PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE FROM ROOM 503 BIRD DEPT. Mus. COMP. ZOOl. Room Ses CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD VOLUME VI MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY HARVARD UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS 02138 CHECK.-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD VOLUME VI BY JAMES LEE PETERS CURATOR OF BIRDS, MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY AT HARVARD COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1948 Reprinted by Museum of Comparative Zoology “ 1964 COPYRIGHT, 1948 BY THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE A Reprinted 1964 INTRODUCTION As sTaTED in the introduction to Volume V, no major changes have been adopted in the general scope of this series. In July 1944, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature republished Opinion 1 with editorial notes by Francis Hemming, Secretary to the Commission. This Opinion originally defined the word “indication” in Article 25. In his editorial notes Mr. Hemming pointed out that in cases where a generic name is proposed without diagnosis or designation of type, it is valid only if (a) it contains but a single species, in which case that species is the type by mono- typy, or (b) if among its contained species is one so named that the principles of tautonymy may be invoked to deter- mine the type. If, however, the new genus contains two or more species without diagnosis or designated type, and its type cannot be determined by tautonymy, then such a name is to be regarded as a nomen nudum and any subsequent author would be free to republish the name in question. If this undoubtedly correct interpretation is accepted it will be necessary to change hundreds of generic names in all branches of zoology. For reasons stated beyond, it has not been adopted in this volume. It directly affects certain names in the following manner: in the present volume are a number of generic names commonly credited to Bonaparte, most of which were published in 1854 in the Ateneo Italiano, a rare publication which apparently is lacking in American libra- ries. Bonaparte’s paper, however, is better known from a separately paged reprint entitled “Conspectus Volucrum Zygodactylorum.” A glance at the “Conspectus” shows that many of the generic names there proposed by Bonaparte will not meet the requirements of Article 25, as defined in Opin- ion 1, although this fact was entirely overlooked until Mr. ieee s notes appeared. Many of these names have been in continuous use for over ninety years and had been listed as valid in all standard “nomenclators.” vi INTRODUCTION After much deliberation, and on the advice of Mr. Hem- ming, it has seemed the wisest course not to change over in the middle of a series from the former (incorrect) interpreta- tion of Article 25, to the present (correct) interpretation, especially so since a strongly backed petition has been sub- mitted to the Commission praying that the International Zoological Congress be invited to amend Article 25 to restore officially the meaning commonly attributed to it. The ques- tion is at the moment sub judice. Should the International Zoological Congress ultimately decide to uphold the present interpretation, subsequent volumes of this Check-List will conform to the established usage, and I shall endeavor to publish elsewhere the changes in generic names which would then be necessary. The woodpeckers have not been monographed since Har- gitt did so for the eighteenth volume of the Catalogue of Birds in the British Museum, which was published in 1890; his arrangement was that followed by Sharpe in Volume II of his ““Hand-list,” appearing in 1900. Hargitt’s classifica- tion is not in accord with modern concepts of the relation- ships within the Picidae, consequently a more up-to-date se- quence of subfamilies and genera has been attempted here. The true woodpeckers (subfamily Picinae) may be divided into two major groups on the basis of external foot structure; in one group the outer hind toe is not longer than the outer front toe, as opposed to another group in which the outer hind toe is definitely longer than the outer front toe. The latter condition is correlated with a bill having a wide “nasal shelf,” and nostril situated at least midway between the cul- men and the edge of the upper mandible, often nearer the edge of the mandible. The group in which the outer hind toe is not longer than the outer front toe has a narrower nasal shelf and the nostril is situated nearer the culmen. Dr. Burt has shown that as far as North American genera are con- cerned, these same external characters are correlated with certain anatomical features and should the same prove to be true of the remaining genera of woodpeckers, the Picinae could well be divided into two subfamilies. In this volume the group with the shorter hind toe and bill with narrow nasal shelf consists of the genera Geocolaptes to Leuconerpes inclu- INTRODUCTION Vii sive and the group with the longer hind toe and wider nasal shelf commences with Sphyrapicus and includes the balance of the genera. The manuscript was completed and submitted for publi- cation about the first of October 1947 and was revised to in- clude new forms described up to 31 December 1946; a few forms appearing after 1 January 1947 were also included, but no real effort was made to search the literature appearing after the latter date. For assistance in insuring the publication of this volume it is a pleasure to acknowledge needed aid from Mr. Board- man Conover, Mr. Jean Delacour, Mr. Rodolphe M. de Schauensee, Mr. James C. Greenway, Jr., Mr. Robert T. Moore, Mrs. Walter W. Naumburg, Dr. Max M. Peet, Mr. William H. Phelps, Dr. S. Dillon Ripley II, and Mrs. Carll Tucker. For reading the typescript, either in whole or in part and for making valuable suggestions and corrections and for veri- fying references I again have to thank Dr. James P. Chapin, Mr. Herbert G. Deignan, Dr. Herbert Friedmann, Mr. Rodolphe M. deSchauensee, Dr. Ernst Mayr, Dr. Alexander Wetmore, and Dr. John T. Zimmer; my colleague, Mr. James C. Greenway, Jr., was always ready to discuss difficult cases as they arose. Necessary comparative material has been loaned by the American Museum of Natural History, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Carnegie Museum, Chicago Natu- ral History Museum, and the United States National Mu- seum; my thanks are extended to the authorities of these institutions. Mrs. R. Earl Bowen of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, who has figured prominently in typing the copy for all the preced- ing volumes, typed the greater part of the manuscript for this one, the balance being done by Miss Ruth Inman, secre- tary to the Bird Department of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. As usual, Mrs. Peters was of invaluable assistance in reading the proof. The index was prepared by Mrs. R. E. Bowen. JLB: 7 June 1948 i CONTENTS ORDER PICIFORMES . SUBORDER GALBULAE Superfamily Galbuloidea . Family Galbulidae, Jacamars . ; Genus Galbalcyrhynchus Des Murs : Brachygalba Bonaparte . Jacamaralcyon Lesson Galbula Brisson Jacamerops Lesson Family Bucconidae, Puff-birds es Genus Notharchus Cabanis and Heine . Bucco Brisson . Nystalus Cabanis and Heer Hypnelus Cabanis and Heine . Malacoptila G. R. Gray . Micromonacha Sclater . Nonnula Sclater Hapaloptila Sclater . Monasa Vieillot Chelidoptera Gould Superfamily Capitonoidea . Family Capitonidae, Barbets . Genus Capito Vieillot . Eubucco Bonaparte . Semnornis Richmond Psilopogon S. Miiller . Megalaima G. R. Gray . Calorhamphus Lesson Gymnobucco Bonaparte . Smilorhis Sundevall . Stactolaema Marshall and Marshall Pogoniulus Lafresnaye . Tricholaema Verreaux and Verreaux . Lybius Hermann . Trachyphonus Rangani . —_ SOOM UW WH WH WwW WH W ee ee a a Oo ORAM WH = N bd — = tO \ bw LE SO CONTENTS Family Indicatoridae, Honey-guides . Genus Prodotiscus Sundevall Melignomon Reichenow . Indicator Stephens Melichneutes Reichenow Superfamily Ramphastoidea . Family Ramphastidae, Toucans . Genus Aulacorhynchus Gould Pteroglossus Illiger . Subgenus Pteroglossus IJlliger . Beauharnasius Bonaparte . Genus Selenidera Gould . Andigena Gould Subgenus Baillonius Cassin . Andigena Gould . Genus Ramphastos Linné . SuBORDER Pic1 Family Picidae . 3 Subfamily Jynginae, Wignecks : Genus Jynx Linné . : Subfamily Picumninae, Piculets ; Genus Picumnus Temminck . Nesoctites Hargitt Verreauxia Harilaub Sasia Hodgson . Subfamily Picinae, Woeduecien: Genus Geocolaptes Swainson Colaptes Vigors Nesoceleus Sclater and Salvin Chrysoptilus Swainson . Piculus Spix . : Campethera G. R. ch Celeus Boie . ; Micropternus Blyth . Picus Linné . 5 Dinopium Rafinesque . Gecinulus Blyth Meiglyptes Swainson Mulleripicus Bonaparte . CONTENTS Dryocopus Boie Asyndesmus Coues Melanerpes Swainson Leuconerpes Swainson . Sphyrapicus Baird Trichopicus Bonaparte . Veniliornis Bonaparte Dendropicos Malherbe . Dendrocopos Koch Picoides Lacépéde . Sapheopipo Hargitt . Xiphidiopicus Bonaparte Polipicus Cassin Mesopicos Malherbe . Thripias Cabanis and Heine . Hemicirus Swainson . Blythipicus Bonaparte Chrysocolaptes Blyth . Phloeoceastes Cabanis Campephilus G. R. Gray INDEX . Be en ige oe PS Re nee EEA US NEW NAMES PROPOSED IN VOLUME VI Picus canus sobrinus nom. nov. . : Melanerpes rubricapillus rubricomus nom. nov. . 136 164 i ail ’ ue CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Ty oa - fasts i i} j d | rf 1 , if 1 Avy, pK { en 1 OF ie AL i cn il pli y i i 0 | f Orpver PICIFORMES SuBoRDER GALBULAE SuPERFAMILY GALBULOIDEA Famity GALBULIDAE Genus GALBALCYRHYNCHUS Des Murs Galbalcyrhynchus Des Murs, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 207. Type, by monotypy, Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis Des Murs. cf. Goeldi, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, 5, 1908, p. 77-91. Sclater, Monogr. Jacamars and Puff-birds, 1882, p. xxiv; 53-55, pl. 17. Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis leucotis Des Murs Galbaleyrhynchus leucotis Des Murs, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 207. (Bogota, Colombia.) Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador and extreme northeastern Peru, from Bogota to the south bank of the Amazon, extending up the Ucayali to Sarayacu. Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis purusianus Goeldi Galbalcyrhynchus purusianus Goeldi, Verz. Neuen Thiere und Pflantzenformen etc., Suppl. 7, Feb. 1904, p. [3]. (Rio Purus. ) Galbalcyrynchus [sic] purusianus Goeldi, Compt. Rend. 6me Congr. Internat. Zool., Berne, 1904 (25 May, 1905 or later), p. 548. (Upper Rio Purts and Acre.) Galbacyrhynchus [sic] leucotis innotatus H. von Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 6, 1904 (1905), p. 445. (Rio Jurua, Brazil.) Eastern and southeastern Pert; western Brazil (Rio Jurua, Rio Purus) ; northern Bolivia (Rio Beni). Genus BRACHYGALBA BonaparTE Brachygalba Bonaparte, Ateneo Italiano, 2, 1854, p. 129. (Sepa- rately paged reprint, Consp. Vol. Zygod., p. 13.) Type, by subsequent designation, Galbula albigularis Spix. (G. R. Gray, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 137.) cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 338-339. Hellmayr, Abh. K. Bay. Akad. Wiss., 22, 1906, p. 600-601. 4, CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 425-426. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 369-370. Brachygalba lugubris fulviventris Sclater Brachygalba fulviventris Sclater, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 171 (inkey), p.172. (Bogota, Colombia. ) Eastern base of the Eastern Andes of Colombia north of the Amazonian region (Buenavista, Villavicencio). Brachygalba lugubris caquetae Chapman Brachygalba fulviventris caquete Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 338. (La Morelia, 600 feet, Rio Bodoquera, Caqueta, Colombia. ) Eastern base of the Eastern Andes of Colombia (south of the range of fulviventris) southward through eastern Ecuador to east- ern Peru. Brachygalba lugubris lugubris (Swainson) Galbula lugubris Swainson, Anim. in Menag., 1838 (1837), p. 329. (Conucou [i.e. Kanuku] Mts., British Guiana.) Eastern and southern Venezuela and the Guianas, south to north- ern Brazil (Rio Branco, Rio Tocantins, Rio Acara). Brachygalba lugubris obscuriceps Zimmer and Phelps Brachygalba lugubris obscuriceps Zimmer and Phelps, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 1338, 1947, p. 3. (Rio Castanho, Base Canoas, Rio Padaniri, 160 meters, Brazil.) Extreme southern Venezuela (Rio Ocamo, upper Orinoco) and northwestern Brazil (upper Rio Padaniri, Rio Negro). Brachygalba lugubris naumburgi Chapman Brachygalba lugubris naumburgi Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 450, 1931, p. 1. (Therezina, Piaui, Brazil.) Northeastern Brazil in states of Maranhiao and Piaui. Brachygalba lugubris melanosterna Sclater Brachygalba melanosterna Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 23, 1855, p. 15. (Goids, Brazil, and Guayaros in Bolivia.) Eastern Bolivia; central Brazil in states of Mato Grosso, Goiaz, Para, Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo. Brachygalba phaeonota Todd Brachygalba pheonota Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1943, p. 10. (Tonantins, Rio Solimées, Brazil.) Known only from the unique type. FAMILY GALBULIDAE 5 Brachygalba goeringi Sclater and Salvin Brachygalba goeringi Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, 1869, p. 253, pl. 18. (Near Maruria, north of Lake of Valencia, at foot of mtn. of Guiguc, Venezuela. ) Eastern Colombia in Dept. of Boyaca (Palmar) and northern Venezuela (Lake Valencia, El Trompillo). Brachygalba salmoni Sclater and Salvin Brachygalba salmoni Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, 1879, p. 535. (Rio Neche [i.e. Nechi], Antioquia, Co- lombia. ) Eastern Panama; northwestern Colombia in Dept. of Antioquia. Brachygalba albogularis (Spix) Galbula albogularis Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 54, pl. 57, f. 1. (Para = Rio Javary.) Known certainly only from the Rio Javary, on the Peru-Brazil boundary. Genus JACAMARALCYON Lesson Jacamaralcyon Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 3, 1830, p. 235. Type, by monotypy, Jacamaralcyon brasiliensis Lesson = Galbula tridactyla Vieillot. cf. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1938, p. 305-306. Jacamaralcyon tridactyla (Vieillot) Galbula tridactyla Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 16, 1817, p. 445. (Brazil; Pinto, op. cit., suggests SAo Paulo as re- stricted type locality.) Southeastern Brazil in states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo and Parana. Genus GALBULA! Brisson Galbula Brisson, Orn., 1, 1760, p. 42; 4, p. 86. Type, by tautonymy, Galbula = Alcedo galbula Linné. Psilopornis Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 361. Type, by original designation, Galbula albirostris Latham. cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 336-337; 55, 1926, p. 351-353. Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 388-390. 1TIncludes Urogalba Bonaparte, 1854, of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 6 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 361 (key, part) ; p. 365-368. Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1943, p. 4-10. Galbula albirostris chalcocephala Deville Galbula chalcocephala Deville, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 55. (Sarayacu, Rio Ucayali.) Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador and northeastern Peru; upper Rio Negro region of Brazil. Galbula albirostris albirostris Latham Galbula albirostris Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 245. (South America; Cayenne substituted as type locality by Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 104.) Galbula surinamensis Penard and Penard, Vog. Guyana, 1, 1908, p. 576. (Surinam, type from Lelydorp. ) Eastern Venezuela, the Guianas and northern Brazil. Galbula albirostris cyanicollis Cassin Galbula cyanicollis Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 5, 1851, p. 154, pl. 7. (Para, Brazil.) Amazonian Brazil, south of the Amazon, from the Eiri and the Jurua to northern Maranhao. Galbula galbula (Linné) 3 Alcedo Galbula Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 182. Cay- enne and Brazil, 1.e. Cayenne. ) Extreme eastern Colombia, eastern and southern Venezuela, the Guianas, Brazil north and south of the Amazon to the lower Rio Madeira and Para (Lago Grande). Galbula tombacea tombacea Spix Galbula tombacea Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 55, pl. 58. (“In sylvis fl. Amazonum, = Sao Paulo de Olivenga, Brazil, by designation of Todd, antea, p. 8.) Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador and Peri; western Brazil south of the Amazon eastward at least to Tonantins. Galbula tombacea mentalis Todd Galbula tombacea mentalis Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1943, p. 9. (Caviana, opposite Manacapurt, Rio Solimées, Brazil.) Both banks of the middle Amazon from the Rio Negro and the Rio Madeira, westward an undetermined distance. 1 Replaces Galbula viridis (Linné) of Sharpe’s Hand-list. FAMILY GALBULIDAE qT Galbula cyanescens Deville Galbula cyanescens Deville, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 56. (Banks of the Amazon; types from Sarayacu, Rio Ucayali, Peru.) Amazonian Pert south of the Amazon and adjacent parts of western Brazil, eastward at least to the Purts. Galbula pastazae Taczanowski and Berlepsch Galbula pastaze Taczanowski and Berlepsch, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1885, p. 107. (Mapoto and Machay, Ecuador.) Subtropical zone of eastern Ecuador; recorded from western Brazil (ArimA, on the Rio Purts, tropical zone). Galbula ruficauda melanogenia Sclater Galbula melanogenia Sclater, in Jardine’s Contr. Orn. for 1852, 1853, p. 61, pl. 90. (“S. A., locality uncertain”); p. 93. (Veragua. ) Humid tropical zone from Veracruz and Chiapas southward out He of Central America and the Pacific coast of Colombia and cuador. Galbula ruficauda ruficauda Cuvier Galbula ruficauda Cuvier, Régne Anim., 1, 1817 (1816), p. 420, based on LeVaillant, Ois. de Paradis etc., 2, pl. 50. (Guiana.) Humid tropical zone of central Colombia in the Cauca and Mag- dalena valleys, Venezuela, the Rio Branco region of Brazil, and the Guianas ; islands of Trinidad and Tobago. Galbula ruficauda pallens Bangs Galbula ruficauda pallens Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 12, 1898, p. 133. (Santa Marta, Colombia.) Arid tropical zone of northern Colombia west to the Rio Sint, in the lower Magdalena Valley and the Santa Marta region. Galbula ruficauda brevirostris Cory Galbula ruficauda brevirostris Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., 1, 1913, p. 287. (Encontrados, southwest of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela. ) Humid tropical zone at the head of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela. Galbula ruficauda rufoviridis Cabanis Galbula rufoviridis Cabanis, in Ersch and Gruber’s Allg. Encyc. Wiss. und Kinste, Sect. 1, 1851, Th. 52, p. 308. (Brazil.) The greater part of Brazil south of the Amazon; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina in Gobernacion de Misiones; northern Bolivia (Rio Beni). 8 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Galbula ruficauda heterogyna Todd Galbula rufoviridis heterogyna Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, 45, 1932, p. 217. (Palmarito, Rio San Julian, Chiquitos, Bolivia. ) Tropical Bolivia east of the Andes (except area occupied by G. r. rufoviridis) ; western Mato Grosso (Descalvados). Galbula leucogastra chalcothorax Sclater Galbula chalcothorax Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 22, 1854 (1855), p. 110. (Quijos, Ecuador.) Amazonian Ecuador and Pert; western Brazil on the Rio Jurua. Galbula leucogastra leucogastra Vieillot Galbula leucogastra Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 16, 1817, p. 444. (South America, restricted to Cayenne by Hellmayr, antea, p. 390.) The Guianas, southern Venezuela, and western Brazil from the upper Rio Negro to the Purtis and the Madeira. Galbula leucogastra viridissima Griscom and Greenway Galbula leucogaster viridissima Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 81, 1937, p. 426. (Pinhy, Rio Tapajoz, Brazil.) Known only from the Rio Tapajoz. Galbula dea dea (Linné) Alcedo Dea Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 116. (Suri- nam.) Venezuela (upper Orinoco), the Guianas, northern Brazil north of the Amazon from the left bank of the Rio Negro eastward. Galbula dea amazonum (Sclater) Urogalba amazgonum Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 23, 1855, p. 14. (Para, Amazon River.) Northern Bolivia on the Rio Beni, and Brazil on the south bank of the Amazon and its southern affluents from the right bank of the Tapajoz to the Para district. Galbula dea brunneiceps (Todd) Urogalba dea brunneiceps Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1943, p. 6. (Manacapuru, Rio Solimées, Brazil.) Eastern Pert east to the right bank of the Rio Negro, and on the south bank of the Amazon between the Madeira and the Tapa- joz. FAMILY GALBULIDAE 9 Galbula dea phainopepla (Todd) Urogalba dea phainopepla Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1943, p. 6. (Arima, Rio Purus, Brazil.) Western Brazil south of the Amazon and west of the Rio Madeira.? Genus JACAMEROPS Lesson Jacamerops Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 3, 1830, p. 234. Type, by monotypy, Alcedo grandis Gmelin = Alcedo aurea P. L. S. Miller. cf. pee Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 362- Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1943, p. 1-3. Jacamerops aurea penardi Bangs and Barbour Jacamerops aurea penardi Bangs and Barbour, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 65, 1922, p. 200. (Carillo, Costa Rica.) Caribbean slope of Costa Rica, Panama (both slopes) and west- ern Colombia, east to the western slopes of the Eastern Andes. Jacamerops aurea aurea (P. L. S. Miller) Alcedo aurea P. L. S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 94. (Berbice, British Guiana. ) Galbula Boersu Ranzani, Elem. di. Zool., 3, 1821, pt. 2, p. 197. (Banda Island; error, I designate British Guiana. ) Eastern Colombia, Venezuela and the Guianas. Jacamerops aurea ridgwayi Todd Jacamerops aurea ridgwayi Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1943, p. 2. (Miritituba, Rio Tapajoz, Brazil.) Lower Amazon valley in Brazil from the Rio Negro and the Rio Tapajoz (and probably the Madeira), eastward. Jacamerops aurea isidori Deville Jacamerops Isidori Deville, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 55. (Sarayacu and Pampa del Sacramento, Pert.) Eastern Ecuador, eastern Pert, and western Brazil east to the Rio Purus and northern Bolivia on the Rio Beni. 1 Bond and deSchauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 95, 1943, p. 213 point out that Porto Velho, “Bolivia” whence Cory records this bird is actu- ally in Brazil. 10 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Famity BUCCONIDAE Genus NOTHARCHUS Capsanis AND HEINE Notharchus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), Heft 1, p. 146, 149. Type, by subsequent designation, Bucco hyperrhynchus Sclater. (Sclater, Monogr. Jacamars and Puff-birds, 1882, p. xxxv.) Megacephalus W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, p. 39. Type, by monotypy, Megacephalus bitorquatus W. Bertoni = Bucco swainsoni G. R. Gray. Not Mega- cephalus Fitzinger, 1843. cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 55, 1926, p. 354-355. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1938, p. 307-309. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 373- 380. Notharchus macrorhynchos cryptoleucus van Rossem Notharchus hyperrhynchus cryptoleucus van Rossem, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 8, 1934, p. 3. (Barra de Santiago, sea level, Dept. Ahuachapan, El Salvador.) Pacific lowlands of El Salvador and northwestern Nicaragua. Notharchus macrorhynchos hyperrynchus (Sclater) Bucco hyperrhynchus Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 23, 1855 (1856), p. 193, pl. 105. (Upper Amazon.) Bucco dysoni Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 23, 1855 (1856), p. 193. (Honduras. ) Southern México, Central America (except part occupied by N. m. cryptoleucus) and north-western South America, from Oaxaca to eastern Peru, eastern Bolivia, southern Venezuela and the Rio Tapajoz (left bank). Notharchus macrorhynchos macrorhynchos (Gmelin) Bucco macrorhynchos Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 406. (Cayenne. ) The Guianas, the Rio Negro and Rio Branco region of Brazil, south to the Amazon. Notharchus macrorhynchos paraensis Sassi Notharchus macrorhynchus paraensis Sassi, Orn. Monatsb., 40, 1932) pa lZiei@bara>) Lower Amazon valley in State of Para east of the Tapajoz, ex- tending into the forest region of northern Maranhao. FAMILY BUCCONIDAE ll Notharchus macrorhynchos swainsoni (G. R. Gray) Bucco swainsoni G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 1, 1846, p. 74. (Brazil.) New name for Tamatia macrorhynchus Swainson, Zool. Illustr. pl. 99, not Bucco macrorhynchos Gmelin. Southeastern Brazil in states of Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana and Santa Catarina; eastern Paraguay ; north- eastern Argentina in Gobernacion de Misiones. Notharchus pectoralis (G. R. Gray) Bucco pectoralis G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 1, 1846, pl. 26. (No locality.) Panama from the Canal Zone eastward; central Colombia to northwestern Ecuador. Notharchus ordii (Cassin) Bucco Ordii Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 5, 1851, p. 154, pl. 8. (Venezuela. ) Southern Venezuela (Mt. Duida), northwestern Brazil (upper Rio Negro, Rio Cussary, Rio SolimGes) ; recorded from Cayenne, doubtless erroneously. Notharchus tectus subtectus (Sclater) Bucco subtectus Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 28, 1860, p. 296. (Esmeraldas, western Ecuador.) Panama from the Canal Zone eastward, Colombia west of the Magdalena River, and southwestern Ecuador; recorded also from eastern Costa Rica and Veraguas. ?Notharchus tectus picatus (Sclater) Bucco picatus Sclater, Proc. Zool. London, pt. 23, 1855 (1856), p. 194, (Chamicuros, Pert.) Eastern Ecuador and eastern Pert. Notharchus tectus tectus (Boddaert) | Bucco tectus Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 43. (Cayenne, ex Daubenton, pl. 688, f. 2.) Southern Venezuela, the Guianas, northern Brazil to the south bank of the lower Amazon, and extending to Maranhio. Genus BUCCO Brisson Bucco Brisson, Orn., 1, 1760, p. 42; 4, p. 91, 92. Type, by tautonymy, Bucco Brisson = Bucco capensis Linné. Nystactes Gloger, Froriep’s Notizen, 16, 1827, col. 277. Type, by monotypy, Bucco somnolentus [Lichtenstein] = Bucco tamatia Gmelin. 12 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Argicus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), Heft 1, p. 148. New name for Cyphos Spix, 1824, not Cyphus Schonherr, 1823. Type, by monotypy, Cyphos macrodactylus Spix. cf. Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 391-392. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 371- SUZ: Bucco macrodactylus (Spix) Cyphos macrodactylus Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 51, pl. 39, f. 2. (“In sylvis flumen Amazonum”; restricted to Fonte Boa, Brazil, by Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 102.) Argicus macrodactylus caurensis Cherrie, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 1916, p. 389. (La Union, Caura River, Venezuela. ) Tropical zone of eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador and eastern Pert, the lower Orinoco valley in Venezuela, western Brazil on the lower Solimées and the Rio Jurua and northern Bolivia on the Rio Beni and in Dept. of Santa Cruz. Bucco tamatia pulmentum Sclater Bucco pulmentum Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 23, 1855 (1856), p. 194, pl. 106. (Eastern Peru and region of the upper Amazon: Pebas, Chamicurros. ) Amazonian Colombia (Leticia), eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru and adjacent parts of northwestern Brazil to the Rio Purus. Bucco tamatia tamatia Gmelin Bucco Tamatia Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 405. (Cayenne and Brazil.) Extreme eastern Colombia (Maipures), eastern Venezuela, the Guianas and adjacent parts of northern Brazil; also along the south bank of the Amazon from the right bank of the Rio Madeira to the Tapajoz. Bucco tamatia inexpectatus (Todd) Nystactes tamatia inexpectatus Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1943, p. 14. (Manacapurt, Rio Solimées, Brazil.) Known only from the north bank of the Amazon, west of the Rio Negro. Bucco tamatia punctuliger (Todd) Nystactes tamatia punctuliger Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1943, p. 14. (Caviana, Rio Solimées, Brazil.) Known only from the south bank of the Amazon between the Purus and the Madeira. FAMILY BUCCONIDAE 13 Bucco tamatia hypneleus (Cabanis and Heine) Chaunornis hypnelea Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), Heft 1, p. 145, note. (Para.) Right bank of the lower Amazon from the Tapajoz to the Capim, and islands in the Amazon Delta. Bucco tamatia interior (Cherrie and Reichenberger ) Nystactes tamatia interior Cherrie and Reichenberger, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 27, 1921, p. 3. (Campos Novos, Cerro do Norte, Mato Grosso. ) Northern and western Mato Grosso. Bucco noanamae Hellmayr Bucco noaname Hellmayr, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 25, 1909, p. 20. (Noanama, 100 feet, Rio San Juan, Chocd, Colombia. ) Confined to the headwaters of the San Juan and Atrato rivers in western Colombia. Bucco capensis Linné Bucco capensis Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766. p. 168. (Cape of Good Hope, error = Guiana ex Brissonian reference.) } Southeastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador and northeastern Peru, eastward through southern Venezuela and northern Brazil (both banks of the Amazon) to Cayenne and Belém. Genus NYSTALUS Casanis anp HEINE Nystalus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), Heft 1, p. 139. Type, by subsequent designation, Alcedo maculata Gmelin. (Sclater, Monogr. Jacamars and Puff-birds, pt. 4, 1882, p. xxxv.) Ecchaunornis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 25, 1912, p. 97. Type, by original designation, Bucco radiatus Sclater. cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917; p. 341-342. Cherrie and Reichenberger, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 58, 1923, p. 6-8. Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 426-428. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 384 386. Nystalus radiatus (Sclater) Bucco radiatus Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 21, 1853 (1854), p. 122, pl. 50. (Colombia = Magdalena Valley, fide Chapman, antea.) 1 Replaces Bucco collaris Latham of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 14 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Western Panama to the lower Cauca and Magdalena valleys in Colombia, extending southward along the Pacific coast of Ecuador to Guayaquil. Nystalus chacuru uncirostris (Stolzmann) Ecchaunornis chacuru uncirostris Stolzmann, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polonici Hist. Nat., 5, 1926, p. 214. (Santa Ana, Pert.) Eastern Pert and eastern Bolivia. Nystalus chacuru chacuru (Vieillot) Bucco chacuru Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 3, 1816, p. 239. (Paraguay. ) Campo region of Brazil south of the Amazon; Paraguay ; north- eastern Argentina. Nystalus striolatus striolatus (Pelzeln) Bucco striolatus ‘‘Natterer” Pelzeln, Sitzungsb. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., 20, 1856, p. 500. (Engenho do Gama and No Dourado, Mato Grosso.) Eastern Ecuador, eastern Pert, Bolivia and western Brazil in State of Mato Grosso. Nystalus striolatus torridus Bond and de Schauensee Nystalus striolatus torridus Bond and de Schauensee, Notulae Naturae, no. 50, 1940, p. 1. (Rio Guama, Belém, Para.) Eastern parts of Para, south of the Amazon. Nystalus maculatus maculatus (Gmelin) Alcedo maculata Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 451. (Brazil. ) Nystalus maculatus nuchalis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 398. (Jua, near Iguatu, Ceara. ) Eastern Brazil south of the Amazon and east of the Rio Tapajoz, south to Minas Gerais and Baia. Nystalus maculatus parvirostris (Hellmayr) Bucco maculatus parvirostris Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 86. (Rio Araguaya, Goiaz.) Central Brazil in states of Goiaz, Minas Gerais and southeastern part of Mato Grosso. Nystalus maculatus pallidigula Cherrie and Reichenberger Nystalus maculatus pallidigula Cherrie and Reichenberger, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 6, 1923, p. 6. (Uructm, near Corumba, Mato Grosso. ) Western Mato Grosso. FAMILY BUCCONIDAE 15 Nystalus maculatus striatipectus (Sclater) Bucco striatipectus Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 21, 1853 (1854), p. 123. (Bolivia.) Eastern and southern Bolivia in depts. of Misque, Santa Cruz, Cordilleros and Tarija; northern Argentina in provs. of Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman, Santiago del Estero and Chaco. Genus HYPNELUS Casanis AND HEINE Hypnelus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), Heft 1, p. 143. Type, by subsequent designation, Tamatia bicincta Gould. (Sclater, Monogr. Jacamars and Puff-birds, pt. 4, 1882, p. xxxv). cf. Barnés and Phelps, Bol. Soc. Venezolana Cienc. Nat., no. 46, 1940, p. 24-25. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 380-383. Hypnelus ruficollis ruficollis (Wagler) Capito ruficollis Wagler, Isis von Oken, 22, 1829, col. 658. (México, error = Cartagena, Colombia.) Arid parts of northern Colombia from the lower Magdalena Val- ley to the Santa Marta region; western Venezuela in the region west of Lake Maracaibo. Hypnelus ruficollis decolor Todd and Carriker Hypnelus ruficollis decolor Todd and Carriker, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 14, 1922, p. 228. (Rio Hacha, Colombia.) Guajira Peninsula, Colombia, and northwestern Venezuela in State of Falcon. Hypnelus ruficollis coloratus Ridgway Hypnelus ruficollis coloratus Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 382 (in key). (Encontrados, Vene- zuela. ) Western Venezuela in the humid region south of Lake Mara- caibo. Hypnelus bicinctus bicinctus (Gould) Tamatia bicincta Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 4, 1836 (1837), p. 80. (Cayenne? i.e. Venezuela. ) Northern Venezuela and the Orinoco Valley below Caicara. Hypnelus bicinctus stoicus Wetmore Hypnelus bicinctus stoicus Wetmore, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 98, 1939, no. 4, p. 1. (Margarita Island.) Confined to Margarita Island off the north coast of Venezuela. 16 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Genus MALACOPTILA G. R. Gray Malacoptila G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., ed. 2, 1841, p. 13. Type, by subsequent designation, Bucco fuscus Gmelin (G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 1, 1846, p. [74]). cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 342-343; 55, 1926, p. 356-357. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1938, p. 313-314. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 387— 392. Malacoptila striata minor Sassi Malacoptila torquata minor Sassi, Journ. f. Orn., 59, 1911, p. 181. (Miritiba, Maranhao. ) Eastern Brazil in State of Maranhao. Malacoptila striata striata (Spix) Bucco torquatus ‘““Wagler” Hahn and Kiister, Voeg. aus Asien, Afrika, Amerika und Neuholland, Lief. 13, 1822, pl. 5 and text. (Brazil.) Not Bucco torquatus Dumont, 1805. Bucco striatus Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 52, pl. 40, f. 2. (Rio de Janeiro and Baia.) Southeastern Brazil from southern Baia and eastern Minas Gerais to Santa Catarina. Malacoptila fusca fusca (Gmelin) Bucco fuscus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 408. (Cay- enne. ) The Guianas, southeastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, north- eastern Pert, and Brazil north of the Amazon and east to Obidos. Malacoptila fusca semicincta Todd Malacoptila semicincta Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 38, 1925, p. 111. (Hyutanahan, Rio Purts, Brazil.) Recorded from southern Pert (north slopes of the Sierra de Carabaya), western Brazil (Rio Purts) and northern Bolivia (Rio Beni). Malacoptila fulvogularis substriata Sclater Malacoptila substriata Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 21, 1853 (1854), p. 123, pl. 51. (Colombia; Llanos de Meta, suggested as type locality by de Schauensee, 1946.) Colombia ; known from Bogota trade skins and a specimen from the Llanos de Meta. FAMILY BUCCONIDAE 17 Malacoptila fulvogularis huilae de Schauensee Malacoptila fulvogularis huilae de Schauensee, Notulae Naturae, no. 163, 1946, p. 4. (El Isno, Dept. of Huila, Colombia.) Known only from the head of the Magdalena Valley, Colombia. Malacoptila fulvogularis fulvogularis Sclater Malacoptila fulvogularis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 21, 1853 (1854), p. 123. ( Bolivia.) Malacoptila fulvigularis melanopogon, Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1902, vol. 2, p. 37. (Garita del Sol and Maraynioc, Pert.) Subtropical zone of the Andes from eastern Ecuador to Bolivia. Malacoptila rufa rufa (Spix) Bucco rufus Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 52, pl. 40, f. 1. (Amazon. ) Eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, western Brazil south of the Amazon to the left bank of the Madeira. Malacoptila rufa brunnescens Zimmer Malacoptila rufa brunnescens Zimmer, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 500, 1931, p. 3. (Caxiricatuba, right bank of the Rio Tapajoz, Brazil. ) Southern banks and affluents of the middle Amazon from the Madeira to the Guama. Malacoptila panamensis inornata (DuBus) Monasa inornata DuBus, Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Belg., 14, Aug., 1847, pt. 2, p. 107. (Guatemala. ) Tropical zone of the Caribbean slope of Central America from Guatemala to northern Nicaragua. Malacoptila panamensis fuliginosa Richmond Malacoptila fuliginosa Ridgway MS. Richmond, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, 1893, p. 512, in text. (Rio Escondido, Nicaragua.) Tropical zone of southeastern Nicaragua, northwestern Costa Rica, and eastern Costa Rica to the Chiriqui Lagoon region of western Panama. Malacoptila panamensis panamensis Lafresnaye Malacoptila panamensis Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., March, 1847, p. 79. (Panama.) Malacoptila costaricensis Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 172. (Costa Rica; the type probably came from Guaitil in central-western Costa Rica.) 1 fide van Rossem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 77, 1934, p. 409. 18 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Malacoptila panamensis Var. typica Sclater, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 197. (Panama.) Tropical zone of southwestern Costa Rica through northwestern Panama to the Canal Zone and Darien; northwestern Colombia south to the Baudo Mts. Malacoptila panamensis poliopis Sclater Malacoptila poliopis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1862, p. 86, pl. 8. (Esmeraldas, Ecuador. ) Tropical zone of southwestern Colombia, and western Ecuador from San José to Portovelo. Malacoptila panamensis magdalenae Todd Malacoptila panamensis magdalene Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1943, p. 15. (El Tambor, Santander, Colombia. ) Tropical zone of the Magdalena Valley in Colombia. Malacoptila mystacalis (Lafresnaye) Monasa mystacalis Lafresnaye, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 2, 1850, p. 215. (Colombia; restricted to Valparaiso, Santa Marta, by Chapman, antea, 1917, p. 324.) Malacoptila aspersa Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 21, 1853 (1854), p. 123. (Venezuela.) Subtropical! zone of all three ranges of the Andes and of the Santa Marta Mountains of Colombia, and the mountains of north- western Venezuela. Genus MICROMONACHA ScLATER Micromonacha Sclater, Monograph Jacamars and Puff-birds, pt. 5, July, 1881, p. 131, pl. 44; Proc. Zool. Soc. London, Oct., 1881, p. 776, f. 1; p. 777. (Type, by monotypy, Bucco lanceolata Deville). cf. Sclater, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 199. ?Micromonacha lanceolata austinsmithi Dwight and Griscom Micromonacha lanceolata austinsmithi Dwight and Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 142, 1924, p. 2. (Carillo, Costa Rica.) Eastern Costa Rica (Carillo) and western Panama (Rio Calove- vora). Doubtfully distinct from M. 1. lanceolata. Micromonacha lanceolata lanceolata (Deville) Bucco lanceolata Deville, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 56. (Pampa del Sacramento, upper Amazon. ) 1 This bird is probably a zonal representative of M. panamensis. FAMILY BUCCONIDAE 19 Tropical and subtropical zones of western Colombia from the headwaters of the Rio San Juan south to Buenavista; eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru and adjacent parts of western Brazil (Rio Jurua). GENUS NONNULA Sc LATER Nonnula Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 21, 1853 (1854), p. 124. Type, by original designation, Bucco rubecula Spix. Microtrogon W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos, (1), no. 1, 1901, p. 41. Type, present designation, Microtrogon ful- vescens Bertoni = Bucco rubecula Spix.1 cf. Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 393-395. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1938, p. 315-316. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 399- 402. Nonnula rubecula duidae Chapman Nonnula duid@ Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, 1914, p. 195. (Foot of Mt. Duida, 700 feet, Venezuela.) Southern Venezuela in the region at the base of Mt. Duida. Nonnula rubecula cineracea Sclater Nonnula cineracea Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 778. (Rio Javary, Peru.) Western Brazil and adjacent parts of northeastern Pert (Rio Javary, upper Rio Negro, Rio Madeira, Rio Jurua, Rio Puruts, Rio SolimGes). Nonnula rubecula simplex Todd Nonnula rubecula simplex Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25, 1937, p. 248. (Villa Braga, Rio Tapajoz, Brazil.) Northeastern Brazil in State of Para (Rio Jamunda, Rio Ta- pajoz). Nonnula rubecula rubecula (Spix) Bucco rubecula Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 51, pl. 39, f. 1. (Malhada, Rio Sao Francisco, Brazil.) Microtrogon fulvescens W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, p. 41. (Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay.) 1 Microtrogon Bertoni was published with two contained species. Of these the first is Microtrogon fulvescens Bertoni (=Bucco rubecula Spix) which is described in the fullest detail; the second is Microtrogon galbuloides Bertoni so incompletely described that it has never been satisfactorily iden- tified with any known species, in fact it is not clear whether the description was based on a bird seen but not collected, or from memory of a specimen that had been lost; there is no assurance that it is a bucconid at all. 20 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Nonnula hellmayri Chrostowski, Ann. Mus. Zool. Polonici Hist. Nat., 1, 1921, p. 39. (Vera Guarany, Parana, Brazil.) Southeastern Brazil in states of Baia, Goiaz, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo and Parana; Paraguay; northeastern Ar- gentina in Gobernacion de Misiones. Nonnula sclateri Hellmayr Nonnula sclatert Hellmayr, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907, p. 55. (Humaytha, Rio Madeira, Brazil.) Western Brazil on the Rio Jurua, Rio Eiru, Rio Purts and the upper Rio Madeira. Nonnula brunnea Sclater Nonnula brunnea Sclater, Ibis, 1881, p. 600. (Sarayacu, Ecua- dor.) Tropical zone of Colombia (except western), eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru. Nonnula frontalis frontalis (Sclater) Malacoptila frontalis Sclater, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (2), 13, 1854, p. 479. (Colombia. ) Panama from the Canal Zone eastward ; northern Colombia east- ward through the lower Cauca and Magdalena valleys to the Le- brija Valley, Santander. Nonnula frontalis pallescens Todd Nonnula frontalis pallescens Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 32, 1919, p. 116. (Fundacion, Santa Marta, Colombia. ) Littoral of northeastern Colombia. Nonnula ruficapilla rufipectus Chapman Nonnula ruficapilla rufipectus Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 332, 1928, p. 8. (Puerto Indiana, Pert.) Northeastern Pert north of the Amazon (Rios Napo and Ama- zon). Nonnula ruficapilla ruficapilla (Tschudi) Lypornix ruficapilla Tschudi, Arch. Naturg., 10, 1844, Bd. 1, p. 300. (Peri, = Vitoc Valley.) Eastern Pert in the valleys of the Marafion, Huallaga and the Ucayali; western Brazil on the Rio Jurua. Nonnula ruficapilla nattereri Hellmayr Nonnula ruficapilla nattereri Hellmayr, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern, no. 5, 19 Dec., 1921, p. 42. (Villa Maria [now Sao Luiz de Caceres], Rio Paraguay, Mato Grosso.) FAMILY BUCCONIDAE 21 Nonnula ruficapilla pallida Cherrie and Reichenberger, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 27, 28 Dec., 1921, p. 4. (Tapirapoan, Mato Grosso. ) Western Mato Grosso on the upper Guaporé and upper Para- guay drainage. Nonnula amaurocephala Chapman Nonaula amaurocephala Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 2, 1921, p. 2. (Manacapurt, Rio Solimées, Brazil.) Western Brazil on the left bank of the Rio Solimdes (Codajaz, Manacapurt). Genus HAPALOPTILA ScLATER Hapaloptila Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, Oct., 1881, p 776; p. 777, f£. 2; Monograph Jacamars and Puff-birds, pt. 6, Nov., 1881, p. 143, pl. 47. Type, by original designation and monotypy, Malacoptila castanea Verreaux. cf. Sclater, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 202. Hapaloptila castanea (J. Verreaux) Malacoptila castanea J. Verreaux, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 18, 1866, p. 355, pl. 19. (Bogota; region of Frontino, Antioquia, Colombia, substituted by Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 405, note b.) Subtropical zone of western Colombia and western Ecuador. Genus MONASA VIEILLOT Monasa Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 27. Type, by monotypy, Coucou noir de Cayenne of Buffon = Cuculus ater Boddaert. cf. Griscom, Auk, 50, 1933, p. 303-304. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 392- 402. Monasa atra (Boddaert) Cuculus niger P. L. S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 90. (Cayenne.) Not Cuculus niger Linné, 1758. Cuculus ater Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 30. (Cayenne, ex Daubenton, pl. 512.) Southern Venezuela, the Guianas and northern Brazil from the Rio Negro to Obidos. Monasa nigrifrons nigrifrons (Spix) Bucco nigrifrons Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 53, pl. 41, f. 2. (Rio Solim6es, Brazil.) 22 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Monasa nigrifrons itapurana H. and R. Ihering, Cat. Fauna Braz., 1, 1907, p. 177, 413. (Itapura, SAo Paulo.) Southeastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador and eastern Pert, ex- tending north of the Amazon to the Rio Negro and south of the Amazon east to Piaui, south to Mato Grosso, Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais. Monasa nigrifrons canescens Todd Monasa nigrifrons canescens Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25, 1937, p. 247. (Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.) Tropical Bolivia east of the Andes. Monasa morphoeus grandior Sclater and Salvin Monasa grandior Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868, p. 327. (Angostura, Costa Rica.) Caribbean slope of Nicaragua, Costa Rica and northwestern Panama. Monasa morphoeus fidelis Nelson Monasa fidelis Nelson, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 56, 1912, no. 37, p. 1. (Cerro Azul, 800 feet, Panama.) Monasa similis Nelson, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 56, 1912, no. 37, p. 1. (Cerro Azul, 800 feet, Panama.) Eastern Panama: Cerro Azul, Rio Chepo. Monasa morphoeus pallescens Cassin Monasa pallescens Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1860, p. 134. (Rio Truando, Colombia.) Monasa pallescens minor Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 26, 1913, p. 67. (Marraganti, eastern Panama.) Panama from the Rio Chiman eastward ; northwestern Colombia in the Atrato and upper San Juan valleys. Monasa morphoeus sclateri Ridgway Monasa sclateri Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 25, 1912, p. 89. (Central Colombia; type a Bogota trade skin.) Northern Colombia in the lower Cauca and Magdalena valleys. Monasa morphoeus peruana Sclater Monasa peruana Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 23, 1855 (1856), p. 194. (Upper Amazon in eastern Peru; type from Chamicurros, Ucayali Valley.) Southeastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, and northwestern Brazil east to the Rio Negro and the lower Madeira. FAMILY BUCCONIDAE 23 Monasa morphoeus morphoeus (Hahn and Kuster) Bucco Morphoeus “Wagler’ Hahn and Kuster, Voeg. aus Asien, Afrika, Amerika and Neuholland, Lief. 14, 1823, pl. 2 and text. (Brazil.) Monasa rikeri Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 25, 1912, p. 88. (Diamantina, lower Amazon, Brazil.) Amazonian Brazil south of the Amazon from the Tapajoz to the Capim; occurring also in the states of Piaui, Goiaz, Baia, Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo and Rio de Janeiro. Monasa morphoeus boliviana Carriker Monasa morpheus [sic] bolivianus [sic] Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 87, 1935, p. 320. (Rurrenabaque, Rio Beni, Bolivia. ) Northeastern Bolivia (Rio Beni, Rio Coroico). Monasa flavirostris Strickland Monasa flavirostris Strickland, in Jardine’s Contr. Orn. for 1850, p. 47, pl. 48. (Pert.) Monasa axillaris Lafresnaye, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 2, April, 1850, p. 216. (Rio Negro.) Eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peri and western Brazil (Rio Negro, Rio Purus). GENus CHELIDOPTERA GouLp Chelidoptera Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 4, 1836 (1837), p. 81. Type, by monotypy, Lypornix tenebrosa Wag- ler = Cuculus tenebrosus Pallas. cf. Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 429-430. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1938, p. 319-320. Chelidoptera tenebrosa tenebrosa (Pallas) Cuculus tenebrosus Pallas, Neue Nordische Beytrage, 3, 1782, Pace plwl ta 1 (Surinam) Chelidoptera tenebrosa pallida Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., 1, 1913, p. 288. (Empalado Savannas, thirty miles east of Maracaibo, Venezuela.) Venezuela, the Guianas, eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, northern Bolivia, northern and central Brazil south to Mato Grosso, Goiaz and northwestern Baia. Chelidoptera tenebrosa brasiliensis Sclater Chelidoptera brasiliensis Sclater, Cat. Am. Bds., 1862, p. 275. (Southeastern Brazil.) 24 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Eastern and southeastern Brazil from Alagoas (possibly Per- nambuco) to Sao Paulo. SUPERFAMILY CAPITONOIDEA Famity CAPITONIDAE Genus CAPITO VIEILLOT Capito Vieillot, Analyze, 1816, p. 27. Type, by monotypy, Tamatia 4 téte et gorge rouges of Buffon = Bucco mer Peis Sa Muller. Parabarbatula Miranda Ribeiro, Arch. Mus. Nac. Rio de Ja- neiro, 28, 1926, p. 12, 13. Type, by monotypy, Parabarbatula dayi (Cherrie) = Capito dayi Cherrie. cf. Berlioz, Ois. et Rev. Franc. d’ Orn. (n.s.), 7, 1937, p. 231- 239: Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 335, 1928, p. 1-21. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 319- 324. Ripley, Auk, 62, 1945, p. 547-549. Capito aurovirens (Cuvier) Bucco aurovirens Cuvier, Regne Anim., nouv., éd., 1, 1829, p. 458. (Pert ex LeVaillant, Ois de Paradis, pl. E.) Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador and Pert; northwestern Brazil to the lower SolimGes. Capito maculicoronatus maculicoronatus Lawrence Capito maculicoronatus Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, 1861, p. 300. (Atlantic side of the Isthmus of Panama.) Western Panama from Veraguas to the Canal Zone. Capito maculicoronatus pirrensis Nelson Capito maculicoronatus pirrensis Nelson, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 1913, no. 21, p. 1. (Cana, 1800 feet, eastern Panama. ) Pacific slope of Darien and adjacent parts of northwestern Co- lombia (Rio Salaqui). Capito maculicoronatus melas Griscom Capito maculicoronatus melas Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 72, 1932, p. 340. (Puerto Obaldia, Caribbean slope of Darien, Panama. ) Caribbean slope of eastern Panama. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 25 Capito maculicoronatus rubrilateralis Chapman Capito maculicoronatus rubrilateralis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31, 1912, p. 144. (Juntas de Tamana, 800 feet, Colombia. ) Tropical zone of western Colombia south to Buenaventura. Capito squamatus Salvin Capito squamatus Salvin, Ibis, 1876, p. 494, pl. 14. (Santa Rita, Ecuador. ) Southwestern Colombia and western Ecuador. Capito hypoleucus Salvin Capito hypoleucus Salvin, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 7, 1897, p. xvi. (Valdivia, 3800 feet, Antioquia, Colombia. ) Lower Cauca—Magdalena region of Colombia. Capito dayi Cherrie Capito dayi Cherrie, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 1916, p. 394. (Porto Velho, near San Antonio, Rio Madeira, Brazil.) Western Brazil on the Rio Jamary, Rio Jaurt and Rio Madeira. Capito quinticolor Elliot Capito quinticolor Elliot, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 1, 1865, Bull., p. 76, pl. 4, fig. 1. (Colombia. ) Tropical zone of the Pacific Coast of Colombia; five specimens known. Capito niger niger (P. L. S. Miller) Bucco niger P. L. S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 89. (No locality = Cayenne, ex Buffon.) The Guianas, and northeastern Brazil north of the Amazon (Obidos, Rio Jamunda, Lago Cuipeva). Capito niger punctatus (Lesson) Bucco punctatus Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 3, 1830, p. 165. (No locality; Buenavista, Colombia suggested by Chapman, 1928, p. 10.) Capito auratus macintyrei Brodkorb, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, 52, 1939, p. 135. (Andoas, Rio Pastaza, Ecuador.) Capito auratus conjunctus Brodkorb, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, 52, 1939, p. 135. (Pozuzo, Pert.) Tropical zone at the eastern base of the Andes from Colombia (Buenavista) to Pertt (junction of the Ucayali and the Uru- bamba). 26 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Capito niger intermedius Berlepsch and Hartert Capito auratus intermedius Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 98. (Nericagua, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela. ) Known only from the Maipures region of the upper Orinoco. Capito niger aurantiicinctus Dalmas Capito auranticinctus Dalmas, Bull. Zool. Soc. France, 25, 1900, p. 177. (Rio Caura, Venezuela.) Venezuela from the right bank of the Orinoco near the mouth of the Caura, south to Mt. Duida. Capito niger auratus (Dumont) Bucco auratus Dumont, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd. Levrault, 4, 1816, p. 54. (Pert; Sarayagu [= Sarayacu], Rio Ucayali, suggested as the restricted type locality by Chapman, 1928, p. 5.) Tropical zone of the lower Rio Ucayali, Peru. Capito niger orosae Chapman Capito auratus orose Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 335, 1928, p. 3, 8. (Right bank of the Marafion near the mouth of the Orosa, Pert, opposite a point midway between Pebas and the mouth of the Napo.) Known only from the type locality and the Rio Eiri in western Brazil. Capito niger amazonicus Deville and Des Murs Capito amazonicus Deville and Des Murs, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 161,171. (Ega and Santa Maria, Brazil; Ega [now Tefé] fixed as type locality by Chapman, 1928, p. 7.) Capito aurantiiventris Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 25, 1912, p. 87. (From “an unknown locality in the upper Amazon valley”’.) Amazonian Brazil from Sao Paulo de Olivenga on the right bank of the SolimGes east to Tefé and south to the left bank of the Rio Purts (Hyutanahan). Capito niger transilens Friedmann Capito auratus transilens Friedmann, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, 58, 1945, p. 113. (Santa Isabel, Rio Negro, Amazonas, Brazil. ) Upper Rio Negro in Brazil. Capito niger nitidior Chapman Capito auratus nitidior Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 335, 1928, p. 3, 6. (Tonantins, left bank of the Rio Solimoes, below the mouth of the Putumayo, Brazil.) FAMILY CAPITONIDAE PAT Northwestern Brazil on the left bank of the Solimdes below its junction with the Putumayo; Rio Uaupés. Capito niger hypochondriacus Chapman Capito auratus hypochondriacus Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 335, 1928, p. 3, 15. (Manacapurt, left bank of the Soli- moes near its junction with the Rio Negro, Brazil.) Known only from the type locality. Capito niger novaolindae Chapman Capito auratus novaolinde Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 335, 1928, p. 3, 9. (Nova Olinda, left bank of the Rio Purts, Brazil.) Known only from the type locality. Capito niger arimae Chapman Capito auratus arime Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 335, 1928, p. 3,10. (Arima, right bank of the lower Rio Purts, Brazil.) Right bank of the lower Rio Purts from the Amazon to Arima. Capito niger insperatus Cherrie Capito auratus insperatus Cherrie, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 1916, p. 391. (Todos Santos, Rio Chaparé, Bolivia.) Humid tropical zone of Bolivia, west to southeastern Peru and north to Calama on the right bank of the Rio Madeira, Brazil. Capito niger bolivianus Ridgway Capito auratus bolivianus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, 25, 1912, p. 87. (Rio Beni,! Bolivia. ) Range unknown. Capito niger brunneipectus Chapman Capito brunneipectus Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 2, 1921, p.1. (Villa Braga, Rio Tapajoz, Brazil.) Rio Tapajoz, Brazil. Genus EUBUCCO BonaparTE Eubucco Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 142. Type by sub- sequent designation, Capito richardson G. R. Gray (G. R. Gray, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 91.) cf. Berlioz, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn. (n.s.), 7, 1937, p. 225- Z3ilu Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 324-325. 1 Locality probably erroneous, cf. Chapman, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 117, 1921, p. 74. 28 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Bievey Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 314— 319. Ripley, Auk, 62, 1945, p. 547-549 (part). Eubucco richardsoni richardsoni (G. R. Gray) Capito richardsoni G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 2, 1846, p. [430], pl. CVI. (No locality = Ecuador.) Capito granadensis Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 108 (in key), p. 115, pl. 5, f. 5. (Bogota, Colombia.) Tropical zone of eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, and eastern Peru north of the Marafion. Eubucco richardsoni nigriceps Chapman Eubucco richardsoni nigriceps Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 332, 1928, p. 7. (Junction of the Apiyacu and the Amazon, near Pebas, Peru.) Known only from the region near Pebas, Pert. Eubucco richardsoni aurantiicollis Sclater Eubucco aurantiicollis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 25, 1857 (1858), p. 267. (Rio Javari and Rio Ucayali, Pert.) Eastern Pert south of the Marafion, and western Brazil south of the Amazon, east to the Rio Madeira. Eubucco richardsoni coccineus Carriker Eubucco richardsoni coccineus Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 82, 1930, p. 367. (Puerto Yessup, Dept. Junin, Peru. ) Known only from the type locality in central Peru. Eubucco bourcierii salvini (Shelley) Capito salvini Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 108 (in key), p. 119, pl. 5, f. 4. (Costa Rica to Chiriqui.) Subtropical zone of Costa Rica and western Panama. Eubucco bourcierii anomalus Griscom Eubucco bourcieri anomalus Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 69, 1929, p. 163. (Cana, Darien.) Subtropical and upper tropical zone of eastern Panama. Eubucco bourcierii occidentalis Chapman Eubucco bourcieri occidentalis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, 1914, p. 608. (San Antonio, 6600 feet, Western Andes above Cali, Colombia.) Subtropical zone of the Western Andes of Colombia. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 29 Eubucco bourcierii bourcierii (Lafresnaye) Micropogon Bourcieru Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 179. (Bogota, Colombia.) = ¢ Micropogon Hartlaubu Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 180. (Bogota, Colombia.) = Subtropical zone of the eastern slope of the Central Andes and western slope of the Eastern Andes of Colombia. Eubucco bourcierii aequatorialis (Salvadori and Festa) Capito aequatorialis Salvadori and Festa, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, 15, 19 Feb., 1900, no. 368, p. 22. (Intac, Ecuador. ) Capito shelleyi Dalmas, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 25, Nov., 1900, p. 179. (Napo, Ecuador, error, probably = western Ecua- dor.) Subtropical zone of the western slope of the Andes in Ecuador. Eubucco bourcierii orientalis Chapman Eubucco bourciert orientalis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, 1914, p. 609. (Zamora, 2000 feet, Prov. Loja, Ecuador. ) Subtropical zone of the eastern slope of the Andes in Ecuador. Eubucco bourcierii tucinkae (Seilern) Capito tucinkae Seilern, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 11, 1913, p. 276. (Yahuarmayo, Carabaya, Pert.) Eastern slopes of the Andes in southeastern Peru. Eubucco versicolor steerii (Sclater) Capito steeru Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878, p. 140, pl. 12. (Moyobamba, Pert.) Northern Pert (Moyobamba, Nuevo Loreto, Vista Alegre, Huachipa). Eubucco versicolor glaucogularis (Tschudi) Capito glaucogularis Tschudi, Arch. Naturg., 10, 1844, Bd. 1, ps0 la Chenu) Central Peri (Chanchamayo) intergrading with E. v. versicolor in the Urubamba valley. Eubucco versicolor versicolor (P.L.S. Miller) Bucco versicolor P. L. S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 88. (Maynas, Peru.) Southern Pert and northwestern Bolivia. 30 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Genus SEMNORNIS RicHMonpb Tetragonops Anonymous = Jardine, Edinburgh New Philos. Journ. (ns.), 2, Oct., 1855, p. 404. Type, by monotypy, Tetragonops ramphastinus Jardine. Not Tetragonops Ger- stacker, Feb. or Mar. 1855, Coleoptera. Pan Richmond, Auk, 16, 1899, p. 77. New name to replace Tetragonops Jardine, preoccupied. Not Pan Oken, 1816, Mammalia. Semnornis Richmond, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 179. New name to re- place Pan Richmond, preoccupied. Dicrorhynchus Carriker, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6, 1910, p. 571. Type, by original designation and monotypy, Tetragonops frantzu Sclater. cf. Berlioz, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn. (n.s.), 7, 1937, p. 224-225. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 313 (in key), p. 324-327. Semnornis frantzii (Sclater) Tetragonops frantzii Sclater, Ibis, 1864, p. 371, pl. 10. (Near San José, Costa Rica.) Subtropical zone of Costa Rica and western Panama. Semnornis ramphastinus caucae Gyldenstolpe Semnornis ramphastinus caucae Gyldenstolpe, Ark. Zool., 33A, 1941, no. 6, p. 15. (La Costa, Cauca district, western slope of the Western Andes, Colombia.) Subtropical zone of the Western Andes of Colombia. Semnornis ramphastinus ramphastinus (Jardine) Tetragonops ramphastinus Anonymous = Jardine, Edinburgh New Philos. Journ. (n.s.), 2, 1855, p. 404. (Eastern Cor- dillera between Quito and Mt. Cayambe, Ecuador.) Subtropical zone of the Andes of Ecuador. Genus PSILOPOGON S. MULLER Psilopogon S. Miller, Tijdschr. Nat. Gesch. en Phys., 2, 1835, i Type, by monotypy, Psilopogon pyrolophus S. Mul- cf. Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 140. Robinson, Bds. Malay Pen., 2, 1928, p. 94-96, pl. 4. Psilopogon pyrolophus S. Miller Psilopogon pyrolophus S. Miller, Tijdschr. Nat. Gesch. en Phys., 2, 1835, p. 339, pl. VIII, f. 3. (Sumatra. ) FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 31 Bucco pyrolophus Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 101, 1836, pl. 597. (Sumatra. ) Hills of the main range of the Malay Peninsula from north of Perak to south of Selangor, and on the Larut Hills; Sumatra above 3000 feet. Genus MEGALAIMA G. R. Gray Megalaima G. R. Gray, Appendix to List Gen. Bds., 1842, p. 12. Type, by original designation and monotypy, Bucco grandis Gmelin = Bucco virens Boddaert. Megalema a Chotorea Bonaparte, Ateneo Italiano, 2, 1854, p. 127. (Consp. Vol. Zygodact., p. 12.) Type, by subsequent designation Bucco javensis Horsfield (G. R. Gray, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 90.) Megalema c Cyanops Bonaparte, Ateneo Italiano, 2, 1854, p. 127. (Consp. Vol. Zygodact., p. 12.) Type, by subsequent designa- tion, Bucco asiaticus Latham (G. R. Gray, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 90.) Megalema d Xantholema Bonaparte, Ateneo Italiano, 2, 1854, p. 127. (Consp. Vol. Zygodact., p. 12.) Type, by subsequent designation, Bucco philippensis Gmelin. (G. R. Gray, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 90.) Mezobucco Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 477. Type, by original desig- nation, M. duvauceli = Bucco duvaucelu Lesson. Thereiceryx Blanford, Ibis, 1893, p. 237. Type, by original des- ignation, Bucco zeylanicus Gmelin. cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 104— 130. Berlioz, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn. (n.s.), 7, 1936, p. 34-55. Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 134-140. Delacour and Jabouille, Ois. Indochine Frang., 2, 1931, p. 243-257. Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., 2, 1934, p. 228-230. Riley, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 172, 1938, p. 199-210. Ripley, Auk, 62, 1945, p. 550-555. Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 37, 1934, p. 515-518. Megalaima virens marshallorum (Swinhoe) Megalema Marshallorum Swinhoe, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 6, 1870, p. 348. (Himalayas. ) Northwestern Himalayas, between 3000 and 8000 feet, from Kashmir to Simla. 32 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Megalaima virens magnifica Stuart Baker Megalaima virens magnifica Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 47, 1926, p. 43. (Machi, Manipur.) Assam and the hills of northern Burma. Megalaima virens clamator Mayr Megalaima virens clamator Mayr, Ibis, 1941, p. 489. (Shweli- Salween divide, 8000 feet. ) Upper Burma in the Hpimaw Hills and the Shweli-Salween divide. Megalaima virens virens (Boddaert) Bucco virens Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 53. (China, ex Daubenton, pl. 871.) Eastern and southern China from southern Szechuan, Yunnan, Kiangsi and Chekiang, south to Tenasserim, northern Siam, Laos and northern Annam. Megalaima lagrandieri rothschildi (Delacour) Megalema lagrandieri rothschildi Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. CL, 47, 1927, p. 153. (Backan, Tonkin.) Tonkin, northern Annam and northern Laos. Megalaima lagrandieri lagrandieri J. Verreaux Megalaima Lagrandieri J. Verreaux, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, 4, 1868, Bull., p. 87, pl. 4. (Baria, Cochinchina. ) Southern Laos, central and southern Annam and Cochinchina. Megalaima zeylanica kangrae (Whistler) Thereiceryx zeylanicus kangrae Whistler, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 37, 1934, p. 516. (Ranital, 2000 feet, Kangra.) Western Himalayas from Kangra to Gahrwal. Megalaima zeylanica inornata Walden Megalaima inornata Walden, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 5, 1870, p. 219. (Malabar, Coorg, and Candeish. ) Western India from Mt. Abu and the Godavari River, south at least to Cannanore. Megalaima zeylanica caniceps (Franklin) Bucco caniceps Franklin, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, 1830-31 (1831), p. 121. (“On the Ganges between Calcutta and Benares, and in the Vindhyian Hills between the latter place and Gurrah Mundela on the Nerbudda.”’) Central and eastern India. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 33 Megalaima zeylanica zeylanica (Gmelin) Bucco Zeylanicus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 408. (Ceylon. ) Travancore and Ceylon. Megalaima zeylanica hodgsoni (Bonaparte) Megalaema hogdsoni [sic] Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 144. (Nepal.) Thereiceryx lineatus intermedius Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 39, 1918, p. 18. (Pahpoon, Burma.) The Himalayas from Mussoorie and Simla to eastern Assam, the Shan States and Annam, south to the Malay Peninsula, Siam, Cam- bodia and Cochinchina. Megalaima zeylanica lineata (Vieillot) © Capito lineatus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 4, 1816, p. 500. (“Australasie’, error = Java.) Java and Bali. Megalaima viridis (Boddaert) Bucco viridis Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 53. (Mahé, India, ex Daubenton, pl. 870.) Hill ranges of the southern part of the Indian Peninsula. Megalaima faiostricta praetermissa (Kloss) Thereiceryx flavostrictus [sic] pretermissus Kloss, Ibis, 1918, p. 101. (Southern China; type from Nanchan Island, Kwang- tung.) Thereiceryx faiostrictus pallidus Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1927, p. 154. (Backan, Tonkin.) Southern China and Tonkin. Megalaima faiostricta faiostricta (Temminck) Bucco fatostrictus Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 88, 1831, pl. 527. (Cochinchina. ) Cyanops faiostricta saigonensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 23, 1908, p. 31. (Saigon, Cochinchina. ) Siam and the greater part of French Indochina (except Tonkin). Megalaima corvina (Temminck) Bucco corvinus Temminck, PI. col., livr. 88, 1831 pl. 522. (Java, Sumatra and Borneo, = Java.) Java. 34 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD ?Megalaima chrysopogon laeta (Robinson and Kloss) Chotorhea chrysopogon subsp. laetus Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Fed. Malay States Mus., 8, 1918, p. 141. (Bukit Tangga, Negri Sembilan, Malay Peninsula.) Peninsular Siam from about lat. 11° 40’ N. southward over the Malay Peninsula. Doubtfully distinct from M. c. chrysopogon. Megalaima chrysopogon chrysopogon (Temminck) Bucco chrysopogon Temminck, PI. col., livr. 48, 1824, pl. 285. (Sumatra. ) Sumatra. Megalaima chrysopogon chrysopsis Goffin Megalaima chrysopsis Goffin, Mus Pays-Bas, 1, 1863, Buccones, p. 15. (Borneo.) Borneo. Megalaima rafflesii malayensis (Chasen) Chotorhea rafflesti malayensis Chasen, Orn. Monatsb., 43, 1935, p. 147. (Pulau Ubin, near Singapore.) Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula. Megalaima rafflesii rafflesii 1 (Lesson) Bucco Rafflesu Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1839., p. 137. (Sumatra. ) Sumatra, Banka. Megalaima rafflesii billitonis (Chasen) Chotorhea raffiesu billitonis Chasen, Orn. Monatsb., 43, 1935, p. 147. (Billiton Island.) Islands of Billiton and Mendanau. Megalaima rafflesii borneensis (W. Blasius) Chotorea versicolor (Raffl.) v. n. borneensis W. Blasius, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 33, 1883, p. 25. (Southeastern Borneo. ) Borneo. Megalaima mystacophanos mystacophanos (Temminck) Bucco mystacophanos Temminck, PI. col., livr. 53, 1824, pl. 315. (Sumatra. ) Cyanops mystacophanes auranttifrons Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 3, 1919, p. 100. (Nong Kok, Ghirbi, Peninsular Siam.) Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra. 1Replaces Bucco versicolor Raffles, 1821, not Bucco versicolor P.L.S. Miller, 1776. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 35 Megalaima mystacophanos humii (Marshall and Marshall) Megalaema humii C. H. T. and G. F. L. Marshall, Ibis, 1870, p. 536. (Borneo.) Borneo. Megalaima mystacophanos ampala (Oberholser) Chotorea mystacophanes ampala Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 1912, no. 7, p. 6. (Tana Bala Island, Batu Islands.) Batu Islands. Megalaima javensis (Horsfield) Bucco Javensis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, p. 181. (Java.) Java. Megalaima flavifrons (Cuvier) Bucco flavifrons Cuvier, Régne Anim., 1817 (1816), p. 428, note 2. (Ceylon. Based on LeVaillant, Ois. de Paradis, pl. 55.) Ceylon. Megalaima franklinii franklinii (Blyth) Bucco Franklinu Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 11, pt. 1, 1842, p. 167. (Darjeeling. ) Cyanops franklint tonkinensis Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1927, p: 153.) (an) Dao; Monkin:) At elevations between 2000 and 6000 feet in the mountains of Nepal, Sikkim, northern Burma, southern Yunnan, Tonkin, north- ern Laos and northern Annam. Megalaima franklinii ramsayi (Walden) Megalema Ramsayi Walden, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 15, 1875, p. 400. (2000-4000 feet, Karenni Hills.) Mountains of the Southern Shan States, Burma from Karenni to Muleyit, northern and western Siam. Megalaima franklinii auricularis (Robinson and Kloss) Cyanops franklini auricularis Robinson and Kloss, Ibis, 1919, p. 428. (Langbian Peaks, 5500-6500 feet, Annam.) Mountains of southern Laos and southern Annam. Megalaima franklinii trangensis (Riley) Cyanops franklini trangensis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 47, 1934, p. 116. (Kao Nom Plu, 3000 feet, Trang, Siam.) Mountains of Peninsular Siam. 36 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Megalaima franklinii minor (Kloss and Chasen) Cyanops franklint minor Kloss and Chasen, Bull. Brit. Orn. CL, 46, 1926, p. 57. (Gunong Ijan, 4700 feet, Perak, Malay States. ) Mountains of the Malay Peninsula. Megalaima oorti oorti (S. Muller) Bucco Oorti S. Miller, Tijdschr. Nat. Gesch. en Phys., 2, 1835, p. 341, pl. VIII, f. 4. (Sumatra.) Mountains of the Malay Peninsula and of Sumatra. Megalaima oorti annamensis (Robinson and Kloss) Cyanops oorti annamensis Robinson and Kloss, Ibis, 1919, p. 428. (Dalat, 5000 feet, Annam. ) Langbian Plateau in southern Annam and Bolovens Plateau, southern Laos. Megalaima oorti nuchalis (Gould) Megalema nuchalis Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1862 (1863), p. 283. (Formosa.) Formosa. Megalaima oorti faber (Swinhoe) Megalema faber Swinhoe, Ibis, 1870, p. 96, pl. 4, f. 1. (Hai- nan. ) Hainan. Megalaima oorti sini (Stresemann) Cyanops faber sini Stresemann, Journ. f. Orn., 77, 1929, p. 336. (Mountains of northern Kwangsi, 2000-3500 feet.) Mountains of southeastern China in Province of Kwangsi. Megalaima asiatica asiatica (Latham) Trogon asiaticus Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 201. (India = Calcutta, fide Stuart Baker.) Northern India from Mussoorie and Kashmir eastward to As- sam, south to Burma and the Northern Shan States. Megalaima asiatica rubescens (Stuart Baker) Cyanops rubescens Stuart Baker, Nov. Zool., 3, 1896, p. 257. (Highest ranges in the east of the Cachar Hills.) Confined to the higher hills of Assam south of the Brahmaputra; Manipur, Lushai, Khasia and Cachar Hills in Burma.! 1 Apparently an erythristic population occurring within the range of C. a. asiatica, but at higher elevations. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 37 Megalaima asiatica davisoni Hume Megalaima Davisoni Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 5, 1877, p. 108. (Meetan, Tenasserim. ) Cyanops davisoni laurentu Wells, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 43, 1923, p. 174. (Yuen Chang [150 miles south of Yunnanfu], Yun- nan. ) Southern Shan States, Karenni, Tenasserim, Siam, southeastern Yunnan, Kwangsi, Tonkin, northern Laos and northern Annam. Megalaima asiatica chersonesus (Kloss and Chasen) Cyanops asiatica chersonesus Kloss and Chasen, Bull Brit. Orn. Cl., 48, 1927, p. 46. (Khao Luang, Nakawn Sritamarat, 4500 feet, Peninsular Siam.) Mountains of Peninsular Siam. Megalaima asiatica monticola (Sharpe) Cyanops monticola Sharpe, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), 3, 1889, p. 424. (Mt. Kina Balu, Borneo.) Mountains of northern Borneo. Megalaima incognita incognita Hume Megalaima incognita Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 2, 1874, p. 442. (25 miles north of Yea and Karope, Tenas- serim. ) Tenasserim. Megalaima incognita euroa (Deignan) Cyanops incognita euroa Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., 29, 1939, p. 177. (Khao Sa Bap, Chantabun, Siam.) Southeastern Siam, Laos, Tonkin, Annam and Cambodia. Megalaima henricii henricii (Temminck) Bucco henricii Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 88, 1831, pl. 524. (Sumatra. ) Peninsular Siam and the Malay States; Sumatra. Megalaima henricii brachyrhyncha (Neumann) Cyanops henricu brachyrhyncha Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 23, 1908, p. 30. (Batulang, Baram River, Borneo.) Borneo, except mountains of northwestern part. Megalaima armillaris armillaris (Temminck) Bucco armillaris Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 15, 1821, pl. 89, f. 1. (Java. ) Western and central Java. 38 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Megalaima armillaris baliensis (Rensch) Cyanops armillaris baliensis Rensch, Orn. Monatsb., 36, 1928, p. 80. (Gitgit, Bali.) Eastern Java and Bali. Megalaima pulcherrima (Sharpe) Megalema pulcherrima Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 393, pl. 11, f. 2. (Mt. Kina Balu, Borneo.) Mountains of northwestern Borneo. Megalaima robustirostris (Stuart Baker) Cyanops robustirostris Stuart Baker, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 10, 1896, p. 356, pl. F.1. (North Cachar Hills.) North Cachar. Megalaima australis cyanotis (Blyth) Bucco cyanotis Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 16, pt. 1, 1847, p. 465. (Arakan.) Mesobucco duvaugli [sic] orientalis Robinson, Ibis, 1915, p. 738. (Ok Yam, Cambodia-Siam border. ) Cyanops australis invisa Deignan, Auk, 58, 1941, p. 398. (Pang Ma:kham Phong, foot of Doi Pha, Sa:kaeng, Siam.) Sikkim, Assam, Burma south to northern Tenasserim, Laos and Annam, Siam, Cambodia and Cochinchina. Megalaima australis stuarti (Robinson and Kloss) Mesobucco duvauceli stuarti Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 3, 1919, p. 100. (Klong Tung Sai, Junk Seylon, Siam.) Peninsular Burma and Siam. Megalaima australis duvaucelii (Lesson) Bucco Duvauceliit Lesson, Traité d’ Orn., livr. 3, 1830, p. 164. (Sumatra. ) Megalaema duvauceli borneonensis Parrot, Abh. K. Bayerischen Akad. Wiss., Math.-Phys. K1., 22, 1907, p. 171. (Borneo.) Cyanops duvauceli robinsoni Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 39, 1918, p. 20. (Klang, southern Malay Peninsula. ) Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Banka, Borneo. Megalaima australis gigantorhinus (Oberholser) Mezobucco duvaucelii gigantorhinus Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 1912, no. 7, p.6. (Lafau, Nias Island.) Nias Island. 1 The plate is lettered Mezobucco robustirostris. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 39 Megalaima australis tanamassae (de Schauensee) Mezobucco duvauceli tanamassae de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 81, 1929, p. 521. (Pulo Tana Massa, Batu Islands.) Batu Islands. Megalaima australis australis (Horsfield) Bucco australis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, p. 181. (Java.) Java. Megalaima australis hebereri (Rensch) Xantholaema australis hebererit Rensch, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 16, 1930, p. 532. (Gitgit, Bali.) Bali. Megalaima eximia eximia (Sharpe) Mesobucco eximius Sharpe, Ibis, 1892, p. 324, 441, pl. 11. (Mt. Dulit, Borneo. ) Mountains of Sarawak, Borneo. Megalaima eximia cyanea (Harrisson and Hartley) Mesobucco duvauceliu cyaneus Harrisson and Hartley, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 54, 1934, p. 151. (Mt. Kina Balu, Borneo.) Confined to Mt. Kina Balu, Borneo. Megalaima rubricapilla malabarica (Blyth) Bucco malabaricus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 16, pt. 1, 1847, p. 465. (Malabar.) Xantholaema haemacephala confusa Koelz, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 52, 1939, p. 78. (Londa, Bombay Presidency.) Western coast of India from Goa to southern Travancore. Megalaima rubricapilla rubricapilla (Gmelin) Bucco rubricapillus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 408. (Ceylon. ) Ceylon. Megalaima haemacephala indica (Latham) Bucco indicus Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 205. (Calcutta. ) Bucco luteus Lesson, Traite d’ Orn., livr. 3, 1830) p. 163: (Pondicherry. ) Northwestern India, Nepal, Sikkim, Assam, southern Yunnan, and Laos, south over the whole of the Indian Peninsula (except area occupied by malabarica.), to the northern Malay States, Siam, Cambodia and Cochinchina ; Ceylon. 40 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Megalaima haemacephala delica (Parrot) Megalaema haemacephala delica Parrot, Abh. K. Bayerischen Akad. Wiss., Math.-Phys. Kl., 22, 1907, p. 169. (Deli, Sumatra. ) Sumatra. Megalaima haemacephala rosea (Dumont) Bucco roseus Dumont, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd. Levrault, 4, 1816, p. 52. (No locality = Java, ex Levaillant, Ois. de Paradis, pl. 33») Java and Bali. Megalaima haemacephala haemacephala (P. L. S. Miller) Bucco haemacephalus P. L. S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 88. (Philippine Islands.) Philippine Islands: Luzon, Mindoro, Samar, Leyte, Mindanao. Megalaima haemacephala intermedia (Shelley) Xantholema intermedia Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 88 (in key), p. 97. (Negros and Cebu, Philippine Islands.) Philippine Islands: Tablas, Romblon, Masbate, Guimaras, Ne- gros, Cebu. Genus CALORHAMPHUS Lesson Calorhamphus Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1839, p. 138. Type, by mono- typy, Calorhamphus sanguinolentus Lesson = Bucco hayu J. E. Gray. cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 1o2= 104. Berlioz, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’ Orn. (n.s.), 6, 1936, p. 33-34. Calorhamphus fuliginosus hayii (J. E. Gray) Bucco Hayu J. E. Gray, Zool. Misc., 1831, p. 33. (Molucca = Malacca. ) Southern Tenasserim and Peninsular Siam, southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra. Calorhamphus fuliginosus fuliginosus (Temminck) Mycropogon fuliginosus Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 83, 1830. (West coast of Borneo, i.e. Pontianak.) Borneo (except northern). Calorhamphus fuliginosus tertius Chasen and Kloss Calorhamphus fuliginosus tertius Chasen and Kloss, Journ. f. Orn., Erganzungb. II, 1929, p.110. (Bettotan, near Sandakan, British North Borneo. ) Northern Borneo. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 4] GENUS GYMNOBUCCO BoNnaPARTE Gymnobucco Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 141. Type, by monotypy, Bucco calvus Lafresnaye. Heliobucco Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. Type, by original desig- nation and monotypy, H. bonapartii = Gymnobucco bona- partet Hartlaub. cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 379-384. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 510-519. Gymnobucco calvus calvus (Lafresnaye) Bucco calvus Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1841, p. 241. (Locality unknown = Ashanti.) Forests of West Africa from Sierra Leone to Southern Nigeria. Gymnobucco calvus major Neumann Gymnobucco calvus major Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 68, 1920, p. 80. (Buea, Cameroons. ) Cameroon Mountain to Gaboon. Gymnobucco calvus congicus Chapin Gymnobucco calvus congicus Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 570, 1932, p.5. (Thysville, Lower Congo district, Belgian Congo.) Gallery forests of the lower Congo and northern Angola. Gymnobucco calvus vernayi Boulton Gymnobucco calvus vernayi Boulton, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 21, 1931, p. 44. (Mombolo, 6000 feet, district of Cuanza Sul, Angola.) Highlands of Benguella. Gymnobucco peli Hartlaub Gymnobucco Peli Hartlaub, Syst. Orn. Westafr., 1857, p. 175. (Dabocrom, Gold Coast. ) Gold Coast Colony, Southern Nigeria, Cameroons and Gaboon. Gymnobucco sladeni Ogilvie-Grant Gymnobucco sladeni Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907, p. 42. (Mawambi, Congo Forest. ) Gymnobucco adolfi-friederict Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1908, p. 160. (Forest north of Beni, Upper Congo.) Upper Congo forests from the Ubangi River eastward to the Semliki valley and south to the Kasai. 42 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Gymnobucco bonapartei bonapartei Hartlaub Gymnobucco Bonapartei Verr. Hartlaub, Journ. f. Orn., 2, 1854, p. 410. (Gaboon.) Western Cameroons and Gaboon eastward to the Ituri Forest and south to Kwamouth and the Kasai district. Gymnobucco bonapartei intermedius van Someren Gymnobucco bonapartei intermedius van Someren, Bull Brit. Orn. Cl., 41, 1921, p. 105. (Mabira Forest, Uganda.) Eastern borders of the upper Congo Forest from the Bomu River to the forest patches of the Bahr el Ghazal, Uganda, base of Mt. Ruwenzori, the Rutshuru Valley and the highlands east of Lake Tanganyika and thence to the Lulua district. Gymnobucco bonapartei cinereiceps Sharpe Gymnobucco cinereiceps Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 122. (Mt. Elgon, East Africa.) Western Kenya Colony from Mt. Elgon to Nandi. Genus SMILORHIS SunpDeEvVALL Smilorhis Sundevall, Meth. Nat. Av. Disp. Tent., 1872, p. 75. Type, by monotypy, Megalaema leucotis Sundevall. cf. Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, 1903, p. 142, spp. nos. 702, 703, 704. Sclater, Syst. Av. Ethiop., pt. 1, 1924, p. 278-279. Smilorhis leucotis kenyae Bowen Smilorhis leucotis kenye Bowen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel- phia, 82, 1930, p. 3. (Meru, Kenya Colony.) jean of southern and central Kenya Colony (Meru, Nai- robi). Smilorhis leucotis kilimensis Shelley Smilorhis kilimensis Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 477 (Kilimanjaro district ; type from Taveta, Kenya Colony.) Southern Kenya Colony (Taveta) and the Kilimanjaro district iP Tanganyika Territory, south to the Usambara and Magrotto ts. Smilorhis leucotis leucogrammicus (Reichenow) Buccanodon leucogrammicum Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 23, 1915, p. 90. (Sanyi, Mahenge, Tanganyika Territory. ) Tanganyika Territory in the Uluguru Mts. and the Rufiji Valley. Smilorhis leucotis leucotis (Sundevall) Megalema leucotis Sundevall, Géfv. Vet.-Akad. Forhandl., 7, 1850, p. 109. (Lower Caffraria i.e. Natal.) FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 43 Shire highlands of Nyasaland south to Zululand and Natal. Smilorhis leucotis bocagei (Sousa) Barbatula Bocagei Sousa, Jorn. Sci. Math. Phys. e Nat., Acad. Real Sci. Lisboa, 11, 1886, p. 158. (Caconda, Benguella.) Angola. Genus STACTOLAEMA MarsHALL AND MARSHALL Stactolema C. H. T. and G. F. L. Marshall, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 118. Type, by original designation and monotypy, S. enchiete = Buccanodon anchietae Bocage. cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 384-385. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 507-509. Jackson and Sclater, Bds. Kenya Col. and Uganda Prot. 2, 1938, p. 710-711 (part, olivacea only). Stactolaema olivacea olivacea (Shelley) Barbatula olivacea Shelley, Ibis, 1880, p. 334, pl. 7. (Rabbai, near Mombasa, Kenya Colony.) Coastal forests of Kenya Colony from the mouth of the Tana River southward, and mountains of Tanganyika Territory (Usam- bara, Uluguru, Rungwe and Poroto Mts.). Stactolaema olivacea woodwardi Shelley Stactolema woodwardi Shelley, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl, 5, 1895, p. iii. (Zululand; type from Echowe.) Extreme southeastern Tanganyika Territory ; Zululand. Stactolaema olivacea belcheri (Sclater) Buccanodon belcheri Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1927, p. 85. (Cholo Mt., 4500 feet, Nyasaland. ) Nyasaland and northern Portuguese East Africa. Stactolaema anchietae rex (Neumann) Buccanodon anchiete rex Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 47. (Duque de Braganza, Angola.) Bailundu district of Angola to the upper Cuango River. Stactolaema anchietae anchietae (Bocage) Buccanodon anchietae Bocage, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1869, p. 436, pl. 29. (Caconda, Benguella.) Benguella highlands and the southern Kasai. 44, CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Stactolaema anchietae katangae (Vincent) Buccanodon anchete katange Vincent, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 54, 30 June, 1934, p. 176. (Kaluli River, 3000 feet, Katanga Province, Belgian Congo.) Southern Belgian Congo from eastern Lulua district through the upper Katanga, extending into northern Rhodesia. Stactolaema whytii stresemanni (Grote) Buccanodon anchietae stresemanni Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 42, 5 June, 1934, p. 86. (Kitungulu-Urungu, Tanganyika Terri- tory.) Region about the southern end of Lake Tanganyika. Stactolaema whytii whytii (Shelley) Smilorhis whyti Shelley, Ibis, 1893, p. 11, pl. 1. (Zomba, Nyasaland. ) Region southeast of Lake Nyasa. Stactolaema whytii sowerbyi Sharpe Stactolema sowerbyi Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl, 7, 1898, p. xxxvi. (Mashonaland, 1.e. Fort Chiquaqua, ex Ibis, 1898, iO) BZ) Angoniland and Mashonaland north to southern Nyasaland (Mzimbaboma). Stactolaema whytii buttoni (White) Buccanodon sowerbyi buttont White, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 65, 1945, p. 18. (Ndola, Northern Rhodesia. ) Known only from the vicinity of the type locality. GeENuS POGONIULUS Larresnave! Pogoniulus Lafresnaye, Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat., 2, 1844 (1842), p. 463. Type, by original designation, Barbion de Levaillant (Bucco parvus Gmel.) [1.e. Bucco parvus auct., not of Gmelin] = Bucco pusillus Dumont.? Buccanodon Hartlaub, Syst. Orn. Westafr., 1857, p. 171. Type, by monotypy, Barbatula duchaillui Cassin. Viridibucco Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 28, 1905, p. 825, 865. Type, by original designation, Barbatula leucomystax Sharpe. 1 Replaces Barbatula Lesson, 1837, preoccupied. 2 Bucco nanus Boddaert, 1783, and Bucco parvus Gmelin, 1788, are based chiefly on the “Barbu du Sénégal” of Daubenton, Pl. enlum. no. 746, f. 2. I am unable to recognize in Daubenton’s figure any of the so-called African “tinker birds”; nor are either of the names based on his figure in current use. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 45 Micropogonius (subgenus) Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 221. Type, by original designation and monotypy, Megalaema bilineata Sundevall. Microbucco Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 10, 1924, p. 86. New name for Micropogonius Roberts, supposedly pre- occupied. Barbatulides Strand, Arch. Naturg., 92, Abth. A, 1928, Heft 8, p. 57. New name for Barbatula Lesson, 1837. Not Bar- batula Linck 1790, Pisces. cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 386-399. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 492-507. Friedmann, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 451-457. Jackson and Sclater, Bds. Kenya Col. and Uganda Prot., 2, 1938, p. 712-722. Ripley, Auk, 62, 1945, p. 558-560. Pogoniulus duchaillui duchaillui (Cassin) Barbatula Duchaillui Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel- phia 7, 1855 (1856), p. 324. (Moonda River, Gaboon.) Buccanodon ugandae Reichenow, Sitzungsb. Deutsche Orn. Ges., Jan., 1892. (Mengo, Uganda.) West African forest belt from Sierra Leone and Gaboon east- ward through the Uelle district and the Semliki Valley to Uganda and Kavirondo. Pogoniulus duchaillui gabriellae (Bannerman) Buccanodon duchaillui gabrielle Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. CL. 44, 1924, p. 100. (Pangala, 80 miles northwest of Brazza- ville, French Congo.) Known only from the type locality in southern French Congo, but perhaps occurs in the Mayombe Forest of the Belgian Congo. Pogoniulus scolopaceus scolopaceus (Bonaparte) Xylobucco scolopaceus Temm. Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 141. (Ashanti.) West Africa from Sierra Leone to Calabar. Pogoniulus scolopaceus stellatus (Jardine and Fraser) Bucco stellatus Jardine and Fraser, in Jardine’s Contr. Orn. for 1851 (1852), p. 155. (Clarence, Fernando Po.) Island of Fernando Po. 1 Although not so stated, apparently Micropogonias Bonaparte, 1831, Pisces, was the name Dr. Roberts had in mind. 46 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Pogoniulus scolopaceus flavisquamatus (Verreaux and Ver- reaux ) Barbatula flavisquamata J. and E. Verreaux, Journ. f. Orn., 3, 1855, p. 101. (Cape Lopez, Gaboon.) Southern Cameroons, Gaboon and French Congo, eastward to the Uelle, the Semliki valley, the Manyema and the Kasai. Pogoniulus scolopaceus aloysii (Salvadori) Xylobucco Aloysii Salvadori, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, 21, 1906, no. 542, p. 2. (near Entebbe, Uganda.) Uganda and western Kenya Colony. Pogoniulus scolopaceus flavior Ripley Pogoniulus scolopaceus angolensis Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 53, 1933, p. 184. (Ndala Tando, Angola.) Pogoniulus scolopaceus friedmanni Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 398, in text. Nomen nudum, lapsus for ango- lensis. Pogoniulus scolopaceus flavior Ripley, Auk, 62, 1945, p. 560 and note. New name for P. s. angolensis Bannerman, not Viridibucco coryphaea angolensis Boulton. Northern Angola. Pogoniulus leucomystax leucomystax (Sharpe) Barbatula leucomystax Sharpe, Ibis, 1892, p. 310. (Sotik, Kenya Colony.) Inland districts of Kenya Colony from Mt. Elgon to Sotik and southward through the interior of Tanganyika Territory to western Nyasaland. Pogoniulus leucomystax chyulu (van Someren) Viridibucco leucomystax chyulu van Someren, Journ. E. Afr. and Uganda Nat. Hist. Soc., 14, 1939, p. 43. (Chyulu Hills, Kenya Colony.) Chyulu Hills, Kenya Colony. Pogoniulus simplex (Fischer and Reichenow) Barbatula simplex Fischer and Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 32, 1884, p. 180. (Massailand = Pangani River, Tanganyika Territory, ex Vog. Afr., 2, 1903, p. 146.) Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory from south of Mom- basa to southern Nyasaland ; Island of Zanzibar. Pogoniulus coryphaeus coryphaeus (Reichenow) Barbatula coryphaea Reichenow, Sitzungsb. Deutsche Orn. Ges. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 47 19 Feb., 1892; Journ. f. Orn., 40, April, 1892, p. 181, pl. 2, f. 2. (Buea, 950 met., Cameroon Mt.) Highlands of northern and western Cameroons. Pogoniulus coryphaeus hildamariae (Sclater) Viridibucco coryphaea jacksoni Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 51, 1930, p. 16. (Kanyango, 4500 feet, Toro, Uganda.) Not Barbatula jacksoni Sharpe, 1897. Barbatula hildamarie Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 55, 1934, p. 24. (New name “for B. jacksoni Sclater, 1930, not Sharpe, 1SO7) 4 Viridibucco coryphaea hildamariae Sclater, in Jackson, Bds. Kenya Coi. and Uganda Prot., 2, 1938, p. 714. First valida- tion of nomen nudum. Highlands of the eastern Congo and western Uganda. Pogoniulus coryphaeus angolensis (Boulton) Viridibucco coryphea angolensis Boulton, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 21, 1931, p. 46. (Mombolo, 6000 feet, district of Cuanza Sul, Angola.) Benguella Plateau. Pogoniulus pusillus uropygialis (Heuglin) Barbatula uropygialis Heuglin, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 37. (Ain Saba, Eritrea.) Eritrea, Bogosland, the greater part of Ethiopia and northern Somaliland. Pogoniulus pusillus affinis (Reichenow) Barbatula affinis Reichenow, Orn. Centralbl., 4, 1879, p. 114. (Kipini, Kenya Colony.) Barbatula pusillus lollesheid van Someren, Journ. E. Afr. and Uganda Nat. Hist. Soc., no. 37, 1931, p. 193. (Seremli, Juba River, Italian Somaliland. ) From the Turkwell River, Lake Rudolf, the North Guaso Nyiro and southern Somaliland, south to northern Tanganyika Terri- tory. Pogoniulus pusillus eupterus Grote Pogoniulus pusillus eupterus Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 36, 1928, p. 78. (Ukerewe Island, Lake Victoria.) The parts of Uganda, Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory lying northeast and south of Lake Victoria. 1Clearly a nomen nudum under Opinion no. 138 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 48 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Pogoniulus pusillus pusillus (Dumont) Bucco pusillus Dumont, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd. Levrault, 4, 1816, p. 50. (Sandag [1.e. Sunday] River, Swart Kop River and in the Karrou, Cape Province.) Southeastern Africa from Swaziland to Algoa Bay. Pogoniulus chrysoconus chrysoconus (Temminck) Bucco chrysoconus Temminck, PI. col., livr. 90, 1832, pl. 536, f. 2. (Galam, Senegal.) Arid belt from Senegal, Gambia and Portuguese Guinea east- ward through the northern territories of Gold Coast and Nigeria to the Benue River. Pogoniulus chrysoconus schubotzi (Reichenow) Barbatula chrysocoma schubotzi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 20, 1912, p. 28. (Fort Archambault, French Sudan.) Barbatula chrysocoma pallida Wettstein, Anz. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. K1., 53, 1916, p. 132. (Kordofan.) The Sahara from Air through Darfur to the Bahr el Ghazal. Pogoniulus chrysoconus centralis (Reichenow) Barbatula centralis Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 8, 1900, p. 40. (Njangabo, west of Lake Albert.) Savannas of the Ubangi and Uelle Rivers eastward through Uganda to Kavirondo. Pogoniulus chrysoconus zedlitzi (Neumann) Barbatula chrysocoma gedlitzi Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. CL, 231908; ps 302 CSennar,) Eastern Sudan in the valleys of the White and Blue Niles. Pogoniulus chrysoconus schoanus (Neumann) Barbatula chrysocoma schoana Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 52, 1904, p. 391. (Dodgit, Metscha Province, Ethiopia.) Shoa. Pogoniulus chrysoconus xanthostictus (Blundell and Lovat) Barbatula xanthosticta Blundell and Lovat, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, 1899, p. xxi. (Chellia, Ethiopia.) Highlands of central and southern Ethiopia. Pogoniulus chrysoconus rhodesiae C. H. B. Grant Pogoniulus chrysoconus rhodesie C. H. B. Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1915, p. 100. (Chambezi Valley, northeastern Rhodesia. ) FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 49 Belgian Congo from the Ruzizi River south to northeastern Rhodesia and northern Nyasaland. Pogoniulus chrysoconus extoni (Layard) Barbatula extoni Layard, Ibis, 1871, p. 226. (Kanye, lat. 24° 50’ S., long. 25° 40’ E., Bechuanaland.) Southern Angola and southeastern Nyasaland south to northern Damaraland and western Transvaal. Pogoniulus chrysoconus mayri White Pogoniulus chrysoconus mayri White, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 66, 1946, p. 43. (Dundu, Angola.) The Kasai district of the Belgian Congo, south along the Kasai to northeastern Angola. Pogoniulus bilineatus sharpei (Ogilvie-Grant) Barbatula sharpei Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 29 June, 1907, p. 108. (Cape Coast Castle, Gold Coast.) Barbatula leucolaima togoensis Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 55, July, 1907, p. 347. (Togoland.) West Africa from Gambia to southern Nigeria. Pogoniulus bilineatus leucolaima (Verreaux and Verreaux) Barbatula leucolaima J. and E. Verreaux, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 3, June, 1851, p. 263. (Gaboon.) Lower Guinea from Cameroon Mt. and the Genderu Mts. south through Cameroons and Gaboon to central Angola, eastward through the upper Congo and the Kasai to the Uelle district and the Semliki Valley. Pogoniulus bilineatus poensis (Alexander) Barbatula poensis Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 23, 1908, p. 15. (Moka, Fernando Po.) Island of Fernando Po. Pogoniulus bilineatus mfumbiri (Ogilvie-Grant) Barbatula mfumbiri Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 29 June, 1907, p. 107. (Mfumbiro Volcano, 6000 feet, Belgian Congo. ) Barbatula leucolaima nyanse Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 55, July, 1907, p. 347. (Bukoba, Tanganyika Territory.) Mountain forests along the eastern Congo border from Mt. Ruwenzori to Uganda and the highlands northwest of Lake Tanganyika. 30 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Pogoniulus bilineatus urungensis (Reichenow) Barbatula leucolaema urungensis Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 23, 1915, p. 91. (Kitungula, Ufipa district, southern end of Lake Tanganyika. ) Region about the southern end of Lake Tanganyika and west- ward to Dilolo. Pogoniulus bilineatus jacksoni (Sharpe) Barbatula jacksoni Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 7, 1897, p. vit. (Mau, Kenya Colony.) Barbatula kandti Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 11, 1903, p. 23. (Lake Kivu, type from Idjwi Island.) Mt. Elgon and the highlands of Kenya Colony west of the Rift Valley ; Idjwi Island in Lake Kivu. Pogoniulus bilineatus alius Friedmann Pogoniulus bilineatus alius Friedmann, Auk, 47, 1930, p. 86 (Nairobi, Kenya Colony.) Highlands of Kenya Colony east of the Rift Valley. Pogoniulus bilineatus fischeri (Reichenow) Barbatula Fischeri Reichenow, Orn. Centralbl., 5, 1880, p. 181. (East Africa = Zanzibar, ex Journ. f. Orn., 33, 1885, p. 125.) Pogoniulus bilineatus rovumensis Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 43, 1935, p. 53. (Mikindani, Rovuma River, Tanganyika Ter- ritory. ) Coastlands of Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory from Takaungu to the Rovuma River; islands of Zanzibar and Mafia. Pogoniulus bilineatus conciliator Friedmann Pogoniulus bilineatus conciliator Friedmann, Proc. New Eng- land Zool. Cl., 11, 1929, p. 36. (Nyange, Uluguru Mts. Tanganyika Territory.) Tanganyika Territory in the Uluguru Mts. Pogoniulus bilineatus bilineatus (Sundevall) Megalema bilineata Sundevall, CEfv. Vet.-Akad. Forhandl., 7, 1850, p. 109. (“Caffraria inferiore” ; type from the Umlazi River, Natal.) Eastern Rhodesia, Nyasaland and Mozambique, south to Trans- vaal and Natal. Pogoniulus subsulphureus chrysopygus (Shelley) Barbatula chrysopyga Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 477. (Gold Coast.) West Africa from French Guinea and Sierra Leone to the Gold Coast (Volta River). FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 51 Pogoniulus subsulphureus flavimentum (Verreaux and Ver- reaux ) Barbatula flavimentum J. and E. Verreaux, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 3, 1851, p. 262. (Gaboon.) Barbatula subsulphurea ituriensis Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 55, 1907, p. 344. (Kitima, Ituri River.) Southern Nigeria eastward across Cameroons and the Congo forest to the Ituri River and the forests of Uganda, south to Gaboon, the lower Congo and the Kasai. Pogoniulus subsulphureus subsulphureus (Fraser) Bucco subsulphureus Fraser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 11, 1843, p. 3. (Clarence, Fernando Po.) Confined to Fernando Po. Pogoniulus atro-flavus (Sparrman) ! Bucco atro-flavus Sparrman, Vetensk.-Acad. nya Handl., 19, 1798, p. 305, pl. 9. (Sierra Leone.) Forests of upper and lower Guinea from Casamance to Portu- guese Congo, east to the Uelle district and Mt. Ruwenzori. Genus TRICHOLAEMA VERREAUX AND VERREAUX Tricholaema J. and E. Verreaux, Journ. f. Orn., 3, March, 1855, p. 102. Type, by monotypy, Tricholaema flavipunctata J. and E. Verreaux. Notopogonius Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 221. Type, by original designation, Bucco leucomelas Boddaert. cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 376-379. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 516-521. Friedmann, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 443-451. Jackson and Sclater, Bds. Kenya Col. and Uganda Prot., 2, 1938, p. 701-708. Tricholaema lacrymosum lacrymosum Cabanis Tricholaema lacrymosa Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 26, 1878, p. 205, 240. (Adi [= Athi] River, Kenya Colony.) Northern Uganda (Wadelai and Lake Albert) eastward to southern Ethiopia, thence southward through Kenya Colony east of the Rift Valley to central Tanganyika Territory. Tricholaema lachrymosum narokense Jackson Tricholema lachrymosum narokensis Jackson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 43, 1923, p. 167. (Doinyo Narok, 4500 feet, Kenya Colony.) 1 Replaces Bucco erythronotus Cuvier, 1816. 52 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Confined to Doinyo Narok, Kenya Colony; doubtfully distinct from T. 1. lachrymosum. Tricholaema lachrymosum radcliffei Ogilvie-Grant Tricholema radcliffei Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 15, 1904, p. 29. (Mulema, 5000 feet, Uganda.) Extreme eastern Belgian Congo, southern Uganda and extreme southwestern Kenya Colony, from Lake Edward and Kavirondo southward to the region north of Lake Nyasa. Tricholaema lachrymosum ruahae Neumann Tricholaema lacrymosum ruahe Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. C1., 21, 1908, p. 47. (Uhehe, Tanganyika Territory. ) Inland plateau of central Tanganyika Territory from Dodoma to the Ruaha and Rufiji valleys. Tricholaema leucomelan namaqua Sclater Tricholema leucomelan namaqua Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. CL, 42, 1922, p. 63. (Klipfontein, 3100 feet, Little Namaqua- land.) Little Namaqualand. Tricholaema leucomelan nkatiense (Roberts) Notopogonius leucomelas nkatiensis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 15, 1932, p. 27. (Nkate, Bechuanaland.) Northern Bechuanaland. Tricholaema leucomelan centrale (Roberts) Notopogonius leucomelas centralis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 15, 1932, p. 26. (Rustenberg, Transvaal.) Transvaal (except eastern.) Tricholaema leucomelan zuluense (Roberts) Notopogonius leucomelas guluensis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 14, 1931, p. 237, p. 240. (Mkuzi River, east of Ubombo, Zululand.) Notopogonius leucomelas tongensis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 15, 1932, p. 26, text mention in description of N. /. centralis, lapsus for guluensis. Eastern Southern Rhodesia (Mashonaland) south to the low- lands of eastern Transvaal and western Zululand. Tricholaema leucomelan leucomelan (Boddaert) Bucco leucomelas Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 43. (Cape of Good Hope, ex Daubenton, pl. 688, f. 1.) Southern Cape Province, the Karroo and Orange Free State. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 53 Tricholaema leucomelan affine (Shelley) Pogonorhynchus affinis Shelley, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1879 (1880), p. 680. (Weenen, Natal.) Natal. Tricholaema diadematum diadematum (Heuglin) Pogonorhynchus diadematus Heuglin, Ibis, 1861, p. 124, 126, pl. (Steppes of the Kitsch Negros between lat. 7° and 8° N., upper White Nile.) Upper White Nile eastward across central Ethiopia to northern Somaliland. Tricholaema diadematum mustum Friedmann Tricholaema diadematum mustum Friedmann, Proc. New Eng- land Zool. Cl., 11, 1929, p. 35. (Guaso Nyiro River, Kenya Colony.) Northeastern Uganda eastward through Kenya Colony to Mt. Kenya. Tricholaema diadematum massaicum (Reichenow) Pogonorhynchus massaicus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 35, 1887, p. 59. (Loeru, Tanganyika Territory.) Southern Kenya Colony and the northern half of Tanganyika Territory. Tricholaema diadematum frontatum (Cabanis) Pogonorhynchus frontatus Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 28, 1880, p. Sol pleZ. nie len Angola») Tricholema alexandri Shelley, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 13, 1903, p. 61. (Namwewe, Nyasaland.) Angola eastward across the Upper Katanga and northern Rho- desia to Nyasaland. Tricholaema melanocephalum melanocephalum (Cretzschmar) Pogonias melanocephala Cretzschmar, in Ruppell’s Atlas, 1826, Vog., p. 41, pl. 28, f. a. (Kordofan and Sennar, = Ethiopia? cf. Sclater and Mackworth-Praed, Ibis, 1919, p. 637.) Bogosland and northern Ethiopia south to Addis Ababa and eastward to near Harar. Tricholaema melanocephalum stigmatothorax Cabanis Tricholaema stigmatothorax Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 26, 1878, p. 205, 240. (Ndi, Taita, Kenya Colony.) Southern Ethiopia and southern Somaliland across the drier parts of Kenya Colony to northern Tanganyika Territory (Do- doma, Morogoro). o4 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Tricholaema melanocephalum blandi Phillips Tricholema blandi Lort Phillips, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1897, p. xlvii. (Goolis Mts., Somaliland.) Central and eastern Somaliland. Tricholaema flavibuccale Reichenow Tricholaema flavibuccale Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 1, 1893, p. 30. (Wembere Steppe, Tanganyika Territory.) Known only from the unique type; status uncertain. Tricholaema hirsutum hirsutum (Swainson) Pogonias hirsutus Swainson, Zool. Illustr., 2, 1821-22 (1821), pl. 72. (Africa; Gold Coast designated as type locality by Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1922, p. 62.) Sierra Leone to Togoland. Tricholaema hirsutum hybridum Neumann Tricholaema hirsutum hybridum Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 46. (Degama, Southern Nigeria.) Vicinity of the Niger Delta. Tricholaema hirsutum flavipunctatum Verreaux and Verreaux Tricholaema flavipunctata J. and E. Verreaux, Journ. f. Orn., 3, Mar. 1855, p. 102; Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 7, Dec., 1855, p. 555, pl. 14. (Gaboon) Tricholaema schultzei Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 82. (Molundu, Cameroons.) Cameroons and Gaboon to the southern French Congo. Tricholaema hirsutum chapini Bannerman Tricholema hirsutum chapini Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 44, 1924, p. 101. (Uelle River, near Djabia [now Bondo], Belgian Congo.) Southeastern Cameroons eastward to the Uelle and Ituri dis- tricts and south to the Kasai. Tricholaema hirsutum angolense Neumann Tricholema hirsutum angolense Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 47. (Golungo Alto, Angola.) Lower Congo and northern Angola. Tricholaema hirsutum ansorgii Shelley Tricholema ansorgii Shelley, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 5, 1895, p. iii. (Uganda; type from Entebbe.) Forests of the eastern Belgian Congo and of Uganda. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 55 Genus LYBIUS HERMANN Lybius Hermann, Tabl. Affin. Anim., 1783, p. 217, note n. Type, by monotypy, Lybius guifsobalito Hermann. Pogonornis Billberg, Syn. Faun. Scand., 1, pt. 2, 1828, table A. New name for Pogonias Illiger, 1811, not of Lacépéede, 1802. Type, by monotypy, Bucco dubius Gmelin. Erythrobucco Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 475. Type, by original designation and monotypy, Erythrobucco rolleti = Pogomas rolleti Defilippi. Melanobucco Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. Type, by original des- ignation, M. bidentatus (Shaw) = Bucco bidentatus Shaw. A patelornis Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 34, 1926, p. 146. Type, by monotypy, Apatelornis wachei Reichenow = Bucco dubius Gmelin. cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 363-376. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 521-534. Friedmann, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 434-442. Jackson and Sclater, Bds. Kenya Col. and Uganda Prot., 2, 1938, p. 694. Macdonald, Ibis, 1938, p. 348-349 (races of undatus). Ripley, Auk, 62, 1945, p. 560-561. Lybius undatus thiogaster Neumann Lybius thiogaster Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 11, 1903, p. 59. (Keren, Bogosland.) Lybius undatus senafensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 23, 1908, p. 29. (Upper Mareb River, northern Tigré Province, Ethiopia. ) Eritrea and northern Ethiopia. Lybius undatus undatus (Ruppell) Pogonias undatus Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., Vog., 1837, p. 52, pl. 20, f. 2. (Simen Province, Ethiopia.) Melanobucco tsane Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 13, 1902, p. 29. (Zegi, Lake Tsana, Ethiopia.) Central Ethiopia from Lake Tsana to Addis Ababa. Lybius undatus leucogenys (Blundell and Lovat) Melanobucco leucogenys Blundell and Lovat, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, 1899, p. xxi. (Konduro, western Ethiopia. ) Lybius undatus gardullensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 14, 1903, p. 15. (Gardulla, west of Lake Gandjule, Ethiopia.) Western and southwestern Ethiopia. 56 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Lybius undatus squamatus (Heuglin) Pogonias squamatus Heuglin, Journ. f. Orn., 11, 1863, p. 15. (Gorgora on Lake Tana, Ethiopia. ) Lybius undatus salvadorit Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 14, 1903, p. 16. (Dinki, near Harar, Ethiopia.) Harar district of eastern Ethiopia. Lybius vieilloti buchanani Hartert Lybius vieilloti buchanani Hartert, Nov. Zool., 31, 1924, p. 23. (Tebeig, Air.) Southern Sahara from Timbuktu to Air and Damergu, prob- ably also eastern Bornu. Lybius vieilloti rubescens (Temminck) Pogonias rubescens Temminck, PI. col., livr. 34, 1823, Binomial name for Barbu rubicon of Le Vaillant. (Senegal.) Lybius vieilloti tessmanni Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 31, 1923, p. 110. (Upper Kadei region, Cameroons.) Thorn scrub and grass-woodland savanna belt from Senegal to Nigeria and northern Cameroons. Lybius vieilloti vieilloti (Leach) Pogonius vieilloti Leach, Zool. Misc., 2, 1815, p. 104, pl. 97. (Africa = Ethiopia by designation of Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1902, p. 426.) Lybius vieilloti frater Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 65, 1917, Bd. 2, p. 201, note 6. (Barentu, upper Barca River, Ethiopia.) Darfur to Eritrea and Ethiopia, south to the Uelle district and the Bahr el Ghazal. Lybius torquatus albigularis Neumann Lybius zombe albigularis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 46. (Songea, Tanganyika Territory.) Headwaters of the Rovuma River and the region east of Lake Nyasa. Lybius torquatus zombae (Shelley) Melanobucco zombe Shelley, Ibis, 1893, p. 10. (Zomba, Ny- asaland. ) Highlands south of Lake Nyasa. Lybius torquatus pumilio Grote Lybius torquatus pumilio Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 35, 1927, p. 144. (Uvira, north end of Lake Tanganyika, eastern Belgian Congo. ) Region about the northern end of Lake Tanganyika. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 57 Lybius torquatus irroratus (Cabanis) Pogonorhynchus irroratus Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 26, 1878, p. 205, 239. (Mombasa, East Africa.) Coastal districts of East Africa from Lamu to Dar es Salaam and the Morogoro district. Lybius torquatus congicus (Reichenow) Melanobucco torquatus congicus Reichenow, in Werther’s mittl. Hochl. nordl. Deutsch-Ost-Afr., 1898, p. 273. (Congo re- gion; type from Malanje, Angola.) Barbatula rubrigularis DuBois, Ann. Mus. Congo, 1, 1905, fasc. pad, plat, ty) @satangas) Southeastern Congo, southwestern Tanganyika Territory and adjacent parts of Northern Rhodesia and Angola. Lybius torquatus torquatus (Dumont) _ Bucco torquatus Dumont, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd. Levrault, 4, 1816, p. 56. (Brazil, error = South Africa; Goffin, Mus. Pays Bas 1, 1863, Buccones, p. 4.) South Africa from Benguella and the Zambesi valley, south- ward; absent from the dry south-west portion. Lybius guifsobalito guifsobalito Hermann Lybius guifsobalito Hermann,! Tabl. Affin. Anim., 1783, p. 217, note n. (Ethiopia. ) Bogosland, Eritrea, Ethiopia (except southeastern) and the Blue Nile district of the Sudan. Lybius guifsobalito ugandae Berger Lybius tridactylus ugandae Berger, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 201. (Nimule, Uganda.) Savannas of the upper White Nile, the Uelle district, western shore of Lake Albert, and Uganda to the north shore of Lake Victoria. Lybius rubrifacies (Reichenow) Pogonorhynchus rubrifacies Reichenow, Sitzungsb. Deutsche Orns Ges: 19 Jan 1892; journ, f Orn, 405 18925 p25: (Kimo-ani, south-west of Lake Victoria.) Region lying west and southwest of Lake Victoria. Lybius chaplini Stevenson Clarke Lybius chaplini Stevenson Clarke, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 41, 1920, p- 50. (Kafue River, lat. 16° S., long. 26° E., Northern Rhodesia. ) 1 Replaces Lybius abyssinicus (Latham) of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 98 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Lower Kafue valley in Northern Rhodesia. Lybius leucocephalus adamauae Reichenow Lybwus leucocephalus adamauae Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 69, 1921, p. 46. (Tibati Highlands, Cameroons.) Savannas of Northern Nigeria, northern Cameroons and the Ubangi-Shari. Lybius leucocephalus leucocephalus (Defilippi) Laimodon leucocephalus Defilippi, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 5, 1853, p. 291. (Between 3° and 4° N. lat., White Nile.) Lybius leucocephalus ugandae Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 69, 1921, p. 47, in text (Uganda.) Not Lybius tridactylus ugan- dae Berger, 1907. Bahr el Ghazal and the Uelle district eastward to the upper White Nile, Mt. Elgon and Ankole. Lybius leucocephalus usukumae Neumann Lybius leucocephalus usukume Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. CL, 21, 1908, p. 46. (Kagehi, Usukuma.) Southern shores of Lake Victoria. Lybius leucocephalus albicauda (Shelley) Pogonorhynchus albicauda Shelley, Ibis, 1881, p. 117. (Ugogo, Tanganyika Territory. ) Melanobucco abboti Richmond, Auk, 14, 1897, p. 164. (Plains of Taveta, Kenya Colony.) Lybius leucocephalus lynesi Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. es Cl., 58, 1938, p. 65. (Iringa, Tanganyika Terri- tory. Southern Kenya Colony and northern districts of Tanganyika Territory south to Dodoma, Irangi and Ugogo. Lybius leucocephalus senex (Reichenow) Pogonorhynchus senex Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 35, 1887, p. 59. (Ukamba, Ikange.) Central districts of Kenya Colony and country east of Mt. Kenya. Lybius leucocephalus leucogaster (Bocage) Pogonorhynchus leucogaster Bocage, Jorn. Sci. Math. Phys. e Nat., Acad. Real Sci. Lisboa, 6, 1877, p. 63. (Quillengues, Benguella. ) Western Benguella. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 59 Lybius minor minor (Cuvier) Bucco Levaillantii Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 3, 1816, p. 243. (Africa.) Not Bucco levaillanit Gmelin, 1806. Pogonias minor Cuvier, Régne Anim., 1, 1817 (1816), p. 428, note 2. Based on LeVaillant, Ois de Paradis, pl. A. (“Afri- que et aux Indes’; restricted to northern Angola by Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 62, 1942, p. 46.) Lower Congo and the coast near Landana, south to Benguella. Lybius minor intercedens Neumann Lybius levaillanti intercedens Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1908, p. 27. (Manyanga, lower Congo River.) Belgian Congo between the Congo and lower Kasai rivers, east to Kwamouth and south to the interior of northern Angola. Lybius minor macclounii (Shelley) Melanobucco macclounii Shelley, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 8, 1899, p. xxxv. (Nyasaland; type from Luchinde, north of Lake Nyasa. ) Cuango River across the central Belgian Congo, the Katanga district and Northern Rhodesia to the region north of Lake Nyasa. Lybius melanopterus didymus Grote Lybius melanopterus didymus Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 37, 1929, p. 75. (Solole, southern Somaliland. ) Southern Somaliland. Lybius melanopterus melanopterus (Peters) Pogonias (Laimodon) melanopterus Peters, Ber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1854, p. 134. (Mocimboa, Mozambique. ) Coastal districts of East Africa from the Juba River south to Nyasaland and Mozambique. Lybius bidentatus bidentatus (Shaw) Bucco bidentatus Shaw, Nat. Misc., 10, 1798, pl. 393 and text. (“Barbary’’.) Forested parts of West Africa from Portuguese Guinea to Southern Nigeria. Lybius bidentatus friedmanni (Bannerman) Pogonornis bidentatus friedmanni Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 53, 1933, p. 124. (Ndala Tando, Angola.) Southern Cameroons, lower Congo and northern Angola. Lybius bidentatus aequatorialis (Shelley) Melanobucco equatorialis Shelley, Ibis, 1889, p. 476. (Hparo [t.e. Mparu, near Hoima, Uganda], Equatorial Africa.) 60 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Shari River and the Uelle district to western Kenya Colony and northwestern Tanganyika Territory. Lybius bidentatus aethiops Neumann Lybwus bidentatus ethiops Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. CL, 23, 1908, p. 29. (Uba, Omo region, Ethiopia.) Southern Ethiopia and the adjacent parts of the Sudan. Lybius dubius (Gmelin) Bucco dubius Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 409. (Bar- bary Coast.) A patelornis wachet Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 34, 1926, p. 146. (Upper Gambia.) West African semi-arid belt from Senegal to the Logone River. Lybius rolleti (Defilippi) Pogonas Rolleti Defilippi, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 5, 1853, p. 290. (Between lat 3° and 4° N., White Nile.) African Savanna belt from Baguirmi and the Shari region to Darfur and Bahr el Ghazal. Genus TRACHYPHONUS Ranzani1 Trachyphonus Ranzani, Elem. di Zool., 3, 1821, pt. 2, p. 157. Type, by monotypy, Trachyphonus vaillantu Ranzani. Trachylaemus Reichenow, Sitzungsb. Deutsche Orn. Ges., 17 Dec., 1891; Journ. f. Orn., 40, 1892, p. 131. Type, by subse- quent designation, Trachyphonus purpuratus Verreaux and Verreaux. (Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, 1903, p. 159.) cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 400-403. Bowen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 84, 1932, p. 9-10. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 488-492. Friedmann, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 457-466. C. H. B. Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 448-451. Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 35, 1927, p. 52. Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 76, 1928, p. 785-786. Ripley, Auk, 62, 1945, p. 562-563. Zedlitz, Journ. f. Orn., 63, 1915, p. 15-17. Trachyphonus purpuratus goffinii (Schlegel) Capito goffinit Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, 1, 1863, Buccones, p. 72. (Gold Coast.) West Africa from Sierra Leone to Gold Coast. FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 61 Trachyphonus purpuratus togoensis (Reichenow) Trachylaemus togoensis Reichenow, Sitzungsb. Deutsche Orn. Ges., 17 Dec., 1891; Journ. f. Orn., 40, 1892, p. 131. (Bis- marckburg, Togoland.) Togoland and southwestern Nigeria. Trachyphonus purpuratus purpuratus Verreaux and Verreaux Trachyphonus lurpuratus [sic] J. and E. Verreaux, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 3, 1851, p. 260. (Gaboon.) Cameroon Mountain eastward through the Ubangi-Shari to the Aruwimi River and south through Cameroons to northern Angola. Trachyphonus purpuratus elgonensis Sharpe Trachyphonus elgonensis Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 122. (Mt. Elgon, East Africa. ) Northeastern Belgian Congo (southern Uelle and Ituri), east- ward across Uganda to Mt. Elgon and the Mau Plateau. Trachyphonus vaillantii suahelicus Reichenow Trachyphonus suahelicus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 35, 1887, p. 60. (Usegua, Tanganyika Territory. ) Trachyphonus vaillanti suschkini Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 37, 1929, p. 76. (Tabora, Unyamwezi, Tanganyika Territory.) Northern Angola, southeastern Congo, and East Africa from the Pangani to the Zambezi. Trachyphonus vaillantii nobilis Ogilvie-Grant Trachyphonus nobilis Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1912, p. 397. (Lake Ngami, 2700 feet, Bechuanaland. ) Bechuanaland : known only from the type in the British Museum. Trachyphonus vaillantii vaillantii Ranzani Trachyphonus Vaillantu Ranzani,’ Elem. di Zool., 3, 1821, pt. 2, p. 159. (South Africa ex LeVaillant = southeastern Cape Province, fide Vincent, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 55, 1935, p. 94. Southern Africa from about the Zambesi River southward. Trachyphonus erythrocephalus gallarum Neumann Trachyphonus erythrocephalus gallarum Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 76, 1928, p. 786. (Bussidimo, near Harar, Ethiopia.) South-central Ethiopia. Trachyphonus erythrocephalus shelleyi Hartlaub Trachyphonus shelleyi Hartlaub, Ibis, 1886, p. 106, pl. 5 (Plateau in the interior of Somaliland.) 1 Replaces Picus caffer Vieillot, 1818, not of Gmelin, 1789. 62 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Eastern Ethiopia, northern and central British Somaliland. Trachyphonus erythrocephalus jacksoni Neumann Trachyphonus erythrocephalus jacksoni Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 76, 1928, p. 785. (Wajheir, 100 miles north of the Lorian Swamp, northeastern Africa.) Southern Ethiopia, and central Kenya Colony from the eastern end of Lake Rudolf to the Tana River. Trachyphonus erythrocephalus versicolor Hartlaub Trachyphonus versicolor Hartlaub, Abhandl. naturwiss. Ver. Bremen, 8, Heft 1, 1883, p. 208. (Tarrangole, White Nile.) Mongalla and northern Uganda, east to Lake Rudolf and south in western Kenya Colony to lakes Baringo and Hannington. Trachyphonus erythrocephalus erythrocephalus Cabanis Trachyphonus erythrocephalus Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 26, 1878, p. 206, 241, pl. 2. (Ukamba, Kitui, Kenya Colony.) Teita, Ukamba and Kikuyu districts of Kenya Colony south into Tanganyika Territory in the region about lakes Manyara and Nguruman. Trachyphonus darnaudii darnaudii (Prévost and Des Murs) Micropogon darnaudii Prévost and Des Murs, in Lefebvre, Voy- age en Abyssinie, 6, [1847], p. 133. (Kordofan.) Kordofan eastward to western Ethiopia, south to northern Uganda, and Kenya Colony west of the Rift Valley. ?Trachyphonus darnaudii zedlitzi Berger Trachyphonus arnaudi [sic] zedlitzi Berger, Journ. f. Orn., 59, 1911, p. 512. (Between Baringo and Hannington lakes, Kenya Colony.) Kenya Colony in the region about Lake Baringo; very doubt- fully distinct from T. d. darnaudu. Trachyphonus darnaudii usambiro Neumann Trachyphonus darnaudi usambiro Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 23, 1908, p. 30. (Usambiro, Tanganyika Territory.) Interior of Kenya Colony from the Loita Plains and Lake Naivasha to the Mwanza and Irundi districts of Tanganyika Territory. Trachyphonus darnaudii boéhmi Fischer and Reichenow Trachyphonus Bohmi Fischer and Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 32, 1884, p. 179. (Pare Mts., Arusha, Ukamba and Barawa, = Barawa, Juba River, apud Zedlitz, Journ. f. Orn., 63, 1915, p. 16.) FAMILY CAPITONIDAE 63 Southern Italian Somaliland south through eastern Kenya Colony to northeastern Tanganyika Territory. Trachyphonus darnaudii emini Reichenow Trachyphonus emini Reichenow, Sitzungsb. Deutsche Orn. Ges., Feb., 1891; Journ. f. Orn., 39, Apr., 1891, p. 149. (Mpapwa, Tanganyika Territory.) Col. pl., Ibis, 1915, pl. 5. Central Tanganyika Territory from the Mpapwa and Ugogo dis- tricts to the region at the northern end of Lake Nyasa. Trachyphonus margaritatus kingi Bowen Trachyphonus margaritatus kingt Bowen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 83, 1931, p. 229. (Erkowit, Red Sea Province, Sudan.) Red Sea Province of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Trachyphonus margaritatus berberensis Bowen Trachyphonus margaritatus berberensis Bowen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 84, 1932, p. 10. (Zeidab, Berber Province, Sudan.) Arid northern part of the Nile Valley below Khartoum. Trachyphonus margaritatus margaritatus (Cretzschmar) Bucco margaritatus Cretzschmar, in Ruppell’s Atlas, 1826, Vog., ps0 ply 20s i(Sennar.) Air and extreme northern Nigeria eastward through the semi- arid belt to western Ethiopia. Trachyphonus margaritatus somalicus Zedlitz Trachyphonus margaritatus somalicus Zedlitz, Orn. Monatsb., 18, 1910, p. 57. (Al Dabar, northern Somaliland.) Central Ethiopia and northern Somaliland. Famity INDICATORIDAE Genus PRODOTISCUS SunpeEvALL Prodotiscus Sundevall, Ofv. K. Vet.-Akad. Forh., 7, 1850, p. 109. Type, by monotypy, Prodotiscus regulus Sundevall. cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 420-423. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 535-537. Prodotiscus insignis flavodorsalis Bannerman Prodotiscus insignis flavodorsalis Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 43, 1923, p. 161. (Béoumi, 650 feet, Ivory Coast. ) Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast and probably Togoland. 64. CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Prodotiscus insignis insignis (Cassin) Heterodes insignis Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 8, 1856, p. 157. (Moonda River, Gaboon.) Southern Cameroons, Gaboon and lower Congo, eastward to the Uelle and Ituri rivers and the Semliki Valley; Uganda and Lake Victoria. Prodotiscus insignis ellenbecki Erlanger Prodotiscus ellenbecki Erlanger, Orn. Monatsb., 9, 1901, p. 182. (Daroli, Arussi Country. ) Prodotiscus reichenowi Madarasz, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungarici, 2, 1904, p. 206. (Moschi, Mt. Kilimanjaro.) Southern Ethiopia and Kenya Colony, south to Tanganyika Ter- ritory in the region about Mt. Kilimanjaro and in the Usambara Mts. Prodotiscus insignis zambesiae Shelley Prodotiscus zambesi@ Shelley, Ibis, 1894, p. 8. (Zomba, Nyasa- land. ) The Katanga and Lake Tanganyika, south to Southern Rhodesia, Mashonaland and Mozambique, westward to southern Angola. Prodotiscus regulus camerunensis Reichenow Prodotiscus regulus camerunensis Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 69, 1921, p. 46. (Bosum, Cameroons. ) Known only from the unique type. Prodotiscus regulus regulus Sundevall Prodotiscus regulus Sundevall, Ofv. K. Vet.-Akad. Forh., 7, 1850, p. 109. (“Caffraria inferiori et superiori’; type from Mohapoani, Witfontein Berge, western Transvaal.) * Prodotiscus peasei Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 11, 1901, p. 67. (Ungi, Ethiopia. ) Sennar and Ethiopia, south through East Africa and the savan- nas of southeastern Congo to northern Angola and Natal. GENUS MELIGNOMON ReEIcHENOW Melignomon Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 6, 1898, p. 22. Type, by original designation, Melignomon zenkeri Reichenow. cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 418. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 537-538. 1 See Gyldenstolpe, Ibis, 1934, p. 290. FAMILY INDICATORIDAE 65 Melignomon zenkeri Reichenow Melignomon zenkeri Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 6, 1898, p. 22. (Jaunde, Cameroons.) Southern Cameroons eastward across the Congo forest to the Semliki Valley, perhaps south to northwestern Angola. Genus INDICATOR SrTeErHENS Indicator Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, pt. 1, 1815, p. 131. Type, by tautonymy, Indicator Sparrmantu Stephens = Cucu- lus indicator Sparrman. Melipodagus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 220. Type, by original designation, Indicator variegatus Lesson. cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 131- 34, Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 404-418. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 539-553. Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1938, p. 141-145. Jackson and Sclater, Bds. Kenya Col. and Uganda Prot., 2, 1938, p. 728-737. Robinson, Bds. Malay Penin., 2, 1928, p. 97-98. Zedlitz, Journ. f. Orn., 62, 1915, p. 7-14. Indicator exilis ansorgei C. Grant Indicator exilis ansorgei C. Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1915, p. 100. (Gunnal, Portuguese Guinea. ) Portuguese Guinea; known only from Gunnal. Indicator exilis leona C. Grant Indicator exilis leona C. Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn., Cl., 35, 1915, pa lOO; (Sierra leone) Apparently known only from the type, taken near Freetown. Indicator exilis willcocksi Alexander Indicator willcocksi Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 11. (Prahou, Gold Coast.) Gold Coast Colony; known only from Prahou. Indicator exilis hutsoni Bannerman Indicator hutsoni Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 49, 1928, p. 20. (Tatara, Benue Province, Nigeria.) Northern Nigeria, Southern Nigeria(?) northern Cameroons(?). 66 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Indicator exilis poensis Alexander Indicator poensis Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 13, 1903, p. 33. (Bakaki, Fernando Po.) Island of Fernando Po. Indicator exilis exilis (Cassin) Melignothes exilis Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 8, 1856, p. 157. (Moonda River, Gaboon.) Forests of Southern Nigeria and Cameroons, eastward to the Upper Congo, south to the Kasai and the highlands northwest of Lake Tanganyika. Indicator exilis pachyrhynchus (Heuglin) Melignothes pachyrhynchus Heuglin, Journ. f. Orn., 12, 1864, p. 266. (Bongo, southeastern Sudan.) Indicator pygmaeus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 40, 1892, p. 24. (Bukoba, Lake Victoria. ) Bahr el Ghazal, Uganda, western Kenya Colony and the Bukoba district of Tanganyika Territory. Indicator exilis meliphilus (Oberholser) Melignothes exilis meliphilus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 28, 1905, p. 869. (Taveta, Kenya Colony.) Indicator narokensis Jackson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1906, p. 20. (Doinyo Narok, Kenya Colony.) Indicator appelator Vincent, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 53, 1933, p. 130. (Near Zobué, Mozambique-Nyasaland border at 2900 feet in lata SON Seiloners42r3 7.) Kenya Colony, Usambara Mts. in Tanganyika Territory, south- ern Nyasaland. Indicator exilis angolensis Monard Indicator minor angolensis Monard, Arquivos Museu Bocage, 5, 1934, p. 55. (Tyihumbwe and Ebanga, Angola.) Northern Angola. Indicator propinquus Friedmann Indicator propinquus Friedmann, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., 33, 1943, p. 250. (Donenkeng, Bafia, Cameroons.) Known only from the unique type. Indicator minor senegalensis Neumann Indicator minor senegalensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 43. (Thiés, near Dakar, Senegal.) Senegal and perhaps the French Sudan. FAMILY INDICATORIDAE 67 Indicator minor alexanderi C. Grant Indicator minor alexanderi C. Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 35, 1915, p. 99. (Gambaga, Gold Coast Hinterland.) Northern Territories of Gold Coast Colony and Northern Nigeria, probably through the Shari River district to Darfur. Indicator minor riggenbachi Zedlitz Indicator minor riggenbachi Zedlitz, Journ. f. Orn., 63, 1915, p. 12. (Tibati, Adamawa highlands. ) Western Cameroons to the Uelle and Lado districts. Indicator minor diadematus Ruppell Indicator diadematus Ruppell, Neue Wirbelth., Vog., 1837, p. 61. (Forested parts of Ethiopia. ) Indicator lovati Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, 1900, p. xxxix. (Gelongol, Ethiopia.) Eastern Sudan, Ethiopia and Somaliland. Indicator minor erlangeri Zedlitz Indicator exilis erlangeri Zedlitz, Orn. Monatsb., 21, 1913, p. 59. (Afgoi, southern Somaliland. ) Southern Italian Somaliland and the eastern districts of Kenya Colony. Indicator minor teitensis Neumann Indicator minor teitensis Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 48, 1900, p. 195. (Teita, Kenya Colony.) Uganda and Kenya Colony (except coastal districts), south to Nyasaland. Indicator minor minor Stephens Indicator minor Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, pt. 1, 1815, p. 140. (Cape of Good Hope = Zwartkop River, Uitenhage Division, Cape Province, fide Grant and Praed, antea, p. 144.) Northern Angola, the Manyema district and the eastern base of Mt. Ruwenzori, south to Natal and Cape Province (excluding Damaraland and Transvaal). Indicator minor albigularis (Roberts) Melignothes Minor Albigularis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 220. (Woodbush, Transvaal.) Transvaal. Indicator minor damarensis (Roberts) Melignothes minor damarensis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 12, 1928, p. 308. (Quickborn, Southwest Africa. ) Damaraland ; requires confirmation. 68 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Indicator conirostris ussheri Sharpe Indicator ussheri Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1902, p. 80. (Fanti, Gold Coast. ) Known only from the type locality. Indicator conirostris conirostris (Cassin) Melignothes conirostris Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel- phia, 8, 1856, p. 156. (Moonda River, Gaboon.) Northern Nigeria, western Cameroons and Gaboon, east to Mt. Elgon, Kavirondo and Ruwenzori. Indicator variegatus jubaensis Neumann Indicator variegatus jubaensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 21, 1908, p. 97. (Jonte, near Kismayu, Italian Somaliland.) _ Southern Somaliland to the Usambara region, Tanganyika Ter- ritory. Indicator variegatus variegatus Lesson Indicator variegatus Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 155. (Africa. ) Southern Ethiopia, interior of Kenya Colony, Uganda, south- eastern Congo and Angola, to Cape Province. Indicator maculatus maculatus G. R. Gray Indicator maculatus G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 2, 1847, p. [451], pl. CXIII. (No locality ; the type in the British Museum is from Gambia. ) Indicator feae Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 40, 1901, p. 783. (Farim and Rio Cassine, Portuguese Guinea. ) Gambia to Liberia and Sierra Leone, perhaps to the Gold Coast. Indicator maculatus stictithorax Reichenow Indicator stictithorax Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 25, 1877, p. 110. (Cameroons. ) Indicator therese B. Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 90. (Gudima, Iri River, [Mombattu Country].) Cameroons and Gaboon, eastward through the heavy forests of Lower Guinea to the upper Kibali River and the eastern edge of the Ituri forest near the Semliki. Indicator archipelagus Temminck Indicator archipelagus Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 91, 1832, pl. 542, f.1. (Pontianak, Borneo. ) Indicator archipelagus inornatus Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. CL, 21, 1908, p. 97. (Klang, Selangor.) FAMILY INDICATORIDAE 69 Southwestern Siam (one record), Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo. Indicator indicator (Sparrman) ! Cuculus indicator Sparrman, Phil. Trans., 67, 1777, p. 43, pl. 1. (Great Fish River, near Somerset East, Cape Province. ) The greater part of Africa from Senegal, Darfur and Eritrea, south to Cape Province; absent from the West African lowland forests and the East African mountain forests. Indicator xanthonotus Blyth Indicator xanthonotus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 11, pt. 1, 1842, p. 116. (Darjeeling.) The Himalayas from the Afghan border to eastern Assam. Genus MELICHNEUTES ReEIcHENow Melichneutes Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 18, 1910, p. 160. Type, by monotypy, Melichneutes sommerfeldi Reichenow = Melignomon robustus Bates. Ceriocleptes Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1915, p. 912, 513, f. 1. Type, by monotypy, Ceriocleptes xenurus Chapin = Melignomon robustus Bates. cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 418-420. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 553-556. Melichneutes robustus (Bates) Melignomon robustus Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 25, 1909, p. 26. (Bitye, River Ja, Cameroons. ) Melichneutes sommerfeldi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 18, 1910, p. 160. (Dume region, Cameroons.) Ceriocleptes xenurus Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1919; Spe 125 513, te ee (Awakubisy) Ituri district, Belgian Congo. ) Lowland forests of Cameroons eastward across the Congo to the upper Ituri. 1 No subspecies are recognizable, cf. C. Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 430-431. 70 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD SUPERFAMILY RAMPHASTOIDEA Famity RAMPHASTIDAE Genus AULACORHYNCHUS Goutp! Aulacorhynchus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 2, 1834 (1835), p. 147. Type, by subsequent designation, A. sulcatus (Swains.) = Pteroglossus sulcatus Swainson. (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 50). cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 334-335; 55, 1926, p. 350-351. Dickey and van Rossem, Ibis, 1930, p. 48-55. Germiny, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn., 11, 1930, p. 593-604 (p. 46-55 of separately paged reprint). meet Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 351- 358. Aulacorhynchus sulcatus sulcatus (Swainson) Pteroglossus sulcatus Swainson, Quart. Journ. Sci., Lit. and Arts, 9, 1820, p. 267. (Venezuela.) Coastal mountains of Venezuela (Cumbre de Valencia, Silla de Caracas, Cerro del Avila). Aulacorhynchus sulcatus erythrognathus (Gould) Aulacorhamphus erythrognathus Gould, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 14, 1874, p. 184. (Caripe, Venezuela. ) Northeastern Venezuela in the Andes south of Cumana in State of Sucre. Aulacorhynchus calorhynchus (Gould) Aulacorhamphus calorhynchus Gould, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 14, 1874, p. 183. (Mérida, Venezuela.) Santa Marta Mts., Colombia; Sierra de Perija and Andes of Merida, Venezuela. Aulacorhynchus derbianus derbianus Gould Aulacorhynchus Derbianus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, 1835, p. 49. (No locality.) Pteroglossus Derbianus Gould, Monogr. Ramphastidae, pt. 3, 1835, pl. 32. (“Cordillerian Andes” ; I designate Province of Huanuco, Pert.) Eastern Ecuador, Eastern Pert and northeastern Bolivia. 1 Replaces Aulacorhamphus (emendation) G. R. Gray, 1840, of Sharpe’s Hand-list. FAMILY RAMPHASTIDAE 71 Aulacorhynchus derbianus duidae Chapman Aulacorhynchus derbianus duide Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 380, 1929, p. 16. (Aguita, 3250 feet, Mt. Duida, Vene- zuela. ) Confined to Mt. Duida, Venezuela. Aulacorhynchus derbianus whitelianus (Salvin and Godman) Aulacorhamphus whitelianus Salvin and Godman, Ibis, 1882, p. 83. (Merumé Mts., British Guiana. ) Venezuela on Mt. Auyan-tepui and Mt. Roraima; Merumé Mts., Kanuku Mts. and Quonga, British Guiana. Aulacorhynchus derbianus osgoodi Blake Aulacorhynchus derbianus osgoodi Blake, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 24, 1941, p. 228. (Boundary Camp, 2000 feet, head of Itabu Creek, Acary Mts., British Guiana. ) Acary Mts., British Guiana. Aulacorhynchus prasinus wagleri (Sturm) Pteroglossus wagleri Sturm, Monogr. Ramphastidae, 1841, pl. 16. (No locality = México.) Southwestern México in mts. of Guerrero and western Oaxaca. Aulacorhynchus prasinus prasinus (Gould) Pteroglossus prasinus Licht. Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 2, 1834, p. 78. (México = Valle Real fide Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, p. 255.) Southeastern México in State of Veracruz and adjacent parts of San Luis Potosi, Hidalgo and Oaxaca. Aulacorhynchus prasinus stenorhabdus Dickey and van Rossem Aulacorhynchus prasinus stenorhabdus Dickey and van Rossem, Ibis, 1930, p. 52. (Cerros Los Naranjos, 5000 feet, Volcan Santa Ana, Dept. Sonsonate, El] Salvador.) Aulacorhynchus prasinus chiapensis Brodkorb, Auk, 57, 1940, p. 546. (Mt. Ovando, 1900 metres, Chiapas.) Subtropical zone of the Sierra Madre in Chiapas, western Gua- temala and northern El Salvador. Aulacorhynchus prasinus virescens Ridgway Aulacorhynchus prasinus virescens Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 25, 1912, p. 88. (Chasniguas, Honduras.) Northern Guatemala, Quintana Roo, British Honduras, Hon- duras and northern Nicaragua. 72 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Aulacorhynchus prasinus volcanius Dickey and van Rossem Aulacorhynchus prasinus volcanius Dickey and van Rossem, Ibis, 1930, p. 50, f. 1b, p. 53. (Volcan San Miguel, 3000 feet, Dept. San Miguel, El Salvador.) Confined to Volcan San Miguel between 2500 and 4000 feet, El Salvador. Aulacorhynchus prasinus maxillaris Griscom Aulacorhynchus ceruleogularis maxillaris Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 141, 1924, p. 2. (Guayabo, Costa Rica.) Highlands of Costa Rica and western Chiriqui. Aulacorhynchus prasinus caeruleogularis (Gould) Aulacorhamphus ceruleogularis Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, pt. 21, 1853 (1854), p. 45. (Veragua; restricted to Cerro Flores, eastern Chiriqui, by Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 141, 1924, p. 2.) Highlands of eastern Chiriqui and Veraguas. Aulacorhynchus prasinus cognatus (Nelson) Aulacorhamphus ceruleigularis cognatus Nelson, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 1912, no. 3, p. 4. (Mt. Pirri, 5000 feet, Darién. ) Mountains of eastern Darién. Aulacorhynchus prasinus griseigularis (Chapman) Aulocorhynchus |sic] albivitta griseigularis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1915, p. 639. (Santa Elena, 9000 feet, Central Andes, Colombia. ) Colombia: subtropical to temperate zone at the northern end of the Western Andes and the western slope of the Central Andes. Aulacorhynchus prasinus phaeolaemus (Gould) Aulacorhamphus phaeolemus Gould, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 14, 1874, p. 184. (Concordia in Colombia and Mérida in Venezuela; Western Andes, Colombia fixed by Hellmayr, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1911, p. 1213, note.) Aulacorhamphus petax Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 21, 1908, p. 158. (San Antonio, 5800 feet, Rio Cali, Colombia.) Colombia: subtropical zone of the Western Andes, except at the northern end. Aulacorhynchus prasinus lautus (Bangs) Aulacorhamphus lautus Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 12, 1898, p. 173. (San Miguel, 7500 feet, Santa Marta Mts., Colombia. ) Colombia: subtropical zone of the Santa Marta Mts. FAMILY RAMPHASTIDAE 73 Aulacorhynchus prasinus albivitta (Boissonneau ) Pteroglossus albivitta Boissonneau, Rev. Zool., 1840, p. 70. (Bogota. ) Subtropical zone of the eastern slope of the Central Andes and both slopes of the Eastern Andes of Colombia; Andes of eastern Ecuador (except southeastern) ; Andes of Mérida, Venezuela. Aulacorhynchus prasinus cyanolaemus (Gould) Aulacorhamphus cyanolemus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866, p. 24. (Loxa [i.e. Loja], Ecuador.) Subtropical zone of the Andes of southeastern Ecuador and northern Pert. Aulacorhynchus prasinus dimidiatus (Ridgway) Aulacorhamphus dimidiatus Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 9, 1886, p. 93. (Locality unknown.) 1 — Probably inhabits northern Pert in Dept. of Huanuco. Aulacorhynchus prasinus atrogularis (Sturm) Pteroglossus atrogularis Sturm, Monogr. Ramphastidae, 1841, Heft 2, pl. 2 and text. (Andes of Pert; Chanchamayo, cen- tral Peru, designated by Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., ZOO Sciwl sprue e199) pa ao0, notela.) Fastern slopes of the Peruvian Andes in depts. of Ayacucho, Puno and Junin. Aulacorhynchus haematopygus sexnotatus (Gould) Aulacorhamphus sexnotatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868, p. 219. (Peru?) Subtropical zone of southwestern Colombia (Narifio) ; Andes of western Ecuador. Aulacorhynchus haematopygus haematopygus (Gould) Pteroglossus hematopygus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 2, 1834 (1835), p. 147. (No locality given; Concordia, Antioquia, Colombia, designated by Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Fist. Publi, Zool. Ser.; 13; pt. 2, 1919) p. 378, note d.) Subtropical zone of the Western, Central and Eastern Andes of Colombia and Sierra de Perija in extreme western Venezuela. 1 The types were found attached to an Indian bead belt from an unknown locality. The describer judged that they came from some part of the upper Orinoco region in Venezuela or from the upper Rio Negro region of Brazil, but it has been shown by Hellmayr (Arch. Naturg., 85, Abth. A, 1920, Heft 10, p. 125) that such is not the case. 74 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Aulacorhynchus coerulei-cinctis d’Orbigny Aulacorhynchus caerulei-cinctis d’Orbigny, Voy. Am. Merid., Ois., livr. 51, 1840, pl. 66, f. 2. (No locality.) Pteroglossus (Aulacoramphus) coeruleo-cinctus Tschudi, Arch. Naturg., 10, 1844, Bd. 1, p. 302. (No locality, ex d’Orbigny, pIGON 25) Aulacorhynchus ceruleo-cinctus d’Orbigny, Voy. Am. Meérid., Ois., livr., 89, 1847, p. 382. (Yancaché, Chupe and Irupana, Province of Yungas, Bolivia.) Aulacorhynchus caeruleicinctus borealis Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 85, 1933, p. 5. (Huacapistana, 7000 feet, Dept. Junin, Pert.) Subtropical zone of Pert and Bolivia. Aulacorhynchus huallagae Carriker Aulacorhynchus huallagae Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- delphia, 85, 1933, p. 5. (Utcubamba, 6000 feet, Dept. Liber- tad, Peru.) Known only from the type, taken on the trail to Utcubamba in the Huallaga Valley east of Tayabamba, Peru. Genus PTEROGLOSSUS ILticer Pteroglossus Illiger, Prodromus, 1811, p. 202. Type, by sub- sequent designation, Ramphastos aracari Linné. (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 50.) cf. Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 88, 1941, p. 196-198. Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 18, 1910, p. 397-400. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1938, p. 328-333. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 340- 348. SusceNnus PTEROGLOSSUS ILticEer Pteroglossus torquatus torquatus (Gmelin) Ramphastos torquatus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 354. (México; restricted to Veracruz by Brodkorb, infra.) Pteroglossus torquatus esperanzae Brodkorb, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, no. 401, 1939, p.6. (Finca Esperanza, 145 metres, Chiapas. ) Tropical zone from Veracruz and Oaxaca southward (except region occupied by the next race) through Central America to the Canal Zone (except region inhabited by P. ¢. frantzi). FAMILY RAMPHASTIDAE 15 Pteroglossus torquatus erythrozonus Ridgway Pteroglossus torquatus erythrozonus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 25, 1912, p. 88. (Temax, Yucatan.) Southeastern México in states of Campeche, Yucatan and Quin- tana Roo; northern Guatemala in Dept. of Petén; British Hon- duras. Pteroglossus torquatus frantzii Cabanis Pteroglossus Frantzii Cabanis, Sitzungsb. Nat. Ges. Freunde Berlin, Nov., 1861. (Costa Rica, type from Aguacate.) Tropical zone of the Pacific slope of Costa Rica south of the Gulf of Nicoya, and adjacent parts of western Panama. Pteroglossus torquatus nuchalis Cabanis Pteroglossus nuchalis Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 332. (Puerto Cabello, Venezuela.) Tropical zone of northern Colombia in the lower Cauca and Magdalena valleys and the Santa Marta region; coast region of northern Venezuela. Pteroglossus torquatus pectoralis Todd Pteroglossus torquatus pectoralis Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, 56, 1943, p. 160. (Santa Elena, Zulia, Venezuela.) Maracaibo basin, Venezuela. Pteroglossus sanguineus Gould Pteroglossus sanguineus Gould, Monogr. Rhamphastidae, ed. 2, 1854, pl. 21, upper fig. and text, part. (No locality given; San José, western Colombia suggested by Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 333.) The entire tropical west coast of Colombia and northwestern Ecuador. Pteroglossus erythropygius Gould Pteroglossus erythropygius Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 11, 1843, p. 15. (No locality = Realejo, Central America, ex Gould, Zool. Voy. ‘Sulphur’, Bds, 1844, p. 46; error = Ecua- dor.) Western Ecuador from the Chandron Valley to Esmeraldas. Pteroglossus castanotis castanotis Gould Pteroglossus castanotis Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, 1833 (1834), p. 119. (Brazil, restricted to the Rio SolimGes by Hellmayr.) Eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador and northeastern Peru, east to the Rio Negro and the north bank of the SolimGes. 76 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Pteroglossus castanotis australis Cassin Pteroglossus castanotis b, australis Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1867, p. 112. (Rio Parana.) Pteroglossus attalorhynchus M. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, p. 29. (Salto Guiaré, Puerto Bertoni and Rio Mondaih, Paraguay. ) Eastern Bolivia; western Brazil from the Jurua south and east in states of Mato Grosso, Goiaz, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo and Parana; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina in Territory of Mi- siones. Pteroglossus aracari roraimae Brabourne and Chubb Pteroglossus roraime Brabourne and Chubb, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), 10, 1912, p. 261. (British Guiana.) Southern and eastern Venezuela, British Guiana and Surinam. Pteroglossus aracari atricollis (P. L. S. Miiller) Ramphastos atricolis P. L. S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 83. (Brazil; error = Cayenne by substitution of Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 102.) Pteroglossus aracari amazonicus Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 19, 1935, p. 157. (Northern Brazil.) Cayenne; Brazil north of the Amazon west at least to Obidos. Pteroglossus aracari aracari (Linné) Ramphastos Aracari Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 104. (“America meridionali” = Brazil.) Pteroglossus wiedu Sturm, Monogr. Ramphastidae, pt. 4, 1847. (Southern Brazil; Rio de Janeiro designated as type locality by Pinto, 1938, p. 329.) Amazonian Brazil south of the Amazon, west to the Rio Madeira and southward in the coastal states to Espirito Santo and probably Rio de Janeiro. Pteroglossus aracari vergens Griscom and Greenway Pteroglossus aracari vergens Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 81, 1937, p. 431. (Valparaiso, Sao Paulo.) Brazil in states of Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo; this is probably the race occuring in Parana and Santa Catarina. Pteroglossus pluricinctus Gould Pteroglossus pluricinctus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, 1835 (1836), p. 157. (Brazil; restricted to the Rio Solimées by Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 101.) Tropical zone from the llanos de Meta, eastern Colombia to FAMILY RAMPHASTIDAE dali eastern Ecuador and eastern Peri and eastward to the upper Orinoco, Mt. Duida and the upper Rio Negro. Pteroglossus viridis humboldti Wagler Pteroglossus Humboldti Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827, Pteroglossus, sp. 4. (Brazil.) Southeastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, northeastern Pert and adjacent parts of western Brazil east to the Rio Solimées and the Rio Madeira, and northern Bolivia. Pteroglossus viridis didymus Sclater Pteroglossus didymus Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1890, p. 403. (Upper Amazonia.) Col. pl., Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, pl. 6. Range not known.? Pteroglossus viridis viridis (Linné) Ramphastos viridis Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 150. (Cayenne. ) Eastern Venezuela, the Guianas, and Brazil north of the Amazon east to Obidos. Pteroglossus viridis inscriptus Swainson Pteroglossus inscriptus Swainson, Zool. Illustr., 2, 1822, pl. 90 and text. (Interior of Guiana; error = Para, by designation of Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 399.) Amazonian Brazil south of the Amazon from the Guaporé and the Madeira to Para, extending eastward to Maranhao and Per- nambuco and south to northwestern Mato Grosso. Pteroglossus bitorquatus sturmii Natterer Pteroglossus sturmu Natterer in Sturm’s Monogr. Ramphast- idae, 3, 1842, p. 3, pl. 7. (Borba, Brazil.) Right bank of the Rio Madeira from Borba to Calama and the Rio Gy-Parana, extending into northwestern Mato Grosso. Pteroglossus bitorquatus reichenowi E. Snethlage Pteroglossus reichenowi E. Snethlage, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 195. (Monte Alegre, lower Amazon.) South bank of the lower Amazon between the Tapajoz and the Tocantins. 1 Known only from the unique type in the British Museum; P. didymus is almost certainly a race of P. viridis from which it is said to differ in hav- ing brown tibiae and a black streak on the culmen. 78 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Pteroglossus bitorquatus bitorquatus Vigors Pteroglossus bitorquatus Vigors, Zool. Journ., 2, 1826, p. 481. (No locality = northeastern Brazil.) South bank of the lower Amazon east of the Tocantins, and ad- jacent parts of northern Maranhao. Pteroglossus olallae Gyldenstolpe Pteroglossus olallae Gyldenstolpe, Ark. Zool., 33B, 1942, no. 12, p. 8. (Joao Pessoa, Rio Jurua, Brazil.) Known only from the unique type, taken on the left bank of the upper Rio Jurua, Amazonas, Brazil. Pteroglossus flavirostris flavirostris 1 Fraser Pteroglossus flavirostris Fraser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 8, 1840 (1841), p. 61. (New name for the species figured as Pteroglossus azarae in Gould’s Monogr. Ramphastidae, Rio Negro on the Amazon; = Rio Solimées, Brazil, substituted by Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 101.) Amazonian Colombia and eastern Ecuador eastward to southern Venezuela (Rio Caura, Mt. Duida) and northwestern Brazil (up- per Rio Negro region and the upper Rio Solimédes) ; Cayenne (?). Pteroglossus flavirostris azara (Vieillot) Ramphastos Azara Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 34, 1819, p. 282. (Brazil.) Western Brazil between the lower Rio Negro and the north bank of the Solimoes. Pteroglossus mariae Gould Pteroglossus marie Gould, Monogr. Ramphastidae, ed. 2, 1854, pl. 30 and text. (Lower Amazon; ‘Peruvian Amazons” sub- stituted by Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 14, 1907, p. 83.) Northeastern Pert, and western Brazil east to the Purus, chiefly south of the Solim6des; northern Bolivia (Puerto Salinas, Rio Chapare). SuBGENUS BEAUHARNAISIUS Bonaparte Beauharnaisius Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 95. Type, by tautonymy, Pteroglossus beauharnaesu Wagler. Pteroglossus beauharnaesii Wagler Pteroglossus Beauharnaesii Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 280. (State of Para, Brazil; upper Amazonian region of 1P. flavirostris, P. azara and P. mariae probably constitute a single specific entity, but see Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 56, 1943, p. 161-162. FAMILY RAMPHASTIDAE 79 eastern Pert: substituted by Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 373, note a.) Amazonian Pert, western Brazil east to the Rio Madeira, and northern Bolivia. Genus SELENIDERA GovuLp Selenidera Gould, Icon. Av., pt. 1, 1837, pl. [7] and text. Type, by subsequent designation, S. Gouldii (Natt.) = Pteroglossus gould Natterer (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 50.) cf. Germiny, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn., 11, 1930, p. 589-593 (p. 41-45 of separately paged reprint). poe” Buli. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 348- 351. Selenidera spectabilis Cassin Selenidera spectabilis Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1857, p. 214. (Cucuyos de Veragua, Panama.) Caribbean slope of Central America from Honduras to Darién; northwestern Colombia, and the lower Cauca Valley. Selenidera culik (Wagler) Pteroglossus Culik Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827, Pteroglossus, sp. 10. (Cayenne.) 1 The Guianas, and northern Brazil north of the Amazon from the Rio Negro to Obidos. Selenidera reinwardtii (Wagler) Pteroglossus Reinwardtu Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827, Pteroglossus, Spal ie (Brazils) Amazonian Colombia, eastern Ecuador, and northeastern Pert on the Rio Ucayali and in the Moyobamba-Yurimaguas region. Selenidera langsdorfhi (Wagler) Pteroglossus Langsdorffi Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827, Pteroglossus, sp. 12. (Brazil, restricted to Tefé, Rio Solimées, by Gyldens- tolpe, K. Svenska Vet. Akad. Handl., 22, 1945, no. 3, p. 116.) Eastern Peri from the lower Ucayali and the Moyobamba- Yurimaguas region? south to the Rio Comberciato and eastward into western Brazil to the Solimdes (Tefé) and probably the Purus. 1 Replaces Ramphastos piperivorus Linné, not identifiable. 2 Were it not for the fact that both S. reinwardtii and S. langsdorffi are recorded from the same region in northeastern Pert they would be con- sidered conspecific; indeed it seems highly probable that they are conspecific and that the apparent overlap may be due to intermingling of populations during the non-breeding season. 80 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Selenidera nattereri (Gould) Pteroglossus Nattereri Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, 18354 El836) hip wlis7eea (Brazile) Eastern Venezuela (Caura River) ; northwestern Brazil (upper Rio Negro, Rio Uaupés, Rio Solimdes (Tonantins) ) ; recorded by Gould from the Rio Madeira and specimens listed from British Guiana and Cayenne in Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, p. 152; also at- tributed to Surinam. Selenidera maculirostris hellmayri Griscom and Greenway Selenidera maculirostris hellmayri Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 81, 1937, p. 431. (Boim, Rio Tapajoz, Brazil.) Amazonian Brazil south of the Amazon from the lower Rio Madeira to the left bank of the Tapajoz. Selenidera maculirostris gouldii (Natterer) Pteroglossus Gouldii Natterer, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 5, 1837, p. 44. (Para.) Northeastern Brazil south of the Amazon from the right bank of the Tapajoz east to the Capim. Selenidera maculirostris maculirostris (Lichtenstein) Pteroglossus maculirostris Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823, p. 7. ( Brazil.) Southeastern Brazil in states of Baia, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. Genus ANDIGENA GovuLp Andigena Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 18, 1850 (1851), p. 93. Type, by subsequent designation, Pteroglossus hypo- glaucus Gould. (G. R. Gray, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 85.) cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 330-332; 55, 1926, p. 85, f. 12; p. 347-348. Germiny, Ois. et Rev. Franc. d’Orn., 11, 1930, p. 473-480 (p. 19-26 of reprint). SuscENus BAILLONIUS Cassin Baillonius Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1867, p. 114. Type, by monotypy and virtual tautonymy, Ramphastos bailloni Vieillot. FAMILY RAMPHASTIDAE 81 Andigena bailloni (Vieillot) Ramphastos Bailloni Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 34, 1819, p. 283. (No locality = Brazil ex LeVaillant, Hist. Nat. Tou- cans, no. 18.) Southeastern Brazil in states of Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana and Santa Catarina. Suscenus ANDIGENA GovuLp Andigena laminirostris Gould Andigena laminirostris Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 18, 1850 (1851), p. 93. (Quito, Ecuador.) Subtropical and temperate zones of southwestern Colombia and western Ecuador south to the Rio Chanchan. Andigena hypoglauca hypoglauca (Gould) Pteroglossus hypoglaucus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, 1833, p. 70. (No locality; Colombia designated by Bra- bourne and Chubb, Bds. So. Am., 1, 1912, p. 157.) Humid temperate zone of the Central Andes of Colombia. Andigena hypoglauca lateralis Chapman Andigena hypoglaucus lateralis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 96, 1923, p. 5. (Rumicruz, 9700 feet, Junin, Peru.) Humid temperate zone of eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru. Andigena cucullata (Gould) Pteroglossus cucullatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 14, 1846, p. 69. (Forests of Cocapata, Cochabamba, Bolivia.) Humid temperate zone of the Andes of Peru (Chachapoyas, Tamiapampa, Pumamarca) and Bolivia (Tilotilo, forests of Coca- pata, Incachaca, San Cristobal). Andigena nigrirostris occidentalis Chapman Andigena nigrirostris occidentalis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1915, p. 385. (San Antonio, 6600 feet, West- ern Andes above Cali, Colombia.) Subtropical zone of the Western Andes of Colombia. Andigena nigrirostris spilorhynchus Gould Andigena spilorhynchus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 26, 1858, p. 149. (“Forest of Beza, on the eastern side of the Cordillera in Ecuador.’’) Subtropical and temperate zones of the Central Andes of Co- lombia and northeastern Ecuador. 82 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Andigena nigrirostris nigrirostris (Waterhouse) Pteroglossus nigrirostris Waterhouse, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 7, 1839, p. 111. (No locality; Subia, near La Mesa, Co- lombia, designated by Chapman, antea, 1917, p. 331.) Subtropical zone of the Eastern Andes of Colombia. Genus RAMPHASTOS LINNE Ramphastos Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 103. Type, by subsequent designation, Ramphastos erythrorhynchus Gmelin = Ramphastos tucanus Linné (Vigors, Zool. Journ., 2, 1826, p. 471.) cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1917, p. 328-330; 55, 1926, p. 344-347. Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 81, 1937, p. 427-430. Gyldenstolpe, K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., (3), 22, 1945, no. 3, p. 112-114; 23, 1945, no. 1, p. 123-125. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1938, p. 324-328.. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 330- 340. Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 56, 1943, p. 153-160. Ramphastos vitellinus culminatus Gould Rhamphastos culminatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, 1833, p. 70. (México, error = Rio Solimées, Brazil, by des- ignation of Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 101.) Upper Amazonia east of eastern base of the Andes from Colom- bia to Bolivia and eastward to southern Venezuela, the Rio Ma- deira and western Mato Grosso. Ramphastos vitellinus vitellinus Lichtenstein Ramphastos vitellinus Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823, p. 7. (Cayenne.) Island of Trinidad; Venezuela (except southern), the Guianas, and Brazil north of the Amazon and east of the Rio Negro. Ramphastos vitellinus ariel Vigors Ramphastos ariel Vigors, Zool. Journ., 2, 1826, p. 466. (Rio de Janeiro. ) Brazil south of the Amazon from the Rio Tapajoz to Pernam- buco (not recorded from Ceara and Piaui and replaced by allied forms on the upper Parnaiba and in Goiaz), thence extending FAMILY RAMPHASTIDAE 83 southward through Baia, Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo to Santa Catarina. NOTE. Ramphastos osculans Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, 1835 (1836), p. 156. (Brazil, restricted to the upper Rio Negro by Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 100) and Ramphastos osculans berliozi Germiny, Ois., 11, 1930, p. 470. (Rio Negro, Brazil), represent an unstable popula- tion occurring where the ranges of culminatus, vitellinus and ariel adjoin; cf. Hellmayr, Ois. et. Rev. Frang. d’Orn. (n.s.), 3, 1933, p. 244-251. Ramphastos vitellinus pintoi Peters Rhamphastos [sic] vitellinus pintot Peters, Proc. New England Zool. Cl., 23, 1945, p. 79. (Jaragua, Rio das Almas, Goiaz, Brazil.) Southern Goiaz (Catalao, Jaragua, Inhumas) and western Sao Paulo (Itapura). Ramphastos vitellinus theresae Reiser Ramphastos theresae Reiser, Anz. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.- Naturwiss. Kl., 42, 1905, p. 322. (Rio Parnaiba, Piaui, Brazil.) The upper Parnaiba in Piaui and Maranhao. Ramphastos dicolorus Linné Ramphastos dicolorus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 152. (Cayenne, error = southeastern Brazil.) Southeastern Brazil in states of Goiaz, Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina. Ramphastos citreolaemus Gould Ramphastos citreolemus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 11, 1843 (1844), p. 147. (Bogota, Colombia. ) Colombia in the Magdalena and lower Cauca valleys; recorded from the Maracaibo basin in Venezuela. Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus Lesson 1 Ramphastos sulfuratus Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 3, July, 1830, p. 173. (México.) Ramphastos poecilorhynchus Lichenstein, Preiss-Verzeichn. Saugeth. Vog. Mexico gesam., 1830, p. 1. (Meéxico.) Southeastern México from Puebla, Oaxaca and Veracruz, south to northern Guatemala and British Honduras. 1 Replaces Ramphastos piscivorus Linné, 1766, not identifiable cf. Peters, Auk, 48, 1930, p. 406-407, 84 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Ramphastos sulfuratus brevicarinatus Gould Ramphastos brevicarinatus Gould, Monogr. Ramphastidae, ed. 2, 1854, pl. 3 and text. (Western side of the Isthmus of Panama. ) Ramphastos sulfuratus intermedius Carriker and de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 87, 1935, p. 427. (Qui- rigua, Guatemala.) Central America from southeastern Guatemala to Panama, across northern Colombia to the Santa Marta region and adjacent parts of Venezuela (Perija). Ramphastos swainsonii Gould Rhamphastos Swainsonit Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, 1833, p. 69. (Mountains of Colombia.) Southeastern Honduras to western Ecuador, eastward in Co- lombia to the Magdalena River. Ramphastos ambiguus brevis de Schauensee Ramphastos ambiguus brevis de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 97, 1945, p. 14. (Rio Mechengue, 2500 feet, Cauca, Colombia. ) Pacific Darién through western Colombia west of the Western Andes to western Ecuador. Ramphastos ambiguus ambiguus Swainson Ramphastos ambiguus Swainson, Zool. Illustr., 3, 1823, pl. 168 and text. (No locality = Buenavista, Colombia, by designa- tion of Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1917, p. 328.) Ramphastos abbreviatus Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 334. (Puerto Cabello, Venezuela. ) Ramphastos innominatus Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 56, 1943, p. 158. (El Tambor, Santander, Colombia. ) Subtropical zone, Eastern Andes of Colombia, Ecuador and Pert, and at the head of the Magdalena River in Colombia; mountains of northern and western Venezuela. Ramphastos aurantiirostris Hartert Ramphastos monilis aurantiirostris Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 143. (Essequibo River, British Guiana.) ? Venezuela, British Guiana, Surinam, Cayenne (trade skins). 1The specific arrangement of the Toucans of the aurantiirostris-tucanus- cuvieri-inca group depends upon the importance attached to bill color. Little is known of the possible changes in the color of this member due to age or season; there is much post-mortem fading and usually no collectors’ notes on the color during life. Furthermore there is no information available as to any possible seasonal movements which might account for the pres- ence of two of these “species” at the same locality. FAMILY RAMPHASTIDAE 85 Ramphastos tucanus Linné Ramphastos Tucanus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 103. (South America, restricted to Surinam by Griscom and Greenway, antea, p. 430.) Ramphastos haematorhynchus Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 99. (La Pricion, Caura River, Venezuela.) Southeastern Venezuela east of the Caura River, the Guianas and northern Brazil, chiefly north of the Amazon and west to Manaus, but extending into Maranhiao. Ramphastos cuvieri cuvieri Wagler Ramphastos Cuviert Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827, Ramphastos, sp. 5. (Brazil, on the Amazon; restricted to Borba, Rio Ma- deira by Griscom and Greenway, antea, p. 429.) Eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru and northern Bolivia, eastward to southern Venezuela (upper Orinoco, Mt. Duida), and the Rio Tapajéz. Ramphastos cuvieri oblitus Griscom and Greenway Ramphastos tucanus oblitus Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 81, 1937, p. 427. (Tauary, Rio Tapajoz, Bra- Zi) Amazonian Brazil from the Tapajéz, eastward to the upper Tocantins. Ramphastos inca Gould Ramphastos Inca Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 14, 1846, p. 68. (Chimorée in the country of the Yuracares Indians, Bolivia.) Eastern Bolivia. Ramphastos toco toco P. L. S. Miller Ramphastos Toco P. L. S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 82. (Cayenne, ex Buffon.) The Guianas, northern and eastern Brazil south to the vicinity of Belém; the Maranhao specimen may be referable here. Iden- tity of the race inhabiting Piaui and Baia not known. Ramphastos toco albogularis Cabanis Ramphastos albogularis Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 334. (Southern Brazil.) Brazil in states of Goiaz, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Mato Grosso, Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; north- ern Argentina in Salta, Tucuman, Chaco and Misiones; Bolivia.! 1 Birds from Bolivia and northwestern Argentina may possibly represent an undescribed race. 86 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD SuBORDER PICI Famity PICIDAE SuBFAMILY JYNGINAE Genus JYNX LINNE Jynx Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 112. Type, by monotypy, Jynx torquilla Linné. cf. C. Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 470-473. C. Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 59, 1939, (Bee Is Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, Heft 1, 1912, p. 937-941; 3, Heft 4/5, 1922, p. 2140. Hartert and Steinbacher, op. cit., Erganzungsb., Heft 4, 1935, p. 377-378. Hesse, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 6, 1912, p. 141-145. Witherby et al, Handb. Brit. Bds., 2, 1938, p. 292-296. Jynx torquilla torquilla Linné Jynx Torquilla Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 112. (Europe = Sweden ex Fn. Sv.) Iynx torquilla sarudnyi Loudon, Orn. Monatsb., 20, 1912, p. 44. (Transcaspia. ) Iynx torquilla hyrcana Sarudny, Orn. Mitt., 4, 1913, p. 141. (Rescht, Gilan. ) Iynx torquilla harterti Poljakov, Orn. Mitt., 6, 1915, p. 135. (Smeinogorsk dist. and Saissansk, Minussinsk dist. and Krass- noyarsk. ) Breeds in Europe and western Asia from southern England, northern Scandinavia, Finland, Russia and western Siberia, north to lat. 64° N. on the Yenissei and east to Lake Baikal, south to the Pyrennees, the Alps, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, the Caucasus and Tien Shan. Winters in the Mediterranean region, Africa south to the Equator, and India. Jynx torquilla tschusii Kleinschmidt Jynx torquilla tschusi Kleinschmidt, Falco, 1907, p. 103. (Sar- dinia. ) Resident in Italy and Dalmatia and on Sardinia and Corsica; the resident bird of Spain is probably referable to this race. Jynx torquilla mauretanica Rothschild Iynx torquilla mauretanica Rothschild, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 23, 1909, p. 103. (Algeria; type from Hammam Meskoutine. ) FAMILY PICIDAE 87 Northern Algeria; perhaps adjacent parts of Morocco and Tunisia. Jynx torquilla chinensis Hesse Iynx torquilla chinensis Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 181. (China; type from Tsingtau [ = Tsingtao, Shantung].) Jynx torquilla pallidior Rensch, Abh. Ber. Mus. Dresden, 16, 1924, no. 2, p. 40. (Sungpan, upper Min River, Szechwan.) Iynx torquilla intermedia Stegmann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 47, 1927, p. 73. (Chita, Siberia. ) Jynx torquilla incognita Stachanov, Alauda, 5, 1933, p. 250. (“Bana Djoutou, ¢ and Tschourschewnj 2”’.) Breeds from the southern end of Lake Baikal, northern Man- churia and the Amur south to northern India, northern Szechwan and the Yangtze Valley. Winters in India, Burma, southern China, Siam and northern Indochina. Jynx torquilla japonica (Bonaparte) Yunx japonica Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p.112. (Japan.) Jynx torquilla hokkaidi Kuroda, Auk, 38, 1921, p. 582. (Yu- betsu, Prov. Kitami, Hokkaido. ) Breeds on Sakhalin and Hokkaido; winters south to Shikoku and Kyushu. Jynx ruficollis thorbeckei Reichenow Iynx thorbeckei Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 20, 1912, p. 126. (Chang, Cameroons. ) Highland savanna country of middle Cameroons. Jynx ruficollis pulchricollis Hartlaub Iynx pulchricollis Hartlaub, Ibis, 1884, p. 28, pl. 3. (Babira, east of Bahr el Jebel.) French middle Congo to southwestern Sudan and northwestern Uganda. Jynx ruficollis aequatorialis Ruppell Iynx aequatorialis Ruppell, Mus. Senckenbergianum, 3, 1842, p. 121. (Southern provinces of Ethiopia. ) Ethiopia. Jynx ruficollis cosensi C. Grant Jynx ruficollis cosensi C. Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl, 35, 1915, p. 102. (Amala River, 5400 feet, Kenya Colony.) Inland portions of Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory. 88 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Jynx ruficollis ruficollis Wagler Jynx ruficollis Wagler, Nat. Syst. Amphibien, 1830, p. 118, note. (Kaffirland = Uitenhage, eastern Cape Province. ) Southern Africa from Landana, the Alima River, the Kivu Vol- canos and Nyasaland, south to Cape Province. SuBFAMILY PICUMNINAE Genus PICUMNUS TeEmMmMINcK Picumnus Temminck, PI. col., livr. 62, 1825, text to pl. 371. Type, by subsequent designation, Picus minutissimus (Gm.) Temm., Pl. enl. 786, f. 1 = Picumnus buffoni Lafresnaye. (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 54.) cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 92-95. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 356-358; 55, 1926, p. 370-372. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, no. 2, pt. 2, 1919, p. 501-511. Domaniewski, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polonici Hist. Nat., 4, 1925, p. 287-308. Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, Heft 2, 1912, p. 936-938. Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 418-421. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1938, p. 358-365. Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1946, p. 313-317. Zimmer, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 17, 1930, p. 313-315. Picumnus cinnamomeus cinnamomeus Wagler Picumnus cinnamomeus Wagler, Isis von Oken, 22, 1829, col. 646. (Cartagena. ) Arid tropical zone of northern Colombia extending into the coastal region of northwestern Venezuela. Picumnus cinnamomeus perijanus Zimmer and Phelps Picumnus cinnamomeus perijanus Zimmer and Phelps, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 1270, 1944 p. 5. (Las Mucuras, 60 meters, Rio Palmar, Perija, Zulia, Venezuela. ) Lowlands of the middle western and eastern shores of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela. Picumnus cinnamomeus venezuelensis Cory Picumnus venezuelensis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., 1, 1913, p. 288. (Encontrados, Zulia, Venezuela.) FAMILY PICIDAE 89 Humid forests at the southern end of Lake Maracaibo, Vene- zuela. Picumnus rufiventris rufiventris (Bonaparte) Asthenurus rufiventris Bonaparte, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 5, 1837 (1838), p. 120. (‘‘That portion of Brazil bordering on Peru.” ) Eastern Ecuador, northeastern Pert, and western Brazil on the Rio Purts. Picumnus rufiventris grandis Carriker Picumnus grandis Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 82, 1930, p. 367. (Puerto Yessup, Dept. Junin, Pert.) Central Peru in depts. of Huanuco and Junin, and on the upper Rio Ucayali; northern Bolivia in Dept. of Cochabamba. ?Picumnus fuscus Pelzeln Picumnus fuscus “Natterer” Pelzeln, Orn. Bras., Abth. 3, 1870, p. 242 nomen nudum, p. 335 orig. descr. (Rio Guaporé, Mato Grasso, Brazil.) Known only from the unique type, perhaps only the young of some other species of Picumnus. Picumnus castelnau Malherbe Picumnus castelnau Malherbe, Monogr. Picidées, 2,1862, p. 281; 4, pl. 117, f. 1, 2. (Sarayacu, Ecuador.) Eastern Ecuador on the Rio Napo and northeastern Peru on the Rio Ucayali. Picumnus leucogaster Pelzeln Picumnus leucogaster “Natterer” Pelzeln, Orn. Bras., Abth. 3, 1870, p. 241 nomen nudum, p. 335 orig. descr. (Forte do Rio Branco, Rio Cauamé. ) Middle Orinoco River in Venezuela and the Rio Branco region in northern Brazil. Picumnus limae Snethlage Picumnus limae E. Snethlage, Journ. f. Orn., 72, 1924, p. 448. (Serra do Castello, Ceara, Brazil.) Known only from the Serra do Castello in southern Ceara. Picumnus olivaceus dimotus Bangs Picumnus dimotus Bangs, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 39, 1903, p. 146. (Ceiba, Honduras.) Caribbean slope of Honduras and Nicaragua. 90 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Picumnus olivaceus flavotinctus Ridgway Picumnus flavotinctus Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 11, 1889, p. 543. (Pozo Azul de Pirris, southwestern Costa Rica.) Picumnus olivaceus panamensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, 24, 1911, p. 34. (Lion Hill Station, Panama Railway, Panama. ) Pacific slope of Costa Rica and western Panama to the Canal Zone. Picumnus olivaceus olivaceus Lafresnaye Picumnus olivaceus Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 7. (Bogota, Colombia. ) Eastern Panama, and northern Colombia in the lower Cauca and Magdalena valleys. Picumnus olivaceus harterti Hellmayr Picumnus olivaceus harterti Hellmayr, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 23, 1909, p. 67. (Paramba, northwestern Ecuador.) Southwestern Colombia and western Ecuador. Picumnus olivaceus tachirensis Phelps and Gilliard Picumnus olivaceus tachirensis Phelps and Gilliard, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 1153, 1941, p. 1. (Delicias, Paramo de Tama region, Tachira, Venezuela. ) Region south of Medellin, Colombia, and western part of the State of Tachira, Venezuela. Picumnus granadensis antioquensis Chapman Picumnus granadensis antioquensis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1915, p. 640. (Peque, 5000 feet, Western Andes, Antioquia, Colombia. ) . Northern end of the Andes in Dept. of Antioquia, Colombia. Picumnus granadensis granadensis Lafresnaye Picumnus granadensis Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1847, p. 78. (Cali, Colombia. ) Picumnus canus Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 23, 1910, p. 72. (Naranjito, Rio Dagua, western Colombia. ) Tropical zone of Colombia north of Barbacoas, the Cauca valley, and ranging into the subtropical zone of the Western Andes and the west slope of the Central Andes. Picumnus nebulosus Sundevall Picumnus nebulosus Sundevall, Consp. Av. Picinarum, 1866, p- 103. (South America; restricted to southern Brazil by Gyldenstolpe, Ark. Zool., 19A, 1926, no. 1, p. 77.) FAMILY PICIDAE 91 Picumnus jheringi Berlepsch, Ibis, 1884, p. 441. (Taquara do Mundo Novo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.) 1 Southern Brazil in states of Parana and Rio Grande do Sul. Picumnus exilis salvini Hargitt Picumnus salvini Hargitt, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 3, 1893, p. iii. (Locality unknown.) Range not known.? Picumnus exilis clarus Zimmer and Phelps Picumnus buffoni clarus Zimmer and Phelps, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 1312, 1946, p.6. (La Paragua, 280 meters, lower Paragua River, Bolivar, Venezuela.) Venezuela in the eastern part of the State of Bolivar. Picumnus exilis undulatus Hargitt Picumnus undulatus Hargitt, Ibis, 1889, p. 354. (Mt. Roraima, 5000 feet, and Camacusa, British Guiana. ) Mountains of southern and eastern Venezuela, Merumé Mts. in British Guiana, and the upper Rio Branco region in Brazil. Picumnus exilis buffoni Lafresnaye Picumnus Buffoni Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 6. (Ca- yenne. ) Picumnus penardi “Scl.” F. and A. Penard, De Vogels van Guyana, 1 [1908], p. 559. (Surinam.) Picumnus buffoni amazonicus E. Snethlage, Orn. Monatsb., 22, 1914, p. 39. (Santo Antonio do Cachoeira, Rio Jary, Para, Brazil.) Not Picumnus amagonicus E. Snethlage, 1906. Picumnus buffoni meridionalis Domaniewski, Ann. Zool. Mus Polonici Hist. Nat., 4, 1925, p. 296. New name for P. b. amazonicus Snethlage, 1914, preoccupied. Surinam, Cayenne and northeastern Brazil north of the Amazon. Picumnus exilis alegriae Hellmayr Picumnus exilis alegriae Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 419. (Tury-assi, Alto de Alegria, Maranhao, Brazil.) Forested coast region of northwestern Maranhio. Picumnus exilis exilis (Lichtenstein) Picumnus minutus of authors, not Motacilla minuta Linné. 1 cf. Gyldenstolpe, K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl., 23, 1945 no. 1, p. 137. 2T am unable to discover the basis on which Domaniewski gives Bogota as the type locality and the range as “Columbia”. 92 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Picus extlis H. Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823, p. 11. (Province of Sao Paulo; error = Baia.) Southern Baia. Picumnus borbae juruanus Gyldenstolpe Picumnus borbae juruanus Gyldenstolpe, Ark. Zool., 33B, 1941, no. 12, p.8. (Joao Pessoa, left bank of the Rio Jurua, Brazil.) Ucayali region of eastern Peru and western Brazil on the upper Jurua and the Eiru. Picumnus borbae borbae Pelzeln Picumnus Borbae Pelzeln, Orn. Bras., Abth. 3, 1870, p. 241 (nomen nudum), p. 334 (orig. descr.). ( Borba.) Picumnus olivaceus Natterer ms. Pelzeln, Orn. Bras., Abth. 3, 1870, p. 241, 334. In synonymy of P. borbae. Not P. olivaceus Lafresnaye, 1845. Brazil south of the Amazon from the right bank of the lower Madeira to the left bank of the Tapajoz. Picumnus aurifrons lafresnayi Malherbe Picumnus Lafresnayi “J. Verreaux” Malherbe, Monogr. Pic- idées, 2, 1862, p. 282; 4, pl. 118, f. 4, 5. (Ecuador.) Colombia (Caqueta), Ecuador (Zamora, Rio Suno, Oyacachi), Pert (Bellavista, Rio Curaray, Moyabamba). Picumnus aurifrons taczanowskii Domaniewski Picumnus punctifrons taczanowsku Domaniewski, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polonici Hist. Nat., 4, 1925, p. 297. (Huambo, north- eastern Peru.) Known only from the type locality. Picumnus aurifrons punctifrons Taczanowski Picumnus punctifrons Taczanowski, Orn. Pérou, 3, 1886, p. 65. (Monterico aid Huambo, Pert; restricted to Monterico by Domaniewski, 1925, p. 296.) Central Pert (Monterico, La Merced, Huachipa, Chanchamayo). Picumnus aurifrons flavifrons Hargitt Picumnus flavifrons Hargitt, Ibis, 1889, p. 229. (Sarayacu, Peru.) Eastern Pert on the Ucayali and western Brazil on the Jurua (Nova Olinda) and on the Solimdes (Tefé). Picumnus aurifrons purusianus Todd Picumnus aurifrons purusianus Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1946, p. 317. (Hyutanahan, Rio Purus, Brazil.) Western Brazil on the upper Rio Purts. FAMILY PICIDAE 93 Picumnus aurifrons pusillus Pinto Picumnus pusillus Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 20, 1936, p. 234. (Codajaz, left bank of the Rio Solimées, Brazil.) Western Brazil on the left bank of the Solimdes (Codajaz, Mana- capurt). Picumnus aurifrons wallacii Hargitt Picumnus wallacu Hargitt, Ibis, 1889, p. 230. (‘“Amazons’’.) Brazil south of the Amazon between the Purtis and the Madeira. Picumnus aurifrons aurifrons Pelzeln Picumnus aurifrons “Natterer’ Pelzeln, Orn. Bras., Abth. 3, 1870, p. 241 (nomen nudum), p. 334 (orig. descr.). (En- genho do Gama, Caicara, Salto do Girao, Borba.) Brazil south of the Amazon from the Guaporé and the Madeira to the left bank of the Tapajoz. Picumnus aurifrons transfasciatus Hellmayr and Gyldenstolpe Picumnus aurifrons transfasciatus Hellmayr and Gyldenstolpe, Ark. Zool., 29B, 1937, no. 6, p. 1. (Marai, east bank of the lower Tapajoz, Brazil.) Brazil south of the Amazon from the right bank of the Tapajoz to the Tocantins. Picumnus temminckii Lafresnaye Picumnus Temminckit Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 6. ( Paraguay.) Southeastern Brazil in states of Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; northeastern Argen- tina in Territory of Misiones. Picumnus cirratus confusus Kinnear Picumnus cirrhatus confusus Kinnear, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1927, p.112. (Takatu River, British Guiana. ) British Guiana (Takatu River, Takatu Mts.), Cayenne (Mana). Picumnus cirratus macconnelli Sharpe Picumnus macconnelli Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 4. (British Guiana; error, the type probably came from north- ern Brazil; Para substituted as type locality by Todd, 1946, 0% il) Picumnus amazonicus E. Snethlage, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906, p. 60. (Marajo Island.) Northern Brazil in State of Para (Obidos, Monte Alegre, San- tarem, Rio Tapaj6z, Rio Tocantins; Marajo Island). 94, CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Picumnus cirratus cirratus Temminck Picumnus cirratus Temminck, PI. col., livr. 62, 1825, pl. 371, f. 1. (Brazil and Paraguay. ) Southeastern Brazil in states of Baia (?), Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sido Paulo and Parana. Picumnus cirratus pilcomayensis Hargitt Picumnus pilcomayensis Hargitt, Ibis, 1891, p. 606. (Rio Pil- comayo, 1.e. lower Pilcomayo in about long. 58° 40’ W.) Southwestern Mato Grosso (Urucum), the Paraguayan Chaco, the Argentine Chaco in Formosa and Chaco and southward to northern Entre Rios (Santa Elena). Picumnus cirratus tucumanus Hartert Picumnus cirrhatus tucumanus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 16, 1909, p. 229. (Rio Colorado, Tucuman.) Northern Argentina in provinces of Tucuman and La Rioja. Picumnus cirratus thamnophiloides Bond and de Schauensee Picumnus cirratus thamnophiloides Bond and de Schauensee, Notulae Naturae, no. 105, 1942, p. 1. (Bermejo, 1350 feet, Tarija, Bolivia.) Southern Bolivia in Dept. of Tarija and northwestern Argentina in provinces of Jujuy and Salta. Picumnus cirratus d’orbygnianus Lafresnaye Picumnus d’Orbygnianus Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 7. (No locality = Bolivia.) Northern and central Bolivia in depts. of LaPaz, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz and Chuquisaca. Picumnus cirratus jelskii Taczanowski Picumnus jelskii Taczanowski, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1882, p. 41, pl. 2, f. 3. (Paltaypampa, Chanchamayo, Peru.) Picumnus irenae Domaniewski, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polonici Hist. Nat., 4, 1925, p. 292. (Garita del Sol, Vitoc Valley, central Pert.) = juv. 3 Picumnus jelskit vitocensis Domaniewski, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polonici Hist. Nat., 4, 1925, p. 293. (Garita del Sol, Vitoc Valley, central Peru.) Central Peru. Picumnus sclateri parvistriatus Chapman Picumnus parvistriatus Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 18, 1921, p.6. (Daule, Prov. Guayas, Ecuador.) Western Ecuador in provinces of Manavi and Guayas. FAMILY PICIDAE 95 Picumnus sclateri sclateri Taczanowski Picumnus sclatert Taczanowski, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1877, p. 327. (Lechugal, Pert.) Southwestern Ecuador in provinces of Loja and El Oro; north- western Pert in Department of Tumbes. Picumnus steindachneri Taczanowski Picumnus steindachneri Taczanowski, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, ISS2pm4O; ple Ziad St22) 2. (Chitimoto; Peri) Northeastern Pert in the Huayabamba Valley. Picumnus squamulatus squamulatus Lafresnaye Picumnus squamulatus Lafresnaye, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 6, 1854, p. 208. (Colombia. ) Colombia, east of the Eastern Andes, including the Santa Marta region. Picumnus squamulatus rohli Zimmer and Phelps Picumnus squamulatus rohli Zimmer and Phelps, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 1270, 1944, p. 6. (Cotiza, 1000 meters, Caracas, Venezuela. ) Venezuela from Perija, the Andes of Mérida and the upper Apure Valley, eastward through the Caracas region to Caripe in the mountains of northeastern Venezuela. Picumnus squamulatus obsoletus Allen Picumnus obsoletus Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, 1892, p255:22CE) Pilar,Venezuela.)) Northeastern Venezuela (E1 Pilar, Guaratinos, Yaguaraparo). Picumnus minutissimus (Pallas) Picus minutissimus Pallas, Neue Nordische Beytrage, 3, 1782, p. 5, pl. 1,f.2. (Surinam and Cayenne; restricted to Cayenne by Berlepsch, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 274.) Picumnus lepidotus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1863, Heft 2, p. 14. (No locality.) Picumnus spilogaster Sundevall, Consp. Av. Picinarum, 1866, p. 100. (Guiana.) Surinam and Cayenne. Picumnus pallidus Snethlage Picumnus pallidus E. Snethlage, Journ. f. Orn., 72, 1924, p. 449. (Flor do Prado, near Quatipurt, Para.) Known only from the type locality in eastern Para. 96 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Picumnus albosquamatus albosquamatus d’Orbigny Picumnus albosquamatus d’Orbigny, Voy. Am. Meérid., 4, Ois., livr. 50, 1840, pl. 64, f. 2; livr. 89, 1847, p. 380. (Rio Tama- nipaya, Yungas, Bolivia.) Bolivia in depts. of La Paz, Beni and Santa Cruz. Picumnus albosquamatus corumbanus Lima Picumnus lepidotus corumbanus Lima, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 12, 1920, pt. 2, p. 94, pl. 2, f. 2. (Corumba, Mato Grosso.) Picumnus arileucus Oberholser, Proc. Colorado Mus. Nat. Hist., 10, 1931, p. 25. (Descalvados, Mato Grosso. ) Southwestern Mato Grosso from Descalvados to Urucuim. Picumnus guttifer Sundevall Picumnus guttifer Sundevall, Consp. Av. Picinarum, 1866, p. 101. (Goiaz, Brazil.) Picumnus sagittatus var. Sharpei H. Thering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 5, 1902, p. 279. (Rincao, and Bauru, Sao Paulo.) Picumnus caipira H. Thering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 5, 1902, p. 280. (Victoria, Sao Paulo.) Brazil in states Maranhao, Goiaz, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso and Sao Paulo. Picumnus varzeae Snethlage Picumnus varzeae E. Snethlage, Orn. Monatsb. 20, 1912, p. 154. (Fazenda Paraiso, near Faro, Para.) Islands in the Amazon near Obidos and on the lower Rio Jamunda, Brazil. Picumnus pygmaeus (Lichtenstein) Picus pygmaeus H. Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823, p. 12. (Brazil = Baia.) Northeastern Brazil in states of Maranhao, Piaui and Baia. Picumnus asterias Sundevall Picumnus asterias Sundevall, Consp. Av. Picinarum, 1866, p. 97. (Brazil. ) Known only from the unique type. Picumnus pumilus Cabanis and Heine Picumnus pumilus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1863, Heft 2, p. 16. (No locality.) FAMILY PICIDAE 97 Picumnus stellae Berlespsch and Hartert,! Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 96. (Maipures,? upper Orinoco River, Colombia. ) Known only from the type of pumilus without locality, and the original series of eleven specimens of stellae, all from Maipures. Picumnus innominatus simlaensis (Ticehurst) Vivia innominata simlaensis Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 54, 1933, p. 20. (Murree.) Northwestern Himalayas from Murree to Dehra Dun. Picumnus innominatus innominatus Burton Picumnus innominatus Burton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 3, 1835 (1836), p. 154. (Himalayas = Sikkim.) Nepal and Sikkim to eastern Assam. Picumnus innominatus avunculorum Hartert Picumnus innominatus avunculorum Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 937. (Kotagiri, Nilgiri Hills, India.) Southern India from North Kanara to Travancore. Picumnus innominatus malayorum Hartert Picumnus innominatus malayorum Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 937. (Gunong Ijau, Perak, Malay Peninsula.) Vizagapatam region of eastern India, eastern Burma, South Shan Sia Tonkin, Annam, Laos, Siam, Malay States, Sumatra, orneo. Picumnus innominatus chinensis (Hargitt) Vivia chinensis Hargitt, Ibis, 1881, p. 228, pl. 7. (“May-chee, China,” = Meiki River, Chekiang ?) China in provinces of Kansu, Szechwan, Yunnan, Hupeh, Kiangsu Chekiang, Fukien, Kiangsi, Kwangsi and Kwangtung ; northeastern Tonkin (Langson, 1500 meters). GeNusS NESOCTITES Harcitt Nesoctites Hargitt, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 18, 1890, p. 8 (in key), p. 552. Type, by original designation and monotypy, Picum- nus micromegas Sundevall. Cie oe a Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 307- 1QOne of the type series of P. stellae, loaned by the American Museum bears the following notation in Hellmayr’s handwriting “= pumilus Cab. and Heine type examined by C. E. H.” 2For a statement on the location of Maipures, see Dugand and Phelps, Caldasia, 4, 1946, p. 243-276. 98 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Wetmore and Swales, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 155, 1931, p. 296-299. Nesoctites micromegas micromegas (Sundevall) Picumnus micromegas Sundevall, Consp. Av. Picinarum, 1866, p. 95. (Brazil; error = Hispaniola.) Island of Hispanola. Nesoctites micromegas abbotti Wetmore Nesoctites abbotti Wetmore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 41, 1928, p. 167. (Gonave Island.) Gonave Island. GENUS VERREAUXIA HartTiaus Verreauxia Hartlaub, Arch. Naturg., 22, 1856, Bd. 2, p. 28. Type, by original designation, Sasia africana J. [and E.] Ver- reaux. Blax Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 2, 1894, p. 126. Type, by original designation and monotypy, Blax gymnophthalmus Reichenow. Not Blax Thomson, 1860, Insecta. Blacops Richmond, Auk, 16, 1899, p. 186. New name for Blax Reichenow, preoccupied. cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 460-462. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 559-562. Verreauxia africana (Verreaux and Verreaux) Sasia africana J. and E. Verreaux, Rev. et. Mag. Zool. (2), 7, 1855, p. 217. (Gaboon.) Blax gymnophthalmus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 2, 1894, p. 126. (Jaunde, Cameroons. ) Nigeria (Lokoja, sight record only), southern Cameroons, Ga- boon and the Congo forest, eastward to the upper Ituri and south to the Kasai district. Genus SASIA Hopcson Sasia Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 5, 1836, p. 778. Type, by original designation, Sasia ochracea Hodgson. cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 95-98. Deignan, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 186, 1945, p. 253-254. Seeecuanm Arch. Naturg., 87, Abth. A, 1921, Heft 7, p. 108- 09. Sasia ochracea ochracea Hodgson Sasia ochracea Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 5, 1836, p. 778. (Nepal.) FAMILY PICIDAE 99 The Himalayas from Garhwal through Nepal and Sikkim to Assam north of the Brahmaputra. Sasia ochracea kinneari Stresemann Sasia ochracea kinneari Stresemann, Journ. f. Orn., 77, 1929, p. 335. (Mts. of northern Kwangsi, 3000-4000 feet.) Southeastern Yunnan, Kwangsi and Tonkin. Sasia ochracea querulivox Stuart Baker Sasia ochracea querulivox Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1926, p. 43. (Tipperah Hills, eastern Bengal.) Assam south of the Brahmaputra, eastern Bengal, Manipur, Hill Tipperah, and northwestern Burma. Sasia ochracea reichenowi Hesse Sasia ochracea reichenowt Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 181. (Burma; type from Thayetchaung, Tenasserim. ) Burma (except areas inhabited by S. 0. querulivox), Southern Shan States, northern Tenasserim, northern and eastern Siam, Laos, Annam and Cochinchina. Sasia ochracea hasbroucki Deignan Sasia ochracea hasbroucki Deignan, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., 37, 1947, p. 25. (Maliwun, Mergui Dist., Tenasserim. ) Southern Tenasserim from about lat. 12° 30’ N., south to the Isthmus of Kra. Sasia abnormis abnormis (Temminck) Picumnus abnormis Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 62, 1825, pl. 371, Pos. -(hava.) Sasia everetti Hargitt, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 18, 1890, p. 555 (in key), p. 559, pl. 15. (Lumbidan, Borneo.) Southern Tenasserim and southwestern Siam southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra, Billiton, Java (absent from the eastern part), Borneo. Sasia abnormis magnirostris Hartert Sasia abnormis magnirostris Hartert, Nov. Zool., 8, 1901, p. 51. (Nias Island. ) Nias Island. SUBFAMILY PICINAE Genus GEOCOLAPTES Swainson Geocolaptes Burchell MS. Swainson, in Swainson and Richard son, Fauna Bor.-Am., 2, 1831 (1832), p. 315, note. Type, by 100 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD original designation and monotypy, Picus terrestris Burchell = Picus olivaceus Gmelin. Sclater, in Stark and Sclater, Bds. S. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 126- 128. Geocolaptes olivaceus (Gmelin) Picus olwvaceus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 431. (Cape of Good Hope.) South Africa north to the van Rhynsdorp and Carnarvon dis- tricts, Pretoria and’ Natal; Drakensberg. cf. Roberts, Bds. S. Afr., 1940, p. 182, pl. 29, f. 445. Genus COLAPTES Vicors Colaptes Vigors, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 14, pt. 3, 1826, p. 457, note. Type, by original designation, Cuculus auratus Linné. Soroplex Gloger, Hand-und Hilfsb. Naturg., 1842 (1841), p. 198. Type, by monotypy, Picus campestris Vieillot. Pituipicus Bonaparte, Ateneo Italiano, 2, 1854, p. 126. (Consp. Vol. Zygodact., p. 11). Type, by monotypy, Picus chilensis [Garnot and] Lesson = Picus pitius Molina. cf. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 410-416. Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 405-400. Pergolani, Hornero, 8, 1942, p. 152-170, pl. 2. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 12-39. Zimmer, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 17, 1930, p. 307-308. Colaptes cafer cafer (Gmelin) Picus cafer Gmelin, Syst. Nat. 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 431. (Cape of Good Hope, error = Bay of Good Hope, Nootka Sound, British Columbia 1). Colaptes mexicanus saturatior Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, 2, 1884, p. 90. (Neah Bay and Simiahmoo, Wash- ington. ) Northwest coast of North America from southern Alaska (Sitka) to Humboldt County, California. Colaptes cafer collaris Vigors Colaptes collaris Vigors, Zool. Journ., 4, 1829, p. 354. (West- ern shores of North America = Monterey, California. ) 1¢f, Palmer, Auk, 33, 1916, p. 322. FAMILY PICIDAE 101 Colaptes cafer canescens Brodkorb, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, no. 314, 1935, p. 1. (Bear Lake Ouitlet, 5900 feet, 4 miles southwest of Montpelier, Bear Lake Co., Idaho.) Colaptes cafer chihuahuae Brodkorb, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, no. 314, 1935, p. 2. (Thirty miles west of Mifiaca, Chihuahua. ) Southeastern British Columbia, southern Alberta and south- western Saskatchewan, south to southern California, Sonora, Chihuahua, Durango and Zacatecas; migratory in the northern part of its range. Along the western border of the Great Plains hybridizes extensively with C. auratus. ? Colaptes cafer sedentarius van Rossem Colaptes cafer sedentarius van Rossem, Condor, 46, 1944, p. 245. (Prisoners’ Harbor, Santa Cruz Island, California.) Resident on Santa Cruz Island, California. Doubtfully distinct from C. c. collaris. + Colaptes cafer rufipileus Ridgway Colaptes mexicanus rufipileus Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr., 2, no. 2, 1876, p. 191. (Guadalupe Island, Baja California. ) Formerly resident on Guadalupe Island off the Pacific coast of Baja California; now extinct. Colaptes cafer martirensis Grinnell Colaptes cafer martirensis Grinnell, Auk, 44, 1927, p. 67. (La Grulla, 7200 feet, Sierra San Pedro Martir, Baja California. ) Baja California on the western slopes of the Sierra San Pedro Martir and Sierra Juarez. Colaptes cafer nanus Griscom Colaptes cafer nanus Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 75, 1934, p. 381. (Ipina, San Luis Potosi, México.) Northeastern México in states of Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Ta- maulipas and San Luis Potosi, extending into southwestern Texas (Chisos Mts.). Colaptes cafer mexicanus Swainson Colaptes Mexicanus Swainson, Philos. Mag., n.s., 1, 1827, p. 440. (Real del Monte, Hidalgo, México.) Central México in states of Nayarit, Jalisco, Hidalgo, Veracruz, Puebla, Mexico, Morelos, Michoacan, Guerrero and Oaxaca. Colaptes cafer mexicanoides Lafresnaye 1 Replaces Colaptes sub-mexicanus Sundevall of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 102 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Colaptes mexicanoides Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1844, p. 42. (México. ) Highlands of Chiapas and Guatemala. Colaptes cafer pinicolus Dickey and van Rossem Colaptes mexicanoides pinicolus Dickey and van Rossem, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 41, 1928, p. 131. (Los Esesmiles, 8000 feet, Dept. Chalatenango, El Salvador.) Highlands of El Salvador, Honduras and northern Nicaragua. Colaptes auratus borealis Ridgway Colaptes auratus borealis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, 24, 1911, p. 31. (Nulato, lower Yukon River, Alaska.) From limit of trees in Alaska, Mackenzie, northern Manitoba and Labrador (lat. 55°N.) southward (east of the Rockies) to eastern Montana, northern Ontario and Anticosti Island; south in winter to the Mississippi Valley, Arizona and California. Colaptes auratus luteus Bangs Colaptes auratus luteus Bangs, Auk, 15, 1898, p. 177. (Water- town, Massachusetts. ) Breeds from eastern Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, south- ern Ontario, southern Quebec and Newfoundland, southward east of the Rocky Mountains, to northern Texas, northern Arkansas, southeastern Missouri, Kentucky and south-central and western Virginia, and in the mountains of eastern Tennessee and western North Carolina. Winters in reduced numbers in the northern parts of its range and to southern Texas, the Gulf Coast and the South Atlantic States. Colaptes auratus auratus (Linné) Cuculus auratus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 112. (Car- olina, 7.e., South Carolina. ) Resident from eastern Texas, southern Arkansas, southeastern Missouri, Tennessee, North Carolina and southeastern Virginia, to the Gulf Coast and southern Florida. Extends up the Mississippi Valley to southern Illinois and southern Indiana. Colaptes auratus chrysocaulosus Gundlach Colaptes chrysocaulosus Gundlach, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, 6, 1858, p. 273. (Cuba.) Island of Cuba. Colaptes auratus gundlachi Cory Colaptes gundlachi Cory, Auk, 3, 1886, p. 498, 502. (Island of Grand Cayman, West Indies.) Island of Grand Cayman. FAMILY PICIDAE 103 Colaptes chrysoides mearnsi Ridgway Colaptes chrysoides mearnsi Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, 24, 1911, p. 32. (Quitovaquito, Arizona.) Southeastern California and southwestern Arizona to north- western Baja California and northern Sonora; Tiburon Island. Colaptes chrysoides tenebrosus van Rossem Colaptes chrysoides tenebrosus van Rossem, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 6, 1930, p. 171. (Obregén, Sonora, México.) Central and southern Sonora and northern Sinaloa. Colaptes chrysoides brunnescens Anthony Colaptes chrysoides brunnescens Anthony, Auk, 12, 1895, p. 347. (San Fernando, Baja California.) Central Baja California between lat. 28° and 30° N. Colaptes chrysoides chrysoides (Malherbe) Geopicus (Colaptes) chrysoides Malherbe, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 4, 1852, p. 553. (America; Cape San Lucas, Baja Cali- fornia fixed as type locality by Anthony, Auk, 12, 1895, p. 347.) Baja California south of lat. 28° N. Colaptes rupicola cinereicapillus Reichenbach Colaptes cinereicapillus Reichenbach, Handb. spec. Orn., cont. xii, 1854, Scansoriae c Picinae, p. 416, pl. DCLXXX, figs. 4489-90. (Guayabamba, Peru.) Highlands of northern Peru. Colaptes rupicola puna Cabanis Colaptes puna Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 31, 1883, p. 98. (High- lands of western Peri = Jauli Valley, Peru, ex Lichtenstein, Nomencl. Av., 1854, p. 77, where a nomen nudum.) Highlands of central and southern Peru. Colaptes rupicola rupicola d’Orbigny Colaptes rupicola d’Orbigny. Voy. Am. Mérid., Ois., livr. 51, 1840, pl. 62, f. 1 (No locality.) ; idem, livr. 89, 1847, p. 377. (La Paz, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba and Potosi, Bolivia; type from Sicasica, fide Ménégaux, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris (10), 1, 1909, p. 207-208. ) Highlands of Bolivia, northwestern Argentina in provinces of Jujuy, Catamarca, Salta and Tucuman, and northern Chile in Province of Tarapaca. 104 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Colaptes pitius pitius (Molina) Picus Pitius Molina, Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chili, 1782, p. 343. (Chile. ) Central and southern Chile from Aconcagua to the Guaitecas Islands. Colaptes pitius cachinnans Wetmore and Peters Colaptes pitius cachinnans Wetmore and Peters, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 35, 1922, p. 43. (Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. ) Wooded eastern slopes of the Andes in Argentina from Neuquén to Santa Cruz. Colaptes campestris chrysosternus (Swainson) Picus chrysosternus Swainson, Mem. Wernerian Nat. Hist. Soc., 3, 1821, p. 289 (Sertao of Bahia, Brazil.) Soroplex campestris ceare Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 414, note b. (Quixada, Ceara. ) Northeastern Brazil in states of Maranhao, Ceara, Pernambuco and northern Baia; eastern Para(?). Colaptes campestris campestris (Vieillot) Picus campestris Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 26, 1818, p. 101. ( Paraguay.) Eastern Bolivia; central and southeastern Brazil in states of Mato Grosso, Goiaz, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana, Minas Gerais. Colaptes campestris campestroides (Malherbe) Geopicos (Colaptes) campestroides Malherbe, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 541. (South America.) Geopicos agricola Malherbe, Mém Acad. Nat. Metz, 30, 1848- 1849 (1849), p. 359, nomen nudum. Geopicus agricola Malherbe, Monogr. Picidées, 2, 1862, p. 254; 4, pl. 108, figs. 4, 5. (Brazil.) First description. Southern Brazil in State of Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; Uruguay; greater part of Argentina south to Rio Negro and La Pampa; Bolivia(?).} 1 Specimen without exact locality, recorded by Pergolani, antea, p. 167; Malherbe, t.c., 1862, states that the specimen in the Stuttgart Museum is from Bolivia; this form not listed from Bolivia by Bond and deSchauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 95, 1943, p. 216. FAMILY PICIDAE 105 Genus NESOCELEUS Sc ater AND SALVIN Nesoceleus Sclater and Salvin, Nomencl. Av. Neotrop., 1873, p. 101, 155. Type, by original designation and monotypy, Co- laptes fernandinae Vigors. cf. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 39-41. Nesoceleus fernandinae (Vigors) Colaptes Fernandine Vigors, Zool. Journ., 3, 1827, p. 445. (Near Habana, Cuba.) Island of Cuba. Genus CHRYSOPTILUS Swainson Chrysoptilus Swainson, in Swainson and Richardson, Fauna Bor.-Am., 2, 1831 (1832), p. 300. Diagnosis only; species added, Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 308. Type, by sub- sequent designation, C. cayanensis (Gm.) Swains., pl. enl. 613 = Picus punctigula Boddaert. (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840. p. 54.) cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 348-350. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 440-447. Laubmann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 20, 1934, p. 297-308. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1938, p. 342-344. Steullet and Deautier, Obra del Cincuentenario del Mus. de La Plata, 1, entr. 4, 1946, p. 955-973. Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1946, p. 301-304. Wetmore, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 133, 1926, p. 219-223. Chrysoptilus melanochloros mariae Hargitt Chrysoptilus marie Hargitt, Ibis, 1889, p. 59. (Chamicuros, Peru, error = Marajo Island.) Known only from Marajo Island at the mouth of the Amazon, and from Mangunga Island off the northern shore of Maranhao. Chrysoptilus melanochloros flavilumbis (Sundevall) ee aig: Sundevall, Consp. Av. Picinarum, 1866, p. 74. aia. Chrysoptilus melanochlorus jue Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 441 (in key), p. 444, note a. (Jua, near Iguati, Ceara, Brazil.) Eastern Brazil in states of Maranhao, Piaui, Ceara, Pernambuco and northeastern Baia. 106 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Chrysoptilus melanochloros nattereri (Malherbe) Picus Natterert Malherbe, Mém. Soc. Roy. Sci. Liége, 2, 1845, p. 66. (Brazil = Cuyaba, Mato Grosso.) Eastern Bolivia; Brazil in states of Baia (Ilha Madre de Deus, Corupeba), Goiaz, western Minas Gerais, western Sao Paulo, Mato Grosso. Chrysoptilus melanochloros melanochloros (Gmelin) Picus melanochloros Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 427. (Cayenne; error, Rio de Janeiro substituted by Hellmayr, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 12, 1915, p. 154.) Brazil in states of Minas Gerais (eastern), Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, SAo Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul and Mato Grosso (southeastern). ? Chrysoptilus melanochloros cristatus (Vieillot) Picus cristatus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 26, 1818, p. 98. (Paraguay; restricted to Colonia Nueva Germania, north- eastern Paraguay by Laubmann, anéea, p. 304.) Eastern Paraguay; Uruguay; northeastern Argentina in Mi- siones and northeastern Corrientes. Chrysoptilus melanochloros melanolaimus (Malherbe) Chrysopicus Melanolaimus Malherbe, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Mo- selle, 8™° cahier, 1857, p. 11. (Chile? and Bolivia.) Colaptes leucofrenatus Leybold, Leopoldina, 8, 1873, p. 53. (Es- tancia la Aguirre [near San Carlos], Mendoza, Argentina.) Bolivia in departments of Cochabamba, Potosi and Tarija, south- ward in western Argentina in provinces of Jujuy, western Salta, Tucuman, western Santiago del Estero, Catamarca, La Rioja, western Cordoba, Mendoza, San Luis, La Pampa and northern Neuqueén. Chrysoptilus melanochloros nigroviridis C. Grant Chrysoptilus nigroviridis C. Grant, Ibis, 1911, p. 321. (Rio Pilcomayo, Paraguay.) Bolivian and Paraguayan Chaco east to the Rio Paraguay and south into northern Argentina in eastern Salta, Formosa, Chaco, northeastern Santiago del Estero and northern Santa Fé. Chrysoptilus melanochloros perplexus Cory Chrysoptilus melanolemus perplexus Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, no. 2, pt. 2, 1919, p. 442, note b. (Conchitas, Buenos Aires.) 1This species does not occur in Chile; the type in the British Museum from Bolivia is the specimen figured in Malherbe’s Monogr. Picidées, pl. 89, £.7. FAMILY PICIDAE 107 Eastern Argentina in southern Santa Fé, southern Corrientes, Entre Rios and Buenos Aires. Chrysoptilus melanochloros patagonicus Laubmann Chrysoptilus melanolaimus patagonicus Laubmann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 20, 1934, p. 302. (Rio Lamay [= Limay], Patagonia. ) Western Argentina in southern Neuquén and western Rio Negro. Chrysoptilus punctigula lutescens Griscom Chrysoptilus punctigula lutescens Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 69, 1929, p. 16. (E1 Real, Darién.) Eastern Darién; doubtfully distinct from C. p. ujhelyi. Chrysoptilus punctigula ujhelyii Madarasz Chrysoptilus ujhelyui Madarasz, Orn. Monatsb., 20, 1912, p. 97. (Aracataca, south of Santa Marta, Colombia. ) Arid Caribbean coastal region of northern Colombia. Chrysoptilus punctigula striatigularis Chapman Chrysoptilus punctigula striatigularis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, 1914, p. 611. (Cali, 3500 feet, Cauca Valley, Colombia. ) Tropical zone of Colombia west of the Eastern Andes south to about lat. 4° N. Chrysoptilus punctigula punctipectus Cabanis and Heine Chrysoptilus punctipectus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1863, Heft 2, p. 163, note. (Venezuela. ) Colombia east of the Eastern Andes and the larger part of Venezuela, except those areas occupied by other races. ? Chrysoptilus punctigula notatus Cory Chrysoptilus punctigula notata Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 442 (in key), 445 (in key), p. 446. (“Colombia’”’.) Known only from the unique type; perhaps only an aberrant specimen of C. p. punctipectus. Chrysoptilus punctigula zuliae Cory Chrysoptilus punctigula zuliae Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., 1, 1915, p. 305. (Encontrados, Zulia, Vene- zuela. ) Humid forest region southwest of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela. 108 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Chrysoptilus punctigula speciosus (Malherbe) Chloropicus speciosus Malherbe, Monogr. Picidées, 4, 1862, pl. 87, f. 6. (No locality = Nauta, Pert, ex Sclater MS.) Southeastern Colombia, eastern Pert and the Amazon valley in Brazil eastward to the Rio Negro on the north and to the Purts and northeastern Bolivia on the south. Chrysoptilus punctigula punctigula (Boddaert) Picus punctigula Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 37. (Ca- yenne; based on Daubenton, pl. 613.) Surinam and Cayenne ?. Chrysoptilus punctigula rubidipectus Todd Chrysoptilus punctigula rubidipectus Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1946, p. 303. (Islands near Obidos, Brazil.) Brazil north of the Amazon from the region about Obidos north- eastward to the French Guiana frontier. Chrysoptilus punctigula guttatus (Spix) Picus guttatus Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 61, pl. 53, f. 1. (For- ests of the Amazon, = Santarem, Brazil.) Chrysoptilus punctigula pallidior Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 81, 1937, p. 431. (Lago Grande, Amazon River, Brazil.) South bank of the lower Amazon valley in the vicinity of the mouth of the Tapajoz. Chrysoptilus atricollis atricollis (Malherbe) Chrysopicos atricollis Malherbe, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 2, 1850, jo, LEO, (Lert) Western Pert (Rio Pacasmayo, Lima, Menucucho, Hacienda Llagueda. ) Chrysoptilus atricollis peruvianus Reichenbach Chrysoptilus peruvianus Reichenbach, Handb. spec. Orn., cont. xii, 1854, Scans. c Picinae, p. 340, 419, pl. DCLXXX, figs. 4493-94. (Pert; Cutervo designated as type locality by Zimmer, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 17, 1930, p. 309. ) Chrysoptilus atricollis lymani Bangs and Noble, Proc. New Eng- land Zool. Cl., 6, 1918, p. 85. (Huancabamba, Pert.) Eastern Pert (Cutervo, Callacate, Chachapoyas, Huancabamba, Rio Marafion.) 1The Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 18, p. 117 lists two specimens from Trinidad where the species is not known to occur, and one from “Demerara”; no woodpecker of this genus is recorded in Chubb’s Bds. Brit. Guiana. FAMILY PICIDAE 109 Genus PICULUS Spix Piculus Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, 34 p. of index. Type, by sub- sequent designation Piculus macrocephalus Spix = Picus chrysochloros Vieillot. (Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, 36, 1923, p. 201. Chloronerpes Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 307. Type, by subsequent designation, C. rubiginosus Swains. Zool. Il., pl. 14 = Picus rubiginosus Swainson. (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 54.) Hypoxanthus Bonaparte, Ateneo Italiano, 2, 1854, p. 126. (Consp. Vol. Zygodact., p. 11.). Type, by monotypy and tautonymy, Picus rivolu Boissonneau = Colaptes hypoxan- thus Blyth, 1845. cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 345-348; 55, 1926, p. 359-361. , Am. Mus. Novit., no. 96, 1923, p. 6-7. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, no. 2, pt. 2, 1919, p. 416-417; 433-440. Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 408-410. Hesse, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 6, 1912, p. 236-244. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1938, p. 339-342. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 124 138. Piculus rivolii quindiuna (Chapman) Hypoxanthus rivolu quindiuna Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 96, 1923, p. 6. (Laguneta, 10300 feet, Central Andes, Co- lombia. ) Humid temperate and subtropical zones of the north portion of the Central Andes of Colombia. Piculus rivolii rivolii (Boissonneau ) Picus Rivolu Boissonneau, Rev. Zool., 1840, p. 36. (No type locality ; Chipaque, 9500 feet, 15 miles east of Bogota, desig- nated by Chapman, 1917, p. 345.) Temperate zone of the Eastern Andes of Colombia. Piculus rivolii meridae (Chapman) Hypoxanthus rivoli meride Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 96, 1923, p. 6. (Mérida, Venezuela.) Humid temperate zone of the Andes of Mérida, Venezuela. 110 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Piculus rivolii brevirostris (Taczanowski) Hypoxanthus brevirostris Taczanowski, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, 1874 (1875), p. 546. (Higos and Chilpes, central Peru.) Temperate and subtropical zones of the Andes from southwest- ern Colombia and Ecuador to central Peru. Piculus rivolii atriceps (Sclater and Salvin) Hypoxanthus atriceps Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, 1876, p. 254. (Huasampilla, Pert.) Southeastern Pert to Bolivia. Piculus auricularis sonoriensis van Rossem and Hachisuka Piculus auricularis sonoriensis van Rossem and Hachisuka, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 50, 1937, p. 195. (Rancho Santa Barbara, 5000 feet, 20 miles northeast of Guirocoba, southeastern Sonora.) Western México in southeastern Sonora and possibly adjacent portions of Chihuahua and Sinaloa. Piculus auricularis auricularis (Salvin and Godman) Chloronerpes auricularis Salvin and Godman, Ibis, 1889, p. 381. (Xautipa, Sierra Madre del Sur, Guerrero.) Western México in southern Sinaloa, Jalisco and Guerrero. Piculus aeruginosus (Malherbe) Chrysopicus e@ruginosus Malherbe, Monogr. Picidées, 2, 1862, p. 171; 4, pl. 903, figs. 1, 2, 3. Ex Lichtenstein ms, nomen nudum (México.) Northeastern México in southern Nuevo Leon, southern Ta- maulipas, San Luis Potosi, northern Veracruz and Puebla. Piculus rubiginosus yucatanensis (Cabot) Picus Yucatanensis Cabot, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 1, 1844, p. 164. (Yucatan; type from the road between Chemax and Yalahao, ex Boston Journ. Nat. Hist., 5, 1845, p. 92.) Southern Veracruz, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Yucatan, northern Gua- temala, British Honduras, Honduras, El Salvador and Nicaragua. ? Piculus rubiginosus differens Griscom Piculus rubiginosus differens Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 379, 1929, p. 11. (Finca Carolina, 3000 feet, ten miles south of Tumbador, district of San Marcos, Guatemala. ) Pacific slope of Guatemala below 3500 feet. Doubtfully distinct from P. r. yucatanensis. 1The plate is lettered Chrysopicus wruginosus. FAMILY PICIDAE lll Piculus rubiginosus maximus Griscom Piculus rubiginosus maximus Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 379, 1929, p. 11. (Chanquejelve, 5000 feet, Huehuetenango, Guatemala. ) Eastern and central parts of the Pacific highlands of Guatemala between 5000 and 6500 feet, and adjoining parts of Chiapas. Picuius rubiginosus uropygialis (Cabanis) Chloronerpes uropygialis Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 321. (Cerro de la Candelaria, Costa Rica.) Mountains of Costa Rica and western Panama. Piculus rubiginosus alleni (Bangs) Chloronerpes yucatanensis alleni Bangs, Proc. New England Zool. Cl., 3, 1902, p. 83. (San Sebastian, 6600 feet, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia.) Santa Marta Mts., Colombia. Piculus rubiginosus buenavistae (Chapman) Chloronerpes rubiginosus buenaviste Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist, 34, 1915, p. 386. (Buenavista, 4500 feet, above Villavicencio, Colombia. ) Subtropical zone of the Eastern Andes of Colombia and eastern slopes of the Andes of Ecuador. Piculus rubiginosus meridensis (Ridgway) Chloronerpes rubiginosus meridensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 24, 1911, p. 33. (Near Mérida, Venezuela. ) Mountains of western Venezuela in the Andes of Mérida and Sierra de Perija. Piculus rubiginosus rubiginosus (Swainson) Picus rubiginosus Swainson, Zool. Illustr., 1, 1820, pl. 14 and text. (“Spanish Main” = Caracas, Venezuela, by designation of Hellmayr, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 13, 1918, p. 315, note.) Mountains of northern Venezuela in states of Carabobo and Sucre and the Federal District. Piculus rubiginosus guianae (Hellmayr) Chloronerpes rubiginosus guianae Hellmayr, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 13, 1918, p. 314. (Yuruani River, 2700 feet, Terr. Yuruani, Venezuela. ) Chloronerpes rubiginosus roraimae Penard, Proc. New England Zool. Cl., 7, 1919, p. 29. (Mt. Roraima, 3500 feet.) Mountains of southern and eastern Venezuela: Mt. Duida, Mt. Auyan-tepui (lower slopes), Mt. Roraima; British Guiana. 112 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Piculus rubiginosus viridissimus Chapman Piculus rubiginosus viridissimus Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 1051, 1939, p. 8. (Mt. Auyan-tepui plateau, 2200 meters, Venezuela. ) Confined to the upper slopes of Mt. Auyan-tepui, Venezuela. Piculus rubiginosus nigriceps Blake Piculus rubiginosus nigriceps Blake, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 24, 1941, p. 230. (Boundary Camp, 2200 feet, head of Itabu Creek, Acary Mountains, British Guiana.) Known only from the type locality in extreme southern British Guiana. Piculus rubiginosus trinitatis (Ridgway) Chloronerpes rubiginosus trinitatis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 24, 1911, p. 32. (Princestown, Trinidad. ) Island of Trinidad. Piculus rubiginosus tobagensis (Ridgway) Chloronerpes rubiginosus tobagensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 24, 1911, p. 33. (Tobago.) Island of Tobago. Piculus rubiginosus gularis (Hargitt) Chloronerpes gularis Hargitt, Ibis, 1889, p. 230. (Santa Elena, Antioquia, Colombia. ) Subtropical zone of the Central Andes of Colombia. Piculus rubiginosus pacificus deSchauensee Piculus rubiginosus pacificus deSchauensee, Notulae Naturae, no. 141, 1944, p. 1. (Munchique, 5700 feet, Western Andes of Colombia. ) Colombia in the southern portion of the Western Andes and in the upper Cauca Valley. Piculus rubiginosus rubripileus (Salvadori and Festa) Chyoronerpes [sic] rubripileus Salvadori and Festa, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Torino, 15, 1900, no. 368, p. 14. (Rio Peripa, Vinces, Ecuador.) Tropical zone of extreme southwestern Colombia, western Ecua- dor and northwestern Pert. Piculus rubiginosus coloratus (Chapman) Chloronerpes rubiginosus coloratus Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 96, 1923, p. 8. (Chaupe, 6100 feet, northeast of Huanca- bamba, Peru.) Subtropical zone of north-central Peru. FAMILY PICIDAE 113 Piculus rubiginosus chrysogaster (Berlepsch and Stolzmann) Chloronerpes chrysogaster Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1902, vol. 2, p. 32. (La Garita del Sol, central Peru.) Subtropical zone of central Peru. Piculus rubiginosus canipileus (d’Orbigny) Picus canipileus d’Orbigny, Vol. Am. Mérid., Ois., livr. 51, 1840, pl. 63, f. 2; livr. 89, 1847, p. 379. (Chupé, Yungas, Bolivia.) Northern Bolivia in departments of La Paz and Cochabamba. Piculus rubiginosus tucumanus (Cabanis) Chloronerpes tucumanus Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 31, 1883, p. 103. (Tucuman.) Central Bolivia south to northwestern Argentina in provinces of Jujuy, Salta and Tucuman. Piculus simplex allophyeus (Bangs) Chloronerpes simplex allophyeus Bangs, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 39, 1903, p. 145. (Yaruca, 1000 feet, Honduras.) Known only from the unique type. Piculus simplex simplex (Salvin) Chloronerpes simplex Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 212. (Bugaba, Chiriqui.) Chloronerpes simplex aurore Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 293, 1928, p. 3. (Almirante, Bocas del Toro, Panama.) Central America from Nicaragua to western Panama. Piculus flavigula flavigula (Boddaert) Picus flavigula Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 49. (Ca- yenne, ex Daubenton, Pl. enlum., pl. 784.) Eastern Venezuela, the Guianas, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, and Brazil north of the Amazon and east of the Rio Negro. Piculus flavigula magnus (Cherrie and Reichenberger) Chloronerpes flavigula magnus Cherrie and Reichenberger, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 27, 1921, p. 4. (Monte Cristo, Mato Grosso. ) Southeastern Colombia and northwestern Brazil, eastward to the mouth of the Rio Negro, and south of the Amazon from the Jurua eastward, extending into northern Maranhao, south in Mato Grosso to the Juparana. Piculus flavigula erythropis (Vieillot) Picus erythropis Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 26, 1818, p. 98. (Brazil. ) 114 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Eastern and southeastern Brazil in states of Pernambuco, Baia, Espirito Santo, Goidz, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. Piculus leucolaemus callopterus (Lawrence) Chloronerpes callopterus Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, 7, 1862, p. 476. (New Grenada = Lion Hill, Canal Zone. ) Panama from Veraguas to Darién. Piculus leucolaemus litae (Rothschild) Chloronerpes lite Rothschild, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl, 11, 1901, p. 70. (Lita, 3000 feet, Ecuador.) Tropical zone of western Colombia and northwestern Ecuador. Piculus leucolaemus leucolaemus (Natterer and Malherbe) Picus leucolaemus Natterer and Malherbe, Mém. Soc. Roy. Sci. _ Liége, 2, 1845, p. 68. (Brazil.) Chloronerpes leucolaemus australis Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 87, 1935, p. 318. (Santa Ana, 2200 feet, Rio Coroico, La Paz, Bolivia.) Eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, western Bra- zil (Manacapurt and Rio Guaporé), and Bolivia in departments of La Paz, El Beni and Santa Cruz. Piculus aurulentus (Temminck) Picus aurulentus Temminck, PI. col., livr. 10, 1823, pl. 59, f. 1. (Paraguay and Brazil.) Southeastern Brazil in states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana and Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; northeast- ern Argentina in Territory of Misiones; records of occurrence in Chaco and Formosa require confirmation. Piculus chrysochloros aurosus (Nelson) Chloronerpes chrysochlorus aurosus Nelson, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 1912, no. 3, p. 3. (Marraganti, Panama.) Known only from the unique type. Piculus chrysochloros xanthochlorus (Sclater and Salvin) Chloronerpes xanthochlorus Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1875, p. 237. (San Cristobal, Tachira, Venezuela. ) Northeastern Colombia, and northwestern Venezuela in the Lake Maracaibo region and the coasts of Falcon. Piculus chrysochloros capistratus (Malherbe) Chloropicus capistratus Malherbe, Monogr. Picidées, 2, 1862, p. FAMILY PICIDAE 115 140; 4, pl. 83, figs. 4,5 and 6. (Brazil, ex Natterer MS.; re- stricted type locality, Rio Negro, Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 381, note.) Known from Colombia east of the Eastern Andes, eastern Pert (Sarayacu), northwestern Brazil in the Rio Negro region and the Rupununi River, British Guiana. Piculus chrysochloros guianensis Todd Piculus chrysochloros guianensis Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25, 1937, p. 248. (Pied Saut, Oyapock River, French Guiana.) French Guiana: Oyapock River. Piculus chrysochloros laemostictus Todd Piculus chrysochloros lemostictus Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25, 1937, p. 249. (Sao Paulo de Olivenga, Rio Solimées, Brazil.) Western Brazil south of the Amazon east to the upper Rio Purus. Piculus chrysochloros hypochryseus Todd Piculus chrysochloros hypochryseus Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25, 1937, p. 250. (Arima, Rio Purts, Brazil.) Brazil south of the Amazon from the Purts eastward to the Tapajoz, and northern Bolivia in Department of El Beni. Piculus chrysochloros paraensis (Snethlage) Chloronerpes paraensis E. Snethlage, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 163. (Murutucu, near Belém.) Northeastern Brazil from east of the Tapajoz to northern Ma- ranhao. Piculus chrysochloros polyzonus (Valenciennes) Picus polyzonus Valenciennes, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd. Levrault, 40, 1826, p. 170. (Brazil.) Southeastern Brazil in states of Espirito Santo and Rio de Janeiro. Piculus chrysochloros chrysochloros (Vieillot) Picus chrysochloros Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 26, 1818, p. 98. (Paraguay and Brazil.) Picus Braziliensis Swainson, Zool. Illustr., 1, 1820-21 (1821), pl. 20. (interior of the State of Baia, Brazil.) Eastern and interior Brazil in states of Piaui, Ceara, Baia, Minas Gerais and Mato Grosso; Bolivia; Paraguay; northern Argentina in provinces of Jujuy, Salta, Formosa and Chaco. 116 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD GENuS CAMPETHERA G. R. Gray! Dendromus Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 307. Type, by subsequent designation, D. brachyrhynchus Swains. = Picus maculosus Valenciennes (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 54.) Not Dendromus Swainson, 1829, Mammalia. Campethera G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1841, p. 70. Type, by original designation, C. brachyrhyncha (Swains.) = Den- dromus brachyrhynchus Swainson = Picus maculosus Valen- ciennes. Chrysoptilopicus Malherbe, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 403. Type, by monotypy, Picus (Chrysoptilopicus) smithit Malherbe. Notopicus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 222. Type, by original designation and monotypy, Picus notatus Lichten- stein. cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 426-440. Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 75, 1939, p. 563-578. Friedmann, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 474481. Friedmann and Loveridge, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 81, 1937, p. 189-193. Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 59, 1939, p. 51-52; 60, 1939, p. 17-18 (races of abingoni.) Campethera punctuligera punctuligera (Wagler) Picus punctuligerus Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827, Picus, sp. 36. (Senegambia. ) Campothera punctuligera riggenbacht Grote, Journ. f. Orn., 71, 1923, p. 369. (Sangere-Kodjoie, Adamawa. ) West Africa from Senegal to Lake Chad and the Ubangi-Shari, south to the Gold Coast interior and the Niger Delta. Campethera punctuligera batesi (Bannerman) Campothera batesi Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 43, 1923, p. 143. (North of Ngaundere, 2500 feet, Cameroons. ) Confined to eastern Cameroons, south of the steppe country and north of the forest. Campethera punctuligera balia (Heuglin) Picus balius Heuglin, Orn. Nord-Ost Afr., 1, Abth. 2, 1871, p. 810. (Djur and Bongo, upper Bahr el Ghazal.) Dendromus hargitti Sharpe, Ibis, 1902, p. 638. (Semmio [now Zémio], Niam Niam country.) 1 Replaces Campothera G. R. Gray of Sharpe’s Hand-list (emendation). FAMILY PICIDAE 117 Region south of Lake Chad and the great bend of the Ubangi east to the Bahr el Ghazal and the upper Uelle district. Campethera nubica nubica (Boddaert) Picus Nubicus Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 41. (Nubia, based on Daubenton, Pl. enlum, pl. 667.) Dendromus neumanni Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 4, 1896, p. 132. (Lake Naivasha, Kenya Colony.) Dendromus niger Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 10, 1902, p. 9. (Buka Mts., Ethiopia.) Darfur, the Sudan, and Ethiopia, south to northern Kivu, Uganda and south-central Tanganyika Territory (Iringa) ; replaced by the next form in the East African coastal region. Campethera nubica pallida (Sharpe) Dendromus pallidus Sharpe, Ibis, 1902, p. 638 (Lamu, Kenya Colony. ) Coastal region of East Africa from Gallaland and Somaliland to eastern Tanganyika Territory (Mpwapwa, Kilosa, Morogoro). Campethera nubica scriptoricauda (Reichenow) Dendromus scriptoricauda Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 4, 1896, p. 131. (No locality, the type in the Berlin Museum is from Bumi, Tanganyika, Territory.) Dendromus albifacies Gunning and Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 3, 1911, p. 112. (Villa Pereira, Boror, Mozambique.) Dendromus aureicuspis Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 23, 1915, p. 26. (Usagara, Tanganyika Territory. ) Tanganyika Territory (Kilosa, Morogoro) south to Nyasaland and Mozambique. Campethera bennettii uniamwesica (Neumann) Dendromus bennettit uniamwesicus Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1908, p. 27. (Kakoma, Tanganyika Territory.) Vicinity of Lake Victoria across western Tanganyika Territory and the southeastern Congo to northern Angola and Northern Rhodesia. Campethera bennettii bennettii (A. Smith) Chrysoptilus Bennett. A. Smith, Report Exped. Centr. Afr., 1836, p. 53. (“Country about and beyond Kurrichaine” = western Transvaal. ) Southern Rhodesia to Zululand and the Transvaal. 1Grant and Mackworth-Praed (Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1938, p. 146-147) believe that the record from Lamu, Kenya Colony, is an error brought about by the relabelling of Kirk’s collection and destruction of the original labels. 118 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Campethera bennettii capricorni Strickland Campethera capricorni Strickland, in Jardine’s Contr. Orn. for 1852, 1853, p. 155. (Damaraland.) Southern Angola, Damaraland and the central Kalahari. Campethera cailliautii nyansae ( Neumann) Dendromus malherbei nyansae Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 48, 1900, p. 204. (Mwanza, Tanganyika Territory.) Regions about the western and southern shores of Lake Victoria, and probably the Kivu district. Campethera cailliautii cailliautii (Malherbe) Chrysopicos Cailliautii Malherbe, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 540. (Africa; Mombasa designated by C. H. B. Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 454, 455.) Chrysopicus Malherbei Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel- phia, July, 1863, p. 198 (Zanzibar.) ; idem Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 5, Nov., 1863, p. 459, pl. 51, f. 3. Campethera loveridget Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1920, p. 139. (Morogoro, Tanganyika Territory.) Coasts of East Africa from the Tana River to Dar es Salaam; Zanzibar Island. Campethera cailliautii fiilleborni (Neumann) Dendromus malherbei fillebornt Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 48, 1900, p. 204. (Langenburg, northeast of Lake Nyasa.) The Katanga and northern end of Lake Tanganyika, south to Northern Rhodesia, Nyasaland and the Beira district of Mozam- bique. Campethera notata (Lichtenstein) Picus notatus H. Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823, p. 11. (“Terra Caffrorum’’.) Wooded portions of southern and eastern Cape Province and adjacent parts of Natal. Campethera abingoni chrysura (Swainson) Dendromus chrysurus Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 2, 1837, p. 158. (West Africa.) Thorn scrub savanna from Senegal east to the Bahr el Ghazal and the upper Uelle. Campethera abingoni tessmanni (Reichenow) Dendromus chrysurus tessmanni Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 69, 1921, p. 47. (Eastern savanna of Cameroons. ) Eastern savanna country of Cameroons. FAMILY PICIDAE 119 Campethera abingoni annectens (Neumann) Dendromus abingoni annectens Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl, 21, 1908, p. 95. (Sambo, Benguella.) Gaboon eastward to the Kivu district and south to Benguella and Nyasaland ; absent from the forested areas. Campethera abingoni kavirondensis (van Someren) Campothera abingdoni kavirondensis van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1926, p. 70. (Lolgorien, South Kavirondo.) Southwestern Kenya Colony to south-central Tanganyika Terri- tory. Campethera abingoni mombassica (Fischer and Reichenow) Picus (Campothera) mombassicus Fischer and Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 32, 1884, p. 262. (Mombasa.) Coast of East Africa from the Juba River south to the Usambara Mts. Campethera abingoni suahelica (Reichenow) Dendromus chrysurus suahelicus Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, 1902, p.175. (Tanganyika Territory.) Inland parts of Tanganyika Territory (between the ranges of kavirondensis and mombassica) and extending to the coast in the southeast. Campethera abingoni abingoni (A. Smith) Chrysoptilus Abingoni1 A. Smith, Report Exped. Centr. Afr., 1836, p. 53. (Port Natal, 7.e. Durban, Natal.) Nyasaland and Mozambique, southward through eastern South- ern Rhodesia and the eastern Transvaal to Natal. Campethera abingoni smithii (Malherbe) Picus (Chrysoptilopicus) Smithii Malherbe, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 403. (South Africa.) Western Southern, Rhodesia south to Bechuanaland and western Transvaal. Campethera abingoni anderssoni (Roberts) Chrysoptilopicus abingoni anderssoni Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 18, 1936, p. 255. (Windhoek, South-West Africa. ) South Africa west of the Kalahari Desert. Campethera taeniolaema taeniolaema (Reichenow and Neu- mann ) Campothera taeniolaema Reichenow and Neumann, Orn. 1 Sometimes misspelled abingdoni or abingtoni. 120 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Monatsb., 3, 1895, p. 73. (Guasso-Massai and Eldoma Sta- tion, Kenya Colony.) Forested highlands of Kenya Colony west of the Rift Valley and extending to Toro and the Kivu district. ?Campethera taeniolaema barakae (Van Someren) Campothera teniolema barake Van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1920, p. 96. (Baraka, Lake Tanganyika. ) Mountains northwest of Lake Tanganyika; doubtfully distinct from C. t. taeniolaema. Campethera taeniolaema hausburgi (Sharpe) Campothera hausburgi Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, 1900, p. xxxvi. (Mt. Kenya.) Forested highlands of Kenya Colony east of the Rift Valley, east- ward to the Meru and Nairobi districts. Campethera tullbergi tullbergi (Sjostedt) Campothera Tullbergi Sjostedt, Journ. f. Orn., 40, 1892, p. 313. (Itoki Na N’Golo, Cameroons. ) Cameroon Mt. Campethera tullbergi bansoensis Bates Campethera tullbergi bansoensis Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 46, 1926, p. 93. (Banso Mts., north of Kumbo, Cameroons. ) Banso Mts. (except Oku district), Nigeria~-Cameroons border. Campethera tullbergi wellsi Bates Campethera wellsi Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 46, 1926, p. 92. (Oku, west of Kumbo, Cameroons. ) Oku district of the Banso Mts. Campethera maculosa (Valenciennes) Picus maculosus Valenciennes, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd. Levrault, 40, 1826, p. 173. (Senegal.) Portuguese Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Gold Coast. Campethera permista togoensis (Neumann) Dendromus permistus togoensis Neumann, Journ. f. Orm., 52, 1904, p. 393. (Misa Highlands, Togoland.) Gold Coast, Togoland and Southern Nigeria. Campethera permista permista (Reichenow) Picus (Campothera) permistus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 24, 1876, p. 97. (Gold Coast, Cameroons and Gaboon = Gaboon ex Malherbe, Monogr. Picidées, 2, 1862, p. 152.) FAMILY PICIDAE 121 Dendromus permistus angolensis Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 52, 1904, p. 393. (Angola.) Cameroons south to northern Angola and eastward across the Lower Guinea forest to the Semliki Valley. Campethera permista kaffensis (Neumann) Dendromus permistus kaffensis Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 10, 1902, p. 9. (Dalba, Konta, Kaffa Province, Ethiopia.) Southwestern Ethiopia. Campethera caroli arizela (Oberholser) Dendromus caroli arizelus Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 22, 1899, p. 29. (Mt. Coffee, Liberia.) Liberia. Campethera caroli caroli (Malherbe) Chloropicus Caroli Malherbe, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 4, 1852, p. 550. (Gaboon.) Dendromus kasaicus Dubois, Rev. Frang. d’ Orn., 2, 1911, p. 17. (Kasai district, Belgian Congo.) Lower Guinea forest, reaching the forest patches of Gold Coast and northern Angola and extending into the gallery forests of the Uelle and the Kasai. Campethera caroli budongoensis (Van Someren) Campothera caroli budongoensis Van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 41, 1921, p. 105. (Bugoma Forest, Uganda.) Forests of Uganda and western Kenya Colony (Mt. Elgon). Campethera nivosa nivosa (Swainson) Dendromus nivosus Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 2, 1837, p. 162. (West Africa.) Casamance and Portuguese Guinea to the Gold Coast and per- haps Southern Nigeria. Campethera nivosa poensis (Alexander) Campothera poensis B. Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 13, 1903, p. 33. (Besoso, Fernando Po.) Confined to the Island of Fernando Po. Campethera nivosa efulenensis (Chubb) Dendromus efulenensis Chubb, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 92. (Efulen district, Cameroons. ) Forested areas of Cameroons to the forests of northern Angola. Campethera nivosa herberti (Alexander) Dendromus herberti B. Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, 122 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD p. 89. (Bwande, Ubangi River ¢, and Bugoma Forest, Un- yoro @.) Middle Congo and Ubangi Rivers eastward to the Budongo and Mabira forests in Uganda. Campethera nivosa yalensis Bowen Campethera nivosa yalensis Bowen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- delphia, 83, 1931, p. 451. (Yala River, Kavirondo district, Kenya Colony. ) Kavirondo and Nandi districts of Kenya Colony. Genus CELEUS Bote Celeus Boie, Isis von Oken, 1831, col. 542. Type, by subsequent designation, C. flavescens (Gm.) = Picus flavescens Gmelin. (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840. p. 55.) Cerchneipicus Bonaparte, Ateneo Italiano, 2, 1854, p. 123. (Consp. Vol. Zygodact., p. 9.) Type, by subsequent designa- tion, Picus tinnunculus Wagler. (G. R. Gray, Cat. Gen. Sub- gen. Bds., 1855, p. 93.) Cerchneopipo Sundevall, Consp. Av. Picinarum, 1866, p. 116. Emendation. Crocomorphus Hargitt, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 18, 1890, p. xiv, 6 (in key), 439. Type, by original designation, C. flavus = Picus flavus Muller. cf. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 448-457. Naumburg, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 60, 1930, p. 181-184. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1938, p. 344-350. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 138-146. Celeus flavescens ochraceus (Spix) Picus ochraceus Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 59, pl. 51, f£.1 (“in sylvis Amazonum’”’.) Eastern Brazil in states of Para, Maranhao, Piaui, Ceara, Per- nambuco and northwestern Baia. Celeus flavescens intercedens Hellmayr Celeus flavescens intercedens Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 82. (Fazenda Esperanga, Goiaz.) Brazil in states of Goiaz and northeastern Baia. Celeus flavescens flavescens (Gmelin) Picus flavescens Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 427. (Brazil; restricted to Rio de Janeiro by Cory, antea, p. 448.) FAMILY PICIDAE 123 Southeastern Brazil from southeastern Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais and southern Baia south to eastern Paraguay (Rio Alto Parana) and Rio Grande do Sul. Celeus flavescens lugubris (Malherbe) Celeopicus ingubris Malherbe, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Dépt. Mo- selle, 6¢ cahier, 1851, p. 77. (Brazil; Mato Grosso designated as type locality by Naumburg, antea, p. 181.) 3 Bolivian Chaco. Celeus flavescens roosevelti Cherrie Celeus roosevelti Cherrie, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 1916, p. 183. (Tapirapoan, Mato Grosso.) Extreme southeastern Bolivia (Puerto Suarez) and western Mato Grosso from Tapirapoan south to Corumba and Miranda. Celeus flavescens kerri Hargitt Celeus kerri Hargitt, Ibis, 1891, p. 605. (Rio Pilcomayo; type from Fortin Donovan.) Col. pl., Ibis, 1892, pl. 3. Extreme southwestern Mato Grosso (Pan de Azucar), western Paraguay (Rio Paraguay drainage) and northern Argentina in territories of Formosa and Chaco. Celeus spectabilis spectabilis Sclater and Salvin Celeus spectabilis Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1880, p. 161. (Sarayacu, Ecuador.) Eastern Ecuador. Celeus spectabilis exsul Bond and deSchauensee Celeus spectabilis exsul Bond and deSchauensee, Notulae Natu- rae, no. 93, 1941, p. 4. (Todos Santos, 1000 feet, Rio Chaparé, Cochabamba, Bolivia.) Bolivia in depts. of El Beni and Cochabamba. Celeus castaneus (Wagler) Picus castaneus Wagler, Isis von Oken, 22, 1829, col. 515. (No locality ; Veracruz, México, designated by Cory, antea, p. 453, note d.) Southeastern México southward over Central America in the humid tropical zone to northwestern Costa Rica on the west and to the Chiriqui Lagoon, Panama, on the east. 1 Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1946, p. 305, restricts the name to fig. 1 of pl. 54 of Malherbe’s Monogr. Picidées which fits the race of the bird of the Bolivian Chaco and in turn deprives the bird of western Mato Grosso of a name, to supply which he resurrects Celeus roosevelti. 124 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Celeus immaculatus Berlepsch Celeus immaculatus Berlepsch, Ibis, 1880, p. 113. (Agua Dulce, Panama.) 1 Known only from the unique type; its exact source is doubtful. Celeus elegans hellmayri Berlepsch Celeus elegans hellmayri Berlepsch, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 272. (British Guiana; Cory antea, p. 450, note d. suggests Cuma- cusa, Mazaruni River.) Eastern Venezuela, British Guiana and Surinam. Celeus elegans léotaudi Hellmayr Celeus elegans léotaudi Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 13, 1906, p. 39. (Valencia, Trinidad.) Island of Trinidad. Celeus elegans approximans Cory Celeus elegans approximans Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 450 and note a, pl. 2, fig. 2. (Base of Serra da Lua, near Boa Vista, Rio Branco, Brazil.) Upper Rio Branco region of Brazil and probably the adjacent parts of British Guiana. Celeus elegans elegans (P.L.S. Muller) Picus elegans P.L.S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl. 1776, p. 92. (Cayenne. ) Celeopicus reichenbachi Malherbe, Monogr. Picidées, 2, 1862, p. 28; 4, pl. 56, figs. 4, 5. (Brazil and Colombia.) Cayenne and adjacent parts of Brazil south to the Amazon at Obidos ; recorded also from the Tapajoz, fide Pinto, antea, p. 346. Celeus jumana citreopygius Sclater and Salvin Celeus citreopygius Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1867, p. 758. (Yurimaguas, Pert.) Southeastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru. Celeus jumana jumana (Spix) ? Picus jumana Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 57, pl. 47. (“in Sylvis fl. Amazonum’’.) 1 The original specimen was named from a trade-skin which its describer believed to be in the Agua Dulce ‘make’; nearly seventy years have elapsed since its discovery and the type remains unique. It is evidently closely allied to the Celeus elegans group, but in its unbarred inner surface of the primaries shows an approach to castaneus. 2 Celeus jumana is very close to C. e. elegans and would certainly be re- garded as a subspecies of it did the two not occur at or near the same places at certain points in their ranges. FAMILY PICIDAE 125 Extreme eastern Colombia (Maipures), southern Venezuela, val- ley of the Rio Negro and the Amazon Valley in Brazil from the Solimdes to Manacapurt on the north, and from the Jurua to the Tocantins on the south, thence extending eastward into Maranhao. ?Celeus jumana saturatus Carriker Celeus jumana saturata [sic] Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 87, 1935, p. 318. (Chatarona, near Reyes, Beni, Bolivia. ) Northern Bolivia on the lower Rio Beni; very doubtfully distinct from C. 7. jumana. Celeus grammicus verreauxii (Malherbe) Celeopicus Verreauxit Malherbe, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 10, 1858, p. 8. (Ecuador.) Southeastern Colombia and eastern Ecuador. Celeus grammicus grammicus (Natterer and Malherbe) Picus grammicus Natterer and Malherbe, Mém. Soc. Roy. Sci. Liége, 2, 1845, p. 69. (Brazil; Marabitanas, upper Rio Negro, designated by Naumburg, antea, p. 183.) Southern Venezuela, western Brazil and northeastern Pert, east to the Rio Negro on the north and to the Purts on the south. Celeus grammicus undulatus Todd Celeus grammicus undulatus Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25, 1937, p. 252. (Rio Mocho, Rio Caura, Venezuela. ) Known only from the type locality. Celeus grammicus subcervinus Todd Celeus grammicus subcervinus Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25, 1937, p. 252. (Villa Braga, Rio Tapajoz, Brazil.) South bank of the Amazon from the lower Purts to the Tapajéz (both banks). Celeus grammicus latifasciatus Seilern Celeus grammicus latifasciatus Seilern, Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, 47, 1936, p. 36. (Yahuarmayo, 1200 feet, Sierra de Carabaya, Pert.) Southeastern Peru, and northeastern Bolivia on the Rio Beni. Celeus loricatus diversus Ridgway Celeus loricatus diversus Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 140 (in key), p. 145. (Caribbean lowlands of Costa Rica; type from Talamanca, fide Cory, antea, p. 453.) Lowlands of southeastern Costa Rica and adjacent parts of west- ern Panama. 126 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Celeus loricatus mentalis Cassin Celeus mentalis Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1860, p. 137. (Turbo, Colombia. ) Panama from the Canal Zone eastward, and extreme northwest- ern Colombia. Celeus loricatus innotatus Todd Celeus innotatus Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 30, 1917, p. 5. (Jaraquiel, Bolivar, Colombia. ) Northern Colombia in the Rio Sinu region and the lower Mag- dalena valley. Celeus loricatus degener Todd Celeus innotatus degener Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 32, 1919, p. 116. (El Tambor, Santander, Colombia. ) Colombia in Dept. of Santander (Lebrija Valley). Celeus loricatus loricatus (Reichenbach) Meiglyptes loricatus Reichenbach, Handb. spec. Orn., cont. xii, Scansoriae c Picinae, 1854, p. 405, pl. DCLXXXI, figs, 4495, 4496. (Pert.) Tropical zone of the Pacific coast of South America from the middle Atrato valley in Colombia to western Ecuador ; northwest- ern Peru? Celeus undatus undatus (Linné) Picus undatus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 175. (Surinam. ) The Guianas and northern Brazil. Celeus undatus multifasciatus (Natterer and Malherbe) Picus multifasciatus Natterer and Malherbe, Mém. Soc. Roy. Sci. Liége, 2, 1845, p. 69. (Brazil.) The Para region in northeastern Brazil. Celeus flavus flavus (P.L.S. Muller) Picus flavus P.L.S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl. 1776, p. 91. (Cayenne. ) Celeus semicinnamomeus Reichenbach, Handb. spec. Orn., cont. xii, Scansoriae c Picinae, 1854, p. 407, pl. DCLXI, f. 4386. (South America.) Colombia from the eastern base of the Andes (Buenavista, Vil- lavicencio) and the eastern Ilanos, southern and eastern Venezuela, the Guianas and perhaps Brazilian Guiana. FAMILY PICIDAE 127 Celeus flavus peruvianus (Cory) Crocomorphus flavus peruvianus Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 457. (Lagunas, lower Huallaga River, Pert.) Eastern Pert, western Brazil east to the left bank of the Purus, and northern Bolivia on the left bank of the lower Beni and at the mouth of the Chapare. Celeus flavus inornatus (Cherrie) Crocomorphus flavus inornata [sic] Cherrie, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 1916, p. 395. (Santarem, Rio Tapajoz, Brazil.) Amazonian Brazil from the Rio Negro, the right bank of the Purts and the right bank of the lower Beni (Bolivian territory) eastward to the Para region. Celeus flavus tectricialis (Hellmayr) Crocomorphus flavus tectricialis Hellmayr, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bay- ern, no. 6, 1922, p. 46. (Boa Vista, Maranhao, Brazil.) Northeastern Brazil in states of Maranhao and Piaui. Celeus flavus subflavus Sclater and Salvin Celeus subflavus Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1877, p.2l, (Baia:) Eastern Brazil in states of Baia and Espirito Santo. Celeus torquatus torquatus (Boddaert) Picus torquatus Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 52. (Ca- yenne, ex Daubenton, pl. 863.) Eastern Venezuela, the Guianas and northern Brazil (Serra de Lua, Rio Branco, Obidos). Celeus torquatus occidentalis (Hargitt) Cerchneipicus occidentalis Hargitt, Ibis, 1889, p. 230. (Upper Ucayali, Peri ¢ ; Brazil 9.) Col. pl., Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 18, pl. 11. Eastern Pert, Brazil east to the Purus and in western Mato Grosso; Bolivia, one record (Buenavista). Celeus torquatus angustus (Griscom and Greenway) Cerchnetpicus tinnunculus angustus Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 81, 1937, p. 432. (Caxiricatuba, right bank of the Rio Tapajoz, Brazil.) Amazonian Brazil, where known only from the Rio Tapajoz, but probably extending west to the Rio Madeira. 128 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Celeus torquatus tinnunculus (Wagler) Picus Tinnunculus Wagler, Isis von Oken, 22, 1829, col. 516. (Brazil.) Eastern Brazil in State of Baia. Genus MICROPTERNUS BtiytTH Micropternus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 1, 1845, p. 194. Type, by original designation, Picus badius Raffles. cf. Stuart Baker, Ibis, 1919, p. 197-204. Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 148. Delacour and Jabouille, Ois. Indochine Frang., 2, 1931, p. 223-225. Robinson, Ibis, 1919, p. 179-181. Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 37, 1934, p. 290-292. Micropternus brachyurus humei Kloss Micropternus brachyurus humei Kloss, Ibis, 1918, p. 109. (“Kumaon, Bhabur, northern Rohilkund, the Dhoon, etc.” ex Hume, Proc. As Soc. Bengal, 1872, p. 70.) Northwestern Himalayas. Micropternus brachyurus phaioceps (Blyth) Picus (micropternus) gularis Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 13, 1844, pt. 2, p. 139. (South India.) Not Picus gularis Wagler, 1827. Picus (Micropternus) phaioceps Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 1, 1845, p. 195. (“India proper extending eastward to Tipperah and Arracan” ; restricted type locality, Calcutta.) Micropternus brachyurus williamsoni Kloss, Ibis, 1918, p. 107. (Koh Lak, southwestern Siam.) Micropternus brachyurus mesos Kloss, Ibis, 1918, p. 108. (Cut- tack, Calcutta and Bengal.) Nepal and Assam south to northeastern part of the Indian Penin- sula (the Balaghat and Anantagiri), all of Burma, the Shan States and Siam. The record of M. b. fokiensis from Tengyueh, Yunnan is doubtless to be referred here. Micropternus brachyurus jerdonii (Malherbe) Phaiopicos Jerdonu Malherbe, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 535. (Indian Peninsula; restricted to Travancore by Whistler and Kinnear, antea, p. 291.) Micropternus brachyurus lanka Kloss, Ibis, 1918, p. 108. (Cey- lon. ) FAMILY PICIDAE 129 Western side of the Indian Peninsula, extending into the Shevaroy Hills; Ceylon. Micropternus brachyurus annamensis Delacour and Jabouille Micropternus brachyurus annamensis Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 45, 1924, p. 31. (Hailing, Annam.) Laos, central and southern Annam, Cambodia and Cochinchina. Micropternus brachyurus fokiensis (Swinhoe) Brachypternus fokiensis Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1863, p. 87. (Foochow, Fukien.) Southeastern China in provinces of Fukien, Kwangtung and Kwangsi; Tonkin and northern Annam. Micropternus brachyurus holroydi Swinhoe Micropternus holroydi Swinhoe, Ibis, 1870, p. 95. (Central Hainan. ) Hainan. Micropternus brachyurus squamigularis (Sundevall) Picus squamigularis Sundevall, Consp. Av. Picinarum, 1866, p. 89. (Malacca.) Malay Peninsula. Micropternus brachyurus badius (Raffles) Picus badius Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 2, 1822, p. 289. (Sumatra.) Sumatra, Bangka, Mendanau, Billiton. Micropternus brachyurus celaenephis Oberholser Micropternus phaioceps celaenephis Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 1912, no. 7, p. 6. (Lafau, Nias Island.) Nias Island. Micropternus brachyurus brachyurus ( Vieillot) Picus brachyurus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 26, 1818, p. 103s eGjava) Colaptes ferrugineus Brehm, Allg. Deutsche Naturh. Zeitung, 1856, p. 464. (Java.) Java (except eastern.) Micropternus brachyurus badiosus (Bonaparte) Meiglyptes badiosus Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 113. (Borneo. ) Borneo, North Natoena Islands. 130 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Genus PICUS LINNE Picus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 112. Type, by sub- sequent designation, Picus viridis Linné. (Swainson, Zool. Illustr., 1, 1820, text to pl. 4.) Gecinus Boie, Isis von Oken, 1831, col. 542. Type, by subse- quent designation, G. viridis (L.) = Picus viridis Linné. (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 55.) Brachylophus Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 308. Type, by subsequent designation, [Picus] miniatus [Forster] = Picus mineaceus Pennant. (Strickland, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 7, 1841, p. 38.) Chrysophlegma Gould, Bds. Asia, pt. 1, 1850, pl. [6] and text [= 6, pl. 36 of volume.] Type, by monotypy, Picus flavinucha Gould. Callolophus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 5, 1874, p. 49. (= Uccelli di Borneo.) Type, by subsequent designation, Picus malaccensis Latham. (Blanford, Fauna Brit. India, Bds., 3, 1895, p. 29.) Cirropicus Stresemann, Arch. Naturg., 87, Abth. A, 1921, Heft 7, p. 71. Type, by original designation, Picus chlorolophus Vieillot. cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 6-27. Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 140-143. Danis, Ois. et Rev. Franc. d’Orn. (n.s.), 7, 1937, p. 246— 271. Deignan, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 186, 1945, p. 229-238. oeeue and Jabouille, Ois. Indochine Frang., 2, 1931, p. 194— Greenway, Auk. 57, 1940, p. 550-560. Hand-list Jap. Bds., 34 & rev. ed., 1942, p. 86-87. Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 889-899; 3, 1922, p. 2183-2185. Hartert and Steinbacher, Vog. pal Fauna, Erganzungsb., Heft 4, 1935, p. 361-364. Hesse, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 6, 1912, p. 205-229. La Touche, Handb. Bds. E. China, 2, 1931, p. 2-11. Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 44, 1924, p. 53-57. Riley, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 172, 1938, p. 210-222. Stresemann, Arch. Naturg., 87, Abth. A, 1921, Heft 7, p. 70-82. Witherby et al, Handb. Brit. Bds., 2, 1938, p. 277-281. FAMILY PICIDAE 131 Picus viridis pluvius Hartert Picus viridis pluvius Hartert, Brit. Bds., 5, 1911, p. 125. (Nin- field, Sussex, England. ) England and Wales. Picus viridis viridis Linné Picus viridis Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 113. (Europe, = Sweden ex Fn. Suec.) Scandinavian Peninsula north to the limit of trees in Norway and to lat. 63° N. in Sweden, Russia north to the line Leningrad- Kostroma-Kazan, east to the Volga and south to the gouvernments of Ekaterinoslav and Saratov. ?Picus viridis frondium (C. L. Brehm) Gecinus pinetorum C. L. Brehm, Handb. Naturg. Vog. Deutschl., 1831, p. 197. (Spruce forests of Germany ; type from Renth- endorf.) Not Picus pinetorum Brehm, t. c. p. 187. Gecinus frondium C. L. Brehm, Handb. Naturg. Vog. Deutschl., 1831, p. 197 (Deciduous forests [of Germany ].) Gecinus virescens C. L. Brehm, Handb. Naturg. Vog. Deutschl., 1831, p. 199. (In winter in the German spruce forests and gardens. ) Gecinus cuneirostris C. L. Brehm, Allg. Deutsche Naturh. Zeit., i a Folge, 2, 1856, p. 462. (Germany ; type from Renthen- orf. Picus viridis minor Fuchs, Orn. Monatschr., 40, 1915, p. 287. (Baden.) 2 Not Picus minor Linné. Picus viridis brehmi Kleinschmidt, Ornis Germanica, 1919 (Beil. zu Falco, 15), p. 5. New name for frondium. Picus viridis pulcher “Burg” Floericke, Orn. Beob., 24, 1926, p. 19. (Bernese Oberland, 2000 meters.) Greater part of central Europe east to Poland, south to France, Switzerland, and northern Yugoslavia. Picus viridis pronus Hartert Picus viridis pronus Hartert, Brit. Bds., 5, 1911, p. 125. (Firen- zola, near Florence, Italy.) ?Picus viridis helveticus Burg, Weidmann, 1921, no. 6, p. 7. (Jura. ) Southern Switzerland and Italy. Picus viridis dofleini Stresemann Picus viridis dofleint Stresemann, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern, no. 1, 1919, p. 5. (Izvor, Macedonia.) 1 Aberration; specimen not collected. 132 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Southeastern Europe from southern Yugoslavia and Bulgaria to Greece. Picus viridis romaniae Stresemann Picus viridis romaniae Stresemann, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern, no. 1, 1919, p. 5. (Bucharest, Romania.) Romania. Picus viridis sharpei (Saunders) Gecinus sharpei Saunders, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1872, p. 153. (Spain, south of the Sierra de la Guadarrama. ) Gecinus viridis galliciensis Seoane, Aves nuevas de Galicia “1870” (1894) 1, p. 7. ( Galicia.) Picus sharpei levantinus Sagarra, Treb. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., 1, 1915, p. 182, pl. 3. (Catalonia. ) Picus sharpet levantinus aberr. rhodopygia Sagarra, Treb. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 1, 1915, p. 183, pl. 12. (No locality.) The Iberian Peninsula and extreme southwestern France. Picus viridis saundersi (Taczanowski) Gecinus Saundersi Taczanowski, Journ. f. Orn., 26, 1878, p. 349, 352. (Lagodechi, Caucasus. ) Caucasus. Picus viridis karelini Brandt Picus Karelini Brandt, Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Péters- bourg, 9, 1841, col. 12. (Astrabad, northern Iran.) Northern Asia Minor (Ilgaz Mts.) and northern Iran. Picus viridis innominatus (Sarudny and Loudon) Gecinus viridis innominatus Sarudny and Loudon, Orn. Monatsb., 13, 1905, p. 49. (Gamdalkal, Iran.) Oak forests of western and southwestern Iran. Picus viridis bampurensis (Sarudny) Gecinus viridis bampurensis Sarudny, Journ. f. Orn., 59, 1911, p. 240. (Sources of the Bampur River, Baluchistan.) Poplar forests at the sources of the Bampur River, Baluchistan. Picus vaillantii (Malherbe) Chloropicus Vaillantu Malherbe, Mém. Acad. Roy. Metz, 28, 1846-47 (1847), p. 130. (Algeria.) Picus algirus Levaillant jun., Expl. Sci. Algérie, Atlas Ois., pl. 8, ca 1849. (Algeria. ) 1See Sherborn, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), 14, 1894, p. 154-155. FAMILY PICIDAE 133 Gecinus vaillantii koenigi Erlanger, Journ. f. Orn., 47, 1899, p. 529, pl. 3. (Ain-bou-Dries, southern slopes of the Atlas Mts., Tunisia. ) Forested portions of North Africa from Morocco to Tunisia. Picus awokera awokera Temminck Picus awokera Temminck, PI. col., livr. 99, 1826, pl. 585. (Ja- pan, 1.e. Honshu.) Picus awokera etigo Momiyama, Annot. Orn. Orient., 1, 1927, p. 56, Japanese text; p. 94, English text. (Sionomati-mura, Iwafuné-gun, Prov. Etigo, Hondo.) Honshu. Picus awokera horii Taka-Tsukasa Picus awokera horiit Taka-Tsukasa, Dobuts. Zasshi, 30, 1918, p. 442. (Kagoshima.) In Japanese. Picus awokera tosa Momiyama, Annot. Orn. Orient., 1, 1927, p. 58, Japanese text; p. 95, English text. (Sagawa-mati, Takaoka-gun, Prov. Tosa, Shikoku.) Shikoku and Kyushu. Picus awokera takatsukasae Kuroda Picus awokera takatsukasae Kuroda, Auk, 38, 1921, p. 576. (Anno, Tanegashima. ) Tanega Shima and Yaku Shima. Picus squamatus flavirostris (Menzbier) Gecinus flavirostris Menzbier, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 62, 1886, pt. 1, p. 439. (Murghab, Transcaspia.)? Gecinus zarudnoi Menzbier, Ibis, 1887, p. 301. New name for Gecinus flavirostris Menzbier. Transcaspia to Afghanistan and Baluchistan. Picus squamatus squamatus Vigors Picus squamatus Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, 1830-31 (1831), p. 8. (Himalayas, restricted to Simla- Almora district by Ticehurst and Whistler, Ibis, 1924, p. 471.) 2 The Himalayas from Kashmir and Gilgit to Sikkim. 1 Replaces Gecinus gorit Hargitt, 1887, of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 2TIn their paper in the Ibis, Ticehurst and Whistler make a blanket re- striction of type locality to the Simla-Almora district of “all the Himalayan birds described by Vigors in the P.Z.S. 1830-31.” It is very doubtful whether such a restriction could be made to apply to such species whose type locality had been otherwise fixed prior to the appearance of Ticehurst’s and Whistler’s article, and their failure themselves to list the species named by Vigors might nullify the entire effect of their intentions. 134 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Picus viridanus viridanus Blyth Picus viridanus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 12, pt. 2, 1843, p. 1000. (Arakan.) Burma (except northwestern) south to southwestern Siam. Picus viridanus weberi (Miiller) Gecinus Weberi A. Miller, Journ. f. Orn., 30, 1882, p. 421. (Salanga = Junk Seylon.) Picus viridanus meridianus Kloss, Ibis, 1926, p. 689. (Lamra, Trang, Peninsular Siam.) Peninsular Siam south over the Malay Peninsula to Perlis and Patani. Picus vittatus eisenhoferi Gyldenstolpe Picus vittatus eisenhoferit Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., 24, 1916, p. 28. (Pa Hing, northern Siam.) Eastern Burma, South Shan States, Laos and Annam, south to Siam, Cambodia and Cochinchina. Picus vittatus connectens (Robinson and Kloss) Gecinus vittatus connectens Robinson and Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, p. 13. (Langkawi Island.) Langkawi Island, off the southwest coast of the Malay Penin- sula. Picus vittatus vittatus Vieillot Picus vittatus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 26, 1818, p. 91. (No locality; restricted to Java by Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 434; further restricted to western Java by Strese- mann, infra, p. 74.) Malay States; Sumatra; Lingga Archipelago; western Java. Picus vittatus limitans Stresemann Picus vittatus limitans Stresemann, Arch. f. Naturg., 87, Abth. A, 1921, Heft 7, p. 74. (East Kangean Island.) Eastern Java, Bali, Kangean Islands. Picus xanthopygaeus (Gray and Gray) Picus striolatus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 12, pt. 2, 1843, p. 1000. (Himalaya and central India.) Not Picus striolatus Lesson, 1831, nor of MacGillivray, 1840. Brachylophus xanthopygeus J. E. and G. R. Gray, Cat. Spec. Mamms. Bds. Nepal and Thibet, 1846, p. 117, ex Hodgson in J. E. Gray, Zool. Misc., 1844; nomen nudum, quoted in synonymy of Gecinus striolatus (Blyth), preoccupied. FAMILY PICIDAE 135 Picus myrmecophoneus Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 14, 1920, p. 289. New name for Picus striolatus Blyth, pre- occupied. Picus vittatus dehre Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 46, 1926, p. 69. (Dehra Dun, India.) Picus vittatus dawae Van Tyne and Koelz, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, no. 334, 1936, p. 3. (Bhadwar, 2000 feet, Kangra district, Punjab, India.) Garhwal, Nepal, Sikkim and eastern Assam, south to southern India, Burma, southwestern Siam, Cambodia and Cochinchina; Ceylon. Picus canus canus Gmelin Picus canus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 434. (Norway, Russia, Siberia and Switzerland ; restricted type Iccality, Nor- way ex Brisson.) Picus viridi-canus Bechstein, Gemein. Naturg. Deutschl., ed 2, 2, 1805, p. 1017. New name for Picus canus. Picus canus meridionalis Burg, Weidmann, 1921, no. 10, p. 7. (Engadine.) Not Picus meridionalis Swainson, 1831, nor of Brehm, 1855. Picus canus dzieduszyckii Domaniewski, Ann. Zool. Mus. Po- lonici Hist. Nat., 4, 1925, p. 75. (wow, southern Poland.) Norway, Germany and France, east to the Urals and south to the Alps, the Balkan Peninsula (absent from Greece) and the Cau- casus. Picus canus perspicuus Gengler Picus canus perspicuus Gengler, Balkanvogel, 1920, p. 137, (Nevscha, Bulgaria.) Picus canus caesaris Steinbacher, Orn. Monatsb., 46, 1938, p. 25. (Bailowo, near Sofia, Bulgaria.) Bulgaria and perhaps adjacent portions of Yugoslavia. Picus canus biedermanni Hesse Picus canus biedermanni Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 183. (Altai.) The Altai, Sayan Mts., central Siberia, Transbaikalia, and the Kentei Mts. in northern Mongolia. Picus canus jessoensis Stejneger Picus canus jessoensis Stejneger, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 9, 1886, p. 106. (Sapporo, Hokkaido.) Picus canus perpallidus Stejneger, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 9, 1886, p. 107, note. (Sidemi, Ussuriland.) 136 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Gecinus canus griseoviridis A. H. Clark, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 32, 1907, p. 473. (Seoul, Korea.) Manchuria, Ussuriland and Korea; Island of Hokkaido. ? Picus canus zimmermanni Reichenow Picus canus zimmermanni Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 11, 1903, p. 86. (Tsingtao, Shantung.) Northeastern China in provinces of Hopeh and Shantung; doubtfully distinct from P. c. jessoensis. Picus canus kogo (Bianchi) Gecinus guerini kogo Bianchi, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 16, 1906, p. 69. (Bar-tschou River, affluent of the Nomu-tschu, tributary of the Mekong, Kham country,! Tibet.) Picus canus stresemanni Yen, Orn. Monatsb., 41, 1933, p. 17. (Sining-fu, Kansu.) Western China in provinces of Kansu and Sikang. Picus canus setschuanus Hesse Picus canus setschuanus Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 193. (Tatsienlu,? Szechwan. ) Gecinus canus jacobsii La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, p. 50. (Chang-yang-hsien, Hupeh.) Picus canus yunnanensis LaTouche, Bull. Brit. Orn. CL, 43, 1922, p. 44. (Milati, Yunnan.) China in provinces of Sikang, Szechwan, Hupeh, Kweichow and eastern Yunnan. Picus canus guerini (Malherbe) Chloropicos Guerini Malherbe, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 539. (China, = Ningpo and Shanghai, fide Danis, antea, p. 260.) Eastern China in provinces of Kiangsu, Anhwei and Chekiang. Picus canus sobrinus nomen nov. Picus canus ricketti Stuart Baker, Ibis, 1919, p. 187. (Fukien, China.) Not Picus flavinucha ricketti (Styan), 1898. Southeastern China in provinces of Hunan, Fukien, Kwangtung and Kwangsi; probably also Kiangsi; greater part of Tonkin at lower elevations. 1 Now in the Province of Sikang, China. 2 According to the most recent maps this locality is now called Kangting and is situated in the Province of Sikang. FAMILY PICIDAE 137 Picus canus tancolo (Gould) Gecinus tancolo Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1862, p. 283. (Formosa. ) Gecinus hainanus Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1899, p. 584. (Lower slopes of Five-finger Mts., Hainan.) Islands of Formosa and Hainan. Picus canus sordidior (Rippon) Gecinus sordidior Rippon, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1906, p. 32. (Yangtze River, western Yunnan.) Northwestern Yunnan. Picus canus sanguiniceps Stuart Baker Picus occipitalis Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, 1830-31 (1831), p. 8. (Himalayas.) Not Picus occipitalis Valenciennes, 1826. Picus barbatus J. E. Gray, in Hardwicke’s Illustr. Indian Zool., 1, pt. 6, 1831, pl. 31, f. 2. (India.) Not Picus barbatus Wylkes, 1825. Picus canus sanguiniceps Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 46, 1926, p. 70. New name for Picus occipitahs Vigors, pre- occupied. Northwestern Himalayas. Picus canus gyldenstolpei Stuart Baker Picus canus gyldenstolpei Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 39, 1918, p. 19. (Sadiya, Lakhimpur, Assam.) Eastern Nepal, Sikkim and Assam, south to Chittagong, Mani- pur and the upper Chindwin. Picus canus hessei Gyldenstolpe Picus canus hessei Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., 24, 1916, p. 28. (Pak Koh and Denchai, northern Siam.) Gecinus canus microrhynchus Robinson and Kloss, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, p. 12. (Koh Lak, Rajburi, southwestern Siam.) Burma, Laos and Tonkin (Laichau region), south throughout Siam (except Peninsular Siam), and Indochina to Cochinchina. Picus canus robinsoni (Ogilvie-Grant) Gecinus robinsoni Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1906, p. 11. (Gunong Tahan, 5300-6000 feet, Pahang, Malay States. ) Mountains of the Malay States. 1See note under Picus squamatus squamatus, p. 133. 138 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Picus canus dedemi (van Oort) Gecinus dedemi van Oort, Notes Leyden Mus., 34, 1911, p. 59. (Volcano Sibajak, 1450 meters, Battack Mts., northeastern Sumatra. ) Mountains of Sumatra between 850 and 1600 meters. Picus rabieri (Oustalet) Gecinus Rabieri Oustalet, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 4, 1898, p. 12. (Chobon, Tonkin.) Gecinus rubripectus Kuroda, Annot. Zool. Japon., 9, 1917, p. 228. (Yenbai, Tonkin.) Picus rubricollaris Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 41, 1920, p. 10. (Ban Hoi Mak, Camp no. 39, “Siam” [= Laos], and Muongliep, Laos.) Tonkin, Laos and Annam. Picus erythropygius nigrigenis (Hume) Gecinus nigrigenis Hume, Proc. As. Soc. Bengal, 5, May, 1874, p. 106. (No locality) ; Stray Feathers, 2, June, 1874, p. 444. (“Pakchan, Kollidoo, Darguin, and other parts of the Salween and neighboring districts of the Tenasserim provinces”; type from Pakchan Estuary.) Burma from Toungoo and Karenni to southern Tenasserim and southern Siam. Picus erythropygius erythropygius (Elliot) Gecinus erythropygius Elliot, Nouv. Arch. du Mus. Hist. Nat. [Paris], 1, 1865, Bull., p. 76, pl. 3. (Cochinchina.) Bas-Laos, southern Annam, Cambodia, Cochinchina, eastern and southeastern Siam. Picus flavinucha flavinucha Gould Picus flavinucha Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, 1833 (1834), p. 120. (Himalayas and the lower regions of India.) The Himalayas from Mussoorie to eastern Assam and south to Burma and the southern Shan States. Picus flavinucha archon Deignan Chrysophlegma flavinucha annamensis Delacour and Jabouille, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 48, 1928, p. 130. (Khébon, 150 meters, Annam.) Not Picus chlorolophus annamensis Meinertzhagen, 1924. Picus flavinucha archon Deignan, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 186, 1945, p. 238. New name for Chrysophlegma flavinucha an- namensis Delacour and Jabouille, preoccupied. FAMILY PICIDAE 139 Northwestern Tonkin, Laos, Annam and adjacent parts of north- ern Siam. Picus flavinucha styani (Ogilvie-Grant) Chrysophlegma styani Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1899, p. 585. (Lower slopes of Five-finger Mts., Hainan.) Kwangsi and eastern Tonkin; Island of Hainan. Picus flavinucha lylei (Kloss) Chrysophlegma flavinucha lylei Kloss, Ibis, 1918, p. 110. (Koh Lak, southwestern Siam.) Northern, western and southwestern Siam. Picus flavinucha pierrei Oustalet Picus (Chrysophlegma) Pierrei Oustalet, Le Naturaliste, 11, 1889, p. 44, 45. (Cochinchina.) peal eastern and southeastern Siam, Cambodia and Cochin- china. Picus flavinucha wrayi (Sharpe) Chrysophlegma wrayi Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1888, p. 279. (Gunong Batu Putch, 3400-4000 feet, Perak.) Mountains of Perak. Picus flavinucha ricketti (Styan) Chrysophlegma ricketti Styan, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 7, 1898, p. xl. (Ching Ting, Fukien. ) Central Fukien. Picus flavinucha mystacalis (Salvadori) Chrysophlegma mystacalis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 14, 1879, p. 182. (Mt. Singalan, Sumatra.) Mountains of Sumatra between 2500 and 5000 feet, from Mt. Leuser to near the end of Toba Lake. Picus flavinucha korinchi (Chasen) Chrysophlegma flavinucha korinchi Chasen, Treubia, 17, 1940, p. 261. (Soengaikoem-bang, 4500 feet, Sumatra.) Mountains of southwestern Sumatra from Mt. Korinchi [or Kerintji] to the mountains of Palembang. Picus puniceus continentis (Robinson and Kloss) Brachylophus puniceus continentis Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Fed. Malay States Mus., 10, 1921, p. 204. (Tapli, Pakchan Estuary, Renong, northern Malay Peninsula.) oe tay Tenasserim, southward over the entire Malay Penin- sula. 140 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Picus puniceus observandus (Hartert) Gecinus puniceus observandus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 3, 1896, p. 542. (Malacca, Borneo and Sumatra; type from Deli, Su- matra. ) Sumatra, Bangka and Borneo. Picus puniceus soligae deSchauensee and Ripley Picus puniceus soligae deSchauensee and Ripley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 91, 1940, p. 405. (Soliga, 1000 feet, Nias Island.) Nias Island. Picus puniceus puniceus Horsfield Picus puniceus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, p. 176. (Java.) Gecinus puniceus typicus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 3, 1896, p. 542. (Java.) Java. Picus chlorolophus simlae Meinertzhagen Picus chlorolophus simle R. Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. CL, 44, 1924, p. 54. (Dehra Dun, northwestern India. ) Northwestern Himalayas from Mussoorie and Murree to Garhwal. Picus chlorolophus chlorolophus Vieillot Picus chlorolophus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 26, 1818, p. 78. (Bengal.) Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam and southwestern Yunnan, south to Bengal, the hill tracts of northern Burma and the northern Shan States. The specimens recorded under this name from Kwangsi by Yen (Ois. (n.s.), 7, 1937, p. 549.) should be reexamined. Picus chlorolophus chlorigaster Jerdon Picus chlorigaster Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 13, 1844, pt. 2, p. 139. (Southern India.) Indian Peninsula. Picus chlorolophus wellsi Meinertzhagen Picus chlorolophus wellsi R. Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 44, 1924, p. 56. (Ceylon.) Ceylon, below 5000 feet. Picus chlorolophus chlorolophoides (Gyldenstolpe) Brachylophus chlorolophoides Gyldenstolpe, Orn. Monatsb., 24, 1916, p. 29. (Koon Tan, northern Siam.) FAMILY PICIDAE 141 Picus chlorolophus burme R. Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 44, 1924, p. 54. (Pegu Town, Burma.) Burma south of the Chin and Kachin Hills to Tenasserim and northern Siam. Picus chlorolophus citrinocristatus (Rickett) Gecinus citrinocristatus Rickett, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 11, 1901, p. 46. (Yamakan, Fukien.) Southeastern China in Province of Fukien; Tonkin, northern Annam. Picus chlorolophus longipennis (Hartert) Gecinus chlorigaster longipennis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 222. (Mt. Wuchi, Hainan.) Island of Hainan. Picus chlorolophus laotianus Delacour Picus chlorolophus laotianus Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1926, p. 12. (Xieng-Khouang, Laos.) Northern Laos and adjacent parts of northern Siam. Picus chlorolophus annamensis Meinertzhagen Picus chlorolophus annamensis R. Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 44, 1924, p. 57. (Daban, southern Annam.) Cirropicus chlorolophus conjunctus Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 48, 1935, p. 53. (Kao Sabab, southeastern Siam.) Central and southern Annam, southern Laos, eastern and south- eastern Siam. Picus chlorolophus krempfi Delacour and Jabouille Picus chlorolophus harmandi Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1927, p. 170. (Phurieng, Cochinchina.) Not Picus harmandi Oustalet, 1879. Picus chlorolophus krempfi Delacour and Jabouille, Ois. Indo- chine Frang., 2, 1931, p. 201. New name for Picus chlorolo- phus harmandi Delacour, preoccupied. Cochinchina. Picus chlorolophus rodgeri (Hartert and Butler) Gecinus rodgeri Hartert and Butler, Nov. Zool., 5, 1898, p. 508. (Gunong Ijau, 4000 feet, Perak.) Mountains of Perak. Picus chlorolophus vanheysti (Robinson and Kloss) Brachylophus chlorolophus vanheysti Robinson and Kloss, Journ. 142 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Str. Br. Roy. As. Soc., no. 80, 1919, p.97. (Bandar Baroe ¢ and Gunong Talaman 9, northeastern Sumatra.) Mountains of Sumatra. Picus mentalis humii (Hargitt) Chrysophlegma humiui Hargitt, Ibis, 1889, p. 231. (Malacca 3 and Klang, Salangor @.) Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra, Bangka, western Borneo. Picus mentalis mentalis Temminck Picus mentalis Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 65, 1825, pl. 384. (Java. ) Java. Picus mentalis saba (Chasen and Kloss) Chrysophlegma mentale saba Chasen and Kloss, Journ. f. Orn., 1929, Erganzungsb. 2, p. 111. (Samawang River, near Sandakan, British North Borneo.) Southern and eastern Borneo. Picus mineaceus perlutus (Kloss) Callolophus mineatus perlutus Kloss, Ibis, 1918, p. 110. Koh Lak, Siam.) Southern Tenasserim and southwestern Siam to the Pakchan Estuary. Picus mineaceus malaccensis Latham Picus malaccensis Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 241. (Ma- lacca. ) Malay States from the Pakchan Estuary southward; Sumatra, Bangka, Billiton; northwestern Borneo on the lower slopes of Mt. Kina Balu. Picus mineaceus niasensis (Buttikofer) Chrysophlegma niasense Buttikofer, Notes Leyden Mus., 18, 1897, p. 169. (Nias Island.) Nias Island. Picus mineaceus mineaceus Pennant Picus mineaceus Pennant, Indian Zool., 1769, p. 4, pl. 4. (High- lands of Java.) Picus miniatus J. R. Forster, Indische Zool., 1781, p. 14, pl. 4. (Java. ) Western and central Java. FAMILY PICIDAE 143 Picus mineaceus dayak (Stresemann) Callolophus miniatus dayak Stresemann, Arch. Naturg., 87, Abth. A, 1921, Heft 7, p. 82. (Landak, Borneo.) Borneo. Genus DINOPIUM RaFINESQUE Dinopium Rafinesque, Principes Fondamentaux de Somiologie, 1814, p.2 of cover.1 Type, by monotypy, Dinopium (Picoides) erythronotus Rafinesque, which is based on “le picoide a dos rouge”, Bull. des Sciences de Soc. Philom., Paris, 3, 1803, p. 146 = Picus javanensis Ljungh. Tiga Kaup, Thierreich, 2, 1836, Th. 1, p. 37. Type, by mo- notypy and tautonymy, Picus tiga Horsfield = Picus javanen- sis Ljungh. Brachypternus Strickland, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 7, 1841, p. 35. Type, by subsequent designation, B. aurantius (L). Strickl. = Picus benghalensis Linné. (G. R. Gray, List. Gen. Bds., 1841, p. 71.) Chloropicoides Malherbe, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Dépt. Moselle, 5° cahier, 1848-1849 (1849), p. 26. Type, by monotypy, Picus raffles Vigors. Gauropicoides Malherbe, Monogr. Picidées 1, 1861, intr., p. liti. Type, by monotypy, [Picus] raffiesu [Vigors.] Mesospilus Sundevall, Consp. Av. Picinarum, 1866, p. 116. Type, by monotypy, Picus raffiesu Vigors. Dinopicus Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. xiii, 72. Emendation of (or lapsus for) Dinopium Ra- finesque. cf. Stuart Baker, Ibis, 1919, p. 205-209. , Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds. 4, 1927, p. 66-77. Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 144; 148-149. earn Arch. Naturg., 87, Abth. A, 1921, Heft 7, p. 89- A Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 37, 1934, p. 292-294. Dinopium benghalense benghalense (Linné) Picus benghalensis Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 113. ( Bengal. ) 1 This name, usually cited from Rafinesque’s ‘Précis de Decouv. somiolo- giques’, 1814, p. 2 of cover, does not appear in the copy available to me, but occurs as cited in the ‘Principes’ a copy of which has also been exam- ined in this connection. See also Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 35, 1908, p. 606. 144 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Brachypternus benghalensis palliolatus Van Tyne and Koelz, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, no. 334, 1936, p. 2. (Bhadwar, 2000 feet, Kangra district, Punjab.) Upper Punjab, United Provinces, Bihar and Assam, south to Central India, Orissa and Bengal. Dinopium benghalense dilutum (Blyth) Brlachypternus| aurantius var. Brlachypternus| dilutus Blyth, Cat. Bds. Mus. As. Soc., 1849, p. 56. (Sind.) Name for the species of Brachypternus described by Blyth in Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 2, 1845, p. 550. Baluchistan, Sind and Mt. Aboo, intergrading with B. d. ben- ghalense in the lower Punjab. Dinopium benghalense puncticolle (Malherbe) Picus (Brachypternopicus) puncticollis Malherbe, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 404. (India, = slopes of the Nilgiri Hills.) Southern India (except area occupied by D. b. tehminae), north to the Godavery River; intergrades with D. b. benghalense in eastern Hyderabad. Dinopium benghalense tehminae (Whistler and Kinnear) Brachypternus benghalensis tehminae Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 37, 1934, p. 293. (Rajam- para, 1350 feet, Panthalam Hills, India.) Brachypternus benghalensis woodi Koelz, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, 52, 1939, p. 78. (Jagalbed, Bombay Presidency.) West coast of India from Malabar to Travancore. Dinopium benghalense jaffnense (Whistler) Picus ceylonus Auct. not of Cuvier. Brachypternus benghalensis jaffnensis Whistler, Spolia Zey- lanica, 23, 1944, p. 206. (Illuppaikkadavai, Ceylon.) Low, arid portions of northern Ceylon. Dinopium benghalense erithronothon (Vieillot) Picus erithronothos Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 26, 1818, p. 73. (Java, error = Ceylon.) Picus neglectus Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827, Picus, sp. 99. (Ceylon and Java.) Picus ceylonus Cuvier, Régne Anim., Nouv. éd., 1, 1829, p. 451, based on “Nat. Forsch. 14, pl. 1.” Brachypternus intermedius Legge, Stray Feath., 4, 1876, p. 242. (Ceylon.) Not Picus intermedius Blyth, 1845, which = Dinopium javanense intermedium Blyth. Southern half of Ceylon. FAMILY PICIDAE 145 Dinopium shorii (Vigors) Picus Shorii Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, 1830-31 (1832), p. 175. (Himalayas.)? The Himalayas from Nepal through Sikkim, northern Assam, Chin and Kachin Hills, northern Arakan Hills and the Burmese Hill ranges south to Thayetmyo. Dinopium javanense malabaricum Whistler and Kinnear Dinopium javanense malabaricum Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 37, 1934, p. 294. (Manantoddy Wynaad, India.) New name for Picus rubropygialis auct., not of Malherbe, 1845. West side of the Indian Peninsula from North Kanara to Travancore. Dinopium javanense intermedium (Blyth) Picus (Tiga) intermedius Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 1, 1845, p. 193. (Nepal, Assam, Sylhet, Tipperah, and Tenas- serim = Arakan, fide Stuart Baker, Ibis, 1919, p. 208, and restricted to Ramree Island by Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Nate Elist) Soc) Siams5) 1923) p. 1875) Cachar and hills south of the Brahmaputra, Manipur, Burma north of lat. 10°, Shan States, Siam, Tonkin, Laos, Annam, Co- chinchina and Cambodia. Dinopium javanense javanense (Ljungh) Picus javanensis Ljungh, K. Vet. Akad. Nya Handl., 18, 1797, p. 134, pl. 6. (Java.) Dinopium (Picoides) erythronotus Rafinesque, Principes Fonda- mentaux de Somiologie, 1814, p. 2 of cover. (Java, based on le picoide a dos rouge” Rafinesque, Bull. des Science de Soc. Philom. Paris, 3, 1803, p. 146.) Picus (Brachypternopicus) Rubropygialis Malherbe, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 400. (Bengal = ‘East Indies” fide Whistler and Kinnear, antea p. 294.) Dinopium javanense palmarum Stresemann, Arch. Naturg., 87, Abth. A, 1921, Heft 7, p. 91. (Fort de Kock, Sumatra.) Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Riouw Archipelago, western and central Java. Dinopium javanense exsul (Hartert) Tiga javanensis exsul Hartert, Nov. Zool., 8, 1901, p. 51. (Bali. ) Eastern Java and Bali. 1 See note under Picus squamatus squamatus, p. 133. 146 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Dinopium javanense borneonense (Dubois) Tiga borneonensis Dubois, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1897, p. 782. (Borneo.) Borneo (except northeastern). Dinopium javanense raveni Riley Dinopium raveni Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 40, 1927, p. 139. (Pulo Eraban, off the northeast coast of Borneo.) Northeastern Borneo and adjacent small islands. Dinopium javanense everetti (Tweeddale) Tiga everetti Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878, p. 612, pl. 37. (Puerto Princesa, Palawan.) Philippine Islands: Busuanga, Culiodn, Palawan, Balabac. Dinopium rafflesii peninsulare (Hesse) Gauropicoides rafflesi peninsularis Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 192. (Malacca.) Tenasserim and southwestern Siam, southward over the Malay Peninsula. Dinopium rafflesii rafflesii (Vigors and Horsfield) Picus Rafflesii Anonymous [= Vigors and Horsfield] in Lady Sophia Raffles, Mem. Life and Public Services Sir T. S. Raffles, 1830, p. 669. (No locality = Sumatra.) Sumatra and Bangka. Dinopium rafflesii dulitense Delacour Gauropicoides raffiesi borneonensis Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 192. (Mt. Dulit, Sarawak, Borneo.) Not Tiga borneonensis Dubois, 1897. Dinopium raffiesi dulitense Delacour, Zoologica, 31, 1946, p. 2. New name for Gauropicoides raffiesi borneonensis Hesse, pre- occupied. Borneo. Genus GECINULUS BiytH Gecinulus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 1, 1845, p. 192. Type, by monotypy, Picus grantia McClelland. cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 27-29. Delacour and Jabouille, Ois. Indochine Frang., 2, 1931, p. 207-208. LaTouche, Handb. Bds. E. China, 2, pt. 1, 1931, p. 11-12. FAMILY PICIDAE 147 Gecinulus grantia grantia (McClelland) Picus (Chrysonotus) Grantia McClelland, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lon- don, pt. 7, 1839 (1840), p. 165. (Assam.) Nepal and Sikkim to eastern Assam and south to eastern Bengal and the Chin Hills. Gecinulus grantia indochinensis Delacour Gecinulus grantia indochinensis Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl. 47, 1927, p. 154. (Backan, northeastern Tonkin. ) Tonkin, Laos and Annam. Gecinulus grantia viridanus Slater Gecinulus viridanus Slater, Ibis, 1897, p. 176. (Kuatun, Fukien. ) Mountains of central and western Fukien and northern Kwang- tung. Gecinulus viridis viridis Blyth Gecinulus viridis Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 31, 1862, p. 341. (Toungoo. ) Central Burma and the Shan States to southwestern, central and eastern Siam. Gecinulus viridis robinsoni Kloss Gecinulus viridis robinsoni Kloss, Ibis, 1918, p. 105. (Mts. of the Selangor-Pahang boundary, Malay States.) The Malay Peninsula from Perak to Salangor, southeastern Siam (?); recorded from Muongliep, Haut Laos (1 spec). Genus MEIGLYPTES Swainson Meiglyptes Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 309. Type, by monotypy, Picus poicilophus Temminck = Picus tristis Hors- field. cf. Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 146-147. Hesse, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 6, 1912, p. 191-195. Mayr, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 14, 1938, p. 31-32. Riley, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 172, 1938, p. 227-230. Ripley, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 94, 1944, p. 367-369. Stresemann, Arch, Naturg., 87, Abth. A, 1921, Heft 7, p. 99- 102 (excl. brachyurus). Meiglyptes tristis grammithorax (Malherbe) Phaiopicus grammithorax Malherbe, Monogr. Picidées, 2, 1862, p. 12; 3, pl. 48, f. 4, 5, 6. (Malay Peninsula and Soenda Islands. ) 148 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Southern Tenasserim and southwestern Siam southward over the Malay Peninsula. Meiglyptes tristis micropterus Hesse Miglyptes [sic] tristis micropterus Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 182. (Borneo, Great Natuna Island; type from Mt. Dulit, 1000 feet, Borneo. ) Sumatra, Borneo, North Bornean Islands, North Natoena Is- lands. ?Meiglyptes tristis microterus Oberholser Meiglyptes grammithorax microterus Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 1912, no. 7, p.6. (Telok Bluku, Nias Island.) Nias Island; doubtfully distinct from M. ¢. grammithorax. Meiglyptes tristis tristis (Horsfield) Picus tristis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, p. 177. (Java.) Java. Meiglyptes jugularis (Blyth) Picus (Meiglyptes) jugularis Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 1, 1845, p. 195. (Arakan and Tenasserim.) Arakan, Burma, Tenasserim, Siam, Laos, southern Annam, Cam- bodia and Cochinchina. Meiglyptes tukki tukki (Lesson) Picus tukki Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1839, p. 167. (Sumatra.) Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Bangka, Billiton, Borneo (except southern). Meiglyptes tukki azaleus Oberholser Meiglyptes tukki azaleus Oberholser, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 159, 1932, p. 46. (Bunguran Island, North Natuna Islands.) North Natoena Islands. Meiglyptes tukki pulonis Chasen and Kloss. Meiglyptes tukki pulonis Chasen and Kloss, Journ. f. Orn., 1929, Erganzungsb. 2, p. 112. (Banguey Island.) Banguey [or Banggi] Island, off the northern tip of Borneo. Meiglyptes tukki percnerpes Oberholser Meiglyptes tukki percnerpes Oberholser, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., 14, 1924, p. 301. (Batu Jurong, southwestern Borneo. ) Southern Borneo. FAMILY PICIDAE 149 Meiglyptes tukki calceuticus Oberholser Meiglyptes tukki calceuticus Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 1912, no. 7, p. 6. (Pulo Tuanku, Banjak Islands. ) Banjak Islands. Meiglyptes tukki infuscatus Salvadori Miglyptes [sic] infuscatus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 24, 1887, p. 531. (Nias Island.) Meiglyptes tukkt hylodromus Oberholser, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., 14, 1924, p. 301. (Mojeia River, Nias Island.) Nias Island. Meiglyptes tukki batu deSchauensee and Ripley Meiglyptes tukki batu deSchauensee and Ripley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 91, 1940, p. 406. (Pulo Tana Massa, Batu Islands. ) Batu Islands. Genus MULLERIPICUS Bonaparte! Hemilophus a Mulleripicus Bonaparte, Ateneo Italiano, 2, May, 1854, p. 122. (Consp. Vol. Zygodact., p. 7.) Type, by mono- typy, Picus pulverulentus Temminck. Hemilophus b Lichtensteinipicus Bonaparte, Ateneo Italiano, 2, May, 1854, p. 122. (Consp. Vol. Zygodact., p. 7.) Type, by monotypy, Picus modestus Vigors = Picus funebris Val- enciennes. Hemilophus a Alophonerpes Reichenbach, Handb. spec. Orn., cont. xii, Oct., 1854, Scansoriae c Picinae, p. 385. Type, by subsequent designation, Picus pulverulentus Temminck (Har- gitt, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 18, 1890, p. 494.) cf. Hesse, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 6, 1912, p. 230-233. McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 403-405. Stresemann, Journ. f. Orn., 88, 1940, p. 390-392. Mulleripicus pulverulentus harterti Hesse Miilleripicus pulverulentus harterti Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 182. (Assam, and Burma to Tenasserim; the types listed by Hesse, 1912, p. 232, are from Pya, Upper Chindwin.) Northern India from the United Provinces to Assam, Burma, northern Tenasserim, Siam and Indochina (Laos, Annam, Cochin- china, Cambodia). 1 Hemilophus Swainson, 1837, the oldest name for this genus is pre- occupied by Hemilophus Audinet-Serville, 1835, Coleoptera. 150 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Mulleripicus pulverulentus pulverulentus (Temminck) Picus pulverulentus Temminck, PI. col., livr. 66, 1826, pl. 389. (Java and Sumatra.) Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Riouw Archipelago, Java (but not eastern), Borneo, North Natoena Islands; Palawan and Balabac. Mulleripicus funebris (Valenciennes) Picus funebris Valenciennes, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd. Levrault, 40, 1826, p. 179. (Philippine Islands.) Philippine Islands : Catanduanes, Luzon, Marinduque. Mulleripicus fuliginosus Tweeddale Mulleripicus fuliginosus Tweeddale, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 20, 1877, p. 534. (Surigao, Mindanao, Philippine Is- lands. ) Philippine Islands: Samar, Leyte, Mindanao. Mulleripicus fulvus fulvus (Quoy and Gaimard) Picus fulvus Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe’, Zool., 1, 1830, p. 228; Atlas Ois., pl. 17, f. 2. (Celebes.) Northern Peninsula of Celebes as far as the base of the Matinan Mts. ; Togian Islands. Mulleripicus fulvus wallacei Tweeddale Mulleripicus Wallacei Tweeddale, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 20, 1877, p. 533. (Macassar. ) Microstictus intermedius A. B. Meyer, Notes Leyden Mus., 23, 1903, p. 186. (Gimpoe, Celebes.) Lichtensteinipicus wallacei ochraceus Rensch, Orn. Monatsb., 34, 1926, p. 175. (Muna Island.) All of central Celebes to the base of the northern Peninsula, the south, southeast and east peninsulas; Island of Muna. Genus DRYOCOPUS Bolt Dryocopus Boie, Isis von Oken, 1826, Bd. 2, col. 977. Type, by monotypy, Picus martius Linné. Dryotomus Swainson, in Swainson and Richardson, Fauna Bor.-Am., 2, 1831 (1832), p. 301. Type, by original designa- tion, Picus martius Linné. Hylatomus Baird, Rept. Expl. & Surv. R. R. Pacific, 9, 1858, p. xxviii, 107. Type, by monotypy, Picus pileatus Linné. Ceophloeus Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 176. Type, by original designation, Picus lineatus Linné. FAMILY PICIDAE 151 Phloeotomus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1863, Heft 2, p. 102. Type, by monotypy, Picus pileatus Linné. Thriponax Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1863, Hett 2. p. 105. Type, by subsequent designation, T. javensis = Picus javensis Horsfield (Hargitt, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 18, 1890, p. 497.) Neophloeotomus Dabbene, An. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires, 27, 1915, p. 76. Type, by original designation, Phloeo- tomus schulzi Cabanis. cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 87-91. Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 151. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13 pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 457-461. Démentiev, Alauda, 13, 1939, p. 7-17. Hand-List Jap. Bds., ed. 3, 1942, p. 94. Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 933-935. Kuroda, Tori, 5, 1927, p. 237-241. Peters, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5, 1930, p. 317- 322. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 146-164. Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, p. 316-321. os ae Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 8, 1934, p. 12. Dryocopus martius pinetorum (C. L. Brehm) Dendrocopus pinetorum C. L. Brehm, Handb. Naturg. Vog. Deutschl., 1831, p. 185. (Mountains in the coniferous forests.) Europe east to western Poland, south to northern Spain and the Balkan Peninsula, also in the Caucasus, Asia Minor and the moun- tains of northern Iran. Dryocopus martius martius (Linné) Picus martius Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 112. (Eu- rope, = Sweden, ex Fn. Suec.) Dendrocopus martius reichenowt Kothe, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906, p. 95. (Ussuri River, Amur region.) Picus jakutorum Buturlin, Journ. f. Orn., 58, 1908, p. 284. (Jakutsk, Siberia.) Dryocopus martius silvifragus Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, 28, 1915, p. 162. (Hakodate, Hokkaido.) Dryoscopus [sic] martius morit Kuroda, Auk, 38, 1921, p. 575. (Gumpojo, Keiki distr., Korea.) 152 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Dryocopus martius sakhalinensis Momiyama, Annot. Orn. Ori- ent., 1, 1928, p. 211. (Hamtasa, southern Sakhalin. ) Scandinavia and the Baltic States eastward across the coniferous forest belt of northern Russia and Siberia to the Sea of Okhotsk, and south to central Russia, forests of the Khirghiz Steppes, the Altai, Dzungaria, Mongolia, northern China, Korea, Sakhalin, Kurile Islands (Kunashiri only) and Hokkaido. Dryocopus martius khamensis (Buturlin) Picus khamensis Buturlin, Ann. Mus. Zool. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersbourg, 13, 1908, p. 229. (Eastern slope of the great plateau of Tibet.) Western China from Koko Nor to Tibet. Dryocopus javensis hodgei (Blyth) Mulleripicus Hodgei Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 29, 1860, p. 105. (Andaman Islands.) Andaman Islands. Dryocopus javensis hodgsonii (Jerdon) Malacolophus (Hemilophus) Hodgsoniu Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 11, 1840, pt. 1, p. 215, pl. 2.1. (Indian Peninsula ; restricted type locality, Telicherry. ) Western India from Belgaum to Travancore Dryocopus javensis richardsi Tristram Dryocopus richardsi Tristram, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1879, p. 386, pl. 31. (Tsushima.) Central and southern Korea; Island of Tsushima where now ex- tirpated. Dryocopus javensis forresti Rothschild Dryocopus forresti Rothschild, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 43, 1922, p. 9. (Mekong Valley, Yunnan.) Mountains of extreme southeastern Sikang, western Yunnan and northern Tonkin (Chapa). Dryocopus javensis feddeni (Blyth) Mulleripicus Feddem “Blanford” Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 32, Jan. or later, 1863, p. 75. (Burma = Pegu.) Thriponax Jerdoni Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein, Th. 4, after 15 July, 1863, Heft 2, p. 105. (Upper Pegu.) Burma from the Chin and Kachin Hills and the Northern Shan States to northern Tenasserim; Siam south to about lat. 12° N., Bas Laos, southern Annam, Cambodia and Cochinchina. 1 The plate is lettered Picus Hodgsonii. FAMILY PICIDAE 153 Dryocopus javensis javensis (Horsfield) Picus Javensis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, p. 175. (Java.) Picus crawfurdii J. E. Gray in Griffith, Cuvier’s Anim. Kingd., 7, [Aves, 2], 1829, plate to text on p. 513. (No locality, “from an Indian drawing”.) 1 Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra, Riouw Archipelago, Bangka, Mansalar Island, Java, Bali, Borneo, North Bornean Islands, North Natoena Islands. Dryocopus javensis parvus (Richmond) Thriponax parvus Richmond, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 15, 1902, p. 189. (Simalur Island.) Simalur [Simeuloeé] Island. Dryocopus javensis biittikoferi (Richmond) Thriponax javensis biittikoferi Richmond, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 25, 1912, p. 104. (Siaba Bay, Nias Island.) Nias Island. Dryocopus javensis hargitti (Sharpe) Thriponax hargitti Sharpe, Ibis, 1884, p. 317, pl. 8. (Palawan.) Philippine Islands: Palawan. Dryocopus javensis confusus (Stresemann) Thriponax javensis confusus Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, p. 317 (in key), p. 318. (Mt. Arayat, Luzon.) Philippine Islands: Luzon.” Dryocopus javensis mindorensis (Steere) Thriponax Mindorensis Steere, List Bds. Mamms. Steere Ex- ped., 1890, p. 8. (Mindoro.) Philippine Islands: Mindoro. Dryocopus javensis philippensis (Steere) Thriponax Philippensis Steere, List Bds. Mamms. Steere Ex- ped., 1890, p. 8. (Guimaras and Masbate.) Philippine Islands: Masbate, Panay, Guimaras, Negros. Dryocopus javensis pectoralis (Tweeddale) Thriponax pectoralis Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878, p. 340. (Leyte.) Philippine Islands: Samar, Leyte, Panaon, Bohol. 1 The drawing evidently made from an aberrant specimen of D. 7. javen- sts lacking the red malar stripe and with a gray patch on the breast. 2T am unable to discover on what basis Hachisuka records this race from Cebu and Bongao. 154 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Dryocopus javensis multilunatus (McGregor) Thriponax multilunatus McGregor, Phil. Journ. Sci., 2, 1907, p. 285. (Isabella, Basilan. ) Philippine Islands: Mindanao, Basilan. Dryocopus javensis suluénsis (W. Blasius) Thriponax javensis var. nov. suluénsis W. Blasius, Journ. f. Orn., 38, 1890, p. 140. (Sulu Archipelago.) Sulu Archipelago. Dryocopus pileatus picinus (Bangs) Phleotomus pileatus picinus Bangs, Proc. New England Zool. Cl., 4, 1910, p. 79. (Sumas, British Columbia. ) Canadian and Transition zone forests of western North America from southern British Columbia to northern California, south in the Coast Range to Marin Co. and in the Sierra Nevada to the Greenhorn Mts., east to western Montana. Dryocopus pileatus abieticola (Bangs) Ceophleus pileatus abieticola Bangs, Auk, 15, 1898, p. 176. (Greenville, Maine. ) Canadian and Transition zone forests from Mackenzie, Manitoba, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, south to Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York and central New England, extending southward in the Alleghenies to West Virginia. Dryocopus pileatus pileatus (Linné) Picus pileatus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 113. (Amer- ica = South Carolina ex Catesby.) Lower Austral forests of the United States from Oklahoma, Illinois and southeastern Pennsylvania to the Gulf coast and inte- rior of Georgia, extending westward to middle Texas, and in the mountains from northern Tennessee southward. Dryocopus pileatus floridanus (Ridgway) Phleotomus pileatus floridanus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, 24, 1911, p. 33. (Prevatt’s Camp, 24 miles southwest of Kissimmee, Florida.) Coastal plain of Georgia southward over the Florida peninsula. Dryocopus lineatus obsoletus (van Rossem) Ceophloeus lineatus obsoletus van Rossem, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 8, 1934, p. 12. (Alamos, Sonora.) Southern Sonora, northern Sinaloa and probably adjacent parts of Chihuahua. FAMILY PICIDAE 155 Dryocopus lineatus scapularis (Vigors) Picus scapularis Vigors, Zool. Journ., 4, 1829, p. 354. (San Blas [ Nayarit], Mexico.) Southern Sinaloa, Jalisco, Nayarit and Guerrero. Dryocopus lineatus petersi (van Rossem) Ceophloeus lineatus leucopterylus of authors not Campephilus leucopterylus of Reichenbach. Ceophloeus lineatus petersi van Rossem, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 8, 1934, p. 11. (Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas. ) Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi and perhaps adjacent parts of northern Veracruz. Dryocopus lineatus similis (Lesson) Picus similis Lesson, Description de Mamm. et d’Ois. récomm. decouv., 1847, p. 204. (San Carlos, Central America = La Union, El Salvador.) 1 Forested lowlands of southern México and Central America from Oaxaca and southern Veracruz to northwestern Costa Rica. Dryocopus lineatus mesorhynchus (Cabanis and Heine) Ceophloeus mesorhynchus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1863, Heft 2, p. 86. (Costa Rica.) 2 Eastern and southern Costa Rica and western Panama. Dryocopus lineatus nuperus (Peters) Ceophloeus lineatus nuperus Peters, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5, 1930, p. 320. (La Concepcion, 3000 feet, Santa Marta, Colombia. ) Panama from the Canal Zone eastward; Colombia west of the Eastern Andes and in the Santa Marta region. Dryocopus lineatus lineatus (Linné) Ricus lineatus Veinne Syst. iNat-) ed: 12)" 127 1766; p.. 174. (Cayenne. ) Amazonian Colombia to the Guianas and south to Amazonian Peru, northern Bolivia and the greater part of Brazil east to Maranhao (?), thence southward to Parana; Paraguay; northern Argentina in provs. of Salta, Formosa and Misiones; Island of Trinidad. 1Tssued as a Supplement to the CEuvres de Buffon, ed. Lévéque, of which it appears to be Vol. 20. 2See van Rossem, antea, p. 9-10, for a discussion of the identity of the three cotypes on which the name mesorhynchus was founded. 156 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Dryocopus lineatus fuscipennis Sclater Dryocopus fuscipennis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 28, 1860, p. 286. (Babahoyo, Ecuador.) Western Ecuador and northwestern Peru. Dryocopus lineatus improcerus (Bangs and Penard) Ceophloeus lineatus improcerus Bangs and Penard, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 62, 1918, p. 58. (Baia, Brazil.) Eastern Brazil in State of Baia. Dryocopus erythrops erythrops (Valenciennes) Picus erythrops Valenciennes, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd, Levrault, 40, 1826, p. 178. ( Brazil.) Eastern and southern Brazil in states of Pernambuco (?), Es- pirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina in Territory of Misiones. Dryocopus erythrops fulcitus (Peters) Ceophloeus erythrops fulcitus Peters, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5, 1926, p. 195. (Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina. ) Northern Argentina in Territory of Chaco. Dryocopus schulzi (Cabanis) Phloeotomus Schulzi Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 31, 1883, p. 102. (Tucuman. ) Neophloeotomus Shiptoni Dabbene, An. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires, 27, 1915, p. 79, pl. 1. (Vipos, 500 metres, Tucuman. ) Neophloeotomus Schulzi major Dabbene, Physis (Buenos Aires), 2, pt. 10, 1916, p. 167. (Resistencia, Chaco.) Ceophloeus ater Mogensen, Hornero, 5, 1932, p. 64. (New name for major.) Argentina in provs. of Chaco, Santiago del Estero, Tucuman, Cordoba and Misiones; Paraguay (one record). Dryocopus galeatus (Temminck) Picus galeatus “Natter.” Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 29, 1822, pl. 171. (Brazil.) Campephilus rufifrons W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, p. 49. (Rio Alto Parana, lat. 25° 43’ S.) 1Tt has been suggested that D. erythrops is but subspecifically distinct from D. lineatus, but if the specimens cited in literature are correctly iden- tified, the ranges of the two forms overlap over a large area. The inter- relationships of the lineatus-erythrops-schulzi group are quite involved and require additional field study. FAMILY PICIDAE 157 Southern Brazil in states of Sao Paulo, Parana and Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina in Territory of Misiones. Genus ASYNDESMUS Coves Asyndesmus Coues, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1866, p. 55. Type, by original designation, Picus torquatus Wilson = Picus lewis G. R. Gray. cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 114-117. Asyndesmus lewis (G. R. Gray) Picus torquatus Wilson, Am. Orn., 3, 1811, p. 31, pl. 20, f. 3.1 (No locality = Montana, lat. 46° N.) Not of Boddaert, 1783. Picus Lewis “Drap.” G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 3, 1849, app., p. 22. New name for Picus torquatus Wilson, preoccupied. Asyndesmus lewisi Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 18, 1905, p. 225. New name for Picus torquatus Wilson, preoccupied. Breeds from Vancouver Island, southern British Colombia, northwestern Montana and southwestern South Dakota, south to California, central Arizona and southern New Mexico, extending eastward to northwestern Nebraska and eastern Colorado; mi- gratory in the northern parts of its range and wintering south and east to northern Baja California, California, northern Sonora, southern New Mexico and western Texas. Genus MELANERPES Swainson Melanerpes Swainson, Fauna Bor.-Am., 2, 1831 (1832), p. 316. Type, by monotypy, Picus erythrocephalus Linné. Centurus Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 310. Type, by subsequent designation, C. carolinus (L.) = Picus carolinus Linné (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 55.) Tripsurus Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 311. Type, by monotypy, P. flavifrons Spix, pl. 52 = Picus flavifrons Vieil- lot. Linneopicus Malherbe, Nouv. Classif. Picinées 1850, p.52. Type, by monotypy, Picus herminieri Lesson.” Balanosphyra Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 24, 1911, p. 34. Type, by original designation, Picus formicivorus Swainson. Chryserpes W. Miller, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1915, p. 517. Type, by original designation, Picus striatus P. L. S. Miller. 1The plate is lettered “L. Woodpecker”. 2 See Richmond, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 53, 1917, p. 599. 158 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD cf. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 417-418 (Melanerpes) ; 418-426 Centurus) ; 426 (Chryserpes) ; 426-429 (Balanosphyra) ; 429 (Linneopi- cus) ; 430-432 (Tripsurus). Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 41-48 (Melanerpes); 48-100 (Centurus); 100-112 (Balano- sphyra) ; 112-113 (Linneopicus) ; 117-124 (Tripsurus). Wetmore, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 93, 1943, p. 273-277 (races of aurifrons). Melanerpes erythrocephalus caurinus Brodkorb Melanerpes erythrophthalmus Silloway, Bull. Fergus County [Montana] Free High School, no. 1, 1903, p. 36. (Fergus Co., Montana.) Lapsus Melanerpes erythrocephalus erythrophthalmus Oberholser, Ca- nadian Field Nat., 33, 1919, p. 48. (Lewiston, Fergus Co., Montana, ex Silloway.) Melanerpes erythrocephalus caurinus Brodkorb, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, no. 303, 1935, p. 2. (Lodgepole Creek, 2 miles northwest of Chappell, Duel Co., Nebraska.) Breeds from about the International boundary from north-central Montana to eastern North Dakota southward through eastern Wyoming, western Nebraska, eastern Colorado to northern New Mexico. Partially migratory in the northern part of its range. Melanerpes erythrocephalus erythrocephalus (Linné) Picus erythrocephalus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 113. (America = South Carolina.) Breeds from southern Manitoba, southern Ontario, New York and New England (rare and local east of the Hudson and Dela- ware rivers) south to the Gulf coast and Florida, west to Minne- sota, eastern Nebraska, eastern Kansas and central Texas. Irreg- ularly migratory in the northern part of its range. Melanerpes portoricensis (Daudin) Picus portoricensis Daudin, Ann. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. [Paris], 2, 1803, p. 286, pl. 51.1 (Puerto Rico.) Puerto Rico. Melanerpes herminieri (Lesson) Picus Herminiert Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 3, 1830, p. 228. (North America, error = Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles.) Island of Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles. 1The plate is lettered “Pic de Portorico”. FAMILY PICIDAE 159 Melanerpes formicivorus bairdi Ridgway Melanerpes formicivorus bairdi Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 21, 1881, p. 85. (California; type from Petaluma, Sonoma Co.) Pacific coast region of the United States from southwestern Oregon to southern California. Melanerpes formicivorus martirensis (Grinnell and Swarth) Balanosphyra formicivora martirensis Grinnell and Swarth, Con- dor, 28, 1926, p. 176, f. 48c. (La Jolla, 6200 feet, Sierra San Pedro Martir, Baja California. ) Baja California, chiefly on the western slopes of the Sierra San Pedro Martir, north nearly to the United States boundary and south to about lat. 31° N. Melanerpes formicivorus angustifrons Baird Melanerpes formicivorus var. angustifrons Baird, in Cooper’s Orn. Cal., 1, 1870, p. 405. (Cape San Lucas, Baja California.) Mountains of the Cape district of Baja California. Melanerpes formicivorus formicivorus (Swainson) Picus formicivorus Swainson, Philos. Mag. (n.s.), 1, 1827, p. 439. (Temiscaltepec, México.) ?Melanerpes xantholarynx Reichenbach, Handb. spec. Orn., cont. xii, Scansoriae c Picinae, 1854, p. 384, pl. DCXLIII, figs. 4293-94. (Mexico?) The type is unique; perhaps a partial albino. Melanerpes formicivorus aculeatus Mearns, Auk, 7, 1890, p. 249. (Squaw Peak, central Arizona.) [Balanosphyra formicivora] mearnsi van Rossem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 77, 1934, p. 444, in text. (Mountains of south- ern Arizona.) New name for M. f. aculeatus Mearns, lapsus. Arizona, New Mexico, western and south-central Texas, south to Oaxaca, Puebla and Veracruz. ?Melanerpes formicivorus lineatus (Dickey and van Rossem) Balanosphyra formicivora lineata Dickey and van Rossem, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 40, 1927, p. 1. (Mt. Cacaguatique, 3800 feet, Dept. San Miguel, El Salvador.) Southern Chiapas, Guatemala, western British Honduras, Hon- duras, El Salvador and northern Nicaragua. Doubtfully distinct from M. f. albeolus. Melanerpes formicivorus albeolus Todd Melanerpes formicivorus albeolus Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- 160 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD ington, 23, 1910, p. 153. (Near Manatee, British Honduras.) Coast region of British Honduras. Melanerpes formicivorus striatipectus Ridgway Melanerpes formicivorus var. striatipectus Ridgway, in Baird, Brewer and Ridgway, Hist. No. Am. Bds., 2, 1874, p. 561, note. (Middle America south of Orizaba and Mirador; type from Birris, Costa Rica.) Highlands of Costa Rica and western Panama. Melanerpes formicivorus flavigula (Malherbe) Melampicos flavigula Malherbe, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 542. (No locality = Colombia.) Subtropical zone of the Andes of Colombia. Melanerpes hypopolius uropygialis (Baird) Centurus uropygialis Baird, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 7, 1854, p. 120. (Bill Williams Fork of Colorado River, New Mexico, 1.e. Arizona. ) Southern Arizona (except lower Colorado valley) and south- western New Mexico, south to northern and central Sonora. Melanerpes hypopolius albescens (van Rossem) Centurus uropygialis albescens van Rossem, Condor, 44, 1942, p. 22. (Laguna Dam, lower Colorado River, Imperial Co., California. ) Imperial Valley in California and the Colorado Valley from southern Nevada to northwestern Sonora. Melanerpes hypopolius cardonensis (Grinnell) Centurus uropygialis cardonensis Grinnell, Condor, 29, 1927, p. 168. (Cafion San Juan de Dios, 10 miles east of El Rosario, lat. 30° N, Baja California.) Central part of the Baja California peninsula, north on the east side to about lat. 32° N. Melanerpes hypopolius brewsteri (Ridgway) Centurus uropygialis brewsteri Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, 24, 1911, p. 32. (Santiago, Baja California. ) Baja California from about lat. 28° 30’ N., southward. Melanerpes hypopolius fuscescens (van Rossem) Centurus uropygialis fuscescens van Rossem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 77, 1934, p. 410. (Chinobampo, Sonora. ) Southwestern Sonora south to northern Sinaloa and east to southwestern Chihuahua. FAMILY PICIDAE 161 Melanerpes hypopolius tiburonensis (van Rossem) Centurus uropygialis tiburonensis van Rossem, Condor, 44, 1942, p. 22. (Petrel Bay, Tiburén Island.) Confined to Tiburon Island in the Gulf of California off the coast of Sonora. Melanerpes hypopolius sulfuriventer (Reichenbach) Centurus sulfuriventer Reichenbach, Handb. spec. Orn., cont. xii, Scansoriae c Picinae, 1854, p. 410, pl. DCLXIV, figs. 4401, 4402. (México, = central-western Mexico apud van Rossem. ) Western México in states of Sinaloa, Nayarit, Durango, Jalisco, Zacatecas and Aguas Calientes. Melanerpes hypopolius hypopolius (Wagler) Picus hypopolius Wagler, Isis von Oken, 22, 1829, col. 514. (México; types from Tehuacan and Tecuapan, Puebla.) México in states of Puebla, México, Morelos, Guerrero and Oaxaca. Melanerpes carolinus zebra (Boddaert) Picus zebra Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 43. (Louisiana, ex Daubenton, pl. 692; restricted to Baton Rouge, Louisiana by Burleigh and Lowery, 1944.) Central United States in the Mississippi drainage area from southeastern South Dakota and Michigan to the Gulf of Mexico and west to central Texas. Melanerpes carolinus carolinus (Linné) Picus carolinus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 113. (North America = South Carolina.) Eastern United States, chiefly Atlantic drainage, from western New York, southern Pennsylvania and Delaware to the central part of the Florida peninsula. Melanerpes carolinus perplexus (Burleigh and Lowery) Centurus carolinus perplexus Burleigh and Lowery, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Louisiana State Univ., no. 17, 1944, p. 298. (Cape Sable, near Flamingo, Munroe Co., Florida. ) Southern part of the Florida peninsula, north to about Charlotte Harbor; Florida Keys. Melanerpes aurifrons polygrammus (Cabanis) Centurus polygrammus Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 326. (San Bartolo, Tehuantepec. ) 162 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Pacific slope of southwestern México from southeastern Oaxaca to western Chiapas. Melanerpes aurifrons frontalis Nelson Melanerpes frontalis Nelson, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 257. (San Vicente, Chiapas. ) Chiapas, except extreme western and northern; northwestern Guatemala (?). Melanerpes aurifrons aurifrons (Wagler) Picus Aurifrons Wagler, Isis von Oken, 22, 1829, col. 512. (“Meéxico” = Hidalgo.) The greater part of Texas (except Big Bend region) and south- ward over northern and central México to Jalisco, Michoacan, México and Tamaulipas (except southern). Melanerpes aurifrons incanescens (Todd) Centurus aurifrons incanescens Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 30, 1946, p. 298. (Twelve miles south of Marathon, Brewster Co., Texas.) Big Bend region of western Texas. Melanerpes aurifrons grateloupensis (Lesson) Picus Grateloupensis Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1839, p. 41. (México.) Eastern México from extreme southern Tamaulipas and south- eastern San Luis Potosi south to central Veracruz and eastern Puebla. Melanerpes aurifrons veraecrucis Nelson Melanerpes dubius verecrucis Nelson, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 259. (Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz. ) Southeastern Veracruz to northern Chiapas, western Campeche, Tabasco and adjacent parts of Guatemala. Melanerpes aurifrons dubius (Cabot) Picus dubius Cabot, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 1, 1844, p. 164. (Yucatan ; type from Uxmal.) Eastern Campeche and Yucatan to Petén and British Honduras. Melanerpes aurifrons leei (Ridgway) Centurus leei Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 3, 1885, p. 22. (Cozumel Island.) Mecos and Cozumel Island; Mujeres Island (?). Melanerpes aurifrons santacruzi (Bonaparte) Centurus Santa Cruzi Bonaparte, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 5, 1837 (1838), p. 116. (Guatemala. ) FAMILY PICIDAE 163 Melanerpes santacruzi fumosus Nelson, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 258. Huehuetan, Chiapas.) Southwestern Chiapas south through central and eastern Guate- mala to western Honduras, El Salvador and northern Nicaragua. Melanerpes aurifrons pauper (Ridgway) Centurus santacruzi pauper Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 10, 1888, p. 582. (Truxillo, Honduras.) Caribbean slope of Honduras. Melanerpes aurifrons insulanus (Bond) Centurus santa-crugi insulanus Bond, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 88, 1936, p. 360. (Utilla Island.) Confined to Utilia Island, Bay Islands, Gulf of Honduras. Melanerpes aurifrons canescens (Salvin) Centurus canescens Salvin, Ibis, 1889, p. 370. (Ruatan Island.) Islands of Ruatan and Barburat [Barbareta]. Melanerpes aurifrons hoffmannii (Cabanis) Centurus Hoffmannu Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 322. (Costa Rica.) Nicaragua and the central plateau and Pacific slope of Costa Rica. Melanerpes chrysogenys chrysogenys (Vigors) Picus chrysogenys Vigors, in Zool. Beechey’s Voy., 1839, p. 24. (No locality, but either Mazatlan Sinaloa or San Blas or Tepic, Nayarit.) 1 Western Mexico in states of Sinaloa and Nayarit. Melanerpes chrysogenys flavinuchus (Ridgway) Centurus chrysogenys flavinuchus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 24, 1911, p. 32. (Acapulco, Guerrero. ) Western México in states of Jalisco, Colima, Morelos, Guerrero and Oaxaca. Melanerpes superciliaris bahamensis (Cory) Centurus bahamensis Cory, Auk, 9, 1892, p. 270. (Great Bahama Island. ) Bahama Islands: Great Bahama. Melanerpes superciliaris nyeanus (Ridgway) Centurus nyeanus Ridgway, Auk, 3, 1886, p. 336. (Watling’s Island. ) Bahama Islands: Watling’s Island. lef. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 90, note b. 164 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Melanerpes superciliaris blakei (Ridgway) Centurus blakei Ridgway, Auk, 3, 1886, p. 337. (Abaco Island.) Bahama Islands: Abaco. Melanerpes superciliaris superciliaris (Temminck) Picus superciliaris Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 73, 1827, pl. 433. (Cuba. ) Island of Cuba. Melanerpes superciliaris murceus (Bangs) Centurus superciliaris murceus Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton, 23, 1910, p. 173. (San Juan, Isle of Pines.) Centurus superciliaris merceus Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 419. Lapsus. Isle of Pines. Melanerpes caymanensis (Cory) Centurus caymanensis Cory, Auk, 3, 1886, p. 499. (Grand Cay- man. ) Island of Grand Cayman. Melanerpes radiolatus (Wagler) Picus radiolatus Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827, Picus, sp. 39. (Jamaica. ) Island of Jamaica. Melanerpes striatus (P. L. S. Muller) Picas [sic] striatus P. L. S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 91. (Santo Domingo.) Island of Hispaniola. Melanerpes rubricapillus rubricomus nomen nov. Centurus rubriventris Swainson, Anim. in Menag., 1838 (1837), p. 354. (No locality = Mérida, Yucatan) 1 Not Picus rubri- ventris Vieillot, 1818, which = Melanerpes flavifrons (Vieil- lot), 1818. Northern part of the Yucatan Peninsula. Melanerpes rubricapillus pygmaeus (Ridgway) Centurus rubriventris pygmeus Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 8, 1885, p. 576. (Cozumel Island.) Cozumel Island. Melanerpes rubricapillus tysoni (Bond) Centurus rubriventris tysont Bond, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- 1cf Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N.Y., 9, 1868, p. 206. FAMILY PICIDAE 165 delphia, 88, 1936, p. 361. (Bonacca Island, Bay Islands, Gulf of Honduras. ) Confined to Bonacca Island. Melanerpes rubricapillus costaricensis (Aldrich) Centurus rubricapillus costaricensis Aldrich, Sci. Publ. Cleve- land Mus. Nat. Hist., 7, 1937, p. 81. (El Pozo, 25 feet, Rio Térraba, Puntarenas, Costa Rica.) Southwestern Costa Rica. Melanerpes rubricapillus rubricapillus (Cabanis ) Centurus rubricapillus Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 328. (Barranquilla, Colombia. ) Melanerpes Wagleri Salvin and Godman, Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, 2, 1895, p. 416. (“Parts of Venezuela and Colombia including the State of Panama” = Loma del Leon, Canal Zone.) Melanerpes subelegans neglectus Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 18, 1896, p. 668. (Bogota, Colombia. ) Melanerpes wagleri sancte-marte Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, 12, 1898, p. 134. (Santa Marta, Colombia.) Panama and the Caribbean coast of northern Colombia, extend- ing up the Magdalena River to Chicoral and to western Venezuela (Perija). Melanerpes rubricapillus seductus (Bangs) Malanerpes [sic] seductus Bangs, Auk, 18, 1901, p. 26. (San Miguel Island [now Isla El Rey], Pearl Islands.) Pearl Islands, where apparently confined to Isla El Rey. Melanerpes rubricapillus paraguanae (Gilliard) Centurus subelegans paraguanae Gilliard, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 1071, 1940, p. 7. (Cerro Santa Ana, Paraguana Peninsula, Venezuela. ) Northwestern Venezuela on the Paraguana Peninsula and the adjacent mainland of the State of Falcon from Casigua to Cumarebo. Melanerpes rubricapillus terricolor (Berlepsch) Centurus terricolor Berlepsch, Ibis, 1880, p. 113. (Orinoco dis- trict or Trinidad.) Northern Venezuela, except parts occupied by M. r. paraguanae ; islands of Margarita, Trinidad and Tobago. Melanerpes pucherani perileucus Todd Melanerpes pucheram perileucus Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington, 23, 1910, p. 154. (Near Manatee, British Honduras. ) 166 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD Southern México in states of Veracruz, Puebla and Oaxaca, south through British Honduras and the Caribbean slope of Guatemala to northern Honduras. Melanerpes pucherani pucherani (Malherbe) Zebrapicus Pucherani Malherbe, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 542. (Tobago, error = Colombia by designation of Hellmayr, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1911, p. 1188.) Southeastern Honduras, Nicaragua, eastern Costa Rica, Panama, the Pacific slope and lower Cauca Valley in Colombia, and western Ecuador. Melanerpes chrysauchen chrysauchen Salvin Melanerpes chrysauchen Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 213. (Bogaba [Chiriqui], Panama.) Southwestern Costa Rica and the Pacific slope of western Panama. Melanerpes chrysauchen pulcher Sclater Melanerpes pulcher Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 330. (Near Bogota, Colombia. ) Northern Colombia in depts. of Antioquia, Santander and Boyaca ; Bogota trade skins.1 Melanerpes flavifrons flavifrons (Vieillot) Picus flavifrons Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 26, 1818, p. 75. (Brazil. ) South-central Brazil in states of Goiaz, Minas Gerais, Baia, Espirito Santo and Rio de Janeiro. Melanerpes flavifrons rubriventris (Vieillot) Picus rubriventris Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 26, 1818, p. 103. (Paraguay, ex Azara.) Southeastern Brazil in states of Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul and southeastern Mato Grosso ; north- eastern Argentina; Paraguay. Melanerpes cruentatus extensus (Todd) Tripsurus cruentatus extensus Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25, 1937, p. 251. (Arima, Rio Purts, Brazil.) Tropical South America east of the Andes to Venezuela and northwestern and western Brazil, south to Pert, northeastern Bolivia and the Rio Madeira. 1 Goodfellow’s record (Ibis, 1902, p. 210) for this bird in northwestern Ecuador refers to M. p. pucherani, fide Chapman, 1926, p. 362. FAMILY PICIDAE 167 Melanerpes cruentatus cruentatus (Boddaert) Picus cruentatus Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 43. (Cayenne, ex Daubenton, pl. 694, f. 2.) The Guianas and the Para region of eastern Brazil. NOTE. Melanerpes hargitti Du Bois, Syn. Av., 1, fase. 1, 1899, p. 68, pl. 2, f. 2. (No locality.) Based on Melanerpes sp. inc. Dubois, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1897, p. 783, appears to be a hybrid, M. c. cruentatus x M. rubrifrons. Melanerpes rubrifrons (Spix) Picus rubrifrons Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 61, pl. 55, figs. 1, 2. (Bara) Eastern Venezuela, the Guianas and northern Brazil. GeENus LEUCONERPES Swainson Leuconerpes Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 310. Type, by monotypy, L. candidus, Zool. Ill. pl. 38 = Picus candidus Otto. cf. Gyldenstolpe, K. Svenska Vet. Akad. Handl. (3), 23, 1945, no. 1, p. 127-128. Steullet and Deautier, Obra Cincuentenario Mus. de la Plata, 1, 5* entr., 1946, p. 950-952. Leuconerpes candidus (Otto) Picus candidus Otto, Buffon’s Naturg. Vogel, 23, 1796, p. 191. (Cayenne; not known to occur at present.) Campo region of Brazil in states of Amazonas, Para (including islands of Mexiana and Marajo), Maranhao, Piaui, Baia, Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, Goiaz, Mato Grosso, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo; central Bolivia; Paraguay; Uruguay; northern Argentina in provs. of Jujuy, Salta, Formosa, Chaco, Tucuman, Santiago del Estero, La Rioja, San Luis, Cordoba, Santa Fé, Misiones, Cor- rientes, Entre Rios and northern Buenos Aires. Genus SPHYRAPICUS Barrp Sphyrapicus Baird, in Baird, Cassin and Lawrence, Rept. Expl. andy Sutvan Ro eRe eacihe 9" IS585 p. S