No. 4 Ql 67 » fy£.o<> Vol. 75 The Chat FALL 2011 The Quarterly Bulletin of the Carolina Bird Club, Inc. The Ornithological Society of the Carolinas THE CHAT ISSN No. 0009-1987 Vol. 75 FALL 2011 No. 4 Editor General Field Notes Editors Kent Fiala, 1714 Borland Road Hillsborough, NC 27278 chat@carolinabirdclub.org North Carolina Christina Harvey South Carolina William Post Briefs for the Files Josh Southern Associate Editor Ginger Travis THE CHAT is published quarterly by the Carolina Bird Club, Inc., 1809 Lakepark Drive, Raleigh NC 27612. Subscription price $30 per year. Periodicals postage paid at Bloomingdale, IL and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to THE CHAT, Carolina Bird Club, Inc., 1809 Lakepark Drive, Raleigh NC 27612. Copyright © 2011 by Carolina Bird Club, Inc. Except for purposes of review, material contained herein may not be reproduced without written permission of the Carolina Bird Club, Inc. {Articles Hermit Thrush ( Catharus guttatus) Nesting in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina Marcus B. Simpson , Jr. and Marilyn J. Westphal 137 Reports 2010 Annual Report of the South Carolina Bird Records Committee Donna Slyce, chair 147 General Field Notes Second Nesting Record of Common Merganser ( Mergus merganser) in North Carolina Zora L. Rhodes and Jerry L. Johnson 149 \Briefs for the Files Summer 201 1 Josh Southern 153 Fifty Years Ago in The Chat December 1961 162 \lndex Index to Volume 75 163 Cover: Hermit Thrush, March 2008, Transylvania County, NC. Photo by Todd Arcos. Hermit Thrush ( Catharus guttatus) Nesting in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina Marcus B. Simpson, Jr. and Marilyn J. Westphal P. O. Box 1427, Hendersonville, NC 28793-1427 The Hermit Thrush ( Catharus guttatus) nests in coniferous and deciduous forests across Canada and the northern and western United States. In eastern North America, the defined breeding-season range extended southward in the Appalachian Mountain system to Mt. Rogers, Virginia, until 1979, when observers began documenting the gradual expansion of the species’ summer range into the Blue Ridge Province of western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee (Jones and Donovan 1996; Potter and LeGrand 1980; Scott 1966; Westphal et al 2008). Despite the occurrence of Hermit Thrushes in high-elevation forests of this region, published breeding evidence south of Mt. Rogers has been limited to records of fledglings and juveniles. Our observations of an active nest in Yancey County, NC, provide additional documentation of the species’ breeding ecology in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains. Range expansion in the southern Blue Ridge Province of the Appalachians: historical summary and current status Within the Blue Ridge Province (Fenneman 1938), Hermit Thrushes are now well documented as summer residents in western boundary ranges along the North Carolina/Tennessee state line, including the Roan massif, Unaka Mountain, and the Great Smoky Mountains, with isolated reports from the Unicoi Mountains and Pond Mountain. On the eastern front range, the species occurs at Grandfather Mountain and on the Blue Ridge crest for short distances south and east from the vicinity of Black Mountain Gap. Interior transverse ranges with documented populations include the Black Mountains, Great Craggy Mountains, Pisgah Ridge, Shining Rock Ledge, Southern Great Balsam Mountains, Plott Balsam Mountains, and Northern Great Balsam Mountains. During summer months, the birds have been reported from elevations generally above 1460 m (4800 ft) up to the highest summits, including Mt. Mitchell and Clingman’s Dome. The majority of breeding season records are from disturbed forests of red spruce (Picea rubens), Fraser fir ( Abies fraseri), and northern hardwoods. The southernmost location in the Appalachians where the species has been consistently reported for three or more breeding seasons is along the Blue Ridge Parkway near mile 423.5, at the headwaters of the West Fork Pigeon River near Tanasee Bald (35.29617N, 82.91667W) (Westphal et al, 2008). This area, including the terrain between Silvermine Bald and Buckeye Gap, constitutes the southernmost locale in the east where the red spruce- Fraser fir community occurs (Simpson 1992). Details are from Browning 137 138 Hermit Thrush Nesting in the Blue Ridge Mountains of NC (2003); Davis (1998, 2004a, 2004b, 2005); Knight (2010); Lee et al (1985); LeGrand (1993); Southern (2009); and Westphal et al (2008). Unpublished records are from Christine Kelly (pers. comm.), Andrew Laughlin (pers. comm.), Nora Murdock (pers. comm.), William Sullivan (pers. comm.), M. B. Simpson, and M. J. Westphal (observations 2002-2011). Prior to the current report, the southernmost site where nests have been documented in the Blue Ridge province is at Mt. Rogers, VA, where 6 nests were discovered between 1979 and 2007 (Rottenbom and Brinkley 2007; Phil Shelton pers. comm.). Previous breeding evidence in North Carolina and Tennessee Evidence that Hermit Thrushes breed in the Blue Ridge province of NC and TN is based on reports of recently fledged juveniles just east of Roan Mountain at Carver’s Gap (1680 m/5512 ft), at nearby Round Bald (ca 1700 m / 5600 ft), and at Walker Knob in the Great Craggy Mountains (1658 m / 5440 ft). The first report came when Knight banded a juvenile at Carver’s Gap on 12 September 1997 (Davis 1998; Knight 1997, 2010). Between 2002 and 2007 Knight subsequently netted and banded a total of 20 juveniles at Carver’s Gap, with dates between 19 August and 29 September (Davis 1998, 2004a, 2005; Knight 2010). Browning (2003) provided an account of fledglings at Walker Knob, just south of Balsam Gap in the Great Craggy Mountains on 21 June 2001. At a tree-fall gap in a spruce-fir-birch forest, Browning encountered an adult carrying food to three speckled fledglings with short tails. More recently, fledged young were seen on Round Bald, just north of Carver’s Gap, by Trently on 1 July 2002 and by Laughlin on 15 June 2009, when two adults were feeding a recently fledged juvenile (Knight 2010; Laughlin pers. comm.). Nest site at Bald Knob Ridge On 18 July 201 1, we discovered an active Hermit Thrush nest on the east slope of Bald Knob, near Black Mountain Gap in Yancey County, NC. Hermit Thrushes have been present at least since 2004 during the nesting season in this area and at nearby Cherry Log Ridge, Glass Rock Knob, Pinnacle, and Rocky Knob. This is currently the only section of the southern Blue Ridge front range, other than Grandfather Mountain, where this species has been reported in summer months. The nest was located in the margin of a small forest gap at an elevation of 1564 m (5132 ft) along the crest line of Bald Knob Ridge, which runs east from the summit of Bald Knob and divides the headwaters of the South Toe River into left and right branches. The natural forest community along this upper portion of the ridge consists largely of red spruce, Fraser fir, and northern hardwoods. The vegetation in the area surrounding the nest site gap includes stands of mature spruce-fir and hardwood forest intermixed with areas of canopy disturbance that vary in extent and age. These include small to large gaps, recent tree-falls, extensive windthrows, and an irregular The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 139 mosaic of various stages of reforestation, with canopy and subcanopy seedlings and saplings, shrubs, grasses, sedges, ferns, and mosses. The long axis orientation of these gaps tends to be east -west, following the ridge line. Subcanopy and reforestation species include seedlings and saplings, mainly of young red spruce, but also scattered yellow birch ( Betula alleghaniensis), mountain ash ( Sorbus americana), mountain maple (Acer spicatum ), striped maple (Acer pensylvanicum), red maple (Acer rubrum ), mountain holly (Ilex montana), black cherry (Prunus serotina ) and Fraser fir. Fire cherry (Prunus pensylvanica) is notable here mostly in a larger, older, more extensively disrupted area approximately 30 m southeast of the nesting site. Allegheny blackberry (Rubus allegheniensis) is common in all the disturbed areas. The ridge top at the nest site is about 40 to 60 m wide, fairly level and smooth, with little slope for about 25 m in both directions from the crest line. The gap is open overhead for an area approximately 5 m by 20 m, while the ground area involved in the gap is 10 by 25 m. The transition from the gap into the adjacent, mature spruce-fir forest is sharply demarcated on one side but irregular and uneven on the more disturbed opposite margin. The spruce- fir forest floor is largely open, with a spongy layer of spruce needles, small twigs, spruce cones, scattered seedlings, infrequent canopy saplings (e.g. Fraser fir, red spruce, yellow birch) and only a few shrub or herbaceous species. Other canopy species nearby include black cherry, yellow birch, and American beech (Fagus grandifolia). The largest red spruce in the contiguous forest have crown tops above 1 8 to 20 m and mean dbh values of 46 cm. The canopy coverage in the mature portions of the adjacent spruce - fir-hardwood forest is 90 to 95%. Climate data are not available from the nest site. The closest station is 4.2 km (2.6 mi) due north on Mt. Mitchell, at 1902 m (6240 ft) elevation, where the normal monthly July mean temperature is 15.8° C (60.4° F). Using the approximation that each 1000 m elevation change is associated with a 6.5° C temperature change, an estimated value for the nest site would be 18.0° C (64.4° F). Mean annual precipitation at Mt. Mitchell is 189 cm (74.5 in), but given its elevation difference and prevailing wind direction, precipitation at the Bald Knob Ridge site is probably lower. Climate data for Hermit Thrush nesting areas reported in New York include mean July temperatures < 21° C (70° F) and annual precipitation > 89 cm (35 in). (Andrle and Carroll 1988). Mt. Mitchell data are from the State Climate Office of North Carolina (1971-2000). Nesting details On 18 July 2011 we flushed an adult Hermit Thrush from an area of dense fern cover less than a half meter from the edge of Bald Knob Ridge Trail, as we hiked past the spot. Careful examination revealed a nest containing two turquoise-colored eggs (Fig. 1). When we returned on 20 July the nest contained two very recently hatched chicks. On 21 July we established an observation site 20 m from the nest. We visited the site every 140 Hermit Thrush Nesting in the Blue Ridge Mountains of NC Figure 1. Hermit Thrush nest with two eggs, 18 July 2011. Photo M.B. Simpson, Jr. morning, except one, for the next 8 days and recorded all activities in the area for at least 2 to 5 hours daily. Total time on location was 21 hours 45 minutes. Photos of the nest were taken on two subsequent days, the last on 29 July (Fig. 2). Two males were heard singing during the monitoring period, one within 50 m on all sides of the site, and another farther away to the north. The singing of one often induced the other to sing as well. The chupp chupp call The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 141 Figure 2. Hermit Thrush nest with two chicks, 29 July 2011. The second chick is hidden beneath the larger chick and by the shape of the nest. Photo by Todd Arcos. notes were frequently heard within the singing area and near the nest, but the most common call heard was the slurred-up vreeh that resembles the call note of the Eastern Towhee ( Pipilo erythrophthalmus). The only other call was heard as we arrived at the site on the last day of observation, when a strange “wee”-like cry was heard repeatedly. The call became softer and ceased entirely after about 5 minutes. The behavior of Hermit Thrushes at the nest was characteristically elusive. The adults were more cautious approaching the nest than when leaving, as departures were observed 68 times, approximately twice as often as arrivals. Departure was usually by flying up and out of the ferns for about a meter then moving laterally away. About a quarter of departures involved flying up to a nearby branch and pausing a few seconds before flying off. Although the nest and ground near the nest were shielded from our direct view by the fern layer, it was sometimes possible to detect the adults due to movement of the ferns, presumably from the birds jumping up into the nest from the ground below. On a few occasions adults were seen carrying caterpillars or small winged insects to the nest. Adults were observed flying directly into the nest only 14 times and hopping into the nest from the ground 15 times. The approaching adult occasionally flew down into the ferns 2 to 7 m from the nest a few seconds or a minute before the bird was seen hopping into the nest or fern movement at the nest site was observed. Species noted in the vicinity of the nest every day of surveillance include Ruby-throated Hummingbird (. Archilochus colubris), Downy Woodpecker ( Picoides pubescens), Blue-headed Vireo ( Vireo solitarius), Red-breasted 142 Hermit Thrush Nesting in the Blue Ridge Mountains of NC Nuthatch (Sitta canadensis ), Winter Wren ( Troglodytes hyemalis), Brown Creeper ( Certhia familiaris ), Golden-crowned Kinglet ( Regulus satrapa), Cedar Waxwing ( Bombycilla cedorum), Dark-eyed Junco (. Junco hyemalis ), and Red Crossbill (Loxia curvirostra). These species are mostly associated with mid-level and tree canopy, and only Winter Wren, Dark-eyed Junco, Black-throated Blue Warbler ( Setophaga caerulescens ), and a juvenile Hermit Thrush were observed within 3 to 5 m of the nest. Curiously, no Veeries ( Catharus fuscescens) were heard or seen during our surveillance, although earlier in the season individuals were frequently noted here and were thought to be nesting. A juvenile Hermit Thrush (spotted back and complete tail) was driven away by one of the adults on 22 July, which suggests a previous nesting. The late date and small clutch size (two eggs) also suggest that this may have been a second or even third nesting. The nest was examined on 30 July, after we noted that the adults were not present in the area during the two-hour period following our arrival. The nest was noted to be empty and damaged, with a 2 cm hole in the bottom and considerable flattening of one side. No trace of the chicks could be found. Nest failure was probably due to predation, a very common outcome for this species (Jones and Donovan 1996). Candidate species would include bobcat (Lynx rufus ), coyote (Canis latrans ), red squirrel ( Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). Northern Saw-whet Owl (Aegolius acadicus). Sharp-shinned Hawk (Accipiter stratus ), or snakes such as timber rattler ( Crotalus horridus) (Jones and Donovan 1996; Martin and Li 1992; Martin and Roper 1988; Sealy 1999). Northern Saw- whet Owls and Red Squirrels are regular in this area on Bald Knob Ridge (Simpson and Westphal, unpublished records). Nest description The nest was embedded and well-concealed within a dense layer of hayscented fern (Dennstaedtia punctilobula ), barely 30 cm from the edge of a narrow, lightly used hiking trail. The fern cover encompasses an irregular area of approximately 10 m by 20 m. Mostly along its margins and else- where in the gap floor are woodfern (Dryopteris campyloptera ), southern lady fern (Athyrium asplenoides), blackberry, white snakeroot (Agerotina altissima), joe-pye weed (Eutrochium sp.), and scattered patches of moss. The nest was positioned in the ferns beneath denuded branches of the upper crown of a downed spruce, the trunk of which is 60 to 135 cm above the ground at the nest site. The nest lip was 15 to 17 cm above the ground and slightly tilted due to the nest being anchored and partially embedded on a 1.5 cm diameter branch from the crown of the downed conifer. Live fronds of hayscented fern were incorporated into the nest structure and provided some balance and lateral stability. The nest was constructed mostly of short spruce twigs and contained some coarse grasses, sedge, and bark fragments, lined with fine grasses, mosses and small pieces of hayscented fern. The remains of the nest are now in the North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences in Raleigh. The Chat, Vol 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 143 Discussion The habitat at our nest and at Browning’s (2003) fledgling site is consistent with that described for Hermit Thrush in other portions of its range (Dilger 1956; Jones and Donovan 1996). Preferred nesting locales include interior forest edges, particularly small clearings within wooded areas, created by disturbances such as individual tree death, logging, wind, and fire. The species also uses undisturbed sites, mostly those near interior forest edges, such as bogs and glades. In the east, the Hermit Thrush generally nests on the ground in natural depressions of knolls or hummocks, under small conifers that provide protective canopy, or in open woodland spaces with bunchberry or ferns. In a large series, 36% of nests were placed under a live non-woody plant, such as ferns, grasses, forbs, mosses or sedges, while 53% were under a live tree, shrub or sapling. Nests in the east ranged from ground level to 0.3 m, while those in western parts of the range are generally higher off the ground, placed in small tree branches, with some saddled on a branch or in fork or crotch of a branch (Jones and Donovan, 1996). Disturbed interior forest edges and gaps are common in high elevation plant communities where Hermit Thrushes have become established in the southern Blue Ridge. From the 1880s through the 1930s, extensive logging and wildfires destroyed an estimated 90% of the spruce forests in the southern Appalachians (Korstian 1937). This period of largely wholesale removal was followed by an interval of relative stability, until the arrival in the mid-1950s of the balsam woolly adelgid (Adelges piceae), which attacks and destroys Abies species, including Fraser fir. Introduced into the United States in the early 1900s, the adelgid was initially discovered in the southern Blue Ridge at Mt. Mitchell in 1957 and subsequently at Roan Mountain by 1962, Great Smoky Mountains by 1970, and Richland Balsam by 1972. Heavily infested Fraser firs usually die within 2 to 7 years, resulting in catastrophic mortality of canopy, although abundant regeneration may occur in some areas (Eager 1984; Smith and Nicholas 2000). The now widespread die-off of adult Fraser fir has created extensive blowdowns and canopy loss in the highest elevations, particularly above 1830 m (6000 ft), where fir typically occurs as the sole conifer. At lower elevations, red spruce becomes progressively the more common and dominant species, so that forest gaps of varying sizes are caused by the death of fir in these sites. With the loss of fir, the remaining red spruce become exposed to greater wind damage, resulting in blowdowns and further disruption and loss of canopy. Additional factors, including airborne pollutants and climate changes, are contributing to a decline in red spruce. The typically thin soil in spruce-fir forests increases the vulnerability of canopy trees to damage from ice storms, local windstorms, and hurricane remnants. The result is a complex mosaic of regenerating forest tracts, disturbed interior clearings, forest gaps, and irregular edges through most of the areas formerly occupied by mature spruce and fir forests. These adelgid- related changes in the spruce-fir-hardwood communities are substantially 144 Hermit Thrush Nesting in the Blue Ridge Mountains of NC different from those subsequent to earlier wholesale removal by logging and by wildfire (Busing and Pauley 1994; Eager 1984; Pyle and Schafale 1988). If internal forest gaps contribute to the spread of Hermit Thrush in the southern Blue Ridge, then reforestation dynamics are important in that process. An obviously critical component of reforestation is the successful establishment of seedlings and saplings of successional and canopy species. Hayscented fern is a common herbaceous species that has been shown elsewhere to interfere with forest regeneration in gaps and forest edges by inhibiting woody seedlings of certain species, thereby tending to perpetuate these gaps. In turn, processes that maintain an open, disturbed canopy enhance perpetuation of hayscented fern, which thrives on direct sunlight and often spreads widely as a nearly continuous dense layer (George and Bazzaz 1999; Hill and Silander 2001; Horsley 1993). The extent to which these phenomena are relevant in disturbed southern Appalachian spruce-fir forests remains undefined, and to date studies have not examined the effects of Dennstaedtia on Fraser fir or red spruce reproduction (James Runkle pers. comm.; Alejandro Royo pers. comm.; Royo and Carson 2006; Sarah Schliemann pers. comm.; Stephen B. Horsley pers. comm.; Peter S. White pers. comm.). The potential role of delayed or arrested reforestation in spruce-fir forests requires additional study, particularly in light of the complex structure, vegetation, and dynamics of forest gaps. Important reviews of gap ecology and research issues have been recently published by Royo and Carson (2006) and by Schilemann and Bockheim (201 1). In the case of ground nesters, such as Hermit Thrush, hayscented fern may provide excellent cover for the nest. The present report and Browning’s (2003) discovery of three fledglings involved large areas of hayscented fern within tree-fall gaps. In northwest Pennsylvania, long-term studies in managed northern hardwood forests demonstrated that experimental removal of hayscented fern was associated with a reduction in the number of nesting Hermit Thrushes (Stoleson et al 2011). Stoleson (pers. comm.) reports that five of the eight Hermit Thrush nests discovered during their research were located within hayscented fern. Conclusions Evidence has accumulated over the past 15 years that Hermit Thrushes breed in high-elevation forests of the southern Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee. The nest monitored at Bald Knob Ridge, Yancey Country, NC, from 18 through 30 July 2011 provides further documentation of breeding in this region. Tree-fall gaps and other disturbed forest interior sites in spruce-fir and northern hardwood communities may be important by creating conditions favorable to the nesting requirements of this species in the southern Blue Ridge. In some situations, hayscented fern may contribute to Hermit Thrush reproductive success by providing dense protective cover for nests. Aggressive herbaceous and understory species may also support nesting of Hermit Thrushes by slowing restoration of the mature forest in gaps and other disturbed areas favored by the thrush. The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 145 Because nests have not heretofore been reported in the NC/TN Blue Ridge, insufficient data are available for assessing the extent to which the spread of Hermit Thrush is related to internal gaps and disturbed edge. Further research is needed to define factors that contribute to the establishment of the Hermit Thrush as a breeding bird in the region. Acknowledgments We are indebted to Rachel Dellinger, Rick Knight, Andrew Laughlin, Dan Pittillo, Phil Shelton, Scott Stoleson, and William Sullivan for data and commentary. Literature Cited Andrle, R. F. and J. R. Carroll. 1988. The Atlas of Breeding Birds of New York State. Cornell University Press. Browning, R. B. 2003. Hermit Thrush nesting in North Carolina. Chat 67:11-13. Busing, R. T. and E. F. Pauley. 1994. Mortality trends in a southern Appalachian red spruce population. Forest Ecology and Management 64:41- 45. Davis, R. 1998. Briefs for the files. Chat 62:137. Davis, R. 2004a. Briefs for the files. Chat 68:56. Davis, R. 2004b. Briefs for the files. Chat 68:172. Davis, R. 2005. Briefs for the files. Chat 69:57. Dilger, W. C. 1956. Adaptive modifications and ecological isolating mechanisms in the thrush genera Catharus and Hylocichla. Wilson Bulletin 68:170-199. Eager, C. 1984. Review of the biology and ecology of the balsam wooly aphid in southern Appalachian spruce-fir forests. In P. S. White (ed.) The Southern Appalachian spruce-fir ecosystem: its biology and threats. Research/resource management report SER-71. U. S. National Park Service. Atlanta, GA. pp. 36-50. Fenneman, N. M. 1938. Physiography of Eastern United States. McGraw-Hill. George, L. O. and F. A. Bazzaz. 1999. The fern understory as an ecological filter: emergence and establishment of canopy-tree seedlings. Ecology 80:833-845. Hill, J. D. and J. A. Silander, Jr. 2001. Distribution and dynamics of two ferns: Dennstaedtia punctilobula (Dennstaedtiaceae) and Thelypteris noveboracensis (Thelypteridaceae) in a northeast mixed hardwoods-hemlock forest. American Journal of Botany 88:894-902. Horsley, S. B. 1993. Mechanisms of interference between hay-scented fern and black cherry. Canadian Journal of Forestry Research 23:2059-2069. Jones, P. W. and T. M. Donovan. 1996. Hermit Thrush ( Catharus guttatus ), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved from The Birds of North America Online, http://bna.birds.comell.edu/bna/species/26 1 146 Hermit Thrush Nesting in the Blue Ridge Mountains ofNC Knight, R. L. 1997. Evidence of probable breeding by the Hermit Thrush on Roan Mountain, Tennessee / North Carolina. Migrant 68:123. Knight, R. L. 2010. Summer birds of the Roan Mountain Highlands. Migrant 81:1-28. Korstian, C. F. 1937. Perpetuation of spruce on cut-over and burned lands in the higher southern Appalachians. Ecological Monographs 7:125- 127. Lee, D. S., D. Audet, and B. Tarr. 1985. Summer bird fauna of North Carolina’s Grandfather Mountain. Chat 49:1-14. LeGrand, H. 1993. Briefs for the files. Chat 57:84. Martin, T. E. and P. Li. 1992. Life history traits of open- vs. cavity- nesting birds. Ecology 73:579-592. Martin, T. E. and J. J. Roper. 1988. Nest predation and nest-site selection of a western population of Hermit Thrush. Condor 90:51-57. Potter, E. H. and H. E. LeGrand, Jr. 1980. Bird finding on Roan Mountain, Mitchell County, N. C. Chat 44:32-36. Pyle, C., and M. P. Schafale. 1988. Land use history of three spruce-fir forest sites in southern Appalachia. Journal of Forest History 32:4-21. Rottenbom, S. C. and E. S. Brinkley. 2007. Virginia’s Birdlife. An Annotated Checklist. Virginia Society Ornithology. Royo, A. A. and W. P. Carson. 2006. On the formation of dense understory layers in forests worldwide: consequences and implications for forest dynamics, biodiversity, and succession. Canadian Journal of Forestry Research 36:1345-1362. Scott, F. R. 1966. Results of the Abingdon Foray, June 1966. Raven 37:71-76. Sealy, S. G. 1999. Further data on food items of Northern Saw- whet Owls (Aegolius acadicus brooksi ) on the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Western Birds 30:200-205. Simpson, M. B., Jr. 1992. Birds of the Blue Ridge Mountains. University of North Carolina Press. Smith, G. F. and N. S. Nicholas. 2000. Size- and age-class distributions of Fraser fir following balsam woolly adelgid infestation. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30:948-957. Southern, J. 2009. Briefs for the files. Chat 73:163. Stoleson, S. H., T. E. Ristau, D. S. deCalesta, S. B. Horsley. 2011. Ten- year response of bird communities to an operational herbicide-shelterwood treatment in a northern hardwood forest. Forest Ecology and Management 262:1205-1214. Westphal, M. J., M. B. Simpson, N. Murdock, and A. Laughlin. 2008. Range expansion of Hermit ( Catharus guttatus) and Swainson’s Thrush ( Catharus ustulatus) in the Southern Appalachians. Chat 72:126-132 Received 23 August 2011, accepted 3 November 2011. 2010 Annual Report of the South Carolina Bird Records Committee Donna Slyce1, Chair, Giff Beaton, Lex Glover, Chris Hill, J. B. Hines III, Will Post, Steve Wagner 1 304 Diamond Lane, Ridgeway, SC 29130 In 2010, the South Carolina Bird Records Committee completed action on two records, both of which were accepted. One of the reports added a new species to the state list in the Definitive category. A report of a California Gull photographed at the Horry County landfill in early January of 2010 that was photographed and well described by Chris Hill placed the species on the state list. At the end of 2010, several additional reports had been received by the committee and were in circulation. Committee membership was unchanged in 2010. The number of the committee remains at seven. The current state list stands at 455 species, with 16 Provisional II species and 14 Hypothetical species. The most recent revision of the state list can be found online at http://www.carolinabirdclub.org/brc. The state list available online includes review categories in addition to list categories for each species. Committee activity is reviewed below. Reports accepted: Arctic Tern (12-09-04): A specimen salvaged from Debidue Beach in May of 2009 was documented and photographed by Chris Hill (Hill et al. 2010). His report, including a thorough write-up and numerous diagnostic photographs, was accepted unanimously by the committee. This report is only a second report of the species in the state. The specimen has been archived in the Charleston Museum of Natural History. California Gull (01-10-01): A single bird of this species was picked out from among thousands of Herring Gulls at Horry county landfill in early January of 2010 by Chris Hill (2010). The well -organized write-up included numerous diagnostic photographs of the reported bird among the Herring Gulls that provided relative size and plumage difference comparisons to be made by the reviewing members. The record was accepted unanimously. Due to the inclusion of photographs, this report adds the species to the Definitive category of the state list. Literature Cited Hill, C. E. 2010. First record of California Gull (. Larus californicus) for South Carolina. Chat 74:102-103. Hill, C. E., T. Marshall, and W. B. Allen. 2010. First specimen of Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea ) for South Carolina. Chat 74:40-43. 147 148 2010 Annual Report of the SC Bird Records Committee Corrigenda to the 2009 Annual Report 1. The acceptance of the Broad-billed Hummingbird record with photographs promoted the species from Provisional I to Definitive status. The Annual Report noted that it was only the second record but did not mention the status change. 2. The record of White-winged Dove was from Okatie, Beaufort County. The editor incorrectly changed the county name to Jasper County. The community of Okatie is in Jasper County but the zip code spans both counties. Received 29 October 201 1 General Field Notes General Field Notes briefly report such items as rare sightings, unusual behaviors, significant nesting records, or summaries of such items. First, second, or third sightings of species in either state must be submitted to the appropriate Bird Records Committee prior to publication in The Chat. Second Nesting Record of Common Merganser ( Mergus merganser) in North Carolina Zora L. Rhodes1 and Jerry L. Johnson2 1 143 Forest Hills Drive, Mill Spring, NC 28756 2 4004 Lake Adger Parkway, Mill Spring, NC 28756 icbirds@windstream. net In recent years, there have been regular sightings of Common Mergansers {Mergus merganser) along the Green River in Polk County, NC. In the spring and early summer of 2008, Jay Davies, former fishery biologist, and Master Officer Toby Jenkins of the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission made several sightings of a female Common Merganser with young on the lower Green River where it flows into Lake Adger in Polk County, North Carolina. These sightings were not reported or documented at that time. Later that year on the 2008 Tryon, NC, Christmas Bird Count, Davies and Zora Rhodes saw and recorded a male Common Merganser on the lower Green River near Lake Adger. Subsequently, several male and female Common Mergansers have been seen on the Green River and Lake Adger and were recorded for the 2009 and 2010 Tryon, NC, Christmas Bird Counts. Davies, Jenkins, Rhodes, Jerry Johnson, and others saw the birds continually throughout the winter months of 2011. Davies saw a pair of Common Mergansers sitting together on a rock in the Green River at the end of March 2011. Evidence of nesting On 5 June 2011, Jennifer Metzger took a picture of a female merganser with young on the Green River near Lake Adger and submitted it to Jenkins. On 13 June, after several attempts by Johnson and Rhodes to document the female, Johnson was able to take a close-up photograph with a Canon 50D 75-300 IS while kayaking (Fig. 1). The photograph captures the female’s 149 150 Second Nesting Record of Common Merganser in NC Figure 1. Female Common Merganser with 10 young on 13 June 2011 on Green River near Lake Adger. White throat patch confirms identification as female Common Merganser. Photo by Jerry Johnson. white throat patch, which confirms that she was indeed a Common Merganser, and it shows her with approximately 1 0 young. On 25 June, while canoeing the lower Green River into Lake Adger, Davies and Rhodes counted 1 1 Common Mergansers grouped together. On 28 June, Johnson photographed 11 Common Mergansers verifying the female Common Merganser with 10 young (Fig. 2). Figure 2. Group of 1 1 Common Mergansers photographed on Green River, 28 June 2011. Photo by Jerry Johnson. The Chat, Vol 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 151 On 8 July, Jenkins photographed 16 Common Mergansers on Lake Adger. On 10 July, Johnson also counted the 16 birds together on the lower Green River. This creche of juveniles suggests that more than one brood of Common Mergansers may be present in the area. The 1 3 June photo was submitted to and verified by several members of the NC Bird Records Committee, making this the second record of a Common Merganser nesting in North Carolina. The first record was documented in 1938 when a pair nested successfully in a stump at Bennett’s Pond in Chowan County, NC (Potter et al. 1980). Discussion Since the early 1990s, there have been several Common Mergansers reported during the summer months on Lake Jordan in the eastern piedmont of North Carolina but without known nesting (LeGrand 1990). The Green River nesting record may indicate a return of this species to its former range. According to historical research by David S. Lee (1999): The Common Merganser breeds throughout the forested boreal Holarctic. In eastern North America it presently nests only sporadically south of New England. Brimley (1941) reported the species as nesting in Chowan County, NC, in 1938. Kiff (1989) reviewed historical information, obtained unpublished museum egg data, and concluded that the species historically nested throughout much of the southeastern United States. He mentioned records from western Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia, and Tennessee, and he cited a report from Audubon of nesting in Kentucky. Thus, it appears that nesting in the South was formerly widespread and that the local decline of these birds corresponds with the time beavers ( Castor canadensis) disappeared from the region. Common Mergansers also experienced a breeding range contraction in Europe in this same general time period. With the return of the beaver to North Carolina, there should be den trees for nesting cavities available throughout the state (Potter et al. 2006). The section of the Green River where the Common Mergansers are found provides good nesting habitat for these ducks similar to good nesting habitat found on forested stream sites farther north. Starting in Henderson County, North Carolina, the Green River flows first into Lake Summit, which catches much of its sediment load. Next, it flows through the Green River Game Lands before it reaches Lake Adger. This section is rather pristine with secondary-growth forests and several beaver dams. Thus, there are many large den trees with cavities excavated by Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus). These cavities provide good nesting sites, a known limiting factor for the Common Merganser. Being a piscivorus species, the Common Merganser needs an abundance of aquatic invertebrates and fish to rear its young. In fact, it is an important 152 Second Nesting Record of Common Merganser in NC indicator species for the health of aquatic ecosystems (Mallory and Metz 1999). According to William T. Russ II, Western Aquatic Wildlife Diversity Biologist for the N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission (pers. comm.), this section of the Green River where the birds are found has very good water quality. Based on a 6 May 2010 fish sample at a boating access area on Green River, it has one of the highest counts for diversity and abundance of fish in the Broad River Basin, which includes the Green River. Johnson, Rhodes, and others plan to monitor the presence of the Common Merganser in the lower part of the Green River flowing into Lake Adger in the coming years. Literature cited Brimley, C. S. 1941. Unusual North Carolina records. Auk 58:106-108. Kiff, L. F. 1989. Historical breeding records of the Common Merganser in southeastern United States. Wilson Bull. 101:141-143. Lee, David S. 1999. Extinction, extirpation, and range reduction of breeding birds in North Carolina: What can be learned? Chat 63:103-122. LeGrand, Harry E., Jr. 1990. Briefs for the Files. Chat 55:59-66. Mallory, M., and K. Metz. 1999. Common Merganser (. Mergus merganser). In The Birds of North America, no. 442 (A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill, Eds.). Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and American Ornithologists’ Union, Washington, DC. Potter, E. F., J. F. Parnell, and R. P. Teulings. 1980. Birds of the Carolinas. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. Potter, E. F., J. F. Parnell, R. P. Teulings, and R. Davis 2006. Birds of the Carolinas, 2nd ed. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. Received 23 August 2011, accepted 3 November 2011 BRIEFS FOR THE FILES Josh Southern 203 Hyannis Drive Holly Springs, NC 27540 joshsouthem79@gmail.com (All dates Summer 2011, unless otherwise noted) Briefs for the Files is a seasonal collection of uncommon-to-rare or unusual North and South Carolina bird sightings and events which do not necessarily require a more detailed Field Note or article. Reports of your sightings are due the 20th of the month after the end of the previous season. Winter December 1 -February 28 Spring March 1-May 31 Summer June 1-July 31 Fall August 1 -November 30 due March 20 due June 20 due August 20 due December 20 Reports may be submitted in any format, but I prefer that you use email, list multiple sightings in taxonomic order (rather than by date or location), and type your report directly into the body of the email. If your sightings are in a file, please copy-and-paste the text into the body of the email, rather than sending an attachment. Suitable reports for the Briefs include any sightings you feel are unusual, rare, noteworthy, or just plain interesting to you in any way! It is my responsibility to decide which reports merit inclusion in the Briefs. Please be sure to include details of any rare or hard-to-identify birds. I rely in part on sightings reported in Carolinabirds. Please don’t, however, rely on me to pick up your sightings from Carolinabirds. Instead, please also send your sightings directly to me as described above. If I feel that your sighting warrants a Field Note, I will contact either you or the appropriate state Field Notes editor. You may, of course, submit your Field Note directly to the editor without going through me. Black-bellied Whistling-Duck: Sixteen were counted at Donnelley Wildlife Management Area (WMA), Colleton Co, SC, 4 June (Ron Clark). Mottled Duck: Much farther inland than all previous NC sightings was that of an individual at Riverbend Park in Conover, NC, 24 July through 5 Aug (Dwayne Martin, m.obs.). Ring-necked Duck: For the second year in a row, a drake spent the summer on Salem Lake in Winston-Salem, NC (John Haire). The bird seen on the 153 154 Briefs for the Files — Summer 2011 Spring Bird Count (SBC) remained on Yates Mill Pond in Raleigh, NC, until at least 25 June (Erla Beegle, et al.). Lesser Scaup: Two males remained on the waterfront in Morehead City, NC, throughout the summer (John Fussell). An individual was seen on the retention pond next to Concord Mills Mall in Concord, NC, 19 June (Jeff Lemons). Common Eider: A lingering female was found in the Beaufort Channel, off the Rachel Carson Preserve, Beaufort, NC, 2 June (John Fussell, Paula Gillikin). Surf Scoter: A juvenile male was seen at the ferry terminal on Ocracoke Island, NC, 10 June (Ali Iyoob, Nathan Swick, Chris Ciccone). A female was seen in the surf off S Nags Head, NC, 8 July (Audrey Whitlock). Common Merganser: A female with ten juveniles in tow was photographed on the Green River in Polk Co, NC, 14 June (Jerry Johnson, Zora Rhodes). According to the observers, this bird has raised young at this location for the past three years. There is only one previous report of this species breeding in our region. Red-breasted Merganser: Lingering into summer were individual females just inside Oregon Inlet, NC, 15 June (Audrey Whitlock), and near the jetty at Huntington Beach State Park (SP), SC, 21 June (Paul Serridge). Common Loon: Three, one adult in breeding plumage and two juveniles were seen on Lookout Shoals Lake in Catawba Co, NC, 18 and 25 June (Monroe Pannell). Two loons were also on Jordan Lake, NC, 25 June (Phil Warren). Both reports are interesting because most previous reports of summering loons on inland lakes are of individuals. Herald (Trindade) Petrel: One was photographed from a NOAA research ship off South Carolina, 28 June (Tom Johnson), providing the state with its first record. Two were seen from the same ship, 80+ nautical miles SSE of Cape Hatteras, NC, 2 July (Johnson, fide Brian Patteson). Two were seen on a pelagic trip out of Hatteras, NC, 17 July (Patteson, et al.). Fea’s Petrel: One was photographed from a NOAA research ship, 80+ nautical miles SSE of Cape Hatteras, NC, 2 July (Tom Johnson, /hie Brian Patteson). White-tailed Tropicbird: The spring’s impressive counts continued on pelagic trips out of Hatteras, NC, with three on 1 2 June, one on 3 1 July, and four to five on 17 July (Brian Patteson, et al.). Five adults were seen from a NOAA research ship in the Gulf Stream, within 75 miles of the NC coast, 1 July (Tom Johnson). Red-billed Tropicbird: Singles were noted on a pelagic trip out of Hatteras, NC, 1 1 July (Brian Patteson, et al.) and from a NOAA research ship in the Gulf Stream, within 75 miles of the NC coast, 1 July (Tom Johnson). Wood Stork: Flocks of post-breeding wanderers were found at two sites in the NC coastal plain — along the Black River, on the border of Bladen and Pender Co, NC, where about 40 were counted 18 June (David Stahle, Katheryn Perkins, Angie Carl, Daniel Griffin, Charles Robbins, Larry The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 155 M White-tailed Tropicbird, 12 June 2011, off Hatteras, NC. Photo by Nathan Swick. Myers, fide John Carpenter); and in a Carolina Bay near Orrum, Robeson Co, NC, where 30+ were seen during the period {fide Harry LeGrand). Magnificent Frigatebird: One, either a female or a third/fourth year male, was seen flying up the coast at Surf City, NC (Paul Glass) and two hours later in Emerald Isle, NC, 5 July (Bo Howes). An adult male was seen soaring high over the ocean off Salvo, NC, 29 July (Bob Ake, Audrey Whitlock). Brown Booby: A juvenile was photographed on the dunes at the S end of Wrightsville Beach, NC, 25 June (Tim Armstrong) but never relocated. Great Cormorant: Immature birds were seen at Oregon Inlet, NC, 3 July (Jeff Lewis) and at the S end of Wrightsville Beach, NC, 16 July (Sam Cooper). It’s been ten years since our region’s last sighting of this species during the summer period. Anhinga: One at Aberdeen Lake in Moore Co, NC, 15 June (Rex Badgett ,fide Susan Campbell) was locally unusual. Great Cormorant, 3 July 2011, Pea Is NWR, NC. Photo by Jeff Lewis. 156 Briefs for the Files — Summer 2011 Brown Pelican: An immature bird at Falls Lake, NC, 28 June (Ali Iyoob) was a good find for a site so far inland. Least Bittern: One in a yard in Boiling Springs, NC, 1 1 June (Art Bottoms) was unusual for the mountain region. Little Blue Heron: A first-spring bird was present at Salem Lake in Winston-Salem, NC, 3-5 June (John Haire) and a juvenile bird was present at the same location, 13-14 July (Carol Cunningham). Three juveniles were at Lake Wheeler, Wake Co, NC, 9 July (Steve Shultz). Reddish Egret: Two were seen at Hatteras Inlet, NC, 10 June (Ali Iyoob, Nathan Swick, Chris Ciccone). Three were reported from Hammocks Beach SP, NC, 13 July {fide Derb Carter). Yellow-crowned Night-Heron: A juvenile seen out in the Gulf Stream during a pelagic trip out of Hatteras, NC, 31 July (Brian Patteson, et al.) was unusual. White Ibis: Inland sightings of post-breeding wanderers included one between Hickory and Lenoir, NC, 29 June (Dwayne Martin); a juvenile in Edneyville, NC, 29 June (Chris Bollar); three juveniles in NW Durham, NC, 5 July (Norm Budnitz); five juveniles at Lake Wheeler, Wake Co, NC, 10 July (Nathan Swick); a juvenile at the Municipal Golf Course in Asheville, NC, 8-1 1 July (fide Joan Carr); 16 juveniles at Lynn’s Nursery in Leicester, Buncombe Co, NC, for two weeks in early July (Doug Johnston, Len Pardue); a juvenile on the Davidson River in Brevard, NC, 13 July (Norma Siebenheller, Wayne Forsythe); a juvenile in NW Mecklenburg Co, NC, 23 July (John Bonestell); a juvenile along the French Broad River, N of Asheville, NC, 17 July (Caroline Eastman); and one at Hooper Lane in Henderson Co, NC, 17 July (Paul Super). Roseate Spoonbill: Sightings included six at Bear Island WMA, Colleton Co, SC, 9 June (Cherrie Sneed); one at Pleasant Point Plantation in Beaufort Co, SC, 14 June (Buddy Campbell); two at Huntington Beach SP, SC, 6 July (Jerry Kerschner, Jack Peachey); and a juvenile on Lady’s Island in Beaufort, SC, 15-17 July (Campbell). Swallow-tailed Kite: Some of the better counts were 14 over a field off NC-87 on the outskirts of Riegelwood, NC, 12 June (John Ennis); and 40+ over fields near Allendale, SC, 16 July (Sparkle Clark, Carroll Richard, Ron Wright). Mississippi Kite: Outside of the species’ typical breeding range was one in Charlotte, NC, 6 June (Ron Clark) and an active nest in a residential area of Greensboro, NC, in late July (Scott DePu e,fide Henry Link). Roseate Spoonbill, 7 July 2011, Huntington Beach SP, SC. Photo by Jerry Kerschner. The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 157 Broad-winged Hawk: Two were seen and heard in the Green Swamp of Brunswick Co, NC, 1 July (Mike Turner), suggestive of breeding in that area. King Rail: One in Buxton, NC, 3 June (Jeff Lewis) was found in unusually salty/brackish habitat more typical of a Clapper Rail. American Coot: One on Lookout Shoals Lake in Catawba Co, NC, 18 June (Monroe Panned) was unusual for the region in summer. Sandhill Crane: One, reportedly quite tame, spent the day at a condominium development in Salter Path, NC, 4 July (Betty Stierhoff, fide John Fussell). Wilson’s Plover: One near the ferry terminal in Cedar Island, NC, 31 July (John Fussell, Jack Fennell) was locally unusual. Piping Plover: Sightings included four to five on the E end of Bear Island, Hammocks Beach SP, NC, in early June (John Voigt); and two on Kiawah Island, SC, 15 July (Aaron Given). Black-necked Stilt: A good count of 46 was made in New Field, Pea Island NWR, NC, 28 July (Audrey Whitlock, Greg Moyers). Spotted Sandpiper: One at the dam on Mayo Millpond in Nash Co, NC, 5 June (Ricky Davis) was somewhat late for a spring migrant. Early fall migrants included six at the ferry terminal in Cedar Island, NC, 3 July (John Fussell, Jack Fennell) and three at Lake Wheeler, Wake Co, NC, 9 July (Steve Shultz). Marbled Godwit: Respectable mid-summer counts included eight on Harbor Island, Beaufort Co, SC, 23-25 June (Don Martin) and 16 at Captain Sam’s Inlet, Charleston Co, SC, 6 July (Cherrie Sneed, Aija & Ed Konrad). White-rumped Sandpiper: Four at Salem Lake in Winston-Salem, NC, 20- 21 June (John Haire) must have been very late spring migrants. Short-billed Dowitcher: One found at Cane Creek Reservoir, Orange Co, NC, 9 July (Jacob Socolar, Carlos Peres) was unusual for a site so far inland. Red-necked Phalarope: A pair, one of which was in breeding plumage, was found on North Pond, Pea Island NWR, NC, 12 June (Scott Winton). Lesser Black-backed Gull: 37 were counted around a sand dredging operation at S Nags Head, NC, 23 July (Audrey Whitlock), providing an excellent summer count. Least Tern: Two seen on Lake Crabtree, Wake Co, NC, 15 June (Thierry Besan^on) were unusual for a site so far from the coast. Roseate Tern: Two were reported from Cape Point, Buxton, NC, 15 July (Brian Taber, fide Ned Brinkley). South Polar Skua: Three, two of which were feeding on a recently-killed Black-capped Petrel, were seen during a pelagic trip out of Hatteras, NC, 1 1 July (Brian Patteson, et al.). An individual was also seen on a pelagic trip, 17 July (Patteson, et al.). Eurasian Collared-Dove: One seen on Roanoke Island, NC, 2 July (Jeff Lewis) was a first for that island, though colonies are established in nearby Nags Head, NC. 158 Briefs for the Files — Summer 2011 White-winged Dove, 12 June 2011, Pea Island NWR. Photo by Scott Winton. White-winged Dove: Sightings on the Outer Banks of NC continued into summer, with individuals seen at Pea Island NWR, NC, 11-12 June (Will Cook, Scott Winton); and at a feeder in North Ridge, Nags Head, NC, 29 June {fide Jeff Lewis). One was also seen on Bald Head Island, NC, 15 July (Brian O’Shea). Mourning Dove: One to four seen throughout the season at Carver’s Gap (5550+ ft), Roan Mountain, NC, were unusual for such a high elevation (Rick Knight). Nanday (Black-hooded) Parakeet: An individual continued to be seen in downtown Morehead City, NC, throughout the period (John Fussell). Alder Flycatcher: Sightings included two to six on Roan Mountain, NC, throughout the period (Rick Knight); three on territory at Black Balsam Mountain, near milepost 418 on the Blue Ridge Parkway (BRP), NC, 13 June (Steve Compton); and ten along the Appalachian Trail near Roan Mountain, NC, 17-19 June (Jacob Socolar, Ali Iyoob, Scott Winton). Scissor-tailed Flycatcher: A female joined the male at last year’s nesting site along Gunter Rd, near Piedmont, SC, 17 June (Cherrie Sneed), almost two months after the male arrived, though nesting was never confirmed. A male was seen at Forestview High School in Gastonia, NC, 15-24 June (Sam Braxton, Jeff Lemons, Keith Scissor-tailed Flycatchers, 26 June 2011, Cambum), only a few miles from the near Pendleton, SC. Photo by Linda country club where a male was seen Montgomery. The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 159 Scissor-tailed Flycatchers, 23 July 201 1, Anilorac Farm. Photo by Jeff Lewis. in June 2009. A pair successfully nested at the Simpson Research Center near Pendleton, SC, as a nest with four juveniles atop a utility pole was first noted 26 June (Rob Gentry, Scott Davis). A pair was found nesting on an antenna at Anilorac Farm in Orange Co, NC, 9 July (Jacob Socolar), and nestlings were photographed at the site 23 July (Jeff Lewis). Loggerhead Shrike: A pair successfully nested on Pivers Island, near Beaufort, NC, as fledglings were noted 18 June (John Fussell, Paula Gillikin). This sighting may represent the first breeding record of this species in Carteret County since 1975. Warbling Vireo: A singing individual continued along the shore of Lookout Shoals Lake, Catawba Co, NC, 18 and 25 June (Monroe Pannell). Common Raven: Five, two adults and three juveniles, were seen at the Vulcan Rock Quarry in Charlotte, NC, 6 June (Ron Clark, Tom Sanders) where breeding was also confirmed last year. Horned Lark: Eleven, including four juveniles, were counted at the Oakland Plantation Turf Farm in Bladen Co, NC, 3 June (Daniel Hueholt). A flock of 35 at North River Farms, Carteret Co, NC, 12 June (John Fussell, Jack Fennell) was an unusually large concentration for the breeding season. Two heard singing at the same location, 16 June (Fussell), was suggestive of breeding at that location. Breeding was confirmed on the bald of Bearwallow Mountain, NE of Hendersonville, NC, as a pair was seen gathering food 2 and 17 June (Wayne Forsythe) and two adults and a juvenile were seen 2 July (Henry Link, et al.). Cliff Swallow: Nesting around Havelock, NC, on the Hampton Inn and two nearby bridges, evidenced by 110 nests on 8 June (John Fussell) seemed “later than one might expect”. According to Fussell, “the timing of the nesting seemed to coincide with the worsening drought and presence of 160 Briefs for the Files — Summer 2011 exposed bottoms of storm water retention ponds, which provided access to wet clay.” Swainson’s Thrush: One was noted between mileposts 355 and 360 along the BRP, NC, 1 July (Marilyn Westphal, Mark Simpson). One was heard along the Appalachian Trail near Round Bald, Roan Mountain, NC, 17 June (Jacob Socolar, Ali Iyoob, Scott Winton) and 23 June (Scott Somershoe). Strong evidence of this species breeding in NC has not yet been obtained. Hermit Thrush: Two to three were heard singing on Roan Mountain, NC, throughout the season, and a juvenile was seen 22 July (Rick Knight). Individuals were also heard singing on Mt Mitchell, NC, 18 June (Jacob Socolar, Ali Iyoob, Scott Winton); near Andrews Bald, near Clingmans Dome in Swain Co, NC, 9 July (Dean Edwards); and at Elk Knob SP, Watauga Co, NC, at dawn on 31 July, at 4926 ft (Merrill Lynch, Parker Backstrom). Brown Thrasher: Two seen at Carver’s Gap (5500+ ft), Roan Mountain, NC/TN border, throughout the season (Rick Knight) were unusual for such a Cedar Waxwing: A fledgling was photographed in a yard in Camden, SC, 7 July (Kurt Krucke). Two were intermittently seen in Wilmington, NC, throughout the period (Sam Cooper). Magnolia Warbler: Three to four singing males were observed on Roan Mountain, NC, 20 May through 1 July (Rick Knight). An adult male along the shore of Lookout Shoals Lake, Catawba Co, NC, 21 July (Monroe Pannell) must have been an early fall migrant. Blackpoll Warbler: Two heard in S Nags Head, NC, 6 June (Audrey Whitlock) were somewhat late. Yellow-rumped Warbler: Two were seen at Carver’s Gap, next to Roan High Knob, NC/TN border, 18 June (Jacob Socolar, Ali Iyoob, Scott Winton). Their presence at this date suggested breeding. Bachman’s Sparrow: One found at the end of Doyle Bottom Rd in the Clemson Experimental Forest, Pickens Co, SC, 10 June (Jessica Gorzo) was a first for that area. Chipping Sparrow: Two singing males at the Cloudland parking lot (-6100 ft), Roan Mountain, NC, 14 June (Rick Knight) were unusual for that high elevation. Vesper Sparrow: Two to three singing males were observed on Round Bald and at Engine Gap, Roan Mountain, NC, throughout the season (Rick Knight). Fledgling Cedar Waxwing, 7 July 2011, Camden, SC. Photo by Kurt Krucke. The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 161 Swamp Sparrow: One that visited a feeder at Riverbend Park in Conover, NC, 9 July (Dwayne Martin) was unusual for the summer season. White-throated Sparrow: An adult was present in a yard in Cary, NC, 7 June through the end of the period (Kevin Markham). Another adult was seen in Charlotte, NC, during the second week of June {fide Ron Clark). An individual was seen at the Prairie Ridge Ecostation in Raleigh, NC, 24 July (Brian O’Shea) but not seen again. Indigo Bunting: Two to three singing males were observed on Roan Mountain, at -5600 ft, 14 June through the end of the period (Rick Knight). Dickcissel: 30 singing males were counted at North River Farms in Carteret Co, NC, 12 June (John Fussell, Jack Fennell), providing a high count for that location. A male was seen singing in a field in Drake, Nash Co, NC, 4 June through mid- July (Ricky Davis). One was seen at Dobbins Farm in Townville, SC, 13 June (Bob & Judy Maxwell). A pair was found along Mid Pines Rd in Raleigh, NC, 25 June (Erla Beegle, et al.) and was present until at least 30 June (John Connors). Three, a male and two females, were seen at Ft Fisher, NC, 1-2 July (Bruce Smithson, Greg Massey). Red Crossbill: Four or more were seen throughout the season on Roan Mountain, NC (Rick Knight). About ten were seen at Carver’s Gap, Roan Mountain, NC/TN border, 18 June (Jacob Socolar, Ali Iyoob, Scott Winton). A pair was found along the Bald Knob Ridge trail, adjacent to Mt Mitchell, NC, 1 July (Marilyn Westphal, Mark Simpson). Pine Siskin: Two to eight were seen throughout the season on Roan Mountain, NC (Rick Knight). Seven were noted around Mt Mitchell, NC, 1 Red Crossbill, 25 July 2011, Grand- July (Marilyn Westphal, Mark father Mountain, NC. Photo by Jeff Simpson). Lewis. Dickcissel, 25 June 2011, Mid Pines Rd, Raleigh, NC. Photo by James Meehan. Fifty Years Ago in The Chat — December 1961 In the December 1961 issue of The Chat , the lead article was “Some Aspects of the Fall Shorebird Migration at Southport, N.C. in 1961” by T. L. Quay and D. A. Adam. They described flight paths of transient shorebirds. General Field Notes reported a number of interesting observations. Joseph R. Norwood reported on a nesting of Pileated Woodpeckers in Mecklenburg County. Apparently the species had been seen in the county only once previously. William Post, Jr. described a previously undiscovered heron rookery on Hilton Head Island, populated by hundreds of herons and White Ibis. Also, Mr. and Mrs. David McG. Harrall reported a Great White Heron from Hilton Head Island. General Field Notes editor B. R. Chamberlain commented that as the species had “never been taken in South Carolina”, it “should be on the state Hypothetical List”. William Post, Jr. reported another record of Coot nesting in SC. This nest was in Barnwell County and was only the second nesting record for the state. Mrs. Ellison D. Smith reported that Least Terns were again nesting at Lake Murray, SC, where they had first been found the previous year. Richard H. Siler reported finding Red-cockaded Woodpeckers nesting near Seven Springs in Wayne County, NC. Strangely, editor Chamberlain commented that “Wayne County is farther inland than most nesting sites recorded in North Carolina”. Gaston Gage reported a nest of Bam Swallows near Clemson, SC. This was the first nesting record for the state, other than along the coast. J. Fred Denton reported nesting of Baltimore Orioles in North Augusta, SC, apparently the first nesting record for the state since 1 943 . The CBC fall field trip was held at Clemson, SC, 6-8 Oct 1961, with 75 members attending. In Briefs for the Files, it was reported that two singing male Bachman’s Warblers were found in Charleston County, SC between 19 March and the third week of May. “One was watched by scores of observers, the location of the second bird being withheld for its protection.” — Kent Fiala, editor 162 Index to Volume 75 (2011) A Abbott, David, 37, 39-43, 46-54, 65, 68, 72 ACE Basin, 67, 76 Aiken, SC, 65, 75 Airlie Gardens, 37, 38, 48, 51 Ake, Bob, 155 Alamance County, NC, 2, 13,29, 67 Aldrich, Melissa, 1 3 1 Alleghany County, NC, 48 Allen Carolyn, 13, 98 Dennis, 7 Kathryn, 7 Allendale, SC, 156 Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge, 42, 47- 49, 54, 62,65,68,71, 73,75, 128 Amyx, Herb, 18, 104 Anderson, David, 1 5 Andrews, George, 41 Angerman-Stewart, Julie, 17, 103 Angier, NC, 2 Anhinga, 21, 31, 40, 64, 125, 155 Anilorac Farm, 73, 159 Archie Elledge Water Treatment Plant, 48 Arcos, Todd, 61 Armstrong, Tim, 155 Ashe County, NC, 75, 134 Asheville, NC, 42, 134, 156 Atlantic Beach, NC, 50, 62, 63,67, 124, 130 Aubel, Claire, 46 Aurora, NC, 43 Avery County, NC, 44, 75, 119 Avocet, American, 43, 67 Avon, NC, 63,68, 129 B Backstrom, Parker, 159 Badger, Elaine, 9 1 Badgett, Rex, 13, 99, 155 Baker, Anne, 60 Bald Head Island, 2, 47, 76, 158 Ballenger, Clancy, 105 Balsam Mountains, 7, 8, 29, 92 Baranski, Chris, 71 Barden, Larry and Louise, 11,97 Barg, Marvin and Michele, 7,91 Barmore, Dick, 64 Barnes, Jared, 17 Barnwell County, SC, 61 Baron Sam, 14, 99 Scott, 74 Bartlett, Joyce, 13, 98 Bateson, Jim, 105 Bauer, Dorothy, 7, 91 Beaman, Barbara, 15, 100 Beane, Jeff, 13, 62, 64, 68 Bear Island Wildlife Management Area, 37, 40-42, 47, 49, 52, 54, 61, 127, 129, 156 Beard, Joan, 7 Bearden Joe, 17, 103 Karen, 17, 103 Beaton, Giff. See Slyce, Donna, et al. Beaufort NC, 36, 43, 44, 46,47, 50, 64, 75, 131, 154, 159 SC, 129, 156 Beaufort County NC, 127, 135 SC, 148, 156, 157 Beaufort Inlet, NC, 64, 67, 68,70 Beck, Brady, 99 Beckham Swamp Road, 65 Beegle, Erla, 17, 103, 154, 161 Behrer, Art and Joanne, 72 Belhaven, NC, 65, 71 Berger, Gene, 1 2 Bergier, Jenna, 135 Bernard, Michael, 64, 65, 73, 132 Berry, Karen, 18 Besanpon, Thierry, 39, 45, 62, 99, 130, 157, 159 Biller, Rob, 129 Birch, Shelby, 1 Bird Shoal, 43 Bimley, Debbie, 1 1, 97 Bishop Elisabeth, 15 Elizabeth, 100 Todd, 15, 100 Bittern American, 21, 108, 126 Least, 40, 64, 126, 156 Black Mountain, NC, 10, 29, 94, 136 Blackbird Brewer’s, 55, 77 Red-winged, 28, 34, 1 14 Rusty, 28, 77, 114 Blackburn, Jane, 13 Bladen County, NC, 127, 154,159 Blaine, Pat, 7, 91 Blanton, Kenneth, 14 Blee Dick, 7 Sylvia, 7 Blue Ridge, 137 Blue Ridge Parkway, 8, 42, 92, 132, 158 Bluebird, Eastern, 26, 33, 112 Bobalek, Tom, 103 Bobolink, 28,54, 114 Bobwhite, Northern, 21,31, 39, 107 Bockhahn, Brian, 14-16, 18, 36,37,40-45,47,48, 53, 54, 60-63, 65, 66, 68,71,73,75-77, 102- 105, 135 Bodie Island, 37, 46, 47,61, 65,66,71 Bogle, Betsy, 99 Bogue Banks, 74 Bohan, Pat, 7 Boiling Springs, NC, 156 Bollar, Chris, 156 Bomberg, Brian, 1 02 Bonestell, John, 156 Booby Brown, 125, 155 Masked, 125 Boots, Stuart, 12 Bost, Pat, 1 7 Bottoms, Art, 156 164 Index to Volume 75 — 2011 Bowles, John, 98 Bowman Carol, 13,99 Diana, 13 Boyd Rich, 19,43,50, 105 Rich & Susan, 47, 50, 127 Rich and Susan, 61, 63, 64, 66,71,73 Susan, 19, 47, 105 Brand, Kim, 12, 96, 98 Brant, 37 Brasher, Sherree, 103 Braxton, Sam, 158 Breach Inlet, 67 Brevard, NC, 59, 65, 156 Brewster, Jerome, 17 Brinkley, Ned, 46, 157 Brookgreen Gardens, 76 Brown David, 19, 105 Louise, 13, 98 Browns Summit, NC, 136 Brunjes, John, 63 Brunswick County, NC, 2, 127, 132, 157 Bryan, Allen, 2, 64, 66, 67, 73, 74, 75, 76 Bryant, Stephen, 98 Bryson City, NC, 61 Bucksport, SC, 64 Bucksville, SC, 75 Buczynski, Stephen, 19, 100, 105 Budnitz, Norm, 15, 16, 64, 100, 102, 124, 127, 133, 156 Bufflehead, 107, 124 Buncombe County, NC, 3, 9, 29, 66, 93, 156 Bunting Indigo, 28, 34, 76, 114, 136, 160 Lark, 4 Painted, 28, 34, 76, 114, 136 Snow, 50, 73 Burnette, Dennis, 37, 73, 98, 133 Bustle, Robert, 1 1 , 97 Buxton, NC, 38, 63, 64, 68, 69,71,73,74, 124, 125, 127-130, 136, 157 Byrd, Chuck, 14, 15,99, 100 C Cabarrus County, NC, 136 Caesar's Head, 41 Caldwell, Kevin, 124 Calver, Steve, 36, 39, 40, 43, 45-47,49-51,53,54, 63,67, 73,74, 130 Cambum, Keith, 75, 158, See LeGrand, Harry, et al. Cameron Jamie, 7 Susan, 7, 94 Camp Lejeune, NC, 135 Campbell Buddy, 129, 156 Lyle, 31,40,41 Susan, 13, 47, 74, 99, 155 Canfield, Chris, 14, 15 Canvasback, 61 Cape Fear River, 127 Cape Hatteras, 74, 154 Cape Lookout National Seashore, 39, 71, 132, 136 Cardinal, Northern, 28, 34, 114 Carl, Angie, 154 Carmichael, Halbert, 17, 103 Carolina Beach, NC, 70, 73 Carolina Beach State Park, 63,73 Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Refuge, 75, 135 Carpenter John, 5 1 Sherri, 47 Carstens, Tim, 7, 92 Carter Catherine, 99 Derb, 2, 60, 62, 63, 65, 68-71,73, 133, 156 J. H. Ill, 99 Jay III, 13 Carteret County, NC, 46, 64, 66, 75, 76, 124, 126, 127, 131, 133, 135, 136, 159, 160 Carvers Gap, 117, 158, 159, 160, 161 Cary, NC, 47, 50,51 Case, Ashley, 94 Casey, Nancy, 7, 9, 10, 92, 94 Catawba County, NC, 46, 133, 154, 157, 159, 160 Catbird, Gray, 26, 33, 1 12 Cathey, Sam, 1 1 , 97 Catlett, Al, 136 Catlin, Jeff, 41, 132 Cedar Island, 41, 64, 157 Chalybeate Springs, NC, 2 Chamberlain David, 67 Jean, 11,96 Chapel Hill, NC, 14,29,52, 99, 126, 133, 134, 135 Charleston, SC, 39, 42, 47- 53,68,72, 73, 130, 131, 134 Charleston County, SC, 51, 128, 157 Charlotte, NC, 42,53,60, 65,66,71,73, 126, 133, 136, 156, 159, 160 Chase Bob, 99 Mary, 99 Chat, Yellow-breasted, 27, 33,75, 113 Chatham County, NC, 74, 133, 136 Chatterton, Helen, 72, 73, 74 Chelette, Carl, 100 Cherry, Bob, 95 Chew, Jane, 136 Chickadee Black-capped, 25, 112 Carolina, 25, 33, 111 Chuck-will’s-widow, 24, 110 Ciccone, Chris, 154, 156 Clark Anne, 66 David, 126 Ron, 10, 11,41,50, 65, 73,97, 126, 130, 153, 156, 159, 160 Ron & Anne, 42 Sparkle, 40, 66, 156 Clausen, Ruth, 91 Clayton, NC, 60 Clemson, SC, 65,77, 160 Click, Jeff, 65 Cliff, Barrie and Paulette, 93 Cochrane, Margaret, 12 Codispoti, Dan, 41 Coffman, Barbara, 15, 100 Cohen, Susan, 19 Coin, Patrick, 15, 100, 130 Cole, Sue, 13,98 Collar ed-Dove, Eurasian, 24, 32,47,71, 110, 157 The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 165 Colleton County, SC, 153, 156 Columbia, SC, 40, 62, 128, 133, 136 Colvin, Nita, 12 Compton, Steve, 136, 158 Concord, NC, 50, 154 Congaree National Park, 73, 74, 124 Congaree River, 40 Connors, John, 16, 17, 51, 103, 126, 135, 161 Conover, NC, 40,42,49,51, 52, 153, 160 Conway, SC, 47, 53, 77 Coody Donald, 1 Donnie, 43 Shelby, 43 Cook, Will, 14, 15, 16, 99, 100, 102, 158 Cooke Anson, 15, 100 Anson R., 14, 99 Dwayne, 14, 15, 100 Cooper, Sam, 53, 62-65, 67, 71,73,74, 155, 160, See LeGrand, Harry, et al. Coot, American, 22, 108, 157 Coquina Beach, 50 Core Banks, 39 Corey, Ed, 75, 104 Cormorant Double-crested, 21,31 Great, 64, 107, 155 Corolla, NC, 48 Coston, Howard, 96, 98 Covington, Joseph, 124 Cowal, Nancy, 8, 93 Cowan's Ford, 2, 4, 38, 49, 51,73, 126, 129 Cowbird, Brown-headed, 28, 34, 114 Cox, John, 67 Craig, Jim, 105 Crane, Sandhill, 42, 66, 128, 157 Craven County, NC, 1,61, 66 Creeper, Brown, 26, 49, 1 12 Creswell, NC, 43, 45, 49, 61 Crisp, Phil, 12,98 Croatan National Forest, 75, 76, 125 Crossbill Red, 77, 115, 136, 161 White-winged, 136 Crow American, 25, 32, 1 1 1 Fish, 25, 32, 111 Cubie, Doreen, 72 Cuckoo Black-billed, 24,47, 110, 131 Yellow-billed, 24, 32, 110 Culler, Jeff, 39 Cumberland County, NC, 74, 131 Cunningham, Carol, 12, 156 Curlew, Long-billed, 1, 43 Currituck County, NC, 133, 136 Cutler, Martha, 75 D D ’Andrea, Rosemary and Tony, 64 Dairyland Rd, 73 Dare County, NC, 1, 3, 4 Davis Ricky, 37-40, 42-45, 49, 50, 52, 53,55,60- 63,65,68-71,76, 124, 127, 131, 133, 136, 157, 1 60, See LeGrand, Harry, et al. Scott, 159 Daw, Matthew, 36, 39, 40, 42,48,50, 53,66,71 de Montluzin, Lorraine, 76 Dean Celia, 69 Eric, 39, 47, 48, 136, See LeGrand, Harry, et al. Eric and Celia, 68 DeBordieu Colony, SC, 65 Decker, Chris, 2 DeLozier, William and Angie, 2 Demarest Doug, 12, 98 Patty, 98 DePue Scott, 13,98, 134, 156 Devil’s Courthouse, 51 Dewees Island, SC, 127 Dewire, Maureen, 2, 46, 47 Diaz, Robin, 95 Dickcissel, 54, 77, 136, 160 Dickerson, Cynthia, 1 1, 97 Dickinson, Phil, 11, 12, 41, 66, 124, 126, 132 Dikun, Kerri, 19 Disher David, 12, 98 Susan, 12, 98 Dobson, David, 48 Dodge, Greg, 49 Dole, John, 103 Donaldson, Cynthia, 12, 98 Donnelley Wildlife Management Area, 153 D'Onofrio, Adam, 18, 63, 104, 125 Dorchester County, SC, 37 Dove Mourning, 24, 32, 1 10, 158 White-winged, 47, 71, 131,148,158 Dovekie, 69, 131 Dowitcher Long-billed, 45, 67 Short-billed, 23, 109, 157 Driscoll, Tom, 14, 15, 16, 99, 100, 102 Duck, NC, 127 Duck American Black, 21, 37, 61, 107 American Black x Mallard hybrid, 6 1 Long-tailed, 62 Mottled, 37, 153 Ring-necked, 21, 107, 153 Ruddy, 21, 107 Wood, 21, 31, 61, 107 DuMond, David, 19, 105 Dunlin, 23, 44, 109, 130 DuPon, Denise, 93 Durant Nature Park, 5 1 Durham, NC, 16,29,48,60, 61,62, 102, 133, 156 Durham County, NC, 127 Durovich, Colyer, 14 Durr, Judi, 13, 98 E Eagle Bald, 22,31,41, 108 Golden, 42, 65 Eastman, Caroline, 156 Ebenezer Point, 130 Ecker, Denise, 73, 74 Eckstine, Pat and Jack, 72 166 Index to Volume 75 — 2011 Edgecombe County, NC, 62, 68,69,133 Edisto Beach, SC, 46, 48, 51,53 Edneyville, NC, 156 Edwards Dean, 159 Jim, 136 Egret Cattle, 22,31,40, 64, 108 Great, 22,31,40, 108, 126 Reddish, 40, 64, 126, 156 Snowy, 22,31, 108, 126 Eider, Common, 38, 61, 124, 154 Eldrett, Jim, 13 Elizabethan Gardens, 50, 133, 134 Ellerbe Creek, 44, 45, 46, 52 Ellerman, Susan, 1 1, 97 Emerald Isle, NC, 74, 131, 155 Emmett, Robert, 10, 92 Enders Elisa, 42,49,53, 133 Frank, 61, 63 English Bill, 11,97 Megan, 19 Ennis, John, 40, 46, 48, 53, 64, 65, 132, 156 Ernst, Sarah, 1 3 1 Esposito, Nancy, 13 Estill, Lyle, 100 Eubank, Peggy, 40, 41, 43, 48,49,53,68,71, 130 Evans, Jackson, 9 Eyke, Mary Lou, 1 7 F Fagan, Jesse, 48 Falcon, Peregrine, 22, 32, 42, 66, 108 Falls Lake, 18,29,38,40- 46, 48, 50-54, 60-63, 65,66, 68,71,73,74, 77, 104, 129, 134, 135, 156 Fayetteville, NC, 49 Fenlon, Katie, 77 Fennell, Jack, 64, 66, 75, 76, 127, 133, 135, 136, 157, 159, 160 Fiala, Kent, 46 Finch House, 28, 34, 115 Purple, 28, 34, 55 Finlayson, Kate, 14, 15 Finnegan, John, 13, 38, 62 Fisk, Bill, 7,8, 10, 93,94 Flagg, Tom, 7, 92 Flanagan, Jeanette, 54 Flanders, Nick, 42 Flat Rock, NC, 47 Fleischman, David, 66 Fleming, Bryce and Lori, 1 8, 104 Fletcher, NC, 2 Flicker, Northern, 24, 32, 110 Flora, Stewart, 44 Florence, SC, 128 Flycatcher “Traill’s”, 32 Acadian, 25, 32, 111 Alder, 25,47, 111, 132, 158 Ash-throated, 48, 72 Fork-tailed, 132 Great Crested, 25, 32, 111 Least, 25, 111 Olive-sided, 47, 132 Scissor-tailed, 132, 158 Vermilion, 2 Willow, 25,32,47, 111, 132 Yellow-bellied, 32, 47 Folly Beach, SC, 47 Folly Island, SC, 42, 47, 48, 50,51,52,53 Folmer, Jacob, 17 Forsyth County, NC, 12, 29, 66, 98 Forsythe Dennis, 52, 59, 72, 74, 75, 128, 130, 131, 134, 135 Wayne, 1,37-39,42-51, 54, 59-62, 65, 67, 72, 77, 129, 135, 156, 159, See LeGrand, Harry, et al. Fort Fisher State Recreation Area, 1,2,38-40, 44, 46, 48,49,51,53,54, 69, 73,74, 120, 124, 125, 131, 132, 133, 161 NC, 37 Fort Macon State Park, 50, 53,62, 67, 124, 130 Foster Joe, 18 Mary, 127 Steve, 14, 16 Four Holes Swamp, 73, 74 Fowler Jan, 126 Jan and Phil, 11,97 Jill, 12 Phil, 126 Fox, Cynthia, 102, 126 Franklin, Peggy, 9, 94 Franklin County, NC, 136 Freedman, Sharon, 1 1 , 97 Freeman, Mark, 39 French Broad River, 54, 156 Frey, Eric, 125, 127, 129, 130 Frigatebird, Magnificent, 40, 155 Fuller, Wade, 19, 105, 127 Fulmar, Northern, 63 Fussell, John, 19, 36, 41, 42, 44, 46-48, 50, 53, 60, 62-64, 66-68,70,71, 75,76, 105, 124-126, 129, 132, 133, 135, 136, 154, 157, 158, 159, 160 G Gadwall, 3 1 Gaffney Lisa, 128 Tom, 98 Galizio, Mark, 132 Gallinule, Purple, 42, 128 Gallitano, Lena, 1 03 Galloway, Elizabeth, 7, 91 Galovic, Michael, 92 Gamache, Al, 19, 43, 68, 105, 125, 130 Ganis Bob, 99 Chris, 99 Gannet, Northern, 21, 107 Gantt Joseph, 42 Yusuf, 41 Garber, Chad, 19 Garganey, 3 Gamer, NC, 49 Garrett Buddy, 19,73, 105 Kim, 71 Gastonia, NC, 136, 158 Gatto, Nathan, 124, 128 The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 167 Gearhart, Brent, 12 Carol, 12 Gentry, Rob, 159 Georgetown County, SC, 65 Gerwin, John, 1 1 7 Giacci, Nancy, 76 Gidley Gardner, 12, 98 Margaret, 12, 98 Gifford Bill, 12,77,92,98 Lucy, 14, 98 Gillikin, Paula, 64, 154, 159 Girolami, Martha, 15, 100 Given, Aaron, 43, 46, 48, 59, 76, 157 Glass, Paul, 18, 104, 155 Glover, Lex, 67, 76, 135 Glover, Lex. See Slyce, Donna, et al. Gnatcatcher, Blue-gray, 26, 33,49, 73, 112 Godwit Hudsonian, 43, 129 Marbled, 44, 109, 130, 157 Goedsche, Charlotte, 9 Goergen, Barbara, 92 Goldeneye, Common, 62, 124 Golden-Plover, American, 42, 129 Goldfinch, American, 28, 34, 115 Goldsboro, NC, 39, 40, 42, 47, 136 Goodwin, Jill, 95 Goose Barnacle, 4, 37 Cackling, 61 Canada, 21,31, 107 Greater White-fronted, 59 Ross’s, 37, 60 Snow, 36, 60 Goose Creek Game Land, 66 Goose Creek State Park, 6 1 Gorzo, Jessica, 160 Goshawk, Northern, 65 Gould Barb, 19 Barbara, 105, 125 Matt, 61,64, 66, 75,76 Grackle Boat-tailed, 28, 114 Common, 28,34, 114 Grandfather Mountain, 95, 136 Grant Gil, 19, 20 Gilbert S., 40 Graves Maurice, 14, 99 Steven, 14, 99 Gray, Katie, 95 Great Balsam and Plott Balsam Mountains, 9 1 Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 1 19 Grebe Clark’s, 3 Eared, 39, 63 Homed, 39, 63, 107, 124 Pied-billed, 21, 107 Red-necked, 39, 63, 125 Western, 3, 63, 125 Green Swamp, 127, 135, 157 Greenberg, Susan, 14 Greene, Jack, 1 1 Greensboro, NC, 13,29, 37, 98, 126, 134, 156 Greenville NC, 73, 75 SC, 38, 60, 77, 129 Grego, John, 40, 43, 62, 65, 73,74, 77, 124, 128, 133, 136 Gregor, Sheila, 7, 92 Griffin, Daniel, 154 Griggs, Jerry, 7, 91 Grimmenga, Jeanne, 7, 91 Grizzard Jim, 98 Mary, 98 Grosbeak . Blue, 28, 34, 114 Rose-breasted, 28, 34, 54, 114 Ground-Dove, Common, 47, 131 Grouse, Ruffed, 21, 107 Grow, Bill, 1 0 Gudger, Charles and Lorene, 2 Guilford County, NC, 3, 4, 73, 133, 136 Gull “Nelson’s”, 69 Black-headed, 68, 130 Bonaparte’s, 23, 109, 130 California, 68, 147 Franklin’s, 46 Glaucous, 46, 69, 131 Great Black -backed, 23 Herring, 23, 109 Iceland, 68, 130 Laughing, 23, 68, 109, 130 Lesser Black-backed, 46, 69, 131, 157 Little, 68, 130 Ring-billed, 23, 109 Sabine’s, 130 Thayer’s, 68 H Haaland Larry, 14 Perry, 14, 99, 100 Hahn, Bobbie, 14 Haire, John, 12, 13,42,45, 49, 50, 52, 54, 65, 66, 68,73,98, 124, 130, 132, 134, 153, 156, 157 Halifax County, NC, 39, 42- 45,53 Hailing, Sven, 12 Hammocks Beach State Park, 125, 156, 157 Hammond Bill, 12,98 Elaine, 98 John, 12, 98 Susan, 12, 98 Hanahan, SC, 72 Hanging Rock State Park, 1 1 Harbison Charlotte, 15 Mary, 15 Susan, 15 Harden, Rachel, 99 Hardy, Diane, 103 Harkers Island, 126 Harnett County, NC, 2 Harrelson, Jamie, 9, 10, 92, 93,94 Harrier, Northern, 22, 41, 108, 127 Harris Lake, 61 Hart, Paul, 19, 105 Hartley, Scott, 13, 19, 131 Harvey Cathy Sue, 76 Simon, 51,53,54 Sue, 17, 103 Hatteras, NC, 1, 39, 63, 64, 68, 69, 70, 124, 125, 131, 154, 156, 157 Hatteras Inlet, 70, 124, 131, 156 168 Index to Volume 75 — 2011 Haubert, Tom, 12 Hauser, Griffin, 94 Haussler, Bob and Nancy, 97 Havelock, NC, 125, 159 Hawk Broad-winged, 22, 32, 41,65, 108, 127, 157 Cooper’s, 22,31,65, 108 Red-shouldered, 22, 32, 108 Red-tailed, 22, 32, 108 Rough-legged, 42, 65, 128 Sharp-shinned, 22, 3 1 , 108 Swainson’s, 41, 65, 128 Hayes Lisa, 13 Steve, 11 Haywood, Walton, 100 Haywood County NC, 77, 119, 132 Heintooga Spur Road, 8 Helms, Michael & Karen, 50 Henderson, NC, 136 Henderson County, NC, 1, 2, 8,29,37,38,42-45,54, 59-62, 65, 66, 93, 128, 129, 135, 156 Hendersonville, NC, 41, 47- 52, 54, 72, 134, 159 Hendrickson, Herb, 13, 98 Herman, Russell, 15 Heron “Great White”, 126 Great Blue, 21, 31, 108 Green, 22,31,64, 108 Little Blue, 31, 40, 156 Tricolored, 22, 108 Hersey, Steve, 130 Hewitt, Carol, 1 00 Hickory, NC, 39, 47, 50 Hiddenite, NC, 135 Hill, Chris, 62, 64, 68, 69, 73-76, 128 Hill, Chris. See Slyce, Donna, et al. Hillsborough, NC, 49 Hilton Head, SC, 136 Hilton Head Island, 51, 73, 130 Hines, Sonny, 40 Hines, J. B. See Slyce, Donna, et al. Hinrichs, Nancy, 14, 99 Hintz Carl, 99, 101 Loren, 14, 15,99, 101 Holden Beach, NC, 64 Holifield, Lee, 1 1 Hollingsworth, Ernie, 37 Holly Shelter Game Land, 67, 76 Holmes, Bob, 1, 63, 72 Holmes, Bob, First North Carolina Record of a Sharp-tailed Sandpiper (Calidris acuminata) 57- 58 Honick, Murray, 131 Hooper Lane, 42-45, 128, 129, 156 Hopkins Hop, 12 Marbry, 98 Horak, Mike, 44 Horry County, SC, 43, 67, 68, 69 Horton Carol, 12, 97 Stephanie, 13, 62 Hough George, 98 Liza, 98 Royce, 12, 42, 98 Howard, Tom, 13, 19, 99, 105 Howe, Gene, 39, 47, 132 Howes Bo, 14, 16, 99, 101, 155 Robert, 16 Hudson, Greg, 136 Hueholt, Daniel, 37,38,43, 44,48,49,51,54, 73- 76, 124, 125, 135, 159 Hugelmeyer, Kurt, 64 Hummingbird Anna’s, 72 Black-chinned, 7 1 Broad-billed, 148 Ruby-throated, 24, 32, 71, 110 Rufous, 32, 47, 72 Selasphorus, 132 Huntersville, NC, 128, 134 Huntington Beach State Park, 38, 39, 40, 43, 45- 47,50,51,53,64, 67, 70, 73, 128, 154, 156 Hutson, Teresa, 77 hybrid Mallard x American Black Duck, 6 1 Hyde County, NC, 2 Hyman, Jeremy, 134 I Ibis Glossy, 22, 65 White, 22,40, 108, 156 White-faced, 126 Iha, Nancy, 91 Illiff, Marshall, 124 Iredell County, NC, 1 1, 29, 97 Irmo, SC, 52 Isle of Palms, SC, 48 Ivanov, Lily, 17, 103 Iyoob, Ali, 36, 42, 44, 48, 50,51,53,61-64, 66, 69,71,72, 74, 128, 130, 131, 134, 135, 154, 156, 158, 159, 160, 161 J Jackson Alicia, 13, 99 Bill, 12, 98 Richard, 7, 91 Jackson Park, 41, 47-52, 54, 134 Jackson-Ricketts, Scott, 74 Jaeger Parasitic, 46, 69 Pomarine, 69 James Island, SC, 52 Jasper County, SC, 36, 39, 40, 43, 45-47, 49, 50, 51,53,54, 63,67, 73, 74, 130 Jay, Blue, 25, 32, 1 1 1 Johns, Mark, 17, 103 Johnson Jerry, 154 Jerry L., See Rhodes, Zora L., and — Tom, 154 Johnston, Doug, 3, 7, 8, 10, 47, 66, 130, 156 Jones Bruce and Melinda, 76 Charlie, 13 Linda, 13,99 Mark, 1,39,40, 44, 120 Stephanie, 136 Jordan Lake, 15,29,39, 62, 63,64, 65,73,75, 100, 124, 130, 133, 154 Joyce, Tom, 59 Judd, Mike, 91 Junco, Dark-eyed, 28, 33, 114, 135 The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 169 K Kalbach Paul, 127 Tim, 76 Kandt, Ray, 98 Kane Amelia, 98 Betsy, 17 Margaret, 98 Martin, 98 Kaplan, Dan, 16, 129 Kelly, Chris, 7, 94 Kempe, Louise, 7 Kent, Walt, 40 Kerns, Isaac, 134, 135 Kerr Lake, 18,29,42, 63, 104 Kerschner, Jerry, 37, 40, 46, 73, 156 Kessler, Dietrick, 99 Kestrel, American, 22, 32, 108 Kiawah Island, SC, 43,46, 48, 131, 157 Kill Devil Hills, NC, 3, 63, 68,76 Killdeer, 23, 32, 109 Kilpatrick, Steve, 65, 76 Kimler, Will, 17, 103 Kindred, Rebecca, 7 King Betty, 14,99, 101 Matthew, 13, 99 Kingbird Eastern, 25, 32, 48, 111, 132 Gray, 132 Western, 48 Kingfisher, Belted, 24, 32, 110 Kinglet Golden-crowned, 26, 33, 112 Ruby-crowned, 26, 33, 112 Kingsley, Gene, 101, 102 Kite Mississippi, 31,41, 108, 156 Swallow-tailed, 4 1 , 127, 156 White-tailed, 4 Kittelberger, Kyle, 52, 66, 71, 134 Kittiwake, Black -legged, 46, 68 Kitty Hawk, NC,61,64, 68, 71,74 Klock, Ruth, 91 Kneidel Alan, 12 Ken, 12,73,97 Knight, Richard L., Summer records and first breeding ofYellow- rurnped Warbler (Setophaga coronata ) in the mountains ofNorth Carolina and Tennessee, 117-119 Rick, 42,43, 158, 159, 160, 161 Knot, Red, 23, 109 Koehler, Paul, 123 Konrad, Aija & Ed, 157 Korenek, Martin, 19, 105 Kosiewski, Mark, 14, 43, 134 Kotowski, Joe, 7 Krakauer, Tom, 102 Kramer, Jane, 38, 132 Kraus, Jeannie, 66 Krucke, Kurt, 160 Kucharik, Laurie, 14, 15 Kucha vik, Laurie, 1 6 Kure Beach, NC, 40, 71 Kuss Eleanor, 7 Jim, 7 L Lake, Richard B Russell, 39 Lake Brandt, 3 Lake Conestee, 38, 60, 77, 129 Lake Crabtree, 39, 69, 124, 129, 130, 157 Lake Hartwell, 77 Lake Hickory, 39, 46, 62 Lake Julian, 39, 46 Lake Junaluska, 61, 123, 124, 129, 130 Lake Marion, 74 Lake Mattamuskeet, 2 Lake Murray, 38 Lake Norman, 60, 62, 63, 74, 125, 131 Lake Osceola, 54 Lake Phelps, 60, 61, 63, 71, 75 Lake Townsend, 3 Lake Waccamaw, 5 1 Lake Wheeler, 128, 132, 156, 157 Lanham, Drew, 77 Lankford Gail, 66 Gail and Herman, 7, 9, 10, 92, 94 Lark, Horned, 25, 49, 111, 133, 159 Latta Plantation Nature Preserve, 53, 63 Lau, Deynise, 7 Laurens County, SC, 76, 135 Lawrence, Craig, 98 Lea -Hutaff Island, 67, 76 Leggett, NC, 49 LeGrand Edmund, 73 Harry, 2, 49, 60-65, 68- 71, 120, 126, 127, 133-135, 155 Harry, et al., 2010 Annual Report of the North Carolina Bird Records Committee, 1-5 Leicester, NC, 3 Lemons, Jeff, 11, 12,49,50, 63,70,71,97, 126, 129, 130, 133, 134, 136, 154, 158 Lenat, David, 17, 43, 44 Lenoir, NC, 40 Lenoir County, NC, 64 Leppingwell, Rich, 93 Levine, Alex, 9 Lewis Bob, 73 Jane, 98 Jeff, 3, 4, 38-43, 47, 48, 50,51,53,54, 62- 66, 68,70,71,73- 75, 127, 128, 130, 132-134, 136, 155, 157, 158 Lexington County, SC, 38, 135 Lilly, Ritch, 38, 51,53,62, ' 70, 73 Lindfors, John, 47, 134 Link Elizabeth, 13, 98, 99 Henry, 13,98, 126, 134, 156, 159 Henry & Elizabeth, 48, 53,55 170 Index to Volume 75 — 2011 Linke, Jay, 99 Listokin, Ann, 12 Litchfield, June, 9 1 Litchfield Beach, SC, 64, 71 Little Adrienne, 17 John, 17 Little River, SC, 67 Livingston, Nora, 9 Lloyd, Nan, 73 Lobdell, Fred, 18, 104 LoCurto, John, 93 Logue, Terry, 74 Longspur Chestnut-collared, 133 Lapland, 50, 73 Lookout Shoals Lake, 133, 154, 157, 159, 160 Loon Arctic, 3, 39 Common, 21, 39, 107, 124, 154 Pacific, 3, 39, 63, 124 Red-throated, 39, 63 Ludwig, Marjorie, 13, 99 Luginbuhl Gerry, 17 Jim, 17 Lundstrom, Ken, 99 Lutfy, Bobby, 19, 105 Lynch, Merrill, 44, 159 Lyons, Marcia, 125 M MacDonald, Joan, 7 Mackay Island National Wildlife Refuge, 64, 66 Maggie Valley, NC, 61 Magnolia Plantation, 49 Malin, Matt, 129 Mallard, 21, 31, 107 x American Black Duck hybrid, 61 Mancuso, Beth, 101 Maness, T erri, 1 2 Manning, Phillip, 101 Manteo, NC, 39, 50, 54, 74, 132, 133, 134 Marcus, Jeff, 99 Markham, Kevin, 1 60 Marlin, Larry, 1 1 , 97 Marshall, NC, 124 Marti, Charles, 131 Martin Don, 157 Dwayne, 39, 40, 46, 47, 49-52, 62, 75, 153, 156, 160 Jim, 12 Martin Purple, 25,32, 111 Mason Farm, 14, 52, 134, 135 Massey, Greg, 1, 38-40, 42- 44, 47-49, 75,77, 124, 131, 161 Massey, Greg, and Harry E. LeGrand, Jr., First Photographic Record of Sharp-tailed Sandpiper ( Calidris acuminata ) for North Carolina 120-121 Mattamuskeet National Wildlife Refuge, 36, 40, 42, 53, 54, 62, 65, 67, 73-76, 126 Matte, Mark, 4 Mattocks, Clarence, 98 Mauzey, Carol, 18, 104 Maxwell, Bob and Judy, 160 McAlister John, 44 Worth, 44 McCachren, Florence, 99 McCarthy, Julien, 136 McCleary, Craig, 12, 96 McClelland, Marty, 15, 99, 101 McCloy David, 13,61,99 Michael, 13,39,61,62, 63,71 McCoy, Lynn, 13 McCrowell, Grace, 18, 104 McDermott, Carolyn, 13, 99 McDonald, Marilyn, 98 McGreal, Tim, 19, 105 McGregor, Ross, 53 Mcllwain, Betty, 65 McIntosh, Jim, 7 McKay, Tom, 12, 98 McLean, David, 76 McMurray, Steve, 101 McShane, Mark, 63 Meade, Melinda, 15, 101 Meadowlark, Eastern, 28, 34, 114 Mebane, NC, 2 Mecklenburg County, NC, 2-4, 11,29,38,49,51, 63,73, 125, 126, 128— 132, 134, 135, 156 Meehan James, 62, 67 Robert, 14, 16,44,45, 46,48,50, 52,64, 99, 102, 134 Meggett, SC, 75 Mercier, John, 1 1 Merganser Common, 62, 107, 149, 154 Hooded, 21, 107 Red-breasted, 21, 63, 107, 124, 154 Merlin, 22,32,42,65, 108, 128 Merrimon, NC, 136 Mesic, NC, 64 Metcalf, Kevin, 2, 38, 39, 51,53,60, 62, 65,71, 130, 134, 136 Meyer, Joe, 94 Mid Pines Road, 127, 135, 160 Mielke, Jeff, 105 Miles Lew, 14 Margaret, 14 Marge, 99 Miller Gary, 7 Gil, 132, 135 Mills Carolyn, 7, 91 Kyle, 101 Mickey, 101 Mills River, NC, 1, 59, 60, 66 Mitchell, Reece, 47 Mize, Bobby and Elizabeth, 13 Mockingbird, Northern, 26, 33, 112 Monroe, NC,71 Moore Bill, 91 Linda, 12 Neal, 130 Pat, 74 Pat and Neal, 68, 128 Moore County, NC, 155 Moorhen, Common, 42, 66 Moran, Robin, 1 5 Morehead City, NC, 42, 47, 63-65,71, 154, 158 Morganton, NC, 40 Morris Gregg, 13, 98 The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 171 Ron, 11, 12,48,96,98 Morrisville, NC, 39 Moseley, Lynn, 98 Mount Mitchell, 51, 132, 135, 159, 161 Mount Pisgah, 4 1 Moyers, Greg, 157 Mt. Pleasant, SC, 41, 51, 71, 76 Mueller, Helmut, 129 Mulholland, Jim, 17, 103, 127 Murdick, Jean, 13, 98 Murdock David, 14, 99 Nora, 8, 10, 92, 94 Murphy, Brian, 46, 50 Murray, Judy, 14, 15, 16 Murre Common, 70 Thick-billed, 70 Murrelet, Long-billed, 131 Murrell's Inlet, SC, 62, 64 Myers, Larry, 155 Myrtle Beach, SC, 54, 68, 76 N Nadel, Gayle, 98 Nags Head, NC, 39, 47, 70, 71,74, 154, 157, 158, 160 Nash County, NC, 157, 160 Neal Barbara and James, 93 James, 8, 9, 93 Nediwek, Michael, 17 Nees, Monica, 17, 103 Neuse River, 125 New Bern, NC, 53,68,72, 76, 125 New Hanover County, NC, 1,2,120 Newsome, Ann, 12 Nieuwland, Rienk, 14 Nighthawk, Common, 24, 32, 110 Night-Heron Black-crowned, 22, 40, 126 Yellow-crowned, 22, 108, 126, 156 Nolte, Ann, 128 North Pond, 43,50, 157 North River, 66 North River Farms, 66, 75, 76, 131, 133, 135, 136, 159, 160 Northampton County, NC, 133 Nuthatch Brown-headed, 26, 33, 112 Red-breasted, 25, 49, 73, 112, 133 White-breasted, 25, 33, 112 O O’Shea, Brian, 158, 160 Oak Island, NC, 40, 49 Ocean Isle Beach, NC, 2, 50, 130 Oconee County, SC, 136 Ocracoke, NC, 62, 64, 68, 71,73, 125, 129, 154 O'Donnell Jim, 19, 105 Laura, 19 Ogasawara, Frances, 8 Ogden, Lynn, 14, 99 Okatie, SC, 72, 73, 74, 148 Oldham, Lane, 98 Oliver, Jane, 14, 99 Olthoff, Bob, 7, 8,61,92, 130, 132 Onslow County, NC, 19, 29, 73, 105, 125, 127, 135 Orange County, NC, 73, 133, 157, 159 Orangeburg, SC, 40, 43, 49 Oregon Inlet, 37, 38, 43, 46, 47,49, 50,55,60, 62, 64, 130, 154, 155 Oriole Baltimore, 28, 77, 1 14 Orchard, 28, 114, 136 Osprey, 22,31,41, 108 Otterness, Naomi, 9 Outer Banks, 48, 68, 71,74, 127, 158 Ovenbird, 27,33,74, 112 Owenby, Lori, 42 Owens Candace, 99 Ed, 103 Eddie, 39, 47, 50,51, 131, 133, 134 Janie, 7, 8, 9,91,93,94 Owl Bam, 47 Barred, 24, 32, 110 Great Horned, 24, 32, 110 Long-eared, 71, 131 Northern Saw-whet, 24, 47,71, 110 Short-eared, 47, 71 Oystercatcher, American, 23, 109 P Page, Paula, 132 Pahl, Carol, 125 Palmer, Jill, 97 Pamlico County, NC, 73 Pamlico Sound, NC, 62, 64, 68 Panned, Monroe, 40, 67, 133, 154, 157, 159, 160 Pantelidis, Veronica, 73, 75 Parakeet Black-hooded. See Nanday Parakeet Nanday, 158 Pardue Esther and Len, 7 Len, 156 Len and Esther, 9 Parker, Inge, 72 Parmore, Dick, 105 Parnell, Jim, 120, 131 Parula, Northern, 26, 33, 74, 113 Patteson, Brian, 39, 63, 64, 68-70,73, 124, 125, 127, 131, 154, 156, 157 Paul, Deane, 99 Pawley’s Island, SC, 37 Pawleys Island, SC, 72, 74, 75,76 Payne, Rick, 15, 101 Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge, 4,37,38,40, 42, 43,47-51,53-55,61, 66, 67, 69, 70, 75, 76, 126, 127, 130, 157, 158 Peachey Ed, 8 Jack, 43,47, 64, 67, 156 Peay, Bill, 47 Pederson Carolina and Harry, 99 Caroline, 14 Harry, 14 Pee Dee National Wildlife Refuge, 40,41, 131 Pelican American White, 40, 64, 126 Brown, 21, 107, 156 172 Index to Volume 75 — 2011 Pender County, NC, 124, 154 Pendleton, SC, 159 Peres, Carlos, 157 Perkins, Katheryn, 154 Perry, Sue, 92, 93 Petranka, James, 50 Petrel Fea’s, 125, 154 Herald (Trindade), 154 Pettigrew State Park, 71, 75 Pfeiffer, Bryan, 126, 127, 131 Phail, Laura, 1 1, 12 Phalarope Red, 68 Red-necked, 46, 157 Wilson’s, 2,45, 130 Pheasant, Ring-necked, 39, 124 Phillips, Gary, 54, 77 Phoebe Eastern, 25, 32, 111 Say’s, 2,47, 72 Pickens County, SC, 160 Piedmont, SC, 132, 158 Piephoff, Taylor, 12, 50, 60, 62,64, 74, 97, 130, 133 Pieroni, Dan, 13, 99 Pigeon, Rock, 24, 32, 1 10 Pilot Mountain, 41 Pintail Northern, 38, 124 White-cheeked, 4, 38 Pipit, American, 112 Pippen Jeff, 65 Jeffrey S.. See LeGrand, Harry, et al. Pitts, Irvin, 38, 52, 135 Pittsboro, NC, 50 Pivers Island, 159 Plover Black-bellied, 22, 108 Piping, 23,67, 109, 157 Semipalmated, 23, 43, 109, 129 Snowy, 22, 43 Wilson’s, 23,67, 109, 157 Plymouth, NC, 43 Pocosin Lakes NWR, 60, 61 , 76 Poe, Shawn, 136 Poling, James, 66 Polk County, NC, 134, 149, 154 Pope, Jesse, 95, 96, 136 Post, Will. See Slyce, Donna, et al. Powell Carolyn, 7 Holly, 136 Kevin, 14 Powers, Paul, 12, 98 Pratt, Doug, 133 Puffin, Atlantic, 70 Pusser, Todd, 13 Pyeritz, Rick, 66 R Rachel Carson Reserve, 36, 50 Rachlin, Rob, 134 Rail Black, 42, 66 Clapper, 22, 108, 128 King, 22,42, 66, 108, 157 Virginia, 42 Yellow, 66 Raleigh, NC, 47,49,51,52, 76, 124, 126-129, 132, 135, 138, 154, 160, 161 Ramsey, Lloyd, 12 Range, Peter, 126 Ratchford, Doris, 75 Raven, Common, 25, 32, 49, 73, 111, 133, 159 Raven Rock State Park, 19, 29, 105 Razorbill, 70 Ready, Isabell, 1 6 Reddy, Bill, 16 Redhead, 38 Redman, Joan, 14 Redmann, Joan, 99 Redpoll, Common, 77, 136 Redstart, American, 27, 33, 51, 113 Reese Karin, 19, 105 Kevin, 19, 105 Mitch, 19, 105 Reid, Catherine, 7 Reiskind, Jeremy, 12, 96, 98 Rexrode, Toni, 14 Reynolda Gardens, 52, 54, 132, 134 Reynolds, Kitti, 9, 94 Rhodes Zora, 154 Zora L., and Jerry L. Johnson, Second Nesting Record of Common Merganser in North Carolina, 149-52 Richard, Carroll, 156 Richland County, SC, 65 Ridgeway, SC, 147 Riegelwood, NC, 156 Ritt, Steve, 9, 42, 64, 65, 67 Riverbend Park, 40, 49, 51, 52, 153, 160 Roan Mountain, 42, 117, 158-161 Roanoke Island, 39, 41, 42, 48,50,51,54, 74, 157 Roanoke Rapids Lake, 38, 39,50,61,63 Roanoke River, 126, 134 Robbins, Charles, 1 54 Robbinsville, NC, 127 Robertson, Deborah, 18, 104 Robeson County, NC, 155 Robin, American, 26, 33, 112 Rocky Mount, NC, 40, 49, 61,73,75,76, 136 Rodanthe, NC, 48, 53,55 Roe, Russell, 94 Romanow, Louise, 103 Ronan, Noelle, 129 Roper, NC, 41, 42, 61 Rosche, Richard & Dorothy, 67, 68, 74-76 Rose, Larry, 19, 105 Ross, Jay, 130 Roth, Barbara, 14 Rothfels, Carl, 16 Rougemont, NC, 128 Rouse, Jon, 45 Roxboro, NC, 47 Royster, Danny, 98, 134 Ruezynski, Stephen, 102 Runyan, Annie, 103 Rutkin, Shelley, 12 S Salem Lake, 124, 130, 153, 156, 157 Salter Path, NC, 157 Salvo, NC, 155 Sampson County, NC, 71 Sanchez, Carlos, 6 1 Sanderling, 23, 44, 109 Sanders Felicia J., 81 Tammy, 126 Tom, 63, 73, 126, 130, 134, 159 The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 173 Tom and Tammy, 12 Sandpiper Baird’s, 44 Buff-breasted, 45 Least, 23,32,44, 109 Pectoral, 23, 32, 44, 109 Purple, 67, 130 Semipalmated, 23, 109 Sharp-tailed, 1,5, 44, 57-58, 120-121 Solitary, 23, 32, 109 Spotted, 23,32,67, 109, 157 Stilt, 44 Upland, 43, 129 Western, 23, 109 White-rumped, 23, 44, 109, 130, 157 Sandy Mush Gamelands, 66 Santee Coastal Reserve, 65 Santee National Wildlife Refuge, 59, 66, 72, 74- 77 Santee State Park, 74 Sapsucker, Yellow-bellied, 24, 110 Sato, Harriet, 99, 101 Sauerteig, Mary, 7 Savage, Patricia, 1 03 Savannah National Wildlife Refuge, 126 Savannah River Site, 61, 76 Savannah Spoil Site, 36, 39, 40,43,45-47,49-51, 54, 63,67,73,74, 130 Scalise, Bev, 14, 99 Scaup Greater, 38, 61 Lesser, 107, 154 Scavetto, John, 47, 97, 132, 135, 136 Scharf Paul, 18, 104 Peter, 18 Schepker, Gene, 12, 98 Schillaci, Jessie, 99 Schmid, Liz, 1 1, 96 Schneider Bev, 130 Lois, 12, 98 Schnexeider, Lauren, 97 Schoen, Chad, 99 Schultz John, 74 Lois, 15, 101, 102 Mike, 14, 15, 16, 101, 102, 133 Scoter Black, 39, 62 Surf, 39, 62, 124, 154 White-winged, 39, 62, 124 Scotland County, NC, 132, 135 Screech-Owl, Eastern, 24, 32, 110 Sedgwick, Carolyn, 136 Sell, Harry, 1,39,40,42,44, 46, 120, 131 Selvey, Ron, 38, 47-52, 54, 59, 60, 77, 135 Semanchuk, Steve, 9, 66, 92, 94 Seriff, Don, 133 Serridge, Paul, 38, 40, 43, 45,46,51,53,60, 64, 67,71,77, 129, 154 Shackleford Banks, 41, 44, 46 Shadwick, Doug, 14, 73, 75, 99, 101, 102 Shaffer, Steve, 19,43, 105 Sharpton, Ray, 7, 92 Shearwater Great, 64 Manx, 64 Sooty, 64 Shehane, Becky, 37 Sherrill, Brandon, 128 Shields, Mark, 19, 105 Shoffner Harry, 13 Harry and Sandra, 13, 18, 104 Shortt, Mickey, 95 Shoveler, Northern, 21, 38, 107, 124 Shrike, Loggerhead, 25, 32, 48, 73, 111, 159 Shuford, David, 12, 98 Shultz, Steve, 41, 128, 156, 157 Siebenheller Norma, 7, 91, 156 Norma and Bill, 7, 91 Sills, Wallace, 98 Silman, Miles, 98 Simpson Marcus, 7-10,51,66, 93,94, 98, 132, 160, 161 Marcus B., Jr., and Marilyn J. Westphal, Hermit Thrush ( Catharus guttatus) Nesting in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina, 1 37— 146 Siskin, Pine, 28, 55, 115, 136, 161 Skiles, Liz, 9 Skimmer, Black, 24, 81-87, 110 Skrabec, Lou, 13, 98 Skua Great, 69 South Polar, 157 Skyland, NC, 39, 46 Sloan Allison, 98 Chris, 70 Slyce, Donna, 20 1 0 Annual Report of the South Carolina Bird Records Committee, 147-48 Smalling, Curtis, 54 Smart Jeri, 17, 18, 104 Sharon & Rob, 37 Smith Clyde, 17, 18, 103, 104 David, 16 Judy, 16 Roger, 136 Smithson, Bruce, 2, 19, 37, 40, 43,46,48,53,62, 105, 161 Smolen-Morton, Shawn, 128 Sneads Ferry, NC, 73 Sneed, Cherrie, 75, 136, 156, 157, 158 Snider, Matt, 1 6 Snipe, Wilson’s, 23, 32, 68, 109 Snipes, Katie C., and Felicia J. Sanders, Recoveries of Black Skimmers ( Rynchops niger ) Banded in South Carolina 81-87 Snook, Chris, 48, 67 Socolar, Jacob, 44, 62, 66, 67, 69, 157-161 Somers, Bing, 136 Somershoe, Scott, 159 Sora, 66, 128 Sorenson, Clyde, 49, 60 Sorrie, Bruce, 13, 99 South Pond, 37, 50 Southern Joshua, 18, 51, 104 174 Index to Volume 75 — 2011 Sterling, 39, 104 Southern Pines, NC, 13, 29, 74, 99 Southern Shores, NC, 136 Southport, NC, 39, 69,71, 74, 75,77 Spancake, Darryl, 99 Sparrow “Ipswich”, 75 American Tree, 75 Bachman’s, 27, 75, 114, 135, 160 Cassin’s, 135 Chipping, 27, 33, 114, 160 Clay-colored, 53, 75, 135 Field, 27,33, 114 Fox, 114 Grasshopper, 27, 53, 75, 114, 135 Harris’s, 3, 76, 135 Henslow’s, 53, 76, 135 House, 28, 34, 115 Lark, 53, 75, 114, 135 Le Conte’s, 76 Lincoln’s, 53, 76 Saltmarsh, 27, 114, 135 Savannah, 27, 114, 135 Seaside, 27, 114 Song, 27,33, 114 Swamp, 28, 33, 114, 160 Vesper, 53,75, 114, 135, 160 White-crowned, 28, 54, 76, 114, 135 White-throated, 28, 114, 160 Spartanburg, SC, 40 Spartanburg County, SC, 31, 41 Spence, Lauren, 98 Spoonbill, Roseate, 40, 127, 156 Sprehe, Dean and Vivian, 12, 97 Stacey Lois, 123 Lois, 2010 Fall Bird Counts in South Carolina, 31-35 Stahle, David, 154 Stangel, Peter, 61 Stanley, Jennifer, 9 Stapleton, Deck, 16, 18, 102, 104 Starke, Lesley, 16 Starling, European, 26, 33, 112 Steed, Aaron, 9, 10, 61, 74 Stilt, Black-necked, 43, 67, 109, 129, 157 Stokes County, NC, 77 Stork, Wood, 31, 39, 64, 125, 154 Storm-Petrel Black -bellied, 1, 39 European, 125 Strickland, Jim, 98 Strine, Lowell and Susan, 13,99 Strong, Brian, 15, 18, 104 Stuart, Will, 40, 97 Sugg, Bill, 12 Sullivans Island SC, 39, 67 Sunset Beach, NC, 39, 40, 42, 64, 130 Super, Paul, 123, 124, 156 Surf City, NC, 130, 155 Sutherland, Kate, 63, 70 Swain County, NC, 134, 159 Swallow Bank, 25, 111 Bam, 25,32,49, 111 Bill, 103 Cave, 49 Cliff, 25, 111, 159 Northern Rough- winged, 25,32,73, 111 Tree, 25,32, 49, 111, 133 Swan, Mute, 21, 37, 107 Swan Quarter, NC, 68 Swanson, Mark, 75 Swick, Nathan, 44, 124, 135, 154, 156 Swift, Chimney, 24, 32, 110 Sykes, Paul, 67, 75, 76 T Talbert, Emily, 13, 98 Talkington, Chris, 97 Tanager Scarlet, 28, 34, 54, 114 Summer, 3, 28, 33, 76, 114 Western, 54, 76 Tangle wood Park, 42 Tarr, Nathan, 17 Tatum, Edith, 16, 102 Teal Blue-winged, 21, 107 Cinnamon x Blue- winged, 123 Green- winged, 2 1 Tem Arctic, 147 Caspian, 23, 110 Common, 24, 46, 110 Forster’s, 24, 46, 110 Least, 23, 110, 157 Roseate, 131, 157 Royal, 24, 110 Sandwich, 24, 110 Sooty, 46 Theye, Shelley, 14, 99 Thielen, John, 13 Thomas Bill, 91 Erik, 17, 19, 103, 105 Shirl, 7 Stephen, 43,47,53 Thompson Chuck, 12, 98 Cindy, 12, 98 Cindy and Chuck, 96 Simon, 1,8,9,41,93, 127, 134 Thorington Catherine, 96 Katherine, 12, 98 Thornton, Andrew, 130 Thrasher, Brown, 26, 33, 112, 159 Threatte, Charlie and Linda, 7,91 Thrush Gray-cheeked, 33, 50, 112 Hermit, 26, 112, 137, 159 Swainson’s, 26, 33, 112, 159 Varied, 2, 5 Wood, 26,33,90, 112 Thumer, Noel, 7 Tice, Patty, 18, 104 Timmons, Pam, 99, 101 Tingle, Kelly, 19, 105 Titmouse, Tufted, 25, 33, 112 Topsail Beach, NC, 73, 131 Topsail Island, 47 Tove, Michael H.. See LeGrand, Harry, et al. Mike, 49, 63 Towhee, Eastern, 27, 33, 113 The Chat, Vol. 75, No. 4, Fall 2011 175 Townville, SC, 53,54, 129, 136, 160 Tracy, Steve, 12, 49, 97, 136 Transylvania County, NC, 7, 91 Trask, David, 98 Travis, Ginger, 14, 99, 101 Tribble, Tom, 7, 9, 10, 94 Tropicbird Red-billed, 125, 154 White-tailed, 125, 154 Trott, Tim, 19, 105, 125 Tryon, NC, 134, 149 Tuffin, Amalie, 14, 16, 99, 102 Turkey, Wild, 21, 31, 107, 124 Turner Mike, 124, 129, 130, 157 Phil, 46 Turnstone, Ruddy, 23, 44, 109 Twin Lakes, 39, 40, 42 Tyler, Emily, 13, 98 Tyndall, Russell. See LeGrand, Harry, et al. Tysinger, Charles, 13 U Umstead State Park, 124 Underwood Garnet, 1 1 , 97 Marie, 1 1 Ron, 11,97, 135 Union County, NC, 41 Updike, Connie, 91 Upshaw, Andy, 15, 101 V Van Ness David, 15, 101 Millicent, 15, 101 Vande Kopple, Jonathan & Tiffany, 126 Vankevich, Peter, 71, 73 Veery, 26, 33, 112 Vernon James Research Center, 4 1 Vireo Bell’s, 2, 48 Blue-headed, 25, 32, 73, 111 Philadelphia, 32, 48, 111 Red-eyed, 25, 32, 1 1 1 Warbling, 25,48, 111, 133, 159 White-eyed, 25, 32, 48, 73, 111 Yellow-throated, 25, 32, 48, 111 Vitak, Jake, 105 Voigt, John, 2, 46, 47, 64, 68,74, 75, 126, 129, 133, 135, 157 Voss, Chris, 46 Vukovich, Mark, 76 Vulture Black, 22,31,65, 108, 127 Turkey, 22,31, 108 W Wagner, Steve. See Slyce, Donna, et al. Wake County, NC, 16, 29, 103, 128-130, 156, 157 Walecka Jerrold, 14 Jerrold and Joan, 99 Joan, 14 Walk, Rosalyn, 13 Walker, Judy, 12, 97 Waller, Mary, 17, 103 Walter s-Fromson, Ann, 13, 98 Wanchese, NC, 37, 53 Warbler Bay-breasted, 33,51, 113 Black-and-white, 27, 33, 51,74, 113 Blackburnian, 27, 33, 113 Blackpoll, 27, 113, 160 Black-throated Blue, 26, 113 Black -throated Green, 27,33, 113 Blue-winged, 26, 33, 134 Canada, 27,33,52, 113 Cape May, 26,51,74, 113, 134 Cerulean, 27,51, 113, 134 Chestnut-sided, 26, 33, 51, 113 Connecticut, 52, 134 Golden-winged, 33, 50, 134 Hooded, 27, 33, 113 Kentucky, 27, 33, 51, 113 Kirtland’s, 2, 4, 51 MacGillivray’s, 3, 5 Magnolia, 26, 33, 113, 160 Mourning, 52, 134 Nashville, 26, 33, 50, 113 Orange-crowned, 33, 74, 134 Palm, 27,33,51, 113 Pine, 27, 33, 113 Prairie, 27,33,51,74, 113 Prothonotary, 27, 33, 113 Swainson’s, 27,51, 113 Tennessee, 33, 50 Wilson’s, 52, 113 Worm-eating, 27, 33, 51, 112 Yellow, 26,33, 113 Yellow-rumped, 26, 33, 51, 113, 117-119, 135, 160 Yellow-throated, 27, 33, 74, 113, 135 Ward, Terry, 44 Warren, Phillip, 15,39, 99, 101, 154 Warren County, NC, 133 Washington, NC, 48, 75 Washington County, NC, 75 Watauga County, NC, 54, 66, 159 Waterthrush Louisiana, 27, 33, 112, 134 Northern, 27, 33, 51, 74, 113 Watschke, Leslie, 13 Waxwing, Cedar, 26, 33, 50, 112, 133, 160 Webb, Andy, 19, 20, 73, 105, 106, 135 Weber, Lou, 7, 9, 92, 94 Wedge, Steve, 2 Weeks, Kendrick, 7 Westminster, SC, 47, 50 Westphal Marilyn, 7-10, 51, 66, 77, 88, 92-95, 98, 132, 136, 159, 161 Marilyn J., 137 Marilyn, 20 1 0 Spring Migration Counts in North Carolina, 6-30 176 Index to Volume 75 — 2011 Marilyn, 2011 Spring Migration Counts in North Carolina, 8 8- 116 Marilyn J., See Simpson, Marcus B. and — Wheaton, George, 98 Whimbrel, 23,43, 109, 129 Whip-poor-will, Eastern, 24, 32.71, 110 Whistling-Duck, Black- bellied, 36, 123, 153 White, Elizabeth, 105 Whitlock, Audrey, 38, 40, 41.43.47.53.54.71, 75, 154, 155, 157, 160 Whitmire, Melissa, 13, 98, 134 Whitsett Harriett, 12, 97 Wigeon American, 21, 107 Eurasian, 37, 61 Wiley, Haven, 37, 39, 43, 49, 68, 74, 124 Wilkins, Ken, 43 Willet, 23, 109, 129 Williams Amber, 19, 74, 105 Sandra, 105 Tim, 52 Williamson Amy, 1,38,44, 76, 105, 120 Carol, 15, 101 Willis, Cassie, 13,99 Wilmington, NC, 37, 38, 43, 48,51,67, 70, 73-76, 125, 160 Wilson Ann, 19 Johnny, 16 Lori Sheridan, 127 Rouse, 15, 50, 101 Troy, 7, 94 Wings Over Water, 37, 46, 47,49,50, 53,55 Winslow Sod Farm, 43, 45 Winstead, Bob, 99 Winston-Salem, NC, 42, 48- 50,52,54, 66, 74, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, 153, 156, 157 Winton, Scott, 46, 62, 66, 67, 102, 133, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161 Winyah Bay, 67 Wood, Andy, 67, 76 Woodcock, American, 23, 109 Woodpecker Downy, 24, 32, 110 Hairy, 24, 32, 110 Pileated, 24, 32,111 Red-bellied, 24,32, 110 Red-cockaded, 24, 32, 110 Red-headed, 24,32, 110 Wood-Pewee, Eastern, 24, 32, 111 Woodruff, Sam, 7 Wren Carolina, 26,33, 112 House, 26,33, 112 Marsh, 26, 112 Sedge, 49,73, 112 Winter, 26, 112 Wright David, 60, 131 David and Marcia, 12, 97, 125 John, 37 Paula, 37 Ron, 156 Wrightsville Beach, NC, 40, 62,63,64, 155 Wulkowicz Connie and Stan, 7, 61, 129, 130 Stan, 92 Y Yadkin County, NC, 66, 73 Yancey County, NC, 137 Yates Mill Pond, 154 Yellowlegs Greater, 23, 109 Lesser, 23,32, 109 Yellowthroat, Common, 27, 33, 113 Young Bruce, 133 Ruth, 94 Z Ziegler, Camille, 7 Zippier, Calvin, 75 Zivicki Elizabeth, 19 Kelly, 19, 105 Sandra, 19 CAROLINA BIRD CLUB www.carolinabirdclub.org The Carolina Bird Club is a non-profit organization which represents and supports the birding community in the Carolinas through its official website, publications, meetings, workshops, trips, and partnerships, whose mission is • To promote the observation, enjoyment, and study of birds. • To provide opportunities for birders to become acquainted, and to share information and experience. • To maintain well-documented records of birds in the Carolinas. • To support the protection and conservation of birds and their habitats and foster an appreciation and respect of natural resources. • To promote educational opportunities in bird and nature study. • To support research on birds of the Carolinas and their habitats. Membership is open to all persons interested in the conservation, natural history, and study of wildlife with particular emphasis on birds. Dues, contributions, and bequests to the Club may be deductible from state and federal income and estate taxes. Make checks payable to Carolina Bird Club, Inc. Send checks or correspondence regarding membership or change of address to the Headquarters Secretary. Dues include $6 for a subscription to the CBC Newsletter and $7 for a subscription to The Chat. Associate members do not receive a separate subscription to publications. ANNUAL DUES Individual or non-profit $25.00 Associate (in same household as individual member) $5.00 Student $15.00 Sustaining and businesses $30.00 Patron $50.00 Life Membership (payable in four consecutive $100 installments) $400.00 Associate Life Membership (in same household as life member) $100.00 ELECTED OFFICERS President Marion Clark, Lexington, SC mclark66@sc.rr.com NC Vice-Presidents Dwayne Martin, Hickory, NC redxbill@gmail.com Mark Buckler, Corolla, NC mbuckler@audubon.org SC Vice-President Paul Serridge, Greenville, SC paulserridge@gmail.com Secretary Phil Fowler, Concord, NC janmfowler@gmail.com Treasurer Judi Durr, Kernersville, NC judibird904@yahoo.com NC Members-at-Large David McCloy, Pinehurst, NC dmccloy@mindspring.com John Voigt, Emerald Isle, NC jvoigt@coastalnet.com Ron Clark, Kings Mountain, NC waxwing@bellsouth.net SC Members-at-Large Don Faulkner, Easley, SC donrfaulkner@aol.com Irvin Pitts, Lexington, SC pittsjam@windstream.net EX-OFFICIO EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEMBERS Chat Editor Kent Fiala, Hillsborough, NC chat@carolinabirdclub.org Newsletter Editor Steve Shultz, Apex, NC newsletter@carolinabirdclub.org Web site Editor Kent Fiala, Hillsborough, NC webeditor@carolinabirdclub.org Immediate Past President Taylor Piephoff, Charlotte, NC PiephoffT@aol.com HEADQUARTERS SECRETARY Katherine Higgins CBC, 1809 Lakepark Drive, Raleigh NC 27612 hq@carolinabirdclub.org X3 C ■q ro (/) i co Jj 2J© o gJco _ 05 . 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