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MICROFILMED 1993

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THE BANCROFT LIBRARY.

WHOLE

WRITING

THE DIRECTOR

THE BANCROFT LIBRARY

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA 94720.

MAY BE COVERED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

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JOB NO.

DATE

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PLEASE NOTE:

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Dec. 18, 2 886.

. Dr# W. C. Barrett,

CorrespondiJin Secretary of Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sciences.

Dear Sir!

T have this day received your announcercent of my election to
Correspondinrr Membership in the Buffalo Society of Natural Science^

It nives me pleasure to accept the honor thus conferred, and

I shall always be i?leased to promote the objects of the Society in

*

any way in my power • . -

Very truly yours,

^»%u^ \

(Dictated)

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PHKU»«A«Y PESCKIPIIO. OP A ^^ POCKET OOPHER PHOM CAUPOBMIA

(Thomoniys talpoio£s p^r^g^^^^ —

«^ «r -n, rallfornian rnanmal collectors, has
Mr. F. Stephens, one of riy (aiiiornia

^r n «tv,r11 Pocket Oopher, of the penus
sent me several specimens of a small pocKei^

Thomonys, which l do not find described.

It may be distinRuished

,l,„.o rr.-.. an i-.s convener,, except I.clusius of roues, .y
US color. -.Mc. is ,or, .si. bro«,ish-y«Uow above, sod white

^ i^rrc Tt differs from T.rlusius

^u r»nr] nn the sides and leps, ix oiii^*«> ^—

underneath ana on xn^ i>*w^

H„.. ..o., .o.,. ana in ot.e. .-.srscters ,hic„ .iiX .e pointed out

in a later paper on the animal.

♦ „>.arf nn the arid Colorado Desert^
All the specimsns were captured on the an

in southern Cal lfornla,in March ahd April 1886.

~^^ ii4^„« Y*i»fprs to the very pale

x^he subfrpeclfic name perpa^ll^Hl ^^^^"^^ ''''

color of the animal*

C. Hart Merrlam

9

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32

PRICES OFFRRED WILIIAH DART FOR CIEANRH SKULLS. (Jan. 1887).

Bear
Flshor
Otter
porcupine

FOX
coon

Skunii

Marten

Mink

Vfease 1

Wood chuck

Muskrat

Flyine Squirrel
Red squirrel
Chipmunk
iieadov; Mice
I?ed-backed Mice
Shrews of all kinds

Rabbits

$1.50

1.00

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• 50

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7.-.y-^lr><^ -vv th BOX

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39

BP.lfc^' niFSCVl^'N!: '"OR FHi-'PAKlNG SKINS OF Ehi*tl. J.;AiSiaAr S

Pur t.-.t M'ist?ar; of Dr. (, Hart Mevriaa,

Skin ail naimml:: as soon as possible after death.
l.iy z^r, nnxcul on iti; back and maKe an incision alonp the micidla
.-.f r.he Kflly f-om jui.t behind the fore laps nearly to the vent.
firt caraV^l not to sf.'etch the skin while removinp it. and sxs^r-
iiac> f?r«ar cau li on ui skinninp around the eyes and lips, ^.icr,
rvar-.e'are .easily cut. Skin as far down on the feet as posstbI«.
^wt leave in ail the bonf*s of the legs. Remove the bon* fmm t-^;
laii Iv puilinF it botwean th* finpars. Take out the skull, bemj-
ca»-/'r;l not to cut o' injure it in any way. and wash out th«
^1 rains; oaciber the Jkull with the same number that is attach'^d 'o
\h^ skin, and dry it in the shade. Never put arsenic or salt on a
situij. tut. use powd'rrc'd borax, if necessary, to prevent the re-
p£,ir>irtf. flash from d,>c«^mpo6ing. Remov* all fat from the skin and
cm off

any tans of flesh that may adhere to iX.

in ci^anlnf? of.'' blood or dirt that may have soiled the hair,
an old toolh brush and a llbaral supply of corn-meal will be

r«-und tiioat sarTiceabie.

paisrvo ail parts >f the skin with dry arsenic, or better still,
•vi;h < raixtiu-e of ra,?d>rod arsenir and alum In the proportion fcf
four parts arsenic' t.» on., part alutn. being particular to pat an
extra supply >.n r.he faet cind tail. Put a wire in the body, let .in'

It r-xz-^na to the

tiT3 Of the tail, but be careful not to stretch

t he

till Use ann-^aled iron wira of as large size as will easily
into* the tip of the tail. Ir rabbits, foxes, and wildcats

put vnr-js In the hind leps also.

Stuff the skin +.0 Its natural size with cotton or tow (never
>.'f,^. wool, feathers, or other animal substances); sew It up along
h- t. ii'^ and place it flat on a board to dry (belly down), with
Hh. for./ laps extended m fnmt and parallel to the body, and tho
■ind loTE and tail directed backward. Attach to each skin a label,
hrsr^nf the sm:M number that is mrked on the skull. On this la-
>-I should bo stated the lenpth of the animal (from the tip of t >e
•oEa to fiihe snd of the tail, the spine beinp stretched for this
•>arpo8Kj>; ^i.50 the sex. date of capture (nacie of month should
ai*ay£ Ve written in full), locality, and name of collector.

Ail skirts, should be thoroughly dry before they are packe^.
'>•-,.;,, .»,fMitd fee wrapped carefully in cotton and packed in ar,all
n-r,.;;. , -, roK-'s. tif?ar boxes do very well for tne smaller species
b:.:;. rt.i:c be strangthened by a thin pi'5C& of : aard across each end.

,1 ••

iv^n 'h^in l^e sent ty r^ail^

40

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132

SHUPELDT ON "SPKCIPIC VARIATIONS".
Tv-e last number of Science (vol. IX. no. 281, Aprxl 29, 1887,
PP. 414-416 ) contains a paper by Dr. R. W. Shufeldt, entitled -Spe-
ct'f.c va>'tationr> in the skeletons of vertebrates-. m the first
placo the title . specific variations- is a misnomer, unless Dr.
,^..^eldt deliberately intended to displace the familiar, long used,
and de..ri,txve term HruUjo^-^.Jiirjatipn' --whi ch exactly express-
OS the rneanmn intended-^ by a new and confusing term which is not
d..scriptive or this condition, and consequently is objectionable;
Knd in the second place it is hard to see why the article was wrii.
ten at all. since it not only contains no new facts, but does not
even j.resent old facta m new cl«;thes.

Dr. Shi;reidt speaks of thu well-known variations m human
skulls, and then saya: -It will bo my ob,ect m the present letter
to sho-.v that these differences are quite as marked among the spe-
cies that go to make up the cla.ses below man. as they are among
th<- skeletons of the sar,e species of men-.

If, instead of yreparing articles of absolutely no scientific
value, the Doctor would mak. himself familiar with the writings of
such luthors as Hansel, Peters, Flower. Jentinck and others, it is
reas.mable to hope that he >.ouid cease flooding the current litera-
ture with sach effusions as the present, for he would become aware
that no fact m osteology is better known or more clearly recogniz-
ed than that of great individual variation m the bony framework
of vertebrates. And if. instead of attempting to ridicule the
painstaking accuracy of his fel low-.orkers. he would supplement
some of h.s own multitudinous papers by a few reliable measurements.
" or would determine the limits of individual variation m a single
species, his time nught not b« less profitably employed than at
present, and he might congratulate himself on having made an actual
contribution v.a his favorite science, osteology.

>

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A T?KPLY

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Rditor AUdabun ^:aRazine.

Sir:

'vhe October number uf the Audubon Mapa2in,e (paRe 211) tjontalns
a noT,ice of the ^preliminary report on econumic ornithology* fep^ont-
ly publisbed m ^;he annual report of the Department of AgriiJyltur^

for I88G«

* In readinrf this notice T was surprised to see several incor-

rect iitatemL*nt.s of fact, and was astonished to find myself accused
of expre??Fing opinions that I have never held*

In r-e ard to the rnRiish sparrow, the report m question Qon-
i^ins the foilowmf^: "In advance uf the publication of the special
btiiletln on the -nniish ''parruw question, whioh will contain in
detail the evidence on which the followinn statements are based,
is thought Hesirabie at the present time to set forth some of
ults ot %bii investigation for the information of the neneral

the res

publi.V\ etc. in view of the above, I be(? to ask for the facta
which led my critic to sav; -it occurs to us that the investiEati«n
4oes not appoar to have been conducted m the same 8Cientxri«»ily
^.partial spirit that resulted in t>^ M(»tti4Ul ^t ink h^WW *»1^

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.h as the report on th« Rnilii«h «p^f«--' l*^* ^'^ »«*
Inasmncn as tne rc^ui w

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4tee ^l^nt ^^

^„,. „ubU=h.d. 1 -uuld Uke to asK -Vt ., «rt*».

ract« uv,,n ,m,h th. oonclasion. hav» beer b.,*.. «"

^ -.4.,,.m v>a« been conrtooteo, »*»«» *»■• '

wmch the irvestiration hah oec.i

, .1 ♦,. our circular «n tb» Sparrw*

assert that the replies recexved to our

are *^^JJ_£l!nilg''^^^-"- ^- "^

After disposinr of +'>^f= , arro^»f,

same prounns we are disponed to taica «« «»V

oxu..on that aii h.r.s .uh.,st.nn on .ra.n are xn.nueal ^ «^

...e .a. ..n. ..ne.ca. .. ch pr. on .ice .n. .^^^ «

,Y. «iitor of the Audubon MaflMin* W »>»•

respectruUv chalienrje the e>iitor o

«H einer in print or m coT»^*rfc«tl.«n,

. that T hove eve- expressed, either m p

.A ^n+o +ho Views ^•V^ ftttrt bated

V. nv, r-n b»- construed mto t,i'o ^"^
opinion which c..n d'-

, .o I be(? to protest aramst this sort

any

r c.ur^e to carel^n^« ^n the p«ri of

sentatiun. which i. due. of cour-e,

,H ««l beve read the report M «- «««" f**

the reviewer, -ho could not ^ve re

to criticise

zine con

in con-iiusion, may i »o

.4^1 *Rd hi a render* »« ^^f^**^ •"
Biders It entirely fair to lead hxe

, to the pood cause kt upholdsi the ^ery

an enemy to xne i.^*-'

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Mo r i t a n ' - ^ Oh arnb e r ) a i n , r< s q ,

St. John. '^Tew H>-unswictr.

1 am .lad to 'l«arr: fr.rT, vour recent .lettor that ■' .u aro

,^- r, • rr' -t>i<;iurist on tlie GeuloHicai and

Nat<:rai Historv -urvey of >,aMada. .mc jpu

* -.,« ,iv,+ ,,r « 1. 1 r-''^ d 1 d wor?'' 'Ti Rotary
The Survev has done a vast ;-unuunt ot ..<..-.■"-

imde-r th'> erficmnt Farmner-ent of its inde..-..i.H

John r'.a'-aun. vhofi.n -vriti I'R '^-'r., ij.-'-

ij: im.lerstood. WhV sho.lH ]t r.>t r,u -c, -a

loHy'- 3uro.ly the econonuc inportanoo ol tho ..h,o^.- w.,ul. ,

»i rnr.r' + ion IP +0 properly care for and
son i?> erp-*-<>''*^^ ^hose ?>p*:j^ xc».

^n^.ea.e .he coU.nt.on: ^ THrou.h the courte.v or orrxcers oC the
,..v... .t has hoon .y prx.xie-e to exa.:..e K.ny oC the rare h. rd.

„ .... ., in the Museum, and i can testx^v
now c-.>^ded topethor m d-.i ^ ^ iri .

n ..„+ 'onlv that nanr uf the -n-e

255

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or s.eat val,,,». but «,at nunorous otha- -e ur >„„u,.t=r,». for, *e

ontams a lar^e atnuant of r.ate-iai which

rnithoiori :ts a^. la-pe, as

direcliur. the Museum c.

should bw i-vvU -rl To- the bent^fit u^ or

^v u^ber-F;, who

weii a.s Pov

•♦ V* • f r>

ma

nv <>r Its mte-

HrM^verios will be na^ .

:^o far as vour <>wn

,..„.ai.i oc.asxon ^-equrr.. T shall T . must ba,.,.'y
nest enthu.fVIa^■,fr. as a -'orker, and '.o t.he

can only sav tia,, ,

to t'^stirv baV;. to ^'o'lr -a

Tvustxni^ that the Canadian CK>ver.uao-nt w,.U .e .xt to r^ak.

you it

;s ufrrciai ornitroiof'T^t, I ani

Vor" truly your^,

a.w.

Chief of the Division of

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ir>et,r p ri.) • oC - •■ • !" -ype:

'iric« the roc-ipt uf >^.ur communication of the

in the »'ational Museu<T.,tho

IfH-h inrto, I V-fiva succGcdod in fir-ding,

.rra,;nent3 of your tvpe sv.ecirr.en of Arvicoia eurtata .

-.olar r..4r.aTnB, and it sorVftS to rove

ir.vt T'^'- • >. 'nTi,:

'^•ort^inatoly, I^h? ^v<.:-\1 lower

• • .1 ,-f.- to +>^e Ri7baenus "hi lotus, and is mt

Pel •</.

;'.Ys as pu-vpo^-^yc^ '^'V Ooueso

i .• -•

Very truly yours.

a%UiL>0^

268

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270

December 20,

/

Mr. F. T. Miie-r,

Upioer Woodstock

New Brunsv/ink, C?rB(ia

Dear Sir:

I ar. told t>at you are spendinj? the vin'.er in a trappers' caino
In th3 ever^een f ore3ts of Nmv Brunswiclc. Hence I write, to asT< ^

favor. Will you aek the trappers to save mo the smU. of all the
animals they catch du-ing the winter and spvi ik? I will give them
ten cents each for uncleoned skulls^'Wrfcen, Fox. Porcupine, Coor,
Skunk, Mink. Vearel. -iyi- ^-squirrel, Mldcat, .nd^Lyrjc; twenty-
five cents each tor imciear3d skull, of Otter. Pisher.and Beaver;
and fifty cp.a" ^ach 'r>v Bear skulls.

I will taJ-e fi^y inecimcns cf each of these ardirriB, at the
prices named. The onlv aata of linportance is the sex, which in
all cases must be mari'ea on tha r.kuil. The easies^ wa^ t. He Vri.
is by attaching small tags, similar to those fnclrsor% nuo to e^ h

skull*

Very ti ly yours,

# 9 ^% 4*^P^' 9lil^k<^>A^

(Dictated.)

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■%♦?

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V • •

I

ur r M:

Fisher

.La. t ..v '.' J--' -»• J

f i-.h^-; 12-i.-.]- ins^ani., asking' fov in-

rcp V 1 fill

<• ^v

in veP'ard ^o the bes^ Hiet

hod of cleanirif^ the bonns of an

Icplian

I vo

Id rospec- fiai:v stai^e thai, ul^

■\p --^p

e

i '«.•

is but one method

bv which such bones i

■f«,4rr hr>

> J.-.A

l^ L;l-I S'

f*< •■.tt

.perly cleaned, and that is by long

Eiaceraxtic

n. . I^v. Baigvr hole one

ncl in diameter should be bored

,n bOL.n

r;ndB of fiac

h of the long bores of the lees, and ehovild

•ef'

,ch in OS

) .L

Car as uosBiblo, in on

IfT

0 furnish a freo escaj:

' r

for

T.r;f:i marro?/ ?;no groa

H

^T'pnr;/^

O L" •

Tlien 1;he bcnes shorid oe piF. •.c soaK: m

laq^e u

n^i 1

-^;^ii} (jr ho>^Bheads, or in ^

lar^e vat, whore they may "^e-

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mcin unnisf

Jx'Ora i

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leas

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vea-L If ti>'-; cieph-ant is s large

7 - *i# -I.

:)riij a year' ^oio

bonefi wiii then t)e reaoy

hall, or even l.:-rige.% may bn noceBsary.

dy for iina:^ FfiP«^'aticn andmoimting

he

Vt-jrj -tamiy .voirrs,

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f^ov):^ cf on^ blologficnl piibllcatione
0 badly ;3mas]!ed. tl at it v;as Im-

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\Sar.hing^:>n , D. C, July 25, 1888.

Mif^S A. S. P;:-l;COCk,

less. Thirteenth S'., M. W.,
Wasirln^'^.on, D. C,

In i-Gply to your inquiry as to my opinicn of the mental condi-
tion of D-. R. W. Shufeidt, U. S. A., I betr to state that a little
over a year ago I had some correspondence with Dr. Shufeidt which
led me to believe him to be of unnound mind. Previous to this oc^

cas

sion I had b3on on toiiris of perscmu friendship with Dr. Shufeidt,
the occasion in qi>-stion wrote him a friondiy letter, asking

and on

him to desist from a course which. v?as greatly injuring his reputa-
tion as a scinnr^ific man. In reply I r-c-ived a letter frm him,
abounding In such insoleni. an<t abTisiv-- > r^f^^uago, and carrying with
it the idea cf sucr. Rxcessiv- egotism on hi.s part as to bo entirely

/

• I

inexirlicable on any otht- suppos^. -n ^hsn that h^; ^vas ^nsane.

RespHc' f'-liy,

302

7 ^

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'Li
da

j.

?ni

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AK«lMt

October 26, 1888,

Dr. Peter Collier,

Director State Agriculturai Bxperimenb Station,
Geneva, New York*

Dear Sir:

For a numlDGr of years I have been collecting infoitriatlon re-
lating; to the ornithology of New York, and have now in hand a very
large quantity of rnaterif^l c^n the subject, which from pressure of
official work I aiQ unable to put in shape for publication. It has
occurred to me that by cooperation with the New York State Bxpejrl-
TTient Station it might be posnible to work up a part of this materi-
al at an early date. If you favor the idea, my plan would be to
prepare an annotated catalogue of the birds of New York, which
should contain, under the head of each species, the following In^-
forrnation:

!• Distribution of tlie species in the State.

Character of residence, namely, whether resident, suinmer

303

resident, mliZTanti, or winter visitant.

S. Period of VTBtier:x:>B if non-resident, with dates of arrival
^^Tjj departure in different pr.rb.^' of the State.

304

:a

ka

:bI
lo

lOO
OKI

Lb

.13

[Ot

8Qf

4. Food-hablts. and resulting economic status of the spwte,
Such a catalogue would be of much practical value to faitnera.

It would

and would be useful to a very large number of people.

contain no technical matter except the scientific nainfts of the spa-

Of course

cies. whi<5h would follow their common Knglieh names.
euch a work could be easily enlarged to any desired extent by the
insertion of matter relatinf^ to the time of nesting, kind and posi-
tion of nest, number of egp;s. period of song, and rreneral habits;
but from the standpoint of the agriculturist I think the data con.
tained in the four headings abovo 8Up;r;ested would be most imporfc-

ant.

We arfl now cooperating with the ISest Virginia Agricultural
Experiment Station in the preparation of a similar catalogue, the
main difference heim that in the case of Weso Virginia most, of the
money furnished by the Board had to be expended in field work, as
next to nothing was known of ths birds of the St^te. In the case
of New York, on the contrary, most of the field work has been done,
and what Is needed is funds to work up and prepare for publication
i,he material now in hand. If the necessary money could be ob-
tained, the work could be done here under my iimediate supervision,
and turned over to you when ready for publication.

bns

ra

:a

tm

m

ia

\n

305

8

If you favor this scheme I shall be pleased to hear from you

at your early convenience.

Respectfully,

( Dictated.)

[J3

[vl-

Vf

B

f >\ r^A S^m

/

306

( Dictated.)

■ Hovembftr S, 1888.

Dr. Peter Collier,

Director New York State
Agin cultural Exp't Station,

Geneva, N, Y,

iMy dear Sir:

Year letter of the 81st ultimo is at hand, and I am much
pleased to know that you regard with favor my proposition to co-
operate with you in the preparation of an Annotated Catalogue of
tha Bii'ds of New York Stat«. In regard to your question as to how
much iwnoy it would be necessary for you to contribute I would say
that this will depend largely upon the time when you wish the report
to be ready for publication. If we could receive say $1200 be-
tT.'eon new and July 1st next, I would agree to deliver to you on
that date the Catalogue ready for the printer, said Catalogue to
contain the infomation described under the four headings mentioned
in m^ previous letter. Should your Station be unable to contri-
bute this fiTPor.nt during the present fiscal year, and still be able
to contribute something, I would begin the work and would do as
much as possible with the available funds, expecting to complete It

the i'cllowinj') year.

Very truly yours.

307

tO

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iqo
rid-

i!jm

Bvrd-

:oD
ai
•utf

00^

loum

Noveiiibcr 17, 1888.

Mr. Winiam Brewat-er,
Cambric!p;p, Mass.

Dear Sir I

At a meeting- of thft Council of the Americar Ornithologists'
Union, beW in Waehington, D. C, November 12, 18H8, it was

•Resolved, Th;..! fii?^ Covncil rn command to thfi' Union tiw appoint-
ment cT'^'ToiHialttee to rvWise tic status cf 'hv b pedes and sub-
st)?-^cios dnscribpd since the publication cf the Cede and Check List,
aria ti^.e piTU)csr;a olinJnatifns and ein^ndatdcns cf ncmfnciature, with
a vu:v. ■ 0 the piibiicstion of « Supplement to the A, 0., U, Check
List, and a n(f!i and abridgod oditionof the Check List as so re-
visr-d."

At the first meeting of tb: Sixth Congress of the Union, held
in V/pr,hLng;ton, D. C, November 18, 1888, on motion of Mr. Cory, it

*Rnsoj.v-d. Thrt frhe ]ii^;ter oi revismg th- ststus of the spe-
cies ana subsTM^cieaf^^^nera and subgenera described since tho pub-
lication of tk^ A, O/LU Code and Check LLst, and the proprr.ed
iUiffi*;n^:tions ci ?i.^cjf^s and subspecies, buq emendations of nomen-
ciaturu^bf referred tn the Committee on Publication, with power to
publish tho r^^Bxnt^ in the fona of a Supplement to the Check Lifit,
in th:) same stylu and fcm as re^^ards matter and typography as tte
Chnck Liat Itsrlf : f^iv:) to incorporate the substance of the same in
tht^ aorid^^^d edition of the Check Lis^t already cindered bv the Coun-
cii,*

Th^^ CoiTiinitteo on P^^biiCcd ic'n consists of the President and

Secrctt^ry 'siX officio, and of Mrjssrs. Brev/stor, Co'Jes, and RidgTsy,
elcctnd IroR trc Council. Thfi PresidGnt, hi\ Alien, has decided

jW .iM

[fo. In am
riit MB

itA

lasW ni

'i

aow

3 scio

Mio
IflT

308

-2-

.,.• ■ .:V'n hfw -.; meet wii^b Ihe Comraittee, in order that the work

,v' r: :va.: . b c "iupi^'ted ai. an oariy daf- e, so that the abridged
■.dir.::on of -h'^ Clipck List r.8\ be published at once. Your attend-
ance id obf- m:-<;tingi:^ of i'hc Cc.;:jnittee is essential tc the siiccess-
cci.ii,.iet::or; M th- •- ork in hand, and it is eameBtii' hoped that

' ,i cv

y.j v;.....I rt^''-'"' the ctii

lUi:

nbor's of the Committee in this city as

ariy in ".b? v/ock a a possible.

Rs: spec tf idly,

Secretary A. 0, U.

iPictatea.)

'{^Vf /J-

December 5, 1888 •

309

i;,T.fb"

oris

0 i.''.!.

VV II0\

Vi''C.'.i9

oiT)

Messrs. Tuttle, Morehouse, k Taylor,
New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sirs*.

The American Ornithologists* Union is about to publish a nsw
edition of its Check List of North American Birds, similar in style
of type and size of page to the enclosed sample. It is to be
printed on one side of tlie pa^ only, and will cover about 100
pages. The edition will be 2000 copies. It is to be printed on
70 lb. ss. & c. A. I. book paper which will take ink well, with 40
lb. cover. If you would like to print this Check List, we shall
be pleased to r'^ceiv^' an estimate.

Respectfully,

%x*. CJ^.i.VL

( Dicts+ed.)

December 8, 1B88

310

.aiaaeM

;i2 ifleQ

eqx^ to
bQcffiTTq
. aej^sq
.dX 07
TOO .di
iBelq ed

e.tDiCI )

Mr. L, 0, Howard,

Assistant Bntomo legist,

' U. S. Departmont of Agriculture

Dear Sir:

rorf-

In reply to your inquiry concerning the occurrence of
brfll in Squirrels,! would state that during many years collectiiig
in the Adirondack region of northern New York, particularly along
its western border, in the BlacK River Valley, I frequently found
CuterebrM in or near the scrotum in the Gray Squirrel (Ssiffims.
carolinensis leucctis.), Rod Squirrel (ScJAmii huds^aja and Chip-
munk (Tste ^triatus lysteri) . I have observed the sanie thing at
Bastharr«)ton, Mass., and in other localities. The most extraordi-
nary instance of the prevalence of this disgusting parasite that
has fallen under my observation was at the south end of Lake Chanw
plain, New York, in October. 1885. On the 7th and 9th of that
month I killed more than fifty ChipmurikB (Tgnias striates kS^^)
within a few miles of old Fort Ticonderoga, and on the rocky aide
hill behind the town of Whitehall. Of these a very large percent-
age - I think fully one-half - were infested with -wabbles' {0^-
tei*ebrS|). More females than males were thus afflicted. The
•wabbU^were usually situated near the median line, and anywhere

-s-

tJl i.

.iM

190

vi

JBO

IB${

IM

:fiii
iBri

Xq

[001

iw

Id

from t.hG '.'imbilical region to the genitals; In a few cases they were
in the axilla, and in one or two instances in the upper part of the
forelog. In a number of indlYiduals two CuterebrflB were found*

and in a few casGwS as many as three ♦

15r. A. K. Fisher tells me that be collated a number of Chip-
munks about the south end of Lake Geoirge, Warren County, N. Y*,
during the latter part of August and first of September, in 1888,
a considerable proportion of ^hich were infested with CuterebriR .
As uiany as three were found, in different stages of development, in
one animal. A Gray Squirrel killed at Sing Sing, Westcheeter
County, N. Y., contained a Cuterebra in th^ left pectoral region •

Respectfully,

n..

Ornithologist.

( Diciated.)

moil
dit rii.
Xeiol

:xiub

itiOO B

aA
ft ,9no

; -i J..

■:\

loot

■w

.71

f

DecGinber 11, IBm,

My dear Iifr. Roosevelt:

I am very much obliged for your kindness in sending me your
manuscript notes on the habits of the Short-tailed Shrew(Blariim
brevicauda). I have had a t^'pe-^i/rit'-Wi copy of these notes made,

I II - - — - 4>i«aavi^»~~

and return the orifrinal herewith*

I ara sorry you lost that Shrew near Kootenay Late* You are .
undoubtedly rip:ht in considering; it a spocies o^ Ijeaoorex. I

never saw one alive*

I caine very near seeinp; you last sunsner at Medora*

I wa8

thero about Aufnist 10, and wan told that you were expected at that
I went west by the Korthem Pacific, and spent sane time

time*

.n the Pun«t. sound rej^ion. Have you ever visited Pend Oreille

It seems to rae tliat this ref?ion promises much, both from

Lake f

.he Bi^dpoint of T,.e hur.tor and from f.hat of the nat„u.allBt.

tacidentally. in yo.r Intere^Mnp; popular writing,, you have
.ad. many «cordB of v.rv ,«-eat value '.o naturaliet., particularly

,,„ ,,,,„,„„, of »..«"8S at potats re»>t9 from tho pre-
. , distribution; aM it would be very

', .1.

^ r. r .. r'-;d SO!)lt. i.jlltu>oox .i. t.

concerning

vious..

312

o 1 o

■tr

n

L'.rt.

frfo

)0

ma

amals durinp your wander Incrs* I would pive a pood deal to see

the Hoary Marmot vou found on the Coeui- d' Alone Mountaina^ The
Kootenay rerrion is one I have lonr -.vanted to visit, and hope that

*

I may be so fortunate 'Within a few years.

Are you never corainp: to Washinp^on ? v^ould like much to see

you here.

Apain thankinfr you for your kindness in placinp these notes at

my disposal, I remain,

Very truly yours

Hon. Theodore Roosevelt,
Oyster Bay, K. Y.

314

,rl.t

lOX

ox

Xm

-noH

Waihinprbon, D* C»
Dacwnber 14, 1M8.

Prof. S. P. Ianjd9r»

Secy. Smithsonian Institution,

Waahiiij^ton, 0« C
Sin

GiHndttee

SATURDAT

Comnisslon of the Anthropoloftical, Biolo^oal, Gheoical, GeofprApWe.
and Philosophical Societies of this City. I wis instructed to ex-
tend to you a cordial invitation to deliver one of t

LBCTURBS of the Course beplnninf? March 9, 1889.

. . ,.. • ■■ -

If you will kindly sip-nify the title of your lecture, and the
Saturday afternoon In March or April #iioh irill best suit your .oon-
venience, I shall be extremely oblijjed.

•• •

Very respectfully*

»

Secy# Lecture Commltteo^

Washinprbon, D* G.
December 14, 1888,

315

It

ftr. Washinpton Matthews,

Ar»ny Medical Mu'^et^n,

Sir?

At the last meetinf? of the Lecture Comnittee of the Joint

Coiumisslon of the Aiithropoiofrlcal, Biolorlcal, Chemical, Geopraphic,
and Philosophical Societies of this City, I was instructed to ex-
tend t,o you a cordial invitation to deliver one of the SATURDAY
LSOTUEKS of the Course bop-inninfr March 9, 1889.

If you will kindly signify the title of your lecture, and the
Saturday afternoon in March or April which ^ill best suit your con-
venienoe, I ahall be extrenely obilred.

Very respectfully,

S0cy# Lecture Committee*

316

*
Dooeinber 14, 1888 •

^^. Jolun Murdoch,

Snithsonia.-'i Instiuution,
■'^ashan-p-ton, D, 0.

Sirt

At the last luoetinf* of the Lecture Coranittee of the Joint
Gosuniaslon of the Anthropolo'^ical, Biolojcrical, Chemical, Geographic,
a.-id Fkilosophlaal Societieb of this City, I was tastracted to ex-
t9>d to you a cordial invitation to deliver one of the SATURDAY
J^BiiT'JflJiiS of the Course bef-cims. uip March 9, 1889«

If you riii temiiy signify the title of yoiir lecture, and tlie
Siiturdav afternoon la March or April which w-ill best suit yoiir oon-
Yarleiicn, I shall be extremely oblired.

Very respectfully.

Secy. Lectiirs Committee^

Washlnfrbon, D. C»
December 14, 1888*

31?

kt

I

,?.

iV

Jhrdsident, OoluraMan University,

HMhinpiton, 0, C«

Slrt

OooBdttee

CoBBdfialon of the tathropoloftical , Blolojtioal, Chemical, Oeof?«aphic,
and Pldlosophical !?ocieti9s of this City, I web instructed to ex-

..... ■ • ■ •

tend to you a cordial Invitation o deliver one of the SATURMT

.•.....■•■■ ... -

UK?PURBS of th0 Course be^rinninj? March 9, 1«B9«

If yoa will kindly si«mify the title of your lecture, and the
Saturday afternoon in March or April which will best suit your oon-

ventenca. I shall be extremely oblip«d.

Very reipwifully.

Secy. lecture Committee

318

SBilthttQniais Institution^

Sir:

U<}tuf« C«Md.tt«0

• * • »

» * " ♦

». , » ,

CoaalsBlon 9f fiie Asihropoloricftl, Blolofi^leal, OhemimI, O0*mi[^Ni4|,
nxA Philosophical Booietlds of tMfl CUy, I wae instfudibntf to «!<»
t«)d to jnou a cordial imritfttlon te daltvco' one of t}i9 SATURQ4T

«

LBCTURBS of the Course be^zvdn^ liarok 9, 1B68«

If ^u will Idndly »i(mify tte %i%U of yoir l«»tW8, aoid 4te

t •

Satiopdaj afteamoon In Mareh

,, , ,,„ ., ..^-.. . r-

•'i^'.f y^ **'" * ■*

ranlenco, I shall b« ©idaromely obllpisd^

». • I

t I

Vsry raspBotftdly^

.X»s5^

locamli

.■;

« « .. . ; ,

V

Washinpfbon, D* C^
December 14, 1888 ♦

319

>^

1^

ft

m

>Mr# Henry W. Hens haw,

Sinlthsonian Institution,
Washinpton, d. G.

Sir:

At the last meeting; of the Lecture Coimnlttee of the Joint
Comniission of the Anthropolorrical, Biolopiical, Ghemical, Geoppraphio,
and Philosophical Societies of this City, I was instructed to ex-
tond to you a cordial Invitation to deliver one of the SATURIAY
LROTIIRHS of the Coiu'se befinnin.f; March 9, 1889*

,■■■■■ ..••••■-. ■ . ■■ .' ^ • : '

If you will landly siptiify the title of your lecture, ard the

..t ■: i'»

1 .

Saturday afternoon

venienoQ, I skill be extremely obiiped

ia March or April -^'dsh will beH stlit your con-

•^■v,i;r :',

J . i.

Very respoetfully

Secy* Lecture Consnittee

iM

:iZ

[oO

)fLB

^r•,

oai

M-B8

[9V

820

Decf^mbfir 15» 1888.

Prof. S. P. Langley,

Secretary Smithaonian Institution

Washington, D. C.

Sir:

The Joint Committee charged with the RrranKements for the

course of Saturday Lectures beginning *«arch 9, 1889, respectfully
request the use of the Lecture Pall of the National Museum, togeth-
er with the customary cooperation in thn publication and distribu-

tion of prograiunes

Very respectfully,

t

Secretary Lecture Committee^

( Dictated.)

oii

:ii8

lupei

Id )

Wasring^tcn/ D* d

Dacember 14, 1H88:

Prof. l)&niel C Oil-ian,

President, Johns Hcokins Univerwsity,
BaHirroi'e, Ma#

Ci*

Sir:

At the last njoetinpj of the Lscturo Oornnittiee of the' Joint

Commission of the Anthropological, Biolop:ical, Chemical, GeogrN-
phio, and Pbiloscphical Societies of this Oity, I was instructed
to extend, to you y cordial invitation to deliver ono of the
SATURDAY LJ^CTIBES of the Course beginninp: March.9, 1889.

If irGii will kinaly si^^ify the title of your ioctiire, and
the S'sturday afternoon in March' or April which -will beat suit your
convorfience, I shall bo extremely obliged*

Very respectfully/

Secy* Lecture Conimittee*

*J » J •

:ii2

fmaflUTA?-

^i;Md

iftQiaevnoo

iQ )

Dr.

J« H. Kidder,
SniiT,b«oni?in Institution ,
Washi.np;ton, D, C.

Sir:

Washi^ml-on, J3. C.
Heceraber 14-,. 1888.

At the last meeting of the lecture Cowmit.tee of the Joint
Ccranission of T,he Anthropclogicnl, Piologicl, Chemical. Geogra-
phic, .nd Philosophicnl Societies of this City, I wus instructed
to extend to you s cordial invitation to deliver one of the
SATURDAy Li?cTflB}?S of the Course beKinnin^ i,arch 9,]889.

If irou will kindly. signify t,hG title of your lecture, and the
Saturday afternoon in March or April v^hich mil best suit your con-
venience, r shall be extremely obliged.

Vory respectfully.

Secy. Lecture Coitu'iittee.

/

,-v

I

tz

wioO

'J

idtf^

oJ-

[TA8

[u^b8

i:n9V

323

Washington, D* C.
December 14^ 16b6

Prof • Honry Newell M'/rtin,

Johns Hopkins University,

Baliiimare, !vK:i*

Sir:

At the last roeetinp; of the lecture Committee of the Joint

Oor-jnission cf the Antbi-opo lo epical , Biolop:ical, Chendcai, Geogra-
phic, :\m Philosophicjil Societies of t.his City, I tos instructed
to extend to you a corriial invitation to deliver one of the
SATURDAY IKCTIIRES of the Course bep;inning March ^, lb89.

*

If you 'vill kindly signify ine titJe of your lecture, and the
Saturday afternoon in March or April which will best suit your con-
venionce, I shall be extremely obliged*

Very respectfully.

Secy. Lecture Consnittee

4jlJl

AVjCtoxKS^

g^.Ht

\

-i

/

*"5i

Vi'\

-ilZ

too

irfq

le o^t
[TA8

6l

In^^

I

4^

December 14-, 1888.

Mr« Tr. K. Gilbert,

U. S. (reoloKicrJ Survey,
Washinnton, 0* C

Sir:

At the last raoeting of the Lecture 'CoiarniT.tee of the. Joint

r

nDiTiTiisslon of the Anthropolofcical, Biological, CheTrdcal., Geogra-
phic, fiiKl PhilcsophJcal Societies of this City, I was instructed

. ♦ »

to extend' t.D yon a cordial . invitation to deliver, on some k'eolcgi-
cal snbiect, one of the SATURDAY IJCTimRS of the Course beginning
Marches?, 1889. ' •

» ^ • ■

If you will kindly sip^nify the title of your lecture, anxl the
Saturday afternoon in Mrch or April wnich will best suit your con-
venience, I shall be extremely obliged. •

Very respectfully.

Secy* Lecture Goiimittee*

323

>

Prof* V. 0. At«t%ar,

Ddpertment of if(ri«ulture •

IRitfhix^rton* 9<t 0«

? -

??ipt

* #

ist meetinff of tto Uottnw Oemrttte* #1 **■ ilW

9nAiafAPM nf this CltlT. 1 MS tOftoOCWft to VX-

tend to you t oofdlal ijwltation to deliver one of ti»

LBCTUH8S of tl» Course be^jlnniiHr M&pcfe

joor l«o%we,

I Mi»sii or Ai»rll ^iish iflll mtt «(<% J^«r

QXtreowly obXiired.
Very rsf^eotfullyt

8o«y« lecture (i©i«iit%*«»

Origina

I Defective

326

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Decornher :i4, 1888^

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l:.st> ?f)**^etrinK of tiie J-PO

ture Coinmitt;30 ol the Join

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City

T was iDst/ructeci

.♦^ t *■ •'■

il^ \

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e^-'H ht y

eu ?i covrUal invitation 'h

^ riejivox' one of Lhe

?AT!;r.'MY LH^TID^J^S ;-i' T^ire i'o^ivse oe,drxiriK^. i

■> oO(

^arcn ••^i i^^<^

7r 70? -^d).] !;:in'.M.y ^>i:-^'ni

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^^reh or ^^r^ii which v^iU be^t suit your con-

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328

Washinfrbon, O* C«
Becembor d4^ 1888^
The Law Roporter Company of Washington City, by !• F. Roberts,
Supt., liereby aprees to fumlsh two thousand (2, 000) cof^le* of th«
Rsvisod Check List of North American Birds, conaistlnj? of 64 f^$H
printad on one aide of t,bo leaf, on paper as per sample sttb»iift«4
(eo lb s.s. & c So, 1 Book), with paper corer, tot the aa» of WH

bmidred 8.rid

doll

seventy-two^J^Fifty cents (I27a^)v idrtoinrtij[» t»

I.

he firsh class in all respects.

Extra pares at the rate of %A'^^ P©? pftR**

January 2, 1889.

329

I

Prof. R. D. Cope,

Philadelphia, Pa.

Bear Sir:

aliet.

The most terriblo calamity that has ever befallen me in the
publication line is thc^ result of a very curious blunder on the
pari-, of some one connected with the printing of the American ;fe.tur-

The July number of the Naturalist contains a paper of mine
on a New Weadow Mouse of the subgenus Pedomye , accompanied by a
figure of the skull and teeth, pp. 598-eOl. The August number of
the Naturalist contains another paper, in which I describe a Not
Species of Arvicola, of the subgenus Chilotus. accompanied by a
figure of the skull and teeth, pp. 702-705. By reference to pp.
599 and 704 you ^vi]l see that the same cut has been made to serve
the purpose of illustrating the peculiarities of craniology and
dentition of both of these subgenera. There is no use in wasting
time now in speakinp; nf thl., unfoi-t-unate matter furt.her than in the
ym:; cf a.kinr; what mr.y h: done to romedy it. I would suggest that
" brief correct.icn, cont?inir.r the proper cut of nMlotus,, be pub-

i (

330

■2^

iiiihed in the next number of the Naturalist. Can ;v'0" sup:p;est any
bett/Gr way?

Was tho cut cf Chi lotus ever reproduced at all? On the back
of the original drawings, which you returned to me the other dsy ,
are numbers stamped in red irJc^ That of ^rvicola minor is 32S5-2.
and that of Ar>ricclg pa 1 J idus is 8S4S-? (this part, has been trlraned
off). In returning these figures you have cut off the explanatory
rcstter imder each one, so that as they reached me they bore neither
nana ncr number. Curiously enough the legend under the printed
figure of each skull is correct (with sli^t exceptions) for the
species, but not for the drswing in the case of Chilotus.

( Dictated.)

Respectfully,

\

331

Wa8hinrf'/0n, D# C#

January 8,

B

0

in

o

W4

)

Prof. Af'.aph Hall,

U. S. Kavai Observatory,
Washinrrt.on, D. C.

Sir:

At the last raeetlnfr of the Lecture Gonnnittee of the Joint Com-
mission of the Anthropolop:ical. Biological, Chemical, Geop-aphic,
and Philosophical Societies of tMs City, I was instructed to ex-
tend to you a cordial invitation to deliver one of the SATUP.DAY
LF.GTUPJSS of the Coui'se be^nninix March 9, 1889.

If you will kindly sipnify the title of your lecture, and the
Saturday afternoon in April wMch will best suit your convenience.

I shall be extremely oblip^d. >

Very respect tally,

Secy. Lecture Conmiittee^

8

:m

.JS

k+

2

332

Prof, J. R. Eastman,

Pres., Philosophical Society,

0, S* >^aval Observatory^
Wa8hinp:ton, D* C.

At the last. !TK3Gt,inp: of the Lecture Conmlttee of the Joint Com-
mission cf the Anthropolof?ical, Bioloplcal, Chemical, Oeopyaphlc,
an..i Philosophical Societies of this City, I was instructed to ex-
tsncl to yo;i a cordial invitation t^ deliver one of the SATURDAY
LECTURES of the Course beplrminp; March 9, 3B89.

If you will kindly sirnify the title of your lecture, and the
Saturday afterriocn in April which will best suit your conYenionce,

I i^liall be extremely oblipred*

Very respectfullyi

Secy# Lecture Gonimittee^

January 8, 1889*

333

Prof. Etiward S. Morse,

Director Peabody Acad. Science,

Salem, Massachuse'btB*
My dear sir:

At the last meetlnj^ of the Ucture Conmitte^ ^f the
Joint Commission of the Anthropolopical, 3iolor?ical. ChdalCftl, Oeo*
rrrapiiic, and Philosophical Societies of this City, I was Inatructed
to extend to you a cordial invitation to deliver one of the
SA-rjEDAY LROlTips of the Course beginning March 9, 188a*

Rnoi^np that the National Academy meets in ffeshlntrton ^rll
16th next, and assuniinp: that you will be here at that time, I take
the liberty to sufr^est that Saturday, April 30, 1888. would be a
,f>r)od date for a lecture*

If you are willinp^ to favor your fashinpton friends In this
>vay, and will kindly inform me of the subject of your lecture, I

shrt-Tl be extremely oblip:ed. '

^fery respectfully.

4 \

Secy* Lecture Committee*

( Dictatf^d.)

Dear Mr* Scudder:

January 5, 1889.

334

M

rfi

>-i

I

A-

KJ

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Since the receipt, of yoiir leUer of December 27, ultiito, I
have looked over my Adirondack journals for records of Papilio
turnus, but have found only the following, which is a verbatim

. •

copy:

Big Moose Lake, Adirondack Maintains, New York, June 16, 1883.

■The yellow foiro of Papilio turnus has been excessively abundant
since we came into the woods Lthe second time], June 12, but there
were none out June 4 [when I left the woods for a week]. Close by
the Big Moose Camp Lodge I counted over seventy in one spot, and
more than two hundred in another, on the ground where some one had
urinated. Never saw so many before .... Vanes a antiopia is now
scarce.* (Adirondack Notes, Vol. 8, p. 68.) ' ^

I have other notes relating to this matter, but was unable to
find them. Was surprised not to find mention of what I supposed
to be the black f oim of PapUic turnus in the above recoid, for my
recoil oetlon is that there was a small percentage of black butter-
flies with the others. In thn Black River Valley, on the western
border of the Adirondacks. 1 have manyr times seen a black butterfly
which I aiwayc supposed to be Papilio turnus . Since the receipt
of your Tptter, however, I have f:cen fvir. John B. Smith, a?id he has
shown '^-f. f:?J?llio ^rpilus, which I now believe to be tin spe^^-inr I

-2-

335

■ if;tooV for fnj' . ck. loirn of P. ti

£!• tiirnun_^ To nalco 5;iire,I hm^.

writton tc a friend in iwin County, K. Y,, who lias some buUer-
fli-j in a ca^G, and hsve aakad for a Kpeciron of tlu-) ono in ques
Will let yoiJ krow the ref^ult.

In poking over iTiy notes in search of thin PoDilio record I

came acrovs a nuinfcer rj r-otos relatirg to butterflies, partacul^r-
ly tbsir time of apcf-m)ico and greatest abundance in spring, in

■ / V

connection with the condition of lenynK and flc\verln>i; of plants.
If you caro for theEe, I ?:]>ou"[d be glad to. send them to you as soon

■ rh

m, 1 car find time to copy them. Here is an example:

"June 18, 1879. Caught two Gecropia moths, and naw the first
i.S£iil41 tnrnus . Viburnum lenta£o~Ii in perfection nov/. Cornus
al term folia is still fiowGrinf: profusely, though a little past its

prune ►" . , , ■ ' , -..-. ..^: ;■„

I * * * ' • • , ■-•.■*. , .

The great bulk of early spring recoils relate to VaneRaanti-

"^ . »■■!■■ I ■ ■ I II

opa.

*? ■ v > »

I wonder if you' can tell me what has become of De SauBsure's'
types of ingnrials. He published n paper on his Mexican niaimials, in
which a number of new species of Mice were described. I no not
know where his types sr^^, and an; miable to identify his sr.ec-ios.

• -•••- ' / ■ . 1 * * r •.■;-• •■ •■

This ir particularly unfort.yna|a m aqn^?c„ti^(m with work alon^- our
Bouthern border in Texas.

lit JUTifi-

ivir. Sarnufil I'. Scudder,
Oc'V-brid'e, f/Rcs.

Very truly yours,

v;

^ *^V«w>CX^ v\\^J«J-0->^^sjkA.-

[W

J'\r -^^

%mmmimMm>mmmmm0'^ •

^^fi|l^L

336

January 7, 1889.

( Dictated)

• •

Dear Professor Cope:

ThankB for your letter of th^ 8d in55tant* Fncloeed in the
correction, togetiier with the correct drawing of ChilotuB,.

HoDinr that the Naturalist for 1889 will prove an improvement

V :v that for 1888, I remain

is

Very truly yours.

^v\>Jv7^

f '

Prof. I^. I^ Cope,

R^ v^or Americar. l^Mturalist,
Philadelphia, Pa*

337

A COPECTION: ARVIOOLA (CHILOTUS) PAIIIDUS*— The Auprust number
of the A.MBRICAN KATUPILIST contains a description of tiie above-
named npecies ('-^1. xxii,lB88, pp. 702-705). Throufrh a most unfor-
tunate blunder on the part of the la\(> printers of the magazine,
the illustration accompanying tlil;^ description (p. 70^), instead
of belnp; the drnmnp' sent with the manuscript, is a fipjire of
Ar'/icola (Pedaiiys) vnnor, '.^Mch was published with a description
of thiat species in the precedinp; number of the NATUKAI.IST (July,
I-^na, p. 599), the 3ane cut beinfr made to illus^ate two very dis-
tinct r,ub(i:enera I The accompanyinp; fipure is that of Arvicola
(Chilotus) pallidus, and should be substituted for that on p, 704
of the August number. In the lettering under the skull of Arvicola
( Fedomys ) niiror, p. 5ti9, the skull number is pciven as 2243* It

should be 222<

Jk

338

January 9, 1889.

Air. J. B. Psrree,

SOI Chestnut St,.,

Philadelphia, Pa.

Dear Sir:

i^-

In reply to your letter of the 8th install would say that
tlm statement referred to in my correction, and to which yo.i ob-
ject, was madn by Prof. Cope. If the case is aB you stat^ it,
you rnay strike out th. words "on the part of the late printers of
th. magazine", leaving the sentence, T^.rough a most unfortunate
blunder the il lustration accompanyinp; this description-- &c. ~

I CPrf,ainly have no desire to put tho responsibility for this
blunder whore it does not belong, and would ratJ^er o«iit locating
the blame altogether than run tho risk of so doing.

Very truly yours,

^ -*^*^J^ (WjnsLouw^^

( DicJ'^ -c^i

i^. a..^ .uj.

H^^^-^occ- 5

•4:^fc«^ -i-C^ o^^t^ .

339

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WVv\KKkjw/w*w

January 12, 1889*

340

Dr, tlames U. Flint,

Cars oi -ciiithsfnian Institution,
'/ashinrrfcon, D. C.

Siv-

' jk «•

i

if!:

At ths last moetinjj of the Lecture Conaittee of tToB Joint Q<m^
mission of the Anthi'Dpoloftical, Bicslop^ical, Chemical, Geoj^raphic,
and pbllosophical Societies of this City, I was instructed to ex-
tG:-d to 3-ou a cordial invitation to deliver one of the SATURMT
LBGTURES of the Course beginninp; March 9, 1889 •

If yeu are willirij^ to favor the Coinmittee by coinplyin^ with
this request, ard will kindly sipnify the title of your lecture axKi
the Saturday afternoon in April which will best suit your conven-
ience, I sIbII be extremely obliped#

Very reapeet fully.

Secy* Lecture Conraittee^

342

^^-«-^*^:to^.'Vv^4|i-^<»^.

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343

cure; i^'KOM eAiKD, SRl?yEK M^Z RiDG'^AY.
Vol. I.

Robin ?|g^

Nuthatch , , .115

Barn Swallow 389

Vol. II.

Bobolink 149

Crow Blackbird 215

Kinpjfisher 393

Niprhthawk 401

Hairy Woodpecker. . . . 502

SUPPLMiBirPAL LIST.

Vol. I,

Ovenbird 280

Redstart 823

Yellowbird 47a

Vol.11.

Ghe^fink 104

M0ado\?lark 171

Blue Jay 274

Cuckoo. 477

Flicker 579

A^^^i-'-'b^nt Director,
GrPciogia^ Si^rvey of Candida,

Of.tm'tt, Canada.

Janiiarj^ 17, 1889,

344

h/r{ de^r Doctor Dfmi-^on;

Since ^vrit. inr: you 1 ^^J^t I have mme a somewhat critical study
"a t'"o i'.cuse yci: sent irif: froi* KamlcopSt with the result of estab-
lit^rdng a :!*ie^' subgeruii)? for its reception, as you will ^9n fran
'•^ • -rclOii^ed j^ccoriit, v/hich I will be obliged to you if you v/ill

►.«/ .-{^> :••»» V

^•roKiDtly .

I v,i:i:\!j.\.e th?i^ you wish :^e to return the reraain^^^ of this spe-
cimen, xf GO, 'rill yai kindly give me the nuraber which it will
'^ear i>. yc:.:r kij^^eiii:. Catalogue'^' Dees ya)r iviuseum give skulls and
^^kinp of t • e -^Mxi e sDeciirj-^ the same number, or have you a separate,
03tr'clof:ierij Catalogue? If the latter, plear^e give me both num-
b-vTS* You -^^rij] see v/hat I nean by referring to a number of the
■.y-' Bpecirn'-^i! in ariy --'i T;:;y sep^n^ate^ previously oent you.

In t^ e caf'e oi ymr neiv Red-backed Maise fror-i the Ligcrd River
c ;rtry' I -mo unable to r:-^ntion th'> luimber, cwir?;^ to iVir. Whiteaves*

nme--'-^^-^ ^ny::: v/ttaiv^'. x^-; the present advanced state of science in

«

.1

• 4

\\ ;>V)

■■-a

■■:; n

345

-2-

tlH^se luattore it ir> sornew>^at of p reflecbion of Inc <jnpe ten ce upon
the describer of a species who does not mention the muBeum or col*
lection to which it belongs, along with its catalogue number^

Very truly yours,

( Dictated.)

\

\

Bd^

34ti

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348

February 9, 1889.

«f **"

5f^

Hon. Oharles 3. Farwell,
U. S* Senate.

Sir:

A littlQ more than three years ap^o I caine here to orp:ani2e and
tako charge of a Divi<5ion of Economic Ornitholofcy and Mainmalopy in
the Department of Afrri culture, I did not expect to stay more than
a year, as my salary was one-third less than I was receiving at the
oimo. ^^o'^ever, owinp mainly to the difficulty of securing a compe'
tent perr^-on to aarry on the work, T have remained^* and have become
liuch -interested in the invent if:cctt4on3 in hand, particularly those
relatlnj^ to the Creo (graphical Distribution of Species • The annual
appropriation for the Division has been so small, and has been so
largely consumod in collect inp; evidence relatinp; to the Rnplish
Sparrow and rice bird problems, tliat very little was left for the
work on Geof?;raphic Distribution^ This latter work, as you know,
can onl}' be coiipieted by the einployinent of trained field ap;ents»
It bein{? im^oosible to ?nake satisfactory proppress with the very
iiinited funds availaDie, I liave personally helped the work alonft by
oxpendinp: more than one tfeousand dollars each year in payment for
local collections which serve to illustral^e points in the dlstri-
hTition of the species concerned. I cannot afford to continue this
expenditure* Moreover, durinjr tiie past year I liave been offered
three positions, any one of which is better than the one I now hold
in the Department. Before decidinp: as to future movements I am
anxious to know v/hether or not Conpress will prant the means of .
cort.inuin^/: tae investismtions upon which the Division is enp:aFed#
This ^vork is of tlio utviost consequence from the standpoint of ex-

349

4

0

psrifaeriMal arr Iculture, and I shitll be ftlij-d to remain in ch8Lrp:e
urovided 'sufficient money is avi^ropriated to carry it on creditably*

The Coi^iHSioner of Apriciiitur© has thif? day wi'itten a letter
to S«ns,tor Pluiab, Gliainnan of the Sub-ConEiitt9e charpied with the
consideration of House Sill No. 1,3,4^55, roaldnfr an appropriation for
^.he Dei-artmont of Ap-ri culture &c., urcfine; that line 23, pap-e 9, of
SHid Dill be fiiiended by striking oat tho words 'four thousand dol-
lars" nnd substitutinp: therefor the '^ords 'ten thousand dollars,
one (.housand of which shall be mada irriiaediat^iily available'*

Truf'.tinp that' you ^ill bo wlllinn; to aid in the i^assage of
thiG ainsndnent, I bive Wie honor to remain,

Very rer.pocbfuily yours,

fi- ?

n^.Y^^Kk.

'.♦ .

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361

-*^ "Hi- 4- ttb ':^^JL^

» !U^ <te »!^ i>=»^ H-*^ ****** ,

9 JluAiwx (^^^

/

March 19, 1888

Dr« Robert Gollett,

Christiania, Nor\?ayi

My dear Sir;

For some time past I have been en^ag-ed in preparing a mono-

graph en the Arvicoiin^. Of this group I have in my private col-
lection between three and four hundred specimens, among which are
several new species and one new genus. In order to complete ny
studies of this group I am aiLxicus to exsmine as many as possible
of its European representatives, particularly those of the genus
Arvlcola. I tskG the libarty to ask, therefore, if you would like

Ml 1^1 II ^ ■ ■

Fniie

t' exchamm specimens of thv^ European species for American.
paHicuiariy anxious to complete my series of the ^^nus Arvicola,
1 8m atixicus to obtain all the LonBidngs also* Should you desire
to raakc: an exchange, I can supply you with skins and skulls of most
of the Am-r1cari species* I desire skins and skulls -- not aJco-

hollcs*

Very truly yours,

Ghiet of Division of

\ Dict'At'-u^ ;

March 19, 1889.

Dr* Robert Collett,

Christiaiiia, Non^ayi

My dear Sir:

For some time past I have been engaged in preparing a mono-

»

graph en the Arvicoling^^ Of this grcui- I have in my privaV^ col-

■••[^HAaAMMj*

lection between three ana ioxxv himci rfd specimens, among which are
several new species and one new genus. In order t- complete my
studios cf this grcup I am arjcicus to examine as many as possible
of itj^ European n^presentativas , parlyicuiariy tavjub of the genuB
Arvicoia* I take the liberty to ask, therefore, it you would like

•■•■^•••"•i

to exchamce SDecimens of th'^ Europ'^an sr^ocies for Aiierican. While
i>articularly anxious to ccn^iietc my series of the genus Arvicoia,
I am anxious to obtain ail the LoraiTdngs aiso» Should you desire
to mako an exchange, I can supply you with skins and skulls of most
of the Ani*-.r1can species^ I desire skins ano skullis --^ not aJ co-
hoi Lcs.

361

V'-TV t/rniy yours,

Chiet oi iiiv:isTon of

::mlc Omithclogy k Mmornalogy'

362

( Dictated.)

March 18, 1889

Dr. Henri de Sauseure,

Genthod, pres (Geneve,
Swltacrland.

I

My dear Sir;

For some time paat I have been engagoQ upon a monograph of the
North American species of the genus Hespercmys. In studying spe-
cimens from the southern border of the United States and from Mex-
ico I am much perplexed because of the difficulty of positively
identifying the species described by you from Mexico. In a group-
in which trie various foiras approach ofte another so closely as in
the {-^enus Besperomys it is almost impossible to positively deter-
mine the status of the species without actual ccjiBDarison. I write,
therefore, to ask if the types of the species described by you are
still in existence, and if so, in what museum they are preserved-
Would it be possible for me to obtain the loan of them for compfiri-
scn? If so, I would return them promptly-

Awsitlnp a reply, I have the honor to remain,

Very truly yours.

Chief of Division of
Kconomic Ornithology & Mammalogy.

'

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April 2, 1889^

Dear Mr. Goodo:

I hep: "^^ call your attention to tiie dangerous maimer
in which slmlls'of small mammals are kept in the National Nuseunu
They are arranp:ed in sinal] paper trays in draofers, and aa a natural
result of this arrangement imny ja^s are transposed and ifiany have
bQ?n lost* It is ail ever v -day occurrence to find in a sinfrle tray
partr> of tvo or three skulls, sometimes belonrrinp: to different ^n^
era, wtele it is of equally frequent occiu^renQe to find a skiill on-
accompanied by its ,iaws, or with one jaw oniy#

For instance, the small tray containinfr the skull of an Ar-
vicola, no* 1969, is before me as I writa#. This tray contains^
In addition to the skull and one jaw of no* 196y, two other jaws
(nos* lt)30 and 1217G-- tlie latter belonjrinp: to a different sub-fami-
ly of the ^!uridffs)# The most unfortunate circumstance of all is
that sloills of TYPSS are mixed in #ith the rest, soraotiraes fithout
any diacriminatinp; rnark, and in mors than one instance portions of
these types hav?? beon lost.

It seems hardly necessary to nrpe that small skulls should be

kept in j^iass tubes. • •

In thig cormection I take t lie liberty also to state that Prof.
Beird's systsni of putting both sfcll and skin maaber, in tho form of
a fraction, on every label is not now adhered to, so that it is im-
possible in rfiriny cases to connect a skull 'rith the sMn to which it
braonf^s. Full data are rarely to be found on recent labels either
of skins or skulls, and reference to the oatalo rue seldom supple-
raonts the im'onoation co'^tained on the labels*-

Vory truly,

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April 84, 188a#

1^« Janes G. WeXlinfc,

President Columbian Oniveralty,

lashinffton, D. C.

Bear

I„ omUfmcB. with your muest I ti*e pl»»ur9 tn tran,.
Ittinr herertth a ta-let »tet.««ent of the .<rk .t the Dirleion of

©rnitiholofgr

very truly yours

(Motated.)

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366

April 84, 1889,

Br. Jaraes 0, Wellinfr,

President, Columbian University

Washinprbon, B. C.

Bear Sir:

In compliance, with your request I take pleasure in trans
«itting herewith a brief statement of the ^ork of the Division of
Omitholofry and Hammalopy. fro^n the standpoint supr^sted.

very truly yours.

(Dictated.)

'3Q7

Division OF BOOHOMIC ORKITHOIOGT AHD MAMMALOGY, U. S. IKPAHT-

MBHT OF AGBICULTURB,

The DiTlaion of Ornitholofry and Mamraalopy of the Department of
Apricult'jre is an excellont example of a branch of Government in
wMch inveatlpjations In pure science are carried on hand in hand

with economic work.

The Division was established by Connress for the purpose of
•tudyinp the p-eorraphical distribution, mfrrations. and food-haf^ts
of Rort,h American birds and mmrnals. It has been divided into two
principal subdivisions, namely: (1) SBGTION OF GEOaRAPHIGAI. DIS-
TRIBUTION; and (2) SKCTION OF BGOKOMIC RELATIONS.

The section of Geopraphical Distribution is now enframed in
mappinp- the exact ranre of every kno^ species of Nort.h AmerlcHii
bird and mammal. In the case of birds, the breodinr ran^, wintor
ranp«, and ranjre durinr rai prat ion are indicated by different colors.
The lar^ base mps of the Geoloprical Survey are used, and a separ-
«te mp is devoted to each species. Faunal inaps are made by com-
bining a larre mtmber of species maps. In inaldng such combinations
it, is found timt a considerable percentajre of the species maps fall
into certain ^7eil defined categories ^vhose color patches are essen-
Ually coincident. The composite resultinp from the coordination
of these .naps fliay b* held to represent the natural faunal areas 6f

51

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368

I-

ft country. Several such areas may be characterized by the common
^asesslon of species not found else^'/here, and may be combined to
gonstitute a faunal province; several provinces a region; and sever-
al regions a realm, or primary 20o-p«o^'aphical divialon of the

0Brth*3 surface.

'Vhe information exhibited on these maps is obtained by colla-
tion of published records, by examination of museum specimens, and
by 'vork in the field, the latter beinp by far the most important.
After chartin^r the information derived from the two first mentioned
sources, the paps in the knowled,^ of the ranp^ of the various spe-
cies at once become apparent, a«i field a^nts are sent out to com-
plete the record. The collections made by these field ap:ents com
siat mainly of mammals and birds, but include reptiles and some
other frroups. " They are of the utmost value, not alone on account
of the infomation they afford on the ^opraphical ran,.e of the spe-
oi0ft, but because of their importance in a systematic study of the
species thaaselvea. After they have b.en worked up by the Divi-
•io« the specimens are turned over to the National Muse^un. ■'/here
they become a part of the permanent collections of that institution,
The o;^::^^ ^P H^nnnmlc Relations has to do primarily Mth the
food-habits of birds and mammals; but since the habits of nearly re.

hlAidd

aXftoliiMi

cwDwli I. ^h* U«k «t d!l«H«!fi«^lnf? «wl ^^^^ ^^ aultittidi

368

A country. Several auch areas may be characterized by the common
lossesslon of species not found elsewhere, and may be combined to
gonstitiite a faunal province; several provinces a repion; and sever.
Id regions a realm, or primary zoo-p!eopfraphical division of the

flarth

The information exnlblted on these maps is obtained by colla-
tion of published records, by examination of museum specimens, and
by ^ork in the field, the latter beinf. by far the most important.

charting

sources, the saps In the tao.l9dw ot the ran^ of the various spe-
cies at once hecome apparent, a»i field a,»nt. are sent out to o«n-
plete the reeord. The ooUeotions mde by these field agents con-
sist minly of nanmals ^ Mrd'- but include reptiles and some
other ,^oupB. They are of the utaost value, not alone on account
of the infomation they afford on the ^opraphical rsn,e of the spe-
ol„, bat because of their importance in a systen>atic study of the
.peeie. thmselTes. After they have boon worked up by the Diyi-
rton the specimens are turned over to the national Museum, ^here
ttey become a part of the perr«nent collections of that institution.
The »-»-- -' «.^no.1c Relations ha. to do prlmrily Ith tto
t«,a-hablt. of birds «>d ™™»ls: but since the habits of nearly re-
speoios differ in dHf««nt part, of the <.«mtry. it becomes

» irni

•moliiiMi

C4fnn4,s

(^

369

•f spedaff and subepeciea of Korth Anwrican maiunals and birds has
not been completed* particularly in the foimer froup. a larfje amoun
of purely technical work is necessary in order to tie down the eco-
nomic results to the species and subspecies to which they actually
belonp?. In the treatment of special j^roupa— such for instance as
+.he (fephers. Ground Squirrels, and Mice— the technical vork amounts
to a critical monopraphic revision of these firoups, based on the
study of a very large quantity of material, partly brought topjether
by the InTestipations of the Division, and partly contained in the
Rttlonal Museum and other larpje collectione. The Division is now
mrt^d in the preparation of several important illustrated buUe-

■V

tins, troatlnpr of special proups, in wMch a purely scientific revi'*
aion of the penera and species is accwnpanied by a statement of
their economic relations •

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Ab the pieolorlst in his search for mineral wealth must be pre-
ceied by the topographer, who furnishes him maps on which to Indi-
cate the position of his discoveries, so should the economic zoolo-
^st b^se his work upon a knowledf^ of the (»eopraphic distribution
of 8peci%8. ApTiculture and blolopy must be studied from the peo-
praphich sSandpolnt before man can hope to avail himself of the
means "dthln his orasp for the rapid advancement of these sciences*
But fwopraphy is only a part of the broader science of physiopra-
^hj, Physioprajhy deals with the earth's exterior in relation to
the atmosphere; it atten^jts to correlate the forms of the land—
tte mountain ranpjes, table lands, plains, valleys, and water courses
lt» i^lo^c structure, soil, elevation above sea level, and slope

KgfgmvBre

In relation to sunlight, with the phenomena of climate,

|»«iludinfr ten5)erature and moisture in their various aspects*

The aim of the Division is to explain the distribution of ani-
mals and plants by means of a knowledp:e of the conditions which
irovem thia distribution, and to formulate the laws which are opera-
tive in brlnplnp about the results we see. In other words, cause
and effect are studied In the relations of physiojiraphy to biolopor^

371

May 3, 1889

Mr. R. Boss Perry,

Fendall Building,

Washington, D. C

Dear Sir:

Tour coBwunications of April 34 and May 3, relating to Gibson
Bros.' bill against the Piologlcal Society, have been referred to
Mr. ?, A. Lucas, Secretary of the Society.

Respectfully,

( Dictated.)

> to

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May 17, 1889

My dear Mr. Thomas:

373

'

'The alcohclicB you were kind enough to send me sane time ago
must have been delayed a long time on the journey, as they reached
me only two days before your letter- I have sent you a package in
return, and enclose herewith the shipping receipt for the sarne^
The package is addressed to the Mammal Department^ in your care*

I was very glad to get the specimens you sent, particularly
Hesperomys taylori and Sorex crawfordi; also the American Bats*
The specimens I send you in return are likewise all alcoholics, and
I trust you will find them of interest* No* 3896, male, Onycho-
mys leuco^ster, is from Fort Buford, Dakota, and may be considered
a duplicate type, as Buford is only a few miles from the locality
where Maximilian obtained his type, and is the identical locality
■■■i.Audubon and Bachinan*s *Mus missouriensis' caine.iBB> Kos*

f^m-mmf

>mf» »"

5582 and 6693, Hesperomys erenl cus , male and female, are from the
lower Colorado River, a short distance only from the original type
locality. I was very much rejoiced to secure a series of speci-
mens from this region, in order to have a point of departure in
working up the Hesperomea of the eremicus group. No. 6591, male,
is from practically the same locality, and is what Coues calls
R. sonorienais. The Signed on. No. 5281. belongs to a subspecies

II W ■!! — r

374

-8-

\

which will be described shortly by Prank M* Chapman, of New York,
aiKl is from his type locality* The specimens of Tamias will pro-

mm^n^i'mi

bably interest you from their localities •

Should you care to make another exchange I should be glad to
do so provided you can send rae skins with skulls* I hate alco-
holies, and as a rule keep only one or two of a species in spirits
in my collection. I have skins with accompanying skulls of all
the species mentioned in your letter, and can send you duplicate
types of nearly everything I have described, together with fully
fifty per cent, of the known species of North American maramale.
I am now about to publish descriptions of ten or a do»en new spe-
cles, one of them an Arctcmys*

Unfortunately I have no Galifomian Otters.

I have recently sent you separates of my raararaal papers, and
should be much pleased to receive separates of your own publica-

«

tions which have appeared during the past year or so*

Why do you not include Arctomys and Castor in the genus Crice-

twB? Certainly our notions of what constitutes a genus differ as

widely as possible*

Are you not coming over here this summer?

Very truly yours,

Mr. Oldfleld Thomas,

Curator of Mammals,
British Mu8eum,South Kensington,

London, S*W*, Bngland*

' I

375

«•"

May 14, 1889

Mr. H. Nehrling,

815 North Avenue,
Milwaukee, Wis*

My dear Sir:

Your letter of ths 6th instant reached ms yesterday, and the
first part of your great woric on North Araerican Birds is now before
me» for which I am very much obliged. For several years I have
locked forward to the appearance of this work with unusual interest*
and I am very glad to see that it is published in such good style,

and that it contains so much information of value, presented in a

life
plbasant and readable manner. Slttce you ask for my honest opinion

of this book I will give it to you freely. First as to the plates^

I deem it unfortunate that the plates which accanpany the first

part do not illustrate the species treated in this part* For ob-

v:?ous reasons it would be better if the plates could accompany the

text which they Illustrate* The chrorao- lithographs are net up to

«

th'? standard which the modern excellence of the art exacts* Per
instance, in plate XIV the red color on the Redstart, arul particu-
Ir^rly on top of the head, of the Gventird, is a color never seem in
nature. At the same time the figures of birda on these plates are
excellent so far as serving pui-posss of identification. The

I

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376

-2-

drawings on plate XII are inferior, and the chron»- lithe graph re-
production is poor. Moreover I cannot see the propriety of
j^rouping six birds characteristic of a northern fauna against a
background of tropical verdure. On plate XXXIV I regret to see
that your publisher has followed the antiquated and barbarous
custom of en9)loying the female sign for both male and female.

*

simply turning it bottom side up in the case of the male. This
is an atrocity which you ought not to permit-

The red border about the pages gives the book a cheap look-
Without this border the same pages would have a very elegant ap-
pearance. as the tjpe is large and distinct and the margin well

proportioned «

How as to the text- The plan of arrangement I like very
wiefa, putting the Bnglish name first in heavy tjpe, and appending

This

a brief description In small tjpe at the end of each article-
is exacUy what ought to be done in all cases where books are writ-
ten for the public and at the same time are intended to be of sci-
entific accuracy. lour own portion of the text is admirable- I
like both your scheme of treatment and the way you express your-
self. In fact, what you say about what you yourself have observed
is above criticism. At the same time I think you quote too much
from the writings of others- This is a common mistake, and one I

. r

377

-8-

• •

rv

have myself made more than once in my earlier writings*

In your remarica on the Wood Thrush, on pages 3 and 4, you
speak of this species as a characteristic inhabitant of the coni-
ferous forests of northern Wisconsin, Michigan, New Rngland, and
the Allej^any Mountains* You draw a picture of a characteristic
forest of the Canadian fauna, with its coniferous trees, its car-
pet of dense green mess, interspersed with Lycopodium, Gaultheria,

and
Chiagenes .^ Andromeda , and then make the statement that the Wood

Thrush is 'the most frequent deniaen of these regions*, in which
you include also the Chewink. Now the greater part of my life has
been speat in the Canadian fauna, and the result of my experience
is that you have pictured the very region which the Wood Thrush
and the Chewink rarely, if ever, enter. The coniferous forests of
the Canadian fauna are the true home of the Heniiit Thrush, Swain-

son's Thrush, Red-bellied Nuthatch. Winter Wren, and the White-
throated Sparrow. You will find a tolerably complete account of
the Canadian fauna in the introductory chapter of my work on the

MamBMLi

I of the Adirondackfl> In the matter of song I do not think
you give full justice to the Hermit, probably because you are your-
self more farailiar with the song of the Wood Thrush. I hold the
Hermit to be the finest of American songsters.

Such a work as you are now publishing has long been needed in
this country — a woi* which combines accuracy and reliability of

378

« •

biography with a minimum of technical description, and illustrated
in such a way that all the figures are recognizable^ I trust its
sale will warrant the very large amount of money expended in its
publication*

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Dr. Rjbert Coiiett,

Christ i&nia, Norway.

Dear Sir:

in rgtum-

Your oste&raed letter reached me somo tinie ago, ana was fol-
lo^oQ after a considerable mterv&l by the apscw.ns, for whjch I
am vory much obliged. In a few days T shall send you a package

I ara sending you now a fe;v separstes of my maimial pa-
pers, and should be much pleased to roceive any extras of your c-^ji
pibilcutlons on aajimls that you may happon to htiv^i to spare.

I Bhonld b« frjad to make a further exchange ^^.^th you for any
of th(: Arvlcojlnle and Musteiid^.and representatives of th,- ir-n-
M'HiEMliiS. I2i2iii. an^ Arct.)ffiya. Of these 1 very niuch -uit
Bk-lis as well as skins. In the ^kins «ent thg sKuiis are inside
ine^.ead of accompanying tho skins, so that T cannct gei., a. '.hem
witJiout spoiling the skins. In inost casea I would like Siver&i

«__ ♦ ":

m<u.:Js or a ap'^cin-fc. In all cases I m part^iculyriy anxious to
have jmr jdentiflcaticn of the spocimona sent.

urJort,unateiy I am unable to supply you with South American
I m very much in need of these myself. It haa become

maiaua 1 ^ •

384

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difficult to secure mussiDn spscimens of ths Beaver, but I think I
can get you one if you will give me a little time. In what shape
do you wish it? I can furnish you good specimens, either in al-
cohol rr in i^he skin fona, of most species of North Ajusrican maia-
mais, including tho Spermophiles and Mice.

Very truly yours.

.>*30^\

Ornitbciogist

( Dict!ited. )

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385

May 27, 1889

Mr. Theodore D. A. Cockereil,

Secretary Colcrado Bioicgicai Association,
Wfistcliffe, Colorado.

Dear Sir:

Your letter of M&y 3, informing me of my election as a member
of the Council of the Colorado Biological Association, reached rac &
wosK or sc tig}, ana has just been followsd by your coniaunication of

#

the 17th instant, askinjT for ray ballot en certain propositions sub-

mitted in writing"

V*

In roi-^ard to rscorders and refereGS, I vote in th*;i affirmative
for a, c, d, and je; in the negative for b, because 1 do not consid-
er thf; person named as competent to identify birds' eggs, and I
would suggest as a substitute the name of Captain Charles K» Ben-

*

dire, Curator of Oology, U* S^ National Museum* Upon the other
questions submitted I do not care to vote either way*

In .locking over ycur reports, of which I have Nos« 2 to 13,
incluaive (I shouJd be glaa to receive Nc* l), I am impelled to
mako CB>i>ain suggestions*

!• That thetia reports, if m;rth anything at all, ar3 worth

pr^;;i^crv inp; for periiiuneAt f Ue or binding^ consequontiy that they
ought ic b:- :n -^nlt^m sise as to type^-bed and margin* The i3th

'\

386

-2-

repcrt is a misorabie little leaflet, which is almost certain to
beccmo lost*

2. That they should bear the date of publication, which at
present exists on but five of the thirteen- The others have not
80 much as the year to give a clue as to the dates of their publi-

cation.

• _

3. That the notes containing information on the occurrence
or migraticns of species should be accompanied by the date and lo-
cality. Moat statements of this kind are worthless for lack of
this information. In one place I notice a record of the appear-'
ance of the Chipmunk March 10; the year is left out, and no mention
Is made of the locality, altitude, or name of species. It is
haixlly necessary to state that records of this kind are utterly
worthless.

I am very glad to see that your membership has increased so
largely, and that your Association is so energetic.
Wishing you success, I remain.

Respectfully,

^.Vjk>^

( Dict{Tt,ed.)

-*<

387

May 29, 1889.

Dr. C* J* Forsyth Major,
, Porto Santo Stefano,

Toscana, Italy.

Dear Sir:

In my work upon a monographic revision cf the Arvicolinae I
have had occasion to consult your very valuable paper entitled
VRRTRBRATI ITALIANI NUOVI 0 POCO NOTI, published in Volume III of
the Atti del la Societa Toscana, in 1877. In it I fim the beet
■ illustration cf the teeth of members of the genaa Arvicola that I
have ever seen- I should be very much pleased if you could spare
me a separate copy of this paper in order that I mav have it for
ccnveniant reference. I take piaasure in sendinj^: you by Ihis post
a few of my own publications relating to maranaia.

I am particDlariy interested in the Arvicola glareclua from
Italy, and am exceedingly anxious to examine a specimen of it.
Wcuid you be willing to exchange a specimen for some of our North
American mtunmais?

( Dictsl £d.)

Very truly yours.

Ornithologist.

388

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401

WHO nlSCOVRRgP TFF TTO JN ORNITHORPYNCFUS^ ?
On returning frcra central Arizona, where I hflve been engafred
iR biological explorations, I find.uponmy desk an itnpor^.ant paper
ftntitled'On the Dentition of OrnithorhynchusS by my friend Old-
field Thcnas Ksq., Curator of Jyiamnala in the British Mts©uin*-(Bee

fjnc. Royal floc.VQl.4CM88i), 126.131, pi .2.)

The opening sentence of this paper is as foil owe: "At the meeV
itte of the 0th Df February, 1888, ilr^ ^.B* Poulton citniminicated to

this Society the first discovery of the presence of teeth in Orn
thorKvnchus, a dis^-overy which naturally^ awakened extreme interest
tbroURhout the srientific world.' A few lines further on Wr, Tho-
wt continues: "The g;rand fact of the prteence of teeth in Kiono-
trernes, and their mannalian nature, are discoveries on which Mr'i
fbulton may well be congratulated' #

From the above I infer that considerable stir has been imde ty
the assunwd ne» 'disr-overy' that the young (^miJlA^ortynchi

has

teeth

If my British col leases will turn to the ]r.asterly work of
thoir illustrious counr.ryinan. Sir !?verard Pane, they will find in

the second volume of hls'Lecturei

>arativs Anatomy* (publish^

in IbM) no less than three beautifully engraved plates, containinp.

eip:ht fij-ures, of the skull Bid iricuth pp-ts of OnithorhynchiPi

Four of thesn ficmres show the toeth— two on each <^ide of oach ,ipw*
The PxnTanptlon aoconp^nyiRP; Fifr. I,Tab:M>: is «b follc^vs:"/'- vipw of

^■■r. virper !'■:« and pf^^f^'"'> ''"' " '' ' '" ''"^^ "'^ '■*" ^■""' n:riiv' --^j'; t^etn

<■■ ■< ft

^ *% ^* '"> -." ^ * '

! e 6

Retake of Preceding Frame

PISCOVBRBD

.^•Tf'

On returnli^ frm central Arl«ona. where I hftve been engaged
$M biological exploratlonfi, I find .upon my desk an ic^orfcant paper
anfcltled'On the Dentition of Omlthorhyitchus', by roy friend Old-
field Thomas Req-. Curator of Ummlt In the British H^useuin4-(Bee

Fj«c* Royal Roc.Vol#46»188lM26.181,pl.2.)

The opening sentence of this paper is as followat'At the »eeV
Ur of the 9th of February, 1888 ,!»•> K.J0* Poulton comnuniRated to
this Society the first discovery of the presence of teeth in Ornjc
thoriffnchua, a disowery which nattnwlly^ awakened extreme interest
tiroURhout the scientific world.' A few lines further on Wr. Tho-
mi continues: 'The grand fact of the prteence of teeth In Wonc-
tremes, and their maninalian nature, are discoveries on which Uri
fbulton may well be cmgratulated*^

Prcin the above I infer that considerable stir has been n»de ty
the assueaed rww 'dlsrovery* that the jpung

has

teeth

If roy British colleagues will turn to the inasterly work of

ryman

the second voltiiae of his",

•ej

trativB Anatomy' (published

in i«14) no less than three beautifully engraved plates,, containing
eight fif^res, of the skull end mouth pa He of Ornithorhynchue*

Vour of these fi«ures show the teeth— two on each side of each ^bth
The

.e explanation accono^nyinc^ Fir, I,T9b;Liy ie^ hb follows rtA view of
^0 lumper in^ and prant^^. to f^h-r tVnt 'v^ :\ve two Rrmnin^r tneth

» ft

pi^\ ^

^•ae^ti

401

J

kt

[vf

!e

WO DISCOVERED THE TEE'm IN ORjnTHORHTOCHU'? 9
In TTaf.ure for November 14, profs. Flower and Latter critl-
te which appeared the week previous {Nature, Nov, 7, p. 11)

402

cise my no

concerninp: the discovery of teeth in the younp: Ornithorhynchus.
They promptly dismiss rau claim tiiat *^ir Everard Home discovered the
teeth of the younp Ornithorhynchus by statinp: that the structures
described and fipured by ??ir Everard are the well known cornules

of the adult aninsl.

If they will take the trouble to turn to the plate cited by
me, namely, plate MX of the second volume of Home's Lectures, 1^*14,
and will read the accompanyinp; explanation, thev will see that Home
was familiar with the teeth of both the younp; and the old animal.

For the benefit of those viho may not have accef?s to Home's
Lectures I here reproduce outline tracings of two ol his figures.
Plate LIX, fig. 2 shows the teeth of the younp; Ornithor'Mcus—
the "first set", as Home says, "to show that there are two prindinp;
teetJi on each side". The next figure is a similar tracing from the

sue

5Coeding plate in Home's L 'Ctiu-es (pi. LX) which represents, to

again use Home's own words, "the under .ia* o^ ^'^^^ ^^H grown Or-
nithorhynchus paradoxus, to shew "hat there is only one grinder on

each side".

comp

Both of these figures BlTo. natural size.

In the face of these facts, further comment seems unnecessary.

I admit, of course, that Home did not discover the chemical
osition of the teeth of the young animal— this was Poulton's

discovery.

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411

December 11,1890#

Dr, George H. Honi,

Corrssportdiiig Secretary,

Acaderry of Natural Sciences,

Philadelphia, Penna.
Dear Sir:

Your oommunioation of the 9th instant, informing me of my elec-
tion to corresponding membership in the Academy of Natural Soienoes
of Philadelphia, has just reached me.

I accept this membership with a due sense of the honor conferred
and shall esteem it a privilege to promote the interests of the Acad-
emy in every way within my power.

In a few days I shall take the liberty to send to the Library
of the Academy as many of my scientific papers as remain undistribut
ed« I have the honor to remain.

Very respectfi0.1y.

t -

^-^lk»lA^ v\N\\JVn*^>>v^a^i^ ^

412

;ary LH,1891

Prof. «'t. i'.ro^r.i ■Tooue,

Director U. ^. Natioiu.i Muyero"!,

V/ashin/rton, D.

■ i

My dear f^oode:

At the request of mv father
relatirj? to the iiite^^ ""ked hliV

; t/ransmit herewith Qiq data
\V^^^fi denosited bv him in

the iv'iUSGum sometime slnc^a*

(Dictated.)

Respeolfully,

**»«^.^ 1 '

» /

/ i,

\

413

INTERIX)CKED ANTLERS OP THE ELK OR WAPITI (CERVUS CA:^A])ENSI3)

From Carroll, r,'onta.na.
Deposited by Hon. Clinton L. Merriam^of Locust Grove, New York.

These interlocked Elk antlers were f-mnd by a half breed
named Red Bagle while hunting Buffalo near the Little Rocky
MomUlns noHh of C.^rroll, Montana,, in February, 1882. Red
Ea^le immediately returned to Carroll and told Mr. J. W.
Shultz of his discovery. Mr. Shultz macie a 'bob sled' . hitched
a cayuse to it. and drove to the place. He says: "The antlers
were lying in a broad ravine which --ns from the Missouri to
the noimlains. The backbones of the animals .rere still, at-
tached to the skulls, but bhe wolves had torn the hides, and
torn off the leg bones and some of the ribs. The -roimd
about the place was tramped and trooden down, as if Iho ani-als
had become interlocked and finally had died^of starvation

and exhaustion.*

The following letters relating to these antlers ware re-
ceived by Mr. Merriam.

[From Htm. Judge Jolin Dean Caton, Chicago, Illinois
(Owner of the Ottawa, Illinois, Elk Park, and of one of the
largest collections of antlers in America).]

Chicago, Illinois, October 22, 133:^

Dear Sir:

You have laid me under great obi? -ations b" your

favor of the 9th instant telling m.e of the interl-ckod Rlk
antlers. I have never .sen Inte^-lonked Elk antlers thoi^,-rh
I have heard it stated thot they hav- been found, but I can-
not recall by whom, and 1 am not sure that it was from one

414

«

I'

who had seen them or but a rumor. It is certain that they

are very rare

Yours very truly.

J. D« Caton.

[From the late Professor Spenoer P. Baird, secretary of

the Smithsonian inatitutitwi.l

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

August 20,1883.

Dear Mr. Werriam,

I do not think that I ever saw interlocked

Elk antlers, and congratulate you upon ffettin^: them. Do you

not think it would he better for you to send them to the

Smithsonian Institution ?

Yours truly.

S. P. Baird.

[Prom the late General Delos B. Sacket, Inspector Prerieral,

tJ. S. AitBy.l

Cape Vincent, New York,
^ August 21.1888.

My dear Merriam.

Yours of the 17th instant is at hand. I have

not seen nor have I heapd of interlocked Blk antlers. You

should be a happy man to have such antlers in your possession.

They should be handsomely mounted and will be worth going a

lofli? distance to see. I have seen a number of interlocked

Deer antlers but those of the Blk I have not seen. I have

seen, and they are now in the Museum at Ann Arbor, Michigan,

a pair of huge antlers, one side Blk and the other side Moose.

They are a great wonder and I would have given a great deal

for them

Yours very truly.

D. S. Sacket.

415

fttt-Kim.

i:^-.

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425

/v

0. B. 2

Novroi:ibor 20

240 Beaci>a Strsei,

D^iar i'r. Bari^s:

Your hi'Aer of ina i8th ins'... has just coine to ha^^ci.

In .view of t .aa fact Uiat I liave been liard. at wo^'i^ in this
fiaid for more ti-an fift,.^:' years, it soa^^s nardiv fforU-^hils to
.vaslvj tame in axscjussirv-. priori :. -.n ol'.s rield, or prloriL:' of clain%
HeitU'Ji* ciia it ev^r occv-f i: ra h'uxX. y «.•;.■ hud. intend ^?d to restrict
voui-salf to tjasi-ei-n Mortii Afrirxca, dr.cibjnuci! a.? yo.. ;;avij b..i=3n purOiAS-

::«■', spnoinidns fruj; various po3i-t

V:\-i r^est, from soutt^'^.cn Gaiifor*

n^a bo Britlf^:. Ooi:uir.bTa. Hv^ovor, ail thi<^ has no iijoaring or Uio
A'JMi your coiitaniplcU/^d book; on tbi cont.rary, I hop.:^ 'yoi; wj 11 V^rinK

IT*"'

book Oil ;>iJ^J p.;itirv:ais of ea^^'^r.; bior..^. A

.0-; :

:jc^

will' ^'i^ a sr^ail and- in3Xf ^-) :s.Lve voii^^ie, c=..-^, •

*

intended cn,iofiy for popular asa ana ar^ut ir^-,
!*e'*se a t.echrucai trealii^^. T do n^b cor;

Hj^ .^andr^'i^o

itHr] f*. It is

• 1 ■■

•. jr k;

plates, excer.t po^siol^ a f^m/U.^ one' Fo^' a ^' .if?p.:^ae. T-vLfi book.

^ . •

Wil3^^

^^^

^ I hopa to pii-blish in the spri:::%

^n j 1

n .(.- f.

Ti:

In r(.; ^a.

f ■ • ■

r

teTvfsr<^ w*i^- ..our mva-e aiaborata volume, but by fuDiis^- riy:^ son.^ i^aady
'.i-^r^ '>^-' T^ ^^^ - r-i:)c- c^^ coiwon- -'^anp^a Is will ra.ke thiB field avai'la-
bU for a lai-^or nunibor of pefsors, a -^ t.^iareby pavo the vva,. for, and
ircrt^as^ Uie sala of •/ our more ola])Graf.e book.

I Bhail s piad to exaniina the'^r:: .i-oiva fi-wi.. I.nu.:ar: ^'err

.• I^OJ'I

whori it arrives, c.-^d let you kiow t
1 3:' of ibt^ ioa:: ;>f rr:al^v]'iaiv

K:r.;]r. ThanK? for

\-.5.r 0-^

\

'7 £» ".-v ■

truly -ours,

es^

427

Nove^rbar ^'>

Pr^-;tc:-^feu.'* 'iofiry 7^ Osborn,

Columbia College,

New York,

My dear OBbora:

In reply to your letter of the 25th inst

O 9

lVI:^t,

• f-' — \

e.3iv(id, T urn sandii^-; you a oompleto set of the base maps u-s-ji !>„- '-i
in piat.tj.n.5 geographic distribution. Tho small maps reduc-j r.;f:..»?.:/ -^
photo prooai'S to octavo page or even half page.

For purposes of reference we constantly usa •'

»♦.;■

i ^ ^ .**,
«, 4 ^

Office mar.s (published by the Department of the Tnterio:'),, tha if^oT-:,
Ruutt-J maps (published by the Post Office Department), ths nutiy.? ::^i.b"
ids.had by the gmjinear Department of the Army, and tViokn of th-; "oo-
logical Survey* We have a special case for the contour nh^jts wf I'rB
Geological Survey, which we find the most important of all. for do-
tal led work, so far as the surveyed areas are concerned.

* -; .■,•■•,

Perhaps I can sufficiently answer your question t'.ocUi,
the use of iraterial by stating that when Allen was at work en {.by
Chipmvmks I sent him all the specimens of Tamia_s in rr/ porsonai c.-i-
l act ion aiic in the Department collocticn. When he waK at vwc rk on rils
"*?visloi'i of ti"c Ibrvost Vica I ?er.t hi-rs aJ 1 of tho ap(,V3iffi8n£ unaer ry

I

p

) • . ^

i.-^n^

^^im to this f':rouF, aUhoi:^h h^ dl <

f.'

4 »--p.

riKkud f(.r Weasel nia«rial T s..rt >ilni all -'' • :. :w" ^;;^c: ^
Bt... ^aas.ls. and all those in th. repurt.u.v^ oo.i.HU.u.^
...,v.5,,a.ied the autiiuritias of Ih^ Katiomxl. V'.^.-.^ ■/

•- .» ' '

, . , :. rt:..cl..ers. You r'^ay better iirr^^^^^^^" '^'^^^ ■■•"' ^■■'''''' ^'^'"^
; .• i.iiat 1 had been colieetirv^ .^easels f.r tho ra^a Uelrcj

,: , 1 she special object" cf mono^^raphir^ this prcup. u;a u.aL I

,^;- ,, . :-..^i quantity of rmnuscript already typewritten oaror--: 'Bhr^-^

I have also i;Uon Gerrit Miliar fro^ ac<v,.s ■• t...>

.vvj-rJ'. .

,M.v.n. cf Arr^eri^an b8.ts und^r my charge. *:nch 1 ha.a/i'ad.j a. ,
' of e.iiuctine for many vears. an.1 .onc.rnir,;: .vM.h I hav. a

..■;!;f,--vf. or rranu^eript notes and nieasurernent

T have aiioiT'H' liy'-:

>i -

; ' ,,...:. r.ew sv,GCies, and have onahlod hi.: to pr^-a-u a.

. , r- !{iS£ertil1pnida^. I have also given him '..a-r ?M..,i .1
...- t.u.on in the preparation of his roc^nt aunii-abb) m>^^ >
'a..r:,!ra and Subgenera of Voles and Isvrir^^/
..^..... .r ,.r.e Uiustrations used in this paper war-^ ■.:ad. s.:V.rai

... Lv rersonai use. but all wero freely turned oV.r to

A I'.^r:

\!^i-^r^ •■'vr-'"

■^v..?'!': i « a^i

,:.r. .'.eanlly I have placed two other large groups at hi. di.-
d b.uev. that- he will prepare ^onoKraphie reviulons cf th.r

» • ••>

-edit, to himself, and a ftraat oonvonierr-.^ i. aU

I do not rcrrenibor to liave ever dc>ciir.^>d t

i,av5 «:.cu.an^^ l.u any ^oputablo natura'i.i who .s ^

( .

if* 'J 1

.i^nu. oropx-sitio- T iricrA-^/ihly -^ol-'V

ac

¥

428

H ^ 0 3

* • -^

T.r^tjiria^ where it will do the most good.

On the other hand T recognize that .VuseUiT.s are puivlis
ana that they ara in duty bound to impose cartal'.'; .'iistrict-

icr.s 'or tno safe keeping and permanent preservation of thalr treeS'
I recognize also certain personal rights in the way of first

ci.ti !3 nn jraterlal. For instance, if one of mj men is at vork on a
rop-:'-.Mv jn the birds collected by him in Mexico I should rot o.onsiiuir
it \ji\h 10 Fiva others access to his specimens until his rer ort wan
rv .,j-saea, Stiii, as a matter of fact, I have granted Ric^govay un-
rni-tricted use of ail "our thousands of Mexican bird skins for his
Sv-Mvi ais cf the Birds of North America, notwithstanding the -"act

V *

«
U

iirit hif. Aork is sure to appear before Nelson's Birds of Mqxicq,

A^rain, I should not consider it fair to rycelf , or that
It v?ouia bert serve the interests of science to send to son^-.o other
w.v.'Aer rratar'ial on which T am personally at work. This rtdjfiit apply*
to a particular group (as Shrews or Kangaroo Rats^i, or to a particu-
lar arosi (as J^exico or Oregon),

Very truly yours.

«2t

Docombor 'o, 1895.

Hon. (Uxr dinar G. Hubbard,

•Vashington, D, C,

Sir:

In roply to your inquiry as to tha actual authorship of tho
publications of tho Biological Survey (formorly Division of Ornitholo-
gy and N'lanunalogy) , of which I luive charge, I bog to submit tho fol-
lowing statemont:

Th9 publications of tho Division consist of Annual Reports ,
articles in tho * Yearbook ' , and two regular series of documents en-
titled rospootively Bulletins and North Aniorlcan Fauna.

The Annual Reports » in addition to the perfunctory account of
the. work of the year, coiTiprise special articles by Vernon Bailoy,
Walter B. Barrows, F. E. L. Beal, A. K. Fisher, anti C. Hart Merriam
all of which are printed under the names of their authors.

The Yearbook was first published in 1896. The articles thus

far contributed to it by this Division are seven in number and bear

the following titles:

l.The rreographic Distribution of Animals and Plants in North Amori

' ca. By C.*H. Merriam

2 .Hawks and Owls as Related to the Farmer. By A. K. Fishor,

S.T}io Crowblackbirds and their Food. By F. E. L. Boal.

4. Four CoitBTion Birds of the Farm and Garden. Ey S. D. Judd.

5. Tho Meadowlark and Baltimore Oriole^ By F. E. L. Boal.

6.Bounties and Bounty Laws of the United States. By T. S. Palrror.

7. Pood of the Blue Jay. By F. E. L. Baal.

Tho Bulletins of the Division consist, with a single exception,

of special reports on the economic relations of Birds and Mairmalg

430

P f^ ti ^. 9

rror^arcd Iv, Rr]d publif^hod undor tho Vi^ms^^ of, ny aKi^lrtants. The

oxcortior is Bulletin 2 on the Bird V.i.:ratlon,l:)3r Prof. W, W. Cooko.

FollO'Ving H^o tho litios o" the 8 EuliotmR thue. frtr puliislied:

l.'i'ho Rr.^l.ish ?;pKrro»v in Ar'! 'r." 1 f' • ■ . Bi' ^-TaltG:- B. Barrows.
2.^ in] m oration v l/no W? psiss.it pi Vui]o.y. By W. *'. Cookti.
;>.'in;o Pa-.v'R-.'ap:' Owls of t.Bo Unit«e <^^•atos i-- tnoir relation to

Ac':ricu!tur-o. fr" A. K. Fishor. ,. .^ , v n,

4.?ro nround Snuirro!'* o- R:.or>"ophilas of tJio Vissie^^irpi valioy

i-j'" V f^ rrio n Ba i i i;y

i.T''o Pof'kpt>,nnhers oS tho United St-ates. By Vomer. Hailoy.
>,Tho Oo-anon Cr^^s of the United Statas. By Walter H. Harroivs

go A. Fch.var::;. - r n i

7. Tin ^-)od of Woo(?•^•eoAor^'. T?y ^\ i^. L. Bonl .

T'-n ToripuGs of Woor:r)r:('.kcrf^. B^.^ ^- /.• LueaB.
8. Tho Jack Rahbits of tho United Hatos. By T« S. Palr^or,

Th'^ T.-nolir<at^-*r '■;r.t:tlod North Aroricar Faiaia cnr.rr' v-os trtv-^hni-

ate

^nl T;aT)ors on the Katiirtii H^^1,ory of r,-jr ciountry. Ton nun^ors. non-
tainin-' 't'^ articlos. hr.vu beor pij1:>] jy^h^^d. Of thoso 4c arti?lo8, 3
^ore ^ritton ly Br. hc-nliard Stjnoror; ? by Ger-it S. Keillor, Jr.;
) nach By Prof. C. ?. Kilcy, Pro% S. 'V, Wiiiiston, liir. P. H. Uhler.
Prof. L^iwroixo Brim^r, Prof. C. H. ailBert. Br. R. S- C. Stoams.
:>•. ?, ?^. Palrior, a^ Br. A. K. ^i^^hcfv, an;1 3'! by rysolf. Enoh is
(niUli shed uncor ',ho n:r:e o*^ its auth-r.

A cn-^ploto pet of the r-uBllcation? of tho Biv^slcn is f?3nt you

hGrc7*'i th ,

I a;- not awa)'(> t'lat I have -v^ r laihli^'^od, cither ir tho s^ion-
tii'ic^ i:mlieationH of tho Bivision or Jr papor^^ puhlishod -iiteido

of tho Bivisiwi, a sririglft ...m' vrittor hy anyone gIkg, for v>^hioh ^'ull

cff'-ih iii ;Kvt *nvf?n.

Co f .. .T- ":-,r ro!-ii i^n*; -vith w apfif'tJints ro, I hnvo not only

nwei- p^iBlishcd m^l-r -y nan.) iinything written By i.hom, nut huva
.l..,Mrp .Prni2>^aj''^d thor; to p-;hU.Rh inr:op'*r.-9nt 1 y ^-c hnvo -iirnishod

. . , p , ,^, ,,- ,y., ^,;v, not"S anri r-unu?/' r i r>t s . nm' mworous

thoir. irijuiareds of put'ON .»; f^N o./u aoi.... u.u

431

It • V ' • il • "■ "" \5 •

iliuBtrations, which have bean r^ubiishod by thotr. under their o.vn
}Tnno8--thev civinp: mo crodit for iho data so usod. As a Tnattor of

•• V..' '— ^

fact during the past tw-olve years I have spont vastly more timo over
the !rianueGripts of rr^y assistants than in the preparation of my o\m

T^apors .

Respoctfuliy,

\

^.\€^>C^

vM»s^;Cv

*

432

r

r

r^r

f

t

r

i;

r

r

f

^1

J

Fi^ll

r^i

§\}m»

o

8t

■J

I

i

X.

^Bh

li^ld in the Bird t>aii.'n7 oi lao Smithsonian Tnslitb^io^,

• f^ 1

Thv^. mr7^-)irLnf^ hus ^t-j. :».d .:i iO A« ^:« present; uv. lSiltiK.1 •".^. js»
Dr. n. ilart yarriain. ^^i^ Hubert Ri%.vu.;.

On liioLion of Dr« i./te)Tiari,Di\ Coues v/as raae Chainrian :..r thu Co.t>-

f)r. J'terria*n w^va:; taat ilio a<^t Ion takon at tho Cambi*id,'^ii iiit^ol/irr

on tile iVdjriQ DrvobdtfiS i-^/Ml'unuR i:^; /^::in*;nHideraci

n

■ fc.^,— ■^.■,.

».i^ii»t i^fc.

(;ar'* -a

I>r. IV^iijrriam read Canon So ,;i -.he A. 0, I!. Coda, which prov-u^^-^

unat: *A specific or Sui^si^^cif ;i(^ nair;e is t^u bt^ chan«^i:^d wijon .

.••";r» c»

boan ai/pliod to 3or:\e other spaciu^ of th^ sara^ ;^on-.iS, or u^^ed. prd-
viouiii^ ill combinaLioa »iri».n i!;ti i-^an-o j^^on^iric naUiO*, and st:it3a ll;dl
this Canon iiiul b-t^n vi^iatoa b^ tho arv:..'..:: ., f tii- ("o-ij^utioc? in 11;^;^ ^
Qix?.a of iju^vobatos !^io!Uanujs Anthom*, Canon o4 dislincli;, ;/, v^a^^;^
fur two ciasaos of <:aseJ5: (i) m which ^ namu m.,.iSt ha e;kin>'-^d wi^-:^^^ ;r>
lias bi^en applied :*^ so- : othor spuci^^a of thiL sai^o j7::?nt>H: (;3) .^^no-i it

ha?' o^ron usod prtiviovii:!;,^ in conbinati.on v/it.i i»rio sair;;^ K>nc

Th.

•* i ^ " • ' I ■■'

in ou.i.nl- ■^:\J. U .^fxitf.

1-,

in"S: -ii.hia. n^^;, i .iv- n>in''j li.-:. .'bH .;.«]<:

...^-•' ;l

.L^JKH Anl.L, r ot!

J I

' ' ^ , ! I . » • < V

Pj.y>.;.j}_n:r^nvg0a3 nrate,

'.

435

r-M-,>3Qeo t.0 wolone ..0 tba seu-.o :^-5m:i£

^. , .,,. ,. r>^ • ^-- ^>rr-^ -i.^^ iroved that the nains Dryoba-

Unanimously carried.
- -•^.' .;..i» r^-ct.^ n-* ' rvo^cTt-js pubasc^nf^ nolsoni

o<^ rt^conoiaai'od*

:;arriad.

-. -arv^i- st.t--c. thut Picus v.ulascans(M^ux^us)^vas bas3d on
C,.i,:>bj a™ :ri..so.. .r,a =.il.<. ..V.o.Ucn .0 Ih. r.cl .hat .ris.,on6
-:!«; «.^^^ i.-o.^. nr,ir.ia o;- :aroli»., a-i ..beoty's fmo '>.^-Una
or :ku-i^; .^-.u co..,e,u„ -.U;- .i:.o u;. near., M5:l"_5".^ "^^^^ ""^^

#

of Jio species, c.b wab cone by i^vrainson.

.^ T .^o- f^r»i-,^ -^^ i"^rv*rian KC-ed ti:=au tre eastern

lorrn;^ ot b£j^O0auas 1^^}^^^^^:^^

nryobatab pa;joacens(;,inn. 1. ijp»^ ^-^^^ "^^^ - ^^^^

( ^

W"^tT<It"e'i pill' esc eria naUoni. Ob.:M!0-..-.r. i/psi--
"^ Uaa?ii:^oualy carrieu.

n<- .::crri.ua inoveu tiia- ^h^ ^^^r.e^l• a.^.c .- — :.i^^. ^ ^^ ^^ 1 jk^^ ,^A^ ^^

nvr[Jf.irtica--^ly carried.

a faii

r •■ -^-V;

Hili^,ck*^^^ ^v^^-— ^^j^

-.. .:erriar. i.ovcd wu.b the -.mu. Arro.:0^a be admitted for tnt
te...-ic=.-. 1.1.03 pr.,viou.i;.- ■•sfe=T=i to t,l,e ;,.«. S2.e;.nHira,tho .

- wn v "h^v i*u6 p'lacialiiri r^olui^^a >^as doferrod^

vicridma -as u^fer^^ed.

^ •*\r

^ .- ' .. f-»

88t

r4m~- -"tte-tf^^'W*

437

;:5

On motion of Br. K'orriain tha casu of Ca rd 1 na 1 1 8~ r i or . aanu s was

raconsiderod.

Dr. Werriani movod tluit Cai-d 1 nal : s card i naljs _flo rj,daivs Rid.^^Aav
be acoeptod as a valid subspecies. Unanimousij- mri'ied.

Dr. MetTiajTi moved that Agoia^usJ-^w9nieou^ be

Unanimous!:, carriod.

admitted.

Dr. Merriani moved that A»iniodra;nu3 Karitirous macj^iij^i^ii bo ad

p.ittGd as the breeding bird of Louisiana. Carried.

• •«•«•«••*•

9 •

»•••«•»«••

The Corrunittee adjourned at noon fcr lunch, and reconvsnKl at

1 P. Nf.

Tlio case of U a 1 an c rp o s ^.f orjiij c j ^i'.i!-!i. g-g i*i gg-ibi *'^s taten up, and
speeirranr, were Gxa^^inou Lru.: varioiu; r-rlnts in tho southwt^stern I'nitad
States, Mexico, and Cuat^-aia. Swuinson's type of J^anoa^;R_fo^•!ra-
ciyorus cjxnia from I'cm.HScailepoc , -..n the soutli slope of Vim volcano of
Toiuca, in the state of Mexico. Specimens coiiectad by Neis^ p at

s

evorai points near the type locality proved to bo tlie black-lr'easlai.
fom., recont,ly recognized b^ ■Ridijwa, :..s Mi_XjL_a£i:iS§iiii^^ Kearns [Rid-rr

wa^^Man. B i r^flpncT SI . p u<J7. 1396], *'hich forrr. ranges over the wnoi.-'
tableland region of ?,^oxico, and thnnoe northwanl to western Toxaf. .
New .Vexico.and Ariacna,

Tn view of those facts Dr. Merrioih moveci thai tne bird r'jcognized

by Rio^wai as Velancrpes f. aculeatug stand as f;l:..ro?]:}i«iiL2ri;!l' -^'*'^

4

► f"\

'; It it/

, . 8oui.hv.ard to Cosia Rica,

.■a fro!': rhiapari t--t. • - ■

f !!nanlr.'.uusiv carririd.

1)6

on .

ivji. Ri'J-^-'

, . , c- '.- --.■■•■* Pd for 'labia, 0'

,-, .-^ ^^■'Ta.h in Hi.viwiAniirui
... .Q ^hnt Uitria '^c.i^-'« ..• m^p^^^ -^

, Carried*

" """^^^'i '''"'* "''.,, ,/_,.^ M.d standing in i^o Gh.cR List und^r

. -. 1 . , ..,.- ,-»Psr«-i:;t-tu by bin in thu 2nd

i-i >M^'''' Jv;rCO li :'.^.-^^-^±'> ^ :■•".-:. i—-

-,,... -. .-Talis shufiioti. "o.<.a

Oi- V'errxa:n nov^io Ina . .u. ..a...-..^_, — »

rv'ch if'-p •■.itedaled.

.:1S, -.

Carri'id.

isiund^tl^irornia. oa ucuuot.ci c.b a -i -

Cari'ied.

D^'. Mi^rriai'. moved I'.iat Deijo.iiiib.iJL-.ii^'i — — -

A: -• t Lc - lit-* v'^iiCU^TU.lc. vi^ •-*' rir **^^

Abarhoisor. Auk. Jan. IHiffj.

Carriou

>«t4

IS -n and Afisor
. , , . ;. . .„..,,, :rt e.xira;.ir::i»^al sp«>v..ii... ..

.^^;.;ronC') ir

Zdivvii-'d^

V.

:::i3»:

A. A

V' >

_ C 1. «bi<lb Jt • ^ % » - _^K, ^^^ ^MA.*

J

88^

439

t>

H;-;'- •- C-'l

• Mr. Ri^fiway moved tiu.i 1 h. tiam. ':Vir£^a_alrina..cac^lo5 uf Iho
Dr. ?..;:jrriaii movoa t.nul, the nui>. '.•■■■

1 IH, 20^-^04, Ji.iv. iSwC-l. Harri^o.

f^''abgir,lS''">) -5

cliaiv

Faxon, Avk, vo

Mr. Pidt;*av Kbv,3>i Uiut tbi <-"!•« ?i^i.r'-?5-i^i^

„ -,«. ,„.>:« ,'r."^-i^ ^•■'.iS^ r"=^8« f'iit.. BiT-ns Brit,

- ♦ i,..i tr^ fi^-- if P,['fin\-& boreal iS vorsuS- P.
kuhli be dtifarrad.

«w *

Mr. Ridgway mov-d Lr.a'. ?^lt:--:^i^.,^M2^±^^ ■'"^"

instead c-f Zjll^±i^^:^:2,J^^^^ ^ ' 'A^H^ ^ ^^ ^ ^^^^ ^^^mi^j^^

•♦,

uHlTlOCl*

Dr. ^iivviBi. inovud that, tho caB. of ?:,£Iim^nZhki^l -^ "^

'^ < .i .+ n't

i»d

Mr. H:^uK^Hy mc^i^^ th.^ j^th-a 3./>a be not- ehariKed to Nvriii,^,
l)r ^-^ —.-am wcv.a that the can;? of t^Ui^,.i^L^^ ^■'- -' -^^^

h

j^.i

• i «

X.'.^,

-r,V9i-\ t-ria

I C ;

r'lar.'-i.la and [U'al^'^iii"

1 1 i \' -y-^

h-:

^ Carriod,

>'2.

: . t' , :

f^rimea.

r, • . ->^-:^ \fv<\ vx'H'l .^■*-^-''» ^'"^"'-1 •

»••..••'.

»> ."•l •"> ^'^

Ihall':.;^ bf> iaciuaei: ;n t-'»- v.......^

!)^**, f-^ici^'^i^--

1

,,/^'^r Mat. AlL^V^A^

*,» "1 ;-*

....... ' ? •<! T r • 1 » ■ •. <• I .1 ....

'■ '■j.i-iir^--- » r-»' Jr -— -— ■■■

/'.

v.'t' ' - • '••■'•^ •

_.. :.,,..rp«rs?. ami Tri:'ii>;a oc-»«|esA be

Currioo

; Viki'';^^'^'^

:s: rnc-ved ^.aa:.

i.h;

•iii.^v>^-' tc^ ivxli

^ »•'

ana :.?

i ;

^J^;s stanJ as i^■^ii■■i:-a'-V^t:^—^■ "■'■■•''-'■' ■

c * J t <'« *

440

f .'

f

1

... ct .co-.^-^ V r^js^^d to full .:;^neri^ rank,
.• I -. n— .'-• •rpnii^.s. phalaropus and 5;to-

C.urr'icd ,

•• 4-i8.,.. T'i-''i-in rplidrvy^'' ,'^^nuai N, k-^, siras,

Carried*

^^rll. V.f^.. XXI,; '- J'

^.' 3 i.v.^'- TT-Y»r.- -i'^--'j,a7l of tho Check Listbe

Mr Ridgway moved tha. J^nc. i-.L^^>v-t.> i- ^^

c;}.^u>:cd to J-^rnectsn^. vjhich prove, to have boar based or a

spHien of the red^backod form si^bsequontly naiaed J, ^^^^^ ^]

Junco

be inserted into th^^ Check List^^jafiiiiafii

Auk, 14, p. .Jan.lBOVTJ

As aiT^ended, the two forms wUl stand thus:

t^rr T,ir,r.o TTA-irnsi BiuRv/ay. Pink-sided Junco
bob. J.l]rflO R?«*t"Si ^-^ 9 ' iA Pirfpwav's Ji3bo
55S 1 -Jnnco annectons bajrd. , KxOgway s ju^^

J.ucar

tut ad ior

tes Cabanis.

I

4^

Jl

4

^

•#

i

bh

44

ci

Ijf+l

h^h

^hh

Dec.l2,18£H3,.

Dear Srewstjer:

The riAsh of work of tho HomencJalure Coinmitteo ha§ \^af^ m
from answorins your letter of oho 8th inst. This OommiUee. it
seems to me, should look upon its work more seriously, I think
we (I inolutie myself) are inclined to rush the work along tpo fast
without giving some questions the time they deserve. Recent
events seem t,o prove this; also the fact that questions settlad
one way by unanimous vote at Oambridge 'vere settled the opxjosite
way by unaiiimous vote here. Tiiei-e must us a screw loose some'ihcra
or such things woulu not ue ^.obsiule. Some of tl:ese days we are
^oing to niuke a baa break and somebody is going to jump on us with
both feet. Even now I should hate to sc3 i-i print such a notice

»

of the doings af the Committee as several of us might write if we
wouldl One source of trouble is that wo lecive thin^js till the
last minute and th^n x'ush them through in such haste that we sorter

I

times go off at half cock . Would it not be a good plan to par-
se! out the work a rionth or so before the meeting so that some one
person would be responsible in each case for ^ bottom references
und the like?

To change the subject: I am glad you wrote me as fully as
you did about the various ir.atters bhat have combined to detain yoa

I

and conaune your time. I had a prei»ty fair /general notion of these
thini'3 before, but of course withou'i. ciotails. --ow I think I under-
stand oiie lay of the land and appreciate the difficulties against

447

-2-

.vliich you hcvo to'contena. I, too. ^n caiiod apbn t,o maot 3imilar

. •

iv^ouni-'

diificalties. Our cases diifor absolutely in details but
bo'exactiy tno same thing in the end. fo- with both of us the soru^

i^'ie'is a-ainst unfavorable condit-ions inour efforts to secu^-e

If--') ■'*'a ■

more time' for original work.

My rouoine oxfioiaJ w^rk consists in a large and exacting
corresponuonce. ohe iu^nLili.^.awion of si-ecisnensfof v;hich thousands
■,Sy oonx, mo ouch year for bba purpose), the rea.in- and editing
ol a£iiuocripts(often amouiiting to rewriting), proof reading, the
proiSration of official reports, the planning and sui>ervision of
& ^i^rk of my aosistunt.. boUi ir ofxice and in the field, plann-.
irguna s.ipervising the preparation of special bulletins and arti-
cies on U!3 oconomic side of orniU^olo^-y a:.d -awr:alogy. continuing
JhS .t.idy of :,eograi-hic distribution from the econor^ie - a-ricul-
i;£ai .ide. tne .renerai care of large a^^i rapialy increasing col-
Uction^ of .UiiijnaU. birus. reptiles, bira stomachs, seeds, trees

shrubs and other zone plants, aad so on, and In attempting '.o
Le polite to one thousand ana one people ^vho call at my office on
uii conceivaH.o errands from morning till ni|^^t every day in the

•an-
anU

'/ear when I am home.

Arfide from oificiai duties I es'^ a ^nomber of se^^eral governing;
boards and 01- uhe Joint Corarljsion. and a;n on the Publication Com-
\.iU^oi several Sciontific Societies, and Chairman of the Joint

^'^''''* - nooac :-cm.orial Meeting';. A^ editor of tho F.iolo-

:n? .

>

u

ovsni.t '€ ■ on owd

8^^

-3-

gical Society's, proceedings T'^: froquently calleci upon Uo odil an (

i

rourrange nianuscripU ariu oo propare illast,mUor..s -"o'' ''^P""^'^^'V.,. .^,^^^.
tion LOth us piaOG^ and texL figures, and so on. As ^0°^°-^^^^. .^ ...^ .^i
Editor of Soience I ar. expected to con.ritute various brief noli-

l^il

10 ti

ces and t,o review currmul nterature in corlain de.parlnierits .

"y

<:,'

Then

reviews aione for oho past two years make u fair- vol-Jir.e. ^^^^^

I air oDiigou to prep..-e a'ld deJiver l.vo or three new lectures g;-.?j^^ ^^^^ _^
v/inoer, each of rvhich conaumes a good deal of tirr.e; and it i--^^^ . ,__^^
s,-ems to be-necoss<^ for a.9 to a o tend at least two meetln.;s of

scientific sociebies each week. ^

Besides all these things thei-o are certain social duties which

.-- 4-5

ime

I cannot escai^e i^u which make still fv.rLher inroads on my time

and suren^-oh. As a, result,. I am fortunate if I ,Ket one evenin- a ^

.. . • - ■

;v3ek free from calls, for work. Daring office hoars I may -ot
10 minules today, a half hour next day. no time at all the day af- ^
tor-and so it ;-oes. I have absolutely no tisie for conUnuous _

oririnal work anu Uie only vay I accomplish anything' is by kjepin?; , J^
a piece of work constantly at my elbow and pickin^^ it up ^vhenever

-^*' -TGt

.) dav af-

in^"» O'.r ci«

I can»mitch a moment letween interruptions. Tnis way of workin,;^ _
is only a matter of habit. At first, it was difficult, bu;. nov; it
i. .econa naoure-still. I have ^.o ad/r.it it is uphill ;vork a-d doos
not i^ive a inan a fair show.. I try to put on a serene exterion _^^^
and, like Chapmn. senile at my time-devouring enemies, >v:dlo in'vard-
ly I ain gnashing my teeth anu bemoaning the loss of time. . ^

\

449

\

-4-

You '.

You h::.vo -.1:0 advc.nta;-,e of it;e i'< tliat you have :'-.any half days

oacci]",'

I, i.o.'ur; .m\c -.vnon 1.00 huru pressed can run away to loncord and thus

osCc',pe u host of inT,Grruptions.

Ao I look ut yo-oi' case 1 S3e two obstacles to progress. The

iirst cr.no* . ■

iirst co.-ibi^ts of the innun;eral 1 o o:..ds and ends in the •ay of

rj'.eciPiens. nooes, letters and so on -vhich now take up practiclly
all of ioarr .

ull 01 your s^are time; the second is the :..os9nce of the halit
( for :ir ;. ""

( lor it io nooning luL a habit) of jiinping right into a piece of

real V"OiV^ . ^ . • : ■ • ••

real work .vhonovor you can ::;beal a half hour Letween times. I am

pGri9ci'i^^ '•■...-' -^ • . • ^ .

'voriocuiy Ctjrtain Uat vou can overcome Loth of these difficul oi-^s.

ir colio • . : " . • ■ * . ■

1 our

of Vec:.:'i

Year colieooion is now in superb condition and shows ohe results

of /ears of |)aiastakin,^ labor. Tne expenditure of a compara-

oivoiv iirnall an-ount of. energy will keep it fror. deteriorating and
pat adciioi- " . .

put iiduitiona w-iere t:;ey -.vill take no harm. Hire a coi'rpetent

..ucno^'Tauher to co!:e to you once a '-voeK for two or throe hours and

dictate uo hitr. all your week's corresponaonce at one dose. As soon
-^i 'u-i 'ito used to your .:tyle a:iu to the technical torni8(he Ccin
look up u:e bird's uaiT.es hiniself in the Check List) you vail be
;>.i.-...risGa to find tl:at you can /-et through with auout as much -vork

I l> --i*! ; ''\\\ '-''' * . . : * • ••

i'l an iiour as you could by yoursQll' in a 'vhole day.

I a.n-} a :.teno,a'a[.'her lor lamos.. every thin'f, except personal

•"•or/v a^^ j^Cmi. • •• , ...

v/ork at home. aj\d ".vould have one here evoninirs if I could afford
it -hen comparing si,0oiinsns a stenographer saves oven more time
tiiaii i'i ordinary letter writiiig because you ai'e not obliged to bo

450

-9-

evdi'JasLintjJy takiriijj up aiiu pui;t»in>5 down your pon and iakiri.-; up
and put/oirx.; down youx* avecimena.

To cure your socond ti'oal.Jo, kosp al your eltow alJ the t-ime
u pioce of rv;al work, aiiu force yourself to ?j;o at. it whene\'9r you

• ■ ■ * .

have a moments time. It will not dg lorn; before you ^rst to carry
this work unconsciouisly 30 ti^at you can pick it up and drop it as
laany times a day as nocetisary and sti]3 make fair pro^i'ress.

By all means corae oii Jioro not later than the first of January
aim finish your Lower Caiifornia book.. This \»il] ease your mind
of a x^eal DUgLear and au olfo sai'ie time v;iJl set you on the ri^ht
path. Then vhen you go tack, start ri^^ht in on your ;;ew England
took and keep it always on your desk. In six months you ^^ill be
amasod uO find how much you hu^'e accomplished.

There i.*^ just o.ne other thing I want to say before r-.utting off

V.-->--.5Jc',

this lon^ Soring of ^ratuitou^ aavice, a*id that is trds: When in

• * >

your cabin ati Concord you irigntoned me ana maue the cold chills
creep up ana down my back by deliberatdj^y telling how near you
Gurni; to a:isociatin>5 someone with yoa in joint authorship of 2"our
Hew Engiand book. You : ar^e r\o ri[^ht to itihift or divide your re-
sponsibility in tnis way ^.nu I v>^ant you to promise triat you ne\^er
will. It is your duty, and sliould Ic your pride, to write that
book yoursDlf. If I were not perfetly certain that you can do it
I would not write as I have written.

As ever your friend .

VN^^^i^Vsiv^

■'

tst

Washin ton.

Januarjr S, 1697.

or

Kvn. Gardinei' G. Hubbard,

Presidenv Joint, '".omndssion.

v,y deeu- Sir:

For many yea.', ii. has Dean the hope of a n-umber of prominent
scientific men and ud.acE.tors. including ^.he presidant. of several
of our leadir^ universities, that soone. o. laLer the scattered
scientific bureau, of t:^o Goverrrnont mi^ht-be b.ou.^nt together

within a sin-^lo depai* tn.O'it .

& , _u„ ..»■,<..-'.,•.-.<■■.•{ -il ftfto^t that was made

You doubuloas ron-oriiuor t,hG uni,ucc0f>^xai eiTo.b u..

.■A -•< ^*.-t-Tr.n in i.,-inp- t^bout sxich a union un-
durifu^ the Harrison acwi:i.'L.vrat,ion i-o L.in^ cluuu

' dor the Department of A(-ricuHuro. Doi'ing. the past four years
this niovomenb. for obvious" roa.on., ha. remained donw.t.

In discussino; ohe r.attorlil^ hope has been expressed that tho
advent of the incondng republican mi).inistration iright prove a
propitious ti.r^e for the revival of the project.

The center about which other scientific bureaus would natural-
ly gather is the Deuartme-ab of Agriculture, which already contains
• thrwaather Bui'eau. Bureau of Animal IMustry. Biological Survey.
Foresl-ry department. Divisions of Botany. EnuO.-nol op;/. Vegetable

(fr.-i\ •Sr.vnoM^-i+inn'; Fiber i?ive3ti''ation3 ^rd
' Physiology. GheiMsury, Soil in/es..i-auioii.>,piuc,.

so on. Bills providing; for the uransfer oftho Fish Gomd-.sion
and Geoloe^ical S'-U'vey to the Dopartment of A^ricult.^a were ititro-
duood at ^he last session of Congress and are s-oro to be .-evived.

452

2-

The loss to science of the Coast Sui'vey and Fish Commission
under the Clevelaiid administration is a terrible --rarning of the
dajiFors that threaten. oi,her scientific depart,rri9rts under the pre-
sent i^olitical system. VVibh a view to averting these dar^'ers and
pavinff the way to a union of the scientific bureaus under a con'jnon
jiead leadinv< scientific and educational men from all parts of the
counx-ry have united in urging the creation in the Department of
Aoi'icultui-e of a permanent Director-in-Chief of scientific bureaus

. •

and investif^ations. It is earnestly hoped that this position will
be established by the present Con^-ress.

Equally important— perhaps oven mor-e important at this criti-
cal stage— is the appointm.ent as Socreu^ry of Agriculture of a
liberal, broad rdndcd, educatec man who will take an intelligent
interest in the development and coordination of the scientific bu-
reaus of the Governmont. It would be a great triumph for the
cause of good government, as well as for that of science and educr..
ion, if the President would concede a Cabinet position to ohese
interests. An alrr.ost ideal person for this position would seem
to be Dr. Charles W. Dabnsy Jr. Dr. Dabney is not only in full

4-

sympathy wioh the nioveinent above outlined but is himself a scien-
tific man, a m£ui oi culture and presence, arid an administrative
officer of rare ability and power.

After s-oudyir,£ abroad for several years and receiving', the de-
i'-ree oX Ph.D. at the University of Goettingen. he was called to tho

I-

85^

,Hair of Choaslry in tho Unlv.rstV; of Ho-.h Carolina, .nd w.s
af-.er«a.-a ,=.<;. Sta.. C;be.i.t. a„d di.oc.o. of tl-.o Exi-or-irront Sta-

. , T iv^7 -h« v.-'i elected to Lhe Fi'esidency of brio

lion au Ruleigh. In loo? he ft.^s uecL.u

In 1893

University of Tennessee, which posiUon he still, holds.

he was appointed A^sisoant SocreUry of ..riculwre. and tha fol-

-„ nv;n-"— of tho Govei'nrr-.ent Eoard of the Coi>ton
lo'virur year was P-aae Cnaii-x.... o. i>.'-> vj-

St^t^es ana Intorr^tional Exposi.io.i at AUa.,.^. .eo. ,i

• ^. - r'isr.har.^e of th- .^nifold duties incident to those of-

cess in Uiirl ulbCndJ ,« u- j

iicGS is too v/ell kA0W^■. ^'O noed corrunant.

1 ,1 -.nr-^-fv^xtiv-a. aad at the sar-e tiir.e
Dr. l3aL'ne.v is cool tmu '.'or.&onvx^i<rt,

1 . .-H n^iivp H-^ is a-", excellent judge oi
,,-ressiv3, vacio awr.ko aua active.

S»

.„„■-,-] ue •>'^3 the power of so shaping the
p-.en a-nd possesses' la an ii,'n.aa..,i u^,. ^^ i

„,k of o..ho.-3'u. to .c.=o.pU.n 1.0 ..si resuais. As Assisted
Socotary of A,.!-!.-.... --:■• the Cleveland .a..inieiration he ha.

"5 ^^n,^.;nno s^ii f^f 'Yhi^'h rave
of uio various sciei.bii.i.c ua. e^u&

■b^on .ulo.- las i,,«diate control, and ha. ln-,pro.ed t:« s„r.l.-.e ir.
.,^.ioa. d.:-eoUon.. Ho i» a.uiUoas fo-^ the growl!, .-d develop-

• V-,, ^ n^^a'^y i'".L-d"^v,t into its needs,
ino>it of oho Department emu iias a clear i.-.i,,..t,

Ts. fa'u-- 0'" a--ric:ulture in Ajnerica depends so lar^oly on
the inloUlj^l .vpUcaUon of >Ko l.uVns d.volon,d ty scle^ilfio
invos-;,i..acn. t.hal xt «ould see. wi.o to pla.o at tJ.e head of the
,;.-aonal Department of Aerio.ltaro . ..,an who U not only in sy^a-
tH wifn t;«.e ir,vostij,ations, tut, ^ho fro.r. previous IrainirB >B

/

454

-^-

cctiipetent to understand their naUoi'e tind aims.

My OLJect in writim?: is to ask if in your juugenient there is

* •

s.ny possibility or accomplishing so desiraule an end, and if so,

»

if you, as Prosiuent of the Joint Commission of the Scientific

.*

Societies of Washin£;ton will undertake to Lring the matter to the
autention of the Presioent-eloct.

Very truly yours,

^ .\W:v ;, wJO^xMx^vv' ^

^

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y^o^-obA^\^i:.3:

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on f^bJicdLl'^ri :shaii exbtmine papers o'^I'-^.-ud i-ji

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them t.G specula] noirjmit^e

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accept or' roj •33t.

^* '-^'^ j^''.: .1 • cri ?..ui iOH^ion >ihail examine papei's offered for
•'•^i.. tiouv^io:) aiid. ^rr.^ -^eiei whem ho special comr^iiller^s for ad^ace;

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t.ao ^-'**-' • '

j^a vO accept ar

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"2i-3ot pe.pa-s, or ^rD -efer 'them .o

;:u- ^;o:->;i':."p -^ccrarena r.hf.t ir: the maLlc- of :;ost of iiius-
Lfca-. iont-; the* Gourd tr,t=-e ho .;.-i »„■:••-.« is 5a f^- sxercis.^ its aiscretion,
m 'nviain'i ohe coii with authors ^h-inevtsi' ],'.ri».cti cable.

V. Vou" Coiwidi^iee t.^u'ther recoi'jjfi'iiid thu'. .»00 copies of the ?-^o-

a^,:':iix-:ii, ccvu^u, De-s^rii; aa i.>.:jacd l-o u iibrarv and exchange

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arid cx^yvo^ril oi' r.he Bohj^u.

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p .,

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r^i ^ erf "Oct ir\_;; plans -lad rui:^^ ior patiica-;.iori, yo

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^xar^lned a large number of .medical am it:.ciBa:/lflc serials, and

^h•"OU£^j

ooartesy of Hr W J J/icGea, huo qad the ben^fib of the

very fail tj^ui el^boru^f; rc^port, only in part pudlished, of a com-

UaJL •/ {.

•i- '.vr(.io^.u-5hA i-oeieo.; of America which aevara] V3ars

.:.^.^u Hiaaw a eompreii-n :.. ,>• ^.oiv-t- ?/ sciouiific seriaia, Tho pro-

;/^KaOiri^ial SO!r^.i. ..

.uro'/a..'d many vaJ-iabie so^^es-^

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Yoar Cortunii;;,e?: air:^ lo mcike tho Proc-fetUrigs of ths Wash-

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ni^almKi^ oi t^c Co'tivni^^tee o^^ Publication, who ^^hali ue Eciiior

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rj-^nr-er* a^ f>i

the Soarc- of :^ia:ia5:3r3 -i^^y

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r-^t £ub:nitt9d for puhii^ation must he in form as w^

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^•^ "eadv fo'* the D^'int

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It must bie cioirplete as to

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i.>io.a3. n~us

t- bo pa:-f>3.'ciy Is^ibl:^ (p.-eferac!iy t;-p.i-

461

wnl'U ), ii : -'ust be prf^oouod cj a brief tacle of (Contents. The

cost

. 1. -» f*-- f-^

• "*' *3»u8iOM '^f ':5opy cr reccntt^'i^5t.ion of iilus-

T. :-:;\.lvi^ jhali i::e ^har>?ed to tht? fe.ubhor.

4^

Tiie r-.tiri!.. of -jroof co'-reotionB due to altiraviois rade by the

h.

V^ooi^ shall be t>ubAtoci to a^xthors or persons deoignatad by
...utnori:- vv'hanever pracc^ieabJe; but printing shali not be delayed by
^ehi^'::a o: acsence cr :xnr;tt,entipn of authors.

iJ.

Fajitirs iiCffeptec for pabJioatic". in the Ac.aaomy's P^'ooeedings
not CO ::rovioasiy putlished eLiw^vhers except by consent of

i>iid AcciCiomy .

Id. iluthoA BoparatGS shaii nco diffe.- in- any particular from
the ra-vular erlitiotj. Any iGsi-od n'oir.tar aiay ba ordered in adrancs
Ihro'j^ai tne Goriruittes or. pal. M cation, at Ine. e'xp3ns9 of th'? author.
a,'!a at a '"ate of coiv, ^^rw'-d Ui^on by the Comrnittee and printer.

^«)^ttM^\fgm

Respactfuliy submitted,

''^^^NMCit'^V^AJ^^X^^ Chairman

Goniini^teo'

on
Pablioation

/

sat

e

■' >

• ^hUj* •'(nOliGrifbi i-/ '"

A ■]

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TbankH for your idtlaro i^^^^* ^ri.^.- ■■
work in .-oni;]eti/Y:: ^^^* studi^r o.-. ..^-^ ....■..■ o .. ■

As -C i'ii.-..''

no

i.^/rr'nia i]r1^''cr3ity.r

•> J

i'lioer.G A. Hei.rc'. or Sa-'v F -am:.::.^.'

\cP3r\i o

r ^ ;- r^r, ^ -^

unci, a very intiisntiA.v :-..-, ^^^^.^ ^■. —

dad .for oho wonciGrtul sst o? l-aJain-.> Vi-^v cxp;v-!L to er^et .

Hearst used to sptrnl ':-:• T:rii.«.";i

AS vo •■,•■ .''-s^:-;: s^Uer: coss i- net airik-v i' :

-V »• V • --' ■

:^i(i \-ou r»:!?r^ have ^^t h-: ^

that bj^vasHivf^ inr':-i>^-en^r> fro^ o-*lsid^ th- ?ltat.e 15, i^c p...

Yo^H of :oiirGi? appre«:?ia;^o trie I'

-^iidiy, a oririt:; out o: ^;it.3ev

ic^z:^ 0.1 ^./vc-^i^i^f- biit or.> -..-lo. -->-V the Sbats, ravin. ■: v-v^

est.Liished, in eon.ecUon :Vi- "---^^r, a, ..honl .f fc;-n3-^- v^.

.H..aaca ?:n''

^■a••:.■.: ..-^Tor-: ... 'iiviay lii; -csponsibiUty by permit.:- •> ^

.,1. - « .4~ * . 1 ■•

ductio^-i of unotha- ana ant.a/^o'iiijt^c policy before the ih-^i n^s

'^nr.:. f ^, , , ^ t> i ^ *^

had u iair trial. M im prcs-.r- cin- -:--^^ s93-r

oificiai hoho. o,\ lore:..

• .i.. «^ -V ♦* i — -"» h' ' ' ' C 1 I '^ '» »J C C, ■

yy-f' **' 'S" O"** .'

.^ • . . 5

T ' ne suce^edii, 2r>« b:-m i-ist

at do'-^t wasto l-ho vilaii / a.tnl a^c;^

-i *v.

,r.-^

■V lu^'irv?^ "t^o hnvLii^ -^

463

Abouo Uat/ Olympic Elk; Lydakker has dug up an old
n^u; 'ac':i JerrG^I: .. : whicn '/ra/S ^Iven provisionally in a va^ue sort

v;-.. •

:.: d '■^^siijr.i' animal, but ^hich unfortunately »eeras to

i ; e'^ LaH-'i ^n ar? antle"^ sent to tin^^land from Yancoiiv^er Islandt

yjx

4 - ** C

•^^M»'on, f]f-jp^^(pLl^.^li^ wr«::iid ha^^e to stand for the west

• ■■ ' ..'.?! .* r.# V w .1 ..

Ic^G it ::an be shorn that the animal south of the

oi\Fi.ca i^ -iff^ront froF^ the Vanecuver animal. I hope to

c:i - spfj^i^H'^n^ rroin Vanccivor '01, fo?" direc*, coitiparison, so as
:" •-: ^iu i>he ou:i6 one way or tno other.

As ever yoar<?, ^

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V -^

'rior Theodore .?ochevolt
i^l cany, ilm York.

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1331 ^^onnoiai^t >Wenu-,

\'y doar Sir:

In eoT^iFiiance vvith your t^cq^iast, I on^no^e herewith sono p^op.^.

rancia proparoa by ine at Vue rtjqii.eai. or V'3 *auc
barcc m ;<ovoini)e>'. 1997.. Tho«c n-r^nc-ancla r'^lat.g t.o the .-)btB.'hi:,sli-
It in W.ashir«-n.on of a Sahool-nf Scinnno, in whioh rmi-ter f^ir. Hub-

r-r, •')-

woir

bard was ^fr^mtly. int^resycd^

Very '^"^^^iy yours

-- . od^"^ ^

L

Vv^V>s>vwK/-^

WASlil^lCfON SufM^ijj, J- SCIENCE

(pA^v^^h" oi;tli);e fo^ f i^-*??

v^ork)

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^ The Biolo^icHi 5V.rr, or U>^^ ---^^e wtAild bo particularly .•.-or-
,],e ,1.^116 h.vin, pro^reBSoaVo-far that a cours3 of 150 lec.u ,k
■..d 1^0 pveritvs ■-■ i.ihc.u.^r;,' wo-k has b'^on arran^,5u for in ■ ; .lotJ

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each pV-oric^/^nL m .o-nn line of hiolof:ical re^.^nroh.

Conrsus ;)! cqiuii nt;r... vau .' . - "-r ...." . -

Aiith-opoio^, Astronomy ana >;n-r;5.stry.

As c. -ecgnt w-itor hns ^--d. U^c ^^-^nius r.nd training arc ul-
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473

Wasiiiri^.^on, D. C«,

wTanuary 13, 1900*

Prof. H. ?io DoiiaicLson,

Universit'- ol Oh3ca^-;o,

Giiicago, IU«

i^^iy (i.cr:r Sir:

lelievirg that one of tfie needs o: Air:oricaii rrien of scieace
is "" rorrof»entetive organization — an or^ aniz-tion comprising Iho
lee-Jars in Lho rari^^us l^ranchss und dopartnents of soienco— the

:rr

.ashi'.n^T/on AcfKierjy has estt^Tdished a class of non-resit.ent mamlera,
as y<'U v/ill seo f>or the accompanying papers, and has appoifitod
srecicvi corrtmitn/oos in the SGVoral branches of science lor the pur-
pose of hominatin^i the most distir^il«hed representative men in
'each class. You havo boon thus nominated, and unanimously eleci/od.
by the Board of ft^ana^^ers, ano I trust you will accept*

The Washingjron Acaidemy has imaertaken the publication of a
Proc^edin^,s , v^hicl: in torm, quality, paper, and character of illus-
tration, is int^ndod to equal the best in the country. Tlio first
voiume contains 8 papers, a nvimber of text figures, and 26 lull
Xra^e plates. The seconc volumo promises to be much larger and nr^ro
fully illu8t«ited than the first. It is Iv^lievdd that the oxcol-
lence of this public«ition will ^^rraduaily lead to a reduction in
the number of scientific serials now io widely scattered over t^u*
country. PRp:rs are published on the *dat6d. brochure* plan, and
are rTihile<^ to raembors and to an ox change list on the date borne

on the ^*'>st pa^rie.

'^Jory truly vours.

* • » »

• ^c•>3r^e^yxo• on/y mo;>ax^^

2Tt

r.Ai'>

February 3, 190

Vy o

Dear Profosso'" La)i;ley:

In reply to your Ui-^^of yoste^day asking .or an exprtssio,

of m- views rospeci^irv;- :^ho Bi^on Pr'.:;serv9 sehono of 'I^uffaio Joie!^',
I would stato that the :oaon propus iiio- soeris lo me xn the .'.air. u
good ono ano woll woroh' of supp-rU Bui t-he Scnai-e Bill (2,iJl:
providing fo- t')0 sm^. iu.'oducsd JaniJ.)- IK by Mr. Baker, raquirea
inray judgeRant, a lev; !5-ierKbn.';r:t-.

The fi^sL ralat.rf ; ul.u nafnl:er di' fwiaiss, which ia not, :^poul-
fled. Would V. nov he 'ybIA to .i-iund line 12 of ^e^iion Z sc tnat
it shall read "Ara^-lcsn bison, of -.vhioh nw.bar at loasi 50 [cr ^o]
shall be fomalos oi suitable ago fc- br-ocrdiAs*? Boforo i.xln^^ the
number, it might be woll to ascertain from Mr. Jones how vi,s^ it 1

possible for him to supply.

I do not lil^e the ujiit of inore^.so b;;; naans of whTCh axcesH if
Roasured (p. 3. lines 20 and 21). naRoly. "one bison '.o etxch .00

s be utt^'L in-

acras of land* and would suggest ubjit cef inita nurabor

stead,

Would it noi. bo woii to inLorpolato a clause in line 22 im^r i
aftor the word •casa', a« follows: -al^yayH provi^^od thu total nM.l.^r
of adults -eminirvi is m sxcass of cno hunc;red«? This rray b.:- -.-•
plied, but it soer'!!? to r.e it is not- stated with SiuTicianto^iar- ;•;••,
am Xh^ive vfould be no ha-i au -rakin^^ il. ab^oliitoly xroe Jrc- ^:t3-^b ,,-,-.

it V *

■• -; ; 1

«<OUil iy TiOt

control of , ,ojr.e

le veil i.o imionc Scctior 3 :»: such r-.tair^or ^.ha;, .'.he
in the r^5?'--atio>; le left w:v'. ■A-; Sacrptarv o ' ■^'r

I

i'

476

Xnterio^'? While it is rcanifor.ly proper LhaL the bison shoulr, be
•vmdjr the oontroi of Jones, it secrr,s equally cloar that the gar.9.,
being on public .and. sbould be under the control of the Secretary
of the Interior. With, this object in vie-;., I would suggest that\he
first cart of Section 3 be ur-ondoa to road as follows: 'Tlmt it
:3.1:an be unlaftfui for any p.irson o- persons to kill, maim, take;, cr
dispose of am. bi.on. or cut. toar down or dastroy any ience or en-
nicsu-e except by v^riUon cor^sent of the said Cha^-los 'd. Jones, his
bM^'s or a.BL,ns; ana ihnL :., shall be unlawful to hunt, shooi! taV.
o^' trap ,^0 of an:- Kind withia the bounda^ of said tract of lano '
except >'y w-itton contGni. of x,ho Secretary of the Interior.

lav,. probaM:- obse-vod thai the Bill assumes throughout that
t>:e projoct will i>e a success anu makes no provision for' failure in
whole 0- m part. It ocurs to me that in the event of the herd's
dininisb.r.,: ^n^t.^a of increasing it might not only prove impossible
fo' Jones, his heirs .uu assi,^ns -to remove from saia tracu of iana
ecr his Tor il.nrl por^onal use the same number of male ana f..r;ae
o:son fx-st piaco^a by him upon said tract of land-. huL further. U^at
If 3 v-.r'.><- -.:.,as mi,^ht become liable for a aeficiency. Woulo it
iiot bB wall, tne>'ofo^'o. to interpolate a provision in line 3 of T:a^9
4 to T.ho effect thai the .lumbe- withc^^awn by the Jones interest shall

f}ry

o

riily yoii'^s.

To Prof

So Pa Lan^:leY

V ^

Boorotf:>- -^r^iithsonla- Ins.- v. lion.

■CT^

Washir^ton, E. C, Fol;ruary 13. 1900 •

-9

Mr# C. William Beabe,

33 West 124th Stroet,

NotV York Cit\%

Dscir Mr* Beobe:

Pardon my delay in acknowledging your lettor of bho
7th inst. and Ihe series of i^otographs which arrived in good con-
dition a day or t^o later. I was in bod with an acute bronchitis
at that time and am not yot cau/3ht up« .

You have Cbrtainly been roni:irkably successful, ana I hope
j^ou will keep at this line of work v/honever you have an opDortunity.
You have evidently mastered the bochnique and have overcome most of
the obstacles that beset a nian in his early career as a photographer
of zoological objects. You are now in a position to go ahead,
and no one may say where you will bring up* Some of your pictures
are simply fascinating. I wonder if you would bo willing to have
slides made for me, at my expense of course, of three of them# I
should like particularly to have the jumping mouse, the Idotoa, and
the spider on a bunchberry blossom. I should also like the Pleur^-
brachia, both on the same slide, to shovr ^*.at Yankee ingenuity can
accomplish in the way of devising impromptu tools. If this is not
asking too much, and you can have these made so t»hat they wi 11 re^flh
me not later than the 2nd or 3rd of March (earlier if practicable),
I shall be ghostly obliged^ I will return the prints to you im-
mediately after the meeting, thovigh I should vory mi;.ch like to keop

r-****^-* * '

5^

t

478

P 'M y^ '>

tlr prinl Ox the Z»T'ViS.

Thojiicing ;/ou t'.,;ain for your into-ost and kindnass in

tho matl,or, I romain.

Sory t^xily yours,

\

DIIPWIIII l'«

OT^

Washington, D.C., Fobraarj' 13= 1900.

Hon. John B. Wvht»

CoinraiBsionor District of Columbia

My doar Mr. Wight:

Mr. Walcott has r rif-rred to me your lottor of

the 7th inst., inquiring, about the plates from which Jud^e Davis's
paper was printed. Unfortunately for your purpose, this, like all
other papers in tho Proceedings of .he Washir^ton Acaoemj^ of Scioncos,
was printed from the t,T)e air^ct, and the type distributed inimediato-
ly thereafter. Copies of^Jud^.e Davis's paper on the ?^litical
davelopment of th. District my be had from the Treasurer. Mr.
Bernard R. Green, Library of Congress Building, at 25 cents each.
Th^. same is t-oie of ^b paper on iho Iconomio development of the
District.by Carroll D. Wri,^t. and Mr. Spofford's paper entitled
•Tho coming of the white man aid the founding of the National

Capitol.*

Very truiy yours,

BditorS

480

Washington. D.C., Fobniary 13, iOOO

Prof. B. E. Wilson,

Columbia Uuivorsity, New Yo^'k Cioy.

Mj' dear Wilson: *

Your letter of iho 7th inst. is the kind oj.' a lettyr

I like to r-K'-oive. I am very glad diixt your attitude toward the

Washington Acaaeny is vhat you state, and I think ihat as bime goos
on vou will find it desirable to ronv in a non-resicent member. Tho
Academy has, as I understand it, t.«ro dafinite objects in view: Tho
first is oo ^ ocome Uid represontatlve or.anization of American sci-
entific men-- a live, active orgi.nizai,iou. not too conservative or
too laay • o iindertake irapo^".ant thi%s. Its second object is to
publish a scientific P>'occedin::S . on tho dated brochxu'e plan,
which will take rank with the best in tlio country. Only permnnont
nanar will bo used for either text or illustrations. Papers sub-
mitted for publication will to recGivod at any time, and after proper
scrutiny will bo published and aistributed promptly.
WiiJi best wishes, I romain.

Very truly yours.

'v^

vK.k>

i

18t

482

Washinfebon, D.C, Fobraary 13, 1900.

Prof. Simon H. Gage,

Ithaca, New York.

Dear Professor Gage: .

I am obliged for your note of tho lOth inst., und

am glad to knov/ that you are iiling lo aid us in our attempt to
advance tho art of photography as an adjunct to scientific rosearch.
I enclose he^-ewith $2.00, and shall he glad if you will kindly h8.vo
made and sent to me its equivalent in slides, tho samo to Lo selected
by yourself as those best illustrating either t.ho advantages of
photographic illustration in particular cases, or tho special ne-its
of special mothods. I shall be glad also if you will loai? <no a
few photographs which I will return after tho nesting. If you can
rofor me to some publication containing a description of your methods
I shall bo greatly obliged. I am also grateful for your calling my
attontion to tho vork of Professor Siingorxand. I shall endeavor
to obtain some of his results also. •

Very truly yours.

Washin^i-on, D. C, Fabruar^r 13, 1900

P^'of. H. 0. Bumpus,

Brown University,

_ •

ProvlCiGnce, R* !•

% do. r Profvssor Buirseus:

I an »xco?dingly obliged for tho trouble :;ou

have- Ukyn in sendmj. a... rJui doxan l^^tom slidas. which arrived to-
day in good condition. These slides are certainly wonderfully vn-
torasting. unci show a phase of uho subjaot which is oni-^rely now
to most of us he-'-e. I am sure Lhoy viil be gred ly appreciated by

;1:*5 Acauomy.

I an also obliged lor your taxvot on Kocturus, and your expla-
nation as to the m ^^ plattis wore inade directly from tho films.
This is certainly most remarkable*

Kindly i.hank Professor Gorham for his pripor showing photo-
graphs of living f i::?£i<. • '

I shall return yMT slides promptly nSzov thti meotiaf^ which

is to be lioid March 6 instead of Febi-uary 27 as at first supposoo.

Very truly yours.

C8t

Washington, D. C.

February lf» 1900

{

ilki<m fteiufT Li H%5in8on,

Boston, Maiju.

My <la%r ^Ir:

The faahlngwn Academy «# Soiencas is s rapw.entetlve

d,partp.nt. ,t .«iA.o. tad it. ,»ber.hip. .ncludlng the non-

o«jpi

:arV

m

each branch of resaaiuih throughout tne counLrj-.

^0 Wa»hi»v^ton Academy has undortaXen t^.o publication of a
.prooiil^n^'^i which it airni to mako the t,08^ in America. I
UOce tl-^ Ul>orty to a^ you ho.e.iU. a oel ox' tno p.p.rs which
^. up t^ first vol^. Th. illustrations ^ Viia volume.

not X»tacto*y. U it iS hoped that those in tho s^

Volume will 1* ketter.

We have no ppWicatlon in *i. ommtry oorre.pondu.^ to

U>, better cl». ot Uiose i.Aed iy for.^ l»r»«« .odto***.
,ueh a. the Royal and Zoological So.i«ti4. of Urndo*, 4*d a. a
result A»eWoan acie.tlflo ^B are f,rc.d to ,«bli*> i« widely

«IMl&ti

/.

tratfon. The Washington A«den>j' hop.* to .ecurr a puUicat.cn
tmA or severa funds devoted to Vi«l subjens-as Zooloi?cd
Botanical. A.Uono.ical and so on. In case ot th. oontributio,
or s«oh funds, the ra™o of th. donor will be carried in tm-^i^^'
ty on tho parts of the Proceedings published therewith. ttr-
sonally 1 »-•. BO.<^iritef#to5i if the e.tal«iltoen». of a fund for
♦>v« «ii-hii/».iioii of Biolociiit papers.

484

I trust you -ivill pardon tho liberLy I htive taken in
briij^iin^ x,hi3 .-nattor Lo your notice. I thougj-it it might
possibly interest you. Ii not, do not t:Jco the- trouble
to '-eply.

*?

-respectfully, -

\

Editor Proc* Wash. Acad. Sci.

't

485

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February 28, 1900*

:vlr. WilliaTi Brov/ster

Ciimbrid.(30, Mass,
Dsar Brewster:

Tt ic much to bo regreztod tluit 2/o\u BarcheldGr, und Faxon
v^'ere unable to be present at llio n-ieotinr^; of tho A. 0, U^ Index Can-
;'nltteo held hero last vjcoko In inattcrs of thijr- kird it ii> alr.icct
impossible to arrive at tho best resulti? except b\* coriinM toAet'^^or
^^There we can listen tc tho. ar^r.ryicnts pro and cca#

From oi^r point of view at this end d'' the- line, the tv/o oar-
dirjxl principles tu be kept in view' ia iririoxin^;^* arc (l) the object
of un index, which is oonvGnience in lookine^ up refereiiacij; ^md
(5?— a natural corollary of the first) that vrhore pa^e references

« •

^<Jcumul&to under a givdn entry ^ thoy ahould be clasail'ied ursder
d. i aer L'.-ii nat 1 v e subho adiruis to avoid wliat wc so ofton see in rid
^•t;'lQ indexe^j — solid blocks of page mimbers. We passed a rcsolu-
i:lcn to the affect that not more than nix pcige roferoncas should be
^.^iven under one he:*:idin7.

'r-'i.:

Tliere are two points concerning vhioh \7e feel verv stron.' -Iv
at tlilB erjd of the liiie and on wnicli Doctor l>..'i/Kht telis jse yoii
rllTer from us r.dicaUy, and I proiiiiaftii to v/rit-G you anjt prsrfcnt
.iv,r views. The first ia the generic mime \mder v/hich tho various
entries ^kiuld be arrarjtjed; the ixS/.o-iii is the treatvinsrit cf su^jtvoc-
^les. In T.he case ol the gexaeric na»rio, wc i>el that, the- latest
;;iiiiri(i adoptcfi '■•y the A. 0. U. sliouia be the oiio ui-dor vvhioh the er;-
■,rie» are arrar:ii;ed in Mio Inciox, a.n.i thit^ i."* 1 other mrinvio n-: -oh

I.

488

"i

>4n ')■■'• if.' .'-^-'nictc.

refj^r tn tj,-??: nw^

li^ ♦.il.:.

U V A .i 4

The reason for this is that the

i^i/isx^nll be UA.;d ir tho i\!t"re . not in the iiast, Gor;i;e'*ii(vntlv
the ■jfim:ri(: iie^iB 3o;;^iil fcr ^/.yulci be 1;.} nint crises out of ton,thf
nmm Idst tu:io;>tod by th(^ I'nionn We i<:rK;;^ yOi-^v v/eli ;ror:i oxpericr/'e
tihc:- in e few vear^ rnnnei:\ ^enc-rk co/^^b-^aations will bja forgotten
avu:!^ onl^' ;^hc current- rtcio u^eri. T^-evc txre tvc rr three nases^ T
bei:av0, i:. v?:-,ioh the Unirn h. n ao'ci^jlontal ly fmde a wron^ ruling,,
^hlch raiirl^]iil■^: be cor^^^^ct^d in l:nie for rhe^lndaxo Of course
you \AnL--^rH%<jiiu lA.dl ail ^icnoric na.;iet?^ uBad in the^ text, from the
firist volume of tiie *lSv:iWa].i Bullet-in' dow>i to dc^ae. v;iii be •-dvci-
:!:]. tho I}::ue:SCj-;.nu thut Qaoh v^fll bo fuiiovrod by u croaa reference
tu tiVB modern ^enarli; in^v/) under /^hici. uli pa^e references are

v;rvtn,

5o'A^ ^is tc s;:bi^p^ci3s: Inut?!Livh as im index is on index ax^f

nut u ciasstlication, it- deul;:" \rith r?ari!et5 ^o^d hac notUin.^ to do
m^k j-iiitterii- of rcij^iko T/iorefore, in of^r jud;^ient, subspeciets f^r
iiid^x prrpoEej? Gho..'iu ]m tt^ecited- a^ spo^.-iti:5, exactly as in the cue?3?
of nv^i>;eac Lit ur 60 In the case of subspecies and subgenera, therr
:;i .'ays luiB bt-^en, ib, and always will be difiereuce of opinion <^t tc
;he rnat-i^^rs^f rankc Tiio history of our ov;n Checkliet at ^7eil hi^

•^he ejq^erience of iioolo^^istii and botaaUts thrc^u^^^out the ^vorld
^hiji^s not only tikit ^inxt- one max; rcgardis i^^ a species and i^ienus,
.aicthor t?!^ re^ar^^ ci^ a subspccicis odu aub^enusi but that irdividj.-l

authori:^. am committ^e^ charie^e their points of viosr/ iroi:'. time to iv-'i

thx:. Yur\k of a |Brllcaiar ^(.-rrn or collect i en. of forms, so tr:i;.t
■jhil'^ ->|l^ o^e ^riattt.]iisj}i' fact cinuoded l^v c-oiniiw.: a^^^eenont to ht
ff/.ei. and blabl^:?, matters of ^^i^ a^*e nuiti en^jyf , opiiji c^ cannot
po^^'l; ]y be fixed^:i:^id ^^r^ undrry:oi.u;; coni?tant fluctratidni. . '

G8t

W. B. 3. ,

It should be constantly borne in mirid that the Index is for

future use, not for past or present use, axid therefore that par-

ticular combinatioDB which some of us rome-LiLer. will be linfamiliar

to the ^eat mjoritv of those v/ho Use the Index. But even now,

who can remember off hand the particular specific nucie with which

"Subspecies of Tvorth American birds «m associated? In

my own case. I think of i-iubspecies as^jiiLiJis.v'ithout regard tc the

cosbination and in the case of a lar^^e iimiber ci western subspeoieB

f

with which I have been for yours faniiliar, I am obliged to admit
thiit it is impossible for me Ui give the full combination off hmA.
Take a simple case. Suppose a nian is in search of information
respecting the Texas nij^ht hawk. Ho would naturally turn in the
Index to Ghordgiles texensis. under which head the bird was given
in the first edition of our C^iecUii.t. aijd under which name any
one would naturally think of it. But in the Index, if tho fvill
soiabinatians are given, tjje name could not be fouod in its proper
uljiiabetic order at all, but would occur on some distant page under
the nam© Chordeiies acutinenris texensis. It must be remorabercd
in this connection that the species ali; subfipecias in our Inuex
•Arill not'fe"^osetHer in a single compact series, but will be sepa-
ated by a vast accumuLxtipn of hoadinga and subheadings relating
to a great Tari«ty of subjects, so that the alphabetic position of
a subspociiic num will often vary several i)aseB according to whe-
ther it is indexed (^ it should be iK ray judf=?ient') iBider its ii^i-.
vidyal namg, or whffl»ho.f it iu iiiaeiod under the species with which
it ciianced to be associated at the particular noraorit tho last edi-
tit.n or Buppleraont of the Checklisi happem^d to be voteu upon.

i

?f 0 w 0 "Hr '

Tl:

Ut"

here is anotlier very :uch le;is important reason for not in-
d^-xing subspecies as -Drlnomials. it is this*. Printoci as tri-
ncniials, they take up much more rou-n on the line and conse^iuentl/
turn more lines, increasirig the sice imd cost of the Index. This
to me, however, is a trivial objection. The maii> point is that.
an inaox is not a classijioation. It deals v/ith naffies 'Mitch arc
maiters of fact, net mth rank, whicl; is a' matter of cpir.ion. "
I had imondeu to aak you to sond this letter to Bai,chelder
am Fjixon, but I think I will send it. in duplicate in order to
aa/e tiinGj .itiii hope y.ou ."ill have an. opportunity to talk the matter
over with them,

Yory iruj.y ynirs,

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t^oh 24, !«)•-.

Pou^*^:k98^isI«, •^ y. •

Dear Sir

Leami3n(5 that Pr. C. H. }'%emRrm of the 'JniverBity cf Tndiana
is an ap|)licant for the Chair of Zoology In Yassar^ I tr.ke the li-
berty to say a word in his . "behalf.

While I have net coirio In aor^act with Professor Figerfsa^ as
a teacher. I have kno^him in this capacity for mcr.y vearf-, 'ir^d
have always heard hifi school work spoken of in termfi of coTnp.enda-
tlon. I know him b»8t as an Investigator in zoological science,
a field in which he has obtair.od eminent distirotlon, a-.ci i? >rc7m

. ■ . ■

the world over. T niiiy mefttioiJ incidentally in this comvictlcrv
that; Doctor Kigenmanm was on» of fori" /^rioari soologista i-ivitoci
to hecomo ncn-rosittont rriemhers of the Washirgton Acadej^y of C-cien-
oes^ which fact showS' the esteem ifi which ha is hold as an ori-^^nal

investigator, *^ ■

llrs. Elt-enmann also, ap you doubtless know, is om cf the ff^n
women in America who have obtained distinction fi^om original work
in zoology. 1 believe that Professor Kifejirmnn would fill the
Chair of Zoology in Vussar to the satisfaction ol all ccncsmed.
and that his presence there would railect crodit on the institution.

IRaspeet fully,

f •■ ♦.

\

493

lu -^^

Murch 24. 1900.

It ,'•5 f0v ^*:e wvc'-t pli3aB\T^ii to vr5.t fi to Pratiiderit J. ■'. Taylor
of "fsKsar, rocomp'^i'irv?: vou for the Chair of K?)clo;-y. . I shall he
;.. ....T .1 r? ^'^ ^*ar>^ -Via* '-'cn. aticcefd i-n oHai-' !>-!-; this petition.

Ver'.?" t.rulv vo'irs.

^^'^M^

494

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B«ar ProfesMr Otbora:

In rsply to your rtoant leUer t iMi Mil» iihii ift m
i nUfpewt ■• Me 1» itaMriea is btit«r qntHttiJ W \km p«ilii#« flff
8ii^E>«riiit«Bdest •! a grtat l«ol«gi«al pule Umb wli«i T. RtrnMUgf.

t&UMl^A^hiV

fffrU «C th<i wple

■ad hat aada ananwot aolleetieni in Hatanig ftfa|#|fT#

His iiitorMtii^ lK>ok entitled T«o Tmiv to 4tm /««}f ifll^
of his peraeaal experiences with the big gnt i^ iNiiftf 0if lii»
the ttilajr Feniaaula and Bemee; i^le in this aMwtinr Ml i^^Mtt*

s,

tisM ta the flu* west, iriien eelleetliqg Buffalo «id «(||fr iiitelt
for our Itatieaal liosetts, hare hre\^t him into panaaal qentaat

nflMy

fJorthaMira,

his aHMrous siiialas an the

s of Horth kmim shoir hia ta

paaaass in a airkad degree the t«a preeainant qaalifiaaiiaaa af a

. \

sttsaaaaful keeper of aniaala, naaely, lore far tin viiMla th<i
salwaa, and piwlpnal kaawle%e of their hikita and faod*

Ifar. HwnMdai ia a naa af absaluta integrity, aa4 hli mat

He ia the father d^ eur KatieMl lao at Waahii^oa, and I hallari
hitt to poaaess aMn^of the qualifiaatians neeessary far hoildiag
up a great Zoole^id park than say ather aan in Ineriea.

Hoping yau aagrae aueaaaafol in aeeuring hia aerrieea,

-1 • . ■ ■

I raMiiiit

'<

, Henry f* Qsl
Hew fork City I

truly

Retake of Preceding_h;^^

I

Dear Professor Osl>om:

u49Bent no one in toeriea it better quittliii i%r tte p*iitit» •*

ptilc

Hermday

f»rt«

1latar«a fM«l7^

Hit iaterettii^ l>ook entitled Tiro Ye«r» W i^ ^ttlSlt ^tl^H
Is perseoal experiences with the big gne cf Mi*i Off lf*U
blur Peninsula and Borneo; vhile in this 00MMU7 Ml QI^HKti*

for our Hational Ifuseun, hare brov^ht him into

Btany

Qontaot

fUrthtHMro,

his uaMrous artieles on the mannals of North iMrlM shoir hiB to
possess in a narked degree the two preeainent qoalifieations of a
suAooflBful keeoor of aninals. naaoly. lore for Um aninalt ttiMr

knewle^ge

Homaday

prominent ^araoteriaiioo are energy* enthusiasm end aoirmon tense
He is the father of our National Zoo at Washington, and I beliere

neeessary

park

Hoping you may be sueeessful in seeuriqg his senriees*

I remain.

, Henry P. Otbom, >^
Nev fork City.

Very truly yourt*

\

497

a <»• *

498

PHEFATORY ;J0T3.

?th

vk
i-'«

, Tho notos contained in this book irore taJcen from March to May
1389. and from March .o July. 1394. at Twin Oaks. San Diego Count -
California. /IMrin Ouko is a rx)r,t office in a small valls^ of ths
Coast Mountains, forty miles north of San Diego, and fourteen
miles east of the Pacific.

In a few instances tho identity of a species is uncertain; i^,'

plutnagi

f '.h

two aexaa i. practically iaentical and no significance attaches to
it, they have been arbitrarily distinguished. A list of tho
Lli'ds referred to in the text follows the Table of Contents.

Several of the articles have appeared before in somsirhat
different form, in the Auk, the Observer and Our Animal Prionda.
The illustrations are from actual' photographs taken at the
time, except thc^se of eucalyptus from Los Anselos. for the use of
which I am indebted to the courtesy of Dr. B.B. Femow. Chief of

tho Division of Forestry, in the Department of Agriculture. '

P.A,M.

ft'ashir^ton, D.C,

January 14, ISDi,