Hees Sashes i at = di ret a ; aity ’ Weta a eres on i ———— AE = y_ V4 y < Fi —— Cap) ——44} : bf A evareE) Me Thee : $$$ ah MINN WS WS “Gibson-|nvt Ai E os Ma Aan, Fe PET ods ae sae f J 114 U JUL I c“*N temas OEP a A, et CNet TER. CEM LN ELA GO + CATALOGUE OF PLANTS x FOUND IN ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. —— > Br JOHN A. PAINE, Jr. NOTE. Tris Catalogue is designed to be a record of the observations of botanists who have resided in the central part of the State. Many names are given fully; others, of the most active, of necessity are abbreviated and without titles, but are well known in this branch of science :— Prof. Cuestrer Dewey. D.D., LL.D., of Rochester; Prof. James Haptey, M.D., of Buffalo; Prerer D. Knresxern, M.D., of Shark-river. N.J.; Henry P. Sartwett, M.D., Ph.D., of Penn-Yan; Samvuen B. Braptry, M.D., of West-Greece; IrHamar B. Craws, M.D., formerly of Watertown; Professor Asa Gray, M.D., LL.D., of Cambridge, Mass.; Hon. Gzorce W. Curnton, LL.D., of Buffalo; Professor JonatHan Pearson, of Schenectady; Witiram A. Woop, M.D., formerly of Dexter; Grorce Vasey, M.D., of Ringwood, Ill. When names are given, they are authority for all localities of the sentence in which they stand, but extend to no other sentence either preceding or following. When no name is given, the reference is founded on observation by the writer. Utica, December, 1864. PHANOGAMIA. Flowering Plants. I. DICOTYLEDON &. _Dicotyledons. 1. ANGIOSPERM. ° Angiosperms. A. POLYPETALOUS EXOGENS. RANUNCULACE. Crowfoots. ATRAGENE, L. » AMERICANA, Sims. American Atragene. Shady rocks, woods and hillsides. Helderberg mountains, Pearson. Otsego county, B. D.Gilbert. Littlefalls, Herkimer county, south side of the Mo- hawk, along the cliff. Yates county, Sartwell. Frequent. May. i V f 54 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. CLEMATIS, L. Virgin’s Bower. Traveller's Foy. -VIRGINIANA, L, Virginian Clematis. Open woods occasionally, often along fences, walls; common on the banks of streams. . July ~ September. ANEMONE, L. Anemone. Wind-flower. MULTIFIDA, DC. Many-parted-leaved Anemone. On limestone rocks along the Black river at Watertown, Crawe, Gray in Rare plants of Northern N.Y. On the roclgy banks of the river at Watertown, just by the bridge of the Brownville roa, Gray. Along the river-cliffs be- tween Brownville and Dexter, Vasey. To be looked for on the Thousand Islands of the St. Lawrence, Gray. Rare. June. * CYLINDRICA, Gray. Cylindrical-headed Anemone. In dry pine barrens, near Oneida lake, New-York, Gray in Rare plants of Northern N.Y. Pine plains, one mile north of New-London; abundantly a few miles above Watertown, Knieskern. Along the north side of the Black river, between Watertown and Dexter. Rare. May, June. « VIRGINIANA, L. High Anemone. Barren hillsides, along fences, in ravines. Abundant. June - August. ePENNSYLVANICA, L. Round-headed Anemone. Flats and banks of streams. Meadows of the Mohawk. Fish creek. Shores of the lakes. Abundant. June, July. NEMOROSA, L. Wood Anemone. Rich shady woods. Schenectady, Pearson. Holland Patent, Miss J. E.John- son. Deerfield. Frankfort hill, J.G.Crocker. Fish creek. Infrequent. May. HEPATICA, Dillenius. Hepatica. Liver-leaf. *TRILOBA, Chaix. Three-lobed-leaved Hepatica. Shady woods and ravines. . Frequent. -ACUTILOBA, DC. Acute-leaved Hepatica. Rich woods. Common. March, April. THALICTRUM, Tourn. Rue. ANEMONOIDES, Micha. Rue Anemone. Open woods. Albany, herb. Bradley. Schenectady, Pearson. Common in a few localities near New-London, Knieskern. Uncommon. April-June. « Dior1cum, L. Early Rue. Diecious Rue. Rocky banks and sides of ravines. Frequent. April, May. « corNvTI, L. Meadow Rue. Discovered by Connvry. Wet meadows, low grounds and rich woods. Common. June — August. £ 78. Bury Ga 6 Ene RANUNCULUS, L. Crowfoots. Buttercups. « AQUATILIS, L., var. DIVARICATUS, Gray. Water Crowfoot. Cold streams. Schenectady, Pearson, Abundant in the raceway at Oriskany. Two miles east of Rome, along the railroad, in a spring-brook. Fish creek, Vienna, Knieskern. Gorham, Sariwell. Infrequent. June - August. . PuRSHII, Richards. Floating Buttercup. Determined by PuRSH. Still water, bogs, in mud along rivulets. “‘Hooxer, Fl. Bor. Am. a. foliis omnibus capillaceo-multifidis, flore ma- jore, caule fistuloso. In stagnant water, throughout the western and northern portions of the State : B. foliis submersis capillaceo-multifidis, natantibus reniformibus palmato- multifidis. In muddy pools near Oneida lake : PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. ~ 55 y- repens, foliis inferioribus lineari-multipartitis, superioribus reniformibus palmato-muitifidis. In marshes, Watertown, Jefferson county:” Gray in Rare plants of Northern N.Y. Brandy brook, three miles north of Verona, Knieskern. Seneca lake, Sart- well. Scarce. May- July. ALISMEPOLIUS, Geyer. Water-Plantain-leaved Crowfoot. Greater Spearwort. Overflowed banks. Western counties. Knieskern in herb. Vasey. Crooked lake, Sartwell. Rare. June — August. FLAMMULA, L. se Flame Crowfoot. Lesser Spearwort. Shore of Lake Ontario, y bot. Lake Erie, Gray tn herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. June — August. var. REPTANS, Gray. Creeping Spearwort. Sandy shores. At the water-line along the shores of the Eight lakes, north Herkimer county. Shore of Lake Ontario, Vasey. Sackett’s-harbor; mouth of Oneida creek on the Lake shore; Chenango county, Knreskern. Marshy edge of Owasco lake outlet, J. H. Hall. Uncommon. July-September. ~CYMBALARIA, Pursh. Seaszde, Cymbal-leaved Crowfoot. Salt-marshes and shores. On the-borders of Onondaga lake, about the head at Salina and along the eastern sides. Abundant there: the only habitat given by Pursh. A very singular plant, first detected by Pursm near the salt-works of Onondaga, New-York, Hooker. Local. June — September. -ABORTIVUS, L. Abortive Buttercup. Damp woods, wet places. Common. May, June. » SCELERATUS, L. - Noxious Buttercup. Ditches, muddy grounds. Mud creek west of Rome. Salina. Infrequent. May — July. * RECURVATUS, Pozret. Hook-fruted Buttercup. Shady wet woods. Frequent. May — July. * PENNSYLVANICUS, L. Brisily Buttercup. _ Brook-sides, ditches. Abundant. July - September. * FASCICULARIS, MuAl. Early, Bundle-rooted Buttercup. Dry hillsides. Gravelly banksof thé Black river below Watertown. Gorham, Sarlwell in herb. Ham. Coll, Not common. April — June. ° REPENS, L. Running Buttercup. Overflowed places, along ditches, brooks, rivers. Common. May— August. CLINTONII, Beck. Dedicated to G. W. CLINTON. “Leaves ternate, 8-cleft, hairy. hairs close-pressed; extreme upper leaflets lanceolate : stem entirely prostrate. creeping, zigzag : petals obovate, sub- retuse : calyx caducous; seed compressed, margined: beak hooked. Flowers large, resembling those of the reyens. In Oneida county, between Rome and Oriskany, near the Erie canal. patches of ground, several yards in extent, are often covered with this species. The flowers are rarely elevated more than 8 or 10 inches above the ground, though the stem creeps more than a yard from the root. I discovered this plant in the summer of 1824.” Eaton bot. ““ Somewhat hairy; stems creeping and rooting at each of the joints; lower leaves on long petioles, ternate; leaflets toothed and incised, cuneate, tere minal one petioled; floral leaves incised or linear; peduncle 1 — 3-flowered; petals rounded; calyx spreading; carpels margined, with a short uncinate style. Banks of the canal, near Rome, Oneida county, N.Y. Much smaller than R. repens, in all its parts except the flower, which is of a bright yellow and about as large as that of R. acris. Leaves seldom more than 13 inches in Jength, and about the same in breadth. Stems distinctly creeping like those of R. reptans: flowering ones 6 — 8 inches high. Style short and hooked.” Beck bot. 3 56 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. The peculiar habit of the plant carpeting the ground in patches, its prostrate flowering stems, the low flowers, beaked fruit, small thick dark green leaves, distinguish the species. Local. May - July. « BULBOSUS, L. Bulbous Buttercup. Roadsides, pastures, borders of woods. Schenectady county, abundant on the hillsides south of the Mohawk. Chenango county. Scarce. May —- July. -ACRIS, L. Yellow-weed. Acrid Buttercup. Way-sides, meadows, everywhere. Common. June - November. CALTHA, L. & Spring Cowslip. “PALUSTRIS, L. Marsh Marigold. Wet meadows and swamps. Common. April - June. TROLLIUS, ZL. American Globe-flower. paxus, Salisbury. Spreading Trollius, Frequent in arbor-vite swamps on the south range of hills, from Summit lake, Otsego county, through the cedar swamps of south Herkimer county. Bridgewater and along the Oriskany creek, below Clinton, Gray. Three miles west of Utica, near the Chenango canal, in abundance. In exposed places, the American is not inferior in size or beauty to the European Glove-tlower. It stands from two to three feet high, has dark green leaves, and bears flowers frequently two and a half inches in diameter, which. in the sun, are deep golden yellow, veined above and tinged beneath with green. A few flowers are sent up in autumn, but are ent down by the first frost; yet perfectly formed flowers and leaves lie near the surface of the ground during winter, enclosed in radical sheaths. In early spring, these appear and expand fully at the height of two or three inches. Later, the plants crowd in hemispherical clusters, which are covered with flowers : at this height, twelve to fifteen inches, these are largest and most beautiful. Others rise, until the last and highest about the middle of May, so that the plant is in bloom during a month or more. * April, May. COPTIS, Salisbury. Goldthread. “TRIFOLIA, Salisb. Three-leaved Coptis. Moist woods under evergreens. Abundant. May, June. AQUILEGIA, Tourn. * Columbine. e CANADENSIS, L. : American Columbine. Clefts of rocks, rocky hillsides, and even in sandy soil. i Common. April - October. ACONITUM, Tourn. Aconite. Monkshood. UNCINATUM, L. Hook-helmeted Monkshood. In wet places on mountains. Chenango county, Major J. LeConte, Torrey ; Cat. and Fl. N.Y. Local. July, August. ZANTHORHIZA, Marshall. ; §.-ub Yellow-root. APIUFOLIA, L’ Héritier. Celery-leaved Zanthorhiza. In a deep ravine, Sherburne, eleven miles south of Hamilton, J.S.Douglass, Torrey F1.N.Y., Gray bot. Cultivated by Prof.O. Root, in a ravine on College Hill, Clinton, where it flourishes : remains long in flower. April — June. HYDRASTIS, L. Herb Yellow-root. €ANADENSIS, L. Orange-root. Moist woods and wet meadows. Clinton, Dr, Seth Hastings. Oneida county and vicinity; Greece, Bradley. Yates county, rare, Sartwell. Abundant in open woods in Niagara county, Knicskern. Rare. April, May. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY: 57 ACTA, L. Baneberries. » SPICATA, L. . Spicate Actea. » var. RUBRA, Michauz, | Red Baneberry. Rayines, borders of thickets. Frequent. May. var. ALBA, Michauz. White Baneberry. Flats of streams, moist open woods. Abundant. May. OIMICIFUGA, L. Snakeroot. érAcemosa, Elliott. Black-rooted, Racemed Cimicifuga. Rich woods, rocky shade lsides. Helderberg mountains, Pearson. Abun- dant along the Chenango valley, especially near Binghamton, on dry gravelly hills, Knieskern. Rocky banks of Seneca lake, near Starkey, Yates county, Vasey. Greece, on the banks of Genesee river, Bradley. F Frequent. July, August. MAGNOLIACER, — . Magnolias. MAGNOLIA, L. | Magnolia. ACUMINATA, L. Cucumber-tree. Pointed-leaved Magnolia. Fertile soil. Near Ithaca, Knieskern, Vasey. Dundee, Yates county, Wright in herb. Vasey. Penn-Yan, Sartwell. Open woods in Niagara county, Knies- kern. Rare. June. LIRIODENDRON, L. ' Whitewood. Tulip-tree, *TULIPIFERA, L. Tulip-bearing Liriodendron. Sunny hillsides, rich woods. Schenectady, Pearson. Littlefalls, south side of the Mohawk; Whitesboroweh; Oriskany; frequent about Oneida lake; Onondaga ee About Auburn, J. H. Hall. Broome county, H. Lathrop. « Infrequent. June. ANONACEK., - Custard-apples. ASIMINA, Adanson. ; North-American Papaw. TRILOBA, Dunal. . Three-lobed-calyxed Asimina. Rich banks. Greece and ma, Monroe county, Bradley. Shore of Lake Erie, near Barcelona, Chautauqua county, Knieskern. Rare. April, May. MENISPERMACE. ‘ Moonseeds. MENISPERMUM, ZL. Moonseed. » CANADENSE, L, Canadian Menispermum. Woods, thickets, especially along streams. Abundant in the valley of the Soe Frequent. June. BERBERIDACE.ZE. Berberids. BERBERIS, L. Barberry. < VULGARIS, L. ’ * Common Berbers. Naturalized sparingly by roads, hedges, borders of woods. New-Hartford. May. CAULOPHYLLUM, Michauz. Blue Cohosh. Pappoose-root. * THALICTROIDES, Michz. Rue-like Caulophyllum. Woods, fences, ravine bottoms. Abundant. April, May. 58 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. JEFFERSONIA, Barton. Jeffersonia. DIPHYLLA, Persoon, Twin-leaf. Rich woods, limestone rocks. About three miles west of Dexter, Jefferson county, Vasey. Near Geneva, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. April. PODOPHYLLUM, ZL. Mandrake. May-apple. «PELTATUM, L. Peltate Podophyllum. Fences, meadows, borders of woods, flats of streams. - Abundant. May. NELUMBIACE&. \ Sacred Bean. NELUMBIUM, Jusszeu, Nelumbo. Lotus. LureuM, Willd. . Yellow Nelumbium. Lake Ontario, Big Sodus bay, Wayne county, near the road just north of the bridge, Sartwell. Local. June, July. CABOMBACEZ. ' Water-shields. BRASENTA, Schreber. Water-target. «PELTATA, Pursh, Peltate Brasenia. Still water, ponds, lakes. Abundant in the lakes of the north woods. Stag- nant ponds in Verona, Knieskern. Mill-pond two miles northwest of New- London. Lebanon, Madison county, Bradley. Schuyler’s lake, Otsego coun- ty, G. W. Clinton, Crooked Jake, Sartwell. Rare. June — September. NYMPH AACE. Water-lilies. NYMPHAA, Tourn. : Water-nymph. *ODORATA, Azton. Fragrant Water-lily. Slow streams, ponds, borders of lakes; sometimes in with erect leaves and flowers. Common in the lakes of the north woods; Oneida lake; Oneida creek; Cedar lake andHidden lake, south Herkimer county. Otsego coun- ty, H. Lathrop. , The variety with rose-colored flowers, in Raquetté lake, north Hamilton county. The variety with inodorous flowers,in an inlet of Lake Ontario, a mile or two north of Oswego : plant very laraiin all its parts; flowers, six or seven inches in diameter; leaves, eight to ten. Not common. June — September. NUPHAR, Smith. ‘ Yellow Pond-lily. Spatterdock. *ADVENA, Azton. « Stranger (to the old world) Nuphar. Ponds, pools, ditches. Very common. May- August. KALMIANA, Pursh. Small Yellow Nuphar. Discovered by Kau. Tranquil water. Sanders’s lake, Glenville, Pearson. Mouth of Oneida creek, Knieskern. Abundant in Black brook, near Oneida lake, Flint creek, Yates county, Sartwell. re. May- July. SARRACENIACE. ll Water-pitchers. SARRACENTA, Tourn. Huntsman’s-cup. Pitcher-plant. « PURPUREA, L. ° Purple-flowered Sarracenia. Swamps, especially in sphagnum. Abundant in the north woods. Schenec- tady, on the Pine plains, Pearson. Paris hill; Graefenberg hill. Oriskany swamp, Vasey. About Oneida lake. Frequent. June, July. HETBROPHYLLA, Eaton. Varying-leaved Sarracenia. Flowers greenish yellow 3 leaves variable, green, veinless. Sphagnous swamp. Junius, Seneca county, Sartwell. Local. June. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 59 PAPAVERACE A. . Poppies. CHELIDONIUM, L. j Celandine. »MAJUS, L. Great Chelidonium. About houses, walls, waysides. Common. May— September. SANGUINARIA, Dillenius. Bloodroot. a CANADENSIS, L. Canadian Sanguinaria. Along fences, open “= of ravines. Abundant. May. FUMARIACE &. Fumitories. ADLUMIA, Rajfinesque. Climbing Fumitory. -ctrRHOSA, Raf. Alleghany-vine. Tendrilled Adlumia. Moist shady places in rich wodds. Helderberg mountains, Pearson, About Otsego lake, Miss S. Cooper: H, Lathrop: B.D.Gilbert. Junius, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Greece, Parma? Bradley. Rare. June —~ September. DICENTRA, Borkhausen. Woo Dicentras. eCUCULLARIA, DC. Dutchman’s Breeches. Hooded-spurred Dicentra. Moist rich soil. p Common. April, May. eCANADENSIS, DC, Pox Squirrel-corn. Shady woods, ravine-sides. Abundant. March ~ May. Eximia, DC. : Purple, Choice Dicentra. Rocky woods. Wayne county, not far from Sodus-bay, Sariweill. Local. May — August. a coe { ; Corydalis. AUREA, Wi | Golden Corydalis. Among shaded rocks. Along the nerth side of Black river, between Water- town and Brownyille. Rich soil near Oris , Knieskern. Rare. May= July. GLAUCA, Pursh. Glaucous Corydalis. Rocks. Littlefalls, south side of the Mohawk; Bald-rock, north Herkimer county. Recently burnt-over ground near Oriskany, Knieskern. ‘Frequent. May ~ August. FUMARIA, L. » Garden Fumitory. OFFICINALIS, L. é Officinal Fumaria. A weed in gardens and cultivated grounds. Frequent. Flowers throughout the season. - CRUCIBER &. " Crucifers. NASTURTIUM, R. Brown. Cresses. Nasturtia. OF FICIN ALE, R.Br. European, Officinal Watercress. Cold streams. Springy hillside at the head of; the raceway, Oriskany. Ja- cob’s brook, Yates county, Sartwell. . Scarce. May —~— July. PALUSTRE, DC. me «* Marsh Cress. Overflowed places, ditches, muddy shores, Common. The typical form, Yates county, Sartwell.' i June — August. _ Hispipum, DC. Hispid Cress. Inundated banks of rivers. Along the Mohawk. Penn-Yan. Sartwell. Infrequent. June — August. 60 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. LACUSTRE, Gray, Lake Cress. Muddy banks, streams, lakes. In the St.Lawrence river near Ogdensburgh, Crawe. Gray in Rare plants of Northern N.Y. Jefferson county, Crawe in herd. Ham. Coll. Oneida lake, where it is very abundant in water two to five feet deep, Gray. Along the shore of Oneida creek near its mouth, growing erect twelve to cighteen inches, Rare. June — August. *ARMORACLA, Fries. Horseradish. Water-side Nasturtium. Waste places, walls, along water-courses. Frequent on the banks of the Mohawk. Extensively naturalized. May — July. DENTARIA, L. Toothworts. Pepper-roots. ° DIPHYLLA,, L. Two-leaved Dentaria. Moist woods. Common. May. MAXIMA, Nuttall. Many-leaved, Great Dentaria. Shady ravines. Western part of the State of New-York, Nuttall. Water- town, N.Y., Crewe, Gray bot. Abundant in the ravine of Deerfield creek, north of Utica, in deep moist soil. Among the headwaters of this creek on the bills, along wooded rivulets, the flowers are purple and racemes elongated. Leaves three, alternate, distant: root deeply interrupted. Rarely from the axil of the highest leaf a smaller secondary stem springs, having two leaves and a raceme. Rich bottoms of Starch-factory creek, east of Utica: the true form. On the west side, along the border of the gulf, in moist places, a form occurs between this species and D. diphylla; having denticulate rootstalks, three alternate remote leaves and white flowers. Both forms usually send up a radical leaf, beside the st€m. Rare. Early in May. e LACINIATA, MuAl. Necklace Pepper-root. Cut-leaved Dentaria. Rich shady woods. ? Frequent. April. HETEROPHYLLA, Nuttall. Variable-leaved Dentaria. Deep woods. Near Watertown, Jefferson county, Kn rn. Along bottoms of gulf-sides in Deerfield creek, and woodland ravines on the hills. Leaves two, sometimes fone oer remote, deeply divided into narrow lobes, slightly toothed. Roo niliform, frailly connected. Rare. May. CARDAMINE, L, Spring Cresses. *RHOMBOIDEA, DC, " Rhomblike-leaved Cardamine. Wet meadows and miry places in woods. Abundant. May, June. var. PURPUREA, Torr. Purple-flowered Cardamine. Low grounds along shaded streams. Frequent. April, May. *PRATENSIS, L. ;' Cuckoo-flower. Meadow Cardamine. Swamps in the western part of the State, particularly in Oneida county, Torr. Fl. N.Y. Wet meadows and bogs on the flats of the Mohawk. Oriskany swamp, Vasey. Plenty on Hidden lake, Litchfield, Herkimer county. Seneca and Gorham, Ontario county, Sartwell. ge April - June. e WIRsuTA, L, Bitter Cress. Hairy Cardamine. Rocks, hillsides, springs, ditches brooks, swamps, muddy places in woods. Very common. Throughout the season. ARABIS, I. _* Wadll-cresses. Rock-cresses.* *LyRATA, L,. » Lyrate-root-leaved Rock-cress. Clefts of rocks. Abundant on the cliffs at Littlefalls. Trenton falls, Knies- kern. Frequent. April - October. DENTATA, Torr. & Gr. Dentate-leaved Rock-cress. Banks of streams, Near Utica, Gray, Torr. Fl. N.Y. Rare. May. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 61 HIRSUTA, Scopolz. Hairy Rock-cress. Rocky banks. Helderberg mountains, Pearson. Trenton falls, Knieskern. Watertown, N.Y., Gray in herb. Ham.Coll. Along the Black river below Watertown. Bluff point, Yates county, Sariwell. Rare. May, June. L&vicaTa, DC. Smooth Rock-cress. Shaded rocks, thickets along water-courses. Schenectady, Pearson. Cliffs and steeps at Spraker’s, Montgomery county; Little falls of the Mohawk; Trenton falls; banks of Fish creek, near the crossing of the Oswego county turnpike. Vienna, Kniesi@ily. Frequent. May — July. CANADENSIS, L. Sickle-pod. Rocks, wooded hillsides. Rocks along the College brook, Schenectady, Pearson. Southern tier of counties from Binghamton westward, on dry gra- velly hillsides, rare, Knieskern. Yates county, Sartwell. Searce. June — August. TURRITIS, Dillenius. - Tower Mustard. GLABRA, L. Smooth Tower-mustard. Rocky banks, woods, fields. Watertown, N.Y., Torrey & Gray; Knieskern in herb. Ham. Coll. Along the north bank of Black river between Water- town and Brownville, among rocks. Dexter, N.Y., Wood in herb.Ham.Coll. Scarce. May, June. stricta, Graham. Straight-podded Tower-mustard. Wooded banks of streams. Dexter, N.Y., Wood in herb. Ham. Coll. Wa- tertown, Jefferson county, where it was first found by Crawe. Lebanon, Chenango county, J.S. Douglass, Torrey Fl. N.Y. Along Fish creek near Humaston’s, Rome, Vasey. Rare. May. BARBARKA, R. Brown. Winter Cress. * VULGARIS, Ry Br. Yellow Rocket. Common Winter-cress. Wet grounds, roadsides, ditches, woods. A common weed. All the season. ERYSIMUM, L. » Treacle Mustard. CHEIRANTHOIDES, L. Wallflower-like Mustard. Moist ground, along streams, clefts of rocks. Sparingly in Oriskany along the creek, Vasey. Mohawk flats. -Rocks at Chittenango falls. Penn-Yan, Sartwell. Abundant. June — September. SISYMBRIUM, L. Hedge Mustard. °OF FICIN ALE, Scopoli. Offictnal Hedge-mustard. Waste places. ’ Very common. The season throughout. SINAPIS, Tourn. True Mustard. *ARVEN SIS, L. Charlock. Wild Mustard. Waste Places, roadsides, cultivated fields. Common. June — August. ° NIGRA, L. Black Mustard. About gardens and cultivated grounds. Common. May — August. DRABA, L. Whitlow- grass. ARABISANS, Micha. Arabis-like Draba. Ledges, rocks, river-banks. Borders of small lakes in the northern part of the State, Torrey & Gray. St.Lawrence county, Gray in herb. Ham. Coll. Crevices of rocks at the mouth of Black river, Vasey. Sackett’s-harbor, Knieskern in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. May-— June. VERNA, L. Whitlow-grass. Early Drabe. Rocks, hillsides, old fields. Received from Jefferson county, Sartwell. Hackney falls, near Auburn, I. H. Hall. Rare. March —- May. 62 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. CAMELINA, Craniz. False Flax. Gold of Pleasure. SATIVA, Crantz. Cultivated Camelina. Along railroads. In flax, Knieskern. Penn-Yan, frequent, Sartwell. May - July. LEPIDIUM, L. Pepper grass. «VirGiINicum, L. Virginian Pepperwort. Streets, railroads. Common. June - August. CAPSELLA, Vent. 4 © BURSA-PASTORIS, Moench. Shepherd’ s-purse. Everywhere common. April — October. THLASPI, Déillenius. ARVENSE, L. Pennycress. Stony fields. State of New-York; rare. v.v., Pursh. Naturalized in St. Lawrence county. June, July. RAPHANUS, L. White Charlock. Wild Radish. RAPHANIST RUM, D. Jointed-podded Raphanus. Waste places on the banks of the Mohawk. Scarce. June, July. CAPPARIDACEZ. i Capers. POLANISIA, Rafinesque. Polanisia. » GRAVEOLENS, Raf. Heavy-scented Polanisia. River-banks, shores of lakes. Schenectady, Pearson. Borders of Oneida lake near Constantia, Vasey. Cayuga bridge, Bradley. Beach of Crooked lake, Sartwell. Scaree. June - August. RESEDACE &. — Mignonetts. RESEDA, L. Mignonette. LUTEOLA, UL. Dyer’s-weed. Yellow Reseda. Roadsides in Western New-York, Gray bot. Fairfield? Herkimer county, in ’ herb. Hadley. Rare. June — August. VIOLACE A. Violets. SOLEA, Ging. Green Violet. *CONCOLOR, Ging. Uniform-colored Solea. Shady woods. Near a small pond one mile east of Utica, in company with Fedia fagopyrum; near Vernon, J.S.Douglass, Knieskern. Near Penn-Yan, Sartwell. . Rare. May. #4 VIOLA, L. Violets. ROTUNDIFOLIA, Michauz. Round-leaved Violet. Rich woods, sides of ravines, shade of evergreens. Abundant. March —- May. LANCEOLATA, L. Lance-leaved Violet. Marshes, shores of streams. Albany, Beck bot. Schenectady, half a mile east of Coon Chisholm’s, Pearson. Clinton, Bradley. Rare. May, June. PRIMUL@FOLIA, L. Primrose-leaved Violet. Wet meadows. Infrequent. April - June. ®BLANDA, Willd. Pretty Violet. Wet woods, low grounds, along rivulets, Common. April - June. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 68 * SELKIRKI, Goldie. SELKIRK’s Violet. Clayey hillsides, open woodlands, pastures, about stumps and old logs, under young evergreens, and in deep mossy ravines. Abundant. Oneida county appears to be one of the favorite abodes of this rare species. It is as beautiful as V. blanda, and more interesting. In color, it is usually deep blue, sometimes purple. In form, the flowers are like those of V. pedata, with a long spur, and the leaves like those of V. blanda crenulated. It prefers the north side of hills; and sometimes occurs exceedingly minute, an inch high, leaves half as broad and smaller. The flowers are almost ephe- meral; they can be found only during four or five days in April. eCUCULLATA, Azton. Hooded-leaved Violet. Waysides, wet meadows and woods. Common. Flowers with stripes of purple and white, along the rocky steep at Spra- ker’s, Montgomery county. ‘ Flowers pure white, up the ravine of Deerfield creek, and along brooks on the Litchfield hills. May — July. «var. PALMATA, Gray. Hand-leaved Violet. Swamps. Along Tan-house creek, Schenectady, Pearson. Near Oriskany, Knieskern. Crooked lake outlet, Sartwell. Rare. May — June. , SAGITTATA, Aiton. Arrow-leaved Violet. Dry hillsides, copses, pastures. Plains of Rome. Frequent. April, May. PEDATA, L. Foot-leaved Violet. Gravelly woods, sandy plains. On the Pine plains near the Gunsaul road, Schenectady, Pearson. rare. May — September. *ROSTRATA, Pursh. Beaked-spurred Violet. Moist woods, rich flats along streams. Abundant. May, June. »MUHLENBERGII, Torrey. Determined by MUHLENBERG. Ravines and swamps. Common. April— June. *STRIATA, Azton. Veined-flowered Violet. Rich open woods. Banks of the Mohawk opposite Whitesboro Seminary. ' Oriskany, Vasey. Clark’s mills. Clinton; Franklin, Miss L. W. Shattuck. Rare. April — September. ~CANADENSIS, L. Canadian Violet. Groves and moist shady hillsides. Abundant. Completely covering the ground in many woods. Flowers throughout the season. « PUBESCENS, Aiton. Downy Yellow Violet. Open woods, ravines, pastures. Common. April — June. var. ERIOCARPA, Nuttall. Woolly-fruited Violet. Dry woodlands. Frequent. May. var. SCABRIUSCULA, Torr. & Gr. Rough-leaved Violet. Copses. Albany, Beck bot. Oneida county, Knieskern. Infrequent. May, June. CISTACE A. Rock-roses. HELIANTHEMUM, Tourn. Sun-roses. CANADENSE, Michz. Frost-plant. Rocks, sand. Everywhere in Schenectady, Pearson. Dry sandy plains near Oneida lake, Knieskern. Common on our sandy knolls, Sartwell. Infrequent. June - August. 64 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. LECHEA, L. Lecheas. MAJOR, Michaux. Greater Lechea. Sterile soil. Pine plains, Schenectady, Pearson. Yates county; Avon, Sart- well in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. ‘July. MINOR, Lamarck. Pinweed. Lesser Lechea. Dry fields and pastures. Common. June — August. DROSERACE A. ; Sundews. DROSERA, L. Sundews. e ROTUNDIFOLIA, L. Round-leaved Sundew. Around springs, wet bogs, sphagnum swamps. Frequent. July, August. LONGIFOLIA, L. Spatulate-leaved Sundew. Sphagnous bogs. Borders of cold ponds near the chain of Hight lakes, north Herkimer county; doubtless abundant throughout the north woods. Near Dexter, Jefferson county, Vasey. Cedar swamp, Gorham, Sartwell. Rare. June, July. PARNASSIACE A. Parnassias. PARNASSIA, Tourn. Grass of Parnassus. e CAROLINIANA, Miche. Carolinian Parnassia. Springy banks and along streams. In the spray from the High falls, Trenton falls; below the falls, near the lower dam, abundant. Wet cliffs on the east branch of Fish creek, at Fall brook, abundant there; along the banks of the creek below Taberg station. Infrequent. August, September. HY PERICACEA. St. John’s-worts. HYPERICUM, L. Hyperica. PYRAMIDATUM, Aiton. Pyramidal-flowered Hypericum. River bottoms. Frequent in the valley of the Mohawk. Schenectady, Pear- son. Littlefalls, Vasey. Two miles above Utica, on the north bank of the river. Near Flint-hill, between the canal and the Mohawk; along Fish creek near Taberg, Knieskern. Rare. July, August. ePERFORATUM, lL. Perforated Hypericum. Roadsides, fields, pastures. Everywhere common. June —- September. eCORYMBOSUM, MuAl. Corymbed Hypericum. Borders of woods, swamps. Frequent. June — August. ELLIPTICUM, Hooker. Elliptical-leaved Hypericum. Low grounds, wet shady banks of streams and lakes in the northern part of Herkimer county. Infrequent. July, August. eMUTILUM, L. Diminutive-flowered Hypericum. Wet ground. Common. July — September. CANADENSE, L. Canadian Hypericum. Along streams, swamps. Trenton falls. North woods. Uncommon. June — September. ELODEA, Pursh. Marsh St.John’s-wort. ~ viraInica, Nuttall. Purple Elodea. Along brooks, swamps, sphagnum. Common. July —- September. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 65 ELATINACE ZA. Water-worts. ELATINE, ZL. Water-wort. AMERICANA, Arnott. American Water-wort. Muddy banks of streams. Albany, Beck. Rare. July — September. CARYOPHYLLACEA. Pinks. SAPONARIA, L. Soap-wort. * OFFICINALIS, L. Officenal Saponaria. Dooryards, roadsides, railroads. Common. July — October. SILENE, L. Catchfly. Campion. STELLATA, Azton. Starry Campion. Stellate-leaved Szlene. Wooded hillsides. Near Sleepy-hollow, Tarrytown; and abundantly on the mountain-side above Nyack, J. H. Hall. Near Oriskany, Knieskern. Fre- quent on the banks of Crooked lake, Sartwell. Rare. July — September. INFLATA, Smith. Bladder Campion. Inflated-calyxed Silene. Dry gravelly soil. Verona, not common, Knieskern. Rare. July, August. PENNSYLVANICA, Michz. Wild Pink. Rocky soil. Cliffs near Tarrytown, J. H. Hall. Amenia, Dutchess county, Dow. Schenectady, Pearson. Rare. May- July. VIRGINICA, L. Fire Pink. Open woods. Yates county, Sertwell. Rare. June, July. ARMERTIA, L. Sweet-william Catchfly. Escapes occasionally, sometimes troublesome, D. S. Heffron. July — September. ANTIRRHINA, L, Snapdragon Catchfly. Roadsides, barren soil. Banks of Black river. Frequent. June— September. '* NOCTIFLOR.A, L. Night-flowering Catchfly. Borders of woods, fences, cultivated fields. Common. June — September. LYCHNIS, Tourn. *Diecious Pink. VESPERTINA, Sibthorpe. White Campion. Evening-opening Lychnis. Hedges, waste places. Hlmira, Chemung county, Gray add. bot. Rare. June — September. AGROSTEMMA, L. Cockle. Crown of the Field. , GITHAGO, L. Black-seeded Agrostemma. Grain-fields and their borders. Common. June, July. ALSINE, Wahl. Grove Sandwort. MICHAUXII, Fenzl. Discovered by MicHAvUx. Dry rocky hills and banks. Thousand Islands of the St.Lawrence. Abundant along the Black river, from Lewis county to the lake. On sandy knolls two miles above Utica, on the north side of the Mohawk, Miss J. E. Johnson. Rare. May - July. ARENARIA, L. Sandwort. SERPYLLIFOLIA, L. , Thyme-leaved Sandwort. Rocky banks, barren soil. ledges, sandy plains. Abundant. May - August. [ Senate No, 90.] 5 66 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. M@HRINGIA, L. Mehringia. LATERIFLORA, L. Side-flowering Mehringia. Along rivulets, shady wet woods. Scheneetady, Pearson. Near Sackett’s- harbor, not far from the lake shore; sandy woods near Oneida lake, Knies- kern. Along the Black river and on the banks of the Mohawk, a very small form occurs in exposed stations. Infrequent. May, June. STELLARIA, L. Starworts. * MEDIA, Smith. Intermediate-leaved Stellaria. Waste places. A common weed. April — November. LONGIFOLIA, Muhl. Long-leaved Stellaria. Brook-sides and meadows. Common. June — August. LONGIPES, Goldie. Long-pedicelled Stellaria. Barren rocky ground near Dexter, Jefferson county, Vasey. Dexter, N.Y., Wood tn herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. June, July. BOREALIS, Bigebow. Northern Stellaria. Wet meadows, grassy swamps. Oriskany; Whitestown; Rome. Infrequent. June — August. CERASTIUM, L. Mouse-ear Chickweed. « VULGATUM, L. Common Chickweed. Pastures, stony ground. May — October. VISCOSUM, L. Clammy Chickweed. Meadows, fields, walls. April - July. “NUTANS, Rajinesque. Nodding-fruited Chickweed. Cold springs and rivulets. Below Watertown, along the Black river. Rare. May —- July. ARVENSE, L. Cornfield Chickweed. Rocky ground, cultivated fields. Helderberg mountains, Pearson. Infrequent. May - August. SAGINA, L. Pearlwort. PROCUMBENS, L. Procumbent Sagina. Wet sandy banks and shores. Rare. June — August. SPERGULA, L, Spurrey. ARVENSIS, L. Grain-field Spergula. Along railroads, roadsides, fields. Among flax, Knieskern. Frequent. June — September. ANYCHIA, Miche. Forked Chickweed. picnotoma, Miche. Dichotomous-stemmed Anychia. Dry hillsides. Schenectady, Pearson. Pine plains of Rome, Vasey. Frequent in Yates county, Sartwell. Uncommon. June — August. SCLERANTHUS, L. Knawel. ANNUUS, L. Annual Scleranthus. Damp sandy or gravelly places. Pine plains of Schenectady, Pearson. Waste places in Oneida county, Knieskern. Scarce. May - August. MOLLUGO, L. Indian Chickweed. VERTICILLATA, L. Carpet-weed. Whorled-leaved Mollugo. Roadsides, shores. Sandy shore of Onelda lake. Rare. June - September. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 67 PORTULACACE.A. Purslanes. PORTULACA, Tourn. Purslane. e OLERACEA, L. Garden Portulaca, Waste places; a weed in cultivated grounds. June - August. CLAYTON IA, L. Spring-beauties. -vireinica, L, Linear-leaved Clatonia. Rich river bottoms. Along the Mohawk below Utica; abundant opposite Whitesboro. Fish creek, Knéeskern. Rare. May. * CAROLINIANA, Michz. Broad-leaved Clatonia. Everywhere in woods, groves, copses, swamps. Common. March, April. MALVACEA. Mallows. MALVA, L. an True Mallows. e ROTUNDIFOLIA, L. Round-leaved Mallow. Dooryards, streets, waste places. Common. May — September. « SYLVESTRIS, L. Woodland Mailow. Borders of woods and roadsides remote from gardens. Everywhere scattered and abundant. May — September. * MOSCHATA, L. Musk-scented Mallow. Way-sides; well established as the former, and often with it. Abundant in many places. - May — August. ABUTILON, Tourn. Velvet-leaf. Indian Mallow. *AVICENN E, Gertner. Dedicated to AVICENNA. Gardens, roadsides, waste-places. Frequent. July — September. HIBISCUS, L Mallow-rose. *moscHEuTos, L. Musk Hibiscus. Marshes, both of salt and of fresh-water. Plentifully in the marshes around the Salt lake, Onondaga, New-York, Pursh. Abundant in the marshes along the outlet of ‘Cayuga lake. Around Irondequoit bay, Monroe county, C. M. Booth. Rare. July— October. TILIACKA. Lindens. TILIA, L, Linden-trees. ‘AMERICANA, L, * Basswood. Rich woods. Common. June, July. LINACE.A. Flazes LINUM, ZL. Flax. VIRGINIANUM, L. Wild Yellow Flax, Dry hills. Tarrytown in open rocky woods, I. H. Hail. Schenectady county, £.W. Paige. Yates county, Sartwell. Roadsides in the southern tier of counties, Knieskern. Rare. June ~ August. * USITATISSIMUM, L. Cultivated, Useful Flax. Borders of fields, waysides. Abundant all torte. on the Central railroad. June — August. 68 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. OXALIDACE A. Sorrels. OXALIS, L. Wood-sorrel. eACETOSELLA, L. American Wood-sorrel. Moist rich woods. Most abundant on the hills. Common. May — August, VIOLACEA, L. Violet-colored-flowered Wood-sorrel. Shaded rocks and rich woods. Charlton near Schenectady, Pearson. Vicinity of Oriskany, Vasey. Rare. April - August. . sTRICTA, L. Upright Yellow Sorrel. Along roads, walls, streams. Common. May — September. GERANIACEA. Gerania. GERANIUM, L. Wild Geraniums. « MACULATUM, L. Crane’s-bill, Spotted-leaved Geranium. Moist woods, meadows. Abundant. May - July. CAROLINIANUM, L. Field Geranium. Rocky barren soil, waste grounds. Schenectady, Pearson. Littlefalls, south side of the Mohawk, on the rocks. About Dexter factories, Oriskany, Knies- kern. High dry banks along the Black river below Watertown. Frequent in Yates county, Sartwell. Uncommon. May - July. PUSILLUM, L. Small-flowered Geranium. Grayelly or sandy soil. Waste-places in Clinton. Roadsides a few miles east of Constantia, north shore of Oneida lake, Vasey. Gorham, Sartwell. Infrequent. May — September. e ROBERTIANUM, L. Herb Robert. Shady woods, rocky sides of ravines: Common. May — November. ERODIUM, L’ Héritier. Heron’ s-bill. CICUTARIUM, L’Heéritier. Water Hemlock-leaved Erodium. Naturalized about Dexter factory, Oriskany, Knieskern, On the island op- posite Constantia; along the north shore of Oneida lake near Constantia, Vasey. Rare. June — August. BALSAMINACEA. Balsams. IMPATIENS, L. Touch-me-not. Jewel-weeds. *PALLIDA, Nuttall. Pale-flowered Impatiens. Rich moist woods and ravines; forming thickets. Abundant. June — Sept. , FuLvA, Nuttall. Fulvous-flowered Impatiens. Wet shady woods, along streams. Common. June — August. LIMNANTHACE &. Limnanths. FLOIRKEA, Willd. False Mermaid. * PROSERPINACOIDES, Willd. Mermaid-weed-like Flerkea. Low river-banks. Abundant in wet woods on the flats of the Mohawk, three miles below Utica. Banks of Unadilla river, Gray. Auburn, this plant grows in the wet part of the wood, where my Carex grows, J. Carey in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. May, June. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 69 RUTACEA. Rues. ZANTHOXYLUM, Golden. Prickly Ash. «AMERICANUM, Miller. Toothache Tree. Water-courses, shores, low rich woodlands. Mohawk river. Along Wood creek, and in neighboring swampy woods. Black river. Abundant about the lakes of the north woods. Otsego county, H. Lathrop. ; Frequent. March, April. ANACARDIACEA. Cashews. RHUS, L. Sumachs. . TYPHINA, L. Staghorn, Fever Sumach. Rocky woods, copses, hillsides. Frequent. June. . GLABRA, L. Scarlet, Smooth Sumach. Barren grounds, rocks. Common. July. ; COPALLINA, L. Mountain, Copal-like Sumach. Rocks and dry localities. Otsego county, B. D. Gilbert. Pine plains and near Oneida lake, Knieskern. Infrequent. July, August. e VENENATA, DC. Poison Sumach. Swamps, open woods, water-sides. Rotterdam, Pearson. Otsego county, H. Lathrop. Oriskany swamp, Knieskern. Yates county, Sartwell. Rare. June. * RADICANS, L. Climbing Poison Ivy. Ascending trees, covering walls, fences. Common. June. TOXICODENDRON, LL. Tree-like Poison Ivy. = Borders of woods, river-banks, waysides. Common. July. AROMATICA, Aiton. ; Fragrant Sumach. Barren rocky grounds. Banks of the Black river below Watertown. In the southern tier of counties, from Binghamton westward, Knieskern. Abundant on the banks of Crooked lake, Sartwell. Infrequent. April, May. VITACH A. | ay ; Vines. WEIS. +6: | Grape-vines. LABRUSCA, L. Wild Grape. Woods, thickets, banks of streams. Frequent. May. ASTIVALIS, Michauz. Summer Grape. Woods, high on trees, river banks. Frequent. May. ¢cornpiroLia, Mich. Frost, Heart-leaved Grape. Fence-thickets, borders of woods, brows. of ravines, water-courses. Common. Juee. AMPELOPSIS, Michauz. Ivy. False Woodbine. e QUINQUEFOLIA, Michz. _ Five-leaved Ampelopsis. Moist woods, copses, walls. Common. June. July. RHAMNACEA. Buckthorns. RHAMNUS, Tourn. Common Buckthorn. CATHARTICUS, L. Purging Buckthorn. Highlands of the Hudson, Barratt in herb. Ham. Coll. Common in hedges. May, June. 70 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. eALNIFOLIUS, L’ Héritier. Adder-leaved Buckthorn. Cold swamps. Summit lake, Otsego county. Abundant in the high marshes of Litchfield, State swamp and on Hidden lake. Formerly in the Oriskany swamp, Vasey. Frequent in the marshes of the northern part of the county, and the north woods. Yates county, Sariwell. Bergen swamp, northwestern Genesee county. Uncommon. June. CEANOTHUS, L. Red-root. “AMERICANUS, L. New-Jersey Tea. American Ceanothus. Dry open woods. Schenectady. Alexandria bay. Western counties, Knies- kern. Frequent. July — August. ovALis, Bigelow. Long-leaved Ceanothus. Rocky shores. Clefts of rocks on the banks of Black river, opposite Water- town, Jefferson county; along the river between Watertown and Dexter. Rare. May, June. CELASTRACE A. Staff -trees. CELASTRUS, L. Bittersweet. Waz-work. » SCANDENS, L. Climbing Celastrus. Woodlands, thickets, streams. Common. June. EUONYMUS, Tourn. Waahoo. Burning-bush. ATROPURPUREDS, Jacq. Dark-purple-flowered Euonymus. Thickets. Oneida county, H. Lathrop. Greece, Monroe county, Bradley. Rare. June. AMERICANUS, L. Strawberry-bush. American Euonymus. Woods, streams. Western part of the State, Torrey Fl. Western counties, Knieskern. Genesee river, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. June. SAPINDACE Ai. Soapberries. STAPHYLEA, L. Bladder-pod. e TRIFOLIA, L. Three-leaved Staphylea. Copses, thickets, river-banks. Common along the Mohawk. Frequent. May, June. ACER, Tourn. : Maples. « PENNSYLVANICUM, L. Striped Maple. Moist woodlands, ravines. Abundant. May. asprcatuM, Lamarck. Spiked-flowered Maple. Thickets, steep rocky banks. Abundant. June. . SACCHARINUM, L. . Hard, Sugar Maple. Woods. Common. May. * var. NIGRUM, Gray. Black Maple. Hilly woods. Occasional. Often as a shade tree. May. » DASYcARPUM, Ehrhart. White, Silver Maple. Along streams. Banks of the Mohawk river throughout its length. The most common shade tree in the streets of cities, villages. Infrequent. April. éruBRuM, L. Red Maple. Swamps. Common. March, April. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 71 POLYGALACEA. | Milkworts. POLYGALA, Tourn. : Milkworts. Polygalas. SANGUINEA, L. Crimson Polygala. Damp meadows. Fairfield, Herkimer county, in hérb. Hadley. Southern counties, Knieskern. Greece, Monroe county, Bradley. Rare. August, September. eVERTICILLATA, L, Whorled-leaved Polygala. Dry hillsides. Frequent. June — September. e SENEGA, L. Seneca Snakeroot. Rocks and dry woods. Schenectady. Pearson. On the sides of Black river below Watertown. Genesee valley, Greece, Bradley. Penn-Yan, Sartwell. Rare. June, July. POLYGAMA, Walter. . Polygamous Polygala. Barrens, sandy woods. Pine plains west of Rome, Vasey. One mile north of New-London, Knieskern. Oneida lake, Gray. Rare. July, August. * PAUCIFOLIA, Willd. Gay-wings. Fringed Milkwort. Few-leaved Polygala. Abundant at Cooperstown, in low meadows and borders of woods, Miss S. Cooper. Schoharie county, rare, Knieskern Pine plains of Rome, Vasey. Hyvyergreen woods on the banks of Black river below Watertown. With white flowers, at Schenectady, Pearson ; and Otsego county, Mrs. J. Shaw. Uncommon. May, June. LEGUMINOS#. Legumes. LUPINUS, Tourn. Wild Lupine. « PERENNIS, L. Perennial Lupine. Sandy banks, pine woods. Plains of Schenectady, Pearson. Pine plains of Rome and Oneida lake, abundant. Near Owasco lake, I. H. Hall. Infrequent. June. CROTALARIA, L. Rattleboz. SAGITTALIS, L. Ae Arrow-leaved Crotalaria. Rocks, sand. Rocks, Kingsbridge, N.Y., Carey in herb. Ham. Coll. Troy, Beck in herb. Rare. June, July. TRIFOLIUM, L. Clovers. Trifolia. ARVENSE, L. - -Hare’s-foot Trefoil. Field Clover. Dry or gravelly soil. Schenectady. Pearson. Along the Central railroad. Dry borders of Oneida lake, Knieskern. Uncommon. July — September. sPRATENSE, L. Red, Meadow Clover. Roadsides and fields. Naturalized and cultivated. Common. May —October. REFLEXUM, L. Reflexed-flowered Clover. Open woods. In the neighborhood of Utica, Knieskern. Near Salina lake, Sartwell, Torrey Fl. N.Y. Rare. June, July. seepens, L. White, Creeping Clover. Waysides, pastures, deep woods. Everywhere common. May — October. AGRARIUM, L. Yellow, Agrarian Clover. Sandy fields, gravelly banks. Schenectady, Pearson. Along the Central rail- , road. Hillsides opposite Utica. Shore of Lake Ontario at Sackett’s-harbor, Knieskern, Torrey Fl. Abundant in the cleared swamp west of Fort Bull, Rome. Frequent. July — September. Nig’ Agha Aj b> taLAAa é 72 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. «PROCUMBENS, L. Hop, Procumbent Clover. Hillsides. Tarrytown, frequent; also along the Central railroad at Skanea- teles lake outlet, J. H. Hall. Scarce. August. MELILOTUS, Tourn. Sweet Clover. e OFFICINALIS, Willd. Yellow, Officinal Melilot. River-banks and roadsides. Not infrequent throughout the valley of the Mohawk. Troy. Schenectady, Pearson. Fort-Plain, B. D. Gilbert. Little- falls; Utica; Deerfield. Uncommon. July —- September. & ALBA, Lamarck. White-flowered Melilot. Roadsides and railroads. Utica. Syracuse. Auburn, Hall. Frequent. July — October. MEDICAGO, L. Nonesuch. Black Medick. 4 LUPULINA, L. Hop-like Medicago. Waste places, streets, railroads. Common. May - November. MACULATA, Willd. Spotted-leaved Medicago. Barren grounds. About the Dexter factories, Oriskany, introduced among wool, Vasey. Scarce. June — September. AMORPHA, L. False Indigo. FRUTICOSA, L Shrubby Amorpha. var. LEWISII. Collected by Lewis. Gravelly banks, along the Hudson river railroad, Tarrytown, well established, I. H. Hall. June, July. ROBINIA, ZL. Locusts. PSEUDACACIA, L. False-acacia Robinia. A common shade tree. Banks of the Hudson near Troy, Beck in herb. Ex- tensively cultivated along the Central railroad, between Utica and Schenec- tady, for timber. May, June. TEPHROSIA, Pers. Hoary Pea. VIRGINIANA, Persoon. Virginian Tephrosia. Sterile hills and sandy woods. Schenectady plains, Pearson. Fairfield, Her- kimer county, in herb. Beck. Junius, Seneca county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Greece, Monroe county, Bradley. Rare. June — August. ASTRAGALUS, L. Milk-vetch. CANADENSIS, L. Canadian Astragalus. Banks and shores. Along the east side of Onondaga lake. Seneca lake, Sart- well in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. June, July. COOPERI, Gray. Discovered by W1LLIAM CooPER. Gravelly sides of lakes. Slopes along Onondaga lake between Salina and Liverpool. Rare. July, August. DESMODIUM, DC. Tick-trefoils. Desmodia. *NUDIFLORUM, DC. Naked-flower-stemmed Desmodium. Open woods, along streams. Schenectady, Pearson. Valley of the Mohawk. Frequent. July — August. *ACUMINATUM, DC. Acuminate-leafleted Desmodium. Rich moist woods, bottoms of ravines. Common, August. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 73 ROTUNDIFOLIUM, DC. Round-leafleted Desmodium. Dry rocks and sand. Pine plains of Rome, Knieskern. Woods north of Au- burn, Hall. Junius, Sertwell in herb. Oak openings of Greece, Bradley. CANESCENS, DC. Canescent Desmodium. Damp woods, thickets. Schenectady, Pearson. Seneca lake, Beck in herb. Gorham, Ontario county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. July, August. cusPipatumM, Torr. §& Gr. Cuspidate-bracted Desmodium. Shaded streams. Fort Hill Cemetery, Auburn, in a deep rich glen, J. H. Hall. Schenectady, Beck in herb. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham.Coil. Rare. August. VIRIDIFLORUM, Beck. Green-flowered Desmodium. Sandy woods, copses. Cemetery of the old Dutch Church and along the river, Tarrytown, Hall. Plains of Schenectady, Pearson. Herkimer county, Beck in herb. Seneca lake. Sartwell. Rare. July — September. DILLENII, Darlington. DILuENtus’s Desmodium. Copses, dry woods and fields. Tarrytown, J. H. Hall. Penn-Yan, Yates county. Sartwell. i Searce. July, August. »PANICULATUM, DC. Panicled Desmodium. Open woodlands, borders of thickets. Dexter, Jefferson county, Vasey. Frequent. August. CANADENSE, DC. Canadian Desmodium. Dry woodlands. Otsego county, H. Lathrop. Near Oriskany, Knieskern. Auburn and Elbridge, Hail. Frequent. August. CILIARE, DC. Fringed Desmodium. Sands. Pine plains of Rome, Knieskern. Yates county, Sartwell. Uncommon. July, August. MARILANDIcUM, Boott. _ Maryland Desmodium. Sandy fields, borders of thickets. Schenectady plains, Pearson. Southern counties, P. D. K, in herb. Ham. Coll. Yates county, Sartwell. Infrequent. August. LESPEDEZA, Michz. Bush Clovers. PROCUMBENS, Michz. Reclining Lespedeza. Dry sandy woods and open fields. Tarrytown, I. H. Hall. Pine plains of Schenectady, E. W. Paige. Yates county, Sartwell. Rare. August. REPENS, Torr. § Gr. Prostrate Lespedeza. Common in sandy soil about Tarrytown, not always in dry places, 1.H Hall. Rare. June — August. VIOLACEA, Persoon. Violet-flowered Lespedeza. Gravelly banks, thickets. Alexandria bay. Penn-Yan, Yates county, Sart- well. var. DIVERGENS, Torr. § Gr. Loose-flowering Lespedeza. Junius, Seneca couuty, Sartwell in herb. Ham.Coll. var. SESSILIFLoRA, Torr.g- Gr. Close-flowering Lespedeza. Schenectady, Pearson. var. ANGUSTIFOLIA, Torr. § Gr. Narrow-leaved Lespedeza. Near the Aqueduct, Schenectady, Pearson. Frequent. July — Sept«mber. STUVEI, Nuttall. Discovered by W. STUVE. Sandy woods east of Tarrytown, not common, J. H. Hall. Rare. Avgust. 5* [ Senate No. 90.] 74 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. HiIrTA, Elliott. Hairy Lespedeza. Rocks and woods near the river. Tarrytown, Hall. Schenectady, Pearson. Alexandria bay. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Infrequent. August, September. CAPITATA, Michz. Capitate-flowering Lespedeza. Hillsides. borders of woods. Tarrytown, I. H Hall. Albany, Beck in herb. Plains of Schenectady, Pearson. Pine barrens of Rome, Vasey. Alexandria bay, Jefferson county. Abundant. August, September. VICIA, Tourn. Tares. Vetches. © SATIVA, L. Cultivated Vetch. Borders of fields, along ditches. Common through the valley of the Mohawk. June, July. TETRASPERMA, L. Four-seeded Vetch. Banks of the Hudson in the shade, Tarrytown, Hall. Albany, Beck in herb. Rare. June — August. soracca, L. Cracca Vetch. Plains of Schenectady, Pearson. Sandy fields on Paris hill. Between Oris- kany and Rome, along the Central railroad. Rare. June — September. CAROLINIANA, Walter. Carolina Vetch. Brooksides along the Mohawk. Below Utica. Yates county, Sartwell. AMERICANA, Muhl. American Vetch. Shady places along streams. Seneca lake, Gray. Penn-Yan, Sartwell. Greece, Bradley. Scarce. June. LATHYRUS, L. Vetchling. MARITIMUS, Bigelow. Beach Pea. Seaside Lathyrus. Sandy shores of Oneida lake, Knieskern. Shore of Lake Ontario, Gray. Rare. June, July. ocHROLEUCUS, Hooker. Cream-colored-flowered Lathyrus. Shaded banks. Watertown, Jefferson county, Crawe; Gorham, Ontario county, Sartwell; Gray in Rare plants of Northern N.Y. Monroe county, C.M. Booth. Rare. June, July. PALUsTRIS, L. s Marsh Lathyrus. Borders of marshes, rivers, lakes. Banks of the Mohawk; and of the St. Lawrence at Alexandria bay. Genesee river below Rochester, Sartwell. Searce. July — September. var. MYRTIFOLIUS, Gray. Myrtle-leaved Lathyrus. Shores. Northern N.Y., Gray in New and Rare plants. Seneca lake, Sart- well in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. July, August. PHASEOLUS, L. Kidney Bean. PERENNIS, Walter. © Perennial Phaseolus. Hillsides. Tarrytown, Hall. Yates county, Sartwell. Rare. July, August. APIOS, Boerhaave. Glycine. Ground-nut. © TUBEROSA, Mench, Tuberous Aptos. Thickets near water. West of Schenectady, Pearson. West bank of Otsego lake, Miss S. Cooper. Banks of the Mohawk river. Oriskany swamp, Knies- kern. Alexandria bay, Jefferson county. Abundant on Owasco lake outlet, I. H.Hall. Greece, Monroe county, Bradley. Frequent. July — Septeiuber. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 79 AMPHICARP AA, Elliott. Ground Peanut. emonoica, Nuttall. Monecious Amphicarpea. Damp thickets, rich wet woods. Common. July — Octeber. BAPTISIA, Ventenat. Wild Indigo. TINCTORIA, R, Brown. Dyeing Baptisia. Dry woods and sandy soil. Between Schenectady and Amsterdam. Pearson. Saratoga county, ZL. Collins. Junius, Seneca county. Sartwedl in herb. Ham. Coll. Greece, Monroe county, Bradley. Vicinity of Rochester, C.M.Booth. Searee. June — August. CASSIA, L. Wild Senna. MARILANDIOA, L. Maryland Cassia. Rich moist banks. Abundant about Ballston lake, Pearson. Chenango val- ley, Knieskern. Uncommon. July, August. CHAMA@cRISTA, L. Dwarf, Ground-iouching Cassa. Sandy hills and grounds. Albany, Beck in herb. Whitesboro, Dr Gates in herb. Beck. Often introduced into gardens. July — October. NICTITANS, L. Sensztive-plant. Closing Cassza. Banks of gravel or sand. Common at Tarrytown, J. H. Hall. From the North river, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Troy, Beck in herb. Rare. July — September. GYMNOCLADUS, Lamarck. Coffee-tree. CANADENSIS, Lam. Canadian Gymnocladus. Rich bettoms along streams and shores Near Cayuga lake, T'hompson in Torrey Fl. N.Y. Ithaca, in herb. Van Duzee. Seneca lake, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. May, June. ROSACEA. | Roses. PRUNUS, L. Plums. Cherries. AMERICANA, Marshall. . Wild Plum. Thickets on river-banks, along fences. Commen over the flats of the Mo- hawk. April. _» SPINOSA, L. Thorny Plum. Roadsides and old fields. ; Frequent. April. DOMESTIC, L. Garden Plum. Common in the northern part of the county, spontaneous on edges of gar- dens, dooryards, and forming thickets along fences. ; May. PUMILA, L. Dwarf Cherry. Sterile rocks and sand. On the plains of Schenectady, Pearson. Clefts of rocks by the side of Black river opposite Watertown, Jefferson county. Rare. April, and early in May. “PENNSYLVANICA, L. Bird, Red Cherry. Abundant in clearings and ground recently burned over. Common in the fields of the north woods reverting to wilderness. The worthless successor of the noble Spruce and valuable Pine. There is, however, only one generation : after a few years, having attained the height of about thirty feet, they die and fall, to be replaced by the hard woods. May. “ VIRGINIANA, L. Calinet, Choke Cherry. Borders of woods, thickets, river-banks. Common. June. 76 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. eSEROTINA, Ehrhart. Black, Late Cherry. Woods, fences and water-courses. Formerly abundant, now searce. June. VULGARIS, Miller. Common, Sour Cherry. Frequent beside gardens, walls, roadsides. April. SPIRAMA, L. Meadowsweet. OPULIFOLTIA, L. Opulus-leaved Spirea. Rocky woods and water-sides. Albany, Beck in herb. Banks of Norman’s kill, Schenectady county E. W. Paige. Otsego county, H. Lathrop. Ithaca, Tompkins county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll.Rare. June, July. rSALICIFOLIA, L. Willow-leaved Spirea. Swamps, meadows, banks of brooks. Common throughout the valley of the Mohawk. Borders of lakes, along streams and in beaver meadows of the north woods. Alexandria bay on the St.Lawrence. Frequent. July — Sept. TOMENTOSA, L. Hardhack. Tomentose Spirea. Sterile soils, pastures. Schenectady. Pearson. Saratoga county, L. Collins. Otsego county, H. Lathrop. Low grounds in the northern part of the State. Scarce. July -September. GILLENIA, Mench. Indian Physic. TRIFOLIATA, Mench. Trifoliate Gillenia. Rich open woods and thickets. Bridgewater, Gray in herb. Beck. Near Waterville Miss J E. Johnson. Sides of the Oriskany valley from Clinton southward, Dr. John A. Paine. Banks of Seneca lake, Vasey. Rare. June. AGRIMONIA, Tourn. Common Agrimony. eEUPATORIA, L. The Ancient Eupatorion. Waysides, ravine-bottoms. Common. June — September. SANGUISORBA, JL. Burnet. CANADENSIS, L. Canadian Sanguisorba. Wet rocks, low meadows, swamps. Wet flats of the Mohawk between Utica and Frankfort. Cedar swamp, Oriskany, Knieskern. Above Trenton falls towards Prospect, rocks near the creek. Deep cedar swamp on Paris hill. Borders of Hidden lake, Litchfield. Fish creek. Victor, Ontario county, Bradley. Searce. July — October. GEUM, L. Avens. Geum. ALBUM, Gmelin. White-flowered Avens. Damp woods and their borders. Abundant. June - August. VIRGINIANUM, L. Virginian Avens. Common in swamps on the flats of the Mohawk, especially in the damp cleared grounds; also in the thickets along the river-banks. Rare elsewhere. June, July. STRICTUM, AiZton. Yellow, Upright Avens. Swamps, woods, low pastures, fences. Common. June — August. *RIVALE, L. Nodding, Purple, Rivulet Avens. Cedar swamps and wet meadows. Common. May —- July. TRIFLORUM, Pursh. Three-flowered Avens. On rocks, Watertown, Jefferson county; very rare, Crawe, Torrey FI.N.Y. May, June. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. gr WALDSTEINIA, Willd. Barren Strawberry. *FRAGARIOIDES, Trattinick. Strawberry-like Waldsteinia. Dry woods under the shade of hemlocks or arbor vitz, hillsides of streams, sometimes in swamps. Frequent. May — August. POTENTILLA, L. Cinquefoils. » NoRVEGICA, L. Norwegian Potentilla. Roadsides, fields, pastures. Common. June — August. »~ CANADENSIS, L. Canadian Potentilla. Sandy wastes. Common at Schenectady, Pearson. Pine plains, Rome, and sandy fields near the head of Oneida lake, Knieskern. Frequent. May — September. var. PUMILA, Torr. §& Gr. Dwarf Potentilla. Old pastures. Common. April - June. var. SIMPLEX, Torr. g Gr. Simple-stemmed Potentilla. Copses and clearings. Abundant. May — August. sARGENTEA, L. Selvery Potentilla. Chiefly on rocks and gravelly banks. Schenectady. Littlefalls. Below Wa- tertown. About Oneida lake. Frequent. May — September. » ARGUTA, Pursh. ; Sharp-serrated-leaved Potentilla. Open rocky hills, Tarrytown, I. H. Hall. Sides of Wolf hollow, Schenectady county, E. W. Paige. Rare. June — August. a ANSERINA, L. Szlverweed. Goose Potentilla. Shores of rivers and lakes. Near Sanders’s lake, Pearson. Borders of Otsego lake, B. D. Gilbert. Common all round Onondaga lake. Crooked lake, Sart- . well. Rare. June — November. aFRUTICOSA, L. Shrubby Potentzlla. Cold swamps. Summit lake, on the hill-top between Fort-Plain and Coo- perstown, source of the Susquehanna, where it covers acres of open marsh land. Abundant on the cliffs of Fish creek from Taberg, northward; espe- cially near Fall brook, hanging from the clefts of the rocks as far and as high as the eye can reach. It has been found also at Junius, Seneca county, by Sartwell ; at Greece, Monroe county. by Bradley ; at Bergen, Genesee county, by G} T. Fish; and at Avon, Livingston county, by G. W. Clinton. : Rare. Jtme — August. PALUSTRIS, Scopolz. Marsh Potentilla. Cold marshes. Summit lake, Otsego county. Hidden lake, Litchfield. Swamp west of Fort Bull, Rome. Abundant in the streams and low lands at the head of Oneida lake. Common on the marshes in the northern part of the county, and about the lakes of the north woods. Rare. May — September. FRAGARIA, Tourn. Strawberries. * VIRGINIANA, Ehrhart. Wild Strawberry. Woods, pastures, meadows. Everywhere. April — October. svesca, L. . Alpine, Edible Strawberry. Rocks, around old stumps and logs, evergreen woods. Common. May. A variety with different leaves and bearing white fruit, occurs rarely in the north woods. Trenton falls, borders of the wood south of Moore’s Hotel, William Calverly. Also Delaware county, B. D. Gilbert. June. DALIBARDA, L. Dewdrop. False Violet. + REPENS, L. Creeping Dalibarda. Moist banks, evergreen woods and swamps. Common. May - August. 78 RUBUS, L. EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. eoporAtus, L. Brambles. Raspberries. Blackberries. Cliffs, steep banks and ravine sides. Rose-flowering, Fragrant Raspberry. Common. June — September. TRIFLORUS, Richardson. Dwarf, Three-flowered Raspberry- Damp shaded woods and swamps. Common. A form with pink-colored flowers grows on the cliffs of Fish creek, where the rocks are constantly wet. « stRicosus, Micha. June. Red, Strigose Raspberry. Roadsides, fences, borders of woods. Common on clearings. May — July. POCCIDENTALIS, L. Black, Western Raspberry. Waysides, walls, thickets. Common. May, June. rVILLOSUS, AZzion. High, Villous Blackberry. Open woods and cleared land. Common. var. FRONDOSUS, Torrey. Leafy-bracted Blackberry. Littlefalls, Gray in herb. Ham. Coll. var. HUMIFUSUS, Torr. & Gr. Trailing Blackberry. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. var. The White Blackberry, is found growing spontaneously near Cooperstown, Otsego county, by Dr. Horace Lathrop. May, June. CANADENSIS, L, Dewberry. Canadian Blackberry. Barren banks and borders of swamps. North woods. HiIspipus, L. Frequent. May. Wet woods and sphagnum swamps. Swawp, Hispid Blackberry. ROSA, Tourn. Common. June, July. SETIGERA, Michz. Wild Roses. Bristle-bearing Rose. Thickets on the rocky plains, above the cliff belowthe village of Littlefalls. Ravine of Chittenango creek below the falls. Penn-Yan, Sartwell. Escapes occasionally. July, August. CAROLINA, L. Swamp Rose. Borders of swamps, and grassy bogs along streams. * nuctipA, Ehrhart. Common. July — September. Old fields and sandy open woods. Dwarf, Bright-leaved Rose. Schenectady, Pearson. Otsego county, Miss S. Cooper. Yates county, Sartwell. Uncommon. June, July. BLANDA, Aton. Early, Thornless Rose. Abundant on banks and knolls on the flats of the Mohawk. Aboat Otsego lake, Miss S. Cooper. Coon Chisholm’s, Schenectady, Pearson. Frequent. May, June. * RUBIGINOSA, L. Sweetbrier. Eglantine. Rusty Rose. Common. June, July. Uncultivated fields, pastures. CINNAMOM EA, Besler. Cinnamon Rose. var. FECUNDISSIM.A, Lindley. Double Cinnamon Rose. Forming thickets about dwellings, fences, roadsides. Common. May-July. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 79 CRATAGUS, L. . Thorn-bushes. OXYACANTHA, L. Hawthorn. Sharp-spined White Thorn. Hedges and fields. Frequent. May. » coccINEA, L. Scarlet-fruited Thorn. Borders of sandy or rocky woods. Abundant. May, June. TOMENTOSA, LL. Black, Woolly Thorn. Thickets, old pastures. Along fences and ditches on the flats of the Mohawk. . Common. May. var. PYRIFOLIA, Gray. Pear-leaved Thorn. Thickets on sandy or gravelly soil. Schenectady, Pearson. Scarce. May. June. var. PUNCTATA, Gray. Dotted-fruited Thorn. Open low bottoms of streams on the flats of the Mohawk, forming thickets with the willows. Common. May. ° CRUS-GALLI, L. Cockspur Thorn. Hedges, roadsides, banks of streams. Abundant. June. PYRUS, ZL. Apple. Pear. CoRONARIA, L. Fragrant Crab-apple.. Garland Pyrus. Open woods about Oriskany, Knreskern. Yates county, indigenous, Sartwell. , Rare. May. MALUS, L. Common Apple. The Classical Malus. Neglected fields, borders of woods. A stunted form in old pastures. road- sides. ; Frequent. May. Arbutus-leaved Pyrus. Common. e ARBUTIFOLIA, L. Borders of swamps. var. ERYTHROCARPA, Torr. g- Gr. Red-fruited Chokeberry. Sphagnum swamps, water-sides. var. MELANOCARPA, Torr.g Gr. Black-fruited Chokeberry. Sandy plains and on rocks. May. AMERICANA, DC. Mountain-ash. American Pyrus. Cold swamps. Graefenberg hill, southeast of Utica. Swamps on the Pine plains; low deep woods near Oneida lake. Abundant along the streams and lakes of the north woods, where it is a high tree. June. AMELANCHIER, Medik. Juneberry. YCANADENSIS, Torr. g- Gr. Shadbush. River banks, ravine-sides, low thickets. Common. var. BOTRYAPIUM, Torr. §: Gr. Pyriform-clustered-flowered Sandy or rocky woods. Abundant. Juneberry. var. OBLONGIFOLIA, Torr.g- Gr. -Long-leaved Juneberry. Borders of woods, and streams. Common. var. ROTUNDIFOLIA, Torr. g- Gr. Round-leaved Juneberry. Low sandy woods. Borders of Crooked lake, Sartwell. Uncommon. var. OLIGOCARPA, Torr. § Gr. Few-fruited Juneberry. Wet mountain swamps, New-York, Torrey & Gray. On mountains in the northern part of the State, Torrey Fl. N.Y, Rare, April, May. 80 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. MELASTOMACE. Melastomas. RHEXIA, L. Deer-grass. Meadow Beauty. virGINICcA, L. Virginian Rhexia. Low sands and shores. About Oneida lake near Constantia, Vasey. Between the mouth of Fish creek and Rotterdam, near the latter place, Knieskern. Rare. June — September. LYTHRACEZ. Loosestrifes. LYTHRUM, L. . True Loosestrife. SALICARIA, L. Spiked, Willow-like Loosestrife. Swamps. Junius, Wayne county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Rochester, C. Dewey. Rare. July, August. NESAA, Comm. Swamp Loosestrife. * VERTICILLATA, H. B. K. Whorled-flowered Loosestrife. Lake shores; borders of ponds insphagnum swamps. Ballston lake, Pearson. Fairfield, Hadley in herb. Wetmore’s sphagnum pond, Frankfort hill. Marsh at the head of Oneida lake, Knieskern. Uncommon. August. CUPHEA, Jacquin. Cuphea. VISCOSISSIMA, Jacq. Very-clammy Cuphea. Old fields and gravelly places, northern part of the State, Stevenson and Knieskern, Torrey Fl. N.Y. Rare. August. ONAGRACE. Evening Primroses. EPILOBIUM, L. Willow-herbs. Enpilobia. -« ANGUSTIFOLIUM, L. Narrow-leaved Epilobium. Copses and new lands : even in the north woods, springing up abundantly after fires. Common. July — September. PALUSTRE, L.: var. LINEARE, Gray. Linear-leaved Epilobium. Cold mossy swamps. Litchfield, near Jerusalem hill; Hidden lake, on its borders, under cedars and tamaracks. Abundant in the sphagnum swamps and beaver meadows of the north woods. The small few-flowered form, E. oliganthum, MicHAux, on the hills about Oriskany, Vasey. Scarce. July — September. MOLLE, Torrey. Downy Epilobium. Wet banks. Hungry kill beyond Coon Chisholm’s, Schenectady, Pearson. Summit lake, Otsego county. Hidden lake, south Herkimer county. Bridge- water, Gray in herb. Ham. Coll. Damp meadows near Oriskany, Knieskern. Common on cold marshes in the northwestern part of the county, near Fish creek and Point of Rock lake. Common. August, September. coLorRAtTuUM, Muh. Colored-leaved Epilobium. Low grounds, brook-sides. Frequent. July — October. CNOTHERA, L. Evening Primroses. * BIENNIS, L. f Biennial Evening-primrose. Railroads, roadsides, waste fields. ' var. MURICATA, Torr. g Gr. Prickly Evening-primrose. Schenectady, Pearson. var. GRANDIFLORA, Torr. Gr. Large-flowered Evening- Low grounds. Flats of the Mohawk. primrose, Common. June —- August. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 81 | FRUTICOSA, L. Shrubby Evening-primrose. Open sandy woods. Schenectady, Pearson. Delaware county, B.D.Gilbert. Near Rochester, C. M. Booth. Infrequent. July. CHRYSANTHA, Michz. Golden-flowered Evening-primrose. Rocky woods and banks of streams. Ravine between New-Hartford and Paris hill. Bridgewater, Gray, and Perch lake, W. 4. Wood in herb. Ham. Coll. Near Oswego, Knieskern, Torrey Fl. N.Y, Frequent. July, August. « PumiLA, L. Dwarf Evening-primrose. Sandy fields, cleared uncultivated land, poor meadows. Common. June, July. GAURA, L. Gaura. BIENNIS, L. ; Biennial Gaura. Dry fields and river-banks. Along the Mohawk at Fort-Plain, B.D.Gilbert. In a berry field on Graefenberg hill, J.G. Crocker. Banks of Seneca lake, Gray in herb. Beck, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Owego, Tioga county, Knieskern. Parma, Monroe county, Bradley. Scarce. August — October. 4 LUDWIGIA, L. False Loosestrifes. ALTERNIFOLIA, L. Seedbox. Alternate-leaved Ludwigia. Borders of swamps in Tarrytown and wet woods in Westchester, Hal/. Al- bany, G. W. Clinton in herb. Beck. Schenectady, on the banks of the Mo- hawk, Pearson. Rare. July, August. PALUSTRIS, Edlzott. Marsh Ludwigia. Muddy edges of pools and streams. Common. June — October. CIRC AA, Tournefort. Enchanter’s Nightshade. , LUTETIANA, L, Mignonette-like Circea. Damp woods. Common. June, July. , ALPINA, L. Mountain Circea. Shaded springy banks, ravine-sides. Common. July, August. PROSERPINACA, L. Mermaid-weeds. PALUSTRIS, L. Marsh Mermaid-weed. Stagnant water, ponds. Albany, Beck in herb. In a beaver meadow south of Vernon, J.S. Douglass, Knieskern. Gorham marshes, Ontario county, Sartwell. Scarce. July, August. PECTINACEA, Lamarck. Pectinate-leaved Mermaid-weed. Ditches in a beaver meadow near Vernon village, J. S. Douglass, Knieskern cat. Rare. July. MYRIOPHYLLUM, Vaillant. - Water-milfoils. sPicaTum, L. Spiked-flowered Myriophyllum. Ponds, lakes. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Irondequoit bay, Monroe county, C. M. Booth. Rare. July, August. VERTICILLATUM, L. Whorled-flowered Myriophyllum. Still waters. Sander’s lake, Pearson. Oneida county, Knieskern. Uncommon. July — September. . HETEROPHYLLUM, Michz. Variable-leaved Myriophyllum. Pools and marshes. Borders of the Irondequoit bay of Lake Ontario, C.M. Booth. Scarce. June — August, [ Senate No. 90.] A) 82 REIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. TENELLUM, Bigelow. Slender Myriophyllum. Gravelly bottoms of ponds in shallow water. Northern part of the State, Torrey Fl. N.Y. Rare. July, August. HIPPURIS, L. Mare’s-tail. VULGARIS, L. Common Hippuris. Lakes. Sander’s lake, Scotia, Pearson. Schuyler’s lake, Otsego county; Alexandria bay, @. W. Clinton. Cayuga lake, J. Smith in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. June — August. CACTACE. Cactus. OPUNTIA, Tourn. Prickly Pear. Indian Fig. VULGARIS, Miller. Common Opuntia. Rocks and sands. The most northern locality in the State is Fairfield, Her- kimer county, where it was found by Prof. Hapury, Torrey Fl.N.Y. In herb. Hadley, without habitat. June, July. GROSSULACEZ. Currants. RIBES, L. Gooseberries. Currants, - CYNOSBATI, L. Prickly, Dog-bramble Gooseberry. Hillsides. Common. May. HIRTELLUM, Michz. Hairy Gooseberry. Rocky woods. Steep banks near Utica. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Frequent. May. eROTUNDIFOLIUM, Michz. Smooth, Round-leaved Gooseberry. Cold swamps. Abundant in the State swamp near Jerusalem hill. Hidden lake. y June. * LACUSTRE, Po?ret. Swamp Gooseberry. Upland swamps, northefn part of the State, Torrey Fl. N.Y. Hanging from wet rocks, in the spray from Fall brook, four miles north of Taberg. More above, along Fish creek. Rare. May, June. * prRrostRATUM, L’ Héritier. Prostrate Currant. Common in cold cedar swamps, and along woodland brooks on the hills. May. *FLoRIDUM, L’ Héritier. Flowering Currant. Wet woods and open grounds. Common. May. RUBRUM, L. Red Currant. Swampy woods, low shaded flats of streams, hillsides and rayines. Frequent. The true native variety, along a small stream on hills north of Salmon falls : different from the Red Currant of the gardens, Vasey. May. CUCURBITACE. Cucumbers. SICYOS, L. Single-seeded Cucumber. ANGULATOUS, L. Angular-leaved Sicyos. Waste places in and near cities; occasional along streams. Common in Utica. July — October. ECHINOCYSTIS, Torr. g- Gr. Prickly Cucumber. Balsam-apple. LOBATA, Torr. § Gr. Lobed-leaved Echinocystis. River-bottoms. Common throughout the valley of the Mohawk, on all parts of the flats, from the river banks, along fences and brooks to the hills. ; July, August. ' PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 83 CRASSULACE. Orpines. SEDUM, L. Stonecrop. TERNATUM, Michz. Ternate-leaved Sedum. Takes possession of shaded banks in gardens and lawns. May - July. TELEPHIOIDES, Miche. Orpine-like Sedum. High on the cliffs at Chittenango falls; where it hangs from clefts and seats of the rocks, within reach of the spray. June. TELEPHIUM, L. Orpine. The Ancient Telephion. Gravelly Henle and shores. Common down the valley of the St.Lawrence; on the Thousand Islands, at Alexandria bay. Escapes into roads, fences, banks. Littlefalls. Trenton. Utica. Frankfort hill. August — September. PENTHORUM, Gronovius. Ditch Stonecrop. *SEDOIDES, L. Sedum-like Penthorum. Roadsides, ditches, swamps: Common. July — September. SAXIFRAGACE: Sazxifrages. SAXIFRAGA, L. AIZOIDES, L. Aizoon-like Saxifraga. Wet cliffs on the east branch of Fish creek. Discovered many years ago, by Knieskern and Vasey, at its lowest station between the Railroad and Taberg, on an upright rocky side, wet by a brook pouring over into the creek; in company with Primula mistassinica. Here, however, there are only a few plants, on the space of a few square feet, wanderers from the multitude above. The creek comes from the north for many miles through a deep ravine, and, flowing from one side to the other, causes upright rocky precipices, which vary in height from fifty to one hundred and twenty-five, and in length from one hundred to one thousand feet. The woods still remain above, so that these precipices are always wet with dripping water. On these cold wet rocks, in shade or looking towards the north, the Yellow Mountain Saxifrage abounds, frequently in mats. It bears many flowers, and the golden clusters, visible at a distance, may be found in June. Local. e VIRGINIENSIS, Michz. Early, Rock Saxzifraga. Rocks. Little falls; Trenton falls: Fish creek; Chittenango falls; Black river; Alexandria bay. Frequent. April, May. « PENNSYLVANICA, L. Swamp Saxifraga. Low berders of streams, swamps. Common. June. MITELLA, Tourn. Fringe-cup. Mitre-wort. » DIPHYLLA, L. Two-leaved-stemmed Mitella. Woods and ravine-sides. Common. April, May. > nupa, L. Leafless-stemmed Mitella. Arbor-vitz swamps. Common about decaying stumps and logs, overrunning them, in damp moss and deep shade, with Listera cordata and Corallorhiza innata, a beautiful and interesting plant. Frequent. May, June. TIARELLA, L. ; Bishop’s-cap. *CORDIFOLIA, L. Cordate-leaved Tiarella. Hilly woods. Common. May. CHRYSOSPLENIUM, Tourn. Golden Saxifrage. * AMERICANUM, ‘Schweinitz. American Chrysosplenium. Swamps, springy places, rivulet borders, in the shade. Common. April; May. 84 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE; CABINET. HAMAMELACEZ. Witch-hazels. HAMAMELIS, L. Witch-hazel. « ViIRGINICA, L. Virginian Hamamelis. Low woods and thickets; sides and bottoms of ravines. Common. September — November. UMBELLIFER2. Umbellifers. HYDROCOTYLE, Tourn. Water Pennywort. ¢ AMERICANA, L. American Hydrocotyle. Springy banks, brooks, wet rocks. Common. June — September. * UMBELLATA, L. Umbellate Hydrocotyle. Springs and shores. Near Albany, Beck and Tracy, Torrey Fl. N.Y. Rare. June — August. SANICULA, Tourn. Sanicles. 4 CANADENSIS, L. Canadian Sanicula. Dry woods and thickets. Infrequent. June, July. 4 MARILANDIOA, L. Maryland Sanicula. Swamps, damp woodlands. Common. June — August. DAUCUS, Tourn. Wild Carrot. *CAROTA, L. Common Carrot. Railroads, roadsides, waste places. Banks of the Mohawk, Pearson. Near Utica. Auburn, I. H. Hall. Uncommon. June — September. HERACLEUM, L. Cow Parsnip. LANATUM, Miche. Woolly Heracleum. Flats of streams, low meadows. Common in the valley of the Mohawk. June. PASTINACA, Tourn. Wild Parsnip. » SATIVA, L. Common, Sowed Pastinaca. Roadsides, fences, banks of streams. Common. July. ARCHANGELICA, Hoffmann. Archangelicas. HIrsuTA, Torr. & Gr. Downy Archangelica. Borders of woods. Albany, Beck in herb. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Hain. Coll. About Rochester, C. M. Booth. July, August. « ATROPURPUREA, Hoffm. Dark-purple-stemmed Archangelica. Common on the flats of the Mohawk throughout. June. CONIOSELINUM, Fischer. Hemlock Parsley. eCANADENSE, Torr. § Gr. Canadian Conioselinum. Cold swamps, in shade. Oriskany swamp, a very rare plant, Knieskern. On the banks of Chenango river, Knieskern, Torrey Fl. N.Y. Rare, August, September. JETHUSA, L. Fool’s Parsley. CYNAPIUM, L. - Dog’s-poison Ethusa. Waste places in cities, villages. Common in Clinton. July, August. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 85 THASPIUM, Nuttall. Meadow Parsnip. BARBINODE, Nuttall. Fringed-jointed Thaspium. Borders of woods and rivers. Valley of the Chemung river, Knieskern, Torrey Fi. N.Y. Genesee valley, abundant, C. M. Booth. x Searce. June, July. *auRrEUM, Nuttall. Golden-flowered Thaspium. Wet meadows and along streams. yar. APTERUM, Gray. Wéngless-fruited-sharp-leaved Thaspium. Open woods and damp meadows, Oriskany, Knieskern. Frequent. May, June. TRIFOLIATUM, Gray. Three-parted-leaved Thaspium. var. APTERUM, Gray. Wuingless-fruated-round-leaved Thaspium. Meadows. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham.Coll. | Rare. May. ZIZIA, DC. ZLizia. eINTEGERRIMA, DC. Perfectly-entire-leaved Zizia. Dry woods and rocks. Abundant in the pine woods of Schenectady county. Gravelly borders of Oneida lake, Knieskern. Rocky banks of the Black river below Watertown. CICUTA, L. eMACULATA, ZL, Wet meadows, streams, swamps. sBULBIFERA, L. Searce. May, June. Water Hemlock. Spotted-stemmed Cicuta. Common. July, August. Bulb-bearing Cicuta. Borders of marshes, creeks, lakes. Common in the north woods. Frequent. August. SIUM, L. sais Water Parsnip. LINEARE, Micha. Linear-leaved Sium. Shady swamps. Common. July, August. CRYPTOT ANIA, DC. Honewort. eCANADENSIS, DC. Canadian Cryptotenia. Shaded places; about dwellings, orchards. Frequent in rich woods, and common in thickets on the banks of the Mohawk. Abundant, June- Aug. OSMORRHIZA, Rajfinesque. Sweet Cicely. e LONGISTYLIs, DC. Long-styled Osmorrhiza, Fertile open woods. Uncommon. June, July. , BREVISTYLIS, DC. Short-styled Osmorrhiza. Rich woods, ravines. Common. June —- August. CONIUM, L. Poison Hemlock. * MACULATUM, L. ” Spotted-stemmed Conium. Fences, waste places, damp banks. Frequent in towns, roadsides. Common on the banks of the Erie canal; Schenectady; Littlefalls; Herkimer; Utica: often forming thickets. J uly. CARUM, L. Caraway. e CARUI, L. “Common Carum. Roadsides, remote from dwellings, naturalized. Frequent. May - July. 86 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. ARALIACEZ. Aralias. ARALIA, Tournefort. Sarsaparilla. e RACEMOSA, L. Spikenard. Racemose Aralia. Fertile woodlands; sides and bottoms of ravines. Abundant. July, August. » HISPIDA, Michz. j Bristly Aralia. Rocks and swamps. Littlefalls. Sides of the Black river. Abundant in the sandy swamp west of Fort Bull, Rome. Frequent. June, July. * NUDICAULIS, L. Leafless-stemmed Aralia. Woods, both high and low. Common. May, June. 4 QUINQUEFOLIA, Gray. Ginseng. Five-leaved Aralia. Ravines and thickets. where it has eluded the hunter; exhausted in many regions, but common in the remote woods. June, July. ¢ TRIFOLIA, Gray. Groundnut. Three-leaved Aralia. Moist woods and their borders, in deep soil. Common. April, May. CORNACE. 3 Cornels. CORNUS, Tournefort. Dogwoods. , CANADENSIS, L. Dwarf Cornel. Conadian Cornus. Shaded sandy woods. Common. May, June. *FLORIDA, L. Flowering Cornus. Hilly woods. Schenectady, along the Platte kill, Pearson. Otsego county, H. Lathrop. Banks along the outlet of Owasco lake. J, H. Hall. Abundant in Yates county, Sartwell. Monroe county, Bradley. Uncommon. May. cIRCINATA, L’ Héritier. Rounded-leaved Cornus. Borders of woods and thickets near water. Pine woods of Schenectady county. Oneida county, Knieskern. Trenton falls, Hadley in herb. Alexan- dria bay, on the islands of the river. Frequent. June. SERICEA, L. ‘Silky Cornus. Swamps and water-sides. Summit lake, Otsego county. About Onondaga lake, Alexandria bay. Lake marshes, Yates county, Sartwed/. . Infrequent. June. » STOLONIFERA, Michauz. Stolon-bearing Cornus. Wet flats of streams. Abundant. May, June. 7 PANICULATA, L’ Heritier. Panicled Cornus. Thickets along the sides of streams. Banks of the Mohawk. Frequent. June, July. , ALTERNIFOLIA, L. Alternate-leaved Cornus. Open woods. Common. May. NYSSA, L. Tupelo. Pepperidge. _ MULTIFLORA, Wangenheim. Many-flowered Nyssa. Occasional on the flats of the Mohawk. Borders of Otsego lake. Miss S. Cooper. Near Vernon, Prof.O. Root. Near Oneida lake, Knieskern. Infrequent. April, May. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 87 B. MONOPETALOUS EXOGENS. CAPRIFOLIACE. Honeysuckles. LINN AA, Gronovius. Twin-flower. ~ BOREALIS, Gronov. Northern Linnea. Shady banks and arbor-vite swamps. Common in all the cold marshes on the highlands south of the Mohawk, Summit lake, Mud lake, State swamp, Hidden lake. Little falls above the south cliff. Springy wooded slopes on the flats of the Mohawk between Frankfort and Utica. Ravine sides in Deerfield and Marcy. Cedar swamp on Paris hill. Sides of the Black river below Wa- tertown, in evergreen shade. Frequent. June — August. SYMPHORICARPUS, Dillenius. Snowberry. RACEMOSUS, Michx. Racemose Symphoricarpus. Rocky banks. Helderberg Prospect rock, Pearson. Otsego county, H. Le- throp. Along the Black river between Watertown and Dexter. Genesee falls, Carey in herb. Ham. Coll. Genesee river banks, Greece, Bradley- Rare. June, July. VULGARIS, Miche. Coral-berry. Common Symphorrearpus. Borders of Seneca lake, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Occasionally admitted into gardens and ornamental grounds. July — September. LONICERA, ZL. Honeysuckles. SEMPERVIRENS, Aiton. Trumpet-honeysuckle. Evergreen Lonicera. Banks near the river, Tarrytown and on the hills eastward, J. H. Hall. Thickets along the borders of Otsego lake, B. D. Gilbert: H: Lathrop. Rare. June, July. GRATA, Aiton. True Woodbine. Pleasant Lonicera. Rocky hillsides. Otsego county, H. Lathrop. Shore of Lake Ontario, two miles northeast of Oswego. Rare. May. PARVIFLORA, Lamarck. Small-flowered Lonicera. Rocks and damp banks. Schenectady. Littlefalls. Swamps about Oriskany, Knieskern. Beyond Fort Bull, Rome. Along Wood creek. Rocky ravine- sides of Fish creek. Borders of Onondaga lake. Rocky banks of the Black river. Frequent. May. HIRSUTA, Eaton. Hairy Lonicera. Rocks and shaded woods. Helderberg mountains, Pearson. Otsego county, Miss 8. Cooper. Fairfield, Herkimer county, Eaton bot. On the berm bank of the Erie canal about halfway between Oriskany and Rome, in low grounds, Knieskern. Rocky woods down the Black river below Watertown. Potter, Yates county, Sartwell. Rare. July. eCILIaATA, Muh. Fily-honeysuckle. Ciliate-leaved Lonicera. Rayine-sides and shady swamps. Common. April, May. CHRULEA, L. Mountain-honeysuckle. Blue-berried Lonicera. Cold swamps. Near Vernon, J.S. Douglass; Knieskern. Phelps, Ontario county, Sartwell. . Rare. May, June. + OBLONGIFOLIA, Muhl. Swamp-honeysuckle. Oblong-leaved Lonicera. Upland swamps on the range of hills south of the Mohawk valley. Head- waters of the Susquehanna river: abundant at Summit lake, Springfield, Otsego county; and at Mud lake, sonth Herkimer county. Headwaters of the Unadilla river: borders of Hidden lake, Litchfield, and the deep State marsh near Jerusalem corners, Scarce. June. 88 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. DIERVILLA, Tourne/fort. Bush-honeysuckle. « TRIFIDA, Mcench. Three-parted-peduncled Diervilla. Cliffs and ravine-sides. Common. June, July. TRIOSTEUM, ZL. Fever-wort. ¢ PERFOLIATUM, L. Perfoliate Triosteum. Shaded rocks and copses on deep soil. Little falls. Oneida county, Knieskern. Penn-Yan, Sartwell. : Uncommon. May - July. SAMBUCUS, Tournefort. Elders. * CANADENSIS, L. Canadian Sambucus. Roadsides, fences, neglected fields. Common. June. » PUBENS, Miche. Downy Sambucus. Borders of woods, thickets, ravines. Common. May. VIBURNUM, ZL. tArrow-woods. Viburna. NuDUM, L, Withe-wood. Naked-cymed Viburnum. Swamps on the Mohawk flats. Common. June. * LENTAGO, L. Bending-branched Viburnum. Open woods and banks of streams. Abundant. May. DENTATUM, L. drrow-wood. Toothed-leaved Viburnum. Copses on the flats and banks of the Mohawk. Low lands about Onondaga lake. Frequent. June. PUBESCENS, Pursh. Downy Viburnum. Rocky banks of streams. Along the College brook, Schenectady, Pearson. Dexter, Jefferson county, Vasey. Borders of Crooked lake, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Banks of the Genesee below Rochester, C. M. Booth. Rare. June. « ACERIFOLIUM, L. Maple-leaved Viburnum. Hilly woods. Common. May, June. - opuLUS, L. Cranberry-tree. Opulus, Poplar-leaved Viburnum. River-banks. Shores of the Mohawk river, and in low grounds over the flats. Abundant. June. « LANTANOIDES, Michaux. Hobblebush. Lantana, Wayfaring-tree-like Viburnum. Damp, sandy or hilly woods. Frequent in ravines and abundant on the hills: Graefenberg hill, Paris hill. In full force in the North woods, often so com- pletely covering the ground as to render the forests impassable. May, June. RUBIACE. Madders. GALIUM, ZL. Cleavers. Galia. APARINE, L. The Ancient Aparine. Shaded swamps. Frequent. June. ASPRELLUM, Michx. Rough Galium. Wet meadows and low woods. Common on the flats of the Mohawk. July. TRIFIDUM, L. Three-parted-peduncled Galium. Cold grassy and mossy swamps. Summit lake, Otsego county. Mud lake, Hidden lake, and the State marsh, south Herkimer county. Spring bogs near Fish creek and Point of Rock. Rare. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 89 : var. TINCTORIUM, ZYorr. & Gr. Dyer’s Galium. Marshes. Abundant. | var. LATIFOLIUM, Zorr. Broad-leaved Galium. Borders of marshes and streams. Uncommon. June, July. * TRIFLORUM, Miche. Fragrant-drying, Threeflowered Galium. Damp groves. Common. July. PILOSUM, Aiton. Hairy Galium. Dry sandy plains near Oneida lade, Knzeskern. Junius, Seneca county, Sart- well in herb. Ham. Coll. Scarce. June, July. . « CIRC AZANS, Michr. Circcea-like Galium. Copses, borders of dry woods. Frequent. June. » LANCEOLATUM, Torr. Lanceolate-leaved Galium. Wooded banks. Uncommon. June, July. « BOREALE, LD. Northern Galium. Cliffs, rocks, river-banks. Valley of the Mohawk from Schenetady to Little- falls. Fairfield, Hadley in herb. Banks of Oneida creek, Knieskern. Rocks of the Black river. Sometimes in swamps; West-Bergen, Genesee county. Frequent. June — August. CEPHALANTHUS, L. Button-bush. * OCCIDENTALIS, L. Western Cephalanthus. Muddy swamps, borders of ponds, lakes, Abundant in the northeastern part of the State. Mud lake, sonth Herkimer county. Mohawk valley: Littlefalls; Below Utica on the flats, around a pond; opposite Whitesboro, a swamp full. Black brook and Oneida lake. About Onondaga lake. Outlet of Owasco lake, I. H. Hall. Abundant. July. MITCHELLA, ZL. Partridge-berry. e REPENS, L. Creeping Mitchella. Woods. moist and shady places. Common. June, July. OLDENLANDIA, Plumier. Bluets. Oldenlandias. -- PURPUREA, Gray. Purpleflowered Oldenlandia. var. LONGIFOLIA, Gray. Long-leaved Oldentandia. Rocks and dry soils. Otsego county, H. Lathrop. Rocky islands in Black river at Rutland, Jefferson county, J. G. Crocker. Gravelly sides of the river between Watertown and Sackett’s-harbor. Scarce. May, June. var. CILIOLATA, Gray. Fringed-leaved Oldenlandia. Gravelly hillsides along the shore of Lake Ontario. Sackett’s-harbor and banks of Black river, Knieskern. Abundant on the hill-slopes around the Old Fort at Oswego. Genesee falls, diken in herb.Sartwell Ham. Coll. Ro- chester, C. Dewey. May, June. CHRULEA, Gray. Blue-flowered Oldenlandia. Damp places on the banks of Black river, from Remsen, Miss J.E.Johnson, to Watertown and Dexter. Otsego county, H. Lathrop. May — September, [ Senate No. 90.] G= 90 £EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. VALERIANACEZ. Valerians. VALERIANA, Tournefort. « SYLVATICA, Banks. Woedland Valerian. Very abundant in a sphagnous swamp in Wayne county, near the shore of Lake Ontario, where it was discovered in 1833 by Dr. Sarrwenn, Gray in Rare plants of Northern and Western N.Y. Wayne county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Common in all parts of the swamp in West-Bergen, north- western Genesee county. At this station the flowers are pure white always, both in the open marsh and its shady borders- Rare. June. FEDIA, Gertner. Corn Salad. CLITORIA, Vahl. Garden Fedia-. Cultivated grounds, roadsides. Scottsville, Monroe county, L. Holzer. Rare. May. FAGOPYRUM, Torr. & Gr. Buckwheat, Fagopyrum Fedia- Mohawk flats near Utica, Gray. Borders of a long narrow mud-pond below the city, on the north side of the river, once the bed of the stream. Rare. May. DIPSACE. Teasels. DIPSACUS, Tournefort. Fuller’s Thistles- ¢ SYLVESTRIS, Miller. Wild Teasel. Wood Dipsacus. Roadsides. Common. July, August. FULLON UM, Miller. Fuller’s Dipsacus- Escaped from cultivation. Schenectady, Pearson. Auburn and Skaneateles, I. H. Hall. July. COMPOSITE. Composites. VERNONIA, Schreber. Tron-weed. NOVEBORACENSIS, Willd. New-York Vernonia. Low grounds and drained swamps. Tarrytown, I. H. Halil. Wayne county, Sartwell in herb. Hum. Coll. Rare. August, September. EUPATORIUM, Tournefort. Thoroughworts. Bonesets. Eupatoria. « PURPUREUM, L. Purple Eupatorium. Banks of streams; low thickets. Common. August. HYSSOPIFOLIUM, L. Hyssopus-leaved Hupatorium. Dry hillsides. Nyack, on the Hudson river, J. H. Hail. Rare. August. TEUCRIFOLIUM, Willd. Teucrium-leaved Eupatorium. Edges of low woods and swampy ground, near Tarrytown, I. H. Hall. Rare. August. SESSILIFOLIUM, L. Sessile-leaved Hupatorium, Wooded banks. Oneida county, Gray in herb. Sartwell Ham. Coll. Rare. August. * PERFOLIATUM, L. Common Boneset. Connate-leaved Eupatorium. Open swamps and grassy bottoms of ravines. Common. July, August. = AGBRATOIDES, L. Ageratum-like Eupatorium. Woods, streams. Common. August - October. PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 91 MIKANIA, Willd. Climbing Hemp-weed. SCANDENS, L. . Ascending Mikania. Shaded swamps. Sleepy-hollow Great Tarrytown, J.H.Hall. Low grounds near Qneida lake, Knieskern. Marshes around Onondaga lake. Infrequent. July — September. NARDOSMIA, Cassini. Sweet Coltsfoot. PALMATA, Hooker. Hand-leaved Nardosmia. Cold swamps. Near Saratoga, Dr. Steele, Torrey § Gray Fl., Prof. Hitch- cock, Torrey F1_N.Y: Dundee, INES, Wr ight in herb. Sartwell Ham. Coll. Valley of the Genesee river between Rochester and Lake Ontario, in a cleared swamp, C. M. Booth. Rare. May. TUSSILAGO, Tournefort. Common Coltsfoot. *FARFARA, L. From the ancient Farfarus. River-side Tussilago. Brooksides at the crossing ef roads; flats of creeks; far up ravinesin woods. Common. April. SERICOCARPUS, Nees von Hsenbeck. White-topped Aster. CONYZOIDES, Nees. Conyza-like Sericocarpus. Copses, wooded hillsides. Infrequent. July, August. ASTER, L. Starworts. Asters. CORYMBOSUS, Aiton. Corymbed Aster. Borders of woods. Common. July, August. MACROPHYLLUS, L. Large-leaved Aster. Damp shaded banks. Abundant. August — October. PATENS, Aiton. Spreading Aster. Dry hillsides. Frequent. var. PHLOGIFOLIUS, Torr. & Gr. Phlox-leaved Aster. Shaded hillsides. Common at Tarrytown, /.H.Hall. Schenectady, Pearson. Infrequent. LEVIS, DL. Smooth Aster. Thickets. Banks of the east side of Onondaga lake. Occasional. var. LEVIGATUS, Torr. & Gr. Smooth-stemmed Aster. Copses. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Frequent. var. CYANEUS, Torr. & Gr. Azure Aster. Open woods. Tarrytown, common, I. H. Hall. Penn-Yan. Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Abundant. UNDULATUS, L. Wavy-leaved Aster. Dry woodlands. Common. CORDIFOLIUS, L. Heari-leaved Aster. Shaded hillsides. Common. SAGITTIFOLIUS, Willd. Arrow-leaved Aster. Open banks. Auburn, common, J. H. Hall. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Abundant. ERICOIDES, L. Feath-like Aster. Roadsides; neglected, cleared land. Common. 92 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. MULTIFLORUS, Aiton. Many-flowered Aster Barren fields, dry hills, Abundant. pDUMOSUS, L.. Bushy Aster. Copses, banks, along water-courses. Frequent. TRADESCANTI, LD. TRADESCANT’S Aster. Streams and damp woods. Tarrytown, J. H. Hall. Schenectady, Pearson. Abundant. MISER, L. Deficient-flowered Aster. Thickets, waste-places. Common. var. GLOMERELLUS, Jorr. d Gr. Glomerate-spiked-flowered Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Aster. var. DIFFuSsUS, Torr. & Gr. Diffuse-branched Aster. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. A depauperate form of this variety abounds on the cold wet cliffs of Fish creek. var. HIRSUTICAULIS, Jorr.d& Gr. Hirsute-stemmed Aster. Albany, Beck, Torrey & Gray Fl. Wayne county, Sartwell, Torr. & Gr. Fl. in herb. Ham. Coll. SIMPLEX, Willd. Simple-stemmed Aster. Rayines and shady swamps. Often. cARNEUS, Nees von Esenbeck. Flesh-colored Aster. Low grounds. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. The old form A. GreEentt, Torrey & Gray, between North and South Col- leges, Schenectady, Tuckerman, Pearson. Rare. LONGIFOLIUS, Lamarck. Long-leaved Aster. Low woods on islands in the Pocantico above Tarrytown, J. H. Hall. Jef- ferson county, Crawe in herb. Sartwell Ham. Coll. Rare. PUNICEUS, L. Purple-stemmed Aster. Low grounds. Common. var. VIMINEUS, Torr. & Gr. Slender-stemmed Aster. Deep woods and swamps. Frequent. PRENANTHOIDES, Muhl. Prenanthes-like Aster. Damp rich woods. Common in Oneida county, Gray. Western part of the State, Torrey & Gr. Fl.; Knieskern and Sartwell, Torrey Fl. N.Y. Water- town, Crawe; Dundee, Yates county, Wright; Penn-Yan, Sartwell ; in herb. Ham. Coll. Abundant. NOV H-ANGLIA, L. New-England Aster. Roadsides, streams, open swamps. ~ Common. ACUMINATUS, Michx. Acuminate-leaved Aster. _ Rocks, ravines and hills, in moisture and shade. Abundant. PTARMICOIDES, Torr. & Gr. Ptarmica-like Aster. On the rocky banks of Black river, near Watertown, Jefferson county, where it is very abundant, and was first noticed by Dr. Crawe, Gray in Rare plants of Northern N.Y. Rocky banks of the river at Watertown, near the bridge of the road to Dexter, Gray. Jefferson county, Crawe in herb. Ham. Coll. Banks of Genesee river below Rochester, C. M. Booth. Rare. August. _ PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 93 ERIGERON, L. Fleabanes. © CANADENSE, L. Canadian Erigeron Roadsides, waste places; a field weed. Common. July — September. * BELLIDIFOLIUM, Muh. Daisy, Bellis-leaved Erigeron. Rocky hillsides and edges of thickets. Infrequent. May. * PHILADELPHICUM, L. Philadelphia Erigeron. Borders of woods, swamps; wet rocks. Common. June, July. * ANNUUM, Persoon. Annual Erigeron. Waysides, waste-places. Common. June — August. + stricosum, Wuhl. Hairy Erigeron. Neglected fields, poor meadows. Common. June, July. DIPLOPAPPUS, Cassini. : Double-bristled Asters. LINARIIFOLIUS, Hooker. Linaria-leaved Diplopappus. Rocky, gravelly or sandy soils. Schenectady, Pearson, Gray. : Infrequent. August — October. UMBELLATUS, Torr. & Gr. Umbelled Diplopappus. Open swamps. Abundant, especially on the hills. August, September. AMYGDALINUS, Torr. & Gr. Almond-leaved Diplopappus. Marshes. Gorham, Ontario county, Sartwel/. Dundee, Yates county, Wright, Vasey. Rare. August. CORNIFOLIUS, Darlington. Cornus-leaved Diplopappus. Open woods. Oswego, Knieskern in herb. Sartwell Ham. Coll. Rare. July — September. SOLIDAGO, L. © Goldenrods. SQUARROSA, Muhl. Squarrose-involucred Solidago. Dry rocky soil and woods. Abundant at Alexandria bay, G. W. Clinton. Penn-Yan, Sartwell. Mount Hope and banks of the Genesee below Roches- ter, C. M. Booth. Rare. BICOLOR, L. Silver-rod. Two-colored Solidago. Hillsides and barren sandy copses. Abundant. LATIFOLIA, L. Broad-leaved Solidago. Shaded rocks and banks. Common. cmsia, L. Gray-purple-stemmed Solidago. Wooded hills, thickets. Frequent. PUBERULA, Nuttall. ; Downy Solidago. Top of a high hill near Tarrytown, I. H. Hail. Rare. STRICTA, Aiton. Willow-leaved, Wand-like Solidago. Sphagnum swamps. Oneida county, Gray, Torrey Fl. N.Y. Abundant in the swamp on Paris hill. _ Rare. July. SPECIOSA, Nuttall. Showy Solidago. ‘ var. ANGUSTATA, Torr. § Gr., or a depauperate form, on the sides and summit of Bald rock, near Third lake, north-Herkimer county. Rare. August. OHIOENSIS, Riddell. Ohio Solidago. Low lands. Yates county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. In various parts of Western N.Y., Knieskern, Sartwell, G. W. Clinton, Torr. §& Gr. Fl. Rare. 94 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. HouGHTONII, Jorrey & Gray. Discovered by Houauton. Damp moss and marl bogs of the swamp in West-Bergen, Genesee county; in company with a number of lake shore plants, Comandra livida, Juniperus sabina, Juncus balticus, Scirpus torreyi, and others. Leaves sheathing opposite sides of the stem at its base, rigid, narrow, ciliate, all clasping, two to six inches in length, deep green; stems slender, purple; heads large, rays sometimes spreading three-fourths of an inch, in a drooping corymb. A peculiar and beautiful plant. Rare. July. NEGLECTA, Torr. & Gr. Unnoticed Solidago. Marshes. Bethel, Ontario county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Uncommon. PATULA, Muhl. Spreading Solidago. Swamps. Common. ARGUTA, Aiton. Sharp-serrated-leaved Solidago. Borders of woods and fields. Frequent. var. JUNCEA, TJorr. & Gr. Reed-like: Solidago. Schenectady, Pearson. Frequent. MUHLENBERGII, Torr. & Gr. Discovered by MUHLENBERG. Bogs, shaded wet bottoms. Schenectady, Pearson. Penn-Yan, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. LINOIDES, Solander. Linum-like Solidago. Marshes, sphagnum swamps. Junius, Seneca county, Sartwell in herb.Ham. Coll. Rare. ALTISSIMA, L. High Solidago. Along fences, bottoms of ravines. Common. ULMIFOLIA, Mull. Elm-leaved Solidago. Thickets, river-sides. Frequent. opoRA, Aiton. Sweet Goldenrod. Fragrant Solidago. Open woods, hillsides. The earliest one in blossom, Knieskern Rocky banks of Seneca lake, Vasey. Uncommon. NEMORALIS, Aiton. Hoary Goldenrod. Woodland Solidago. Barren soils. Common. CANADENSIS, L. Canadian Solidago. Roadsides, fences. Everywhere without limit. var. PROCERA, Torr. & Gr. Towering Solidago. Walls, banks, hills. Common. SEROTINA, Aiton. Late-flowering Solidago. Ravine-sides and thickets along streams. Frequent. GIGANTEA, Aiton. Giant Solidago. Meadow-fences, open bottoms of ravines. Common. LANCEOLATA, L. Bushy Goldenrod. Narrow-leaved Solidago. Flats and banks of the Mohawk. Abundant. INULA, L. Enula Campana. Common Elecampane. « HELENIUM, L. The Ancient Helenion. Roadsides, extensively naturalized. July, August. ” PLANTS OF ONEIDA COUNTY AND VICINITY. 95 POLYMNIA, L. Leafcups. * CANADENSIS, L. Canadian Polymnia. : Shaded rocky sides of streams. About Vernon, J.S. Douglass, Knieskern. Ravine of Chittenango creek, below the falls. Hackney falls, Owasco Jake outlet, J. H. Hall. Gorham, Ontario county, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. July — September. UVEDALIA, L. In honor of Ropert UvEpALe. Deep ravine of Chittenango creek, at the water side. Borders of Seneca lake, Sartwell in herb. Ham. Coll. Rare. August, September. AMBROSIA, Tournefort. _ Ragweed. Wormwood. *TRIFIDA, L. Three-parted-leaved Ambrosia. Forming thickets along the banks of the Mohawk. Common. July, August. * ARTEMISIEFOLIA, L, Artemisia-leaved Ambrosia. Waysides, waste places. Common. July — September. XANTHIUM, Tournefort. Cockleburs. * STRUMARIUM, L. “hee Struma-healing Xanthium. Yards, streets, waste grounds. Abundant on the low banks of the Mohawk. Common. August. SPINOSUM,L. Thorny Xanthium. Around the Dexter factories, Knieskern. Hab. Oriskany, but rare, P. D. K. in herb. Sartwell Ham. Coll. August — October. HELIOPSIS, Persoon. False Sunflower. L&VIS, Pers. Smooth Heliopsis. Marshes and streams. Common. August — October. RUDBECKIA, L. Coneflowers. LACINIATA, L, Deeply-parted-leaved Rudbeckia. Bottoms of ravines, creeks, rivers. Common. July — September. FULGIDA, Aton. Fulgent Rudbeckia. Meadows, occasionally, but not permanent. July, August. eHirta, L. Rough Rudbeckia. Pastures, meadows and their borders. Common. June, July. HELIANTHUS, L. Sunflowers. GIGANTEUsS, L. Gigantic Helianthus. Low river-banks and marshes of lakes. Frequent. August, September. sTRUMOSUS, LE. Tubercled-stemmed Helianthus. Thickets on hillsides and river-banks. Abundant. var. MOLLIS, Torr. g- Gr. Downy-leaved Helianthus. Penn-Yan, Sartwell. Greece, sides of Genesee river, Bradley. , DIVARICATUS, L. Divergent Helianthus. Open woods. Common. DECAPETALUS, L. ’ Ten-rayed Helzanthus. Ravine-sides and bottoms. Infrequent. var. FRONDOSUs, Torr. §- Gr, Leafy-involucred Helianthus. Shady stream-sides, fh Uncommon, 96 EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. TUBE ROSUS, L. Artichoke. Tuberous Helianthus. Walls and fences. Occasional. ACTINOMERIS, Nuttall. Actinomeris. SQUARROSA, JVutt. Squarrose-involucred Actinomeris. Borders of Crooked lake, Yates county, Sartwell in herb..Ham. Coll. Wes- tern New-York, Torrey § Gray Fl. Rare. August, September. BIDENS, L. Bur-marigolds. «= FRONDOSA, L. Leafy Bidens. Walls, yards, waste places. Common. July — September. “CONNATA, MuAl. Connate-leaved Bidens. Ditches, brooks. Uncommon.