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‘NorTH AMERICAN Birps

OF

PREPARED BY A COMMITTEE

OF THE

American Ornithologists’ Union

SECOND AND REVISED EDITION

Privat Droverty oF Dr.C.W. Stiles i : ae é ——_ @0ologist, B.A. I.

Zodlogical Nomenclature is a means, not an end, of Zodlogical Science

NEW YORK AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ UNION

1895

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SR an Copyright, 1895, | | ih By AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ UNION.

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Cambridge, Mass.: Press oF Epwarp W. WuHrELER. |

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PREBAGK TO) THE FIRST “EDITION:

T the first Congress of the American Ornithologists’ Union, held in New York, September 26-29, 1883, the following resolution was adopted : —

“ Resolved, That the Chairman appoint a Committee of five, including himself, to whom shall be referred the question of a Re- vision of the Classification and Nomenclature of the Birds of North America.”

In pursuance of this resolution the following Committee was appointed: Messrs. Coues, Allen, Ridgway, Brewster, and Henshaw.

The Committee, having held numerous sessions in Wash- ington and New York, presented its Report at the second Con- gress of the Union, held in New York, Sept. 30 to Oct. 2, 1884, when the following resolution was adopted : —

“ Resolved, That the Report of the Committee on the Revision of the Nomenclature and Classification of North American Birds be ac- cepted and adopted, and that it be recommitted to the Committee, with instructions to complete and submit it to the Council as soon as practicable; and that the Council be empowered and instructed to accept and adopt the Report as finally rendered, with such modifica- tions as they may deem necessary, and to publish the same, copy- righted, in part or in whole, and in one or more forms, in the name and under the auspices of the American Ornithologists’ Union.”

The Committee, having continued its sessions, presented its final report to the Council at a meeting held in Washington

iv PREFACE.

on the 21st of April, 1885, when the Report of the Committee was accepted and adopted, and was referred again to the Com- mittee for publication, the Committee to exercise such edi- torial revison as might seem necessary.

Pursuant to the foregoing resolutions of the Union and Council, the Committee now offers to the public, in the name and on behalf of the Union, the result of its labors, consist- ing of a List of North American Birds, preceded by the Code of Rules adopted by the Committee for its guidance in the preparation of the List.

The Committee ventures to hope that the new Code will find favor, not only with ornithologists, but among zodlo- gists generally.

‘ ELLIOTT COUES. 1, A ATES ROBERT RIDGWAY. WILLIAM BREWSTER. H. W. HENSHAW.

PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.

T the Eleventh Congress of the American Ornithologists’ Union, held in Cambridge, Mass., November 20-23, 1894, it was voted to publish, as early as practicable, a new edition of the Union’s Check-List of North American Birds, to include the numerous additions and nomenclatural changes made in the several Supplements! to the Check-List since the publication of the original edition, together with a revision of the ‘ habitats’ of the species and subspecies, but omitting the Code of Nomenclature.?, The original Com-

1 Supplement | to the | Code of Nomenclature and Check-List | of | North American Birds | adopted by the American Ornithologists’ Union | Prepared by | a Committee of the Union | — | New York | American Omithologists’ Union | 1889. — 8vo, pp. 23.

Second Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-List of North American Birds. Zhe Auk, VII, Jan. 1890, pp. 60-66. Also separate.

Third Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-List of North American Birds. Zhe Auk, VIII, Jan. 1891, pp. 83-90. Also separate.

Fourth Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-List of North American Birds. The Auk, IX, Jan. 1892, pp. 105-108. Also separate.

Fifth Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-List of North American Birds. Zhe Auk, X, Jan. 1893, pp. 59-63. Also separate.

Sixth Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-List of North American Birds. Zhe Auk, XI, Jan. 1894, pp. 46-51. Also separate.

Seventh Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-List of North American Birds. Zhe Auk, XII, April, 1894, pp. 163-169. Also separate.

Check-List | of | North American Birds | according to the Canons of Nomen- clature | of the | American Ornithologists’ Union | — | Abridged Edition | Re- vised | — | Published by the American Ornithologists’ Union | 1889. — 8vo, pp. 71. Includes the additions to the original Check-List made in the first Supplement.

* Republished separately in 1892 asa pamphlet of 72 pages with the following title: The | Code of Nomenclature | adopted by the | American Ornithologists’ Union | — | Zoological Nomenclature is a means, not an end, of Zodlogical Science | — | New York | American Ornithologists’ Union | 1892.

vi PREFACE.

mittee on Classification and Nomenclature of North Amer- ican Birds was reappointed! to take charge of the work. The Committee held sessions in Washington, D. C., January 15-19, 1894, and February 12, 13, 1895. to outline the work and to rule on the questions involved in the publication of the revised List. The revision of the matter relating to the geographic distribution of the species and subspecies was undertaken by the Committee as a whole, each member in turn taking it in hand, while the incorporation of typographic and other rectifications made during the sessions of the Com- mittee,? and the final preparation of the manuscript for the printer, was referred to a subcommittee consisting of the Editor of ‘ The Auk,’ to whom was also assigned the general editorial supervision of the work.

The following extracts from the Introduction to the Code of Nomenclature (pp. 14, 15) will serve to explain the scope and plan of the Check-List, including the method of incor- porating additions.

“yz, That the term ‘ North American,’ as applied to the proposed List of Birds, be held to include the continent of North America north of the present United States and Mexican boundary, and Greenland ; and the peninsula of Lower California, with the islands naturally belonging thereto.

‘2. That species be numbered consecutively, and that subspecies be enumerated by affixing the letters a, 0, c, etc., to the number borne by their respective species ; provided, that any subspecies of a species not included in the North American Fauna shall be separately num- bered as if a species.

“3. That stragglers or accidental visitors, not regarded as com- ponents of the North American Fauna, be distinguished by having their respective numbers in brackets.

1 With the exception of Mr. H. W. Henshaw, who was unable to serve, and Dr. C. Hart Merriam was appointed in his stead.

*The Committee desires to here acknowledge valuable assistance received, especially in the preparation of the geographic portions of the list, from Major Charles Bendire, Mr. Frank M. Chapman, Dr. Walter Faxon, Dr. A. K. Fisher, Mr. Gerrit S. Miller, Jr.,and Dr. T.S. Palmer. The Committee is further indebted to Dr. Palmer for numerous corrections in the citations of original references.

PREFAGE. vii

“4. That any subsequent additions to the list be interpolated in systematic order, and bear the number of the species immediately preceding, with the addition of a figure (1, 2, etc., as the case may require), separated from the original number by a period or decimal point, thus giving the interpolated number a decimal form (e. g., 243-1, etc.), in order that the original numbers may be permanent.

* * * * * * *

“6, That Giraud’s at present unconfirmed species of Texan birds be included in the List on Giraud’s authority.

“7, That species and subspecies the zodlogical status of which cannot be satisfactorily determined, like, ¢. g., Regulus cuviert and Spiza townsendi of Audubon, be referred to a hypothetical list, in each case with a brief statement of the reasons for such allocation.

“8. That a list of the fossil species of North American birds be added as an Appendix to the List proper.

“o. That the names of subgeneric and supergeneric groups of North American birds be included in the List in systematic order, to the end that the List may represent a classification as well as a nomenclature of the birds.

“ro. That references be given to the original description of the species,.and to the publication where the name as adopted in the List was first used; that the number borne by each species and sub- species in the Lists of Baird, 1858, of Coues, 1873, of Ridgway, 1880, and of Coues, 1882, be bracketed in chronological order after the synonymatic references.

“rr. That a summary statement of the.habitat of each species and subspecies, with special reference to its North American range, be included in the List.

“12. That the name of each bird shall consist of its generic without its subgeneric name, and of its specific with its subspecific name, if it have one, without the intervention of any other term.

* * * * * * *

“14. That every technical name be followed by a vernacular name, selected with due regard to its desirability.

‘‘75. That the name of each species and subspecies be followed by the name of the original describer of the same, to be enclosed in parentheses when it is not also the authority for the name adopted.

viii PREFACE.

“16. That all specific and subspecific names shall begin with a lower-case letter.

“17, That the sequence in classification followed in previous Lists be reversed, the List to begin with the lowest or most general- ized type, and end with the highest or most specialized.”

ELLIOTT COUES.

7. A. ALDEN: WILLIAM BREWSTER. C. HART MERRIAM. ROBERT RIDGWAY.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

PAGE

PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION : : , 5) (ise PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION . \ : Vv CHECK-LIST . ‘ 4 : : : ; , I ~ I. PYGOPODES I a. Podicipedes I

1. Podicipidz : : : : L ; : é : I

b. Cepphi . é A : : : : : 3

2. Urinatoride . : s : : : ; : : 3

2p AleGidze) |). ‘ : : : s ! 5

y» Il. LONGIPENNES . : s : Z : ; 4 ; wes 4. -Stercorariide : . : : : : : : Coates

5. Laride . : : : : : 4 j : ’ BMS His

6. Rynchopidez : : : : : : : a en

III. TUBINARES “ : 4 : : ; : : Y . Mere: 7. Diomedeidz é , : : ; b : , mauineke!

8. Procellariidz : : : ; : é Bin ninee)

IV. STEGANOPODES ‘ ‘ . ; : . : Sa 8) 9g. Phaéthontide . . : , : ; ; : nM Gp

10. Sulide . : : ; ; : : : J i He Wa)

11. Anhingide . 5 : : ; : i ; 5 NAL

12. Phalacrocoracide f ! : ‘ : ; : Dial hys o)

13. Pelecanide . “ . ‘ : ‘ 4 : ; SWI es

14. Fregatide . : : : ” : : y : WAG

v V. ANSERES . : ‘ ; ‘ : 4 : : Ny 27; 15. Anatidz : : : . - ‘ ( : : BUN)

. VI. ODONTOGLOSS A : i ! , : : ; ! ; AAG) 6, 16. Phoenicopteride , 4 : : : , : ; ae:

L’VII. HERODIONES . ; . ; d “ , : ; : GG Ca PGES! |). 4 : : ; : : é : : OO)

17. Plataleide . 4 5 : ‘ : ; : k ANH Ta

18. Ibididz SHANI PALS SENHA UHK) De TuMRORRH eS 2 Net

x TABLE OF CONTENTS.

PAGE

d. Ciconiz ; ; ! : : : ; c : f GS

19. Ciconiide . : . 4 : Y : : : . 68

e. Herodii . : : : : , ; : ; : : 2 6Q

20. Ardeidz 5 : : : ; 5 : a) OQ

¥ VIII. PALUDICOLZ . : ; ' : : : hers eutaTUes i ‘ ; ; P : : : SMO

21. Gruide 3 : : : i : : : BNA

g. Ralli 4 : ; : ; : ; , ‘ ; ; See

22. Aramide : 2 : ; : : : : ; a) 70

23. Rallidz : ; : , : ; : ; : Beat (5

v IX. LimicoLz : : : A : ; 4 : : : SPN? 24. Phalaropodide . : : : : : : : 82

25. Recurvirostride . : 3 , : : : 4 SMO:

26. Scolopacide . ; : ; : : : : : 3) 84

27. Charadriidz ; ; , P ! : ‘ ; Jag

28. Aphrizide . t : ¢ : «nat

29. Hematopodide . } : : LOH:

30. Jacanide 3 : : : aeROS

Ae OUT COG ors oN ee ea SDN UAT NTN DMRS! ec hk. Phasiani ; ; : : : , : : a OF

31. Tetraonide . i : : : , : A uel

32. Phasianide . : ; : : : ; ; s Say

z. Penelopes ; , : : : 4 : : EEG

33. Cracidze : é : : : : Ba Co)

“ XI. CoLuMBz : ; : : : ; SSNs y hatin ie) 34. Columbide . : : : - : Se ays.

XII. RAPTORES . : : : Y ; , ; : : ees j- Sarcorhamphi : ; : ; Neu 79/1

35. Cathartide . ‘ d s aye poy |

k. Falcones : ; - : 7 Z ¢ : : : 2 eT26

36. Falconide . ‘ P i P : : { n26

(BNSI PREIS | 4 : ; x ; ; : “ : é nae

37. Strigide s y : A : i : i see

38. Bubonide j : : ‘ i ) E : ; . 142

UT We STEEACT é ! i { : : " : } ; 5) ge 39. Psittacide , : : : : A ; 7 A Sey tis72

XIV. CoccyGEs . : : : . ; ; - 4 : F a ae m. Cuculi. : , ee Fs ‘ : f . : 3 avian

40. Cuculidz . : ° . . : . . . - 153

n. Trogones ; : : : : ; : : : : <P hEg6

41. Trogonide . : . : ‘ : : : - 5G

o. Alcyones i : : , . ; : 3 : : WEG

42. Alcedinide . , : : : : : 5 : ELS

v XV. Picr

43-

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Picidz

p XVI. Macrocurres p-. Caprimulgi

44. Caprimulgide

g- Cypseli . : 5

45°

Micropodidz

r. Trochili 46. Trochilidz

~ XVII. PAssERES s. Clamatores

47- 48.

Cotingidz Tyrannide

z. Oscines .

49- 50. pie 52. 53: 54: 55: 56. 57- 58. 59: 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67.

Alaudide Corvide Sturnidze Icteridze Fringillidz Tanagride Hirundinidz Ampelidz Laniidz Vireonidz Ceerebidze Mniotiltide . Motacillide . Cinclidz Troglodytide Certhiidz Paride . Sylviide Turdide

HYPOTHETICAL DIST

THE FOSSIL BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA

INDEX.

xi

PAGE

157 157

168 168 168 I7I 171 173 173

179 179 179 179 IQI IgI 194 202 202 211 254 256 260 261 262 267 268 288 291 291 393 304 313 316

325

335

347

ru, fay

Url C Ket ha 1,

OrDER PYGOPODES. Divine Brirps.

SUBORDER PODICIPEDES. GREBEs. Famity PODICIPIDA5. GreEBEs.

Genus ZSCHMOPHORUS Couss.

Aichmophorus Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. April, 1862, 229. Type, Podiceps occidentalis Lawre.

1. 4ichmophorus occidentalis (Lawr.). Western Grebe.

Podiceps occidentalis LAwr. in Bairp’s B. N. Am. 1858, 894. Aichmophorus occidentalis Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 229. [B 704, C 608, R 729, C 845. | GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.—Western North America, eastward to Manitoba, south to central Mexico.

Genus COLYMBUS Linnevs.

Colymbus Linn. S.N. ed. to, I. 1758, 135. Type, by elimination, Colymbus cristatus LINN.

SuBGENus COLYMBUS.

2. Colymbus holbeellii (Retu.). Holbeell’s Grebe. Podiceps holbellii REINH. Vid. Med. 1853, 76. Colymbus holbellii Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 428.

2 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

iB 7o2, C6xo,,Riygr, Csaya

Geroc. Dist.— North America at large, including Greenland. Also eastern Siberia, and southward to Japan. Breeds in high latitudes, migrating south in winter.

SuBGENUS DYTES Kaup.

Dytes Kaup, Sk. Ent. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 41. Type, Colymbus auritus LINN.

3. Colymbus auritus LINN. Horned Grebe.

Colymbus auritus LINN. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 135. [eB 7o6.°C Orr R732 °C 8438.4 Geoc. Dist.— Northern hemisphere. Breeds from the northern United States northward.

4. Colymbus nigricollis californicus (HEERM.). American Kared Grebe.

Podiceps californicus HEERM. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1854, 179. Colymbus nigricollis californicus Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 356. ; [i 707, C612, 0R 7ae@. Cieco.|

Groc. Dist.— Northern and western North America, from the Mississippi Valley westward, southward to Guatemala.

SUBGENUS PODICEPS LaruHam.

Podiceps LAtH. Ind. Orn. II. 1790, 780. Type, by elimination, Colymbus fluviatilis 'TUNST.

5. Colymbus dominicus Linn. St. Domingo Grebe.

Colymbus dominicus LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 223. [B 708a, C 613, R 734, C 851.] Geoc. Dist.— Southern Texas and Lower California southward through tropical America to Paraguay, including the West Indies.

ORDER PYGOPODES. 3

Genus PODILYMBUS Lesson.

Podilymbus Less. Traité, I. 1831, 595. Type, Colymbus podiceps Linn.

6. Podilymbus podiceps (Linn.). Pied-billed Grebe.

Colymbus podieps LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 136. Lodilymbus podiceps LAwR. in Bairp’s B. N. Am. 1858, 898.

bE 799, (i6r4, Roggs. C Scz.]

Geoc. Dist.— British Provinces southward to Brazil, Argentine Republic, and Chili, including the West Indies and Bermuda, breeding nearly throughout its range.

SUBORDER CEPPHI. Loons anp Auks. ‘Famit_y URINATORIDZ. Loons.

Genus URINATOR Cuvier.

Urinator Cuv. Anat. Comp. I. 1800, tabl. 11. Type, Colymbus tember GUNN.

7. Urinator imber (Gunv.). Loon.

Colymbus imber GUNNERUS, Trondh. Selsk. Skr. I. 1761, pl. iii. Urinator imber STEJN. Orn. Expl. Kamchat. 1885, 313.

[B 698, C 60s, R 736, C 840.]

Geroc. Disr.— Northern part of northern hemisphere. In North America breeds from the northern tier of States northward ; ranges in winter south to the Gulf of Mexico and Lower California.

4 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 8. Urinator adamsii (Gray). Yellow-billed Loon.

Colymbus adamsii GRAY, P. Z. S. 1859, 167. Urinator adamsii STEJN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 43.

[B—, C 605a, R 737, C 841. ]

Geoc. Dist.— Arctic America, west of Hudson Bay, and north- eastern Asia. Casual in northern Europe.

9. Urinator arcticus (LINN.). Black-throated Loon.

Colymbus arcticus LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 135. Urinator arcticus STEJN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 43.-

[B 699, C 606, R 738, C 842.]

Groc. Dist.— Northern part of the northern hemisphere. In North America of casual occurrence in autumn and winter in the northern United States east of Rocky Mountains.

10. Urinator pacificus (Lawr.). Pacific Loon.

Colymbus pacificus LAwWR. in Barrp’s B. N. Am. 1858, 889. Urinator pacificus STEJN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 43.

[B 700, C 6062, R 739, C 843.]

Geoc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, south in winter to Cape St. Lucas and Guadalupe Island.

11. Urinator lumme (Gunv.). Red-throated Loon.

Colymbus lumme GuNN. Trond. Selsk. Skr. I. 1761, pl. ii. fig. 2. Urinator lumme STEJN. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 43.

[B 701, C 607, R 740, C 844.]

Geoc. Dist.— Northern part of northern hemisphere, migrating southward in winter nearly across the United States.

ORDER PYGOPODES. 5

Famity ALCIDZ. Avuxs, MurREsS, AND PUFFINS. SuBFAMILY FRATERCULINA. Purrins.

Genus LUNDA Pa.tas.

Lunda Pau. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 363. Type, Ala cirrhata PALL. ki

12. Lunda cirrhata PALL. Tufted Puffin.

Alca cirrhata PALL. Spic. Zool. V. 1769, 7, pl. i., pl. il. figs. 1-3. Lunda cirrhata Pau. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 363, pl. 82. (Bra, 716) C 619, Ri zag S56,

Geroc. Dist. — Coasts and islands of the North Pacific from the Santa Barbara Islands, California, to Alaska, and from Japan to Bering Strait. Accidental on the coast of Maine.

Genus FRATERCULA Brisson.

Fratercula Briss. Orn. VI. 1760, 81. Type, Alca arctica LINN.

13. Fratercula arctica (Linvn.). Puffin. Alca arctica LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 130. Fratercula arctica SCHAFFER, Mus. Orn. 1789, 61.

[B 715, C 618, R 743, C 854.] Groc. Dist. — Coasts and islands of the North Atlantic, breeding

on the North American coast from the Bay of Fundy northward. South in winter to Long Island, and casually further.

13a. Fratercula arctica glacialis (Trmm.). Large-billed Puffin. fratercula glacialis STEPHENS, Gen. Zool. Aves, XIII. pt. 1, 1826, 40. Fratercula arctica B glacialis Buasius, List B. Europ. 1862, 24.

6 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 714, C 618a, R 743a, C 855.]

Geoc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the Arctic Ocean, from Spitz- bergen to northern and western Greenland.

14. Fratercula corniculata (Navm.). Horned Puffin.

Mormon corniculata Naum. Isis, 1821, 782, pl. vii. figs. 3, 4. fratercula corniculata BRANDT, Bull. Ac. St. Pétersb. II. 1837,

348. [B 713, C 617, R 744, C 853.]

Groc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Pacific, from the Kuril Islands to British Columbia.

SUBFAMILY PHALERINAS. AvuKLETS, MURRELETS, GUILLEMOTS.

Genus CHRORHINCA Bonaparte.

Cerorhinca Bonar. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 1828, 427. Type, C. occ dentalis Be. = Alca monocerata PALL.

15. Cerorhinca monocerata (PALL.). Rhinoceros Auklet.

Alca monocerata Pau. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 362. Cerorhina monocerata Cass. in Bairpd’s B, N. Am. 1858, gos.

(B va7;) 718, C620, (R746, C1357]

Geoc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Pacific, breeding southward (formerly) to the Farallones; in winter southward to Lower California and Japan.

Genus PTYCHORAMPHUS Branpt.

Ptychoramphus BrRanvt, Bull. Ac. St. Pétersb. II. 1837, 347. Type, Uria aleutica PALL.

ORDER PYGOPODES. i

16. Ptychoramphus aleuticus (PALt.). Cassin’s Auklet. Uria aleutica Pau. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 370. Liychoramphus aleuticus BRANDT, Bull. Ac. St. Pétersb. II. 1837, 347: Ei 724 625, Ro 755s 862.) Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, from the Aleutian

Islands to Lower California, breeding southward to San Geronimo Island (Lat. 30°).

Genus CYCLORRHYNCHUS Kavp.

Cyclorrhynchus Kaur, Sk. Ent. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 155. Type, Alca psittacula PALu.

17. Cyclorrhynchus psittaculus (Patt.). Paroquet Auklet.

Alta psittacula Pau. Spic. Zool. V. 1760, 13, pl. ii., pl. v. figs. 4-6. Cyclorhynchus psittaculus SvrjN. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VII. Aug. Bloods 200. (Biyac) Ci6e8 Ri gaz) C.858,| Geoc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Pacific, from Sitka and the Kuril Islands northward.

Genus SIMORHYNCHUS Merrem. SuBGENUS SIMORHYNCHUS.

Simorhynchus MERREM, in Erscu & GRuUBER’s Encycl. 1 sect. II. 1819, 405. Type, Alca cristatella PALu.

18. Simorhynchus cristatellus (Patt). Crested Auklet.

Alca cristatella PAu. Spic. Zool. V. 1759, 20, pl. iii., pl. v. figs. 79: Simorhynchus cristatellus Bonar. Compt. Rend. XLII. 1856, 774.

b-

8 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B-719, 720, € G22, R 748} 'C S50.)

Geroc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Pacific, from Kadiak and Japan northward.

SuBGENUS PHALERIS Temmincx.

Phalteris TEMM. Man. Orn. 1820, p. cxii. Type, by elimination, Alca pygmea GMEL.

19. Simorhynchus pygmzeus (GMEL.). Whiskered Auklet.

Ala pygme@a GMEL. S, N. I. il. 1788, 555. Simorhynchus pygm@us BRANDT, Mél. Biol. VII. 1869, 222.

[Biy2n.@ 629. Rov4g C860. Groc. Dist.—Coasts and islands of the North Pacific, from Unalaska through the Aleutian chain to Kamchatka.

SuBGENUS CICHRONIA REICHENBACH.

Ciceronia REICH. Syst. Av. 1852, p. ili. Type, Phaleris micro- ceros BRANDT = Uria pusilla PALL.

20. Simorhynchus pusillus (PA.t.). Least Auklet.

Uria pusilla Pat. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 373, pl. 70. Simorhynchus pusillus Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 324. [Biy22, 723, C624, R450, C S61.) Geroc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Pacific, from Sitka and Japan northward to Bering Strait.

Genus SYNTHLIBORAMPHUS Branpt.

Synthliboramphus BRANDT, Bull. Ac. St. Pétersb. II. 1837, 347. Type, Ala antigua GMEL.

21. Synthliboramphus antiquus (GMEL.). Ancient Murrelet.

Alca antigua GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 554. Synthliboramphus antiquus BRANDT, Bull. Ac. St. Pétersb. II.

16295 347.

ORDER PYGOPODES. 9

[B 734, 736,-C 627,,R'753, 759, C 864, 870.]

Geoc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Pacific, from southern Vancouver Island and Japan northward. Accidental in Wisconsin.

Genus BRACHYRAMPHUS Branpt.

Brachyramphus BRanpt, Bull. Ac. St. Pétersb. II. 1837, 346. Type, Colymbus marmoratus GMEL.

23. Brachyramphus marmoratus (GMEL.). Marbled Murrelet.

Colymbus marmoratus GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 583. Brachyramphus marmoratus BRANDT, Bull. Ac. St. Pétersb. IT. 1837, 346. [B 732, 733, C 629, R 755, C 866.] Geroc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Pacific; on the American coast from San Diego northward, and breeding as far south as Vancouver Island.

24. Brachyramphus kittlitzii Branopr. Kittlitz’s Murrelet.

Brachyramphus kittlitzii BRANDT, Bull. Ac. St. Pétersb. II. 1837, 346. [B 735, C 630, R 756, C 867.] Groc. Dist.— Northern Japan, Kamchatka and Aleutian Islands, east to Unalaska.

25. Brachyramphus hypoleucus XantTUvs. Xantus’s Murrelet.

Lrachyrhamphus hypoleucus Xantus, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., Nov. 1859, 299. [B—, C—, R 757, C 868.]

Geroc. Dist.— Coasts of southern and Lower California, from Santa Barbara Island to Cape St. Lucas.

IO CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

26. Brachyramphus craveri (SALVAD.).

Craveri’s Murrelet. Uria craveri SALVAD. Atti Soc. It. Sc. Nat. VIII. 1866, Estr.

Pee gs Brachyrhamphus craverit COUES, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868,

66. Groc. Dist.— Both coasts of Lower California, from Cape St. Lucas northward to Espiritu Santo Island in the Gulf of California, and to Natividad Island (lat. 28°) on the Pacific side.

Genus CHPPHUS Pattas.

Cepphus Pau. Spic. Zool. V. 1769, 33. Type, C. dacteolus Pau. = C. grylle, albino.

27. Cepphus grylle (Linv.). Black Guillemot. Ala sry VIinn. 5S. N: ed. ro, T;,1758, 130: Cepphus grylle BREHM, Handb. Vog. Deutschl. 1831, 987.

[B 726, part, C 631, part, R 760, part, C $71, part. |

Geroc. Dist.— Coasts of northern Europe, south to Denmark and

the British Islands. Newfoundland and coast of Maine, south in

winter to Philadelphia.

28. Cepphus mandtii (Licur.). Mandt’s Guillemot.

Uria mandtit Licut. in Manpt’s Obs. Itin. Dissert. 1822, 30. Cepphus mandtii Br. Cat. Parzud. 1856, 12. [B 726, part, C 631, part, R 760, part, C 871, part.|

Groc. Dist.— Arctic regions of both continents; south on the Atlantic coast of North America, in winter, to Massachusetts, breeding south to Hudson Bay and Labrador; Alaskan coast, south,

in winter, to Norton Sound.

ORDER PYGOPODES. II 29. Cepphus columba PALL. Pigeon Guillemot. Cepphus columba Pau. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 348. [B 724, € 632, Ri 761, C872.

Groc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Pacific, southward from Bering Strait to northern Japan and the Santa Barbara Islands, California.

SUBFAMILY ALCINAS. AuKs AND MURRES.

Genus URIA Brisson.

Uria Briss. Orn. VI. 1760, 70. Type, by elimination, Colymbus troile LINN.

30. Uria troile (Lrnv.). Murre. Colymbus troile Linn. Faun. Suec. ed. 1761, 52; S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 220. Uria troile Latu. Ind. Orn. IT. 1790, 796.

[B 729, 730, C 634, R 763, C 874.]

Geoc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Atlantic, southward on the coast of North America, in winter, to southern New England ; breeding from the Magdalen Islands northward.

30a. Uria troile californica (Bryant). California Murre.

Catarractes californicus BRYANT, Pr. Bost. Soc. VIII. 1861, 11,

Hite ie esp Uria troile californica Rrpaw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 483.

[B—, C—, R 7634, C 875.]

Groc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Pacific, breeding from California north to the Pribilof Islands.

12 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

31. Uria lomvia (Linv.). Brunnich’s Murre.

Alca lomvia Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 130. Uria lomvia BRYANT, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. VIII. May, 1861, 75.

[B 731, C 635, R 764a, C 876.] Geroc. Dist.—Coasts and islands of the North Atlantic and eastern Arctic Oceans; south to the lakes of northern New York

and the coast of New Jersey. Breeding from the Gulf of St. Lawrence northward.

31a. Uria lomvia arra (PALL.). Pallas’s Murre.

Cepphus arra Pau. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 347. Uria lomvia arra Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. II. Sept. 1884, 485.

[Bu Ca RB hag

Geoc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Pacific and western Arctic Oceans, south to Kadiak and Kamchatka.

Genus ALCA Linne&vs.

Alca Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 130. Type, by elimination, Alca torda LINN.

32. Alea torda LINN. Razor-billed Auk.

Alca torda LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 130. [B 711, C 616, R 742, C 877.] Geoc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Atlantic, south in

winter on the North American coast casually to North Carolina, breeding from eastern Maine northward.

Genus PLAUTUS Britwnicu.

Plautus Brinn. Zool. Fund. 1772, 78. Type, Alca impennis LINN.

ORDER LONGIPENNES. 13

33. Plautus impennis (Linv.). Great Auk.

Ala impennis Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 130. Plautus impennis STEENSTR. Vid. Med. Nat. For. Kjgb. 1855,

II4. [B 710, C 615, R 741, C 878.]

Geroc. Dist.— Formerly the coasts and islands of the North Atlantic, from Massachusetts and Ireland northward nearly to the Arctic Circle. Now extinct.

SUBFAMILY ALLINZG. Dovekies.

Genus ALLE Linx.

Alle Linx, Beschr. Nat. Samml. Univ. Rostock, I. 1806, 17. Type, dia alle Linn.

34. Alle alle (Liny.).

Dovekie.

Alca alle Linn. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 131. Alle alle STEJNEGER, Stand. Nat. Hist. IV, 1885, 69.

[B 748; C 626, R 752, C 863.]

Geoc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Atlantic and eastern Arctic Oceans; in North America south in winter to New Jersey ; breeds in high northern latitudes. Accidental in Michigan.

OrDER LONGIPENNES. LONG—WINGED SWIMMERS.

Famity STERCORARIIDZ. Sxkuas anv JAEGERS.

Genus MEGALESTRIS Bonaparrve.

Megalestris Bonar. Cat. Parzudaki, 1856, 11. Type, Catharacta skua BRUNN.

14 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

35. Megalestris skua (BRUNN.). Skua. Catharacta skua BRUNN. Orn. Bor. 1764, 33. Megalestris skua RipGw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. Sept. 4, 1880, 208.

[B 652, C 539, R 696, C 764.]

Geoc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the North Atlantic, chiefly northward. South to Spain and North Carolina. Apparently rare on the coast of North America.

Genus STHRCORARIUS Brisson.

Stercorarius Briss. Orn. V. 1760, 149. Type, Larus parasiticus LINN.

36. Stercorarius pomarinus (TeEmm.). Pomarine Jaeger.

Larus pomarinus TEMM. Man. @’Orn. 1815, 514. * Stercorarius pomarinus ViEILL. Nouv. Dict. XXXII. 1819, i158.

[B 653, C 540, R 697, € 765.]

Groc. Dist.— Seas and inland waters of northern portions of the northern hemisphere, south in winter to Africa, Australia, and probably South America.

37. Stercorarius parasiticus (LI1nv.). Parasitic Jaeger. Larus parasiticus LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 136. Stercorarius parasiticus SCHAFF. Mus. Orn. 1789, 62, pl. 37-

[B 654, C 541, R 698, C 766.]

Geoc. Dist.— Northern part of northern hemisphere, southward in winter to South Africa and South America. breeds in high northern districts, and winters from New York and California south- ward to Brazil.

ORDER LONGIPENNES. 15

38. Stercorarius longicaudus VIEILL. Long-tailed Jaeger.

Stercorarius longicaudus VinitL. Nouv. Dict. XXXII. 1819, 157. [B 655, C 542, R 699, C 767.]

Groc. Dist.— Northern part of northern hemisphere, breeding in high northern districts ; south in winter to the Gulf of Mexico.

Famity LARIDA. Guttis anp TERNS. SuBFAMILY LARINZA. Guw_Ls.

Genus GAVIA Bole.

Gavia Boir, Isis, 1822, 563. Type, Larus eburneus PHIPPS = Larus albus GUNN.

39. Gavia alba (Gunvn.). Ivory Gull.

Larus albus GuNN. in LEEm’s Beskr. Finm. Lapp. 1767, 285. Gavia alba STEJN. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 39. [B 676, 677, C 550, R 657, C 785.]

Geroc. Dist.— Arctic Seas, south in winter on the Atlantic coast of North America to Labrador artd Newfoundland, casually to New Brunswick, and on the Pacific side to Bering Sea.

Genus RISSA STEPHENS.

Rissa STEPHENS, Gen. Zool. XIII. 1825, 180. Type, Larus tridactylus LINN.

40. Rissa tridactyla (Linv.). Kittiwake.

Larus tridactylus LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 136. Rissa tridactyla BONAP. Comp. List, 1838, 62.

16 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 672, C 552, R 658, C 782.| Groce. Dist.— Arctic regions, south in eastern North America in winter to the Great Lakes and the Middle States.

40a. Rissa tridactyla pollicaris RKipew. Pacific Kittiwake.

Rissa tridactyla pollicaris ‘“StnjN. MS.” Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 202. [B —, C 552a, R 658a, C 783.] Groc. Dist.— Coasts of North Pacific and Bering Sea, south in winter casually to southern California.

41. Rissa brevirostris (Brucu). Red-legged Kittiwake.

Larus brevirostris Brucu, J. f. O. 1853, 103. Rissa brevirostris LAwK. in Bairp’s B. N. Am. 1858, 855.

[B 674, 675, C 553, R 659, C 784.]

Groc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of Bering Sea.

Genus LARUS Linnaeus.

Larus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 136. Type, by elimination, L. canus LINN.

42. Larus glaucus Brinn. Glaucous Gull.

Larus glaucus BRUNN. Orn. Bor. 1764, 44. [B 656, C 543, R 660, C 768.] Groc. Dist.— Arctic regions, south in winter in North America to the Great Lakes and Long Island.

42.1. Larus barrovianus Ripcw. Point Barrow Gull.

Larus barrovianus Ripvew. Auk, III. July, 1886, 330.

ORDER LONGIPENNES. by.

fC ea er see

Geroc. Dist.— Bering Sea and contiguous waters ; northeastward to Point Barrow, southwestward to Japan.

43. Larus leucopterus Faber. Iceland Gull.

Larus leucopterus FABER, Prodr. Isl. Orn. 1822, 91. [B 658, C 544, R 661, C 769.]

Groc. Dist.— Arctic regions, south in winter in North America to Massachusetts and the Great Lakes, occasionally much further south.

44, Larus glaucescens Naum. Glaucous-winged Gull.

Larus glaucescens Naum. Naturg. Vég. Deutschl. X. 1840, 351. [B 657, 659, C 545, R 662, C 770.]

Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, from Alaska south to California; on the Asiatic side south to Japan.

45. Larus kumlieni Brewst. Kumlien’s Gull.

Larus kumlient Brewsv. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VIII. 1883, 216. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— North Atlantic coast of North America, breeding

in Cumberland Gulf; south in winter to the coast of the Middle States.

46. Larus nelsoni HeEnsu. Nelson’s Gull.

Larus nelsoni Hensu. Auk, I. July, 1884, 250. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geoc. Dist.— Coast of Norton Sound, Alaska.

2

18 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

47. Larus marinus LInn. Great Black-backed Gull.

Larus marinus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 136. [B 660, C 546, R 663, C 771.]

Geroc. Dist.— Coasts of the North Atlantic; south in winter to Long Island and Italy.

48. Larus schistisagus STEJN. Slaty-backed Gull.

Larus schistisagus STEJN. Auk, I. July, 1884, 231. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geos. Dist.— North Pacific, chiefly on the Asiatic side; Herald Island, Arctic Ocean, and Alaskan coast of Bering Sea.

49. Larus occidentalis Aup. Western Gull.

Larus occidentalis Aup. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 320. [B 662, C 5474, R 664, C 774.]

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, breeding from Lower California northward to British Columbia.

[50.] Larus affinis Remnu. Siberian Gull.

Larus afinis Retnu. Vid. Med. 1853, 78.

Geroc. Dist.— Northern Asia and Europe, southward in winter to northern Africa. Accidental in Greenland.

51. Larus argentatus Brinn. Herring Gull.

Larus argentatus BRUNN. Orn. Bor. 1764, 44. [B—, C 547, R 666, C 772.]

Geroc. Dist.— Old World, south to the Azores; Cumberland Sound ; occasional on the eastern coast of the United States.

ORDER LONGIPENNES. 19 51a. Larus argentatus smithsonianus Cours. American Herring Gull.

Larus smithsonianus Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 296. Larus argentatus var. smithsonianus Cours, Check-List, 1873,

no. 547a. [B 661, C 5472, R 666a, C 773.]

Groce. Dist.— North America generally, breeding from Maine, northern New York, the Great Lakes, and Minnesota northward; in winter south to Cuba and Lower California.

52. Larus vegz (PALMEN). Vega Gull.

Larus argentatus var. vege PALM. Bidr. Sibirisk. Vega Exp. 1887,

37°: Larus vege STEN. Auk, V. July, 1888, 310.

Groc. Dist.— Bering Sea and adjacent waters, south in winter to California and Japan.

53. Larus californicus Lawre. California Gull.

Larus californicus LAwr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. VI. 1854, 79. [B 663, C 5482, R 668, C 777.]

Groc. Dist.— Western North America, chiefly in the interior, from Alaska to Mexico.

54. Larus delawarensis Orp. Ring-billed Gull.

Larus delawarensis ORD, GUTHRIE’S Geog. 2d Am. ed. 1815, 319. [B 664, C 548, R 669, C 778.]

Groce. Dist.— North America at large; south in winter to Cuba and Mexico.

20 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 55. Larus brachyrhynchus RIcu. Short-billed Gull.

Larus brachyrhynchus Ricu. F. B. A. II. 1831, 421. [B 665, 673, C 549; R 670, C 780. |

Geroc. Distr.— Arctic America and Pacific coast, south in winter to southern California.

[56.| Larus canus Linn. Mew Gull.

Larus canus LINN. 8. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 136. [B—, C—, R 671, C 779.]

Geroc. Dist.— Europe and Asia; accidental in Labrador ?

57. Larus heermanni Cass. Heermann’s Gull.

Larus heermanni Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VI. 1852, 187. [BiG66, C 561, R 672.0 yor. |

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, from British Columbia to Panama.

58. Larus atricilla Linn. Laughing Gull.

Larus atricilla Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 136. [B 667, C 554, R 673, C 786.]

Geroc. Dist.— Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States, north to,Maine and Nova Scotia; south in winter through West Indies, Mexico (both coasts), Central America, and northern South America (Atlantic side) to the Lower Amazon.

59. Larus franklinii Sw. & RICH. Franklin’s Gull.

Larus franklinii Sw. & Ricu. F. B. A. Il. 1831, 424, pl. 71.

ORDER LONGIPENNES. Zt

[B 668, 669, C 555, R 674, C 787.]

Groc. Dist.— Interior of North America, chiefly west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains, breeding from Iowa northward; south in winter through Mexico and _ Central America to Peru.

60. Larus philadelphia (Orp). Bonaparte’s Gull. Sterna philadelphia ORD, GUTHRIE’s Geog. 2d Am. ed. II. 18rs, 329: Larus philadelphia GRay, List Brit. B. 1863, 235. [B 670, C 556, R 675, C 788.]

Groc. Dist.— Whole of North America, breeding mostly north of the United States. Not yet recorded from south of the United States, though reported from the Bermudas.

[60.1.] Larus minutus Patt. Little Gull.

Larus minutus Paty. Reis. Russ. Reichs. III. App. No. 35, Lee. FOS, [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Europe and parts of Asia and Africa ; accidental in Bermuda and on Long Island.

Genus RHODOSTETHIA Maccittivray.

khodostethia Maccit. Man. Brit. Orn. II. 1842, 253. Type, Larus roseus MAcGi.. .

61. Rhodostethia rosea (Maccit.). Ross’s Gull. Larus roseus MaccitL. Mem. Wern. Soc. V. 1824, 249. Rhodostethia rosea BonaP. Rev. Crit. Orn. Eur. Degland, 1850, 201.

22 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 678, C557, R 676, C 789.] Groc. Dist.— Arctic regions; south in autumn and winter to

Kamchatka, Point Barrow, Alaska, and Disco Bay, Greenland. Casual in England, Faroes, Helgoland, etc.

Genus SBMA LeEacu.

Xema LrEacu, Ross’s Voy. App. 1819, p. lvii. Type, Larus sabinit SAB.

62. Xema sabinii (Saz.). Sabine’s Gull. Larus sabinit J. Sas. Trans. Linn. Soc. XII. 1818, 520, pl. 29. Xema sabini Leacu, App. Ross’s Voy. Baff. Bay. 4to ed. 18109, lvii. [B 680, C 558, R677, C 790.| Groc. Dist.— Arctic regions; in North America south in winter

to New York, the Great Lakes, and Great Salt Lake; casual in Kansas, Bahama, and on coast of Peru.

SuBFAMILY STERNINAS. TeErRNs.

Genus GHLOCHELIDON Brenm.

Gelochelidon BReEHM, Isis, 1830, 994. Type, G. meridionalis BREHM = Sterna nilotica HASSELQ.

63. Gelochelidon nilotica (HassEtq.). Gull-billed Tern.

Sterna nilotica HassE.a. Reise nach Pal. Deutsche Ausg. 1762,

325: Gelochelidon nilotica StEJN. Auk, I. Oct. 1884, 366.

[B 681, C 560, R 679, C 792.] Groc. Dist.— Nearly cosmopolitan; in North America chiefly along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States, breed- ing north to southern New Jersey, and wandering casually to Long

Island and Massachusetts; in winter both coasts of Mexico and Central America and south to Brazil.

ORDER LONGIPENNES. 23

Genus STERNA LINN Us. SusBGENUS THALASSHEUS Bote.

Thatasseus Bote, Isis, 1822, 563. Type, Sterna caspia PALL. = S. tschegrava LEPECH.

64. Sterna tschegrava LEPECH. Caspian Tern.

Sterna tschegrava LEPECH. Nov. Comm. Petrop. XIV. 1770, 500, pl. 13; He. 2: [B 682, C 561, R 680, C 793.] Geoc. Dist.— Nearly cosmopolitan ; in North America breeding

southward to Virginia, Lake Michigan, Texas, Nevada, and Cali- fornia.

SuscGENus ACTOCHELIDON Kaup.

Actochelidon Kaur, Sk. Ent. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 31. Type, Sterna cantiaca GMEL. = SS. sandvicensis GMEL.

65. Sterna maxima Bopp. Royal Tern.

Sterna maxima Bopp. Tabl. P. E. 1783, 58. [B 683, C 562, R 681, C 794.] Geroc. Dist.— Tropical America, and warmer parts of North

America, casually northward to Massachusetts, the Great Lakes, and California. West coast of Africa, north to Tangiers.

66. Sterna elegans Game. Elegant Tern.

Sterna elegans GamB. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. [V. 1848, 129. [B 684, C 563, R 682, C 795.]

Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast of America, from California to Chili.

24 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

67. Sterna sandvicensis acuflavida (Caso). Cabot’s Tern.

Sterna acuflavida CaBot, Pr. Boston Soc. N. H. II. 1847, 257. Sterna sandvicensis acuflavida Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 288. [B 685, C 564, R 683, C 796.]

Geroc. Dist.—South Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States, north, casually, to southern New England; south, in winter, to Central America (both coasts) and West Indies.

SuBGENUs STERNA.

Sterna Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 137. Type, by elimination, S. hirundo LINN.

[68.] Sterna trudeaui Avup. Trudeauw’s Tern.

Sterna trudeaut Aup. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 125, pl. 409. [B-687,C 57a, ‘R684, C8024

Geroc. Dist.— Southern South America. Casual, or accidental, on the Atlantic coast of the United States (New Jersey, Long Island).

69. Sterna forsteri Nutr. Forster’s Tern.

Sterna forsteri Nutr. Man. II. 1834, 274. [B 691, 686, C 566, R 685, C 798.]

Geoc. Dist.— North America generally, breeding from Manitoba southward to Virginia, Illinois, Texas, and California; in winter southward to Brazil.

70. Sterna hirundo Linn. Common Tern.

Sterna hirundo Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 137.

ORDER LONGIPENNES. 25

[B 689, C 565, R 686, C 797.]

Geroc. Dist.— Greater part of the northern hemisphere and Africa. In North America chiefly east of the Plains, breeding from the Arctic coast, somewhat irregularly, to Florida, Texas, and Arizona, and wintering northward to Virginia. Also coast of Lower California.

71. Sterna paradiszea Brin. Arctic Tern.

Sterna paradise@a BRUNN. Orn. Bor. 1764, 46. [B 690, 693, C 567, 568, R 687, C 799.]

Groce. Dist.— Northern hemisphere; in North America breeding from Massachusetts to the Arctic regions, and wintering southward to Virginia and California.

72. Sterna dougalli Montac. Roseate Tern.

Sterna dougalli Montac. Orn. Dict. Suppl. 1813, —. [B 692, C 569, R 688, C 800.]

Groc. Dist.— Temperate and tropical regions; north on the Atlantic coast of North America to Massachusetts, and casually to Maine and Nova Scotia.

73. Sterna aleutica Bairp. Aleutian Tern.

Sterna aleutica Bairp, Tr. Chicago Ac. Nat. Sci. I. 1869, 321, ple gus fon r. ; [B—, C 572, R 689, C 803.]

Geoc. Dist.— Coast of Alaska from Kadiak to Norton Sound.

SuBGENUs STERNULA Bots.

Sternula Botk, Isis, 1822, 563. Type, Sterna minuta LINN.

26 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

74. Sterna antillarum (LEss.). Least Tern.

Sternula antillarum Less. Descr. Mam. et Ois. 1847, 256. Sterna antillarum Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 552. [B 694, C 570, R 690, C 8o1. ]

Geroc. Dist.— Northern South America, northward to California, Minnesota, and New England, and casually to Labrador, breeding nearly throughout its range.

SuBGENUS HALIPLANA WaAGLER.

Haliplana Wact. Isis, 1832, 1224. Type, Sterna fuliginosa GMEL.

75. Sterna fuliginosa GmMeEL. Sooty Tern.

Sterna fuliginosa GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 605. [B 688, C 573, R 691, C 804.] Geoc. Dist.— Tropical and subtropical coasts of the globe. In

America from Chili to western Mexico and the Carolinas, and casually to New England.

[76.] Sterna anzthetus Scop. Bridled Tern.

Sterna anethetus Scop. Del. Faun. et Flor. Ins. II. 1786, no. 12792: [B—,C 574, R692, C S05.)

Groc. Dist.— Tropical regions generally. Casual in Florida.

Genus HYDROCHELIDON Bort.

Hydrochelidon Botk, Isis, 1822, 563. Type, Sterna nigra LINN.

77. Hydrochelidon nigra surinamensis (GMEL.). Black Tern. Sterna surinamensis GMEL. S. N. I. 11. 1788, 604. Hydrochelidon nigra surinamensis STEJN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 40.

ORDER LONGIPENNES. 27

[B 695, C 575, R 693, C 806.] Geoc. Dist.— Temperate and tropical America. From Alaska and the Fur Countries to Brazil and Chili, breeding from the middle United States, west of the Alleghanies, northward.

[78.]| Hydrochelidon leucoptera (Meisn. & ScHINz). White-winged Black Tern.

Sterna leucoptera Mrisn. & SCHINZ, V6g. Schweiz, 1815, 264. Hydrochelidon leucoptera Bork, Isis, 1822, 563. [B —, C 575 42s, R 694, C 807.] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern hemisphere, accidental in North America (Lake Koshkonong, Wisconsin).

Genus ANOUS STEPHENS.

Anous STEPH. Gen. Zool. XIII. pt. i. 1826, 139. Type, Sterna stolida LINN.

79. Anous stolidus (Linn.). Noddy. Sterna stolida Linn. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 137. Anous stolidus Gray, List Gen. B. 1841, roo. [B 696, C 576, R 695, C 808.] Geroc. Dist.— Tropical and subtropical regions; in America from Brazil and Chili north to the Gulf and South Atlantic States.

Famity RYNCHOPIDZ. Skimmers.

Genus RYNCHOPS Linn. Rynchops LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 138. Type, 2. nigra LINN.

80. Rynchops nigra Linn. Black Skimmer.

Rynchops nigra LINN. S. N. ed. ro, I. 1758, 138. [B 697, C 577, R 656, C 809. | Geroc. Dist.— Warmer parts of America, north on the Atlantic coast to New Jersey, and casually to the Bay of Fundy.

28 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

OrDER TUBINARES. TuBE—NOSED SWIMMERS.

Famity DIOMEDEIDZ. A cpatrossEs.

Genus DIOMEDEA Linnevs.

Diomedea Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 132. Type, D. exulans LINN.

81. Diomedea nigripes Aub. Black-footed Albatross.

Diomedea nigripes AuD. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 327. [B—, C 579, R 700, C 811.]

Groc. Dist.— North Pacific, including west coast of North America.

82. Diomedea albatrus Patt. Short-tailed Albatross.

Diomedea albatrus PALL. Spic. Zool. V. 1769, 28. [B6g4, C 678) Ri zor, C 8ie.| Groc. Dist.— Pacific Ocean, including western coast of America, northward to Bering Sea.

Genus THALASSOGERON Ripeway.

Thalassogeron Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 357. Type, Diomedea culminata GOULD.

[83.] Thalassogeron culminatus (GouLp). Yellow-nosed Albatross. Diomedea culminata Gou.n, P. Z. S. 1843, 107. Thalassogeron culminatus Ripcw. Water B.N. Am. II. 1884, 358.

ORDER TUBINARES. 29

[B 632, C—, R 702, C —.]

Geoc. Dist.— Indian and South Pacific Oceans; casual off the coast of Oregon ; accidental in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

Genus PHG@BETRIA REICHENBACH.

Phebetria REICH. Syst. Av. 1852, p. v. Type, Diomedea fuligin- osa GMEL.

84. Phoebetria fuliginosa (GmMEL.). Sooty Albatross.

Diomedea fuliginosa GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 568. Phebetria fuliginosa REICH. Syst. Av. 1852, p. v.

[B 633, C 580, R 703, C 812.|

Groc. Dist.— Oceans of the southern hemisphere, northward to the coast of Oregon.

FaMILty PROCELLARIIDZ. FULMARS AND SHEARWATERS. SUBFAMILY PROCELLARIINAs. Furtmars.

Genus OSSIFRAGA Homsron & Jacquinor.

Ossifraga Homes. & Jacg. Compt. Rend. XVIII. 1844, 356. Type, Procellaria gigantea GMEL.

[85.| Ossifraga gigantea (GMEL.).

Giant Fulmar.

Procellaria gigantea GMEL. S.N. I. ii. 1788, 563. Ossifraga gigantea REICH. Syst. Av. 1852, p. iv.

[Bi6g4) i584, Rivoa,C Sx3.]

Groc. Dist.— Southern Oceans; casual off the coast of Oregon.

30 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus FULMARUS STEPHENS. SuBGENUS FULMARUS.

Fulmarus STEPHENS, Gen. Zool. XIII. pt. 1. 1826, 233. Type, Procellaria glacialis LINN.

86. Fulmarus glacialis (Linw.) Fulmar.

Procellaria glacialis Linn. Faun. Suec. 2d ed. 1761, 51; S. N. ed. P20, TOO, 203. Fulmarus glacialis StePH. Gen. Zool. XIII. pt.i. 1826, 234, pl. 27. [B 635, C 582, R 7os, C 814.]

Geroc. Dist.— North Atlantic, south on the American coast to Massachusetts, casually to New Jersey.

86a. Fulmarus glacialis minor (KJ#RB@LLING). Lesser Fulmar.

Procellaria minor Kj#RB. Danm. Fugle, 1852, 324. Fulmarus glacialis b. minor Bonap. Consp. II. 1856, 187.

(Bes Rey

Groc. Dist.— North Atlantic, south on American side to coast of Massachusetts.

86 4. Fulmarus glacialis glupischa STEjn. Pacific Fulmar.

Fulmarus glacialis glupischa StEjN. Auk, I. July, 1884, 234. [B 636, C 582a, R 7o5a, C 815.]

Geoc. Dist.— North Pacific, south on the American coast to Mexico.

86¢. Fulmarus glacialis rodgersii (Cass.). Rodgers’s Fulmar.

Fulmarus rodgersti Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 290. Fulmarus glacialis var. rodgerst COUES, Key, 1872, 327.

ORDER TUBINARES. ar

[B—, C 5824, R 7054, C 816.] Groc. Dist.— Bering Sea and adjacent parts of the North Pacific.

SuBGENUS PRIOCELLA. Homsron & JAcquinorT.

Priocella Homs. & Jacq. Compt. Rend. XVIII. 1844, 357. Type, 2. garnott Homs. & Jacg.= Procellaria glacialoides SMITH.

87. Fulmarus glacialoides (Smiru). Slender-billed Fulmar.

Procellaria glactaloides SmivH, Illustr. S. Afr. B. 1840, t. 51. fulmarus glactaloides StEJN. Auk, 1884, p. 233. [B 637, C 583, R 706, C 817.] Groc. Dist.—Seas of the southern hemisphere, and northward along Pacific coast of North America to Washington.

Genus PUFFINUS Brisson.

Pufinus Briss. Orn. VI. 1760, 131. Type, Procellaria puffinus BRUNN.

88. Puffinus borealis Cory. Cory’s Shearwater.

Puffinus borealis Cory, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VI. April, 1881, 34. [B—, C—, R—, C 888.] Groc. Dist.— Known only from off the coasts of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Long Island.

89. Puffinus major Faser. Greater Shearwater.

Puffinus major FaBeEr, Prodr. Isl. Orn. 1822, 56. [B 647, C 597, R 709, C 832.]

Geroc. Dist.— Atlantic Ocean, from Cape Horn and Cape of Good Hope northward to the Arctic Circle.

32 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[90.] Puffinus puffinus (Brinn.).

Manx Shearwater. Procellaria puffinus BRUNN. Orn. Bor. 1764, 29. Puffinus puffinus Licut. Nomencl. Mus. Berol. 1854, 100. [B 649, C 599, R 711, C 834.] Groc. Dist.— North Atlantic, chiefly on the eastern side; acci-

dental in Greenland, and rare or casual off the North American coast (?).

91. Puffinus creatopus Cougs. Pink-footed Shearwater.

Puffinus creatopus ‘“‘CoorPer, MS.,” Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. April, 1864, 131. [B —, C 598, R 710, C 833.] Geoc. Dist.— Pacific Ocean; on the American coast from Cali- fornia to Juan Fernandez Islands.

92. Puffinus auduboni FInscu. Audubon’s Shearwater.

Puffinus auduboni Finscu, P. Z. 8. 1872, 111. [B 650, C G00, R'¥12,:C 835.)

Geroc. Dist.— Warmer parts of the Atlantic, north casually to New Jersey and Long Island.

93. Puffinus gavia (Forst.). Black-vented Shearwater.

Procellaria gavia Forst. Descr. An. 1844, 148. Pufinus gavia Finscu, J. f. O. 1872, 256. [B—, C 601, R 713, C 836. ] Geoc. Dist.— Pacific Ocean, chiefly southward ; coast of Lower California, north to Santa Cruz, Cal.

94. Puffinus stricklandi Ripcw. Sooty Shearwater.

Puffinus stricklandi Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 390.

ORDER TUBINARES. 33

[B 648, C 602, R 714, C 837.]

Groc. Dist.— Atlantic Ocean, breeding in the southern hemi- sphere; a summer visitor off our coast, from South Carolina northward.

95. Puffinus griseus (GMEL.). Dark-bodied Shearwater.

Procellaria grisea GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 564. Puffinus griseus Finscu, J. f. O. 1874, 209. [B—, C 603, R 715, C 838.] Geroc. Dist.— South Pacific, north on the American coast, casu- ally to San Francisco, California.

96. Puffinus tenuirostris (TEmm.). Slender-billed Shearwater.

Procellaria tenutrostris TEMM. Pl. Col. 1828, 587. Pufinus tenuirostris TEMM. & SCHLEG. Faun. Jap. Aves, 1849, 130, pls OO: pe —, Coos Ri gro. Ci Saqs]

Groc. Dist.— Both coasts of the North Pacific, from Japan and Kotzebue Sound south to Australia and New Zealand; on the American coast to British Columbia.

SuBGENUS PRIOFINUS Homsron & Jacquinor.

Priofinmus Hompr. & Jaca. Compt. Rend. XVIII. 1844, 355. Type, Procellaria cinerea GMEL.

[97.] Puffinus cinereus (GMEL.). Black-tailed Shearwater.

Procellaria cinerea GMEL, S. N. I. i. 1788, 563. Puffinus cinereus Lawr. in Barrp’s B. N. Am. 1858, 835.

[B 651, C 595, R 707, C 830.]

Geroc. Dist.-— South Pacific; accidental off the coast of California. 3

34 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus 4ESTRELATA Bonaparte.

strelata Bonar. Consp. II. 1856, 188. Type, Procellaria hasitata KUHL.

[98.] Aistrelata hasitata (KUHL). Black-capped Petrel.

Procellaria hasitata Kuut, Mon. Proc. Beitr. Zool. 1 Abt. 1820, 142. A strelata hesitata Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1866, 139. [B 638, C 585, R 717, C 819.]

Groc. Dist.— Warmer parts of the Atlantic Ocean, straying to Florida, Virginia, New York (Ulster County, Oneida Lake and Long Island), Vermont and Ontario. Also England and France.

[99.] AGstrelata scalaris Brewst. Scaled Petrel.

Zé strelata scalaris Brewst. Auk, III. July, 1886, 300. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Unknown, the single specimen obtained having been taken in Livingston Co., N. Y., in April, 1880.

100. Aistrelata fisheri Ripcw.

Fisher’s Petrel. i strelata fisheri Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. June 26, 1883, 656. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— The only known specimen was taken at. Kadiak, Alaska.

Genus BULWHERIA Bonaparte.

Bulweria Bonar. Cat. Met. Ucc. Eur. 1842, 81. Type, Pro- cellaria bulweri JARD. & SELBY.

ORDER TUBINARES. 3 5 [101.] Bulweria bulweri (Jarp. & SELBy). Bulwer’s Petrel.

Procellaria bulweri JARD. & SELBY, Tllustr. Orn. Bulweria bulweri BoucARD, Cat. Av. 1876, 69.

io) Pal at

[B—, C—, R 718, C 820.]

Groc. Dist. — Eastern Atlantic, including coasts of Europe and Africa. Accidental in Greenland. Also various parts of the Pacific Ocean.

Genus DAPTION STEPHENS.

Daption Steruw. Gen. Zool. XIII. 1825, 239. Type, Procellaria capensis LINN.

[102.] Daption capensis (Linv.). Pintado Petrel.

Procellaria capensis LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 132. Daption capensis STEPH. Gen. Zool. XIII. pt. i. 1825, 241.

[B 639, C 534, R719, C 818.

Groc. Dist.— Oceans of the southern hemisphere, north to about latitude 25°. Accidental on the coasts of California and England.

Genus HALOCYPTENA Cougs.

Halocyptena Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. March, 1864, 78. Type, 4. microsoma COUES.

103. Halocyptena microsoma Cougs. Least Petrel. Halocyptena microsoma Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1864, 79. [B—, C 586, R 720, C 821. |

Geroc. Dist.— Coast of Lower California and south to Panama.

36 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus PROCELLARIA Linyeuvs.

Procellaria LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 131. Type, by elimina- tion, P. pelagica LINN.

104, Procellaria pelagica Linn. Stormy Petrel.

Procellaria pelagica LINN. §. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 131. [BI64e Cis87, Ih 721, © o22:]| Groc. Dist.— Atlantic Ocean, south on the American side to the Newfoundland Banks. West coast of Africa and coast of Europe.

Genus OCEANODROMA REICHENBACH.

Oceanodroma Retcu. Syst. Av. 1852, p. iv. Type, Procellaria Jurcata GMEL.

105. Oceanodroma furcata (GMEL.). Forked-tailed Petrel.

Procellaria furcata GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 561. Oceanodroma furcata REICH. Syst. Av. 1852, p. iv.

[B 640, C 591, R 726, C 826.] Geroc. Dist.— North Pacific, south on the American coast, in winter, to Humboldt Bay, California. Breeds on the Aleutian Islands and on Copper Island.

106. Oceanodroma leucorhoa (VIEILL.). Leach’s Petrel. Procellaria leucorhoa Vinitu. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist, Nat. XXV. EOL7, 422. Oceanodroma leucorhoa STEJN. Orn. Expl. Kamtsch. 1885, 97. EB 642,\C 53) Rives ieee.)

Geroc. Dist.— North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans; south on the coast of the United States to Virginia and California; breeds from Maine and the Hebrides northward on the coasts of the Atlantic; also on the Aleutian Islands and on Copper Island, Bering Sea.

ORDER TUBINARES. a7

106.1. Oceanodroma macrodactyla (Bryanr). Guadalupe Petrel.

Oceanodroma leucorhoa macrodactyla BRYANT, Bull. Cal. Ac. Sci. II. No. 8, July 23, 1887, 450. Oceanodroma macrodactyla A. O. U. Comm. Suppl. Check-List N. A. Birds, 1889, 5. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Guadalupe Island, Lower California.

107. Oceanodroma melania (Bonap.). Black Petrel.

Procellaria melania Bonar. Compt. Rend. XXVIII. 18 54, 662. Oceanodroma melania StEyN. Orn. Expl. Kamtsch. 1885, 371. [B—,, C 580,'R 724, C 824] Geoc. Dist.— South Pacific, northward to southern California.

108. Oceanodroma homochroa (CovEs). Ashy Petrel.

Cymochorea homochroa Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1864, hale Oceanodroma homochroa Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 188s, 356. [B 643, C 590, R 725, C 825,] Groc. Dist.— Coast of California. Breeds on the Santa Barbara and Farallone Islands.

SuBFAMILY OCEANITIN 2. Genus OCEANITES Kevyseruinc & BLASIUs.

Oceanites Krys. & Bias. Wirb. Eur. I. 1840, xciii, 131, 238. Type, Procellaria oceanica KuuL.

109. Oceanites oceanicus (Kvuut). Wilson’s Petrel.

Procellaria oceanica Kuut, Beitr. Zool. Mon. Proc. 1820, 136, pl.) TOW Hes, 7. Oceanites oceantca Licut. Nomencl. Mus. Berol. 1854, 99.

38 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[Bi644,C 593, Riv22, C823)

Geroc. Dist.— North and South Atlantic and Southern Oceans, breeding on Kerguelen Island in February. Abundant off the eastern coast of the United States during the entire summer.

Genus CYMODROMA Ripeway.

Cymodroma Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 418. Type, Procellaria grallaria VIEILL.

[110.] Cymodroma grallaria (VIEILL.). White-bellied Petrel.

Procellaria grallaria ViEtLu. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXVI. 1817, 418. Cymodroma grallaria Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 419.

[B 646, C 594) R 728, C 829.]

Geoc. Dist.— Tropical oceans generally ; accidental on the coast of Florida.

Genus PEHLAGODROMA REICHENBACH.

Pelagodroma ReicuH. Syst. Av. 1852, p. iv. Type, Procellaria marina LATH.

[111.] Pelagodroma marina (Laru.). White-faced Petrel.

Procellaria marina Latu. Ind. Orn. II. it. 1790, 826. Pelagodroma marina Reicu. Syst. Av. 1852, p. iv.

PB. Cs Rae

Geroc. Dist.— South Atlantic, and Southern Seas. Accidental off the coast of Massachusetts.

ORDER STEGANOPODES. 39

ORDER STEGANOPODES. ‘TortipaLMATE SWIMMERS.

Famity PHAETHONTIDZAl. Tropic Brreps.

Genus PHAETHON Linneus.

Phaéthon Linn. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 134. Type, P. ethereus LINN.

112. Phaeéthon flavirostris Branpr. Yellow-billed Tropic Bird.

Phaéthon flavirostris BRANDT, Bull. Ac. St. Pétersb. II. 1837, 349. [B 629, C 538, R 654, C 763.] Groc. Dist.— West Indies and Atlantic coast of Central America, north to Florida and Bermuda; accidental in western New York. South Pacific and Indian Oceans.

113. Phaéthon czthereus Linn. Red-billed Tropic Bird.

Phaéthon ethereus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 134. [Bi—, C —, R 655, C 762.)

Geroc. Dist.— Coasts of tropical America, north on the Pacific coast to Cape Colnett, Lower California; accidental on the New- foundland Banks. Breeds on San Pedro Martir and other islands in the Gulf of California.

Famity SULIDAG. GaAnnets. Genus SULA Brisson,

SuBGENUsS SULA.

Sula Briss. Orn. VI. 1760,495. Type, by elimination, Pelecanus sula LINN.

40 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[114.] Sula cyanops Sunp. Blue-faced Booby.

Dysporus cyanops Sunv. Phys. Tidskr. Lund, 1837, pt. 5. Sula cyanops Sunv. Isis, 1842, 858.

[BC Riera Gay)

Geroc. Dist.— South Atlantic, South Pacific, and Indian Oceans ; West Indies, and northward to southern Florida.

114.1. Sula gossi Goss. Blue-footed Booby.

Sula gossi (Rrpew. MS.) Goss, Auk, V. July, 1888, 241. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Islands in the Gulf of California, and south to the Galapagos.

115. Sula sula (Liny.). Booby.

Pelecanus sula Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, I. 1766, 218. Sula sula Rrpew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII, 1885, 356.

[B'6r8, C 525, Rvone: (Coa |

Groce. Dist.— Atlantic coasts of tropical and subtropical America, north to Georgia. Also, western Pacific and Indian Oceans.

115.1. Sula brewsteri Goss. Brewster’s Booby.

Sula brewsteri Goss, Auk, V. July, 1888, 242. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of the eastern South Pacific

Ocean, north to Lower California; breeding as far north as Georges Island at the head of the Gulf of California.

[116.] Sula piscator (Liny.). Red-footed Booby.

Pelecanus piscator LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 134. Sula piscator Gray, Gen. Bds. III. 1845, 666.

ORDER STEGANOPODES. AX

eM oe TT eae

Groc. Dist.— Coasts and islands of tropical and subtropical seas, north to western Mexico and Florida.

SusBGENUS DYSPORUS ILLIGER.

Dysporus I.1c. Prodr. 1811, 279. Type, by elimination, Pe/e- canus bassanus LINN.

117. Sula bassana (Linv.).

Gannet.

Pelecanus bassanus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 133. Sula bassana Bok, Isis, 1822, p. 563.

[B 617, C 524, R 650, C 746.] Geroc. Dist.— Coasts of the North Atlantic, south in winter to

the Gulf of Mexico and Africa; breeds from Nova Scotia and the British Islands northward.

Famity ANHINGIDZA. DartTers.

Genus ANHINGA Brisson.

Anhinga Brisson, Orn. VI. 1760, 476. Type, Anhinga Marcecr. = Plotus anhinga LINN.

118. Anhinga anhinga (Liny.). Anhinga.

Plotus anhinga Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 218. Anhinga anhinga STEN. Stand. Nat. Hist. IV. 1885, 193. [B 628, C 536, R 649, C 760.]

Geoc. Dist.— Tropical and subtropical America, north in the United States to the Carolinas, the mouth of the Ohio River, and southern Kansas.

42 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Famity PHALACROCORACIDA. Cormorants.

Genus PHALACROCORAZX Brisson. SuBGENUS PHALACROCORAX.

Phalacrocorax Briss. Orn. VI. 1760, 511. Type, Pelecanus carbo LINN.

119. Phalacrocorax carbo (LInN.). Cormorant.

Pelecanus carbo Linn. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 133. Phalacrocorax carbo LEACH, Syst. Cat. Mam. and Bds. Brit. Mus.

1816, 34. [B 620, C528, R G42.C 750.|

Geroc. Dist.— Coasts of the North Atlantic, south in winter on the coast of the United States, casually, to the Carolinas; breeding (formerly) from Massachusetts northward.

120. Phalacrocorax dilophus (Swa1n.). Double-crested Cormorant. Pelecanus (Carbo) dilophus Swain. in Sw. & Ricu. F. B. A. I. 1831, 473- Phalacrocorax dilophus Nutt. Man. II. 1834, 483. [B 623, C 530, R 643, C 751.] Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, breeding from the Bay of

Fundy, the Great Lakes, Minnesota and Dakota northward ; south in winter to the Southern States.

120 a. Phalacrocorax dilophus floridanus (Aup.). Florida Cormorant. Phatacrocorax floridanus Aup. Orn. Biog. III. 1835, 387. Phalacrocorax dilophus floridanus Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. Aug. 24, 1880, 205.

ORDER STEGANOPODES. 43

[B 624, C 5304, R 6434, C 753.]

Geoc. Dist.— South Atlantic and Gulf States, northward in the Mississippi Valley to southern Illinois.

1204. Phalacrocorax dilophus cincinatus (BRANDT). White-crested Cormorant.

Carbo cincinatus BRANDT, Bull. Sc. Ac. St. Pétersb. III. 1838, 55. Phalacrocorax dilophus cincinnatus Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. III. Aug. 24, 1880, 205. [is 622, C\ 52g, R643, C 753%)

Geroc. Dist.— West coast of North America, south in winter to California.

120c. Phalacrocorax dilophus albociliatus Ripncw. Farallone Cormorant.

Phalacrocorax dilophus albociliatus Ripcw. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. II. Apr. 10, 1884, 94.

LB Ce Rea ay

Geoc. Dist.— California, south to Cape St. Lucas and the Revilla- gigedo Islands.

121. Phalacrocorax mexicanus (BRANDT). Mexican Cormorant.

Carbo mexicanus BRANDT, Bull. Sc. Ac. St. Pétersb. III. 1838, 55. Phalacrocorax mexicanus ScL. & SALv. Nom. Neotr. 1873, 124. [B 625, C 531, R 644, € 754. Groc. Dist.— West Indies and Central America to southern

United States; north in the interior to Kansas and southern Illinois.

SuBGENUS COMPSOHALIEUS Rincway.

Compsohalieus Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 145. Type, Carbo penicillatus BRANDT.

44 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

122. Phalacrocorax penicillatus (BRANDT). Brandt’s Cormorant.

Carbo penicillatus BRANDT, Bull. Sc. Ac. St. Pétersb. III. 1838, 55. Phalacrocorax penicillatus FHexERM. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VII. 1854, 178.

[B 626, C 532, R 645, C 755.]

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, from Cape St. Lucas to Washington.

SuBGENUS URILE Bonaparte.

Urile Bona. Consp. II.1855,175. Type, Pelecanus urile GMEL.

123. Phalacrocorax pelagicus PALL. Pelagic Cormorant.

Phalacrocorax pelagicus Pau. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 303. [B—,.C —, R—, C—.]

Geoc. Dist.— Aleutian and Kuril Islands, and Kamchatka, south to Japan.

123 a. Phalacrocorax pelagicus robustus Ripew. Violet-green Cormorant.

Phalacrocorax pelagicus robustus Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 160. [B 627, C 535, R 646, C 758.]

Geroc. Dist.— Coast of Alaska, from Norton Sound south to Washington.

123 4. Phalacrocorax pelagicus resplendens (AvD.). Baird’s Cormorant.

Phalacrocorax resplendens Aup. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 148. Phalacrocorax pelagicus resplendens Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. I. 1884, 160.

ORDER STEGANOPODES. 45

[B—, C—, R 6462, C 759.]

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, from Washington south to Cape St. Lucas and Mazatlan, Mexico.

124. Phalacrocorax urile (GMEL.). Red-faced Cormorant.

Pelecanus urile GMEL. §. N. I. i. 1788, 575. Phalacrocorax urile RipGw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 162.

(ie C 534) R 647, C 757

Geroc. Dist.— Pribilof, Aleutian and Kuril Islands, and coast of Kamchatka. South in winter to northern Japan.

Famity PELECANIDAL PELIcAns.

Genus PELECANUS Linnezvs.

Pelecanus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 132. Type, by elimina- tion, P. onocrotalus LINN.

SuBGENUS CYRTOPELICANUS ReEIcHENBACH.

Cyrtopelicanus ReEIcH. Syst. Av. 1852, p. vil. Type, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos GMEL.

125, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gme.. American White Pelican.

Pelecanus erythrorhynchos GMEL. S. N. I. it. 1788, 571. [eterg. C526) R 640,'C 748.| Geoc. Dist.— Temperate North America, north in the interior to about Lat. 61°, south in winter to western Mexico and Guatemala; now rare or accidental in the northeastern States; abundant in the interior and along the Gulf coast ; common on the coast of California.

46 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

SuBGENUS LBEPTOPELICANUS REICHENBACH.

Leptopelicanus Reicu. Syst. Av. 1852, p. vil. Type, Pelecanus Juscus LINN.

126. Pelecanus fuscus LINN. Brown Pelican.

Pelecanus fuscus Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 215. [B 616,27 R641, 740) | Geroc. Disr.— Atlantic coast of tropical and subtropical America, north on the Atlantic coast to North Carolina ; accidental in Illinois.

127. Pelecanus californicus Ripew. California Brown Pelican. Pelecanus (fuscus ?) californicus Ripcw. Water B. N. Am. II. 1884, 143. P [elecanus | californicus Ripew. |. c. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast, from Burrard Inlet, British Columbia, to the Galapagos.

FamMiIty FREGATIDA. Man-o’-War Birps.

Genus FREGATA Brisson.

Fregata Briss. Orn. VI. 1760, 506. Type, Felecanus aquilus LINN.

128. Fregata aquila LINN. Man-o’-War Bird.

Pelecanus aquilus Linn. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 133- Fregata aquila Retcu. Syst. Av. 1852, p. vi. [B 619, C 537, R 639, C 761.] Geoc. Dist.— Tropical and subtropical coasts generally; in America, north to Florida and Texas, and casually to Nova Scotia, Ohio, Wisconsin, Kansas, and Humboldt Bay, California.

ORDER ANSERES. R 47

ORDER ANSERES. LAMELLIROSTRAL SWIMMERS.

Famity ANATIDZE. Ducks, GEESE, aND SWANS. SUBFAMILY MERGINAS. MERGANSERS.

GENUS MERGANSER Brisson.

Merganser Briss. Orn. VI. 1760, 230. Type, Aergus merganser LINN.

129. Merganser americanus (Cass.). American Merganser.

Mergus americanus Cassin, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VI. 1853, 187. Merganser americanus STEJN. Orn. Expl. Kamtsch. 1885, 177. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geoc. Dist.— North America generally, breeding south in the United States to Pennsylvania and the mountains of Colorado and California. Bermuda.

130. Merganser serrator (Liny.). Red-breasted Merganser.

Mergus serrator LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 129. Merganser serrator SCHAFFER, Mus. Orn. 1789, 66.

PBrGr2) 522! R637, C 744.|

Groc. Dist.— Northern portions of northern hemisphere; south, in winter, throughout the United States.

Genus LOPHODYTES ReIcHEeNBACH.

Lophodytes REICHENBACH, Syst. Av. 1852, p. ix. Type, Mergus cucullatus LINN.

48 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

131. Lophodytes cucullatus (Liny.).

Hooded Merganser.

Mergus cucullatus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 129. Lophodytes cucullatus REICHENBACH, Syst. Av. 1852, p. 1x.

[B 613, C 523, R 638, C 745.]

Groc. Dist.— North America generally, south to Mexico and Cuba, breeding nearly throughout its range. Casual in Europe.

SuBFAMILY ANATINA. River Ducks.

Genus ANAS LINNZUS.

Anas Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I, 1758, 122. Type, A. doschas LINN.

132. Anas boschas LINN. Mallard.

Anas boschas Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I, 1758, 127. [B 576, C 488, R 6or, C 707.]

Groc. Dist.— Northern parts of northern hemisphere ; in America south to Panama and Cuba, breeding southward to the southern United States ; less common in the East.

133. Anas obscura GMEL. Black Duck.

Anas obscura GMEL. S. N. I. 1788, 541. [B 577, C 489, R 602, C 708.) Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to the Mississippi

Valley, north to Labrador, breeding southward to the northern parts of the United States.

134. Anas fulvigula Ripew. Florida Duck.

Anas obscura var. fulvigula Ripew. Am. Nat. VIII. Feb. 1874, 111. Anas fulvigula Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. Aug. 24, 1880, 203.

ORDER ANSERES.

[B Tene C 4894, R 603, C 709. J Geoc. Dist. — Florida.

134¢. Anas fulvigula maculosa (SENN.). Mottled Duck.

Anas maciulosa SENNETT, Auk, VI, July, 1889, 263. [B 577, part, C 489, part, R 602, part, C 708, part.]

Groc. Dist. — Eastern ‘l’exas and north to Kansas.

SUBGENUS CHAULELASMUS Bonaparte.

Chaulelasmus Bonap. Comp. List, 1838, 56. Type, strepera LINN.

155. Anas strepera LINN. Gadwall.

Anas strepera LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 125. [:B’584,C 491, Ribog, Ci 7147]

49

Anas

Groc. Dist.— Nearly cosmopolitan. In North America breeds

chiefly within the United States.

SUBGENUS MARECA STEPHENS.

Mareca STEPHENS, Gen. Zool. XII. pt. il. 1824, 130. Type, 4uas

penelope LINN. 56. Anas penelope LINN. Widgeon. Anas penelope LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 126. [B 586, C 492, R 606, C 712.]

Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World. In North America breeds in the Aleutian Islands, and occurs frequently in

the eastern United States, and occasionally in California.

187. Anas americana GMEL. Baldpate.

Anas americana GMELIN, S. N. I. 1788, 526. 4

50 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 585, C 493, R 607, C 713.] Groc. Dist.— North America, from the Arctic Ocean south, in winter, to Guatemala and Cuba. Breeds chiefly north of United States.

SuBGENUS NETTION Kavp.

Nettion Kaup, Sk. Ent. Europ. Thierw. 1829, 95. Type, Azas crecca LINN.

[138.] Anas crecca Linn. European Teal.

Anas crecca LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 126. [B 580, C 494, R 611, C 714.]

Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World. Occasional in eastern North America, the Aleutian Islands, and California.

139. Anas carolinensis GMEL. Green-winged Teal.

Anas carolinensis GMEL. S. N. I. 1788, 533. [B 579, C 495, R 612, C 715.]

Groc. Dist.— North America, breeding chiefly north of the'United States, and migrating south to Honduras and Cuba.

SuBGENUS QUBERQUEDULA STEPHENS.

Querquedula STEPHENS, Gen. Zool. XII. pt. il. 1824, 142. Type, Anas querquedula LINN.

140. Anas discors LINN. Blue-winged Teal. Anas discors LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 205. [B 581, C 496, R 609, C 716.] Groc.’Dist.— North America in general, but chiefly eastward ; north to Alaska, and south to the West Indies, Lower California,

and northern South America. Casual in California. Breeds from Kansas and southern Illinois northward.

ORDER ANSERES. ST

141. Anas cyanoptera VIEILL. Cinnamon Teal.

Anas cyanoptera V1EILLOT, Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. V. 1816, 104. [B:532,'C\ 497, 610,,€ (7072)

Groc. Dist.— Western America from British Columbia south to

Chili, Patagonia, and Falkland Islands; east in North America to

the Rocky Mountains and southern Texas ; casual in the Mississippi Valley and Florida.

Genus SPATULA Bole.

Spatula Boik, Isis, 1822, 564. Type, Anas clypeata LINN.

142. Spatula clypeata (Linv.). Shoveller.

Anas clypeata Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 124. Spatula clypeata Botk, Isis, 1822, 564.

[B 583, C 498, R 608, C 718.] Geroc. Dist.— Northern hemisphere. In North America breeding

from Alaska to Texas; not abundant on the Atlantic coast north of the Carolinas.

Genus DAFILA STEPHENS.

Dajila STEPHENS, Gen. Zool. XII. pt. ii. 1824, 126.

143. Dafila acuta (Liny.). Pintail.

Anas acuta Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758,.126. Dajila acuta Bonar. Comp. List, 1838, 56. [B 578, C 490, R 605, C 710.]

Groc. Dist.— Northern hemisphere. In North America breeds from the northern parts of the United States northward, and migrates south to Panama and Cuba.

52 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. Genus AIX Bok. Aix Bots, Isis, 1828, 329. Type, Anas sponsa LINN.

144. Aix sponsa (Linn.). Wood Duck.

Anas sponsa LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 128. Aix sponsa Bonar. Comp. List, 1838, 57. [B 587, C 499, R 613, C 719.] Geroc. Dist.— Temperate North America, breeding throughout its range. Cuba. Accidental in Europe.

SUBFAMILY FULIGULINZS. Sea Ducks.

Genus NETTA Kavp.

Nvetta Kaur, Sk. Ent. Europ. Thierw. 1829, 102. Type, Anas rujina PALL.

[145.] Netta rufina (PALL.).

Rufous-crested Duck. Anas rujina Patt. It. Il. App. 1773, 713. Lvetta rujina Kaur, Sk. Ent. Europ. Thierw. 1829, 102. [B—, C—, R—, C 886.] Groc. Dist.— Eastern hemisphere; accidental in eastern United States.

Genus AYTHYA Bole.

Aythya Botk, Isis, 1822, 564. Type, by elimination, Anas ferina LInn.

146. Aythya americana (EvrT.). Redhead.

fuligula americana Eyton, Monogr. Anat. 1838, 155. Aythya americana BairD, B. N. Am, 1858, 793.

ORDER ANSERES. 53

[Bsotpeisas, 8h. O18, C723. Groc. Dist.— North America, breeding from California, southern Michigan, and Maine northward.

147. Aythya vallisneria (WIts.).

Canvas-back. Anas vallisneria Wiuson, Am. Orn. VIII. 1814, 103. Aythya vallisneria Bot, Isis, 1826, 980. [B 592, C 504, R 617, C 724.] Groc. Dist.— Nearly all of North America, breeding from the northwestern States northward to Alaska.

SuBGENUS FULIGULA STEPHENS.

Fuligula StepuEns, Gen. Zool. XII. pt. ii. 1824, 187. Type, by elimination, Anas fuligula LINN.

148. Aythya marila nearctica STEJN. American Scaup Duck.

Aythya marila nearctica StE}N. Orn. Expl. Kamtsch. 1885, 161. [B 588, C 500, R 614, C 720.] Groc. Dist.— North America, breeding far north. South in winter to Guatemala.

149. Aythya affinis (Eyr.). Lesser Scaup Duck. Fuligula afinis Eyt. Mon. Anat. 1838, 157. Aythya afinis Steyn. Orn. Expl. Kamtsch. 1885, 161.

[B 589, C 501, R 615, C et ea|

Groc. Dist.— North America in general, breeding chiefly north of the United States, migrating south to Guatemala and the West Indies.

150. Aythya collaris (Donov.). Ring-necked Duck.

Anas collaris Donov. Br. Birds, VI. 1809, pl. 147. Aythya collaris Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 350%

54 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[By 90, C502, R616, Cye2.]

Geoc. Dist.— North America, breeding far north and migrating south to Guatemala and the West Indies.

Genus GLAUCIONETTA STEJNEGER.

Glaucionetta StTEJN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 409. Type, Anas clangula LINN.

151. Glaucionetta clangula americana (Bonap.). American Golden-eye.

Clangula americana BonaP. Comp. List, 1838, 58. Glaucionetta clangula americana STEJN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 409. Geoc. Dist.— North America, breeding from Maine and the British Provinces northward; in winter, south to Cuba and Mexico.

152. Glaucionetta islandica (GmMEL.). Barrow’s Golden-eye.

Anas tslandica GMEL. S. N. I. 1788, 541. Glaucionetta islandica STEJN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 409. [B 594, C 506, R 619, C 726.]

Geroc. Dist.— Northern North America, south in winter to New York, Illinois, and Utah; breeding from the Gulf of St. Lawrence northward, and south in the Rocky Mountains to Colorado; Green- land; Iceland. Accidental in Europe.

Genus CHARITONETTA STEJNEGER.

Charitonetta STEJN. Orn. Expl. Kamtsch. 1885, 163. Type, Anas albeola LINN.

153. Charitonetta albeola (LInv.). Buffle-head.

Anas albeola Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. ro, I. 1758, 124. Charitonetta albeola Stnyn. Orn. Expl. Kamtsch. 1885, 166.

ORDER ANSERES. 55

) [Bisgs, Csog. R G21) C727.

Groc. Dist.— North America; south in winter to Cuba and Mex- ico. Breeds from Maine and Montana northward, through the Fur Countries and Alaska.

Genus CLANGULA LeEacu.

Clangula Lracu, in Ross’s Voy. Disc. 1819, App. p. xlviii. Type, Anas glacialis LINN.

154. Clangula hyemalis (Liny.). Old-squaw.

Anas hyemalis Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 126. Clangula hiemalis BREuM, Handb. Vég. Deutschl. 1831, 933. [Bisor, 'C 508) G23,.C'728,]

Groc. Dist.— Northern hemisphere ; in North America south to the Potomac and the Ohio (more rarely to Florida and Texas) and California ; breeds far northward.

Grenus HISTRIONICUS Lesson.

Histrionicus Lesson, Man. d’Orn. II. 1828, 415. Type, Anas histrionica LINN.

155. Histrionicus histrionicus (LINN.). Harlequin Duck. Anas histrionica Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 127. Histrionicus histrionicus BouCARD, Cat. Av. 1876, 60.

WB 596, C gro, R622,'C)730.]|

Groc. Dist.— Northern North America, breeding from Newfound- land, the northern Rocky Mountains, and the Sierra Nevada (lat. 38°), northward: south in winter to the Middle States and California ; Eastern Asia; Iceland.

56 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus CAMPTOLAIMUS Gray.

Camptolaimus Gray, List Gen. 1841, 95. Type, Anas labra- dorta GMEL.

156. Camptolaimus labradorius (GMEL.). Labrador Duck.

Anas labradoria GMEL. S. N. I. 1788, 537. Camptolaimus labradorus Gray, List Gen. 1841, 95. [BiGcosCieto, ie vG24, Cia. |

Geoc. Dist.— Formerly Northern Atlantic coast, from New Jersey (in winter) northward, breeding from Labrador northward. Now extinct.

Genus ENICONETTA Garay. LEniconetta GRAY, List Gen. 1840, 75. Type, Avas stellert PALL. 157. Eniconetta stelleri (PALt.).

Steller’s Duck. Anas stellert Pau. Spicil. Zool. VI. 1769, 35. Lniconetta stellert GRay, List Gen. 1840, 75. (BE sos.C par Ro Gon Cen]

Geroc. Dist.— Arctic and subarctic coasts of the northern hemi- sphere. Aleutian Islands, east to Unalaska and Kadiak; Kenai Peninsula.

Genus ARCTONETTA Gray.

Arctonetta Gray, P. Z. 8. 1855 (Feb. 1856), 212. Type, Fud- gula fischeri BRANDT.

158. Arctonetta fischeri (Branp7). Spectacled Hider.

fuligula fischeri BRaNnvtT, Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. VI. 1849, 6, 10. Arctonetta fischeri BLAKISTON, Ibis, 1863, 150.

ORDER ANSERES. 57

(B) 699) Cigna. Ri G26;/Ci922))

Geroc. Dist.— Alaskan coast of Bering Sea and north to Point Barrow.

Genus SOMATERIA Leacu. SuBGENUS SOMATHERIA.

Somaterta LEACH, in Ross’s Voy. Disc. 1819, App. p. xlviii. Type, Auas mollissima LINN.

159. Somateria mollissima borealis A. E. BrEHM. Northern Eider.

Somateria mollissima borealis A. E. BrREHM, Verz. Samml. Eur. Vo6g. 1866, 14. [B 606, part, C 513, part, R 627, C 733.]

Groc. Dist.— Northeastern North America, including Greenland; south, in winter, to coast of Massachusetts.

160. Somateria dresseri SHARPE. American Hider. Somateria dressert SHARPE, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. July, 1871, 51. [B 606, part, C 513, part, R 627a, C 734.] ‘Groce. Dist.— Atlantic coast of North America, from Maine to

Labrador; south in winter to the Delaware and west to the Great Lakes.

161. Somateria v—nigra Gray. Pacific Eider. Somateria v-nigra GRAY, P. Z. S. 1855 (Feb. 1856), 212, pl. cvii. MB) 607,/C/514,/R628)Ci735. |

Geroc. Dist.— Coasts of the North Pacific; inthe interior to the Great Slave Lake district ; eastern Siberia.

SuBGENUS HRIONETTA Covues.

Erionetia Cours, Key N. A. Birds, ed. 2, 1884, 709. Type, Anas spectabilis LINN,

58 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

162. Somateria spectabilis (Livv.). King Eider.

Anas spectabilis Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 123. Somateria spectabilis LEACH, in Ross’s Voy. Disc. 1819, App. p. xviii. [B 608, C srs; R'620,.C 736. ] Groc. Dist.— Northern parts of northern hemisphere, breeding in the Arctic regions; in North America south casually in winter to Georgia and the Great Lakes. ,

Genus OIDEMIA FLeEmINc. SusBGENUS OIDEMITIA.

Oidemia FLEMING, Philos. Zool. II. 1822, 260. Type, by elim- ination, Anas nigra LINN.

163. Oidemia americana Sw. & RIcH. American Scoter.

Oidemia americana Sw. & Ricu. Faun. Bor. Amer. II. 1831, 450. [B Gos Cpr 6, Ri 630,/C a7.) Groc. Dist.— Coasts and larger inland waters of northern North

America; breeds in Labrador and the northern interior; south in winter to New Jersey, the Great Lakes, Colorado, and California.

SuBGENUS MELANITTA Bote.

Melanitta Botr, Isis, 1822, 564. Type, by elimination, <Azas Jusca LINN.

[164.] Oidemia fusca (Linv.). Velvet Scoter.

Anas fusca Linn. 8S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 123. Oidemia fusca STEPHENS, Gen. Zool. XII. pt. ii. 1824, 216.

[B—, C—, R 631, C—.] Groce. Dist.— Northern Old World; accidental (?) in Greenland.

ORDER ANSERES. 59

165. Oidemia deglandi Bonar. White-winged Scoter.

Oidemia deglandi BonaP. Rev. Crit. de Orn. Europ. de Dr. Degl., 1850, 108. [Bi6or,’C sr7.) R632, C4287) Geoc. Dist.— Northern North America, breeding in Labrador and

the Fur Countries; south in winter to Chesapeake Bay, Southern Illinois, and San Quentin Bay, Lower California.

SuBGENUS PELIONETTA Kauvp.

Pelionetta Kaur, Sk. Ent. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 107. Type, Anas perspicillata LINN.

166. Oidemia perspicillata (Liny.). Surf Scoter.

Anas perspicillata Linn. S. N. ed. 10, J. 1758, 125. Oidemia perspicillata STEPHENS, Gen. Zool. XII. pt. ii. 1824, 219. [B 602, 603, C 518, 5184, R 633, C 739, 740.] Groc. Dist.— Coasts and larger inland waters of northern North

America ; in winter south to Florida, the Ohio River, and San Quentin Bay, Lower California. Accidental in Europe.

Genus HRISMATURA Bonaparte.

Erismatura BonaP. Saggio Distr. Meth. 1832, 143. Type, Anas rubutus ILS.

167. Erismatura rubida (WILS.). Ruddy Duck.

Anas rubidus WiLson, Am. Orn. VIII. 1814, 128. LErismatura rubida BonaP. Comp. List, 1838, 59. (Gee; @erg,R 634, C 74 1.|

Geroc. Dist.— North America in general, south to the West Indies and through Central America to Colombia; breeds throughout much of its North American range and south to Guatemala.

60 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus NOMONYX Ripeway.

LNVomonyx Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. III. 1880, 15. Type, Anas dominica LINN.

[168.] Nomonyx dominicus (Linv.). Masked Duck. Anas dominica Linn. S. N. ed. 12, 1766, 201. LVomonyx dominicus Rrpew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. III. 1880, rs. PRGroC 620, RiGsn C742, |

Groc. Dist.— Tropical America in general, including West Indies, north on the Gulf coast to the Lower Rio Grande; accidental in eastern North America (Wisconsin; Lake Champlain; Massachusetts).

SuBFAMILY ANSERINAG. GEEsE. Genus CHEN Bor. Chen Bots, Isis, 1822, 563. Type, Anser hAyperboreus PALL.

169. Chen hyperborea (PALL.). Lesser Snow Goose. Anser hyperboreus PAuu. Spicil. Zool. VI. 1769, 25. Chen hyperborea Botr, Isis, 1822, 563.

[B—, C 480a, R 5914, C 696.]

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast to the Mississippi Valley, breeding in Alaska; south in winter to southern Illinois and southern California ; casually to New England. Northeastern Asia.

169 a. Chen hyperborea nivalis (Forst.). Greater Snow Goose. Anas nivalis ForstTER, Philos. Trans. LXII. 1772, 413. Chen hyperboreus nivalis Ripcw. Pr. Biol. Soc. Wash. II. 1884, 107. [B 563, C 480, R 591, C 695.] Geoc. Dist.— North America, breeding far north (east of Macken-

zie basin) and migrating south in winter, chiefly along the Atlantic coast, reaching Cuba.

ORDER ANSERES. 61

169.1. Chen czerulescens (Linv.). Blue Goose.

Anas cerulescens LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 124. Chen cerulescens GUNDL. in PorEy’s Repert. Fis.-nat. Isla Cuba, I, 1865-66, 387. [B 564, C 479, R590, C 694.] Geoc. Dist.— Interior of North America, breeding on eastern shores of Hudson Bay and migrating south, in winter, through Mississippi Valley to Gulf coast ; occasional on Atlantic coast.

170. Chen rossii (Cassin). Ross’s Snow -Goose.

Anser rossit ‘BAIRD MSS.,” Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1861,

73: Chen rossi Ripaw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. Aug. 24, 1880, 203.

[B—, C 481, R 592, C 697.]

Geroc. Dist.— Arctic America in summer, Pacific coast to southern California and east to Montana in winter.

Genus ANSER Brisson.

Anser BRISSON, Orn. Vi. 1760, 261. Type, Anas anser LINN.

[171.] Anser albifrons (GMEL.). White-fronted Goose.

Anas albifrons GMEL. S. N. I. 1788, 509. Anser albifrons Becust. Gem. Naturg. Deutschl. IV. 1809, 898. [B—, C—, R 593, C 692.]

Geoc. Dist.— Northern parts of eastern hemisphere. Eastern Greenland?

171 a. Anser albifrons gambeli (Har tt.). American White-fronted Goose.

Anser gambeli HARTLAUB, Rev. Mag. Zool. 1852, 7. Anser albifrons var. gambeli COUES, Key, 1872, 282.

62 CHECK-LIST OF.NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 565, 566, C 478, R 593@, C 693.] Groc. Dist.— North America (rare on the Atlantic coast), breed- ing far northward; in winter south to Cape St. Lucas, Mexico, and Cuba.

Genus BRANTA Scopott.

Branta Scopout, Ann. I. Hist. Nat. 1769, 67. Type, <Azas bernicla LINN.

172. Branta canadensis (Linn.). Canada Goose.

Anas canadensis Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 123. Branta canadensis BANNISTER, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1870, 131.

[Bi s67, C 48s, R soa © yo2.)

Geoc. Dist.—Temperate North America, breeding in the north- ern United States and British Provinces; south in winter to Mexico.

172a. Branta canadensis hutchinsii (Ricu.). Hutchins’s Goose.

Anser hutchinsii Rick. in Sw. & Ricu. Faun. Bor. Am. II. 1831, 470. Branta canadensis var. hutchinsii COUES, Key, 1872, 284. [B 569, C 4852, R 5944, C 704.] Groc. Dist.— North America, breeding in the Arctic regions,

and migrating south in winter, chiefly through the western United States and Mississippi Valley; northeastern Asia.

1724. Branta canadensis occidentalis (Bairp). White-cheeked Goose.

Bernicla occidentalis Barrp, B. N. Am. 1858, 766. Branta canadensis occidentalis Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355- [B 5674, C—, R 5944, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast region, from Sitka south, in winter, to California.

ORDER ANSERES. 63

172 ¢. Branta canadensis minima Ruipcew. Cackling Goose.

Branta minima Rivew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. No. 2, April 20, 1885, 23. Branta canadensis minima Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355: [B 568, C 485a, R 5944, C 703.] Geroc. Dist.— Coast of Alaska, chiefly about Norton Sound and

Lower Yukon, migrating southward into the western United States, east to Wisconsin.

173. Branta bernicla (Linv.). Brant.

Anas bernicla Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 124. Branta bernicla Scopout, Ann. I. Hist. Nat. 1769, 67. [B 570, C 484, R 595, C 700.] Geoc. Dist.— Northern parts of the northern hemisphere; in

North America chiefly on the Atlantic coast; rare in the interior, or away from salt water.

174. Branta nigricans (Lawre.). Black Brant.

Anser nigricans LAWRENCE, Ann. Lyc. N. Y. IV. 1846, 171. Branta nigricans BANNISTER, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1870, 131. [B 571, C—, R 596, C7o01.]

Geroc. Dist.— Arctic and western North America, south in winter to Lower California ; casual in the Atlantic States.

[175.] Branta leucopsis (Becust.). Barnacle Goose.

Anas leucopsis BECHSTEIN, Orn. Taschb. Deutschl. 1803, 424. Branta leucopsis BANNISTER, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1870, 131. [B 572, C 483, R 597, C 699. ] Groc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World; casual in eastern North America.

64 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus PHILACTE Bannister.

Philacte BANNISTER, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1870, 131. Type, Anas canagica SEVAST.

176. Philacte canagica (Sevasr.). Emperor Goose.

Anas canagica SEVASTIANOFF, N. Act. Petrop. XIII. 1800, 346. Philacte canagica BANNISTER, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1870, 131.

[B 573, C 482, R 598, C 698.]

Groc. Dist.— Coast and islands of Alaska north of the Penin- sula; chiefly about Norton Sound and valley of the Lower Yukon ; Commander Islands, Kamchatka; casually southward to Humboldt Bay, California.

Genus DENDROCYGNA Swainson.

Dendrocygna Swainson, Classif. Birds, II. 1837, 365. Type, Anas arcuata CUuv.

177. Dendrocygna autumnalis (LINN.). Black-bellied Tree-duck. Anas autumnalis Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 127. Dendrocygna autumnalis Eyton, Monogr. Anat. 1838, 109. [B 574, C 487, R 599; C 706.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southwestern border of the United States and southward (Mexico, West Indies, etc.).

178. Dendrocygna fulva (GMEL.). Fulvous Tree-duck. Anas fulva GMEL. S. N. I. 1788, 530.

Dendrocygna fulva BuRMEISTER, Reise durch die La Plata Staaten, 1856, 515.

ORDER ANSERES. 65

[B 575, C 486, R 600, C 705.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States (Louisiana, Texas, Nevada, California), south to Mexico, reappearing in southern Brazil and Argentine Republic. Casual in North Carolina and Missouri.

SUBFAMILY CYGNINZA. Swans.

Genus OLOR Wacter. Olor WAGLER, Isis, 1832, 1234. Type, Anas cygnus LINN.

[179.] Olor cygnus (Linn.). Whooping Swan.

Anas cygnus LINN. S.N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 122. Olor cygnus BONAPARTE, Catal. Parzudaki, 1856, rs. [B—, C—, R 586, C 690. |

Geoc. Dist.— Europe and Asia ; occasional in southern Greenland.

180. Olor columbianus (Orp). Whistling Swan.

Anas columbianus Orvd, in GUTHRIE’S Geogr. 2d Am. ed. 1815, 319- Olor columbianus Steyn. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 210. [B 561 dis, C 477, R 588, C 689. ]

Groc. Dist.— The whole of North America, breeding far north. Commander Islands, Kamchatka; accidental in Scotland.

181. Olor buccinator (Ricu.). Trumpeter Swan. Cygnus buccinator Ricu. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 464. Olor buccinator WaGLER, Isis, 1832, 1234. [B 562, C 476, R 589, C 688.]

Groc. Dist.— Chiefly the interior of North America, from the Gulf coast to the Fur Countries, breeding from Iowa and the Dakotas northward ; west to the Pacific coast; rare or casual on the Atlantic.

5

66 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

ORDER ODONTOGLOSS4. LAMELLIROS- TRAL GRALLATORES.

Famity PHCQENICOPTERIDZ. FLamincoers.

Genus PHCGENICOPTERUS Linn.

Phenicopterus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 139. Type, P. ruber LINN.

182. Phoenicopterus ruber Linn. American Flamingo.

Phenicopterus ruber LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 139. [ Bigo2, C475, Ro 585.40 037, |

Groc. Dist.— Atlantic coasts of subtropical and tropical America ; southern Florida. Galapagos.

ORDER HERODIONES. HERONS, STorKs, IBISES, ETC.

SUBORDER IBIDES. SPooNnsILLs AND IBISES. FamiLty PLATALEIDZ. Spoonsi.ts.

Genus AJAJA REICH.

Ajaja Reicu. Handb. 1852, p.xvi. Type, Platalea ajaja Linn.

ORDER HERODIONES. 67

- 183. Ajaja ajaja (Livy.). Roseate Spoonbill.

Platalea ajaja LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 140. Ajaja ajaja BOUCARD, Cat. Av. 1876, 54. [B sox, C'488, R'gos, iC 653. ] Geroc. Dist.— Southern Atlantic and Gulf States southward to the Falkland Islands and Patagonia. Formerly north to southern Illinois.

Famity IBIDIDZ. [sises.

Genus GUARA REICHENBACH.

Guara Reicu. Syst. Av. 1852, p. xiv. Type, Zantalus ruber LINN.

184. Guara alba (Linv.). White Ibis. Scolopax alba, LINN. S. N. ed. ro, I. 1758, 145. Guara alba, STEIN. Stand. Nat. Hist. IV. 1885, 9.

[B 499, C 446, R 501, C 651.]

Geroc. Dist.— South Atlantic and Gulf States southward to the West Indies and northern South America ; north to North Carolina, southern Illinois, Great Salt Lake, and Lower California; casually to Long Island, Connecticut, and South Dakota.

[185.] Guara rubra (Liny.). Scarlet Ibis.

Tantalus ruber LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 241. Guara rubra Reicu. Syst. Av. 1852, p. xiv. [B 498, C 447, R 502, C 652.] Groc. Dist.— Florida, Louisiana, and Texas, southward to the

West Indies and northern South America. No record of its recent occurrence in the United States.

68 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus PLEGADIS Kavp.

Plegadis Kaup, Skizz. Entw. Gesch. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 82. Type, Zantalus falcinellus LINN. = Tringa autumnalis Has- SELQ.

186. Plegadis autumnalis (HassE1q.). Glossy Ibis.

Tringa autumnalis HASSELQUIST, Reise nach Palast. Deutsche Ausg. 1762, 306.

Plegadis autumnalis STEJN. Stand. Nat. Hist. IV. 1885, 160.

[B 500, C 445, R 503, C 649.] Geroc. Dist.— Warmer parts of eastern hemisphere, West Indies and southern portions of eastern United States, wandering northward

to New England and Illinois. In America only locally abundant and of irregular distribution.

187. Plegadis guarauna (Linn.). White-faced Glossy Ibis. Scolopax guarauna LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 242. Plegadis guarauna Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. I. Oct. 2, 1878, 163. [B—, C 445 bzs, 445 ter, R 504, C 650.]

Geoc. Dist.— Western United States, from Texas to California, Oregon, and casually to southern British Columbia, Kansas and Florida (breeding); southward through the West Indies and Mexico to South America.

SUBORDER CICONI/E. STorkKsS, ETC. Famity CICONIIDAS. Srorks anp Woop IBsIisEs. SuBFAMILY TANTALINA. Woop IsIsEs.

Genus TANTALUS Linneuws.

Tantalus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, L 1758, 140. Type, Z: loculator LINN.

ORDER HERODIONES. 69

188. Tantalus loculator Linn. Wood Ibis.

Tantalus loculator Linn. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 140.

[B 497, C 444, R 500, C 648.] Groc. Dist.— Southern United States, from the Ohio Valley, Colorado, Utah, southeastern California, etc., south to Argentine Republic ; casually northward to Pennsylvania and New York.

SUBFAMILY CICONIINZA. Srorks.

Genus MYCTERIA Linneus.

Mycteria LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 140. Type, AZ. americana LINN.

[189.] Mycteria americana LINN. Jabiru.

Mycteria americana LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 140. [B—, C 448 dis, R 499, C 654.]

Groc. Dist.— Tropical America, north casually to southern Texas.

SUBORDER HERODII. Herons, EGRETs, BITTERNS, ETC.

Famity ARDEIDZA. Herons, BITTERNS, ETC. SuBFAMILY BOTAURINZA. BITTERNS.

Genus BOTAURUS HeErMAnN.

Botaurus HERMANN, Tabl. Affin. Anim. 1783, 135. Type, Ardea stellaris LINN.

70 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

190. Botaurus lentiginosus (Monrac.). American Bittern.

Ardea lentiginosa Montac. Orn. Dict. Suppl. 1813, —. Botaurus lentiginosus STEPH. Gen. Zool. XI. ii. 1819, 592.

[B 492, C 460, R 497, C 666.]

Groc. Dist.— Temperate North America, south to Guatemala, Cuba, Jamaica, and Bermuda ; occasional in British Islands.

Genus ARDETTA Gray.

Ardetta GRAY, List Gen. B. App. 1842, 13. Type, Ardea minuta LINN.

191. Ardetta exilis (GMEL.). Least Bittern.

Ardea exilis GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 645. Ardetta exilis GUNDL. J. f. O. 1856, 345-

[B 491, C 461, R 498, C 667.]

Groc. Dist.— Temperate North America, north to the British Provinces and south to the West Indies and Brazil. Less common west of the Rocky Mountains; on the Pacific coast north to northern California.

191.1. Ardetta neoxena Cory. Cory’s Least Bittern.

Ardetta neoxena Cory, Auk, III. April, 1886, 262. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.—Southern Florida (Caloosahatchie River, near Lake Okeechobee) ; Ontario; Michigan.

SuBFAMILY ARDBINZE. HERONS AND EGRETS.

Genus ARDEA Linn. SuBGENUS ARDEA.

Ardea Linn. 8. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 141. Type, by elimination, A. cinerea LINN.

ORDER HERODIONES. 71

192. Ardea occidentalis Aup. Great White Heron.

Ardea occidentalis Aup. Orn. Biog. III. 1835, 542. [B 489, C 451, R 486, C 656, part. |

Geroc. Dist.— Florida; Cuba; Jamaica.

195. Ardea wardi Rincw. Ward’s Heron.

Ardea wardi Ripew. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Jan. 1882, 5. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geoc. Dist.— Florida.

194. Ardea herodias LINN.

Great Blue Heron. Ardea herodias Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 143. [B 487, C 449, R 487, C 655-] Geroc. Dist.— North America, from the Arctic regions southward

to the West Indies and northern South America. Bermudas; Galapagos.

[195.] Ardea cinerea Linn. European Blue Heron. Ardea cinerea LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 143. [B—, C—, R 488, C 657.]

Geroc. Dist.— Most of the eastern hemisphere; accidental in southern Greenland.

SuBGENUS HERODIAS Bote.

Herodias Bote, Isis, 1822, 559. Type, by elimination, 47dea egretta GMEL.

196. Ardea egretta GmeL.

American Egret.

Ardea egretta GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 629.

72 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 486, 486*, C 452, R 489, C 658.]

Groc. Dist.— Temperate and tropical America, from New Jersey, Minnesota, and Oregon south to Patagonia; casually on the Atlantic coast to Nova Scotia.

SuBGENUS GARZETTA Kaup.

Garzetta Kaur, Skizz. Entw. Gesch. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 76. Type, Ardea garzetta LINN.

197. Ardea candidissima GMEL. Snowy Heron. Ardea candidissima GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 633. [B 485, C 453, R 490, C 659.] Geroc. Dist.— Temperate and tropical America, from Long Island

and Oregon south to Argentine Republic and Chili; casually to Nova Scotia and southern British Columbia.

SuBGENUS DICHROMANASSA Ripcway.

Dichromanassa Ripew. Bull. U. S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Terr. IV. Feb. 5, 1878, 246. Type, Ardea rufa Bopp.

198. Ardea rufescens GmMEL. Reddish Egret. Ardea rufescens GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 628. [B 483, 482, C 455, R 491, C 661.| Geoc. Dist.— Gulf States, north to southern Illinois; Lower

California and Mexico (both coasts), south to Guatemala ; Jamaica, and Cuba.

SuBGENUS HYDRANASSA Bairp.

Fydranassa Bairv, B. N. Am. 1858, 660 (intext). Type, Ardea ludoviciana WiLS. = Egretta rujicollis GOSSE.

199. Ardea tricolor ruficollis (Gosse). Louisiana Heron.

Egretta ruficollis Gossk, B. Jamaica, 1847, 338. Ardea tricolor ruficollis Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885,

355:

ORDER HERODIONES. 73

[B 484, C 454, R 492, C 660.]

Groc. Dist.— Gulf States, Mexico (both coasts), Central America, and West Indies ; casually northward to New Jersey and Indiana.

SuBGENUS FPLORIDA Barrp.

Florida Batrp, B. N. Am. 1858, 671. Type, Ardea cerulea LINN.

200. Ardea czerulea LINN. Little Blue Heron.

Ardea cerulea LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 143. [B 490, C 456, R 493, C 662.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States, from New Jersey, Illinois, and Kansas, southward through Central America and the West Indies to Guiana and Colombia; casually north on the Atlantic coast to Massachusetts and Maine.

SuBGENUS BUTORIDES BiyrTu.

Butorides BuytuH, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. 1849, 281. Type, Ardea javanica Horsr.

201. Ardea virescens LINN. Green Heron.

Ardea virescens Linn. 8. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 144.

[B 493, C 457, R 494, C 663.] Groc. Dist.— Temperate North America, from Ontario and Oregon, southward to Colombia, Venezuela, and the West Indies. Bermuda.

201 a. Ardea virescens frazari BReEwsv. Frazar’s Green Heron.

Ardea virescens frazari BREwstT. Auk, V. Jan. 1888, 83. (B=, C—, R—, C—]

Groc. Dist.— Lower California (vicinity of La Paz).

74 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. Genus NYCTICORAX STEPHENS.

SuscENus NYCTICORAX.

Nycticorax StEPH. Gen. Zool. XI. ii. 1819, 608. Type, Ardea mycticorax LINN.

202. Nycticorax nycticorax nzvius (Bopp.). Black-crowned Night Heron.

Ardea nevia Bopp. Tabl. Pl. Enl. 1783, 56. Nycticorax nycticorax nevius ZELEDON, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 113. [B 495, C 458, R 495, C 664.] Geroc. Dist.— America, from Ontario and Manitoba southward to the Falkland Islands, including part of the West Indies.

SuBGENuS NYCTANASSA STEJNEGER.

Nyctanassa STEN. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. X. 1887, 295. . Type, Ardea violacea LINN.

208. Nycticorax violaceus (LINN.). Yellow-crowned Night Heron. Ardea violacea LINN. §. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 143. Nycticorax violacea Vicors, Zool. Journ. III. 1827, 446.

[B 496, C 459, R 496, C 665. ] Groc. Dist.— Tropical and warm temperate North America, from

the Carolinas, the lower Ohio Valley and Lower California, south to Brazil ; casually north to Massachusetts and Colorado.

ORDER PALUDICOL. 75

OrDER PALUDICOL. CRaAngs, RAILS, ETc.

SUBORDER GRUES. CRANES. FamMity GRUIDZ. Cranes.

Genus GRUS Patras. Grus Pat.. Misc. Zool. 1766, 66. Type, Ardea grus LINN.

204. Grus americana (Linvn.). Whooping Crane.

Ardea americana LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 142. Grus americana ViEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XIII. 1817, sans [B 478, C 462, R 582, C 668.] Geoc. Dist.— Interior of North America, from the Fur Countries to Florida, Texas, and Mexico, and from Ohio to Colorado. For- merly on the Atlantic coast, at least casually, to New England.

205. Grus canadensis (LINN.). Little Brown Crane.

Ardea canadensis LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 141. Grus canadensis TEMM. Man. I. 1820, p. c. [B 480, C 463, R 584, C 669.|

Groc. Dist.— Arctic and subarctic America, breeding from the Fur Countries and Alaska to the Arctic coast, migrating south in winter into the western United States.

206. Grus mexicana (MiZLL.). Sandhill Crane.

Ardea (grus) mexicana MULL. S. N. Suppl. 1776, 110. Grus mexicana ViniLL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XIII. 1817, 56r.

76 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 479; Ca R 583, C 670.] Geroc. Dist.— Southern half of North America; now rare near the Atlantic coast, except in Georgia and Florida.

SUBORDER RALLI. Raris, GALLINULES, Coots, ETC. Famity ARAMIDZE. Courtans.

Genus ARAMUS VIEILLOT.

Aramus VieILL. Analyse, 1816, 58. Type, Ardea scolopacea GMEL.

207. Aramus giganteus (Bonap.). Limpkin.

Rallus giganteus Bonap. Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. V. 1825, 31. Aramus giganteus BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 657.

[B 481, C 464, R 581, C 671.]

Geoc. Dist.— Florida, Greater Antilles, and both coasts of Central America.

Famity RALLIDA. Rais, GALLINULES, AND Coots. SuBFAMILY RALLINZA. Raits. Genus RALLUS Linnevs.

Rallus Linn. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 153. Type, &. aguaticus LINN.

208. Rallus elegans Aup. King Rail.

Rallus elegans Auv. Orn. Biog. III. 1835, 27, pl. 203.

ORDER PALUDICOL. a

[B 552, C 466, R 569, C 676.] Geroc. Dist.— Fresh-water marshes of the eastern United States, north to the Middle States, northern Illinois, Wisconsin, and Kansas, casually to Massachusetts, Maine, and Ontario.

209. Rallus beldingi Rivew. Belding’s Rail.

Rallus beldingt Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 345. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Lower California (Espiritu Santo Island and vicin- ity of La Paz).

210. Rallus obsoletus Ripcw. California Clapper Rail.

Rallus elegans var. obsoletus Ripcw. Am. Nat. VIII. 1871, 111. Rallus obsoletus Ripcw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, V. July, 1880, 139.

[B—, C 466a, R 570, C 674.]

Groc. Dist.— Salt marshes of the Pacific coast, from Washington (?) to Lower California.

211. Rallus crepitans Get. Clapper Rail.

Rallus crepitans GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 713.

[B 553, C 465, R 571, C 673.] Geroc. Dist.— Salt marshes of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States, breeding from southern Connecticut southward ; resi-

dent from the Potomac southward, occasionally wintering further north. Casual north to Massachusetts.

211 a. Rallus crepitans saturatus Ripcw. Louisiana Clapper Rail.

Rallus longirostris saturatus Ripcw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, V. July, 1880, 140.

Rallus crepitans saturatus SENNETT, Auk, VI. April, 1889, pp. 164, 166.

78 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

(eo C Tina, R 5714, Cc 675.]

Geroc. Dist.— Coast of Louisiana.

211.1. Rallus scottii (SENw.). Florida Clapper Rail.

Rallus longirostris scotttii SENN. Auk, V. July, 1888, 305. Rallus scottit SENNETT, Auk, VI. April, 1889, pp. 165, 166.

see eet abst gat

Groc. Dist.— Western Florida (salt marshes).

[211.2.]. Rallus longirostris caribzeus Ripcw. Caribbean Clapper Rail.

Rallus longirostris caribeus Ripcw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, V. July, 1880, 140. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— West Indies and Gulf coast of Mexico, north to Texas (Corpus Christi and Galveston).

212. Rallus virginianus Linn. Virginia Rail. Rallus virginianus LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 263. [B 554, C 467, R 572, C 677.]

Geroc. Dist.— North America, from the British Provinces south to Guatemala and Cuba.

Genus PORZANA VIEILLOT. SuBGENUS PORZANA.

Porsana VieILL. Analyse, 1816, 61. Type, Rallus porzana LINN.

[213.] Porzana porzana (LINN.). Spotted Crake.

Rallus porzana LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 262. Porzana porzana BOuUCARD, Cat. Av. 1876, 7.

[B.C RB 573,-C 678.]

ORDER PALUDICOLZE. 79

Geoc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World; occasional in Greenland.

214. Porzana carolina (Linvn.). Sora. Rallus carolinus Linn. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 153. Porsana carolina Bairp, Lit. Rec. & Jour. Linn. Assoc. Penn. Colk! Oct: 18455 \255- [B 555, C 648, R 574, C 679.]

Groc. Dist.— Temperate North America, breeding chiefly north- ward, but less commonly on the Pacific coast. Casually north to South Greenland. South to the West Indies and northern South America.

SusGENUS COTURNICOPS Bonaparte.

Coturnicops Bonar. Compt. Rend. XLIII. 1856, 599. Type, Fulica noveboracensis GMEL.

215. Porzana noveboracensis (GMEL.). Yellow Rail.

Fulica noveboracensis GMEL. S. N. I. il. 1788, 701. Porsana noveboracensis BAiRD, Lit. Rec. & Jour. Linn. Assoc. Penn.‘Coll, Oct. 1845, 255.

[B 557, C 469, R 575, C 680. ]

Geoc. Dist.— Chiefly eastern North America, north to Nova Scotia, Hudson Bay, etc., less commonly west to Nevada and California. No extralimital records except for Cuba and Bermuda.

SUBGENUS CRECISCUS Casanis.

Creciscus CAB. J. f. O. 1856, 428. Type, Rallus jamaicensis LINN.

216. Porzana jamaicensis (GMEL.). Black Rail. Rallus jamaicensis GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 718. Porsana jamaicensis BAIRD, Lit. Rec. & Jour. Linn. Assoc. Penn. Coll. Oct. 1845, 257.

So CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 556, C 470, R 576, C 681.]

Geroc. Dist.— Temperate North America, north to Massachusetts, northern Illinois, and Oregon ; south to West Indies and Guatemala.

216.1. Porzana coturniculus (Ripew.). Farallone Rail. Porzana jamaicensis var. coturniculus “ Barrp, MS.” Ripew. Am. Nat. VIII. Feb. 1874, 111. Porzana coturniculus Ripcw. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. XIII. 1890, 311. [B—, C 470a, R 576a, C 682.] Geoc. Dist.— Known only from the type specimen, from Faral- lone Islands, California.

Genus CREX BeEcusten.

Crex Becust. Orn. Taschb. Deutschl. 1802, 336. Type, Rallus crex LINN.

[217.] Crex crex (Liny.). Corn Crake.

Rallus crex Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 153. Crex crex SHARPE, LAyARD’s Bds. S. Africa, 1884, 611.

[B 558, C 471, R 577, C 683.]

Geoc. Dist.— Europe and northern Asia; casual in Greenland, Bermuda, and eastern North America.

SuBPAMILY GALLINULINZ. Ga.LtLineutes.

Genus IONORNIS ReIcHenpacu.

fonornis REIcH. Syst. Av. 1852, p. xxi. Type, Fulica martinica LINN.

218. Ionornis martinica (LINN.). Purple Gallinule.

Fulica martinica LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 259. Lonornis martinica Reicu. Syst. Av. 1852, p. xxi.

ORDER PALUDICOL&. Sr

[B 561, C 473, R 578, C 685.]

Geoc. Dist.— South Atlantic and Gulf States, casually northward to Maine, New York, Wisconsin, etc. ; south throughout the West: Indies, Mexico, Central America and northern South America to: Brazil.

Genus GALLINULA Brisson. Gallinula Briss. Orn. VI. 1760, 2. Type, Fulica chloropus LINN,

219. Gallinula galeata (Licur.). Florida Gallinule.

Crex galeata Licut. Verz. Doubl. 1823, 80. Gallinula galeata Bonap. Am. Orn. IV. 1832, 128.

[B 560, C 472, R579, C 685.]

Geoc. Dist.— Temperate and tropical America, from Canada to Brazil and Chili.

SUBFAMILY FULICINZ. Coors. Genus PULICA Linneus. fulica Linn. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 152. Type, & atra Linn.

[220.] Fulica atra Linn.

European Coot. fulica atra Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1759;; B52: [B—,C—,R—,C 885.] Groce. Dist.— Northern parts of the eastern hemisphere in gen- eral; accidental in Greenland.

221. Fulica americana Gwaet. American Coot.

fulica americana GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 704. [B 559, C 474, R 580, C 686. | Geoc. Dist.— North America, from Greenland and Alaska south- ward to the West Indies and Veragua.

6

82 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

OrpDER LIMICOLA. SuHoreE BIrps.

Famity PHALAROPODID AL. PHALAROPES.

Genus CRYMOPHILUS VIEILtLor.

Crymophilus VieILu. Anal. 1816, 62. Type, Zringa fulicaria LINN.

222. Crymophilus fulicarius (Linv.). Red Phalarope.

Tringa fulicaria LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 148. Crymophilus fulicarius StEJN. Auk, II. 1885, 183. (Bis 2r, MC an McG 7 Go.)

Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of northern hemisphere, breeding in the Arctic regions and migrating south in winter; in the United States south to the Middle States, Ohio Valley, and Cape St. Lucas; chiefly maritime.

GENUS PHALAROPUS Brisson.

SuBGENUS PHALAROPUS.

Phalaropus Briss. Orn. VI. 1760, 12. Type, by elimination, Tringa lobata LINN.

223. Phalaropus lobatus (LInw.). Northern Phalarope. Tringa lobata Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 148, 824. Phalaropus lobatus Satvap. Ucc. d'Italia, II. 1872, 210 (nec LaTHAM qui Crymophilus fulicarius, nec WILSON qui Ph. tricolor). [B 520, C q10, R 564, C 603.] Groc. Dist. — Northern portions of northern hemisphere, breed- ing in arctic latitudes ; south in winter to the tropics.

ORDER LIMICOLE. 83

SusGENus STEGANOPUS VIEILLOT.

Steganopus ViIEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXXII. 1819, 136. Type, S. ¢rzcolor VIEILL.

224, Phalaropus tricolor (VIE£ILL.). Wilson’s Phalarope.

Steganopus tricolor ViEtLu. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXXII. 1819, 136. Phalaropus tricolor STEJN. Auk, II. 1885, 183. [B 519, C 409, R 565, C 602.] Groc. Dist.— Temperate North America, chiefly the interior, breeding from northern Illinois and Utah northward to the Sas- katchewan region ; south in winter to Brazil and Patagonia.

FamMity RECURVIROSTRIDZ. Avocets anp STILTs.

Genus RECURVIROSTRA Linneus.

Memrorosira) Vann. S.No ed.) co, I. 1758, \r51. | Type, ze avosetta LINN.

225. Recurvirostra americana GMEL. American Avocet.

Recurvirostra americana GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 693. [B 517, C 407, R566, C 600.] Geroc. Dist.— Temperate North America, north to the Saskat-

chewan and Great Slave Lake; in winter, south to Guatemala and the West Indies. Rare in the eastern United States.

Genus HIMANTOPUS Brisson.

fimantopus Briss. Orn. VI. 1760, 33. Type, Charadrius himan- topus LINN.

84 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

226. Himantopus mexicanus (MULL.). Black-necked Stilt.

Charadrius mexicanus MULL. S. N. Suppl. 1776, 117. Himantopus mexicanus ORD, WILs. Orn, VII. 1824, 52.

[B's 18, C408, BR 567) C Gor] Geroc. Dist.— Temperate North America, from the northern

United States southward to the West Indies, northern Brazil, and Peru. Rare in eastern United States, except in Florida.

FAMILY SCOLOPACID 4. SNIPES, SANDPIPERS, ETC.

Genus SCOLOPAX Linnzus.

Scolopax LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 145. Type, S. rusticola LINN.

[227.] Scolopax rusticola Linn. European Woodcock.

Scolopax rusticola Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 146. [B—, C 413, R 524, C 606.]

Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World; occasional in eastern North America.

Genus PHILOHELA Gray.

Philohela GRAY, List Gen. B. 1841, 90. Type, Scolopax minor GM.

228. Philohela minor (GMEL.). American Woodcock. Scolopax minor GMEL. S. N. I. 1i. 1788, 661. Philohela minor Gray, List Gen. B. 1841, go.

[(Big22.°C yme, Rigan(C Gog. Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, north to the British Pro-

vinces, west to Dakota, Kansas, etc.; breeding throughout its range. No extralimital record except Bermuda.

ORDER LIMICOLZ. 85

Genus GALLINAGO Leacu.

Gallinago Lracu, Syst. Cat. Brit. Mam. & Birds, 1816, 31. Type, Scolopax major LINN.

[229.] Gallinago gallinago (Linw.). European Snipe. Scolopax gallinago Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 147. Gallinago gallinago Licut. Nom. Mus. Berol. 1854, 93. [B—, C—, R 526, C 607.]

Groc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World; frequent in Greenland, accidental in Bermuda.

230. Gallinago delicata (Orp). Wilson’s Snipe. Scolopax delicata ORD, Wits. Orn. IX. 1825, p. cexviii. Gallinago delicata A. O. U. Check-List, 1886, 148.

[B 523, C 414, R 5262, C 608.] Geroc. Dist.— North and Middle America, breeding from the

northern United States northward; south in winter to the West Indies and northern South America.

Genus MACRORHAMPHUS Leacu.

Macrorhamphus Lracu, Syst. Cat. Brit. Mam. & B. 1816, 31. Type, Scolopax grisea GMEL.

231. Macrorhamphus griseus (GmMEL.). Dowitcher. Scolopax grisea GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 658. Macrorhamphus griseus Leacu, Syst. Cat. Brit. Mam. & B. 1816, 31. [B 524, C 415, R 527, C 609.] Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, breeding far north; south in winter to the West Indies and Brazil. Casual (?) in Alaska (Nushagak River), Bermuda, Great Britain, and Europe.

86 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

232. Macrorhamphus scolopaceus (Say). Long-billed Dowitcher.

Limosa scolopacea Say, Lone’s Exp. II. 1823, 170. Macrorhamphus scolopaceus LAwR. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. V. 1852, 4,

pl. E. (B.525, C arse) R ker) C.6ron}

Geoc. Dist.— Western North America, breeding in Alaska to the Arctic coast, migrating south in winter through the western United States (including Mississippi Valley) to Mexico, and, less commonly, along Atlantic coast.

Genus MICROPALAMA Bairp.

Micropalama Bairv, B. N. Am. 1858, 726. Type, Zringa himan- topus BONAP.

233. Micropalama himantopus (Bonap.). Stilt Sandpiper.

Tringa himantopus Bonar. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. II. 1826, 157. Micropalama himantopus BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 726. [B35 36, \C ano" R 528, Ciorrel Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, breeding north of the

United States, and migrating in winter to Bermuda, West Indies and Central and South America.

Genus TRINGA LINN«&Uus. SuBGENUS TRINGA.

Tringa Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 148. Type, by elimination, T. canutus LINN.

234, Tringa canutus LINN. Knot. Tringa canutus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 149. [Bis26, C426, Ri s29) Ci6z6. Groc. Dist.— Nearly cosmopolitan. Breeds in high northern latitudes, but visits the southern hemisphere during its migrations.

ORDER LIMICOLE. 87

SusBGENusS ARQUATELLA Bairp.

Arquatella Batrp, B. N. Am. 1858, 714, 717. Type, Zringa maritima BRUNN.

235, Tringa maritima Brin. Purple Sandpiper.

Tringa maritima BRUNN. Orn. Bor. 1764, 54. [Bi528, C422) Rica, C620)

Groc. Dist.— Northern portions of the northern hemisphere ; in North America chiefly the northeastern portions, breeding in the high north, migrating in winter to the Eastern and Middle States (casually to Florida), the Great Lakes, and the shores of the larger streams in the upper Mississippi Valley.

236. Tringa couesi (Ripew.). Aleutian Sandpiper.

Arquatella couest Ripew. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, V. July, 1880, 160. Tringa couest HARTLAUB, Journ. f. Orn. 1883, 280.

[B —, C —, R 531, C 621.]

Geoc. Dist. — Aleutian Islands and coast of Alaska, north to Kowak River, west to Commander Islands, Kamchatka.

237. Tringa ptilocnemis CouEs. Pribilof Sandpiper.

Tringa ptilocnemis Cours, Evirott’s Rep. Seal Isl. Alaska, 1873 (not paged). [B —, C 426 dts, R 532, C 622.] Geoc. Dist.— Breeding in the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, and mi- grating to coast of adjacent mainland south of Norton Sound.

SusBGENuS ACTODROMAS Kavp.

Actodromas Kaur, Sxizz. Entw.-Gesch. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 37. Type, Zringa minuta LEISL.

88 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

238. Tringa acuminata (Horsr.). Sharp-tailed Sandpiper. Totanus acuminatus Hors¥. Linn. Trans. XIII. 1821, 192. Tringa acuminata Swinu. P. Z. S. 1863, 316.

[B —, C —, R533; C 619.]

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern Asia, and coast of Alaska, migrating south to Java and Australia.

239. Tringa maculata VIEILL. Pectoral Sandpiper. Tringa maculata Virt.t. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXXIV. 1819, 465. [B 532, C420, R534; C 616.)

Groc. Dist.— The whole of North America, the West Indies, and the greater part of South America. Breeds in the Arctic regions. Of frequent occurrence in Europe.

240. Tringa fuscicollis VIEILL. White-rumped Sandpiper. Tringa fuscicoclis ViEiLL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXXIV. 1819, 461.

[B 533, C 421, R 536, C 6r7.]

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, breeding in the high north. In winter, the West Indies, Central and South America, south to the Falkland Islands. Occasional in Europe.

241. Tringa bairdii (CovEs). Baird’s Sandpiper. Actodromas bairdii Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1861, 194. Tringa batirdit Sci. P. Z. S. 1867, 332. [B —, C 419, R 537, C 615. ]

Geoc. Dist.— Nearly the whole of North and South America, but chiefly the interior of North and the western portions of South America, south to Chili and Patagonia. Breeds in Alaska and on the Barren Grounds. Rare along the Atlantic coast, and not yet recorded from the Pacific coast of the United States.

ORDER LIMICOL. 89

242. Tringa minutilla VIEILL. Least Sandpiper.

Tringa minutilla Vint. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXXIV. 1819, 452. [BisgeC 40S, Ris26) C604]

Geoc. Dist.— The whole of North and South America, breeding north of the United States. Accidental in Europe.

[242.1.] Tringa damacensis (Horsr.). Long-toed Stint.

Totanus damacensis Hors¥r. Trans. Linn. Soc. XIII. 1821, 129. Tringa damacensis SWINu. Ibis, Oct. 1863, 413.

AU pee LA ia

Geoc. Dist.— Asia, breeding toward Arctic coast; accidental in Alaska (Otter Island, Bering Sea).

SuBGENUS PELIDNA CouvIER.

Pelidna Cuv. Régne An. 1817, 490. Type, Zringa alpina LINN. [243.] Tringa alpina Linn. Dunlin. Tringa alpina Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 149. [B—, C—, R 539, C 623.]

Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World; accidental in eastern North America (west side of Hudson Bay and Long Island).

243a. Tringa alpina pacifica (Cougs). Red-backed Sandpiper.

Pelidna pacifica Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1861, 189. Tringa alpina pacijica A. O. U. Check-List, 1886, 152. [B 530, C 424, R 5394, C 624.]

Groc. Dist.— North America in general, breeding far north. Eastern Asia.

go CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

SusGENUS ANCYLOCHBEILUS Kavp.

Ancylocheitlus Kaur, Skizz. Entw.-Gesch. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 50. Type, Zringa subarquata TEMM. = 7: ferruginea BRUNN.

244. Tringa ferruginea Brinn. Curlew Sandpiper.

Tringa ferruginea BRUNN. Orn. Bor. 1764, 53. [B 529, C 425, R 540, C 625.]

Groc. Dist.— Old World in general; occasional in eastern North America and Alaska.

GENUS HURYNORHYNCHUS Nitsson.

Eurynorhynchus Niuss. Orn. Suec. II. 1821, 29. Type, Platalea pygmea LINN.

[245.] Hurynorhynchus pygmeeus (Linn.). Spoon-bill Sandpiper. Platalea pygme@a LINN. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 140. Eurynorhynchus pygm@us PEARSON, Jour. As. Soc. Beng. V. T520,027". [B—, C—, R 542*, C 884.] Geoc. Dist.— Asia; in summer along the Arctic coast, in winter

southern and southeastern Asia. Accidental on the coast of Alaska (Choris Peninsula).

Genus HREUNETES IL icer.

Ereunetes ILutic. Prodr. 1811, 262. Type, £. Zetrificatus ILuic. = Tringa pusilla LINN.

246. Ereunetes pusillus (Linn.). Semipalmated Sandpiper. Tringa pusilla LINN. 8. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 252. Lreunetes pusillus Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1860, 195.

ORDER LIMICOLZ. gI

[B 535, C 417, R 541, C 612.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, breeding north of the United States; south in winter to the West Indies and South America.

247. Ereunetes occidentalis Lawr. Western Sandpiper.

Ereunetes occidentalis Lawr. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1864, 107. [B —, C 417a, R 5414, C 613.]

Geroc. Dist.— Chiefly western United States, frequent eastward to the Atlantic coast; breeding far north and migrating in winter to Central and South America.

Genus CALIDRIS Cuvier.

Calidris Cuv. Leg. Anat. Comp. I. 1799-1800, tabl. ii. Type, Tringa arenaria LINN.

248. Calidris arenaria (LiNN.). Sanderling.

Tringa arenaria LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 251. Calidris arenaria LEACH, Syst. Cat. Brit. Mam. & B. 1816, 28.

[B 534, C 427, R 542, C 627.] Geoc. Dist.— Nearly cosmopolitan, breeding in the arctic and subarctic regions, migrating, in America, south to Chili and Pata- gonia.

Genus LIMOSA Brisson. Limosa Briss. Orn. V. 1760, 261. Type, Scolopax limosa LINN.

249. Limosa fedoa (LINv.). Marbled Godwit.

Scolopax fedoa Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 146. Limosa fedoa SABINE, FRANKLIN’S Journ. Polar Sea, 1823, 689.

Q2 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[Br547, C428, R543, C628]

Groc. Dist.— North America; breeding in the interior (from Iowa and Nebraska, northward to Manitoba and the Saskatchewan), migrating in winter to Guatemala, Yucatan, etc., and Cuba.

250. Limosa lapponica baueri (Navm.). Pacific Godwit.

Limosa bauert NAUMANN, VOg. Deutschl. VIII. 1834, 429. Limosa lapponica baueri StEJN. Orn. Expl. Kamtsch. 1885, 122. [B —, C 430, R 544, C 631.] Geoc. Dist.— Shores and islands of the Pacific Ocean, from New Zealand and Australia to Kamchatka and Alaska. On the Amer-

ican coast recorded south of Alaska only from La Paz, Lower Cali- fornia.

251. Limosa hzmastica (Linn.). Hudsonian Godwit.

Scolopax hemastica Linn. S. N. ed. ro, I. 1758, 147. Limosa hemastica Cours, Birds Northwest, 1874, 760.

[B 548, C 429, R 545, C 629.]

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America and the whole of Middle and South America. Breeds only in the high north.

[252.] Limosa limosa (Linn.). Black-tailed Godwit.

Scolopax limosa Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 147. Limosa limosa Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 356.

[B—, C—, R546, C 630.] Groc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World; accidental in

Greenland. Genus TOTANUS BeEcuHSTEIN.

Totanus Becu. Orn. Tasch. Deutschl. 1803, 282. Type, Scolo- pax totanus LINN.

ORDER LIMICOL. 93

SuscGenus GLOTTIS Kocu.

Glottis Kocu, Baier. Zool. 1816, 304. Type, Zotanus glottis BEcusT. = Scolopax nebularius GUNNER.

[253.] Totanus nebularius (Gunv.). Green-shank.

Scolopax nebularius GUNNER. in LEEM, Lapp. Beskr. 1767, 251. Totanus nebularius STEJN. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 37. [B 538, C 434, R 547, C 635.] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern hemisphere ; accidental in Florida.

254. Totanus melanoleucus (GMEL.). Greater Yellow-legs.

Scolopax melanoleuca GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 659.

Totanus melanoleucus ViEILu. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. VI. 1816, 398.

[B 539, C 432, R 548, C 633.]

Geroc. Dist.— America in general, breeding from Iowa and north-

ern Illinois, etc., northward, and migrating south to Chili and Argentine Republic.

255. Totanus flavipes (GMEL.). Yellow-legs. Scolopax flavipes GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 659. Totanus flavipes VIEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. VI. 1816, 410

[B 540, C 433, R 549, C 634.]

Geoc. Dist.— America in general, breeding in the cold temperate

and subarctic districts, and migrating south in winter to southern South America.

Less common in western than in eastern North America.

SUBGENUS HELODROMAS Kavp.

felodromas Kaur, Skizz. Entw.-Gesch. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 144. Type, Zringa ochropus LINN.

94 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

256. Totanus solitarius (WILS.). Solitary Sandpiper.

Tringa solitaria Wiis. Am. Orn. VII. 1813, 53, pl. 58, fig. 3. Totanus solitarius BoNAP. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. V. 1825, 36. [B 541, C 435, R 550, C 637.] Groc. Dist.— North America, breeding occasionally in the north- ern United States, more commonly northward, and migrating south- ward as far as the Argentine Republic and Peru.

256a. Totanus solitarius cinnamomeus BREWSTER. Western Solitary Sandpiper.

Totanus solitarius cinnamomeus BREWSTER, Auk, VII. Oct. 1890, Sia: [B 541, part, C 435, part, R 550, part, C 637, part.] Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast region, eastward to the Plains.

(257.] Totanus ochropus (LINvN.). Green Sandpiper.

Tringa ocrophus (err. typ.) Linn. S. N. ed. ro, I. 1758, 149. Totanus ochropus TEMM. Man. 1815, 420. [B—, C—, R 551, C 636.] Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World. Accidental in Nova Scotia.

Genus SYMPHEMITIA RarineEsQue.

Symphemia RAFINESQUE, Jour. de Phys. LXXXVIII. 1819, 418. Type, Scolopax semipalmata GMEL.

258. Symphemia semipalmata (GMEL.). Willet. Scolopax semipalmata GMEL. S. N. I. li. 1788, 659. Symphemia semipalmata Hartt. Rev. Zool. 1845, 342. [Big 37) Crag t, Rance C622 Geroc. Dist.— Eastern temperate North America, south to the

West Indies and Brazil. Breeds from Florida to New Jersey and locally and rarely to Maine. Accidental in Bermuda and Europe.

ORDER LIMICOL. 95

258a. Symphemia semipalmata inornata Brewst. Western Willet.

Symphemia semipalmata inornata Brewst. Auk, IV. April, 1887, 145. [B 537, part, R 431, part, R 552, part, C 632, part.| Geoc. Disr.— Western North America, east to Mississippi Valley and Gulf States; in winter, south to Mexico, and, during migrations,

sparingly along coast of southern Atlantic States. Breeds from coast of Texas to Manitoba.

Genus HETERACTITIS Srejnecer.

Fleteractitis Steyn. Auk, I. July, 1884, 236. Type, Scolopax incanus GMEL.

259. Heteractitis incanus (GMEL.). Wandering Tatler. Scolopax incanus GMEL. S. N. I. i. 1788, 658. Feteractitis incanus STEJN. Auk, I. July, 1884, 236. [B 542, C 440, R 553, C 642.] Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast of America, from Norton Sound,

Alaska, to the Galapagos, and west to Kamchatka and Hawaiian Islands ; also the more eastern island groups of Polynesia.

Genus PAVONCHLLA LEAcH.

Pavoncella LEACH, Syst. Cat. Brit. Mam. & B. 1816, 29. Type, Tringa pugnax LINN.

[260.] Pavoncella pugnax (LINv.). Ruff.

Tringa pugnax Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 148. Pavoncella pugnax LEACH, Syst. Cat. Brit. Mam. & B. 1816, 29. [B 544, C 437, R 554, C 639.]

Groc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World, straying occa- sionally to eastern North America.

96 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus BARTRAMIA LEsson.

Bartramia Lxss. Traité, 1831, 553. Type, &. /aticauda LEss. = Tringa longicauda BECHST.

261. Bartramia longicauda (BEcusT.). Bartramian Sandpiper.

Tringa longicauda Becust. Uebers. Lath. Ind. Orn. II. 1812, 453- Bartramius longicaudus BoNnaAP. Rev. et Mag. Zool. XX. 1857, 59. [B 545, C 438, R555, C 640.]

Geoc. Dist.— North America, mainly east of the Rocky Moun- tains, north to Nova Scotia and Alaska, breeding throughout most of its North American range ; migrating in winter southward, as far as Brazil and Peru. Occasional in Europe.

Genus TRYNGITES Casanis.

Tryngites Cas. Jour. fiir Orn. 1856, 418. Type, Zringa rufes- cens VIEILL. = 7. subrujicollis VIEILL.

262, Tryngites subruficollis (VI£I11.). Buff-breasted Sandpiper. Tringa subruficollis Vin1Lu. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXXIV. 1819, 465. Tryngites subruficollis Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 356. [B 546, C 439, R 556, C 641.]

Groc. Dist.— North America, especially in the interior; breeds in the Yukon district and the interior of British America, northward to the Arctic coast; South America in winter as far as Uruguay and Peru. Of frequent occurrence in Europe.

Genus ACTITIS ILticeEr.

Actitis WLu1G. Prodr. 1811, 262. Type, Zringa hypoleucos LINN.

ORDER LIMICOL. 97

263. Actitis macularia (Linv.). Spotted Sandpiper.

Tringa macularia LINN. 8. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 249. Actitis macularia NAUMANN, Vog. Deutsch]. VIII. 1836, 34. [B 543, C 436, R 557, C 638.]

Geroc. Dist.— North and South America, from Alaska south to southern Brazil. Breeds throughout temperate North America, less commonly on the Pacific coast. Occasional in Europe.

Genus NUMENIUS Brisson.

Numenius Briss. Orn. VI. 1760, 311. Type, Scolopax arguata LINN.

264. Numenius longirostris WILs. Long-billed Curlew.

LVumenius longirostris Wits. Am. Orn. VIII. 1814, 24, pl. 64, fig. 4. [B 549, C 441, R 558, C 643. Geroc. Dist.— Temperate North America, migrating south to

Guatemala, Cuba, and Jamaica. Breeds in the South Atlantic States, and in the interior through most of its North American range.

265. Numenius hudsonicus Latu. Hudsonian Curlew.

Numenius hudsonicus Latu. Ind. Orn. II. 1790, 712. [B 550, C 442, R 559, C 645.]

Geoc. Dist.— All of North and South America, including the West Indies; breeds in the high north, and winters chiefly south of the United States.

266. Numenius borealis (Forsr.). Eskimo Curlew.

Scolopax borealis Forst. Phil. Trans. LXII. 1772, 411, 431. Numenius borealis Lary. Ind. Orn. II. 1790, 712.

7

98 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 551, C 443, R 560, C 646.|

Geroc. Disr.— Eastern North America, breeding in the Arctic regions, and migrating south throughout South America.

[267.] Numenius phzopus (LInv.). Whimbrel.

Scolopax phaopus Linn. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 146. Numenius pheopus Latu. Gen. Syn. Suppl. I. 1787, 291. [B—, C—, R 561, C 644.]

Groc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World; occasional in Greenland.

[268.] Numenius tahitiensis (GMEL.). Bristle-thighed Curlew.

Scolopax tahitiensis GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 656. Numenius tahitiensis Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. Aug. 24, 1880, 201. [B —, C 442 dis, R 562, C 647.]

Geoc. Dist.— Islands of the Pacific Ocean. Occasional on the coast of Alaska and Lower California.

FaMIity CHARADRIIDA. Puovers.

Genus VANELLUS Brisson.

Vanellus Briss. Orn. V. 1760, 94. Type, Zringa vanellus LINN.

[269.] Vanellus vanellus (Linv.). Lapwing. Tringa vanellus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 148. Vanellus vanellus LicuT. Nom. Mus. Berol. 1854, 95.

[B—, C—, R 512, C 593.] Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of eastern hemisphere. In North

America, occasional in Greenland, the islands in Norton Sound, Alaska, and on Long Island.

ORDER LIMICOL. 99

GENUS CHARADRIUS Linnzus.

SUBGENUS SQUATAROLA Cuvier.

Squatarola Cuv. Rég. An. I. 1817, 467. Type, Zringa squatarola LINN.

270. Charadrius squatarola (Linn.). Black-bellied Plover. Tringa sguatarola Linn. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 149. Charadrius squatarola Naum. Vég. Deutschl. VII. 1834, BO [B 510, C 395, R 513, C 580.]

Groc. Dist.— Nearly cosmopolitan, but chiefly in the northern hemisphere, breeding far north, and migrating south in winter; in America, to the West Indies, Brazil, and Colombia.

SUBGENUS CHARADRIUS Linn us.

Charadrius Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 150. Type, C. aprica- rius LINN.

[271.] Charadrius apricarius Linn. Golden Plover.

Charadrius apricarius Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. D7 5O;\ 150 [B—, C—, R514, € 583.]

Groc. Dist.— Europe, south to Africa in winter; eastern Green- land. i

272. Charadrius dominicus Mij.-. American Golden Plover.

Charadrius dominicus MULL. S. N. Suppl. 1776, 116. [B 503, C 396, R 515, C 58r1.]

Groc. Dist.— Arctic America except coast of Bering Sea, migrat- ing southward throughout North and South America to Patagonia,

I0O CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

272 a. Charadrius dominicus fulvus (GMEL.). Pacific Golden Plover.

Charadrius fulvus GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 687. Charadrius dominicus fulvus Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. ITI. 1880, 198. ! [Bes Os RigneeC Bez. Geroc. Dist.— Breeding from northern Asia to the Pribilof Islands and coast of Alaska, south in winter through China and India to Australia and Polynesia.

Genus 4]GIALITIS Bote. SuBGENUS OXYBCHUS REIcCHENBACH.

Oxyechus Reicu. Syst. Av. 1853, p. xvili. Type, Charadrius vociferus LINN.

273. Aigialitis vocifera (Linv.). Killdeer. Charadrius vociferus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 150. Ai gialites vociferus Bonap. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 45. [B 504, C 397, R 516, C 584.| Groc. Dist.— Temperate North America, breeding north to New-

foundland and Manitoba, migrating to the West Indies, and Central and northern South America. Bermuda.

SuBGENuS 43GIALITIS Bote.

Ai gialitis Bork, Isis, 1822, 558. Type, by elimination, Chara- drius hiaticula LINN.

274, AGgialitis semipalmata Bonap. Semipalmated Plover.

Charadrius semipalmatus Bonar. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.

V. 1825, 98. Aigialites semipalmatus Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 45.

ORDER LIMICOLE. IOI

[Bigoy; €) 2009 Risuz, © 5386-| Geoc. Dist.— Arctic and subarctic America, migrating south

throughout tropical America, as far as Brazil, Peru, and the Gala- pagos.

275, AGgialitis hiaticula (Liny.). Ring Plover. Charadrius hiaticula Linn. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 150. Atgialitis hiaticula Bork, Isis, 1822, 558. es, CLR yeC\esag Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World and portions of Arctic America, breeding on the west shore of Cumberland Gulf.

(276.] AGigialitis dubia (Scop.). Little Ring Plover. Charadrius dubtus Scopout, Delic. F. et Fl. Insubr. II. 1786, 93. Aigialites dubius SwIinu. P. Z. 8. 1871, 404.

[B—, C 400 bis, R 519, C 590.|

Geroc. Dist.— Most of the eastern hemisphere, breeding northward. Accidental on the coast of California and in Alaska.

277. Aigialitis meloda (Orp). Piping Plover. Charadrius melodus ORD, ed. Wits. VII. 1824, 71. gialites melodus Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 45.

[B 508, C 400, R 520, C 587. ] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, breeding from the coast of Virginia northward to Newfoundland ; in winter, West Indies.

277 a. Aigialitis meloda circumcincta Ripcw. Belted Piping Plover.

Aigialitis melodus var. circumcinctus Ripcw. Am. Nat. VIII. Feb. 1874, 109. [B—, C 4oo0a, R 5204, C 588.] Geoc. Dist.— Mississippi Valley, breeding from northern Illinois north to Lake Winnipeg; more or less frequent eastward to the Atlantic coast.

102 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

278. Aigialitis nivosa Cass. Snowy Plover.

Aigialitis nivosa Cass. in BairD, B. N. Am, 1858, 696.

[B 509, C gor, R 521, C 5ogr.|

Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from California east to Kansas and western Gulf States; in winter, both coasts of Central America, and western South America to Chili. Western Cuba.

[279.| Aigialitis mongola (PALL.).

Mongolian Plover. Charadrius mongolus Patt. Reise Russ. Reich. III. 1776, 700. Aigialites mongolus Swinh. P. Z. 8. 1870, 140. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Northern Asia, south in winter to India, Malay Archipelago, Philippines, and Australia. Choris Peninsula, Alaska ; accidental.

SuRGENusS OCHTHODROMUS ReEICHENBACH.

Ochthodromus ReIcH. Syst. Av. 1852, p. xvii. Type, Chara- drius wilsonius ORD.

280. Aigialitis wilsonia (ORD). Wilson’s Plover. : Charadrius wilsonia Ord, Wits. Orn. IX. 1814, 77, pl. 73, fig. 5- Agialites wilsonius Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 45. [B x06C 398, R522, Cass. Groc. Dist.— Coasts of North and South America, from Long

Island and Lower California southward to Brazil and Peru, including the West Indies. Casual north to Nova Scotia.

SuBGENUS PODASOCYS Cougs.

Podasocys Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1866, 96. Type, Charadrius montanus ‘TOWNS.

ORDER LIMICOL. 103

281. Aigialitis montana (Towns.). Mountain Plover. Charadrius montanus Towns. Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VII. 1837, 192. Lgialitis montanus Cass. in Barrp, B. N. Am. 1858, 693. PBrgos5)'C, 402, Ri ga2C nga Groc. Dist.— Chiefly the Plains, from central Kansas to the Rocky Mountains, north to the British boundary, breeding from Kansas northward ; westward, especially in winter, to central and southern California, and south to Lower California and San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Accidental in Florida.

Famity APHRIZIDA. Surr Birps anp TuRNSTONES.

SUBFAMILY APHRIZINZA. Surr Birps.

GENUS APHRIZA Aupupon.

Aphriza Aup. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 249. Type, A. townsendi Au. = Tringa virgata GMEL.

282. Aphriza virgata (GMEL.). Surf Bird.

Lringa virgata GMEL. S. N.I. ii. 1788, 674. Aphriza virgata GRay, Gen. B. III. 1847, pl. exlvii.

PBisrr, C/qoz, Rcr1,'C 594.] Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast of America, from Alaska to Chili.

SUBFAMILY ARENARIINZA. TurnstTones.

Genus ARENARIA Brisson. Arenaria Briss. Orn. V. 1760, 132. Type, Zringa enterpres LINN. 283. Arenaria interpres (Linv.). Turnstone.

Tringa interpres LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 148. Arenaria interpres VIEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXIV, 1819, 345.

104 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 515, C 406, R 509, C 598.]

Geroc. Dist.— Nearly cosmopolitan. In America from Greenland and Alaska to the Straits of Magellan ; more or less common in the interior of North America, on the shores of the Great Lakes and the larger rivers. Breeds in high northern latitudes.

284. Arenaria melanocephala (ViGc.). Black Turnstone. Strepsilas melanocephalus Vic. Zool. Jour. 1V. Jan. 1829, 356. Arenaria melanocephala Steyn. Auk, f. July, 1834, 229. [B 516, C 406a, R 510, C 599. | Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, from Point Barrow,

Alaska, to Santa Margarita Island, Lower California ; breeding from Alaska south to British Columbia. Accidental in India.

FamMity HZABMATOPODIDA. OvystTeR—CATCHERS.

Genus HASMATOPUS Linneus.

Hematopus Linn. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 152. Type, &. ostrale- gus LINN.

[285.] Hzematopus ostralegus LInn. Oyster-catcher.

fematopus ostralegus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 152. [B—, C—, R 506, C 595.] Geroc. Dist.— Sea-coasts of Europe and part of Asia and Africa; occasional in Greenland.

286. Hzematopus palliatus Trem. American Oyster-catcher. Hematopus palliatus VemM. Man. II. 1820, 532. [BG r2, (C404, 0R 507 aC Rob.|

Geroc. Dist.— Sea-coasts of temperate and tropical America, from New Jersey and western Mexico to Patagonia; occasional or acci- dental on the Atlantic coast north to Massachusetts and Grand Menan.

ORDER LIMICOLE. 105

286.1. Heematopus frazari Brewsr. Frazar’s Oyster-catcher.

Hematopus frazart Brewst. Auk, V. Jan. 1888, 84. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Gro. Dist.— Lower California (both coasts), north to Los Coro- nados Islands.

287. Hzematopus bachmani Aup. Black Oyster-catcher.

Hematopus bachmani Aup. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 245, pl. 427. [B 513, C 405, R 508, C 597.|

Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, from the Aleutian Islands to La Paz, Lower California.

Famity JACANIDA. § jJacanas.

Genus JACANA Brisson.

Jacana Briss. Orn. V. 1760, 121. Type, by elimination, /udica Spinosa LINN.

288.| Jacana spinosa (LINv.). Mexican Jacana.

Fulica spinosa LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 152. Jacana spinosa EvLLioT, Auk, V. July, 1888, 297. [B—, C—, R 568, C 672.]

Geroc. Dist.— Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas, south to Panama. Cuba ; Haiti.

106 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

OrDER GALLINA:. GALLINACEOUS BIRDs.

SUBORDER PHASIANI. PHEASANTS, GRouUSE, PaR- TRIDGES, QUAILS, ETC.

Famity TETRAONIDZ. Grouse, PARTRIDGES, ETC. SupraMILy PERDICINZA. Partripces.

Genus COLINUS Lesson.

Colinus Less. Man. d’Orn. II. 1828, 190. Type, Zetrao virgin- zanus LINN.

289. Colinus virginianus (LINN.). Bob-white. Tetrao virginianus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 161. Colinus virginianus STEJN. Auk, II. Jan. 1885, 45. [B 471, C 389, R 480, C 571.]

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States and southern Ontario, from southern Maine to the South Atlantic and Gulf States ; west to central South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma and eastern Texas. Of late years has gradually extended its range westward along lines of railroad and settlements; also, introduced at various points in Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Idaho, California, Oregon, and Wash- ington. Breeds throughout its range.

289 a. Colinus virginianus floridanus (Cougs). Florida Bob-white.

Ortyx virginianus var. floridanus COUES, Key, 1872, 237: Colinus virginianus floridanus STEJN. Auk, II. Jan. 1885, 45.

ORDER GALLIN. [07

[B—, C 389a, R 480a, C 572.|

Geroc. Dist.— Florida.

2896. Colinus virginianus texanus (Lawre.). Texan Bob-white.

Ortyx texanus LAwR. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. VI. April, 1853, 1. Colinus virginianus texanus STEJN. Auk, II. Jan. 1885, 45. [B 472, C 3894, R 4804, C 573.| Geoc. Dist.— Southern and western Texas, south to central

Tamaulipas and southern Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Western Mexico, near Guadalajara.

291. Colinus ridgwayi Brewsvt. Masked Bob-white.

Colinus ridgwayt BRrewst. Auk, II. April, 1885, 199. [B—, C—, R—, C—.|

Geoc. Dist.— Sonora to southern Arizona.

Genus OREORTYX Bairn. Oreortyx Barrp, B. N. Am. 1858, 642. Type, Ortyx picta Douc..

292. Oreortyx pictus (Dovuct.). Mountain Partridge.

Ortyx picta Doucu. Trans. Linn. Soc. XVI. 1829, 143: Oreortyx pictus BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 642. [B 473, C 390, R 481, C 574.| Geroc. Dist. — Pacific coast region, from San Francisco Bay north to Washington. Introduced on Vancouver Island.

292 a. Oreortyx pictus plumiferus (GouLp). Plumed Partridge. Ortyx plumifera GOULD, P. Z. S. 1837, 42. Oreortyx pictus var. plumiferus RipGw. in Hist. N. Am. B. III. 1874, 476.

108 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B—, C—, R 4814, C—.]

Geoc. Dist. — Sierra Nevada (both slopes), east to Panamint Mountains, and to Mount Magruder, Nevada; south in the coast ranges from San Francisco Bay to Lower California (Campos).

292 6. Oreortyx pictus confinis ANTHONY. 4, San Pedro Partridge.

Oreortyx picta confinis ANTHONY, Proc. Cal. Ac. Sci. 2d. ser. II. Oct. 11,1389, 7.4. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— San Pedro Mountains, Lower California.

Genus CALLIPEPLA Wac Ler. SuBGENUS CALLIPEPLA.

Callipepla WAGLER, Isis, 1832, 277. Type, C. strenua WAGL. = Ortyx squamatus V1G.

293. Callipepla squamata (VIG.). Sealed Partridge.

Ortyx sguamatus Vic. Zool. Jour. V. 1830, 275. Callipepla sgquamata GRay, List Gen. B. ed. 1, 1840, 61. [B 476, C 393, R 484, C 577.] Groc. Dist.— Tablelands of Mexico, from the valley of Mexico, north to central and western Texas, Santa Fé, New Mexico, and

southern Arizona. 293 a. Callipepla squamata castanogastris Brewst. Chestnut-bellied Scaled Partridge.

Callipepla squamata castanogastris Brewst. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VIII. Jan. 1883, 34.

[B—, C—, R—, C— ] Geroc. Dist.— Northeastern Mexico and Lower Rio Grande Valley

in Texas.

ORDER GALLINA. 109

SusGENUS LOPHORTYX Bonaparte.

Lophortyx Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 42. Type, Zetrao californicus SHAW.

294. Callipepla californica (SHaw). California Partridge. Tetrao californicus SHAw, Nat. Misc. IX. 1797 (?), pl. ccexlv. Callipepla californica GouLD, Mon. Odont. ‘pt. 1. 1844,” pl. xvi. [B 474, C 391, R 482, C575.] Groc. Dist.— Coast region of California, south to Monterey. Introduced in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia.

294 a. Callipepla californica vallicola Ripcway. Valley Partridge.

Callipepla californica vallicola Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355- [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Interior valleys of California and foothills of the Sierra Nevada, east to the Panamint Mountains, south to Cape St. Lucas.

295. Callipepla gambelii (GAMBEL). Gambel’s Partridge. Lophortyx gambeli “ NutTrauu,” Gams. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1843, 260. Callipepla gambeli GAMBEL, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. n.s. I, 1849, 219. [B 475, C 392, R 483, C 576.] Geoc. Dist..— Western Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, southern Utah, southern Nevada, southern California in the Colorado Valley, and southward into northwestern Mexico.

Genus CYRTONYX Gou tp.

Cyrtonyx GouLD, Mon. Odont. “pt. i, 1844, pl. vil.” Type, Ortyx massena LESS. = O. montezsume VIG.

16) CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

296. Cyrtonyx montezumz (VIG.). Massena Partridge.

Ortyx montesume Vicors, Zool. Journ. V. 1830, 275. Cyrtonyx montezsume STEJN. Auk, II. Jan. 1885, 46. [B 477, C 394, R 485, C 578.] Geoc. Dist.— Tablelands of Mexico, from the city of Mexico north to western Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.

SuBFAMILY TETRAONINAL. GRouseE.

Genus DENDRAGAPUS ELLiot. SuBGENUS DENDRAGAPUS.

Dendragapus Ev.iot, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1864, 23. Type, Tetrao obscurus SAY.

297. Dendragapus obscurus (Say). Dusky Grouse.

Tetrao obscurus Say, Lone’s Exp. II. 1823, 14. Dendragapus obscurus ELLIOT, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1864, 23. [B 459, C 381, R 471, C 557-]

Geroc. Dist.— Rocky Mountains, from central Montana and southeastern Idaho to New Mexico and Arizona, eastward to the Black Hills, South Dakota, and westward to East Humboldt Moun- tains, Nevada.

297 a. Dendragapus obscurus fuliginosus Ripcw. Sooty Grouse.

Canace obscura var. fuliginosa RipGcw. Bull. Essex Inst. V. Dee.

1873, 199. Dendragapus obscurus fuliginosus Rrpcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus.

WATT 88a, i208: [B—, C 3814, R. 4712, C 559.] Geroc. Dist.— Northwest coast mountains, from California to Sitka, east to Nevada, western Idaho, and portions of British Columbia.

ORDER GALLINA. Elg

297 46. Dendragapus obscurus richardsonii (Dovct.). Richardson’s Grouse. Tetrao richardsonit ‘Sas. MS.” Douci. Linn. Trans. XVI. iii, 1829, 141. Dendragapus obscurus richardsont Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. WITT.) 1835, 355 -

[B—, C 3814, R 4714, C 558.]

Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountains, especially on the eastern slopes, from central Montana, northern Wyoming, and southeastern Idaho into British America to Liard River.

SusceNus CANACHITES Srejnecer.

Canachites STEJN. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 410. Type, Tetrao canadensis LINN.

298. Dendragapus canadensis (Linv.). Canada Grouse. Tetrao canadensis LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 159. Dendragapus canadensis TURNER, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 245. i 469,/C > 280,R) 472, (© pcg.

Geoc. Dist.— British America, east of the Rocky Mountains, and west in Alaska to the Pacific coast at Kadiak and St. Michaels, southeastward to northern Minnesota, northern Michigan, northern New York, and northern New England.

299. Dendragapus franklinii (Douct.). Franklin’s Grouse. Tetrao franklinii Doucu. Trans. Linn. Soc. XVI. ili. 1829, 139. Dendragapus franklini Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 350° [B 461, C 380a, R 472a, C 556.]

Groc. Dist.— Northern Rocky Mountains, from northwestern Montana to the coast ranges of Oregon and Washington, and _ north- ward in British America, reaching the Pacific coast of southern Alaska (lat. 60° N.).

I1i2 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Grenus BONASA STEPHENS.

Bonasa StepuH. Gen. Zool. XI. 1819, 298. Type, Zetrao umbellus LINN.

300. Bonasa umbellus (Liny.). Ruffed Grouse.

Tetrao umbellus Linn. 5S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 275. Bonasa umbellus StePH. Gen. Zool. XI. 1819, 300.

[B 465, C 385, R 473, C 565.] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States and southern Canada, west to Minnesota, south in the mountains to northern Georgia, Mississippi,

and Arkansas.

300 a. Bonasa umbellus togata (LINN.). Canadian Ruffed Grouse.

Tetrao togatus LINN. S. N. ed. 12, 1766, 275. Bonasa umbellus togata Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, Shey [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— The spruce forests of northern New England, northern New York, and the British Provinces, west to Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia, north to James Bay.

300 4. Bonasa umbellus umbelloides (Doucl1.). Gray Ruffed Grouse.

Tetrao umbelloides Doucu. Trans. Linn. Soc. XVI. iii. 1829, 148. Bonasa umbellus var. umbelloides Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 925. [B 465%, C 385a, R 473a, C 566.] Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region of the United States and British America, north to Alaska, east to Manitoba.

300 ¢c. Bonasa umbellus sabini (Douct.). Oregon Ruffed Grouse. Tetrao sabini Doucu. Trans. Linn. Soc. XVI. ili. 1829, 137. Bonasa umbellus var. sabinei COUES, Key, 1872, 235.

ORDER GALLIN. rig

[B 466, C 3854, R 4734, C 567-]

Geoc. Dist.— Coast ranges of northern California, Oregon, Wash- ington, and British Columbia.

Genus LAGOPUS Brisson. Lagopus Briss. Ornith, I. 1760, 181. Type, Zetrao lagopus LINN.

301. Lagopus lagopus (LInv.).

Willow Ptarmigan. Tetrao lagopus LINN. S. N. ed. ro, I. 1758, 159. Lagopus lagopus STEJN. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 20. [B 467, 470, C 386, R 474, C 568. ]

Groc. Dist.— Arctic regions; in America south to Sitka and the British Provinces. Breeding range restricted to the arctic and sub- arctic regions, mainly north of 55° N. lat. Accidental in New England (Bangor, Me., and Essex Co., Mass.).

301a. Lagopus lagopus alleni Srejn.

Allen’s Ptarmigan. Lagopus alba allent SvEJN. Auk, I. Oct. 1884, 369. Lagopus lagopus allent St¥jN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 20. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Newfoundland.

302. Lagopus rupestris (GMEL.). Rock Ptarmigan. Tetrao rupestris GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 751. Lagopus rupestris LEACH, Zool. Misc. II. 1817, 290.

[B 468, C 387, R 475, C 569.] Groc. Dist.— Arctic America (except the northern extremity),

from Alaska to Labrador and the Gulf of St. Lawrence; portions of Greenland ; Aleutian Islands.

Tia CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

302.a. Lagopus rupestris reinhardi (BREH™M). Reinhardt’s Ptarmigan. Tetrao reinhardi BREHM, Lehrb. Eur. Vog. 1823, 440. Lagopus rupestris reinhardti Buasius, List Eur. B. 1862, 16. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Greenland, western shores of Cumberland Gulf, and northern extremity of Labrador.

302 4. Lagopus rupestris nelsoni STEJN. Nelson’s Ptarmigan.

Lagopus rupestris nelsoni Sv¥JN. Auk, I. July, 1884, 226. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Unalaska, and some adjacent Aleutian Islands.

302c. Lagopus rupestris atkhensis (TURNER). Turner’s Ptarmigan. Lagopus mutus atkhensis TURNER, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. July 29, 1882, 227, 230. Lagopus rupestris atkhensis NELSON, Cruise Corwin, 1883, 56 e+ 82. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Atka, one of the Aleutian Islands.

303. Lagopus welchi Brewst. Welch’s Ptarmigan.

Lagopus welchit Brewst. Auk, II. April, 1885, 194. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Newfoundland.

304. Lagopus leucurus Swains. & RICH. White-tailed Ptarmigan. Lagopus leucurus Swains. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Amer. II. 1831, pl. 63. [B 469, C 388, R 476, C 570.] Geoc. Dist.— Alpine summits of the mountains of western North America, from New Mexico to Liard River, British America, west on the highest ranges of Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia.

ORDER GALLIN&. IIS

Genus TYMPANUCHUS G1iocer.

Tympanuchus GLOGER, Gemeinnutzig. Hand. und Hilfsbuch Naturg. 1842, 396. Type, Zetrao cupido LINN.

305. Tympanuchus americanus (REICH.). Prairie Hen. Cupidonia americanus Reicu. Syst. Av. 1852, p. xxix; based on Vollst. Naturg. Htihnen. pl. 217, figs. 1896-1898. Tympanuchus americanus Ripcw. Auk, Jan. III. 1886, 133. [B 464, C 384, R 477, € 563.]

Groc. Dist.— Prairies of the Mississippi Valley ; south to Louisi- ana and Texas, east to Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Ontario; west through eastern portions of North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, and the Indian Territory ; north to Man- itoba; general tendency to extension of range westward and con- traction eastward; migration north and south in Minnesota, Iowa, and Missouri.

305 a. Tympanuchus americanus attwateri (BENpIRE). Attwater’s Prairie Hen.

Tympanuchus attwatert BENDIRE, Forest and Stream, XL. No. 20, May 18, 1893, 425. Lympanuchus americanus attwateri A.O. U. Check-List, 6th Suppl. Auk, XI. April, 1894, 130. [B 464, part, C 384, part, R 477, part, C 563, part. |

Geoc. Dist.— Coast region of Louisiana and Texas.

306. Tympanuchus cupido (Linv.). Heath Hen.

Tetrao cupido LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 160. Tympanuchus cupido Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885,

359: [B 464, part, C 384, part, R 477, part, C 563 part.) Geos. Dist.— Island of Martha’s Vineyard, Mass. (Formerly southern New England and parts of the Middle States.)

116 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

307. Tympanuchus pallidicinctus Ripvcw. Lesser Prairie Hen. Cupidonia cupido var. pallidicincta RipGw. Bull. Essex Inst. V. Dec. 1873, 199- Tympanuchus pallidicinctus Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355- [B—, C 384a, R 4774, C 564.] Geroc. Disr.— Eastern edge of the Great Plains from western and

probably southern Texas northward through Indian Territory to Kansas.

Genus PEDIOCASTES Barrp.

Pediocetes BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 625. Type, Zetrao phasta- nellus LINN.

308. Pedioczetes phasianellus (Linn.). Sharp-tailed Grouse. Tetrao phasianellus LINN. 5. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 160. Pediocetes phasianellus Evuiot, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 403 (nec Bairp, 1858, qui subsp. columbianus).

[B—, C 383, R 478, C 561.]

Groc. Dist.— Interior of British America, from Lake Superior and Hudson Bay to Fort Simpson.

308 a. Pediocztes phasianellus columbianus (Orp). Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse. Phasianus columbianus ORD, GUTHRIE’S Geog. 2d Am. ed. II. TODS, 317 Pedicecetes phastanellus var. columbianus Cours, Key, 1872, 234. [B 463, C 383a, R 478a, C 562.]

Geoc. Dist.— Plains of the northwestern United States and British Columbia to central portions of Alaska; northward chiefly west of the main Rocky Mountains; eastward in Montana and Wyoming ; southward to Utah, northern Nevada, and northeastern California.

ORDER GALLIN. 117

308 4. Pedioczetes phasianellus campestris Ripcw. Prairie Sharp-tailed Grouse.

Lediecetes phasianellus campestris Rrpcw. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. II. April ro, 1884, 93. [B—, C—, R—, C—]

Geoc. Dist.— Plains and prairies of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains; north to Manitoba; east to Wisconsin and TIli- nois ; south to New Mexico.

Genus CENTROCERCUS Swainson.

Centrocercus Swains. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 358, 496. Type, Zétrao urophasianus BoNnaP.

809. Centrocerecus urophasianus (Bonap.). Sage Grouse. Letrao urophasianus Bona. Zool. Journ. III. 16275 203) Centrocercus urophasianus Swains. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am, IT. 1831, 497, pl. 58. [B 462, C 382, R 479, C 560.]

Groce. Dist.— Sage regions of the Rocky Mountain plateau and westward, chiefly within the United States, but north to Assiniboia and the dry interior of British Columbia; east to North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, and Colorado; south to northern New Mexico, Utah, and Nevada; west in California, Oregon and Wash- ington to the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Range.

FaMity PHASIANIDZ. Pueasants, erc. SUBFAMILY MELEAGRINZA. Turkeys.

Genus MELEAGRIS Linnzus.

Meleagris Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 156. Type, JZ. gallo- pavo LINN.

118 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

310. Meleagris gallopavo LINN. Wild Turkey.

Meleagris gallopavo LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 156.

[B 457, C 379, R 470a, C 554.]

Geroc. Dist.— United States, from Chesapeake Bay to the Gulf coast, and west to the Plains, along wooded river valleys ; formerly north to southern Maine, southern Ontario, and up the Missouri River to North Dakota.

310 a. Meleagris gallopavo mexicana (GouLD). Mexican Turkey.

Meleagris mexicana GOULD, P. Z. S. 1856, 61. Meleagris gallopavo var. mexicana BatrD, Hist. N. Am. B. III. 1874, 410. [B 458, C 379, R 470, C 553-] Geoc. Dist.— Southwestern United States, from western Texas to Arizona; south over the tablelands of Mexico.

3104. Meleagris gallopavo osceola Scort. Florida Wild Turkey.

Meleagris gallopavo osceola Scort, Auk, VII. Oct. 1890, 376.

[B 457, part, C 3794, part, R 4704, part, C 554, part. | Groc. Dist.— Southern Florida.

310c. Meleagris gallopavo ellioti SENNETT. Rio Grande Turkey.

Meleagris gallopavo ellioti SENNETT, Auk, IX. April, 1892, 167, pl. iii. [B 458, part, C 379, part, R 470, part, C 553, part]

Groc. Dist.— Lowlands of southern Texas and northeastern Mexico.

ORDER COLUMB. 11g

SUBORDER PENELOPES. Curassows anp GUANS.

Famity CRACIDA. Curassows AnD GUANS.

SUBFAMILY PENELOPINZA. Guans.

Genus ORTALIS Merrem.

Ortalis MERR. Av. Rar. Icones et Desc. II. 1786, 40. Type, Phasianus motmot LINN.

311. Ortalis vetula maccalli Barirp. Chachalaca.

Ortalida maccalli Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 611. Ortalida vetula var. maccalli Baird, Hist. N. Am. B. III. 1874,

398. [B 456, C 378, R 469, C 552.]

Geoc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande, and southward in Mexico to Vera Cruz.

ORDER COLUMB. PIGEONS.

Famity COLUMBID ZS. Piceons.

Genus COLUMBA LiInN«vws.

Columba Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 162. Type, by elimination, C. enas LINN.

312. Columba fasciata Say. Band-tailed Pigeon.

Columba fasciata Say, Lone’s Exp. II. 1823, ro.

I20 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 445, C 367, R 456, C 539.]

Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific; north to Washington and British Columbia; south to Mexico and the highlands of Guatemala; distribution irregular, chiefly in wooded mountain regions.

312a. Columba fasciata vioscz BrewstT. Viosca’s Pigeon.

Columba fasciata viosce BREwsT. Auk, V. Jan. 1888, 86. (B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Lower California.

313. Columba flavirostris WacL. Red-billed Pigeon. Columba flavirostris WAGL. Isis, 1831, 519. [B 446, C 368, R 457, C 540.| Geroc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States, from Ari- zona and the Rio Grande Valley south to Costa Rica, breeding throughout its United States range.

314. Columba leucocephala Linn. White-crowned Pigeon.

Columba leucocephala LiANN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 164. [B 447, C 369, R 458, C 541.] Groc. Dist.— Southern Keys of Florida, the Bahamas, the

Greater Antilles and some of the Lesser Antilles, and the coast of Honduras.

Genus ECTOPISTES Swainson.

LEctopistes Swains. Zool. Journ. III. 1827, 362. Type, Columba migratoria LINN.

315. Ectopistes migratorius (LINN.). Passenger Pigeon.

Columba migratoria Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 285 (3). Ectopistes migratoria Swans. Zool. Journ. III. 1827, 362.

ORDER COLUMB. 121

[B 448, C 370, R 459, C 543.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, from Hudson Bay south- ward, and west to the Great Plains, straggling thence to Nevada and Washington. Breeding range now mainly restricted to portions of the Canadas and the northern border of the United States, as far west as Manitoba and the Dakotas.

Genus ZENAIDURA Bonaparte.

Zenaidura BONAP. Consp. Av. II. Dec. 18 54,84. Type, Columba carolinensis LINN. = C. macroura LINN.

316. Zenaidura macroura (Linvy.). Mourning Dove.

Columba macroura LINN. S. N. ed. 10, 1758, 164 (part). Zenaidura macroura Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIIT. 1885, 355.

[B 451, C 371, R 460, C 544.] Groc. Dist.— Temperate North America; from southern Maine, southern Canada, and British Columbia, south to Panama and the West Indies, breeding throughout its North American range.

Genus ZENAIDA Bonaparte.

Zenaida Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 41. Type, Columba zenaida BONAP.

317. Zenaida zenaida (Bonap.). Zenaida Dove.

Columba zenaida Bonap. Jour. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. V. 1825, 30. Zenaida zenaida Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355.

[B 449, C 372, R 462, C 545.] Groc. Dist.— Florida Keys, Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica, Porto Rico, Santa Cruz, Sombrero, and coast of Yucatan.

Genus LEPTOTILA Swainson.

Leptotila Swains. Class. Bds. Il. 1837, 349. Type, P [eristera]. rufaxilla Selby, Nat. Libr. V. pl. 24.

122 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

318. Leptotila fulviventris brachyptera (SaLvapor!). White-fronted Dove.

Leptoptila brachyptera Sauvaporti, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus. XXI. 1893, P- 545: Leptotila fulviventris brachyptera A. O. U. Check-List, 7th Suppl. Auk, XII, April, 1895, 167. [B—, C—, R 463, C 542.| Groc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, and southward to Nicaragua.

GENUS MELOPELIA Bonaparte.

Melopelia Bonar. Consp. Av. II. Dec. 1854, 81. Type, Columba leucoptera LINN.

319. Melopelia leucoptera (LINN.).

White-winged Dove. Columba leucoptera LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 164. Melopelia leucoptera Bonar. Consp. Av. II. Dec. 1354, 81.

[B 450, C 373, R 464, C 546.]

Geroc. Disr.— Southern border of the United States, from Florida, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Lower California, southward to Costa Rica and the West Indies; Cuba; Jamaica; straggles north- ward to Colorado. Breeding range, in the United States, southern Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.

Genus COLUMBIGALLINA Bote.

Columbigallina Bork, Isis, 1826,977. ‘Type, Columba passerina LINN.

320. Columbigallina passerina terrestris Cuapm. Ground Dove.

Columba passerina LINN. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, I. 1758, 165. Columbigallina passerina terrestris CHAPMAN, Bull Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., IV, 1892, 292 [B 453, C 374, R 465, C 547.] Geoc. Disr.— South Atlantic and Gulf States; West Indies and northern South America. Breeding, in the United States, from South Carolina to Louisiana, chiefly coastwise. ;

ORDER COLUMB/%. 123

320 a. Columbigallina passerina pallescens (Bairp). Mexican Ground Dove.

Chamepelia passerina ? var. pallescens BAIRD, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1859, 305. Columbigallina passerina pallescens FERRARI-PEREZ, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. IX, 1886, 175. [B 453, part, C 374, part, R 465, part, C 547, part.| Groc. Dist.— Mexico, and contiguous territory of United States from Texas to Lower California; south on both Mexican coasts to Central America.

Genus SCARDAFPELLA Bonaparte.

Scardafella Bonap. Consp. Av. II. Dec. 1854, 85. Type, Columba sguamosa TEMM.

321. Scardafella inca (Less.). Inca Dove.

Chamepelia inca Lesson, Descr. Mam. et Ois. 1847, 211. Scardafella inca Bonar. Consp. Av. II. Dec. 1854, 85. [B 452, C 375, R 466, C 549.| Grog. Dist.— Rio Grande Vailey, southern Arizona, and Lower California, south to Nicaragua.

Genus GEHOTRYGON Gosse.

Geotrygon GossE, B. Jam. 1847, 316, foot-note. Type, G. sylvatica GossE = Columba cristata TEMM.

[3822.] Geotrygon martinica (Linvn.). Key West Quail-Dove. Columba martinica LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 283. Geotrygon martinica BonaP. Consp. Av. II. Dec. 1854, 74. [B 454, C 376, R 467, C 550.] Groc. Dist.— Key West, and some of the other Florida Keys; Bahamas; Cuba; Hayti.

I24 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[322.1.] Geotrygon montana (Linv.). Ruddy Quail-Dove. Columba montana Linn. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 163.

Geotrygon montana BonaP. Consp. II, Dec. 1854, 72. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Tropical America in general, including West Indies ; north to Cuba and eastern Mexico; accidental at Key West,

Florida.

Genus STARNCENAS Bonaparte.

Starnenas Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 41. Type, Columba cyanocephala LINN.

[323.] Starnoenas cyanocephala (LinNv.). Blue-headed Quail-dove.

Columba cyanocephala Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 163. Starnenas cyanocephala Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 41.

[B 455, € 377, R 468, C 551-] Groc. Dist.— Florida Keys and Cuba.

OrpER) RAPTORES. \Birps’ oni PRex

SUBORDER SARCORHAMPHI. AMERICAN VULTURES.

Famity CATHARTIDZA. AMERICAN VULTURES.

Genus PSHUDOGRYPHUS Riveway.

Pseudogryphus Ripew. Hist. N. Am. B. III. Jan. 1874, 337, 338. Type, Vultur californianus SHAW.

ORDER RAPTORES. 125

324. Pseudogryphus californianus (SHaw). California Vulture.

Vultur californianus Suaw, Nat. Misc. IX. 1797, pl. ccci. Pseudogryphus californianus Ripcw. Hist. N. Am. B. III. 1874, 338. (B27 C364, Rl aes @inaau Geoc. Dist.— Coast ranges of southern California from Monterey Bay southward into Lower California ; formerly north to Frazer River.

Genus CATHARTES ILticer.

Cathartes ILuiG. Prodr. 1811, 236. Type, by elimination, Vu/tur aura LINN.

325. Cathartes aura (Linv.). Turkey Vulture.

Vultur aura LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 86. Cathartes aura Sp1x, Aves Bras. I. 1825, 2.

[B 1, C 365, R 454, C 537: Geoc. Dist.— Temperate North America, from New Jersey, Ohio Valley, Saskatchewan region, and British Columbia southward to Patagonia and the Falkland Islands. Casual in New England.

Genus CATHARISTA VIEeILtor.

Catharista ViEILL. Analyse, 1816, 21. Type, by elimination, Vultur atratus BARTR.

326. Catharista atrata (BaRTR.). Black Vulture. Vultur atratus BaRTR. Tray. Car. 1792, 285. Catharista atrata GRAY, Handl. I. 1869, 3. [B 3, C 366, R 455, C 538.]

Groc. Dist.— South Atlantic and Gulf States, north regularly to North Carolina and the lower Ohio Valley, west to the Great Plains, and south through Mexico and Central America, the West Indies, and most of South America. Straggling north to New York, New Eng- land, and South Dakota. Breeds in the United States from North Carolina coastwise to Texas, and in the interior to Indiana, Illinois, and Kansas.

126 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

SUBORDER FALCONES. VuLTuRES, FALCONS, Hawks, BuzzArps, EAGLEs, KITES, HARRIERS, ETC.

Famity FALCONIDZAS. Vuttures, Fatcons, Hawks, EAGLEs, RTC,

SuspraAMILY ACCIPITRINZS. Kires, Buzzarps, HAawKs, GoSHAWKS, EAGLES, ETC.

Genus ELANOIDES VIEILLot.

Elanoides Vieitu. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXIV. 1818, ror. Type, Falco furcatus = F. forficatus LYNN.

327. Elanoides forficatus (LInn.). Swallow-tailed Kite. Falco forficatus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 89. Elanoides forficatus Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1875, 345.

[B 34, C 337, R 426, C 493.]

Groc. Dist.— United States, especially in the interior, from the Carolinas and Minnesota southward, throughout Central and South America; westward to the Great Plains. Casual eastward to south- ern New England, and northward to Manitoba and Assiniboia. Breeding range irregularly coincident with general distribution in the United States. Accidental in England.

Genus ELANUS Savieny.

Elanus Savic. Descr. de l Egypte, 1809, 97. Type, &. cestus = Kalco melanopterus Daud.

328. Elanus leucurus (VIEILL.). White-tailed Kite.

Milvus leucurus ViELu. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XX. 1818, 563 (errore 556). Elanus leucurus Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 4.

ORDER RAPTORES. 127

[B35, C 336, R 427, C 492.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southern United States, from South Carolina and southern [Illinois to Texas and California, southward to Chili and Argentine Republic; casual in Michigan. Breeds irregularly throughout its general distribution in the United States.

Genus ICTINIA VIeEILuor.

Lctinia VIEILL. Analyse, 1816, 24. Type, Falco mississippiensis WILs.

329. Ictinia mississippiensis (WILS.). Mississippi Kite. Falco mississippiensis Wits. Am. Orn, III. 1811, 80, pl. 25, fig. 1. LIctinia mississippiensis GRAY, Gen. B. I. 1845, 26. [B26 Cac) Rig2s Cag.

Geoc. Dist.— Southern United States, east of the Rocky Moun- tains; southward regularly from South Carolina on the coast, and casually from Pennsylvania, Wisconsin and [Iowa in the interior, to Guatemala.

Genus ROSTRHAMUS Lesson.

Rostrhamus Less. Traité, 1831, 55. Type, Falco hamatus ILLIc.

350. Rostrhamus sociabilis (VI£ILL.). Everglade Kite.

flerpetotheres sociabilis V1EILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XVIII. 1817, 318. Rostrhamus sociabilis D’ORB. Voy. Ois. II. 1847, 73. [B 37, C 334, R 429, C 490.] Geroc. Dist.— Florida, Cuba, eastern Mexico, Central America, and eastern South America, to the Argentine Republic.

Genus CIRCUS LactpeEpe.

Circus Lackp. Mem. de l’'Inst. III. 1801, 506. Type, Falco cyaneus LINN.

128 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

331. Circus hudsonius (LInNv.). Marsh Hawk.

Falco hudsonius Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 128. Circus hudsonius VYEILL. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, pl. 9. [B 38, C 333, R 430, C 489.] Groc. Dist.— North America in general; south to Panama and Cuba. Breeds throughout its North American range.

Genus ACCIPITER Brisson.

SuBGENUs ACCIPITER.

Accipiter Briss. Orn. I. 1760, 310. Type, by elimination, Falco nisus LINN.

332. Accipiter velox (WILS.). Sharp-shinned Hawk.

Falco velox Wits. Am. Orn. V. 1812, 116, pl. 45, fig. 1. Accipiter velox Vicors, Zool. Journ. I. 1824, 338. (B27; (C238.0R ag2, C Aga,

Geroc. Dist.— North America in general; south to Panama. Breeds throughout its North American range.

333. Accipiter cooperii (Bonap.). Cooper’s Hawk.

Falco coopertt Bonar. Am. Orn. II. 1828, 1, pl. x. fig. 1. Accipiter coopert Gray, List B. Brit. Mus. Accipitres, 1844, 38.

[B 15, 16, C 339, R 431, C 495.]

Groc. Dist.— North America, from southern British America south to southern Mexico. Breeds throughout its range.

SuBGENusS ASTUR Lac£pEDE.

Astur Lackr. Mem. de l’Inst. III. 1801, 505. Type, Falco palumbarius LINN.

ORDER RAPTORES. 129

334. Accipiter atricapillus (WILS.). American Goshawk.

Falco atricapillus Wits. Am. Orn. VI. 1812, 80, pl. 52, fig. 3. Accipiter atricapillus SEEBOHM, Brit. Birds, I. 1883, iv.

[B 14, C 340, R 433, C 496.] Groc. Dist.— Northern and eastern North America, south in winter to the Middle States and southern Rocky Mountain region;

casually west to Oregon. Accidental in England. Breeding range restricted to the Canadian Fauna of the United States and northward.

334 a. Accipiter atricapillus striatulus Ripcw. Western Goshawk. Astur atricapillus var. striatulus Rrpcw. in Hist. N. Am. B. III.

1874, 240. Accipiter atricapillus striatulus Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII.

TOO5, 355. e — R 433% C 497-] Geroc. Dist.— Western North America; north to Sitka, Alaska ;

south to California; east to Idaho. Breeds in the Sierra Nevada south to Lat. 38°.

Genus PARABUTEO Ruincway.

Parabuteo Ripew. in Hist. N. Am. B, III. Jan. 1874, 250. Type, falco harrist AuD.

330. Parabuteo unicinctus harrisi (AvD.). Harris’s Hawk. falco harristi AuD. B. Am. V. 1839, 30, pl. 392. Parabuteo unicinctus var. harrisi RipGw. in Hist. N. Am. B. III. Jan. 1874, 250;

[B 46, C 348, R 434, C 512.] Geroc. Dist.— Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, southern New Mex- ico, southern Arizona, and Lower California; southward to Panama.

Breeds from southern Texas westward to California, and southward. 9

I30 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus BUTHO Cuvier.

Buteo Cuv. Leg. Anat. Comp. I. tabl. ii. Ois. 1779-1800. Type, © Falco buteo LINN.

[336.] Buteo buteo (Linv.). European Buzzard. Falco buteo Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, go. Buteo buteo Licut. Nomencl. Mus. Berol. 1854, 3.

[B—, C—, R435, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Europe and Western Asia. Accidental in North America (Michigan ?).

337. Buteo borealis (GMEL.). Red-tailed Hawk. falco borealis GMEL. 8. N. I. ii. 1788, 266. Buteo borealis ViE1tu. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. IV. 1816, 478.

[B23 iC Vana. UR Ag, 0k ero.) Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to the Great Plains,

north to about Lat. 60°, south to eastern Mexico. Breeds throughout its range, except possibly the extreme southern portion.

337 a. Buteo borealis kriderii Hoopes. Krider’s Hawk.

Buteo borealis var. kriderii Hoorrs, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Poy 2, 23 5..plic. [B—, C 3514 R 436a, C 519.] Geoc. Dist.— Plains of the United States, from Wyoming and the Dakotas to Minnesota, and south to Texas; casual in Iowa and Illinois.

337 6. Buteo borealis calurus (Cass.). Western Red-tail.

Buteo calurus Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VII. 1855, 281. Buteo borealis var. calurus Ripcw. Bull. Essex Inst. V. Nov. 1873, 186.

ORDER RAPTORES. 131

[Bizev24. Czar) Ri agaa C217. |

Geoc. Dist.— Western North America, from the Rocky Moun- tains to the Pacific, south into Mexico; casual east to Illinois.

337 ¢c. Buteo borealis lucasanus Ripew. Saint Lucas Red-tail.

Buteo borealis var. lucasanus RipGw. in CovEs’s Key, 1872, 216 (under B. borealis). [B—, C 3514, R 436¢, C 518.]

Geoc. Dist.— Peninsula of Lower California.

337d. Buteo borealis harlani (Avp.). Harlan’s Hawk.

falco harlant Auv. Orn. Biog. I. 1830, 441, pl. 86. Buteo borealis harlani Ripcw. Auk, VII. April, 1890, p. 205. [Bizz s@ 256, Riggs, Cisne Geoc. Dist.— Gulf States and lower Mississippi Valley, north

casually to Pennsylvania, Iowa, and Kansas; south to Central America.

339. Buteo lineatus (GMEL.). Red-shouldered Hawk.

Falco lineatus GMEL. S. N. I. il. 1788, 268. Buteo lineatus ViEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. IV. 1816, 478. [B 25, C 352, R 439, C 520] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America to Manitoba and Nova Scotia ; west to Texas and the Plains; south to the Gulf States and Mexico. Breeds throughout its range.

339 a. Buteo lineatus alleni Ripcw. Florida Red-shouldered Hawk.

Buteo lineatus allent Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus, VII. Jan. 19, 1885, 514. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geoc. Dist.— South Atlantic and Gulf States, chiefly coastwise from South Carolina to Texas. Breeds throughout its range.

132 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

339 4. Buteo lineatus elegans (Cass.). Red-bellied Hawk.

Buteo elegans Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1855, 281. Buteo lineatus var. elegans Rrpcw. in Hist. N. Am. B. III. Jan.

1874, 257, 277- [B 26,/C 3824, Ragga, C g21.] Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from western Texas to Cal- ifornia and Oregon, south into Lower California, Sonora, and Chihua-

hua. Breeds along the Pacific coast of central Oregon, south to northern Lower California.

340. Buteo abbreviatus Cas. Zone-tailed Hawk.

Buteo abbreviatus Cas. in ScHoMB. Reise Brit. Guian. III. 1848, 739: [B—, C 353, R 440, C 522.] Groc. Dist.— Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and southern Cali- fornia, south to northern South America.

SusGENus TACHYTRIORCHIS Kavp.

Tachytriorchis Kaur, Class. Siug. u. Vég. 1844, 123. Type, Falco pterocles TEMM. = Buteo albicaudatus VYEILL.

341. Buteo albicaudatus sennetti ALLEN. Sennett’s White-tailed Hawk.

Buteo albicaudatus sennetti ALLEN, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. V. 1893, 144. [B—, C—, R 441, C 513.] Geoc. Dist. — Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas, and southward into Mexico.

342. Buteo swainsoni Bonap. Swainson’s Hawk.

Buteo swainsonit Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 3.

ORDER RAPTORES. 133

[B 18, 19, 21, 28, C 354; R 442, C 523:

Geroc. Dist.— Western North America, from Wisconsin, Illinois, Arkansas, and Texas to the Pacific coast; north to the arctic regions, and south to Argentine Republic. Casual east to Maine and Massa- chusetts. Breeds nearly throughout its North American range.

343. Buteo latissimus (WILS.). Broad-winged Hawk.

Falco latissimus Wits. Am. Orn. VI. 1812, 92, pl. 54, fig. 1. Buteo latissimus SHARPE, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. I. Accip. 1874, 193. [B 27, C 355, R 443, C 524.] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, from New Brunswick and the Saskatchewan region to Texas and Mexico, and thence south-

ward to northern South America and the West Indies. Breeds throughout its United States range.

SuBGENUS BUTHOLA BonNaParTeE.

Buteola Bonar. Compt. Rend. XLI. 1855, 651. Type, Buteo brachyurus VYEILL.

344. Buteo brachyurus VIEILL. Short-tailed Hawk.

Buteo brachyurus ViEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. IV. 1816, 477. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Mexico, Central America, and most of South Amer- ica, north to Florida, where it regularly breeds.

GENus URUBITINGA Lesson.

Urubitinga Less. Rev. Zool. 1839, 132. Type, Malco urubitinga GMEL.

345. Urubitinga anthracina (Licnt.). Mexican Black Hawk.

Falco anthracinus Licut. Preis-Verz. 1830, 3. Urubitinga anthracina LAFR. Rev. Zool. 1848, 241.

134 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B—, C—, R 444, C 528.]

Groc. Dist.— Lower Rio Grande Valley and Arizona, southward to northern South America.

Genus ASTURINA VIEILLOT. Asturina ViEiLu. Analyse, 1816, 24. Type, Falco nitidus GMEL.

346. Asturina plagiata SCHLEGEL. Mexican Goshawk.

Asturina ‘plagiata “LicHT.” SCHLEGEL, Mus. P. B. Asturine, 1862, I. [B 33, C 358, R 445, C 527.] Geroc. Dist. —Southwestern border of the United States, south- ward to Panama.

Genus ARCHIBUTEO Breum. Archibuteo BREHM, Isis, 1828, 1269. Type, Malco lagopus GMEL.

[347.] Archibuteo lagopus (Brinv.). Rough-legged Hawk.

Falco lagopus BRUNN. Orn. Bor. 1764, 4. Archibuteo lagopus Gray, List Gen. B. ed. 2, 1841, 3.

[B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World; Alaska (?).

347a. Archibuteo lagopus sancti-johannis (GMEL.). American Rough-legged Hawk.

Falco sancti-johannis GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 273. Archibuteo lagopus var. sanctijohannis COUES, Key, 1872, 218. Bison srs 306, wR Again ert Geroc. Dist.— North America north of Mexico, breeding north of the United States (excepting in Alaska).

ORDER RAPTORES. 135

348. Archibuteo ferrugineus (LIcHT.). Ferruginous Rough-Leg.

Falco ferrugineus Licut. Abh. K. Akad. Berl. 1838, 428. Archibuteo ferrugineus GRAY, Gen. B. fol. ed. 1849, 12. [Bi32, C357, R448, C526. Grog. Dist.— Western North America, from the Plains (eastern North Dakota to Texas) westward to the Pacific, and from the Sas- katchewan region south into Mexico; casually east to Illinois.

Breeds from Utah, Colorado, and Kansas northward to the Saskatch- ewan Plains.

Genus AQUILA Brisson.

Aguila Briss. Orn. I. 1760, 419. Type, ako chrysaétos LINN. 349. Aquila chrysaétos (Liny.). Golden Eagle. Falco chrysaétos LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 88. Aquila chrysaétos DuMonrT, Dict. Sci. Nat. I. 1816, 339. [B29.\@ 360, RoA49, C532. Groc. Dist.— North America, south to Mexico, and northern

parts of the Old World. Breeding range in the United States, prac- tically restricted to the mountainous parts of unsettled regions.

Genus THRASAETOS Garay.

Lhrasaétos Gray, P. Z. S. 1837 (June, 1838), 108. Type, Vultur harpyia LINN.

[850.] Thrasaétos harpyia (Linn.). Harpy Eagle. Vultur harpyia LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 86. Thrasaétos harpyia Gray, P.Z. S. 1837 (June, 1838), 108. [B—, C—, R 450, C 631.] Groc. Dist.— Lower Rio Grande Valley, casual; south to Para- guay. Louisiana (?).

136 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus HALIZEETUS Savieny.

Ffalieetus SavicNny, Descr. de Egypte, 1809, 35. Type, Falco albicilla LINN.

[351.] Halizeetus albicilla (Linv.). Gray Sea Eagle.

Falco albicitla LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 89. LfTalieetus albicilla LEACH, Syst. Cat. M. B. Br. Mus. 1816, 9. [B 42, C—, R 452, C 533-] Geroc. Dist.— Northern Europe and Asia; Greenland. 302. Halizeetus leucocephalus (Linv.). Bald Eagle. Falco leucocephalus Linn. 8. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 124. Halieetus leucocephalus Bote, Isis, 1822, 548. [B 41, 43,/C 362, Ria5r1,\C, 534.) Geoc. Dist.— North America at large, south to Mexico, north-

west through the Aleutian Islands to Kamchatka. Breeds locally throughout its range.

SUBFAMILY FALCONINZE. Fatcons. GENus FALCO Linn2zus.

Falco Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 88. Type, by elimination, F.. subbuteo LINN.

SuBGENUS HIBROFALCO Cuvier.

fTierofalco Cuv. Rég. An. I. 1817, 312. Type, alco candicans GMEL.= /. islandus BRUNN.

353. Falco islandus Brinn. White Gyrfalcon.

Falco islandus BRUNN. Orn. Bor. 1764, 2.

ORDER RAPTORES. 137

(Birt, C 341a= Ri4n2, C)5on.] Geoc. Dist.— Arctic regions, including Arctic America and Greenland, wandering south in winter to Labrador and northern Maine.

354. Falco rusticolus LInn. Gray Gyrfalcon.

falco rusticolus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 38. [B 12, C—, R 4124, C 500.| Geroc. Dist.— Arctic regions, including Iceland, southern Green- land, and Arctic America, straggling southward in winter.

3542. Falco rusticolus gyrfalco (Linn.). Gyrfalcon. Falco gyrfalco Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 91. falco rusticolus gyrfalco StTEJN. Auk, II. 1885, 187. [B—, C 341, R 4124, C 498.] Geroc. Dist.— Northern Europe, Greenland, and Arctic America,

from northern Labrador and Hudson Bay to Alaska; rarely south in winter to New England (Massachusetts and Rhode Island).

3544, Falco rusticolus obsoletus (GMEL.). Black Gyrfalcon.

falco obsoletus GMEL. S. N. I. i. 1788, 268. Falco rusticolus obsoletus StEJN. Auk, II. 1885, 187. [B—, C—, R 412¢, C 499.] Geroc. Dist.— Labrador, south in winter to Canada, Maine, and New York.

355. Falco mexicanus SCHLEG. Prairie Falcon. falco mexicanus SCHLEG. Abh. Geb. Zool. 1841, 15. [iB ino, Ci s4e) Ri4ns, 'C coz.]

Geroc. Dist.— United States, from the eastern border of the Plains to the Pacific, and from the Dakotas south into Mexico; casual eastward to Illinois. Breeds throughout its United States range.

138 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

SuBGENUS RHYNCHODON Nirzscu.

Rhynchodon Nirzscu, Pterylog. 1840, 78. Type, by elimina- tion, Lalco peregrinus LATH.

356. Falco peregrinus anatum (Bonap.). Duck Hawk.

Falco anatum Bonav. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 4. Falco peregrinus B. anatum Buastius, List B. Eur. 1862, 3. [B 5, 6,,C 343, R414, C503] Groc. Dist.— North America at large, and south to Chili. Breeds locally throughout most of its United States range.

356 a. Falco peregrinus pealei Ripew. Peale’s Falcon.

Falco communis var. pealei Ripcw. Bull. Essex Inst. V. Dec. $O7 3.20%.

Falco peregrinus pealei Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. III. Aug. 24, 1880, 192. [B—, C 343@, R 4144, C 504.) Geoc. Dist.— Pacific coast region of North America, from Oregon

to the Aleutian and Commander Islands, breeding throughout its range.

SuBGENUS SALON Kaup.

Aisalon Kaup, Skizz. Entw.-Gesch. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 40. Type, falco esalon GMEL. = F. regulus PALL.

357. Falco columbarius Linn. Pigeon Hawk. Falco columbarius LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, go. [B4; C 344, R'477,,Cigon.) Geoc. Dist.— The whole of North America, south to the West

Indies and northern South America. Breeds chiefly north of the United States.

ww

ORDER RAPTORES. 139

357 a. Falco columbarius suckleyi Ripcw. Black Merlin.

falco columbarius var. suckleyi RrpGw. Bull. Essex Inst. V. Dec. 1972201. [B—, C 344a, R 417a, C 506.]

Groc. Dist.— Northwest coast region of North America, from California to Sitka; eastward in Oregon and Washington.

398. Falco richardsonii Rivcw. Richardson’s Merlin.

Falco (Hypotriorchis) richardsonii Ripcw. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Dec. 1870, 145. [B—, C 345, R 418, C 507.] Geoc. Dist.— Interior and western plains of North America, from

the Mississippi River to the Pacific coast, and from the Saskatch- ewan region to Texas, Arizona, and probably into Mexico.

[358.1.] Falco regulus Patt. Merlin. Falco reouli MAIL Reis. Russ. Reichs. II. 1773, Anhang, 707. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geoc. Dist.— Europe, Asia, and Africa; accidental in Greenland.

SuBGENUS RH YNCHOFALCO Rinveway.

Rhynchofalco Ripew. Pr. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 1873, 46. Type, Falco femoralis TEMM. = F. fusco-cerulescens VIEILL.

359. Falco fusco-ccerulescens VIEILL. Aplomado Falcon.

Falco fusco-cerulescens ViEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XI. 1817, go. [Bio Cigai mato, C cnr.

Geoc. Dist.— Southern Texas, New Mexico and Arizona, south to Patagonia.

I40 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

SusGENus TINNUNCULUS VieiLLot. Tinnunculus VixILu. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, 39.

[359.1.] Falco tinnunculus Linn. Kestrel.

falco tinnunculus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, go. [B—, C—, R 422, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Europe and northern Asia; accidental in Massa- chusetts.

360. Falco sparverius LInn. American Sparrow Hawk.

falco sparvertus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, go. [B 13, C 346, 3464, R 420, 420a, C 508, 509.] Groc. Dist.— North America, east of the Rocky Mountains, and from Great Slave Lake south to northern South America.

360 a. Falco sparverius deserticolus MEarwns. Desert Sparrow Hawk.

falco sparverius deserticolus MEARNS, Auk, IX. July, 1892, 263. [B 13, part, C 346, part, R 420, part, C 508, part.| Groc. Dist.— Western United States, north to eastern British Columbia and western Montana, south to Mazatlan in northwestern Mexico.

360 4. Falco sparverius peninsularis Mearns. St. Lucas Sparrow Hawk.

Falco sparverius peninsularis MEARNS, Auk, IX. July, 1892, 267. [B 13, part, C 346, part, R 420, part, C 508, part.| Geroc. Dist.— Lower California.

[361.] Falco dominicensis GMEL. Cuban Sparrow Hawk.

Falco dominicensis GMEL. Syst. Nat. I. i. 1788, 288. [B—, C—, R 421, C 510.] Geroc. Dist.— Cuba; casual in Florida.

ORDER RAPTORES. 141

Genus POLYBORUS VIEILLOT.

Polyborus Vieti. Analyse, 1816, 22. Type, Malo tharus Mou.

362. Polyborus cheriway (JaAcq.).

Audubon’s Caracara. Falco cheriway Jacq. Beitr. 1784, 17, tab. 4. Polyborus cheriway Cag. in ScHoms. Reise Brit. Guiana, III. 1848, 741: [B 45, C 363, R 423, C 535-1 Groc. Dist.— Florida, Texas, Arizona, and Lower California, south to Ecuador and Guiana. Breeds throughout its United States range and southward.

363. Polyborus lutosus Ripew. Guadalupe Caracara. Polyborus lutosus Ripcw. Bull. U. S. Geog. & Geol. Surv, Terr. No. 6, 2d ser. Feb. 8, 1876, 459. [B—, C—, R424, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Guadalupe Island, Lower California.

SuBFAMILY PANDIONINZ. Ospreys. Genus PANDION Saviecny.

Pandion Savicn. Descr. de Egypte, Ois. 1809, 95. Type, Falco haliaétus LINN.

364. Pandion haliaetus carolinensis (GmeL.). American Osprey.

Falco carolinensis GMEL. S. N. I. i. 1788, 263. Pandion haliaétus carolinensis Ripcw. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Dec. 1870, 143. [B 44, C 360, R 425, C 530.] Groc. Dist—— North America, from Hudson Bay and Alaska south to the West Indies and northern South America. Breeds throughout its North American range.

T42 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

SUBORDER STRIGES. OWwLS.

FamiLty STRIGIDZAE. Barn Owt.s.

Genus STRIX Linnevs.

Stree LINN. S.(N. ed.\'x0,' 1. 1758, g2. Type; S: e/azcov Ginn: ed. no.

365. Strix pratincola Bonap. American Barn Owl.

Strix pratincola Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 7. [B 47, C 316, R 394, C 46r.] Groc. Dist.— United States, rarely to the northern border, and

Ontario, southward through Mexico; northern limit of breeding range about Lat. 41°.

FamMity BUBONIDZA. Hornep Owls, ETC.

Genus ASIO Brisson.

Asio Briss. Orn. I. 1760, 28. Type, Strix otus LINN.

366, Asio wilsonianus (LEss.). American Long-eared Owl.

Otus wilsonianus L¥ss. Traité, 1831, Ito. Asio wilsonianus COUES, Check List, ed. 2, 1882, 81, No. 472. [BsrCig2o) Rizon. |e Ayan Groc. Dist.— Temperate North America; south to the table- lands of Mexico. Breeds throughout its range.

367. Asio accipitrinus (PALL.). Short-eared Owl.

Strix accipitrina PALL. Reise Russ. Reichs. I. 1771, 455. Asio accipitrinus NEwT. YARR. Brit. B. ed. 4, I. 1872, 163.

ORDER RAPTORES. 143

[Bi 52, Cizan Ruseon Ciazg.)| Groc. Dist.— Throughout North America; nearly cosmopolitan. Breeds, somewhat irregularly and locally, from about Lat. 39° northward.

Genus SYRNIUM Saviecny.

Syrnium Savicn. Descr. de Egypte, Ois. 1809, 298. Type, Strix stridula LINN.

368. Syrnium nebulosum (Forst.). Barred Owl.

Strix nebulosa Forst. Philos. Trans. XXII. 1772, 386. Syrnium nebulosum Bok, Isis, 1828, 315.

£Bi54) Ci323)) R307) Crazos| Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to Minnesota, Ne-

braska, Kansas, and Texas, north to Nova Scotia and Quebec. Breeds throughout its range.

368 a. Syrnium nebulosum alleni Rivew. Florida Barred Owl.

Strix nebulosa alleni Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. March,

1880, 8. Syrnium nebulosum allent Ripcw. Pr. U. 8. Nat. Mus. VIII.

Sept. 1885, 355. [Ba C= R 3974, C 477-] Groc. Dist.— South Atlantic and Gulf States, chiefly coastwise, from South Carolina to Texas.

369. Syrnium occidentale Xanrus. Spotted Owl.

Syrnium occidentale Xantus, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1859, 193. [B—, C 324, R 398, C 478.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southern Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Cali- fornia, Lower California and Mexico.

144 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus SCOTIAPTEX Swainson.

Scotiaptex Swains. Classif. B. II. 1837, 217. Type, Strum cinerea GMEL.

370. Scotiaptex cinerea (GMEL.). Great Gray Owl.

Strix cinerea GMEL. S.N. I. i. 1788, 291. Scotiaptex cinerea Swains. Classif. B. II. 1837, 217. [B 53, C 322, R 399, C 474. Geroc. Dist.— Arctic America, straggling southward, in winter,

to southern New England, New York, New Jersey, Ohio, Illinois, Idaho and northern Montana.

[870 a.] Scotiaptex cinerea lapponica (RETz.). Lapp Owl.

Strix lapponica Retz, Faun. Suec. 1800, 79. Scotiaptex cinerea lapponica Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 260.

[B—, C—, R 3994, C 475-] Geroc. Dist.— Arctic portions of the Old World; accidental in Alaska (Norton Sound).

Genus NYCTALA Breum.

LVyctala BREMM, Isis, 1828, 1271. Type, Strix tengmalmt GMEL.

371. Nyctala tengmalmi richardsoni (Bonap.). Richardson’s Owl. Nyctale richardsont Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 7. Nyctale tengmalmi var. richardsont Ripcw. Am. Nat. VI. May LOY 2,205: [Biss (© 327, Ri doc MecAs aa Groc. Dist.— Arctic America, south in winter into the northern

United States. Breeds from the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Manitoba northward.

ORDER RAPTORES. 145

372. Nyctala acadica (GMEL.). Saw-whet Owl.

Strix acadica GMEL. S.N. I. 1788, 296. Nyctale acadica Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 7. (B's6, 57, C328) Riaor Ose,

Geoc. Dist.— North America at large, breeding from the Middle States northward, and in mountainous regions of the West southward. into Mexico.

Genus MEGASCOPS Kavp. Megascops KaupP, Isis, 1848, 765. Type, Strix asto LINN.

373. Megascops asio (LINN.). Screech Owl.

Strix asio LINN. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, I. 1758, 92. Megascops asio StT¥JN. Auk, II. April, 1885, 184.

[B 49, part, C 318, R 402, C 465.]

Geroc. Dist.— Temperate eastern North America, south to Georgia, and west to the Plains. Accidental in England.

375 a. Megascops asio floridanus (Ripcw.). Florida Screech Owl.

Scops asto var. floridanus Ripew. Bull. Essex Inst. Dec. 1873, 200. Megascops asio floridanus STEJN. Auk, II. April, 1885, 184. [B—, C 318¢, R 402a, C 469.]

Geoc. Dist.— South Atlantic and Gulf States, from South Caro- lina to Louisiana, chiefly coastwise.

373 6. Megascops asio trichopsis (WacL.). Texas Screech Owl. Scops trichopsis WAGL. Isis, 1832, 276. Megascops asto trichopsis Ripew. Auk, XII. Oct. 1895, ——. 10

146 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 50, C 3184, R 4028, C 468.]

Geroc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, south to Guatemala.

373 c. Megascops asio bendirei (BREwstT.). California Screech Owl.

Scops asio bendirei Brewst. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Jan. 1882, 31.

Megascops asto bendirei StEyN. Auk, II. April, 1885, 134. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Coast region of California.

373 d. Megascops asio kennicottii (ELLior). Kennicott’s Screech Owl.

Scops kennicottiti E.Liot, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1867, 99. Megascops asio kennicottii Stwyn. Auk, II. April, 1885, 184.

[B—, C3182, R 4o2d, C 466.]

Geroc. Dist.— Northwest coast region, from Oregon to Sitka.

373 ec. Megascops asio maxwelliz (Ripéw.). Rocky Mountain Screech Owl.

Scops asio var. maxwellie Ripew. Field & Forest, June, 1877, 2HO)213:

Megascops asio maxwellie StE}N. Auk, II. April, 1885, 184. [B—, C —, R 4020, C 467.] Geoc. Dist.— Rocky Mountains, from Colorado to Montana. 373 7. Megascops asio cineraceus RipGw. Mexican Screech Owl. Megascops asio cineraceus Ripcw. Auk, XII. Oct. 1895, ——. [B —, C —, R 403, C 470.]

Geroc. Dist.— New Mexico, Arizona, Lower

California, and western Mexico.

ORDER RAPTORES. 147

373 g. Megascops asio aikeni Brewst. Aiken’s Screech Owl.

Megascops asio atkeni BRewsv. Auk, VIII. April, 1891, 139. [B—, C —, R—, C —.]

Groc. Distr.— Plains, El] Paso County, Colorado, south probably to central New Mexico and northeastern Arizona.

373 2. Megascops asio macfarlanei Brews. MacFarlane’s Screech Owl.

Megascops asto macfarlanei Brewst. Auk, VIII. April, 1891, 140. [B 49, part, C 318, part, R 402, part, C 465, part.|

Geroc. Dist.— East of the Cascades in Washington, interior of southern British Columbia, southward to central Oregon and east- ward into Montana.

374. Megascops flammeola (Kavp). Flammulated Screech Owl.

Scops flammeola Kaur, Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. IV. 1862, 226. Megascops flammeolus StEJN. Auk, II. April, 1885, 184. [B —, C 319, R 404, C 471.]

Geroc. Dist.— Highlands of Guatemala and central Mexico, north to Colorado and northern California.

374a. Megascops flammeola idahoensis Merriam. Dwarf Screech Owl.

Megascops flammeolus idahoensis MERRIAM, North Am. Fauna, No. 5, July, 1891, 96, pl. i.

pp REL

Groc. Dist.— Ketchum, Idaho. Known only from the type.

Genus BUBO DuMERIL.

Bubo Dummr. Zool. Anal. 1806, 34. Type, by implication, Strix bubo LINN.

148 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

375. Bubo virginianus (GMEL.). Great Horned Owl.

Strix virginiana GMEL. S. N. I. i. 1788, 287. Bubo virginianus Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 6. (Bias Cian 7s Raon he abo)

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to the Mississippi Valley, and from Labrador south to Costa Rica.

375 a. Bubo virginianus subarcticus (Hoy). Western Horned Owl.

Bubo subarcticus Hoy, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VI. 1852, 211. Bubo virginianus B subarcticus RipGw. Orn. goth Par. 1877, 572. [B 48, part, C 3174, part, R 4054, part, C 463, part] Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Great Plains

westward; southward to the Mexican tablelands; east, casually, to Wisconsin and Illinois; north to Manitoba and British Columbia.

375 6. Bubo virginianus arcticus (SwalIns.). Arctic Horned Owl.

Strix (Bubo) arctica Swains. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 86, pl. 30. Bubo virginianus var. arcticus Cass. Illust. B. Cal. etc. 1854, 178. [B 48, part, C 3174, part, R 4054, C 463, part.] Groc. Dist.— Arctic America, chiefly in the interior, south, in winter, to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and South Dakota.

375 c. Bubo virginianus saturatus Ripew. Dusky Horned Owl.

Bubo virginianus saturatus RrpGw. Orn. 4oth Par. 1877, 572, foot-note. [B 48, part, C 3178, R 4056, C 464.]

Geoc. Dist.— Pacific coast region, from Monterey Bay, California, northward to Alaska and eastward to Hudson Bay and Labrador ; southward through the mountainous regions of the West to Arizona.

ORDER RAPTORES. 149

Genus NYCTEA STEPHENS.

Nyctea STEPH. Gen. Zool. XIII. ii. 1826, 63. Type, Strix nyctea Linn.

376. Nyctea nyctea (Linvy.). Snowy Owl.

Strix nyctea LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 93. Nyctea nyctea Licut. Nomen. Mus. Berol. 1854, 7. Gn, 20k MR 406, iC lao.)

Geoc. Dist. — Northern portions of the northern hemisphere. In North America breeding wholly north of the United States; in winter migrating south to the Middle States, straggling to South Carolina, Texas, California, and Bermuda.

Genus SURNIA Dumerit. Surnia Dummre. Zool. Anal. 1806, 34. Type, Strix ululda LINN.

[377.] Surnia ulula (Liny.). Hawk Owl.

Strix ulula Linn. S. N.ed. 10, I. 1758, 93. Surnia ulula BonaP. Cat. Met. Ucc. Eur. 1842, 22. [B—, C—, R 4074, C 481.]

Geroc. Dist.— Arctic portions of the Old World. Casual in Alaska (St. Michaels).

377 a. Surnia ulula caparoch (MU .t.). American Hawk Owl. Strix caparoch MULL. S. N. Suppl. 1776, 69. Surnia ulula caparoch StEyN. Auk, I. Oct. 1834, 363.

[B 62, C 326, R 407, C 480.] Geroc. Dist.— Arctic America, breeding from Newfoundland north-

ward, and migrating in winter to the northern border of the United States. Occasional in England.

I50 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus SPEOTYTO Gtocer.

Speotyto GLoc. Handb. Naturg. 1842, 226. Type, Strix cunicu- laria MOL.

378. Speotyto cunicularia hypogzea (Bownar.).

Burrowing Owl. Strix hypogea BonaPp. Am. Orn. I. 1825, 72. Spheotyto cunicularia var. hypogea COUES Key, 1872, 208. (B 55,50) C 332) Roos, (C.487.|

Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Pacific coast east throughout the Great Plains, north somewhat over the border of British America, south to Central America. Accidental in New York and Massachusetts.

378 a. Speotyto cunicularia floridana Ripew. \ Florida Burrowing Owl.

Speotyto cunicularia var. floridana RipGw. Am. Sportsm. V. July 4, 1874, 216.

[B —, C —, R 408a, C 488.]

Geoc. Dist.— Southern Florida; Bahamas.

Genus GLAUCIDIUM Bole. Glaucidium Bots, Isis, 1826, 970. Type, Strix nana KING.

379. Glaucidium gnoma WacL. Pygmy Owl. Glaucidium gnoma WAGL. Isis, 1832, 275. [B 60, C 329, R 409, C 484.] Groc. Dist.— Western North America in mountainous regions

from British Columbia to eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains and south to the tablelands of Mexico.

ORDER RAPTORES. ISI

379 a, Glaucidium gnoma californicum (SCcL.). California Pygmy Owl.

Glaucidium californicum Scu. P. Z. 8. 1857, 4. Glaucidium gnoma californicum A, O. U. Check-List, rst Suppl. 1889, 9. [B 60, part, C 329, part, R 409, part, C 484, part.]

Geoc. Dist.— Pacific coast region, from California to British Columbia.

379.1. Glaucidium hoskinsii (Brewsr.). Hoskins’s Pygmy Owl.

Glaucidium gnoma hoskinsii BREwst. Auk, V. April, 1888, 136. Glaucidium hoskinsii A. O. U. Check-List, 1st Suppl. 1889, 9. [B—, C—, R—, C—]

Geoc. Dist.— Lower California.

380. Glaucidium phalzenoides (Daup.).

Ferruginous Pygmy Owl. Strix phalenoides Dauv. Traité d’Orn. II. 1800, 206. Glaucidium phalenoides Cas. J. f. O. 1869, 208. [B —, C 330, R 410, C 485.] Geoc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States, from Texas to Arizona, south to southern Brazil.

Genus MICROPALLAS CouvEs.

Micropallas Cours, Auk, VI. Jan. 1889, 71. Type, Athene whitneyt COOPER.

381. Micropallas whitneyi (Cooper). Elf Owl.

Athene whitneyt Cooper, Pr. Cal. Ac. Sci. 1861, 118. Micropallas whitneyt SENNETT, Auk, VI. July, 1889, 276. [B —, C 331, R 411, C 486.] Geoc. Dist.— Southern and Lower California, Arizona, New Mexico, and southern Texas, south to Puebla, Mexico.

152 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

OrDER PSITTACI. Parrots, Macaws, Par- OQUETS, ETC.

Famity PSITTACIDAl. Parrots and PAROQUETS.

Genus CONURUS Kudu.

Conurus KUHL, Consp. Psitt. 1820, 4. Type, Pszttacus caroli- nensis LINN.

382. Conurus carolinensis (LINN.). Carolina Paroquet.

Psittacus carolinensis LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 97. Conurus carodinensis Less. Traité, 1831, 211.

PB 63, C gn5.Ri392,\C 460.

Groc. Dist.— Formerly Florida and the Gulf States north to Mary- land, the Great Lakes, Iowa, and Nebraska, west to Colorado, the Indian Territory, and Texas, and straggling northeastward to Penn- sylvania and New York. Now restricted to Florida, Arkansas, and Indian Territory, where it is only of local occurrence.

ORDER COCCYGES. 153

ORDER COOCY GES @vcKkoo0s,” ETC:

SUBORDER CUCULI. Cuckoos, Etc.

Famity CUCULIDZ4. Cuckoos, Anis, ETc.

SUBFAMILY CROTOPHAGINA. Anis.

Genus CROTOPHAGA Linnws.

Crotophaga Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 105. Type, C. and LINN.

[3883.] Crotophaga ani Linn. Ani.

Crotophaga ani LINN. S.N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 105. [Bi66,\67,)/C, 288, R:389,/C 425. Groc. Dist.— West Indies and eastern South America. Rare or casual in southern Florida and Louisiana, and accidental near Philadelphia.

384. Crotophaga sulcirostris Swans. Groove-billed Ani. ‘

Crotophaga sulcirostris Swatns. Philos. Mag. I. 1827, 440. [ B—, C—, R 390, C 426.] Groc. Dist.— Mexico, north to the southern part of the peninsula of Lower California, and valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, south to Peru.

SuBFAMILY COCCYGINA. AmerriIcAn CuckKoos.

Genus GHOCOCCYX Wacte_r.

Geococcyx WAGLER, Isis, 1831, 524. Type, G. vardegata WAGL. = Saurothera californiana LESS.

154 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

385. Geococcy=x californianus (LEss.). Road-runner. Saurothera californiana Lesson, Compl. Buff. VI. 1829, 420. Geococcyx californianus BairD, B. N. Am. 1858, 73.

[IB 68, C289," 385. 1C 427] Geroc. Dist.— Northern and central Mexico, north to head of Sacramento Valley in California, southern Utah, southeastern

Colorado, southwestern Kansas, western Oklahoma, and western Texas.

Genus COCCYZUS VIEILLOT.

Coccyzus VIEILL. Analyse, 1816, 28. Type, Cuculus americanus LINN.

386. Coccyzus minor (GMEL.). Mangrove Cuckoo.

Cuculus minor GMEL. S. N. I. i. 1788, 411. Coccyzus minor Cas. J. f. O. 1856, 104.

[B 71; Ciege, R336, C. 42g.)

Groc. Dist.— Key West, Florida, Louisiana, the West Indies, and Central America to northeastern South America.

[386 a.] Coccyzus minor maynardi (Ripew.). Maynard’s Cuckoo.

Coccyzus maynardi RripGw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 274. Coccyzus minor maynardi A. O. U. Check-List, rst Suppl. 1889, 9. [B 71, part, C 292, part, R 386, part, C 429, part] Geroc. Dist.— Bahamas and Florida Keys. Cuba?

387. Coccyzus americanus (LINN.). Yellow-billed Cuckoo.

Cuculus americanus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 111. Coccyzus americanus Bonar. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. III, ii. 1824, 367.

ORDER COCCYGES. 155

[B 69, C 291, R 387, C 429.]

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern temperate North America, breeding from Florida north to New Brunswick, Canada, and Minnesota, west to the eastern border of the Plains, and south, in winter, to Costa Rica and the West Indies.

387 a. Coccyzus americanus occidentalis Ripcw. California Cuckoo.

Coccyzus americanus occidentalis R1ipGw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, ca fee [B—, C—, R 387, part, C 429, part.| Geoc. Dist.— Western temperate North America, from northern Lower California north to southern British Columbia, east to New Mexico and western Texas, and south over tablelands of Mexico.

388. Coccyzus erythrophthalmus (WILs.). Black-billed Cuckoo.

Cuculus erythrophthalmus Wits. Am. Orn. IV. 1811, 16, pl. 28. Coccyzus erythrophthalmus Bonar. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. ES it.) 282451367". [B 70, C 290, R 388, C 428.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to the Rocky Moun- tains, breeding north to Labrador, Manitoba, and eastern Assiniboia ; south, in winter, to the West Indies and the valley of the Amazon. Accidental in the British Islands and Italy.

Genus CUCULUS LINN&USs.

Cuculus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 110. Type, C. canorus LINN.

[388.1.] Cuculus canorus telephonus (HEINE). Kamchatkan Cuckoo.

Cuculus telephonus HEINE, J. f. O. 1863, 352. Cuculus canorus telephonus StTEJN. Bull. 29, U. S. Nat. Mus. 1885, 224. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— An Asiatic species, occurring accidentally on the Pribilof Islands.

156 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

SUBORDER —,TROGONES. TrRoGoNns. Famity TROGONIDA. Trocons.

Genus TROGON Linnavs. Trogon LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 167. Type, Z: viridis Linn,

389. Trogon ambiguus Gou Lp. Coppery-tailed Trogon.

Trogon ambiguus GOULD, P. Z. S. 1835, 30. [ B65, C284, Rig8450 CG 422))| Geoc. Dist.— Southern and central Mexico, from Oaxaca and

Guerrero, north to the valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, and southern Arizona.

SUBORDER ALCYONES. KINGFISHERS. Famity ALCHEDINID ZA. KINGFIsHERS.

GENus CHRYLE Bol.

Ceryle Botk, Isis, 1828, 316. Type, Aledo rudis LINN.

SuBGENUS STRHEPTOCERYLE Bonaparte.

Streptoceryle Bonar. Consp. Vol. Anisod. 1854. 10. Type, Aledo torguata LINN.

390. Ceryle aleyon (LINN.). Belted Kingfisher.

Alcedo alcyon Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 115. Ceryle alcyon BonapP. P. Z. S. for 1837 (1838), 108.

ORDER PICI. 157

[Bir 14, C286 RM aSan@ 432) |

Geoc. Dist.— North America, from the Arctic Ocean south to Panama and the West Indies. Breeds from the southern border of the United States northward.

[390.1.] Ceryle torquata (Liny.). Ringed Kingfisher.

Alcedo torquata LINN. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, I. 1766, 180. Ceryle torquata Bok, Isis, 1828, 316.

[B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Mexico and southward to southern South America. Casual on the Lower Rio Grande, Texas.

SuBGENUS CHLOROCERYLE Kavp.

Chloroceryle Kaup, Fam. Eisv. 1848, 8. Type, Aledo superct- fiosa LINN.

391. Ceryle americana septentrionalis SHarpr. Texas Kingfisher.

Ceryle americana septentrionalis SHarpr, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. MVILT, 1592, 134. [B 2x8, C 287, R389, .C 4247] Geroc. Dist.— Southern Texas, south to Panama.

OrDER PICI. WoopPrECKERS, WRYNECKS, ETC.

.Famity PICIDZAS. WooprpeEckKErRs.

GENuS CAMPEPHILUS Gray.

Campephitus Gray, List Gen. B. 1840, 54. ‘Type, Pécus princi- pals LINN.

158 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

392. Campephilus principalis (Linn.). Ivory-billed Woodpecker. Picus principalis Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 113. Campephilus principalis GRAY, List Gen. B. 1840, 54.

[B 72, C 293, R 359, C 431. ]

Geroc. Dist.— Formerly South Atlantic and Gulf States, from North Carolina to Texas, north in the Mississippi Valley to Missouri, southern Illinois, and southern Indiana. Now restricted to the Gulf States and the Lower Mississippi Valley, where only locally distri- buted.

Genus DRYOBATES Bor. Dryobates Bote, Isis, 1826, 977. Type, Picius pubescens LINN.

393. Dryobates villosus (Linv.). Hairy Woodpecker.

Picus villosus LINN. 5. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 175. Dryobates villosus CABANIS, Mus. Hein. IV. ii. June 15, 1863, 66. [B 74, part, C 298, part, R 360, C 438, part.] Geroc. Dist.— Northern and middle portions of the eastern United States, from the Atlantic coast to the Great Plains.

393 a. Dryobates villosus leucomelas (Bopp.). Northern Hairy Woodpecker.

Picus leucomelas BODDAERT, Tabl. Pl. Enl. 1783, 21. Dryobates villosus leucomelas Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355. [B 74, part, C 298, part, R 360a, C 438, part.| Geroc. Dist.— Northern North America, south to about the northern border of the United States.

393 4. Dryobates villosus audubonii (Swarns.). Southern Hairy Woodpecker.

Picus audubonit Swans. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 306.

Dryobates villosus audubonit Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355.

ORDER PICI. 159

[B 74, part, C 298, part, R 360, part, C 438, part. ]

Groc. Dist.— South Atlantic and Gulf States, north to North Carolina and Tennessee, west to Louisiana and southeastern Texas.

393 c. Dryobates villosus harrisii (Avp.).

Harris’s Woodpecker. Picus harrisii Aup. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 191. Dryobates villosus harristi Rrpcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355. [B 75, C 298a, R 360d, C 439.] Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, from northern Cali- fornia to southern Alaska.

393 d. Dryobates villosus hyloscopus (CazB.).

Cabanis’s Woodpecker. Dryobates hyloscopus Cas. & Henze, Mus. Hein. IV. il, 1863, 69. [Dryobates villosus| hyloscopus BREWST. Auk, V. July, 1888, 252 (in text). [B 75, part, C 298a, part, R 3604, part, C 439, part.] Gros. Dist.— Western United States, except northwest coast, and south into Mexico.

394. Dryobates pubescens (LInNv.). Downy Woodpecker.

Picus pubescens Lunn. S.N. ed. 12, 1. 1766, 175. Dryobates pubescens CABANIS, Mus. Hein. IV. ii. June 15, 1863, 62. [B 76, C 299, R 361, C 440.] Groc. Dist.— Northern and eastern North America, west to British

Columbia and the eastern edge of the Plains; south to the Gulf of Mexico.

394 a. Dryobates pubescens gairdnerii (AvD.). Gairdner’s Woodpecker.

Picus gairdnerit Aup. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 317: Dryobates pubescens gairdnerit RipGw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vill:

1885, 355:

160 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 77, part, C 2994, part, R 3614, part, C 441, part.) Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast of the United States, north to British Columbia (lat. 55°).

394 6. Dryobates pubescens orececus Batcu. Batchelder’s Woodpecker.

Dryobates pubescens oreecus Batcu. AUK, VI. July, 1889, 253. [B 77, part, C 2994, part, R 3614, part, C 441, part.]

Geos. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region of the United States.

395. Dryobates borealis (VIEILL.). Red-cockaded Woodpecker. Picus borealis ViEILL. Ois. Am. Sept. II. 1807, 66. Dryobates borealis Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355. [B 80, C 296, R 362, C 433.] Geoc. Dist.— Southeastern United States, from North Carolina,

Tennessee and Indian Territory, south to eastern Texas and the Gulf coast.

396. Dryobates scalaris bairdi (MALHERBE). Texan Woodpecker.

Picus bairdi (Sct. MSS.) MALHERBE, Mon. Pic. I. 1861, 118, Die 2 Dryobates scalaris bairdi RipGw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 285. [B 79, C 297, R 363, C 434.] Groc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States, from Texas to California, north from western Arizona and southern Nevada to southwestern Utah, south to the tablelands of Mexico.

396 a. Dryobates scalaris lucasanus (XANTUS). Saint Lucas Woodpecker.

Picus lucasanus XANTuS, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1859, 298. Dryobates scalaris lucasanus Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355- [B—, C 2974, R 3632, C 436.] Geoc. Dist.— Lower California, north to Lat. 34° in the Colorado Desert, California.

ORDER PICI. 161

397. Dryobates nuttallii (GAMB.). Nuttall’s Woodpecker.

Picus nuttalliti GAMBEL, Px. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. April, 1843, 2 59- Dryobates nuttallii Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355. [B 78, C 297a, R 364, C 435.] Geoc. Dist.— Southern Oregon, California, and northern Lower California.

398. Dryobates arizonz (Harcirt). Arizona Woodpecker.

Picus arizone Harctitt, Ibis, April, 1886, 11 5. Dryobates arizone Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 286. et gn, CO aa

Geoc. Dist.— Southern Arizona, south into northern Mexico.

Genus XHNOPICUS Barrp.

Aenopicus BarrD, B. N. Am. 1858, 83. Type, Leuconerpes albo- larvatus Cass,

399. Xenopicus albolarvatus (Cass.). White-headed Woodpecker. Leuconerpes albolarvatus Cassin, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Oct. 1850, 106. Xenopicus albolarvatus MALHERBE, Mon. Pic. II. 1862, 221.

[B 81, C 295, R 366, C 452.] Geroc. Dist.— Mountains of the Pacific coast, from southern British Columbia to southern California (including the eastern slope

of the Sierra Nevada), and east to the Blue Mountains of Oregon and west-central Idaho.

Genus PICOIDES Lacéprpe.

Licoides LACkPEDE, Mém. de I’Inst. III. 1801, 509. Type Picus tridactylus LINN. ul

162 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

400. Picoides arcticus (SwaIns.). Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker.

Picus (Apternus) arcticus Swans. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am). a83t, (213+ Picoides arcticus Gray, Gen. B. I. 1845, 434. [B 82, C 300, R 367, C 443.]

Groc. Dist.— Northern North America, from the arctic regions south to the northern United States (New England, New York, Michigan, Minnesota, and Idaho), and in the Sierra Nevada to Lake Tahoe.

401. Picoides americanus BRrEHM. American Three-toed Woodpecker.

Picoides americanus BreuM, Handb. Vog. Deutschl. 1831, 195. [B's3, C301, R368, C 44a]

Groc. Dist.— Northern North America, east of the Rocky Moun- tains, from the arctic regions southward to the northern United States (Maine, Mass., New York).

401 a. Picoides americanus alascensis (NELs.). Alaskan Three-toed Woodpecker.

Picoides tridactylus alascensis Newson, Auk, I. April, 1884, 165. Picoides americanus alascensis Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII.

1885, 355: (BCS Rees

Geroc. Dist.— Alaska, south to northern Washington.

401 4. Picoides americanus dorsalis Barrp. Alpine Three-toed Woodpecker.

Picoides dorsalis Batrv, B. N. Am. 1858, roo. Picoides americanus dorsalis BarrD, Orn. Calif. I. 1870, 386. [B 84, C 3014, R 368a, C 445. | Groc. Dist— Rocky Mountain region, from British Columbia and Idaho south into New Mexico.

ORDER PICI. 163

Genus SPHYRAPICUS Bairp.

Sphyrapicus BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 80, ror.

Type, Picus varius LINN.

402. Sphyrapicus varius (Liny.). Yellow-bellied Sapsucker.

Picus varius Linn. 8. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 176. Sphyrapicus varius BAIRD, B.N. Am. 1858, 103.

[B 85, C 302, R 369, C 446.| Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America north to about Lat. 63° 30!

(north of Fort Simpson), breeding from Massachusetts northward ; south, in winter, to the West Indies, Mexico and Costa Rica.

402 a. Sphyrapicus varius nuchalis Bairp. Red-naped Sapsucker.

Sphyrapicus varius var. nuchalis Bairp, B. N. Am. 1858, 103. [B 86, C 302a, R 369a, C 447.]

Geroc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region, from British Columbia to the Sierra Bolanos, Jalisco, Mexico, and the Cape region of Lower California; and westward across the Great Basin to the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada in northern California.

403. Sphyrapicus ruber (GMEL.). Red-breasted Sapsucker.

Picus ruber GMEL. S. N. I. 1788, 429. Sphyrapicus ruber Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 104.

[B 87, C 3024, 303? R 3694, C 448.]

Geoc. Dist.— Pacific coast region, from British Columbia south

in the mountains and foothills of California to northern Lower Cali- fornia.

404, Sphyrapicus thyroideus (Cass.).

Williamson’s Sapsucker.

Picus thyroideus Cassin, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1850-1851, 349. Sphyrapicus thyroideus BaiRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 106.

164 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 88, 89, C 304, 305, R 370, C 449.] Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region of the United States, west to the Sierra Nevada, Cascades, and northern Coast Ranges; south on the tablelands of Mexico to the Sierra Bolanos, Jalisco.

Genus CHOPHLGWUS Capsanis.

Ceophiwus CaBants, J. f. O. 1862, 176. Type, Pecus pileatus LINN.

405. Ceophloeus pileatus (LINN.). Pileated Woodpecker.

Picus pileatus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 113. C[eophleus| pileatus CaBants, J. f. O. 1862, 176. [Bige, Ci 2oa (R37 0) age. Groc. Dist.— Formerly the heavily wooded region of North America south of about Lat. 63°, except in the southern Rocky

Mountains; now rare or extirpated in the more thickly settled parts of the Eastern States.

Genus MELANERPES Swainson.

SuBGENUS MELANERPES.

Melanerpes Swatns. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 316. Type, Picus erythrocephalus LINN.

406. Melanerpes erythrocephalus (LInv.). Red-headed Woodpecker. Picus erythrocephalus Linn. 5. N.ed. 10, I. 1758, 113. Melanerpes erythrocephalus Swatns. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 316.

[B 94, C 309, R 375, C 453-] Geoc. Dist.— United States, west to the Rocky Mountains, and

north from Florida to about Lat. 50°, straggling westward to Salt Lake Valley and Arizona; rare or local east of the Hudson River.

ORDER PICI 165

407. Melanerpes formicivorus bairdi Ripcew. Californian Woodpecker.

Melanerpes formicivorus bairdi Ripcw. Bull. No. 21 U.S. Nat. Mus. 1881, 34, 85.

[B 95, C 310, R, 377, C 454.] Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast region of the United States, from

southern Oregon south to northern Lower California and Mexico, east through Arizona to southern New Mexico and western Texas.

407 a. Melanerpes formicivorus angustifrons Barrp. Narrow-fronted Woodpecker.

Melanerpes formicivorus var. angustifrons BAIRD, Orn. Cal. I. 1870 405.

?

[B Hine C 3104, R 3774; C455.]

Groc. Dist.— Southern Lower California.

SuBGENUS ASYNDESMUS Coves.

Asyndesmus Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1866, 55. Type, Picus torqguatus ILS.

408. Melanerpes torquatus (WILs.).

Lewis’s Woodpecker. Picus torquatus Witson, Am, Orn. III. 1811, 31, pl. xx. fig. 3. Melanerpes torquatus Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 40. (Big6)/G gua a6, Crane) |

Geoc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Black Hills and the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific, and from southern British Columbia and southern Alberta south to Arizona, and (in winter) western Texas. Casual in Kansas.

SuBGENUS CENTURUS Swainson.

Centurus Swatns. Classif. B. II. 1837, 310. Type, Prcus caro- linus LINN.

166 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

409. Melanerpes carolinus (Linv.). Red-bellied Woodpecker.

Picus carolinus Linn. S. N. ed. 10. I. 1758, 113. Melanerpes carolinus RipGw. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. X, Jan. 1874, 378. [Bion Cigo6; Ri a72) Caco Groc. Dist.— Eastern and southern United States, north casually to Massachusetts, New York, Ontario, southern Michigan, and central Towa, west to eastern Nebraska, eastern Kansas, Indian Territory and Texas.

410. Melanerpes aurifrons (WAacL.). Golden-fronted Woodpecker.

Picus aurifrons WAGLER, Isis, 1829, 512. Melanerpes aurifrons Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355.

[B 92, C 307, R 373, C 451.] Geroc. Dist.— Central and southern Texas, southward over the tablelands of Mexico to the City of Mexico, and from southern Tamaulipas west to Aguas Calientes and Jalisco.

411. Melanerpes uropygialis (Bairp). Gila Woodpecker.

Centurus uropygialis BAIRD, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. June, 1854, 120. Melanerpes uropygialis Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355.

[B 93, C308, R 374, C 452.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southwestern New Mexico, and southern and western Arizona, from Lat. 35° southward through Lower California to Cape St. Lucas, and through western Mexico to Aguas Calientes and Jalisco.

Genus COLAPTSES Swainson.

Colaptes Swains. Zool. Journ. III. Dec. 1827, 353. Type, Cuculus auratus LINN.

412. Colaptes auratus (LINN.). Flicker.

Cuculus auratus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 112. Colaptes auratus Vicors, Zool. Journ. III. 1827, 444.

ORDER PICI. 167

[B 97, C312, R 378, C 457-] Groc. Dist.— Northern and eastern North America, west to the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains and Alaska. Occasional on the Pacific slope, from California northward. Accidental in Europe.

413. Colaptes cafer (GMEL.). Red-shafted Flicker. Picus cafer GMEL. 8. N. I. 1788, 431. Colaptes cafer STEJN. Stand. Nat. Hist. IV. 1885, 428.

[B 98, C 314, R3784, C 459-]

Groc. Dist— Rocky Mountain region, from British Columbia south to southern Mexico, and west to the Coast Ranges in Oregon and Washington, and to the Pacific coast from northern California southward.

413 a. Colaptes cafer saturatior (Rivew.). Northwestern Flicker. Colaptes mexicanus saturatior RipGw. Pr. Biol. Soc. Wash. II. April 10, 1884, go. Colaptes cafer saturatior A. O.U. Check-list, 1886, 218. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.—Northwest coast, from northern California to Sitka.

414, Colaptes chrysoides (Matu.). Gilded Flicker. Geopicus chrysoides MaLn. Rev. et Mag. Zool. IV. 1852, 553- Colaptes chrysoides REICH. Handb. Spec. Ornith. Scansoriz, 1854, 413. i [B 99, C 313, R 379, C 458-] Groc. Dist.— Central and southern Arizona, from Lat. 34° to

southern Sonora, and Lower California south of Lat. 30°.

415. Colaptes rufipileus Ripew. Guadalupe Flicker. Colaptes mexicanus rufipileus RiDGw. Bull. U.S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Terr. II. No. 2, April 1, 1876, 191. Colaptes rufipileus RipGw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club; IF. July; 1377; 60. [B —, C —, R 380, C —.] Geroc. Dist.— Guadalupe Island, Lower California.

168 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH, AMERICAN BIRDS.

OrDER MACROCHIRES. GoaTSuCKERs, SWIFTS, ETC.

SUBORDER CAPRIMULGI. GOoOATSUCKERS, ETC. Famity CAPRIMULGIDZE. GoaTSucKERS, ETC.

Genus ANTROSTOMUS Gou Lp.

Antrostomus GOULD, Icones Avium, 1838. Type, Caprimulgus carolinensis GMEL.

416. Antrostomus carolinensis (GMEL.). Chuck-will’s-widow. Caprimulgus carolinensis GMEL. S. N. I. li. 1788, 1028. Antrostomus carolinensis GOULD, Icones Avium, 1838.

[Berit (C264, Bias) Coso6.)

Geoc. Dist.— South Atlantic and Gulf States, from Virginia south through eastern Mexico to Central America ; Cuba. North, in the interior, to southern Illinois and Kansas. Accidental in Massachu- setts.

417. Antrostomus vociferus (WILS.). Whip-poor-will.

Caprimulgus vociferus Wits. Am. Orn. V. 1812, 71, pl. 41, figs. 1-3. Antrostomus vociferus BoNap. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 8.

[B 112, C 265, R 354, C 397-]

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America to the Plains, and from Lat. 50° south to Guatemala.

ORDER MACROCHIRES.

169

417 a. Antrostomus vociferus macromystax (WaGLER). Stephens’s Whip-poor-will.

Caprimulgus macromystax WAGLER, Ibis, 1831, 533. Caprimulgus vociferus macromystax HARTERT, Ibis, 1892, 286.

Antrostomus vociferus macromystax A. O. U. Check-List, 6th Suppl. Auk, XI. Jan. 1894, 48.

(Eo Oe RAG sane

Geroc. Dist.— Arizona, New Mexico, and tablelands of Mexico south to Guatemala.

Genus PHALZAINOPTILUS Ruivcway.

Phalenoptilus Rrpew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. III. 1880, 5. Type, Caprimulgus nuttallii Aud.

418. Phalznoptilus nuttallii (Avp.). Poor-will.

Caprimulgus nuttalla Aup. B. Am. VII. 1843, 350, pl. 495. Phalenoptilus nuttalli Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. 1880, 5 [B.113, C 266, R'355, C 308.]

Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Sierra Nevada eastward to eastern Nebraska and eastern Kansas, north to central Idaho and Montana, and south to southern Mexico.

418 a. Phalznoptilus nuttallii nitidus Brewsr. Frosted Poor-will.

Phalenoptilus nuttalli nitidus Brewst. Auk, IV. April, 1877, 147.

[B 113, part, C 266, part, R 355, part, C 398, part. Geoc. Dist.— Texas to Arizona, and north to western Kansas.

418 4. Phalznoptilus nuttallii californicus Rinpcw. Dusky Poor-will.

Phalenoptilus nuttalli californicus Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 588, foot-note.

[B 113, part, C 266, part, R 355, part, C 398, part.| Geroc. Dist.— Coast of California.

170 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus NYCTIDROMUS GouwLp.

Nyctidromus GouLp, Icones Avium, II. 1838, pl. ii. Type, LV. derbyanus GOULD = Caprimulgus albicollis GMEL.

419. Nyctidromus albicollis merrilli SEenn. Merrill’s Parauque.

Nyctidromus albicollis merrilli SENN. Auk, V. Jan. 1888, 44.

Geoc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande, north to the Nueces River, south into northeastern Mexico.

Genus CHORDEILES Swainson.

Chordeiles Swatns. in Sw. & RicuH. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 496. Type, Caprimulgus virginianus GMEL.

420. Chordeiles virginianus (GMEL.). Nighthawk. Caprimulgus virginianus GMEL. S, N. I. i. 1788, 1028. Chordeiles virginianus Swatns. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 496.

[B 114, C 267, R 357, C 399.] Geroc. Dist.— Northern and eastern North America, west to the

Great Plains and central British Columbia, and from Labrador south through tropical America to the Argentine Republic.

420 a. Chordeiles virginianus henryi (Cass.). Western Nighthawk.

Chordeiles henryt Cass. Illustr. B. Cal. Tex. etc. I. 1855, 233. Chordeiles virginianus var. henryi COUES, Key, 1872, 181. [Bris, © 2670, R sire, Ciaoe,| Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Great Plains to

the Pacific coast, and from British Columbia south to northern South America.

ORDER MACROCHIRES. E7e

420 6. Chordeiles virginianus chapmani (CovEs). Florida Nighthawk.

[Chordeiles popetue| chapmani (SENNET, MS.) Cougs, Auk, V. Jan. 1888, 37. Chordeiles virginianus chapmani Scott, Auk, V. April, 1888, 186. [B—, C —, R 3574, C 401.]

Geoc. Dist.— Florida and the Gulf coast of Texas, south in winter to South America.

421. Chordeiles acutipennis texensis (Lawr.). Texan Nighthawk.

Chordeiles texensis LAwr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. VI. Dec. 1856, 167. Chordeiles acutipennis texensis R1iDGW. in BAIRD, BREWER & Ripc- way, N. Am. Birds, II. 1874, 406.

PB enG, C268) Raga. Co cag. Groc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States, from Texas

to southern California, north into southern Utah; south to Cape St. Lucas and Veragua.

SUBORDER) CYPSELL. Swirwrs:

Famity MICROPODIDA. Swirts. SUBFAMILY CHZAiTURINZA. SpINE-TAILED SwIFTs.

Genus CYPSELOIDES Srrevset.

Cypseloides STREUBEL, Isis, 1848, 366. Type, Hemiprocne fumt- gata Natt. MS.

422. Cypseloides niger (GMEL.). Black Swift.

Firundo ngra GMEL. 8. N. I. ii. 1788, 1025. Cypseloides niger Sci. P. Z. S. 1865, 615.

172 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 108, C 270, R 350, C 404. ]

Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region (Colorado), west to the Pacific coast; north to British Columbia, and south to Lower Cali- fornia, Mexico, Costa Rica, and the West Indies.

Genus CHAITURA STEPHENS.

Chetura STEPH. Gen. Zool. XIII. pt. ii. 1825, 76. Type, Azrundo pelagica LINN.

423. Cheetura pelagica (Linn.). Chimney Swift.

Lirundo pelagica Linn. S.N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 192. Chetura pelasgia STEPH. Gen. Zool. XIII. pt. 11. 1825, 76. [B,2o0,(Cie7t, Rist, gon)

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, north to Labrador and the Fur Countries, west to the Plains, and passing south of the United States in winter at least to Jalapa, Mexico, and Cozumel Island.

424, Cheetura vauxii (Towns.). Vaux’s Swift.

Cypselus vauxit Towns. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VIII. 1839, 148. Chetura vauxit DEKay, Zool. N.Y. II. 1844, 36.

[ Bro, C 242) BR 352) C)406.]

Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast of the United States northward to British Columbia; migrating south in winter to Lower California and Mexico.

SuBFAMILY MICROPODINZA. Typicat Swirts. Genus ABRONAUTES Hartert.

Aéronautes HARTERT, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. XVI, 1892, 459. Type, Cypselus melanoleucus BAIRD.

ORDER MACROCHIRES. 173 425, Aéronautes melanoleucus (Bairp). White-throated Swift.

Cypselus melanoleucus BatRD, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. June, 1854, 118.

Aéronautes melanoleucus HARTERT, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. XVI, 1892, 459. [B 107, C 269, R 349, C 403.]

Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Black Hills, northern Wyoming, and southern Montana to the Pacific; south, in winter, to Guatemala.

SUBORDER TROCHILI. HummInecsirps.

FamiILty TROCHILIDZA. Humminceirps.

GENuS EUGENES Gou.p.

Eugenes GOULD, Mon. Troch. pt. xii. 1856, pl. 59. Type, Z7o- chilus fulgens SWAINS.

426. Eugenes fulgens (Swains.). Rivoli Hummingbird.

Trochilus fulgens Swans. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 441. Eugenes fulgens GOULD, Mon. Troch. II. 1856, pl. 59.

[B —, C 274 ds, R 334, C 408.]

Geoc. Dist.— Southern Arizona and tablelands of Mexico to Nicaragua.

Genus CCGaLIGENA Lesson.

Celigena Less. Ind. & Synop. Gen. Troch. 1832, p. xviii. Type, Ornismya clemencie LESS.

174 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

427. Coeligena clemenciz LEss. Blue-throated Hummingbird. Ornismya clemencie Luss. Ois. Mouch. 1829, 216, pl. 80. Celigena clemencie Less. Ind. & Synop. Gen. Troch. 1832, p. xviii. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] GeEoc. Dist.— Southern Arizona, and the tablelands of Mexico to Guerrero and Oaxaca.

Genus TROCHILUS Linnevs.

SusGENus TROCHILUS.

Trochilus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 119. Type, by elimina- tion, Z! colubris LINN.

428. Trochilus colubris Linn. Ruby-throated Hummingbird.

Trochilus colubris LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 120. IB ren, C275. R335,1C\AooK Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America to the Plains, north to the

Fur Countries, breeding from Florida to Labrador, and south, in winter, to Cuba, Mexico, and Veragua.

429, Trochilus alexandri Bourc. & MuLs. Black-chinned Hummingbird. Trochilus alexandri Bourc. & Mus. Ann. Soc. Agric. Lyons, IX. 1846, 330. [B 102, C 276, Riz36,.C Ano] Geoc. Dist.— Pacific coast region, from California to British Columbia, east to Utah and Arizona, and south to Lower California, the Valley of Mexico, and Guerrero.

429.1. Trochilus violajugulum Jerrrries. Violet-throated Hummingbird. Trochilus violajugulum JEFFRIES, Auk, V. April, 1888, 168. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Coast of southern California (Santa Barbara). Known only from the type specimen.

ORDER MACROCHIRES. 175

Genus CALYPTE GouLp.

Calypte Goutp, Mon. Troch. III. 1856, pl. 134. Type, Ornis- mya coste BOURC.

430. Calypte costz (Bourc.).

Costa’s Hummingbird. Ornismya coste Bourc. Rev. Zool. 1839, 294. Calypte coste GouLD, Mon. Troch, III. pt. xi, 1856, pl. 134. [B 106, C 280, R 337, C 415-] Groc. Dist.— Southern California, southern Nevada, Arizona, Lower California, and western Mexico.

431. Calypte anna (LEss.).

Anna’s Hummingbird. Ornismya anna Less. Suppl. Ois. Mouch. 1831, rrs, pl. vil. Calypte anne GouLD, Mon. Troch. III. pt. xi, 1856, pl. 135. [B ros, C279, R338, C) 4x4] Groc. Dist.—Central and southern California, southern Arizona, and Lower California, casually to Guadalupe Island.

Genus SELASPHORUS Swainson.

Selasphorus Swatns. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 324. Type, Zrochilus rufus GMEL.

[431.1.] Selasphorus floresii GouLp.

Floresi’s Hummingbird. Selasphorus floresii GouLp, Mon. Troch. pt. xxiii. Sept. 1, 1861 (Vol. III. pl. 139). [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Mexico (Bolaiios, Jalisco); accidental at San Fran- cisco, California.

432. Selasphorus platycercus (SwaIns.). Broad-tailed Hummingbird.

Trochilus platycercus Swans. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 441. Selasphorus platycercus Bon. Consp. Av. I. 1850, 82.

”

7

176 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 104, C 278, R339, C 413-] Geoc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region (Idaho, Wyoming, and Colorado), west to the Sierra Nevada, and south through Arizona, New Mexico and Mexico to Guatemala.

433. Selasphorus rufus (GMEL.). Rufous Hummingbird. Trochilus rufus GMEL. S. N. I. i. 1788, 497: ~ Trochilus (Selasphorus) rufus SwAtns. in Sw. & RICH. Fat aun. Bor. Am. TI. 1831, 324. [PB tog) C254 (RV snow ang.

Geroc. Dist.—Western Texas to Montana, west to the Pacific, and north to Mount St. Elias, Alaska; south in winter on the tablelands of Mexico to Vera Cruz and Oaxaca.

434. Selasphorus alleni HeEnsu. Allen’s Hummingbird.

Selasphorus alleni HENSH. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, II. 1877, 54. [B —, C —, R341, C 412.]

Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast, north to British Columbia, east to southern Arizona.

Genus STELLULA Gou.p.

Stellula GOULD, Introd. Troch. 1861, 90. Type, Zrochilus calliope GOULD.

436. Stellula calliope Goutp. Calliope Hummingbird. Trochilus (Calothorax) calliope Goutn, P. Z. S. 1847, 1 at SteMiele calliope GOULD, Introd. Troch. 1861, oon

[B—, C 282, R 343, C 417%] »

Groc. Dist.— Mountains of the Pacific slope, from British Colum- bia to Montana, Nevada, and New Momeeet south to the Vaey of Mexico and mountains of Guerrero.

sf

ORDER MACROCHIRES. 177

Genus CALOTHORAX Gray.

Calothorax GRaAy, Gen. B. 1840, 13. Type, Cynanthus lucifer SWAINS,

437. Calothorax lucifer (Swains.). Lucifer Hummingbird.

Cynanthus lucifer Swans. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 442. Calothorax lucifer Gray, Gen. B. I. 1844, 110. [B aaa) co, R 344; C 418. |

Geroc. Dist.— Tablelands of Mexico, from Puebla and the Valley of Mexico north to southern Arizona.

Genus AMAZILIA REICHENBACH.

Amaszilia Reicu. Syst. Av. 1849, pl. 39. Type, Orthorhynchus amazilt LESS.

438. Amazilia fuscicaudata (FRASER). Rieffer’s Hummingbird.

Trochilus fuscicaudatus Fras. P. Z. S. 1840, 17. Amazilia fuscicaudata Ripcw. Pr. U. 8. Nat. Mus. I. 1878, Lio, 04s. [B-—, Cr R 345; C 419. | Groc. Dist.— Lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas, south through eastern Mexico to Central America and northern South America.

439. Amazilia cerviniventris GouLp. Buff-bellied Hummingbird.

Amazilius cerviniventris GOULD, P. Z. S. 1856, 150. [B—, C—, R 346, C 420.]

Groce. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande and south in east- ern Mexico to southern Vera Cruz. 12

178 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus BASILINNA 1 Botc.

Basilinna Botk, Isis, 1831, 546. Type, Zrochilus leucotis ViE1Lu

440, Basilinna xantusi (Lawr.). Xantus’s Hummingbird.

Amazilia xantust LAwR. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 1860, 109. Basilinna xanthust Evuiot, Class. & Synop. Troch. March,

1879, 227. [B—, C 273, R 347, C 407.]

Groc. Dist.— Lower California north to Lat. 29°.

440.1. Basilinna leucotis (VIEILL.). White-eared Hummingbird.

Trochilus leucotis V1EILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXIII. 1818, 428. Basilinna leucotis Bote, Isis, 1831, 546. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Mexico and Nicaragua, north to the Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona.

Genus IACHE EL ior.

Lache Evviot, Class. & Synop. Troch. March, 1879, 234. Type, Cynanthus latirostris SwAINs.

441. Iache latirostris (Swatns.). Broad-billed Hummingbird.

Cynanthus latirostris Swains. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 441. Lache latirostris E.uiot, Class. & Synop. Troch. March, 1879, 235 [B—, C—, R 348, C 421.] Groc. Dist.— Southern Arizona and south to the Valley of Mexico.

ORDER PASSERES. 179

OrDER PASSERES. PERcHING BIRDs.

SUBORDER CLAMATORES. SoONGLEsSS PERCHING BIRDS.

Famity COTINGIDAi. Tue Corrncas.

Genus Platypsaris ScLaTer.

Platypsaris Sci. P. Z. S. 1857, 72 (ex Bonap., 1854, = nomen nudum). Type, Pachyrhamphus latirostris BONAP.

441.1. Platypsaris albiventris (Lawr.).

Xantus’s Becard.

FTadrostomus albiventris Lawrk. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. VIII. 1867, 475. Platypsaris albiventris RrpGw. Man. N. Am, B. 1887, 325.

(BC Reale

Groc. Dist.— Western and southern Mexico, north to southern Arizona (Huachuca Mts.).

FaMILy TYRANNIDA. Tyrant FLYcATCHERs. Genus MILVULUS Swainson.

Milvulus Swainson, Zool. Journ. III. July, 1827, 165. Type, Tyrannus savanna ViEILL. = Muscicapa tyrannus Linn.

[442.] Milvulus tyrannus (Liny.). Fork-tailed Flycatcher.

Muscicapa tyrannus Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 325. Milvulus tyrannus Bonar. Geogr. & Comp. List, 1838, 25.

180 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

(Bite, C240) Riso, Gabo.) Geoc. Dist.— Southern Mexico and southward throughout Central

and most of South America. Accidental in the United States (Mississippi, Kentucky, New Jersey, southern California).

443, Milvulus forficatus (GMEL.). Scissor-tailed Flycatcher. Muscicapa forficata GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 931. Milvulus forjicatus Swans. Classif. B. II. 1827, 225.

[B)a23, C 2am, R gor, "C.367.| Geoc. Dist.— Texas, Oklahoma, Indian Territory, southern Kansas and southwestern Missouri, south through eastern Mexico to Costa

Rica. Accidental in southern Florida (Key West), New Jersey, New England, and at York Factory, Hudson Bay.

Genus TYRANNUS Cuvier.

Tyrannus CuvikER, Leg. d’An. Comp. I. 1799, tabl. ii. (Cf Tabl. Elem. 1797, p. 201.) Type, Lanzus tyrannus LINN.

444. Tyrannus tyrannus (Liny.). Kingbird. Lantus tyrannus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 94. Tyrannus tyrannus JORDAN, Man. Vert. ed. 4, 1884, 96.

[B 124, C 242, R 304, C 368.]

Geroc. Dist.— North America, from the British Provinces south, in winter, through eastern Mexico, Central and South America. Less common west of the Rocky Mountains. Not recorded from New Mexico and Arizona.

445, Tyrannus dominicensis (GMEL.). Gray Kingbird. Lanius tyrannus 8. dominicensis GMEL. S. N. I. 1788, 302. Tyrannus dominicensis RICHARDSON, Rep. Sixth Meet. Brit. Ass. Visi nas

ORDER PASSERES. 181

[B 125, C 243, R 303, C 369.] Geoc. Dist.— South Atlantic States (South Carolina, Georgia, Florida), West Indies, Atlantic coast of Central America, and northern South America. Accidental in Massachusetts.

446. Tyrannus melancholicus couchii (Barrp). Couch’s Kingbird.

Tyrannus couchit BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 175. Tyrannus melancholicus var. couchii Cours, Check-list, ed. 1, Deen 2S 745.5%. [B 128, 129, C 246, R 305, C 372.] Geoc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States (Texas), south to Guatemala.

447. Tyrannus verticalis Say. Arkansas Kingbird.

Tyrannus verticalis Say, Lone’s Exp. II. 1823, 60. [B 126, C 244, R 306, C 370.]

Geoc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Plains to the Pacific, and from British Columbia south through Lower California and western Mexico to Guatemala. Accidental in Maryland, New Jersey, New York, and Maine.

448, Tyrannus vociferans Swains. Cassin’s Kingbird.

Tyrannus vociferans Swains. Quart. Jour. Sci. XX. 1826, 273. [B 127, C 245, R 307, C 371.] Geoc. Dist.— Western United States from southern Wyoming,

eastern Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, western Texas and southern California, south to Guatemala.

Genus PITANGUS Swainson.

Pitangus Swainson, Zool. Journ. III. July, 1827, 165. Type, Tyrannus sulphuratus ViEILL.

182 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

449, Pitangus derbianus (KAuvp). Derby Flycatcher.

Saurophagus derbianus Kaur, P. Z. 8S. 1851 (Oct. 1852), 44, pl. XXXVI. Pitangus derbianus SCLATER, P. Z. S. 1856 (Jan. 1857), 297. . [B—, C—, R 308, C 364.] Groc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, south to northern South America.

Genus MYIOZETETES Sc iater.

Myiozetetes Sci. P. Z. S. 1859, 46. Type, Muscicapa cayennensis LINN.

[450.] Myiozetetes texensis (GIRAUD). Giraud’s Flycatcher.

Muscicapa texensis GIRAUD, Sixteen Sp. Texas B, 1841, pl. 1. Myiozetetes texensis Sci. P. Z. S. 1859, 56. [B—, C—, R 309, C—.] Groc. Dist.— “Texas” (GrRAUD), south to Central America and northern South America.

Genus MYIODYNASTES Bonaparte.

Myiodynastes BonaP. Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandée, II. 1857, 35 (ex Bowap. Comptes Rend. XXXVIII. 1854, 657, nomen nudum). Type, A/uscicapa audax GMEL.

451. Myiodynastes luteiventris Sct. Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher.

Myiodynastes luteiventris Sci. P. Z. S. 1859, 42 (ex Bonap. Comptes Rend. XXXVIII. 1854, 657, nomen nudum).

[B—, C —, R 310, C 365.] Geoc. Dist.— Southern Arizona, south to Panama.

Genus MYIARCHUS Casanis.

Mytarchus Cas. Arch. f. Naturg. 1844, 1, 272. Type, Muscicapa Jerox GMEL.

ORDER PASSERES. 183

452. Myiarchus crinitus (Linv.). Crested Flycatcher. Muscicapa crinita Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 325. Myiarchus crinitus LicutT. Nomencl. Mus. Berol. 1854, 16.

(Binge: Cizay Rava Ciara Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States and southern Canada, west to Manitoba and the Plains, south through eastern Mexico to Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia. Breeds from Florida northward.

453. Myiarchus mexicanus (Kaup). Mexican Crested Flycatcher. Tyrannula mexicana Kaur, P. Z. S. 1851, 51. Myiarchus mexicanus BAIRD, B, N. Am. 1858, 179.

[B 132, C—, R 311, C 374.] Groc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, south- ward to Guatemala.

453 a. Myiarchus mexicanus magister Ripcw. Arizona Crested Flycatcher.

Mytarchus mexicanus magister Rrpcw. Pr. Biol. Soc. Wash. II. April 10, 1884, go. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Southern Arizona, south into western Mexico.

454. Myiarchus cinerascens (Lawr.). Ash-throated Flycatcher. Tyrannula cinerascens LAwR. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. V. 1851, 121. Myiarchus cinerascens Sci. & SALv. Ibis, I. Apr. 1859, 121.

[B 131, C 248, R 313, C 375.] Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, north to Oregon, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado, south to Guatemala.

454 a. Myiarchus cinerascens nuttingi (Ripcw.). Nutting’s Flycatcher. Myiarchus nuttingt Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 394. Mytarchus cinerascens nuttingi ALLEN, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. EV: Deci.rd92)'346.

184 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 131, part, C 248, part, R 313, part, C 375, part.|

Groc. Dist.— Southern Arizona, southward through western Mexico to Costa Rica.

[455.] Myiarchus lawrenceii (Grraup). Lawrence’s Flycatcher.

Muscicapa lawrenceiti GIRAUD, Sixteen Sp. Texas B. 1841, 9 (by actual counting, the text not being paged). Myiarchus lawrencit BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 181. [B 133, C 248, R 314, C 376.]

Geoc. Dist.— “ Texas ” (GirauD) and eastern Mexico.

455 a. Myiarchus lawrencei olivascens Ripew. Olivaceous Flycatcher.

Myiarchus lawrencei olivascens RipGw. Pr. Biol. Soc. Wash. II. April 10, 1884, 91. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Arizona and western Mexico. Casual at Fort Lyon, Colorado.

Genus SAYORNIS Bonaparte.

Sayornis Bonar. Coll. Delattre, 1854, 87. Type, Zyrannula nigricans SWAINS.

456. Sayornis phoebe (Latz.). Pheebe. Muscicapa phebe Latuam, Ind. Orn. II. 1790, 489. Sayornis phebe Steyn. Auk, II. Jan. 1885, 51.

[B 135, C252, R 315, C 379.]

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to eastern Colorado and western Texas, and from the British Provinces south to eastern Mexico and Cuba, wintering from the South Atlantic and Gulf States southward. Breeds from South Carolina northward.

Sli a te ee

ORDER PASSERES. 185

457. Sayornis saya (Bonap.). Say’s Pheebe. Muscicapa saya Bonar, Am. Orn. I. 1825, 20. Sayornis sayus BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 185.

[B.1g6, C 250,/R 316, C397. | Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Plains (central North and South Dakota, Nebraska and Kansas) to the Pacific ; north along the Yukon River to the Arctic Circle; south to Cape

St. Lucas and over the Mexican Plateau to Puebla and central Vera Cruz. Accidental in Massachusetts.

458. Sayornis nigricans (Swarns.). Black Pheebe.

Lyrannula nigricans Swatns. Phil. Mag, I. May, 1827, 367. Sayornis nigricans BonapP. Coll. Delattre, 1854, 87. iB te4, Coane ie S07 Cus7Bal Geoc. Dist.— Southwestern United States, from Texas through southern New Mexico and Arizona to California, and northward

along the Pacific coast to Washington ; south to Cape St. Lucas, Lower California, and in Mexico to Oaxaca.

Genus CONTOPUS Capanis.

Contopus Cas. J. f. O. III. Nov. 1855, 479. Type, Aluscicapa virens LINN.

SuBGENUS NUTTALLORNIS Ruipvew.

Nuttallornis Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 337. Type, Zyran- nus borealis SWAINS.

459. Contopus borealis (Swarns.). Olive-sided Flycatcher. Tyrannus borealis Swatns. in Sw. & Ricu. Faun. B. A. II.

193%, E41, Pls 35 Contopus borealis BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 188.

186 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 137, C 253, R 318, C 380.]

Groc. Dist.— North America, breeding from the northern and the higher mountainous parts of the United States northward to British Columbia and the Saskatchewan River. Accidental on the Lower Yukon and in Greenland. In winter, south to Central America, Colombia, and northern Peru.

SuBGENUS CONTOPUS CasanlIs.

460. Contopus pertinax Cas. Coues's Flycatcher. Myiarchus pertinax Licut. Nomen. Mus. Berol. 1854, 16 (nomen nudum). Contopus pertinax Cas. Mus. Hein. II. Sept. 30, 1859, 72.

[B—, C 254, R 319, C 381.]

Gros. Dist.— Mountains of southern and central Arizona, south through Mexico to Guatemala.

461. Contopus virens (LINN.). Wood Pewee. Muscicapa virens Linn. S.N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 327. Contopus virens CaB. J. f. O. 1855, 479. [Bi rgo) (Ces s iRig20,7C 332:4 Geroc. Disr.— Eastern North America, west to the Plains, and from southern Canada southward, migrating through eastern Mexico

and Honduras to Colombia and Ecuador. Breeds from Florida to Newfoundland.

462. Contopus richardsonii (Swalns.). Western Wood Pewee.

Tyrannula richardsoniti Swains. in Sw. & Ricu. F, B. A. II. 1831, 146, pl. 46, lower fig. Contopus richardsoni BatrD, B. N. Am, 1858, 189. NB )238,C 25c0) Rigen Cis.) Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Plains to the Pacific, north to British Columbia and the interior of British America, south through Central America to Colombia.

ORDER PASSERES. 187

462 a. Contopus richardsonii peninsulze Brewsr. Large-billed Wood Pewee.

Contopus richardsonii peninsule BRewst. Auk, VIII. April, 1891, 144. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Sierra dela Laguna, Lower California.

GENUS HMPIDONAX Capsanis.

Limpidonax Cas. J. f. O. 1855, 480. Type, Zyrannula pusilla SWAINS.

463. Empidonax flaviventris Bairp. Yellow-bellied Flycatcher.

Lyrannula flaviventris Bairp (W. M. & S. F.), Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. July, 1843, 283. Empidonax flaviventris BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 198. [B 144, C 259, R'322, C.388.]

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America west to the Plains, and from southern Labrador south through eastern Mexico to Panama, breed- ing from the Northern States northward. Casual in Greenland.

464. Empidonax difficilis Barrp. Western Flycatcher. Empidonax dificilis BarrD, B, N. Am. 1858, 198 (in text). [B 144a, C 259, part, R 323, C 389. ] Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Plains to the

Pacific ; south to Cape St. Lucas and through western Mexico to Costa Rica ; north to southern Alaska.

464.1. Empidonax cineritius Brewsr. St. Lucas Flycatcher. Empidonax cineritius BREwsT. Auk, V. Jan. 1888, go. [B wns (G aiToN) R—, (G, ral

Geroc. Dist.— Lower California.

188 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

465. Empidonax virescens (VIEILL.). Green-crested Flycatcher. Platyrhynchos virescens ViEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXVII. Loto, 22. Empidonax virescens Brewst. Auk, XII. April, 1895, 157. [B 143,(C 256,.R 324; Cizd4..] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to southern New York and southern Michigan, west to the Plains, south to Cuba and Costa Rica. Rare or casual in southern New England (Hyde Park, Mass.).

466. Empidonax traillii (AUD.). Traill’s Flycatcher. Muscicapa traillii AuD. Orn. Biog. I. 1832, 236. Empidonax traillii Bairp, Bds. N. Am. 1858, 193.

[(Bxgas'C 2570, Rig25jiC 386.) Groc. Dist.— Western North America, from the Mississippi

Valley (Ohio, Illinois, and Michigan) to the Pacific, and from the Fur Countries south into Mexico.

466 a. Empidonax traillii alnorum Brewst. Alder Flycatcher.

Empidonax traillit alnorum Brewst. Auk, XII. April, 1895, 161. [B14o, C257, Rog262@, C385;

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, from the Maritime Prov-

inces and New England westward at least to northern Michigan,

etc., breeding from the southern edge of the Canadian Fauna north- ward ; in winter south to Central America.

467. Empidonax minimus Barrp. Least Flycatcher. Tyrannula minima Bairp (W. M. & S. F.), Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. July, 1843, 284. Empidonax minimus BairD, B. N. Am. 1858, 195. [Bir42, C258, R 276) C1237.) Geoc. Dist.— Chiefly eastern North America, west to eastern

Colorado and central Montana, south in winter to Central America. Breeds from the Northern States northward.

ORDER PASSERES. 189

468. Empidonax hammondi (Xanrvs). Hammond’s Flycatcher.

Tyrannula hammondi Xantus, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. May, 1858, 117. Empidonax hammondi Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 199. [B 145, C 260, R 327, C 390.] Groc. Dist.— Western North America, from the western border of the Plains westward, north to Lesser Slave Lake and Alaska, and south to southern Mexico.

469. Empidonax wrightii Barrp. Wright’s Flycatcher.

Empidonax wrightii BAtrD, B. N. Am, 1858, 200 (in text). [B 146, C 261, R 328, C 391.] Groc. Dist.— Western United States, north to Oregon and Mon- tana, and south to southern Mexico.

469.1. Empidonax griseus Brewst. Gray Flycatcher.

Empidonax griseus BRewst. Auk, VI. April, 1889, 87. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Lower California and portions. of Sonora. (Ari- zona ?)

[470.] Empidonax fulvifrons (Giraup). Fulvous Flycatcher.

Muscicapa fulvifrons GIRAUD, Sixteen Sp. Tex. B. 1841, pl. ii. Empidonax fulvifrons Sci. P. Z. S. 1858, 301. [B—, C—, R 329, C—.] Geoc. Dist.— “ Texas ” (GrRAUD), and eastern Mexico.

470 a. Empidonax fulvifrons pygmzeus (CovEs). Buff-breasted Flycatcher. Empidonax pygmaeus CouEs, Ibis, 1865, 537. Emptidonax fulvifrons pygm@eus Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 356. [B —, C 262, R 329a, C 392.] Groc. Dist.— Western New Mexico and southern Arizona, south into western Mexico.

Igo CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus PYROCEPHALUS Gou.p.

Pyrocephalus Gout, Zool. Voy. Beag. 1841, 44. Types, “ Pyro- cephalus parvirostris (GOULD), and Muscicapa coronata (AUCT.).”

471. Pyrocephalus rubineus mexicanus (SCL.). Vermilion Flycatcher.

Pyrocephalus mexicanus Sci. P. Z. S. 1859, 45- Pyrocephalus rubineus var. mexicanus COuES, Key, 1872, 177.

[B 147, C 263, R 330, C 394.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southern and central Arizona, southwestern Utah, and the valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, south to Lower California and Guatemala.

Genus ORNITHION Harr ave.

Ornithion HartTLavs, J.f. O.1853,35. Type, O. zxerme Harti.

472. Ornithion imberbe (SCL.). Beardless Flycatcher.

Camptostoma imberbe Scu. P. Z. S. 1857, 203. Ornithion imberbe LAwR. Ibis, 1876, 497. [B—, C —, R 331, C 393.] Groce. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, south into eastern Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua.

472 a. Ornithion imberbe ridgwayi Brewst. Ridgway’s Flycatcher.

Ornithium imberbe ridgwayt BREwstT. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl. VII. Oct. 1882, 208.

[B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Southern Arizona, south in Mexico to Puebla and Jalisco.

ORDER PASSERES. Ig!

SuBORDER OSCINES. Sone Birps. FamiLty ALAUDIDZ. Larks.

Genus ALAUDA Linneus.

Alauda Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 165. Type, by elimination, A. arvensis LINN.

[473.] Alauda arvensis Linn. Skylark.

Alauda arvensis Linn. S.N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 165. [B —, C 55 42s, R 299, C 88.]

Geroc. Dist.— Europe and Asia. Accidental in Greenland and Bermuda.

Genus OTOCORIS Bonaparte.

Otocoris Bonar. Nouvi Ann. Sci. Nat. Bologna, II. 1838, 407. Type, Alauda alpestris LINN.

474. Otocoris alpestris (Liyy.). Horned Lark. Alauda alpestris Linn. S. N. ed. 10, 1758, 166. Otocoris alpestris Bonar. Nouvi Ann. Sci. Nat. Bologna, II. 1838. 407.

(Biz02, Cigg 'Rizo0:'C S2.| Groc. Dist.— Northeastern North America, Greenland, and

northern parts of the Old World; in winter south in eastern United States to the Carolinas, Illinois, etc.

192 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

474 a, Otocoris alpestris leucolema (Cougs). Pallid Horned Lark.

Evemophila alpestris b. leucolema CouEs, B. N. W. 1875, 38 (part). Otocoris alpestris leucolema StrjN. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. June 5, 1882, 34. [B —, C 534, R 300a, C 83.]

Geroc. Dist.— Interior of British America, and Alaska, south in winter into western United States.

4744, Otocoris alpestris praticola HENsH. Prairie Horned Lark.

Oltocorys| alpestris praticola Hensu. Auk, I. July, 1884, 264. [B—,C —, R—, C —.]

Groc. Dist.— Upper Mississippi Valley and the region of the Great Lakes to New England, breeding eastward to northeastern New York and western Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Vermont, and migrating south to South Carolina, Texas, etc.

474. Otocoris alpestris arenicola HEeENsH. Desert Horned Lark.

Oltocorys| alpestris arenicola Hensu. Auk, I. July, 1884, 265. [B—, C—, R—, C —.]

Groc. Dist.— Great Plains and Great Basin of the United States, south in winter to northern Mexico.

474 ¢@. Otocoris alpestris giraudi HENsu. Texan Horned Lark.

Otocorys alpestris giraudi Hensu. Auk, I. July, 1884, 266. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern and southeastern Texas.

474¢. Otocoris alpestris chrysolema (WACGL.). Mexican Horned Lark. Alauda chrysolema WaGtu. Isis, 1831, 530. Otocoris alpestris chrysolema StEjN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. June 5, 1882, 34.

ORDER PASSERES. 193

[B—, C 53a, R 3008, C 84.] Groc. Dist.— Coast district of California (north to Nicasio), northern Lower California, and parts of Mexico (Mirador, Vera Cruz, Valley of Mexico, etc.).

4747. Otocoris alpestris rubea HeEnsu. Ruddy Horned Lark.

Oltocorys| alpestris rubeus HENsH. Auk, I. July, 1884, 267. [B—, C—, R—, C—] Geroc. Dist.— Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys, California.

474. Otocoris alpestris strigata HeEnsu. Streaked Horned Lark.

O[tocorys| alpestris strigata Hensu. Auk, I. July, 1884, 267. [B—, C—, R—, C—] Groc. Dist.— Coast region of Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia. Islands off coast of southern California.

474. Otocoris alpestris adusta Dwicur. Scorched Horned Lark.

Otocoris alpestris adusta Dwicut, Auk, VII. April, 1890, 148. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Southern Arizona and New Mexico, western Texas, and southward into Mexico.

4747. Otocoris alpestris merrilli Dwicurt. Dusky Horned Lark.

Otocoris alpestris merrilli Dwicut, Auk, VII. April, 1890, 153. [B aiute: Cc Ted R—, c —.] Groc. Dist.— Eastern Oregon, Washington, and British Colum-

bia, between the Cascade and Rocky Mountains; southward in winter into Nevada and California.

4747. Otocoris alpestris pallida Townsenp. Sonoran Horned Lark.

Otocoris alpestris pallida TowNsEND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XIII, 1890, 138. [B—,C—, R-, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Lower California and Sonora. 13

Ig4 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

FamiLty CORVIDZ. Crows, Jays, MAGPIES, ETC.

SUBFAMILY GARRULINZE. Macpies anp Jays.

Genus PICA Brisson. fica Briss. Orn. II. 1760, 35. Type, Corvus pica LINN.

475. Pica pica hudsonica (Saz.). American Magpie. Corvus hudsonicus Sas. App. Frankl. Journ. 1823, 25, 671. Pica pica hudsonica JORDAN, Man. Vert. ed. 4, 1884, 94.

(i 432,\C 233,\R'286, C347.)

Geroc. Dist.— Northern and western North America, from the Plains to the Cascade Mountains and north to Alaska; casually east and south to Michigan (accidental in northern Illinois in winter), and in the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico and Arizona. Replaced in California, west of the Sierra Nevada, by the next species.

476. Pica nuttalli Aun. Yellow-billed Magpie. Pica nuttalli AuD. Orn. Biog. IV. 1838, 450, pl. 362. [B 433, C 2334, R 287, C 348.]

Geroc. Dist.— California, west of the Sierra Nevada, from Sacra- mento Valley south to about latitude 34°, locally distributed.

Genus CYANOCITTA SrrickLanp.

Cyanocitta STRICKL. Ann. Nat. Hist. XV. 1845, 261. Type, Corvus cristatus LINN.

477. Cyanocitta cristata (Linn.). Blue Jay. Corvus cristatus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 106. Cyanocitta cristata STRICKL. Ann. Nat. Hist. XV. 1845, 261.

ORDER PASSERES. 195

[B 434, C 234, R 289, C 349.] Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America to the Plains, and from the Fur Countries south to Florida and eastern Texas.

477 a. Cyanocitta cristata florincola Covers. Florida Blue Jay.

Cyanocitta cristata florincola Cours, Key, ed. 2, 1884, 421. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Florida and the Gulf coast to southeastern Texas, casually along the coast to southwestern Texas.

478. Cyanocitta stelleri (Gmet.). Steller’s Jay. Corvus stelleri GMEL. S. N. I. 1788, 370. Cyanocitta stellert STRIcKL. Ann. Nat. Hist. XV. 1845, 261.

[B 435, C 235, R 290, C 350.] Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, from Sitka south through the Cascade and Coast Ranges to Monterey Bay.

478 a, Cyanocitta stelleri frontalis (Rivew.). Blue-fronted Jay. Cyanura stelleri var. frontalis RipGw. Am. Journ. Sc. & Arts, 3d ser. V. Jan. 18473, ar. Cyanocitta stelleri var. frontalis BoUCARD, Cat. Av. 1876, 279.

[B—, C 2354, R 2904, C 353+]

Geoc. Dist.— Southern coast ranges and Sierra Nevada of Cali- fornia and western Nevada, from Fort Crook south to northern Lower California.

478 6. Cyanocitta stelleri macrolopha (Barrp). Long-crested Jay. Cyanocitta macrolopha Barry, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 18 54, 118. Cyanocttia stelleri macrolopha Cours, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl. V. April, 1880, 98.

196 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 436, C 2352, R 2900, 290¢, C 352.|

Geoc. Dist.— Southern Rocky Mountains, southern Arizona and northwestern Mexico.

478 c. Cyanocitta stelleri annectens (Bairp). Black-headed Jay.

[Cyanura stelleri| var. annectens Barb, Hist. N. Am, B. II. 1874, 281, in text. Cyanocitta stelleri annectens RipGw. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. 1880, 184. [B 436, part, C 255a, part, R 290d, C 352, part] Geroc. Dist.— Northern Rocky Mountains, south to Wahsatch range, west to eastern Oregon and Washington. .

Genus APHELOCOMA Capanis.

Aphelocoma CaBaAnis, Mus. Hein. I. Oct. 15, 1851, 221. Type, Garrulus californicus V1G.

479. Aphelocoma floridana (DaRTR.) Florida Jay.

Corvus floridanus BARTR. Trav. Carol. 1791, 291. Aphelocoma filoridana Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1851, 221. (B\439\C 236 wR {on Ceca Geroc. Distr. — Florida, of local distribution.

480. Aphelocoma woodhouseii (BarrD). Woodhouse’s Jay.

Cyanocitta wovdhouseit BarRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 585, pl. 59. Aphelocoma woodhcusii Ripew. Field and Forest, June, 1877, 208. [B 438, C 236a, R 292, C 355.|

Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the desert ranges of southern California north to eastern Oregon, east to Montana, Wyo- ming, Colorado and New Mexico, and south to northern Mexico.

ORDER PASSERES. 197

480.1. Aphelocoma cyanotis Ripew. Blue-eared Jay.

Aphelocoma cyanotis Ripcw. Man. N. Am. ds. 1887, 357. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Northern Mexico, ranging northward into western Texas.

481. Aphelocoma californica (Vic.). California Jay.

Garrulus californicus Vic. Zool. Beech. Voy. 1839, 21, pl. v. Aphelocoma californica Cas. Mus. Hein. I. Oct. 15, 1851, 221. [B 437, C 236d, R 293, C 356.]

Groce. Dist.— Pacific coast region, including both slopes of the Sierra Nevada, from the Columbia River to northern Lower Cali- fornia.

481 a. Aphelocoma californica hypoleuca Rivew. Xantus’s Jay.

Aphelocoma californica hypoleuca Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 356. [B 437, part, C 2364, part, R 293, part, C 356, part.] Geroc. Dist.— Lower California, from Cape St. Lucas north to Late 23".

4814, Aphelocoma californica obscura ANTHoNY. Belding’s Jay.

Aphelocoma californica obscura ANTHONY, Proc. Cal. Ac. Sci. ad SE, Ll Oct Rr Teo. 7 5) [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geoc. Dist.— San Pedro Martir Mountains, Lower California.

481.1. Aphelocoma insularis HeEnsu. Santa Cruz Jay.

Aphelocoma insularis HENSH. Auk, III. Oct. 1886, 452. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geoc. Dist.— Santa Cruz Island, southern California.

198 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

482. Aphelocoma sieberii arizonze Ripcw. Arizona Jay.

Cyanocitta ultramarina var. arizone RipGw. Bull. Essex Inst. V. Dec. 1873, 199. Aphelocoma sieberit arizone Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII.

1885, 355: [B 440, C 237, R 295, C 357.] Geoc. Dist.— Southern New Mexico and Arizona, and southward into Sonora and Chihuahua.

Genus XANTHOURA Bonaparte.

Xanthoura Bonar. Consp. Av. I. May 6, 1850, 380. Type, Corvus yncas BODD.

483. Xanthoura luxuosa (LEss.). Green Jay.

Garrulus luxuosus LESS. Rev. Zool. 1839, 100. Xanthoura luxuosa BONAP. Consp. Av. I. 1850, 380. [B 442,10 226, i296,'C 353.)

Geoc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, and southward in eastern Mexico to Vera Cruz and Puebla.

Genus PEHRISOREUS Bonaparte.

Perisoreus BONAP. Saggio, 1831, 43. Type, Corvus imfaustus LINN.

484. Perisoreus canadensis (LIinv.). Canada Jay.

Corvus canadensis LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 158. Perisoreus canadensis Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 27. [B 443, C 239, R 297, C 359.] Geroc. Dist.— Northern New York, northern New England, and northern Michigan, northward to Arctic America.

ORDER PASSERES. 199

484 a. Perisoreus canadensis capitalis Ripcw. Rocky Mountain Jay.

Perisoreus canadensis var. capitalis “Batrp MS.” Rripew. Bull. Essex Inst. V. Nov. 1873, 193. [B—, C 2394, R 2974, C 362.] Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region of the United States, south to New Mexico and Arizona.

484 5. Perisoreus canadensis fumifrons Ripcw. Alaskan Jay.

Perisoreus canadensis fumifrons Rrpcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. March 27, 1880, 5. [B—, C—, R 2974, C 360.] Groc. Dist.— Alaska, except southern coast district.

484c, Perisoreus canadensis nigricapillus Rivew. Labrador Jay.

Pertsoreus canadensis nigricapillus Rrpcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. Ve June 5, 1652. 05. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geoc. Dist.— Coast district of Labrador, north to Ungava Bay.

485, Perisoreus obscurus (Rivcw.). Oregon Jay.

Perisoreus canadensis var. obscurus Ripcw. Bull. Essex Inst. Nov.

1873, 194. Perisoreus obscurus SHARPE, Brit. Mus. Cat. B. III. 1877, 105.

[B—, C 2392, R 298, C 361.] Geoc. Dist.— Northwest coast, from the northern Sierra Nevada and Humboldt Bay, in California, to British Columbia.

SUBFAMILY CORVINZ. Crows.

Genus CORVUS Linnaeus.

Corvus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 105. Type, by elimination, C. corax LINN.

200 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

486. Corvus corax sinuatus (WAGL.). American Raven. Corvus sinuatus WAGLER, Isis, 1829, 748. ; Corvus corax sinuatus Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 00° [B 423) 434, Ci226.R) 280,'C (age. Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Rocky Mountains

westward, and south to Guatemala.

486 a. Corvus corax principalis Ripcw. Northern Raven.

Corvus corax principals RipGcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 361. [B 423, part, C 226, part, R 280, part, C 338, part. | Geoc. Dist.— Northern North America, south to British Colum- bia, northern Michigan, New Brunswick, Maine, New Jersey, North Carolina, etc.

487. Corvus cryptoleucus Coucu. White-necked Raven. Corvus cryptoleucus CoucH, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. April, 1854, 66. (Bi42gC 297, Rozet.Ce20.1 Groc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States, from Texas to southern California, north to Colorado and western Kansas, south into northern Mexico.

488. Corvus americanus AuD. American Crow.

Corvus americanus AuD. Orn. Biog. II. 1834, 317. (B\426,'C 228, Ri2d2,iCiaao.) Geoc. Dist.— North America, from the Fur Countries to the south- ern border of the United States. Locally distributed in the West.

488 a. Corvus americanus floridanus Bairp. Florida Crow.

Corvus americanus var. floridanus BairD, B. N. Am. 1858, 568. [B 427, C 228a, R 282a, C 341.] Geroc. Dist.— Florida.

ORDER PASSERES. 201

489. Corvus caurinus Barrp. Northwest Crow.

Corvus caurinus BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 569. [B 428, C 2284, R 282d, C 342.]

Geoc. Dist.— Northwest coast, from California to Sitka.

490. Corvus ossifragus WILS. Fish Crow.

Corvus ossifragus Wits. Am, Orn. V. 1812, 27, pl. 37, fig. 2. [B 429, C 229, R 283, C 343.] Geroc. Dist.— Atlantic and Gulf coasts, from southern Connec-

ticut to Louisiana. Common in the lower Hudson Valley ; casual in Massachusetts.

Genus NUCIFRAGA Brisson.

Nucifraga Brisson, Orn. II. 1760, 58. Type, /V. caryocatactes.

SusGENUS PICICORVUS BonapartTeE.

Picicorvus Bonar. Consp. Av. I. 1850, 384. Type, Corvus columbianus WILLS.

491. Nucifraga columbiana (WILs.). Clarke’s Nutcracker.

Corvus columbianus Wits. Am. Om. III. 1811, 29, pl. 20, fig. 3. Nucifraga columbiana Auv. Orn. Biog. IV. 1834, 459. [B 430, C 230, R 284, C 344.]

Groc. Dist.— Higher coniferous forests of western North Amer- ica, from the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific, and from Putnam River, Alaska, south to Arizona and northern Lower California. Accidental in Kansas, Missouri and Arkansas.

Genus CYANOCEPHALUS Bonaparte.

Cyanocephalus Bonar. Oss. Stat. Zool. Eur. Vertebr. 1842, 17. Type, Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus WED.

202 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

492. Cyanocephalus cyanocephalus (WIED). Pinon Jay. Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus WiED, Reise N. Amer. II. 1841, 21. Cyanocephalus cyanocephalus STEJN. Auk, I. 1884, 230. [B 431, C 231, R 285, C 345.]

Geoc. Dist.— Rocky Mountains, west to the Cascade Range and the Sierra Nevada, and from British America south to northern Lower California. Accidental in eastern Kansas and eastern Nebraska.

Famity STURNIDZE. § Star ines.

Genus STURNUS Linnvs.

Sturnus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 167. Type, by elimination, S. vulgaris LINN.

[493.] Sturnus vulgaris Linn. Starling.

Sturnus vulgaris Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 167. [B—, Ca R 279; C 363. Groc. Dist.— Europe and northern Asia; accidental in Green- land. Introduced and apparently well-established in the vicinity of New York city.

Famity ICTERIDZAG. BLacksirps, ORIOLES, ETC.

Genus DOLICHONYX Swainson.

Dolichonyx Swatns. Phil. Mag. I. June, 1827, 435. Type, Fringilla orysivora LINN.

494. Dolichonyx oryzivorus (LINN.). Bobolink.

Fringilla oryzivora LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 179. Dolichonyx oryzivorus Swatns. Zool. Jour. III. 1827, 351.

ORDER PASSERES. 203

[B'399, C eto Rae Gisso,)

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to Montana, eastern Nevada, Utah, and Idaho; north to Ontario, and the southern parts of Manitoba, Assiniboia, and Alberta; south, in winter, to the West Indies and South America. Breeds from the Middle States north- ward, and winters south of the United States.

Genus MOLOTHRUS Swainson.

Molothrus Swans. F. B. A. II. 1831, 277. Type, Fringilla pecoris GMEL. = Oriolus ater Bopp.

495. Molothrus ater (Bopp.). Cowbird.

Oriolus ater Bopp. Tabl. Pl. Enlum. 1783, 37. Molothrus ater Gray, Handl. B. II. 1870, 36. [B 400, C 211, R 258, C 313.]

Geroc. Dist.— United States, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, north into southern British America, south, in winter, into Mexico.

495a. Molothrus ater obscurus (GMEL.). Dwarf Cowbird.

Sturnus obscurus GMEL. S. N. I. li. 1788, 804. M (olothrus | ater var. obscurus Cours, B. N. W. 1874, 180, in text.

[B—, C 2r1a, R 258a, C 314.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southern United States, from Texas to southern Arizona and Lower California, south into Mexico.

Genus CALLOTHRUS Cassin.

Callothrus Cass. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phil. 1866, 18. Type, Psarocolius eneus AGL.

204 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

496. Callothrus robustus (Cap.). Red-eyed Cowbird. Molothrus robustus Cas. Mus. Hein. I. Sept. 1851, 193, foot- note. Callothrus robustus Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 589.

[B—, C—, R 259, C 315.]

Groc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, and southward to Panama.

Genus XANTHOCEPHALUS Bonaparte.

Xanthocephalus Bonar. Consp. Av. I. 1850, 431. Type, /cterus icterocephalus BONAP. = L. xanthocephalus BONAP.

497. Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (Bonap.). Yellow-headed Blackbird. Icterus xanthocephalus Bonar. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. V. Roz, 222. Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus JORDAN, Man. Vert. ed. 4, 1884, g2. [B 404, .C. 213. R260, 'Cigtg:]

Geroc. Dist.— Western North America, from Wisconsin, Illinois and Texas to the Pacific coast, and from British Columbia and the Saskatchewan River southward to the Valley of Mexico. Accidental in Ontario and the Atlantic States (Massachusetts, District of Columbia, South Carolina, Florida).

Genus AGELAIUS VIEILLOT.

Agelaius Vie1tu. Analyse, 1816, 33. Type, Oriolus pheniceus LINN.

498. Agelaius phoeniceus (Linv.). Red-winged Blackbird.

Oriolus pheniceus LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 161. Agelaius pheniceus ViEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXXIV.

1819, 539-

ORDER PASSERES. 205

DB igor, \C 2in2, 26x, Caro, | Groc. Dist.— North America in general, from Great Slave Lake south to Costa Rica, excepting western Mexico and the lower Colo- rado Valley, southern Florida, the Gulf coast of Louisiana, and the lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas during the breeding season.

498 a. Agelaius phoeniceus sonoriensis Ripcw. Sonoran Red-wing.

Agelaius pheniceus sonoriensis RipGw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 370.

[B 401, part, C 212, part, R 261, part, C 316, part. | Geoc. Dist.— Northern Mexico and contiguous borders of the United States, from the Lower Rio Grande Valley and southern

Arizona north to the lower Colorado Valley, California, and Chilli- wack, British Columbia.

4984. Agelaius phoeniceus bryanti Rincw. Bahaman Red-wing.

Agelaius pheniceus bryanti Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 370. [B 401, part, C 212, part, R 261, part, C 316, part.| Geroc. Dist.— Bahamas and southern Florida, west to the Gulf coast of Louisiana (Lake Borgne), south to Yucatan and Nicaragua.

499. Agelaius gubernator (WacL.). Bicolored Blackbird.

Psarocolius gubernator WaGL. Isis, IV. 1832, 281. Agelaius gubernator BONAP. P.Z.S. 1837 (June, 1838), 110. [B 402, C 212a, R 2614, C 317.]

Groce. Dist.— Pacific coast districts, from western Washington, south to Lower California, west of the Cascades and the Sierra Nevada. Casually to western Nevada and southeastern California (Inyo Co.).

500. Agelaius tricolor (Aup.). Tricolored Blackbird.

Lcterus tricolor “ Nutr.” Aup. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, pl. 388, fig. 1. Agelaius tricolor Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 29. [B 403, C 2124, R 262, C 318.] Groc. Dist.— Southwestern Oregon, south through California, west of the Sierra Nevada, to northern Lower California.

206 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus STURNELLA VIEILLOoT. Sturnella ViEILL. Analyse, 1816, 34. Type, Alauda magna LINN.

501. Sturnella magna LiInv.). Meadowlark.

Alauda magna LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 167. Sturnella magna Swains. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 436. (Brao6, C274. 'R 263, 'C 320.) Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States and southern Canada to the Plains. Breeds from the Gulf of Mexico northward.

501 a. Sturnella magna mexicana (SCL.). Mexican Meadowlark.

Sturnella mexicana Scu. Ibis, 1861, 179. Sturnella magna var. mexicana B. B. & R. Hist. N. Am. B. II. cite UN Oy [B—, C—, R 263a, C 321.] Geoc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande and southern Ari- zona, and south through eastern and central Mexico to Panama.

501 4. Sturnella magna neglecta (AUD.). Western Meadowlark.

Sturnella neglecta Aup. B. Am. VII. 1843, 339, pl. 487. Sturnella magna var. neglecta ALLEN, Bull. M. C. Z. III. No. 2, July, 1872, 178. [B 407, C 214@)\Ri gba C322.)

Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, Texas, etc., west to the Pacific coast and north to British Columbia and Manitoba, south through central and western Mexico to Guanajuato and Jalisco.

Genus ICTERUS Brisson.

SuUBGENUs ICTERUS.

Icterus Briss. Orn. II. 1760, 85. Type, by elimination, Orzolus icterus LINN.

ORDER PASSERES. 207

[502.] Icterus icterus (Liny.). Troupial,

Oriolus icterus LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 161. Lcterus icterus Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355. [B 408, C—, R 265, C 323.]

Groc. Dist.—West Indies (introduced) and northern South America. Accidental at Charleston, S. C. (AupuBON).

503. Ieterus audubonii Giravup. Audubon’s Oriole.

Lcterus audubonii GiRauD, Sixteen Sp. Texas B. 18.41, 3. [B 409, C 220, R 266, C 330.]

Geoc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, and southward in Mexico to Oaxaca.

504. Ieterus parisorum Bonap. Scott’s Oriole. Léterus parisorum Bonap. P. Z. S. 1837 (June, 1838), 110. [B 4r2, C 219, R 268, C 329,| Geroc. Dist.— Southwestern United States, from western Texas to southern California; north to northern New Mexico, southwestern Utah, southern Nevada, and California to Lat. 38° east of the Sierra

Nevada; south to Lower California and on the tablelands of Mexico to Puebla and Vera Cruz.

SuBGENUS PENDULINUS Vierttor.

Lendulinus ViEILL. Analyse, 1816, 33. Type, Oriolus spurius LINN.

505. Icterus cucullatus Swains. Hooded Oriole.

Icterus cucullatus Swans. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 436. [B 413, C 218, R 269, C 328.] Groc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, and southward through eastern and southern Mexico to British Honduras.

208 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

505 a. Icterus cucullatus nelsoni Ripcw. Arizona Hooded Oriole.

Lcterus cucullatus nelsoni Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vol. VIII. April 20, 1885, 19. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Southwestern New Mexico and southern Arizona, west to Santa Barbara, California, and south to Mazatlan and Cape St. Lucas.

506. Icterus spurius (LINN.). Orchard Oriole.

Oriolus spurius LINN. S. N.ed. 12, I. 1766, 162. Ieterus spurius BoNAP. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. III. 1823, 363. [B 474,'C 2x5, R 270, C324.)

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to the southern por- tions of New England, New York, Ontario, Michigan, and North Dakota, west to the Plains, south, in winter, to northern Colombia. Breeds throughout its United States range.

SuBGENUS YPHANTES VIEILLoT.

Yphantes ViEILL. Analyse, 1816, 33. Type, Coractas galbula LINN.

507. Icterus galbula (Linv.). Baltimore Oriole. Coracias galbula Linn. S. N. ed. 10, 1758, 108. Lcterus galbula Cours, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl. V. Apr. 1880, 98. [PBiges, C2 re Rear e220. Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to Ontario and Man-

itoba, west nearly to the Rocky Mountains, south, in winter, through Mexico to Colombia.

508. Icterus bullocki (Swains.). Bullock’s Oriole.

Xanthornus bullockt Swains. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 436. Leterus bullocki Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 29.

ORDER PASSERES. 209

[Bane C207) R272) C224,

Geroc. Dist.— Tablelands of Mexico, from Puebla and Valley of Mexico north through the western United States to Manitoba and British Columbia east of the Cascades, and from the western portion of the Plains to the Pacific.

Genus SCOLECOPHAGWUS Swainson.

Scolecophagus Swains. F. B. A. II. 1831, 286. Type, Oriolus Serrugineus GMEL. = Turdus carolinus Miu.

509. Scolecophagus carolinus (Mitt.). Rusty Blackbird.

Lurdus carolinus MGLLER, Syst. Nat. Suppl. 1776, 140. Scolecophagus carolinus Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 188 5?

a5 0. [B 417, C 221, R 273, C 331.| Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to Alaska and the

Plains. Breeds from northern New England, northern New York, and northern Michigan northward. Accidental in Lower California.

510. Scolecophagus cyanocephalus (WaGL.).

Brewer’s Blackbird.

fsarocolius cyanocephalus Wactu. Isis, 1829, 7 58. Scolecophagus cyanocephalus Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 18 Bibra.

[B 428, C 222, R274, C 332.]

Geroc. Dist.— Western’ North America, from the Plains to the Pacific, and from the Saskatchewan region south on the highlands of Mexico to Oaxaca.

Genus QUISCALUS Vierrtrort.

SUBGENUS QUISCALUS.

Quiscalus ViEILu. Anal. 1816, 36. Type, Graciula guiscula Linn. 14

210 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

511. Quiscalus quiscula (Linn.). Purple Grackle.

Gracula quiscula LINN. S. N. ed. 10, 1758, 109. Quiscalus quiscula JORDAN, Man. Vert. ed. 4, 1884, 93. [Biaai, € 225, R296, C aan] Geoc. Dist.— Northern Alabama, eastern Tennessee, and east of the Alleghanies from Georgia to Massachusetts.

511 a. Quiscalus quiscula agleeus (Barrp). Florida Grackle.

Quiscalus agleus BAIRD, Am, Jour. Sci. & Arts, XLI. Jan. 1866, 84. Ouiscalus guiscula agéeus STEJN. Auk, II. Jan. 1885, 43, foot-note. [B 422, C—, R 278a, C 336.] Geroc. Dist.— Florida, and the southern part of the Gulf States to Texas ; north along the Atlantic coast to Virginia.

511. Quiscalus quiscula ceneus (Ripew.). Bronzed Grackle.

Quiscalus eneus RipGw. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. June, 1869, 134. Quiscalus quiscula eneus STEJN. Auk, II. Jan. 1885, 43, foot-note. [B—, C 2254, R 2780, C 337.|

Groc. Dist.— From the Alleghanies and southern New England

north to Newfoundland and Great Slave Lake, west to the eastern

base of the Rocky Mountains, and south to Louisiana and Texas.

In migrations, the southeastern States, except Florida and the Atlantic coast district south of Virginia.

SuBGENUS MEGAQUISCALUS Cassin.

Megaquiscalus Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1866, 409. Type, Quiscalus major VIEILL.

512. Quiscalus macrourus SwalIns. Great-tailed Grackle.

Quiscalus macrourus Swatins. Anim. in Menag. 1838, 299.

[B 419, C 223, R 275, C 333.] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern Texas, south to Central America.

ORDER PASSERES. 211

513. Quiscalus major VIEILL. Boat-tailed Grackle.

Quiscalus major ViEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXVIII. 1819, hee (‘B'420/C 2e4, i ama. Co aac Geos. Dist.— Coast region of the South Atlantic and Gulf States, from Virginia to Texas.

FamMity FRINGILLIDA. FIncHEs, Sparrows, ETC.

Genus COCCOTHRAUSTES Brisson.

Coccothraustes Briss. Orn. III. 1760, 218. Type, Zoxza cocco- thraustes LINN.

SuBGENUS HESPBERIPHONA Bonaparte.

Flesperiphona Bonar. Compt. Rend. XXXI. Sept. 1850, 424. Type, fringilla vespertina COOPER.

514. Coccothraustes vespertinus (Coop.). Evening Grosbeak. Fringilla vespertina Coop. Ann. Lyc. N. Y.I. ii. 1825, 220. Coccothraustes vespertina Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. IT. 1831, 269, pl. 68.

[B 303, C 136, R 165, C 189.]

Geoc. Dist.— Western British Provinces, east to Lake Superior,

and casually to Michigan, Ohio, Ontario, New York, and New England.

514a. Coccothraustes vespertinus montanus (Ripew.). Western Evening Grosbeak.

LHesperiphona vespertina var. montana Ripcw. in Hist. N. Am. Bds., Land Bds., I. 1874, 449.

Coccothraustes vespertina montana MEARNS, Auk, VII. July, 1890, 246. é

212 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 303, part, C 136, part, R 165, part, C 189, part. Geroc. Dist.— Western North America, from the Pacific coast eastward to the Rocky Mountains ; southward over the tablelands of Mexico to Orizaba.

Genus PINICOLA VIEILLOoT.

Pinicola VieILL. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, p. iv. Type, P. rubra VIEILL. = Loxia enucleator LINN.

515. Pinicola enucleator (Linn.). Pine Grosbeak.

Loxia enucleator LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 171. Pinicola enucleator Cas. in ErscH & GRUBER, Encycl. 1st Sect. I. 1849, 219. |B 304, C137, ik 166, Cago,]

Groc. Dist.— Northern parts of the northern hemisphere, breed- ing in North America from northern New England, Quebec, the Rocky Mountains in Colorado, and about Lat. 37° in the Sierra Nevada, northward nearly to the limit of trees; south in winter irregularly into northeastern United States.

Genus PYRRHULA Brisson.

Pyrrhula Briss. Orn. III. 1760, 308. Type, Loxta pyrrhula LINN.

[516.] Pyrrhula cassini (Barrp). Cassin’s Bullfinch.

Pyrrhula coccinea var. cassint Batrp, Trans. Chicago Ac. Sci. I. 1869, 310. Pyrrhula cassini TRISTRAM, Ibis, Apr. 1871, 231.

[B—, C 138, R 167, C r91.] Groc. Dist.— Eastern Siberia. Accidental at Nulato, Alaska.

Genus CARPODACUS Kavp.

Carpodacus KaupP, Skizz. Entw.-Gesch. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 161. Type, Zoxia erythrina PALL.

ORDER PASSERES. 213

517. Carpodacus purpureus (GMEL.). Purple Finch.

fringilla purpurea GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 923. Carpodacus purpureus Gray, Gen. B. II. 1844, 384. [B 305, C 139, R 168, C 194.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, from the Atlantic coast to the Plains. Breeds from the Middle States northward.

517 a. Carpodacus purpureus californicus Barrp. California Purple Finch.

Carpodacus californicus BatrD, B. N. Am. 1858, 413. Carpodacus purpureus var. californicus B. B. & R. Hist. N. Am. B. I. 1874, 465. [B 306, C—, R 168a, C—.]

Geoc. Dist.— Pacific coast region, from British Columbia south in winter to southern California.

518. Carpodacus cassini Barrp. Cassin’s Purple Finch.

Carpodacus cassini Batrp, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. June, 1854, I 1g. [B 307, C 140, R 169, C 195.] Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from the eastern base of the

Rocky Mountains to the Pacific coast, and south over the plateau region of Mexico to Mt. Orizaba.

SusGENUS BURRICA Ripnew.

Burrwa Ripew. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 390. Type, ringilla mexicana MULL.

519. Carpodacus mexicanus frontalis (Say). House Finch.

Fringilla frontalis Say, Lonc’s Exp. II. 1823, 40. Carpodacus mexicanus frontalis Ripaw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 391.

214 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 308, C 141, R 170, C 196.]

Groc. Dist.— Colorado and western Texas, westward to Oregon and California, south into Lower California and western Mexico.

519 6. Carpodacus mexicanus ruberrimus Ripew. St. Lucas House Finch. Carpodacus frontalis ruberrimus Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 391, foot-note. Carpodacus mexicanus ruberrimus RipGw. Man.N. Am. B. 1887, 594: [B—, C 141a, R 170a, C 197.] Groc. Dist.— Lower California, and probably adjacent parts of Sonora.

520. Carpodacus amplus Ripew. Guadalupe House Finch. Carpodacus amplus Ripcw. Bull. U. S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Mer, 1. No.\2, April 2, 2876,:157. [B—, C—, R171, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Guadalupe Island, Lower California.

Genus LOXIA Linnaeus.

Loxia Linn. S. N. ed. 10, 1. 1758, 171. Type, by elimination, Loxia curvirostra LINN.

521. Loxia curvirostra minor (BREH™). American Crossbill. Crucirostra minor BREHM, Naumannia, 1853, 193. Loxia curvirostra minor RipGw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885,

354- (B.318)C 143 5°R 172, (Cage, | Geoc. Dist.— Northern North America, resident sparingly south in the eastern United States to Maryland and Tennessee, and in the Alleghanies ; irregularly abundant in winter. Casual at Charleston, S. C., and New Orleans, La.

ORDER PASSERES. 215

591a. Loxia curvirostra stricklandi Ripvcw. Mexican Crossbill.

Loxia curvirostra stricklandi Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354- [B 318a, C 143a, R 172a, C 200.] Groc. Dist.— Mountains of Wyoming and Colorado, west to the Sierra Nevada, and south through New Mexico, Arizona, and the tablelands of Mexico to Guatemala.

522. Loxia leucoptera GMEL. White-winged Crossbill.

Loxta leucoptera GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 540. [B 319, C 142, R 173, C 198.] Groc. Dist.— Northern parts of North America, south into the United States in winter. Breeds from northern New England northward.

Genus LEUCOSTICTE Swainson.

Leucosticte SwAINsS. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 265. Type, Linaria tephrocotis SWAINS.

523. Leucosticte griseonucha (Branpr). Aleutian Leucosticte.

Fringilla (Linaria) griseonucha BRanvT, Bull. Ac. St. Pétersb. Nov. 1841, 36. Leucosticte griseinucha Bonap. Consp. Av. I. 1850, 537: [B 323, C 144@, R 174, C 205.] Groc. Dist.— Aleutian Islands, including Kadiak, Unalaska, Pribilof, and Commander Islands.

524. Leucosticte tephrocotis SwaIns. Gray-crowned Leucosticte.

Linaria (Leucosticte) tephrocotis Swains. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 265, pl. 50. Leucosticte tephrocotis Swatns. in Sw. & Ricw. Fauna Bor. Am.

LT, £8325) 404.

216 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

(Big22, Cra 7s Cig Geoc. Dist.— Interior of British America, south in winter through- out the entire Rocky Mountain region of the United States, but most abundant on the eastern slope. Known to breed only in the Sierra Nevada in California.

524 a. Leucosticte tephrocotis littoralis (Barirp). Hepburn’s Leucosticte. Leucosticte littoralis Batrp, Trans. Chicago Ac. Sci. I. i. 1869, 219, pl. 26, ig. '©. Leucosticte tephrocotis var. littoralis COUES, Key, 1872, 130. [B—, C—, R 1754, C 204.]

Geoc. Dist.—In summer, probably the interior mountainous regions of British Columbia; in winter, northwest coast, from Kadiak southward, and eastward in the Rocky Mountain region to Colorado.

525, Leucosticte atrata Rivew. Black Leucosticte. Leucosticte atrata Ripcw. American Sportsman, July 18, 1874, 241; Bull. U.S. Geol. & Geog. Surv, Terr. 2d ser. No: 2, May 11, 1875, 69.

[B—, C—, R 176, C 201.]

Groc. Dist.— Breeds in the Salmon River Mountains, Idaho, and probably other northern ranges; in winter, mountains of Colorado and Utah.

526. Leucosticte australis Ripcw. Brown-capped Leucosticte. Leucosticte tephrocotis var. australis “ ALLEN MS.” Ripew. Bull. fssex inst. )V.. Dec. 1873, 197. Leucosticte australis Rrpcw. Bull. U. S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Terr. 2d ser. No. 2, May 11, 1875, 79.

BC Reena an Geoc. Dist.— Mountains of Colorado, breeding above timber-line, descending into the valleys in winter; New Mexico.

ORDER PASSERES. 217

Genus ACANTHIS BeEcustTein.

Acanthis Becust. Orn. Tasch. Deutschl. 1803, 125. Type, Fringilla linaria LINN.

527. Acanthis hornemannii (Ho s.). Greenland Redpoll. Linota hornemannit HOLBGOLL, Naturh. Tidskr. IV. 1843, 398. Acanthis hornemannit SvEjN. Auk, I. April, 1884, 152.

[B 321, C—, R 178, C 209.]

Geroc. Dist.— Greenland and eastern Arctic America.

527 a. Acanthis hornemannii exilipes (Covss). Hoary Redpoll. tigiothus exilipes COUES, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1861, 385. Acanthis hornemannit exilipes STEJN. Auk, I. April, 1884, 152.

[B—, C 1464, R 178a, C 210.]

Groc. Dist.— Arctic America and northeastern Asia, south in winter (rarely?) to the northern border of the United States.

528. Acanthis linaria (Linw.). Redpoll.

fringilla linaria LINN. S.N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 182. Acanthis linaria Bonap. & SCHLEG. Mon. Lox. 1850, 48. [Big2i0, C r46, 1462; Ri 279, C.207.| Geoc. Dist.— Northern portions of northern hemisphere, south irregularly in winter, in North America, to the middle United States (Virginia, Kansas, southeastern Oregon).

528 a. Acanthis linaria holbcellii (BReum). Holboll’s Redpoll. Linaria holbellii BREHM. Handb. Vog. Deutschl. 1831, 280.

Acanthis linaria B. holbellii DuBois, Consp. Av. Europ. 1871, 18. [B—, C—, R 1792, part, C 208, part.]

Geroc. Dist.— Northern portions of northern hemisphere, near the

seacoast, south in winter to northern New York and Massachusetts.

218 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

5284. Acanthis linaria rostrata (Cougs). Greater Redpoll.

Atgiothus rostratus Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1861, 378. Acanthis linaria rostrata StryN. Auk, I. April, 1884, 153. [B—, C—, R 1792, part, C 208, part. ]

Geroc. Dist.— Greenland and northeastern North America, south irregularly in winter to New England, New York, and northern Illinois.

Genus SPINUS Kocu.

Spinus Kocu, Bayr. Zool. 1816, 233. Type, Fringilla spinus LINN.

529. Spinus tristis (Liny.). American Goldfinch.

Fringilla tristis Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 181. Spinus tristis STEJN. Auk, I. Oct. 1884, 362. [Bi gr3\C gag, R 18a, C2s3y)

Geroc. Dist.— Temperate North America generally, from southern Labrador, Manitoba and British Columbia south, in winter, to the northern boundary of Lower California ; breeding southward to the middle districts of the United States (Virginia, Kentucky, Kansas, and California), and wintering mainly within the United States.

529 a. Spinus tristis pallidus Mearns. Western Goldfinch.

Spinus tristis pallidus MEARNS, Auk, VII. July, 1890, 244. [B 313, part, C 149, part, R 181, part, C 213, part.|

Geroc. Dist.— Arizona.

530. Spinus psaltria (Say). Arkansas Goldfinch.

Fringilla psaltria Say, Lone’s Exp. II. 1823, 40. Spinus psaltria STEJN. Auk, I. Oct. 1884, 362.

ORDER PASSERES. 219

[B 314, C 152, R182, C 215,]

Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Plains to the Pacific, and from southern Oregon, Colorado, and Utah southward to Cape St. Lucas and Sonora.

530 a. Spinus psaltria arizonze (CovEs). Arizona Goldfinch.

Chrysomitris mexicana var. arizone COUES, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1866, 82. Spinus psaltria arizone St¥JN. Auk, I. Oct. 1884, 362. [B—, C 1512, R 182a, C 216.]

Groc. Dist.— Southern California, southwestern Utah, southern New Mexico and Arizona, southward into northern Mexico.

530 6. Spinus psaltria mexicanus (Swalns.). Mexican Goldfinch.

Carduelis mexicanus Swatns. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 435. Spinus psaltria mexicanus STEJN. Auk, I. Oct. 1884, 362. [B 315, C 1594, R 1824, C 217.|

Groc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, south- ward through Mexico.

531. Spinus lawrencei (Cass.). Lawrence’s Goldfinch.

Carduelis lawrencei Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1851, 105, pl. v. Spinus lawrencei StEJN. Auk, I. Oct. 1884, 262° [B 316, C 150, R 183, C 214.]

Groc. Dist.— California west of the Sierra Nevada, from Lat. 40° south to northern Lower California; Arizona (Fort Mohave and Fort Whipple) in winter.

[532.] Spinus notatus (DuBus). Black-headed Goldfinch. Carduelis notata DuBus, Bull. Ac. Brux. XIV. pt. 2, 1847, 106. Spinus notatus StEyN. Auk, I. Oct. 1884, 362.

220 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 310, C—, R 184, C 218.]

Groc. Dist.— Mountains of Guatemala and southern Mexico, north at least to central Vera Cruz; accidental in Kentucky (AUDUBON).

533. Spinus pinus (WILs.).

Pine Siskin. fringilla pinus Wits. Am. Orn. II. 1810, 133, pl. 17, fig. 1. Spinus pinus STEJN. Auk, I. Oct. 1884, 362. [Bigr7 C148) Ross CO 272.)

Geoc. Dist.— North America generally, breeding in the British Provinces, Rocky Mountains, Sierra Nevada, and high mountains of Arizona, south to Lower California and the mountains of Mexico to Orizaba. Also breeds sparingly in northeastern United States.

Genus PLECTROPHENAX SreEjNEGER.

Plectrophenax STEN. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. June 5, 1882, 33. Type, Emberiza nivalis LINN.

534. Plectrophenax nivalis (Linvn.). Snowflake. LEmberiza nivalis LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 176. Plectrophenax nivalis STEJN. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 33.

[Bg25, Corse, (Re t86,.C e194]

Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of the northern hemisphere, breed- ing in the arctic regions; in North America south in winter into the northern United States, irregularly to Georgia, southern Illinois, Kansas, and Oregon.

534 a. Plectrophenax nivalis townsendi Ripncw. Pribilof Snowflake.

Plectrophenax nivalis townsendi Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 403.

ORDER PASSERES. 221

[B—, C—, R 186, part, C 219, part.|

Geroc. Dist.— Pribilof and Aleutian Islands, Alaska, and Com- mander Islands, Kamchatka.

535. Plectrophenax hyperboreus Ripcw. McKay’s Snowflake. Plectrophenax hyperboreus Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus.” VII. June 11, 1884, 68. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Western Alaska, breeding on Hall Island (and propably St. Matthew Island), Bering Sea.

Genus CALCARIUS BeEcustTEIN.

Calcarius Brecust. Taschb. Vég. Deutschl. 1803, 130. Type, tringilla lapponica LINN.

536. Calcarius lapponicus (LInv.). Lapland Longspur. Fringilla lapponica LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 180. Calcarius lapponicus STEJN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. June 5, 1882, 33: [B 326)\C rea 187.) Cie ae.]

Groc. Dist.— Northern portions of the northern hemisphere, breeding far north; in North America south in winter to the northern United States, irregularly to the Middle States, accident- ally to South Carolina, and abundantly in the interior to Kansas and Colorado.

537. Calearius pictus (SwaIns.). Smith’s Longspur.

Eimberiza (Plectrophanes) pitta Swatns. in Sw. and Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 250, pl. 49. Calcarius pictus STEJN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. June 5, 1882, 33. (Baez Cinga, Rines).C 227.]

Geroc. Dist.— Interior of North America, from the Arctic coast to Illinois and Texas, breeding far north.

222 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

538. Calearius ornatus (Towns.). Chestnut-collared Longspur.

Pilectrophanes ornatus Towns. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VII.

TOF 7, LOO Calcarius ornatus STEJN. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. June 5, 1882, Vvas* i [Bi328,'320) Cres, Rirse, Cieee.)

Groc. Dist.— Interior of North America, from the Saskatchewan Plains south through Texas to Orizaba. Breeds from eastern Mani- toba, western Minnesota and eastern Nebraska westward and north- westward into Montana and Assiniboia. Rare west of the Rocky Mountains. Accidental in Massachusetts.

GrENuS RH YNCHOPHANES Barrp.

Rhynchophanes Batrv, B. N. Am. 1858, 432 (in text). Type, Plectrophanes mecownit LAWR.

539. Rhynchophanes mccownii (Lawr.). MecCown’s Longspur.

Plectrophanes mcecowni LAawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. V. 1851, 122. Rhynchophanes maccownit Ripew. Field & Forest, II. May, 1877, 197. | B33 0,/C.156; Rirga, © 2233]

Groc. Dist.— Interior of North America, from the Sackatchewan Plains south to Texas and northern Mexico; breeds from about the northern border of western Kansas northward throughout Nebraska, western North and South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana to the Plains of the Saskatchewan.

Genus POOCASTES Barrp.

Poocetes BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 447. Type, Fringila graminea GMEL.

540. Poocztes gramineus (GMEL.). Vesper Sparrow. Fringilla graminea GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 992. Poocetes gramineus Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 447.

ORDER PASSERES. 223

(3339, fe7t) C abr, Rito 7 C232]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America to the Plains, from Nova Scotia and Ontario southward; breeds from Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri northward.

540 a. Pooczetes gramineus confinis Bairp. Western Vesper Sparrow.

Poocetes gramineus var. confinis Barrp, B. N. Am. 1858, 448 (in text). [Bi337) part, C v61d, Ri 1974,;C .232.] Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Plains to the

Pacific, north into Manitoba and Assiniboia, south into Lower Cali- fornia and through Mexico as far as Jalapa, Vera Cruz.

5404. Pooceetes gramineus affinis MILLER. Oregon Vesper Sparrow.

Poocetes gramineus affinis MILLER, Auk, V. Oct. 1888, 404. [B 337, part, C 1614, part, R 1974, part, C 232, part.|

Geroc. Dist.— Northern California and western Oregon.

Genus AMMODRAMUS Swainson.

Ammodramus Swatins. Zool. Journ. III. 1827, 348. Type, Fringilla caudacuta WILSON.

SuBGENUS PASSERCULUS Bonaparte.

Passerculus Bonap. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 33. Type, fringilla savanna WILLS.

541. Ammodramus princeps (Mavyv.). Ipswich Sparrow.

Lasserculus princeps Mayn. Am. Nat. VI. 1872, 637. Ammodramus princeps Rrpcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354-

224 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B—, C 158, R 192, C 225. ]

Geoc. Dist.— Atlantic coast, from Nova Scotia south, in winter, to Georgia. Breeds on Sable Island, Nova Scotia.

542. Ammodramus sandwichensis (GMEL.). Sandwich Sparrow. Emberiza sandwichensis GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 875. Ammodramus sandwichensis Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354- PB 33gC a6ok. a) TOZ ko 26a)

Geroc. Dist.— Northwest coast, from the Columbia River to Unalaska.

542a. Ammodramus sandwichensis savanna (WILS.). Savanna Sparrow. fringilla savanna Wits. Am. Orn. III. 1811, 55, pl. 22, fig. 2. Ammodramus sandwichensis savanna Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354.

[iB 232..Circo, R193) C227. Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, breeding from the northern United States to Labrador and Hudson Bay Territory.

5426. Ammodramus sandwichensis alaudinus (Bonap.). Western Savanna Sparrow. Passerculus alaudinus Bonar. Compt. Rend. XX XVII. 1853, 918. Ammodramus sandwichensts alaudinus Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354.

[B 335, C—, R 1934, C 229.]

Geroc. Dist.— Western North America, from the Plains to the Pacific coast region, north to the Arctic coast.

542c. Ammodramus sandwichensis bryanti Ripcw. Bryant’s Marsh Sparrow. Passerculus sandwichensis bryanti Rrpcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VEIL. Jani ro) ress, 517. Ammodramus sandwichensis bryanti Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. WITT 333559354.

ORDER PASSERES. 225

[B 334, part, C 1592, part, R 194, part, C 228, part.|

Groce. Dist.— Salt marshes about San Francisco Bay, and south along the coast in winter to southern California.

543. Ammodramus beldingi Rincw. Belding’s Marsh Sparrow.

Passerculus beldingi Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VII. Jan. 19, 1885, 516. Ammodramus beldingt Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 188s, 354: [B 334, part, C 159a, part, R 194, part, C 228, part. | Geoc. Dist.— Salt marshes of the Pacific coast, from Santa Bar- bara south to Todos Santos Island, Lower California.

544. Ammodramus rostratus Cass. Large-billed Sparrow.

E'mberiza rostrata Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1852, 348. Ammodramus rostratus Cass. Illustr. B. Cal. Tex. etc. 1855, 226, pl. 38. [B 336, C 160, R 196, C 230.] Groc. Dist.— Coast of southern California, south in winter to Cape St. Lucas and northwestern Mexico.

544 a, AMmodramus rostratus guttatus (Lawr.). St. Lucas Sparrow.

Passerculus guttatus Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. VIII. 1867, 473. Ammodramus rostratus guttatus Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII.

1885, 355. [B—5 C 160¢) Ri195, 'C 231.]

Geoc. Dist.— Southern Lower California. SuBGENUS CENTRONYX Bairp. Centronyx Batrp, B. N. Am. 1858, 440. Type, Emberiza

bairdi AuD. 15

226 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

545. Ammodramus bairdii (Aup.). Baird’s Sparrow.

Emberiza bairdit Aup. B. Am. VII. 1843, 359, pl. 500. Ammodramus bairdi GiEBEL, Thes. Orn. I. 1872, 328. (B331,'C wey iremer. veo os, iC is2a] Groc. Dist.— Interior of North America, from the plains of the Red River and Saskatchewan south to Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Chihuahua.

SuBGENUS COTURNICULUS Bonaparte.

Coturniculus Bonap. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 32. Type, Fringilla passerina WILS.

546. Ammodramus savannarum passerinus (WILS.). Grasshopper Sparrow. Fringilla passerina Wiis. Am. Orn. III. 1811, 76, pl. 26, fig. 5. Ammodramus savannarum passerinus Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1385,'355- [B 338, part, C 162, R 198, C 234.] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States and southern Canada, west to the Plains, south, in winter, to Florida, Cuba, Porto Rico, and coast of Central America.

546 a. Ammodramus savannarum perpallidus (Cougs). Western Grasshopper Sparrow.

Coturniculus passerinus vax. perpallidus “ Ripcw. MS.” Cougs, Key,1872,\ 137. Ammodramus savannarum perpallidus Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355. [B 338, part, C 162a, R 1982, C 235.] Groc. Dist.—Western United States, from the Plains to the Pacific coast, south to Cape St. Lucas and the tablelands of Mexico.

547. Ammodramus henslowii (Aup.). Henslow’s Sparrow. Emberiza henslowit Aup. Orn. Biog. I. 1831, 360, pl. 77. Ammodromus henslowi Gray, Gen. B. II. June, 1849, 374.

ORDER PASSERES. 227

[B 339, part, C 163, part, R 199, part, C 236, part.|

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to the Plains, north to southern New England and Ontario.

547 a2. Ammodramus henslowii occidentalis Brewst. Western Henslow’s Sparrow.

Ammodramus henslowit occidentalis Brewst. Auk, VIII. April, 1891, 145. [B 339, part, C 163, part, R 199, part, C 236, part.| Gros. Dist.— South Dakota.

548. Ammodramus leconteii (Aup.). Leconte’s Sparrow. Emberiza lecontett Au. B. Am. VII. 1843, 338, pl. 488. Ammodromus leconteii Gray, Gen. B. II. June, 1849, 374.

[B 340, C 164, R 200, C pe Groc. Dist.— From the Plains eastward to Illinois and Indiana,

and from Manitoba south in winter to South Carolina, Florida, and Texas.

SUBGENUS AMMODRAMUS.

Ammodramus Swains. Zool. Jour. III. 1827, 348. Type, Oriolus caudacutus GMEL.

549. Ammodramus caudacutus (GMEL.). Sharp-tailed Sparrow.

Oriolus caudacutus GMEL. S. N. I. i. 1788, 394. Ammodramus caudacuta Swatns. Classif. B. II. 1837, 289. [B 341, C 166, R 201, C 240.] Geoc. Dist.— Salt marshes of the Atlantic coast, from southern New England to Maryland, and south in winter to the Gulf coast.

5492. Ammodramus caudacutus nelsoni ALLEN. Nelson’s Sparrow.

Ammodromus caudacutus var. nelsoni ALLEN, Pr. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. XVII. March, 1875, 293.

228 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B—, C —, R 2o1a, C 241.]

Gegoc. Dist.— Fresh marshes of the interior, from northern Illinois northward to North Dakota and Manitoba; south in winter to Texas; in migrations visits the Atlantic coast (New England and Lower Hudson Valley to Charleston, S. C.). Accidental in California.

549d. Ammodramus caudacutus subvirgatus Dwicurt. Acadian Sharp-tailed Sparrow.

Ammodramus caudacutus subvirgatus Dwicnt, Auk, IV. July, 1837, 232: [B—, C—,R 201, part, C 240, part.] Geoc. Dist.— Coast of southern New Brunswick, Prince Edward

Island (and probably Nova Scotia), and southward in migration to South Carolina.

550. Ammodramus maritimus (WILS.). Seaside Sparrow. Fringilla maritima Wiis. Am. Orn. VII. 1811, 68, pl. 24, fig. 2. Ammodramus maritimus Swains. Classif. B. II. 1837, 289.

(Bi 342, C165, R 202, .C238.]

Geoc. Dist.— Salt marshes of the Atlantic coast, from Connecti- cut southward to Georgia. Accidental in Massachusetts.

550 a. Ammodramus maritimus peninsulz ALLEN. Scott’s Seaside Sparrow.

Ammodramus maritimus peninsule ALLEN, Auk, V. July, 1888, 284. [B 342, part, C 165, part, R 202, part, C 238, part.] Geroc. Dist.— South Carolina to northern Florida; Gulf coast from Florida to Texas.

5502. Ammodramus maritimus sennetti ALLEN. Texas Seaside Sparrow.

Ammodramus maritimus sennetti ALLEN, Auk, V. July, 1888, 286.

[B—, C—, R202, part, C 238, part.] Geoc. Dist.— Coast of ‘Texas (Corpus Christi).

ORDER PASSERES. 229

551. Ammodramus nigrescens Ripew. Dusky Seaside Sparrow. Ammodromus maritimus var. nigrescens RipGWw. Bull. Essex Inst. WV... Dec: 1873, 108- Ammodramus nigrescens Rrpew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. Aug. 24, 1880, 178.

[B—, C 1654, R 203, C 239.] Geoc. Dist.— Salt Lake and Merritt Island, eastern Florida.

Genus CHONDESTES Swainson.

Chondestes Swatns. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 435. Type, C. strivatus SWAINS.

552. Chondestes grammacus (Say). Lark Sparrow.

Fringilla grammaca Say, Lone’s Exp. II. 1823, 139. Chondestes grammaca BonaP. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 32.

[B 344, part, C 186, part, R 204, C 281, part.

Geroc. Dist.— Southern Ontario and Mississippi Valley region, from Ohio, Illinois, and Michigan to the Plains, south to eastern Texas and northwestern Alabama. Accidental near the Atlantic coast (Massachusetts, Long Island, New Jersey, Washington, D. C., Florida).

552 a. Chondestes grammacus strigatus (Swains.). Western Lark Sparrow.

Chondestes strigatus Swains. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 435. Chondestes grammaca strigata Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. Aug. 24, 1880, 179.

[B 344, part, C 186, part, R 204a, C 281, fart.]

Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Plains to the Pacific coast, north to British Columbia and Manitoba, south through Lower California and Mexico to Guatemala.

230 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus ZBONOTRICHIA Swainson.

Zonotrichia Swatns. in Sw. & Ricw. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 493. Type, by elimination, Emberiza leucophrys Forst.

553. Zonotrichia querula (Nu1Tt.). Harris’s Sparrow. Fringilla querula Nutt. Man. I. 2d ed. 1840, 555. Zonotrichia guerula GaMB. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 2d ser. I. 1847, 51. [B 348, C 185, R 205, C 280.]

Geroc. Dist.— Middle United States, from Illinois, Missouri, and Iowa west to middle Kansas and the Dakotas, and from Texas north to Manitoba. Accidental on Vancouver Island and in British Columbia and Oregon.

554. Zonotrichia leucophrys (Forst.). White-crowned Sparrow. Emberiza leucophrys Forst. Philos. Trans. LXII. 1772, 426. Z{onotrichia| leucophrys Swarns. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna. Bor. Am. II. 1831, 493.

[B 345, C 183, R 206, C 276.] Groc. Dist.— North America at large, breeding chiefly in the

Rocky Mountains, the Sierra Nevada and northeast to Labrador. South in winter to the Valley of Mexico.

554a,. Zonotrichia leucophrys intermedia Rivcw. Intermediate Sparrow. Zonotrichia leucophrys var. intermedia Ripcw. Bull. Essex Inst. V. Dec. 1873, 198. [B 346, part, C 1836, R 2074, C 277.]

Groc. Dist.— Western North America, from the Rocky Moun- tains to the Pacific, and from Lower California and Mazatlan, Mex- ico, to Alaska. Breeds, so far as known, mainly north of the United States.

ORDER PASSERES. 231

55446. Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii (NuvtT.).

Gambel’s Sparrow. Fringilla gambelii Nutr. Man. I. 2d ed. 1840, 556. Zonotrichia leucophrys var. gambeli Cours, Key, 1872, 145.

[B 346, part, C 183a, R 207, C 278.]

Gro. Disr.— Pacific coast region, from British Columbia south- ward into Lower California.

557. Zonotrichia coronata (PALt.). Golden-crowned Sparrow.

Emberiza coronata Pau. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 44. Zonotrichia coronata Batrp, B. N. Am. 1858, 461.

[B 347, C 184, R 208, C 279.]

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast region, from Alaska to southern Cali- fornia. Casually to Guadalupe Island, and in Wisconsin.

558. Zonotrichia albicollis (GMEL.). White-throated Sparrow.

Fringilla albicollis GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 926. Zonotrichia albicollis Swatns. Classif. B. II. 1837, 288. {B 349, C182, R 20g, Cray'ss]

Groc. Dist.— Chiefly eastern North America, west to the Plains, north to Labrador and the Fur Countries. Breeds from Montana, northern Wyoming, northern Michigan, northern New York, and northern New England northward, and winters from Massachusetts southward. Accidental in Utah, California and Oregon.

Genus SPIZHLLA Bonaparre.

Spizella Bonar. Saggio Distr. Met. 1832, 140. Type, Hrinmgilla pusilla WILS.

559. Spizella monticola (GMEL.). Tree Sparrow. Fringilla monticolz GMEL, S. N. I. ii. 1788, 912. Spizella monticola Baird, B. N. Am, 1858, 472.

232 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 357, part, C 177, part, R 210, part, C 268, part]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to the Plains, and from the Arctic Ocean south, in winter, to the Carolinas, Kentucky, and eastern Kansas. Breeds north of the United States, east of the Rocky Mountains.

559a. Spizella monticola ochracea Brewst. Western Tree Sparrow. Spizella monticola ochracea BREwsT. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Oct. 1882, 228.

[B 357, part, C 177, part, R 210, part, C 268, part.] Groc. Dist.— Western North America, east to the Dakotas and western Kansas, south in winter to New Mexico and Arizona, north to the arctic regions ; breeds in Alaska.

560. Spizella socialis (WILs.). Chipping Sparrow. Fringilla socialis Wits. Am. Orn. II. 1810, 127, pl. 16, fig. 5. Spizella sociulis Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 33. [Bi 350, )pard, C178, \Ri2us, C269.) Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to the Rocky Moun-

tains, north to Great Slave Lake, and south to eastern Mexico, breeding from the Gulf States northward.

560 a. Spizella socialis arizonze Cougs. Western Chipping Sparrow.

Spizella socialis var. artizone COUES, Key, 1872, 143. [B 359, part, C 1782, R 2114, C 270.] Geoc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Rocky Mountains

to the Pacific, south in winter to central and western Mexico and Cape St. Lucas.

561. Spizella pallida (Swains.). Clay-colored Sparrow. Emberiza pallida Swans. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 251. Spisella pallida Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 33.

ORDER PASSERES. 233

[B:360,\C 180} Ri an2,'Cl\27a,| Geoc. Dist.— Interior of North America, from Illinois and Iowa west to the Rocky Mountains, Arizona, and Cape St. Lucas, and from Guanajuato and Oaxaca north to the Saskatchewan Plains. Breeds from Iowa and Nebraska northward.

562. Spizella breweri Cass. Brewer’s Sparrow.

Spizella brewert Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Feb. 1856, 40. [Bi 362, C1804, R213, Ci273.] Geoc. Dist.— Western United States, north to Montana and Brit- ish Columbia, south to Cape St. Lucas and Durango. kreeds throughout its United States range. Accidental in Massachusetts.

563. Spizella pusilla (WIzs.). Field Sparrow.

Fringilla pusilla Wiis. Am, Orn. II. 1810, 121, pl. 16, fig. 2. Spisella pusilla Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 33. [B358.-€ 179, Rata Cranes] Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States and southern Canada, west to the Plains, south to the Gulf States and Texas. Breeds from South Carolina, southern Illinois and Kansas northward.

563 a. Spizella pusilla arenacea Cuaps. Western Field Sparrow.

Spizella pusilla arenacea CHavDB. Auk, III. April, 1886, 248. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geoc. Dist.— Great Plains, from Texas to Montana and Dakota. Casual at New Orleans, La.

564. Spizella wortheni Rinew. Worthen’s Sparrow.

Spizella worthent Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VII. Aug. 22, 1884, 259. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groce. Dist.— New Mexico (Silver City), and Chalchicomula, Puebla.

234 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

565. Spizella atrigularis (Caz.).

Black-chinned Sparrow. Spinites atrigularis Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1851, 133. Spizella atrigularis BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 476. PB g020, C765, Rope Ciara) Groc. Dist.— Southern California (north in the deserts to lat.

37°), Arizona, and southern New Mexico, south to Cape St. Lucas and on the tablelands of Mexico to Puebla.

Genus JUNCO Wac LER.

Junco \NAGLER, Isis, 1831, 526. Type, /. pha@onotus WaGL, = Fringilla cinerea SWAINS.

566. Junco aikeni Ripew. White-winged Junco. Junco hyemalis var. atkeni RipGw. Am. Nat. VII. Oct. 1873, 612, 614. Junco aikent Ripew. Field & Forest, May, 1877, 198. [B—, C 174a, R 216, C 262.] Geroc. Dist.— Colorado, north to the Black Hills, where it breeds.

567. Junco hyemalis (LInv.).

Slate-colored Junco. Fringilla hyemalis L1Inn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 183. Sunco hyemalis Scu. P. Z. 8. 1857, 7. iB354) © 17a. euler Groc. Dist.— North America, chiefly east of the Rocky Moun-

tains, breeding from the higher parts of the Alleghanies, the Cats- kills, and the mountainous parts of southern New England north- ward. South in winter to the Gulf States. Casual in California and Arizona.

567 a. Junco hyemalis oregonus (Towns.). Oregon Junco. Fringilla oregana [err. typ.| Towns. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Vibes, reo: Junco hyemalis var. oregonus Ripcw. Am. Nat. VII. Oct. 1873, 612.

ORDER PASSERES. 235

[Biz52,C 175, R 218,'C 2630)

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast, from Oregon north to Alaska, south in winter into California and Arizona.

567 6. Junco hyemalis shufeldti Coace. Shufeldt’s Junco.

Junco hyemalis shufeldti CoaLe, Auk, IV. Oct. 1887, 330. [B 352, part, C 175, part, R 218, part, C 263, part. |

Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region, west in the mountains of the Great Basin to California; in winter south to Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and northern Mexico. Accidental in Michigan, Illi- nois, Massachusetts, Maryland, etc.

567 c. Junco hyemalis thurberi ANTHONY. Thurber’s Junco.

Junco hyemalis thurberi ANTHONY, Zoe, I. Oct. 1890, 238.

[B 352, part, C 175, part, R 218, pari, C 263, part. |

Geroc. Dist.— Sierra Nevada, and deserts and southern coast ranges of California.

567 d. Junco hyemalis pinosus Loomis. Point Pinos Junco.

Junco pinosus Loomis, Auk, X. April, 1893, 47- [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Vicinity of Monterey, California.

567 ec. Junco hyemalis carolinensis BrRewst. Carolina Junco.

Junco hyemalis carolinensis Brewst. Auk, III. Jan. 1886, 108. [B 354, part, C 174, part, R 217, part, C 261, fart.)

Groc. Dist.— Southern Alleghanies (Western North Carolina, €tC.).

568. Junco annectens Bairp. Pink-sided Junco.

Junco annectens Baird, Orn. Cal. I. 1870, 564.

236 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[EC Beare; C264)

Geroc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region, from Idaho and Montana south, in winter, to Arizona, New Mexico and northern Mexico.

568.1. Junco ridgwayi Mearns. Ridgway’s Junco.

Junco ridgwayi MEARNS, Auk, VII. July, 1890, 243. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.

569. Junco caniceps (Woopk#.). Gray-headed Junco.

Struthus caniceps Woon. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Dec. 1852, 202. Junco caniceps BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 468. WB 35 3,6 076; (ie20) (Coan.

Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region, from the Black Hills to the Wahsatch and Uintah Mountains, south to New Mexico, Arizona, and northern Mexico.

570. Junco phzeonotus palliatus Ripew. Arizona Junco.

Junco cinereus palliatus RipGw. Auk, II. Oct. 1885, 364. JSunco phaonotus palliatus RipGw. Auk, XII. Oct. 1895, 391. [B 350, part, C —, R 222, part, C 267, part.]

Groc. Dist.— Mountains of southern Arizona, and southward into northern Mexico.

570 a. Junco phzonotus dorsalis (Henry). Red-backed Junco.

Junco dorsalis HENRY, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1858, 117. Junco pheonotus dorsalis RipGw. Auk, XII. Oct. 1895, 391. [B 351, C—, R 221, C 266.]

Groc. Dist.— Mountains of New Mexico and eastern Arizona, south into northern Mexico.

ORDER PASSERES. 237

571. Junco bairdi BeELDING. Baird’s Junco.

Junco bairdi BELDING, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VI. Oct. 5, 1833, 155. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Southern Lower California. 571.1. Junco townsendi ANTHONY. Townsend’s Junco. Junco townsendi ANTHONY, Pr. Cal. Ac. Sci. 2d. ser. II. Oct. rr, 1889, 76. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— San Pedro Martir Mountains, Lower California. 572. Junco insularis Ripcw. Guadalupe Junco. Junco insularis Ripew. Bull. U. S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Terr. I. No. 2, April 1, 1876, 188. [B—, C—, R 223, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Guadalupe Island, Lower California.

Genus AMPHISPIZA Cougs.

Amphispiza Cours, B. Northwest, 1875, 234. Type, Amberiza bilineata Cass.

573. Amphispiza bilineata (Cass.). Black-throated Sparrow. Emberiza bilineata Cassin, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Oct. 1850, 104, pl. 3. Amphispiza bilineata Cours, B. Northwest, 1875, 234-

PBig5 5, 6.572) R)224,.C 258.

Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from western Texas and Oklahoma west to the west slope of the Sierra Nevada, north throughout the Great Basin, and south in Mexico to Cape St. Lucas and San Luis Potosi. Breeds throughout its range.

238 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

574. Amphispiza belli (Cass.). Bell’s Sparrow. Emberiza belli Cassin, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Oct. 1850, 104, pl. 4. Amphispiza bellit Cours, B. Northwest, 1875, 234. [B 356, C 173, R 225, C 259.] Geroc. Dist.— California west of the Sierra Nevada, north to about Lat. 38°, south to Lower California. Breeds throughout most of its range.

574a. Amphispiza belli nevadensis (Ripew.). Sage Sparrow.

Poospiza belli var. nevadensis RrpGw. Bull. Essex Inst. V. Nov. FO73, 19%. Amphispiza bellii var. nevadensis COUES, B. Northwest, 1875, 234. [B—, C 1734, R 2254, C 260.]

Geoc. Dist.— Great Basin, from Oregon and Idaho south to southern Arizona and New Mexico, breeding throughout its range.

57446. Amphispiza belli cinerea TownseEnp. Gray Sage Sparrow.

Amphispiza belli cinerea TOWNSEND, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. XIII. 1890, 136. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Lower California.

Genus PEUCZEA AvuDUBON. Peucea Auv. Synop. 1839,112. Type, /ringilla bachmanit Auv.

575. Peuceea estivalis (LIcHT.). Pine-woods Sparrow.

Fringilla estivalis Licut. Verz. Doubl. 1823, 25. Peucea estivalis Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 132. [B 370, part, C 170, part, R 226, C 251.]

Groc. Dist.— Florida and southern Georgia, migrating to southern Florida in winter.

ORDER PASSERES. 239

575a. Peuceea estivalis bachmanii (Aup.). Bachman’s Sparrow.

Fringilla bachmanit Auv. Orn. Biog. II. 1834, 366, pl. 165. Peucea estivalis bachmani Brewst. Auk, II. Jan. 1885, 106. [B 370, part, C 170, part, R 2264, C 252.] Geoc. Dist.— North and South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama, west to Texas, and north to southern Illinois and southern Indiana.

Florida in winter.

576. Peucza arizonz Ripcw. Arizona Sparrow.

Peucea estivalis var. arizone Ripcw. Am. Nat. VII. Oct. 1873, 615. Peucea arizone Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. I. Aug. 15, 1878, 129: [B—, C 1704, R 227, C 253.] Geoc. Dist.— Southern Arizona and Sonora.

577. Peuczea mexicana (Lawr.). Mexican Sparrow.

Coturniculus mextcanus LAwr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. VIII. May, 1867,

474. (Mts. of Colima.) Peucea mexicana Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. No. 7,

May 23, 1885, 99. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas south into central and western Mexico.

578. Peuczea cassini (Woopk.). Cassin’s Sparrow.

Zonotrichia cassini Woovu. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. April, 1852, 60. Peucea cassint Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 485. [B 371, C 170 d%s, R 228, C 254.]

Geroc. Dist.— Central and western Kansas, southward and west- ward through Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and southern Nevada.

240 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

579. Peuccea carpalis Cougs. Rufous-winged Sparrow.

Peucea carpalis Cours, Am. Nat. VII. June, 1873, 322. [B—,C 171 bis, R 229, C 257.]

Geroc. Dist.— Arizona and Sonora.

580. Peuczea ruficeps (Cass.). Rufous-crowned Sparrow.

Ammodromus ruficeps Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Oct. 1852, 184. Peucea ruficeps BARD, B. N. Am. 1858, 486. [B 37?) C 171, R 23° C 255-] Groc. Dist.— Coast of California, from Lat. 40° south to Cape St. Lucas.

580 a. Peuczea ruficeps boucardi (ScL.). Boucard’s Sparrow.

Zonotrichia boucardi SCLATER, P. Z. S. 1867, 1, pl. i. Peucea ruficeps boucardi Ripcw. Hist. N. Am. B. II. 1874, 38. [B—, C—, R 2302, C 256.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southern New Mexico and southern Arizona, south into Mexico to Puebla.

580 4. Peuczea ruficeps eremceca Brown. Rock Sparrow.

Peucea ruficeps eremeca BRown, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl. VII. Jan. 1882, 26.

[Bee Re eae

Groc. Dist.— Southwestern Texas, south in eastern Mexico to Orizaba.

Genus MELOSPIZA Barrp.

Melospiza BatrD, B. N. Am. 1858, 478. Type, /ringilla melodia Wis. = &. fasciata GMEL.

ORDER PASSERES. 241

581. Melospiza fasciata (GMEL.).

Song Sparrow. Fringilla fasciata GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 922. Melospiza fasciata Scott, Am. Nat. X. 1876, 18. [B'362, ©) 169, R23) Caza Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States to the Plains, breeding from Virginia and the southern portion of the Lake States northward to. the Fur Countries.

581a. Melospiza fasciata fallax (Bairp). Desert Song Sparrow. Zonotrichia fallax BairvD, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. June, 1854, 119 (nec Melospiza fallax auctorum plurimorum !). Melospiza fasciata fallax HeEnsu. Auk, I. July, 1884, 224. [B 367, C 1694, part, R 2314, part, C 245, part.] Geoc. Dist.— Parts of New Mexico, Arizona, southern Nevada, and southwestern Utah.

581 4. Melospiza fasciata montana HENsuH. Mountain Song Sparrow.

Melospiza fasciata montana HENSHAW, Auk, I. July, 1884, 224. [B—, C 1692, part, R 2314, part, C 245, part.| Geroc. Dist.— Northern Mexico, mountains of New Mexico, Colo- rado, Utah, Nevada, and northward.

581¢. Melospiza fasciata heermanni (Bairp). Heerman’s Song Sparrow.

Melospiza heermanni BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 478. Melospiza fasciata §. heermanni Rrpew. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl. III. April, 1878, 66. [B 364, C 169d, R 2314, C 248.] Gros. Dist.— California, east into western Nevada.

581d. Melospiza fasciata samuelis (Bairp). Samuels’s Song Sparrow. Ammodromus samuelis BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 455. Melospiza fasciata samuelis RipGw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. Mar.

1880, 3. 16

242 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 343, 365, C 169¢, R 2314, C 249.]

Groc. Dist.— Coast region of California.

581¢. Melospiza fasciata guttata (NuTT.). Rusty Song Sparrow.

Fringilla guttata NUTTALL, Man. Orn. I. ed. 2, 1840, 581. Melospiza fasciata B. guttata Ripew. Bull. Nutt. Orn, Cl. ITI-

April, 1878, 66. : [B—, C 169d, R 231d, C 246.] Geoc. Dist.— Coast region of Washington and Oregon, south in winter to San Francisco, California.

581f Melospiza fasciata rufina (Bonap.). Sooty Song Sparrow.

Passerella rufina Bonar. Consp. Av. I. July 15, 1850, 477. Melospiza fasciata rufina Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. III. Mar.

1880, 3. [B 366, 'C 169%, Ri 2314, C247.) Geroc. Dist.— Coast region of British Columbia, north to Sitka.

581 ¢. Melospiza fasciata rivularis BRYANT. Brown’s Song Sparrow.

Melospiza fasciata rivularis Bryant, Proc. Cal. Ac. Sci. 2d ser. I. Sept. 29, 1888, 197. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Lower California, from Comondu northward.

5814. Melospiza fasciata graminea TowNnsEND. Santa Barbara Song Sparrow.

Melospiza fasciata graminea TOWNSEND, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. XIII. 1890, 139. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] . Groc. Dist.— Santa Barbara Island, and, in winter, adjacent

mainland of California.

ORDER PASSERES. 243

5817. Melospiza fasciata clementze TownseEnp. San Clemente Song Sparrow.

Melospiza fasciata clemente TOWNSEND, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. XIII. 1890, 139.

So AES A |

Geroc. Dist.— San Clemente and Santa Rosa Islands, California.

581.1. Melospiza insignis Barrp. Bischoffs Song Sparrow.

Melospiza insignis Barrp, Trans. Chicago Acad. Sci. I. 1869, 359) pl xxx, fig. 2. [B—, C 1697, R 232, part, C 250, part.] Geroc. Dist.— Kadiak Island, Alaska.

582. Melospiza cinerea (GMEL.). Aleutian Song Sparrow. Fringilla cinerea GMEL. S.N. I. 11. 1788, 922. Melospiza cinerea FiNscH, Abhandl. Nat. Ver. Bremen, IIT. 1872, 20. [B—, C 169/, R 232, C 250. ] Groce. Dist. — Aleutian and Pribilof Islands (except Kadiak Island), and east to Fort Kenai, Alaska.

583. Melospiza lincolnii (Aup.).

Lincoln’s Sparrow. fringilla lincoinit Aup. Orn. Biog. II. 1834, 539, pl. 193. Melospiza lincotnt BairvD, B. N. Am. 1858, 482. [B 368, C 167, R 234, C 242.]

Groc. Dist.— North America at large, breeding chiefly north of the United States (as far north as Fort Yukon) and in the higher

parts of the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevada; south, in winter, to Panama.

583 a. Melospiza lincolnii striata Brewst. Forbush’s Sparrow.

Melospiza lincolni striata BREwstT. Auk, VI. April, 1889, 89.

244 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 368, part, C 167, part, R 234, part, C 242, part.)

Geoc. Dist.— British Columbia.

584. Melospiza georgiana (LarTu.). Swamp Sparrow. Fringilla georgiana LATH. Ind. Orn. I. 1790, 460. Melospiza georgiana Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 355.

['B.369, C168, Rl 234) Ciena

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America to the Plains, accidentally to Utah, north to the British Provinces, including Newfoundland and Labrador. Breeds from the Northern States northward, and winters from Massachusetts southward to the Gulf States.

Genus PASSERELLA Swainson.

Passerella Swains. Classif. B. II. 1837, 288. Type, Aringilla tliaca MERR.

585. Passerella iliaca (MeErR.). Fox Sparrow. fringilla tliaca MERREM, “ Beitr. zur besond. Gesch. der Végel, II. 1786-87, 40, pl. x.” FPasserella iliaca Swatns. Classif. B. II. 1837, 288.

[B37 4) C88) "R) 235, )C 282n)

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to the Plains and Alaska (valley of the Yukon to the Pacific), and from the Arctic coast south to the Gulf States. Breeds north of the United States; winters chiefly south of the Potomac and Ohio Rivers. Accidental in winter in California.

585a. Passerella iliaca unalaschcensis (GMEL.). Townsend’s Sparrow. Emberiza unalaschcensis GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 875. Passerella iliaca unalaschcensis Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. Mar. 1880, 3.

ORDER PASSERES. 245

[Bis7s)) C rag, Rk 2360, C283, Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast region, from Kadiak south, in winter, to southern California, and casually to Guadalupe Island, Lower California. Breeds north of the United States.

585 6. Passerella iliaca megarhyncha (Bairp). Thick-billed Sparrow.

Passerella megarhynchus BatrD, B. N. Am. 1858, 925. Passereila iliaca 8. megarhyncha BELDING, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. I. Mar. 1879, 418. [B 376a, C—, R 2350, C 285.] Geoc. Dist.— Sierra Nevada and Coast Range, California.

585¢. Passerella iliaca schistacea (Barrp). Slate-colored Sparrow.

Passerella schistacea BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 490. Passerella iliaca var. schistacea ALLEN, Bull. M. C. Z. III. 1872, 168.

[B 376, C 1894, R 235¢, C 284.] Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region of the United States, east in winter, to the Plains (Kansas), west to Nevada and California.

Genus EMBERNAGRA LEsson.

LEmbernagra Luss. Traité, 1831, 465. Type, 2. dumetorum LEss. = Emberiza platensis GMEL.

586. Embernagyra rufivirgata Lawre. Texas Sparrow.

Embernagra rujivirgata LAwr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. V. May, 1851, Li2, ple Gs Mie 2s [373.2005 236,,Ciann.] Geoc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas and eastern Mexico; casually north to the coast of Louisiana.

Genus PIPILO VIe1.tor.

Pipilo ViEILL. Analyse, 1816, 32. Type, Fringilla erythroph- thalma LINN.

246 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

587. Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Linvy.).

Towhee.

Fringilla erythrophthalma Linn. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 180. Pipilo erythrophthalmus ViEitu. Gal. Ois. I. 1824, 109, pl. 80.

LB 391; C 204,:R 237, .C gon.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States and southern Canada, west to the Plains, breeding from the lower Mississippi Valley and Georgia northward ; in winter from the middle districts southward.

587 a. Pipilo erythrophthalmus alleni CouvEs. White-eyed Towhee.

Pipilo erythrophthalmus var. allent Cours, Am. Nat. V. Aug. 1871, 366. [B—, C 204a, R 2374, C 302.] Gros. Dist.— Florida, and northward along the Atlantic coast to Charleston, South Carolina.

588. Pipilo maculatus arcticus (SwaIns.). Arctic Towhee. Pyrgita (Pipilo) arctica Swans. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. TE1831,'260, pllsx,ig2. Pipilo maculatus var. arcticus COUES, Key, 1872, 152.

[B 393, C 2052, R 238, C 304.]

Groc. Dist.— Plains of the Platte, Upper Missouri, Yellowstone and Saskatchewan Rivers, west to the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains, south in winter to Kansas, Colorado, and Texas.

588 a. Pipilo maculatus megalony= (Barrb). Spurred Towhee.

Pipilo megalonyx Bairv, B. N. Am. 1858, 515. Pipilo maculatus var. megalonyx COUES, Key, 1872, 152. [B 394, C 2054, R 238a, C 305.]

Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region of the United States, west to the Sierra Nevada and southern California, south into northern Mexico and Lower California.

ORDER PASSERES. 247

588 4. Pipilo maculatus oregonus (BELL). Oregon Towhee.

Pipilo oregonus BELL, Ann. Lyc. N. Y. V. 1882, 6. Lipilo maculatus var. oregonus Cours, Key, 1872, 152. [B 392, C 205, R 2384, C 303.]

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast region, from British Columbia south to San Francisco, and, in winter, to southern California.

589. Pipilo consobrinus Rivew. Guadalupe Towhee.

Lipilo maculatus consobrinus Ripcw. Bull. U. S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Terr. II. No. 2, April 1, 1876, 189.

Pipilo consobrinus RrpGw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, II. July, 1877, 60. [B—, C—, R 238¢, C—]

Geroc. Dist.— Guadalupe Island, Lower California.

590. Pipilo chlorurus (Towns.). Green-tailed Towhee. fringilla chlorura Towns. in Aup. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 336. Pipilo chlorurus Batrp, B. N. Am. 1858, 519.

[B 398, C 208, R 239, C 310.] Geoc. Dist.— Interior Plateau region of the United States, from the western border of the Plains to the Sierra Nevada, from central

Idaho and Yellowstone National Park south to Cape St. Lucas, and on the tablelands of Mexico to Guanajuato.

591. Pipilo fuscus mesoleucus (Barrp). Canon Towhee.

Pipilo mesoleucus Bairp, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. June, 1854, 119. Pipilo fuscus var. mesoleucus Ripcw. Bull. Essex Inst. V. Nov. 1873, 183. [B 397, C 206, R 240, C 306.] Groc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States, from the val-

Jey of the Upper Rio Grande west to the valley of the Gila, south into Sonora and Chihuahua.

248 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

591a. Pipilo fuscus albigula (Barrp).

Saint Lucas Towhee. Pipilo albigula Bairp, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila, Nov. 1859, 305 Pipilo fuscus var. albigula CovuEs, Key, 1872, 152.

[B—, C 206a, R 2404, C 307.]

Groc. Dist.— Lower California, north to Lat. 30°.

5914. Pipilo fuscus crissalis (Vic.).

California Towhee. Fringilla crissalis Vic. Zool. Blos. 1839, 19. Pipilo fuscus var. crissalis Cours, Key, 1872, 153. [B 396, C 2064, R 240d, C 308.] Groc. Dist.—Pacific coast region west of the Cascades and

Sierra Nevada, from the Umpqua Valley, Oregon, south to northern Lower California.

591¢. Pipilo fuscus senicula ANTHONY. Anthony’s Towhee.

Pipilo fuscus senicula ANtuony, Auk, XII. April, 1895, 111. [B 396, part, C 206d, part, R 240d, part, C 308, part.

Groc. Dist.— Southern California, and Lower California, south to Lat. 29°.

592. Pipilo aberti Barrp. Abert’s Towhee. Pipilo aberti BAtrD, STANSBURY’S Rep. Exped. Utah, 1852, 325. [B 395, C 207, R 241, C 309.]

Geoc. Dist.— New Mexico and Arizona, north into southern Colo- rado, southwestern Utah, and southern Nevada.

Genus CARDINALIS Bonaparte.

Cardinalis Bonap. P. Z. S, 1837 (June, 1838), 111. Type, C. virginianus BONAR. = Loxia cardinalis LINN.

ORDER PASSERES. 249 593. Cardinalis cardinalis (Lrinv.). Cardinal.

Loxia cardinalis LINN. S. N. ed. 10, 1758, 172. Cardinalis cardinalis Licur. Nomencl. Mus. Berol. 1854, 44.

[B 399, C 203; R 242, C 299.] Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to the lower Hudson

Valley and the Great Lakes, casually further north, and west to the Plains. Resident in Bermuda.

593a. Cardinalis cardinalis superbus Ripcew. Arizona Cardinal.

Cardinalis cardinalis superbus Ripcw. Auk, II. Oct. 1885, 344. [B—, C 2032, part, R 242a, part, C 300, part.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southern Arizona and western Mexico, south to Mazatlan.

593 4. Cardinalis cardinalis igneus (Bairp).

Saint Lucas Cardinal.

Cardinalis igneus Baird, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1859, 305. Cardinalis cardinalis igneus StEJN. Auk, I. 1884, 171.

[B—, C 2034, part, R 2424, part, C 300, part. |

Gro. Dist.— Lower California, north to Lat. 29°.

593 ¢. Cardinalis cardinalis canicaudus Cuapm. Gray-tailed Cardinal.

Cardinalis cardinalis canicaudus Cuapm. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. III. Aug. 1891, 324.

[B 390, part, C 203, part, R 242, part, C 299, part. |

Geos. Dist.— Southwestern Texas, south into northeastern Mexico.

GENUS PYRRHULOXIA Bonaparte.

Pyrrhuloxia Bonar. Consp. Av. I. 1850, 500. Type, Cardinalis sinuatus BONAP.

250 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

594. Pyrrhuloxia sinuata Bonap. Texas Cardinal.

Cardinalis sinuatus Bonap. P. Z. S. 1837 (June, 1838), 111. Pyrrhuloxia sinuata Bonap. Consp. Av. I. 1850, 500.

[B 389, C 202, R 243, C 298.] Geoc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States, from the val-

ley of the Lower Rio Grande south to San Luis Potosi, Puebla, etc. North casually to the coast of Louisiana.

694a,. Pyrrhuloxia sinuata beckhami Rivew. Arizona Pyrrhuloxia.

Pyrrhuloxia sinuata beckhami Ripew. Auk, IV. Oct. 1887, 347. [B 389, part, C 202, part, R 243, part, C 298, part.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southern Arizona to western Texas, and south into northwestern Mexico.

594 5. Pyrrhuloxia sinuata peninsulz Ripcw. Saint Lucas Pyrrhuloxia.

Pyrrhuloxia sinuata peninsule Ripcw. Auk, IV. Oct. 1887, 347. [B 389, part, C 202, part, R 243, part, C 298, part.]

Geroc. Dist.— Lower California.

Genus HABIA REICHENBACH.

Habia Reicu. Syst. Av. June 1, 1850, pl. Ixxviii. Type, Gucraca melanocephala SWAINsS.

595. Habia ludoviciana (Linv.). Rose-breasted Grosbeak. Loxia ludoviciana Linn. S.N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 306. Fabia ludoviciana STEN. Auk, I. Oct. 1884, 367.

[B 380, C 193, R 244, C 289.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States and southern Canada, west to Manitoba and the eastern border of the Plains, breeding from Kansas and the mountains of the Carolinas northward; south, in winter, to Cuba, Central America, and northern South America.

ORDER PASSERES. 251

596. Habia melanocephala (Swains.). Black-headed Grosbeak.

Guiraca melanocephala Swains. Philos. Mag. I. 1827, 438. Habia melanocephala STEN. Auk, I. Oct. 1884, 367. [B 381, C 194, R 245, C 290.]

Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from middle Kansas to the Pacific coast, north to British Columbia and Montana, and south in Mexico to Oaxaca and the Cape region of Lower California.

Genus GUIRACA Swainson.

Guiraca Swans. Zool. Jour. III. Nov. 1827, 350. Type, Zoxia cerulea LINN.

597. Guiraca czerulea (LINN.). Blue Grosbeak.

Loxia cerulea Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 175- Guiraca cerulea Swatns. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 438. [B 382, C 195, R 246, C 291.] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, from southern New Jersey,

southern Illinois and central Nebraska, south to Cuba and Mexico. Casual northward to New England.

597a. Guiraca czrulea eurhyncha CouvEs. Western Blue Grosbeak.

Guiraca cerulea, var. eurhyncha Coves, Am. Nat. VIII. Sept. 1874, 563. [B 382, part, C 195, part, R 246, part, C 291, part.] Geroc. Dist.— Southwestern United States, from South Dakota,

Colorado, southern Utah, southern Nevada and California to Lower California and southern Mexico.

Genus PASSERINA VIEILLoT.

Passerina ViEttu. Analyse, 1816, 30. Type, by elimination, Tanagra cyanea LINN.

252 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

598. Passerina cyanea (LINN.). Indigo Bunting.

Tanagra cyanea LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 315. Passerina cyanea ViEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXV. 1817, 7. [B 387, C 190, Ki 248; C205]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to Kansas, north to New Brunswick, southern Ontario and Minnesota; south in winter to Central America.

599. Passerina amoena (Say). Lazuli Bunting.

Emberiza amena Say, Lone’s Exp. II. 1823, 47. Passerina amena Gray, Handl. II. 1870, 97. [B 386, C 200, R 249, C 296.]

Greoc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Plains to the Pacific, north to the dry interior of British Columbia and Idaho, south to the Valley of Mexico.

600. Passerina versicolor (Bonap.). Varied Bunting.

Spiza versicolor Bona. P. Z. S. 1837 (June, 1838), 120. Passerina versicolor Gray, Handl. II. 1870, 97.

[B 38s, C 297, R250, C294.] Groc. Dist.— From the valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas southward to Guatemala. Accidental in southern Michigan.

600 a. Passerina versicolor pulchra Ripew. Beautiful Bunting.

Passerina versicolor pulchra Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 448. [B 385, part, C 197, part, R 250, part, C 293, part. ]

Geroc. Dist.— Lower California and northwestern Mexico.

601. Passerina ciris (Linv.). Painted Bunting.

Emberiza ciris LINN. S.N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 179. Passerina ciris VIEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXV. 1817, 17.

ORDER PASSERES. 253

[B 384, C 196, R 251, C 292.]

Geoc. Dist.— South Atlantic and Gulf States to western Texas, north to North Carolina and southern Illinois, and south to Panama.

Genus SPOROPHILA Casaunis.

Sporophila Capanis, Arch. f. Naturg. X. i. 1844, 291.

602. Sporophila morelleti sharpei Lawr.

Sharpe’s Seed-eater. Sporophila morelleti sharpet Lawr. Auk, VI. Jan. 1889, 53. [Br383;C 200, Ri2ca. iC i296.)

Groc. Dist.— Southeastern Texas and adjacent parts of Mexico.

GeNuS HUETHETA REeEIcHENBACH.

Euetheta Reicu. Av. Syst. Nat. June 1, 1850, pl. xxix. Type, Lmberiza lepida LINN.

[603.] Buetheia bicolor (Linv.).

Grassquit. fringilla bicolor Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 324. Euetheia bicolor GUNDLACH, J. f. O. XXII. 1874, 312. [B—; Cizor,/R 263. 267.]

Geroc. Dist.— West Indies. Accidental or casual in southern Florida.

[603.1.] Euetheia canora (GmMEL.).

Melodious Grassquit. Loxia canora GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 858. Luetheia canora BREWER, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. VII. 1860, 397: (B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groce. Dist.— Cuba. Accidental in southern Florida (Sombrero Key).

254 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus SPIZA Bonaparte.

Spiza Bonar. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. IV. i. Aug. 1824, 45. Type, Emberiza americana GMEL.

604. Spiza americana (GMEL.). Dickcissel.

Emberiza americana GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 872. Spiza americana Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. March 27, 1880, 3. [B 378, C199, R254, C 287-]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States to the Rocky Mountains, breeding from Texas north to Massachusetts, New York, southern Ontario, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and North Dakota; south in winter through Central America to northern South America; southwest in migrations to Arizona. Now rare or entirely absent east of the Alleghanies.

Genus CALAMOSPIZA Bonaparte.

Calamospiza Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 30. Type, Fringilla bicolor Towns. = Calamospiza melanocorys STEJN.

605. Calamospiza melanocorys STEJN. Lark Bunting.

Calamospiza melanocorys StEJN. Auk, II. Jan. 1885, 49. [Big77,(C 190,/R 256,,C.286.| Groc. Dist.— From the Plains of middle Kansas north to Mani- toba and Assiniboia, west to the Rocky Mountains, less commonly to the Pacific in southern California, and south to Guanajuato and Lower California. Accidental in Massachusetts, New York, and South Carolina.

Famity TANAGRIDZA. Tanacers. GENUS HUPHONTIA DEsMAREST.

Euphonia DesM. Hist. Nat. Tang. 1805, pl. xix. Type, Pipra musica GMEL.?

ORDER PASSERES. 255

[606.] Euphonia elegantissima (Bonap.). Blue-headed Euphonia.

Pipra elegantissima BonaP. P. Z.S. 1837 (June, 1838), 112. Luphonia elegantissima GRay, Gen. B. App. 1849, 17. [B 224, C—, R 160, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern Mexico, and south to Veragua. Texas (GrRAUD).

Genus PIRANGA VIEILLoT.

Piranga ViEILL. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, p. iv. Type, Muscicapa rubra LINN. 1766 = Fringilla rubra LINN. 1758.

‘607. Piranga ludoviciana (WILs.). Louisiana Tanager.

Tanagra ludoviciana Wits. Am. Orn. III. 1811, 27, pl. 20, fig. 1. Pyranga ludoviciana RICHARDSON, Rep. Brit. Ass. Adv. Sci. V.

1837, 175. LB 223, C 120, Ri 162, € /168.] Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Great Plains to

the Pacific, north to South Dakota and British Columbia. In winter south to Guatemala. Accidental in New York and New England.

[607.1.] Piranga rubriceps Gray.

Gray’s Tanager.

Pyranga rubriceps GRay, Gen. B. II. 1844, pl. 89. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Colombia. Accidental in California (Dos Pueblos, Santa Barbara Co.).

603. Piranga erythromelas VIEILL. Scarlet Tanager. Pyranga erythromelas VIEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXVIII. 1819, 293 (= Lyranga rubra AUCT, nec Lringilla rubra LINN.).

256 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

(Bi220, 'C 107, Riba 154.)

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to the Plains, and north to southern Ontario and Manitoba. In winter the West Indies, eastern Mexico, Central America and northern South America.

609. Piranga hepatica Swains. Hepatic Tanager.

Pyranga hepatica Swans. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 438. [Biee2C roo, Rir6s)Ciac7.]

Groc. Dist.— Southern New Mexico and southern Arizona southward to Guatemala.

610. Piranga rubra (LINN.).

Summer Tanager. Fringilla rubra Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 181. Piranga rubra ViEILu. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, p. iv. [BYear, C 108, Rir64, Corss.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, to the Plains, north to southern New Jersey and southern Illinois, casually north to Massa- chusetts and Ontario, and accidentally to Nova Scotia. In winter, Cuba, eastern Mexico, Central America, and northern South America to Peru.

610a. Piranga rubra cooperi Ripcw.

Cooper’s Tanager.

Pyranga coopert RipGw. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1869, 130. Piranga rubra coopert RipGw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354.

[B—, C 108a, R 1642, C 156.]

Geoc. Dist.— New Mexico and Arizona, south in western Mexico to Colima.

FaMILY HIRUNDINIDA. Swa tows.

Genus PROGNE Bote.

Progne Botk, Isis, 1826, 971. Type, Hirundo subis LINN.

ORDER PASSERES. 257

611. Progne subis (Linv.). Purple Martin.

FTirundo subis LINN. S. N. ed. ro, 1. 1758, 192. Progne subis BAtRD, Rev. Am. B. I. May, 1865, 274. [Bigat Cnr Rireo iC non | Geoc. Dist.— Temperate North America, north to Ontario and the Saskatchewan, south to the higher parts of Mexico, wintering in South America.

611 a. Progne subis hesperia Brewsr. Western Martin.

Progne subis hesperia BREwst. Auk, VI. April, 1889, 92. [B 231, part, C 117, part, R 152, part, C 165, part.|

Geroc. Dist.— California, south of Latitude 40°, and southern Arizona; in winter, south to Nicaragua.

611.1. Progne cryptoleuca Barrp. Cuban Martin.

Progne cryptoleuca BAIRD, Rev. Am. B. I. May, 1865, 277. [B 231a, C—, R 152a, C—.] Geoc. Dist.— Cuba, and southern Florida.

Genus PETROCHELIDON Casanis.

Petrochelidon Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 47. Type, Airundo melanogastra SWAINS.

612. Petrochelidon lunifrons (Say). Cliff Swallow. Hirundo lunifrons Say, Lonc’s Exp. II. 1823, 47. Petrochelidon lunifrons Cassin, Cat. Hirun. Mus. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1853, 4. [B 226, C 114, R153, 'C 162.]

Groc. Dist.— North America, north to the limit of trees, breeding south to the valleys of the Potomac and the Ohio, southern Texas, southern Arizona, and California; Central and South America in winter. Not recorded from Florida or the West Indies.

7

258 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[612.1.] Petrochelidon fulva (VIEILL.). Cuban Cliff Swallow. Hirundo fulva Viet.u. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, 62, pl. 30. Petrochelidon fulva Cap. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 47. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.—Greater Antilles and coast of Central America. Accidental on the Dry Tortugas, Florida.

Genus CHELIDON Forster.

Chelidon Forst. Synop. Cat. Brit. B. 1817, 55. Type, Airundo rustica LINN.

613. Chelidon erythrogastra (Bopp.). Barn Swallow. Hirundo erythrogaster Bopp. Tabl. P. E. 1783, 45. Chelidon erythrogastra StTEJN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. June 5, 1882, 31. (Bi2e5, (Cirrs, Rorg4, © 259°] Gros. Dist.— North America in general, breeding from the Fur

Countries south into Mexico ; visits the West Indies in migrations, and winters in Central America and South America.

Genus TACHYCINETA Casanlis.

Tachycineta Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 48. Type, Hirundo thalassina SWAINS.

614. Tachycineta bicolor (VIEILL.). Tree Swallow. Hirundo bicolor View. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, 61, pl. 31. Tachycineta bicolor Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 48. [Bji227, Cirr2; Rowes. Cibo.)

Geroc. Distr.— North America at large, breeding from the Fur Countries south to New Jersey, the Ohio Valley, Kansas, and Colo- rado, etc., wintering from South Carolina and the Gulf States south- ward to the West Indies and Guatemala.

ORDER PASSERES. 259

615. Tachycineta thalassina (Swalns.). Violet-green Swallow. Hirundo thalassinus Swans. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 366. Tachycineta thalassina Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 48. feia2S,) C153, 556. 161] Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from the eastern base of

the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific, north to British Columbia, south, in winter, to Guatemala and Costa Rica.

Genus CALLICHELIDON Barrp.

Callichelidon Bryant, MS. Karrp, Rev. Am. Bds. I. 1865, 303. Type, Hirundo cyaneoviridis BRYANT.

[615.1.] Callichelidon cyaneoviridis (Bryant). Bahaman Swallow. Hirundo cyaneoviridis BRYANT, Pr. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., VII. FOGG) EET Callichelidon cyaneoviridis BRyaNT, MS. Batrp, Rev. Am. Birds, I. 1865, 303. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geoc. Dist.— Bahamas. Accidental on the Dry Tortugas, Florida.

Genus CLIVICOLA Forster.

Clivicola Forst. Synop. Cat. Brit. B. 1817, 55. Type, Hirundo riparia LINN.

616. Clivicola riparia (Linvw.). Bank Swallow. ffirundo riparia LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 192. Chvicola riparia STEJN. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 32. Liizeg, mes. i eic7.'C 162.

Gros. Dist.— Northern hemisphere; in America, south to the West Indies, Central America, and northern South America, breeding from the middle districts of the United States northward to about the limit of trees.

260 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus STELGIDOPTERYZX Barrp.

Stelgidopteryx BairD, B. N. Am. 1858, 312. Type, Hirundo ser- ripennis AUD.

617. Stelgidoptery= serripennis (AupD.). Rough-winged Swallow. Hirundo serripennis Aup. Orn. Biog, IV. 1838, 593. Stelgidopteryx serripennis BAatRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 312.

[B\230,'Cirn6, Ross, Cor6a.]

Geoc. Dist.— United States at large, north to Connecticut, south- ern Ontario, southern Minnesota, southern Montana, and British Columbia, south through Mexico to Costa Rica. Breeds throughout its United States range and south into Mexico.

FamMiILty AMPELIDZ. Waxwincs, ETc.

SuBFAMILY AMPELINA. Waxwincs. Genus AMPELIS Linyezuvs.

Ampelis Linn. S. N. ed. 12, 1.1766,297. Type, by elimination, Lanius garrulus LINN.

618. Ampelis garrulus Linn. Bohemian Waxwing. Lanius garrulus LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 95. Ampelis garrulus LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 297.

[Bigg2, C118, Rorgo, C 166.|

Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of the northern hemisphere. In North America, south in winter, irregularly, to Pennsylvania, Illinois, Kansas, southern Colorado, and northern California. Accidental at Fort Mohave, Arizona. Breeds north of the United States.

619. Ampelis cedrorum (VIEILL.). Cedar Waxwing. Bombyclla cedrorum VixiLu. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, 88, pl. 57. Ampelis cedrorum Gray, Gen. B.I. 1846, 278.

ORDER PASSERES. 261

[B 233, C 119, R 151, C 167.]

Groc. Dist.— North America at large, from the Fur Countries southward. In winter, from the northern border of the United States south to the West Indies and Costa Rica. Breeds from Vir- ginia, the southern Alleghanies, Kentucky, Kansas, Arizona, etc., northward.

SUBFAMILY PTILIOGONATIN Z. Genus PHAINOPEPLA Sc iater.

Phainopepla Sci. P. Z. S. 1858, 543. Type, Ptiliogonys nitens SWAINS.

620. Phainopepla nitens (Swarns.). Phainopepla.

Ptiliogonys nitens Swans. Anim. in Menag. 1838, 285. Phainopepla nitens Sci. P. Z. S. 1858, 543. [B 234, C 120, R 26, C 168.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southwestern United States, from southwestern Texas westward ; north to southern Utah, Nevada, Fort Crook, Cali- fornia, and south to Cape St. Lucas and the Valley of Mexico.

Famity LANIIDZA. Surikes.

Genus LANIUS Linnezus.

Lanius Linn. S.N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 93. Type, by elimination, L. excubitor LINN.

621. Lanius borealis VIEILL. Northern Shrike.

Lanius borealis ViEILL. Ois. Am. Sept. 1. 1807, 80, pl. 50. [B 236, C 134, R148, C 186.]

Geoc. Dist.— Northern North America, south in winter to the middle portions of the United States (Virginia, Kentucky, Kansas, Colorado, Arizona, northern California). Breeds north of the United States.

262 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

622. Lanius ludovicianus Linn. Loggerhead Shrike.

Lanius ludovicianus Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 134.

[B 237, C 135, R.149, C 187.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to the Plains; north to northern New England. Breeds from the Gulf States to Virginia and casually north, on the Atlantic coast, to southern New Jersey; in the interior, northward to the Great Lakes, and through western Pennsylvania and New York to New Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine.

622 a. Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides (Swains.). White-rumped Shrike.

Lanius excubitorides Swatns. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II.

Pood, rs, pl. 34. Lanius ludovicianus var. excubitoroides COUES, Key, 1872, 125.

[B 238, C 135a@, R 149a,C 188.]

Groc. Dist.— Western North America, from the eastern border of the Plains to the Pacific, except coast of California, and from Mani- toba and the Plains of the Saskatchewan south over the tablelands of Mexico.

622 6. Lanius ludovicianus gambeli Ripew. California Shrike.

Lanius ludovicianus gambeli Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 467. [B 238, part, C 1534, part, R 1494, part, C 188, part.|

Geoc. Dist.— Coast of California.

FaMILY VIREONIDZ. Vireos.

GrENusS VIREO VIEILLOT.

SusBGENUS VIRHOSYLVA BonAPARTE.

Vireosylva Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 26. Type, Mzscs- capa olivacea LINN.

ORDER PASSERES. 263

623. Vireo calidris barbatulus (Cas.). Black-whiskered Vireo. Phyllomanes barbatulus Cas. J. f. O. 1855, 467. Vireo calidris barbatuius Cours, B. Col. Vall. 1878, 491. (Bi2as.@) nea, Rirae C nga Groc. Dist.— Bahamas, Cuba, and southern Florida.

624. Vireo olivaceus (Linv.). Red-eyed Vireo. Muscicapa olivacea Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 327. Vireo olivaceus Bonar. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. II. 1826, 71. [Bi240;O) 122, Ri ra5 Orzo.)

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to Colorado, Utah, and British Columbia; north to the arctic regions; south, in winter, from Florida to northern South America. Breeds nearly throughout its North American range.

625. Vireo flavoviridis (Cass.). Yellow-green Vireo. Vireosyluia flavoviridis Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. V. Feb. FOUL, Te. Vireo flavoviridis BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 332. [B 241, C—, R 136, C 171.] Geoc. Dist.-— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, south-

ward to Panama, Ecuador, Peru and Upper Amazon. Accidental at Godbout, Province of Quebec, and at Riverside, California.

626. Vireo philadelphicus (Cass.). Philadelphia Vireo. Vireosyluia philadelphica Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. V. Feb. 1865, 1535 pli) Os tie 2. Vireo philadelphicus BairD, B. N. Am. 1858, 335. [B 244, C 124, R 138, C 173.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, north to Hudson Bay ; south, in winter, to Costa Rica and Panama. Not recorded from Mexico or the West Indies. Breeds from Maine, New Hampshire, and Manitoba northward.

264 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

627. Vireo gilvus (VIEILL.). Warbling Vireo. Muscicapa gilva ViEILL. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, 65, pl. 34. Vireo gilvus Bonap. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. IV. 1824, 176.

(B245,'Crrzs,t2s@, R130; 1300,'C 174, 175-1 Geroc. Dist.— North America in general, from the Fur Countries to Oaxaca, Mexico. Breeds throughout the greater part of its range.

SusGENUS LANIVIREO Barrp.

Lanivireo BAtrD, Rev. Am. B. I. May, 1866, 345. Type, Vireo flavifrons VIEILL.

628. Vireo flavifrons VIEILL. Yellow-throated Vireo. Vireo flavifrons ViEILL. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, 85, pl. 54. (Biece/Cinab, Rigor 1760 Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to Ontario and Mani- toba ; south, in winter, to Colombia. Breeds from Florida and the Gulf States northward.

629. Vireo solitarius (WILS.). Blue-headed Vireo. Muscicapa solitaria Wits. Am. Orn. II. 1810, 43, pl. 17, fig. 6. Vireo solitarius V1EILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXXVI. 1819, 103. [B.250,;C 127, Raat, © as)

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America to the Plains, north to Hudson Bay and Fort Simpson. South, in winter, to Guatemala. Breeds from southern New England and the northern part of the Lake States northward.

629'a. Vireo solitarius cassinii (XaNrus). Cassin’s Vireo.

Vireo cassinit XANT. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1858, 117. Vireo solitarius var. cassint HENSH. Rep. Orn. Spec. (Wheeler’s Exp.), 1874, 105.

ORDER PASSERES. 265

[B 251, C—, R 1414, C 178.]

Groc. Dist.— Western United States; confined to the Pacific slope, from British Columbia southward, during the breeding season.

629 6. Vireo solitarius plumbeus (CovEs). Plumbeous Vireo.

Vireo plumbeus Covues, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1866, 74. Vireo solitarius var. plumbeus ALLEN, Bull. M. C. Z. III. 1872, 176. [B—, C 127a, R 141d, C 179.]

Groc. Dist.— Southern Rocky Mountain region from the eastern base of the mountains westward to the desert ranges of the Great Basin, and from southern Wyoming south, in winter, to Oaxaca, Mex- ico. Accidental in New York.

629 c. Vireo solitarius alticola Brewsr. Mountain Solitary Vireo.

Vireo solitarius alticola Brewst. Auk, III. Jan. 1886, rrr. [B 250, part, C 127, part, R 141, part, C 177, part.)

Gro. Dist.— Southern Alleghanies (western North Carolina, etc.), south in winter to Florida.

6297. Vireo solitarius lucasanus Brewstr. St. Lucas Solitary Vireo.

Vireo solitarius lucasanus Brewst. Auk, VIII. April, 1891, 147. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geoc. Dist.— Lower California.

SuBGENUS VIREO VIEILLOT.

Vireo Nieuw.) Ois, Amy, Sept. 1.) 1807, '83..\ Lype,, Vi weusicus VIEILL. = Muscicapa noveboracensis GMEL.

630. Vireo atricapillus Woopu. Black-capped Vireo.

Vireo atricapillus Woopu. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1852, 60. PBi427) > £3 35 Re Tag. eon. Geoc. Dist.— Central and western Texas, from the Rio Grande north to southwestern Kansas.

266 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

631. Vireo noveboracensis (GMEL.). White-eyed Vireo.

Muscicapa noveboracensis GMEL. S. N. I. il. 1788, 947. Vireo noveboracensis BonaP. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. IV. 1824, 176. [Bi248,.C 129, 143,.C 1855) Groce. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to the Rocky Moun- tains; north to southern New England and Minnesota; south in win-

ter, from Florida to Guatemala and Honduras. Breeds from Florida and the Gulf States northward. Resident in Bermuda.

651@. Vireo noveboracensis maynardi Brewst. Key West Vireo.

Vireo noveboracensis maynardi Brewst. Auk, IV. April, 1887, 148. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Southern Florida. 632. Vireo huttoni Cass. Hutton’s Vireo. Vireo huttoni Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1851, 150, pl. 10, fig. 1. [B 249, C 130, R 144, C 182.] Geroc. Dist.— Southern and central California, west of the Sierra

Nevada.

632 a. Vireo huttoni stephensi Brewst. Stephens’s Vireo.

Vireo huttoni stephensi BRewsv. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. July, 1882, 142.

[B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Arizona, western Mexico, and Lower California. 632c. Vireo huttoni obscurus ANTHONY. Anthony’s Vireo.

Vireo huttoni obscurus ANTHONY, Zoe, I. Dec. 1890, 306.

ORDER PASSERES. 267

spa itn GUT Ny

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast, from Oregon to southern British Columbia, south in winter to California.

633. Vireo bellii Aup. Bell’s Vireo.

Vireo belt Aup. B. Am. VII. 1844, 333, pl. 485. [Beu6; Ciigm BR tac 763))] Geroc. Dist.— Upper Mississippi Valley and Great Plains, from

Dakota, Minnesota, Illinois, and western Indiana, southwestward to Mexico.

633 a. Vireo bellii pusillus (Covss).

Least Vireo.

Vireo pusillus Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1866, 76. Vireo bellit pusillus Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354.

[B—, C 132, R 146, C 184.]

Geroc. Dist.— Arizona and California, south to Cape St. Lucas, and throughout western Mexico.

634. Vireo vicinior Cougs. Gray Vireo.

Vireo vicinior Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1866, 75. [B—, C 128, R 147, C 180.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States, from western Texas and New Mexico to southern and Lower California and north- western Mexico, north to southern Nevada (Grapevine Mts., Lat. 37°) and the Grand Cajon of the Colorado in Arizona.

Famity CCSREBIDZS. Honey CREEPERS.

Genus CGiREBA VIEILLOor.

Cereba ViriLtot, Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, 70. Type, Certhia fiaveola LINN.

268 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

635. Coereba bahamensis (REICH.). Bahama Honey Creeper.

Certhiola bahamensis Reicu. Handb. I. 1853, 253. Cereba bahamensis A. O. U. Code and Check-List, Suppl. 1889,

23: [Bigar, © 106, Ri zg9,'C 153-4 Geos. Dist.— Bahamas, and the Keys of the southern coast of Florida.

Famity MNIOTILTIDAS. Woop WarBLErs.

Genus MNIOTILTA Viervor. Mniotilta Vini.i. Analyse, 1816, 45. Type, Wotacilla varia LINN.

636. Mniotilta varia (Linn.). Black and White Warbler.

Motacilla varia LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 333. Mniotilta varia Vi8tLu. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXI. 1818, 230.

[B 167, C 57, R 74, 74a, C 91, 92.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States to the Plains, north to Fort Simpson, south, in winter, through Central America and the West Indies to Venezuela and Colombia. Breeds from Virginia and southern Kansas northward, and winters from Florida and the Gulf States southward.

Genus PROTONOTARIA Barrp.

Protonotaria Batrp, B. N. Am. 1858, 239. Type, Motacilla citrea BODD.

637. Protonotaria citrea (Bopp.). Prothonotary Warbler. Motacilla citrea Bopp. Tabl. P. E. 1783, 44. Protonotaria citrea BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 239.

ORDER PASSERES. 269

[B 169, C 59, R 75, C 95.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to Nebraska and Kansas, north to Virginia, southern Michigan, and Iowa, casually to New England, Ontario, and Minnesota; in winter Cuba and northern South America. Breeds throughout its United States range.

Genus HELINAIA Avupvpon. Helinaia AuD. Synop. 1839, 66. Type, Sylvia swainsonii Aun.

638. Helinaia swainsonii Aup. Swainson’s Warbler.

Sylvia swainsoniit AuD. Orn. Biog. II. 1834, 563, pl. 198. Helinaia swainsonit AuD. Synop. 1839, 66. [5 279):C 62, Ri 76,(C 97: | Geroc. Dist.— Southeastern United States, north to southern Vir- ginia (Dismal Swamp), southwestern Indiana, southeastern Missouri, and west to Texas; in winter, south to Vera Cruz, Mexico, and Jamaica.

Genus HELMITHERUS RarineEsQue.

Helmitherus Rar¥in. Journ. de Phys. LXXXVIII. 1819, 417. Type, Motacilla vermivora GMEL.

639. Helmitherus vermivorus (GMEL.). Worm-eating Warbler.

Motacilla vermivora GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 951. fTelmitheros vermivora BonaP. Consp. Av. I. April 20, 1850, 314. [B 178, C 60, R77, C 96.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to southern New York and southern New England, west to eastern Nebraska and Texas; south, in winter, to Cuba and northern South America. Breeds throughout its United States range.

Genus HELMINTHOPHILA Rincway.

felminthophila Ripew. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Jan. 1882, 53. Type, Sylvia ruficapilla Wits.

270 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

640. Helminthophila bachmanii (Aup.). Bachman’s Warbler. Sylvia bachmanii AupD. Orn. Biog. II. 1834, 483, pl. 183. fLelminthophila bachmant Ripew. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Jan. 1882, 53.

[Bir82,C 64 R78 Cros

Geoc. Dist.— South Atlantic States (southern Virginia to Florida), and westward to Louisiana; Cuba, in winter.

641. Helminthophila pinus (Linn.). Blue-winged Warbler. Certhia pinus Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 187. Flelminthophila pinus Ripcw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Jan. 1602, 53. [B 180, C 62, R 79, C 98.] Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States, from southern New York, southern New England, and southern Minnesota southward, and

west to Nebraska and Texas. In winter, south to Mexico, Guate- mala and Nicaragua.

642. Helminthophila chrysoptera (Linn.). Golden-winged Warbler. Motacilla chrysoptera Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 333. Helminthophila chrysoptera Ripew. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Jan. 1882, 53.

[Bin8n, (C62) RSn, CC o2.4 Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to southern New England, southwestern Ontario, and southern Minnesota; breeding from northern New Jersey and northern Indiana northward, and

southward along the Alleghanies to South Carolina. Central Amer- ica and northern South America in winter.

643. Helminthophila lucize (Cooper). Lucy’s Warbler. Lelminthophaga lucie CooPEr, Pr. Cal. Ac. Sci. July, 1862, 120. Eelminthophila lucie Ripcw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Jan. 1882, 54.

ORDER PASSERES. 271

[B—, C 65, R 83, C 104.]

Geoc. Dist.— Arizona and extreme southwestern Utah, from the Santa Clara Valley southward to Sonora, Mexico.

644. Helminthophila virginize (Barrp). Virginia’s Warbler. Helminthophaga virginie Barrp, B. N. Am. ed. 1860, Atlas, p. xi. foot-note, pl. 79, fig. r. Helminthophila virginie Riwew. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Jan. 1882, 54.

[B—, C 66, R 84, C 105. ]

Gzoc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region of the United States, from Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, and Nevada southward on the tableland of Mexico to Guanajuato.

645. Helminthophila ruficapilla (WILs.). Nashville Warbler. Sylvia ruficapilla Wits. Am. Orn. III. 1811, 120, pl. 27, fig. 3. Helminthophila rujicapilla Rripcw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Jan. 1882, 54.

[B 183, part, C 67, part, R 85, part, C 106, part.)

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America to the Plains, north to the Fur Countries, breeding from the northern United States northward. Mexico and Guatemala in winter.

645a. Helminthophila ruficapilla gutturalis Rivcw. Calaveras Warbler. Helminthophaga ruficapilla var. gutturalis Ripcw. in Hist. N. Am) Be Ti Jian.1$74, 191. Helminthophila ruficapilla gutturalis Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354.

[B 183, part, C 67, part, R 85, part, C 106, part.|

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, eastward, during migrations, to the Rocky Mountains, northward to Kadiak, Alaska, and southward to Lower California and western Mexico.

272 ORDER PASSERES.

646. Helminthophila celata (Say).

Orange-crowned Warbler. Sylvia celata Say, Lone’s Exp. I. 1823, 169. Helminthophila celata Rrpcw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Jan. 1882, 54. [B 184, part, C 68, R 86, C 107.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, breeding as far northward as the Yukon and Mackenzie River districts, and southward through the Rocky Mountains, and wintering in the south Atlantic and Gulf States and Mexico. Rare east of the Alleghanies, north of Virginia.

646 a. Helminthophila celata lutescens (Ripew.). Lutescent Warbler.

Helminthophaga celata var. lutescens RrpGw. Am. Jour. Sci. & Arts; 1872,45 72 Helminthophila celata lutescens Brewst. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. April, 1882, 85. [B 184, part, C 68a, R 86a, C 108.] Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific.

646 4. Helminthophila celata sordida Townsenp. Dusky Warbler.

Hlelminthophila celata sordida TOWNSEND, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. XITI. 1890, 139. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— San Clemente, Santa Cruz, and Santa Rosa Islands, California.

647. Helminthophila peregrina (WILS.).

Tennessee Warbler. Sylvia peregrina Wits. Am. Orn. III. 1811, 83, pl. 25, fig. 2. Helminthophila peregrina Ripcw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. Jan. 1882, 54. [B 185, C 69, R'87,'C 109,

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, breeding from northern New York and northern New England northward to Hudson Bay Territory; in winter south through eastern Mexico to Costa Rica and Colombia.

ORDER PASSERES. 273

Genus COMPSOTHLYPIS Casanis.

Compsothlypis Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 20. Type, Parus amert-

canus LINN.

648. Compsothlypis americana ( Linv.). Parula Wavrbler.

Parus americanus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 190. Compsothlypis americana Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 20. [B 168, C 58, R 88, C 93.] Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to the Plains, north to Canada, and south in winter to the West Indies, Eastern Mexico and Nicaragua. Breeds locally throughout its United States range.

649. Compsothlypis nigrilora (CovEs).

Sennett’s Warbler. Parula nigrilora Cours, Bull. U.S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Tens.

IV. 1878, 11. Compsothlypis nigrilora StEyN. Auk, I. April, 1884, 170.

[B—, C-, R 89a, C 94.] Groc. Dist.— Valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, and

southward in Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, and southeastern San Luis

Potosi.

Genus DENDROICA Gray.

SuBGENUS PERISSOGLOSSA Bairp.

Perissoglossa BAarRD, Rev. Am. B. I. April, 1865, 180. Type,

Motacilla tigrina GMEL.

650. Dendroica tigrina (GMEL.). Cape May Warbler. Motacilla tigrina GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 985. Dendroica tigrina Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 286. 18

274 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 206, C 85, Rgo, C 126.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, north to Lake Winnipeg and Hudson Bay Territory, west to the Plains. Breeds from north- ern New England northward ; winters in the West Indies.

SuBGENUS PHUCEDRAMUS Cougs.

Peucedramus CouEs, in Zool. Wheeler’s Exp. 1876, 201. Type, Sylvia olivacea GIRAUD.

651. Dendroica olivacea (GrIRAUD). Olive Warbler.

Sylvia olivacea GIRAUD, Sixteen Sp. Tex. B. 1841, 29, pl. 7, fig. 2. Dendroica olivacea BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 305. [B—, C—, R 92, C 110.]

Groc. Dist.— Highlands of Guatemala and Mexico, north to southern New Mexico and Mt. Graham, Arizona.

SuBGENUS DENDROICA Gray.

Dendroiwa Gray, List Gen. B. App. 1842, 8. Type, Motacilla coronata LINN.

652. Dendroica zstiva (GMEL.). Yellow Warbler.

Motacilla estiva GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 996. Dendrowa estiva BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 282.

[eos \C yorR geil ars,|

Groc. Dist.— North America at large, except southwestern part, south in winter to Central America and northern South America. Breeds nearly throughout its North American range.

652 a. Dendroica zstiva sonorana BreEwstT. Sonora Yellow Warbler.

Dendroica estiva sonorana BRrewst. Auk, V. April, 1888, 137.

ORDER PASSERES. 275

[B 203, part, C 70, part, R 03, part, C 111, part.]

Groc. Dist.— Southern Arizona to western Texas and northwest- ern Mexico.

653. Dendroica bryanti castaneiceps Ripcw. Mangrove Warbler. Dendroica bryanti castaneiceps Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. Sept. 2, 1885, 350. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Western Mexico, and southern part of Lower Cali- fornia.

654. Dendroica czrulescens (GMEL.). Black-throated Blue Warbler. _ Motacilla cerulescens GMEL. S. N. I. 1788, 960. Dendroica cerulescens BAiRD, Rev. Am. B. I. April, 1865, 186. [B 193, C 76, R 94, C 117.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America to the Plains, breeding from northern New England and northern New York northward to Labra- dor, and in the Alleghanies south to northern Georgia; West Indies and Guatemala in winter. Accidental on the Farallon Islands, Cali- fornia.

655. Dendroica coronata (Linv.). Myrtle Warbler. Motacilla coronaia Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 333. Dendroica coronata GRAY, List Gen. B. App. 1842, 8. [B\t94,C 78,8 og. 119.)

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, chiefly, straggling more or less commonly westward to the Pacific; breeds from the northern United States northward, and winters from southern New England and the Ohio valley southward to the West Indies, and through Mexico to Panama.

656. Dendroica auduboni (Towns.). Audubon’s Warbler.

Sylvia auduboni Towns. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VII. 1837, rgr. Dendroica audubonii BairvD, B. N. Am. 1858, 273.

276 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 195, C 79, R96, C 120.]

Gros. Dist.— Western United States, east to the western border of the Plains and north to British Columbia; south in winter to Guatemala. Accidental in Pennsylvania and Massachusetts.

657. Dendroica maculosa (GMEL.). Magnolia Warbler. Motacilla maculosa Gu. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 984. Dendroica maculosa BatrD, B.N. Am. 1858, 284. [Beo4,'C'S4,.R97,C r25-]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to the base of the Rocky Mountains, and casually to British Columbia; breeding from northern New England, northern New York, and northern Michigan, to Hudson Bay Territory and southward in the Alleghanies to Penn- sylvania. In winter, Bahamas, Cuba, and south through eastern Mexico to Panama.

658. Dendroica czerulea (WILs.). Cerulean Warbler. Sylvia cerulea Wits. Am. Orn. II. 1810, 141, pl. 17, fig. 5. Dendroica cerulea BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 280. [B 20s Cy 7, BR 98.1C. x28]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States and southern Ontario, west to the Plains. Rare or casual east of central New York and the Alleghanies. In winter south to Cuba (rare), southeastern Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia. Breeds from West Virginia, Tennessee, Missouri, and Kansas northward to Minnesota.

659. Dendroica pensylvanica (LINN.). Chestnut-sided Warbler. Motacilla pensylvanica Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 333. Dendroica pennsylvanica Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 279. [B 200, C 83, R 9g, C 124.]

Groc. Disr.— Eastern United States and southern Ontario, west to Manitoba and the Plains, breeding southward to central Illinois and northern New Jersey, and in the Appalachian highlands probably to northern Georgia. Visits the Bahamas, eastern Mexico, Central America and Panama in winter.

ORDER PASSERES. 277

660. Dendroica castanea (WILS.). Bay-breasted Warbler. Sylvia castanea Wits. Am. Orn. II. 1810, 97, pl. 14, fig. 4. Dendroica castanea BAtRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 276.

[B 197, C 82, R 100, C 123.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, north to Hudson Bay. Breeds from northern New England and northern Michigan north- ward ; in winter south through eastern Mexico (rare) and Guatemala to Colombia.

661. Dendroica striata (Forst.). Black-poll Warbler. Muscicapa striata Forst. Philos. Trans. LXII. 1772, 406, 428. Dendroica striata Barrp, B. N. Am. 1858, 280.

[B 202, C 81, R ror, C 122.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to the Rocky Moun- tains, north to Greenland, the Barren Grounds, and Alaska, breeding from northern New England and the Catskills northward. South in winter to northern South America, but not recorded from Mexico or Central America.

662. Dendroica blackburniz (GMEL.). Blackburnian Warbler. Motacilla blackburniea GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 977. Dendroica blackburnie Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 274.

[B 196, C 80, R 102, C 121.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to eastern Kansas and Manitoba, breeding from the southern Alleghanies, Massachu- setts, and Michigan northward to Labrador. In winter, south to the Bahamas, eastern Mexico, Central America, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.

663. Dendroica dominica (LINv.). Yellow-throated Warbler.

Motacilla dominica Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 334. Dendroica dominica BatrvD, Rev. Am. B. I. April, 1865, 209.

278 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 209, part, C 88, R 103, C 129.]

Geoc. Dist.— Southeastern United States, north to southern Maryland and Virginia, and casually to southern New England; south to the West Indies.

663 a. Dendroica dominica albilora Ripew. Sycamore Warbler.

Dendroica dominica var. albilora Baird MSS. Ripcw. Am. Nat. VII. Oct. 1873, 606. [B 209, part, C 88a, R 10324, C 130.]

Geos. Dist.— Mississippi Valley, west to the Plains, north to Lake Erie and southern Michigan, and east to western North Caro- lina ; in winter south to southern Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala and Nicaragua.

664. Dendroica graciz Bairp. Grace’s Warbler.

Dendroica gracie *“‘Cours MSS.” Barrp, Rev. Am. B. I. April, 1865, 210. [B—, C 87, R 104, C 128.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southern New Mexico and Arizona, and southward into Sonora.

665. Dendroica nigrescens (Towns.). Black-throated Gray Warbler.

Sylvia nigrescens Towns. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VII. 1837, IgI. Dendroica nigrescens BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 270. [B1g2,'Ci75, Riek, © 116

Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, north to Colorado, Oregon, and British Columbia west of the Cascades, migrating to southern Mexico in winter.

666. Dendroica chrysoparia Sct. & SALv. Golden-cheeked Warbler.

Dendreca chrysoparia Sci. & Sav. P. Z. S. 1860, 298.

ORDER PASSERES. 279:

[B—, C 74, R 106, C 115.]

Geroc. Dist.— Southern Texas, and southward to Guatemala.

667. Dendroica virens (GMEL.). Black-throated Green Warbler.

Motacilla virens GMEL. S.N. I. ii. 1788, 985. Dendroica virens BairD, B. N. Am. 1858, 267.

Pe r8o, C76 507) Gene]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America to the Plains, north to Hudson Bay Territory, breeding from Connecticut and northern Illinois northward, and south along the Alleghanies to South Caro- lina. In winter, south to Cuba and Panama. Accidental in Green- land and Europe.

668. Dendroica townsendi (Towns.). Townsend’s Warbler.

Sylvia townsendi “ Nutt.” Towns. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila.

VIL. 1837; 291- Dendroica townsendi BairvD, B. N. Am. 1858, 269.

PB ren) .C 735K 108, 0 jar

Groc. Dist.— Western North America, east to central Colorado, north to Sitka, south in winter to Mexico and Guatemala. Acci- dental near Philadelphia. Breeds from the southern border of the United States northward.

669. Dendroica occidentalis (Towns.). Hermit Warbler.

Sylvia occidentalis Towns. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VII. 1837, go. Dendroica occidentalis BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 268. [B t90, C 72, R 109, C 113-] Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Rocky Mountains

to the Pacific coast, and from Washington southward ; in winter, Lower California and Mexico to the highlands of Guatemala.

280 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

670. Dendroica kirtlandi Barro. Kirtland’s Warbler.

Sylvicola kirtlandi Bairp, Ann. Lyc.N. Y. V. 1852, 216, pl. 6. Dendroica kirtlandii Bairp, B. N. Am. 1858, 286. [Bizog C89, (Rano, C ng t.|

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States (South Carolina, Virginia, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota), and the Bahamas in winter.

671. Dendroica vigorsii (AUD.). Pine Warbler.

Sylvia vigorsii AuD. Orn. Biog. I. 1832, 153, pl. 30. Dendroica vigorsit STEJN. Auk, II. Oct. 1885, 343. | PB pos. Cor uR ere dC it eani|

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to the Plains, north to Manitoba, Ontario, and New Brunswick, wintering in the South Atlantic and Gulf States, and the Bahamas.

672. Dendroica palmarum (GMEL.). Palm Warbler.

Motacilla palmarum GEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788,951. Dendroica palmarum Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 288. [B 208, part, C go, part, R 113, C 132.]

Geoc. Dist.— Northern interior to Great Slave Lake; in winter South Atlantic and Gulf States, the West Indies and Mexico. Of rare but regular occurrence in the Atlantic States in migrations.

672 a. Dendroica palmarum hypochrysea Ripew. Yellow Palm Warbler.

Dendreca palmarum hypochrysea RrpGw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, I. Nov. 1876, 85. [B 208, part, C go, part, R 1134, C 133.] Geoc. Dist.— Atlantic States, north to Hudson Bay. Breeds

from eastern Maine, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia northward ; winters in the South Atlantic and Gulf States.

ORDER PASSERES. 281

673. Dendroica discolor (VIEILL.).

Prairie Warbler. Sylvia discolor VintLu. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, 37, pl. 98. Dendroica discolor Bairp, B. N. Am. 1858, 290. [Bizro, C86; Rrra) C reg.) Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States to the Plains, breeding from Florida north to Michigan and southern New England. Winters in southern Florida and the West Indies.

Genus SHIURUS Swainson.

Securus Swains. Phil. Mag. I. May, 1827, 369. Type, Moracilla aurocapilla LINN.

674. Seiurus aurocapillus (Linv.). Oven-bird.

Motacilla aurocapilla Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 334. Seiurus aurocapillus Swans. Zool. Journ. III. 1827, 171. [Bri36,.C\.92) Rirrsy Chany)

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, north to Hudson Bay Ter- ritory and Alaska, breeding from Kansas, the Ohio Valley, and Vir- ginia northward. In winter, Florida, the West Indies, southern Mex- ico, and Central America to Panama.

675. Seiurus noveboracensis (GMEL.). Water-Thrush.

Motacilla noveboracensis GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 958. Securus noveboracensis Bonap. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 21. [B 187, part, C 93, part, R 116, C 136.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States to Illinois, and northward to Arctic America, breeding from the northern United States northward. South in winter to the West Indies, Central America, and northern South America.

675a. Seiurus noveboracensis notabilis (Ripew.). Grinnell’s Water-Thrush.

Seirus nevius notabilis “GRINNELL,”’ Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. ITI. 1880, 12. Seiurus noveboracensis notabilis Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIIT.

1885, 354-

282 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 187, part, C 93, part, R 116a, C 137.]

Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from Indiana and [Illinois westward to California, and north into British America. Casual in migrations eastward to the Atlantic coast. Winters from the south- ern border of the United States southward to Lower California, Mex- ico, and northern South America.

676. Seiurus motacilla (VIEILL.). Louisiana Water-Thrush. Turdus motacilla ViEILL. Ois. Am. Sept. II. 1807, 9, pl. 65. Seturus motacilla BonaPp. Consp. Av. I. 1850, 306. (Bir88iC ga (R arg, C\rgs.)

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to southern New Eng- land and southern Michigan, casually north to Lake George, north- eastern New York, west to the Plains. In winter, West Indies, southern Mexico, and Central America to Panama.

Genus GHOTHLYPIS Casanis. SuBsGENUS OPORORNIS Bairp.

Oporornis BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 246. Type, Sylvia agilts WIiLs.

677. Geothlypis formosa (WILS.). Kentucky Warbler. Sylvia formosa Wits. Am. Orn. III. 1811, 85, pl. 25, fig. 3. Geothlypis formosa Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354. [B r75) 96, Rrra; @ 140.4 Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to the Plains, breeding

from the Gulf States north to southern New England and southern Michigan. In winter, West Indies, eastern Mexico, and Central America to Panama.

678. Geothlypis agilis (Wus.). Connecticut Warbler. Sylvia agilis Wits. Am. Orn. V. 1812, 64, pl. 39, fig. 4. Geothlypis agilis GREGG, Pr. Elmira Acad. 1870,—(p. 7 of reprint).

ORDER PASSERES. 283

[B 174, C 9s, R 118, C 139.] Groce. Dist.— Eastern North America, breeding north of the

United States (Manitoba, Ontario). Northern South America in winter.

SuBGENUS GHOTHLYPIS Casanis.

Geothlypis Cas. Wiegm. Archiv, 1847, i. 316, 349. Type, Turdus trichas LINN.

679. Geothlypis philadelphia (WILs.). Mourning Warbler. Sylvia philadelphia Wiis. Am. Orn. II. 1810, 1o1, pl. 14, fig. 6. Geothlypis philadelphia BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 243. (Bi nyz2, C98, Rirz0; Craa.| (roc. Dist.— Eastern North America to the Plains, breeding

from the mountainous portions of Pennsylvania, New England, New York, and northern Michigan northward. Central America and northern South America in winter. Accidental in Greenland.

680. Geothlypis macgillivrayi (AvD.). Macgillivray’s Warbler. Sylvia macgillivrayi Aup. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 75, pl. 399, figs, 4, 5- Geothlypis macgillivrayi BARD, B. N. Am. 1858, 244.

(Binz C99) Ri rar Crags Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific coast, north into British Columbia. Lower California, Mexico, and Central America to Colombia in winter.

681. Geothlypis trichas (LInN.). Maryland Yellow-throat. Turdus trichas Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 293. Geothlypis trichas Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 16. [B 170, part, C 97, part, R 122, part, C 141, part.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to Ontario, Nova Scotia, and southern Labrador, breeding from Georgia northward. In winter, South Atlantic and Gulf States, the West Indies, eastern Mexico, and Central America; casually northward to Massachusetts,

284 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

681 a. Geothlypis trichas occidentalis Brewst. Western Yellow-throat.

Geothiypis trichas occidentalis Brewst. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VIII. July, 1883,\159- [B 170, part, C 97, part, R 122, part, C 141, part.)

Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Mississippi Valley west to the Pacific coast, and north to British Columbia; south, in winter, to Central America.

681 4. Geothlypis trichas ignota CHaApmM. Florida Yellow-throat.

Geothlypis trichas ignota CHAPM. Auk, VII. Jan. 1890, 11. [B 170, part, C 97, part, R 122, part, C 141, part.)

Groc. Dist.— Florida, north to southern Georgia.

682. Geothlypis beldingi Rivew. Belding’s Yellow-throat.

Geothlypis beldingi Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. 1882, 344. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Gros. Dist.— Southern portion of Lower California, north to San Ignacio (Lat. 27°).

682.1. Geothlypis poliocephala ralphi Rivew. Rio Grande Yellow-throat.

Geothlypis poliocephala ralphi Rivew. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1893, 692.

[B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Lower Rio Grande Valley.

Genus ICTERIA VIEILLor.

Icteria Viettu. Ois. Am. Sept. I. 1807, pp. ili. 85. Type, AZus- cicapa viridis GMEL. = Turdus virens LINN.

ORDER PASSERES. 285

683. Icteria virens (Liny.). Yellow-breasted Chat. Lurdus virens Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 171. Icteria virens BAIRD, Rev. Am. B. I. April, 1865, 228. [B 176, C 100, R 123, C 144.] Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States to the Plains, breeding north to Ontario and southern New England; south, in winter, to eastern Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica.

683 a. Icteria virens longicauda (Lawr.). Long-tailed Chat. Leteria longwauda Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. VI. 1853, 4. Leteria virens var. longicauda Cours, Key, 1872, 108.

[B 177, C rooa, R 123a, C 145.]

Groc. Dist Western United States, from the Plains to the Pacific, north to southern Montana, Washington, and the dry interior of British Columbia, south into Lower California and Mexico.

Genus SYLVANIA Nuttratt.

Sylvania Nutt. Man. Land Birds, I. 1832, 290. ‘Type, by elimination, Muscicapa selbii AUD. = Motacilla mitrata GME.

684. Sylvania mitrata (GMEL.). Hooded Warbler. Motacilla mitrata GhEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 977. Sylvania mitrata Nutr. Man. Land B. ed. 1840, ete

PR avs, Cision, Rigsal€ 146.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to the Plains, north and east to southern Michigan, southern Ontario, western and south- eastern New York, and southern New England. Breeds from the Gulf of Mexico northward. In winter, West Indies, eastern Mexico, and Central America to Panama.

685. Sylvania pusilla (Wu:s.). Wilson’s Warbler.

Muscicapa pusilla Wits. Am. Orn. III. 1811, 103, pli 26, figs iat Sylvania pusilla Nutt. Man. Land B. ed. 1840, 335.

286 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B.213, par, C102, R res, Cran]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to and including the Rocky Mountains, north to Labrador, Hudson Bay Territory, and Alaska. Breeds chiefly north of the United States, migrating south to eastern Mexico and Central America.

685 a. Sylvania pusilla pileolata (PALL.). Pileolated Warbler. Motacilla pileolata PALL. Zoog. Rosso-As. I. 1826, 497. Sylvania pusilla pileolata Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354- [B 213, part, C 102a, R 1254, C 148.] Geroc. Dist.— Western North America, from the Great Basin to

the Pacific, north to Alaska (Kadiak), and south, in winter, to Costa Rica.

686. Sylvania canadensis (LINN.). Canadian Warbler. Muscicapa canadensis Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 327. Sylvania canadensis Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354. [Beng ere iG wos Rk 1a7\Cirag,| Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to the Plains, and

north to Newfoundland, southern Labrador, and Lake Winnipeg, south, in winter, to Central America and northern South America. Breeds from the higher parts of the Alleghanies, and the more ele- vated parts of southern New York and southern New England, northward.

Genus SETOPHAGA Swainson.

Setophaga Swalins. Phil. Mag. I. May, 1827, 368. Type, JJota- cilla ruticilla LINN.

687. Setophaga ruticilla (Linvn.). American Redstart. Motacilla ruticilla Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 186. Setophaga ruticilla Swains. Phil. Mag. I. May, 1827, 368.

ORDER PASSERES. 287

[B217,'C 104, KR 128)C/152.]

Geroc. Dist.— North America, north to Fort Simpson, west regu- larly to the Great Basin, casually to California and Lower California, breeding from the middle portion of the United States northward. In winter, the West Indies, southern Mexico, Central America and northern South America.

688. Setophaga picta Swains. Painted Redstart.

Setophaga picta Swatns. Zool. Illustr. 2d ser. I. 1829, pl. 3. [hi 21s; Gi fos) Ri 29, © 15 7;| Geroc. Dist.— Mountains of Mexico, north to southern Arizona.

[689.] Setophaga miniata Swans. Red-bellied Redstart.

Setophaga miniata Swatns. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 368. [B 219, C—, R 130, C —.] Groc. Dist.— Highlands of Mexico. Texas (GrrauD).

Genus CARDELLINA Du Bus.

Cardellina Du Bus, Esq. Orn. 1850, pl. 25. Type, C. amicta Du Bus = Muscicapa rubrifrons GIRAUD.

690. Cardellina rubrifrons (GiravupD). Red-faced Warbler.

Muscicapa rubrifrons GrrauD, Sixteen Sp. Texas B. 1841, pl. 7, fig. I. Cardellina rubrifrons Sci. P. Z. S. 1855, 66. [B—, C—, R 131, C 150.] Geroc. Dist.— Southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico, through Mexico, to Guatemala. Texas (GIRAUD).

Genus ERGATICUS Barron.

Ergaticus BatrD, Rev. Am. B. I. April, 1865, 237. Type, Sete. phaga rubra SWAINS.

288 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[691.] Ergaticus ruber (Swarns.). Red Warbler.

Setophaga rubra Swatns. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 368. Lrgaticus ruber Scu. & Sav. Nom. Neotr. 1873, 11.

[B 216, C—, R 132, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Highlands of Mexico. Texas (Grraup).

Genus BASILEUTERUS Casanis.

Basileuterus Cas. in ScHoms. Guiana, III. 1848, 666. Type, Sylvia vermivora VIEILL. = Setophaga auricapilla SwaAIns.

[692.] Basileuterus culicivorus (LIcHT.). Brasher’s Warbler.

Sylvia culicivora (Licut.) Preis-Verzeich. 1830, no. 78. Basileuterus culicivorus Bonap. Consp. Av. I. 1850, 313.

[B—, C —, R 133, C —.]

Geroc. Dist.— Central America, from Panama north-to eastern Mexico. Texas (GIRAUD.)

(693.] Basileuterus belli (Giraup). Bell’s Warbler.

Muscicapa belli GiRAUD, Sixteen Sp. Texas B. 1841, pl. 4, fig. r. Basileuterus belli Sci. P. Z. S. 1855, 65.

[B—, C—, R 134, C —.]

Geroc. Dist.— Guatemala and Mexico, north to the temperate regions of Vera Cruz. Texas (GIRAUD).

Famity MOTACILLIDA. Wactaits.

Genus MOTACILLA Linnzus.

Motacilla Linn. S.N. ed. to, I. 1758, 184. Type, by elimina- tion, AZ. alba LINN.

ORDER PASSERES. 289

[694.] Motacilla alba Linn. White Wagtail.

Motacilla alba Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 185. [B—, C—, R 69, C 86.] Geroc. Dist.— Northern Europe and northern Asia, south, in winter, to North Africa and India. Accidental in Greenland.

[695.] Motacilla ocularis Swinu. Swinhoe’s Wagtail.

Motacilla ocularis Swinu. Ibis, Jan. 1860, 55. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Eastern Asia. Accidental in Lower California. Aleutian Islands?

Genus BUDYTES Couvier.

Budytes Cuv. Régne An. I. 1817, 371. Type, Motacilla flava LINN.

696. Budytes flavus leucostriatus (Hom.). Siberian Yellow Wagtail.

Budytes leucostriatus HOMEYER, J. f. O. 1878, 128. Budytes flavus leucostriatus STEJN. Orn. Expl. Kamtsch. 1885, 280. [B—, C 54, R 70, C 87.] Groc. Dist.— Alaska and northern Siberia to China, wintering in the Moluccas.

Genus ANTHUS BEeEcustTEIn.

SuBsGENus ANTHUS.

Anthus Becust. Gem. Naturg. Deutschl. III. 1807,704. Type, by elimination, 4. aguaticus = Alauda spinoletta LINN.

697. Anthus pensilvanicus (LaTH.). American Pipit. Alauda pensilvanica LAaTH. Synop. Suppl. I. 1787, 287. Anthus pensilvanicus THIENEM. Rhea, II. 1849, 171. 19

290 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 165, C 55, R71, C 89.]

Geoc. Dist.— North America at large, breeding in the higher parts of the Rocky Mountains and subarctic districts, and wintering in the Gulf States, Mexico, and Central America. Accidental in Europe.

[698.] Anthus pratensis (Liny.). Meadow Pipit.

Alauda pratensis Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 166. Anthus pratensis Becust. Gem. Naturg. Deutschl. III. 1807, 732. [Bi==, Cig 5 b2s, Rig2,.C 88,] Groc. Dist.— Europe, straggling to Greenland (and Alaska ? ).

[699.] Anthus cervinus (PALLas). Red-throated Pipit.

Motacilla cervina PALLAS, Zoog. Rosso-As. I. 1826, 511. Anthus cervinus Krys. & Bias. Wirb. Eur. I. 1840, p. xlviii. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World. Accidental in Lower California. St. Michael and Aleutian Islands, Alaska?

SuBGENUS NBOCORYS Sc Later. NNeocorys Sci. P. Z. S. 1857, 5. Type, Alauda spraguett AuD.

700. Anthus spragueii (AvD.). Sprague’s Pipit. Alauda spraguei Auv. B. Am. VII. 1843, 335, pl. 486. Anthus spraguet BAIRD, Rev. Am. B. I. Oct. 1864, 155.

[iB 166, C56, Wes Cga;|

Groc. Dist.— Interior plains of North America, breeding from the plains of the Yellowstone northward to the Saskatchewan district, and from the Red River westward (probably to the Rocky Moun- tains). South in winter on the tablelands of Mexico to Puebla. Accidental in South Carolina.

ORDER PASSERES. 291

Famity CINCLIDAi. Drrrpers.

Genus CINCLUS BEeEcustTEIN.

Cinclus Becust. Orn. Taschenb. Deutschl. 1802, 205. Type, Sturnus cinclus LINN.

701. Cinclus mexicanus SwaiIns. American Dipper.

Cinclus mexicanus Swans. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 368. [5 164,) Cro. RY ng,/G) 30. | Groc. Dist.— The mountainous parts of central and western North America, from the Yukon Valley and Unalaska to Guatemala’; east, in the United States, to the eastern base of the Rocky Moun- tains. Apparently resident throughout its range.

Famity TROGLODYTIDZA. Wrens, THRASHERS, ETC.

SUBFAMILY MIMIN ZG. THRASHERS.

GENuS OROSCOPTES Bairrp.

Oroscoptes BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 346. Type, Orpheus mon- tanus TOWNS.

702. Oroscoptes montanus (Towns.). Sage Thrasher. Orpheus montanus ‘Towns. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VII. 1837, 193: \ Oroscoptes montanus BatRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 347. DS args al Oly Ail: ctor Qa Bel| Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the western part of the Plains (western South Dakota, western Nebraska, and eastern Colorado), north to Montana, west to the Cascades and Sierra Nevada, south into northern Mexico, Lower California, and casually to Guadalupe Island.

292 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus MIMUS Bolg. Mimus Bote, Isis, Oct. 1826, 972. Type, Zurdus polyglottos LINN.

703. Mimus polyglottos (Liny.). Mockingbird. Turdus polyglottos LINN. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 169. Mimus polyglottus Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 17. MBi263) 253s 8 Norn Comes)

Geroc. Dist.— United States, south into Mexico. Rare and of irregular distribution from Maryland northward to Massachusetts, and north of southern Ohio, Colorado, and southern California. Bahamas. Casual on Guadalupe Island, Lower California.

GENUS GALEOSCOPTES CABANIS.

Galeoscoptes Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 82. Type, Muscicapa carolinensis LINN.

704. Galeoscoptes carolinensis (Linv.). Catbird. Muscicapa carolinensis LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 328. Galeoscoptes carolinensis CaB. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 82. PBi2ca Ci, Riz. iC woe)

Geoc. Dist. — Eastern United States and British Provinces, west to and including the Rocky Mountains; occasional on the Pacific coast, from British Columbia south to central California. Breeds from the Gulf States northward to the Saskatchewan. Winters in the Southern States, Cuba, and Middle America to Panama. Bermuda, resident. Accidental in Europe.

GENuS HARPORHYNCHUS Cagsanis. SuBGENUS METHRIOPTERUS ReEIcHENBACH.

Methriopterus REicH. Syst. Nat. 1850, pl. iv. Type, Zurdus rufus LINN.

ORDER PASSERES. 293

705. Harporhynchus rufus (Liyy.).

Brown Thrasher. Lurdus rufus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 169. flarporhynchus rufus Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 82. [B268,261¢, C ro, Ri13z,C 174]

Groce. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to the Rocky Mountains, north to southern Maine, Ontario, and Manitoba. Breeds from the Gulf States, including eastern Texas, northward. Accidental in Europe.

706. Hlarporhynchus longirostris sennetti (Rivcw.). Sennett’s Thrasher.

Hlarporhynchus longirostris sennetti Ripcw. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. X. Aug. 6, 1888, 506. [B 260, C roa, R 134, € 18.] Geroc. Dist.— Southeastern Texas, from Corpus Christi and Laredo southward to central Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas.

707. Harporhynchus curvirostris (Swatns.). Curve-billed Thrasher.

Orpheus curvirostris Swatns. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 369. flarporhynchus curvirostris Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 81.

[B 259, 2594, oa R 15, C 19.]

Geoc. Dist.— Tablelands of Mexico, from Oaxaca and Puebla northward to southern New Mexico and southeastward in Texas to the mouth of the Rio Grande.

707 a. Harporhynchus curvirostris palmeri Cours. Palmer’s Thrasher.

flarporhynchus curvirostris var. palmeri “* RrpGw.” CouEs, Key, S72 20 ae [B= © tr Riga C20. |

Geoc. Dist.— Southern Arizona, from about fifty miles northwest of Phoenix south to Guaymas, Sonora.

708. Harporhynchus bendirei Covss.

Bendire’s Thrasher.

flarporhynchus bendirei Cours, Am. Nat. VII. 1873, 330.

294 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B—, C 11 dts, R 14a, C 21.] Geroc. Dist.— Arizona, from Phoenix and the Painted Desert south

to Guaymas, Sonora. Westward casually to Agua Caliente, California. Accidental (?) at Colorado Springs, Colorado.

709. Harporhynchus cinereus XANTUS. St. Lucas Thrasher. Harporhynchus cinereus XAnTuS, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1859, 298. [B—, C 12, R 14, C 22.] Groc. Dist.— Lower California, from Cape St. Lucas north to San Quintin (Lat. 30° 30!).

709 a. Harporhynchus cinereus mearnsi ANTHONY. Mearns’s Thrasher.

Harporhynchus cinereus mearnst ANTHONY, Auk, XII. Jan. 1895, Soe [B—,C—, R—, C—.] Geoc. Dist.— Northern Lower California.

SuBGENUS HARPORHYNCHUS Casanis.

Harporhynchus Cas. Wiegm. Archiv, 1848, 1.98. Type, Harpes rediviva GAMB.

710. Harporhynchus redivivus (Game.). Californian Thrasher. Harpes rediviva GAB. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila, 1845, 264. Harporhynchus redivivus Cas. Wiegm. Archiv, 1848, 1. 98. (B26, Gas, Ki nb (C 2a) Geoc. Dist.— Coast region of California, from the heads of the

Sacramento and Russian River valleys south to El Rosario, Lower California (Lat. 30°).

711. Harporhynchus lecontei (Lawr.).

Leconte’s Thrasher. Toxostoma lecontei Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. V. 1852, 121. Harporhynchus lecontit Bonar. Notes Coll. Delattre, 1854, 39.

ORDER PASSERES. 295

[B 254) Conga; Ri 16a, 24.]

Groc. Dist.— Desert region of southern California, Nevada, and extreme southwestern Utah, from Benton, Cal. (Lat. 38°), southeast- ward through Arizona to Sonora (Lat. 30°). Local in the southern San Joaquin Valley.

712. Harporhynchus crissalis (HENRY). Crissal Thrasher.

Toxostoma crissalis HENRY, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1858, 117. Harporhynchus crissalis BAtRD, B, N. Am, 1858, 350. fBisgs.Cira’ Re 17) 253) Groc. Dist.— Southwestern United States, from western Texas to the Colorado Desert, California, and northern Lower California ; north to the Charleston Mountains, Nevada, and St. George, Utah.

SUBFAMILY TROGLODYTINA. WRENS.

Genus HELEODYTES Capsanis.

Heleodytes Capanis, Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 80. Type, Furnarius griseus SWAIN.

713. Heleodytes brunneicapillus (Larr.).

Cactus Wren. Picolaptes brunneicapillus LAFR. Mag. de Zool. 1835, 61, p!. 47. Heleodytes brunneicapillus FISHER, N. Am. Fauna, No. 7, May 31, 1893, 130. PB 262) 0 43) RUSG enGa) Geroc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States, from the Lower Rio Grande in Texas to southern California, north to south- western Utah, and south to central Mexico.

713 a. Heleodytes brunneicapillus bryanti ANTHONY. Bryant’s Cactus Wren.

Fleleodytes brunneicapillus bryanti ANTHONY, Auk, XI. July, 1894, 202% [B 262, part, C 43, part, R 56, part, C 63, part. ] Groce. Dist.— Northern Lower California, north into southern California.

296 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

713 6. Heleodytes brunneicapillus affinis (Xantus). St. Lucas Cactus Wren.

Campylorhynchus affinis XANTUS, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1859, 298. LfHeleodytes brunneicapillus afinis ANTHONY, Auk, XII. July, 1895, 280. [B—, C 44, R57, C 64.] Geroc. Dist.— Southern Lower California.

Genus SALPINCTES Casanis.

Salpinctes Cas. Wiegm. Archiv, 1847, 1. 323. Type, Z7oglodytes obsoletus SAY.

715. Salpinctes obsoletus (Say). Rock Wren. Troglodytes obsoletus Say, Lone’s Exp. II. 1823, 4. Salpinctes obsoletus Cas. Wiegm. Archiv, 1847, 1. 323. [B 264, C 45, R 58, C 65.]

Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the western border of the Plains to the Pacific, north to Dakota, Montana, and British Columbia; south on the tablelands of Mexico and Guatemala to Salvador. Breeds throughout its range, and is resident from about the:southern border of the United States southward.

716. Salpinctes guadeloupensis Rivew. Guadalupe Rock Wren.

Salpinctes obsoletus guadeloupensis Ripcw. Bull. U. S. Geol. & Geog. Serv. Terr. II. No. 2, April, 1876, 185. Salpinctes guadalupensis RipGw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, II. July, ro77; OO. [B—, C—, R 584, C—] Geoc. Dist.— Guadalupe Island, Lower California.

Genus CATHERPES Barron.

Catherpes Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 356. Type, Zzryothorus mex- wcanus SWAINS.

ORDER PASSERES. 297

[717.] Catherpes mexicanus (Swains.). White-throated Wren.

Thryothorus mexicanus Swains. Zool. Ill. 2d ser. I. 1829, pl. 11. Catherpes mexicanus BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 356.

[B 263, C—, R 59, C 66.]

Groce. Dist.— Mexico, from Oaxaca and Orizaba northward on the tablelands. Texas (GirAupD).

717 a. Catherpes mexicanus conspersus Ruipcw. Canon Wren.

Catherpes mexicanus var. conspersus Ripcw. Am. Nat. VII. Oct. 1873, 602. [B 263, Aart, C 46, R 59a, C 67.]

Groc. Dist.— Great Basin and Rocky Mountain region, from the Sierra Nevada and Cascades eastward to southern Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, and western Texas; south on the tablelands of Mexico to Aguas Calientes. Breeds nearly throughout its range; resident in the southern parts of its United States distribution.

7174. Catherpes mexicanus punctulatus Ruivcw. Dotted Canon Wren.

Catherpes mexicanus punctulatus Ripew. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. Sept. 5, 1882, 343. [B 263, part, C 46, part, R 59, part, C 67, part.] Groc. Dist.— Oregon and California, west of the Cascades and

Sierra Nevada, and Lower California. Resident from central Cali- fornia southward.

Genus THRYOTHORUS VIet.tor.

SuBGENUS THRYOTHORUS.

Thryothorus Vimitu. Analyse, 1816, 45. Type, Zroglodytes arundinaceus VIEILL. = Sylvia ludoviciana LATH.

298 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

718. Thryothorus ludovicianus (Lats#.). Carolina Wren.

Sylvia ludoviciana Latu. Ind. Orn. II. 1790, 548. Thryothorus ludovicianus Bonap. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 11. [B.265, C47, R60, C:68.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to southern New York, southern Michigan, and southern Nebraska; west to the Plains. Rare or casual in southern New England and southern Ontario. Resident nearly throughout its range.

718 a. Thryothorus ludovicianus miamensis Ripew. Florida Wren.

Thryothorus ludovicianus var. miamensis Ripcw. Am, Nat. IX. Aug. 1875, 469. [B 265, part, C 47, part, R 60d, C 69.] Groc. Dist.— Southern Florida.

718 4. Thryothorus ludovicianus lomitensis SENN. Lomita Wren.

Thryothorus ludovicianus lomitensis SENN. Auk, VII. Jan. 1890, 58. [B 265, part, C 47, part, R 60, part, C 68, part. ] Geoc. Dist.— Southeastern Texas.

SuBGENUS THRYOMANES ScLatTer.

Thryomanes Scu. Cat. Am. B. 1861, 22. Type, Zvoglodytes bewickiz AUD.

719. Thryothorus bewickii (Auvp.). Bewick’s Wren.

Troglodytes bewickit Aup. Orn. Biog. I. 1831, 96, pl. 18. Thryothorus bewickit Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 11. [Bv267; (Ci48."R 6m, iC ar

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States, west to the eastern border of the Plains and eastern Texas; rare east of the Alleghanies north of Maryland and Delaware; north irregularly in the Mississippi Valley to southern Minnesota. Migratory only along the northern border of its range.

ORDER PASSERES. 299

719@. Thryothorus bewickii spilurus (Vic.). Vigors’s Wren.

Troglodytes spilurus Vic. Zool. Voy. Bloss. 1839, 18, pl 4 fies Thryothorus bewickit var. spilurus BatRD, Rev. Am. B. I. 1864, 126, [B—, C 484, R 614, C 73.]

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast region of North America, from British Columbia southward to Lower California and western Mexico. Breeds nearly throughout its range; resident from central California southward.

7194. Thryothorus bewickii bairdi (Satv. & Gopm.). Baird’s Wren.

Thryothorus bairdi Satv. & Govm. Biol. Centr.-Am. Aves, I. April,

1880, 95. Thryothorus bewickii bairdi Rrpew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VILE

1885, 354- [B—, C 48a, R 614, C 72.]

Groc. Dist.— Southern Texas, Arizona, and California east of the Sierra Nevada, north to middle Kansas, Colorado, and southern Utah, south into Mexico. Breeds throughout its range; resident from Arizona and Kansas southward.

719.1. Thryothorus leucophrys ANTHONY.

San Clemente Wren. Thryothorus leucophrys ANTHONY, Auk, XII. Jan. 1895, 52. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— San Clemente Island, California.

720. Thryothorus brevicauda (Rivew.). Guadalupe Wren.

Thryomanes brevicauda Rivcw. Bull. U. S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Terr. II. No. 2, April 1, 1876, 186. Thryothorus brevicauda SHARPE, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. VI. 1881, 227.

PE GR eae]

Groc. Dist.— Guadalupe Island, Lower California.

300 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus TROGLODYTES VIEILLor.

SuscENus TROGLODYTES.

Troglodytes ViEILL. Ois. Am. Sept. II. 1807, 52. Type, Z: aédon VIEILL.

721. Troglodytes aedon VIEILL.

House Wren. Troglodytes aédon ViEILL. Ois. Am. Sept. II. 1807, 52, pl. 107. [Biego, 272,.C 4g, VR os nC aaa

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States and southern Ontario, west to Indiana and Louisiana. Resident from the middle districts south- ward.

721a. Troglodytes aedon parkmanii (Auvp.).

Parkman’s Wren. Troglodytes parkmani Auv. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 310. Troglodytes edon var. parkmanni COUES, Key, 1872, 87. [B 271, C 49a, R 63a, C 75.] Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast region of British Columbia, Wash- ington, Oregon, and northern California.

721 4. Troglodytes aédon aztecus Bairp. Western House Wren.

Troglodytes edon var. aztecus BatRD, Rev. Am. B. I. Sept. 1864, 139. [B 271, part, C 49a, part, R 63a, part, C 75, part.] Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, except Pacific coast, east to Manitoba and Illinois, south into Mexico.

SuBGENuS ANORTHURA RENNIE.

Anorthura RENNIE, Mont. Orn. Dict. ed. 2, 1831, 570. Type, Motacilla troglodytes LINN.

ORDER PASSERES. 301

722. Troglodytes hiemalis VIEILL. Winter Wren. Troglodytes hiemalis VietLtu. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXXIV. 1819, 514. [Begs © so R65) C76.)

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America generally, breeding from the northern parts of the United States northward, and in the Alleghanies south to North Carolina, and wintering from about its southern breeding limit southward.

722a. Troglodytes hiemalis pacificus Bairp. Western Winter Wren.

Troglodytes hyemalis var. pacificus BAIRD, Rev. Am. B. I. Sept. 1864, 145. [B 273, part, C 50, part, R 65a, C 77.] Geoc. Dist.— Pacific coast, from Sitka to southern California, and eastward to the mountains of Idaho; south, in winter, to Mexico.

723. Troglodytes alascensis Bairp. Alaskan Wren.

Troglodytes alascensis BAIRD, Trans. Chic. Ac. Sci. I. 1869, 315, pla, fg.) 3. [B—, C 50a, R 66, C 78.] Geroc. Dist.— Aleutian and Pribilof Islands, Alaska.

Genus CISTOTHORUS Capzanis.

SusGENus CISTOTHORUS.

Cistothorus Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 77. Type, Zroglodytes stellaris LICHT.

724, Cistothorus stellaris (LicuHT.). Short-billed Marsh Wren. Troglodytes stellaris Licut. in Naum. Vog. Deutschl. III. 1823, tab. ad p. 724. Cistothorus stellaris Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 77.

302 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 269, C 52, R 68, C 81.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to southern New Hampshire, southern Ontario, southern Michigan, and southern Manitoba, and west to the Plains. Winters in the South Atlantic and Gulf States.

SuBGENUS THLMATODYTES Casaunis.

Telmatodytes Cas. Mus. Hein. I. 1850, 78. Type, Certhia palus- tris WILS.

725. Cistothorus palustris (WI.s.). Long-billed Marsh Wren. Certhia palustris Wits. Am. Orn. II. 1810, 58, pl. 12, fig. 4. Cistothorus (Telmatodytes) palustris BAiRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 364.

[B 268, Cisa, Bo Gr C795)

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States, north to Massachusetts, Ontario, and southern Manitoba, wintering from the Gulf States south to eastern Mexico, and locally as far north as southern New England. Breeds throughout its United States and British American range.

725 a, Cistothorus palustris paludicola Bairp. Tulé Wren.

Cistothorus palustris, var. paludicola BAIRD, Rev. Am. B. I. Sept. 1864, 148. [B 268, part, C 51, part, R 67a, C 80.]

Groc. Dist.— Western United States, east to the Rocky Moun- tains and north to British Columbia; south to southern Mexico. Breeds nearly throughout its range, and winters from Oregon southward.

725 6. Cistothorus palustris griseus Brewst. Worthington’s Marsh Wren.

Cistothorus palustris griseus BrRewst. Auk, X. July, 1893, 216. [B 268, part, C 51, part, R 67, part, C 79, part.| Groc. Dist.— Coast region of South Carolina and Georgia.

ORDER PASSERES. 303

725.1. Cistothorus marianze ScorTT. Marian’s Marsh Wren.

Cistothorus mariane Scott, Auk, V. April, 1888, 188. [B—, C—, R—, C—]

Geroc. Dist.— Western Florida.

Famity CERTHIID ZS. CREEPERS.

Genus CERTHIA Linnuvs.

Certhia Lunn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 118. Type, by elimination, C. familiaris LINN.

726. Certhia familiaris americana (Bonap.). Brown Creeper.

Certhia americana Bonar. Geog. & Comp. List, 1838, 11. Certhia familiaris var. americana RiDGw. Bull. Essex Inst. V. 1873, 180. [B 275, C 42, R55, C 62.] Gros. Dist.-— Eastern North America, breeding from the northern and more elevated parts of the United States northward, and casually further south, migrating southward in winter.

726 a. Certhia familiaris alticola MILLER. Mexican Creeper.

Certhia familiaris alticola MILLER, Auk, XII. April, 1895, 186. [B 276, C—, R55a,C—.] .

Groc. Dist.— Guatemala, Mexico, and southern Arizona.

726 6. Certhia familiaris montana Rivew. Rocky Mountain Creeper.

[Certhia familiaris] montana Kipew. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. July 8, 1882, 114. [B 275, part, C 42, part, R 55, part, C 62, pari.]

Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountains, from northern Mexico to Alaska.

304 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

726 c¢. Certhia familiaris occidentalis Ripcw. Californian Creeper.

[Certhia familiaris| occidentalis Ripcw. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. V. July 8, 1882, 114. [B 275, part, C 42, part, R 55, part, C 62, part. |

Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast, from California to southern Alaska.

Famity PARIDAS. NvuTHATCHES AND TITs.

SuBFAMILY SITTIN AS. NutTHATCHEs.

Genus SITTA Linnaeus. Sitta LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 115. Type, S. europea LINN.

727. Sitta carolinensis Laru. White-breasted Nuthatch.

Sitta carolinensis LATH. Ind. Orn. I. 1790, 262. [B 277, C 38, R 51, C 57-]

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States, from Georgia north to the southern British Provinces, and west to the Rocky Mountains.

727 a. Sitta carolinensis aculeata (Cass.). Slender-billed Nuthatch.

Sitta aculeata Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Oct. 1856, 254. Sitta carolinensis var. aculeata ALLEN, Bull. M. C. Z. III. No. 6, July. 0872, TOE. [Bi278, Cesc Rea pool Geoc. Dist.— Western North America, east to the Plains, and south into Mexico.

727 6. Sitta carolinensis atkinsi Scott. Florida White-breasted Nuthatch.

Sitta carolinensis atkinsi Scott, Auk, VII. April, 1890, 118.

ORDER PASSERES. 305

[B 277, part, C 38, part, R 51, part, C 57, part. |

Geroc. Dist.— Florida, and northward along the coast to South Carolina.

728. Sitta canadensis LINN. Red-breasted Nuthatch.

Sitta canadensis Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 177. [B 279, C 39, R 52, C 59-] Groc. Dist.— North America at large, breeding from northern New England, northern New York, and northern Michigan north- ward, and southward in the Alleghanies, Rocky Mountains, and

Sierra Nevada; in winter south to about the southern border of the United States.

729. Sitta pusilla Laru. Brown-headed Nuthatch.

Sitta pusilla LatH. Ind. Orn. I. 1790, 263. [B 280, C go, R 53, C 60.]

Geroc. Dist.— South Atlantic and Gulf States, north to southern Maryland and (casually?) Ohio, Missouri, etc.

730. Sitta pygmea Vic. Pygmy Nuthatch.

Sitta pygmea Vic. Zool. Beechey’s Voy. 1839, 25, pl. 4. [B28r,'C. 41) R sa Oo] Geroc. Dist.— Western United States, from New Mexico, Colorado

and Montana to southern California, Washington, and eastern British Columbia; southward in Mexico to Mt. Orizaba.

730 a. Sitta pygmzea leuconucha ANTHONY. White-naped Nuthatch.

Sitta pygmea leuconucha ANTHONY, Proc. Cal. Ac. Sci. 2d ser. LE Gets nus Tosi 77.

[B 281, part, C 41, part, R 54, part, C 61, part.)

Geroc. Dist.— San Pedro Mountains, Lower California. 20

306 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

SUBFAMILY PARINZ. TiITMice. Genus PARUS LINN&US.

SuBGENUS LOPHOPHANES Kavp.

Lophophanes Kaur, Entw. Gesch. Eur. Thierw. 1829, 92. Type, Parus cristatus LINN.

731. Parus bicolor Linn. Tufted Titmouse.

Parus bicolor Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 340. PRS 5 Cea R26. 40,

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern United States to the Plains, north to northern New Jersey and southern Iowa; casual in southern New England. Resident throughout its breeding range.

73l1a. Parus bicolor texensis SENN. Texan Tufted Titmouse.

Parus bicolor texensis SENN. Auk, IV. Jan. 1887, 29. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groce. Dist.— Southeastern Texas (Bee and Cameron Counties).

732. Parus atricristatus Cass. Black-crested Titmouse.

Parus atricristatus Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1850, 103, pl. 2. [B 286, C29 WR are a2

Geroc. Dist.— Southeastern Texas and eastern Mexico.

733. Parus inornatus Game. Plain Titmouse.

Parus inornatus Games. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Aug. 1845, 265. [B 287, part, C 28, part, R 38, part, C 41, part.]

Geoc. Dist.— Pacific coast of California and western Oregon.

ORDER PASSERES. 307

733 a. Parus inornatus griseus Ripew. Gray Titmouse.

Lophophanes inornatus griseus Rrpcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. Sept. 5, 1882, 344. Parus inornatus griseus Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 188s, 354- [B 287, part, C 28, part, R 38, part, C 41, part.)

Geoc. Dist.— New Mexico and Colorado to Arizona, Nevada and California east of the Sierra Nevada.

733 4. Parus inornatus cineraceus Ripcw. Ashy Titmouse.

Lophophanes inornatus cineraceus RipGw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VI. Oct. 5, 1883, 154. Parus inornatus cineraceus Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354- [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Lower California.

734, Parus wollweberi (Bonap.). Bridled Titmouse.

Lophophanes wollwebert BoNAP. Compt. Rend. XXXI. Sept. 1850, 478. Parus wollweberi Henry, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1855, 309.

[B 288,C 30, R 39, B 43.]

Groc. Dist.— Western Texas, southern New Mexico, southern Arizona, and southward on the tableland of Mexico to Orizaba.

SuBGENUS PARUS LINNZUS.

Parus Linn. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 189. Type, by elimination, P. major LINN.

735. Parus atricapillus Linn. Chickadee.

Parus atricapillus Linn. 8. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 341.

308 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 290, C31, R 41,,C 44. ]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern North America, north of the Potomac and Ohio Valleys.

735 a. Parus atricapillus septentrionalis (Harris). Long-tailed Chickadee.

Parus septentrionalis Harris, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1845, 300. Parus atricapillus var. septentrionalis ALLEN, Bull. M. C. Z. III.

1972, 574. [B 289, 289a, C 31a, R 41a, C45. | Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain Plateau region, east to Manitoba and the Plains.

735 4, Parus atricapillus occidentalis (Bairp). Oregon Chickadee.

Parus occidentalis BairD, B. N. Am. 1858, 391. Parus atricapillus var. occidentalis COUES, Key, 1872,*8t.

[B.20%,/C 316 R arb. C46)

Groc. Dist.— Northwest coast region, from northern California to Sitka.

736. Parus carolinensis Aup. Carolina Chickadee.

Parus carolinensis Aup. Orn. Biog. II. 1834, 341, pl. 160. [Brs93, "Cary, Rae Org.)

Groc. Dist.— Southeastern States, north to New Jersey and Illi- nois, west to Missouri.

786a. Parus carolinensis agilis SENN. Plumbeous Chickadee.

Parus carolinensis agilis SENN. Auk, V. Jan. 1888, 46. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern and central Texas (Bee, Victoria, Cook, and Concho Counties, etc.).

ORDER PASSERES. 309 737. Parus meridionalis Sct. Mexican Chickadee. Parus meridionalis Sci. P. Z. S. 1856, 293. [B 292, C—, R 43, C 879.]

Groc. Dist.— Mountains of Mexico, from Orizaba north to south- ern Arizona.

738. Parus gambeli Rivew. Mountain Chickadee.

Parus gambeli Rrpew. in A. O. U. Check-List, 1886, 335. LB 294), C) 32) Rigo. C48] Geroc. Dist.— Mountainous parts of the western United States, from the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains to the Sierra Nevada,

north to British Columbia, Idaho, etc., and south to northern Lower California.

739. Parus cinctus obtectus (Cap.). Siberian Chickadee.

Parus (Pecila) obtectus Cas. J. f. O. 1871, 237. Parus cinctus obtectus Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354.

[B—, C—, R 44, C 52.]

Geoc. Dist.— Northern Alaska and eastern Siberia.

740. Parus hudsonicus Forst. Hudsonian Chickadee.

Parus hudsonicus Forst. Phil. Trans. LXII. 1772, 383, 430. [B 296, C 33, R 45, C 49.] Geroc. Dist.— Northern North America, from the more elevated

parts of the northern United States (northern New England, north- ern New York, northern Michigan, etc.) northward.

740 a. Parus hudsonicus stoneyi (Ripew.). Kowak Chickadee.

Parus stoneyt RipGw. Man. N. Am. B. Aug. 1887, 591. Parus hudsonicus stoneyi A. O. U. Check-List, rst Suppl. 1889, 17.

310 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

ey esa esta gue aly

Geoc. Dist.— Valley of the Kowak River, northwestern Alaska.

7404. Parus hudsonicus columbianus Ruoaps. Columbian Chickadee.

Parus hudsonicus columbianus Ruoaps, Auk, X. Jan. 1893, 23.

[B 296, part, C 33, part, R 45, part, C 49, part.]

Groc. Dist.— Rocky Mountains, from Liard River south into Montana.

741. Parus rufescens Towns. Chestnut-backed Chickadee.

Parus rufescens Towns. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VII. ii. 1837, 1g0. [B 295, part, C 34, part, R 46, C 50.] Geroc. Dist.— Coast district of Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, and southern Alaska.

741 a. Parus rufescens neglectus Ripcw. California Chickadee.

Parus rufescens 8. neglectus Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. I. April 25, 1879, 485. [B 295, fart, C 34, part, R 46a,\C 51.] Geoc. Dist.— Coast of California, from Monterey County north- ward.

SUBFAMILY CHAM AINZE. WreEn-TitTs AnD Busu-TITs.

Genus CHAM ZA GAMBEL.

Chamea Games. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1847, 154. Type, Parus Jasciatus GAMB.

742. Chameea fasciata Games. Wren-Tit.

Parus fasciatus Game. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. Aug. 1845, 265. Chamea fasciata GAB. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1847, 154.

ORDER PASSERES. 311

[B 274, part, C 26, part, R 35, part, C 39, part.|

Groc. Dist.— Coast region of California north at least to Hum- boldt Bay.

‘

742 a. Chamzea fasciata henshawi Ripcw. Pallid Wren-Tit.

Chamea fasciata henshawi Rrpew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. June Bp BOO 2h Ie

[B 274, part, C 26, part, R 35, part, C 39, part.]

Groc. Dist.— Interior of California, including the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, from the head of the Sacramento Valley south to northern Lower California.

Genus PSALTRIPARUS Bonaparrve.

Psaltriparus Bonap. Compt. Rend. XXXI. 1850, 478. Type, Parus melanotis HARTL.

745. Psaltriparus minimus (Towns.). Bush-Tit.

Parus minimus Towns. Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VII. ii. 1837, 190. Psaltriparus minimus Bonap. Compt. Rend. XX XVIII. 1854, 62. [B 298, part, C 35, part, R 47, part, C 53, part.|

Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast region, from northern California to Washington. 743 a. Psaltriparus minimus californicus Ruipcw.

California Bush-Tit.

Psaltriparus minimus californicus RipGw. Pr. Biol. Soc. Wash. II. April 10, 1884, 89.

[B 298, part, C 35, part, R 47, part, C 53, part]

Geroc. Dist.— California, except the northern coast district.

312 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

743 6. Psaltriparus minimus grindz (BELDING). Grinda’s Bush-Tit.

Psaltriparus grinde Beup. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VI. Oct. 5, 1883,

155: Psaltriparus minimus grinde Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354- fi [B—,C—, E—, C—]

Geoc. Dist.— Lower California.

744, Psaltriparus plumbeus Lead-colored Bush-Tit.

Psaltria plumbea Barrp, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. June, 1854, 118. Psaltriparus plumbeus BatrD, B. N. Am. 1858, 398. [B 299, C 36, R 48, C 54.]

Groc. Dist.— New Mexico and Arizona, north to eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.

IRD.

744.1. Psaltriparus santaritz Ripcw. Santa Rita Bush-Tit.

Psaltriparus santarite Ripcw. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. X. Sept. 19, 1888, 697.

FR CME IE Ql aa

Geroc. Dist.— Santa Rita Mountains, southern Arizona.

745. Psaltriparus lloydi SENNETT. Lloyd’s Bush-Tit.

Psaltriparus Uoydi Senn. Auk, V. Jan. 1888, 43. [B 297) C ae R 49; C 55-]

Geoc. Dist.— Western Texas (mountains between Pecos River and Rio Grande), and west to eastern Sonora.

Genus AURIPARUS Barrp.

Auriparus BAIRD, Rev. i 8s. Type, Aigithalus flaviceps SUND.

ORDER PASSERES. 313

746. Auriparus flaviceps (SuUND.). Verdin.

Aigithalus flaviceps SUND. Ofv. Vet. Ak. Férh. VII. 1850, r29. Auriparus flaviceps Barrp, Rev. Am. B. I. July, 1864, 85. LB 300, (C37, Reso; C/ 56.)

Groc. Dist.— Southern border of the United States, from the Valley of the Rio Grande to Arizona and southern California, north to southern Nevada and southwestern Utah, and south to Lower California, Zacatecas, and southern Tamaulipas. Resident nearly throughout its range.

Famity SYLVIIDZ. Warsiers, KINGLETS, GNATCATCHERS. SuBFAMILY SYLVIINAS. WaARBLERS.

Genus PHYLLOPSEUSTES Meyer.

Phyllopseustes Mryer, Vog. Lifl. Estl. 1815, 122. Type, Sylver sibilatrix BECHST.

747. Phyllopseustes borealis (Bias.). Kennicott’s Willow Warbler.

Phyllopneuste borealis Buastus, Naumannia, 1858, 313. Phyllopseustes borealis MEvES, J. f. O. 1875, 429.

[B—, C 20, R 34, C 32.] Groc. Dist.— Northeastern Asia and Alaska.

SUBFAMILY REGULINAG. KINGLETS.

Genus REGULUS Cuvier.

Regulus Cuv. Leg. d’Anat. Comp. I. 1799-1800, tab. il. Type, Motacilla regulus LINN.

748. Regulus satrapa LICHT.

Golden-crowned Kinglet. Regulus satrapa Licut. Verz. Doubl. 1823, 35.

314 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 162, part, C 22, part, R 33, C 34-]

Groc. Dist.— North America generally, breeding in the northern and elevated parts of the United States and northward, migrating south in winter to Guatemala.

748 a. Regulus satrapa olivaceus Barrp. Western Goiden-crowned Kinglet.

Regulus satrapa var. olivaceus BAIRD, Rev. Am. B. I. July, 1864, 65 (in text under 2. satrapa). [B 162, part, Clee ipariwk sea. Craiey Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast region of North America, from Cali- fornia northward.

749. Regulus calendula (Linv.). Ruby-crowned Kinglet.

Motacilla calendula Linn. S. N. ed. 12, 1.1766, 337. Regulus calendula Licut. Verz. Doubl. 1823, 35. [Br61,) Cran, Riso, © 33.)

Geroc. Dist.— North America, south to Guatemala, north to the Arctic coast, breeding chiefly north of the United States, and in the Rocky Mountains, the Sierra Nevada, and the mountains of Arizona.

750. Regulus obscurus Ripcew. Dusky Kinglet.

Regulus calendula obscurus RipGw. Bull. U. S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Terr. II. No. 2, April 1, 1876, 184. Regulus obscurus Rrpew. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, IT. July, 1877, 59.

[B—, C—, R 31, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— Guadalupe Island, Lower California.

SUBFAMILY POLIOPTILINAG. GNATCATCHERS.

Genus POLIOPTILA ScLaTer.

Polioptila Scu. P. Z. S. 1855, 11. Type, Motacilla cerulea Linn.

ORDER PASSERES. B15

751. Polioptila czerulea (Linv.). Blue-gray Gnatcatcher.

Motacilla cerulea Linn. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 337. Polioptila cerulea Sci. P. Z. S. 1855, 11. LBra82) C23) Rag. C36.)

Geroc. Dist.— Middle and southern portions of the eastern United States, south, in winter, to Guatemala, Cuba, and the Bahamas; rare north toward the Great Lakes, southern New York, and southern New England, accidental north to Massachusetts and Maine. Breeds throughout its United States range, and winters from the South Atlantic and Gulf States southward.

751 a. Polioptila czerulea obscura Ripew. Western Gnatcatcher.

Polioptila cerula obscura Ripcw. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. V. March 21, 1883, 535, foot-note. [B 282, part, C 23, part, R 27, part, C 36, part. |

Geroc. Dist.— Arizona, California, Lower California, and western Mexico.

752. Polioptila plumbea Barrp.

Plumbeous Gnatecatcher. Culicivora plumbea Baird, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. June, 1854, 118. Poliwptila plumbea Baird, B. N. A. 1858, 382. [Bi283y Cian R28. 28.)

Groc. Dist.— Western Texas to eastern edge of Mohave Desert and eastern coast of Lower California,

753. Polioptila californica Brewst. Black-tailed Gnatcatcher.

foltoptila californica BREwST. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VI. April, 1881, 103. NBeS4y iC aa Rs iC’ 27] Geroc. Dist.— Southern California and Pacific coast of Lower California.

316 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Famity TURDIDZB. TurRvusHEs, SOLITAIRES, STONECHATS, BLUEBIRDS, ETC.

SuBFAMILY MYADESTINA. SOo.itTaires.

Genus MYADESTES Swainson.

Myadestes Swatns. Nat. Libr. XIII. Flycatchers, 1838, 132. Type, M. genibarbis SwWAINs.

754. Myadestes townsendii (Auvp.).

Townsend’s Solitaire. Ptiliogonys townsendii Aup. Orn. Biog. V. 1839, 206, pl. 419, fig. 2. Myiadestes townsendi Cas. Wiegm. Archiv, 1847, 1. 208. [Begs oC rar, \Ri25, 6 mos)

Geoc. Dist.— Western United States, from the Plains westward to the Pacific coast, north to British Columbia, and south, in winter, to the southern border of Arizona and northern Lower California. Breeds from the mountains of New Mexico, southern Arizona, and central California northward.

SUBFAMILY TURDINA. THRUSHES.

Genus TURDUS Linnaeus.

SuBGENUS HYLOCICHLA Barrp.

Hylocichla Bairv, Rev. Am. B. I. June, 1864, 12. Type, Zurdus mustelinus GMEL.

755. Turdus mustelinus GMEL. Wood Thrush.

Turdus mustelinus GMEL. S. N. I. li. 1788, 817.

ORDER PASSERES. 317

[Bi 148, Cay) Re DG.)

Groc. Dist.— Eastern United States to the Plains, north to southern Michigan, Ontario, and Massachusetts, south, in winter, to Guatemala and Cuba. Breeds from Virginia, Kentucky, and Kansas northward.

756. Turdus fuscescens STEPH. Wilson’s Thrush.

Turdus fuscescens STEPH. Gen. Zool. X. i. 1817, 182. PB nee, Cgn Ria C9.

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States to the Plains, north to Manitoba, Ontario, Anticosti, and Newfoundland. Breeds from northern New Jersey and the northern part of the Lake States northward; winters sparingly in Florida, but chiefly south of the United States.

756 a. Turdus fuscescens salicicola (Ripc¢w.). Willow Thrush.

fylocichla fuscescens salicicola Rrpcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. IV. April 6, 1882, 374. Turdus fuscescens salicicola COuES, Key, ed. 2, 1884, 246. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geoc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region, north to British Columbia, east to Dakota, occasionally to Illinois, casually to South Carolina; in winter south to southern Brazil.

757. Turdus alicize Barrp. Gray-cheeked Thrush.

Turdus alice BARD, B. N. Am. 1858, 217. [Bing4, Cgey Rs. ©. 12,] Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, west to the Plains, Alaska, and eastern Siberia, north to the Arctic coast, south, in winter, to Costa Rica. Breeds chiefly north of the United States.

757 a. Turdus aliciz bicknelli (Ripnew.). Bicknell’s Thrush.

Hylocichla alicia bicknelli Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. IV. April 6, 1882, 377. Turdus alicia bicknelli Couts, Key, ed. 2, 1884, 248.

318 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 154, part, C 5a, part, R 3, part, C 12, part.]

Groce. Dist.— Mountainous parts of the northeastern States (Cat- skills, White Mountains, etc.) and Nova Scotia, migrating south in winter.

758. Turdus ustulatus Nort. Russet-backed Thrush. Turdus ustulatus Nutr. Man. Orn. Land. B. ed. 2, 1840, 830 (cestulatus, err. typ. p. 400).

(Biba 2, Wee) Ras aah

Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast region of North America, from Alaska to California, south in winter to northern Lower California, Mexico, and Guatemala.

753 a. Turdus ustulatus swainsonii (Caz.). Olive-backed Thrush. Turdus swainsoni Cas. Fauna Per. 1845-46, 187. Turdus ustulatus B. swainsont Ripcw. Field & Forest, II. May, 1877, 195. PBix53, C5, R 4a, (C.13.]

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, and westward to the Upper Columbia River and East Humboldt Mountains, straggling to the Pacific coast. Southward in winter to Cuba, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Casualin Bermuda. BHreeds in the northern Alleghanies, the Catskills, the mountainous parts of southern New England, southern Sierra Nevada, and northward.

759. Turdus aonalaschkz GMEL. Dwarf Hermit Thrush.

Turdus aonalaschke GMEL. 8S. N. I. ii. 1788, 808. (B 156, C 4b "Riis Cys. 4

Groce. Dist.— Pacific Coast region, from Alaska to Lower Cali- fornia and western Mexico, east during migrations, to Nevada and Arizona. Breeds from the southern Sierra Nevada in California northward.

ORDER PASSERES. 319

759 a. Turdus aonalaschkz auduboni (Bairp). Audubon’s Hermit Thrush. Turdus auduboni BairD, Rev. Am. B. June, 1864, 16. Zurdus aonalaschke audubont Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. III. March 27, 1880, 1. [B 149@, C 4a, R 5a, C g. | Geoc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain region, from near the northern

border of the United States south to the highlands of Mexico and Guatemala, west to the mountains of Arizona and southern Cali- fornia.

7595. Turdus aonalaschke pallasii (Cas.). Hermit Thrush.

Turdus pallasii Cas. Wiegm. Archiv. 1847, i. 205. Turdus aonalaschke pallast Ripcw. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. III. March 27, 1880, 1. (Bix49)' Cia, Ro5e,°C ro.)

Geoc. Dist.— Eastern North America, breeding from the northern Alleghanies, the mountainous parts of southern New England, southern New York, and northern Michigan, etc., northward, and wintering from the Northern States southward.

SusGENUus TURDUS LINNzUws.

Turdus Linn. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 168. Type, by elimination, TZ. viscivorus LINN.

[760.] Turdus iliacus Linn. Red-winged Thrush.

Turdus ilacus LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 168. [B—, C—, R 6, C 4.] Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World; accidental in Greenland.

Genus MEBRULA LeEacu.

Merula LrEacu, Syst. Cat. Brit. Mam. & B. 1816, 20. Type, Turdus merula LINN.

320 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

761. Merula migratoria (Liny.). American Robin. Turdus migratorius LINN. S. N. ed. 12, I. 1766, 292. Merula migratoria Swans. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 368.

[B 155, part, C 1, part, R 7, C1.]

Groc. Dist.— Eastern North America to the Rocky Mountains, including eastern Mexico and Alaska. Breeds from Virginia and Kansas northward to the Arctic coast; winters from southern Canada and the Northern States (irregularly) southward. Casual in Bermuda. Accidental in Europe.

761 a. Merula migratoria propinqua Ripew. Western Robin.

T(urdus| propinguus Ripew. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, II. Jan.

1877, 9. Merula migratoria propingua Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. III.

Aug. 24, 1880, 166. [B. 155, part, Cit, part, R7a, C2.)

Groc. Dist.— Western United States, from the eastern®base of the Rocky Mountains westward, and south to northern Lower Cali- fornia and the tablelands of Mexico.

762. Merula confinis (Bairp). St. Lucas Robin.

Turdus conjinis BAIRD, Rev. Am. B. I. June, 1864, 29. Merula confinis Ripew. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. III. Aug. 24, 1880, 166.

PBC reeR ee Gal

Geroc. Dist.— Cape region of Lower California; accidental at Hayward, California. Genus HESPEROCICHLA Bairp.

Hesperocicthla BAIRD, Rev. Am. B. I. June, 1864, 12. Type, Turdus nevius GMEL,

ORDER PASSERES. 321

763. Hesperocichla nzvia (GMEL.). Varied Thrush.

Turdus nevius GMEL. S. N. I. ii. 1788, 817. Hesperocithla nevia Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. III. Aug. 24, 1880, 166.

By 5 Gg a. Qo Ones) Groc. Dist.— Pacific coast of North America, from Bering Strait

to southern California. Accidental on Guadalupe Island, Lower California, and in New Jersey, Long Island, and Massachusetts.

Genus CYANECULA Breum.

Cyanecula BREHM, Isis, 1828, 1280. Type, Motacilla suecica LINN.

[764.] Cyanecula suecica (Linv.). Red-spotted Bluethroat.

Motacilla suecica LINN. S. N. ed. to, I. 1758, 187. Cyanecula suecica BREHM, Isis, 1828, 1280. [B—, C—, R 20, C 31.] Geroc. Dist.— Northern parts of the Old World; casual in Alaska.

Genus SAXICOLA BEcHSTEIN.

Saxicola BecustT. Orn. Taschb. 1803, 216. Type, MMotacilla enanthe LINN.

765. Saxicola cenanthe (Linvy.). Wheatear. Motacilla enanthe LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 186. Saxicola enanthe BECHST. Orn. Taschb. 1803, 217.

LE ee reg ak C36. | Groce. Dist.— Europe, North Africa, Asia, Alaska, Greeenland, and Labrador, straggling southward to Nova Scotia, Maine, Long Island, and Bermuda. Accidental at New Orleans, La.

21

322 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Genus SIALIA Swainson.

Sialia Swatns. Phil. Mag. I. May, 1827, 369. Type, Motacilla sialis LINN.

766. Sialia sialis (Liyy.). Bluebird.

Motacilla sialis Linn. 8. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 187. Sialia sialis HALDEM. TREGO’s Geog. Penn. 1843, 77.

[B 158, C 16, R 22, C 27.]

Geroc. Dist.— Eastern United States to the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains, north to Manitoba, Ontario, and Nova Scotia, south, in winter, from the Middle States to the Gulf States and Cuba. Bermuda, resident.

766 a. Sialia sialis azurea (SwaINs.). Azure Bluebird.

Sialia agurea BAtRD, Rev. Am. B. July, 1884, 62. Sialia sialis var. azurea B. B. & R. Hist. N. Am. B. I. Jan. 1874, 62.

Pee Oe ay OS

Groc. Dist.— Southern Arizona and eastern Mexico.

767. Sialia mexicana occidentalis (Towns.). Western Bluebird. Sialia occidentalis Towns. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. VII. 1837, 188. Sialia mexicana occidentalis Ripcw. Auk, XI. April, 1894, 151, 154.

[B 159, part, C 17, part, R 23, part, C 28, part.]

Geroc. Dist.— Pacific coast, from British Columbia to southern California, east to western Nevada, and casually, during migrations, to New Mexico.

ORDER PASSERES. 323

767 a. Sialia mexicana bairdi Ripcw. Chestnut-backed Bluebird.

Stalia mexicana bairdi Ripew. Auk, XI. April, 1894, 151, 157. [B 159, part, C 17, part, R 23, part, C 28, part.|

Geoc. Dist.— Rocky Mountain district, south to northern Mexico.

767 6. Sialia mexicana anabelze AnrTHony. San Pedro Bluebird.

Sialia mexicana anabele ANTHONY, Proc. Cal, Acad. Sci. 2d Ser. II. Oct. 1889, 79. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Groc. Dist.— San Pedro Martir Mountains, Lower California.

768. Sialia arctica Swains. i Mountain Bluebird.

Erythaca (Sialia) arctica Swatns. in Sw. & Ricu. Fauna Bor. Am. II. 1831, 209, pl. 39. [B 160, C 18, R 24, C 29.]

Groc. Dist.— Western North America (chiefly the interior), from the western parts of the Plains to the Pacific, north to Great Slave Lake, south to northern Mexico.

BY POIRETICAL LSE.’

FamMiLty PODICIPID Ai.

1. Aichmophorus clarkii (Lawr.). Clark’s Grebe. Podiceps clarkii LAwR. in Barrv’s B. N. Am. 1858, 895. Aachmophorus clarkit Cours, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 229.

[B 705, C 608a, R 730, C 846. ]

Probably the female of 2. occidentalis (Lawr.). (Cf HENSHAW, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VI. 1881, pp. 214-218; B. B. & R., Water B. N. Am. II. p. 423; and especially Bryant, Auk, II. 1885,

PP. 313, 314.)

Famity ALCIDZ.

2. Cepphus motzfeldi (BENIcK.).

Black-winged Guillemot. Uria motzfeldi BENICK. Isis, Aug. 1824, 889. Cepphus motzfeldi StEJN. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VII. Aug. 5, 1884, 210.

(Bee Sy Res ou

North American, but its specific validity not satisfactorily estab- lished. (C/ Steyn. 7. c., and Water B. N. Am. IT. 1884, pp. 497, 498.)

1 Consisting of species which have been recorded as North American, but whose status as North American birds is doubtful, either from lack of positive evidence of their occurrence within the prescribed limits of the present Check-List, or from absence of satisfactory proof of their validity as species.

326 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

3. Cepphus carbo PALL. Sooty Guillemot.

Cepphus carbo Pau. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 350. [B 728, C 633, R 762, C 873.]

No evidence of its occurrence in North America. (Cf STEJN. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. VII. 1884, pp. 225-227.)

Famity LARIDZ.

Genus CREAGRUS Bon.

Creagrus BON. Naumannia, 1854, 211. Type, Larus furcatus NEBOUX.

4. Creagrus furcatus (NEB.). Swallow-tailed Gull.

Larus furcatus NEB. Voy. ‘Venus,’ Atias, pl. ro (1846). Creagrus furcatus Bonap. Naumannia, 1854, 213. [B 679, C 559, R 678, C 791]

In all probability erroneously accredited to North America. At least nine examples are now known,— the type, said to be from Monterey, Cal., three from the Galapagos, one from the coast of Peru, and four from Malpelo Island (Lat. 3° 59’ N., Long. 81° 343! W.).

Famity DIOMEDEID A.

4.1. Diomedea exulans Linn. Wandering Albatross.

Diomedea exulans LINN. S. N. ed. 10, I. 1758, 132. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Southern oceans; said to have occurred in Tampa Bay, Florida, and off coast of Washington. (Cf Cours, Auk, II. Oct. 1885, 387; XII. April, 1895, 178; RrpGway, Man. N. Am. B.

1887, 51. The Florida record is open to question, and the others are unsatisfactory.)

HYPOTHETICAL LIST. 327

Famity PROCELLARIIDZ.

5. Puffinus kuhlii (Bote).

Cinereous Shearwater. Procellaria kuhlii Bork, Isis, 1835, 257- Pufinus kuhlii Bonar. Consp. II. 1856, 202.

(BV arn,./C\ 506, 8 208.0) 830i) An Eastern Atlantic species, of which no American specimens are known to exist in collections.

6. Oceanodroma hornbyi (Gray). Hornby’s Petrel. Thalassidroma hornbyi GRAY, P. Z. 8. 1853, 62. Oceanodroma hornbyi Bonap. Consp. II. 1856, 195. (BiGary. Crikga. Ri 727. C827] A very distinct species, of which only one specimen has been obtained, the alleged locality being the “ northwest coast of America.”

Famity PHALACROCORACID&.

7. Phalacrocorax perspicillatus Pa... Pallas's Cormorant. Phalacrocorax perspicillatus PALu. Zoog. Rosso-As. II. 1826, 305. PBié2n C533. bas, /Cigso.)

Believed, on good evidence, to be now extinct, as it unquestion- ably is in the locality (Bering Island) where originally discovered. Only four specimens are known to exist in collections, —two in the St. Petersburgh Museum and one each in the Leyden and British Museums. Evenif existing, it has no valid claim to a place in the North American fauna. (Cf. Steyn. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VI. 1883, p. 65.)

Famity ARDEID ZA. .

9. Ardea wuerdemanni Barrp. Wurdemann’s Heron.

Ardea wirdemanni Bairp, B. N. Am. 1858, 669.

328 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B 488, C 450, R 486, part, C 656, part.]

Believed to be either the colored phase of 4. occidentalis AUD., or an abnormal specimen of 4. wardi Ripcw. (Cf Ripew. Bull. U. S. Geol. & Geog. Surv. Terr. IV. No. 1, 1878, pp. 229-236; Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VII. 1882, pp. 1-6; Auk, I. 1884, pp. 161-163; Water B. N. Am. I. 1884, pp. 7-13.)

10. Ardea (Dichromanassa) pealei Bonap. Peale’s Egret.

Ardea pealet Bonap. Ann, Lyc. N. Y. II. 1826, 154. [B 482, C 355, part, R 491, part, C 661, part.|

Supposed to be the white phase of 4. rufescens GMEL., but possibly entitled to recognition as a local or geographical race.

FamMILy SCOLOPACID £44.

11. Tringa (Actodromas) cooperi Bairp. Cooper’s Sandpiper.

Tringa cooperi BairD, B. N. Am. 1858, 716. [B 527, C 422, R 535, C 618.] Known only from the single specimen from which the species was originally described, taken on Long Island, in May, 1833, and still

extant in the National Museum. The status of the species is in doubt.

11.1. Numenius arquatus (LINN.). European Curlew. Scolopax arquata LINN. Syst. Nat. I. 1758, 145. Numenius arqguatus LatH. Gen. Syn. Suppl. I. 1787, 291. [B—, C—, R—, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Northern Europe, migrating to southern Africa. Recorded as occurring on Long Island, N.Y. (C4 MarsHaLi and DutcHeEr, Auk, IX. Oct. 1892, 390-392.) While there is no question as to the proper identification of the specimen, the evidence that it was taken on Long Island is not considered entirely satis- factory.

HYPOTHETICAL LIST. 329

Famity CATHARTIDZ.

Genus GYPAGUS VIEILLOT.

Gypagus Viettt. Analyse, 1816, 21. Type, by elimination, Vultur papa LINN.

12. Gypagus papa (LINN.).

King Vulture. Vultur papa Linn. S. N. ed. ro, I. 1758, 86. Gypagus papa VIEILL. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. XXXVI. 1819, 456. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Tropical continental America. Recorded as occur-

ring on the Rio Verde, Arizona, but its identity not satisfactorily determined. (C% Coves, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VI. 1881, p. 248.)

13. Cathartes burrovianus Cass. Burroughs’s Turkey Vulture.

Cathartes burrovianus Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. II. 1845, 212. [B4,C—, R—, C—.] Groc. Dist.— Mexico and eastern South America. Reported as having been seen near Brownsville, Texas. (Cf DressEr, Ibis, 1865, p. 322.)

FaMILy FALCONID ZA.

14. Buteo cooperi Cass. Cooper's Henhawk.

Buteo cooperi Cass. Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. VIII. 1856, 253.

[B 29, C 349, R 437, C 514.] Probably the light phase of B. arlani Aup. (Cf Ripew. Auk, I. 1884, pp. 253, 254; tid., II. 1885, pp. 165, 166.)

330 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

Famity PSITTACID 4.

Genus RHYNCHOPSITTA Bonaparte.

Rhynchopsitta Bonar. Rev. et Mag. Zool. VI. 1854, 149. Type, Macrocercus pachyrhynchus Swains.

16. Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha (Swains.). Thick-billed Parrot.

Macrocercus pachyrhynchus Swans. Phil. Mag. I. 1827, 439. Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha BonaP. Rev. et Mag. Zool. VI. 1854, 149. [B 64, C —, R 391, C—.]

Geroc. Dist.— Mexico. ‘There is said to be a specimen in “the collection of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, labelled Rio Grande, Texas, J. W. Audubon,” but there is doubt as to whether the specimen was really taken within the limits of the United States. (Cf Bairp, Birds N. Am. 1858, p. 66, foot-note; Ripcw. Man. N. Am. B, 1887, 269.) Its occurrence in Texas is not improbable but the evidence is unsatisfactory.

Famity CAPRIMULGID&.

16.1. Chordeiles virginianus sennetti (CovEs). Sennett’s Nighthawk.

Chordiles popetue sennetti Cours, Auk, V. Jan. 1888, 37. Chordeiles virginianus sennetti CHAMBERLAIN, Systematic Table of Canadian Birds, 1888, Appendix A. p. 14. [B 115, part, C 2674, part, R 3674, part, C 400, part.] Groce. Dist.— “ Dakota to Texas, in any treeless country.”

Famity FRINGILLIDZ.

17. Acanthis brewsterii Ripcw. Brewster’s Linnet.

igiothus (flavirostris var.) brewsterit RipGw. Am. Nat. July, 1872, 433. Acanthis brewsterit RripGw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354. [B—, C 147, R 180, C 211.]

HYPOTHETICAL LIST. 331

The type-specimen, taken at Waltham, Mass., remains unique. It cannot be identified with any known species, but may be a hybrid between Acanthis linaria and Spinus pinus. (Cf. BREwsT. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VI. 1881, p. 225.)

18. Spiza townsendii (Avp.). Townsend’s Bunting.

Emberiza townsendit Auv. Orn. Biog. II. 1834, 183. Spiza townsendii Ripcw. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. III. Aug. 24, 1880, 182. [Big7o, C192, Rags, C)288.| The original specimen, taken May 11, 1833, in Chester County, Pa., by Mr. J. K. Townsend, remains unique. Its peculiarities can- not be accounted for by hybridism, nor probably by individual varia- tion.

FaMILy VIREONIDZ. Genus HYLOPHILUS Temmincx.

HHylophilus Tem. Pl. Col. III. Livr. 29, 1823, text, and pl. 173, fig. 1. Type, 4. thoracicus TEMM.

19. Hylophilus decurtatus (Bonap.). Short-winged Hylophilus. Sylvicola decurtata BonaP. P. Z. S. 1837, 118. Lylophilus decurtatus BAIRD, Rev. Am. B. I. 1866, 380. [B—, C—, R—, C—.] Geroc. Dist.— Mexico and Central America, to Isthmus of Panama. Southern Texas? (Helinai brevipennis Giraup, Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 1850, 40. ‘Mexico and Texas.’’)

Famity MNIOTILTID 4.

20. Helminthophila lawrencei (HERRICK). Lawrence’s Warbler.

Helminthophaga lawrencei Herrick, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila.

1874, 220, pl. 15. Helminthophila lawrencei Ripcw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club. VII.

Jan. 1882, 53.

332 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

[B—, C—, R 80, C g9.]

About a dozen specimens have been taken, chiefly in New Jersey and southern Connecticut. Supposed to be a hybrid between HZ. pinus and H. chrysoptera. (Cf. Ripew. Ibis, 1876, p. 169 ; Brewst. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VI. 1881, pp. 218-225 ; Eames, Auk, VI. 1889, pp.

305-310.)

21. Helminthophila leucobronchialis (Brewsr.). Brewster’s Warbler. Flelminthophaga leucobronchialis BRewst. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, I. Jan. 1876, 1, plate. LHelminthophila leucobronchialis Ripcw. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VIL Jan, 1832,153. [B—, C —, R 82, C 100.]

Known from numerous specimens, taken in Southern New Eng- land, Lower Hudson Valley, New Jersey, Virginia, Michigan, etc. Supposed to be a hybrid between . pimus and HZ. chrysoptera. (Cf. BrewstT. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, VI. 1881, pp. 218-225 ; RipGw. Auk, II. Oct. 1885, pp. 359-363 ; Eames, Auk, VI. 1889, pp. 305-310.)

22. Helminthophila cincinnatiensis (LAncp.). Cincinnati Warbler. Helminthophaga cincinnatiensis LANGD. Jour. Cine. Soc. N. H. July, 1880, 119, 120, pl. 4. Helminthophila cincinnatiensis Rripcw. Pr. U. 8. Nat. Mus. VIII.

1885, 354. [B—, C—, R—, C ro1.] One specimen taken near Cincinnati, Ohio. Probably a hybrid between H. pinus and Geothlypis (Oporornis) formosa. (Cf. Rrpew. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, V. 1880, p. 237.)

23. Dendroica (Perissoglossa ?) carbonata (Aup.). Carbonated Warbler. Sylvia carbonata Aup. Orn. Biog. I. 1831, 308, pl. 60. Dendroica carbonata BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 287. Perissoglossa carbonata B. B. & R. Hist. N. Am. B, I. Jan. 1874,

214.

HYPOTHETICAL LIST. 333

[B 207, C—, R91, C—.]

Known only from Audubon’s plate and description of two speci- mens killed near Henderson, Kentucky, in May, 1811.

24. Dendroica montana (WILS.). Blue Mountain Warbler.

Sylvia montana Wiis. Am. Orn. V. 1812, 113, pl. 44, fig. 2. Dendroica montana BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 278. [B 199, C—, R 112, C—.]

Known only from the works of Wilson and Audubon. Taken in the Blue Mountains of Virginia. Not as yet satisfactorily identified with any other species.

25. Sylvania (?) microcephala Rivew. Small-headed Warbler.

Sylvania microcephala Ripew. Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. VIII. 1885, 354. (= Muscicapa minuta Wits. Am. Orn. VI. 1812, 62, pl. 1, fig. 5, nec GMEL., 1788.) [B 212, C—, R 126, C—.] Known only from the works of Wilson and Audubon. Claimed to have been taken in New Jersey and Kentucky.

Famity SYLVIIDZ.

26. Regulus cuvierii Aup. Cuvier’s Kinglet.

Regulus cuvierti AupD. Orn. Biog. I. 1832, 288, pl. 55. [B 163, C—, R 32, C—.] Known only from Audubon’s description and figure of the original

specimen, killed in June, 1812, on the banks of the Schuylkill River, in Pennsylvania.

+ i Wray AN ‘ / :

sana ven

THE

FOSSIL BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA.

A.— JURASSIC.

1. Laopteryx priscus Marsu. Laopteryx priscus Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. XXI. 1881, 341.

Upper Jurassic beds of Wyoming.

B. — CRETACEOUS.’

2. Apatornis celer Marsu.

Ichthyornis celer Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. V. 1873, 74. Apatornis celery MarsH, Am. Journ. Sci. V. 1873, 162.

Middle Cretaceous of western Kansas.

3. Baptornis advenus Marsu. Baptornis advenus Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. XIV. 1877, 86. Cretaceous of western Kansas, in the same beds with Odontor- nithes and Pteranodontia. 4. Cimolopteryx rarus Marsu.

Cimolopteryx rarus MarsH, Am. Journ. Sci. XLIV. 1892, 175, ply iene,

Laramie beds of Wyoming. 5. Cimolopteryx retusus Marsu. Cimolopteryx retusus Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. XLIV. 1892, 175.

Laramie beds of Wyoming.

1The genera alphabetically arranged.

336 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

6. Coniornis altus Marsu. Coniornis altus Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. XLV. 1893, 82.

Cretaceous of Montana, near mouth of Judith River.

7. Graculavus velox Marsu. Graculavus velox Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. III. 1872, 363.

Greensand of the middle marl bed, or Upper Cretaceous, near Hornerstown, New Jersey.

8. Graculavus pumilus Mars. Graculavus pumilus Marsu, Am. Journ, Sci. III. 1872, 364.

Greensand of the middle marl bed, or Upper Cretaceous, near Hornerstown, New Jersey.

9. Hesperornis regalis Marsu. Hesperornis regalis Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. III. 1872, 56.

Pteranodon beds of western Kansas.

10. Hesperornis crassipes Marsu.

Lestornis crassipes Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. XI. 1876, 509. Hesperornis crassipes Marsu, Odontornithes, 1880, 196, figs. 40 a—d, pls. vil, xvii.

Yellow chalk of the Pteranodon beds, western Kansas.

11. Hesperornis gracilis Marsu. Hesperornis gracilis Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. XI. 1876, 510.

Yellow chalk of the Pteranodon beds, western Kansas.

12. Ichthyornis dispar Marsu. Ichthyornis dispar Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. IV. 1872, 344.

Pteranodon beds, Middle Cretaceous, northwestern Kansas.

FOSSIL BIRDS. 337

13. Ichthyornis agilis Marsu.

Graculavus agilis Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. V. 1873, 230. Ichthyornis agilis Marsu, Odontornithes, 1880, 197.

Pteranodon beds, Middle Cretaceous, western Kansas.

14. Ichthyornis anceps Marsu.

Graculavus anceps Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. III. 1872, 364. Ichthyornis anceps Marsu, Odontornithes, 1880, 198.

Gray shale of the Middle Cretaceous, Smoky Hill River, western Kansas.

15. Ichthyornis lentus Marsu.

Graculavus lentus Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. XIV. 1877, 253. Ichthyornis lentus Marsu, Odontornithes, 1880, 198.

Middle Cretaceous beds, near Fort McKinney, Texas.

16. Ichthyornis tener Marsu. Lchthyornis tener Marsu, Odontornithes, 1880, 198, pl. xxx. fig. 8.

Pteranodon beds, Middle Cretaceous, Wallace County, Kansas.

17. Ichthyornis validus Marsu.

Lchthyornis validus Marsu, Odontornithes, 1880, 198, pl. xxx. figs. 11-14.

Yellow chalk of the Middle Cretaceous, near Solomon River, northwestern Kansas.

18. Ichthyornis victor Marsu. Lchthyornis victor Marsu, Am. Journ, Sci. XI. 1876, srr.

Middle Cretaceous of Kansas, in various localities.

19. Laornis edvardsianus Marsu. Laornis edvardsianus Marsu, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1870, s.

Middle marl bed, Upper Cretaceous, Birmingham, New Jersey.

22

338 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

20. Palzeotringa littoralis Marsu. Paleotringa littoralis Marsu, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1870, 5. Greensand of the Upper Cretaceous, near Hornerstown, New Jersey. 21. Paleotringa vagans Marsu. Paleotringa vagans MarsH, Am. Journ. Sci. III. 1872, 365.

Greensand of the Upper Cretaceous, near Hornerstown, New Jersey.

22. Palzotringa vetus Marsu. Scolopax Morton, Syn. Organic Remains of the Cret. U.S.

1834, 32- Paleotringa vetus Marsu, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1870, 5.

Lower marl bed of the Cretaceous formation, near Arneytown, New Jersey.

28. Telmatornis priscus Marsu. Telmatornis priscus Marsu, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1870, 5. Middle marl bed of the Upper Cretaceous, near Hornerstown, New Jersey. 24. Telmatornis affinis Marsu. Telmatornis affinis Marsu, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1870, 5.

Middle marl beds of the Upper Cretaceous, near Hornerstown, New Jersey.

C.— TERTIARY.

SupcLass RATITA.

25. Gastornis giganteus (Cope).

Diatryma gigantea Cope, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1876, 11. Gastornis giganteus CouES, Key N. A. Birds, 2d ed. 1884, 825.

Wahsatch Epoch, Eocene of New Mexico.

Ul

FOSSIL BIRDS. 339

26. Barornis regens MarsH. Barornis regens Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. XLVIII. 1894, 344.

Eocene of New Jersey, near Squantum, N. J.

SupcLass CARINAT-.

OrpER PYGOPODES.

27. Uria antiqua (Marsx).

Catarractes antigua MarsH, Am. Journ. Sci. XLIX. 1870, 213. Uria antigua Cours, in A. O. U. Check-List, ed. 1, 1886, 363.

Miocene of North Carolina.

28. Uria affinis (MarsH).

Catarractes affinis Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. IV. 1872, 259. Uria affinis Cours, in A. O. U. Check-List, ed. 1, 1886, 363.

Post-pliocene of Maine.

OrpER LONGIPENNES.

29. Larus robustus SHUFELDT.

Larus robustus SHUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, 398, pl. XV, fig. 1, 2.

Pliocene of Oregon.

30. Larus oregonus SHUFELDT.

Larus oregonus SHUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, 398.

Pliocene of Oregon.

340 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

OrpER TUBINARES.

31. Puffinus conradii Marsu. Pufinus conradit MarsH, Am. Journ. Sci. XLIX. 1870, 212.

Miocene of Maryland.

OrDER STEGANOPODES.

52. Sula loxostyla Cope. Sula loxostyla Corr, Tr. Amer. Philos. Soc. XIV. 1870, 236.

Miocene of North Carolina.

33, Phalacrocorax idahensis (Marsu).

Graculus idahensis Marsu, Am, Journ. Sci. XLIX. 1870, 216. Phatacrocorax tdahensis Cours, Key N. A. Birds, 2d ed. 1884, 824.

Pliocene of Idaho.

34, Phalacrocorax macropus (Cope).

Graculus macropus Cope, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr. IV. No. 2, 1878, 386.

Phatacrocorax macropus CouES, Key N. A. Birds, 2d ed. 1884, 824.

Pliocene of Oregon.

FOSSIL BIRDS. 341

OrpER ANSERES.

35. Anser condoni SHUFELDT.

Anser condont: SHUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, 406.

Pliocene of Oregon.

36. Branta hypsibatus (Corr). Anser hypsibatus Cork, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr. IV. No. 2, 1878, 387. Branta hypsibates Cours, in A. O. U. Check-List, ed. 1, 1886, 364. 37. Branta propinqua SHUFELDT.

Branta propingua SHUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. PSOZ NAOT, Pla RVy, 1.) 07s Pliocene of Oregon.

38. Cygnus paloregonus Cope.

Cygnus paloregonus Cope, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr. IV. No. 2, 1878, 338.

Pliocene of Oregon.

ORDER ODONTOGLOSSE.

39. Phoenicopterus copei SHUFELDT.

Phenicopterus copet SAUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat.’ Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, 410, pl. xv, fig. 41-43, pl. xvii, fig. 28, 29, 38.

Pliocene of Oregon.

OrpDER HERODIONES.

40. Ardea paloccidentalis SHUFELDT. Ardea paloccidentalis SHUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, 411, pl. xvil. fig. 31.

Pliocene of Oregon.

342 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

OrvER PALUDICOL.

41. Grus haydeni Marsu. Grus haydeni MarsH, Am. Journ, Sci. XLIX. 1870, 214.

Pliocene of Nebraska.

42. Grus proavus Marsu. Grus proavus Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. IV. 1872, 261.

Post-pliocene of New Jersey.

43. Fulica minor SHUFELDT.

Fulica minor SHUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, Are: \ pl. xvil. fie. 32)

Pliocene of Oregon.

44. Aletornis nobilis Marsu. Aletornis nobilis MarsH, Am. Journ. Sci. IV. 1872, 256.

Eocene of Wyoming.

45, Aletornis pernix Marsu. Aletornis pernix MarsH, Am. Journ. Sci. IV. 1872, 256.

Eocene of Wyoming.

46. Aletornis venustus Marsu.

Aletornis venustus Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. IV. 1872, 257.

Eocene of Wyoming.

47. Aletornis gracilis Marsu. Aletornis gracilis MarsH, Am. Journ. Sci. IV. 1872, 258.

Eocene of Wyoming.

FOSSIL BIRDS. 343

48. Aletornis bellus Marsu. Aletornis bellus Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. IV. 1872, 258.

Eocene of Wyoming.

OrvER LIMICOL/.

49, Charadrius sheppardianus Cope.

Charadrius sheppardianus Core, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr. ViINo 2 18817182.

(Formation and locality not given.)

OrpER GALLINZ.

50. Paleeotetrix gilli SHUFELDT. Paleotetrix gilli SHurELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, Aegy pl. eval. fie.) 37.

Pliocene of Oregon.

51. Pedioczetes lucasi SHUFELDT.

Pediocetes lucasi SHUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, 414, pl. xvii. fig. 30.

Pliocene of Oregon.

52. Pedioczetes nanus SHUFELDT.

Pediocetes nanus SHUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, 414, pl. xvii. fig. 36, 37.

Pliocene of Oregon.

53. Meleagris antiquus Marsu. Meleagris antiquus Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. I]. 1871, 126.

Miocene of Colorado.

344 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS.

54. Meleagris altus Marsu. Meleagris altus Marsu, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1870, 11.

Post-pliocene of New Jersey.

55. Meleagris celer Marsu. Meleagris celer Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. 1872, 261.

Post-pliocene of New Jersey.

ORDER RAPTORES.

56. Paleeoborus umbrosus Cope.

Cathartes umbrosus Copx, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1874, 151. Paleoborus umbrosus COuES, Key N. A. Birds, 2d ed. 1884, 822.

Pliocene of New Mexico.

57. Bubo leptosteus Marsu. Bubo leptosteus Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. II. 1871, 126.

Lower Tertiary of Wyoming.

58. Aquila danana Marsu. Aquila danana Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. II. 1871, 125.

Pliocene of Nebraska.

59. Aquila pliogryps SHUFELDT.

Aquila pliogryps SHUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, 416, pl. xvii. fig. 33.

Pliocene of Oregon.

60. Aquila sodalis SHUFELDT. Aguila sodalis SHUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, ry ey

Pliocene of Oregon.

FOSSIL BIRDS. 345

OrpDER COCCYGES.

61. Uintornis lucaris Marsu. Uintornis lucaris Marsu, Am. Journ. Sci. IV. 1872, 259.

Lower Tertiary formation of Wyoming.

OrpER PASSERES.

62. Corvus annectens SHUFELDT.

Corvus annectens SHUFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, 419, pl. xv. fig. 14-16.

Pliocene of Oregon.

63. Scolecophagus affinis SHUFELDT.

Scolecophagus afinis SHuFELDT, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. XI. 1892, 418, pl. xv. fig. ro.

Pliocene of Oregon.

64. Palzeospiza bella ALLEN.

Palaospiza bella ALLEN, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr. IV. No. 2, 1878, 443, pli. figs. 1, 2.

Insect-bearing shales of Florissant, Colorado.

Phe

NK

eee

ACANTHIS, 217. brewsterii, 330. hornemannii, 217.

hornemannii exilipes, 217.

linaria, 217.

linaria holbeellii, 217.

linaria rostrata, 218. Accipiter, 128.

atricapillus, 129.

atricapillus striatulus, 129.

cooperi, 128. velox, 128. Accipitrine, 126. Actitis, 96. macularia, 97. Actochelidon, 23. Actodromas, 87. /&chmophorus, I. clarkii, 325. occidentalis, I. fXgialitis, 100. dubia, Tot. hiaticula, rol. meloda, Iot.

meloda circumcincta, IOI.

mongola, 102. montana, 103. nivosa, 102. semipalmata, 100. vocifera, I00. wilsonia, 102. Aéronautes, 172. melanoleucus, 172. Aésalon, 138. fAstrelata, 34. fisheri, 34. hasitata, 34. scalaris, 34. Agelaius, 204. gubernator, 205. phceniceus, 204. pheeniceus bryanti, 205.

pheeniceus sonoriensis, 205.

tricolor, 205.

INDEX.

Aix, 52.

Aix sponsa, 52.

Ajaja, 66. ajaja, 67.

Alauda, 191. arvensis, 191.

Alaudidz, 191.

Albatross, Black-footed, 28. Short-tailed, 28.

Sooty, 29. Wandering, 326. Yellow-nosed, 28.

Alca, 12. torda, 12.

Alcedinidz, 156.

Alcide, 5, 325.

Alcine, II.

Alcyones, 156.

Aletornis bellus, 343. gracilis, 342. nobilis, 342. pernix, 342. venustus, 342.

Alle, 13. alle, 13.

Allin, 13.

Amazilia, 177. cerviniventris, 177. fuscicaudata, 177.

Ammodramus, 223, 227. bairdii, 226. beldingi, 225. caudacutus, 227. caudacutus nelsoni, 227. caudacutus subvirgatus, 228. henslowii, 226. henslowii occidentalis, 227. leconteli, 227. maritimus, 228. maritimus peninsulz, 228. maritimus sennetti, 228. nigrescens, 229. princeps, 223. rostratus, 225.

348

Ammodramus rostratus guttatus, 225.

sandwichensis, 224.

sandwichensis alaudinus, 224.

sandwichensis bryanti, 224.

sandwichensis savanna, 224. savannarum passerinus, 226. savannarum perpallidus, 226.

Ampelide, 260. Ampelinze, 260. Ampelis, 260. cedrorum, 260. garrulus, 260. Amphispiza, 237. belli, 238. belli cinerea, 238. belli nevadensis, 238. bilineata, 237. Anas, 48. americana, 49. boschas, 48. carolinensis, 50. crecca, 50. cyanoptera, 51. discors, 50. fulvigula, 48. fulvigula maculosa, 49. obscura, 48. penelope, 49. strepera, 49. Anatide, 47. Anatine, 48. Ancylocheilus, go. Anhinga, 41.

anhinga, 41. Anhingide, 41. Ani, 153.

Groove-billed, 153. Anorthura, 300. Anous, 27.

stolidus, 27. Anser, 61.

albifrons, 61.

albifrons gambeli, 61.

condoni, 340. Anseres, 47.

Anserine, 60. Anthus, 289.

cervinus, 290.

pensilvanicus, 289.

pratensis, 290.

spragueli, 290. Antrostomus, 168.

carolinensis, 168.

vociferus, 168.

vociferus macromystax, 169.

Apatornis celer, 335. Aphelocoma, 196.

INDEX.

Aphelocoma californica, 197. californica hypoleuca, 197. californica obscura, 197. cyanotis, 197. floridana, 196. insularis, 197. sieberii arizonz, 198. woodhousei, 196.

Aphriza, 103. virgata, 103.

Aphrizide, 103.

Aphrizine, 103.

Aquila, 135. chrysaétos, 135. danana, 344. pliogryps, 344. sodalis, 344.

Aramide, 76.

Aramus, 76. giganteus, 76.

Archibuteo, 134. ferrugineus, 135. lagopus, 134.

lagopus sancti-johannis, 134.

Arctonetta, 56. fischeri, 56. Ardea, 70. candidissima, 72. cinerea, 71. cerulea, 73. egretta, 71. herodias, 71. occidentalis, 71. paloccidentalis, 341. pealei, 328. rufescens, 72. tricolor ruficollis, 72. virescens, 73. virescens frazari, 73. wardi, 71. wuerdemanni, 327. Ardeidz, 69, 327. Ardeinz, 70. Ardetta, 70. exilis, 70. neoxena, 70. Arenaria, 103. interpres, 103. melanocephala, 104. Arenariinz, 103. Arquatella, 87. Asio, 142. accipitrinus, 142. wilsonianus, 142. Astur, 128. Asturina, 134. plagiata, 134.

Asyndesmus, 165.

Auk, Great, 13. Razor-billed, 12.

Auklet, Cassin’s, 7.

Crested, 7. Least, 8. Paroquet, 7.

Rhinoceros, 6. Whiskered, 8. Auriparus, 312. flaviceps, 313. Avocet, American, 83. Aythya, 52. affinis, 53. americana, 52. collaris, 53. marila nearctica, 53. vallisneria, 53.

BALDPATE, 49. Baptornis advenus, 335. Barornis regens, 339. Bartramia, 96. longicauda, 96. Basileuterus, 288. belli, 288. culicivorus, 288. Basilinna, 178. leucotis, 178. xantusi, 178. Becard, Xantus’s, 179. Bird, Man-of-War, 46. Red-billed Tropic, 39. Surf, 103.

Yellow-billed Tropic, 39.

Bittern, American, 70. Cory’s Least, 70. Least, 70.

Blackbird, Bicolored, 205. Brewer’s, 209. Red-winged, 204. Rusty, 209. Tricolored, 205. Yellow-headed, 204.

Bluebird, 322.

Azure, 322. Chestnut-backed, 323. Mountain, 323.

San Pedro, 322. Western, 322.

Bluethroat, Red-spotted, 321.

Bobolink, 202. |

Bob-white, 106. Florida, 106. Masked, 107. Texan, 107.

INDEX.

349

Bonasa, I12. umbellus, 112. umbellus sabini, 112. umbellus togata, I12. umbellus umbelloides, 112. Booby, 40. Blue-faced, 40. Blue-footed, 4o. Brewster’s, 40. Red-footed, 4o. Botaurinz, 69. Botaurus, 69. lentiginosus, 70. Brachyramphus, 9. craveri, Io. hypoleucus, 9. kittlitzii, 9. marmoratus, 9. Brant, 63. Black, 63. Branta, 62. bernicla, 63. canadensis, 62. canadensis hutchinsil, 62. canadensis minima, 63. canadensis occidentalis, 62. hypsibatus, 341. leucopsis, 63. nigricans, 63. propinqua, 341. Bubo, 147. leptosteus, 344. virginianus, 148. virginianus arcticus, 148. virginianus saturatus, 148. virginianus subarcticus, 148. Bubonide, 142. Budytes, 289. flavus leucostriatus, 289. Buffle-head, 54. Bullfinch, Cassin’s, 212. Bulweria, 34. bulweri, 35. Bunting, Beautiful, 252. Indigo, 252. Lark, 254. Lazuli, 252. Painted, 252. Townsend’s, 331. Varied, 252. Burrica, 213. Bush-Tit, 311. Californian, 311. Grinda’s, 312. Lead-colored, 312. Lloyd’s, 312. Santa Rita, 312.

Boe

Buteo, 130. abbreviatus, 132.

albicaudatus sennetti, 132.

borealis, 130. borealis calurus, 130. borealis harlani, 131. borealis kriderii, 130. borealis lucasanus, 131. brachyurus,” 133. buteo, 130. cooperi, 329. latissimus, 133. lineatus, 131. lineatus alleni, 131. lineatus elegans, 132. swainsoni, 132.

Buteola, 133.

Butorides, 73.

Buzzard, European, 130.

CALAMOSPIZA, 254. melanocorys, 254. Calcarius, 221. lapponicus, 221. ornatus, 222. pictus, 221. Calidris, 91. arenaria, QI. Callichelidon, 259. cyaneoviridis, 259. Callipepla, 108. californica, 109. californica vallicola, 109. gambeli, 109. Ssquamata, 108.

squamata castanogastris, 108.

Caliothrus, 203.

robustus, 204. Calothorax, 177.

lucifer, 177, Calyote, 175.

anna, 175.

coste, 175. Campephilus, 157.

principalis, 158. Camptolaimus, 56.

iabradorius, 56. Canachites, 111. Canvas-back, 53. Caprimulgi, 168. Caprimulgide, 168, 330. Caracara, Audubon’s, I4I.

Guadalupe, 141. Cardellina, 287. Cardellina rubrifrons, 287. Cardinal, 249.

INDEX.

Cardinal, Arizona, 249. Gray-tailed, 249. Saint Lucas, 249. Texas, 250. Cardinalis, 248. cardinalis, 249. cardinalis canicaudus, 249. cardinalis igneus, 249. cardinalis superbus, 249. Carinatz, 339. Carpodacus, 212. amplus, 214. cassini, 213. mexicanus frontalis, 213. mexicanus ruberrimus, 214. purpureus, 213. purpureus californicus, 213. Catbird, 292. Catharista, 125. atrata, 125. Cathartes, 125. aura, 125. burrovianus, 329. Cathartidz, 124, 329. Catherpes, 296. mexicanus, 297. mexicanus Conspersus, 297. mexicanus punctulatus, 297. Centrocercus, I17. urophasianus, I17. Centronyx, 225. Centurus, 165. Ceophleeus, 164. pileatus, 164. Cepphi, 3. Cepphus, fo. carbo, 326. columba, II. grylle, Io. mandtii, Io. motzfeldi, 325. Cerorhinca, 6. monocerata, 6. Certhia, 303. familiaris alticola, 303. familiaris americana, 303. familiaris occidentalis, 304. Certhiidze, 303. Ceryle, 156. alcyon, 156.

americana septentrionalis, 157.

torquata, 157. Chachalaca, 119. Chetura, 172.

pelagica, 172.

vauxii, 172. Cheeturinz, 171.

Chameea, 310. fasciata, 310. fasciata henshawi, 311. Chamzine, 310. Charadriidz, 98. Charadrius, 99. apricarius, 99. dominicus, 99. dominicus fulvus, roo. sheppardianus, 343. squatarola, 99. Charitonetta, 54. albeola, 54. Chat, Long-tailed, 285. Yellow-breasted, 285. Chaulelasmus, 49. Chelidon, 258. erythrogaster, 258. Chen, 60. czerulescens, 61. hyperborea, 60. hyperborea nivalis, 60. rossii, 61. Chickadee, 307. California, 310. Carolina, 308. Chestnut-backed, 310. Columbian, 310. Hudsonian, 309. Kowak, 309. Long-tailed, 308. Mexican, 309. Mountain, 309. Oregon, 308. Plumbeous, 308. Siberian, 309. Chloroceryle, 157. Chondestes, 229. grammacus, 220. grammacus strigatus, 229. Chordeiles, 170. acutipennis texensis, 171. virginianus, 170. virginianus chapmani, I71. virginianus henryi, 170. virginianus sennetti, 330. Chuck-will’s-widow, 168. Ciceronia, 8. Ciconie, 68. Ciconiide, 68. Ciconiine, 69. Cimolopteryx rarus, 335. retusus, 335. Cinclidz, 291. Cinclus, 291. mexicanus, 291. Circus, 127.

INDEX.

Circus hudsonius, 128. Cistothorus, 301. marianz, 303. palustris, 302. palustris griseus, 302. palustris paludicola, 302. stellaris, 301. Clamatores, 179. Clangula, 55. hyemalis, 55. Clivicola, 259. riparia, 259. Coccothraustes, 211. vespertinus, 211. vespertinus montanus, 211. Coccyges, 153. Coccyginz, 153. Coccyzus, 154. americanus, 154.

americanus occidentalis, 155.

erythrophthalmus, 155. minor, 154. minor maynardi, 154. Ceeligena, 173. clemenciz, 174. Ccereba, 267. bahamensis, 268. Ceerebidz, 267. Colaptes, 166. auratus, 166. cafer, 167. cafer saturatior, 167. chrysoides, 167. rufipileus, 167. Colinus, 106. ridgwayl, 107. virginianus, 106. virginianus floridanus, 106. virginianus texanus, 107. Columba, 119. fasciata, 119. fasciata viosce, 120. flavirostris, 120. leucocephala, 120. Columbe, 119. Columbidz, 119. Columbigallina, 122. passerina pallescens, 123. passerina terrestris, 122. Colymbus, I. auritus, 2. dominicus, 2. holbeelii, 1.

351

Colymbus nigricollis californicus, 2.

Compsohalieus, 43. Compsothlypis, 273. americana, 273.

sha

Compsothlypis nigrilora, 273.

Coniornis altus, 336.

Contopus, 185. borealis, 185. pertinax, 186. richardsonii, 186. richardsonii peninsulz, 187. virens, 186.

Conutrus, 152. carolinensis, 152.

Coot, American, 81. European, 81.

Cormorant, 42.

Baird’s, 44. Brandt’s, 44. Double-crested, 42. Farallone, 43. Florida, 42. Mexican, 43. Pallas’s, 327. Pelagic, 44. Red-faced, 45. Violet-green, 44. White-crested, 43.

Corvidz, 194.

Corvinz, 199.

Corvus, 199. americanus, 200. americanus floridanus, 200. caurinus, 201. corax principalis, 200. corax sinuatus, 200. cryptoleucus, 200. ossifragus, 201.

Cotingide, 179.

Coturnicops, 79.

Coturniculus, 226.

Cowbird, 203.

Dwarf, 203. Red-eyed, 204.

Cracidz, 119.

Crake, Corn, 80. Spotted, 78.

Crane, Little Brown, 75. Sandhill, 75. Whooping, 75.

Creagrus, 326. furcatus, 326.

Creciscus, 79.

Creeper, Bahama Honey, 268. Brown, 303. California, 304. Mexican, 303.

Rocky Mountain, 303.

Crex, 8o. crex, 80.

Crossbill, American, 214. Mexican, 215.

INDEX.

Crossbill, White-winged, 215.

Crotophaga, 153. ani, 153. sulcirostris, 153.

Crotophagine, 153.

Crow, American, 200. Fish, 201.

Florida, 200. Northwest, 201.

Crymophilus, 82. fulicarius, 82.

Cuckoo, Black-billed, 155. California, 155. Kamchatkan, 1 55: Mangrove, 154. Maynard’s, 154. Yellow-billed, 154.

Cuculi, 153.

Cuculide, 153.

Cuculus, 155. canorus telephonus, 155.

Curlew, Bristle-thighed, 98. Eskimo, 97. European, 328. Hudsonian, 97. Long-billed, 97.

Cyanecula, 321. suecica, 321.

Cyanocephalus, 201. cyanocephalus, 202.

Cyanocitta, 194. cristata, 194. cristata florincola, 195. stelleri, 195. stelleri annectens, 196. stelleri frontalis, 195. stelleri macrolopha, 195.

Cyclorrhynchus, 7. psittaculus, 7.

Cygnine, 65.

Cygnus paloregonus, 341.

Cymodroma, 38. grallaria, 38.

Cypseli, 171.

Cypseloides, 171. niger, 171.

Cyrtonyx, 109. montezume, II10.

Cyrtopelicanus, 45.

DAFILA, 51. acuta, 51. Daption, 35. capensis, 35. Dendragapus, I10. canadensis, IIT. franklinii, 111.

Dendragapus obscurus, I 10. obscurus fuliginosus, I1o.

obscurus richardsonii, 111.

Dendrocygna, 64. autumnalis, 64. fulva, 64.

Dendroica, 273, 274. zestiva, 274. zstiva sonorana, 274. auduboni, 275. blackburniz, 277. bryanti castaneiceps, 275. czerulea, 276. caerulescens, 275. carbonata, 332. castanea, 277. chrysoparia, 278. coronata, 275. discolor, 281. dominica, 277. dominica albilora, 278. graciz, 278. kirtlandi, 280. maculosa, 276. montana, 333- nigrescens, 278. occidentalis, 279. olivacea, 274. palmarum, 280.

palmarum hypochrysea, 280.

pensylvanica, 276. striata, 277. tigrina, 273. townsendi, 279. vigorsii, 280. virens, 279. Dichromanassa, 72. Dickcissel, 254. Diomedea, 28. albatrus, 28. exulans, 326. nigripes, 28. Diomedeidz, 28, 326. Dipper, American, 291. Dolichonyx, 202. oryzivorus, 202. Dove, Ground, 122. Inca, 123. Mexican Ground, 123. Mourning, 121. White-fronted, 122. White-winged, 122. Zenaida, 121. Dovekie, 13. Dowitcher, 85. Long-billed, 86. Dryobates, 158.

INDEX.

Dryobates arizone, 161. borealis, 160. nuttallii, 161. pubescens, 159.

pubescens gairdnerii, 159.

pubescens orececus, 160. scalaris bairdi, 160. scalaris lucasanus, 160. villosus, 158. villosus audubonii, 158. villosus harrisii, 159. villosus hyloscopus, 159. villosus leucomelas, 158.

Duck, American Scaup, 53. Black, 48. Florida, 48. Harlequin, 55. Labrador, 56. Lesser Scaup, 53. Masked, 60. Mottled, 49. Ring-necked, 53. Ruddy, 59. Rufous-crested, 52. Steller’s, 55. Wood, 52.

Dunilin, 89.

Dysporus, 41.

Dytes, 2.

EAGLE, Bald, 136. Golden, 135. Gray Sea, 136. Harpy, 135.

Ectopistes, 120. migratorius, 120.

Egret, American, 71. Peale’s, 328. Reddish, 72.

Eider, American, 57. King, 58. Northern, 57. Pacific, 57. Spectacled, 56.

Elanoides, 126. forficatus, 126.

Elanus, 126. leucurus, 126.

Embernagra, 245. rufivirgata, 245.

Empidonax, 187. cineritius, 187. difficilis, 187. flaviventris, 187. fulvifrons, 189. fulvifrons pygmzus, 189.

oat

Empidonax griseus, 189. hammondi, 189. minimus, 188. traillii, 188. traillii alnorum, 188. virescens, 188. wrightii, 189.

Eniconetta, 56. stelleri, 56.

Ereunetes, 9o. occidentalis, 91. pusillus, go.

Erionetta, 57.

Ergaticus, 287. ruber, 288.

Erismatura, 59. rubida, 59.

Euetheia, 253. bicolor, 253. canora, 253.

Eugenes, 173. fulgens, 173.

Euphonia, 254. elegantissima, 255.

Euphonia, Blue-headed, 255.

Eurynorhynchus, go. pygmeeus, 9o.

FALCO, 136. columbarius, 138.

columbarius suckleyi, 139.

dominicensis, 140. fusco-ceerulescens, 139. islandus, 136. mexicanus, 137.

peregrinus anatum, 138.

peregrinus pealei, 138. regulus, 139. richardsonii, 139. rusticolus, 137.

rusticolus gyrfalco, 137. rusticolus obsoletus, 137.

sparverius, 140.

sparverius deserticolus, 140. sparverius peninsularis, 140.

tinnunculus, I40. Falcon, Aplomado, 139.

Peale’s, 138.

Prairie, 137. Falcones, 126. Falconidz, 126, 329. Falconine, 136.

Finch, California Purple, 213.

Cassin’s Purple, 213.

Guadalupe House, 214.

House, 213.

INDEX.

Finch, Purple, 213.

St. Lucas House, 214. Flamingo, American, 66. Flicker, 166.

Gilded, 167.

Guadalupe, 167.

Northwestern, 167.

Red-shafted, 167. Florida, 73.

Flycatcher, Alder, 188. Arizona Crested, 183. Ash-throated, 183. Beardless, 190. Buff-breasted, 189. Coues’s, 186. Crested, 183. Derby, 182. Fork-tailed, 1709. Fulvous, 189. Giraud’s, 182. Gray, 189. Green-crested, 188. Hammond’s, 189. Lawrence’s, 184. Least, 188. Mexican Crested, 183. Nutting’s, 183. Olivaceous, 184. Olive-sided, 185. Ridgway’s, 190.

St. Lucas, 187.

Scissor-tailed, 180.

Sulphur-bellied, 182.

Traill’s, 188.

Vermilion, 190.

Western, 187.

Wright’s, 189.

Yellow-bellied, 187. Fratercula, 5.

arctica, 5.

arctica glacialis, 5.

corniculata, 6. Fraterculine, 5. Fregata, 46.

aquila, 46. Fregatidz, 46. Fringillidze, 211.

Fulica, 81. americana, 81. atra, 81. minor, 342.

Fulicine, 81.

Fuligula, 53.

Fulmar, 30.

Giant, 29.

Lesser, 30.

Pacific, 30.

Fulmar, Rodgers’s, 30. Slender-billed, 31. Fulmarus, 30, glacialis, 30. glacialis glupischa, 30. glacialis minor, 30. glacialis rodgersii, 30. glacialoides, 31.

GADWALL, 49. Galeoscoptes, 291. carolinensis, 291. Gallinz, 106. Gallinago, 85. delicata, 85. gallinago, 85. Gallinula, 81. galeata, 81. Gallinule, Florida, 81. Purple, 8o. Gallinulinz, 80. Gannet, 41. Garruline, 194. Garzetta, 72. Gastornis giganteus, 338. Gavia, 15. alba, 15. Gelochelidon, 22. nilotica, 22. Geococcyx, 153. californianus, 154. Geothlypis, 282, 283. agilis, 282. beldingi, 284. formosa, 282. macgillivrayi, 283. philadelphia, 283. trichas, 283. trichas ignota, 284. trichas occidentalis, 284. poliocephala ralphi, 284. Geotrygon, 123. martinica, 123. montana, 124. Glaucidium, 150. gnoma, 150. gnoma californicum, 151. hoskinsii, 151. phalzenoides, 151. Glaucionetta, 54. clangula americana, 54. islandica, 54. Glottis, 93. Gnatcatcher, Black-tailed, 315. Blue-gray, 315. Plumbeous, 315.

INDEX. 355

Gnatcatcher, Western, 315.

Godwit, Black-tailed, 92. Hudsonian, 92. Marbled, 91.

Pacific, 92.

Golden-eye, American, 54. Barrow’s, 54.

Goldfinch, American, 218. Arizona, 219. Arkansas, 218. Black-headed, 2109. Lawrence’s, 219. Mexican, 2109. Western, 218.

Goose, American White-fronted, 61. Barnacle, 63.

Blue, 61.

Cackling, 63. Canada, 62. Emperor, 64. Greater Snow, 60. Hutchins’s, 62. Lesser Snow, 60. Ross’s Snow, 61. White-cheeked, 62. White-fronted, 61.

Goshawk, American, 129. Mexican, 134. Western, 129.

Grackle, Boat-tailed, 211. Bronzed, 210. Florida, 210. Great-tailed, 210. Purple, 210.

Graculavus pumilus, 336. velox, 336.

Grassquit, 253.

Melodius, 253.

Grebe, American Eared, 2. Clark’s, 325. Holbeell’s, 1.

Horned, 2. Pied-billed, 3. St. Domingo, 2. Western, I.

Green-shank, 93.

Grosbeak, Black-headed, 251. Blue, 251.

Evening, 211.

Pine, 212. Rose-breasted, 251. Western Blue, 250. Western Evening, 211.

Grouse, Canada, III. Canadian Ruffed, 112. Columbian Sharp-tailed, 116. Dusky, 110.

356 INDEX.

Grouse, Franklin’s, 111. | Gyrfalcon, 137. Gray Ruffed, 112. Black, 137. Oregon Ruffed, 112. Gray, 137. Prairie Sharp-tailed, 117. White, 136. Richardson’s, II. Ruffed, 112. Sage, 117. HABIA, 250. Sharp-tailed, 116. ludoviciana, 250. Sooty, Ilo. melanocephala, 251. Grues, 75. Hematopodide, 104. Gruide, 75. Hzematopus, 104. Grus, 75. bachmani, 105. americana, 75. frazari, 105. canadensis, 7 5. ostralegus, 104. haydeni, 342. palliatus, 104. mexicana, 75. Haliplana, 26. proavus, 342. Halocyptena, 35. Guara, 67. microsoma, 35. alba, 67. Halizetus, 136. rubra, 67. albicilla, 136. Guillemot, Black, ro. leucocephalus, 136. Black-winged, 325. Harporhynchus, 292, 294. Mandt’s, fo. bendirei, 293. Pigeon, 11. cinereus, 294. Sooty, 326. cinereus mearnsi, 294. Guiraca, 251. crissalis, 295. ceerulea, 251. curvirostris, 293. ceerulea euryncha, 251. curvirostris palmeri, 293. Gull, American Herring, 19. lecontei, 294. Bonaparte’s, 21. longirostris sennetti, 293. California, 19. redivivus, 294. Franklin’s, 20. rufus, 293. Glaucous, 16. Hawk, American Rough-legged, 134. Glaucous-winged, 17. American Sparrow, 140. Great Black-backed, 18. Desert Sparrow, 140. Herring, 18. Broad-winged, 133. Heermann’s, 20. Cooper’s, 128. Iceland, 17. Cuban Sparrow, 140. Ivory, I5. Duck, 138. Kumlien’s, 17. Florida Red-shouldered, 131. Laughing, 2o. Harlan’s, 131. (Little; 217. Harris’s, 1209. Mew, 20. Krider’s, 130. Nelson’s, 17. Marsh, 128. Pallas’s, 89. Mexican Black, 133. Point Barrow, 16. Pigeon, 138. Ring-billed, 19. Red-bellied, 132. Ross’s, 21. Red-shouldered, 131. Sabine’s, 22. Red-tailed, 130. Short-billed, 20. Rough-legged, 134. Siberian, 18. Sennett’s White-tailed, 132. Slaty-backed, 18. Sharp-shinned, 128. Swallow-tailed, 326. Short-tailed, 133. Gull, Vega, 19. St. Lucas Sparrow, 140. Western, 18. Swainson’s, 132. Gypagus, 320. Zone-tailed, 132.

papa, 329. Heleodytes, 295.

Heleodytes brunneicapillus, 295. brunneicapillus affinis, 296. brunneicapillus bryanti, 295.

Helinaia, 269. swainsonii, 269.

Helminthophila, 269. bachmani, 270. celata, 272. celata lutescens, 272. celata sordida, 272. chrysoptera, 270. cincinnatiensis, 332. lawrencei, 331. leucobronchialis, 332. luciz, 270. peregrina, 272. pinus, 270. ruficapilla, 271. ruficapilla gutturalis, 271. virginiz, 271.

Helmitherus, 269. vermivorus, 269.

Helodromas, 93.

Hen, Attwater’s Prairie, 115. Heath, 115.

Lesser Prairie, 116. Prairie, 115.

Henhawk, Cooper’s, 329.

Herodias, 71.

Herodii, 69.

Herodiones, 66.

Heron, Black-crowned Night, 74.

European Blue, 71. Frazar’s Green, 73. Great Blue, 71. Great White, 71. Green, 73. Little Blue, 73. Louisiana, 72. Snowy, 72. Ward’s, 71. Wiirdemann’s, 327. Yellow-crowned Night, 74. Hesperiphona, 211. Hesperocichla, 320. nevia, 321. Hesperornis crassipes, 336. gracilis, 336. regalis, 336. Heteractitis, 95. incana, 95. Hierofalco, 136. Himantopus, 83. mexicanus, 84. Hirundinide, 256. Histrionicus, 55. histrionicus, 55.

\

INDEX.

Hummingbird, Allen’s, 176.

Anna’s, 175. Black-chinned, 174. Blue-throated, 174. Broad-billed, 178. Broad-tailed, 175. Buff-bellied, 177. Calliope, 176. Costa’s, 175. Floresi’s, 175. Lucifer, 177. Rieffer’s, 177. Rivoli, 173. Ruby-throated, 174. Rufous, 176. Violet-throated, 174. White-eared, 178. Xantus’s, 178. Hydranassa, 72. Hydrochelidon, 26. leucoptera, 27. nigra surinamensis, 26. Hylocichla, 316. Hylophilus, 331. decurtatus, 331.

Hylophilus, Short-winged, 331.

IACHE, 178. latirostris, 178.

Ibides, 66.

Ibididze, 67.

Ibis, Glossy, 68. Scarlet, 67. White, 67.

White-faced Glossy, 68.

Wood, 69.

Ichthyornis agilis, 336. anceps, 337- dispar, 337. lentus, 337. tener, 337. validus, 337. victor, 337.

Icteria, 284. virens, 285. virens longicauda, 285.

Icteridz, 202.

Icterus, 206. audubonii, 207. bullocki, 208. cucullatus, 207. cucullatus nelsoni, 208. galbula, 208. icterus, 207. parisorum, 207. spurius, 208.

Bey |

358

Ictinia, 127. mississippiensis, 127. Tonornis, 80. martinica, 80.

JABIRU, 60.

Jacana, 105. spinosa, I05.

Jacana, Mexican, 105.

Jacanidze, 105.

Jaeger, Parasitic, 14. Pomarine, 14. Long-tailed, 15.

Jay, Alaskan, 199. Arizona, 198. Belding’s, 197. Black-headed, 196. Blue, 194.

Blue-eared, 197. Blue-fronted, 195. California, 197. Canada, 198. Florida, 196. Florida Blue, 195. Green, 198. Labrador, 199. Long-crested, 195. Oregon, 199. Pifion, 202.

Rocky Mountain, 199. Santa Cruz, 197. Steller’s, 195. Woodhouse’s, 196. Xantus’s, 197.

Junco, 234. aikeni, 234. annectens, 235. bairdi, 237. caniceps, 236. phzonotus dorsalis, 236. pheonotus palliatus, 236. hyemalis, 234. hyemalis carolinensis, 235. hyemalis oregonus, 234. hyemalis pinosus, 235. hyemalis shufeldti, 235. hyemalis thurberi, 235. insularis, 237. ridgwayi, 2306. townsendi, 237.

Junco, Arizona, 236. Baird’s, 237.

Carolina, 235. Gray-headed, 236. Guadalupe, 237. Oregon, 234.

INDEX.

Junco, Pink-sided, 235. Point Pinos, 235. Red-backed, 236. Ridgway’s, 236. Slate-colored, 234. Shufeldt’s, 236. Thurber’s, 235. Townsend’s, 237. White-winged, 234.

KESTREL, I40.

Kaulldeer, roo.

Kingbird, 180. Arkansas, I81. Cassin’s, 181. Couch’s, 181.

Gray, 180.

Kingfisher, Belted, 156. Ringed, 157. Texan, 157.

Kinglet, Cuvier’s, 333. Dusky, 314. Golden-crowned, 313. Ruby-crowned, 314. Western Golden-crowned, 314.

Kite, Everglade, 127. Mississippi, 127. Swallow-tailed, 126. White-tailed, 126.

Kittiwake, 15.

Pacific, 16. Red-legged, 16. Knot, 86.

LAGOPUS, 113. lagopus, I13. lagopus alleni, 113. leucurus, I14. rupestris, I13. rupestris atkhensis, 114. rupestris nelsoni, 114. rupestris reinhardi, 114. welchi, 114. Laniidz, 261. Lanius, 261. borealis, 261. ludovicianus, 262. ludovicianus gambeli, 262. ludovicianus excubitorides, 262. Lanivireo, 297. Laopteryx priscus, 335. Laornis edvardsianus, 337. Lapwing, 98. Laridz, 15, 326. Larine, 15.

Lark, Desert Horned, 192. Dusky Horned, 193. Horned, 191.

Mexican Horned, 192. Pallid Horned, 192. Prairie Horned, 192. Ruddy Horned, 193. Scorched Horned, 193. Sonoran Horned, 193. Streaked Horned, 193. Texan Horned, 192.

Larus, 16. affinis, 18. argentatus, 18.

argentatus smithsonianus, 19.

atricilla, 20. barrovianus, 16. brachyrhynchus, 20. cachinnans, 19. californicus, 89. canus, 20. delawarensis, 19. franklinii, 20. glaucescens, 17. glaucus, 16. heermanni, 20. kumlieni, 17. leucopterus, 17. marinus, 18. minutus, 21. nelsoni, 17. occidentalis, 18. oregonus, 339. philadelphia, 21. robustus, 339. schistisagus, 18. vege, 19. Leptopelicanus, 46. Leptotila, 121.

fulviventris brachyptera, 122.

Leucosticte, 215. atrata, 216. australis, 216. griseonucha, 215. tephrocotis, 215. tephrocotis littoralis, 216. Leucosticte, Aleutian, 215. Black, 216. Brown-capped, 216. Gray-crowned, 215. Hepburn’s, 216. Limicole, 82. Limosa, 91. fedoa, 91. hzemastica, 92. lapponica baueri, 92. limosa, 92.

INDEX.

Limpkin, 76.

Linnet, Brewster’s, 330. Longipennes, 13.

Longspur, Chestnut-collared, 222.

Lapland, 221. McCown’s, 222. Smith’s, 221.

Loon, 3.

Black-throated, 4. Pacific, 4. Red-throated, 4. Yellow-billed, 4.

Lophodytes, 47.

cucullatus, 48.

Lophophanes, 306.

Lophortyx, Tog. Loxia, 214.

curvirostra minor, 214. curvirostra stricklandi, 215. leucoptera, 215.

Lunda, 5.

cirrhata, 5.

MACROCHIRES, 168. Macrorhamphus, 85.

griseus, 85. scolopaceus, 86.

Magpie, American, 194.

Yellow-billed, 194.

Mallard, 48. Man-o’-War Bird, 46. Mareca, 49.

Martin, Cuban, 257.

Purple, 257. Western, 257.

Meadowlark, 206.

Mexican, 206. Western, 206.

Megalestris, 13.

skua, 14.

Megaquiscalus, 210. Megascops, 145.

asio, 145.

asio aikeni, 147.

asio bendirei, 146. asio cineraceus, 146. asio floridanus, 145. asio kennicottii, 146. asio macfarlanei, 147. asio maxwelliz, 146. asio trichopsis, 145. flammeola, 147. flammeola idahoensis, 147.

Melanerpes, 164.

aurifrons, 166. carolinus, 166.

359

360

Melanerpes erythrocephalus, 164. formicivorus angustifrons, 165.

formicivorus bairdi, 165.

torquatus, 165.

uropygialis, 166. Melanitta, 58. Meleagrine, 117. Meleagris, 117.

altus, 344.

antiquus, 343.

celer, 344.

gallopavo, 118.

gallopavo ellioti, 118.

gallopavo mexicana, 118.

gallopavo osceola, 118. Melopelia, 122.

leucoptera, 122. Melospiza, 240.

cinerea, 243.

fasciata, 241.

fasciata clemente, 243.

fasciata fallax, 241.

fasciata graminea, 242.

fasciata guttata, 242.

fasciata heermanni, 241.

fasciata montana, 241.

fasciata rivularis, 242.

fasciata rufina, 242.

fasciata samuelis, 241.

georgiana, 244.

insignis, 243.

lincolni, 243.

lincolni striata, 243. Merganser, 47.

americanus, 47.

serrator, 47. Merganser, American, 47.

Hooded, 48.

Red-breasted, 47. Mergine, 47. Merlin, 139.

Black, 139.

Richardson’s, 139. Merula, 319.

confinis, 320.

migratoria, 320.

migratoria propinqua, 320. Methriopterus, 292. Micropalama, 86.

himantopus, 86. Micropallas, 151.

whitneyi, 151. Micropodide, 171. Micropodine, 172. Milvulus, 179.

forficatus, 180.

tyrannus, 179.

INDEX.

Mimine, 291. Mimus, 291. polyglottos, 292. Mniotilta, 268. varia, 268. Mniotiltide, 268, 331. Mockingbird, 292. Molothrus, 203. ater, 203. ater obscurus, 203. Motacilla, 288. alba, 289. ocularis, 289. Motacillidze, 288. Murre, 11. Briinnich’s, 12. California, I1. Pallas’s, 12. Murrelet, Ancient, 8. Craveri’s, Io. Kittlitz’s, 9. Marbled, 9. Xantus’s, 9. Myadestes, 316. townsendii, 316. Myadestine, 316. Mycteria, 69. americana, 69. Myiarchus, 182. cinerascens, 183. cinerascens nuttingi, 183. crinitus, 183. lawrenceii, 184. lawrenceii olivascens, 184. mexicanus, 183. mexicanus magister, 183. Myiozetetes, 182. texensis, 182. Myiodynastes, 182. luteiventris, 182.

NEOCORYS, 290. Netta, 52. rufina, 52. Nettion, 50. Nighthawk, 170. Florida, 171. Sennett’s, 330. Tiexan;) 171: Western, 170. Noddy, 27. Nomonyx, 60. dominicus, 60. Nucifraga, 201. columbianus, 201. Numenius, 97.

Numenius arquatus, 328. borealis, 97. hudsonicus, 97. longirostris, 97. pheopus, 98. tahitiensis, 98. Nutcracker, Clarke’s, 201. Nuthatch, Brown-headed, 305.

Florida White-breasted, 304.

Pygmy, 305. Red-breasted, 305. Slender-billed, 304. White-breasted, 304. White-naped, 305. Nuttallornis, 185. Nyctala, 144. acadica, 145. tengmalmi richardsoni, 144. Nyctanassa, 74. Nyctea, 149. nyctea, 149. Nycticorax, 74. nycticorax nzevius, 74. violaceus, 74. Nyctidromus, 170. albicollis merrilli, 170.

OCEANITES, 37- oceanicus, 37. Oceanitine, 37. Oceanodroma, 36. furcata, 36. homochroa, 37. hornbyi, 327. leucorhoa, 36. macrodactyla, 37. melania, 37. Ochthodromus, 102. Odontoglossz, 66. Oidemia, 58. americana, 58. deglandi, 59. fusca, 58. perspicillata, 59. Oid-squaw, 55. Olor, 65. buccinator, 65. columbianus, 65. cygnus, 65. Oporornis, 282. Oreortyx, 107. pictus, 107. pictus confinis, 108. pictus plumiferus, 107. Oriole, Arizona Hooded, 208. Audubon’s, 207.

INDEX.

Oriole, Baltimore, 208. Bullock’s, 208. Hooded, 207.

Orchard, 208. Scott’s, 207.

Ornithion, Igo. imberbe, 190. imberbe ridgwayi, Igo.

Oroscoptes, 291. montanus, 291.

Ortalis, 119. vetula maccali, 119.

Oscines, 238.

Osprey, American, 141.

Ossifraga, 29. gigantea, 29.

Otocoris, 191. alpestris, 191. alpestris adusta, 193. alpestris arenicola, 192. alpestris chrysolema, 192. alpestris giraudi, 192. alpestris leucolama, 192. alpestris merrilli, 193. alpestris pallida, 193. alpestris praticola, 192. alpestris rubea, 193. alpestris strigata, 193.

Oven-bird, 281.

Owl, American Barn, 142. Aiken’s Screech, 147. American Hawk, 149.

American Long-eared, 142.

Arctic Horned, 148. Barred, 143.

Burrowing, 150. California Pygmy, 151. California Screech, 146. Dusky Horned, 148. Dwarf Screech, 147.

Elf, 151.

Ferruginous Pygmy, 151.

Flammulated Screech, 147.

Florida Barred, 143. Florida Burrowing, 150. Florida Screech, 145. Great Gray, 144.

Great Horned, 148. Hawk, 149.

Hoskins’s Pygmy, 151. Kennicott’s Screech, 146. Lapp, 144.

MacFarlane’s Screech, 147.

Mexican Screech, 146.

Pygmy, 150. Richardson’s, 144.

Rocky Mountain Screech, 145.

362

Owl, Saw-whet, 145. Screech, 145. Short-eared, 142. Snowy, 149. Spotted, 143. Texas Screech, 145. Western Horned, 148.

Oxyechus, 100.

Oyster-catcher, 104. American, 104. Black, 105. Frazar’s, 105.

PALZOBORUS umbrosus, 344. Palzospiza bella, 345. Paleotetrix gilli, 343. Palzotringa littoralis, 337. vagans, 338. vetus, 338. Paludicole, 75. Pandion, 141. haliaétus carolinensis, 141. Pandionine, 141. Parabuteo, 129. unicinctus harrisi, 129. Parauque, Merrill’s, 170. Paridz, 304. Parine, 332. Paroquet, Carolina, 152. Parrot, Thick-billed, 330. Partridge, California, 109. Chestnut-bellied Scaled, 108. Gambel’s, 109. Massena, IIo. Mountain, 107. Plumed, 107. San Pedro, 108. Scaled, 108. Valley, 109. Parus, 300. atricapillus, 307. atricapillus occidentalis, 308. atricapillus septentrionalis, 308. atricristatus, 306. bicolor, 306. bicolor texensis, 306. carolinensis, 308. carolinensis agilis, 308. cinctus obtectus, 309. gambeli, 309. hudsonicus, 309. hudsonicus columbianus, 310. hudsonicus stoneyi, 309. inornatus, 306. inornatus Cineraceus, 307. inornatus griseus, 307.

INDEX.

Parus meridionalis, 309. rufescens, 310. rufescens neglectus, 310. wollweberi, 307.

Passerculus, 223.

Passerella, 244. iliaca, 244. iliaca megarhyncha, 245. iliaca schistacea, 245. iliaca unalaschensis, 244.

Passeres, 179.

Passerina, 251. amoena, 252. ciris, 252. cyanea, 252. versicolor, 252. versicolor pulchra, 252.

Pavoncella, 95. pugnax, 95.

Pediocetes, 116. lucasi, 343. nanus, 343. phasianellus, 116.

phasianellus campestris, 117. phasianellus columbianus, 116.

Pelagodroma, 38. marina, 38.

Pelecanide, 45.

Pelecanus, 45. californicus, 46. erythrorhynchos, 45. fuscus, 46.

Pelican, American White, 45. Brown, 46. California Brown, 46.

Pelidna, 89.

Pelionetta, 59.

Pendulinus, 207.

Penelopes, 118.

Penelopine, 118.

Perdicinz, 106.

Perisoreus, 198. canadensis, 198. canadensis capitalis, 199.

canadensis fumifrons, 199. canadensis nigricapillus, 199.

obscurus, 199. Perissoglossa, 273. Petrel, Ashy, 37.

Black, 37.

Black-capped, 34.

Bulwer’s, 35.

Fisher’s, 34.

Fork-tailed, 36.

Guadalupe, 37.

Hornby’s, 327.

Leach’s, 36.

Petrel, Least, 35. Pintado, 35. Scaled, 34. Stormy, 36. White-bellied, 38. White-faced, 38. Wilson’s, 37.

Petrochelidon, 257. fulva, 258. lunifrons, 257.

Peucza, 238. zstivalis, 238. zstivalis bachmanii, 239. arizone, 239. carpalis, 240. cassini, 239. mexicana, 239. ruficeps, 240. ruficeps boucardi, 240. ruficeps eremceca, 240.

Peucedramus, 274.

Pewee, Large-billed, 187. Western Wood, 186. Wood, 186.

Phaéthon, 39. zthereus, 39. flavirostris, 39.

Phaéthontide, 39.

Phainopepla, 261. nitens, 261.

Phalacrocoracide, 42, 327.

Phalacrocorax, 42. carbo, 42. dilophus, 42. dilophus albociliatus, 43. dilophus cincinatus, 43. dilophus floridanus, 42. idahensis, 340. macropus, 340. mexicanus, 43. pelagicus, 44.

pelagicus resplendens, 44.

pelagicus robustus, 44. penicillatus, 44. perspicillatus, 327. urile, 45.

Phalenoptilus, 169. nuttallii, 169.

nuttallii californicus, 169.

nuttallii nitidus, 169. Phalarope, Northern, 82.

Red, 82.

Wilson’s, 83. Phalaropodide, 82. Phalaropus, 82.

lobatus, 82.

tricolor, 83.

INDEX. 363

Phalerine, 6.

Phaleris, 8.

Phasiani, 106.

Phasianidz, 117.

Philacte, 64. canagica, 64.

Philohela, 84. minor, 84.

Pheebe, 184.

Black, 185. Say’s, 185.

Pheebetria, 29. fuliginosa, 29.

Pheenicopteridz, 66.

Pheenicopterus, 66. copel, 341. ruber, 66.

Phyllopseustes, 313. borealis, 313.

Pica, 194. nuttalli, 194. pica hudsonica, 194.

Pici, 157.

Picidze, 157.

Picoides, 161. americanus, 162. americanus alascensis, 162. americanus dorsalis, 162. arcticus, 162.

Picicorvus, 201.

Pigeon, Band-tailed, 119. Passenger, 120. Red-billed, 120. Viosca’s, 119. White-crowned, 120.

Pinicola, 212. enucleator, 212.

Pintail, 51.

Pipilo, 245. alberti, 248. chlorurus, 247. consobrinus, 247. erythrophthalmus, 246. erythrophthalmus alleni, 246. fuscus albigula, 248. fuscus crissalis, 248. fuscus mesoleucus, 247. fuscus senicula, 248. maculatus arcticus, 246. maculatus megalonyx, 246. maculatus oregonus, 247.

Pipit, American, 289. Meadow, 201. Red-throated, 290. Sprague’s, 290.

Piranga, 255. erythromelas, 255.

364

Piranga hepatica, 256. ludoviciana, 255. rubra, 256. rubra cooperi, 256. rubriceps, 255.

Pitangus, 181. derbianus, 182.

Plataleidz, 66.

Piatypsaris, 179. albiventris, 179.

Plautus, 12. impennis, 13.

Plectrophenax, 220. hyperboreus, 221. nivalis, 220. nivalis townsendi, 220.

Plegadis, 68. : autumnalis, 68. guarauna, 68.

Plover, American Golden, 99. Belted Piping, ror. Black-bellied, 99. Golden, 99.

Little Ring, Iot. Mongolian, 102. Mountain, 103.

Pacific Golden, roo. Piping, Iot. Ring, Io. Semipalmated, Snowy, 102. Wilson’s, 102.

Podasocys, 102.

Podiceps, 2.

Podicipedes, I.

Podicipidee, 1, 325.

Podilymbus, 3. podiceps, 3.

Polioptila, 314. ceerulea, 315. caerulea obscura, 315. californica, 315. plumbea, 315.

. Polioptilinz, 314.

Polyborus, 141. cheriway, 141. lutosus, 141.

Poocetes, 222. gramineus, 222. gramineus aflinis, 223. gramineus confinis, 223.

Poor-will, 169.

Dusky, 169. Frosted, 169.

Porzana, 78. carolina, 79. coturniculus, 80.

1

oo.

INDEX.

Porzana jamaicensis, 79. noveboracensis, 79. porzana, 78.

Priocella, 31.

Priofinus, 33.

Procellaria, 36. pelagica, 36.

Procellariidz, 29, 327.

Procellariine, 29.

Progne, 256. cryptoleuca, 257. subis, 257. subis hesperia, 257.

Protonotaria, 268. citrea, 268.

Psaltriparus, 311. lloydi, 312. minimus, 311. minimus californicus, 311. minimus grindz, 312. plumbeus, 312. santarite, 312.

Pseudogryphus, 124. californianus, 125.

Psittaci, 152.

Psittacidz, 152, 330.

Ptarmigan, Allen’s, 113. Nelson’s, 114. Reinhardt’s, 114. Rock, 113.

Turner’s, 114. Welch’s, 114. White-tailed, 114. Willow, 113.

Ptiliogonatinz, 261.

Ptychoramphus, 6. aleuticus, 7.

Puffin, 5.

Horned, 6. Large-billed, 5. Tufted, 5.

Puffinus, 31. auduboni, 32. borealis, 31. cinereus, 33. conradii, 340. creatopus, 32. gavia, 32. griseus, 33. kuhlii, 327. major, 31. puffinus, 32. stricklandi, 32. tenuirostris, 33.

Pygopodes, tf.

Pyrocephalus, 190. rubineus mexicanus, 190.

Pyrrhula, 212. cassini, 212. Pyrrhuloxia, 249. sinuata, 250. sinuata beckhami, 250. sinuata peninsulz, 250. Pyrrhuloxia, Arizona, 250. Saint Lucas, 250.

QuAIL-DovE, Blue-headed, 124. Key West, 123. Ruddy, 124. Querquedula, 50. Quiscalus, 209. macrourus, 210. major, 211. quiscula, 210. quiscula zeneus, 210. quiscula aglaeus, 210.

Raitt, Belding’s, 77. Black, 79. California Clapper, 77. Caribbean Clapper, 78. Clapper, 77. Farallone, 8o. Florida Clapper, 78. King, 76. Louisiana Clapper, 77. Virginia, 78. Yellow, 79.

Ralli, 76.

Rallidz, 76.

Ralline, 76.

Rallus, 76. beldingi, 77. elegans, 76. crepitans, 77. crepitans saturatus, 77. longirostris caribzeus, 78. obsoletus, 77. scottii, 78. virginianus, 78.

Raptores, 124.

Raven, American, 200. Northern, 200. White-necked, 200.

Ratite, 338.

Recurvirostra, 83. americana, 83.

Recurvirostride, 83.

Redhead, 52.

Redpoll, 217.

Greenland, 217.

INDEX. 36 5

Redpoll, Greater, 218. Hoary, 217. Holbeell’s, 217.

Redstart, American, 286. Painted, 287. Red-bellied, 287.

Red-tail, St. Lucas, 131. Western, 130.

Regulinz, 313.

Regulus, 313. calendula, 314. cuvieri, 333. obscurus, 314. satrapa, 313. satrapa olivaceus, 314.

Rhodostethia, 21. rosea, 21.

Rhynchodon, 138.

Rhynchofalco, 139.

Rhynchophanes, 222. mccownii, 222.

Rhynchopsitta, 330. pachyrhynca, 330.

Rissa, 15. brevirostris, 16. tridactyla, 15. tridactyla pollicaris, 16.

Road-runner, 154.

Robin, American, 320. St. Lucas, 320. Western, 320.

Rostrhamus, 127. sociabilis, 127.

Rough-leg, Ferruginous, 135.

Ruff, 95.

Rynchopide, 27.

Rynchops, 27. nigra, 27.

SALPINCTES, 296. guadeloupensis, 296. obsoletus, 296.

Sanderling, 91.

Sandpiper, Aleutian, 87. Baird’s, 88. Bartramian, 96. Buff-breasted, 96. Cooper’s, 328. Curlew, 90.

Green, 94.

Least, 89. Pectoral, 88. Pribilof, 87. Purple, $7. Red-backed, 89. Semipalmated, go.

366

Sandpiper, Sharp-tailed, 88. Solitary, 94. Spoonbill, go. Spotted, 97. Stilt, 86. Western, 91. Western Solitary, 94. White-rumped, 88.

Sapsucker, Red-breasted, 163.

Red-naped, 163. Williamson’s, 163. Yeliow-bellied, 163. Sarcorhamphi, 124. Saxicola, 321. cenanthe, 321. Sayornis, 184. nigricans, 185. pheebe, 184. saya, 185. Scardafella, 123. inca, 123. Scolecophagus, 209. affinis, 345. carolinus, 209. cyanocephalus, 209. Scolopacide, 84, 328. Scolopax, 84. rusticola, 84. Scoter, American, 58. Surf, 59. Velvet, 58. White-winged, 509. Scotiaptex, 144. cinerea, 144. cinerea lapponica, 144. Seed-eater, Sharpe’s, 253. Seiurus, 281. aurocapillus, 281. motacilla, 282. noveboracensis, 281.

noveboracensis notabilis, 281.

Selasphorus, 175. alleni, 176. floresil, 175. platycercus, 175. rufus, 176.

Setophaga, 286. miniata, 287. picta, 287. ruticilla, 286.

Shearwater, Audubon’s, 32. Black-tailed, 33. Black-vented, 32. Cinereous, 327. Cory’s, 31. Dark-bodied, 33. Greater, 31.

INDEX.

Shearwater, Manx, 32. Pink-footed, 32. Slender-billed, 33. Sooty, 32.

Shoveller, 51.

Shrike, California, 262. Loggerhead, 262. Northern, 261. White-rumped, 262.

Sialia, 322. arctica, 323. mexicana anabelz, 322. mexicana bairdi, 323. mexicana occidentalis, 322. sialis, 322. sialis azurea, 322.

Simorhynchus, 7. cristatellus, 7. pusillus, 8. pygmezus, 8.

Siskin, Pine, 220.

Sitta, 304. canadensis, 305. carolinensis, 304. carolinensis aculeata, 304. carolinensis atkinsi, 304. pusilla, 305. pygmza, 305. pygmza leuconucha, 305.

Sittinae, 304.

Skimmer, Black, 27.

Skua, 14.

Skylark, ror.

Snipe, European, $5. Wilson’s, 85.

Snowflake, 220.

McKay’s, 221. Pribilof, 220.

Solitaire, Townsend’s, 316.

Somateria, 57. dresseri, 57. mollissima borealis, 57. spectabilis, 58. v-nigra, 57.

Sora, 79.

Sparrow, Acadian Sharp-tailed, 228. Aleutian Song, 243. Arizona, 239. Bachman’s, 239. Baird’s, 226.

Belding’s Marsh, 225. Bell’s, 233.

Bischoff’s Song, 242. Black-chinned, 234. Black-throated, 237. Boucard’s, 240. Brewer's, 233.

Sparrow, Brown’s Song, 242. Bryant’s Marsh, 224. Cassin’s, 239. Chipping, 232. Clay-colored, 232. Desert Song, 241. Dusky Seaside, 229. Field, 233.

Forbush’s, 243.

Fox, 244.

Gambel’s, 231. Golden-crowned, 231. Grasshopper, 220.

Gray Sage, 235. Harris’s, 230. Heermann’s, 241. Henslow’s, 226. Intermediate, 230. Ipswich, 223. Large-billed, 225.

Lark, 229.

Leconte’s, 227. Lincoln’s, 243.

Mexican, 239. Mountain Song, 241. Nelson’s, 227.

Oregon Vesper, 223. Pine-woods, 238.

Rock, 240. Rufous-crowned, 240. Rufous-winged, 240. Rusty Song, 242.

Sage, 238.

St. Lucas, 225. Samueis’s Song, 241. San Clemente Song, 243. Sandwich, 224. Santa Barbara Song, Savanna, 224. Scott’s Seaside, 228. Seaside, 228. Sharp-tailed, 227. Slate-colored, 245. Song, 241.

Sooty Song, 242. Swamp, 244. Texas, 245.

Texas Seaside, 228. Thick-billed, 245. Townsend’s, 244. (ree 2ai

Vesper, 222. Western Chipping, 232. Western Field, 233. Western Grasshopper, 226. Western Henslow’s, 227. Western Lark, 229.

to a bo

INDEX.

Sparrow, Western Savanna, 224.

Western Tree, 232.

Western Vesper, 223.

White-crowned, 230.

White-throated, 231.

Worthen’s, 233. Spatula, 51.

clypeata, 51. Speotyto, 150. (

cuniculara floridana, 150.

cunicularia hypogzea, 150. Sphyrapicus, 163.

ruber, 163.

thyroideus, 163.

varius, 163.

varius nuchalis, 163. Spinus, 218.

lawrencei, 219.

notatus, 219.

pinus, 220.

psaltria, 218.

psaltria arizonz, 219.

psaltria mexicanus, 219.

tristis, 218.

tristis pallidus, 218. Spiza, 254.

americana, 254.

townsendi, 331. Spizella, 231.

atrigularis, 234.

breweri, 233.

monticola, 231.

monticola ochracea, 232.

pallida, 232.

pusilla, 233.

pusilla arenacea, 233.

socialis, 232.

socialis arizonz, 232.

wortheni, 233. Spoonbill, Roseate, 67. Sporophila, 253.

morelleti sharpei, 253. Squatarola, 99. Starling, 202. Starncenas, 124.

cyanocephala, 124. Steganopodes, 39. Steganopus, 83. Stelgidopteryx, 260.

serripennis, 260. Stellula, 176.

calliope, 176. Stercorariide, 13. Stercorarius, 14.

longicaudus, 15.

parasiticus, 14.

pomarinus, 14.

367

368

Sterna, 23, 24. aleutica, 25. anzthetus, 26. antillarum, 26. dougalli, 25. elegans, 23. forsteri, 24. fuliginosa, 26. hirundo, 24. maxima, 23. paradiszea, 25.

sandvicensis acuflavida, 24.

trudeaui, 24. tschegrava, 23. Sternine, 22. Sternula, 25. Stilt, Black-necked, 84. Stint, Long-toed, 89. Streptoceryle, 156. Striges, 142. Strigidz, 142. Strix, 42. pratincola, 142. Sturnella, 206. magna, 206.

magna mexicana, 206.

magna neglecta, 206. Sturnidz, 202. Sturnus, 202. vulgaris, 202. Sula, 39. bassana, 41. brewsteri, 40. cyanops, 40. gossi, 40. loxostyla, 340. piscator, 40. sula, 40. Sulidz, 30. Surnia, 140. ulula, 149. ulula caparoch, 149. Swallow, Bahaman, 259. Bank, 259. Barn, 258. Cliff, 257. Cuban Cliff, 258. Rough-winged, 260. Aas 2isr/e Violet-green, 259. Swan, Trumpeter, 65. Whistling, 65. Whooping, 65. Swift, Black, 171. Chimney, 172. Vaux’s, 172. White-throated, 173.

INDEX.

Sylvania, 285. canadensis, 286. microcephala, 333. mitrata, 285. pusilla, 285. pusilla pileolata, 286.

Sylviide, 313, 333.

Sylviine, 313.

Symphemia, 94. semipalmata, 94.

semipalmata inornata, 95.

Synthliboramphus, 8. antiquus, 8.

Syrnium, 143. nebulosum, 143. nebulosum alleni, 143. occidentale, 143.

TACHYCINETA, 258. bicolor, 258. thalassina, 259.

Tachytriorchis, 132.

Tanager, Cooper’s, 256. Gray’s, 255. , Hepatic, 256. Louisiana, 255. Scarlet, 255. Summer, 256.

Tanagride, 254.

Tantaline, 68.

Tantalus, 68. loculator, 69.

Tatler, Wandering, 95.

Teal, Blue-winged, 50. Cinnamon, 51. European, 50. Green-winged, 50.

Telmatodytes, 302.

Telmatornis affinis, 338. priscus, 338.

Tern, Aleutian, 25. Arctic, 25.

Black, 26. Bridled, 26. Cabot’s, 24. Caspian, 23. Common, 24. Elegant, 23. Forster’s, 24. GullL-billed, 22. Least, 26. Roseate, 25. Royal, 23. Sooty, 26. Trudeau’s, 24.

White-winged Black, 27.

Tetraonidez, 106. Tetraonine, IIo. Thalasseus, 23. Thalassogeron, 28. culminatus, 28. Thrasaétos, 135. harpyia, 135. Thrasher, Bendire’s, 293. Brown, 293. California, 294. Crissal, 295. Curve-billed, 293. Leconte’s, 294. Mearns’s, 294. Palmer’s, 293. Sage, 201. St. Lucas, 294. Sennett’s, 293.

Thrush, Audubon’s Hermit, 319.

Bicknell’s, 317. Dwarf Hermit, 318. Gray-cheeked, 317. Hermit, 3109. Olive-backed, 318. Red-winged, 319. Russet-backed, 318. Varied, 321. Willow, 317. Wilson’s, 317. Wood, 316. Thryomanes, 298. Thryothorus, 297. bewickii, 298. bewickii bairdi, 299. bewickii spilurus, 299. brevicaudus, 299. leucophrys, 299. ludovicianus, 298.

ludovicianus lomitensis, 298. ludovicianus miamensis, 298.

Tinnunculus, 140. Titmouse, Ashy, 307. Black-crested, 306. Bridled, 307. Gray, 307. Plain, 306. Texas Tufted, 306. Tufted, 306. Totanus, 92. flavipes, 93. melanoleucus, 93. nebularius, 93. ochropus, 94. solitarius, 94. solitarius cinnamomeus, 94. Towhee, 246. Abert’s, 248.

INDEX. 369

Towhee, Anthony’s, 248. Arctic, 246. California, 248. Cafion, 247. Green-tailed, 247. Guadalupe, 247. Oregon, 247.

Saint Lucas, 248. Spurred, 246. White-eyed, 246.

Tree-duck, Black-bellied, 64. Fulvous, 64.

Tringa, 86. acuminata, 88. alpina, 89. alpina pacifica, 89. bairdii, 88. canutus, 86. cooperi, 328. couesi, 87. damacensis, 89. ferruginea, go. fuscicollis, 88. maculata, 88. maritima, 87. minutilla, 89. ptilocnemis, 87.

Trochili, 173.

Trochilidz, 173.

Trochilus, 174. alexandri, 174. colubris, 174. violajugulum, 174.

Troglodytes, 300. aédon, 300. aédon aztecus, 300. aédon parkmanii, 300. alascensis, 301. hiemalis, 301. hiemalis pacificus, 301.

Troglodytide, 291.

Troglodytinz, 295.

Trogon, 156. ambiguus, 156. Coppery-tailed, 156.

Trogones, 156.

Trogonide, £56.

Troupial, 207.

Tryngites, 96. subruficollis, 96.

Tubinares, 28.

Turdide, 316.

Turdinz, 316.

Turdus, 316. aliciz, 317. aliciz bicknelli, 317. aonalaschke, 318.

ed

Turdus aonalaschke auduboni, 319.

aonalaschkee pallasi, 319. fuscescens, 317. fuscescens salicicolus, 317. iliacus, 319. mustelinus, 316. ustulatus, 318. ustulatus swainsoni, 318. Turkey, Florida Wild, 118. Mexican, 118. Rio Grande Wild, 118. Wild, 118. Turnstone, 103. Black, ro4. Tympanuchus, I15. americanus, II5. americanus attwateri, 115. cupido, I15. pallidicinctus, 116. Tyrannide, 179. Tyrannus, 180. dominicensis, 180. melancholicus couchii, 181. tyrannus, 180. verticalis, 181. vociferans, 181.

UINTORNIS lucaris, 345. Witas un. affinis, 339. antiqua, 339. lomvia, I2. lomvia arra, 12. troile,*11. troile californica, Ii. Urile, 44. Urinator, 3. adamsii, 4. arcticus, 4. imber, 3. lumme, 4. pacificus, 4. Urinatoride, 3. Urubitinga, 133. anthracina, 133.

VANELLUS, 98. vanellus, 98. Verdin, 313. Vireo, 272, 265. atricapillus, 265. bellii, 267. bellii pusillus, 267. calidris barbatulus, 263.

Vireo flavifrons, 264.

flavoviridis, 263. gilvus, 264.

hutttoni, 266.

huttoni obscurus, 266. huttoni stephensi, 266. noveboracensis, 266.

noveboracensis maynardi, 266.

olivaceus, 263. philadelphicus, 263. solitarius, 264.

solitarius alticola, 265. solitarius cassinii, 264. solitarius lucasanus, 265. solitarius plumbeus, 265. vicinior, 267.

Vireo, Anthony’s, 266.

Bell’s, 267. Black-capped, 265. Black-whiskered, 263. Blue-headed, 264. Cassin’s, 264.

Gray, 267.

Hutton’s, 266.

Key West, 266.

Least, 267.

Mountain Solitary, 265. Philadelphia, 263. Plumbeous, 265. Red-eyed, 263.

St. Lucas Solitary, ve Stephens’s, 266. Warbling, 264. White-eyed, 266. Yellow-green, 263. Yellow-throated, 264.

Vireonide, 262, 331. Vireosylva, 262. Vulture, Black, 125.

Burroughs’s Turkey, 329. California, 125.

King, 320.

Turkey, 125.

WAGTAIL, Siberian Yellow, 289.

Swinhoe’s, 289. White, 289.

Warbler, Audubon’s, 275.

Bachman’s, 270. Bay-breasted, 277.

Bell’s, 288.

Black and White, 268. Blackburnian, 277. Black-poll, 277. Black-throated Blue, 275. Black-throated Gray, 278.

Warbler, Black-throated Green, 279.

Blue Mountain, 333. Blue-winged, 270. Brasher’s, 288. Brewster’s, 332. Calaveras, 271. Canadian, 286. Cape May, 273. Carbonated, 332. Cerulean, 276. Chestnut-sided, 276. Cincinnati, 332. Connecticut, 282. Dusky, 272. Golden-cheeked, 278. Golden-winged, 270. Grace’s, 278. Hermit, 279. Hooded, 285.

Kennicott’s Willow, 313.

Kentucky, 282. Kirtland’s, 280. Lawrence’s, 331. Lucy’s, 270. Lutescent, 272. Macgillivray’s, 283. Magnolia, 276. Mangrove, 275. Mourning, 283. Myrtle, 275. Nashville, 271. Olive, 274. Orange-crowned, 272. Palm, 280.

Parula, 273. Pileolated, 286. Pine, 280.

Prairie, 281. Prothonotary, 268. Red, 288. Red-faced, 287. Sennett’s, 273. Small-headed, 333. Sonora Yellow, 274. Swainson’s, 269. Sycamore, 278. Tennessee, 272. Townsend's, 279. Virginia’s, 271. Wilson’s, 285. Worm-eating, 269. Yellow, 274. Yellow Palm, 280. Yellow-throated, 277.

Water-Thrush, 281.

Grinnell’s, 281. Louisiana, 282.

INDEX.

Waxwing, Bohemian, 260.

Cedar, 260.

Wheatear, 321. Whimbrel, 98. ' | Whip-poor-will, 168.

Stephens’s, 169.

Widgeon, 49. Willet, 94.

Western, 95.

Woodcock, American, 84.

European, 84.

Alpine Three-toed, 162.

American Three-toed, 162.

Arctic Three-toed, 162. Arizona, 161. Batchelder’s, 160. Cabanis’s, 159. Californian, 164. Downy, 159 Gairdner’s, 159. Gila, 166. Golden-fronted, 166. Hairy, 158.

Harris’s, 159. Ivory-billed, 158. Lewis’s, 164. Narrow-fronted, 164. Northern Hairy, 158. Nuttall’s, 161. Pileated, 164. Red-bellied, 165. Red-cockaded, 160. Red-headed, 164. Saint Lucas, 160. Southern Hairy, 158. Texan, 160. White-headed, 161. Williamson’s, 163.

Wren, Alaskan, jor.’

Baird’s, 299. Bewick’s, 298. Bryant’s Cactus, 295. Cactus, 295.

Cafion, 297.

Carolina, 29S.

Dotted Cafion, 295. Florida, 298. Guadalupe, 299. Guadalupe Rock, 296. House, 300.

Lomita, 298. Long-billed Marsh, 302. Marian’s Marsh, 303. Parkman’s, 300. Rock, 296.

St. Lucas Cactus, 296.

371

Woodpecker, Alaskan Three-toed, 162.

$77

Wren, San Clemente, 299. Short-billed Marsh, 301. Tulé, 302.

Vigors’s, 299. Western House, 300. Western Winter, 301. White-throated, 297. — Winter, 301.

Worthington’s Marsh, 302.

Wren-Tit, 310. i weallidy3nn.

XANTHOCEPHALUS, 204. xanthocephalus, 204. Xanthoura, 198. luxuosa, 198. Xema, 22. sabinii, 22. Xenopicus, 161. albolarvatus, 161.

INDEX.

YELLOW-LEGS, 93. Greater, 93 Yellow-throat, Belding’s, 284. Florida, 284. Maryland, 283. Rio Grande, 284. Western, 284. Yphantes, 208.

ZENAIDA, 121. zenaida, I21. Zenaidura, 121. macroura, I21. Zonotrichia, 230. albicollis, 231. coronata, 231. leucophrys, 230. leucophrys gambeli, 231. leucophrys intermedia, 230. querula, 230.

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