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THE CELEBRATION OF THE

TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH
ANNIVERSARY

OF THE

ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

JULY 15-19, 1912

LONDON
PRINTED FOR THE ROYAL SOCIETY
AT THE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
AND SOLD BY HUMPHREY MILFORD, AMEN CORNER, E.C.

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CONTENTS

NARRATIVE OF THE CELEBRATION AND List oF DELEGATES . fa ; ar:
AppRESS BY THE DEAN oF WESTMINSTER . ° é : ‘ ‘ 5
ADDRESS BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE Roya Sociery . : cw Ge 8
Latin SprEecHES By THE Pusric Orators oF THE UNIVERSITIES OF
Oxrorp anp CAMBRIDGE IN PRESENTING DELEGATES For Honorary.
DEGREES. » A 7 2 ‘ ~ 7 : : -
ApprEssEs oF FEticrraTion : ; : : : : F Pag ke |
TELEGRAMS AND LETTERS . r 7 f . ; : 4 a ESS
125

InpEx ‘ ; : : : 3 A : . R

THE ROYAL SOCIETY

CELEBRATION OF THE 250rH ANNIVERSARY

On the 15th of July 1662 a Charter granted by King Charles IT
passed the Great Seal incorporating, under the name of ‘The
Royal Society’, a company of eminent and enthusiastic men who
for some years had been prosecuting the study of Natural Science,
or, as it was then termed, Experimental Philosophy. This date
has accordingly been reckoned to be that of the birth of the
Society as an organized association. The approach of the 250th
return of the day suggested that the event was one which might
appropriately be marked by some special form of commemoration,
Hence, early in the year 1911 the President and Council of the
Society determined to make it the occasion of a Celebration
which should be held at a time as near as might be found
conyenient to that of the Society’s birthday on 15th July
1912.

As an appropriate permanent memorial of the occasion two
volumes were undertaken to be prepared and published—(1) a new
edition of the ‘ Record’ of the Society and (2) a facsimile repro-
duction of the pages of signatures of the Fellows in the Charter-
book, from that of the Royal Founder down to those entered in
the summer of 1912.

The ‘ Record ’, as revised, re-arranged, and enlarged, is intended
to give an account of the foundation and early history of the
Society with the text of all its Charters, its Statutes with their
variations down to the present time, the Society’s various Trusts,
lists of its Benefactors, its Presidents and Officers and its Medal-
lists and Lecturers, with an account of its Library, Portraits,
Busts, and Medals, likewise full details regarding the existing

Committees and the various work of the Society. The Chrono-
B

2 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

logical Register of the Fellows has been thoroughly revised and
for the first time made complete,

The facsimile reproduction of the Signatures has been success-
fully accomplished by the University Press, Oxford, and has been
published in a folio volume with the title, ‘The Signatures in the
First Journal-book and the Charter-book of the Royal Society.’
This interesting volume contains the autographs of the Fellows
from the first founders down to the present day, and is probably
the most extensive existing collection of the signatures of dis-
tinguished leaders in science during the last two centuries and
a half. Besides the pages of the Charter-book, the volume
also comprises facsimiles of three pages of the first Journal-
book of the Society, on which, under date 5th December 1660,
are inscribed the autograph signatures of the original company
of men of science and their friends and well-wishers who resolved
to form themselves into an organized Society, and who, some
nineteen months later, were incorporated by the King as ‘ The
Royal Society’. One of the chief difficulties in the preparation of
this facsimile volume arose in the decipherment of many of the
signatures and the compilation of an alphabetical List which
should give accurately the dates of admission into the Society,
with the page of the Charter-book on which each signature would
be found. But in the end every signature was identified, and the
volume together with the ‘Record’ were both ready for dis-
tribution by the 13th of July, on which day the President and.
Treasurer had the honour of presenting a copy of each volume to
His Majesty King George V, who was graciously pleased to
accept them and to express his interest in the forthcoming
Celebration. Copies of these volumes were subsequently sent to
the Universities, Academies, and other Institutions that were
represented at the Anniversary.

The invitations to be present in London for the purpose of
attending the Society’s Celebration began to be issued in January
1912. Each Foreign Member and a number of eminent foreign
men of science who were not Members were specially invited,
and the Universities, Academies, and other learned Institutions in
the United Kingdom, in the British Dominions beyond the Sea,
and in all the civilized countries of the world, were each asked to

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250th ANNIVERSARY 8

send a delegate. The illuminated Invitation was in Latin and in
the accompanying form, with the requisite verbal variations in the
last paragraph when addressed to individual persons.

It was arranged that the various functions should extend from the
evening of Monday, July 15th, to the evening of Thursday, 18th.
The following Diary was printed and placed in the hands of the
Fellows and visitors before the proceedings began :

Monpay, Jury 15ru.

Evening Reception of the Delegates in the Rooms of the Royal Society,
Burlington House, Piccadilly, 8.30 to 11 p.m. The Enquiry Office will
be open from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. this day, and on application there,
Delegates and Fellows will obtain all the tickets required for the various
functions of the Celebration.

Turspay, Jury 16rn.

Commemorative Service in Westminster Abbey ; 12 noon.

Formal Reception of the Delegates and Presentation of Addresses in the
Great Library of the Royal Society, 2.30 p.m.

Banquet in the Guildhall of the City of London, 6.30 for 7 p.m.

Wenpnespay, Jury 17ru.

Visits in the morning to Places of Interest in and near London.

Garden Party given by Her Grace the Duchess of Northumberland, at Syon
House, on the Thames (4 to 7 o'clock).

Conversazione at the Royal Society, 9 o’clock.

Tuurspay, Jury 18ru.

Visits in the morning to Places of Interest in and near London.

Garden Party at Windsor given by Their Majesties the King and Queen.

In the evening Dinner Parties; particulars of which will await Delegates and
Fellows at Burlington House from the morning of Monday, July 15th,

onward.

The formal Celebration was held in the Rooms of the Royal
Society in Burlington House. For the convenience of those
attending it, an Enquiry Office and Post Office were fitted up
in the adjoining meeting-room of the Geological Society, which

that Society had kindly lent for the occasion, and where all the
B2

4 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

cards of invitation, tickets, and other documents connected with
the Celebration were obtainable.

A number of the Clubs in the west end of London elected
Foreign and Colonial Delegates Honorary Members during the
time of the commemoration. A Committee of Ladies was formed
for the purpose of providing entertainment for ladies accompanying
- delegates, at such times as they would not be present at the
functions of the Society. The meeting-room of the Royal Society
was set apart for the use of these ladies. The Ladies’ Committee
took care that some of their number should always be in attend-
ance in that room at specified hours in order to render every
assistance in their power. By wearing different coloured badges
they indicated which of them spoke French; German, or Italian.
They organized visits to the Royal Gardens, Kew, and to places of
interest in London, and some of their number accompanied the
excursionists.

A Register was kept in which every Delegate was requested
to sign his name. ‘This collection of autographs forms an
interesting record which will be preserved among the Society’s
archives.

The Royal Society’s invitation met with a cordial reception
all over the globe. The great majority of the Universities,
' Academies, and other scientific Institutions sent delegates who
presented congratulatory addresses. In cases where delegation
was not attempted the addresses arrived by post together with
many telegrams of felicitation. The following is a brief narrative
of the proceedings throughout the Anniversary :

Monpay, JuLy 15TH, 1912.

This being the birthday of the Royal Society the President,
Council, and Fellows assembled in the evening in their Library
for the purpose of informally welcoming such of the Delegates as
had already arrived in London, and settling with them some of
the arrangements for the more formal reception to be held on the
following day. A large proportion of visitors were present, though
some were unable to reach London in time for this meeting,

2501H ANNIVERSARY 5

Turespay JuLy 161TH.

By arrangement with the Dean and Chapter, a short com-
memorative service was held at noon in the ancient Abbey of
Westminster. Assembling in the historic Jerusalem Chamber,
the President and Council of the Royal Society, in academic
dress and preceded by the Society’s Mace, followed in procession
the Dean and clergy to the places reserved for them. Seats were set
apart for the general body of the Fellows, for the Foreign Members,
and for the Delegates and ladies who had accompanied them.
The music was arranged and conducted by the organist of the
Abbey, Sir Frederick Bridge, C.V.O., Mus.Doc. 'Towards the
close of the service a short address was given by the Dean, the
Right Reverend Bishop Ryle, C.V.O., D.D., who, at the request
of the Society, has permitted it to be printed here.

ADDRESS BY THE DEAN OF WESTMINSTER.

1 Esdras iv. 38, 40, 41. Truth abideth, and is strong for ever; she liveth
and conquereth for evermore. ... Blessed be the God of truth. ... And all
the people then shouted, and said, Great is truth, and strong above all things.

‘Magna est veritas, et praevalet.’

‘ There have been times even within the memory of some who
are gathered within these walls, when a welcome such as we have
desired to give in this Abbey to the Members of the Royal
Society on the occasion of its 250th Anniversary, would have
received but a faint echo from the religious world of this country.

‘The perturbation which took possession of men’s minds last
century at the period of the most startling of the discoveries in
Natural Science was wont to betray itself too often in ill-considered
words of fear, impatience, and indignation. Nor need we wonder.
To quote the words of John Fiske: “‘ The men of the present day
who have kept pace with the scientific movement are separated
from the men whose education ended in 1830 by an immeasurably
wider gulf than ever before divided one progressive generation of
men from their predecessors.” Misunderstanding, apprehension,
and friction were the result.

6 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

‘We look back with regret upon any occasion when the cause
of truth on any of its many sides has been compromised by the
attitude of its defenders; or when the spirit of charity and
toleration has been forgotten in the wretched atmosphere of
controversy.

‘Times are changed. I believe I may claim to speak in the
name of the whole world of contemporary Christian thought,
when in this Abbey I give expression to the gratitude which, as
a rule, we clergy have little opportunity to render, for the amazing
enrichment of human thought which has resulted from the patient
researches of Natural Science during the past two hundred and fifty,
and in particular during the past eighty, years. We thank God for
the great and glorious work that has been done by the men of
science; for the widening of human thought; for the elevation com-
municated to the methods and ideals of study. “Science,” as has
finely been said by an eminent religious teacher in our own day—
“ science is truly a revelation. ... Instead of the round world which
cannot be moved, every star that twinkles in the sky becomes
a fiery sun whirling through the deeps of space. Instead of the
six days of creation, we look down vistas of time to which
a thousand years are no more than a watch in the night. Instead
of repeated acts of creation, we see a mighty chain of life
stretching upwards from the sea-weeds and the sponges to—where
shall we put a limit to all-enduring patience and all-sovereign
goodness ?” *

‘ With all humility we express our grateful obligation for the
benefits which for a quarter of a millennium have been rendered in
this country by the Royal Society. In no small measure it has
been due to the weight of wise opinion created by its studies and
observations, that the intellectual life of the people has emerged
so far as it has from the influence of the Middle Ages. The work
of the Royal Society has tended to elevate and purify thought.
It is untrammelled by party politics. Its studies overleap the
barriers of race and language. They make for the peace of the
world, as well as for the well-being of every class. They con-
tinually contribute to the promotion of Unity. Truth is one;
and however feebly our words may express it, yet we are convinced

1 Gwatkin, Knowledge of God, ii. 275.

250th ANNIVERSARY 7

that the discoveries of Science discharge a truly prophetic office
in making known to mankind the facts of the Universe, in which
we believe we may read the record of the Will of the Supreme
Mind. And in deepest humility we express our conviction that
the God whose laws are discerned in evolution, gravitation, and
the conservation of energy is He whose laws will be no less
clearly discerned in love, forgiveness, and redemption, in the
spiritual existence and in the gift of immortality.

‘We stand, as it were, bareheaded, while you proclaim to
a solemnized and attentive world the wonderful mysteries of the
Universe. You have added sanctity to the knowledge of phe-
nomena; you have laid deep and lasting the foundations of
accurate research; you have quickened intellectual life with the
enthusiasm for the investigation of truth. You bid us not stand,
but go forward. .

‘In conclusion, let me remind you, while I bring to an end this
word of welcome to our Abbey, that we revere in this place the
great names which are famous on your roll of distinction, and
which are no less famous among the memorials committed to our
keeping. Newton and Darwin, Herschel and Adams, Humphry
Davy and Woodward, Buckland, Lyell and Joule, William
Spottiswoode and Stokes and Kelvin, how varied, how illustrious
is this galaxy of men, so simple in their lives, so potent in their
influence! It is not for me to speak. But I suppose we should
not be wrong to assume that even with the light which the work
of these great men has shed upon the pathway of the progress of
mankind, we have only so far travelled a little way out of darkness.
What may ‘we not in all humility pray for and expect from
the discoveries of Natural Science in the next two hundred and
fifty years ?

‘That in the future, as in the past, the work of your Society
may be blessed to the increase of human knowledge, for the good
of our fellow creatures, and in the maintenance of just and
charitable opinion among all classes of the community, is, I am
sure, the earnest prayer of every man who has the fear of God in
his heart.

‘«Tf Reason may not command,” said Whichcote, some two
hundred and fifty years ago, “it will condemn.” And it is

8 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

through the pre-eminent influence of the men of the Royal Society
in the field of Natural Science, that we believe that Reason, as
the noblest gift of God to man, will assert its unfailing and bene-
ficent sway, never ceasing to be touched with the passionate search
for the secrets of truth and ever fired with the love of our fellow
creatures, and animated with the generous hope of benefiting them
through the application of scientific discovery. Magna est veritas,
et praevalet.

In the afternoon at 2.30 the formal Reception of the Delegates
took place in the Great Library of the Royal Society, which was
completely filled. ‘The Delegates were grouped according to the
countries they represented, these countries being taken in alpha-
betical order. After the visitors had been marshalled to the seats
reserved for each country the proceedings began with an address
from the President, Sir Archibald Geikie, who spoke as follows :

ADDRESS OF THE PRESIDENT.

‘On behalf of the Royal Society, I desire to express our warm
appreciation of the sympathetic response which has been made by
so many Universities, Academies, and learned Institutions in all
parts of the world, and by so many distinguished men of science,
to our invitation to celebrate with us on this occasion the 250th
birthday of the Society. No more striking proof than is presented
by this assembly could be given of the reality and cordiality of
that spirit of frank and loyal co-operation which unites into one
great brotherhood the students of science in every land and in
every language. We welcome you, Gentlemen, with our whole
heart. We appreciate most sincerely the honour which has been
conferred on the Royal Society by your presence here to-day. We
greet the Delegates who bring to us the felicitations of some of
the oldest centres of culture in Europe, which had become famous
some centuries before our own Society was born. Not less fully
do we rejoice to meet the Delegates from the younger Institutions
in our own and other lands, who have come from British dominions
beyond the seas, from furthest Asia and Africa, and in such numbers
from the Great Republi¢ across the Atlantic where the lamp of
science now burns with so bright a radiance and in so many

250rn ANNIVERSARY 9

centres of growing activity. While it is a proud satisfaction to
receive among our guests to-day leaders in science whose names
have become honoured household words in all parts of the globe,
the gratification is not less to find, among your number, scholars
who represent the older literary learning, who have been deputed
to convey to us the congratulations of the time-honoured Univer-
sities which they adorn. ‘To one and all we return our grateful
thanks for your presence here at our Celebration. We sincerely
desire that the few festal days which you are to spend with us
may be in every way enjoyable to you, so that your impressions
of your visit to London on this occasion may become a pleasant
memory which you will care to cherish in the days to come.
‘Two hundred and fifty years seem in some respects no long
span of time in the course of human history, but the two hundred
and fifty years across which we look back to-day have been in the
history of science a period of momentous importance, crowded
with incident, and full of marvellous achievement. When in
the earlier decades of the seventeenth century Francis Bacon was
so cogently insisting on the necessity of studying Nature by the
careful observation of facts and the testing of conclusions by
experiment, he made but slight practical impression in England.
The seed which he sowed did not spring into life until after he
had passed away. About the middle of the century, however, the
spirit of eager curiosity and inquiry with regard to the world
wherein we live, which spread over all civilized countries, reached
England also. Nature was still, as it had been from the earliest
days of mankind, a vast unknown region, full on every hand of
mystery and wonder. Even the most everyday phenomena
presented to thoughtful minds problems for which no satisfactory
solution had been found. The earnest desire to seek an explana-
tion of some of these familiar phenomena at last induced a re-
markable group of men in this country to organize themselves
systematically for the prosecution of that experimental philosophy
which Bacon had so longed to see pursued. The time, however,
was not propitious, for it was one of political turmoil and civil war
in England. The studious men who desired to pursue these
researches sought refuge from the social strife in the quiet
investigation of Nature. They met weekly in London, where they

10 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

discussed many and diverse questions in physical and biological
science, devising and carrying into execution numerous experi-
ments by which they tried to ascertain the nature and connexion
of some of the fundamental processes in the economy of this world.
When the civil commotions drove them from their meeting-place
in London, some of the more active and enthusiastic among their
number sought the shelter of Oxford, where, under the hospitable
roof of Wadham College, they were able to continue their inquiries.

‘ The restoration of the Monarchy in the early summer of the
year 1660, which led to the re-establishment of settled order in
the country, allowed the resumption of scientific meetings in the
autumn of that year. With the brighter prospects of peace
before them, the philosophers assembled once more in the
picturesque Gresham College in the city of London, and for the
better accomplishment of their aims they determined to form
themselves into a definite Society with a regular organization and
a common fund from which the cost of experiments could be
defrayed. Had they restricted the membership of their proposed
Society to men of science, properly so called, their number would
hardly have exceeded two score. But with commendable fore-
sight they took advantage of the prevalent spirit of curiosity
regarding the secrets of Nature, and gathered round them
a company of three times their own number comprising prominent
representatives of the Church, of Law, of Medicine, of Politics,
and of the Public Services. Their adherents included also men
of letters, and it is specially noteworthy that among these were
the foremost poets in the England of that day—John Dryden,
Edmund Waller, John Denham, Abraham Cowley, William
Hammond, and Thomas Stanley. This brilliant assemblage of
the intellect and learning of the time soon attracted the notice and
the active sympathy of King Charles II, who himself had his full
share of the widespread contagion of curiosity and inquiry. He
attended some of the meetings of the infant Society, and on the
15th July 1662 granted to it a Charter of Incorporation with the
name of “ The Royal Society ” and the definite constitution under
which it is still governed. That date was thus regarded as the
birthday of the Society which, after the lapse of two centuries and
a half, we are met to-day to celebrate.

250th ANNIVERSARY 11

‘The career of the Royal Society is fully recorded in its various
publications. Its “Philosophical Transactions” and “ Proceedings”,
and likewise the separate works which it has issued, form a chro-
nicle from which the successive stages in the progress of modern
science can be followed. ‘The enumeration of only a few of the
names which appear in these volumes shows that the Society has
counted among its Fellows some of the great leaders in all branches
of Natural Knowledge. Starting its career with a notable group of
physicists and mathematicians,among whom were Robert Boyle and
John Wilkins, it ere long welcomed Isaac Newton into its ranks,
published his immortal “ Principia”, and annually elected him as
its President for nearly a quarter of a century. The physical
sciences have all along been strongly represented here. It seems
but yesterday that James Clerk Maxwell’s voice was heard in
these rooms and that Stokes and Kelvin sat in the presidential
chair. That the succession of leaders is still well maintained, the
presence here to-day of Lord Rayleigh, Sir William Crookes, Sir
Joseph Thomson, Sir Joseph Larmor, and many others amply
proves. Nor have the biological sciences been less prominent in
the work of the Society. From the early days of John Ray down to
those of Charles Darwin, Hooker, Huxley and Lister, every branch
of biology has been illustrated and advanced by our Fellows.

‘As Science knows no restriction of country or language, the
Royal Society has from its earliest beginning cultivated friendly
relations with fellow workers in research all over the world. The
first list of original members includes the honoured name of the
physicist and astronomer Huygens, some of whose gifts to us we
still possess; and from that time till now the Society has been
proud to inscribe on the roll of its Foreign Members the names of
the most illustrious exponents of science in each generation. It
has been glad also to recognize distinction by the award of its
medals far beyond the bounds of the British Dominions. At the
same time the Academies and Universities of other lands have
ever shown a generous recognition of the labours of the Fellows
of the Royal Society, honouring them by electing them into their
membership or by conferring upon them academic degrees. This
confraternity of the commonwealth of science reaches to-day the
climax of its manifestation in our experience, when we receive »

12 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

delegates from so many countries who by their presence here ex-
press the sympathy and goodwill of the various institutions which
they represent. To these institutions, venerable and youthful,
a formal expression of our grateful appreciation will in due course
be transmitted. In the meantime I will conclude these opening
remarks by again thanking you for your presence here to-day and
bidding you a cordial welcome to the halls of the Royal Society.’

The presentation of Addresses from the various Institutions
represented then began. The delegations, as arranged in the
alphabetical order of the countries represented by them, are given
in the following list. As it would have been impossible that the
Addresses should be read at the meeting, one delegate from each
country was selected who should briefly express the friendly
feelings of his compatriots. 'The Addresses themselves will be
found in extenso from p. 31 to p. 122 of this volume.

25011 ANNIVERSARY 13

List or DELEGATES ATTENDING THE CELEBRATION.

EUROPE.

Austrta-Huncary.

Imperial Academy of Sciences,
Vienna :
Bohemian Karl-Ferdinand Univer- Prof. Dr. Frantisek Vejdovsky, Rector.
sity, Prague
Imperial Broadens of Sciences, Cra- Prof, Dr. Leo Marchlewski.
cow
Royal Hungarian University, Buda- Prof. Izidor Fréhlich, Rector.
pest

Betcrum,
University of Louvain . : . Prof. A. de Hemptinne.
Royal Academy of Sciences, Brussels Prof. Louis Dollo.

Denmark.
University of Copenhagen. - Prof. Hector F. E. Jungersen.

Royal Danish Society of Science, Prof. Eug. Warming.
Copenhagen

- France.

‘University of Paris : Prof. Emile Picard, Membre de l'Institut.
Academy of Sciences, Institute of Mons. Gabriel Lippmann, President.
France, Paris p Prof. Charles Barrois, Membre de
: Institut.
Observatory, Paris : ; . Mons. Henri Deslandres, Membre de
l'Institut.

Mons. A. Haller, Membre de l'Institut.
French Society of Physics, Paris . Mons. E. B. Baillaud, Membre de
l'Institut,
Botanical Society of France, Paris . Mons. Philippe de Vilmorin.
Chemical Society of France, Paris . Mons. Hanriot, President.
University of Bordeaux . , . Prof. A. Pitres,
National Academy of Bordeaux . Prof. A. Pitres.
University of Clermont-Ferrand . Prof. Pellet.
University of Lille : - .» Prof. A. Schatz.
University of Nancy . . . M.Ch, Adam,*Rector,
University of Toulouse . d + Prof. Jules Drach.

14 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

Evrore—continued.

GERMANY,
University of Berlin. : . Prof. Dr. W. Waldeyer.
Prof. Dr. W. Nernst.

University of Bonn ; : . Prof. Dr, H. Kayser.
University of Breslau. : . Prof. Dr. Adolf Kneser, Rector.
University of Erlangen . < . Prof. Dr. Varnhagen.
University of Freiburg-im-Breisgau Prof. Dr. Oskar Bolza.

University of Giessen. : . Prof. Dr. Walter Konig.
University of Gottingen ; . Prof. Dr. Woldemar Voigt, Rector.
University of Greifswald ; . Dr. Otto Jaekel.
University of Halle A : . Prof. Dr. J. Veit.
University of Heidelberg . Prof. Dr. G. Quincke.
University of Kénigsberg . Prof. Dr. G. Winter.
University of Leipzig . : . Prof. Dr. Eduard Sievers.
Prof. Dr. W. Ostwald.
University of Marburg . ‘ . Prof. Dr. Eugen Korschelt.
University of Munich . ‘ . Prof. Dr. von Groth.
University of Miinster . : . Prof. Dr. Karl Busz.

University of Rostock . ; . Prof. Dr. Rudolf Hiibner, Rector.
University of Strasburg , . Prof. Dr. J. Ficker.
University of Tiibingen . : Prof. Dr. H. von Véchting.
Royal Prussian Academy of Scidhcel, Prof. Dr. H. Rubens.

Berlin
Royal Society of Sciences, Géttingen Prof. Dr. O. Wallach.
Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Dr. von Groth.

Munich

GREECE.

University of Athens. : . Prof. Andrew Andreadis.

Iraty.
University of Rome ; . Prof. Vito Volterra.
University of Bologna
University of Palermo . , . Prof. Giovanni Guccia.
University of Pisa .

University of Padua -
Royal Academy dei Lincei, Rare . Prof. Marchese E. Paterno di Sessa,

Conte Ugo Balzani.
Royal Academy della Crusca,

Florence
Royal Lombard Institute of Science Prof. Vito Volterra,

and Letters, Milan

ee a |

250th ANNIVERSARY 15

Evrore—continued.

Royal Society of Naples
Zoological Station, Naples
Royal Academy of Sciences, Turin .

Sir Archibald Geikie, K.C.B., P.R.S.

Prof. Reinhard Dohrn.

Lord Rayleigh, O.M., F.R.S.

Monaco.

Oceanographical Institute

Mr. J. Y. Buchanan, F.R.S,

NETHERLANDS.

University of Amsterdam

University of Groningen

University of Leyden

University of Utrecht ‘

Royal Academy of Sciences, Am-
sterdam

Dutch Society of Sciences, Haarlem .

Batavian Society of Experimental
Philosophy, Rotterdam

Prof. C. Winkler, Rector Magnificus.
Prof. G. C. Nijhoff, Rector.

Dr. F. Pijper, Rector.

Dr. A. A. Nyland, Rector Magnificus,
Prof. P. Zeeman, Secretary.

Dr. J. P. Lotsy, Perpetual Secretary.
Dr. R. H. van Dorsten, Secretary.

Norway.

Royal University of Norway, Chris-
tiania
Academy of Sciences, Christiania

Prof. Waldemar Brégger.

Prof. H. Mohn, President.

Portucat,

Academy of Sciences, Lisbon .

Mr. Edgar Prestage.

Russia.

Imperial Academy of Sciences, St.

Petersburg

University of Moscow :
University of Dorpat (Juriew)
University of Warsaw

Dr. O. Backlund.

Prince Boris Galitzin.

Prof. I. P. Pawlow.

Prof. A. P. Goubaroff.

Prof. Alexander Ivanovic Jarockij.
Prof. P. I. Mitrophanow.

FIntanp,

University of Finland, Helsingfors .
Finnish Society of Sciences, Helsing-
fors

Royal Academy of Sciences, Madrid

Prof. Anders Donner, Rector.
Prof. J. J. Sederholm.

SPAIN.

Prof. Rodriguez Carracido.

16

THE ROYAL SOCIETY

Evrore—continued.

SwEDEN.

University of Lund

University of Stockholm

University of Upsala

Royal Swedish Academy of Sitatie
Stockholm

Prof. C. W. L. Charlier.

Baron Gerard de Geer, Pro-Rector.
Prof. Allvar Gullstrand.

Count K. A. H. Mérner, Vice-President.

SwirzERLAND.

University of Berne

University of Geneva

Helvetic Society of Natural Sciences,
Berne

Federal ‘Technical High School,
Ziirich

Prof. Th. Studer.
Prof. E. Naville.

Prof. P. Weiss.

EGYPT.

University of Egypt, Cairo

Gordon College, Khartoum

H.H. Prince Ahmed Fouad Pacha, Presi-
dent-Rector.
Dr. James Currie, Principal.

JAPAN.

Imperial University, Tokio
Imperial University, Kyoto

Prof. R. Fujisawa.
Prof. Jisaburo Yokobori.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

University of California .

University of Chicago

Clark University, Worcester .

Columbia University, New York

Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.

Harvard University

Johns Hopkins University, Balti-
more

Leland Stanford Junior University,
California

University of Michigan . :

University of Minnesota, Minnea-
polis

University of Pennsylvania, Phila-
delphia

University of Princeton, New Jersey

Prof. H. C. Plummer.

Prof. E. B. Frost.

Prof. Arthur G. Webster.

Dr. N. Murray Butler, President.
Prof. J. H. Comstock.

Prof. B. O. Peirce.

Prof. W. Bullock Clark.

Prof. Vernon L, Kellogg.

Prof. William H. Hobbs.
Dr. Arthur Hamilton.

Dr. Edgar F, Smith, Provost.

Prof. John G. Hibben, President.

2501H ANNIVERSARY

Unrrep Sratres or AmErica—continued.

University of Wisconsin

Yale University

American Academy of Asta “e
Sciences, Boston

Connecticut Academy of Sciences
and Arts

American Mathematical Society,
New York

American Philosophical Society,
Philadelphia

Franklin Institute, Philadelphia

California Academy of Sciences,
San Fransisco

Carnegie Institution, Washington .

National Academy of Sciences,
Washington

Smithsonian Institution, Washing-
ton

Washington Academy of Sciences .

Prof. Charles K. Leith.

17

Dr. Arthur Twining Hadley, President.

Prof. Edwin H. Hall,
Prof. Ernest W. Brown, F.R.S.

Prof, H. B. Fine, President.

Prof. W. B. Scott, Vice-President.

Major G. O. Squier.
Mr. Joseph D. Grant.

Dr. R. S. Woodward, President.

Dr. Arnold Hague, Secretary.
Dr. Arnold Hague.

Dr. L. O. Howard.

MEXICO.

National University of Mexico

Dr. G. C. Martinez.

BRITISH DOMINIONS BEYOND THE SEAS

AUSTRALIA,

University of Adelaide . .

University of Melbourne

University of Sydney, New South
Wales

Royal Society of Tasmania, Hobart

Royal Society of Victoria, Melbourne

Royal Society of New South Wales,
Sydney

Prof. H. Lamb, F.R.S.
Prof. Henry Laurie.
Prof. T. P. Anderson Stuart.

Dr. Gregory Sprott.
Mr. J. R. Hogg.
Mr. Charles Hedley.

CANADA.

McGill University, Montreal .

University of Toronto :
Queen’s University, Kingston, On-
tario

Lord Strathcona, Chancellor.
Dr. W. Peterson, Principal.
Mr. R. A. Falconer, President.
Prof. John Watson.

Cc

18 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

British Dominions BEYOND THE SEAs—continued.

University of -New Brunswick, Dr. C. C. Jones, Chancellor.
Fredericton, N.B.

University of Manitoba, Winnipeg Prof. Swale Vincent.

University of Ottawa. . The Rev. Dr. Roy, Rector.

Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa . Sir Gilbert Parker, M.P.

Nova Scotian Institute of Science, Prof. J. G. MacGregor, F.R.S.
Halifax, N.S.

Inpra.

H.H. Maharaj Rana Sir Bhawani
Singh, Bahadur of Jhalawar,
K.C.S.L, Rajputana

University of Allahabad : . Rai Bahadur G. N. Chakravati.
University of Bombay . . . Dr. F. G. Selby, late Vice-Chancellor.
University of Calcutta . ; . Prof. P. C. Ray.

University of Madras. Dr. A. C. Mitchell.

Asiatic Society of Bengal, Caleutia: Mr, G. H. Tipper, Hon. Secretary.
Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental Col- Sir Theodore Morison, K.C.1.E.

lege of Aligarh
Indian Institute of Science. . Dr. M. W. Travers, F.R.S., Director.

SourH AFrica.

University of the Cape of Good Hope Prof. A. H. MacKenzie.
Natal University College, Pieter- The Hon. J. C. Dove Wilson.

maritzburg
Royal Society of South Africa . Sir David Gill, K.C.B., F.R.S.
BRITISH ISLES
Encianp AND WALES.
University of Oxford . : Dr. C. B. Heberden, Vice-Chancellor.
Bs > Wadham College Rev. P. A. Wright-Henderson, D.D.,
Warden.
University of Cambridge : . Lord Rayleigh, O.M., F.R.S., Chancellor.
University of London. ‘ . Dr. Wilmot Parker Herringham, Vice-
Chancellor.
University of Birmingham. . Sir Oliver Lodge, F.R.S., Principal.
University of Bristol . . Prof. Lloyd Morgan, F.R.S.
University of Durham (Aeneas Sir George H. Philipson, Vice-Chan-
College) - cellor.

University of Leeds : : . Mr. M. E. Sadler, Pro-Chancellor.

250th ANNIVERSARY 19

Brrrisn Istes—continued.

University of Liverpool. —. . Prof. W. A. Herdman, F.R.S.
University of Manchester . Sir Alfred Hopkinson, Vice-Chancellor,
University of Sheffield. : . Prof. W. M. Hicks, F.R.S., Acting
Vice-Chancellor.
University of Wales . : . Sir H. Reichel, Vice-Chancellor.
Royal College of Physicians . . Sir Thomas Barlow, Bart., F.R.S., Presi-
dent.
Royal College of Surgeons. . Sir Rickman J. Godlee, Bart., President.
London Society of Antiquaries . Sir Charles H. Read, President,
» British Academy : . Dr. A. W. Ward, President.
» British Museum - . The Rt. Hon. The Speaker.

Sir F. G. Kenyon, K.C.B., Director.
Dr. L. Fletcher, F.R.S., Director of
Natural History Museum.
ss _ Chemical Society . . Prof. P. F. Frankland, F.R.S., President.
» Entomological Society . The Rev. F. D. Morice, President.

s Geological Society. . Dr. A. Strahan, F.R.S., President.
+ Geological Survey of Great Dr. J. J. H. Teall, F.R.S., Director.
Britain ;

» Institute of Chemistry . Prof. R. Meldola, F.R.S., President.
» Institution of Civil Engi- Mr. R. Elliott-Cooper, Vice-President.

neers
>» Institution of Electrical Mr. S. Z. de Ferranti, President.
Engineers
. » Institution of Mechanical Mr. E. B. Ellington, President.
\ Engineers '

» Iron and Steel Institute . Mr. Arthur Cooper, President.

» Linnean Society . .~ Prof. E. B. Poulton, F.R.S.

» Lister Institute of Pre- The Rt. Hon. Sir H. E. Roscoe, F.RS., |
ventive Medicine Chairman.

» Mathematical Society . Dr. H. F. Baker, F.R.S., President.

» Mercers’ Company . - Mr. Horace Cullen, Master.

»» Mineralogical Society . Prof. W. J. Lewis, F.R.S.

ss Pharmaceutical Society . Mr. C. B. Allen, President.

» Physical Society p . Prof. Arthur Schuster, F.R.S., President.

- 3 Royal Academy of Arts . Sir Edward Poynter, Bart., President.

s Royal Agricultural Society Lord Middleton, President.

3 Royal Anthropological In- Mr. Alfred P. Maudslay, President.
stitute

» Royal ArmyMedicalCollege Col. B. Skinner, Commandant.

»s Royal Astronomical Society Mr. F, W. Dyson, F.R.S., President.

c2

20

THE ROYAL SOCIETY

British Istes—continued.

London Royal Geographical Society

bh J

>

>

”

Royal Horticultural Society

Royal Institute of British
Architects

Royal Institution of Great
Britain

Royal Meteorological So-
ciety

Royal Microscopical Society

Royal Society of Arts

Royal Society of Medicine .

Royal Statistical Society .

Royal United Service Insti-
tution

Zoological Society

British Association for the Advance-
ment of Science

Cambridge Philosophical Society

Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society,
Falmouth
Royal Observatory, Greenwich

Manchester Literary and Philo-
sophical Society

Ordnance Survey, Southampton

Ashmolean Society of Oxford

National Physical Laboratory

Society of Chemical Industry

Major Leonard Darwin, Vice-President.
Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., President.
Mr. Reginald Blomfield, President.

Dr. Donald W. C. Hood.
Dr. H. N. Dickson, President.

Mr. H. G. Plimmer, F.R.S., President.
Lord Sanderson, G.C.B., Chairman.
Sir Henry Morris, Bart., President.
Lord George Hamilton, G.C.S.I.

Col. Sir Lonsdale Hale.

The Duke of Bedford, K.G., F.R.S.,
President.

Sir William Ramsay, K.C.B., F.R.S.,
President.

Sir George Darwin, K.C.B., F.R.S.,
President.

Lord St. Levan.

Rear-Admiral H. E. Purey-Cust,
Hydrographer to the Navy.
Prof. F. E. Weiss, President.

Col. C. F. Close, Director-General.

Dr. A. A. Rambaut, F.R.S., President.
Mr. R. Kaye Gray.

Dr. Rudolph Messel, F.R.S., President.

ScoTLanD.

University of Aberdeen .
University of Edinburgh
University of Glasgow .

University of St. Andrews

Royal Society of Edinburgh . :

Royal Philosophical Society of Prof. John Glaister, President.
Glasgow

Rev. Dr. G. Adam Smith, Principal.

Prof. James Geikie, F.R.S.

Sir Donald MacAlister, K.C.B., Vice-
Chancellor.

Prof. J. C. Irvine.

Prof. A. Crum Brown, F.R.S.

250TH ANNIVERSARY 21

British Istes—continued.

IRELAND.
University of Dublin (Trinity Prof. J. Joly, F.R.S.
College)

Royal Irish Academy, Dublin . Prof. J. A. McClelland, F.R.S., Secre-
tary.

Royal Dublin Society . - . Sir Howard Grubb, F.R.S., Vice-Presi-
dent.

Queen’s University of Belfast . . Prof. J. Symington, F.R.S.

National University of Ireland, Dr. Alexander Anderson.
Dublin

On the evening of July 16th the 250th anniversary of the
Royal Society was celebrated by a Dinner held in the ancient
Guildhall of London, which was attended by 490 guests. Besides
the representative Delegates whose names are given in the fore-
going list (p. 13) the company included a large number of the
Fellows of the Society, several members of the Government, the
Ambassadors of France, Italy, and Japan, the Archbishops of
Canterbury and York, Cardinal Bourne, the Dean of Westminster,
the Moderator of the Church of Scotland, the Lord Chief Justice
of England, the Master of the Rolls, the Lord Justice Clerk of
Scotland, and representatives of literature, art, and science. After
the usual loyal toasts the toast of ‘The Royal Society’ was given
by Mr. Asquith, the Prime Minister, and was responded to by the
President. The ‘ Universities at Home and Abroad’ were pro-
posed by Viscount Morley, Lord President of the Council, and
responses were given by Professor Emile Picard, of the Institute
of France, Professor Waldeyer, of the University of Berlin, and
Professor Winkler, Rector of the University of Amsterdam. The
toast of the ‘ Learned Societies in the Old World and the New’
was proposed by His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, and
was replied to by the Marchese E, Paternd di Sessa, of the
Accademia dei Lincei, Rome, Prince Boris Galitzin, of the
Imperial Academy of St. Petersburg, and Dr. R. S. Woodward,
President of the Carnegie Institution, Washington. The last
toast, that of the ‘ City of London’, was proposed by Dr. Peterson,
Principal of McGill University, Montreal ; and, in the unavoidable
absence of the Lord Mayor of London, a reply was made by the
Right Honourable Sir T. Vezey Strong, the previous Lord Mayor.

22 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

WepDNEsDAY, JULY 17TH.

The morning of this day was set apart for visits to places of
interest in London, such as Lambeth Palace, Westminster Abbey,
the British Museum, Bloomsbury, the Natural History Museum,
South Kensington, and the Victoria and Albert Museum.
Arrangements were made by which the several parties of visitors
were conducted over these and other institutions, and the chief
features of each were pointed out by the resident officials.

In the afternoon the Duke and Duchess of Northumberland
gave a Garden Party at Syon House, their residence on the
Thames, to which the Delegates and Fellows of the Royal Society
with their ladies were invited. As the weather was brilliantly
fine, a large company assembled in the picturesque grounds and
enjoyed the summer beauty of an English park.

In the evening a Conversazione was held in the rooms of the
Royal Society at Burlington House, which was numerously
attended. Among the objects of interest presented on the
occasion attention was specially directed to the large collection of
portraits hung on the walls of the tea-room and meeting-room.
In the short handbook which was supplied to the company
a brief account of each picture was given. The portraits are
valuable not only as likenesses of eminent men who have been
connected with the Royal Society, but not a few of them also as
works of art. On the walls of the tea-room hang contemporary
portraits of Francis Bacon, Isaac Newton, Robert Boyle, John
Wallis, John Wilkins, Christopher. Wren, John Flamsteed,
Edmund Halley, John Locke, and other early Fellows of the
Society. The meeting-room contains portraits of more recent
Presidents. Among the exhibits shown on this occasion were
the apparatus devised by Mr. C. 'T. R. Wilson for making visible
the tracks of ionizing particles of vapour condensed upon the ions
set free along the paths ; and also some Cloud-photographs showing
the nature of the ionization produced by different kinds of rays. Sir
William Crookes exhibited his historical collection of Radiometers
and Otheoscopes. Mr. C. V. Boys showed his instrument for
experimenting with rotating soap-films. Some of the historical
relics in the possession of the Society were likewise displayed,
including Robert Boyle’s air-pump, Huygens’ aerial or tubeless

_

250th ANNIVERSARY 23

telescope, Newton’s original account of his Reflecting Telescope,
dated January 1672, and some instruments that belonged re-
spectively to Christopher Wren, Joseph Priestley, Captain James
Cook, and Charles Darwin.

Tuurspay, JULY 18TH.

The arrangements for the morning were similar to those of the
morning of the previous day. In the afternoon, the President,
Council, and Delegates went by railway to Windsor, where, by
the King’s command, they were first conducted to St. George’s
Chapel and thence through the State apartments of the Castle,
where the visitors had an opportunity of seeing the treasures of
art collected by successive sovereigns of England. The whole
company was marshalled on the terrace overlooking the gardens,
the same geographical arrangement of the Delegates being
maintained as at the presentation of addresses in Burlington
House. The King and Queen then came down to the terrace,
and the President, Treasurer, and Secretaries of the Royal Society
were presented to their Majesties by the Lord Chamberlain.
The Delegates were then presented in succession to their Majesties
by the President. After the ceremony of presentation, the
company joined the large Garden Party which their Majesties had
invited to Windsor on the occasion, and the King and Queen,
conversing with their guests on the way, passed to the Royal Tent.

As the whole Celebration was to end on the evening of this
day arrangements were made for a series of farewell dinners,
smaller and less formal than the large banquet in the Guildhall,
when the hospitality could be mingled with more general
friendly intercourse. A number of the Fellows gave parties, at
which Delegates and the ladies accompanying them could see
a little of English homes. The other Delegates were entertained
by the Royal Society Club, a dining club connected with the
Society for some two hundred years. At these various parties much
pleasant conversation took place, the friendships which had been
begun on the previous days were further strengthened, and the
Fellows of the Royal Society bade their guests farewell with the
assurance that the Celebration had passed off as successfully as
could have been desired.

24 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

The various functions arranged by the Royal Society were now
completed, but reference should be made to the sympathetic
action of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge in organizing
an additional day and inviting a considerable number of Foreign
and Colonial Delegates, together with a few Fellows of the Society,
to partake of the hospitality of these two ancient seats of learning.
On the morning of Friday, the 19th, two parties, about equal in
number, left London for Oxford and Cambridge respectively. At
Oxford the guests took luncheon at All Souls College, with the
Chancellor of the University, Lord Curzon, and the Warden and
Fellows as hosts. A garden-party in the afternoon at Wadham
was full of interest in connexion with the association of this
College with the early history of the Royal Society. The
Warden gave the visitors a brief address in the Lodge wherein
the meetings of the early founders of the Society were held when,
owing to the political troubles of the middle of the seventeenth
century, they could no longer be held in London. At Cambridge
similar hospitality was shown to the guests by the Master and
Fellows of St. John’s College.

At both Universities Honorary Degrees were conferred on
a few of the more distinguished men who had attended the
Celebration of the Royal Society. Asa permanent and interesting
record of the visits of this day, the Latin ¢éloges pronounced by
the Public Orator of each University are here given. Those at
Oxford (by Mr. A. D. Godley) were as follow:

OXFORD

Jons Oscar Backiunp, Central Observatory, Poulkovo,

Hodie eos hospitio excipimus qui Regiam illam Societatem ducentos et
quinquaginta annos peractos celebrantem votis et gratulationibus salutatum
venerunt: quos igitur fautrix et altrix naturalis scientiae Universitas Oxo-
niensis oblata facultate quoad potest titulis exoptat ornare. Ex his primus
ad vos accedit qui antiquissimam omnium scientiam profitetur. Hic origine
Suecanus postea in Russiam invitatus migravit: ibi et aliarum turrium astris
observandis exstructarum et praecipue eius quae est apud Pulkowenses curam
suscepit. Quod si quid de studiis eius loqui audere possum, haec nomine certe
eos referre videntur qui longe aliam illi quidem scientiam e caeli motibus olim
deduxerunt: est enim mathematicus et mathematicas praesertim rationes

250rH ANNIVERSARY 25

astronomiae adhibet. His artibus Enckiani illius cometae cursum et veloci-
tatem est emensus: propter quod insignissimo praemio Astronomica nostra
Societas hominem doctissimum ornavit. Nune vero habet illud quoque
meritorum testimonium, quod Academiarum illius concilii, quod mox Petro-
poli conventurum esse audimus, Praeses est nuper electus, Praesento ergo
vobis Jouannem Oskar Bacxtunp, Turris Speculatoriae Principalis inter
Pulkowenses Curatorem, ut admittatur ad gradum Doctoris in Scientia, honoris
causa,

Watpemar C, Briccrr, University of Christiania.

Eum ad vos duco qui ut geologicae scientiae nullum fere non genus
tetigit, ita in rupium praecipue et saxorum structura atque elementis—
scrutandis mirabilem peritiam atque eruditionem praestitit. Namque patriae
suae litorum et montium formas inspiciendo ea se cognitione imbuit ut
priscarum illarum terrae marisque mutationum velut imaginem exprimere
potuerit : quod qui scripta eius legerit, is glaciei paulatim recedentis tractus
et Oceani modo prolatos modo coartatos fines velut oculis praesens aspicere
videatur. Quid quaeritis? nihil nisi eruditissime idem et disertissime exposuit :
novas rerum leges tulit et probavit: quamque alii in singulis geologiae parti-
bus diligentiam exercent hic toti illi scientiae adhibuit. Propter illud autem
vix minorem laudem mereri videtur, quod his studiis non otio et securitate
a ceteris curis remotum se dedit, sed curiae suae consiliis et regendae
Universitatis negotiis distractum atque occupatum.

Itaque cum nemo huius temporis in ea quam profitetur scientia cum maiore
laude sit versatus,—id quod insigne illud Wollastonianum nuper ei a doctis
viris collatum testatur,—praesento vobis Watpemarum CuristoPHoRUM
Bréccrr, Mineralogiae et Geologiae Professorem in Universitate Christianiensi,
Rectorem eiusdem Universitatis, ut admittatur ad gradum Doctoris in Scientia,
honoris causa.

Wuiam B. Scorr, University of Princeton.

Quod in antiquiore orbis terrarum parte a viris magni nominis iam est factum
hic quem videtis in America cuius reipublicae civis est primus effecit. Nam
cum alii geologistae aliis scientiae suae partibus se dederint, hic illuc potissi-
mum incubuit ut quaenam fuerint ea saecla animantum exquireret quae terras
nondum in speciem quam videmus informatas colebant: vestigia eorum
e remotissima antiquitate conservata et inclusas ipsis rupibus reliquias
enucleavit et in lucem produxit: unde nos modo monstrorum. magnitudinem
miramur modo notorum hodie animalium fontem atque originem agnoscimus.
Quibus rebus inveniendis multum laboris suscepit: immo in ipsa Patagonia,
qua terrarum regione nihil potest esse ab humanitate seiunctius, tres continuos
habitavit annos. Nemo tenebras et crepuscula mundi latiore visu amplexus
est, nemo reperta in rationum formam prudentius composuit. Haec ut

26 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

doctorum virorum consensu ita praecipue Geologicae nostrae Societatis iudicio
comprobantur: namque ea singulari honore et praemio ingeniosissimum
hominem nuper ornavit. Quare praesento vobis WitLELMuM BrerryMan Scort,
Geologiae et Palaeontologiae Professorem Blairianum in Universitate Prince-
tonensi, ut admittatur ad gradum Doctoris in Scientia, honoris causa.

Witxetm Watpeyer, University of Berlin.

Quid est dignius quod ab academicis honoretur quam continuus vitae cursus
uno tenore scientiae finibus proferendis deditus? Hic enim quem videtis ex
ineunte aevo in anatomiae studio elaboravit, cuius rei est hodie professor :
annum agimus quinquagesimum ex quo primum reperta sua litteris mandare
coeperat: neque postea ullus est secutus quin idem commentariis et libellis
edendis industriam suam atque eruditionem indicaret. In quo temporis spatio
permagnam rerum varietatem scribendo tractavit: modo ovorum partum et
generationem animalium, modo oculos et visus rationem studiis et investiga-
tionibus amplexus est: vix ullam denique quaestionem quae modo ad corporis
humani structuram pertineret intactam reliquit. Neque a doctis hominibus
tantum haec laudantur, sed et omnibus profuerunt: multum enim qui medendi
artem profitentur sunt huius lucubrationibus et consiliis adiuti. Praesento
ergo vobis WitteLmMum Wa peyer, Imperatoris Germanici in Medicina con-
siliarium, Anatomiae Professorem et Anatomici Collegii in Universitate
Berolinensi rectorem, ut admittatur ad gradum Doctoris in Scientia, honoris
causa.

Prerer Zeeman, University of Amsterdam.

Hominem ingeniosissimum et multum experimentis ausum vobis praesento.
Et quoniam in hoc doctorum virorum consessu loqui posse mihi videor
liberius, quae praecipua fuerit eius famae causa paucis (advertite) docebo.
Nam cum ignis ardentis lumen per vitrum lineis distinctum ita transmitti
sciatis ut non omnes lineae sed secundum eius rei qua utitur naturam aliae
alias immisso lumine fulgeant: hic si vim magnetoélectricam igni adhibueris
commixtos una omnes spectri quod vocant colores in singulis lineis apparere
experiendo demonstravit. Hoc repertum maximi momenti ab iis haberi quibus
cura est primordia rerum quali natura praedita constent investigare, omnes
necesse est agnoscant. Itaque cum hic non modo in lucis ratione elaboraverit
verum etiam ad mundi totius naturae cognitionem multum contulisse videatur,
magnum inter omnes physicistas nomen et laudem consecutus est: neque est
quisquam dignior quem titulo aliquo hoc praesertim die ornemus. Praesento
igitur vobis Perrum ZEEMAN, Physicae Professorem in Universitate Amstelo-
damensi, ut admittatur ad gradum Doctoris in Scientia, honoris causa."

1 Dr. Gabriel Lippmann, For. Memb. R. S., President of the Academy of Sciences of
Paris, was to have been included among those who received Honorary Degrees, but the
sudden death of Professor Poincaré recalled him at once to France.

_— SS

250th ANNIVERSARY 27

CAMBRIDGE

The following are the speeches delivered by the Public Orator
(Sir John Sandys) in welcoming the Delegates, on their visit to
Cambridge, and in presenting to the CHaNcELLOr (Lord Rayleigh)
the several recipients of honorary Degrees :

In ipso limine laudationum nostrarum, Societatis Regalis tot hospites illustres,
post sacra saecularia feliciter acta, Cantabrigiam hodie invisentes, Academiae
totius nomine iubemus salvere. Unumquemque igitur vestrum salutat et
Baconis et Newtoni et aliorum in scientia naturali aut olim aut nunc insig-
nium virorum Universitas. Dum tot scientiarum inter se diversarum cultores
illustres e tot orbis terrarum partibus ad litora nostra atque adeo Academiae
nostrae ad nemora hodie advectos intuemur, denuo nobis rata esse videntur
vetera illa prophetae verba:—‘plurimi pertransibunt, et multiplex erit scientia.’!-
Tot advenarum illustrium e numero placuit Senatui nostro nonnullos, gentium
inter se diversarum legatos, scientiarum inter se diversarum antistites, velut
exempli causa, titulo nostro decorare, qui honos, vestrum omnium praesentia
illustratus, vestrum omnium, ut speramus, benevolentia comprobabitur.

Enwin B. Frost, University of Chicago.

Dignissime domine, domine Cancellarie, et tota Academia—
Primum omnium respublica maxima trans oceanum Atlanticum nobis

coniunctissima quasi nuntium quendam sidereum ad nos misit, qui lacus

maximi in litore astrophysica (ut aiunt) praeclare profitetur, lacus minimi in
margine speculae astronomicae celeberrimae praepositus. Ibi, astronomi prae-
clari, Societatis Regalis haud ita pridem Praesidis, vestigia secutus, stellas,
quae inerrantes vocantur, diligenter observavit, et spectri (ut dicitur) auxilio,
earum motus aut recedentes aut appropinquantes accurate computavit. Idem,
cum collegis optimis consociatus, stellas duplices atque etiam multiplices pluri-
mas detexit ; siderum denique illorum praesertim, quorum in aére helium inesse
comprobatum est, primus tarditatem quandam motus demonstravit. Astro-
nomo autem nostro, viro impigro, viro acerrimo, tarditatem mentis nemo
exprobrabit. Etenim, talium virorum auxilio, ‘caelum ipsum petimus,’ non
iam ‘stultitia’,? sed sapientia; atque, ut philosophi cuiusdam Romani verbis
utar, ‘cogitatio nostra cacli munimenta perrumpit.’* Duco ad vos scientiae
astrophysicae professorem illustrem, Epwiy Brant Frost.

1 Liber Danielis prophetae, xii. 4.
2 Hor. Carm. i. 3, 38. 5 Seneca, De Otio, v. 6.

28 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

Marauts E, Paterno pr Sessa, University of Rome.

Ex Italia ad nos advectus est regni Italici Britannis amicissimi senator,
coronae Italicae eques clarissimus, qui, Palermi natus, Romae per annos
quadraginta scientiam chemicam experimentis suis luculenter illustravit.
Peritis notum est hune virum olim benzenii potissimum progeniem explorasse,
—benzenii, quod matris haud pulchrae filiam, filiarum autem suavium et
pulchrarum matrem nominaverim. Notum est eundem postea corpora ex
fluorino, elemento illo impigro, composita, penitus investigasse ; in aliis denique
elementis, bromio praesertim et phosphoro liquido, particularum pondera
accuratius examinasse. Ceterum haec omnia scientiae ad mysteria intima
pertinent, non a nobis vixdum initiatis divulganda. Etenim e scriptoribus
Romanis unus ait, ‘omnium rerum sunt quaedam in alto secreta’;' alter
autem, ‘ facilius natura intellegitur quam enarratur.’? Duco ad vos scientiae
chemicae professorem admodum nobilem, Marcuionem EMANvELEM PaTeERnd DI
Sessa.

Ivan Perrovircu Pawiow, Imperial Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg,
Foreign Member of the Royal Society.

Russorum ex imperio maximo, a nobis remoto sed studiorum communium
in vinculis vicino, ad nos venit physiologiae professor Petroburgensis, qui
ciborum digerendorum rationem universam exploravit, his studiis officinam
quandam dedicavit, physiologiae studiosorum scholam florentissimam fundavit.
Ut alia omittam, quam pulchre ostendit sucos illos, qui cibo concoquendo
inserviunt, non modo mentis motu vario etiam ipsos moveri et mutari, sed
etiam unicuique ciborum generi esse accommodatos, atque omnibus elementis
noxiis adversari et in contrariam partem fortiter contendere. Mentis quidem
certamen Prudentii in carmine quodam heroico narratum vidimus; corporis
autem certamen, mentisque et corporis societatem intimam ab hoc viro
celebratam audivimus. 'Talium virorum ex studiis Cornelii Celsi praecepto
illi melius obtemperare possumus: ante omnia corporis sui naturam quisque
norit.® Duco ad vos physiologiae professorem egregium, Ivan Prrrovircu
Pawtow.

Cuartes E, Picarp, of the Institute of France, Foreign Member of the Royal
Society.

Francogallorum respublica nobis vicina, et vinculis indies artioribus nobis-
cum coniuncta, hospitem ad nos misit mathematicum insignem, mathematici
insignis (olim cum studii eiusdem antesignanis Cantabrigiensibus consociati *)

1 Plin, N. H. xvii. 29, * Seneca, pp. 121, § 11.

5 Celsus, De Medicina, i. 3, ‘ ante omnia norit quisque naturam sui corporis.’

* Charles Hermite was associated with Sylvester, Ferrers, Stokes, and Cayley as one of
the editors of the Quarterly Journal of Mathematics from 1857 to 1878.

250th ANNIVERSARY 29

et generum et operum eius editorem praestantissimum. Reipublicae autem
illi hodie propterea praesertim gratulamur, quod talium virorum consilium,
populi totius cum fructu, totiens expetit. Primum, abhine annos quattuor et
viginti, praemium ex eadem studiorum provincia reportavit, quam in Scan-
dinavia Abelius primus illustraverat. Idem, scientiarum Academiae Parisiensi
nuper praepositus, quamquam argumentorum in genere quodam abstruso
versatur, stili lucidi lumine libros suos omnes illustravit. Testis est opus
praeclarum de scientiae statu hodierno ad sensum popularem accommodatum ;
testes sunt Analytica illa, etiam a iuventute Britannica libenter perlecta ;
testes etiam illae de methodi analyticae historia Angliae novae in Universitate
quadam nova nuper habitae orationes. Ergo in uno eodemque viro et
mathematici illustris et oratoris optimi habetis exemplar. Duco ad vos
studiorum analyticorum professorem eloquentem, Carotum Armruium Picarp.,

Herricn Ruzens, University of Berlin.

Germanorum ex imperio maximo, nobis utinam in perpetuum coniunctissimo,
ad nos perlatus est scientiae physicae in Universitate Berolinensi professor, qui,
luce cotidiana non contentus, etiam lucem illam, quae oculorum aciem fugit,
assidue exploravit. Lucem quidem universam ex undis constare electricis,
rationibus exquisitis ductus, Maxwellius noster olim praedixit ; idque et sui
ipsius et aliorum experimentis postea prorsus comprobatum est. Hic autem,
rem ipsam denuo aggressus, placitis Maxwellianis maxime congruus, lucis
undas longas est dimensus, illis quidem multo longiores quae erant antea
cognitae, sed illis aliquanto breviores quas vis electrica per artem adhibita
generare potuit. Sed, inter has duas undarum varietates penitus exploratas,
iam restat intervallum perbreve, quo sine dubio (fortasse per hospitem nostrum)
propediem expleto, Maxwellii nostri doctrina universa erit patefacta, et, inter
tot rerum naturae miracula, etiam lucis leges melius cognoscentur. Dixit
olim Miltonus noster, ‘ Lux sacra,-salve, prima progenies Dei’;! et tu, salve,
lucis legum explorator indefesse. Duco ad vos scientiae physicae professorem
praeclarum, Regis sui consilio privato adscriptum, Henricum Rusens.

J. E. B. Warmine, University of Copenhagen.

Regnum Danicum, Scandinaviae pars eximia, cum Britannia vinculis teneris
sed eisdem firmissimis coniuncta, misit scientiae botanicae professorem
emeritum, qui inter suos horto praefuit admirabilem in modum disposito et
ordinato. Idem non modo doctrinae botanicae orbem totum in libro quodam
eximio perlustravit, sed etiam, in aliis litterarum monumentis, partes eius
nonnullas aut ad Americam Australem aut ad zonae torridae miracula aut ad
Floram Arctoam pertinentes subtilius perscrutatus est. In illa vero scientiae

1 Paradise Lost, iii. 1, ‘ Hail, holy Light! offspring of Heav'n first-born.’

30 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

tam pulchrae provincia, quae oecologia nuncupatur, viarum novarum explora-
tor exstitit. Unde factum est, ut haec studiorum provincia, non modo in
regno Danico, sed etiam inter Francogallos, inter Germanos, in Helvetia, in
Britannia, inter populos denique mari Atlantico a nobis divisos, cultoribus indies
pluribus pateat. Non minus autem quam haec potissimum pars scientiarum
naturalium, talium rerum scientia tota munus sibi vindicavit locorum spatiis
universum atque adeo orbi terrarum toticonterminum. Ergo,hospitibus nostris
omnibus, e tot orbis terrarum partibus ad nos hodie allatis, Historiae Naturalis
auctoris eruditissimi verba licet sibi confidenter arrogare: ‘Non unius terrae sed
totius Naturae interpretes sumus.’' Coronam nostram supremam accipit
Florae sacerdos venerabilis, Eucenrus WarMINc.

1 Plin, N. H. xviii, 214,

I. THE ADDRESSES’
EUROPE

AUSTRIA-HUNGARY

IMPERIAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, VIENNA

HocuerEurtE Gesetiscuarr! Gerechter Stolz erfillt unsere Seele, wenn
wir die Errungenschaften auf dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften betrachten.
Von den geheimnisyollen Vorgiingen in der Natur liegt ein grosser Teil
enthiillt vor unseren Augen. Wir verstehen nicht nur die grossartigen
Vorgiinge, die der Himmel uns darbietet, wir kénnen sogar die Bewegungen
der unsichtbaren Atome beschreiben. Bis zu den Grenzen der Sichtbarkeit
kénnen wir noch das organische Leben verfolgen, das so lange ungestért das
Dasein der Menschen gefihrdete. Unzihlige praktische Erfindungen waren
die Folge der wissenschaftlichen Errungenschaften, Erfindungen, welche fiir
das Behagen, aber auch fiir die Gesundheit der Menschen von héchstem Wert
sind, Erfindungen, mit denen wir Raum und Zeit besiegen. Die Erforschung
der Natur war aber auch ein grosser Gewinn fiir die moralische Hebung des
Menschengeschlechtes, sie allein war es, die die Menge aus dunklem Aberglauben
befreite, die solchen Verirrungen wie Astrologie, Alchemie usf. ein Ende
setzte. Allergréssten Dank sind wir daher den Miinnern schuldig, die durch
ihre Forschungen dieses Emporbliihen der Wissenschaft erzielten. Aber
wenn es auch seit jeher nicht an hervorleuchtenden Geistern fehlte, die
Kometen gleich Licht in die Finsternis strahlten: die neue Richtung brach
sich erst Bahn durch vereintes Streben. Als beim Untergang der Scholastik
in den Menschen allmiihlich die Erkenntnis aufdimmerte, dass das Studium
der Natur vor allem geeignet ist, unseren Geist zu befreien, da zog gerade
in England die neue Richtung zahlreiche Schiiler an, die, indem sie in dem
Forschen nach Wahrheit den besten Trost fiir die Wirren ihrer Zeit fanden,
sich zu regelmissiger gemeinsamer Arbeit verbanden und alle Teile der
Naturwissenschaft in Angriff nahmen. Das Ansehen und die Zahl dieser
Miinner, im Anfange noch die ‘Invisibles’, stieg rasch, indem ihre Mitbiirger
den Wert ihrer Studien fiir den Fortschritt der Menschheit erkannten.
Kénigliche Gnade erhob diese Gesellschaft 1662 zur Royal Society, ein Akt,
welcher der ganzen Welt Vorteil brachte, indem die Royal Society nunmehr —

1 These are arranged in the same geographical order as the List of Delegates, pp. 13-21.

32 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

durch 250 Jahre unermiidlich immer neue Friichte des Wissens zur Reife
brachte. Ihre Schriften enthalten die Bausteine unseres gesamten heutigen
Wissens, durch welche sie selbst und darnach die bewundernden Schwester-
akademien die Naturwissenschaften auf ihren heutigen Stand bringen konnten.
Eine der jiingsten Akademien, die dem Stern der Royal Society bewundernd
folgt, die kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, wiinscht der
Royal Society zu der 250, Wiederkehr ihres Stiftungstages, dass sie in
aller Zukunft ihres Bestandes sich erfreuen und fortfahren mége, eine Leuchte
fiir die Menschheit zu sein.

Wien, am 30, Juni 1912.

Das Priisidium der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften :

E. VON BOHM-BAWERK, Priisident.
VIKTOR VON LANG, Vizepriisident.

FRIEDRICH BECKE, Generalsekretir.
JOSEF VON KARABACEK, Sekretér.

UnIvERSITY oF AGRAM

AmpLissIMAE Recai Socretati Lonpint. Inter academias liberalium artium,
quae in rerum cognitione et scientiae pervestigatione vigent, Societas Vestra
principatum obtinet secundisque rerum proventibus antiquitus traditis ea
incrementa cepit, in quibus perquam raro alia collegia gloriari possint. Inde
ab ipsis cultus atque humanitatis quasi incunabulis clari et docti viri
Britannorum gentis societatem privatam constituerunt, quae postea tutela regis
Caroli II Regalis nuncupata est, ut non una aliqua in re elaboraret, sed
omnia, praecipue philosophiam, scientiae pervestigatione comprehenderet,
Gravitate et auctoritate sua iam a primordiis domi ad magnum et honoratum
ministerium indicis litterati et consiliarii rerum publicarum curatorum
producta est, foris vero editiones eius ab omnibus hominibus, qui in artibus
versantur, honorem consequuntur. Raro fit ut aliqua litterarum societas
per tam longum tempus sit industria singulari, sicut Vestra, cui uni omnium
ducentesimum quinquagesimum diem natalem celebrare contigit. Qua ex re
concludi potest Societatem Vestram munere atque officio feliciter functam
esse, nam aliter sentire de societate, cui usus erat cum luminibus doctrinae,
ut cum clarissimo Newton et cum viris doctis Halley, Simpson, Cavendish,
Wollaston, Priestley, Herschel, Davy et multis aliis, haud licet. Quamobrem
omnes viri docti de his sollemnibus gaudent, imprimis vero Croatarum
Universitas Zagrabiensis ex intimo corde amplissimae Regali Societati gratu-
latur, optatque ut in scientiae pervestigatione et in posterum fortuna prospera

Lie | ——_—

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 33

utatur et quam maximos progressus in studiis faciat. Senatus academicus
regiae litterarum Universitatis Francisco-Iosephinae.
Zagrabiae, die 9 Tulit 1912.
Rector: DR. JULIUS DOMAC.

Ab epistulis: FRANCISCUS PEVALEK.

IMPERIAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, Cracow

Reera Socreras, quae ducentos quinquaginta iam annos stat tanquam
columna ignea omnibus sive apud Britannos praeclaros sive apud reliquas
gentes scientiarum studiosis : quotiescunque difficiliores tractabant quaestiones;
indefesso praelucebat ardore, ut per tenebras et dubia pervenirent ad veritatis
contemplationem. Inter tot nationes, tot doctorum collegia et instituta, quae
gratissimam celeberrimae Societatis memoriam conservant, propter consilia
monitaque in scientiis colendis saepissime ab ea impertita, etiam antiquum
regnum Poloniae cum scholis suis et Academiis locum sibi debitum obtinet.
Itaque decet et convenit ut hoc die glorioso, communi laetitiae destinato,
quando Regia Societas cum superbia bene merita retrorsum per duo saecula cum
dimidio respiciet labores suos ac studia, etiam vox illius regionis audiatur quae
protulit Copernicum, utque iungatur choro mundano gratulatorum. Neque
mirum videbitur, si muneri gratulandi celeberrimae Societati nomine nationis
Polonae totque generationum studiosorum ac doctorum incumbat detque
operam Academia Scientiarum Cracoviensis, non interruptae traditionis haeres
legitima et vera. Namque ruina libertatis politicae non inhibuit neque inter-
rupit apud Polonos studiorum progressum, erectio vero Imperialis Academiae
Scientiarum Cracoviensis, fundatae a Sua Maiestate, Imperatore Austriae Fran-
cisco Iosepho I, novam et firmam addidit disciplinam et temperantiam antiquis
studiis, quae fere numquam cessavere durante regno Poloniae. Iam quadraginta
istis annis, qui praeterierunt ab” eius institutione, Academia Cracoviensis,
imprimis vero eius Classis mathematico-physica multis re vera iungebatur vin-
culis Ilustrissimae Regiae Societati tum quoad methodum indagationum melius
ediscendam tum ad clarius determinandum inceptorum operum finem ultimum.
Cuius rei testimoniis abundant tantum, quantum sat est, Academiae Cra-

-coviensis Annales; beneficia vero familiaris consuetudinis, concessa ~~ nostris

Academicis a nonnullis perquam illustribus membris Regiae Societatis his ultimis
decenniis quantum et quale fuerit, vere non poterit aestimari, nisi mutuum lit-
terarum commercium aliquando in medium proferatur. Itaque gratis animis
multiplices has relationes agnoscentes et revocantes Praeses ac Socii Imperialis
Academiae Scientiarum Cracoviensis, debitam manifestantes venerationem
suam hac occasione laetissima oblata et considerantes magnificam Societatis
Regiae historiam tum praeteritam tum praesentem, ex totis cordibus auguran-
tur ut historia futura non minus sit splendida utque novae scientiae humanae
D

34 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

provinciae inveniantur omnibusque pateant utque Regia Societas per multa
adhue saecula futura remaneat Britannis gloriosa ac splendens corona, aliis
nationibus auxiliatrix et adiutrix omnis generis studiorum, tandem fraternitatis
mutuae populorum exemplum vivificans, ut omnes se diligant et adiuvent in
Christo, qui est scientiarum fons vivus, numquam exhaustus.

Cracoviae, die XII Iuliti A. D. MCM XII.

BOLESLAW ULANOWSKYI, Secretarius generalis.
FRIDERICUS ZOLL Sen., Vice Praesidis.
WLADYSLAW NATANSON, Secretarius,

Classis mathematico-physica.
EDWARD JANCZEWSKI, Director,

Classis mathematico-physica,

UNIVERSITY OF LEMBERG

Recror er Senatus Universiratis Potonrar Leoporiensis Societati Regiae
Londinensi et vetustate et auctoritate primae inter Academias Scientiarum
in toto terrarum orbe salutem summaeque venerationis testimonium mittunt.
Inde ab illo Isaaco Newtonio et hodie collegium Vestrum magno numero
virorum praestantissimorum ornatur, qui cum non unius populi, sed generis
humani sint praeceptores, Societas Regia quasi sol quidam doctrinarum
exstitit, cuius radii usque ad extremos cultus humanitatisque fines deseendunt.
Ex eis quidem finibus orientalibus, sed ex terra quae Nicolao Copernico filio
suo gloriatur, accipite, Viri Tllustrissimi, sollemnia semisaecularia quinta
Societatis Vestrae celebrantes, plurimam salutem nec non optima omina,
ut opera Vestra eodem atque adhuc modo etiam in tempus futurum uberrimos
fructus messemque opimam generi ferat humano,

Leopoli ( Lemberg) in Austria, Galicia, die 1 Tulit, Anno 1912.
L. FINKEL, h. t. Rector,

BoHEMIAN KARL-FERDINAND UNIvVERsIty, PRAGUE

Rexror a SexAr Cxské Universrry Kario-Ferpinanpovy v Praze pripojuji
se radostné k slavnosti vyznamného dne, jimzZ Kréloyska Spoletnost v Lon-
dyné oslavuje 250leté v¥roti svého zalozeni. Pri té prilezitosti vzpominaji
nehynoucich zisluh, jez si Krdlovské Spoletnost o rozkvét véd ziskala. Ona
prva postavila se v Gelo hnuti, jimZ obrozeno baddéni ve vsech oborech véd
prirodnich a v tomto sméru razila dréhy od prvého svého vzniku azdo doby
dnesni, V dobé, kdy v éechéch nepfizni osudu a pohromami valeénymi
dohrobeny veSkeré mnohoslibné potatky ku pésténi nauk, stdlajiz Kralovska

hte

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 35

Spole%nost v éele ruchu védeck¢ého a dala podnét k zakladéni jin¥ch sestersk¥ch
instituci Evropskych. I vzpomenouti dluzZno onéch prvych hlubok¥ch mysliteli,
jiz postupem doby mystiku z védy odstraiovali, jakoz i neprehledné tady
onéch slavnych badateli, ktefi v tele Kralovské Spoletnosti exaktnim a
biologickjm naukém nové sméry védecké price uréovali. Na dnesnim pokro-
ku a na praktickych vymoZenostech véd p¥irodnich md Kralovské Spoleénost
nejvétsi podil! Majice tedy stdéle na paméti veliké ony zdésluhy, jez si
Kralovské Spoletnost o rozkvét véd a tudi% i o prospéch lidstva ziskala,
osvédéuji rektor a senét éeské university Krélovské Spoletnosti pocity své
hluboké ticty a vaznosti, jakoz i své up¥imné blahoprdni ku trvalym v¥sledkim
blahodarné jeji Ginnosti.
v Praze, dne 1. Cervence 1912.

J. CELAKOVSKY, PV. rektor.
KAREL KADLEC, ¢. ¢. Dékan fakulty pravonické.

Recror er Senatus Cars. Rec. Universrratis Lirrerarum Caro.ear FEr-
DINANDEAE Pracensis BonEmicak Societati Regiae Londinensi. Ducentesima
quinquagesima natalicia Societatis vestrae quod sollemniter celebratis, gaude-
mus eaque sollemnia votis optimis prosequimur. Simul pia memoria illud
recolimus, quantopere Societas vestra de cultu ac flore scientiarum, ex quo
condita est, meruerit. Nam illa prima tamquam dux eorum procedebat,
quorum opera studium in omnibus scientiarum naturalium generibus renatum
est, atque ita novas cogitandi vias per omne aevi sui spatium muniebat.
Quando temporum iniquitate bellicisque casibus omnia ferme felicia scientias
colendi initia in Bohemia extincta sunt, agmen virorum in doctrinis elaboran-
tium Societas vestra iam ducebat, effecitque ut aliae similes per Europae terras
conderentur societates. Atque in animum revocandi videntur cum primi illi
viri docti ingeniosi, qui procedente tempore superstitiones e doctrinarum
rationibus propellerent, tum innumerabiles illi rerum investigatores clarissimi,
qui Societati vestrae praepositi exactis quae dicuntur et biologicis disciplinis
velut novas vias docti laboris demonstrabant. Quod tantum ad hance aetatem
naturales scientiae profecerunt quodque tantum fructum usus earum tulit
hominibus, haec maxima ex parte Societatis vestrae laus est existimanda.
Dum igitur memoria tenemus, quantopere Societas vestra de scientiarum
incremento et flore meruerit generisque humani commoda auxerit provexerit,
verecunde ac pie eam colimus suspicimus, quodque talia tamque utilia et
semper duratura effecit, sincere laetamur totoque animo vobis congratulamur.

Dabamus Pragae, capite regni Bohemiae, kalendis Iuliis anni MCMXII.

J. CELAKOVSKY, h. #. rector.

CAROLUS KADLEG, h. ¢. decanus facult. iwridicae.
D2

36 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

Royat Huncartan UNIversiry, BupAPEsT

Recror rer Senarus Reciax Screnriarum Universiratis Huncaricar
Buparestinensis Magnifico Praesidi Societatis Regalis Londinensis pro
Scientia Naturali promovenda S. P. D. Magnifice Domine, E litteris Vestris
ad nos perhumaniter datis maximo cum gaudio Vos die decima sexta et
duabus insequentibus diebus mensis Iulii a. c. Societatis Vestrae, a Carolo
Secundo rege Vestro constitutae, feliciter peracti anni ducentesimi quin-
quagesimi sollemnia celebraturos esse legimus. Gratias Vobis agimus, viri
praestantissimi, quod laeto cum hoc nuntio ad has Ferias saeculares nos
quoque benignissime familiarissimeque invitatos esse volueritis. His festis
per legatum nostrum publice missum Dominum Dr™ Istporum Fréuxicu,
Consiliarium Aulicum Reg. Hung., Rectorem huius temporis Universitatis
Nostrae Magnificum gratulationes nostras, caritatem votaque testamur, ex
animi sententia optantes ut per sequentia quoque saecula Societas Vestra
floreat et crescat. Haec vero charta sigillo Universitatis munita in tabulario
Societatis Vestrae deposita, perenni sit documento, quam sincere voluerit
particeps esse gens nostra Hungarica inter populos celeberrimos culturae
humanae diebus festis humanitatis et quam ardenter Vobis omnia bona
faustaque precata sit.

Dabamus Budapestini in Capite Regni Hungariae, die trigesima mensis
Iuniit a. D. millesimo nongentesimo duodecimo.

Dr. ISIDORUS FROHLICH, 2. t. Rector.
Dr. ANTONIUS MARGITARY, Regis Consil., Senatus Notarius.

BELGIUM

University oF Louvain

A Mowsteur te Prisipenr er A Messteurs Les Mempres DE LA Socriri
Roya.e pre Lonpres.--Messieurs, L’ Université Catholique de Louvain, qui garde
le souvenir reconnaissant de la participation des Sociétés savantes 4 ses propres
fetes jubilaires, est heureuse aujourd’hui d’offrir, 4 son tour, a la Société Royale
de Londres, ses vives félicitations A Doccasion de la célébration solennelle du
250"° anniversaire de sa fondation. I] n’est pas une Institution scientifique
qui puisse se glorifier d’un passé plus brillant et plus fécond. Dans le domaine
des sciences physiques et mathématiques comme dans celui de la biologie,
la Société Royale s’est dignement acquittée de la mission que lui confia son
Auguste Fondateur : elle a été un puissant facteur du progrés des sciences
naturelles. Elle s’est acquis de la sorte un droit incontestable aux suffrages

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 37

de tous les Corps savants. L’Université de Louvain forme les voeux les plus
ardents pour la prospérité toujours croissante de cette illustre Société: Vivat!
Creseat! Floreat! Au nom du Conseil Rectoral,

Le Recteur, P. LADEUZE.
: Le Secrétaire, J. VAN BIERVLIET.
Louvain, le 27 Juin 1912.

Royat ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, BrussELs

A ta Socrétt Royse pE Lonpres.—Monsieur le Président, Sir Ancu1paLp
Geixre, Associé de Académie royale de Belgique, Vous voulez bien porter
a la connaissance de TAcadémie royale de Belgique que la Société
royale de Londres, fondée, en 1645, par un groupe de savants, en vue du
progrés de la science dans le Royaume-Uni, constituée en association dés
1660, et investie le 15 juillet 1662, par le Roi Charles I, d’une Charte de
corporation, célébrera le 16 juillet de l'année actuelle son deux cent cinquan-
tiéme anniversaire. Vouz invitez, en méme temps, on ne peut plus confra-
ternellement, Académie royale de Belgique 4 cette commémoration dune si
haute importance pour la science, en général, de tous les pays qui s’occupent
de Ja culture des connaissances humaines en téte desquelles sont l’Astronomie
et votre immortel Newton. L’Académie royale de Belgique est on ne peut
plus flattée de cette gracieuse invitation de la Société royale pour laquelle
elle professe la plus grande admiration, non seulement pour ses membres si
illustres, mais aussi pour les travaux dont ils ont enrichi la science européenne
pendant les deux siécles et demi écoulés de votre célébre Socicté. Ce n’est
pas Whier, illustre Confrére, que nous apprécions la haute valeur scientifique
de la Société royale et sa valeur morale. Lors de son rétablissement par le
Roi Guillaume I*, en 1816, le premier soin de Académie royale de Belgique
fut de demander a la Société royale de Londres I’échange de ses publica-
tions avec vos célébres Philosophical Transactions. La collection que nous
possédons de ces T'ransactions remonte 4 l'année 1777; elle constitue le
plus beau joyau de notre bibliothéque, au méme titre que les publications de
TAcadémie des sciences de Paris. C’est un trésor inestimable qui fait con-
stamment l’admiration des savants qui y ont recours pour leurs travaux. Ils
sont légion les membres de la Société royale que l’Académie royale de
Belgique a eu l‘honneur de compter comme associés depuis 1816. Et leurs
noms sont déja entourés parmi nous, comme en Angleterre, de l’auréole de la
gloire: Charles Babbage, Sir John William Herschel, Pierre Barlow, Sir James
South, Sir Edward Sabine, John Barrat, John Taylor, Robert Brown, Sir
David Brewster, Michael Faraday, Sir Richard Owen, Sir Charles Wheatstone,
Sir George Biddell Airy, Sir Roderick Impey Murchison, Sir Charles Lyell,

38 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

Thomas Davidson, Charles Robert Darwin, Joseph Dalton Hooker, Andrew
Crombie Ramsay, Thomas Henry Huxley, Lord Kelvin, John Tyndall, James
Prescott Joule, Sir Joseph Prestwich, Arthur Cayley, James Joseph Sylvester,
Sir William Henry Flower. D’autre part, c’est un réel honneur pour nous de
voir encore figurer dans nos rangs Sir George-Howard Darwin, Sir James
Dewar, Sir Edwin Ray Lankester, Sir John Murray et vous méme, Sir
Archibald Geikie, le si distingué président actuel de la Société royale. Il
nous est impossible, Sir, dans le cadre de cette Adresse de félicitations, de
citer tous les travaux de votre Société, méme les plus célébres. Et cependant
l Académie royale de Belgique aurait été si heureuse d’en parler, surtout de
ceux qui, depuis le commencement du xvu™®* siécle, ont fait progresser les
sciences d’une maniére si prodigieuse. D’aussi célébres souvenirs et un aussi
mémorable passé, dont la Belgique, comme toute l'Europe scientifique, a
profité, sont le plus sfir garant d’un avenir qui sera aussi illustre pour la
Société royale de Londres. L’Académie royale de Belgique souhaite a la
Société royale d’acquérir encore de nouveaux titres 4 la reconnaissance de
Yhumanité. Puisse-t-elle, 4 tout jamais, pour le bien de celle-ci, continuer
a tenir avec l’Académie des sciences de Paris le sceptre de la science qui
constitue le flambeau de la vérité. Quant a Lord Lister, Académie, au nom
de toute la Belgique, s’associe au deuil de l’Angleterre au sujet de la mort de
Villustre chirurgien. Telle est expression des sentiments de l’Académie
royale de Belgique, que l'un de ses membres, M. Dollo, s'est engagé & vous
apporter de notre part.

Bruczelles, le 16 juillet 1912.
Le Secrétaire perpétuel, Lx Cuevatier EDMOND MARCHAL.

DENMARK
UnrIvErRsITy OF COPENHAGEN

Universitas Haunrensts Recaur Socrerati S. P. D. Duo iam saecula et
dimidium Regalis Societas ita egit, ut egregium illud dictum, quod vexillo
suo inscripsit, semper summa cum fide exsequeretur. Eo tempore exorta,
quo nihil fere praeter ecclesiam in lumine erat, praecipueque Naturalium
Rerum Scientia crassa superstitionis caligine obfuscabatur, hoe sibi proposuit,
ut novam et veram philosophiam naturalem in lucem duceret, experiendi arte
fultam et ingenua inquirendi ratione procedentem. Libera, a nullius gratia
pendens, nullo auxilio externo munita, incrementum sensu cepit et robur,
dum socii, scientiam ipsius causa ardentibus animis amantes, infatigabili
studendi vigore provehuntur veritatemque ex tenebris nebulisque eliciunt,
minime eo deterriti, quod labores, quibus operam suam impendebant, saepius

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 39

spes suas fallere nullumque profectum promittere videbantur. Procedente tem-
pore non raro apparuit, ea quoque, quae primo aspectu vana et sterilia esse
videbantur, uberes et inexhaustos fontes aperuisse. Quod vere dictum est,
Anglorum nationem non victoriis terras expugnando coloniasque late per
orbem condendo potius quam naturam suae terrae sibi subiciendo magnam et
illustrem factam esse, quodque nulla cuiquam relinquitur dubitatio quin
accrescens Rerum Naturalium Scientia toti generi humano immane quantum
profuerit, Regalis Societas merito gloriari potest, tam hanc patriae laudem
quam illas communis hominum vitae utilitates magnam partem viris deberi
quos in sociorum numero habuerit. Ingenuo et grato animo eorum beneficio-
rum memoriam retinens, quae bonarum artium studia huic Societati debent
quae ipsa princeps condita postea multis aliis eiusdem generis societatibus
originem dedit et normam, Universitas Hauniensis Regali Societati CCL annos
gloriose exactos gratulatur, sperans fore ut futura eius tempora digna prae-
teritis saeculis luce fulgeant.

FRANCISCUS BUHL, h. a. Rector Universitatis.

Royat Danisu Society of SCIENCE, COPENHAGEN

Tr. Royat Socrery 1 Lonpon. Grundleggelsen af Royal Society for
250 Aar siden var en Begivenhed, som ogsaa nu med allerstérste Paaskénnelse
maa mindes af enhver, som gleder sig over den Héjde, hvortil Nutidens Natur-
videnskab har heevet sig. Ved dets Stiftelse lagdes nemlig Grunden til store
Lere: Bygninger, som siden den Tid ere voksede op, og som ere i Stand til at
bre kommende Tiders rige Arbejder. _ Uforglemmelige i Videnskabens His-
torie ere de hver paa sit Omraade fremragende Mend, der samledes forst i en
mere privat Kreds og dernest i det af dem grundlagte Selskab for at fore-
tage naturvidenskabelige Forsig i et Omfang og med en Planmessighed, som
ikke var kendt i tidligere Tider. -Om den store Betydning af det Samarbejde
mellem indenlandske og udenlandske Medlemmer, som Royal Society straks
bragte tilveje, vidner den Brevveksling, som med det som Mellemled fortes
mellem Newton og Leibniz, og som indeholder de vigtigste Dokumenter
vedrirende Infinitesimalregningens Tilbliven. Endelig var det under dette
Selskabs Auspicier, at Newton nogle Aar senere, kraftig tilskyndet af dets
évrige Medlemmer, udgav sine Principia. Disse faa Trak vise den Hoved-
andel, som Royal Society i sine forste Decennier havde i Grundleggelsen af
den moderne Mathematik, Fysik og Astronomi; men tidlig udstraktes dets
initiativrige og frugtbringende Virksomhed ligeledes til de andre Omraader
af Naturvidenskaben, og ogsaa efter Udskillelsen af Selskaber med mere
specielle Formaal er Royal Society vedblevet at vere Centralorganet for den
britiske Nations naturvidenskabelige Arbejde, der har haft og bestandig har
en saa fremragende Andel i de store Fremskridt paa alle Naturvidenskabens

40 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

Omraader. Som Representant for det mere beskedne Arbejde i de samme
Retninger, som géres af en langt mindre, men beslegtet Nation, tager det
Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab levende Del baade i den almin-
delige Tak for alt det, som er ydet og den Dag i Dag bliver ydet gjennem
Royal Society, og i Onsket om en Fremtid, der svarer til dets Fortid
og Nutid.

I det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Juli 1912.

Prasident VILH. THOMSEN.
Sekreter H. G. ZEUTHEN.

FRANCE

UNIVERSITY OF Paris

L’Universiré£ pE Paris au PrismEntT, au CoNSEIL ET AUX MEMBRES DE LA
Socréré RoyaLe pe Lonpres.—L’Université de Paris est heureuse de se faire
représenter aux fétes données par la Société Royale de Londres 4 l’occasion
du deux cent cinquantiéme anniversaire de sa fondation. Ce fut un jour
mémorable que celui ott le roi Charles II transforma en Société Royale le club
oi se réunissaient chaque semaine quelques curieux de la méthode expérimen-
tale. Le programme de votre Charte était de développer la nouvelle philo-
sophie, comme on disait alors, c’est-i-dire la connaissance de la nature au
moyen de l’expérience. Votre Société est toujours restée fidéle 4 son premier
but, et histoire de la Science montre avec quel éclat vous avez contribué au
développement de ce que vous appelez encore aujourd’hui la philosophie
naturelle. On ne peut se reporter aux premiers temps de votre fondation
sans évoquer le souvenir de celui qui fut pendant vingt-quatre ans votre
président, et dont un de vos poetes a dit éloquemment que c’est un honneur
pour le genre humain qu'un tel homme ait existé. Toute louange pélit a
cété du nom d’Isaac Newton. I] n’est pas une branche des sciences physico-
mathématiques et des sciences naturelles qui n’ait été enrichie par les travaux
des membres de votre Compagnie. John Dalton et Humphry Davy comptent
parmi les fondateurs de la chimie moderne, et les découvertes de Faraday et
de Maxwell en électricité ont eu d’immenses conséquences. Toute une philo-
sophie se rattache au nom de Charles Darwin, dont les admirables et patientes
observations ont mis en évidence @'importants facteurs de l’évolution des étres
vivants. Dans le grand labeur jamais terminé, par lequel s’édifie peu 4 peu la
Science, chaque nation apporte sa mentalité particuliére. Vos savants restent
toujours soucieux des détails et des applications. Quel bel exemple a donné
un grand physicien, comme Lord Kelvin, dont lesprit puissant, capable des
spéculations les plus élevées sur la thermodynamique et la théorie des atomes-

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 41

tourbillons, s’attachait en méme temps aux questions pratiques de la naviga-
tion et de la télégraphie transatlantique! I] fut aussi des vétres, lillustre
Lord Lister qui, en s’inspirant des doctrines pastoriennes, a créé une méthode
de pansement bouleversant la chirurgie, et s’est ainsi placé parmi les bien-
faiteurs de Phumanité. La Science est dans une perpétuelle évolution, Les
faits et les principes qui paraissent les mieux établis restent toujours sujets 4
revision. Mais, pour les reviser, il faut parfois une singuli¢re audace. Elle
ne vous a pas manqué. Prés dici, des gaz nouveaux, l’argon et ses congé-
néres, ont été extraits de l’air atmosphérique tant de fois analysé par les plus
illustres chimistes. C’est dans un laboratoire anglais que fut repris récem-
ment l’antique probléme de la transmutation des éléments et que la trans-
formation du radium en hélium a été établie; ce souvenir, ot sont associées la
science anglaise et la science francaise, est particuli¢rement cher 4 Université
de Paris, La part aussi est considérable qui revient aux savants de votre
pays dans les vues nouvelles sur les théories électroniques de la matiére.
Depuis deux cent cinquante ans, l’influence de la Société Royale n’a cessé de
grandir. Ses Proceedings et ses Transactions comptent parmi les journaux
scientifiques les plus renommés et vont porter au loin le témoignage de votre
activité. Quelle gratitude tous les savants ne doivent-ils pas a la Soci¢té
Royale pour son Catalogue of Scientific Papers pendant le x1x° siécle,
entreprise immense, devenue internationale pour le siécle actuel, mais dont
vous avez conservé la haute direction. C’est encore a votre initiative qu’est
due la création de PAssociation internationale des Académies ; grace 4 vous,
le projet, digne du chancelier Bacon, d’une Académie Universelle ouverte a
toutes les nations est devenu une réalité. Vous vous étes toujours préoccupés
du réle social que doivent jouer les Sociétés savantes. I] n’est pas en Angle-
terre une grande entreprise, ayant un caractére scientifique, sur laquelle vous
n’ayez été consultés, ou dont vous n’ayez suggéré la création. Qu’il nous
suffise de rappeler, pour des temps récents, le Laboratoire national de Phy-
sique, dai a l'initiative de votre Conseil, et qui reste placé sous son contrdle
direct. Un passé si brillant répond de l'avenir de la Société Royale. L’Uni-
versité de Paris lui apporte cordialement ses félicitations pour tant d’ceuvres
accomplies. Puissent toujours ses membres, rassemblés pour l’avancement de
la connaissance de la nature, suivant les termes de votre Charte deux fois et
demie séculaire, continuer a travailler pour le progrés des sciences et la gloire
de Angleterre.

Paris, le 16 juillet 1912.

Le Vice-Recteur, Président du Conseil de [ Université de Paris,
L. LIARD.

Le Professeur délégué de 0 Université de Paris, EM. PICARD.

42 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES DE L’INstiTUT, Paris

Messigurs ET CHERS ConrrirEes,—Parmi les voeux que vous recevez de tous
cétés, 4 Yoccasion de la célébration de votre deux cent cinquantiéme Anniver-
saire, vous distinguerez, nous en sommes assurés, ceux que |’AcaDEMIE DES
ScrencEs DE Paris nous a chargés de vous présenter en son nom. Vous
connaissez de longue date les sentiments qui nous animent, l’affection que
nous vous portons, l’admiration profonde que nous éprouvons pour vos
travaux. Ces sentiments remontent a nos premiéres origines. Notre Aca-
démie et votre illustre Société ont eu des destinées 4 peu prés pareilles. L’une
et l'autre ont été établies par les amis de la science, longtemps avant d’étre
reconnues pat le gouvernement de leur pays. Dés le début du xvu® siécle,
nos savants de Paris avaient pris Phabitude de se réunir périodiquement, pour
se proposer des problémes de mathématiques, pour faire des expériences, pour
discuter les grandes questions scientifiques que suscitérent les découvertes
de Képler et de Galilée. Vers la méme époque, vos philosophes, vos savants,
dont plusieurs vinrent nous rendre visite, se réunissaient 4 Londres et & Oxford
pour s’occuper,.comme les ndétres, d’expériences et de recherches scientifiques.
Lorsque ces assemblées qui se tenaient dans l'un et l'autre pays commencérent
a y étre connues, elles ne tardérent pas a recevoir V’investiture officielle.
Charles II vous donnait votre premiére Charte en 1662. Quatre ans aprés,
en 1666, notre Académie recevait la sienne des mains de Louis XIV et de
Colbert, ‘ce ministre porté de lui-méme aux grands desseins’, en méme temps
qu’était décidée la création de Observatoire de Paris. Nos commencements
se ressemblent 4 plusieurs égards. Par exemple, dans cette premiére partie
de leur carriére, nos Académies ont, Pune et l’autre, compté parmi leurs
membres d’éminents médecins. TI] est vrai que les travaux de Newton n’ont
pas tardé a illuminer vos débuts d’un éclat incomparable; notre Académie
peut revendiquer du moins Phonneur d’avoir poursuivi et complété Poceuvre
de ce grand homme. D’Alembert, Clairaut, Laplace, Lagrange figureront
dignement 4 cété des successeurs que vous avez donnés & Newton dans
l'achévement de la plus glorieuse conquéte qu’ait jamais faite esprit humain.
Cette union féconde de nos recherches s’est maintenue jusqu’a nos jours.
Lorsque, vers la fin du xvui® siécle, Lavoisier a jeté les bases de la Chimie
moderne, ses travaux ont été étroitement mélés 4 ceux de Priestley et de
Cavendish. Au siécle qui vient de finir, et pour ne parler que de ceux qui ne
sont plus, la postérité réunira dans une admiration commune les noms de
quelques-uns de nos confréres, et ceux 4 jamais illustres d’Herschel, de
Dalton, de Faraday, de Darwin, de Lord Kelvin, de Sylvester, de Cayley,

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 43

d’Adams, de Maxwell, d’Huggins, de Lord Lister. Quelque incomplete
quelle puisse étre, cette énumération montre bien que, tout en conservant
Yempreinte de Newton, tout en vous attachant a cultiver cette science
maitresse 4 laquelle il a donné le beau nom de philosophie naturelle, vous
n’avez négligé aucune branche du savoir’ humain. La méthode qui vous
a guidés peut étre aisément définie en quelques mots: Nudlius in verba, telle
a été la devise que la Société royale a toujours appliquée dans les travaux que,
depuis sa fondation, Elle n’a cessé d’accomplir pour le développement et
Yaccroissement des sciences de la Nature. En répandant ainsi, en faisant
’ connaitre par vos propres recherches et par les directions que vous donnez,
cette méthode scientifique que le Chancelier Bacon avait préconisée avec tant
de force et d’autorité, que Newton avait illustrée dans ses Principia et dans
son Optique, vous avez rempli avec éclat la partie essentielle de la taéche qui,
de tout temps, a été dévolue aux Sociétés Savantes; mais votre action s’est
étendue plus loin encore et vous nous avez donné, sur d’autres points, des
exemples que tous doivent s’efforcer d’imiter. Rattachés a votre gouvernement
par des liens quelque peu laches, qui vous assurent une indépendance a peu
prés complete, vous avez tenu néanmoins a lui rendre tous les services qu’un
grand pays peut attendre d’une Société Savante. Vous lui prétez votre
concours pour la distribution des subventions aux recherches scientifiques,
pour la direction de l’Observatoire de Greenwich, du Laboratoire national
de physique, pour l’étude des maladies tropicales qui se rencontrent dans
votre Empire, le plus vaste que le monde ait jamais connu; vous provoquez,
vous sollicitez sa coopération pour les expéditions maritimes et scientifiques,
pour les découvertes géographiques, pour I’étude des tremblements de terre,
de l’Océan dans ses profondeurs, et pour bien d’autres objets que nous
renoncons 4 énumérer. Tant de travaux, tant de préoccupations sont loin
dépuiser votre activité; et lon vous a toujours trouvés animés d’un esprit
large et vraiment libéral, préts_a susciter et a faire vivre ces associations
internationales qui sont appelées 4 prendre une place de plus en plus bienfai-
sante dans le développement et dans la vie de humanité. Naguére, vous
coopériez avec nous a la création de l’Association internationale des Académies ;
vous avez voulu diriger vous-mémes une des entreprises les plus difficiles qui
aient jamais été tentées: nous voulons parler du Catalogue international de
littérature scientifique, qui a été déja, et qui sera plus encore dans l'avenir,
si utile, si nécessaire aux chercheurs de tous les pays. Les services que vous
avez ainsi rendus a votre pays, a la science et 4 ’humanité méritent le respect
et Tadmiration que vous apportent aujourd’hui tant de voix autorisées,
auxquelles nous sommes heureux de joindre les notres. Puissiez-vous prospérer
longtemps encore pour servir d’exemple 4 nos Sociétés Savantes, pour offrir
a votre pays et aux savants de toutes les nations une moisson de plus en plus
ample de ces découvertes qui sont marquées au coin de toutes les qualités,
du génie de votre race! tel est le voeu bien cordial et bien sincére que vous

44. THE ROYAL SOCIETY

présentent en ce jour vos confréres, permettez-nous de dire vos amis, de
PAcadémie des Sciences de Paris.
Le 15 juillet 1912.
GABRIEL LIPPMANN, Président.
FELIX GUYON, Vice-Président.
GASTON DARBOUX, Secrétaire perpétuel pour les
Sciences mathématiques.
PHILIPPE VAN TIEGHEM, Secrétaire perpétuel pour les
Sciences physiques.

OBSERVATORY, Paris

Le Dreecrevr DE 1’OsservaTorrE DE Paris A Monsieur LE PrésiDENT
DE LA Sociéré Royate pE Lonpres.—Monsieur le Président, —En m’invitant
a assister A vos fétes, vous avez voulu honorer l’Observatoire de Paris, dont
trois directeurs, J.-D. Cassini, Arago, Le Verrier, ont été associés étrangers
de la Société Royale. Parmi les grands noms qui, dans tous les ordres des
sciences, ont illustré votre Société, ceux des astronomes, avec Bradley, Newton,
Herschel et tant d’autres, brillent aux tout premiers rangs. L’Observatoire
de Paris est heureux de leur rendre hommage, et d’exprimer a la Société
Royale, avec ses remerciments pour ’honneur qui lui est fait, sa profonde

admiration.
B. BAILLAUD, Directeur de [ Observatoire de Paris.

Frencu Society or Puysics, Paris

.

La Société Frangaisrk DE Puysiqur A ta Socréré RoyaLe pe LonprEs
a VPoecasion du deux cent cinquantiéme anniversaire de sa fondation.—A
Moysieur te Préswenr dE La Socréré Royate pE Lonpres.—Monsieur le
Président,—La Société Francaise de Physique vous exprime ses bien vives
félicitations 4 Poccasion de la célébration du deux cent cinquantiéme anniver-
saire de la fondation de la Société Royale de Londres. Ces deux siécles et
demi de fécond labeur, que nous célébrons aujourd’hui, ont magnifiquement
accru, par leurs riches moissons de découvertes, le patrimoine universel de
la Vérité et de la Science. Votre illustre Compagnie a eu lheureuse pensée
de convier les Sociétés savantes ¢trangéres 4 cette solennelle commémoration
de tant de souvenirs glorieux. La Société Francaise de Physique est heureuse
de répondre a votre cordiale invitation, dont elle sent tout le prix, et de venir
apporter 4 la Société Royale de Londres son tribut dhommages et de
respectueuse admiration.

7 oO
gh Fi 6S B. BAILLAUD, Président.

CH.-ED, GUILLAUME, Vice-président.
HENRI ABRAHAM, Secrétaire général.

: .

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 45

BoranicaL Socrery oF France, Paris

A ta Royat Socrery, Lonpres.—La Socréré BoraniauE pE France
est heureuse d’exprimer 4 la Royal Society ses plus chaleureuses félicitations
a Toccasion de son 250°° Anniversaire et elle est particuligrement flattée
et reconnaissante d’avoir été invitée 4 prendre part aux Cérémonies Jubilaires.
Pleine d’admiration pour l’ceuvre scientifique de la Savante Société Anglaise
Elle forme le voeu que l’avenir lui réserve une riche moisson d’importants
travaux et de glorieux lauriers.

Le Président de la Société Botanique de France, R. ZEILLER.
15 Juillet 1912.

UNIVERSITY OF BoRDEAUX

Universiratis Burpicarensis Constmium Socieratt Recatt Lonprvenst
PRO SCIENTIA NATURALI PROMOVENDA SaturemM.—Per vos, Viri doctissimi et
illustrissimi, liceat nobis—quod iam non semel fecimus—declarare quanta
iamdudum admiratione opera prosequamur sodalium vestrorum qui tantopere
ad promovendam scientiam contulerunt et conferunt. Rogamus iidem benigne
vota nostra accipiatis optantium ut in posterum non minoribus beneficiis
humanitatem donetis, ideoque in aeternum crescat et augeatur decus clarissi-
mae vestrae Societatis.

Datum Burdigalae, die X mensis Iulii MCMXII in nomine Universitatis
Consilii.
A. PITRES, delegatus.

NatTionaL ACADEMY OF BorDEAUX

L’AcaDEMIE NATIONALE DES ScreNcEs, Bettes-Lerrres er Arts pr BorpEaux
adresse 4 la Société Royale de Londres 4 occasion du 250° anniversaire de
sa fondation son salut confraternel et son voeu cordial de prospérité,
Londres et Bordeaux sont unis, depuis prés de deux mille ans, par des liens
qu’ont noués des intéréts économiques communs, qu’ont resserrés des affinités
naturelles ‘et des sympathies inaltérables. Dés l’époque romaine Bordeaux
fut le point de départ de la voie qui méne de France en Grande-Bretagne et
dont Londres est le point d’arrivée. Au Moyen Age, pendant trois siécles,
les deux cités eurent des destinées semblables. Le méme roi d’Angleterre, duc
d’Aquitaine, qui signa la Grande Charte, donna aux Bordelais ces franchises
communales dont ils gardent pieusement la tradition. La prospérité com-
merciale, née des échanges entre Londres et Bordeaux, a pour jamais garanti
a notre ville son prestige de métropole du Sud-Ouest de la France. Cet

46 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

amour des libertés municipales et cette solidarité économique sont les deux
traits caractéristiques de Phistoire de Bordeaux. Au xvut® siécle un nouveau
lien, d’une autre nature, fut noué. Cinquante ans aprés Londres, Bordeaux
voulut avoir sa Société royale, vouée, elle aussi, 4 l'étude et au progrés des
sciences de la nature. Des relations trés nobles, dont nos registres conservent
la trace, s’établirent entre la jeune Académie bordelaise et son éminente sceur
ainée. L’honneur en revient au membre le plus illustre de notre Compagnie,
a Timmortel penseur qui révéla a la France la beauté de la constitution
anglaise, au grand Montesquieu. A la veille de célébrer le deuxiéme
centenaire de sa fondation, ’Académie de Bordeaux est fiére de rappeler
ces souvenirs. Puissent-ils resserrer, dune facon plus ¢troite encore, les liens
séculaires de nos deux cités, affermir la cordiale entente de nos deux nations,
gage de la paix du monde!

Bordeaux, 8 Juillet 1912.

Le Président de TAcadémie nationale des Sciences,
Belles-Lettres et Arts de Bordeaux, PAUL COURTEAULT.

UNIVERSITY OF CLERMONT-FERRAND

Praxsipit Concitio Er SopALIBUS AMPLISSIMAE Socreratis Recatis Lonprnt
consistENTIS Universrras Ciaromonrensis 8. P. D.—Accepimus, Viri Doctis-
simi et Illustrissimi, gratoque legimus animo litteras quibus nos certiores
facitis vos natalem vestrum hoc ipso mense Iulio celebraturos esse ; vobisque
hosce ducentos quinquaginta peractos feliciter annos libentissime gratulamur.
Nemo est enim, inter eos qui scientiae Naturali promovendae student, qui
nesciat quantum per illud grande temporis spatium in rerum natura inqui-
renda, scrutanda, investiganda profeceritis, quantoque doctrinae emolumento
per vos aucti fuerint homines. Unum igitur e nostro numero, uti amicissime
rogavistis, ProrrssorrEM Avcustum Petter, delegavimus, qui vobiscum Socie-
tatem vestram fundatam concelebret, nostraeque erga vos benivolentiae testis
locuples festis diebus proximis intersit.

Dabamus Claromonte, Kal. Iuliis a. MDCCCCXII.
A. COVILLE, Rector, Concilit Universitatis Praeses.

University or Nancy

Universiré DE Nancy.—Monsreur LE PristpEnr,—Un navire, 4 pleines
voiles, franchissant la barriére des deux colonnes d’Hercule, dont l’antiquité
avait dit qu’on n’irait pas plus loin; au-dessous, cette inscription, empruntée
a la Bible, Multi pertransibunt et augebitur Scientia, ‘ Beaucoup passeront, et

a

aag® ~

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 47

le domaine de la Science sera augmenté’: telle est Pimage et telle est la devise
gravées au-devant du Novum Organum de Francis Bacon. Prophétiques
paroles, qui devaient trouver leur pleine réalisation dans l’ceuvre accomplie
par cette fille posthume de son génie, la Société Royale de Londres. Depuis
deux siécles et demi, en effet, combien de savants ont passé, qui, apres avoir
exploré toutes les parties du vaste monde scientifique, ont rapporté de leurs
voyages, comme un ¢éloquent livre de bord, ces deux cent onze volumes de
vos Philosophical Transactions! Et quelle gloire pour eux d’avoir, sous les
plis du pavillon britannique, combattu le bon combat pour cet impérialisme
de la Science, le plus grand et le plus beau de tous, le seul qui n’enregistre
que des victoires, et dont bénéficient tous les peuples! Au dix-septiéme
siecle déja, un de nos esprits les plus curieux, qui sous un air frivole cachait
le goiit des choses sérieuses, un Francais enfin, en était émerveillé, et s’inter-
rompait dans une de ses Fables pour jeter cette réflexion ;

. . - Les Anglais pensent profondément.
Creusant dans les sujets, et forts d’expériences,
Ils étendent partout empire des sciences.

Cet hommage que vous rendait ingénument notre La Fontaine, toute la
France savante vous l’apporte aujourd’hui: non seulement Paris, la capitale,
mais aussi les diverses régions francaises, et la nétre en particulier: je veux
dire la Lorraine. C'est la France de Est, sensible plus que toute autre a la
gloire scientifique, parce que, plus que toute autre, elle a appris 4 la connaitre
en de glorieux fils nés de son sol: au siécle dernier, les mathématiciens Ponce-
let et Hermite, ’'un de Metz et Pautre du Pays messin, tous deux Lorrains, de
cette Lorraine arrachée depuis lors 4 notre Patrie; avant eux, Gergonne,
connu par ses Annales, et Liouville, par son Journal; aprés eux, le plus haut
représentant actuel des mathématiques parmi nous, un fils de Nancy méme,
Henri Poincaré. C'est un grand honneur pour notre jeune Université de
Nancy, de méler sa voix 4 ce magnifique concert d’éloges qui retentissent de
partout a la gloire de la Société Royale de Londres. Par le nombre et la
valeur de vos travaux, par illustration de vos savants, qu’en Angleterre la
faveur publique aussi bien que le pouvoir récompensent a l’envi, puissiez-vous
toujours, comme vous avez fait jusqu’ici, poursuivre au cours des Ages votre
fécond labeur, pro Dignitate et Augmentis Scientiarum, disait encore Bacon
‘Pour l’accroissement ou le progrés des Sciences, et aussi pour leur dignité !”

Nancy, 14 Juillet 1912.

Le Recteur de [ Université, CH. ADAM,
Membre correspondant de Institut de France.

48 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

GERMANY

The Universities of Germany, instead of each preparing an Address, com-
bined their felicitations upon a large bronze Tablet which, at the Reception
of the Royal Society, was presented in their name by Professor Dr. Woldemar
Voigt, Rector of the University of Géttingen. Delegates were at the same
time present from the Universities of Berlin, Bonn, Breslau, Erlangen,
Freiburg-im-Breisgau, Giessen, Géttingen, Greifswald, Halle, Heidelberg,
Konigsberg, Leipzig, Marburg, Munich, Miinster, Rostock, Strassburg, and
Tiibingen. The Tablet, which is shown in the accompanying illustration,
now hangs on the wall of the Entrance-hall of the Society’s apartments in
Burlington House.

—_

yey

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 49

Roya Society oF Scrences oF GOTTINGEN

Recriazr Socrerati Screntrarum Lonpinenst quinquaginta lustrorum memo-
riam feliciter agenti tantam praeteritorum temporum gloriam praesentium-
que felicitatem congratulantes futurorum saeculorum pares auguramur even-
tus. Nam quo die Societas a Roberto Boylio constituta Regiae nomen
accepit, nova lux ingenii humani studiis affulsit, cum semina renatarum
litterarum temporibus iacta in agro Baconis Verulamensis opera praeparato
altas radices egissent et ad insperatam fructuum adcrescerent ubertatem.
Satis est reminisci primitias fere Societatis magnum Newtonem protulisse.
Sed post Newtonis tempora dici vix potest quot quantarumque rerum indaga-
tio Societati Regiae debeatur. Neque enim attinet commemorare Observa-
torii Greenwichensis vel Laboratorii Institutionis Regiae merita, vel expedi-
tionum Cookii, Rossii, aliorumque immortalem memoriam, vel summorum
virorum nomina suscitare, quorum cum suam quisque aetatem ampliore
scientiae lumine auxerit, coniuncti omnes acta Regiae Societatis inlustraverunt
labore famaque. Quorum potissimum opera factum, sed et popularium
prudenti liberalitate, ut inter Academias naturae scientiae deditas non aetate
tantum et vetere gloria, verum virtute et factis aut cum primis aut prima
numeretur ac robore vere iuvenali gaudens futuri quoque temporis palmas
victrices affectet. Qua laude fulta Regia Societas ut semper quae communi
scientiarum utilitati inservirent sua auctoritate promovit, hac nostra aetate
Academias totius orbis coniuncti laboris vinculis colligandi grande consilium
cepit et executa est. Quod non sine nostra opera factum esse libenter
recordamur atque in posterum quoque longam studiorum communionem feli-
citer duraturam esse speramus.

-Recra Socreras Lirrerarum GorrincENsis.
Datum Gottingae, die XV mensis Iunii a. MCM XII.

Royat Prusstan ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, BERLIN

Der Roya. Socrery or Lonpon ENTBrerer zur Ferrer rHrEs 250 3K4HRIGEN
Besrenens pie Koénicuich Prevussiscoe AKADEMIE DER WIsSENSCHAFTEN ZU
Berruin HERZLICHEN GLiicKWUNSCH UND SCHWESTERLICHEN Gruss.—Wenn auch
einige andere wissenschaftliche Gesellschaften auf ein ebenso ehrwiirdiges
Alter zuriickblicken kénnen, so darf sich doch die Royal Society rithmen, in
dem Vierteljahrtausend ihres Bestehens auf dem von ihr gepflegten Gebiet
der Naturwissenschaften mehr geleistet und auf die Entwickelung dieser
Wissenszweige einen grésseren Einfluss ausgeiibt zu haben als irgendeine der
gelehrten Korporationen aller Kulturvélker. Die Jubilarin ist nicht, wie
viele ihrer Schwestern, aus kleinen Anfiingen zu ihrer heutigen Grésse und
Bedeutung hervorgewachsen. Vollendet, wie Minerva dem Haupte Jupiters
entstieg, tritt sie uns gleich nach ihrer Begriindung als eine stolze Genossen-

E

50 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

schaft von Forschern ersten Ranges entgegen. In der Liste der Mitglieder,
welche die Begeisterung fiir die Wissenschaft und die Freude an der neuen
Experimentierkunst im Jahre 1662 zu gemeinsamer Arbeit in den Raiumen
des Gresham College vereinigte, lesen wir mit Ehrfurcht die Namen von
Robert Hooke, Robert Boyle und anderen, deren Entdeckungen heute die
Grundlage weitverzweigter Wissensgebiete bilden. Aber der Glanz dieser
Namen wird iiberstrahlt von der leuchtenden Ruhmessonne Isaak Newtons,
des gréssten Physikers aller Zeiten und gréssten Denkers auf dem Gebiet der
Astronomie, wie ihn Helmholtz genannt hat. Mehr als die Begriinder selbst
hat dieser gottbegnadete Meister, der wenige Jahre spiiter der Gesellschaft
als Mitglied beitrat und wiihrend eines Zeitraums von 24 Jahren ihr Priisi-
dent war, der Royal Society den Stempel seiner Persénlichkeit aufgepriigt.
Es darf der Jubilarin das hohe Lob gespendet werden, dass sie stets von dem
Geiste der grossen Miinner beseelt war, die an ihrer Wiege gestanden haben
und zu denen sich im Laufe der Jahrhunderte eine unabsehbare Reihe
hervorragender Forscher auf allen Gebieten der Naturwissenschaften hinzuge-
sellt hat. Frei in ihren Institutionen, ist sie durch alle Zeiten eine Pflegstiitte
der reinen, von Vorurteilen unbeirrten Forschung geblieben, eine fiir geistige
Freiheit kiimpfende Genossenschaft, die ihre hohe Devise: ‘ Nullius in verba’
mit berechtigtem Stolze fiihrt. Mége sie in diesen edeln Traditionen fort-
leben, mége es ihr vergénnt sein, auch in kiinftigen Zeiten eine so grosse Zahl
hervorragender Miinner und fiihrender Geister in ihrer Mitte zu vereinigen,
und mége sie, den alten Ruhmesblittern stets neue hinzufiigend, auch ferner-
hin die Wissenschaft mit neuer und immer reicherer Erkenntnis beschenken,
zur Ehre ihres grossen Vaterlandes und zum Segen der ganzen Menschheit !
Die Ko6niciicu PreussiscHs AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN.

ROETHE. DIELS. WALDEYER. PLANCK.

Roya Bavarian ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, MunicH

Der Kénicricnen GEsetiscuarr zu Lonpon, gegriindet zu einer Zeit, in
welcher nur im Geburtslande der neueren Kultur und auch hier nur als eine
ephemere Schépfung fiirstlicher Gunst (der besonders von Schiilern Galileis
gebildete ‘Cimento’ in Florenz) eine Akademie zur Pflege der exakten
Wissenschaften entstand, und seitdem durch ihre Tatigkeit ununterbrochen
einen eminenten Einfluss auf die Fortschritte in der Erforschung der Natur
ausiibend, sendet hiemit zu ihrem 250jihrigen Wiegenfeste eine um 100
Jahre jiingere Schwester, die K6niciich Bayeriscuzr AKADEMIE DER WISSEN-
SCHAFTEN zu Mijncuen, ihre aufrichtigsten Gliickwiinsche.

Miinchen, im Juli 1912.

Dr. von HEIGEL, Président.
Dr. v. GOEBEL, Sekretar der mathematisch-physikalischen Klasse.

ae KS tea

—

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 51

Natural SciENcCE Union, Hampure

Der NarurwisseNscHAFTLICHE VEREIN IN Hampure dankt der Royal Society
in London bestens fiir die Einladung zum zweihundertfiinfzigsten Stiftungs-
feste und sendet ihr in freudigster Anerkennung ihrer hohen Verdienste um
unsere Wissenschaft die herzlichsten Gliickwiinsche. Mége sie weiter wachsen,
blithen und gedeihen als leuchtendes Beispiel fiir alle Vélker und alle Zeiten.

Pror. Dr. G. GURICH, J. Vorsitzender.

ITALY

University oF Romer

Universitas Sruprorum Romana libentissimo animo se sociam ceteris
omnibus optimarum artium institutis, quotquot in orbe terrarum sunt, addit,
ut una cum iis Societati Regali Londinensi, quae per CCL ex quo condita
est annos (grande et gloriae plenum aevi spatium) liberales disciplinas summo
opere promoverit atque propagaverit, maximam admirationem gratumque
animum profiteatur. Nam ista Societas postquam a Bacone illo Verulamiensi
animo est concepta, quo tempore disciplinae omnes miro quodam virorum
doctorum studio renovabantur atque ut ille apud Britannos, ita in Academiis
Linceorum et Experimenti nostrates, Galileius eiusque discipuli, rerum
natura qua ratione esset pervestiganda docebant, exemplo praemonstrabant,
ab incunabulis suis usque ad hoc tempus in optimis artibus colendis promo-
vendisque nunquam viam ceteris munire destitit; quidquid autem eius
auspiciis aut inventum aut investigatum est, id omnibus est hominibus
patefactum celeberrimis editis actis quibus nomen est Philosophical Trans-
actions, quo exemplo usi sunt ceteri ad sua quoque inventa in lucem pro-
ferenda. Magnum Newtonii nomen est cum Societate Regali Londinensi
tam arte coniunctum, ut nemo possit de illius optimis inventis cogitare quin
statim in Societatis memoriam redeat, cui ille usque ad extremum vitae
diem praefuerit. Universitas Studiorum Romana vota pro Societate Regali
Londinensi nuncupat precaturque ut prospera semper utatur fortuna atque
summa ut nunc in perpetuum floreat gloria. Delegatus est qui personam
Universitatis Regiae Romanae gerat V. Votrerra, Eques torquatus, physicae
mathematicae Professor ordinarius, inter Senatores Italici regni adlectus,
Facultatis scientiarum Praeses.

Romae, Die I mensis Iuliti MCM XII.

ALBERTUS TONELLI, Rector Romanae Universitatis.
£2

52 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

UNIVERSITY OF BoLOGNA

Recatr Socreratt rebus naturalibus cognoscendis Londini ante annos prope
CCL institutae nunc feriis indictis natalem suum celebranti Universitas
litterarum et artium Bononiensis fausta omnia, proinde ac merita est, spe
bona certaque precatur.

Namque alid ex alio clarescet, nec tibi caeca
nox iter eripiet quin ultima naturai
pervideas: ita res accendent lumina rebus.

Bononiae, VIII Kal. Tul. a. MCMXII.
} LEO PESCI, Rector Universitatis.

UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO

Recror SeENatus ProressorEs ATHENAEI PANHORMITANI Praxsrp1 ConciLio
Sopa.isus Recrak Socreratis Lonprinensis S$. D.—Qua estis humanitate, annum
quinquagesimum et ducentesimum concelebraturi, ex quo Carolus II regio
rescripto Societatem vestram constituit, unum e nostro numero vobiscum
Londini esse concupivistis. Quod maxima nos voluptate adfecit. Vetus
enim amor coniunctioque inter Italos Britannosque est manetque nobis, ut
Vergiliano illo versu utamur, alta mente repostum quanto studio Britanni
Italiae renascentis exordia prosecuti sint. Cuius amoris vinculo quo Itali et
Britanni coniunguntur, alterum additum est, quo praesertim Athenaeum
nostrum Societati vestrae adhaeret, ex quo Stanislaum Cannizzarum qui, in
hac urbe natus, in Athenaeo nostro decem circiter annos adolescentes docuit
atque erudivit antequam Romam se contulit, in amplissimum Collegium
vestrum cooptandum et Copleiano nummo ornandum censuistis: cui honori
vix ullus anteponendus videtur, cum Societas vestra de tot ingeniis mirifice
excellentibus glorietur et, si quis ab ultimo fere initio rem repetere velit, de
Newtono illo, sodali vestro et praeside, tam magni animi viro, ut, Galilaei
nostri ardorem aemulatus, animo morituro caeli claustra perruperit polumque
rotundum percurrerit. Ergo ex nostro numero libentissime clarissimum
sodalem nostrum Ionannem Barrisram Gucciam misimus qui votorum no-
strorum interpres et nuntius his diebus vobiscum bona omnia vobis
Societatique vestrae precaretur. Valete.

Datum Panhormi, Id. Iun. A. MDCCCCXII.

FED. RAFFAELE, Rector.
V. USSANI, 4b Epistulis Latinis.

«et ED et We ee

ee

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 53

Royat AcADEMY OF THE LINcEI, RoME

Reera Lynceorum Acapemia CrarissmMo Praxsrpr ConciLio ATQUE REGIAE
Socreratis Lonprnensis Sopatisus Salutem.—Longo iam temporis spatio
luxuriosae ac munificae suae vitae ista praeclara Regia Societas homines clari-
tate praestantes, quorum magnos gerit spiritus genus humanum, domum suam
recepit. His diebus festis ad memoriam servandam atque colendam indictis
veteris et praeclarae Societatis, quae, anno MDCLXII, Rege Carolo II
auspice, orta est, Societates omnes, quibus maxime sunt cordi humanae
scientiae progressus, bona omnia mittunt. Regia Lynceorum Academia,
me auctore, summam suam animi voluptatem significat et diei Regiae Lon-
dinensis Societatis natalis particeps est.

Romae, Mense Iulio MCM XII.
PETRUS BLASERNA, Praeses.

MONACO

OcCEANOGRAPHICAL INSTITUTE

L'Instirur ocanocraruiquE fondé par le Prince de Monaco s’associe aux
témoignages de respect que bien des corps scientifiques adressent aujourd’hui
a leur doyenne en songeant avec reconnaissance aux efforts qu’elle fit avant
tout autre pour agrandir le domaine de l’esprit. Les savants groupés autour
du Prince apportent leurs félicitations pour ce 250™° anniversaire avec un
empressement d’autant plus cordial que les savants anglais sont les premiers
qui aient compris limportance du réle dévolu 4 l’Océanographie dans le
progres des connaissances humaines. Cette circonstance est favorable pour
reconnaitre la haute influence que la Société Royale de Londres a su exercer
sur le développement scientifique de ! Angleterre en faisant naitre parmi les
esprits cultivés la puissance de initiative. Cest ainsi que les grandes
expéditions scientifiques concues par les savants de l’Angleterre ont été presque
toujours rendues effectives par le concours des particuliers. Souvent PEtat
a joint sa contribution en hommes et en nature aux grandes entreprises telles
que la croisiére du Challenger; puisse-t-il intervenir plus largement encore
pour la solution des problémes scientifiques dont la recherche établit mieux
— toute autre manifestation d’énergie le prestige moral d’une nation. Un

tat qui favorise la culture de l’esprit sans entraver le libre essor des opinions
fait honneur au pays dont il est une émanation. Drailleurs la Grande
Bretagne qui a montré comment un peuple édifie sa puissance, son prestige et
sa prospérité en respectant ce qu'il y a de noble et d’émouvant dans ses
traditions, la Grande Bretagne possede déja, avec la longue existence de votre
Société Royale, la tradition scientifique. Aussi une élite intellectuelle vient

54 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

aujourd’hui saluer le génie du Peuple Britannique dans une de ses plus belles
fructifications. Les hommes de science ne revendiquent pas un privilége
exclusif dans ’évolution de la mentalité humaine: de grands cerveaux ont
cultivé les éléments de.celle-ci lorsque la science n’existait pas encore, mais
quand, déja, la recherche de la vérité en toute chose lui préparait les voies,
C’est pourquoi nous voulons glorifier la mémoire des hommes qui se sont
illustrés dans les diverses branches de l’activité intellectuelle, qui ont répandu
sur la Grande Bretagne les premiers bienfaits de la civilisation moderne,
et dont la renommée se confond avec celle de la Société Royale.

ALBERT, P™ pe Monaco.

NETHERLANDS

UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM

Socreratis Recauis Prarsip1, Concit10, SopALIBUS, VIRIS AMPLISSIMIS,
Recror er Senatus Unrversiratis AMsTeLopAMeEnsis, S. P. D.—Societas
Regalis illustrissima per CCL annos vim illam scientiae insitam in usum
generis humani promovit. Quam ob rem magno et sincero gaudio affecti cum
per legatum nostrum C. WrvkteER, virum clarissimum, ad Vos missum, tum
per hanc epistulam sollemnem, quantum Vestrae laetitiae simus participes,
libenter profitemur. Quid scientia sodalibus Vestris, summis illis viris, quid
verbis et factis Societatis Vestrae non minus Patria Vestra quam mundus
debeat universus, grato animo recordamur. Utinam labores et studia, quae
ad hune diem in promovendas artes impendere voluistis, ad lucem veritatis
diffundendam et vim scientiae augendam aptissima, per futura quoque
tempora splendeant semper clarissimeque conspiciantur.

Dabamus Amstelodami, die XI mensis Iulit A, D. MCM XII.

Dr. C. WINKLER, Rectore Magnifico.
J.D. v. d. WAALS, Jr., Senatus Actuario.

UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN

Socreratt Recat pro Screntia NATURALI PROMOVENDA LONDINII CONDITAE
Senatus Universitatis Gronincanar S. P. D. Q. B. F. F. F..Q. S.—Si bene
et sapienter a maioribus nostris institutum est, ut singuli homines quotannis
diem suum natalem celebrent, quo vitam ante actam paulisper saltem respicere
possint, non minus prudenter eadem consuetudo diei natalis celebrandi etiam
ad universitates translata esse videtur. Quapropter, viri illustrissimi, magno-
pere gaudemus, quod vos urbem celeberrimam fegotiosissimam frequentissimam

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 55

incolentes, hunc diem festum, quo ducentis quinquaginta annis ante Societas
vestra a Carolo Secundo, rege augustissimo, constituta est, silentio praeterire
noluistis. Iam vobiscum longum illud tempus memoria recolentes laetamur,
quod Societas vestra tamdiu floruit viguitque, gratulamur autem, quod
numerus Sodalium semper augetur neque eorum studium et diligentia umquam
remissa est, denique vehementer speramus fore ut Societatis vestrae gloria et
felicitas etiam in posterum firmentur. Petentibus vobis, ut unus e coetu
nostro ad vos delegaretur, qui vobiscum dies festos concelebraret, Senatus
Universitatis Groninganae decrevit ut ipse Rector, v. cl. Gzrarpus CorNnEtius
Nisnorr, ad vos legatus mitteretur. Nos autem eiusdem Senatus decreto
sollemni obsecuti hance gratulationem et haec vota sincera ad vos misimus.

Groningae, Kalendis Iuliis MCM-XII.
G. C. NISHOFF, Senatus Univ. Gron. Rector.
J. H. KERN, Senatus Univ. Gron. Ab actis.

UNIVERSITY OF LEYDEN

Socrerat: RecraE LonpDINENSI FELICITER PERACTUM QUINQUAGESIMUM LUSTRUM
GRATULANTUR Universiratis Lucpuno-Baravar Recror rr Senatus.—Laetissi-
mas iam iam celebraturis ferias ex animi sententia Vobis gratulamur, utpote
qui Vobiscum gaudeamus longum et memorabile respicientes tempus a Vestra
peractum Societate, nec minus decus illud vigoremque contemplantes quo
nunc splendet illa nitetque. Quod dum facimus, simul mente pia illorum
virorum recolimus memoriam, qui pauci numero—atque in ea re Vestra patria
fere ceteris omnibus regionibus monstravit viam—coierunt ut naturae dete-
gerent arcana et prudentibus accuratisque inquisitionibus collectam doctrinam
in omnium mortalium converterent utilitatem. Ex illo surculo, strenue
adiuvantibus viris illustribus, ipsa adiuvante Republica legibus opibusque
suis, sed praesertim Sociis Vestris praeclaras suas mentis dotes indefessamque
industriam intendentibus, sanctissima illa succrevit arbor, quae nunc umbra
sua tegit recreatque totum campum illum disciplinarum physicarum, qui per
totum orbem terrarum extenditur. Vestra historia, quae nobis exhibuit illa
nunquam interituro splendentia fulgore ingenia, Newtoni, Harveii, Darwinii,
Kelvini, aliorum, eximias quasdam implet paginas libri quo universae humani-
tatis fata enarrantur celebranturque. Illa nobis exponit ars geometrica -
quomodo humanae mentis opibus subsidio venerit, caeli profunda quae sit
emensa ratio, qua sint sagacitate extremi naturae perlustrati recessus, mor-
borum avertendorum reprimendorumque quae sint inventae artes. Cumque
semper singulorum doctorum conamina prudenti sustentastis atque incitastis
admonitione, saepe, cum initum esset aliquod consilium egregium sed unius
populi superaturum vires, Vos auctores fuistis communis cuiusdam militiae

56 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

omnibus gentibus allaturae salutem et prosperitatem. Gratissimo vero animo
laetissimis hisce diebus quibus vinculis Vobiscum iuncti fuerint permulti viri
qui in nostra patria naturae legibus investigandis dederunt operam recordamur.
Vobis acceptum referre nunquam desinemus quod Leeuwenhoekius noster suas
de animalibus microscopicis disquisitiones in luceem edere communem potuit ;
Huygensium quem tamquam physicorum nostrorum principem suspicimus
colimusque, semper cum proavis Vestris de gravissimis rebus iniisse consilia
tenemus memoria. Neque nostro tempore deesse Neerlandicos doctos, atque
ipsius huius Universitatis alumnos, qui extranei socii Vobis sint adscripti
laetamur gloriamurque. Quas res pia grataque recolentes mente ex animi
sententia pro Vestrae Societatis vota facimus salute. Sint futura praeteritis
similia tempora, atque in longam annorum seriem pergat Societas Vestra cum
toti vitae humanae tum disciplinis illis augustis salutiferisque lucem ferre
subsidiumque.

Lugduni Batavorum, d. vi m. Tulitti MCM XII.
F. PIJPER, Rector.
B. D. EERDMANS, Actuarius.

UNIvEeRsITY OF UTRECHT

Socreratis Recaris Lonprvensis Praxsipr Concrt1o Soparius S. P. D.
Senartus Universiratis Utrrarecrinar.—Propter Societatis Vestrae dignitatem
et doctrinae celebritatem eximiam cum Rectorem Magnificum huiusce Acade-
miae ad Vos, Viri Doctissimi, legavimus, ut nostro nomine praesentes Vos
compellaret sensumque erga Vos nostrum obsequiumque declararet, tum com-
mittere non potuimus quin per has litteras diem natalicium Vestrae Societatis
ducentesimum quinquagesimum Vobis ex animo gratularemur. Quae quantum
in scientia naturali promovenda laborarit quamque uberrimis fructibus
humanum genus per lustra illa quinquaginta bearit, cum nemo ignoret, nunc
commemorare non decet ; hoc vero et nos et omnes scientiarum amantes precari
vel maxime decet ut diem sollemnem Deus O, M. Vobis’fortunet, Societatem
Vestram usque servet incolumem florentemque atque omni bonorum abun-
dantia cumulet. Vaiete, Viri Lllustrissimi antistites Societatis Regalis
insignissimi, Vobisque ita persuadeatis nos nihil magis optare quam ut diu
porro et nos et omnes scientiae studiosi subsidio Vestro ac luce fruamur,
Iterum valete.

Datum Traiecti ad Rhenum, Idibus Tulits A. S. MCM XII,
A, A. NIJLAND, h. t. Rector Magnijicus.
C, EIJKMAN, h. t. Actuarius.

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 57

Royat ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, AMSTERDAM

Tue Royat Acapemy or Sciences or Amsrerpam offers its best con-
gratulations to the Royal Society of London on the occasion of the cele-
bration of its two hundred and fiftieth anniversary. In these two hundred
and fifty years Science has reached a high degree of development, to which
the Royal Society, as one of the earliest scientific institutions, has powerfully
contributed, The Royal Academy of Sciences remembers with pleasure the
feelings of friendship which have always existed between the Royal Society
and Dutch scholars throughout the period of its existence. For ever memo-
rable, not only to the Academy, but also to the whole of the Dutch nation,
will be the encouragement which the Royal Society shortly after its founda-
tion gave to Leeuwenhoek by appointing him a Fellow of the Society in 1679,
a distinction highly valued by him, and which has undoubtedly been pro-
motive both to the production and to the spread of his inventions, which he
communicated in a correspondence with the Royal Society extending over
forty-four years. Further the Academy recalls on this occasion with great
acknowledgement, how Christian Huygens, the contemporary and corre-
spondent of Newton, Flamsteed, Boyle, Locke, with which famous men he was
personally acquainted, was one of the first foreign members of the Royal
Society. And how on Boerhaave, also a Fellow of the Royal Society, the
special honour was conferred that Cromwell Mortimer, then Secretary of the
Royal Society, dedicated the thirty-ninth volume of the Philosophical
Transactions to this scholar in 1785. The Royal Academy of Sciences
wishes the Royal Society many years of great prosperity, and expresses the
hope that the mutual feelings of friendship, which have been entertained for
two and a half centuries, may continue to exist in the future.

Amsterdam, July 1912. :

P. D. CHANTEPIE DE LA SAUSSAYE, President.
P. ZEEMAN, Secretary.

Dutrcu Socrery or Sciences, HaarLEM

Tue Presipentr anp Councit or tHE Dutcn Socrery or Sciences offer their
most sincere congratulations to the Royal Society on the occasion of its
250th anniversary. Few Societies can look back on an uninterrupted existence
of two and a half centuries, less on a continuous activity during so long
a time and none on a higher class of scientific work than that published
by the Royal Society. The President and Council of the Dutch Society of
Sciences can therefore frame no better wish, than that the Royal Society may
for many more centuries continue to promote knowledge and consequently
human happiness in the same admirable way as heretofore. For the Presi-
dent and Council of the Dutch Society of Sciences,

Haarlem, July 12th, 1912, LOTSY, perpetual Secretary.

58 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

BaTaviaAN Soctery oF EXPERIMENTAL PHILOSOPHY,
RorrerDAM

Reeart Socreratr SocreraAs PuimosopH1AE ExprermMeEntawis Batava, anno
MDCCLIX a Steven Hoogendijk Roterodami instituta, Salutem.—Ducenti
quinquaginta fere anni sunt ex quo Carolus Secundus Rex, ut artes atque
scientias, praesertim philosophica studia, quae solidis experimentis conantur
aut novam extundere philosophiam aut expolire veterem, promoveret, Socie-
tatem instituit consistentem de Praesidente Concilio et Sodalibus, quae
vocabatur et nuncupabatur Regalis Societas. Sodalium eius magna multitudo
iam dudum immortali doctrinae et ingenii acuminis gloria in omnibus orbis
terrarum partibus floret per ea opera quae magnam partem in libris Philo-
sophical Transactions, qui dicuntur, servantur. Neque minus qui in eorum
locum successerunt optimis artibus maximaque eruditione studia philosophica
colere et famam Regalis Societatis tueri pergunt. Optimo igitur iure Socie-
tatem vestram fundatam celebratis. Societas nostra, quae isdem studiis
operam dat, vobis successum ex imo pectore gratulatur et ut in posterum
quoque Societati vestrae non modo eadem gloria frui sed etiam magis
magisque crescere detur optat et orat. Quanto studio vobiscum concele-
braremus natalem Societatis ut significaremus, hoc documentum, signatum
sigillo nostro cum voce, * Certos feret experientia fructus,’ conficiendum et vobis
mittendum curavimus.

Datum Roterodami, die XIV mensis Iulti MCMXII,
Nomine Societatis philosophiae experimentalis Batavae :

S. BIRNIE, Praeses.
R. H. VAN DORSTEN, 42 actis.

NORWAY

Royat UNIversiry or Norway, CHRISTIANIA

Tue Roya Universrry or Norway to tHe Roya Society or Lonpon.
Greeting. A quarter of a millennium has elapsed since the foundation of the
Royal Society. Since the days of Boyle and Newton, the Royal Society has
enrolled on its list of members the names of almost all the eminent scientists
of Great Britain, and among these are recorded the illustrious names of
founders of all branches of modern science. Always alive to the vast
importance of science to the various spheres of mental life throughout the
world, the Royal Society has, in all likelihood, contributed more towards
the development and advancement of mankind than any other scientific
association, As a natural consequence of this leading position among

a ee

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 59

scientific institutions, the Royal Society has suggested the foundation of
‘the International Association of Academies’, and has thus enhanced the
prospect of establishing solidarity within the domains of scientific research
throughout the universe. The innumerable momentous scientific results and
the fundamental ideas this illustrious Society has given to the world merit
the admiration and gratitude of all, especially of the scientific institutions of
all countries. The Royal University of Norway therefore begs to express its
gratitude for the weighty contributions your Society has yielded to the
common work of culture, and tenders heartiest greetings and congratulations
on the occasion of your 250th anniversary, coupled with best wishes for ever
increasing prosperity.
Christiania, July 4th, 1912.
BREDO MORGENSTIERNE, Rector.

CHR. AUG. ORLAND, Secretary.

ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, CHRISTIANIA

Socreratr Recatt Acapremra Screntiarum Curistianrensis §.—In natura
rerum pervestiganda per hosce ducentos quinquaginta annos Societas Regalis
fulget velut sol splendens, qui vi radiorum penetralia rerum occulta perfringit
atque modos illustrat multiplices variosque, quibus in mundo animato inani-
moque cum per orbem terrarum tum per spatium caeleste viget natura.
Magnum agmen virorum, qui in studiis eminuerunt quorumque nomina
praeclara cum Societate Regali conexa sunt, societates sororiae verecunde
grateque recordantur, quarum numero coniungi iuvenis nostra societas, quae
non minus ducentis annis post vestram instituta est, honorem sibi ducit et
magnopere gaudet, cum pie vobis salutem plurimam scribit optatque ut
Societas Regalis cursum suum tenere itaque honorem patriae augere univer-
soque generi humano prodesse pergat.

RUSSIA

IMPERIAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, ST. PETERSBURG

Ampuissimak Socretatis Recaris Lonpinensis Praxrstp1 Conciiio Sopatieus
Imreriatis Acapemia ScrenriaruM Perropocrrrana 8S. P. D.—Cum recitarentur
in concilio nostro literae vestrae humanissime nos invitantes, ut sollemni-
bus, quibus ducentesimum quinquagesimum Societatis vestrae diem natalem
celebraturi estis, per legatum nostrum adessemus, ultro subiit animos illius
temporis recordatio, quo Academia nostra, vixdum secundum aetatis annum
ingressa, per epistulam, ab ipso Isaaco Newton, immortalis viro memoriae, ad

60 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

concilium Societatis Londinensis relatam, tamquam soror sororem natu
maiorem adloquens, Societatem multis magnisque ingeniosae eruditionis
operibus iam tum nobilitatam rogabat, ut sibi faveret studiorumque suorum
primitias benivole acciperet. Eadem semper reverentia Academia Petro-
politana acerrimam fecundissimamque Societatis vestrae industriam prosecuta
est, eadem nunc observantia ei gratulatur ducentos quinquaginta annos ita ab
ea peractos, ut priorum temporum gloriam novarum laudum cumulaverit
splendore atque etiam ad recentissimos naturae rerum cognitionis progressus
quam plurimum se contulisse iure gloriari possit. Quorum meritorum magni-
tudinem vehementer admirantes et praeteritis praesentibusque futura
augurantes, enixe exoptamus ut Societas Regalis Londinensis per infinitam
saeculorum seriem vigens ac florens sincerae veri inquisitionis lumen et
columen permaneat.

Datwm Petropoli, die XVI mensis Mai anni MDCCCCXII Iuliani.

Pro Academiae Praeside, PETRUS NIKITIN.
Secretarius perpetuus, SERGIUS DE OLDENBURG,

UNIVERSITY oF Moscow

Q. B. F. F. F. Q. S. Verusrissrma Russtcarnum Universiras CAESAREA
Mosquensis VerustissIMAE Brirannicarum Socreratr Recatr LonprNenst
S. D. P.—Magna sunt per annos ducentos quinquaginta Societatis Vestrae
amplissimae in litteras merita, cuius sodales fuerunt viri clarissimi et doctis-
simi, qui et mathematicas artes et de rerum natura doctrinam studiis suis
scriptisque valde adiuverunt. Nam commentarii vestri cum alii, tum ii qui
Philosophical Transactions inscribuntur, thesaurus est omnis doctrinae, quae
per multos annos collecta per multos annos posteris usui futura est. Quo
factum est ut in Societatem Vestram recipi ab omnibus viris doctis pro
maximo honore haberetur. Qui honor quod nostris quoque nonnullis pro-
- fessoribus delatus, non minus id nobis gratum est, quam quod in numero
sociorum honorariorum Universitatis nostrae aliquot viros doctissimos Britannos
habemus, qui iidem Societatis Vestrae sodales sunt. Sed quoniam Societas
Vestra cum ceterarum gentium doctissimos homines sibi asciscit, tum maxime
Britannos, Universitas nostra, cum illi gratulatur, Britannorum vim ingenii
praedicat, cui omne genus humanum tam multa inventa tantosque in omnium
rerum magnarum scientia progressus gratissimo animo debet. Vivat crescat
floreat Societas Regalis Londinensis per innumerabilem seriem annorum.,

Mosquae, D. XII Iuniti A. MCMXII,
Rector Universitatis Mosquensis: MATTHAEUS LUBAWSKY.

8 EE ——eEe—EeEeEEE—

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 61

UNIVERSITY OF ODESSA

Recaur Socreratt Lonprnienst. Universiras Caxrsarea Novorossica
maxima admiratione permota Clarissimorum de litteris artibusque optime
meritorum Virorum, quorum memoriam Societas Regalis Londiniensis nunc
annum ducentesimum quinquagesimum agens celebrat, gratissimo animo
Doctissimos Illustrissimos Sodales salutat et optat cupitque, ut iis eadem via
gloriosissima pergere et litteris prosperrima fortuna colendis totum genus
humanum semper maximis beneficiis afficere liceat.

Odessa, 28 Tunii 1912.
Rector: SERGIUS LEVASOFF.

UnIversiry oF Warsaw

Incurrar Socreratis Recauis Lonprvensts Pragrsrpr, Concitio, Sopatisus
Universiratis CarsAREAE VARSAVIENSIS Rector Er Senatus 8. P. D.—Quod
ducentesimum quinquagesimum natalem illustrissimae Societatis Vestrae
sollemniter celebraturi huius laetitiae nos quoque participes esse voluistis,
pergratum nobis est. Summa enim reverentia atque admiratione immortalis
gloriae virorum doctorum recordamur, qui per hos CCL annos inter sodales
Vestros recepti vel scientiarum doctrinarumque experimentalium nova eaque
firmiora fundamenta posuerunt, vel in iis promovendis usque ad nostram
aetatem maxima diligentia optimoque eventu elaborarunt. Quis est porro
quin sciat, Societatem Vestram, certis sapienterque inventis legibus et
praeceptis fultam, omnibus scientiae naturalis partibus excolendis strenue
sagaciterque studuisse atque, quotiescunque rerum naturae investigationis
utilitas postulaverit, pro virili parte operam praebuisse, ut optimo iure
Britanniae decus haberi interque clarissima totius orbis instituta, bonarum
artium studia spectantia, numerari possit. Quae omnia reputantes atque in
ipsis fundamentis et principiis, quibus labores et studia illustrissimae Societatis
Vestrae nituntur, pignus quoddam perpetui naturae cognitionis processus
incrementique perspicientes, CCL annos feliciter peractos Ei congratulamur
piisque animis exoptamus, ut insequentibus quoque saeculis eodem quo adhuc
successu pro communi generis humani gloria atque utilitate laborare pergat.
Valete, Viri doctissimi, nosque Vobis commendatos habete.

Datum Varsaviae, a. d. IV. Kalendas Iunias a. MDCCCCXI,
Senatus Academici nomine :
I, TREPICIN, h. t. Rector Universitatis.
S. VECHOV, h. ¢. Decanus ordinis historicorum et philologorum.

P, MITROPHANOY, h. t. Decanus ordinis physicorum et
mathematicorum.

TH. SIGEL, h. t. Decanus ordinis iurisconsultorum.
A. KOLOSOV, h. ¢. Decanus ordinis medicorum.

62 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

IMPERIAL Society oF NaturRAuists, Moscow

Socreratr Recast (Londiniensi) Socreras Carsarga Naturar Currosorum
Mosauensis S. D. P.—Omnium quae sunt in Rossia Physicorum societates
antiquissima Caesarea Societas Naturae Studiosorum, a. MDCCCV condita,
Societati Regali lustrum quinquagesimum celebranti pio lubentique gratulatur
animo, gratissima recolens memoria quantum Societas Ilustrissima hoc longo
spatio ad disciplinas physicas propagandas tribuerit, quantamque ob ingentia
erga universum genus humanum merita auctoritatem apud omnes ubicumque
sunt viros doctos, scientiarum quae dicuntur exactarum cultores, optimo iure:
habeat. Quis enim est qui nesciat, quam saepe Societas Vestra virorum
doctorum agmina in diversas ingentis Imperii Britannici partes sua impensa
legaverit, quibus ex legationibus praecipue eminet illa quae Challengeri ducis
nomen prae se fert, vel illa altera quae solis discum Veneris sidere occultatum
observavit ? Summa omnino liberalitate sodales sociosque suos Societas Regalis
adsiduo adiuvabat, ita ut omnes denique oceanos omnesque orbis terrarum
partes fructiferis laboribus suis amplexa sit, cui rei Philosophical Transactions
illae, quae inde ab anno MDCLXIV eduntur, nec non Proceedings, qui iam
amplius centum annos florent, luculentissimo documento plane sunt. Crescat
ergo Illustrissima Societas, permaneat in iis rationibus, quas Oxonienses illi
Societatis Creatores secuti sunt postque hos egregii Sodales pio animo coluere
coluntque, quorum quod multi clarissimi viri nostrae Societatis Socii Honorarii
sunt, summo est nobis gaudio.

Praeses: Pro, emer. N. UMOW.
Vice-Praeses: Pror. emer. A. SABANEJEFF.
Secretarti: Pror. orp. Dr. E. LEYST,

V. DEINEGA.
Dedimus Mosquae, die XVI mensis Iulit, a. MCM-XII.

FINLAND

UnIversity oF FINLAND, HELSINGFORS

Socieratis Recaris pro Scientia Naruratt PROMOVENDA Praestp1 ConsItio
rt Sopatisus Recror er Senatus Impertaris Universiratis ALEXANDREAE
Fixianpensis Salutem.—In Regali Societate Vestra hodie ducentos quinqua-
ginta annos celebratura e longe diversis excultorum populorum civitatibus
permulti confluunt ab academiis, Universitatibus, doctrinae institutis legati,
ut illi verecunde gratulantes tam decoram memoriam rite revocent et cum
Sodalibus Vestrae Societatis laetentur, quod ea ipsa usque per saecula magnam

—————— =i << = - —_—

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 63

vim suam servavit et auxit. Ac felici quidem tempore instituta est Societas
Regalis, quo tempore cognitio naturae experimentis niti et valere et latius
manare coepit, quo primo est intellectum quantum illa ratione adhibita res
naturae obscurae et absconditae erui possint, quo innumerae his in rebus
quaestiones quasi proruperunt, quo propter methodorum et operum novitatem
in immensis camporum nondum cultorum spatiis omnis conatus magnos attulit
scientiae fructus et novas cognoscendi vias invenit. Multa et praeclara in
Regalis Societatis Annalibus servantur nomina et ex initiis illis et ex tanto
praeteriti iam temporis tenore, et quidquid magni in scientiis naturae per has
aetates profectum est, id fere omne variis modis cum operibus sive ipsius
Societatis sive Sodalibus eius reperietur coniunctum. Clarissimum autem
inter nomina illa tamquam sidus Isaaci Newton fulget, qui quidem immortalem
adeptus honorem reperta universali corporum caelestium attractione non
solum ex una repetivit lege eorum corporum motus, quae velut summa
suoque genere absoluta in ceteris frustra scientiis expetita est, sed etiam
fundamenta posuit cogitandi rationi ad logices artem aptius accommodandae
et omnino ei intellegendi mori, qui recentiore humanitatis cultu continetur.
Regali Societate constituta magis magisque et consociati sunt inter se in
omni scientiarum genefe viri docti et quae effecerunt latius fusa sunt et
dispersa semina posteritati profutura. Atque etiam si Britannos maxime
scientiae deditos voluit in unum cogere, in omni tamen orbe terrarum ei haud
modice debentur vires unitae. Ceteris enim gentibus haec Vestra Societas
luce clarius propositum est exemplum, quod ut imitarentur monitae quamvis
longo, ut par fuit, intervallo secutae sunt. Earum igitur rerum, quas multas
a Vestra Societate impulsi in scientiis viri docti gesserunt, memor eademque
ad Vos benigne invitata, gratias Vobis agit sinceras Imperialis Universitas
Alexandrea Finlandensis et Regalem Societatem hac insigni die optimis
omnibus venerabunde prosequitur. Ex decreto Senatus Universitatis Helsing-
forsiensis.
ANDERS DONNER, Rector Magnificus.

TOR CARPELAN, Secretarius.

FrynisH Soctety oF Sciences, HELSINGrors

To rue Royat Socrery.—On the occasion of the 250th anniversary of the

- Royal Society the Socreras Screntrarum Fennica begs to present its sincere

congratulations and to express its admiration and profound esteem. The
Royal Society was already one of the chief centres of science before the time
when the great author of Principia Mathematica became its president. Vast
indeed has been the growth of the knowledge which it has witnessed and,
through its own work, promoted during these two and a half centuries, from
a time when the Mosaic cosmogony held universal sway and the alchemist

64 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

was still striving after the philosopher’s stone down to the days of Darwinism,
radioactivity, and the application of science in all departments of human life.
It has seen the birth of many academies, from the antipodes almost to the
polar circle, but ever maintains in their midst its position of leadership. Its
publications, beginning with the Proceedings and Philosophical Transactions,
and ending with the new International Catalogue of Scientific Literature, still
carry out to the full its object: ‘to improve Natural Knowledge.’ To the
many brilliant names which have illuminated its annals, and still do so, new
ones will be added in the future; and each time a fresh star flashes into being
in this bright constellation—one of the greatest in the firmament of science—
that admiration will steadily increase which the scientists of the whole world
feel towards your Society. We have the firm conviction that it will, during
a limitless future, continue its truly royal work. On behalf of the Societas
Scientiarum Fennica.

KNUT TALLQVIST, President.
ANDERS DONNER, Secretary.

SWEDEN

UnIvERSITY OF LuND

Socreratr Recart pro Screntia NATURALI PROMOVENDA.—Societati Vestrae,
natalem celebraturae CCL annorum, ob egregia in scientiis merita grata
memorique admiratione imbuta gratulatur Universitas Carolina Lundensis.
Ut in saeculis iam peractis socii Vestri egregii, quales fuerunt Isaacus Newton
et Carolus Darwin, summa ingenii sagacitate excellentes naturam rerum ~
indagarunt, haud secus in futura quoque saecula confidenter optamus ut Vestri
recipiantur sodales, qui novis ingenii inventis condiciones sublevaturi humanas,
nova gloria patriam Vestram inclutam sint affecturi Societatemque Regalem
celeberrimam.

Datum Lundae, d. XIV m. Iunit a. MCM_XITI,

AXEL KOCK, Rector.

UnIveRsity oF STOCKHOLM

To tHe Royat Sociery or Lonpon.—With the deepest feelings of venera-
tion and thankfulness the Universrry or Srocknorm takes part in the
solemn commemorating of the foundation, a quarter of a millennium ago,
of the Royal Society of London. The long and glorious history of this
distinguished Society is the history of a great number of the most prominent
pathfinders and heroes of science. It is also with the fullest appreciation
of the great and important influence exerted by the Royal Society upon

Ss

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 65

the development of human knowledge that we beg on this occasion to submit

our most respectful and hearty congratulations to the first scientific institution

in the land of Newton and Darwin.
Stockholm, July, 1912. Srocxuotms Hoeskota through

GERARD DE GEER, Prorector.

University or Upsata

Q. B. F. F.Q.S. Universrras Reera Upsatrensis Socreratt REGAti
Lonpintensi Salutem plurimam dicit.—Vobis perhumaniter invitantibus, ut
diem illum fortunatum: vobiscum celebraremus, quo abhinc CCL annos_
Societas vestra illustrissima rescripto regio constituta est, non mediocri cum
gaudio obsecuti e nostro numero legavimus sodalem, qui in coetu vestro
ornatissimo grates, gratulationes, vota Universitatis Upsaliensis perferret.
Nam quod Societas vestra illustrissima magnum sane ac praeclarum sibi
proposuit, ut scientiam promoveret, id Universitates quoque pariter omnes
spectant et sequuntur, quamquam illis quidem tot tamque diversa sunt
munera sustinenda, ut haud semper tantum quantum optandum est in
scientia novis inventis augenda atque amplificanda elaborare valeant. Nihilo
tamen minus operae Universitatum atque industriae plurimi in optima quaque
arte excolenda debentur progressus ; cuius rei Universitas nostra iusta fiducia
memor eo vobis libentius ac sincerius ex animi sententia congratulatur, quod
Societas vestra illustrissima tam egregie de omni humanitatis artiumque
liberalium cultura promerita est quodque tot tantosque viros, in suo quemque
genere praestantissimos, sodalium in numero habuit. Accedit, quo magis
etiam vobiscum gaudeamus, suavis memoria recordantium, praesidem ipsum
illustrissimum Societatis vestrae a nobis olim doctorem honorarium creatum
esse, unde maior etiam spes nobis certiorque fides suggeritur, amicitiam illam,
quasi dato pignore, permansuram; quae ut in posterum magis magisque
firmetur et corroboretur, valde nobis cordi erit. Magna spe tenemur, vos
in posterum quoque eadem, qua antea, ac maiore etiam fortuna usos multa
alia sollemnia saecularia cumulata gloria acturos. Valete nobisque favete.

Dabamus Upsaliae, mense Maio MCM XII.
Nomine Universitatis Upsaliensis :
HENRIK SCHUCK.

Royat SwepisH AcADEMY OF SCIENCES, STOCKHOLM

To tHe Roya Socrery or Lonpox.—It is with great and sincere pleasure
that the Royat Swepisn Acapemy or Sciences has received an invitation from
your world-renowned Society to take part in the commemoration festival of
the 250th anniversary of the Society’s foundation, to be held in London on

F

66 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

the 16th of July and the two following days; and the Swedish Academy has
thought fit to let itself be represented on this great occasion by its Vice-
President. Your venerable Society, which in the course of time has united
with itself the greatest scientific names in the history of the world, can with
legitimate pride look back upon a magnificent work in the service of science
and for the benefit of mankind. The Royal Swedish Academy therefore feels
impelled to convey their warmest felicitations, and at the same time to express
the conviction that your renowned Society will continue henceforth, as in the
past, to carry the standard of science high.

Stockholm, 20th June, 1912.
For the Royal Swedish Academy of Science :

H. G. SODERBAUM, President.
HJALMAR THEEL, v. Secretary.

SWITZERLAND

UNIVERSITY OF BERNE

Unrverstratis.LirreraruM BerNensis Recror er Senatus Socreratis REGIAE
Lonpiniensis Praxrsipt Conciio Sopauisus 8. D. P.—Postquam Societas
Regia illustrissima abhinc annos CCL Regis Caroli Secundi regio rescripto
constituta inter tot societates academias universitates vetustissimas et illus-
trissimas nostram quoque Almam Matrem in partem diei natalis ducentesimi
quinquagesimi celebrandi vocavit, libenti gratoque animo collegam nostrum
Turornitum Sruper, Medicinae et Philosophiae doctorem, Zoologiae et
Anatomiae comparatae professorem publicum ordinarium, allegavimus, qui
vobis gratias ageret quam maximas gratulationisque nostrae interpres esset
disertissimus. Nostro igitur nomine gratuletur vobis ex animi sententia,
quod Societatis vestrae sodales inde a primis annis superstitione vulgari
impugnata mentis ingenii oculorum testimonio invocato praeter ceteros illorum
temporum viros doctos victoriam triumphumque communis qui dicitur sensus
effecerunt atque caligine, quae hominum ingeniis offusa erat, discussa totius
generis humani cultui atque saluti fortiter et strenue inserviverunt. Non
est quod singula omnium sodalium Societatis vestrae merita enumeremus,
qui inde ab Isaac Newton usque ad Carolum Darwin in sua quisque scientiae
naturalis disciplina principes fuerunt, sed nostro nobis iure liceat his diebus
festis civis nostri primarii Albrechti de Haller theatri anatomici Gottingensis
praesidis et rectoris, urbis Bernensis luminis et principis, memoriam renovare,
qui anno MDCCXLIII a Georgio II Rege Britanniae, cuius tum medicus
aulicus erat, ordini vestro adscriptus vita doctrina scriptis illo honore dignis-
simum se praebuit. Et quum his proximis annis Hugonem Kronecker, qui
nunc institute physiologico Bernensi, quod Hallerianum vocatur, cum

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 67

diligentia et doctrina praeest, dignum iudicaveritis qui sodalis vester extraneus
sit, itaque Alma Mater Bernensis a longissimis temporibus artiore quodam
vinculo cum Societate Regia Londiniensi sit coniuncta, hodie pia vota nostra
cum vestris coniungimus, ut vivat crescat floreat Societas Regia in aeterna
tempora, Valete nobisque favete.

Dabamus Bernae, mense Iulio anno MCM XII.
Litterarum Universitatis Bernensis h. t. Rector Magnificus :
CAROLUS MARTI,

Theologiae Doctor, Theologiae Linguarum Littera-
rumque Semiticarum prof. publ. ord.

UNIVERSITY OF GENEVA

L’Universiré pr GEenkve A Tue Royat Socrery or Lonpon ror Promotine
Natura Knowrrepcr.—Le Recteur et le Sénat de l'Université de Genéve
envoient leurs salutations au Président et aux membres de la Royal Society of
London et leur expriment leurs plus vives félicitations 4 l'occasion du glorieux
anniversaire célébré les 16, 17 et 18 Juillet. Nombreux sont les rapports qui
se sont établis depuis l’époque de la Réformation entre les hommes de science
de la Grande Bretagne et de la Cité genevoise. Dans une adresse remarquable,
précieuse entre beaucoup, envoyée en 1909 a l'Université de Genéve, a occasion
du jubilé commémoratif de sa fondation, votre Président rappelait les noms
de nos maitres qui ont figuré sur la liste d"honneur de la Royal Society. Les
solennités du 250° anniversaire de la fondation de votre Société nous rappellent
deux noms de savants anglais qui nous sont chers: celui de Robert Boyle,
dont les grandes découvertes sont précisément de I’époque ot votre illustre
Compagnie s’est constituée, et qui, peu de temps auparavant, passait comme
jeune étudiant deux années 4 Genéve ; celui de Sir Humphry Davy qui, aprés
avoir séjourné plus d’une fois dans notre ville, y décédait en 1829 et auquel
notre petite République, toujours jalouse des prérogatives de la haute culture,
fit des funérailles officielles, Ce souvenir s'est perpétué chez nous sous la
forme d’un prix universitaire qui porte le nom de Davy: récemment encore, la
vie de ce savant illustre était donnée en exemple 4 nos étudiants dans une de nos
fétes académiques. I] nous a paru utile d’évoquer ainsi le passé pour mieux
exprimer le caractére des liens qui unissent notre Université 4 votre savante
Confrérie. Que la Royal Society continue a briller au premier rang des
sociétés scientifiques! C'est le voeu trés sincére que forment le Recteur et le
Sénat de l'Université de Genéve.

Geneve, Juillet 1912. Le Rectéur.
’

Dr. A. MAYOR,
F 2

68 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

University oF LAausaANNE

L’Université pe Lausanne A 1a SoctérE ROYALE BRITANNIQUE.—Monsieur
le Président et Messieurs,—Les circonstances ne nous ont pas permis de
répondre 4 votre appel-et de vous envoyer un délégué. Mais nous tenons
& vous dire qu’en ces jours de féte nous prenons part & votre joie et que, en
vous présentant nos félicitations pour votre glorieux passé, nous faisons des voeux
pour votre avenir. Créée par le libre effort de quelques hommes avides de
pénétrer les secrets de la Science, la Société Royale a recu, voici deux cent
cinquante ans, sa premiére charte du roi d’Angleterre Charles II. Tot apres,
elle attirait, par ses lettres et ses publications, attention de tous les savants et
philosophes du continent. Elle n’a, dans la suite, plus cessé de croitre:
réunissant des matériaux scientifiques, enrichissant sans relache son admirable
bibliothéque, donnant le désir et le pouvoir de vivre 4 d’autres sociétés, ses
sceurs cadettes du Royaume Uni, groupant, 4 chaque génération, des
hommes toujours nouveaux, chercheurs modestes ou initiateurs illustres, qui
prirent:part 4 ses travaux ou, tel le grand Newton, présidérent ses séances.
Aujourd’hui la Société Royale est plus puissante, plus active que jamais ; elle
rend des services 4 ’humanité entiére ; il n’est personne, dans le monde de la
culture, qui ne connaisse et respecte son nom. Nous nous joignons A ceux qui
Yadmirent et, avec tant d’autres, nous’ Tui exprimons notre reconnaissance.

Lausanne, le 8 juillet 1912.
Au nom de [ Université :

Le Recteur,
E. ROSSITER.

Hetvetic Society or Natural ScreNcEs, GENEVA

La Socréré Hetvérique pes Sciences Natureties A Tue Royat Society or
Lonpon For Promotinc Naturat Knowteper.—La Société Helvétique des
Sciences Naturelles a tenu a honneur de s’associer au juste tribut d’hommages
qui seront rendus par les savants du monde entier 4 la Royal Society,
aToccasion du 250° anniversaire de sa fondation. Elle lui apporte ses voeux et
souhaits les plus sincéres pour l'avenir en méme temps que l’expression de sa
vive admiration pour le passé. La Royal Society a droit 4 la profonde
reconnaissance de tous en raison des services incomparables rendus a la science
et 4 Phumanité par les hommes illustres qu’elle a comptés au nombre de ses
membres. Leur ceuvre admirable embrasse toutes les branches du savoir
humain et a rayonné au loin comme un phare étincelant au milieu de ’Océan
des Sciences. Les naturalistes suisses saisissent cette occasion pour rappeler
le réle considérable joué par la science anglaise dans l'étude de la grande

a

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 69

nature alpestre, rdle symbolisé récemment par l’érection du monument. élevé
dans le site grandiose de Belalp 4 la mémoire de Villustre Tyndall et placé
sous l’égide de la Société Helvétique des Sciences naturelles et. du Club alpin
suisse. Honneur soit aux savants dont les travaux portent actuellement au
loin la renommée de la Science anglaise! Honneur soit 4 la Royal Society
qui n’a cessé de représenter avec éclat la haute culture scientifique dans ce
quelle a de plus profond et de plus brillant.

Genéve, Juillet 1912.
Pour le Comité Central de la Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles :

Le Président, Le Vice-Président, Le Secrétaire,
ED. SARASIN. R. CHODAT. PH. A. GUYE.

FrEeperRAL TrecunicaL Hicu ScHoou, Zuricu

.

A ta Société RoyaLe DE Lonpres, A 1’0CCASION DE SON DEUX CENT CINQUAN-
TIEME ANNIVERSAIRE, VEcote PoryrecuNnique FépeRaLe APPorTE ses FELICITA-
TIONS ET SEs HOMMAGES,—Cet anniversaire attire les regards du monde savant
tout entier vers votre Société, si vénérable par son glorieux passé, si jeune par
son inlassable activité. Vos fondateurs ont été bien inspirés, et doués en
quelque sorte d’une vue prophétique, quand ils assignérent comme but 4 votre
Société lexploration expérimentale de la Nature. Les deux cent cinquante
ans écoulés depuis lors furent d’une fécondité incomparablement plus grande
que les siécles qui les ont précédés. Des relations nouvelles ont été découvertes,
la chaleur et la mécanique, optique et l’électricité se sont réunies dans des
sciences plus larges et le philosophe, de plus en plus, entre en possession d’une
vue d’ensemble des phénoménes naturels. Mais plus apparentes encore sont
les transformations opérées dans les conditions de la vie matérielle. Par une
série de brillantes découvertes homme a décuplé ses moyens d’action, sa
richesse ; la durée de la vie elle-méme a été prolongée. Dans cette ceuvre,
Messieurs, votre part a été grande. Lhistoire de la Société Royale est
Yhistoire dune notable fraction de la pensée humaine. Vos annales sont
pleines de noms glorieux, que nous ne pouvons tous énumérer. Quelques-uns,
trés grands, sont dans toutes les mémoires et appartiennent 4 tous: Newton,
Faraday, Darwin, Maxwell, Joule, Kelvin. D’autres, présents parmi vous et
trés grands aussi, continuent la lignée de ces illustres devanciers. La Suisse
que rapproche de votre pays la parenté des institutions et un égal amour de la
liberté a, elle aussi, compris de bonne heure ce que peut la Science pour la
culture des esprits et la grandeur des nations. Pénétrée des pensées qui
animent votre Société, elle doit 4 esprit expérimental le développement de
son industrie et son rdle initiateur dans les ceuvres d’éducation. Les fétes

70 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

auxquelles vous nous avez conviés proclament bien haut la vertu efficace d'une
idée qui fut la vétre et qui nous est chere. Elles prouvent au monde entier
qu'une institution, pour prospérer, pour devenir non seulement grande par la
Science, mais aussi puissante par son action et bienfaisante par son rayonne-
ment, doit rester en communion intime avec la masse de ’humanité qu'elle
éclaire et qu’elle guide dans sa marche vers de lointaines destinées. La Suisse
s’associe avec une émotion profonde a des fétes qui sont celles de la Science
tout entidre et aux voeux que l’humanité pensante forme pour la Société Royale.

Zurich, Juillet 1912. é
Au nom de ? Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale :

Le Président du Conseil, Le Recteur,
Dr. R. GNEHM. THEODOR VETTER.
JAPAN

ImprertAL Universiry, Tokyo

ApprEss oF CoNGRATULATION FROM THE Impertat Universrry or Toxyo to
tHE Roya Sociery or Lonpox.—(T'ranslation.) The Imperial University of
Tokyo is much honoured in being invited by the Royal Society of London to
participate in the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of
its foundation, and is delighted to join with other Universities and Learned
Societies in tendering most hearty congratulations on this memorable occasion.
So marvellous has been the progress of Science during the last two and a half
centuries, and so illustrious the history of the Royal Society, its foremost
promoter, that we cannot, in this short address, refer in adequate terms to
any of the individual work of its Fellows, however important that work may
be. We can but gratefully recall the fact that the two fundamental laws of
Nature—the law of universal attraction and the law of evolution—were both
brought to light by the Fellows of the Royal Society, one of whom held the
office of President for the long period of twenty-four years and is, probably,
the greatest man of science the world has ever produced. We would rather
signalize the profound influence which the Royal Society has had upon man’s
thought. By steadfastly pursuing the great and noble object with which it
was founded, the Royal Society has not only enlarged the bounds of man’s
knowledge and increased his power and happiness to an extent almost beyond
words, but has also, especially during the last half-century, broken down
inherited prejudices and traditional opinions, established freer and more
direct methods of reasoning, and altogether raised the standard and widened
the sphere of man’s thought. And, immense as are the material benefits
which Science has conferred upon mankind, this greater intellectual freedom

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 71

and this wider range of thought, which have chiefly followed from the work
of the Royal Society, are certainly not of less price. Moreover, when we
remember that the bringing in of this liberal mental attitude has been of
immense service in remodelling the civilization of Japan within the last fifty
years, we feel that no words can adequately express our deep sense of
gratitude. If, on this occasion of world-wide significance, we are allowed to
refer to another matter, which still more directly concerns the Imperial
University of Tokyo, we would gratefully record the valuable assistance
rendered to us in past days by several, who have since become Fellows of the
Royal Society, in fostering the spirit of scientific investigation in this country.
We must not omit to express our grateful thanks also for the active part
taken by the Royal Society in initiating and organizing the International
Catalogue of Scientific Literature and the International Association of
Academies. Such international organizations are not only of great impor-
tance for the primary objects with which they have been established, but will
also be a powerful means of promoting the brotherhood of mankind. In
conclusion, the Imperial University of Tokyo tenders its most hearty good
wishes for the prosperity of the Royal Society and hopes that in the future, as
in the past, it may lead the world in ‘The Promotion of Natural Knowledge’.
On behalf of the Imperial University of Tokyo.

BARON ARATA HAMAO, President.
The fifteenth of June, one thousand nine hundred and twelve.

ImpertAL University, Kyoro

To rue Royat Socrery or Lonpon ror Improvinc Natura Know ener,
Greetines From THE ImperiaL Universtry or Kyoro.—The progress of the
world is due to the development of Science and art. Especially has the advance-
ment of the physical sciences been a predominant factor in producing the
increased welfare of humanity. The philosophy, the literature, and the Arts
of every age are the flowers of its endeavour; but it is always the advance-
ment of the physical sciences that increases our knowledge of nature and
points the way to its exploitation, thus substantially promoting the well-
being of mankind. Great Britain has produced many scholars remarkable in
different spheres of human learning; but those who are distinguished in the
physical sciences are especially numerous. This is due in part to the
innate character of the English people who particularly love positive and
practical knowledge; yet more especially is it due to those varied means for
promoting and encouraging scientific research in which Great Britain abounds.
The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge was estab-
lished with the approval of Charles II, and incorporated in sixteen hundred

72 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

and sixty-two. It is the oldest scientific association in Great Britain, and
one of the oldest in the world. Among its fellows are included those of the
greatest scientific eminence in Great Britain; and by their indefatigable
activity in the realm of natural science and by their keen counsel, the Society
has wonderfully fulfilled its purpose. The institution, by the Society, of the
annual grants for the promotion of scientific research, and of awards of
various medals to those making important discoveries, has been of great
service to the progress of knowledge in physical sciences. The publications of
the Society are among the most useful agencies for encouraging and dis-
seminating scientific information throughout the world; and by them Japan
has been greatly benefited. The Imperial University of Kyoto appreciates
highly the Society’s cordial invitation to participate in the celebration of its
two hundred and fiftieth anniversary, and herewith commissions her repre-
sentative to attend the ceremony, paying honour to the Society’s glorious past
and praying for its still more glorious future.

July 16, 1912.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Ciark UNIVERSITY, WORCESTER

Prarsipr Er Socus Socreratis Reciar apup LonpineNsEs UNIvERsITAS
Crarx1ana Salutem !—Viri doctissimi, magno cum gaudio accepimus litteras
humanissimas, quibus nos ad celebrandum festum diem quo ante hos CCL
annos Societas vestra diplomate regis constituta est, invitastis ac libentes
merito nobis videmur vestrae laetitiae participes esse. Itaque legatum nostra-
rumque gratulationum interpretem creamus et ad vos mittimus virum
insignem, magistrum exploratoremque rerum naturae, ArrHurum GorDon
Wesster, Ph.D., Se.D., LL.D., physicorum professorem in Universitate
Clarkiana. Non ignoramus longissimam seriem inclutorum virorum qui
Societatem Regiam ornaverunt et ornant ; inter alios Newton, Davy, Faraday,
Young, Hooker, Huxley, Stokes, Kelvin, Lister, Rayleigh, Geikie. Neque
enim de sola patria Britannica, sed de genere humano Societas vestra propter
naturam explorandam merita est. Iure consanguineo gratulamur vobis,
quod, si liceat parvum magno conferre, haec Universitas nostra instar Socie-
tatis vestrae ad promovendam scientiam rerum experientia condita est.

Datum in urbe Vigornia apud Massachusettenses, die XXIV mensis Maii
MCMAII,

G, STANLEY HALL, Praeses.

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 73

CotumBia Universiry, NEw York

CurarorEs. Universtratis CotumpiaE IN Urse Novo Ezoraco Prazsipr
Concit1o Sopauisus Socreraris Recauis 8. P, D.—Perquam nobis acceptum
exoptatumque accidit quod nos eorum sollemnium testes participesque esse
voluistis quibus diem natalem Societatis vestrae per annos iam ducentos quin-
quaginta in scientia naturali promovenda florentis propediem celebraturi essetis.
Neque enim fieri poterat quin series illa mirabilis rerum inventarum per
quas toti generi humano non solum via et ratio naturam complectendi sed
etiam vitae condicio cotidianae tantum in melius mutata esset, nos quoque
penitus commoveret. Nam si primam memoriam ordinis vestri repetere libet.
et recordari quam longe aliter de specie et ratione naturae illo atque hoc
tempore vulgo senserint, difficile est eis satis digne gratias agere qui ingeniis
studiisque effecerunt ut hodie et qualia sint foedera naturae tanto subtilius
intellegamus et qualis necessitudo inter hominem ipsum et universam naturam
intercedat tanto liberius iudicemus. Longum est nee vero hoc loco necesse—
eminent enim omnibusque qui sapiunt in ore sunt—eos recensere paene innu-
merabiles qui vestrae Societatis sodales se in caecas veri latebras insinuave-
runt atque inde victores quid fieri posset, quid nequiret rettulerunt. Duo
autem, Carolus Lyell et Carolus Darwin, summo ingenio praestantes, nullius,
ut vobis moris est, addicti iurare in verba magistri, rerum cognoscere causas
tam feliciter potuerunt ut si quis reperta eorum praetermittere velit, nullo iam
modo neque de hoc orbe terrae neque de vi et natura animantium neque de
ipsa omnium hominum consortione quicquam recte cogitare queat. Hi et tot
alii ex ordine vestro illustrissimo vitam humanam per inventas artes excolue-
runt omnesque sui memores iure fecerunt merendo. Namque eos, ut ait
Lucretius divinus ille poeta,

usus et impigrae simul experientia mentis

paulatim docuit pedetemptim progredientis :
sic unum quicquid paulatim protrahit aetas
in medium ratioque in luminis erigit oras.

Itaque libenter vobis morigerantes, Nico.aum Murray Butter, Universitatis
nostrae praesidem, virum et multiplici ingenio praeditum et, ut verbis Evelyn
vestri utamur, omnia explorare meliora retinere solitum, ad vos legavimus per
quem velut praesentes et vobis partam gloriam gratularemur et ut peractis
paria essent futura saecula exoptaremus. Valete.

Dabamus Novi Eboraci, Idibus Iuniis anno Salutis MDCCCCXII.
GEORGE L. TIVES, Curatorum Magister.
JOHN B. PINE, A Secretis.

74 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

CorNELL University, Iruaca, N. Y.

Universitas Cornetiiana Socreratis Recauis Lonprnrensis Prarsrpr Con-
cizio SoparimusevE Salutem Plurimam Dicit.—Vobis, viri doctissimi, ex
animo gratulamur quod Societas vestra annos ducentos quinquaginta peregit
laboribus abundantes qui famam vestram gloriamque ad ultimas oras pertu-
lerint. Summa quidem voluptate cum ceteris universitatibus orbis totius
terrarum matris societatum omnium quae ad scientiam naturalem potissimum
spectant promovendam diem natalem reverentes concelebramus. Consilia
eorum qui die illo memorabili abhine tot annos fundamenta vestra iecerunt
vos summa cum laude exsecuti estis atque indagationis rationes veras legesque
inter omnes gentes splendidissime promovistis. Nos Americani vobiscum non
lingua solum communi sed etiam eisdem sententiis animisque coniunctissimi
quodam modo sentimus viros illustres illos innumerabiles qui annales vestros
nominibus illustraverint quosque vos incitatos coronaveritis nobis quoque
ipsis esse honori gloriaeque, Quod vos et illi tempore praeterito exemplum
tam insigne ceteris ad imitandum proposuistis nos quidem gratiam habemus
merito infinitam. Quod ad posteros pertinet speramus, quin etiam confidimus
Societatem vestram annis cedentibus saeculisque beneficia generi toti humano
benignius etiam atque copiosius esse diffusuram. Cuius Societatis in honorem
JouaNNeM Henricum Comstock entomologiae in Universitate nostra professo-
rem mittebamus qui illis diebus felicibus faustisque mensis Iulii proximi
nostro ipsorum nomine interesset gaudii vestri particeps votorum nostrorum
interpres atque voluntatis amicissimae.

J. G. SCHURMAN, Praeses.
D, VIII K, Apr. A.D. MDCCCCXH, Ithaca ex Civitate Noveboracensi.

Harvarp UNIvERsIry

Universitas Harvarprana Reciaxr Socrerati S. P. D.—Societati vestrae
vetustissimae, O viri clarissimi et illustrissimi, propter res in scientia promo-
venda gestas, propter sodales, propter nummos viris excellentibus donatos,
propter illas Transactiones Philosophicas laude summa atque gloria ornatae,
nostra Universitas his laetis diebus honore potius recepto quam conlato
gratulationes facit maximas. De expeditionibus vero terra marique susceptis,
de investigationibus, excogitationibus, inventionibusque ex quibus Sodales
Regiae Societatis gloriam immortalem consecuti sunt atque de omnibus rebus,
ne plura dicamus, quae hac Societate fovente naturalem scientiam auxerunt,
vobis gratulamur. Propter studium autem vestrum atque industriam in
rerum naturalium cognitione positam meritissimo ad tam altum dignitatis
gradum pervenistis ut beneficia quae omnes cupiunt, pauci adipiscuntur in

—————————————

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 75

praeclarissimos atque illustrissimos vobis conferre liceat. Nobis igitur eos
recordantibus huius Universitatis alumnos quos sodales peregrinos cooptavistis
—inter alios illum qui fluminum glacialium est fluxionem mensus et hunc
quem nullum sidus umquam fefellit—animum spiritumque adsumimus. Nec
de memoria excidere potest ille comes, genere Americanus, civitate Anglus,
domicilio diu Germanus, qui apud vos nummum memorialem suum instituit,
apud nos artem physicam profitendam pecuniis suis curavit. Quibus vinculis
vobiscum coniuncti gaudio laetitiaque, ita ut decet, hoc quidem tempore festo
complemur atque precamur ut qua laude per saecula peracta Regia Societas
ornata est eadem aut etiam maiore—si tantum sperare licet—per nova
saecula in perpetuum fruatur. Valete. |

Scribendo adfuit

A. L. LOWELL, Praeses.

Datum Cantabrigiae in Aula Universitatis, Kal. Iun. A.D. MDCCCCXIH,
Coll. Harv. CCLX XVI.

Jouns Hopkins UNIversity, BALTIMORE

Universitas Hopxtnstensts Socreratt Rec aut pro Scientia Naturati Promo-
venpa S. P. D.—Nomen Societatis Regalis et gloriam illorum qui inter Sodales
vestros scientiam promoverunt quis doctorum hominum animo non percepit et
memoria custodivit ? Qua de causa vos comprobamus et vehementer laudamus
quod, festo per triduum d. XVI-XVIII mensis Iulii agendo, illos sodales
celeberrimos singulari honore decoraturi estis, et voluptate afficimur non
mediocri quod nos participes esse voluistis. Ergo incluta Societas vestra quae
rescripto Caroli Secundi constituta iam natalem suum ducentesimum et quin-
quagesimum vidit nos absentes precamur ut semper novetur et augeatur.
Atque ut dies festos quos acturi estis eo quo par est honore prosequamur, ex
nostro ordine Academico GuiretMum Buttock Crarx delegimus professorem
illustrem virum Geologiae peritissimum qui praesens vobis gratulandi munus
obiret et vobiscum Sodalium vestrorum memoriam debita laetitia et religione
celebraret.

Dabamus Baltimorae, Kal. lun. MCM XII.
IRA REMSEN, Praeses.

UNIVERSITY oF MICHIGAN

Socreratis Recauis Prarsip1, Concirio Er SopAtinus PrarsEs Et SENATUS
Unsiversrratis Micnicanenstum S. P. D.—Pergratae nobis sunt litterae
vestrae, viri eruditissimi, in omni scientiarum genere praeclari, quibus nos
certiores facitis vos consilium iniisse natalem vestrae Societatis illustrissimae,
quinquagesimo lustro feliciter exacto, festis sollemnibus celebrandi, et nos

76 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

liberaliter invitatis ut legemus qui gaudiis vestris' caerimoniisque intersit.
Adlegavimus Gui1eLmum Herserr Hopss, professorem in nostra Universitate,
qui unus pro cunctis vestrae Societati gratuletur et vestris studiis in scientia
promovenda laetos in perpetuum successus exoptet.

HARRY B. HUTCHINS, Praeses.

ARTHUR G. HALL, Sec. Senutus.
Dabamus Annarbore, die ITT mensis Mati anno MCM XII,

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, PHILADELPHIA

Universiras Prnnsytvanrensis Socreratt Reciar §S. P. D.—Litteras
vestras quibus nos quoque ad natalem ducentensimum quinquagensimum
Societatis Regiae concelebrandum benevole invitastis haud cum parvo gaudio
accepimus. Vincula enim perlibenter agnoscimus quibus omnes academiae
inter se continentur, nec possumus oblivisci eum quem inter conditores nostrae
Universitatis iusto iure nominemus, Beniamin Franklin, Societatis Regiae
sodalem fuisse. Itaque, viri doctissimi, voluntati vestrae obsecuti, legato de
nostro numero electo imperavimus ut vobis festos dies merito agentibus
gratuletur et verbis nostris vobis fausta omnia precetur. Valete.

Datum Philadelphiae, mense Maio, anno Domini milensimo nongenten-
simo duodecimo.
EDGAR F. SMITH, Praefectus.

EDWARD ROBINS, Sigilli custos.

University or Princeron, New. JERSEY

Socreratt Recari Lonprntenst per tot annos feliciter exactos lumen scientiae
praetendenti, numen veritatis pie colenti, immo quasi soli sapientiae in caelo
refulgenti, gloriam dei in operibus manuum eius annuntianti, eo ut in fines
orbis terrae exierint mortalibus verba vestra, audita audienda oboedienda, nos
quoque qui, ut verbis Tullianis utamur, trahimur et ducimur ad cognitionis et
scientiae cupiditatem, in qua excellere pulchrum putamus, labi autem errare
nescire decipi et malum et turpe ducimus, sodalitati vestrae illustrissimae
lustrum quinquagesimum iam iam impleturae, per praesidem ordinis nostri
academici Iloannem Grier Hissen, qui has litteras vobis adferet praesens, fausta
felicia fortunata ore more amore exoptamus Praeses Curatores Professores
Universiratis PrincErontEnsis.

Dabamus Princetoniae in Aula Nassovica, Kal. Iun. MCMXII,
C. W. McALPIN, 4é actis.

at ee ——— ee ST

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 77

Unrversity oF WISCONSIN

To rue Royat Socrery or Lonpon,—Tue Universiry or Wisconsin sends
to the Royal Society of London its congratulations on the two hundred and
fiftieth Anniversary of its foundation, a memorable event in the history of the
oldest and most noted scientific society of the English-speaking people. Its
long roll of members contains the names of many men who have initiated
great movements in science, and includes others less distinguished by whose
wisdom and labour science has become enriched. By the lives and work of
these men the Royal Society has contributed in large measure to the great
intellectual heritage of England, and through that nation to the enlightenment
and freedom of the human race. The University of Wisconsin, while gratefully
recognizing with all the world of learning this unique service, has the con-
fident belief that the Royal Society during the centuries to come will continue

its illustrious history.
CHARLES R. VAN HISE, President.

AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES, Boston

Acapemia Artium ET ScrentraruM AMERICANA Prarsipt Conciiio Sopati-
BusquE Socreratis Recawis pro Screntra Naruratt Promovenpa.—Omnium
orbis terrarum societatum eruditarum quae lingua Anglica utuntur matri,
filia, ipsa aetatis non spernendae, Academia Artium et Scientiarum Americana,
hoc die natali eius ducentesimo quinquagesimo plurimam dicit salutem atque
alterum sperat totidem annorum saeculum non minorem gloriam ei quam |
primum attulerit, cum maiorem non possit, esse allaturum. Legatum ad vos,
viri doctissimi et clarissimi, mittit haec Academia scribam suum ab epistolis,
Epvinum Herserrum Hatt, Universitatis Harvardianae Philosophiae Naturalis
Professorem, qui ipse gratulationes Academiae ferat atque vobiscum Societatem
vestram fundatam concelebret. Valete.

Datum Bostoniae, die X XVI mensis Iunii MCM XII, in nomine Academiae

Americanae.
JOHN TROWBRIDGE, Praeses.

Connecticut ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND ARTS

Prarses er Soctt AcADEMIAE ScrenTiIARUM ET ArtTiuM CoNNECTICUTENSIS
Prarsmpr Concitio Sopauisus Socreratis Recaus §. P. D. — Iucundum
profecto et honorificum nobis accidit quod participes esse possumus laetitiae
vestrae et interesse sacris saecularibus quibus natalem vestrum celebrandum
constituistis, Animi igitur sensus qui nostro nomine coram testetur legatum

78 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

ad vos misimus Ernestum Guiietmum Brown vestrae Societatis nostraeque
Academiae sodalem et in Universitate Yalensi professorem, Valete nobisque
favete.

Dabamus Novo Portu in Re Publica Connecticutensi, Id. Apr. A.D.

MDCCCCXH, SIMEON E. BALDWIN, Praeses.

AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL Soctery, PHILADELPHIA

Socreras Pamosoruica Americana S. P. D. Socreratr Recrar.—Vobis, viri
illustrissimi, nos ex animo gratulari liceat, quod Societas vestra, non vetus
tantum et antiqua, sed summo etiam in honore per totum orbem terrarum
merito habita, natalem ducentensimum quinquagensimum optimis hoc anno
celebratura est auspiciis. Et est cur id libentiore etiam faciamus animo.
Namque omnes ubique societates, quae ad scientiam promovendam sunt
constitutae, communi artium et scientiarum studio sunt consociatae ; Societas
autem Regia cum principalem inter omnes tenet locum, tum artioribus cum
nostra vinculis est coniuncta, Conditor enim noster, Beniamin Franklin, ipse
Societatis Regiae sodalis, cum in Terra Nova sodalitatem instituere vellet, quae
scientiam utilem, ut ipsis illius verbis utamur, promoveret, usque ab initio
Societatem Regiam oculis proponebat ut exemplum dignissimum quod
imitaretur. Ubi vero anno millensimo septingentensimo quadragensimo tertio
ex sodalitate ab illo condita, cui Iunto nomen dedit, provenit Societas
Philosophica Americana, Societatis vestrae propositum atque rationem voluit
et imitari et, quoad tamen potuit, aemulari. Quae affinitatis vincula semper
artiora fiunt fiantque. Quibus de causis quasi fratres natu minores fratribus
nostris eisdem pro studiis trans Oceanum laborantibus gratulationes votaque
‘mittimus, et spem fovemus certissimam fore ut Societas Regia sempiterna
floreat gloria. Valete.

Datum Philadelphiae, ante diem quintum Kalendas Iulias, anno Domini

millensimo nongentensimo duodecimo.
WILLIAM W. KEEN, Praeses.
I. MINIS HAYS, 4b epistulis.

FRANKLIN INstiITUTE, PHILADELPHIA

To the President, Officers, and Fellows of Tur Royat Socrery or Lonpon
for the Promotion of Natural Knowledge.—Tur Franxuw Instirvre oF THE
Srare or Pennsytvania for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts extends to .
you cordial greetings and sincere congratulations on the happy occasion of the
two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the Incorporation of your Society.
Few charters looking to the progress and welfare of peoples have resulted in
greater benefits to civilization than that granted to the Royal Society by
King Charles II, and no similar society can boast such a long and unbroken

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 79

chain of illustrious*men whose labours have done so much to unravel the secrets
of nature and subdue her forces to the uses of man. The Franklin Institute
is glad to have this opportunity to acknowledge its deep indebtedness for the
inspiration and incentive continuously derived since its founding from the
Proceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society and from the many
distinguished men who have represented the Society in America.
Philadelphia, U. S. A., July 15, 1912.
COLEMAN SELLERS, Jr., Vice-President.
R. B. OWENS, Secretary.

CARNEGIE INsTITUTION, WASHINGTON

Tue Trusrers anp Tue Invesricarors or THE Carnecie INstrruTiIoN oF
Wasutnecron extend greeting and congratulations to the Royal Society of
London on the occasion of the celebration of its two hundred and fiftieth
Anniversary. With sentiments of admiration and gratitude for the encourage-
ment of investigation and for the contributions to knowledge which have
rendered the Royal Society of London illustrious in the annals of science,
we of the younger organization for the promotion of research tender this
tribute of appreciation to the officers and fellows of the older organization,
and wish for them and their successors a long-continued career in the
advancement of learning, understanding, and progress throughout the world.

ROBERT S. WOODWARD, President.

NationaL ACADEMY OF ScreNcEs, WASHINGTON

Tue NatronaL AcapEmy or Sciences sends its cordial greeting to the
Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge on the occasion
of the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of its
foundation. The National Academy of Sciences, having been incorporated
as adviser on matters scientific by an act of the Congress of the United
States of America, desires, with the congratulations of its members, to express
their admiration and indebtedness to the Royal Society of London. Progress
has marked its life, and its contributions to science are acknowledged by the
world. ‘The Royal Society has a heritage of historic glory which is an
inspiration to the learned body which expresses itself in a common language.
With felicitations go the earnest hopes of the Members of the Academy for
the long life and increasing achievements of the oldest scientific society in
Great Britain. The National Academy of Sciences has chosen Dr. Arnoip
Hacvr, its Home Secretary, to convey this message to the Royal Society and
to unite with representatives of other institutions of learning in celebrating
the event. In behalf of the Council and Members of the Academy.

ee pee el IRA REMSEN, President.

80 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, WASHINGTON

Tue Smirusonran Institution at Wasuineron sends cordial greeting
to the Royal Society upon the occasion of the two hundred and fiftieth
Anniversary of its foundation. In compliance with the request of the
President, the Council, and the Members of the Society, the Secretary of the
Smithsonian Institution takes pleasure in designating Arnotp Hacur, Pu.B.,
Sc.D., LL.D., M.N.A.S., Geologist of the United States Geological Survey, as
the representative of the Smithsonian Institution at the celebration. In
offering its congratulations, the Smithsonian Institution calls to mind, with
great satisfaction, the circumstance that its founder was for more than forty
years a member of the Royal Society. The unparalleled achievements in
science, extending over two and a half centuries, which have made the name
of the Royal Society known and honoured throughout the world, are an
unfailing source of inspiration to the Smithsonian Insfitution in its labours for
the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men.

Attest: CHARLES D. WALCOTT, Secretary.
June the fifteenth, One thousand nine hundred and twelve.

Unrrep States Coast anpD GEODETIC SURVEY, WASHINGTON

To THE PrEsIDENT, CounciL, AND Fettows or THE Royat Socrery.—The
members of the Unrrep Srares Coasr anp Geoperic Survey, admiring
followers of the illustrious men whose names adorn the records of the Royal
Society, send greetings and congratulations on the two hundred and fiftieth
Anniversary of the founding of the Society, whose activities have been the
inspiration of succeeding generations of scientific workers.

Washington, July 1912.
O. H. TITTMAN, Superintendent.

WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Tue Orricers aND THE Mempers oF THE WaAsHINGTON ACADEMY OF
Scrences extend greetings and congratulations to the Royal Society of
London on the occasion of the celebration of its two hundred and fiftieth
Anniversary. With the admiration of a disciple, the younger Society for the
increase of Knowledge hails the elder Society, now dignified by age and

illustrious by achievement, and wishes for it continued prosperity and renown.

FREDERICK VY. COVILLE, President.

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 81

BRITISH DOMINIONS BEYOND THE SEAS

AUSTRALIA

Unrversity oF SypNEY, New Soura WaAL.Es

Universitas SypNerensis Socirratis Recatis Prarsm1 Concir10 SopaLtBusquE
Salutem.—Gratum admodum nobis, viri doctissimi, fecistis quod nos ad
celebrandum vobiscum natalem Societatis vestrae ducentesimum quinqua-
gesimum tam benigne invitastis. Nostra quidem laude parum indiget Societas
Regalis, cuius tot praesides et sodales scientiae naturalis, complures iam per
aetates, praeclarissima lumina fuerunt ; ita ut ea certe fundanda Rex Carolus
Secundus, qui nunquam, uti fertur, locutus est insulse, fecerit etiam sapien-
tissime. Voluntati vestrae libenter obsecuti, adlegamus ANDERSON Stuart,
M.D., LL.D., Physiologiae Professorem ac Facultatis Medicinae Decanum,
qui feriis vestris intersit, quique ut semper floreat Societas vestra, teneatque
semper praecipuum illum inter tales toto orbe terrarum societates locum
quem tot per annos fere omnium consensu obtinuit, nostro nomine optet
et precetur.

Datum Sydneiae, Nonis Matis, MCM XII.

H. N. MACLAURIN, Cancellarius.
ROBERT A. DALLEN, h. ¢. Registrarius.

Roya Soctery or Tasmania, Hoparr

Tue Presipent, Roya Soctery or Lonpon. Sir,—The President, Council,
and Members of the Royat Socrery or Tasmanta desire, most cordially and
sincerely, to offer to the Royal Society of London their heartiest congratu-
lations on the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of its foundation.
Honoured by the name of the parent Society, and working to promote its
objects in Tasmania, we join with other kindred bodies in gratefully recalling
the past of the Royal Society of London, rich in names of men who have
profoundly influenced the progress of Science, and who for such service have
gained world-wide renown. On this Anniversary not the least cause of pride
in the great work of the Society must be the thought that its methods and
ideals are animating the lives of men in parts of the world entirely unknown
to its distinguished founders. We, at this time, also recall the fact that

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82 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

it was at the instance of the Royal Society of London that Captain James
Cook was sent out by the English Admiralty on that voyage which led
to such remarkable results in the history of these Southern Lands, results
none the less famous in Science from the labours of Sir Joseph Banks,
afterwards your President for over forty years. The Royal Society of
London has ever been pre-eminent in promoting the highest ideals of
knowledge and truth. It has helped in a unique degree to mould the
intellectual life not only of Britain but also of Europe and the whole civilized
world. While it is impossible to estimate the enormous influence that has
radiated from it during the two and a half centuries of its existence, yet this
aspect may be specially noted: there can be no national bond stronger than
that of common scientific interest, and in carrying out its more definite
objects the Royal Society of London has also been eminently assisting to
draw closer the political and social bonds of the Empire. The Royal Society
of Tasmania names as its delegate and representative to convey this greeting,
Grecory Sprorr, M.D., Member of the Council. Signed on behalf of the
Council and Members of the Royal Society of Tasmania.

HARRY BARRON, President.

GAM. H. BUTLER, Chairman of the Council.
Hobart, May, 1912.

Roya. Society or Victoria, MELBOURNE

Tue PresipEnt, Councit, AND Members OF THE Royat Society oF Victoria,
a humble but aspiring unit of the body of seekers after knowledge, send hearty
greetings to the Royal Society of London, its great mother and prototype, on the
completion of the 250th year of its valuable life. The faithful work of many
devoted students of nature in the London Society has brought fresh light into
countless dark places, and the stimulus given by them, rolling like a wave to the
remotest corners of the British Empire, inspires distant workers in the fields
of science with energy and hope to new endeavours. The Royal Society of
Victoria gratefully acknowledges its debt to these noble men, and ventures to
trust that the efforts of its own members to emulate the work of the parent
Society may have added some vigour to the growth of the Tree of Knowledge,
that by continuing so to do it may be for ever weaving fibres of kinship that
shall assimilate its results ever more closely to those of its illustrious progenitor.

By order of the Council :

J. R. HOGG, Fellow of the Royal Society of Victoria, Delegate
to the Meetings celebrating the 250th anniversary of the
foundation of the Royal Society of London.

July, 1912.

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 83

CANADA

McGitt Universiry, Monrreat

To raz Royat Sociery on the occasion of the celebration of the two
hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the beginning of a career in the course
of which it has won world-wide fame for the great benefits it has conferred
on mankind by the advancement of scientific knowledge and the practical
application of that knowledge to the needs of human life M°Giti Universrry
sends heartiest greetings and best wishes for continued prosperity and
usefulness.

STRATHCONA, Chancellor.

W. PETERSON, LL.D., D.LITT., Principal.
Montreal, 3rd June, 1912.

University or Toronto

Cancettarius er Senatus Universrratis Toronronensis Prarsipt Concriio
ET Sopatisus Recawits Socreratis Lonprnt S. P. D.—Gratulamur vobis, viri illu-
strissimi, vos annum ducentesimum quinquagesimum a Regali Societate inau-
gurata feriis saecularibus celebrare. Gratias agimus quod nos, ut feriis vestris
per vicarios adsimus, invitastis et, ut gratulationem nostram ad vos ferat,
Roserrum ALExANpRuM Fatconer, M.A., LL.D., D.Lrrr., C.M.G., praesidem
nostrum, constituimus et delegavimus. Quod quidem a nobis vos summo iure
impetratis. Ii enim qui in hac Universitate cognitioni rerum naturae operam
dant—quorum e numero quattuor sunt Sodales Regalis Societatis—exempla, ©
quae vestra Societas praeposuit, sequuntur et imitantur. Nec enim gloria
vestra apud Britannos solum viget et apud exteras nationes quae angusto mari
a Britannia dividuntur. Multum quoque hoc Septentrionali orbe valetis.
Haud immerito. Viris enim paene divinis qui vestra gerunt et semper
gesserunt, eum, quo nunc utimur, ordinem rerum et cultum acceptum referre
possumus. Illi enim prima clara voce praedicant illa Baconiana: Artes et
scientias per experimentationem solum et observationem promoveri: scientiam
et potentiam humanam in idem coincidere.

W. R. MEREDITH, Cancellarius.

JAMES BREBNER, Registrarius.
D. ex Aede Academ. Toronton., Id. Iun., MCMXII.

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84 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

Nova Scotian Instrrure oF Scrence, Hauirax, N.S.

Socreratis Recatis Praxrstpr Concritio Sopatisus Socreras SciENTIARUM
qua¥ IN Nova Scorta Est 8, P. D.—Societas pro Scientia Naturali promovenda,
quae in Nova Scotia est, partem aliquam habere cupit in gratulationibus,
quae nunc ex omnibus regionibus in quibus sedem invenerit Scientia, vobis
offeruntur, quod mox natalem ducentensimum quinquagensimum vestrae
Societatis celebraturi estis. Splendide quidem Societas Regalis stimulando
et _propagando assidue continenterque per tot saecula scientiarum studio
se praestitit cum primam tum inclutissimam inter societates quae in imperio
nostro Scientiam colunt; et iuste, inter multa alia, gloriari potest in societa-
tibus quae eisdem studiis se dederunt, quae permultae ubicunque terrarum
homines lingua Anglica utuntur, diffusae sunt; nam huic uni hae omnes
originem suam debent. Semper viam monstret Societas Regalis atque in
scientia promovenda et propaganda et civitatis necessitatibus adhibenda
semper sit princeps.

Datum Halifaxiae, Kalendis Iuliis MCM XII,

W. L. BISHOP, Praeses.
HARRY PIERS, Secretarius.

INDIA

UNIVERSITY oF BomBay

To tHe Presmpenr, Councit, AND FrEttows or THE Roya Socrery or
Lonpon, on the occasion of the 250th Anniversary of the Constitution
of the Society by Royal Warrant.—Tue Universrry or Bomsay, in accepting
the invitation of the President, Council, and Fellows of the Royal Society
of London to send a delegate to the celebration of the two hundred and
fiftieth Anniversary of its constitution by King Charles II, desires to convey
through its representative, Dr. F. G. Secsy, M.A. (Oxon.), LL.D. (Bom.),
its cordial felicitation, and to express its sympathetic interest in the historical
‘commemoration of one of the most important events in the history of
scientific inquiry in any part of the world. In the University of Bombay,
as in every other seat of learning and research, the influence of the Royal
Society has been a stimulus to investigation and interpretation in many
different fields, and it is with gratitude that the University desires to share
in the celebration. The University of Bombay is specially anxious to be
identified with the celebration because the Royal Society has during its
history taken such a very large interest in the development of inquiry in the

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 85

tropics and specially in India. Several of its leaders, and notably Sir Joseph
Banks, President of the Royal Society in the latter part of the eighteenth
century, and Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker, one of its most eminent members
in the nineteenth century, spent much of their life and strength in investigation
into tropical conditions, and were almost the first to draw attention to the
important light which such inquiry would shed on general scientific questions,
The interest in tropical and Indian questions has not flagged since that time,
and the Society has again and again placed its experience at the disposal
of the Government of India and private bodies in this country. At the
present time it acts as the adviser of the Indian Government on matters
connected with scientific inquiry in India, and also as an advisory body
on the management of the Observatories in India. It has Committees which .
are studying tropical diseases which are among our worst scourges. And the
Royal Society has always shown itself willing to assist with advice and counsel,
any public body which appealed to it. The University of Bombay, therefore,
joins in congratulating the Royal Society of London on the present occasion,
on the noble part it has played in the advancement of knowledge in the past,
and wishes for it a future even more glorious, in which it will appear that the
present commemoration represents but the beginning of a new era of advance-
ment and usefulness.

Bombay, June 20th, 1912.

_ UNIvEerRsiIty oF CALCUTTA

A ConcraTULATORY ADDRESS TO THE Roya. Socrery

1. Those who daily improve the modern world by new discoveries, who
spend their lives in search after truths about the material world, who plunging
deep into the ocean of science collect gems, may those sober-minded scientists
live for ever for the benefit of this world.

2. Many learned men were born, will be born, and are being born on this
earth which was created long ago; but indeed there are few who are really
successful and who by diving into the ocean of science have found out hidden

ms.

3. The Creator, hoary with age, created the universe with the earth and
other elements; but surely he concealed the forces of material objects.
A new creator, more powerful than the first, being born discovered the long-
hidden forces of material objects.

4. In the store-house of the. universe created by the aged sage Brahma
many precious things were kept hidden ; but Newton breaking open the doors
of superstition revealed a new method of discovery.

5. May the bright glory of the Royal Society, founded by him, continue to
shine through Royal patronage as long as the Sun and the Moon endure. It

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86 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

is time for us to celebrate the jubilee, now that it has completed its two
hundred and fiftieth year of existence.

6. Electricity, fire, water, and other elements that were ever known as
inanimate things caught in the machines (of the Society) toil like ghosts
discharging vapour (tears), and constantly propel steam-ships, etc. during the
day and night : seeing this wonderful mechanical skill the Creator himself is
now surprised.

7. Within London lies the famous tank, called the Royal Society, in whose
waters of science on white lotuses plays the Goddess of Learning in her
splendour and where the Sun of knowledge never sets but always shines out of
joy. To add to the beauty of that tank we send this fresh blooming lotus
(Praphullachandra) of our own country.

8. May the garland of this poem composed by Asutosh and presented by
him with deep regard be accepted. If the savants living in the garden of

science wear it as an ornament, then his labour will be requited.
Calcutta University, May, 1912.

ASUTOSH MOOKERJEE, Vice-Chancellor.

UnIversity or Mapras

London, 16 July, 1912. To tHe Prestent or THE Royat Sociery or Lonpon.
Sir,— Under instructions from the Vice-Chancellor, I have the honour to convey
to the Royal Society of London the congratulations of the University of
Madras on the occasion of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the
Society. Like all other academic or learned bodies, the University of Madras
most cordially recognizes the great work which the Royal Society has done in
extending the bounds of natural knowledge and in maintaining the high
traditions which ought to be associated with the pursuit of that knowledge.
I have the honour to be, Sir, Your most obedient servant,

A. CRICHTON MITCHELL, Delegate, University of Madras.

Asiatic Society oF BencaL, CALCUTTA

[ Translation from the original Sanskrit. |

Tue Asiatic Soctety or Inpia offers her respects, regards, and reverence to
the august Royal Society of august England, the importer of scientific know
ledge.

Be it known :—

How can one describe thy glory, O Society? Full two centuries and a half
have elapsed since thy foundation at the command of the Sovereign. Asia

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 87

offers her tribute to Europe in the garb of this eulogy of thee. May the wise
rejoice at the sight of this union of ours, so beneficial to the world. Vibhvana,
Vaja and Rbhu, celebrated in the Rig Veda, these three together rejuvenated
their old father and attained to heaven. Still higher and all unrivalled is the
region that you have reached by rejuvenating the old world through Science
and Art.

Vayu, Varuna, Agni, the Asvins, Rudras and Vasus, worshipped by the
Aryans of old, have been praised in beautiful hymns in the Vedas; through
thy constantly employing all of them in devoted service for the good of
humanity, thy glory, moving among the regions of the air and the waters,
extends over the earth. Having come to congratulate thee, O [Society] of
glorious fame and unequalled majesty, I am satisfied with thy various virtues.
Mayest thou live long, patronize the learned, and be highly honoured for the
good of the world.

InpDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE

To tHe Presipenr and Councit or THE Roya Socrery or Lonpon.—On
the occasion of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the foundation of
the Royal Society, the Council and Senate of the Inpran Instrrure or Scrence
send greetings and good wishes.

MORRIS W. TRAVERS, Director.

SOUTH AFRICA

Roya Socrery or SourH AFRICA

Socreratis Recatis Arricar Mermrionaris Prarses Conciium Soci Er
Sopates Socreratr Recau S. P. D.—Laetissimis animis litteras vestras
accepimus quibus certiores nos fecistis vos in animo habere natalem diem
Societatis vestrae antiquissimae et illustrissimae Iulio mense huius anni
celebrare. Gratulamur vobis quod nunc quoque sicut maiorum temporibus
Societas vestra operam semper dat ut lumen scientiae quam latissime
diffundatur. Nos quidem, huius longinquae Imperii Britannici partis incolas,
qui, eius luminis non expertes, vestrum exemplum et nomen imitati, Societatem
Regalem ipsi nuper condidimus, in primis decet, filiorum ritu, natalem
Societatis vestrae diem ducentesimum quinquagesimum vobiscum concelebrare.
Quare commendamus vobis legatum nostrum Davinum Gitt, equitem illu-
strissimum et optime de scientia astronomica meritum, qui praesens nostro

nomine salutem vobis dicat.
L. PERINGUEY, Praeses.

88 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

BRITISH ISLES

ENGLAND AND WALES

UNIVERSITY OF OxrForD

Cancettarius Macisrri er Scuorares Universrratis OxonrENsiIs Socreratis
Recauis Praxsmr Concizio ET Soparisus 8. P. D.—Regalem Societatem
ducentesimo iam et quinquagesimo anno diem natalicium celebrantem nos
Oxonienses salvere ex animo iubemus. Namque haec ex quo tot abhine annis
est instituta prolatandorum uno tenore scientiae finium dux et auspex exstitit :
haec illius sapientiae, cuius res gestas non solum annalium et librorum
memoria sed etiam mutata in melius mortalium condicio testatur, arcem et
caput ut olim fundavit ita nune tuetur,

dotans vitam humanam novis inventis et copiis.

Neque absurdum videtur gratulationem in tali die a nobis potissimum offerri,
quippe qui cum inter primos lucem e tenebris elatam a cive et doctore nostro
viderimus, nunc ea quae foveatis studia indies intentius et diligentius exer-
ceamus. Quid quod non voluntate solum et animis coniungimur, sed et multi
nostrum vestris ordinibus sunt adscripti? adeo, ut quisque in naturali
scientia se exercuit, ita plenissimam laborum mercedem consequi visus est si
vestrae Societati adscisceretur : id quod multis Oxoniensibus contigit. Itaque
quando aliquem a nobis delegatum festis adhibere benignissime vultis, illi ipsi
hoe officium mandavimus qui cum nunc conciliis nostris magna cum laude
praesideat, testis erit benevolentiae nostrae locupletissimus. Venit igitur ad
vos Carotus Butter Herserpen, Artium Magister, Doctor in Iure Civili
honoris causa, Collegii Aenei Nasi Principalis, Vice-Cancellarius: qui quid
animis sentiamus voce praesens docebit.

Datum Oxoniae in Domo nostra Convocationis, die Decimo Octavo mens.
Tunii, A. S. MCMXII.

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE

Universiras Canrasricrensis Recari Socreratr Lonprienst S. P. D.—
Gratulamur vobis omnibus, viri rerum naturae et scientiarum amore
nobis coniunctissimi, quod annos ab origine vestra ducentos quinquaginta
prospere peractos propediem estis celebraturi, -Etenim Idibus illis Tuliis,
die vestro natali, scientiarum templum illud aedificari coeptum est, cuius

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 89

imago quaedam, domus Salomonis sub nomine, Baconis nostri in Nova
Atlantide olim adumbrata est. Vobis igitur etiam in posterum curae erit (ut
eiusdem utamur verbis) ‘ ex eis quae iam sub oculis sunt, nova experimenta, lucis
sublimioris, atque in naturam altius penetrantia, excitare et dirigere’. Societatis
vestrae auspicio (quod et vobis laudi et nobis honori fuit) primum in lucem
prodierunt alumni nostri Newtoni, postea Praesidis vestri, Philosophiae
Naturalis Principia Mathematica, quorum exemplar ipsius manu scriptum
inter thesauros vestros in perpetuum conservandum curavistis. Societatis
vestrae consiliis, in inceptis magnis scientiarum in provincia promovendis, diu
libenter usi sunt ei qui patriae toti administrandae praefuerunt. Societatis
denique vestrae auctoritate pecuniae publicae scientiarum finibus proferendis
quotannis distributae sunt, et praestantissimo cuique ex scientiarum cultoribus
praemia insignia donata. Atqui non praemiorum exspectatione sed veritatis
amore ingenuo per tot annos adducti, rerum naturae miracula recondita et
penitus abstrusa orbi terrarum identidem patefecistis, philosophi cuiusdam
Romani praeceptum illud praeclarum exemplo vestro comprobantes: ‘quod,
inquis, erit pretium operae? quo nihil maius est, nosse naturam; neque enim
quicquam habet in se huius materiae tractatio pulchrius, cum multa habeat
futura usui, quam quod hominem magnificentia sui detinet, nec mercede sed
miraculo colitur. Laetamur Societati vestrae tot viros insignes praefuisse,
inter quos alumnos nostros complures exstitisse gloriamur. Ergo, congressus
vestri saecularis in honorem, Cancellarium nostrum illustrem, BAaronem
Rayteicu, quondam Praesidem vestrum insignem, legatum ad vos libenter
mittimus, qui non modo Universitatis nostrae personam summa cum dignitate
sustinebit, sed etiam nostrum omnium in vos benevolentiam optime interpre-
tabitur. Valete.

- Datum Cantabrigiae, pridie Idus Martias, A. S. MCMXII°.

UNIVERSITY oF LONDON

Socreratt Recartt Universtras Lonprnensis S. P. D.—Litteras vestras,
viri doctissimi atque insignissimi, summo gaudio accepimus, cum natalicia
Societatis Regalis CCL annos abhinc fundatae celebraturi nos etiam participes
tam faustae occasionis esse velitis. Societati vestrae gratulamur, quae per
tot iam saecula scientiae iumen non tantum inter Britannos sed per totum
terrarum orbem auget atque diffundit. Vobis enim datur

munita tenere
edita doctrina sapientum templa serena,
despicere unde queas alios, passimque videre
errare, atque viam palantes quaerere vitae.

Nos vero, quibus, Universitati illius urbis adscriptis in qua vos sedem excelsam
et tanquam arcem habetis, scientiae inter cives nostros docendae atque

90 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

propagandae officium est impositum, vestram praecipue Societatem suspicimus ;
nec gloriari pudet nonnullos Universitatis nostrae doctores et alumnos, in
numerum sodalium vestrorum adscitos, aliquam et ipsos partem vestris
auspiciis in scientia promovenda praestitisse. Delegavimus autem Pro-
Cancellarium nostrum, Witmor Parker HerrincHam, Medicinae Doctorem,
qui vobiscum in feriis celebrandis consociatus tot tantorumque memoriae
meritorum vota pro futura Societatis Regalis prosperitate coniungat.
Dabamus Londinii, XV™° mensis Iunii, A. S. MCMXTI,
ARCHIBALDUS, COMES DE ROSEBERY, Cancellarius.
WILMOT PARKER HERRINGHAM, Pro-Cancellarius.
EDUARDUS HENRICUS BUSK,
Praeses Graduatorum Convocatorum.
HENRICUS ALEXANDER MIERS, Praefectus.

Tue UNIVERSIry oF BrrMINGHAM

To tHe Royat Socrery From THE Universrry oF BirmincHam.—Trustee
of the loftiest traditions of scientific inquiry, and guardian of natural
knowledge through troublous times,—we welcome the opportunity of express-
ing our admiration for your past, and our confident anticipation of a noble
future. The seal of the University of Birmingham was affixed hereto in the
presence of the undersigned members of the Council,

CHARLES G. BEALE, Vice-Chancellor.
OLIVER LODGE, Principal.
GEO. H. MORLEY, Secretary.

UNIverRsITy oF Brisrot.

Socrerart Reeart Unrversiras Brisroitrensis S. P. D.—Gratulamur vobis,
viri doctissimi, tot lustra feliciter peracta, tot secreta naturae abscondita iam
in lucem atque oculorum quotidianum aspectum prolata, tot res salutares in
usum commodumque hominum arte miranda inventas. Neque certe Academiae
nostrae minimae est laudi quod complures inter professores nostros in
praeclarissimam vestram Societatem alii alio tempore adsciti sunt. Nunc autem
ipsum Cancellarium nostrum, virum maxime egregium et in rationibus
philosophiae vel subtilissimae explicandis imprimis acutissimum, publica
legatione mittimus, ut unus pro omnibus hance nostram communem vocem
ad vos deferat. Illius ergo verbis et auspiciis precamur hunc tam faustum
natalem vestrum laeto ac frequentissimo coetu celebretis, atque optima illa
studia, quibus ad hune usque diem tam bene floruistis, ita in posterum
semper excolatis.

Dabamus ex Universitate Bristolliensi, a. d. IV Kal. Iun. MCM X11.

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 91

University or Duruam (ArmsrronG CoLLEGE)

Socreratr Recaut Universrratis Dunetmensis Canceniarius Ev SENaTus
S. P. D.—Cum nuper nobis nuntiatum sit vos Societatis vestrae per quinqua-
ginta iam’ lustra prosperrime servatae diem faustum celebraturos esse, de re
tam felici vobis ex animi sententia gratulamur. Dicitur festivus ille rex
Carolus Secundus omnia si quis alius stulte fecisse: sed falso, quoniam id
saltem imprimis sapientis fuit, quod Societati vestrae minora ut videtur
initia sumenti adfuit ultro Fundator et Patronus. Quo patrocinio exortum
quis est quin sciat quanto splendore quam late tum Britanniae tum ceteris
gentibus affulserit saluberrimum Scientiae lumen? Quippe vos regale nomen
regaliter factis exornastis exornatis: adeo ut quem ad modum Cineae
Romanus sic nobis vester Senatus totus ex regibus constare videatur. Nam
contigit vobis re vera, Baconio quod erat in votis, ut naturae regno potiti
fines vestros in dies latius proferatis. At praesidum sociorumque vestrorum
tot tantaque Scientiarum in rem publicam merita vix quisquam oratione
complectatur: longum est scilicet vel nomina summatim percurrere. Quae
tamen ne omnino hoc praesertim tempore praetermittamus, ubi, ubi, inqui-
mus, terrarum ignotus est Newtonius vester—

clarum et venerabile nomen— .

Archimedes alter, immo ipso Archimede praestantior? Legentem quem non
delectat Pepysii perurbana garrulitas? aut Boyleii singulare ingenium?
aut Evelynus Dryadum idemque Musarum cultor? Cui non cordi est secum
recolere vel Wrenum basilicarum altitudines molientem vel Harveium ‘de
motu cordis et sanguinis’ disserentem vel operis metallariis consulentem
Daveium? Quid? recentioris Scientiae qui signa ducebat Darwino num
quis hodie iustam laudem denegabit ? Nempe iam nemo ne Episcopus quidem
reformidat ne horribili quodam casu inter simios numeretur. Recentissimos
autem si quis respiciat, quanto opere desideratur e physicis Kelvinus, e medicis
Listerius, quorum alter navigantibus, medentibus alter multo plus praestitit
securitatis! Hos viros insignissimos et alios horum similes recordantibus
fieri non potest quin Maronis illud nobis succurrat,

felix qui potuit rerum cognoscere causas,

ita tamen succurrat ut felices illos quoque velimus qui cognitione sua alienis
commodis inserviendum putarint. Hodie vero feriantibus vobis utinam priscus
ille praeses Brounckerius adesset! Salutaret profecto suae laudis vicarium :
salutaret socios tam fama quam numero pollentes: perlustraret oculis
astronomicos, medicos, physicos, mathematicos, mechanicos, chymicos, alios
complures,
nullius addictos iurare in verba magistri,

sed omnes suam quemque operam navantes, ut Philosophiam Naturalem
longius promoverent. Quae cum ita sint, animis libentissimis adlegavimus

92 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

Grorcium Hare Puiipson, Vice-Cancellarium nostrum, medicum inlustrem
inter equites adscitum, qui nostram erga vos amicitiam praesens testetur.
Sunt sane multa nobis vobiscum necessitudinis vincula, quorum nunc liceat
si non plura at unum vel potius unicum illud referre, quod viget apud nos, et
diu vigeat, Gulielmus Greenwell, socius vester, noster alumnus, archaeologorum
Nestor indefessus, qui pariter iam omnes, nisi fallimur, et vestros socios et
nostros alumnos aetate superavit. Proinde, doctorum doctissimi, scitote
nos vestris in gaudiis gaudere et impense simul precari ut nominis vestri
vetus amplitudo novis atque amplioribus etiam per saecula praemiis augeatur.

G. W. KITCHIN, D.D., Cancellarius et Decanus.
Datum Dunelmi, Kal. Tul., AwS. MDCCCCXI.

UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS

To THE PresipENT, Counc, AND FeLttows or THE Roya Socrery.—THE
University or Lexps begs respectfully to congratulate you on the Anniversary
which you are about to celebrate. For two hundred and fifty years your
Society has filled a unique place in our national life. No institution has
ever been. animated by a greater love of truth or by a deeper reverence for
unfettered freedom of thought. The experimental methods followed by the
Royal Society have proved themselves to be true methods of advance; and
to-day mankind is its debtor for the enlightenment and the welfare which
attend vast additions to natural knowledge. ‘The scientific achievements of
your Society are universally acknowledged both at home and abroad. A point
less generally observed is its indirect influence in all parts of the British
realms. Happily inclusion in the Royal Society does not withdraw and
isolate men who have found a career among the growing populations of our
time. No thoughtful dweller in our own city can help feeling that Leeds
would have lost greatly had Joseph Priestley never lived and worked here.
In large industrial centres men like Priestley are the best of educators.
They are true ‘merchants of light’, if we may borrow a phrase from that
New Atlantis which foreshadows so closely, in some important respects, the
purposes of your own foundation. And since Priestley’s day there have never
been wanting among the citizens of Leeds other members of your body who
have not merely advanced natural science by special research but have spared
no effort: to encourage learning in all its many branches. Not the least
active among the founders of our University have been Fellows of the Royal
Society who have not allowed the claims of particular investigations to blind
them to the wide range and essential unity of human knowledge.

ARTHUR G. LUPTON, Vice-Chancellor.

MICHAEL E. SADLER, Pro-Chancellor.
July, 1912.

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 93

Unriversiry oF MANCHESTER

Prarsipr Constxio Sopatisus Socreratis Recatis pro Natura Scientia
Promovenpa annum CCL feliciter celebrantibus S. P. D, Universrras Mancu-
NIENSIS.—Si iure ille aestimandus est

feliz, qui potuit rerum cognoscere causas,

ut confiteri non sine dubio aliquo videtur Vergilius, nulla certe hominum
Societas quae usquam gentium ad hune diem exstiterit maiorem huius gloriae
ac felicitatis sibi partem vindicavit quam Regalis vestra abhinc iam CCL
annos instituta. Sive enim ad fundatorum eius aetatem spectamus ubi de
Expansione Aerea primas leges celeberrimus ille Boylius invenit sive ad viri
omnium clarissimi Neutonii ipsius reperta, per quae

caelum ac terras camposque liquentes
lucentemque globum lunae Titaniaque astra

jam tandem Motus Legibus certo fundamento positis subiecit; sive ad eos
qui Neutonium insecuti sunt, Ioulium qui primus Caloris atque Energeiae
coniunctam rationem exhibuit, vel Daltonium qui primus Atomorum pondera
certum in ordinem reduxit, ille artis Mechanicae hic Chemicae hodiernae paene
fundator; hos omnes Societas Regalis inspiravit instinxit adiuvit. Quid ?
cum ad ingens illud tum fidei Christianae tum artis apud nostrates archi-
tectonicae monumentum Sancti Pauli quam vocant Cathedralem suspicimus,
nonne recordari libet illam a nobili vestro mathematico Christophero Wren
subtilissima in physicis scientia inchoatam exstructamque? Cum vero ad
recentiorum victorias convertimur, quid dicamus de Daruinii illius maximi
Wallaciique doctrina unde

genus omne animantum
et. quae marmoreo fert monstra sub aequore pontus

in suam quodque originem luculenter tractum est? Sin vero ad artes iam
plurimas quibus vita hominum tutior vel dulcior facta est, ut de Medicorum
vestrorum repertis omnino taceamus, quis hos per menses Humphreii Davy
oblivisci potest, qui in subterraneis metallis carbonem quaerentibus

lumen de suo lumine accendit,

aut Perkinii, qui ex materia eadem nigerrima pulcherrimos veris colores
in solis lucem revocavit, oculos hominum complens ac reficiens purissima
naturae voluptate ? Per haec atque talia, doctissime Praeses, Sodales alumni-
que vestri veritatis amorem nostrorum saeculorum ingeniis alte insitum
stimulantes ipsi atque implentes, hunc ipsum terrarum orbem, illum in-
numeris orbibus splendentem mundum cum in regnum non caecae fortunae
sed rationis certae adseruerint, non solum hominibus aptius domicilium sed
etiam, si cum poetis reverenter loqui licet, vestem Auctore omnium ipso longe
quam unquam antea cognitum est digniorem esse demonstraverunt. Vobis

94 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

igitur festa haec natalicia celebrantibus ex animo nos gratulamur, quibus inter
iuniores Britanniae Universitates antiquissimus conceditur locus; simul a vobis
comiter rogati Principem nostrum dilectum, equitem inlustrem, AturepuM
Hopkinson, delegavimus laetitiam nostram vobis praesentem praesentibus
testaturum.
ALFRED HOPKINSON, Praeses.
EDWARD FIDDES, Registrarius.

R.S. CONWAY, Hwmanitatis Professor.

UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD

Universiras SHEFFIELDIENSIS Socreratr Recatt pro Screntia NaTurAatt
Promovenna S. P. D.—Annum vobis ducentesimum et quinquagesimum
implentibus cursus felicissimi et eis prope aequalis artibus quas uno nomine
scientiae hodie complectimur, vehementer et vere gratulamur, et eadem qua
ceteri omnes nos laude prosequimur. Optime enim de sapientibus estis
meriti, res plurimae et utilissimae vobis auctoribus et ducibus sunt inventae,
annalibus vestris memoria illius quo ad Naturae notitiam pervenimus itineris
magna ex parte continetur. Oramus igitur atque obsecramus ut eventu in
dies prosperiore ea vobis per multos annos agere liceat per quae sapientissimus
quisque maximos faciat progressus et omnes qui in toto orbe terrarum his
studiis favent artiore vinculo necessitudinis inter se coniungantur.

Sheffield: dabamus, mense Tunio, MCM XII.
W. M. HICKS, Praeses Senatus.

UNIVERSITY OF WALES

Universiras Camprensis Socreratr Recarr pro Scientia NATURALI
Promovenpa S. P. D.—Ferias celebraturis ob annos ducentos quinquaginta
feliciter exactos vobis ex animo gratulamur. Pergratum erit vobis per tot
annorum spatium respicere et in memoriam reducere nomina eorum qui
Scientiae Naturalis promovendae studio incensi tot arcana Naturae enuclea-
verint atque operam ad mentes hominum exacuendas et vitam artibus
excolendam navaverint. ‘Alii laboraverunt et nos in labores eorum introivimus.’
Delegavimus Vice-Cancellarium nostrum, Henricum Rvuporrw Reicuet,
Equitem, M.A., LL.D., qui sollemnibus vestris intersit et omnia vobis bona
fausta felicia precetur.

Dabamus pridie Non. Iul. MCMXII.
KENYON, Pro-Cancellarius.
J. MORTIMER ANGUS, Registrarius.

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 95

Roya CoLLeGE or PHYSICIANS

Socreratt Recart Cottecium Recate Mepicorum Lonpivense 8. P, D.—Ad
sollennia vestra, viri doctissimi, per literas vestras gratissimas nuper vocati,
misimus nos Praesidem nostrum, THomam Bartow, Baronettum, Ordinis
Regii Victoriae Equitem, nostra inter comitia simul ac vestra socium honora-
tissimum, qui studia nostra vobis exprimat, et de natalibus gratuletur.
Maximi certe debentur Societati Regali honores, quae per ducentos et
quinquaginta annos lampada tradiderit Scientiae, quae tot sibi consociaverit
magistros, a Neutono illo usque ad Carolum Daruinum, necnon multos alios in
re physica, geologica, chemica, physiologica doctissimos, ne dicam Medicos
quosdam illustrissimos, qui inter nostram vestramque Societatem quasi arcta.
vincula fuerunt, atque amicitiae signa mutuae et perpetuae. At quanta ante
oculos vestros patent regna! nihil enim in natura est pro cognitione vestra
nimis vastum, nihil nimis minutum aut arcanum ; quaeritis qua lege labantur
sidera, quibus ignibus ardeant soles, quaenam sit terrarum et rupium aedificatio,
quaenam molecularum et atomorum intima natura, quomodo et quibus ex
primordiis propagentur florum animalium hominumque genera. ‘Talia igitur
contemplantes, et tanto Scientiae amore raptos, non turbat vos popularis aura,
non odium theologicum, non furor politicus; sufficit enim ipsam Naturam
prospicere, ac divino eius impleri afflatu; ita ut de vobis illud videatur
cecinisse Vergilius,

felix qui potuit rerum cognoscere causas.
Valete !
THOMAS BARLOW, Praeses.
J.A. ORMEROD, Registrarius.
_ Datum Londini, Kalendis Iuliis, MCMXII.

Roya CoLzEGE or SURGEONS

We, the President, Vice-Presidents, and Council of the Roya CoLiEcE or
Surczons or EncianD, have the honour to convey to the President, Council,
and Fellows of the Royal Society our cordial congratulations on the occasion
of the celebration of the 250th Anniversary of its foundation. It is gratifying
to us to remember that, among the many illustrious men who have brought
honour to the Society, not the least famous have been members of the medical
profession, and that in three instances the Presidential Chair has been filled
by a Fellow of our College. It is therefore with special interest and pleasure
that we join in doing honour to the Society, and offer to its President and
Fellows our best wishes for the success of their commemoration. In witness
whereof we have caused the Common Seal of the College to be hereunto affixed

this 13th day of June, 1912. RICKMAN J. GODLEE, President.

96 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

Society oF ANTIQUARIES, LONDON

Socieratt Recatt inter omnes Britanniae Societates antiquissimae et
praeclarissimae annum a Societate condita Ducentesimum Quinquagesimum
Celebranti Socreras Anriquarionum Lonprvensis S$. P. D.—Societati Regali,
inter ipsa scientiarum quae yocantur naturalium incunabula nascenti, mandato
Regis Caroli Secundi sancitum est ut aut novam excuderet philosophiam aut
veterem expoliret: quod propositum quanto cum successu sit consecuta, iam
dudum non patriae modo sed orbi terrarum universo innotuit. Atqui, licet
superfluum sit ut seriem virorum qui et Societatem et nomen Britannicum
illustraverunt recenseamus, eorum saltem qui in utramque sodalitatem, et
vestram et nostram, adsciti fuerint non omittenda est memoria: quorum
e numero Martinus Foulkes uno eodemque tempore utrique Societati praefuit,
Augustus Franks, Johannes Evans, apud vos socii apud nos Praesides illustris-
simi exstiterunt. Neque illud tacendum duximus nostram scilicet Societatem,
quamvis LV annis natu minorem, vestrae et proximum obtinere locum, et
firmissimo semperque ut speramus duraturo amicitiae foedere esse devinctam :
quocirea vobis plenum studiorum fructum, felicitatem perpetuam, honoris, si
id fieri potest, incrementum, iterum atque iterum libentissimis animis exopta-
mus. Delegavimus hodie Praesidem nostrum, Carotum Hercutem Reap,
militem eundemque Legum Doctorem qui congratulationes nostras vobis unus
pro omnibus afferat.

Dabamus Londini ex aedibus nostris, Kal. Iul. anno Domini MDCCCCXII.
C. H. READ, Praeses.

British AcapDEMy, LONDON

THe Presivent, Councit, AND FELLows oF THE Royat Society or Lonpon.—
We, the President, late Presidents, Council, and Fellows of the Brrrisu
AcavrEmy, desire to offer to the President, Council, and Fellows of the Royal
Society our cordial congratulations on the completion of the two hundred and
fiftieth year of its illustrious career. On this memorable occasion we approach
you with feelings of special attachment and confidence, inasmuch as our
Academy was, at a still recent date, founded with the co-operation and good-
will of your august Society, and we take pride in the thought that we may
almost regard our own Body as the offshoot of an historic Institution which
has flourished through so long a period of the national life. The Royal
Society had its beginnings in troublous times, when the proud legend
inscribed on the Society’s seal found in very deed a wide application ; but at
no time has it been other than true to the high and arduous ends to which its
labours have from the first been devoted, or ceased from the pursuit and

Ty =

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 97

service of Truth. One of the earliest of: the Associations founded in any
European country ‘for promoting Natural Knowledge’, it has extended its
investigations, so as to comprehend all the Physical as well as Mathematical
Sciences, and the roll of its Presidents, Secretaries, and of successive generations
of its Fellows, as well as of its Medallists, covers the entire range of modern
scientific progress. The ‘Invisible College’ of the years preceding the Grant
of the Society’s first Charter, which it commemorates to-day, has long since
established its leading position among the chief agencies in the advancement of
‘Natural Knowledge’ throughout the world.. Nor can we forget that the list
of its Officers and Fellows includes many names notable in the annals of British
Letters, and in the history of those Studies which have of late found particular
representation among the members of our own Body. Of the long and varied
labours of the Royal Society a record of monumental completeness is presented
in its T’ransactions, extending over very nearly the whole of the two hundred
and fifty years of its strenuous existence. 'To the work thus unintermittently
carried on by the Society has been added its faithful and fruitful administration
of the important trusts committed to it by the Government of the Country,
and through other Benefactions, as well as its wise distribution of the Annual
Grants made to it, and its judicious award of Distinctions marking great
achievements in original Scientific Investigation. All these high and onerous
functions have been performed by the Royal Society in a spirit of self-devotion
and with a fullness of success which entitle it to the grateful acknowledge-
ments of a long series of generations, including the present of which we form
part. With the sincere expression, on the present great occasion, of this
widespread and well-merited recognition, the British Academy, in a spirit of
faithful and grateful homage, desires most cordially to associate itself

(Signed)
A.W. WARD, President of the British Academy.
REAY = Late Presidents of the
E. MAUNDE conrere British Academy.
I. GOLLANCZ, Secretary of the British Academy.

Date of Sealing, June 14, 1912.

British Musrum, Lonpon

To THe Presment, Councit, AND Fettows or THE Royat Socrery.—TueE
Trustees or tHE Brirish Museum desire to offer to you their cordial con-
gratulations on the occasion of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of
the foundation of your Society. Few institutions for the advancement of
natural knowledge can claim an existence of equal length; none can boast
a longer list of services to humanity than that which stands to the credit of

H

98 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

the Royal Society and its Fellows. A Corporation such as yours, which
includes within its ranks all the most eminent representatives of every branch
of natural knowledge within the British Dominions, which commands the
confidence of the nation and receives the support of the Government, can
direct and co-ordinate effort, can encourage enterprise, can reward achievement,
and thereby can promote the advance and welfare of scientific investigation
with a power altogether outside the reach of individuals or of special societies.
The Royal Society is one of the glories of England and the Empire; and all
Englishmen are glad to join in celebrating this landmark in its long career of
usefulness, The Trustees of the British Museum feel that they have a special.
claim to approach you on this occasion and to share in your rejoicings. The
British Museum owes its origin to a munificent bequest from a Fellow and
President of the Royal Society, Sir Hans Sloane; and the Act of Incorpora-
tion, by which it was founded in 1753, ordains that among the official
Trustees of the Museum shall always be the President of the Royal Society.
for the time being. Thus, throughout its whole existence, the British
Museum has had the advantage of the counsel, and has enjoyed the support,
of every President of your Society; and not least would the Trustees grate-
fully acknowledge the assistance they have received from the distinguished:
man of science who now holds that high and enviable post. The interests of
the British Museum are closely intertwined with the interests of science. The
Museum, in its Library and its Natural History Departments, provides the
materials for a-vast amount of scientific research. Much of that research has
been conducted by the officers of the Museum, past and present, many of whom
have received the coveted honour of the Fellowship of your Society. It is,
therefore, with the interest that is born of close association and common
aspirations that the British Museum, in the person of its Trustees, rejoices in
the glorious past of the Royal Society, and wishes it a long and not less
glorious future. , “bse

Sealed with the Common Seal of the British Museum, 6 July, 1912.

CHEMICAL Society, LONDON

Tue Cuemicat Socitery to THE PresipeNt, Councit, AND FrLtows oF THE
Roya. Socrery, Greeting.—Amongst the many learned bodies represented

here to-day there is certainly none which can wish to offer you more sincere’ -

and heartfelt congratulations than the Chemical Society, The Officers,
Council, and Fellows of our Society desire to associate themselves with you
in celebrating the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the birth of
a scientific corporation which in the distinction of its history is assuredly

Mi

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 99

second to no similar body in the World. The great army of diligent and
determined workers who are united by the solemn covenant to extend Man’s
knowledge of Nature look with reverence and gratitude on the Society which,
during two and a half centuries, has kept alive in these Islands the sacred fire
of Research, and has included within its Fellowship men whose names and
achievements are amongst the most imperishable glories of the human race.
We desire to take this opportunity of expressing, however imperfectly, our
indebtedness to the Society of Boyle, of Cavendish, of Priestley, of Dalton,
and of Davy, and we are proud to remember that these early masters of our
Science, by the stimulus which their investigations gave to the growth of
Chemical Knowledge, led to the origin of our Society by a natural process of
gemmation from your body. It is, therefore, in the capacity of children, and
as an act of filial piety, that we desire to offer to you, our parents, dutiful
felicitations to-day. We would take this. opportunity again of gladly and
freely acknowledging before all men that whatever success our own Society
may have achieved, whatever may be the dignity to which we have attained,
and whatever service to Science and to Mankind we may have been privileged
to perform, we largely owe to the inspiration which our founders drew from
the magnificent traditions of the Royal Society. This quickening influence
has been and, we trust, may long be maintained by a close association with
you, by the community of Fellowship which exists between your Society and
ours, and by the kindred ideals and aspirations which animate us both,
Signed on behalf of the Chemical Society:

PERCY F. FRANKLAND, President.
ALEXANDER SCOTT, Treasurer.

ARTHUR W, CROSSLEY
SAMUEL SMILES
HORACE T. BROWN, Foreign Secretary.

Sealed in Council this Twentieth Day of June, One Thousand Nine
Hundred and Twelve.

Secretaries.

ENTOMOLOGICAL Society, LONDON

Socteratt Rectar Socreras Enromotocica Lonprensis 8. P. D.—Benevole
a vobis invitati, ut unum aliquem nostrum delegemus, qui natalicia vestra
vobiscum celebret, munus hoc vel potius honorem Praesidi nostro, qui nunc
est, contulimus, mandavimusque ei ut, epistolae huius testimonio, vobis
declaret, nostrum omnium in yotis esse ut Societas vestra virorum illustrium
—sapientiae doctrinaeque Britannicae iam per tot annos decus et tutamen—
felicitate, gloria, denique rebus omnibus optabilibus, magis magisque semper

H 2

100 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

floreat, utque indagatio ac scientia rerum physicarum (quo ex fonte unum
quasi rivulum fluentem Sodalitas nostra, quantum potest, consectari amat)
patrocinio et favore vestro adiuvari nunquam desinat. Valete.

F, D. MORICE, Praeses.
A. HUGH JONES
JNO. HARTLEY DURRANT

JAMES J. WALKER

Vice-Praes.

Hon. Sec.
GEORGE WHEELER

Datum Londini, mense Iulio, MCM XII.

GroLocicaL Society, LonpDoN

Rec1AE Lonprnensium Socrerati Grotocica Lonprvenstum Socreras 8. P. D.—
Hodie, viri amplissimi, Regiae Londinensium Societati Societas Geologica
corde gratulatur ducentos quinquaginta annos summa cum laude confectos.
Occasionem auspicatam laeti arripimus confitendi quid nos potissimum
debeamus Almae Matri omnium fere collegiorum quae nunc apud Britannos
exstant arcana naturae explorandi causa. Ad origines vestrae Societatis
paulisper respicere liceat. Videtisne ut ex illo philosophorum globo, qui id
temporis congressi sunt inquisitionem rerum physicarum promovendi causa,
nata sit indagatio ista subterraneorum aenigmatum (eorum praecipue quae ad
interius orbis terrarum tegumentum spectant) quae luce clarius edocuit arcana
naturae, non modo in re geologica, verum etiam in unaquaque scientiae
provincia, congregationibus indagantium et partitione operis potius quam
singulorum investigatorum ope in lucem esse proferenda? Iam centum abhine
annos nos fratres geologici domicilio, ut ita dicam, proprio utimur ; gratis
tamen animis ad Almam Matrem nutricemque respicimus. Cui nostrum non
surgunt cristae quum secum reputet matris nostrae cordi esse quae ipsi penitus
investigare propositum habemus ? Quis non superbit quod tu, vir amplissime,
quem nos fratrem commilitonemque in nostra militia salutamus, in sellam
praesidialem huius velut praetorii scientiarum, contubernalium suffragiis,
accitus es? Societas Regia optime de Republica merita est, quippe quae
ubique ardorem indagandi tum genuerit tum stimulaverit. O si quae laus
eam saeculis superioribus prosecuta est, ea per ventura saecula splendore haud
imminuto illustret !

AUBREY STRAHAN, Praeses.

A. SMITH WOODWARD Seovetatie,
HERBERT H. THOMAS

BEDFORD McNEILL, Thesaurarius.

fb

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CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 101

GEOLOGICAL SuRVEY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND Museum or
PracticaL GroLtocy, Lonpon

Avpress or THE GroLocicaL Survey or Great Brrrain anp THE MusEuM
or Practica GroLocy to tHE Royat Sociery or Lonvon.,—The Geological
Survey of Great Britain and the Museum of Practical Geology desire to take
their part in the congratulations which are being offered by the whole civilized
world to the Royal Society of London on the attainment of its two hundred
and fiftieth Anniversary. 'To the influence of the Society in carrying out its
vocation of improving Natural Knowledge, the growth of the science of
Geology was chiefly due for nearly a century and a half, and though now for
upwards of a hundred years geologists have found other homes, they can never
forget that the Royal Society is the parent of all scientific institutions in the
British Dominions. The Geological Survey and Museum are proud to
remember that all their Directors and many other members of their staff have
been Fellows of the Royal Society, and more especially that a former Director
General now occupies the Presidential Chair. Being well aware of the great
work performed by the Society not only in original research in every branch
of science but in advising the State on scientific matters, in administering
funds for the furtherance of research, and in investigations leading to the
improvement of man’s position upon the earth, it is the fervent wish of these
Institutions that the Royal Society of London may long continue its eminently
distinguished and useful career,

J.J. H. TEALL, Director

July, 1912.

INnstITUTE OF CHEMISTRY, LONDON

Tue President, Council, and Fellows of the Instirure or CHEMIsTRY oF
Great Britain anv Iretanp have great pleasure in offering to the President,
Council, and Fellows of the Royal Society of London their sincere and hearty
congratulations on the occasion of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary
of the incorporation of the Society. The Institute of Chemistry desires to be
associated with Academies, Learned Societies, and all Scientific Institutions in
rejoicing that the Royal Society which justly takes precedence as the parent
of all our Scientific Societies, has with such marked success upheld the world-
wide prestige of Science generally, and that throughout the two and a half
centuries of its existence the great objects of its founders have been faithfully
maintained to the honour of this country, and to the everlasting benefit of the
cause of civilization and humanity at large. In the domain of Chemistry, no
less than in other branches of Science, the Royal Society has fostered the

102 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

progress of Learning and Research. The Institute recalls with pride that
from its foundation in 1877 its Register has borne the names of no less than
106 Fellows of the Royal Society, while at the present time 48 Fellows of the
Institute enjoy that distinction. It is the earnest hope of the Institute that
the Royal Society may continue its career with undiminished vigour and
success and that the great traditions of its past history may be carried on by
future generations of its Fellows.
This 15th day of July, 1912.

RAPHAEL MELDOLA, President.

WILLIAM A. TILDEN
GEORGE BEILBY

FRANK CLOWES
GEORGE McGOWAN
JOHN MILLAR THOMSON
ALEXANDER PEDLER

ALFRED GORDON SALAMON, Hon. Treasurer.
RICHARD B. PILCHER, Registrar and Secretary.

Vice-Presidents.

INsTITUTION OF ELEcrRIcCAL ENGINEERS, LONDON

To tHE PreEsipDENr AND CouNncit oF THE Roya. Socrery or Lonpon
Greeting.—The President and Council of the Instrrurion or ExxecrricaL
Enererrs offer their congratulations to the Royal Society on the completion
of the two hundred and fiftieth year of its existence. They are happy to
recall how much the Royal Society has done since the days of Robert Boyle
and Francis Hauksbee to promote the discovery of electrical phenomena and
of the laws of electricity and magnetism. They will ever remember the
additions to electrical knowledge due to Sir Isaac Newton, Stephen Gray,
Benjamin Franklin, Joseph Priestley, Abraham Bennet, Sir Humphry Davy,
Michael Faraday, John Frederick Daniell, Sir William Grove, Sir Francis
Ronalds, James Prescott Joule, Sir Charles Wheatstone, John Tyndall,
Latimer Clarke, David Edward Hughes, Lord Kelvin, James Clerk Maxwell,
John Hopkinson, George Francis FitzGerald, William Edward Ayrton, and
other Fellows of the Royal Society. They express the hope that the Royal
Society may enjoy unbroken prosperity, and may continue to promote the
progress of electrical science.

On behalf of the Institution, the XVI day of July, MDCCCCXIH.,
S. Z, DE FERRANTI, President.
W. DUDDELL, President Elect.
P. F, ROWELL, Secretary.

ee eee

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 103

Tron AND STEEL Instirute, LoNDoN

Instirvti Ferri er Cuatysis Prarses er Concitium er Socnt Pragsini er Con-
ciuio Et Sopauipus Socieratis Rec ais Salutem.—Fausta oblata occasione, quod
natalem diem doctissimae vestrae Societatis annos iam CCL constitutae
celebrandum statuistis, antiquissimae et illustrissimae omnium in hac patria
nostra societatum, quae Scientiae Naturali promovendae studuerunt, nos laeti
et pietate affecti, cum ceteris huiusce generis societatibus, parenti nostrae
insigni et dilectae gratulationem non simulatam agimus, et vota conferimus ut
stabilita in annos floreat et praevalescat.

Datum. Londinii, Id, Iul. MCMXII et manu nostra et signo confirmatum,
ARTHUR COOPER, Praeses.
G, C. LLOYD, Secretarius.

LINNEAN. Socrety, LonpoN

Tue Linnean Soctery or Lonpon desires to present its congratulations to
the Royal Society of London oh the celebration of the two hundred and
fiftieth Anniversary of its foundation, on the completion of a period which
has witnessed so vast a development of the Sciences, and on the noble part
which the Society itself has borne in this boundless ‘ Improvement of Natural
Knowledge’. ‘The Linnean Society rejoices to recall, not only the many who
have been and are on the Rolls of both Societies, thereby constituting links
between the two, but also that Sir Joseph Banks, who took a large part in the
foundation of the Linnean Society, presided for forty-one years over the Royal
Society, and that the great Swedish naturalist whose name is borne by the
Linnean Society, was also a Foreign Member of the Royal Society.

Given under the Common Seal of the Society this Twentieth day of
June, 1912.
EDWARD B. POULTON, President.
B. DAYDON JACKSON

OTTO STAPF Secretaries.
GILBERT C. BOURNE

Lister INSTITUTE OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, LONDON

Prarsip1 SoparisusqveE Ixtxusrrissimar Socreratis Recaris REcENTEs,
Proressores, Sruprost 1v Cotiecio quop Lisrer Instirure or PREVENTIVE
MeEpicInE APPELLATUR S. P. D.—Libenter, viri doctissimi, litteras vestras
accepimus necnon summa erga vos voluntate quod, tot annis rite peractis in —

104 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

arcanis Naturae exquirendis, Sodalitatem vestram praeclaram, fortunatis
auspiciis conditam, tanta prudentia perfectam, celebrare velitis, Societati
Regali pro temporis opportunitate gratulamur. Nos qui sub auspiciis Lister
(hominis praeclarissimi et quondam Sodalitatis vestrae praesidis) abditas
causas, in quibus requiritur ex quibus principiis nostra corpora sint, quid
secundam quid adversam valetudinem faciat, patefacere laboramus, haud
immemores sumus illorum tam praeclarorum virorum, Boyle, Mayow, Hales,
Jenner, Young quorum nomina cum multis aliis necnon illustribus in fastis
Societatis vestrae inscripta sunt. Tanto desiderio, tanta in vos benevolentia
vehementer commoti, virum bonum, doctissimum Hxrnricum Roscor equitem,
per multos annos Concilio nostro praepositum, qui ipse praesens ad nostram
amicitiam praestandam feriis vestris intersit, legatum destinavimus. Floreat
in aeternum Societas Regalis penitus dilecta honoribus novis novisque inceptis

exornata !
HENRY E. ROSCOE, Praeses.

J. LUARD PATTISSON, Aerario Praefectus.
CHARLES J. MARTIN, Director.

MatTHeMAtTIcAL Soctery, Lonpon

Tue Lonpon Maruematicat Society, of whose duty it is part to elaborate
the instrument without which all pursuit of Natural Knowledge must finally
be futile, desires to offer humble congratulations on the attainment of her
two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary to the Royal Society. That this
Society may ever continue to be imbued with the reverent and enthusiastic
desire to unravel the secrets of Nature which has characterized all her most
distinguished Fellows, and may ever hold herself in readiness, untrammelled
by any too intimate relations with other institutions, to take her rightful
place in succeeding times of Renaissance, is the prayer of all the special
societies who own her pre-eminence. On behalf of the London Mathematical
Society :

H. F. BAKER, President.

July 16, 1912.

Mercers’ Company, Lonpon

To tHE PrestpENt, Counc, AND Frettows or THE Royat Socrery.—Tur
Mercers’ Company or Lonnon desire to offer to you the President, Council, and
Fellows of the Royal Society their sincere congratulations on the occurrence
of the 250th Anniversary of the incorporation of your Society, whose history
from its commencement has been an uninterrupted and glorious succession
of conquests over Nature, conquests differing from other conquests in that they

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 105

have been achieved, not by resistance to Nature, but by an ever increasing
knowledge of and obedience to her laws. It is a further subject for
congratulation that the true method by which these results have been
achieved, the method of experiment and test, which was from the first laid
down by your Society, was truly laid, and has since been universally acknow-
ledged. We acknowledge also the large share which, on a survey of your
successes, must be attributed to the principle represented by the words which
you have adopted as your motto and have so greatly fortified in action, the
principle of the independence of the human intellect.. We acknowledge it with
the more gratitude, since in supporting that principle you have conferred
benefits on mankind not limited to the particular subjects which you have
made more especially your own, We know, from the account which has been
preserved, the ideas which actuated the founders of your Society, and it is very
fitting that we of the present day, who can judge by the event the value of
those ideas, should join with you in celebrating, and render our respectful
homage to, the memory of those gifted men who formulated the principles and
laid down the lines of your work, though they could only prophetically foresee
the grandeur of the results to follow. May the Royal Society long continue
its glorious career to the increase of true knowledge, the honour of our nation,
and the welfare and happiness of the whole human race.

HORACE CULLEN, Master.
July, 1912. :

MINERALOGICAL Society, LONDON

Socreras Mrineraxoecica Socreratr Recau S. P. D.—Gratulamur Societati
vestrae quod annos ducentos et quinquaginta ab origine vestra feliciter
peractos mox estis celebraturi. Simul maximas gratias agimus quod scientias
illas quae ad terrae structuram minéralem pertinent auxilio vestro et hortatione
semper fovistis.

W. J. LEWIS, Praeses.
W.P. BEALE, Thesawrensis.

GEORGE T. PRIOR, Secretarius.
Datum Londini, die XVIIT mensis Iuniit, MCM_-XTII,

PHARMACEUTICAL Socrety, LONDON

Socreratis PuHarmMaceuticAE Macnar BriranniaE Pragses, Concitium,
Sopares Socreratt Recatr Salutem.—Gratulamur animo quam amicissimo
Societati vestrae illustrissimae doctissimaeque natalem ducentesimum quinqua-
gesimum celebranti, speramusque fore ut ita in posteros annos floreat ut cumu-

106 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

latis quae iam antea laudanda effecit, rerum naturae scientiam proferat atque
augeat, totiusque humani generis utilitatibus serviat. Illud quoque nobis
pergratum est recordari, quod Gulielmus ille Allen, qui primus fuit Societatis
Pharmaceuticae anno MDCCCXLI praeses, et ipse Societatis Regalis sodalis
fuit, quodque Societas Regalis semper et sua opera et aliis incitandis magno
fuit adiumento Societati nostrae, per hos septuaginta annos. id agenti ut
artium chemicae et pharmaceuticae scientia apud Britannos amplificaretur.
Datum Londinii, die ITI mensis Iuliit, MCM XII, pro Societate Pharmaceutica

Magnae Britanniae.
CHAS. B. ALLEN, Praeses.

Puysicat Society, Lonpon

To THE Presipent, Councit, AND FELLows or THE Roya. Sociery—Many
illustrious names have been inscribed on the roll of the Royal Society during
the 250 years which have elapsed since its foundation ; but none have added
a greater lustre to the fame of the Society and to the glory of their country
than those of the men who devoted themselves to the study of Physics,
Newton firmly planted the Tree of Science, Young, Joule, Faraday, Maxwell,
Stokes, and Lord Kelvin have spread its branches in many directions. May
we, therefore,—a young Society specially devoted to the study of Physics—pay
our warm tribute of regard and affection to the parent body whose members
have laid the foundation on which we are trying to build! May the record
of the Royal Society be as glorious in the future as it has been in the past,
and may she continue to possess the confidence and admiration of all who seek
the advancement of Natural Knowledge! On behalf of the Puysicat Socrery

oF Lonpon:

ARTHUR SCHUSTER, President.

W. DUDDELL, Treasurer.

SILVANUS P. THOMPSON, Foreign Secretary.
W. R. COOPER Siorabapae
Ss. W. J. SMITH ;

June, 1912.

Royat ANTHROPOLOGICAL INstTITUTE, LONDON

To THE Present, CounciL, AND FeLLows or THE Royat Sociery or Lonpon.
—We, the President, Council, and Fellows of the Royat ANTHROPOLOGICAL
Instirure oF Great Brrrain anp Ireanp, desire to offer to you our hearty
congratulations on the occasion of the completion of the two hundred and
fiftieth year of your glorious history. Your Society has during that long
period been the centre of scientific thought, the home of the most illustrious
workers and discoverers in science, the representative throughout the world

onic

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 107

of British scientific research and the constant and trusted adviser and almoner
of the Crown and the Government of the country in respect of all matters
relating to the progress of Science. Our Institute has less than seventy years’
record to look back upon, for the Ethnological Society of London, which forms
part of it, was founded in 1843, and the Anthropological Society of London,
which forms the other part of it, in 1863. The two Societies were combined in
1871, and it is to one who conferred lustre on your Society, our then President,
Thomas Henry Huxley, that that happy combination was due. We have
owed much to other great men who, belonging to your body, have devoted
themselves especially to the work of Anthropological Science, and have
presided over our Institute, Among these are George Busk, Francis Galton,
John Evans, John Beddoe, Augustus Franks, Augustus Pitt-Rivers, Daniel
Cunningham, and others who are departed, as well as Lord Avebury, Alexan-
der Macalister, Edward Burnet Tylor, and other distinguished members of
your body who happily remain withus. It is to one of the ornaments of your
Society—Charles Darwin—that the science of Anthropology owes its most
powerful inspiration. The Origin of Species and the Descent of Man
gave a new impulse and direction to the students of our science and formed
for them a fresh starting-point for laborious and fruitful investigation. We
have for many years felt the assured conviction that your body, as the
acknowledged leaders of scientific thought, had the most complete sympathy
with our work; that you viewed the growing development of it with cordial
satisfaction ; and that you had thus contributed much towards its successful
prosecution, It is accordingly with a special feeling of gratification that we
have deputed our President, Dr. A, P. Maunstay, to be our representative at
the Celebration of your auspicious Anniversary and to present to you in our
name this our Address of Congratulation.

ALFRED P, MAUDSLAY.
Dated the 11th day of June, 1912.

Royat Astronomical Society, LoNnpoN

Wes, the President, Vice-Presidents, and Council of the Royar AsrronoMIcAL
Society, desire to offer our most hearty congratulations to the Royal Society on
the celebration of the 250th Anniversary of its foundation, We would testify
to the unceasing efforts of the Royal Society to promote the advancement of
Natural Knowledge, which have eminently contributed to the present remark-
able development of the sciences and their application to technical and
industrial arts. Particularly do we desire to acknowledge the beneficial
influence of the Royal Society on the study of Astronomy evidenced by the
large number of important memoirs on Astronomical Science found in its
publications. We note with pride the long roll of distinguished Astronomers

108 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

who have been Fellows of the Society; and we are mindful that it was the
extensive progress of Astronomy made in Great Britain under the encourage-
ment of the Royal Society, which led to the formation of the Royal Astro-
nomical Society. We are confident that the Royal Society will in the future,
as in the past, continue to exercise the same fostering and effective influence
upon the progress and development of all branches of Natural Knowledge.

F. W. DYSON, President.

ARTHUR R. HINKS, Secretary.
June 14, 1912.

Royat GEOGRAPHICAL SocrETy, LONDON

To THE PRESIDENT AND Councit or THE Royat Sociery, FROM THE PRESIDENT
anv Councit or THE Royat Grocraruicat Socrery. Gentlemen,—On_ behalf
of the Council of the Royal Geographical Society, and as representing the
Fellows, I desire to convey to you our warmest congratulations on the occasion
of the celebration of the 250th Anniversary of the foundation of your Society.
It would be superfluous for me to point out the claims which the Royal
Society possesses upon the admiration and gratitude of all who have the
interests of scientific progress at heart. Through long years it was the only
Institution in this country devoted to the encouragement and publication of the
results of scientific research on purely disinterested lines, and without any hope
of reward, except the satisfaction which follows the successful search for truth.
The most illustrious names in all departments of Science have been connected
with the Royal Society from its foundation. From the very first every serious
research into any of the many aspects of the universe was welcomed by the
Society, and the results were impartially considered. In time, and largely due
to the action of the Royal Society, this work of scientific research became so
multifarious that other Societies grew up alongside the parent Society, and
co-operated in the common object of seeking after the truth, and attempting
to interpret the phenomena of the universe. In past generations the subject
with which the Society is directly concerned had its fair share of attention at
the hands of the Royal Society, many of whose Fellows were specialists in
Geography ; and the influence and example of the Royal Society have not been
without their effect in inducing British geographers to apply scientific methods
in an ever increasing degree to their own department of research. In
pursuing its work the Royal Society has rendered eminent services to the
Empire and to the world, and we confidently hope that in the future it will
continue to occupy the commanding position in Science which it has attained
in the past. On behalf of the Council and Fellows of the Royal Geographical
Society, I am, Gentlemen, Your obedient servant,

CURZON OF KEDLESTON, President R.G.S.

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 109

Roya Instirution oF Great Brirarn, LoNpoN

Tue Mempers oF tHE Royat Institution or Grear Brirain congratulate
the Royal Society of London on the occasion of the celebration of its two
hundred and fiftieth Anniversary, and wish the Society all prosperity and

success in the future.
DONALD W. C. HOOD,

Delegate of the Royal Institution of Great Britain.

21 Albemarle Street, London, W.
July 16th, 1912.

Royat MeEreoro.ioeicaL Society, Lonpon

To rue Roya Socrery, Lonpon.—WE, THE PresiDENT AND CouNCIL OF THE
Royat Mereroro.ocicat Society, desire to offer to the Royal Society our sincere
congratulations on the occasion of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of
its foundation. We are deeply sensible of the pre-eminent position which the
Royal Society has always held in the promotion of natural knowledge, and of
the beneficial influence it has exerted upon the advancement of learning and
also upon the scientific development of the technical and industrial arts, by its
unceasing efforts. We recognize with especial satisfaction the support which
the Royal Society has afforded to the science of Meteorology, as exemplified
particularly in the labours of the Meteorological Committee. Many names
eminent in meteorological science occur in the Roll of Fellowship of the
Royal Society, and the published records of the Society contain numerous
contributions of outstanding importance to our knowledge of the mechanics
and physics of the atmosphere. In congratulating the Royal Society upon
a long and brilliant record of past achievement we are assured that it will
continue in the future to take an equally important part in the progress of
all branches of science.

Given under the Seal of the Society, June 19th, 1912.

H. N. DICKSON, President.
FRANCIS CAMPBELL-BAYARD

W. F. CABORNE | Secretaries.

Royat Microscoricat Society, LONDON

Tue Councit AND Fettows or tHe Royat Microscoricat Socirry have
commissioned Henry Grorce Piimmer, a Fellow of the Royal Society, and
their own President, to act as their Delegate at the 250th Anniversary of the
foundation of the Royal Society. They have desired him to convey the

110 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

heartiest greetings and congratulations of one of the younger of its daughters
to the Royal Society on this the occasion of its 250th Anniversary, and thus
to testify to the honour and respect in which they hold the great Mother
of the Learned Societies. Signed on behalf of the Royal Microscopical
Society, by

H. G. PLIMMER, President.

WYNNE E. BAXTER, Treasurer.

JNO. EYRE

F. SHILLINGTON SCALES | Seoretaries

Royau Sociery or Arts, Lonpon

Tue Roya. Society ror THE ENcouraGEMENT oF Arts, MANUFACTURES,
AND Commerce welcomes the opportunity which has been afforded to it of
offering its warm congratulations and best wishes to the Royal Society on
the 250th Anniversary of its foundation. Among the many services which
the Royal Society has rendered to this country and to Science in general,
one—not the least—has been that in proportion as the increase of knowledge
has rendered necessary special and separate study of each branch of in-
vestigation, the Society has been instrumental in the formation of fresh
Associations for this purpose, while itself maintaining a general interest in
the whole field of progress and discovery. The Society of Arts, in whose
foundation a century and a half ago several Fellows of the Royal Society
took a prominent part, has from its commencement looked :to the Royal
Society as the parent of such Associations in this country, no less than the
model for similar combinations abroad, and congratulates itself on the close
connexion between the two Societies, which has been maintained throughout
its existence by the presence in its ranks of many distinguished Fellows of
the Royal Society. The Council have had pleasure in deputing their Caarmman
to represent them among the distinguished crowd of Delegates who have
come from all countries of the world to take part in the celebration of this
auspicious Anniversary, and they desire to express their earnest hope that
the future may have in store for the first and greatest of English Scientific
Societies achievements no less illustrious and beneficial to mankind than those
which are recorded in its past history. Sealed with the Seal of the Royal
Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce in the
presence of

SANDERSON, Chairman of the Council.

H. T. WOOD, Secretary to the Society.
5th November, 1912.

—..

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 111

Po
\

Roya Society or Mepicine, Lonpon

Tue Royat Soctery or Mepicine.—The President, Council, and Fellows
of the Royal Society of Medicine very heartily congratulate the President,
Council, and Fellows of the Royal Society on the completion of two hundred
and fifty years spent in the execution of the very important duties with which
it is entrusted. A Society which has for its object the improvement of the
Art and Science of Medicine in all its branches, towards which improvement
the advancement in knowledge in various other Sciences so largely contributes,
cannot but take the warmest interest in the continued prosperity and use-
fulness of the Royal Society, especially as there were among the original
members of that Society several Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians
of London, and as moreover several of its Presidents have been Fellows
either of that College or of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. In
former times when the power of Analysis had outrun the means of obtaining
knowledge, natural Philosophy and Metaphysics and the analysis of Sense
and the analysis of Thought were hopelessly confused by the attempt to
solve them, not through an appeal to facts, but by the help of general
theories respecting the nature of the Universe. In the philosophy of
Antiquity the meaning of the word ‘Science’ could scarcely be explained
to students, except from the mathematical sciences, which alone offered the
type of Universality and Certainty, Geometry was regarded as the pro-
paedeutic to philosophy. Somewhat of this view perhaps lingered at the
time when those who afterwards gave birth to the Royal Society had ‘a
designe of founding a Colledge for the promoting of Physico-Mathematicall-
Experimentall Learning’, But the Royal Society—having arisen out of the
‘Invisible College’ of which Boyle the disciple of Francis Bacon (both of
imperishable fame) speaks in sundry letters, having been granted a Charter
on July 15th, 1662, by Charles II, mathematical pupil of Hobbes, and
having adopted as its title the name first applied to it by the celebrated
diarist Evelyn—directed its inquiries, particularly, to what was then called
the ‘New Philosophy’ or ‘Experimental Philosophy’ ‘for the improving of
natural knowledge by experiments’, True to its origin and history, the
Royal Society still elects Princes of the Blood, and persons selected by the
Council from among men distinguished in walks of life other than Science ;
whilst by the restrictions made during the presidency of Sir Joseph Banks,
and subsequently, the number of Candidates recommended for election has
been limited to fifteen annually. Concurrently with this restriction of the
Fellowship, Science has grown enormously; and as a consequence, other
Scientific Societies have been established, some under the auspices of several
Fellows of the Royal Society and by Royal Charter, some independently of
either of these advantages, but all active in the promotion of special branches

112 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

of Science. The Royal Society is 144 years younger than the Royal
College of Physicians of London, but it is the oldest exclusively scientific
body in Great Britain, and one of the oldest in Europe. That it may
continue in the successful performance of its various functions as the promoter
of scientific investigations and researches, as the adviser of the Government
in connexion with national scientific works, and as the administrator of
Government grants and trust funds for experiments and for the publication
not only of its own invaluable T'ransactions and Proceedings but also of
scientific papers issued through other channels, is the earnest wish of the
Royal Society of Medicine, which shares with other learned bodies the honour
and special pleasure of taking part in the festivities of this Commemoration.

HENRY MORRIS, President.
July 15th, 1912.

Roya SratisticaL Society, LoNpDoN

To THE Present, Councit, AND Fettows or THE Royat Socrery.— WE, THE
PresipeNt aND Covuncrt, representing the general body of Fellows of THe
Royat Srartisticat Socrery, desire to present to the President, Council, and
Fellows of the Royal Society on the occasion of the two hundred and fiftieth
Anniversary of its foundation, our sincere congratulations and greetings.
We are proud to claim association with your illustrious Society, not only
because in the pursuit of exact knowledge we look to you for guidance and
inspiration, but also because since the earliest days the Royal Statistical
Society has received the active support of many who are eminent in Science.
We recall with satisfaction that among the great names which adorn your
roll are included those of many of our Presidents, while other Fellows of our
Society intimately associated with our aims and activities, have added to
their distinction as Statisticians the lustre of the Fellowship of the Royal
Society. Among our Presidents the names of Lord John Russell, Lord
Houghton, William Newmarch, Dr. William Farr, Dr. Guy, Lord Goschen,
Sir Robert Giffen, Lord Avebury are prominent; while our list of Treasurers
includes Henry Hallam and George Richardson Porter. It is of interest also
to record that Charles Richard Weld, the historian of the Royal Society, was
at one time Assistant Secretary to the Royal Statistical Society. On the
maintenance of your high traditions and the continuance of your labours
depend in a large degree the future welfare and greatness of our nation.
Now more than ever must your researches, by their breadth, by their
penetration, by their originality, give an impulse to the force and variety
of our national life. Great, however, as is your national mission, there is
a greater still; for Science recognizes no geographical frontiers nor is
national advancement alone its incentive. Your high ideals touch the
welfare of all mankind, and your labours are illumined by the whole

—e

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 118

firmament of Knowledge. It is because, in our more modest sphere of work,
we too are guided by the same standards and inspired by the same ideals
that we offer our sincere congratulations on this memorable occasion.

Given under the Common Seal of The Royal Statistical Society, 11th

July, 1912.
F. Y. EDGEWORTH, President.

RICHARD B. MARTIN, Treasurer.

R. H. REW
G. UDNY YULE | Honorary Secretaries.
A. W. FLUX

ZooLocicaL Society, Lonpon

Tur Councit anp Frettows oF THE Zootocicat Socrery or Lonpon send

greetings to the Royal Society. They have commissioned Sm HeErsranp

Arruor Russert, Duxe or Beprorp, Knight of the Most Honourable Order of
the Garter, Fellow of the Royal Society, and their own President, to act as their
delegate at the celebration of the 250th Anniversary of the foundation of
the Royal Society and to testify to the honour and respect in which they hold
this great instrument for the advancement of natural knowledge. Signed for
the Council of the Zoological Society of London :

BEDFORD, President.

P. CHALMERS MITCHELL, Secretary.
July 15, 1912.

BririsH ASSOCIATION FOR. THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE

To roe Present aNnp Councit or THE Royat Soctery.— WE, THE PRESIDENT
AND Councit oF THE British AssocIaATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE,
offer our cordial congratulations to the Royal Society on the occasion of the
celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the foundation of
the Society. The British Association, since its birth in 1851, has been
constantly in close relations with the Society. The great majority, not only
of those who took the leading parts in the foundation of the Association, but
of those who have filled its presidential chair, besides many others to whose
earnest co-operation the success of its Annual Meetings has been due, have
been Fellows of the Society. We would express the hope that the Society
may continue to prosper, and may always maintain that pre-eminent position
which is the fitting reward of its labours. Signed on behalf of the Council :

WILLIAM RAMSAY, President.
July, 1912.

114 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

CAMBRIDGE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY

Wuereas on the eighth day of January of the year 1912 the President,
Council, and Fellows of the Royal Society invited the President and Council
of the Camsrincr Parrosopuicat Socrery to send a representative to be
in London on the fifteenth day of July following at the celebration to be then
held of the two hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of the foundation of the
Royal Society, now the President and Council of the Cambridge Philosophical
Society hereby appoint their President, Sir Grorcr Howarp Darwin, Knight
Commander of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath, Plumian Professor of
Astronomy and Experimental Philosophy in the University of Cambridge, and
Fellow of Trinity College in the same University, to be their representative
on this occasion and to bear to the President, Council, and Fellows of the
Royal Society their felicitations on the long-continued and illustrious services
to science of the Society. The Fellows of the Philosophical Society desire to
avail themselves of the present opportunity of expressing their pride in the
fact that, from the days of Newton, members of the University of Cambridge
and in later times of their Society have always borne an important part in the
beneficent work of the Royal Society.

Sealed this siath day of July, 1912.
yaa G. H. DARWIN, President.

E. W. BARNES, Secretary.

MANCHESTER LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL Socirery

Prarsipt Consmio Soparius Socreraris Recaris pro Screnria Natura.
PromovenpDA ANNUM CCL suum FELICITER CELEBRANTIS S. P. D. Socreras
Lrrreraria er Purtosopnica Mancuntrensis.—Etsi vix omnibus persuadebit
poeta qui censebat

in magnis et voluisse sat est,

tamen cum praeclaros Societatis vestrae annales per tot iam saecula florentis
spectemus, nostrae certe non ingrata laus erit si quis nos voluisse iudicaverit,
quantum quidem intra provinciam nostram fieri posset, insistere vestigiis
vestris. Nec sine gloria quadam propria nobis, qui usque ad hune diem
Daltonii illius domum habitamus, recordari licet et Daltonium ipsum et
Toulium—quibus quae nomina in rebus physicis magis illustria ?—communes
socios vestri et nostri corporis fuisse, nec non inter nos, ut inter familiares suos,
aliquanto prius reperta sua quemque esse confessos. Nonne enim, ut cecinit
Salomo, ‘ceu ferrum ferro, sic ab amico exacuitur amici facies’? Nos certe si
quid unquam boni in medium conferre vel poterimus vel potuimus, inde id

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 115

nobis contigerit quod vestro exemplo instincti doctos viros et naturae
investigatores singulos ac solos laborare non patimur, sed in sociorum convivia,
in rationis commercia attrahere conamur. Sit de nobis quoque dictum, ut a
Vergilio olim cum Roma Mantuam comparante,

sic canibus catuli similes, sic matribus haedi,

dummodo quis hoc pro certo habeat nos haedos, quanquam iam et ipsi per
centum et triginta annorum cursum saltavimus, victorias ac triumphos vestros,
velut parentis, summo semper gaudio revereri, feriasque vestras hoc tempore
laetissime celebrare. Et in tanto hoc populo, cuius necessitates in dies acrius
Scientiae exauctae opem ante omnia implorant, diu vobis excitare ac ducere
liceat magnum istum exercitum quaerentium veritatem. Horum ergo votorum
nuntium, Praesidem nostrum dilectum, artis botanicae acerrimum Professorem,
Frepericum Ernestum Wess, a vobis benigne vocati delegavimus qui vobis
ipse laetantibus laetitiam nostram repraesentet.

F. E. WEISS, Praeses.

R. L. TAYLOR

GEORGE HICKLING.
Datum Mancunii, ex aedibus Daltonianis, Kal. lul. MDCCCCXTII.

Secretarii.

ASHMOLEAN NatruraL Hisrory Socrery or OxFrorDSHIRE

Tue AsHMoLean Naturat History Socrery or Oxrorpsuire sends heartiest
congratulations to the Royal Society on the celebration of the 250th
Anniversary of its foundation. It begs to express its profound admiration
for the great part the Royal Society has played in the extensive development
of Natural Knowledge, and in the enormous advancement of the beneficial and
industrial Arts, during those 250-years, and thanks the Royal Society for
the stimulus and encouragement it has always afforded to other Societies,
throughout the Empire, by its splendid example in the field of research. For
these reasons the Ashmolean Natural History Society of Oxfordshire, thus
named in memory of Elias Ashmole, one of the earliest Fellows of the Royal
Society, desires herewith to offer its humble homage and greeting.

ARTHUR A. RAMBAUT, President and Delegate.

Society oF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY

To tHe Presment, Councir, AnD Members or THE Roya. Socrery.—THE
PreEsIDENT AND CouncIL oF THE Sociery or Cuemicat Inpustry offer to the
Royal Society their most hearty congratulations on the attainment of the two
hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of its foundation and have nominated to

12

116 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

represent them on this happy occasion Rupotrw Messet, their President. At
no time in the history of experimental science has there been any hard and fast
line dividing science from its applications, and the President and Council of
the Society of Chemical Industry recognize with pride that among the Fellows
of the Royal Society have been found some of the most brilliant examples the
world has seen of the genius which, while it seeks and grasps the highest
generalizations, is at the same time intensely alive to the applications of
science in arts and manufactures, As the oldest chartered scientific society in
this country and the mother of many daughter societies, the Royal Society
rouses the sympathy and admiration of all followers of applied science
throughout the world. The Society of Chemical Industry cannot forget that
it owed much of its early success to the timely support of Fellows of the Royal
Society: the Right Honourable Sir Henry Roscoe, its first President; Sir
Frederick Abel, Sir Lowthian Bell, Sir William Perkin, Sir William Siemens,
Dr. Angus Smith, Mr. Walter Weldon, Prof. A. W. Williamson, and Dr.
James Young, its first Vice-Presidents ; and Capt. W. de W. Abney, Sir
William Crookes, Dr. Peter Griess, and Dr. Hermann Sprengel, Members of its
first Council. When the Society of Chemical Industry opened its doors to men
of every country and every race, the Royal Society at once welcomed this
manifestation of the brotherhood of Science, and marked its appreciation of the
great importance of such international exchanges of courtesy and scientific
opinion by the.new departure of a reception to the Society and its members
who had come across the sea. In industrial production the gain of one nation
may be the loss of another, but the victories of science stand alone in that
there is no enemy to vanquish but ignorance, and its conquests are for the gain
and enrichment of the whole human race. The increased power over nature
won by the work of Davy and Faraday, of Rumford, and of Rutherford gives
no exclusive gain to any one country, The Royal Society and the Society
of Chemical Industry have a common object in improving and increasing
natural knowledge, and the future condition of mankind, both intellectually
and materially, depends upon the growth and activity of scientific Societies,
The organized and systematic application of science to industry is still far
from complete. The Society of Chemical Industry looks to the Royal Society .
to continue to bestow upon its work the interest and encouragement which
have been so fully granted in the past. In wishing for the Royal Society
continued and increasing prosperity, the President and Council trust that the
cordial relations existing between the Societies may be maintained and result
in a more extended co-operation.

RUDOLPH MESSEL, President.
THOMAS TYRER, T’reasurer.
CHARLES G. CRESSWELL, Secretary.

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 117

SCOTLAND
UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN

Socreratis Reeauis Prarstpr Concii10 Sopatisus Universrras ABERDONENSIS
Salutem.—Societatem Regalem praeclarissimam per annos fere ducentos quin-
quaginta durasse omnibus saltem quotquot minimam scientiam habent probe
notum est. Neque iustum esset si talis occasio silentio praetermitteretur, prae-
sertim ab Universitatibus Britannicis. Per ea enim quae ad inlustrandam
rerum naturam sodales vestri contulerunt doctrina nostra quotannis increbruit.
Nos vero, qui adulescentes informare conamur, oblivisci nequimus vos semper
quicquid boni operis in eorum studiis inveneritis summopere fovisse, et eodem
tempore quinque professores nostros inter vestros socios esse adscriptos
gloriari oportet. Itaque summa voluptate Vice-Cancellarium nostrum, virum
admodum reverendum, Grorcium Apam Smirx, D.D., LL.D., Litt. D., qui
gaudium nostrum praesentia sua testetur, legare constituimus.

STRATHCONA, Cancellarius.
Datum Aberdoniae, vicesimo quinto die mensis Iunii, MOM XII.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH

Socierat Recau S. P. D. Universrras Acapemica EprnsurcEnsis.—Societa-
tem Regalem cum ceteris ubique Universitatibus nos quoque, Universitas
Edinburgensis, iam pridem veneramur et magni facimus, ut omnis Scientiae
praeclarissimam inventricem et altricem. Multarum illa quidem instar
Universitatum est, multa in fastis suis nomina habet eorum virorum qui
maximo ingenio praediti, veritatis investigandae acerrimi cultores, plurimum
generi humano profuerint, Newton, Humphry Davy, Faraday, Darwin,
Lister, Kelvin, ut pauca tantum et praecellentia e multis enumeremus, Annum
ducentesimum quinquagesimum ita implevit Societas vestra ut nullo saeculo
quicquam magni in Scientia novatum et in melius provectum sit cuius illa expers
fuerit. Videmus haud minus hodie florentem quam his tot annis praeteritis,
diuque ut floreat optamus: diu rerum naturam indagantibus viam praemonstret
novosque ad nova incepta animos inspiret; sint futuris quoque temporibus
permulti qui digni sint ut in ordinem istum tam praeclarum adscribantur.

WiILHELMUS TURNER, Praeses.
L. J. GRANT, Secretarius Senatus Academici.

Dabamus Edinburgi, mense Iulio, anno Salutis Nostrae MCM XII.

118 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW

“Ap Socreratis Recauis PrarsipemM, Concitium, SopaLes.—UNIvERsITAs
Grascuensis salutem sibi a vobis humanissime impertitam perlibenter reddit.
Et grato animo officii gratiam accipere iuvat, quod nos in consortium tantae
sollemnitatis vocare dignati estis, et eum praecipue ad vos legare cuius vel ex
auctoritate eluceat quanti honoris hunc diem habeamus. Magnus enim sane
ille dies qui quinquagesimum lustrum claudit ex quo nobile illud sapientum
sodalicium, iusti non sine libertate imperii instaurati specimen, regiis auspiciis
inchoatum est. Et proprium quoddam nobis gaudium inde percipere licet
quod illorum vestrorum luminum et satis multa et satis clara se educavisse
haec nostra academia profiteri potest. Placuit igitur vir. cl. Donatpum
MacAuisrer, Praesidem nostrum et Vicecancellarium, plurimarumque eundem
ipsum artium antistitem, vobis hisce litteris commendatum mittere, qui et
nostris verbis et suo iure vobis de amplissima qua adhuc floruistis laude et de
profectus venturi spe auspicatissima, praesens gratuletur.

Dabamus Glasguae, mens. Iul. anno MCM XII.

GEORGIUS MILLIGAN, Senatus Academici Scriba.

UNIVERSITY oF St. ANDREWS

Socreratis Recaris Praxstp1 Concitio“er Sopatisus Universtras ANDREANA
S. P. D.—Non sine gaudio neque alieno a vobis animo acceperamus, viri
doctissimi et amicissimi, ferias vos hoc anno acturos esse natalicias Societatis
vestrae ducentesimas quinquagesimas, quibus ut intersit legavimus Scientiarum
Facultatis nostrae Decanum, [acosum CoLquHoun Irving, Scientiae Chemicae
Professorem. Scilicet vix ullam Universitatem esse arbitramur quae benevolen-
tius magisque ex animo Societatem vestram salutare debeat, cum apud nos
litteris et philosophiae operam dederit Robertus Murray qui primus vobis
praefuit et quem Societatis vestrae Animam vir summus Christian. Huygens
appellavit. Nec defuerunt qui postera aetate e vestro numero apud nos quoque
de scientiis bene meruerint, e quibus iuvat nomina apponere Davidis Brewster,
Collegii S. Salvatoris et S. Leonardi apud Andreanos Praefecti, et Domini
Playfair de St. Andrews, qui quam diligenter in scientiis promovendis elabora-
rint omnibus notum est. Nihil dicimus de iis quos his temporibus e nostro
numero in vestram Societatem adscivistis, cum eos vobis satis cognitos et pro-
batos certo sciamus. Vetera sane inter vos nosque vincula sunt et studiorum
velut consanguinitas; optamus igitur et precamur ut vestra Societas, sicut
adhuce floruit, haud minus in posterum floreat semper et vigescat.

IACOBUS DONALDSON, Vicecancellarius.
Dabamus Andreapoli, mense Iulio, MCM XII.

ee

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CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 119

Roya Society or EpINBuRGH

To rue Royat Socrery or Lonpon.—Tue Presipent anp FELtows oF THE
Royat Socrery or Epinzurcu desire to offer their congratulations to the
Royal Society of London upon the attainment of the two hundred and
fiftieth Anniversary of its foundation. Founded for the purpose of ‘ further
promoting by the authority of experiments the science of natural things and
of useful arts’, the Royal Society of London has with increasing zeal and
power continued to fulfil its high calling, and commands in the world of

_ scientific endeavour a position peculiarly its own. The Royal Society of

Edinburgh recalls with pride and satisfaction that since its own foundation in
1783 there has always existed between the two Societies a close association,
based not only on community of aim and interests, but in great measure
also upon community of membership. Scientific men of eminence have served
on the Councils, and contributed to the publications, of both Societies ;
and each Society can claim the late Lord Kelvin as one of the most renowned
of its Presidents. At this time the personal connexion is happily exemplified
by the fact that the distinguished President of the Royal Society of London
has been a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh for fully half a century.
May the important work which the Royal Society of London has achieved
in the past be continued and extended, during many centuries to come, to
the furtherance of natural knowledge and the progress of humanity.

WM. TURNER, President.

C. G. KNOTT, Secretary.
July, 1912.

Royat PuritosornicaL Socrety or GLascow

Tue Roya Puitosornicat Socrery or Guascow to THE Roya Socrery or
Lonpon ror THE ADVANCEMENT oF Natura KnowLepcr.—We, the Members
of the Royal Philosophical Society of Glasgow, desire to express our gratifica-
tion at the courteous invitation to take part in celebrating the two hundred
and fiftieth Anniversary of the foundation of the Royal Society of London,
and our heartiest congratulations on the uninterrupted and. pre-eminently
fruitful activity of the Society over a period of such duration, Scientific
Societies and Learned Bodies of all nations are bound and indebted in many
ways to the Royal Society ; for leadership in scientific thought, for encour-
agement of research, and for an unsparing hand in the dissemination of
knowledge. Since its inception the history of the progress of the Royal
Society has been largely the history of the advancement of science: the long

120 THE ROYAL ‘SOCIETY

Roll of its Fellows bears the names of almost all the illustrious men of two
and a half centuries. Many of these we can recall whose names have adorned
our own Roll, and we cherish with peculiar satisfaction the recollection that
the late Lord Kelvin, during wellnigh sixty years, gave liberally of the
offspring of his great genius to forward the interests of both societies. We
also recall with pride that on the celebration of the Centenary of our Society
in 1902 we were honoured by a cordial greeting from the Royal Society—the
Mother and the Model of all the learned societies in the English-speaking
world. It is our earnest hope that the Royal Society may long continue,
with ever fresh ardour and increasing power, to sea on its great work for
the advancement of knowledge.

Signed on behalf of the Members of the Royal Philosophical Society of

Glasgow, this second day of July, Nineteen hundred and twelve.

JOHN GLAISTER, President.

IRELAND

University oF Dusiin (Trintry COLLEGE)

Socrerat: Rectar Universitas Dusrinensis 8. P. D.—Societas vestra, viri
doctissimi, quae rerum naturalium investigatoribus, tamquam sol, in regno
nostro lucem et calorem praebet, vim beneficam tamdiu et tam efficaciter
exercet ut vix animo concipere possimus olim, neque multis abhine annis si
vitam nationis quis consideret, eam non esse exortam. Sed cum invitatio
vestra benignissima venerat ut gaudii vestri participes essemus quo quartam
partem millennii naviter et feliciter peractam celebraturi estis, recordati sumus
quanta et qualia in brevi spatio animus excelsus, improbi laboris prodigus,
veritatis amore instinctus efficere possit. Gratis animis agnoscimus nullam
esse rerum naturae partem quae non manum adiutricem Societatis vestrae
senserit, sive quis ad extremos mundi fines iverit ut ad Arctoum polum via
pateret, sive maris altitudines rimatus sit ut quae ibi latitarent plantae atque
animalia cognoscerentur, sive ad coelum oculorum verterit obtutum ut transi-
tiones planetarum ibi dispicerentur. Quid? opere vestro vetus cohors
febrium plane fugata est et morborum vis malefica sensim in dies debilitatur ;
denique in omni genere laboris beneficentia vestra munere suo salutari semper
fungitur. Meminisse iuvat inter auctores Societatis vestrae fuisse Robertum
Boyle nostratem, multosque Hiberniae filios in Albo Sociorum vestrorum
inscriptos esse, inter quos praecipuo honore nominandus est unus e Praesidibus
vestris illustrissimis Gulielmus Thomson, Baro Kelvin, cuius infantia coelum
hausit Hibernicum. Laeti igitur libentesque vobis gratulationes et grates
agimus, et delegamus virum doctum e coetu nostro eundemque coetui vestro
iamdudum adscriptum, paene tam vobis dilectum quam nobis, IoHaNNEM

CELEBRATION ADDRESSES 121

Jory, Scientiae Doctorem, Geologiae Professorem in his aulis, qui feriis vestris
adsit vobisque et nostro et suo nomine omnia bona fausta felicia ex animo
precetur. Valete.

IVEAGH, Cancellarius,
ANTHONY TRAILL, M.D., Praepositus Collegii SS. Trinitatis,
Dublinii, in Collegio SS. Trinitatis, mense Iulio, A.S. MCM XII.

Roya Irish AcapEMy, DuBLiIn

Socreratr Reciar AcapemiA ReciA Hizernica S. P. D.—Cum iam, viri
doctissimi, post annos ducentos quinquaginta feliciter peractos Societas
vestra illustris optimo iure ferias plusquam saeculares habitura sit, laeti
libentes invitationem vestram benignam accepimus qua nos quoque in partem
gaudii vestri vocavistis, utpote qui vobis non solum studiorum et naturae
similitudine simus consociati sed etiam vinculis quibusdam propriis constricti.
Nam ad exemplum vestrum saeculo X VIII° fundata est Academia nostra, unde
utrisque nobis Prid. Kal. Decembr. quotannis dies est prae ceteris sollemnis :
porro Ioseph Banks, Eques auratus, Societatis vestrae Praeses in diplomate
constitutionum nostrarum inter primos sodales nostros nominatus est, et
Praesides vestri propter coronam tantam illis a vobis collatam inter sodales
nostros honoris causa merito sunt semper adscripti. Quanta beneficia generi
humano semper et ubique contuleritis in scientia rerum promovenda, in ignora-
tione removenda, gratis animis cum toto orbe terrarum agnoscimus; neque
immemores sumus nosmet ipsos munificentia vestra esse nuper adiutos cum
opus magni laboris suscepimus, scilicet in Hibernia Occidentali rerum natura-
lium perlustrationem accuratam. ~ Nulla est sane maior hominibus voluptas
quam gaudere cum gaudentibus, praecipue cum, sicut vos et nos, multis
amicitiae necessitudinibus sunt inter se coniuncti. Itaque invitatio vestra
nobis maximae est laetitiae, et vobis commendamus virum doctum in coetu
tam vestro quam nostro inscriptum, IonaANNEM ALExANDRUM McCLELLanp,
Scientiae Doctorem, ab Actis Academiae, Professorem Rerum Naturalium in
Collegio Universitatis Dublinensis, qui feriarum vestrarum celebrationi adsit
et Academiae gratulabundae et vobis grates gratiasque habentis personam
tam laete quam sincere gerat. Valete.

J. P. MAHAFFY, Praeses Academiae.
LOUIS C. PURSER, Ab Actis Concilit Academici.
Dublinii, in domo Academica, a. d. IV. Idus Iulias, A. S. MCMXTII.

122 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

Royat Dusuin Socrery

Tue Roya Dustin Socrery ro THE Royat Socrery or Lonpon Greeting.—
The President and Council of the Royat Dustin Socrery heartily join in
congratulating the Royal Society of London on the attainment of the two
hundred and fiftieth Anniversary of its foundation. Great has been the
progress of science since the Society under Royal auspices undertook the task
of improving natural knowledge, and the Fellows may well look with pride
upon the conspicuous part they have taken in winning from Nature her well-
guarded secrets. We earnestly hope that the Royal Society may continue its
beneficent labours with increasing success, ever widening the bounds of know-
ledge and extending man’s control over Nature.

Given under our Common Seal at Leinster House, Dublin, this first day of
August, 1912.
HOWARD GRUBB, Vice-President.

QUEEN’s UNIVERSITY OF BELFAST

To rHe PresipENr AND FELLows oF THE Royat Society or Lonpox.—Wer,
THE CHANCELLOR AND MEMBERS OF THE QUEEN’s Universrry or BELFastT, desire
to convey our congratulations on the occasion of this your Fifth Jubilee, and,
with our elders in learning, to acknowledge the blessings which your example
and generous endeavour have bestowed upon the commonwealth of Science.
The Virtuosi of Gresham College planned with confidence in their purpose and
in their successors. Within five years the poet’s compliment that your Society
was ‘worthy a history’ found proof in the memorable record of your first
efforts ‘to increase the Powers of all Mankind’. At this remove it is our
privilege to do honour to a great tradition, and to see in that tradition less
the pride of accomplishment than the continuing promise of ‘ransom to the
mind of man’.

Signed in name of the University, on the fifteenth day of July, one thousand
nine hundred and twelve.

SHAFTESBURY, Chancellor.

II. TELEGRAMS AND LETTERS

I FROM FOREIGN MEMBERS AND OTHER MEN OF
SCIENCE ABROAD

Proressor Emu Fiscuer, University of Berlin, Foreign Member of the Royal
Society—Zum Jubelfeste beehre ich mich der Royal Society herzlichen
Gliickwunsch darzubringen.— Enix Fiscuer.

Proressor Henprix Antoon Lorenrz, For. Memb. R.S., and Proressor Van-
DESANDE Baxuuysen, both of the University of Leyden.—Hearty wishes for
lasting prosperity and glorious future.—VanpEsanDE BakuuyzEN, Lorentz.

Proressor Crement A, Tririazerr, University of Moscow, For. Memb. R.S.
—Accept warmest congratulations to the fifth jubilee of the Society’s glorious
career.— TIMIRIAZEFF.

Proressor C. WirHELM Réntcen, University of Munich.—Leider gestattet
meine Gesundheit nicht nach London zu reisen; ich bitte der Royal Society

meinen Dank und die herzlichsten Gliickwiinsche zu iiberbringen.—WiILHELM
Ro6yrcen.

Proressor Puree A. Gurr, University of Geneva.—Empéché & mon vif
regret de prendre part au brillant anniversaire Royal Society, je prie son
Président et ses membres d’agréer mes félicitations les plus sincéres et mes
voeux les plus cordiaux.—Professeur Puitirre Guye.

Il. FROM UNIVERSITIES, ACADEMIES, &c.

Universiry or Graz.—Universifas literarum Graecensis gratulatur ex animo.
—Haukeg, Rector,

Bonemian Kanrt-Ferpinanp Universtry or Pracur.—Si,—I am very sorry
to be prevented by official duties from personally taking part in the Celebration
of the 250th Anniversary of the Royal Society.

I beg to heartily congratulate you and the Royal Society in the name of
the Bohemian University of Prague, adding my own sincere wishes for
the continued prosperity of the Royal Society, of which you are the President.
I remain, Sir, very truly yours, F. Vespovsxy.

University or Sorn1a.—University of Sophia congratulates the Society at
its jubilee and wishes it a still more glorious future in intensive and
scientific work.—Rector Jurmuircu,

Tue Prusstan MINISTER OF Epvcation, Bertin.—Der Royal Society, die
wihrend eines Vierteljahrtausends durch ihre beriihmten Mitglieder und

124 THE ROYAL SOCIETY

ihre bedeutenden Arbeiten die Wissenschaft hervorragend geférdert hat,
spreche ich zu ihrer Jubelfeier die herzlichsten Wiinsche der Preussischen
. Unterrichtsverwaltung aus.—Preussischer Kultusminister, Von Trorr zu Soxz.

Universitry or Papua.—Celeberrimae isti Societati Regali natalem suum
ducentesimum et quinquagesimum omnium cum plausu peragenti Rector
et Sodales Universitatis Patavinae uno consensu gratulantur, ut omnia
bene fausteque eveniant auspicantes adprecantes.—Rector, Rosst.

Universiry or Pisa.—Presidente, Royal Society, London: Dispiacente che
il Prof. Nasini non possa recarsi costa prego V. S. accogliere nome questo
Ateneo i voti piti fervidi per la prosperita di cotesta benemerita Associazione.—
Rettore, Surrno.

MarcursE A. DE Grecorto, Vice-President of the Sicilian Society of
Natural Sciences.—In the happy anniversary of the constitution of the Royal
Society, I have the honour to send to you (who are the honoured President)
the homages of our Societa Siciliana of Natural Sciences, of which I am the
Vice-President. I pray you to accept my best regards and believe me, Yours
very truly, Anronio pe GREcorRIO.

Bercen Musrum.—Bergens Museum, grateful for the Society’s important
contributions to the world’s scientific progress during 250 years, sends its hearty
congratulations to the jubilee with best wishes for the future—Kz1aus Hansen,
Jens Hormzor.

Unversity or Dorrat.—Université Jouriew (Dorpat) présente ses félicita-
tions et veeux de prospérité.—Der La rvE JAROTZKI.

Imprriat Universrry or Kasan.—Die memorabili quem Societas Regalis
Londinensis in scientia promovenda natalem 1912 celebrat Universitas Caesarea
Casanensis vota ei sincera mittit: floreat, in dies crescat, scientiam ad maiorem
patriae laudem fortiter promoveat clarissima Societas Regalis——Pro Rectore
Universitatis, 'Tonkorr.

Russtan Ceyrrat Caamper or Weicuts anp Merasures.—The Central
Chamber of Weights and Measures, founded by the late Foreign Member of
Royal Society, Mendeleeff, considers it as its duty to congratulate on the
occasion of the fifth jubilee, and expresses the hope that also in future the
Royal Society will flourish as highest authority promoting science and human
prosperity.— Director, Ecororr.

University or Cuicaco.—University Chicago extends Royal Society cordial
congratulations upon anniversary. Its distinguished membership includes men
whose achievements are pride of English-speaking race. University expresses
appreciation of their high accomplishment by sending Professor Frost as
delegate.—Jupson.

University or QuEENsLAND.—Chancellor, Queensland University, sends
greetings Royal Society.

INDEX

A.

Aberdeen University, Delegate from, 20.

Adelaide University, Delegate from, 17.

Africa, South, Delegates from, 18 ; Address
from Royal Society of South Africa, 87.

Agram University, Address from, 32.

Aligarh, Delegate from, 18.

Allahabad University, Delegate from, 18.

American Academy, Boston, Delegate from,
17; Address from, 77.

American Mathematical Society, New York,

Delegate from, 17 ;

>» National Academy (Washington),
Address from, 79.

rv Philosophical Society, Phila-
delphia, Delegate from, 17;
Address from, 78.

Amsterdam, Delegates from, 15; Address
from University, 54; Address from Royal
Academy of Sciences, 57.

Antiquaries, Delegate from Society of, 19 ;
Address from, 96.

Ashmolean Society of Oxfordshire, Delegate
from, 20; Address from, 115. :

Asiatic Society of Bengal, Delegate from,
18; Address from, 86.

Athens, Delegate from, 14.

Australia, Delegates from, 17; Addresses
from, 81, 82.

Austria-Hungary, Delegates from, 13.

B.

Bakhuysen, Professor, Telegram from, 123.

Belfast, Queen’s University of, Delegate
from, 21 ; Address from, 122.

Belgium, Delegates from, 13; Addresses
from, 36. : <2

Bergen Museum, Telegram from, 124.

Berlin, Delegates from, 14; Address from
the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences,
49; Telegram from the Prussian Minister
of Education, 123.

Berne, Delegate from, 16; Address from
University, 66 ; Address from Helvétique
oped ew Natural Sciences, 68.

Birmingham University, Delegate from, 18 ;
Address from, 90.

Bologna, Delegate from, 14; Address from
University, 52.

Bombay University, Delegate from, 18;
Address from, 84.

Bordeaux, Delegates from, 13; Address from

_ University, 45; Address from National
Academy, 45.

Boston, Delegate from, 17; Address from
American owleag of Arts and Sciences,
(KP

Breslau, Delegate from, 14.

Bristol University, Delegate from, 18;
Address from, 90.

British Academy, Delegate from, 19; Ad-
dress from, 96.

British Association, Delegate from, 20;
Address from, 113.

British Isles, Delegates from Institutions
in, 18-21.

British Museum, Delegate from, 19; Ad-
dress from, 97.

Brussels, Delegate from, 13 ; Address from
Royal Academy of Sciences of, 37.

Budapest, Delegate from, 13 ; Address from
Royal Hungarian University of, 36.

Burlington House, 3, 4, 22.

C

Cairo, Delegate from, 16.

Caleutta, Delegates from, 18 ; Address from
University, 85; Address from Asiatic
Society of Bengal, 86.

California, Delegates from, 16, 17.

Cambridge, Delegates from, 18, 20.

Cambridge Philosophical Society, Delegate
from, 20; Address from, 114.

Cambridge University, Honorary Degrees
conferred by, on some distinguished
Delegates, 27-30; Address from, to Royal
Society, 88. :

Canada, Delegates from, 17; Addresses
from, 83.

Cape of Good Hope University, Delegate
from, 18.

Chemical Industry, Delegate from Society
of, 20; Address from, 115.

Chemical Society, Delegate from, 19; Ad-
dress from, 98.

Chemistry, Delegate from Institute of, 19 ;
Address from, 101.

Chicago University, Delegate from, 16;
Telegram from, 124,

Christiania, Delegates from, 15; Address
from Royal University, 58 ; Address from
Academy of Sciences, 59.

Clark University, Worcester, U.S.A., Dele-
gate from, 16; Address from, 72.

Clermont-Ferrand, Delegate from, 13 ; Ad-
dress from University, 46.

Columbia University, Delegate from, 163
Address from, 73.

Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences,
Delegate from, 17 ; Address from, 77.
Conversazione given by Royal Society,

22,

Copenhagen, Delegates from, 13; Address
from University, 38 ; Address from Royal
Danish Society of Science, 39.

126

Cornell University, Delegate from, 16;
Address from, 74.

Cracow, Delegate from, 13; Address from
Academy of Sciences, 33.

dD.

Denmark, Delegates from, 13.

Dorpat, Delegate from, 15; Telegram from
University, 124.

Dublin, Delegates from, 21; Address from
University, 120; Address from Royal
Irish Academy, 121.

Durham University, Delegate from, 18;
Address from, 91.

E.

Edinburgh, Delegates from, 20; Address
from the University, 117; Address from
Royal Society of, 119.

Egypt, Delegates from, 16.

Engineers, Delegate from Institution of

Civil, 19.

= Delegate from Institution of
Electrical, 19 ; Address from,
102.

% Delegate from Institution of

Mechanical, 19.
Entomological Society, Delegate from, 19 ;
Address from, 98.
Erlangen, Delegate from, 14.
F.
Finland, Delegates from, 15; Addresses
from, 62-4. —
Fischer, Emil, Telegram from, 123.
Florence, Delegate from, 14.
France, Delegates from, 13; Addresses
from, 40-5.
Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Delegate
from, 17 ; Address from, 78.
Freiburg im Breisgau, Delegate from, 14.

G.

Garden Party at Windsor and reception of
the Council of the Royal Society and
Delegates by their Majesties the King
and Queen, 23.

Geneva, Delegate from, 16; Address from
University, 67.

Geological Society, Delegate from, 19; Ad-
dress from, 100.

Geological Survey of Great Britain, Delegate
from, 19; Address from, 100.

Germany, Delegates from, 14; Combined
Address from Universities of, on bronze
Tablet, 48.

Giessen, Delegate from, 14.

Glasgow, Delegates from, 20; Address from
University, 118; Address from Royal
Philosophical Society, 119.

Gottingen, Delegates from, 14; Address
from Royal Society of Sciences, 49.

Graz University, Telegram from, 123.

Greece, Delegate from, 14.

INDEX

Greifswald, Delegate from, 14.

Groningen, Delegate from, 15; Address
from University of, 54.

Guildhall, Dinner in, 3, 21.

Guye, Professor, Telegram from, 123.

H.
Haarlem, Delegate from, 15; Address from
Dutch Society of Sciences, 57.
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Delegate from Insti-
tute of Science, 18; Address from, 84.
Halle, Delegate from, 14.
Hamburg, Address from Natural Science
Union of, 51.
Harvard University, Delegate from, 16;
Address from, 74.
Heidelberg, Delegate from, 14.
Helsingfors, Delegates from, 15; Address
from University of Finland, 62; Address
from Finnish Society of Sciences, 63.
Hobart, Address from Royal Society of
Tasmania, 81.
I.
India, Delegates from, 18; Addresses from,
84-7.
Indian Institute of Science, Delegate from,
18; Address from, 87.
Ireland, Delegates from, 21; Addresses
from, 120-2.
Iron and Steel Institute, Delegate from, 19;
Address from, 103.
Italy, Delegates from, 14, 15; Addresses
from, 51-3.
J

oo , Delegates from, 16; Addresses from,
0-2

Johns Hopkins University, Delegate from,
16; Address from, 75.

K.
Kasan University, Telegram from, 124.
Khartoum, Delegate from, 16.
Kingston, Ontario, Delegate from, 17.
Kénigsberg, Delegate from, 14.
Kyoto, Delegate from, 16; Address from
Imperial University, 71.
L.
Lausanne, Address from University of, 68.
Leeds University, Delegate from, 18; Ad-
dress from, 92.
Leiprig. Delegates from, 14.
Leland-Stanford University, Delegate from,
16

Lemberg University, Address from, 34.
Leyden, Delegate from, 15; Address from
niversity, 55.

Lille, Delegate from, 13.

Linnean Society, Delegate from, 19; Ad-
dress from, 103.

Lisbon, Delegate from, 15.

Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine,
Delegate from, 19; Address from, 103.

INDEX 127

Liverpool University, Delegate from, 19.

London, Delegates from Institutions in,
18-20.

London University, Address from, 89.

Lorentz, Professor, Telegram from, 123.

Louvain, Delegate from, 13; Address from
University, 36.

Lund, Delegates from, 16; Address from
University, 64.

M

McGill University, Montreal, Delegate from,
17; Address from, 83.

Madras University, Delegate from, 18 ; Ad-
dress from, 86.

Madrid, Delegate from, 15.

Manchester, Delegates from, 19, 20; Ad-
dress from University, 93; Address from
Literary and Philosophical Society, 114.

Manitoba University, Delegate from, 18.

Marburg, Delegate from, 14.

Mathematical Society, Delegate from, 19;
Address from, 104.

Melbourne, Delegates from, 17; Address
from Royal Society of Victoria, 82.

Mercers’ Company, Delegate from, 19 ; Ad-
dress from, 104.

Mexico, Delegate from, 17.

Michigan University, Delegate from, 16;
Address from, 75.

Milan, Delegate from, 14.

Mineralogical Society, Delegate from, 19;
Address from, 105.

Minnesota University, Delegate from, 16.

Monaco, Delegate from, 15; Address from
Oceanographical Institute, 53.

Moscow, Delegate from, 15; Address from
University, 60; Address from Imperial

' Society of Naturalists, 62.

Munich, Delegates from, 14; Address from
Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences, 50,

Miinster, Delegate from, 14.

N.”

Nancy, Delegate from, 13; Address from
University, 46.

Naples, Delegates from, 15.

Natal University College, Delegate from, 18.

National Academy, Washington, Delegates
from, 17.

National Physical Laboratory, Delegate
from, 20.

Netherlands, Delegates from, 15; Addresses
from, 54-8.

New Brunswick University, Delegate from 18.

New South Wales, Delegate from > 17; Ad-
dress from, 81.

New York, Delegates from, 16, 17; Ad-
dress from, 73.

Norway, Delegates from, 15; Addresses
from, 58.

Nova Scotia, Delegates from, 18; Address

84,

?

ta

Odessa University, Address from, 61.
Ordnance Survey, Delegate from, 20.
Ottawa, Delegates from, 18.

Oxford University, Delegates from Ape Cs
Honorary Degrees conferred by, on dis-
tinguished Delegates, 24-6; Address
from, to Royal Society, 88.

P.

Padua University, Telegram from, 124.

Palermo, Address from University of, 52.

Paris, Delegates from, 18; Address from
University of, 40; Address from Academy
of Sciences of, 42; Address from Observa-
tory of, 44; Address from French Society
of Physics, 45; Address from Botanical
Society of France, 45.

Pennsylvania, Delegate from, 16; Addresses
from, 76-8,

Pharmaceutical Society, Delegate from, 19 ;
Address from, 105.

Philadelphia, Delegates from > 16; Address
from University > 16.

Physical Society, Delegate from, 19; Ad-

ress from, 106.

Pisa University, Telegram from » 124.

Portugal, Delegate from, 15 ; Address from
University of, 34.

Prague, Delegate from, 13; Telegram from
Felon Karl Ferdinand University,

23.

Princeton University, Delegate from, 16;

Address from, 76.

Q.

Queensland University, Telegram from » 124.

R.

Rome, Delegates from, 14; Address from

' University, 51; Address from Academy
of the Lincei, 53.

Réntgen, Professor, Telegram from, 128.

Rostock, Delegate from, 14,

Rotterdam, Delegate from, 15; Address
from Batavian Society of Experimental
Philosophy, 58.

Royal Academy of Arts, Delegate from, 19.

Royal Agricultural Society, Delegate from :
19

Royal Anthropological Institute, Delegate
from, 19 ; Address from, 106.

Royal Army Medical College, Delegate
from, 19.

Royal Astronomical Society, Delegate from,
19; Address from, 107.

Royal College of Physicians, Delegate from,
19; Address from, 95.

Royal College of Surgeons, Delegate from,
19; Address from, 95,

Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society, Dele-
gate from, 20.

128

Royal Dublin Society, Delegate from, 21 ;
Address from, 122.

Royal Geographical Society, Delegate from,
20; Address from, 108.

Royal Horticultural Society, Delegate from,
20.

Royal Institute of British Architects, Dele-
gate from, 20.

Royal Institution of Great Britain, Dele-
gate from, 20; Address from, 109.

Royal Irish Academy, Delegate from, 21 ;
Address from, 121.

Royal Meteorological Society, Delegate
from, 20; Address from, 109.

Royal Microscopical Society, Delegate from,
20; Address from, 109.

Royal Observatory, Greenwich, Delegate
from, 20.

Royal Society, Address by President of, 8.

Charter of, 1, 2.

Diary of Anniversary Cele-
bration of, 3.

Invitation issued by, 2.

List of Delegates to, 13.

io » Record of, 1, 2.

Royal Society Club, Dinner to Delegates
given by, 23.

Royal Society of Arts, Delegate from, 20 ;
Address from, 110,

Royal Society of Medicine, Delegate from,
20; Address from, 111.

Royal Statistical Society, Delegate from, 20;
Kaien from, 112.

Royal United Service Institution, Delegate
from, 20.

Russia, Delegates from, 15;
from, 59-62.

Russian Central Chamber of Weights and
Measures, Telegram from, 124.

39 >
33 ”?

2) ”
3? 33

Addresses

8.

St. Andrews University, Delegate from, 20 ;
Address from, 117.

St. Petersburg, Delegates from, 15; Ad-
dress from Imperial Academy of Sciences,
59.

San Francisco, Delegate from, 17.

Scotland, Delegates from, 20; Addresses
from, 117-20.

Sheffield University, Delegate from, 19;
Address from, 94.

Sicilian Society of Natural Sciences, Letter
from President of, 124.

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, Dele-
gate from, 17 ; Address from, 80.

Sophia University, Telegram from, 123.

Spain, Delegate from, 15. *

Stockholm, Delegates from, 16; Address
from University, 64; Address from Royal
Swedish Academy of Sciences, 65.

Strasburg, Delegate from, 14.

INDEX

Sweden, Delegates from, 16; Addresses
from, 64-6.

Switzejland, Delegates from, 16 ; Addresses
from, 66-70.

Sydney University, Delegate from, 17; Ad-
dress from, 81.

Syon House, Garden Party at, given by the
Duke and Duchess of Northumberland,
22.

a.

Tasmania, Delegate from, 17; Address
from, 81.

Timiriazeff, Professor, Telegram from, 123.

Tokyo, Delegate from, 16; Address from
Imperial University, 70.

Toronto University, Delegate from, 17;
Address from, 83.

Toulouse, Delegate from, 13.

Turin, Delegate from, 15.

U.

United States of America, Delegates from,
16, 17; Addresses from, 72-80.

United States, Coast and Geodetic Survey,
Address from, 80.

Upsala, Delegate from, 16; Address from
University, 65.

Utrecht, Delegate from, 15; Address from
University, 56.

Vv.

Victoria, Delegates from, 17.
Vienna, Address from Imperial Academy
of, 31. Nts

Wales, University of, Delegate from, 19;
Address from, 94.
Warsaw, Delegate from, 15; Address from
University, 61.
Washington, Delegates from, 17.
os Address from Carnegie Insti-
tution, 79.
5, Address from National Acad-
emy of Sciences, 79.
Sy Address from Smithsonian
Institution, 80.
PP Address from Washington
Academy of Sciences, 80.
Westminster Abbey, 3, 5, 22.
as 3; Dean of, Address by, 5.
Windsor, Garden Party at, 3, 23.
Wisconsin University, Delegate from, 17 ;
Address from, 77.

Ma
Yale University, Delegate from, 17.

Z

Zoological Society, Delegate from, 20; Ad-
dress from, 113.

Ziirich, Delegate from, 16; Address from
Federal Technical High School, 69.

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