UC-NRLF

$B 3MS 130

J

I

WILLIAM D1LLER MATTHEW

EARTH

SafeNCE

UBRAItf

PRESENTED

BY

The Trustees

OF

THE BRITISH MUSEUM.

CATALOGUE

OF THE

UNGULATE MAMMALS

IN THE

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY).

VOL. II.
ARTIODACTYLA,

FAMILY BOVIDJE,
SUBFAMILIES BUBALIN^E TO REDUNCIN.E

(HARTEBEESTS, GNUS, DUIKEKS, DIK-DIKS, KLIPS PKINGERS,
REEDBUCKS, WATERBUCKS, ETC.).

By R. LYDEKKER, F.E.S.,

ASSISTED BY

GILBERT ELAINE.

LONDON :

PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE
BRITISH MUSEUM.

SOLD BY

LONGMANS, GREEN & Co., 39, PATERNOSTER Row, E.G.

B. QUARITCH, 11, GRAFTON STREET, NEW BOND STREET, W.

DULAU & Co., LTD., 37, SOHO SQUARE, W.

AND AT THE

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), CROMWELL ROAD, S.W.
1914.

(All rights reserved.)

INTRODUCTION

MY labours in the preparation of the greater part of this
volume have been much lightened by Mr. Gilbert Elaine,
who has been good enough to examine, name, and catalogue
the specimens in the Collection. In regard to the classifica-
tion of the heterogeneous group of ruminants commonly
included under the designation of " antelopes," it has been
deemed advisable to follow the one adopted by Sclater and
Thomas in The Book of Antelopes, with such minor modifica-
tions as are necessary in order to bring it, so far as possible,
into accord with the emendations in regard to the position of
certain generic groups and the limitations of subfamilies
proposed by Mr. E, I. Pocock in his article on the
Cutaneous Scent-Glands of Euminants, published in the
Proceedings of the Zoological Society for 1910.

In several cases considerable difficulty has been expe-
rienced with regard to the numerous local forms of African
antelopes for which separate subspecific names have been
proposed, as the specimens in the Collection are quite
insufficient to afford a clue as to the value of the characters
upon which these forms are based. When such forms are
from more or less widely sundered localities they have, as a
rule, been recognised as distinct ; but in cases where several
have been named from nearly adjacent, or even the same,
districts, their right to distinction has not been definitely
accepted, and the subspecific titles are merely entered
seriatim, under the heading of the species to which they
pertain. In all cases the responsibility for the recognition
of such local races rests with the writers by whom the names
were given, and not with myself.

As in the preceding volume, special prominence has been
given to external characters, more particularly the horns, in

vi INTRODUCTION

the definition of groups, in order to render the work more
acceptable to sportsmen than would be the case if less easily
appreciated features were given the first place.

The opportunity may be taken of correcting the following
errors in the first volume :—

P. 81, last line, for E. S. Giinther read E. T. Giinther.
P. 102, line 6 from bottom, for 2. 3. 9. 8. read 2. 3. 9. 6.
P. 129, bottom line, p. 162, line 16 from top, and Index, pp. 243,
244, for Orthagoceros read Orthaegoceros.
P. 160, line 10 from top, for 50 read 55£.
P. 182, line 4 from bottom, for 7f| read 7£.
P. 184, line 2 from bottom, for 2^ read 2f .

E. LYDEKKER,

December IQtJi, 1913.

CONTENTS

PAGE

PREFACE . . . • . . . . . . iii

INTRODUCTION ......... v

ORDER UNGULATA.

SUBORDER I. — ARTIODACTYLA.
SECTION A. — PECORA.

FAMILY I. BOVIDJE 1

SUBFAMILY v. BUBALIN^ ...... 2

I. GENUS BUBALIS . . . . . . ' . 3

I. BUBALIS BUSELAPHUS . . . . 4

II. BUBALIS MAJOR ...... 6

III. BUBALIS TORA ...... 8

A. — Bubalis tora tora ... .10

B.— Bubalis tora digglei . . . . .11

C. — Bubalis tora rahatensis . 11

D. — Bubalis tora swaynei .... 12

E. — Bubalis tora noacki . . . . .13

IV. BUBALIS COKEI .... .13
A. — Bubalis cokei cokei ..... 15
B. — Bubalis cokei rothschild: .... 16
C. — Bubalis cokei nakuras .... 16
D. — Bubalis cokei kongoni . .17

V. BUBALIS NEUMANNI ..... 18

VI. BUBALIS LELWEL ...... 19

A. — Bubalis lelwel lelwel. .... 20

B. — Bubalis lelwel tschadensis . .20

C. — Bubalis lelwel jacksoni .... 21

D. — Bubalis lelwel niediecki .... 23

E. — Bubalis lelwel insignis .... 23

F. — Bubalis lelwel roosevelti .... 24

VII. BUBALIS CAAMA ...... 24

A. — Bubalis caama caama .... 27

B. — Bubalis caama selbornei . . . .27

VIII. BUBALIS LICHTENSTEINI ..... 29

viii CONTENTS

PAGE

II. GENUS DAMALISCUS

I. DAMALISCUS PYGARGUS ..... 33

II. DAMALISCUS ALBIFRONS ..... 35
III. DAMALISCUS LUNATUS . . . . .37

IV. DAMALISCUS KORRIGUM . . . .39

A. — Damaliscus korrigum korrigum ... 41

F>, — Damaliscus korrigum tiang . . .42

C. — Damaliscus korrigum selousi ... 44

D. — Damaliscus korrigum jonesi ... 44

E. — Damaliscus korrigum jimela . . 44

F.— Damaliscus korrigum phalius ... 46

V. DAMALISCUS HUNTERI . . . 46

III. GENUS CONNOCH^TES 48

I. CONNOCH^TES GNU ...... 50

II. CONNOCIOETES TAURINUS . . . ... 54

A. — Connochaetes taurinus taurinus ... 56

B. — Connochaetes taurinus johnstoni . . 57

C. — Connochsetes taurinus hecki ... 57

D. — Connochffites taurinus albojubatus . . 58

SUBFAMILY vi. CEPHALOPHIN^E . . . t- . 59
GENUS CEPHALOPHUS . ... . . .60

1. SUBGENUS CEPHALOPHUS ..... 63

I. CEPHALOPHUS SYLVICULTRIX .... 63

II. CEPHALOPHUS JENTINKI ..... 66

III. CEPHALOPHUS SPADIX ..... 67

IV. CEPHALOPHUS NATALENSIS .... 68

A. — Cephalophus natalensis natalensis . . 69

B. — Cephalophus natalensis amcenus . . 69

C. — Cephalophus natalensis robertsi . * 70

D. — Cephalophus natalensis bradshawi . . 71

V. CEPHALOPHUS CENTRALIS . . . ,71

VI. CEPHALOPHUS NIGRIFRONS . . . .72
VII. CEPHALOPHUS CLAUDI ..... 73

VIII. CEPHALOPHUS RUBIDUS ..... 73

IX. CEPHALOPHUS WEYNSI ..... 74

X. CEPHALOPHUS JOHNSTONI .... 75

XI. CEPHALOPHUS IGNIFER . . . . . 75

XII. CEPHALOPHUS HARVEYI ..... 76

A. — Cephalophus harveyi harveyi ... 77
B. — Cephalophus harveyi kenise . . .77

CONTENTS IX

PAGE

XIII. CEPHALOPHUS LEOPOLDI .... 78

XIV. CEPHALOPHUS LEUCOGASTER .... 79

XV. CEPHALOPHUS DORSALIS .... 80

XVI. CEPHALOPHUS CASTANEUS .... 81

XVII. CEPHALOPHUS LEUCOCHILUS .... 82

(?) CEPHALOPHUS EMINI . . . .83

XVIII. CEPHALOPHUS OGILBYI ..... 83

XIX. CEPHALOPHUS BROCKET. .... 84

XX. CEPHALOPHUS CALLIPYGUS .... 85

XXI. CEPHALOPHUS RUFILATUS .... 86

A. — Cephalophus rufilatus rufilatus ... 87

B.— Cephalophus rufilatus rubidior ... 89

XXI I. CEPHALOPHUS DORLE ..... 89

XXIII. CEPHALOPHUS NIGER ..... 91

XXIV. CEPHALOPHUS WALKERI ... 92

2. SUBGENUS GUEVEI ...... 93

XXV. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MAXWELLI . .93

XXVI. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MELANORHEUS . . 96

A. — Cephalophus melanorheus melanorheus . 97

B. — Cephalophus melanorheus sundevalli . 97

C. — Cephalophus melanorheus anchietae . . 98

D. — Cephalophus melanorheus sequatorialis . 98

E. — Cephalophus melanorheus rnusculoides . 99

XXVII. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MONTICOLA . . 100

XXVIII. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) NYAS.K . . .103

A. — Cephalophus nyasae nyasse . . . 103

B. — Cephalophus nyaste defriesi . . .104

C. — Cephalophus nyasae congicus . . . 104

XXIX. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) HECKI . . . 105

XXX. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) SIMPSONI . . . 105

XXXI. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) LUGENS . . . 106

3. SUBGENUS SYLVICAPRA ..... 107

XXXII. CEPHALOPHUS (SYLVICAPRA) GRIMMI . , 107

A. — Cephalophus grimmi grimmi . . .110

B. — Cephalophus grimmi flavescens . . .112

C. — Cephalophus grimmi altifrons . . . 113

D.— Cephalophus grimmi splendidulus . .114

E.— Cephalophus grimmi coronatus . . .114

F. — Cephalophus grimmi campbellue . .116

CONTENTS

PAGE

G. — Cephalophus grimmi abyssinicus . . 117
H. — Cephalophus grimmi nyansae . . .118
I. — Cephalophus grimmi hindei . . .119

J. — Cephalophus grimmi altivallis . . . 120

K. — Cephalophus grimmi shirensis . . . 120

L. — Cephalophus grimmi roosevelti . . . 121

XXXIII. CEPHALOPHUS (SYLVICAPEA) LEUCOPROSOPUS . 121

SUBFAMILY vii. OREOTRAGIN^E . . . . .122

GENUS OREOTRAGUS ....... 123

OREOTRAGUS OREOTRAGUS ..... 123

A. — Oreotragus oreotragus oreotragus . . 126

B. — Oreotragus oreotragus saltatrixoides . . 126

C. — Oreotragus oreotragus aureus . . . 127

D. — Oreotragus oreotragus schillings! . . 127

E. — Oreotragus oreotragus somalicus . . 128

F. — Oreotragus oreotragus aceratos . . . 130

G. — Oreotragus oreotragus porteousi . . 130

SUBFAMILY viii. NEOTRAGIN^E ..... 131

I. GENUS OUREBIA ....... 132

I. OUREBIA OUREBI ...... 133

II. OUREBIA HASTATA ...... 135

III. OUREBIA NIGRICAUDATA ..... 137

IV. OUREBIA MONTANA ...... 138

A. — Ourebia montana montana . . .139

B. — Ourebia montana aequatoria . . . 140

V. OUREBIA HAGGARDI ..... 140

VI. OUREBIA KENY^ ...... 141

VII. OUREBIA MICRODON ..... 142

VIII. OUREBIA GOSLINGI ...... 143

IX. OUREBIA COTTONI ...... 144

X. OUREBIA GALLARUM. ..... 144

II. GENUS BAPHICERUS . . . . . . 145

1. SUBGENUS BAPHICERUS . . . ^ . 146

I. KAPHICERUS CAMPESTRIS ..... 146

A. — Raphicerus campestris campestris . . 149

B.. — Baphicerus campestris natalensis . . 151

C. — Baphicerus campestris neumanni . . 151

D. — Baphicerus campestris stigmaticus . . 152
E. — Baphicerus campestris capricornis . .153

CONTENTS XI

PAGE

II. RAPHICERUS SHARPEI ..... 153

A. — Raphicerus sharpei sharpei . . . 154

B. — Eaphicerus sharpei colonicus . . . 155

2. SUBGENUS NOTOTRAGUS ..... 155

III. RAPHICERUS (NOTOTRAGUS) MELANOTIS . . 155
III. GENUS NEOTRAGUS ...... 158

1. SUBGENUS NESOTRAGUS ..... 159
I. NEOTRAGUS (NESOTRAGUS) MOSCHATUS . . 159

A. — Neotragus moschatus moschatus . . 160

B. — Neotragus moschatus akeleyei . . . 161

C. — Neotragus moschatus deserticola . . 162

II. NEOTRAGUS (NESOTRAGUS) LIVINGSTONIANUS . 162

A. — Neotragus livingstonianus livingstoniarms . 163
B. — Neotragus livingstonianus zuluensis . .164

2. SUBGENUS HYLARNUS. ..... 166

III. NEOTRAGUS (HYLARNUS) BATESI . . . 166

IV. NEOTRAGUS (HYLARNUS) HARRISONI . . . 167

3. SUBGENUS NEOTRAGUS ..... 168
V. NEOTRAGUS PYGIOEUS ..... 169

SUBFAMILY ix. MADOQUIN^E . . . . . .172

I. GENUS MADOQUA ....... 172

1. SUBGENUS MADOQUA . . . . . .173

I. MADOQUA SALTIANA. ..... 174

II. MADOQUA SWAYNEI ...... 176

III. MADOQUA PIACENTINII ..... 177

IV. MADOQUA PHILLIPSI ..... 177

A. — Madoqua phillipsi phillipsi . . . 178
B. — Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis . . .179

C. — Madoqua phillipsi gubanensis . . . 181

V. MADOQUA ERLANGERI ..... 182

VI. MADOQUA CORDEAUXI ..... 182

2. SUBGENUS RHYNCHOTRAGUS .... 183
VII. MADOQUA (RHYNCHOTRAGUS) DAMARENSIS . . 184

A. — Madoqua damarensis daniarensis . . 184

B. — Madoqua damarensis variani . . . 185

VIII. MADOQUA (RHYNCHOTRAGUS) CAVENDISHI . . 185

A. — Madoqua cavendishi cavendishi . . . 186

B. — Madoqua cavendishi minor . . . 187

Xll CONTENTS

PAGE

IX. MADOQUA (KHYNCHOTRAGUS) KIRKI . . . 187
A. — Madoqua kirki kirki . . . . .188

B. — Madoqua kirki nyikse .... 189

C. — Madoqua kirki hindei .... 190

X. MADOQUA (KHYNCHOTRAGUS) THOMASI . . 191

XI. MADOQUA (EHYNCHOTRAGUS) GUENTHERI . . 191

A. — Madoqua guentheri guentheri . . . 192

B. — Madoqua guentheri wroughtoni . . . 193

C. — Madoqua guentheri smithi . . . 194

XII. MADOQUA (EHYNCHOTRAGUS) NASOGUTTATA . 194

II. GENUS DORCOTRAGUS . . . . . 195

DORCOTRAGUS MEGALOTIS ..... 195

SUBFAMILY x. EEDUNCIN^E ...... 197

I. GENUS PELEA ....... 199

PELEA CAPREOLUS ...... 199

II. GENUS EEDUNCA ....... 202

1. SUBGENUS ELEOTRAGUS ..... 203
I. EEDUNCA (ELEOTRAGUS) ARUNDINUM . . 203

A. — Eedunca arundinum arundinum . . 206

B. — Eedunca arundinum occidentalis . . 210

2. SUBGENUS EEDUNCA ...... 210

II. EEDUNCA REDUNCA . . . . . ,211

A. — Eedunca redunca redunca .... 2.13

B. — Eedunca redunca bohor .... 214

C. — Eedunca redunca wardi .... 215
D. — Eedunca redunca tohi . . . .217
E. — Eedunca redunca cottoni . . . .217
F. — Eedunca redunca nigeriensis . . .219

G. — Eedunca redunca ugandae .... 220

III. EEDUNCA FULVORUFULA ..... 220

A. — Eedunca fulvorufula fulvorufula. . . 222

B. — Eedunca fulvorufula chanleri . . . 223

C, — Eedunca fulvorufula shoana . . . 224

III. GENUS KOBUS ....... 225

1. SUBGENUS KOBUS ...... 226

I. KOBUS ELLIPSIPRYMNUS ..... 226

II. KOBUS DEFASSA ...... 232

A. — Kobus defassa defassa .... 238

B. — Kobus defassa ugandae .... 240

CONTENTS Xlll

PAGE

C. — Kobus defassa unctuosus . . . . ' 241

D. — Kobus defassa crawshayi .... 244

E. — Kobus defassa penricei .... 245

2. SUBGENUS ONOTRAGUS . . . 246

III. KOBUS (ONOTRAGUS) LECHE .... 246

IV. KOBUS (ONOTRAGUS) ROBERTSI . . . 249
V. KOBUS (ONOTRAGUS) SMITHEMANI . . 249

VI. KOBUS (ONOTRAGUS) MARIA . . . 251

8. SUBGENUS ADENOTA .... . 253

VII. KOBUS (ADENOTA) KOB . . 253

A.— Kobus kob kob 256

B. — Kobus kob nigricans . 258

0.— Kobus kob adolfi . . 259

D. — Kobus kob bahr-keetae .... 259

E. — Kobus kob ubangiensis . . . 259

F.— Kobus kob aluras . . 260

G.— Kobus kob loderi . . 260

H.— Kobus kob neumanni . 262

I. —Kobus kob notatus . . 263

J. —Kobus kob thomasi . . . 264

K. — Kobus kob nigroscapulatus . . . 265

L. — Kobus kob leucotis . . . 266

VIII. KOBUS (ADENOTA) VARDONI . . 268

A. — Kobus vardoni vardoni . . 269

B.— Kobus vardoni senganus .... 269

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE

Fig. 1.— Skull and Horns of Tora Hartebeest (Bubalis tora) . 9
,, 2.— Head of Coke's Hartebeest (Bubalis cokei) . . . 14
,, 3. — Skull and Horns of Jackson's Hartebeest (Bubalis

lelwel jacksonx) ....... 22

,, 4. — Head and neck of Northern Race of Eooi Hartebeest

(Bubalis caama selbornei) ..... 26
,, 5. — Head of Lichtenstein's Hartebeest (Bubalis lichten-

sttini) 30

,, 6. — Head of Tiang (Damaliscus Jcorrigum Hang) . . 42
,, 7. — Skull and Horns of Herola or Hunter's Hartebeest

(Damaliscus hunteri) ...... 47

,, 8. — The Gnu (Connochcetes gnu) ..... 49

,, 9. — Skull and Horns of Gnu (Connochaites gnu) . . 53
,, 10. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Yellow-
backed Duiker (Cephalophus sylvicultrix) . . 65
,, 11. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Duiker -

bok (Cephalophus grimmi) ..... 112
,, 12. — Front and Side Views of Skull of Somali Klipspringer

(Oreotragus oreotragus somalicus) . . . 129

,, 13. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Peters's

Oribi (Ourebia hastata) ..... 136

,, 14. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Kenia

Oribi (Ourebia Jcenyce) ...... 142

,, 15. — Front and Side Views of Skull of Steinbok (Rapliicerus

campestris) ........ 150

,, 16. — Livingstone's Suni (Neotragus [Nesotragus] living-
stonianus). A, Male, changing coat, and female.

B, Female 163

,, 17. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Zulu race

of Livingstone's Suni (Neotragus [Nesotragus]

living stonianus zuluensis) ..... 165
,, 18. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Bates'

Dwarf Antelope (Neotragus [Hylarnus] batesi) . 167
,, 19. — Front and Side Views of Skull with one Horn, and

without lower jaw, of the Royal Antelope (Neotragus

pygmceus) 171

,, 20. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of Harrar Race

of Phillips' Dik-Dik (Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis) 180
,, 21. — Front and Side View of Skull and Horns of

Cavendish's Dik-Dik (Madoqua [Ehynchotragus]

cavendishi) . . . . . . . .186

xvi LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE

Fig. 22. — Front and Side Views of Skull and Horns of the Beira

(Dorcotragus megalotis) . . . . . 196

,, 23.— Skull and Horns of the Vaal Ehebok (Pelea capreolus) 201
,, 24. — Head of Reedbuck (Redunca [Eleotragus] arundinum] 207
., 25. — Skull and Horns of Eastern Bohor Reedbuck (Redunca

redunca wardi) . . . . . . .216

-Head of Sudani Bohor Reedbuck (Redunca redunca

cottoni), from Mongalla ..... 218

-Skull and Horns of Uganda Defassa (Kobus defassa

ugandca) ........ 233

-Skull and Horns of Shari Defassa (Kobus defassa

unctuosusC?)} 243

., 29. — Head of the Lechwe (Kobus [Onotragus] leche) . . 248
,, 30. — Skull and Horns of Mrs. Gray's Lechwe (Kobus

[Onotragus] maria) ...... 252

-Skull and Horns of Western Kob (Kobus bob) . . 257
-Skull (wanting lower jaw) and Horns of Loder's Kob
(Kobus kob loderi). (From " Proc. Zool. Soc." 1899,

p. 983) 261

., 33. — Head and neck of Albert Nyanza Kob (Kobus Jcob
neumanni.) (From a photograph lent by Rowland
Ward, Ltd.) 262

CATALOGUE

OF

UNGULATE S

VOL. II.

FAMILY BOVLD^E (continuejfl .\ :

KEY TO SUBFAMILIES OF BOVIDJE INCLUDED IN
THIS VOLUME.

c. Horns (when twisted) heteronymous (vol. i,

p. 10).

a. Horns in both sexes, relatively large,
in females ; never in the form of
relatively short straight spikes.
Size, medium or large.

a' . Horns fibrous, depressed, with opposed
edges of bases forming parallel
approximated lines on forehead... Ovibovince (vol. i).

I'. Horns close-grained and more or less
nearly cylindrical, at least at tips,
and opposed edges of bases not
forming parallel lines on forehead.

a". Horns conical and gently or
strongly recurved, or bent
downwards and outwards at
bases, and finally directed up-
wards; never strongly ridged.
Tail (except in two species of
Nemorhwdus) short Bupicaprimv (vol. i) .

62. Horns sublyrate, strongly ridged,
and often sharply bent near
middle, or smooth and
directed at first outwards or
downwards. Tail relatively

long Bubalince, p. 2.

II. B

2 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

b. Horns present or absent in females ; when

present in both sexes, spike-shaped.

a'. Horns in the form of relatively short

straight spikes. Face - glands

present ; tail short or medium.

Size small to large.

a2. Horns frequently present in female.
Face-glands forming a line on
a bare streak. Head crested.

Size medium or small Ceplialophince,

62, Horns (except in one race of Oreo- [p. 59.

tragus) normally absent in
female. Face - glands not
forming a line on a bare streak.
Head not crested. Size small.

a3. Hoofs truncated Oreotraginw, p. 122.

fe3. Hoofs normal.

a4. Muzzle with large bare area
, „ ., ., t „ « '.', reaching hind angle of

1 .* * •'.;• • \, * nostrils Neotragince, p. 131 .

,»tf. Muzzle with small bare area,
• „•*, ^ " not reachingmuch beyond

• *•'•• * " " '"'" front angle of nostrils Madoquince, p. 172.

b'. Horns (except in Pelea) not in the
form of relatively short straight
spikes ; absent in females. Face-
glands and (except in Pelea) foot-
glands wanting; tail medium.
Size, medium or large Reduncinw, p. 197.

SUBFAMILY v.— BUBALI1SLE.

SIZE large. Tail medium or long, terminally crested or
clothed with long hairs. Muzzle with a small bare muffle
and large valvular nostrils, of which the lower margins are
clothed with short bristly hairs. Face-glands placed near
eyes, of an invaginated type, not forming a line of pores ;
foot-glands in a deep interdigital cleft, with the orifice
forming a long slit bordered above by a sharply defined line
in fore-feet, absent or rudimentary in hind feet ; apparently no
glands in groin. Teats 2 or 4. Lateral hoofs well developed.
Horns heteronymous, present in both sexes, relatively
large in females ; of moderate length, and either ridged,
upright, and doubly or singly curved, with smooth tips, or
smooth throughout, and directed at first mainly outwards or
downwards. Skull with shallow lachrymal depressions, but
no lachrymal vacuities or supraorbital pits. Upper molar
hypsodont, with narrow crowns, and no inner accessory

i -, r HALING 3

column. Vertebrae: usually c. 7, D. 13, L. 6, s. 5, ca. 12-14,
but in Connoclicetes gnu D. 14.

The distributional area embraces practically the whole of
Africa, where the country is suitable to these antelopes. In
the Pliocene it included India.

The three genera here recognised are distinguished as
follows : —

A. Horns rising more or less vertically, ringed, with

smooth tips ; face-gland with a single orifice
leading into a hair-lined tube, which dips into
the substance of the gland.

a. Horns doubly curved, more or less sharply

angulated, mounted on an elevated pedicle,

and face abnormally elongated Bubalis.

b. Horns simply curved, without sharp angulation,

not supported on a pedicle, and face of

normal proportions Damaliscus.

B. Horns directed mainly outwards or downwards at

starting, smooth throughout ; face-glands
without central orifice and tube, their free
surface consisting of a sparsely haired area
of skin .. .. Connochcetes.

I. Genus BUBALIS.

Bubalis, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, p. 154, 1814 ; Sclater and

Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 5, 1894; PococJc, Proc.

Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 900.
Alcelaphus, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75 ; Butimeyer,

Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877.
Danialis and Acronotus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol.

iv, pp. 343 and 345, 1827.
Sigmoceros, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 4, 1912.

Large ungainly antelopes, with abnormally long faces,
and horns, which are strongly ridged for the greater part of
their length, and doubly curved, with a more or less marked
11 elbow " at commencement of smooth tips, rising in a more or
less vertical direction from a cylindrical pedicle surmounting
the fronto-occipital region. Neck without mane, tail reaching
below hocks, moderately haired, generally with a crest of
long hair on upper side of terminal half ; a whorl of hair on
forehead, and hair on middle line of face below this directed
downwards to a point a short distance above nose, where
there is a second whorl ; face-glands large, with a central

B 2

4 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

orifice leading to a hairy tube, usually tufted. General
colour uniform brownish, yellowish, or rufous, with or
without dark markings on face and limbs.

Distribution co-extensive with that of subfamily.

The eight species here recognised may be briefly diagnosed
as follows : —

A. Horn-pedicle relatively short; horns U-shaped

when viewed full-face.

a. Size small, shoulder-height about 3 feet

8 inches B. buselaphus.

b. Size larger, shoulder-height from about 4 feet

2 inches to 4 feet 6 inches B. major.

B. Horn-pedicle of medium height ; horns more or

less of an inverted bracket-shape (• — . — •).

a. Horns relatively slender, with middle portion

inclining upwards B. tora.

b. Horns stouter, typically with middle portion

horizontal B. cokei.

c. Horns more or less intermediate in form between

those of B and D B. neumanni.

D. Horn-pedicle very tall ; horns V-shaped in full

face.

a. A dark face-blaze, dark markings on shoulders,

thighs, and fore-legs, and a whitish patch

on sides of buttocks B. caama.

b. Dark and light markings absent, or represented

only by small patches on face and fore-legs B. lelwel.
Horn-pedicle very short and broad ; horns much

incurved before sub-terminal elbow . . B. lichtensteini.

I. BUBALTS BUSELAPHUS.

Antilope buselaphus, Pallas, Misc. Zool. p. 7, 1766.

Antilope bubalis, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. fasc. i, p. 12, 1767, xii,
p. 16, 1777 ; Midler, Natursyst, Suppl. p. 54, 1776 ; Erxleben, Syst.
Eegn. Anim. vol. i, p. 291, 1777 ; Zimmermann, Spec. Zool. Geogr.
p. 544, 1777, Geogr. Geschichte, vol. ii, p. 122, 1780 ; Gatterer,
Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 83, 1780 ; Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 143,
1785 ; Schreber, Saugthiere, pi. cclxxvii, B, 1787 ; Gmelin, Syst.
Nat. vol. i, p. 188, 1788 ; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 314,
1792 ; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrdge, p. 633, 1792 ; Bechstein, Ueber-
sichtvierfuss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 95, 1799, vol. ii, p. 645, 1800 ; Shaw,
Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 331, 1801 ; Virey, Nouv. Diet. Hist.
Nat. vol. iii, p. 525, 1803'; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 114,
1806 ; Illiger, Prodr. Syst. Mamm. p. 106, 1811 ; Lichtenstein,
Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 163, 1814 ; G. Fischer, Zoognosia,
vol. iii, p. 417, 1814; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. -vii,
p. 220, 1815; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 241, 1816; Des-
marest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 195, 1816 ; Goldfuss,
Mamm. vol. ii, p. 466, Schreber's Saugthiere, vol. v, p. 1171, 1820 ;

nrr.AUN.i; 5

Schinz, Cuvicrs Thierreich, vol. i, p. 390, 1821 ; F. Cuvier,
Hist. X<d. Mdinni. vol. iii, livr. li, 1825 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm.
p. 381, 1827, Nouv. Tab!. Regne Anim. p. 180, 1842 ; /. B. Fischer,
Synop. Mamm. p. 473, 1829; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37,
Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Wagner, Schrebcr's
Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 469, 1844, vol. v, p. 445, 1855 ; Schinz,
Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 443, 1845 ; Giebel. Sdugethiere, p. 296,
1855 ; Riitimcyer, Abli. schwciz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877.

Cerophorus (Alcelaphus) bubalis, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom.
1816, p. 75.

Damalis bubalis, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 347,
vol. v, p. 3li2, 1827.

Acronotus bubalis, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 221,
1833; H. Smith, Nat. Libr. vol. iv, p. 174, 1836; Gray, List
Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 157, 1843, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 58,
1847.

Bubalus mauritanicus, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 139.

Bubalis mauretanica, Sundevall, K. SvensJca Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 208, 1846 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guinc, p. 195, 1853 ;
Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 195, 1893.

Boselaphus bubalis, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 233, 1846, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 139, Knowsley Menagerie,
p. 20, pi. xx, 1850 ; Blyth, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 51.

AlceJaphus bubalis, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 123, 1852,
Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 43, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants
Brit. Mus. p. 114, 1873 ; Tristram, The Sahara, p. 387, 1860,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, p. 86 ; Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876,
p. 643 ; Riitimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877 ;
Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix)
p. 139, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (ibid. vol. xi) p. 171,
1892; Lataste, Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, vol. xxxix, p. 2^4,
1885.

Bubalis bubalis, Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugetiere, vol. iii, p. 217, 1880,
ed. 3, p. 355, 1891 ; partim.

(?) Alcelaphus bubalis, var. tunisianus, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit.
Mus. p. 123, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 44, 1872.

Alcelaphus bubale, Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 243,
1862.

Alcelaphus bubalinus, Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals,
p. 335, 1891.

Bubalis buselaphus, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,
p. 7, pi. i, 1894 ; Rothschild, Novit. Zool. vol. viii, p. 177, 1901 ;
Anderson and de Winton, Zool. Egypt, Mamm. p. 336, 1902 ;
Renshaw, Final Nat. Hist. Essays, p. 149. 1907 ; Hartert, Novit.
Zool. vol. xx, p. 35, 1913.

Bubalis boselaphus, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 905, 1899 ;
Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game
Animals of Africa, p. 94, 1908 ; Bryden, Great and Small Game
of Africa, p. 134, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6,
p. 120, 1910 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 900.

Typical locality probably Morocco.

Smallest of the group, shoulder-height 3 feet 7 inches
to 3 feet 8 inches. Horns mounted on a short pedicle,

G CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

diverging in a regular (J-SDaPe(l curve, with little backward
inclination of tips. Colour uniform pale rufous or yellowish
fawn, with no dark markings on face or limbs, but a pair of
indistinct greyish patches on muzzle ; no whitish on lower
part of rump ; only terminal tuft of tail black. Approximate
basal length of skull 13 inches ; maximum breadth 4f inches.
Good horns may measure from 13J to 15 inches along front
curve, the maximum recorded length being 15 4 inches.

Information is lacking with regard to the distribution of
this apparently rare species in North Africa. It has been
stated by Tristram that this hartebeest, which has long since
been extinct in Egypt, exists in Syria and Arabia, and in
support of this statement the authors of the Book of Antelopes
refer to a pair of horns obtained by Tristram from the Arabs
of Syria " apparently referable to a female of this species/'
The present writer has, however, been unable to find any
other testimony that this, or any other, hartebeest inhabits
south-western Asia.

641, a. Skin, mounted. North Africa.

Presented by the Zoological Society, 1855,

98. 6. .16. 1. Head, mounted. North Africa.

Presented ly the Duke of Bedford, K.G., 1898.

59. 2. 10. 1. Skin and skeleton, female. North Africa.
Presented ly the Zoological Society, 1857.

641, e. Horns. North Africa. No history.

46. 10. 30. 153. Skin young, mounted. Tunis.

Purchased, 1846.

II. BUBALIS MAJOR.

Boselaphus major, Blyth, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 52.

Bubalis major, Ward, Records of Big Game* p. 62, 1892, ed. 6, p. 121,
1910 ; Matschie, Mitth. deutsch. Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, pt. 3, p. 17,
1893 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 196, 1893, Great and Small
Game of Africa, p. 134, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 96,
1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 11, 1894 ;
Arnold, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 135, 1899 ;
de Winton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 358, 1899 ;
Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxiii, p. 18, 1901 ; Alexander,
From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 390, 1907.

* This name like others in the sequel given as dating from Ward's
book were first used in the Field by the present writer in articles
subsequently republished in Horns and Hoofs.

BUBALIN.E 7

Typical locality probably Gambia.

Larger than the preceding species, standing as much as
4£ feet at the withers, with more massive horns, which are
more sharply bent near the middle of their length, and have
long, smooth tips. General colour uniform rufous fawn,
ranging from deep rufous almost to greyish fawn, with the
face deep brown, and dark brown or blackish streaks on the
fore-legs below the knees, and the tail-tuft black. The
record horns measure 26f inches along the front curve, with
a girth of 13J, and a tip-to-tip interval of 6£ inches.

The range extends from Gambia to Nigeria and the
interior of the Gamer uns, Togoland, etc.

13. 3. 8. 3. Skin, mounted. Leri-n-duchi, North-eastern
Zaria, Northern Nigeria.

Presented ly Malcolm P. Hyatt, Esq., 1913.

76. 1. 4. 8. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. West
Africa. Purchased, 1876.

95. 8. 25. 1-3. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature,

and skull, with horns, and skin, female. Lokoja, at junction

of Benue with Niger. Presented by Lieut -Col.

Sir F. J. D. Lugard, G.C.M.G., C.B., 1895.

60. 1. 10. 19. Skull, with horns. West Africa.

Purchased, 1860.

64. 7. 16. 1. Skull. West Africa; collected by Dalton.

Purchased, 1864

69. 2. 9. 1. Frontlet and horns. West Africa ; received
from E. Blyth, Esq. Co-type. Purchased, 1869.

69. 2. 9. 2. Frontlet and horns, female. Same locality
and collector. Co-type. Same history.

1987, e. Frontlet and horns, female, West Africa.

No history.

92. 11. 4. 1. Frontlet and horns. Southern Nigeria ;
collected by E. Bower, Esq. Purchased, 1892.

99. 6. 15. 14. Skull, with horns, and skin. Northern
Territory of Gold Coast. Presented by Capt. W. Giffard, 1899.

1. 4. 3. 5. Skull, with horns, immature. Nigeria ;
collected by Major Wilkinson.

Presented by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1901.

4. 7. 9. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Zungeru,
Northern Nigeria. Presented ly Capt. H. Cock, 1904.

8 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

4. 7. 9. 2. Skull, with horns, and head- skin, female.
Same locality. Same history.

4. 7. 9. 3. Frontlet and horns. Momaji, Northern Nigeria.

Same history.

5. 5. 10. 2-3. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. Wase,
northern Nigeria. Presented ~by Dr. H. K. W. Kumm, 1905.

7. 7. 8. 248. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Ibi,
northern Nigeria ; Alexander- Gosling Expedition.

Presented ly the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907.

7. 7. 8. 249. Skull, with horns, and skin. Ibi ; Alexander-
Gosling Expedition. Same history,

7. 7. 8. 250. Skull, with horns, female. Nigeria (?) ;
Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Same history.

7. 7. 8. 251. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Ibi ;
Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Same history.

7. 7. 8. 261. Skin. Ibi ; same collection. Same history.

11. 6. 10. 109. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper
Gambia. Presented ly G. Fenwick Owen, JSsq., 1911.

11. 6. 10. 110. Skull, with horns. Upper Gambia.

Same history.

1. 9. 15. 1. Skin. Nigeria; collected by Capt. H. A.
Porter. Presented by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1901.

8.10.15.1. Body-skin. Northern Territories, Gold Coast.
Presented ly G. Dudgeon, Esq., 1908.

13. 8. 3. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia.
Presented by G. Blaine, Esq., 1913.

13. 8. 3. 2. Head-skin. Same locality. Same history.

III. BUBALIS TOEA.

Alcelaphus tora, Gray, Nature, vol. viii, p. 364, 1873, Ann. Mag. Nat.

Hist. ser. 4, vol. xii, p. 341, 1873, Hand-List Ruminants Brit.

Mus. p. 172, 1873; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, pp. 729

and 762, 1875, p. 529; Rutimcyer, Abh. scliweiz. pal. Ges.

vol. iv, p. 47, 1877; JentinJc, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus.

Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 139, 1877, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (ibid.

vol. xi) p. 171, 1892; Flower and LydekJcer, Study of Mammals,

p. 335, 1891.
Boselaphus bubalis, Heuglin, Nova Acta, Ac. Cces. Leop.-Car. vol. xxx,

pt. 2, p. 21, 1863, nee Antilope bubalis, Pallas.
Acronotus bubalis, Heuglin, Reise Nordost AfriJca, vol. ii, p. 122,

1877, nee Antilope bubalis, Pallas.
Bubalis bubalis, Brehm, Thierleben, Saugethierc. vol. iii, p. 217, 1880,

ed. 3, p. 355, 1891 ; partim.

BUBALLN.K

9

Bubalis tora, Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 59, 1892, ed. 6, p. 128,
1910; Lydckkcr, Horn* and Hoof 9, p. 198, 1898, (treat and Small
Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 100,
1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 15, 1894 ;
Rothschild, Powett-Cotton'i Sporting Trip through Abyssinia,
p. 461, 1902.

TORA.

Typical locality Abyssinia, to which country, together
with the lower part of the Blue Nile basin, this species
appears to be restricted.

FIG. 1. — SKULL AND HORNS OF TORA HARTEBEEST (Bubalis tora).

Size, typically, much the same as in the preceding species ;
the shoulder-height ranging, it is stated, from 4 to 4J feet.
Horns, which surmount a pedicle of medium height, in the
form of a wide inverted bracket, and very slender ; general
colour ranging from pale fulvous, with or without a
distinct dirty white rurnp-patch to deep rufous ; tail-tuft
black.

10 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

The local races are distinuished as follows :—

A. A light rump-patch, but no dark face-blaze.

a. Horns distinctly bracket-shaped, and forming

an obtuse angle at bend, with divergent

tips ................................................... B. t. tora.

b. Horns intermediate between a and c, with

tips directed straight backwards ............. B. t. digglei.

c. Horns less distinctly bracket-shaped, and

forming nearly a right angle at bend, with

convergent tips .................................. B. t. rahatensis.

B. No light rump-patch, but a dark face-blaze.

a. Horns directed forwards and then inwards ;

general colour deep rufous .................... B. t. swaynei.

b. Horns intermediate between those of tora and

swaynei ; general colour deeper rufous ... B. t. noacki.

The range includes Abyssinia and Somaliland.

A. — Bubalis tora tora.

Bubalis tora typica, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa,

p. 133, 1899.
Bubalis tora tora, Rothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. 12,.

p. 576, 1913.

Typical locality Abyssinia.

Horns distinctly bracket-shaped, with but slight inward
inclination, and forming (in a front view) an obtuse angle
at the bend, after which the direction of the tips is out-
wards ; general colour palish fulvous with rufous chin ; a
light rump-patch ; limbs also light except front of fore-legs.
Skull relatively slender and light; basal length 15f, and
maximum width 5| inches. Fine horns measure from 20 to
22J along front curve, with a girth of from 9 to 10, and a
tip-to-tip interval of from 10 to just over 22 inches.

73. 8. 29. 1. Skin, mounted, with skull (figured in
Gray's Hand-List, pi. xli) in head. Dembelas, Abyssinia.
Co-type. Purchased, 1873.

73. 8. 29. 2. Skin, mounted, female, with skull (figured
by Gray, loc. cit.) in head. Dembelas. Co-type. Same history.

13. 11. 13. 1. Head, mounted. Binder Valley,. White
Nile ; collected by Capt. M. E. T. Gunthorpe.

Presented ~by Col. E. J. Gunthorpe, 1913.

13. 11. 13. 2. Head, mounted, female. Same locality
and collector. Same history.

BUF.ALIX.I; 11

<SS. 7. 4. 1. Head, mounted. Abyssinia.

Purchased, 1888..
SS. 7. 4. 2. Skull, with horns (fig. 1). Abyssinia.

Same history.

73. 8. 29. 3. Skeleton, mounted, with horns. Dembelas.

Purchased, 1873..
7:>. '1. '24. 12. Skin, skull, and horns. Dembelas.

Same history.

7.'5. 2. 24. 13. Skin, skull, and horns, young. Dembelas.
Milk-canines exist in skull. Same history.

94. 4. 26. 1. Skull, with horns, Sudan.

Purchased (Ward), 1894.
5. 9. 24. 4. Skull, with horns. Sennar.

Presented by Capt. E. dc H. Smith, 1905.

B. — Bubalis tora digglei.

Bubalis tora cligglei, Rothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii,
p. 576, 1913.

Typical locality Keili, northwards along the Of at River
on the Sudan-Abyssinian frontier.

Type in Tring Museum.

Horns intermediate in form between those of A and Ct.
with tips directed straight backwards ; general colour dark
fulvous, tending to rufous, with hair of face-glands and chin
black.

1. 7. 6. 12. Skull, with horns, and skin, provisionally
referred to this race. Hawash Valley, Abyssinia.

Presented by E. A. Pease, Esq., 1901.

C. — Bubalis tora rahatensis.

Bubalis tora rahatensis, O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1906,
p. 246 ; LydeTcker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 100, 1908 ; Ward,
Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 123, 1910.

Typical locality Ambu, Rahat, Abyssinia, whence the
range extends to middle part of Blue Mle Valley.

Type the head figured on p. 334 of Powell-Cotton's
Sporting Trip through Abyssinia; now in the collection of
the author of that work at Quex Park, Birchington.

Horns less distinctly bracket-shaped than in typical race,

12 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

with the points inclining inwards, and the bend nearly at
right angles.

94. 4. 26. 1. Skull, provisionally referred to this race.

Nile Valley. Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1894.

D.— Bubalis tora swaynei.

Bubalis swaynei, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892. p. 98, pi. v, and
pp. 118, 257 ; Swayne, ibid. p. 303, Seventeen Trips through
Somaliland, ed.2,p. 305, 1900, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 144, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 60, 1892, ed. 6,
p. 125, 1910; LydeJcker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 198, 1893, Great
and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals of
Africa, p. 101, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes,
vol. i, p. 21, pi. ii, 1894 ; Drake-Brockman, Mammals of
Somali, p. 57, 1910.

Bubalis tora swaynei, Rothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8,
vol. xii, p. 576, 1813.

SIG.

Typical locality the " Hand " of Central Somaliland.

Somewhat smaller than the typical race (shoulder-height
about 3 feet, 11 inches), and distinguished by the presence
of dark markings on the face and Kmbs, the richer body-
colouring, and the absence of a whitish rump-patch. Horn-
tips directed forwards and then inwards ; general colour deep
rufous brown, finely speckled with white, due to the white
tips of the hairs; face, except a chocolate band just below
line of eyes, gland-tufts, chin, shoulders, fore-legs above
knees, thighs, a patch on inside of hind-legs above hocks and
.an indistinct one on outer side, hind surfaces of pasterns, and
upper surface of terminal half of tail, with its crest, black ;
hams paler than back, but root of tail and legs (except where
black) coloured like back. Fine horns measure from 19 to
just over 20 inches along front curve, with a girth of from
9 to lOJ, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 16 to 27 inches.

93. 4. 7. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Somaliland.

Presented ly Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1893.

86. 1. 25. 4. Body-skin. Near Berbera; collected by
Herr J. Menges. Same donor, 1886.

92. 5. 10. 1. Head-skin, skull, and horns. Somaliland;
•collected by Col. H. G. C. Svvayne. Type.

Same donor, 1892.

93. 12. 1. 5-6. Two skins and skulls, with horns.
Ogaden, Somaliland. Same donor, 1873.

HI) BALING 13

E.— Bubalis tora noacki.

Bubalis noacki, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 93.
Bubalis swaynei noacki, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 101,
1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 125, 1910.

Typical locality Eastern Somaliland.

General colour deeper rufous, tending to purplish red,
with the black face-markings indistinct and less denned
than in preceding race, but similar limb-markings ; horns
intermediate between those of swaynci and tora.

Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann.

6. 11. 1. 54. Skull, with horns, and skin. Arusi-
Gallaland. Presented ly W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906.

IV. BUBALIS COKEI.

Alcelaphus cokei, Giinther, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. xiv,
p. 426, 1884 ; Thomson, Masailand, p. 220, 1885 ; Hunter,
Willoughby's East Africa, p. 288, pi. i, fig. 1, 1889; Lugard,
East Africa, vol. i, p. 532, 1893.

Bubalis cokei, Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 61, 1892, ed. 6, p. 127,
1910; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 197, 1893, Great and
Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 102, 1908; Jackson, Big- Game Shooting (Badminton Libr.),
vol. i, p. 285, 1894 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes,
vol. i, p. 27, pi. iii, 1894 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,
1905, p. 95 (cookei) ; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p.
110, 1895 ; A. H. Neumann, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 147, 1899 ; Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. vol. xvi, p. 155,
1906; Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 2,
1910 ; Lonnlerg, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5,
p. 149, 1912.

KOXGONI.

Typical locality Usagara, German East Africa. Size
medium ; shoulder-height 4 feet to 4 feet 1 inch. Horns
(typically) bracket-shaped, on an average shorter and stouter
than in the preceding species, with a smaller tip-to-tip interval,
and their middle segment horizontal and equal in length
to the smooth tips. General colour pale buffish fulvous, with
brownish chin, and buttocks somewhat paler than back ; tail
long, reaching middle of shanks, and its black crest extending
over about the terminal three-fourths ; fringes of face-glands
shorter than in tora. Basal length of skull 14, maximum

14 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

width 5^ inches. Good horns measure from 19 to 21 inches
along front curve, with a girth of from 9 to 10J, and a tip-
to-tip interval of from 13 to 18J inches.

FIG. 2. — HEAD OF COKE'S HABTEBEEST (B^lbalis coJcei).

The distributional area extends from Usagara northwards
to Kilimanjaro, Masailand, and the neighbourhood of Lake
Rudolf.

The races are distinguishable as follows : —

A. Horns distinctly bracket-shaped, with middle

segment horizontal.

a. General colour bright fawn, paler on buttocks B. c. cokei.

b. General colour darker and less rufous, with

buttocks but little lighter than back B. c. rotliscliildi .

c. General colour lighter and more buffish than

in #, and frontal rufous replaced by tawny B. c. Jeongoni.

B. Horns less distinctly bracket-shaped, and ap-

proximating to those of the lelwel group ...... B. c. nakurce.

BUBALIX.I: 15

A.— Bubalis cokei cokei.

General characters those of the species.
Typical locality Usagara.

92. 10. 18. 3. Skin, mounted. Kilimanjaro district,
German East Africa; collected by Sir F. J. Jackson,
K.C.M.G., C.B., and figured by Sclater and Thomas, op. cit.,
pi. iii. Purchased, 1892.

84. 12. 15. 1. Head-skin and skull, with horns. Mlali
Plains, near Mpwapwa. Type.

Presented ly Col the Hon. W. C. W. Coke, 1884.

90. 3. 27. 8. Skin and skull, with horns. Mountains of

Taita ; collected by Mr. J. Wray. Purchased, 1890.

90. 3. 27. 9. Skull, with horns. Same locality and

collector. Same history.

4. 7. 2. 2. Head, mounted. East Africa (fig. 2).

Bequeathed ~by H. Andrew, Esq., 1904.

94. 5. 4. 2. Skull, with horns. Mikindu Plateau, east

of Machakos, B. E. Africa. Presented by Lieut. -Col.

Sir F. J. D. Lugard, G.C.M.G., C B., 1894.

10. 6. 10. 1. Skull, with horns. Lanjora, B. E. Africa.

Presented ly Dr. W. J. Ansonje, 1910.
10. 6. 10. 1. Skull, with horns. Nairobi, B. E. Africa.

Same history.

2. 6. 15. 1. Skull, with horns, wanting lower jaw. El
Donyo-eb-Urru, Ngonini, Rift Valley, B. E. Africa.

Presented ly C. S. Betton, Esq., 1902.
2. 6. 15. 2. Skull, with horns. Same locality.

Same history.

2. 11. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Kilimakin,
Ukamba. Presented by E. Crawshay, Esq., 1902.

2. 11. 18. 2. Skull, with horns. Same locality.

Same history.

1. 8. 9. 61. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Naivasha,
B. E. Africa.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.
1. 8. 9. 62. Skull, with horns, and head-skin, female.
Naivasha. Same history.

10. 4. 20. 3-4. Head skin and skull, with horns.

Same donor, 1912.

4. 5. 5. 5-6. Two skulls, one female, with horns. Atlii
Plains, B. E. Africa. Presented ly C. B. Storey, Esq., 1904.

16 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

B.— Bubalis cokei rothschildi.

Bubalis rothschildi, O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905,

p. 94.
Bubalis cokei rothschildi, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 103,

1908.

Typical locality Adoshebai Valley, northwards of Lake
Siefanie.

Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann.

General colour darker and less distinctly rufous than in
typical race, with buttocks and hind-legs differing less in
colour from back, and flanks darker and yellower ; scarcely
any dark hairs on chin ; horns approximating to those of
swaynei noacki, but more rounded, with the tips directed
more backwardly.

No specimen in collection.

C. — Bubalis cokei nakurse.

Bubalis nakurae, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 6,
1912.

Typical locality Nakuru, B. E. Africa.

According to its describer, " similar to neumanni, of the
Lake Eudolf district, but differing by its lighter body-
coloration and narrower or less broadly bracket-shaped
horns ; similar to cokei in size and general body-colour, but
feet with a black band bordering hoof-clefts, and horns
narrower and less bracket-shaped."

In a later paragraph it is stated that these hartebeests
have the horns less widely spread than those of neumanni,
and " more or less intermediate between those of cokei and
jacksoni in shape, and on this account they have usually been
considered hybrids between those species by sportsmen.
This, however, is not the case, although they occupy a
somewhat intermediate geographical position. They are
found on the north-western edge of the range of cokei, and
they are really surrounded by this species and actually
removed by many miles from the nearest jacksoni. The
Nakuru race is known only by a single herd, which inhabits
the country lying between Lakes Nakuru and Elmentaita.
From neumanni, which occupies the region bordering the

WT.AUNM-: 17

north-eastern shores of Lake lludolf, they are separated by
several hundred miles."

That this hartebeest (of which the type is in the U.S.
National Museum) is not entitled to rank as a species, may
be considered certain, as the under-mentioned specimens
show an almost complete gradation to typical skulls of cokei.

1. 8. 9. 60. Skull, with horns. Nakuru. The horns are
intermediate in character between those of typical nakurcc
and those of the next specimens.

Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1907.

4. 11. 5. 32. Skull, with horns. Nakuru. The horns of
this and the next four specimens appear to agree with the
description of those of the type.

Presented ~by Capt. R. Meincrtzhagen, 1904.

4. 11. 5. 33. Skull, with horns. Nakuru. Same history.

4. 11. 5. 34. Skull, with horns. Nakuru. Same history.

4. 11. 5. 35-36. Two skulls, with horns. Nakuru.

Same history.

D.— Bubalis cokei kongoni.

Bubalis cokei kongoni, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8,
p. 5, 1912.

Typical locality Loita Plains, Southern Guaso-nyiro
Valley, B. E. Africa.

Type in U.S. National Museum.

Stated to differ from the typical race by its lighter colour,
which is more buffish and less rufous on the body, while the
rufous of the forehead of the latter is replaced by tawny.
The skull is also stated to be, on the average, wider, with
shorter and wider horn-pedicles (width of latter 94 cm.,
length 114 cm.).

This is a highland race, whereas the typical form is a
lowland animal.

No specimen in collection.

n.

18 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

V. BUBALiS NEUMANNI.

Bubalis neumanni, Rothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xx,
p. 376, 1897, Novit. Zool. vol. iv, p. 377, pi. xiv, 1897, vol. viii,
p. 177, 1901 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. iv,
p. 223, 1900 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 95 ;
Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 109, 1908 ; Ward, Records
of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 133, 1910.

Bubalis tora neumanni, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 133, 1899 ; A. H. Neumann, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 141, 1899; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8,
p. 17, 1912.*

Typical locality north-east of Lake Eudolf.

Type in Tring Museum.

In tliis species, which may be only a race of cokei, the
horns are intermediate to a certain extent between those of
the tora-cokei and those of the lelwel-caama group. Those
of the male are thicker and less divergent, with less distinct
ridges, than those of tora, while they do not present the
distinct V'snaPe characteristic of lelwel. Their tips are
directed inwards and backwards. General colour fulvous
fawn, richer on the back than on flanks, and much paler
on under-parts ; chin blackish, and tail-tuft black.

97. 11. 22. 1. Plaster cast of skull and horns. Original
from district north-east of Lake Eudolf. Type.

Presented ly A. H. Neumann, Esq., 1897.

97. 11. 22. 2. Head-skin, on cast of skull and horns,
female. Same locality. Para type. Same history.

The following East African specimens belong to the type
regarded, together with the Nakuru hartebeest, by Oscar
Neumann (Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1895, p. 95) as repre-
senting hybrids between B. cokei and B. lehvel jacksoni.

4. 7. 2. 1. Head, mounted. East Africa. Presents com-
paratively little difference from the type of B. neumanni.

Bequeathed ly H. Andrew, Esq., 1904.

2. 2. 12. 1. Skin, mounted, female. Near Lake Baringo>
B. E. Africa. Presented ty J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1902.

* Heller does not actually use this name, but states that the horns
of the type specimens of this hartebeest are " practically the shape of
those of tora, of which neumanni appears to be a race."

BUBALLN.K 1 '•>

VI. BUBALIS LELWEL.

Acronotus lelwel, Heuglin, Eeise Nor dost- Afrika, vol. ii, p. 124,
1877 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1896, p. 78, 1905,
p. 95 (lelvel).

Bubalis lelwel, Rothschild, Novit. Zool. vol. viii, p. 177, 1901 ;
Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 456 ; Alexander, From
Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 390, 1907 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of
Africa,^. 107, 1908, Supplement to do. p. 6, 1911 ; Ward, Records
of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 131, 1910 ; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect.
vol. lx, no. 8, p. 8, 1912.

LELWEL.

Typical locality west bank of Nile in Jur district,
Egyptian Sudan.

A large species, standing about 4 feet 4 inches at the
shoulder. Horns surmounting a very high pedicle, and
forming a V when viewed from in front, with the tips bent
backwards at rather more than a right angle ; general colour
deep foxy red, either uniform throughout (with the exception
of the chin and tail-tuft), or with a certain amount of dark
markings on face, spine, and front of fore-legs. The tips of
the horns may either converge or diverge to a slight degree.

The species is typified by horns obtained by Heuglin in
the Egyptian Sudan, but ranges southward to the north of
Lake Baringo and Uganda.

The races are characterised as follows : — *

A. Small dark markings on face, back, and limbs — B. I. insignis.

B. Dark markings on lower parts of limbs.

a. Horns convergent B. 1. lelwel.

b. Horns less depressed, convergent or diver-

gent B. I. tschadensis.

c. Horns parallel or convergent ; colour a

lighter rufous yellow than in any other

race B. I. roosevelti.

c. No dark markings, except on chin.

a. Horns divergent ; general colour bright

rufous yellow B. I. jacksoni.

b. Horns parallel or convergent ; general colour

a purer and darker rufous yellow B.I. niediecki.

* B. I. kenice, Kenia district, Heller, Smithson, Misc. Collect.
vol. Ixi, no. 17, p. 3, 1913, was described too late for inclusion in this
list.

C 2

20 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

A.— Bubalis lelwel lelwel.

Bubalis lelwel typica, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 107, 1908.
Bubalis lelwel lelwel, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi,
p. 265, 1913.

Typical locality Jur Valley, on west side of Nile, Sudan.

Typified by horns collected by Heuglin.

Horns relatively short, heavily ridged at base, with the tips
slightly divergent ; and, according to Heller, dark markings
on front of legs, although Neumann stated that the entire
colour is uniform.

0. 6. 4. 1. Imperfect skull and horns. From a tomb at
Abadiyeh, Lower Egypt ; collected by Prof. Flinders-Petrie.
Presented by Committee of Egyptian Exploration Fund, 1900.

11. 8. 14. 28—29. Two similar specimens. Same locality.

Same donors, 1911.

59. 9. 23. 2. Skull, female. Dour (? = Jur, or Djur),
Bahr-el-Ghazal ; collected by Consul J. Petherick. The
reference of both this and the following specimens to the
present race is provisional. Purchased, 1859.

84. 5. 1. 8. Frontlet and horns, female. Bahr-el-Ghazal ;
collected by Herr F. Bohndorff. Purchased, 1884.

7. 7. 8. 247. Skin. Between Tonga Island and Lake No,
Bahr-el-Ghazal ; collected during Alexander-Gosling Expedi-
tion. Presented "by the Alexander- Gosling Expedition, 1907.

0. 9. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Bahr-el-
Ghazal. Presented ly Lieut. H. L. Fell, E.N., 1900.

B.— Bubalis lelwel tsehadensis.

Bubalis lelwel tsehadensis, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8,
vol. xi, p. 265, 1913.

Typical locality Ketekma, east of Tschekna, Bagirmi.

Type in Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt-am-Maine.
Distinguished from I. lelwel by the longer and narrower
nasals, and less depressed horns, in which the strongly curved
tips may incline either inwards or outwards, while the
front view is more distinctly V-shaped. A narrow seal-brown
band above the hoofs, followed by a similar stripe on front
of legs reaching to knees and hocks. From /. lelwel and
/. niediecki this race differs by the more upright direction and

BUr.AUN.K 21

curved tips of the horns, while it is distinguished from
/. roosevelti by the presence of narrow dark bands above hoofs
and by the leg-stripes being seal-brown instead of tawny.

7. 7. 8. 247. Skull, with horns. Welle Valley ; collected
during Alexander-Gosling Expedition.

Presented by the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907.

C.— Bubalis lelwel jacksoni.

Bubalis jacksoni, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. ix, p. 386,
1892, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 455 ; Ward, Records of Big
Game, p. 58, 1892; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 196, 1893,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899 ; Jackson, Big
Game Shooting (Badminton Library), vol. i, p. 291, 1894, Great
and Small Game of Africa, p. 156, 1899 ; Rothschild, Novit.
Zool. vol. viii, p. 177, 1901 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of
Antelopes, vol. i, p. 39, 1894 ; Johnston, Uganda Protectorate,
vol. i, p. 424, pi. facing p. 27, 1902 ; Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus.
Nat. Hist. vol. xxvi, p. 157, 1906; Hollister, Smithson. Misc.
Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 2, 1910.

Bubalis lelwel, O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1896, p. 78,
1905, p. 96.

Bubalis lelwel jacksoni, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 107,
1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 131, 1910; Heller,
Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 8, 1912.

Typical locality Kavirondo, Uganda.

Distinguished from the typical race (according to Heller)
by the absence of dark markings on fronts of fore-legs ;
horns with the same divergence of the tips, but basal
portion less heavily ridged. General colour bright rufous
yellow or foxy red, darker than in typical lelwel. Shoulder-
height about 4 feet 4 inches ; basal length of skull 16 inches,
maximum width of skull 5f inches.

0. 4. 5. 1. Skin, mounted. Mau Plateau, B. E. Africa.

Purchased, 1900.

92. 6. 24. 1. Skull, with horns (fig. 3), and face-skin.
Near Kavirondo. Type.

Presented "by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1892.

4. 2. 14. 1. Head, mounted, female. Guasin-gishu
Plateau, B. E. Africa.

Presented by Major P. H. G. Powell- Cotton, 1904.

10. 6. 10. 3. Skull, with horns. Elat-or Valley, East
Africa. Presented ly Dr. W. J. Ansorye, 1910.

94. 11. 2. 1. Skull, with horns, and head- skin, immature.
Uganda. Presented by G. F. Scott-Elliott, Esq., 1894.

22

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

2. 4. 8. 1. Skull, with horns. Kagera Valley, Ankoli,
Uganda. Shot by Capt. A. A. Fisher.

Presented by H. Fisher, Esq., 1902.

4. 12. 6. 17. Skull, with horns, female. Guaso-nyiro,
B. E. Africa. Presented by S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1904.

2. 6. 5. 1. Skull, with horns. Gilgil, Kift Valley, East
Africa. Presented ly C. S. Betton, Esq., 1902.

mm

FIG. 3. — SKULL AND HORNS OP JACKSON'S HAETEBEEST
(Bubalis lelweljacksoni).

2. 6. 5. 2. Skull, with horns. Njoro, Pdft Valley.

Same history.
2. 6. 5. 3. Skull, with horns, female. Gilgil.

Same history.

2. 6. 5. 4. Skull, wanting muzzle, with horns. Unyoro,

Uganda. Same history.

2. 0. 15. 3. Skull, with horns. Ongotta Nairowa, Eift

Valley. Same history.

UUBALIN.F. -•'

2. 6. 15. 4. Skull, with horns. North-east of Menengai,
Eift Valley. Same /«*//>/•//.

1. 8. 9. 58. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Guasin-
gishu Plateau.

Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.

1. 8. 9. 59. Head-skin. Molo. Same history,

1. 8. 9. 57. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eavine Station,
B. E. Africa. Same history.

13. 2. 12. 1. Frontlet and horns. East Africa. Shot
by Lieut-Col. F. C. Trollope.

Presented by Messrs. W. and E. Trollope, 1913.

D.— Bubalis lelwel niediecki.

Bubalis niediecki, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905,

p. 95.
Bubalis lelwel niediecki, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 107,

1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 131, 1910 ; Heller,

Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. lx, no. 8, p. 8, 1912; Schivarz, Ann.

Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 266, 19J.3.

Typical locality Gelo, at the source of the Sobat, east
side of Nile, Sudan.

Type in the collection of Dr. 0. Neumann.

General colour a purer and darker rufous yellow than in
jacksoni, with a wholly black chin ; horns parallel or
converging at tips.

No specimen in collection.

E.— Bubalis lelwel insigrris.

Bubalis jacksoni insignis, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 455.

Bubalis lelwel insignis, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 107,
1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 131, 1910; Heller,
Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. lx, no. 8, p. 7, 1912.

Typical locality Maanja Valley, about 30 miles west of
Kampala, Central Uganda.

Allied to B. lelwel jacksoni, but with a black dorsal stripe,
and black markings on face and limbs. Dorsal stripe, in
type, stopping about a* foot short of the tail ; tips of ears
edged with black behind ; two black marks on forehead
between eyes ; knees and front surfaces of fore-legs a short
distance below them to hoofs, as well as hind surfaces of
pasterns in both limbs black ; on hind-legs the black mark on

24 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

front reaches from the hoofs about three-quarters the distance
to level of hocks. In 1913 the writer saw the mounted head
of an East African hartebeest of the jacksoni type in which
nearly the- whole face was chocolate-brown. Whether both this
specimen and the type of insignis really represent a distinct
race, or whether they are individual " sports," is doubtful.

4. 4. 19. 1. Head, mounted, and body-skin. Maanja
Valley, Uganda ; shot, March, 1902. Type.

Presented ly Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1904.

F. — Bubalis lelwel roosevelti.

Bubalis lelwel roosevelti, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix,
no. 8, p. 7, 1912 ; Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi,
p. 266, 1913.

Typical locality Gondokoro, Mongalla Province.

Type in U.S. National Museum.

Nearly akin to insignis, but without dark markings on
face or back ; general colour lighter than in niediecki, with
which it agrees in the parallel or inward direction of the
horn-tips. A seal-brown patch above hoofs, continued as a
tawny streak on fronts of legs to knees and level of hocks ;
chin with a similar brown patch. General colour lighter
yellow rufous than in any other race. In the skull the
nasals and the upper series of cheek-teeth larger than in
jacksoni, the former measuring 9J inches (234 mm.) and the
latter 4^ inches (105 mm.). In addition to the parallelism
or slight convergence of their tips, the horns differ from
those of jacksoni by their straighter profile, and by the angle
at base of tips being more obtuse.

13. 3. 1. 1-3. Three skins. Between Assua Valley and
Gondokoro.

Presented ly Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1913.

VII. BUBALIS CAAMA.

Antilope caama, Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. «d. 2, vol. ii, p. 242, 1816 ;
Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 196, 1816,
Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 467, 1822; Goldfuss, Schreber's Saug-
thiere, vol. v, p. 1174, 1820 ; Schinz, Cuvier' s Thierreich, vol. i,
p. 390, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 443, 1845; Burchell,
Travels in 8. Africa, vol. i, p. 420, 1822; Desmoulins, Diet.
Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 444, 1822 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 382,

BUBALIN.K l'.~>

1827; /. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 474, 1829; Owen, Pn>r.
Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 87, Aiuit. Vertebrates, vol. iii. p. 633, 1868;
Watcrliouse, Cat. Mdinnt. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838; Wagner,
Schrebcr's Sdugthierc, Xuppl. vol. iv, p. 469, 1844, vol. v, p. 444,
1855; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 297, 1855; Drinnmuml, Large
Game of S. Africa, p. 425, 1875.

Cerophorus (Alcelaphus) caaina, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816,.
p. 75.

Pamalis caama, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 348r
vol. v, p. 362, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 88, 1832.

Acronotus caaina, A. Smith, 8. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 221 ^
1834 ; Harris, Wild Sports S. Africa, p. 377, 1839, Wild Animals
S. Africa, pi. vii, 1840 ; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 157,
1843, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 58, 1847.

Bubalis caaraa, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-AJc. Handl. 1844, p. 208,
1846 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1853 ; Brehm,
Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 218, 1880 ; Nicolls and Egling-
ton, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 45, 1892; Ward, Records of
Big Game, p. 562, 1892; Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 1,
Field, vol. cxxii, p. 923, 1913; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs,
p. 193, 1893 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ir
p. 33, pi. iv, 1894; Bryden, Nature and Sport in S. Africa,
p. 225, 1897 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. ir
p. 131, 1900; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 900.

Boselaphus caama. Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 233, 1846, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 139, Knoivsley Menagerie,
p. 20, pi. xx, 1850 ; Blytli, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal,
p. 170, 1863, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 52.

Alcelaphus caama, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 124, 1852,
Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 44, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants
Brit. Mus. p. 115, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Brit. Mus. p. 243,
1862; Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, pp. 285 and 292;
Riltimeyer, Abh. sclnueiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 47, 1877 ; Selous,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 673, A Hunter's Wanderings in S.
Africa, p. 224, 1881 ; Sclater, List Animals Zool. Gardens, p.
148, 1883, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 411 ; Flower and Garson,
Cat. Osteol. Mus. R. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 272, 1884 ; Jentink,
Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 139, 1887,
Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxiii, p. 20, 1891, Cat. Mamm. Leyden
Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 71, 1892; Bryden, Kloof and
Karroo, p. 291, 1889, Gun and Camera, p. 505, 1893; W. L.
Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. p. 170, 1891.

Bubalis cama, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133,
1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 103, 1908 ; Field, vol. cxxii,
p. 620, 1913; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 150r
1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 129, 1910.

Rooi, or CAPE, HARTEBEEST.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

Size typically about 4 feet, but reaching, it is stated, to-
about 4 feet 2 inches, in some specimens. Horns sur-
mounting a very tall pedicle, from which they diverge

26 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

evenly so as to form a V when viewed full face, then
curving forwards and upwards, and then bending sharply
backwards, so that the "elbow" is nearly a right angle.
General colour some shade of bright reddish brown, with
the face, except for a band of varying width between and
below line of eyes (which is light-coloured), and a patch on
occiput, continued as a line down nape, nearly black ;

PIG. 4. — HEAD AND NECK OF NORTHERN RACE OF Rooi HARTEBEEST
(Bubalis caama selbornei).

withers, shoulders, thighs, fore-legs to knees, part of fore-
shanks, and chin dark plum colour, and a yellowish white
patch, which does not include the middle of dorsal surface of
tail, on the sides and lower part of rump ; tail not reaching
hocks, with the middle of its dorsal surface dark through-
out, and the crest ascending to within a short distance of the
root; under-parts whitish. Skull with a very narrow and
elongated frontal region ; basal length 17f inches, maximum
width 6J inches. Good horns measure from 24 to 26 inches

BU BALI N.i: -<

along the front curve, with a girth of from 10^ to 12, and
a tip-to-tip interval of from 7 to 17 inches.

The range originally extended from the Cape Town
district as far north as the Limpopo on the eastern side of
the continent and somewhat further north on the western
side, on the borders of the Kalahari Desert ; it thus included
Cape Colony, Basutoland, the N.W. Transvaal, and British
Bechuanaland.

The Basuto hartebeests now live in mountainous country,
at an elevation at which much snow falls in winter.

Two races may be recognised : —

a. South of Orange River. Exticct some time

after 1811 ; exact colour unknown B. caama caama.

b. North of Orange River ; general colour as

above B. caama selbornci.

A.— Bubalis caama caama.

Typical locality Cape Colony ; extinct.

B.— Bubalis caama selbornei.

Bubalis caama selbornei, Lydekker, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1913, p. 820 ;
Abs. p. 19.

Typical locality Kimberley, the herd there having
apparently been imported from the Transvaal.

The range is taken to include all the country noith of
the Orange River inhabited by hartebeests.

N.B. — All the specimens in the collection are included in
one list ; some or all of the older ones may represent the
typical race.

12. 10. 10. 1. Skin, mounted (fig. 4). Kimberley Game
Farm, imported from Transvaal. Type of selbornei. The pale
colouring and imperfect development of the dark markings
in this specimen seem to be abnormal or due to immaturity,
as other heads from the Kimberley herd show full develop-
ment of the face-blaze. Presented by the De Beers Mininy
Co. (at the instance of the Earl oj Selborne, K.G.), 1912.

6.8.3.1. Frontlet and horns of a very old male. South-
east Africa, The tips of the horns are much worn away.

Presented by J. Kenny, Esq., 1906.

28 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

42. 4. 11. 6. Skin, formerly mounted. South Africa,
probably, according to Selous (op. cit. 1913), from Western
Transvaal or Griqualand ; collected by Sir Andrew Smith.

Purchased ( Warwick), 1842.
640, 1}. Skin, mounted, immature. South Africa.

Presented ~by the Earl of Derby, about 1846,
46. 7. 11. 4. Skin, mounted, young. South Africa.

Purchased, 1846.

89.4.25.1. Head-skin. South Africa; collected by

Mr. C. Smith. Purchased, 1889.

640, t. Skull, with horns. South Africa. One horn

distorted. No history*

46. 7. 2. 2. Skull, immature. South Africa.

Purchased, 1846,

640, a. Frontlet and horns. South Africa. No history.
61. 2. 30. 14. Frontlet and horns. South Africa;,
collected by Gen. T. Hardwicke.

Presented by the Hon. East India Co., 1861.
640, h. Frontlet and horns. South Africa. No history.
640, d. Frontlet and horns, female. South Africa.

No history*

48. 7. 13. 3-4. Two frontlets, with horns, female. South

Africa. Purchased, 1848.

50. 8. 24. 7-8. Two frontlets, with horns. South Africa.

Purchased, 1850..

50. 8. 24. 9-10. Two frontlets, with horns, female.
South Africa. Purchased, 1850.

50. 8. 24. 11. Skull-face, female. South Africa.

Same history.
56. 7. 9. 1. Young skull. South Africa.

Purchased (Stevens), 1850.

640, /. Very young skull. South Africa. Purchased.
2. 4. 24. 1-2. Two skulls, wanting the lower jaw, with
horns. Natal frontier. Purchased, 1902,

6. * * *. Skull, with horns. Locality unknown.

Received 1906.

13. 11. 13. 1. Body-skin. Mountain-plateau, Basutoland,

to which these hartebeests appear to have been driven from the

adjacent lowlands. Presented by R. Bosivorth Smith, Esq., 1913.

93. 12. 17. 1. Skull, with horns, immature, stated to-

BUBAL1N.K 29

be from a hybrid between the present species and Damaliscus
lunatus. Tati Valley, Matabililand. The donor states
(Field, vol. cxxii, p. 363, 1913) that the antelope to which
this specimen pertained was shot in 1890 by Cornelius
van Eooyen. While in general body-colour this antelope
resembled a tsessebe, it had the comparatively bushy tail of
a Cape hartebeest ; the length of its head was intermediate
between that of these two species, and its horns were unlike
those of any other antelope.

Presented by F. C. Sclous, Esq., 1893.

VIII. BUBALIS LICHTENSTEINI.

Antilope lichtensteini, Peters, Mitth. Ges. nat. Freunde, Dec. 18, 1849,
Reise nach Mossambique, Sdugeth. vol. i, p. 190, pi. xliii, xliv,
1852 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 298, 1855 ; Wagner, Schreber's
Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 445, 1855.

Bubalis lichtensteini, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1853 ;
Ward, Becords of Big Game, p. 63, 1892, ed. 6, p. 135, 1910 ;
Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 46, 1892 ;
Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 533, 1893, p. 504; Sclater,
ibid. 1893, p. 506 ; LydeJcker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 198, 1893,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 133, 1899, Game Animals
of Africa, p. Ill, 1908; Barkley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 132;
Jackson, Big Game Shooting (Badminton Library], vol. i,
p. 290, 1894 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,
p. 45, pi. v, 1894 ; Selous, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 160, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i,
p. 134, 1900; Letcher, Big Game N. E. Rhodesia, p. 181,
pi. 1911.

Alcelaphus lichtensteini, Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus.
p. 243, 1862; Gray, Cat. Euminants Brit. Mus. p. 44, 1872,
Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 115, 1873 ; Buckley, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1877, p. 454 ; Selous, ibid. 1881, p. 763, A Hunter's
Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 224, 1881 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol.
Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 139, 1887 ; Crawshay,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 662; Noack, Jahrb. Mus. Hamburg,
vol. ix, p. 11, 1891 ; Lugard, East Africa, p. 532, 1893.

Boselaphus lichtensteini, Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 660.

(?) Bubalis leucoprymnus, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1892,
p. 137, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 108, 1895.

Sigmoceros lichtensteini, Heller, Smithson, Misc. Collect, vol. Ix,
no. 8, p. 4, 1912.

Type of Sigmoceros.

Typical locality Tette, Zambesia.

Size medium; shoulder-height about 4 feet. Horns,

30

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

which are supported on a very short and wide pedicle,
relatively short and thick, with a somewhat S-like curvature,
very broad and flattened at base, then bending sharply
inwards at an angle of about 45°, and then inclined
backwards, with the tips more or less nearly parallel;
general colour fulvous, becoming distinctly rufous over a
large area on back ; chin, tail-crest (which reaches just below
hocks, and occupies about three-quarters of length of tail),

FIG. 5. — HEAD OF LIGHTEN STEIN'S HARTEBEEST (Bubalis lichtensteini).

and front of fore-shanks and lower part of front of hind-
shanks black or blackish ; lower part of rump pale yellowish
or dirty white, contrasting strongly with rufous of back ;
face-glands not tufted. Skull with a short frontal but an
elongated nasal region, so that the total length (14f inches)
is much the same as in B. caama ; maximum width
7J inches. The horn-pedicle immediately above the plane
of the hind margin of the occipital condyles, whereas

BUBALLVi; 31

in other species the bifurcation takes place considerably
behind this plane. Good horns measure from 21 to 23 inches-
along the front curve, with a girth of from 11 to 14, and a
tip-to-tip interval of from 4J to 20 inches.

The range occupies a large area in East Africa north of
the Saba including Nyasaland, Mozambique, German East
Africa to Usagara, and N.E. and N.W. Ehodesia.

86. 5. 5. 3. Skin, mounted. Sabi Valley, Mashonaland ;
collected by F. C. Selous, Esq., 20/7/85. Purchased, 1886.

86. 5. 5. 4. Skin, mounted. Same locality and collector
(23/7/85). Same history.

81. 10. 28. 5. Head, mounted, and skull. Manica Plateau,
north of the Zambesi; same collector. Purchased, 1881.

9. 5. 10. 1. Head, mounted. N.W. Ehodesia.

Presented by H. Pankhurst, Esq., 1909.

82.5.25.4. Skull, female. Collected by F. C. Selous, Esq.;
locality unknown. Purchased, 1882.

84. 7. 7. 3. Frontlet and horns, and remainder of skull,
immature. Usagara, German East Africa ; collected by Sir
John Kirk. Purchased, 1884.

84. 11. 10. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
E. Africa ; same collector. Same history.

88. 7. 4. 3. Head-skin and horns, female. Locality
unknown. Purchased, 1888.

89. 7. 1. 3. Skull, with horns. Locality unknown.

Presented by Dr. A. Gimther, 1889.

88. 7. 1. 1. Scalp-skin and horns. Locality unknown.

Same history.

89. 7. 1. 2. Scalp-skin and horns, female. Locality
unknown. Same history.

92. 8. 1. 62. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba,
Nyasaland.

Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1892.

93. 7. 9. 21. Skull, with horns, and skin. Shfri High-
lands. Same donor, 1893.

93. 7. 9. 22. Skull, with horns. Shiri Highlands ; this
and the two preceding specimens were collected by
A. Whyte, Esq. Same history.

93. 6. 20. 2. Skull, with horns, female. Pangani (?).

Presented by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1893.

32 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

1. 4. 27. 10. Skull, with horns. Locality unknown.

Presented by Lieut. -Col. Manning, 1901.

7. 4. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, female. Barotsiland,
N.W. Khodesia. Presented ~by J. Rowland Ward, Esq.

8. 2. 14. 3. Skull, with horns. Between Diampwe and
Gala Hill, S. Angoniland.

Presented ly C. B. G. Storey, Esq., 1908.
8. 2. 14. 4. Skull, with horns. N. Angoniland.

Same history.

II. Genus DAMALISCUS.

Damalis, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 233, 1846,

nee H. Smith.
Damaliscus, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 51,

1894 ; Pococlc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 902.
Beatragus, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 8, 1912.

Nearly related to Bulalis, but withers generally less
elevated, and the skull with the frontals not prolonged
upwards to form a horn-pedicle, so that the parietal aspect
looks upwards instead of backwards, and the face is shorter.
Horns forming a simpler sigmoid curve, without a distinct
"elbow" at the backward bend. Hair of face directed
uniformly upwards ; face-glands small and not tufted.

The range of the genus includes such portions of
Ethiopian Africa (i.e. Africa south of the Atlas and the
northern tropic) as are suited to the habits of its members.

The five species here recognised may be distinguished as
follows : —

A. Tail-crest black ; no spectacle-mark between eyes ;

3 lower premolars.

a. Lower segment of limbs partially white ; face-

blaze white in adult.

a'. A white rump-patch D. pygargus.

b'. No white rump-patch D. albifrons.

b. Limbs wholly dark ; face-blaze usually dark.

a'. Horns directed mainly upwards, in a

sublyrate form D. Itorrigum.

b'. Horns bowed outwards at first, forming

a lunate curve D. lunatus.

B. Tail-crest white ; a white spectacle-mark between

eyes; 2 lower premolars D.hunteri.

BUBALIN^l 33

I. DAMALISCUS PYGAEGUS.

Antilope dorcas, Pallas, Misc. Zool. p. 6, 1766, nee Capra dorcas,
Linn.

Antilope pygarga, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. fasc. i, p. 10, 1767, fasc. xii,
p. 15, 1777 ; Erxleben, Syst. Eegn. Anim. p. 287, 1777 ; Zimmer-
mann, Geogr. Geschichte, vol. ii, p. 119, 1780 ; Gatterer, Brev.
Zool. vol. i, p. 82, 1780 ; Schreber, S<iugthiere, pi. cclxxiii, 1784 ;
Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 143, 1785 ; Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst.
Nat. vol. i, p. 187, 1788 ; Kcrr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 311,
1792 ; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrdge, p. 628, 1792 ; Bechstein,
Uebersicht vierfuss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 87, vol. ii, p. 644, 1800 ;
Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pfc. 2, p. 352, 1801 ; Turton, Linn.'s
Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 113, 1802 ; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat.
vol. xxiv, p. 33, 1804, ed. 2, p. 186, 1816, Mammalogie, vol. ii,
p. 456, 1822; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 233, 1804;
Liclitenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 106, 1814 ; Fischer,
Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 435, 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal.
vol. vii, p. 220, 1815; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v,
p. 1187, 1820; Schinz, Cuvier' s Thierreich, vol. i, p. 388, 1821,
Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 402, 1845 ; Desmoulins, Diet. Class.
Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 443, 1822 ; Bu?'chell, List Quadr. presented
to Brit. Mus. p. 5, 1825 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 373, 1827 ;
Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 73, 1832 ; Owen, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Water-
house, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838; Wagner,
Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 412, 1844, vol. v, p. 447,
1855.

Capra cervicapra, Mutter, Natursyst. vol. i, p. 414, 1773, nee Linn.

Antilope grisea, Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 139, 1785.

Capra scripta, Thunberg, Reise, vol. ii, p. 50, 1789, English Transl.
vol. ii, p. 44, 1793, nee Antilope scripta, Pallas.

Antilope maculata, Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii,
p. 315, 1811.

Cerophorus (Gazella) pygarga, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816,
p. 75.

Cervus pygargus, Oken, Lehrbuch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pfc. 2,
p. 738, 1816.

Antilope personata, Woods, Zool. Journ. vol. v, p. 2, 1835.

Gazella pygarga, Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xvii, 1840 ;
Gray, List Mamm. Brit, Mus. p. 161, 1843.

Damalis pygarga, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 233, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 59. 1847, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1850, p. 141, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 21, 1850, Cat. Ungulata
Brit. Mus. p. 127, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872,
Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 116, 1873 ; Layard, Cat.
S. African Mus. p. 77, 1861, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 625 ;
Gerrard, Cat. Bones Brit. Mus. p. 244, 1862 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber.
A: Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 181, 1869 ; Jentink, Cat.
Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 140, 1887 ; Cat.
Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 171, 1892; Nicolls and
Eglington, Sportsman in South Africa, p. 32, 1892.
II. D

34 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Bubalis pygarga, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 209,
1846; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1852; Brehm,
Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 217, 1880 ; Ward, Records of
Big Game, p. 69, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 202,
1893.

Alcelaphus pygargus, Sclater, List. Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 150,
1883; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. R. Coll. Surg.
pt. ii, p. 273, 1884 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 295, 1889,
Nature and Sport in S. Africa, p. 265, 1897 ; Flower and
Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 335, 1891.

Damaliscus pygargus, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,
p. 73, pi. viii, 1895 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 121, 1908 ; Selous,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 175, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater,
Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 137, 1900 ; Ward, Records
of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 145, 1910.

Damaliscus pygarga, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 903.

BONTEBOK.

The type species.

Typical locality Cape Colony ; the range extending as
far north as the Orange Eiver.

Height at shoulder about 3 feet 4 inches.* General colour
rufous fawn, darkening into blackish on crown of head,
sides of face and neck, flanks, thighs, and fore part of
rump, the latter tint also extending down front and outer
sides of limbs to knees and hocks, above each of which it
forms a garter ; front of face in adult, hind portion of rump,
inclusive of root of tail, and knees, hocks, and shanks (with
the exception of a dark line down front surface) white ; tail-
crest, which reaches hocks, black. Horns sublyrate, without
strongly marked basal divergence.

In immature animals the face-blaze is wholly slatey grey.
Good horns measure from 15 to 16f inches in length, with a
girth of from 6 to 6|, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 5 to
10 inches. Skull-measurements practically the same as in
D. albifrons.

39. 7. 25. 1. Skin, mounted. Cape Colony ; collected
by Dr. Smuts. Purchased, 1839.

39. 7. 25. 2. Skin, mounted, female. Cape Colony;
same collector. Purchased, 1839.

96. 11. 28. 1. Skin, mounted. Nakhtwicht Farm, Ere-
dasdorp, Cape Colony. Presented ly F. C. Selous, Esq., 1896.

* Nicolls and Eglington state that the height may reach as much
as 3 feet 11 inches.

BUBALIN^l 35

96. 11. 28. 2. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality.

Same history.
57. 9. 26. 124. Skin, mounted, young. South Africa.

Purchased ( Verreaux), 1857.
43. 9. 27. 26. Skin, mounted, young. South Africa.

Purchased (Brandt), 1843.

57. 12. 21. 7. Skeleton. South Africa.

Presented by the Zoological Society, 1857.
51. 10. 23. 13. Skull, with horns. South Africa.

Purchased, 1851.
51. 10. 23. 14. Skull, with horns. S.Africa. Same history .

58. 3. 17. 4. Skull, with horns, female. South Africa.

Same history.

644, a. Single horn. Swellendam (?), Cape Colony; col-
lected 17/1/1815. Presented by Dr. W. J. Burchell about 1817.
16,/. Skin, young, mounted. South Africa.

Purchased ( Warwick).

II. DAMALISCUS ALBIFEONS.

Antilope albifrons, Burchell, Travels in South Africa, vol. ii, p. 335,
1824 ; Wagner, Schreber's Saugthiere, vol. iv, p. 413, 1844, vol. v,
p. 448, 1855.

Gazella albifrons, Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxi, 1840.

Damalis albifrons, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 233, 1846, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 141, Knowsley Menagerie,
p. 22, pi. xxii, fig. 1, 1850, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 129, 1852,
Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants
Brit. Mus. p. 116, 1873 ; Layard, Cat. S. African Mus. p. 77,
1861 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ale. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 181,
1869; Drummond, Large Game of S. Africa, p. 425, 1875;
Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 31, 1892;
Jentink, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi)
p. 171, 1892.

Bubalis albifrons, Sundevall, K. Syenska Vet.-AJc. Handl. 1844,
p. 210, 1846; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1853;
Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 217, 1880; Ward,
Records of Big Game, p. 68, 1892; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs,
p. 202, 1893.

Alcelaphus albifrons, Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, pp. 286 and
292 ; Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 149, 1883 ; Bryden,
Kloof and Karroo, p. 295, 1889 ; Flower and Lydekker, Study
of Mammals, p. 335, 1891.

Damaliscus albifrons, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,
p. 79, pi. ix, 1895 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 125, 1908; Bryden,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 183, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater,

D 2

36 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 141, 1900; Renshaw, Final
Nat. Hist. Essays, p. 156, 1907 ; Ward, Records of Big Game,
ed. 6, p. 147, 1910 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 900.

BLESBOK.

Typical locality probably northern Cape Colony.

Very similar to D. pygargus but rufous colour much more
predominant owing to the lighter shade of the areas which
are dark in the latter species ; the face-blaze divided by a
narrow brown bar at the constriction between the eyes ; the
rump-patch reduced to a small paler area round the root of
the tail, and dark colour continued down outer side of lower
part of legs, so that hocks and outer side of knees are rufotts
fawn instead of white. The summits of the rings of the
horns differ from those of the bontebok {D. pygargus) by
being yellow, while the horns themselves show a greenish
tinge. Good horns measure from 16 to 18£ inches in length,
with a girth of from 5f to 7i, and a tip to-tip interval of
from 7 to 15J inches. Basal length of skull 11 J inches,
maximum width 5^- inches.

The range formerly included the northern plains of Cape
Colony, the Orange Eiver Colony, the Transvaal, Griqualand
West, and Bechuanaland.

53. 8. 29. 48. Skin, mounted. South Africa ; No. 373, a,
of the Zoological Society's Catalogue of 1838.

Presented by the Zoological Society, 1853.

96. 11. 28. 3. Skin, mounted. Driefontein, Orange
Eiver Colony. Presented ly F. C. Selous, Esq., 1896.

96. 11. 28. 4. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality.

Same history.

6. 2. 22. 1. Head, mounted, young, to show dark face-
blaze. Presented by the Zoological Society, 1906.

8. 5. 4. 1. Skin, female. North-western Orange Eiver
Colony. Presented hj W. F. Tuthill, Esq., 1908.

8. 12. 8. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Orange
Eiver Colony (?). Presented, 1908.

58. 3. 17. 3. Skull, with horns. S. Africa.

Purchased, 1858.

644, e. Frontlet and horns. S. Africa. Purchased.

48. 7. 13. 6. & 7. Two frontlets and horns. S. Africa.

Purchased, 1848.

BUBALIN.K

48. 7. !•'». 7. A similar specimen. S. Africa.

rtmi

50. 8. 24. 14-10. Three frontlets with horns, one female.
S. Africa. Purchased, 1850.

47. 1. 7. -. Frontlet and horns, female. S. Africa,

I'lnrhaxcd, 1847.
47. 1. 7. •>. Frontlet and horns, female. S. Africa,

Same history.

III. DAMALISCUS LUNATUS.

Antilope lunata, Burchell, Travels in S. Africa, vol. ii, p. 334, 1824,
List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 5, 1825 ; Fischer, Synop.
Mamm. p. 642, 1830; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat.
Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Wagner, Schreber's Saugthiere,
Suppl. vol. iv, p. 471, 1844, vol. v, p. 446, 1855; Schinz, Synop.
Mamm. vol. ii, p. 444, 1845; Giebel, Saugthiere, p. 298, 1855.

Damalis lunata, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 352,
vol. v, p. 364, 1827; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 89, 1832;
Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 283, 1846, List
Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 59, 1847, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 140,
Knowsley Menagerie, p. 21, 1850, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus.
p. 125, 1852, Cat. .Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872, Hand-List
Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 115, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm.
Brit. Mus. p. 244, 1862 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. If. Ah. Wiss. Wien,
vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 180, 1869; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Ley den Mus.
(Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 139, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus.
(op. cit. vol. xi) p. 171, 1892; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman
in S. Africa, p. 33, 1892.

Acronotus lunatus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 222,
1834 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. viii, 1840 ; Gray, List
Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 157, 1843, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 59,

Bubalus lunatus, A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, pi. xxxi, 1841.

Bubalis lunatus, Sundevall, K. SvensTia Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 209,
1846 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1853 ; Drummond,
Large Game of S. Africa, p. 426, 1875 ; Ward, Records of Big
Game, p. 66, 1892 ; LydeJcker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 202, 1893 ;
Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 1.

Alcelaphus lunatus, Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 285 ; Selous,
ibid. 1881, p. 764, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 225,
1881 ; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. R. ColL Surg.
pt. ii, p. 273, 1884.

Damaliscus lunatus, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,
pi. x, 1895 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 166,
1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 128, 1908; Vaughan Kirby,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 190, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater,
Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 144, 1900 ; Ward, Records of
Big Game, ed. 6, p. 150, 1910; Letcher, Big Game N.E.
Rhodesia, p. 204, 1911.

38 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

SASSABY, or TSESEBE.

Type of Damalis, Gray.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

Size large; height at shoulder about 4 feet. General
colour dark chestnut-rufous, with the front of face, shoulders,
hips, outer sides of legs above knees and hocks purplish
black, the black also forming a band on inner side of upper
part of limbs, deeper in hind than in front pair; chin and
muzzle paler than cheek; under-parts purplish rufous
anteriorly, white posteriorly ; shanks reddish brown. Horns
strongly divergent in a lunate form ; their direction being
at first upwards and backwards, and then inwards and
backwards ; a slight ly ration causes both bases and points
to be directed slightly upwards, so that the lunate curve
is somewhat irregular. Basal length of skull 14| inches,
maximum breadth 6J inches. Good horns measure from
16 to 17 J inches along the front curve, with a girth of
from ?i to 8J, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 11£ to
13 J inches.

The range comprises south-eastern Africa from north of
the Orange River as far westward as Lake Ngami, and
northwards to British Central Africa.

642, a. Frontlet and horns, female. Makhwarin Valley,
near Lataku ; killed 9/7/1812. Type.

Presented ly Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817.

42. 4. 11. 5. Skin, mounted. S. Africa; collected by
Sir Andrew Smith. Purchased ( Warwick), 1842.

42. 4. 11. 5*. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality and
collector. Same history.

98. 10. 11. 2. Skin, mounted. South Africa; collected
by F. C. Selous, Esq. Purchased, 1898.

86. 5. 5. 10. Skeleton, with horns. Manyami Valley,
Mashonaland ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq., 1886.

Purchased, 1886.

86. 5. 5. 11. Skeleton, with horns, female. Same locality
and collector. Purchased, 1886.

83. 7. 28. 8. Skin, immature. Bili Valley, Mashona-
land ; same collector. Purchased, 1883.

50. 8. 24. 1. Frontlet and horns. S. Africa.

Purchased, 1850.

BUBALIN^l 39

48. 7. 13. 5. Frontlet and horns. S. Africa.

Purchased, 1848.

9. 12. 4. 92. Skull, with horns. Mporokoso, south of
Lake Tanganyika ; collected by S. A. Neave, Esq.

Purchased, 1909.

0. 11. 18. 5. Facial portion of skull and horns. Between
Lakes Bangweolo and Nyasa.

Presented ly Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1900.

IV. DAMALISCUS KOKEIGUM.

Antilope senegalensis, Children, Denham and Clappertoh 's Travels,
Append, p. 192, 1826 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl,
vol. v, p. 447, 1855 ; nee Cuvier.*

Damalis senegalensis, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv,
p. 351, vol. v, p. 363, 1827; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. i,
vol. xviii, p. 233, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 59, 1847, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 140, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 21, pi. xxi, 1850,
Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants
Brit. Mus. p. 115, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit.
Mus. p. 244, 1862; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien,
vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 181, 1869; Matschie, Nat. Wochenschr.
1894, p. 417.

Antilope korriguni, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 103.

Damalis korrigum, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 158, 1843, List
Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 145, 1847.

Bubalis senegalensis, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1853 ;
Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 217, 1880.

Alcelaphus senegalensis, Lydekker, Field, vol. Ixxvii, p. 858, 1891.

Bubalis korrigum, Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 201, 1893.

* Sclater and Thomas, " Book of Antelopes," vol. i, p. 60, after
referring to the mixing up of two distinct antelopes by Buffon in
the description of his " koba," write as follows : — " The best course
seems to be to ignore Buffon' s animal altogether, and to reject the
names koba and senegalensis that have been founded upon it, although
there can be no doubt that the korrigum, as now described, is the
Antilope, and Damalis, senegalensis of Children, Hamilton Smith,
Gray, and many authors." In a foot-note it is added that the following
are the chief references to the koba : —

La koba, Buffon, Hist. Nat. vol. xii, p. 210, but not p. 268, or

the horn pi. xxxii, fig. 2.

Senegal Antelope, Pennant, Syn. Mamm. p. 38, 1764 (name
and locality, but not description or woodcut of head, which
refer to Bubalis caamd).
Antilope koba, Erxleben, Syst. Regn. Anim. p. 293, 1777 (name

from Buffon, description from Pennant).

Antilope senegalensis, Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 235,
1804.

40 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Damaliscus korrigum, Sclater and TJiomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,
p. 59, pi. vii, 1895 ; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrica, p. Ill,
1895.

Damaliscus corrigum, LydeJtker, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 116, 1908 ; Kendall,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 169, 1899; Alexander,
From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907 ; Cabrera, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1910, p. 998 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 139,
1910.

If this species be the true Antilope Jcoba of Erxleben, its proper
title would be Damaliscus koba, unless the name A. Jcoba be regarded
as too like A. hob to be admissable.

KORRIGUM, or TIANG.

Typical locality Bornu.

Size large; shoulder-height from about 4 feet to 4 feet
2 inches. General colour some shade of rich rufous, usually
with a black blaze on the face, blue-black patches on the
shoulders, hips, and thighs, which form garters on the limbs
above the knees and hocks, a black tail-crest, no dark dorsal
stripe, and the lower part of the limbs coloured more or less
nearly like the body. Tail barely reaching hocks, with crest
occupying terminal third. Horns thick, heavily ridged, and
sublyrate in form, rising abruptly upwards and then curving
backwards, with a regular and medium divergence ; the
extreme tips showing a tendency to recurve upwards. Good
horns of the typical race measure from 24 to 28J inches
along the front curve, with a girth of from 9 to lOf, and a
tip-to-tip interval of from 4J to 14 inches.

The local races may be provisionally characterised as
follows : —

A. Face-blaze black.

a. A dark eye-streak.

a'. Lower part of legs apparently coloured

like body D. k. Tcorrigum.

b' . Lower part of legs tan ; area round eye

rufous; nose black D. Jc. Hang.

c' . Area round eye and nose tan D. 7c. selousi.

b. No dark eye- streak.

a'. Colour brownish; limb-markings absent (?) D. k.jonesi.
b . Colour bright purplish rufous ; limb-
markings strongly developed D. Jc. jimela.

B. Face-blaze whitish buff or white D. Jc. phalius.

BUBALIN.E 41

A.— Damaliscus korrig-um korrig-um.

Damaliscus corrigum typicus, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 117, 1908;
Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 139, 1910.

EOBBieUM.

Typical locality Bornu.

General character those of species ; body-colour rich full
rufous, with the dark markings strongly pronounced ; a
narrow streak given off from the frontal blaze running back-
wards and upwards below and behind the eye; shanks
apparently coloured much the same as body. Basal length
of skull 14J, greatest breadth 5J inches.

643, a. Skull, with horns. Bornu. Co-type.

Presented ~by Capt. H. Clapperton, E.N., and
Col. C. Denham, about 1825-

643, b. Skull, with horns. Bornu. Co-type.

Same history.

643, d. Skull, with horns. Gambia ; collected by Mr. T.
Whitfield. Presented by the Earl of Derby, about 1845.

46. 10. 23. 12. Skull, with" horns, female. Same locality
and collector. Same donor, 1846.

46. 10. 23. 13. Skull, with horns, foetal. Same locality
and collection. Same history.

88. 8. 20. 5. Skull, with horns. Upper Gambia;
collected by Dr. P. Kendall. Purchased, 1888.

7. 7. 8. 245. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Ibi,
Nigeria ; collected during the Alexander-Gosling Expedition
from the Niger to the Nile.

Presented by the Alexander- Gosling Expedition, 1907.

7. 7. 8. 246. Skull, with horns, immature. Same
locality and collection. Same history.

4. 5. 21. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Chad.

Presented by Lieut. -Col. Elliot, 1904.

13. 8. 3. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia.
Presented by G. Elaine, Esq., 1913.

13. 8. 3. 4. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Same
locality. Same history.

42

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

B.— Damaliscus korrig-um tiang-.

Bubalus lunatus, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet. -Ah. Handl. 1842, pp. 201

and 243, 1844, nee Antilope lunata, Burchell.
Bubalis koba, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 209,

1846, nee Antilope koba, Erxleben.*
Damalis tiang, Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Goes. Leop.-Car. vol. xxx,

pt. 2, p. 22, pi. i, 1863 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien,

vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 181, 1869; Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus.

p. 45, 1872 ; Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1892, p. 136.

FIG. 6. — HEAD OP TIANG (Damaliscus korrigum tiang).

Damalis tiang-riel, Heuglin, op. cit. p. 23, pi. ii, 1863 ; Gray, Cat.

Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872.
Damalis senegalensis, Heuglin, op. cit. p. 22, 1863 ; Gray, Ann. Mag.

Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol. iv, p. 29, p. 1869 ; Baker, Ismailia, pp. 68

and 74, 1874 ; nee H. Smith.
Damaliscus tiang, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,

p. 63, 1895.

* See note on p. 39.

BUBALIX^ 4-°.

Damaliscus corrigum tiang, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 117, 1908*;
Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 141, 1910.

Damaliscus korrigum tiang, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 902.

TIANG.

Typical locality Sobat Valley.

Apparently differs from the typical race by the larger
amount of black on the inner side of the limbs, and the
bright tan of their lower segments, which thus differ markedly
from the rufous of the body. There is, however, but one skin
of the typical race in the collection for comparison. Nose
black. Sclater and Thomas state, from the evidence of a
single skull, that the tiang, as this race is called, is rather
smaller than the korrigum, and the horns are decidedly
shorter than those of the latter. Good horns measure from
19 to 22^ inches along front curve, with a girth of from
7 to 9J, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 5| to 8 inches.

91. 8. 8. 48. Skin, mounted. Eenk, Sudan.

Presented by E. McD. Hawker, Esq., 1891.

4. 7. 2. 1. Head, mounted (fig. 6). North-east Africa.
Bequeathed ~by H. Andrew, Esq., 1904.

9. 7. 8. 2. Skin. Between Tonga Island and Lake No,
Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented ly C. C. Tower, Esq., 1909.

60. 4. 20. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. Bahr-el-
Ghazal; collected by Consul J. Petherick. Purchased, 1860.

59. 9. 23. 3. Skull, with horns, female. Ajak, Bahr-el-
Ghazal ; collected by Consul J. Petherick. Same history.

0. 8. 6. 5. Skull, with horns, young. Bahr-el-Ghazal.

Presented ly Capt. S. S. Flower, 1900.

0. 8. 6. 6. Skull, with horns, female. Same locality.

Same history.

0. 8. 6. 4. Skin. White Nile. Same history.

98. 7. 2. 13. Skull, with horns, wanting lower jaw,
North-east Africa. Presented ~by H. Andrew, Esq., 1898.

99. 7. 1. 1. Skull, with horns, female. Faki Kowi,
White Nile. Presented by F. Surges, Esq., 1899.

0. 8. 7. 1. Skin. White Nile.

Presented ly Major H. N. Dunn, 1900.

44 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

C.— Damaliscus korrig-um selousi.

Damaliscus'corrigum selousi, Lydekker, Field, vol. ex, p. 250, 1907,
Game Animals of Africa, p. 117, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big
Game, ed. 6, p. 141, 1910.

Typical locality near Londiani Plateau on the borders of
Uganda and B. E. Africa.

Differs from D. k. tiang by the bright tan of the
nose and of the area round the eye, which is bordered
iuferiorly by the dark streak from the frontal blaze ; the rest
of the head being rufous brown.

7. 3. 11. 3. Head, mounted. Near Mau Escarpment,
B. E. Africa, Type. Presented lij F. C. Selous, Esq., 1907.

D.— Damaliseus korrigiim jonesi.

Damaliscus corrigum jonesi, Lydekker, Field, vol. ex, p. 250, 1907,
Game Animals of Africa, p. 117, 1908; Ward, Records of Big
Game, ed. 6, p. 141, 1910.

Typical locality Kordofan.

No dark streak running from frontal blaze below and
behind eye, and neck browner * than in tiang ; dark markings
on upper part of limbs said to be wanting.

The korrigum and tiang ( = " mud," Suaheli) inhabit
swamps, but this race is stated to be native of waterless
desert tracts.

7. 7. 12. 1. Head, mounted. Kordofan. Type.

Presented ly Walter Jones, Esq., 1907.

E.— Damaliscus korrig'um jimela.

Damalis senegalensis, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1886, p. 176, 1890.

p. 354 ; Noack, Zool. Jahrb. vol. ii, p. 208, 1887 ; nee H. Smith.
Damalis jimela, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1892, p. 135 ;

O. Neumann, ibid. 1900, p. 558.

Bubalis jimeru, Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 203, 1893, errorim.
Damaliscus jimela, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,

p. 67, 1895; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. Ill,

1895 ; Drake-Brockman, Mammals of Somali, p. 59, 1910.
Damaliscus corrigum jimela, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of

Africa, p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 118, 1908 ;

A. H. Neumann, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 171, 1899

* Not redder, as stated in Field, vol. cix, p. 864, 1907.

13U BALING

45

Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 143, 1910 ; Roosevelt,
African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910.

Dainaliscus korrigum jimela, Pococ'k, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 903 ;
Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mamm. Mus. Madrid, p. 125, 1912.

JIMELA.

Typical locality Juba Valley, between Italian Somaliland
and British East Africa.

Differs from typical race by the darker and richer
colouring and absence of a dark eye-stripe. General colour
dark rich reddish brown, with a silky blue gloss ; shoulders
and thighs with large purplish black patches, which extend
down fore-legs to form a garter above knee ; no dark stripe
extending from frontal blaze through eye. Dark markings
absent in immature animals. Height at shoulder 4 feet to
4 feet 2 inches.

The range extends as far south as German East Africa
and Uganda,

93. 4. 10. 4. Skin, immature, mounted. Malindi dis-
trict, B.E.A.

Presented by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1893.

93. 6. 20. 1. Skin. Near Malindi, Africa ; collected by
Sir F. J. Jackson. Presented by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1893.

5. 4. 3. 22. Skull, with horns and skin. S. Ankoli,
Uganda. Presented by Lieut -Col. G. Delme-Radcliffe, 1905.

5. 4. 3. 23. Skin, female. S. Ankoli. Same history.

5. 4. 3. 24. Body-skin, apparently undergoing coat-

change. S. Ankoli.

5. 4. 3. 25. Skin. S. Ankoli.

5. 4. 3. 26-28. Three skulls, with horns.

Same history.
Same history.
S. Ankoli.
Same history.

79. 11. 12. 16. Skull, with horns, female. Juba Valley ;
collected by Sir John Kirk, G.C.M.G., K.C.B. Purchased, 1879.
5. 2. 2. 18-19. Two skulls, with horns and skins. Euaha
Valley, G.E.A.

Presented by Sir Alfred SJiarpc, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1905.

2. 4. 8. 2. Skull, with horns, wanting lower jaw.

Kagora Valley, Ankoli. Presented by Capt. Fisher, 1902.

1. 8. 9. 63. Skull, with horns, and skin, provisionally

referred to this race. Guasin-gishu Plateau, B.E.A.

Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.

46 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

13. 8. 2. 9. Skull and skin, female. Jubaland.

Presented ~by I. N. Dracopoli, Esq., 1913.

13. 8. 2. 7. Skull and skin, foetus at term. Same

locality. Same history.

F.— Damaliscus korrig-um phallus.

Damaliscus phallus, Cabrera, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 998.
Damaliscus corrigum phallus, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,

Suppl. p. 6, 1911.
Damaliscus korrigum phallus, Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mamm. Mus.

Madrid, p. 125, 1912.

Typical locality Guasin-gishu Plateau, north-western
B. E. Africa.

Type in collection of Don Eicardo de la Huerta.

Allied to D. k. jimela, but distinguished by the whitish
buff or white frontal blaze, which in old bulls is stated to be
as white as in a blesbok.

No specimen in collection, unless No. 1. 8. 9. 63 (p. 45) be
referable.

V. DAMALISCUS HUNTEEJ.

Cobus hunteri, Sclater, Field, vol. Ixxiii, p. 260, 1889.

Damalis hunteri, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1889, pp. 58 and 372,

pi. xliii ; Hunter, Willoughby's East Africa, p. 290, 1889.
Alcelaphus hunteri, Lydekker, Field, vol. Ixxvii, p. 858, 1891.
Alcelaphus (Damalis) hunteri, Flower and Lydekker, Study of

Mammals, p. 336, 1891.
Bubalis hunteri, Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 70, 1892 ; Lydekker,

Horns and Hoofs, p. 200, 1893.
Damaliscus hunteri, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,

p. 53, pi. vi, 1894 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa,

p. 166, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 114, 1908 ; Hunter,

Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 166, 1899; Ward, Records

of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 137, 1910.
Beatragus hunteri, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 8,

1912.

HEROLA, or HUNTER'S HARTEBEEST.

Type of Beatragus.

Typical (and only) locality, north side of Tana Valley,
Jubaland.

Distinguished from other members of group by replace-
ment of frontal blaze by a transverse white spectacle-like
mark between the eyes, the white tail-crest, the reversal of

BUBALINJ5 47

the direction of the hairs on the face, the doubly curved
horns, and the presence of only two pairs of lower premolars.
Size medium (shoulder-height about 4 feet), and build
relatively light and graceful. Colour wholly yellowish
tawny, with the exception of the inside of the ears, a
spectacle-like mark between the eyes, and the tail-crest,
which are white. Horns long and slender, directed upwards

FIG. 7. — SKULL AND HORNS OP HEROLA OB HUNTER'S HARTEBEEST
(Damaliscus hunteri}.

and slightly outwards at base, then diverging and inclining
backwards, and finally curving regularly forwards, so that
the long smooth tips point directly upwards. Two pairs of
premolar teeth in lower jaw. Skull relatively light and
slender; basal length 12|, maximum breadth 5J inches.
Good horns measure from 20 to 26^ inches along the front
curve, with a girth of from 5^ to 8J-, and a tip-to-tip interval
of from 9J to 15 J inches. In the skull the nasals are longer

48 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

than in the other members of the group, reaching to the
front margin of the orbits, and are pointed (instead of trun-
cated or blunt) at their junction with the frontals ; the
lachrymals are also longer, and the infraorbital foramina are
divided. The last-named feature and the reduction of the
premolars to two pairs are characters common to Connochcetes ;
while the elongation of the nasals is a character allying the
species to Bubalis, although the form of the occipital region
of the skull is like that of other species of Damaliscus.

89. 8. 3. 8. Skin, mounted. Northern bank of Tana
Eiver, Jubaland. Type. Also skull.

Presented ly H. C. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889.

89. 8. 3. 9. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality.
Figured Proc. Zool. Soc. 1889, p. 372, pi. xlii, and woodcuts.
Also skull. Same history.

89. 8. 3. 10. Skull, with horns. Same locality.

Same history.

3. 1. 13. 1-2. Three skulls, with horns. Tana Valley.
Presented ly Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1903.

10. 4. 20. 6. Skull, with horns, female. Tana Valley.

Presented ly T. J. Muir, Esq., 1910.

12. 7. 2. 6. Skull, with horns (fig. 7), and skin. Kina-
komba, Tana Valley. Presented ly G. Blaine, Esq., 1912.

12.7.2.7. Skull, with horns, and skin, female (?).
Tana Valley. Same history.

12. 12. 7. 1. Head-skin. Same locality. Same history.

III. Genus CONNOCH^TES.

Connochsetes, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 152, 1814 ;

Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 93, 1895 ;

Lonnberg, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xxxv, No. 3, p. 43,

1901, Arkiv Zool. vol. v, No. 10, p. 21, 1909 ; Pocock, Proc.

Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 904.

Cemas, Oken, Lehrbuch Naturgesch. vol. iii, Zool. pt. 2, p. 727, 1816.
Catoblepas, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 366,

1827 ; Eiitimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 49, 1877.
Gorgon, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 139.
Butragus, Blyth, Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 43, 1872.

Eelatively large and clumsily built antelopes, with
moderate elevation of the withers, massive heads, and broad
bristly muzzles. Face with a large tuft of thick black hair

BUBALIN^E

49

between the face-glands, which are also tufted, but devoid
of a central orifice leading to a hairy tube ; nostrils widely

separated, hairy internally; neck inaned; tail long-haired
throughout, and terminal hairs nearly reaching the ground ;
teats two.* Horns smooth, thickened and expanded at base,

* In the Book of Antelopes the number is given incorrectly as 4 :
see Pocock, loc. cit.

II. E

50 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

directed at first either forwards and downwards or outwards,
with the tips pointing upwards or upwards and inwards.
No inguinal glands ; glands in fore-feet only. Skull broad
and heavy, with lower extremities of premaxillse expanded ;
usually two pairs of premolars.

The genus, which is restricted to southern and eastern
Africa, is represented by two very distinct types, which
might well be accorded generic rank if they each included
two or more well-marked species. They may be distin-
guished as follows : —

A. Horns directed at first forwards and down-

wards ; back nearly straight ; tail white ;
14 dorsal vertebrae ; nasals of median
length Connochcetes gnu.

B. Horns directed at first outwards ; back

higher at withers than at croup ; tail
black ; 13 dorsal vertebrae ; nasals elon-
gated Connochcetes taurinus.

From a prehistoric deposit at Haagenstad, 30 miles north
of Bloemfontein, Broom has described (Ann. S. African
Mus., vol. xii, p. 14) an imperfect frontlet of an extinct gnu
(C. antiquus), stated to be intermediate between that of C.
gnu and that of G. taurinus. There is a prominent backward
process at the base of the horn-core, as in G. gnu, but the
horn-core itself curves more outwards than in that species,
and further on is less abruptly bent upwards and backwards.

I. CONNOCH^TES GNU.

Bos gnou, Zimmermann, Spec. Zool. Geogr. p. 372, 1772 ; misspelt.

Antilope gnou, Zimmermann, Geogr. Geschichte, vol. ii, p. 102, 1780 ;
Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 188, 1735 ; Schreber, Sdugthiere,
pi. cclxxx, 1787.

Antilope gnu, Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 189, 1788 ; Kerr,
Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 315, 1792 ; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrage,
p. 634, 1792 ; Link, Beytrage Naturgesch. vol. i, pt. 2, p. 100, 1795 ;
Bechstein, Uebersicht vierfuss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 64, 1792, vol. ii,
p. 641, 1800 ; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 357, pi. cxcvi,
1801 ; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 114, 1802 ; Desmarest,
Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ix, p. 516, 1803, ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 201,
1816; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 247, 1804; Illiger.
Prodromus Syst. Mamm. p. 106, 1811 ; Lichtenstein, Mag. nat.
Freunde, vol. vi, p. 165, 1814 ; G. Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 418,
1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 219, 1815 ;
Gold/uss, Schreber' s Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 1165, 1820 ; F.

BUBALIN^l 51

Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Mamrn. vol. i, livr. xvi, 1820 ; Schinz, Cuvier's
Thierreich, vol. i, p. 399, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 445, 1845 ;
Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 442, 1822 ; Burchell,
List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 7, 1823; Lesson, Man.
Mamm. p. 385, 1827 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 475, 1829 ;
Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii,
p. 633, 1868 ; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41
1838 ; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte, vol. vii, p. 1400, 1838
Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 478, 1844,
vol. v, p. 448, 1855 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 299, 1855.

Antilope capensis, Oatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 80, 1780.

Bos gnu, Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Peter sb. vol. iii, p. 318, 1811.

Cerophorus (Boselaphus) gnu, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816,
p. 75.

Cemas gnu, Oken, Lehrbuch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 728,
1816.

Antilope (Boselaphus) gnu, Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 472,
1822.

Catoblepas gnu, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 367,
vol. v, p. 368, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 93, 1832 ;
A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 224, 1834 ; Lesson,
Hist. Nat. Mamm. p. 305, 1836 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa,
pi. i, 1840 ; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 154, 1843, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 282, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus.
p. 59, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 19, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1850, p. 138; Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 205,
1846 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 195, 1853 ; Fitzinger,
Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 182, 1869 ; Murie,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870, p. 475 ; Drummond, Large Game S. Africa,
p. 425, 1875 ; Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, pp. 286 and 292 ;
Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 287, 1880 ; Blaauw,
Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iii, p. 494, 1886, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1889, p. 2 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 293, 1889.

Catoblepas operculatus, Brookes, Cat. Brookes Mus. p. 64, 1828.

Bos connochaetes, Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 392, 1844.

Connochsetes gnu, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 119, 1852,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 291, 1869, Cat. Ruminants
Brit. Mus. p. 43, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 113,
1873; Gerra.rd, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 243, 1862;
Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 150, 1883; Huet, Bull.
Soc. Acclim. ser. 3, vol. ix, p. 678, vol. x, p. 95, 1883 ; Flower
and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. R. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 274, 1884 ;
Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix)
p. 138, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 170,
1892 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 170, 1891,
Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 148, 1900; Flower and
Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 336, 1891; Ward, Records
of Big Game, p. 74, 1892, ed. 6, p. 158, 1910 ; Nicolls and
Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 48, 1892 ; Lydekker,
Horns and Hoofs, p. 205, 1893, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 194, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 130, 1908 ;
Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. Ill, pi. xii,
1895 ; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 206, 1899 ;
Lonnberg, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xxxv, No. 3, p. 43,

E 2

52 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

1901 ; Blaauw, Zool. Garten, vol. xlvi, p. 6, 1905 ; Pococlc, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 904 ; Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix,
No. 8, p. 3, 1912.
Bubalus gnu, Owen, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 626, 1868.

GNU, or WILDEBEEST.

The type species.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

Size relatively small; shoulder-height about 3 feet
10 inches. Back nearly straight, owing to elevation of
croup ; hairs of face-tuft directed upwards ; a fringe on chin
and between fore-legs, but not on throat. Horns directed at
first forwards and downwards, but finally curving upwards
(in young animals represented only by these upright tips).
General colour dark brown or blackish, with the long hairs
of the head and body black; tail whitish, except near the
root, where it is coloured like the body. Skull with
relatively short and wide nasals and no broad ascending
process to premaxillse; basal length 15 J inches, maximum
width 63 inches. Dorsal vertebrse 14. Good horns measure

o

from 23 to 24 inches along the front curve, with a palm-
breadth of from 7i to 8J, and a tip-to-tip interval of from
11£ to 19J inches.

The range formerly included Africa south of the Limpopo ;
but the species is now to a great extent exterminated in
the wild state.

96. 11. 28. 5. Skin mounted, and skull. Mahemfontein,
Orange Kiver Colony ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq.

Purchased, 1896.

96. 11. 28. 6. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality and
collector. Also skull. Same history.

96. 11. 28. 7. Skin, immature. Same locality and col-
lector. Same history.

645, a. Skin, immature female, mounted. S. Africa.

Old collection.

46. 7. 2. 5. Skin, mounted, young. S. Africa.

Purchased, 1846.

2. 7. 18. 1. Skin, mounted, female. Orange Kiver
Colony. Presented ly C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1902.

2. 7. 18. 2. Skin, mounted, young. Same locality.

Same history.

BUBALIN.E

53

69.8.11.5. Head, mounted, and skull, young. S.Africa.

Purchased, 1869.

50. 11. 22. 70. Skeleton, female. S. Africa. Skull,

with horns, exhibited. Purchased, 1850.

59. 5. 6. 1. Skull, with horns. S. Africa. Length of

horns 29f inches. Presented ly J. Butter, Esq., 1859.

58. 3. 17. 1. Skull, with horns. S. Africa.

Purchased, 1858.
48. 6. 28. 2. Skull, with horns. S. Africa.

Purchased (Stevens), 1848.

FIG. 9. — SKULL AND HORNS OF GNU (Connochates gnu).

48. 8. 29. 1. Skull, with horns. S. Africa. Length of
horns 27J inches. Purchased, 1848.

645, a. Skull, with horns. S. Africa.

Presented ty J. Hillier, Esq.
6. 11. 16. 1. Skin. Prynnsberg, Orange Eiver Colony.

Presented ly C. Newberry, Esq., 1906.
6. 11. 16. 2. Skull, with horns. Prynnsberg.

Same history.
6. 11. 16. 3. Skull, with horns. Same locality.

Same history.

1. 7. 25. 1. Facial part of skull, with horns, and scalp-
skin, immature. Bosh of, Orange Eiver Colony.

Presented ly Lieut. -Col. A. H. Courtenay, 1901.

54 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

II. CONNOCH^ETES TAUKINUS.

Antilope taurina, Burchell, Travels in S. Africa, vol. ii, p. 278, 1824,
List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 7, 1825 ; J. B. Fischer,
Synop. Mamm. p. 476, 1829 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37,
Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm.
vol. ii, p. 447, 1845 ; Giebel, Saugethiere, p. 299, 1855.

Catoblepas taurinus, H. Smith, Griffiths Animal Kingdom, vol. iv,
p. 369, vol. v, p. 368, 1827 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 642,
1830; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 94, 1834; A. Smith, S.
African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 233, 1834, Illustr. S. African
Zool. pi. xxxviii, 1849; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. p. 305, 1836;
Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. ; Sundevall, K. SvensJca Vet.-Ak.
Handl. 1844, p. 205, 1846; Fitzinger, Sitzber. ~k. Ak. Wiss.
Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 182, 1869; Brehm, Thierleben, Sauge-
thiere, vol. iii, p. 290, 1880.

Catoblepas gorgon, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv,
p. 368, vol. v, p. 369, 1827 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 643,
1830 ; A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 233, 1834 ;
Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. p. 306, 1836 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S.
Africa, pi. iv, 1840 ; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 154,
1843, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232. 1846,
Knowsley Menagerie, p. 20, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 139 ;
TemmincJc, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 193, 1853; Sclater, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 103 ; Kirk, ibid. p. 660 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber.
~k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. i, p. 182, 1869; Drummond,
Large Game S. Africa, p. 425, 1875 ; Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1881, p. 764, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 226, 1881 ;
Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 293, 1889 ; Barkley, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1894, p. 131.

Antilope gorgon, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere Suppl. vol. iv,
p. 474, 1844, vol. v, p. 448, 1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii,
p. 446, 1845 ; Peters, Reise nach Mozambique, Sdugeth. p. 192,
1852; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates,
vol. iii, p. 633, 1868.

Connochaetes gorgon, Gray, Cat. TJngulata Brit. Mus. p. 121, 1852 ;
Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 243, 1862.

Gorgon fasciatus, Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 43, 1872,
Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 114, 1873.

Butragus corniculatus, Blyth, Gray Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 43,
1872.

Connochaetes taurinus, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 150,
1883, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, pi. xlviii ; Flower and Garson, Cat.
Osteol. Mus. R. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 275, 1884; JentinJc, Cat.
Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 137, 1887, Cat.
Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 170, 1892 ; Crawshay,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 663 ; Flower and Lydekker, Study of
Mammals, p. 336, 1891 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in
S. Africa, p. 47, 1892 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 72, 1892,
ed. 6, p. 151, 1910; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 205, 1893,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 194, 1899, Game Animals
of Africa, p. 134, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes,
vol. i, p. 95, pi. xi, 1895 ; Matschie, Saugethiere Deutsch-Ost-

BUBALIN^l 55

afrika, p. 113, 1895; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 194, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i,
p. 152, 1900 ; Eenshaw, Nat. Hist. Essays, p. 87, 1904 ; Letcher,
Big Game N. E. Rhodesia, p. 208, 1911.

Catoblepas reichei, NoacJc, Zool. Anz. 1893, p. 153.

Gorgon taurimis, PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 906.

Connochsetes taurius, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8,
p. 3, 1912.

Gorgon taurius, Heller, op. cit.

BRINDLED GNU, or BLUE WILDEBEEST.

Type of Gorgon.

Typical locality Beclman aland.

Somewhat larger than C. gnu; shoulder-height from
4 feet 3 to 4 feet 4J inches. Back sloping away from withers
to croup ; hairs of face-tuft, which is very large and bristly,
directed downwards ; no long fringe between fore-legs.
Horns less expanded at base than in C. gnu, directed at first
mainly outwards, and then curving upwards and inwards, in
a fashion recalling those of the Cape buffalo. General
colour ranging from pale grizzled roan to blackish slaty
brown, with more or less distinct vertical dark stripes — most
conspicuous in light-coloured races — on sides of neck and
fore-quarters ; typically the face — except for a paler area
between eyes — chin, mane, and throat-fringe black ; tail
coloured above like back, inferiorly, together with the long
hairs, black. Skull with long, Bubalis-like, nasals, and a
broad ascending process to premaxillse ; length 18J-, maximum
width 7f inches. Dorsal vertebrae 13. Good horns measure
from 30 to 33J inches in outside span, with a length along
front curve of from 20 to 23J, a palm-breadth of from 4 to 6 J,
and a tip-to-tip interval of from 16 to 26 J inches.

The range extends from the Vaal Kiver through Zambesia
and Nyasaland to German and British East Africa.

The local races are distinguishable as follows : —

A. Throat-fringe black.

a. No frontal chevron C. t. taurinus.

b. A whitish chevron (at least usually) below

eyes C. t. johnstoni.

B. Throat-fringe more or less yellowish white.

a. Some black hairs in throat-fringe C. t. hecM.

b. Throat-fringe wholly yellowish white C. t. albojubatus.

56 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

A. — Connochsetes taurinus taurinus.

Connochastes taurinus typicus, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 194, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 153,
1910.

Typical locality Bechuanaland.

Face and throat-fringe black ; the former without a white
chevron.

The range extends as far north as the Zambesi.
138, I. Skin, mounted, female. Madji Mountains,
Bechuanaland. Type.

Presented ly Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817.
42. 4. 11. 10-11. Two skins, one a young female. South
Africa ; collected by Sir Andrew Smith.

Purchased ( Warwick), 1842.
11. 16. 12. 1. Skin, mounted. K E. Ehodesia.

Presented ly L. A. Wallace, Esq., C.M.&., 1911.
7. 7. 9. 1. Skin, mounted, young. Bred at Woburn,
Beds. Presented ly the, Duke of Bedford, K.9., 1907.

99. 6. 9. 1. Head, mounted. Africa.

Presented ly W. Woodlyrne, Esq., 1899.

7. 2. 21. 1. Head, mounted. Bechuanaland.

Presented ly J. W. Bowen, Esq., 1907.
86. 5. 5. 12. Skeleton, mounted. Sebakwi Kiver,
Mashonaland ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq.

Purchased, 1886.

89. 2. 4. 2. Frontlet and horns. Swaziland; collected
by Morton Green, Esq. Maximum span 28 inches.

Purchased, 1889.
48. 7. 13. 1. Skull, with horns. S. Africa.

Purchased, 1848.

8. 3. 17. 4. Skull, with horns. Portuguese East Africa.

Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1908.
7. 4. 12. 1. Skull, with horns. Barotsiland.

Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1907.

6. 5. 2. 1. Skin. East bank of Loangwa Eiver, Ehodesia.

Presented ly H. Cookson, Esq., 1906.

6. 5. 2. 2. Skin. Same locality. Same history.

The following specimens may be racially distinct : —
10. 9. 26. 1-4. Three skulls, with horns, and four skins.

57

Locality unkuowu. lu Nos. 2 and 3 much of the mane and
throat-fringe is rufous brown, but in No. 1 these are almost
wholly black. Presented ly C. H. B. Grant, Esq., 1910.

B.— Connoehsetes taurinus johnstoni.

Connochaetes taurinus johnstoni, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896,

p. 606; LydeTcker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 136, 1908 ; Ward,

Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 153, 1910.
Connochaetes johnstoni, de Beaux, Zool. Anz. vol. xxxviii, p. 579,

1911.
(?) Connochaetes taurinus (vel johnstoni) rufigianus, de Beaux, Zool.

Anz. vol. xxxviii, p. 579, 1911.

Typical locality Nyasaland.

Characterised by the frequent or general presence of a
white frontal chevron associated with a black throat-fringe ;
face mainly chestnut, and body-colour apparently browner
than in typical race.

96. 4. 23. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. South end of
Lake Chilwa, Nyasaland. Type.

Presented ly H. C. McDonald, Esq., 1896.
99. 6. 29. 5. Skull, with horns, but wanting lower jaw,
and skin. Zomba, Nyasaland.

Presented ly Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B.
9. 6. 26. 4-5. Two head-skins. Nyasaland.

Presented by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1910.

C.— Connoehsetes taurinus heeki.

Connochaetes hecki, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905,

p. 96.
Connochaetes taurinus hecki, LydeMer, Game Animals of Africa,

p. 136, 1908.

Typical locality Kibaya.

Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann.

Stated to be closely related to next race, but to have
some black hairs in the throat-fringe, and the face varying
from greyish white to bright rufous.

No specimen in collection.

58 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

D.— Connoehaetes taurinus albojubatus.

Gonnochsetes taurinus albojubatus, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
ser. 6, vol. ix, p. 388, 1892 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 75,
1892, ed. 6, p. 156, 1910 ; LydelcJcer, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 194, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 136, 1908,
Field, vol. cxiv, p. 586, 1909 ; Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect.
vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 3, 19.10.

Connochaetes albojubatus, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes,
vol. i, p. 105, 1895 ; Matschie, Saugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika,
p. 113, 1895 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1900,
p. 558 ; Lonnberg, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5,
p. 150, 1912 ; Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910.

Gorgon albojubatus, Pocock, Proc. Zqol. Soc. 1910, p. 906 ; Cabrera,
Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 125, 1912.

Including Gorgon taurinus mearnsi, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect.
vol. Ixi, no. 17, p. 1, 1913.

WHITE-BEARDED GNU.

Typical locality Athi Plains, B. E. Africa.

Throat-fringe dirty yellowish white, and a few white
hairs in rnane; general colour typically paler than in
C. t. taurinus, but in some cases very dark, being blackish
slate on fore-quarters. A white frontal chevron may be
present.

The type skull is stated to be rather wider and shorter
than that of the typical race, but others are larger. The
range extends from the Athi Plains to Ukambani, north of
Kilimanjaro, and the west side of the Victoria Nyanza.

92. 6. 24. 2. Skull, with horns. Athi Plains, B. E.
Africa. Type. Scalp in collection of donor.

Presented ~by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1892.

92. 10. 18. 4. Skin, mounted. Kilimanjaro ; collected
by Sir F. J. Jackson. Purchased, 1892.

8. 1. 8. 5. Head, mounted, light phase. Guaso-nyero
Valley, B. E. Africa.

Presented by R. J. Cuninghame, Esq., 1908.

8. 1. 8. 6. Head, mounted, dark phase. Same locality.

Same history.

2. 11. 18. 3. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Athi
Valley. Presented by R. Crawshay, Esq., 1902.

2. 11. 18. 4. Skull, with horns, and head-skin, female.
Kilimakin, Ukamba. Same history.

0. 3. 18. 14. Skull, with horns, wanting lower jaw.
Athi Plains. Presented ty S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1900.

BUBALIN^l 59

0. 3. 18. 15. Skull, with horns, female. Same locality.

Same history.

0. 3. 18. 16. Skin. Same locality. Same history.

0. 3. 18. 17. Skin. Same locality. Same history.

98. 1. 5. 14. Skin. Machakos, Athi Plains.

Same donor, 1898.

7. 10. 4. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin. South of
Mount LongoDot, B. E. Africa.

Presented by H. Holmes Tarn, Esq., 1910.

8. 1. 31. 1-4. Four skins, wanting the head. Athi Valley.
No. 2 is very dark. Presented ~by the Master of Belhaven, 1908.

8. 1. 31. 5. A similar specimen. Thika Valley, B. E.
Africa. Same history.

8. 1. 8. 1-4. Four imperfect skins. Athi Plains. No. 2
is very dark ; No. 3 is rather lighter on the hind-quarters,
and No. 4 is everywhere considerably lighter, so that the
briii die, which in the other specimens is only visible in
certain lights, shows out plainly.

Presented by R. J. Cuninghame, Esq., 1908.

9. 3. 10. 1. Incomplete skin, female. South of Lake
Nuivasha, B.E.A. Medium in colour. Same donor, 1909.

63. 7. 7. 7. Head-skin and skull, with horns, young.
Uzaraino. Presented "by Capt. J. H. Spekc, 1863.

63. 7. 7. 6. Skull, with horns, female. Same locality.

Same history.

10. 6. 10. 4. Skull, with horns, miniature. Lanjora, B. E.
Africa. Presented by Dr. W. J. Ansorge, 1910.

93. 6. 20. 3. Skull, with horns, female. Kilimanjaro ;
collected by Sir F. J. Jackson. Purchased, 1893.

NOTE.

Catoblepas brookii, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv,
pi. facing p. 366, fig. 1, 1827, seeins to be based on a horn of the
domesticated cattle of Bornu, see LydekJcer, The Ox and Its Kindred,
p. 162, 1912.

SUBFAMILY vi.— CEPHALOPHIIsUE.

Size medium or small. Tail medium, slender, even-haired
or tufted. Muzzle with a small bare muffle, and small
nostrils. Face-glands placed nearly midway between eyes

60 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

and nostrils, not invaginated or valvular, but marked
externally by bare streaks of skin serially studded with
pores ; foot-glands, which are present in both pairs of limbs
of the general type of those of the Bubcdince, and the web of
the pasterns, which reaches only to the base of the hoofs,
closely folded, and on the back devoid of hairs for a longer
or shorter distance ; hoofs normal ; lateral hoofs well
developed ; inguinal glands present or absent ; when present,
widely separated from teats ; teats 4.

Horns (which are probably heteronymous) frequently
present in females; in both sexes relatively small, simply
conical, in males with rugosities near the base, which is
often thickened. Skull with lachrymal depressions, but no
lachrymal vacuities or supraorbital pits ; frontals prolonged
backwards between paiietals, with horns rising from the
extemities of such projections. Upper molars brachyodont,
with broad crowns. Vertebrae : c. 7, D. 14, L. 5, s. 4, ca. 9-10.

The distributional area includes the greater part of
Africa to the southward of the northern tropic.

Genus CEPHALOPHUS.

Cephalophus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 344,
1827 ; Biitimeyer, Abh. schweie. pal. (?es. vol. iv, p. 54, 1877 ;
Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 418 ; Sclater and Thomas,
Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 121, 1895 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1910, p. 871.

Cephalolophus,* emendatio, Wagnsr, Giebel, and others.

General characters those of the subfamily (of which tliis
genus is the sole representative). Head furnished with a
tuft or crest of long bristly hair on the vertex, enveloping
the bases of the horns, when these are present.

The genus may be divided into the following three sub-
generic groups :—

A. Inguinal glands present, in the form of deep pouches.

opening far away from the teats.

a. Horns directed backwards in plane of face ;

ears short Cephalophus.

b. Horns directed upwards and backwards so as

to form an obtuse angle with plane of face ;

ears longer Sylvicapra.

B. Inguinal glands absent Gfaevei.

* In quoting references Cephalophus and Cephalolophus are taken
as identical.

01

The following is a key to the :\:\ mnnl>ere<l spe,eies of the
hen- recognised (some only pm\ isioimlly) : —

A. Horns (usually absent in female) directed upwards

and backwards to form ;m obtuse angle with

plane of face ; ears relatively long and pointed. ('. </riin>n,i, in-

cluding C. Ivucoprosopua, of which
the right to diHtinction is not clear.

B. Horns (usually present in female) directed back

wards in piano of face; ears medium or short,
rounded.

A'. Size large ; length of hind-foot (excluding
hoof) more than 11 inches, or 280 mm. ;
a.l length of skull exceeding 9J inches
(240 mm.).

a. General colour blackish, with triangular

black patch on loins .............................. C. sylvicultrix.

b. General colour grey on body and black on

head and neck .................................... C. jentinki.

B'. Size medium or small ; length of hind-foot
(exclusive of hoof) not exceeding 10 J inches
(260 mm.) ; basal length of skull not more
than about 8J inches, or 220 mm.
A". Inguinal glands present.

a. Hind-quarters transversely banded ......... C. doricK.

b. Hind-quarters not transversely banded.
a1. Hair on part of nape directed forwards.

a2. A black blaze on face.

a8. Body-hair short and close ............ C. wcynsi.

b3. Body-hair bicker and more woolly ;

colour darker ........................ C.johnstoni.

b*. No black on face ........................... C. brooJcei.

a"1. Hair of nape directed uniformly back-

wards.

a3. Colour tawny, rufous, or chestnut.
a*. Colour uniform, no face-blaze.

a5. Size larger .......................... C. spadix.

b6. Size smaller ; length of hind-foot,
without hoof, 7$ inches (198
mm.).
a6. Some black in crest ............ C. natalensis.

bn. Crest wholly red or orange ... C. centratis.
I >*. Dark markings on face or back, or

on both.
a7. Darker markings shiny black or

brown.

a8. Back rufous, no dorsal stripe.
a9. Colour dark chestnut above

and below ..................... C. nigrifrons.

olour deeper and riolu-r.
a . ('hin white ................ C. rubiduB.

610. Chin dark .. C. cltwdi.

62 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

c9. Colour pale bay, lighter below

than above.

a11. Forehead and tuft typically
black in middle and chest-
nut on sides C.

bn. Forehead mainly rufous,

tuft mahogany C. ignifer.

c11. Tuft wholly chestnut C. leopoldi.

b8. A black dorsal stripe.

a12. Middle line of face darker than
flanks ; dorsal stripe from
nape.
a13. Tail black and white ; back

of hams rufous or white.
a14. Back of hams white ; tail

tufted C. leucogaster.

6U. Back of hams rufous ;

tail not tufted.
a15. No white spot above
eye.

a16. Size larger C. dorsalis.

616. Size smaller C. castaneus.

615. A white spot above
eye, continued as a

line to nose C. leucochilus.

&12. Face uniformly rufous yellow,
like flanks ; dorsal stripe

from withers C. ogilbyi.

613. Tail almost wholly black,

as are hams C. callipygus.

V. Darker markings bluish grey C. rufilatus.

b3. General colour smoky brown or blackish.

a. Face tawny, tending in some cases

to rufous or black C. niger.

b. Face black C. walkeri.

B". Inguinal glands wanting.

a. Legs greyish brown, like body.

a'. Bump not parti-coloured ; size larger C.maxwelli.

b'. Bump parti- coloured ; size smaller C. melanorhcus.

b. Legs largely rufous ; rump not parti-coloured.
a1. Size larger ; skull longer.

a,2. Amount of rufous on legs and of whitish

on under-parts medium C. monticola.

fe2. More rufous on legs and body, and less

white on under-parts C. nyasce.

c2. More white on under-parts than in

mon ticola ; hoofs smaller C. hecki.

b'. Size smaller; skull shorter; otherwise

much as in nyasce C. simpsoni.

c. Legs brown ; size larger than in any other

members of this subgroup C. lug ens.

CEPHALOPHIN/E 63

1. SUBGBNUS CEPHALOPHUS.

Grimmia, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841.

Terpone, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 592.

Potamotragus, Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 24, 1872.

Cephalophia

Cephalopidium

Cephalophelia

Cephalops

Cephalophela

Knottnerus- Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii,
pt. 1, p. 99, 1907, as subgenera.

Inguinal glands, in the shape of a pair of deep pouches
opening considerably in advance of the teats, present ; horns
directed backwards in the plane of the face, usually absent
in female ; ears relatively small and rounded.

I. CEPHALOPHUS SYLVICULTKIX.

Antilope sylvicultrix, Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 265,
pi. viii, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1238,
1818; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 462, 1822; Lesson,
Man. Mamm. p. 378, 1827 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 457,
1829 ; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838.

Antilope silvicultrix, Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Verte-
brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868.

Antilope (Cephalophus) sylvicultrix, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal
Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 258, vol. v, p. 344, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat.
Mamm. p. 293, 1836, N. Table Regn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178,
1842; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840;
Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. iv, p. 446, 1844, vol. v,
p. 422, 1855 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 322, 1855.

Cephalophus sylvicultrix, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 214, 1834 ; Grayt Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 163, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 10, pi. xxiii, fig. 3, 1850,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 122, 1871, p. 595, Cat. Ungulata Brit.
Mus. p. 83, 1852, Cat. Euminants Brit. Mus. p. 26, 1872, Hand-
List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 94, 1873 ; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1850, p. 170 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 233,
1853; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862;
Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien. vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ;
Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1870, p. 222 ; Jentirik, Notes Leyden
Mus. vol. x, p. 20, 1888, vol. xxii, p. 179, 1901; Bilttikofer,
Reisebilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 376, 1890 ; Flower and Lydekker,
Study of Mammals, p. 338, 1891; Matschie, Mitth. deutsch.
Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of
Antelopes, vol. i, p. 125, pi. xiii, 1895 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1910, p. 873.

Antilope (Grimmia) sylvicultrix, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat.
vol. i, p. 624, 1841.

64 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Sylvicapra sylvicultrix, Sundevall, K. SvensTca Vet.- Ah '. Handl. 1844,

p. 190, 1846.
Cephalophus punctulatus, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, pi. viii, fig. 1,

1850.
Cephalophus longiceps, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 204 ; Bocage,

J. Sci. Lisb. vol. ii, p. 220, 1869.

Terpone longiceps, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 502, Cat. Rumi-
nants Brit. Mus. p. 24, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus.

p. 93, 1873.
Cephalophus melanoprymnus, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 594,

pi. xliv.
Potamotragus melanoprymnus, Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus.

p. 25, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 94, 1873.
Cephalophus ruficrista, Bocage, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 744.
Cephalophus sylvicultor, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 416, 1902,

vol. i, p. 1 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 77, 1892, ed. 6,

p. 167, 1910 ; LydeJcJcer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 213, 1893, Great

and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of

Africa, p. 144, 1908 ; Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxii,

p. 187, 1901 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391,

1907.
Cephalophus thomasi, Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxii, p. 187,

1901 ; a provisional name for Congo form.
Cephalophus sclateri, Jentink, op. cit. 1901 ; a provisional name for a

skull with curved horns.
Cephalophus coxi, Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxviii, p. 117,

1906 ; Lydektcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 146, 1908.
Cephalophus ituriensis, M. Rothschild and Neuville, C. R. Ac. Sci.

Paris, vol. cxliv, p. 98, 1907 ; LydeJcTcer, Game Animals of Africa,

p. 147, 1908.
Cephalophus sylvicultor coxi, Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6,

p. 167, 1910.

YELLOW-BACKED DUIKER.

The type species ; also type of Terpone and Potamotragus.

Typical locality Sierra Leone.

Size largest of the group; shoulder-height 34 inches;
length of ear 4, of hind-foot 13 J inches. Form stout and
heavy; ears short, broad, and rounded, their length much
inferior to distance between eye and muzzle ; coat very short
on fore-quarters, longer on loins, but in adult worn away so
as to expose whitish under-fur or skin ; general colour dark
blackish brown ; crest, which is fully developed only in sub-
adult individuals, orange or rufous ; muzzle, cheeks, chin, and
ear-tips whitish ; a broad triangular pale yellowish area on
loins, extending forwards to middle of back; in young
animals the hairs of this yellow area tipped with black, while
those of rest of body have white tips. Horns, of which good

CEPHALOPHIN^:

65

specimens grow to 6J inches in length, relatively large,
divergent, slender, evenly tapering, and somewhat roughened
at hase. Skull relatively slight, slender, and long, with
median palatal notch in advance of lateral ones ; basal length
10J, maximum width 4-J, interval between muzzle and orbit
6 J inches. The range extends from the west coast through the
forest-zone to N. E. Khodesia. The characters given by their
describers as respectively distinctive of the N. E. Ehodesian

FIG. 10. — FRONT AND SIDE VIEWS OF SKULL AND HORNS OF YELLOW-
BACKED DUIKER (Cephaloplius sylvicultrix) .

C. coxi and the Ituri C. ituriensis do not appear to be even
of racial value. If ituriensis were a distinct race it is quite
probable that it would be inseparable from thomasi.

78. 7. 16. 3. Skin, mounted. Fanti. Also skull.

Purchased, 1878.

64. 12. 1. 12. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gabun ;
collected by Monsieur P. du Chaillu. Type of C. longiceps.

Purchased, 1864.

71. 5. 27. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality
and collector. Type of C. mclanoprymnus. Purchased, 1871.

55. 12. 26. 161. Skull, with horns, and skin. Sierra
Leone. Described and skull figured by Gray, Proc. Zool.
Soc., 1871, p. 594. Purchased, 1855.

II. F

66 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

78. 7. 16. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti.

Purchased, 1878.

88. 7. 4. 4. Skeleton, female. Fanti. Purchased, 1888.

44. 9. 7. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.

Sierra Leone. Presented ~by the Earl of Derby, 1844.

6. 6. 13. 7. Skin. West Africa.

Purchased (Stevens), 1863.

7. 1. 8. 11. Skull, with horns, female. Southern Nigeria.

Presented ~by Elphinstone Dayrell, Esq., 1907.
11. 3. 19. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns, and skins.
Mbaya, south-east Congo.

Presented ly F. R. Williams, Esq., 1911.

10. 6. 1. 37-8. Two skulls, with horns (fig. 10), and skins.
Oban, Southern Nigeria. Presented by P. A. Talbot, Esq., 1910.

0. 12. 15. 1. Skin. Prang, Ashanti.

Presented ly C. Beddington, Esq., 1900.
S3. 7. 27. 1. Skin, young. Lagos.

Presented ly Capt. C. A. Moloney, 1883.

11. 6. 2. 12. Skin, young. Bibianaha, Gold Coast,

Presented ly Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell, 1911.

The following specimens belong to the so-called C. eoxi :—

8. 3. 24. 1. Skin, mounted. N. E. Rhodesia.

Presented ly J. Eowland Ward, Esq., 1908.

2. 1. 16. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. N. E.
Rhodesia. Presented ly R. Codrington, Esq., 1902.

3. 12. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kambovi,
N. W. Rhodesia. Presented ly G. Milstead, Esq., 1903.

II. CEPHALOPHUS JENTINKI.

Antilope (Terpone) longiceps, Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. vii,

p. 272, pi. x, 1885, nee Gray.
Terpone longiceps, Jentink, op. cit. vol. x, p. 19, 1888, Cat. Mamm.

Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 158, 1892 ; Biittikofer,

Eeiselilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 374, 1890.

Cephalophus jentinki, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 417 ;
Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 213, 1893, Great and Small Game
of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 148, 1908;
Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 131, pi. xv,
1895 ; Eendall, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 216, 1899 ;
Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxii, p. 183, 1901.

CEPHALOPHIN.E 67

JENTINK'S DUIKER.

Typical locality Liberia.

In size somewhat inferior to sylvicultrix, but general
build similar; shoulder-height about 30 inches, length of
ear 4, of hind-foot 12 inches. Head (exclusive of lips, chin,
and inside of ears), neck, and chest-stripe black; behind
this dark area the general colour is dark grizzled grey, owing
to the black and white ringing of the hairs, except for a
whitish collar on shoulders and chest, the axillae, groin, and
legs being also whitish, apart from a darker mark just below
base of shoulder. Skull relatively longer than in sylvicultrix,
being, in fact, practically identical in size with that of latter.

89. 7. 31. 1. Skin, mounted, and skeleton. Liberia ;
collected by Dr. J. Biittikofer. Type. Purchased, 1889.

III. CEPHALOPHUS SPADIX.

Cephalophus spadix, True, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xiii, p. 227,
1890, vol. xv, p. 473, p. Ixxviii and Ixxix ; Thomas, Proc. ZooL
Soc. 1892, p. 418; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 209, 1893,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals
of Africa, p. 116, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes,
vol. i, p. 135, 1895 ; Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika,
p. 116, 1895.

Typical locality Kilimanjaro district, German East Africa.

Type in U.S. National Museum.

Size relatively large, but shoulder-height not given;
length of ear 4^, of hind-foot, without hoof, 9J inches.
General colour dusky chestnut-brown, as dark below as
above ; forehead dusky brown, like body ; chin and throat
pale greyish brown ; hairs of crest mostly chestnut-red with
black tips, but some uniformly dusky and others white ;
legs somewhat lighter in front than behind; tail dusky,
except for a few white hairs at tip. Basal length of skull
8J inches ; maximum width 4 inches, length of nasals
3| inches.

o

9. 8. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Shuma Forest,
Tanga, G. E. Africa.

Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1909.

F 2

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

IV. CEPHALOPHUS NATALENSIS.

Cephalophus natalensis, A. Smith, 8. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 217, 1834, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, Mamm. pi. xxxii, 1841 ;
Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 166, 1846,
Knowsley Menagerie, p. 10, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 123,
1871, p. 598, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 85, 1852, Cat. Rumi-
nants Brit. Mus. p. 27, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus.
p. 96, 1873, ; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 170 ; Gerrard,
Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Blyth, Cat. Mamm.
Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 168, 1863 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k.
Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; Drummond, Large
Game S. Africa, p. 391, 1875 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind.
Mus. pt. ii, p. 168, 1891, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 161,
1900; Jentink, Cat. Mamm. Ley den Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas,
vol. xi) p. 162, 1892; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S.
Africa, p. 23, 1892; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 419;
Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 77, 1892, ed. 6, p. 165, 1910 ;
Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 209, 1893, Great and Small
Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 149,
1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 139,
1895; Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. v, no. 10, p. 2, 1909;
Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 277, 1911.

Cephalophorus natalensis, Gray. List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163, 1843.

Sylvicapra natalensis, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 190, 1846.

Antilope (Cephalolophus) natalensis, Wagner, Schreber's Saugthiere,
Suppl. vol. iv, p. 453, 1844, vol. v, p. 426, 1855 ; Giebel, Sduge-
thiere, p. 321, 1855.

NATAL DUIKER.

Typical locality Natal.

Size relatively small ; shoulder-height about 17 inches,
length of ear 2 J, of hind-foot 7|- inches. Build slender ;
colour uniformly tawny or chestnut, with a faintly marked
redder streak over eyebrows, the back of neck greyish
brown, and the chin and throat whitish ; tail slender, rufous
at root, brown, tipped with white, at extremity ; horns much
thickened at base, and attaining a length of about 3 inches
in good specimens. Basal length of skull 5| inches, maxi-
mum width, 2|, length from orbit to muzzle 3| inches.

The following races have been named : —

A. Size small, length of hind-foot usually less than
7f- inches (199 mm.) ; colour dark ; ears short,
3 inches (76 mm.).

a. General colour tawny, with nape pale slaty

grey C. n. natalensis.

b. General colour richer, redder on back and

yellower on flanks with nape nearly black C. n. amcenus.

CEPHALOPHIN.E 59

. Size larger, length of hind-foot exceeding 7 J inches
(199 mm.) ; colour paler ; ears longer, 3£ inches
(84 mm.).

a. General colour tawny ochery, paler beneath ... C. n. robertsi.

b. General colour paler, dirty white beneath C.n. bradshawi.

A.— Cephalophus natalensis natalensis.

Typical locality Natal.

Size small, with ears not exceeding 76 mm. General
colour, with paler under-parts; throat as far back as ears
white, elsewhere, together with chest and cheeks, lighter
than under-parts ; nape pale slaty grey, with a brownish
tinge ; a greyish tint on face above nostrils.

42. 4. 11. 4. Skull and skin, female. Natal. Type.

Purchased (South African Museum), 1842.

49. 3. 26. 2. Skull, immature, female. S. Africa.
Figured in " Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus.," p. 85, pi. x, fig. 1.

Purchased, 1847.

40. 6. 24. 11. Skull, with horns, and skin. Natal;
collected by Dr. A. Krauss. Purchased, 1840.

4. 12. 3. 92. Skull, with horns, and skin. Umvolosi
Valley, Zululand ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented ~by C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904.

4. 12. 3. 93. A similar specimen. Same locality and
collector. Same history.

97. 1. 5. 1. Skin. South Africa. From the collection
of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart.

Presented ly Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897.

B. — Cephalophus natalensis amoenus.

Cephalophus natalensis amo3nus, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 277, 1911 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,
SuppL p. 8, 1911.

Typical locality Barberton, Transvaal.

General colour darker than in typical race, with the back
redder, the flanks yellower, the under-parts scarcely lighter
than back, and the lower part of throat rather paler than
under-parts ; nape nearly black. Length of tail 3f inches
(89 mm.), of hind-foot 7| (199 mm.), of ear 3 (76 mm.)

70 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

inches ; length of skull 5f inches (143 mm.), maximum
breadth 2? (72 mm.); length of row of upper cheek-teeth
If inches (44 mm.).

94. 11. 4. 1. Skin, mounted. De Kaap, Barberton,
Transvaal. Presented ty Dr. P. Rendall, 1894.

94. 11. 4. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Hoodies,
Barberton. Same history.

9. 11. 4. 3. Skull and skin, female. De Kaap.

Same history.

6. 11. 7. 13. Skull, with horns, and skin. Legogot,
Barberton ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Type.

Presented by C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1906.

6. 11. 7. 14. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality
and collector. Same history.

6. 11. 7. 15. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and
collector. Same histori/.

C.— Cephalophus natalensis robertsi.

Cephalophus robertsi, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 691.
Cephalophus natalensis vassei, Trouessart, Bull. Mus. Paris, 1907,

p. 443.
Cephalophus natalensis robertsi, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.

ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 278, 1911 ; LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa,

Suppl. p. 9, 1911.

Typical locality Portuguese East Africa.

Type in Tring Museum.

Size rather larger than in typical race. General colour
tawny ochery, paler and yellower than in the latter, and
1 ower part of throat only slightly tinged with rufous ; under-
parts lighter than back; nape darker than in typical race,
the hairs where the dark nape-patch fades into the general
colour being distinctly ringed with dark slate and ochery ; an
ash-grey patch above nostrils, which is absent in n. natalensis
and represented by a short and narrow median line in
amcenus. Length of tail 4-^f inches (121 mm.), of hind-foot
7|f inches (197 mm.), of ear 3| inches (85 mm.) ; basal length
of skull 7-^g- inches (184 mm.), maximum width 2}f inches
(74 mm.); length of upper row of cheek-teeth barely 1J
inches (46 mm.).

6. 11. 8. 139. Skull, with horns, and skin. Coguno,

CEPIIALOPIIIN^: 71

Inhambanc District, Portuguese East Africa ; collected 1 >y
Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Prcxni/r,? />// C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1906.

6. 11. 8. 140-141. Two skulls, with horns, and skins,
female. Same locality and collector. Same history.

8. 1. 1. 121-122. Two skulls, with horns, and skins.
Gorongoga, P. E. A. ; same collector. Same donor, 1908.

D.— Cephalophus natalensis bradshawi.

Cephalophus natalensis bradshawi, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
ser. 8, vol. viii, p. 279, 1911 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,
Suppl. p. 9, 1911.

Typical locality Shiri Valley, Nyasaland.

Differs from robcrtsi by the much lighter and more yellow
tint of the pale tawny ochery of the general colour ; and by
that part of the throat not occupied by the white throat-
patch, the chest, the inner sides of the fore-legs, and the under-
parts being nearly white, with only a slight rufous tinge ;
nape-patch slightly and nasal patch markedly more pro-
nounced than in robertsi. Basal length of skull barely 5J
inches (144 mm.) ; maximum breadth 2f inches (70 mm.) ;
length of row of upper cheek-teeth 1-J-J inches (45 mm.).

11. 6. 16. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, female,
Chiromo, Shiri Valley, Nyasaland. Type.

Presented ~by Major C. P. Bradshaiv, 1911.

V. CEPHALOPHUS CENTEALIS.

Cephalophus centralis, M. Rothschild and Neuville, C. R. Ac. Sci.
Paris, vol. cxliv, p. 217, 1907 ; LydeTtTter, Game Animals of
Africa, p. 150, 1908.

Typical locality Ituri Forest.

Distinguished from the typical form of C. natalensis by
the more exclusively sombre colour of the face, the wholly
red head-crest, which shows no black hairs, the brighter tint
of the forehead, and the rather larger bodily size.

As this duiker is not included by Wroughton among the
races of C. natalensis, it is provisionally allowed specific
rank, although it is probably nothing more than a local form
of the latter.

No specimen in collection.

72 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

VI. CEPHALOPHUS NIGKIFEONS.

Cephalophus nigrifrons, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 578, pi. xlvi,
Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 27, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants
Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873; Peters, Monatsber Ak. Berlin, 1876,
p. 482 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 419 ; Lydekker, Horns
and Hoofs, p. 210, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 150, 1908; Sclater
and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 149, pi. xviii, fig. 1,
1895 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 38,
1897 ; de Winton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 773 ; Thomas and
Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 387, 1907 ;
PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 872.

Cephalophus aureus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. xii,
p. 42, 1873, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 95, 1873.

Typical locality Gabun.

A medium-sized species, standing about 18 or 19 inches
at shoulder, distinguished from C. natalensis by a blackish
blaze on the face — widest on the forehead — and the dark
shanks and feet. It is further distinguished by the greater
uniformity of colouring, which is scarcely paler below than
above, and by the absence of pale bay on cheeks, sides of
neck, and throat, as well as of a white chin.

General colour deep chestnut, scarcely paler below than
above, but head-crest and middle line of face blackish, and
contrasting strongly with rufous eyebrow-streak ; nape
rather browner ; limbs from knees and hocks downwards,
and tail, except for some white hairs in terminal tuft,
blackish. Horns short, somewhat expanded at base; skull
with convex frontal region ; hoofs relatively long. Basal
length of skull 6J, maximum breadth 3|- inches.

The range extends along the west coast from the Gabun
to the Cameruns, and to Stanley Falls on the Upper Congo.

71. 5. 27. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gabun ;
collected by Monsieur P. du Chaillu. Type.

Purchased, 1871.

61. 7. 29. 28. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Same locality and collector. Type of C. aureus.

Purchased, 1861.

1. 5. 4. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Stanley Falls,
Upper Congo ; collected by Capt. Weyns.

Presented by the Congo Free State Museum, 1901.

CEPIIALOPHIN.i: 73

VII. CEPHALOPHUS CLAUDI.

Ceplialophus claudi, Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 386, 1907; Alexander, From Niger to Nile,
vol. ii, p. 391, 1907 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 151,
1908.

Typical locality Welle Valley, Congo State.

Distinguished from nigrifrons by the much darker and
richer colouring, the general colour being burnt-sienna above,
with a strong suffusion of black on the shoulders, and only a
little paler below than above, but with a dark median ventral
line, body-colour extending below hocks in hind-legs. Skull
relatively longer in advance of orbits, narrower between
them, and flatter on forehead than in nigrifrons ; cheek-teeth
broader; auditory bullse larger. The following dimensions,
in millimetres, show the differences in skull -proportion of
this species as compared with both nigrifrons and rubidus : —

claudi. nigrifrons. rubidus.

Length of preorbital portion 102 92 85

Length of nasals 75 70 60

Interorbital width 38 40 40

Maximum breadth of second molar 12'5 10 10

7. 7. 8. 222. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bainbili,
Welle Valley, Congo State; collected during Alexander-
Gosling Expedition from the Niger to the Nile. Type.

Presented ~by the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907.

VIII. CEPHALOPHUS KUBIDUS.

Cephalophus rubidus, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1901, vol. ii, p. 89 ;
Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix,
p. 386, 1907 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 151, 1908.

Typical locality Euwenzori, E. Africa.

Closely allied to nigrifrons and claudi, from both of
which it differs by the presence of a white chin-patch, while
from the latter it is also distinguished by the absence of a
dark area on the shoulders and of a dark ventral stripe, as
well as by the dark portion of the hind-legs including the
hocks. The skull-characters mentioned under the heading
of claudi, together with the table of measurements, serve to
distinguish this species still more markedly from nigrifrons.

74 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

General colour of thick, close, and rather woolly hair
uniformly rich chestnut, with the basal portion of the hairs
greyer, and along the middle line of the back, especially near
the loins, showing through, and thus communicating a darker
shade to that line ; hair of neck directed (as usual) back-
wards ; a white chin-patch ; under-parts paler rufous, becom-
ing whitish between legs ; from shoulders and hips colour
gradually darkening to the knees and hocks, which, like the
shanks, are blackish ; tail short, black grizzled with rufous
and white above, and dirty white beneath and at tip.

6. 7. 1. 199. Skull, with horns, and skin. Euwenzori.

Presented by the Euwenzori Expedition, 1906.

4. 4. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Impuka Valley,
Euwenzori (10,000 feet).

Presented by Capt. C. Ashbumkam, 1904.

1. 0. 9. 65. Skin. Euwenzori. Type.

Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.

IX. CEPHALOPHUS WEYNSI.

Cephalophus weynsi, Thomas, Ann. Congo Mus. — Zool. vol. ii, pt. 1,
p. 15, pi. i, 1901, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1903, vol. i, p. 226 ; Alexander,
From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907 ; LydeJtlcer, Game
Animals of Africa, p. 152, 1908 ; Christy, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911,
p. 672.

Typical locality near Stanley Falls, Congo State.

Nearly allied to nigrifrons, but with hair of nape directed
forwards ; body-hair short and close ; general colour brown
in front and bright rufous behind, the tint of the rump
corresponding with that in nigrifrons; muzzle chocolate-
brown, passing gradually into mingled red and black on the
forehead, and into red-maroon in the neighbourhood of crest ;
cheeks pale brown above and whitish lower down ; ears
short and rounded, brown with whitish margins ; no dark
dorsal or ventral stripe.

The range extends to the Albert Nyanza, about 150 miles
to the east of which this species is replaced by C. ignifer.

1. 5. 4. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature female.
Stanley Falls, Upper Congo. Co-type ; collected by Capt.
Weyns. Presented ~by the Congo Free State Museum, 1901.

CEPHALOPHINJE 75

7. 7. 8. 219. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Bam-
bili, Welle Valley, Congo State.

Presented by the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907.

11. 11. 7. 2. Skin, mounted. Mabira Forest, Uganda.
Also skull. Presented ly Dr. C. Christy, 1911.

11. 11 7. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Same locality. Same history.

7. 10. 1. 10. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Budongo Forest, Uganda.

Presented ly L. M. Seth-Smith, Esq., 1907.

7. 10. 1. 11. Immature skin. Budongo. Same history.

5. 11. 27. 18. Skull, with horns. French Congo; col-
lected by G. L. Baxter, Esq. Purchased, 1905.

X. CEPHALOPHUS JOHNSTON!.

Cephalophus johnstoni, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1901, vol. ii, p. 89,
ibid. 1903, vol. i, p. 226 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 152, 1908.

Typical locality Toro district, eastward of Euwenzori,
Uganda.

Closely allied to weynsi, with which it agrees in the
reversal of the hair-slope on the nape, but distinguished by
its thicker and more woolly coat and much darker colour.

1. 8. 9. 64. Skull, with horns, and skin. Toro. Type.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.

XI. CEPHALOPHUS IGNIFEE.

Cephalophus ignifer, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1903, vol. i, p. 226 ;
Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 152, 1908.

Typical locality Eldoma Eavine, B. E. Africa.

Near akin in colour and general characters to weynsi and
johnstoni, but distinguished from both by the backward slope
of the nuchal hairs. Size medium ; coat fine and glossy,
with the general colour bright rufous or bay, darkening to
dull brownish on neck and shoulders ; forehead mixed rufous
and black ; crown and back of head rufous like back, but
the tuft tending more to mahogany. Muzzle blackish ; lips
and chin white ; ears dark brown, white on margins and
internally ; throat rufous ; middle line of wider-parts brown,

76 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

shading into rufous on flanks, and passing into white
between legs ; from shoulders and thighs gradually darkens
to knees and hocks, which are brown, and so on to lower
part of legs, which are nearly black above hoofs ; tail rufous
above and white below, with a brown and white tuft.

Skull of normal character, with premaxillse just reaching
nasals, and moderately convex ; basal length 6T7g (162 mm.),
maximum width 3f inches (79*5 mm.). Length of hind-foot,
with hoof, 9J inches (240 mm.), of ear 3J inches (81 mm.).

2. 11. 17. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eldoma
Kavine, B. E. A. Type. Presented ly F. W. Isaac, Esq., 1902.

3. 3. 7. 2-3. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, female.
Same locality. Same donor, 1903.

6. 5. 6. 8. Skin, mounted. Kakamega Forest, B. E.
Africa. Same donor, 1906.

XII. CEPHALOPHUS HAEVEYI.

Cephalophus harveyi, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xi,
p. 48, 1893, Ann. Mus. Genova, ser. 2, vol. xv, p. 6, 1895, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1903, vol. i, p. 226; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs,
p. 210, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899,
Game Animals of Africa, p. 153, 1908; Sclater and Thomas,
Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 145, pi. xvii, 1895 ; Matschie, Sduge-
thiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 116, 1895 ; de Winton, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1899, p. 773 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 168,
1910.

Typical locality Kilimanjaro district, B. E. Africa.

Closely related to ignifer, but with the greater part of
the forehead black, and (typically) middle of head-crest black
and sides chestnut. Horns very thick at base, so that in old
individuals their length is barely two and a half times the
basal diameter. Feet slender, with hoofs of average length.
Skull roughened and inflated in frontal region, with median
palatal notch slightly deeper than lateral over ; basal length
5J inches, maximum breadth 3 inches.

The range extends from the Kilimanjaro district north-
wards to the south of Somaliland. Two races said to be
distinguished by the colour of the crest have been named : —

Crest black in middle and chestnut on

sides C. harveyi harveyi.

Crest mahogany-coloured in the middle

and rufous at sides... . C. h. kenice.

CEPHALOPIIIN.i: 77

A.— Cephalophus harveyi harveyi.

General characters those of the species.

Typical locality Kilimanjaro district.

92. 12. 3. 10. Head, mounted, body-skin, and skull.
Kaha Forest, westward of Taveta, Kilimanjaro district.
Type. Presented ly Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1892.

9. 11. 15. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kikuyu
Forest, B. E. A. Presented ly M. P. Seth-Smith, Esq., 1909.

9. 11. 15. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same
locality. Same history.

79. 11. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Malindi,
B. E. Africa. Presented ly Sir John Kirk, 1879.

9. 4. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bulla-bulla,
Juba Valley, southward of Italian Somaliland.

Presented ly H. P. Hennessey, Esq., 1909.

99. 12. 25. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, female.

Tana Valley, B. E. A. Presented by H. de Pree, Esq., 1899.

7. 1. 12. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kikuyu Forest.

Presented ly C. W. Haywood, Esq., 1907.

10. 4. 20. 8. Skull, with horns. Subaki, Tana Valley.

Presented ly J. Muir, Esq., 1910.

7. 16. 24. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Nyasa.
Presented ly A. J. Stout, Esq., 1907.

B.— Cephalophus harveyi kenise.

Cephalophus harveyi keniae, Lonriberg, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8,
vol. ix, p. 65, 1912, K. SvensJca Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5,
p. 150, 1912.

Typical locality forests near Nairobi, B. E. Africa.

Said to be distinguished from typical race by head-tuft
being mahogany-colour in the middle and rufous at the sides,
instead of black in middle and chestnut on sides. Fore-legs
and hind-legs from the hocks downwards glossy brownish
black ; a brown streak down middle of chest.

11. 7. 8. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin immature ;
provisionally referred to this race. Nairobi, B. E. A. Col-
lected by S. A. Neave, Esq. Purchased, 1911.

78 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

The dimensions of the type skull, as given by the
describe r, are as follows : —

Basal length 151 mm.

Maximum width 77 ,,

Distance from muzzle to orbit 88 ,,

Length of nasals 58 ,,

,, ,, upper series of cheek-teeth 49 ,,

XIII. CEPHALOPHUS LEOPOLDI.

Cephalophus leopoldi, M . Rothschild and Neuville, C. E. Ac. Sci. Paris,
vol. cxliii, p. 1257, 1906 ; LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 154, 1908.

Typical locality Ituri Forest.

Type apparently in the collection of Baron Maurice de
Eothschild.

Described as near akin to nigrifrons and harveyi, but
with stouter horns : general colour recalling that of natalensis,
being tawny rufous, but rather darker on the back and duller
on the neck and shoulder than in that species; crest long
and entirely chestnut, thereby differing from harveyi and
nigrifrons, as well as natalensis, but darker and redder than
general body-colour. Muzzle and nose black, and flecks of
black on forehead (in which respect this duiker comes nearer
to natalensis than to the other two species); ears white
interiorly, with black tips ; throat whitish ; cheeks grey fawn,
like upper part of chest ; lower part of latter and under-parts
generally blackish fawn, unlike harveyi and natalensis ; groin
whitish; lower segments of the limbs, especially in hind-
pair, blackish (in this respect resembling nigrifrons and
differing from natalensis and harveyi) ; tail rufous on basal
portion of upper surface, with a dark line above and long
white hairs beneath.

No specimen in collection.

CEPHALOPIIIX^l 70

XIV. CEPHALOPHUS LEUCOGASTEK.

Cephalophus leucogaster, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 4, vol. xii,
p. 43, 1873 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p, 420 ; Lydekker,
Horns and Hoofs, p. 201, 1893, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 154, 1908 ;
Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 153, 1895 ;
Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907.

Typical locality Gabim.

Size medium; height at shoulder about 16 inches.
General colour dull chestnut-rufous, with a broad blackish
dorsal stripe ; face rufous darkening into brown in middle
line ; crest mixed rufous and black ; nape browner ; hind
aspect of buttocks and under-parts whitish ; fore-legs and hind-
legs posteriorly slaty grey. The dorsal stripe is mixed with
rufous on withers, and becomes narrow and sharply defined
near tail, which terminates in a large black tuft mingled
with white. The presence of a white streak along front of
the hind-shanks, described as a specific character, is not
constant. The range extends from the Gabim to the
Cameruns and Congo.

61. 7. 29. 20. Skin, mounted, and skull, immature.
Gabim ; collected by Monsieur P. du Chaillu. Type.

Purchased, 1861.

3. 2. 4. 26. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Efulen,
Cameruns; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903.

3. 2. 4. 29. Skull, with horns. Same locality and
collector. Same history.

3. 2. 4. 30. Immature skull, with horns. Same locality
and collector. Same history.

3. 2. 4. 31. A similar specimen. Same locality and
collector. Same history.

1. 5. 4. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Stanley Falls,
Congo ; collected by Capt. Weyns.

Presented ~by the Congo Free State Museum, 1901.

7. 7. 8. 223. Immature skull, with horns, and skin.
Bambili, Welle Valley.

Presented ly the Alexander -Gosling Expedition, 1907.

80 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

XV. CEPHALOPHUS DOESALIS.

Cephalophus dorsalis, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 165, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 146, 1847, Knowsley
Menagerie, p. 10, pi. vii, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 123,

1871, p. 597, pi. xlv, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 84, 1852, Cat.
Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 27, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit.
Mus. p. 96, 1873 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and
218, 1853 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 594, pi. xlvi ; Murie,
ibid. p. 595 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,
pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; JentinJc, Cat. Osteol. Ley den Mus. (Mus.
Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 132, 1887, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. x, p. 20,
1888, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 162, 1892 ;
Buttikofer, Reisebilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 377, 1890 ; Thomas,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 420 ; Matschie, Mitth. deutsch. Schutz-
gebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211,
1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game
Animals of Africa, p. 155, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of
Antelopes, vol. i, p. 155, pi. xix, fig. 1, 1895; Pocock, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1910, p. 871 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 166,
1910.

Antilope (Cephalophus) dorsalis, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere,

Suppl. vol. v, p. 425, 1855.
Cephalophus badius, Gray. Cat. Ungulata, Brit. Mus. p. 84, 1852,

Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 595, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 26,

1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 94, 1873.
Cephalophus breviceps, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, p. 202, pi. xx.
Cephalops dorsalis, Knottner us -Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii,

pt. 1, p. 99, 1907.

Typical locality Sierra Leone.

Type of Cephalops.

Size medium ; height at withers probably about 16 inches.
Ears very short and broad ; general coloiir bright chestnut-
rufous, with a dark dorsal stripe, commencing at the nose as
a face-blaze, and interrupted only at the crest, which may be
rufous ; middle line of face rufous ; eyebrow-streak bright
rufous ; crest black, black and rufous, or rufous ; dorsal stripe,
which is black on back, sometimes ill-defined and sometimes
expanding into a patch on withers, continued down shoulders
towards fore -legs ; under-parts, except for a black patch on
chest, and hams rufous, like body; fore-legs brown from
shoulder downwards, hind-legs from above hocks ; tail black
above, white below at and near tip. Skull with very short
conical muzzle, deep lachrymal pits, and median palatal
notch about one-fifth inch in advance of lateral pair. Length
of skull 5^ inches, greatest breadth 3|, length from orbit to
muzzle 3 inches.

CEPHALOPHLN.i: 81

The species lias a considerable range on the west coast.

44. 11. 8. 13. Immature skin. Menagerie specimen,
Sierra Leone. Type. Purchased, 1844.

46. 11. 2. 9. Immature skin. Gambia; collected by
Mr. J. Whittiehl. Presented by the Earl of Derby, 1846.

46. 11. 20. 1. Skull, with horns; associated with the
preceding specimen. Same history.

63. 11. 29. 1. Skeleton and skin. Zoological Society.

Purchased, 1863.

69. 3. 5. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female.
Zoological Society. Type of C. breviceps. Purchased, 1869.

92. 4. 23. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti.

Purchased, 1892.

11. 6. 2. 13. Skin, female. Bibianaha, Gold Coast.

Presented by Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell, 1911.

11. 6. 2. 14. Skin. Same locality. Same history.

12. 2. 19. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Obuassi,
s< luthern Ashanti ; collected by Capt. C. H. Armitage.

Presented by the Zoological Society, 1912.
78. 7. 16. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Fanti. Purchased, 1888.

97. 1. 5. 12. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. Col-
lection of Sir V. Brooke, Bart.

Presented by Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897.
* * * * Skull, with horns, and skin.

Presented by the Zoological Society.

69. 3. 5. 11. Spirit specimen; hybrid between dorsalis

and rufilatus. Zoological Society. Purchased, 1869.

62. 12. 2. 91. Skeleton. Purchased, 1862.

XVI. CEPHALOPHUS CASTANEUS.

Cephalophus dorsalis castaneus, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892,

p. 421 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 155,

1895.
Cephalophus castaneus, Thomas, Ann. Congo Mus., Zool. vol. ii, pt. 1,

p. 15, 1901 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907;

LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 156, 1908.

Typical locality Cameruns.

Eather larger than dorsalis, with, apparently, slightly
bigger ears. General colour deep chestnut, with a black
n. G

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

dorsal stripe, and brown shanks ; head darker and duller and
chestnut eyebrow-stripe less distinct than in dorscdis. Skull
with normal slender, elongate muzzle, with the interval
between front border of orbit greater than zygomatic width ;
thus differing from the short conical muzzle of dorsalis.
Cheek-teeth larger than in that species. Basal length of
type skull 6 inches, maximum width 3|, interval between
orbit and muzzle 3£ inches.

The range includes Southern Nigeria and French Congo.

71. 7. 8. 7. Skin, mounted, and skull. Cameruns.
Type. Purchased, 1871.

5. 11. 27. 17. Skull, with horns. Benito Valley, French
Congo ; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1905.

7. 7. 8. 224. Skull, with horns, and skin, female.
Bambili, Welle Valley.

Presented by the Alexander- Gosling Expedition, 1907.

3. 2. 4. 33. Immature skull, with horns. Efulen,

Cameruns ; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903.

8. 6. 28. 2. Skin. Oban Hills, Southern Nigeria;
collected by P. A. Talbot, Esq. Purchased, 1908.

10. 6. 1. 39. Skull, with horns, and skin. Sa'me locality
and collector. Purchased, 1910.

10. 6. 1. 40. Skull, with horns, and imperfect skin.
Inkami, north-east of Oban ; same collector. Same history.

12. 10. 28. 55. Skull, with horns, and skin. Oban;
same collector. Purchased, 1912.

XVII. CEPHALOPHUS LEUCOCHILUS.

Cephalophus leucochilus, JentinJc, Notes Ley den Mus. vol. xxiii, p. 21 ,
1901 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 156, 1908.

Typical locality Loango, Angola.

Stated to be larger, heavier, and darker than dorsalis,
from which it is also distinguished by the higher part of the
upper lips being white, like the chin, and by the presence
of a white spot above each eye, terminating in a white line
directed towards upper part of nose. Very probably not
more than a race of dorsalis.

No example in collection.

CEPHALOPHIN.K 83

(?) CEPHALOPHUS EMINI.

Cephalophus emini, Noack, Zool. Anz. vol. xxvii, p. 405, 1905 ;
Lydckker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 166, 1908.

Described on the evidence of a headless skin from East
Central Africa, probably west of the Victoria Nyanza, said
to indicate a duiker of the leucog aster-dor sails group, charac-
terised by the length of the rufous brown hair of the back,
and the presence of a yellow ring on each hair of the under-
parts, which communicates a speckled appearance to the
coat of this surface. Even supposing the generic determina-
tion to be correct, the right of this form to a specific position
is uncertain.

XVIII. CEPHALOPHUS OGILBYI.

Antilope ogilbyi, Waterlwuse, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1838, p. 60, 1842,
p. 129, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. ii, p. 472, 1839, vol. xii,
p. 57, 1849 ; Fraser, Zool. Typ. pi. xix, 1849.

Cephalophorus ogilbyi, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. x,
p. 262, 1842, List. Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163, 1843.

Antilope (Tragelaphus) ogilbyi, Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Eegn. Anim.,
Mamm. p. 181, 1842.

Antilope (Cephalophus) ogilbyi, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl.
vol. iv, p. 466, 1844, vol. v, p. 423, 1855.

Cephalophus ogilbyi, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 165, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 10, pi. viii, fig. 2, 1850,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 122, 1871, p. 529, Cat. Ungulata Brit.
Mus. p. 83, 1852, Cat. Euminants Brit. Mus. p. 26, 1872, Hand-
List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool.
Guine, pp. 194 and 217, 1853 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit.
Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,
pt. 1, p. 167, 1869; Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. x, p. 20,
1888, Cat. Mamm. Tueyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 162,
1892; Biittikofer, Beisebilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 377, 1890;
Matschie, Arch. Nat. 1891, pt. 1, p. 353, Mitth. deutsch. Schutz-
gebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 422 ;
Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game
of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 156, 1908 ;
Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 161, 1895 (non
pi. xviii, fig. 2) ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv,
p. 40, 1897.

Svlvicapra ogilbyi, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 191.

Cephalophia ogilbyi, Knottnerus- Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii,
pt. 1, p. 99, 1907.

Typical locality Fernando Po.
Type of Ceplialophia.

G 2

84 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Size medium ; shoulder-height about 22 inches. General
colour bright orange, tending to rufous on hind-quarters ;
face, except brown nose, coloured like body, but nape and
sides of neck brown or blackish, with the hair very thin ;
a black dorsal stripe commences indistinctly at withers,
becomes narrower and more denned on flanks, and is con-
tinued on to tail ; front of shanks black but limbs elsewhere
dull yellowish down to pasterns, where they are brown or
blackish, skull with strong frontal convexity, and shallow
pits for face-glands ; three subequal notches on hind border
of palate. Basal length of skull 7£, maximum width 3J,
interval between muzzle and orbit 4| inches. Length of
ear 3, of hind-foot 9| inches.

55. 12. 24. 403. Skin. Fernando Po. Type.

Presented ly Gr. Knapp, Esq., 1855.

52. 2. 22. 10. Skull, with horns. Fernando Po ; collected
by L. Fraser, Esq. Figured " Hand-List Kuminants " (1873).

Purchased, 1852.

4. 7. 1. 126. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bantabiri,
Fernando Po ; collected by Mr. E. Seimund.

Presented ly Fernando Po Commission, 1904.

4. 7. 1. 127. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same
locality and collector. Same history.

3. 1. 6. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Moka,
Fernando Po. Presented by Boyd Alexander, Esq., 1903.

64. 12. 21. 1. Skull, with horns, immature. Fernando
Po. Purchased, 1864.

64. 12. 27. 2. Skull, with horns. Fernando Po.

Same history.

42. 11. 4. 31. Skin. Fernando Po.

Presented ly Lieut. T. Thomson, E.N., 1842.

XIX. CEPHALOPHUS BEOOKEI.

Cephalophus brookei, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xi,
p. 290, 1893 ; LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 157, 1908.

Cephalophus ogilbyi, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,
pi. xviii, fig. 2, 1895.

Typical locality Fanti.

The mainland representative of ogilbyi, from which it

CEPIIALOPHIN.i: S."»

differs by the reversal of the direction of the hairs of the
nape (these being directed forwards for a distance of 3 or
4 inches in the same manner as in weynsi and johnstoni),
the broader dorsal stripe, ending 3 or 4 inches short of tail-
tip, the light colour of the limbs to the hoofs, and the less
inflated frontal region of the skull. The tail- tuft is black
and white.

The range includes Fanti, the Gold Coast, the Cameruns,
and Southern Nigeria.

97. 1. 5. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. Type.
Formerly in collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart.

Presented ~bij Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897.

97. 1. 5. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same
locality and collection. Same history.

97. 1. 5. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Same locality and collection. Same history.

97. 1. 5. 122. Skin, immature. Usshur, Gold Coast.
Sir Victor Brooke's collection. Same history.

3. 4. 23. 1. Skull, with horns. Cape Dikundscha,
Cameruns. Presented "by Dr. Einar Lonnlerg, 1903.

3. 4. 11. 1-2. Two skins. Same locality. Same history.

8. 6. 28. 1. Skin. Oban Hills, Southern Nigeria.

Presented ly P. A. Talbot, Esq., 1908.

10. 6. 1. 41. Skull, with horns, and skin. Niaji, north-
east of Oban ; collected by P. A. Talbot, Esq.

Purchased, 1910.

12. 10. 28. 56. Skull, with horns, and skin, female.
Oban district ; same collector. Purchased, 1912.

XX. CEPHALOPHUS CALLIPYGUS.

Cephalophus callipygus, Peters, Monatsber. Ak. Berlin, 1876, p. 483,
pis. Hi and iv ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 422 ; Lydekker,
Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 157, 1908 ; Sclater and
Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 165, 1895.

Cephalophelia callipyga, Knottnerus-Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol.
Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907.

Type of Cephalophelia.

Typical locality Gabun.

Height approximately as in dorsalis. Hairs of nape

86 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

directed forwards ; general colour yellowish brown, becoming
more distinctly rufous on loins ; forehead and crest rich
rufous ; chin and throat white, rest of under-parts yellowish ;
a broad black dorsal stripe, commencing at withers, widening
at loins, and including whole hind surface of hips and back
of hind-legs to hocks, as well as tail, except under side of
tip, where hairs have white points ; sides of thighs adjacent
to black area rich rufous.

Basal length of skull about 6J inches.

The range includes the Cameruns, as well as the Gabun.

3. 2. 4. 27. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Efulen,
Cameruns ; collected by G-. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903.

3. 2. 4. 32. Skull, with horns, female. Same locality
and collector. Same history.

XXI. CEPHALOPHUS EUFILATUS.

Antilope grimmia, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii,
p. 191, 1816, Mamm. p. 464, 1822 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 379,
1827, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Regn.
Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal King-
dom, vol. iv, p. 266, vol. v, p. 347, 1827 ; J". Fischer, Synop.fMamm.
p. 468, 1829 ; G-ervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840 ;
Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 451, 1844;
Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 418, 1815 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere,
p. 321, 1853-55 ; nee Pallas.

Cephalophus grimmia, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 216, 1834.

Antilope (Grimmia) grimmia, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat.
vol. i, p. 623, 1841.

Sylvicapra grimmia, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 190, 1846.

Cephalophus rufilatus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 166, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 56, 1847, Knowsley
Menagerie, p. 10, pis. vi and ix, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850,
p. 123, 1871, p. 597, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 85, 1852, Cat.
Euminants Brit. Mus. p. 26, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit.
Mus. p. 95, J873; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 170; Tern-
minck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 221, 1853 ; Gerrard, Cat.
Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862; Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc.
Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol.
Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 132, 1387, Cat. Mamm.
Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 162, 1892 ; Matschie, Mitth.
deutsch. Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1892, p. 423 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 211, 1893,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals
of Africa, p. 158, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes,

CEPHALOPHIXJ: 87

vol. i, p. 167, pi. xix, fig. 1, 1895 ; de Winton, Proc. Zool. Soc.

1899, p. 771.
Antilope (Cephalolophus) rufilatus, Wagner, Schreber's Sciugthiere,

Suppl. vol. v, p. 425, 1855.
Cephalophus rufilatus cuvieri, Fitzinger, Sitzbcr. A1. Ak. Wiss. Wien,

vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869.

Type of Grimmia.

Typical locality Gambia.

The smallest of the red duikers (agreeing approximately
with the blue C. natalensis), representing a dwarf type of the
dorsalix group with the black areas replaced by grey, and
the rufous, or chestnut, typically of a lighter tint than
usual. Height at withers about 14 inches ; horns very
small ; direction of hairs on nape normal. General colour
bright yellowish rufous or ochery buff on sides of face, neck,
shoulders, flanks, rump, and under-parts, bluish grey on
middle line of nose, forehead, back of head and ears, middle
line of back from withers -to rump, and lower part of limbs ;
crest long, blackish ; tail rufous above at base, black at tip.

Skull with long and slender muzzle and deep lachrymal
pits ; central palatine notch about J inch in advance of
lateral ones ; basal length 5£, maximum width 2f , interval
from orbit to muzzle 2J inches. Length of ear 2£, of hind-
foot 7 inches.

The slate-coloured legs and dorsal stripe, together with
the thicker horns, serve to distinguish this species from the
much larger C. harveyi and C. nigrifrons.

This range extends along the west coast of Africa, from
Gambia to the Niger.

The two local races are distinguished as follows : —

a. General colour yellowish rufous or ochery buff;

nape, dorsal patch, and feet smoky grey C. r. rufilatus.

b. General colour burnt-sienna ; nape, dorsal patch,

and feet slaty grey C. r. rubidior.

A.— Cephalophus rufilatus rufilatus.

Typical locality Gambia.

General characters those of the species.

46. 11. 2. 8. Skin. Gambia. Co-type.

Presented by the Earl of Derby, 1846.

0« CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

• 46. 11. 20. 2. Skull, associated with the above.

Same history.

99. 6. 15. 19. Skin, mounted, and skull. Gambaga,
Gold Coast. Presented ly Capt. W. Gi/ard, 1899.

8. 12. 18. 2. Skin, mounted, and skull. Senegambia.

Presented ly F. E. Roberts, Esq., 1908.
5. 12. 10. 1. Skull, with horns. Lagos.

Presented ~by W. A. Ross, Esq., 1905.
5. 12. 10. 2-3. Two skulls, with horns, female. Same
locality. Same history.

93. 3. 5. 2. Skull, with horns, immature. Gambia.

Presented ly G. Carter, Esq., 1893.
99. 6. 15. 16. Skull, with horns, female. Gambaga.

Presented ly Capt. W. Giffard, 1899.

7. 12. 8. 2. Skull, with horns, immature. Sierra Leone.

Presented ly Major Pearce, 1907.

65. 4. 27. 11. Immature skull, with horns. From
Dr. Baikie's collection. Presented ly Earl Russell, 1865.

65. 5. 9. 6-7. Two skulls, with horns. Gambia (?).
Collected by Mr. Dalton. Purchased, 1865.

65. 5. 9. 5. Skin and skeleton. Gambia (?) ; same
collector. Same history.

8. 6. 26. 10. Skull, with horns, young. Daru, Sierra
Leone. Presented ly Capt. L. Murray, 1908.

54. 12. 6. 1. Skin, W. Africa. ' Purchased, 1854.

54. 12. 27. 1. Skull, with horns, associated with the
preceding. Same history.

11. 6. 10. 104-105. Two skins. Upper Gambia.

Presented ly G. Fenwick Owen, Esq., 1911.

99. 8. 24. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Jebba,
Nigeria. Presented ly Dr. C. Christy, 1899.

4. 1. 27. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gambia.

Presented ly Sir George Barton, 1904.

5. 12. 10. 2. Skull, with horns, young. Lagos.

Presented ly W. A. Ross, Esq., 1905.
10.2.17.3. Skin. Gambia.

Presented ly Capt. H. S. Toppin, 1910.

rKPHALOl'HIN.i: S'.l

B.— Cephalophus rufilatus rubidior.

Ccphalophus rufilatus rubidior, Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 383, 1907 ; Alexander, From Niger
to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 158, 1908.

Typical locality Welle Valley, Congo State.

General colour much redder than in typical race ; the
rather long and harsh hair being dark reddish brown,
approaching burnt-sienna, with a narrowr patch on middle
line of back much darker and bluish; under-parts a paler
shade of same colour. The colour-pattern is the same as in
the typical race, but the dark dorsal area is somewhat less
defined and the yellowish rufous or ochery buff general
colour replaced by burnt-sienna, while the smoky grey of
the nape, dorsal patch, and feet of the typical race is slaty
grey ; in both races the chin and inner sides of thighs are
white.

7. 7. 8. 221. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near Angu,
Welle Valley. Type.

Presented by the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907.

7. 7. 8. 220. Skull, with horns, and skin, female.
Molegbwe, near Banzy ville, Welle Valley. Same history.

XXII. CEPHALOPHUS DOEI^E.

Antilope doria, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 121 ; Waterhouse,

Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 42, 1838; Wagner, Schreber's

Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 444, 1844; Fraser, Zool. Typ.

pi. xviii, 1849.
Antilope zebra, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. i, p. 27, 1838 ;

Lesson, Nouv. Tall. Regn. Anim., Mamm. p. 176, 1842.
Antilope zebrata, Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat. Suppl. vol. i, p. 267, 1840

(ex Robert, 1836 '?), Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 202, 1855.
Cephalophorus zebra, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163, 1843.
Damalis (?) zebra, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 22, 1850, Proc. Zool.

Soc. 1850, p. 142, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 129, 1852, Cat.

Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 45, 1872.
Cephalophus doria, Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. vii, p. 270, pi. ix,

1885, vol. x, p. 21, pis. ii and iii, 1888, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus.

(Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 133, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus.

(op. cit. vol. xi) p. 164, 1892 ; Biittikofer, Reisebilder Liberia,

vol. ii, p. 377, pi. xxix, 1890.

90 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES-

Cephalophus doriae, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1902, p. 424 ; Ward,
Records of Big Game, p. 77, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs,
p. 211, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899,
Game Animals of Africa, p. 159, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas,
Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 171, pi. xx, 1895 ; Leighton, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 1045.

Cephalophela dorise, Knottnerus- Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii,
pt. 1, p. 99, 1907.

Type of Cephalophela.

Typical locality Sierra Leone.

Size small, height at shoulder about 16 inches. General
colour pale rufous, marked with about a dozen broad trans-
verse black bands on the back, commencing just behind the
shoulder and extending to the root of the tail ; face (with
the exception of the blackish nasal region), ears, neck, and
shoulders rufous or chestnut ; under-parts rather paler than
rufous of back ; legs rufous with broad black patches on
outer side of shanks and wholly black pasterns; large
glandular tufts on hocks ; tail rufous mixed with black
above, white below; horns small, seldom exceeding two
inches in length. Skull stout, with the nasal region broad,
flat, and parallel-sided, shallow lachrymal depressions,
and the frontal region not markedly inflated ; horn-cores
directed downwards and backwards, forming grooves in the
parietals ; the three notches on hind border of palate nearly
equal in depth. Basal length of skull 5| inches, width 2£,
length from orbit to muzzle 3§ inches.

The range extends along the interior of the west coast of
Africa from Liberia to Sierra Leone.

55. 12. 24. 294. Imperfect skin. Sierra Leone. Type.
From Dr. J. Gould's collection. Purchased, 1855.

87. 9. 15. 2. Skin, mounted. Du Queah Valley, Liberia;
collected by Dr. J. Biittikofer. Also skeleton.

Purchased, 1887.

87. 9. 15. 3. Skin and skeleton, female. Same locality
and collector. Same history.

38. 4. 16. 237. Skin. Sierra Leone. Type of Antilope
zebra. Purchased, 1836.

CEPHALOPHiN.i; 91

XXIII. CEPHALOPHUS NIGER.

Cephalophus niger, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. i, vol. xviii, p. 165,
1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847, Knowslcy Menagerie,
p. 10, pi. vii, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 123, 1871, p. 597,
Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 84, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit.
Mus. p. 27, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873 ;
Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Fitzinger,
Sitzber. Jc. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; Jentink,
Cat. Osteol. Ley den Mus. (Mus. Paijs-Bas, vol. ix) p. 132, 1887,
Notes Leyden Mus. vol. x, p. 20, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus.
(Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 162, 1892, Biittikofer, Reisebild.
Liberia, vol. ii, p. 376, 1890 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892,
p. 425 ; Matschie, Mitth. deutsch. Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, p. 81,
1893; LydeJcker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Great and
Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 160, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,
p. 175, pi. xiv, fig. 1, 1895 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool.
ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 41, 1897.

Antilope pluto, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 214,
1853 ; Wagner, Schreber's Saugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 422,
1855.

Cephalopidium nignini, Knottner us -Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol.
Ixxiii, pt. 1, p. 99, 1907.

Type of Cephalopidium.

Typical locality Guinea.

Size medium ; shoulder-height about 18 inches. General
colour uniform dark smoky brown, darkest on rump and
limbs, and palest on throat and chest ; face tawny, darkening
into rich rufous on crest, but centre of forehead in some
instances brown, or even black ; ears black on back, rufous
inside ; tail black above, with whitish terminal tuft. Horns
usually from 3 to 3J inches in length, straight, with rough
bases ; small ones present in female. Skull long and narrow,
with an inflated frontal region, middle notch on hind border
of palate slightly deeper than lateral ones, and lachrymal pit
relatively shallow ; basal length 6|, maximum width 3f ,
interval between front border of orbit and muzzle 4J inches.

The range extends from Liberia to the Gold Coast.

46. 2. 16. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, female.
Guinea ; collected by Leyden Museum. Type.

Purchased, 1846.

92. 4. 23. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Fanti.

Purchased, 1892.

92 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

97. 1. 5. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti. From
the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart.

Presented ly Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897.
97. 1. 5. 6. Skin, female. Fanti. Same history.

7. 12. 8. 1. Skull, with horns. Freetown, Sierra Leone.

Presented "by Major A. Pearce, 1907.

11. 6. 2. 17. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bibianaha,

Gold Coast. Presented ly Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell, 1911.

8. 6. 26. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Daru, Sierra
Leone. Presented ly Capt. L. Murray, 1908.

8. 6. 26. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin, female. Same

locality. Same history.

8. 6. 26. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality.

Same history.
8. 6. 26. 6. Imperfect skull, with horns, and skin, female.

Same history.

4. 6. 2. 11. Skull, with horns, and skin. Monrovia,
Liberia ; collected by Mr. Alexander Whyte.

Presented ly the Liberian Development Co., 1904.

5. 8. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Monrovia.
Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1905.

82. 6. 12. 4. Young skin. Ankoba Valley, Wasa,
Ashanti. Presented ly Capts. Burton and Cameron, 1882.

97. 1. 5. 9. Three skulls, with horns, and skins. Gold
Coast. From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart.

Presented ly Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897.

XXIV. CEPHALOPHUS WALKEEI.

Cephalophus walkeri, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 464;
Lydelcker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 159, 1908.

Typical locality Tuchila Valley, Nyasaland.

A dark-coloured species, about equal in size to C.
leucogaster (p. 79). General colour dark greyish brown,
approaching sepia, the hairs, except on back, where they
are nearly black, being speckled with buffish; on under-
parts and inner sides of limbs the colour lightens to hair-
brown ; crest and front of face from muzzle to between horns
black ; chin and cheeks pale fawn, with a line of more distinct
buff near the black above eyes ; backs of ears grizzled brown

(T.l'llAI.niMILVK 93

or blackish ; a black line along nape and back connects
dark area on face with that of loins ; limbs dark, nearly
black inferiorly ; tail apparently with same white. The
species may be allied to niger, but its true affinities cannot
be determined till the male is known.

6. 4. 21. 1. Skin, female. Tuchila Valley, near Blantyre,
\\asaland. Type.

2. Subgenus GUEVEI.

Guevei, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 86, 1852 ; Pocock, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1910, pp. 867 and 876.

Inguinal glands wanting; horns and ears of the same
general type as those of Ceplialophus, the former general
present in females as well as in males.

XXV. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MAXWELLI.

Antilope (Cephalophus) maxwelli, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal King-
dom, vol. iv, p. 267, vol. v, p. 347, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat.
Mamm. p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Regn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178,
1842 ; Giebel, Zeitschr. ges. Nat. vol. xxxv, p. 43, 1870.

Antilope (Cephalophus) philantomba, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal
Kingdom, vol. v, p. 349, 1827; Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836,
p. 121; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. p. 295, 1836, Nouv. Tabl.
Regn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm.
MILS. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838; Schinz. Synop. Mamm. vol. ii,
p. 422, 1845.

Cephalophus inaxwelli, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 216, 1834 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 166,
1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 146, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie.
p. 11, pi. xi, a, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 124, 1871, p. 600J
Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants
Brit. Mus. p. 97, 1873 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194
and 223, 1853 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 237,
1862 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 625 ; Murie, ibid. p. 595 ;
Garrod, ibid. 1877, p. 4 ; Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus.
R. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 269, 1884 ; Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus.
vol. x, p. 21, 1887, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas,
vol. ix) p. 133, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi)
p. 163, 1892 ; Biittikofer, Reisebilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 379,
1890 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 425 ; Lydekker, Horns
and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 160, 1908 ; Matschie,
Mitth. deutsch. Schutzgebiet, vol. vi, p. 81, 1893, Sitzber. Ges.
nat. Freunde, 1893, p. 256; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of
Antelopes, vol. i, p. 179, pi. xxi, fig. 2, 1895 ; Pousargues, Ann.
Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 42, 1897.

Cephalophus philantomba, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ.
vol. ii, p. 317, 1834.

94 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Antilope maxwellii, Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat.

Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868.
Antilope frederici, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623,

1841 ; Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Regn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842 ;

Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 454, 1844;

Giebel, Saugethiere, p. 321, 1855.
Cephalophus punctulatus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol.

xviii, p. 167, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 11 (non. pi. viii, fig. 1

= C. sylvicultrix), 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 125, 1871,

p. 600, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1852, Cat. Ruminants

Brit. Mus. p. 29, 1972, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 98,

1873 ; TemmincJc, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 236, 1853 ;

Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166,

1869.
Sylvicapra philantomba and S. frederici, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-

Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 190, 1846.
Cephalophus whitfieldi, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 11, pi. xi,

fig. 2, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 125, 1871, p. 599, Cat.

Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus.

p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 97, 1873;

Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869.
Cephalophus [Guevei] maxwelli, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus.

p. 86, 1852.
Antilope (Cephalolophus) maxwelli, punctulatus, and whitfieldi,.

Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, pp. 427-429, 1855.
Cephalophus frederici, Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jt. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,

pt. 1, p. 166, 1869.
Guevei maxwelli, Pococfc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 867.

Type of Guevei.

Typical locality Sierra Leone.

Size considerably less than in niger, the shoulder-height
being only about 14 inches; length of ear 2, of hind-foot
6f inches. General colour uniform slaty brown, paler on
under-parts and inner sides of limbs; eyebrow-streaks
whitish ; ears, which are small and rounded, dark brown on
backs ; rump and base of tail coloured like body, except
that the upper side of the root of the tail and immediately
adjacent area is rather darker; remainder of tail brown
above, whitish beneath ; outer sides of legs coloured like
body ; horns directed at a slight angle to plane of face, short,
usually about 2 inches in length ; skull broad and stout, with
relatively narrow muzzle and rather shallow lachrymal
depressions ; middle notch of hind border of palate about
-J of an inch in advance of lateral pair. Basal length of
skull 4f , maximum width 2J, length from muzzle to orbit
2J inches.

CEPHALOPHIN.M 95

The range extends through the forest-region of the west
side of Africa from Gambia to the Gold Coast.

46. 11. 2. 6. Immature skin and associated skull and

horns (46. 11. 20. 3). Gambia ; collected by Mr. J. Whitfield.

Type of C. whitjieldi. Presented ly the Earl of Derby, 1846.

987, i. Skull, with horns, immature. Sierra Leone.

Type of C. punctulatus. Presented ly Col. Saline, about 1846.

48. 10. 11. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. West Africa.

Presented by the Earl of Derly, 1848.

78. 7. 16. 5. Skull and skin, female. Fanti.

Purchased, 1878.

69. 3. 5. 11. Immature skull and skin. Bred in Zoo-
logical Society's Menagerie.

Presented ly the Zoological Society, 1869.
97. 1. 5. 10. Two skins. Fanti. From the collection of
Sir Victor Brooke, Bart.

Presented ly Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897.
4. 6. 2. 12. Skull and skin, female. Liberia.

Presented ly the Lilerian Development Co., 1904.

8. 6. 26. 7. Skull and skin, female. Daru, Sierra Leone.

Presented ly Capt. L. Murray, 1908.

10. 4. 9. 29. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gunnal,

Portuguese Guinea. Presented ly Dr. W. J. Ansorge, 1910.

10. 4. 9. 30. Young skull. Same locality. Same history.

11. 6. 2. 15. Skin. Bibianaha, Gold Coast.

Presented ly Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell, 1911.

11. 6. 2. 16. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history.

12. 5. 9. 11. Skin. Mount Barclay, Liberia.

Presented by R. H. Bunting, Esq., 1912.
94. 7. 25. 4. Skull, female. Benin.

Presented ly A. Millson, Esq., 1894.
7. 11. 19. 3. Young skull. Oban, Nigeria.

Presented ly Mrs. P. A. Talbot, 1907.
7. 12. 8. 4. Young skull, female. Sierra Leone.

Presented by Major A. Pearce, 1907.
62. 12. 29. 7. Foetal skeleton. Zoological Society.

Purchased, 1862.

46. 2. 16. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Guinea ;
collected by Ley den Museum. Purchased, 1846.

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

XXVI. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MELANORHEUS.

Cephalophus melanorheus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1,
vol. xviii, p. 167, 1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 11, pi. x, 1850,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 125, 1871, p. 600, Cat. Ungulata Brit.
Mus. p. 88, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand-
List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873 ; Temminck, Esquiss.
Zool. Guine, pp. 194 and 236, 1853 ; Fiteinger, Sitzber. k. Ak.
Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869 ; Peters, Monatsber. Ak.
Berlin, 1876, p. 482 ; Matschie, Arch. Nat. 1891, pt. 1, pp. 353
and 354 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 426 ; Lydekker,
Horns and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 161, 1908;
Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 185, 1895 ;
Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 43, 1897.

Antilope (Cephalophus) melanorheus, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere,
Suppl. vol. v, p. 428, 1855.

Cephalophus inelanorheneus, Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii,
p. 391, 1907.

Guevei melanorheus, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 870 ; Cabrera,
Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 122, 1912.

Typical locality Fernando Po.

Differs from maxwelli by its inferior size (shoulder-height
about 13 inches), and by the brown of the back shading into
black on and at each side of the base of the tail, below
which there is a sudden change to white on the hips.
Foot-glands consisting of a simple tube, not extending so far
as the lateral hoofs, -and not expanded into a dilatation
between the bones in the manner of maxiuelli. Horns of
males but little larger than those of females.

The range includes the country south and east of the
Niger, extending on the west coast from the Cameruns to
Angola, and eastwards to the coast, opposite Zanzibar,
Uganda, and B. E. Africa. The following features serve
to distinguish four of the local races of the species : —

A. Black of back extending on to croup.

a. Under-parts pale slaty brown C. m. melanorheus.

b. Under-parts darker (dark Isabella -brown) C. m. cequatorialis.

c. Under-parts drab C. m. musculoides.

B. Black of dorsal area restricted to region imme-

diately round root of tail C. m. anchietce.

The fifth race is too imperfectly known to be included
in this key.

CEPIIALOPHIN.E 97

A. — Cephalophus melanorheus melanorheus.

Cephalophus melanorheus typicus, Sclatcr and Thomas, Book of
Antelopes, vol. i. p. 185, 1895.

Typical locality Fernando Po.

General characters those given above.

42. 11. 4. 29. Skin, female. Fernando Po. Type.

Presented ly Mrs. Thomson, 1842.

42. 11. 4. 30. Skull, with horns, and skin, young. Fer-
nando Po. Same history.

3. 1. 6. 5. Skin. Fernando Po.

Presented by Boyd Alexander, Esq., 1903.

4. 7. 1. 128. Skull and skin, female. Bilelipi, Fernando
Po ; collected by Mr. E. Seimund.

Presented by the Fernando Po Commission, 1904.
4. 7. 1. 129-136. Skins and skulls of two adult males,
three adult females, one young male, and two young females.
Bantabiri, Fernando Po ; collected by Mr. Seimund.

Same history.

51. 11. 14. 31. Skull, Fernando Po ; collected by
Mr. L. Fraser. Purchased, 1851.

51. 11. 14. 34. Skeleton. Same locality and collector.

Same history.
90. 5. 30. 1. Young, in spirit. Fernando Po.

Presented ly J. G. Thrupp, Esq., 1890.

B. — Cephalophus melanorheus sundevalli.

Cephalophus pygmaeus sundevalli, Fitzinger, Sitzler. Jc. Ak. Wiss.

Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869.
Cephalophus melanorheus sundevalli, Sclater and Thomas, Book of

Antetopes, vol. i, p. 185, 1895.

Typical locality Eastern Africa.

Characters imperfectly known.

74. 4. 20. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zanzibar.

Presented ly Sir John Kirk, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1874.
68. 9. 9. 1. Skull and skin, female. Zanzibar.

Same donor, 1868.

II. H

98 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

C.— Cephalophus melanorheus anchietae.

Cephalophus anchietse, Bocage, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 743.

Typical locality Angola.

Provisionally admitted as a race. Said to differ from
typical melanorheus by the smaller extent of the black,
which is restricted to the region round the tail, instead of
extending on to the croup.

10. 7. 20. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Cubal Valley,
100 miles inland from Benguela, Angola.

Presented by H. F. Varian, JSsq., 1910.

10. 4. 8. 31. Skull, with horns, and skin. N'dalla
Tando, Angola ; collected by Dr. W. J. Ansorge.

Purchased, 1910.

D.— Cephalophus melanorheus sequatorialis.

Cephalophus sequatorialis, Matscliie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Fr&unde, 1892,
p. 112, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 115, 1895; Scott-
Elliott, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 341 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book
of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 189, 1895 ; Lydekker, Great and Small
Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 161,
1908.

Cephalophus Eequinoctialis, LydeJcJcer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 209, 1893.

(?) Cephalophus sequatorialis bakeri, M. Rothschild and Neuville,
C. E. Ac. Sci. Paris, vol. cxliv, p. 219, 1907 ; Lydeltlcer, Game
Animals of Africa, p. 162, 1908.

Guevei aequatorialis, PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 870.

Typical locality Chagwi, Uganda.

Differs from typical race by the darker under-parts,
which are described as dark isabella-brown. Pocock (who
suggested that this duiker may be merely a race of melano-
rheus, from which it was considered inseparable by
Pousargues) states that the foot differs from that of maxwelli
by the absence of white spots on the back of the pastern
and on front above main interdigital cleft. The so-called
C. OB. bakeri does not appear to present characters of racial
value.

99. 6. 10. 1. Skin, mounted. Uganda.

Presented by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1899.

93. 10. 18. 2. Skull and skin, female. Somerset Hill,
Uganda. Presented ly Capt. W. H. Williams, 1893.

CEPHALOPHIN.E 99

93. 10. 18. 3. Skill, immature. Same locality.

Same history.

1. 8. 9. 67. Skull, with horns, and skin. Entebbe,
Uganda.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, K.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.
1. 8. 9. 85. Skeleton, female. Kampala, Uganda.

Same history.

1. 8. 9. 132. Skeleton. Kampala. Same history.

3. 7. 5. 1-2. Two skins. Elgeyu Escarpment, B. E.
Africa. Presented ly F. W. Isaac, Esq., 1903.

98. 10. 10. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Uganda.

Presented ly Capt. H. J. Madocks, 1898.
95. 3. 5. 5. Skull and skin, female.

Presented ly G. F. Scott- Elliott, Esq., 1895.
7. 10. 1. 12. Skull, female. Budongo Forest, Uganda.
Presented ly L. M. Seth-Smith, Esq., 1907.

E. — Cephalophus melanorheus musculoides.

Cephalophus monticola musculoides, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect.
vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 8, 1913.

Typical locality Kagumeja Forest, B. E. Africa.

Type in U. S. National Museum.

Distinguished from cequatorialis by larger size and light
under-parts, which contrast markedly with flanks. Heller
classes both this form and cequatorialis (which was described
by Sclater and Thomas as very close to melanorheus) as races
of monticola, in which he may perhaps intend to include
melanorheus.

The following specimen is provisionally referred to this
race : —

10. 10. 14. 7. Skull and skin, female. Kwali Forest,

Shimba Hills, British East Africa ; collected by Mr. E. Kemp.

Presented ly C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1910.

Specifically Undetermined Specimens.

3. 2. 4. 28. Skull, with horns, and skin. Batianga,
Cameruns ; collected by Gr. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased, 1903.

62. 6. 28. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Cameruns ;
collected by Mrs. Burton. Purchased, 1862.

H 2

100 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

71. 7. 8. 6. Skin, female. Cameruns. Purchased, 1871.
71. 7. 8. 7. Skull and skin, female. Cameruns.

Purchased, 1871.
71. 5. 27. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gabun.

Presented ~by Monsieur P. du Chaillu, 1871.
7. 7. 8. 225. Skull, with horns, and skin. Molegbwe,
near Banzyville, Welle Valley.

Presented by the Alexander -Gosling Expedition, 1907.

7. 7. 8. 226. Skull, with horns, and skin. Guraba

Valley, Northern Nigeria. Same history.

7. 7. 8. 227. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kemmo,

Northern Nigeria. Same history.

7. 7. 8. 228. Skull and skin, female. Kemmo.

Same history.

10. 6. 1. 42. Skin. Nkami, north-east of Oban, Southern
Nigeria. Presented ly P. A. Tallot, Esq., 1910.

10. 6. 1. 43. Skull and skin, female. Same locality.

Same history.

10. 6. 1. 44. Skin. Ndebbyi, Oban. Same history.

7.1.2.6. Skull, with horns, and skin. A vakubi, Eastern

Congo Forest. Presented ty R. B. Woosnam, Esq., 1907.

62. 6. 21. 5. Skeleton. West Africa ; Zoological Society.

Purchased, 1862.

XXVII. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) MONTICOLA.

Capra monticola, Thunberg, Eeise, vol. ii, p. 66, 1789.

Antilope monticola, Thuriberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii,
p. 314, 1811 ; Afzelius, Nova Ada Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220,
1815.

Antilope pygmaea, Schinz, Cuvier's Thierrcich, vol. i, p. 393, 1821,
Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 417, 1845 ; Burchell, List Quadr.
presented to Brit. Mus. p. 6, 1825 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung.
Saugethiere, pi. xvi, fig. 1, 1828; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm.
p. 462, 1829 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 86, 1832 ; Owen,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, p. 633, 1868;
Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838 ; Laurillard,
Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841 ; Wagner, Schreber's
Sdugthiere, vol. iv, p. 452, 1844, vol. v, p. 429, 1855; Peters,
Reise nach Mozambique, Sdugeth. p. 184, 1854 ; Giebel,
Saugethiere, p. 322, 1855.

Antilope (Cephalophus) cserulea, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom,
vol. iv, p. 268, vol. v, p. 348, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm.
vol. x, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tail. Eegn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178,
1842 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 422, 1845.

CEPHALOPHIN^l 101

Antilope (Cephalophus) perpusilla, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal
Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 269, vol. v, p. 348, 1827; A. Smith,
S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 217, 1834; Lesson, Hist.
Nat. Mamm. vol. x, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tall. Regn. Anim.,
Mamm. p. 178, 1842.

Cephalophus caeruleus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 216, 1834; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxvi, fig. 2,
1840 ; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163, 1843 ; Jentink, Cat.
Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 133, 1887, Cat.
Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 163, 1892.

Antilope perspisilla, Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. r^
brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868.

(?) Tragulus pygmaeus, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. i836,- n. ;
Pocock, 1910.

Tragelaphus pygmaeus, Riippell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senckenberg, pt. 1,
p. 37, 1842.

Antilope minuta, Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 383, 1844.

Sylvicapra pygmaea, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 190, 1846.

Cephalophus monticola, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 167, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 11, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1850, p. 124 ; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 170 ; Blyth, Cat.
Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 168, 1863 ; Bocage, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1878, p. 743 ; Thomas, ibid. 1892, p. 477 ; Nicolls and Eglington,
Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 29, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and
Hoofs, p. 207, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 215,
1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 162, 1908; Eendall, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 361 ; Sclater and Thomas, BooJc of Antelopes,
vol. i, p. 191, pi. xxi, fig. 1, 1895; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat.,
Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 45, 1897 ; Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-
Ostafrika, p. 115, 1895 ; Kirby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 830 ;
W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 163, 1900.

Cephalophus pygmaeus, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1852
(Guevei), Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 599, Cat. Ruminants Brit.
Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 97, 1873 ;
Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p. 209; Gerrard, Cat. Bones
Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 237, 1862; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak.
Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869; Garrod, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1877, p. 4 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-
Bas, vol. ix) p. 153, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit.
vol. xi) p. 164, 1892; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 301,
1889.

Cephalophus bicolor, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1862, p. 263, pi. xxiv,
1871, p. 600, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 29, 1872, Hand-List
Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 98, 1873.

Cephalophus pygmaeus caffer, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien,
vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 166, 1869; Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,
1897, p. 158.

Guevei monticola, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 870.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

Size and horns approximately the same as in melanorheus

102 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

(shoulder-height about 13 inches), colour as in mcwewelli,
except that the legs are bright rufous from the knees and
hocks to the hoofs. The range extends through the wooded
districts of South Africa from Cape Colony to Angola on the
west and Natal, Zululand, B. E. Africa and Ehodesia on the
east. The Zulu form described as C. pygmms caffer is stated
to be of a duller fulvescent colour than the typical Cape

48'. a: Skull, with horns, and skin. Galgebosch,
. U'HeaBage.-Cape- Colony. Type of Antilope ccerulea.

Presented ly Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817.

42. 4. 10. 8. Skull and skin, female. South Africa ;

collected by Dr. Krauss. Purchased, 1842.

62. 10. 21. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.

Umgozi Forest, Zululand. Type of C. licolor.

Presented ly W. Foslrooke, Esq., 1862.
62. 10. 21. 2. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality.

Same history .

51. 5. 5. 14-16. Three skulls, with horns. South Africa.

. Purchased, 1851.

4. 5. 1. 80-82. Three skulls and skins, female. Sibudeni,
Zululand ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented ly C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904.

4. 5. 1. 83, 84. Two immature skulls and skins, female.

Same locality and collector. Same history.

4. 8. 31. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same
locality and collector. Same history.

8. 1. 1. 123, 124. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, one
immature. Tambarara, Portuguese East Africa ; same col-
lector. Same donor, 1908.

8. 1. 1. 124. Skull and skin. Same locality and collector.

Same history.

72. 10. 21. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Eland's Port, South-east Africa ; collected by F. C. Atmore,
Esq. Purchased, 1872.

8. 7. 19. 36. Skin. Chirinda Forest, Melsetter, Ehodesia.
Presented ly C. F. M. Swynnerton, Esq., 1908.

99. 6. 17. 1. Skull and skin, female. Gorongoza Hills,
South-east Africa. Presented ly F. Barnely, Esq., 1899.

5. 5. 7. 110. Two skulls, with horns, and skins — one

CEPHALOPHIN.K 1 Oo

male and one female. Knysna, Cape Colony ; collected by

Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented ly 0. D. Rudd, Esq., 1905.

7.6.2.106. Skull, with horns, and skin. Beira, Portuguese

East Africa ; same collector. Same donor, 1907.

XXVIII. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) NYAS.E.

Cephalophus nyasae, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. ix,
p. 58, 1902 ; Wroughton, Mem. Manchester Mus. vol. li, no. 5,
p. 24, 1907 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 164, 1908.

Typical locality Mlanje, Nyasaland.

Distinguished from C. monticola by the larger amount of
rufous on the limbs and body, the much longer and narrower
skull, and the elongated hoofs. Typically the back a darker
brown than in monticola, with a stronger tinge of rufous;
shoulders, flanks, and thighs dull deep rufous ; under-parts
greyish rufous ; limbs, except between inner and lateral
hoofs, where they are brown, bright rich rufous ; rump dark
chocolate-brown ; under side of tail still darker blackish
brown; forehead (as usual in the group) dark with rufous
eyebrow-streaks ; backs of ears brown, with a small rufous
patch near front of base ; a few white patches on under side
of body between the fore and the hind legs. Basal length
of skull 4^6 inches (115 mm.), maximum width 2| inches
(.~G mm.), length from orbit to muzzle 2f inches (67 mm.).

The two races are distinguished as follows : —

A. A considerable red area on flanks and thighs,

and legs strongly rufous C. n. nyasce.

B. Eed area on body larger and legs more

strongly rufous C. n. defriesi.

A.— Cephalophus nyasse nyasae.

Typical locality Mlanje.
General characters those given above.
1. 11. 11. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Mlanje, Nyasa-
land; collected by Mr. H. Brown. Type. Purchased, 1901.
1. 11. 11. 3. Skin. Same locality and collector.

Same history.

8. 10. 22. 2. Skin, mounted. Kalungwisi, Lake Mweru.
Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1908.

104 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

7. 1. 11. 81. Skull, with horns, and skin. Petauki,
Ehodesia ; collected by S. A. Neave, Esq. Purchased, 1907.

99. 6. 28. 17. Skull, with horns, and skin. Tanganyika
Plateau. Presented ly Lieut.-Col. Manning, 1899.

9. 11. 25. 1. Skin. Zomba, Nyasaland.

Presented ly Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1909.

12. 6. 26. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Blantyre,
Nyasaland. Presented by D. D. Lyell, Esq., 1912.

B.— Cephalophus nyasae defriesi.

Cephalophus nyasse defriesi, Botfiscliild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i,
p. 229.

Typical locality Itambe, between Lakes Mweru and
Tanganyika, northern Ehodesia.

Type in Tring Museum.

Differs from typical race by larger extent of red on
flanks and thighs and more strongly rufous legs ; the greater
amount of white on under-parts, the paler greyish brown of
upper surface, and the broader and more rufous brow-streak.
The type is very similar to the Mlanje specimen of nyasce
nyasce.

No specimen in collection.

C.— Cephalophus nyasse eongieus.

Cephalophus nyasae eongieus, Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 16,
p. 12, 1 908 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 8,
1911.

Typical locality Congo.

Type in Stockholm Museum.

Distinguished from typical race by the back being warm
sepia, of nearly the same tint from nape to rump. Towards
the flanks this shades off into light smoky grey, with a
slight buffy tinge, due to the tips of the hairs being of that
colour, while the under surface is white. On the hams the
hairs are sufficiently rufous at the tips to communicate a
tinge of this colour, although the rest of the hairs are of the
same grey as the flanks. The rufous tinge of the hams is
sharply defined from the dark sepia-brown of the rump, but

CEPIIALOPHIN.V: 105

shades into that of the back. The legs are rufous, with a
smoky brown mark above the sides of hoofs ; face nearly
black, with a dull rufous brown stripe ; tail black above and
white beneath.

Xo specimen in collection.

XXIX. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) HECKI.

Cephalophus hecki, Matschie, Sitzler. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1897, p. 158 ;
Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 165, 1908.

Typical locality Mozambique.

Type apparently in Berlin.

Said to be distinguished from C. nyascc by having more,
instead of less, white on under-parts, as compared with
monticolct, by being apparently less rufous on body, and by
lacking the usual dark markings on back of pasterns ; legs
rufous, as in monticola ; hoofs smaller than in either that
species or nyasce.

7. 6. 2. 106. Skin. Beira, Portuguese East Africa;
collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented ly C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1907.

XXX. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) SIMPSON!

Cephalophus simpsoni, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v,
p. 92, 1910.

Typical locality Lukenye Valley, South Central Congo.

Smaller than nyasce, with a relatively short skull ; median
dorsal area dark vandyke-brown for a breadth of about three
inches, passing through burnt-umber into deep rufous on
flanks and limbs ; under-parts paler rufous, with the median
region whitish, and the bases of the hairs everywhere grey ;
under side of lower jaw whitish ; throat dull russet ; crown
and top of muzzle dark brown ; eyebrow-streak and cheeks
reddish ; a line on inner side of fore-legs and thighs white,
limbs otherwise rufous. Basal length of skull 3yf inches
(99*5 mm.), maximum width 2-^ inches (51*5 mm.), length
of upper series of cheek-teeth 1-fg inches (32 • 5 mm.). Its
general reddish colour distinguishes this duiker from C.

106 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

melanorheus cequatorialis ; while the shortness of the skull
serves to differentiate it from C. nyasce, which it closely
resembles in external characters.

9. 12. 12. 13. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near Koli,
Lukenye Valley, South Central Congo. Type.

Presented by E. Torday, Esq., 1909.

9.12.12.14. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history.

XXXI. CEPHALOPHUS (GUEVEI) LUGENS.

Cephalophus lugens, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1898, p. 393, Thomas
and Sclater, Book of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 224, 1900 ; Lydckker,
Game Animals of Africa, p. 165, 1908.

Typical locality Urori, German East Africa.

A member of the monticola-mclanorheus group distin-
guished by its large size and dark colour, as well as by the
brown legs, which therefore differ from the red ones of
monticola and hecki. General colour dark umber-brown,
with forehead and top of muzzle nearly black ; crest, which
is unusually long, black ; sides of face brown, with a whitish
line above eye ; backs of ears black on the front half ; neck
brown, like back, with hair of nape directed forwards ; back
darkening almost to black on loins, but no lighter patch on
outer side of hips adjacent to this dark area, as in melanorheus,
and the hips themselves uniformly brown, as in monticola ;
under-parts and inner sides of fore-legs pale mouse-colour;
chin, under surface of jaw, and groin whitish ; limbs dark
brown, like back. Basal length of skull of immature female
4J inches (114 mm.), maximum width 2J inches (62*5 mm.).

98. 5. 25. 21. Skull and skin, female. Urori, Usangu,
German East Africa. Type.

Presented ly Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1898.

98. 5. 25. 22. Female foetus associated with the
preceding. Same history.

99. 6. 29. 8. Imperfect skin. Same locality.

Same donor, 1899.

• KIMIALOI'HLVK 107

3. SUBGENUS SYLVICAPRA.

Svlvicapra, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 138; Pocock, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1910, p. 873.

Inguinal glands present ; horns, which are usually wanting
in female, directed upwards and backwards, so as to form an
obtuse angle with the plane of the face ; ears relatively long
and pointed.

XXXII. CEPHALOPHUS (SYLVICAPEA) GEIMMI.

Capra grimmia, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, vol. i, p. 70, 1758.

Moschus grimmia, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, vol. i, p. 92, 1766.

Antilope nictitans, Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. 1811, p. 312.

Cemas cana, Oken. Lchrbuch Natugesch. vol. iii, pt. 2, p. 743, 1816.

Antilope mergens, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. ed. 2, vol. ii,
p. 193, 1816, Mamm. vol. ii, p. 463, 1822; Desmoulins, Diet.
Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822 ; Burchell, Travels S. Africa,
vol. i, p. 187, 1822, List Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 6,
1825 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 264,
vol. v, p. 346, 1827 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 378, 1827, Hist. Nat.
Mamm. vol. x, p. 294, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Begn. Anim., Mamm.
p. 178, 1842 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung Sdugethiere, pi. xi, 1828 ;
/. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 467, 1829 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm.
Cap. p. 84, 1832 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Verte-
brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus.
Zool. Soc. p. 41, 1838 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i,
p. 262, 1840 ; Wagner's, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv,
p. 447, 1844, vol. v, p. 418, 1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii,
p. 446, 1845 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 320, 1855.

Antilope (Cephalophus) platous, H. Smith, Griffith' s Animal Kingdom
vol. iv, p. 260, vol. v, p. 344, 1827.

Antilope (Cephalophus) burchelli and ptoox, H. Smith, Griffith's
Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, pp. 262 and 265, vol. v, pp. 345 and
347, 1827 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x, pp. 293 and 294,
1836, Nouv. Tabl. Regn. Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842.

Cephalophus platous and ptoox, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ.
vol. ii, pp. 214 and 215, 1834.

Cephalophus burchelli, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 215, 1834 ; Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 162, 1843, Cat.
Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 81, 1852; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm.
Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 625.

Cephalophus mergens, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 215, 1834 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xv, fig. 2, 1840 ;
Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 162, 1843, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 163, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847 ;
Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 170 ; TemmincJc, Esquiss. Zool.
Guine, p. 194, 1853 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 625 ;
Schmidt, ibid. 1880, p. 307 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere,
vol. iii, p. 253, 1880; Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 763, A

108 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 223, 1881 ; Flower and
Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. E. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 270, 1884;
Mairet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 238, 1887 ; Noack,
Zool. Jahrb., Syst. vol. iv, p. 114, 1889; W. L. Sclater, Cat.
Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 167, 1891.

Antilope (Cephalophus) platyotus, Lesson, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. x,
p. 293, 1836.

Antilope burchelli, Owen., Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Verte-
brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868.

Antilope (Grimmia) mergens, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat.
vol. i, p. 624, 1841.

Tragelaphus mergens, Rilppell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senckenberg, pt. 1,
p. 37, 1842.

Antilope ptox and burchelli, Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, pp. 417
and 420, 1845.

Sylvicapra mergens, Sundevall, K. SvensJca Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 190, 1846 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. ~k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. i,
p. 167, 1869.

Cephalophus grimmia, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 8, pis. i and ii,
1856, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 78, 1852 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones
Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 237, 1862 ; Blyth, Cat. Mamm. Mus.
Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 167, 1863 ;' Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876,
p. 283, 1877, p. 453 ; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix, p. 60,
1894 ; O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1899, p. 18.

Sylvicapra mergens and caffra, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien,
vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 167, 1869.

Grimmia nictitans, irrorata, and burchelli, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1871, pp. 589-592, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. pp. 22-24, 1872,
Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. pp. 92 and 93, 1873.

Cephalophus grimmius, Bocage, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 743.

Grimmia mergens, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas,
vol. ix), p. 132, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi)
p. 161. 1892, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xv, p. 265, 1893.

Cephalophus grimmi, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 428, 1893,
p. 504 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 76, 1892, ed. 6, p. 160,
1910 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 27,
1892; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 207, 1893, Great and
Small Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 141, 1908; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i,
p. 203, pi. xxiii, 1895 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm.
vol. i, p. 157, 1900 ; Warren, Ann. Natal Mus. vol. ii, p. 235, 1910.

Sylvicapra grimmia, Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 117,
1895 ; Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. v, no. 10, p. 2, 1909.

Sylvicapra grimmi, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 874 ; Heller,
Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 9, 1912 ; Cabrera, Cat.
Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 122, 1912.

DUIKER-BOK.

Type of Sylvicapra.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

Distinguished from all other members of the group except

CEPHALOPHJN.K 109

the next by the markedly obtuse angle formed by the relatively
long and slender horns with the plane of the face, the longer
and pointed ears, and the lighter and more slender build. Size
medium to small, the shoulder-height ranging from 23 to
25 inches. General colour varying from pale greyish brown
with a distinct blackish grizzle, owing to dark and light
annulations on the hairs, through a yellowish phase, to
uniformly bright ochery yellow. Horns generally absent in
female. Inguinal glands present.

The species is taken to include all but one of the duikers
in which the horns form a marked angle with the plane of the
face. Pocock,* while remarking that abyssinicus is very closely
allied to the typical grimmi, considers that it is probably
only a subspecies of coronatus, to which he refers campbellice
as a second subspecies : \ if these views be correct, there can
be little hesitation in regarding all the local forms of these
obliquely horned duikers as referable to a single species.
In this extended sense the range of the species will include
the greater part of the more open parts of Africa south of
the northern tropic, these duikers being less addicted to
thick covert than are the members of the other two sub-
genera.

The following is a provisional attempt to form a "key"
to the local races of the species ; — a matter of great difficulty,
owing to the slight differences on which many of them have
been founded : —

A. Ears long, as much as 4£ inches ; size large ;

shoulder- height 23 to 25 inches.

a. Forehead rufous.

a'. General colour grey fawn above and below C. g. grimmi.
b'. General colour yellower (yellowish brown).

a". Short black tips to hairs ; under-parts

dark C. g. flavescens.

b". Black tips larger; under-parts white ... C. g. altifrons.

b. Forehead with dark blaze, forming upward

extension of nose-stripe C. g. splendidulus.

B. Ears shorter, 3£ inches or less in length.

a. Pasterns yellow at sides ; size small, 17 or
18 inches at shoulder.

a'. Coat nearly uniform yellow C. g. coronatus.

b'. Coat heavily speckled with black C. g. campbellice .

* Op. cit. p. 876. f Ibid. p. 873.

110 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

6. Pasterns wholly brown.
a'. Forehead rufous.

a". Size small, 18 inches at shoulder ;

general colour yellowish grey C. g. abyssinicus.

I". Size larger.

a3. Colour darker than in last ; no yellow

on rump C. g. nyansce.

bs. Colour yellower and more ochery,
even on rump.

a4. Back yellow C. g. hindei.

64. Back broccoli-brown C. g. altivallis.

U. Forehead with a dark blaze, owing to
extension of nose-mark upwards to
horns.

a". Size larger ; colour yellowish C. g. shirensis.

b". Size smaller ; colour greyer C. g. roosevelti.

A. — Cephalophus grimmi grimmi.

Typical locality South Africa.

Size large, shoulder-height from 23 to 25 inches ; length
of ear 4J, of hind-foot 10£ inches. Ears longer than
interval between inner canthus of eye and extremity of
nose, with narrow, pointed tips ; general colour pale greyish
brown (grey fawn), grizzled with black, owing to the
yellowish and blackish brown annulation of the hairs ; face
rufous, with a deep brown longitudinal patch on nose ;
under-parts like back ; chin, inner sides of upper portion of
limbs, and lower surface of tail white or whitish ; an indistinct
brownish line down part of fore-legs near knees; pasterns
wholly brown ; more or less of upper side of tail black.
Horns may attain a length of over 6 inches. Skull long and
narrow, with the lachrymal depression of median length,
and its superior border generally rounded ; muzzle long ;
median palatine notch penetrating deeper than lateral ones.
Basal length of skull 7£, maximum width 3|, length from
orbit to muzzle 4| inches.

The range probably extends about to the Zambesi.

626, &. Skull, with horns. Zululand. Type of C. bur-
chelli. Presented by Dr. W. J. Burchdl, about 1817.

46. 6. 1. 9. Skin, female. South Africa.

Purchased (Stevens), 1846.

46. 11. 18. 29. Skull, associated with the preceding.

Same history.

(T.I'ilALOl'IIIN.K 111

46. 6. 1. 8. Immature skin. South Africa. Same history.

45. 11. 8. 6. Skull, with horns. South Africa.

Purchased, 1845.

13, a (626, &). Skull, with horns, and skin. South

Africa. No history.

626, q. Skeleton. Zoological Society. Purchased.

46. 6. 2. 81. Skull, female. Cape of Good Hope. From
Stockholm Museum. Purchased, 1846.

46. 10. 26. 14. Skin, associated with the preceding.

Same history.

46. 6. 2. 98. Skull, young female. Natal ; collected by
Herr J. Wahlberg. From Stockholm Museum.

Purchased, 1846.

85. 6. 29. 3. Skull and skin, female. Tati Valley,

Matabililand. Presented ly F. C. Selous, Esq., 1885.

85. 6. 29. 4. Skull and skin, immature female. Same

locality. Same history.

94. 4. 3. 3. Skull and skin, female. Lower Umvolosi

Valley, Zululand.

Presented l>y the Christiania Museum, 1894.
94. 11. 4. 3. Skull, female. Fever Creek, De Kaap,
Transvaal. Presented ly Dr. P. Kendall, 1894.

49. 1. 30. 29. Skull, female. Cape of Good Hope.

Purchased, 1849.

82. 5. 25. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near Tort
Elizabeth, Natal ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq.

Purchased, 1882.
6. 12. 12. 5. Skin, mounted. Zululand.

Presented ~by Allan Cameron, Esq., 1906.
9. 3. 2. 21. Skull and skin, female. Zoutpansberg,
Transvaal. Presented ly Dr. J. Jameson, 1909.

4. 5. 1. 85. Skull, with horns, and skin. Injusu, Zulu-
land ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented by C. D. Kudd, Esq., 1904.

4. 9. 1. 109. Skull and skin, female. Zuurbron,
Transvaal ; same collector. Same history.

6. 4. 3. 105-109. Five skulls and skins, four female.
Woodbush, Transvaal ; same collector. Same donor, 1906.

5. 12. 9. 2-3. One skull and skins, female. Klein
Letaba, N. E. Transvaal ; same collector. Same donor, 1905.

112

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

4. 12. 3. 94-98. Two male (fig. 11) and three female
skulls and skins. Umvolosi, Zululand ; same collector.

Same donor, 1904.

FIG. 11. — FRONT AND SIDE VIEWS OF SKULL AND HORNS OF
DUIKERBOK (CephalopTius grimmi).

6. 11. 8. 136-138. Three female skulls and skins, two
immature. Coguno, Inharnbane ; same collector.

Same donor, 1906.

B.— Cephalophus grimmi flavescens.

Cephalophus grimmia flavescens, Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien,

vol. ix, p. 60, 1894.
Cephalophus grimmi flavescens, LydekTcer, Game Animals of Africa,

p. 143, 1908 ; Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v,

p. 274, 1910.

Typical locality Matabililand, near the Victoria Falls of
the Zambesi.

Type in Vienna Museum.

Differs from typical race by the more brownish yellow
general colour ; the individual hairs of the back being but

CEPHALOPHIN^E 113

slightly black at the tip, below which is a broad light
ring.

No specimen in the collection can be definitely referred
to this race.

C.— Cephalophus grimmi altifrons.

Antilope altifrons, Peters, Reise nacli Mozambique, Sdugeth. p. 184,

pi. xxxvii, 1852 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v,

p. 418, 1855.
Antilope ocularis, Peters, op. cit. p. 186, 1852 ; Wagner, op. cit. p. 420,

1855.
Cephalophus altifrons, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 194.

1853; Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc. Ak. Wiss. tWien, vol. lix, pt. 1,

p. 166, 1869.
Cephalophus ocularis, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 194, 1853 ;

Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 656; Crawshay, ibid. 1890,

p. 661 ; LydeJfJcer, Horns and Hoofs, p. 208, 1893.
Sylvicapra ocularis, Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,

pt. 1, p. 168, 1869.
Grimmia ocularis, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Ley den Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas,

vol. ix) p. 132, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi)

p. 161, 1892.
Cephalophus grimmi altifrons, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.

ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,

Suppl. p. 7, 1911.

Typical locality southern Mozambique.

Closely allied to typical race, but the coat yellowish
with distinct black tips to the hairs, and the under-parts
apparently white.

8. 2. 14. 16. Skin, young. Southern Eukuru, below
Lake Nderendere, southern Angoniland.

Presented by C. B. C. Storey, Esq., 1908.

8. 2. 14. 15. Skin. Mpelele, near Ngara, south Angoni-
land. Same history.

8. 2. 14. 14. Skin. Eua Valley, below junction with
Eusa Valley, south Angoniland. Same history.

7. 2. 4. 14. Skull, with horns, and skin. Nyika Plateau,
Xorthern Angoniland. Same donor, 1907.

7. 6. 2. 107-8. Two skulls, with horns, and skins,
immature. Beira, Portuguese E. Africa ; collected by Mr.
C. H. B. Grant. Presented ly C. D. Eudd, Esq., 1907.

8. 4. 3. 90. Skull, with horns, and skin. Tette, Zambesia ;
collector. Same history.

n. I

114 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

D.— Cephalophus grimmi splendidulus.

Grimmia splendidula, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 590, Cat.

Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 22, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit.

Mus. p. 92, 1873.
Cephalophus grimmi splendidulus, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.

ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910 ; Lijde'kker, Game Animals of Africa,

Suppl. p. 7, 1911.

Typical locality Angola.

General colour bright reddish grey, dark streak on nose
extending upwards to base of horns ; uuder-parts white.

50. 7. 4, 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. St. Paul de
Loanda. Type.

Presented ~by E. Gabriel, Esq. (H.B.M. Consul), 1850.
5. 5. 9. 83. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bingondo
Bihe, Angola ; collected by Dr. W. J. Ansorge.

Purchased, 1905.

E.— Cephalophus grimmi eoronatus.

Antilope grimmia, Pallas, Misc. Zool. p. 12, 1766, Spicil. Zool. fasc. i,
p. 15, 1767, xii, p. 18, 1776 ; Mutter, Natursyst., Suppl. p. 55,
1776 ; Erxleben, Syst. Regn. Anim. p. 276, 1777 ; Zimmermann,
Spec. Zool. Geogr. p. 540, 1777, Geogr. Geschichte, p. Ill, 1780;
Gatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 80, 1780 ; Hermann, Tabl. Affin.
Anim. p. 107, 1783 ; Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 140, 1785 ;
Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 191, 1785 ; Schreber, Sdug-
thiere, pi. cclx, 1785 ; Kerr, Linn's Anim. Kingdom, p. 318, 1798 ;
Donndorff, Zool. Beytrdge, vol. i, p. 641, 1792 ; Link, Beytrdge
Naturgescli. vol. ii, p. 99, 1795 ; Bechstein, Uebersicht vierfilss.
Thiere, vol. ii, p. 642, 1800; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2,
p. 334, 1801; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 115, 1802;
Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. x, p. 158, 1803, vol. xxiv,
p. 31, 1804; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 240, 1804 ; Illiger,
Prodromus Syst. Nat. p. 106, 1811 ; G. Fischer, Zoognosia,
vol. iii, p. 424, 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii,
p. 220, 1815; Goldfuss, Schreber' s Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1230,
1818 ; Schinz, Cuvier 's Thierreich, vol. i, p. 393, 1821 ; Owen,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633,
1868 ; Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 384, 1844 ; nee Capra grimmia
Linn.

Antilope (Gazella) grimmia, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi,
p. 177, 1814.

Cerophorus (Cervicapra) grimmia, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom.
1816, p. 75.

Cephalophus grimmia, Jar dine, Naturalist's Libr., Mamm. vol. vii,
p. 237, pi. xxii, 1842.

Cephalophus eoronatus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. l,vol. x, p. 266,

CEPHALOPHIX.K 1 1 f>

1842, vol. xviii, p. 164, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847,
Knowsley Menagerie, p. 9, pi. vi, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850,
p. 122, 1871, p. 599, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 82, 1852,
Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 28, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants
Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1873 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp.
194 and 236, 1853; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus.
p. 236, 1862 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 427 ; Lydekker,
Horns and Hoofs, p. 212, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 215, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 144, 1908; Sclater and
Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. i, p. 195, pi. xxii, fig. 2, 1895 ;
Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 391, 1907.

Sylvicapra coronata, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 191, 1844 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,
pt. 1, p. 168, 1869; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 873.

Antilope (Cephalophus) coronatus, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere,
Suppl. vol. iv, p. 421, 1852.

Sylvicapra grimmia, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. vol. lix, pt. 1,
p. 168, 1869.

Grimmia grimmia, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-
Bas, vol. ix) p. 138, 1887.

Typical locality Gambia.

Size smaller and ears relatively shorter than in typical
race, the shoulder-height heing about 17 or 18 inches;
general colour light and the length of the ear about 3
inches, or less than interval between eye and tip of nose ;
general colour orange-yellow, with very faint speckling
(grizzling), but a small dark brown nose-streak, and front
and back (but not sides) of pasterns also brown, as is like-
wise the tail-tuft. Lachrymal depression in skull of medium
depth; middle palatine notch extending considerably in
advance of lateral pair. Although some of the hairs have
black tips, the speckling is practically unnoticeable at a
short distance. •

46. 10. 26. 22.) Skull, with horns, and skin. Gambia;

45. 10. 4. 3. j collected by Mr. J. Whitfield. Type.

Presented ly the Earl of Derly, 1845-6.

46. 10. 26. 23. Skull and skin, immature female. Same
locality and collector. Same donor, 1846.

46. 10. 26. 21. Skull and skin, female. Knowsley

Menagerie. Same history.

46. 11. 2. 5. Immature skull, female. Knowsley

Menagerie. Same history.

46. 11. 2. 24. Skeleton. Gambia; collected by Mr.

Whitfield. Same history.

I 2

116 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

11. 6. 10. 103. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper
Gambia. Presented ly G. Fenwick Owen, Esq., 1911.

11. 6. 10. 104. Skull, with horns. Same locality.

Same history.

99. 7. 7. 2-5. Four skulls, three female. Borgu,
Nigeria. Presented ly Capt. G. F. If. Aladie, 1899.

10. 2. 17. 2. Skin, scalp separate. Beckel district.
Senegal. Presented by Capt. H. S. Toppin, 1910.

10. 2. 17. 1. Skull, female. Gambia. Same history.
6. 8. 13. 1. Skin, immature. Gambia.

Presented ly Capt. W. B. Stanley, 1906.

11. 1. 25. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Senegambia.

Presented ly Major M. McNeill, 1911.
5. 12. 10. 3. Skull, female. Lagos.

Presented ly W. A. Ross, Esq., 1905.
13. 8. 5. 1. Body-skin, female. Gold Coast.

Presented ly Capt. C. H. Armitage, 1913.

F.— Cephalophus grimmi campbelliae.

Cephalophus campbelliae, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 162, 1843,

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 164, 1846, Knowsley

Menagerie, p. 9, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 121, Cat.

Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 80, 1852 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool.

Guine, p. 194, 1853; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus.

p. 237, 1862.
Antilope (Cephalolophus) campbelliae, Wagner, Schreber's Sdug-

thiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 419, 1855.
Sylvicapra campbelliae, Fitzinger, Sitzler. h. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol.

lix, pt. 1, p. 169, 1869.
Grimmia campbelliae, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1871, p. 589, Cat.

Euminants Brit. Mus. p. 23, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit.

Mus. p. 92, 1873.
Cephalophus grimmi campbelliae, LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa,

p. 143, 1908.
Sylvicapra coronata campbellise, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 873,

Field, vol. cxxi, p. 1007, 1913.

Typical locality probably Sierra Leone.

The race has been recorded from Sokoto, Yoruba, and
other parts of Nigeria.

Differs from coronatus by the much more profuse dark
speckling of the coat, which communicates a general dusky
tinge.

47, a. Immature skin. Sierra Leone (?) ; collected by
A. G. Campbell, Esq. Type. Purchased about 1843.

CEPHALOPIIINA: 117

G.— Cephalophus grimmi abyssinicus.

Antilope inadoqua, Rilppcll, Ncue Wirbelth. Abyss., Sdugethiere,p. 22,

pi. vii, fig. 2, 1830 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 423, 1845 ;

Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 422, 1855.
Tragelaphus madoqua, Rilppell, Verzeichniss Mus. SencJcenbcrg. p. 37,

1842.
Sylvicapra madoqua, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,

p. 190, 1846, Fitzinger. Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,

pt. 1, p. 168, 1869; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,

1900, p. 559.
Cephalophus inadoqua, Gray, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 9, 1850, Proc.

Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 122, 1871, p. 598, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus.

p. 82, 1852 ; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 194, 1853 ;

Blanford, Zool. Abyssinia, p. 267, 1870 ; Heuglin, Reise Nord-

Ostafrika, vol. ii, p. 108, 1877, W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind.

Mus. pt. ii, p. 168, 1891 ; Rothschild, Powell- Cotton's Sporting

Trip through Abyssinia, p. 461, 1902.

Grimmia madoqua, Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 24, 1872.
Cephalophus abyssinicus, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 427 ;

Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 209, 1893 ; Great and Small

Game of Africa, p. 215, 1899 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of

Antelopes, vol. i, p. 199, pi. xxii, fig. 1, 1895 ; Wroughton, Ann.

Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910.
Cephalophus grimmi abyssinicus, Lydekker, Game Animals of

Africa, p. 143, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 162,

1910.
Sylvicapra abyssinica, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,

1905, p. 89 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 876 ; Cabrera,

Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 122, 1912.

Typical locality Abyssinia. As already mentioned,
Pocock (loc. cit.) is disposed to regard abyssinicus as not
more than subspecifically from coronatus, leaving open the
question whether the former — and therefore also the latter—
should be classed as a race of grimmi.

Closely allied to the last ; the height being 18 inches at
the shoulder, the length of the ear 5J, and that of the
hind-foot 8f inches. General colour speckled (or grizzled)
yellowish grey, with the face rufous, a brown nasal mark,
and the pasterns wholly dark brown.

The range extends south to the Bahr-el-Ghazal and Tana
Valley.

71. 11. 29. 6. Skin mounted, and skull. Abyssinia.

Purchased, 1871.

99. 12. 23. 2. Skull, with horns. Tana Valley, Juba-
land. Presented ly H. dc Free, Esq., 1899.

118 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

97. 1. 5. 3. Skin. Abyssinia ; from Sir Victor Brooke's
collection. Presented by Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart.., 1897.

6. 11. 1. 55. Skull, with horns. Wochacha, North-
east Africa ; collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro.

Presented by W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906.

6. 3. 27. 31. Skin, female. Haldayar.

Presented by the Lord Ddamere, 1906.
4. 5. 9. 30. Skull and skin. Fafan, Somaliland.

Presented by Major H. N. Dunn, 1904.

7. 10. 2. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bir-el-Girud,
Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented by G. Blaine, Esq., 1907.

11. 5. 28. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. South-west
of Shambe, Bahr-el-Ghazal.

Presented by F. C. Selous, Esq., 1911.

8. 4. 2. 51. Skull, with horns, and skin. Chak-chak,
Bahr-el-Ghazal. Presented by A. L. Butler, Esq., 1908.

8. 4. 2. 52. Skin. Chak-chak. Same history.

2. 8. 16. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.

Gallabat, Sudan. Same donor, 1902.

1. 5. 4. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near cataracts,

Upper Congo Valley ; collected by Capt. Weyns.

Presented by the Congo Free State Museum, 1901.
7. 7. 8. 226-7. Three skulls, with horns ; two immature.
Shari Valley.

Presented by the Alexander- Gosling Expedition, 1907.

H. — Cephalophus grimmi nyansae.

Sylvicapra abyssinica nyansae, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat.
Freunde, 1905, p. 89.

Cephalophus grimmi nyansae, LydeJcJcer, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 143, 1908.

Typical locality Kavirondo district.

Type probably in describer's collection.

Stated by its describer to differ from abyssinicus merely
by its darker colour, but apparently also larger.

10. 2. 13. 1. Skull and skin, female. Guasin-gishu,
British East Africa. Presented by Major Horsbrugh, 1910.

10. 2. 14. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Guasin-gishu.
Presented by F. C. Selous, Esq., 1910.

CEPHALOPIITN.i; 119

1. 8. 9. 127. Skull, female. Entebbe, Uganda
Presented Inj Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.
90. 3. 27. 7. Young, in spirit. Taita Mountains, B. E.
Africa ; collected by Mr. J. Wray. Purchased, 1890.

L— Cephalophus grimmi hindei.

Cephalophus abyssinicus hindei, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.

ser. 8, vol. v, p. 273, 1910 ; Lonnbcrg, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl.

vol. xlviii, art. 5, p. 153, 1912.
Cephalophus grimmi hindei, LydeJcleer, Game Animals of Africa,

Suppl. p. 7, 1911.

Typical locality Fort Hall, British East Africa.

Of the approximate size of C. g. nyansce, but more brightly
coloured. General colour tawny ochre, bright on neck and
shoulders, duller on back and loins, but the yellow tinge
noticeable even on rump, where it is wanting in nyansce ;
hairs of neck drab-grey, with ochery tips, but further back
the ochery tip is converted into a ring below the black tip ;
chin and inner surfaces of upper part of limbs whitish ;
throat ochery buff, with the hairs uniformly coloured through-
out, but on flanks hairs coloured like those of back, although
with the base drab. Maximum length of skull 6^ inches
(160 mm.), maximum breadth 3 inches (76 mm.); length of
upper rows of cheek-teeth 2yg inches (52 mm.).

4. 12. 6. 11. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Fort
Hall, Kenia district, British East Africa. Type.

Presented ly S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1904.

99. 3. 4. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Negong, Masai-
land. Same donor, 1899.

3. 5. 25. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Nyiri, Kenia
district. • Same donor, 1903.

3. 5. 25. 3. Skull, female. Same locality. Same history.

3. 11. 1. 8. Skin, female. Same locality (6,000 ft.).

Same history.

1.8.9.66. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eavine Station,
British East Africa.

Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.

10. 2. 14. 2. Skull, with horns. Eaime, British East
Africa. Presented ly F. C. Selous, Esq.

120 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

4. 11. 5. 18-22. Five skulls, one female. Nyiri.

Presented ~by Capt. E. Meinertzhagen, 1904.

89. 8. 3. 7. Skull, imperfect, with horns, and skin. Near

Kilimanjaro. Presented by H. C. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889.

J.— Cephalophus grimmi altivallis.

Sylvicapra grimmi altivallis, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix,
No. 8, p. 10, 1912.

Typical locality Aberdare Mountains, British East Africa.

Stated to differ from hindei by a slight superiority in size
and the darker colour of the back, which is more heavily
speckled with black and less rufous ; coat heavier ; colour of
dorsal hair broccoli-brown, and thus darker than in hindei ;
hair of under-parts drab, instead of white, at base ; hoofs
larger.

No example in collection.

K.— Cephalophus grimmi shirensis.

Cephalophus abyssinicus shirensis, Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.

ser. 8, vol. v, p. 274, 1910.
Cephalophus grimmi shirensis, LydekTcer, Game Animals of Africa,

Suppl. p. 7, 1911.

Typical locality Zomba, Nyasaland.

Approximately of the same size as hindei, but distinguished
by the brighter ochery coat, of which the general colour is
ochery buff; hairs drab at base, those of the neck being
ochery buff to the tips, those of the back with short black
tips ; under-parts white, more distinctly so than in hindei ;
dark nose-mark prolonged to base of horns. Typically the
speckling of the back with black so inconspicuous as to
make the coat appear uniformly coloured at a short distance.
This, however, is not the case with No. 96. 4. 24. 1, in
which the dorsal speckling is conspicuous, while the fronts
of both fore and hind legs are more heavily marked with
dark brown than is the case in the type specimen.

94. 6. 7. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba, Nyasa-
land (B. C. Africa). Type.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.Q., K.C.B., 1894.

93. 5. 6. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality ;
collected by A. White, Esq. Same donor, 1893.

CEPHALOPIIINJ- 121

94. 3. 7. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Shirwa, Nyasa-
same collector. Same donor, 1894.

7. '2. 23. 1. Skin. Near Fort Nilangeni, Nyasaland.

Presented ~by J. Eoidand Ward, Esq., 1907.

95. 7. 22. 3-4. Two skulls, with horns. Zomba.
Presented bij Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1895.

1. 6. 26. 8. Skull, with horns. Polombe Valley, Nyasa-
land ; collected by Mr. G. C. S. Eay.

Presented by Lieut -Col. Manning, 1901.
99. 6. 28. 18-21. Four skulls, with horns and scalp-skin.
86. 3. 6. 1. Skull and skin, immature female. Gonda,
east of Tanganyika; collected by Herr E. Bohm.

Purchased, 1886.

96. 4. 24. 1. Skin, mounted. Nyasaland.

Presented ly R. Crawshay, Esq., 1896.
92. 8. 1. 66. Head, mounted. Zomba.
Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1892.

L. — Cephalophus grimmi roosevelti.

Sylvicapra grimmi roosevelti, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix.
no. 8, p. 9, 1912.

Typical locality Lado Enclave.

Stated to be smaller and more lightly coloured than any
of the other races ; general colour greyish rather than
yellowish, and dark areas of lower part of limbs broccoli-
brown instead of blackish ; dark stripe on front of fore-legs
imperfectly indicated ; nose-stripe extending to base of horns ;
under-parts white.

Xo example in collection.

XXXIII. CEPHALOPHUS (SYLVICAPKA)
LEUCOPEOSOPUS.

Cephalophus leucoprosopus, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,
1899, p. 18, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. iv,
p. 225, 1900 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 464 ; Lydekker,
Game Animals of Africa, p. 160, 1908.

Sylvicapra leucoprosopus, Neumann, loc. cit.

Typical locality believed to be Angola.
Type in Berlin Museum.

122 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Imperfectly known; stated to be smaller than 0. g.
coronatus, with a rufous forehead, and white throat, under-
parts, and inner sides of limbs ; general colour brown,
darker on back ; legs black ; tail black above, white below ;
rings round eyes, spot at base of ear, and insides of ears
white.

This species was described from two living specimens
in the Berlin Zoological Gardens, reputed to come from
Angola. It has been contrasted by Thomas with walkeri,
from which it differs by the rufous forehead and white
under-parts.

No specimen in collection.

SUBFAMILY vii.— OREOTRAGIN^E.

The single genus (and species) of small antelopes forming
this group was included by Sclater and Thomas in the
Neotragince, but is regarded as the type of a separate sub-
family by Pocock on account of differences in foot-structure.*

Tail a mere broad stump. Muzzle with a large bare
muffle and small nostrils. Face-glands normal, approxi-
mated to eyes ; no foot-glands ; web of pasterns not folded
back on itself to form posterior wall of an interdigital cleft,
but area between hoofs covered (as in Neotragince) with long
hairs from the front of pastern to the back, so that there is
merely a small bare patch at summit of web ; hoofs trun-
cated at tips, with their basal portion raised high above the
ground in walking; inguinal glands not definitely known.
Teats two. Lateral hoofs present. Horns, in the form of
short spikes, generally absent in females ; skull, which is
very broad, with large lachrymal depressions, and small
lachrymal vacuities ; frontals not prolonged backwards
between parietals, and horns placed above hind rims of
orbits. Upper molars of medium width, without internal
accessory columns. The distributional area includes the
mountainous tracts of the greater part of Ethiopian Africa.

* Riitimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 52, 1872, had
previously used the term " Oreotragus Gruppe " for the Oreotragince +
Neotragince.

OKKOTK'ACLVK 1 1':'.

Genus OREOTRAGUS.

Oreotragus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 212, 1834 ;
Riitiiiicijcr, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 52, 1877; Sclater
and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 3, 1895 ; Pocock,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 885.

Oritragus, Glogrr, Nuturgeschichte, vol. i, p. 154, 1841.

General characters those of the subfamily.

Coat consisting of thick pithy hairs, quite different in
character from those of any other African antelopes ; ears of
moderate size and rounded ; head triangular and pointed.
Distribution co-extensive with that of subfamily.

OBEOTBAGUS OEEOTRAGUS.

Antilope oreotragus, Zimmcrmann, Geogr. Geschichte, vol. iii, p. 269,
1783 ; Schreber, Sdugthiere, pi. cclix, 1785 ; Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst.
Nat. vol. i, p. 189, 1788 ; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 316,
1792 ; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrdge, vol. i, p. 637, 1792 ; Link,
Beytrdge Natgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1795 ; Bechstein, Uebersicht
vierfuss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 74, 1799, vol. ii, p. 642, 1800 ; Shaiv, Gen.
Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 321, 1801 ; Turton, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i,
p. 114, 1802 ; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. xvi, p. 328,
1803, ed. 2, vol. ii, p. 191, 1816, Mammalogie, vol.ii, p. 460, 1822,
Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 445, 1822 ; Cuvier, Diet. Sci.
Nat. vol. ii, p. 233, 1804 ; Tiedemann, Zool. vol. i, p. 408, 1808 ;
Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii, p. 311, 1801 ;
Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 219, 1815 ; Gold fuss.
Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 1228, 1818; Schinz,
Cuvier' s Theirreich, vol. i, p. 392, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii,
p. 410, 1845 ; Burchell, List Mamm. presented to Brit. Mus.
p. 6, 1825 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugethiere, pi. xv, 1828 ;
J.B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 466, 1829 ; Eilppell, Neue Wirbelth.
Abyssin., Mamm. p. 25, 1835 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x,
p. 291, 1836 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Verte-
brates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Waterhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool.
Soc. p. 42, 1838 ; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte, vol. vii,
p. 1363, 1838 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840 ;
Forster, Descript. Anim. p. 382, 1844 ; Wagner, Schreber's
Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 436, 1844, vol. v, p. 412, 1855 ;
Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 318, 1855.

Antilope saltatrix, Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 141, 1785 ; Link,
Beytrdge Naturgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1795 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm.
p. 377, 1827; Nouv. Tabl. Begn. Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842;
Des Murs and Prevost, Lefebvres Voyage Abyss, vol. vi, Zool.
p. 32, pi. iv, 1827; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv,
p. 233, 1887.

Antilope klippspringer, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. xii,
p. 390, vol. xxiv, p. 32, 1804.

124 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Antilope (Gazella) oreotragus, Liclitenstcin, Mag. nat. Freunde,
vol. vi, p. 175, 1814.

Cemas oreotragus, Oken, Lehrbuch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pt. 2,
p. 743, 1816.

Cerophorus (Cervicapra) oreotragus, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom.
1816, p. 75.

Antilope (Tragulus) oreotragus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom,
vol. iv, p. 245, vol. v, p. 340, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap.
p. 79, 1832.

Oreotragus typicus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 212, 1834.

Antilope (Ourebia) oreotragus, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat.
vol. i, p. 622, 1841.

Tragelaphus oreotragus, Ruppell, Verzeichniss Mus. Scnckenberg.
pt. 1, p. 37, 1842.

Oreotragus saltatrix, Jardine, Naturalists' Libr., Mamm. vol. vii,
p. 221, pi. xxx, 1842 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 236, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 137, 1851, Knoivsley Menagerie,
p. 8, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 119, Cat. Ungulata Brit.
Mus. p. 74, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 20, 1872, Hand-
List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 90, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones
Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 235, 1862, Blyth, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat.
Soc. Bengal, p. 167, 1863, Heuglin, Nova Ada Ac. Cces. Leop. —
Car. vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 9, 1863, Reise Nordost AfriJca, vol. ii,
p. 104, 1877; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss Wien, vol. lix,
pt. 1, p. 170, 1869; Blanford, Zool. Abyssinia, p. 265, 1870;
Drummond, Large Game, of South Africa, pp. 396 and 425,
1875 ; Riltimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 53, 1877 ;
Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 262, 1880 ; Giglioli,
Ann. Mus. Genova, ser. 2, vol. vi, p. 18, 1888 ; Bryden, Kloof
and Karroo, p. 300, 1889.

Calotragus saltatrix, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853.

Calotragus oreotragus, Ruppell, op. cit. 1855.

Antilope saltatrixoides, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl.
vol. v, p. 412, 1855.

Oreotragus saltator, Kirk, Proc. Zool. SQC. 1864, p. 657 ; Crawshay,
ibid, 1890, p. 653 ; Thomas, ibid. 1891, p. 211, 1892, p. 553, 1894,
p. 145 ; Swayne, ibid. 1892, p. 308 ; Nicolls and Eglington,
Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 26, 1892 ; Rendall, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1895, p. 361 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii,
p. 5, pi. xxv, 1895; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 234, 1899 ; Game Animals of Africa, p. 166, 1908 ; W. L.
Sclater, Fauna of S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 167, 1900 ; Ward,
Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 188, 1910 ; Letcher, Big Game
N.E. Rhodesia, p. 188, 1911.

Nanotragus oreotragus, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 642;
Buckley, ibid. 1876, p. 283 ; Selous, ibid, 1881, p. 762, A Hunter's
Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 222, 1881; W. L. Sclater, Cat.
Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 167, 1891 ; Flower and Lydekker,
Study of Mammals, p. 329, 1891, Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs,
p. 219, 1893.

Oreotragus oreotragus, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-
Bas,vol. ix)p. 131, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (ibid. vol. xi)

OKEOTRAGIN.K ll_'.~»

p. 160, 1892; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1900,
p. 559 ; Matschie, Sdugethicrc Deutsch - Ostafrika, p. 122,
1895; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 803; Rothschild,
Pow ell- Cott oil's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ;
An<l<TKO)i and dc Winton, Zool. Egypt, Mamin. p. 338, pi. lix,
1902; Thomas and Schwann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i,
p. 183 ; PococJf, ibid. 1910, p. 885.

KLIPSFRINGER.

Type of genus and of Oritragus.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

Height at shoulder ranging from about 20 to 22 inches ;
general colour speckled yellow and black, giving an olive
tone to the whole coat, except where the orange-yellow is
specially prevalent ; coat wavy, close-lying, and thick so as
to form a kind of cushion-like covering ; the individual
hairs white to pale grey at base, yellow at tip, and brown in
the intermediate portion ; under-parts, inclusive of chin,
and inner sides of limbs paler than back, frequently white ;
limbs coloured like body. Basal length of skull 4f inches,
maximum width 3£, length from muzzle to orbit 2| inches.

Distribution the same as that of the genus. Includes
Angola and Northern Nigeria on the west coast.

The local races may be distinguished as follows : —

A. Females normally hornless.

a. Under-parts coloured like back but paler;

no black patch above front of hoofs or

white spot on outer side of ears O. o. oreotragus.

b. Under-parts white ; a black patch above front

of hoofs and a white spot on outer side of
ears.

a'. Body uniformly coloured throughout.
a". Base of hairs, especially on back,

white or whitish.

a'". Colour darker, limbs not markedly
lighter than body, crown of head

coloured much like body 0. o. saltatrixoides.

b'". Colour lighter (golden yellow), legs
much paler than body ; crown of
head different in colour from body 0. o. aureus.
b". Base of hairs, especially on back,

reddish grey or reddish brown O. o. somalicus.

b'. Fore and hind halves of body. differently
coloured ; the former reddish or yellow-
ish ochery, the latter olive (roe-colour) O. o. aceratos.

c. Imperfectly known ; skull relatively broad... 0. o. porteousi.

B. Females frequently horned 0. o. schillingsi.

126 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

A.— Oreotrag-us oreotrag-us oreotrag-us.

Oreotragus oreotragus, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,

1902, p. 170.
Oreotragus saltator typicus, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,

p. 167, 1908.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

General colour uniform brownish olive, with the under-
paid only slightly paler than back ; base of hairs on back
brownish white, tips frequently yellow ; no distinct black
patch on front of feet above hoofs ; ears, which are relatively
short, mingled black and yellowish, with a reddish white
band below and a black one above, and an indistinct
yellowish spot on the outer side, inside white ; forehead and
occiput reddish brown ; chin and throat light yellowish.

The northern limit of the range is not definitely known,
but probably does not extend beyond the Zambesi.

51. 6. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. Cape Colony; collected
by Verreaux. Purchased, 1851.

96. 2. 27. 1. Skin, mounted, female. Ehenosterberg,
Middelberg, Cape Colony.

Presented by If. Lainy Gordon, Esq., 1896.

4. 2. 3. 122. Skull, with horns, and skin. Klipfontein,
Namaqualand ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented by C. D. Eiidd, Esq., 1904.

B.— Oreotrag'us oreotragus saltatrixoides.

Calotragus saltatrixoides, TemmincJc, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191,

1853 ; Ruppell, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v,

p. 414, 1855.
Oreotragus saltatrixoides, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien,

vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 170, 1869; O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat.

Freunde, 1902, p. 171.
Oreotragus saltator saltatrixoides, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,

p. 167, 1908.

Typical locality Abyssinia.

General colour uniform greyish olive above, with white
or whitish bases to the hairs, especially on back ; thighs
only a little lighter than back ; under-parts white ; a white
spot on outer side of ear ; and a black patch on front of feet
above hoofs.

OKKOT11AGINJ-;

The distributional area comprises the mountainous
districts of north-eastern Africa, exclusive of Somaliland ;
also Abyssinia, from Erythnea to the Hawash Valley, and
thence eastward to Harar; while it may also include the
country between the Hawash Valley and Lake Eudolf.

73. 2. 24. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin. BogosLuxl,
Abyssinia, Purchased, 1873.

73. 2. 24. 14. Skin, female. Same locality.

Same history.
73. 2. 24. 21. Skull, with horns. Same locality.

Same history.

44. 5. 14. 37. Skull, with horns, and skin. Abyssinia.

Purchased, 1847.

C.— Oreotragus oreotragus aureus.

Oreotragus oreotragus aureus, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi,
no. 13, p. 7, 1913.

Typical locality Mt. Lololohwi, north of Guaso-nyiro,
B. E. Africa.

Type in U. S. National Museum.

Provisionally recognised as a race, diagnosed as follows :—
General colour golden yellow, lighter than in saltatrixoides ;
limbs much paler than body ; hoof-spot large ; crown of head
rufous, in marked contrast to body-colour.

13. 10 9. 1-3. Three skulls and skins, female, Guaso-
iiarok, northern Guaso-nyiro. The difference in colour
between the body and legs is very slight, but the rufous
crown is well-marked.

Presented ~by F. Russell Roberts, Esq., 1913.

D,— Oreotragus oreotragus schilling-si.

Oreotragus schillings!, O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1902,
p. 172 ; Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910.

Oreotragus saltator schillings!, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 167, 1908, Suppl. p. 9, 1911.

Oreotragus oreotragus schillings!, Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect.
vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 3, 1910.

Typical locality northern German East Africa.

Type apparently in the collection of Mr. C. G. Schillings.

128 CATALOGUE OF. UNGULATES

In general characters very similar to saltatrixoides, but
distinguished by the thighs, which are clear grey or rufous,
differing markedly in colour from the body, and the dark
middle line of the back, as well as by the very general
presence of horns in the female ; the last character
distinguishing this race from all the others.

The range includes all the district round Kilimanjaro,
and the neighbourhood of the Amara Eiver, British East
Africa, about a dozen miles from the German border, and
thence to Laikipia and Uganda.

5. 4. 3. 29. Skull and skin, female. South-western
Ankoli, Uganda ; collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett.

Presented ly Lieut. -Col. C. Delme-Eadcliffe, 1905.

5. 4. 3. 30. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history.

5. 4. 3. 31. Skeleton. Same locality. Same history.

3. 11. 7. 19. Skull (imperfect) and skin, immature.
Bulima, Uganda. Same donor, 1903.

8. 3. 14. 2. Skin. Laikipia, British East Africa.

Presented ly Gapt. the Hon. H. C. Guest, 1908.

11. 3. 12. 1. Head, mounted, and body-skin, female.
Amara Valley, southern Guaso-nyiro, British East Africa.

Presented ly Capt. W. H. Within, 1911.

10. 3. 17. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Laretai
Plains, British East Africa.

Presented ly Lieut.-Col. Stevenson Clarke, 1910.

10. 3. 17. 3. Skin. Same locality. Same history.

10. 3. 17. 4. Skull, with horns. Honeybird Valley,
fifty miles south-west of Kijabe, British East Africa.

Same history.

E.— Oreotrag-us oreotragus somalieus.

Oreotragus somalieus, O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1902,
p. 174 ; Drake-BrocJcman, Mammals of Somali, p. 63, 1910.

Oreotragus saltator somalieus, LydeJcker. Game Animals of Africa,
p. 167, 1908.

Typical locality Somaliland.

Differs from two preceding races by the bases of the
hairs, especially on the back, being reddish grey or reddish
brown ; females hornless.

OREOTRAGIN^

129

The coloured plate in the Book of Antelopes represents
this race.

94.2.21.21. Skull, with horns. Somaliland ; collected
by Col. H. G. C. Swayne.

Presented ly Dr. P. L. Sclatcr, 1894.
98. 3. 12. 1. Skull and skin, female. Golis Range,
Somaliland. Type.

Presented by F. B. Parkinson, Esq., 1898.

FIG. 12. — FRONT AND SIDE VIEWS OF SKULL OP SOMALI KLIPSPRINGER
(Oreotragus oreotragus somalicus).

10. 10. 3. 46. Skin, female. Same locality.

Presented ly Dr. R. E. Drake-Brockman, 1910.
10. 10. 3. 45. Skin. Shanahalsh, Golis Range.

Same history.

6. 11. 1. 57. Skull, with horns (fig. 12), and skin.
Managaiki Hills, North-eastern Africa ; collected by
Mr. Zaphiro. Presented ly W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906.

12. 7. 10. 7. Skin. Debrowein, Somaliland.

Presented ly G. Elaine, Esq., 1912.

II.

130 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

F. — Oreotragrus oreotrag*us aceratos.

Oreotragus aceratos, Noack, Zool. Anz. 1899, p. 11 ; 0. Neumann,

Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1902, p. 173.
Oreotragus saltator aceratos, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,

p. 167, 1908.

Typical locality Lindi Hinterland, East Africa.

Distinguished from all the other races by the reddish or
ochery colour of the fore-quarters ; the hind-quarters alone
being olive (roe-colour).

The range includes Nyasaland, Southern Angoniland, and
North-eastern Ehodesia.

92. 8. 1. 63. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba,
Nyasaland (B. C. Africa) ; collected by A. Whyte, Esq.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1892.

94. 1. 25. 21. Skin, mounted, and skull Fort Lister,
Nyasaland. Same donor, 1894.

96. 10. 26. 23. Skin, immature. Southern Angoniland.
Presented ly Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1896.

95. 2. 2. 17. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Mlange, Nyasaland. Same donor, 1895.

2. 8. 12. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Muchinga
Mountains, North-eastern Ehodesia.

Presented ly F. H. Melland, Esq., 1902.
7. 11. 15. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. South
Chemsali district, North-eastern Ehodesia.

Presented ly E. L. Harger, Esq., 1907.

7. 11. 15. 7-8. Two skulls and skins, female. Same

locality. Same history.

7. 11. 15. 9. Skin. Same locality. Same history.

G.— Oreotragus oreotrag-us porteousi.

Oreotragus saltator porteusi, Lydekker, Proc. Zool. See. 1911, p. 960,
Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 9, 1911 ; name misspelt.

Typical locality Zaria * district of Northern Nigeria.

Imperfectly known. Skull differs from that of schillingsi
by its much greater width, the diameter across the orbits
being 3J against 2-}-| inches ; it is further distinguished by the

* Incorrectly given as Yola in original description.

OUEOTRAGIX.i; 131

marked bending-down of the margin of the lachrymal bone,
which consequently has a distinct lateral surface in place of
a sharp edge, and also shows only a comparatively small
portion of its whole extent in a front view of the skull.

12. 5. 3. 1. Skull, with horns. Duchi n'Wai Range,
Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Type.

Presented by Dr. E. J. Porteous, 1911.

SUBFAMILY viii.— NEOTRAGINME.

Relatively small antelopes, with well-developed slender
tails of moderate length, and a large bare muffle extend-
ing nearly as far back as hind angles of nostrils.
Face-glands, when present, in the form of a valvular
invagination, with their circular orifices approximated to
the eyes; web of pasterns folded back on itself to form
posterior wall of an interdigital cleft ; other characters of this
part as in Oreotragince ; hoofs normal ; inguinal glands
apparently present. Teats two* or four.f Lateral hoofs
present or absent. Horns absent in females, except abnor-
mally ; those of males in the form of short simple spikes,
more or less annulated at base ; skull more or less elongated,
with large lachrymal depressions and small lachrymal slits ;
frontals much the same as in Oreotragince, as are also the
upper molars.

The distributional area includes the greater portion of
Ethiopian Africa. The following is a key to the genera
included in the subfamily :—

A. A bare patch below ear Ourebia.

B. No bare patch below ear.

a. Horns vertical ; lateral hoofs present or absent... Raphicerus.

b. Horns inclining backwards in or near frontal

plane ; lateral hoofs wanting Neotragus.

* W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 174,
Raphicerus.

t Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882, Ourebia.

K 2

132 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

I. Genus OUREBIA.

Ourebia, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 622, 1841*;
Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 13, 1895 ;
Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882.

Scopophorus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232,

1846.
Oribia, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 238, 1899.

The largest members of the subfamily, readily distin-
guished by the presence of a larger or smaller bare patch of
skin (commonly described as glandular) below each ear, tufts
of long hairs on the knees, and the retention of small lateral
hoofs. Tail short and tufted. Skull with large or medium
lachrymal depressions ; nasals large. Horns inclining back-
wards, and ridged at base.

The genus is distributed, in suitable localities, over the
greater part of Ethiopian Africa, where it is represented by
several more or closely allied species, some of which might
perhaps be better regarded as local races. To these the
following is a key : —

A. A blackish frontal mark.

a. Size smaller; basal skull-length 5f inches... 0. ourebi.

b. Size larger; basal skull length 6T5ff 0. goslingi.

B. No dark frontal mark.

a. Horns more or less slender ; hair straight.

a'. Tail largely black.

a". Nose blackish ; size small 0. nigricaudata*

b". Nose fawn ; size larger.

a-3. Lachrymal depression broad 0. hastata.

b3. Lachrymal depression narrow.

a*. Skull small; teeth large 0. kenyce.

b*. Skull large ; teeth small 0. microdon.^

b'. Tail fawn, except for a few hairs at tip.

a'. Horns long and slender; tail short ... 0. cottoni.

b'. Horns short and slight; tail longer ... 0. montana.

b. Horns very thick and heavily ridged 0. haggardi.

c. Hair curly 0. gallarum.

* For date of this work see Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. vii>
p. 350, 1899.

f External characters unknown.

NEOTRAGINA: 133

I. OUREBIA OUKEBI.

Antilope ourebi, Zimmermann, Geogr. Geschichte, vol. iii, p. 266,
1783 ; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 320, 1801 ; Huet, Bull.
Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 89, 1887.

Antilope scoparia, Schreber, Saugthiere, pi. cclxi, 1785 ; Afzelius
Nova Ada Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Desmarest, Nouv.
Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 194, 1816, Mamm. vol. ii, p. 462, 1822 ;
Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822; Gold-
fuss, Schreber's Saugthiere, vol. v, p. 1244, 1824 ; Burchell, List
Quadr. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 7, 1825 ; H. Smith, Griffith's
Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 244, vol. v, p. 339, 1827 ; Lesson,
Man. Mamm. p. 379, 1827, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836,
Nouv. Tabl. Eegne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; Lichtenstein,
Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. xii, 1828 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm.
p. 469, 1829 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 78, 1832 ; Owen,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat. Vertebrates, p. 633, 1868 ;
Oken, Allgemeine Naturgesch. vol. vii, p. 1362, 1838 ; Gervais,
Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840 ; Wagner, Schreber' s
Saugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 429, 1844, vol. v, p. 411, 1855 ;
Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 414, 1845 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere,
p. 316, 1855.

Antilope melanura, Bechstein, Uebersichtvierfiiss. Thiere,\ol. i, p. 73,
1799, vol. ii, p. 642, 1800.

Cenias melanura, Oken, Lehrbuch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pt. 2,
p. 743, 1816.

Rechmca scoparia, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 211,
1834.

Antilope (Ourebia) scoparia, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i,
p. 623, 1841.

Oreotragus scoparius, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 164, 1843,
List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 146, 1847 ; Drummond, Large Game
S. Africa, p. 426, 1875.

Calotragus scoparius, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 192, 1846 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 260,
1880, ed. 3, p. 396, 1891.

Scopophorus ourebi, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 131, 1851, Knowsley Menagerie,
p. 7, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 118, Cat. Ungulata Brit.
Mus. p. 73, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 19, 1872, Hand-
List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 90, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones
Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236, 1862 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ah. Wiss.
Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869.

Calotragus oureby, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853.

Scopophorus ourebi grayi, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien,
vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869.

Nanotragus scoparius, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 642 ; Selous,
ibid. 1881, p. 761, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 221,
1881; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 301, 1889; Flower and
LydekJcer, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; Nicolls and Egling-
ton, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 25, 1892 ; Ward, Eecords of Big
Game, p. 81, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 218, 1893.

134 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Scopophorus scoparius, JentinJc, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus.

Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 131, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op.

cit. vol. xi) p. 160, 1892.
Neotragus scoparius, Barkley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 132 ; Rendall,

ibid. 1895, p. 361.
Ourebia scoparia, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii,

p. 15, 1895; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. ir

p. 170, 1900.
Oribia scoparia, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 238,

1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 169, 1908 ; Kirby, Great and

Small Game of Africa, p. 239, 1899; Ward, Eecords of Big

Game, ed. 6, p. 176, 1910 ; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Rhodesia,

p. 196, 1911.
Ourebia ourebi, quoted by LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 169,

note, 1908 * ; PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882.
Ourebia oribi, Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7,

vol. xix, p. 387, 1907.

ORIBI.

Type of genus ; also of Scopophorus.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

Size large ; height at shoulder from about 24 to 26 inches.
General colour bright sandy rufous ; chin, a stripe over
outer angle of each eye, and under-parts (exclusive of throat)
white ; generally a dark brown triangular mark on forehead ;
subauricular bare patch small and indistinct; tail sandy
rufous in its basal third, elsewhere thickly tufted and black,
length about 4 J inches ; skull with large slender muzzle,
and large and open lachrymal depressions, of which the
upper and lower borders are strongly ridged. Horns, of
which fine specimens measure from 5 to 7 inches in length,
slender, evenly tapering, inclined backwards at an angle of
about 45° to the plane of the face, with a slight upward and
forward curvature ; their ridges approximated, low, rounded,
indistinct, and restricted to the basal two-thirds. Length of
hind-foot 11, of ear 3f inches ; basal length of skull 5J,
maximum width 2J, length from muzzle to orbit 3f inches.

The range appears to extend as far north as the Zambesi
on the east, and into Congo territory on the west.

46. 10. 26. 18. Skull and skin, female. South Africa,

Purchased, 1846.

46. 10. 26. 17. I Skull and skin, female. South Africa.

46. 1. 9. 13. ) Purchased, 1846.

* There is some earlier reference.

NKOTI;AI;IN.I; 135

77"), li. \ Skull and skin, female. Mashonaland.

135, b. j EH c/xkange with the South African Museum.

1. 0. 3. 86. Skull, with horns. Mashonaland.

Presented by F. C. Selous, Esq., 1901.

(.»7. 8. 25. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. South-east
Africa. Presented ly J.ffolliott Darling, Esq., 1897.

'.'7. 8. 25. 4. Head, mounted. Mount Fletcher, Griqua-
land East. Same history.

8. 4. 15. 1. Head, mounted. Barotsiland.

Presented ly S. F. Griffin, Esq., 1908.

12. 1. 1. 1-3. Three frontlets, with horns. Mazabreka,
North-west Ehodesia. Presented ly R. C. Wood, Esq., 1912.

12. 3. 27. 1, 2. Two skulls, male, with horns, and
immature female. Same locality. Same history.

10. 2. 16. 5. Skull, with horns. Nsele, Awemba, North-
east Rhodesia. Presented ly F. H. Melland, Esq., 1910.

12. 5. 10. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Luapula
Valley, Belgian Congo. Presented ly Col. C. F. Elaine, 1912.

II. OUBEBIA HASTATA.

Antilope hastata, Peters, Reise Mossambique, Sdugeth. p. 188, pi. xli,

fig. 2 ; Gielel, Sdugetliiere, p. 817, 1855 ; Wagner, Schrebers

Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. v, p. 411, 1855 ; ~H.net, Bull. Soc. Acclim.

1887, p. 46.

Calotragus hastata, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853.
Scopophorus hastatus, Fit zing er, Sitzber. k. A~k. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,

pt. 1, p. 165, 1869 ; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 121,

1895.
Nanotragus hastatus, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1874, p. 642 ; Flower

and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1892 ; LydeJcJcer,

Horns and Hoofs, p. 219, 1893.
Oreotragus hastatus, Riitimeyer, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 53,

1877.
Ourebia hastata, Sclatcr and Thomas, Book, of Antelopes, vol. ii,

p. 21, 1895 ; Thomas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.

ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 387, 1907.
Oribia hastata, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 239,

1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 171, 1908.

Typical locality Senna, Zambesia.

Nearly related to 0. ourebi, but with a larger and more
conspicuous ear-patch, a more slender and less heavily tufted
tail, with more or less white along the inferior lateral edges,

136

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

These differences

The range extends

and no dark mark on crown of head,
scarcely seem of more than racial value,
from Mozambique to Nyasaland.

93. 5. 6. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba, Nyasa-
land ; collected by A. Whyte, Esq.

Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1893.

FIG. 13. — FRONT AND SIDE VIEWS OP SKULL AND HORNS OF PETERS'S
ORIBI (Ourebia hastata).

94. 3. 7. 4. Skin, mounted, and skull. Shirwa Plain,
Nyasaland; same collector. Same donor, 1894.

96. 10. 28. 21. Skull and skin, female. South of Lake
Shirwa, Nyasaland ; same collector. Same donor, 1896.

97. 10. 1. 264. Skull, with horns (fig. 13), and skin.
Zomba. Same donor, 1897.

99. 6. 29. 9. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zomba.

Presented ly Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1899.

NEOTRAGIN.*: 137

III. OUEEBIA NIGRICAUDATA.

Scopophorus montanus, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 7, pi. v, 1850,

nee Crctzsclnnar.
Nanotragus iiigricaudatus, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 874,

pi. Ixxv ; Garrod, ibid. 1877, p. 11 ; Ward, Records of Big Game,

p. 81, 1892; LydeTtlier, Horns and Hoofs, p. 219, 1893.
Neotragus nigricaudatus, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 145,

1883.
Ourebia nigricaudata, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii,

p. 23, 1895; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392,

1907 ; PococTf, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882.
Oribia nigricaudata, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa,

p. 239, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 171, 1908 ; Ward,

Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 180, 1910.

Typical locality Gambia.

Size relatively small ; height at shoulder about 21 inches.
General colour greyish fawn ; ear-patch large ; upper surface
of nose dusky ; tail with a large terminal tuft. Length of
hind-foot 10, of ear 3f inches. There may be a triangular
blackish patch behind the horns.

The range includes the open districts of Gambia and
Senegambia.

76. 2. 30. 3. Skeleton, with horns, and skin. Gambia;
collected by C. B. More, Esq. Type.

Purchased (Zoological Society), 1876.

76. 2. 4. 2. Skin, female. West Africa.

Presented ~by the Zoological Society, 1876.

99. 6. 15. 15. Skull and skin, female. Gambaga.

Presented ly Capt. W. Giffard, 1899.

10. 2. 17. 1. Head-skin, immature female. Bekel
District, Senegal. Presented by Capt. H. S. Topping, 1910.

10.2.17.2. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality.

Same history.

11. 6. 10. 106. Skin. Upper Gambia.

Presented ly G. Fenwick Oicen, Esq., 1911.
8. 12. 18. 3. Skin, mounted. Senegarnbia.

Presented ly F. Russell Roberts, Esq., 1908.
51. 12. 2. 6. Skull and skin, female. West Africa.

Purchased (Zoological Society^, 1851.
5. 5. 10. 13. Skin. Wase, Northern Nigeria.

Presented ly Dr. H. K. W. Kumm, 1905.

138 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

99. 7. 7. 6. Skull, with horns, immature. Borgu,

Nigeria. Presented ly Capt. G. H. F. Abadie, 1899.

99. 7. 7. 7. Skull, female. Same locality. Same history.

IV. OUREBIA MONTANA.

Antilope montana, Cretzschmar, Atlas to Riippell's Reise Nordost-
Afrika, p. 11, pi. iii, 1826; Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 469,
1829 ; Riippell, Neue Wirbelth. Abyssin., Mamm. p. 25, 1835,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 3 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290,
1836 ; Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; Lauril-
lard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841 ; Wagner,
Schreber's Saugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 431, 1844, vol. v, p. 412,
1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 421, 1845 ; Giebel,
Sdugcthiere, p. 316, 1855 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv,
p. 34, 1887.

Redunca montana, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 211,
1834.

Antilope brevicaudata, Riippell, M.S. (Neue Wirbelth. Abyssin.,
Mamm. p. 25, 1835).

Tragelaphus montanus, Riippell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senckenberg.
p. 37, 1842.

Calotragus montanus, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 193, 1846; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853;
Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leop.-Car. vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 8, 1863,
Reise Nordost-Afrika, vol. ii, p. 104, 1877.

Scopophorus montanus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 137, 1851, Cat. Ungulata Brit.
Mus. p. 74, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 19, 1872;
Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 101; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k.
Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869 ; Blanford, Zool.
Abyssinia, p. 266, 1870 ; Giglioli, Ann. Mus. Genova, ser. 2,
vol. vi, p. 18, 1888 ; Jentink, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (Mus.
Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 160, 1892.

Nanotragus montanus, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, pp. 642 and
875 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 166, 1891 ;
Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; Ward,
Records of Big Game, p. 82, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs,
p. 218, 1893.

Ourebia montana, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii,
p. 25, 1895 ; Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through
Abijssinia, p. 464, 1902; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882 ;
Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 147, 1913.

Oribia montana, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 239,
1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 172, 1908 ; Ward, Records
of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 178, 1910.

Typical locality Fazogloa Eange, Blue Nile.
Height at shoulder 22 to 23 inches. Distinguished from
typical species by the shorter and less bushy tail, which has

NEOTRA(iIN-i: 139

only a few black hairs at the tip, but a number of white
ones along the sides of the lower surface ; ear-patch large
and completely bare; no dark frontal mark. Basal length
of skull 5§, greatest width 2J, length from muzzle to orbit
."••; inches.

JS

It is not possible at present to give a key to the two
races, especially as cottoni may have to be classed as a third
race of this species.

A.— Ourebia montana montana.

General characters those given above.
Typical locality Fazogloa Eange, Blue Nile.
73. 8. 29. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Dembelas,
Abyssinia. Purchased, 1873.

73. 8. 29. 5, 6. Two skulls and skins. Same locality.

Same history .

2. 4. 5. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin (scalp separate).
Adamadis, Madi District.

Presented ly C. S. Betton, Esq., 1902.
11.5. 28. 2, 3. Two skulls, male, with horns, and female,
and skins. South-west of Shanibe, Bahr-el-Ghazal.

Presented ly F. C. Selous, Esq., 1911.
9. 7. 8. 5. Skin, female. Near Tonga Island, White
Nile. Presented ly C. C. Tower, Esq., 1909.

8. 4. 2. 56. Skull, with horns. Upper Nile.

Presented ly A. L. Butler, Esq., 1908.
8. 4. 2. 57. Skull and skin. Same locality.

Same history.

0. 8. 6. 7, 8. Two skulls, male, with horns, and female,
and skin. White Nile ; 11° N. Lat.

Presented ly Capt. S. S. Flower, 1900.

1. 8. 8. 41. Skull, with horns. Kaka, White Nile.

Presented ly E. Me. D. Hawker, Esq., 1901.
6. 9. 12. 1, 2. Two skulls, immature, with horns.
Mongalla, Bahr-el-Ghazal.

Presented ly Crawford Logan, Esq., 1906.

3. 12. 15. 1. Head, immature, mounted, and skull.
Binder Valley, Blue Nile.

Presented ly A. W. Haig, Esq., 1903.

140 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

12. 11. 13. 16. Four mounted beads. Binder Valley;
•collected by Capt. M. E. T. Gunthorpe.

Presented ~by Col. E. J. Gunthorpe, 1912.

1. 1. 25. 1. Skull, with horns. Addis Abeba, Abyssinia.

Presented ly Capt. C. WelWy, 1901.

12. 11. 2. 1 Skull, immature, female. Keilak, Southern
Kordofan. Presented ly Capt. B. V. G. Durnford, 1912.

B.— Ourebia montana aequatoria.

Ourebia montana sequatoria, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix,
no. 8, p. 12, 1912.

Typical locality Lado Enclave.

The following is the original description : — " Nearest
•cottoni (infra, p. 144), but differing by the smaller, less
vertical horns, which are less heavily ringed and lighter;
dorsal coloration with darker tips to the ears and a few dark
hairs in the tip of the tail ; hair shorter ; horns much heavier
than in montana, but slanting backward at same angle,
tympanic bullse and nasal bones larger. Intermediate in
horn-characters between cottoni and montana, but coloration
nearer cottoni . . . The difference between this race and
cottoni is surprisingly slight, notwithstanding that these two
races live at the extremes of the vertical range of the genus."

The last sentence suggests that the author regards cottoni
-as a race of the present species.

V. OUEEBIA HAGGAEDL

ISJeotragus haggardi, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. xv,
p. 187, 1895.

Ourebia haggardi, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii,
p. 29, 1895.

Oribia haggardi, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 239,
1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 176, 1908 ; Ward, Records of
Big Game, ed. 6, p. 180, 1910.

Typical locality Lamu district, British East Africa.

Shoulder-height about 24 inches. Specially characterised
by the stout and compressed horns, with the ridges pro-
nounced and strongly angulated, and the lateral profile

NEOTRAGIN^E 141

slightly sinuous ; general colour greyer than usual ; tail
black-tufted ; skull very shallow.

87. 3. 9. 2. Skull, with horns. Lamu, British East
Africa. Co-type. Presented by J. G. Haggard, Esq., 1887.
87. 3. 9. 3. Skull, with horns. Lamu. Co-type.

Same history*
87. 3. 9. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. Lamu.

Same history*

95. 6. 9. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Doruma
district, 25 miles inland of Mombasa.

Presented by A. H. Neumann, Esq., 1895.

VI. OUREBIA KENY/E.

Ourebia kenya;, Meinertzhagen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1905, vol. i, p. 169.
Oribia kenyae, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 174, 1908.

Typical locality Kenia district, British East Africa.

Nearly related to 0. haggardi, and standing from about
23 to 25 inches at the shoulder, this species (or [?] race) is
distinguished by the horns being less thick, and not so
roughly and irregularly ridged, as well as by their more
forward direction and greater divergence. General colour
bright fulvous or ochery tawny ; chin, throat, and a streak
running from above the eye towards muzzle white ; ears
fringed above with dark brown ; tail about 4 inches long, its-
terminal three-fourths tufted and black and basal fourth
edged with black below. Lachrymal depression narrow.

In the last-mentioned feature, as well as in its black-
tufted tail, this species shows affinity with 0. hastata.

4. 11. 5. 28. Skull, with horns. Fort Hall, British East
Africa. Type. Presented by Capt. R. Meinertzhagen, 1904.

4. 11. 5. 24-26. Three skulls, with horns (fig. 14). Fort
Hall. Same history.

4. 11. 5. 27. Skull, female. Same locality.

Same history*

4. 1.1. 5. 29-31. Three skulls, with horns. Same locality.

Same history*

4. 12. 6. 13. Skull, with horns. Same locality.

Presented by S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1904.

142 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

4. 12. 6. 12. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality.

Same history.

7. 11. 18. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Foot of Mount
Kenia. Presented by E. J. Cuninghame, Esq., 1907.

7. 11. 18. 3. Skull and skin, female. Same locality.

Same history.

FIG. 14. — FRONT AND SIDE VIEWS OF SKULL AND HORNS OF KENIA
ORIBI (Ourebia kenyce).

VII. OUREBIA MICRODOK

Ourebia microdon, Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2,

p. 4, 1910.
Oribia microdon, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, Su2)pl. p. 10,

1911.

Typical locality Guasin-gishu Plateau, British East
Africa.

Type in United States National Museum.

A large species, known by the skull, in which the upper

NEOTKAClN.l. 143

series of check-teeth is unusually short, occupying less length
than in species with absolutely smaller skulls ; rostral portion
of skull elongated; horns short, stout, and heavily ridged.
Apparently most nearly related to kcnyccr from which it
differs by its larger size, longer cranial rostrum and nasals,
square and flat basioccipital, and shorter and more heavily
ridged horns. Some of the dimensions of the type skull are
contrasted below with those of other species ; the measure-
ments in millimetres : —

microdon. cottoni. kenyce. inontana.

Maximum length 175 168 165 164

Condylo-basal length 163 157 154 153

Basal length 152 146 143 144

Maximum width 77 75 75 74

Muzzle to orbit 95 87 85 86

Length of upper row of cheek-teeth. 48 53 49 50

No specimen in collection.

VII L OUEEBIA GOSLINGI.

Ourebia goslingi, TJwmas and Wroughton, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.

ser. 7, vol. xix, p. 387, 1897; Alexander, From Niger to Nile,

vol. ii, p. 392, 1907.
Oribia goslingi, Lydehker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 177, 1908.

Typical locality Mangara, Welle Valley, Congo.

Characterised by its large size (approximately the same as
in hastata), coupled with the presence of a conspicuous black
patch extending from the forehead between the horns to base
of ears, and recalling the somewhat similar mark in ourebi ;
a black tinge on back ; hairs smoky grey at base, and dark
brown above, with a bright buff ring below the small
black tip. Horns longer than in montana, but shorter and
slighter than in kenyce. Length of ear 4£ inches (107 mm.),
of hind-foot lljf (300 mm.), of tail 3£ inches (94 mm.);
basal length of skull 6-fs inches (160 mm.), greatest
breadth 2| (73 mm.), length from orbit to muzzle 3J inches
(98 mm.).

7. 7. 8. 215. Skull and skin, female. Niangara, Upper
Welle Valley. Type. Collected during the Alexander-
Gosling Expedition.

Presented by the Alexander- Gosling Expedition, 1907.

144 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

7. 7. 8. 213. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bimu, Welle
Valley. Same collection. Same history.

7. 7. 8. 214. Skull, with horns, immature. Danga, Congo.
Same collection. Same history.

7. 7. 8. 216. Skull and skin, female. Nigeria.

Same history.

7. 7. 8. 217. Skull, with horns. Nigeria. Same
collection. Same history.

7. 7/8. 218. Skull and skin, female. Nigeria.
Same collection. Same history, 1907.

IX. OUEEBIA COTTONI.

Ourebia cottoni, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. i, p. 177,
1908; Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 4,
1910; Heller, ibid. vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 12, 1910.

Oribia cottoni, LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 177, 1908.

Typical locality Guasin-gishu Plateau, British East
Africa.

About the size of 0. goslingi (23 inches at shoulder), but
with a rather longer coat and the general colour paler and
brighter, being tawny, fading to buff on flanks, instead of
dark clay-colour shading into ochre ; hairs drab for basal
two-thirds, but otherwise buff, except for very small black
tips ; no distinct dark frontal mark ; tail very short, less than
one-third the length of that of goslingi, about 1J inches.
Horns short and well ridged, although not so strongly as in
haggardi, skull, compared with that of goslingi, broader,
stouter, and shorter in front of orbits.

7. 12. 29. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Surgoit Eock,
Guasin-gishu Plateau, British East Africa. Type.

Presented by Major P. H. G. Powell-Cotton, 1907.

7. 12. 29. 2. Skin, mounted, and skull. Same locality.

Same history.

X. OUEEBIA GALLAEUM.

Ourebia gallarum, Elaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 146,
1913.

Typical locality shores of Lake Helene, about 60 miles
south of Addis Abeba, Abyssinia.

NKOTRAGIN^E 145

A large species, with long wavy hair and complete absence
of a dark frontal patch. General colour bright orange-fawn,
deeper along dorsal line, with the tips of the hairs cream and
their bases whitish ; forehead uniformly orange-fawn. Skull
relatively large and massive, with great development of the
bridge across the rostrum in front of orbits, and the con-
sequent marked concavity of the facial profile ; nasals
depressed ; lachrymal depression large and deep ; horns short;
and stout, inclining strongly backwards, as in montana, and
ridged only at base. Basal length of skull 6 inches (152 mm.),
greatest width 3^ (84 mm.), length of nasals 2-}^ (67 mm.),
of upper row of cheek-teeth 2^ (52 mm.).

The skull approximates to that of 0. cottoni, in which the
basal length is 5| inches (145 mm.), but differs by the more
backward inclination of the horns, resembling in this respect
0, montana, in which the basal skull-length is 6^- inches
(156 mm.). The hair is brighter and richer in tone than
that of cottoni, and quite different from the grizzled fawn of
montana ; while in its waviness it differs from both.

6. 11. 1. 58. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Helene.
Omo Valley, Abyssinia ; collected by Mr. Zaphiro. Type.

Presented ty W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906.

The following specimens are not yet specifically deter-
mined : —

4. 8. 1. 3. Skull, with horns. South-western Ankoli,
Uganda ; collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett.

Presented ~by Lieut. -Col. C. Delme-Radcliffe, 1904.
4. 8. 1. 4. Skull, immature female. South-western
Ankoli ; same collector. Same history.

4. 11. 5. 31. Skull, with horns. Uganda.

Presented ~by Capt. R. Meinertzhagen, 1904.

II. Genus RAPHICERUS.

Raphicerus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 342,
1827 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 33,
1895 ; PococJf, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 879.

Calotragus, Sundevatt, K. Svenska Vet. -Ah. Handl. 1844, p. 192,
1846.

Rhaphocerus, Agassiz, Nomcnclator Zool., Index Univ. p. 321, 1840.
II. L

146 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Pediotragus, Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jf. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1,
p. 163, 1869; JentinJc, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxii, p. 30, 1900.

Kaphiceros, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 796.

Ehaphiceros, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 249,
1899 ; Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237.

No bare patch below ear, or tufts on knees ; tail short ;
horns rising nearly vertically, slender, with slightly developed
ridges on basal half ; lateral hoofs present or absent. Skull
stout and strong, with a sharp broad muzzle, small but deep
lachrymal depressions, of which the upper and lower margins
are rounded.

For the distinctive characteristics of the foot of this
genus, as compared with that of Ourebia, see Pocock, Proc.
Zool. Soc., 1910, p. 885.

The distributional area is restricted to Southern and
Eastern Africa.

The genus is divisible into the two following groups :—

A. Lateral hoofs wanting (Raphicerus).

a. Coat uniformly coloured R. campestris.

b. Coat speckled R. sharpei.

B. Lateral hoofs present (Nototragus) R. melanotis.

1. SUBGENUS RAPHICERUS.

Lateral hoofs wanting.

I. BAPHICEKUS CAMPESTEIS.

Capra grimmia, Thuriberg, Reise, vol. ii, p. 8, 1789, nee Linn.

Antilope campestris, Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii,
p. 311, 1811.

Antilope tragulus, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 176,
1814, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. xiv, 1828 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's
Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1234, 1818 ; Schinz, Cuvier's Thierreich,
vol. i, p. 392, 1821 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 458,
1822; J". Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 464, 1829; Smuts, Enum.
Mamm. Cap. p. 81, 1832; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37r
Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat*
Mamm. vol. x, p. 291, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim., Mamm.
p. 177, 1842; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgesch. vol. vii, p. 1362,
1838 ; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 622, 1841 ;
Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840; Forster,
Descrip. Anim. pp. 36 and 374, 1844 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdug-
thiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 436, 1844, vol. v, p. 410, 1855 ; Schinz,

NEOTRAGIN^ 147

Synop. Ma nun. vol. ii, p. 411, 1845; Peters, Reise nach Mossam-
bique, Sdugeth. p. 187, 1852 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 318,
1855 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 88, 1887.

Antilope tragulus rupestris, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi,
p. 177, 1814 ; Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 376, 1844.

Antilope capensis (for campestris), Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal.
vol. vii, p. 254, 1815.

Antilope ibex, Afzelius, op. cit. p. 263, 1815 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm.
p. 376, 1827.

Cerophorus (Cervicapra) stenbock, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom.
1816, p. 75.

Cerophorus (Cervicapra) acuticornis, Blainville, op. cit. pp. 75 and 79,
1816, Journ. Phys. Aug. 1818, pi. i, fig. 8, Oken's Isis, 1819,
vol. ii, p. 1095.

Antilope acuticornis, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 193,
1816, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 460, 1820 ; Schinz, Cuvier's Thier-
reich, vol. i, p. 395, 1821 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 377, 1827 ;
Flower and Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. R. Coll. Surg. pt. ii,
p. 275, 1884.

Antilope rupestris, BurcJiell, Travels in S. Africa, vol. i, p. 202, 1822,
vol. ii, p. 15, 1824 ; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom,
vol. iv, p. 248, vol. v, p. 340, 1827 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm.
vol. ii, p. 412, 1845.

Antilope fulvo-rufescens, Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i,
p. 446, 1822.

Antilope (Raphicerus) acuticornis, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal King-
dom, vol. iv, p. 252, vol. v, p. 342, 1827; Lesson, Hist. Nat.
Mamm. vol. x, p. 292, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim. p. 177,
1842; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840.

Antilope (Raphicerus) subulata, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal King-
dom, vol. iv, p. 253, vol. v, p. 342, 1827; Lesson, Hist. Nat.
Mamm. vol. x, p. 292, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim. p. 177,
1842; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840.

Tragulus rupestris, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 212,
1834 ; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxv, fig. 2, 1840.

Tragelaphus tragulus, Riippell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senckenberg. p. 37,

1842.
Oreotragus tragulus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 164, 1843,

List. Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 146, 1847.

Calotragus campestris, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 71, 1852;
Layard, Cat. S. African Mus. p. 68, 1861 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones
Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 235, 1862.

Calotragus tragulus, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p. 209.

Pediotragus tragulus, Fitzinger, Sitzber. It. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,
pt. 1, p. 163, 1869; Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. ix, p. 173,
1873, vol. xv, p. 262, 1893, vol. xxii, p. 30, 1900, Cat. Osteol.
Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 134, 1887, Cat. Mamm.
Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 165, 1892; Max Weber, Arch,
mikr. Anat. vol. xxi, p. 500, 1888.

Pediotragus tragulus grayi, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien,
vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 163, 1869.

L 2

148 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Pediotragus campestris, Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 31, 1872,

Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 100, 1873 ; 0. Neumann,

Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1900, p. 559.
Nanotragus tragulus, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, pp. 642 and 874 ;

Buckley, ibid. 1876, p. 283 ; Bocage, ibid. 1878, p. 742 ; Selous,

ibid. 1881, p. 762, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 222,

1881; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 300, 1889; Hunter,

Willoughby's East Africa, p. 290, 1889 ; Crawshay, Proc. Zool.

Soc. 1890, p. 654 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii,

p, 166, 1891; Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 339,

1891 ; Lugard, E. Africa, vol. i, p. 540, 1893.

Neotragus tragulus, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 145, 1883.
Nanotragus campestris, Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S.

Africa, p. 24, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 217, 1893 ;

Jackson, Big Game Shooting (Badminton Library), vol. i,

pp. 285 and 391, 1894; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix,

p. 60, 1895.

Neotragus campestris, Rendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 361.
Raphicerus campestris, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes,

vol. ii, p. 41, pi. xxvii, fig. 1, 1895, vol. iv, p. 225, 1900; W. L.

Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 173, 1900 ; Pocock,

Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 879.
Rhaphiceros campestris, Kirby, Great and Small Game of Africa,

p. 251, 1899; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 181, 1908;

Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 185, 1910.
Pediotragus horstocki, Jentink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. xxii, p. 39,

1900.

Rhaphiceros horstocki, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237.
Rhaphicerus campestris, Lonnberg. Arkiv Zool. vol. v, No. 10, p. 4,

1909.

STEINBOK.

Type of Raphicerus, Calotragus, and Pediotragus.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

Height at shoulder from about 21 to 22 inches. General
colour bright sandy rufous, deeper on head ; muzzle and a
horseshoe-like patch on crown usually dark brown ; a white
stripe above outer angle of each eye; tail short, coloured
above like back, below white, as is also under surface of
body; lateral hoofs wanting; horns relatively larger than
in the oribis, the maximum recorded length being 7J inches.
Skull stout, with the frontal surface roughened and ridged,
and the prem axillae articulating with the nasals. Length of
hind-foot 9 j, of ear 4J inches ; basal length of skull 4£,
maximum width 2f , length from muzzle to orbit 2| inches.

The range extends on the west to the Cuneni and on the
east to the Zambesi.

NEOTKAGIN^E 149

The following local races have been named : —

A. Usually a dark coronal mark.

a. General colour orange rufous, with much

white on bel^ E. c. campeatris.

b. General colour vinaceous rufous, with less

white below R. c. natalemis.

B. No dark coronal mark, at least in male.

a. Auditory bulla small.

a! '. No dark nose-spot R. c. neumanni.

b'. A dark nose-spot jR. c. stigmaticus.

6. Auditory bulla large R. c. capricornis.

A. — Raphieerus campestris campestris.

Rhaphiceros campestris typicus, Kirby, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 251, 1899.

Typical locality South Africa.

General colour orange rufous, with a large white area on
the under-parts and relatively large white patches on the
throat and round the eyes.

43. 12. 7. 24. Skin. South Africa; collected by Verreaux.

Purchased, 1843.

46. 8. 3. 44. Skull, with horns. South Africa ; same

collector. Purchased, 1846.

46. 11. 20. 10. Skull, with horns, immature. South

Africa. Purchased, 1846.

46. 11. 18. 28. Skull, with horns. South Africa.

Purchased (Stevens), 1846.
776, g. Skull, with horns. South Africa.

Bequeathed ~by Gen. T. Hardwicke, 1835.
994, c. Skeleton, with horns. South Africa (?).

Purchased (Zoological Society).

1. 8. 5. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near Worcester,
Cape Colony. Purchased, 1901.

2. 12. 1. 32. Skull and skin, immature female. Deel-
fontein, Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented ly Lieut.-Col A. T. Sloggett, C.M.G., 1902.

2. 12. 1. 33. Skull and skin, immature female. Same
locality and collector. Same history.

3. 3. 6. 29, 30. Two young specimens, in spirit. Same
locality and collector. Same donor, 1903.

150

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

4. 3. 1. 96. Skull, female. Fredefort Koad, Northern
Orange Kiver Colony.

Presented ly Major G. B. H. Barrett-Hamilton, 1904.

3. 5. 10. 1. Skin, mounted. South Africa.

Purchased, 1903.

4. 2. 2. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin. Durban Eoad,
Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented ly C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904.

FIG. 15. — FRONT AND SIDE VIEWS OF SKULL OF STEINBOK
(Eaphicerus campestris).

4. 12. 3. 99. Skull, with horns, and skin. Umvolosi
Valley, Zululand. Same collector. Same history.

4. 12. 3. 100, 101. Two skulls and skins, female. Same
locality and collector. Same history.

4. 12. 3. 102. Skull and skin, female, imperfect. Hlatwa
district, Zululand. Same collector. Same history.

4. 12. 3. 120. Skull, with horns (fig. 15), and skin.
Umvolosi. Same collector. Same history.

NEOTUAClN.i: 151

4. 2. 3. 120. Skull and skin, female. Klipfontein,
Namaqualand. Same collector. Same history.

6. 11. 8. 142-144. Three skulls and skins (one female).
Coguno, Inhambane, Zululand. Same collector.

Same history .

B. — Raphieerus eampestris natalensis.

Rhaphiceros horstocki natalensis, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907,
p. 237 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 182, 1908.

Typical locality Drakensberg district of Natal.

Differs from typical race by its much darker colour,
which is deep vinaceous rufous, and by the smaller size of
the white patches on the throat and round the eyes and the
extent of the white of the under-parts.

83. 7. 27. 2. Skull, with horns, provisionally referred to
this race. Port Elizabeth ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq.

Purchased, 1883.

C. — Raphieerus eampestris neumanni.

Pediotragus neumanni, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1894,
p. 122, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 120, 1895.

Eaphicerus neumanni, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes,
vol. ii, p. 47, 1895 ; Thomas and Schwann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906,
p. 584 ; Lonnberg, SjostedVs Kilimandjaro-Meru Exped., Mamm.
p. 40, 1908 ; K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii, art. 5, p. 153,
1912.

Rhaphiceros eampestris neumanni, Hunter, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 253, 1899 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 180,
1908.

Nototragus neumanni, Eoosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910.

Typical locality Northern Ugogo, German East Africa.

Type in Berlin Museum.

Distinguished from typical race by the absence, at least
in the male, of the dark coronal crescentic mark, the paler
general colour, and the greater development of the white
facial markings, which form complete rings round the eyes,
are wider on the margins of the ears, more clearly defined on
the chin, throat and inner sides of the limbs, and include the
lips. The skull is slightly larger.

152 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

The reference of some of the following specimens is
provisional : —

89. 8. 3. 5. Skull, with horns, and head-skin, immature.
Between Kilimanjaro and coast.

Presented ly H. 0. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889.

89. 8. 3. 6. Skull, with horns. Same locality.

Same history.

92. 10. 18. 13. Skull, immature female. Kilimanjaro ; col-
lected by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B. Purchased, 1892.

90. 6. 8. 34. Immature skin. District between Equa-
toria and Bagamaja ; collected by Dr. Emin, Pasha.

Purchased, 1890.
0. 3. 27. 28, 29. Two skins. British East Africa.

Presented by the Lord Delamere, 1900.

3. 6. 10. 3. Skin. JSTedenit Valley, Lake Nakuru,
British East Africa. Presented ly F. C. Selous, Esq., 1903.

4. 11. 5. 23. Skull, with horns. Nyeri, British East
Africa. Presented ly Capt. R. Meinertzhagen, 1904.

9. 5. 27 2. Skull, with horns. Mt. Kenia, British East
Africa. Presented ly R. J. Cuninghame, Esq., 1909.

8. 9. 26. 3. Skin. Moshi Station, Kilimanjaro.

Presented ly A. B. Perceval, Esq., 1908.

0. 9. 3. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bondoni Hills,
near Machakos, British East Africa.

Presented ly R. Crawshay, Esq., 1900.

1. 8. 9. 68. Skull and skin, female. Eavine Station,
British East Africa.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.
6. 1. 5. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kilimanjaro.

Presented ly Major R. T. Bright, 1906.
3. 12. 14. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Ussangu,
German East Africa.

Presented ly F. Russell Roberts, Esq., 1903.

D. — Raphieerus campestris stigmatieus.

Bhaphiceros neumanni stigmaticus, Lonnberg, SjostedVs Kilimand*
jaro-Meru Expecl., Mamm. p. 40, 1908.

Typical locality Kilimanjaro.

Type in Swedish Zoological Museum.

NKOTKACIN.K

Differs from iienmanni by presence of a dark brown
triangular spot on nose, contrasting strongly with rufous
of face. Further evidence is required to show whether
this feature is constant, although there are stated to be
distinctive characters in the skull.

E. — Raphieerus campestris capricornis.

Eaphicerus neumanni capricornis, Thomas and Schwann, Proc. Zool.

Soc. 1906, p. 584.
Rhaphiceros campestris capricornis, Lydehher, Game Animals of

Africa, p. 181, 1908.

Typical locality Klein Let-aba, Transvaal.

Distinguished from the East African race by the larger
auditory bullaj and rather longer nasals ; slight traces of the
dark coronal mark of the typical race persist in the female.

5. 12. 9. 78. Skull, with horns, and skin. Klein Letaba,
north-eastern Transvaal ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.
Type. Presented bij C. D. Eudd, Esq., 1905.

5. 12. 9. 79. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and
collector. Same history.

97. 8. 25. 1-3. Three skulls, with horns, one immature,
provisionally referred to this race. Enkeldoorn, Mashona-
land. Presented ly J. ffoliott Darling, Esq., 1897.

The following form, if distinct, may indicate another race
of this species : —

Pediotragus kelleni, Jentiiik, Notes Ley den Mus. vol. xxii, p. 41, 1900 ;
Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 225, 1900.

Typical locality, Cuneni Valley, Mossamedes.
Known by two skulls in the Leyden Museum.

II. KAPHICEEUS SHAEPEI.

Raphiceros sharpei, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 796, pi. xxxix ;

Chubb, Proc. Rhodesia Scient. Assoc. vol. vii, p. 30, 1908 ;

Hamilton, Proc, Zool. Soc. 1913, p. 539.
llhaphiceros sharpei, Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa,

p. 251, 1899 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 180, 1908;

Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 187, 1910.
Puiphicerus sharpei, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. iv,

p. 225, 1890; Thomas and Schwann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906,

p. 583.

154 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Typical locality southern Angoniland.

A species with feet like those of R. campestris and a
white-speckled coat similar to that of R. melanotis.

Size much the same as in campestris. General colour
rich tawny rufous, brighter than in campestris or melanotis,
but white hairs intermingled with the dark ones; muzzle
brown above, darkest in middle line but without sharply
denned nose-patch ; sides of muzzle dirty white ; cheeks and
sides of neck fawn ; crown with crescentic mark ; ears large,
thinly haired at back, the hairs mostly white, but black on
margins ; under-parts and limbs as in campestris ; tail short,
above like back, white below.

The distributional area extends from Nyasaland through
Mashonaland to the north-eastern Transvaal. The two local
races are characterised as follows : —

a. Feet and bullse small R. s. sharpei.

b. Feet and bullse larger R. s. colonicus.

A. — Raphicerus sharpei sharpei.

Typical locality southern Angoniland.

Feet and auditory bulla relatively small ; general colour
without distinct purplish tinge ; under-parts white or
whitish, with very slight tinge of buff.

96. 10. 26. 3. Skin. Southern Angoniland. Type.
Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1896.

0. 5. 14. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. West of Lake
Mweru, North-west Khodesia. Same history.

1. 4. 27. 11. Skin, female. Nyasaland.

Presented ~by Lieut. -Col. Manning, 1901.
1. 6. 26. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Inpirnbi,
Nyasaland. Same history.

1. 6. 26. 5. Skull and skin, female. Same locality.

Same history.
5. 1. 29. 1. Skull and skin, female. Jvhodesia.

Presented by Capt. J. B. D unbar, 1905.
5. 11. 14. 1. Skin, mounted. Near junction of Lien with
Zambesi, Portuguese East Africa.

Presented by Monsieur L. de Vries, 1905.

NEOTKAGIN.1-: 155

B. — Raphicerus sharpei colonicus.

Baphicerus sharpei colonicus, Thomas and Schwann, Proc. Zool. Soc.

1906, p. 583.
Rhaphiceros sharpei colonicus, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,

p. 180, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 187, 1910.

Typical locality Klein Letaba, Transvaal.

Feet longer than in typical race ; general colour richer
with a more distinct purplish tinge, and the white hairs
more numerous ; under-parts, including throat, purplish buff,
with the bounding line indistinct on sides of belly ; auditory
bullre larger. Basal length of skull 4T76- (112 mm.), maximum
width 2^ (64 mm.), length from muzzle to orbit 2-f6
(59 mm.); length of tail 3 (76 mm.), of hind-foot without
hoof 7| inches (195 mm.).

5. 12. 9. 81. Skull, with horns, and skin. Klein Letaba,
north-eastern Transvaal; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.
Type. Presented ly C. D. Eudd, Esq., 1905.

5. 12. 9. 80. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality
and collector. Same history.

8. 4. 3. 1. Skull and skin, female. Tette, Zambesia.
Same collector. Same donor, 1908.

2. SUBGENUS NOTOTRAGUS.

Nototragus, Thomas and Schwann, Abstr. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1906, p. 10 ;

Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882.
Grysbock, Knottnerus- Meyer, Arch. Naturgesch. vol. Ixxiii, pt. 1,

p. 99, 1907.

Distinguished from Eapliicerus by the retention of lateral
hoofs.

III. KAPHICEROS (NOTOTRAGUS) MELANOTIS.

Antilope melanotis, Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii,
p. 312, 1811 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, pp. 257 and
262, 1815; Goldfuss, Schreber's Saugthiere, vol. v, p. 1235,
1818 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 459, 1822 ; Lesson, Man.
Mamm. p. 376, 1827 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. xii,
1828 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 465, 1829 ; Smuts, Enum.
Mamm. Cap. p. 82, 1832 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37,
Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868 ; Watcrhouse, Cat.
Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 42, 1838 ; Oken, Allgemeine Natur-

156 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

gescJi. vol. vii, p. 1363, 1838 ; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat.
vol. i, p. 623, 1841 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol.
iv, p. 438, 1844. vol. v, p. 411, 1855 ; Schinz, Synop. Mamm.
vol. ii, p. 413, 1845 ; Peters, Reise nach Mossambique, Sdugeth.
p. 187, 1852 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 318, 1855 ; Huet, Bull Soc.
Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 488, 1887.

Antilope tragulus melanotis, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi,
p. 176, 1814 ; Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 375, 1844.

Antilope grisea, Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 244, 1816 ; BurcJiell,
List Mamm. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 6, 1825 ; H. Smith,
Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 250, vol. v, p. 341, 1827 ;
Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; nee
Boddaert.

Cerophorus (Cervicapra) grisea, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816,
p. 75.

Antilope rubro-albescens, Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i,
p. 446, 1822.

Tragulus melanotis, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 213, 1834; Harris, Wild Anim. S. Africa, pi. xxvii, fig. 2,
1840.

Tragelaphus melanotis, Riippell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senckenberg.
p. 37, 1842.

Oreotragus griseus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 164, 1843.

Calotragus melanotis, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 192, 1846; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 136, 1851, Knowsley Menagerie,
p. 7, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 118, Cat. Ungulata Brit.
Mus. p. 72, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 19, 1872, Hand-
List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 90, 1873 ; Temminck, Esquiss.
Zool. Guine, p. 192, 1855 ; Layard, Cat. S. African Mus. p. 70,
1861 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 235, 1862 ; Blyth,
Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, p. 166, 1863 ; Fitzinger,
Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 165, 1869 ; Jentink,
Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 131, 1887,
Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit. vol. xi) p. 159, 1892 ; Mat-
schie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 120, 1895.

Nanotragus melanotis, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 642 ; Selous,
ibid. 1881, p. 627, A Hunter1 s Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 222,
1881 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 300, 1889 ; W. L. Sclater,
Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 167, 1891 ; Flower and
Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 33, 1891 ; Nicolls and Egling-
ton, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 26, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and
Hoofs, p. 219, 1893 ; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. ix,
p. 60, 1895.

Neotragus melanotis, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 145, 1883,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 520; Rendall, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895,
p. 361.

Eaphicerus melanotis, Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes,
vol. ii, p. 35, pi. xxvii, fig. 2, 1895 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S.
Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 176, 1900.

Rhaphiceros melanotis, Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 249, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 181, 1908; Ward,
Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 184, 1910.

NEOTI;A<;IN.K 157

Nototragus melanotis, Thomas and Schivann, Abstr. Proc. Zool. Soc.
1906, p. 10 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882.

Grysbock melanotis, Knot tner us -Meyer, Arch. Nattirgesch. vol. Ixxiii,
pt. 1, p. 99, 1907.

The following names have been applied to albinistic
varieties of this or other species of the genus : —

Antilope tragulus pallida, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi,
p. 177, 1814 ; Forstcr, Descrip. Anim. p. 876, 1844.

Antilope pediotragus, Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, pp.
260 and 264, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugethiere, vol. v,
p. 1238, 1818 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamni. Cap. p. 84, 1832 ; Gervais,
Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl. vol. i, p. 262, 1840; Lesson, Nouv. Tabl.
Regne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842.

Antilope pallida, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv,
p. 251, vol. v, p. 342, 1827.

Antilope rufescens, H. Hmith, op. cit. vol. iv, p. 249, vol. v, p. 341,
1827; Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842;
Schinz, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 412, 1845.

Tragulus pediotragus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 213, 1834.

Calotragus melanotis pallida, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 70, 1850,
Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 72, 1852.

Calotragus rufescens, Temminck, Esqiiiss. Zool. Guine, p. 192, 1853.

Pediotragus rufescens, Jentink, Cat. Mamm. Ley den Mus. (Mus.
Pays-Bas, vol. xi) p. 165, 1892.

GRYSBOK.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

Height about 22 inches. General colour of the long and
coarse coat deep rich rufous profusely speckled with white,
owing to the presence of a large number of white hairs ;
under-parts paler than back, but not white ; frequently a
blackish crescentic mark on crown ; ears very large, grey
externally ; very small lateral hoofs present ; tail very short,
without any black at tip ; horns of the same general type
as those of campestris, but shorter, the maximum recorded
length being 4| inches.

The range extends as far north as Zambesia and
Mozambique.

40, b. Skin, female, mounted. Cape of Good Hope.

Presented ly Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817.

46, a. Skin. Cape of Good Hope. Purchased.

37. 9. 26. 123. Skull and skin, immature female. Cape

158 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

of Good Hope ; collected by Yerreaux. Referred by Gray
in 1852 to his Calotragus melanotis pallida.

Purchased 1837.
38. 7. 13. 10. Skin, immature. South Africa.

Purchased (Stevens), 1838.
51. 5. 5. 18. Skull, immature, female.

Purchased, 1851.

62. 3. 19. 13. Skeleton. South Africa; collected by
Sir George Grey. Purchased (Zoological Society), 1862.

63. 7. 7. 15. Skull, with horns, immature. East Africa.

Presented ly Capt. J. H. Speke, 1863.
5. 5. 7. 112. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin
separate). Plettenberg Bay, Knysna district, Cape Colony ;
collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented ly C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1905.
5. 5. 7. 113. Skull and skin. Same locality and collector.

Same history.

III. Genus NEOTRAGUS.

Neotragus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 349, 1827,
as a subgenus ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii,
p. 59, 1895.

Tragulus, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 138, nee Pallas.

Minytragus, Gloger, Naturgeschichte, p. 154, 1841.

Spinigera, Lesson, Nouv. Tail. Regne Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842.

Nanotragus, Sundevall, K. SvensTta Vet.- Ale. Handl. 1844, p. 191,
1846.

Dwarf antelopes, with small spike-like horns in the
males directed backwards, or backwards and upwards, more
or less nearly in the plane of the forehead ; facial (and like-
wise inguinal) glands at least generally present,* and a
large lachrymal depression in skull; no bare ear-patch or
lateral hoofs ; tail medium ; foot-structure not definitely
known, f

The distributional area includes Western, Central, and
Eastern Africa.

These antelopes may be arranged in the following three

* See Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 882.
f Pocock, op. cit. p. 881.

NEOTKA<;IN.I: 159

groups, which have been regarded as of generic value, but
are here classed as subgenera : —

A. Skull with a premaxillo -maxillary vacuity; horns

relatively long, strongly ridged, with a distinctly

upward direction Nesotragus.

B. Premaxillo-maxillary vacuity present ; horns short,

stout, nearly smooth, except at base, inclining
backwards nearly in frontal plane Hylarnus.

c. No premaxillo -maxillary vacuity ; horns very small,

smooth, inclining backwards in frontal plane Neotragus.

1. SUBGENUS NESOTRAGUS.

Nesotragus, Von Diiben, Ofv. K. Vet.-Ak. Forhandl. vol. iii, p. 221,
1847 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 49, 1895.

A maxillo-premaxillary vacuity present in skull; front
border of orbit situated above first or second upper molar ;
hind border of palate opposite hind outer angle of third
upper molar ; nasals of medium width above ; horns relatively
long, strongly ridged, with a distinct upward inclination.

The distributional area is restricted to East Africa. 'The
two species are distinguishable as follows : —

A. Size smaller ; horns short and slender ; tail

like back above N. moschatus.

B. Size larger; horns longer and stouter; tail

blackish above N. living stonianns.

I. NEOTEAGUS (NESOTEAGUS) MOSCHATUS.

Nesotragus moschatus, Von Diiben, Ofv. K. Vet.-Ak. Forhandl.
vol. iii, p. 221, 1847; Sundevall, K. SvensTca Vet.-Ak. Handl.
1845, p. 327, 1847 ; Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 8, 1850, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 119, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii,
p. 137, 1851, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 75, 1852, Cat.
Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 30, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit.
Mus. p. 99, 1873 ; Temminch, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 192
and 209, 1853 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 101 ; Fitzinger,
Sitzber. &. Ak. Wiss. Wien, lix, pt. 1, p. 164, 1869; Huet, Bull.
Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 490, 1887; Ward, Records of Big
Game, p. 80, 1892; Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika,
p. 119, 1895 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii,
p. 51, pi. xxviii, 1895 ; Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 255, 1899 ; Lonnberg, Sjostedt's Kilimandjaro-Meru Exped.,
Mamm. p. 44, 1908, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii.
no. 5, p. 153, 1912.

160 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Antilope moschata, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugtliiere, Suppl. vol. v,

p. 415, 1855.
Nanotragus moschatus, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 642 ; Flower

and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; True, Proc.

U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xv, 1892; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs,

p. 217, 1893; Jackson, Big Game Shooting (Badminton Library),

vol. i, p. 285, 1894.
Cephalophorus zanzibaricus, Layard, Cat. Mamm. S. African Mus.

p. 71, 1861.
Nesotragus kirchenpaueri. Pagenstecher, Jahrb. Mus. Hamburg, vol. ii,

p. 36, 1885.
Neotragus moschatus, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 185,

1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 181, 1910.

SUNI.

Typical locality Zanzibar.

The type of Nesotragus.

Size small ; shoulder-height from 13 to 14 inches.
General colour typically dull, finely grizzled fawn-grey, with
a tinge of rufous, especially on face and sides of neck ; a
brown patch on tip of nose ; throat pale rufous ; chin, under-
parts, and inner sides of legs white ; legs below knees and
hocks rufous, with the exception of the pasterns, which are
brown ; tail coloured like back above, whitish below. Basal
length of skull 4 inches (101 mm.), maximum breadth 2J
(57 mm.), distance from orbit to muzzle 2^ inches (54 mm.).
Good horns measure from 2J to 3| inches in length, with a
basal girth of from 1£ to 1| inches.

The range includes small islands in the harbour of
Zanzibar and the mainland from British East Africa through
the Kilimanjaro district to Mozambique.

The species has been subdivided as follows : —

A. General colour darker — chestnut-brown N. in. akeleyi.

B. General colour medium — dull grizzled fawn N. m. moschatus.

c. General colour light — cinnamon rufous N. m. deserticola.

A.— Neotragus moschatus moschatus.

Characters as under head of species.

Typical locality Zanzibar.

64. 3. 20. 1. Skin, mounted. Zanzibar Island.

Presented ly Capt. J. H. Spekc, 1864.
64. 3. 20. 2. Skin and skull, female. Same locality.

Same history.

NEOTRAGIN^E 161

68. 9. 9. 2-3. Two skulls, with horns. Same locality.

Presented by Sir John Kirk, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1868.
74. 4. 20. 3. Skin and skull, female. Same locality.

Same donor, 1874.

74. 4. 28. 1-4. One adult and three immature skulls.

Same locality. Same history.

74. 4. 28. 4, a and b. Two female skulls, one immature,

with horns. Same locality. Same history.

97. 1. 5. 17. Skull, with horns, and skin. Zanzibar.

From the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart.

Presented by Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897.

97.11.20.2. Skin, mounted, and skull, female. Zanzibar.

Purchased (Zoological Society], 1897.

97. 11. 20. 2. Foetus, in spirit. Same history.

B. — Neotragus moschatus akeleyi.

Nesotragus moschatus akeleyi, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi,
no. 7, p. 1, 1913.

Typical locality Mt. Kenia, British East Africa.

Type in U. S. National Museum.

General colour darker than in typical race — chestnut-
brown on back ; white of throat divided for half its length
by median fulvous band ; legs darker, with the pasterns and
stripe on front surfaces black.

4. 2. 5. 8. Skull, with horns, and skin. Nyeri, Kenia
district, British East Africa.

Presented by S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1904.

4. 2. 5. 9. Skull and skin, female. Same locality.

Same history.

Of the follmuing specimens some may belong to this, and the
rest to the next race : —

0. 1. 3. 6. Skull and skin, female. Eogoro, British East
Africa. Presented by 0. S. Betton, Esq., 1900.

0. 1. 3. 7. Fawn, in spirit. Same locality. Same history.

10. 5. 3. 212. Skull, with horns. Aberdare Kange, British
East Africa; collected by Mr. K. Kemp. Purchased, 1910.

4. 12. 6. 14. Skull, with horns. Fort Hall, British East
Africa. Presented by S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1904.

II. M

162 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

10. 4. 20. 7. Skull, with horns. Takaungu, north of
Mombasa. Presented ty Gf. L. Muir, Esq., 1910.

0. 2. 1. 42. Skin. Main Hill, British East Africa ;
collected by A. J. Mackinder, Esq. Purchased, 1900.

0. 2. 1. 43. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin
separate). Same locality and collector. Same history.

3. 2. 16. 1. Skull and skiu, female. Koroma, Kikuyu
district, British East Africa.

Presented ~by R. Crawshay, Esq., 1903.

10. 1. 15. 5-6. Two skulls, with horns, and skins.
Mombasa, British East Africa.

Presented by 8. L. Hinde, Esq., 1910.

C.— Neotragus moschatus deserticola.

Nesotragus moschatus deserticola, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect.
vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 2, 1913.

Typical locality Maji-ya-chumvi, British East Africa.

Type in U. S. National Museum.

General colour considerably lighter than in typical race
— cinnamon-rufous, only a little darker on middle line of
back ; white of throat interrupted only by very narrow
fulvous band ; legs light fulvous, with dark fuscous pasterns ;
tail whitish, with middle dorsal line dusky brown.

Some of the specimens entered under heading of preceding
race may belong to this form.

II. NEOTKAGUS (NESOTKAGUS)
LIVINGSTONIANUS.

Nesotragus livingstonianus, Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 657 ; Gray,
Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 31, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants
Brit. Mus. p. 100, 1873; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes,
vol. ii, p. 55, 1895 ; Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. ii,
p. 317, 1898 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i,
p. 179, 1900 ; Ldnriberg, Arlciv Zool. vol. v, no. 10, p. 4, 1909.

Nanotragus livingstonianus, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 237.

Nesotragus livingstonei, Lydehher, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 255, 1899.

Neotragus livingstonianus, LydeTcher, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 186, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 182, 1910.

Typical locality Shupanga, Zambesia.

Size larger than in N. moschatus, the shoulder-height

NEOTRAGIN^E 163

measuring from 14 to 15 inches. General colour ranging
from rich rufous to grizzled fawn ; upper side of tail and
at least hind surface of pasterns blackish or black. Basal
length of skull 4| inches (111 mm.), maximum width 2J

FIG. 16. — LIVINGSTONE'S SUNI (Neotragus [Nesotragus] living stonianus).*
A, Male, changing coat, and female. B, Female.

(64 mm.), distance from orbit to muzzle 2f inches (60 mm.).
Good horns measure from 4J to 5 inches in length, with a
basal girth of from If to 2J inches.

The range extends from Mozambique to Zululand.

The two races are distinguished as follows : —

A. General colour deep rufous ; pasterns black

all round N.I. living stonianus.

B. General colour grizzled fawn; pasterns

blackish on hind surface only N.I. zuluensis.

A.— Neotragus livingrstonianus living-stonianus.

Nesotragus livingstonianus typicus, Kirby, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 256, 1899.

Typical locality Shupanga, Zambesia.
General colour rich rufous, verging on chestnut ; pasterns
deep black all round ; flanks and limbs more fawn-coloured

* The author has unfortunately mislaid the letter accompanying
these photographs, so that he is unable to give the name of the
correspondent by whom they were sent.

M 2

164 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

than in moschatus ; tail darker than back above, approaching
black, white below.

The range extends from Zambesia and Mozambique to
British Central Africa.

64. 12. 19. 5. Skull, imperfect, with horns, and head-
skin. Shupanga, Zambesia. Type.

Presented by Sir John Kirk, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1864.

98. 5. 22. 3. Skull and skin, female. Eewanza, South
Nyasaland.

Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1898.

5. 2. 2. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin. Deep Bay,
Nyasaland. Same donor, 1905.

5. 2. 2. 16. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history.
12.5.16.1. Skin. Near Blan tyre, British Central Africa.

Presented by Dr. A. H. Barclay, 1912.

B.— Neotragrus livingstonianus zuluensis.

Nesotragus livingstonianus zuluensis, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.

ser. 7, vol. ii, p. 317, 1898 ; Bryden, Great and Small Game of

Africa, p. 259, 1899.
Neotragus livingstonianus zuluensis, LydekJcer, Game Animals of

Africa, p. 186, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 182,

1910.
Nesotragus zuluensis, Thomas and Wroughton, Proc. Zool. Soc.

1907, p. 299.

Typical locality Umkuja (Umkozi) Valley, Zululand.
General colour grizzled fawn, pasterns indistinctly blackish
on their hind surfaces only ; horns of males somewhat stouter
than in typical race.

The range extends from Zululand to Tette, Zambesia.
93. 2. 1. 1, Skull, with horns, and skin. Umkuja
(Umkozi) Valley, Zululand. Type.

Presented by A. H. Neumann, Esq., 1893.
93. 2. 1. 2. Skull, with horns. Same locality.

Same history.
98. 7. 25. 1. Skull and skin, female. Zululand.

Same donor, 1898.

6. 11. 8. 145-146. Two skulls, with horns (fig. 17),
and skins, immature. Coguno, Inhambane; collected by
Mr. C. H. B. Grant. Presented by C. D. Eudd, Esq., 1906.

NEOTRAGIN^l

165

6. 11. 8. 147-149. Three skulls and skins, female, one
immature. Same locality and collector. Same history.

8. 4. 3. 92. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Tetta, Zarnbesia. Same collector. Same donor, 1908.

94. 5. 2. 1-2. Horns and imperfect skin. Gungunyana's
Country, Portuguese East Africa.

Presented ty H. T. G-lynn, Esq., 1894.

FIG. 17. — FRONT AND SIDE VIEWS OF SKULL AND HORNS OF ZULU

RACE OF LIVINGSTONE'S SUNI (Neotragus \Nesotragus]

livingstonianus zuluensis).

3. 1. 21. 1. Skull, with horns. Gazaland, Portuguese
East Africa. Presented by Capt. A. N. Campbell, 1903.

2. 2. 8. 3. Skin, mounted, and skull. Pongola Valley,
Zululand.

Presented fy Lieut-Col Sir David Bruce, K.C.B., 1902.
6. 12. 12. 4. Skin, mounted, and skull. Zululand.

Presented ~by Allan Cameron, Esq., 1906.

166 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

2. SUBGENUS HYLARNUS.

Hylarnus, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xviii, p. 149,
1906.

Premaxillo-maxillary vacuity present ; muzzle relatively
short, so that front border of orbit is situated above the last
upper premolar ; hind border of palate about on line of hind
outer angle of third upper molar ; nasals broad above ; horns
short, stout, smooth, except at the base, inclining backwards
nearly in the frontal plane.

The distribution is restricted to the equatorial forest
region.

In describing the type species (as Neotragus) de Winton
remarked that it "somewhat bridges over the differences
between this genus and the East African Nesotragus, and
practically reduces the distinguishing characters to those of
the horns alone." Thomas, again, in describing the second
species and establishing the genus Hylarnus, also remarks that
these antelopes are in many respects intermediate between
sunis and the royal antelope. In the opinion of the present
writer, this affords reason for including the whole group in a
single genus.

The two species of the present group may be distinguished
as follows :—

A. Dark and light areas moderately distinct N. batesi.

B. Dark and light areas more sharply denned ; the former

deeper and the latter brighter N. harrisoni.

III. NEOTKAGUS (HYLAKNUS) BATESI.

Neotragus batesi, de Winton, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1903, vol. i, p. 192,
pi. xix ; Lydeltker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 184, 1908.

Hylarnus batesi, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xviii,
p. 149, 1906 ; Bates, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1905, vol. i, p. 77.

Typical locality Cameruns. Type of Hylarnus.

Size nearly half as large again as in the royal antelope
(infra, p. 169). General colour a deeper rufous, with a
tendency to dusky, the feet less rufous, and the white of the
under-parts less pure ; front of face, crown of head, and neck
dark smoky brown ; back and upper side of tail more rufous

NEOTRAGIN.E

167

or bay; all the hairs of the dark areas ringed with dark
brown and bright bay. Basal length of skull 3| inches
(95 mm.), maximum width 2 inches (51 mm.), distance from
orbit to muzzle If (34*5 ram.), length of upper row of cheek-

FIG. 18. — FRONT AND SIDE VIEWS OP SKULL AND HORNS OF BATES'
DWARF ANTELOPE (Neotragus [Hylarnus] batesi).

teeth 1J inches (32 mm.). Length of tail 2 j inches (65 mm.),
of hind-foot, without hoof, 6| (160 mm.), of ear 2 inches
(50 mm.).

3. 7. 16. 1. Skull, with horns (fig. 18), and skin.
Efulen, Cameruns ; collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Type.

Purchased, 1903.

3. 7. 16. 2. Skull, female. Same locality and collector.

Same history.
8. 6. 23. 14. Skin, mounted. Cameruns.

Purchased, 1908.

IV. NEOTRAGUS (HYLARNUS) HARRISONI.

Hylarnus harrisoni, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. xviii,
p. 149, 1906.

Neotragus harrisoni, Lydekker, Field, vol. cviii, p. 510, 1906, Game
Animals of Africa, p. 181, 1908.

168 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Typical locality Semliki Forest.

Contrast of colour more distinct than in batesi (of which
this form may be merely a local race) ; the dark tints being
deeper and the light shades brighter. General colour
approximately cinnamon; median dorsal area dusky, owing
to black tips of hairs ; forehead and crown dark brown, with
a narrow lighter line above each eye ; hair of ears black on
outer, white on inner surface ; chin, lower side of jaw, and
under-parts white; throat-band brownish cinnamon; front
of legs dark brown, with a whitish patch on shanks and
basal phalanges, followed by brown on the second phalanges ;
tail, so far as known, coloured like body. Nasals broader
above than in "batesi, expanding into a well-marked angle on
each side ; premaxillo-maxillary vacuity (in the type skull)
larger; and horns inclined upwards at a slightly greater
angle. Basal length of skull 3|- inches (96 • 5 mm.) ; maxi-
mum width 2j^ (52 mm.) ; distance from orbit to muzzle 2
(51 mm.) ; length of upper series of cheek-teeth 1^(32 mm.) ;
nasals 1J X ^f inches (37 X 23 mm.).

5. 10. 21. 3. Skull, with horns. Semliki Forest,
eastern Congo. Type. Mounted skin of same individual in
possession of donor.

Presented ~by Lieut. -Col. J. J. Harrison, 1905.

7. 4. 23. 3. Immature skull, with horns, and skin.
Gumbali, Bomakandi Valley, Upper Welle.

Presented ty B. L. Reid, Esq., 1907.

3. SUBGENUS NEOTRAGUS.
For synonymy, see above, p. 158.

No premaxillo-maxillary vacuity in skull ; orbital margin
as in Hylarnus ; hind border of palate opposite front edge
of third upper molar ; horns very short, smooth, and inclining
backwards in the plane of the forehead.

The distributional area is restricted to the hinterland of
the West Coast, from Liberia to Lagos.

NEOTRAGIN.E 169

V. NEOTRAGUS PYGM^US.

Cervus pusillus guineensis, Seba, Thesaurus, vol. i, p. 10, pi. xliii,
fig. 3, 1734.

Capra pygmaea, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, vol. i, p. 69, 1758.

Moschus pygmaeus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, vol. i, p. 92, 1766.

Antilope pygmsea, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. fasc. xii, p. 18, 1777 ; Zimmer-
mann, Spec. Zool. Geogr. p. 540, 1777, Geogr. Geschichte, vol. ii,
p. 112, 1780 ; Hermann, Tabl. Affin. Anim. p. 107, 1783 ; Gmelin,
Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 191, 1788; Kerr, Linn.'s Anim.
Kingdom, p. 318, 1792 ; Donndorff, Zool. Beytrdge, vol. i, p. 642,
1800 ; Link, Beytrdge Naturgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1795 ; Bechstein,
Uebersichtvierfiiss. Thiere,vol.ii, p. 642, 1800; Shaw, Gen. Zool.
vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 326, 1801 ; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat.
vol. x, p. 251, 1803, vol. xxiv, tabl. p. 32, 1804, Mammalogie,
vol. ii, p. 465, 1822 ; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 241, 1804 ;
G. Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 414, 1814 ; Afzelius, Nova Acta
Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere,
vol. v, p. 1237, 1818 ; Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i,
p. 445, 1822; Lesson, Mon. Mamm. p. 379, 1827; H. Smith,
Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 270, 1827 ; J. B. Fischer,
Synop. Mamm. p. 469, 1828 ; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte,
vol. vii, p. 1360,~1838.

Antilope regia, Erxleben, Syst. Eegne Anim. p. 278, 1777 ; Gatterer,
Brev. Zool. vol. i, p. 80, 1780; Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 140,
1785.

Tragulus pygmaeus, Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 131, 1785.

Antilope (Gazella) pygmaea, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi,
p. 178, 1814.

Cerophorus (Cervicapra) pygmaea, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816,
p. 75.

Cemus pygmasa, Oken, Lehrbuch Naturgeschichte, Zool. vol. ii, p. 744,
1816.

Antilope (Neotragus) pygmaea, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom,
vol. v, p. 349, 1827.

Antilope spinigera, Temminck, Mon. Mamm. vol. i, p. xxx, 1827 (no
description) ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 379, 1827 ; J. B. Fischer,
Synop. Mamm. p. 469, 1829; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat., Suppl.
vol. i, p. 263, 1840 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv,
p. 457, 1844, vol. v, p. 416, 1855 ; Schinz, Spnop. Mamm. vol. ii,
p. 421, 1845 ; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 320, 1855.

Neotragus pygmaea, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 218,
1834.

Antilope (Spinigera) spiniger, Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Eegne Anim.,
Mamm. p. 178, 1842.

Cephalophorus (?) pygmaeus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 163,
1843.

Nanotragus spiniger, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 191, 1846; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,
pt. 1, p. 164, 1869; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus.
Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 137, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op.
cit. vol. xi) p. 164, 1892.

170 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Neotragus pygmaeus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 231, 1846; Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 640, pi. liii;
Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; LydehTcer,
Horns and Hoofs, p. 216, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 260, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 183, 1908 ; Sclater and
Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 61, pi. xxix, 1895 ; PococTc,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 867.

Nanotragus regius, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 12, 1850.

Nanotragus perpusillus, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 126, Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 143, 1851, Cat. Ruminants
Brit. Mus. p. 30, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 98,
1873.

Calotragus spiniger, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 192 and 201,
1853.

Antilope perpusilla, Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 67,
1887.

Cephalophus spiniger, BiittiJcofer, Reisebilder Liberia, vol. ii, p. 379,
1890.

EOYAL ANTELOPE.

Typical locality Guinea.

Type of genus and subgenus.

Size very small ; shoulder-height about 10 inches.
General colour bright rufous fawn, or bay, browner on head
and fore part of back, deeper on hind-quarters, flanks, and
sides of neck ; the rufous forming a narrow band on lower
part of throat which divides the white of the chin and lower
surface of jaw and throat from that of the remainder of the
under-parts; legs rufous, with the exception of a narrow
white line down hind surface of front pair and front surface
of hind pair ; tail, which measures 2£ inches (60 mm.) in
length, exclusive of the terminal tuft, bright rufous above,
except at the tip, where, as on the under side, it is white.

Basal length of skull 3J inches (89 mm.), maximum
width 1| (47 mm.), distance from orbit to muzzle 1 j inches
(44 mm.). Horns very small, less than one inch in length,
sharply pointed, and quite devoid of rings.

67. 4. 12. 432. Immature specimen in spirit. Guinea.
Original of Seba's Cervus pusillus guineensis.

Lidth de Jeude Collection, purchased, 1867.

73. 6. 22. 11. Skin, immature, mounted, and skull.
Fanti. Presented ty H. F. Blissett, Esq., 1873.

78. 7. 16. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Fanti.

Purchased, 1878.

NEOTRAGIN^l

97. 1. 5. 18. Skin. Fanti. From the collection of Sir
Victor Brooke, Bart.

Presented by Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897.
88. 5. 17. 4. Immature female, in spirit. Lagos.

Presented ly 0. E. Dobson, Esq., 1888.

5. 3. 23. 2. Immature skin, female. Owerri, Southern

Nigeria. Presented ty E. Dayrell, Esq., 1905.

8. 6. 26. 9. Skull, with one horn (fig. 19). Sierra Leone.

Presented "by Capt. L. Murray, 1908.

FIG. 19. — FRONT AND SIDE VIEWS OF SKULL WITH ONE HOKN, AND
WITHOUT LOWER JAW, OF THE ROYAL ANTELOPE (Neotragus pygmseus) .

8. 8. 6. 11.
Coast.

10. 12. 23. 4.
Same locality.

12. 2. 27. 10.
Same locality.

12. 2. 27. 11-
young females.

Immature skin, female. Bibianaha, Gold
Presented ty A. M. Mackilligan, Esq., 1908.

Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.

Presented ty Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell, 1910.

Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Same donor, 1912.

-12. Two skulls, and skins, immature and
Same locality. Same history.

172 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

SUBFAMILY ix.— MADOQUIN^E.

Very small antelopes, with short, spike-like horns in the
males, distinguished from the Neotragince by the small size
of the muffle, the muzzle being hairy above, almost or quite
to the front angles of the nostrils. Face-glands present or
absent ; foot-glands apparently always present, but inguinal
glands wanting ; foot-glands more or less tubular, with the
skin of the back of the pasterns closely folded at the heels ; *
apparently one pair of teats, in female; tail short, nasals
more or less shortened, and premaxillse elongated.

The distributional area comprises Ethiopian Africa,
exclusive of the south-eastern and southern districts.

The two genera of the subfamily are distinguished as
follows : —

A. Hoofs more or less elongated, with the lower surface

normal, and the heel-tie f formed by a simple fold

of skin; face-glands present Madoqua.

B. Hoofs short, with pad-like lower surface; heel-tie

forming a double fold, of which the front one
projects as a kind of ridge, so as to make a kind
of lip to the orifice of the foot-gland ; face-glands
wanting Dorcotragus.

I. Genus MADOQUA.

Madoqua, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 137 ; Sclater and Thomas,
Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 67, 1895 ; PococJc, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1910, p. 876.

Neotragus, Sundevall, K. SvensJca Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 191,
1846, nee H. Smith.

Size very small, females distinctly larger than males ;
muzzle more or less elongated, so as to form a kind of
flexible proboscis, of which the 'tip is hairy, with the
exception of the lower part of the nasal septum ; crown of
head tufted ; ears moderate ; small face-glands, of which the
small orifice (at least in M. phillipsi) forms a vertical
crescentic slit, with its concavity looking backwards, situated
in the centre of an oval patch of bare skin just in front of

* This term, here and elsewhere, is employed in the sense assigned
to it by Pocock (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 844), namely, the hind part
of the supporting area of the hoofs.

f The integument connecting the heels.

MADOQUIN.E 173

the eye ; tail short, almost rudimentary ; hoofs more or less
elongated, with the supporting under surface normal ; minute
lateral hoofs present ; heel-tie in the form of a simple fold
of skin ; horns of males from half to three-quarters the
length of the skull, straight or slightly sinuous, with strong
ribs at base. Skull with very long premaxillse, very short
nasals, large nasal aperture, considerable preorbital vacuities,
and large, shallow lachrymal pits.

Distribution the same as that of the subfamily.

The genus may be divided into the two following sub-
genera (frequently regarded as genera), viz. : —

A. Last lower molar without hind lobe ; .upper line

of premaxillse slanting, scarcely curved ; pro-
boscis moderately developed Madoqua.

B. Last lower molar with a hind (third) lobe ; upper

line of premaxillae S-shaped ; proboscis more

strongly developed Rhynchotragus.

1. SUBGENUS MADOQUA.

Synonymy as above.

Hind (third) lobe of last lower premolar wanting ; upper
line of premaxillse slanting, scarcely curved ; proboscis
moderately developed. Frequently the grey colouring of the
upper part of the neck dividing the colour of the back from
that of the head.

The distributional area is restricted to Somaliland and
Abyssinia.

The species may be briefly distinguished as follows : —

A. Back and neck yellowish (fulvous) or rufous

fawn ; flanks scarcely more rufous.

a. Size larger M. saltiana.

b. Size smaller.

a'. Grizzling indistinct M. sioaynei.

b' . Grizzling distinct and finer M. piacentinii.

B. Back and neck, or at least neck, grizzled grey ;

flanks rufous, to a greater or less extent.
Size intermediate between saltiana and
swaynei.

a. Flanks rufous M . phillipsi.

b. Flanks rufous grey M. erlangeri.

c. Dark grey grizzling extending on to shoulders,

flanks, and hind-quarters.

Size a little less than in saltiana M. cordeauxi.

174 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

I. MADOQUA SALTIANA.

Cerophorus (Cervicapra) saltiana, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816,
pp. 75 and 79, Oken's Isis, 1819, p. 1096.

Antilope saltiana, Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 192,
1816, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 465, 1822 ; Selling, Cuvier's Thier-
reich, vol. i, p. 395, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 418, 1845 ;
Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446, 1822 ; Goldfuss,
Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1244, 1824 ; Cretzschmar, Atlas
RuppelVs Reise, pi. xxi, 1826; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 380,
1827 ; Lichtenstein, Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. xxi, 1828 ; Hemp-
rich and Ehrenberg, Symbol. Phys. pi. vii, 1828 ; Fischer, Synop.
Mamm. p. 470, 1829 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 37, Anat.
Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 633, 1868; Oken, Allgemeine Natur-
geschichte, vol. vii, p. 1361, 1838 ; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist.
Nat. vol. i, p. 622, 1841 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat. Suppl. vol. i,
p. 268, 1840 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 68, 1887.

Antilope madoka, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv,
p. 271, 1827.

Antilope (Neotragus) madoka, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom,
vol. v, p. 350, 1827 ; A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 218, 1834 ; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 295, 1836.

Antilope hemprichiana, Ehrenberg, Hemprich and Ehrenberg,
Symbol. Phys. text to pi. vii, 1833; Oken, Allgemeine Natur-
geschichte, vol. vii, p. 1362, 1836; Wagner, Schreber's Sdug-
thiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 455, 1844, vol. v, p. 415, 1855 ; Giebel,
Sdugethiere, p. 319, 1853-55.

Antilope hemprichii, Riippell, Neue fVirbelth, Abyssin., Mamm. p. 25,
1835.

Neotragus saltianus, Jar dine, Naturalists' Libr., Mamm. vol. iii, pt. 1,
p. 229, pi. xxxiii, 1835 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 231, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 138, 1851, Cat. Osteol. Brit. Mus.
p. 56, 1847, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 8, 1850. Proc. Zool. Soc.
1850, p. 120, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 76, 1852, Cat. Rumi-
nants Brit. Mus. p. 40, 1872, Hand-List Euminants Brit. Mus.
p. 110, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 236,
1862; Blanford, Zool. Abyssinia, p. 268, 1870; Flower and
Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. R. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 268, 1884;
Giglioli, Ann. Mus. Genoa, ser. 2, vol. vi, p. 19, 1888; Flower
and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 238, 1891 ; Lydekker, Horns
and Hoofs, p. 214, 1893.

Antilope (Neotragus) saltiana, Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 295,
1836, Nouv. Tall. Regne Anim., Mamm. p. 178, 1842.

Madoqua hemprichii, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 137.

Madoqua saltiana, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 137 ; Gray, List
Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 164, 1843 ; Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894,
p. 328 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 69,
pi. xxx, 1895 ; Lydekher, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 265, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 188, 1908 ; Rothschild,
Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 464, 1902;
Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 171, 1910; Pocock, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 876.

Neotragus hemprichianus, Sundevall, K. SvensJca Vet.-Ak. Handl.
1844, p. 191, 1846; Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Gees. Leop.-Car.

MADOQUIN^E 175

vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 9, 1863, Reise Nord-Ostafrika, vol. ii, p. 107, 1877 ;

Fitzinger, Sitssber. k. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 168, 1869.
Antilope madoqua, Watcrhouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 40,

1838.
Tragelaphus heinprichii, Riippell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senclcenberg,

pt. 1, p. 37, 1842.

Calotragus saltianus, Temminclc, Esquiss. Zool. Givine, p. 192, 1853.
Cephalophus (Ourebia) saltiana, Gcrvais, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. ii,

p. 209, 1855.
Nesotragus saltianus, Rutimeyer, AWi. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv,

p. 53, 1877.
Neotragus hemprichii, Brehm, Thierleben, Saugethiere, vol. iii, p. 255,

1880.

DIK-DIK, or BENI ISRAEL.

Typical locality Coast Eange of eastern Abyssinia.

The type species.

Size relatively large ; shoulder-height 14 or 15 inches.
Face rich rufous, and crest very similarly coloured ; neck
coarsely lined ashy grey, back fulvous or rufous fawn, which
becomes but slightly more rufous on flanks ; chin and under-
parts (exclusive of chest) whitish, more or less tinged with
fawn ; legs pale rufous ; tail (as usual) coloured like back.
Nasals moderately short ; preorbital vacuities large ; pre-
maxillse of moderate length, with the upper profile only
slightly curved. Basal length of skull 3| inches (95 mm.),
maximum width 2| (57 mm.), length from muzzle to orbit
2£ (54 mm.), do. from tip of nasals to tip of premaxillse
1J inches (32 mm.).

55. 12. 24. 285. Skull, with horns, and skin. Abyssinia ;
collected by Dr. Eiippell.

Presented by the Zoological Society, 1855.

69. 10. 24. 3-4. Two skins, male and female. Anseba
Valley, Abyssinia ; collected by Dr. W. T. Blanford during
the Abyssinian Expedition of 1868.

Presented by the Viceroy and Council of India, 1869.

97. 1. 5. 19. Skin, female. Bogosland, Abyssinia. From
the collection of Sir Victor Brooke, Bart.

Presented by Sir Douglas Brooke, Bart., 1897.

621, e. Skull, female. Abyssinia (?). Purchased.

69. 2. 2. 10. Skeleton, female. Abyssinia; collected by
W. Jesse, Esq., during the Abyssinian Expedition.

Presented by the Viceroy and Council of India, 1869.

176 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

11. 8. 2. 59. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kassala,
Sudan. Presented by Dr. R. E. Drake- Brockman, 1911.

11. 8. 2. 60. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history.
3. 2. 18. 1. Skull, with horns. Gash Valley, Kassala.

Presented by Copt. J. H. Rivers, 1903.

NOTE. — It is possible that Antilope hemprichiana, Ehrenberg,
from the Gedam Mountains, Abyssinia, may indicate a distinct race
of this species — M. saltiana hemprichiana; but no light on this
matter is thrown by the specimens in the collection.

II. MADOQUA SWAYNEI.

Madoqua swaynei, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 328 ; Hoyos,
Zu den Aulikan, p. 185, 1895 ; Swayne, Seventeen Trips through
Somaliland, p. 318, 1895 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Ante-
lopes, vol. ii, p. 73, 1895 ; Elliot, Field Mus. Zool. Pub. vol. i.
p. 113, 1899 ; LydeJcker, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 262, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 190, 1908; Ward,
Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 172, 1910 ; Drahe-Brockman,
Mamm. of Somali, p. 70, 1910, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 980,
pi. Ivi, fig. 2.

Typical locality Berbera, northern Somaliland.

Closely allied to M. saltiana, but smaller ; shoulder-height
probably about 13 inches. General colour of back indistinctly
grizzled grey, with a suffusion of dull buff or clay-colour;
sides little, if at all, more rufous than back ; legs pale rufous.
Basal length of skull 3 inches (76 mm.) ; maximum width
1-^-f (46 mm.) ; length from muzzle to orbit 1^6- (40 mm.) ;
do. from tip of nasals to tip of premaxillse I^Q inches (26 mm.).

The range of this species according to Drake-Brockman
is probably limited to the area between latitudes 5° and 8°
or 9° N., in parts of which it is found in association with
M. phillipsi.

94. 2. 21. 15. Skin. Berbera; collected by Lieut.-Col.
H. G. C. Swayne. Type.

Presented by Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1894.

94. 2. 21. 14. Skin. Same locality and collector.

Same history.

94. 2. 21. 20. Skull, with horns. Same locality and
collector. Same history.

94. 4. 9. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Milmil,
Somaliland. Presented by Dr. Donaldson Smith, 1894.

MADOQUIN i: 177

94. 4. 9. 4. Skin. Forty miles south of Berbera.

Same history.
9. 6. 1. 43-46. Four skins. Webi Valley, Sonialiland.

Presented ly Dr. E. E. Drake-Brockman, 1909.
9. 6. 1. 47. Skin. Hara Oda, Somaliland. Same history.

III. MADOQUA PIACENTINII.

Madoqua piacentinii, Drake-Brockman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911,
p. 981, pi. Ivi, fig. 1.

Typical locality Ghagaburis, near Obbia, Italian Somali-
land.

Similar in size to M. swaynei, but with the grey grizzling
of the back line and distinct, without a buff suffusion. " The
neck is fairly grizzled all round, the pale throat and buff
chin-patches being completely cut off from the pinkish buff
of the chest. Apart from the fine grey grizzling, the most
distinctive patches are about the head. There is a bright
rufous diamond-shaped nose-patch, which stands out con-
spicuously on the grizzled head, while the terminal part of
the long hairs of the crest is of dull creamy buff. The hairs
of the crest, however, vary so much [in colour] in dik-diks,
that little importance can be attached to this feature "
(Drake-Brockman).

11. 8. 2. 51. Skull, with horns, and skin. Ghagaburis,
Italian Somaliland. Type.

Presented ~by Dr. E. E. Drake-Brockman, 1911.

11. 8. 2. 55. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality.

Same history.

IV. MADOQUA PHILLIPS!.

Madoqua phillipsi, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 327 ; Hoyos,
Zu den Aulihan, p. 185, 1895 ; Swayne, Seventeen Trips through
Somaliland, p. 318, 1895 ; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Ante-
lopes, vol. ii, p. 175, pi. xxxi, fig. 2, 1895 ; Elliot, Field Mus. Zool.
Pub. vol. i, p. 115, 1897 ; LydeJcker, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 262, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 189 ; Beddard,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1909, p. 188; Ward, Records of Big Game,
ed. 6, p. 172, 1910 ; PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 876 ;
Drake-Brockman, Mamm. of Somali, p. 68, 1910, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1911, p. 978, pi. Iv, fig. 3.

Typical locality Dobwein, northern Somaliland.

A variable species, somewhat larger in size than average

n. N

178 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

examples of M. swaynei. Typically head, neck, and back
grizzled grey (the neck being always of this colour) ; rufous
of crown and back of ears deeper and richer than in M.
saltiana ; shoulders and flanks (or at least a band on the
flanks) rich bright rufous, markedly different from the faint
rufous of those of saltiana ; rufous encroaching considerably
on chest, but chin and rest of under-parts whitish (as usual) ;
legs rich rufous. Basal length of skull 3J inches (82 mm.) ;
maximum width 2^ (52 mm.) ; length from muzzle to orbit
1}| (46 mm.); do. from tip of nasals to tip of premaxillre
1 j3g inches (29 mm.).

The following three races of this species are recognised,,
viz. : —

A. Hair of medium length; flanks bright rufous

or cinnamon; back grizzled grey M. p. phillipsi.

B. Hair longer, and coat rougher; back darker,

looking dark reddish brown ; and neck alone

grizzled grey M. p. harrarensis*

c. Hair shorter and scantier, and coat sleeker ;
general colour grizzled grey, with only a
narrow rufous flank-band M. p. gubanensis*

A. — Madoqua phillipsi phillipsi.

Madoqua phillipsi, Drake- BrocJcman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 978 „
pi. Iv, fig. 3.

Typical locality Dobwein, northern Somaliland.

Hair of medium length; flanks bright rufous or cinnamon;
back grizzled grey. Drake-Brockman writes that in the
western part of the Haud the flanks in this dik-dik " are sa
red that at a short distance it looks rufous all over ; this is,
in marked contrast to the coast variety [M. p. gubanensis],.
which looks quite grey." »

88. 6. 20. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin, in spirit.
Dobwein, forty miles southward of Berbera, Somaliland.
Type. Presented ly E. Lort Phillips, Esq., 1888.

88. 6. 20. 8. Skin, in spirit. Same locality. Same history.

93. 12. 1. 8-9. Two skulls, with horns. Same locality ;,
collected by Lieut.-Col. H. G. C. Swayne.

Presented ly Dr. P. L. Sdater, 1893.

94. 2. 21. 19. Skull, with horns. Same locality and
collector. Same history..

MADOQUIN^E 179

98. 6. 9. 17. Skull and skin, female. Somaliland.

Presented by E. McD. Hawker, Esq., 1898.

11. 8. 2. 58. Skull, with horns, and skin. Ogo, Somali-
land. Presented by Dr. E. E. Drake- Brockman, 1911.

86. 11. 19. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Snmaliland. Presented ~by E. Lort Phillips, Esq., 1886.

99. 12. 28. 3-4. Two female skulls and skins, one
immature. Somaliland. Presented ~by C. V. A. Peel, Esq., 1899.

0. 3. 27. 24-25. Skull, with horns, and two skins.
Sayer Valley, near Gessima, Somaliland.

Presented by the Lord Delamerc, 1900.

94. 2. 21. 12-13. Two skins. Berbera.

Presented by Lieut.-Col. H. G. C. Swayne, 1894.

95. 10. 17. 1. Skeleton, with horns, mounted, and head-
skin. Berbera. Presented by Capt. T. .Cox, 1895.

95. 10. 17. 2-3. Two skeletons, with horns, and head-
skins. Same locality. Same history.
5. 11. 5. 8-9. Two skulls, with horns, and skins.
Khansa Jungle, Somaliland.

Presented by Dr. R. E. Drake- Brockman, 1905
10. 10. 3. 35-36. Two skulls, with horns, and skins.
Golis Foot-hills, Somaliland. Purchased, 1910.

10. 10. 3. 37. Skull and skin, female. Same locality.

Same history.

85. 11. 16. 3. Skull, with horns, and (?) skin. Gerbatir,
northern Somaliland ; collected by Herr J. Menges.

Purchased, 1885.

B.— Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis.

Madoqua harrarensis, O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905,
p. 87 ; LydeJcher, Game Animals of Africa, p. 190, 1908.

Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis, Drake- Brockman, Proc. ZooL Soc.
1911, p. 979, pi. Iv, fig. 2.

Typical locality Harrar, Abyssinia.

Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann.

Hair longer and coat rougher than in typical race ; back
darker, so as to appear deep reddish brown in life, the neck
alone being grizzled grey. In the original description this
race (species) is stated to resemble M. p. phillipsi in the
uniformly rufous flanks, but to differ by the absence of the

N 2

180 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

ashy grey and dark brown grizzling of the hairs of the back,
the tips of which are alone ringed with isabelline rufous and
dark brown, so that the whole tone of the back is rufous
fawn. Drake-Brockman, in comparing this race with the
typical phillipsi, observes that it is darker, " and in its wild
state looks of a dark red-brown colour."

4. 5. 9. 31. Skull and skin, female. Harrar.

Presented ~by Major H. N. Dunn, 1904.

FIG. 20. — FBONT AND SIDE VIEWS OF SKULL AND HORNS OF HARRAR
RACE OF PHILLIPS' DiK-DiK (Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis),

4. 5. 9. 32. Skin. Thirty-five miles east of Harrar.

Same history.

6. 11. 1. 69. Skull, with horns, and skin. Harrar;
collected by Mr. P. Japhira.

Presented by W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906.
11. 8. 2. 48. Skin, imperfect. Between Harrar and
Jig-jigga. Presented by Dr. E. E. Dralte-Brockman, 1911.
11. 8. 2. 52. Skin, imperfect. Daggar, near Jig-jigga.

Same history.
0. 3. 3. 25. Skull, female. Abyssinia.

Presented by the Lord Lovat, 1900.

MADOQUIN.E 181

96. 10. 8. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns, and skins. South
of the Hand, Somaliland.

Presented by Capt. G. L. F. Lcathes, 1896.

96. 10. 8. 3. Skull and skin, immature female. Same

locality. Same history.

94. 4. 9. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns (fig. 20), and

skins. Mil mil, Somaliland.

Presented by Dr. Donaldson Smith, 1904.

C.— Madoqua phillipsi gubanensis,

Madoqua phillipsi gubanensis, Drake-Brockman, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist. ser. 8, vol. iv, p. 49, 1909, Mamm. Somali, p. 68, 1910,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 479, pi. Iv, fig. 1.

Typical locality Hul Gabobai, Golis Foothills, thirty-five
miles south of Berbera, Somaliland.

Hair shorter and scantier, and coat sleeker than in
typical race; general colour grizzled grey, with only a
narrow rufous flank-band.

9. 6. 1. 52. Skin. Hul Gabobai. Type.

Presented by Dr. E. E. Drake- Brockman, 1909.
94. 2. 21. 31. Skin. Berbera.

Presented by Lieut.-Col. H. G. C. Sivayne, 1894.

98. 6. 9. 16. Skull, with horns, and skin. Aractais,

Somaliland. Presented by E. McD. Hawker, Esq., 1898.

10. 10. 3. 38-40. Three skulls, with horns, and skins,
two immature. Somaliland.

Presented by Dr. E. E. Drake-Brockman, 1910.

10. 10. 3. 41-43. Three skulls and skins, female, one
immature. Somaliland. Same history.

11. 8. 2. 49. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bulhar,
Somaliland. Same donor, 1911.

11. 8. 2. 50. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eil Gori,
twenty miles north of Zeila, Somaliland. Same history.

The following specimens may indicate another race of the
present species: —

11. 8. 9. 21-30. Ten skulls, with horns, and skins. Ed
Hur, near Obbia, Italian Somaliland.

Presented by Dr. E. E. Drake- Brockman, 1911.

182 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

11. 8. 9. 31-32. Two skulls, with horns, and skins,

immature. Same locality. Same history.

11. 8. 9. 33-41. Eight skulls and skins, female, some

immature. Same locality. Same history.

V. MADOQUA ERLANGEKI.

Madoqua erlangeri, O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905,
p. 88 ; Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, No. 3, p. 2, 1907 ; Lydekker,
Game Animals of Africa, p. 190, 1908.

Ehynchotragus erlangeri, Drake- Brockman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911,
p. 983, errorim.

Typical locality Ennia Gallaland, at Sheik Hussein, on
the left bank of the Webi Paver.

Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann.

A small form, apparently inferior in size to M. swaynei,
described as similar in dorsal colouring to M. pliillipsi
harrarensis, but with the flanks rufous grey in place of
rufous, owing to the hairs being red only at the tips or
ringed with bright rufous and dark ; colour of back passing
gradually into that of flanks ; legs dark rufous ; head rufous,
without grizzling. In general appearance this dik-dik is
compared to a highly rufous M. swaynei.

No specimen in collection.

VI. MADOQUA COKDEAUXI.

Madoqua cordeauxi, Drake-Brockman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8,

vol. iv, p. 49, 1909.
Ehynchotragus cordeauxi, Drake-Brockman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911,

p. 983, errorim.

Typical locality near Dirri Dawa, in the Dinikil district
of Abyssinia.

Somewhat smaller than M. saltiana, but larger than the
other Somali members of typical subgenus ; shoulder-height
about 13 inches. Darkish grey grizzling extending on to
shoulders, flanks, and hind-quarters; back suffused with
reddish fawn ; chest somewhat reddish buff, this colour
extending but little on throat, in this respect differing
markedly from M. pliillipsi; legs similar to those of that

MADOQUIN^l 183

species, but darker towards shoulders and haunches; crest
dull rufous, grizzled with yellow, rufous, and black in front.
Basal length of skull 3T9g inches (90 mm.), maximum width
2J inches (53 mm.).

9. 6. 1. 50. Skull, with horns, and skin. Dirri Dawa,
Abyssinia. Type.

Presented by Dr. R. E. Drake- Brockman, 1909.
9. 6. 1. 49. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality.

Same history.

9, 6. 1. 51. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality.

Same history.

2. SUBGENUS RHYNCHOTRAGUS.

Rhynchotragus, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 88.

Last lower molar with a hind (third) lobe, which may,
however, be very small ; upper line of premaxillae S-shaped ;
nasals shorter than in typical subgenus ; proboscis strongly
developed. Typically the colouring of the back not separated
from that of the head by a third colour. The distributional
area is co-extensive with that of the subfamily.

The following is a tentative key to the species of the
group :—

A. Nasals medium, their tips on a level with front

edge of anterior premolars, and distant
about 1T^ inches from tips of premaxillae.

a. Size large.

a'. Nasals moderately broad M. damarensis.

b'. Nasals broader M. cavendishi.

b. Size smaller.

a'. Back yellowish grey or bright grizzled

fulvous M. Jcirki.

b'. Back bright rufous tawny M. thomasi.

B. Nasals shorter, their tips about on level with

hind border of penultimate premolar, and
distant about If inches from tips of pre-
maxillse (in guentheri).

a. Face uniformly coloured ; nasals moderately

short M. gucntlieri.

b. Lower part of face profusely spotted with

white; nasals very short M. nasoguttata.

184 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

VII. MADOQIIA (BHYNCHOTKAGUS) DAMABENSIS.

Neotragus damarensis, Gilnther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1880, p. 20 ; Flower
and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 338, 1891 ; Lydekker, Horns
and Hoofs, p. 215, 1893.

Cephalophus hemprichianus, Jentirik, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. ix,
p. 172, 1887.

Nanotragus damarensis, Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S.
Africa, p. 56, 1902.

Madoqua damarensis, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 329 ; Sclater
and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 79, 1895 ; Lydekker,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 262, 1899 ; W. L. Sclater,
Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 182, 1900; Lonnberg, Arkiv
Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907 ; Ward, Records of Big Game,
ed. 6, p. 175, 1910.

Bhynchotragus damarensis, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde*
1905, p. 8.

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) damarensis, Lydekker, Game Animals of
Africa, p. 191, 1908.

Typical locality Damaraland.

Imperfectly known. Size relatively large. General
colour greyish on crown and middle line of back, pale rufous,
or bufnsh cinnamon, on backs of ears, flanks, and legs ; crest
mixed with black ; skull apparently very similar to that of
M. kirki, but perhaps larger.! Maximum width of skull
(female) . 2T3g inches (55 mm.) ; length from front of orbit to
tip of muzzle 2J (57 mm.) ; do. from back of orbit to
same 3-j^- inches (87 mm.).

The range includes southern Angola.

The two races are distinguished as follows : —

A. Colour duller ; under-parts white M. d. damarensis.

B. Colour brighter ; under-parts huffish cinnamon M. d. variant

A.— Madoqua damarensis damarensis.

Typical locality Damaraland.
General colour- tone dull ; under-parts white.
79. 12. 25. 1. Skull and skin, female. Omaruru, Damara-
land. Type. Purchased, 1879.

* Although Neumann does not actually use this name, he
includes all the members of the kirki group of Thomas (P.Z.S. 1894)
in Rhynchotragus. Lonnberg appears somewhat confused, as he
includes damarensis in Madoqua and yet refers to it as a member of
one of the groups of Rhynchotragus.

t Described from a female specimen, which would be larger than
a male skull.

MADOQUIN.K 185

B.— Madoqua damarensis variani.

Rhynchotragus damarensis variani, DraJce-BrocTcman, Ann. Mag. Nat*
Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii, p. 481, 1913.

Typical locality Lobito, Angola.

General colour brighter ; pale buffi sh cinnamon of flanks
extending on to chest and abdomen, instead of passing there
into white ; grizzling of back and of bases of long crest-hairs-
darker.

13. 11. 5. 1. Skin. Lobito, Angola. Type.

Presented fy/ H. F. Varian, Esq., 1913.

0. 11. 12. 1. Skin, young. Coporole Valley, Angola,
Paratype. Presented ~by G. W. Penrice, Esq., 1900.

VIII. MADOQUA (RHYNCHOTRAGUS)
CAVENDISHI.

Madoqua cavendishi, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1898, p. 278 ;
LydekJcer, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 262, 1899.

Rhynchotragus cavendishi, Lonriberg, ArJciv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2,
1907.

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) cavendishi, LydeJcker, Game Animals of
Africa, p. 193, 1908.

Madoqua langi, Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. vol. xxvi, p. 153,
1909; LydeJcker, Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 10, 1911.

Typical locality Lake Rudolf district.

Typically the size fully as large as (if not larger than)
that of M. damarensis. Nasals broader than those of
the latter, and also differing somewhat in shape ; nasal
aperture large, wider and higher than in either damarensis or
Idrki ; premaxillse not touching each other in the middle line
above (as they do in type of damarensis), and reaching
posteriorly to nasals, with which they articulate broadly.
General colour typically dark fawn (much darker than ill
damarensis) on anterior part of back, becoming greyer (by
the loss of the fulvous suffusion) posteriorly, and passing into-
ashy grey on sides of buttocks ; shoulders, an ill-defined line
on flanks, and fronts of legs sandy rufous ; hairs of crest
suffused throughout with dull fulvous. For skull-dimensions,,
see below.

186 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

The species has been divided into the two following
races : —

A. Size large M. c. cavendishi.

B. Size smaller .. . M. c. minor.

A.— Madoqua cavendishi cavendishi.

Typical locality Lake Rudolf district.
Size large. General characters those given under head of
species. Basal length of immature male skull 4| inches

FIG. 21. — FEONT AND SIDE VIEW OP SKULL AND HORNS OF CAVENDISH'S
DiK-DiK (Madoqiia [Rhynchotragus'] cavendishi).

(103-5 mm.) ; maximum width 2^ inches (58 mm.) ; length
from orbit to tip of premaxilla 2^ inches (58 mm.).*

98. 4. 28. 4. Skull, retaining milk dentition, with horns,

and skin. Lake Eudolf district, British East Africa. Type.

Presented ly H. S. H. Cavendish, Esq., 1898.

4. 6. 5. 3-4. Two skulls and skins, female, one immature.

* These dimensions are about equal to those of the type adult
female skull of M. damarensis.

MADOQUIN^: 187

Lake Elmenteita district, British East Africa. Topo-types of
M. langi.

Presented by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1904.

99. 2. 3. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Lanjoro, Atlii
Valley, British East Africa.

Presented ~by the Lord Delamere, 1899.

2. 4. 5. G. Skull, female. Kedong Valley, British East
Africa, Presented by C. S. Betton, Esq., 1902.

2. 4. 5. 7. Skull, immature, female. Ngomini, British
East Africa. Same history.

9. 6. 30. 1. Skull, with horns (fig. 21), and skin. Ituri
Forest, Congo. Presented by G. G. Longden, Esq., 1909.

B.— Madoqua cavendish! minor.

Rhynchotragus cavendish! minor, Lonnberg, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
ser. 8, vol. ix, p. 65, 1912, K. Svenska Vei.-Ak. Handl.vol. xlviii,
no. 5, p. 158, 1912.

Typical locality Guaso-hyiro Valley, below Chanler's
Falls, British East Africa.

Size considerably smaller than in typical race. General
colour grizzled yellowish grey, with dark brown tips and
buffish yellow subterminal rings to the hairs ; neck paler
(less yellow) grey with whitish rings to hairs; flanks less
grizzled and paler than back ; hind part of buttocks and
caudal region ashy grey ; under-parts suffused with buffish,
but middle of belly, like inner sides of hind-legs, white ; legs
and middle of face fulvous buff; sides of face paler; eye-
mark conspicuous. Basal length of skull 3^-3| inches
(92- 94 mm.); maximum width 2-2-^(50-54 mm.); length
of upper series of cheek-teeth about If inches (34-35 mm.).

12.11.21.1. Head, mounted. Guaso-nyiro Valley, east
of Chanler's Falls, British East Africa.

Presented by F. C. Selous, Esq., 1912.

12. 11. 21. 2. Head-skin. Same locality. Same history.

IX. MADOQUA (RHYNCHOTRAGUS) KIRKI.

Neotragua kirki, Giinther, Proc. Zool Soc. 1880, p. 17; Thomas, ibid.
1885, p. 222; Johnston, Kilimanjaro, p. 355, 1860; Hunter,
Willoughby's Big Game of E. Africa, p. 290, 1889; W. L.
Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 166, 1891 ; Flower

188 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 338, 1891 ; Ward, Records
of Big Game, p. 79, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 215,
1893; Jackson, Big Game Shooting (Badminton Libr.), vol. i,
pp. 285 and 310, 1894; Matschie, Sdugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika,
p. 118, 1895.

Madoqua kirki, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 328 ; Sclater and
Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 83, 1895 ; Lydekker, Great
and Small Game of Africa, p. 262, 1899 ; Drake-Brockman,
Mamm. of Somali, p. 71, 1910 ; Ward, Records of Big Game,
ed. 6, p. 174, 1910.

Rhynchotragus kirki, Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv. no. 3, p. 2,
1907 ; Drake-Brockman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 983.

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) kirki, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 192, 1908.

Typical locality Brava, Italian Somaliland.

Typically, at any rate, smaller than either of the two
preceding species. Proboscis not excessively elongated, nor
nasals excessively shortened ; tip of nasals about on level of
front edge of anterior premolar, and separated by an interval
of about lT5g inches (32 mm.), from tips of premaxillse ; nasal
aperture of skull, as compared with that of cavendishi, small,
and nasals narrower ; general colour ranging from coarsely
grizzled yellowish grey or greyish fawn to bright grizzled
fulvous, with rufous on sides of neck; limbs rufous, of
varying intensity, or deep reddish fulvous. For skull-
dimensions, see below, where the distinctive characteristics
of the two races are given.

The range extends from Somaliland to British East
Africa and Kilimanjaro.

Three races, distinguished as follows, have been de-
scribed : —

A. Size smaller M. k. kirki.

B. Size larger.

a. Colour darker M . k. hindei.

b. Colour lighter M. k. nyiJcce.

A. — Madoqua kirki kirki.

Madoqua kirki typica, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 192,
1908.

Typical locality Brava, Italian Somaliland.
Size relatively small ; general colour of back dull
yellowish grey ; limbs rufous, of varying shade. Basal

MADOQUIN^E 189

length of skull 3J inches (95 nim.), maximum width
(48 • 5 mm.) ; length from muzzle to orbit 2 (50 mm.) ;
do. to tip of nasals 1£ inches (32 mm.).

79. 12. 18. 2. Head, mounted, and skull. Brava, Italian
Somaliland. Type.

Presented ly Sir John Kirk, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1879.

79. 12. 18. 1. Skull and skin, female. Same locality.

Co-type. Purchased, 1879.

81. 9. 22. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Manda, Lamu,

British East Africa. Purchased, 1881.

81. 9.- 22. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality.

Same history.
87. 3. 9. 5. Skull, with horns. Lamu.

Presented ly J. G. Haggard, Esq., 1887.
89. 8. 3. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Foot of Mount
Kilimanjaro, East Africa.

Presented ly H. 0. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889.
89. 8. 3. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality.

Same history.

99. 11. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Kismayu, Jubaland, East Africa.

Presented ly Major E. J. Harrison, 1899.

13. 8. 2. 4-5. Two skulls and skins, male and female.

Jubaland. Presented ly I. N. Dracopoli, Esq., 1913.

B. — Madoqua kirki nyikae.

Hhynchotragus kirki nyikae, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi,
no. 3, p. 3, 1913.

Typical locality Ndi, near Voi, British East Africa.

Type in U. S. National Museum.

Very similar to, but larger than, typical race, equalling
in this respect hindei, from which it differs by its lighter
colour; the back being ochre-tawny, passing into buff on
flanks, and into white beneath. A vermiculation on back
produced by dusky rings on the hairs.

No specimen in the collection has been definitely referred
to this race.

190 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

C.— Madoqua kirki hindei.

M adoqua kirki hindei, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, vol. x,
p. 242, 1902 ; LydeJfJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 192, 1908.

Rhynchotragus hindei, O. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905,
p. 89.

Rhynchotragus kirki hindei, Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3,
p. 2, 1907.

Typical locality Kitui district, British East Africa.

Eather larger than the typical race. General colour
more fulvous, especially the middle line of the back^ which is
bright grizzled fulvous; legs deep reddish fulvous; white
eye-markings distinct ; long crest-hairs deep reddish fulvous,
with black tips ; outer side of front margins of ears edged
with black. Nasals more bent down and laterally com-
pressed than in typical race, with a short articulation to
upper ends of premaxillse.

The following dimensions, in millimetres, are given by
Thomas of the type female skull: — greatest length 109;
zygomatic width 53 • 5 ; length from tip of muzzle to tip of
nasals 34; nasals 18 -7 x 16; muzzle to orbit 52-5; width
of brain-case 43 • 7 ; muzzle to front of anterior premolar 24.

0. 9. 4. 2. Skull and skin, female. Kitui district, British
East Africa. Type. Presented ly S. L. Hinde, Esq., 1900.

98. 10. 28. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Machakos,
British East Africa. Same donor, 1898.

98. 1. 5. 15. Skull, with horns, and skin. Tsavo Valley,
Machakos. Same history.

10. 1. 15. 1-3. Three skulls, with horns, and skins.
Tsavo, Taru Desert, British East Africa, Same donor, 1910.

10. 1. 15. 4. Skin. Same locality. Same history.

4. 2. 19. 1. Skin. North of AthiKiver, Ukamba, British
East Africa. Presented ly Dr. R. E. Drake-Brockman, 1904.

4. 6. 5. 5. Skin, female. Simba Valley, British East
Africa. Presented ly Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1904.

4. 6. 5. 6. Skull and skin, immature. Same locality.

Same history.

MADOQUIN^E 191

X. MADOQUA (RHYNCHOTRAGUS) THOMASI.

Rhynchotragus thomasi, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,
1905, p. 89 ; Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907.

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) thomasi, Lydekker, Game Animals of
Africa, p. 192, 1908.

Typical locality Uniamwesi district, to tlie south of the
Victoria Nyanza ; the range also extending into Masailand.

Type in the collection of Dr. 0. Neumann.

Described as being closely related to M. kirki hindei, but
distinguished by the more uniformly rufous tawny of the
whole of the upper-parts ; only the middle line of the back
being dark rufous in the latter, while the sides are olive or
fulvous. Hairs of back ringed near tips with red and black ;
but the black disappearing on the sides, so that hairs of
shoulders and flanks are wholly rufous ; head also uniformly
rufous, except on occiput, where black-tipped hairs make
their appearance.

Of this duiker, which may be only a race of kirki, there
are no specimens in the collection.

XL MADOQUA (RHYNCHOTRAGUS) GUENTHERI.

Madoqua guentheri, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 824, 1900,
p. 804 ; Hoyos, Zu den Aulihan, p. 185, 1895 ; Swayne, Seventeen
Trips to Somaliland, p. 318, 1695 ; Thomas and Sclater, Book
of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 89, pi. xxxi, fig. 1, 1895 ; Elliot, Field
Mus. Zool. Pub. vol. i, p. 117, 1897 ; Lydekker, Great and Small
Game of Africa, p. 262, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game,
ed. 6, p. 172, 1910.

Rhynchotragus guentheri, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,
1905, p. 88; Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 2, 1907;
Drake-Brockman, Mamm. of Somali, p. 72, 1910, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1911, p. 982.

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) guentheri, Lydekker, Game Animals of
Africa, p.* 193, 1908.

Typical locality Ogadeu, Somaliland.

The type of Rliynchotragus.

Typically, the size of M. kirki, with the proboscis much
elongated and the nasals extremely short ; tip of nasals about
on level with hind margin of penultimate premolar, and
separated by an interval of about If inches (41 mm.) from

192 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

the tip of the premaxillae ; the latter bones short and widely
separated from nasals (with which they articulate in M. kirki
hindei); general colour, in typical race, coarsely grizzled
greyish fawn, much as in Kilimanjaro examples of M. kirki ;
no rufous on flanks, and that on limbs very dull ; crest much
mingled with black ; backs of ears greyish fawn. For skull-
measurements, see below.

The range of the species extends from Somaliland and
Oallaland to British East Africa.

The three races are distinguished as follows : —

A. Size relatively small.

a. Under-parts pale pinkish buff M. g. guentheri.

b. Under-parts white M. g. wroughtoni.

B. Size considerably larger M. g. smithi.

The third race presents much the same relation to the
first as is borne by M. cavcndiski to M. kirki.

A. — Madoqua gruentheri guentheri.

Typical locality Ogaden, Somaliland.

Size relatively small. Colour as described above. Basal
length of skull 3-j-| inches (96 mm.),* maximum width 2j
{53 mm.), length from muzzle to orbit 2-^ (51 mm.), do.
from tip of nasals to tip of premaxillse If inches (41 '5 mm.).

94. 2. 21. 18. Skull, female. Central Ogaden, Somali-
land ; collected by Lieut.-Col. H. G. C. Swayne. Type.

Presented ly Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1894.

94. 2. 21. 16-17. Two skins. Same locality and collector.

Same history.

86. 11. 19. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Central
Somaliland.- Presented ly E. Lort Phillips, Esq., 1886.

96. 10. 8. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kurrimangi,
Somaliland. Presented ly Capt. G. L. F. Leathes, 1896.

96. 10. 8. 5. Skull and skin, female. Same locality.

Same history.

99. 12. 28. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Wardare,
Somaliland. Presented ly C. V. A. Peel, Esq., 1899.

* Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 804 : smaller dimensions are
•given in the Book of Antelopes.

193

99. 1 2. 2S. 2. Skull and skin, female. Same locality.

Same history.
96. (>. 23. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Somaliland.

Presented by Major P. H. G. Powell-Cotton, 1896.
96. 6. 23. 1. Skin, female, mounted. Same locality.

Same history.

4. 5. 9. 3. Skull and skin, female. Gerbergi, Somali-
land. Presented by Major H. N. Dunn, 1904.
6. 9. 1. 40-42. Three skulls and skin, female, one
immature. Dawa Valley, British East Africa.

Presented by Dr. H. E. Drake- Brockman, 1906.
11. 8. 2. 42-47. Six imperfect skins. Mogadishu,
Italian Somaliland. Same donor, 1911.

0. 3. 17. 26. Skull, with horns. No locality.

Presented by the Lord Delamere, 1900.
95. 10. 13. 1. Skull, with horns. Jug Fafan, south-
western central Somaliland.

Presented by Dr. R. B. Christie, 1895.

B. — Madoqua guentheri wroughtoni.

Rhynchotragus guentheri wroughtoni, Drake-Brockman, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. iv, p. 51, 1909, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 984 ;
Lonnberg, K. Svensha Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 155,
1912.

Typical locality Webi Valley, Gallaland.

Size approximately that of typical race, but general colour
dark grizzled yellowish, fading only slightly as it extends on
to shoulders, flanks, and haunches, although ending abruptly
on under-parts, where the chest and abdomen are white,
instead of the grizzled area fading somewhat gradually into
the pale pinkish buff of the chest and abdomen as in M. g.
guentheri; crest, muzzle, and legs rather darker than in
latter ; ears broader and larger than in any other duiker
except M. cavendishi, to which this race presents a superficial
resemblance. Basal length of skull 3J inches (95 mm.);
maximum width 2| inches (55 rum.).

9. 6. 1. 39. Skull, with horns, and skin. Mount Abu-el-
Kassim, north bank of Webi Eiver, Gallaland. Type.

Presented by Dr. E. E. Drake- Brockman, 1909.
n. 0

194 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

0. 3. 27. 27. Skull, with horns, and skin. Layer Valley,
near Gewima, British East Africa.

Presented by the Lord Delamere, 1900.

0. 3. 27. 24. Skull and (?) skin, immature Same
locality. Same history.

C.— Madoqua g-uentheri smithi.

Madoqua guentheri smithi, Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 804 ;

Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 194, 1908.
Rhynchotragus guentheri smithi, Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv,

no. 3, p. 2, 1907.

Typical locality Lake Stephanie district.
Known by the skull and head-skin, the former of which
is much larger and stouter than that of the typical race ;
basal length 4-^ inches (102*5 mm.); maximum width
(5$ mm.) ; length from tip of premaxillse to orbit
inches (59 mm.).
0. 11. 7. 13. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. South-
east of Lake Stephanie. Type.

Presented ~by Dr. Donaldson Smith, 1900.

XII. MADOQUA (EHYNCHOTRAGUS)
NASOGUTTATA.

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) nasoguttatus, Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool.

vol. iv, no. 3, p. 1, 1907.
Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) nasoguttata, Lydekker, Game Animals of

Africa, p. 194, 1908.
Rhynchotragus nasoguttatus, Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3,

p. 7, 1907 ; Drake-Brockman, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1911, p. 978.

Typical locality Lake Baringo district, British East
Africa.

Nearly allied to M. guentheri, but with still shorter nasals
(12 x 14 mm.) ; upper row of cheek-teeth relatively long,
measuring 37 mm., or the same as in the much larger M. g.
smithi (the corresponding measurement in typical guentheri
being 33 mm.). General colour grizzled grey; face pale
rufous, brighter on forehead, profusely spotted on lower half
with white. Drake-Brockman (loc. cit.) suggested, from the
analogy of M. Jcirki, that the white nose-spots, on which this

MAlHH>rLVK 195

species was founded, might prove to be inconstant ; but the
under-mentioned specimens tend to indicate their constancy.

10. 12. 19. 83-84. Two skulls, with horns, and skins.
Lake Baringo district ; collected by Mr. E. Kemp.

Presented ly C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1910.

10. 12. 19. 85-86. Two skulls and skins, female, one
immature. Same locality and collector. Same history.

II. Genus DORCOTRAGUS.

Dorcotragus, Noack, Zool. Anz. 1894, p. 202; Elliot, Field Mus.

Zool. Pub. vol. i, p. 135, 1897; Sclater and Thomas, Book of

Antelopes, vol. iii, p. 241, 1898 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910,

p. 878.
Dorcatragus, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 949, 1898, et auc-

torum alterum.

Size somewhat larger than in Madoqua ; females apparently
not bigger than males ; muzzle normal, with a small naked
area ; crown of head not tufted ; ears very large ; no face-
glands ; tail short ; hoofs short with pads on supporting
surface ; minute lateral hoofs present ; heel-tie in the form
of a double fold, of which the front one projects as a kind of
ridge ; horns of males longer than skull. Skull short and
broad, with relatively short nasals and long premaxillse,
small and shallow lachrymal pits, and inflated auditory
bullre.

The distribution is restricted to the mountains of Somali-
land and part of Abyssinia.

Placed by Sclater and Thomas in the Antilopince, this
genus was associated with Madoqua as a separate subfamily
in 1910 by Pocock, who considers that the foot-glands are
essentially of the dik-dik type. A superficial resemblance
of the feet of the beira to those of goats and sheep is an
adaptation to a mountain life.

DORCOTPtAGUS MEGALOTIS.

Oreotragus megalotis, Menges, Zool. Anz. 1894, p. 131.

Dorcotragus megalotis, Noack, Zool. Anz. 1894, p. 202 ; Elliot,
Field Mus. Zool. Pub. vol. i, p. 135, 1897 ; Sclater and Thomas,
Book of Antelopes, vol. iii, p. 241, pi. Ixxv, 1898 ; Lydekker,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 377, 1899, Game Animals

O 2

196

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

of Africa, p. 278, 1908 ; de Poncins, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 377, 1899 ; Rothschild, Powell-Cotton'' s Sporting Trip
through Abyssinia, p. 474, 1902 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910,
p. 878.

Dorcatragus megalotis, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 949, 1894 ;
Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 169, 1910; Dnike-
BrocJtman, Mamm. of Somali, p. 65, 1910.

BEIRA, or BAIRA.

Typical locality Somaliland, to which country, together
with part of Abyssinia, the species is confined.

Size approximately that of a grysbok ; shoulder-height
about 20 inches. General colour purplish grey grizzled with

FIG. 22. — FRONT AND SIDE VIEWS OF SKULL AND HORNS OF
THE BEIRA (Dorcotragus megalotis).

white, which forms the extreme tips of the hairs ; a narrow
dark flank-band separating the grey area from the yellowish
or orange fawn of under- parts, which extends on to outer
surfaces of thighs and upper part of legs, the remainder of
the latter being darker fulvous ; head bright fulvous, in

MADOQUIN^E 197

marked contrast to the grey of the neck, with a white ring
round each eye ; tail coloured throughout like back. Basal
length of skull 4f inches (111 mm.), maximum width 3f
(85 mm.), length from muzzle to orbit 3£ inches (82 mm.).

94. 9. 27. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Somaliland ;
collected by Herr J. Menges. Purchased, 1894.

94. 9. 27. 2. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and
collector. Same history.

94. 4. 14. 1-2. Two skins and frontlet, with horns. Same
locality and collector. Same history.

7. 4. 19. 1. Head, mounted, female. Somaliland.

Presented by F. M. Ransford, Esq.

99. 2. 11. 6. Skull, with horns. North Somaliland.

Presented ~by the Lord Delamere, 1899.

0. 3. 27. 30. Skull, with horns (fig. 22). Adadleh,
Somaliland. Same donor, 1900

99. 7. 8. 7. Skull and skin, female. Same locality.

Same donor, 1899.

6. 5. 4. 16. Skull and skin, female. Waggar Mountains,
Somaliland. Presented by Dr. E. E. Drake- Brockman, 1906.

6. 5. 4. 17. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history.

6. 5. 4. 18. Skin, female. Sheitch, Somaliland.

Same history.

6. 5. 4. 19. Skull and skin, immature. Near Sogsodi,
Somaliland. Same history.

11. 8. 2. 56. Skull, with horns. Golis Eange, Somaliland.

Same donor, 1911.

12. 12. 91. 1. Skull and skin, female. Berbera, Somali-
land. Presented by Arnold Hodson, Esq., 1912.

SUBFAMILY x.— REDUNCIN^.

Large or medium-sized antelopes, with horns only in the
males, which are ridged, and usually curved and distinctly
heteronymous, but may form simple spikes. Muzzle naked ;
face-glands rudimentary or wanting, but the lachrymal
depression in the skull always absent ; inguinal glands
present or absent ; foot-glands wanting except in Pelea ; two
pairs of teats ; false hoofs well developed ; main hoofs united
almost throughout their basal length by an interlingual band

198 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

of bare integument, extending forwards from the " heels " ; *
no metatarsal glands ; tail moderate.

Although smooth in front of the orbits, owing to the
absence of a depression in the lachrymal, the skull has a
pair of deep pits in the frontals, generally lachrymal vacuities,
the auditory bullse large and inflated, and normal premaxilke
and nasals. The crowns of the second pair of incisors have
expanded summits ; the upper molars are relatively narrow,
without an inner accessory column, except in the first of the
series. When large, the horns, which are strongly ridged,
except at the tips, are frequently directed backwards at the
base, and then curve upwards and forwards at the tips, but
they may have a sublyrate, sigmoid curvature.

At the present day the group is restricted to Ethiopian
Africa, but during the Pliocene it existed in India and other
parts of Asia.

Pocock f remarks that the members of this subfamily
differ markedly from the Neotragince [and Madoquince\ " in
the structure of the feet, since they entirely lack the deep
and long interdigital cleft on the front of the pastern. . . .
With the exception of the Indian genera of Tragclaphince,
the preorbital gland is absent in that group ; and in the
Cervicaprince [= Reduncince] it is at most represented by
integumental thickening. In both groups, and in no other
subfamilies of Bovidce, two pairs of inguinal pouches have
been recorded. More significant still is the fact that the
structure of the feet, whether pedal glands be present or
absent, is the same in the Cervicaprince as in the Tragdaphince.
Corroborating these characters are the presence of two pairs
of mammae and a moderate or large rhinariuni [muffle], to
which may be added the invariable absence of horns in the
females of Cervicaprince and in [those of] most genera of
Tragelaphince."

The subfamily may be divided into the following genera : —

A. Horns small and spike-like ; summit of muffle swollen,
glandular, and extending beyond posterior notch
of nostrils; no face- glands; foot-glands in both
pairs of limbs Pelea.

* See page 172.

t Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 917.

REDUNCIN.-E 199

Horns large and curved; muffle usually normal, not
extending beyond notch of nostrils ; foot-glands
represented, at most, by the duct.

a. A bare patch below ear ; no face-glands ; one or two

pairs of inguinal glands ; tail bushy (as in Peled) Eedimca.

b. No bare subauricular patch ; rudimentary face-

glands ; inguinal glands absent or represented

by a single pair of pouches; tail tufted Kobus.

I. Genus PELEA.

Pelea, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 126; Sclater and Thomas,
Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 187, 1897 ; Riitimeyer, Abk. scTiweiz.
pal. Gcs. vol. iv, p. 67, 1877 ; PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 911.

Size relatively small ; build light, and horns of male in
the form of nearly vertical spikes ; muffle large, swollen and
glandular at summit, and extending beyond posterior notch
of nostrils ; no face-glands or bare patch below ear ; tail
bushy ; foot-glands present in all four limbs, opening by a
short duct with a small orifice on front of pasterns above
hoofs ; no inguinal glands ; coat somewhat woolly. Skull
with relatively large lachrymal vacuities, relatively small
auditory bullae, and premaxillse not reaching nasals.

The distribution of the single species is restricted to
South Africa.

PELEA CAPEEOLUS.

Antilope capreolus, Bechstein, Uebersicht vierfiiss. Thiere, vol. i, p. 98,
1799, vol. ii, p. 646, 1800 ; Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb.
vol. iii, p. 312, 1811; Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii,
pp. 251 and 262, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v,
p. 1232, 1818; Schinz, Cuvier's Thierreich, vol. i, p. 393, 1821,
Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 410, 1845, Mon. Antilop. p. 14, pi. xiii,
1848 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 461, 1822 ; Lichtenstein,
Darstellung. Sdugeth. pi. viii, 1827 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 377,
1827, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 291, 1836 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop.
Mamm. p. 467, 1829 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 77, 1832 ;
Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii,
p. 634, 1868 ; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte, vol. vii, p. 1364,
1838 ; Forster, Descrip. Anim. p. 392, 1844 ; Wagner, Schreber's
Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 428, 1844, vol. v, p. 430, 1855;
Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 315, 1855.

Antilope (Gazella) capreolus, Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi,
p. 174, 1814.

Cemas capreolus, Oken, Lehrbuch Naturgeschichte, vol. iii, pt. 2,
p. 740, 1816.

200 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Antilope lanata, Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 445,
1822 ; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 623, 1841.

Antilope villosa, Burchell, Travels in S. Africa, vol. ii, p. 302, 1824,
List Mamm. presented to Brit. Mus. p. 5, 1825 ; H. Smith,
Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 251, 1827; Lesson, Hist.
Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836, Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim., Mamm.
p. 177, 1842 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. i, p. 262, 1840.

Antilope (Redunca) villosa, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom,
vol. v, p. 339, 1827.

Redunca capreolus, A. Smith, S.African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 107,
1834; Harris, Wild Animals of S. Africa, p. 138, pi. xxv, fig. 1,
1840 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169,
1869.

Eleotragus villosus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 165, 1843.

Cervicapra capreolus, Sundevall, K. SvensTca Vet.-AJc. Handl. 1844,
p. 193, 1846.

Eleotragus capreolus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 232, 1846, List Osteol. Brit. Mus. p. 57, 1847, Knoivsley
Menagerie, p. 12, 1850 ; Blyth, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Asiat. Soc.
Bengal, p. 168, 1863.

Eleotragus (Pelea) capreolus, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 126,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 144, 1851.

Pelea capreolus,* Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 90, 1852, Cat.
Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 29, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit.
Mus. p. 99, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 238,
1862 ; Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, pp. 125 and 297, 1889 ; Flower
and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 339, 1891 ; Ward, Records of
Big Game, p. 85, 1892, ed. 6, p. 213, 1910 ; Nicolls and Eglington,
Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 33, 1892 ; LydekJcer, Horns and Hoofs,
p. 220, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 319, 1899,
Game Animals of Africa, p. 237, 1908 ; Lorenz, Ann. Hofmus.
Wien, vol. ix, Notizen, p. 60, 1894; Rendall, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1895, p. 360 ; Sclater and Thomas, BooJc of Antelopes, vol. ii,
p. 189, pi. xlvi, 1897 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm.
vol. i, p. 200, 1900 ; Pococlf, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 911.

Calotragus capreolus, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853.

VAAL RHEBOK.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

Size relatively small — shoulder-height about 29 or 30
inches ; build comparatively slender and delicate ; coat soft
and somewhat woolly, although not very thick ; ears long
and narrow. General colour dull pale French grey, tending
to fawn on head and lirnbs, the front of the lower segments
of the latter being slightly darker ; a distinct blackish patch
on chin ; imder-parts scarcely paler than back ; tail, which
is somewhat bushy, reaching to about the level of the groin,
fawn-grey above at and near the base, white at the tip and

* The name is not infrequentl}7 given as P. capreola.

201

below. Horns slender, rising nearly vertically, with a slight
forward inclination ; in good specimens the length ranges
from 8 to 11J inches, the girth from 2 to 2f inches, and the
tip-to-tip interval from 2 to 6J inches. Basal length of
skull about 7J inches (190 mm.), maximum width 4 inches

FIG. 23. — SKULL AND HORNS OF THE VAAL BHEBOK (Pelea capreolus).

(101 mm.), interval between orbit and muzzle 5 inches
(126 mm.).

The distribution is confined to the area south of the
Zambesi.

81. 5. 11. 1. Skin, mounted. South Africa.

Presented ly R. G. Breakes, Esq., 1881.

629, a. Skull, imperfect. Zoetmilks Valley, Swellendam,
Cape Colony. Co-type of Antilope villosa.

Presented ly Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817.

44, a. Skin, female (formerly mounted). Mossel Bay,
South Africa. Co-type of A. villosa. Same history.

202 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

44, o. Skin, female, mounted. South Africa.

No history.

629, I. Skull, female. South Africa. No history.

67. 4. 12. 222. Skull, with horns (fig. 23). South Africa.

Lidth de Jeude Collection, purchased, 1867.

3. 3. 6. 31. Immature specimen in spirit. Deelfontein,

Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented by Lieut. -Col. A. T. Sloggett, O.M.G., 1903.

2. 12. 1. 37. Skin and imperfect skull, female. Same

locality and collector. Same donor, 1902.

2. 12. 1. 36. Skin and skull, immature female. Same
locality and collector. Same history.

3. 1. 4. 61. Skin, immature female. Same locality and
collector. Same donor, 1903.

12. 7. 17. 1. Skin, female. Shaba Tsuen, Basutoland.

Presented by W. Bosworth Smith, Esq., 1912.
2. 2. 8. 5. Skin. Ladysmith, Natal.

Presented by Lieut. -Col Sir David Bruce, K.C.B., 1902.
37. 4. 28. 2. Skin. Cape of Good Hope.

J. Gould Collection, purchased, 1837.
60. 7. 22. 1. Skin. Locality unknown.

Purchased (Zoological Society), I860.
60. 7. 22. 18. Skeleton, female. Locality unknown.

Same history.

II. Genus REDUNCA.

Cervicapra, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75; Sclater and

Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 155, 1897 ; PococJc, Proc.

Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 913 ; nee Sparrman, 1780.*
Bedunca, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, p. 337, 1827r

as a subgenus.
Nagor, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 621, 1841, f as a,

subgenus.
Oreodorcas, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8, p. 13, 1912.

Size medium; build relatively light. Horns of male
medium in length, curving regularly upwards and outwards,
and in some cases forwards or inwards at tips ; muffle

* See Palmer, Index Gen. Mamm. p. 173, 1904, where it is stated
that Antilope cervicapra should be regarded as the type of Cervicapra,
Sparrman.

f For the date of this work see Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7,
vol. vii, p. 350, 1899.

KEDUNCLVI: 203

typically normal, not extending beyond posterior notch of
nostrils ; no face-glands, but a bare, and probably glandular,
patch of skin below each ear ; tail bushy ; foot-glands repre-
sented, at most, by the duct of the glands existing in Pelea ;
one or two pairs of inguinal glands ; coat hairy ; skull light,
with large lachrymal vacuities, small auditory bullse, and the
preinaxillfe not reaching the nasals.

The distribution is practically co-extensive with that of
the subfamily.

The two subgenera may be distinguished as follows :—

A. Muffle extending beyond notch of nostrils ; one pair

of inguinal glands Eleotragus.

B. Muffle normal ; two pairs of inguinal glands Redunca.

The following is a " key " to the species : —

A. Colour tending to grey, distinctly grizzled; head

and neck more fulvous, tail very bushy.

a. Size small, colour rich, with a rufous tinge,

skull broad, horns slightly hooked at

tips, muffle normal R. fulvorufula.

b. Size large, colour paler, with a fulvous tinge,

skull narrow, horns more hooked at tips,
muffle extending beyond notch of nos-
trils B. arundinum.

B. Colour yellower and less grizzled, head and neck

like body, tail less bushy.
Size medium or small, horns, as a rule,

abruptly hooked at tips It. redunca

1. SUBGENUS ELEOTRAGUS.

Eleotragus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 165, 1843.

Muffle inflated and extending beyond line of posterior
notches of nostrils ; a single pair of large inguinal glands
opening forwards along sides of abdomen, away from teats.*

I. EEDUNCA (ELEOTRAGUS) ARUNDINUM.

Antilope arundinum, Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 145, 1785.
Antilope eleotragus, Schreber, Sdugthiere, pi. cclxvi, 1785 ; Shaw,

Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 349, 1801; Cuvier, Diet. Sci. Nat.

vol. ii, p. 244, 1804 ; Thunberg, Mem. Ac. Sci. St. Petersb. vol. iii,

* For the characters of the inguinal glands in the two groups the
writer is indebted to Mr. Pocock.

204 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

p. 314, 1811 ; Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 173,
1814; Afzelius, Nova Ada. Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815;
Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 190, 1816, Mamm.
vol. ii, p. 459, 1822 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v,
p. 1225, 1818 ; Schinz, Cuvier's Thierreich, p. 395, 1821, Synop.
Mamm. vol. ii, p. 410, 1845 ; Burcliell, List Quadr. presented to
Brit. Mus. p. 6, 1825 ; H. Smith. Griffith's Animal Kingdom,
vol. iv, p. 237, 1827 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 376, 1827, Hist.
Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836 ; J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm.
p. 465, 1829 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Verte-
brates, vol. iii, p. 634, 1868 ; Oken, Allgemeine Naturgesch.
vol. vii, p. 1364, 1838; Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. ii,
p. 621, 1841 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv,
p. 266, 1844, vol. v, p. 431, 1855; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 315,
1855.

Antilope cceralescens, Link, Beytrdge Naturgesch. vol. ii, p. 99, 1799.

Antilope oreotragus, Bechstein, Uebersicht vierfuss. Thiere, vol. i,
p. 80, 1799, nee Schreber.

Antilope arundinaceus, Bechstein, op. cit. p. 81, 1799, vol. ii, p. 644,
1800 ; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, p. 347, 1801 ; Huet, Bull. Soc.
Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 485, 1887.

Antilope cinerea, Bechstein, op. cit. vol. ii, p. 643, 1800 ; Afzelius,
Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 250, 1815.

Antilope isabellina, Afzelius, op. cit. p. 250, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's
Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1226, 1818 ; Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii,
p. 260, 1822; H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv,
p. 240, vol. v, p. 338, 1827 ; Lichtenstein, Darsteltung. Sdugeth.
pi. x, 1827 ; Smuts, Enum. Mamm. Cap. p. 76, 1832 ; Schinz,
Synop. Mamm. vol. i, p. 411, 1845, Mon. Antilop. p. 15, pi. xv,
1848 ; Peters, Eeise nach Mossambique, Sdugeth. p. 189, 1852.

•Cerophorus (Cervicapra) eleotragus, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom.
1816, p. 75.

demas arundinacea, Oken, Lehrbuch NaturgescJiichte, vol. iii, pt. 2,
p. 740, 1816.

Antilope oleotragus, Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 446,
1822 ; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. i, p. 261, 1840 ; Lesson, Nouv.
Tabl. Eegne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842.

Antilope (Redunca) eleotragus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom,
vol. v, p. 337, 1827.

Redunca eleotragus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 210,
1834; Ruppell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senckenberg, pt. 1, p. 38, 1842.

Redunca isabellina, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 210,
1834.

Eleotragus isabellinus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 165, 1843 ;
Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853 ; Jentink, Cat.
Mamm. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas, vol. ix) p. 159, 1892.

Eleotragus reduncus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 165, 1843, nee
Antilope redunca, Pallas.

Cervicapra isabellina, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 194, 1846 ; Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 144, 1883.

Eleotragus arundinaceus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 144, 1851, List Osteol. Brit. Mus.
p. 57, 1847, Knowdey Menagerie, p. 12, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc.

205

1850, p. 126, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 91, 1852, Cat. Rumi-
nants Brit. Mus. p. 18, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. MILS.
p. 88, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones' Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 138, 1862 ;
Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 657 ; Drummond, Large Game of
S. Africa, p. 397, 1875 ; Brydcn, Kloof and Karroo, p. 297, 1887 ;
Bocage, J. Sci. Lisboa, ser. 2, vol. v, p. 28, 1890.

Redunca isabellina, var. multiannulata, caffra, and algoensis, Fitzinger,
Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169, 1869.

Cervicapra arundinacea, Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 758, A
Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 216, 1881 ; Crawshay,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 653 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind.
Mus. pt. ii, p. 164, 1891 ; Lorenz, Ann. Hofnius. Wien, vol. ixr
Notizcn, p. 61, 1894.

Eleotragus eleotragus, Jcntink, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. ix, p. 172, 1887.

Cervicapra arundinum, Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals,
p. 840, 1891 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 93, 1892, ed. 6,
p. 215, 1910 ; Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa,
p. 36, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 227, 1893, Great and
Small Game of Africa, p. 305, 1899, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 555,
Field, vol. cviii, p. 778, 1906, Game Animals of Africa, p. 223,
1908 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 728 ; Thomas, ibid. 1894,
p. 146 ; Rendall, ibid. 1895, p. 358 ; Matschie, Sdugethiere
Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 127, 1895 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of
Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 157, pi. xliii, 1897 ; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S.
Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 194, 1900 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910,
p. 913 ; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Rhodesia, p. 198, 1911 ; Blaine,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 289, 1913 ; Hamilton,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1913, p. 537.

Cervicapra thomasinae, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 429, pi. xxvi ;
Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. iv, p. 227, 1900.

Redunca arundirmm, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 721, 1905 ;
Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. v. no. 10, p. 5, 1909.

Redunca thomasinae, Trouessart, loc. cit. 1905.

RIETBOK, or REEDBUCK.

Type of Eleotragus.

Typical locality Cape Colony.

Size large, the shoulder-height being about 36 inches,
and the length of the skull HT7g inches (290 mni.). Skull
narrow across orbits, with long rostrum — length 5J inches
(164 mm.) — and small orbits. General colour light greyish
fawn, strongly but finely grizzled with brown, and having a
more or less fulvous tinge, which becomes pronounced on the
head and neck, so as to cause a marked contrast between
their tint and that of the body ; occasionally a brown patch
on muzzle or crown; chin and under-parts white; back of
ears pale fawn, without black tips ; a whitish patch at base
of ears round the subauricular bare area, the latter clothed in

206 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

young animals with short, velvety, white hairs ; fore-legs
generally black in front from knees to hoofs, fawn on outer
and white on inner surface ; hind-limbs frequently with
similar black markings on lower part of shanks ; tail thick,
bushy, and reaching half-way to hocks, with the root and
upper surface fawn, and the tip and under side white.
Horns relatively long, with a moderate but not abrupt
hook-like curvature at tips ; the growing pad at their bases
persistent throughout life as a soft, rounded swelling. Good
horns range from 15 to 17 J (18, it is stated in one instance)
inches in length, and from 5 to 6J (in one case 7j) inches in
girth, with a tip-to-tip interval of from 9^ to 20^ inches.
Basal length of skull about 10£ inches (259 mm.), maximum
width 4f inches (120 mm.), interval between muzzle and orbit
6£ inches (158 mm.).

The French-grey form from Nyasaland described as
Cervicapra tlwmasince seems to be merely an excessive
development of the greyness characteristic of this species,
and is probably restricted to individuals sprung from a
single parent stock. The resemblance in colour of this phase
to Pelea is very notable.

The range extends from South Africa to the Bahr-el-
Ghazal on the eastern side of the continent, and as far north
as Angola on the west.

The following two closely allied races are recognised : —

A. Head and neck fulvous ; body, limbs and tail

greyish fawn R. a. arundinum.

B. Head and neck greyer fulvous ; body, limbs, and

tail rusty grey B. a. occidentalis.

A. — Redunca arundinum arundinum.

Typical locality Cape Colony, whence the range extends
(exclusive of Northern Rhodesia and the Bangweolo Flats)
to the Bahr-el-Ghazal, where it overlaps that of R. redunca
boJwr.

General characters those of the species.
46. 3. 23. 34. Skull, with horns, and skin. South Africa.

Purchased (Williams), 1846.
46. 3. 23. 35. Skull and skin, female. South Africa.

Same history.

KEDUNCIX.-K

207

60, I. Skin, immature female. Lowu Kowi Valley, South
Africa. Presented by Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817.

630, c (60, a). Skull, with horns. Eeitfontein, South
Africa. Described by Hamilton-Smith as Antilope redunca.

Same history.

58. 11. 26. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Locality unknown. Purchased (Zoological Society), 1858.

FIG. 24. — HEAD OF REEDBUCK (Redunca [Eleotragus] arundinum).

48. 7. 11. 2. Horns. South Africa,

Purchased (Argent), 1848.
53. 10. 6. 3. Skull, with horns. South Africa.

Same history.

82. 1. 27. 2. Skull, with horns. Collected by Sir John
Kirk, G.C.M.G. ; locality unknown. Purchased, 1881.

630, j. Skull and skin, female. Locality unknown.

r/Tchascd (Zoological Society).

93. 4. 10. 6. Skull, with horns. Mashonaland ; collected
by H. Barber, Esq. Purchased, 1893.

208 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

46. 4. 2. 10. Frontlet, with horns. South Africa.

Purchased (Williams), 1846.

10. 4. 10. 1. Skull, with horns. Portuguese East Africa.
In this specimen, which stands fourth in Ward's list, the
horns measure 16^ inches in length, with a girth of 5f, and
a tip-to-tip interval of 14J inches.

Presented by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1910.
97. 11. 21. 1. Head, mounted (fig. 24). South Africa.

Same donor, 1897.

94. 3. 7. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Palombi Valley,
Lake Shirwa, Nyasaland.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1894.
94. 3. 8. 13-14. Two skins, female, one immature. Lake
Mweru district ; collected by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G.

Purchased, 1894.

94. 3. 8. 16. Skull, imperfect, with horns. Same locality
and collector. Same history.

95. 7. 22. 5. Skull, with horns. Zomba, Nyasaland.
Presented ly Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1895.

93. 7. 25. 8. Skull, with horns. Between Lakes Nyasa
and Tankanyika ; collected by B. Crawshay, Esq.

Purchased, 1893.

94. 4. 3. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lower Um-
volosi Valley, Zululand.

Presented ~by the Christiania Museum, 1894.
97.3.15.1. Head, mounted, and skull. Lunyena Valley,
Henga, western ISTyasaland.

Presented ly R. Craicshay, Esq., 1897.

0. 11. 18. 6. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Angoni-

land. Presented ly Sir A. Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1900.

2. 12. 1. 38. Skull and skin, immature female. Deel-

fontein, Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented ly Lieut.- Col. A. T. Sloggett, C.M.G., 1902.

2. 12. 1. 39. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and

collector. Same history.

6. 11. 8. 150-151. Two skulls, with horns, and skins.

Coguno, Inhambane ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented ly C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1906.

6. 11. 8. 152. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and

collector. Same history.

KEDUNCIN'/K 209

5, 12. 9. 84-85. Two skulls, with horns, and head-skins,
immature. Klein Letaba, N. E. Transvaal ; same collector.

Same donor, 1905.

4. 12. 3. 105. Skull, with horns, and skin. Umvolosi
Valley, Zululand ; same collector. Same donor, 1904.

4. 12. 3. 104. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Matwa district, Zululand ; same collector. Same history.

4. 12. 3. 103. Skull and skin. Same locality and col-
lector. Same history.

7. 6. 2. 104-105. Two young skulls and head-skins.
Masembete, 25 miles N.W. of Beira, Portuguese East Africa ;
same collector. Same donor, 1907.

8. 1. 1. 127. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gorongoza,
Portuguese East Africa ; same collector. Same donor, 1908.

8. 2. 14. 5. Skull, with horns, immature. Diampwe
Valley, southern Angoniland.

Presented ly C. B. C. Storey * Esq., 1908.

8. 2. 14. 16. Skull, with horns. Hewe Valley, a tributary

of the Lwave. Same history.

8. 2. 14. 7. Skull, with horns. Eukuru, Lake Nderendere.

Same history.

8. 2. 14. 8. Skull, with horns, immature. Same locality.

Same history.

13. 2. 12. 1. Frontlet and horns. Mpimbe, Upper Shiri
Valley, Nyasaland ; collected by Col. F. C. Trollope. Figured
in The Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 163. Length of horns 17,
tip-to-tip interval 19J inches.

Presented ly Messrs. W. and E. Trollope, 1913.

6. 10. 20. 2. Head, mounted. Twenty-five miles N.E. of
Wau, Bahr-el-Ghazal, lat. 85° 25' K Eeferred to by present
writer in the Field, vol. cviii, p. 778, 1906, and by Elaine in
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 288, 1913.

Presented ly Capt. P. E. Vaughan, 1906.
13.9.5.1-3. Three skulls, with horns. Nyasaland ;
shot by the donor, April, 1901.

Presented ly Lieut. -Col. Manning, 1913.

2. 3. 29. 1. Skin, mounted. Songwi Valley, Lake.Nyasa.

Type of Cervicapra thomasince, which, as already mentioned,

appears to be nothing more than a French-grey phase of the

present species. Eight specimens of these pale grey reed-

II. P

210 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

bucks were known when Dr. Sclater wrote, but it does not
appear to be ascertained whether they form a colony by
themselves, or whether they mingle with normally coloured
animals like the Lorian white waterbucks. If the inheritance
be Mendelian, the pale variety might be maintained without
individuals of the aberrant type pairing together.

Presented ~by Mrs. E. S. Grogan, 1902.
9. 1. 17. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. The skin is
very similar in colour to the preceding specimen. Mpila
Valley, Lake Chinta, southern Nyasaland.

Presented ly A. R. Andrew, Esq., 1909.

B.— Redunca arundinum oceidentalis.

Cervicapra arundineum oceidentalis, Rothschild, Proc, Zool. Soc.
1907, p. 237.

Typical locality neighbourhood of Fort Jackson, Northern
Ehodesia : also found on Bangweolo Flats.

Type in Tring Museum.

Differs from typical race by the paler and greyer tint of
the fulvous of the head and neck, and the pale rusty grey of
the limbs, tail, and body ; while the horns appear to be in
most cases stouter and less curved.

The following specimens are provisionally referred to this
race, without prejudice in regard to its validity.

7. 1. 12. 3. Skull, with horns. Barotsiland, N.W. Eho-
desia. Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1907.

12. 3. 16. 3. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Lum-
batwa Valley, east of Lake Bangweolo.

Presented ly the Hon. W. Guinness, 1912.

2. SUBGENUS REDUNCA.

Muffle normal ; two pairs of relatively small inguinal
glands, opening forwards and outwards, and dipping inwards
towards the teats.

KEDUNCIN.l. 211

II. EEDUNCA KEDUNCA.

Antilope reversa, Pallas, Misc. Zool. p. 5, 1766, ncc Capra reversa,
Linn.

Antilope redunca, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. fasc. i, p. 8, 1767, xii, p. 13,
1777; Mutter, Natursyst., Suppl. p. 53, 1776; Erxleben, Syst.
Regn. Anim. p. 281, 1777 ; Zimmermann, Spec. Zool. Geogr.
p. 541, 1777, Geogr. Geschichte, vol. ii, p. 114, 1780, vol. iii,
explanation to chart, p. 9, 1783 ; Gatterer, Brev. Zool. vol. i,
p. 81, 1780 ; Hermann, Tail. Affin. Anim. p. 108, 1783 ; Schreber,
Sdugthiere, pi. cclxv, 1785; Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. p. 141,
1785; Gmelin, Linn.'s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 184, 1788; Kerr,
Linn.'s Anim. Kingdom, p. 308, 1792; Donndorff, Zool. Bey-
ti'iige, vol. i, p. 624, 1792; Link, Beytrage Naturgesch. vol. ii, p. 98,
1795 ; Bcchstein, Uebersicht vierfiiss. Thiere, vol. ii, p. 643,
1800 ; Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 360, 1801 ; Turton,
Linn.' s Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 112, 1802 ; Desmarest, Nouv. Diet.
Hist. Nat. vol. xv, p. 330, 1803, vol. xxiv, tabl. p. 32, 1804, ed. 2,
vol. ii, p. 188, 1816, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 458, 1822 ; Cuvier,
Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 243, 1804 ; Tiedemann, Zoologie, vol. i,
p. 409, 1808 ; Lichtenstein, Mag. nat. Freunde, vol. vi, p. 170,
1814 ; G. Fischer, Zoognosia, vol. iii, p. 410. 1814 ; Afzelius,
Nova Ada Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 220, 1815 ; Goldfuss, Schreber' s
Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1200, 1818 ; Schinz, Cuvier' s Thierreich,
vol. i, p. 395, 1821, Synop. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 425, 1845; H.
Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 238, 1827 ; Lesson,
Man. Mamm. p. 375, 1827, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 290, 1836,
Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim., Mamm. p. 177, 1842 ; /. B. Fischer,
Sijnop. Mamm. p. 464, 1829 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38,
Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 364, 1868 ; Ohen, Allgemeine
Naturgesch. vol. vii, p. 1385, 1838; Gervais, Diet. Sci. Nat.
vol. i, p. 261, 1840; Riippell, Mus. Senckenberg, vol. iii, p. 182,
1842 ; Wagner, Schreber' s Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 426,
1844, vol. v, p. 431, 1855; Giebel, Sdugethiere, p. 314, 1855;
Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 267, 1887.

Antilope rufa, Afzelius, Nova Acta Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 250, 1815.

Cerophorus (Cervicapra) redunca, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816,
p. 75.

Antilope (Redunca) redunca, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom,
vol. v, p. 338, 1827.

Antilope (Nagor) redunca, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i,
p. 621, 1841.

Redunca nagor, Eiippell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senckenberg, pt. i, p. 38,
1842.

Eleotragus reduncus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii,
p. 232, 1846, ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 145, 1851, Knowsley Menagerie,
p. 13, pi. xiii, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 127, Cat. Ungulata
Brit. Mus. p. 94, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 18, 1872,
Hand - List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1873 ; Temminck,
Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853 ; Jentirik, Cat. Osteol. Leydcn
Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bos, vol. ix) p. 130, 1887; Huet, Bull.' Soc.
Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 267, 1887.

Cervicapra redunca, Sundevall, h. Svenska Vet. -Ah. Handl. 1844,
p. 195, 1846 ; Flower and LydckJccr, Study of Mammals, p. 340,

P 2

212 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

1891; Jjydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 228, 1893, Great and
Small Game of Africa, p. 305, 1899, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 231, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii,
p. 171, pi. xliv, 1897 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 221,
1910 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 913 ; Elaine, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 289, 1813.
Redunca redunca, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 721, 1905.

NAGOR, or BOHOR.

Type of Cervicapra, Redunca, and Nagor.

Typical locality Gori Island, off the coast of Senegal,
West Africa.

Size smaller than in arundinum, the shoulder-height
ranging from about 27 to 28 inches, and the length of the
skull from about 9y3g inches (225 mm.) to 10-j-J inches
(256 mm.). Skull generally similar to that of arundinum,
but with a relatively shorter rostrum and upper tooth-row.
General colour yellowish, less grizzled and more fulvous
than in arundinum, and that of head and neck not markedly
contrasting with that of body ; dark markings on limbs less
pronounced than in typical examples of arundinum or
wanting. Tail shorter and less bushy. Horns relatively
shorter and stouter, with the tips more abruptly hooked ;
the length in good specimens ranging from about 9 to
14^ (in one instance 15) inches.

The distribution includes Ethiopian Africa north of the
Zambesi, where it is approximately co-extensive with that of
the genus. The local races may be distinguished as follows : —

A. Skull smallest in group— length about 8^|- inches

(225 mm.) ; upper row of cheek-teeth very
short — 2T95 inches (54 mm.) ; horns short,
strongly hooked forwards and inwards.
Hair long ; general colour dark yellowish
fawn -R. r. redunca.

B. Skull larger ; upper tooth-row and horns longer.

a. Skull less massive and shallower vertically —

length 10T75 inches (255 mm.) ; length of
upper series of cheek-teeth 63 mm. ; *
horns thinner, longer and more divergent R. r. cottoni.

b. Skull more massive and deeper vertically;

horns shorter and stouter.
a1. Length of skull 9| inches (240 mm.), of
upper series of cheek-teeth 58 mm. ;
horns shorter B. r. ugandce.

* In the case of very small differences millimetres alone are
generally used.

REDUNCTN K 213.

61. Skull and horns longer; length of former

about 10T75 inches (255 mm.).
a2. Length of skull 255 mm., of upper
series of cheek-teeth 62 mm. ; general
axis of horns rising above frontal
plane.

a3. Horns shorter and moderately curved It. r. bohor.
b3. Horns longer and curved outwards,
with the tips much inbent.

a4. Size larger ; colour darker It. r. wardi.

b1. Size smaller; colour lighter It. r. tohi.

b-. Length of skull 10£ inches (256 mm.), of
upper series of cheek-teeth 63 mm. ;
horns slightly lyrate, with their general
axis below frontal plane B. r. nigeriensis.

In the matter of colouring the following five races are
characterised as follows : —

A. General colour pale yellowish fawn ; hair shorter

than in r. redunca It. r. nigeriensis.

B. General colour grizzled fawn.

a. General tint yellower R. r. boJior, R. r.

ivardi, and It. r. cottoni.

b. General tint browner R. r. ugandce.

A.— Redunca redunca redunca.

Cervicapra redunca redunca, Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting
Trip through Abyssinia, p. 470, 1902.

Cervicapra redunca typica, Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 5, p. 222,
1907, ed. 6, p. 222, 1910 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii,
p. 392, 1897 ; LydekJcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 231, 1908.

NAGOR.

Typical locality Gori Island, off Senegal.

Size small, shoulder-height about 27 inches. Hair
relatively long ; general colour dark yellowish fawn, no
dark marking on limhs. Skull very small, length about
8-}-| inches (225 mm.); upper series of cheek-teeth very
short, %YQ inches (54 mm.). Horns very short and stout,
with the tips hooked strongly forwards and inwards. In the
first of two specimens recorded in Ward's list which can he
definitely referred to this race the length is 10 inches, the
girth 4f , and the tip-to-tip interval 6J inches.

The range extends from Senegal and Gambia to the Gold
Coast.

214 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

46. 10. 23. 17. Skin, immature. West Africa ; collected
by Mr. J. Whitfield. Presented ly the Earl of Derby, 1846.

93. 3. 5. 1. Skull, with horns. Gambia ; collected by
Governor Carter. Presented ly Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1893.

98. 9. 9. 1. Skull, with horns, immature. South bank
of Gambia Eiver. Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1898.

11.6.10.10. Skull, with horns, and skin. Upper Gambia.
Presented by G. Fenwick Owen, Esq., 1911.

B.— Redunea redunca bohor.

Antilope redunca, Rilppell, Neue Wirbelth. Abyssin. p. 30, pi. vii,
fig. 1, 1835-40, nee Pallas.

Redunca bohor, Riippell, Verzeichniss Mus. SencJcenberg. pt. i, p. 50,
1842; Fitzinger, Sitzber. Jc. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 169,
1869 ; Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 722, 1905 ; Lonnberg,
Sjostedt's Kilimandjaro-Meru Exped., Mamm. p. 44, 1908.

Antilope (Redunca) bohor, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl.
vol. iv, p. 425, 1844, vol. v, p. 432, 1855.

Cervicapra bohor, Sundevall, K. Svens'ka. Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 195, 1846 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 93, 189%, partim ;
Lydekher, Horns and Hoofs, p. 229, 1893, Great and Small Game
of Africa, p. 305, 1899, partim; Sclater and Thomas, Booh of
Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 165, 1897, partim; Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist. ser. 7, vol. vi, p. 304, 1900 ; Elaine, ibid. ser. 8, vol. xi,
p. 288, 1913.

(?) Eleotragus bohor, TemmincJt, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191, 1853.
Eleotragus reduncus, Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leop.-Car.

vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 11, 1863 ; (?) Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864,

p. 110 ; (?) Jentink, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas,

vol. xi) p. 150, 1892.
Cervicapra (?) adrob, Heuglin, Reise Nordost-AfriJca, vol. ii, p. 109,

1877.
(?) Eleotragus arundinaceus, True, Proc. V.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xv,

p. 472, 1892, nee Gray.
Cervicapra redunca bohor, Rothschild, Powell-Cotton1 s Sporting Trip

through Abyssinia, p. 467, 1902 ; LydekTter, Game Animals of

Africa, p. 231, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 223,

1910.

BOHOR,

Typical locality Central Abyssinia.

Size rather larger than in typical race. General colour
yellowish grizzled fawn ; dark limb-markings sometimes
present. Skull large, length 10^- inches (255 mm.), massive
and deep ; length of upper series of cheek-teeth 2f$ inches
(62 mm.). Horns relatively short and stout, although longer

REDUNCIN.E 215

than iii redunca ; their general axis rising above level of
frontal plane ; in good specimens the length ranges from
9J to 10£ inches and the girth from 5J to 6, with a tip-
to-tip interval of from 5 to 11 J inches.

Elaine, on account of the larger size of the skull and teeth,
regards this and the following races as specifically distinct
from the true rcdunca.

1. 7. 6. 16. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Gora-
boutha (5,600 feet), Hawash, Abyssinia.

Presented by A. E. Pease, Esq., 1901.

6. 11. 1. 62. Skull, with horns, and skin. Near Lake
Helene, Omo River, N.E. Abyssinia ; collected by Mr. P.
Zaphiro. Presented by W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906.

C.— Redunca redunca wardi.

Cervicapra bohor, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 144, 1883;
Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 604 Jackson, Big Game
Shooting (Badminton Libr.) vol. i, pp, 285 and 294, 1894 ;
Matschie, Sdugeth. Dcutsch-Ostafrika, p. 128, 1895 ; nee
SundevaU.

Cervicapra redunca wardi, Thomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7,
vol. vi, p. 304, 1900 ; Rothschild, Poivell Cotton's Sporting Trip
through Abyssinia, p. 471, 1902; Lydekker, Game Animals of
Africa, p. 231, 1908; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 224,
1910 ; Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi, no. 2, p. 7,
1910 ; Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910 ; Cabrera,
Cat. Met. Mam. Mus. Madrid, p. 126, 1912.

Kedunca redunca wardi, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 722, 1905.

Cervicapra bohor wardi, Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi,
p. 289, 1913.

Typical locality Mau Plateau, British East Africa.

Closely allied to the last, with which it agrees generally
in cranial and dental measurements, and also in colour ; black
markings on legs present. The chief distinction seems to be
in the horns, \vhich are rather larger, and have the points
much turned inwards ; good specimens range from 10 to
13f inches in length, with a girth of from 4J to 7f , and a
tip-to-tip interval of from 4J to 9J inches.

Thomas regarded this race as nearly allied to redunca
redunca, which he considered specifically distinct from
r. bohor. Blaine affiliates it to the latter.

The range includes portions of Uganda adjacent to British
East Africa.

216 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

0. 8. 15. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Man Plateau,
British East Africa ; collected by Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G.,
C.B. Type. Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1900.

0. 8. 15. 2. Skull and skin, female. Same locality and
collector. Same history.

FIG. 25. — SKULL AND HORNS OF EASTERN BOHOR KEEDBUCK
(Redunca redunca wardi).

95. 9. 7. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Border of British
and German East Africa to the north-east of Kilimanjaro.

Presented ly Major R. W. E. Kenwick, 1895.
1. 8. 9. 71. Skull, with horns, immature. Eavine Station,
British East Africa.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, K.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.

1. 8. 9. 72-73. Two skulls and skins, immature female.

Same locality. Same history.

. 1.8.9.74. Skull, with horns. Nandi, British East Africa.

Same history.

UEDUNCIN.K 21V

1. 8. 9. 75-76. Two skulls, with horns (fig. 25). Ravine
Station, British East Africa. Same history.

63. 7. 7. 12. Skull, with horns, and imperfect skin.
Uganda. Presented by Capt. J. H. Speke, 1863.

89. 8. 3. 1. Skull, with horns, immature. Near Kiliman-
jaro, Masailand. Presented by H. C. V. Hunter, Esq., 1889.

82. 1. 27. 2. Skull, with horns. East Africa; collected
by Sir John Kirk. Length of horns on front curve 13|,
basal girth 5J, tip-to-tip interval 8J- inches ; this being the
maximum horn-length recorded by Ward in 1910.

Purchased, 1882,

D. — Redunca redunca tohi.

Redunca redunca tohi, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, No. 7,
p. 10, 1913.

TOHI.

Typical locality Mariakani, British East Africa.

Type in U. S. National Museum.

Allied to wardi but smaller (basal length of skull
8}| inches = 223 mm.), and lighter and purer tawny in
colour, the black " lining " on back being less distinct, and
the dark leg-streaks narrower or wanting.

No specimen in collection definitely referable to this-
race.

E.— Redunca redunca cottoni.

Cervicapra redunca cottoni, Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting
Trip through Abyssinia, p. 470, 1902; Lydekker, Game Animals
of Africa, p. 231, 1908, Field, vol. cxx, p. 1175, 1912.

Cervicapra redunca donaldsoni, Rothschild, op. cit. p. 471, 1902 ;
Lydekker, loc. cit. 1908, identified with cottoni, Field, op. cit.
1912.

Redunca redunca cottoni and donaldsoni, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm.,
Suppl. p. 722, 1905.

Cervicapra bohor cottoni, Elaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol.xi^
p. 289, 1913.

Typical locality Kordofan, between the Bahr-el-Zerafe
and the Bahr-el-Jebel.

Type not identified.

General colour similar to that of r. bohor, but horns
longer, thinner, and more divergent, with more or less-

218

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

marked incurving at tips. Skull relatively slight and shallow
vertically; length 10T7g inches (255 mm.); length of upper
series of cheek-teeth 2 J inches (63 mm.). Fine horns measure
from 13 to 15 inches, with a girth of from 4f to 6 inches,
and a tip-to-tip interval ranging from 7J to 18 J inches.

Of the three under-mentioned heads obtained by Capt.
Gunthorpe in the Binder Valley — a tributary of the Blue
Nile — one agrees with a typical cottoni, a second is clearly a
donaldsoni, and the third of an intermediate type. These
specimens, in conjunction with a fourth given to the writer

FIG. 26. — HEAD OP SUDANI BOHOE REEDBUCK (Redunca redunca cottoni},

from Mongalla.
Length of horns 16 inches, girth 5 inches, tip-to-tip interval 23§ inches.

by Colonel Gunthorpe, show that these two supposed races
are inseparable. In the writer's specimen the interval
between the horn-tips is only 6 J inches, whereas in specimens
from the Binder and Blue Nile valleys catalogued in the
sixth edition of Ward's Records of Big Game, this interval
ranges from 15 to 18 inches.

The range extends from Kordofan, the White Nile,
and the Isle of Meroe to the east of Lado and western
Somaliland.

1. 8. 8. 42. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kaka, White
Nile, Sudan. Presented ly R. Me. D. Hawker, Esq., 1901.

REDUNCIN.K 219

8. 1. 15. 1. Skull, with horns. Binder Valley, Blue

Nile. Presented by J. Howhtiu/ U'tn'd, Esq., 1908.

0. 11. 7. 17. Skull, with horns. North of Lake Rudolf.

Presented l)ij Dr. Donaldson Smith, 1900.

. 12. 11. 13. 3. Mounted head. Binder Valley, Blue Nile ;

shot by Capt. M. E. T. Gunthorpe. The horns are of the

character of typical cottoni.

Presented by Col E. J. Gunthorpe, 1912.
12. 11. 13. 4. Mounted head. Same locality and
donor. The horns are somewhat intermediate between
those of the preceding and the following specimen.

Same history.

12.11.13.5. Mounted head. Same locality and collector.
The tips of the horns show the strongly marked inbending
characteristic of donaldsoni. Same history.

F.— Redunca redunca nigeriensis.

Cervicapra bohor nigeriensis, Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8,

vol. xi, p. 290, 1913.
Cervicapra redunca typica, Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii,

p. 392, 1907, nee Lydekker.

Typical locality Ibi, Northern Nigeria.

Similar in size to r. vmrdi, but with the body-colour of a
more uniform shade of fawn, as in r. redunca. General colour
light fulvous fawn, slightly darker along middle line of back,
and paler on flanks, where it merges into white of under-
parts; a pale dusky stripe down front of lower portion of
fore-legs. Hair short and close, not waved. Horns with the
main axis depressed below level of frontal plane ; stout at
the base, then slightly curving downwards and outwards, and
finally hooking forwards at the tips, although not so strongly
as in r. redunca or r. bohor ; good specimens range from 9 to
lOf inches in length, with a girth of from 4J to 6J, and a
tip-to-tip interval of from 4J (in one instance 2|) to
7f inches. Length of skull 10J inches (256 mm.), of upper
series of cheek-teeth 63 mm.

7. 7. 8. 234. Skull, with horns. Ibi, Northern Nigeria ;
Alexander-Gosling Expedition. Type.

Presented ~by the Alexander-Gosling Expedition, 1907.

220 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

4.7.9.11-12. Skull and frontlet, with horns. Ee-
spectively from Sokoto and Zimguru, Northern Nigeria.

Presented ~by Capt. A. Cock, 1904.

5. 5. 10. 10. Imperfect skull, with horns. Wase,
Northern Nigeria. Presented ~by Dr. H. K. W. Kumm, 1905.
7. 7. 8. 235-236. Two skulls and skins. Ibi ; Alexander-
Gosling Expedition.

Presented ~by the Alexander- Gosling Expedition, 1907.
7. 7. 8. 268. Head, skin. Same locality and collection.

Same history.

G.— Redunca redunea ug-andae.

Cervicapra bohor ugandae, Elaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi,
p. 291, 1913.

Typical locality Ankoli, south-western Uganda.

Size rather smaller than in r. nigeriensis, and skull and
horns proportionately shorter. General colour the yellow
grizzled fawn of r. bohor, but with a brownish tinge, so that
it appears less fulvous. Horns short and stout, without a
pronounced forward hook at tip. Length of skull 9.J inches
(240 mm.), of upper series of cheek-teeth 2£ inches (56 mm.).

5. 4. 3. 35. Skull, with horns, and skin. South-western
Ankoli, Uganda ; collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett. Type.

Presented ly Lieut. -Col. C. Delme-Raddiffe, 1905.

5. 4. 3. 36. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature. Same
locality and collector. Same history.

5. 11. 16. 1. Skull, with horns. South-western Uganda.
Presented by F. H. Lecky, Esq., 1905,

1. 7. 15. 2. Skull, with horns. South of Albert Edward
Nyanza. Presented ly J. E. S. Moore, Esq., 1901,

III. BEDUNCA FULVOKUFULA.

Antilope fulvorufula, Afzelius, Nova Ada Soc. Upsal. vol. vii, p. 250,.

1815; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v, p. 1226, 1818;

H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 239, 1827.
Antilope lalandia, Desmoulins, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 445,

1822 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 378, 1827.
Antilope landiana, Desmarest, Mammalogie, vol. ii, p. 462, 1822 ;

Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii,

p. 634, 1868.

REDUNC1N.K 221

Antilope eleotragus, Liclitenstein, Darstcllung. Sdugeth. pi. 19, 1827 ;

Smuts, Enuin. Mamm. Cap. p. 75, 1832 ; Schinz, Mon. Antilop.

p. 15, pi. xiv, 1848 ; nee Schreber.
Antilope lalandii, J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 467, 1829;

Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 621, 1841 ; Schinz,

Synop. Mainm. vol. ii, p. 415, 1845.
Redunca lalandii, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii, p. 210,

1834.
•Cervicapra eleotragus, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,

p. 194, 1846, nee Blainville.
Eleotragus arundinaceus, Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, p. 191,

1853, nee Bechstein.
Redunca eleotragus, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,

pt. 1, p. 169, 1869 ; Brehm, Thierlebcn, Stiugethiere, vol. iii, p. 222,

1880; nee A. Smith.
Eleotragus eleotragus, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-

Bas, vol. ix) p. 130, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (ibid.

vol. xi) p. 159, 1892, nee Antilope eleotragus, Schreber.
Eleotragus redunca, Bryden, Kloof and Karroo, p. 298, 1889, nee

Gray.
•Cervicapra redunca, Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 604, nee

Sundevall.
Cervicapra lalandii, Nicolls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa,

p. 34, 1892 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 228, 1893 ; Eendall,

Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 359 ; Ward, Eecords of Big Game, ed. 2,

p. 132, 1896.
Cervicapra fulvorufula, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii,

p. 175, pi. xlv, 1897 ; Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa,

p. 305, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 227, 1908 ; W. L. Sclater,

Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 197, 1900; Ward, Records of

Big Game, ed. 6, p. 218, 1910; Blaine, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.

ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 290, 1913.

•Cervicapra fulvorufula subalpina, Kirby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1897, p. 879.
Redunca fulvorufula, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm., Suppl. p. 722, 1905.
Oreodorcas fulvorufula, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ix, no. 8,

p. 13, 1912.

Rooi RHEBOK.

Type of Oreodorcas.

Typical locality eastern Cape Colony.

A very distinct species, of the approximate size of redunca
redunca, distinguished from both the preceding species by the
relatively greater interorbital width of the skull, its shorter
rostrum and larger orbits, as well as by the shorter and
straighter horns, which are less hooked at the tips.

General colour grizzled greyish fawn, tinged with rufous,
especially on the head and neck, where it contrasts with the
body-colour ; chin, upper portion of throat, and under-parts,
-as well as inner sides of limbs, white ; dark leg-markings

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

inconspicuous or wanting ; tail reaching about to level of
groin, and very bushy, fawn above, and white below. Good
horns range in length from 7 to 8-J inches, with a girth of
from 3 \ to 5J, and a tip-to- tip interval of from 3 to 6 inches.

In the skull the tympanic sheath, which encloses the
tympano-hyal pit, is low, and does not extend downwards
on sides of bullse ; knobbed processes of basioccipital small
and short; facial portion of lachrymal long, narrow, and
extending on orbit well behind termination of nasal ; orbit
large, its vertical diameter one-half length of nasal; infra-
orbital vacuity situated posteriorly above front end of
penultimate upper premolar ; masseter knob on sides of
maxillse small; pit at base of condyles posterior to bulke
deep ; lachrymo-nasal sinus narrow ; premaxillre long. In
the more typical members of the genus the skull differs by
the longer tympanic sheath, the greater development of the
knobbed processes of the basioccipital, the smaller orbit, and
the wider and shorter lachrymal.

The range includes the eastern districts of Africa south
of the Zambesi, more especially Natal, Zululand, and
Bechuanaland, and thence through British East Africa to
Gallaland.

The races are distinguishable as follows : —

A. Length of skull 9^ inches (230 mm.), of upper

series of cheek-teeth 2f inches (60 mm.).. R. f. fulvorufula.

B. Length of skull 8^| inches (225 mm.), of upper

series of cheek-teeth 2J inches (57 mm.).

a. Typically a dark nose-stripe !?•/• clianleri.

b. Typically no dark nose -stripe E. f. shoana.

A. — Redunca fulvorufula fulvorufula.

Typical locality eastern Cape Colony.

Characters as above.

630, d. Skull, with horns. South Africa.

Presented ly Dr. W. J. Burchell, about 1817.
43. 6. 6. 12. Skull and skin, female. Cape Colony;
collected by Dr. Brandt. Purchased, 1843.

51. 5. 5. 6. Skull, with horns. Orange Eiver district.

Purchased (Argent), 1851.
51. 5. 5. 6. Skull, female. Same locality. Same history.

REDUNCIN^l

41. 12. 25. 3. Skin, mounted, provisionally referred to-
this species. Said to be of South African origin.

Purchased (Cross), 1841.

93. 2. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. Northern Zululand.

Presented by A. H. Neumann, Esq., 1893.

94. 1. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. Figtree Creek, De Kaap,
Barberton, Transvaal. Presented ~by Dr. P. Rendall, 1894.

94. 11. 4. 4. Skull, immature female. Same locality.

Same history.

94. 4. 3. 2. Skull and skin, immature female. Lower
Umvolusi Valley, Zululand.

Presented ~by the Christiania Museum, 1894.
98. 9. 10. 3. Skin. Kruger's Post, Transvaal.

Presented ly F. V. Kirly, Esq., 1898.

95. 8. 16. 1. Skull, female. Figtree Creek, De Kaap.

Presented ly Dr. P. Rendall, 1895.

98. 9. 10. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Steenkamp-
berg, Transvaal. Belongs to the so-called alpina.

Same history.
98. 9. 10. 2. Skin, female. Same locality. Same history.

3. 3. 6. 52. Immature specimen, in spirit. Deelfontein,
Cape Colony ; collected by Mr. C. H. B. Grant.

Presented ly Lieut.-Col. A. T. Sloygett, C.M.G., 1903.

4. 12. 3. 106. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin
separate). Alatwa district, Zululand ; same collector.

Presented ly C. D. Rudd, Esq., 1904.

B. — Redunea fulvorufula ehanleri.

Cervicapra ehanleri, Bothschild, Novit. Zool. iii., p. 53, 1895 ; Chanler,

Through Jungle and Desert, p. 431, 1896 ; Sclater and Thomas,

Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 183, 1897.
Cervicapra fulvorufula ehanleri, Jackson, Great and Small Game of

Africa, p. 317, 1899 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,

1902, p. 99 ; LydeMer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 228, 1908 ;

Ward, Becords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 220, 1910 ; Blaine, Ann.

Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 290, 1913.
Kedunca ehanleri, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. Suppl. p. 722, 1905.
Eedunca fulvorufula ehanleri, Boosevelt, African Game Trails,

p. 417, 1910.

Typical locality mountains east of Kenia, British East
Africa.

Type in Tring Museum.

224 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Skull-dimensions less than in typical race, as recorded
under heading of species. Typically, according to 0. Neumann,
a dark stripe on nose.

95. 5. 15. 1. Cast of type skull. Original (in Tring
Museum) from mountains east of Kenia.

Presented by J, Rowland Ward, Esq., 1895.
98. 10. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Kedong Encampment, British East Africa.

Presented by E. W. Mo/at, Esq., 1898.
0. 10. 5. 3-4. Two skulls, with horns, and skins, one
immature. East of Kariendus River, British East Africa.

Presented ly C. S. Betton, Esq., 1900.
0. 10. 5. 6. Skull, immature female. Same locality.

Same history.

0. 3. 27. 21-22. Two skins. Ella Doulan, British East
Africa. Presented ~by the Lord Delamere, 1900.

2. 12. 2. 1-2. Head, mounted, and two skins. East of
Lake Margherita, East Africa.

Presented ly the Lord Hindlip, 1902.
4. 12. 6. 15—16. Two skulls, with horns, and a skin.
Port Hall, British East Africa.

Presented ly S. L. Hinde, Esq.t 1904.

10.1.13.3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Kedong Valley,

British East Africa. Presented ly Major G. E. Tuson, 1910.

C.- Redunea fulvorufula shoana.

Cervicapra fulvoruf ula shoana, O. Neumann, Sitzler. Ges. nat. Freunde,
1902, p. 99 ; LydeJcker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 228, 1908.

Typical locality Shoa.

Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann.

Distinguished from chanleri by absence of dark nose-
stripe and certain small details in the skull and horns ; the
absence or presence of the nose-stripe (which may be present
in arundinum) in chanleri was considered of no importance
by Sclater and Thomas.

6. 11. 1. 63. Skull, with horns, and skin, provisionally
referred to this somewhat doubtful race. Jaha Boru, Arusi-
Gallaland ; collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro.

Presented by W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906.

III. Genus KOBUS.

Kobus, A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, Mamm. pt. xii, pi. xxviii,

1840 ; Eiitimeyer, Abli. scluueiz. pal. Ges. vol. iv, p. 60, 1877 ;

Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, 916.

Kolus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 159, 1843, (?) errorim.
Cobus,* Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 284 ; Sclater and Thomas,

Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 95, 1896.
Kobus, Zittel. Handbuch Palceont. vol. iv, Mamm. pp. 417 and 729,

1893, errorim.

Size large or medium ; build generally heavy. Horns of
male long, lunate or more or less sublyrate, and heavily
ridged for the greater part of their length ; muffle normal ;
rudimentary face-glands, f but no bare subauricular patch;
tail relatively long, reaching about to the hocks, with a ridge
of hair on dorsal surface and a terminal tuft; foot-glands
wanting ; inguinal glands absent, or represented by a single
pair of pouches ; coat usually hairy ; skull massive, with
large lachrymal vacuities, large auditory bullse, and the
premaxilloe reaching the long nasals.

The distribution is practically the same as that of the
subfamily.

The genus is divisible into the following three subgeneric
groups : —

A. No inguinal glands ; coat grizzled ; hair of back not

reversed. Size large ; horns sublunate, inclin-
ing forwards superiorly ; neck heavily maned . . . Kolus.

B. A single pair of inguinal pouches ; coat not grizzled ;

hair of back usually reversed ; neck not heavily
maned.

a. Size medium ; coat long and rough, horns sublyr-

ate, with a more or less marked double (sig-

moid) flexure Onotragus.

b. Size smaller ; coat typically short and smooth ;

horns sublyrate, without distinct double

flexure .. . Adenota.

* This is undoubtedly the proper Latinised form of the name,
which, according to the Strickland code, ought to be employed,
t See Pocock, op. cit. p. 916.

II.

226 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

1. SUBGENUS KOBUS.

Large, heavily-built antelopes, with coarse, grizzled coat,
not reversed on back, heavily maned neck, and, in the males,
long, stout sublunate, forwardly inclined horns.

The two species are distinguished as follows : —

A. A white elliptical band on rump K. ellipsiprymnus.

B. No white rump -band K. defassa.

Distribution co-extensive, in suitable localities, with that
of the genus.

I. KOBUS ELLIPSIPKYMNUS.

Antilope ellipsiprymnus, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1833, p. 47, Penny
Encylopcedia, vol. ii, p. 88, 1834 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836,
p. 38; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 434,
1844, vol. v, p. 434, 1855; Peters, Eeise nacJi Mossambique,
Sdugeth. p. 189, 1852.

Aigoceros ellipsiprymnus, A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ. vol. ii,
p. 186, 1834.

Aigocerus ellipsiprymnus, Harris, Wild Sports S. Africa, p. 387,
1839, ed. 5, p. 351, 1852, Wild Anim. S. Africa, p. 71, pi. xiv,
1840.

Kobus ellipsiprymnus, A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, Mamm.
pt. xii, pis. xxviii and xxix, 1840 ; Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.
ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232, 1846, ser. 3, vol. iv, p. 296, 1859, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1850, p. 130, Knowsley Menagerie,^ p. 15, 1850, Cat. Un-
gulata Brit. Mus. p. 99, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 15,
1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 86, 1873 ; Gerrard,
Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 239, 1862 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1864, p. 101 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber ~k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,
pt. 1, p. 176, 1869 ; Drummond, Large Game S. Africa, p. 426,
1875 ; Brehm, Thierleben, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 224, 1880 ;
Flower and Garson, Cat. OsteoL Mus. R. Coll. Surg. pt. ii,
p. 268, 1884 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas,
vol. ix) p. 131, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (ibid. vol. xi)
p. 159, 1892, Notes Leyden Mus. vol. ix, p. 172, 1887 ; Nicholls
and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 44, 1892 ; True, Proc.
U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xv, p. 471, 1892 ; Pococlc, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1904, vol. i, p. 4, 1910, p. 916 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat.
Freunde, 1905, p. 93 ; Broun, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1905, vol. ii, p. 296 ;
Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409, Mitt. Zool.
Mus. Berlin, vol. v, pt. 3, p. 556, 1911 ; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam.
Mus. Madrid, p. 126, 1912.

Antilope ((Egocerus) ellipsiprymnus, Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Regne
Anim., Mamm. p. 180, 1842.

Kolus ellipsiprymnus, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 159, 1843.

KEDUNCIN^E 227

Cervicapra ellipsiprymnus, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl.
1844, p. 195, 1846.

Heleotragus ellipsiprymnus, Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 658.

Antilope elypsiprymnus, Owen, Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 634,
1868.

Cobus ellipsiprymnus, Buckley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 284 ; Selous,
ibid. 1881, p. 758, A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, p. 218,
1881 ; Crawshay, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 651 ; Sclater, ibid.
1891, p. 326, 1892, p. 471, 1893, p. 505, pi. xxxix ; Flower and
Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 340, 1891 ; Ward, Eecords of
Big Game, p. 84, 1892, ed. 6, p. 190, 1910 ; Lydekker, Horns and
Hoofs, p. 223, 1893, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269,
1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 194, 1908 ; Bryden, Gun and
Camera, p. 504, 1893; Barkley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1894, p. 131;
Swayne, ibid. p. 316, Thirteen Trips to Somali, p. 307, 1894;
Matschie, Saugeth. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 132, 1895 ; Sclater and
Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 97, pi. xxxii, 1896 ; W. L.
Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 185, 1900; Eotli-
schild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466,
1902 ; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Bhodesia, p. 206, 1911.

WASSERBOK, or WATERBUCK.

Type of the genus.

Typical locality the district between Lataku and the
west coast, South Africa.

Height at shoulder from about 48 to 53 inches ; * coat
long and coarse ; general colour grizzled brownish grey,
tending to blackish on the back, with the bases of the hairs
whitish, paler on flanks, and passing into white on middle
line of under-parts and inner sides of upper portion of hind-
limbs; a conspicuous white elliptical band on the rump
extending downwards on each side to the flanks ; feet dark
brown, with a white band above hoofs ; sides of forehead dark
brown ; a white line round nose, lips, and chin, and another
over and in front of each eye ; an irregular band round neck
greyish white; ears hairy, white internally, and blackish
externally, except at the base, where they are brownish,
about 7J inches in length ; tail dark brown above and white
beneath, about 11 inches long, exclusive of terminal tuft
(4 inches). Horns large, and heavy, sublunate, inclining
backwards and outwards at base, and then forwards and
inwards towards and at the tips, heavily ridged for about
three-fourths their length. Fine horns measure from 31 to

* Sclater and Thomas give the height as 39 inches ; Nicholls and
Eglington as " often considerably more than 4 feet."

Q 2

228 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

36 1 inches in length, with a girth of from 8J to 10 inches,
and a tip-to-tip interval ranging from 13 J to 29 J inches.

The range extends from South Africa north of the Limpopo
along the coast-region through Nyasaland to German and
British East Africa, and thence to the Sheheli Eiver,
Somaliland.

The following names have been applied to local forms of
this species, but whether any or all are entitled to rank as
distinct subspecies, the material in the Museum is insuffi-
cient to determine. Some at least are probably typified by
individual herds rather than by local races.

a. Kobus ellipsiprymnus pallidus, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat.

Freunde, 1910, p. 410 ; Lonnberg, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl.
vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 161, 1912.

Typical locality Shebeli Valley, Somaliland.

Type in collection of Major Powell-Cotton, at Quex Park,
Birchington, Kent.

A somewhat pale form, in which the general colour is
light brown (fawn), purest on the forehead, legs, and root of
tail, on the neck and back with black tips to the hairs, on the
sides mingled with grey, on the feet darker ; white eye-streak
short ; white of chin not extending to angle of mouth ;
throat and chest very light, with an admixture of grey and
sepia-brown hairs; upper part of ears margined with dark
brown; sides of head fawn-brown, strongly suffused with
sepia-brown ; hoof-band complete, as in typical race. Based
on two immature specimens.

b. Kobus ellipsiprymnus thikse, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,

1910, p. 411 ; Lonnberg, K. Svensha Vet.-Ak. Handl. vol.
xlviii, art. 5, p. 161, 1912.

Typical locality Thika Valley, north of the Donyo-Sabuk,
Kenia district, British East Africa.

Type in collection of Major Powell-Cotton.

Forehead burnt-umber ; upper side of nose blackish grey-
brown, with a very narrow white line round muffle ; white
eye-streak twice as long as in last, not pure white, but
mingled with brown hairs ; sides of head light brownish grey
strongly suffused with sepia; white of chin extending to

REDUNCIN^ 229

angle of month ; throat and chest warm sepia or sooty ; back
reddish sepia, with little grey on the sides, but the flanks
light umber-brown ; hoof-band incomplete ; light neck-band
(as in the preceding) stopping short of root of ear, which it
reaches in typical race. Skull relatively wide.

c. Kobus ellipsiprymnus kondensis, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus.

Berlin, vol. v, pt. 3, p. 556, 1911.

Typical locality Mwaya, at north-western end of Lake
Nyasa, S.W. Kondeland, German East Africa.

Type in Zoological Museum, Berlin.

Resembles K. e. thikce in the incompleteness of the white
hoof-band and the dark colour of the remainder of the foot,
but is distinguished by the general colour being less dark ;
on the hind half of the neck, the shoulders, and the sides of
the body the tint is not lighter than broccoli-brown ; on the
middle of the back and upper half of legs much the same,
and only on the feet and lower part of legs umber-brown.

d. Kobus ellipsiprymnus lipuwa, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin,

vol. v, pt. 3, p. 560, 1911.

Typical locality between Mwaya and Mbaka Valleys,
German East Africa.

Type in Zoological Museum, Berlin.

Named on the evidence of the skull and horns, for the
characteristics of which reference must be made to the
original description, as it is too long to quote.

e. Kobus ellipsiprymnus kulu, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin,

vol. v, pt. 3, p. 561, 1911.

Typical locality Maliwe, westward of Kilwa, German
East Africa.

Type in Zoological Museum, Berlin.

Also named from the skull and horns alone, the descrip-
tion of which is too long and detailed for quotation in this
place.

/. Kobus ellipsiprymnus canescens, Lonnberg, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak.
Handl. vol. xlviii, no. 5, p. 160, 1912.

Typical locality Guaso-nyiro, British East Africa,
Type in Eoyal Swedish Museum of Natural History.

230 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Stated to be considerably paler than thikse, without
trace of reddish sepia on back, but with more grey on flanks
and paler ears. Smaller and paler than typical race. In
extreme cases the paleness passes into semialbinism.

g. Kobus ellipsiprymnus kuru, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect.
vol. Ixi, no. 13, p. 6, 1913.

Typical locality Taveta, Kilimanjaro district, British East
Africa.

Type in U. S. National Museum.

A large form distinguished from tliikse by its darker,
sepia-brown general colour ; legs darker brown, but nose not
darker than body, and presenting but little contrast in colour
to forehead.

83. 7. 28. 6. Skin, mounted. Upper Manyami Valley,

Mashonaland ; collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Length of

horns 33, basal girth 9|, tip-to-tip interval 11J inches; the

specimen stands sixth in Ward's 1910 list. Purchased, 1913.

83. 7. 28. 6. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality and

collector. Same history.

42. 4. 11. 7. Skin, mounted. South Africa; collected

by Sir Andrew Smith. Purchased (Warwick), 1842.

48. 7. 13. 2. Frontlet and horns. South Africa.

Purchased ( Warwick), 1848.
61. 12. 3. 1. Skull, with horns. Algoa Bay.

Presented ly C. Wemys, Esq., 1861.
63. 8. 4. 1. Skull, with horns. South Africa.

Presented ly G. W. Clapp, Esq., 1863.
48. 3. 15. 1. Skull, with horns. South Africa.

Purchased (Argent), 1848.

63.7.7.9. Skull, with horns. Knigani Valley, Ugarama.
Presented ly Capt. J. H. Speke, 1863.
63. 7. 7. 10. Skull, female. Makorta, near Bagamoya.

Same history.

93. 5. 6. 7-8. Two skulls, with horns. Zomba, Nyasa-
land ; collected by A. Whyte, Esq.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1893.
93. 7. 9. 26-27. Two frontlets and horns. Same locality.

Same history.

EEDUNCIN^E 231

97. 11. 21. 2. Head, mounted. East Africa.

Presented ~by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1897.

10. 12. 17. 1. Head, mounted, and body-skin. Lorian
Swamp, British East Africa. This specimen belongs to a
pale phase not uncommon in the Lorian Swamp and adjacent
parts of the Guaso-nyiro. These pale-coloured Lorian water-
buck, as mentioned by Col. W. H. Broun (Proc. Zool. Soc.
1905, p. 297), and also by Lord Gifford in The Field of
August 6th, 1910, have eyes of the normal colour, and
thus are not true albinos. Col. Broun's buck, which was
in company with a white doe when shot, was obtained
in July, 1904, on the right or north bank of the Guaso-
nyiro, about twenty miles to the westward of the Lorian
Swamp. Lord Gifford obtained two white bucks on the
north bank of that river, where he saw four other examples,
as well as a calf on the south bank. He describes having
seen a white male and female in company, but other-
wise the white individuals were mingled with normally
coloured animals. One white calf is recorded as having been
seen with a dark dam, but it appeared to have grey patches
on the head and back. These accounts indicate that pale-
coloured waterbuck are comparatively common in the Lorian
district, although they do not herd by themselves. These
pale forms are referable to canescens, but they suggest a case
somewhat analogous to that of the grey reedbucks (Eedunca
arundinum) of the Songwi Eiver, near its entrance into Lake
Nyasa (see p. 209). Presented ty Lord Gifford, 1910.

10. 12. 17. 2. Skull and skin, pale-coloured female.
Same locality. Same history.

7. 10. 25. 7. Frontlet and horns. Portuguese East
Africa. Presented ~by F. Vaughan Kirfy, Esq., 1907.

10. 4. 10. 2. Skull, with horns. Portuguese East Africa.
Length of horns 31 J inches.

Presented ~by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1910.

1. 4. 3. 2. Frontlet and horns. Barotsiland.

Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1901.

1. 4. 3. 3. Skull, female. Same locality. Same history.

98. 7. 2. 11. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin
separate). Dan Valley, a tributary of the Juba, East Africa.

Bequeathed ly H. Andrew, Esq., 1898.

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

98. 7. 2. 12. Skin. Same locality. Same history.

51. 12. 23. 7-8. Two skulls, female. Locality unknown.

Purchased (Stevens), 1851.

93. 12. 1. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Webi Valley,

Somaliland ; collected by Lieut.-Col. H. Gr. C. Swayne. This

and No. 93. 6. 30. 9 should belong to Matschie's K. e.

pallidus. Presented ly Dr. P. L. Sclater, 1893.

93. 6. 30. 9. Skull, female. Shebeli Valley, Somaliland.

Presented ly Gen. Sir Arthur Pagct, K.C.B., 1893.

II. KOBUS DEFASSA.

Antilope defassa, Bilppell, Neue Wirbelth. Abyssin. p. 9, pi. iii,
1835-40 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 423,
1844 ; Beichenbach, Sdugeth. vol. iii, p. 133, 1845.

Eedunca defassa, Bilppell, Verzeichniss Mus. Senckenberg, pt. 1,
p. 182, 1842.

Kobus sing-sing, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 159, 1843, partim.

Cervicapra defassa, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844,
p. 195, 1846.

Kobus defassa, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232,
1846 ; Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leop.-Car. vol. xxx, pt. 2,
p. 15, 1863, Beise Abyssin. vol. ii, p. 109, 1877 ; Fitzinger, Sitzber.
k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1, p. 176, 1869 ; Matschie, Sitzber.
Ges. nat. Freunde, 1892, p. 134, 1910, p. 412 ; O. Neumann, ibid.
1895, p. 92; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii, p. 392,
1907; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 916; Cabrera, Cat.
Met. Mamm. Mus. Madrid, p. 126, 1912 ; Schwarz, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 495, note, 1913.

Kobus sing-sing, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 15, 1850, Cat. Ungu-
lata Brit. Mus. p. 99, 1852, Cat. Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 15,
1872, Hand-List Buminants Brit. Mus. p. 78, 1873, partim.

Antilope defassa var. abyssinica, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere,
Suppl. vol. v, p. 435, 1855.

Cobus defassus, Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 140,
1891 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 224, 1893.

Kobus defassus, Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-Bas,
vol. ix) p. 130, 1887 ; Jackson, Big Game Shooting (Badminton
Libr.) vol. i, pp. 285 and 304, 1894.

Cobus defassa, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 727, 1895, p. 868 ;
Matschie, SdugetJi. Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 124, 1895 ; Sclater and
Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 115, pi. xxxvi, 1896 ;
Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 75, 1897 ;
Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Game
Animals of Africa, p. 199, 1908 ; Rothschild, Powell-Cotton1 s
Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Johnston,
Uganda Protectorate, vol. i, p. xi, pi. facing p. 192, 1902 ; Lonnberg,
Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 7, 1907; Alexander, From Niger to
Nile, vol. ii, p. 329, 1907 ; Drake-Brockman, Mamm. of Somali.
p. 72, 1910 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 193, 1910.

REDUNC1N/E

233

DEFASSA, or SING-SING.

Type of Kolus.

Typical locality near Lake Tana, Abyssinia, in the neigh-
bourhood of the upper course of the Blue Nile.

Distinguished from the type species by the elliptical
white ring on the rump being replaced by a large white

FIG. 27. — SKULL AND HORNS OP UGANDA DEFASSA
(Kobus defassa Uganda}.

•

patch, not extending above level of root of tail ; ears usually
shorter than in that species; general colour ranging from
bright rufous to smoky or blackish grizzled ; markings, with
the exception of the rump-patch, and colour-pattern of the
same general type as in K. ellipsiprymnus. Horn-dimensions
are given under the headings of the races. Distribution
approximately co-extensive with that of the genus.

The species is represented in the collection by at least

234 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

five well-defined races, which may be briefly defined as
follows : —

A. Ears relatively long and pointed ; a large white

area (in addition to eye -streak) round eye.

a. Size smaller; general colour rufous brown... K. d. def asset.

b. Size larger; general colour bright rufous,

especially on forehead K. d. ugandce.

B. Ears shorter and rounded ; no large white area

round eye.

a. General colour rufous K. d. unctuosus.

b. General colour smoky.

a'. Back lighter K. d. crawshayi.

b' '. Back darker K. d. penricei.

In addition to the above, and apart from certain so-called
races which do not seem to be separable from C. d. penricei,
the following names — many of which are probably based on
individual herds rather than on races — have been applied to
local forms of the defassa : —

a. KOBUS HARNIERI.

Kobus sing-sing, Murie, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1863, p. 3, pi. ii.

Antilope harnieri, Murie (ex Kaup), op. cit. p. 5, 1863.

Cobus harnieri, Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv,

p. 76, 1897.
Kobus harnieri, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905,

p. 92 ; Matschie, ibid. 1910, p. 409.
Cobus defassa harnieri , Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 200,

1908.
Kobus defassa harnieri, Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487,

1910.

Typical locality White Nile.

Type in Darmstadt Museum.

Described as having the coat shorter and less shaggy
than that of unctuosus, and of an umber tint, quite unlike
the russet or yellowish brown of that of ugandce.

b. Kobus unctuosus matschiei, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,

1905, p. 92 ; Matschie, ibid. 1910, p. 409.

Cobus defassa matschiei, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 200, 1908.

Typical locality mouth of the Galana Eiver, Lake Abaya.

Type in collection of Dr. O. Neumann.

General colour rufous, passing into iron-grey on crown of
head and sides of body ; white eye-streak sharper and longer,
and white chin-band wider than in harnieri.

REDUNCIN.E 235

c. Kobus adolfi-friderici, MatscJiie, WeidiverJc in Wort u. Bild, vol. xv,

p. 234, 1906, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Frcunde, 1910, p. 409.
Cobus ellipsiprymnus adolfi-frederici, Lydekker, Game Animals of
Africa, p. 196, 1908.

Typical locality upper Orangi, south of Ikoma, German
East Africa.

Type apparently in Berlin Zoological Museum.

Described from a head characterised by the dark colour
of the nose, the absence of a white band on the throat, and
the relatively short horn-tips.

d. Cobus defassa tjaederi, Lonnberg, Arkiv Zool. vol. iv, no. 3, p. 7,

1907 ; Lydeklcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 202, 1908.
Kobus defassa tjsederi, MatscJiie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910,
pp. 409 and 414.

Typical locality junction of the Guaso-hanek and Guaso-
nyiro, north-western Laikipia, British East Africa.

Type in Eoyal Swedish Museum of Natural History,
Stockholm.

Darker than the typical defassa, with a greater extension
of the dark areas. Black of face extending from above white
ring over muzzle to over middle of white eye-streak, and
on to side of angle of mouth, thus covering a larger area
than in typical defassa; eye-streak well-defined, but not
extending further backwards than anterior third of eye ;
above the black face the forehead bright rufous mixed with
black ; sides of face behind black area like forehead except
for a paler huffish brown patch between eye and root of ear ;
backs of ears rufous bordered with white, tips black ; neck
rufous above but greyish brown on sides ; body-colour dark
brown, with a rufous tinge, much darker than the rufous
brown of typical defassa ; under-parts dark smoky brown ; legs
and feet black with a brownish shade in front and a narrow
white hoof-band ; tail like back at root, but nearly black at
tip. Horns apparently shorter, stouter and less curved than
in typical defassa.

e. Kobus unctuosus tschadensis, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.

ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 267, 1913.
Kobus defassa tschadensis, Schwarz, op. cit. p. 495, 1913.

Typical locality Mafaling, Shari Valley, north-west Africa.
Type in Senckenberg Museum.

236 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Chiefly distinguished from typical defassa by the narrower
skull and the paler tint of fore part of back, the fawn of
which contrasts markedly with the ochery tinge of the
thighs and flanks ; forehead tawny ; middle of face brownish
black, paler posteriorly ; cheeks fawn.

/. Kobus defassa annectens, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8,
vol. xi, p. 494, 1913.

Typical locality Badingua, Upper Shari Valley.

Described as intermediate between the preceding and
the following form, being much darker than in tschadensis,
with a shorter mane. Anterior portion of back, withers, and
upper part of shoulders brownish red, strongly suffused with
black and less contrasted with the colour of the neck than
in tschadensis; neck similar, but with less black suffusion,
owing to the shorter blackish tips of hairs ; crown and
forehead brownish red; middle portion of face similar, but
some hairs with black tips, notably near muzzle; cheeks
greyish red ; backs of ears reddish brown in basal two-thirds,
apical third black, whereas in tschadensis only the extreme
tip and in schubotzi the terminal fourth is blackish ; white of
buttocks sharply contrasted with brownish red area bordering
dark of rump; hind-legs from hocks, fore-legs from below
shoulders, and tail-tip brownish black; light bands round
lateral hoofs dirty white, those round hoofs brownish ; nnder-
parts sooty brown, except inguinal region, which is white.

g. Kobus defassa schubotzi, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8,
vol. xi, p. 495, 1913.

Typical locality Duma, near Libenge, Ubangui (Ubangi)
Valley, north-west Africa.

Type in Senckenberg Museum.

Allied to annectens, but distinguished by its shorter coat,
more brownish colour, blackish face, and more slender
horns. The describer observes that " the pale K. d. tschadensis,
with its long fur and indistinct markings, and the dark
K. d. schubotzi, with its bright markings and short coat,
seem at first to represent different species rather than local
forms of the same species, but the two are connected by
K. d. annectens, which combines the long fur of K. d. tschadensis
with the dark colour of the present form."

REDUNCINyE 237

%* For the characteristics of the following forms, the
types of which, unless otherwise stated, are in the collection
of Major Powell-Cotton at Quex Park, Birchington, Kent,
reference must be made to the original descriptions. The
colour of the forehead, the extent of the dark nose- patch, the
length of the white eye-stripe, and the degree of extension
of the whitish throat-patch towards the roots of the ears form
some of the chief colour-differences.

h. Kobus defassa hawashensis, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,
1910, p. 413.

Typical locality Hawasli Valley, Abyssinia.

i. Kobus defassa powelli, Matschie, op. cit. p. 415, 1910.

Typical locality Laikipia Plateau, British East Africa.

j. Kobus defassa angusticeps, Matschie, op. cit. p. 416, 1910.
Typical locality Laikipia Plateau.

k. Kobus defassa nzoise, Matschie, op. cit. p. 417, 1910.

Typical locality Guasin-gishu Plateau, British East
Africa.

I. Kobus defassa raineyi, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi,
No. 13, p. 5, 1913.

Typical locality Amala Valley, British East Africa.

Type in U. S. National Museum.

A large form distinguished from tjcederi by the redder
general colour and smaller blackish nose-patch, which stops
short of line of eyes. Distinguished from nzoice by superior
size, narrower skull, and absence of rufous on nape of neck.

ra. Kobus defassa fulvifrons, Matschie, op. cit. p. 418, 1910.

Typical locality eastward of Kitosh, between the Nzoia
and Guaso-masa, British East Africa.

n. Kobus defassa avellanifrons, Matschie, op. cit. p. 419, 1910.

Typical locality near Kasindi, in the neighbourhood of
the mouth of the Semliki, Albert-Edward Nyanza.

238 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

o. Kobus defassa cottoni, Matschie, op. cit. p. 420, 1910.
Typical locality Kasindi.

p. Kobus defassa dianae, Matschie, op. cit. p. 421, 1910.

Typical locality Labelier, or Lobelia, about ten miles
from Kasindi.

q. Kobus defassa breviceps, Matschie, op. cit. p. 424, 1910.

Typical locality Pembe, on the Nile between Dufile and
Matete.

r. Kobus defassa albertensis, Matschie, op. cit. p. 426, 1910 ; no
description.

Typical locality Albert Nyanza.
s. Kobus defassa ladoensis, Matschie, op. cit. p. 426, 1910.

Typical locality between Dufile and Lado.
t. Kobus defassa griseotinctus, Matschie, op. cit. p. 427, 1910.

Typical locality Kerri, near Kero, north of Lado.

u. Kobus unctuosa uwendensis, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin,
vol. v, p. 570, 1911.

Typical locality near Isawa, eastern shore of Tanganyika.
Type in Berlin Museum.

A.— Kobus defassa defassa.

Cobus defassa typicus, Jackson, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 282, 1899 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 200, 1908.

Cobus unctuosus defassa, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8,
vol. xi, p. 267, 1913, errorim (op. cit. p. 495, note).

DEFASSA.

Typical locality near Lake Tana, Abyssinia.

General colour rufous brown, with the bases of the hairs
greyish white ; under-parts and inner sides of limbs white ;
forehead chestnut-red, sides of face and eye-streak white;
ears relatively long (about 8 inches) and pointed, rufous at

KEDUNCIN/K ' 239

back ; feet blackish brown, passing into black towards hoofs ;
tail (about 12 inches long, exclusive of tuft) coloured like
back above ; hairs 011 neck long and harsh. Fine horns
measure from about 29J to 33 inches in length, with a girth
of from 8 to 9J and a tip-to-tip interval of from 15J to about
21 inches.

The range of this race is generally considered to extend
from western Abyssinia, through Sennar, Kordofan, and the
Nile Valley, to the Bhar-el-Ghazal and Lado, and British
and German East Africa, but if some at least of the above-
mentioned forms are admitted to rank as races, it will have
to be more or less curtailed.

76. 9. 26. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Atbara Valley,
Abyssinia. Purchased (Gerrard), 1876.

76. 9. 26. 2. Skin, mounted, and skull, female. Same
locality. Same history.

76. 9. 26. 3. Skeleton. Same locality. Same history.

74. 11. 2. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Eoan Valley,
north-west Abyssinia, Purchased, 1874.

6. 11. 1. 59. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Zuay
(Zwai), Gallalanr] ; collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro. May belong
to hawashensis. Presented by W. N. McMillan, Esq., 1906.

9. 2. 10. 1. Head, mounted. Sudan.

Presented by K. O. B. Struve, Esq., 1909.

5. 9. 21. 6-7. Two skulls, with horns. Near Roseires,
Sennar, Blue Nile. Presented by Capt. E. de H. Smith, 1905.

2. 9. 4. 1. Skin, mounted. Southern Somaliland.

Presented by A. L. Butler, Esq., 1902.

0. 8. 6. 14. Skull and skin, female. White Nile. This
and the next two specimens should represent harnieri.

Presented by Capt. S. S. Flower, 1900.

0. 8. 6. 15. Immature skin. Same locality.

Same history.

0. 8. 6. 12-13. Two skins. Bahr-el-Jeref, Upper Nile.

Same history.

12. 11. 13. 12. Skull, with horns. Binder Valley, Sudan ;
collected by Capt. M. E. T. Gunthorpe.

Presented by Col. J. E. Gunthorpe, 1912.

98. 7. 2. 8-10. Skull, with horns, head-skin, and body-
skin. Lake Rudolf. This and the next three specimens

240 " CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

may belong to fulvifrons, which is stated by its describer
probably to occur in the neighbourhood of Lake Eudolf.

Presented ly H. Andrew, Esq., 1898.
4. 7. 2. 10-11. Two heads, mounted, and the associated
body-skins. Probably from the same district.

Bequeathed by If. Andrew, Esq., 1904.
97. 11. 21. 2. Head, mounted. East Africa.

Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1897.

12. 9. 18. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.

German East Africa, may be referable to adolfi-friderici of

Matschie. Presented ly Capt. W. Silver, 1912.

94. 1. 2. 3. Skin. Njiemps, Lake Baringo, British East

Africa. This and the next specimen may be referable to

angusticeps, which occurs near Lake Baringo.

Presented ly Dr. J. W. Gregory, 1894.

1. 8. 9. 70. Skull and head-skin, female. Lake Baringo.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.

1. 8. 9. 69. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.

Eavine Station, British East Africa. Eeferable, doubtless,

to one of the forms from this district described by Matschie.

Same history.
9. 7. 8. 6. Skin. Sobat Valley, southern Sudan.

Presented ly C. C. Toiver, Esq., 1909.
59. 9. 23. 4. Skull, with horns. Bahr-el-Ghazal. This,
and perhaps the preceding specimen, may represent Mat-
schie's ladoensis or griseotinctus.

Presented ly Consul J. PethericTc, 1859.
3. 6. 7. 1. Skin, mounted, albino female. Zambesia.
This specimen appears to be a true albino, with red eyes.

Presented ly R. H. Storey, Esq., 1903.

B.— Kobus defassa ug-andse.

Kobus unctuosus ugandae, O. Neumann, Sitzler. Ges. nat. Freunde,

1905, p. 92 ; Matschie, ibid. 1910, p. 409.
Cobus defassa ugandae, Lydekk&r, Game Animals of Africa, p. 200,

1908 ; Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910.
Kobus defassa ugandee, Hollister, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ivi,

no. 2, p. 5, 1910.

Typical locality Maianda Valley, northern Uganda.
Type in collection of Dr. 0. Neumann.

REDUNCIN^E 241

Described as being lighter-coloured than Jiarnieri* with
the forehead bright rufous and more sharply contrasting
with the body-colour than in either harnieri or matschiei.*
Size large. Horns more uniformly curved and longer than
in d. defassa, and thus closely approximating to those of
K. cllipsiprymnus. Fine horns measure from 31 to 36f inches
in length, with a girth of from 8J to 10£, and a tip-to-tip
interval of from 18 j to 36 inches.

The Semliki and Nyanza forms to which separate
names have been given by Matschie f are here regarded as
inseparable from this race,

63. 7. 7. 1. Head, mounted, Uganda. Noticed by Murie.
Proc. Zool Soc., 1863, p. 3.

Presented by Capt. J. H. Speke, 1863.

1. 8. 9. 124-5. Two skulls with horns. Toru, Uganda.
In the larger specimen (fig. 27) the length of the horns is
34| inches.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.

5. 4. 3. 19-20. Two skins. South-western Ankoli, Uganda ;
collected by Mr. W. G. Doggett.

Presented by Lieut. -Col. C. Delme-Radcliffe, 1905.

5. 4. 3. 21. Skeleton. Same locality and collector.

Same history.

12. 12. 16. 1. Skull, with horns. Ankoli.

Presented ly Sir F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1912.

C.— Kobus defassa unctuosus.

Cervus sing-sing, Bennett, Eep. Council Zool. Soc. 1832, p. 5, nomen

nudum.
Antilope koba, Ogilby, Penny Cyclopaedia, vol. i, p. 79, 1834, Proc.

Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 103, nee Erxleben.
Antilope sing-sing, WaterJiouse, Cat. Mamm. Mus. Zool. Soc. p. 41,

1838, nonien nudum.
Antilope unctuosa, Laurillard, Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 622,

1841 ; Wagner, Schreber's Saugthiere, Suppl. vol. iv, p. 434,

1844.

Kolus sing-sing, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 159, 1843.
Kobus sing-sing, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. xviii, p. 232,

1846, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 15, 1850, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850,

p. 131, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 99, 1852, Cat. Buminants

* Supra, p. 234. f IMd. p. 237.

II. R

242 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Brit. Mus. p. 15, 1872, Hand-List Euminants Brit. Mus. p. 87,

1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 262, 1862.
Antilope defassa, var. senegalensis, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere,

Suppl. vol. v, p. 435, 1855.
Adenota sing-sing, Fitzinger, Sitzber. 7t. Ah. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,

pt. 1, p. 174, 1869.

Cobus sing-sing, Sclater, List Anim. Zool. Gardens, p. 144, 1883.
Cobus unctuosus, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 726 ; Sclater and

Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 105, pi. xxxiii, 1896;

Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia,

p. 466, 1902.
Cobus defassa unctuosus, Arnold, Great and Small Game of Africa,

p. 276, 1899 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 197, 1910.
Cobus onctuosus, Trouessart, Cat. Mamm. vol. ii, p. 929, 1898,

(?) errorim.
Kobus defassa unctuosus, PococTc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, vol. i, p. 4

(hybrid).
Cobus defassa sing-sing, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 201,

1908.
Kobus unctuosus, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freundet 190"5,

p. 92.
Kobus unctuosa, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409.

SING-SING.

Typical locality Senegal.

General colour sandy brown, with the bases of the
hairs whitish; flanks browner, and contrasting strongly
with white rump-patch ; backs of ears, including margins,
blackish, inner surfaces filled with long white hairs ; hairs
of neck long, thin, and somewhat paler than back ; front of
face rather darker brown than back; feet blackish, with
narrow white hoof-bands ; tail thin, brown above, like back,
with a black tip, length about 14 inches. Fine horns
measure from 27 to 31J inches in length, with a girth of
7i to 10J, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 12 to 23 inches.

The distributional area is taken to include Senegal,
Gambia, Nigeria, the Shari Valley, Sierra Leone, and other
parts of West Africa. The Shari Valley sing-sing has,
however, been separated as tschadcnsis, and other named
forms in the list on pages 234-238 are also based on
modifications of the sing-sing.

61. 2. 10. 3. Skin, mounted. Gambia; collected by
Mr. J. Whitfield. Presented ly the Earl of Derby, 1861.

46. 11. 20. 12. Skull, female. Same locality and
collector. Same donor, 1846.

REDUNCIN.E 243

46. 10. 17. 2. Skeleton, immature. Same locality and

collector. Same history.

46. 10. 17. 3. Skin, mounted, young. Same locality

and collector. Same history.

46. 10. 17. 4. Skull, with horns, immature. Same

locality and collector. Same history.

FIG. 28. — SKULL AND HORNS OF SHARI DEFASSA
(Cobus def asset, unctuosus (?)).

57. 2. 24. 4. Skin. West Africa.

Purchased (Zoological Society), 1857.
57. 2. 24. 5. Skeleton, female. West Africa.

Same history.
5. 12. 10. 4. Skull, female. Lagos.

Presented ly W. A. Ross, Esq., 1905.
4. 8. 2. 91. Skin, female. Sierra Leone.

Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1904.

R 2

244 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

5. 5. 10. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Wase, Northern

Nigeria. Presented ly Dr. H. K. W. Kumm, 1905.

5. 5. 10. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality.

Same history.

1. 2. 25. 1. Skin. Niger Valley ; collected by Major J. A.

Bindon. Presented ~by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1901.

7. 7. 8. 237-238. Two skulls, with horns, and skins

(head-skins separate). Ibi, Northern Nigeria; collected by

the Alexander- Gosling Expedition.

Presented ~by the Alexander- Gosling Expedition, 1907.
7. 7. 8. 239-241. Three skulls with horns (fig. 27) and
head-skins. Shari Valley. These should be tschadensis.

Same collection and history.

D. — Kobus defassa crawshayi.

Cobus crawshayi, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 723 ; Sclater and

Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 109, pi. xxxiv, 1896 ;

Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia,

p. 466, 1902.
Cobus defassa crawshayi, Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa,

p. 280, 1899 ; LydekTcer, Game Animals of Africa, p. 201, 1908 ;

Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 196, 1910; Letcher, Big

Game N.E. Rhodesia, p. 206, 1911.
Kobus crawshayi, Matschie, Sitzler. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409.

Typical locality north side of Lake Mweru, north-east
Rhodesia.

General colour dark iron or srnoky grey, passing into
blackish on back of neck, lower portions of lirabs, and tail,
and forming a striking contrast to the large white rump-
patch; this colour becomes gradually lighter and more
greyish on flanks, and then merges into the whitish of the
under-parts. Fine horns measure from 27 to 31 J inches in
length, with a girth of from 7-J to 10J, and a tip-to-tip
interval ranging from 12 to 23 inches.

93. 7. 25. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. North shore
of Lake Mweru ; collected by E. Crawshay, Esq. Type.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1893.

93. 7. 25. 4. Skin and skull with horns. Same locality
and collector. Same history.

93. 7. 25. 5. Skin. Same locality and collector.

Same history.

REDUNCIN^E

94. 3. 8. 11. Skin. Same locality.

Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpc, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1894.
8. 2. 14. 11. Skull, with horns. South Angoniland.

Presented ly C. B. C. Storey, Esq., 1908.

E.— Kobus defassa penrieei.

Cobus penrieei, Pothschild, Novit. Zool. vol. ii, p. 32. pi. iv, 1895,

Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ;

Bryden, Field, vol. Ixxxvii, p. 653, 1896 ; Sclater and Thomas,

Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 113, pi. xxv, 1896.
Cobus defassa penrieei, Penrice, Great and Small Game of Africa,

p. 281, 1899 ; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 201, 1908 ;

Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 197, 1910.
Kobus penrieei, Matschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1910, p. 409>

Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. v, pt. 3, p. 564, 1911.

INCLUDING

Kobus penrieei frommi, Matschie, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. v,

pfc. 3, p. 563, 1911, western German E. Africa.
Kobus penrieei muenzneri, Matschie, op. cit. p. 567, 1911, German

E. Africa, east of Tankanyika.

Typical locality interior of Benguela, Angola.

Type in Tring Museum.

General colour deep brownish black, mingled with
reddish brown hairs, thus producing a blue-roan effect,
most marked on under-parts and back ; face black, except
at base of horns and between ears, where it is chestnut ; a
white patch on upper part of throat ; backs of ears rufous
brown, with blackish margins and tips ; lower part of legs
nearly uniform, black, with a narrow white hoof-band ; tail
black above and white beneath. Horns relatively short and
stout; fine Angolan specimens measuring from 24J to
29 inches in length, with a girth of from 8 to 8J, and a
tip-to-tip interval of from 9J to 20 inches.

If the above-mentioned forms named by Matschie are
really nearly related to the typical penricei, the range of the
race (or of nearly allied races) will include western German
East Africa.

0. 10. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Balomba
Valley, Angola. Presented ly G. W. Penrice, Esq., 1900.

0. 10. 14. 1. Skull and skin, female. Same locality ;
collected by G. W. Penrice, Esq. Purchased (Gcrrard), 1900.

246 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

2. SUBGENUS ONOTRAGUS.
Onotragus, Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 17, 1872.

Size intermediate between typical Kobus and Adenota ;
coat long and rough, not grizzled ; hair of back normal or
reversed; neck not heavily maned; horns comparatively
long and slender, sublyrate, with a more or less marked
double (sigmoid) flexure ; a single pair of inguinal pouches.

Distribution east southern and central eastern Africa.

The members of this group — whether regarded as distinct
species, or, as they may ultimately prove to be, local races
of the lechwe — appear to present an analogy in the matter
of coloration to the local forms of the typical species of the
subgenus Adenota ; rufous and foxy coloured forms inhabiting
the more open districts, while in the hot, moist region of the
swamps of the Sobat the colour changes to black. The
transition from the typical rufous lechwe, through Smithe-
man's lechwe, to the black Sobat form is, however, so far as
present information goes, less nearly complete — both in the
matter of colour and horn- shape — than in the members of
the kob group, and the various local forms are, therefore,
accorded, at least provisionally, "specific rank.

The four representatives of the group — of which the
second is provisionally recognised — may be distinguished as
follows : —

A. No white patch in front of withers.

a. Hair of back not reversed ; general colour

wholly or mainly fulvous.

a1. General colour wholly fulvous K. leche.

b1. Some black on bases of shoulders and neck K. robertsi.

b. Hair of back reversed; general colour of

back, shoulders, thighs and face more or

less blackish brown K. smitkemani.

B. A large white patch in front of withers K. maria.

III. KOBUS (ONOTKAGUS) LECHE.

Kobus leche, Gray, Knoivsley Menagerie, p. 23, 1850 ; Turner, Proc.

Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 174.
Adenota leche, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 130, Ann. Mag. Nat.

Hist. ser. 2, vol. viii, p. 212, 1851; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim.

247

ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 77, 1887; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool.
ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 71, 1897.

Adenota lechee, Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 97, 1852 ; Gerrard,
Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 237, 1862.

Heleotragus leche, Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 658.

Onotragus lechee, Gray, Cat. Euminants Brit. Mus. p. 17, 1872,
Hand-List Euminants Brit. Mus. p. 88, 1873.

Cobus leechi, BucUey, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 201.

Cobus lechee, Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 760, A Hunter's Wan-
derings in S. Africa, p. 220, 1881 ; Ward, Records of Big Game,
p. 90, 1892 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 728 ; Sclater and
Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 149, pi. xlii, 1896 ; Roth-
schild, Powell-Cotton 's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466,
1902.

Kobus lechee, Nicholls and Eglington, Sportsman in South Africa,
p. 42, 1892.

Cobus leche, Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 225, 1893, Great and
Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 218, 1908; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i,
p. 189, 1900 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 207, 1910.

Cobus lechi, Selous, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 299, 1899.
Cobus lechwe, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237.

LECHWE, LECHE, or LICHI.

Type of Onotragus.

Typical locality Zonga Valley, near Lake Ngami.

Size intermediate between that of the waterbuck and
that of the kob, the shoulder-height being about 40 or
41 inches. Hair coarse, rather long, and rough, that of
middle of back directed backwards ; hind surface of pasterns
bare. General colour light fulvous ; under-parts, from chin
downwards and backwards, white ; area above shoulders,
nape of neck, and region round eyes coloured like back ;
fronts of whole of fore-legs and those of hind-legs from the
hocks downwards, with the exception of a broad white band
above hoofs, black ; tail slender, with a black terminal tuft,
just reaching level of hocks. Horns long, moderately slender,
sublyrate in form, with an imperfect double, or sigmoid,
curve ; fine specimens measure from 29 to 33 J inches in
length, with a girth of from 7f to 9£, and a tip-to-tip interval
of from 18 (in one instance 15) to 27 inches.

The distributional area extends from Zarnbesia to Barot-
siland (North-west Ehodesia) and Nyasaland, and westwards
to Angola.

248

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

50. 7. 4. 2. Skin, mounted. Zonga Valley. Type.

Presented ly Capt. F. Vardon, 1850.

81. 4. 20. 1. Skin, mounted. Chobi Valley ; collected
by F. C. Selous, Esq. Head figured in The Book of Ante-
lopes, vol. ii, p. 151. Purchased, 1881.

FIG. 29. — HEAD OP THE LECHWE (Rebus [Onotragus] leche).

81. 7. 27. 2. Skull, with horns. Linyanti, Chobi Valley ;
same collector. Same history.

0. 11. 25. 1. Head, mounted (fig. 29). Barotsiland,
North-eastern Ehodesia.

Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1900.

99. 3. 21. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns, and skins.
Barotsiland. Presented ly R. T. Coryndon, Esq., 1899.

94. 3. 8. 9. Skull, with horns, and skin. Nyasaland;
collected by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1894.

KEDUNCIN.E 249

94. 3. 8. 9. Frontlet and horns. Same locality and

collector. Same history.

0. 8. 17. 1. Skull, with horns, and female head-skin.

Angola. Presented by G. W. Pen-rice, Esq., 1900.

IV. KOBUS (ONOTEAGUS) EOBEKTSI.

Cobus robertsi, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237 ; Lydekker,
Game Animals of Africa, Suppl. p. 12, 1911.

Typical locality district between Lakes Mweru and
Bangweolo, Northern Ehodesia.

Type in Tring Museum.

Stated to differ from typical lechwe by the presence of
black patches on sides of lower part of neck and fore portion
of shoulders, as well as by admixture of black hairs on
cheeks and sides of throat and neck. The horns are smaller
and less massive, with broader and more approximated
ridges.

As this lechwe occurs in company with the true lechwe,
it must be regarded — if anything more than a melanistic
phase — as a species rather than a race.

13. 11. 26. 1. Body- skin. Luena Valley, tributary of
the Kalungwisi, N.E. Ehodesia.

Presented by G. Elaine, Esq., 1913.

13. 11. 27. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Loango
Valley, N.E. Ehodesia.

Presented by 0. E. Wynne, Esq., 1913.

V. KOBUS (ONOTEAGUS) SMITHEMANI.

Cobus smithemani, LydeJcTcer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 982, pi. Ixxi,
Game Animals of Africa, p. 222, 1908 ; Rothschild, Powell-
Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Letcher,
Big Game N.E. Rhodesia, p. 189, 1911.

Cobus smithemanni, Rothschild, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 237.

Typical locality borders of Lake Mweru, Barotsiland,
Northern Ehodesia.

Nearly related to K. leche, but with the hair of back
reversed, and head, upper-parts, and fronts of limbs more or
less completely blackish brown in adult bucks ; elsewhere

250 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

rufous; horns somewhat intermediate in character between
those of leche and maria, showing a more decided sigmoid
flexure than in the former. Good horns measure from
20 to 24£ inches in length, with a girth of from 5J to 7, and
a tip-to-tip interval of from Hi to 18f inches.

Kobus rolertsi is stated to occur in the same area as the
typical smithemani, and according to Rothschild, leche is
likewise found in the same district, but this is denied by
Letcher, who mentions that while black lechwes swarm in
the swamps round Lake Tumbwa, North-east Ehodesia, he
never observed a single example of the true lechwe. Black
lechwes, he observes, appear to be restricted " to the immense
marshes which surround Lakes Bangweolo and Mweru and
Tumbwa in North-eastern Ehodesia, and in some parts of the
Lukanga Swamp in North-western Rhodesia." A specimen
entered below indicates, however, the extension of the range
into Congo territory.

99. 2. 22. 1. Skin. Near Lake Mweru. Type.

Presented ly T. Smitheman, Esq., 1899.

3. 11. 17. 2. Skin, mounted. Lake Mweru.

Presented ly the Hon. Walter Rothschild, 1903.

4. 2. 15. 2. Skull, with horns, and skin. Lake Bang-
weolo. Same donor, 1904.

2. 7. 21. 1. Head, female, mounted. Lake Mweru.

Presented ly R. T. Coryndon, Esq., 1902.
12. 3. 16. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Kashedi,
Ohambesi Valley, east of Lake Bangweolo.

Presented ly the Hon. W. Guinness, 1912.
7. 11. 28. 1. Skin. Lualaba Valley, Congo.

Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1907.
12. 12. 21. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Mukamba
Valley, North-east Rhodesia.

Presented ly 0. E. Wynne, Esq., 1912.
7. 11. 15. 1-2. Two skulls, with horns, and head-skins.
Chambesi Valley, Chinsola district.

Presented ly R. L. Henges, Esq., 1907.

7. 11. 15. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.

Same locality. Same history.

7. 11. 15. 9. Flat skin. Same locality. Same history.

KEDUNCIN^E 251

VI. KOBUS (ONOTEAGUS) MAEIA.

Adenota megaceros, Fitzinger (ex Heugliri), Sitzber. 7c. Ak. Wiss.
Wien, vol. xvii, p. 247, 1855, nomen nudum ; Heuglin, Nova
Ada Ac. Cces. Leop.-Car. vol. xxx, pt. 2, p. 14, pi. ii, figs. 7, 8,
1863 ; Marno, Beise JEgypt. JEquat. Prov. p. 40, 1878.

Kobus maria, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. iv, p. 296, 1859,
Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 16, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants
Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus.
p. 239, 1862 ; Petherick, Travels in Central Africa, vol. i, p. 159,
1869.

Kobus megaceros, Marno, Reise Geb. blauen u. weissen Nil, p. 387,
1874.

Cobus mariae, Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 91, 1892; Bryden,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 287, 1899; Thomas, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1900, p. 34.

Cobus maria, Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 224, 1893, Great and
Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Game Animals of Africa,
p. 205, 1908 ; Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii,
p. 121, pi. xxxvii, 1896 ; Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip
through Abyssinia, p. 466, 1902 ; Ward, Records of Big Game,
ed. 6, p. 198, 1910 ; Goldschmidt- Rothschild, Ber. Senckenberg.
Ges. vol. xliii, p. 1, pi. i, 1912.

Kobus mariae, Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 916.

Onototragus megaceros, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi,
No. 7, p. 12, 1913.

Typical locality Awan, Bahr-el-Ghazal.

Size rather less than that of leche ; shoulder-height about
38 inches. Hair of back reversed ; general colour dark
blackish brown in adult males ; chin and a narrow band on
upper lip, inner side of ears, a band on hind part of head,
sometimes continued down nape, a large patch above the
shoulders, middle of abdomen, inner sides of hind-legs, and
a broad band above hoofs white ; a spot in front of eyes,
and space between eyes and ears whitish; tail relatively
long and slender, reaching about to hocks, blackish brown
above, inclusive of whole terminal tuft, and white below ;
hoofs relatively long ; horns long and slender, heavily ridged
nearly to tips, inclining at first backwards, diverging and
curving forwards in the middle, and then bending back-
wards and inwards towards the tips, so as to form a
distinctly double, or sigmoid, flexure. Good horns measure
from 28 to 32 inches in length, with a girth of from 6J to
7J, and a tip-to-tip interval of from 12 to 21^ inches.

252

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

The distributional area includes the swamps of the White
Nile and neighbouring rivers.

59. 9. 22. 8. Skull, with horns (fig. 30), originally
mounted with head-skin. A wan, Bahr-el-Ghazal ; collected

FIG. 30.— SKULL AND HORNS OP MBS. GRAY'S LECHWE
(Kobus [Onotragus] maria).

by Consul J. Petherick. Type ; figured in The Book of
Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 123, from Gray's original illustration.

Purchased, 1859.

59. 9. 22. 9. Skull, female. Rek, Bahr-el-Ghazal ; same
collector. Co-type. Same history.

0. 8. 7. 6. Skin, mounted. White Nile.

Presented by Major H. N. Dunn, 1900.
0. 8. 6. 11. Skin. Lake No, Bahr-el-Ghazal.

Presented ly Capt. S. S. Mower, 1900.

KEDUNCIN.K 253

3. SUBGENUS ADENOTA.

Adenota, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 129; Pocock, Proc. Zool.
Soc. 1910, p. 915.

Relatively small antelopes, with short or moderately long
coat, not grizzled ; hair of back reversed ; neck not nianed ;
horns relatively short, sublyrate, without well-marked double
(sigrnoid) flexure ; a single pair of inguinal pouches.

Distribution Equatorial and Southern Africa.

The two species here recognised may be distinguished
as follows : —

A. Front of fore-legs black ; hair short Kobus kob.

B. Front of fore-legs rufous ; hair longer Kobus vardoni.

VII. KOBUS (ADENOTA) KOB.

Antilope kob, Erxleben, Syst. Regn. Anim. p. 293, 1777 ; Zimmermann,
Geogr. Geschichtet vol. ii, p. 124, 1780; Gatterer, Brev. Zool.
vol. i, p. 84, 1780 ; Ciivier, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. ii, p. 234, 1804 ;
Desmarest, Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat. vol. ii, p. 187, 1816, Mammal-
ogie, vol. ii, p. 457, 1822 ; Goldfuss, Schreber's Sdugthiere, vol. v,
p. 1240, 1818 ; Lesson, Man. Mamm. p. 375, 1827 ; /. B. Fischer,
Synop. Mamm. p. 463, 1829 ; Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 38,
Anat. Vertebrates, vol. iii, p. 634, 1868 ; Laurillard, Diet. Univ.
Hist. Nat. vol. i, p. 617, 1841 ; Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere,
Suppl. vol. iv, p. 435, 1844, vol. v, p. 432, 1855 ; Fraser, Zool.
Typ. pi. xx, 1849; Temminck, Esquiss. Zool. Guine, pp. 190
and 199, 1853.

Cerophorus (Gazella) kob, Blainville, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1816, p. 75.

Antilope forfex, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 221,
vol. v, p. 334, 1827; Lesson, Hist. Nat. Anim. vol. x, p. 209,
1836 ; Reichenbach, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 110, 1845.

Antilope adenota, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv,
p. 223, vol. v, p. 335, 1827 ; A. Smith, S. African Quart. Journ.
vol. ii, p. 209, 1834 ; Reichenbach, Sdugethiere, vol. iii, p. 110,
1845.

Kobus adansoni, A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Africa, Mamm. text to
pi. xxix, 1840.

Antilope annulipes, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. x, p. 262,
1842.

Adenota kob, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 14, pis. xiv and xv, 1850,
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 129, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2,
vol. viii, p. 211, 1851, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 96, 1852, Cat.
Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 17, 1872, Hand-List Ruminants Brit.
Mus. p. 87, 1873 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 238,
1862; Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix, pt. 1,
p. 174, 1869 ; Jentink, Cat. Osteol. Leyden Mus. (Mus. Pays-
Bas, vol. ix) p. 130, 1887, Cat. Mamm. Leyden Mus. (op. cit.

254 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

vol. xi) p. 152, 1892; Matschie, Mitt, deutsch. Schutzgebiete,
vol. vi, p. 17, 1893 ; Potisargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7,
vol. iv, p. 58, 1897 ; 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,
1905, p. 91 ; Pocock, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 915 ; Heller,
Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 11, 1913; Rothschild,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii, p. 574, 1913.

Adenota buffoni, Fitzinger, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. li, pt. 1,
p. 174, 1869.

Adenota ammlipes, Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv,
pp. 53 and 73, 1897.

Cobus kob, LydekJcer, Field, vol. Ixxvii, p. 980, 1891, Horns and
Hoofs, p. 224, 1893 ; Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 638 ;
Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 2, p. 197, 1896 ; Sclater and
Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 137, pi. xl, 1896; Arnold,
Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 291, 1899; Rothschild,
Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 469, 1902.

Adenota koba, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde, 1905, p. 91.

Cobus cob, Lydeliker, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 794, Great and Small
Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile,
vol. ii, p. 392, 1907.

Cobus coba, Lydekker. Game Animals of Africa, p. 210, 1908 ; Ward,
Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 203, 1910.

KOB.

Type of Adenota.

Typical locality Upper Guinea.

A variable species, ranging in shoulder-height from about
34 to 36 inches, and in colour from rich orange fulvous, or
foxy red, to dark blackish brown in adult bucks, with more
or less white in the region of the eye ; coat short and sleek,
reversed on middle of back from loins to neck ; front of
fore-legs black, and frequently a white hoof-band ; muzzle,
lips, chest, under-parts, and inner sides of upper portions of
limbs white.

The distribution embraces Equatorial Africa from Guinea
to Uganda.

The existence of a more or less complete transition in
the matter of colouring from the typical red K. koba to the
dark blackish brown K. k. leucotis was pointed out in 1908 by
the writer, who did not, however, then propose to class the
latter and the intermediate types as local races of the former.
Subsequent information has, however, convinced him that
this is the proper course to adopt.

Evidence of such a gradation is afforded by the skulls
and head-skins of two kobs from the Bahr-el-Ghazal,

KEDUNCIN^E 255

probably referable to K. k. nigroscapulatus, which came
under the writer's observation in 1911. One of these,
obtained near the junction of the Bahr-el-Arab with the
Bahr-el-Ghazal, was (as shown by the worn cheek-teeth) an
older buck than the other ; it had blackish markings on the
sides of the neck, and the tips of the backs of the ears fawn,
but the rest dirty white — quite different from the pure
white of leucotis. The second and younger buck, killed
on the Jur Eiver (also in the northern portion of the
Bahr-el-Ghazal), had no black on the neck, and the ears
were foxy throughout. In both specimens, which were
killed during August and September, the horns were stouter,
shorter, and less curved than those of leucotis, and, there-
fore, more like those of thomasi. Both apparently belong
to the same race, the differences in colour being due to
difference in age, and they seem to indicate a race inter-
mediate between the leucotis type on the one hand, and
thomasi on the other.

Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 12, accepts
the view that all the Nile kobs are races of Kobus kob.

The following is a tentative key to the named races, some
of which are only provisionally recognised as such :—

A. Backs of ears fulvous; white orbital area
usually small.

a. Size relatively large.

a1. Horns short, slender, and long-
pointed ; light patch above eye
narrow, and that below eye pale
buff K. k. thomasi.

bl. Horns stouter, short-pointed, and
puku-like ; no white above eye . . .
K. k. loderi (including pousarguesi) .

b. Size (typically) smaller.

a1. General colour wholly fulvous.

a2. Size smaller ; a bumsh white area

above eye K. k. kob.

fc2. Size rather larger; flanks paler;

skull narrower K. k. adolfi.

c2. Size smaller; flanks darker K. k. bar-keetoe.

d2. Horns larger and heavier, general
colour paler, and white patch
above eye pure, and extending
below end of tear-duct K. k. neumanni.

256 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

bl. Some dark colouring, at least occa-
sionally, on body or neck.
a1. Upper-parts in some cases dusky K. k. nigricans.

bl. Hind-quarters black-speckled K. ~k. ubangiensis.

B. Backs of ears often partially white ; white
of orbital region larger ; ears frequently
wanting black tips.

a. Size small ; white orbital area medium K. 7c. alurce.

b. Size large ; whole orbital region white K. If. notatus.

c. Backs of ears white ; white of orbital region
large.

a. General colour in dark phase blackish

brown mingled with fulvous hairs ... K. k. nigroscapulatus.

b. General colour (in adult males) deep

black K. It. leucotis.

In addition to the above, the name Adenota mengesi has
been proposed by 0. Neumann (Sitzber. G-es. nat. Freunde,
1900, p. 560), on the evidence of a horn of a light, slender
gazelle-like type from southern Somaliland.

A.— Kobus kob kob.

Cobus coba typicus, Ward, Eecords of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 200, 1910.
Adenota kob kob, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi,
p. 497, 1913.

BUFFON'S, or WESTERN KOB.

Typical locality Upper Guinea.

Size relatively small, the shoulder-height being about
34 inches. General colour orange fulvous, with a whitish
ring round each eye and another round base of each ear ; the
ears themselves being fulvous on the back, with indistinct
black tips, and white internally ; an indistinct blackish stripe
down front of fore-legs from some distance above knees to
hoofs, usually interrupted by a white band just above the
latter ; hind-legs similarly marked, but the black commencing
about middle of shanks. Horns relatively small, good
specimens measuring from 19 to 21| inches in length, with
a girth of from 6 to 7f , and a tip-to-tip interval of from
5J to 14^ inches.

The distributional area extends from Gambia to Nigeria.

The writer follows 0. Neumann in considering annulipes
(p. 254) as inseparable from the present race.

257

46. 11. 20. 9. Imperfect skull, very young female.
Gambia ; collected by Mr. J. Whitfield.

Presented by the Earl of Derby, 1846.

46. 11. 2. 21. Skull, with horns, immature and imperfect.
Same locality and collector. Same history.

46. 11. 2. 10. Skin, immature female. Same locality
and collector. Same history.

FIG. 31. — SKULL AND HORNS OF WESTERN KOB (Kobus hob).

46. 10. 17. 5. Skin, immature, mounted. Same locality

and collector. Same history.

46. 10. 23. 15. Skin, immature female. Same locality

and collector. Same history.

8. 5. 14. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Gambia.

Presented by W. B. Stanley, Esq., 1908.
64. 6. 15. 2. Head, immature, mounted. West Africa;
collected by Mr. Dalton, probably in Gambia.

Purchased, 1864.

II. S

258 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

65. 5. 3. 11. Skull, with horns. West Africa, probably
Gambia; same collector. Purchased (Stevens), 1865.

95. 8. 25. 4. Skin. Lukoja, Northern Nigeria.

Presented by Lieut. -Col. Sir F. J. D. Lu.f/anL
K.C.M.G., C.B., 1895.

95. 8. 25. 5-6. Two skulls, with horns, immature. Same

locality. Same collector.

5. 5. 10. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin. Wase, Northern

Nigeria. Presented by Dr. If. K. W. Kumm, 1905.

5. 5. 10. 8-9. Two skins. Same locality. Same history.

7. 7. 8. 241-244. Four skulls, with horns, and head-skins.

Ibi, Northern Nigeria; collected during Alexander-Gosling

Expedition.

Presented by the Alexander- Gosling Expedition, 1907.
13. 8. 3. 6. Skull, with horns and skin. Upper Gambia.
Presented by G. Blaine, Esq., 1913.
13. 8. 3. 7. Skull, with horns. Same locality.

Same liixtoi'u.

B. — Kobus kob nigrieans,

Cobus nigrieans, Lydekker, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 794, pi. liii,
Game Animals of Africa* p. 214, 1908.

Typical locality Sierra Leone.

A provisional race characterised by the dusky colour of
the type specimen (a female), the hair on the middle of the
back being chocolate-brown, while that on the flanks is
tawny, passing into white on the under-parts ; other
specimens from the same district are, however, of the fulvous
colour of the typical race.

99. 6. 23. 8. Skull and skin, female. Kafari, 80 miles
north-west of Freetown, Sierra Leone. Type.

Purchased (Gerrard), 1899.

99. 6. 23. 6. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Sierra Leone Hinterland. Same history.

99. 6. 23. 5. Skull and skin, female, immature. Same
locality. Same history.

99. 6. 23. 7. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature.
Same locality. Same history.

99. 6. 23. 4. Skin, mounted. Same locality. The hair
is wholly fulvous (rufous), as in typical race. Same history.

REDUNCIN^S 259

C.— Kobus kob adolfi, num. n.

Adenota kob adolfi-friderici, Schwarz, Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi,
p. 496, 1913, nee Kobus adolfi-friderici, Matschir.

Typical locality German side of the mouth of the Shari,
Bornu, north-west Africa,

Type in Senckenberg Museum, Frankfort-am-Maine.

Described as larger than typical race, with the flank-zone
paler, the horns stouter, and the skull relatively narrower.
General colour fulvous (bistre), darker posteriorly, lighter on
the shoulders and neck, and face flank-zone yellowish buff
(maize-yellow), darkening on thighs ; hoof- bands broad and
yellowish ; otherwise much as in typical race.

No specimen in collection.

D.— Kobus kob bahr-keetae.

Adenota kob bahr-keetae, Schwar*, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi,
p. 497, 1913.

Typical locality Bahr Keeta, north-east of Fort Archam-
bault, Upper Shari district, north-west Africa.

Type in Senckenberg Museum.

Stated to be rather smaller than preceding race, with
darker flank-zone, and weaker, somewhat deflected horns.
General colour deep fulvous (brownish terra-cotta), darker
posteriorly, lighter on shoulders, neck, and face ; flank-zone
light fulvous, darkening on thighs (buff); otherwise as in
typical race.

No specimen in collection.

E. — Kobus kob ubangiensis.

Adenota kob ubangiensis, Schwarz, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8,
vol. xi, p. 498, 1913.

Typical locality Duma, near Libenge, Ubangui (Ubangi)
Valley, north-west Africa.

Type in Senckenberg Museum.

Darker than preceding race, with a distinct black suffusion.
General colour much like the " ru ochre " of the " Report de
Couleurs," but somewhat more brownish, and distinctly but

s 2

260 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

finely speckled with black, especially posteriorly ; uo speckling
on legs, neck, shoulders, and face ; flank-zone " cinnamon,"
thighs only slightly darker ; black markings and distribution
of white as in preceding race.

Schwarz remarks that this and the two preceding forms
are very closely allied, aud that more material from inter-
mediate localities will certainly show them to intergrade, but
the extremes at hand are different enough from each other to
deserve subspecific rank.

F.— Kobus kob alurse.

Adenota kob alurae, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7»
p. 11, 1913.

Typical locality Lado Enclave.

Type in U. S. National Museum.

Similar in colour to the next race, but smaller, approaching
in this respect the typical kob ; the hair is also shorter, the
skull is smaller and flatter, the hoofs are shorter, and the
white area round the eyes is very much larger, including
the whole orbital region, while the backs of the ears show a
tendency to whiteness, being in some cases uniformly buff,
without black tips.

No specimen in collection.

G.— Kobus kob loderi.

Cobus vardoni loderi, Lydekker, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 984, Game

Animals of Africa, p. 215, 1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game>

p. 212, 1910.
Cobus loderi, Rothschild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through

Abyssinia, p. 467, 1902.
(?) Adenota pousarguesi, 0. Neumann, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freunde,

1905, p. 91.
(?) Cobus coba pousarguesi, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa^

p. 210, 1908.

Typical locality unknown.

Type in collection of Sir E. G. Loder, Leonardslee.
Horsham, Sussex.

Described from a skull and horns, the latter of which are
characterised by their stoutness and the shortness of their
tips, and carry seventeen ridges ; in form they are inter-

REDUXCIN^E

261

mediate between those of typical kob and those of vardoni.
They measure 21* inches in length, with a girth of 8 inches.
and a tip-to-tip interval of 8£ inches.

Adenota pousarguesi, of which the typical locality is the
Sanaga Valley, southern Oameruns, differs from typical kob

FIG. 32. — SKULL (WANTING LOWER JAW) AND HOENS OF

LODEB'S KOB (Kobus bob loderi).

From Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 983.

by the darker rufous of the coat, the absence of white 'above
the eye, and the stouter and less elegantly curved horns,
which have shorter tips, and in general form are intermediate
between those of typical kob and those of vardoni.
* According to Ward's measurement.

262

CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

With the present information it seems impossible to
distinguish loderi from pousarguesi ; but if they be not
identical, the latter will, of course, be entitled to rank as
another race of the present species.

No specimen in the collection.

H.— Kobus kob neumanni.

FIG. 33.— HEAD AND NECK OP ALBERT NYANZA KOB

(Kobus kob neumanni).
From a photograph lent by Rowland Ward, Ltd.

Adenota kob neumanni, Rothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8,
vol. xii, p. 575, 1913.

Typical locality Albert Nyanza.

Type in Tring Museum.

Paler than typical kob, with the white above eye pure

REDUNC1N.K 263

(instead of huffish) and continued downwards to U'low end
of face-gland duct ; size large ; horns long and heavy.

1. 7. 15. 1. Skull, with horns. Albert Edward Nyan/n.
/'irxcntcd by J. E. S. Moore, Esq., 1901.
4. 3. 25. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. South end of
Albert Nyanza. Topo-type.

Presented by J. J. Behrens, Esq., 1904.
1. 8. 9. 77. Skin. Semliki Plains, between Albert and
Albert Edward Nyanza.

Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.

94. 5. 4. :•». Skull, with horns. South-west of Albert

Nyanza. Presented by Lieut. -Col. Sir F. J. D. Lugard,

K.C.M.G., C.B., 1894.

12. 9. 14. 1. Skin, mounted. Near Guasin-gishu, British
East Africa. The backs of the ears are mainly fulvous and
the white orbital areas large.

Presented by C. Bulpett, Esq., 1912.

I. — Kobus kob notatus.

Adenota kob notata, Rothschild, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xii,
p. 575, 1913.

Typical locality Gebel Achmed Agha, Upper White Nile.

Type in Tring Museum.

General colour fulvous; white orbital area extending
from base ofhorns half-way down to nose; no black ear tip
(which is present in most or all of preceding races) ; horns
long and slender.

0. 8. 6. 16. Skull, with horns, and skin, immature,
provisionally referred to this race. White Nile.

Presented bij Capt. S. S. Flower, 1900.

0. 8. 6. 17. Skin, immature female. Same locality.

Same history.

1. 4. 22. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin (head-skin
separate). Gebel Achmed Agha, White Nile. Topotype.

Presented by E. N. Buxton, Esq., 1901.

1. 4. 22. 1. Head-skin and skull, with horns. Same

locality. Same history.

264 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

J.— Kobus kob thomasi.

Kobus leucotis, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 103, nee Lichten-
stein and Peters.

Kobus kob, Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 91, 1892; Lugard, East
Africa, vol. i, p. 538, 1893 ; Jackson, Big Game Shooting (Bad-
minton Libr.) vol. i, p. 296, 1894 ; Scott-Elliot, Proc. Zool. Soc.
1895, p. 341 ; ncc Antilope kob, Erxleben.

Adenota kob, Matschie, Sdugethiere DeutscJi-Ostafrika, p. 126, 1895.

Adenota koba, Matschie, op. cit. p. 147, 1895.

Cobus thomasi, Sclater (ex Neumann), Proc. Zool. Soc. 1895, p. 868 ;
Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 2, p. 128, 1896 ; Sclater and
Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii. p. 131, pi. xxxix, 1896 ;
Lydekker, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 269, 1899 ;
Jackson, ibid. p. 289; Rothschild, Powell- Cotton's Trip through
Abyssinia, p. 467, 1902 ; Alexander, From Niger to Nile, vol. ii,
p. 392, 1907.

Adenota thomasi, O. Neumann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1896, p. 193, Sitzber.
Ges. nat. Freunde, 1900, p. 560 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat.,
Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 74, 1897 ; Cabrera, Cat. Met. Mam. Mus.
Madrid, p. 126, 3912.

Cobus coba thomasi, Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 211,
1908 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 205, 1910.

Kobus cob thomasi, Roosevelt, African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910.

Adenota kob thomasi, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7,
p. 11, 1913.

Cobus (Adenota) thomasi, Revilliod, Verh. nat. Ges. Basle, vol. xxiv,
p. 210, 1913.

Typical locality Berkeley Bay, Victoria Nyanza.

Similar in general character and marking to typical kob,
but considerably larger — shoulder-height about 35J inches —
and the markings more distinct, those of the legs being a
deeper black, light orbital region narrow and white above eye,
pale buff below. Horns short and slender, with long tips ;
fine specimens measuring from 20 to 24£ inches, with a girth,
usually, of from about 6 to 7f inches (occasionally 8 j or 8J-),
and a tip-to-tip interval of from 5 to 16^ inches. In the
plate in The Book of Antelopes the white hoof-bands are not
shown.

The range includes Kavirondo and the neighbouring
districts.

94. 3. 14. 2. Body-skin. Berkeley Bay, Victoria
Nyanza; collected by E. Gedge, Esq. Pertains to same
animal as the type head (P.Z.S. 1895, p. 865, fig.), which
was then in Mr. Gedge's collection.

Presented ly J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1894.

91. 1. 0. 1. Skin, mounted, and skull. Kavinnulo, East
Central Africa.

Presented by >SYr F. J. Jackson, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1891.
63. 7. 7. 8. Head, mounted. Uganda.

/'wtttcd ly dipt. J. H. Spcke, 1863.
95. 3. 5. 6. Skin. Uganda.

Presented by G. F. Scott-Elliot, Esq., 1895.
95 3. 5. 8. Skull, with horns. Same locality.

Same history.

1. 8. 9. 126. Skull, with horns. Toro, Uganda.
Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1901.

2. 4. 8. 5. Skull, with horns. Kagera Valley, Ankoli,
south- west Uganda. Presented by Capt. Fisher, 1902.

K.- Kobus kob nigroseapulatus.

Adenota nigroscapulata, Malschie, Sitzber. Ges. nat. Freundc, 1899,

p. 15; Heller, Smith son. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 12,

1913.
Cobus nigroseapulatus, Rothschild, Powell- Cotton's Sporting Trip

through Abyssinia, p. 467, 1902.
Cobus vaughani, Lydekkert Field, vol. cviii, p. 693, 1906, Game

Animals of Africa, p. 207, 1908; Ward, Eecords of Big Game,

ed. 6, p. 202, 1910; Selous, Field, vol. cxviii, p. 551, 1911.
Cobus coba nigroseapulatus, Lyd either, Game Animals of Africa,

p. 210, 1908.
Adenota [kob] vaughani, Heller, Smithson. Misc. Collect, vol. Ixi,

no. 7, p. 12, 1913.
Kobus vaughani, Eoosevelt, S. African Game Trails, p. 487, 1910.

Typical locality Bahr-el-Ghebel, a little west of the
Mongalla district of the Sudan.

Type in Zoological Museum, Darmstadt.

General colour-pattern similar to that of next race
{leucotis}, but dark area in black phase much mixed with
fulvous hairs ; light phase (vaughani) fulvous. The type
specimen was probably in the intermediate stage, being
described as having an oval black spot on the nose, and a
broad black band on each side of the neck bordering the
white of the chest. Heller regards this form as inseparable
from leucotis.

6. 7. 13. 1. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Khor
Lowala, between Mongalla and Gondokoro.

Presented "by Cravford Logan, J£#q., 1906.

266 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

60. 4. 20. 5. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Bahr-el-
Ghazal Valley ; collected by Consul J. Petherick. The
reference of this and the five following specimens to this race
is provisional. Purchased (Stevens), 1860.

60. 4. 20. 6. Skull, with horns, and head-skin. Same
locality and collector. Same history.

59. 9. 25. 5. Skull, with horns, and skin. Awan, Bahr-
el-Ghazal ; same collector. Purchased, 1859.

59. 9. 25. 6. Skull, immature. Eek, Bahr-el-Ghazal;
same collector. Same history.

59. 9. 25. 7. Skull, female. Same locality and collector.

Same history.

8. 6. 25. 1. Head, mounted. Bahr-el-Ghazal.

Presented by Norman B. Smith, Esq., 1908.

12. 0. 25. 1. Skull, with horns, and skin. Bahr-el-Ghazal
Valley. Presented by Capt. Hunter Little, 1912.

6. 10. 20. 1. Head mounted; fulvous phase. Wau,
Bahr-el-Ghazal. Type of vaughani. In this specimen the
general type of colouring is very similar to that of leucotis,
both surfaces of the ears, and a large patch extending from
them to surround each eye, the muzzle, chin, and upper
part of throat, as well as the lower portion of the chest, being
white ; elsewhere general colour of head bright fulvous (foxy
red), with a tinge of brown along middle of nose ; base of
ears externally fulvous, and white area between eye and ear
rather smaller than in next race.

Presented by Capt. P. E. Vauyhan, 1906.

L. Kobus kob leucotis.

Antilope leucotis, Lichtenstein and Peters, Monatsber. Alt. Berlin,
1853, p. 164, Abh. Ak. Berlin, p. 96, 1854; Schweinfurth, Im
Herzen Afrilca, vol. i, p. 213, vol. ii, p. 533, 1874 ; Huet, Bull.
Soc. Acclim. ser. 4, vol. iv, p. 38, 1887 ; Emin, Reise-Briefe,
pp. 99 and 206, 1888 ; Junker, Travels in Africa, p. 441, 1891.

Adenota lechee, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. iv, p. 296,
1859, ncc cjusdem, 1850.

Kobus leucotis, Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 239t
1862 ; Gray, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 16, 1872, Hand-List
Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 87, 1873.

Adenota leucotis, Heuglin, Nova Acta Ac. Cces. Leop.-Car. vol. xxx,
pt. 2, pp. 12 and 13, pi. i, fig. 4, 1863 ; Heller, Smithson. Misc.
Collect, vol. Ixi, no. 7, p. 11, 1913, as a race of bob.

BKDUNCIN^ 2G7

(?) Adenota kul and A. wuil, Hi-mjlin, loc. cit.

Hydrotragus leucotis, Fitzinger, Sitzbcr. A\ Ak. Wiss. Wien, vol. lix,
pt. 1, p. 175, 1869.

Cervicapra leucotis, Baker, [smailia, vol. ii, p. 531, 1874.

Cobus leucotis, Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 91, 1892, cd. 6,
p. 200, 1910 ; Lydekker, Horns and Hoofs, p. 224, 1893, Great
and Small Gams of Africa, p. 269, 1899, Field, vol. cviii. p. 138,
1906, Game Animals of Africa, p. 206, 1908; Sclater and
Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 127, pi. xxxviii, 1896 ;
Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 287, 1899 ;
Thomas, Proc. ZooL Soc. 1900, p. 85 ; Rothschild, Powell-
Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 467, 1902.

Cobus (Adenota) leucotis, Revilliod, Vcrh. nat. Ges. Basle, vol. xxxiv,
p. 210, 1913.

Typical locality swamps of the White Nile, about sixty
miles below Khartum.

Type in Zoological Museum, Berlin.

Size approximately the same as in thorn asi. General
colour — in adult bucks — deep black ; a large patch round the
eyes and ears of each side, the whole of the backs of the
ears, the muzzle, chin, and upper part of throat, together
with chest and inner sides of upper portion of limbs, white ;
fronts of fore-legs and lower part of those of hind pair, with
the exception of a broad white hoof-band to each, blackish ;
horns relatively slender. Young males, and apparently
females at all ages, fulvous. Good horns measure from 21 to
22$ inches in length (in one case, if rightly determined, 24£),
with a girth of from 6 to 7J inches, and a tip- to- tip interval
of from 6jj- to 15 J inches. Whether some or all adult bucks
assume a seasonal fulvous phase is not known.

The range embraces the swamps of the Upper Nile region,
inclusive of the Sobat.

0. 8. 7. 3. Skin, mounted. White Nile. This and the
two following specimens appear to be in some degree inter-
mediate between typical leucotis and nigroscapulatus.

Presented by Major H. N. Dunn, 1900.

0. 8. 7. 4. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality.

Same history.

0. 8. 7. 5. Skin. Same locality. Same history.

268 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

VIII. KOBUS (ADENOTA) VAKDONI.

Antilope vardoni, Livingstone, Missionary Travels S. Africa, p. 256
and pi. p. 71, 1857.

Heleotragus vardonii, Kirk, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1864, p. 657.

Cobus vardoni, Selous, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1881, p. 759, pi. Ixv,
A Hunter's Wanderings in S. Africa, pp. Ill, 147 and 219,
pi. v, 1881, Great and Small Game of Africa, p. 294, 1909;
Ward, Eecords of Big Game, p. 9, 1892, ed. 6, p. 211, 1910;
Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1892, p. 98, 1893, p. 728 ; Lydekker,
Horns and Hoofs, p. 227, 1893, Great and Small Game of
Africa, p. 269, 1899, Game Animals of Africa, p. 215, 1908;
Sclater and Thomas, Book of Antelopes, vol. ii, p. 141, pi. xli,
1896; W. L. Sclater, Fauna S. Africa, Mamm. vol. i, p. 191,
1900 ; Rothschild, Powell- Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abys-
sinia, p. 467, 1902 ; Letcher, Big Game N.E. Rhodesia, p. 197,
1911.

Eleotragus vardoni, Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. 1887, p. 48 ; Matschie.
Sitzber. Ges.nat. Freunde, 1891, p. 138.

Kobus vardoni, Nicholls and Eglington, Sportsman in S. Africa, p. 43,
1892.

Adenota vardoni, Matschie, Sdugethiere Deutsch-Ostafrika, p. 126,
1895 ; Pousargues, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. ser. 7, vol. iv, p. 72,
1897.

PUKU, POOKOO, or POKU.

Typical locality apparently the Chobi Valley, Zambesia.

Distinguished from all the races of the preceding species
by the absence of black markings on the legs, the longer and
rougher coat, and the practical or complete absence of white
hoof-bands. General colour very similar to that of K. kdb
thomasi, the white orbital area being small, and the backs
of the ears fulvous, with black tips. Horns relatively short
and stout ; good specimens measure from 18 to 20f inches
in length, with a girth of from 6J to 8J. and a tip-to-tip
interval of from 4 to 17 inches.

The range extends from the Zambesi and Chobi Valleys,
through Barotsiland, to Lakes Mweru and Bangweolo.

The two races (exclusive of loderi, which is classed above
as a race of kob) are distinguished as follows : —

A. Size larger, shoulder-height about 35£ inches ;

black ear-tips small K. v. vardoni.

B. Size smaller ; black ear-tips larger, and general

colour darker K. v. senganus.

REDUNCIN^E 269

A.— Kobus vardoni vardoni.

Cobus vardoni typicus, Selous, Great and Small Game of Africa.
p. 294, 1899; Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 211, 1910.

Typical locality apparently the Chobi Valley.

Shoulder-height about 35 J inches ; black ear-tips small.

81.4. 20. 2. Skin, mounted. Umparvia, Chobi Valley ;
collected by F. C. Selous, Esq. Purchased, 188L

81. 4. 20. 3. Skin, mounted, female. Same locality and
collector. Same history.

63. 8. 4. 2. Frontlet and horns. Zambesia ; collected by
G. W. Clapp, Esq. Purchased, 1863.

93. 7. 25. 6. Skull, with horns. Lake Mweru ; collected
by R Crawshay, Esq.

Presented ly Sir H. H. Johnston, tt.C.M.G., K.C.B., 1893.

93. 7. 25. 7. Skull, with horns. Same locality and col-
lector. Same history.

94. 3. 8. 10. Skull, with horns, and skin. Same locality ;
collected by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.O.M.G. Purchased, 1894.

2. 4. 21. 1. Skin, mounted. Same locality; collected by
U. T. Coryndon, Esq. Purchased (Ward), 1902.

8. 7. 12. 1. Head, mounted. Choma district, Lake
Mweru. Presented by J. Rowland Ward, Esq., 1908.

1. 5. 3. 3. Skull, with horns, and skin. Loangwa Valley,
Lake Mweru. Presented by AJ. T. Coryndon, Esq., 1901.

6. 5. 2. 3. Skin. Loangwa Valley.

Presented by H. Cookson, Esq., 1906.

7. 11. 15. 5. Skull, with horns, and head-skin, immature.
Kahmgwisi Valley, Lake Mweru.

Presented by R. L. Hargcr, Esq., 1907.

12. 3. 16. 2. Skull, with horns. Lipashoski Valley, Lake

Bangweolo. Presented by the Hon. W. Guinness, 1912.

98. 5. 22. 24. Skull and skin, female. Urori, Nyasaland.

Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G., C.B., 1898.

B.— Kobus vardoni senganus.

Cobus senganus, Sclater and Thomas, Booh of Antelopes, vol. ii,
p. 145, 1896 ; LydeJcker, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 794 ; Roth-
xchild, Powell-Cotton's Sporting Trip through Abyssinia, p. 467,
1902.

Cobus vardoni senganus, Bryden, Great and Small Game of Africa,
p. 299, 1899; Lydekker, Game Animals of Africa, p. 215, 1908.

270 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES

Typical locality Senga, Upper Loangwa Valley, west of
north end of Lake Nyasa. Smaller and darker coloured
(especially on head) than typical race, with the black of ear-
tips occupying fully one-third the length of backs of ears,
instead of being restricted to summits.

96. 9. 15. 1. Skull and skin, female. Upper Loangwa
Valley. Type. Presented by R. Crawsliay, Esq., 1896.

99. 3. 21. 4. Skin, mounted, female. Barotsiland, north-
west Ehodesia. Presented ~by E. T. Coryndon, Esq., 1899.

99. 3. 21. 3. Frontlet, with horns, and skin. Same locality.

Same history.

8. 2. 14. 18. Skin. Near junction of Bua and Eusa
Elvers, South Angoniland.

Presented ly C. B. C. Storey, Esq., 1908.

INDEX
OF GENERA AND SPECIES

abyssioica nyansae, Sylvicapra,

118

abyssinica, Sylvicapra, 117
abyssinicus, Cephalophus, 117
abyssinicus, Cephalophus grimmi,

117
abyssinicus hindei, Cephalophus,

119

abyssinicus shirensis, Cephalo-
phus, 120

aceratos, Oreotragus, 130
aceratos, Oreotragus oreotragus,

130

aceratos, Oreotragus saltator, 130
Acronotus, 3
Acronotus bubalis, 5
Acronotus caama, 25
Acronotus lelwel, 19
Acronotus lunatus, 37
acuticornis, Antilope, 147
acuticornis, Antilope (Eaphice-

rus), 147
acuticornis, Cerophorus (Cervi-

capra), 147
adansoni, Kobus, 253
Adenota, 253
Adenota annulipes, 254
adenota, Antilope, 253
Adenota buffoni, 254
Adenota kob, 253, 264
Adenota kob adolfi-friderici, 259
Adenota kob alurse, 260
Adenota kob bahr-lkeetae, 259
Adenota kob kob, 256
(Adenota) kob, Kobus, 253
Adenota kob neumanni, 262
Adenota kob notata, 263
Adenota kob thomasi, 264
Adenota kob ubangiensis, 259
Adenota [kob] vaughani, 265
Adenota koba, 254, 264
Adenota kul, 267
Adenota leche, 246
Adenota lechee, 247, 266
Adenota leucotis, 266

(Adenota) leucotis, Cobus, 267

Adenota megaceros, 251

Adenota nigroscapulata, 265

Adenota pousarguesi, 260

Adenota sing-sing, 242

Adenota thomasi, 264

(Adenota) thomasi, Cobus, 264

Adenota vardoni, 268

(Adenota) vardoni, Kobus, 268

Adenota wuil, 267

adolfi, Kobus kob, 259

adolfi-frederici, Cobus ellipsi-
prymnus, 235

adolfi-friderici, Adenota kob, 259

adolfi-friderici, Kobus, 235

adrob, Cervicapra, 214

aequatoria, Ourebia montana, 140

aequatorialis, Cephalophus, 98

sequatorialis, Cephalophus mela-
norheus, 98

aequatorialis, Guevei, 98

aequinoctialis, Cephalophus, 98

Aigoceros ellipsiprymnus, 226

Aigocerus ellipsiprymnus, 226

akeleyi, Neotragus moschatus,
161

albertensis, Kobus defassa, 238

albifrons, Alcelaphus, 35

albifrons, Antilope, 35, 113

albifrons, Bubalis, 35

albifrons, Damalis, 35

albifrons, Damaliscus, 35

albifrons, Gazella, 35

albojubatus, Connochaetes, 58
' albojubatus, Connochaetes tauri-

nus, 58
j albojubatus, Gorgon, 58

Alcelaphus, 3

Alcelaphus albifrons, 35

Alcelaphus bubale, 5
! Alcelaphus bubalinus, 5

Alcelaphus bubalis, 5

(Alcelaphus) bubalis, Cerophorus,
5

Alcelaphus caama, 25

272

INDEX

(Alcelaphus) caama, Cerophorus,

25

Alcelaphus cokei, 13
Alcelaphus (Damalis) hunteri,

46

Alcelaphus hunteri, 46
Alcelaphus lichtensteini, 29
Alcelaphus lunatus, 37
Alcelaphus pygargus, 34
Alcelaphus tora, 8
altifrons, Antilope, 113
altifrons, Cephalophus, 113
altifrons, Cephalophus grimmi,

113
altivallis, Cephalophus grimmi,

120

altivallis, Sylvicapra grimmi, 120
alurae, Adenota kob, 260
alurae, Kobus kob, 260
amoenus, Cephalophus natalensis,

69

anchietae, Cephalophus, 98
anchietse, Cephalophus melano-

rheus, 98

angusticeps, Kobus defassa, 237
annectens, Kobus defassa, 236
annulipes, Adenota, 254
annulipes, Antilope, 253
Antilope acuticornis, 147
Antilope adenota, 253
Antilope albifrons, 35
Antilope altifrons, 113
Antilope annulipes, 253
Antilope arundinaceus, 204
Antilope arundinum, 203
Antilope (Boselaphus) gnu, 51
Antilope brevicaudata, 138
Antilope bubalis, 4
Antilope burchelli, 108
Antilope buselaphus, 4
Antilope caama, 24
Antilope campestris, 146, 147
Antilope capensis, 51, 147
Antilope capreolus, 199
Antilope (Cephalolophus) camp-

belliffi, 116
Antilope (Cephalolophus) max-

welli, 94

Antilope (Cephalolophus) natalen-
sis, 68
Antilope (Cephalolophus) rufila-

tus, .87
Antilope (Cephalophus) burchelli,

107
Antilope (Cephalophus) caerulea,

100

Antilope (Cephalophus) corona-

tus, 115
Antilope (Cephalophus) dorsalis,

80
Antilope (Cephalophus) maxwelli,

93,94
Antilope (Cephalophus) melano-

rheus, 96
Antilope (Cephalophus) ogilbyi,

83
Antilope (Cephalophus) perpu-

silla, 101
Antilope (Cephalophus) philan-

tomba, 93
Antilope (Cephalophus) platous,

107
Antilope (Cephalophus) platyotus,

108
Antilope (Cephalophus) sylvicul-

trix, 63

Antilope cinerea, 204
Antilope coerulescehs, 204
Antilope defassa, 232, 242
Antilope dorcas, 33
Antilope doria, 89
Antilope eleotragus, 203, 221
Antilope ellipsiprymnus, 226
Antilope elypsiprymnus, 227
Antilope forfex, 253
Antilope frederici, 94
Antilope fulvo-rufescens, 147
Antilope fulvorufula, 220
Antilope (Gazella) capreolus, 199
Antilope (Gazella) grimmia, 114
Antilope (Gazella) oreotragus, 124
Antilope (Gazella) pygmsea, 169
Antilope gnou, 50
Antilope gnu, 50
Antilope gorgon, 54
Antilope grimmia, 114
Antilope (Grimmia) grimmia, 86
Antilope (Grimmia) mergens, 108
Antilope (Grimmia) sylvicultrix,

63

Antilope grisea, 33, 156
Antilope harnieri, 234
Antilope hastata, 135
Antilope hemprichiana, 174
Antilope hemprichii, 174
Antilope ibex, 147
Antilope isabellina, 204
Antilope klippspringer, 123
Antilope kob, 253
Antilope koba, 241
Antilope lalandia, 220
Antilope lalandii, 221

INDEX

273

Antilope lanata, 200
Antilope landiana, 220
Antilope leucotis, 266
Antilope lichtensteini, 29
Antilope lunata, 37
Antilope inaculata, 33
Antilope madoka, 174
Antilope madoqua, 117, 175
Antilope maxwelli, 94
Antilope melanotis, 155
Antilope inelanura, 133
Antilope mergeiis, 107
Antilope minuta, 101
Antilope montana, 138
Antilope monticola, 100
Antilope moschata, 160
Antilope (Nagor) redunca, 211
Antilope (Neotragus) madoka, 174
Antilope (Neotragus) pygmaea,

169

Antilope (Neotragus) saltiana, 174
Antilope riictitans, 107
Antilope ocularis, 113
Antilope ((Egocerus) ellipsiprym-

nus, 226

Antilope ogilbyi, 83
Antilope oleotragus, 204
Antilope oreotragus, 123, 204
Antilope ourebi, 133
Antilope (Ourebia) oreotragus, 124
Antilope (Ourebia) scoparia, 133
Antilope pallida, 157
Antilope pediotragus, 157
Antilope perpusilla, 170
Antilope personata, 33
Antilope perspisilla, 101
Antilope pluto, 91
Antilope ptox, 108
Antilope pygarga, 33
Antilope pygmaea, 100, 169
Antilope (Raphicerus) acuticor-

nis, 147
Antilope (Raphicerus) subulata,

147

Antilope redunca, 211, 214
Antilope (Redunca) bohor, 214
Antilope (Redunca) eleotragus,

204

Antilope (Redunca) redunca, 211
Antilope (Redunca) villosa, 200
Antilope regia, 169
Antilope re versa, 211
Antilope rubro-albescens, 156
Antilope rufa, 211
Antilope rufescens, 157
Antilope rupestris, 147
II.

Antilope saltatrix, 123

Antilope saltatrixoides, 124

Antilope saltiana, 174

Antilope scoparia, 133

Antilope senegalensis, 39, 242

Antilope silvicultrix, 63

Antilope sing-sing, 241

Antilope spinigera, 169

Antilope (Spinigera) spiniger, 169

Antilope sylvicultrix, 63

Antilope taurina, 54 .

Antilope (Terpone) longiceps, 66

Antilope (Tragelaphus) ogilbyi, 83

Antilope tragulus, 146

Antilope tragulus melanotis, 156

Antilope (Tragulus) oreotragus,
124

Antilope tragulus pallida, 157

Antilope tragulus rupestris, 147

Antilope unctuosa, 241

Antilope vardoni, 268

Antilope villosa, 200

Antilope zebra, 89

Antilope zebrata, 89

arundinacea, Cemas, 204

arundinacea, Cervicapra, 205

arundinaceus, Antilope, 204

arundinaceus, Eleotragus, 204,
214, 221

arundineurn occidentalis, Cervi-
capra, 210

arundinum, Antilope, 203

arundinum, Cervicapra. 205

arundinum occidentalis, Redunca,
210

arundinum, Redunca, 205

arundinum, Redunca arundinum,
206

arundinum, Redunca (Eleo-
tragus), 203

aureus, Cephalophus, 72

aureus, Oreotragus oreotragus,
127

avellanifrons, Kcbus defassa, 237

badius, Cephalophus, 80

bahr-keetse, Adenota kob, 259

bahr-keetffi, Kobus kob, 259

Baira, 196

batesi, Hylarnus, 166

batesi, Neotragus, 166

batesi, Neotragus (Hvlarnus), 166

Beatragus, 32

Beatragus hunteri, 46

Beira, 196

Beni Israel, 175

T

274

INDEX

bicolor, Cephalophus, 101

Blesbok, 36

Blue Wildebeest, 55

Bohor, 212, 214

bohor, Antilope (Eedunca), 214

bohor, Cervicapra, 214, 215

bohor, Cervicapra redunca, 214

bohor cottoni, Cervicapra, 217

bohor, Eleotragus, 214

bohor nigeriensis, Cervicapra, 219

bohor, Redunca, 214

bohor, Eedunca redunca, 214

bohor ugandse, Cervicapra, 220

bohor wardi, Cervicapra, 215

Bontebok, 34

Bos connochaetes, 51

Bos gnou, 50

Bos gnu, 51

Boselaphus bubalis, 5, 8

boseiaphus, Bubalis, 5, 8

Boselaphus caama, 25

(Boselaphus) gnu, Antilope, 51

(Boselaphus) gnu, Cerophorus, 51

Boselaphus lichtensteini, 29

Boselaphus major, 6

bradshawi, Cephalophus natalen-

sis, 71

brevicaudata, Antilope, 138
breviceps, Cephalophus, 80
breviceps. Kobus defassa, 238
Brindled Gnu, 55
brookei, Cephalophus, 84
brookii, Catoblepas, 59
bubal e, Alcelaphus, 5
Bubalinae, 2

bubalinus, Alcelaphus, 5
Bubalis, 3

bubalis, Acronotus, 5
Bubalis albifrons, 35
bubalis, Alcelaphus, 5
bubalis, Antilope, 4
Bubalis boseiaphus, 5
bubalis, Boselaphus, 5, 8
Bubalis bubalis, 5, 8
bubalis, Bubalis, 5, 8
Bubalis buselaphus, 4, 5
Bubalis caama, 24
Bubalis caama caama, 27
Bubalis caama selbornei, 27
Bubalis cama, 25
bubalis, Cerophorus (Alcelaphus),

5

Bubalis cokei, 13
Bubalis cokei cokei, 15
Bubalis cokei kongoni, 17
Bubalis cokei nakurae, 16

Bubalis cokei rothschildi, 16
bubalis, Damalis, 5
Bubalis hunteri, 46
Bubalis jacksoni, 21
Bubalis jacksoni insignis, 23
Bubalis jimeru, 44
Bubalis koba, 42
Bubalis lelwel, 19, 21
Bubalis lelwel insignis, 23
Bubalis lelwel jacksoni, 21
Bubalis lelwel lelwel, 20
Bubalis lelwel niediecki, 23
Bubalis lelwel roosevelti, 24
Bubalis lelwel tschadensis, 20
Bubalis lelwel typica, 20
Bubalis leucoprymnus, 29
Bubalis lichtensteini, 29
Bubalis lunatus, 37
Bubalis major. 6
Bubalis mauretanica, 5
Bubalis nakurae, 16
Bubalis neumanni, 18
Bubalis niediecki, 23
Bubalis noacki, 13
Bubalis pygarga, 34
Bubalis rothschildi, 16
Bubalis swaynei, 12
Bubalis tora, 8, 9
Bubalis tora digglei, 11
Bubalis tora neumanni, 18
Bubalis tora noacki, 13
Bubalis tora rahatensis, 11
Bubalis tora swaynei, 12
Bubalis tora tora, 10
Bubalis tora typica, 10
Bubalus gnu, 52
Bubalus lunatus, 37, 42
Bubalus mauritanicus, 5
buffoni, Adenota, 254
Buffon's Kob, 256
burchelli, Antilope, 108
burchelli, Antilope (Cephalophus),.

107

burchelli, Cephalophus, 107
burchelli, Grimmia, 108
buselaphus, Antilope, 4
buselaphus, Bubalis, 4, 5
Butragus, 48
Butragus corniculatus, 54

caama, Acronotus, 25
caama, Alcelaphus, 25
caama, Antilope, 24
caama, Boselaphus, 25
caama, Bubalis, 24
caama, Bubalis caama, 27

INDEX

275

caama, Cerophorus (Alcelaphus),

25

caama, Damalis, 25
caama selbornei, Bubalis, 27
cagrulea, Antilope (Cephalophus),

100

coeruleus, Cephalophus, 101
caffer, Cephalophus pygmaeus,

101

caffra, Sylvicapra, 108
callipyga, Cephalophe'ia, 85
callipygus, Cephalophus, 85
Calotragus, 145
Calotragus campestris, 147
Calotragus capreolus, 200
Calotragus hastata, 185
Calotragus melanotis, 156
Calotragus melanotis pallida, 157
Calotragus montanus, 138
Calotragus oreotragus, 124
Calotragus oureby, 133
Calotragus rufescens, 157
Calotragus saltatrix, 124
Calotragus saltatrixoides, 126
Calotragus saltianus, 175
Calotragus scoparius, 133
Calotragus spiniger, 170
Calotragus tragulus, 147
cama, Bubalis, 25
campbelliaB, Antilope (Cephalo-
phus), 116

campbelliae, Cephalophus, 116
campbellise, Cephalophus grimmi,

116

campbelliae, Grirnmia, 116
campbellise, Sylvicapra, 116
carnpbelliae, Sylvicapra coronata,

116

campestris, Antilope, 146, 147
campestris, Calotragus, 147
campestris capricornis, Raphi-

cerus, 153
campestris capricornis, Rhaphi-

ceros, 153

campestris, Nanotragus, 148
campestris natalensis, Eaphicerus,

151

campestris, Neotragus, 148
campestris neumanni, Raphicerus,

151
campestris neumanni, Rhaphi-

ceros, 151

campestris, Pediotragus, 148
campestris, Raphicerus, 146, 148
campestris, Raphicerus campes-
tris, 149

campestris, Rhaphiceros, 148

campestris, Rhaphicerus, 148

campestris stigrnaticus, Raphi-
cerus, 152

campestris typicus, Rhaphiceros,
149

cana, Cemas, 107

canescens, Kobus ellipsiprymnus,
229

Cape Hartebeest, 25

capensis, Antilope, 51, 147

Capra cervicapra, 33

Capra grimmia, 107, 146

Capra monticola, 100

Capra pygrnaea, 169

Capra scripta, 33

capreolus, Antilope, 199

capreolus, Antilope (Gazella), 199

capreolus, Calotragus, 200

capreolus, Cemas, 199

capreolus, Cervicapra, 200

capreolus, Eleotragus, 200

capre lus, Eleotr gus (Pelea), 200

capreolus, Pelea, 199

capreolus, Redunca, 200

capricornis, Raphicerus campes-
tris, 153

capricornis, Raphicerus neu-
manni, 153

capricornis, Rhaphiceros campes-
tris, 153

castaneus, Cephalophus, 81

castaneus, Cephalophus dorsalis,
81

Catoblepas, 48

Catoblepas brookii, 59

Catoblepas gnu, 51

Catoblepas gorgon, 54

Catoblepas operculatus, 51

Catoblepas reichei, 55

Catoblepas taurinus, 54

cavendishi, Madoqua, 185

cavendishi, Madoqua cavendishi,
186

cavendishi, Madoqua (Rhyncho-
tragus), 185

cavendishi minor, Madoqua, 187

cavendishi minor, Rhynchotragus,
187

cavendishi, Rhynchotragus, 185

Cemns, 48

Cemas arundinacea, 204

Cemas cana, 107

Cemas capreolus, 199

Cemas gnu, 51

Cemas melanura, 133

T 2

276

INDEX

Cemas oreotragus, 124
Cemas pygmaea, 169
centralis, Cephalophus, 71
Cephalolophus, 60
(Cephalolophus) campbelliae, An-

tilope, 116

(Cephalolophus) maxwelli, Anti-
lope, 94

(Cephalolophus) natalensis, Anti-
lope, 68

(Cephalolophus) rufilatus, Anti-
lope, 87

Cephalophela, 63
Cephalophela doriae, 90
Cephalophelia, 63
Cephalophelia callipyga, 85
Cephalophia, 63
Cephalophia ogilbyi, 83
Cephalophorus natalensis, 68
Cephalophorus ogilbyi, 83
Cephalophorus pygmaeus, 169
Cephalophorus zanzibaricus, 160
Cephalophorus zebra, 89
Cephalophus, 60, 63
Cephalophus abyssinicus, 117
Cephalophus abyssinicus hindei,

119
Cephalophus abyssinicus shiren-

sis, 120

Cephalophus aequatorialis, 98
Cephalophus aequiiioctialis, 98
Cephalophus altifrons, 113
Cephalophus anchietae, 98
Cephalophus aureus, 72
Cephalophus badius, 80
Cephalophus bicolor, 101
Cephalophus breviceps, 80
Cephalophus brookei, 84
Cephalophus burchelli, 107
(Cephalophus) burchelli, Anti-
lope, 107
(Cephalophus) caerulea, Antilope,

100

Cephalophus caeruleus, 101
Cephalophus callipygus, 85
Cephalophus campbelliae, 116
Cephalophus castaneus, 81
Cephalophus centralis, 71
Cephalophus claudi, 73
Cephalophus coronatus, 114
(Cephalophus) coronatus, Anti-
lope, 115

Cephalophus coxi, 64
Cephalophus doria, 89
Cephalophus doriae, 89, 90
Cephalophus dorsalis, 80

(Cephalophus) dorsalis, Antilope,

80
Cephalophus dorsalis castaneus,

81

Cephalophus eniini, 83
Cephalophus frederici, 94
Cephalophus grimmi, 108
Cephalophus grimmi abyssinicus,

117

Cephalophus grimmi altifrons, 113
Cephalophus grimmi altivallis,

120
Cephalophus grimmi campbelliae,

116
Cephalophus grimmi coronatus,

114
Cephalophus grimmi flavescens,

112

Cephalophus grimmi grimmi, 110
Cephalophus grimmi hindei, 119
Cephalophus grimmi nyansae, 118
Cephalophus grimmi roosevelti,

121
Cephalophus grimmi shirensis,

120
Cephalophus grimmi splendidulus,

114

Cephalophus grimmia, 86, 108, 114
Cephalophus grimmia flavescens,

112

Cephalophus grimmms, 108
Cephalophus (Guevei) hecki, 105
Cephalophus (Guevei) lugens, 106
Cephalophus (Guevei) maxwelli,

93, 94
Cephalophus (Guevei) melano-

rheus, 96
Cephalophus (Guevei) monticola,

100

Cephalophus (Guevei) nyasae, 103
Cephalophus (Guevei) simpsoni,

105

Cephalophus harveyi, 76
Cephalophus harveyi harveyi, 77
Cephalophus harveyi keniae, 77
Cephalophus hecki, 105
Cephalophus hemprichianus, 184
Cephalophus ignifer, 75
Cephalophus ituriensis, 64
Cephalophus jentinki, 66
Cephalophus johnstoni, 75
Cephalophus leopoldi, 78
Cephalophus leucochilus, 82
Cephalophus leucogaster, 79
Cephalophus leucoprosopus, 121
Cephalophus longiceps, 64

INDEX

277

Cephalophus lugens, 106
Cephalophus niadoqua, 117
Cephalophus niaxvvelli, 93
(Cephalophus) maxwell! , Anti-
lope, 93

Cephalophus melaiioprymnus, 64
Cephalophus melanorheneus, 96
Cephalophus melanorheus aequa-

torialis, 98
Cephalophus melanorheus an-

chietcE, 98
(Cephalophus) melanorheus, Anti-

lope, 96

Cephalophus melanorheus melan-
orheus, 97
Cephalophus melanorheus muscu-

loides, 99
Cephalophus melanorheus simile -

valli, 97
Cephalophus melanorheus t ypicus,

97

Cephalophus mergens, 107
Cephalophus monticola, 101
Cephalophus natalensis, 68
Cephalophus natalensis amcenus,

69
Cephalophus nataleiis's brad-

shawi, 71

Cephalophus natalensis natalen-
sis, 69
Cephalophus natalensis robertsi,

70

Cephalophus natalensis vassei, 70
Cephalophus niger, 91
Cephalophus nigrifrons, 72
Cephalophus nyasse, 103
Cephalophus nyasae congicus, 104
Cephalophus nyasae defriesi, 104
Cephalophus nyasse nyasae, 103
Cephalophus ocularis", 113
Cephalophus ogilbyi, 83, 84
(Cephalophus) ogilbyi, Antilope,

83
Cephalophus (Ourebia) saltiana,

175

(Cephalophus) perpusilla, Anti-
lope, 101

Cephalophus philantomba, 93
(Cephalophus) philantomba, An-
tilope, 93

Cephalophus platous, 107
(Cephalophus) platous, Antilope,

107

(Cephalophus) platyotus, Anti-
lope, 108
Cephalophus ptoox, 107

Cephalophus punctulatus, 64, 94
Cephalophus pygmaeus, 101
Cephalophus pygmaeus caffer, 101
Cephalophus pygmseus sundevalli,

97

Cephalophus robertsi, 70
Cephalophus rubidus, 73
Cephalophus ruficrista, 64
Cephalophus rufilatus, 86
Cephalophus rufilatus cuvieri, 87
Cephalophus rufilatus rubidior, 89
Cephalophus rufilatus rufilatus, 87
Cephalophus sclateri, 64
Cephalophus simpsoni, 105
Cephalophus spadix, 67
Cephalophus spiniger, 170
Cephalophus (Sylvicapra) grimmi,

107
Cephalophus (Sylvicapra) leuco-

prosopus, 121

Cephalophus sylvicultor, 64
Cephalophus sylvicultor coxi, 64
Cephalophus sylvicultrix, 63
(Cephalophus) svlvicultrix, Anti-
lope, 63

Cephalophus thomasi, 64
Cephalophus walkeri, 92
Cephalophus weynsi, 74
Cephalophus whitfieldi, 94
Cephalopidium, 63
Cephalopidium nigrum. 91
Cephalops, 63
Cephalops dorsalis, 80
Cerophorus (Alcelaphus) bubalis,

5
Cerophorus (Alcelaphus) caama,

25

Cerophorus (Boselaphus) gnu, 51
Cerophorus (Cervicapra) acuti-

cornis, 147
Cerophorus (Cervicapra) eleotra-

gus, 204
Cerophorus (Cervicapra) grimmia,

114
Cerophorus (Cervicapra) grisea,

156
Cerophorus (Cervicapra) oreotra-

gus, 124
Cerophorus (Cervicapra) pygmaea,

169
i Cerophorus (Cervicapra) redunca,

211
i Cerophorus (Cervicapra) saltiana,

174
Cerophorus (Cervicapra) stenbock,

147

278

INDEX

Cerophorus (Gazella) kob, 253
Cerophorus (Gazella) pygarga, 33
Cervicapra, 202

(Cervicapra) acuticornis, Cero-
phorus, 147
Cervicapra adrob, 214
Cervicapra arundinacea, 205
Cervicapra arundineum occiden-

talis, 210

Cervicapra arundinum, 205
Cervicapra bohor, 214, 215
Cervicapra bohor cottoni, 217
Cervicapra bohor nigerien^is, 219
Cervicapra bohor ugandae, 220
Cervicapra bohor wardi, 215
cervicapra, Capra, 33
Cervicapra capreolus. 200
Cervicapra chanleri, 223
Cervicapra defassa, 232
Cervicapra eleotragus, 221
(Cervicapra) eleotragus, Cero-
phorus, 204

Cervicapra ellipsiprymnus, 227
Cervicapra fulvorufula, 221
Cervicapra fulvorufula chanleri,

223
Cervicapra fulvorufula shoana,

224
Cervicapra fulvorufula subalpina,

221
(Cervicapra) grimmia, Cerophorus,

114
(Cervicapra) grisea, Cerophorus,

156

Cervicapra isabellina, 204
Cervicapra lalandii, 221
Cervicapra leucotis, 267
(Cervicapra) oreotragus, Cero-
phorus, 124
(Cervicapra) pygmaea, Cerophorus,

169

Cervicapra redunca, 211, 221
Cervicapra redunca bohor, 214
(Cervicapra) redunca, Cerophorus,

211

Cervicapra redunca cottoni, 217
Cervicapra redunca donaldsoni,

217

Cervicapra redunca redunca, 213
Cervicapra redunca typica, 213,

219

Cervicapra redunca wardi, 215
(Cervicapra) saltiana, Cerophorus,

174

(Cervicapra) stenbok, Cerophorus,
147

Cervicapra thomasinse, 205
Cervus pusillus guineensis, 169
Cervus pygargus, 33
Cervus sing-sing, 241
chanleri, Cervicapra, 223
chanleri, Cervicapra fulvorufula,

223

chanleri, Eedunca, 223
chanleri, Redunca fulvorufula,

223

cinerea, Antilope.*'204
claudi, Cephalophus, 73
coba, Cobus. 254
coba nigroscapulatus, Cobus,

265

coba pousarguesi, Cobus, 260
coba thomasi, Cobus, 264
coba typica, Cobus, 256
Cobus, 225

Cobus (Adenota) leucotis, 267
Cobus (Adenota) thomasi, 264
Cobus cob, 254
Cobus coba, 254

Cobus coba nigroscapulatus, 265
Cobus coba pousarguesi, 260
Cobus coba thomasi, 264
Cobus coba typicus, 256
Cobus crawshayi, 244
Cobus defassa, 232
Cobus defassa crawshayi, 244
Cobus defassa harnieri, 234
Cobus defassa matschiei, 234
Cobus defassa penricei, 245
Cobus defassa sing-sing, 242
Cobus defassa tjsederi, 235
Cobus defassa typicus, 238
Cobus defassa ugandae, 240
Cobus defassa unctuosus, 242
Cobus defassus, 232
Cobus ellipsiprymnus, 227
Cobus eilipsiprymnus adolfi-

frederici, 235
Cobus harnieri, 234
Cobus hunteri, 46
Cobus kob, 254
Cobus leche, 247
Cobus lechee, 247
Cobus lechi, 247
Cobus lechwe, 247
Cobus leechi, 247
Cobus leucotis, 267
Cobus loderi, 260
Cobus maria, 251
Cobus mariae, 251
Cobus nigricans, 258
Cobus nigroscapulatus, 265

JNDKX

279

Cobus onctuosus, 242

Cobus penricei, 245

Cobus robertsi, 249

Cobus senganus, 269

Cobus sing-sing, 242

Cobus smithemani, 249

Cobus smithemanni, 249

Cobus thomasi, 264

Cobus unctuosus, 242

Cobus unctuosus defassa, 238

Cobus vardoni, 268

Cobus vardoni loderi, 260

Cobus vardoni senganus, 269

Cobus vardoni typicus, 269

Cobus vaughani, 265

ccerulescens, Antilope, 204

cokei, Alcelaphus, 13

cokei, Bubalis, 13

cokei, Bubalis cokei, 15

cokei kongoni, Bubalis, 17

cokei nakurae, Bubalis, 16

cokei rothschildi, Bubalis, 16

colonicus, Baphiceros colonicus,

155
colonicus, Baphicerus sharpei,

155

congicus, Cephalophus nyasse, 104
Connochaetes, 48
Connochaetes albojubatus, 58
connochaetes, Bos, 51
Connochaetes gnu, 50, 51
Connochsetes gorgon, 54
Connochaetes hecki, 57
Connochaetes johnstoni, 57
Connochaetes taurinus, 54
Connochaetes taurinus albo-
jubatus, 58

Connochsetes taurinus hecki, 57
Connochsetes taurinus johnstoni,

57
Connochsetes taurinus (johnstoni)

rufigianus, 57
Connochsetes taurinus taurinus,

56
Connochaetes taurinus typicus,

56

Connochsetes taurius, 55
cordeauxi, Madoqua, 182
cordeauxi, Bhynchotragus, 182
corniculatus, Butragus, 54
coronata campbelliae, Sylvicapra,

116

coronata, Sylvicapra, 115
coronatus, Antilope (Cephalo-
phus), 115
coronatus, Cephalophus, 114

coronatus, Cephalophus grimmi,

114

corrigum, Damaliscus, 40
corrigum jimela, Damaliscus, 44
corrigum jonesi, Damaliscus, 44
corrigum phalius, Damaliscus, 46
corrigum selousi, Damaliscus, 44
corrigum tiang, Damaliscus, 43
cottoni, Cervicapra bohor, 217
cottoni, Cervicapra redunca, 217
cottoni, Kobus defassa, 238
cottoni, Oribia, 144
cottoni, Ourebia, 144
cottoni, Kedunca redunca, 217
coxi, Cephalophus, 64
coxi, Cephalophus sylvicultor, 64
crawshayi, Cobus, 244
crawshayi, Cobus defassa, 244
crawshayi, Kobus, 244
crawshayi, Kobus defassa, 244
cuvieri, Cephalophus rufilatus, 8

Damalis, 3, 32
Damalis albifrons, 35
Damalis bubalis, 5
Damalis caama, 25
Damalis hunteri, 46
(Damalis) hunteri, Alcelaphus, 46
Damalis jimela, 44
Damalis lunata, 37
Damalis pygarga, 33
Damalis senegalensis. 39, 42, 44
Damalis tiang, 42
Damalis tiang-riel, 42
Damalis zebra, 89
Damaliscus, 32
Damaliscus albifrons, 35
Damaliscus corrigum, 40
Damaliscus corrigum jimela, 44
Damaliscus corrigum jonesi, 44
Damaliscus corrigum phalius, 46
Damaliscus corrigum selousi, 44
Damaliscus corrigum tiang, 43
Damaliscus hunteri, 46
Damaliscus jimela, 44
Damaliscus koba, 40
Damaliscus korrigum, 39, 40
Damaliscus korrigum jimela, 44,
Damaliscus korrigum jonesi, 44

45
Damaliscus korrigum korrigum,

41

Damaliscus korrigum phalius, 46
Damaliscus korrigum selousi, 44
Damaliscus korrigum tiang, 42,

43

280

INDEX

Damaliscus lunatus, 37
Damaliscus phalius, 46
Damaliscus pygarga, 34
Damaliscus pygargus, 33, 34
Damaliscus tiang, 42
damarensis, Madoqua, 184
damarensis, Madoqua damarensis,

184
damarensis, Madoqua (Rhyncho-

tragus), 184

damarensis, Nanotragus, 184
damarensis, Neotragus, 184
damarensis, Rhynchotragus, 184
damarensis variani, Madoqua, 185
damarensis variani, Rhynchotra-
gus, 185

Defassa, 233, 238
defassa albertensis, Kobus, 238
defassa angusticeps, Kobus, 237
defassa annectens, Kobus, 236
defassa, Antilope, 232, 242
defassa avellanifrons, Kobus, 237
defassa breviceps, Kobus, 238
defassa, Cervicapra, 232
defassa, Cobus, 232
defassa, Cobus unctuosus, 238
defassa cottoni, Kobus, 238
defassa crawshayi, Cobus, 244
defassa crawshayi, Kobus, 244
defassa dianse, Kobus, 238
defassa fulvifrons, Kobus, 237
defassa griseotinctus, Kobus, 238
defassa harnieri, Cobus, 234
defassa harnieri, Kobus, 234
defassa hawashensis, Kobus, 237
defassa, Kobus, 232
defassa, Kobus defassa, 238
defassa ladoensis, Kobus, 238
defassa matschiei, Cobus, 234
defassa nzoiae, Kobus, 237
defassa penricei, Cobus, 245
defassa penricei, Kobus, 245
defassa powelli, Kobus, 237
defassa raineyi, Kobus, 237
defassa, Redunca, 232
defassa schubotzi, Kobus, 236
defassa sing-sing, Cobus, 242
defassa tjaederi, Cobus, 235
defassa tjsederi, Kobus, 235
defassa tschadensis, Kobus, 235
defassa typicus, Cobus, 238
defassa Uganda, Cobus, 240
defassa ugandse, Kobus, 240
defassa unstuosus, Cobus, 242
defassa unctuosus, Kobus, 241,
242

defassus, Cobus, 232

defassus, Kobus, 232

defriesi, Cephalophus nyasae, 104

deserticola, Neotragus moschatus,
162

deserticola, Nesotragus moscha-
tus, 162

dianae, Kobus defassa, 238

digglei, Bubalis tora, 11

Dik-dik, 175

donaldsoni, Cervicapra redunca,
217

dorcas, Antilope, 33

Dorcatragus, 195

Dorcatragus megalotis, 196

Dorcotragus, 195

Dorcotragus megalotis, 195

doria, Antilope, 89

doria, Cephalophus, 89

dorise, Cephalophela, 90

doriae, Cephalophus, 89, 90

dorsalis, Antilope (Cephalophus),
80

dorsalis castaneus, Cephalophus,
81

dorsalis, Cephalophus, 80

dorsalis, Cephalops, 80

Duiker-bok, 108

Eleotragus, 203

eleotragus, Antilope, 203, 221

eleotragus, Antilope (Redunca),

204
Eleotragus arurjdinaceus, 204,

214, 221
(Eleotragus) arundinum, Redunca,

203

Eleotragus bohor, 214
Eleotragus capreolus, 200
eleotragus, Cerophorus (Cervi-
capra), 204

eleotragus, Cervicapra, 221
Eleotragus eleotragus, 205, 221
eleotragus, Eleotragus, 205, 221
Eleotragus isabellinus, 204
Eleotragus (Pelea) capreolus, 200
Eleotragus redunca, 221
eleotragus, Redunca, 204, 221
Eleotragus reduncus, 204, 211,

214

Eleotragus vardoni, 268
Eleotragus villosus, 200
ellipsiprymnus adolfi-frederici,

Cobus, 235

ellipsiprymnus, Aigoceros, 226
ellipsiprymnus, Aigocerus, 226

INDEX

281

ellipsiprymnus, Antilope, 226
ellipsiprymnus, Antilope ((Ego-

cerus), 226
ellipsiprymnus canescens, Kobus,

229

ellipsiprymnus, Cervicapra, 227
ellipsiprymnus, Cobus, 227
ellipsiprymnus, Heleotragus, 227
ellipsiprymnus, Kobus, 226,

227

ellipsiprymnus, Kolus, 226
ellipsiprymnus kondensis, Kobus,

229

ellipsiprymnus kulu, Kobus, 229
ellipsiprymnus kuru, Kobus, 230
ellipsiprvmnus lipuwa, Kobus,

229
ellipsiprymnus pallidus, Kobus,

228

ellipsiprymnus thikae, Kobus, 228
elypsipryrnnus, Antilope, 227
emini, Cephalophus, 83
erlangeri, Madoqua, 182
erlangeri, Rhynchotragus, 182

fasciatus, Gorgon, 54

flavescens, Cephalophus grimmi,

112
flavescens, Cephalophus grimmia,

112

forfex, Antilope, 253
frederici, Antilope, 94
frederici, Cephalophus, 94
frederici, Sylvicapra, 94
frommi, Kobus penricei, 245
fulvifrons, Kobus defassa, 237
fulvo-rufescens, Antilope, 147
fulvorufula, Antilope, 220
fulvorufula, Cervicapra, 221
fulvorufula chanleri, Cervicapra,

223
fulvorufula chanleri, Redunca,

223

fulvorufula, Oreodorcas, 221
fulvorufula, Redunca, 220
fulvorufula, Redunca fulvorufula,

222
fulvorufula shoana, Cervicapra,

224
fulvorufula shoana, Redunca,

224
fulvorufula subalpina, Cervicapra,

221

gallarum, Ourebia, 144
Gazella albifrons, 35

(Gazella) capreolus, Antilope, 199

(Gazella) grimmia, Antilope, 114

(Gazella) kob, Cerophorus, 253

(Gazella) oreotragus, Antilope, 124

Gazella pygarga, 33

(Gazella) pygarga, Cerophorus, 33

(Gazella) pygmfiea, Antilope, 169

gnou, Antilope, 51

gnou, Bos, 50

Gnu, 52

gnu, Antilope, 50

gnu, Antilope (Boselaphus), 51

gnu, Bos, 51

gnu, Bubalus, 52

gnu, Catoblepas, 51

gnu, Cemas, 51

gnu, Cerophorus (Boselaphus), 51

gnu, Connochaetes, 50, 51

Gorgon, 48

Gorgon albojubatus, 58

gorgon, Antilope, 54

gorgon, Catoblepas, 54

gorgon, Connochaetes, 54

Gorgon fasciatus, 54

Gorgon taurinus, 55

Gorgon taurius, 55

goslingi, Oribia, 143

goslingi, Ourebia, 143

grayi, Pediotragus tragulus, 147

grimmi abyssinicus, Cepftalo-
phus, 117

grimmi altifrons, Cephalophus,
113

grimmi altivallis, Cephalophus,
120

grimmi altivallis, Sylvicapra, 120

grimmi campbelliae, Cephalophus,

116

grimmi, Cephalophus, 108
grimrni, Cephalophus grimmi, HQ
grimmi, Cephalophus (Sylvi-
capra), 107
grimmi coronatus, Cephalophus,

114
grimmi flavescens, Cephalophus,

112

grimmi hindei, Cephalophus, 119
grimmi nyansae, Cephalophus,

118
grimmi roosevelti, Cephalophus,

121

grimmi roosevelti, Sylvicapra, 121
grimmi shirensis, Cephalophus,

120

grimmi splendidulus, Cephalo-
phus, 114

282

INDEX

grimmi, Sylvicapra, 108
Grimmia, 63
grimmia, Antilope, 114
grimmia, Antilope (Gazella), 114
grimmia, Antilope (Grimmia), 86
Grimmia burchelli, 108
Grimmia campbellise, 116
grimmia, Capra, 107, 146
grimmia, Cephalophus, 86, 108,

114
grimmia, Cerophorus (Cervi-

capra), 114
grimmia flavescens, Cephalophus,

112

Grimmia grimmia, 115
grimmia, Grimmia, 115
(Grimmia) grimmia, Antilope, 86
Grimmia irrorata, 108
Grimmia madoqua, 117
Grimmia mergens, 108
(Grimmia) mergens, Antilope, 108
grimmia, Moschus, 107
Grimmia nictitans, 108
Grimmia ocularis, 113
Grimmia splendidula, 114
grimmia, Sylvicapra, 86, 108,

115
(Grimmia) sylvicultrix, Antilope,

63

grirnmius, Cephalophus, 108
grisea, Antilope, 33, 156
grisea, Cerophorus (Cervicapra) ,

156

griseotinctus, Kobus defassa, 238
griseus, Oreotragus, 156
Grysbock, 155
Grysbock melanotis, 157
Grysbok, 157
gubanensis, Madoqua phillipsi,

181

guentheri, Madoqua, 191
guentheri, Madoqua guentheri,

192
guentheri, Madoqua (Rhyncho-

tragus), 191

guentheri, Rhynchotragus, 191
guentheri smithi, Madoqua, 194
guentheri smithi, Rhynchotragus,

194
guentheri wroughtoni, Madoqua,

193

guentheri wroughtoni, Rhyncho-
tragus, 193
Guevei, 93

Guevei aequatorialis, 98
(Guevei) hecki, Cephalophus, 105

(Guevei) lugens, Cephalophus,
106

Guevei maxwelli, 94

(Guevei) maxwelli, Cephalophus,
93, 94

Guevei melanorheus, 96

(Guevei) melanorheus, Cepha-
lophus, 96

Guevei monticola, 101

(Guevei) monticola, Cephalophus,
100

(Guevei) nyasse, Cephalophus,
103

(Guevei) simpsoni, Cephalophus,
105

guineensis, Cervus pusillus, 169

haggardi, Neotragus, 140
haggardi, Oribia, 140
haggardi, Ourebia, 140
harnieri, Antilope, 234
harnieri, Cobus, 234
harnieri, Cobus defassa, 234
harnieri, Kobus, 234
harnieri, Kobus defassa, 234
harrarensis, Madoqua, 179
harrarensis, Madoqua phillipsi,

179

harrisoni, Hylarnus, 167
harrisoni, Neotragus, 167
harrisoni, Neotragus (Hylarnus),

167

harveyi, Cephalophus, 76
harveyi, Cephalophus harveyi, 77
harveyi keniae, Cephalophus, 77
hastata, Antilope, 135
hastata, Calotragus, 135
hastata, Oribia, 135
hastata, Ourebia, 135
hastatus, Nanotragus, 135
hastatus, Oreotragus, 135
hastatus, Scopophorus, 135
hawashensis, Kobus defassa, 237
hecki, Cephalophus, 105
hecki, Cephalophus (Guevei), 105
hecki, Connochsetes, 57
hecki, Connochaetes taurinus, 57
Heleotragus ellipsiprymnus, 227
Heleotragus leche, 247
Heleotragus vardonii, 268
hemprichiana, Antilope, 174
hemprichianus, Cephalophus, 184
hemprichianus, Neotragus, 174
hemprichii, Antilope, 174
hemprichii, Madoqua, 174
hemprichii, Neotragus, 175

INDEX

283

hemprichii, Tragelaphus, 173

Herola, 46

hindei, Cephaloplius abyssinicus,

119

hindei, Cephalophus grimmi, 119
hindei, Madoqua kirki, 190
hindei, Rhynchotragus, 190
hindei, Rhynchotragus kirki, 190
horstocki natalensis, Rhaphi-

ceros, 151

horstocki, Pediotragus, 148
horstocki, Rhaphiceros, 148
hunteri, Alcelaphus, 46
hunteri, Alcelaphus (Damalis), 46
hunteri, Beatragus, 46
hunteri, Bubalis, 46
hunteri, Cobus, 46
hunteri, Damalis, 46
hunteri, Damaliscus, 46
Hunter's hartebeest. 46
Hylarnus, 166
Hylarnus batesi, 166
•(Hylarnus) batesi, Neotragus, 166
Hylarnus harrisoni, 167
{Hylarnus) harrisoni, Neotragus,

167

ibex, Antilope, 147
ignifer, Cephalophus, 75
insignis, Bubalis jacksoni, 23
insignis, Bubalis lelwel, 23
irrorata, Grimrnia, 108
isabellina, Antilope, 204
isabellina, Cervicapra, 204
isabellina, Redunca, 204, 205
isabellinus, Eleotragus, 204
ituriensis, Cephalophus, 64

jacksoni, Bubalis, 21

jacksoni, Bubalis lelwel, 21

jacksoni insignis, Bubalis, 23

jentinki, Cephalophus, 66

Jentink's Duiker, 67

Jimela, 45

jimela, Damalis, 44

jimela, Damaliscus, 44

jimela, Damaliscus corrigum, 44

jimela, Damaliscus korrigum, 44,

45

jimeru, Bubalis, 44
johnstoni, Cephalophus, 75
johnstoni, Connochaetes, 57
johnstoni, Connochaetes taurinus,

57

(johnstoni) rufigianus, Conno-
chaetes taurinus, 57

jonesi, Damaliscus corrigum, 44
joriesi, Damaliscus korrigum, 44

keniae, Cephalophus harveyi, 77
kenyae, Oribia, 141
kenyae, Ourebia, 141
kirchenpauerii, Nesotragus, 160
kirki hindei, Madoqua, 190
kirki hindei, Rhynchotragus, 190
kirki, Madoqua, 188
kirki, Madoqua kirki, 188
kirki, Madoqua (Rhynchotragus),

187, 188

kirki, Neotragus, 187
kirki nyikae, Madoqua, 189
kirki nyikae, Rhynchotragus, 189
kirki, Rhynchotragus, 188
kirki typica, Madoqua, 188
klippspringer, Antilope, 123
Klipspringer, 125
Kob, 254

kob, Adenota, 253, 264
kob, Adenota kob, 256
kob adolfi-friderici, Adenota, 259
kob adolfi, Kobus, 259
kob alurae, Adenota, 260
kob alurae, Kobus, 260
kob, Antilope, 253
kob bahr-keetae, Adenota, 259
kob bahr-keetae, Kobus, 259
kob, Cerophorus (Gazella), 253
kob, Cobus, 254
kob, Kobus, 264
kob, Kobus (Adenota), 253
kob, Kobus kob, 256
kob leucotis, Kobus, 266
kob loderi, Kobus, 260
kob neumanni, Adenota, 262
kob neumanni, Kobus, 262
kob nigricans, Kob, 258
kob nigroscapulatus, Kobus, 265
kob notata, Adenota, 263
kob notatus, Kobus, 263
kob thomasi, Adenota, 264
kob thomasi, Kobus, 264
kob ubangiens's, Adenota, 259
kob ubangiensis, Kobus, 259
[kob] vaughani, Adenota, 265
koba, Adenota, 254, 264
koba, Antilope, 241
koba, Bubalis, 42
koba, Damaliscus, 40
Kobus, 225, 226
Kobus adansoni, 253
Kobus (Adenota) kob, 253
Kobus (Adenota) vardoni, 268

284

INDEX

Kobus adolfi-friderici, 235
Kobus crawshayi, 244
Kobus defassa, 232
Kobus defassa albertensis, 238
Kobus defassa angusticeps, 237
Kobus defassa annectens, 236
Kobus defassa avellanifrons, 237
Kobus defassa breviceps, 238
Kobus defassa cottoni, 238
Kobus defassa crawshayi, 244
Kobus defassa defassa, 238
Kobus defassa dianae, 238
Kobus defassa fulvifrons, 237
Kobus defassa griseotinctus, 238
Kobus defassa harnieri, 234
Kobus defassa hawashensis, 237
Kobus defassa ladoensis, 238
Kobus defassa nzoiaB, 237
Kobus defassa penricei, 245
Kobus defassa powelli, 237
Kobus defassa raineyi, 237
Kobus defassa schubotzi, 236
Kobus defassa tjaederi, 235
Kobus defassa tschadensis, 233
Kobus defassa ugandae, 240
Kobus defassa unctuosns, 241,242
Kobus defassus, 232
Kobus ellipstprymnus, 226
Kobus ellipsiprymnus canescens,

229
Kobus ellipsiprymnus kondens's,

229

Kobus ellipsiprymnus kulu, 229
Kobus ellipsiprymnus kuru, 230
Kobus ellipsiprymnus lipuwa, 229
Kobus ellipsipiTmnus pallidns,

228

Kobus ellipsiprymnus thikae, 228
Kobus harnieri, 234
Jvobus kob, 264
Kobus kob adolfi, 259
Kobus kob alurae, 260
Kobus kob bahr-keetae, 259
Kobus kob kob, 256
Kobus kob leucotis, 266
Kobus kob loderi, 260
Kobus kob neummanni, 262
Kobus kob nigricans, 258
Kobus kob nigroscapulatus, 265
Kobus kob notatus, 263
Kobus kob thomasi, 264
Kobus kob ubangiensis, 259
Kobus leche, 246
Kobus lechee, 247
Kobus leucotis, 264, 266
Kobus maria, 251

Kobus mariae, 251
Kobus megaceros, 251
Kobus (Onotragus) leche, 246
Kobus (Onotragus) maria, 251
Kobus (Onotragus) robertsi, 249
Kobus (Onotragus) smithemani,

249

Kobus penricei, 245
Kobus penricei frommi, 245
Kobus penricei muenzneri, 245
Kobus sing-sing, 232, 234, 241
Kobus unctuosa, 242
Kobus unctuosa uwendensis, 238
Kobus unctuosus matschiei, 234
Kobus unctuosus tschadensis, 235
Kobus unctuosus ugandae, 240
Kobus vardoni, 268
Kobus vardoni senganus, 269
Kobus vardoni vardoni, 269
Kobus vaughani, 265
Kolus, 225

Kolus ellipsiprymnus, 226

Kolus sing-sing, 241

kondensis, Kobus ellipsiprymnus,
229

Kongoni, 13

kongoni, Bubalis cokei, 17

Korrigum, 40, 41

korrigum, Damaliscus, 39, 43

korrigum, Damaliscus korrigam,
41

korrigum jirnela, Damaliscus, 44,
45

korrigum jonesi, Damaliscus, 44

korrigum phallus, Damaliscus, 46

korrigum selousi, Damaliscus, 44

korrigum tiang, Damaliscus, 42,
43

kul, Adenota, 267

kulu, Kobus ellipsiprymnus, 229

kuru, Kobus ellipsiprymnus, 230

ladoensis, Kobus defassa, 238

lalandia, Antilope, 220

lalaiidii, Antilope, 221

lalandii, Cervicapra, 221

lalandii, Eedunca, 221

lanata, Antilope, 200

landiana, Antilope, 220

langi, Madoqua, 185

Leche, 247

leche, Adenota, 246

leche, Cobus, 247

leche, Heleotragus, 247

leche, Kobus, 247

leche, Kobus (Onotragus), 246

INDEX

285

lechee, Adenota, 247, 266

lechee, Cobus, 247

lechee, Kobus, 247

lechee, Onotragus, 247

lechi, Cobus, 247

Lechwe, 247

lech we, Cobus, 247

leechi, Cobus, 247

Lelwel, 19

lelwel, Acronotus, 19

lehvel, Bubalis, 19, 21

lelwel, Bubalis lelwel, 20

lelwel insignis, Bubalis, 23

lelwel jacksoni, Bubalis, 21

lelwel niediecki, Bubalis, 23

lelwel roosevelti, Bubalis, 24

lelwel tschadensis, Bubalis, 20

lelwel typica, Bubalis, 20

leopoldi, Cephalophus, 78

leucochilus, Cephalophus, 82

leucogaster, Cephalophus, 79

leucoprosopus, Cephalophus, 121

leucoprosopus, Cephalophus (Syl-

vicapra), 121

leucoprosopus, Sylvicapra, 121
leucoprymnus, Bubalis, 29
leucotis, Adenota, 266
leucotis, Antilope, 266
leucotis, Cervicapra, 267
leucotis, Cobus, 267
leucotis, Cobus (Adenota), 267
leucotis, Kobus, 264, 266
leucotis, Kobus kob, 266
Lichi, 247

lichtensteini, Alcelaphus, 29
lichtensteini, Antilope, 29
lichtensteini, Boselaphus, 29
lichtensteini, Bubalis, 29
lichtensteini, Sigmoceros, 29
lipuwa, Kobus ellipsiprymnus,

229

livingstonei, Nesotragus, 162
livingstonianus. Nanotragus, 162
livingstonianus, Neotragus, 162
livingstonianus, Neotragus living-
stonianus, 163

livingstonianus, Neotragus (Neso-
tragus), 162

livingstonianus, Nesotragus, 162
livingstonianus typicus, Nesotra-
gus, 163

livingstonianus zuluensis, Neo-
tragus, 164

livingstonianus zuluensis, Neso-
tragus, 164
loderi, Cobus, 260

loderi, Cobus vardoni, 260
loderi, Kobus kob, 260
longiceps, Antilope (Terpone), 66
longiceps, Cephalophus, 64
longiceps, Terpone, 64, 66
lugens, Cephalophus, 106
lugens, Cephalophus (Guevei),

106

lunata, Antilope, 37
lunata, Damalis, 37
lunatus, Acronotus, 37
lunatus, Alcelaphus, 37
lunatus, Bubalis, 37
lunatus, Bubalus, 37, 42
lunatus, Damaliscus, 37

maculata, Antilope, 33
madoka. Antilope, 174
madoka. Antilope (Neotragus),

174

Madoqua, 172, 173
madoqua, Antilope, 117, 175
Madoqua cavendishi, 185
Madoqua cavendishi cavendishi,

186

Madoqua cavendishi minor, 187
madoqua, Cephalophus, 117
Modoqua cordeauxi, 182
Madoqua damarensis, 184
Madoqua damarensis damarensis,

184

Madoqua damarensis variani, 185
Madoqua erlangeri, 182
madoqua, Grirnmia, 117
Madoqua guentheri, 191
Madoqua guentheri guentheri, 192
Madoqua guentheri smithi, 194
Madoqua guentheri wroughtoni,

193

Madoqua harrarensis, 179
Madoqua hemprichii, 174
Madoqua kirki, 188
Madoqua kirki hindei, 190
Madoqua kirki kirki, 188
Madoqua kirki nyika?, 189
Madoqua kirki typica, 188
Madoqua langi, 185
Madoqua phillipsi, 177, 178
Madoqua phillipsi gubanensis.

181
Madoqua phillipsi harrarensis.

179

Madoqua phillipsi phillipsi, 178
Madoqua piacentinii, 177
Madoqua (Ehynchotragus) caven-
dishi, 185

286

INDEX

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) dama-
rensis, 184

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) guen-
theri, 191

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) kirki,
187, 188

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) naso-
guttata, 194

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) naso-
guttatus, 194

Madoqua (Rhynchotragus) tho-
masi, 191

Madoqua saltiana, 174

Madoqua swaynei, 176

madoqua, Sylvicapra, 117

madoqua, Tragelaphus, 117

major, Boselaphus, 6

major, Bubalis, 6

maria, Cobus. 251

maria, Kobus, 251

maria, Kobus (Onotragus), 251

marise, Cobus, 251

mariae, Kobus, 251

matschiei, Cobus defassa, 234

matschiei, Kobus unctuosus, 234

mauretanica, Bubalis, 5

mauritanicus, Bubalus, 5

maxwelli, Antilope. 94

maxwelli, Antilope (Cephalolo-
phus), 94

maxwelli, Antilope (Cephalophus),
93,94

maxwelli, Cephalophus, 93

maxwelli, Cephalophus (Guevei),
93, 94

maxwelli, Guevei, 94

megaceros, Adenota, 251

megaceros, Kobus, 251

megaceros, Onotragus, 251

megalotis. Dorcatragus, 196

megalotis, Dorcotragus, 195

megalotis, Oreotragus, 195

melanoprymnus, Cephalophus, 64

melanoprymnus, Potamotragus,64

melanorheneus, Cephalophus, 96

melanorheus aequatorialis, Cepha-
lophus, 98

melanorheus anchietae, Cephalo-
phus, 98

melanorheus, Antilope (Cephalo-
phus), 96

melanorheus, Cephalophus (Gue-
vei), 96

melanorheus, Cephalophus mela-
norheus, 97

melanorheus, Guevei, 96

melanorheus musculoides, Cepha-
lophus, 99

melanorheus sundevalli, Cepha-
lophus, 97

melanorheus typicus, Cephalo-
phus, 97

melanotis, Antilope, 155
melanotis, Antilope tragulus, 156
melanotis, Calotragus, 156
melanotis, Grysbock, 157
melanotis, Nanotragus, 156
melanotis, Neotragus, 156
melanotis, Nototragus, 157
melanotis pallida, Calotragus, 157
melanotis, Raphiceros (Nototra-
gus), 155

melanotis, Raphicerus, 156
melanotis, Rhaphiceros, 156
melanotis, Tragelaphus, 156
melanotis, Tragulus, 156
melanura. Antilope, 133
melanura, Cemas, 133
mergens, Antilope, 107
mergens, Antilope (Grimmia), 108
mergens, Cephalophus, 107
mergens, Grimmia, 108
mergens, Sylvicapra, 108
mergens, Tragelaphus, 108
microdon, Oribia, 142
microdon, Ourebia, 142
minor, Madoqua cavendishi, 187
minor, Rhynchotragus cavendishi,

187

minuta, Antilope, 101
Minytragus, 158

montana aequatoria, Ourebia, 140
montana, Antilope, 138
montana, Oribia, 138
montana, Ourebia, 138
montana, Ourebia montana, 139
montana, Redunca, 138
montanus, Calotragus, 138
montanus, Nanotragus, 138
montanus, Scopophorus, 137, 138
montanus, Tragelaphus, 138
monticola, Antilope, 100
monticola, Capra, 100
monticola, Cephalophus, 101
monticola, Cephalophus (Guevei),

100

monticola, Guevei, 101
moschata, Antilope, 160
moschatus akeleyi, Neotragus,

161

moschatus akeleyi, Nesotragus,
161

INDEX

287

moschatus cleserticola, Neotragus,

162

moschatus cleserticola, Nesotra-
gus, 162

moschatus, Nanotragus, 160
moschatus, Neotragus, 160
moschatus, Neotragus moschatus,

160
moschatus, Neotragus (Nesotra-

gus), 159

moschatus, Nesotragus, 159
Moschus grimmia, 107
Moschus pygmaeus, 169
muenzneri, Kobus penricei, 245
multiannulata, Redunca, 205
musculoides, Cephalophus mela-
norheus, 99

Xagor, 202, 212, 213
nagor, Redunca, 211
(Nagor) redunca, Antilope, 211
nakurae, Bubalis, 16
nakuree, Bubalis cokei, 16
Nanotragus, 158
Nanotragus campestris, 148
Nanotragus damarensis, 184
Nanotragus hastatus, 135
Nanotragus livingstonianus, 162
Nanotragus melanotis, 156
Xanotragus montanus, 138
Xanotragus moschatus, 160
Nanotragus nigricaudatus, 137
Nanotragus oreotragus, 124
Xanotragus perpusillus, 170
Xanotragus regius, 170
Nanotragus scoparius, 133
Nanotragus spiniger, 169

Nanotragus tragulus, 148

nasoguttata, Madoqua (Rhyncho-
tragus), 194

nasoguttatus, Madoqua (Rhyncho-
tragus), 194

nasoguttatus, Rhynchotragus, 194

Natal Duiker, 68

natalensis amoenus, Cephalophus,
69

natalensis, Antilope (Cepha-
lolophus), 68

natalensis bradshawi, Cepha-
lophus, 71

natalensis, Cephalophorus, 68

natalensis, Cephalophus, 68

natalensis, Cephalophus nata-
lensis, 69

natalensis, Raphicerus cam-
pestris, 151

natalensis, Rhaphiceros horstocki,

151
natalensis robertsi, Cephalophus,

70

natalensis, Sylvicapra, 68
Neotragus, 158, 168, 172
Neotragus batesi, 166
Neotragus campestris, 148
Neotragus damarensis, 184
Neotragus haggardi, 140
Neotragus harrisoni, 167
Neotragus hemprichianus, 174
Neotragus hemprichii, 175
Neotragus (Hylarnus) batesi, 166
Neotragus (Hylarnus) harrisoni,

167

Neotragus kirki, 187
Neotragus livingstonianus, 162
Neotragus livingstonianus living-
stonianus, 163
Neotragus livingstonianus zulu-

ensis, 164
(Neotragus) madoka, Antilope,

174

Neotragus melanotis, 156
Neotragus moschatus, 160
Neotragus moschatus akeleyi, 161
Neotragus moschatus deserticola,

162
Neotragus moschatus moschatus,

160

Neotragus (Nesotragus) living-
stonianus, 162

Neotragus (Nesotragus) mos-
chatus, 159

Neotragus nigricaudatus, 137
Neotragus pygmaea, 169
(Neotragus) pygmsea, Antilope,

169

Neotragus pygmaeus, 169, 170
(Neotragus) saltiana, Antilope,

174

Neotragus saltianus, 174
Neotragus scoparius, 134
Neotragus tragulus, 148
Nesotragus, 159
Nesotragus kirchenpaueri, 160
Nesotragus livingstonei, 162
Nesotragus livingstonianus, 162
(Nesotragus) livingstonianus,

Neotragus, 162
Nesotragus livingstonianus

typicus, 163
Nesotragus livingstonianus zulu-

ensis, 164
Nesotragus moschatus, 159

288

INDEX

Nesotragus moschatus akeleyi,

161
Nesotragus moschatus deserticola,

162
(Nesotragus) moschatus, Neo-

tragus, 159

Nesotragus saltianus, 175
Nesotragus zuluensis, 164
neumanni, Adenota kob, 262
neumanni, Bubalis, 18
neumanni, Bubalis tora, 18
neumanni capricornis, Raphi-

cerus, 153

neumanni, Kobus kob, 262
neumanni, Nototragus, 151
neumanni, Pediotragus, 151
neumanni, Raphicerus, 151
neumanni, Raphicerus campestris,

151

neumanni, Rhaphiceros campes-
tris, 151

neumanni stigmaticus, Rhaphi-
ceros, 152

nictitans, Antilope, 107
nictitans, Grimmia, 108
niediecki, Bubalis, 23
niediecki, Bubalis lelwel, 23
niger, Cephalophus, 91
nigeriensis, Cervicapra bohor, 219
nigeriensis, Redunca redunca, 219
nigricans, Cobus, 258
nigricans, Kobus kob, 258 .
nigricaudata, Oribia, 137
nigricaudata, Ourebia, 137
nigricaudatus, Nanotragus, 137
nigricaudatus, Neotragus, 137
nigrifrons, Cephalophus, 72
iiigroscapulata, Adenota, 265
nigroscapulatus, Cobus, 265
nigroscapulatus, Cobus coba, 265
nigroscapulatus, Kobus kob, 265
nigrum, Cephalopidium. 91
noacki, Bubalis, 13
noacki, Bubalis tora, 13
notata, Adenota kob, 263
notatus, Kobus kob, 263
Nototragus, 155
Nototragus melanotis, 157
(Nototragus) melanotis, Raphi-

ceros, 155

Nototragus neumanni, 151
nyansae, Cephalophus grimmi, 118
nyansae, Sylvicapra abyssinica, 118
nyasae, Cephalophus, 103
nyasae, Cephalophus (Guevei), 103
nyasae, Cephalophus nyasse, 103

nyasae congicus, Cephalophus, 104
nyasae defriesi, Cephalophus, 104
nyikae, Madoqua kirki, 189
nyikae, Rhynchotragus kirki, 189
nzoiae, Kobus defassa, 237

occidentalis, Cervicapra arundi-
neum, 210

occidentalis, Redunca arundinum,
210

ocularis, Antilope, 113

ocularis, Cephalophus, 113

ocularis, Grimmia, 113

ocularis, Sylvicapra, 113

(CEgocerus) ellipsiprymnus, An-
tilope, 226

ogilbyi, Antilope, 83

ogilbyi, Antilope (Cephalophus) ,
83

ogilbyi, Antilope (Tragelaphus) ,
83

ogilbyi, Cephalophia, 83

ogilbyi, Cephalophorus, 83

ogilbyi, Cephalophus, 83, 84

ogilbyi, Sylvicapra, 83

oleotragus, Antilope, 204

onctuosus, Cobus, 242

Onotragus, 246

(Onotragus) leche, Kobus, 246

Onotragus lechee, 247

(Onotragus) maria, Kobus, 251

Onotragus megaceros, 251

(Onotragus) robertsi, Kobus, 249

(Onotragus) smithemani, Kobus,
249

operculatus, Catoblepas, 51

Oreodorcas, 202

Oreodorcas fulvorufula, 241

Oreotragus, 123

Oreotragus aceratos, 130

oreotragus aceratos, Oreotragus,
130

oreotragus, Antilope, 123, 204

oreotragus, Antilope (Gazella),
124

oreotragus, Antilope (Ourebia),
124

oreotragus, Antilope (Tragulus),
124

oreotragus aureus, Oreotragus,
127

oreotragus, Calotragus, 124

oreotragus, Cemas, 124

oreotragus, Cerophorus (Cervi-
capra), 124

Oreotragus griseus, 156

INDEX

289

Oreotragus bastatus, 135
Oreotragus megalotis, 195
oreotragus, Nanotragus, 124
Oreotragus oreotragus, 123, 124,

126
oreotragus, Oreotragus, 123, 124,

126
Oreotragus oreotragus aceratos,

130

Oreotragus oreotragus aureus, 127
Oreotragus oreotragus oreotragus,

126
oreotragus, Oreotragus oreotragus,

126
Oreotragus oreotragus porteousi,

130
Oreotragus oreotragus saltatrix-

oides, 126
Oreotragus oreotragus schillings!,

127
Oreotragus oreotragus somalicus,

128
oreotragus porteousi, Oreotragus,

130

Oreotragus saltator, 124
Oreotragus saltator aceratos, 130
Oreotragus saltator porteusi, 130
Oreotragus saltator saltatrixoides,

126
Oreotragus saltator schillings!,

127
Oreotragus saltator somalicus,

128

Oreotragus saltator typicus, 126
Oreotragus saltatrix, 124
Oreotragus saltatrixoides, 126
oreotragus saltatrixoides, Oreo-
tragus, 126

Oreotragus schillings!, 127
oreotragus schillings!, Oreotragus,

127

Oreotragus scoparius, 133
Oreotragus somalicus, 128
oreotragus somalicus, Oreotragus,

128

oreotragus, Tragelaphus, 124
Oreotragus tragulus, 147
Oreotragus typicus, 124
Oribi, 134
oribi, Ourebia, 134
Oribia, 132
Oribia cottoni, 144
Oribia goslingi, 143
Oribia haggardi, 140
Oribia hastata, 135
Oribia kenyae, 141
II.

Oribia microdon, 142
Oribia montana, 138
Oribia nigricaudata, 137
Oribia scoparia, 134
Oritragus, 123
ourebi, Antilope, 133
ourebi, Ourebia, 133, 134
ourebi, Scopophorus, 133
Ourebia, 132
Ourebia cottoni, 144
Ourebia gallarum, 144
Ourebia goslingi, 143
Ourebia haggardi, 140
Ourebia hastata, 135
Ourebia kenyse, 141
Ourebia microdon, 142
Ourebia montana, 138
Ourebia montana aequatoria, 140
Ourebia montana montana, 139
Ourebia nigricaudata, 137
(Ourebia) oreotragus, Antilope,

124

Ourebia oribi, 134
Ourebia ourebi, 133, 134
(Ourebia) saltiana, Cephalophus,

175

Ourebia scoparia, 134
(Ourebia) scoparia, Antilope, 133
oureby, Calotragus, 133

pallida, Antilope, 157
pallida, Antilope tragulus, 157
pallida, Calotragus melanotis, 157
pallidus, Kobus ellipsiprymnus,

228

Pediotragus, 146
pediotragus, Antilope, 157
Pediotragus campestris, 148
Pediotragus horstocki, 148
Pediotragus neumanni, 151
Pediotragus rufescens, 157
Pediotragus tragulus, 147
pediotragus, Tragulus, 157
Pediotragus tragulus grayi, 147
Pelea, 199

Pelea capreolus, 109, 200
(Pelea) capreolus, Eleotragus, 200
penricei, Cobus, 245
penricei, Cobus defassa, 245
penricei frommi, Kobus, 245
penricei, Kobus, 245
penricei, Kobus defassa, 245
penricei muenzneri, Kobus, 245
perpusilla, Antilope, 170
perpusilla, Antilope (Cephalo-
phus), 101

U

290

INDEX

perpusillus, Nanotragus, 170

personata, Antilope, 33

perspisilla, Antilope, 101

phallus, Dainaliscus, 46

phallus, Damaliscus corrigum, 46

phallus, Damaliscus korrigum, 46

philantomba, Antilope (Cephalo-
phus), 93

philantomba, Cephalophus, 93

philantomba, Sylvicapra, 94

phillipsi gubanensis, Madoqua,
181

phillipsi harrarensis, Madoqua,
179

phiUipsi, Madoqua, 177, 178

phillipsi, Madoqua phillipsi, 178

piacentinii, Madoqua, 177

platous, Antilope (Cephalophus),
107

platous, Cephalophus, 107

platyotus, Antilope (Cephalo-
phus), 108

pluto, Antilope, 91

Poku, 268

Pookoo, 268

porteousi, Oreotragus oreotragus, j
130

porteusi, Oreotragus saltator, 130

Potamotragus, 63

Potamotragus melanoprymnus, 64

pousarguesi, Adenota, 260

pousarguesi, Cobus coba, 260

powelli, Kobus defassa, 237

ptoox, Cephalophus, 107

ptox, Antilope, 108

Puku, 268

punctulatus, Cephalophus, 64, 94

pusillus guineensis, Cervus, 169

pygarga, Antilope, 33

pygarga, Bubalis, 34

pygarga, Cerophorus (Gazella), 33

pygarga, Damalis, 33

pygarga, Damaliscus, 34

pygarga, Gazella, 33

pygargus, Alcelaphus, 34

pygargus, Cervus, 33

pygargus, Damaliscus, 33, 34

pygmaea, Antilope, 100, 169

pygmaea, Antilope (Gazella), 169

pygmeea, Antilope (Neotragus),
169

pygmaea, Capra, 169

pygmaea, Cemas, 169

pygmaea, Cerophorus (Cervicapra),
169

pygmaea, Neotragus, 169

pygmaea, Sylvicapra, 101
pygmaeus caffer, Cephalophus, 101
pygmaeus, Cephalophus, 101, 169
pygmaeus, Moschus, 169
pygrnaeus, Neotragus, 169, 170
pygmaeus sundevalli, Cephalo-
phus, 97
pygmaeus, Tragulus, 101, 169

rahatensis, Bubalis tora, 11

raineyi, Kobus defassa, 237

Raphiceros, 146

Raphiceros (Nototragus) melano-
tis, 155

Raphiceros sharpei, 158

Raphicerus, 145, 146

(Raphicerus) acuticornis, Anti-
lope, 147

Raphicerus campestris, 146, 148

Raphicerus campestris campes-
tris, 149

Raphicerus campestris capri-
cornis, 153

Raphicerus campestris natalensis,
151

Raphicerus campestris neumanni,
151

Raphicerus campestris stigmati-
cus, 152

Raphicerus melanotis, 156

Raphicerus neumanni, 151

Raphicerus neumanni capricornis,
153

Raphicerus sharpei, 153

Raphicerus sharpei colonicus, 155

Raphicerus sharpei sharpei, 154

(Raphicerus) subulata, Antilope,
147

Redunca, 202, 210

redunca, Antilope, 211, 214

redunca, Antilope (Nagor), 211

redunca, Antilope (Redunca), 211

Redunca arundinum, 205

Redunca arundinum arundinum,
206

Redunca arundinum occidentalis,
210

Redunca bohor, 214

(Redunca) bohor. Antilope, 214

redunca bohor, Cervicapra, 214

redunca bohor, Redunca, 214

Redunca capreolus, 200

redunca, Cerophorus (Cervicapra),
211

redunca, Cervicapra, 211, 221

redunca, Cervicapra redunca, 213

INDEX

291

Eedunca chanleri, 223

redunca cottoni, Cervicapra, 217

redunca cottoni, Eedunca, 217

Eedunca defassa, 232

redunca donaldsoni, Cervicapra,

217

Eedunca eleotragus, 204, 221
redunca, Eleotragus, 221
(Eedunca) eleotrogus, Antilope,

204
Eedunca (Eleotragus) arundinum,

203

Eedunca fulvorufula, 220, 221.
Eedunca fulvorufula chanleri, 223
Eedunca fulvorufula fulvorufula,

222

Eeduuca fulvorufula shoana, 224
Eedunca isabellina, 204, 205
Eedunca lalandii, 221
Eedunca montana, 138
Eedunca multiannulata, 205
Eedunca nagor, 211
redunca nigeriensis, Eedunca, 219
Eedunca redunca, 211, 212
redunca, Eedunca, 211, 212
(Eedunca) redunca, Antilope, 211
Eedunca redunca bohor, 214
Eedunca redunca cottoni, 217
Eedunca redunca nigeriensis, 219
Eedunca redunca redunca, 213
redunca, Eedunca redunca, 213
Eedunca redunca tohi, 217
Eedunca redunca ugandae, 220
Bedunca redunca wardi, 215
Eedunca scoparia, 133
Eedunca thomasinse, 205
redunca tohi, Eedunca, 217
redunca typica, Cervicapra, 213,

219

redunca ugandae, Eedunca, 220
(Eedunca) villosa, Antilope. 200
redunca wardi, Cervicapra, 215
redunca wardi, Eedunca, 215
reduncus, Eleotragus, 204, 211,

214

Eeedbuck, 205
regia, Antilope, 169
regius, Nanotragus, 170
reichei, Catoblepas, 55
reversa, Antilope, 211
Ehaphiceros, 146
Ehaphiceros campestris, 148
Ehaphiceros campestris capricor-

nis, 153

Ehaphiceros campestris neu-
manni, 151

j Ehaphiceros campestris typicus,

149

j Ehaphiceros horstocki, 148
I Ehaphiceros horstocki natal ensis,

151

| Ehaphiceros melanotis, 156
Ehaphiceros neumanni stigmati-

cus, 152

Ehaphiceros sharpei, 153
Ehaphiceros sharpei colonicus,

155

Ehaphicerus campestris, 148
Ehaphocerus, 145
Ehynchotragus, 183
Ehynchotragus cavendishi, 185
(Ehynchotragus) cavendishi, Ma-
doqua, 185
Ehynchotragus cavendishi minor,

187

Ehynchotragus cordeauxi, 182
Ehynchotragus damarensis, 184
(Ehynchotragus) damarensis, Ma-

doqua, 184

Ehynchotragus damareneis vari-
" ani, 185

Ehynchotragus erlangeri, 182
Ehynchotragus guentheri, 191
(Ehynchotragus) guentheri, Ma-

doqua, 191
Ehynchotragus guentheri smithi,

194
Ehynchotragus guentheri wrough-

toni, 193

Ehynchotragus hindei, 190
Ehynchotragus kirki, 188
Ehynchotragus kirki hindei, 190
(Ehynchotragus) kirki, Madoqua,

187, 188

Ehynchotragus kirki nyikae, 189
(Ehynchotragus) nasoguttata, Ma-
doqua, 194

Ehynchotragus nasoguttatus, 194
(Ehynchotragus) nasoguttatus,

Madoqua, 194

Ehynchotragus thomasi, 191
(Ehynchotragus) thomasi, Mado-
qua, 191
Eietbok, 205

robertsi, Cephalophus, 70, 78
robertsi, Cephalophus natalensis,

70

robertsi, Cobus, 249
robertsi, Kobus (Onotragus), 249
Eobus, 225
Eooi Hartebeest, 25
Eooi Ehebok, 221

292

INDEX

roosevelti, Bubalis lelwel, 24
roosevelti, Cephalophus grimmi,

121

roosevelti, Sylvicapra grimmi, 121
rothschildi, Bubalis, 16
rothschildi, Bubalis cokei, 16
Koyal Antelope, 170
rubidior, Cephalophus rufilatus,

89

rubidus, Cephalophus, 73
rubro-albescens, Antilope, 156
rufa, Antilope, 211
rufescens, Antilope, 157
rufescens, Calotragus, 157
rufescens, Pediotragus, 157
ruficrista, Cephalophus, 64
rufigianus, Connochaetes taurinus,

(johnstoni), 57
rufilatus, Antilope (Cephalolo-

phus), 87

rufilatus, Cephalophus, 86
rufilatus, Cephalophus rufilatus,

87

rufilatus cuvieri, Cephalophus, 87
rufilatus rubidior, Cephalophus,

87

rupestris, Antilope, 147
rupestris, Antilope tragulus, 147
rupestris, Tragulus, 147

saltator aceratos, Oreotragus, 130
saltator, Oreotragus, 124
saltator porteusi, Oreotragus, 130
saltator saltatrixoides, Oreotragus,

126
saltator schillings!, Oreotragus,

127
saltator somalicus, Oreotragus,

128

saltator typicus, Oreotragus, 126
saltatrix, Antilope, 123
saltatrix, Calotragus, 124
saltatrix, Oreotragus, 124
saltatrixoides, Antilope, 124
saltatrixoides, Calotragus, 126
saltatrixoides, Oreotragus, 126
saltatrixoides, Oreotragus oreo-

tragus, 126
saltatrixoides, Oreotragus saltator,

126

saltiana, Antilope, 174
saltiana, Antilope (Neotragus),

174
saltiana, Cephalophus (Ourebia),

175

saltiana, Cerophorus (Cervicapra),

174

saltiana, Madoqua, 174
saltianus, Calotragus, 175
saltianus, Neotragus, 174
saltianus, Nesotragus, 175
Sassaby, 38

schillings!, Oreotragus, 127
schillings!, Oreotragus oreotragus,

127
schillings!, Oreotragus saltator,

127

schubotzi, Kobus defassa, 236
sclateri, Cephalophus, 64
scoparia, Antilope, 133
scoparia, Antilope (Ourebia), 133
scoparia, Oribia, 134
scoparia, Ourebia, 134
scoparia, Eedunca, 133
scoparius, Calotragus, 133
scoparius, Nanotragus, 133
scoparius, Neotragus, 134
scoparius, Oreotragus, 133
scoparius, Scopophorus, 134
Scopophorus, 132
Scopophorus hastatus, 135
Scopophorus montanus, 137, 138
Scopophorus ourebi, 133
Scopophorus scoparius, 134
scripta, Capra, 33
selbornei, Bubalis caama, 27
selousi, Damaliscus oorrigum, 44
selousi, Damaliscus korrigum, 44
senegalensis, Antilope, 39, 242
senegalensis, Damalis, 39, 42, 44
senganus, Cobus, 269
senganus, Cobus vardoni, 269
senganus, Kobus vardoni, 269
sharpei colonicus, Raphicerus, 155
sharpei colonicus, Rhaphiceros,

155

sharpei, Raphiceros, 153
sharpei, Raphicerus, 153
| sharpei, Raphicerus sharpei, 154
! sharpei, Rhaphiceros, 153
j shirensis, Cephalophus abyssini-

cus, 120
shirensis, Cephalophus grimmi,

120
i shoana, Cervicapra fulvorufula,

224

shoana, Redunca fulvorufula, 224
Sig, 12

Sigmoceros, 3

Sigmoceros lichtensteini, 29
silvicultrix, Antilope, 63

INDEX

293

simpsoni, Cephalophus, 105
simpsoni, Cephalophus (Guevei),

105

Sing-sing, 233, 242
sing-sing, Adenota, 242
sing-sing, Antilope, 241
sing-sing, Cervus, 241
sing-sing, Cobus, 242
sing-sing, Cobus defassa, 242
sing-sing, Kobus, 232, 234, 241
smithemani, Cobus, 249
smithemani, Kobus (Onotragus),

249

sinithenianni, Cobus, 249
sniithi, Madoqua guentheri, 194
smithi, Rhynchotragus guentheri,

194

somalicus, Oreotragus, 128
somalicus, Oreotragus oreotragus,

128
somalicus, Oreotragus saltator,

128

spadix, Cephalophus, 67
spiniger, Antilope (Spinigera),

169

spiniger, Calotragus, 170
spiniger, Cephalophus, 170
spiniger, Nanotragus, 169
Spinigera, 158
spinigera, Antilope, 169
(Spinigera) spiniger, Antilope, 169
splendidula, Grimmia, 114
splendidulus, Cephalophus

grimmi, 114
Steinbok, 148
stenbock, Cerophorus (Cervi-

capra), 147
stigmaticus, Eaphiceros campes-

tris, 152
stigmaticus, Raphiceros neu-

manni, 152
subalpina, Cervicapra fulvorufula,

221
subulata, Antilope (Raphicerus),

147
sundevalli, Cephalophus mela-

norheus, 97
sundevalli, Cephalophus pyg-

niaeus, 97

swaynei, Bubalis, 12
swaynei, Bubalis tora, 12
swaynei, Madoqua, 176
Sylvicapra, 107
Sylvicapra abyssinica, 117
Sylvicapra abyssinica nyansae, 118
Sylvicapra caftra, 108

Sylvicapra campbelliae, 116
Sylvicapra coronata, 115
Sylvicapra coronata campbelliae,

116

Sylvicapra frederici, 94
Sylvicapra grimmi, 108
Sylvicapra grimmi altivallis, 120
(Sylvicapra) grimmi, Cephalo-
phus, 107

Sylvicapra grimmi roosevelti, 121
Sylvicapra grimmia, 86, 108, 115
Sylvicapra leucoprosopus, 121
(Sylvicapra)leucoprosopus, Cepha-
lophus, 121

Sylvicapra madoqua, 117
Sylvicapra mergens, 108
Sylvicapra natalensis, 68
Sylvicapra ocularis, 113
Sylvicapra ogilbyi, 83
Sylvicapra philantomba, 94
Sylvicapra pygmsea, 101
Sylvicapra sylvicultrix, 64
sylvicultor, Cephalophus, 64
sylvicultor coxi, Cephalophus, 64
sylvicultrix, Antilope, 63
sylvicultrix, Antilope (Cephalo-
phus), 63
sylvicultrix, Antilope (Grimmia),

63

sylvicultrix Cephalophus, 63
sylvicultrix, Sylvicapra, 64

taurina, Antilope, 54
taurinus albojubatus, Conno-
chaetes, 58

taurinus, Catoblepas, 54
taurinus, Connochaetes, 54
taurinus, Connochaetes taurinus,

56

taurinus, Gorgon, 55
taurinus hecki, Connochaetes, 57
taurinus johnstoni, Connochaetes,

57
taurinus (johnstoni) rufigianus,

Connochaetes, 57

taurinus typicus, Connochaetes, 56
taurius, Connochaetes, 55
taurius, Gorgon, 55
Terpone, 63

Terpone longiceps, 64, 66
(Terpone) longiceps, Antilope, 66
thikae, Kobus ellipsiprymnus, 228
thomasi, Adenota, 264
thomasi, Adenota kob, 264
thomasi, Cephalophus, 64
thomasi, Cobus, 264

294

INDEX

thomasi, Cobus (Adenota), 264
thomasi, Cobus coba, 264
thomasi, Kobus kob, 264
thomasi, Madoqua (Rhynchotra-

gus), 191

thomasi, Rhynchotragus, 191
thomasinae, Cervicapra, 205
thomasinse, Eedunca, 205
Tiang, 40, 43
tiang, Damalis, 42
tiang, Damaliscus, 42
tiang, Damaliscus corrigum, 43
tiang, Damaliscus korrigum, 42,

43

tiang-riel, Damalis, 42
tjsederi, Cobus defassa, 235
tjaederi, Kobus defassa, 235
Tohi, 217

tohi, Redunca redunca, 217
Tora, 9

tora, Alcelaphus, 8
tora, Bubalis, 8, 9, 11
tora, Bubalis tora, 10
tora digglei, Bubalis, 11
tora neumanni, Bubalis, 18
tora noacki, Bubalis, 13
tora rahatensis, Bubalis, 11
tora swaynei, Bubalis, 12
tora typica, Bubalis, 10
Tragelaphus hemprichii, 175
Tragelaphus madoqua, 117
Tragelaphus melanotis, 156
Tragelaphus mergens, 108
Tragelaphus montanus, 138
(Tragelaphus) ogilbyi, Antilope,

83

Tragelaphus oreotragus, 124
Tragelaphus pygmaeus, 101
Tragelaphus tragulus, 147
Tragulus, 158
tragulus, Antilope, 146
tragulus, Calotragus, 147
tragulus grayi, Pediotragus, 147
Tragulus melanotis, 156
tragulus melanotis, Antilope, 156
tragulus, Nanotragus, 148
tragulus, Neotragus, 148
tragulus, Oreotragus, 147
(Tragulus) oreotragus, Antilope,

124

tragulus pallida, Antilope, 157
Tragulus pediotragus, 157
tragulus, Pediotragus, 147
Tragulus pygmaeus, 101, 169
Tragulus rupestris, 147
tragulus rupestris, Antilope, 147

tragulus, Tragelaphus, 147
tschadensis, Bubalis lelwel, 20
tschadensis, Kobus defassa, 235
tschadensis, Kobus unctuosus,

235

Tsesebe, 38

typica, Bubalis lelwel, 20
typica, Bubalis tora, 10
typica, Cervicapra redunca, 213,

219

typica, Madoqua kirki, 188
typicus, Cephalophus melano-

rheus, 97

typicus, Cobus coba, 256
typicus, Cobus defassa, 238
typicus, Cobus vardoni, 269
typicus, Connochaetes taurinus, 56
typicus, Nesotragus livingstonia-

nus, 163

typicus, Oreotragus, 124
typicus, Oreotragus saltator, 126
I typicus, Rhaphiceros campestris,

149

| ubangiensis, Adenota kob, 259
! ubangiensis, Kobus kob, 259
| ugandae, Cervicapra bohor, 220
I ugandae, Cobus defassa, 240
ugandae, Kobus defassa, 240
ugandae, Kobus unctuosus, 240
ugandae, Redunca redunca, 220
j unctuosa, Antilope, 241
I unctuosa, Kobus, 242
1 unctuosa uwendensis, Kobus, 238
unctuosus, Cobus, 242
unctuosus, Cobus defassa, 242
j unctuosus defassa, Cobus, 238
! unctuosus, Kobus, 242
unctuosus, Kobus defassa, 241,

242

unctuosus matschiei, Kobus, 234
unctuosus tschadensis, Kobus,

235

| unctuosus ugandae, Kobus, 240
j uwendensis, Kobus unctuosa, 238

Vaal Rhebok, 200
vardoni, Adenota, 268
vardoni, Antilope, 268
vardoni, Cobus, 268

| vardoni, Eleotragus, 268

I vardoni, Kobus, 268
vardoni, Kobus (Adenota), 268
vardoni, Kobus vardoni, 269
vardoni loderi, Cobus, 260
vardoni senganus, Cobus, 269

INDKX

295

vardoni senganus, Kobus, 269
vardoni typicus, Cobus, 269
vardonii, Heleotragus, 268
variani, Madoqua damarensis, 185
variani, Rhynchotragus damar-
ensis, 185

vaughani, Adenota [kob] , 265
vaughani, Cobus, 265
vaughani, Kobus, 265
villosa, Antilope, 200
villosa, Antilope (Redunca), 200
villosus, Eleotragus, 200

walkeri, Cephalophus, 92

wardi, Cervicapra bohor, 214, 215

wardi, Cervicapra redunca, 215

wardi, Redunca redunca, 215

Wasserbok, 227

Waterbuck, 227

Western Kob, 256

weynsi, Cephalophus, 74
White-Bearded Gnu, 58
whittieldi, Cephalophus, 94
Wildebeest, 52
wroughtoni, Madoqua guentheri,

193
wuil, Adenota, 267

Yellow-backed Duiker, 64

zanzibaricus, Cephalophorus, 160

zebra, Antilope, 89

zebra, Darnalis, 89

zebra, Cephalophorus, 89

zebrata, Antilope, 89

zuluensis, Neotragus livingston-

ianus, 164

zuluensis, Nesotragus, 164
zuluensis, Nesotragus livingston-

ianus, 164

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