cell; subbasal line represented by an oblique black striga from costa ; antemedial line indistinct, strongly dentate ; claviform defined by black ; orbicular and reni- form large, rounded, incompletely defined by black, the latter with Fig. 107. — XylomaJiia conspicillaris, (^. }. black mark in its lower part ; an oblique brown line from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; postmedial line represented by a double series of black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being suffused with rufous, running obliquely from apex and dentate on veins 3, 4, 2, 1 ; cilia red-brown intersected with white. Hind wing white ; the veins brown, the apex tinged with brown ; a ter- minal scries of brown stria; ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a black discoidal spot and postmedial series of striae on the veins. Ab. 1. melaleuca. Fore wing black except iuner area, which is grey or ochreous white. XTLOMANIA. 399 Hab. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Austria, Leech Coll. ; Italy, Xortli and Central; Sweden; Russia, Livonia, Zeller Coll.; Armenia; Asia Minor, Pontus, Taurus ; Kurdistan ; W. Turkestan, Sarawschan ; W. Siberia, Altai. Exp. 38-42 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep p. 83 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 143, pi. 152. f. S." Greenish ochreous freckled with fuscous, forming darker dorsal blotches ; dorsal and subdorsal lines obscurely dark-edged ; spira- cular line pale reddish ochreous with dark edge above ; head pale pinkish ocbreous with black markings. Food-plants : Lotus, Poly- gonum, etc. 6-8. 1717. Xylomania pulchella. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 20.) Xi/Iomiqes fulchella, Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 81, pi. v. f. 2 '(1894) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 158. Head and thorax brownish grey ; frons with blackish bar ; tegulae with traces of black medial line and sometimes black tips ; patagia incompletely edged with black ; abdomen pale brown irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing white, sparsely irroratcd with black ; tbe antemedial, postmedial, and terminal areas except at apex suffused with black ; a black streak below base of cell ; a double, waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a double, waved antemedial line ; claviform moderate, defined by black, or almost obsolete ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former pure white, oblique elliptical, the latter with whitish annulus suffused with rufous, extending to postmedial line and with some black in its lower part ; traces of a waved medial line ; postmedial line waved, defined by grey on outer side, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly incurved at submedian fold ; an apical grey patch ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia fuscous intersected wnth white. Hind wing white, with some dark irroration on veins and inner and terminal areas ; the under- side with the costal area irrorated with black, a black discoidal spot and minutely waved postmedial line. Ilah. Canada, Vancouver I. ( W. H. Danby), 6 c? , 2 $ . Exp. 40 millim. 1718. Xylomania bella. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 21.) Xylomyfjes hella, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 175, Head and thorax ochreous ; frons with black bar ; tcgulu? whitish at base, with black medial line and rul'ous tips ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing white irrorated with ochreous and dark brown ; subbasal line indistinct, double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line oblique, from costa to submedian fold, angled inwards on vein 1 and outwards above inner margin ; the medial area except below submedian fold suffused with dark brown, becoming black towards 400 NOCTUIDJC. submediau fold ; claviform moderate, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, pale rufous with wbitish annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, open above, the latter open on outer side ; postmedial line dentate, defined by white on outer side, bent outwards below costa, esciirved to vein 4, then oblique, some bluish grey beyond it towards inner margin ; subterminal line white, arising from the white apical patch, slightly excurved at middle and with small black spots on it above veins 4 and 3 ; the veins bej'ond the lower angle of cell streaked with black ; the terminal area red-brown except at apex : a terminal series of black and white lunules ; cilia brown intersected with white. Hind wing white, with postmedial series of black points on the veins ; the terminal area suffiised with brown from apex to vein 2 ; some terminal black lunules ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown^ a black discoidal spot. Hah. Japan, Yokohama (Pri/er), 4 J , 5 $ , type. Exjy., d" 42, 2 46 millim. 1719. Xylomania alternans. (riate LXXXIX. fig. 22.) Hapalia altcrnam, Wlk. x. 3G0 (18.56). Xylomiqes tahulata, Grote, Bull. U.S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr. iv. p. 181 (1878) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 234. 5 . Head and thorax dark grey mixed with black and white ; frons with black bar ; tcgulse with black medial line ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen ochreous banded with black. Fore wing dark grey ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submediau fold; auteraedial line double, waved, oblique; claviform with its extremity defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by black, the former with whitish annulus, rather quadrate and open above and below ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line defined on inner side by white suffusion except at costa, and with blackish marks on it at discal and submedian folds ; the veins of terminal area slightly streaked with black ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing whitish uniformly suffused with reddish brown ; cilia whitish ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a black discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial lino with short black streaks on the veins, some terminal black strite. Hah. U.S.A., 1 o' , 1 ? type, Xew York, 1 $ , Grote Coll. Exf. 40 millim. 1720. Xylomania patalis. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 23.) Xyhmigcs pataUs, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soe. Nat. Sci. i. p. 144, pi. iv. f. 11 "(1873); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 234. Xylomigcs fietcheri, Grote, Can. Ent. xx. p. 130 (1888). Head and thorax bluish white mixed with fuscous brown ; frons with black bar ; tegula; with black medial line ; patagia edged with black ; abdomen grey mixed with brown. Fore wing bluish XYLOMANIA. 401 whitish irrorated with pale fuscous brown ; a fine black streak below base of cell ; an oblique black striga across cell before the antemedial line, which is represented by a fuscous striga from costa and an angle above inner margin ; claviform moderate, delined b)- black ; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, the latter angled inwards on median nervure and confluent or nearly confluent with the former; post- medial line indistinct or almost obsolete, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4 ; subterminal line only defined by some small dentate black marks on its inner side and some fuscous suffusion on costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the veins and marginal areas suffused with reddish brown in male, wholly suffused in female ; the underside irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Huh. Canada, Vancouver ; U.S.A., California ( Walsinr/Jiam), 1 cT , 1 5 , Sanzalito, 3 cJ , 1 2 type. /vc^;. 39 millim. 1721. Xylomania norma. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 24.) Bianthoecia norma, Saalm. Lep. Madag. p. 305, f. 245 (1891). cJ . Head and thorax ochreous, tinged with rufous and mixed with some black ; teguliE with black line near upper edge ; abdomen ochreous, tinged with rufous and irrorated with black. Fore wing greyish white, suffused in parts with rufous and irrorated with fuscous ; a rather wedge-shaped black mark below base of cell with short streak beyond it ; subbasal line represented by a black point on costa ; antemedial line waved, angled at submediau fold ; clavi- form small, whitish tinged with rod and defined l)y black; orbicular and reniform whitish tinged with red and incomplerely defined by black, the former very elongate elliptical and running into lower angle of cell, with a blackish spot in upper extremity, the latter narrow, its upper extremity produced and its lower retracted into a streak on median nervure running below the orbicular ; post- medial line highly dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique : a slight dark triangular shade on costa towards apex ; the terminal area dark, arising from termen just below apex and interrupted by a dentate whitish mark on vein 4, some short black streaks on its inner edge and some black points on termen ; cilia pale rufous intersected with yellow. Hind wing fuscous brown ; cilia whitish tinged with rufous ; the underside whitish irrorated with black, a discoidal lunulc, sinuous post- medial line, and terminal series of small spots. Hah. Madagascar, Betsileo (Cowan), 1 cS • Exj^. 22 millim. 1722. Xylomania natalensis. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 25.) Apamea natalensis, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xvi. p. 403 (1875). 5 . Head and thorax brownish white, slightly mixed with, VOL. v. 2 D 402 KOCTUIDJE. rufous ; teguloe with three dark lines ; patagia edged with brown below and black scales above ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen ochreous tinged with fuscous, the dorsal crest at base blackish. Fore wing very pale olive-brown, sparsely irrorated with black ; Bubbasal line represented by black striaj from costa and cell ; a short black streak above base of vein 1 ; antemedial line indistinct, double, waved ; median nervure and medial part of vein 1 streaked with white and with black points on them ; orbicular and reniform small and rather ill-defined, situated on a rufous patch in and below cell, the former white, sometimes with fuscous centre, oblique and confluent at lower angle of cell with the latter, which is rufous with a black point in lower angle of cell and black patch beyond it ; postmedial line represented by an incomplete double series of black points, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, theu oblique; subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being dark brown, bent outwards to apex and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered pale black and rufous. Hind wing fuscous brown, the interspaces rather paler towards base ; cilia ochreous with brown line and pale tips ; the underside ochreous irrorated with black, the costal and terminal areas tinged with vinous red, a black discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hah. Natal (Burrows), 1 $ type, Durban (Leiyh), 2 2 • Exp. 32 millim. 1723. Xylomania v-album. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 26.) Leucania v-album, Hmpsn. 111. Het. B. M. viii. p. 69, pi. 144. f. 10 (1891) ; id. Moths Ind. ii. p. 273. Head and thorax ochreous mixed with reddish brown ; tegula3 with black line near upper edge ; abdomen ochreous suffused with dark brown on dorsum. Fore wing ochreous whitish irrorated and striated with fuscous, less prominently on terminal area; an ill-defined black streak below base of cell ; subbasal line represented by a black point on costa ; some ferruginous sometimes present in and below cell; the orbicular and reniform whitish, narrow, oblique, confluent below, and forming a V-shaped mark with blackish suffusion before, between its ai'ms and beyond it, a black point on it at lower angle of cell ; some black strife on costa from before middle to near apex ; traces of an antemedial line angled on median nervure, then reduced to points ; postmedial line ill-defined, angled at vein 4, then oblique ; a rather indistinct triangular brown shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of small black bmules ; cilia brown intersected with white. Hind wing fuscous brown ; cilia whitish ; the underside ochreous white thickly irrorated and striated with black-brown, the terminal area almost entirely black-brown, a large discoidal spot. Hab. Madras, Nilgiris {Cardew, Hampson), 1 J, 2 $ , type. Exp. 30 millim. PERIGRAPHA. 403 Genus PERIGRAPHA. ^ Type. Periqm.pha, Led. Noet. Eur. jd. 136 (1857) I-cincta. Ace'rra, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 162 (1874) normalis. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi oblique, the 2nd joint fringed with long hair in front, the 3rd moderate, porrect ; frons smooth ; eyes large, round, clothed with very long liair; antennte typically bipectinate to apes in both sexes, the branches shorter in female ; head and thorax clothed with hair only ; the tegulie produced upwards into a slight ridge, a ridge-like dorsal crest ; pectus and legs clothed with long hair ; abdomen clothed with rough hair, the 1st segment with dorsal crest. Fore wing with the apex soniewiiat produced, the termen obliquely curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 1 1 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from angle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 shortly stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base. Sect. I. Antennas bipectinate in both sexes. A. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniforni conjoined by a pale patch below cell. a. Tegulffi with white tips circumdiccta. b. Tegulae without white tips 1-c'uicta. B. Fore wing with the orbicular and I'cniform not conjoined by a pale patch below cell ... prima. 1724. Perigraplia circumducta, (Plato LXXXIX. fig. 30.) Orfhosia circumdiccta. Led. Verb. z."-b. Ges. Wien, 1855, i. p. Ill, pi. i. f. 9 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 2U0. d . Head and thorax chocolate-brown mixed with grey ; frons with whitish bar above ; antennae whitish ; tegulee edged with white ; abdomen rufous mixed with grey. Fore wing with the basal and terminal areas pale pinkish brown with slight dark irroration ; the medial area chocolate except the costal and inner areas, which are grey irrorated with fuscous ; a whitish subbasal line from costa to submedian fold defined by fuscous ; a fine pale antemedial line excurved below costa, then running obliquely with an inward curve to above inner margin, where it is angled ; orbicular and reniform very large, brownish white defined by white, the former rather oblique oblong, the latter extending to far below cell, angled at middle and truncate at lower extremity, and both conjoined to a large similar semicircular patch below the cell ; postmcdial line pale, excurved from costa to vein 4, then oblique, defined on outer side by some grey and fuscous irroration ; a series of small fuscous spots on termen. Hind wing yellowish suffused with dark brown ; the underside pale irrorated with brown, with dark discoidal spot and traces of sinuous postmedial line. Hah. S. Russia, Sarepta ; W. Siberia, Altai ; W. Turkestan, Turcomania, 1 J , Tarbagatai ; E. Turkestan, Hi. Exp. 50 millim. 21)2 404 >-0CTUID.T3, 1725. Perigrapha I-cincta. 2\octna I-cinctum, ScbifF. Wien. Verz. p. 78 (1776); Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 192. f. 5 ; Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 144 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 190, pi. 85. f. 2. Bomh)/x cincta, Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii. p. 155 (1787) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 200. Head and thorax grey mixed with darli brown ; tegulte with dark band ; abdomen brownish grey mixed with dark brown. Fore wing brownish grey, slightly irrorated and striated with fuscous ; ante- medial li]]e represented by two dark points on costa and by a fine pale line running obliquely with an inward curved from subcostal nervure to middle of vein 1, where it is angled ; orbicular and reniform very large, grey defined by yellowish white except above, the former rounded, the latter extending to well below cell and both conjoined to a streak on median nervure and semicircular mark below the cell, these markings have black between and all round them except above, shading into brown below ; postmedial Fig. 108. — Pericfrapha I-cincta, J. |. line marked by two black spots on costa, then by a grey line with darker grey beyond it, bent outwards below costa, then slightly waved, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line pale, deiined on inner side by a fine brown line with a paler area before it and by dark patches at costa and inner margin, excurved below costa and angled outwards at veins 4 and 3, the area beyond it browner ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the underside grey irrorated with dark brown, a dark discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hub. Austria, Moravia ; Hungary, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; BussiA, Urals ; W. Siberia, Altai. Exp. 46 millim. Larva. Hiibn. Eur. Raup. iv. Noct. ii. Gen. H, a, b, ff. b, c. Pinkish, with dorsal, subdorsal, and lateral yellow lines, the last with some orauge below it ; ventral surface yellow ; head red. Food-plant, Rumex. *1726. Perigrapha prima. Perigrapha. prima, Smith, Tran?. Am. Ent. Soc. xriii. p. 119 (1891) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 209. 5 . Deep bluish grey irrorated with fuscous ; frons and base of tegulse yellowish ; patagia with obscure black edges. Fore wing with the subbasal line hardly traceable, the costal half of basal PERIGRAPHA. 405 area paler ; antemedial line double, evenly oblique, fuscous ; clavi- form absent; orbicular and reniforra large, pale grey defined by fuscous, the former elliptical, touching below the latter, which is tinged with red; an indistinct medial shade ; postmedial line double, fuscous, interrupted, indistinct, excurved beyond cell, the medial part of postmedial area much paler ; subterminal line represented by some black irroration ; a series of blackish terminal lunules. Hind wing fuscous ; the underside fuscous brown with some pale irroration, a diseoidal spot and postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., California, Sierra Nevada. Exp. 30 millim. This species is unknown to me. Sect. II. {Acerm). Auteuiijs of male bipectinate, the apex serrate ; of female minutely serrate. A. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform confluent normalis. B. Fore wing with the orbicular and renitbrm not confluent. a. Fore wing with the orbicular present pulchella. b. Fore wing with the orbicular absent. a\ Fore wing with the postmedial area darker than ground-colour terminata. 6\ Fore wing with the jjostmedial area concolorous pectinata. 1727. Perigrapha normalis. Acerra normalis, Grote, Bull. Buif. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 162 (1894) ; id Check List Noct. pi. f. 4 ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 207. Head and thorax clothed with hair only, purplish brown mixed with grey ; sides of palpi and frons dark brown ; teguloe with brown line at tips ; abdomen grey-brown irrorated with dark brown. Fore wing grey suffused with purple-brown and irrorated Fig. lU'J. — Ferigrajjha uonnalis, (^ . \. with black ; a slightly curved subbasal black line from cell to submcdian fold ; antemedial lino indistinct, very oblique from costa to vein 1 near postmedial line, then angled inwards ; orbicular and reniform very large, forming a V Avith very broad arms and extending to below cell, where it is broadly truncate, defined by whitish lines and by deep black suffusion in middle, at sides and below, open above ; postmedial line fusoous, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 5, then very obliquely incurved ; sub- terminal line almost obsolete except towards costa, very slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal 406 KOCTDID^. series of black poiuls. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia pinkish ; the underside pinkish white thickly irrorated with dark brown, a black discoidal spot and curved postraedial line. Hah. U.S.A., California, Sanzalito, 1 c? , 1 $ , type. Exp. 40-44 mi Him. *1728. Perigrapha pulchella. XPlate LXXXIX. fig. 31.) Graphiphora pulchella,'S.av^. Can. Ent. Tiii. p. 54 (1876); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 208. 5 . Head and thorax red-brown slightly mixed with grey ; metathorax with fuscous crests tipped with grey ; pectus with the hair grey; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen pale brown, the dorsal crest at base fuscous and grey. Fore wing grey overlaid with various shades of red and purple-brown, leaving the basal half of costal area and the terminal area grey ; an indistinct subbasal line from costa to submedian fold, with a black point beyond it in cell ; autemedial line rather ill-defined, oblique from costa to below cell, then erect ; orbicular and reniform blackish with pale annuli, rather small, the former irregularly rounded, the latter narrow ; an indistinct diffused sinuous medial line ; postmedial line slightly defined by grey on outer side and produced to short streaks on the veins, excurvcd from costa to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line defined by a dark brown shade before it, angled outwards at veins 7 and 6 and excurved at middle, the area beyond it grey irrorated with brown. Hind wing pale brown ; the underside grey tinged with crimson, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a small discoidal lunule. Hah. U.S.A., California, in Coll. Schaus, Exp. 34 millim. *1729. Perigrapha terminata. Tmniocampa terminata. Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 475 (1887) ; id. Cat. Noot. N. Am. p. 204. S . Dull yellowish grey irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing with the antemedial line indistinct, pale, interrupted ; claviform and orViicular absent; reniform represented by a narrow yellow lunule ; a diffused dark medial shade ; postmedial line indistinct, pale, interru])ted, with a series of dark points beyond it on the veins with pale points on their outer sides ; postraedial area rather darker than ground-colour ; subterminal line irreguhirly dentate, only defined by the area beyond it being paler; a series of black spots just before termen ; a pale waved terminal line. Hind wing blackish, with the cilia whitish ; the underside whitish with dark irroration. a discal spot and punctiform postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., S. California. Exp. 40 millim. This species is unknown to me. Pl-.RIGRAPHA, 407 ♦1730. Perigrapha pectinata. (Plate LXXXIX. fig. 32.) T(Bmoca7)ipa pectinafa, Sm\ih,'Pr. U.S. Nat. Miis. x. p. 475(1887); id. Cat. Noct. A'. Am. p. 204. (5 . Head and thorax ochreous-grey and brown ; abdomen rufous irrorated with black, the ventral surface pale. Fore wing brownish grey irrorated with black ; subbasal and antemedial lines, claviform and orbicular obsolete ; an indistinct medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, then sinuous ; reniform represented by a curved reddish-oehreous discoidal bar, concave towards base and defined on inner side by a slight blackish bar arising from cnsta and joining the medial line at lower angle of cell ; a curved postmedial series of black points on the veins ; traces of a pale sinuous subterminal line ; a series of black points just before termen ; a fine whitish line at base of cilia. Hind wing grey-brown with a faint rufous tinge ; cilia white tinged with rufous ; the underside whitish iri'oi-ated with black, a discoidal lunule, sinuous ^wstmedial line with darker streaks at the veins, and some lunules on apical part of termen, Uab. U.S.A., California, in U.S. Nat. Mus. Exp. 40 millim. Sect. III. Anteunae of male serrate and fasciculate. A. Fore wing with tlie inner margin not crimson prases. B. Fore wiug with the inner margin crimson tranajiarens. 1731. Perigrapha prseses. Perigrapha ^jrtyses, Grote, Bull. U.S. Geol. Geog. Sury. Terr. t. p. 202 (1879) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 206. S . Head purplish, the sides of palpi and frons black ; antennae and tegulae bright rufous ; thorax deep purple-brown, some of the hairs slightly tipped with grey, the metathoracic crest rufous ; pectus purplish ; tibise whitish at extremity ; abdomen purplish red irrorated with dark brown, the dorsal crest at base mixed Avith white. Fore Aving dark brown with purplish reflections and T^ig.WO. — PerUjntphapraHes, (^ . \. irrorated with a few white scales ; traces of a waved rufous sub- basal line from costa to submedian fold : antemedial line indistinct, slightly defined by rufous on outer side towards costa, on inner side below cell, oblique from costa to median nervure, then waved ; 408 NocxuiD.i-;. orbicular and reuiform with slight rufous annuli, both rather triangular in form, the latter defined bj' blackish on inner side ; postmedial line indistinct, waved, defined by rufous on outer side, bent outwards below costa, cxcurvedto vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line rufous, slightly defined liy blackish on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing jjale, tinged with purplish pitdv and thickly irroratcd with fuscous ; traces of a subterminal band towards tornus ; the underside with black disooidal spot, sinuous postmedial line, and some terminal lunules. . Hah. U.S.A., California, Sanzalito, 1 d" type. Exp. 42 raillim. *1732. Perigrapha transparens. (Plate XC, fig. 10.) Perigrapha transparens, Grote, Bull. U.S. Geol. Geog. Surv. Terr. vi. p. 582 (1881) ; Smith, Cat. Noet. N. Am. p. 208. Orthosia hamifera, Grote, Can. Ent. xx. p. 130 (1888) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 218. 5 . Head and thorax crimson mixed with some brown and grey ; palpal joints and frons at sides black ; antennae with the basal joint white below ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen dark brown with crimson-tinged lateral fringes, anal tuft, and ventral surface. Fore wing pale rufous thickly irrorated with black and tinged with crimson, especially at base and the fringe on inner margin ; subbasal line obsolete ; antemedial line very indistinct, oblique, waved ; stigmata moderate, with fuscous centres defined by ochreous ; the claviform hardly traceable, the oi'bicular oblitjue elliptical ; traces of a medial shade oblique from costa to median nervure ; a curved double postmedial series of black points on the veins : subterminal line only indicated by the area beyond it being very slightly darker, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing nearly uniform dark brown slightly tinged with crimson, the cilia crimson ; the underside pale tinged with crimson and irrorated with blackish, a discoidal lunule. Bah. U.8.A., Washington, California, in U.S. Xat. Mus. Exp. 40 millira. Sect. IV. Antennre of male with bristles and cilia. *1733. Perigrapha ducinfieldi. Perigrapha didwfieldi, Schaus, J. N.Y. Eat. Soc. xi. p. 23G (1903). (5 . Head and thorax rufous, the scales slightly tipped with white ; palpi at sides and tarsi tinged with fuscous ; abdomen pinkish rufous. Fore wing pale pink-brown irrorated with fuscous ; a slightly curved stibbasal line from costa to sitbmedian fold : a double curved antemedial line ; orbicular represented by a dark point ; a fuscous medial line oblique from costa to lower angle of PEEIGRAPHA. 409 cell ; reniform well-developed, rufous, with whitish annulus defined by rufous, its lower part filled in with blackish ; postmedial line slight, double, curved, with a series of black points on its outer edge Fig. 111. — I'erigmpJia diicinfieldl, J. }. from vein 6 to inner margin ; subtermiual line represented by a series of small ill-defined rufous spots almost obsolete towards costa ; a series of black points just before termcn ; cilia rufous. Hind wing reddish brown, the cilia rufous ; the underside yellowish irrorated with brown, the costal and terminal areas suffused with purplish pink, a black discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Brazil, Sao Paulo, type f c? in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 54 millim. Genus MONIMA. Type. Momma, Hiibn. Vorz. p. 229 (1827) miniusa. Cuphanoa, Hiibn. Verz. p. 229 ( 1827) , stabilis. Scmiophora, Steph. 111. Brit. Eat., llaust. ii. p. 138 (1839) gothica. TcBniocampa, Guen. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. viii. p. 477 (1839) .. gothica. Graphiphora, Hiibu. Tent. ined. (nee Ochs.) gothica. Proboscis fully developed; palpi porrect, tlie 2nd joint fringed with long hair in front, the 3rd moderate ; irons .smooth, with corneous plate below it ; eyes large, rounded ; head and thorax ch)tlied with liair only, the vertex of head and tegula^ with rather ridge-like crest, the pro- and nietat.horax with loose crests ; pectus and legs hairy ; abdomen witli lateral fringes of hair and without dorsal crests. Fore wing witli veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the coll near base only. Sect. I. Antennae of male bipectinate with long branches to near apex, of female with short branches. A. Fore wing with black i'ascia in submediau fold from ante- to postmedial lino carnipeniiis. B. Fore wing without black fascia in snbmedian fold. a. Fore wing with V-shaped black mark between orbicular and reniform erisa. b. Fore wing without V-shaped black mark between orbi- cular and reniform rorida. 410 N0CTUIDJ5. 1 734. Monima carnipennis. Twniocampa carnipennis, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) i. p. 167 (1878); id. Ill Het. B. M. ii. p. 30, pi. 30. f. (J. Head and thorax grey tinged with red-ltrown ; palpi black at sides; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing reddish ochreons tinged with grey and slightly irrorated with fuscous ; subbasal line represented by a black point below costa and small triangular spot below the cell ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique, sinuous ; claviform repre- sented by a black bar between ante- and postmedial lines, somewhat attenuate at middle, or by a quadrate patch ; orbicular atd reniform with slight greyish annuli defined by rufous or sometimes by black and sometimes with some black suffusion between them and beyond the latter, the former round ; the postmedial line indistinct, rufous, oblique from costa to vein 6, where it is angled outwards, strongly incurved below vein 4, and usually with a black point on it in discal fold ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, defined by rufous on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle, and bent out- wards to tornus ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing white, the veins and marginal areas tinged with reddish ochreous ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal s])ot and traces of a sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Japan, Yokohama (Jonas, Pryer, Manley), 6 c5' , 4 5 • Exp. 48 millim. 1735. Monima eriza. (Plate XC. fig. 11.) Semiopfiora eriza, Swinl]. A. M. N. H. (7) vii. p. 494 (1901). 5 . Head and thorax reddish brown mixed with grey ; abdomen grey-brown tinged with ochreous. Fore wing grey-brown with a slight reddish t:inge ; subbasal, antemedial, and postmedial lines obsolete; orbicular and reniform large, the former oblique quadrate, open above and below, where it almost touches latter, defined on inner side by a black and whitish bar, and the space between the two defined by a black-and-whitish V-shaped mark ; the subterminal line defined by a series of small black spots on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and incurved at discoidal fold ; a terminal series of slight dark points. Hind wing grey-brown; the cilia pale ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and traces of a sinuous postmedial line. Bnb. Punjab, Kulu, 1 $ type. Exp. 44 millim. 1736. Monima rorida. Orthosia rorida, Friv. Tarsas. ETkonrv. ii. p. 272, pi. 7. f. 7 (1835) ; Herr.-SchaflP. Schniett. Eur. ii. p. 206, Noct. f. 48 (1845) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 201. Taniocampa sieversi, Christ. Rom. Mem. ii. p. 58, pi. 3. f. 5 (1885). Head and thorax grey-white slightly irrorated with fuscous ; sides M ON I MA. 411 of palpi and frons black ; antennye pale rufous ; abdomen rufous, the ventral surface grey irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing grey- white, rather sparsely irrorated and striated with fuscous ; tlio subbasal line represented by a black point in cell ; hardly a trace of the antemedial line except a prominent black striga in cell on inner side of the faint traces of orbicular ; reniform a narrow Fig. 112. — Monima rorida, (^ . \. blackish lunule expanding somewhat below and with a rufous striga on its inner side ; postmedial line represented by a curved series of blackish points on the veins ; faint traces of the subter- minal line angled outwards at vein 7 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pole brownish grey irrorated with brown ; the underside strongly irrorated, a discoidal lunule and curved post- medial series of short striae on the veins. Ab. 1. sieversi. Fore wing with the lines more distinct, the area between the medial and postmedial lines tinged with pink. }lah. Austria, Istria, 1 c? , 1 $ , Dalmatia ; Bulgaria ; S. Turkey ; Armenia, Tiflis ; Transcaucasia, Geok-tapa, 1 c? ; Asia Minor, Pontus, Bithynia, Lydia, Taurus ; Syria, 1 5 , Leech Coll. Exp. 4(5 millim. Sect. II. Antennae of male bipectinate with rather long branches, the apex serrate ; of female serrate. A. Fore wing with blackis^li or red-brown patch between orbicular and reniform. a. Fore wing with dentate black marks before middle of subterminal line. a}. Fore wing with the claviform filled in with black . porosa. b\ Fore wing with the claviform not filled in with black fasciculata. b. Fore wing without dentate black marks before middle of subterminal line. a^. Fore wing with the subterminal line excurved at middle gothica. h^. Fore wing with the subterminal line oblique, approximated to the postmedial line at middle... castaneipennis. B. Fore wing without black or brown patch between orbi- cular aufl roniform. a. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform defined below by blackish streaks fcrront icta. 412 NOCTUID^. 6. Fore wing with the orbicular and rani form not defined bolow by dark streaiis. a}. Fore wing witli more or less prominent small dentate black or brown spots before subterminal line. a^. Hind wing sviffused with brown. a''. Fore wing with two prominent dentate black spots before middle of subterminal line mmida. P. Fore wing without prominent dentate black spots before middle of subterminal line, rt^. Fore wing with brown shade beyond middle of subterminal line lizetta. J*. Fore wing without brown shade beyond middle of subterminal line populeti. b^. Hind wing white miniosa. h^. Fore wing without dentate dark marks before sub- terminal line. a?. F'ore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines present, a'. Fore wing with the subterminal line present. «■*. F'ore wing whitish suffused with ferruginous, ferrigera.. i*. Fore wing suffused witii red-brown. a'. Fore wing with the subterminal line pro- minent, pale. a°. Fore wing with the postmedial area not darker than ground-colour stabilis. h^. Fore wing with the postmedial area darker than ground-colour stenoptera. h'". Fore wiug with the subterminal line indis- tinct. a^. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines not reduced to series of black points, rubrescens. b^. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines reduced to series of black points. a'. Fore wing with the reniform con- stricted at middle cruda. b''. Fore wing with the reniform not con- stricted at middle. a^. Fore wing with the subterminal line slightly defined by brown on inner side fausta. h^. Fore wing with the subterminal line not defined by brown on inner side, flaviannula. c*. Fore wing grey-brown amiuiimacula. P. Fore wing with the subterminal line absent ... addenda, b^. Fore wing with the ante- and postmedial lines absent. a'. Fore wing fulvous with pale discoidal spot carminata. b^. Fore wing purjole-red without discoidal spot ... mys. 1737. Monima porosa. Orthosia ^jorosw, Ev. Bull. Mosc. 1854, iii. p. 186; Herr.-Sehaff. Neue Schuiett. f. 13 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 201. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark brown mixed with grey ; tarsi black with white rings. Fore wing grey thickly irrorated and in places suffused with dark brown ; the subbasal line represented by a black striga from cOsta and a rather triangular spot below cell ; the antemedial line grev defined by black murks on inner side. MOiNIMA. 413 oblique and strongly sinuous ; claviform large, filled in with black ; orbicular and reniform grey with whitish annuli, open above and below, defined by the cell being black before and between them and some black between reniform and postmedial line, the orbicular round ; postmedial line grey, defined by black marks on inner side, waved, bent outwards below costa, somewhat angled at vein 4, then oblique, some white points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line white, defined by dentate black marks before it below costa and at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle ; cilia chequered brown and grey. Hind wing grey suffused with brown ; cilia w^hite at tips ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with brown, the costal and terminal areas suii'used with brown, a black discoidal lunule, curved postmedial line, and traces of a subterminal line. Hah. Russia, Sarepta, 2 cJ , 1 2 , Urals ; W. Turkestan, Kirgh- istan, Issyk-kul. Exp., J 36, $ 40 millim. *1738. Monima fasciculata. (Plate XC. fig. 12.) Hadena fascicidata, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 204 (f894). 2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen ferruginous brown ; tegulee tipped with white ; tarsi ringed with white. Fore wing ochreous whitish, almost entirely suffused with ferruginous and irrorated and striated with red-brown ; subbasal line dark brown, waved, from costa to submedian fold; autemedial line oblique, slightly sinuous; claviform large, defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, whitish defined by black, the former rounded, open above and below, the latter open above and with brown centre with pale striga on it, a red-brown shade between them ; an indistinct, oblique, waved medial line from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line waved, excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved, the area beyond it from costa to vein 5 red-brown except for the pale line which defines it ; subterminal line ochreous white, nearly straight and slightly diffused, some black marks on inner side below costa and above inner margin and both before and beyond it above and below vein 5 ; termen whitish with a crenulate black line. Hind wing brown tinged with ferruginous, the termen whitish, the cilia ferruginous ; the underside reddish white irrorated with dark brown, a discoidal lunule, sinuous postmedial line, and patch on termen near tornus. Ilab. SiKHiM (Knyvett), type f 5 iii tJoU- l>lwc8. Eay. 54 millim. 1739. Monima gothica. Noctua gothica, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 516 (17.')8) ; Clerek, Iconps, pi. i. f. 1 ; Esp. Schmett. iii. pi. 76. ff. 1, 2 ; Godt. Lep. Fr. v. p. 80, pi. 61. f. 2; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 138: Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 201. 414 NOCTUID^. Noctua mm-atrum, SchifF. Wien. Verz. p. 78 (1776) ; Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 112. Orthosia goihiciiia, Hern-SohaflF. Schmett, Eur. ii. p. 196, Noct. fiP. 125, 126 (1845). Tmniocampa askoldensis, Staud. Eom. Mem. vi. p. 496 (1892). Head and thorax purplish red-brown mixed with grey ; palpi brown at sides ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen pale rufous with some grey below. Fore wing greyish almost entirely suffused with purplish red-brown ; snbbasal line only represented by black striae from costa and cell; antcmodial line oblitjue, waved, defined by greyish on inner side ; claviform only defined by a black fascia from ^^iM U Fig. 113. — Monima (jiilhica, J. \. its extremity to postmedial line ; orbicular and reniform with whitish annuli, the former oblique elliptical, open above, the cell before and between them and below the orbicular filled in -with black ; postmedial line defined by grey on outer side, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points on costa beyond it ; subterminal line grey defined bv brown on inner side, forming small dentate marks at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing yellowish suffused with fuscous brown ; the cilia paler; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a dis- coidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. asholdnisis. More violaceous grey. — Amur ; Japan. Ab. 2. ijothicina. jfore wing with the black markings absent, the cell filled in with olive-brown. — Scotland: Scandinavia; Finland; Tarbagatai Mts. Hah. Britain, Scotland, Forres {Salvage), England (DouUedaj/), N. Wales (Salvage) ; France ; Germany, Zeller Coll., Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; N. Spain ; JNT, and Cenxr. Italy, Leech Coll. ; Scandinavia; Finland, Zeller and Frey Colls.; Russia, Livonia, St. Petersburg, Zeller Coll., Urals; S'.E. Turkey, Leech Coll.; \V. Turkestan, Tarbagatai Mts. ; W. Siberia, Altai ; Amurland, Ussuri; Japan, Gifu (Prger), 2 $ . E.vp. 36-40 millim. Larva. Meyrick, Brit. Lep. p. 75; Barrett, Lcp. Brit. v. p. 189, pis. 207 & 208. f. 8. Light green with numerous pale yellow dots ; dorsal and subdorsal lines pale yellowish or whitish ; spiracular line very broad, whitish, dark -edged above ; head light green. Food-plants : Oak, Saliiv, hawthorn, etc. 5-7. MOMMA, 415 1740. Monima castaneipennis. (Plate XC. fig. 13.) Semiophora ca&taneipemiis, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 206 (1894). S . Head and thorax bright rufous, the hair slightly tipped with grey ; sides of palpi and frons rather darker ; tibiae with dark brown bands ; abdomen red-brown, the anal tuft and ventral surface bright rufous. Fore wing bright rufous striated with fuscous ; subbasal line fuscous, slightly waved, from costa to sub- median fold; antemedial line indistinct, waved, oblique from costa to median ncrvure, defined by fuscous on inner side ; orbicular and reniform moderate, irrorated with fuscous and with pale annuli, the former oblique elliptical, the latter ill-defined on outer side, the cell before and between them deep chestnut ; an oblique shade of fuscous striation from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line indistinct, grey, waved, with fuscous striation between it and sub- terminal line, to which it is closely approximated, excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line defined by dark red-brown marks on inner side, slightly excurved at vein 6 ; a terminal series of slight dark points. Hind wing greyish sufli'used with brown and with a reddish tinge, the cilia pale rufous ; the underside whitish irrorated with red-brown ; a discoidal point and sinuous postmedial line. Hab. Kashmie, Narkundah {McArthur), 1 J type. Exp. 42 millim. 1741. Monima ferrosticta. (Plate XC. fig. 14.) Semiophora ferrosticta, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 205 (1894). S . Head and thorax grey-white, slightly mixed with pale brown and dorsally tinged with ochreous ; palpi at sides, a bar across frons, and guloe dark brown ; fore legs dark brown on inner side ; abdomen fulvous brown, the base and ventral surface grey, the genital tufts white. Fore wing pale grey sparsely irrorated with brown ; subbasal line represented by a dark point in cell ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then slightly angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular represented by a slightly curved, elongate, reddish-brown mark with yellowish edges ; reniform large, indistinctly defined by yellowish and with a curved brown mark below it ; a diftused medial fuscous shade angled at median nervure ; postmedial line indistinct, dentate, with more ])rominent points at the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; subterminal line represented by a series of small dark brown and fulvous spots, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, the area beyond it tinged with fuscous ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing grey tinged with brown; the cilia whitish ; the underside whitish sparsely irrorated with brown, a dark 41(J KOCTUID.E. discoidal luAule and sinuous postmedial line with dark striae at the veins. Hah. Kashmir, JN'arkundah (McArtJmr), 1 J" type. ^.rj9. 42 miUim. ] 742. Monima mnnda. Mcf.ua mun da, SchiflT. Wien. Verz. p. 76 (1776) ; Esp. Schmett. iii. pi. 52. f. 6; Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 166; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 141 ; Stand. Oat. Lep. pal. p. 202. Noctua gemina, Bork. Eur. Schmett. iv. p. 705 (1792). Bombyx gcminatus, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 121 (1803). Bombi/x himacidatus, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 121 (1803). Noctua lota, Dup. Hist. Nat. Lep. Fr. vi. p. Ill, pi. 80. f. 3 (1826). Tmniocampa immaculata, Staud. Cat. p. 114 (1871). Head and thorax pale rufous to brownish grey ; sides of palpi and Irons black-brown; abdomen ochreous brown. Fore wing pale red-brown to olive-grey, more or less striated with dark brown and irroratcd with black ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold and of an oblique, waved autemedial line ; orbicular and reniform large with pale annuli, the former round, the latter sometimes with some fuscous in its lower part; sub- terminal line pale, slightly angled outwai'ds at vein 7 and exeurved at middle, with small black spots on its inner side above and below vein 5, a point below costa and two above inner margin ; a terminal series of minute points. Hind wing ochreous suffused with fuscous brown ; cilia pale, with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with fuscous, a black discoidal lunule and postmedial series of strife on the veins. Ab. 1. immacnlatu. Fore wing without black spots on the subterminal line. Ilnb. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; Hungary, Leech Coll. ; llussiA, Leech Coll. ; Amurland, Ussuri ; Japan, Kiushiu, 1 c? , Yokohama {Jonas, Pnjer, Ilanley), 1 c? , 5 $ . Exp. 40-50 millim. Lai'va. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 74 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 217, pi. 212. f. 2. Pale ochreous, much marked with brown ; tubercular dots white; dorsal line pale, edged with brown ; spiracular line pale, marked with white on somites 4-7 or part of them, edged above by a dark brown or blackish stripe ; hinder edge of somite 12 pale preceded by dark spots ; head marked with brown or black. Food-plants : Oak, birch, poplar, etc. 5-6. 1743. Monima lizetta. Orthosia lizetta. But). A. M. N. H. (5) i. p. 167 (1878) ; id. 111. Het. B. M. ii. p. 30, pi. 30. f. 8. Grey with an olive tinge to pale reddish ; sides of palpi and frons black. Fore wing with more or less brown irroration ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line represented by points on the veins, costa, and inner MomMA. 417 margin ; orbicular and reniform with indistinct pale outlines, the former round or oblique elliptical, often with a black point on inner side, the latter with its lower part filled in with black ; traces of a medial shade sometimes present ; postmedial line re- presented by a series of black points on the veins, excurved from costa to vein 4, then oblique ; subterminal line prominent, ochreous de6ned by red-brown on inner side, with some fuscous before it at costa and discal fold, and a large diffused patch on outer side below apex, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly incurved below vein 3 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous white suffused with fuscous ; the cilia pale ; the underside whitish slightly irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and puncti- form sinuous postmedial lino. Hah. Japan, Yokohama {Jonas, Pryer), 6 cj' , 6 5 , type, Kiushiu, 2 <5 . Exp. 40 millim. 1744. Moninia populeti. Bombyx 'poptileti, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii. p. 476 (1793) ; Dap. Lep. Fr. Suppl. iii.'p. 311, pi. 29. f. 1 ; Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett. ii. p. 202, Noct. f. 1U9; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 201. Bomhi/x suhplumhea, Haw. Lep. Erit. p. 242 (1809). Orthosia intermedia, Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 140 (1829). NoctiM ocularis, Frey. Beitr. i. p. 1G8, pi. 95. f. 2 (1833). Orthosia gracilis, Stepb. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 141 (nee Schiff.). TcBniocampa tremuleti, Tetens, Verb. Ver. Hanib. ii. p. 161 (1876). Head and thorax brown mixed with grey ; abdomen ochreous brown. Fore wing leaden grey, often more or less suffused with fuscous and sometimes with a reddish tinge on medial area ; an indistinct subbasal line from costa to subraedian fold ; anteraedial line rather indistinct, waved, excurved in submediau interspace ; orbicular and reniform large, with fuscous centres and pale annuli, the former round, the latter with some rufous suffusion round it ; an indistinct medial shade excurved at middle ; postmedial line indistinct, dentate, excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved and angled outwards at vein 1 ; subterminal line whitish, more or less broken up into striae, defined on inner side by a series of rufous or sometimes black sfjots, angled outwards at vein 7 and incurved below vein 3 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing grey suffused with fuscous brown, the underside whitish strongly irro- rated with brown, a black discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Britain, Scotland, Leech Coll., England {Douhledaij) ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller Coll. ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; Scandinavia ; Russia, Livonia, Zeller Coll., Urals. Ea;^). 36-40 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 74; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 204, pi. 210. f. 1. Pale green or greenish white ; dorsal, subdorsal, and spiracular lines whitish ; head pale greenish ochreous, more or less marked with black ; pupa between joined leaves. Food-plants : Poplar, aspen. 5-6. VOL. V. 2 E 418 TroCTflD.K. 1745. Monima miniosa. Noctiia miniosa, Scbiff. Wien. Verz. p. 88 (1770); Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 174; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 138, pi. 81. f. 6; Steph. 111. Brit. Eut., Haust. ii. p. 144 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 201. Bombyx rubricosa, Esp. Schmett. ii;. pi. 7o. if. 3, 4 (nee Fabr.). Head and thorax pale rufous ; abdomen ochreous white, the anal tuft tinged with rufous. Fore wing ])ale yellowish, more or less strongly suffused with rufous, especially on medial area betAveen subcostal nervure and vein 1, and slightly irrorated with black ; traces of a pale subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an indistinct, oblique, waved antemedial line defined by pale colour on inner side ; claviform sometimes faintly defined by reddish ; orbicular and reniform with greyish centres defined by rufous and pale anuuli defined by rufous, the former round ; postmedial line minutely dentate and defined by pale yellowish on outer side, excurved from costa to vein 4, then strongly incurved ; subterminal line represented by a series of yellowish spots defined on inner side by somewhat dentate rufous marks, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and incurved below vein 3 ; a terminal series of dark points ; cilia tinged with pink. Hind wing white ; the veins towards termen irrorated with pinkish ; a pinkish terminal line ; the under- side with the costal area irrorated with pink and black, a black discoidal point and traces of a sinuous postmedial line. Hah. Britain-, Leech Coll. ; Fkance, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Corsica ; Italy ; Scandinavia ; Russia ; Bulgaria ; Asia Minor, Pontus, Lydia. Exj). 3(5 millira. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 74; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 194, pi. 208. f. 2. Blue-grey to pale pinkish brown, reticulated with black ; dorsal line yellow, irregular, edged by a series of black spots followed by another of black points ; subdorsal line yellow, sometimes obsolete ; spiracular line broad, yellow, dotted with black, edged above by black spots ; head marked with black. Food-plants : Oak, hawthorn, rose, etc. 5-6. 1746. Monima ferrigera. (Plate XC. fig. 15.) TcBiiiocampa ferriqera. Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. See. xxi. p. 78, pi. v. f. 6 (1894) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 166. 2 . Head and thorax whitish mixed with ferruginous ; antennae white at base ; abdomen ochreous white irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous white irrorated with ferruginous, the veins irrorated with black scales ; the costa ferruginous, with short white streaks at the lines ; the subbasal line represented by slight ferruginous marks below costa and cell ; antemedial line ferru- ginous, oblique from costa to submedian fold ; claviform and orbicular absent ; reniform well developed, with ferruginous centre and defined by some black scales ; medial line arising from a small triangular ferruginous patch on costa, then slightly curved ; post- MONIJIA. 419 medial line minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterniinal line only defined by ferru- ginous suffusion on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate at veins 4, 3 ; a waved dark terminal line. Hind wing pinkish white, irrorated with fuscous ; the underside with black discoidal lunule, slight curved postmedial line, and terminal series of points. Hah. Canada, Br. Columbia, Victoria, 1 $ ; U.S.A., Oregon, Corvallis, 1 $ . Exji. 40 millim. 1747. Monima staMlis. Noctua stabilis, ScbifF. Wien. Verz. p. 7t> (ITTO) ; Hiibn. Eur. Sebirett., Noct. f. 171 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. ^i. pi. 81. f. 2 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Eat., Haust. ii. p. 143; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 201. Noctua cerasi, Fabr. Spec. Ins. ii. p. 219 (1781). Bomhyx obliqua, De Vill. Ent. Linn. ii. p. 189, pi. 5. f. 7 (1789;. Bomhyx junctue, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 123 (1803). yovtua pallida, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 242 (1809). Is'octua ruj'annulata. Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 243 (1809). Grey-brown to red-brown ; head and thorax often irrorated with grey ; sides of palpi and frons black. Fore wing more or less strongly irrorated with grey and black ; an indistinct, somewhat waved, subbasal line from costa to submedian fold, often with a black point beyond it in cell ; an indistinct, oblique, waved ante- medial line ; claviform sometimes traceable and defined by whitish above; orbicular and reniform large, defined by whitish, the former round, the latter with some black in lower part ; a medial shade oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, then incurved ; post- medial line more or less indistinct, minutely dentate and produced to points on the veins, excurved from costa to vein 4, then in- curved ; subterminal line whitish, slightly defined by brown on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and incurved at vein 3 ; the veins of terminal area streaked with white ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown ; cilia pale reddish ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a black discoidal spot and punctiform postmedial line. Ab. 1. juncta. Fore wing with the orbicular confluent with the reniform. Nab. Britain, Leech Coll., N. Wales (Salvage) ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller Coll. ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; Russia ; Asia Minor, Pontus ; Syria, Lebanon (Pratt), 1 2 , Mardin. Exp. 34-40 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 73 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 202, pi. 209. f. 2. Green, with numerous yellowish-white dots ; dorsal, subdorsal, and spiracular lines yellowish white, sometimes very indistinct ; Ist somite in front and anal somite behind yellowish white ; head green, sometimes with black dots. Food-plants: Elm, oak, aSV/Zmt, etc, 5-7. 2n-J 420 noctuid.t;. *1748. Monima stenoptera. Taniocampa stenoptera, Staud. Rom. Mem. -vi. p. 497, pi. ix. f. 6 (1892) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 201. S . Head and thorax pale red-brown, abdomen paler. Fore ■wing pale red-brown, the ])Ostmedial area tinged with fuscous ; antemedial line yellowish, slightly incurved from eosta to median uervure, then slightly excurved ; orbicular and reniform defined by yellowish, rather narrow, the former oblique elliptical ; a dark medial shade, ditFused from eosta to median nervure, then oblique ; a yellowish postmedial line outwardly oblique from eosta to vein 7, then inwardly oblique, some pale points beyond it on eosta ; subterminal line yellowish, oblique, slightly incurved ; the veins of terminal area yellowish. Hind wing brownish ochreous. JJab. Amxjeland, Ussuri. E.i'2j. 38 miUim. This species is unknown to me. 1749. Monima rubrescens. (Plate XC. fig. 16.) Apamea rubrescens, W\k. xxxii. 671 (1865); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 206. Taniocampa venata, Smith, Ent. Am. vi. p. 123 (1890). S . Head and thorax pale rufous with a yellowish tinge ; palpi blackish at sides ; abdomen ochreous irrorated with reddish brown. Fore wing reddish ochreous, thickly striated with rufous, the medial area suffused with rufous ; the subbasal line represented by a curved series of three black points, below eosta and in and below cell ; antemedial line obsolete ; orbicular and reniform well de- veloped and with ochreous annuli, the former round with ochreous centre striated with rufous, the latter filled in with fuscous ; the postmedial line represented by a series of short}, very indistinct whitish and black streaks on the veins ; subterminal line hardly traceable, ochreous ; a terminal series of blackish points. Hind wing ochreous, evenly sulfused with fuscous brown ; the cilia ochreous ; the underside ochreous white irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal spot, postmedial series of points on the veins and some points on termen. Hah. Canada (Pettit), 2 S; U.S.A., iS'ew Hampshire (Kemp), 1 $ , New York, Pennsylvania (Kemp), 1 S - Exp. 44 millim. 1750. Monima cruda. Korfna cnnJa, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 77 (1776); Kleem. Beitr. Ins. Ges. i. pi. 46 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 144. Noctva pvlverulrnta, Esp. Scbmett. iii. pi. 76. ff. 5, 6 (1786); Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 2(tl. Bomln/.v nanii.% Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 244 (1809). Nocliia pv^ilh, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 244 (1809). Noctva amhiqvn, Hiibn. Eur. Sclimett., Noct. f. 173 (1827) ; Dup. Lep Fr vi. p. 61, pi. 76. f. 3. Head and thorax grey, more or less strongly tinged with 31 ON IMA. 421 purplish red ; palpi blackish at sides ; abdomen grey-brown, the anal tuft tinged with rufous. Fore wing grey-brown, more or less strongly tinged with rufous and slightly irrorated with black ; the subbasal line represented by black points on costa and in and below cell, the antemedial line by points on costa, veins, and inner margin ; orbicular and reniform with fuscous centres and pale annuli, the former small, round, the latter constricted at middle ; postmedial line represented by a curved series of points on the veins ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, defined on inner side by very obscure brown marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pale, irrorated and suffused with fuscous brown ; the cilia whitish with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and postmedial series of points on the veins. Hah. Britain, Leech Coll.; France; Germany, Zeller Coll.; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; N. Spain ; Italy ; Scandinavia ; Russia : Armenia; Asia Minor, Pontus, Taurus. Exp. 28-32 millim. Larva. Mevr. Brit. Lep. p. 74 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit v. p. 197, pi. 209. f. 1. Green or brown with pale yellowish dots ; dorsal and subdorsal lines pale yellow or whitish ; spiracular line yellow, often spotted with reddish ; posterior edge of anal somite yellowish or whitish ; head sometimes marked with white or black. Food-plants : Oak, hawthorn, SalLv, etc. 5-6. 1751. Monima faiista. Orthosia fausta, Leech, P. Z. S. 1889, p. 513, pi. 50. f. 2. Grey-brown to ochreous brown or dull red-brown ; sides of palpi and frons blackish ; tarsi with dark bands ; abdomen fuscous brown. Fore wing more or less strongly irrorated with brown; an indistinct waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold, with a black point beyond it in cell and often another above vein 1 ; antemedial line represented by black points on costa, submedian and median nervures, vein 1 and inner margin, sometimes traceable as a waved line; orbicular and reniform with faint pale annuli, the former round ; traces of an oblique medial shade sometimes present from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line represented by a series of dark points on tlie veins, excurved from costa to vein 4, (hen oblique ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, slightly defined by somewhat ])unctiform brown marks on inner side, or almost obsolete, slightly incurved at discal and submedian folds ; a tcrmmal series of dark points, the termen crenulate. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia ochreous with a brown line through them ; the underside i)ale, irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal lunule and rather puuctlform sinuous })ostmedial line. Hub. Japan, Yezo (Fryer), 1 c? , Yokohama {Pryer), 3 J, 3 ?, type. Exp. 3G-40 millim. 422 TiocTViifX. 1752. Monima flaviannula. (Plate XC. fig. 17.) T(sniocampa flaviannula. Smith, Journ. N.Y. Ent. Soc. Tii. p. 225 (1899); Djar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. Ifi6. d* . Head and thorax reddish brown, the hairs tipped with grej', the metathoracic tuft darker, tipped with grej- ; abdomen ochreous ■whitish mixed with dark brown, the anal tuft reddish. Fore wing rufous, slightly irrorated with fuscous ; antemedial, medial, and postmedial lines marked by dark points on costa ; traces of a pale excurved portion of the antemedial line belovA- the cell ; reniform darker rufous defined by yellowish ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, slightly defined by fuscous on inner side towards costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing pinkish white, thickly irrorated with dark brown ; the underside paler, with dark discoidal spot and postmedial series of striae on the veins. Hah. CoLORAiK), Glenwood Springs {Barnes), 4 S • Exp. 44 millim. 1753. Monima annnlimacula. (Plate XC. fig. 18.) Tceniocampa antmlimacida, Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xyiii. p. 117 (1891) ; id. Cat, Noct. N. Am. p. 204. S . Head and thorax pale fawn-brown ; sides of palpi and frons blackish ; legs irrorated with black ; abdomen grey-brown, with the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing greyish fawn with slight dark iiToration ; the costal edge reddish ; subbasal line obsolete ; ante- medial line indistinct, waved, with dark points at the veins, nearly erect, or almost obsolete ; orbicular moderate, round, witli indistinct yellowish annulus or obsolete ; reniform with more distinct yellowish annulus defined on inner side by blackish scales ; a slight indistinct medial line excurved from costa to below cell ; post- medial line represented by a series of black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; sub- terminal line indistinct, pale, slightly defined by black scales on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a series of black points just before termen. Hind wing whitish, tinged with pink and irrorated with fuscous ; a discoidal lunula and fine waved terminal line ; the underside with the discoidal lunule more prominent and traces of a series of postmedial points on the veins. Hah. U.S.A., Texas, 1 S • Exp. 48 millim, *1754, Monima addenda. (Plate XC. fig. 19.) TtBiiiocampa addenda, Smith, Ent. Am. vi. p. 122 (1820); id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 204. cJ . Head and thorax grey, mixed with dark brown and tinged with crimson ; palpi blackish at tips ; frons rufous, with two blackish patches at sides : abdomen brownish grey, the aual tuft MONIMA. 423 tinged with rufous. Fore wing grey suffused with pale yellow- brown : subbasal line represented by groups of black scales below costa and cell ; an oblique, diffused, minutely waved antemedial line emitting short streaks on inner side on the veins ; medial area irrorated with black except towards costa ; orbicular and reniform small, with very indistinct black outlines, the former round, the latter a narrow lunule ; postmedial line diffused, emitting short black streaks on the veins, excurvcd from costa to vein 4, then incurved, and at inner margin approximated to antemedial line. Hind wing brown suffused with fuscous ; the underside grey irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot. $ . Head and thorax entirely suffused with crimson-red; abdomen ochreous brown. Fore wing entirely suffused with crimson-red ; the line absent, the medial area not irrorated with black ; orbicular and reniform filled in with fuscous. Hind wing tinged with red, the cilia red. Hah. U.S.A., California, in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 36 millim. *1755. Monima carminata. (Plate XC. fig. 20.) Tceniocampa carminata, Smith, Ent. Am. vi. p. 121 (1890); id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 202. S . Head and thorax pale ochreous brown to fulvous, strongly tinged with purple ; abdomen ochreous yellow. Fore wing pale greyish ochreous to fulvous, the veins suffused with purplish pink ; no other markings except a pale, very ill-defiued discoidal spot representing the reniform. Hind wing fuscous with a yellowish tinge ; the cilia yellow ; the underside pale suffused with brown, the veins and a terminal line brown. Rah. U.S.A., Colorado, in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 36-40 millim. *1756. Monima mys. (Plate XC. fig. 21.) Stretchia mys, Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 168 (1902) ; id. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. V. p. 294 (1903). 6 • Head and thorax dark ])urple-brown ; antennae paler; abdo- men pale suffused with purplish red. Fore wing dark purple-brown with slight greyish irroration ; the markings obsolete. Hind wing whitish tinged with purjdish red, especially towards margins. Ilah. U.S.A., California. Exp. 42 millim. This species is unknown to mo ; figured from a drawing from type in U.S. Nat. Mus. Sect. III. Antennae of male strongly serrate and fasciculai.o, A. Fore wing with the subterminal line angled inwards in discal fold. a. Fore wing red-brown without black patch beyond lower angle of cell odiosa. h. Fore wing grey with black pat,ch beyond lower angle of cell rngrorevaJis. 424 NOCTUID^. B. Fore wing with the subterminal line not angled inwards in discal fold. a. Fore wing with the subterminal line represented by a series of small black spots arthrolita, b. Fore wing with the subterminal line pale. a^. Fore wing with series of small black or red-brown spots beyond subterminal line revicta. b^. Fore wing with more or less prominent small den- tate black or brown marks before subterminal line. a'. Fore wing with small dentate black mark before subterminal line in subiiiedian interspace garmani. i^. Fore wing without small dentate black mark before subterminal line in submedian interspace incerta. c'. Fore wing witiiout small dentate marks before sub- terminal line. a^. Fore wing with the subterminal line defined by brown on inner side. a^. Hind wing wholly suffused with brown. a^. Fore wing with the subterminal line hardly excurved at middle. «'. Fore wing with slight dark irroration. a". Fore wing with the ground-colour blue- grey opima. b^. Fore wing with the ground-colour rufous paromcea. b^. Fore wing with prominent dark striation. . pacijica. b*. Fore wing with the subterminal line distinctly excurved at middle. «'. Fore wing with the postraedial line cori- tinuous alurina. 6*. Fore wing with the postmedial line reduced to a series of points alia. 6^. Hind wing white, the terminal area suffused with fuscous gracilis. b"^. Fore wing with the subterminal line defined by brown on outer side cinnamomea. 1757. Monima odiosa. Agrotis odiosa, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) i. p. 162 (1878) ; id. 111. Het. B. M. iii. p. 14, pi. 44. f. 8. Head and thorax bright red-brown, sometimes with a purplish tinge ; palpi black at sides ; abdomen ochreous, irrorated with brown and tinged with red. Fore wing bright chestnut to purplish brown sparsely irrorated with white, traces of a w^aved whitish subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an indistinct oblique waved antemedial line ; orbicular and reniform large, rather darker than ground-colour and with fine whitish annuli, the former round ; an indistinct medial shade oblique from costa to median ncrvure, then incurved ; postmedial line indistinct and slightly defined by grey on outer side, dentate, excurved from costa to vein 4, then strongly incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line angled outwards at vein 7 and incurved at discal and submedian folds, defined by grey on outer side, strongly at the folds ; termen crenulate. Hind wing yellowish white tinged with brown to fuscous brown ; the cilia rufous ; the underside pale red JIONIMA, 425 irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot and traces of a sinuous postmedial line. Hab. Jatan, Yokohama (Jonas, Pnjer), 5 c? , 3 $ , type, Kiushiu, 1 $ . Exj). 44 millim, *1758. Monima nigrorenalis. (Plate XC. fig. 22.) Leucania nigrorenalis, Ilmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 277 (1894). 2 . Head and thorax pale grey mixed with dark grey ; palpi and frons at sides and antennoe blackish ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen red-brown, fore wing whitish, slightly tinged with pale red-brown and irrorated and striated with blackish ; subbasal line represented by slight black striae from costa and cell ; traces of a nearly straight antcmedial line, with a small black spot beyond it on inner margin ; orbicular represented by a small round black spot ; reniform a rather narrow black lunule, its lower part con- nected by diffused black between veins 2 and 4 with the subterminal line ; a prominent medial black bar from cell to inner margin ; postmedial line bent outwards below costa, oblique to vein 6, then inwardly oblique and nearly obsolete below vein 4 ; subterminal line whitish, rather ill-detined, excurved at vein 7 and middle, some terminal black points; cilia white at base. Hind wing pale suffused with reddish brown ; cilia whitish at base ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a black discoidal spot, sinuous postmedial line, and some points on termen. Hah. SiKHiM (A'H7/i'e^0» type t $ in Coll. Elwes. Elrp. 42 millim . 1759. Monima arthrolita. (Plate XC. fig. 23.) Graphiphora arthrolita, Harv. Bull. Buff. So c. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 27^ (1874) Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 204. Head and thorax pale fulvous brown ; palpi blackish at sides ; abdomen pale brown, irrorated and dorsally suffused with fuscous. Fore wing pale fulvous brown irrorated with fuscous ; a small tuft of black scales at base ; subbasal line obsolete ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique from costa to median nervure, then erect and shghtly waved ; orbicular and reniform with very indistinct yellowish annuli, chiefly defined by the quadaate fuscous patch between them, tlie former round ; a medial shade oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, incurved in subraedian interspace ; postmedial line remote from cell, crenulatc, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then obliiiue and with traces of another line on its inner side ; subterminal line represented by a curved scries of small black spots in the interspaces, somewhat incurved towards inner margin ; a terminal series of small black spots. Hind wing fuscous brown, with a yellowish tinge ; cilia pale ; the underside whitish tinged with pink and slightly irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., California, Sanzalito, 1^,1$, tyjie. E.rp., J 4U, 2 44 millim. 426 NOCTUIDJE. 1760. Monima revicta. (Plate XC. fig. 24.) TcBuiocavipa revicta, Morr. Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. xviii. p. 241 (187')) Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Ain. p. 206. Tceniocampa sub'.erminata, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mu.s. x. p. 47('> (1887); id. Cat. Noet. N. Am. p. 200. Pale bluish or yellowish grey to deep red-brown ; head and thorax irrorated with rufous ; palpi bright rufous ; tibiae and tarsi rufous ; abdomen grey irrorated with brown, the anal tuft fulvous. Fore wing irrorated with brown in the pale specimens, with white in the rufous ones ; subbasal line rufous, defined by white on outer side, curved from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial hne rather indistinct, defined by white on inner side, oblique, waved; claviforra with its extremity slightly defined by rufous ; orbicular and reni- form large, with whitish annuli defined by rufous, the former erect elliptical, the latter filled in with fuscous ; a medial shade oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, where it is angled ; postmedial lino indistinct, whitish, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, produced to a series of black and white points on the veins from vein 6 to inner naargin ; subterminal line Avhite or pale yellowish, defined on outer side from vein 7 to inner margin by a series of rufous or typically black spots, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing whitish irrorated with pale brown, the veins and terminal area tinged with brown ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a discoidal luuule and postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. Hah. Canada, Calgary ( Tro%-X>ofO, 1 J , 1 2 ; U.S.A., Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Abington (Bates), 2 2 ? New York, Centre {Bailey), 2 § , Illinois. Exp. 44 millim. 1761. Monima garmani. (Plate XC. fig. 25.) Graphiphora garmani, Grote, Can. Ent. xi. p. 28 (1879) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 206. cJ . Head and thorax dull reddish brown, the hairs tipped with grey ; abdomen yellowish brown mixed with dark brown. Fore wing pale reddish suffused with fuscous brown ; subbasal line obsolete ; faint traces of a double, waved antemedial line ; claviform represented by some black scales at its extremity ; orbicular rather elongate clli])tical, defined by black except above ; I'eniform defined by black on inner side ; postmedial line indistinct, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved; subterminal line very indistinct, defined by a series of black spots on inner side from vein 7 to inner margin, obsolescent above and below vein 5. Hind wing ochreous white irrorated with brown ; the underside with black discoidal point. Hah. U.S.A., Illinois, 1 c^ type, Iowa. Exft. 40 millim. 427 1762. Monima incerta. Noctua incerta, Hiifn. Berl. Mag. iii. p. 298 (1757) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 201. JS'ocfua instahili.% Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 76 (1776); Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 151. f. 3 ; Hubu. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 165 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 130, pi. 81. f. 3 ; Steph. III. Brit. Eiit., Haust. ii. p. 140. Noctua trigatta, Esp. Scbuiett. iv. pi. 147. f. 4 (1790). Noctua contracta, Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 151. f. 2 (1790). Noctua collinita, Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 152. f. 6 (1790). Bomhyx nehidosns, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 120 (1803). Bomhyx subsetaccus, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 120 (1803). Bomhyx fiiscatiis, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 122 (1803). Bombyx angustus. Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 122 (1803). Tani'ocampa evanida, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) iv. p. 362 (1879). Tceniocampa pallida, Lampa, Ent. Tidskr. 1885, p. 72. TcBniocampa ■pallida. Stand. Stett. eut. Zeit. 1888, p. 32. Taniocarapa pallidior, Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 201 (1901). Head and thorax rufous more or less strougly mixed with grey ; palpi black at sides ; abdomen grey irrorated Avith brown, the anal tuft and ventral surface tinged with rufous. Fore Aving grey, thickly irrorated and striated Avith brown and more or less strongly suffused with rufous ; an indistinct subbasal line from costa to submedian fold, followed by a dark point in cell ; antemedial line indistinct, slightly sinuous ; orbicular and reniform large, with whitish annuli, the former oblique elliptical, the latter with its lower part filled in with fuscous ; an ill-defined medial shade oblique from Fig. 114. — Monima incerta, (^ . \. costa to lower angle of cell, then incurved ; postmedial line indistinct, dentate or reduced to a series of minute dark striae on the veins, excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved ; subtcrminal lino whitish, defined by brown on inner side, forming somewluit dentate marks at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing whitish, suffused and irrorated with fuscous brown, especially on terminal area ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a black discoidal spot and postmedial series of points on the veins. Ab. 1. fuscata. Fore Aving almost uniform fuscous. Ab. 2. liallvlci. Fore A\'ing paler and greyer. Ab. 3. palUdior. Much paler : fore wing grey-Avhitc ; hind wing whitish. 428 NOCTUID^. Ab. 4, evanida. Like palUdior but larger, tbe subterminal line strongly defined by rufous, Hab. Britain, Scotland, Leech Coll., England, Leech Coll. ; France, Sand Coll. ; German?, Zcller Coll. ; Hungary, Leech Coll. ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; Spain ; Italy ; Scandinavia ; Russia, Livonia, St. Petersburg, Zeller Coll. ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Pontus ; W. Siberia, Altai ; W. Turkestan, Ala Tau, Ferghana, Issyk-Kul ; E. Siberia ; Japan, Yesso {Pryer), 1 S , Yokohama (Jonas, Pryer), 6 c? , 1 $ , type evanida, Kiushiu, 1 c? , 1 $ ; Punjab, Simla (Nurse), 1 $ . Exjj. 40-50 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 72 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 213, pis. 211, 212. f. 1. Green, with numerous yellowish or whitish dots ; dorsal and spiracular lines pale yellow or whitish ; subdorsal line formed of pale dots ; head green. Food-plants : Oak, poplar, hawthorn, etc. 5-7. 1763. Monima opima. Noctua opima, Hubn. Eur. Sclimett., Noct. f. 424 (1827) ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 201. Noctua firma, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 676, 677 (1827). TcBniocampa medioliigcns, Schultz, lUustr. Zeit. Eut. v. p. 349 (1900). Head and thorax grey mixed with reddish brown ; palpi brown or blackish at sides ; abdomen grey tinged with reddish brown. Fore wing grey irrorated with red-brown, the medial area suffused with red-brown ; the subbasal line represented by a slight striga from costa ; the antemedial line indistinct, erect, waved ; claviform sometimes slightly defined by wliitish ; orbicular and reniform large, with grey centres irrorated with brown and whitish annuli, the former rounded ; xwstmedial line defined by whitish on outer side, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4 ; subterminal line whitish, defined by red-brown on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7, then nearly straight or slightly excurved at middle ; a series of dark points just before termen ; cilia tinged with rufous. Hind wing whitish irrorated with brown ; the underside tinged with pink, a discoidal spot and indistinct curved postmedial line, Ab. 1. Greyer; fore wing without rufous suff"usion on medial area, but with an indistinct medial shade. Ab. 2. Wholly suffused with fuscous brown with a reddish tinge. Hah. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France, Sand Coll, ; Germany, Zeller Coll, ; Austria, Carniola, Zeller Coll, ; Switzerland, Frey Coll, ; Scandinavia; IIussia, Leech Coll., Urals; W. Siberia, Altai, Zeller Coll. ; W, Turkestan, Ala Tau, Ex'p. 36-40 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 73 , Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 208, pi. 210. f. 2. Dull olive-green to red-brown with darker freckles ; dorsal and subdorsal lines paler ; spiracular line yellow or yellowish green, dark-margined above ; head brownish. Food-plants : Sahx and PkOse. 5, 6, JIONIMA. 429 1764. Monima paronicea, n. sp. (Plate XC. fig. 26.) Semiophora stabilis, Leeeli, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1900, p. 75 (nee Sehiff.). Head and thorax pale rufous, sometimes greyish or purplish brown ; palpi black at sides : abdomen pale grey-brown, the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing pale rufous to grey-brown or purplish brown irrorated with fuscous ; an indistinct waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold, with a point beyond it in cell some- times present ; antemedial line indistinct, excurved in interspaces, reduced to points on the veins or obsolete ; orbicular and reniform large, with whitish annuli, their centres often defined by fuscous, the former oblique elliptical, sometimes conjoined to latter in- feriorly; postmedial line indistinct, dentate, reduced to a series of points on the veins or almost obsolete, excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved ; subterrainal line whitish, defined by rufous or brown on inner side, very slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and incurved below vein 3 ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing yellowish white, almost uniformly suffused with fuscous brown, the cilia pale reddish ; the underside pale irrorated with brown, a black discoidal spot and punctiform sinuous postmedial line. Hab. Japan, Yesso, Yokohama (Jonas, Fryer), 6 cj" , 0 5 , type. Edjj. 36-40 millim. 1765. Monima paciflca. (Plate XC. fig. 27.) Teeviocampa pacifica, Harv. Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. li. p. 120 (1874); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 20.3. Head and thorax pale grey-brown, often with a reddish or olive tinge ; sides of palpi and frons black ; abdomen pale grey-brown irrorated with fuscous. Pore wing pale ochreous brown, striated with rufous and irrorated with fuscous, or more or less completely suffused with purplish or red-brown ; a small tuft of black scales at base ; the subbasal line represented by a slight striga from costa, a point below cell, and another further irom base in the cell; the antemedial line represented by a more or less complete series of black points ; orbicular and reniform large, with indistinct pale annuli, the former oblique elliptical, very indistinct, the latter with its lower part filled in with fuscous ; an obscure medial shade, oblique from costa to lower angle of cell, where it is angled ; post- medial lino represented by an indistinct excurved pale part from costa to vein 6, then by a series of short black streaks on the veins interrupted by white points and closely approximated to the subterminal line, which is palo defined by fuscous on inner side, excurved at vein 7 and somewhat dentate at veins 4 and 3 ; a series of black points just before tcrmen ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing whitish irrorated and suffused with fuscous ; the under- side with black discoidal spot, sinuous postmedial line, and some black points on termen. Ab. 1. Underside of hind wing with black streak in the cell. 430 KOCTUID^. Hah. Canada, Vancouver (Danby), 5 c? > 1 ? ; U.S.A., Colorado, California, Sanzalito, 3 S , type. Exp. 40-44 millim. Larva. Green ; dorsal and subdorsal lines white, narrow, faint ; stigmatal line narrow ; a white band on the hump of joint 12. — H. G. D. 1766. Monirna alurina. (Plate XC. fig. 28.) Taniocampa alurina, Smith, Journ. N.Y. Eut. Soe. x. p. 47 (1902); Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 167. Head and thorax clothed with brown hair tipped with grey ; abdomen reddish brown. Fore wing purplish grey tinged with reddish brown and irrorated with black ; subbasal line represented by dark marks below costa and cell ; antemedial line oblique towards costa, then slightly sinuous; claviform absent; orbicular with obscurely defined grey annulus, round ; reniform with dark centre and obscurely defined grey annulus ; a medial shade, in- curved below angle of cell ; postmedial line indistinct, somewhat dentate, obli(]ue from costa to vein 6 and incurved below vein 4 ; Eubterminal line indistinct, greyish, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, narrowly defined by brown on inner side and with a patch before it on costal area; a terminal series of small black spots. Hind wing grey tinged with pink, the terminal area suff'used with fuscous ; the underside pinkish white irrorated with brown, a black discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hab. U.S.A., New York, Illinois, Chicago, in Coll. J. B. Smith, Colorado, Berkeley (Oslar), 1 d . Ex^^. 42 millim. 1767. Monirna alia. (Plate XC. fig. 29.) Tcenioca7npa alia, Guen. Noct. i. p. 352 (1852) ; Smith, Cat. Noet. N. Am. p. 205. TcBniocam'pa hihisci, Guen. Noct. i. p. 355 (1852). Orthosia inscicns, Wlk. xi. 746 (1857). Orthodcs instahilis. Fitch, 3rcl Eep. N.Y. State Agr. Soc. xvi. p. 25 (1859), iiec Schiff. TcBniocampa coiiflaens, Morr. Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. xvii. p. 159 (1874). Head and thorax red-brown mixed with grey ; sides of palpi and frons blackish ; abdomen brownish grey. Fore wing purplish grey, suff'used with ferruginous red except on inner area ; subbasal line very indistinct, greyish, from costa to submedian fold; ante- medial line indistinct, waved, greyishj slightly defined on each side by brown ; orbicular and reniform rather large, with grey anuuli, the former elliptical, erect, the latter with its lower part filled in with fuscous ; postmedial line greyish, slightly defined on each side by brown, waved, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, with a slight series of black points on the veins beyond it ; eubterminal line very indistinct, greyish, slightly defined by brown on inner side and with distinct dark brown marks before it above and below vein 5 and in submedian fold ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing pale thickly irrorated with brown, the terminal MONIMA. 43i area suffused with brown ; the underside with the costal area tinged with rufous, a dark discoidal spot and indistinct curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. hibisci. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform conjoined. Hab. Canada {Norman), 1 $ , Calgary ( Wolley-Dod), 1 c? , 1 2 _; U.S.A., 1 2 type, Easteru States to Georgia and West to Mississippi States, 1 $ (Doicbledatf), type insciens, Missouri. Exp. 44 millim. Larva. Green ; dorsal and subdorsal lines yellowish white, faint, broken ; stigmatal line narrow, running above the spiracles except on joints 2 and 12. — H. G. D. 1768. Monima gracilis. Noctua gracilis, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 7''>(1876); Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 168 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 141, pi. 82. f. 1 ; Frey. :N'eu Beitr.iv. pi. 317 ; Herr.-Sclulff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 383 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 202. Nociua coUinita, Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 152. f. 6 (1796). Isoctim lepida, Scriba, Bfiitr. Ins. Ges. iii. pi. 18. f. 7 (1793). Bomlnjx sparms, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 122 (1803) ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 143. Orthosia pallida, Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 143 (1829). Taniocampa cUa, Bull. A. M. N. H. (.5) i. p. 167 (1878). Taniocampa paUidior, Stand. Stett. ent. Zeit. 18S8, p. 32. TcBiiiocampa riifcscens, Cockerell, Entom. xxii. p. 4 (1889). Head and thorax grey slightly irrorated with pale brown ; palpi blackish at sides ; abdomen tinged with rufous. Fore wing pale yellowish, suffused with grey-white and sparsely irrorated with black ; subbasal line represented by a dark point ia cell ; traces of a pale, waved, antemedial line ; claviform sometimes defined by whitish ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by whitish, the former round ; traces of a medial shade sometimes present ; po.st- medial line represented by a series of black points on the veins, excurved from costa to vein 4, then oblique ; subterminal line whitish, slightly defined by brown on inner side, slightlj^ excurved below costa and at middle ; a series of dark points just before termen ; cilia tinged with rufous. Hind wing whitish irrorated and suffused with brown, especially on costal and terminal areas ; cilia white ; the underside white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with fuscous, a slight discoidal spot and postmedial series of short striae on the veins. Ab. 1. rufescens. Head, thorax, and fore wing more or less strongly tinged with rufous. Ab. 2. Fore wing suffused with fuscous brown. Ab, 3. jjallidior. Much paler and greyer. Hab. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller Coll. ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; Spain ; Italy; Scandinavia; Russia, Leech Coll., Livonia ; Armenia ; Amurland, 1 $ , Ussuri ; Japan, Hakodate, 1 $ , Yokohama (Jonas, Pryer), 5 (^ , 4 $ , type ella. Exp. 40-46 millim. 432 NocTurD.^5. Larva. Meyr. Erit. Lep. p. 73 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 221, pi. 213. Dull green or pinkish brown.; dorsal and subdorsal lines paler ; spiracular line pale greenish, rarely pinkish, edged above by dark grey or black ; head pale brown or greenish. Food-plants : Salix, Carduus, LysimacJiia, etc. 5-7. 1769. Monima cinnamomea. Megascma cinnamomea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 352, pi. 38. f. 6; ilmpsn. Moths Iiid. ii. p. 277. 2 . Head and thorax pale rufous ; palpi at tips and shaft of antennas above white ; tegulre with bright rufous line before tips w^hich are white ; abdomen brown. Fore wing whitish tinged with rufous and irrorated with brown ; subbasal line rufous, defined by white on outer side, straight from costa to submediau fold ; antemedial line defined by white on inner side, straight, oblique ; orbicular large, with slight white annulus defined by rufous, oblique elliptical : reniform quadrate, defined at sides by white and rufous ; an indistinct dark medial line ; postmedial line rufous, defined by white on outer side, straight, oblicjue ; subterminal line defined by white on inner side, straight, oblique, the area beyond it somewhat darker ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing pale fuscous tinged with pinkish and irrorated with brown, the termen and cilia pale rufous ; the underside with discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hah. SiEHiM, 7600 feet {Dudgeon) , 1 $ . Exp. 46 millim. Genus PALPONIMA, nov. Type, P. ortJiosioidcs. Probo-scis fully developed ; palpi obliquely porrect, the 2nd joint extending about the length of head and fringed with long hair below, the 3rd joint long and dilated at extremity ; frons with roughened truncate conical prominence ; eyes large, rounded ; antennas of male bipectinate, with long branches to apex, of female ciliated ; head and thorax clothed with hair only, tlie latter witii triangular ridge-like dorsal crest ; tibire moderately hairy ; abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st segment only. Fore wing narrow, the apex rectangular, the ternien nearly straight to vein 3, then oblique ; veins 3 and 5 (roni near angle of cell ; fi from upper angle ; 9 from 10, anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anasto- mosing with the cell near base only. 1770. Palponima orthosioides. Scmiophora orthosioides, Butl. 111. Het. B. M. vii. p. 56, pi. 128. f. 1 (1889) ; Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 205. Head and thorax dark browm mixed with grey ; palpi whitish at tips ; tegulse with black line just before the tips, which are whitish ; abdomen ochreous grey with some dark irroration. Fore wing pale grey-brown to dark grey-brown with fuscous irroration ; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line PALPONIMA. — CLAVrPALPULA. 433 double, nearly even, slightly curved and oblique ; orbicular and reniform moderate, with blackish centres and pale brown annuli defined by black ; medial line excurved from costa to median uervure; postmedial line more or less distinct, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, with a series of short black streaks on the veins beyond it interrupted by white points ; some pale points on costa before the subterminal line, Fig. 115. — Palponi/iia orlhosioides, (^ . \. (From Moths Inch vol. ii.) which is whitish tinged with rufous and very slightly and evenly curved ; a terminal series of slight dark points. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the underside greyer irrorated with fuscous, a black discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Ab. 1. Much paler and greyer ; fore wing with a series of black spots before the subterminal line and somewhat dentate at middle. — Simla. Hah. Punjab, Mandi (HocJcing), 3 c5" , 5 $ , type, Simla (Nurse), 1 $ . Ex2). 32 millim. Genus CLAVIPALPULA. Type. Clavipalpula, Staud. Rom. Mem. vi. p. 499 (1892) auraria. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi with the 2nd joint obliquely upturned and fringed with hair in front, the 3rd long, porrect, and somewhat dilated at extremity ; frons smooth ; antennae of male strongly ciliated ; head and thorax clothed with hair only and without distinct crests ; tibiaj moderately hairy ; abdomen with dorsal crest at base. Fore wing with the termen crenulate and obliquely curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hind wing witii veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 1771. Clavipalpula aurarisB. Tcsniocampa aurarice, Oberth. Et. Ent. v. p. 76, pi. iii. f. 6 (1880) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 201. 2 . Head and thorax whitish tinged with rufous, especially on tegulse ; sides of palpi and frons dark brown ; abdomen brownish grey. Fore wing grey-white irrorated with red-brown, the medial area red-brown except inner margin ; a small black spot below base of cell, with the subbasal line just beyond it represented by obli(iuc black striae from costa and cell ; anteraedial line indistinctly double, very oblique, sinuous and incurved to inner margin ; median uervure and veins 3, 4 streaked with whitish ; orbicular VOL. v. 2 i" 434 xocTuiDi. and reniform large, whitish, the former concave towards base, open above and below and tinged with brown above, the latter with its centre tinged with rufous, constricted at middle ; post- medial line indistinctly double, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved to vein 4, then strongly incurved and sinuous; sub- terminal line almost obsolete, waved, pale, with a series of brown Fig. 116. — Clavipaljnda aitraricB, $. \. points on it and defined by brown on inner side at costa ; a terminal series of slight dark points and a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing ochreous white suffused with brown towards termen ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas slightly irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot. Hah. Amurland ; Japan, Yezo, Hakodate (Pryer), 2 cJ . JSa^. 40 millim. Genus PERIGONICA. Type. Perignnica, Smith, Ent. Am. vi. p. 123 (1890) angulata. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi .short, porrect, fringed with hair ; fron.s smooth, with small corneous plate below it ; eyes large, rounded ; head and thorax clothed with long fine hair, a ridge-like dorsal crest ; tibite fringed with hair ; abdomen with dorsal crest on 1st segment and lateral tufts of hair. Fore wing with the apex somewhat produced and acute, the termen excised below it; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastoming with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3,4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. Sect. 1. Antennas of male bipectinate, with moderate branches. A. Fore wing slightly irrorated with fuscous fulmvians. B. Fore wing thickly irrorated with fuscous ierfia. 1772. Perigonica fulminans. Perigonicafulminayis, Smith, Ent. Am. vi. p. 124 (1890); id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 209. Head and thorax clothed with pale rufous hair; palpi irrorated with black ; frons black at sides ; pectus black and white in front ; legs whitish irrorated with black ; abdomen white irrorated with black, the anal tuft tinged with ochreous. Fore wing pale rufous, the markings hardly visible or quite obsolete ; subbasal line fuscous, double ; antemedial line single, curved ; orbicular moderate, with very faint pale annulus ; reniform nan-ow, constricted at middle, PERISONICA. 435 with pale annulus, the lower part darkened by the medial shade, which is oblique from costa to lower angle of cell ; postmedial line double, the outer line reduced to points on the veins, bent out- wards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal Fig. 117. — Perigonica fulminans, (^ . \. line distinct, whitish, incurved below vein 4. Hind wing white, slightly tinged with rufous on marginal areas ; the underside with the marginal areas irrorated with dark brown, a black discoidal point. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, 1 S , Arizona, Prescott (Oslar), 1 J , 1 $ . Exjy. 42 millim. 1773. Perigonica tertia. (Plate XC. fig. 30.) Perigonica tertia, Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 168 (1902) ; id. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. V. p. 294 (1903). Head and thorax pale rufous, some of the hairs tipped with black ; abdomen pale rufous irrorated with black. Fore wing pale rufous, prominently irrorated with black ; subbasal line indistinct, double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line double, rather irregularly waved and somewhat oblique ; orbicular and reniform with ill-defined pale annuli, the former small, round, the latter rather constricted at middle and with some fuscous in its lower part ; a more or less distinct medial shade oblique from costa to median nervure, where it is angled ; postmedial line slightly waved, bent outwards below costa, somewhat incurved at discal fold and strongly below vein 4, a double series of points on the veins beyond it ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, defined on inner side by a series of lunulato fuscous marks, becoming somewhat dentate at middle, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a prominent terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, with a pinkish tinge and irrorated with brown, especially on terminal area ; traces of a diffused subterminal band ; the underside with black discoidal lunule, traces of postmedial series of points, and some points on termen. Hah. U.S.A., Oregon, Portland, California ( Walsingham), 1 $ , Arizona, Prescott (Oslar), 1 c? , 1 2 • Exp. 44 millim. 2j2 436 . ISrOCTUlDy^. Skct. II. Antcnnte of male serrate and fasciculate. *1774. Perigonica angulata. Ferigonica angulata. Smith, Ent. Am. vi. p, 124 (1890) ; id. Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 2U9. (S . Head and thorax pale rufous slightly irrorated with black ; antennfe blackish ; frons black ; pectus and legs whitish irrorated with black ; abdomen ochreous irrorated with black, the ventral surface whiter. Fore wing ochreous with a rufous tinge and sparsely irrorated with black ; antemedial line represented by a black point on costa ; medial line fairly distinct on costal area, then almost obsolete, oblique from costa to lower angle of cell ; reniform indistinct, with slight fuscous centre and pale annulus ; postmedial line indistinct, slightly bent outwards below costa, Fig. 118. — Perigonica angulata, (^. \, oblique to vein 6, then somewhat dentate, with points at the veins and series of points beyond it, incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line very faint, pale, minutely wared, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, a slight fuscous shade before it on costa ; terminal series of slight points. Hind wing ochreous white with a slight pink tinge ; the marginal areas irrorated with brown ; a terminal series of black points on apical half; the underside irrorated with black, a small discoidal spot and slight postmedial series on the veins. Hah. U.S.A., California, Sierra Nevada, in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 38 millim. Genus SIDERIDIS. Type. Sideridis, Hiibn. Verz. p. 232 (1827) evidens. Alefia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 289 (1827) vitellina. Hyphilare, Hiibn. Verz. p. 239 (1827) alhipuncta. CrocigrajpJia, Grote, Can. Ent. vii. p. 67 (1875) normani. Proboscis fully developed; palpi short, obliquely upturned, the 2nd joint fringed with long hair in front, the 3rd minute ; frons smootli ; eye.^ large, rounded ; antennre of male typically minutely ciliated ; head and thorax clothed witli hair only, except a few scales on upper edge of patagia ; the pro- thorax with spreading crest ; tibijc fringed with hair ; abdomen with dorsal cre.st on 1st segment only. Fore wing with the apex rectangular, the termen oblique towards tornus ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of eell ; B from u))per angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosiug with 8 to form the areole ; 1 1 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from just below middle of discocellulai's; G, 7 from upper angle; 8 anastomosing with cell near base only. SIDEEIDI?, 437 Sect. I. Anteunte of male bipectinate, with short branches to near apex. < 1775. Sideridis limbata. Apamea limbata, Butl. A.M. N. H. (5) iv. p. 360 (1879). Head and thorax grey tinged witli brown, the crests on thorax tipped with black ; tarsi banded with black ; abdomen brownish grey irrorated with black. Fore wi"ng ochreous white striated with brown and irrorated with black, the areas between subbasal and antemedial lines down to submedian fold and between postmedial and subterminal lines except towards inner margin suffused with black; subbasal line double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; ante- medial line double, waved, angled outwards below cell ; claviform Fig. 119. — Sideridis limbata, d. \- small, incompletely defined by black; orbicular and reniform defined by black, the former small, irregularly rounded, the latter rather constricted at middle ; an oblique fuscous striga from costa to reniform; postmedial line minutely dentate, excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line only defined by the contrast between the dark and pale areas, angled outwards at discal fold and incurved above and below those points ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia rufous with black tips. Hind wing ochreous white tinged with brown, the inner and terminal areas suffused with fuscous brown ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line with short black strealis on the veins sliowing through to upperside. Hab. Japan, Kiushiu, i d , Yokohama {rri/cr), 1 J , 4 ? , type. Ex2). 44 millim. Sect. II. Antennae of male ciliated. A. {Hi/philare). Abdo7nen of male with paired ventral tufts of long liair from base ; the wing suffused with silvery scales on underside. a. Frontal tuft of male enlarged and hollowed out over the palpi ; tults of jellow scales below and between teguliu. 177G. Sideridis litliargyria. Kodua li/harr/7/ria, Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 124. f. 6 (17J Hiibn. Enr. jchmett, iSoct. f. 225 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 100, pi. 107. f. 1 ; Steph. :il. 13rit. Eut.; llaust. ii. p. 161 ; Stand. Cat. I-ep. pal. p. 19?-. Scl 111 438 TSOCTXJIDM. Mythimna griaea, Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 150 (1829). Leucania anargyria, Boisd. Ind. Meth. p. 132 (1840). Leucania argyritis, Eamb. Cat. Lep. S. And. pi. 8. f. 2 (1858). Head and thorax purplish pink ; abdomen pinkish, paler at base, the ventral tufts of male black. Fore wing purplish red, the costal and inner areas rather paler and irrorated with red ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique, waved ; a slight pale discoidal lunule con- joined to a prominent small white spot at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line indistinct, somewhat dentate and produced to a Fig. 120. — Sideridis lithargyria, (j". }. series of black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, escurved to vein 4, then incurved. Hind wing pale reddish sutFused with fuscous ; the cilia pale reddish, with a deep red line through them. Underside suffused with silvery scales in male except costal area of fore wing ; of female pale pinkish irrorated with brown, the cell of fore wing suffused with fuscous. Ab. 1. grisea. Thorax and fore wing greyish and only slightly tinged with red ; hind wing paler. Hah. Bp>itain, Scotland, Leech Coll., England, Leech Coll. ; France, Cevennes {A. E. Jones) ; Geemany, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls.; Switzerland, Frey Coll.; Spain, Canales (Chajwuin) ; Italy ; Sicily ; Dalmatia ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Lydia, Pontus, Taurus ; Syria, 2 J , 1 $ ; Persia ; W. Turkestan, Issyk-Kul ; Tibet, Kuku-noor. Kvjc). 40-44 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 68; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 176, pi. 205. f. 3. Pinkish ochreous ; dorsal line white edged with black ; subdorsal line whitish, edged above with deep fuscous; supraspiracular line sometimes paler. Food-plants, Grasses. 9-5. b. Frontal tuft of male not enlarged and overhanging the palpi ; no tufts of yellow hair below and between tegulse. 1777. Sideridis albipuncta* Noctua albipttncta, Sdiiff. Wien. Verz. p. 84 (1776) ; Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii. p. 178 (1787) ; Hiibn. Eur. Sebmett., Noct. f. 223 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 193. Leucania italo-gaUica, Mill. Cat. Alp. Marit. ii. Suppl. p. 21 (1872). Jjcucaniajicc/ci, Carad. Iris, ix. p. 31 (1896). Head and thorax bright rufous ; tegulae with Slight dark medial •IDEBIDia. 439 line ; abdomen ochreous more or less tinged with brown, the ventral tufts of hair of male black. Fore wing purplish rufous with slightly darker irroration ; the costal edge whitish ; an indis- tinct oblique waved antemedial line ; a small white spot at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line indistinct, somewhat dentate and produced to black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; subterminal line indistinct, arising from termen below apex, angled iuwards in discal and submcdian folds Fig. 121.— Sideridis albijmncta, (^ . \. and excurved between those points, the area beyond it somewhat darker. Hind wing ochreous, more or less strongly suffused with fuscous brown. Underside of male whitish, suffused with silvery scales except costal area of fore wing ; of female pale, tinged with purplish red especially towards costa and termen and irrorated with brown. Ab. 1. italo-gaUka. Darker dull brown. Ab. 2. flecci. Fore wing dull grey-brown ; hind wing fuscous. Hab. Britain, S. ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls, ; Spain ; Italy ; Rumelia ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Bithynia, Pontus ; Persia. Exp. 36 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 68 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 173, pi. 205. f. 2. Pale greyish ochreous freckled with brownish ; dorsal line pale, brown-edged ; subdorsal line pale, edged above with blackish, below with brown ; lateral line pale ; spiracular lino whitish ; head ochreous reticulated with brown. Food-plants, Grasses. 11-8. B. (Sideridis). Abdomen of male witbout paired ventral tufts of long hair from base. a. Fore wing yellow snfTused slightly with rufous vifellinc. b. Fore wing greyish suifuscd with rufous. a}. Fore wing not striated with rufous. a^. Thorax deep rui'ous rosea. b^. Thorax pale rufous evidens. 6'. Fore wing striated with rui'ous norrtia^ii. c.^Fore wing deep rufous congermana. d: Fore wing deep purple-red ruhejacta. e. Fore wing blue-grey irrorated with fuscous ccesia. /. Fore wing white with a violaceous tinge cximia. 440 NOCTUID^. 1778. Sideridis vitellina. Nocfua vifdlina, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 379, 589 (1827) ; Dup. Lep, Fr. vii. p. 475, pi. 130. f. 4 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 193. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow tinged with rufous. Fore wing yellow irrorated with rufous ; indistinct oblique rufous streaks above and below vein 1 before the antemedial line, which is dentate, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular a small rutbus spot ; reniform a rufous lunula ; postmedial line somewhat dentate and with minute dark streaks on the veins, slightly incurved to costa and in discal fold, oblique below vein 4 ; subterminal line minutely waved, angled outwards at vein 7 and slightly excurved at middle. Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins and terminal area tinged with ochreous ; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated with rufous. Hah. Britain ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls.; Hungary, Frey Coll.; Italy, Capri {C. Browne) ; Sicily, Zeller Coll.; Dalmatia, Leech Coll.; Algiers; Canaries, Leech Coll., {W. White) 1 S ', Syria, Leech Coll.; W. Turkestan, Ferghana, Issyk-Kul ; Kashmir, Scind Valley {Leech), 1 § , Nubra {IIcArthur), 1 §, liala (il/c^r^Zmr), 1 ?, Narkundah (McArthur), 1^,1$; Punjab, Kulu, Sultanpur (G. Young), 1 d" • ^^i*- 40-44 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 69 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 168, pi. 204. f. 3. Pale reddish brown ; dorsal, subdorsal, and lateral whitish lines edged with brown ; spiracular line pale ; head reddish brown reticulated with black. Food-plants, Grasses. 10-5. 1779. Sideridis rosea. (Plate XC. fig. 31.) Mamesfra rosea, Harv. Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 119 (1874) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 120. Head and thorax deep rufous; abdomen pale rufous with the dorsal crest deep rufous. Fore wing whitish, tinged with pale red and irrorated with deep red; a curved subbasal line from costa to vein 1 ; an oblique waved antemedial line ; claviform large, defined by red ; orbicular and reniform large, defined by red, the former round, the latter greyish, its centre defined by fuscous and with fuscous patch in its lower part ; a sinuous medial shade, oblique from costa to lower angle of cell ; postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line grey defined by deep rufous suffusion on inner side, sinuous, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing whitish, the costal and terminal areas tinged with yellow and more or less irrorated with red ; the veins reddish ; a diffused fuscous subterminal band sometimes present; the underside with indistinct curved postmedial line. Hab. Canada; U.S.A., Maine, Id type, Massachusetts (Newton), 1 $ , Now York (Bailei/), 1 d" , 2 $, Oregon, Colorado (Bruce), 1 S . 1'>P' 42-52 millim. SIDERIDIS. 441 1780. Sideridis evideus. Noctua evidens, Hubn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 369 (1827) ; Diip. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 457, pi. 128. f. 6, & Suppl. iii. pi. 39. f. 2 ; Staucl. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 193. Head and thorax bright rufous ; abdomeu yellowish tinged with rufous. Fore wing rufous suffused with whitish, the veiuti rufous ; subbasal line rufous, angled outwards below costa and on median nervure, from costa to submedian fold ; autemcdial line oblique, waved ; claviform moderate, defined by rufous ; orbicular and reni- form defined by rufous, the former round ; a slightly waved medial shade, oblique from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; subtermiual line formed by somewhat dentate rufous marks, diffused on inner side towards costa, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a fine waved terminal line. Hind wing ochreous suflPused with rufous, a diffused fuscous sub- terminal band ; the underside paler, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with purplish red, a small discoidal spot and curved post- medial line. Hah. Germany, Bohemia, Leech Coll. ; Atjsteia, Leech Coll. ; Hungary, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; IItjssia, Crimea, Urals ; W. Siberia, Altai. Exp. 36 millim. 1781. Sideridis normani. Perigrapha normani, Grote, Can. Ent. vi. p. 115 (1874) ; id. Can. Ent. vii. p. 227, pi. i. f. 13 ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 201. Head and thorax red-brown, the hairs tipped with grey ; sides of palpi and frons blackish; patagia with a few large black scales on upper edge ; abdomen ochreous whitish slightly irrorated with Fig. 122. — Sideridis normani, cJ . \. black. Fore wing rufous sparsely irrorated with black, the inner and postmedial areas more or less greyish with rufous striation ; subbasal line indistinct, dark defined by grey on outer side, from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line defined by grey on inner side, obli(iuc and slightly curved ; orbicular and reniform largo, with grey annuli, the former rounded, the latter with some fuscous in its lower part ; postmedial line slightly defined by grey on outer side, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal lino very indistinct, ■442 NOCTUID-E. angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle, a grey patch beyond it at apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing semihyaline white with slight brown irroration ; the veins tinged with brown ; the terminal area suffused with brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal spot and postmedial series of points on the veins. Hah. Canada, 1 S type, (Norman) 1 S ; U.S.A., N. and E. States, New York, Evan's Centre (^Bailey), 3 $ , Exp. 40 millim. ] 782. Sideridis congermana. (Plate XC. fig. 32.) Hadena congcrmana, Morr. Can. Ent. vi. p. 106 (1874) ; Smith, Cat. Noct, N. Am. p. 120. $ . Head and thorax deep purplish rufous, the latter with yellower dorsal stripe ; abdomen yellowish tinged with rufous, deep rufous below. Fore wing deep purplish rufous, the veins fuscous ; a waved yellowish subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line oblique, waved, yellowish ; claviform obsolete ; orbicular a small whitish annulus with brown centre ; reniform large, with fuscous centre with some white on it and white annulus somewhat broken up into spots ; postmedial line represented by a series of white points on the veins and yellowish strigce on costa and inner margin, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, some yellowish points on costa beyond it ; subterrainal line yellowish, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate on veins 4, 3, the area beyond it paler and yellower ; cilia intersected with fuscous. Hind wing whitish, suffused with fuscous brown especially on terminal area, the termen red ; the cilia yellow with a red line through them ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas suffused and irrorated with red, a dark discoidal lunule and sinuous postmedial line. Hah. U.S.A., iS'.E. and Middle States {Morrison), 1 $ type, New York, Albany {Bailey), 2 § , Colorado. Exp. 40 millim. 1783. Sideridis rubefacta. (Plate XCI. fig. 1.) Ceramica rubefacta, Morr. Can. Ent. vi. p. 249 (1874) ; Smith, Cat. Xoct. N. Am. p. 120. Mamestra viiidemialis, Grote, Can. Ent. xii. p. 185 (1880), nee Guen. Head and thorax deep purplish red-brown, the latter with j-ellowish dorsal stripe ; abdomen purplish red, greyish at base, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing deep purplish red, sometimes suffused with fuscous, the costal area slightly irrorated with white ; traces of a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an indistinct oblique waved antemedial line ; claviform obsolete ; orbicular and reniform with a few grey scales at centre and very indistinct dark outlines, the former small ; an indistinct dentate postmedial line, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique, some whitish points bej'ond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by some whitish scales with a brownish tinge before them, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing yellowish BIDERIDI8. 443 white, more or less scrongly tinged with brown, especially on terminal area, the termen slightly tinged with rufous ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated and suffused with red, traces of a curved postmedial line. Hah. Canada, Alberta, Calgary ( TF"oZ%-Z)ocZ), 1 ?; U.S.A., N.E. and Middle States, New York, Albany {Bailey), 2 (5,3 $ , type vindemiaUs, Grote. Ea^p. 42 millim. This may be a variety of congermana. Larva. Head brown, reticulate and banded with darker brown. Body sordid pale brown, finely and densely dusted with brown- black, leaving a distinct dorsal and broad paler substigmatal band of the ground-colour. Cervical shield shiuing brown, a central pale yellow line, the lateral corners luteous. Feet coloured like the body.— H. G. D. 1784. Sideridis caBsia. Kodua ccBsia, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 82 (177()) ; Bork. Eur. Schmett. iv. p. 279 (1792) ; Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 60 ; Dup. Lup. Fr. vi. p. 415, pi. 98. f. 6 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. If52. l:\octua dichroma, Esp. Schmett. iv. p. 519, pi. 155. f. 2 (1790). Dianthcecia mmianii, Gregson, Entom. iii. p. 103 (1866). Biantlmcia doubledayi. Mill. Nat. Sic. vi. p. 2 (18S(i). Dianthcecia, nigresccns, Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 162 (1902). Dianthcecia clara, Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 162 (1902). Head and thorax bluish grey mixed with fuscous ; tarsi black with whitish rings ; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing blue-grey thickly irrorated with fuscous, the ante- and postmedial areas suffused with fuscous ; the discal and submedian folds suffused with fulvous yellow ; subbasal line waved, from costa to submedian fold ; ante- medial line oblique, waved, defined by whitish on inner side ; clavi- form absent ; orbicular and reniform with indistinct yellow annuli, the former rounded ; an indistinct curved medial line, waved on inner area ; postmedial line dentate and produced to grey points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line whitish, with more or less distinct dentate yellowish marks on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and obscurely dentate at veins 4 and 3 ; cilia chequered ochreous whitish and fuscous. Hind wing fuscous brown, rather paler on basal and inner areas ; the cilia whitish, with a dark line near base ; the underside grey irrorated with brown, a curved postmedial line, the area beyond it suffused with fuscous. Ab. 1. manani. Much darker, and the fore wing more uniform in colour. — Isle of Man. Ab. 2. nifjrescens. Much darker; fore wing suffused with black. — Higher Pyrenees, Alps, and Scandinavian mountains. Ab. 3. clara. Fore wing greyer, slightly irrorated with pinkish ; the medial area whitish. — Armenia, Asia Minor. Hah. Britain, Isle of Man {Douhleclay), Leech Coll., Ireland ; France, Pyrenees, Gavarnie (Mrs. Nicholl) ; Austria, Zeller Coll. ; HtTNGARY ; SwiTZEELANP, ZcUcr and Froy Colls. ; Spain, Granada ; 444 NOCTUID^. Italy ; Scandiitavia, Dovrefjeld ; Armenia ; Asia Minob, Pontus, Taurus. Exp. 40-44 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 78 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 256, pi. 165. f. 1. Pale brownish ochreous irrorated with brown ; a dorsal series of darker V-shaped marks, indistinct on thoracic somites ; subdorsal line darker ; head brown with dark markings. Food-plants : seed- capsules of Silene inflata and S. marithna. 7-8, 1785. Sideridis eximia. Diantkoecia eximia, Staud. Iris, viii. p. 319, pi. 6. f. 7 (1895) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 161. c? . Head and thorax white with some brown hair ; palpi pale red-brown ; frons with brown bar above ; tegulse with diffused brown medial line ; abdomen pale yellow-brown mixed with grey. Fore wing white, with a slight violaceous tinge and irrorated with brown ; subbasal line represented by a black striga from costa and a curved black mark below the cell, retracted to base and followed by a prominent triangular spot ; antemedial line double, the outer strong, curved and slightly waved, with slight brown shading on inner side and more prominent shading on outer; claviform brown, with its extremity defined by black ; orbicular and reniform large, white with brown centres and defined by brown, the former oblique elliptical ; medial line oblique from costa to below cell, then dentate and inwardly oblique, the area between it and postmedial line suffused with brown ; postmedial line double, very slightly waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then very oblique, the area beyond it tinged with brown to the subterminal line, which has minute dentate black marks before it below costa and at middle, is excurved between veins 7 and 2, and defined by white on outer side ; cilia pale brown. Hind wing pale, suffused with fuscous especially towards termen and with an ochreous tinge at base ; cilia pale brown, white at tips ; the underside pale thickly irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal lunule, curved postmedial line, and traces of subterminal band. Hab. Tibet, Kuku-noor, 1 c? , Amdo ; Punjab, Kulu (Diidf/eon), 1 cS . Exp. 34 millim. Genus PHYSETICA. Type. Physetica, Meyr. Trans. N.Z. Inst. xix. p. 5 (1887) ccerulea. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi oblique, fringed with hair in front, the 3rd joint greatly dilated in male, with a small orifice on outer side near extremity ; frons smooth; eyes large, rounded; antennae of male ciliated; head and thorax clothed with hair only and without crests ; fore tarsi with long curved claw on outer side of 1st joint ; pectus clothed with long hair ; abdomen with dorsal crest on basal segment. Fore wing with the apex somewhat produced and the termeu obliquely curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 0, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. PHTSETTCA. 445 A. Fore wing blue-grey cmrulea,^ B. Fore wing purplish red, tlie hind wing purplish pink vindetnialis. C. Fore wing rufous, the hind wing reddish ochreous micrasta. 1786. Physetica caerulea. Agrofis cmrnlca, Guen. Ent. Mo. Mag. v. p. 38 (1868); Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 8, pi. iv. f. 7. S . Head and thorax blue-grey irrorated with whitish ; palpi below, pectus, legs, and abdomen ochreous yellow, the dorsal crest grey. Fore wing blue-grey irrorated with whitish ; subbasal line indistinct, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial line indistinct, double, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; faint traces of orbicular and reniform stigmata defined by white ; an indistinct medial shade ; postmedial line Fig. 123. — Fhysctica ccerulea, S. \. indistinct, double, dentate and produced to white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; traces of a whitish subterminal line slightly defined by fuscous on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing fuscous, the basal and inner areas yellowish ; under- side yellowish white. 2 . With less of the yellow tinge. Hab. New Zealand, (./. J. Wall-er) 1 S , 1 $ , Marlborough (Shellon, Mnrsden, Maiheiv), 2 cJ , 1 $ , jST. Island, Wellington, S. Island, Blenheim, Rakaia. Exp. 44 millim. 1787. Physetica vindemialis. (Plate XCI. fig. 2.) Ceramica vindeinialis, Guen. Noct. i. p. 344 (1852) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 205. 2 . Head and thorax purple-red, the hairs slightly tipped with grey (abdomen wanting). Fore wing purple-red, very slightly irrorated with grey ; subbasal line obsolete ; faint traces of a curved greyish antemedial line ; orbicular obsolete ; reniform repre- sented by traces of a discoidal lunule and fuscous spot at lower angle of cell ; traces of a dentate postmedial lino, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, tlien incurved ; faint traces of a subterminal line. Hind wing purplish pink, the cilia pale ; the underside white thickly irrorated with purplish pink. 446 NociuiD^. Fore tarsi with long curved claws on outer side of 1st three joints, the claws at extremity of joints stout. Hab. ? U.S.A., E. Florida (Doiibleday), 1 $ type. Exp. 42 millim. The type has the abdomen of a male of some other species stuck onto it, and will probably prove to bo from New Zealand. *1788. Physetica micrasta. (Plate XCI. fig. 3.) Leucania micrasta, Meyr. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1897, p. 383 ; Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 12, pi. iv. f. 10. 2 . Head and thorax bright rufous, the hairs tipped with white; abdomen pale rufous. Fore wing bright rufous ; the costal area slightly irrorated with whitish ; the veins slightly streaked with fuscous and irrorated with white ; an antemedial fuscous point on vein 1, defined by white points on each side of it ; a fuscous point at lower angle of cell with white point on each side of it ; a curved postmedial series of slight fuscous points defined by white points. Hind wing reddish ochreous suffused with brown ; cilia ochreous with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish tinged and irrorated with rufous. Hab. New Zealand, "Wellington, type t in Coll. Meyrick, Karori. Exp. 46 millim. Genus CERAMICA. Type. Ceramica, Guen. Noct. i. p. 343 (1852) picta. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi short, obliquely upturned, the 2nd joint fringed with hair, the 3rd short ; eyes large, rounded ; antennte of male ciliated ; head and thorax clothed with rough hair only and without distinct crests ; tibiae fringed with hair on outer side ; abdomen with dorsal crest on basal segment and slight lateral tufts of hair towards extremity. Fore wing with the apex produced and acute ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell, 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from below middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 1789. Ceramica picta. Mamrsfra picfa, Harr. Eep. Ins. Mass. p. 329 (1841); Riley, 2nd Rep. Ins. Mo. p. 112, f. 82 ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 120. Ceramica exusta, Guen. Noct. i. p. 344 (1852). Mythimna contraria, Wlk. ix. 78 (1S56). Head and thorax dark chocolate-brown, some of the hairs tipped with white, especially on dorsal ridge ; pectus brown and grey ; abdomen grey-brown, the extremity and ventral surface tinged with purplish. Fore wing purplish red, suffused with deep purple- brown, especially on costal half and terminal area, the costal half irrorated with white to just below cell ; claviform a small dark mark, sometimes with white scales at centre and with a diflfused yellowish streak beyond it; orbicular a small indistinct whitish annulus ; reniform rather indistinct, fuscous with whitish centre CF.EAMICA. BRITHY3. 447 and annulus, somewhat angled inwards on median nervure, and with a diffused yellowish streak beyond it ; traces of a whitish subterrainal line angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle. Hind wing almost pure white, the veins tinged with brown ; the Fig. 124. — Ccramica pida, J. \. cilia reddish brown on apical half; the underside with small brown discoidal spot, the costal area irrorated "with rufous extending on termen to vein 3. Hah. Canada {Norman), 1 $ ; U.S.A., E. States, 6 d" , 1 $ type and type contraria, Massachusetts, Cambridge {Boll), 1 c? , Kew York, New Jersey, Wisconsin, Virginia, Nebraska, Colorado. Exp.^ fS 36, $ 40 millim. Larva. Head dark red. Body black, with broad yellow subdorsal and stigmatal bands, the dorsal space dotted with yellow, lateral space crossed by fine vertical yellow lines, slightly reticulated ; subventral area with irregular yellow lines in a broken reticulation. Feet and venter dark red. — H. G. D. • Genus BRITHYS. Tjpe. Brithys, Hubn. Verz. p. 226 (1827) encausia. Cocyiia,, Treit. Schmett. Eur. x. 2, p. 29 (1834), nee Boisd. Lep. (1829) pancraiii. Glottula, Guen. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. yi. p. 359 (1837) pancraiii. Proboscis weak ; palpi obliquely porrect, tbickly scaled ; frons smooth ; eyes large, rounded; antennae of male ciliated; head and thorax clothed chiefly with scales and without distinct crests; abdomen with dorfal ci'cst at base only. Fore wing with the apex rounded, the termen obliquely curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the arcole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell or shortly stalked ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. A. Fore wing with the ground-colour reddish brown. a. Fore wing with the basal area brown suffused with fuscous, pancrati. I). Fore wing with the biisal area silky leaden grey crini. B. Fore wing white tinged with ilesh-colour cncansta. 1790, Brithys pancratii. Noctua pancraHi, Cyr. Ent. Nap. pi. 12. f. 4 (1787); Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 391; Godt. Lep. Fr. v. p. 262, pi. 70. ff. 1, 2; Mill. Icones, pi. 54. fr. 6, 9 ; Staud. Gat. Lep. pal. p. 154. Head and thorax dark brown or blackish ; tarsi ringed with 448 NOCTUID^. white ; abdomen white, dorsally tinged with brown or black at base and extremity, the ventral surface brown. Fore wing reddish brown, the basal and costal areas suffused with fuscous brown or blackish ; subbasal line represented by some black scales below costa and cell ; antemedial line indistinct, waved, interrupted, oblique towards costa ; claviform small, indistinctly defined by black ; orbicular absent ; reniform narrow, with rufous centre and whitish annulus ; postmedial line rather ill-defined, minutely dentate and produced to short streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 6, then oblique, some pale points beyond it on costa, the area beyond it more or less distinctly paler, except towards costa before the subterminal line, which is formed of a series of indistinct pale spots defined on inner side by somewhat dentate rufous marks, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pure white, the costal area tinged with fuscous and in female the terminal area to vein 2. Hah. S. Fkance, Zeller and Leech Colls. ; Portugal ; Italy, Frey Coll. ; Algeria, Leech Coll. ; Nigeria, Sapele (Sampson), 1 5 ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall), 1 § ; Natal, Durban (Leigh), 1 2 ; Cape Colony, Grahamstown, 1 $ ; Mauritius, Curepipe (Tulloch), 1 d , 1 $ . Exj). 38-46 millim. Larva. Head, front of 1st somite, and legs yellow ; the rest brown, with dorsal and subdorsal series of yellowish-white spots, small at anterior edges of somites and large at posterior edges ; a subdorsal series of white points on middle of abdominal somites ; broad lateral and ventral yellowish-white bands, each on part of two somites ; warts brown, each with one hair, wart vi. on somites 5 to 9 placed on white spots. Foot-plants : Liliaceoi. 1791. Brithys crini. NocUia crini, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 587 (1775). h'ociua dominica, Oram. Pap. Exot. iv. p. 238, pi. 399. f. H (1782); Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii. p. 14, pi. 145. ff. 2, 2 a ; Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 167. Head and thorax blackish ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen whitish, more or less strongly tinged with fuscous, the ventral surface fuscous. Fore wing dark leaden grey ; the subbasal line represented by a black striga below costa ; the antemedial line irregularly waved, oblique towards costa, then closely approximated to the reniform ; claviform and orbicular absent ; reniform small, greyish with rufous annulus ; postmedial line somewhat dentate and produced to short streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa, and below vein 3 bent inwards to lower edge of reniform, then approximated to antemedial line, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line represented by a series of pale spots defined on inner side by a scries of somewhat dentate rufous marks, UBITHYS. 449 the area before it pale rufous except towards costa, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black (From Moths lud. vol. ii.) lunules. Hind wing pure white, the costal area tinged with fuscous and in female the terminal area also. Hah. Punjab, Allahabad; Ceylon {Templeton) , 2 c? , 1 5 » Trincomalee {Yerhiiry), 1 S ; Burma, Moulmein {Cleric), 1 $ ; SiNGAPOiiE {liidleij), 1 5 ; Java (Norsjield), 5 cj" , 3 § . Eu,-p. 32-46 millim. Larva. Head, first and last, somite, and legs j'ellow ; the rest brown, with dorsal and subdorsal series of yellowish-white spots, those on posterior edge of somites rather smaller ; somite 4 without anterior spots and 5 with the dorsal spot only ; subdorsal Avhito points on somites 4 to 8 ; lateral and ventral bands each on part of two somites ; wart vi. on somites 4-8 on white spots. Food-plants, Liliacea'. 1792. Brithys encausta. Nochia encausta, Hi'ibu. Samml. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 392 (1827); Dup. L6p. Fr. vi. p. 78, pi. 86. f. 3 ; Herr.-Scliaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 291 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 154. Head and thorax fle.sh-white ; tcgulae with black medial line ; prothorax with black patch ; abdomen white, flesh-coloured below. Fore wing white tinged with tlesh-colour, leaving the costal area from before middle whiter; antemedial line indistinct, waved, often nearl}' ob.soleti% oblique from costa to below cell ; claviform some- times slightly defined by black ; orbicular lepresented by a black streak, or obsolete ; reniform narrow, defined by blacli ; postmedial line dentate and produced to black points on the veins, bent out- wards below costa and incurved below vein 4; subterminal line fuscous, obsolete towards costa, the area before it yellowish except towards costa, angled outwards at veiu 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing pure white ; female with the costal area tinged with fuscous, a dark terminal line except towards torniis; the underside sometimes with sinuous postmedial line on costal half of wing. IJah. Italy, La Spezia ; Sicii.r, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; Ionian Is. ; Greece, 1 $ . Exp. 38-44 millim. Vol. v. 2 q 450 Nocrrin.i;. Genus ASPIDIFRONTIA. Tvpp. Aspidifi-ontia, Hmpsn. Ann. S. Afr. Miis. ii. p. 26'J (1902) semipaUida. Proboscis wealc ; palpi short, oblique, fringed with hair in front ; frons with large disk-shaped corneous prduiinence nith raised rim and truncate conical centre ; eyes large, round ; autennaj of male ciliated ; head and tliorax clotiied with hair and hair-like scales with some scales mixed, without distinct crests; abdomen with dorsal crest at base. Fore wing with -reins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; '.) from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole : 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins ?>, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. A. Fore wing with the subterminal line interrupted by dentate white marks on veins 6, 4, 3, 1 radiata. B. Foi-e wing with the subterminal line not interrupted by dentate white marks. a. Fore wing with the area below cell blackish semipaUida. b. Fore wing with the area below c(^ll not blackish. a}. Fore wing with the antemedial line dentate. a^. Fore wing with the antemedial line very strongly angled outwards in submedian fold ; clavifor)n absent glaucescens. h'^. F'ore wing with the antemedial line moderately angled outwards in' submedian fold ; claviform p resent axylid.es. //. Fore wing with the antemedial line not dentate rufesccns. 1793. Aspidifrontia radiata, n. sp. (Plate XCI. fig. 4.) Head and thorax pale rufous mixed with blaok ; palpi and frons blackish ; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing ochreous, the veins streaked with black ; the area below submedian fold sulfuscd with grey, extending to below vein 1 at middle, the lower part of cell and area between veins 4 and 5 suffused with grey; the submedian fold with black streak, another above inner margin ; the ante- medial line represented by an oblique black striga from submedian fold to vein 1 ; claviform very elongate and narrow, its upper edge formed by the streaks in submedian fold ; orbicular long and lancecdate, ochreous defined by black, placed on a black streak extending to the reiiiform which is narrow, its upper edge produced and indented, with brown centre with ochreous line in it and ochreous anriulus defined by black ; faint traces of a dentate post- medial line between veins 5 and 3 ; subterminal line represented by a series of ochreous points on dentate black marks, longest below costa and at middle ; veins 6, 4, 3, 1 defined by dentate whitish marks ; cilia chequered fuscous and ochreous. Hind wing ochreous white, the terminal area tinged Avith fuscous ; the underside with the costal area suffused with fuscous. Hah, Br. E. Africa, Kikuyu {Craioshay\ 1 $ type, Kibauni (Craioshay), 4 J • ^>-^7>- 30 millim. ASPIDIFRONTI.V. 451 1794, Aspidifrontia semipallida. Aspidifroiitia semipcdlida^ Hinpsn. Aun. S. Afr. Mus. ii. p. 269 (1902). Head and thorax black ; antenna) ochreous white ; tarsi ringed with ochreous ; abdomen ochreous white, the ventral surfaco black. Fore wing black suffused with leaden grey, especially towards inner margin ; the costal area ochreous white, suffused with purplish pink towards eosta and with black patch with three pale points on it on costa before apex, on basal area the palo colour extends to just y Fig. 12l5. — Aspidifrontia s.cmipaUida, cS . \. below the cell, on medial area to median nervure, and on post- medial area to vein 5 and includes a black point at lower angle of cell ; an oblique dentate postmedial line, obsoleto on costal area, with the area beyond it tinged with rufous to tlie indistinct whitish subterminal line, which is bent outwards to apex and excurved at middle; a terminal series of black and white points. Hind wing yellowish white, the apex slightly tinged with fuscous. Hah. Mashonaland, Umtali (Marshall, Dobbie), 2 J' , 2 5, type. Kr/). 34 millim. 1795, Aspidifrontia glaucescens, n. sp, (Plate XCI. fig. 5.) c^" . Head and thorax black mixed with grey ; tarsi with white rings ; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing violaceous grey-white ; some red-brown suffusion on basal inner area ; the antemedial line black, extremely highly dentate, its teeth running out to middle of wing below costa, in cell, in submedian interspace and above inner margin, and to base below costa and cell, double from median nervure to inner margin ; reniform obscurely defined by rufous and with rufous centre; postmedial line double, black, minutely dentate and produced to points on the veins, oblique from costa to discal fold where it is angled, then inwardly oblique ; the costa tinged with fuscous towards apex; the subterminal lino whitish, defined by rufous on inner side, the area beyond it blackish, rufous at apex; a series of minute white points just before termen ; cilia black, with fine white line through them. Hind wing pure white. IJab. Masuonaland, Salisbury (Marshall, Dobbie), 4 cJ , type. Exp. 34 miUim. 2o2 452 K0CTFII).T5. 1796. Aspidifrontia axylides. (Plate XCI. fig. 6.) Hadcna axylides, Huipsn. Journ. Buiiib. Soc. Xat. Hist. xiv. p. 198 (1902). 9 . Head and thorax fuscous brown mixed with grey ; tarsi "with pale rings ; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing lilacine grej'- wliite, the costal area beyond antemedial line and the area beyond postmedial line ochreous, the costal and terminal areas suffused ^vith brown except at apex ; the basal area below the cell suffused ■with purple-brown ; the subbasal line represented by a black striga from costa ; the antemedial line angled outwards below costa and cell and above inner mrrgin, emitting long teeth in coll and on median nervure to near end of cell ; claviform small, defined or filled in with brown ; orbicular obsolete ; reniform narrow, with whitish centre defined by brown and ochreous annulus defined by black on onter side, some dark brown between its lower part and postmedial line, which is double, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line minutely waved, defined by brown on inner side, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of pale points ; cilia ochreous and brown. Hind wing white. Hah. SiKHiM, 1800 feet {Dadgeon), 1 5 ; Madras, Belgaum {Watson), 1 5 type. Exp. 30 millim. 1797. Aspidifrontia rufescens. (Plate XCI. fig. 7.) Asjndifrontia mjhce/is, Hmpsn. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. ii. p. 270 (1902). Head and thorax whitish tinged with purplish pink and brown ; palpi and frons blackish; abdomen oclireuus white. Fore wing ochreous white thickly irrorated with purplish red ; the veins irrorated with black ;,traces of an antemedial line ; a dark point in end of cell ; postmedial line represented by an obscure double series of white points on the veins, excurved below costa, then oblique ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing yellowish white, the terminal area suft'used with brown ; the underside with the costal area tinged with purplish and irrorated wdth brown. Frontal process long. Hab. Mashojstaland (Jlarshall, Dohhie), 2 c? , 3 5? Umtali {Marshall), 1 $ type. Exp. 34 millim. Genus METOPIORA. Type. Metopiora, Mej'r. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1902, p. 25 sanguinata. Proboscis minute; palpi oblique, short, slender; frons with large disc- shaped corneous prouiineuce with raised edges and central truncate conical process also with raised edges, a corneous plate below the frons ; eyes large, rounded; anteunte of male minutely serrate; head and thorax clothed wilh hair only and without cre»ts; lore tarsi with the joints very short, the claws large ; abdomen without crests. Fore wing with the a.\)es. somewhat produced. MElOnOKA. BIAPHONE. 45S the termen obliquely curved ; veins 3 arul 5 from near angle of eell ; 6 from u]iper angle ; 9 from 10 anasloino.sing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell or stalked ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the eel near base t>nly. ITUS. Metopiora sangxiinata. Chariclea sanguluata, Lucas, Proc. Liim. Soe. N. S. W. 1892, p. 254. 2 . Head pink ; thorax orange-yellow, tcguloe at extremities and patagia pink ; legs mostly pink ; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing orange-yellow ; a pink fascia from base at vein 1, running below the cell, then rather obliquely to termeii at vein 5, narrowing Fig. 127. — Metopiora samjiiinaf a, (J. \. beyond the cell, then expanding at termen ; the costal edge pink, expanding into a fascia from beyond middle to apex ; cilia pink, expanding into a spot on termen above tornus. Hind wing white Ilah. QxTEEiNSLAND, Cape York (AIcFarlane), 1 $ , Townsville (Dodd), 1 2 . Exp. 34 millim. Genus DIAPHONE. Type. Diriphone, Hiibn. Verz. p. 188 (1827) eumda. TcEniopijga, Wilgru. OCfv. Vet.-Akad. Forh. xv. p. 212 (1858)... eumela Proboscis weak ; palpi short, porrect, clothed with hair; frons with large rounded prominence with lateral walls and roughened or convoluted centre ; eyes large, rounded ; antennas of male serrate and ciliated ; head and thorax clothed with hair only and without distinct cresis; fore tarsi with the joints short, the ungues large; abdon)en with some long hair at b.ise, but without dorsal crest. Fore wing with the apex rounded, the ternieu, obliquely curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10, auastuniosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; C, 7 shortly stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 1799. Diaphone eumela. yoctua eumda, Stoll, Pap. Exot. iv. pi. 347. f. G (1781) ; Kirby, Cat. Lep. Het. )j. 909. Bumhtjx cleganx, Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii. p. 116 (1787). Noclua sylviana, Stoll, Pap. Exot. v. Suppl. pi. 40. f. 4 (1790). Chdonia evidens, Guer. Icon. R. Anim., Ins. p. 613, pi. 88. f. J (1829). Diaphone /nossambicensis, Hopfl". Peters'sReise Moss., Zool. v. p. -131, pi. 28. ff. fi, 7 (1862) Diaphone angolensis, Weym. Ent. Zeit. Guben, no. 18, p. 67 (1901). cJ . Head blackish ; palpi below and at tips, spots on sides of frons, 454 NOCTUIDJE. round base of antennse, and on back of head orange ; thorax grey, the base of tegiila; and patagia white ; pro-, meso-, and mttathorax with paired yellow spots ; pectus and legs black, the latter banded with orange; abdomen fuscous with orange bands, the hair at base grey or whitish. Pore wing grey ; the costal area and cell whitish to near apex, before the antemedial line extending to vein 1 ; the lines slTong, black ; subbasal and antemedial lines sinuous, the former from costa to vein 1 , the latter slightly angled inwards in ¥ig. VIS. — Diaphone eumela, (J. \. cell ; claviform and orbicular absent ; reniform a crimson lunule, defined by black at sides ; postmedial line angled outwards between veins 6 and 5, then incurved, defined by white on outer side ; no sublerminal line ; cilia chequered orange and fuscous. Hind wing pure white, sometimes with curved postmedial line ; the underside always with postmedial mark on costa. 2 . Hind wing suffused with fuscous, the base often whitish ; cilia chequered fuscous and white ; a sinuous postmedial line showing through from underside. Ab. 1. mossamhicensis. Antennse of male strongly serrate; fore wing with the crimson centre of reniform largo and rounded. JIab. C. Africa, Staz Gadda (Emin Pasha), 1 $ ; Poktuguese E. Africa, Chiperoni {Kirhy), 1 S ; Angola ; Transvaal, Piet lletief ( CraivsJiu)/), 1 $ ; Natal, Newcastle, 1 . 34 millim. 456 . NocruiD-ic. Genus POLYTELA. Type. Polyiela, Guen. Noct. i. p. 113 (1852) gloriosm. Proboscis rather slight, non-functional ; palpi short, porrect, thickly clothed with hair ; frons with rounded prominence with corneous plate below it ; eyes large, rounded ; antennaj of male ciliated ; bead and thorax clothed with hair only and without distinct crests ; abdomen with some rough hair at base, but without crests. Fore wing witli the apex rounded, tlie ternien obliquely curved ; veins 3 and 5 fi'om near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 i'rom angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle or shortly stalked ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. K. Fore wing pale pink orlentalis. B. Fore wing blue-black. a. Fore wing with apical yellow patch. a^. Hind wing with the cilia yellow gloriosm. b^. Hind wing with the cilia black florigera. b. Fore wing without apical yellow patch chrgsospila. 1801. Polytela orientalis. (Plate XCI. fig. 8.) Glottula orientalis, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 168 (1894). S . Head and thorax black ; palpi below at base, basal joint of antenuoe, patagia in front, and paired spots on pro-, meso-, and metathorax orange ; tibioB and tarsi banded with orange ; abdomen fuscous black. Pore wing pale pink ; a black patch with orange point on it at base ; subbasal line represented by black strijie from costa and cell ; antemedial line oblique, waved, interrupted at veins, some black before it on costa ; claviform absent ; orbicular a black point ; reniform black, with ciimson centre and black patch just before it on costa ; postmcdial line repre^euted by a point on costa and an incurved waved portion from vein 3 to inner margin ; subterminal line black, waved, more or less interrupted, expanding into a patch at costa with a yellow point on it, exourved from costa to vein 4, then incurved, more or less connected with some black spots on termen ; a black terminal line ; cilia chequered black and orange. Hind wing pinkish white ; the underside with discoidal point. $ . Fore wing with some black on base of inner margin and a larger antemedial patch on costa ; orbicular absent ; traces of tbe medial part of postmedial line, the black on terminal area more extensive ; cilia with less orange ; hind wing fuscous, with a whitish patch in, below, and beyond lower part of cell ; cilia chequered fuscous and yellowish. Hub. Aden (Terbury), 2 J; ? Nilgiris (Swlnhoe), 1 $ type. Exp. 38 millim. Larva. On Pancratium tortuosum. roLVTELA. 457 1 802. Polytela gloriosae. Bo)nhi/x gluriogce, F;ihr. Sp. Ins. ii. p. 205 (1781); Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii. p. 13, pi. 145. ff. 1, la ; Hiiipsn. Moths Iiid. ii. p. 168. Head and thorax blue -black ; palpi at base, basal joint of antennae and a ])atch behind them, and paired spots on meso- and mctatliorax orange ; tibiae and tarsi banded with orange ; abdomen black, with the terminal segment orange. Fore wing black suffused with leaden grej^ ; an orange point at base ; subbasal line double, black filled in with orar.ge, waved, from costa to vein 1, an orange point bej'ond it in cell ; black spots surrounded with crimson above and below vein 1 before the anteuiedial line, which is double, filled in with orange, waved ; claviform more or less developed, black ; orbi- cular small, round, yellowish defined by black, sometimes with dark centre ; a waved medial line oblique from costa to below cell, where it is angled; renit'orm with crimson centre and yellowish annulus defined by black, open below and with the ground-colour extending Fig. \2>(i.~Polijtela gloriu^e, ^ . \. (From Motlis Incl. vol. ii.) into it ; postmedial line double, black more or less filled in with yellowish and with orange at costa, waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some orange points bej'ond it on costa ; an orange and yellowish apical patch, the sub- terminal line arising from it, consisting of yellowish lunulate marks on black patches defined on inner side by ci'imson semicircular marks, somewhat dentate at veins 4 and 3 and ex] anding into a yellowish patch at tornus ; a terminal series of small black spots often with yellowish marks on their inner side ; cilia chequered black and orange. Hind wing fuscous ; the cilia orange ; the underside rather paler, with traces of discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. PuNJ.UJ (I/orsJlehl, Home), 4 c?, o 5, Manpuri, 2 $, Jubbulpur (ButJer), 1 5 ; (janjam, 1 $ ; Eojibay (Leith), 1 c? ; Caxara (Ward), 2 $; Madras, Belgaum (Watson), 1 c? , Calicut (Frlloirs- Wilson), 1 $ ; Ceylon (TeynpUton, Orecn), 2 d" , 3 $ , Trincomali (Yerbvrii), 1 $ . Exp. 28-42 millim. Larva. Purplish ])rown irrorated with silvery blue ; head orango- red ; a dorsal orange patch on 1st somite and subdorsal patches on 2nd and ;3rd, 10th, 11th, 12th, with black spots on them ; a dorsal series of yellow spots on posterior part of somites except 1, somites 8 to 10 with smaller anterior spots ; a subdorsal series of orange 458 xocTuiD.i:. spots ; a lateral seiies of yellow spots anterior and posterior except on thoracic somites, where they are posterior only. Food-plants: Gloriosa superha and Aiuai'f/llls. 1803. Polytela florigera. (Plate XCI. fig. U.) Tolytela florigera, Guen. Noct. i. p. 114 (1852); Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 169. Polytela inclyta, Wlk. Char. Undescr. Het. p. 27 (1869). Head and thorax blue-black ; metathorax with pair of orange spots ; abdomen black, the terminal segment orange. Fore wing black suffused with leaden purple ; subbasal line double, black filled in with ochreous, waved, from costa to vein 1, black patches defined by reddish beyond it above and below vein 1 ; antemedial line double, black filled in with ochreous, oblique, waved ; claviform a small black patch ; orbicular and reniforra with reddish centres and ochreous annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter tigure-of-8 shaped ; a waved black medial line oblique from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line double, black filled in with ochreous, waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some yellow points beyond it on costa ; a yellow apical patch, the subterminal line arising from it consisting of ochreous lunules on dentate black marks defined on inner side by reddish sutt'tision ; a terminal series of black lunules ; cilia black, with a series of orange points at base. Hind wing fuscous black. [fah. BoMUAY, Canara ( Ward), 5 $ , type indi/ta ; Madras (Elliot), 1 J, Belgaum (Watson), 1 $ , Bangalore (Watson), 3 $ . E.rj). 28-32 millim. 1804. Polytela chrysospila. Polytela chryso^pila, Wlk. xxxii. 635 (1865) ; Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 101. f. 15; Hiiipsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 169. Head and thorax blue-black ; mesothorax with orange patch ; abdomen black, the terminal segment orange. Fore wing black suffused with leaden blue, leaving the lines black and ill-defined ; the subbasal and antemedial lines connected by streaks on costa, below cell, and on inner margin ; reniform a lunulate or somewhat quadrate yellow spot ; postmedial lino excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved. Hind wing fuscous black. Hah. Burma, Karen Hills, Thayetmyo ( Watson), 1 $ ; Java (Horsjielcl), 2 •()(■ lUIDJC. 1 5 ,Iiio Ni'gro, Manuos (Trumhill), 1 J, Sao Paulo (Jones), 1 J. E.rp. 42-56 millim. Larva. Ked-brown ; the head, 1st and terminal somites, and prolegs orange ; mandibles and two spots on each hemisphere brown; M'arts dark brown, vi. surrounded by a yellow ring; somites 2-10 with numerous small yellow spots, the series afc back of each somite lare;er, 11 with some slight yellow marks; anal shield edged with black ; legs and prolegs black at tips ; each Avart with one hair. Genus ADAPH^NURA, nov. Type, A. mimiscula. Pi-oboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned, the 3rd joint rather long aud dilated at extremity; frons smooth ; eyes large, rounded ; antenna; of female (Mliated ; head and thorax clothed witii rough liair and without crests ; tibia; fringed with rough hair ; abdomen clothed with rougli hair, with bisal and (?) a dorsal series of crests. Fore wing with the apex rounded and the ternien obliquely curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; B from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; II from cell. Hnid wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from ndddle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 1806. Adapliaenura minuscula. Baphanura mhiiiscula, Butl. Cist. Eut. iii. p. 3 (1882) ; Kirby, Cat. Het. p. 204. 2 . Head black ; thorax crimson, the pectus and legs black ; abdomen black, the last three segments crimson above and at sides. Fore wing fuscous suffused with deep sap-green and with narrow orange-yellow bands ; a subbisal band from costa to sub- median fold ; a somewhat sinuous antemedial band ; two medial Fig. 132. — Adaphcenura luhtiiscula, J. \. bands, the outer with spot bej-ond it beyond discocellulars ; a post- medial band excurved from costa to vein 4, then obli(iue ; a curved subterminal band. Hind wing orange-yellow : the costal area black and some black scales on inner area ; a discoidal sjjot and a terminal baud expanding somewhat towards apex. Hah. Madagascar, Eetsileo {Cowan), 1 $ type in very bad con- dition. Exp. 32 millim. I'Axor.is. 461 Genus PANOLIS. ^ Type. TanoUs, Hiibn. Verz> p. 214 (1827) flammea. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi sborf, ]ion-eet, clothed with long bair ; frons smooth ; eyes small, reniform, not ciHated ; antennse of male serrate and fasciculate ; head and thorax clothed with iiair ouly and without distinct crests; tibiie fringed with long hair; abdomen clothed with rough hair, with dorsal crest at b:ise and lateral fringes of hair. Fore wing with the apex rounded, the teruien obliquely curved ; veins '6 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 'J from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins o, 4 from angle ot cell ; o obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 shortly stalked or froiu angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. 1807. Paiiolis flammea. Noctua flammea, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 87 (1776); Hiibn. Eur. Schmett. f. 476. Kociiia griscovariegata, Goeze, Beitr. iv. p. 2.50 (1781); Staud. Cat. Lap. pal. p. 202. Noctua piniperda, Loschge, Naturf. xxi. p. 27, pi. ii. (1785) ; Panz. Kob. pi. 1. ff. 11, 12 (1786); Esp. Schmett. iv. pi. 125. ff. 1-6; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 486, pi. 100. ff. 2, 3; Steph. HI. Brit. Ent., Hanst. iii. p. 19. Noctua telifera, Payk. Vet.-Akad. Stock, xlviii. p. 60, pl. 2. ff. 2, 3 (1786). Bombijx fprda, Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii. p. 124 (1787); Curt. Brit. Ent. v. pl.'ll7. Noctua pini, Vill. Ent. ii. p. 278 (1789). Noctua ochrolcuca, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 91 (1827). Head and thorax rufous more or less mixed with white ; the tegulte and patagia edged with white ; tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen brown, more or less grey towards base. Fore wing bright V\g. \o^ —Panoli>!flaih7nca, S. \. or deep rufous, more or less strongly suffused with grey or white ; the veins white and brown ; subbasal lino represented by slight white marks below costa and in cell ; antemedial line indistinct ; oblicjue, waved, rufous dchncd by white on inner side ; claviforra with its extremity indicated by a white and brown point ; orbicular and reniform white, often with pale rufous centres, the former small, more or less elongate elliptical, and often with its lower edge produced to a streak on median nervure, sometimes connected with the reniform, which is large and has its upper angle produced ; postmedial line defined by white on outer side, dentate, bent out- wards below costa, excurvcd to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line represented by a series of more or less indistinct dentate rufous marks, angled outwards below veins 7 and 4 to tornus, the area beyond it sometimes whitish with dark streaks on the extremity of veins ; cilia rufous intersected with wliite. Hind M'ing fuscous 462 NOCTUTD.Ti:. brown, the cilia white at tips ; the underside whitish suffused with rufous, a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line with slight dark streaks at the veins. Ilah. Britain, Forres (Sahar/e), England, Leech Col). ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; Switzerland ; Spain, Catalonia ; N. Italy ; S.W. IIussia ; Japan (Pryer), 1 $ . Kvp. 32-42 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. TG ; Earrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 183, pi. 200. f. 2. Varying from deep green to pale brown with scattered black dots ; dorsal lino Avhite ; subdorsal line white, sometimes double, black-edged ; spiracular line white, edged below with orange or yellow ; head brownish. Food-plant, Finns sylvestris. 6-7. Genus CERAPTERYX. Type. Cerapteryx, Curt. Brit. Ent. v. p. 451 (1833) gmminis. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi short, oblique, the 2nd joint fringed with hair in front ; irons smooth ; antennse of male bipectinate, with moderate branches to apex ; head and thorax clothed with hair only and without distinct crests • abdomen with dorsal crest on basal segment and lateral tufts of hair. Fore wino' short, the apex truncate, the termen obliquely curved; veins 3 and 6 from near angle of cell ; fi from upper anglo ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. A. Head and tegula; reddish or olive-brown graminis. B. Head and tegula3 white albiceps. 1808. Cerapteryx graminis. Bombyx gi-aviinis, Linn. Syst. Nat. x. p. 506 (1758) ; Esp. Schmett. pi. 68. f. 1 : Hiibn.Eur. Schmett. ff. 480, 481 ; Dup. Lep. Fr. vi. p. 195, pi. 85. f. 4; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 1^4. Bomhyx tricvs^pis, Esp. Schmett. Eur. iii. p. 348. pi. 68. ff. 2, 3 (1788). Cerapteryx hiherninii^, Curt. Brit. Ent. v. pi. 451 (18.'33). Heliophohus albineura, Boisd. Icones, pi. 74. f. 4 (1841). Charesas megala, Alph. Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. xvii. p. 64, pi. 3. f. 55 (1882) Head and thorax reddish or olive-brown ; abdomen brown. Fore Fig. IM.-- Cerapteryx graminis, J. J-. wing reddish or olive-brown, the median nervure, and the subcostal and submedian uervures slightly, streaked with white, difi'used blackish streaks below base of costa, cell, and vein 1 ; the ante- and postmedial lines only defined by the medial area being suffused with brown or black from subcostal nervure to vein 1, the former cr.RAl'TKKVX. 403 obli(iue, the latter excurvcd from costa to veiu 4, then incurved ; claviform elongate, brownish white; orbicular and reniforra brownish white, small, the former rather elongate elliptical, the latter con- fluent with the white streak on median nervure, which is tricuspid on base of veins 3, 4, 5 ; subterminal lino represented by a curved series of small dentate black marks ; a terminal black line ; cilia ochreous. Hind wing fuscous, the cell and area just below it pale ; cilia ochreous ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, the terminal area suffused with fuscous, a discoidal point. Ab. 1. fricnsjyis. Fore wing more uniform bright rufous, the markings obsolescent except the prominent tricuspid white mark at lower angle of cell. Ab. 2. alhineara. Fore wing with all the veins streaked with white. Ab. 3. meijala. Larger; the antennae of male more strongly pecti- nated ; markings as in tricuspis. — Armenia ; W. & E. Turkestan. Hub. BritaiiV, Leech Coll. ; France ; Germany, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; Iceland, Zeller Coll. ; Nor- way, Dovrefjeld, Odalen, Frey Coll.; liussiA, Livonia, Zeller Coll. ; Armenia; W. Turkestan, Ferghana, Issyk-Kul ; E. Tukkkstan, Hi, Korla ; E. Siberia. Exp. 28-3(3 millim. Larva. Mejr. Brit. Lep. p. 75 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. iv. p. 129, pi. 1.51. f. 2. Much wrinkled, greenish ochreous to dark bronze-brown ; dorsal, subdorsal, lateral, and subspiracular lines pale, black-edged ; head brownish with dark markings. Food-plants, Grasses. 4-6. 1809. Cerapteryx albiceps. (Plate XCI. fig. 10.) Hadena albiceps, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 203 (1894). $ . Head and tegulae white ; palpi black except at extremity ; frous with black bar ; antennse except at base black ; thorax choco- late-brown, with white patch on metathorax ; pectus white ; legs banded black and white ; abdomen black irrorated with brown, the anal tuft white, the ventral surface white irrorated with black and ■with a broad black band before extremity. Fore wing white irrorated with a few black scales, thicker on terminal area ; sub- basal line represented by a black striga from costa and another from cell connected with a patch above base of inner margin ; ante- medial line represented by an obli(|ue striga from costa to median nervure, its extremity hooked on outer side, and by a curved band from submedian fold to inner margin, connected by a curved fascia above vein 1 with the postmcdial line which is represented by a small black spot on costa, a lunule beyond the cell and a line from above vein 2 to inner margin, excurved at vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform only indicated by a few black scales and a discoidal striga ; a triangular patch on costa before apex with some white points on it, and a small wedge-shaped patch on inner margin before tornus ; a terminal series of minute black lunules ; cilia chequered white and fuscous. Hind wing fuscous, the cilia white ; the underside 464 N0CTUI1).15. white, irrorated and the terminal area suffused with black, a small discoidal spot, waved i)ostmedial line, and line terminal line. IJah. SiKHiM (/v>(ywf«), type t § in Coll. Elwes. jE'a7j.;j4 millim. Genus SCRIPTANIA, nov. Tvpp, 'S'. mich(Blseni. Proboscis fully deyeloped ; palpi oblique, fringed with long hair in front ; frons smooth ; eyes overhung by long cilia; antenna of male ciliated; head and (liorax clothed with rough hair and scales; tlie pro- and metathorax with spreading cre>ts ; abdomen with dorsal crests on first segment. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from lO anastomosing with 8 to form the areole, 11 from cell. HiTid wing with veins '6, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle; 8 anastomosing with the ceil near base only. A. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform conjoined syzi/gia. B. Fore wing with tlie orbicular and reniform separate. a. Fore wing with the reniform angled inwards on median nervure vorcleoiscjuldi. b. Fore wing with the reniform not angled inwards on median nervure luk-hcehcni. 1810. Scriptania syzygia, n. sp. (Plate XCI. fig. 11.) $ . Head and thorax clothed with white, reddish brown, and black scales and hair; tegula? with two black lines, patagia edged with blackish ; pectus and legs rufous, the tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen rufous, the dorsal crest rufous. Fore wing white with a purplish tinge, mostly irrorated and sufl'used with dark brown ; a black streak below base of cell interrupted by the subbasal line, which is double, filled in with white, interrupted and bent outwards at cell and ending at submedian fold, dentate black marks beyond it below cell and above inner margin ; anetmedial line double filled in with white, oblique, slightly angled outwards below costa and above inner margin and inwards on vein 1 ; claviform small, white defined by black ; orbicular and reniform whitish, tinged with brown at centre and defined by black, the former oblique, irregularly elliptical, open above, the latter angled inwards on median nervure and fondling the former ; postmedial line defined by white on outer side, bent outwards below costa, oblique to vein 6, then minutely dentate, inwardly oblique to inner margin near antemedial line; postmedial area purplish white except at costa, on which are some white points ; subterminal line white, defined on inner side by a series of small dentate dark marks, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to tornus at veins 4 and 3, the area beyond it dark brown exce])t at apex ; cilia pale brown intersected by white, a dark brown line at base and brown tips. Hind wing reddish brown, the cilia whitish with a brown line at base ; the underside greyish thickly irrorated with brown, a small discoidal lunulo and curved postmedial line. Hah. Patagonia, Magellan, Punta Arenas {J. J. Walker), 1 5 type. Exp. 32 millim. KCETrTAXIA. 40') ISn. Scriptania nordenscjoldi. Mamrsfra nordenscjoldi, Stiiucl. Hamburg. Magalhaeiis. iv. p. 68, f. 7 (1S99). Hend and thorax white mixed with black ; tegulae and patagia with black line near edges ; tarsi fuscous ringed with white ; abdo- men fuscous gre}'. Fore wing grey-white irrorated and suffused with fuscous, the end of cell and area beyond and below it and the terminal area except towards apex more strongly suffused ; subbasal line represented by oblique double black striae from costa and cell filled in with white ; antemedial line defined by whitish on inner side, waved, angled strongly outwards above inner margin ; claviform large, fuscous defined by black ; orbicular and reniform grey with whitish annuli defined by black, the former irregularly rounded, the latter angled inwards on median nervure ; traces of a medial line from cell to inner margin ; postmcdial line defined by whitish on outer side, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved, some white points on costa beyond it; veins 7, 6, 4, 3 defined by whitish, indenting the sub- terminal line, which is represented by a series of small white spots on dentate black marks, angled outwards at veins 7, 4, 3 ; the apex and a terminal line grey ; cilia fuscous and grey. Hind wing fuscous, the cilia white at tips ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown, a small discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hah. Patagonian Andes, Val da Lago Blanco, 4 c? i 1 $ , Punta Arenas. Exp. 36 millim, *1812. Scriptania michaelseni. Affrofis michcBheni, Staud. Ilamburg. Magalbaens. iv. p. 60, f. 13 (1809). S . Head and tegulae dark brown mixed with grey ; patagia and thorax grej^ with seven brown stripes ; abdomen with the basal Fig. Vib. — Scriptania michoiheni, ^. \. half grey, the terminal half red-brown. Pore wing purplish grey- brown, the veins streaked with whitish ; black patches in interspaces of basal area, traversed by the white subbasal lino, which is repre- sented by an obli(jue striga from costa and an inwardly oblique Btriga from median nervure, the patch above inner margin extend- ing to near antemedial line, which is whitish, strongly angled outwards below costa and above inner margin and with small wedge-shaped black patch before it above vein 1, and one beyond it VOL. v. 2 u 466 SOCTUID^. above inner marp:in ; claviform black, with white streaks above and beyond it ; cell filled in with black ; orbicular and reniform narrow, •with brown centres and white annuli defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, the latter inwardly oblique ; postmedial line white, very oblique from costa to vein 6, tlien obliquely curved and strongly angled inwards on vein 1, a series of dentate black marks on its inner edge ; subterminal line white, running into an oblique white stripe from apex extending to postmedial line, and indented by prominent white streaks on veins 4 and 3, a series of black spots on its iuner and outer sides, those towards costa on inner side dentate ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia white. Hind wing fuscous brown, with the cilia white ; the underside grey thickly irrorated with brown, a small black discoidal spot and curved postmedial line on costal half. Hah. S. TiERRA DEL FuEGO, Uschuaia, type t J in Mus. Ham- burg. Ea-j), 32 millim. Genus STRIGANIA, nov. Type, -S. Whophilns. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi oblique, the 2nd joint fringed in front with long liair. the 3rd short, porrect ; irons smooth; eyes large, rounded, over- hung by long cilia; iiead and thorax clothed vrith rough hair and scales; tibire moderately fringed with hair ; abdomen with some rough hair at base of dorsum, but without crests. Fore wing with the terinen obliquely curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anasto- mosing with 8 to form the areola ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3,4 from angle of cell ; 6 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base. Sect. I. Antennje of male strongly serrate and fasciculate. 1813. Strigania lithophilus. HeliopJwhus lifhophihis, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1882, p. 119. S . Head ochreous, with some black hair at side ; thorax ochreous tinged with fuscous, a black and white line near tips of tegulae and black and white fascia on patagia ; abdomen ochreous, dorsally Fig. 13G. — Strigania lithophilus, cJ. \. tinged with fuscous, leaving pale segmental lines, ventrally irro- rated with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous, the costal area irrorated with fuscous, the cell and the area below and beyond its extremity STRIGAXIA. '167 running obliquely to apex and the terminal nrca fuscous ; the mediau nervure and base of vein 1 streaked with ochrcous ; veins 6, 4, 3, 2, 1 on terminal area blackish defined by ochreous streaks ; a black streak below base of cell and an oblique streak above inner mai'gin near base; claviform with ochreous annulus defined by black and with a black patch below its inner side ; orbicular and reniforra with ochreous or blackish centres and whitish annuli define 1 by black, the former oblique elliptical, and produced along median nervure to become more or less strnngly confluent with the narrow reniform ; an irregular oblique ochreous band from apex to inner margin beyond middle intersected by the streaks on the veins ; the subterminal line represented by a series of ochreous points on small dentate black marks in the interspaces ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia ochreous, with two brown lines through them. Hind wing whitish, the veins, inner area, and terminal half suffused with fuscous ; cilia ochreous white, with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with fuscous except on disk, a small discoidal lunule. 2 . Head and fore wing more uniformly suffused with fuscous. Hah. CuiLi (Edmonds), 2 cT , 1 5 type. EA^p. 32-34 millim. Sect. II. Anteniif? of inale cilialecl. A. Fore wing with terminal whitish bnnd scripfa. B. Fore wing without terminal wiiite band calligrapta. *1814. Strigania scripta. Mamestra scripfa, Mssn. Stlibel's Eeise, p. 141, pi. vi. f. 14 (1890). (5 . Head and thorax pale ochreous with some fuscous and brown hair mixed ; patagia with white streak and some black scales near edges ; abdomen pale ochreous, tinged with brown towards ex- tremity. Fore wing pale ochreous, the interspaces mostly suffused with brown ; subbasal line represented by patches of black scales below costa and cell, the latter crossed by an oblique whitish striga ; antemedial line represented b}' two patches of blackish scales below costa and by a whitish line from cell to inner margin, strongly angled on vein 1 and defined by black on outer side in submedian interspace and on inner side below vein 1 ; claviform incompletely defined by black and with oblique whitish fascia above and beyond it; orbicular and reniform whitish with brown centres open above and below, defined by a V-shaped black mark between them and an inverted V before orbicular, connected by a whitisli streak on median nervure, continued on veins 3, 4 to subterminal line ; post- medial line minutely waved, black defined by a whitish band on outer side connected with apex by an oblique whitish fascia, oblique from costa to vein 6 and from vein 4 to inner margin ; subterminal line represented by a series of black wedge-shaped marks with whitish lunules on them ; a terminal whitish band ; cilia whitish, ochreous at base. Hin 1 wi ng ochreous white, thp veins and terminal 2n 2 408 NOCTUID.-E. area brownish ; the underside Avith the veins and marginal areas irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal luniile. H(th. Bolivia, Tacora, 12,000 feet, type t in Mus. Berlin. Exp. 30 milliin. 1815. Strigania calligrapta. l^eitria calligrapta. Bull. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1882, p. 118. c? . Head and thorax ochreous with some black scales ; abdomen ochreous irrorated with dark brown. Fore winf? ochreous, irrorated and ]ai'j;ely suffused with dark brown ; subbasal line represented by ochreous strite from costa aud cell, the former defined on inner side, the latter on both sides by black ; antemedial line double, dark brown filled in with ochreous, angled outwards below costa, oblique below cell, and strongly bent inwards to inner margin ; elaviform well-developed, reddish brown defined by dark brown and Fig. 137. — Slrigania calligrapta, J. \. with an ochreous patch between it and postmedial line; orbicular and reniform with reddish centres and ochreous annuli defined by dark brown, the former very oblique elliptical, the latter slightly angled inwards on median nervure ; postmedial line double, filled in with ochreous, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, ex- curved to vein 4, then oblique, some pale points beyond it on costa; the veins with slight dark streaks defined by ochreous, the median nervure and veins 6, 4, 3, 1 on postmedial area more strongly defined, those on each side of veins 4, 3 indenting the ochreous subterminal line, which is angled outwards at vein 7, defined on inner side by some dentate dark marks extending to its outer side at middle ; a terminarseries of small dark lunules ; cilia ochreous, with a red-brown line through them. Hind Aving whitish suffused with fuscous brown, especially on terminal half; cilia ochreous, with a red-brown line through them ; the underside ochreous irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal bar. Hob. Chili {Edmonch), 1 d" type. Exp. 36 millim. Genus GRAPHANIA, nov. Type, G. dinjungens. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the 2nd joint fringed wilb hair in front, the 3rd porrect ; frons with truncate conical prominence with cx3rneous plate below it; eyes large, rounded ; head and thorax clothed with hair and hair-lil;e scales, the pro- and metathorax with slight spreading crests ; GRAPHANIV. 469 tibiffi fringed with hair ; abdomen with dorsil crest on basal segment, dorsally clothed with rough hair at base and with Literal fringes. Fore wing rather produced, the termen obliquely curved; veins .3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; (i from upper angle ; 9 I'rom 10 anasfomosing with 8 to forui the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 8, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from just below angle of discocellulars ; ti, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. Sect. I. Antennte of male bipectiuate with long branches, the apical part serrate. 1816. Graphania disjungens. Heliopkohus dlsjungens, Wlk. xv. 1681 (1858) ; Hudson, Now Zjaland Moths & Butterflies, p. 15, pi. v. f. 43. Hadena nervata, Guen. Eut. Mo. Mag. v. p. 40 (1868). Head and thorax white mixed with some hrown ; frons with black bar ; tegulae with black medial line and brown tips ; patag-ia edged with black ; tarsi with pale rings ; abdomen grey mixed with brown. Fore wing white tinged in parts with yellow, irrorated Fig. 138. — Graphania dlfjiLngcns, ^, with black and suffused with brown on medial and terminal areas ; the veins white; subbasal line represented by oblique black striae from costa and cell, the latter followed by a slight black streak in Bubmedian fold, then by obliquely placed black and white streaks above and below vein 1 ; antemcdial line black, interrupted at the veins, oblique from costa to above vein 1 ; claviform defined by black above ; orbicular and reniform small, with brown centres and white aunuli defined by black, the former round ; a medial lino oblique from costa to below cell, then waved ; postmedial line lunu- late, bent outwards below costa, cxcurved to vein 4, then oblique and angled inwards to antemedial line in submcdian fold ; subterminal line white, defined by more or less prominent somewhat dentate black marks before and beyond it, angled outwards at vein 7 and dentate to termen at veins 4, 3 ; a terminal series of black lunules. Hind Aving fuscous brown, the cilia white at tips ; the underside white irrorated with brown ; a discoidal lunulc and curved post- medial line. llah, Nkw Zkal.vnd {EmjR, Matheic, J. J. Walker), 4 d" , 1 ? mosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell, llind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 6 obso- lescent from middle of discocelluiar.s ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing ■with the cell near ba.se only. A. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform not forming a V-shaped mark propria. 33. Fore wmg with the orbicular and reniform forming a V-shaped mark poh/gona. TMETOLOPflOTA. 471 1818. Tmetolophota propria. Leucania propria, Wlk. ix. Ill (1856); Bntl. Voy. ' Erebus' & 'Terror,' ^\. ix. f. 4 ; Hudson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 1 1, pi. iv. f. 13. Head and thorax ochreous brown with a reddish or olive tinge; tegulae with black and white medial line ; fore and mid tibiae striped whitish and black ; abdomen ochreous brown, tinged with rufous towards extremity or more ochreous. Fore wing pale grey-brown, usually more or less tinged with rufous or sometimes with ochreous ; a prominent black fascia below base of cell to below origin of vein 2; the extremity of median nervure with ditfused fuscous on it, with more or less prominent black streak above it and base of vein 4 ; Fig. Ii0.— Tmc(olo2}ho(a. propria, (^ . \. orbicular and reniform small, greyish, obscurely defined by black, the former round, reduced to a slight black streak representing its lower edge or obsolete ; a postmedial series of black points, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, met at vein 4 by a more or less prominent triangular dark shade from termen below apex; a prominent terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown, or ochreous tinged with fuscous brown, the cilia ochreous ; the underside ochreous, the costal area slightly tinged with brown and irrorated with fuscous ; a terminal series of small black lunulcs. Hah. New Zealand (Earl), 1 J type, (Enifs) 1 (^ , (Mathew) 1 J, 1 5 , ( ^JP^- Exp. 32 millim. 1825. Dasygaster hoUandiae. Lasj/gader hollandice, Guen. Noct. i. p. 201 (1852). Dasi/gaMcr leucanioidoi, Guen. Noct. i. p. 202 (1852). Graphi'pliora facili&, Wlk. xi. 745 (1857J. Head and thorax grey and fuscous tinged with rufous ; frons with dark bar; tcgulne with dark medial line; spurs and tarsi ringed with white; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing brown tinged with Fig. \A^.- Dasygaster hoUavdlcp, J. rufous, the veins fuscous irrorated with white ; subbasal line repre- sented by slight dark striae from costa and cell ; antemedial line indistinct, double filled in with greyish, highly waved ; claviform represented by a slight pale mark with some dark scales on its edges ; orbicular and reniform small,' with brown centres and whitish aunuli defined by brown, the former elongate elliptical, the latter with a more or less prominent white streak on its lower edge ; postmedial line dentate and produced to black and white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, oblique below vein 4, some while points on costa beyond it; subtcrminal line represented by whitish points on a series of short black streaks, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points : cilia with a fine pale line at base. DA9TGASTKR. 4/7 Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia pale tinged with brown or rufous ; the underside white, slightly tinged with purplish red and irrorated with fuscous ; a black discoidal spot and curved post- medial line, the area beyond it suffused with fuscous. Ab. 1. leucanioides. Fore wing with the markings less distinct, the reniform without the white streak below it and with a fuscous patch beyond it. Ab. 2. facilis. Much more grey-brown and with hardly any rufous tinge. Ab. 3. Suffused with deep fuscous. Hub. N. S. Wales, Moreton Bay (Digr/Jes), 1 5 ; Vfctoria, Gisborne {Lyell), 1 c? ; S. Australia, Parkside (Low^r), 1 (^ , 1 $ ; Tasmania, Hobart {Allport, Lyell), 7 6, 1 $ , type fac'dis. Exp. 38-40 millim. 1826. Dasygaster epundoides. (Plate XCI. fig. 15.) Dasygaster epundoides, Gnen. Noct. i. p. 202 (1852). Dasi/gaster pimctivena, Wlk. ix. 242 (1856). 5 . Head and thorax black slightly mixed with grey ; antennae at base and tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen fuscous irrorated with grey. Fore wing fuscous black, with some whitish irroration, especially on basal, costal, and inner areas ; subbasal line repre- sented by a black striga from costa ; anteraedial line indistinct, oblique, waved, defined by greyish on inner side ; claviform a small black mark ; orbicular a black point ; reniform very ill-defined and small, formed of black and white scales ; postmedial lino indistinct, bent outwards and defined by wliitc on outer side below costa, then oblique, dentate, a series of white points on costa beyond it ; sub- terminal line represented by a series of white points on short black streaks, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown, greyish towards base and costa, the cilia whitish at tips; the under- side white irrorated with black ; a black discoidal lunnle, the terminal area black. Hah. Tasmania, 1 $ iy\)G punctivena. Exp. AQ miWxva. Sect. III. Antennae of male with cilia and bristles; claspers very elongate ; liincl wing witii the terraen strongly excised from apex to vein 4. ] 827. Dasygaster reversa. Aledn. reversa, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii. p. G, pi. 144. f. 5 (1884); TTinpsn. Moths Inrl. ii. p. 278. Head iind thorax pale ochreous mixed Avith fuscous ; tegulyc with fu.scous lines at middle and near tips; patagia with some black scales on upper edge ; tarsi with pale rings. Fore wing pale ochreous, tinged with purplish red and irrorated with fuscous ; 478 xncTuiD.r.. subhasal line indistinct, "u-avcd, from costa to rein 1 ; auteraedinl line indistinct, slightly defined by p;rey on inner side, oblique, "Waved ; claviform sometimes reprcssnted by a slight pale mark ; orbicular and reniform small, pale, with fuscous centres and outline, the former round ; postmedial line defined by whitish on outer side, minutely dentate and produced to black and white points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; Fig. 144. — Dafi/gaster reversa, J. \. subterminal line very indistinct, pale, arising obliquely from apex and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous white, tinged with fuscous, especially on the veins and terminal area ; the cilia pale; the underside with waved post- medial line and some black points on apical half of termen. Ab. 1. Fore wing with the extremity of median nervure and veins 3, 4 streaked with Avhitish. — New Guinea. Hah. Madkas, Cuddapah, Horsleykondah (Camphell), 1 J, Nilgiris {Hampson), 1 $ ; Cetlox, Pundaloya {Green?), 2 S ,2 $, type; New Guinea; Queensland, Brisbane {Turner),! J, 1 $ . Exp. 36-42 millim. Genus CIRPHIS. Cirphis, Wlk. xxxii. 622 (1865) Typo. costalh. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned, the 2acl joint fringed witii hair \x\ front, the 3rd short, porrect ; frons smooth; eyes large, rounded ; head and thorax clothed with hair and seales mixed, the pro- and metathorax •with spreading crests ; tibiiE fringed with rather long liair ; abdomen with dorsal crest on basal segment. Fore wing with the apex somewhat acute, the termen obliquely curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 6 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base only. Sect. I. (Cirphis). Antennae of male serrate and fasciculate; tibiae fringed with rather long hair; abdomen clothed with woolly hair. A. Fore wing with the costal edge white. a. Fore wing deep purple eloriosa,. h. Fore wing pale purplish red '. costalia. B. Fore wing with the costal edge not white ohiista. 79 1828. Cirphis eboriosa. (Plate XCI. fig. 10.) Lcucania eboriosa, Guen. Noct. i. p. 74 (1S.">2) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 190. S . Head and thorax deep purple-pink ; abdomen rufous, dark brown on dorsum. Fore wing deep purple-pink ; the costal edge white; the veins near end of cell and termen with slight dark streaks ; antemedial dark points on v-eins and inner margin ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; a postraedial series of black points on the veins, incurved below vein 4 ; a subterminal series of white points in the interspaces. Hind wing dark reddish brown, the cilia purplish pink, the underside pale thickly irrorated with purplish pink ; the terminal area suffused with pink, a dark discoidal spot and diffused postmedial band. Hab. Tasmania (not U.S.A.), i S type, Hobart {Norman), 1 cT • Exp. 40 millim. 1829. Cirphis costalis. Cirphis cosinlis, Wlk. xxxii. ()2'j (186;")). (S . Head and thorax pale purplish rufous ; abdomen ochreoiis tinged with rufous. Fore wing rufous suffused with purplish Fig. 145. — Cirphis coMalis, J. {. pink ; the costal edge white ; slight fuscous antemedial points on median nervure and vein 1 ; a white point with some fuscous round it at lower angle of cell ; traces of a curved postmedial series of dark points on the veins. Hind wing pale purplish rufous suffused with fuscous, leaving the inner area and termen redder ; cilia pale rufous, white at tips ; the underside whitish thickly irrorated with red, a black discoidal spot and diffused fuscous postmedial band. IlaJi. Tasmania, 2 J type. Exp. 38 millim. 1830. Cirphis obusta. (Plate XCI. fig. 17.) Leucania obttsia, Guen. Noct. i. p. 74 (1852); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. .Vm. p. 190. S . Head and thorax deep rufous ; abdomen ochreous, the ventral surface rufous. Fore wing deep rufous suffused with 480 NOCTUID.E. purplish pink ; faint traces of a postraedial series of black points on the veins ; cilia rufous, with a fine pale line at base. Hind •wing ochreous, suffused with reddish fuscous especiall)' towards termen ; the cilia rufous ; the underside pale suffused with purple- pink, a dark discoidal spot and postmedial line diffused outwardly to termen except at apex. Hah. Tasmania (not U.S.A.), 1 S type. Exp. 4G millim. Sect. II. Antenna of male ciliated. A. Palpi of male with spreading tuft of hair from npperside of 2nd joint. *1831. Cirphis pilipalpis. HcUoj)liila. pilipalpis, Grote, Proc. Bost. See. N. H. xviii. p. 415 (1875); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 189. 2 . Head and thorax pale flesh-coloiir irrorated with black scales, the tegulae yellowish ; abdonaen whitish, the ventral surface Fi^. HG. — CirjjJiii j.ilipalpis, (^ . \. irrorated with a few black scales. Fore wing pale flesh-colour, rather deeper in discal fold towards postmedial line and rather strongly irrorated with black ; the costal edge white ; antemedial line represented by two dark points on inner area ; a pale discoidal bar slightly angled inwards on vein 1 and with black point in lower angle of cell and diffused fuscous patch beyond it ; postmedial line fuscous, highly crenulate, bent outwards below costa, then obliquely curved ; a terminal series of points. Hind wing yellowish white, the terminal half suffused with fuscous ; the cilia white ; underside white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, some black points on termen. Hah. U.S.A., Florida, in Coll. Schaus, Appalachicola. E.rp. 46 millim. B. Palpi of male normal. a. Mid tibire of male with thick fringes of hair on both sides ; abdomen thickly clothed with woolly hair, the anal tuft very large. (d. Fore tibiae of male and first two joints of tarsi with very thick fringes of long hair ; the hind tibitc with thick fringes of hair on both sides. ciRrais. 481 1832. CirpMs pseudargyria. Lencania fscuclargijria, Guen. Noct. i. p. 74 (1852) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 189. Heliophila callida, Grote, New Check-List, p. 30 (1882). S . Head aud thorax ochreous tinged with purplish red and with slight dark irroration ; palpi blackish at sides ; fore legs dark ; Fig. 147. — Cirphis iKCudargyria, ^. abdomen rufous, dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing greyish ochreous, irrorated with purplish red and suffused with the same colour in and beyond cell and on terminal area below apex ; the antemedial line dark, indistinct, interrupted, waved ; orbicular and reniform ochreous white with some red scales at centre, the former irregularly rounded, the latter narrow and slightly angled inwards on median nervure ; postmedial line dentate and produced to dark points on the veins, slightly bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then somewhat incurved ; a curved purplish-red shade below apex; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing fuscous brown ; Ihe cilia ochreous, whitish at tips ; the underside ochreous, the costal and terminal areas slightly irrorated with brown. Ab. 1. Much greyer and witliout the red tinge. JIah. Canada, 1 S ; U.S.A., Massachusetts, Eurnly, 1 j , 1 J, New York, Evans Centre, 1 ^ type, 3 $ , New Jersey, Kansas (Snow), 2 $ , Texas, Colorado. Ktp. 34-46 millim. The single grey male from Canada is without the tufts on fore and mid tibiae; whether this is natural or due to condition of specimen, I leave to be decided by further material. Larva. Like ph-ar/mitidicola but rather paler, the substigmatal line broad, whitish, reddish filled. Dorsal line narrow, pale, brown-edged ; subdorsal line distinct, broadly brown-cdgod above. Brown lateral baud obscurely divided by a central lino. Leg-plates brown. — H. G. D. VOL. V. 2 I 482 KOCTUID^. p. Fore tibijE of male thickly tufted with hair ; hind tibiae moderately tufted. 1833. Cirphis multilinea. (Plate XCI. fig. 18.) Zeucania multilinea, Wlk. ix. 97 (1856) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 187. Leucania soli/a, Wlk. ix. 99 (1856); Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 262. Heliophila lapidaria, Grote, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil. 1875, p. 419. Head and thorax brownish ochreous ; tegulae with three dark lines ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing ochreous ; the veins white, clearly defined by red-brown streaks ; the interspaces with fine red-brown streaks ; the median nervure with a red-brown fascia below it ; the costal and inner areas slightly irrorated with black : a black point below origin of vein 2 and another in lower angle of cell ; postmedial black points on veins 5 and 2 ; an oblique pale shade from apex; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the veins and termen tinged with fuscous brown ; a terminal series of black points ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with dark brown. Ab. 1. lapidaria. Hind wing with the veins and termen not tinged with brown. Hah. Canada, Orilla {Bush), 1 $ type ; U.S.A., Massachusetts, Euffalo, 1 c? , 1 2 , type lapidaria, New York ; Costa Eica ( Under- wood), 1 c? , Guatemala {Cliaiinpion), 1 S ; Panama, Bugaba {Champion), 1 S , Godman-Salvin Coll., La Chorrera {Dolhy-Tyler), 1 5 ; Grenada {H. H. Smith), 1 (5" ; Baebados {Frampton), 1 ^ , 2 5 ; Hab. igkn., 1 (5 type solita ; Paraguay, Sapucay (Foster), 1 2 . Kvp. 38 millim. c^. Fore and hind tibiaj of male moderately tufted with hair. a^. Mid tibia of male wi(h the outer spur curved and llattened, pointed at extremity. a'. Hind wing wliolly suffused with fuscous commoides. b^. Hind wing white, tljc termen tinged with fuscous phragmitidicola. 1834. CirpMs commoides. (Plate XCI. fig. 19.) Leucania commoides, Guen. Noct. i. p. 86 (1852) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 188. Head and thorax dull reddi.sh brown mixed with fuscous ; teguloe with two dark lines ; patagia with a few black scales near upper edge ; abdomen rufous in male, ochreous in female. Fore wing ochreous suffused \Aith pale rufous, the costal and inner areas slightly irrorated with Idack ; the veins whitish slightly defined by brown streaks ; the interspaces with brown streaks ; the median nervure more prominently Avhite, defined by black on each side ; a black streak from inner margin near base to beyond middle ; the riRPiirs. 483 interspaces of terminal urea with slight black streaks ; traces of a postraedial series of black points on the veins sometimes present ; an oblique pale shade from apex : a terminal series of black points. Hind wing brown with a reddish tinge ; cilia yellowish white, with a brown line near base ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with dark brown. Hah. Canada, Nova Scotia, Alberta, Calgarj^ {WoUey-Dod), 1 r? , 1 $ ; U.S.A., New York, 4 c? , 2 $, type, Wisconsin, Illinois, Florida, Minnesota, Washington, 1 $ , Colorado, New Mexico. Exp. 40 millim. 1835. Cirphis pliragmitidicola. Lencania phraqmitidicola, Grueu. Xoct. i. p. 89 (1852) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 187. Head and thorax brownish ochreous ; palpi and sides of head dark brown ; tegalae wich three dark lines ; abdomen ochreous white. ■i^ Fig. 148. — Cirphis phragmltidicola, c?. \. Fore wing brownish ochreous sparsely irrorated with black ; the veins pale defined by brown streaks ; the area beyond the cell with fine brown streaks in the interspaces ; the median nervure with white streak more or less strongly defined below by black, some- times extending beyond the cell as a short streak above vein 4 ; an antemedial black point sometimes present just below median nervure ; a black point in lower angle of cell ; a curved postmedial series of black points on the veins ; an oblique pale shade from apex ; a terminal series of black points usually present. Hind wing white, the veins and tcrmen tinged with ochreous brown ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a terminal series of black points on apical half. Hah. Canada ; U.S.A., Massachusetts, Beverly, 2 $ , New York, 5 d , 2 2 , Kansas (Snow), 1 c? , 1 $ , Texas, Colorado, California, San Francisco, 1 $ , New Mexico. Exp. 32-42 millim. Larva. Head luteous, sutures paler with a brown stripe each side and mark in clypeus. Body straw-brown, finely darker streaked. Dorsal line narrow, pale, dark-edged ; subdorsal broader, pale, a broad straight band above it and narrow edging below : lateral line narrow, pale ; markings slightly darker between this and the narrow pale stigmatal line. Leg-shields brownish. — H. G. D. 484 NOCTUID^. 4 b'^. Mid tibia of male with the outer spur normal. ((^. Fore wing tinged with pink roseola. b^. Fore wing not tinged with pink farcta. 1836. Cirphis roseola. (Plate XCI. fig. 20.) Leucania roseola, Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xsi. p. 75, pi. v. f. 9 (1894); Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 163. Head and thorax pale ochreous with a slight pink tinge ; tegulce with two slight lines, patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; abdomen ochreous, white at base ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen tinged with brownish pink. Fore wing pale ochreous tinged with pink ; the veins white defined by fine pink streaks, the interspaces also streaked with pink ; a small white spot at lower angle of cell with a black point above it in angle ; postmedial line rejiresented by black points on veins 5 and 2. Hind wing white, the termen slightly tinged with ochreous towards apex ; the underside w ith the costal area tinged with ochreous and irrorated with fuscous. Hah. Canada, Br. Columbia, Kaslo (J. W. Coclde), 2 $ , Van- couver ; U.S.A., "Washington, Pullman, 1 § , Oregon, Corvallis, 1 c? . Exp. 42 millim. Larva. (Original.) Head shining brown, the reticulations in- distinct, the vertical baud next the suture distinct and black. Body uniform, creamy brown ; dorsal line narrow, white, brown- edged ; a distinct, nearly solid, subdorsal black band with a white one below it ; a narrow white line in the middle of the brownish lateral sjiace ; a white band below this ; lateral space below filled by a broad dotted greyish space cut by a narrow line of the ground- colour ; substigmatal band broad, defined by its white edges, filled with the ground-colour. Spiracles black. Abdominal feet of joints 7 to 10 black outwardly. Food-plants, Grasses. — H. G. D, 1837. Cirphis farcta. (Plate XCI. fig. 21.) HeliopMla farcia, Grote, Can. Ent. xiii. p. 15 (1881); Smith, Cat. N'oct. N. Am. p. 188. Head and thorax ochreous ; tegulae with traces of three dark lines ; patagia with a few black scales near their upper edge ; pro- and metathoracic and abdominal crests brownish at tips ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing ochreous, irrorated with a few black scales on inner area ; the veins whitish, defined by rufous streaks^ the interspaces with rufous streaks : a black point below origin of vein 2; postmedial black points on veins 5 and 2; traces of an oblique pale shade from apex ; a terminal series of minute points sometimes present. Hind wing white, tinged with ochreous towards termen ; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated with brown. ciRrms. 485 ITah. U.S.A., California, 1 d" type {Walsinijham), 2 $. Ex2y. 42-46 millim. Larva. Like phragmlthlicola, but paler, straw-yellow, the dark shade between lateral and stigmatal lines pronounced. — -H. G. 1). h. Mid tibiae of male with thick fj-inges ofhing liair and scales on underside ; abdomen not clothed with woolly hair, a'. Fore coxa, femora, and tibise of male with thick fringes of hair and scales. or. Fore wing with black spot above median nervuro towards end of cell fasciata. h'. Fore wing without black spot above median nervure towards end of cell naiiiica. 1838. CirpMs fasciata. Axylia Jasciata, Moore, P. Z S. 18SI, p. 311 ; pi. 144. f. 6; Ilmpsu. Moths Ind. ii. p. 280. Leucania nigrUinea, Leech, P. Z. S. 1889, p. 482, id. Lep. Cejl. iii. p. 7, pi. 50. f. 8. Head and thorax oehreous with a slij^ht rufous tiuge ; tegulaB grey with three black lines ; prothoracic crest grey aud black ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; abdomen brownish grey tinged with fuscous, pore wing oehreous, tinged with rufous ■■^-^^ Fig. 149. — Cirphis fasciata, c?. \, and irroratcd with a few black scales, the veins pale deflned by fine brown streaks ; vein 4 white ; some black streaks in interspaces of terminal area ; a black streak below base of cell to origin of vein 2 ; a fuscous fascia on median nervure expanding beyond lower angle of cell into a wedge-shaped patch extending on termen to just below apex ; smijll wliitisli spots with small black spots between them above median nervuro and in and beyond lower angle of cell ; a grey patch below vein 3 ; traces of a dentate postmedial line bent outwards below costa and obli([ue below vein 4 ; cilia fuscous, with a fine pale lino at base. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, especially on the veins and terminal area ; the underside with some dark irroration on costal area. Hab. Japan, Yokohama (Pri/er^, 2 (^ , 4 $ , type nigrilinea ; Punjab, li.\x\\x{Ilochin(j), 1 (S , Simla (Heed), typo; Ckylojt, Tundaloya (Green), 1 c?> ^^ $ • ^a-^J. 34 millim. 486 xociriD^. 1839. Cirphis nainica. Leucania nainica, Moore, P. Z. S. ]881, p. 337, pi. 37. f. 15 ; Hinpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 274. Leucania griseofusciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 339. Leucania irrorata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 4U9. Head and thorax pale brownish ochreous mixed with some fuscous tegulae with three dark lines ; abdomen brownish ochreons, the ventral surface with some fuscous irroration. Fore wing pale brownish ochreous slightly irrorated with fuscous ; some rufous suffusion in and bej'ond cell ; the median nervure defined by a fuscous fascia below, expanding below lower angle of cell into a triangular patch extending to termen below apex ; median nervure streaked with white from before middle, hooked at lower angle of cell, in which there is a black point ; an indistiact curved postmedial series of points on the veins, sometimes with traces of a crenulate line between them ; the veins of terminal area slightly streaked with white, the interspaces with brown streaks ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown, rather paler at base ; the underside pale, the costal and terminal areas tinged with brown and irrorated with fuscous, some black points on termen. Hab. Punjab, Simla {Harford), 1 c? , Dalhousie, 1 $ ijT^Q griseo- fasciata, Dharmsala (Boclinc/), 2 S,2 $ , type irrorata, NainiTal. Exj). 36-40 millim. 6\ Mid femora of male with fringe cf long hair and scales. a^. Fore wing with black point in cell above origin of vein 2 insularis. P. Fore wing without black point in cell above origin of vein 2 promincns. 1840. Cirphis insularis. (Plate XCI. fig. 22.) Leticnnia insularis, Butl. P. Z. S. 1880, p. 674. Axylia irrorata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 341 ; Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 280. Axylia albiveiia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 342. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous ; sides of palpi and frons black ; tegula) with black medial line and black and grey tips ; patagia with some black scales on upper edge ; metathoracic crest black; legs striated with blackish. Fore wing ochreous slightly irrorated with black ; a slight black streak in base of submedian fold ; median nervure and base of vein 4 more or less prominently white, with a slight diffused black fascia above and below median nervure, then from lower angle of cell oblique to termen at vein 6 ; antemcdial line sometimes represented by black marks above and below median nervure ; orbicular and reniform represented by black points or small spots in cell above origin of vein 2 and at lower angle ; traces of a highly dentate postmedial line with two series of black points on it, the inner in the interspaces, the outer on the veins, oblique below vein 4 and sometimes quite obsolete ; a ClRPHJS. 487 terminal scries of black points, usually prominent ; cilia intersected with fuscous. Hind wing white tinged with ochreous, the terminal area with brown ; a terminal series of black points ; the underside with the costal area slightly irroratcd with fuscous. Hah. Formosa (Hohson), 1 S type ; Punjab, Kulu, Sultanpur {G. Young, Hoeling), 6 c? type irrorata, Kangra Valley {Dudgeon), 1 $ , Simla (Siuinhoe), 2 ^ type alhivena ; Madras, 1 $ ; S.E. Borneo, 1 $ . Exp. 28-36 millim. 1841. CirpMs prominens. Leucania prominens. Wlk. ix. 102 (1856). Lcucania hiRpauica, Bell. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1863, p. 421, pi. 9. f. 5 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 191. Head, tegulae, and prothoracic crest flesh-colour, the teguloe with fuscous and white medial line and tips ; thorax yellow, with some black scales near upper edge of patagia ; abdomen ochreous, whitish Fig. 150. — Cirphis prominens, cJ. } jr-^:-~\ at base, the lateral fringes of male yellow. Fore wing ochreous sparsely irrorated with black, the veins defined by slight brown- pink streaks, the interspaces of terminal area also streaked with brown ; the median nervure and veins 4 and 3 white, the former defined below by a brown shade and with a slight blackish streak below it at base ; a black point in lower angle of cell. Hind wing white, the veins and termen tinged with ochreous ; the underside with the costal area sparsely irrorated with fuscous, some black points on apical part of termen. Hah. Spain, Catalonia, Zeller and Leech Colls., Andalusia ; Algeria ; Nigeria, Accra {Carter), 1 $; Congo {Curror), 1 $ type; Br. E. Africa, Kikuyu {CrawaTiay), 1 c? ; Mashonaland {Dohhie), 1 cf . Exp. 28-36 millim. Larva. Mill. Ic. ii. p. 414, pi. 93. ff. b-l. Pale yellowish or rufous ; dorsal line fine defined by brown ; subdorsal, lateral, and sublateral lines strong, white in the rufous specimens and defined by brown. Food-plants, Grasses. 5 & 8. c. Mid tihin^ f)f male normal. tf'. Fore libiii', femora, and cox.-r of male with immense tiitts of lung scales and liair. a". Fore wing with biackisli fascia on median nervure pxfending to near ternirn diairrcfa. 488 NOCTTJIDJ!. h-. Fore wing without blackish fascia on median uervure. a^. Fore wing with the veins dermed bj fine brown streaks uda. P. Fore wing with the veins not defined by brown streaks. «*. Fore wing with the ground-colour ochreous tinged with rufous or grey ahdomuudis. b^. Fore wing with tlie ground-colour pale grey- brown adjunct a. c*. Fore wing with the ground-colour deep purple red leucosfa. 18tt2. Cirphis diatrecta, Leucania diatrecta, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1886, p. 390. Head and thorax brownish ochreous ; patagia with blackish streak near upper edge ; abdomen whitish tinged with brown* Fore wing brownish ochreous sparsely irrorated with black ; the costal edge whitish ; a somewhat diffused blackish fascia along median nervure and below vein 5 to near termen, with a white point on it at lower Fig. 151. — Cirjjhis diatrecta, (^ . \. angle of cell and a black jtoint in lower angle ; a black fascia on inner margin from before middle to tornus ; the terminal area darkened by obscure streaks in the interspaces ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area tinged with brown ; the cilia brown or reddish from apex to vein 2 ; the underside with the costal area and the apical half of terminal area tinged with vinous red and irrorated with brown. Hah. QtrEENSLAND, Peak Downs, 1 5 fype, Brisbane {Tamer), 2 c? J 2 $ . Exp. 36 millim. 1843. Cirphis uda. (Plate XCI. fig. 23.) Leucr/via uda, Guen. Noct. i. p. 80 (1852). Leucania curta, Wlk. xxxii. 627 (1865). Leucania stenogra'plm. Lower, P. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. xxv. p. 30 (1900). $ . Pale brownish ochreous ; fore legs fuscous in front ; abflomen ■with sublateral series of black points, the ventral surface irrorated with black. Fore wing finely irrorated with black, the costal edge whitish ; traces of an antemedial line oblique fi'ora eosta to above inner margin, where it is angled ; median nervure slightly ciRPHis. 489 streaked with white, a white point at lower angle of cell with more or less fuscous round it ; an indistinct highly crenulate l)ostmedial line, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique or reduced to two series of points ; the veins of terminal area pale and with slight dark streaks in the interspaces between them ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, deepening to fuscous towards termen ; the underside whitish, the costal area irrorated with brown, the terminal area suffused with fuscous to vein 2. Hah. Australia, (Darnel), 1 $ type curta ; S. Australia, Gis- borne, Parkside, Exj^. 36 millim. 1844. Cirphis abdoniinalis. (Plate XCI. fig. 24.) Nonagria ahdominalis, Wlk. ix. 181 (1856). Mythinma rohus/u, Wlk. xi. 710 (1857). Leucania labecuiw, Lucas, Proc. Koy. Soc. Queensland, viii. p. 84 (1892). Head and thorax ochreous rufous ; abdomen pale, tinged with rufous. Fore wing ochreous rufous, sometimes rather greyer, slightly irrorated with darker scales ; the costal edge whitish ; a small whitish spot at lower angle of cell with a black point before it in angle ; an indistinct obliquely curved postmedial series of dark points on the veins ; a more or less prominent terminal series of dark points. Hind wing white, the veins and termen tinged with yellow-brown, the cilia with a vinous tinge; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a series of black points on termen. Hub. Queensland, Brisbane (Turner), 1 c? , 1 5, Ptockhampton, 1 5; New South Wales, Moreton Bay (Di(jtjles), 1 cS type robuata; Australia, 1 cJ type. Ex^:). 38-40 millim. 1845. Cirphis adjuncta. (Plate XCI. fig. 25.) Leucania adjuncta, Wlk. Cliar. Lcp. Het. p. OS (1869). c? . Head and thorax pale brownish grey irrorated with black scales ; fore legs with the tufts on coxa? tinged with rufous and on tibiae with purplish fuscous ; abdomeu wl)itish tinged with brown. Fore wing pale grey-brown irrorated with black, the disk tinged with pur2:)lish ; the costal edge whitish ; the antemedial line repre- sented by obscure black spots in and below cell ; a small whitish spot at lower angle of cell with a black point before it in angle ; a curved postmedial series of black points on the veins ; a more or less prominent series of terminal points. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area down to vein 2 tinged with fuscous brown ; cilia brown with pale line at base and purplish tips, Avhitc from vein 2 to tornus ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas to vein 2 irrorated with brown, a terminal series of black points. $ browner ; fore wing without the purplish tinge. Ab. 1. Fore wing with fuscous patch beyond lower angle of cell ; hind wing much more suffused with brown. 490 K0C1DIDJ5. Ab. 2. Hind wing whiter, the veins and terminal edge only tinged with brown, the black points appearing on upperside. — W. Australia. Hah. Queensland, Brisbane {Turner), 1 cJ , 2 5 ; W. Australia, Eoebourne {Lyell), 1 $ . Exp. 34-38 millim. 1846. CirpMs leucosta. (Plate XCI. fig. 26.) Leucania leucosta, Lower, P. Linn. Soc. N. S. W, xxvi. p. 64i (1901). J . Head and thorax deep purplish red ; abdomen pale reddish brown, purplish red on ventral surface. Fore wing deep purple- red irrorated with black and grey ; the costal edge Avhite ; traces of an oblique antemedial line ; a white point on a small fuscous patch at lower angle of cell ; traces of a curved postmedial series of dark points on the veins and of a terminal series ; cilia with a fine pale line at base. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area to vein 2 suffused with purplish red ; cilia purplish red with a fine pale line at base ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with purplish red, some black points on termen. Hah. Queensland, 1 cJ ; S. AusipaLiA. Exp. 34 millim. . Fore tibire of male moderately fringed with hair on both sides ; the femora and coxce fringed with long bair. a^. Anal tufts of male very large ; fore wing without black point in lower angle of eell Icueospkeiii b'^. Anal tufts of male moderate; fore wing with black point in lower angle of cell lasiornera. *1847. Cirphis leucosplienia. Leucania leticosphetiia, Beth. Baker, A. M. N. H. (7) xv. p. 198 (1905). Head and thorax ochreous mixed with rufous and dark brown ; tegulaj with strong dark medial line ; abdomen ochreous, slightly tinged with purplish pink and irrorated with dark brown. Fore Fig. 152. — Cirphis kucosphcnia, cJ. [. wing ochreous thickly irrorated with fuscous ; the veins defined by fine fuscous streaks, the interspaces also streaked with fuscous ; an oblique black streak above inner margin before middle ; a short CIRPHIS. 491 white streak on extremity of median nervure slightly hooked at lower angle of cell ; vein 4 more strongly streaked with white ; traces of a postmedial scries of dark points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; an oblique pale fascia from apex with a triangular dark shade below it ; a terminal series of black points ; a fine pale line at base of cilia which are intersected with white. Hind wing pale purplish pink tinged with brown, especially on the veins and terminal area ; some dark points on apical half of termen ; the underside pale ochreous, the costal area tinged with pink and the costal and terminal areas irrorated with fuscous, some short black postmedial streaks on the veins and a terminal series of black points. Ilah. New Guinea, Dinawa, type t c? § in Coll. Bethune Baker. Eoep. 44 millim. *1848. Cirphis lasiomera, n. sp. (Plate XCII. fig. 3.) c? . Head and tegulie whitish ochreous, the former irrorated with black, the latter with two dark lines and purplish tips ; palpi blackish at sides ; thorax ochreous tinged with rufous, some black scales near upper edge of patagia ; abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged with rufous. Fore wing ochreous white, the interspaces suffused with pui'plish rufous ; the veins defined by fine black streaks and the interspaces of terminal half streaked with black ; subbasal line represented by a black ])oint on costa, the antcmedial line by a series of black points obli(]ue from costa to subraedian fold, where itis angled ; a sliort whitish streak on extremity of median nervure, hooked on discocellulars and with a black point in lower angle of cell and small spot beyond the angle ; postmedial line somewhat interrupted and maculate, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; an oblique whitish fascia from apex with some diffused fuscous below it ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous white, the veins and terminal area suffused with brown ; a terminal scries of dark points ; the underside with diseoidal spot and post- medial series of short streaks on the veins. Hab. Java, Preanger, 1 c? type. Exp. 36 millim. c'. Abdomen of male with paired sublateral fans of larpe scales, the coxa:; with fringes of scales and hair, the an .1 tuft large. n^. Hind wing suffused with brown ptyono'phora. '•^ Hind wing semihjaline white loreyi. b^ 1849. Cirphis ptyonophora, n. sp. (Plate XCI. fig. 27.) Leucania punctosa, Wlk. Melliss' St. Helena, p. 182 (nee Treit.). Head, thorax, and abdomen pale reddish brown more or less sufl'uscd M-ith dark brown ; anal tuft rufous. Fore wing greyish tinged with rufous and irrorated with black ; a black streak below 492 NOCTTJID^. base of cell ; a diffused blackish fascia below median iiervure ; the veins whitish, defined by fine brown streaks on terminal half; the cell and interspaces of terminal half streaked with black ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; the postmedial line bent outwards below costa, then represented by a series of points on the veins, oblique below vein 4 ; an oblique pale fascia from apes to vein 5, a terminal series of black points ; cilia brown intersected with white. Hind wing ochreous white suffused with brown, especially on veins and terminal area ; the underside whitish, the costal and tcj'minal areas sparsely irrorated with black, a slight discoidal lunule and terminal series of small triangular black spots. Hah. Si. Helexa ( Wollaston), 3 d , 2 $ , type. Exji. 40-42 millim. 1850. CirpMs loreyi. Nodua loreyi, Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 81, p]. 105. f. 7 (1827) ; ITerr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 309, 314; Hiiipsn. Mofclis Ind. ii. p. 274 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 193. Noctiia caricis, Treit. Schmett. Eur. x. 2, p. 91 (1835). Leucania exsanguis, Guen. Noct. i. p. 82 (1852). Lcucania curvula, Wlk. ix. 102 (ISaB). Leucania collecfa, Wlk. ix. 105 (1856). Leucania exterior, Wlk. ix. 106 (1856). Lcucania thoracica, Wlk. ix. 106 (1856). Leucania desie/nccfa, Wlk. ix. 107 (1856). Leucania denotata, Wlk. ix. 107 (1856). Head and thorax brownish ochreous ; tegulse with two dark lines, the tips greyish ; abdomen whitish tinged with brown, the sublateral tufts of male fuscous, the genital tufts ochreous. Fore wing brownish ochreous, with the costal and inner areas irrorated with fuscous ; the veins whitish, irrorated with fuscous and defined by fine brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with brown ; a black streak below base of cell ; median nervure defined by brown above and below, extending beyond the cell to join the triangular brown shade from termen below apex ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; a postmedial series of black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the veins and termen slightly tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with fuscous, a terminal series of black points from apex to vein 2. CIEPHIS. 403 Huh. Britain, Sussex ; France, Leech Coll. ; Austria, Leech Coll. ; Switzerland ; Italy, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; Egypt ; Morocco (il/mc?e- TFaWo), 1 2 ; Canaries; Madeira (l/wnf/o ParA:), 1 cS ; Congo (Sir J. Richardson), 2 cj* , 2 2 , type curvula ; Ascension I. (Conry), 1 $ ; Br. E. Africa, Eb Urru (Betton), 1 $ , Athi-ya- Mawe (Betton), 1 cT , JS'dimu (Betton), 1 $ ; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), 1 c? , 2 $ , Durban (Leigh), 1 S ; Basutoland, Maseru (Crau'shay), 1 S , Mafetang (Cmu'sTuiy), 1 $ ; Asia Minor, Pontus, Taurus ; Syria, Beirut, Zeller and Leech Colls., 1 c? , 1 2 ; Persian Gulf, Fao (Cuming), 1 c? , 1 $ ; Japan, Yokohama (Pryer), 2 J, 3 2; Formosa (i/oA50»), 1 2; Punjab, Kulu, Sultanpur(6r. Fowwr/), 2 2 , Simla, 1 2 , Bawal Pindi, 1 2 , Cambellpur (Yerhury), 4 2 , Dharmsala (HocJcing), 2 c? , 3 2 , Jubbulpore (Bittlur) 2 d , (Hearsey) 2 c? , 1 2 ' types denotata, collecta, and exterior ; Deccan, 1 2 type ihoraciea; CANARA(TFrt?Y?), 1 2 tjTpe designata x 'Nilgiths (Uanipson), 1 2 ; Burma, Irrawaddy II. (Carpenter),! S ; Philippines, Cebu, 1 S ; Java (Horxjield, VollenJwven), 2 c? , 4 2 ; ^- Australia, Roebuck Bay (J", t/. Walker), 3 S ; Queensland, Brisbane (Titrwer), 1 c? ; Fiji, 1 S • Exp. 34-44 millim. d^. Legs of male normal. «-. Abdomen of male with paired ventral tufts of long hair from base. a^. Abdomen of male clothed witli woolly hair and with protrLisible tufts of long hair from the stigmara. a*. Wings of male on xmder.side with the base of fore wing and basal lialf of hind wing clothed with rough rufous hair. ]S51. Cirpliis dasuta, n. sp. (5 . Head and thorax fulvous brown ; sides of pal])i and frons greyish ; patagia with some black scales above; legs irrorated with Fig. 154. — Cirphis dasuta, (^ . \. fuscous ; abdomen ochreous fulvous. Fore Aviug palo ochreous brown irrorated and striated with fuscous ; subbasal line represented by black points on costa and median nervure, the antcmedial line by points on costa and veins, the claviform by a black point at its extremity ; orbicular represented by a rounded ochreous spot, the reniform by an ocbreous line on an ill-defined ])lackish lunule with with white point at lower angle of cell : a doulde postmedial series of black points, the inner in the interspaces, the outer on the veins, 494 NOCTUID.55. excurved from costa to vein 4, then oblique ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing oehreous brown, the cilia pale. Under- side of fore wing with some rufous hair at base, cell fuscous, costal and terminal areas irrorated with fuscous, an oblique postmedial line ; hind wing with the basal half clothed with rufous hair, the terminal half greyish irrorated with fuscous, a curved postmedial line and some points on termen. IJab. Hawaii, Kona, 4000' (P^rl-ins), 1 c? type. Exp. 44 millim. i*. Wings of male on underside not clothed with rough hair. a^. ¥orei wing suffused with purple-red. a^. Fore wing with slight pale streaks on the vei n s pyrrh ias. a^. Fore wing without pale streaks on the veins. a'. Fore wing witii white point at lower angle of cell viacrosaris. a'. Fore wing with small fuscous patch at lower angle of cell t>/pModes. a'. Fore wing not suffused with piirple-red amhlycasis. 1852. Cirpliis pyrrhias. (Plato XCI. fig. 28.) Leucania pyrrhias, Meyr. Faun. Hawaii, i. p. 141 (1899). Head and thorax purplish red, the hairs tipped with grey ; abdomen oehreous slightly tinged with red. Fore wing oehreous, suffused and thickly striated and irrorated with purplish red ; the veins whitish irrorated with black ; costal edge whitish ; subbasal line represented by a point on costa, the auteraedial line by an indistinct oblique series of points on costa and veins ; a white point at lower angle of cell with small fuscous patch beyond it ; a curved postmedial series of points and a terminal series. Hind wing brownish oehreous tinged with purplish pink ; the cilia pinker and whitish at tips ; the underside whitish tinged with pink, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with black, some black points on apical half of termen. Hah. Hawaii, Xauai, Mt. Waimea, 4000' (PerHns), 2 d type, Kauai Hoholuamauo {Perkins), 1 $ . Exp. 44 millim, 1853. CirpMs macrosaris. Leucania macroi^aris, Meyr. Faun. Hawaii, i. p. 140 (1899). Fig. 155. — Cirpkis macrosarif, ij . ]. cJ . Head and thora.x. oehreous tinged with rufous ; abdomen ciRPiris. 495 oclireous. Fore winj^ ochi-eous, suffused with rufous and irrorated and striated witli brown ; subbasal line represented by a fuscous point on costa, the antemedial line bj- an oblique series of points on eosta and veins ; a white point at lower angle of cell with a little fuscous beyond it ; a curved postmedial series of points and a terminal series. Hind wing ochreous slightly tinged with pink ; the under- side rather paler, the costal area slightly irrorated with brown, some black points on apical half of termen. Hah. Hawaii, Kona, 15000' (PerJcms), 1 (J type. Exp. 40 millim. 1854. Cirphis typhlodes. (Plate XCI. fig. 29.) Le^icania typhlodes, Meyr. Faun. Hawaii, i. p. 141 (1899). (^ . Head and thorax ochreous tinged with rufous ; pectus, legs, and abdomen ochreous. Fore wing ochreous, suffused with rufous and irrorated and sti'iated with brown ; the subbasal line represented by a fuscous point on costa, the antemedial by an oblique series on costa and veins ; a small fuscous patch at and beyond lower angle of cell ; a cui-ved postmedial series of points and a terminal series. Hind wing ochreous slightly tinged with pink ; cilia white at tips ; the underside ochreous irrorated with brown, some black points on apical half of termen. Hah. Hawaii, Olua (Perl-ins), 1 S type. Exp. 38 millim. 1855. Cirphis amhlycasis. (Plate XCI. fig. 30.) Leucania ambli/casis, Mcyr. Faun. Hawaii, i. p. 141 (1899). Head and thorax pale grey-brown, often with an ochreous or rufous tinge ; palpi at sides and legs irrorated with fuscous ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; abdomen pale ochreous or greyish brown. Fore wing greyish ochreous, tinged with rufous and thickly irrorated and striated with fuscous ; subbasal line represented by black points on costa and median nervure, the antemedial line by points on costa and veins ; claviform represented by a faint flesh- coloured streak with a black point on it ; orbicular and reniform faint round flesh-coloured murks ; a white point edged with black at lower angle of cell with slight fuscous mark beyond ib ; a more or less prominent double postmedial series of black points, the it)ncr in interspaces, the outer on the veins; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing greyisli ochreous uniformly suffused with fuscous except costal area ; cilia pinkish at base, whitish at ti])s ; tiic under- side ochreous white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with fuscous, faint traces of a curved postmedial line, some black points on termen often present. Hah. Hawaii, Honolulu (Blackhume), Id', 1 $ , Lauai (Perkins), 2 c? type, Halcakala, 1 5 . Exp. 42-44 millim. 496 N0CTUIDJ5. //■'. Abflomen of male not clothed with woolly hair and without protrusible tufts from the stigmata. a^. Underside of wings of aiale clothed with silvery scales. a''. Hind wing of male on underside witli tlie exf,remity of veins 8 to 3 clothed with luug downturned hair. 1856. CirpMs laniata. Leucania laniata, Ilmpsn. J. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xi. p. 444, pi. A. f. 22 (1897). S . Head and thorax pinkish white mixed with some browu ; tegulse with three brown lines ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; abdomen pinkish white, dorsally tinged with fuscous, the ventral tufts black. Fore wing white, slightly tinged with pink Fig. 156. — C ir phis laniata, ^ . \. and irrorated with black ; a slight black streak below base of coll ; the veins defined by fine brown streaks ; the interspaces of terminal half streaked with brown ; the extremity of median nervure with a white streak ; a black point in lower angle of cell ; an indistinct postmedial series of black points, bent outwards below eosta, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; an oblique brown shade from termen just below apex, followed by a series of black points on veins 5-1 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, tinged with brown except towards base, costa, and inner margin ; cilia white, brownish at base from apex to vein 2. Underside of both wings brilliant silver except costal area, which is pinkish irrorated with black ; fore wing with postmedial black spot on costa and terminal series of points ; hind wing with discoidal point, the hair on apical area fuscous at base. Ilah. SiKHiM, 1800' {Dudgeon), 1 J type. Esp. 36 millim. li'. Hind wing of male on underside without downcurved liair on \eins 8 to 2. a®. Fore wing with dark streaks in inter- spaces of terminal area. a'. Fore wing with pale streak on ex- tremity of median nervure, hooked at lower angle of cell. a^. Fore wing with tiie costal area paler than ground-colour. w*. Fore wing witli black streak below base of coll. a'°. Hind wiug of male on under- side with the silver extending to termen inframicans. ciKriirs. 497 i'". Hind wing; of male on under- side witli tlie silver not ex- tending to ternien prycrl. l^. Fore wing with rufous streak below base of cell hcimifcra. c'. Fore wing without streak below base of cell eryptargyria. Ji'*. Fore wing with the costal area coueolorous. a^. Hind wing almost entirely suf- fused with fuscous deciaii^sima, fi\ Hind wing wliite slightly tinged with fuscous nel/uloKU. h'. Fore wing with the pale streak on median nervure not booked at lower angle of cell covgrua. If. Fore wing without dark streaks in interspaces of terminal area. u? . Fore wing with sliort white streak on extremity of median nervure. a**. Hind wing white, tlie veins tinged witli fuscous UKia. 6*. Hind wing almost entirely suffused with fuscous iiifnirgyrea. IP . Fore wing with yellow spot with black point on it at lower angle of cell ... siihsiynafa. c'. Fore wing with minute white point at lower angle of cell sunplex. 1857. Cirphis inframicans. Leucania inframicans, Hmpsn. 111. Het. B. M. ix. p. 00, pi. IGl. f. 2 (1893) ; id. Moths Tnd. ii. p. 270. Head and thorax violaceous grey mixed with some brown ; tegulsB with three dark lines ; mid tibiae with black streak on outer side ; abdomen whitish dorsally tinged with brown, the ventral tufts black. Fore wing violaceous grey ; the costal and inner areas irroratcd with black, the cell and area below it suffused with pale ■ golden brown ; a blackish streak in base of submedian fold and an oblique streak above inner margin before middle ; the terminal half of median nervure streaked with white, slightly defined by black above, and with a small hook on discocellulars ; veins 3, 4 also streaked with white, the interspaces above them with fine black streaks and vein 2 irroratcd with black ; faint traces of a post- medial line strongly bent outwards below costa, then very obliquely curved ; a pale oblique streak from apex and an ill-defined rufous patch between veins 4 and 2 ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing white, tlie terminal area tinged with fuscous from apex to vein 2. Underside with the disk of fore wing in male and the hind wing except basal and inner areas suffused with silver scales, a postmedial black point on fore wing and a terminal series ; female with the fore wing and costal and terminal areas of hind wing tinged with pinkish and irroratcd with brown. Uah. Punjab, Almorah (Buys), 1 cJ , Manpuri, 1 J ; Cevlon, VOL. V. 2 K 498 noctuib.t:. Pundaloya (6?>*em), 1 (^ type; Lr. Bdrma, Thayetmyo (Watson), 1 d , 1 5 . Exp. 40 millim. ]858. Cirphis pryeri. (Plate XCI. fig. 31.) Leucania prycri, Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1900, p. 128. (S . Head and thorax pale violaceous grey mixed with some brown ; tegulse with two brown lines ; patagia with some fuscous on outer side and a few black scales near upper edge ; mid tibiae with black streak on outer side ; abdomen ochreous white, the ventral tufts black. Fore wing pale violaceous grey ; the costal and inner areas irrorated with a few black scales ; an olive-brown shade from base through the cell and thence obliquely to apex ; a black streak below base of cell and an oblique streak above inner margin before middle ; the terminal half of median nervure streaked with white, slightly defined by black above and below and slightly hooked on median nervure ; the veins of terminal area streaked with white, veins 4 and 3 more prominently ; the veins defined by, and the interspaces with, fine dark streaks, those above veins 4, 3, 2 more prominent and black ; an obli(jue whitish fascia from apex to vein 2, the area beyond it rather darker ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing whitish tinged with fuscous, the terminal half darker from costa to vein 2. The underside pinkish white ; fore wing with the disk suffused with scattered silvery scales, hind wing with the disk suffused with silver scales, leaving the costal and terminal areas pinkish, Hab. Japan, Yokohama (Pryer), 1 c? , type. Exp. 38 millim. 1859. Cirphis hamifera. Leucania hamifcra, Wlk. Journ. Liiin. Soc, Zool. vi. p. 179 (1862) ; Hnipsn. Moths Ind.' ii. p. 270. Leucania mibnitens, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 218, pi. vii. f. 1. Head and thorax pale ochreous brown ; tegulge with three dark lines ; mid tibiae with black streak on outer side ; abdomen white, with a slight ochreous tinge. Pore wing violaceous white, tinged with ochreous except on costal area ; a prominent red-brown shade from base through the cell to apex, at base extending to below the cell ; the costal and inner areas slightly irrorated with fuscous ; a white streak on terminal half of median nervure, very slightly hooked on discoeellulars, veins 4 and 3 also streaked with white ; the veins of terminal half defined by sliglit red-brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with red-brown ; an oblique ochreous shade from apex ; a terminal series of black points ; the postmedial line sometimes represented by some black points or traces of a dentate line bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique and angled inwards in submedian fold ; cilia intersected with Avhite. Hind wing white, the terminal area tinged with brown from apex to vein 2, extending below the cell to origin of ciKniis. 499 vein 2. Underside of male with the disk of fore wing and the hind wing except base and inner area suffused with silver ; female with the fore wing and costal area of hind wing pale rufous irrorated with brown. Hah. BuKMA, Bhamo, 1 S type suhnitens ; Borneo, Sarawak ( Wallace), 3^,2$. Exj;>. 42 millim. *1860. Cirphis cryptargyrea. (Plate XCI. fig. 32.) Leucania cryptargyrea, Betb.-Baker, A. M. N. H. (7) xv. p. 197 (1905). cS . Head ochreous mixed with fuscous ; tegulae grey, with three fuscous lines ; prothoracic crest grey and fuscous ; thorax ochreous tinged with rufous ; tegulte fuscous and purplish on outer edge and with some black scales near upper edge ; legs with some fuscous streaks ; abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged with brown, the dorsal crest black at tips, the ventral tufts deep black. Fore wing ochreous tinged with rufous, espeiially in cell, and irrorated with black chiefly on costal and inner areas : the costal area whitish ; antQ- raedial line represented by traces of black points oblique from costa to submcdian fold, then with a more prominent point nearer base on vein 1 ; reniform represented by an indistinct pale lunule ; postmedial line represented by a double series of black points connected by traces of a dentate line, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; a diffused, oblique, pale fascia from apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous, the inner area whitish ; cilia white, ochreous at base. Underside of fore wing brilliant silver from before middle to near termen except on costal area, where there is a postmedial fuscous spot ; hind wing brilliatit silver from before middle to termen except on inner area, some black points on termen. Hah. Br. New Guinea, Dinawa (Pratt), type f J in Coll. Bethune-Baker. Exp. 50 millim. 1861. Cirphis decisissima. Leiicania, decmssima, W\k. xxxii. 624 (1865); Butl. 111. Het. B. M. vi. p. 32, pi. 109. f. 6 ; Hi.ipsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 2(;9. Leucania vurohi, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 109. f. 9 (1874). Lemania pulchra, Snell. Midd.-Sum., Lep. iv. p. 41, pi. 4. ff. 3, 4 (18S0). Leucania lanceata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 340. Head and thorax rufous mixed with pale ochreous ; abdomen ochreous dorsally tinged with brown, the ventral tufts black. I'oro wing ochreous ; the veins defined by rufous and the interspaces streaked with rufous ; subbasal line represented by a black point on costa, the antemedial line by a curved series of points on the veins ; a white streak on terminal half of median nervure ending in a small hook on discocellulars, a black point in lower angle of cell and a small fuscous patch beyond the angle ; veins 4 and 3 less prominently streaked with white ; postmedial lino represented by a series of black points on the veins, sometimes conjoined by traces of a crenulate line, bent outwards below costa, excurvcd to vein 4, 2 k2 500 N0C'rtriD/i5. where it is met by an oblique dark shade from apex, then oblique; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous suffused with fuscous except on basal and costal areas, the cilia ochreous. Underside of male suffused with silver except costal and terminal areas of fore wino: and basal and inner areas of hind wing; of female ochreous irrorated with black, fore wing with postraedial Cuji/ut' decisissima, (^ . \. (From Moths Ind. vol. ii.) black point on costa and curved line diffused outwards and not reaching inner margin, Lind wing with postmedial and terminal series of black points. Hah. SiKHiM (Fotheringham), 5 c^ type ; Assam ; Kilgiris {Hampson), 3 S ; Ceylon, 2 c?, 2 $ , type hnceata ; Burma, Hsipaw (De Niceville), 2 S , Tenasserim, Donat Hills (De Mceville), 1 c? ; Andamans ; Singapore {Ridley), 1 J , 1 $ ; Scmatra ; Pulo Laut (DoJierti/), 3 J , 1 2'-, ^^w Guinea. Exj3. 34-42 millim. 1862. Cirphis nebulosa. (Plate XCII. fig. 4.) Leucania nebulosa, Hmpsn. Ann. S. Al'r. Mus. ii. p. 274 (1902). Head and thorax pale ochreous yellow slightly tiuged with rufous ; tegula; with two slight dark lines ; patagia with a few black scales near upper edge ; abdomen oclireous white, the ventral tuft of male black. Fore wing ochreous yellow slightly irrorated with black and with diffused rufous streaks in the interspaces ; median nervure with whitish streak ; a black point in lower angle of cell usually present, and sometimes a slight black mark beyond the angle ; traces of a brown antemedial line angled inwards on median nervure and vein 1 ; an indistinct brown postmedial line bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, with a series of black points beyond it in the interspaces ; a slight oblique dark shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing yellowish white, with a pinkish tinge on medial terminal area, the veins crossing it darker. Uiiderside of male suffused with silvery scales except costal and terminal areas of fore wing, a black postmedial point on costa of fore wing beyond middle and a terminal series on both wings. Bah. Br. E. Africa, Machnkos (Cra wsJiay), 1 2 ; Germ. E. Africa, Dar-es-Salem, 1 c? ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), 1 S type; Mauritius, Curepipe {TuUoch}, 1 ^ ,1 $. Exj).3Q millim. 501 18G:3. Cirphis congrua. Nortna conqrua, Hiibn. Samnil. Eur. Sclimelt., Noct. f. 016 (1827) ; Herr.- Scliaff. Ear. Schmett., Noct. if. 357, ;^60 ; Staucl. Cat. Lep. pul. p. ]!)2. Leticania amnicola. Eainb. Aun. Sci. Obs. 1829, p. 162, pi. 6. f. 5, and Ann. Soe. Ent. Fr. 1832, p. 289, pi. 9. f. 2 ; Dup. Lep. Fi-., Suppl. iii. p. 336, pi. 31. f. 2 ; Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 334. Head and thorax ochreous with a flesh-coloured tinge and mixed with brown, especially on tegula;, which have three brown lines ; abdomen brownish ochreous, ventrally irrorated with black, the ventral tufts of male black. Fore wing ochreous, sparsely irrorated with black on costal and inner areas ; the veins whitish defined by fine brown streaks, the interspaces also with fine brown streaks ; the white streak on median nervure expanding into a small spot at lower angle of cell; the postmedial line represented by black points on veins 5 and 2 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing whitish, suffused with fuscous except towards base and costa. Underside of male suffused with silvery-wliite scales except costal area of both wings and cell of fore wing, some dark points on termen ; of female the fore wing and costal area of hind wing pale flesh-colour. Hah. S. France, Leech Coll. ; Spain ; Corsica ; Italy; Sicily ; Dalmatia, Leech Coll. ; Armenia; Palestine. Exjy. '6'6 mWYim. Larva. On Maize. 1864. Cirphis usta. (Plate XCII. fig. 5.) Leii/^ania usta, Hmpsn. Ann. S. Afr. Mas. ii. p. 274 (1902). Head and thorax grey mixed with brown, and usually tinged with flesh-colour or rufous ; abdomen greyish or pale rufous, The ventral tufts black. Fore wing greyish or flesh-colour irrorated with fuscous ; the costal edge whitish ; a punctiform fuscous ante- medial line angled outwards in submedian fold ; a more or less ])rominent white streak on extremity of median nervure usually continued on vein 4 ; a black point in lower angle of cell ; a slight flesh-coloured discoidal lunule ; a punctiform postmedial line or series of points, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; a more or less prominent oblique flesh-coloured fascia from apex to vein 5, and often a subterniinal patch on vein 4 ; traces of a (lark subterminal line angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at midiUe ; a terminal series of black points ; a fine white line at base of cilia. Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins a)ul termen tinged with brown, or the whole terminal half suffused with brown. Underside sliglitly suffused with silvery scales ; hind wing with some fuscous irroration on costal area, usually a postmedial series of dark striaj on the veins and some terminal points. J/ah. Br. E. Africa, Alls (Betton), 1 J; Natal, Weenen, 1 $, Estcourt (I/utcliinson), 1^,1$, type; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barren), 1 d , 2 5 . Exp. 32-36 millim. 502 KOCTUIDJE. 1865. Cirphis infrargyrea. Lettcania infrargyrea, Saalin. Lep. Madag. p. 256, £. 158 (1891). c? . Head and thorax rufous mixed with ochreous, some black scales near upper edge of patagia : abdomen pale rufous, the tufts at base black. Fore wing ochreous, suffused with rufous and irrorated with black, a yellower tinge in and beyond end of cell ; traces of an antemedial series of black points oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; a short white streak on extremity of median nervure, with a black point above it in lower angle of cell ; a rather ill-defined double postmedial series of points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; the subterminal line only defined by the area beyond it being darker, arising from apex, excurved at middle and angled inwards in discal and submedian folds ; a terminal scries of black points. Hind wing yellowish white, suffused with fuscous except basal and costal areas. Underside suffused with golden silver except costal area of both wings and termen of fore wing, which are whitish irrorated with black ; fore Aving with postmedial black spot on costa ; both wings with terminal series of black points. $ . .Fore wing not irrorated with black, and with the series of points almost obsolete ; the underside pinkish irrorated with fuscous, Hah. Madagascar; Mauritius, Curepipe {Tulloch), 2 d , 1 $. Exp. 30 millim. 1866. CirpWs siibsignata. (Plate XCII. fig. 6.) Leucania suhsignata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 336; Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 272. Head and thorax ochreous tinged with rufous ; abdomen reddish ochreous, ventrally irrorated with black, the tufts of male black. Fore wing ochreous, suffused with rufous and sparsely irrorated with black ; some antemedial black points with traces of a waved line between them, excurved in and below cell and angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform indistinct, ochreous, the former with central daik point, the latter with point in low^er part and a small fuscous patch beyond it ; a postmedial series of black points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, connected by traces of a highly crenulate line ; a slight, oblique, dark shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pale yelloAvish suffused with fuscous except basal, inner, and costal areas. Underside of both wings of male pale rufous, with a slight silvery gloss except on costal area of both wings, Avhich are irrorated with brown, fore wing with a black postmedial point on costa ; of female without the silvery gloss, a curved postmedial series of points on hind wing. Hah. Punjab, 2 S , 1 2, type, Kulu, Sultan])ore {G. Young'), 2 c? , 5 ? , Simla {Harford), 1 J , 1 $ • ^'ly- 30 millim. 503 1867. Cirphis simplex. (Plate XCII. tig. 7.) Leucania simplex. Leech, Trans. Eat. Soc. 1889, p. 130. Head, thorax, and abdomen oclircous tinged with rufous, the last with the ventral tufts of male black. Fore wing ochreous suffused with rufous, and irrorated with a very few black scales ; the autemedial line represented by dark points on median nervure and vein 1 ; a slight pale point at lower angle of cell, and a dark shade beyond the angle connected with a triangular shade from termen below apex ; a curved postmedial series of black points on the veins. Hind wing ochreous whitish, suffused with fuscous brown except on basal, costal, and inner areas. Under- side of male suffused with silvery scales except costal area of fore wing, a black postmedial point on costa of fore wing and a terminal series on hind wing ; female ochreous white irrorated wath brown, some fuscous suffusion on veins of fore wing beyond middle. Hub. C. China, Chang-Tang (Pm«), 1 S type, Kiukiang(P/-«<0> 1 $ , Ship-y-shau, 1 S ; Assam, Khasis, 1 d . E.q^- ^-"^^ millim. b*. Underside of wings of male not clothed with silvery scales, a'. Fore wing with dark streaks in the inter- spaces of terminal area, a". Fore wing with the white streak on median nervure hooked on disco- cellulars. a". Fore wing with the streak on median nervure short and strongly hooked... pnixiiua. W. Fore wing with the slreak on median nervure long and slightly hooked, a**. Fore wing with oblique pale fascia between veins 5 and 2 beyond the fascia from apex l-alhiim. !)''. Fore wing without pale fascia be- tween veins 5 and 2 beyond the fascia from apex cdhiccnata. b^. Fore wing with the white streak on median nervure not hooked on disco- oellulars. a". Fore wing with the ground-colour purplish pink. cc^. Fore wing with pile streak in Iowcm- part of cell •• rufipennix. //. Fore wing without pale streak in lower part of cell duidicata. b'. Fore wing with the ground-colour grayish, a*. Fore wing with the costal area palo dofinod by brown below, a". Hind wing sutfused with fuscous, albkoda. h\ Hind wing white yulyrahda. b". Fore wing with the costal area concolorous mtcacea. 504 idOCTTJiua:. I*. Fore wing witliout dart streaks in inter- spaces of terminal area. a'^. Fore wing with the cilia not pink. a''. Fore wing slightly irrorated with black circulus, v. Foi'e wing very strongly irrorated with black Jlavostigma. h^. Fore wing with the cilia pink inornata. 1868. Cirphis proxima. (Plate XCII. fig. 8.) Leucania ■prox'una, Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1900, p. 124. $? . Head and thorax pale brown mixed with grey; palpi blackish at sides ; tegulse with three dark lines ; patagia with some blackish on outer side and some black scales near upper edge ; abdomen ochreous brown. Fore wing ochreous brown sparsely irrorated with black ; a black streak below basal half of cell traversing a pale patch except towards base ; an oblique black streak above inner margin before middle; antemedial line ill- defined, irregular, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; a short white streak on end of median nervure, prominently hooked on discocellulars ; the veins of terminal area streaked with white, veins 4 and. 3 more prominently; post- medial line bent outwards below costa, then indistinct, dentate, oblique below vein 4 and angled inwards in submedian fold, where it is connected with the antemedial line by a blackish streak ; an oblique pale fascia from apex to vein 2, with short black streaks before it towards costa and beyond it at middle, the area beyond it darker, with dentate ochreous marks defined by black on veins 4 and 3 ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia brown, with fine ochreous line at base. Hind wing pale, nearly uniformly suffused with brown, the cilia whitish, with brown line through them ; the underside white irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal point, postmedial series of shorC streaifs on the veins, and terminal series of points. Hah. W. China, Ni-tou, 1 $ , type. Exp. 38 millim. 1869. Cirphis l-album. Noctua l-aUnm, Linn. Sjst. Nat. sii. p. 8.50 (1767) ; Esp. Sehniett. iv. pi. 90. f. 4; Hiibn. Enr. Schmett., Noct. f. 227; Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 70, pi. 105. f. 2; Hmpsn. Moths Inil. ii. p. 270; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 192. Leucania Imtrigain, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 334. LeucaniapeniciUaia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 335. Head and tnorax ochreous slightly tinged with olive and mixed with fuscous ; frons with dark bar ; tegulse with three dark lines ; patagia with some black scales near upjier edge ; abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged and vontrally irrorated Avith fuscous, a sublateral series of black spots, the ventral tufts of male black. Fore wing ochreous largely suffused with olive-brown, especially from base through the cell and Ihence obliquely to apex and on terminal area; the costal and inner areas irrorated with black; a black ciRrnis. 505 streak below base of cell and an oblifjue streak on inner area before middle ; a prominent white streak on terminal part of median nervure, hooked on discocellulars ; the veins of outer area streaked with white and defined by fine brown streaks, veins 4 and 3 more prominently white ; an oblique fascia from apex to vein 2, ochreous to vein 5, then whiter with slight black streaks before it above vein 6, then crossing it and extending to an oblique ochreous bar from below vein 5 to vein 2 ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia whitish, with three brown lines through them ; the antemedial line sometimes represented by an oblique series of points on costa, below cell and in submedian fold, then one nearer base on vein 1 ; the postmedial line often represented by a portion bent outwards below costa, then by an obliquely curved series of points, incurved in submedian fold. Hind wing ochreous more or less suffused with fuscous brown, the veins brown : the cilia white, with a brownish line through them ; the underside white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal point, postmedial and terminal series. Hah. France, Sand Coll. ; Geemany, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; Hungary, Leech Coll. ; Switzerland, Frey Coll. ; Italy, Capri (C. S. Browae); Algeria; W. & C. Asia; Pdnjab, Kulu, Sultanpore (G. Young), 2 6 , Simla (SivinJioe, Harford), 2 c? , 1 $ , ty ])e penicillata, Dalhousie, 1 $, Thundiani (I'^e/'iro-w), 2^,1 $, Dharmsala (Hoclcinq), 3 c5' , 3 $ ; Sikhim (Lidderdale), 1 § . Exj). 36-40 millim. Larva. Kirby, Eur. Butt. & Moths, p. 162. Flesh-coloured, with a double dark dorsal line and two dark green lateral stripes on each side. Food-plants, Grasses. Spring and July. 1870. Cirphis albivenata. (Plate XCIL fig. 9.) Leurania aJhivenatct, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 217, pi. 7. f. 7 ; Hmpen. Moths Ind. ii. p. 279. S . Head and thorax violaceous grey tinged with red-brown ; ])alpi fuscous; sides of frons with black bar; teguUe with three brow^n lines ; patagia with a few black scales near upper edge ; mid and hind tibite and tarsi streaked with black ; abdomen grey, dorsally tinged with fuscous, the anal tuft and ventral surface with oclireous, the abdominal tufts grey and fuscous. Fore wing purplish grey, the costal and inner areas irrorated with fuscous, the costal edge brown ; a black streak on base of median nervure and an oblique streak above inner margin before middle ; a brown shade through the cell and thence obliquely to apex, leaving a fine white streak in lower part of cell ; the costal nervure and veins arising from it, the median nervure and veins 4, 3 streaked with white defined by fine dark streaks, the interspaces with fine streaks, more prominent and blackish above veins 4, 3, 2 ; an oblique pale fascia from apex to vein 3, the area beyond it rather darker ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia intersected with w'hito. Hind wing 506 NOCTUID^. whitish tinged with fuscous, especially on veins and towards termen ; cilia whitish ; the underside violaceous white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal spot, post- medial series of short streaks on the veins, and terminal series of points. $ much more tinged with red-brown. Hah. SiKHiM, 1800 feet {Dmlyeon), 2 S ; Assam, Naga Hills (Doherty), 1 $ ; Burma, Bhamo, i 5 type. Exj). 32-3-1 millim. *1871. Cirphis rufipennis. (Plate XCII. fig. 10.) Leucania rufipennis, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 276 (1894). S . Head and thorax bright pinkish red ; palpi and frons at sides red-brown ; tegulae with three dark lines ; abdomen dark brown, the sublateral tufts brown, the anal tuft yellowish. Fore wing purplish pink, the cell and area just below it redder; the costal area pale towards base ; the veins finely streaked with yellowish white, the median nervure except towards base and veins 4, 3 more prominently streaked ; a pale streak in lower part of cell ; an oblique pale fascia from apex to vein 3 ; antemedial line represented by a black point in submedian fold, the postmedial line by traces of a series of points most distinct on costa and vein 2. Hind wing brown, the cilia with a pale line at base. Underside of fore wing blackish, the marginal areas pinkish irrorated with black ; hind wing pale tinged with brown-pink and irrorated with black, a discoidal spot, postmedial series of points on the veins, and some points on termen. Hah. Manipur, Mao, 7000 feet (DoJiertij), type t d in Coll. Elwes. Ea'j). 36 millim. 1872. Cirphis duplicata. (Plate XCII. fig. 11.) Leucania prominens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 339 (iiec Wlk.) ; Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 279. Leucania, duplicata, Butl. 111. Het. B. M. vii. p. 8 (1889). Leucania rufula, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 278 (1894). Head and thorax whitish tinged with purplish pink, especially on thorax ; sides of palpi and frons brown ; tegulse with three brown lines ; abdomen pinkish, dorsally tinged with fuscous, the abdominal tufts of male grey and fuscous. Fore wing pale pink ; a red-brown shade from base in and below cell and thence obliquely to apex ; a brown streak on each side of vein 1 except towards base ; an oblique dark streak above inner margin before middle ; the veins streaked with white, defined on each side by slight brown streaks except on costal area ; the median nervure, except towards base and veins 4, 3, with more prominent streaks ; an oblique palo pink fascia from apex to vein 2, the area beyond it browner ; the sub- basal line represented by obliquely placed black points below costa and in submedian fold ; the postmedial line represented by some black points, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; ciRrnis. 507 a terminal series of black points usually present. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia pale rufous, whitish at tips. Underside of fore wing fuscous, with tlie costal and terminal areas pinkish ; hind wing pinkish irrorated with black, a discoidal spot, postmedial series of slight streaks on the veins, and terminal series of points. Hah. PirajAB, Kulu, Sultanpore {G. Young),! $, Dharmsala (Hocking), 2 S , 5 $ , type dupUcata ; Sikhim (Liddenlale), 2 J type 2'>rominens ; Assam, Khasis, 4 cJ , 1 $ , type rufula. Exj). 32- 42 millim. 1873. Cirphis albicosta. (Plate XCII. fig. 12.) Leiieania albicosta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 338, pi. 37. f. 10; Ilmpsn. Moths lud. ii. p. 279. Leiicania nigrilineosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 103 (1882). Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-white mixed with brown and very slightly tinged with purple ; tegulae with two brown lines ; abdominal tufts of male grey and fuscous. Fore wing pale grey with a slight purplish tinge ; a reddish-brown shade from base in and below cell and thence obliquely to apex ; a slight dark streak below base of cell and an oblique streak above inner margin before middle ; the veins streaked with white and defined by fine brown screaks, the interspaces of terminal area also with dark streaks, the median nervure except towards base and veins 4, 3 more prominently white ; the antemcdial line represented by slight obliquely-placed black points below costa and in submedian fold, the postmedial line by some black points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; an oblique pale fascia from apex to vein 2, the area beyond it browner ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, especially on veins and terminal half; the cilia whitish; the underside pale, slightly tinged with purplish and irrorated with black, a small discoidal spot, postmedial series of slight streaks on the veins, and terminal series of points. Ab. 1. Fore wing more uniformly suffused with red-brown, the pale fascia from apex slighter. Hah. Japan, Oiwake (Fryer), 1 $ ; W. China, Washan (Pratt), 1 (5 ; Kashmir, Narkundah (McArtlmr), 1 $ ; Punjab, Ivulu, Sultanpore (G. Young), 1 (S ,\ $ , Simla (Harford), 3 § , Dalhousie (Harford), 1 d" , 1 $ , Dharmsala (HocJcing), 6 S, 4 $ , type; 8iKHi5i Tibet, Tatong (Hobson), 1 § ; Sikhim; Bhutan. Exjj. 36-40 millim. 1874. Cirphis polyrabda, n. sp. (Plate XCII. fig. 13.) Leucania albicosta, Hmpsn. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. il. p. 273 (1902), nee Moore. cJ . Head and thorax grey-white mixed Avith brown and with a very slight purplish tinge ; palpi brown at sides ; tegula; with three dark lines ; mid and hind tibia) and tarsi streaked with brown ; abdomen grey mixed with brown, the ventral surface fuscous, the 508 noctuid.t:. abdominal tufts grey and blaclc. Fore wing grcy-whitc with a slight purplish tinge ; a brown shade in and below cell and thence obliquely to apex ; the veins white defined by hue dark streaks, the interspaces of terminal area also with dark streaks, the median nervure except towards base and veins 4, 3 more prominently white ; an oblique dark streak above inner margin before middle ; the antemedial line represented by obliquely-placed black points below costa and in submedian fold, the postmedial line by some points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; an oblique pale fascia from apex to vein 2, the area beyond it rather browner ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing pure Avhite, the veins and termen slightly tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a postmedial series of slight streaks on the veins and a terminal series of points. llab. Natal, Estcourt {IJutcJtmson), 1 c? type. Exjy- 38 millim. 1875. Cirphis micacea. Leiwania micacea, Hmpsn. 111. Ilet. B. M. viii. p. 67, pi. 144. f. 8 (1S91) ; id. Moths Ind. ii. p. 279. Head and thorax grey-white with a slight purplish tinge : teguhe Avith three brown lines; abdomen ochreous white mixed with broAvn, the ventral tufts of male brownish and fuscous. Fore wing whitish with a slight purplish tinge ; the veins white defined by fine dark streaks, the interspaces of terminal half also with dark streaks, the median nervure except towards base and veins 4. 3 more prominently white ; an oblique dark streak above inner mai-gin before middle ; the antemedial line represented by obliquely-placed black points below costa and in submedian fold and one nearer base on vein 1, the postmedial line by some points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; an oblique pale fascia from ape.x to vein 2, the area beyond it rather browner ; a terminal series of black points, the cilia intersected with white. Hind wing semi- hyaline white, the veins and terminal area tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with fuscous, a postmedial series of slight streaks and terminal series of points. . The Ceylon form has the thorax and fore wing more suHiised with red-brown, the latter especially in and below cell and thence obliquely to apex. Hah. Bombay, Mahableshwar (Sivinhoe), 1 5 ; Madras, Nilgiris (llawjyson), 2 cf type; Ceylon, Dickoya {Green, Fairlie), 1 cf, 1 5 . Exp. 30 millim. *1S76. Cirphis circulus saalm. Ber. Senck. Ge.s. 1880, 5 . Head and thorax ochreous, tinged with rufous and with a few Leucania circulus, Saalm. Ber. Senck. Ge.s. 1880, p. 268 ; id. Lep. Madag. p. 260, f. 102. ciRPiiis. 509 black scales on patagia ; tegulse with dark medial lino; abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous, tinged with rufous especially beyond end of cell and slightly irrorated with black scales; a prominent black point in lower angle of cell, with small dentate fuscous mark beyond the angle ; a curved post- medial series of black points and a terminal series. Hind wing fuscous, the cilia reddish ochreous. Underside of fore wing with the cell and area just below and beyond it to postmedial series of points suffused with fuscous ; hind wing ochreous irrorated witli fuscous, and with some black points on termen. Hah. Madagascar, in Coll. de Joaunis. Exp. 22-30 millira. According to Saalniiiller the male has the hind wing fuscous and the female whitish, the former with abdominal tufts. 1877. Cirphis flavostigma. Xanthia flavostigma, Brem. Lep. Ost-Sib. p. 52, pi. 5. f. 11 (1864) ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 19-'{. Leucania shigukiris, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) i. p. 80 (1878) ; id. 111. Hot. B. M. ii. p. 22, pi. 28. 1'. 11. Head and thorax pale ochreous tinged with rufous and mixed with fuscous ; some black scales near upper edge of patagia ; abdomen ochreous dorsally tinged with fuscous, the ventral tufts of male black. Fore wing pale ochreous, more or less tinged with rufous, especially in, below, and beyond end of cell, and irrorated with black ; a black point at base ; an antemedial series of black points connected by an obsolescent dentate line, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform indistinct, yellowish, the latter with black point in lower angle of cell and whitish streak on extremity of median nervure, some fuscous suffusion above and below extremity of median nervure, thence curved upwards to termen belo^v apex; a post- medial series of black points connected by a crenulate brownish line, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; traces of a subterminal line excurved at middle and angled inwards at discal and submedian folds ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous yellow, suffused with fuscous except on costal area ; the underside glossy yellowish white, the costal area slightly irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal point, postmedial series of short streaks on the veins, and terminal series of points. The typical form from the Amur has tho ground-colour of foro wing white, the markings more ferruginous and contrasting ; hind wing with moro whitish on costal and inner areas. Hah. Amuuland, Ussuri ; Japan, Hakodate, 1 $ , Yokohama (Jonas, Pryer, Manley), 4 cJ , 5 5 , typo singularis ; Cokea, Gensan {Leech), 1 c? ; C. China, Kiukiang {Pratt), 1 5 5 Kashmir, Goorais Valley {Leech), 1 5 . E.vik 36-42 millim. 510 noctuim:. 1878. Cirphis inornata. Leucania flavostigma, var. inornata, Leech, P. Z. S. 1889, p. 482, pi. 50. f. 7. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous, the last with the tufts of male black. Fore wing ochreous, sparselj^ irrorated with black ; a short indistinct whitish streak on extremitj' of median nervure, with black point above it in lower angle of cell ; an indistinct postmedial series of black points, oblique below vein 4 ; a slight oblique brown shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia pink. Hind wing ochreous suffused with deep fuscous, the inner area rather paler ; cilia pink. Underside of fore wing whitish, with some fuscous suffusion in, below, and beyond cell, a terminal series of points ; hind wing ochreous whitish, with some pink suffusion on costa and terminal series of points. Hah. Japan, Gifu {Pn/er), 1 1^ type, Yokohama {Pryer, Manleij\ 2 $ . Exp. 36-40 millim. h'^. Abdomen of male normal. a^. Fore wing of male on underside with fringe of long hair and scales on vein 1. 1879. Cirphis tangala. Leucania tangala. Fold. Eeis. Nov. pi. 109. f. 12 (1874) ; Hinpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 280. Leucania, medlofusca, Hmpsn. 111. Het. B. M. viii. p. 68, pi. 144. f. 9 (1891). S . Head and thorax ochreous mixed with rufous, tegulae with ochreous line near tips ; abdomen ochreous tinged with rufous. Fore wing ochreous tinged with rufous, the costal and inner areas irrorated with a few dark scales ; the veins pale, defined by fine rufous Fig. 158.— Cirphis tangala, cT . \. streaks, the interspaces of terminal half streaked with rufous ; median nervure and veins 3, 4 more prominently streaked with white ; a rufous fascia above and below median nervure, continued above vein 4 to termen, towards which it expands somewhat ; an oblique dark streak above inner margin before middle, and some rufous suffusion on inner area towards tornus ; postmedial black points on veins 6, 5, 3, 2. Hind wing pale ochreous tinged with rufous, slight postmedial dark points on veins 6, 4, 3, 2 ; the underside with the costal area suffused with rufous. CTRrnis. 511 Ab. 1. niediofusca. Fore win■*. Fore wing without black patch beyond lower angle of cell rosciliiica. 512 NOCTTJID^. d?. Hind wiag pure wbite polemusa. i". Fore wing without black streak in base of sub- median told. al. Fore wing with distinct blackish shade below median nervure. a'^. Hind wing of male pale yellow secta. i"*. Hind wing whitish. a". Head and thorax rufous albifaficiata. b^. Head and thorax ochreous. a}°. Fore wing with short dark streak from lower angle of cell to the oblique pale fascia from apex ' abdomhialis. i^°. Fore wing with the dark shade from ter- nien extending to lower angle of cell. ci}^. Fore wing with vein 4 more prominently streaked with white lineaiipes. b^^. Fore wing with all the veins white de- fined by fine brown streaks. a}-. Hind wing ochreous white, the terminal area strongly tinged with brown cmteroclura. b^"^. Hind wing pure white, tlie terminal area not tinged with brown oregona. b'. Fore wing without distinct blackish shade below median nervure. «**. Fore wing with very prominent dark streaks in the interspaces. a^. Fore wing with two postmedial series of black points polysticha. h^. Fore wing with one postmedial series of black points rivorum. b'^. Fore wing with the dark streaks in the inter- spaces less prominent. a^. Fore wing with the ground-colour pinkish rufous. a^°. Hind wing pure white sarcistis. b^°. Hind wing with the termen tinged with brown calgaria na. f^°. Hind wing uniform fuscous sarcojjhwa. b^. Fore wing with the ground-colour ochreous or greyish. a^°. Fore wing with the oblique shade from termen dark brown and prominent jaliscana. b^°. Fore wing with the oblique shade from termen slight. a^^. Hind wing with the termen slightly tinged with brown. a^^. Fore wing with the postmedial line re- duced to points. a^^. Fore wing without small fuscous patch beyond lower angle of cell. a'*. Fore wing with the ground-colour greyish. a^^. Fore wing strongly tinged with rufous polystrofa. b^^. Fore wing hardly tinged with rufous, viicroslicha. i'**. Fore wing with the ground-colour ochreous. a^°. Fore wing whitish ochreous paUiseca. b^^. Fore wing deeper ochreous. a^®. Tegulaj with three dark lines hmnidicola. i*^ Tegulse with two dark lines instdicola. CIRPHIS. 513 i^*. Fore wing with small dark patch be- yond lower angle of cell compta. b^'^. Fore wing with the postmedial line waved megaproctis. * h^^. Hind wing with the terminal half suf- fused with brown. «!*. Fore wing with the ground-colour ochreous. a}^. Fore wing with the white streak on median nervure not expanding into a hook at lower angle of cell Juncicola. b^^. Fore wing with the white streak on median nervure expanding into a small hook at lower angle of cell inicrogonia. b^^. Fore wing with the ground-colour greyish. a}^. Fore wing with the white streak on median nervure not expanding into a spot at lower angle of cell. «'^ Fore wing with obHque pale fascia from apex riparia. b^^. Fore wing without pale fascia from apex deserticola. h^^. Fore wing with the white streak on median nervure expanding into a small spot at lower angle of cell insccufa. c^^. Hind wing wholly suffused with brown... postica. h^. Fore wing without dark streaks in the interspaces of terminal area, a'. Hind wing uniformly suffused with brown. o^. Fore wing with brown orbicular stigma sinuosa. h''. Fore wing without orbicular stigma, ft*. Fore wing with black streak below base of cell, w*. Fore wing without white fasciae above and below vein 6. a}°. Fore wing irrorated with black, a pro- minent terminal series of black spots ... andcreggi. b^°. Fore wing not irrorated with black, a ter- minal series of black points lineata. b^. Fore wing with white fascia; above and below vein 6 albm-adiata. 6*. Fore wing without black streak below base of cell phlebitis. 6", Hind wing wliite. a'. Fore wing with the veins defined by pi'o- minent fuscous streaks jordana. b''. Fore wing with the veins defined by fine brown streaks sicula. c'. Fore wing with the veins not defined by dark streaks alopecuri. c*. Fore wing with white point at lower angle of cell. a*. Fore wing with dark streaks in the interspaces of terminal area. rt^. Fore wing with black streak below base of cell. «7. Fore wing more or less completely suffused Willi fuscous irregularis. U . Fore wing not suffused with fuscous, a*. Fore wing witli well-defined blackish fiscia on median nervure cinercicoUis. Ifi. Fore wing witli some diffused fuscous on median nervure. V. 2 L 514 NocTtriD^. a^. Fore wing with the postnieclial line reduced to points. c'". Fore wing with the black streak below cell slight punctosa. V-°. Fore wing with the black streak below the cell distinct putrescens. b^. Fore wing with the postmedial line entire, dentate kerrichi. h^. Fore wing without black streak below base of cell. a'. Fore wing thickly irrorated with black phcea. IP . Fore wing not thickly irrorated with black. a?. Fore wing with the veins streaked with white. a". Genital tufts of male brownish leucosticha. W. Genital tufts of male yellow latiuscula. h^. Fore wing with the veins not streaked with white tritonia. ¥. Fore wing without dark streaks in the inter- spaces of terminal area, a^. Fore wing with the reniform absent. 0". Hind wing white, the terminal area more or less suffused with fuscous, a^. Fore wing with small black patch beyond lower angle of cell atrimacula. b^. Fore wing without black patch beyond lower angle of cell. aP. Fore wing with slight black streak below base of cell albistigma. b^. Fore wing without black streak below base of cell, c^". Fore wing with more or less developed fuscous fascia above or below median nervure putrida. b^°. Fore wing without fuscous fascia above or below median nervure. a'^. Fore wing without black point in lower angle of cell ~ecs. b^^. Fore wing with black point in lower angle of cell scirpi. b'' . Hind wing nearly uniformly suffused with fuscous, a'*. Fore wing with black point in lower angle of cell scirpi, var. 6". Fore wing without black point in lower angle [montium. of cell. a". Fore wing with the costal edge white ciliata. b^. Fore wing with the costal edge not white, a'". Fore wing without series of short black streaks bej'ond postmedial line, a^'. Fore wing with the postmedial line slightly incurved at discal fold fragilis. 6". Fore wing with the postmedial line not incurved at discal fold. a}'^. Fore wing not tinged with rufous o-paca. b^^. Fore wing tinged with rufous crenulata. Ji". Fore wing with series of short black streaks beyond postmedial line mesotrosta. i*. Fore wing with the reniform represented by a pale patch. a'. Fore wing with oblique dark streak from apex. %mipuncta. V . Fore wing without oblique dark streak from apex corrtigata. ciRPnis, 615 «?'. Fore wing without, white point at lower angle of cell or streak on median nervure. a^. Hind wing more or less uniformly suffused witli brown, a*. Fore wing with the orbicular represented by two black points, the reniform by four black points, arcupunciafa. ¥'. Fore wing with the orbicular represented by a dark spot. «". Fore wing with the reniform represented by a dark spot, a". Fore wing without brown fascia beyond lower angle of cell den ticiila. h!^. Fore wing with brown fascia beyond lower angle of cell jja.s/i-a. h'. Fore wing with the reniform absent yu. f". Fore wing with the orbicular absent or pale. (P. Hind wing whitisii suffused with brown, a'*. Fore wing with the reniform represented by a pale patch acmiinilu. h'*. Fore wing with the reniform absent wodcsta. IP . Hind wing uniform fuscous. «**. Fore wing without rufous streak on median nervure. a^. Hind wing ou underside with fuscous suffu- sion on inner half of wing mcfapluea. A". Hind wing on underside without Fuscous suffusion on inner half of wing, a^". Fore wing without black subbasal point on costa jjlac'uln. /»'". Fore wing with black subbasal point ou costa hypoplupn . h^. Fore wing with rufous streak on median nervure ruhrhecla. /fi. Hind wing white, the terminal area more or less tinged with brown, a". Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform absent. a". Fore wing without black streak below base of cell. a^. Fore wing with small red patch beyond end o f cell hranhi. A"*. Fore wing without small red patch beyond end of cell inconfpicua. U'. Fore wing with black streak below base of cell. «" Fore wing not suffused with grey-brown. a*. Fore wing without triangular dark shade from termen below apex mocoides. 6®. Fore wing with triangular dark shade from termen below apex falclandlca. h'*. Fore wing mostly suffused with grey-brown . remota. //'. Fore wing with the orbicular and reniform present quadranmdata. 1880, Cirphis goniosigma, n. sp. (Plate XCII. fig. 14.) S . Head and thorax ochreous mixed with reddish brown and black ; tegulrc with black line near tips ; abdomen with large ochreous genital tufts. Fore wing pale ochreous ; a reddish and black shade on median nervure and in cell from base to postmcdial line, at base extending to vein 1 ; a black point at base of costa ; 2l2 516 NOCTUIDiE. the antemedial line represented by a black striga from costa, a streak on subcostal nervure, and an obsolescent line towards inner margin, angled inwards on vein 1 ; a prominent white — J-mark on extremity of median nervure ; postmedial line represented by some black points on. the veins, bent outwards below costa^ then ob- liquely curved to middle of inner margin, another series of points beyond it, arising from the same point at vein 7, angled at vein 4, then oblique, and joined at vein 4 by a brown and black shade from termen below apex ; the terminal area with brownish streaks in the interspaces and white streaks on the veins ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing fuscous, ochreous towards base and inner margin ; the cilia ochreous ; the underside ochreous, irrorated with black and suffused near the curved black postmedial line. Hah. Cetlon, W. Haputale (Maclivood), 1 Castro Parana, type pampa in Coll. Schaus; Paraguay, Sapucay (Foster), 1 5. Exp. 38 millim. 1906. Cirphis sarcistis, n. sp. (Plate XCIII. fig. 2.) Leucania extincta, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Ilet. i. p. 261 (part.), uoc Gucn. S . Head and thorax pale flesh-pink, mixed with whitish and slightly with dark brown ; tcgulse with traces of two dark lines ; abdomen rufous, ventrally paler with some dark irroration. Foro Aving pale flesh-pink with slight dark irroration ; the veins whitish defined by tine brown streaks ; the interspaces of terminal half with brown streaks ; a black point in lower angle of cell ; a slight oblique dark shade from termon below apex. Hind wing 628 WOCTTTID^. semihyaline white, the inner area with some pale rufous hair ; the underside with the costal area tinged with ochreous and slightly irrorated with brown, some terminal black points from apex to vein 2. Hah. Costa Rica {Underwood), 1 S type, Godman-Salvin Coll. Exp. 38 millim. 1907. Cirphis calgariana. (Plate XCIIl. fig. 3.) Leucania calgariana. Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxv. p. 201 (1902) ; Djar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 163. S . Head and thorax pale pinkish rufous ; palpi more ochreous ; tegulte with three dark lines ; abdomen greyish ochreous, the anal tuft x'file ochreous. Fore wing pinkish rufous ; the veins streaked with white, the median nervure and veins 3, 4 more strongly, the median nervure with a slight dark shade below it ; the interspaces with fine rufous streaks ; a minute black point in lower angle of cell and postmedial points on veins 5 and 2 ; a very slight dark shade from termen below apex. Hind wing white, the veins and termen tinged with brown ; the underside tinged with pink, the costal area irrorated with a few black scales. Hah. Canada, Alberta, Calgary {Wolley-Dod), 2 J co-type. Exp. 42 millim. 1908. Cirphis sarcophsea, n. sp. (Plate XCIII. fig. 4.) S . Head and thorax rufous ; sides of palpi and frons blackish ; abdomen rufous dorsally suffused with black. Fore wing pinkish rufous sparsely irrorated with black ; the veins pale defined by rufous streaks, the interspaces of terminal half finely streaked with rufous ; a small black patch at lower angle of cell ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing uniform fuscous ; cilia rufous tinged with fuscous at base ; the underside rufous irrorated with black, a black discoidal spot and terminal series of points. Hah. N. Peetj, Hauncabamba, 2 c? type. Exp. 36-42 millim. 1909. Cirphis jaliscana. (Plate XCIII. fig. 5.) Leucania jaliscana, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. vi. p. 114 (1898) ; Dnice, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 568. (J . Head and thorax ochreous yellow ; tegulte with three dark lines, and purplish pink towards extremities ; the prothoracic and abdominal crests black and white ; abdomen ochreous yellow. Fore wing ochreous yellow, the veins defined by rufous streaks and with rufous streaks in interspaces ; antemedial line represented by three obliquely placed black points on inner half ; a white point at lower angle of cell on a diffused rufous patch ; a postmedial series of black points, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; a triangular rufous patch on termen below apex ; ciRi'His. 529 cilia fuscous brown. Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins and termeu slightly tinged with oclireous. Underside of fore wing with the subcostal nervure and veins beyond the cell to postmedial line streaked with black ; hind wing with the costal area slightly irrorated with black, some black points on apical half of termen. Hab. Mexico, Guadalajara, 1 d type f J in Coll. Schaus ; Cuba. Exp. 34 millira. 1910. Cirphis polystrota, n. sp. (Plate XCIII. fig. 6.) Head and thorax pale purplish red ; vertex of head whitish ; abdomen whitish dorsally tinged with ochreous brown. Fore wing ochreous suffused with pinkish brown and slightly irrorated with black; the veins white defined by slight brown streaks; the interspaces with fine brown streaks ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; a curved postmedial series of black points on the veins and a terminal series ; a slight oblique dark shade from termen. below apex. Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins and termen tinged with ochreous brown ; the underside with the costal area tinged with ochreous and slightly irrorated with brown, some black points on termen from apex to vein 2. Hah. Triniuad {Lady Broome), 1 § ; Brazil, Rio Janeiro, 2 S type ; Paraguay, fSapucay (Foster), 3 5 . ^.rp. 3-J:-38 millim. 1911. Cirphis microsticha, n. sp. (Plate XCIII. fig. 7.) Leucania extinda, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 261 (part.), nee Guen. Leucania soli/a, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Ain., Het. i. p. 2fi2 (nee VVlk.). Head and thorax whitish tinged with flesh-pink and slightly mixed with brown; tegulje with traces of two dark lines; abdomen ochreous whitish. Pore wing whitish tinged with flesh-pink and slightly irrorated with black ; the veins white defined by slight brown streaks; the interspaces with brown streaks, more prominent towards termen ; a black point below origin of vein 2 and another in lower angle of cell ; a postmedial scries of black points on the veins, sometimes connected by traces of a dentate line j a slight obli(|ue dark shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, female with the veins and termen tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area tinged with ochreous and slightly irrorated with brown ; some black points on termen from apex to vein 2. Hah. Mexico City (Hoer/e), 1 5; Costa Rica, Candelaria Mts. (Undericood), 1 J,l $ type, Godman Salvin Coll.; Panama, La Chorrera (Dolhij-Ti/ler), 1 j. A\v2>. 34-38 millim. J 9 1 2. Cirphis palliseca. (Plate XCIII. fig. 8.) LctKania paUiscca, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Miis. xsv. p. 203 (1902) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 163. VOL. v. 2 m 630 NOCTUIU.E. 5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish oclireous, tegulse usually with two or three slight dark lines ; patagia sometimes with some black scales near upper edge ; tibiae with blackish bands on the spurs ; abdomen with the ventral surface irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing whitish ochreous ; the veins white defined by fine rufous streaks, the interspaces also streaked with rufous ; the costal area slightly irrorated with black ; a black point below origin of vein 2 and another in lower angle of cell ; traces of a curved postmedial series of points, almost obsolete except on veins 5 and 2 ; a slight triangular brown shade from terraen below apex ; a terminal series of slight points. Hind wing white, the veins and termen tinged with ochreous ; the underside with the costal area tinged with ochreous and irrorated with brown, some black points on apical part of termen. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, Denver, 1 $ co-type, Durango (Oslar), 4 2 , N^ew Mexico, Albuquenjue (Oslar), 2 5 , Arizona, Jerome (Oshir), 1 $. Kcj^. 34-40 millim. 1913. Cirphis humidicola. (Plate XCIII. fig. 9.) Leucania humidicola, Guen. Noct. i. p. 90 (1852). Leucania extenuata, Gruen. Noct. i. p. i)0 (]8r)2). Leucania tayaudi, Guen. Noct. i. p. 9U (ISf)-). Leucania dorsalis, Wlk. re. 98 (1856). Leucania soiita, Uruce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 262 (part.), nee Wlk. Head and thorax ochreous, with a very slight rufous tinge ; frons with rufous bar ; tegulse with three dark lines and the tips fuscous and grey ; a few black scales near upper edge of patagia; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing ochreous ; the veins white defined by fine rufous streaks, the interspaces also streaked with rufous ; a black poiut below origin of vein 2 and another in lower angle of cell ; traces of a postmedial series of points usually almost obsolete, except those on veins 5 and 2 ; a triangular brown shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of slight points. Hind wing white, the veins and termen slightly tinged with ochreous ; the underside with the costal area tinged with ochreous and irrorated with fuscous, some black points on apical part of termen. Hah. Mexico, Jalapa {Trujillo), 1 $, Guerrero (H. H. Smith), 1 $ ; Guatemala (Chamjriou), 1 ^ , 2 $ ; Costa Eica {Underwood), 2 2 ; Panama, Bugaba {Chamjyion), 1 c? Godman-Salviu Coll., La Chorrera (Dolhij-TyJer), 3 (5; Cuba; Haiti {Tweedie), 2 $ type dorsalis; St. Lucia (Cowie), 1 $ ; Grenada (H. H. Smith), 2 c5' ; St. Vincent (H. H. Smith), 1 J ; Barbados (Frampton), 1 5 ; Teinidad, 1 $; Cayenne; Brazil, Amazons (Trail), 1 J, Para (Austen), 1 S -, Espiritu Sto., 1 2 » Petropolis (Doer), 1 5 , Organ Mts. (B. S. Wagner), 1 S ; Paraguay, Sapucay (Foster), 2 d" , 2 $ ; Argentina, Goya (Perrins), 1 § ; Peru, Callao (J. J. Waller), 1 J , 1 2 ' Exp. 32-40 millim. CIKPHI*. 631 1914. Cirphis insulicola. Le.ucania insidico/a, Giien. Noct. i. p. 82(1852). Leucania si)n2>laria, Saalm. Lep. Madag. p. 252, f. 160 (1891). Head and thorax ochreous tinged with rufous ; tegulte with two dark lines ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; abdo- men brownish ochreous, the dorsal crest blackish at tip. Fore wing ochreous ; the costal and inner areas slightly irrorated with black ; the veins whitish defined by fine brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with brown ; the antemedial lino represented by obliquely placed black points below cell and in submedian fold ; a black point in lower angle of cell ; a postmedial series of points, with traces of another series before them, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; an oblique pale fascia from apex defined by brownish above and below by the triangular brown shade from tcrmen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins and termen tinged with brown, especially in female ; the underside with the costal area tinged with ochreous and irrorated with brown, some black points on termen from apex to vein 2, Ab. 1. Fore wing with small fuscous patch beyond lower angle of cell and the terminal area darker. — Gambia, in Coll. de Joannis. Hab. S. Leone {Cator), 1 $; Gambia; Nigeria, Sapele (/SwrMp- so7i), 1 cJ , 12; Natal, Dui'ban (Gooch), 1 $; Madagascar; liouRBON, type t in Mus. Paris, iiliy. 34-36 millim. 1915. Cirphis compta. Leucania compta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 336, pi. 37. f. 8; Hmpsu. Moths lud. li. p. 272. Lrvcnnia caiiaraica, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 339. IjL'Ucania nefasia, Swiiih. Trans. Eiit. Soc. 1890, p. 219. Leucania stramen, Hmpsn. 111. Het. B. M. viii. p. 68, pi. 144. f. 2 (1891). Head and thorax ochreous tinged with rufous : teguite with two dark lines ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; abdomen ochreous, dorsally irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous, with a slight rulbus tinge in and beyond end of cell ; the veins whitish defined by fine reddish-brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with brown; the median nervure more pi'orainentlj' white, expanding towards extremity, beyond which there is a small fuscous patch; the antemcdial line usually represented by a black point below cell and oft^^n another nearer the base on vein 1 ; a postmedial series of black points bent outwards below costa and oblicjue below vein 4 ; an oblique pale fascia from apex, with a tri- angular dark shade below it from termen ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the termen tinged with ochreous brown from apex to vein 2; the underside with the costal and terminal areas tinged with ochreous, some black points on apical half of termen. JJah. Ganjam ; Bombay, Canara {Ward), 1 $ type canaraica; Madras, Xilgiris ( ffctmpson), 1 S type stramen; Ckvlon, Dickova nil 2 >32 N0CTUIBJ5. (Green), 3 S\ Bukma, Bhamo, 2 S type nefasta ; Singapoee {Eu/ley), 1 J; Borneo, Kuching (Shelford), 1 J. ^'^'p• 26-32 millim. 1916. Cirphis megaproctis, n. sp. (Plate XCIII. fig. 10.) S - Head and thorax ochreous white ; palpi hlackish at sides ; frons with black bar ; tegulae with two black lines and black tips ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge; legs irrorated with black, mid tibife with two black streaks, hind tibite with one, spurs banded with black ; abdomen ochreous white, a sublateral series of small black spots, the ventral surface irrorated with black. Fore wing ochreous white, the costal and inner areas slightly irrorated with black ; the veins white defined by fine fuscous streaks, the interspaces of terminal area also streaked with fuscous ; traces of an antemedial series of points oblique from costa to the submedian fold, where there is a more prominent point, then strongly angled inwards on vein 1 and outwards above inner margin ; a black point in lower angle of cell ; a postmedial series of black points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, partially connected by a crenulate line ; a very slight triangular fuscous shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the veins and termen tinged-Avith brown ; the underside with Ihe costal area slightly irrorated with black, a postmedial series of slight streaks on the veins and a terminal series of points from apex to vein 2. Bah. Ceylon, Haputale (Maclivood), 1 S type, Kandy {E. E. Green), 1 c5' • B^i'j). 30 millim. 1917. Cirphis juncicola. Lencavia pmcicola, Guen. Noct. i. p. S3 (18r)2) ; Smith, Cat. Noot. N. Am. p. 188." Helio2)hila adjiita, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 158 (1874). Head and thorax ochreous ; palpi with some black at sides: frons rufous below ; tegnlre with two pur])lish-fuscous lines with reddish behind them, the thoracic crest purplish at tips ; pectus purj)lish red RF Fig. I5d.— cirphis juncicola, (^. \. in front; abdomen ochreous dorsally tinged with reddish brown, the crest at base purplish fuscous at tij)s, ventrally slightly irrorated with black, the genital tufts large. Fore wing ochreous with slight cjKPiiis. 533 black irroratiou on costal area towards apex and on inner area towards tornus ; the veins whitish defined by rufous streaks ; the interspaces with rufous streaks, a slightly stronger rufous fascia below median nervure ; a black point bolow origin of vein 2 and another in lower augle of cell ; postmedial black points on veins 5 and 2, sometimes traces of a complete series and of a line bent out- wards below costa ; an oblique pale shade from apex ; a terminal scries of black points. Hind wing ochreous white, the veins and terminal area tinged with fuscous brown ; the cilia ochreous white; the underside with the costal and terminal areas slightly irrorated with black, a terminal series of black points on apical half. Hah. U.S.A., Alabama, 1 S type adjuta, Texas, 2 c? , 1 $ . Exp. 40 millim. 1918. Cirphis microgonia, n. sp. (Tlate XCIII. tig. 11.) Leucania cj-thicta, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 2(U (pari.), nee Guen. Leucania saleh'rosa., Druce, Biol. Oentr.-Aui., Het. i. p. 262 (nee Butl.). Head and thorax pale ochreous; palpi and frons tinged with brown ; tegulae with three brown lines ; patagia with a few black scales near upper edge ; abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged with brown, ventrally irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous, the cell and area just below and beyond it tinged with rufous ; the costal area whitish irrorated with black ; the veins white defined by fine rufous streaks, the interspaces also streaked with rufous ; the white streak on median nervure expanding into a slight hook at lower augle of cell ; a black point below origin of vein 2 and another in lower angle of cell ; a postmedial series of black points, bent out- wards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; an oblique pale fascia from apex and a triangular brown shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous white, the veins and terminal area suffused with brown ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with fuscous, some black points on apical part of termen. Hub. Mexico, Jalapa (Trujillo), 1 J, Coatepec (Brools), 1 J; GvxTEM\Li&. {Champion), 2 c? ; Panama, Bugaba {Chamjnon), 1 $, Chiriqui (Champion), 1 $ type, Godman-Salvin Coll. Kvp. 30-3G millim. 1919. Cirphis riparia. Leucania riparia, Ranib. Ami. Soc. Obs. 1829, p. 201. ]il. (). f. T) ; id. Ann. S.)c. Ent. Fr. 1832, p. 2SS, pi. !). f. I ; Diip. Lep. Fr., Supj)!. iii. p. 339, pi. 31. ff. 3 a, h; Ilerr.-Sfliair. Eur. Sclimett., Noel. fi". 3(l8, ai*!. 2 . Head and thorax white with a slight violaceous tinge, mixed with fuscous ; tegulue with a white line defined on each side by fuscous near base and a dark line defined by white above ; abdo- men ochreous white sliglitly tinged with brown. Fore wing whitish with a slight violaceous tinge; the veins white defined by fine brown 63-i NocTUiDJi:. streaks, the interspaces also streaked with brown ; a slight brown shade through the cell and thence obliquely to apex above an oblique pale fascia from apex defined below by a triangular brown shade from tcrmen : a rather indistinct postraedial series of black points, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia brownish intersected with white. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area suffused with brown; cilia white; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a discoidal point, postmedial series of short streaks on the veins, and some points on apical half of termen. Hah. S. France, Leech Coll. ; Corsica ; Italy ; Syria ; E. Siberia, TJssuri. Exp. 34 millim. *1920. Cirphis deserticola. (Plate XCIII. fig. 12.) Leuoania deserticola, Bartel, Iris, xv. p. 204 (1902). (S . Head and thorax ochreous white tinged with brown, the head and tegulae strongly tinged ; abdomen whitish tinged with brown and veutrally irrorated with black. Fore wing pale suft'ubed with reddish brown, the inner area slightly irrorated with fuscous ; the veins prominently streaked with white, the median nervure and veins 3, 4 rather more strongly so, defined by fine dark brown gtreaks, the interspaces also streaked with brown. Hind wing whitish suffused with fuscous brown, the veins and area between veins 4 and 6 rather more strongly so ; the underside white, the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a small discoidal lunule. Hab. Russia, Urals, co-type t in Coll. Piingeler. Erp. 38 millim. 1921. Cirphis insecuta, (Plate XCllI. fig. 13.) Leucania insecuta, Wlk. xxxii. 625 (1865). Leucania intermissa, Wlk. xxxii. (526 (1865). Leucania striata. Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1900, p. 127. Head and thorax ochreous with a rufous tinge ; frons and vertex of head with dark bars ; tegulae with three dark lines and greyish tips ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; abdomen ochreous dorsally tinged with fuscous, the claspers of male very large and with tufts of ochreous hair. Fore wing ochreous with a very slight reddish tinge in andbeyond end of cell ; the veins strongly defined by purple-brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with brown ; the subbasal line represented by a black point on costa, the antemedial line by points on costa, below cell, and on vein 1, the second furthest from base ; extremity of clavit'orm indicated by a black point ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line represented by a double series of black points, the inner in the interspaces, the outer on the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; a triangular brown shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous white, the veins, terminal and inner areas suffused with brown ; the ciiu'iiis. 535 underside whiter, with the costal and termiijal areas irrorated with browu, some black points on termeu from apex to vein 2. Hab. Japan, Hakodate, 1 5 , Yokohama {Fryer, Manley), 3 c? , 5 $ , type striata ; China, Shanghai, 2 $ type and type intermissa. Exp. 40-46 millim. *1922. Cirphis postica. (Plate XCVI. fig. 12.) Leiicania postica, Wilem. ined. S . Head and thorax ochreous white irrorated with pale brown ; abdomen whitish, dorsally tinged with ochreous except at base, ventrally irrorated with black. Fore wing ochreous white ; the veins defined by reddish-brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with red-brown ; an ill-defined ochreous-white fascia in submediau interspace and another in and beyond cell, then bent upwards to apex ; a black point in lower angle of cell and a terminal series. Hind wing ochreous white, almost entirely sufi'ased with fuscous brown ; cilia whitish ; the underside whitish irrorated with black, a slight discoidal lunule and terminal series of black points. Hah. Japan, Yokohama, tvpe t d in Coll. Wilemaii. Exj>. 32 millim. 1923. Cirphis simiosa. (Plate XCIII. fig. 14.) Leucania sinuosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 102 (1882) ; Hmpan. Moths Ind. ii. p. 273. Head and thorax ochreous mixed with dark reddish brown; tegulae with medial brown line and brown tips ; patagia with dark streak on outer edge ; legs streaked with brown ; abdomen brown, the anal tuft ochreous, the ventral surface irrorated with ochreous. Pore wing ochreous ; the costal area slightly irrorated with black ; a white streak on medial nervure interrupted at antemedial line and again near end of cell, where it has traces of a slight hook, defined by dark brown streaks with some rufous suffusion below it and sometimes also above it in cell, from lower angle of cell the dark brown fascia runs obliquely to termen below apex, towards which it expands into a triangular patch ; subbasal line represented by a black point on costa ; antemedial line represented by a black point on costa, then indistinct, irregular, oblique to submedian fold, and strongly angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform small, brown defined by dark brown, the former rather elongate ; postmedial line crenulate with black points on the veins, bent out- wards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique : a terminal series of small black lunules; cilia dark brown intersected with ochreous. Hind wing dark brown, the cilia ochreous with a brown line through them ; the underside ochreous irrorated with dark brown, a discoidal spot, sinuous postmedial lino with short black streaks at the veins, and terminal series of small s])ots. Hah. W. China, Washan (Pratt), 1 J ; Punjab, Kuhi, Sultanporo (G. Younff), 1 2 , l)harrasala(//o(7a'»'/), 1 J , 3 5 ; Sikhim {Lidder- dah), 4 $ type. h\vp. 38 millim. 536 kocxuidje. 1924. Cirphis andereggi. Leucania andereggii, Boisd. Gen. et Ind. Meth. p. 132 (1840); Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 32ti; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. l'J2. Leucania valesicola, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 440 (1852). Leucania cinis^ Frr. Neue Beitr. Sclimett. pi. 629. f. 3 (1858). Leucania rupica^na, Led. Wien. ent. Mon. 18()0, p. 284, pi. 7. f. 1. Agrotis ene/adincnsis, Mill. Eev. etMag. 1873, p. 3; id. Icones, iii. pp. 308, 4C6,pl.'l39. f. 2. Head and thorax pale olive-brown ; abdomen fuscous grey, the anal tuft tinged with rufous. Fore wing pale olive-brown irrorated with black ; the cell, the area below it, and apical part of costal area tinged with rufous ; the veins strongly streaked with white ; a prominent black streak below the cell from base to below origin of vein 2 ; an oblique black striga above inner margin before middle ; a slight black streak in lower angle of coll continued beyond the cell above and below vein 5 ; a terminal series of small triangular black marks. Hind wing fuscous ; the cilia pale brown with a dark line through them ; the underside grey tinged with fuscous. Ab. 1. cinis. Much darker; fore wing black-brown with the veins white. Ab. 2. engadinensis. Fore Aving witli the veins indistinctly streaked with grey, a curved diffused black postmedial line. This may j)rove to be a distinct species. Hub. France, Pyrenees ; Switzerland, Engadine, 2d', 1 $ ; Bosnia ; W. Turkestan, Issyk-Kul. Exp. 34 millim. 1925. Cirphis lineata. Leucania lineata, Ev. Bidl. Mosc. 1842, iii. p. 550; Herr.-Scbaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 368 ; Frr. Neue Beitr. Schmett. pi. 478. f. 1 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 192. Head and thorax brownish ochreous slightly mixed with black hairs ; palpi fuscous at sides ; abdomen greyish fuscous, the anal tuft brownish. Fore wing brownish ochreous irrorated with a few black scales ; the veins streaked with white, the median nervure and veins 3, 4 more strongly ; a prominent black streak below cell from base to origin of vein 2 ; a black streak in lower end of cell, continued beyond the cell above and below vein 5 ; a slight oblique brown shade from termcn below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous, the cilia ochreous ; the underside pale irrorated with black ; a small discoidal spot. Hab. Russia, Urals, 1 c? , 1 $ . Exj). 34 millim. 1926. Cirphis alboradiata, n. sp. (Plate XCIII. fig. 15.) J . Head and thorax white tinged with brown ; fore tibiae streaked with black ; the tarsi blackish ; abdomen grey tinged with fuscous. Fore wing brownish grey slightly irrorated with ciRPHis. 537 fuscous ; a black streak below base of cell ; median netvure streaked with white ; vein 4 below aud veins 6, 3, and 1 defined on botli sides by white ; a fine white line at base of cilia. Hind wing- whitish uniformly suffused with brown, the cilia white; the under- side whitish irrorated with brown. Hab. Patagonian Andes, Val de Lago Blanco, 1 (S type. Eocp. 30 millim. *1927. Cirphis phlebitis. (Plate XCIII. fig. 16.) Leucania phlebitis, rUiig. Soc. Ent. xix. p. 130 (1904). c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen brown mixed with grey. Fore wing grey-brown irrorated with durk brown, the basal and costal areas rather paler ; the inner margin whitish ; the veins finely streaked with whitish, the median nervure and veins 3, 4, and base of 5 rather more distinctly so ; some diffused slightly darker Irown above and below median nervure and beyond lower angle of cell. Hind wing pale suffused with brown, the veins and termen darker; cilia pale with a brown lino through them ; the underside whitish irrorated with browai. Hah. Mongolia, Aksu, type t in Coll. Piingeler. Exp. 38 millim. *1928. Cirphis j or dana. (Plate XCIII. fig. 17.) Leucania jordana, Bart. Iris, 1904, p. 158. Head and thorax ochreous with a slight rufous tinge ; sides of palpi and frons fuscous ; fore and mid tibiae and tarsi mostly fuscous ; abdomen with diffused fuscous dorsal bands. Fore wing ochreous with a very slight rufous tinge ; the veins whitish, very prominently defined by blackish streaks, the cell and submcdian fold also with blackish streaks. Hind wing whitish nearly uniformly suffused with fuscous ; the underside white. Hah. SrRiA, Jordan Valley, tyj^e t c? , $ in Coll. Bartcl. Exp., d 36, $ 42 millim. 1929. Cirphis sicula. Leucania sicula, Treit. Scbmett. Eur. x. 2, p. 90 083.5) ; Hcrr.-Schaff. Schmett. Eur., Noct. f. 340; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 191. Leucania cyperi, Boisd. Gen. et Ind. Meth. p. 133 (1840). Lexicania albivena, Grasl. Ann. Soe. Ent. Fr. 1852, p. 409, pi. 8. i. f. 1. Leucania fuscilinea, Grasl. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1852, p. 411, pi. 8. i. f. 2. Head and thorax ochreous ; palpi and tegulse irrorated with black ; antennae brown, except at base ; abdomen ochreous dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous si)arsely irrorated with black, the veins defined by fine brown streaks ; the median nervure white, a blackish streak Ijelow its basal half, a black point in lower angle of cell, and a diffused fuscous streak beyond the cell to half- way along vein 5. Hind wing white with some black j)oii)ts on termen, in female suffused with brown, especially on the veins and 538 noctuid.t;. terminal area. Underside of fore wing with some fuscous suffusion on disc ; hind wing with the costal area irrorated with brown. Ab. 1. alhivena, Fore wing with postmedial series of black points. Ab. 2. cyperi. Fore wing without the dark streaks. Hah. Belgium; S.W. Frah^ce ; Sardinia; Italy, Central and South, Capri (C. S. Browne), Sicily, Zeller Coll. Ea-^^. 32-3-i millim. 1930. CirpMs alopecuri. Lemanla alojKcuri, Boisd. Gen. et Ind. Meth. p. 132 (1840) ; Herr.-ScbafT. Eur. Schiuett., Noct. f. 369; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 191. (S . Head and thorax ochreous white mixed with brown ; abdo- men whitish slightly tinged with brown, the dorsal crest at base tipped with blackish. Fore wing ochreous suffused with brown, tending to form diffused streaks defining the whitish veins ; a white point at lower angle of cell and black point in angle ; traces of a curved postmedial series of points sometimes present ; a terminal series of poiuts. Hind wing white, the terminal area more or less tinged with ochreous brown ; the underside white, the costal area slightly tinged with brown and irrorated with fuscous, some black points on apical part of termen. II((b. S. liussiA, Sarepta {Christojjh), Zeller Coll.; ?E. Siberia. Ea-ji. 30-32 millim. 1931. Cirphis irregularis. Nonagria irregularis, Wlk. xi. 71- (1857); -Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 281. Leucania cxnosa, Snell. Tijd. v. Ent,. xx. p. 24, pi. 2. f. 13 (1877). Axj/lia ahstracta, Swinli. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 221, pi. vii. f. 13. Leucania sepidehralis, Lucas, P. Roy. Soc. Queer.sl. xv. p. 149 (1900). Head and thorax brown, more or less completely suffused with fuscous ; abdomen brownish grey, the basal crest dark. Foro wing ochreous brown, more or less completelj' suffused with fuscous ; a black streak below base of cell ; a fuscous fascia aloug median nervure, expanding beyond the cell to termen below ape.v and toruus ; some blackish streaks in the interspaces beyond upper angle of cell ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; traces of a waved postmedial line usually present, incurved below vein 4 and with series of black points beyond it on the veins ; an oblique black streak from apex bounding the dark area above ; a terminal series of black points usually present. Hind wing ochreous white, the terminal area tinged with brown or fuscous ; the underside with the costal area and termen tinged with fuscous. IJab. Punjab, Kangra, 1 (S > Burma, Moulmein (C'lerck), 1 2 type, llaugoon, 1 (5, Thayetmyo (Cory), 1 5» Bhamo, 1 5 type absitracta ; Prov. Wellesley (Ridley), 1 J ; Singapore (EkUey), 1 c? , 2 $; Borneo, 1 S '•, Java; Queensland, Brisbane (Turner), 1 J , 1 $ . Exp. 26-38 millim. CIKl'UIS. 539 1932. Cirphis cinereicollis. (Plate XCIII. fig. 18.) Leucania cinereicollis, Wlk. xv. 1659(1858). Leiicania xoUta, Di-uce, Biol. Centr-.-Aui., Het. i. p. '262 (part.), nee Wlk. Head aucl thorax ochreous ; palpi dark at sides ; tegulse with three dark lines ; patagia edged with dark scales above ; dorsal crests of thorax and abdomen dark at tips ; abdomen ochreous irroratcd with brown. Fore wing ochreous, tinged with rufous and irrorated with a few dark scales ; the veins whitish defined by fine brown streaks ; the interspaces with brown streaks ; a slight black streak below base of cell and a fuscous fascia on median nervure continued to termen above vein 4 ; a black point below origin of vein 2 ; a small white spot at lower angle of cell ; a curved post- medial series of black points on the veins and a terminal series ; an oblique brown shade from termen just below apex. Hind wing semihyaline white ; the underside with the costal area tinged with brown and irrorated with dark scales, the termen with a series of black points fi-om apex to vein 2. Hab. Costa Ric.\, Irazu {Ro(/ers), 2 S , Godman-Salvin Coll. ; Cuba. ; Guadeloupe, 1 (S ; Brazil, Petropolis (Doer), 1 § , Sao Paulo (D. Jones), 2 2; Paraguay, Sapucay (Fosfer), 8 J , "t 5 ; Argentina, Goya (Pen-ins), 1 (5,3 $, Florenzia (Wagner), 1 d . Type t in Mus. Oxon. E.vp. 34-48 millim. 1933, Cirphis punctosa. Simt/ra pu7ictosa, Treit. Sehinett. v. 2, p. 287 (1825); Fit. Neue Beitr. Schmett. pi. 406. f. 4 ; Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Sebuiett., Noct. f. 310 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 192. Head and thorax grey mixed with rufous ; abdomen ochreous white. Eore wing ochreous, largely suffused with rufous and with some fuscous irroration on costal and inner areas ; a more proraiuout rufous shade in, below, and beyond cell ; some fuscous irroration on median nervure and base of veins arising from it, the other veins slightly streaked with whitish ; a slight black streak below base of cell ; an indistinct highly dentate antemedial line, obsolete on costal area ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line black, bent outwards below costa, then represented by a series of points on the veins, oblique below vein 4 ; the terminal area deep rufous ; an oblique pale fascia from apex ; a terminal series of black points ; (;ilia intersected with white. Hind wing pure white, the terminal area slightly tinged with ochreous; the underside with the costal area irroratcd with brown; a terminal series of black points from apex to vein 2. Bab. S. France, Zcller and Leech Colls. ; Spain ; Sicily : Algeria ; Asia Minor, Pontus ; Syria ; W. Turke.stan, Turcomania, 1 $ . Exp. 32-38 millim. Larva. Mill. Icones. ii. p. 253, pi. 77. f. 10. Whitish with numerous fine dark lines ; dorsal area yellowish with fine dorsal line and prominent black subdorsal line interrupted between the segments ; head yellowish. Food-plants, Grasses. 4. 540 KOCT0IDJE. 1934, Cirphis putrescens. Noctua putrescens, Geyer, Samml. Eur. Sclimett., Noct ff. 730-1 (1827); Herr.-Sehaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 301, 327-8; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 192. Soclua boisduvcdi, Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. p. 79, pi. 105, f. G (1827). Head and thorax grej-ish, more or less tinged with ochreous and mixed with brown ; palpi blackish at sides ; tegulae with medial black line ; a black streak near ujiper edge of patagia ; abdomen ochreous white, sliglitlj- irrorated with brown. Fore wang grey more or less tinged with ochreous, and with some black irroration, especially on costal and inner areas ; a black streak below base of cell and an obliiiue streak above inner margin before middle ; the veins white defined by fine purple-brown streaks diffused on each side of median nervure and medial part of vein 1 , the interspaces also with purple-brown streaks ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; the postmedial line bent outwards below costa, then represented by a series of points, oblique below vein 4 ; a tri- angular brown shade from termen below apex conjoined to another triangular shade above tornus ; a terminal series of black points; cilia brown intersected with white. Hind wing white ; a terminal series of black points ; the terminal area in female suffused with brown ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with black, a postmedial series of slight black streaks on the veins. llah. EiUTAiN, Leech Coll. ; W. & S. France, Zellcr Coll. ; Spain ; Italy, Capri (C /S. Browne) ; Sicily ; Algeria ; Dalmatia ; Istria ; ? W. Turkestan, Turcomania, Issyk-Xul. Exp. 32-36 raillim. Subsp. canariensis, Eebel, Ann. Nat. Hofin. Wien. ix. p. .58 (1894). Smaller ; fore wing darker, on underside with prominent discoidal point. Ifab. Canaries, Fuerventura. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 70 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 150, pi. 203. f. 2 ; Milliere, Icones, ii. p. 204, pi. 77- f. 11. Greyish ochreous to reddish brown ; dorsal line pale, dark-edged, almost white on thoracic somites ; subdorsal and lateral lines whitish, dark-edged, separated by an ochreous-brown area ; spira- cular line brown ; subspiracular line pale ; head grey with darker markings. Food-plants, Grasses. 10-2. *iy35. Cirphis herrichi. Lmcania herrichii, Herr.-Scbaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ii. p. 238, Noct. f. 341 (1845) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 192. J . Head and thorax pale ferruginous mixed with fuscous ; abdomen grey-brown, tinged with rufous and irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing greyish, almost entirely tinged with ferruginous red, and thickly irrorated, and in places suffused, with fuscous ; a black streak below base of cell ; the antemedial line oblique to median nervure, excurved below cell and above inner margin, angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform represented by slight ciRPnis. 541 ferruginous marks, the latter with white point below it at lower angle of cell ; postraedial lino stronglj^ dentate, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; the veins of terminal area with dark streaks ; subterminal line onl^' represented by the area beyond it being darker, arising obliquely from termen below apex, angled inwards in discal and submedian folds, excurved at middle ; cilia fuscous intersected with ochreous. Hind wing ochreous white, the veins and terminal area tinged with fuscous brown ; cilia ochreous ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas tinged with ochreous and irrorated with fuscous. Hah. Asia Minor, Bithynia, Pontus, Taurus ; Siria, Dead Sea, in Coll. Piiiigeler, Exp. 40 millim. 1936. Cirphis phaea. (Plate XCIII, fig, 19.) Leticania phcBU, Hmpsn. Aun. S. Afr. Mus. ii. p. 275 (1902). S . Head and thorax brown largely mixed with fuscous : ab- domen brownish white, ventrally irrorated with black. Fore wing pale grey-brown very thickly irrorated with black ; the veins slightly paler and defined by very slight dark streaks ; the inter- spaces of terminal area with slight dark streaks; median nervure with a diffused fuscous streak extending to just beyond lower angle of cell, where there is a white point ; an indistinct irregularly crenulate postmedial line, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4. Hind wing white, the termen tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area ochreous, irrorated with black and on terminal area down to vein 2. Hah. Natal, Estcourt {Hidchmson), 1 c? ; Cape Colonv, Transkei {Miss F. Barrett), 1 (^ type. Exp. 34 millim. 1937. Cirphis leucosticha, n. n. Leucania insullcola, Saaliii. Lep. Madag. p. 254, f. 181 (1891), nee Guen. Head and thorax purplish grey or brow^nish ochreous mixed with fuscous ; frons with blackish lateral bars ; tegulae with three dark lines ; abdomen ochreous white, dorsally tinged Avith brown towards extremity. Fore wing pale ochreous more or less tinged with purj)lish red, especially in and beyond end of cell, and sparsely irrorated with black ; the veins whitish defined by fine purple- brown streaks, the interspaces also tinged with puriile-browu ; median nervure slightly defined by fuscous above and below, extending slightly beyond lower angle of cell, wdiere there is a white point ; traces of an antemedial line usually present, obli(]uo from costa to just below cell, where there is a black point; a })()st- medial series of black points, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, usually connected by an indistinct crenulate line; a triangular brown shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia intersected with whitish. Hind wing semi- r)42 xoctttid.t:. hyaline white, the veins and termen down t^ vein 2 tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area feged with purplish and irrorated with black ; a terminal series of black points from apex to vein 2. Hah. Br. E. Africa, Eb Urru (Betton), 2 $ ; Natal, Durban (Gooch, Ltn/h), 2 c? , 1 $,type; Maxjrititjs, Cuerpipe (Tulloch), 1 2 ■ Fjxp. 36 millira. 1938. CirpMs latiuscula. (riate XCIII. fig. 20.) Leiwania latiiiscula, Herr.-Schiiff. Oorresp.-Blatt zool. min. Ver. Regensb. 1868, p. 148. HeliopJn/a suhpmrctata, Harv. Bull Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. iii. p. 8 (1875) ; Smith, Cat. ^oct. N. Am. p. 189. IjCiicania punctij'era, Mosclil. Ver. z,-b. Wien, 1880, p. 389. Leucania se7iesccvs, Mosclil. Abli. 8eiiek. Ges. xvi. p. 142 (1890). Leucania tinila, Schaus, Trans. Am. Eiit. 8op. xxi. p. 233 (1894). Leiicania covijjiicafa, Streck. Lep. Ehop. & Het., Siippl. i. p. 9 (1898). Leucania mist ecu, Schaus, J. N.Y. Eiit. Soc. vi. p. 1 15 (1898) ; Druce, Biol. Centr.-Ani., Het. ii. p. .5fi8. Leucania. orizaha, Schaus, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. vi. p. 115 (1898) ; Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 5(18. Leucania extiitcta, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 261 (part.), nee Guen. Head and thorax ochreous mixed with fuscous brown ; tegulaB with three dark lines ; abdomen ochreous irrorated with brown, the dorsal cre.st dark. Fore wing pale greyish or ochreous irrorated with black, the veins white irrorated with black defined by fine brown streaks ; the interspaces with fine brown streaks ; the median nervure with slight dark streak ; a white point at lower angle of cell and a black point below origin of vein 2 ; a postmcdial series of black points, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then very oblique ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing semi- hyaline white, the veins and termen irregularly tinged with brown in most specimens ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a terminal series of black points on costal half. Ah. 1. Orizaba. Hind wing largely suffused with fuscous. Bah. U.S.A., Georgia (Ahhot), 1 S, Texas, 1 $ type s>ih- punctata ; Mexico, Oaxaca, type t S misteca in Coll. Schaus, Orizaba, type t 6 orizaha in Coll. Schaus, Jalapa {Hoege), 1 J ; Guatemala, Las Mercedes (Champion). 1 2 ; Panama, Bugaba (Champion), 1 6 ', Bermuda, Challenger Coll., 1 c? , 4 $ ; Jamaica (Kaye), 2 cJ , 2 $ ; Cuba ; Porto "Rico ; St. Vincent (ff. H. Smith), 1 <5 ; Grenada, 1 c? ; Barbados (Frampton\ 3 S ; Surinam ; Br. Guiana, Rockstone (Kaye\ 1 J , Potaro R. (Kaye), 2 2 ; Brazil, Castro Parana, type t 6 tinila in Coll. Schaus ; Peru, Haunca- bamba, 1 6 • Exp. 38-42 millim. 1930. Cirphis tritonia, n. sp. (Plate XCIII. fig. 21.) Head and thorax brownish ochreous; palpi with some fuscous scales at sides; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing brownish ochreous, slightly irrorated with fuscous and with black on costal and inner nui'iiis. r)-l3 areas ; tlie iiitersjiacos of terminal area witli dark streaks ; a black point below oriii^in of vein 2 ; a wlnte point at lower angle of cell, with some blackish scales before and beyond it ; an indistinct, obliquely curved, dentate, postmedial line produced to points on the veins ; a terminal series of points ; a slight oblique dark shade from terraen below apex. Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins and termen tinged with ochreous ; the underside with the costal area tinged with ochreous and irrorated. with brown. Hah. Columbia, Minca {H. II. Smith), S i" Coll. Druce ; Brazil, Amazons, R. Jurua {Trail), 1 § type. Exp. 48 millim. 1940. Cirphis atrimacula. (Plate XCIII. fig. 22.) Leucania atrimacula, Hmpsn. Anu. S. Afr. Mus. ii. p. 275 (1902). 2 . Head and thorax pale ochreous mixed with a few black scales : abdomen whitish, dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing pale ochreous, sparsely irrorated with black ; a black point at b;ise ; a white point at lower angle of cell, with a black point before it in the angle and a small lilack patch beyond the angle with some diffused rufous beyond and below it ; a postmedial series of black points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; an oblique fuscous shade from termen below apex ; a prominent terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous wljite, the terminal area suffused with fuscous ; a terminal series of black points ; the underside with the costal and terminal ureas irrorated with black. Hah. Natal, Durban (Gooch), 1 § type. E.vji. '30 millim. 1941. Cirphis albistigma. (Plate XCIIT. fig. 23.) Leucavia (iVihtUjma. Mooi-e, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 3;37, pi. 37. f. 9 ; Hin[;sn. Motlis Ind. ii. p. 275. Head and thorax grey to pale olive-brown mixed with dark brown ; tegulae with two dark lines ; abdomen grey, dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing pale olive-brown to grey-brown, more or less thickly irrorated with fuscous ; the veins of costal area defined by tine brown streaks hardly visible except in the- paler specimens, the interspaces also streaked with brown towards apex; a slight black streak below base of cell; a slight fuscouS' shade on each side of median nervure, extending beyond the celt to the triangular brown shade from termen below apex ; the ante- medial line represented by obliquely placed black points on costa and below cell ; a small rather V-shaped white spot with brown centre ; a postmedial series of black points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, sometimes with traces of a crenulnte- line before it ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing semi- hyaline white, the veins, termen, and inner area tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown. 544 NOOTUID^. Hah. India {Hearsay), 1 S , 1 $ ; Sikhim ; Madras, Gooty (Campbell), 2 5, Nilgiris {Lindmif, Hampson), 4 c? , 2 5 , Coira- batore (Walhouse), 1 $ . Eap. 32-38 millitn. * 1942. CirpMs putrida. (Plate XCIII. fig. 24.) Leucania putrida, Stand. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1889, p. 48 ; id. Oat. Lsp. pal. p. 192. Head and thorax brownish grey mixed with fuscous ; tegulae with more or less distinct dark medial line ; abdomen grey-white irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing pale brownish grey, slightly irrorated with fuscous ; a broad fuscous fascia above and below median nervure to beyond cell ; antemedial line represented by dark points on the veius with traces of an excurved line below cell ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line strongly dentate, oblique below vein 4 ; terminal area fuscous, with the veins crossing it grey, runniug obliquely from termen just below a[)ex to discal fold, then excurved ; a terminal series of small black luuules. Hind wing semihyaline white ; the veins brown ; the termen tinged with brown ; a terminal series of black points ; the underside with the costal area tinged with ochreous and irrorated with fuscous. Hah. W. Turkestan, Ferghana, Issyk-Kul ; E. Turkestan, Hi; Mongolia, Aksu, in Coll. Piingeler. Kvp. 34-38 millim. Subsp. pala-stince, Stand. Iris, x. p. 174, pi. iv. ff. 11, 12 (1897). § . Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous ; teguloe without dark line ; fore wing ochreous ; the fuscous fascia confined to medial area above median nervure ; the postmedial line hardly traceable, except as a series of points on the veins; the dark terminal area reduced to dentate marks in the interspaces. Hind wing yellowish white, the terminal area suffused with fuscous. Hab. Stria. Exp. 40 millim. 1943. Cirphis zeset. Nortua ::c(b. Dup. Lep. Fr. vii. 1, p. 363, pi. 122. f. 4 (1827) ; Yievw- Scbtiff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. tf'. 311.315; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 192. Leucania indistincta, Christ. Rom. Mem. iii. p. 79, pi. 4. f. 5 (1887). Head and thorax brownish ochreous mixed with gre}^ ; palpi and legs irrorated with fuscous ; tarsi blackish, with pale rings ; abdomen white, tinged with ochreous. Fore wing brownish ochreous suffused and irrorated with grey, the veins irrorated with fuscous ; the antemedial line represented by dark points on the veins or traces of a waved line ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; a more or less prominent dentate postmedial line with more distinct dark points at the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; an oblique dark shade from termen below apex. Hind wing white, the termen with some black points ; the underside with slight dark irroration on costal and apical areas, a postmedial series of points on costal half. ciRPHis. 545 Ab. 1. indisfincta. Hind wing with the veins and termen tinged with fuscous. Ilab. S. France, Montpellier, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; Spain, Andahisia ; Italy; Dalmatia ; Greece; Egypt; W. Turkestan, Turcomania, 3 $ , Ferghana, Issyk-Kul. Exj). 32- 38 millim. 1944. Cirphis scirpi. Leucania srirpi, Diip. Lep. Fr., Suppl. iii. p. 349, pi. 32. f. 3 (1836); Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 191. Leucania dactylklis, Eoisd. Gen. et Ii)d. Meth. p. 133 (1840) ; Diip. Lep. Fr., Suppl. iv. p. 226, pi. 69. f. 6 ; Herr.-SchafF. Eur. Schinett., Noct. f. 318. Leucania montium, Boisd. Gen. et Ind. Meth. p. 133 (1840) ; Frr. Neiie Beitr. Scbmett. v. pi. 395. f. 2; Herr.-Scbaff. Eur. Schmett,, Noct. ii. f. 317. Leucania caricis, Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 324-5 (nee Treit.). Head and thorax whitish mixed with brown ; abdomen whitish tinged with brown. Fore wing grey, thickly irrorated with dark brown ; a white point at lower angle of cell, with black point before it and traces of points beyond it ; an indistinct curved post,- medial series of dark points on the veins. Hind wing white, the veins and termen slightly tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, some black points on apical part of termen. Ab. 1. dacfi/Iidis. Fore wing tinged with reddish. Ab. 2. montium. Fore wing more thickly irrorated with fuscous; hind wing wholly tinged with fuscous. Hab. France, Ardeche, Zeller Coll. ; W. Germany ; Austria, Meran, Leech Coll. ; Switzerland ; Spain, Leech Coll. ; Sardinia ; Italy ; Dalmatia ; j^.sia Minor, Taurus Mts. ; Syria, Mardin, Talestine. Exp. 32 millim. Larva. On Grasses. 1945. CirpMs ciliata. (Plate XCIII. fig. 25.) Leucania ciliata, Wlk. ix. 110 (1856). Teeniocampa assimilif, Wlk. xv. 1708 (1858). Head and thorax pale grey-brown irrorated with black scales ; palpi blackish at sides ; frons with black bar ; tegula; with three black lines ; abdomen grey tinged with brown, the anal tuft with rufous, the ventral surface white irrorated with brown, a sublateral scries of black points. Foro wing pale grey-brown thickly irrorated with black ; the costal edge whitish ; subbasal lino represented by a black point on costa; traces of an obliquely waved antomedial line with series of black points on it ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; a double postmedial series of black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 4 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pale suffused with fuscous brown, paler towards base ; cilia white at tips ; the underside with the costal and VOL. V. 2n G4() KOCTUIT>JS. terminal areas irrorated with brown, a curved postmedial series of short streaks on the veins. Hab. New South Wales, Moreton Bay (Diggles), 1 ^ type msimilis, Sydney (Lambert, Eaynor), 2 J , 1 § , type. E.rp. 32 millim. 1946. Cirphis fragilis. (Plate XCIII. fig. 26.) SvalofK fragilis, Eutl. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 160; Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 275. Head and thorax grey-brown mixed with grey ; palpi blackish at sides ; abdomen greyish or with a rufous tinge in male, yellowish white in female. Fore wing grey tinged with brown and irrorated with fuscous : antemedial line indistinct, oblique and dentate from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; a small white spot at lower angle of cell ; postmedial line minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold, oblique below vein 4, and incurved at submedian fold : a terminal series of minute points often present. Hind wing whitish slightly tinged with brown, the veins and termen brown ; the underside whitish, the costal area tinged with grey-brown, some blackish lunules on termen. Hab. Punjab, Kulu, Sultanpore [G. Young), 4 c? , 4 $ , {Hoclcing) 1 c? , 2 $ , Simla (Swinhoe, Harford), 3 c? , 1 $ , type, Dharmsala (HocJcing), 3 J, 1 5, Kangra Valley (Dudgeon), 1 5 ; Centk. Provinces. Ewp. 30-32 millim. Larva. Does much damage to wheat in Chindwara Distr., C. Provinces. 1047. Cirphis opaca. (Plate XCIII. fig. 27.) Lemania ojmca, Staud. Iris, xii. p. 374, pi. 6. f. 13 (1900) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 192. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with brown. Fore wing grey-white thickly irrorated with brown ; traces of an antemedial line oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; a white point at lower angle of cell with some fuscous before and beyond it ; an indistinct dentate postmedial line bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, Hind wing whitish, uniformly suffused with brown ; the underside whitish irrorated with brown. Hab. E. Turkestan, Korla, 1 J, 1 ?. Exp., J 32, ? 36 millim. 1948. Cirphis crenulata, n. sp. (Plate XCIII. fig. 28.) S . Head and thorax pale brown ; sides of palpi and frons blackish ; tegulse with broad black medial line, patagia with black streak on outer edge ; legs slightly streaked with blackish ; abdomen brownish grey, dorsally tinged with fuscous before the ochreous anal tuft. Fore wing grey, tinged with rufous and slightly irrorated with riRPHis. 647 black ; the veins wliitish irrorated with blaek ; a diffused black fascia below base of cell ; traces of an antemedial line, with black points on subcostal and median nervuros, just below the cell and on vein 1 ; the lower part of terminal half of cell suffused with black, extending beyond its extremity between veins 3 and 5 ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; a rather indistinct crenulate postmedial line with black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; a subterminal series of ill-defined black marks ; a terminal series of small black spots. Hind wing whitish almost uniformly suffused with fuscous, the cilia white ; the underside white, with postmedial series of black points on the veins and terminal series from apex to vein 2. 2 . Tegulae without black line and patagia without streak ; fore wing rather redder except costal area, the black markings absent except the points representing the ante- and postmedial lines. Hah. Persian Gulf, Fao {Cumming), 1 c? , 1 5» type. Exp. 40 millim. 1949. Cirphis mesotrosta. (Plate XCIII. fig. 29.) Leucania mesotrosta, Piingl. Iris, xii. p. 295, pi. 9. f. 9 (1899); Staud. Oat. Lep. pal. p. 192. Head and thorax grey-brown with a slight rufous tinge ; ab- domen brownish grey. Fore wing grey-brown with a rufous tinge and slight black irroration, especially on the veins ; traces of a waved antemedial line ; a prominent somewhat lunulate white spot at lower angle of cell on a diffused black patch ; postmedial line arising from a black point on costa, somewhat dentate and produced to black streaks on the veins, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved at discal fold, incurved below vein 4 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the cilia ochreous white, with a dark line through them ; the underside pale thickly irrorated with black, a small discoidal spot, diffused sinuous postmedial line, and some stri;e on termen. Uab. Tibet, Kuku-noor, 1 cJ , 1 $ , Amdo. E'oy. 36-40 miliim. Type t in Coll. Piingeler. 1950. Cirphis unipuncta. Nodua unipuncta , Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 174 (1809); Steph. 111. Brit. Eiit., Haust. iii. p. 80; Harr. Itij. Ins. p. 627, ff. 274-6 ; Riloy, 2nd Rep. Ins. Mo. p. 37, ff. 11, 14-16; Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 26U ; Hinpsn. Moths lud. ii. p. 275 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 193 ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 189. Sptslotis punctulata, Blanch. Gay's Chile, Ins. vii. p. 74 (1852). Leucania extranea, Guen. Noct. i. p. 77 (1852). Leucania antica, Wlk. ix. 100 (1856). Leucania convectu, Wlk. xi. 711 (1857). Leucania separata, Wlk. xxxii. 626 (1865). Leucania consimilis, Moore, P. Z. S. 188), p. 336, pi. 37. f. 19. Leucania trifolii, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1882, p. 114. Leucania sacckarivorn, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soo. 1882, p. 115. Leucania adulteru, SchuuB, Trans. Am. Ent. See. xxi. p. 232 (1894). 2x 2 548 KOCTTJIDJi. Head and thorax red-brown; tegulae with the basal half pale, bounded by a dark line ; abdomen fuscous brown, the anal tuft and ventral surface ochreous. Pore wing red-brown slightly striated and irrorated with fuscous, the costal area more ochreous ; the antemedial line represented by black points on cost a, median nervure, and vein 1 ; the orbicular and reniform rounded, pale reddish and very obscurely defined ; a white point at lower angle of cell, often with a black point on each side of it ; a postmedial series •of black points bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; an oblique dark streak from apex to vein 5 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing dark brown, the interspaces white towards base ; the cilia white ; the underside whitish, the costal and terminal areas more ochreous and irrorated with brown, a curved postmedial series of black points and a terminal series on apical half. Ab. 1. saccliarivora. Much redder. Ab. 2. pMnc^?(?«to. More grey-brown ; the striation of the fore wing much more prominent and the stigmata more distinct. Hah. Canada, Hudson's Bay, St. Martin's Falls {Bamston) 1 c? » 3 $ , {Norman) 3 S ; U.S.A., New York, 5 d , 2 $ , Illinois, 1 S , Alabama, 1 d , Kansas, 1 § , Texas, Colorado, Denver (Oslar), 1 d" , 2 2 , New Mexico, Arizona, Prescott (Kunze), 1 5 ; Mexico, Jalapa (Trnjillo), 4 5 , Cuernavaca (SinitJi), 1 $ , Milpas (Forrer), 2 J > Mexico City (Hoege), 1 d ; Guatemala {Rodriguez), 1 5 ; Costa Rica ( Underwood, Rogers), 5 d 5 3 § ; Panama, Chiriqui {GJuimpion), 3 5 , Godman-Salvin Coll. ; Jamaica {Kaye), 1 5 ; Cuba ; Vene- zuela 4 9 type antica ; Brazil, Castro Paraiia, type t $ adidtera in Coll. Schaus, Sao Paulo (D. Jones), 2 $ ; Paraguay, Sapucay (Foster), 2 $ ; Argentina, Goya (Perrins), 1 d , 1 $ ; Chile, type punchdaia in Mus. Paris, Talcahuano {J. J. Walker) 1 d, (Ed- monds) 3 d 5 3 5 , types saccharivora and trifolii ; Azores (J. J. WcdJctr), Horta Fayal, 2 5 , Plores, 3 d ; Madeira (Mungo Park) 1 2 , ( WoUaston) 4 d ; Canaries (Leech), 2 d ; Britain ; France ; Spain ; Portugal ; S.E. Siberia, Ussuri ; Japan, Yoko- hama (Pri/er), 1 d , Tokio (Maries), 1 $ ; N. China, Shanghai (Fortune), 1 $ type separata, Foochow (C. B. Rickett), 1 $ ; Hongkong (J. J. Walker), 1 d ; C. China, Kiukiang (Pratt), 1 d , 1 2 , Ichang (Pratt), 1 $ ; W. China (Pratt), Ta-chien-lu, 1 $ , Kia-ting-fu, 1 $ , Chia-kou-ho, 1 d , Washau, 1 d ; Kashmir (McArtlmr), Narkundah, Id, 1 $, Kuijar, 1 S, Nubra, 1 d. jalauri Pass, 1 d ; Punjab, Kulu, Sultanpur (G. Yotwg), 4 d, Murree (Yerhury), 1 $ , Cambellpur (Yerhury), 1 d > 1 2 , Dharm- eala (Hocking), 4 d , 2 2 , Jubbulpur (F. Butler), 1 2 . ^lanpuri, 1 d ; Sikhim (Lidderdale), 1 d ; Bengal, Calcutta, 1 2 ; Bombat, 1 d ; Madras, Nilgiris (Hamjison), 3 2 ; Java (HorsfieJd), 4 d , 2 2; N. S. Wales, Moreton Bay (Biggies), 2 d type convecta, Sydney (Raynor), 5 d , 2 2 ; Victoria, Melbourne (J. J. Walker), 1 d > Gisborne (Lyell), 1 2 5 New Zealand, Auckland (Sinchdr, Bolton, Oxley, Skellon), 7 d , 6 2 • Exp. 38-50 millim. CIKPHIS. 54-9 Larva. Head brown, reticulate with dark brown and with curved vei'tical bands. Body green or brown, strigose with a darker shade. Dorsal line nearly lost in a broad dorsal dark powdering, white, dotted ; subdorsal line more continuous, its upper dark border diffuse ; lateral line white, between it and substigmatal band dark brown ; substigmatal band broad, white on the edges, reddish blotched. Leg-shields brown. Food-plants : Grasses and cereals. 5-6.— H.G.D. 1951. Cirphis corrugata. (Plate XCIII. fig. 30.) Leitcania corrugata, Hmpsu. Moths Ind. ii. p. 278 (1894). 5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brownish ochreous ; ab- domen with the dorsal crest blackish, the ventral surface irrorated with black. Fore wing pale brownish ochreous, slightly irrorated with black and with some rufoias suiiusion in and beyond end of cell ; antemedial black points on the veins ; a small elliptical white spot at lower angle of cell, with ill-defined yellowish discoidal spot above it ; poslraedial line indistinct, minutely crenulate with black points at the veins, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; some black points on termen towards apex. Hind wing ochreous whitish suffused with fuscous, rather jialer on basal, costal, and inner areas ; cilia ochreous white, with brownish line through them. Underside ochreous whitish irrorated with fuscous ; fore wing with the cell slightly suffused with fuscous, an indistinct oblique postmedial line ; both wings with some points on termen. Hah. Punjab, Simla, Kau Mt. {Harford), 1 5 type. Exp. 40 millim. *1952. Cirphis arcupunctata. Leucaiiia arcupunctata, Mssn. Stiibel's Eeise, p. 138, pi. vi. f. 1 (1890). Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish ochreous. Fore wing brownish ochreous ; the veins streaked with black, the submedian fold with a rufous streak, the interspaces of terminal area with diffused fuscous streaks ; orbicular represented by two black points on its upper edge, the reniform by four black points at its angles ; a curved postmedial series of prominent black points on the veins and a terminal series. Hind wing brownish ochreous, the terminal area suffused with fuscous. Huh. EcTTADOR, Antisana, 12,000'. Exp. 48 millim. This species is unknown to me ; structural characters examined by Prof. Karsch. 1953. Cirphis denticula. Leucania denticula, Hmpsn. 111. Het. B. M. ix. p. 90, pi. 101. f. 10 (1893); id. Moths Ind. ii. p. 273. $ . Head and thorax ochreous white slightly tinged with reddish brown ; abdomen ochreous white, the dorsal crest blackish. Fore 650 NOCTUID^E. wing ochreous white slightly tinged with rufous and irrorated with fuscous ; the antemedial line brownish with fuscous points on the veins, obliquely sinuous from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; the orbicular represented by a small black- brown spot in cell, the reniform by a larger somewhat quadrate spot ; postmedial line brown with black points at the veins, crenu- late, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; a slight triangular shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous brown, the costal area and cilia ochreous white ; the underside ochreous white irrorated with fuscous, the inner half of terminal area suffused with fuscous, a small discoidal spot, curved postmedial line, and some points on terraen. Hah. Ceylon, Pundaloya (Green), 1 $ type. Eay. 44 millim. 1954. Cirphis pastea, n. sp. (Plate XCVI. fig. 13.) 5 . Head and thorax ochreous white mixed with dark brown ; palpi brownish at sides ; frons with brown bar ; tegulie with three brown lines ; i)atagia with some black scales near upper edge ; tarsi with dark rings ; abdomen ochreous white, dorsally suffused with brown, ventrally irrorated with black. Fore wing ochreous white irrorated and striated with rufous and dark brown ; some brown suffusion below middle of costa ; orbicular represented by a small round brown spot, the reniform by a large rather diffused lunule ; a diffused brown fascia beyond lower angle of cell connected with a triangular shade from termen below apex ; a curved postmedial series of black points with an ill-defined brown shade beyond them ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia ochreous white intersected with brown. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, especially on terminal area ; cilia white with a brownish line through them ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a black discoidal lunula and terminal series of points. Hab. Assam, Khasis, 1 2 type. E^iy. 36 millim. 1955. CirpMs yu. Leucania yu, Guen. Noct. i. p. 78 (1852). Leucania exempta, Wlk. xi. 710 (1857) ; Hmpsn. 111. Het. B. M. ix. p. 90, pi. 161. f. 9; id. Moths Ind. ii. p. 273. Leucania costaUs, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 603, pi. 59. f. 11. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous white slightly tinged with brown. Fore wing ochreous white irrorated with fuscous ; the cell defined below and beyond extremity by rufous and fuscous suffusion ; traces of a waved antemedial line, oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular represented by a small black spot in cell ; a black point at lower angle of cell ; post- medial line rather indistinct, crenulate, bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold, and oblique below vein 4 ; a slight oblique shade from terraen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. ciKPiijs. 551 Hind wing ochreous white suffused with brown, especially on the veins and termen. Underside with black spot on costa of tore wing bej-ond middle and terminal series of black points. Hah. Loo-cHOo Is., 2 (J (Fryer); Sikhim, 1 § ; Bombay, Canara (Ward), 1 2 ; Madras, Malabar; Ceylon (Temjpleton, Mrs. Linde- say), 2 2 type exempta ; Burma ; Anbamans, 1 $ type costalis ; Singapore {Ridley), 1 2 ; Borneo, Sarawak (Bartlett), 1 § ; Philippines, Manilla. Exp. 34-40 millim. 1956. CirpMs semiusta. ■Leucania semiusta, Hinpsn. 111. Het. B. M. viii. p. 69, pi. 144. f. 17 (1891); id. Moths Incl. ii. p. 274. $ . Head and thorax ochreous with a slight purplish-brown tinge ; tegulte with the basal lialf irrorated with fuscous ; abdomen ochreous, dorsally slightly tinged with tuscous. Fore wing ochreou.s slightly irrorated with fuscous ; some purplish-brown suffusion in and below cell, expanding on terminal area to below apex and near tornus ; the antemedial line represented by a slight angled dark mark in cell; an elliptical ochreous discoidal spot; a postmedial series of dark points, oblique below vein 4 ; a fuscous triangular shade from termen below apex. Hind wing whitish, suffused witt fuscous except on basal and inner areas ; cilia white. Underside white irrorated with fuscous ; fore wing with some fuscous suffusion in, below, and beyond cell, leaving a white discoidal spot ; both wings with terminal series of black points. Hub. Madras, Nilgiris {Hampsoyi) , 1 $ type, Exp. 38 millim. 1957. Cirphis modesta. (Plate XCIII. fig. 31.) Leucania modesta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 335, pi. 37. f. 11; Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 274. J . Head and thorax ochreous white slightly tinged with brown ; sides of palpi and frons blackish ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge ; abdomen ochreous white irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing pale ochreous irrorated with fuscous ; tlie antemedial line indistinct, erect, dentate, with dark points at the veins ; a slight black point in lower angle of cell and some fuscous suffusion beyond the angle; postmedial line cronulate and produced to black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, then oblique and somewhat incurved at discal and submedian folds ; an oblique dark shade from lermen below apex with a flesh-coloured tinge before and below it; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing ochreous white suffused with fuscous except on costal area ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia ochreous white. Underside ochreous white irrorated with fuscous ; fore wing with fuscous suffusion in and below cell, a postmedial line slightly angled outwards below costa, then oblique, a terminal series of points ; hind wing with black discoidal spot with streak before it on median norvure showing /352 NOCTTTID^. through to upperside, traces of a postmedial line with short black streaks on the veins and a terminal series of points. Hab. SiKHiM ; Assam, Khiisis, 1 S . Exp. 38-44 millim. 1958. CirpMs metaphaea, n. sp. (Plate XCIII. fig. 32.) c? . Head and thorax pale ochreous ; some black scales on upper edge of tegulse and patagia ; abdomen fuscous, with ochreous seg- mental lines, anal tuft, and ventral surface. Fore wing pale ochreous slightly tinged with rufous and irrorated with fuscous on terminal area ; antemedial line represented by a slight speck in submedian fold ; a slight point in lower angle of cell ; postmedial line indistinct, crenulate and produced to dark points on the veins ; oblique below vein 4, and incurved at discal and submedian folds ; an oblique shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing dark fuscous brown ; cilia ochreous, with a brownish line through them. Underside of fore wing suffused with fuscous except on marginal areas, a small dark spot on costa beyond middle ; hind wing ochreous white irrorated with fuscous, the area below the cell suffused with fuscous to near termeu, a discoidal lunula with streak before it on median nervure, traces of a postmedial line, a terminal series of points. Hah. Madras, Palni Hills (T^. jET. Campbell), 1 cJ type. Exp. 42 millim. 1959. Cirphis placida. Mythimna placida, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) i. p. 79 (1878) ; id. 111. Het. B. M. 'ii. p. 21, pi. 28. f. 5. Head and thorax pale ochreous ; palpi blackish ; patagia with some black scales near upper edge, thorax with a slight rufous tinge on dorsum ; abdomen ochreous dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing pale ochreous irrorated with black ; the antemedial line represented by fuscous spots on the veins ; a black point in lower angle of cell and a small patch of fuscous suffusion beyond the angle, the orbicular and reniform sometimes represented by slight pale marks, the latter figure-of-8-shaped ; postmedial line hardly trace- able, dentate and produced to a series of black points on the veins, bent outwards below costa, slightly incurved in discal fold, oblique below vein 4 ; a slight oblique shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous black, the cilia ochreous white. Underside of fore wing fuscous except costal and terminal areas, a postmedial fuscous bar on costal area ; hind wing pale ochreous irrorated with black, a small discoidal spot, traces of a dentate postmedial line with slight streaks at the veins, and a terminal series of points. Bah. Japan, Yokohama {Pryer, Jonas, Manley), 6 J , 1 5 , typo, Tokio {Maries), 1 cJ , 1 $ , Nikko (Lewis), 1 § ; Corea, Gensan (Ito), Id,] $ ; W. China, Chang-Yang (Pratt), 1 c? , 2 $ , Omei- shan, 1 2> Ta-chien-lu (Pratt), I J, Ni-tou, 1 J. Exp. 46-50 millim. ciuPHis. 553 1960. Cirphis Lypophaea, n. sp. (Plate XCIV. fig. 1-i.) S . Head, thorax, and abdomen grey tinged with pale red-brown ; palpi tinged with black at sides ; frons with lateral black bars ; tegulae with medial black line ; patagia with a few black scales near upper edge ; fore femora black above ; legs and ventral surface of abdomen slightly irrorated with black. Fore wing greyish slightly tinged with rufous and irrorated with black ; subbasal line represented by a black point on costa, antemedial line by a series of black points oblique from costa to submedian fold, then bent inwards ; extremity of median nervure and lower discocellular whitish, with a black point in lower angle of cell and a more or less developed black mark beyond the angle ; a postmedial series of black points bent outwards below costa, incurved at discal fold, and oblique below vein 4 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing fuscous, paler towards costa ; some black points on termen ; cilia ochreous white. Underside of fore wing suffused with black except marginal areas ; hind wing whitish irrorated with black, a discoidal spot, sinuous punctiform postmedial line, and terminal series of points. Bab. Cetlon, Maskelij'a (J. Pole), 2 c? type. E.vj). 34 millim. 1961. Cirphis rubrisecta, n. sp. (Plate XCIV. fig. 15.) c? . Head and thorax ochreous tinged with rufous ; palpi tinged with fuscous at sides ; patagia with some black scales on upper edge ; abdomen ochreous dorsally tinged with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous sparsely irrorated with black, the inner half tinged wath pale purplish brown ; a rufous streak on median nervure ; a black point in lower angle of cell ; faint traces of two postmedial series of points on the veins, oblique below vein 4 ; an oblique rufous streak from termen below apex ; some black points on termen. Hind wing fuscous, the cilia ochreous white. Underside ochreous ; fore wing with the cell and area below it and beyond lower angle suff"used with fuscous ; hind wing irrorated with fuscous, slight fuscous streaks beyond lower angle of cell, some points on termen. Hab. Bhutan (Diulgeon), 1 c? type. Exj). 40 millim. *196'2. Cirphis brantsi. Leucania hrantMi, Snell. Tijd. v. Ent. xv. p. 48, pi. 4. f. 7 (1872). S . Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous with a rufous tinge. Pore wing ochreous tinged with rufous and with slight fuscous irroration ; a sliglit dentate antemedial line angled inwards to more prominent points on median nervure and vein 1 ; a black point in end of cell and red-brown patch beyond it, traces of a medial lino from lower angle of cell to inner margin ; a postmedial series of black points oblique from vein 4 to inner margin and a terminal series. Hind wing white, the terminal area tinged with ochreous ; a terminal series of dark stria?. Knh. W. Africa, Lr. Guinea. Exp. 30 millim. This species is unknown to mc. 05-L NOClCIDiE. 19G3. Cirphis inconspicua. (Plato XCIV. fig. 16.) Leiwania inconnpicua, Herr.-Scliiiff. Corresp.-Blatt zool.-min. Ver. Eegensb. 18G8, p. 148. Levcania extincia, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Ain., Het. i. p. 261 (part.), nee Guen. Leucania solifa, Druee, Biol. Centr.-Aui., Het. i, p. 262 (part.), nee Wlk. Head and thorax ocbreous ; palpi with some dark scales ; teguloe tipped with purplish brown ; dorsal crests of thorax and aLdomen tipped with brown : abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged with fuscous except at base and extremity. Fore wing ochreous sparsely irroratod with black scales ; a black point in lower angle of cell and a fuscous mark beyond it ; traces of a postmedial line dentate aud produced to black points on the veins ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing semihyaline white ; the underside with the costal area tinged with ochreous and irrorated with a few brown scales, a terminal series of black points from apex to vein 2. Hah. Mexico, Jalapa (Trvjillo), 1 $ ; Panama, Chiriqui (Cham- pion), I ^, Godman-Salvin Coll.; Jamaica; Cuba, 1 c? , 1 2 > Bkazil, Rio Janeiro, 1 J , 1 $ ; Pakaguay, Sapucay (Foster), 1 J . JEa-p. 34 millim. *1964. Cirphis mocoides. (Plate XCIV. fig. 17.) Leucania mocoides, Dogn. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xli. p. 245 (1897). J. Head and thorax clothed with rufous and ochreous hair; abdomen rufous dorsally tinged with fuscous. P'ore wing ochreous Nutfused with fuscous, leaving an ochreous fascia in discal fold from middle of cell to near termen, bent upwards below apex ; a narrow blackish streak below the cell to origin of vein 2 ; a postmedial series of black points in the interspaces, excurved from costa to vein 4, then oblique ; a terminal series of black points from below apex to vein 2 ; the termen grey with a fine terminal black line ; cilia ochreous, with a black line through them. Hind wing semihyaline ochreous white, the inner and terminal areas tinged with brown ; cilia white ; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated with brown. Hah. Ecuadok, Loja, type t d , in Coll. Dognin. E.vp. 36 millim. 1965. Cirphis falclandica. (Plate XCIV. fig. 18.) Leucania falldandica, Butl. A. M. N. 11. (6) xii. p. 208 (1893). S ■ Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown mixed with whitish; tegulas with the basal half whitish, followed by a black line. Fore wing ])ale brown ; subbasal and antemedial black points below costa ; a diff'used black streak below base of cell ; a diffused ante- medial black ])atch above inner margin ; a diffused streak in lower end of cell and beyond the cell above vein 4, expanding into a spot in end of cell ; terminal half of median uervure and vein 1 and the veins beyond the cell streaked with whitish ; a rather ill-defined dentate postmedial line, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; a subterminal series of diffused black spots in CIRl'HIS, 55o the interspaces except towards costa, the area beyond it rather browner ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia whitish, with two brown lines through them. Hind wing ochreous white, the veins and terminal area tinged with fuscous. Hah. Falkland Is. ( IF. F. Dale), 1 S type (^. Vallentin), 3 6 ■ Exp. 36 millim. 1966. Cirphis remota. Leucania remota, Staud. Hamburg. Magalhaeus. iv. p. 71, f. 15 (1899). Nairowa (Betton), 1 2 i Mashonalaxd (Dobhie), 3 $ ; Natal, Estcourt ( IliUchinsoti), 1 § ; Cape Coloxt, Transkei (Niss F. Barrett)., 7 6 ■, 3 2 , Annshaw {Miss F. Barrett), 3 5 ; Madagascar, Betsileo {Cowan), 1 S . Eap. 34-36 millim. 1976. Borolia taguiia. Leucania tacuna, Feld. Eeis. Nov. pi. 110. f. 22 (1874). Leucania substitufa, Wllgrn. ffifv. Vet.-Akad.F6rh. 187;'), jj. 105. Head and thorax ochreous tinged with reddish brown ; tegulse pale, with two or three dark lines ; palpi, frous, and legs tinged with fuscous ; abdomen ochreous white slightly tinged with rufous. Eore wing ochreous, tinged with rufous and sparsely irrorated with black; a black streak below base of cell and another in lower extremity of cell from before middle, ending in a prominent black point; median nervure and vein 3 streaked with whitish ; a rufous fascia below the cell expanding triangularly beyond the cell to termen and with a curved difi'used black streak on its upper edge ; costal area tinged with rufous leaving the veins paler; traces of a curved double postmedial series of dark points on the veins ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the costal and terminal areas tinged with ochreous towards apex ; some dark points on termen. Ab. 1. The streak and point in lower angle of cell reduced to two points. BOKOLIA. 5G3 Hah. Br. E, Africa, Athi-ya-Mawe (Bettou), 1 $ , Eb Urru (Bffto)i), 1 d", Gwelil (Bcffo)i), 2 c? , Nairowa (BefJon), 1 cJ , Xairobi (5ei:fo;i), 1 J; Mishoxalaxd (Dobbie), 1 c3" ; Transvaal; Natal, Estcourt {Hufchinson), 4 J, 7 $, Weenen, 1 c? ; Cape Colony, Transkei {Hiss F. Barrett), 4 cJ , 3 $ . ^'.t^?. 32-38 millim. 1977. Borolia riibrescens, n.sp. (Plate XCIV. fig. 25.) Head and thorax pale rufous ; antennae whitish ; tegulte grey with dark medial line : abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged with brown, ventrally irrorated with black. Fore wing ochreous suffused with bright rnfous ; the costal area violaceous grey irrorated with black ; a black streak below base of cell to origin of vein 2 ; a black streak above inner margin from before middle to near termen, diffused outwardly ; median nervure white defined by black above and below; the veins of terminal area whitish defined by slight brown streaks, veins 3, 4, 5 more prominently white ; the inter- spaces of terminal area streaked with black. Hind wing white, the terminal area tinged with brown, especially in female ; the underside with the costal area tinged with brown and irrorated with black; some black points on termen from apex to vein 2. Hah. Natal, Estcourt {Hutchinson), 1 c? , 1 § , type. Exp. 3S millim. 1978. Borolia operosa. (Plate XCIV. fig. 26.) Leucania ojjerosa, Saalm. Lep. Madag. p. 259 (1891). c? . Head and thorax brownish ochreous ; teguloe with medial black line ; abdomen brownish ochreous, the ventral surface irrorated with black. Fore wing ochreous, sparsely irrorated with black ; the veins of terminal half defined by fine brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with brown ; a black streak below base of cell ; the median nervure and vein 4 white, the former with distinct ruf\ous shade below it ; a black point in lower angle of cell; a slight wedge-shaped brown shade from termen below apex to lower angle of cell ; traces of a postmedial series of black points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins towards termen and termen tinged with brown ; a terminal series of black points ; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated with black ; a postmedial series of slight black streaks on the veins. /^rt6. Madagascar, Betsileo {Cowan), 1 J. Exp. 34 millim. 1979. Borolia citrinotata, n. sp. (Plate XCIV. fig. 27.) (f . Head and tegukc grey-white mixed with fuscous ; teguk-e w ith two black lines ; thorax pale yellow ; abdomen white tinged with ochreous at extremity. Foro wing pale ochreous, with a slight flesh tinge, especially on cjstal area, and sparsely irrorated 2o2 oG4 NOCTTTID.E, with black ; the veins whitish defined by fine pale brown-pink streaks, the interspaces of terminal area also streaked with brown- pink ; a sinuous black streak below base of cell to origin of vein 2 ; a black point in lower angle of cell ; a slight triangular dark shade from termen below apex. Hind wing pure white ; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated with brown and some black points on termen from apex to vein 2. Hah. Be, E. Africa, Athi-ya-Mawe (Betton), 1 J type. Exp. 30 millim. 1980. Borolia melanostrota, n. sp, (Plate XCIV. fig. 28.) Head and thorax whitish, with a slight violaceous tinge and mixed with fuscous ; tegulse with three dark lines ; abdomen ochreous white, the ventral surface irrorated with black. Fore wing white with a slight violaceous tinge and rather thickly irrorated with black; the veins whitish slightly defined hy fine brown streaks, the interspaces of terminal half also slightly streaked with brown ; a sinuous black streak below base of cell to origin of vein 2 ; median nervure defined by slight fuscous sutfasion above and below, the white on it developed into a slight hook at lower angle, in which there is a black point; a wedge- shaped dark shade from termen below apex to lower angle of cell ; traces of an antemedial line on inner area, angled outwards in submediau fold and above inner margin and inwards on vein 1 ; a jjostmedial series of black points conjoined by traces of a dentate line, bent outwards below costa and obli(iue below vein 4 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing pure white ; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated with brown, some black points on termen from apex to vein 2. Mab. ZuLULAND, Lr. Tugela (Eei/nolds), 1 fT type ; Natal, "VVeenen, 1 $ ; Cape Colony, Transkci (Miss F. Barrett), 1 $ . Exp. 32-36 millim. 19S1. Borolia percussa. Leucania percussa, Butl. P. Z. S. 1880, p. 674. Leucania howra, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 357, pi. 37. f. IH; Hmpsn. IVfotlis Ind. ii. p. 271. Leucania hamlinca, Swinb. Trans. Eut. See. 1890, p. 220, pi. vii. f. 6. Head and thorax whitish mixed with pale brownish ochreous ; palpi blackish at sides ; tegulaj with two slight dark lines ; legs streaked with blackish ; abdomen white tinged with brownish. Fore wing pale ochreous tinged with brown and sparsely irrorated with black ; the veins whitish defined by fine brown streaks, the interspaces of terminal half also streaked with brown ; the median nervure defined by fuscous above and below ; a prominent black streak in submcdian fold to origin of vein 2 ; a black point BOKOLIA. 565 in lower angle of cell ; traces of a postmedial series of black points, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a terminal scries of black points from apex to vein 2. Bah. Formosa, Takow {Hohson), 1 cj , 1 $ , type ; Sikhim, 1800' {Dudgeon), 1 $ ; Bengal, Calcutta ; Burma, lihiimo, 1 cf type hasilinea ; Java. Exp. 32-34 millim. 1982. Borolia cmegeri. (Plate XCIV. fig. 29.) Leucania cruegeri, Butl. Trans. Eut. Soc. 1886, p. 391. Leiwania prmclara, Swinli. A.M. N.H. (7) ix. p. 422 (1902). Head and tegulas white slightly irrorated with fuscous ; pataoia and thorax ochreous ; abdomen white tinged with ochreous. Fore wing ochreous ; the costal and inner areas slightly irrorated with fuscous ; the costal edge white ; a broad, white fascia on median nervure slightly defined by brown below ; veins 2, 3, 4, 5, and the extremities of veins 0, 7 streaked with white, vein 4 most prominently ; the interspaces of terminal area with slight brown streaks ; an oblique dark shade from tcrmen below apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing semihyaline white, the terminal area tinged with brown. Huh. Queensland, Gayndah, 1 S type, Brisbane (Tnnier), 1 S ', "W. Australia, Roebuck B. (J. J. Walk-e7-), 1 c? , Cossack {J. J. Walker), 3 J, 2 J, Sherlock E. (CZemcjiis), 2 cJ , 7 2, Eaebourne (Lijell), 1 cJ . E.fjJ. 32 millim. 1983. Borolia stellata, n. sp. (Plate XCIV. fig. 30.) cJ . Head and tliorax ochreous ; tegulse with three dark lines, the upper one most distinct ; patagia with some black scales near uj)per edge; palpi at sides and tarsi brownish ; abdomen ochreous dorsally tinged with brown. Fore wing ochreous ; the veins defined by fine brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with brown ; the median nervure defined below by a reddish-brown shade met at lower angle of cell by a slight oblique shade from apex; an obli(]ue pale fascia from apex defined on outer side by a slight dark shade from termen below apex; subbasal line represented by a black point on costa, the antemcdial line by obliquely ])laced black points on costa and in submedian fold ; a black point in lower angle of cell ; postmedial black points on veins 5 and 2 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind Aving ochreous white, snfi'used with fuscous brown excejit costal area ; cilia ochreous ; the underside whitish irrorated with fuscous, a small discoidal spot, postmedial series of points on the veins and a terminal series. Bah. Japan, Yokohama (Pri/o'), 1 i(j'hiUiia, E. States, Floi'ida, St. John's }i\u.f£ (Do uhh( la >/), ^ J , G 5 , type and typo scirjiicola. Kvp. 38-40 millim. 1987. Borolia venalba. (Plate XCIV. fig. 32.) Lrucania vcnalha, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 48 ; Ilmpsn. Motlis Iiid. ii. p. 279. ' Leucankc linearis, Lucas, P. Soc. Qucensl. viii. p. Qb (1894). Head and thorax ochreous tinged with rufous ; tegulaj greyer, with two dark lines and brown tips ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing ochreous ; the veins white defined by briglit red or red-brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with red-brown ; the atitc- niedial line represented hy a black point below the cell ; an obliipie pale fascia from apex defined by a rufous or fuscous shade above, and below by a triangular shade from termen below apex ; a terminal series of black points often present. Hind wdng hyaline white, the apical half of termen tinged with ochreous ; the under- side with the costal area tinged with browni. Hah. Cui.vA ; Sikhim {Einisell, Dadr/eou), 3 or.iA. 573 base of veins 3, 4 streaked with grey : a deeper rufous streak above terminal part of median nervure, continued above vein 4 and ex- panding towards termen into a triangular patch extending to below apex; traces of an antemcdial line excurved below cell and angled inwards on vein 1 ; orbicular and reniform represented by ill-defined small pale spots ; traces of a highly dentate postmcdial line with two series of black points on it, the inner in interspaces, the outer on the veins, oblique below vein 4 ; a terminal scries of black points. Hind wing rufous suffused with fuscous ; the underside paler irro- rated with brown, a dark discoidal point and sinuous postraedial line with slight dark streaks at the veins. Ab. 1. Greyer ; fore wing with the markings blacker. — Yatung. Hah. SiKHiM Tibet, Yatung (Ilubson), 1 § ; Sikhim, 1 $ type. Exjp. 34-38 millim. 2002. Borolia ferrilinea. (Plate XCV. fig. 10.) Leuccmia ferrilinea, Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1900, p. 128. Head, thorax, and abdomen olive grey-brown tinged with rufous ; sides of palpi and frons blackish ; legs tinged with fuscous. Fore wing olive grey-brown more or less irrorated with dark brown ; traces of a dentate antemedial line from cell to inner margin ; the extremity of median nervure with pale streaks ; a rufous and black fascia above end of median nervure continued above vein 4 till met by an obliquely curved dark streak from termen just below apex ; orbicular and reniform represented by ill-defined small pale spots ; traces of a highly dentate postmedial line with two series of black points on it, the inner in intersimces. the outer on the veins ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing uniform fuscous brown; the cilia pale brown, with a dark line through them; the underside pale reddish brown thickly irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal lunule and indistinct sinuous postmedial line with dark streaks on the veins. Hah. W. China, Pu-tsu-Fang, 1 c? , 2 $ , type, Omeishan, 1 S , Moupin {Krickeldorf ), 1 J. Exp. ^4-36 millim. 2003. Borolia diopis, n. sp. (Plate XCV. fig. 11.) Leucania scirpi, Hmpsn. Nat. Hist. Sokotra, p. 323 (nee Dup.). 5 . Head and thorax ochreous white with a flesh tint ; palpi irro- rated with black at sides; abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged with fuscous leaving pale segmental lines, the ventral surface irrorated with black. Fore wing pale ochreous tinged with flesh-colour; a slight fuscous streak on extremity of luedian nervure and base of vein 4 ; faint traces of an antemedial line oblique from costa to submedian fold, then angled inwards on vein 1 ; traces of small pale orbicular and reniform stigmata ; faint traces of a crenulate postmedial line with black points on veins 6 and 4 ; the terminal 574 ko:tuii)J5. area slightly darker. Hind wing ochreous, uniformly suffused with fuscous ; the underside yellowish white, with slightly darker irroration on costal and terminal areas. Hah. SoKOTRA, A^dho Dimellus, 3500' (IF. R. 0. Grant), 1 $ type. Exp. 32 raillim. 2004. Borolia persecta, n. sp. (Plate XCV. fig. 12.) Head and thorax reddish brown largely mixed with black ; abdomen ochreous whitish tinged with fuscous. Fore wing pale ochreous brown, rather thickly irrorated with fuscous ; a greyish and black fascia in and below cell and thence to termen, towards which it expands to below apex ; some grey and black suffusion on fiostal area towards apex defining above an oblique ochreous fascia from apex ; a greyish and black fascia on inner area from before middle expanding at termen ; a black streak in lower part of cell and a small spot in lower angle ; the veins of terminal area defined by slight black streaks, the interspaces also streaked witli black ; a terminal series of small black spots. Hind wing white, the veins, costal area, and termen tinged with brown ; the underside with the costal area tinged with brown and irrorated with fuscous, a terminal series of black points. Hah. Natal, Estcourt (//»/c7t7»soJi), 2 c? type. ^Ir^). 34 millim. 2005. Borolia melanopasta. (Plate XCV. fig. 13.) Leucania melanopasta, Turner, P. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. 1902, p. SI.' (^ . Head and thorax ochreous with a slight olive tinge ; palpi blackish at sides ; tegulae with slight medial line and tipped with black and white scales ; patagia with some black scales near edges ; abdomen white, irrorated with fuscous towards extremity and on ventral surface. Fore wing ochreous with a slight olive tinge and irrorated with black, an ill-defined black streak below base of cell ; median nervure streaked with blackish except at base ; three black points in lower part of cell ; postmcdial line represented by a double series of black points, the inner in the interspaces, the outer on the veins, oblique below vein 4 ; a terminal series of small black spots. Hind wing ochreous whitish suffused with brown, especially on the veins and terminal half; a dark terminal line ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with fuscous, a dark discoidal spot and terminal series of black points. Hah. Queensland, Brisbane (Turnei-), 1 J . Exp. 34 millim. 2006. Borolia micropis, n. sp. (Plate XCV. fig. 14.) Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish ochreous irrorated with black. Fore wing ochreous, suffused in parts with reddish brown und irrorated with black ; a slight dark shade below the cell and tlience to an oblique shade from termen below apex ; three black points in lower extremity of cell, the one in lower angle with a BOROLIA. O ( «> semicircular whitish mark below it ; an indistinct minutely waved postmedial line, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, with a series of black points beyond it on the veins ; a terminal series of small black lunules ; cilia chequered fuscous and ochreous. Hind wing whitish, the terminal area tinged with ochreous ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with brown, a terminal series of black points. Hah. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marsliall, Dohbie), 2 c? , 1 2 ■> ^JP^- Ea;p. 28 millim. 2007. Borolia ciipreata, n. sp. (Plate XCY. fig. 15.) 5 . Head and thorax ochreous mixed with fuscous ; abdomen ochreous white, dorsally tinged with rufous. Fore wing ochreous, wholly suffused with cupreous red and irrorated with fuscous ; the costal edge fuscous ; an indistinct blackish antemedial line oblique from costa to submedian fold, where it is angled ; a small black patch beyond lower angle of cell with oblique line from it to inner margin ; a postmedial series of black points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; traces of a subterminal fuscous line slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points; cilia brown, with a fine pale line at base. Hind wing pale ochreous, the terminal area tinged with fuscous ; cilia ochreous at base, whitish at tips ; the underside with the costal area tinged with reddish and irrorated with brown, a discoidal point and traces of a curved postmedial line. Hab. Gazalanu, Chirinda Forest [Marshall), 1 5 type. Exji. 38 millim. 2008. Borolia bilineata, n. sp. (Plate XCV. fig. 16.) 2 ■ Head and thorax ochreous white irrorated with fuscous ; abdomen whitish irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing whitish suffused with purplish pink ; the veins and costal area irrorated with black ; subbasal line represented by a black striga from costa : antemedial line curved, slightly waved ; orbicular and reniform traceable as small pale spots, the latter with slight white streak below it ; postmedial line excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line indistinct, somewhat angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a tciminal series of black points. Hind wing j-ellowish white ; the underside with the costal ai'ea irrorated with brown. Hab. Bk. E. Afkica, Kikuyu {Cravshay), 1 $ type. Exp. 28 millim. 2009. Borolia sesamiodes, n. sp. (Plate XCV. fig. 17.) cT . Head and thorax pale red-brown slightly irrorated Avith fuscous ; tcgultc sometimes with traces of a dark line ; fore legs fuscous in front; abdomen white, tinged with fuscous except towards base, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing pale red-brown 576 NOCTUJD.y,. sliijhtly irrorated with fuscous: a curved postmedial series of black points and a terminal series ; cilia yellowish white, with a diffused fuscous line through thera. Hind wing yellowish white, the veins and terminal area tinged with brown ; the underside with post- medial series of fuscous points on the veins and terminal series. 5 . Slightly paler. Hah. Algeria, Hammam-es-Salahin {Walsiwjham), 4 cJ , 2 $ , type. Exp. 38-44 millim. Larva feeds in Arundo phraguntes with that of Sef^amia von- aijrioides, the perfect insects being almost identical in appearance. Genus MELIANA. Type. Melia, Curt. Brit. Ent. vi. p. 201 (182D), nee Bilb. Crust. 1820 . flammea. Melicma, Curt. Brit. Ent. vi. Index (1829) flammea. Neleucania, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxv. p. 203 (1902) nivcicosta. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned, fringed with hair in front ; frons with rounded prominence with corneous plate below it ; eyes large, rounded ; antennte of male ciliated ; head and thora.x clothed with hair, with scales below it and without crests ; tibiaj fringed with very long hair ; abdomen without crests. Fore wing with the apex somewhat acute, the termen rather obliquely rounded ; veins 3 Mud 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 and 6, 7 shortly stalked ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base. Sect. I. Antenna; of male bipectinate with short branches. 2010. Meliana pectinata, n. sp. Head and thorax white, tinged with violaceous and mixed with some rufous ; tegulte with slight dark lines at middle and near tips ; legs with blackish streaks ; abdomen ochreous white, tinged with rufous towards extremity. Fore wing white, tinged with violaceous and usually with rufous and irrorated sparsely with black ; a black streak below base of cell and a slight oblique streak Fig. 103. — Meliana pccfinaia, (J . above inner margin before middle; the median uervure and veins of terminal half white defined by fine brown streaks, the interspaces of terminal area also streaked with brown, the white streak on median nervure forming a hook on discocellulars, a black fascia above terminal part of median nervure, continued as IIELIANA. 577 a fuscous wedge-shaped mark to termeu, where it expands to below apex, and with some short black streaks from its inner edge, above vein 5 extending almost to cell ; a short black fascia in terminal part of submedian fold ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia brown intersected with white. Hind wing white, sometimes tinged with ochreous ; a more or less prominent terminal series of black points ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with black, a slight discoidal lunule. Ab. 1. Fore wing with the black markings replaced by pale brown or grey. Hah. Br. E. Africa, Machakos (Orawshay), 4 J , 2 $ , type, Kikuyu {Crawshay), 2 c^ , Eb Urru (Betton), 7 c? , 1 2, Gwelil {Betton), 1 c^ . Exp. 24-30 millim. Sect. II. Antennas of male ciliated. A. Tibia of male thickly fringed with long hair on both sides. 2011. Meliana rubripennis. Leucania rubripennis, Grote & Rob. Trans. Am. Ent. Soe. iii. p. 179, pi. '1. f. 77 (1870) ; Smith, Oat. Noct. N. Am. p. 186. io *2024. Meliana limitata. Lmcania limitata. Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mas. xxv. p. 187 (1902) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 162. cJ . Very pale creamy yellow ; head tinged with rufous in front ; teguliB white, greyish at base aud with black linear tips. Fore wiug with the median nervure streaked with white, defined above by a fuscous-brown streak coufluent with the triangular dark shade from termen below apex ; the median nervure defined below by a yellow-brown shade, the veins black-edged towards extremity ; a slight black streak below base of cell conttueut with a very narrow loop-like claviform stigma ; terminal area slightly darker. Hind wing white, the costal area on underside slightly darker. Uah. U.S.A., Texas. Exp. 33 millim. This species is unknown to me. 2025. Meliana stolata. (Plate XCV. fig. 35.) Leucania, stolata, Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 76, pi. v. f. 8 (I8S4) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 163. $ . Head whitish, the vertex tinged with rufous ; tegula3 white with grey tips ; thorax pale yellow, with some grey on vertex and black scales on upper edge of patagia ; abdomen white, the anal tuft tinged with ochreous, the ventral surface irrorated with brown. Pore wing pale yellow ; the costal and inner areas slightly irrorated with black ; a slight oblique blackish streak above inner margin before middle ; median nervure silvery white, defined below by a rufous fascia ; the basal parts of veins 4, 3 white ; an ill-defined fuscous fascia between veins 4 and 6 not reaching termen ; the veins of terminal area slightly defined by brown streaks and slight streaks also in the interspaces ; a black point in lower angle of cell and postmedial points on veins 5 and 2 ; a terminal series of black points; cilia grey. Hind wing pure white; the underside with the costal area slightly tinged with ochreous and irrorated with fuscous. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, Durango (Oslar), 1 $ , Arizona. £!rj9. 40 millim. *2026. Meliana patricia. (Plate XCV. fig. 26.) HeUophila pafrkia, Grote, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. iii. p. 46 (1880); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 186. $ . Head and thorax ochreous white, the head and tcgulaj strongly tinged with brown ; abdomen white. Fore wing ochreous, the costal edge and veins white ; a fuscous-brown streak in lower part of cell and above vein 4 to termen ; the veins of terminal half defined by fine fuscous streaks; cilia white. Hind wing white. Underside of fore wing with slight brown streaks on the veins. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, New Mexico, Hot Springs, 7000' {Hulst), in Coll. J. B. Smith. Exp. 30 millim. 586 xocxuiD.K 2027. Meliana bicolorata. (Plate XCV. fig. 27.) Heliophila bicolorata, Grote, Papilio, i. p. 154 (1881); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 185. 5 . Head and thorax ochreous with a brownish tinge ; abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged with pinkish. Eore wing ochreous : the costal edge and median nervure whitish ; the veins slightly defined by pinkish streaks ; pinkish fasciae above median nervure and vein 5 and on inner area ; a curved postmedial series of black points usually present, and sometimes an antemedial point on vein 1 ; a terminal series of slight black points. Hind wing white, with a slight pinkish tinge and some fuscous irroration, especially on the veins ; the underside white irrorated with fuscous. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, Glcnwood Springs, 2 $ ; New Mexico, Merino Valley, Arizona, Chiricahua Mts., Tucson ; Mexico, Orizaba, 1 5 . Exp. 32 millim. 2028. Meliana bertha. Meliana bertha, Scbaus, Lep. Sierra Leone, p. 34, pi. 3. f. 3 (1893). S . Head and thorax grey tinged with purplish and mixed with some fuscous ; abdomen pale, the anal tuft tinged with ochreous, some sublateral black points. Fore wing whitish, tinged with purplish i)ink and rather thickly irrorated with fuscous ; the veins defined by slight fuscous streaks, the interspaces of terminal area also streaked with fuscous; a black pwint in lower angle of cell and a rather conical black spot beyond the angle ; a slight oblique fuscous shade from apex ; a curved postmedial series of black points on the veins and a terminal series. Hind wing ochreous white, the termen slightly tinged with brown ; the underside Avith some fuscous irroration on costal area and a terminal series of black points. Hah. SiEEEA. Leone {Clements), 1 (S . Exp. 28 millim. 2029. Meliana rosea. (Plate XCV. fig. 28.) Leucania phrag7)iitidicola, W\k. ix. 97 (1856), uec Giien. Leucania rosea, Moschl. Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxx. p. 389 (1880). Leucania solita, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. i. p. 262 (part.), nee Wlk. 5 . Head and thorax whitish tinged with pink ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing pale pink, with diffused yellowish streaks in basal half of submedian fold and in discal fold beyond the cell, then bent upwards to apex; the veins with slight white streaks, more prominent on median nervure and vein 4 ; the costal and inner areas with slight black irroration ; a black point at lower angle of cell ; a curved postmedial series of slight black points and a terminal series. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area slightly tinged with pale brown; the cilia white; the underside 51ELIANA. 587 •with the costal area tinged with pink, a series of black points on termen from apex to vein 2. Bab. Mexico, Jalapa {TrvjiUo), 1 $, Godman-Salvin Coll.; Cuba; Haiti (Ihveedie), 2 $ ; Surinam. Exp. 34 millim. 2030. Meliana niveicosta. (Plate XCV. fig. 29.) Nelcucania niveicosta, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxv. p. 205 (1902) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Ain. p. 163. $ . Head and thorax red-brown ; abdomen ochreous, tinged with rufous and irrorated with black. Fore wing rufous, with a reddish tinge especially in cell and on inner area, and irrorated with a few black scales on inner area ; the costal edge white ; the veins pale defined by slightly darker streaks ; a slightly darker streak in and beyond lower part of cell ; an obliquely-curved post- medial series of black streaks on veins 6 to 1 ; a terminal series of slight black points ; cilia somewhat pinker, with a slightly darker line through them. Hind wing pale more or less suffused with fuscous brown, the cilia whitish. Underside whitish thickly irro- rated with large brown scales ; fore wing and costa of hind wing tinged with pink ; the cell and veins of terminal half of fore wing suffused with brown. d . Hind wing pinkish, with ridges of ochreous hair below vein 6, on vein 4, in submedian fold, and on vein 1. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, Glenwood Springs, 2 S , 1 ? • Exp.. 34 millim. 2031. Meliana tenehra, n. sp. (Plate XCV. fig. 30.) cJ . Head and thorax ochreous brown with an olive tinge ; sides of palpi and frons fuscous ; legs greyish, tinged with purplish pink ; abdomen pale ochreous, suffused and irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing greyish ochreous slightly irrorated with fuscous; the veins, streaked with white ; the cell and apical area tinged with rufous ; a rufous fascia below cell, expanding triangularly beyond lower angle to termen ; the median nervure slightly defined by black extending to termen below apex as a curved diffused streak ; a black and rufous fascia above' vein 1 from before middle to termen ; a terminal series of small black spots. Hind wing fuscous brown, with some black striae on termen ; cilia white at tips ; the undei- side whitish grey irrorated with fuscous, a discoidal lunulo and terminal series of spots. 5 . Brownish ochreous without the rufous tinge ; the white streaks on the veins obscured by fuscous streaks ; traces of a curved postmedial series of points ; the terminal series of spots absent ; underside of hind wing without discoidal lunule or terminal series of points. J/ab. Br. E. Africa, Eb Urru, 1 J type. Mile 478, Uganda Ry., 1 2 • E.rp. 32 millim. 588 xocxriD.K. 2032. Meliana citronella. (Plate XCV. fig. 31.) Ncleucania citronella. Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxv. p. 20(i (1902) ; D_var, Oat. Lep. N. Am. p. 164. $. Head and thorax pale ochreous ; antenna) white; abdomen ochreous, dorsally tinged with brown and ventrally irrorated with brown. Fore wing pale ochreous; the costal edge Avhite; a slightly darker streak in and beyond lower part of cell ; au obliquely-curved postmedial scries of black points on veins 6-1 ; cilia white. Hind wing whitish uniformly suHused with fuscous brown, the cilia white. Underside of fore wing ochreous, the sub- costal and median nervures and veins beyond the cell suffused with brown to near terraen ; hind wing white sparsely irrorated with brown, a postmedial series of brown streaks on the veins. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, Glenwood Springs, 2 $ , Denver, in Coll. J. B. Smith. Exp. 32 millim. 2033. Meliana rubra, n. sp. (Plate XCV. fig. 32.) Head and thorax pale brown-pink ; abdomen pale ochreous. Pore wing pale brown-piuk, s])arsely irrorated with black and with somewhat paler Streaks in submedian and discal folds, the latter bent upwards to apex ; costal edge whitish ; a subbasal black point in cell and antemedial black points on median nervure and vein 1 ; an ill-detined blackish spot at lower angle of cell ; a postmedial series of black points excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wdng semihyaline white, the veins and margins tinged with ochreous ; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated with dark brown, some terminal black points from costa to vein 2. Hah. Brazil, Petropolis {Doer), 1 S type, Bio Janeiro, 1 cj , 1 $ . Exp. 30 millim. *2034. Meliana prsegracilis. Heliophila prwgraciUs, Grote, Bull. U.S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Terr. iii. p. 119 (1S77); Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 185. Slender ; head and thorax yellowish ; abdomen white. Eore wing yellow-white, without markings. Hind wing white. Hah. U.S.A., Idaho, ? Colorado, ?]SIew Mexico, ii'^y. 30 millim. This species is unknown to me. Genus ZOSTEROPODA. Type. Zosteropoda, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 67 (1874) hirtipes. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi with the 2nd joint oblique, fringed with long hair in front, the 3rd joint porreet, rather long ; frons smooth ; eyes large, rounded ; antennae of male ciliated ; head and thorax clothed with ZOSTEROPODA. 589 hair only, without crests ; mid aud hind tibiae fringed witli very long hair on outer side ; abdomen without crests and with lateral fringes of hair on basal segments. Fore wing with the apex produced and acute, the termen nearly straight ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 and (>, 7 stalked ; 5 obsolescent from middle of diseocellulars ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base ; the costa lobed at base ; the male with fringes of long hair on upperside below vein 6, on median nervure and vein 3, in submedian fold, and on vein 1 to near termen. 2035. Zosteropoda hirtipes. Zosteropoda hirtipes, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ii. p. 68 (1874) ; id. 111. Essay, 56, pi. 2. f. 20; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 190. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen fulvous orange ; antenniT> whitish. Fore wing fulvous orange slightly irrorated with red- brown ; autemedial line red-brown, oblique from costa to cell, Fig. 167. — Zosteropoda hirtipes, c?. \. where it is angled, then inwardly oblique ; a fuscous discoidal spot ; postmedial line red-brown, very oblique from costa to vein 6, where it is very acutely angled, then inwardly oblique and slightly excurved ; a terminal series of red-brown points. Hind wing ochreous, with the fringes of long hair brownish ; the underside irrorated with brown, a fuscous discoidal spot and post- medial line angled at vein G. 5 with the postmedial line showing on upperside. Hab. U.S.A., California, 2 J , 2 $ type, Grote Coll., ( Walslngham) 2 2 . Kvp. 30 millim. Larva. Head lutcous, reticulate and dotted with brown. Body light straw-brown, reddish reticulate on a pale ground, paler dorsally. Dorsal lino pale anteriorly, edged by black clottings, which obscure it on the posterior half of body and form a pronounced powdery dark band, with the outlying tubercles i. and ii. black. Sides wdth rows of light and dark dots arranged in lines. Sub- stigmatal band broad, pale-edged, reddish filled, with a dark border above which becomes heavy and distinct posteriorly. Feet pale.— H. G. D. 590 NOCTUID.^. Genus LEUCANIA. Type. Leucania, Ochs. Sehmett. Eur. iv. p. 81 (1(S1()), non descr. ; Treit. Schniett. Eur. v. (II.) p. 289 (1825) paUens. Donachlora, Sodoffsky, Bull. Soc. Nat. Moss. 18;i7, vi. p. 14 . palleiis. IrhneuHca, Meyr. Trans. N.Z. Inst. xix. p. 13 (1887) ceraimias. Heliophila, IBLViha.. T^nt. ined pallens. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the 2nd joint frinorfd with hair, the 3rd short, porrect ; frons smooth; pyes large, rounded ; antenna of male typically ciliated ; head and thorax clothed with hair only and without crests ; tibiaj moderately fringed with hair ; abdomen with rough hair at base but without crests. Fore wing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell near Sect. I. (^Ichneutica). Antennae of male bipectinate, with long branches to apex. A. Fore wing with black fasciae below base of cell and above inner margin before middle ceraunias. B. Fore wing without black fasciae dione. *2036. Leucania ceraunias. Ichneutica cera.unim, Meyr. Trans. N.Z. Inst. xix. p. 13 (1887); Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 14, pi. iv. ff. 25, 26. S . Head and thorax reddish ochreous ; palpi blackish at sides ; abdomen ochreous tinged with brown. Fore wing ochreous tinged with rufous, the costal area and cell pale ochreous. emitting dentate marks along veins 6, 4, 3 to towards termen ; the area below sub- median fold ochreous ; a fine black streak in submedian fold to middle with a shorter streak below it ; an oblique streak above inner margin before middle. Hind wing ochreous suffused with fuscous brown ; the cilia pale at tips ; the underside ochreous, the veins and inner half tinged with brown. 2 . Fore wing narrower, the colour dull brown instead of rufous. Hah. New Zealand, Mt. Arthur, ^bW {Hudson),m Coll. Druce. Exp. 44 millim. *2037. Leucania dione. Ichneutica dione, Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 14, pi. iv. f. 27 (1898). (^ . Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous brown. Fore wing fuscous brown, the medial area rather darker ; an oblique whitish fascia from median nervure before middle to vein 1 beyond middle ; reniform whitish, angled outwards at upper extremity and inwards to a long dentate mark on median nervure ; terminal area greyer, with series of dentate brown marks representing the subterminal line and terminal series of lunules. Hind wing pale grey. Hah. New Zealand, Mt. Arthur, 4400'. ExpAQ millim. This species is unknown to me. LEUCAXIA. 591 Sect. 11. Antenna; of male bipeetinate with moderate branches, the apex serrate. A. Fore wing with the vpiiis fuscous,, not irrnrated with pale scales toroneura. B. Fore wing with tiie veins fuscous, irrorated with pale scales. a. Hind wing with the cilia ochreous unica. b. Hind wing with the cilia white, tinged with ochreous at base dttnedinends. *2038. Leiicania toroneura. (Plate XCVI. fig. 1.) Leucania toroneura, Meyr. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1901, p. 565. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish ochreous tinged with fulvous, the last with the ventral surface irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing brownish ochreous with a slight fulvous tinge ; the veins prominently streaked with fuscous. Hind wing ochreous suflTused with fuscous ; cilia ochreous white ; the underside pale brownish ochreous, the veins slightly streaked with fuscous. Hah. New Zealand, Mt. Cook, typef c? in Coll.Meyrick. Ev2i. 34 millim. This may be a variety of L. unica. 2039. Leucania unica. Leucania unica, Wlk. ix. 112 (1856); Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 12, pi. iv. f. 17. Nonagria juncicolor, Guen. Ent. Mo. Mag. v. p. 2 (1868). Head and thorax brownish ochreous with a slight fulvous tinge ; abdomen brownish ochreous, whitish at base. Fore wing brownish Fig. 168. — Leucania unica, (j". \. ochreous with a fulvous tinge ; the veins slightly streaked with fuscous ; the anteniedial line represented by black points on sub- costal and median nervures and vein 1 ; the postmodial line represented by a series of black points on the veins excurved from costa to vein 4, then oblique. Hind wing pale brownish more or less strongly suffused with fuscous, the cilia ochreous ; the under- side greyish ochreous irrorated with fuscous. Hah. New Zealand, Marlborough (Skellon), 3 c?, 15, type. Exp. 34 millim. 2040. Leucania dunedinensis. (Plate XCVI. fig. 2.) Spislotis dunedinensis, Butl. ?ined. cf . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous brown. Fore wing ochreous brown ; the veins slightly darker and irrorated with while 592 NOCTUID^. scales ; slight white points in and beyond lower angle of cell ; a curved postmcdial series of white points on the veins. Hind wing ochreous brown ; cilia white, tinged with ochreous at base. Under- side of fore wing with the marginal areas suffused with whitish ; hind wing whitish irrorated with brown. Hah. New Zealand, Dunedin (Purdie), 1 6 type. E.%y. 36 millim. Sect. III. Autennie of male minutely serrate and fasciculate. A. Fore wing witb dark streak in base of submedian fold ... semivittata. B. Fore wing without dark streak in base of submedian fold, hienheimensis. 2041. Leucania semivittata. Leucania semivittata, Wlk. xxxii. 6'28 (1865): Moths & Butterflies, p. 13, pi. iv. ff. 21, 22. Hudson, New Zealand Head and thorax ochreous tinged with rufous ; spurs banded with black ; abdomen ochreous irrorated with brown. Fore wing Fig. 1G9. — Leucania semimttata, J. i. ochreous ; a rufous fascia below the cell to below origin of vein 2, faintly continued as a curved mark to vein 2 beyond the cell, and a slight oblique streak above inner margin near base ; a subbasal black point in cell and three antemedinl points on the veins ; three points in upper part of outer half of cell and a slight streak in lower part ; a rufous shade below median nervure continued beyond the cell to meet a slight triangular shade from termen below a-pex ; a black point just beyond lower angle of cell ; a postmedial series of points bent outwards below costa, oblique below vein 4; a terminal series of points. Hind wing ochreous suffused with fuscous; cilia ochreous ; the underside ochreous, the costal area slightly tinged with rufous, a discoidal point, some postmedial streaks on the veins, and some stride on termen sometimes present. ffah. New Zealand (J. J. Wall-er), 1 d" , 1 2 , Auckland (O.flcy), 1 J type, (Mathetv) 1 d , 1 ? . Krp. 42 millim. *2042. Leucania hienheimensis. (Plate XCVI. fig. 3.) Leucania hlenheimen&is, Fereday, Trans. N.Z. Inst. xv. p. 196 (1882) ; Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 13, pi. iv. f. 23. S . Head and thorax ochreous tinged with rufous ; sides of palpi and frons blackish ; jiectus and fore legs in front fuscous ; fore tarsi black ringed with ochreous ; abdomen ochrcoi^s with a slight rufous LECCAXIA. 593 tinge, the ventral surface irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous tinged with rufous, the veins whitish irrorated with fuscous ; the antemedial line rejiresented b}f slight black points on the veins ; a minute streak at lower angle of cell ; a postmedial series of slight points, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; the veins slightly streaked with fuscous at apex ; cilia fuscous. Hind wing ochreous suffused with fuscous brown, especiallj^ towards termen ; cilia whitish with some brown at base ; the underside ochreous whitish slightly irrorated with brown. Hah. New Zealand, Blenheim, in Coll. Meyrick, Napier. Exii. 46 millim. Sect. IV. Antennse of male ciliated. A. Fore wing with the apex produced aud acute. 2043. Leucania sulcana. Leucania sulcana, Fereday, Trans. N.Z. Inst. xii. p. 267, pi. ix. f. 3 (1880) ; Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 13, pi. iv. ff. 19, 20. Head and thorax ochreous tinged with olive-brown ; palpi red- brown at sides ; a few black scales near upper edge of tegulse and Fig. 170. — Leucania sulcana, (^ . \. patagia ; abdomen black-brown, the anal tuft and ventral surface ochreous. Fore wing ochreous, the costal edge fulvous ; the inner area and the costal area towards apex with some dark irroration ; the veins pale ; the interspaces of terminal area streaked with reddish brown, a black streak in base of submedian fold followed by rufous suffusion above the fold ; a diffused rufous fascia above vein 4 ; a slight oblique streak above inner margin before middle ; a subbasal black point in cell ; antemedial black points in cell and on vein 1 ; a point beyond lower angle of cell and postmedial points on veins 6, 3, 1 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing deep dark brown. Underside ochreous yellow suffused with fuscous brown except costal and inner areas of both wings. TegulBD somewhat produced to a dorsal ridge ; fore wing with the apex produced and acute. Ilab. New Zealand (,/. J. Wnlher), 1 (S , Akaroa, Dunedin {Matheiv, Purdie), 1 J, 1 ? • Exj). 46 millim. VOL. T. 2q, 594 NOCTUID^. B. Fore wing with the apex not produced and acute. a. Abdomen of male with slight blackish ventral tufts from base. 2044. Leucania littoralis. Leucama littoralis. Curt. Brit. Ent. v. pi. 157 (1827); Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. iii. p. 74 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 193. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous brown, the last -with he ventral tufts of hair of male blackish. Fore wing pale ochreous brown, the costal area rather paler ; the median nervuro M"ith prominent white fascia slightly defined by fuscous, continued as ^^3 \W ^^ Fig. 171. — Leucania litioraUs, (^ . \. slight streaks on base of veins 2, 3 and on vein 4 to terraen ; slight white streaks on veins 6, 7, 8 towards termen ; the interspaces of terminal area with slight brown streaks. Hind wing pure white. Underside white slightly tinged with ochreous. Hah. Britain, England {DouUeday), Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls., Ireland, Derry {Salvage), Leech Coll. ; France ; Belgium ; Holland ; Denmark ; Germany ; Spain, Bilbao, Andalucia ; Italy {Heyne), Leech Coll. Exj:). 40-44 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 69 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 1.57, pi. 204. f. 1. Pale pinkish ochreous, grey, or greenish ; dorsal and subdorsal lines white, dark-edged ; lateral line sometimes white ; spiracular line pale or whitish ; head pale brown. Food-jjlant, Ammopliila arundinacea. 8-5. b. (Leucania). Abdomen of male without blackish ventral tufts. a'-. Fore wing without oblique white Aiscia from apex. a^. Fore wing with fine dark streaks in interspaces of terminal area, a'. Hind wing uniformly tinged with fuscous. a*. Fore wing with the veins not streaked with white. «'. Hind wing with the cilia ochreous favicolor. ¥. Hind wing witli the cilia white rubripallens. b*. Fore wing with the veins streaked with white. e'. Fore wing tinged with rufous fitliginosa. 6'. Fore wing not tinged with rufous oxygala. b^. Hind wing white more or less suffused with fuscous, a*. Fore wing with fuscous shade below median nervure. a'. Fore wing with veins 3, 4 prominently streaked with white albiradiosa. 595 h'\ Fore wing with veins 3, 4 not prominently streaked with wiiite. a^. Tegula; without dark lines minorata. h'^. Tegiihv with two dark lines straminea. b*. Fore wing without fuscous shade below median nervure. «■'. Fore wing with the streak on median nervure not forming a white point at lower angle of cell. a^. Fore wing with black point in lower angle of cell pallens. h'^. Fore wing without black point in loiver angle of cell iiiipunrfa. Ifi. Fore wing with the streak on median nervure forming a white point at lower angle of cell, ohsolefn. ?^. Fore wing without fine dark streaks in interspaces of terminal area. a^. Hind wing uniformly suffused with fuscous pudoriiia. P. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area tinged with fuscous languida. Fore wing with oblique white fascia from apex niveilinea. 2045. Leucania favicolor. Leucania /ayico/or, Barrett, Ent. Month. Mag. 189fi, p. 100; id. Lep. Brit, v. p. 141, pi. 201. f. 3 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 191. Head and thorax pale olive-brown ; abdomen pale fuscou.s brown, whitisb at base, the anal ttift of male ochreous, the ventral surface irrorated with black. Fore wing pale olive-brown ; the veins very indistinctly defined by slight brown streaks, the inter- spaces also with indistinct streaks, more prominent on terminal area ; traces of a minute black point in lower angle of cell ; traces of a more or less complete postmedial series of black points, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4, often reduced to points on veins 5 and 2. Hind wing whitish, almost uniformly tinged with fuscous ; the cilia ochreous white ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas sparsely irrorated with fuscous, a postmedial series of slight dark streaks on the veins, some black points on apical part of termen. Ab. 1. Much yellower. Ab. 2. Head, thorax, and fore wing bright rufous ; the abdomen and hind wing slightly tinged with rufous. Hah. Britain, Essex, Harwich (Matheiv), 1 S , 2 $ . E.vj-). 42 millim. 2046. Leucania rubripallens. (Plate XCVI. fig. 4.) Leucania rubripallens, Smith, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xsv. p. 182 (1902); Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 162. Head and thorax pale brownish ochreous ; abdomen ochreous white irrorated with black. Fore wing pule rufous ; the veins rufous defined by fine brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with brown ; traces of postmedial black points on veins 5 and 2 ; a 2q2 596 KOCTUIDJ.. terminal scries of black points. Hind ■wing pale, uniformly suffused with fuscous ; the cilia white. Underside of fore Aving fuscous, except marginal areas which are yellowish white irrorated with bro'wn, as also the hiud wing ; both wings with terminal series of black points. Hah. Canada, Br. Columbia, Kaslo (CocHe), 1 5; U.S.A., Colorado, Gleuwood Springs, 1 J . fcy. 34 millim. 2047. Leucania fuliginosa. Noctua f'uliginosa, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 174 (1809). Noctua 'punciina. Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 174 (1809) ; Steph. 111. Brit. Eut., Haust. iii. p. 75 ; Wood, Ind. Ent. f. 363. Noctua impura, Hiibn. Samml. Eur. Sclimetfc., Noct. f. 396 (1827) ; Bup. Lep. Fr. \\\. p. 73, pi. 105. f. 3; SteiDh. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. iii. p. 75 ; Herr.-SchiifF. Eur. ScLiuett., Noct. ff. 319-20 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 191. Leucania duiujana, Alpli. Hor. See. Ent. Ross. xvii. p. 83, i4. 3. f. 56 (1883). Leucania transhaikaJensis. Stand. Iris, v. p. 367 (1^92). LetKania amurenns, Staud. Iris, v. p. 367 (1892). Head and thorax brownish ochreous ; antennae whitish at base ; abdomen pale ochreous, ventrally irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous ; the veins whiter, the median nervure more prominently so, defined by fine red-brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with red-brown ; slight black irroration on costal and inner areas ; a brown shade below median nervure with some black irroration on it ; a black point in lower angle of cell ; post- medial black points on veins 5 and 2. Hind wing yellowish white nearly uniformly suffused with fuscous brown ; the costal area paler ; the cilia white ; the underside irrorated with dark brown, some black points on apical part of termen. Ab. 1. transhnikalensis. Pore wing irrorated with red-brown, the dark streaks almost obsolete. — Dauria. Ab. 2. dungana. Much browner or more fuscous ; fore wing with the dark streaks indistinct; hind wing nearly uniform fuscous. — W. and E. Turkestan, Tibet. Ab. 3. amurensis. Darker ; fore wing Avith the \Ahitish veins and dark streaks more distinct. — Amur. Hah. Britain', England, Ireland, Leech Coll. ; Fkance ; Denmahk ; Germany, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; jST. Lialy; Swkden; Russia, TJrals ; Asia Minor, Bythinia ; Syria ; W. Turkestan, Issyk Xul ; E. Turkestan, Kuldja, 1 J , 1 $ , Kashgar ; Tibet, Kuku-noor ; E. Siberia, Dauria, Amur ; Japan. Eorp. 3(5 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 71 ; Barrett, Lop. Brit. v. p. 137, pi. 201. f. 2. Pale greyish ochreous, sometimes tinged with reddish ; dorsal, subdorsal, and lateral lines whitish, edged with dark brown, the subdorsal more strongly above ; spiracular line brown or dark brown ; head pale brownish with darker markings. Food-plants, Grasses. 9-5. 597 2048. Leucania oxygala. (Plate XCVI. fig. 5.) Heliopkila oxi/gala, Grote, Can. EnL. xiii. p. 14 (1881) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 185. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous tinged with brownish, the last with slight dark irroration. Pore wing pale brownish ochreous ; the veins whitish defined by fine brown streaks ; the interspaces with fine brown streaks except on costal area ; a black point in lower angle of cell. Hind wing fuscons, the cilia white ; the underside pale thickly irrorated with fuscous, some black points on termcn. Hah. U.S.A., Colorado, I S type. Exp. 36 millim. *2049. Leucania albiradiosa. (Plate XCVI. fig. 6.) Leucania albiradiusa, Ev. Bull. Mosc. 1852, i. p. 158; Herr.-Schaff. Neue Schmett. f. 14; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 193. Head and thorax ochreous tinged with olive-brown ; abdomen ochreous white slightly tinged with brown. Fore wing ochreous, the veins streaked with white, the median nervure and veins 3, 4 more strongly so ; the veins defined by fine brown streaks, the interspaces also streaked with brown, the discal fold from cell to termcn with stronger streak, the median nervure defined below by brown suffusion. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal half more or less tinged with fuscous brown ; the underside white, the costal area irrorated with brown. Hah. KussiA, Urals ; W. Siberia, .Altai ; W. Turkestan, Issyk Kul ; E. TpekestaiV, Hi, in Coll. Piingeler. Exp. 38 millim. 2050. Leucania minorata. (Plate XCVI. fig. 7.) Leucania minorata, Smith, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 75, pi. v. f. 11 (1894) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 162. S . Head and thorax ochreous with an olive tinge ; abdomen, white irrorated with black, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing olive ochreous ; the veins defined by pale rufous streaks ; the interspaces towards termen with fine rufous streaks ; some diffused black scales below median nervure, sometimes a few on inner margin and as streaks above veins 2, 3 ; a slight oblique streak above inner margin before middle ; a black point in lower angle of cell and postmedial points on veins 5 and 2 ; sometimes traces of a postmcdial line bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; some black points on termen. Hind wing white, tinged with brown and irrorated with black scales, except towards base and costa ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas slightly irrorated with black, a small discoidal black spot, post- medial series of short streaks on the veins and terminal series of points. Hah. Canada, Alberta, Calgary (Wolley-Dod), 3 cJ, Br. Columbia^ Revclstoke (Mrs. Nicholl), 1 cJ , Kaslo (Cockh'), 4 c? , 3 9 , Vancouver {Livingston), 1 J ; U.S.A., Oregon, California. Exp. 34 millim. 6y8 NOCTUID.T:. 2051. Leucania straminea. Leuca7iia straminea, Treit. Sehinett. Eur. v. 2, p. 297 (1825) ; Dup. Lep. Fr. Suppl. iii. p. 346, pi. 32. f. 2; Prr. Neu. Beitr. Schmett. ii. f. 123; Herr.-Schafl'. Eur. Schmett., Noet. ff. 321-323; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 191. Head and thorax brownish ochreous ; tegulse with two dark lines defined by grey ; abdomen ochreous, whitish at base. Fore wing pale ochreous irrorated with a few black scales ; the veins defined by fine brown-pink streaks, the interspaces also streaked with brown-pink ; the median nervure defined below by diffused brown- pink ; a slight black point in lower angle of cell ; postmodial black points on veins 5 and 2 and sometimes traces of a complete series bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4 ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing white, the disk more or less sufi^'used with fuscous and with some postmedial dark streaks on the veins ; the underside sparsely irrorated with black, a discoidal lunule and some points on termen. Hub. Britain, Leech Coll. ; Feance ; Germany, Frey and Leech Colls. ; EussiA, tlrals. JExp. 34-40 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 71 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 144, pi. 202. f. 2. Brownish ochreous freckled with grey ; dorsal, subdorsal, and lateral lines pale, edged with dark grey ; subspiracular line pale ochreous ; head brownish ochreous. Food-plants : Phragmites and Grasses. 9-5. 2052, Leucania pallens. Noctua pallens, Linn. Syst. Nat. x. p. 510 (1758) ; Clerck, Icon. pi. 4. f. 6 ; Esp. Schmett. pi. 90. f. 1 ; Hiibn. Samml. Eur. Schmett., Noct. p. 234 ; Dup. L6p. Fr. vii. p. 68, pi. 105. f. 1 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., Haust. iii. p. 76; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 191; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 185. Noctua ectypa, Hiibn. Samml. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 231 (1827). HeliophUa pcrtracta, Morr. Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. xviii. p. 120 (1875) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 186. Leucania melania, Staud. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1889, p. 48. Leucania infumata, Alph. Rom. Mt§ra. v. p. 166 (1889). Leucania luteopallens, Smith, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. .\xv. p. 180 (1902) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep. N. Am. p. 162. Head and thorax ochreous, slightly tinged with brown on head Fig. 172. — Leucania pallens, ^. \. and tegulae ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing ochreous, the veins whitish defined by fine brown streaks ; the interspaces Avith fine brown streaks ; a black point in lower angle of cell, sometimes XEUCANIA. 599 almost obsolete ; postmedial black points On veins 5 and 2 some- times present. Hind wing white tinged with ochreous, especially towards termen, the veins and terminal area sometimes tinged with fuscous ; the underside white irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal lunule and sometimes some postmedial strise on the veins. Ab. 1. ectypa. Fore wing tinged with rufous. Ab. 2. melania. Hind wing grey ; fore wing fuscous below. — "W. and E. Turkestan, Tihet. Hob. Canada, Renfrew Co., 3 5, Hastings, 2 S; U.S.A., except S. States, New Hampshire, 1 S > co-type luteopalhns, Massachusetts (Pachard), 2^,4$, Newton Highlands, 1 cj' , New York, Trenton Falls (Doubledai/), 1 d ,. California, 1 c? ; Britain, Forres (Salvage), England, Leech Coll., Derry (Salvar/e) ; France, Sand Coll. ; Germany, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Switzerland ; N. Spain; Italy; Scandinavia; Russia, Livouia, Zeller Coll.; Humelia ; Siberia; "\V. Turkestan, Buchara, Ferghana, Issyk Kul ; E. Turkestan, Hi ; Mongolia, Uliassutai ; Tibet, Kuku-noor ; Amurland, Ussuri. Kv2J. 30-38 millim. Larva. Mevr. Brit. Lep. p. 71 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 140, pi. 202. f. 1. Ochreous or greyish ochreous ; dorsal line whitish edged with dark grey followed by a brownish shade ; subdorsal line whitish edged above strongly with grey, below by brown ; lateral and sub- spiracular lines pale ochreous ; spiracular line gi'ey ; head marked with brown. Food-plant, Grasses. 9-5. 2053. Leucania impuncta. (Plate XCVI. fig. 8.) Leucania impuncta, Guen. Noct. i. p. 83 (1852). Leucania decolorata, Blanch. Gay's Chile, vii. p. 81, pi. 4. f. 9 (1854). Head and thorax ochreous * abdomen ochreous white, dorsally slightly tinged with fuscous towards extremity. Fore wing ochreous ; the veins whitish defined by fine pale brown lines ; the interspaces with fine pale brown lines ; a terminal series of black points. Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins and termen slightly tinged with ochreous and fuscous. Hah. Chili (Edmonds), 2 c? , 2 $ , Coquimbo (/. J^ Walker),. 2 c?, 1 ? , Chilian (Elwcs), 1 $ . Exp. 44 millim^ 2054. Leucania obsoleta. Noctua ohsoleia, Hiibn. Samml. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 233 (1827) ; Dup. Ldp. Fr. vii. p. 77, pi. 105. f. 5 ; Steph. 111. Brit. Ent., llaust. iii. p. 74 ; Herr.-Schaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 303-6; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 191. Head and thorax ochreous, usually tinged with rufous and irrorated with fuscous ; fore tarsi black ringed with whitish ; abdomen whitish, tinged with ochreous and irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous, more or less tinged with rufous and irrorated with black ; the veins whitish defined by more or less prominent fine black or brown streaks ; the cell and interspaces of terminal coo nocxuidj:. half also with dark streaks ; a white point at lower angle of cell ; a postmedial series of black points on the veins, oblique below vein 4 ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia with two brown lines through them. Hind wing white ; the veins brown ; the terminal area suffused with brown ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with black, a discoidal point, postmedial series of short streaks on the veins, and terraiual series of points. Hah. Britain, Leech Coll. ; Prance, Sand Coll. ; Germaxt, Zeller and Frey Colls. ; Corsica ; Italy : Balkan States ; Scandinavia ; EussiA, Livonia, Zeller Coll. ; W. Tctrkestan, Issyk Kul ; Tibet, Kuku-noor. Exp. 38-40 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit. Lep. p. 70; Barrett, Lep. Brit. 7. p. 147, pi. 203. f. 1. Pale greyish ochreous, sometimes tinged with reddish or greenish ; dorsal line pale, edged with green ; subdorsal line pale or whitish with dark edges ; lateral line whitish ; spiracular line darker or green : head marked with brown. Food-plant, Phrag- mites, the larva hiding in the stems by day. 8-9. 2055. Leucania pudorina. Noctua pudorina, SchifF. Wien. Verz. p. 85 (1775); Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 401, 495; Dup. Lep. Fr. Tii. p. 75, pi. 105. f. 4; Steph. lU. Brit. Eut., Haust. iii. p. 80 ; Herr.-Scbaff. Eur. Schmett., Noct. ff. 329-331. Noctua impudens, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. f. 229 (1827); Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 191. Leucania obscurata, Staud. Eom. Mem. vi. p. 474 (1892). Head and thorax grey, tinged with purplish pink and irrorated with fuscous ; abdomen more or less tinged with rufous, especially in male. Fore wing grey, tinged with purplish pink and thickly irrorated with fuscous ; the veins whitish ; a slight fuscous streak above median nervure and vein 4 dilated into a wedge-shaped patch towards tornus ; a wedge-shaped fuscous patch from upper angle of cell to apex and diffused streaks in the interspaces of terminal area between vein 4 and tornus. Hind wing pinkish white uniformly suffused with fuscous, the cilia pinkish. Underside of fore wing fuscous, the veins, costal and terminal areas pinkish ; hind wing pinkish irrorated with fuscous. Ab. 1. obscurata. Darker; fore wing with more and more distinct dark streaks. — Ussuri. Hab. Britain, Leech Coll. ; France ; Germany, Zeller, Frey, and Leech Colls. ; N. Italy ; Dalmatia ; Sweden ; Eussia, Urals, Zeller Coll., Sarepta, Leech Coll. ; Armenia ; Asia Minor, Bithynia ; E. Siberia, Amurland, Ussuri. Exp. 38-44 millim. Larva. Meyr. Brit, Lsp. p. 71 ; Barrett, Lep. Brit. v. p. 134, pi. 201. f. 1. Pale ochreous brown ; dorsal line pale edged with blackish, and with a dark line below it ; subdorsal line pale or whitish edged with blackish, most strongly above ; lateral line dark-edged ; spiracular line fuscous ; head pale brown with darker markings. Food-plants : Phragmites and Grasses, 9-4. LEUCANIA. GOl 2056. Leucauia langiiida. (Plate XCVI. fig. 9.) LeiKonia languida, Stand. Iris, x. p. 284, pi. 9. f. 15 ; id. Cat. Lcp. pal. p. 191. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish ochrcous, the last whitish at base ; palpi blackish at sides. Fore wing brownish ochreous, the veins slightlj' irrorated with fnscous ; traces of a postmedial series of points bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 4. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area tinged with ochreous ; the underside with the costal area tinged with ochreous. Hab. Syria, 1 J . Exp. 34 millim. *2057. Leucania niveilinea, (Plate XCVI. fig. 10.) Chloridea niveilinea, Schaus, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xxi. p. 239 (1894). S . Head and thorax brownish ochreous and white ; abdomen pale browni, whitish below. Fore wing golden fulvous ; a silvery white subcostal fascia from base ending in a point bejond middle ; a fascia on medial part of median nervure and base of vein 2, where it is met by an oblique fascia from apex, emitting short streaks on its outer side on veins 2, 3, 4, 5 ; a fascia on vein 1 from base to beyond middle ; cilia white at tips. Hind wing pale brown ; the cilia white at tips ; the underside white slightly tinged with brown. Hah. Mexico, Las Vigas, type f S in Coll. Schaus. Exp. 30 millim. 602 NOCTUIDJ!:, ADDENDA and CORRIGENDA. Page 34. 1168. Scotogramma peculiaris, add (Plate LXXIX. fig. 9.) Page 45. *11S3 a. Anarta laerta. Anarta laerta, Smith, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 20 (1903). Head and thorax black mixed with fuscous-brown hair and scales ; tegute and patagia with pale tips ; abdomen black. Pore wing fuscous brown, the cell rather paler ; subbasal line defined by pale colour on inner side, dentate at the veins ; antemediul line single, rather evenly excurved ; claviform moderate or small, deiined by black and sometimes filled in with black ; orbicular round, variable in size and defined by black or filled in with black ; reniforra large, black-brown, sometimes constricted at middle ; a dark medial shade approximated below the cell to the postmedial line, which is single, dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then slightly incurved ; subterminal line pale, sometimes interrupted, defined on inner side by obscure spots and shades ; terminal area darkening to an interrupted black tcTminal line ; cilia pale at tips. Hind wing dirty white, the inner and terminal areas broadly black, connected with the large black discoidal lunule ; the base blackish ; cilia whitish ; the underside with large black discoidal lunule and sometimes a diff'used whitish subterminal line. Hah. U.S.A., Washington, Mt. Rainier, Utah, Silver Lake. Exp. 22-27 millim. This species is unknown to me. Page 46. 1186. Anarta mausi, Piing. Soc. Ent. xix. p. 130 (1904). Page 48. *1189 a. Lasiestra albinuda. Scofogramma albinuda, Smith, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 19 (1903). $ . Dark ashen grey with a fuscous tinge. Fore wing with the lines single, diffused, indistinct ; subbasal line very near base, in- curved below costa ; antemedial line erect, irregular, strongly excurved in submedian interspace ; orbicular moderate, round, barelj' traceable ; reniform rather small, dark ; a medial shade distinct towards costa, obsolescent below cell ; postmedial line lunulate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then in- curved ; subterminal line sometimes represented by some pale scales, defined on inner side by a dark shade, distinct towards costa, obsolescent towards inner margin ; a terminal series of dark lunules ; cilia slightly intersected with white and with pale line through them. Hind wang deep fuscous brown; a dark medial shade followed by some diffused yellowish ; a large black discoidal spot ; cilia pale ; the underside whitish or fuscous with darker irroration, a large discoidal spot and postmedial shade. Bab. Canada, Labrador, Kama. Exp. 32-33 millim. This species is unknown to me. ADDENDA AND COKRIGENDA. 603 Page 65. *1215. Polia navia, read (Plate LXXXVI. fig. 5.) Page 65. *1215 a. Polia bilinea. (Plate XCVI. fig. 11.) Hadena hilinea, Wilem. ined. c? . Head and thorax purplish brown mixed with grey ; abdomen grey-brown. Fore wing reddish brown suffused with purple-grey, especially on basal inner area and medial area ; subbasal line black, waved, from eostato submedian fold ; antemedial line strong, black, slightly curved ; claviform moderate, incompletely defined by black ; orbicular and reniform rather small, with pale brown centres and blue-grey annuli defined by black, the former some- times rather elongate and conjoined by a black streak to the latter, which is somewhat constricted at middle ; postmedial line strong, black, incurved and slightly sinuous from vein 6 to inner margin ; faint traces of an irregular grey subterminal line ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing uniform reddish brown ; the underside brown suffused with grey, a small discoidal lunule and traces of postmedial line on costal area. Hah. Japan, Tokio, type f S in Coll. Wiloman. Exp. 26-30 millim. Page 89. 1252. Polia insolens, add (Plate LXXX. fig. 29.) Page 132. *1303 a. Polia imitata. Mamestra imitata, Mssn. Stiibel's Reise, p. 141, pi. vi. f. 31 (1890). 5 . Head and thorax greenish grey ; patagia edged with black ; abdomen grey. Fore wing greenish grey suftused and irrorated with fuscous ; subbasal lino represented by a pale striga below cell defined on each side by black ; antemedial line oblique from costa to median nervure, then strongly excurved ; claviform only defined by a clavate white mark beyond it ; orbicular and reniform greenish grey defined by black, the former rounded, the latter open above and below and angled inwards on median nervure ; postmedial lino minutely waved, slightly bent outwards below costa, exctirved to vein 4, then oblique, the area beyond it paler; subterminal lino represented by a black striga from costa, then a white line dentate on veins 4, 3 and wdth black beyond it. Hind wing white, the terminal area tinged with fuscous. Hah. Ecuador, CoUanes-am- Altar, 1100'. Exp. 44 millim. This species is unknown to me ; structural characters examined by Prof. Karsch. Page 136. 1309. Polia pisi insert ab. saltdalens^s. Strand, Arch. Xaturv. Christian, xsv. no. 9, p. 11 (1903). XoRWAT, Saltdalen. Page 147. *1325 a. Polia albifluviata. (Plate XCIV. fig. 2.) Mamestra albifluviata, Druce, A. M. N. H. (7) xv. (April 1905). cf . Head white, palpi except end of 2nd joint, frons and band 604 KOCTUID.Ti;. between antennae black ; antennae black, ringed with white at base ; tegulae brownish white tipped with black ; thorax black n[iixed with white, the pectus irrorated with white and the tarsi ringed with white ; abdomen black, whitish at base, with sublateral tufts of long white hair, the ventral surface irrorated with white. Fore wing dark purplish grey; subbasal line white, defined on each side by black patches below costa and cell, waved, from costa to vein 1 ; antemedial line white defined on each side by black, represented by an oblique striga in cell, an angled mark in submedian interspace, and a medial striga on inner margin ; claviform only defined by a clavate white mark beyond it ; orbicular and reniform greenish white, very large, extending to costa and connected by a streak above median nervure, the former oblique elliptical, the latter with its lower extremity connected with the greenish-white terminal area, which is slightly irrorated with black and strongly angled inwards above and below middle ; postmedial line white defined by black, minutely waved, interrupted, oblique towards costa and below vein 4, some white points on costa beyond it ; subterminal black patches on costa, at middle, and above tornus ; small white patches on inner margin before antemedial and bej'ond postmedial line ; cilia chequered white and black. Hind wing white, the costal and terminal areas fuscous brown, the latter narrowing to tornus ; cilia intersected with white except towards apex ; the underside with the costal area irrorated with white, a black dis- coidal spot. Hah. Colombia, Honda, 1000' (^Wheeler), tj-pc in Coll. Druce. Exp. 36 millim. Page 147. *1325 h. Polia hieroglyphera, Moma hlcroghjphcra, Mssn. Stiibel's Reise, p. 137, pi. t. f. 17 (1890). Head and thorax bluish grey ; tegula3 with fuscous tips ; patagia and thorax with fuscous patches ; abdomen grey suffused with fuscous. Fore wing grey-white ; a small black spot at base and subbasal spots on costa and inner margin ; an antemedial triangular patch on costa and another below the cell ; claviform represented by a triangular black patch with oblique mark below it on inner margin ; orbicular and reniform only defined by a black spot before them in cell, a triangular patch between them emitting two arms to costa and a triangular patch beyond them ; postmedial line only represented by a striga from costa, a triangular patch before it below the cell, and a conical patch on inner margin ; a V-shaped black mark on costa before apex with a black spot between its arms ; an oblique subterminal black mark at middle and an oblong patch above tornus ; cilia chequered black and white. Hind wing white, the apical area fuscous, narrowing to a point at vein 1. Underside of fore wing fuscous with some whitish on disk ; hind wing white, with the costal and apical areas fuscous. Hah. EcuADOE,Antisana, 12,000'. ^^.r^^. 36 millim. This species is unknown to me ; structural characters examined by Prof. Karsch. ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA. 605 Page 160. *134S a. Polia canosticta. (Plate XCIV. fig. 1.) Mamestra canosticta, Druce, A. M. N. H. (7) st. (April 1905). 5 . Head and thorax red-brown slightly irrorated with grey, the dorsum of thorax mostly grey ; abdomen fuscous brown irrorated with grey. Fore wing red-brown irrorated with grey ; subbasal line defined by diffused grey on each side of it, from costa to sub- median fold : antemedial line indistinct, waved, bent inwards in cell, defined by difi'used grey patches before and beyond it, forming a large patch on inner margin ; orbicular and reniform grey, their centres defined by brown, the former round ; an indistinct medial line somewhat oblique from costa to median nervure ; postmedial line defined by patches of grey on outer side, minutely waved, slightly bent outwards below costa, escurved to vein 4, then in- curved ; subterminal line crenulate, slightly angled outwards at vein 7 and escurved at middle, with prominent series of grey patches beyond it, the apical one rather large ; a terminal series of grey points ; cilia slightly irrorated with grey and with fine pale line at base. Hind wing fuscous brown, the cilia ochreous ; the underside pale irrorated with brown, a slight discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hah. Bolivia (Gccrlejyp), type f in Coll. Druce, B.rp. 42 millim. Page 183. *1385 «. Polia ? lata. Hecatera Iceta, Mssn. Stiibel's Eeise, p. 145, pi. vi. f. 29 (1890). 2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen grey tinged with brownish ; tegulae with black medial line. Fore wing white, largely suffused with pale brown to the postmedial line ; subbasal line represented by double black striae from costa and cell filled in with white ; antemedial line double filled in with white, angled outwards below costa, then oblique, slightly waved ; claviform only defined by a slight white mark beyond it ; orbicular and reniform small, with brownish centres and white annuli defined by black, the former round, the latter ill-defined below ; postmedial line defined by white on outer side, waved, bent outwards below costa and strongh^ incurved below vein 4 ; subterminal line defined by somewhat wedge-shaped black patches before it below apex, at middle, and above inner margin ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia chequered grey and black. Hind wing white, the veins and terminal area tinged with fuscous. Hah. Ecuador, Chaupi, 9500'. Exp. 28 millim. This species is unknown to me ; structural characters examined by Prof. Karsch. Page 187. *1394 a. Polia lunolacta. Mamestra lunolacta, Smith, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. xi. p. 17 (1903). 5 . Head and thorax fuscous mixed with black and with some ■whitish or greenish scales, the head with some grey ; tegula3 with GOG KOCTi'iDj;. slight medial line, and black line before the tips which are grey ; abdomen fuscous. Fore "wing fuscous mixed with black and with some whitish or greenish scales; subbasal line double filled in with creamy or greenish scales ; antemedial Mne double filled in with greenish, obliquely excurved ; claviform small, incompletely defined by black and yellowish or greenish scales ; orbicular small, narrow, oblique, with slight pale annulus defined Vjy black ; reniform narrow, with rather prominent white annulus defined by black ; postmedial line double, the outer line incomplete, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique ; subterminal line whitish, defined by black scales or spots on inner side and a lunulate white patch above vein 1, rather irregular ; a terminal series of whitish lunules ; cilia yellowish at tips. Hind wing fuscous, rather paler at base ; cilia whitish, with a fuscous line through them ; the underside pale with dark irroration, a small discoidal spot, postmedial line, and terminal shade. Hah. U.S.A., Washington, Pullman, Idaho. E.rp. 27 millim. This species is unknown to me. Page 211. *1426a. Hadenaelaeistis. (Plate XCIV. fig. 3.) Hadena eleistis, Druce, A. M. N. H. (7) xv. (April 1905). 5 . Head and thorax olive-brown mixed with some black ; palpi with the 3rd joint black at sides, whitish above ; frons with blackish bar with some white above it ; tegulse with some black near base and white medial line and tips ; patagia edged with white ; prothoracic crest rufous tipped with white ; pectus whitish and olive ; legs white and fuscous ; abdomen rufous, brown at base, the ventral surface whitish irrorated with brown. Fore wing olive- brown, the subcostal nervure, median nervure, and vein 4 to just beyond postmedial line and vein 1 with purplish-white fascine ; subbasal line represented by oblique white striae from costa and cell, defined on each side by black, the black forming a streak in submedian fold to antemedial line, which is represented by two black points at costa and below the cell by a whitish line very strongly angled outwards on vein 1, defined by black on both sides in submedian interspace and on both sides below vein 1 ; claviform very elongate, and acute at extremity, defined by black and with oblique whitish streak above it ; orbicular and reniform narrow and confluent below, with olive centres and yellowish-white annuli defined at sides by black, the former oblique oblong ; traces of a postmedial line strongly bent outwards below costa, then oblique and placed on an oblique yellowish-white band from apex to vein 1, some dentate black marks before and beyond it with yellowish lunules on them representing the subterminal line ; a pinkish band before termen ; cilia brown, with black line through them followed by white. Hind wing whitish, the veins, inner and terminal areas ADBENDA AND CORIiEGEXDA. GOT suffused ■with brown ; the underside with the costal and terminal areas irrorated with brown, a black discoidal lunule. Hub. N. PEPvU,Huancabamba, 9000', type tin Coll. Druce, Exp. 36 millim. Page 211. * 1426 6. Hadena cenistis. (Plate XCIV. fig. 4.) Hadena cenistis, Druce, A. M. N. H. (7) xv. (April 1905). 2 • Head and thorax bright red-brown mixed with black and some grey ; patagia with white stripes edged with black; abdomen red-brown slightly mixed with grey. Fore wing bright red-brown suffused in parts with black ; the subcostal uervure and vein 1 streaked with purple- grey, the median nervure and base of vein 4 with white ; subbasal line represented by a slight pale striga from costa and an oblique white striga below cell defined on each side by black ; antemedial line pale defined on each side by brown, angled outwards below costa, inwards on median nervure, and out- wards above inner margin ; claviform an ill-defined black patch with traces of pale streak above it on base of vein 2 ; orbicular and reniforra small, with rufous centres and white aunuli defined by black, the former rounded, the latter oblique elliptical ; postmedial line indistinct, slightly bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then very oblique and ])laced on an oblique pinkish-white band from apex to vein 1, a series of dentate black marks before and beyond it interrupted by yellowish-white lunules representing the subterminal line : some white points on costa towards apex ; a purple-grey band just before termen, on which there is a fine waved black line ; cilia chequered fuscous and brown. Hind wing fuscous brown, the interspaces of basal half paler ; cilia pinkish with a brown line through them ; the underside whitish, the veins costal and terminal areas suffused with purple-pink and irrorated with fuscous, a black discoidal spot and slight curved postmedial line. Hab. N. Perf, Huancabamba, type f in Coll. Druce. E.ip. 40 millim. Page 214. *1431 a. Hadena calographa. Mamestra calographa, Mssn. Stiibel's Reise, p. 140, pi. vi. f. 8 (1890). S . Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous mixed with grey. Fore wing blackish ; subbasal line represented by black stride from costa and cell defined on each side by grey ; antemedial line represented by two grey spots on costa, then by a black line defined on each Bide by yellowish, angled outwards on vein 1 and strongly bent iuAvards to inner margin ; claviform only defined by an oblique yellowish streak above its extremity ; orbicular and reniform yellowish, the former small, oblique elliptical, and conjoiued below to G08 XOCTUID^. the latter, which is angled inwards on median nervure and has its centre defined by brown ; postmedial line strongly angled outwards below costa and defined by greyish, then placed on an obhque rather irregular yellowish band running from apex to inner margin and connected with termen by a streak at vein 3 ; a series of pale points just before termen ; cilia fuscous and grey. Hind wing white, the veins and termen tinged with fuscous. Hab. Ecuador, Antisana, 12,000', Exp. 38 millim. This species is unknown to me ; structural characters examined by Prof. Karsch. Page 248. 1479. Mamestra imj>ia, Piing. Soc. Ent, xix. p. 153 (1905). Page 253. *1486 a. Nephelistis conservulodes. (Plate XCIV. fig. 5.) Nephelistis co7iservulodcs, Druce, A. M. N. H. (7) xv. (April 1905). 2 . Head and thorax grey mixed with red-brown ; tegulae and patagia edged with red-brown ; abdomen ochreous dorsally tinged with brown, the anal tuft pale rufous. Fore wing golden brown irrorated with fuscous ; subbasal line represented by a black point on costa ; antemedial lino indistinct, grey, oblique, from costa to vein 1 ; claviform only defined by an oblique yellow streak above its extremity ; orbicular and reniform purplish grey irrorated with fuscous, with yellow annuli defined by black, the former oblique, open above and its lower part produced to an angle confluent with the reniform, which is rather narrow and oblique ; postmedial line grey and very obliquely excurved from below costa to a small pink-tinged grey patch above vein 5 befoi'e the subtermiual line, then hardly traceable, oblique and angled inwards on vein 1, some pale points beyond it on costa ; subterminal line yellow, slightly sinuous, the area beyond it purple-grey ; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hind wing yellowish white, the veins and terminal area suffused with brown; cilia whitish, brown at base. Underside of fore wing fuscous, the costal and terminal areas fiery red ; hind wing whitish, the costal and terminal areas slightly tinged with red and irrorated with brown, a brown discoidnl lunule. Hab. Colombia ( Wheeler), type f in Coll. Druce. Exp. 40 millim. Page 261. 1498 a. Chabuata chipeta. (Plate XCIV. fig. 12.) Tricholita chipeta, Barnes, Can. Ent. xxxvi. p. 202 (1904). a, Christ. Iris, vi. p. 91 (1893) ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. l;">5 Persia. 2 k 2 612 NOCTUIDiE. Mamesira mcndica. Stand. Iris, vii. p. 27-, pi. ix. f. 13 (18i)-l) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 160. ? near Ejjia silcnes. Asia Minor, „ jnnWto-ff, Wlk. Entom. V. p. 126 (1870). Type lost. Mt. Sinai. ,, o*-f?/iifl?-?a, Wlk. xxxii. 664(1865). Type lost. S.Africa. „ {Saragossa) sedioldl, Stand. Iris, xiii. p. 109 (1900) ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 160 Spain. „ solicjena, Moschl. Abb. Senck. Ges. xiv. p. 45, f. 18 (1886). Jamaica. „ tarara, Holl. Psyche, vi. p. 566 (1893) . . Caraeroons. „ tetrica, Grses. Berl. ent. Zeit. 1888, p. 325 ; Stand. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 157 Amurland. Melanchra alcyone, Hndson, New Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 24, pi. V. f. 14 (1898). ? Morrisonia near stipata. N. Zealand. „ asterope, Hndson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 24, pi. V. f. 15 (1898). ? Morrisonia near dotata. N. Zealand. „ ccBleno, Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 26, pi. iv. f. 39 (1898). ? Morrisonia near lignana. N. Zealand. „ exquisita, Philpott, Tr. N.Z. Inst. xxxv. p. 246, pi. xxxii. f. 2 (1903). ? near Polia pictula N. Zealand. ,, grandiosa, Philpott, Tr. N.Z. Inst. xxxv. p. 246, pi. xxxii. f. 1 (1903). ? Morrisonia N. Zealand. „ 7naya, Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 17, pi. iv. f. 31 (1898). ? Morrisonia near dotata. N. Zealand, „ merope, Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 19, pi. V. f. 2 (1898). ? Polia near pictula . . N. Zealand. „ octans, Hndson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 25, pi, V. f. 1 (1898). ? Xyhmania near naiahnsis. N. Zealand. „ ojnicron, Hudson, N. Zealand Moths & Butterflies, p. 22, pi. V. f. 42 (1898). ? IJi/ssia near cucidlina. N. Zealand, „ umbra, Hudson, Tr. N.Z. Inst. xxxv. p. 243, pi. xxx. ff. 7-9 (1903). ? Morrisonia N. Zealand. MytJiimna imbeUis, Stand. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1888, p. 28 ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 194. ? Eriopygodes W. Turkestan. „ luteomacidata, Brem. Faun. Nord. Chin. p. 17 (1853). ? = Ctrpliis Jiavostigma N. China. Nephelodes ruholans, Guen. Noct. i. p. 130 (1852). Type lost. Australia. Noctua digramme, F. de W. Ent. i. p. 201, pi. 5. f. 5 (1820) ; Staud, Cat. Lep. pal. p. 160. ? Eua-oa Enssia. Orthodes calceolarius, Streck, Lep. Ehop. & Het. Suppl. iii. p. 33 (1900) ; Dyar, Cat. Lep, N. Am. j). 164. ? Eriopyga. New York, ADDENDA AND CORRIGENDA. 613 Orlhodes iniora, Streck. Lep. llhop. & Het. Suppl. i. p. 8(1898); Dyar, Cat. Lep. X. Am. p. 1G4. ''^. Erio_iuj(ja. Wisconsin. „ maJHscuIa, Herr.-Schiiff. Corresp.-Blatt zool.-min. Ver. Ivegensb. 1868, p. 148 Cuba. FoUa obvia, Ev. Eull. Mosc. 1856, ii. pi. 2. f. 7, & iii. p. 77 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 159. ? =Polia dentina. . . . Russia. ,, simplex, Staud. Stett. ent. Zeit. 1889, p. 39 ; id. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 180 {Mamestra) ■, Tiing. Iris, 1902, p. 160, pi. v. f. 10 W. & E. Turkestan. Segetla hiundidata, Motsch. Et. Ent. 18G0, ix. p. 33 ; Staud. Cat. Lep. pal. p. 193. ? = Eriopyga c/randia .... Japan. Tceniocampa alamosa, Barnes, Can. Ent. xxxvi. p. 201 (1904). Arizona. cMHila, Moore, A. M. N. H. (5) i. p. 234(1878); id. 2nd Yarkand Mission, Lep. p. 11, pi. 1. f. 11, ?= Hadula op)thna Yarkand. ,, styracis, Guen. Noct. i. p. 357 (1852) ; Smith, Cat. Noct. N. Am. p. 206 ; Abbot's figure is in the Boston Society of Natural History U.S.A. ALPHABETICAL INDEX. [Synouyms are printed in italtes.'\ abbas {Mamcstra), 10l2. abdomiiialis (Cirphis), 4b9, 525. abdominalis (Leucania), 525. abdominalis {Nonayriu ), 489. aberrans (Bianthoecia), 229. aberrans (Epia), 229. abrupta (Hadena), GIO. abrupLa (Neuria), (>iy. abstracta {Axylia), 538. acadiensis (Anarta), 42. acalus (Eriopyga), 296. acceptrix {Mamestra), 369. arcipi/)-ina {Noctwi), 105. Acerra, 403. achates {Noctua), 96. achat ioides {Hetero- ckroma), 290. achat ioides (Proteinania), 290. aeonlislis (Leucania), 610. acontosema (Dasygaster), 475. acontosema {Leucania), 475. aerapex (Borolia), 569. actinolmlu {Hadena), 25. acufipeunis {Mataestra), 144. Adiipbacnura, 460. addenda (Moniina), 422. addenda {Tmniocampa), 422. adjuncta {Chariptera), 117. adjuncta (Cirphis), 489. adjuncta {Leucania), 489. adjuncta {Mamestra}, 110. adjuncta (Polia), 117. adjuta {Heliophila), 532. adiidranda {Diantha:cia), 229. adunea (Eriopyga), 353. adonea {Heliophila), 521. adonea {Ferigea), 353. ad'uliera {Leucania), 547. adusta {Leucania), 518. advena (Noctua), 110. ad vena (Polia), 110. cethiopis {Anarta), 43. Mlhria, 60. ati'urata (Eriopvga), 350, 610. afra (Mamestra), 104, 611. Aglossestra, 225. ugnata {Dryobota), 332, 338. agurastis ( Majnesfra), 371. agorastis (Morrisonia), 371. agrotit'orinis (Eriopyga), 302, 610. agrutiform is ( Graphi- phora), 302. agrotifurniis {Hadena), 31. agroliforniis (Scoto- granuna), 31. akalus {Orthodcs), 296. alala (Ilydrceciudes), 255. alala {Xanthia), 254. alaiuosa (Treuiocauipa), 613. alba (Mamestra), 611. albiceps (Cerapteryx), 4()3. albiceps {Hadena), 463. albicolon {Xoctua), 238. albicolon (Trichotlea), 238. d.bicostn {Alc/ia), 267. alliicosta {Axylia), 21. albicosta (Cbabuata),3ti7. albicosta (Cirphis), 507. albicosta (Craterestra), 21. albicosta {Leucania), 507. alhidilinea {Noctua}, 12. albifasciata (Cirphis), 525. alhijiuviata {Mamestra), 603. albiliuviata (Polia), 603. alSifusa {Hadena), 29. albilinea (Meliana), 583. albilinea {Noctua), 583. albimacula {Noctua), 200. albimacula (Polia), 200. albiniargo (Chabuata), 270. albimargo { Orthodcs), 270. alliina {Mamestra), 472. (tlbineura {Heliophobus), 462. albinuda (Lasiestra), 602. ulblnuda {Scotoyramma), 602. albipicta {Mamestra), 235. albipuncta (Eriopyga), 336. albipuncta {Noctua), 438. albipuncta {Orthodes), 336. albipuncta (Sideridis), 438. albiiadiosa (Leucania), 597. albirena (Chabuata), 271. aibirena {Noctua), 43, 271. albistigma (Cirphis), 543. albistirjina { Leucania), 543" 6]G ALniABETICAL ISDEX. cdhivena {A.rylia), 486. ulhivena {Leiicania), 537. albivenata (Cirphis), 6U5. albivenata (Leiicania), 605. albivitta (Borolia), 559. all)ivi(ta {Levrania), 559. albivitta (Odontestra), 20(i. albogntfulis {Maqusa), 191. ulhoyutiaia {Mamcsfrd), . ISB. alhogultata (Polia), 186, alhomart/hiata ( Celcena), 147. alboinarginata (Polia), 147. alboradiata (Cirpbis), 536. alcjone (Melanchra), 612. Alefia, 436. algidu {Altar fa), 39. alia (Moiiima), 430. alia {T(eniocampa), 430. aliena {Mamestra), 99. aliena {Nod'ita), 100, 354. aliena (Polia), 100. alojia (Leiicania), 611. alopecuri (Cirpliis), 538. alo2Jeci(ri (Lcucaiiia), 538. alpicola (Koctna), 45. alpina (Anarfa), 42. alpina {Noctva), 354. altaica (DianiJioecia), 60 . altaica [Hadena), 99. altaica (Lasionjcta), 58. alluica (Polia), 58, 99. altemans {Bapalia), 400. alternans (Xylouiaiiia), 400. alfua (Ma7ve>-tra), 178. alurina (Moninia), 430. alurina ( 1 an iocavrpu ) , 430. Alysia, 278. amaryllidis (Plialaiia), 459. amhigiia (Xor/i'a), 420. aniblycasis (Cirpbi.s), 495. am hli/ca sis (Leucaiiia), 495 aniens (Borolia), 558. omens {^Leiicania), 558. amfricana {yiuronia), 217. anicrjcana (Tliolera), 217. amn icola (Lcucania ), 501. amcrba (Chabuata), 269. anipla (Chabuata), 272. amurensis (Lcucania), 596. aiii'icrensis (Mamestra), 100. aviyqdaliiia {Hcliophila), 5(i6. aiiarqyria (Lcucania), 43s". Anai-ta, 37. andalusica (Bianihaciu), 79. andahisica (Mamcstra\ 12. andereggi (Cirphis), 536. andcrcqqii (Lcucania), 536.' ■ avgolcnds (Diap/ione), 453. avquina (Mamesira), 144. angiiina (Polia), 144. angulata (Perigonica), ■J 36. anyul'ifera (Aletia), 266. angulifera (Chabuata), 266. cmyusta (Mamesira), 369. angustipennis(Leucania), 611. anc/usfus (Bomhyx), ^'11. annidala (Bam/iy.v), 201. annulimacula (AJoiiinia), 422. annulimacula (Tanio- campa), 422. anterodara (Cirphis), 526. uriicroclara (Leiicania), 526. onthophila ( Ccla-na), 10. anthophila (Tri(4iestra), 10. anthracias (Hyssia), 284. anthracias (Lcucania), 284. antica (Levcaiiia), 547. aniica (Trichoclea), 241. antipocla (Mamesira), 388. anydra (Mamesira), 238. aperia (yvciua), 141. Aplccta, 60. apparata (Borolia), 557. appara ia (Le uca n ia ), 557. a ra ch n ias ( Ma me sir a), 376. arh'uiicolcns (Celesna), 9. arbuticolenri (Trichestra), 9. arcupunctata (Cirphis), 549. arcupunctaia [Leucan ia), 549. arenaria (Discestra), 16. a7-gcniina (JS'ocina), 111. argillacea (JS'octua), 79. argyrifis (Leucania), 438. aria (Koctua), 93. urida (Hadena), 238. arietis (Lasionjcta), 58. arieiis (Mamesira), 58. armata (Mamestra), 25. armata (Scoiograrama), 25. armerice (Bianfhcecia), 202. aroiis (Leucania), 387- arschanica (Hadena), 61. arschanica (Polin), 61. ariesta (Mamesira), 237. artesta (Trichoclea), 237. arthrolita ( Graphiphoru), 425. arthrolita (Monima), 425. arun dinicola (Nonagria), 578. asiatica (Anarta), 39. asiuiica (Mamesira), 114. asiatica (Monosiola), 356. asiatica (Nephelodes), 356. asJioldu (Aplecia), 114. as/iolden s is ( Tati io- caiiipa), 414. aspeisa (Borolia), 566. aspersa (Lcncania), 566. Aspidifrontia, 460. assimilis (Mamestra), 158. assimilis (Polia), 158. assini His ( Tan iocampa), 545. asterope (Melanchra), 612. Asiropetis, 60. atalantica (Trichoclea), 239. at a visiis (Aspidifroniia), 470. atavistis (Graphauia), 470. ALruAiurncAL indkx. af Ian (tea (Maincsfrci), 133. atlantica (Polia), 133. atrifera (Meliana), 580. atri macula (Cirphis), 543. atrimacula {Leucania), 643. atrinota (Cirpbis), 523. atrirei\a (Polia), 158. atristriga (Persectania), 388. atristriga {Xylina), 388. aulacias (LencanuC), 387. aulacias (Persectania), 387. aurari£e (Clavipalpnla), 433. auntricB ( Twniocampa), 433. aureola (Leucania), 611. uuripicta {Neuria), 207. avinmnalis {Agrotis), 218. a versa {Leucania), 386. axylides (Aspidif'rontia), 452. axylides (Hadena), 452. aya (Agrotis), 159. aya (Polia), 159. azteca {Hydracia), 256. aztera (Hjdrceciocles), 256. azucara (Eriopyga), 331. azucara {Mamestra). 331. Barathra, 11. harrettii {Dian ihacia ), 79. baruna (Eriopjga), 294. Iiaruna (Mameatra), 294. basilinea {Leucania), 564. bazija? (Leucania), 611. beani (Polia), 148. hpanii {Mamestra), 148. iiehejisis {Noctua), 194. hehrensiana {GrapJii- pJwra), 390. bebreu.siana(Xj'loinania), 390. 1)ella (Mamestra), 155. bella (Xylomania), 399. hclla {A'y/owyges), 399. bi-rtba (Meliana), 586. hicoJorata {Hclioj^hilu), 586. hicolorata {Mamestra), 170. bicolorafa (Meliana), .''SG. hicruris {rhalavo), 195. bicruris (Polia), 195. bifascia {A.vylia), 21. bifascia (Craterestra), 21. bifascia ta (Oirpliis), 523. hifu6ciata {Leucania), 523. bifida {Mamestra), 129. bllinea {Hadeiia), 603. bilinea (Polia), 603. bilineata (Borolia), 575. b im acu lat us {Bom hyx), 416. bimacidosa {Xuctiia), 114. bistriqata {Leucania), 504. bisulca {Mamestra), 373. biaulca (Morrisonia), 373. biundulata (Segetia), 613. blandiija { Caradrina), 351. blenbeimensis (Leucania), 592. blcnna {Noctua), 92. ImhemaHni {Anarta), 192. bobemanni (Polia), 192. Ixyisduvali {Noctua), 540. boltcri {Ma7nestra), 156. bolteri (Polia), 156. bombycina {Hadena), 203. Borolia, 656. bovina {Mamestra), 472. brachia (Eriopyga), 322, 610, bracbiola (Polia), 84. bi-achiolum {Mamestra), 84. brant.si (Cirphis), 553. branisii {Leucania), 553. brassica; (Barathra), 12. brassicce {Noctva), 12. breccifBJ'orm is {Noctua), 228. Brilhys, 447. broiiiias {Melanchra), 370. brouiias (Morri.souia), 370. brunneago {Noctna), 79. bryoptei-a (Lasionycta), ;-)5. bryoptcra {Mamestra), 56. biilgeri (Hadena), 215. hii/geri (Mamesfra), 215. bys-sina (Horolia), 569. byssina. {Leucania), 569. raduca {Mamestra), 169. ca^leno (Melanchra) 612. rarulca (Agrotis), 445. cscrulca (Pliy^ctica), 445. ccesia {Noctua), 443. caesia (Sideridis), 443. calhc.rlai {Hadena), 152. calberlai (Polia), 152. calcatrippa {Noctua), 212. calceolarius (Ortliodes), 612. calgariana (Cirphis), 528. calqariana {Leucania), 528. californica {Dryobota), 390. callida {HeKophila), 481. calligra-pta {Netcria), 468. calligrapta (Strigania), 468. calographa (Hadena), 607. calographa {Mamestra), 607. cana {Apamca), 102. cana {Hadena), 73. cana den s is {Mamestra) , 98. canaraica {Leucania), 531. candens { Orthodes), 333. Candida (Xylomania), 396. Candida {Xyhmiges), 396. canescens {Mamestra), 29. canities (Polia), 80. canosticta {Mamestra), 605. canosticta (Polia), 605. cappa {Noctua), 168. cappa (Polia), 168. capisella {Tceniocavrpa), 298. cap>sincola {Noctua), 195. capsincoloides (Dian- thfficia), 610. capisophila { Dianthcecia), 195. capsophoba {Bianthoecia), 195. capsidaris {Dianthcecia), 229. capsularis (Epia), 229. carbonaria {Anarta), 43. Oardepia, 234. car ids {Leucania), ytAb. caricis {Noctua), 492. carniinata (Moninia), 423. carwinafa { Taniocampa), 423. carneago (Chabunta), 262. carneago {Xauihia), 263. ()18 ALrHABKTIC.VL IXDKX. cariieigera (Eriopvga), ;517. carmigera {H//puiri.v), 317. carnipennis (Moniuiii), 410. carnipennis ( T. cristifera (Polia), 106. Crocigrapha, 436. crocosticta (Eriopyga), 292. crocosticta {Hivielki), 292. crotch i (Polia), 71. crotchii {Mamestra), 71. crucialis {Xglomiges), 394. crucifer {Mamestra), 212. cruda (Monima), 420. cruda. {Noctua), 420. crucgeri (Borolia), 565. cruegcri {Lf-ucania), 565. crgdina {Mamcdra), 70. cryptargyrea (CirjDhis), 499. cryptarggrca { Leucania), 499. cucubali (Noctu/i), 194. cucubali (Polia), 194. cucullina (Hyssia), 279. cucullina {Xylocampa), 279. culea (Eriopyga), 304. ca.lca {Mesogona'), 304. culta {Mamestra), 60. culta (Polia), 60. cuneata {Mamestra), 143. cuneata (Polia), 143. Cuphanoa, 409. cupreata (Borolia), 575. cupresceus (Polia), 163. curialLs (Barathra), 12. cwrialis ( Copimamestra), 12. curialis (Xylomania), 395. curialis {Xglomiges), 395. curta {Leucania). 488. curta {Mamestrci), 44. curtica (Eriopyga), 296. curtica { Taniocampa), 296. curvata (Eriopyga), 308. curvafa {Mgthimna), 308. cur V ilin ea {Leuca n ici) , 582. curvilinea (Mpliana), 582. curvirena (Eriopvga), 334. curvirena {Orthodes), 334. curimla (Leucania), 492. cyniea (Eri(ipyga), 3o3. cynica. (Orthodea), 319, 320. 333. eg peri {Leucania), 537. dacli/lidis {Leucan ice), 545. Darqida, 208. flasi'ita (Cirphis), 493. Dasygaster, 473. datis {Cehcna), 187. datis (Polia), 187. dace:ta {Mamcsti-a), 178. deallnta {Dianiho'cia), 201. dcliUis (lladcna), 369. dcccpta (Tricbocica), 240. dcceptu.ra {Xglina), 385. decisissima (Cirphis), 499. decisissima {Jjeucania), 499. decUnans {Mamestra), 151. decolor {Neuronia), 218. decolorata (Leucania), 599. decolorata (Mamestra), 12. decreta (Lasianobia), 276, dacreta (Mamestra), 276. defessa (Mamestra), 33. defessa (Scotogramina), 33. definiens (Craterestra), 23. definiens (Heliothis), 23. deliciosa (Dianthoecia), 51. deliciosa (Lasiestra), 51. demissa (Apamea), 112. demotica (Mamestra), 241. demotica (Trichoclea), 241. denotata I Leucania), 492. densa (Polia), 165. densa (Scotogranima), 165. de)is-canis (Noctua), 99. dentatella (Trichopolia), 362. denticula (Cirphis), 649. denficula (Leucania), 549. dentigcra (Hadena), 25. dentigera, ( Leucan ia), 386. dcntiua (Noctua), 140. dentina (Polia), 140. dcpulsa (Hadena), 190. deserticola (Aglossestra), 225. deserticohj (Cirphis), .534. di'scrt icola (Leuca n ia), 534. designula { Leucania), 492. desnuda (Mamestra), 329. despcrala ( Mamestra), 132. deter minata (Mamestra), SI. determinata (Polia), 81. detracta (Hadena), 65. detracMa (Folia). 65. dharnia (Cirpliis), 51(5. d harm a. {Leucania), 516. dia (Cirphis), 522. dia (HfUophilii), 522. diagr;unin;i (Cirphis), 522, 610. 620 ALrHABETICAL INDEX. dlaqramma {Leucania), 522. dianthi (Noctiia), 25. dianthi (Scotognuuiiia), 25. Dianthoecia, 60. Diaphone, 45.'5. Diaiaraxia, 60. diatrecta (Cirphis), 488. diatrecta {Leucania), 488. dichroma {Noclua), 443. diet y of a (Mamcstra), 151. dictjota (Polia), 151. diffcrens {Hadena), 252. difFerens (Nephelistis), 2.52.' diffusa (Leucania), 583. digramme (Noctua), 612. dUatata (Meanest ra), 118. dilatata U'olia), 118. dilecta (Hyssia), 287. dilecta {Perigea), 287. dimmocki (Mamcstra), 132. dione {Ichneutica), 590. dione (Leucania), 590. diopis (Borolia), 573. diiilograiniua (Eriopyga), 305. diploqramma {Himclla), 305. di pterigidia (Mamestra), 161. dipterigidia (Polia), 161. discalis (Mamcstra), 67. discalis (Polia), 67. Discestra, 14. discolor (Mamestra), 133. discolor (Polia^l, 80. discolor (Scotngramma), 80. disjiingens (Grapliania), 469. disjungens (Hcliophohus), 469. disparilis (Mythimna), 354. dissecta (Hadena), 212. dissect us (Heliopkobus), 212. dJssimilis (Xoctua), 99. disticha (Caradrina), 287. disticha (Hyssia), 287. distinct a (Achatia), 77. distincta (Aletid), 263. distincta (Cbabuata), 263. distincta (Mamestra), 247. distincta (Polia), 77. distincta (Scotochrosta), 220. distincta (Tbargelia), 220. distributa (Mamestra), ^Vd. ditissima (lCriopyga),328. ditissiiua (Gortyna), 328. divergens (Eriopyga), 308. divergens (Mythimna), 308. dives (Phalcena), 95. dodgei (Mamestra), 178. dodi (Polia), 1.50. dodii (Mamesinc), 150. doira (Mamestra), 167. doira (Polia), 167. dolens (Acpsia), 315, 324. dolosa (Xylomania), 396. dolosa (Xylomiges), 396. dominica (Noctua), 448. Bonachlora, 590. dorsalis (Leucania), 530. dotctta (Dasypolia), 380. dot at a (Mamestra), 330. dotata (Morrisonia), 380. d.ouhledayi (Dianthoecia), 443. dovrensis (Anarta), 39. dovrensis (Diantho'cia), 50. dovrensis (Lasiestra), 50. duhiosa, (Symira), 578. ducinfieldi (Perigrapha), 408. dukinficldi (Perigrapha), 408. dulcinea ( Caradrina), 270. dulcinea (Chabnata), 270. dunedinensis (Leucania), 591. dunedinensLs (Sj)celotis), 591. dungana (Leucania), 596. duplicata (Cirphis), 506. dnplicata (Leucania), 506. dyschoroides (Eriopyga), ■337. dyschoroides (Hadena), 337. dt/sodca (Noctiia), 169. dysodea (Polia), 169. carina (T(S7iiocampa), 86. eboriosa (Cirphis), 479. eboriosa (Leucania), 479. cchii (Noctua), 228. ectrapela (Epia), 230. ectrapi'la (Mamestra), 230. ectypa (Mamestra), 155. ectypa (Noctua), 598. ectypa (Polia), 155. edwardsi (Tricboclea), 242. edwardsii (Trichoclea), 242. egena (Hadena), 238. elseistis (Hadena), 606. elegans (Bombyx), 453. ella (TcBniocampa), 431. elsiuora( Mamestra), 611. elvesi (Lasiestra) 51. elwesi (Hadena), 51. emmedonia (Nepnelodes), 358. emmedonia (Noctua), 358. encausta (Brithys), 449. encausta (Noctua), 449. enervis (Orthodcs), 344. engadinensis (Agrotis), 536. Epia, 226. Epinetironia, 216. epundoides (Dasygaster), 477. Erana, 7. erect a (Anthopkila), 186. erecta (Celcena), 186. erecta (Polia), 186. eremistis (Discestra), 16. eremistis (Mamestra), 16. Eriopyga, 291. Eriopygodes, 353. eriza (Monima), 410. cri;a (Semiophora), 410. eros (Dianthoecia), 290. e ryth rolifa (G raph i- phora), 390. erythrolita (Xylomania), 390. csopis ( Ccltena), 192. esopis (Polia), 192. etacta (Anarta), 41. euclidias (Eriopygodes), 3.^5. euclidias (Leucania), 355. eugrapha (Dasygaster), 473. eumela (Diaphone), 453. cumcla (Noctua), 453. Eupsephopactes, 208. Eurypsyche, 556. curyte (Apamea), 305. euryte (Eriopyga), 305. eutherma (Leucania), 611. cvanida (Tcsniorampa), 427. fversmanni (Mamestra), 128. ALl'll Alii:TICAL INDEX. 0L>1 eversmanni (Polia), 12S. euicia (Cloantha), 374. evicta (Morrisonia), 374. evidens {Chelonia), 453. evidcns (Xoct/ia), 441. evidens (Sideridis), 441. evingi (Perseetania), 3S(i. ewiiKjii {X//loplia.-fia), ."'86. exanthemata, {Aletia), 2()3. exarans (Leucania), Oil. excavata (Eriopyga), 3l"2. exempta {Leucania)^ 650. eximia (Bianthcecia), 444. eximia (Sideridis), 444. exoul {Leucania), 580. expansa (G-rajihipIwra), 358. exquisita (Melanchra), 612. exsangtiis {Leucania), 492. exsul (Meliana), 580. extensa {Noctua), 73. extenuata {Leucania), 530. exterior {Leucania), 492. extincta (Borolia), 570. extincta {Leucania), 527, 529,533,642,554,670. extincta {Mamestra), 99. extranea {Leucania), 547. exusia {Ceramica), 446. facilis {Graj^hijihora), 476. falclandica (Cirphis), 554. falklandica {Leucania), 654. fallovi {Apamea), 34. farcta (Cirphis), 484. farcta {Heliophila), 484. farkasii {Hadena), 141. farkasii {Noctua), 29. farnhami {Mamestra), 130. farnhami (Polia), 130. fasciata {Axylia), 485. fasciata (Borolia), 572. fasciata (Cirphis), 485. fasciata (Hecatcra), 189. fasciata (Hyssia). 288. fa.sciala (Polia), 1'9. fasciata { Ulolonche), 288. fasciculata {Hadena), 413. fasciculata (Moniuia), 413. faiista (Monirna), 421. f'austa{Orthosia), 421. favic'olor (Leucania), 595. fea (Eriopvga), 293. fea {Merisks), 293, 295. foildeni ( Mamestra), 611. ferrea {Mamestra), 176. ferrealis {Mamestra), ■ 177. ferrealis (PoHa), 177. ferrigera (Moniina), 418. ferriqera { Tceniocampa), 418. ferrilinea (Borolia), 573. ferrilinea {Leucania), 573. fcrr is pa rsa {Hadena), 109. ferrisparsa (Polia), 109. ferrosticta (Mouima), 415. ferrosticta {Semiophora), 415, ferruqinea { Xeuron ia), 218. ficita {Hadena), 190. fidelis {Hiinella), 335. filigramma {Xoctaa), 198. filigramma (Polia), 198. fir ma {Noctua), 428. fissilis {Scotochrosta), 221. tissilis (Thargelia), 221. fistula (Chabuata), 261. fistula {Tricholita), 261. flabilis (Borolia), 571. flahilis {Heliophila), 571. flammea {Melia), 378. flainmea (Meliana), 678. flammea {Noctua), 461. flammea (Panolis), 461. flaviannula (Monima), 422. flaviantiHla {Twnio- campa), 422. flavicincta 7ninor{Nocfuu), 169. fla videntnla { Mamestra), 360. flavidentula (Poliodes), 360. ilavigera (Eriopvga), 315. finviyera {Ht/potrix), 315. fiavivihica {Noctua). 198. flavostigma (Cirphis), 509. flavostigma, var. inornata {Leucania), 510. flavostigma {Xanthia), 509. flecki {Jjeucania), 438. fletcheri {Xylomiges), 400. fioccida {Noctua), 265. florida (Discestra), 15. fiurida {Mamestra), 15. florifera {Polyfela), 455, florit'era (Polytelodes), 455. florigera (Polytela), 458. florinda (Perigea), 18. folia {Mamestra), 171. formosana {Aletia), 518. formosana (Cirphis), 518. fornax {Agrotis), 324. fragilis (Cirphis), .546. frag it is {Spcelotis), 546. fraterna {Aletia), 268, fraterna (Oliabuata), 268. friburgensis (liriopyga), 316. fri/iurgensis { Orthodes), 31(>'. fiiHginosa (Eriopyga), 609. fuliginosa {Hyphilare), 609. fidiginosa (Leucania), .596. fuliginosa {Noctua), 596. fulminans (Perigonica), 434. fulminea {Bomhyx), 203. fulva {Xanthia.), 262. fulvida (Eriopyga), 316. fumida (Anarta), 610. furca {Mamestra), 131. furca (Polia), 131. furca fa {Leucania), 472. furcifera. {Borolia), bl2. furcula {Mamestra), 127. fiircula (Polia). 127. furfiirata (Eriopyga), 3.50. furfurata {Himella), 350. furva {Conscrvula), 252. furva (Nephelistis), 252. furvilinea {Mamestra), 164. fui'vilinea (Polia), 16)4. fuscatus {Boin.hyx), 427. fuscibarbata (Eriopyga), 310. fuscilinea {Leucania), 537. fiiscirufa (Polia), 103. fuscolutea { Ma mestra), 2.39. fuscolutea (Trichoclea), 2.39. fusculenta {Mamestra), 71. garmani { Graphiphora), 426. garmani (Monima), 426), iy2-2 ALPiivinrncAL ivtif.x. gasiva (Atnailici^), 142. gasiva (Polia), 142. gavisa {Mamestra), 1.53. gavisa (Polia), 153. gemina {Nncfiia), 1)6, 416. gemiiiatus (Uovibi/.v), 416. genhtcB {Noefuci), 1)5. gigantea (Eriopvga), 315. gigantea (Hii)/c/la), 315. glaciafa {Maincstra), 119. glaciata (Polia), 1 1!). glauca {Noctua), 141. glauca (Polia), 141. glaucescens (Aspidi- frontia), 451. glaucistis (Eriopyga), 331. glaucopis (Polia), 106. gluucovaria {Apanieu), 29. gloriosm (Bomhgx), 457. gloriosas (Poljtela), 457. Glottula, 447. gnata {Mamestrci), 86. "gnata (Polia), 86. goliath (Bichona), 116. goliath (Polia), 116. goniophora {Ma)nestni), 191. goniophora (Polia), 191. goniosigma (Cirpliis), 515. goniostigma (Eriopyga), 335. goniostigma (Ui/tiella), 335. gnodelH (Mamestra). 153. goodelli (Polia), 153. gothica (Monima), 413. gothica {Noctiui), 413. gothicina (Ort/iosia), 414. gracilis (Mouiiua), 431. gracilis (JS'oc/i/u), 431. gracilis (Or/kosia), 417. greeseri (Haderonia), 243. graminea (Dargida), 209. gramiiiea (Hadena), 209. graminis (^Bomhijx), 462. graminis (Cerapteryx), 462. graminis {Nocfua), 216. graminivora (Hadena), 210. graminivora [Dargida), 210. graminosa (Erana), 8. grandiosa (Melaiichra), 612. grandirena (^Agrotis), 258. grandis (Eriopyga), 307. grandis {Hadena), 94. grandis {Mijthimna), 307. grandis (Xoc(iia), 1 14. grandis (Polia\ 94. Grraphania, 468. Graphiphora, 409. grisea (A/gssia), 277. grisea (Manobia), 277. grisea (Uli/lhi/iina), 438. griscata [Mamestra), 74. griseata (Polia), 74. griseipeniii.s (Hyssia), 278. griseipen n is ( Ma mestra ) , 278. griseocincta ( OrtJwdes), 314. grisea fasciaia ( Leucania), 486. grisenvariegata (Koctiia), 461. giienei {DiantJiax-ia), 203. guenei (Polia), 203. guisata (Hyssia), 282. gussata {Mamestra), 282. Hadena, 208. hadcnifortuis {Mamestra), 30. hadeniformis (Scoto- graunna), 30. Hadeninae, ]. Haderonia, 60. Hadula, 243. hamara {CelcBna), 178. haiuifera (Cii-phis), 498. Jmmifera {Leucania), 498. hamifera { Orthosia), 408. Harmodia, 00. harveyi {Leucania), 583. Heeatera, 60. Hdiophila, 590. hepafica {Noctua), 111. herhimacula {Celcsna), 176. herrichi (Cirpliis\ 540. herrichii {Leucania), 540. heterodoxa {Leucania), 621. hctldandica {Dianthmcia), 201. li ihem icus { Cerapteryx), 4()2. hihisci {Tceniocampa), 430. hietnalis (Xylouiania), 390. hiemn lis {Xglom iqes), 390. }/ie7-acii {Noctua), 170. iiicroiilyphera {Moma), (■)0'4. hieroglyphera (Polia), 004. hilaris {Epineuronia), 216. hilaris {Noctua), 140. Himella,-1Q\. Lirtijjes (Zosteropoda), 589. hispanica {Jjeucania), 487. hodeva {Heeatera), 185. liudeva (Polmj, 185. lioUaiidiae (Da^ygaster), 476. homopterana {Leucania), 566. homoscia {Mamestra), 378. homoscia (Morrison ia), 378. hoplites (Craterestra), 20. hoplites {Mamestra), 20. hordei {Noctua), 218. howra {Leucania), 564. hueca (Eriopyga), 609. hueca {Mamestra). 609. humeralis {Noctua), 96, humidicola (Cirphis), 530. hum idicola { Leucan ia ), 530. hum/lis {Mamestra), 202. hyalophora {Euplexia), 7. hyalopliora (Thyrestra), 7. Hydroeciodes, 253. Hyphilare, 4116. Hypobarathra, 221. hypophoja (Cirphis), 553. hyposcota (Eriopyga), 349. Hgpotrix, 291. Hyssia, 278. Ichnentica, 590. I-cincta (Perigrapha), •104. L-cinctum {Noctua), 404. icterias (Hypobarathra), 222. icterias {A'f/lina), 222. ignescens (Eriopvga), 343. AIl'ITAniTlCAL INDKX. i',2-A if/nescevs (Hi)neUa), 343. ignita (Cirphis), 517. illahe facta {Mamesfra), 150. illcnulahilis {Mamcxtra), 181. illoha (ylqrotis), 151. illoba (Pi.lia), 151. iiiibecilla ( Illriopygodes), 35+. ■iinhecilhi (Xocfua), 354. iiiibellis (M}tliiiiiiui),612. i'liibrifera {Aplccta), G8. imbrifeia (Polia), (iS. imitata {Mame^tra), 603. imitata (Polia), 603. immaculaia {Tcenio- canipa), 416. inimiscens (Mamestra), 611. imora (Orthodes), 613. irapar (Eriopjgodes), 355. impar {Mythimna). 355. imperfecta (Cirphis), 519. imperfecta (Leucania), 519. impia (Kadula), 248. impia {Mamestra), 248, 608. inipingens (Anarta), 44. implexa {Noctua), 34. iinplexa (Scotograuima), 34. iwjioJita {Mamestra), 30. irnpolita (Scotogramma), 30. impressa {Noctua), 195. impudens {Nocttia), 600. impuncta (Leucania), 599,611. impura {Heca/ara), 102. impura {Noctua), 596. inaiiis (Cliabuata), 268. inanis {Leticaniu), 268. incana {Mamestra), 203. inceptura {Xylina), 385. incerta (Dianthoccia), 610. incei-ta (Moniina), 427. incerta {Noctua), 427. incincta (Eriopyga), 297. inciivcta {Mamestra), 297. incisa {Neuria), 207. inclyta {Volytela), 458. incomuioda (Iladula), 249. i iiconirnoda ( Ma mcstra) , 249. iueoneimia (Lasionycta), 54. inconcinna {Scoto- yramma), 54. iuconspicua (Chabuata), 261. inconspiciia (Cirphis), 554. incoiis'plcua {Leucania), .554. inconspicua { Tricholifa), 261. inc( installs (Hyssia), 279. 171 CO list a MS ( Spcelot is ) , •279. inculla {Hadena), 190. incurva {Mamestra), 184. incurva (Polia), 184. indicans {Hapcdia), 181. indlstlncia {Leucania), .")44. indurata (Xyloiiiania), 395. inclurata {Xylomigcs), 395. ineana (Borolia). 568. ineama {Leucania), 568. in fans {Monostulu), 357. iufana (Nephelodes), 357. ivfccta {Cdcena), 176. infensa (Morrisonia), 376. infensa {Orthosia), 376. inferior {Perigrapha), 365. inferior (Stretchia), 365. infer iialis {Mamestra), 323. infidelis {Himella). 610. infidelis (Morri.sonia), 375. infima {I^eucania), 567. iiifirma (Eriopyga), 340. infirma {Orthodes), 297, 320, 335, 340. infraiiiicans (Cirjihis), 497. inframicans {L^eucan ia), "497. infrargvrea (Cirphi.s), 502. ' ivfrargyrea { Leucaiua), 502. infructuosa {Xylina), 382. ivfmnata {Jjcucania), 598. infuscaia {Scotogramma), 49. incjra vis {Mamestra ). '108. ingravis (Polia), 108. innexa {Perigrapha), 186. innocens {Mamestra), 169. inornata (Cirphis), 510. inquieta, {Apamea), 29. insciens {Orthoda), 430. insecuta (Cirphis), 534. iiisec'Uta {Leucania), 534. insignis {Euplexia), 368. insignis (Morrisonia), 368. insolens {Dianthoecia), 89. insolens (Polia), 89, 603, insolita(Hadula;, 248. instabilis {Noctua), 427. instcdrilis { Orthodes), 430. insueta (Cirphis), 521. ins'ueta {Leucania), 521. insularis (Cirphis), 486. insularis {Leucania), 486. insulicola (Cirphis), 531. insulicola {Leucania), 531,. 541. intentata {Mamestra), 184. intentata (Polia), 184. interciliata (Borolia), 557. interciliata. {Leucania), 5.57. in termed ia ( Hecatera ), 170. intermedia { Orfhosia), 417. intermissa {Hadena), 29. inter missa {Leucan ia), 534. internata (Leucania), 611. intractata (Eriopyga), 335. intractata, { Ta-7iiocampa), 335. intricata (Mamestra), 611. invalida {Mamestra), 96. invalida (Polia), 9(). iole (l<>iopvga), 343. i(de { Orthodes), 343. irregularis (Cirphis), 538. irregularis (Epia). 228. irregularis {Noctua), 228. G24 AM'UAliETrrAL IN'DKX. irrec/vlaris (Xoiutgria), 6-68. irrisor (Cardepia), 235. ■irrisor {Maimstra), "iSS. irrorala (Aj-i/li.a), 486. irrorata (Eriopyga), 341. irrorata (Leucanin), 48(5. irrorata {Orthodcs), 341. isoloma (Mamcstra), 27. isoloma (Scotogramiiia), 27. italo-qalUca (Leucania), 438. jaliscana (Clrpliis), 528. jaliscana {Leumnia), 528. jamaicensis (Eriopvga), 321. janeira (Eriopyga), 329. janeira (Mamestra), 329. jocosa (Valleria), 174. jordana (Cirphis), 537. jordana {Lencania), 537. juncicola (Cirpliis), .532. juncicola (Leucania), 532. juncicolor {Nonagrui), 591. jimcimacula {Mamestra), 69. juncimacula (Polia), 09. junctus {Bombyx), 4 19. kola {Hadena), 104. kenteana {Biantha'cla), 51. knyvetfi {Hadena), 146. kcechlini {Hcratera), 169. korghossi {Mamestra), 244. laheculis {Leucania), 489. lacri7nosa {Mamestra), 249. laerta (Anarta), 602. /«;■« {Hecatera), 605. Iteta (Polia), 605. 1-albuiu (Cirphis), 504. l-alhum {Nuct^ia), 504. lama {Mamestra), 114. lampra (Diapiione), 610. lamptera {Agrotis), 313. lamptera (Eriojivga), 313. lamuta (Anarta), 610. lanaris {Uuschorisia), 319. Lilians (Eriopyga), 319. lanceata {Leucania), 499. Janguida {Hadena), 102. langnida (Leucania), 601. lang%dda {Mamestra), 69. languida (Polia), 69. laniata (Cirphis), 496. laniata. {Leucania), 496. lanuginosa {Anarta), 39. lapidaria {Heliophila), 482. lappo {Noctua), 141. larissa {Mamestra), 144. Lasianobia, 274. Lasiestra, 47. lasiomera (Cirphis), 491. Lasiouycta, 53. latenai {Hadena), 140. latex {Apt ecta), 112. latex (Polia), 112. latifasciaia. {Apamea), 19. latinscula (Cirphis), 542. lafiiiscula {Leucania), 542. la u.dahilis { Hecatera), 181. laudabilis (Polia), 181. lauta (Lasianobia), 275. laiita {Mamestra), 275. lebruni {Apamea), 165. lebruni (Polia), 165. legitima {Apamea), 149. legitiina (Polia). 149. leineri (Conisania), 472. leineri {Koctmi), 472. lepida {Noctua), 431. lepidula {Mamestra), 77. lepidula (Polia), 77. Leucania, 590. leucnnioides {Dusi/gaster), 476. leucocycla (Anart.a), 40. leucogranima (Borolia), 5.-)9. leucnqramma {Dianthoe- cia). 82. leueograinina (Hydroe- ciodes), 257. leucogranima (Polia), 82. leucographa, {Noctiia), 99. leuconota {Polia), 170. leucopera (Eriopj'ga), 345. leucopera {Himclla),34:i'>. leucopheea {Noctua), 203. leucophwa (Pachefi'a), 203. leucopis (Hydrfipciodes), 257. leicospbenia (Cirpliis), 490. leucosphenia {Leucania), 490. leucosta (Cirphis), 490. leucosta^ {Leucania), 490. leucosticha (Cirphis), 541. leucostigtna (Borolia), 572. leucosiigma {Leucania), 572. leucostigma {Noctua), 140. levin i (Borolia), 556. lewinii {Leucania), 556. libera {XglopJuisia), 94. libertina (Diaphoue), 610. ligata {Heliophila), 570. ligata {Hydny.cia), 178. lignana {Hadena), 383. lignana (Morrisonia),oS3. lignifusca {Hadena), 369. lignipleua (Dasyeaster), 474. ligniplena {Xi/lina), 47. lignisecta {Xi/liiia), 377. lilacina {Maniestra), 150. lilacina (Polia), 150. limbata {Apamea), 437. limbata {Mgthimna), 306. limbata (Sideridis), 437. limitata {Leucania), 5S5. liniitata (Meliana), 585. lindigi (Eriopyga), 325. Uyidigi {Leucania), 325. linearis {Leucania), 567. lineata (Cirphi.s), 536. lineata {Leucania), 536. lineatipes (Cirpliis). 525. lineatipes {Leucania), 525. linita (Borolia), 566. linita {Leucania), 566. liquid^! {Mamestra), 132. liquida (Polia), 132. litcrata {Cucullia), 78. literata (Polia), 78. lithargijria, {Noctua). 437. lithargvria (Sideridis), 437." lithias {Mamestra), 378. lithias (Morrisonia), 378. lithophilus { Helicphobus), 466. lithophilus (Strigania), 466. littoralis (Leucania), 594, lizetta (Monima;), 416. lizetta {Orthosia), 416. lobata (Eriopyga), 332. AI.rilAltKTlCAI. IXDEX. Gl^l lodebar (Eriopyga), ol7. lodehar {Orthodes), '6il, 318, 320. lolii (Bumbi/x), 216. longiclava {Mamestra), 167. lougiclava (Polia), 167. iongicornis (Hadula), 246. lo ng worn is (Ma mcsira ) , 246. longipennis (Meliana), 578. lorea (Hj/droecia), 178. lorea (Polia), 178. loreji (Cirphis), 492. loreyi (Noctua), 492. lota {Noctun), 416. licbens {Mamestra), 106. lueina (Oraterestra), 18. liicina {Mamestra), 178. lueina (S/ibfera), 18. lunolacta {Mamestra), 605. lunolacta (Polia), 605. lupa (Mamestra), 611. Inridu {Dianthcecia), 56. lurida (Lasionycta), 56. luslralis (Diantkaecia), 64. Iwstralis (Polia), 64. luteacjo (Nocfiia), 79. liitcMgo (Polia), 79. lutconincta {Dianthoecia), 198. Inteola (Anarta), 43. luteola {Scotogramma), 49. luteoinaculata (Mythim- r.a), 612. lufeojjallens {Leucan ia), 598. lulina, {Leiicania). 267. hjpra {Dianthoecia), l'J6. I'ypra (Pulia), 196. macrolepia (Eriopvga), 314. macrosaris (Cirphis), 494. ma/rosaria (Leucan ia), 494. maderes (Mamestra), 170. maderae (Polia), 170. nuiqdalene (Mamestra), 233. Magellava, 37. nutgellana (Diantkaecia), 164. magellana (Polia). 164. ■inaqnolii { Dirt ii tlufcin ), 197. vnr.. V. magnolii (Polia), 197. Maguza, 60. mxja (Gra.phinhora), 2T2. major (Chabuata), 272. major (Noctna), 2T2. niajuscula (Orthodes), 613. Mamestra, 60. mamestrina (Epunda), 107. mauiestrina (Polia), 107. manan ii (Dianthoecia), 443. mandarina (Dianthwria ), 194. iiiania (Mamestra). 156. mania (Polia), 156. Manobia, 276. maori (Mamestra), 386. mareu (Mamestra), 172. marea (Polia). 172. margiaua (Odoiite'.ia), 219. margiaua ( Thargclia), 219. raarginalis (Eriopyga), 346. mnrginalis (Himella), 346. mxirginosa (Noctua), 212. marinitincfa (Mamestra), 188. marinitincta (Polia), 188. marmica (Hecatera), 182. marmica (Polia), 182. inarmorosa (Koctua), 26. maryx (Ceramica), 610. mausi (Anarta), 46, 602. maya (Melanclira), 612. media (Craterestra), 19. 'media (Hadena), 1 9. mediana (Brijophila), 189. mediana (Polia)i 189. medio fasca (Leucania), 510. mediolugeus ( Tan io- campa), 428. mediorufa (Eriopvga), 295. mcdiorvfa (Himella), 295. ■ meditata (Dianthcecia), 82. meditata (Polia), 82. megadia (Leucania/), 522. meqara (iscotogrammu), 165. mega la (Charaa^), 462. niegiiproclis (C'irpliis), 532. mec/arena (Mamestra), 178. melaleuca (Noctua), 398. Melanchra., 60. melania (Leucania), 598. melanochroa (Dlanthoi- cia), 198. melanogaster (Eriopyga), 312. melanogaster { Orthodes), 312. raelanopa (Anarta), 45. mekinopa [Noctna), 45. melanopasta (Borolia), 574. melanopasta. (Leucania), 574. melanopis (Eriopyga), 299. melanosticta (Eriopyga), 326. melanostrota (Borolia), 564. Media, 576. Meliana, 576. melianoides (Borolia), 562. melianoides (Leucania), 562. meinbrosa (Anarta), 41. mendax (Epia), 232. mendax (Hadena), 232. mendica (Mamestra), 612. mendosica (SL-oto- gramrna), 35. meridiunalis (Hadena), 211. merope (Mehinchra), 612. mesoqla iwa ( Ma mestra), 162. mesoglauca (Polia), 162. mesomelana (Agrotis), 163. mesomelana (Polia), 163. mesostrigata ( Erioj)yga), 333. mesoirosta (Cirphis), 547. mcsotrosta (Leucan ia ), 547. metaphaja (Cirphis), 552. Meierana, t.O. Mctopiora, 4.52. micacea (Cirphis), .508. micacea. (Leucania), 508. ■michcelseyii (Agrotis), 465. micha'lseni (Script ania), 164, 465. G2() ALI'HAHIXII U. IMtlX. iiiicrasfa (Lmcrmia), 44fi. iiiicrasta (Physetica), 446. microdoH {Hadena), -6. microgonia (Cirpliis),f'33. inicrupis (Borolia), r)74. luicrosticha (Cirpliis), 529. mimica {Leticania), 521. mi inula (Anarta), 46. iiiiiiuili (Anarta), 44. riiiiiiir/is {Ne2jhelodcs), 37)8. miniosa (Moniina), 418. miniom (Noc/ua), 418. miuorata (Epia), 230. niinorata (Leucania), 597. iiiinomta (Mumesira), 230. niinuscula(Aclapb8enura), 4()0. iimruscida (Dctj^hcsmtnt), 460. '>}iisfa {Mamesira), 147. mista (Polia), 147. ■ndi-ieca {Leucania), 542. mifis {Agrotis), 280. mixtura (Maraestra), 612. iiiocoides (Cirpliis), 554. viocoides (Leucania), 554. •nwderata {Agrotis), 280. rnoderata ( Cymatophora), 319. modorata (Eriopj-ga), 319. moderata (Hjssia), 280. moderata {Leucan ia ) , 583. niodesta (Cirpliis), 531. Qiiodesta {Bianthoecia), 28(5. modesta (Hyssia), 286. modesia {Leucania), 551. modifica ( Taniocccmpa), 804. onoei ens ( Caradrina), 157. iiioerens (Polia), 157. ma&chlcrl (Anarta), .38. iiicesta (Eriopyga), 324. moesta (Ncsaia), 314, 324. tnohosa (Hecaicra), 83. Tiiohosa (Polia), 83. MOiifjo/ica {Jjianihtxcta), 51. moiigolica (Mamesira), HO. TOcngolica (Polia), 110. monilis (Eriopyga), 3^0. muuHia (Hadcnu), 3;^0. Moiiima, 409. Munosca. 356. MoHostola, 356. )iioiitana (fjasie-stra), 48. montana {Polia), 48. moniicola, {Mamesira), 170. montium (Leuoania), 545. utoorci {Leucania), 52."). morosa (Morrisonia), 384. morosa. (Xylophasia), 384. Morrisonia. 36(i. mortua (Manicstra). 104. morliia (Polia), 104. mossamhicensis {JJicc- phone), 453. miicens (Morrisonia), 371. mucevs (Sept is), 371. mulina (EriopygM), 293. muJina ( Taniocampa), 293. multifaria (Xylina), 371. multilinea (Cirpbis), 482. mu It ilin ea {L eucan ia ), 482. niullipujictata (Leu- cania). 611. munda (Mouiina), 416. munda (Koeitca), 416. muricina (Acerra), 3(53. miiriciua (Stretchia), 363. m uscuUna {Bianthacia), 289. musculina (TTyssia), 289. musicalis (IS'octua), 398. mutans ( Hadena), 369. mil tans (Morrisonia), 369. mutdata (Mamestra), 148. luutilata (Polia), 148. mutina (Apamea), 26 1 . lautina (Cbabuata), 261. myrtilli (Anarta), 42. myrtilli (Noctua), 42. niys (Moninia), 423. 7nys (SlretcJiia), 423. vrysiica {Mamesira), 115. niystica (Polia), 115. iW««, 291. navia (Mamesira), 65. nrevia (Polia), 65, 603. nagaensis (Hadena), 108. nagaensis (Polia), 108. nainica (Cirpbis), 486. naAnica (Leucania), 486. nana (Noctua), 201. nana {I'halcana), 26. nana (Scotograrama), 26. nanus (Buvdiyx), 4"_0. nareda (Leucania), 499. natalensis (A2J«niea), 4.01. natalensis (Xvlomania), 401. nebulosa (Cirpbis), .'500. neindosa (Leucania), .'iOO. nebulosa (Koctua), 114. nebulosa (Polia), 114. ncJndosns (Bomliyx), 427. nefiibta (Lmcania), 531. negussa (Mamestra), 86. JS'eleucania, 576. neoterica (Mamesira), (56. ueoterica (Polia), ^ij. Nepbelislis, 2.'i0. nepbelistis (Dasygaster), 475. Neplielodes, 356. ncpos (Leucania), 264. ncptis (Iieiicania), .583. ncrvata (Hadena), 469. nervina (Apamea), 1(50. nervina (Polia), 160. Neuria, 208. Neuron ia. 216. nevadce (Mamesira), 98. nevad-Tj (Polia), 98. ne.va (Myfkimna), 354. nigerrima (Mamestra), 104. nigrescens (Biantheecia'^, 443. nigrtlinea (Leucania), 485. niqrilineosa (Letican ia), "607. nigripars (Eriopyga), 327. nigripars (Himella ), 327. nigrisparsa (Borolia), 570. nigrisjKcrsa (Leucania), 570. nigrofasciata (Lciican ia ), 520. nigro-lunata (Anarta), 45. nigropuncia (Cel^na), 9. nigropuncta (Ti-ic-bestra), 9. oiigrovcnalis (Leucania), 425. nigrovenalis (Monima), 425. nimbosa (Aplecta) 115. ninibosa (Polia), 115. nimia (Orthodes), 3.33. niphadopa (Hyssia), 283. niphadopa (Leucania), 2f3. nisus (Biantkeecia), 195. nisus (Epia), 231. nisus (Nociua), 231. nitens (Noctiia), 111. ALPHABETICAL TNDEX. 627 nitena {Orfhodes^, 34-1. nivarla {Anarta), 44:. niveico-ta (Aleliana), 5S7. niueicosia [Ncleucaiiia), 587. niveiguttata (Hyssia), 288. niveigutfata (Mamestra), 288. niveilinea (Leucania), BUI. niveilinea ( Chloridea), 601. niveipuncta (Eriopvga), 325. niveipuncta ( Mamestra), 325. niveopicta (Cratere.stra), 18. niveopicta (JPerigea), 18. NontuidaSi 1. noctiiit'ormis (Chabuata), 274. noctiiiformis ( Orthodes), 274. nordehscjoldi [Mamestra), 465. nordeiiscjoldi (Scrip- tonia), 4r>5. norma (Dianthxcia), 401. norma (Xvlomania), 401. normalis {Accrra), 405. normalis (Perigrnplia), 405. normani {Pcrigrapha), 441. norinani (Sideridis). 441. notata (Cliabuata); 259. notata ( Trwholita). 259. nova (Cardepia), 235. nova [Trickoc/ea), 235. noverca (Mamestra), 155. noverca (Polia). 155. nvgatis (Mamestra), 68. nu-atis (Polia), 68. nidlifera (Ayrotis), 281. nullifera (Hyssia), 281. nummosa (Miselia), 197. nun-atrum (Noctua), 414. oaxacana ( Lencania), 571. ohliqica (Bomhyv), 419. olmigra (Mamestra), 178. ohscura (Aletia), 2(54. obseura i Chabuata), 264. obscura (Mamestra), 157, 170 obscura (Polia), 157. ohscurata (Lnccania), 600. ohscurata (Mamestra), 111. ohscurior (Letwania), 583. obsciirior (Mamestra), 178. obscnrus ( igrotis), 333. obsoleta (L-3iicania), .599. ohsuleta (Noctua), 599. ODtiisa (Eriopyga), 300. obt iisa ( Tce/i iocampa), 300. obumbrata (Leucania), 611. obusta (Cirpbis), 479. obiista (Lcuvaiii'i), 479. obvia (Pulia), 613. occidenta ( Copimamcstra), 11. ocbracea (Lasionjcta), 59. ochracea (Noctua), 195. ochracca, (Xijlomiges), 59. ochrea (Dianthtecia), 2l)l. och'oleuca (Noctua), 4(51. ochrostigma (Hadcna), 73. ocliro'a (Eriopvga). 300. ochrotn (Himella), 300. och^histis (Mamestra), 380. oclithistis (Morrisonia), 380. ociosa (Celcena), 269. ociosa (Chabuata), 2(59. oct.ius (Melanchra), 612. ocularis (Nortua), 417. odiosa (Af/rotis), 424. odiosa (Mamestra). 238. odiosa (Moniina), 424. Odontelia, 219. Odoutestra, 205. odontites (Noctua), 26. cenistis (Hadena), (507. olbiena (Noctua), 79. okracea (Noctua), 135. olera-^ea (Polia), 135. olivacea (Mamestra), 178. olivacea (Polia), 178. olivocincia (Hecatera), 171. olivociticta (Polia), 171. oiiiierou (Melanchra), 612. omoplaca {^Mamestra), 382. omoplaca (Morrisonia), 382. Oiiychestra, 223. opaca ^Cirphis), 546. opaca (Leucania). 546. operosa (Borolia), 563. opcrosa (Leucania), 5(53. opiina (Moniina), 428. opima (Noctua), 428. optima (Haderonia), 245. optima (Hadula), 245. orbica (Kria]iyga), 318. orbiculata (Hyssia), 289. orbiculata (Mamestra), 289. ordinaria (Mamestra), 612. oregona (Cirphis), 526. oregoiia (Leucania), ,526. orrgonica (Mamestra), 29. or /da (Mamestra), 33. orida (Scotogramina), 33. ori".ntalis (JJianthuecia), 75. or/entalis (Glottula), 456. orientalis (Polia). 75. orientalis(Polytela), 456. ori:;a (Celcena), 7;:. oriza (Leucania), 571. oriza (Polia), 75. Orizaba (Leucania), -542. orisahena (Hadena), 83. orizibena (Polia), 83. ornala (Mamestra), 285. oroha (Agrotis), 351. oroba (Eriopj-ga), 351. orobia (Eriopyga), 299. orohia (Mamestrc(), 299. orophila (Agrotis), 333. orthosioides (Palponiraa), 432. ortkosoioides (Se/Jiio- pJiora), 432. oviduca (Eriopyga), 298. oviduca ( T(B)i iiivampa), 297, 298. 343. oxi/qala (Heliophila), 597. oxygala (Leucania), 597. Paohetra, 20.S. pacifira. (Grapkiphora), 151. pacifica (Monima), 429. paci/ica ( Taniocampa), 429. palilis (Dianthaecia), 166. pal i lis (Polia), 166. jjallens (Leucania), 598. pallcns (Mamestra), 136. pallens (Noctua), 598. pallescens (Eriopyga), 309. pallescens (Himella), 309. fuUida (DiaJithueeia), 196. pallida (Noctm), 419. judlida, (Ortliosi((), 431. pallida (Tceniocampa), 427. 628 ALI'IIAIJKTICAL INDEX. paUidicosIa {Leucaii ia), 267. paUidior ( T(X)noca mpa), 427, 431. pallidior (Xylomania), 301. pallidior {Xylom it/ en), 391. palliseca (Cirphis), 529. palliseca {Leucania), 529. PalponitTia, 432. pampa {Leucania), 527. pancratii (Brithys), 447. pancratii {Nodva), 447. pannosa (Apamea), 160. pannosa (Polia), 160. Panolis, 461. paracausta {Mainesfra), 370. paracausta (Morrisonia), 370. paran ica (Mamesfra), 142. paraniea (Polia), 142. paromcea (Moniiua), 429. parvula {Mamcntra), 63. parvula (Polia), 63. pasm (Mamesfra), 101. passa (Polia), 101. pastea (Cirphis), 550. Pastona, 60. patalis (Xylomania), 400. patalix {.Y///oi///i/e!<), 400. pairicia {Hclinphila), .585. patricia (Meliaiia), 585. paupera (Perigea), 240, 297. pavida {Hadena), 99. pectiiiata (Meliana), .576. peclinata {Mythiiuna), 357. pectinata (Nephelodes), 358. pei-tinata (Perigrapha), 407. pectinata ( Taniocampa), 407. pectinatus {Nephelodes), 358. peculiar is {Mamesfra). 34. pefiiliaris(Sootogramina), 34, 602. pclistis {Mamesfra), 384. penicillata {Leucania), 504. pennitarsis {Hadena), 119. liennitarsis (Polia), 119. pensilis { Diantha'cia), Ub. pensilis (Pulia), 145. peracuta {Morrison ia), 386. perbrnnnea (Eriopj-ga), 348. perbninnea {Graphi- phora), 348. percisa {Leucania.), 525. percussa (Borolia), 564. percussa {Leucania), 5(54. perdenfata {Hadena), 129. perdentata (Polia), 129. peredia {Tceniocampa), 350. peregrin a {Hadena), 92. peregrina (Polia), 92. perforata (Eriopyga), 302. perforata { Taniocamjxt), 302. I^erfusca (Eriopyga), 297. Perigoniea, 434. Perigrapha, 403. peritalis (Xylomania), 392. peritalis {Xi/lomiyes), 392. perliibens (Xylomania), 397. perlithcns {Xylinniges), 397. permiAta {Noctua), 99. ]ierplexa (Lasiestra), 52. ■pcrplexa {^ociua), 195. perplcxa {Scut oy ramma), 52. perpura {Ortkosia), 44. persa (Lasiestra), 52. persa {Mamestra), 52. persec'ta (Borolia), 574. Persectania, ."86. pcrsicaria> {Nuctua), 105. persicariae (Polia), 105. 2)erta {Cela-na), 11. pertracfa {Heliophila), 598. peterseni {Bhi:oyramrna), 14. peterseni (Trichorbiza), 14. 2)cfita {Mamestra). 1 78. ]ic.va {Hydrcecia), 254. pexa (Hydrocciodes), 254, phsea (Anarta), 45. phtea (Cirphis), .541. pthaa {Leucania), 541. pha?ochroa (Borolia), 572. ?haula (Leucania), 611. 'hilock>-ysa, 458. phlebitis (Cirphis), 537. phlebitis {Leucania), 537- phoca {Dianthaecia), 48. phoca (Lasiestra), 48. phragmitidicola (Cir- phis), 483. jikragmitidicola {Leu- cania), 586. pkricias {Mamestra). 385. phricias (Morrisonia), 385. Physetica, 444. picta (Ceramica), 446. picta {Mamestra), 446. jnctula {Diantkcecia), 174. pictula (Polia), 174. ])icfurafa {Dian tka>cia), 227. picturata (Epia), 227. pilipalpis (Cirphis), 480. pifipalpis {LLeliojihila), 480. 2nni {Noctua), 461. pinijjerda {Noctua), 461. pinna {Leucania), 567. pisi {Noctua), 136. pisi (Polia), 136, 603. placida (Cirphis), 552. pilacida {Mythimna), ■ 552. placida {Noctua), 170. plagiata {Agrotis), 258. plagiata (Tiracola), 2n8. pldi/ijcra (Agrotis), 258. plana (Leucania). 558. planalis {Agrotis), 301. planalis (Eriopyga), 301. plehda {Noctua), 1 14, 140.- plena {Krana), 367. plena (Morrisonia), 367. plicafa {Mamestra), 86. plicata (Polia), 86. plusifeibrinis (Stretchia), 364. poleniusa (Cirphis), .524. pulcmusa {Leucania), 524. Polia, 63. poliastis {Mamestra), 181. poliastis (Polia), 181. Poliodes, 359, 610. Poliodestra, 610. poliostigma {Hadena), 141. poliotis (Eriopyga), 352. polycltroa {Mamesfra), 368. polygoua (Tmetolo- pliota), 471. poly mi fa {Nor tun) 198 Poly mid- is 60. ALI'IIAHETICAL INDEX. 6l>9 polijodon {Manirs/m), 88. polyrabda (Cirpbis), Ml. polysticlia (Cirphis), 527. 'polif^tkkci {Leiicania), b-Ii. polystrota (Cirphis), 529. Poljtela, 45(5. Polytelodes, 454. pomerana ( Mame^ira), 472. jioijulcris {Boiiihy.r), 2lfi. popularis (Tholera), 215. ■populeti {Boinhyx), 417. populeti (Monima), 417. porosa (Moniina), 412. 2wrosa (Orfkonia), 412. postica (Cirphis), 535. posfica (Leucatiia), 5'5.5. postica (Trichoclea), 241. potaiiini {Mamesfra), 207. _ potanini (Odontestra), 207. prfficipua (Hadula), 246. prcecipua {Ma/nestra), 246. prisclara (Lcucania), 565. prcsdiia (Nocfua), 126. praedita (Polia), 126. prceqracilis {Heliophilin), 58S. pr;Bo;raciHs (Meliann), 588. prjEses (Perigrapha), 407. 2}r<£termism {Diunthacia), 190. prima (Perigrapha), 404. prioiuxfis (^Mumestra), 384. prionistis (Morrisonia), 384. procincta (Hadena), 209. procinctus [Eupsejjho- factes), 209. prodcni fa ?-?n is ( Ma mex- tra)'\-ll. prodenilorinis (Polia), 127. prodenus {Cerastis). 344. j)roleucn {Lcucania), 21. prominens (Cirphis), 487. prominens {Lcucajiia), 487, 506. promiilsa (Lasiestra), 49. promulsa {Mamcutra), 49. Pronotestra, 224. propria {Lcucania), 471. propria (Tmetolopiiota), 471. propnha {Raphia). 229. pniti-adis {Mumcstra), •Mb. Proteinania, 290. proxima (Cirpliis), .504. prnxima. {Lcucania), 504. pro.vima (Xoctiw), 73, 140. proxima (Polia), 73. pryeri (Cirjjhis), 481. prycri [Lcucania), 498. pseudargyria (Cirphis), 481. pseudargyria {Lcucania), 481. Pseudorfhudes, 291. psiitacus {Mamesfra), 174. psittacus (Polia), 174. ptilodonfa (Scotogram- ma), 28. pfilodonta ( Trichopolia), 28. ptochica {Mamesfra), 101. ptochica (Polia), 101. ptyonophora (Cirphis), 491. pudorina (Leucania), 600. pudorina {Nooftia), 600. puerilis (Eriopyga), 344. jmcrilis {Mana/stra). 3-14. puyna.v {Nucfua), 29. pulchella {Graphiphiira), 406. pulchella (Perigrapha), 40(). puk'helJa (Xjlomania), 399. pulchella {Xi/lomigcs), 399. pulchra {Lcucania), 499. jjulrerulenfa {Mamcslra), 1.58. pulverulenta {yac/ua), 420. pumila. {Dianthoecia), 199. piiinila (Polia), 199. punctifera {Leucania), 542. puncfina {Xocfua), 596. punriivena {Dasygastcr), 477. punctosa {Cera si is), 264. pmictosa (Chabuata), 264. punctosa (Cir|ihis), 539. punctcsa {Lcucania), 491. puncfosa {Siaiyra), 539. punctula(Kri'ipyga), 329. puiicfu/ata {SjM-lotis), 517. punctulum {Eriopyga), 329. pnrdii (Leucania). 611. purpurigera (Eriopyga), 327. purpurigera {Hypoiri.r), 327. purpurissafa {Eurois), 70. pnrpurissata (Polia), 70. pusilla {Nocfua), 420. pusilla (Polia), 88. pusilla {Thargelia), 88. putrescens (Cirphis), 540, putresccns {Nocfua), 540. putrida (Cirphis), 544. pufrida {Leticania), 544. pyrastis (Cirphis) 518. pyrena ica {Facketra), 203. pyropis (Eriopyga), 342. pyrrhias (Cirpliis), 494. pyrrhias {Leucania), 494. quadrannulata (Cirphis), 555. quadra?) mi lata {Mames- fra), 555. quadra ta {Ma mesfra ), 1.38. quad rat a (Polia), 138. quad rilineafa { C'elcen a), 187. quadrilin ca fa { Ma mest ra), 183. quadrilineata (Polia), 183. quadrilunata (Anarta), 40. qiiadriposifa {Hadena), 141. quadristigma {Himella), 348. radiata (Aspidifrontia), 450. radiata (Borolia), 566. radiata {Leucauin), 566. radi.v {Aqrotis), 132. radix (Pulia), 132. rainieri (Lasionycta), 54. rainierii {Mamesfra), 54. ranunculina {Ncctua), 169. ravida {Xoctua), 203. rectilinea (Chabuata), 273. recfilinea {Mamesfra), 178. recfilinea {Nocfua), 95. regnafrix {riiilocftry.. schiieideri {Mamesfra ), 129. solineideri (Folia), 129. scirpi (Cirphis), 545. scirpi (Li'ucania), 545, 573. scirpioola (Leiiccaiia), 5(i6. scottii (Lcucania). 582. scotti (Meliana), 582. scotochlora (Polia), 116. scotochroma {Ma niesf.ru), 12. Scotograraraa, 24. scr.'eliiigia (Lasionycta), 56. Scriptania, 464. scripta (Ma nil's/ ra), 467. scripta (Sti'igania), 4()7. secedens (Eriopjga), 312. secedens (Himella), 312. secede ns (F/iOiin), 193. secedens (Polia), 193. secta (Cirphis), 524. secfc( (Leuc(mia), 524. sectilis (Mori'isonia), 372. sectilis {Xylophasici), 372. sedilis (Lasionyct.a), 57. sedilis {Hcotogramma), 57. seeboldi (Mamestra), 612. segreqata {Mamestra), 146. segregata (Polia). 146. sejuncta {Dianthueciu), 233. selama {Mamestm), 87. selatna (Polia). 87. semiaperta (Hgdrcecirt), 260. son icnna (Leueanin), 518. semicircula {Leucania), 268. semil'usca (Craterestra), 22. scmivaria ( Mamestra), 187. fiemidphora, 409. semipallida (Aspidi- ■ fronlia), 451. seiiiiusta (Cirphis), 551. semiusta {Leucani'i), 551. seinivittata (Leucania), 592. senatoria (Hyssia), 28l. sen at or ia (Mamestra), 281. sencsceiis (Leucania), 542. sepai'ata (Leucania), 547. &e2}fentrionis (Anarta), 39. sepulchralis (Leucania), 538. Serena (Polia), 170. serena (Noctua), 170. serrata (Trichopolia), 363, 610. serratilinea (Mamestra), 88. serratilinea (Polia). 88. serviiis (Hadena), 190. sesaniiodes (Borolia), 575. siccanorum (Mamestra), 223. siccanorum (Onychestra), 223. sichima (Polia), 161. sicula (Cirphis), 537. sicula (Leucania), 537. Sideridis, 436. sieversi (Tceniocampa), 410. signata (Chabnata), 260. signata (Nephelvdes), 260. silenes (Epia), 233. silenes (Noctua), 233. silenides (Mcancstra), 224. silenides (Pronotestra), 224. similis (Euri/psgrke), 556. sim illima (Leucania), 523. sim illima (Xeuria), 206. sitnillinia (Odontestra), 206. simplaria (Leucania), 531. simplex (Acronycta), 394. simplex (Cirphis), 503. simplex (L-jCucania). 503. simplex (Polia), 613. simplex (Xylomania), 394. singularis (Leucania), 5(J9. sinnosa (Cirphis), 53.5. si/iuosa (Leucania), 53.5. sist.''ns (Fjumichtis), 280. s/celloni (Hadena), 368. sJcrmlinqia ( Phlogophora), 56._ ■ sminthistis (Hvssia\ 280. sociaMlis (Mamestra), 240. sociabilis (Trichoclea), 210. soda (Hadena). 32. sodae (Scotogramnia), 32. softa (Mamestra). 139. softa (Polia), 139. soligcna (JVIamestra), 612. solita. (Leucania), 482, 629, 530, 539, 544, 586. spalax (Mamestra), 89. spalax (Polia), 89. spo'-sus (liomhyx), 431. spartii (Noctua), 95. specifica (Alysia), 281. spectabilis (Agrotis), 258. speyeri (Polia), 162. spei/eri (TrigonopJiora), i62. spliaqnea (Mamestra), 367. sjjicidusa (Mamestra), 175. spiculosa (Polia), 175. sjjinacicB (Noctua), 135, 169. splendens (Mainestra), 136. splendens (Noctua), 134. splendens (Polia), 134. spoliata (A'ylina), 371. sjrreta (lioinhyx), 461. sptircata (Xylina), 369. spurcilinea (Eriopyga), 335. sfcabilis (Monima), 419. stahilis (Noctua), 419. stah His ( Semiojihora ) , 429. staiulingeri (Anarta). 38. stellata (Borolia), .565. stellata (Leucania). 565. 8teni))tera (Borolia), 569. stcnoqrapha (Leucania), 488. stcnoptera (Meliana), 578. stenoptera (Monima\ 420. stenoptera ( Twniocampa), 420. G32 Ai.rii.uiKTrcAi, ]ndt:x. stenotis (rolia), 16S. sf.erojjc/s/ia {Min/ic.-ifra), 388. steropastis (Persectaniu), 388. sfevensii {Folia), llfi. stigmosa {Mamestra), 31. stigmoBa (Scotogramma), 31. stipata (Morrisonia), 379. sflpata {Xylina), 379. stolata (Leiicania), 585. st.olata (Meliana), 585. stolidn {Hrideim). 10 J. stramen (Leucaiiia), 531. straminea (Leucania), 598. s/raminea ( Mamcatra), 12. Stretchia, 3r>3. stretchia (Polia), lOG. sfretchii {Scutoyramma), 16«. striata {Leucania). 534. strict a {Hadena). 176. stricta (Folia), 176. Strigaaiia, 46(). striqicollis {Hecaicra), 181. styracis (lajniocampa), 613. suasa {Xucliia). 99. suasa (Polia\ 99. sttavis {Mamestra), 131. suavis (Polia), 131. subapicalis {Mamestra), 397. suharschanica {Hadeua), 62. subarschaiiica (Polia), 62. sid)contigua { Ma luestra), 93. svhdita {Diantha'cia), 48. subdita (Lasiestra), 48. suhdoletis { Gra2Jhij)hora), 359. suhfusctila {Avarta), 57. suhfiiscula (Lasiouycta), 57. suhjecta {Hadeva). 173. subjecta (Polia), 173. suhju7icta {Had en a), 97. subjuncta (Polia), 97. suhmarginalis [Helio- phobus), 207. subiuarginalis (Odontcs- tra), 207. submarina (Anarta), 35. subinarina (8foto- graiiuiia), 35. submedianata (Scoto- gramma), 27. submcEsta (Dianthoecia), 610. siibnitens {Lciwania), 498. subnotata {Monnsca), 359. subolivacea (Eriopyga), 325. subpicta {Mamestra), 180. subpicta (Polia), 180. subplumbea {Bombi/.v), 417. subpunctata {Heliophila), .542. subsefaceiis {Bombi/.r), 427. subsigiiata (Cirpliis), 502. subsif/7Kda {Leucania), 502. subsocia (Cbabuata), 270. subsocia {Ttpniocampa), 270. substituta {Leucaji ia), 562. subterminata (Crater- estra), 22. subterminata { Ta-v io- campa), 426. subvelata {Ajjamca), 23. subvelata (Craterestra), 23. suhviolacea {Hadena), 60. suffusa {Anarta), 43. suffusa {Lettcania), 584. suffnsa (Meliana), 584. suffusa {Tceniocampa), *64. sulcana (Leucania), 593. sutrina {Mamestra), 139. sutrina (Polia), 139. sylviana {Noctua), 453. syvcjenesicB {Nuctua), 228. syrissa {Trichnlita). 259. syzjgid (Scriptania), 464. tahdata {Xylomiges). 400. faccma {Mamestra), 137. tacoma (Polia). 137. taciina (Borolia), ,562. tacuna {Leucania), 562. T. terranea (Craterestra), 19. terranea {Perigea), 19. tersa (Eriopyga), 294. tcrsa {Perigea), 294. tertia (Perigouica), 435. tertialis (Nephelodes), 357. tertulia (Eriopyga), 353. tcrtidia (Perigea), 353. tetera {Leucania), 583. tetrica (Mamestra), 612. texana {Heliophila), 570. texturata (Hadena), 213. texturata {Mamestra), 213. thalassina {Noctua), 96. tbalassina (Polia), 96. tl/apsi {Noctua), 114. Thargelia, 220. ihecata {Mamestra), 347. thermistis (Eriopyga), 351. Tholera, 216. thoracica {Leucania^, 492. Tliyrcstra, 6. ALPHABT}TICAL INDEX. C33 timais {Vhalana), 459. liniais (Ximthopastis), 455). tiiicta (Boi'olia), 568. t'lncta {Leitcaiiia), 5()S. tincfa (XiA'/ua), 111. tiiicta (Tolia). 111. t/?iila (Leitcnnia), 542. Tiracola, 257. Tinetolophota, 470. togata {Apamea), 344. toronoui-a (Lcucaiiia), 591. torrentium (Borolia), 567. torrentium {Leucania), 567. transhdilMlensis {Leu- cania), 596. ti'ansparens(Perigraplia), 40iS. trcifschkci (Kocfua), 29. trcitschkii (Hadena), 29. tremulcti ( Tmuocampu), 417. Trichestra, 8. Triclioclea, 236. TrichoUta, 259. Trichopolia, 361. Tricborliiza, 13. tricuspid {Bombi/x), 462. trifascia (Eriopyga), 304. trifascia ( TcEtiiocampa), 304. trifoUi {Leucania), 547. trifolii {Noctua), 28. trifolii {Scotogramma), 28. trigutla {Noctua), 427. trimaculosa {Noctua), 111. trimenda {Noctua), 92. trinidadensis {Mdia), 36. trisema (Aiiai'ta), 37. tristis {Noctua), 45. tritonia (Cirphis), 542. trocas {Mamcstra), 330. turbida {Namesfra), 169. turhida {Noctua), 520. turbida {Xylina), 368. turca (Eriopyga), 30(). iwrca {Noctua), 306. turcc//a {Leucania), 306. turpis (Hadula), 245. turpii {Pkcebophilus), 245. typbludes (Cirphis), 495. fijphlodcs {Leucania), ' 495. typica {Noctua), 212. VOL. V. ucla (Cirphis). 488. «r;?« {Leucania), 488. Ulolonche, 278. umbra (Melanchra), 612. umbrigera (Leucania), 611. umbrosa (Polia), 85. umhrosa { Scotogramma), 85. imcifera (Hadena), 214. uncifera. {Frodenia), 214. uiidiciliff' {Apamea). 102. u>?ica. {Hadena), 249. unica (Hadula), 249. unica (Leucania), 591. unicolor {Mamestra), 105. 212. unicolor {Noctua), 111. unicolora {Agrotis), 352. uuicolora (Eriopyga), 3.72. uniformis (DiantJmcia), 75. uniformis (Eriopj'ga), 349. uniformis (Lasiestra), 50. uniformis {Leucania,), 683. uniformis (Meliana), .583. tt niform in { Scotograinma), 50. uniformis { Tenniocampa), 349. unipuucta (Cirphis), 547. unipuncta {Noctua), 547. ursina {Lathosea), 362. ursina (Trichopolia), 362. U-scripta {Mamestra), 237. U-scripta (Trichoclea), 237. usta (Cirphis), 501. usta {Leucania), 501. ustistriga (Morrisonia), 377. ustistriga {Xglina), 377. utahensis (Eriopyga), 300. utahensis { Tceniocampa), 300. valcsicola {Leucania^ , 536. v-alhuni {Leucania), 402. v-albiim (Xylomaiiia), 402. vana {Agrotis), 580. vana (Meliana), 580. variabilis (Stretchia), 365. variegata {Mamestra), 135. variolata {Mamestra), 118. variolata (Polia), 118. vau-media {Mamestra), 180. Tau-niedia (Polia), 180. vau-orbicularis {Mames- tra), 102. vau-orbicularis (Polia), 102. vecors (Eriopyga), 344. vecors {Orthodes), 344. velata {Celcena), 344. vellerea (Nephelistis), 253. vellerea {Tmniocampa), 250, 251. velutina (Cluibuata), 267. velutina (Cirphis), 520. velutina {Leucania), 267. 520. venalba (Borolia), 567. vcnalba {Leucania), 567. venata (Polia), 104. venata, {Tcenioca?npa), 420. verna {Noctua), 28. vestigialis {Bombyx), 203. vexata {Xglina), 369. vicina {Mamestra), 144. vicina (Polia), 144. vidua {Mamestra), 134. vidua {Noctua), 45. Tidua (Polia), 134. vigas {Hadeiui), 187. vigasia {Chloridea), 291. vigasia (Proteinania), 291. vigens {Erana), 8. vindemialis { Ceramica), 445. vindemialis {Mamestra), 442. vindemialis (Physetica), 445. vinobarbata (Eriop3'ga), 311. viola (Poliodes), 361. violans {Ncphelodes), 358. violascens (Eriopyga), 340. violascens {Himclla), 340. violascens (Jlyssia), 286. violascens (Poliodes), 361. violascens {Xglina), 3(!L vireaccns {Chera), 278. 634 ALPHABETICAL INDEX. virgula (Eriopyga), 342. virqnla (T(snioca/)qja), 342. viriata (Apamea), 19. viridis {Dianihoecia), 367. viriditincta ( Ma mestra), 173. viscariw (Dian thcecia), 202. vitelliiia (Noctua), 440. ■vitellina (Sideridis), 440. vitiosa (Apamea), 375. vitiosa (Morrisonia), 375. vitis (Dico2ns), 77. vittata {Leucania), 581. vittata (Meliana), 581. vittigera (Mamestra), 205. vittigera (Odoiitestra), 205. vitttda {Mamestra), 183. vittula (Polia), 183. vmda ( Celerena), 352. viuda (Eriopyga), 352. volupia {Vlialana), 306. vomerina ( Cloantha), 374. wistromi (Anarta), 45. w-lafinum (Hadena), 133. iv-lntinum (Nocfua), 95, 99. w-latinum (Polia), 95. Xanihalia, 60. Xanthia, 60. xantliina (Hydroeeiodes), 254. xanthocosma {Mamestra'), 161. xantliocosuia (Polia), 161. xa nthocya nea ( Noctua ) , 198. xanthofiisca ( Diantkoecia), 198. Xantliopastis, 458. xena (Maiiobia), 276. xyloqra m ma. ( Meliana), 556. Xylomania, 389. yacima (Craterestra), 21. yakima (Matnestra), 21. yu (Cirphis), 650. yw {Leucania), 550. zachii {Mame$tra), 102. zere (Cirphis), 544. zees {Nocf'ua), 544. zemblica (Anarta), 47. cubira {Mametitra), 159. Zosteropoda, 588. zuelana (Catephiodes), 36. zuelana. {Hadena), 36. rUINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. LIST OF THE CURRENT NATURAL HISTORY PUBLICATIONS OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM. The following publications can be purchased through the Agency of Messi^s. Longmans & Co., 39, Paternoster Row ; Mr. QuARiTCH, 15, Piccadilly \ Messrs. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., Dryden House, 43, Gerrard Street, Solio, W. ; and Messrs. 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List of the Specimens of Cetacea in the Zoological Depart- ment of the British Museum. By William Henry Flower, LL.D., F.K.S., &c. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] Pp. iv., 36. 1885, 8vo. Is. M. Catalogue of Ruminant Mammalia {Pecora, Linnaeus) in the British Museum. By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. viii., 102. 4 Plates. 1872, 8vo. 3s. 6d Catalogue of the Marsupialia and Monotremata in the Collection of the British Museum. By Oldfield Thomas. Pp. xiii., 401. 4 Coloured and 24 plain Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1888, 8vo. U. 8s. BIRDS. Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum : — Vol. VI. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Cichlomorphce : Part III., containing the first portion of the family Timeliida3 (Babbling Thrushes). By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 420. Woodcuts and 18 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha- betical Indexes.] 1881, 8vo. 11. Vol. VII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Cichlomoiyhce : Part IV., containing the concluding portion of the family Timeliidse (Babbling Thrushes). By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xvi., 698. Woodcuts and 15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha- betical Indexes.] 1883, 8vo. 1/. 6s. Vol. VIII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Cichlomorp1i(C : Part V., containing the families Paridae and Laniidae (Titmice and Shrikes) ; and Certhiomorphce (Creepers and Nuthatches). By Hans Gadow, M.A., Ph.D. Pp. xiii., 386. Woodcuts and 9 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha- betical Indexes.] 1883, 8vo. 17s. 17801 A 2 4 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — continued. Vol. IX, Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Oinnyrimorjihce, containing the families Nectariniidae and Meliphagidae (Sun Birds and Honey-eaters). By Hans Gadow, M.A., Ph.D. Pp. xii., 310. Woodcuts and 7 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha- betical Indexes.] 1884, 8vo. 14s. Vol. X. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Fringilliformes : Part L, containing the families Dicasidas, Hirundinidae, Ampelidfe, Mniotiltidae, and Motacillidae. By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 682. Woodcuts and 12 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 1^. 2s. Vol. XI. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum, FringilUfonnes : Part II., containing the families Coerebidge, Tanagridas, and Icteridae. By Philip Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xvii., 431. Woodcuts and IS coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha- betical Indexes.] 1886, 8vo. 1^. Vol. XII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. FringiUifof'mes : Part III., containing the family Fringillidae. By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xv,, 871. Woodcuts and 16 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1888, Svo. 1^. 8s. Vol. XIII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Sturnifornies, containing the families Artamidas, Sturnidae, Ploceidas, and Alaudidse. Also the families Atrichiidae and Menuridae. By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xvi,, 701. Woodcuts and 15 coloured Plates, [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1890, 8vo. 1/. 8s. Vol. XIV. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Oligonii/odce, or the families Tyrannidae, Oxyrham- phidae, Pipridae, Cotingidae, Phytotomidae, Philepittidae, Pittidfe, Xenicidae, and Eurylasmidte. By Philip Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xix., 494. Woodcuts and 26 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha- betical Indexes.] 1888, 8vo. 1/. 4s. BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 5 Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — continued. Vol. XV. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Tracheo'phonce, or the families Dendrocolaptidae, Formicariidte, Conopophagid^, and Pteroptochidae. By Philip Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xvii., 371. Woodcuts and 20 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1890, 8vo. 11. Vol. XVI. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection of the British Museum. Upiipce and Trochili, by Osbert Salvin. Coracke, of the families Cypselidas, Capri- mulgidse, Podargidae, and Steatornithidse, by Ernst Hartert. Pp. xvi., 703. Woodcuts and 14 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.! 1892, 8vo, II. 16s. Vol. XVII. Catalogue of the Picaria3 in the Collection of the British Museum. Coracke (contin.) and Haley 07ies,y^\i\\ the families Leptosomatidas, Coraciidte, Meropidae, Alcedinidae, Momotid?e, Totidae and Coliidae, by R, Bowdler Sharpe. Bucerotes and Trogones^ by W. R. Ogilvie Grant. Pp. xi., 522. Woodcuts and 17 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1892, 8vo. II. 10s. Vol. XVIII. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection of the British Museum. Scansores, containing the family Picidas. By Edward Hargitt. Pp. xv., 597. Woodcuts and 15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1890, 8vo. 1/. &s. Vol. XIX, Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection of the British Museum. Scansores and Coccyges : con- taining the families Rhamphastidae, Galbulidae, and Bucconidae, by P. L. Sclater ; and the families Indi- catoridae, Capitonidae, Cuculidae, and Musopha.aidae, by G. E. Shelley. Pp. xii., 484 : 13 coloured^ Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1891, 8vo. 11. 5s. Vol. XX. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots, in the Collection of the British Museum. By T. Salvadori. Pp. xvii., 658. Woodcuts and 18 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1891, 8vo. 11. 10s. Vol. XXI. Catalogue of the Columbae, or Pigeons, in the Collection of the British Museum. By T. Salvadori. Pp. xvii., 676. 15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1893, 8vo. 11. 10s. Vol. XXII. Catalogue of the Game Birds {Pterocletes, Gallinoi, Oinslhocomi^Hemipodii) in the Collection of the British Museum. By W. R. Ogilvie Grant. Pp. xvi., 585. 8 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1893, 8vo. 1/. &s. 6 LIST OP PUBLICATIONS OlP THE Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — continued. Vol. XXIII. Catalogue of the Fulicarige (RallidaB and Heliornithidae) and Alectorides (Aramidae, Eurypy- gidse, Mesitidse, Rhinochetida^, Gruidae, Psophiidae, and Otididfe) in the Collection of the British Museum. By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 353. 9 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1894, 8vo. 20s. Yol. XXIV. Catalogue of the Limicolas in the Collection of the British Museum. By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xii., 794. Woodcuts and 7 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1896, 8vo. 11. 5s. Vol. XXV. Catalogue of the Gavias and Tubinares in the Collection of the British Museum. Gaviae (Terns, Gulls, and Skuas), by Howard Saunders. Tubinares (Petrels and Albatrosses), by Osbert Salvin. Pp. xv., 475. Woodcuts and 8 coloured Plates. [With Syste- matic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1896, 8vo. 1^. Is. Vol. XXVI. Catalogue of the Plataleae, Herodiones, Steganopodes, Pygopodes, Alcae, and Impennes in the Collection of the British Museum. Plataleae (Ibises and Spoonbills) and Herodiones (Herons and Storks), by R. Bowdler Sharpe. Steganopodes (Cormorants, Gannets, Frigate-birds, Tropic -birds, and Pelicans), Pygopodes (Divers and Grebes), Alcfe (Auks), and Im- pennes (Penguins), by W. R. Ogilvie-Grant. Pp. xvii., 687. Woodcuts and 14 coloured Plates. [With Sys- tematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1898, 8vo. 1/. 5.s-, Vol. XXVII. Catalogue of the Chenoraorphae (Pala- medeae, Phoenicopteri, Anseres), Crypturi, and Ratitae in the Collection of the British Museum. By T. Salvadori. Pp. xv., 636. 19 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1895, 8vo. 11. 12s. A Hand-list of the Genera and Species of Birds. [Nomen- clator Avium tum Fossilium turn Viventium.] By R. Bowdler Sharpe, LL.D. : — Vol. I. Pp. xxi., 303. [With Systematic Index.] 1899, 8vo. 10s. Vol. II. Pp. XV., 312. [With Systematic Index, and an Alphabetical Index to Vols. I. and II.] 1900, 8vo. 10s. Vol. III. Pp. xii., 367. [With Systematic and Alpha- Detical Indexes.] 1901, 8vo. 10s. Vol. IV. Pp. xii., 391. [With Systematic and Alpha- betical Indexes.] 1903, Svo. 10s. BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 7 List of the Specimens of Birds in the Collection of the British Museum, By George Robert Gray :— Part III., Section I. Ramphastidse. Pp. 16. [With Index.] 1855, 12mo. M. Parf, III.. Section 11. Psittacidse. Pp. 110. [With Index.] 1859, 12mo. 2s. Part III., Sections III. and IV. Capitonidse and Picidae. Pp. 137. [With Index.] 1868, 12mo. Is. U. Part lY. Columbse. Pp. 73. [With Index.] 1856, 12mo. Is. M. Part V. Gallinae. Pp. iv., 120. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1867, 12mo. Is. 6d. Catalogue of the Birds of the Tropical Islands of the Pacific Ocean in the Collection of the British Museum. By George Robert Gray, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 72. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1859, 8vo. Is. 6rf. Catalogue of the Collection of Birds' Eggs in the British Museum (Natural History) : — Vol. I. Ratitffi. CarinataB (Tinamiformes — Lariformes). By Eugene W. Gates. Pp. xxiii., 252, 18 Coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical lndexes.1 1901, 8vo. 30s. Vol. II, Carinatae (Charadriiformes — Strigiformes). By Eugene W. Gates, Pp. xx., 400. 15 Coloured Plates, [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1902, 8vo. 30s. Vol, III. Carinatae (Psittaciformes — Passeriformes). By Eugene W. Gates and Capt. Savile G. Reid. Pp. xxiii., 319. 10 Coloured Plates. [With Syste- matic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1903, 8vo, 25s. REPTILES. Catalogue of the Tortoises, Crocodiles, and Amphisbsenians in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. viii., 80. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1841, 12mo. Is. Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British Museum. By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., Act- Appendix. Pp. 28. 1872. 4to, 2s. &d. Part II. Emydosaurians,Rhynchocephalia,and Amphis- bsenians. Pp. vi., 41. 25 Woodcuts. 1872, 4to. 3s. 6d, Hand-List of the Specimens of Shield Reptiles in the British Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., F.L.S., &c. Pp. iv., 124. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1873, 8vo. 4s. ^ LIST OP PUBLICATIONS OF THfi Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and Crocodilea in the British Museum (Natural History). New Edition. By George Albert Boulenger. Pp. x., 311. 73 Woodcuts and 6 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1889, 8vo. 15.s. Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural His- tory). Second Edition. By George Albert Boulenger : — Vol. I. Geckonidse, Eublepharidse, Uroplatidae, Pygo- podidse, Agamidae. Pp. xii., 436. 32 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 20s. Vol. II. Iguanidas, Xenosauridae, Zonuridae, Anguidae, Anniellidae, Helodermatidae, Varanidao, Xantusiidse, Teiidae, Amphisbaenidae. Pp. xiii., -497. 24 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885 8vo. 20s. Vol. III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytro- pidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. Pp. xii., 575. 40 Plates, [With a Systematic Index and an Alphabetical Index to the three volumes.] 1887, 8vo. 1/. 6s. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). By George Albert Boulenger, F.R.S., &c. : — Vol. I., containing the families Typhlopidae, Glauconiidae, Boidae, Ilysiidae, XJropeltidae, Xenopeltidae, and Colu- bridae aglyphae (part). Pp. xiii., 448 : 26 Woodcuts and 28 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1893, 8vo. 11. Is. Vol. II., containing the conclusion of the Colubridae aglyphae. Pp. xi., 382 : 25 Woodcuts and 20 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1894. 8vo. 17s. 6rf. Vol. III., containing the Colubridae (Opisthoglyphae and Proteroglyphae), Amblycephalidae, and Viperidae. Pp. xiv., 727 : 37 Woodcuts and 25 Plates. [With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index to the 3 volumes.] 1896, 8vo. 11. Qs. Catalogue of Colubrine Snakes in the Collection of the BTitish Museum. By Dr. Albert Giinther. Pp. xvi., 281. [With Geographic, Systematic, and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1858, 12mo. 4s. BATRACHIANS. Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. Albert Giinther. Pp. xvi., 160. 12 Plates. [With Systematic, Geographic, and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1858, 8vo. 6s. BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). FISHES. Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum. Second edition. Vol. I. Catalogue of the Perciforni Fishes in the British Museum. Vol. I. Containing the Centrarchidae, Pereidae, and Serranidag (part). By George Albert Boulenger, F.R.S. Pp. xix., 394. Woodcuts and 15 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1895, 8vo. 15s. Catalogue of Fish collected and described by Laurence Theodore Gronow, now in the British Museum. Pp. vii., 196. [With a Systematic Index.] 1854, 12mo. 3s. 6d. Catalogue of Lophobranchiate Fish in the Collection of the British Museum. By J. J. Kaup, Ph.D., &c. Pp. iv., 80. 4 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856, 12mo. 2s. MOLLUSCA . Guide to the Systematic Distribution of Mollusca in the British Museum. Part I. By John Edward Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S., &c. Pp. xii., 230. 121 Woodcuts. 1857,' 8vo. 5s. List of the Shells of the Canaries in the Collection of the British Museum, collected by MM. Webb and Berthelot. Described and figured by Prof. Alcide D'Orbigny in the " Histoire Naturelle des lies Canaries." Pp. 32. 1854, 12mo. Is. J^ist of the Shells of Cuba in the Collection of the British Museum collected by M. Ramon de la Sagra. Described by Prof. Alcide d'Orbigny in the " Histoire de I'llle de Cuba." Pp. 48. 1854, 12mo. Is. List of the Shells of South America in the Collection of the British Museum. Collected and described by M. Alcide D'Orbigny in the "Voyage dans I'Amerique Meridionale." Pp. 89. 1854, 12mo. 2s. Catalogue of the Collection of Mazatlan Shells in the British Museum, collected by Frederick Reigen. Described by Philip P. Carpenter. Pp. xvi., 552. 1857, 12mo. 8s. List of Mollusca and Shells in the Collection of the British Museum, collected and described by MM. Eydoux and Souleyet in the "Voyage autour du Monde, execute "pendant les annees 1836 et 1837, sur la Corvette 'La " Bonite,' " and in the " Histoire naturelle des Mollusques " Pteropodes." Par MM. P. C. A. L. Rang et Souleyet. Pp. iv., 27. 1855, 12mo. Sd. 10 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE Catalogue of the Phaneropneumona, or Terrestrial Operculated Mollusca, in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. L. Pfeiffer. Pp. 324. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1852, 12mo. 5s. Catalogue of Pulmonata, or Air Breathing Mollusca, in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. By Dr. Louis Pfeiffer. Pp. iv., ]92. Woodcuts. 1855, 12mo. 2s. Gc/. Catalogue of the Auriculidae, Proserpinidae, and Truncatellidae in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. Louis Pfeiffer. Pp. iv., 150. Woodcuts. 1857, 12mo. Is. dd. List of the Mollusca in the Collection of the British Museum. By John Edward Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S., &c. Part II. Olividffi. Pp. 41. 1865, 12mo. Is. Catalogue of the Conchifera, or Bivalve Shells, in the Collection of the British Museum. By M. Deshayes : — Part I. Veneridae, Cyprinidje, Glauconomidae, and Petricoladae. Pp. iv., 216. 1853, 12mo. 3s. Part IT. Petricoladae (concluded) ; Corbiculadae. Pp. 217-292. [With an Alphabetical Index to the two parts.] 1854, 12mo. 6d. BRACHIOPODA. Catalogue of Brachiopoda Ancjdopoda or Lamp Shells in the Collection of the British Museum. \^Issiied as " Catalogue of the Mollusca, Part IV."] Pp. iv., 128. 25 Woodcuts. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1853, 12mo. 3s. POLYZOA. Catalogue of Marine Polyzoa in the Collection of the British Museum. Part III. Cyclostomata. By George Busk, F.R.S. Pp. viii., 39. 38 Plates. [With a Systematic Index.] 1875, 8vo. 5s. CRUSTACEA. Catalogue of the Specimens of Amphipodous Crustacea in the Collection of the British Museum. By C. Spence Bate, F.R.S., &c. Pp. iv., 399. 58 Plates. [With an Alpha- betical Index.] 1862, 8vo. 11. 5s. ARACHNIDA. Descriptive Catalogue of the Spiders of Burma, based upon the Collection made by Eugene W. Gates and preserved in the British Museum.* By T. Thorell. Pp. xxxvi., 406. [With Systematic List and Alphabetical Index.] 1895, 8vo. 10s. ed. BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) 11 INSECTS. Coleopterous Insects. Nomenclature of Coleopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum : — Part VI. Passalidae. By Frederick Smith. Pp. iv., 23. 1 Plate. [With Index.] 1852, 12mo. 8d Part VII. Longicornia, I. By Adam White. Pp. iv., 174. 4 Plates. 1853, 12mo. 2s. 6d Part VIII. Longicornia, II. By Adam White. Pp. 237. 6 Plates. 1855, 12mo. 3s, 6d Part IX. Cassididae. By Charles H. Boheman, Professor of Natural History, Stockholm. Pp. 225. [With Index.] 1856, 12mo. 3s. Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Coleoptera in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Lycidae. By Charles Owen Waterhouse. Pp. x., 83. 18 Coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1879, 8vo. 16s. Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of Madeira in the Collection of the British Museum. By T. Vernon Wollaston, M.A., F.L.S. Pp. xvi., 234 : 1 Plate. [With a Topographical Catalogue and an Alphabetical Index.] 1857, 8vo. 3s. Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of the Canaries in the Collection of the British Museum, By T. Vernon Wollaston, M.A„ F,L.S, Pp, xiii,, 648, [With Topo- graphical and Alphabetical Indexes,] 1864, 8vo, 10s. Qd. Catalogue of Halticidse in the Collection of the British Museum. By the Rev. Hamlet Clark, M.A., F.L.S. Physapodes and CEdipodes. Part I. Pp. xii., 301. Frontispiece and 9 Plates. 1860, 8vo. 7s. Catalogue of Hispidae in the Collection of the British Museum. By Joseph S. Baly, M.E.S,, &c. Part I. Pp. x., 172. 9 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1858, 8vo. &s. Hymenopterous Insects. Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. By Frederick Smith. 12mo. : — Part I. Andrenidae and Apidae. Pp. 197. 6 Plates. 1853, 2s. 6d. Part II. Apidse. Pp. 199-465. 6 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1854. 6s. 12 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OP THE Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the British Museum — continued. Part III. Mutillidse and Pompilida?. Pp. 206. 6 Plates. 1855. ^s. Part IV. Sphegidse, Larrida^, and Crabronidse. Pp. 207- 497. 6 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856. 6s. Part V. Vespidae. Pp. 147. 6 Plates. [With an Alpha- betical Index.] 1857. 6s. Part VI. Formicidfse. Pp. 216. 14 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1858. ^s. Part VII. Dorylidse and Thynnidse. Pp. 76. 3 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1859. 2s. List of Hymenoptera, with descriptions and figures of the Typical Specimens in the British Museum. • Vol. I., Tenthredinidae and Siricidfe. By W. F. Kirby. Pp. xxviii., 450. 16 Coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1882, 8vo. \l. 18s. Dipterous Insects. List of the Specimens of Dipterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S. Part VII. Supplement III. Asilidse. Pp. ii., 507-775. 1855, 12mo. 3s. 6d A Monograph of the Culicidffi, or Mosquitoes. Mainly com- piled from the Collections received at the British Museum from various parts of the world in connection with the Investigation into the cause of Malaria conducted by the Colonial Office and the Royal Society. By Fred. V. Theobald, M.A., &c. :— Vols. I., II. (pp. xviii., 424 ; viii., 391 : 318 woodcuts), and Atlas of 37 coloured and 5 collotype plates (pp. viii., with explanations of plates). 1901, 8vo. 3^. 3s. Vol. III. Pp. xvii., 359 : 17 plates, 1 diagram, and 193 illustrations in text. 1903, 8vo. 1^. Is. A Monograph of the Tsetse-Flies (Genus Glossina, Westwood), based on the Collection in the British Museum. By Ernest Edward Austen. With a chapter on Mouth-parts by H. J. Hansen, Phil. Doc. Pp. ix., 319 : 9 plates (7 coloured), 16 woodcuts, 1 map. 1903, Roy. 8vo. 15s. BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY.) 13 Lepidopterous Insects. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaense in the British Museum. By Sir George F. Hampson, Bart. : — Vol. I. Catalogue of the Syntomidae in the Collection of the British Museum. Pp. xxi,, 559 : 285 Woodcuts. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1898, 8vo. 15s. Atlas of 17 Coloured Plates, 8vo. 15s. Vol. II. Catalogue of the Arctiadse (Nolinae, Litho- sianse) in the Collection of the British Museum. Pp. XX., 589 : 411 Woodcuts. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1900, 8vo. 18s. Atlas of 18 Coloured Plates (xviii.-xxxv.), 8vo. 15s. Vol. III. Catalogue of the Arctiadse (Arctianse) and Agaristidae in the Collection of the British Museum. Pp. xix., 690 : 294 woodcuts. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1901, 8vo. 15s. Atlas of 19 Coloured Plates (xxxvi-liv.), 8vo. 16s. Vol. IV. Catalogue of the Noctuidae. Pp. xx., 689 : 125 woodcuts. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1903, 8vo. 15s. Atlas of 23 Coloured Plates (Iv. — Ixxvii), 8vo. 16s. Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum : — Part V. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xii., 74. 78-100 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic Index.] 1881, 4to. n. 10s. Part VI. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xv., 89. 101-120 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic Index.] 1886, 4to. 21. 4s. Part VII. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. iv., 124. 121-138 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic List.] 1889, 4to. n. Part VIII. The Lepidoptera Heterocera of the Nilgiri District, By George Francis Hampson. Pp. iv., 144. 139-156 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic List.] 1891, 4to. 2/. Part IX. The Macrolepidoptera Heterocera of Ceylon. By George Francis Hampson. Pp. v., 182. 157-176 Coloured Plates. [With a General Systematic List of Species collected in, or recorded from, Ceylon.] 1893. 4to. 21. 2s. Catalogue of the Collection of Paliearctic Butterflies formed by the late John Henry Leech, and presented to the Trustees of the British Museum by his Mother, Mrs. Eliza Leech. By Richard South, F.E.S. Pp. vi., 228. 2 Coloured Plates. With a Portrait and Biographical Memoir of Mr. Leech. 1902, 4to. 1/. 14 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THB Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera described by Fabricius in the Collection of the British Museum. By Arthur Gardiner Butler, F.L.S., &c. Pp. i\., 303. 3 Plates. 1869, 8vo. 7s. 6d. Specimen of a Catalogue of Lycsenidae in the British Museum. By W. C. Hewitson. Pp. 15. 8 Coloured Plates. 1862, 4to. 1/. Is. List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker. 12mo. : — Part XXII. Geometrites. Pp. 499-755. 1861, 3s. 6d. Part XXIII. Pp. 756-1020. 1861, 3s. 6d. Part XXIV. Pp. 1021-1280. 1862, 3s. 6d. Part XXV. Pp. 1281-1477. 1862, 3s. Part XXVI. Pp. 1478-1796. [With an Alphabetical Index to Parts XX.-XXVI.] 1862, 4s. 6d Part XXVII. Crambites and Tortricites. Pp. 1-286. 1863, 4s. Part XXVIII. Tortricites and Tineites. Pp. 287-561. 1863, 4s. Part XXIX. Tineites. Pp. 562-835. 1864, 4s. Part XXX. Pp. 836-1096. [With an Alpha- betical Index to Parts XXVI I. -XXX.] 1864, 4s. Part XXXI. Supplement. Pp. 1-321. 1864, 5s. Part XXXII. Part 2. Pp. 322-706. 1865, 5s. Part XXXIII. Part 3. Pp. 707-1120. 1865, 6s. Part XXXIV. Part 4. Pp. 1121-1533. 1865, 5s. 6d. Part XXXV. Part 5. Pp. 1534-2040. [With an Alphabetical Index to Parts XXXI.- XXXV.] 1866, 7s. Neu7^opterous Insects. Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker. 12mo. :— Part II. Sialidae— Nemopterides. Pp. ii., 193-476. 1853, 3s. M.. Part III. Termitidae— Ephemeridse. Pp. ii., 477-585. 1853, Is. &d. Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. H. Hagen. Part I. Termitina. Pp. 34. 1858, 12mo. 6d. BRITISH MUSEUM (NA.TURA.L HISTORY). 15 Orthopterous Insects. Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmiclae. By John Obadiah Westwood, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 195. 48 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] L859, 4to. 'M. Catalogue of the Specimens of Blattarise in the Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 239. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1868, 8vo. 5^. &d. Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c. :— Part II. Locustidffi (continued). Pp. 225-423. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1869, 8vo. 4s. Qd. Part III. Locustidiae (continued). — Acrididae. Pp. 425- 604. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1870, 8vo. 4s. Part IV. Acridida3 (continued). Pp. 605-809. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1870, 8vo. 6s. Part V. Tettigidse. — Supplement to the Catalogue of Blattariae. — Supplement to the Catalogue of Dermaptera Saltatoria (with remarks on the Geographical Distri- bution of Dermaptera). Pp. 811-850 ; 43 ; 116. [With Alphabetical Indexes.] 1870, 8vo. 'os. Hemipterous Insects. Catalogue of the Specimens of Heteropterous Hemiptera in the Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c. 8vo. :— Part I. Scutata. Pp. 240. 1867. 5s. Part II. Scutata (continued). Pp. 241-417. 1867. 4s. Part III. Pp. 418-599. [With an Alphabetical Index to Parts I., II., III., and a Summary of Geographical Distribution of the Species mentioned.] 1868. 4s. 6rf. Part IV. Pp. 211. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1871. &s. Part V. Pp. 202. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1872. 5s. Part VI. Pp. 210. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1873. 5s. Part VII. Pp.213. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1873. &s. Part VIII. Pp.220. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1873. l