fUlJLSNi NviNOSHilws S3iavaan libraries Smithsonian institutic (ARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlflXIiSNl NVINOSHillAIS S3IHVa9 z _i 2 _l 2 (ARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOlIfUllSNI NVINOSHilWS SHiavaa t • ft. t f ERRATA A Check-list of West Indian Amphibians and Reptiles, by Albert Schwartz and Richard Thomas. Special Publication, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 1:1-216, 15 August 1975 p. 15 — Eleutherodactylus alticola: for 'V402 feet" read "7420 feet." 1 7 — Eleutherodactylus auriculatoides: change "6 km E El Rio" to "21 km E El Rio." 24 — Eleutherodactylus haitianus: Type-locality: change "La Vega Province" to "Santiago Province." 25 — Eleutherodactylus jamaicensis: MCZ 2512 consists of five Syn- types. 29 — Eleutherodactylus nubicola: for "5,000 feet" read "5,100 feet." 30 — Eleutherodactylus patriciae: for "partriciae" read ''patriciae." 42 — Eiyia heilprini: for "Pedro Santana" read "Pedro Sanchez." 42 — Hyla pulchrilineata: for "Pedro Santana" read "Pedro San- chez." 44 — Leptodactylus validus: Syntypes: add CAS 39437-39438. 50 — Ameiva aquilina: Syntypes: add CAS 39430-39432. 55 — Ameiva c. chrysolaema: for "Ameiva affinis" read "Cnemido- phorus affinis." 83 — Anolis asper: Syntypes: add CAS 39508-39510. 89 — Anolis lividus: Syntypes: add CAS 39422-39424. 89 — Anolis longitibialis: for "Isla Alto Velo" read "Isla Beata." 89 — Anolis luciae: Syntypes: add CAS 39425-39427. 106 — Anolis vincentii: Syntypes: add CAS 39433-39435. 1 1 1 — Cyclura carinata: change date of publication from 1 825 to 1 824. 133 — Leiocephalus melanochlorus: Syntypes: add CAS 39392. 135 — Leiocephalus arenarius: change date of publication from 191 1 to 1916. 136 — Leiocephalus punctatus: Type-locality: emend to read "north shore of the bay at Jamaica Wells, Acklin's Island, Bahama Is- lands." 1 38 — Leiocephalus schreibersi nesomorus: correct spelling of subspe- cies name. 1 39 — Leiocephalus stictigaster parasphex: correct citation to "Quart, j. Florida Acad. Sci. 27(3):212." 140 — Leiocephalus vinculum altavelensis: date of publication is 1933. 146 — Sphaeriodactylus elegans: correct spelling of generic name. 146 — Sphaeriodactylus punctatissimus: change date of publication from 1835 to 1836. 146 — Sphaerodactylus alopex: for ''449" read "499." 1 56 — Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus flavicauda: Syntypes: add CAS 39337. 191 — Tretanorhinus variabilis insulaepinorum: hlolotype: CM 311. '■! A CHECK- LIST OF WEST INDIAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES by ALBERT SCHWARTZ and RICHARD THOMAS CARNEGIE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SPECIAL PUBLICATION N0.1 1 A OHECK-LIST OF WEST INDIAN AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES By ALBERT SCHWARTZ n I Research Associate, Section of Amphibians and Reptiles and RICHARD THOMAS Carnegie Museum of Natural History Pittsburgh 1975 Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Special Publication No. 1 Published August 15, 1975 Edited by C. J. McCoy Cover design by Clifford J. Morrow, Jr. Addresses of authors: Albert Schwartz Miami-Dade Community College North Campus Miami, Florida 33167 Richard Thomas Museum of Zoology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 ©1975 by the Trustees of Carnegie Institute, all rights reserved. Carnegie Museum of Natural History 4400 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 3 PREFACE For systematic zoologists and curators of systematic collections publication of a check-list is a blessed event. Check-lists are among the indispensible tools of these specialists, and for them the long, arduous, and costly process of compiling systematic and distributional data needs no further justification. For others, I can do no better than to quote the late Karl P. Schmidt: ''The preparation of a conspectus of the animal and plant kingdoms, and of the segments of that conspectus, I regard as a noble pro- gram, worthy of lifetimes of devoted study. The usefulness of such syntheses is not confined within the limited field of system- atic studies; they form a foundation for all of the biological sciences, and are of interest to all literate mankind.'' This check-list of West Indian amphibians and reptiles is a particularly appropriate program for Carnegie Museum of Nat- ural History. One of the first large-scale expeditions of the mu- seum was to the Isla de Pinos, and the continuing interest of the museum and its staff in the biota of the Caribbean Region has been expressed as encouragement for this project. I especially thank Robert E. Porteous for advice and assistance on editorial matters, and Mrs. Anna R. Tauber for help with literature prob- lems. But a major share of credit for publication of this check- list goes to M. Graham Netting, Director Emeritus of Carnegie Museum of Natural History, who supported the idea from its initiation. March, 1975 C. J. McCoy CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 5 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND LIST OE ABBREVIATIONS 8 SALIENTIA 11 TESTUDINES 47 SAURIA 49 AMPHISBAENIA 166 SERPENTES 169 CROCODYLIA 202 MAPS 204 INDEX 214 5 INTRODUCTION Check-lists of regional faunas are presently out of fashion. With the current general lack of emphasis on the classical dis- ciplines of biology, including taxonomy, many modern zoologists have little interest in details of faunal distribution. But check- lists serve a dual purpose. They demonstrate current thought on the diversity of taxa in a particular region and offer zoogeogra- phers concise statements about the distribution of animals within a region. Only with such detailed data can zoogeographers make secure generalizations about the affinities and diversity of faunas. Unless taxonomic and distributional data are periodically compiled and published in a systematic format, they will remain scattered through the literature and irretrievably locked in the personal opinions of specialists and the data accompanying their collections. A second important justification for a check-list is the ephem- erality of biological events and conditions. Populations wax and wane with seeming irrationality, but with systematic recording of pertinent data, patterns may emerge. That a colony of lizard X occurred on a small cay in year A is a pertinent datum; in year D it may no longer be there, or it may share the cay with interloper lizard Y. Furthermore we are reminded, continually and with increas- ing force, of human influence on the biosphere and the resulting accelerated transience of species associations. In the West Indies the detrimental influence of man on the biota is pronounced. For this reason, we think it imperative to record as thoroughly as possible the present distribution of the amphibians and rep- tiles of the region. The processes of extinction are surprisingly little comprehended. To investigate them, an accurate record of the occurrence of species is a necessary starting point. This is one of the functions of a check-list. Another phenomenon of ex- treme interest is the invasion of islands and consequent inter- actions of newly arrived species with pre-existing faunal assem- blages. There are many instances in the Antilles of obviously recent interlopers (both ''natural'^ and human-engendered) whose ranges change markedly over short spans of time. The West Indian islands have been the subject of much recent research, after their herpetofaunas had become ''completely known'' during the early years of the present century. Compari- son of the list of species of Eleutherodactylus in Barbour and Ramsden (1919, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(2):102) where six species were reported from Cuba with Buide's list of 30 Cuban species (1967, Torreia, n.s. 1:7-8), illustrates the giant strides that have been made in our knowledge of the Antillean herpetofauna. The original herpetologies of the Greater Antillean islands were primarily the result of collections made in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when transportation on these large islands, espe- 6 cially in upland areas where the greatest abundance of species often exists, was difficult and hazardous. Such herpetologies in- clude that of Cuba by Barbour and Ramsden (op. cit.), Puerto Rico by Stejneger (1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. (1902):549-724), and Schmidt (1928, New York Acad. Sci., Scientific Surv. Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands 10(1):160 pp.), Jamaica by Lynn and Grant (1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica, Sci. Ser. 1:148 pp.) and Hispaniola by Cochran (1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177);398 pp.). There has never been published a comprehensive work on the herpetofauna of the Lesser Antillean islands. Check-lists of Antillean amphibians and reptiles are equally dated. Barbour (1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2): 209-359) presented a comprehensive survey of the Antillean herpetofauna, which was followed by three further check-lists of this same fauna. The last of Barbour's check-lists (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):77-166) was published in 1937. The number of new taxa proposed since 1937 is monumental, and anyone seriously inter- ested in the West Indian fauna must search the literature on a worldwide basis to ascertain the names of taxa and their dis- tributions among the islands. We have been engaged in collecting amphibians and reptiles in the West Indies since 1954, resulting in accumulation of over 70,000 specimens from 133 islands and islets that we have visited. Much of the distributional data from this material is unpublished, despite the detailed taxonomic treatments of many species and species-groups that have appeared since 1956. So many new taxa have been described during the intervening years that it is appropriate now to summarize our knowledge of the fauna, and to present the unpublished information on distribution. Any check-list is outdated between compilation and publica- tion, and this one is no exception. We are aware of papers in press or in manuscript that describe additional new West Indian taxa, or rearrange and comment upon the status of taxa included here. But to wait until the study of the herpetofauna of a region is ''complete" before attempting a synopsis is a vain hope. Useful information then remains essentially interred for an indefinite period. Therefore, the present list is a status report. We do not suggest that our arrangements of taxa are definitive, since they certainly will be modified as time passes. Wedefinethe West Indies (following Bond, 1956, Check-list of birds of the West Indies, Wickersham Printing Co., Lancaster, Penn.:iii) as comprising the Greater and Lesser Antilles (exclusive of Trinidad-Tobago, and the Dutch islands of Bonaire, Aruba, and Curasao), the Bahama Islands (including the Turks and Caicos islands), the Cayman Islands, the Swan Islands, and the Colom- bian islands of San Andres and Providencia. All these islands show a faunal community, in contrast to the peripheral islands whose faunas contain a strong continental element. We admit to 7 some arbitrariness in defining the West Indies. For example, Grenada at the southern end of the Lesser Antillean chain has a strongly (about 90 percent) South American herpetofauna and an Antillean component perhaps not much larger than some of the extra-Antillean islands. Grenada, however, is at the terminus of a gradual, irregular, southward decline in proportion of Antillean species through the Lesser Antilles. To include islands to the south of the Grenada Bank would necessitate treating a number of South American species having little relevance to the Antillean fauna. We have listed, with annotations, only the Recent herpetofauna of the West Indies. We have not included forms known only from fossils, or from sub-Recent remains. Nor have we included the few non-Antillean species for which the Antillean records are unverified and zoogeographically improbable. We have included some forms known from preserved specimens taken in the Antilles, but which have not been collected in many years. We have included introduced forms, and present for each a brief summary of the extra-Antillean range. For each taxon we present the following information: 1) current name; 2) original name, author,date, bibliographic citation, type-locality, museum number (see abbreviations) of the primary type-material if we have been able to locate it; 3) first use of the present combination, including author and citation; 4) synonyms (sensu stricto, not chresonyms as defined by Smith and Smith, 1972, Syst. Zool. 21(4):445) based on West Indian type- material, with author, date, citation, type-locality, and primary type-material; 5) distribution, including details of intraisland dis- tribution and altitudinal range where pertinent or known; 6) re- marks, including any questionable data, problems of relation- ships, or opinions of others on taxonomic status. We have not hesitated to clarify or modify older or carelessly recorded type-localities, but we have refrained from restricting type-localities. We have given restrictions that have appeared in print, since in most cases these restrictions have been made with adequate attention to history, itineraries of collectors, and the era of collection of the type-material involved. Despite the fact that such restrictions have no legal status, they reflect the opin- ions of specialists and are thus of value. Where single specimens have been selected as lectotypes from syntypic series, we have used these designations and cited the source. Also, we have changed all // patronyms to single /. The exact original ortho- graphy is, however, given in the synonymic citation of the name. It has long been our practice to emend patronyms to the single -/ ending, and we trust that the difference in -/ or -// terminations will not prevent readers from recognizing the basic identity of the name. 8 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND LIST OE ABBREVIATIONS Our indebtedness to many people who are interested in Antillean herpetogeography is great indeed. C. J. McCoy has acted as editor for this publication. To a large extent consistency in the accounts is the result of his efforts, and he has checked on correctness in many matters as well as supplied us with literature references. Errors of either commission or omission are ours, how- ever, and not his. Early in our intention to compile a check-list Philip A. Evers offered to comb the literature for museum num- bers of type-specimens, thereby relieving us of this task. In the United States we have enjoyed the cooperation of various museums that have Antillean material. We especially thank Ernest E. Williams and George R. Zug for their prompt replies to our many (and often bizarre) requests and queries. Ronald I. Crombie at the National Museum of Natural History also has been unfailingly helpful in all technical matters, and has read the accounts of Jamaican species. Overseas, Orlando H. Garrido of the Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, Institute de Zoologfa, has kept us informed of his own research and has checked for accuracy the Cuban portion of the manuscript. Juan A. Rivero and George Drewry have read the Puerto Rican sections and made valuable comments. In locating primary type-specimens in foreign collections we have had the complete cooperation of A. E. Stimson, British Museum (Natural History), F. W. Braestrup, Universitetets Zoologiske Museum in K^^benhavn, Gunther Peters, Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin, jean Guibe, Muse'^um National D'Histoire Naturelle, Robert Mertens, Natur-Museum und Forschungs- Institut Senckenberg, W. Ladiges, Zoologisches Museum of the Universitat Hamburg, and Josef Eiselt, Naturhistorisches Museum in Wien. In addition, Volker Mahnert in Geneve, M.S. Hoogmoed in Leiden, and Lothar Forcart in Basel have offered suggestions for locating type-specimens in European collections. In addition, we gratefully recognize the aid of Edmond V. Malnate and Hobart M. Smith in matters of literature, and George C. Gorman and James D. Lazell, Jr., for comments on anoline lizards and the Lesser Antillean herpetofauna in general. Richard E. Etheridge has aided us with problems involving iguanid lizards. Margaret M. Stewart has provided additional Jamaican locality records, and M. J. Fouquette assisted with the problem of the St. Lucia Hyla rubra. Richard Philiboslan made available a manuscript on the herpetology of the Virgin Islands. The entire final manuscript was read by Lewis D. Ober and Donald W. Buden, to whom we are grateful for comments and criticism. Douglas A. Rossman also read a number of the accounts, and made helpful suggestions. 9 Although we have used pertinent records from other collections and from the literature, the majority of the distributional data is based upon specimens collected by ourselves and parties since 1954, and now in the collections of the American Museum of Natural History and of the senior author (Albert Schwartz Field Series). Our work in Cuba and Hispaniola has been greatly aided by four grants from the National Science Foundation (G-3865, G-6252, G-7977, B-023603). But the very essence of the large quantity of material we have from the Antilles is the number of enthusiastic collectors — both friends and students — over the years. To list all of them here, as well as others who have con- tributed specimens for our use, is impossible, but to omit the names of some would be a slight to their competent activities. We acknowledge the assistance in the field of Patricia A. Adams, Robert K. Bobilin, Donald W. Buden, Danny C. Fowler, David C. Leber, Ronald F. Klinikowski, James W. Norton, Dennis R. Paulson, James A. Rodgers, jr.. Barton L. Smith, and William W. Sommer. For gifts of specimens over the years, we wish especial- ly to acknowledge C. Rhea Warren, W. Michael Carey, Lewis D. Ober, Louis W. Porras, James R. McCranie, and John C. Rindfleish. The task of reading proof has been facilitated by Michael H. Strahm, and the senior author is especially in his debt for this assistance. The following abbreviations for museum collections that house type-material of Antillean amphibians and reptiles have been employed. AMNH — American Museum of Natural History, New York ANSP — Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia BMNH — British Museum (Natural History), London BYU — Brigham Young University, Provo CAS-SU — Stanford University (in California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco) CM — Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh ChM — Charleston Museum, Charleston FMNH — Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago HZM — Universitat Hamburg, Zoologische Museum, Hamburg IZ — Institute de Zoologfa, Academia de Ciencias, La Habana KU — Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence LSUMZ — Museum of Zoology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge MB — Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel MCZ — Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge MFP — Museo Felipe Poey, La Habana MNHN — Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris NMV — Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien PU — Princeton University, Princeton 10 RNH — Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden SMF — Natur-Museum Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main SMNF1 — NaturFiistoriska Riksmuseet, StockFioIm UF/FSM — Florida State Museum, University of Florida, Gainesville UIMNF1 — University of Illinois Museum of Natural History, Urbana UMMZ — Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor USNM — National Museum of Natural History, Washington UZM — Universitetets Zoologiske Museum, K)zfbenhavn YPM — Yale Peabody Museum, Yale University, New Haven ZMB — Museum fur Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universitat, Berlin ZSM — Zoologisches Staatsammiung, Munchen 11 SALIENTIA BUFO CATAULACICEPS Schwartz Bufo cataulaciceps Schwartz, 1959, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 72:110. Type- locality: 7.9 mi. N Santa Fe, Habana Province, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: AMNH 61982. Distribution. Isla de Pinos and extreme western Cuba in Pinar del Rfo Province (Pinar del Rm, La Fe, Isabel Rubio). BUFO EMPUSUS Cope Peltaphryne empusa Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:344. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ANSP 2721. Bufo empusus: Stejneger, 1905, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 28:765. Bufo taladai jaumei Vogel, 1965 (nomen nudum), Monatssch. ornith. und vivarienkunde, Ausg. B, Aquarien und Terrarien 12(12):422. Type-locality: Near Nueva Gerona, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: MFP 953. See also Vogel, 1968, Monatssch. ornith. und vivarienkunde, Ausg. B, 15(3):88-89, for validation of name, and Vogel, 1968, Poeyana (89):1-4, for further description; also Moreno, 1969, Acad. Cien. Cuba, Mus. Felipe Poey, Ser. Biol. 13:3-19, for analysis of holotype and status of name. Distribution. Cuba and Isla de Pinos, islandwide at low elevations. BUFO FLUVIATICUS Schwartz Bufo fluviaticus Schwartz, 1972, J. Herpetol. 6(3-4) :226. Type-locality: 1.8 mi. (2.9 km) W Los Quemados, Santiago Rodrfguez Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 54074. Distribution. Northwestern Republica Dominicana, known from the type- locality and 2 km E Santiago Rodriguez (= Sabaneta), at elevations of about 500 feet. BUFO GUNDLACHI Ruibal Bufo qundlachi Ruibal, 1959, Breviora (105):2. Type-locality: About14 km NE Camaguey, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 30551. Distribution: Cuba; known from all provinces, but in Oriente apparently only in the extreme southwest (Manzanillo, Yara); Isla de Pinos. BUFO GUNTHERI Cochran Bufo guntheri Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177):8. Type-locality: Port- au-Prince, De^’partement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 59081. (1) Bufo guntheri guntheri Cochran Bufo guntheri guntheri: Schwartz, 1972, J. Herpetol. 6(3-4):218. Distribution. Hispaniola; in the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain from Momance, Haiti, in the west to Barahona, Republica Dominicana, in the east; also in the Elanos de Azua (Peravia Province) and Valle de San Juan northwest to Ba^’nica on the Dominico-Haitian border; northern Hispaniola from jean Rabel in extreme northwestern Haiti east through the Dominican Valle de Cibao to Ponton, Duarte Province; generally in low xeric regions, but also in mesic and slightly higher areas near La Vega and at Ponton. (2) Bufo guntheri fractus Schwartz, 1972, J. Herpetol. 6(3-4) :218. Type-locality; 0.7 mi. (1.1 km) W Higuey, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 189235. Distribution. Known from mesic regions in the vicinity of Higuey and La Enea, where very abundant. BUFO LEMUR Cope Peltaphryne lemur Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:311. Type- locality: Puerto Rico. Holotype: unlocated. Bufo lemur: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:570. Bufo turpis Barbour, 1917, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 30:102. Type-locality: Virgin Gorda, British Virgin Islands. Holotype: MCZ 4099. Distribution. Puerto Rico and Virgin Gorda; apparently now uncommon. BUFO LONGINASUS Stejneger Bufo longinasus Stejneger, 1905, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 28:765. Type-locality: El Guama, Pinar del Rfo Province, Cuba. Holotype: USNM 27419. (1) Bufo longinasus longinasus Stejneger Bufo longinasus longinasus: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):96. Distribution. Known from the type-locality and northwest of Pinar del Rm. (2) Bufo longinasus dunni Barbour Bufo dunni Barbour, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:192. Type- locality: Mina Carlota, near Cumanayagua, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 11076. Bufo longinasus dunni: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):96. Distribution. Known only from the uplands of the Sierra de Trinidad in Las Villas Province, where common. (3) Bufo longinasus ramsdeni Barbour Bufo ramsdeni Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :240. Type-local- ity: Los Hondones, Monte Lmano, Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 3213. Bufo longinasus ramsdeni: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):96. Distribution. Known from a very few specimens from the mountains north of Guanta’namo in eastern Cuba. BUFO MARINUS Linnaeus Rana marina Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1 :211. Type-locality: America; restricted by Muller and Hellmich, 1936, Wissensch. Ergebn. deutscben Gran Chaco-Exped.: Amphib. und Rept.:4, to Suriname. Holotype: unlocated. Bufo marinus: Schneider, 1799, Hist. Amph. nat. et lit. 1:219. Distribution. Central and South America. Successfully introduced in the West Indies, on Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Hispaniola, Barbados, Grenada, St. Vincent, St. Lucia, Martinique, Guadeloupe, St. Christopher, Nevis, Montserrat, and Antigua; apparently unsuccessfully introduced on Cuba (Buide, 1967, Torreia, n.s. (1):13). Altitudinal distribution in the Antilles from sea level to about 2000 feet (Valle de jarabacoa, Republica Dominicana), but much more abundant, often locally, at low elevations. 13 BUFO PELTOCEPHALUSTschudi Bufo peltocephalus Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr. :82. Type-locality: Cuba. Restricted to the vicinity of Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province, by Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:47. Holotype: MNHN 4989. (1) Bufo peltocephalus peltocephalus Tschudi Bufo peltacephalus peltacephalus: Schwartz, 1960. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- on 73:46. Distribution. Cuba: from Las Villas Province (vicinity of Cienfuegos) east throughout Oriente Province; Isla de Pinos; Archipielago de Sabana- Camaguey (Cayo Santa Marfa). (2) Bufo peltocephalus fustiger Schwartz Bufo peltacephalus fustiger Schwartz, 1960. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:47. Type-locality: San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMHN 59847. Distribution. Western Cuba; in Pinar del Rfo, Habana, and extreme north- western Matanzas provinces. REMARKS. The subspecific status of the Isla de Pinos populations is ques- tionable (Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:49-50). Intergrada- tion between B. p. peltocephalus and B. p. fustiger is unknown, and there is a possibility that these taxa are distinct species. The name peltocephalus is etymologically incorrect, and many authors have used the etymologically correct peltacephalus. A specimen of B. peltocephalus has recently been taken at Playa Larga, Cienaga de Zapata, but remains unassigned sub- specifically. BUFO TALADAI Schwartz Bufo taladai Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:51. Type-locality: 2 mi. S Taco Bay (Bahfa de Taco), Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63485. Distribution. Central and western Cuba, from Soledad and Cumanayagua, Las Villas Province, east to the type-locality. REMARKS. B. taladai hybridizes with 6. peltocephalus in Oriente Province (Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:54). CALYPTAHYLA CRUCIALIS Harlan. new connbination Hyla crucialis Harlan, 1826, Amer. J. Sci. and Arts 10:64. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: ANSP 2180. Trachycephalus llchenatus Gosse, 1851, Naturalist's Sojourn in jama/ca :362. Type-locality: The summit of Bluefields Mountain, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: unlocated. Trachycephalus anochloros Gosse, 1851, Naturalist's Sojourn in Jamaica:366. Type-locality: Western Jamaica, probably Hanover Parish (see Gosse, 1851:366). Holotype: unlocated. Distribution. Known from scattered, principally interior localities over much of Jamaica; one record from southern St. Catherine Parish (Hellshire Hills); not recorded from Trelawny, St. Ann, St. Mary, St. Andrew, or St. Thomas parishes. The only elevation record is 1600 feet (4 mi. W Ewarton, St. Catherine Parish). 14 REMARKS. Trueb and Tyler (1974, Occ. Papers Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas (24):41) used the combination Calyptahyla lichenata for this species. Crombie (1973, Bull. zool. Nomencl. 30(1):4-6) recommended use of the name Hyla crucialis. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ABBOTTI Cochran Eleutherodactylus abbotti Cochran, 1923, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 36:93. Type-locality: Laguna, Samana^'Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 65055. Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti, known from scattered localities on the Tiburon Peninsula from Dame-Marie in the extreme west to Morne de Cayette, Kenscoff-Furcy, Seguin, Fond Verrettes, Thiotte, and Foret des Pins in the east, in both the Massif de la Hotte and Massif de la Selle and in the lowlands (Dame-Marie; Aquin); extreme northern Haiti (Limbe'’; Citadelle Laferriere; Marmelade; Anse a Margot; Grande Riviere du Nord); widely distributed in the Republica Dominicana, but apparently absent in the xeric northwest (Monte Cristi Province) and most of the southeast, where found only along the southern shore of the Bahfa de Samana (Sabana de la Mar; Miches) and in the mountains northwest of San Cristobal; an isolated occurrence at the Rfo Cumayasa, La Romana Province; very abun- dant in all mountains except the Cordillera Oriental in the Republica Dominicana, even occurring in the Sierra Martm Garcia in Barahona and Azua provinces, but absent from the xeric Peninsula de Barahona. Alti- tudinal distribution from sea level at many localities to 5600 feet (Furcy, Montagne Noire) and to 6000 feet in the Cordillera Central north and south- east of Constanza; in the Sierra de Baoruco and Massif de la Selle in south- western Republica Dominicana from 600 feet (13.0 mi. N Pedernales) to 4800 feet (El Aguacate), ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ACMONIS Schwartz Eleutherodactylus acmonis Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):42. Type-locality; West slope, El Yunque de Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63426. Distribution. Cuba; known from the type-locality, Cupeyal, and west-south- west of Maffo in the Sierra Maestra, Oriente Province. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ALBJPES Barbour and Shreve Eleutherodactylus albipes Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9):383. Type-locality: Pico Turquino, 5400 feet to 6000 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 22045. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality in the Sierra Maestra. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ALCOAE Schwartz Eleutherodactylus alcoae Schwartz, 1971, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 43(2):26. Type- locality: 22 km NE Cabo Rojo, 1500 feet (458 meters), Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 45889. Distribution. Hispaniola; Republica Dominicana south of the Massif de la Selle-Sierra de Baoruco, from the Rm Pedernales east to 32 km SE Perdernales on the Penmsula de Barahona; an isolated occurrence at Los 15 Patos, Barahona Province; expected in extreme southeastern Haiti. Alti- tudinal distribution from sea level (Los Patos) to 2000 feet in the Sierra de Baoruco. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ALTICOLA Lynn Eleutherodactylus alticola Lynn, 1937, Herpetologica 1(3):89. Type-locality: Blue Mountain Peak, St. Thomas Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 102524. Distribution. Jamaica: high elevations of the Blue Mountains between Sir Johns Peak and the type-locality. Altitudinal distribution from 3450 feet (Sally River at Radnor Plantation) to 7420 feet (Blue Mountain Peak). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ANDREWSI Lynn Eleutherodactylus andrewsi Lynn, 1937, Herpetologica 1(3):88. Type-locality: Chester Vale, St. Andrew Parish, Jamaica, hlolotype: USNM 102515. Distribution. Jamaica: high elevaltions of the Blue Mountains in St. Andrew, Portland, and St. Thomas parishes. Altitudinal distribution from 2500 feet (north of Irish Town) to 4250 feet (Hardwar Gap). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ANTILLENSIS Reinhardt and Lutken Hylodes antillensis Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren. Kjifbenhavn 1862:209. Type-locality: "St. Thomas,” Virgin Islands. Syntypes: UZM R. 1182 (St. Croix), R. 1183-84 (St. John), R.1177, R.1196 (St. Thomas), R.1197 (Vieques). Eleutherodactylus antillensis: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:591. Distribution. The Puerto Rico Bank: widespread in Puerto Rico at low to intermediate elevations, rare or absent from upland forests; known from the islands of Vieques, Culebra,St. Thomas, St. John, Tortola, St. Croix, and Virgin Gorda. Altitudinal distribution, sea level (many localities) to 1500 feet (5.5 mi. NE Utuado), although specimens are known from Toro Negro (probably about 4000 feet). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS APOSTATES Schwartz Eleutherodactylus apostates Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):262. Type-locality: Ca. 2 km S Castillon, 3800 feet (1159 meters), Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: CM 54093. Distribution. Known only from the region of the type-locality. Altitudinal distribution between 3500 feet and 3900 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ARMSTRONGI Noble and Hassler Eleutherodactylus armstrongi Noble and Hassler, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652):2. Type-locality: 'El Propio Esfuerzo,’ coffee finca of Luis E. Del Monte, near Barahona, 1800 feet, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 44554. Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti, known from the Montagne Noire (Furcy; Obleon; Peneau) and the Massif de la Selle (3.8 - 5.4 mi. SW Seguin); in the Republica Dominicana, known from the Sierra de Baoruco in the Polo- Las Auyamas region, but also descending to within 1.9 mi. W Paraiso in riverine forest near the coast; in Haiti, primarily a denizen of pinewoods but absent from this habitat in the western Sierra de Baoruco (above Cabo 16 Rojo; Aceitillar) and present in deciduous woods and cafetales in the Polo region. Altitudinal distribution from 500 feet (west of Parafso) to 5600 feet (Furcy). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ATKINSI Dunn Eleutherodactylus atkinsi Dunn, 1925, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:165. Type-locality: Colonia Guabairo, near Cienfuegos, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 10587. (1) Eleutherodactylus atkinsi atkinsi Dunn Eleutherodactylus atkinsi atkinsi: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):103. Distribution. Throughout Cuba, except in the eastern uplands of Oriente Province between Moa and Imias; Isla de Pinos. (2) Eleutherodactylus atkinsi orientalis Barbour and Shreve Eleutherodactylus atkinsi orientalis Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9) :382. Type-locality: Upper Rfo Ovando, 1000 feet to 1200 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Eiolotype: MCZ 22158. Distribution. Extreme eastern Oriente Province, between Moa and the moun- tains north of Imias; most localities are coastal or nearly so (Bahia de Taco; Baracoa; mouth of Rio Yumurf), but the subspecies also occurs to moderate elevations at the type-locality and north of Imias (3000 feet to 4000 feet). REMARKS. Intergrades between the two subspecies are known from 22 km S Bueycito, San Vicente, and Cuabitas, Oriente Province; however, material from Santiago de Cuba and vicinity is fairly typical of E. a. atkinsi. E. atkinsi has been reported from Cayo Las Brujas in the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey off the northern Cuban coast. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS AUDANTI Cochran Eleutherodactylus audanti Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:164. Type-locality: Pic la Selle, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19704. (1) Eleutherodactylus audanti audanti Cochran Eleutherodactylus audanti audanti: Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(8): 380. Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti, the Massif de la Hotte (foothills of Pic Macaya; south of Castillon), the Montagne Noire and the Massif de la Selle (Furcy, Kenscoff, Morne Cabaio, Morne la Visite, Pic la Selle, Foret des Pins, Seguin, Bois Pin); in the Repdblica Dominicana known only from between Los Arroyos and El Aguacate in the Dominican portion of the Massif de la Selle. Altitudinal distribution from 3800 feet (south of Castillon) to 7200 feet (north of Los Arroyos). (2) Eleutherodactylus audanti melatrigonum Schwartz Eleutherodactylus audanti melatrigonum Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(8) :384. Type-locality: 7 km (4 mi.) N Constanza, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43206. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Cordillera Central north of Constanza and the Valle de Culata, La Vega Province. Altitudinal distribu- tion about 5000 feet. 17 (3) Eleutherodactylus audanti notidodes Schwartz Eleutherodactylus audanti notidodes Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(8):380. Type-locality: 20 km (11.7 mi.) SW Hondo Valle, 5950 feet, Independencia Province, Republica Dominicana. hlolotype: MCZ 43204. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Sierra de Neiba in Independencia and La Estrelleta provinces. Altitudinal distribution from about 4400 feet to 5950 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS AURICULATOIDES Noble Eleutherodactylus auriculatoides Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61);3. Type-locality: Near Constanza-Jarabacoa Trail, Paso Bajito, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. hlolotype: AMNH 11403. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana, from the type-locality in the north, 7 mi. W jayaco in the east, between Rancho Arriba and Piedra Blanca in the south, and 6 km E El Rio in the west. Altitudinal distribution 2600 feet (between Rancho Arriba and Piedra Blanca) to 6200 feet (20.4 km SE Constanza). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS AURICULATUS Cope tiyiodes auriculatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:152. Type-locality: Eastern Cuba, hlolotype: formerly in ANSP, now lost. Eleutherodactylus auriculatus: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:538. Eleutherodactylus sonans Dunn, 1925, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5:164. Type-locality: Soledad, Las Villas Province, Cuba, hlolotype: MCZ 10609. Distribution. Islandwide at low to moderate elevations on Cuba and Isla de Pinos. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BAKERI Cochran Eleutherodactylus bakeri Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6):369. Type-locality: Mt. la Hotte (=Pic Macaya), 5000 feet to 7800 feet, D^partement Sud, Haiti, hlolotype: MCZ 19837. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Massif de la Hotte in Haiti, known from the type-locality and the vicinity of Castillon. Altitudinal distribution 2500 feet to 7698 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BARLAGNEI Lynch Eleutherodactylus barlagnei Lynch, 1965, Breviora (220):2. Type-locality: Matouba, ca. 700 meters, the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe, hlolotype: MCZ 35334. Distribution. Known only from the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe at elevations of 600 to about 2100 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BARTONSMITHI Schwartz Eleutherodactylus bartonsmithi Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):10. Type-locality: Mouth of Rio Yumurf, east side, Oriente Province, Cuba, hlolotype: AMNH 63409. Distribution. Cuba; known from the type-locality and Cupeyal, Oriente Province. 18 ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BRESSLERAE Schwartz Eleutherodactylus bresslerae Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):45. Type-locality: Mouth of Rio Yumurf, east side, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63432. Distribution. Cuba; known from the type-locality and "La Patana, Baracoa" in extreme eastern Oriente Province. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BREVIROSTRIS Sh reve Eleutherodactylus brevirostris Shreve, 1936, Proc. New England Zool. Club 15:95. Type-locality: Northern and eastern foothills. Massif de la Hotte, 1000 feet to 4000 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Eiolotype: MCZ 21557. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Massif de la Hotte in Haiti, known from the type-locality and south of Castillon. Altitudinal distribution from 3500 feet to 7698 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS BRITTONI Schmidt Eleutherodactylus brittoni Schmidt, 1920, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 28:179. Type-locality: El Yunque, near the Eorester's Cabin, about 1300 feet altitude, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Eiolotype: AMNH 10318. Distribution. Puerto Rico; known from scattered interior and upland locali- ties from 5 mi. SE Mayaguez in the west to the El Yunque region in the east, and peripherally from the Cordillera Jaicoa (7 km S Mora) and the Sierra de Panduras (2 mi. SW Yabucoa). Altitudinal distribution from 800 feet (7 km S Mora) to 2100 feet (2 km NE Barranquitas). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CAVERNICOLA Lynn Eleutherodactylus cavernicola Lynn, 1954, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 44(12):400. Type-locality: Portland Cave, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Eiolotype: USNM 135239. Distribution. Jamaica; known from the type-locality and two caves near Jackson’s Bay, Clarendon Parish. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS COCHRANAE Grant Eleutherodactylus cochranae Grant, 1932, J. Dept. Agr. Puerto Rico 16(3):325. Type-locality: "St. John,” U.S. Virgin Islands; however, the syntypes all bear the datum "Hassel I., nr. St. Thomas.” Holotype: Chapman Grant Collection 5659; the only type material now known is MCZ 18603-21, regard- ed as syntypes by Barbour and Loveridge, 1946, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 96(2):105. Distribution. The Puerto Rico Bank: scattered, primarily peripheral locali- ties throughout Puerto Rico, inland to Utuado, Aibonito, the Sierra de Cayey (Jajome region) and the southwestern flank of El Yunque; also Isla Vieques, St. Thomas, Hassel I. and Bovoni Cay near St. Thomas, St. John, and Tortola. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (many localities) to 1100 feet (17.7 km NE Utuado). 19 ELEUTHERODACTYLUS COOKI Grant Eleutherodactylus cooki Grant, 1932, J. Dept. Agr. Puerto Rico 16(2):145. Type- locality: Sierra de Panduras, southeastern Puerto Rico. Holotype: UMMZ 73442. Distribution. Southeastern Puerto Rico in the Sierra de Panduras region, west to the San Lorenzo-Patillas road. Altitudinally, recorded from 800 feet (7.6 km WSW Yabucoa). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS COQUI Thomas Eleutherodactylus coqui Thomas, 1966, Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 28(4) :376. Type-locality: 11.8 km S Palmer, Area Recreo La Mina, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 43208. Distribution. Throughout Puerto Rico, although not common in the extreme- ly xeric southwest; introduced on St. Thomas and St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Is., and at Miami, Florida (Fairchild Gardens). Altitudinal distribution from sea level (various localities) to 3900 feet (10 km E La Pica, Reserva Forestal de Toro Negro). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS COUNOUSPEUS Schwartz Eleutherodactylus counouspeus Schwartz, 1964, Breviora (208) ;2. Type-locality: Grotte de Counou Bois, 1 mi. (1.6 km) SW Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 43199. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, known from the type-locality, Les Platons, and near Castillon (all at moderate elevations in the Massif de la Hotte) and the Monts Cartaches (Grotte la Foret). Alti- tudinal distribution from about 1000 feet to 2500 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CUBANUS Barbour Eleutherodactylus parvus Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9): 386. Preoccupied by Hylodes (=Eleutherodactylus) parvus Girard, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 6:423. Type-locality: Cueva del Aura, ca. 3500 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 21947. Eleutherodactylus cubanus Barbour, 1942, Copeia (3):179 (substitute name for Eleutherodactylus parvus Barbour and Shreve). Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CUNDALLI Dunn Eleutherodactylus cundalli Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:121. Type-locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 11126. (1) Eleutherodactylus cundalli cundalli Dunn Eleutherodactylus lynni Coin and Cooper, 1950, Occ. Papers Inst. Jamaica (4):4. Type-locality: Sweetwater, near Horse Guards Road, St. James Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 127976. Eleutherodactylus cundalli cundalli: Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):69. Distribution. Western Jamaica, east to the vicinity of Port Maria on the north coast; not recorded from St. Elizabeth Parish or from the southern parts of Manchester, Clarendon, and St. Catherine parishes. Altitudinal dis- 20 tribution from sea level (Negril; Ocho Rios) to 1800 feet (Lookout, St. Catherine Parish). (2) Eleutherodactylus cundalli glaucoreius Schwartz and Fowler Eleutherodactylus cundalli glaucoreius Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):73. Type-locality: 4.5 mi. (7.2 km) S Fair Prospect, Portland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 43320. Distribution. Eastern Jamaica in St. Andrew, Portland, and St. Thomas parishes, from sea level to at least 4250 feet (Hardwar Gap). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS CUNEATUS Cope E-lylodes cuneatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:152. Type- locality: Eastern Cuba. Syntypes: USNM 5202(2). Eleutherodactylus cuneatus: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :244, Distribution. Islandwide on Cuba; Isla de Pinos. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS DARLINGTON* Cochran Eleutherodactylus darlingtoni Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6):368. Type-locality: Near La Visite, Massif de la Selle, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19847. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Massif de la Selle in Haiti, known from the type-locality and the ridge of the La Selle on the road to Saltrou, presumably widely distributed in the Massif de la Selle; to be expected in the Republica Dominicana between Los Arroyos and El Aguacate. Altitudinal distribution from about 5000 feet to about 7000 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS DIMIDIATUS Cope Hylodes dimidiatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:151. Type- locality: Eastern Cuba. Elolotype: unlocated. Eleutherodactylus dimidiatus: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :244. (1) Eleutherodactylus dimidiatus dimidiatus Cope Eleutherodactylus dimidiatus dimidiatus: Schwartz, 1958, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1873):12. Distribution. Central and eastern Cuba, from Las Villas Province (Sierra de Trinidad) east to the tip of the island (Baracoa; mountains north of Imias); rarely encountered in lowlands and more abundant in mountainous forested areas (Sierra de Trinidad; Loma de Cunagua; Sierra de Cubitas; Sierra Maestra; Sierra de la Gran Piedra; Cuchillas de Toa; Sierra de Purial). (2) Eleutherodactylus dimidiatus amelasma Schwartz Eleutherodactylus dimidiatus amelasma Schwartz, 1958, Amer. Mus. Novitates {'l873):12.Tj/pe-locality: Entrance of a small cave just south of San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 59830. Distribution. Western Cuba in Pinar del Rio Province, from 19.5 km NW Pinar del Rio east to Soroa; apparently restricted to the Sierra de los Organos and the Sierra del Rosario. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS EILEENAE Dunn Eleutherodactylus eileenae Dunn, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:212. Type-locality: Mina Carlota, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 11128. 21 Eleutherodactylus gehrmanni Schwartz, 1958, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1873) :4. Type-locality: San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 59828. Distribution. Cuba, from Pinar del Rio Province east throughtout Camaguey Province (Sierra de Najasa); an isolated and questionable record from Pico Turquino, Oriente Province (UMMZ 80910). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS EMILIAE Dunn Eleutherodactylus emiliae Dunn, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:213. Type-locality: Mina Carlota, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 11129. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality in the Sierra de Trinidad. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ENEIDAE Rivero Eleutherodactylus eneidae Rivero, 1959, Breviora (103) :4. Type-locality: Dona Juana Forests, Villalba, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 30429. Distribution. Interior uplands of Puerto Rico, from 8.5 mi. N Sabana Grande in the west to the Bosque Experimental de Luquillo in the east. Alti- tudinal distribution from 1000 feet (2.2 mi. SW Sabana) to 3500-3800 feet (30 km N, 3.1 km E Ponce). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ETHERIDGEI Schwartz Eleutherodactylus etheridgei Schwartz, 1958, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1873):16. Type-locality: United States Naval Base, Guantanamo Bay, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: UMMZ 110180. Distribution. Cuba; known from the type-locality and Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS EUNASTER Schwartz Eleutherodactylus eunaster Schwartz, 1973, j. Herpetol. 7(3);250. Type-locality: Castillon, ca. 2500 feet (763 meters), Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 189254. Distribution. Hispaniola; Haiti, known from the region of the type-locality and 25 mi. N Les Cayes on the road between Les Cayes and jeremie. Altitudinal distribution from 2500 feet to 3800 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS FLAVESCENS Noble Eleutherodactylus flavescens Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61):2. Type- locality: Los Bracitos, Duarte Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 11402. Distribution. Hispaniola; eastern Repdblica Dominicana, from Sosua on the north coast south to Pico Diego de Ocampo and the Cordillera Septentrional, through eastern La Vega Province (9 km SW La Vega; 11.1 km W jayaco; 9.4 mi. SW Piedra Blanca), to southern San Cristobal Province (southeast of El Cacao; northwest of Cambita Garabitas), and eastward including the Peninsula de Samana and the extreme eastern end of the island (Punta Cana; Boca de Yuma). Altitudinal distribution from sea level at many locali- ties to 3000 feet (11.1 km W jayaco), but reported from Pico Diego de Ocampo (4122 feet) and about 3112 feet at the type-locality. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS FOWLER* Schwartz Eleutherodactylus fowled Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):255. Type-locality: 1.5 mi. (2.4 km) N Los Arroyos, 4300 feet, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 189255. Distribution. Hispaniola; known from the vicinity of Los Arroyos, and from 4.8 mi. SW Seguin, Dept, de I'Ouest, Haiti. Altitudinal distribution from 3450 feet to 4300 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS FURCYENSIS Shreve and Williams Eleutherodactylus furcyensis Shreve and Williams, 1963, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 129(5):329. Type-locality: Furcy, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 34307. Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti known from the Montagne Noire (type-locality Obleon), the Morne la Visite, Savane Mouton, and the Massif de la Selle (3.8 mi. 5.4 mi. SW Seguin) and in this range in the Republica Dominicana between Pedernales and El Aguacate, but apparently absent from northern slopes in the latter region. Altitudinal distribution from 2650 feet (30 km N Pedernales) to 5800 feet (5 km NE Los Arroyos), both in the Republica Dominicana. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS FUSCUS Lynn and Dent Eleutherodactylus fuscus Lynn and Dent, 1943, Copeia (4):235. Type-locality: Dolphin Head, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 115976. Distribution. Western Jamaica; known from restricted inland portions of Hanover, Westmoreland, St. James, and St. Elizabeth parishes. Altitudinal distribution from 400 feet (Medley) to 2250 feet (Mocho). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GLANDULIFER Cochran Eleutherodactylus glandulifer Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6) :367. Type-locality: North and east foothills of the Massif de la Hotte (=Pic Macaya), between 1000 feet and 4000 feet, De'partement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19851. Distribution. Hispaniola; Haiti, known from the vicinity of the type-locality and south of Castillon. Altitudinal distribution from 1000 feet to 4000 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GLANDULSFEROIDES Sh reve Eleutherodactylus glanduliferoides Shreve, 1936, Proc. New England Zool. Club 15:96. Type-locality: Near La Visite, Massif de la Selle, 5000 feet to 7000 feet, Departement de POuest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 21597. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GLAPHYCOMPUS Schwartz Eleutherodactylus glaphycompus Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):257. Type- locality: Castillon, ca. 2500 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: CM 54092. Distribution. Known only from the region of the type-locality. Altitudinal distribution from 2500 feet to 3900 feet. 23 ELEUTHERODACTYLUS COSSEI Dunn Eleutherodactylus gossei Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:121. Type- locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 11125. (1) Eleutherodactylus gossei gossei Dunn Eleutherodactylus gossei gossei: Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):91. Distribution. Widespread in Jamaica except for the western end of the island (most of Hanover and Westmoreland parishes), the south-central coastal region, and the eastern third of Portland Parish. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to over 5000 feet (Cinchona and Morce's Gap). (2) Eleutherodactylus gossei oligaulax Schwartz and Fowler Eleutherodactylus gossei oligaulax Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):95. Type-locality: 3.5 mi. (5.6 km) S Fair Prospect, Portland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 43321. Distribution. Extreme eastern Jamaica on northern slopes of the John Crow Mountains, in the valley between this range and the Blue Mountains, and onto northern slopes of the Blue Mountains (all in Portland Parish). Alti- tudinal distribtuion from sea level (Boston Bay) to 1000 feet (Durham). REMARKS. Schwartz and Eowler (op. cit.) regarded all coastal E. gossei from eastern Portland Parish (with the possible exception of a sample from 1.0 mi. E Boston Bay) as intergradient between E. g. gossei and E. g. o//gau/ax. Pure E. g. oligaulax occurs in the interior and its range is almost entirely surrounded by that of E. g. gossei. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GRABHAMI Dunn Eleutherodactylus grabhami Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:121. Type-locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 11127. Distribution. Widespread in western Jamaica, although not known from St. Elizabeth Parish; east of Trelawny and Manchester parishes known only from Mt. Diablo in eastern St. Ann Parish. Altitudinal distribution from 500 feet (Dolphin Head vicinity) to 2200 feet (Cambridge). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GREYI Dunn Eleutherodactylus greyi Dunn, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:213. Type- locality: Soledad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 11131. Distribution. Central Cuba; Las Villas Province (Sierra de Trinidad and the re- gion around San Jose del Lago) and Camaguey Province (Sierra de Cubitas). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GRYLLUS Schmidt Eleutherodactylus gryllus Schmidt, 1920, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 28:172. Type-locality: El Yunque, near the Eorester’s Cabin, about 1300 feet altitude, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: AMNH 10307. Distribution. Puerto Rico; known from a few, scattered, principally upland localities from Maricao in the west to the region of the type-locality in the east. Altitudinal distribution from about 1000 feet (ca. 2 mi. SW Sabana) to 3900 feet (10.3 km E La Pica). 24 ELEUTHERODACTYLUS GUNDLACHI Schmidt Eleutherodactylus plicatus Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :244. Pre- occupied by Hylodes plicatus Gunther, 1901, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Batr. :228 {=Eleutherodactylus rhodopis Cope). Type-locality: La Union, Monte Lfbano, Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 3056. Eleutherodactylus gundlachi Schmidt, 1920, Proc. Linnaean Soc. New York 33:3 (substitute name for E. plicatus Barbour). Distribution. Cuba; uplands of the Sierra Maestra (Pico Turquino), Sierra del Cobre, Sierra de la Gran Piedra, east to the mountains north of Imias, Oriente Province. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS HAITIANUS Barbour Eleutherodactylus intermedius Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177) :70. Preoccupied by Eleutherodactylus intermedius Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9):384. Type-locality: Loma Rucilla, Cordillera Central, 8000 feet to 10000 feet. La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 107566. Eleutherodactylus haitianus Barbour, 1942, Copeia (3):179 (substitute name for E. intermedius Cochran). Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana, from the type-locality and La Comparticion on the north to 6.5 mi. NW La Horma in the south, in La Vega, extreme northeastern San Juan, and extreme northwestern Peravia provinces. Altitudinal distribution from 5100 feet (18 km SE Constanza) to 8100 feet (La Nevera, 12 km SE Valle Nuevo; south slope, Loma Rucilla), but perhaps higher at the type-locality or on adjacent Pico Duarte. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS HEDRICKI Rivero Eleutherodactylus hedricki Rivero, 1963, Breviora (185) :2. Type-locality: El Verde, west flank of El Yunque, 1500 feet, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 36903. Distribution. Known from the Reserva Forestal de Toro Negro and the vicin- ity of the type-locality. Altitudinal distribution 1500 feet (El Verde) to 3800 feet (9.7 km ENE La Pica, Reserva Forestal de Toro Negro). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS HEMINOTA Shreve and Williams Eleutherodactylus bakeri heminota Shreve and Williams, 1963, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 129(5):325. Type-locality: Furcy, Departement de POuest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 31734. Eleutherodactylus heminota: Schwartz, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:167. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti (Les Cayes, Les Platons, Marfranc, Castillon, Paillant) east to the vicinity of the type- locality on the Montagne Noire and to 5.4 - 8.4 mi. SW Seguin on the Massif de la Selle; one record from the extreme eastern Sierra de Baoruco (24 km SW Barahona, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana). Altitudinal dis- tribution from sea level (Les Cayes) to 5600 feet (Furcy). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS HYPOSTENOR Schwartz Eleutherodactylus hypostenor Schwartz, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(^:498. Type-locality: 10.5 mi. S Cabral, 3500 feet, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43187. Distribution. Hispaniola; including the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti and the Sierra de Baoruco in the Republica Dominicana; in Haiti, known from the Mas- sif de la Hotte north of Les Cayes and Castillon; in the Republica Dominicana, from the Massif de la Selle (2.6 mi. S Los Arroyos and 7 km N Cabeza de Agua, Pedernales Province), and the eastern Sierra de Baoruco near the type-locality and Las Auyamas; a voice record from 25.5 km N Cabo Rojo, Pedernales Prov- ince. Altitudinal distribution from 2200 feet (7 km N Cabeza de Agua) to 3500 feet (type-locality). Records of this species are extremely scattered due to its burrowing habits. Presumably the species is more widely distributed, both geographically and altitudinally, than records indicate. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS INOPTATUS Barbour Leptodactylus inoptatus Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) ;252. Type- locality; Diquini, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 3087. Eleutherodactylus inoptatus: Schmidt, 1921, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 44(2):9. Distribution. Hispaniola; islandwide but unreported from large areas in Haiti and the Republica Dominicana; lie de la Tortue. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (many localities) to 5600 feet (Furcy). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS INTERMEDIUS Barbour and Shreve Eleutherodactylus intermedius Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9):384. Type-locality: Near Cueva del Aura, Pico Turquino, 1500 feet to 4000 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Eiolotype: MCZ 21965. Distribution. Cuba; known from Pico Turquino and the type-locality in the Sierra Maestra, the Sierra del Cobre, and the mountains north of Imias, all in Oriente Province. Altitudinal distribution from about 1500 feet to about 6000 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS JAMAICENSIS Barbour Eleutherodactylus jamaicensis Barbour, 1910, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 52(15):287. Type-locality: Mandeville, Manchester Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 2512. Distribution. Jamaica; widespread in interior localities. Altitudinal distribu- tion from 400 feet (Windsor) to 4250 feet (Hardwar Gap). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS JOHNSTONEI Barbour Eleutherodactylus johnstonei Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :249. Type-locality: St. George's, St. George Parish, Grenada. Holotype: MCZ 2759. Distribution. St. -Martin, Saba, St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, Nevis, Barbuda, Antigua, Montserrat, Martinique, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Barbados, Grenada; introduced on Jamaica. REMARKS. Both prior to and subsequent to the description of E. johnstonei, the name Eleutherodactylus martinicensis Tschudi has been applied to the populations of frogs now called E. johnstonei. Schwartz (1967, Stud. Eauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 24(91):18-20) discussed the nomen- clatorial history of this species. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS JUGANS Cochran Leptodactylus darlingtoni Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6);372. Type-locality: Near La Visite, Massif de la Selle, between 5000 feet and 7000 feet, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19852. Eleutherodactylus jugans Cochran, 1937, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 27(7):312. Substitute name for Leptodactylus (=Eleutherodactylus) darlingtoni Cochran (not E. darlingtoni Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6):368). Distribution. Hispaniola; known from the type-locality in the Massif de la Selle in Haiti and from the same range in the Republica Dominicana along the Dominico-Haitian border between Los Arroyos and 2 km S El Aguacate, Pedernales Province. Altitudinal distribution from 4100 feet to 7000 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS jUNORI Dunn Eleutherodactylus junori Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:120. Type- locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Eiolotype: MCZ 11124. Distribution. Jamaica; known only from three central localities: near Troy in southern Trelawny Parish, the type-locality, and near Kellits in Clarendon Parish. Calls possibly of this species have been heard at Mt. Diablo, St. Ann Parish. Altitudinal distribution from 2000 feet (near Troy) to 2750 feet at Spaldings. REMARKS. Schwartz and Fowler (1973, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):101) noted that specimens of this species, and hence locality records, might be lost in series of E. gossei; without knowledge of call and habitat the two are not readily distinguishable. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS KARLSCHMIDTI Grant Eleutherodactylus karlschmidti Grant, 1931, Copeia (1):55. Type-locality: Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: UMMZ 73426. Distribution. Puerto Rico; principally upland localities from Las Vegas near Maricao in the west to the region of the type-locality in the east, south to the area between San Lorenzo and Patillas. Altitudinal distribution 600 feet (between San Lorenzo and Patillas) to 2080 feet (Bosque de Guavate, 8 km SE Las Cruces), and probably higher. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS KLINIKOWSKII Schwartz Eleutherodactylus klinikowskii Schwartz, 1959, Herpetologica 15(2) :62. Type- locality: Mogote de Tumbadero, 1 km E Vinales, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63120. Distribution. Western Cuba, in the Sierra de los Organos and the Sierra del Rosario, between Guane and San Diego de los Banos. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LAMPROTES Schwartz Eleutherodactylus lamprotes Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):253. Type-locality: Ca. 2.5 km S Castillon, 3300 feet (1007 meters), Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: CM 54091. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LEBERI Schwartz Eleutherodactylus leberi Schwartz, 1965, Herpetologica 21(1):27. Type-locality: 14.6 mi. WSW Maffo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 71968. Distribution: Known only from the type-locality in the northern foothills of the Sierra Maestra. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LENTUS Cope Hylodes lentus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:151. Type- locality: St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 2770-71. Hylodes riisei Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren. K^benhavn 1862:211. Type-locality: St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: UZM R. 1175-76, R.1185-86, R.11100-103. Eleutherodactylus lentus: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 595. Distribution. The Virgin Islands; known from St. Thomas, St. John, and St. Croix. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LEONCEl Shreve and Williams Eleutherodactylus leoncei Shreve and Williams, 1963, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 129(5):335. Type-locality: Foret des Pins, near Pic La Selle, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: YPM 1167. Distribution. Hispaniola; known from the Massif de la Selle in Haiti (type- locality) and in the Republica Dominicana (between Los Arroyos and El Aguacate); one record from the Sierra de Baoruco (Las Abejas, 7 mi. NW Aceitillar) in the latter country. Altitudinal distribution from 4000 feet (Las Abejas) to 7600 feet (12 km NE Los Arroyos). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LOCUSTUS Schmidt Eleutherodactylus locustus Schmidt, 1920, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 28:174. Type-locality: El Yunque, near the forester's Cabin, about 1300 feet altitude, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico, h^olotype: AMNH 10240. Eleutherodactylus cramptoni Schmidt, 1920, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 28:176. Type-locality: Peak of El Yunque, 3485 feet altitude, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: AMNH 10305. Distribution. Known from widely scattered localities in eastern Puerto Rico, from the Area Recreo Dona juana east to the Reserva Forestal Carite (Bosque de Guavate) and the El Yunque region. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS LUTEOLUS Gosse Litoria luteola Gosse, 1851, Naturalist's sojourn in Jamaica: 366-367. Type- locality: Content, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Syntypes: BMNH 47.12.27.80. Eleutherodactylus lewisi Lynn and Dent, 1942, Herpetologica 2(4) :72. Type- locality: Dolphin Head, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 115435. Eleutherodactylus luteolus: Barbour, 1910, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 52(1 5): 286-87. Distribution. Known from numerous localities in western Jamaica (Hanover, Westmoreland, and St. James parishes), from near Troy, Manchester Parish, and questionably from near Ewarton, St. Catherine Parish. Altitudinal, dis- tribution from sea level (Old Hope and Negril Point, Westmoreland Parish) to 2250 feet (west of Mocho, St. James Parish). 28 ELEUTHERODACTYLUS MARTINICENSIS Tschudi Hylodes martinicensis Tschudi, 1838, Class. Batr.:77. Type-locality: Martinique (apparently in error). Schwartz, 1967, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 24(91);34-35, has shown that the provenance of the syntypes is probably Guadeloupe. Syntypes: MNHN 4881-83, 4883A-C. Eleutherodactylus martinicensis: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:584. Distribution. Antigua, Guadeloupe (and Met a Kahouanne and llet a Cochons), La Desirade, lies des Saintes (Terre-de-Bas, Terre-de-Haut, and Mare Basse), Dominica, and Martinique. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS MINUTUS Noble Eleutherodactylus minutus Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61):4. Type- locality: Near Paso Bajito, Jarabacoa-Constanza Trail, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. hlolotype: AMNH 11404. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana from Paso Bajito in the north, 7.0 mi. W jayaco in the east, 6.5 mi. NW La Horma in the south, ^nd Loma Rucilla in the west, in La Vega, Peravia, and extreme northeastern San Juan provinces. Altitudinal distribution from 2900 feet (7.0 mi. W jayaco) to 6100 feet (12.6 mi. SE Constanza). Loma Rucilla reaches a height of slightly over 10,000 feet and specimens from that mountain are labeled as having been collected between 4000 and 7000 feet, higher than more recent records. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS MONENSIS Meerwarth Hylodes monensis Meerwarch, 1901, Mitt, naturhist. Mus. Hamburg 18:39. Type- locality: Isla Mona. Holotype: Destroyed; formerly in HZM. Eleutherodactylus monensis: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:595. Distribution. Isla Mona. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS MONTANUS Schmidt Eleutherodactylus montanus Schmidt, 1919, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 41(12):519. Type-locality: Mountainous interior of Azua Province, Republica Dominicana; restricted by Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(4):478, to Alto Bandera, La Vega Province, Repdblica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 6434. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana, from Loma Rucilla and La Comparticion in the north, south to 6.5 mi. NW La Horma, in La Vega, San juan, and extreme northern Peravia provinces; extremely abundant at higher elevations between Constanza and La Nevera. Altitudinal distribution from 4500 feet (12 km SE Constanza) to 8000 feet (11 km SE Valle Nuevo); probably occurring at higher elevations at the restrict- ed type-locality. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS NEODREPTUS Schwartz Eleutherodactylus neodreptus Schwartz, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:165. Type-locality: 24 km SW Barahona, 3700 feet, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43207. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. 29 ELEUTHERODACTYLUS NUBICOLA Dunn Eleutherodactylus nubicola Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:116. Type- locality: Cinchona, 5000 feet elevation, St. Andrew Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 2846. Distribution. Jamaica; high elevations of the Blue Mountains in the conter- minous parts of Portland, St. Thomas, and St. Andrew parishes. Altitudinal distribution 3500 feet to 6200 feet (Blue Mountain Trail), but apparently absent from the extreme elevations of the range (above 6200 feet). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ORCUTTl Dunn Eleutherodactylus orcutti Dunn, 1928, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 74:1. Type-locality: Arntully, St. Thomas Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 73866. Eleutherodactylus cunctator Dunn, 1928, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 74:2. Type- locality: Arntully, St. Thomas Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 73865. Distribution. Eastern Jamaica; inland portions of Portland, St. Andrew, and St. Thomas parishes at elevations of 750 feet (south of Seaman’s Valley) to 4000 feet (Hardwar Gap). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS OXYRHYNCHUS Dumeril and Bibron Hylodes oxyrhyncus Dume'^ril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen. 8:622. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: MNHN 753. Eleutherodactylus oxyrhynchus: Guibe, 1948, Cat. Types Amphibiens Mus. Nat. Paris: 29. Eleutherodactylus femur-levis Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6):371. Type-locality: Desbarriere, north and east foothills. Massif de la Hotte, about 4000 feet altitude, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19836. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Massif de la Hotte (vicinity of Castillon; Desbarriere) and the Massif de la Selle (5.4 mi. SW Seguin) in Haiti. Altitudinal distribution from 2500 feet to 4000 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PANTONI Dunn Eleutherodactylus pantoni Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston. Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:119. Type-locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica (altitude 2900 feet). Holotype: MCZ 11123. (1) Eleutherodactylus pantoni pantoni Dunn Eleutherodactylus pantoni pantoni: Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):106. Distribution. Along the central axis of Jamaica from Beeston Spring and Darlis- ton, Westmoreland Parish, east through Manchester, Clarendon, St. Catherine, and St. Andrew parishes; specimens from Bath, St. Thomas Parish may pertain to this subspecies. Altitudinal distribution from sea level at Kingston (possibly in error) to 5400 feet (Portland Gap area). (2) Eleutherodactylus pantoni amiantus Schwartz and Fowler Eleutherodactylus pantoni amiantus Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):109. Type-locality: 0.4 mi. (0.6 km) NE Mt. Horeb, 800 feet (244 m), St. James Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 43360. Distribution. Western Jamaica in Hanover and northern Westmoreland parishes, and throughout St. James Parish; intergrades with E. p. pantoni in the southern half of Trelawny Parish and in extreme northern Clarendon and extreme southwestern St. Ann parishes. Altitudinal distribution 400 feet (NW Moreland Hill) to 1000 feet (1.3 mi. S Mt. Horeb). (3) Eleutherodactylus pantoni pentasyringos Schwartz and Fowler Eleutherodactylus pantoni pentasyringos Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fau Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142);114. Type-locality: 4.5 mi. (7.2 km) S Fair Prospect, Portland Parish, Jamaica. Eiolotype: MCZ 43333. Distribution. Known only from Portland Parish to the north of the Blue Mountains and John Crow Mountains, although the species certainly occurs throughout the John Crow Mountains. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Port Antonio) to about 1100 feet but likely occurs at higher elevations in the Blue Mountains. REMARKS. Schwartz and Fowler (1973, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):118) suggested that pentasyringos may be a distinct species. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PARABATES Schwartz Eleutherodactylus parabates Schwartz, 1964, Breviora (208) :9. Type-locality: 20 km SW Hondo Valle, 5950 feet (1800 meters), Independencia Province, Repdblica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43202. Distribution. Hispaniola; Republica Dominicana, known only from the Sierra de Neiba along the Dominico-Haitian border between Puesto Calimete and the type-locality. Altitudinal distribution from 5000 feet to 5950 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PATRrCIAE Schwartz Eleutherodactylus partriciae Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean J. Sci. 4(4):474. Type- locality: 9 km NNW Valle Nuevo, above 8000 feet, on the side of Alto Bandera, La Vega Province, Repfjblica Dominicana. hlolotype: MCZ 43192. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Repdblica Dominicana, from Loma Rucilla and La Comparticion in the north, and between Constanza and the La Vega-Peravia province boundary, the two areas of occurrence not known to be continuous. Probably widely distributed at appropriate elevations in the pine-clad uplands of the Cordillera Central in San Juan, La Vega, and Peravia provinces. Altitudinal distribution 7000 feet to 8200 feet, where often extremely abundant. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PAULSONI Schwartz Eleutherodactylus paulsoni Schwartz, 1964, Breviora (208) :5. Type-locality: 4.5 mi. (7.2 km) NW Les Cayes, Departementdu Sud, Haiti. Eiolotype: MCZ 43200. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from Dame-Marie in the west, east to Petionville in the north and 10.1 mi. N Jacmel in the south, occurring in both the lowlands and the Massif de la Hotte (Castillon, Les Platons) and the Morne THopital (Petionville). Altitudinal distribution from sea level (northwest of Les Cayes) to 2475 feet (Les Platons). 31 ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PEZOPETRUS Schwartz Eleutherodactylus pezopetrus Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):37. Type-locality: La Cantera, Miranda, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63469. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PICTISSJMUS Cochran Eleutherodactylus pictissimus Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6):371. Type-locality: Tardieu, Massif de la Hotte, about 3000 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19846. (1) Eleutherodactylus pictissimus pictissimus Cochran Eleutherodactylus pictissimus pictissimus: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):105. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from Jere'mie and Moron in the north and Les Platons and Les Cayes in the south, east (in the north) to Grand Go'^ve and Fauche and (in the south) to the southern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco (above Cabo Rojo); lle-a-Vache; intergrades be- tween E. p. pictissimus and E. p. apantheatus occur along the northern coast (and inland to Furcy) of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti between ^a Ira and Dufort on one hand and Petionville and Port-au-Prince on the other, and along the extreme southeastern edge of the Sierra de Baoruco near Enriquillo and Caleton, Republica Dominicana. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (many localities) to 3000 feet at the type-locality, and to 1700 feet in the Sierra de Baoruco (northeast of Cabo Rojo); intergradient specimens from Furcy at 5800 feet in the Montagne Noire. (2) Eleutherodactylus pictissimus apantheatus Schwartz Eleutherodactylus pictissimus apantheatus Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):102. Type-locality: 6.5 mi. NE Jimani, Independencia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43195. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Valle de Neiba from jimani east to the vicinity of Barahona, south along the eastern coast of the Peninsula de Barahona to Parafso, and northeast to Eondo Negro; presumably also in the Haitian Cul de Sac Plain. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (localities ties along the east coast of the Penmsula de Barahona) or below (in the Valle de Neiba at jimanf and Duverge) to 1800 feet near Barahona. (3) Eleutherodactylus pictissimus eremus Schwartz Eleutherodactylus pictissimus eremus Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Eauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):107. Type-locality: 9.7 mi. E Azua, Azua Province, Repdblica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43196. Distribution. Repdblica Dominicana in the xeric Llanos de Azua, Azua and Peravia provinces, from the type-locality east to south of Banc Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 700 feet in the Sierra de Ocoa. REMARKS. E. pictissimus is also known from 19 km SE Martm Garcia, Santiago Rodriguez Province, Repdblica Dominicana. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PJNARENSIS Dunn Eleutherodactylus pinarensis Dunn, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:213. Type-locality: Isla de Pinos; restricted by Schwartz, 1959, Herpetologica 15(2) :61, to Los Indios, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: MCZ 3814. Distribution. Cuba; from north-central Habana Province (Cueva de Rincon de Guanabo) to northwestern Matanzas Province (Pan de Matanzas); two isolated records from the extreme western Penmsula de Guanahacabibes (Valle de San juan; Cueva de Bolondron); Isla de Pinos. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PINCHONi Schwartz Eleutherodactylus pinchoni Schwartz, 1967, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 24(91 ):45. Type-locality; 3 km W Grand Cafe^, 600 feet elevation, Guadeloupe. Holotype; MCZ 43231. Distribution. The Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe at elevations between 600 and 2200 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PITUINUS Schwartz Eleutherodactylus pituinus Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean J. Sci. 4(4):497. Type- locality: 6 mi. W Constanza, 4250 feet. La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43194. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the vicinity of the type- locality and 6.5 mi. NW La Horma, Peravia Province. Altitudinal distribution from 4000 feet to 5400 feet, but apparently not continuously distributed in the Central uplands. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PLANIROSTRIS Cope Hylodes planirostris Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:153. Type- locality: New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: in the "Mus. Salem,"' unlocated. Lithodytes (^Eleutherodactylus) ricordii: Cope, 1875, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (1):31 (part). (1) Eleutherodactylus planirostris planirostris Cope Eleutherodactylus planirostris planirostris: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):100. Distribution. Cuba, widespread except in the Sierra de los Organos and the Sierra del Rosario in Pinar del Rio Province, and the western and southern slopes of the Sierra de Trinidad, Las Villas Province; Isla de Pinos; Bahama Islands, known from Grand Bahama I., Great Abaco I., Little Abaco I., South Bimini I., and presumably Eleuthera I. (see REMARKS); Cayman Islands (Grand Cayman and Cayman Brae); Caicos Islands (North Caicos); intro- duced in Elorida, including the Elorida Keys; introduced in Jamaica where islandwide; introduced at Veracruz, Mexico; possibly introduced on Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. (2) Eleutherodactylus planirostris casparii Dunn Eleutherodactylus casparii Dunn, 1926, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:215. Type-locality: Mina Carlota, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 11130. Eleutherodactylus planirostris casparii: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):100. Distribution. Cuba; western and southern slopes of the Sierra de Trinidad, Las Villas Province. (3) Eleutherodactylus planirostris goini Schwartz Eleutherodactylus ricordi goini Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and 33 Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):19. Type-locality: South base of Pan de Guajaibon, 3 km W and 13.5 km S Las Pozas, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63212. Eleutherodactylus planirostris goini: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):100. Distribution. Cuba; the Sierra de los Organos and Sierra del Rosario, Pinar del Rio Province. Intergradation between E. p. planirostris and E. p. goini is suggested by specimens from the Alturas de Pizarras. (4) Eleutherodactylus planirostris rogersi Coin Eleutherodactylus ricordi rogersi Coin, 1955, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1708):1. Type-locality: Darby Island, Exuma Cays, Bahama islands, latitude 23° 50' S., longitude 76° 11' W. Holotype: AMNH 57564. Eleutherodactylus planirostris rogersi: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):100. Distribution. Rahama Islands; Exuma Cays (Darby I., Bell I., Compass Cay, Staniel Cay, Great Exuma I., Little Exuma I.), Berry Islands (Great Harbour Cay), Andros I., Cat I., Long I., San Salvador I., and Green Cay. REMARKS. The subspecific status of the population of E. planirostris on Eleuthera Island remains unclear. Whether casparii should be regarded as a subspecies of E. planirostris is uncertain. The Sierra de Trinidad, except for the limited range ascribed to casparii, is inhabited by the nominate subspecies and syntopy is unknown. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS POOLEI Cochran Eleutherodactylus poolei Cochran, 1938, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 51:93. Type-locality: Citadel of King Christophe (=Citadelle Laferriere), Departement du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 73999. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PORTORICENSIS Schmidt Eleutherodactylus portoricensis Schmidt, 1927, Amer. Mus. Novitates (279) :2. Type-locality: El Yunque, 2000 feet, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: AMNH 10249. Distribution. Forested uplands of Puerto Rico, from the Reserva Forestal de Maricao in the west to the region of the type-locality in the east. Altitudinal distribution from 900 feet (2 mi. SW Sabana) to ca. 3900 feet (10.3 km E La Pica). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS PROBOLAEUS Schwartz, new combination Eleutherodactylus pictissimus probolaeus Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):110. Type-locality: 0.5 mi. NW Boca de Yuma, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43197. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality. REMARKS. Although described as a subspecies of E. pictissimus, E. probolaeus has a peculiarly circumscribed distribution remote from the nearest locality record for the former species. In addition, E. probolaeus is vocal whereas E. pictissimus is not and the two taxa differ in proportions. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RAMOSI R ivero Eleutherodactylus ramosi Rivero, 1959, Breviora (103) :2. Type-locality: Bosque Estatal de Cambalache, northern Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 30428. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. REMARKS. Some doubt exists that E. ramosi is a valid species; it is known only from the holotype. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RiCHMONDI Stejneger Eleutherodactylus richmondi Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:593. Type-locality: Catalina Plantation, about 890 feet altitude, eastern slope of El Yunque, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Eiolotype: AMNH 26884. Distribution. Puerto Rico; known from scattered principally interior localities over most of the island, from 11.7 km W Sabana Grande in the west to the El Yunque region in the east, in the northwest the Cordillera jaicoa and the MontarYas Guarionex; apparently absent from much of the northern and south- ern coastal plains. Altitudinal distribution from 800 feet (7.0 km S Mora) to 3500-3800 feet (30 km N, 3.1 km E Ponce). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RICORDI Dumeril and Bibron Hylodes ricordii Dumeril and Bibron, 1841, frp. Gen. 8:623. Type-locality: Cuba; restricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer. Amph. and Rept. :236, to Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 754. Eleutherodactylus ricordii: Barbour, 1910, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 23:100. Distribution. Cuba; southern Oriente Province, from west-southwest of Maffo in the Sierra Maestra to the upper Rm Ovando in the Cuchillas de Toa, at moderate to high elevations (Pico Turquino) in these ranges and the Sierra de la Gran Piedra. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RONALDI Schwartz Eleutherodactylus ronaldi Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):14. Type-locality: La Esperancita (=La Isabelica), 3500 feet. Gran Piedra, 1.9 mi. SE, thence 10 mi. NE Sevilla, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63401. Distribution. Cuba; extreme eastern Oriente Province, from Dos Caminos in the southwest to the Bahia de Taco in the northeast. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3500 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RUFIFEMORALIS Noble and Hassler Eleutherodactylus rufifemoralis Noble and Hassler, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652) :4. Type-locality: Above 'Salvation Station’ on property of Luis E. Dei Monte, 3000 feet, near Barahona, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 44556. Distribution. Hispaniola; the extreme eastern portion of the Sierra de Baoruco, Republica Dominicana; known only from the type-locality and 24 km SW Barahona. Altitudinal distribution 2400 feet to 3700 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS RUTHAE Noble Eleutherodactylus ruthae Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61) :6. Type- locality: Samana^, Samana^Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 11406. (1) Eleutherodactylus ruthae ruthae Noble Eleutherodactylus ruthae ruthae: Schwartz, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(6);484. Distribution. Hispaniola; eastern Republica Dominicana, including the Peninsula de Samana, the southern shore of the Bahia de Samana (Miches), south into La Altagracia Province (Otra Banda; Punta Cana; Boca de Yuma). Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 350 feet (Otra Banda). (2) Eleutherodactylus ruthae aporostegus Schwartz Eleutherodactylus ruthae aporostegus Schwartz, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(6) :487. Type-locality: Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype MCZ 43186. Distribution. Hispaniola; Haiti, known from the type-locality, Les Anglais, Les Platons in the west, 6.7 mi. SW Jacmel in the south, and 6 mi. W Petionville and Boutilliers Road on the Morne I’Hopital in the east. Alti- tudinal distribution between sea level (Les Anglais) and 2900 feet (Boutilliers). (3) Eleutherodactylus ruthae bothroboans Schwartz Eleutherodactylus ruthae bothroboans Schwartz, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(6):494. Type-locality: 12 km NE Jarabacoa, 2100 feet. La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43189. Distribution. Hispaniola; Republica Dominicana, known from the type- locality and just north of jarabacoa, on the northern slopes of the Cordillera Central. (4) Eleutherodactylus ruthae tychathrous Schwartz Eleutherodactylus ruthae tychathrous Schwartz, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(6):491. Type-locality: 7 km NW Vallejuelo, 2600 feet, San Juan Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43188. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. REMARKS. E. ruthae has also been heard calling in the vicinity of Sosda, Puerto Plata Province, Republica Dominicana, but remains uncollected in that region. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SCHMIDTI Noble Eleutherodactylus schmidti Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61):5. Type- locality: Along stream bed, Los Bracitos, Duarte Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 11405. (1) Eleutherodactylus schmidti schmidti Noble Eleutherodactylus schmidti schmidti: Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177) :54. Distribution. Hispaniola; Repdblica Dominicana, the Cordillera Septentrional between Pico Diego de Ocampo and the type-locality; in the Cordillera Central, from Moncion, Rio Bao, Los Limones, between La Vega and El Rio, 36 and to the south and east of the latter locality (but not in the Valle de Constanza), on the southeastern slopes (T5.7 km SW Piedra Blanca), Also known from the region along the Dominico-Haitian border between Loma de Cabrera and Villa Anacaona, presumably extending into the Massif du Nord in Haiti. Altitudinal distribution from about 300 feet (south of La Vega) to 4500 feet (east of Paso Bajito). (2) Eleutherodactylus schmidti limbensis Lynn Eleutherodactylus schmidti limbensis Lynn, 1958, Herpetologica 14(3) :155. Type-locality: On moist bank at the source of a small tributary of the Riviere du Limbe about 1.5 mi. S of the Limbe-Cap-HaTtien road where it skirts the Baie de PAcul and about 3 mi. SW (=SE?) Limbe, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Eiolotype: USNM 140166. Distribution. Northern Haiti, from the type-locality southeast to Marmelade and south to Dondon. Altitudinal distribution from near sea level (type- locality) to ca. 3400 feet (2:2 mi. E Carrefour Marmelade). (3) Eleutherodactylus schmidti rucillensis Cochran Eleutherodactylus schmidti rucillensis Cochran, 1939, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18:3. Type-locality: Loma Rucilla and mountains north, 4000 feet to 7000 feet, Republica Dominicana. Eiolotype: MCZ 23300. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Cordillera Central from Loma Rucilla in the north, south to the Valle de Constanza and southeast on the Constanza-San Jose de Ocoa road to 19 km SE Constanza; presumed to occur in these same mountains in adjacent San Juan Province. Altitudinal distribution from 4000 feet to at least 5800 feet (the type-locality may be even higher). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SCHWARTZI Thomas Eleutherodactylus schwartzi Thomas, 1966, Quart, j. Florida Acad. Sci. 28(4) :386. Type-locality: Rose Lodge, 750 feet elevation, Tortola, British Virgin Islands. Holotype: MCZ 43228. Distribution. Tortola, St. John (evidently extinct), and Virgin Gorda in the Virgin Islands. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SQAGRAPHUS Schwartz Eleutherodactylus sciagraphus Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):259. Type- locality: Ca. 2 km (airline) S Castillon, 3500 feet to 3900 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Eiolotype: USNM 189256. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SEMIPALMATUS Sh reve Eleutherodactylus semipalmatus Shreve, 1936, Proc. New England Zool. Club 15:94. Type-locality: Northern and eastern foothills. Massif de la Hotte, 1000 feet to 4000 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Eiolotype: MCZ 21561. Distribution. Known from the type-locality and the vicinity of Furcy-Peneau on the Montagne Noire above Petionville. Altitudinal distribution from 1000 feet to 5600 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SIERRAMAESTRAE Schmidt Eleutherodactylus sierra-maestrae Schmidt, 1920, Proc. Linnaean Soc. New York 33:3. Type-locality: Sierra Maestra range, Oriente Province, Cuba. 37 Hoiotype: AMNH 6450. Eleutherodactylus brevipalmatus Schmidt, 1920, Proc. Linnaean Soc. New York 33:4. Type-locality: Sierra Maestra range, Oriente Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: AMNH 6448. Distribution. Cuba; southern Oriente Province, from south of Bueycito in the Sierra Maestra in the west, throughout the Sierra de la Gran Piedra to Bahia de Taco and Cupeyal in the north. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3500 feet. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS SYMINGTONI Schwartz Eleutherodactylus symingtoni Schwartz, 1957, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 70:210. Type-locality: Cueva de Santo Toma's, 10 km N Cabezas, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: AMNH 60801. Distribution. Cuba; the Sierra de los Organos and Sierra del Rosario, Pinar del Rm Province. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS THOMASI Schwartz Eleutherodactylus thomasi Schwartz, 1959, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1926):3. Type-locality: 6.5 mi. NW Banao, Paso de la Trinchera, Sierra de Cubitas, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: AMNH 61054. (1) Eleutherodactylus thomasi thomasi Schwartz Eleutherodactylus thomasi thomasi Schwartz, 1959, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1926): 4. Distribution. Cuba; the Sierra de Cubitas and the Sierra de Najasa, Camaguey Province. (2) Eleutherodactylus thomasi trinidadensis Schwartz Eleutherodactylus thomasi trinidadensis Schwartz, 1959, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1926):11. Type-locality: Finca Morales, 8 mi. NW Trinidad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: AMNH 61013. Distribution. Cuba; southern coast of Las Villas Province, adjacent to and in the southern foothills of the Sierra de Trinidad, from Guajimico in the west to Trinidad in the east. Specimens from northeastern Las Villas Province (Yaguajay, Punta Caguanes, Cueva de Manan) are intermediate between thomasi and trinidadensis but much closer to the former. (3) Eleutherodactylus thomasi zayasi Schwartz Eleutherodactylus thomasi zayasi Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):28. Type-locality: Pan de Matanzas, 2.5 mi. S Corral Nuevo, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: AMNH 63164. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality ELEUTHERODACTYLUS TURQUINENSIS Barbour and Shreve Eleutherodactylus turquinensis Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9):380. Type-locality: Cueva del Aura, Pico Turquino, 1500 feet to 4000 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Hoiotype: MCZ 21975. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS UNICOLOR Stejneger Eleutherodactylus unicolor Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:597. Type-locality: Camp on El Yunque at 2978 feet altitude, Bosque Experimen- tal de Euquillo, Puerto Rico, hlolotype: USNM 26963. Distribution. Known only from the region of the type-locality. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS URICHI Boettger Hylodes urichi Boettger, 1894, j. Trinidad Eield Nat. Club 2:88. Type-locality: Trinidad. Holotype: SME 3818. Eleutherodactylus urichi: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :251. (1) Eleutherodactylus urichi euphronides Schwartz Eleutherodactylus urichi euphronides Schwartz, 1967, Stud. Eauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 29(91):6. Type-locality: Grand Etang, 1700 feet, St. Andrew Parish, Grenada. Holotype: MCZ 43229. Distribution. Grenada. (2) Eleutherodactylus urichi shrevei Schwartz Eleutherodactylus urichi shrevei Schwartz, 1967, Stud. Eauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 24(91) :13. Type-locality: Eowrt, 1000 feet, St. Andrew Parish, St. Vincent. Holotype: MCZ 43230. Distribution. St. Vincent. REMARKS. E. u. urichi, the only other subspecies, occurs on Trinidad and in Venezuela and the Guianas. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS VARIANS Gundlach and Peters Hylodes varians Gundlach and Peters, 1864, Monatsb. Akad. wiss. Berlin:390. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: ZMB 5108, MCZ 11621. (1) Eleutherodactylus varians varians Gundlach and Peters Eleutherodactylus varians: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):245. Eleutherodactylus varians varians: Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):5. Distribution. Central Cuba, from Eas Villas Province (Soledad) to Camaguey Province (Banao). To the west of this range, the species has been heard calling between Central Australia and the Bahia de Cochinos in the Cienaga de Zapata, but no specimens were secured. (2) Eleutherodactylus varians ionthus Schwartz Eleutherodactylus varians ionthus Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):6. Type-locality: 6 mi. E Ea Maya, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNEf 63414. Distribution. Cuba; southern Oriente Province, from Pico Turquino in the west to Baracoa and the upper Rio Ovando in the east. Altitudinal distribu- tion from sea level to about 4000 feet. (3) Eleutherodactylus varians olibrus Schwartz Eleutherodactylus auriculatus olibrus Schwartz, 1958, Herpetologica 14(2) :72. Type-locality: Cliffs above Cueva del Rio, San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 61155. 39 Eleutherodactylus varians olibrus: Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11);5. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality. (4) Eleutherodactylus varians staurometopon Schwartz Eleutherodactylus varians staurometopon Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11) :8. Type-locality: 2 km N, thence 12 km W Santa Fe^, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: AMNH 63243. Distribution. Isla de Pinos. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS VARLEYI Dunn Eleutherodactylus varleyi Dunn, 1925, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:163. Type-locality: Soledad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 10601. Eleutherodactylus phyzelus Schwartz, 1958, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1973) :7. Type- locality: 4.4 mi. NW San Vicente, on road between San Vicente and Puerto Esperanza, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 59832. Distribution. Islandwide on Cuba; Isla de Pinos. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS VENTRILINEATUS Shreve Leptodactylus ventrilineatus Shreve, 1936, Proc. New England Zool. Club. 15:98. Type-locality: Mt. La Hotte (=Pic Macaya), 5000 feet to summit, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 19857. Eleutherodactylus ventrilineatus: Cochran, 1941, Bull, U.S. Natl. Mus. (177) :35. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS WEINLANDI Barbour Eleutherodactylus weinlandi Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :246. Type-locality: Puerto Plata, Puerto Plata Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 2050. (1) Eleutherodactylus weinlandi weinlandi Barbour Eleutherodactylus weinlandi weinlandi: Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 22(86):115. Distribution. Hispaniola; northern Haiti (Anse a Margot), the Chaine de Mathieux and the Montagnes de Trou-d'Eau and their northern affiliates in southern Haiti and the adjacent Sierra de Neiba in the Republica Dominicana; central Repfjblica Dominicana from Valverde and northern La Estrelleta provinces (Cruce de Guayacanes and Rio Limpio) in the north, south along the northern and eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central in Santiago and La Vega provinces, central San Cristobal Province to within 17 kilometers of Santo Domingo. Altitudinal dis- tribution from sea level (many localities along the northern Haitian and Dominican littoral) to 2600 feet in the Cordillera Septentrional (north of Puesto Grande), 2000 feet in the Cordillera Central (west of jarabacoa) and 2600 feet in the Sierra de Neiba (west of Vallejuelo). (2) Eleutherodactylus weinlandi chersonesodes Schwartz Eleutherodactylus weinlandi chersonesodes Schwartz, 1965, Stud. Fa^na Curasao and Caribbean Is. 22(86) :115. Type-locality: 8 km W Samana, Samana Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43203. Distribution. Eastern Hispaniola, including the Peninsula de Samana and the eastern Republica Dominicana from northeastern San Cristobal Province southeastward to central La Altagracia Province; intergrades with E. w. weinlandi in Duarte, Maria Trinidad Sanchez, Sanchez Ramfrez, and La Vega provinces. REMARKS. E. weinlandi also occurs along the southern coast of the Republica Dominicana from Santo Domingo in the west to La Romana Province in the east. This population differs from both the nominate subspecies and chersonesodes. Additionally, E. weinlandi is known from two isolated stations: Thomonde, Dept, de I’Artibonite, Haiti, and Cap-HaVtien, Dept, du Nord, Haiti. The subspecific status of these populations remains in doubt. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS WETMOREI Cochran Eleutherodactylus wetmorei Cochran, 1932, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 45:191. Type-locality; Fond des Negres, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 72617. (1) Eleutherodactylus wetmorei wetmorei Cochran Eleutherodactylus wetmorei wetmorei: Schwartz, 1968, Breviora (290) :3. Distribution. Hispaniola; Haiti, the Tiburon Peninsula at moderate elevations associated with the Massif de la Hotte, from Camp Perrin and Les Platons in the west to the vicinity of Mirago^ne (Paillant) in the east. Altitudinal distribution from 730 feet to 3000 feet. (2) Eleutherodactylus wetmorei ceraemerus Schwartz Eleutherodactylus wetmorei ceraemerus Schwartz, 1968, Breviora (290) :5. Type-locality: Thiotte, Departement de POuest, Haiti. Eiolotype: MCZ 36101. Distribution. Hispaniola; northern and southern slopes of the Massif de la Selle and the Morne I'HSpital in extreme southeastern Haiti, and southeast of Los Arroyos, Republica Dominicana. Haitian localities include the type-locality, Marbial, Savane Zombi, Seguin, Colombier, La Mahot, Boutilliers Road, and La Boule. Altitudinal distribution from 600 feet to 4170 feet. (3) Eleutherodactylus wetmorei diplasius Schwartz Eleutherodactylus wetmorei williamsi Schwartz, 1968, Breviora (290):9. Type- locality; Marfranc, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 37757. Eleutherodactylus wetmorei diplasius Schwartz, 1973, J. Herpetol. 7(3):250 (substitute name for E. wetmorei williamsi, preoccupied by Eleutherodactylus williamsi Rivero, 1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 126(1): 71). Distribution. Northern slopes of the Massif de la Hotte and the Monts Cartaches near the tip of the Tiburon Peninsula, Haiti. Known from the type- locality, Perine, Carrefour Sanon, Moron, and Castillon. Altitudinal distribution from 130 feet to 2700 feet. REMARKS. E. wetmorei also occurs in the vicinity of La Montagne, southwest of Jacmel, Dept, de I'Ouest, Haiti, but the specimens are clearly not E. w. ceraemerus which is known from Marbial to the northeast of Jacmel. In addition, there is an unexpected population of E. wetmorei in the Chaine de Marmelade, Dept, de PArtibonite, Haiti, at elevations above 3000 feet. Both these popula- tions require additional study. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS WIGHTMANAE Schmidt Eleutherodactylus wightmanae Schmidt, 1920, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 28:181. Type-locality: El Yunque, near the Forester’s Cabin, about 1300 feet altitude, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: AMNH 10317. Distribution. Puerto Rico; known from scattered, interior, upland localities from the Maricao region in the west to the region of the type-locality in the east. Altitudinal distribution from 1000 feet (2.2 mi. SW Sabana) to 3900 feet (10.3 km E La Pica). ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ZEUS Schwartz Eleutherodactylus zeus Schwartz, 1958, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 71:38. Type- locality: 0.5 mi. S San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 60791. Distribution. The Sierra de los Organos, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. ELEUTHERODACTYLUS ZUGI Schwartz Eleutherodactylus zugi Schwartz, 1958. J. Washington Acad. Sci. 48(4):127. Type- locality: Soroa, Pinar del rTo Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 60938. (1) Eleutherodactylus zugi zugi Schwartz Eleutherodactylus zugi zugi: Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):35. Distribution. Sierra del Rosario, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. (2) Eleutherodactylus zugi erythroproctus Schwartz Eleutherodactylus zugi erythroproctus Schwartz, 1960, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (11):33. Type-locality: Pan de Matanzas, 2.5 mi. S Corral Nuevo, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 63263. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. GASTROPHRYNE CAROLINENSIS Holbrook Engystoma carolinensis Holbrook, 1836, North Amer. Herpetology 1:83. Type- locality: Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina. Syntypes: ANSP 14455-57. Gastrophryne carolinensis: Stejneger, 1910, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 23:166. Distribution. Southeastern North America, from Chesapeake Bay along the coast and piedmont to Key West, Florida, and westward to eastern Texas; in- troduced on Grand Bahama Island, Bahama Islands. HYLA CINEREA Schneider Calamita cinereus Schneider, 1799, Hist. Amph. 1:174. Type-locality: Carolina; re- stricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer. Amph. and Rept. :69, to Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina. Holotype: unlocated. Hyla cinerea: Carman, 1891, Bull. Illinois State Lab. Nat. Hist. 3:189. Distribution. Southeastern North America, in lowlands of the Atlantic and Gulf states from Virginia to Texas, and in the Mississippi Basin; introduced in north- western Puerto Rico. HYLA CRUCIFER Wied Hyla crucifer Wied, 1838, Reise Nord Amer. 1, pt. 5:275. Type-locality: Leavenworth, Leavenworth County, Kansas. Holotype: unlocated. Distribution. Eastern North America, from southern Canada west to Minnesota, south to eastern Texas and northern Florida; introduced in Cuba at Marianao, Habana Province, and near Canasf, Matanzas Province. r^EMARKS. Two subspecies, H. c. crucifer and H. c. bartramiana, are often recognized in North America, the latter occurring in southern Georgia and northern Florida. The few Cuban specimens have not been assigned to a sub- species, but it seems likely that they are H. c. crucifer. HYLA HEILPRINI Noble Hyla heilprini Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (61);1. Type-locality: Los Bracitos, Duarte Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 11401. Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti, known from the Massif de la Hotte (Camp Perrin; Les Platons; base of Pic Macaya), the Montagne Noire (Furcy), the Massif de la Selle (Seguin), near and at the coast on the Tiburon Peninsula (Jeremie; Place Negre; Miragb^ne), and in the Massif du Nord (Marmelade; Plaisance; Dondon); in the Republica Dominicana, widespread in the Cordillera Central including more arid slopes (north and west of Azua), the Cordillera Septentrional (La Cumbre; north of Puesto Grande; Los Bracitos), the Sierra de Neiba (south of Las Matas de Farfan; east of Hondo Valle), the Cordillera Oriental (Pedro Santana), and the Sierra de Yamasa (Esperalvillo). Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Je're^mie) to 5600 feet (Furcy) but most common at elevations between 2000 feet and 3500 feet. HYLA MARIANAE Dunn Hyla marianae Dunn, 1926, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 38:129. Type-locality: Spaldings, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 11122. Distribution. The central interior of Jamaica, St. James Parish to St. Catherine and St. Ann parishes. Altitudinal distribution 400 feet (Windsor, Trelawny Parish) to 2900 feet (Spaldings). HYLA PULCHRJLINEATA Cope Hyla pulchrilineata Cope, 1869, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 11:163. Type-locality: Eastern part of San Domingo island (=eastern Hispaniola). Holotype: ANSP 14495. Distribution. Hispaniola; apparently islandwide but restricted in distribution; in Haiti, known only from the distal Tiburon PeninsulaJMarfranc; Camp Perrin; vicinity of Les Cayes), Mariani, and, in the north, Limbe, Plaisance, and between Jonas and Dondon; in the Repdblica Dominicana, localized along the Dormnico- Haitian border (Villa Anacaona to Loma de Cabrera, and eastward to the Rio Artibonito near Rio Limpio) in the Cordillera Central and associated lowlands (Copey), Puerto Plata on the north coast, Penmsula de Samana and the southern side of the Bahia de Samana (Miches) south into the Cordillera Oriental (Pedro Santana) to Higuey, the Cordillera Septentrional (Puesto Grande) and northern slopes of the Cordillera Central (south of La Vega), the Valle de San Juan (south- west of San Juan). Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Les Cayes, Puerto Plata, Sa'nchez, CafTo Hondo, Miches) to 2100 feet (south of Loma de Cabrera; north of Puesto Grande). HYLA RUBRA Daudin Hyla rubra Daudin, 1802, Hist. Nat. Rainettes, Grenouilles, Crapauds:'\9. Type- locality: Suriname. Lectotype: RNH 15922B (selected by Fouquette, in press). 43 Distribution. St. Lucia; on the mainland, from Central America throughout much of tropical South America. REMARKS. Boulenger (1891, Proc. Zool. Soc. London (3):354) first reported Hyla rubra from St. Lucia. The taxonomic status of some of the nominal forms cur- rently synonymized with H. rubra is uncertain (see Cochran and Coin, 1970, U.S. Natl. Mus. Bull. (288):242, for an extensive synonymy.) The St. Lucia Hyla may not be conspecific with mainland H. rubra. HYLA SQUIRELLA Sonnini and Latreille Hyla squirella Sonnini and Latreille, 1802, Hist. Nat. Rept. 2:181. Type-locality: Carolina; restricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer. Amph. and Rept.:72, to Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina. Holo- type: unlocated. Distribution. North America, lower coastal plain from southern Virginia to Texas and the Mississippi Basin; introduced on Grand Bahama I., Bahama Is. HYLA VASTA Cope Hyla vasta Cope, 1871, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 23:219. Type-locality: Near the city of Santo Domingo, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: ANSP 2097. Distribution. Hispaniola; widespread in Haiti, south of the Cul de Sac Plain where recorded from the Massif de la Hotte (Camp Perrin; Castillon) and from the Montagne Noire (Kenscoff; Furcy; Peneau), also south of the Massif de la Selle (La Vallee), but recorded only from Dondon in northern Haiti; in the Re- publica Dominicana, known from the Massif de la Selle (19 km N Pedernales) and the eastern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco (4.8 mi. W Paraiso); elsewhere occurring in the Cordillera Central, the Cordillera Septentrional, and the Sierra de Yamasa, also from lowland and sea level localities (Rio San Juan on the Peninsula de Samana; Liali; Higuey). Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 5600 feet (Furcy), but most abundant along streams between elevations of 1000 feet and 3500 feet. HYLA WiLDERI Dunn Hyla wilder! Dunn, 1925, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:161. Type-locality: Moneague, St. Ann Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 10500. Hyla shrevei Taylor, 195^ Breviora (1):1. Type-locality: La Loma, Chiriquicito, Repfjblica de Panama (presumably in error). Holotype: MCZ 26769. Distribution. Jamaica; widely distributed with localities concentrated in the western central part of the island, not recorded from the southern coastal region and sparsely recorded east of Ewarton (St. Catherine Parish), although the easternmost record is at Seaman's Valley in eastern Portland Parish. Alti- tudinal distribution from 400 feet (Windsor, Trelawny Parish) to 2900 feet (Spaldings, Clarendon Parish). LEPTODACTYLUS ALBILABRSS Gunther Cystignathus albilabris Gunther, 1859, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3(4):217. Type-locality: St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: BMNH 59.10.1. 5-.6, BMNH 60.4.18.61-.68. Leptodactylus albilabris: Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Salient. British Mus. :245. Distribution. The Puerto Rico Bank; virtually ubiquitous in Puerto Rico, known from Cayo Santiago and Cayo Icacos (off Puerto Rico), Isla Vieques, Isla Culebra, St. Thomas, St. John, St. Croix, jost Van Dyke, Tortola, Anegada. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (many localities) to 3400 feet (10.5 km SSE Villa Perez, Reserva Forestal de Monte Guilarte). LEPTODACTYLUS DOMINICENSIS Cochran Leptodactylus dominicensis Cochran, 1923, j. Washington Acad. Sci. 13(9);184. Type-locality: Las Camtas, El Seibo Province, Rep^blica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 65670. Distribution. Hispaniola; in the Republica Dominicana along the southern shore of the Bahia de Samana from the Rio Yabon (1.1 mi. W Sabana de la Mar) in the west to Miches in the east, where very abundant; an isolated record (tadpole) from the Peninsula de Samana, where the species has not been subsequently taken. REMARKS. Heyer (1970, Contr. Sci. Los Angeles County Mus. (191):39) used L. mystaceus in reference to the “Haitian" Leptodactylus. The similarities between dominicensis and the Puerto Rican L. albilabris Gunther suggest that these two taxa might be conspecific. LEPTODACTYLUS FALLAX Muller Leptodactylus dominicensis Muller, 1923, Zool. Anz. 57:49. Preoccupied by L. dominicensis Cochran, 1923, j. Washington Acad. Sci. 13(9):184. Type-locality: Dominica, hlolotype: ZSM 258/1909. Leptodactylus fallax Muller, 1926, Zool. Anz. 65:200 (substitute name for Leptodactylus dominicensis Muller). Distribution. St. Christopher, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Dominica, and St. Lucia; now extant only on Montserrat and Dominica. LEPTODACTYLUS iNSULARUM Barbour Leptodactylus insularum Barbour, 1906, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 46^12) :228. Type- locality: San Miguel Island and Saboga Island, BahTa de Panama. Syntypes: MCZ 2424, MCZ 6901-02, MCZ 2444. Distribution. Isla San Andres and Isla de Providencia; also Central America and northern South America east to Venezuela. LEPTODACTYLUS WAGNERI Peters Plectromantis wagneri Peters, 1862, Monatsb. Akad. wiss. Berlin :232. Type- locality: “an den Westseite der Anden in Ecuador"; Heyer (1970, Los Angeles Co. Mus. Contr. Sci. (191):19-21) has shown that the type-locality is probably Pastaza, Ecuador, on the east side of the Andes, hlolotype: Probably ZSM 1080/0, no longer extant (neotype designated by Heyer, op. cit.). Leptodactylus validus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:14. Type-locality: Kings- town, St. George Parish, St. Vincent. Syntypes: ANSP 26108, ANSP 19425, MCZ 2185 (see REMARKS). Leptodactylus wagneri: Nieden, 1923, Das Tierreich 46:479. Distribution. St. Vincent, the Grenadines (Bequia I.), Grenada, Tobago, Trinidad; also South America north of the Tropic of Capricorn. REMARKS. Heyer (op. c;f. :21) designated MCZ 71920 as lectotype of L. validus, but since this specimen is not part of the syntypic series the designation is invalid. 45 OSTEOPILUS BRUNNEUS Gosse Hyla hrunnea Gosse, 1851, Nautralist's sojourn in /ama/ca; 361. Type-locality: Savanna-la-Mar, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: Unlocated (not designated). Trachycephalus scutigerus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15:46. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 6268 (apparently lost). Osteopilus brunneus: Trueb and Tyler, 1974, Occ. Papers Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas (24):36. Distribution. Jamaica; essentially island-wide but not recorded from the xeric south-central coastal region. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (various localities) to about 5000 feet (Morce's Gap). OSTEOPILUS DOMINICENSIS Tschudi Hypsiboas dominicensis Tschudi, 1838, Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchatel 2:30. Type- locality: St.-Domingue. Syntypes: MNHN 4614. Trachycephalus ovatus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15:44. Type- locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: MCZ 1518. Osteopilus dominicensis: Trueb and Tyler, 1974, Occ. Papers Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas (24):38. Distribution. Hispaniola; widespread in lowlands to elevations of about 5000 feet in southern Haiti (Kenscoff) and about 400(^ feet in central Republica Dominicana (Constanza); He de la Gonave; lle-a-Vache; He Grande Cayemite; He de la Tortue; Isla Saona. OSTEOPILUS SEPTENTRIONALIS Dumeril and Bibron Trachycephalus marmoratus Dumeril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen. 8:538. Type- locality: Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 4612. Hyla septentrionalis Dumeril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen. 8:538. Substitute name for Trachycephalus (=Hyla) marmoratus Dumeril and Bibron (not Hyla marmorata Laurenti, 1768, Spec. Med. Synopsin Rept. :29). Trachycephalus insulsus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15:43. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: ANSP 2181, USNM 12166, USNM 167237. Trachycephalus wrightii Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15:45. Type-locality: District of Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: USNM 5174. Hyla schebestana Werner, 1917, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Hamburg 34:36. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: formerly in HZM, now destroyed. Osteopilus septentrionalis: Trueb and Tyler, 1974, Occ. Papers Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas (24):39. Distribution. Cuba and Isla de Pinos, including the Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Cantiles), Cayos de San Felipe (Cayo Real), and the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo Santa Maria); Cayman Is. (Grand Cayman, Little Cayman, Cayman Brae); Bahama Is. (Grand Bahama I. including Stranger's Cay, Little Abaco I., Great Abaco I. including Pensacola Cays and Elbow Cay, South Bimini I., Berry Is. including Frazer’s Hog Cay and Great Harbour Cay, New Providence I., Eleuthera I., Andros I., Exuma Cays including Pipe Cay and Great Exuma I., Cat I., Conception I., Long I., Rum Cay, San Salvador, Crooked I., Acklin’s I., Great Inagua I.); introduced in extreme northwestern Puerto Rico (Ramey Air Force Base), on St. Croix, and on the Florida Keys and mainland from Collier County to Highlands and Palm Beach counties. RANA CATESBEIANA Shaw Rana catesbeiana Shaw, 1802, Gen. Zool. 1:106. Type-locality: South Carolina; re- stricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer. Amph. and Rept.:79, to vicinity of Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina. Idolotype: unlocated. Distribution. Mnrth America, from southern Canada to the Gulf of Mexico and west to about the 100th meridian, southward into northern Mexico; introduced on Cuba, Isla de Pinos, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, and Jamaica; success of all Antillean populations apparently assured. RANA GRYLIO Stejneger Rana grylio Steineger, 1901, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 24:212. Type-locality: Bay St. Louis, Hancock County, Mississippi, hlolotype: I ISNM 27443. Distribution. North America, from South Carolina to extreme southeastern Texas; introduced in the Bahama Islands (New Providence I., Andros I.). RANA UTRICULARIA Harlan Rana utricularia Harlan, 1826, Am. j. Sci. Arts 10:60. Type-locality: Pennsylvania and New jersey; restricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer. Amph. and Rept.:82, to vicinity of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. LHolotype: none desig- nated; neotype ANSP 2803, selected by Pace, 1974, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (148):18. (1) Rana utricularia sphenocephala Cope Rana oxyrhynchus Hallowell, 1856, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 8:142. Preoccupied by Rana oxyrhynchus Smith, 1849, Ulus. Zool. 5. Afr., Rept., pi. 77. Type-locality: A sulphur spring near the St. John’s River, about three hun- dred miles from Key West, hlolotype: unlocated. Rana virescens sphenocephala Cope, 1889. Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (34):399 (sub- stitute name for Rana oxyrhynchus Hallowell). Neotype: UMMZ 56130, from Enterprise, Volusia County, Florida, designated by Pace (op. c/t. :18). Rana utricularia sphenocephala: Pace (op. c/f. :20). Distribution. Peninsular Florida; introduced in the Bahama Islands (Grand Bahama I.) SMINTHILLUS LIMBATUS Cope Phyllobates limbatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:154. Type- locality: Eastern Cuba. Syntypes: USNM 5205. Sminthillus limbatus: Barbour and Noble, 1920, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 63(8):402. (1) Sminthillus limbatus limbatus Cope Sminthillus limbatus limbatus: Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9):379 (by inference). Distribution. Presumably throughout Cuba, but reported only from the prov- inces of Habana, Las Villas, and Oriente. (2) Sminthillus limbatus orientaiis Barbour and Shreve Sminthillus limbatus orientaiis Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9) :379. Type-locality: El Yunque de Baracoa, 1000 feet to 1800 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Liolotype: MCZ 22082. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. TESTUDINES CHRYSEMYS DECORATA Barbour and Carr, new combination Pseudemys decorata Barbour and Carr, 1940, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 54(5);409. Type-locality: Fond Parisien, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 36862. Distribution. Hispaniola; apparently localized in the lakes (Trou Ca'iman, Etang Saumatre, Lago Enriquillo, Laguna del Rincon) in the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain. CHRYSEMYS DECUSSATA Gray Emys decussata Gray, 1831, Synopsis Rept. :28. Type-locality: “America boreali”; Mertens and Wermuth, 1961, Schiidkroten, Krokodile, Bruckenechsen :160 gave “West Indies.'’ Holotype: BMNH 1947.3.4.79. Chrysemys decussata: Schwartz, 1967, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17) :259. (1) Chrysemys decussata decussata Gray, new combination Pseudemys decussata decussata: Barbour and Carr, 1940, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 54(5) :396. Testudo rugosa Shaw, 1802, Gen. Zool. 3:28. Type-locality: unknown; restricted by Mittleman, 1947, Herpetologica 3(5):175, to Rio Jobabo. Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: unlocated. Emys vermiculata Gray, 1844, Cat. Tort. Brit. Mus. :25. Type-locality: West Indies. Holotype: formerly in BMNH; now lost. Emys jamao Dumeril, 1861, Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris:435, 445 (nomen nudum). Emys gnatho Vilaro, 1867, in Poey, Repert. Elsico-nat. Cuba 2(9):204. Type- locality: Cuba. Holotype: unlocated. Emys jamao Vilaro, 1868, in Poey, Repert. Eisico-nat. Cuba 2:121. Type-locality: La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: unlocated. Pseudemys decussata angusta Barbour and Carr, 1940, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 54(5):402. Tvpe-locallty: Rio Taco, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 34340. Pseudemys decussata plana Barbour and Carr, 1940, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 54(5):405. Type-locality: Rto Jobabo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 34134. Distribution. Cuba and Isla de Pinos; reported from Cayo Santa Maria in the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey off the northern Cuban coast, but not represented by specimens. (2) Chrysemys decussata granti Barbour and Carr, new combination Pseudemys granti Barbour and Carr, 1941, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18:59. Type-locality: Grand Cayman Island, Cayman Islands. Holotype: MCZ 46045. Pseudemys decussata granti: Williams, 1956, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 115(5):157. Distribution: Cayman Is. (Grand Cayman, Cayman Brae). (3) Chrysemys decussata stejnegeri Schmidt, new combination Pseudemys stejnegeri Schmidt, 1928, New York Acad. Sci., Sci. Surv. Porto Rico and Virgin Is. 19(1) :147. Type-locality: San Juan, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 25642. Pseudemys decussata stejnegeri: Williams, 1956, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 115(5):157. Distribution. Puerto Rico; possibly occurring on Isla Vieques (Grant, 1932, J. Dept. Agri. Porto Rico 18(1):39) but no specimens collected; also reported from Marie-Galante. (4) Chrysemys decussata vicina Barbour and Carr, new combination Pseudemys stejnegeri vicina Barbour and Carr, 1940, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 54(5):408. Type-locality: Sanchez, Samana Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: FMNH 5977. Pseudemys decussata vicina: Williams, 1956, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 115(5):157. Distribution. Hispaniola; introduced on Marie-Galante. CHRYSEMYS FELIS Barbour Pseudemys felis Barbour, 1935, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:205. Type- locality: Tea Bay, Cat Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 38385. Chrysemys felis: Schwartz, 1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17) :259. Distribution. Bahama Islands (Cat I., Eleuthera 1., Andros I.). CHRYSEMYS MALONEI Barbour and Carr Pseudemys malonei Barbour and Carr, 1938, Proc. New England Zool. Club 17:76. Type-locality: Ponds near Northwest Point, Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 44338. Chrysemys malonei: Schwartz, 1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17):260. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Great Inagua I. REMARKS. Williams (1956, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 115(5):157) suggested that Ch. felis and Ch. malonei may be neither native nor recognizable. Schwartz (1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17):259) suggested that perhaps at least Ch. felis might be a subspecies of Ch. decussata. Both taxa are distinctive, but perhaps nomenclatural combination with Ch. decussata would more properly show their relationships. CHRYSEMYS SCRIPTA Schoepff Testudo scripta Schoepff, 1792, Hist. Testud. :16. Type-locality: unknown; desig- nated as Charleston, South Carolina, by Schmidt, 1953, Check List North Amer. Amph. Rept. :^02. Holotype: unlocated. Chrysemys scripta: Boulenger, 1889, Cat. Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, Crocodilians British Mus.:77. (1) Chrysemys scripta elegans Wied Emys elegans Wied, 1838, Reise Nord Amer. 1:213. Type-locality: Eox River at New Harmony, Indiana. Holotype: unlocated. Chrysemys scripta var. elegans: Boulenger, 1889, Cat. Chelonians, Rhyncho- cephalians, Crocodilians British Mus.:78. Distribution. Eastern North America, west to Kansas and south into north- eastern Mexico; introduced on Guadeloupe (Grande-Terre and Basse-Terre.) CHRYSEMYS TERRAPEN Lacepede, new combination (Testudo) terrapen Lacepede, 1788, Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Ovip. 1:129. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: unlocated. Testudo palustris Gmelin, 1789, Linn. Syst. Nat., Ed. 13, 1:1041. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: unlocated. Testudo fasciata Suckow, 1798 (part, not Testudo fasciata Daudin, 1802), Anfansgr. Naturgesch. Thiere 3:40. Type-locality: "Amboina und Virginia.” Type-material: unlocated. 49 Emys rugosa var. livida Gray, 1831, Syn. Rept. 1:30. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: unlocated. Distribution. Jamaica. GEOCHELONE CARBONARIA Spix Testudo carbonaria Spix, 1824, Spec. Nov. Testud. Brasil. :22. Type-locality: Amazonas." Holotype: unlocated. Testudo boiei Wagler, 1833, Icon. Amph.:']3. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: unlocated. Geochelone carbonaria: Williams, 1960, Breviora (120) :10. Distribution. Throughout much of tropical South America; introduced on St. Thomas including Water I., St. John, Tortola, Peter I., St.-Barthelemy, Barbuda, Antigua, Montserrat, the Grenadines (Cannouan I.), and Grenada. According to Underwood (1962, Caribbean Affairs Univ. West Indies (New Ser.) 1:162) C. carbonaria occurs on “many of the Grenadines." REMARKS. Records of Geochelone (species not determined) include the Virgin Is. (Lovango Cay), ?St. -Martin, ?St. Eustatius, ?St. Christopher, and ?Dominica (questioned islands indicate records evidently based on hearsay). In some instances Geochelone denticulata or its synonym Testudo tabulata were reported, but these are either unverified or predate Williams (1960, Breviora (120):1-13) who showed carbonaria and denticulata to be distinct species. PELUSIOS SUBNIGER Lacepede Testudo subnigra Lacepede, 1788, Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Ovip. 7; Synops. method. 175. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: MNHN 8366. Pelusios subniger: Lindholm, 1929, Zool. Anz. 81 :288. Distribution. Africa south of the Sahara, Mauritius Is., Madagascar; introduced on Guadeloupe where moderately common. SAURIA AMEIVA AMEIVA Linnaeus Lacerta ameiva Linnaeus, 1758, Sysf. Nat., ed. 10:202. Type-locality: Brasil; amended by Hoogmoed, 1973, Biogeographia 4:44, to confluence of the Cottica River and the Perica Creek, Suriname. Syntypes: Two specimens in SMNH and one in the Gyllenborg collection, Uppsala (fide Hoogmoed, loc. cit.). Ameiva ameiva: Cockerell, 1893, j. inst. Jamaica 1:310. (1) Ameiva ameiva fuliginosa Cope Tiaporus fuliginosus Cope, 1862, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 30:132. Type-locality: Swan Island. Synfypes: USNM 14710, USNM 32119-20. Ameiva panchlora Barbour, 1921, Proc. New England Zool. Club 7:83. Type- locality: Isla de Providencia. Holotype: USNM 13879. Ameiva ameiva fuliginosa: Ameiva ameiva fuliginosa: Dunn and Saxe, 1950, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel- phia 102:155. Distribution. Swan I., Isla de Providencia. (2) Ameiva ameiva tobagana Cope Amiva (sic) suranamensis tobaganus Cope, 1879, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 18:276. Type-locality: Tobago, apparently in error; Tuck and Hardy, 1973, Proc. Biol. 50 Soc. Washington 86(19) :231-240, showed that the holotype probably came from Grenada, the Grenadines, or St. Vincent. Holotype: USNM 10113. Ameiva aquilina Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:3. Type-locality: St. George’s, St. George Parish, Grenada. Syntypes: ANSP 19595, MCZ 6088-89. Ameiva ameiva tobagana: Tuck and Hardy, 1973, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 86(19):239. Distribution. Si. Vincent, the Grenadines (known from the islands of Bequia, Mustique, Cannouan, Mayreau, Union, Petit Bateau, Frigate, Ronde, and Caille), Grenada and its satellites Sandy and Green Is. AMEIVA AUBERI Cocteau Ameiva auberi Cocteau, 1838 or 1839, in de la Sagra, Historia ... c/e Cuba:51. Type-locality: Cuba. Restricted by Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):65, to the vicinity of La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Syntypes: MNHN 1112, /V1NHN 2647, MNHN 1788, MNHN 4178 (see Schwartz, op. cit.). (1) Ameiva auberi auberi Cocteau Ameiva auberi auberi: Hecht, 1954, Year Book Amer. Phil. Soc.:133 (by in- ference). Ameiva trilineata Gray. 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.: 19. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8. 29.33-.34. Distribution. The north coast of Cuba, from Marianao and La Habana on the west, east to vicinity of Canasi, Matanzas Province. (2) Ameiva auberi abducta Schwartz Ameiva auberi abducta Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):70. Type- locality: Punta Hicacos, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 96331. Distribution. Known only from the distal half of the Penmsula de Hicacos, Matanzas Province, Cuba. (3) Ameiva auberi atrotborax Schwartz Ameiva auberi atrotborax Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):79. Type- locality: Finca Morales, 8 mi. NW Trinidad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78035. Distribution. South-central Las Villas Province, Cuba, from Paso Caballo and Soledad in the west to Trinidad and Casilda in the east. (4) Ameiva auberi bilateralis McCoy Ameiva auberi bilateralis McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):142. Type- locality: South end of Great Ragged Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 40985. Distribution. Bahamas Islands: Ragged Is. (Nurse Cay, Great Ragged I., Little Ragged I., Hog Cay). (5) Ameiva auberi cacuminis Schwartz Ameiva auberi cacuminis Schwartz, 1970^ Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):56. Type- locality: Ensenada de Cajon, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83028. Distribution. Extreme tip of Cabo de San Antonio, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. (6) Ameiva auberi citra Schwartz Ameiva auberi citra Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):89. Type-locality: 2 mi. W Playa Santa Lucfa, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 96375. 51 Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of Playa Santa Lucia, Cainaguey Province, Cuba. (7) Ameiva auberi denticola Schwartz Ameiva auberi denticola Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):57. Type- locality: North shore, Ensenada de Corrientes, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 79202. Distribution. The Penmsula de Guanahacabibes, from the western shore of Cabo Corrientes west to about 45 km W Cayuco, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. (8) Ameiva auberi extorris Schwartz Ameiva auberi extorris Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):76. Type- locality: Cayuelo de la Vela, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 52. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality in the Archipielago de Sabana, off the north coast of Cuba. (9) Ameiva auberi extraria Schwartz Ameiva auberi extraria Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):73. Type- locality: Cayo Bahia de c/diz. Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 82982. Distribution. The Archipielago de Sabana off the north coast of Las^Villas Province, Cuba; known from the type-locality, Cayo Monos de Jutia, Cayo Lanzanillo, Cayo Carenero, Cayo las Tocineras, and Cayo Tio Pepe. (10) Ameiva auberi felis McCoy Ameiva auberi felis McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41 (4): 128. Type-locality: The Bight, Cat Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 20440. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Cat I. (11) Ameiva auberi focaiis McCoy Ameiva auberi focaiis McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4);137. Type- locality: Ship Channel Cay, Exuma Cays, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 41147. Distribution. Bahama Islands: the type-locality. Possibly also occurring on others of the northernmost Exuma Cays. (12) Ameiva auberi galbiceps Schwartz Ameiva auberi galbiceps Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):111. Type- locality: Southernmost point of large cay, 3 km NW Cayo Cachiboca, Laberinto de las Doce Leguas, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78058. Distribution. Known only from cays in the Jardines de la Reina (= Laberinto de las Doce Leguas) off the southern coast of Cuba: type-locality, Cayo Caballones, Cayo Anclitas, Cayo Cachiboca, Cayo Cabeza del Este, and several other un- named small islets. (13) Ameiva auberi garridoi Schwartz Ameiva auberi garridoi Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):77. Type- locality: Cuatro Bocas, Sagua la Grande, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ96. Distribution. Known only from the region between the city of Sagua la Grande and La Isabela, northern Las Villas Province, Cuba. 52 (14) Ameiva auberi gemmea Schwartz Ameiva auberi gemmea Schwartz, 1970, Ann Carnegie Mus. 41(4):71. Type- locality: Mouth of Rio de Sierra Morena, near Playa Ganuza, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 82972. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality. (15) Ameiva auberi granti Schwartz Ameiva auberi granti Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):91. Type- locality: Baracoa, east side, Bahia de Miel, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83784. Distribution. The north coast of Oriente Province, Cuba, from Banes (and possibly as far west as Gibara) on the west to the vicinity of Baracoa in the east. (16) Ameiva auberi hardyi Schwartz Ameiva auberi hardyi Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):100. Type- locality: Ocujal, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: USNM 138468. Distribution. Southwestern coast of Oriente Province, Cuba, from the vicinity of Cabo Cruz on the west presumably to the Bahia de Santiago on the east, but specimens are lacking from the area immediately west of the bay. (17) Ameiva auberi kingi McCoy Ameiva auberi kingi McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):130. Type-locality: Gibson Cay, mouth of South Bight, Andros Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 40915. Distribution. Bahama Islands; Andros I., including the type-locality and asso- ciated cays and islets. (18) Ameiva auberi llanensis Schwartz Ameiva auberi llanensis Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):84. Type- locality: Just south of west end of Sierra de Cubitas, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 59321. Distribution. The serpentine savannas from the western end of the Sierra de Cubitas south to the vicinity of the city of Camaguey, Camaguey Province, Cuba. (19) Ameiva auberi marcida Schwartz . Ameiva auberi marcida Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):105. Type- locality: Jacksonville, Isla de Pinos, Habana Province. Holotype: AMNH 82991. Distribution. The southern third of the Isla de Pinos, south of the Cienaga de Lanier, including the Paso de Piedras. (20) Ameiva auberi multilineata McCoy Ameiva auberi multilineata McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4);132. Type- locality: Bond’s Cay, Berry Islands, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 41196. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Berry Is. (Great Harbour Cay, Cistern Cay, Devil’s Cay, Little Harbour Cay, Bond’s Cay, Frazer’s Hog Cay, Chub Cay). (21) Ameiva auberi obsoleta McCoy Ameiva auberi obsoleta McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):139. Type- locality: Adderly’s, Long Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 43976. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Long I.; Exuma Cays (Warderick Wells Cay, Bell I., Compass Cay, Sampson Cay, Staniel Cay, Bitter Guana Cay, Cave Cay, Great Exuma I., Elizabeth I., Little Exuma I.) 53 (22) Ameiva auberi orlandoi Schwartz and McCoy Ameiva auberi festiva Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (141) :37. Preoccupied by Cnemidophorus (=Ameiva) festiva Lichtenstein and Von Martens, 1856, Nomen. Rept. Ampb. Mus. Berolinensis: 13. Type-locality: Cayo Santa Maria, Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 3427. Ameiva auberi orlandoi Schwartz and McCoy, 1975, Herpetologica 31(2):240. (substitute name for Ameiva auberi festiva Garrido). Distribution. Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, Las Villas Province, Cuba: Cayo Santa Maria, Cayo Frances, Cayo Guillermo, Cayo las Brujas, and Cayo Caiman Grande de Santa Maria. (23) Ameiva auberi paulsoni Schwartz Ameiva auberi paulsoni Schwartz, 1970^ Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):63. Type- locality: 1 km N Las Canas, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83012. Distribution. Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba, in the vicinity of Las Canas and La Coloma. (24) Ameiva auberi peradusta Schwartz Ameiva auberi faeradusta Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):83. Type- locality: Juragua, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 85. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (25) Ameiva auberi procer Schwartz Ameiva auberi procer Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4);60. Type- locality: San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78390. Distribution. Cuba, in Pinar del Rio Province, from the vicinity of Cayuco in the southwest, north at lower elevations (about 1000 feet) in at least southern and central portions of the Sierra de los Organos and Sierra del Rosario, east to San Diego de los^BalTos and Dayani^uas on the south coast, and north on the coast to Bahia Honda and Cabanas. (26) Ameiva auberi pullata Schwartz Ameiva auberi pullata Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):67. Type- locality: 13 km NE Matanzas, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 82953. Distribution. Cuba, from the vicinity of Matanzas (city) east to Cardenas (ex- cluding the distal half of the Peninsula de Hicacos), and presumably inland to the vicinity of San Miguel de los BarTos, Matanzas Province. (27) Ameiva auberi richmondi McCoy Ameiva auberi richmondi McCoy, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):134. Type- locality: Near Lyons, North Bimini Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 34140. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Bimini Is. (East Bimini, Easter Cay, Gun Cay, North Bimini, South Bimini, South Cat Cay). (28) Ameiva auberi sabulicolor Schwartz Ameiva auberi sabulicolor Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):94. Type- locality: 2.8 mi. E Imias, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83941. Distribution. The southeastern coast of Oriente Province, Cuba, from the vicinity of Guantanamo (city) and Boqueron, east to Cajobabo, and probably to Cabo Maisi. 54 (29) Ameiva auberi sanfelipensis Garrido Ameiva auberi sanfelipensis Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (141):45. Type-locality: Cayo Real, Cayos de San Felipe, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: XL 2987. Distribution. Knovi'n only from Cayo Real and Cayo Juan Garda in the Cayos de San Felipe off the southern Pinar del Rio coast. (30) Ameiva auberi secta Schwartz Ameiva auberi secta Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):102. Type- locality: Playa de Rocas, between Bibijagua and Jucaro, Isla de Pinos, La Habana Province. Holotype: AMNH 82997. Distribution. Isla de Pinos, north of the Cienaga de Lanier. (31) Ameiva auberi sublesta Schwartz Ameiva auberi sublesta Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):87. Type- locality: Playa Bonita, east end, Cayo Sabinal, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 96393. Distribution. Cayo Sabinal off the northern coast of Cuba. (32) Ameiva auberi thoracica Cope Ameiva thoracica Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:64. Type- locality: New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: ANSP9158. Ameiva auberi thoracica: Hecht, 1954, Year Book Amer. Phil. Soc., 1954:133. Distribution. Bahama Islands: New Providence I., Rose I., Eleuthera I., Little San Salvador I. (33) Ameiva auberi ustulata Schwartz Ameiva auberi ustulata Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):97. Type- locality: 7.8 mi. E Siboney, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83778. Distribution. Cuba, on the southern coast of Oriente Province between the Bahia de Santiago and the Bahia de Guantanamo, and occurring inland to the northwest of Santiago de Cuba at San Luis, El Cobre, and Palma Soriano. (34) Ameiva auberi zugi Schwartz Ameiva auberi zugi Schwartz, 1970, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 41(4):107. Jype- locality: Cayo Largo, Archipielago de los Canarreos, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83003. Distribution. The Archipielago de los Canarreos east of the Isla de Pinos; known from Cayo Matias, Cayo Hicacos, Cayo Avalos, Cayo Cantiles, and Cayo Largo, and Las Salinas, extreme northeast Peninsula de Zapata. REMARKS. A. auberi is known from the vicinity of Mariel, north of Quiebra Hacha, and Herradura, Pinar del Rio Province, the Sierra de jatibonico near the Las Villas-Camaguey province line, and from north of the Sierra de Cubitas, Camaguey Province; these specimens have not been allocated subspecifically. Doubtless A. auberi occurs on many islets in the cayerias off both coasts of Cuba and on many other cays and islets in the Bahamas whence it is unreported. McCoy (op. c/f;:144) tentatively assigned specimens from Green Cay to bilateralis, but this assignment is subject to reassessment. 55 AMEIVA CHRYSOLAEMA Cope Ameiva chrysolaema Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:127. Type- locality: "lie de la Gonave;” restricted by Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177): 275, to within 25 miles of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Syntypes: USNM 12140, USNM 12142. (1) Ameiva chrysolaema chrysolaema Cope Amiva (sic) vittipunctata Cope, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 23:220. Type-locality: City of Santo Domingo, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana; restricted by Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177) :275-276, to within 25 miles of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: ANSP 9132. Ameiva affinis Fischer, 1883, Separat-Abdruck aus dem Osterprogramm akad. Gymnasiums Hamburg:1. Type-locality: Haiti. Holotype: Formerly HZM 760a, now destroyed. Ameiva chrysolaema chrysolaema: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):143. Distribution. Haiti, from Diquini and Carrefour in the west, northwest along the Golfe de la Gonave to Pont Sonde, and east throughout the Cul de Sac Plain to near the Dominico-Haitian border (Manneville; Fond Parisien); on the Morne I'Hopital to Petionville and the Montagnes du Trou-d'Eau to Fond Michelle. Altitudinal distribution from sea level and below to 1800 feet (Fond Michelle). (2) Ameiva chrysolaema abbotti Noble Ameiva abbotti Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (64) :1. Type-locality: Isla Beata, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 24327. Ameiva chrysolaema abbotti: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):144. Distribution. Isla Beata. (3) Ameiva chrysolaema alacris Schwartz and Klinikowski Ameiva chrysolaema alacris Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10):444. Type-locality: 10 km SE San Juan, San Juan Province, Re- publica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77232. Distribution. From east-central Haiti (Cerca-la-Source) southeastward through the Valle de San Juan; intergrading with A. ch. boekeri at Hato Nuevo, Azua Province, and A. ch. chrysolaema in the vicinity of Mirebalais, Dept, de I'Ouest. (4) Ameiva chrysolaema boekeri Mertens Ameiva chrysolaema boekeri Mertens, 1938, Senckenbergiana 20:338. Type- locality: South of Fondo Negro, lower Rio Yaque del Sur, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 25033. Distribution. Republica Dominicana, from north of the Rio Yaque del Sur, ex- treme eastern Valle de Neiba, north and east to north of Azua, and east to the vicinity of Bani, where A. cb. boekeri intergrades with A. ch. procax. (5) Ameiva chrysolaema defensor Schwartz and Klinikowski Ameiva chrysolaema defensor Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10):470. Type-locality: Mole St. Nicholas, Departement du Nord Quest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 63379. Distribution. Northwestern Haiti, from Bombardopolis in the south to the vicinity of Port-de-Paix in the northeast, and south (Gros-Morne) to Ennery and southeast of Gona'iVes; intergrades with A. ch. chrysolaema in the vicinity of Dessalines, Dept, de I'Artibonite. (6) Ameiva chrysolaema evulsa Schwartz Ameiva chrysolaema evulsa Schwartz, 1973, Herpetologica 29(2) :101. Type- locality: Crosse Caye, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 189236. Distribution. Known certainly only from the type-locality, but may also occur at Aquin and Cap St. Ceorges. (7) Ameiva chrysolaema ficta Schwartz and Klinikowski Ameiva chrysolaema ficta Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10):461. Type-locality: 13.1 mi. (20.8 km) SW Enriquillo, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77237. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Penmsula de Barahona from 30 km NW Oviedo in the west, east to Oviedo, and north to Enriquillo. (8) Ameiva chrysolaema jacta Schwartz and Klinikowski Ameiva chrysolaema Jacta Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10);454. Type-locality: Juanillo, La Altagracia Province, Repdblica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 75267. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (9) Ameiva chrysolaema parvoris Schwartz and Klinikowski Ameiva chrysolaema parvoris Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10) :450. Type-locality: 0.9 mi. (1.4 km) E Boca Chica, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77234. Distribution. Republica Dominicana, from Boca Chica in the west to east of San Pedro de Macons; Isla Catalina. (10) Ameiva chrysolaema procax Schwartz and Klinikowski Ameiva chrysolaema procax Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10) :448. Type-locality: Santo Domingo, 2.2 km SW Rfo Ozama, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77233. Distribution. Republica Dominicana, from the Rfo Ozama in the east to Sabana Crande de Palenque, San Cristobal Province, in the west, intergrading with A. ch. boekeri in the vicinity of Bani; primarily coastal but observed in the interior city of San Cristobal. (11) Ameiva chrysolaema quadrijugis Schwartz Ameiva chrysolaema quadrijugis Schwartz, 1968, Herpetologica 24(1) :24. Type- locality: 4 mi. (6.4 km) SE Leo^ne, D/partement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 92046. Distribution. Haiti; known from the vicinity of ^a Ira and Leogane in the west, east to the vicinity of Cressier, where it intergrades with A. ch. chrysolaema. (12) Ameiva chrysolaema regularis Fischer Ameiva reguiaris Fischer, 1888, Jahr. wiss. Anst. Hamburg 5:26. Type-locality: Sans Souci, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: Formerly in HZM, now destroyed. Ameiva chrysolaema regularis: Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10):476. Distribution. North-central Hispaniola: from Carosse (north of Port Margot), Limbe, and Dondon in the west, east to Fort Liberte, Haiti, and to Monte Cristi and throughout the Valle de Cibao east to the vicinity of Santiago, Republica Dominicana; also the Cayos Siete Hermanos (Islas Muertos, Toruru, Monte Chico, Tercero); Isla Cabras. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 1400 feet (Dondon). 57 (13) Ameiva chrysolaema richardthomasi Schwartz and Klinikowski Ameiva chrysolaema richardthomasi Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10):455. Type-locality: Environs of Mano juan, Isla Saona, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77235. Distribution. Isla Saona. (14) Ameiva chrysolaema secessa Schwartz and Klinikowski Ameiva chrysolaema secessa Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10):467. Type-locality: Etroits, He de la Gon^ve, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 77238. Distribution, lie de la Gontve. (15) Ameiva chrysolaema umbratilis Schwartz and Klinikowski Ameiva chrysolaema umbratilis Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10) :437. Type-locality: Barahona, Barahona Province, Re- pi5blica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77231. Distribution. Republica Dominicana, in the Valle de Neiba, from Jimanfto the vicinity of the type-locality. (16) Ameiva chrysolaema woodi Cochran Ameiva chrysolaema woodi Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:181. Type-locality: He de la Tortue. Holotype: MCZ 37583. Ameiva chrysolaema juliae Barbour, 1935, Zoologica 19(3):127; lapsus. Distribution. He de la Tortue. AMEIVA CINERACEA Barbour and Noble Ameiva cineracea Barbour and Noble, 1915, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 59(6):453. Type-locality: Grand llet off Petit-Bourg on the east coast of Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe. Holotype: MCZ 10577. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality, now apparently extinct. AMEIVA CORVINA Cope Ameiva corvina Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:312. Type- locality: Sombrero Island. Syntypes: ANSP 9115-30, MCZ 10525, MCZ 5531, MCZ 3613, MCZ 52215-16. Distribution. Sombrero I. AMEIVA DORSALIS Gray Ameiva dorsalis Gray, 1838, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(1):277. Type-locality: South America (in error) and Jamaica. Holotype: BMNH 111.11a. Ameiva sloanei Dumeril and Bibron, 1839, Erp. G^n. 5:107. Type-locality: Jamaica. Syntypes: MNHN 2646, MNHN 4171. Distribution. Known from widely scattered, primarily coastal localities around Jamaica, including Pigeon I. east of the Portland Peninsula. Specimens reputedly from the Bogue Is. near Montego Bay may be from the town of Montego Bay, where the species occurs. AMEIVA ERYTHROCEPHALA Daudin Ameiva erythrocephala Daudin, 1802, Hist. Nat. Rept. 3:22. Type-locality: St. Christopher. Holotype: Unlocated. Ameiva erythrops Cope, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 23:221. Type- locality: St. Eustatius. Syntypes: ANSP 9892-96. Ameiva punctata Gray, 1838, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(1):277. Type-locality: Demerara. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.30.40. Ameiva major var. flaviceps Bocourt, 1874, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept. 4:246. Type- locality: Cayenne. Holotype: MNHN 4172. Distribution. St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, Nevis. AMEIVA EXSUL Cope Ameiva plei var. exsul Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:66. Type- locality: Water Island, near St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Holotype: USNM 30696. Ameiva riisei Reinhardt and Liitken, 1863, Vid. Meddel. naturhist. Foren. Kbenhaven 1862:232. Type-locality: St. Thomas, St. Croix, St. John, Water I., Vieques, Puerto Rico; restricted by Bocourt, 1874, Miss. Sci. Mex., Rept. 4, pi. XX, B, figs. 3-3c, to St. Thomas, this restriction followed by Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. 1902:613. Syntypes: UZM R.4336-37 (St. Thomas), R.4339 (Water I.), R.4338 (Vieques), R. 4340-43, R. 4346-48 (St. John), R. 4349-51 (Puerto Rico), R.4352-54, R.4344-45 (West Indies). Ameiva exul (sic): Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus. 1902:612. (1) Ameiva exsul exsul Cope, new combination Ameiva birdorum Grant, 1932, J. Dept. Agr. Puerto Rico 16(2) :160. Type- locality: Cayo Diablo (= Cayo La Llave), off Fajardo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: UMMZ 73854. Distribution. The Puerto Rico Bank, except Isla Mona and Isla Desecheo. Widespread on Puerto Rico at low to moderate elevations around the periphery of the island, penetrating inland to Caguas, Utuado, and the vicinity of Lares; also the satellite islets of Puerto Rico: Cayo Cardona, Isla Caja de Muertos, Platillo (= Isla Morrillito), Isla de Cabras off San Juan, Cayo Batata, Cayo Santiago, Levin's Rock, Cayo Algodones, Isla Cabras, Isla PirTeros, Cabeza de Perro, Isla de Ramos, Cayo Ahogado, Isleta Marina, Cayo Palominitos, Cayo Palominos, Cayo Hicacos, Konyoki, Cayo Ratones, Cayo Lobos, Isla Blanquilla, Cayo Diablo (= Cayo La Llave). The islands east of Puerto Rico: Vieques (and satellites Cayo de Tierra and Cayo de Afuera), Culebra (and Cayo Norte and Isla Culebrita), St. Thomas (and Saba, Dutchman Cap, Salt Cay, Savanna I., Inner Brass I., Outer Brass I., Water I., Hassel I., Thatch Cay, Great St. James I., Little St. James I., Dog I., Prickly Pear Cay, Bovoni Cay, Cas Cay, and Rotto Cay), St. John (and Mingo Cay, Lovango Cay, Leduck I., Flanagan I.), Sandy Cay off Jost Van Dyke, Tortola (and Guana I., Little Camanoe I., Great Camanoe I., Beef I., Marina Cay, Scrub I.), Peter I., Dead Man's Chest, Salt I., Cooper I., Virgin Gorda (and Mosquito I.), Necker I., and Anegada. Altitudinal distribution from sea level at many localities to 1200 feet (5 mi. NE Lares, Puerto Rico). (2) Ameiva exsul alboguttata Boulenger, new combination Ameiva alboguttata Boulenger, 1896, Jahresber. Naturw. Ver. Magdeburg 1894-1896:112. Type-locality: Isla Mona. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.30.35. Distribution: Isla Mona. 59 (3) Ameiva exsul desechensis Heatwole and Torres, new combination Ameiva desechensis Heatwole and Torres, 1967, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 24(92):95. Type-locality: Isla Desecheo. Holotype: mCZ 100041. Distribution. Isla Desecheo. REMARKS. Although Heatwole and Torres (1967) considered alboquttata and desechensis as species distinct from A. exsul, we feel that their close relation- ships warrant use of trinomials. AMEIVA FUSCATA Carman Ameiva fuscata Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19;5. Type-locality: Dominica. Syntypes: MCZ 6087. Ameiva brachiosquamatum Cope, 1892, in Verrill, Trans. Connecticut Acad. 8:352. Type-locality: Dominica. Holotype: Unlocated. Distribution. Dominica. AMEIVA GRISWOLDI Barbour Ameiva griswoldi Barbour, 1916, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 29:216. Type-locality: St. John's, St. John Parish, Antigua. Holotype: MCZ 11945. Distribution. The Antigua Bank: Barbuda, Antigua and its satellites (Long I., Great Bird I., Green I.). AMEIVA LEBERI Schwartz and Klinikowski, new combination Ameiva chrysolaema leberi Schwartz and Klinikowski, 1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10) :459. Type-locality: 5 km E Pedernales, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77236. Distribution. Hispaniola, from Tean near Saltrou, Dept, de I'Ouest, Haiti, east across the Peninsula de Barahona, Republica Dominicana, to the vicinity of Oviedo. REMARKS. Although described as a subspecies of A. chrysolaema, additional collections from the Peninsula de Barahona indicate that A. ch. ficta and A. leberi are broadly syntopic without intergradation for about 30 kilometers along the Pedernales-Oviedo road, and A. leberi occurs at the type-locality of A. ch. ficta. See Schwartz and Klinikowski (1966, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 133(10) :463-464) for a discussion of specimens available at that time. AMEIVA LINEOLATA Dum^ril and Bibron Ameiva lineolata Dum/ril and Bibron, 1839, Erp. Gen. 5:119. Type-locality: St.- DominRue; restricted by Schwartz, 1966, Caribbean j. Sci. 5(1/2):47, to the Cul de Sac Plain in the vicinity of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MNHN 2644. (1) Ameiva lineolata lineolata Dumeril and Bibron Ameiva lineolata lineolata: Mertens. 1939, Abh. senckenberg. Naturf. Ges.(449):73. Distribution. Hispaniola: from GonaTves and Dessalines. Dept, de I’Artibonite, Haiti, in the northwest, south to Port-au-Prince, east across the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain (including the southern slopes of the Montagnes du Trou-d’Eau) into the Llanos de Azua. Republica Dominicana, east to the vicinity of Bam; also the Valle de San luan to Banica on the Dominico-Haitian border: lie a Cabrit in the Golfe de la Gonave. Altitudinal distribution from sea level and below to 1800 feet (Fond Michelle and Terre Rouge, both in the Montagnes du Trou-d’EauU 60 (2) Ameiva lineolata beatensis Noble Ameiva beatensis Noble, Amer. Mus. Novitates (64):2. Type-locality: Isla Beata, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 24328. Ameiva lineolata beatensis: Mertens, 1939, Abb. senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. (449) :73. Distribution. Isla Beata. (3) Ameiva lineolata meracula Schwartz Ameiva lineolata meracula Schwartz. 1966. Caribbean |. Sci. 5(1/2):51. Type- locality: Monte Cristi, Monte Cristi Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 39486. Distribution. Reoublica Dominicana. in the arid Valle de Cibao. from Monte Cristi southeast to near Los Ouemados. Valverde Province: Isla Cabras. (4) Ameiva lineolata perplicata Schwartz Ameiva lineolata perplicata Schwartz. 1966. Caribbean I. Sci. 5(1/2);49. Type- locality: Mole St. Nicholas. Departement du Nord Quest. Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 63344. Distribution. Known onlv from the tvpe-localitv. (5) Ameiva lineolata privigna Schwartz Ameiva lineolata privigna Schwartz. 1966. Caribbean |. Sci. 5(1/2):55. Type- locality: 5 km N Pedernales. Pedernales Province, Repi^blica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77223. Distribution. Southern Haiti, from Saltrou west to 10 km NW Oviedo, Pedernales Province. Republica Dominicana. (6) Ameiva lineolata semota Schwartz Ameiva lineolata semota Schwartz, 1966, Caribbean ). Sci. 5(1/2):53. Type- locality: Isla Catalina. La Romana Province. Reoublica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77222. Distribution. Isla Catalina. AMEIVA MAJOR Dumeril and Bibron Ameiva major Dumeril and Bibron. 1839. Erp. Gen. 5:117. Type-locality: "Cayenne” (probably in error) and "Trinite” (probably Trinite, Martinique). Lectotype: MNHN 1491 from ^'Trinite”; designated by Baskin and Williams, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 23(89):175. Distribution. Probably Martinique, apparently now extinct. AMEIVA MAYNARDI Carman Ameiva maynardii Carman. 1888, Bull, Essex Inst. 20:10. Type-locality: Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Syntypes: MCZ 6225. (1) Ameiva maynardi maynardi Carman Ameiva maynardii maynardii: Noble and Klingel. 1932, Amer. Mus. Novitates (549): 21. Amiva leucomelas Cope. 1895. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46:436. Type- locality: Great Inagua Island. Bahama Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 26120-21. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Great Inagua I., north and west coast, from Mathew Town to Union Creek. 61 (2) Ameiva maynardi parvinaguae Barbour and Shreve Ameiva maynardii parvinaguae Barbour and Shreve, 1936, Proc. New Eng- land Zool. Club 16:3. Type-locality: Little Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 42039. Distribution: Bahama Islands: Little Inagua I. (3) Ameiva maynardi uniformis Noble and Klingel Ameiva maynardii uniformis Noble and Klingel, 1932, Amer. Mus. Novitates (549):23. Type-locality: Canfield Bav, Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 45404. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Great Inagua I.. eastern and southern portions: intergradation between A. m. maynardi and A. m. uniformis occurs in southwestern Great Inagua, at South West Point and Salt Pond Hill. AMEIVA PLEEI Dumeril and Bibron Ameiva pleii Dumeril and Bibron. 1839. Erp. Gen. 5:114. Type-locality: Martinique (in error). Syntypes: MNHN 1784. MNHN 2648. MNHN 4163. Ameiva analifera Cope, 1869, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 19:8. Type-locality: St.- Martin and St.-Barthllemv. Syntypes: ANSP 9065, ANSP 9072-81. Ameiva garmani Barbour, 1914, Men. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):312. Type-locality: Anguilla. Holotype: MCZ 6141. Ameiva nevisana Schmidt, 1929, Proc. Linn. Soc. New York 33:1. Type-locality: “Nevis;” Baskin and Williams, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 23(89):159 noted that the holotype of nevisana is a specimen of A. pleei, which does not occur on Nevis. Holotype: AMNH 1653. Distribution. Anguilla (and Scrub I., Little Scrub I., and Dog I.), St. -Martin (and Tintamarre I.), and St.-Barthelemv (and lie Fourchue, He Chevreau, He Toe Vers, and lie Fregate). AMEIVA PLUVIANOTATA Carman Ameiva pluvianotata Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:6. Type-locality: Plymouth, St. Anthony’s Parish, Montserrat. Syntypes: MCZ 6086. (1) Ameiva pluvianotata pluvianotata Garman. new combination Distribution. Montserrat. (2) Ameiva pluvianotata atrata Garman, new combination Ameiva atrata Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:8. Type-locality: Redonda Island. Holotype: MCZ 6084. Distribution. Redonda I. AMEIVA POLOPS Cope Ameiva polops Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:66. Type-locality: St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands. Holotype: USNM 30695. Ameiva orstedii Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vid. Meddel. naturhist. Foren. K^^benhavn 1862:232. Type-locality: St. Croix and St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: UZM R.4356 (St. Croix), R.4355 (St. John). Distribution. St. Croix (possibly extinct) and the offshore islets Green Cay and Protestant Cay; introduced on Buck I. in 1968 but apparently very rare or absent there in 1974. 62 AMEIVA TAENIURA Cope Ameiva taeniura Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:63. Type- locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: Unknown; not MCZ 3614 as stated by Barbour and Loveridge, 1929, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 69(10):214. (1) Ameiva taeniura taeniura Cope Ameiva taeniura taeniura: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449); 72. Distribution. The northern and western portions of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from Marfranc east to Miragoane and vicinity; inland, in the eastern portion of its range, to the vicinity of Fond des Negres and St. Michel du Sud; Crosse Caye; specimens from He Petite Cayemite are tentatively referred to A. t. taeniura. (2) Ameiva taeniura aequorea Schwartz Ameiva taeniura aequorea Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6):353. Type-locality: Western end, lle-a-Vache, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81086. Distribution. lle-a-Vache. (3) Ameiva taeniura azuae Schwartz Ameiva taeniura azuae Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :361. Type-locality: 22 km NW Azua, Azua Province, Republica Dominicana. Holo- type: MCZ 81078. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (4) Ameiva taeniura barbouri Cochran Ameiva barbouri Cochran, 1928, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41:56. Type- locality: La Source, lie de la Gonave, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 25537. Ameiva taeniura barbouri: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449): 72. Distribution, lie de la Gonave and the vicinity of Trou Forban, Dept, de I'Ouest, Haiti. (5) Ameiva taeniura ignobilis Schwartz Ameiva taeniura ignobilis Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :365. Type-locality: 14.4 km E La Vega, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81081. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from south of Martm Garcia and La Vega in the west, east to the tip of the Peninsula de Samana; apparently also on the north coast at Puerto Plata but no recent records from that region. (6) Ameiva taeniura meyerabichi Mertens Ameiva taeniura meyerabichi Mertens, 1950, Senckenbergiana 31(1/2):4. Type- locality: Constanza, about 1200 meters. Cordillera Central, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 26542. Ameiva taeniura algida Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6);367. Type-locality: 1 mi. (1.6 km) WSW Constanza, 4000 feet (1220 meters). La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81082. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of Constanza in the Cordillera Central. (7) Ameiva taeniura navassae Schmidt Ameiva navassae Schmidt, 1919, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 41(12);524. Type- locality: Navassa Island. Holotype: AMNH 12607. Ameiva taeniura navassae: Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6):354. Distribution. Navassa Island. (8) Ameiva taeniura pentamerinthus Schwartz Ameiva taeniura pentamerinthus Schwartz, 1968, Herpetologica 24(1):21. Type- locality: Vicinity of Pointe Sable, He Grande Cayemite, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 92047. Distribution. He Grande Cayemite. (9) Ameiva taeniura regnatrix Schwartz Ameiva taeniura regnatrix Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :351. Type-locality: Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81072. Distribution. Extreme southwestern Tiburon Peninsula, Haiti, from Carrefour Canon and Camp Perrin in the west, east to the vicinity of Cavaillon. (10) Ameiva taeniura rosamondae Cochran Ameiva rosamondae Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:179. Type-locality: Isla Saona, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 37567. Ameiva taeniura rosamondae: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :72. Distribution. Isla Saona. (11) Ameiva taeniura tofacea Schwartz Ameiva taeniura tofacea Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :362. Type-locality: Mouth of Rio Chavon, west side. La Romana Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81079. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from Tres Ojos, Distrito Nacional, east to the mouth of the Rio Chavon; specimens from "Santo Domingo” and Tres Ojos may be assignable to a subspecies other than A. t. tofacea; a single specimen from "San Francisco Mountains, 2500 feet” is close to A. t. tofacea and may represent an interior locality for this subspecies. (12) Ameiva taeniura vafra Schwartz Ameiva taeniura vafra Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :363. Type-locality: 0.5 mi. (0.8 km) NW Boca de Yuma, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81080. Distribution. Extreme eastern Republica Dominicana, from the vicinity of Playa El Coco on the north coast, around Cabo Engal^o to the type-locality, all in La Altagracia Province. (13) Ameiva taeniura varica Schwartz Ameiva taeniura varica Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :355. Type-locality: Morne Calvaire, 1 mi. (1.6 km) SW P^tionville, 2300 feet (701 meters), Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81076. Distribution. Haiti; from Petit Goave to P^tionville on the north coast of the Tiburon Peninsula, into the uplands to Furcy and Belle Fontaine; on the south side of the Massif de la Selle from Terre Noire, 12 mi. SW jacmel, Bas Cap Rouge, and Marbial, east to between Cayes Jacmel and Marigot. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 5600 feet (Furcy). (14) Ameiva taeniura vulcanalis Schwartz Ameiva taeniura vulcanalis Schwartz, 1967, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 135(6) :358. Type-locality: 5 mi. (8 km) NE Oviedo, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81077. Distribution. From the vicinity of Saltrou, extreme southeastern Haiti, east across the Peninsula de Barahona (south of the Sierra de Baoruco but ascend- ing to moderate elevations in that range) in the Republica Dominicana to Oviedo; northward along the coast to Barahona and west along the north flank of the Sierra de Baoruco to El Naranjo, and to Soliette, 3.8 mi. NW Fond Verrettes, on the north face of the Massif de la Selle in Haiti, and east around the Bahia de Neiba to Punta Martm Garcia. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 2600 feet (Las Mercedes, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana). REMARKS. A. taeniura has also been collected (in Haiti) near Plaisance, Dondon, and Limbe, Dept, du Nord, at St. Michel de PAtalaye, Dept, de I’Artibonite, at Terre Rouge, 13 mi. S. Mirebalais, Dept, de POuest, and 11 mi. SW Seguin, Dept, de POuest, at 1400 feet on the southern slopes of the Massif de la Selle, and (in the Repijblica Dominicana) 1 km S Loma de Cabrera and Restauracion, Dajabon Province, near Rancho Arriba, Peravia Province, near Vallejuelo, San juan Province, southeast of Cambita Garabitas, San Cristobal Province, west of jayaco and southeast of Bonao, La Vega Province, and on Isla Catalina. Individuals of this species have been observed, but not collected, south of Villa Anacaona on the Carretera Internacional. The taxonomic status of all these populations remains unknown. There is also a possibility that A. taeniura from the Peninsula de Samana are not correctly associated with more interior A. t. ignobiUs, and the subspecies of A. taeniura east of the Rio Ozama along the southern Dominican coast as far as 14 km SE Boca Chica, San Pedro de Macorls Province, is uncertain. AMEIVA WETMOREI Ameiva wetmorei Stejneger, 1913, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 26:69. Type-locality: Above Rio Loco, Guanica, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 49731. Ameiva wetmorei eleanorae Grant and Roosevelt, 1932, j. Dept. Agr. Puerto Rico 16(1):48. Type-locality: Isla Caja de Muertos. Holotype: UMMZ 73861. Distribution. Southwestern Puerto Rico from Cabo Rojo east to Punta Ventana southwest of Guanica, north to 4 mi. E Sabana Grande and the type- locality; also the offshore islets of Magueyes and Caja de Muertos. ANOLIS ACUTUS Hallowell Anolis acutus Hallowell, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 18:228. Type- locality: "Cuba?" Restricted by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):23, to Christiansted, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Holotype: Unlocated; Barbour, 1930, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 70(3):112, stated that it was in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, but Malnate, 1971, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 123(9):345 did not list it, and Lazell (1972:23) was unable to locate the holotype. Anolis newtonii Gunther, 1859, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3(4):212. Type-locality: St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.12.44-.45, BMNH 1946.8.12.48-.49, BMNH 1946.8.12.55, ZMB 4239? Distribution. The St. Croix Bank: known from St. Croix, Buck I., Protestant Cay and Green Cay. Lazell (1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):25) stated,"... throughout St. Croix itself and on the coastal cays." 65 ANOLIS AENEUS Gray Anolis aeneus Gray, 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(5):114. Type-locality: Not given; restricted by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):79, to Pointe Saline, St. George Parish, Grenada. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.28.7. Anolis gentilis Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:34. Type-locality: Petite Martinique I., Grenadines. Syntypes: ANSP 23006, USNM 39295, MCZ 6163. Anolis roquet var. cinereus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:35. Type-locality: St. George, St. George's Parish, Grenada. Syntypes: MCZ 6182. Distribution. The Grenada Bank: Bequia I., lie Quatre, Battowia I., Baliceau I., Mustique I., Petite Mustique I., Savan I., Petite Cannouan I., Mayreau I., Catholic I., Tobago Cays, Union I., Prune I., Petite Martinique I., Middle Cay of Les Tantes Is., Kick 'em Jenny I., second westernmost of the Sisters of lle-a- Ronde, lle-a-Caille, Cabret I., Grenada and its satellites Sugarloaf I. (= Levera I.), Green I., Sandy I., and Glover I. Introduced on Trinidad (and Gasparee I.) and in Guyana. ANOLIS AHU Barbour Anolis ahli Barbour, 1925, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5:168. Type-locality: Electric plant, 1500 feet. Sierra de Trinidad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holo- type: MCZ 19905. Distribution. Cuba: Sierra de Trinidad, known from Salto de Hanabanilla, south of Manicaragua, San Bias, La Mariposa, Mina Carlota, Topes de Collantes, and west and north of Trinidad. REMARKS. A. ahli may be a subspecies of A. allogus; see REMARKS under the latter species. ANOLIS ALINIGER Mertens Anolis chloro-cyanus aliniger Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :66. Type-locality: Below Paso Bajito, about 900 meters elevation. La Vega Province, Republica Dominican. Holotype: SME 25825. Anolis aliniger: Williams, 1965, Breviora (227) :2. Distribution. Hispaniola: Republica Dominicana in the Cordillera Central ^ from the Dominico-Haitian border (south of Loma de Cabrera) east to the Rio Bao in Santiago Province, into the uplands of this range (Paso Bajito, La Palma, Constanza, Maldonado, Limoncito) and onto its southern face (Carpintero and San Jose de Ocoa); the Sierra de Neiba (between Las Matas de Farfan and El Cercado, northwest of Vallejuelo, east of Hondo Valle) in San Juan and La Estrelleta provinces; the Cordillera Septentrional (5 km N Puesto Grande); also in Haiti from Furcy on the Montagne Noire and For^t des Pins, Savane Zombi, and Thiotte on the Massif de la Selle. Altitudinal distribution from 1600 feet (Rio Bao) to 4000 feet (Constanza) in the Republica Dominicana, and between 2970 feet and 4225 feet in Haiti. Common in the Cordillera Central, less so in the Sierra de Neiba and the Cordillera Septentrional, and apparently rare in the Haitian mountains. ANOLIS ALUSONI Barbour Anolis allisoni Barbour, 1928, Proc. New England Zool. Club 10:58. Type-locality: Isla de Roatan, Islas de la Bahia, Honduras. Holotype: MCZ 26725. Distribution. Islas de la Bahfa (Isla de Roatan, Isla de Guanaja); Half Moon Cay and Turneffe Islands off the coast of Belize; in the Antilles, occurring on Cuba from Los Palos-Nueva Paz, Habana Province, the Penfnsula de Zapata, and Cardenas and Punta Hicacos, Matanzas Province, in the west, east to western Oriente Province (Birama, Omaja, San Ramon, Manzanillo). REMARKS. Hybridization between A. allisoni and A. porcatus occurs in the area around Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province, and apparently also in the vicinity of Gibara^ Oriente Province, although typical A. allisoni occurs in the area of Holguin and to the south of that city. For a comprehensive account of variation in the disjunct populations of A. allisoni, see Ruibal and Williams (1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 125(7):183-208). ANOLIS ALLOGUS Barbour and Ramsden Anolis allogus Barbour and Ramsden, 1919, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(2):159. Type-locality: Bueycito, near Bayamo (Sierra Maestra), Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 8544. Anolis abatus Ahl, 1924, Zool. Archiv. f. Naturgesch. 90:248. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 6965. Distribution. Cuba: from the Penmsula de Guanahacabibes (Vallecito de San juan) east through the Sierra de los Organos and the Sierra del Rosario to the Escaleras de jaruco (west of jaruco) in Pinar del Rio and Habana provinces; San Miguel de los Bagnos in Matanzas Province; San Felipe, Arroyo Blanco in Las Villas Province; Camaguey and Oriente provinces, from Loma de Cunagua and Moron in the west to the eastern tip of the island (Rio Ovando, Rm Yumari, Cabo Maisi). REMARKS. The relationships between A. allogus and A. ahli are not clear. Schwartz (1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4):140-184) considered them allopatric species. Freshly-collected specimens from San Felipe and San Miguel de los BalTos have dewlaps that more resemble those of ahli than allogus, and are intermediate geographically between the two species. Additionally, lizards from Salto de Hanabanilla (considered ahli by Schwartz, loc. cit.) occupy an ecological situation similar to that of allogus and behaviorally resemble the latter species. ANOLIS ALTAVELENSIS Noble and Hassler Anolis dominicensis altavelensis Noble and Hassler, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652) :9. Type-locality: Isla Alto Velo, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 51050. Anolis altavelensis: Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):258. Distribution. Isla Alto Velo ANOLIS ALUTACEUS Cope Anolis (Dracontura) alutaceus Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:212. Type-locality: Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba. Syntypes: MCZ 10932; questionably USNM 27485-87. 67 (1) Anolis alutaceus alutaceus Cope Anolis alutaceus alutaceus: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):124. Distribution. Central and eastern Cuba, from extreme northeastern Las Villas Province (San Jose del Lago; Mayajigua) throughout Camaguey and Oriente provinces. (2) Anolis alutaceus saltatus Peters Anolis alutaceus saltatus Peters, 1970, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 46(1) :217. Type- locality: Arroyo La Mariposa, Sierra de Trinidad, 4 km NW Topes de Collantes, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 41868. Distribution. Western Cuba, from Pinar del Rio Province east to the vicinity of the type-locality. REMARKS. A. alutaceus also occurs on the Isla de Pinos, but the latest reviser of the species (Peters, op. cit.) did not assign the Isla de Pinos specimens to subspecies. On zoogeographic grounds they probably pertain to A. alutaceus saltatus. ANOLIS ANGUSTICEPS Hallowell Anolis augusticeps (sic) Hallowell, 1856, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 8:228. Type-locality: Cienfuegos, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: ANSP 7789. (1) Anolis angusticeps angusticeps Hallowell Anolis angusticeps angusticeps: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):128. Distribution. Cuba; islandwide primarily at low elevations; Isla de Pinos south of the Cj,enaga de Lanier (known only from the vicinity of Punta del Este); Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo Lanzanillo, Cayo Frances, Cayo las Brujas, Cayo Santa Maria, Cayo Guillermo); Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Cantiles); Cayos de San Felipe (Cayo Real, Cayo de San Felipe). (2) Anolis angusticeps oligaspis Cope Anolis oligaspis Cope, 1894, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46:430. Type- locality: New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: ANSP 26119. Anolis angusticeps oligaspis: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):128. Anolis angusticeps chickcharneyi Oliver, 1948, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1383) :2. Type-locality: Western end of South Bimini Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 68620. Distribution. Bahama Is.: North Bimini I., South Bimini I., Andros I., Berry Is. (Frazer’s Hog Cay), New Providence I., Eleuthera I., Great Exuma I., Long I., Cat. I. ANOLIS ARGENTEOLUS Cope Anolis (Gastrotropis) argenteolus Cope, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:213. Type-locality: Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: Formerly in USNM, now lost. Distribution. Cuba: known from southeastern Camaguey Province (northeast of Santa Cruz del Sur) and Oriente Province (Cabo Cruz to mouth of Rio Yumuri); not restricted to coastal localities since recorded from Bueycito, Miranda, Pinares de Mayan, Monte Iberia, Duaba Arriba, and Los Negros in Oriente Province, in the northern foothills of, and north of, the Sierra Maestra. ANGUS ARGILLACEUS Cope Anolis (Acantholis) argillaceus Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:176. Type-locality: Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: Formerly in USNM, now lost. Distribution. Cuba; islandwide, although apparently most abundant in Oriente Province; Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo las Brujas, Cayo Santa Maria); Isla de Pinos (Sierra de Casas, Nueva Gerona). ANOLIS BAHORUCOENSIS Noble and Hassler Anolis bahorucoensis Noble and Flassler, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652):11. Type-locality: Valle de Polo, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holo- type: AMNH 51128. Anolis hendersoni baharucoensis (sic): Williams, 1963, Breviora (186) :6, Distribution. Hispaniola: the Sierra de Baoruco in the Republica Dominicana, west to the region between Pedernales and Los Arroyos on the Dominico- Haitian border, and into southeastern Haiti on the southern slopes of the Massif de la Selle (road to Saltrou; 4 mi. SW Seguin). Altitudinal distribution from 150 feet (6.4 km SW La Cienaga) to 4600 feet (3 km NE Los Arroyos). ANGUS BALEATUS Cope Eupristis baleatus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 16:168. Type- locality: Santo Domingo; restricted by Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):119, to the vicinity of Puerto Plata, Puerto Plata Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.29.22. Anolis ricordii baleatus: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :68. Anolis baleatus: Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2) :119. (1) Anolis baleatus baleatus Cope Anolis baleatus baleatus: Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):119. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Republica Dominicana in the Cordillera Septentrional and the northern coastal plain, from Puerto Plata, Espaillat, and Santiago provinces; although known only in the Cordillera Septentrional from north of Puesto Grande, presumably more widely distributed. Specimens from Los Bracitos, Duarte Province, in the eastern portion of the range apparently are not A. b. baleatus. (2) Anolis baleatus caeruleolatus Schwartz Anolis baleatus caeruleolatus Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2) :126. Type-locality: 1.0 mi. (1.6 km) S CarTo Abajo, Marla Trinidad Sanchez Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 193976. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; in the northeast from Duarte, Sanchez Ramirez, La Vega, and northern and eastern San Cristobal provinces to the base of the Penmsula de Samana; intergrades with A. b. scelestus in the region of El Seibo Province. (3) Anolis baleatus fraudator Schwartz Anolis baleatus fraudator Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):139. Type-locality: 4 km W, 6 km N Azua, Azua Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 193978. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Sierra Martm Garcia in Barahona and Azua provinces, and along the southern slopes of the Cordillera Central and the Sierra de Ocoa in Azua and Peravia provinces. (4) Anolis baleatus litorisilva Schwartz Anolis baleatus litorisilva Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2) ;133. Type-locality: 1.2 km SSW Punta Cana, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 193977. Distribution. Extreme eastern Republica Dominicana in La Altagracia Province, from Punta Cana to the vicinity of Boca de Yuma. (5) Anolis baleatus multistruppus Schwartz Anolis baleatus multistruppus Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2);121. Type-locality: Guaigui, 3 mi. (4.8 km) S La Vega, La Vega Province, 300 feet (92 meters), Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 193975. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the lower eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central and associated lowlands, from the type-locality in the north to south- east of Piedra Blanca in the south; questionably reported from northern slopes of the Cordillera Central at the Rio Bao near Los Montones. (6) Anolis baleatus samanae Schwartz Anolis baleatus samanae Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2) :130. Type-locality: 7.6 mi. (12.2 km) NE s/nchez, 1000 feet (305 meters), Samana Province, Repi^blica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 54105. Distribution. The Peninsula de Samana in the Republica Dominicana, and apparently islets in the Bahia de Samana (Cayo Hondo). (7) Anolis baleatus scelestus Schwartz Anolis baleatus scelestus Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):135. Type-locality: 5.1 mi. (8.2 km) E Santo Domingo (from Rio Ozama), Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 54106. Distribution. Southeastern Republica Dominicana, from the Sierra de Yamasa and vicinity of Santo Domingo in the west, to the region about Higuey and Las Lisas, La Altagracia Province, in the east. (8) Anolis baleatus sublimis Schwartz Anolis baleatus sublimis Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2);124. Type-locality: 0.3 mi. (0.5 km) E El Rio, 3800 feet (1159 meters). La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 54104. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; uplands of the Cordillera Central in the area between El Rio, La Palma, and Manabao. Altitudinal distribution between 2000 feet and 4000 feet. REMARKS. A. baleatus is also known from Rancho Arriba, Peravia Province, and Isla Saona, Republica Dominicana; both populations remain unassigned subspecifically. ANOLIS BARACOAE Schwartz Anolis equestris baracoae Schwartz, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(12):419. Type-locality: Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 57404. Anolis baracoae: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Eauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):66. ^ Distribution. Cuba; extreme eastern Oriente Province, east of a line drawn between Nuevo Mundo south of Moa and Cabo Maisi. ANOLIS BARAHONAE Will iams Anolis ricordii barahonae Williams, 1962, Breviora (155) :8. Type-locality: Polo, Valle de Polo, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 43819. Anolis barahonae: Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):114. (1) Anolis barahonae barahonae Williams Anolis barahonae barahonae: Schwartz, 1974, Bull, Mus. Comp, Zool. 146(2):114. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; Sierra de Baoruco and associated south- eastern lowlands immediately adjacent to that range; also the extreme eastern portion of the Massif de la Selle in the Republica Dominicana (13 mi. N. Pedernales). Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3200 feet. (2) Anolis barahonae albocellatus Schwartz Anolis barahonae albocellatus Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):117. Type-locality: 13.1 mi. (21.0 km) SW Enriquillo, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 125611. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality, but expected in xeric woods on the Peninsula de Barahona. ANOLIS BARTSCHI Cochran Deiroptyx bartschi Cochran, 1928, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41:169. Type-local- ity: BalTos San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: USNM 75805. Anolis bartschi: Etheridge, 1960, Univ. Microfilms Inc. Ph. D. thesis:93 (by inference). Distribution. Western Cuba in Pinar del Rm Province, from vicinity of Isabel Rubio northeast to the type-locality; primarily restricted to upland localities in the Sierra de los Organos. ANOLIS BIMACULATUS Sparrman Lacerta bimaculata Sparrman, 1784, Nya Handl. Sven. Vet. Acad. Stockholm 5:169. Type-locality: St. Eustatius. Holotype: In the Museum de Geer Royal, Stockholm {fide Barbour, 1930, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 70(3):116). Anolis bimaculata: Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:29. (1) Anolis bimaculatus bimaculatus Sparrman Anolis edwardsii Merrem, 1820, Tentamen Syst. Amp. :45. Type-locality: Nevis. Holotype: Un located. Anolis reticulatus Gray, 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(5):114. Type-locality: Unknown. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.29.10. Anolis mayeri Fowler, 1918, Publ. Carnegie Inst. Washington (252) :8. Type- locality: Virgin Islands (in error). Holotype: PU 3151. Anolis bimaculatus bimaculatus: Underwood, 1959, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 121(5):197. Distribution. St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, and Nevis. (2) Anolis bimaculatus leachi Dumeril and Bibron Anolis leachii Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. cSi. 4:153. Type-locality: "Antilles”; restricted by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):52, to St. John's, St. John Parish, Antigua. Holotype: MNHN 2454. Anolis antiquae Barbour, 1915, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 28:74. Type- locality: St. John's, St. John Parish, Antigua. Holotype: MCZ 10624. Anolis barbudensis Barbour, 1923, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (132):4. Type-locality: Barbuda. Holotype: MCZ 16167. Anolis bimaculatus leachi: Underwood, 1959, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 121(5):198. 71 Distribution. Barbuda, Antigua and its satellites Great Bird I., Long I., Green I., and York I.; introduced on Bermuda. ANOUS BREMERI Barbour Anolis bremeri Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :288. Type-locality: Herradura, Pinar del Rm Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 7889. (1) Anolis bremeri bremeri Barbour Anolis bremeri bremeri: Garrido, 1972, Caribbean J. Sci. 12(1/2) :62. Distribution. Western Cuba in Pinar del Rm Province, from La Fe and Cayuco in the west to south of Taco Taco in the east. (2) Anolis bremeri insulaepinorum Garrido Anolis bremeri insulaepinorum Garrido, 1972, Caribbean J. Sci. 12(1/2);63. Type-locality: Hotel Colony, La Siguanea, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: IZ 1626. Distribution. Isla de Pinos, north of the Cienaga de Lanier. ANOUS BREVIROSTRIS Bocourt Anolis brevirostris Bocourt, 1870, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Paris 6:11. Type- locality: Haiti. Syntypes: MNHN 2467. (1) Anolis brevirostris brevirostris Bocourt Anolis brevirostris brevirostris: Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):257 (by inference). Distribution. Hispaniola: in Haiti from the Dept, du Nord Quest (Mole St. Nicholas) and northwestern Dept, de TArtibonite (Marche aux Poteaux; between GonaTves and Ennery), south along the coast of the Golfe de la Gonave and east into the Cul de Sac Plain and the Dominican Valle de Neiba east to the Llanos de Azua (Limonal, Peravia Province) and onto the southern slopes of the Sierra de Ocoa; also the Valle de San Juan to near the Dominico-Haitian border at 1.5 mi. NW El Llano, La Estrelleta Province; the Peninsula de Barahona and southern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco and along the southern coast of the Haitian Tiburon Peninsula west to jacmel; apparently isolated populations near je^relnie, at Grand Boucan on the Presqutle de Baraderes, and near Leogane on the northern ^hore of the Tiburon Peninsula. Altitudinal distribution from sea level and below (vicinity of Duverge) in the Valle de Neiba to about 3000 feet (Sierra Martm Garcia), but generally ranging to no more than 2300 feet. (2) Anolis brevirostris caudalis Cochran Anolis dominincensis caudalis Cochran, 1932, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 45:185. Type-locality: Nan Cafe, He de la Gonave, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 76801. Anolis brevirostris caudalis: Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :257. Distribution, lie de la Gonave and He de la Petite Gonave. (3) Anolis brevirostris wetmorei Cochran Anolis dominicensis wetmorei Cochran, 1931, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 44:89. Type-locality: Isla Beata, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 83881. Anolis brevirostris wetmorei: Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):257. Distribution. Isla Beata. 72 REMARKS. Webster and Burns (1973, Evolution 27(3): 268-377) showed that most of the Haitian range herein ascribed to A. b. brevirostris actually represents three distinct species, but these entities remain unnamed. Their analysis does not include details of the widespread Dominican populations of A. brevirostris. Even casual examination of both Dominican and Haitian specimens shows often striking differences in expression of the pair of black shoulder patches and dewlap coloration, and we have no doubt that there are several species and subspecies presently included under A. brevirostris. The apparently extremely disjunct populations at Grand Boucan and jeVemie are especially puzzling. ANOLrS BRUNNEUS Cope Anolis principalis brunneus Cope, 1895, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46:432. Type-locality: Crooked Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: ANSP 26118. Anolis brunneus: Barbour, 1910, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 23:99. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Crooked I., Acklin's I., Fortune I., Castle I., East Plana Cay. ANOLIS CENTRALIS Peters Anolis agrillaceus (sic) centralis Peters, 1970, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 46(1):215. Type-locality: Victoria de las Tunas, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 41616. Anolis centralis: Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (142) :9. (1) Anolis centralis centralis Peters Anolis centralis centralis: Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (142) :11. Distribution. Cuba; Camaguey Province, from the Sierra de Cubitas (Los Paredones), 9 km W Camaguey, and Playa Santa Lucia, to eastern Oriente Province (Gibara in the north and Bayamo in the south). (2) Anolis centralis litoralis Garrido Anolis centralis litoralis Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (142) :1 2. Type-locality: Vicinity of Versalles, Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 3472. Distribution. Cuba; known with certainty only from the vicinity of Santiago de Cuba (Puerto Boniato, La Socapa). Specimens from inland localities (La Gran Piedra, RTo Negro, San Carlos, Loma de Macambo west of Yacabo, El Cobre, Alto Songo, Monte Lfbano, Bayate, Loma del Cardero) and coastal localities to the east (U.S. Naval Base, Baitiquiri) are not presently assigned to either subspecies, although they are closest geographically to A. c. litoralis. ANOLIS CHLOROCYANUS Dumeril and Bibron Anolis chloro-cyanus Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Cen. 4:117. Type-locality: Martinique (in error) and St.-Domingue. Syntypes: MNHN 785, MNHN 787. (1) Anolis chlorocyanus chlorocyanus Dumeril and Bibron Anolis chloro-cyanus chloro-cyanus: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449):62. Anolis laeviceps Lichtenstein, 1856, Nomen. Rept. Amph. Mus. Berolinensis:?. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: unlocated. Anolis chloro-cyanus peynadoi Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :65. Type-locality: South of Fondo Negro, lower Rio Yaque del Sur, Barahona Province, Repiiblica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 26201. 73 Distribution. Hispaniola: north of the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain except as noted for A. ch. cyanostictus, but locally extending to the southern edge of the plain (Banos de la Surza, Independencia Province) and onto northern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco (Puerto Escondido); an apparently introduced population in the Massif de la Selle near Savane Zombi, Haiti; lie de la Gonave; lie de la Tortue; Isla Saona. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3500 feet (8-9 km W Marmelade, De^’pt. de T Artibonite, Haiti). (2) Anolis chlorocyanus cyanostictus Mertens Anolis chloro-cyanus cyanostictus Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :64. Type-locality: Between Fortaleza and the mouth of the Rio Haina, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 26290. Distribution. South-central Republica Dominicana, but range poorly under- stood; recorded from west of the Rm Ozama (Santo Domingo) to the region of San Cristobal as far west as Sabana Grande de Palenque and onto the southern slopes of the Cordillera Central (6 km NW Cambita Garabitas), and north to Villa Altagracia. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 1600 feet (NW of Cambita Garabitas). ANOLIS CHRISTOPHEI Williams Anolis cbristopbei Williams, 1960, Breviora (117):2. Type-locality: At or near the Citadelle of King Christophe, Cap-HaVtien, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 25485. Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti, known from the type-locality and 8-9 km W Marmelade, Dept, de TArtibonite; in the Republica Dominicana, centering in moderate elevations of the Cordillera Central, from Rio Bao in the north- west to the vicinity of Jarabacoa and Paso Bajito, south to 11.1 km W jayaco and 15.7 km SW Piedra Blanca, and onto southern slopes of this range at 2.1 km SE El Cacao, San Cristobal Province; also occurring north- west of Rio Limpio in La Estrelleta Province and in the Cordillera Septentrional north of Puesto Grande, and on the Dominico-Haitian border in Dajabon Province (14 km S Loma de Cabrera). Altitudinal distribution from 1200 feet (2.1 km SE El Cacao, San Cristobal Province) to 4250 feet (6 km W Constanza, La Vega Province). ANOLIS CLIVICOLA Barbour and Shreve Anolis clivicolus Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:251. Type-locality: Loma Cardero, Pico Turquino, 4000 feet - 6000 feet, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 39664. Anolis clivicola: Schwartz and Garrido, 1971, Caribbean J. Sci. 11 (1/2):11. Distribution. Cuba; known only from higher elevations (presumably above 4000 feet) in the Sierra Maestra (Pico Turquino and its affiliates) and the Sierra del Cobre (Peladero, El Cobre). ANOLIS COELESTINUS Cope Anolis (Ctenocercus) coelestinus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:177. Type-locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntype: MCZ 3347; others not located. Anolis latirostris Schmidt, 1919, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 41(12):521. Type- locality: "Navassa Island;" see Thomas, 1966, J. Ohio Herpetological Soc. 5(3):79, for allocation of name. Holotype: AMNH 12598. (1) Anolis coelestinus coelestinus Cope Anolis coelestinus coelestinus: Schwartz, 1969, Caribbean J. Sci. 9(1/2):34. Distribution. Hispaniola: Haiti and the Republica Dominicana south of the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain, but occurring within the Cul de Sac Plain occasion- ally (Damien, Dept, de TOuest, Haiti).. Altitudinal distribution from sea leavel to 5600 feet (Furcy) and perhaps even higher. (2) Anofis coelestinus demissus Schwartz Anolis coelestinus demissus Schwartz, Caribbean J. Sci. 9(1/2):35. Type- locality: Vicinity of Pointe Sable, He Grande Cayemite, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 92049. Distribution. He Grande Cayemite. (3) Anolis coelestinus pecuarius Schwartz Anolis coelestinus pecuarius Schwartz, 1969, Caribbean J. Sci. 9(1/2):34. Type- locality: Western end, He-a-Vache, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81141. Distribution. Ile'a-Vache. . ANOLIS CONCOLOR Cope Anolis (Gastrotropis) concolor Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:180. Type-locality: Nicaragua (evidently in error); restricted to Isla San Andres, Colombia, by Corn and Dalby, 1973, J. Herp. 7(2):70. Syntypes: USNM 6055, MCZ 22341. Distribution. Known from Isla San Andres and Haines Key — "nearby cays” (to San Andres) according to Corn and Dalby (1973, J. Herp. 7(2):70). ANOLIS CONSPERSUS Carman Anolis conspersus Carman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:273. Type-locality: Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 23009, MCZ 6021, USNM 39292. (1) Anolis conspersus conspersus Carman Anolis conspersus conspersus: Grant, 1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 2:21. Distribution. According to Grant (op. cit., by inference), the western half of Grand Cayman west of the road between Frank Sound and Old Man Bay; also Booby Cay in Great Sound, Grand Cayman. (2) Anolis conspersus lewisi Grant Anolis conspersus lewisi Grant, 1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 2:21. Type- locality: Interior of the east end of Grand Cayman. Holotype: MCZ 45106. Distribution. The eastern half of Grand Cayman east of the road between Frank Sound and Old Man Bay. REMARKS. We have followed Grant (op. c/f.jin stating the ranges of the subspecies; however, there is some evidence that the ranges are not so clearly delimitable. The subspecies of A. conspersus may not be recognizable. ANOLIS COOKI Grant Anolis cristatellus cooki Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3) :221. Type- locality: Punta Brea, southwestern Puerto Rico. Holotype: UMMZ 73645. Anolis cooki: Thomas, 1966, Breviora (249) :3. Distribution. Southwestern Puerto Ri^o from Cabo Rojo east to the Reserva Forestal de Guanica southeast of Guanica, and Isla Caja de Muertos off the central south coast of Puerto Rico. REMARKS. Gorman, Thomas, and Atkins (1968, Breviora (293):1-13) presented evidence for the specific status of A. cooki. ANOLIS CRISTATELLUS Dumeril and Bibron Anolis cristatellus Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:143. Type-locality: "Martinique” (in error). Syntypes: MNHN 2353, MNHN 2447. (1) Anolis cristatellus cristatellus Dumeril and Bibron Anolis cristatellus cristatellus: Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3) :220. Distribution. Virtually ubiquitous in Puerto Rico; absent or restricted ecologically at higher elevations; found on Isla Desecheo, Isla Caja de Muertos, Cayo Santiago, Cayo Cardona, and Cayo Batata. Introduced in the Republica Dominicana (La Romana east to at least the Rio Dulce, La Romana Province), Florida (Biscayne Key, Dade County), and Costa Rica. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to at least 2800 feet (Reserva Forestal de Maricao). (2) Anolis cristatellus wileyae Grant Anolis cristatellus wileyi Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3):220. Type- locality: Isla Culebra. Holotype: MCZ 34792. Distribution. The islands of the eastern portion of the Puerto Rico Bank: Isla Vieques, Isla Culebra, Isla Culebrita, St. Thomas and satellites (Savana I., Dutchman Cap, Salt Cay, Saba I., Saba Rock, Water I., Buck I., Hassel I., Bovoni Cay, Rotto Cay, Patricia Cay, Cas Cay, Prickly Pear I., Great St. James I., Little St. James I., Dog I., Thatch Cay, Hans Lollik I., Inner Brass I., Outer Brass I., Cockroach I.), Grass Cay, Mingo Cay, Congo Cay, Lovango Cay, St. John and satellites (Stephen I., Waterlemon Cay, Ramgoat Cay, Rata Cay, Leduck I., Flanagan I., Congo Rock), Jost Van Dyke, Tortola, Cooper I., Salt I., Peter I., Guana I., Great Camanoe I., Beef I., Dead Man’s Chest, Fallen Jerusalem, Virgin Gorda (including Mosquito I.), Necker I., and Anegada. REMARKS. Populations of A. cristatellus, apparently intermediate between A. c. cristatellus and A. c. wileyae, occur on the islets just east of Puerto Rico (Cayo Icacos, Cayo La Llave, Cayo Palominito, Isla Pmeros). Grant (op.cit.) noted that A. c. wileyae occurred on cays adjoining Culebra but, aside from Culebrita, did not specify which cays. Variation in A. cristatellus throughout its range remains to be more fully described. As a matter of convenience we have included all island records from Culebra and Vieques to Anegada under A. c. wileyae, though we have not seen material from many of them. ANOLIS CUPEYALENSIS Peters Anolis cyanopleurus cupeyalensis Peters, 1970, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 46(1):225. Type-locality: Cupeyal, Sierra de Magueg (sic; = Sierra de Maguey), eastern Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 41059. Anolis cupeyalensis: Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143) :20. Distribution. Cuba; known from Cupeyal, La Prenda, and Guayabal de Yateras and the Sierra de Nipe (Pinares de Mayari*) in Oriente Province, and San Felipe, Arroyo Blanco, to the northeast of Jatibonico, near the Las Villas-Camaguey province boundary. Las Villas Province. REMARKS. The Jatibonico material appears to differ at a subspecific level from specimens taken in the Sierra de Nipe-Sierra del Cristal. 76 ANOLIS CUVIERI Merrem Anolis cuvieri Merrem, 1820, Tentamen Syst. Amph. :45. Type-locality: Jamaica (in error). Holotype: Unlocated. Anolis volifcr Cuvier, 1829, Regne Animal., ed. 2, 2:29. Type-locality: Jamaica (in error). Holotype: MNHN 6799. Distribution. Puerto Rico; known from relatively few, widely scattered localities throughout the island, possibly absent from the southern coastal region. Altitudinal distribution from sea level at Luquillo to 3400 feet (10.6 km SSE Villa Perez). Records for Vieques and Tortola (Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:208; Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren. K^benhaven: 260) have remained unverified for over a century. ANOLIS CYANOPLEURUS Cope Anolis (Dracontura) cyanopleurus Cope, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:211. Type-locality: Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba; restricted by Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143):3, to La Prenda, in the jurisdiction of Yateras, Oriente Province, Cuba. Syntypes: USNM 62068-70. (1) Anolis cyanopleurus cyanopleurus Cope Anolis cyanopleurus cyanopleurus: Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143) :8. Distribution. Oriente Province, Cuba; known from various localities in the vicinity of “Monte Verde" (La Alcachofa, La Prenda, Guayabal de Yateras, La Gloria, Cabeza del CalTadon de Cistula Mackinley), to the east in the area about El Yunque de Baracoa (El Yunque, Rio Duaba, Rio Toa, Baracoa), and to the west at La Municion, Cupeyal, and Bayate. (2) Anolis cyanopleurus orientalis Garrido Anolis cyanopleurus orientalis Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143) :16. Type-locality: The vicinity of Punta de Maisi, Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1564. Distribution. Known from the type-locality and the upper Rio Ovando near Maisi, at elevations between 1000 feet and 2000 feet. REMARKS. There are specimens of A. cyanopleurus from north of Imias and Cuchillas de Guajimero which may pertain to orientalis but which are presently unassigned subspecifically. ANOLIS CYBOTES Cope Anolis cybotes Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:177. Type-locality: Near Jer^mie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: ANSP 7604-05, MCZ 3619, MCZ 14346-47. (1) Anolis cybotes cybotes Cope Anolis riisei Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vid. Med. Nat. Foren. K^benhavn (1862) :264. Type-locality: Haiti. Syntypes: UZM R. 3796-97; ? ZMB 4439. Anolis citrinellus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 16:170. Type- locality: Santo Domingo. Holotype: BMNH 1948.8.5.71. Anolis cybotes cybotes: Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:186. Anolis cybotes saxatilis Mertens, 1938, Senckenber^iana 20(5) :334. Type- locality: South of Fondo Negro, region of lower Rio Yaque del Sur, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 25032. 77 Distribution. Hispaniola: widespread in both Haiti and the Republica Dominicana with the exceptions of the following subspecies (see RE- MARKS); lle-a-Vache; He de la Tortue; Isla Catalina; Isla Saona; He Grande Cayemite; apparently successfully introduced in the vicinity of Miami, Dade County, Florida. (2) Anolis cybotes armouri Cochran Audantia armouri Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:171. Type-locality: Pic la Selle, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 37523. Anolis cybotes armouri: Williams, 1963, Breviora (197) :8. Distribution. Apparently the uplands of the Massif de la Selle and the Sierra de Baoruco, in Haiti and the Republica Dominicana above about 3500 feet (3.8 mi. SW Seguin, Haiti); said by Williams (1963, Breviora (197):4), to intergrade with A. c. cybores in the vicinity of Furcy on the Montagne Noire, but not intergrading with this taxon in the Sierra de Baoruco north of Cabo Rojo. (3) Anolis cybotes doris Barbour Anolis doris Barbour, 1925, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 38:101. Type-locality: He de la Gonave, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 13739. Anolis cybotes doris: Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:168. Distribution. He de la Gonave. (4) Anolis cybotes haetianus Garman, new combination Anolis haetianus Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:42. Type-locality: Tiburon, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: MCZ 6191. Distribution. Haiti, the extreme western tip of the Tiburon Peninsula, from the type-locality northeast to the vicinity of jeremie and onto northern slopes of the Massif de la Hotte south of Marche Leon and Rampe des Lions. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3400 feet. REMARKS. Probably no other Hispaniolan anole more requires detailed analysis than A. cybotes. Within the range of A. c. cybotes are several geo- graphic variants that are almost certainly nameworthy, including those from both Isla Catalina and Isla Saona. The relationships of the taxa cybotes and armouri are poorly understood; in the Sierra de Baoruco, these forms replace each other ecologically and altitudinally, but they seem to inter- grade on the Montagne Noire. The distribution of haetianus is poorly understood since specimens of haetianus occur near and at the type-locality of A. c. cybotes (jeremie). It seems probable that cybotes, armouri, and haetianus are distinct species, and that there are several unnamed sub- species of A. cybotes (sensu stricto). ANOLIS DARLINCTONI Cochran Xiphocercus darlingtoni Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6) :373. Type-locality: Roche Croix, Massif de la Hotte, about 5000 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 38251. Anolis darlingtoni: Williams, 1962, Breviora (164) :1. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. ANOLIS DISTICHUS Cope Anolis distichus Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:208. Type- locality: New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 7780-87. (1) Anolis distichus distichus Cope Anolis distichus distichus: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):125. Distribution. Bahama Islands: New Providence I., Exuma Cays (Warderick Wells Cay, Staniel Cay, Darby Cay, Little Exuma I., Great Exuma I.,), Long I., Ragged Is. (Great Ragged I., Little Ragged I.); specimens from Cat I. are considered intermediate between the subspecies distichus, dapsilis, and odor (see Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):273-274). The subspecific status of the Ragged Is. specimens is questionable. (2) Anolis distichus aurifer Schwartz Anolis distichus aurifer Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):291. Type-locality: 11 km N Cavaillon, 1300 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81135. Distribution. Haiti; known from the type-locality, Pourcine, Trou Bois, and Paillant, on the north and south flanks of the Massif de la Hotte near the tip of the Tiburon Peninsula and east to Paillant near Miragoane, but assumed to occur from southeast of Jeremie east to the vicinity of St. Michel du Sud, where aurifer intergrades with dominicensis. (3) Anolis distichus biminiensis Oliver Anolis distichus biminiensis Oliver, 1948, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1383) :16. Type-locality: Western end of South Bimini Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 68640. Distribution. Bahama Is.: South Bimini I. (4) Anolis distichus dapsilis Schwartz Anolis distichus dapsilis Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :270. Type-locality: Ocean side opposite Hatchet Bay, Eleuthera Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 81139. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Eleuthera I. (5) Anolis distichus distichoides Rosen Anolis distichoides Rosen, 1911, Lunds Univ. Arsskrft. 7(5) :29. Type-locality: Mastic Point and Stanniard Creek, Andros Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: presumed to be in the Zool. Mus. Univ. Lund. Anolis distichus distichoides: Barbour, 1937, Bull Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2) :125. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Andros I., Berry Is. (Frazer’s Hog Cay, Great Harbour Cay). (6) Anolis distichus dominicensis Reinhardt and Lutken Anolis dominicensis Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vid. Med. Nat. Foren. Kj^benhavn (1862):261. Type-locality: Haiti; restricted by Schwartz, 1968, BujI. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):274, to the vicinity of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Syntypes: UZM 37114-15. Anolis biauritus Meerwarth, 1901, Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg 18:23. Type-locality: Haiti. Syntypes: HZM 1486a-c. Anolis distichus dominicensis: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):126. Anolis distichus albidogularis Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :59. Type-locality: Monte Cristi, Monte Gristi Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype. SMF 25855. Distribution. Hispaniola: throughout Haiti except for the Tiburon Peninsula west of Miragoane (precise limits along the southern coast of the Tiburon Peninsula at the longitude of Miragoane unknown); the Republica Dominicana in extreme western Pedernales Province on the south, through extreme western Independencia Province, east through San Juan Province to nor^thern La Vega Province (jarabacoa), Sanchez Ramirez Province (Cotuf), San Cristobal Province (Gonzalo), and Samana Province (mouth of Rio Yuna), and north to the northern coast in Maria Trinidad Sanchez Province (Cabrera), but excluding the Peninsula de Samana; possibly lie de la Tortue; intergradation with /\. d. ignigularis in the eastern uplands of the Cordillera Central; an apparently isolated population in Azua Province between Los Toros and Tabara Abajo, and another southwest of Barahona, Barahona Province. (7) Anolis distichus favillarum Schwartz Anolis distichus favillarum Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) ;289. Type-locality: 3 km NE Las Auyamas, 3300 feet, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81133. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Sierra de Baoruco, at elevations between 2300 feet and 3700 feet; apparently restricted to the eastern portion of that range and not known to intergrade with A. d. dominicensis to the west. (8) Anolis distichus ignigularis Mertens Anolis distichus ignigularis Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :58. Type-locality: San Pedro de Macons, San Pedro de Macons Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 25694. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from eastern San Cristobal Province in the west, east along the coast to the type-locality, inland to the vicinity of Higuey and to the north coast (east of Miches) in La Altagracia Province; along the north coast to the Bahia de San Lorenzo in El Seibo Province, south into eastern San Cristobal Province (Bayaguana), and west into the Cordillera Central; Peninsula de Samana, west to the vicinity of Yayales. (9) Anolis distichus juliae Cochran Anolis dominicensis juliae Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:169. Type-locality: lle-VVache, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 37517. Anolis distichus juliae: Barbour, 1937, Bull Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :126. Distribution. Ile-Vvache. (10) Anolis distichus odor Schwartz Anolis distichus odor Schwartz, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :271. Type- locality: Port Nelson, Rum Cay, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 81140. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Rum Cay, San Salvador I. including Man Head Cay and Green Cay. (11) Anolis distichus patrueiis Schwartz Anolis distichus patrueiis Schwartz, 1968, Bull Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :297. Type-locality: Vicinity of Pointe Sable, Me Grande Cayemite, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81138. Distribution, lie Grande Cayemite and possibly lie Petite Cayemite. (12) Anolis distichus properus Schwartz Anolis distichus properus Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):282. Type-locality: 0.5 mi. NW Boca de Yuma, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81130. 80 Distribution. Eastern Republica Dominicana, from La Romana Province (Rio Cumayasa) on the west, east and north around Cabo Engano to the vicinity of El Macao; intergrades with d. ignlgularis northeast of La Romana, south of Higuey, and at El Macao. (13) Anolis distichus ravitergum Schwartz Anolis distichus ravitergum Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :287. Type-locality: 16.5 mi. S San Jose de Ocoa, 500 feet, Peravia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81132. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Valle de Neiba and Llanos de Azua, from the vicinity of Duverge east to the vicinity of Sabana Grande de Palenque, San Cristobal Province; possibly intergrading with A. d. dominicensis at Padre las Casas, Azua Province, but not known to intergrade with A. d. favillarum. Intergradation between A. d. ravitergum and A. d. ignigularis occurs between Paya and the Rio Nizao in extreme southern Peravia Province, but specimens from farther east (Sabana Grande de Palenque) appear typical A. d. ravitergum. (14) Anolis distichus sejunctus Schwartz Anolis distichus sejunctus Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):284. Type-locality: Environs of Mano Juan, Isla Saona, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81131. Distribution. Isla Saona. (15) Anolis distichus suppar Schwartz Anolis distichus suppar Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Com.p. Zool. 137(2) :295. Type-locality: Dame-Marie, south side of town along coast, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81137. Distribution. Haiti; the extreme western tip of the Tiburon Peninsula, from Dame-Marie east to jeremie, south on northern slopes of the Massif de la Hotte in the vicinity of Marche Leon, and around the tip of the peninsula to Cantin between Port-a-Piment and Coteaux. Intergrades between A. d. aurifer and A. d. suppar occur at Roseaux on the north coast. (16) Anolis distichus tostus Schwartz Anolis distichus tostus Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :286. Type- locality: Isla Catalina, western end, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81134. Distribution. Isla Catalina. (17) Anolis distichus vinosus Schwartz Anolis distichus vinosus Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2):293. Type-locality: Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81136. Distribution. Haiti; southern slopes of the Massif de la Hotte from Camp Perrin (and Tombeau Cheval?) and Les Platons, south to Les Cayes and west onto the Presqu'tle du Port-Salut to Chevalier, north of Roche-a-Bateau; inter- grades with A. d. aurifer at Cavaillon and Plaine Martin between Catiche and Duchity, and with A. d. suppar at Gadouard between Roche-a-Bateau and CSteaux. REMARKS. Another subspecies, A. d. floridanus Smith and McCauley, occurs along the extreme southeastern Florida coast. ANOLIS DOLICHOCEPHALUS Williams, new combination Anolis hendersoni dolichocephalus Williams, 1963, Breviora (186) :8. Type-locality: Place Negre, near jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 64510. Distribution. Hispaniola: the distal portion of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from Dame-Marie to 13 km N Cavaillon, including both north and south slopes of the Massif de la Hotte. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Dame-Marie) to 2750 feet (between Jeremie and Les Cayes near Tombeau Cheval). ANOLIS EQUESTRIS Merrem Anolis equestris Merrem, 1820, Tentamen Syst. Amph.: 45. Type-locality: unknown restricted by Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):30, to the vicinity of La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: unlocated. (1) Anolis equestris equestris Merrem Anolius rhodolaemus Bell, 1827, Zool. J.:235. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: unlocated. Anolis equestris equestris: Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:249. Distribution. Cuba; from Pinar del Rio Province to Las Villas Province, where it intergrades with A. e. persparsus in the vicinity of Sagua la Grande; introduced at Miami, Florida. (2) Anolis equestris buidei Schwartz and Garrido Anolis equestris buidei Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):34. Type-locality: ca. 0.5 km from Rincon Frances, Penin- sula de Hicacos, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1294. Distribution. The Penmsula de Hicacos on the north coast of Matanzas Prov- ince, Cuba. (3) Anolis equestris juraguensis Schwartz and Garrido Anolis equestris Juraguensis Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):39. Type-locality: 3 km SW Juragua^, Las Villas Prov- ince, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1152. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality. (4) Anolis equestris persparsus Schwartz and Garrido Anolis equestris persparsus Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):36. Type-locality: 4 km E Trinidad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78116. Distribution. Central Cuba, throughout most of Las Villas Province. (5) Anolis equestris potior, new name Anolis equestris santamariae Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (141) :14. Type-locality: Cayo Santa Maria, Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 3098. Distribution. Known only from Cayo Santa Marfa and Cayo las Brujas, Archi- pielago de Sabana-Camaguey; the specimen from Cayo las Brujas may not be identical with the series from Cayo Santa Maria. REMARKS. The epithet santamariae is preoccupied in the genus Anolis by A. jubar santamariae Garrido, 1973, and we have proposed the name potior (Latin for “more powerful") in allusion to the fact that A. e. potior is much the larger of the two members of the equestris complex (the other being A. pigmaequestris) on Cayo Santa Maria. (6) Anolis equestris thomasi Schwartz Anolis equestris thomasi Schwartz, 1958, Herpetologica 14(1):3. Type-locality: 2 km SE Banao, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNE1 78148. Distribution. Cuba; known from throughout Camaguey Province and north- western Oriente Province east to Banes and El Jobo between Elolgum and Bayamo; fhomas/-like specimens also reported from two isolated Oriente localities (Santiago de Cuba; Einca La Celia, 28 km W Bayamo). (7) Anolis equestris verreonensis Schwartz and Garrido Anolis equestris verreonensis Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Eauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):44. Type-locality: Verreon, Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 488. Distribution. Known only from the region around Cabo Cruz. REMARKS. See Schwartz and Garrido, op. cit., for a discussion of relationships between A. equestris, A. luteogularis, and A. noblei. ANOLIS ETHERIDGEI Williams Anolis darUngtoni Cochran, 1939, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18.1. Type- locality: Loma Vieja, Cordillera Central, south of Constanza, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 44360. Anolis etheridgei Williams, 1962, Breviora (164):1 (substitute name for A. darUngtoni Cochran 1939, preoccupied by Xipbocercus (=Anolis) darUngtoni Cochran, 1935). Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana from Paso Bajito in the north, 8.9 km W Jayaco in the east and 15.7 km SW Piedra Blanca in the southeast, 6.5 mi. NW La Horma in the south, and Loma Rucilla and La Cienaga in the west. Altitudinal distribution from 1800 feet (Piedra Blanca) to 6100 feet (12.6 mi. SE Constanza), possibly higher on Loma Rucilla. ANOLIS EVERMANNI Stejneger Anolis evermanni Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. 1902:647. Type-locality: Catalina Plantation, east slope of El Yunque, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 26855. Distribution. Puerto Rico; known principally from interior and upland localities from the Maricao region east to the Bosque Experimental de Luquillo and south to the Sierra de Panduras; apparently approaches the coast in the north- east (e.g., the San Juan area). Altitudinal distribution from 800 feet (2.5 km SW Yabucoa) to 3500-3800 feet (30 km N, 3.1 km E Ponce). ANOLIS EXTREMUS Carman Anolis roquet var. extremus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:35. Type-locality: Bridgetown, St. Michael Parish, Barbados. Lectotype: MCZ 6183, selected by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):84. Anolis extremus: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):278. Distribution. Barbados; introduced on St. Lucia, Bermuda, and at Caracas, Venezuela. 83 ANOLIS FERREUS Cope Xiphosurus ferreus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 17:168. Type- locality: “Guadeloupe”; restricted to Morne Constant, Marie-Galante, by Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):190. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.5.59. Anolis asper Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:31 . 7"ype-/oca//fy.' Marie-Galante. Syntypes: ANSP 23011, MCZ 6162. Anolis ferreus: Underwood, 1959, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 121(5):202. Distribution. Marie-Galante. REMARKS. Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):390, considered ferreus a subspecies of A. marmoratus. ANOLIS FOWLERI Schwartz Anolis fowleri Schwartz, 1973, Ann Carnegie Mus. 44(12) :186. Type-locality: 18.5 km SE Constanza, 5800 feet (1769 meters). La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 54131. Distribution. Elispaniola; Republica Dominicana in the Cordillera Central, known from the vicinity of the type-locality and 6.5 mi. NW La Elorma, La Vega Province. Altitudinal distribution from 5230 feet (sight record only) to 5800 feet. ANOLIS FUGITIVUS Garrido Anolis fugitivus Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143) :28. Type-locality: 2 km S Aserrio de Nuevo Mundo, Moa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 3854. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality, but possibly also occurring in the Cuchillas de Toa, del Palenque, and de Nibujon Arriba. ANOLIS GARMANI Stejneger Anolis garmani Stejneger, 1899, Amer. Nat. 33:601. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holo- type: Unlocated (not designated). Distribution. Throughout Jamaica; records are sparse from the south-central part of the island, although the species is known from Portland Cave, Clarendon Parish. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (various localities) to around 2000 feet and probably over (Spaldings; Christiana; Newcastle). ANOLIS GINGIVINUS Cope Anolis gingivinus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 17:170. Type- locality: “Anguilla Rock nr. Trinidad”; restricted to Sandy Ground, Anguilla, by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):44. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8. 29.18-. 20. Anolis virgatus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:41. Type-locality: St.-Barthelemy. Syntypes: ANSP 23007, USNM 39300, MCZ 6165. Distribution. Sombrero I., Dog. I., Anguilla and satellites (Scrub I., Anguillita or Low Anguilla Cay, Western Prickly Pear Cay), St. -Martin (and Tintamarre I. and Guana Cay of Pelikan), St.-Barthelemy (and lie Eourchue, lie Chevreau, lie Eregate, He Toe Vers, and He Coco). Lazell (1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):48) stated “Anolis gingivinus occurs throughout the Anguilla Bank, on every rock and cay that supports more than herb-stage vegetation, on Som- brero” and on “. . . forty or more separate islands . . .” ANOLIS GRAHAMI Gray Anolis grahami Gray, 1845. Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.:274. Type-locality: Unknown. Syntypes: BMNH 1936.12.3.101=1946.8.5.49, BMNH 1936.12.3. 104-.106=1946.8. 28.89-.91. Anolis punctatus Gray (non Daudin), 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(5);113. Type- locality: Not given. Syntypes: Probably BMNH 1946.8.4.49, BMNH 1946.8.28.89- .91, BMNH 1946.8.5.55. Anolis iodurus Gosse, 1850, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2(6):344. Type-locality: Jamaica. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.5. 51-.52, BMNH 1946.8.5.88-.89, BMNH 1946.8.28.8. Anolis punctatissimus Hallowell, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 8:225. Type-locality: Jamaica. Syntypes: ANSP 7897-99. (1) Anolis grahami grahami Gray Anolis grahami grahami: Underwood and Williams, 1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:24. Distribution. Throughout western Jamaica, east on the north coast to the Port Maria area and on the south coast to the Morant River. (2) Anolis grahami aquarum Underwood and Williams Anolis grahami aquarum Underwood and Williams, 1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:28. Type-locality: Botanical Gardens, Bath, St. Thomas Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: BMNH 1954.1.2.61. Distribution. Portland Parish, from St. Margaret's Bay east and St. Thomas Parish east of the Morant River. REMARKS. Apparent intergrades between A. g. grahami and A. g. aquarum were recorded by Underwood and Williams (1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:29) in the area from Windsor Castle to Buff Bay, Portland Parish. However, intergradation between the two forms is not apparent on the south coast at the Morant River. Since the description of aquarum, specimens apparently refer- able to grahami have been taken within the range of aquarum at Port Antonio, and specimens apparently referable to aquarum at 1 mi. W Discovery Bay, St. Ann Parish, within the range of grahami. The situation requires further investi- gation. Bond (1957, Second supplement to the check-list of birds of the West Indies, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia:7) mentioned A. g. aquarum, thereby creating a nomen nudum. No confusion is likely, however, in accepting the name aquarum, as subsequently diagnosed by Underwood and Williams. ANGUS GRISEUS Carman Anolis griseus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:36. Type-locality: St. Vincent; restricted to Kingstown, St. George Parish, St. Vincent, by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):73. Lectotype: MCZ 6164, chosen by Lazell (1972:73). Distribution. St. Vincent. ANGUS GUNDLACHI Peters Anolis gundlachi Peters, 1876, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin :705. Type-locality: Utuado, Puerto Rico. Syntypes: ZMB 8964. Distribution. Puerto Rico; widespread in the uplands from Maricao, Lares, and the Cordillera Jaicoa east to the Bosque Experimental de Luquillo and south to the Sierra de Panduras; absent from most of the northern coastal plain (known from the Montarfas Guarionex, 7.2 km SE Quebradillas) and all of the southern coastal plain. Altitudinal distribution 800 feet (2.5 mi. SW Yabucoa) to 3500-3800 feet (30 km N, 3.1 km E Ponce). 85 ANGUS HENDERSONI Cochran Anolis hendersoni Cochran, 1923, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 13(11):225. Type-local- ity: Petionville, Departement de TOuest, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 59210. Distribution. Hispaniola: the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from 1.3 mi. N L’Asile, Dept, du Sud, in the west to the Port-au-Prince region (Port-au-Prince, Diquini, Morne de Cayette) and into the Morne I’Hopital (Petionville) and the Montagne Noire (Furcy, Kenscoff) and east to Savane Zombi on the Massif de la Selle; also south slopes of the Massif de la Selle (Jacmel, Marbial) east to 5.4 - 9.1 mi. SW Seguin. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Port-au-Prince) to 5600 feet (Furcy). An unexpected and unconfirmed record from the Citadelle, Dept, du Nord. REMARKS. Williams (1963, Breviora (186):1-13) considered hendersoni, bahorucoensis, and dolichocephalus subspecies of A. hendersoni. Increasing evidence suggests that these taxa are distinct species, and that overlap be- tween hendersoni and bahorucoensis occurs on the southern slopes of the Massif de la Selle between Marigot and Seguin. ANGUS HGMGLECHIS Cope Xiphosurus homolechis Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 16:169. Type-locality: unknown; restricted by Ruibal and Williams, 1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 125(8):228, to La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.5.78. Anolis homolechis: Boulenger, 1885, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. 2:28. Anolis muelleri Ahl, 1924, Zool. Archiv. f. Naturgesch. 90:247. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 4178. Anolis calliurus Ahl, 1924, Zool. Archiv. f. Naturgesch. 90:249. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 9014. Anolis cubanus Ahl, 1925, Zool. An-z. 62:87. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 27810. Anolis patricius Barbour, 1929, Proc. New England Zool. Club 11:37. Type-locality: Mina Piloto, Sagua de Tanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba; see Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4):154-155, footnote, for discussion of type-locality. Holotype: MCZ 28759. (1) Anolis homolechis homolechis Cope Anolis homolechis homolechis: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2);127. Distribution. Throughout most of Cuba with the exception of the distribution of the following subspecies; Isla de Pinos; Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Cantiles); Cayos de San Eelipe (Cayo Real). (2) Anolis homolechis turquinensis Garrido Anolis homolechis turquinensis Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :9. Type-locality: Vicinity of Cardero, Pico Turquino, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2900. Distribution. Restricted to the region around Pico Turquino in the Sierra Maestra, at elevations above about 1500 meters. REMARKS. A. homolechis is absent from some areas in Cuba (notably the Penmsula de Guanahacabibes in Pinar del Rm Province) and apparently is re- placed in some (primarily coastal) regions by A. Jubar. Garrido (1973, Poeyana (120):47-48) suggested that perhaps A. patricius may not be identical with A. homolechis, but the area where pa(r/c/us is known has not been recently resampled. 86 ANOLIS IMIAS Ruibal and Williams Anolis imias Ruibal and Williams, T961, Bull, Mus. Comp. Zool. 125(8):237. Type- locality: Imias, Oriente Province, Cuba; emended by Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4):172, to the mountains (Sierra de Purial) north of Imias, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 42556. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. ANOLIS INSOLITUS Williams and Rand Anolis insolitus Williams and Rand, 1969, Breviora (326) :2. Type-locality: Paraje La Palma, Seccion La Palma, Municipio Constanza, La Vega Province, Republi- ca Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 60144. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana, from the type-locality in the north south to 6.5 mi. NW La Horma, Peravia Province, including higher elevations southeast of Constanza but not known in the Valle de Constanza. Altitudinal distribution from 3500 feet (La Palma) to 5800 feet (18 km SE Constanza; 8.1 mi. NW La Horma). ANOLIS ISOLEPIS Cope Anolis isolepis Cope, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:214. Type-locality: Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba. Syntypes: Formerly in USNM, now lost. Distribution. Cuba: known from Las Villas Province (Buenos Aires and Cafetal de Gavinas in the Sierra de Trinidad), Camaguey Province (Sierra de Jatibonico), and Oriente Province (Los Negros, Pico Turquino, Loma del Gato, Hongolosongo, Cupeyal, Dos Bocas, Yateras, Guantanamo, Belona, Monte Libano, Moa, Nuevo Mundo). ANOLIS jUANGUNDLACHI Garrido Anolis juangundlachi Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (143) :34. Type-locality: Finca Ceres (Los Montes), 4 km N Carlos Rojas, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 3755. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. ANOLIS JUBAR Schwartz Anolis homolechis jubar Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4) :157. Type-local- ity: Paso de la Trinchera, Sierra de Cubitas, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holo- type: AMNH 96529. Anolis jubar: Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :14. (1) Anolis jubar jubar Schwartz Anolis jubar jubar: Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :18. Distribution. Cuba: the Sierra de Cubitas and associated northern lowlands, and marginal forested lowlands to the south, Camaguey Province; also ap- parently on Isla de Turiguano and 2 km E Minas, both in Camaguey Province. (2) Anolis jubar albertschwartzi Garrido Anolis jubar albertschwartzi Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120):33. Type-locality: Tortuguilla, 15 km E BahTa de Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2621. Distribution. Cuba; coastal regions of southern Oriente from the Bahfa de Guantanamo to Loma de Mocambo in the east, and the bases of the hills east of the Bahfa de Guantanamo. (3) Anolis Jubar balaenarum Schwartz Anolis homolechis balaenarum Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4) :161. Type-locality: Smallest cay of Los Ballenatos in the BahTa de Nuevitas, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 95975. Anolis jubar balaenarum: Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :41. Distribution. Los Ballenatos, Bahia de Nuevitas. (4) Anolis jubar cuneus Schwartz Anolis homolechis cuneus Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4) ;158. Type- locality: 1 mi. E Playa Santa Lucfa, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 96536. Anolis jubar cuneus: Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :22. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality and Cayo Sabinal the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey. (5) Anolis jubar gibarensis Garrido Anolis jubar gibarensis Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120):23. Type-locality: El Catuco, 2.5 km from Gibara, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2837. Distribution. Known certainly from west of Gibara to El Purio south of Nicaro; possible extending as far west as Puerto Padre, all in Oriente Province. (6) Anolis jubar maisiensis Garrido Anolis jubar maisiensis Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :28. Type-locality: Punta de MaisT, Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1524. Distribution. Known only from the Punta de Maisf^ region, but possibly extend- ing to the mouth of the mo Yumurf on the north Oriente coast and the rTo Ovando to the southwest. (7) Anolis jubar oriens Schwartz Anolis homolechis oriens Schwartz, 1968, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(4) :162. Type- locality: Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 95976. Anolis jubar oriens: Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :39. Distribution. Cuba; southern coastal Oriente Province, from Belie and Cabo Cruz in the west, east to the Bahfa de Santiago (but unknown from the city of Santiago de Cuba itself) and east of the Bahia de Santiago to Arroyo de la Costa (west of Playa juragua). (8) Anolis jubar santamariae Garrido Anolis jubar santamariae Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :43. Type-locality: Cayo Santa Marla, Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, Caibarien, Las Villas Prov- ince, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2643. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (9) Anolis jubar yagujayensis Garrido Anolis jubar yagujayensis Garrido, 1973, Poeyana (120) :1 5. Type-locality: El Yaguey, Lomas de Platero, some 15 km E Caibarien, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2372. Distribution. Cuba; the mountainous region from about 13 km E Caibarien (type-locality) to the area near Punta Caguanes, northern Las Villas Province. REMARKS. A. jubar has also been reported from Cayo Romano in the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, but the subspecies there is unknown. 88 ANOLIS KOOPMANI Rand Anolis koopmani Rand, 1961, Breviora (137) :1. Type-locality: Carrefour Canon, 350 meters, near Ducis, north of Les Cayes, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holo- type: MCZ 62541. Distribution. Hispaniola: Haiti; southern slopes of the extreme western portion of the Massif de la Hotte at the type-locality and Les Platons. Altitudinal Distribution from 1150 feet to 2475 feet. ANOLIS KRUGI Peters Anolis krugi Peters, 1876, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin:707. Type-locality: Puerto Rico. Syntypes: ZMB 8965 (apparently now lost). Distribution. Puerto Rico: widespread in primarily interior localities from Maricao and the Cordillera Jaicoa in the west to the Bosque Experimental de Luquillo in the east; north to 5 km SE Isabela and 2 mi. S Cruce Magueyes; south to 2 km E Juana ofaz and the Sierra de Panduras (2.5 mi. SW Yabucoa). Altitudinal distribution from 200 feet (2 km E Juana Diaz) to 3800 feet (30 km N, 8 mi. E Ponce). ANOLIS LINEATOPUS Gray Anolis lineatopus Gray, 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1(5):113. Type-locality: Un- known. Holotype: BMNH 1936.12.3.92=1946.8.12.61. (1) Anolis lineatopus lineatopus Gray Anolis lineatopus lynni Grant, 1940, Jamaica Today: 185. Type-locality: Chester- vale, St. Andrew Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 107902. Anolis lineatopus coxi Grant, 1940, Jamaica Today: 185. Type-locality: Portland Point (=Portland Ridge), Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 45079. Anolis lineatopus lineatopus: Grant, 1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 1:89. Distribution. Roughly the southern third of Jamaica from St. Elizabeth Parish (eastern edge of the Black River Swamp) east in St. Thomas Parish to Port Morant. The northern edge of the range is ill-defined, due primarily to sparse locality records, and appears to interdigitate with that of A. I. neckeri. An ap- parently disjunct population occurs macrosympatrically with other subspecies on the north coast of Portland Parish between Orange Bay and Port Antonio. (2) Anolis lineatopus ahenobarbus Underwood and Williams Anolis lineatopus abenobarbus Underwood and Williams, 1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:40. Type-locality: Soldiers Bay, 2 km E Port Antonio, Port- land Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: BMNH 1954.1.2.58. Distribution. Extreme eastern Jamaica: Portland Parish from the vicinity of Port Antonio east and south into northeastern St. Thomas Parish, where it is known from the Plantain Garden River Valley (Whitehall-Bath region). (3) Anolis lineatopus merope Underwood and Williams Anolis lineatopus merope Underwood and Williams, 1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:36. Type-locality: Drax Hall, 3 km E St. Ann's Bay, St. Ann Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: BMNE1 1954.1.2.60. Distribution. The northern marginal region of Jamaica from Hanover and northern Westmoreland parishes east to Agualta Vale (St. Mary Parish). 89 (4) Anolis lineatopus neckeri Grant Anolis lineatopus neckeri Grant, 1940, yama/ca Today: 155. Type-locality: Mandeville, Manchester Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 45087. Distribution. Along the east-west axis of Jamaica from Hanover and Westmore- land parishes east into St. Catherine Parish. REMARKS. Populations intermediate between two, three, or four of the sub- species occur in the eastern part of Jamaica west and southwest of Buff Bay. In other parts of the island the subspecies, particularly neckeri and lineatopus, appear to interdigitate extensively or even to overlap (merope and neckeri in Hanover and Westmoreland parishes). The interrelationships of the subspecies need to be clarified. Specimens from southern parts of St. James and Trelawny parishes and from parts of Westmoreland Parish, presently assigned to neckeri, differ somewhat from typical neckeri in pattern and dewlap color. ANOLIS LIVIDUS Carman Anolis lividus Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:43. Type-locality: Montserrat; restricted to Plymouth, St. Anthony's Parish, Montserrat, by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):56. Syntypes: ANSP 23010, MCZ 6176, USNM 39303. Distribution. Montserrat. ANOLIS LONGICEPS Schmidt Anolis longiceps Schmidt, 1919, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 41(12):521. Type-local- ity: Navassa Island. Holotype: AMNH 12597. Distribution. Navassa Island. ANOLIS LONGITIBIALIS Noble Anolis longitibialis Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (64) :4. Type-locality: Isla Beata, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 24329. Distribution. Republica Dominicana, Isla Alto Velo and the Penmsula de Barahona north to the southern foothills of the Massif de la Selle north of Pedernales and the Sierra de Baoruco north of Cabo Rojo. Altitudinal distribu- tion from sea level to 1150 feet. ANOLIS LOYSIANA Dumeril and Bibron Anolis loysiana Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:100. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 2465. Distribution. Cuba: islandwide but rare. ANOLIS LUCIAE Garman Anolis luciae Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:44. Type-locality: St. Lucia; restricted to Castries, Castries Quarter, St. Lucia, by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):71. Syntypes: ANSP 24166, MCZ 6173, MCZ 6175, USNM 39296-97. Anolis trinitatis procuratoris Underwood, 1959, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 121(5):214. Type-locality: Savanne Edmund, 13° 47' N, 61° 1/2' W, Laborie Quarter, St. Lucia. Holotype: MCZ 57202. 90 Distribution. Specimens are known from St. Lucia and its satellites Pigeon I. and the southernmost of the Maria Is. Lazell (1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1 ):73) stated that “Anolis luciae occurs throughout St. Lucia and on its coastal cays that support more than herb-stage vegetation, like Pigeon . . . and the southernmost of the Maria Islands.” ANOLIS LUCIUS Dumeril and Bibron Anolis lucius Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:105. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 2466. Anolis mertensi Ahl, 1925, Zool. Anz. 62:86. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 27811. Distribution. Central and eastern Cuba, from Habana Province (2 mi. E Boca de Jaruco) eastward to Oriente Province (Los Negros; Baire; WSW of Maffo); an isolated record from San Cristobal, Pinar del Rio Province. ANOLIS LUTEOGULARIS Noble and Hassler Anolis luteogularis Noble and Hassler, 1935, Copeia (3):113. Type-locality: San Diego de los Banos, Pinar del Rfo Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 46502. (1) Anolis luteogularis luteogularis Noble and Hassler Anolis luteogularis luteogularis: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):8. Distribution. Cuba; Pinar del Rio Province (Isabel Rubio, San Vicente), east to Habana Province (La Habana, south of Guines). (2) Anolis luteogularis calceus Schwartz and Garrido Anolis luteogularis calceus Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134) :25. Type-locality: Santo Tomas, Cienaga de Zapata, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1295. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (3) Anolis luteogularis coctilis Schwartz and Garrido Anolis luteogularis coctilis Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134) :22. Type-locality: Punta del Ingles, Cayo Cantiles, Archipielago de los Canarreos, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 402. Distribution. Known only from Cayo Cantiles. (4) Anolis luteogularis delacruzi Schwartz and Garrido Anolis luteogularis delacruzi Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134) :16. Type-locality: Santa Isabel, southeastern portion of the northern two-thirds of the Isla de Pinos, north of the Cienaga de Lanier, Isla de Pinos, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1277. Distribution. Known only from the tvpe-locality. (5) Anolis luteogularis hassled Barbour and Shreve Anolis equestris hassleri Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:251. Type-locality: Los Indios, Isla de Pinos, Habana Province. Holotype: MCZ 11178. Anolis luteogularis hassleri: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):14. Distribution. Isla de Pinos, north of the Cienaga de Lanier with the exception of the range of A. I. delacruzi; intergrades with A. /. sectilis at Cayo Piedras. 91 (6) Anolis luteogularis jaumei Schwartz and Garrido Anolis luteogularis jaumei Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134) :27. Type-locality: Playa Larga, Cienaga de Zapata, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 369. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (7) Anolis luteogularis nivevultus Schwartz and Garrido Anolis luteogularis nivevultus Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):11. Type-locality: El Veral, Peninsula de Guanahacabibes, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 339. Anolis equestris guanahacabibensis Peters, 1970, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 46(1);203 (nomen nudum). Distribution. The Penmsula de Guanahacabibes, Pinar del rTo Province, Cuba, east to La Jaula. (8) Anolis luteogularis sanfelipensis Garrido Anolis luteogularis sanfelipensis Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (141):23. Type-locality: Cayo Real, Cayos de San Felipe, Pinar del Rfo Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2972. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (9) Anolis luteogularis sectilis Schwartz and Garrido Anolis luteogularis sectilis Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curapo and Caribbean Is. 39(134):19. Type-locality: Pedernales, Isla de Pinos, Habana Province. Holotype: IZ 388. Distribution. Isla de Pinos, south of the Cienaga de Lanier. ANOLIS MARCANOI Williams Anolis marcanoi Williams, 1975, Breviora (430):1. Type-locality: Ca. 5 km N La Horma, Peravia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 131837. Distribution. South-central Repijblica Dominicana, in Peravia Province, from 9 km N La Horma and the type-locality on the southern slopes of the Cordillera Central south to 3 km N Cruce de Ocoa; to the east, on the road between Bam and El Recodo (between 6 km N and 13 km N Bam); recorded but unrepresented by specimens from Loma de Pinos, east of the Cruce de Ocoa-San Jose de Ocoa road, from the vicinity of El Pinar, and between San Jose de Ocoa and Nizao. ANOLIS MARMORATUS Dumeril and Bibron Anolis marmoratus Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:139. Type-locality: Martinique (in error); revised to Capesterre on the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe by Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):373. Syntypes: MNHN 794, MNHN 5491. (1) Anolis marmoratus marmoratus Dumeril and Bibron Anolis marmoratus marmoratus: Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):373. Distribution. Guadeloupe: the plain of Capesterre in southeastern Basse-Terre between Carangaise and Bananier. (2) Anolis marmoratus alliaceus Cope Anolis alliaceus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 16:175. Type- 92 locality: Not given; restricted to Maison Forestier du Matouba, elevation 700 meters, the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe, by Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):374. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.28.96. Anolis marmoratus alliaceus: Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11);374. Distribution. Central highlands of the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe, from Morne Goton in the north to the vicinity of St. Claude in the south. This sub- species is an inhabitant of the rain forest ecological zone. (3) Anolis marmoratus caryae Lazell Anolis marmoratus caryae Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):394. Type-locality: The town of Basse-Terre on Terre-de-Bas, lies des Saintes. Holotype: MCZ 70666. Distribution. The island of Terre-de-Bas, lies des Saintes. (4) Anolis marmoratus chrysops Lazell Anolis marmoratus chrysops Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):389. Type-locality: Terre de Flaut, lies de la Petite Terre. Holotype: MCZ 70649. Distribution. Terre de Haut and Terre de Bas, lies de la Petite Terre. (5) Anolis marmoratus desiradei Lazell Anolis marmoratus desiradei Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):387. Type-locality: Grande-Anse, La Desirade. Holotype: MCZ 71068. Distribution. La Desirade. (6) Anolis marmoratus girafus Lazell Anolis marmoratus girafus Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):377. Type-locality: Vieux-Habitants, Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe. Holotype: MCZ 71259. Distribution. Leeward coast of the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe, from the vicinity of Malendure and the adjacent Nets de Pigeon south to Baillif. (7) Anolis marmoratus inornatus Lazell Anolis marmoratus inornatus Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11);386. Type-locality: Anse-Bertrand on the Grande-Terre portion of Guadeloupe. Holotype: MCZ 71036. Distribution. Northern Grande-Terre, southeast along the northeast coast of the island to Moule, but with influence of this form found in the Pointe des Chateaux population; Met Macou. (8) Anolis marmoratus kahouannensis Lazell Anolis marmoratus kahouannensis Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):382. Type-locality: llet-a-Kahouanne, Guadeloupe Passage, northwest of the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe. Holotype: MCZ 70791. Distribution. llet-a-Kahouanne and Tete-a-l'Anglais. (9) Anolis marmoratus setosus Lazell Anolis marmoratus setosus Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11);380. Type-locality: Pointe Allegre on the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe. Holo- type: MCZ 70813. Distribution. The northern coast of the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe from the vicinity of Deshaies to Ste.-Rose. 93 (10) Anolis marmoratus speciosus Carman Anolis speciosus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:45. Type-locality: Marie- Calante (in error); restricted to Pointe-a-Pitre, the Crande-Terre portion of Cuadeloupe, by Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):384. Lectotype: MCZ 6172, designated by Lazell (1964:384). Anolis marmoratus speciosus: Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):384. Distribution. The southwestern part of the Crande-Terre portion of Cuadeloupe, complementary to the distribution of A. m. inornatus, and onto the isthmus connecting Crande-Terre and Basse-Terre; also llet a Cochons, Met du Cosier, and llet Christophe. (11) Anolis marmoratus terraealtae Barbour Anolis terrae=altae Barbour, 1915, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 28:76. Type- locality: "Terre d’en Haut, lies des Saintes”; restricted to Pompiere, Terre-de- Haut, lies des Saintes, by Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):392. Holotype: MCZ 10627. Anolis marmoratus terraealtae: Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(11):392. Distribution. Terre-de Haut, llet-'a-Cabrit, and Crand llet, lies des Saintes. ANOLIS MAYNARDI Carman Anolis maynardi Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 20:7. Type-locality: Little Cayman Island, the Cayman Islands. Syntypes: MCZ 6227. Distribution. Little Cayman I., Cayman Is. ANOLIS MESTREI Barbour and Ramsden Anolis mestrei Barbour and Ramsden, 1916, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 29:19. Type-locality: Valle de Luis Lazo, Pinar del Rfo Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 11285. Distribution. Western Cuba. Pinar del Rio Province (Isabel Rubio) east to Habana Province (Sierra de Anafe): generallv most abundant in the Sierra de los Organos and the Sierra del Rosario, but not restricted to these ranges: also occurring at lowland localities. ANOLIS MIMUS, new name Anolis cupeyalensis montanus Carrido, 1975, Poeyana (143) :24. Type-locality: La Cran Piedra, Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 3917. Anolis montanus Carrido, 1975, Poeyana (143):55. Distribution. Cuba; the western portion of the Sierra Maestra (Sierra de la Cran Piedra), Los Ciegos (=Santa Maria de Loreto), and adjacent uplands and valleys (La Maya, jutinicum, Ramon de las Yaguas). REMARKS. Anolis montanus Carrido is preoccupied by Anolis oculatus montanus Lazell, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 127(9):470. We accordingly here propose a new name for this taxon. The name is from the Latin for "mimic” in allusion to the resemblance of this form to other species in the cyanopleurus complex. 94 ANOLIS MONENSIS Stejneger Anolis monensis Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:646. Type-locality: Isla Mona. Holotype: USNM 29387. Distribution. Isla Mona and Isla Monito. ANOLIS MONTICOLA Sh reve Anolis monticola Shreve, 1936, Proc. New England Zool. Club 15:93. Type-locality: Northern and eastern foothills. Massif de la Hotte (= Pic Macaya), 1000 feet to 4000 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 38296. (1) Anolis monticola monticola Shreve Anolis monticola monticola: Thomas and Schwartz, 1967, Breviora (261):15. Distribution. Hispaniola; the extreme distal portion of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from ca. 7.5 km WSW Moron east to Castillon, on the northern and western extremes of the Massif de la Hotte. Altitudinal distribution from about 1300 feet to 2800 feet. A very dubious record from He Grande Cayemite. (2) Anolis monticola quadrisartus Thomas and Schwartz Anolis monticola quadrisartus Thomas and Schwartz, 1967, Breviora (261):17. Type-locality: Tombeau Cheval, between Camp Perrin and Beaumont, Departe- ment du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 62998. Distribution. Poorly known; recorded from the type-locality, about 4 mi. from Camp Perrin, between Post Avance and Catiche, and Les Platons; presumably on the more eastern (and southern?) slopes of the Massif de la Hotte in Haiti. ANOLIS NOBLEI Barbour and Shreve Anolis equestris noblei Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:250. Type-locality: Sierra de Nipe, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 26653. Anolis noblei: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 39(1 34): 51. (1) Anolis noblei noblei Barbour and Shreve Anolis noblei noblei: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):52. Distribution. Known from the type-locality and Cupeyal, Oriente Province, Cuba. (2) Anolis noblei galeifer Schwartz Anolis equestris galeifer Schwartz, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(12):409. Type-locality: Near Buey Arriba, southwest of Bayamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 59326. Anolis noblei galeifer: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curapo and Caribbean Is. 39(134):53. Distribution. Oriente Province, Cuba, in uplands and northern slopes of the Sierra Maestra, and the northern slopes of the Sierra de la Gran Piedra. 95 ANOLIS NUBILUS Carman Anolis nubilus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:32. Type-locality: Redonda. Lectotype: MCZ 6181, designated by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):54. Distribution. Redonda. ANOLIS OCCULTUS Williams and Rivero Anolis occultus Williams and Rivero, 1965, Breviora (232) :4. Type-locality: Road 143, midway between Cerro La Punta (1338 m) and Cerro Maravilla (1183 m), Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 80303. Distribution. High-elevation forests of Puerto Rico, from the Reserva Forestal de Maricao east to the Bosque Experimental de Luquillo. Altitudinal distribu- tion 2300 feet (20.9 km NNE Cuyama) to around 4350 feet (the region of the type-locality). ANOLIS OCULATUS Cope Xiphosurus oculatus Cope, 1879, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 18:274. Type-locality: Dominica; restricted to Roseau, St. Ceorge Parish, Dominica, by Lazell, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 127(9):468. Syntypes: USNM 10139-10148, 10150-10151, 10153. Anolis oculatus: Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:30. (1) Anolis oculatus oculatus Cope Anolis oculatus oculatus: Lazell, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 127(9) :467. Distribution. The southwestern periphery of Dominica, from Fond St. Jean east of Crand Bay in the south, west and then north along the west coast to the vicinity of Hillsborough, and inland to the second Layou River Bridge. (2) Anolis oculatus cabritensis Lazell Anolis oculatus cabritensis Lazell, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 127(9):469. Type-locality: The Cabrits (= Prince Rupert Point), northwest of Portsmouth, St. John Parish, Dominica. Holotype: MCZ 60245. Distribution. The arid leeward coast of Dominica from Crand Savanna to the Cabrits. (3) Anolis oculatus montanus Lazell Anolis oculatus montanus Lazell, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 127(9) :470. Type- locality: Fresh Water Lake, ca. 2500 feet, St. Ceorge Parish, Dominica. Holotype: MCZ 60319. Distribution. The interior uplands of Dominica from Fond Hunt in the north to Morne Anglais in the south. (4) Anolis oculatus winstoni Lazell Anolis oculatus winstoni Lazell, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 127(9):472. Type- locality: Woodford Hill. St. Andrew Parish, Dominica. Holotype: MCZ 60467. Distribution. The lowlands of eastern Dominica from Penville in the north to La Plaine in the south. ANGUS OLSSONr Schmidt Anolis olssoni Schmidt, 1919, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 41:522. Type-locality: El Morro de Monte Cristi, Monte Cristi Province, Republica Dominicana. Holo- type: AMNH 13400. Distribution. Hispaniola: widespread north of the Cul de Sac Plain in Haiti and south of that plain occurring west to Mariani and into the Morne I’Hopital (Petionville); in the Republica Dominicana, widespread north of the Valle de Neiba, but localities scattered east of Peravia Province, where known only from Santo Domingo and vicinity (Tres Ojos), and northern El Seibo Provirice (Sabana de la Mar, Guarabo); also along the eastern coast of the Penmsula de Barahona (La Cienaga) and south of the Sierra de Baoruco west to Cabo Rojo and Pedernales; lie a Cabrit; lie de la Gonave. Altitudinal distribution from be- low sea level (Duverge, Independencia Province) to 2300 feet (Morne Calvaire, 1 mi. SW Petionville, Dept, de TOuest). ANGUS GPALINUS Gosse Anolis opalinus Gosse, 1850, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2(5):345. Type-locality: Blue- fields, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: Apparently not extant; the British Museum specimen labelled as the holotype is not this species (Under- wood and Williams, 1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:23). Anolis flabellatus Cope, 1895, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46:430. Type- locality: Port Morant, St. Thomas Parish, and Port Lucea, Hanover Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: Unlocated. Distribution. Widespread in Jamaica, but records concentrated in some areas and sparse in others, particularly the northwest quadrant of the island (Han- over, St. James, Trelawny, and St. Ann parishes). Altitudinal distribution from sea level (many localities) to 5000 feet (Morce’s Gap). ANGUS GPHIGLEPIS Cope Anolis (Dracontura) ophiolepis Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:211. Type-locality: Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: unlocated. Distribution. Cuba and Isla de Pinos, islandwide on both islands. ANGUS PATERNUS Hardy Anolis angusticeps paternus Hardy, 1967, Caribbean J. Sci. 6(1/2) :25. Type-locality: Vicinity of Nueva Gerona, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: USNM 142156. Anolis paternus: Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (144) :7. (1) Anolis paternus paternus Hardy Anolis paternus paternus: Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (144) :7. Distribution. Isla de Pinos north of the Cienaga de Lanier. (2) Anolis paternus pinarensis Garrido Anolis paternus pinarensis Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (144) :8. Type-locality: 5 km from Ciudad Sandino, Guane, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 4073. Distribution. Cuba; sandy savannas of southwestern Pinar del rTo Province between La Fe and La Coloma, possibly extending east to La Herradura in this same region. 97 ANOLIS PIGMAEQUESTRIS Garrido Anolis pigmaequestris Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (141 ):4. Type-locality: Cayo Frances, Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, Caibarfen, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2884. Distribution. Known from Cayo Frances and Cayo Santa Marfa in the Archipie- lago de Sabana-Camaguey. REMARKS. It is noteworthy that this dwarf member of the Anolis equestris complex occurs sympatrically on Cayo Santa Maria with Anolis e. potior. ANOLIS PINCHOTI Cochran Anolis pinchoti Cochran, 1931, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 21:354. Type-locality: Old Providence Island (= Isla de Providencia). Holotype: USNM 76945. Distribution. Isla de Providencia, Crab Cay, and Isla Santa Catalina. ANOLIS PONCENSIS Stejneger Anolis poncensis Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. 1902:655. Type-locality: Hills 3 mi. E Ponce, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 27294. Distribution. The southern coastal plain of Puerto Rico, from Parguera east to the road between Aguirre and jobos, and north to 2 mi. N Ponce and Banos de Coamo. ANOLIS PORCATUS Gray Anolis porcatus Gray, 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 1, 5:112. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.12.7, BMNH 1946.8. 12. 66-. 70; the first-listed syntype is from “Texas."' Distribution. Cuba (islandwide) and Isla de Pinos; Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Cantiles); Cayos de San Eelipe (Cayo Real, Cayo juan Garcia); Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo France's, Cayo Santa Marfa); Cayo la Reina off the northern Pinar del Rfo coast and probably occurring on many off-shore islands and islets; introduced at Santo Domingo (La Feria), Republica Dominicana. ANOLIS PULCHELLUS Dumeril and Bibron Anolis pulchellus Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:97. Type-local- ity: Martinique (in error). Syntypes: MNHN 796, MNHN 2423. Distribution. The Puerto Rico Bank: widespread in Puerto Rico, principally at low to intermediate elevations; Isla Caja de Muertos, Cayo Santiago, Cayo Batata, and Cayo Icacos, Isla Vieques, Isla Culebra, St. Thomas (and satellites Water I. and Little St. fames), Mingo Cay, Lovango Cay, St. John, jost Van Dyke, Tortola, Peter I., Guana I., Great Camanoe I., Beef I., Virgin Gorda, and Anegada. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 2080 feet (Reserva Forestal de Carite, 8 km SE Las Cruces). ANOLIS QUADRIOCELLIFER Barbour and Ramsden Anolis quadriocellifer Barbour and Ramsden, 1919, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(2):158. Type-locality: Cabo de San Antonio, Ensenada de Cajon, Pinar del Rfo Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 11867. 98 Distribution. Cuba; the Penmsula de Guanahacabibes in Pinar del Rfo Province, west to the vicinity of Cayuco. ANOLIS RECONDITUS Underwood and Williams Anolis reconditus Underwood and Williams, 1959, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 9:44. Type-locality: Ca. 4 km WNW Trinityville, elevation ca. 760 m., St. Thomas Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 53274. Distribution. The Blue Mountains region of eastern Jamaica; in addition to the type-locality, known from the vicinity of Hardwar Gap (from Newcastle to Green Hills, St. Thomas Parish). Altitudinal distribution from 2500 feet (type- locality) to over 4000 feet (Hardwar Gap region). ANOLIS RICHARDI Dumeril and Bibron Anolis richardi Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:141. Type-locality: Tortola (in error); revised to Crown Point, Tobago, by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 1430 ):75. Holotype: MNHN 788. Anolis occipitalis Gray, 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 5(1):112. Type-locality: “West Indies.” Syntypes; BMNH 1946.8.12.59, BMNH 1946.8.29.11. Anolis stenodactylus Gray, 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 5(1):114. Type-locality: Jamaica (in error). Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.12.54. Anolis trossulus Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:38. Type-locality: Grenada, West Indies. Syntypes: ANSP 23012, MCZ 6181, USNM 39289. Distribution. The Grenadines (Sugarloaf I., Carriacou I., Mabuya Cay off Carriacou, and Bequia I.), Grenada, and Tobago. ANOLIS RICORDI Dumeril and Bibron Anolis ricordii Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:167. Type-locality: St.- Domingue; restricted by Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):102, to the vicinity of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MNHN 1272. (1) Anolis ricordi ricordi Dumeril and Bibron Anolis ricordii ricordii: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :69. Distribution. Hispaniola: northern Haiti from Port-de-Paix east to Terrier Rouge and into the Republica Dominicana east to the vicinity of Los Quemados, Santiago Rodriguez Province, and south to Restauracion, Dajabon Province; south in Haiti to the Port-au-Prince region (Morne de Cayette, Diquini, Petion- ville), and east into the Republica Dominicana in the Sierra de Neiba and the southwestern slopes of the Cordillera Central, La Estrelleta and San Juan provinces; intergrades with A. r. viculus near Paillant, Dept, du Sud, Haiti. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3500 feet (8-9 km W Marmelade, Haiti). (2) Anolis ricordi leberi Williams Anolis ricordii leberi Williams, 1965, Breviora (232) :4. Type-locality: Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 80935. Distribution. Known from the vicinity of the type-locality and Marceline, on southern slopes of the Massif de la Hotte, Haiti. Altitudinal distribution from 1000 feet to 1220 feet. (3) Anolis ricordi subsolanus Schwartz Anolis ricordi subsolanus Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):111. Type-locality: Source Carroye, near Saltrou, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 130270. 99 Distribution. Known from the type-locality and Saltrou, on southern slopes of the Massif de la Selle in extreme southeastern Haiti. (4) Anolis ricordi viculus Schwartz Anolis ricordi viculus Schwartz, 1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2) :108. Type- locality: Castillon, 2500 feet, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 193974. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of Castillon on the northern slopes of the Massif de la Hotte, Haiti; probably also occurs at Tardieu near Pic Macaya. Altitudinal distribution from 2200 feet to 4000 feet. REMARKS. Schwartz (1974, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 146(2):110-111) noted that specimens from the vicinity of Miragoane-Paillant suggest that the western Tiburon subspecies {viculus and leberi) may be specifically distinct from A. ricordi, and the same may also be true of subsolanus. ANOLIS RIMARUM Thomas and Schwartz Anolis rimarum Thomas and Schwartz, 1967, Breviora (261) :19. Type-locality: 8 to 9 km (airline) W Marmelade, Departement de TArtibonite, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81128. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality, elevation about 3200 feet. ANOLIS ROOSEVELTI Grant Anolis roosevelti Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3):219. Type-locality: Isla Culebra. Holotype: MCZ 36136. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. ANOLIS ROQUET Lacep'ede Lacerta roquet Lacepede, 1788, Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Ovip. Serp.:1. Type-locality: Martinique; restricted to Fort-de-France, Martinique, by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):86. Neotype: MCZ 81581, designated by Lazell (1972:86). Anolis martinicensis Suckow, 1798, Anfangsgr. theoret. angewandt. Naturgescb. Thiere 3:139. Proposed as a substitute name for A. roquet Lacepede. Anolis cepedii Merrem, 1820, Tentamen Syst. Annph. :45. Proposed as a substitute name for A. roquet Lacepede. Anolis goudotii Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:108. Type-locality: Martinique. Holotype: MNHN 791. Anolis alligator Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:134. Type-locality: Martinique. Holotype: MNHN 784. Anolis roquet: Ruthven, 1923, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (143) :6. (1) Anolis roquet roquet Lacepede Anolis roquet roquet: Underwood, 1959, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 121(5):206. Distribution. Southern and central Martinique, except for the extreme south- eastern part; the northern limits are reached on the west coast in the Fort-de- France area and on the east coast at Habitation Mansard-Rancee and Met Chancel; from its southern limit on the east coast (Le Francois) the subspecies extends south overland to Abondance and Le Marin on the south coast. (2) Anolis roquet caracoli Lazell Anolis roquet caracoli Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):91. Type- 100 locality: Pointe Caracoli, Presqu'tle de la Caravelle, Martinique. Holotype: MCZ 81601. Distribution. The eastern end of the Presqutle de la Caravelle, Martinique. (3) Anolis roquet majolgris Lazell Anolis roquet majolgris Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):89. Type- locality: Fond St. Jacques, north of Ste. -Marie, Martinique. Holotype: MCZ 81664. Distribution. The northeastern coast of Martinique from Derriere Morne to Le Lorrain. (4) Anolis roquet salinei Lazell Anolis roquet salinei Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):91. Type-local- ity: Pointe des Salines, Martinique. Holotype: MCZ 81675. Distribution. Extreme southeastern Martinique, reaching its northern limit on the west coast in the vicinity of Le Marin and its southern limit on the east coast at Pacquemar; llet Cabrits, llet Chevalier. (5) Anolis roquet summus Lazell Anolis roquet summus Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1) :88. Type- locality: Poste Forestiere, Tirage 38, Deux Choux, Martinique. Holotype: MCZ 81630. Distribution. The mountains of northern Martinique from Montagne Pelee south to Absalon above Fort-de-France. (6) Anolis roquet zebrilus Lazell Anolis roquet zebrilus Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):90. Type- locality: Le Carbet, Martinique. Holotype: MCZ 81619. Distribution. The north-central west coast of Martinique from Case Pilote north to Le Trou, south of St. Pierre. REMARKS, llet St. Aubin, off the northeast coast of Martinique, has a popula- tion of A. roquet intermediate between majolgris and roquet; llet Oscar (and apparently other cays of Le Francois) have anoles intermediate between A. r. salinei and A. r. roquet. ANOLIS RUBRIBARBUS Barbour and Ramsden Anolis rubribarbus Barbour and Ramsden, 1919, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(2) ;156. Type-locality: El Puerto de Cananova, near Sagua de Tanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 11941. Distribution. Cuba, from the vicinity of the type-locality east to near Moa and 35 km S Moa. ANOLIS RUPINAE Williams and Webster Anolis rupinae Williams and Webster, 1974, Breviora (429) :2. Type-locality: 1.3 km SSW Castillon, Departement du Sud, FHaiti. Holotype: MCZ 121740. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality; however, see also Williams and Webster's comments (op. c/f. :8-9), on questionable specimens from Catiche and 32 mi. from Les Cayes on the jeremie road to the east of Castillon. 101 ANOLIS SABANUS Carman Anolis sabanus Carman, 1887, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:39. Type-locality: Saba. Lecto- type: MCZ 6161, selected by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):42. Distribution. Saba. ANOLIS SACREI Dumeril and Bibron Anolis sagrei Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:149. Type-locality: Cuba; restricted by Ruibal, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 130(8):490, to La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Syntypes: MNHN 2430, MNHN 6797, ?MCZ 2171. (1) Anolis sagrei sagrei Dumeril and Bibron Anolis sagrei sagrei: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):126. Dracontura catenata Cosse, 1850, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2(6):346. Type-locality: Bluefields, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.29.21. Anolis stejnegeri Barbour, 1931, Copeia (3):88. Type-locality: Key West, Monroe County, Florida. Holotype: MCZ 29907. Anolis sagrei mayensis Smith and Burger, 1949, Anal. Inst. Biol. 20:407. Type- locality: Panlao, Campeche, Mexico. Holotype: UIMNH 4170. Distribution. Cuba, where islandwide (except for the range ascribed to A. s. greyi); Isla de Pinos; Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Matfas, Cayo Avalos, Cayo Cantiles, Cayo Largo); jardines de la Reina (Cayo Cachiboca and other unnamed keys); Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo Monitos de JutTa, Cayo Lanzanillo, Cayo Monos de jutfa, Cayo Caiman del Faro, Cayo Cobos, Cayo Frances, Cayo Santa Maria, Cayo Cuillermo, Cayo las Brujas, Cayo Coco, Cayo Sabinal); Cayos de San Felipe (Cayo Real, Cayo Juan Carcia); Cayo la Reina off the northern Pinar del Rio coast, and probably on many other keys islets off the Cuban coast; western Jamaica, east to Ocho Rios, St. Ann Parish, Balaclava and Black River, St. Elizabeth Parish, and Williamsfield, Manchester Parish; Little Cayman I., Cayman Is.; Florida Keys (introduced ?) and southern Florida mainland north to Palm Beach County; an isolated population at Tampa-St. Petersburg, Florida; the Atlantic coast of Mexico (including the states of Yucatan, Campeche, Tabasco and Quintana Roo and Isla de Cozumel) to Belize; Islas de la Bahia (Isla de Roatan). (2) Anolis sagrei greyi Barbour, new combination Anolis greyi Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :287. Type-locality: Puerto Principe (Camaguey), Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 7890. Distribution. Cuba; the serpentine savannas of central Camaguey Province, south of the Sierra de Cubitas. (3) Anolis sagrei luteosignifer Carman, new combination Anolis luteosignifer Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 20:4. Type-locality: Cayman Brae, Cayman Islands. Syntypes: MCZ 6228. Distribution: Cayman Is.: Cayman Brae. (4) Anolis sagrei nelsoni Barbour Anolis nelsoni Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :287. Type-locality: Swan Islands. Holotype: MCZ 7892. Anolis sagrei nelsoni: Ruibal, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 130(8):491. Distribution. Swan Islands. (5) Anolis sagrei ordinatus Cope Anolis ordinatus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 16:175. Type- 102 locality: West Indies; restricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List of N. Amer. Amph. and Repf.;238, to New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Syn types: BMNH 1946.8.28.93-.95. Anolis sagrei ordinatus: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2) :126. Distribution. Bahama Islands; Grand Bahama I. including Stranger’s Cay, Little Abaco I., Great Abaco I. including Elbow Cay and Pensacola Cays, North Bimini I., South Bimini I., North Cat Cay, New Providence I., Berry Is. (Chub Cay, Frazer’s Hog Cay, Great Harbour Cay), Andros I., Eleuthera I., Exuma Cays (Leaf Cay, Staniel Cay, Bitter Guana Cay, Great Exuma I., Little Exuma I.), Green Cay, Cat !., Long I., Crooked I., Rum Cay, San Salvador, Ragged Is. (Knife Cay, Great Ragged I., Little Ragged I.), Cay Sal Bank (Elbow Cay, Cotton Cay, Anguilla Cays, Cay Sal); doubtless occurring on many other small and seldom visited islets and cays. REMARKS. The status of some of the taxa we have associated with A. sagrei is uncertain. The subspecies luteosignifer is often considered a species separate from A. sagrei, and nelsoni has shared the same treatment. Some authors consider A. s. stejnegeri a valid subspecies. A. s. ordinatus has been reported from the mainland of Florida. Finally, it is obvious that those populations that we assign to A. s. ordinatus in the Bahama Islands are not identical intra se. Pertinent literature includes Ruibal (1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 130(8)), Duellman and Schwartz (1958, Bull. Florida State Mus., Biol. Ser., 3(5)), and Buden and Schwartz (1969, Q. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 31(4)). From the various interpretations of the taxa associated with A. sagrei, it is obvious that this widely distributed lizard is seriously in need of careful taxonomic study. ANOLIS SCRIPTUS Carman Anolis script us Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:28. Type-locality: Silver and Lena Keys, Florida; emended and restricted by Rand, 1962, Breviora (153):3, to Silver Key, Turks and Caicos islands. Syntypes: MCZ 972-73. Anolis albipalpebralis Barbour, 1916, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 29:215. Type-lo- cality: Grand Turk Island, Turks Islands. Holotype: MCZ 11954. (1) Anolis script us script us Garman Anolis script us scriptus: Rand, 1962, Breviora (153) :3. Distribution. Caicos Islands: West Caicos I., French Cay, Ft. George Cay, Providenciales I., Bay Cay, Water Cay, Pine Cay, Dellis Cay, Parrot Cay, North Caicos I., Middle Caicos I., Pelican Cay, East Caicos I., South Caicos I., Six Hill Cays, Ambergris Cays; Turks Islands: Grand Turk I., Long Cay, Cotton Cay, East Cay, Salt Cay. (2) Anolis scriptus leucophaeus Garman Anolis leucophaeus Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 20:109. Type-locality: Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 6226. Anolis moorei Cope, 1895, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46:433. Type- locality: Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: ANSP 26116. Anolis cinnamomeus Cope, 1895, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46:435. Type-locality: Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: ANSP 26113. Anolis scriptus leucophaeus: Rand, 1962, Breviora (153):3. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Great Inagua I. including Sheep Cay, Little Inagua I. (3) Anolis scriptus mariguanae Cochran Anolis leucophaeus mariguanae Cochran, 1931, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 103 21(3):40. Type-locality: Mayaguana Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: USNM 81346. Anolis scriptus mariguanae: Rand, 1962, Breviora (153):3. Distribution. Bahama Islands; Mayaguana I. including Booby Cay. (4) Anolis scriptus sularum Barbour and Shreve Anolis leucophaeus sularum Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5) :354. Type-locality: West Booby Cay just off Atwood's Cay, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 38013. Anolis scriptus sularum: Rand, 1962, Breviora (153) :3. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Samana Cay (=Atwood's Cay) including Booby Cay, West Plana Cay. ANOLIS SEMILINEATUS Cope Anolis semilineatus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 16:171. Type- locality: Santo Domingo. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.5.85, BMNH 1946.8.5.48. Anolis cochranae Williams and Rand, 1961, Breviora (135):7. Type-locality: Constanza, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 57660. Distribution. Hispaniola: islandwide in both Haiti and the Republica Domini- cana except unreported from the extreme eastern Republica Dominicana; He de la Tortue; Me Grande Cayemite. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 5600 feet (Furcy) in the Montagne Noire, 4400 feet in the Sierra de Baoruco (2 km SW Aceitillar), and 5000 feet in the Cordillera Central (Valle de Culata). ANOLIS SHEPLANI Schwartz Anolis sheplani Schwartz, 1974, Breviora (423) :4. Type-locality: 13.0 mi. (20.8 km) SE Cabral, 3200 feet (976 meters), Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 194015. Distribution. Known from the vicinity of the type-locality and 18 km SW Cabral at an elevation of 2700 feet. ANOLIS SHREVEI Cochran Audantia shrevei Cochran, 1939, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18:2. Type-locality: Valle Nuevo, in the Cordillera Central, southeast of Constanza, 6000 feet to 8000 feet. La Vega Province, Repi^blica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 44365. Anolis shrevei: Schwartz, 1968, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 137(2) :265. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Cordillera Central in the Republica Dominicana, from Loma Rucilla and La Comparticion (La Vega and San juan provinces) in the north to 20 km SE Valle Nuevo in the south, but not continuously distributed through this upland region, since restricted to pine woods at high elevations. Altitudinal distribution from 5100 feet (19 km SE Constanza) to 8200 feet (27 km SE Constanza). ANOLIS SINCULARIS Will iams Anolis singularis Williams, 1965, Breviora (227) :9. Type-locality: Pourcine, Massif de la Hotte, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 72043. 104 Distribution. Hispaniola: the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti (type-locality in the Massif de la Hotte, Foret des Pins and Seguin in the Massif de la Selle) and the Penmsula de Barhona in the Republica Dominicana (between 30 km N Pedernales and 5 km NE Los Arroyos in the Dominican portion of the Massif de la Selle, also Valle de Polo, 12.3 - 13.0 mi. SE Cabral, and 16 km SW Cabral in the Sierra de Baoruco); Sierra Martin Garcia (Mt. Busu); lie de la Gonave. Altitudinal distribution from 1450 feet (Nan Cafe, lie de la Gonave) to 5800 feet (Foret des Pins; 5 km NE Los Arroyos). ANOLIS SMALLWOODI Schwartz Anolis equestris smallwoodi Schwartz, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(12):412. Type-locality: Laguna de Baconao, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 89526. Anolis smallwoodi: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Eauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):56. (1) Anolis smallwoodi smallwoodi Schwartz Anolis smallwoodi smallwoodi: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134);56. Distribution. Cuba; in Oriente Province, from the eastern end of the Sierra Maestra (Hongolosongo) around the head of the BahTa de Santiago, east to the Bahia de Guantanamo; primarily a lowland subspecies but occurring as high as 3350 feet on Gran Piedra. (2) Anolis smallwoodi palardis Schwartz Anolis equestris palardis Schwartz, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(2):416. Type- locality: Rio Yateras, 5 mi. N of river mouth, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: CM 33320. Anolis smallwoodi palardis: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):59. Distribution. Southern Oriente, from Guantanamo to Baitiquirr, and inland to Monte Libano in the Sierra del Guaso. (3) Anolis smallwoodi saxuliceps Schwartz Anolis equestris saxuliceps Schwartz, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 131(12):422. Type-locality: Moa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: HZM 5376. Anolis smallwoodi saxuliceps: Schwartz and Garrido, 1972, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 39(134):63. Distribution. Cuba, between Moa and Felicidad, Oriente Province. ANOLIS SMARAGDINUS Barbour and Shreve Anolis smaragdinus Barbour and Shreve. 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5):355. Type-locality: Mortimer's, South Point. Long Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 37983. (1) Anolis smaragdinus smaragdinus Barbour and Shreve, new combination Distribution. Bahama Is.: Berry Is. (Frazer's Hog Cay, Great Harbour Cay), Andros I., New Providence I., Eleuthera I., Long I., Cat I., Exuma Cays (Ship Channel Cay, Compass Cay, Sampson Cay, Staniel Cay, Great Exuma I.,), Ragged Is. (Flamingo Cay, Great Ragged I., Little Ragged I.). (2) Anolis smaragdinus fairchildi Barbour and Shreve, new combination Anolis fairchildi Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5):357. Type-locality: Cav Sal. Bahama Islands. Holotype: USNM 81527. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Cav Sal Bank (Cav Sal; Cotton Cav near Anguilla Cav). (3) Anolis smaragdinus lerneri Oliver, new combination Anolis carolinensis lerneri Oliver, 1948, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1383):7. Type- locality: Southern end of North Bimini Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 68535. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Bimini Is. (North Bimini I., South Bimini I., North Cat Cav). REMARKS. A. smaragdinus has long been considered conspecific with con- tinental A. carolinensis Voigt, but recent electrophoretic evidence suggests that the Bahamian populations (smaragdinus) and the Cuban population (porcatus) are distinct from A. carolinensis, despite absence of external morphological characters. Among the subspecies of A. smaragdinus, fairchildi is quite distinct, but lerneri seems very close to both smaragdinus and A. carolinensis. The entire complex of A. caro//nens;s-type anoles needs intensive study. ANOLIS SPECTRUM Peters Anolis spectrum Peters, 1863, Monatsb. Akad. wiss. Berlin:136. Type-locality: Cuba; effectively restricted by Gundlach, 1875, Cat. rept. cubanos 4:358, to the vicinity of Matanzas and Cardenas, Matanzas Province, Cuba; further restricted bv Garrido and Schwartz, 1972, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 85(45):512, to the mogotes at San Miguel de los Banos, 500 meters from the swimming pool at San Miguel, before arriving at the rTo Los Paredones, Matanzas Province, Cuba (but see REMARKS below). Syntypes: ZMB 421a-b. Anolis spectrum sumiderensis Peters, 1970, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 46(1);226. Type- locality: Valle de Pica Pica near Sumidero, Pinar del Rm Province, Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 41783. Distribution. Cuba; reported from the region of the Valle de Pica Pica, Pinar-del Rio Province, and Los Montes, 4 km N Carlos Roias and San Miguel de los Banos, Matanzas Province. REMARKS. The type-locality restriction by Garrido and Schwartz (op. cit.) may not be correct, since A. spectrum has since been found north of Carlos Roias, nearer to the possible collection site of the type-material as suggested by Gundlach. ANOLIS STRATULUS Cope Anolis striatulus (sic) Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:209. Type- locality: St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 7790-800, MCZ 21217. Anolis stratulus: Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren. K^benhavn :255. Distribution. The Puerto Rico Bank: widespread at low to intermediate eleva- tions in Puerto Rico, although there are few records from the northwestern part of the island. Also known from Cayo Santiago and Isla Pineros (off Puerto Rico), Isla Vieques, Isla Culebra, St. Thomas (and satellites Saba I., Savana I., Bovoni Cay, Patricia Cay, Trunk Cay, Prickly Pear I., Water I., Thatch I., Great St. fames I., and Little St. James I.), Whistling Cay, Mingo Cay, Congo Cay, Lovango Cay, St. John (and Flanagan I. and Leduck I.), Tortola, jost Van Dyke, Great Camanoe I., Peter I., Guana I., Fallen Jerusalem, Virgin Gorda (including Mosquito Cay), and Anegada. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (many localities) to at least 1200 feet (5 mi. NW Lares, Puerto Rico). 106 ANOLIS TRINITATIS Reinhardt and Lutken Anolis trinitatis Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren. K^benhavn :269. Type-locality: Trinidad; revised to Kingston, St. George Parish, St. Vincent, by Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):77. Holotype: UZM R.37145. Anolis vincentii Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:22. Type-locality: St. Vincent. Syntypes: ANSP 23008, USNM 39301-02, MCZ 6178-79. Distribution. St. Vincent and Chateaubelair I. Lazell (1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):79) stated that "'Anolis trinitatis occurs throughout St. Vincent, and on all its coastal cays, to at least 3000 feet.” Also on Trinidad, apparently introduced. ANOLIS VALENCIENNI Dumeril and Bibron Xiphocercus valencienni Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:131. Type-locality: Unknown. Holotype: MNHN 2446. Placopsis ocellata Gosse, 1850, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2(5):334. Type-locality: Cave, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.5.53, BMNH 1946.8. 29.23-. 24, BMNH 1946.9.7. 3-.5. Anolis valenciennessi (sic): Etheridge, 1960, Univ. Microfilms Inc., Ph. D. thesis:92. Distribution. Known from widely and somewhat uneyenly dispersed localities throughout Jamaica; not recorded from Hanoyer, much of St. Elizabeth, or southern Clarendon parishes. Altitudinal distribution from sea leyel (various localities) to Clifton in the upper Yallahs Valley. ANOLrS VANIDICUS Garrido and Schwartz Anolis vanidicus Garrido and Schwartz, 1972, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 85(45):515. Type-locality: 4 km W, 12 km N Trinidad (road to Topes de Collantes), Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78400. (1) Anolis vanidicus vanidicus Garrido and Schwartz Anolis vanidicus vanidicus Garrido and Schwartz, 1972, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington 85(45):515. Distribution. Cuba: uolands of the Sierra de Trinidad, centering about Topes de Collantes, but apparentlv also occurring at lower elevations near Soledad. (2) Anolis vanidicus rejectus Garrido and Schwartz Anolis vanidicus rejectus Garrido and Schwartz, 1972, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton 85(45) :517. Type-locality: 2 mi. (3.2 km) N Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: ChM 55.1.63. Distribution. Known onlv from the tvpe-localitv but presumed to occur in the Sierra de Boniato. ANOLIS VERMICULATUS Dumeril and Bibron Anolis vermiculatus Dumeril and Bibron. 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:128. Type-locality: Cuba: restricted bv Ruibal, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 130(8);511, to Vmales, Pinar del Rio Province. Cuba. Syntypes: MNHN 2407. MNHN 2349. Distribution. Cuba: the Sierra de los Organos — Sierra del Rosario massifs, from Pan de Azucar in the west to Soroa in the east; associated with streams in which it seeks refuge. 107 ANGUS WATTSI Boulenger Anolis watts} Bouleneer. 1894. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 6(14) :375. Type-locality: Antigua: restricted to St. lohn's. St. John Parish. Antigua, bv Lazell. 1972, Bull. Mus. Como. Zool. 143(1):26. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.29.12-.13. (1) Anolis wattsi wattsi Boulenger Anolis wattsi wattsi: Lazell. 1972. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):26. Distribution. Antigua and associated islets, including Long I., Great Bird I., Guana I., Green I., and York I.; according to Lazell (1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):29) "on every coastal cay [of Antigua] that supports more than herb stage vegetation.” Introduced on St. Lucia at Castries (Botanical Garden). (2) Anolis wattsi forresti Barbour Anolis forresti Barbour. 1923. Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan 132:4. Type-locality: Barbuda: restricted to the town of Codrington, Barbuda, bv Lazell. 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):30. Holotype: MCZ 16170. Anolis a/ter Williams, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 127(9):463. Type-locality: Derbv Cave. Barbuda. Holotype: UF/FSM 12457. Anolis wattsi forresti: Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1 ):30. Distribution. Barbuda. (3) Anolis wattsi pogus Lazell Anolis wattsi pogus Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1):35. Type-locality: Columbier Valley, French St. -Martin. Holotype: MCZ 127052. Distribution. Apparently confined to ravines in the interior uplands of St.- Martin: known to have occurred on Anguilla, where now evidently extinct: may also have occurred on St.-Barthelemy. (4) Anolis wattsi schwartzi Lazell Anolis wattsi schwartzi Lazell, 1972, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143(1 ):32. Type- locality: Nevis Peak: south slope above Rawlings, 2500 feet, Nevis. Holotype: MCZ 127088. Distribution. St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, and Nevis. ANOLIS WHITEMANI Williams Anolis whitemani Williams, 1963, Breviora (197) :2. Type-locality: Road to Eaux Gaillees, Departement de TOuest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 60055. Distribution. Hispaniola: associated with the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain in Haiti and the Republica Dominicana, from between Duvalierville and Source Matelas and from 9.2 km N Croix des Bouquets in the west to 14.8 mi. NE Palo Alto in the east; also the Llanos de Azua (Tabara Abajo, Azua Province), northern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco (Puerto Escondido), and into the Morne de Trou-d’Eau to Terre Rouge, 13 mi. S Mirebalais; apparently isolated populations in the vicinity of Monte Cristi in northwestern Republica Domini- cana and Mole St. Nicholas in northwestern Haiti. Altitudinal distribution from below sea level (Duverge, Mella) to about 1500 feet (Terre Rouge: Puerto Escondido). ARISTELLIGER BARBOURI Noble and Klingel Aristelligella barbouri Noble and Klingel, 1932, Amer. Mus. Novitates (549) :4. Type-locality: South West Point, Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holo- typc: AMNH 458,29. Aristelliger cocbranae barbouri: Hecht, 1951, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1538);24. Aristelliger barbouri: Schwartz, 1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17) ;260. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Great Inagua I. including Sheep Cay. ARISTELLIGER COCHRANAE Grant Aristelliger cocbranae Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(4) :399. Type-local- ity: Navassa Island. Holotype: UMMZ 73760. (1) Aristelliger cocbranae cocbranae Grant Aristelliger cocbranae cocbranae: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449):10. Distribution. Navassa Island. (2) Aristelliger cocbranae expectatus Cochran Aristelliger expectatus Cochran, 1933, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 46:33. Type- locality: Jacmel, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 75908. Aristelliger cocbranae expectatus: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449):10. Distribution. Hispaniola: the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti (Cavaillon, Aquin, near Mirago^ne, Jacmel, Port-au-Prince); the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain in both Haiti (Thomazeau, Fond Parisien) and the Republica Dominicana (Duverge, Mella, Neiba) east to Barahona, and along the eastern coast of the Peninsula de Barahona (La Cienaga) to Oviedo and west of Pedernales; in northern Republica Dominicana, the extreme western xeric Valle de Cibao (Pepillo Salcedo): in central Haiti, the Plaine de I’Artibonite (Dessalines); lie de la Gon^ve; lie de la Tortue; He Grande Caymite; Isla Alto Velo; Isla Cabritos in Lago Enriquillo. ARISTELLIGER GEORGEENSIS Bocourt Idiodactylus georgeensis Bocourt, 1873, Miss. Sci. Mex. 3:41. Type-locality: St. George Island off British Honduras. Syntypes: MNHN 2442. Aristelliger georgeensis: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):259. Distribution. Isla de Providencia, Isla Sta. Catalina, Crab Cay (off Sta. Catalina), and Isla San Andres: also Quintana Roo, Mexico, including Isla de Cozumel, Belize and some of its coastal islands. ARISTELLIGER LAR Cope Aristelliger lar Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:497. Type-locality: Near jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 3607. Distribution. Hispaniola: widespread but apparently local in both Haiti (vicinity of the type-locality, Cap-HaYtien) and the Republica Dominicana (vicinity of Barahona south to Los Patos, vicinity of Sosua and Rfo San Juan, vicinity of Boca de Yuma, Peninsula de Samana), Cayos Siete Hermanos (Cayo Monte Grande). ARISTELLIGER PRAESIGNIS Hallowell Hemidactylus praesignis Hallowell, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 8:222. Type-locality: Jamaica. Syntypes: ANSP 7443-44. Aristelliger praesignis: Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:496. (1) Aristelliger praesignis praesignis Hallowell Aristelliger praesignis praesignis: Hecht. 1951, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1538):24. Distribution. Throughout Jamaica, principally at low elevations; also known from the Bogue Is. off Montego Bay, the Morant Cays (Northeast, Southwest, Middle, and Rocky cays). Southwest Cay of the Pedro Cays, and the Cayman Is., including Grand Cayman, Little Cayman (and Owen I.), and Cayman Brae. (2) Aristelliger praesignis nelsoni Barbour Aristelliger nelsoni Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):258. Type- locality: The Swan Islands. Holotype: MCZ 7891. Aristelliger praesignis nelsoni: Hecht, 1951, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1538):24. Distribution. Swan I. and Little Swan I. BACHIA HETEROPUS Lichtenstein Chalcides heteropus Lichtenstein, 1856, Nomencl. Rept. Amph. Mus. Zool. Berolinensis:^?. Type-locality: La Guaira, Venezuela. Holotype: SMF 39900. Bachia anomala Roux, 1929, Verb. Nat. Ges. Basel 40:31. Type-locality: El Mene, Distrito Acosta, Estado Ealcon, Venezuela. Holotype: MB 9912. Bachia heteropa: Ruthven, 1925, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 28(3):105. (1) Bachia heteropus alleni Barbour Scolecosarus (sic) alleni Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):315. Type-locality: St. George, St. George's Parish, Grenada. Holotype: MCZ 7793. Scolecosaurus alleni parviceps Barbour, 1933, Copeia (2):77. Type-locality: Cannouan I., Grenadine Is. Holotype: MCZ 32345. Bachia heteropa alleni: Dixon, 1973, Misc. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas (57): 34. Distribution. The Grenada Bank islands of Cannouan, Bequia, and Grenada; also Tobago. REMARKS. Four other subspecies of 6. heteropus occur from Trinidad through northern Venezuela (B. h. trinitatis Barbour, B. h. heteropus, B. h. marcellae Donoso-Barros and Garrido, and B. h. lineata Boulenger). CHAMAELEOLIS CHAMAELEONIDES Dumeril and Bibron Anolis chamaeleonides Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:168. Type-locality: Cuba. Restricted by Garrido and Schwartz, 1968, Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 30(3):202, to the vicinity of La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 1004. Chamaeolis fernandina Cocteau, 1838 or 1839, in de la Sagra, Historia ... c/e Cuba 4:90. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 1004. Pseudochamaeleon cocteaui Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept. :63. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 1004. Chamaeleolis chamaeleontides: Boulenger, 1885, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. 2:7. Distribution. Cuba: islandwide but apparently absent in Oriente Province ex- cept for the southwestern portion (Buey Arriba): Isla de Pinos. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to about 1000 feet. 110 REMARKS. Peters (1970, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 46(1), 202-203) suggested that the genus Chamaeleolis be synonymized with Anolis, but we follow a more conservative course here. CHAMAELEOLIS PORCUS Cope Chamaeleolis porcus Cope, 1864, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 16:168. Type- locality: Cuba; restricted by Garrido and Schwartz, 1968, Quart, j. Florida Acad. Sci. 30(3):209, to the vicinity of the city of Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: ANSP8133. Distribution. Cuba: primarily the eastern two-thirds of Oriente Province, east of a line between Gibara in the north and Pico Turquino in the south (recently collected near Holguin in this region); also in the Sierra de Trinidad, Las Villas Province, and the Sierra del Rosario, Pinar del Rio Province. Altitudinal distri- bution from sea level to 2000 feet. CHAMAELINOROPS BARBOURI Schmidt Chamaelinorops barbouri Schmidt, 1919, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 41(12):523. Type-locality: ''Navassa Island;” restricted by Thomas, 1966, J. Ohio Herpet. Soc. 5(3):79, to populations in extreme western Tiburon Peninsula (Massif de la Hotte), Haiti. Holotype: AMNH 12602. Chamaelinorops wetmorei Cochran, 1928, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41;45. Type- locality: Fond des Negres, 20 km SW Miragoane, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 72630. Distribution. Hispaniola; throughout the south island, in the Massif de la Hotte, the Massif de la Selle, and the Sierra de Baoruco, also in the Cordillera Central at Limoncito, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Altitudinal distribution from 800 feet to 4400 feet. REMARKS. Thomas (1966, J. Ohio Herpet. Soc. 5(3):78-79) suggested that there are two subspecies of C. barbouri, but more recently collected material indi- cates that the supposed subspecies cannot be differentiated on characters formerly used in the genus. The Cordillera Central specimen is unique, and the status of that population remains in doubt. CNEMIDOPHORUS LEMNISCATUS Li nnaeus Lacerta lemniscata Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1;209. Type-locality: “Guinea” (= Guyana); restricted by Hoogmoed, 1973, Biogeographica (4):43, to the confluence of the Cottica River and the Perica Creek, Suriname. Syn- types: Three specimens in the SMNH. Cnemidophorus lemniscatus: Dumeril and Bibron, 1839, Erp. Gen. 5;123. (1) Cnemidophorus lemniscatus lemniscatus Linnaeus Cnemidophorus lemniscatus lemniscatus: Beebe, 1919, Zoologica (New York) 2:212. Distribution. Swan Is., Isla San Andres, Isla de Providencia, and Isla Sta. Catalina; on the mainland, lowlands from Central America throughout tropical South America including Trinidad, Tobago, and other coastal islands. CNEMIDOPHORUS VANZOI Baskin and Williams Ameiva vanzoi Baskin and Williams, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 23(89):146. Type-locality: Southernmost of two Maria Islands off the south- eastern end of St. Lucia. Holotype: MCZ 69112. Cnemidophorus vanzoi: Presch, 1971, J. Herp. 5(3/4) :184. 111 Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. CRICOSAURA TYPICA Gundlach and Peters Cricosaura typica Gundlach and Peters, 1863, Monatsb. Akad. wiss. Berlin (1863):362. Type-locality: Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province, Cuba. Syntypes: ZMB 4832, ZMB 5071. Distribution: Known from the vicinity of the type-locality, Verreon, Belie, and at Uvero (south of Pico Turquino), in southwestern Oriente Province, Cuba. CTENOSAURA SIMILIS Gray Iguana (Ctenosaura) similis Grav, 1831, in Griffith, Cuvier's Anim. Kingd. 9:38. Type-locality: Not Riven; restricted to Tela, Honduras, bv Bailey, 1929, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 73(12):32. Holotype: Unlocated. Ctenosaura similis multipunctata Barbour and Shreve, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:197. Type-locality: Isla de Providencia, Colombia. Holotype: MCZ 36830. Distribution. Isla San Andres and Isla de Providencia; on the mainland from southern Mexico to Panama. CYCLURA CARINATA Harlan Cyclura carinata Harlan, 1825, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 4:250. Type-locality: “Turk’s Island.’’ Holotype: unlocated. (1) Cyclura carinata carinata Harlan Cyclura carinata carinata: Barbour, 1935, Zoologica (New York) 19(3):118. Distribution. Turks Islands (Big Sand Cay, Long Cay); Caicos Islands (Pine Cay, Ft. George Cay, North Caicos, Big Iguana Cay off East Caicos I., Long Cay off South Caicos I., Big Ambergris Cay, Little Amergris Cay). (2) Cyclura carinata bartschi Cochran Cyclura carinata bartschi Cochran, 1931, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 21(3):39. Type-locality: Boobv Cav. east of MayaRuana Island, Bahama Islands. Holo- type: USNM 81212. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. REMARKS. The arranRement of Cyclura used herein is that of Schwartz and Carev (in oreo.). CYCLURA COLLEI Gray Cyclura Collei Gray, 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.. 190. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: BMNH 1936.12.3.108. Cyclura lophoma Gosse, 1848, Proc. Zool. Soc. London :99. Type-locality: Between Spanishtown and Passage-fort, Jamaica. Holotype: BMNH 47.12.27.101. Distribution. Jamaica, including Goat I. and Little Goat I.; now close to extinction. REMARKS. C. collei may never have been widespread; Gosse (1851, Natural- ist’s Sojourn in Jamaica), quoted Hill, who stated that the species was confined to the xeric limestone hills (Hellshire Hills) between Goat Island and Kingston (fide Grant, 1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 1:99). 112 CYCLURA CORNUTA Bonnaterre Lacerta cornuta Bonnaterre, 1789, Tab. Encyclo. Method. Regnes Nature, Erp.: 40. Type-locality: Sainte-Domingue . . . dans les mornes de Thopital, entre TArtibonite & les GonaVves. Holotype: unlocated. Cyclura cornuta: Cope, 1886, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 23(122);263. (1) Cyclura cornuta cornuta Bonnaterre Cyclura cornuta cornuta: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2);132. Distribution. Hispaniola: widespread in xeric areas in both Haiti and the Republica Dominicana; Isla Beata; He de la Petite Gonave; He de la Tortue; He Grande Cayemite; reported from Isla Saona and Isla Cabritos. (2) Cyclura cornuta onchiopsis Cope, new combination Cyclura onchiopsis Cope, 1885, Amer. Nat. 19(10) :1006. Type-locality: Navassa Island. Syntypes: USNM 9977, USNM 12239, MCZ 4717. Cyclura nigerrima Cope, 1886, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 23(122) :264. Type-locality: Navassa Island. Holotype: USNM 9974. Distribution. Navassa Island. (3) Cyclura cornuta stejnegeri Barbour and Noble Cyclura stejnegeri Barbour and Noble, 1916, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 60(4) :163. Type-locality: Isla Mona. Holotype: USNM 29367. Cyclura cornuta stejnegeri: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 81(2):132. Distribution. Isla Mona. CYCLURA CYCHLURA Cuvier Iguana cychlura Cuvier, 1829, Reg. Animal 2:45. Type-locality: "Carolina." Holotype: MNHN 2367. (1) Cyclura cychlura cychlura Cuvier, new combination Cyclura baeolopha Cope, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:123. Type- locality: Andros Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: ANSP8120. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Andros I. (2) Cyclura cychlura figginsi Barbour, new combination Cyclura figginsi Barbour, 1923, Proc. New England Zool. Club 8:108. Type- locality: Bitter Guana Cav, near Great Exuma Island, Exuma Cavs, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 17745. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Exuma Cays (Guana Cay, Prickly Pear Cay, Allen Cay, Guana Cay off north end of Normans Pond Cay, Ozie Cay?, Bitter Guana Cay, Gaulin Cay). (3) Cyclura cychlura inornata Barbour and Noble, new combination Cyclura inornata Barbour and Noble. 1916, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 60(4):151. Type-locality: U Cay in Allan's Harbour, near Highborn Cay, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 11062. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Exuma Cays (U Cay or Southwest Allan's Cay, Leaf Cay). CYCLURA NUBILA Gray Iguana (Cyclura) Nubila Gray. 1831, in Griffith, Cuvier's Anim. Kingd. 9:39. Type- locality: South America? Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.29. (1) Cyclura nubila nubila Gray, new combination Cyclura harlani Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:218. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: MNHN A661, MNHN 2367. Cyclura Macleayi Gray, 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.;190. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.4.28. Distribution. Cuba and Isla de Pinos; Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Matias, Cayo Hicacos, Cayo Ayalos, Cayo Majaes, Cayo la Piedra); Cayos de San Felipe (Cayo Juan Garcia); jardin de la Reina (Cayo Cachiboca and adja- cent keys); Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo Bahfa de Cadiz, Cayo Conuco, Cayo Santa Marla, Cayo Monitos de jutfa, Cayo Tio Pepe), and pre- sumably many other islets and keys. (2) Cyclura nubila caymanensis Barbour and Noble, new combination Cyclura caymanensis Barbour and Noble, 1916, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 60(4) :148. Type-locality: Probably Cayman Brae, Cayman Islands. Holotype: MCZ 10534. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Little Cayman I., Cayman Brae; introduced on Grand Cayman. (3) Cyclura nubila lewisi Grant, new combination Cyclura macleayi lewisi Grant, 1941, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 2:35. Type- locality: Battle Hill, east end of Grand Cayman Island, Cayman Islands. Holo- type: BMNH 1939.2.3.68. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Grand Cayman I. CYCLURA PINGUIS Barbour Cyclura pinguis Barbour, 1917, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 30:100. Type-locality: Anegada Island, British Virgin Islands. Holotype: MCZ 12082. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. REMARKS. Cyclura mattea Miller (1919, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 54:509; type- locality: kitchen midden at Magen’s Bay, St. Thomas, Virgin Is.) and C. portoricensis Barbour (1919, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 32:146; type-locality: Ciales Cave, Puerto Rico) may be conspecific with C pinguis, since all islands involved are on the Puerto Rico Bank, but C mattea and C. portoricensis are known only from skeletal remains. CYCLURA RICORDI Dumeril and Bibron Aloponotus ricordii Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:190. Type-locality: Sainte-Domingue. Holotype: MNHN 8304. Cyclura ricordii: Cochran, 1924, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 66(6) :5. Distribution. Hispaniola: known by specimens only from the Valle de Neiba in the Republica Dominicana and the Peninsula de Barahona south of the Sierra de Baoruco; Isla Cabritos in Lago Enriquillo; presumably occurring also in the Haitian Cul de Sac Plain. 114 CYCLURA RILEYI Stejneger Cyclura rileyi Stejneger, 1903, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 16:129. Type-locality: San Salvador Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: USNM 31969. (1) Cyclura rileyi rileyi Stejneger, new combination Distribution. Bahama Islands: San Salvador I., including Man Head Cay and Green Cay. (2) Cyclura rileyi cristata Schmidt, new combination Cyclura cristata Schmidt, 1920, Proc. Linnaean Soc. New York 33:6. Type- locality: White Cay (north of Watling’s Island), Bahama Islands; corrected by Schmidt, 1936, Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 20(16):128, to White Cay, Exuma Cays, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 7238. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (3) Cyclura rileyi nuchalis Barbour and Noble, new combination Cyclura nuchalis Barbour and Noble, 1916, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 60(4):156. Type-locality: Fortune Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: ANSP 11985. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Fortune I., Fish Cay, North Cay, Crooked- Acklin’s group. DIPLOGLOSSUS AGASEPSOIDES Thomas Diploglossus agasepsoides Thomas, 1971, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Louisiana State Univ. (40) :2. Type-locality: Barreras, Azua Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 166964. Distribution. Hispaniola: Republica Dominicana; known from the type-locality on the eastern edge of the Sierra Martin Garcia, and from the western edge of this same range (3 km NE Puerto Alejandro, Barahona Province), and from the Peninsula de Barahona (Sabana de Haitielas= less than 10 km SE of the inter- section of the Oviedo-Pedernales road with the Cabo Rojo road; 7 and 17 km NW Oviedo, all in Pedernales Province). Altitudinal distribution from 240 feet to 630 feet. DIPLOGLOSSUS BARBOURI Grant Celestus harbouri Grant, 1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 1:101. Type-locality: Mandeville, Manchester Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 45169. Diploglossus barbouri: Underwood, 1959, Breviora (102) :10. Distribution. Known from a few widely scattered localities in central Jamaica (St. James, Trelawny, Manchester, and St. Ann parishes), most of which are interior and upland. Altitudinal distribution to at least 2000 feet (2.5 mi, SE Bamboo, St. Ann Parish); the lowest elevation is not recorded but is probably Fern Gully (St. Ann Parish). DIPLOGLOSSUS COSTATUS Cope Panolopus costatus Cope, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:494. Type- locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 3606. Diploglossus costatus: Carman, 1887, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:23. 115 (1) Diploglossus costatus costatus Cope Celestus phoxinus Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:125. Type-locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 12457. Diploglossus ohiendorffii Fischer, 1886, Jahrb. wiss. Anst. Hamburg 3:17. Type- locality: Haiti. Holotype: formerly in HZM, now destroyed. Diploglossus nuchalis Boulenger, 1899, Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1898:920. Type- locality: unknown. Holotype: BMNH 97.3.16.1. Diploglossus costatus costatus: Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):21. Distribution. Hispaniola: the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from Dame-Marie and Jeremie, south to Camp Perrin, and east to the vicinity of Mirago^ne (4.7 mi. SW Paillant); no records from the southern coast of this region. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Dame-Marie, jeremie) to 3800 feet (2 km S Castillon), possibly even higher (Tardieu and Roche Croix on the slopes of Pic Macaya). (2) Diploglossus costatus badius Cope Celestus badius Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:126. Type- locality: Navassa Island. Syntypes: USNM 25817-18. Diploglossus costatus badius: Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):39. Distribution. Navassa Island. (3) Diploglossus costatus chalcorbabdus Schwartz Diploglossus costatus chalcorbabdus Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):37. Type-locality: 0.9 mi. SF. El Macao, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77158. Distribution. Extreme eastern Republica Dominicana, from the vicinity of the type-locality in the north to 8 km E La Romana, La Romana Province, in the south. (4) Diploglossus costatus emys Schwartz Diploglossus costatus emys Schwartz, 1971, J. Herp. 5(3/4) :163. Type-locality: Palmiste, lie de la Tortue, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 167300. Distribution, lie de la Tortue, (5) Diploglossus costatus leionotus Schwartz Diploglossus costatus leionotus Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):28. Type-locality: 15 km SE San Juan, San Juan Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77154. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the xeric Valle de San Juan and inter- montane valleys in the Sierra de Neiba, east into the Llanos de Azua (1 km S Yayas de Viajama) and onto xeric southern slopes of the Cordillera Central (5 km S Padre las Casas). Altitudinal distribution from about 1400 feet to 2400 feet (4.3 mi. NW Vallejuelo). (6) Diploglossus costatus melanchrous Schwartz Diploglossus costatus melanchrous Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):34. Type-locality: 8 km E Gaspar Hernandez, Espaillat Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77157. 116 Distribution. Hispaniola: in north-central and northeastern Haiti, from the vicinity of Le Borgne, Dept, du Nord east to the vicinity of Cap-HaTtien; pre- sumably continuously distributed into the Republica Dominicana, where known from the Dominico-Haitian border (Restauracion, Dajabon Province; 5.6 km NW Rio Limpio, La Estrelleta Province) to eastern Monte Cristi Province (Cana), along the north coast including the Peninsula de Samana and along the southern shore of the Bahia de Samana east to Playa El Coco, La Altagracia Province; inland to north of Hato Mayor, El Seibo Province, near Yamasa, San Cristobal Province, and Rancho Arriba, Peravia Province, and north along eastern and northern slopes of the Cordillera Central (1.5 km W Jayaco, La Vega Province) and into these mountains near Jarabacoa and Paso Bajito, La Vega Province. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Sosua, Caba, and many other localities near sea level) to 4000 feet (7 km E Paso Bajito). (7) Diploglossus costatus neiba Schwartz Diploglossus costatus neiba Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gal- lery Sci. Publ. (13):30. Type-locality: 19 km SW Hondo Valle, 6100 feet. La Estrelleta Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77155. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; known from the Sierra de Neiba along the Dominico-Haitian border in La Estrelleta and Independencia provinces, from 0.7 mi. W and 17.3 mi. N La Descubierta and the road to Guayabal in the south to 9.4 mi. S ElTas Pina in the north. Altitudinal distribution from 3300 feet (9.4 mi. S ElTas Pina) to 6100 feet (type-locality); the Guayabal locality is somewhat lower and on the more xeric southern slopes of the Sierra de Neiba. (8) Diploglossus costatus nesobous Schwartz Diploglossus costatus nesobous Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):23. Type-locality: Western end, lle-a-Vache, Haiti. Holo- type: MCZ 77153. Distribution. lle-a-Vache. (9) Diploglossus costatus oreistes Schwartz Diploglossus costatus oreistes Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):25. Type-locality: Oriani, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 74940. Distribution. Hispaniola: known from southeastern Haiti at both coastal (Morne de Cayette) and upland (Peneau, Eurcy, Kenscoff) localities on the Montagne Noire and the Massif de la Selle (La Visite, Foret des Pins, Oriani) into the Republica Dominicana in this range (between 9 km N Pedernales and El Aguacate), east throughout the Sierra de Baoruco (Aceitillar, Las Mercedes, Las Auyamas, Polo, 15 km SW Cabral) to the eastern coast of the Penmsula de Barahona (Los Patos, Enriquillo, 1 km NE Paraiso); also on the southern coast of the Dept, de I’Ouest in Haiti (between La Montagne and 2.5 mi. NNE Marigot) and onto lower southern slopes of the Massif de la Selle (10 mi. NNE Marigot; Bas Cap Rouge, 10 km NE jacmel; 3.8 - 5.4 mi. SW Seguin). Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Los Patos, Cayes jacmel) to 7600 feet (12 km NE Los Arroyos). (10) Diploglossus costatus psychonothes Schwartz Diploglossus costatus psychonothes Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):32. Type-locality: 1 mi. S Constanza, 4000 feet. La VeRa Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77156. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; higher elevations in the Cordillera Central, from Constanza to 18.5 km SE Constanza. Altitudinal distribution from 4000 feet (type-locality) to 5800 feet (18.5 km SE Constanza). (11) Diploglossus costatus saonae Schwartz Diploglossus costatus saonae Schwartz, 1971, J. Herp. 5(3/4):161. Type-local- ity: 0.5 mi. W Mano Juan, Isla Saona, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 52285. Distribution. Isla Saona. REMARKS. Specimens of D. costatus from northern Haiti (Dondon; jean Bernard between Cap-HaVtien and Grande Riviere du Nord; and Grande Riviere du Nord, all in the Dept, du Nord; and near Marmelade, Dept, de I’Artibonite) remain unassigned subspecifically. DIPLOGLOSSUS CRUSCULUS Carman Diploglossus crusculus Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:22. Type-locality: Kingston, Kingston Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 6051. (1) Diploglossus crusculus crusculus Garman, new combination Celestus crusculus crusculus: Grant, 1940, iama/ca Today: 157. Distribution. Coastal areas of Jamaica, except for the region between Buff Bay and Boston Bay in the northeast. (2) Diploglossus crusculus cundalli Grant, new combination Celestus crusculus cundalli Grant, 1940, jama/ca Today: 157. Type-locality: Mandeville, Manchester Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 45163. Distribution. The interior of Jamaica, at elevations of 2000 to 4000 feet. (3) Diploglossus crusculus maculatus Garman, new combination Diploglossus maculatus Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 20:5. Type-locality: Cayman Brae, Cayman Islands. Holotype: MCZ 6231. Celestus crusculus maculatus: Cousens, 1956, Breviora (56) :2. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Little Cayman and Cayman Brae. (4) Diploglossus crusculus moleswortbi Grant, new combination Celestus crusculus moleswortbi Grant, 1940, /ama/ca Today: 157. Type-locality: Near Buff Bay, Portland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 45184. Distribution. The coastal region of northeastern Jamaica between Buff Bay and Boston Bay. REMARKS. We have followed Grant (1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 1:105) in stating distributions of the Jamaican subspecies of D. crusculus. However, recently collected material, now being studied, indicates that geographic variation in this species is more complex than envisioned by Grant. DIPLOGLOSSUS CURTISSI Grant Celestus curtissi Grant, 1951, Copeia (1):68. Type-locality: Trou Eorban, Departe- ment del’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 11733. Diploglossus curtissi: Underwood, 1959, Breviora (102) :13. (1) Diploglossus curtissi curtissi Grant Diploglossus curtissi curtissi: Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):40. 118 Distribution. Hispaniola: in Haiti, from Pierre Payen, 9 mi. S St. Marc, south- eastward to the Cul de Sac Plain (Manneville, Glore) and into the Republica Dominicana (2 km E Boca de Cachon, Independencia Province); the Montagnes du Trou-d'Eau to Terre Rouge and Eond Michelle; He de la GonSve (Anse a Galets). Altitudinal distribution from below sea level (Manneville) to 1800 feet Terre Rouge and Fond Michelle). (2) Diploglossus curtissi aporus Schwartz Diploglossus curtissi aporus Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gal- lery Sci. Publ. (13):45. Type-locality: 13.1 mi. SW Enriquillo, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77159. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from near Barahona in the northeast, along the eastern shore of the Penmsula de Barahona (Caleton) to the type- locality, and west to Pedernales on the Dominico-Haitian border. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to about 1000 feet (Las Mercedes) on southern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco. (3) Diploglossus curtissi diastatus Schwartz Diploglossus curtissi diastatus Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):42. Type-locality: Bombardopolis, Departement du Nord Quest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 63402. Distribution. Haiti; the Presqu’Tle du Nord Quest, from the type-locality. Mole St. Nicholas, and between Jean Rabel and Port a I'Ecu; He de la Tortue (Palmiste). (4) Diploglossus curtissi hylonomus Schwartz Diploglossus curtissi hylonomus Schwartz, 1964. Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):49. Type-locality: 0.5 mi. NW Boca de Yuma, La Alta- gracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77160. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the southeastern coast from east of the Rio Qzama (6 km E Santo Domingo) to south of Cabo Engano (1.2 km SSW Punta Cana). REMARKS. D. curtissi has been taken on Isla Catalina near La Romana, but this population remains unassigned subspecifically. DIPLOGLOSSUS DARLINGTONI Cochran Celestus darlingtoni Cochran, 1939, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18:2. Type- locality: Valle Nuevo, in the Cordillera Central southeast of Constanza, eleva- tion 6000 feet - 8000 feet. La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 44374. Diploglossus darlingtoni: Underwood, 1959, Breviora (102) :13. Distribution. Hispaniola; in the Cordillera Central, Republica Dominicana, where known from Loma Rucilla and La Comparticion in San Juan and La Vega provinces, and between 16 km SE Constanza and 13.6 km SE Valle Nuevo on the road between Constanza and San Jose de Qcoa. Altitudinal distribution from 5250 feet (16 km SE Constanza) to 8200 feet (27 km SE Constanza). DIPLOGLOSSUS DELASAGRA Cocteau Scincus (Diploglossus) delasagra Cocteau, 1838 or 1839, in de la Sagra, Historia . . . de Cuba :180. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: MNHN 2856, MNHN 2858, MNHN 2859, RNH 3626. 119 (1) Diploglossus delasagra delasagra Cocteau Celestas delasagra delasagra: Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9):378 (by inference). Diploglossus delasagra: Underwood, 1959, Breviora (102):2. Distribution. Cuba: from Pinar del Rio Province east to Oriente Province (Gibara); specimens from northeastern Camaguey Province (Banao; Senado) are apparently intergradient between delasagra and nigropunctatus but occur far to the west of a known station for delasagra. (2) Diploglossus delasagra nigropunctatus Barbour and Shreve Celestas delasagra nigropunctata Barbour and Shreve, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 80(9) :378. Type-locality: Mountains north of ImTas, ca. 3000 feet altitude, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 42504. Diploglossus delasagra nigropunctatus: Underwood, 1959, Breviora (102):2 (by inference). Distribution. Extreme eastern Cuba where known from the type-locality, the vicinity of Baracoa (El Yunque de Baracoa), and Cuchillo de Guajimero. REMARKS. The extent of the area of intergradation between the two subspecies of D. delasagra is poorly understood. DIPLOGLOSSUS DUQUESNEYI Grant Celestas duquesneyi Grant, 1940, Jamaica Today:157. Type-locality: Portland Point, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 45194. Diploglossus duquesnayi (sic): Underwood, 1959, Breviora (102) :13. Distribution. Jamaica: known from the type-locality and Portland Ridge. These localities, both on the Portland Peninsula, may not be separate localities. Grant, (1940, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 1:106, 177, etc.) used the term “Portland Point” to refer to the entire Peninsula, and did much of his collecting in the region of the lighthouse on Portland Ridge. DIPLOGLOSSUS FOWLERI Schwartz Diploglossus fowleri Schwartz, 1971, Breviora (371 ):3. Type-locality: Windsor, elevation about 500 feet (153 meters), Trelawny Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 125601. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. DIPLOGLOSSUS HEWARDI Gray Celestas hewardii Grav, 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.;118. Type-locality: Jamaica. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.12.3.88-.90. Celestas impressus Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:127. Type- locality: Jamaica. Lectotype: ANSP 9225, designated by Schwartz, 1964, Read- ing Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):56. Diploglossus hewardi: Underwood, 1959, Breviora (102) :13. Distribution. Known from relatively few, scattered, mostly interior localities in Jamaica (Westmoreland, St. James, Trelawny, Manchester, St. Ann, and St. Thomas parishes). Altitudinal distribution from near sea level (Montego Bay vicinity) to over 3000 feet (Arntully). 120 DIPLOGLOSSUS MICROBLEPHARIS Underwood Diploglossus microblepharis Underwood, 1959, Breviora (102) :2. Type-locality: Boscobel, St. Mary Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 55764. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. DIPLOGLOSSUS MONTISSERRATI Underwood Diploglossus montisserrati Underwood, 1964, Breviora (200) :2. Type-locality: Woodlands Spring, elevation about 600 feet, Montserrat. Holotype: MCZ 76924. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. DIPLOGLOSSUS OCCIDUUS Shaw Lacerta occidua Shaw, 1802, Gen. Zoo/. 3:288. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: BMNH XV. 118a. Scincus galllvasp Daudin, 1804, Hist. Nat.. .. Rept. :239. Type-locality: Jamaica, /-/o/ofype.' MNHN 1227. Diploglossus shawii Dumeril and Bibron, 1839, Erp. Gen. 5:590. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: MNHN 1227. Celestus macrolepis Gray, 1845. Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.. 118. Type-locality: West Indies. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.3.82. Diploglossus occiduus: Bocourt, 1881, Miss. Sci. Mexique, Reptiles: 385. Distribution. Jamaica; now presumed to be extinct. DIPLOGLOSSUS PLEEI Dumeril and Bibron Diploglossus pleii Dumeril and Bibron, 1839, Erp. Gen. 5:605. Type-locality: Martinique (in error). E^olotype: MNHN 2860. Distribution. Mesic portions of Puerto Rico, principally the interior uplands from the Maricao region and the Cordillera Jaicoa in the west to the Bosque Experimental de Luquillo in the east; may occur in the coastal plain in the northeast (Loiza). Altitudinal distribution from 400 feet (5.6 km NW Morovis) to 2200 feet (4.1 km NE Villa Perez). DIPLOGLOSSUS SEPSOIDES Gray Sauresia sepsoides Gray, 1852, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, 10:282. Type-locality: San Domingo. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.29.29. Embryopus habichii Weinland, 1863, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. 4(2):136. Type-locality: Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: ZMB 1310. Diploglossus sepsoides: Underwood, 1959, Breviora (102) :11 (by inference). Distribution. Hispaniola: in Haiti the distal portion of the Tiburon Peninsula, from Jeremie east to the vicinity of Trouin, including both northern (Marche Leon) and southern (Camp Perrin) slopes of the Massif de la Hotte, but un- known from the Massif de la Selle; in the Republica Dominicana, from the north-central region (north of Cruce de Guayacanes, Puerto Plata) south along eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central (1.5 km W Jayaco, La Vega Province, 13 km SW Piedra Blanca, La Vega Province), east into the haitises region in northern San Cristobal Province (vicinity of Gonzalo), and in northern El Seibo Province (10.5 km N Hato Mayor, 1.4 mi. S Miches), central and eastern La Altagracia Province (Juanillo, 4.5 km W Higiiey, 4 mi. SE San Rafael del Yuma), west toj.a Romana Province (8.4 mi. NE La Romana) and to San Pedro de Macons Province (San Pedro de Macorfs); an isolated record from northern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco (2 km NW, 5 km SW El Limon, Independencia Province), He de la Gon^ve (Pointe a Raquettes); He Grande Cayemite. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 2600 feet (3.5 mi. N Puesto Grande, 121 Espaillat Province, in the Cordillera Septentrional), but reported from Loma Quita Espuela whose peak is 3112 feet. DIPLOGLOSSUS STENURUS Cope Diploglossus stenurus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:188. Type- locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, EHaiti. Holotype: MCZ 3612. (1) Diploglossus stenurus stenurus Cope Diploglossus stenurus stenurus: Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):8. Distribution. Hispaniola: the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, east to Eond des Negres, Dept, du Sud; lle-*a-Vache. Intergrades between D. s. stenurus and D. 5. weinlandi occur in the region about Damien, Carrefour, Diquini, Petionville, Eurcv and vicinity, and Port-au-Prince, but specimens are lacking from between this area and Fond des Negres to the west. Altitudinal distribu- tion from sea level (leremie, Dame-Marie) to about 3800 feet (2 km S Castillon, Massif de la Hotte). (2) Diploglossus stenurus alloeides Schwartz Diploglossus stenurus alloeides Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):18. Type-locality: 6 km E Sa^nchez, Samana Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77152. Distribution. Republica Dominicana: the Penmsula de Samana, west to 5 mi. NW Sanchez. Intergradation between D. s. alloeides and D. s. rugosus occurs near the base of the peninsula in Maria Trinidad Sanchez Province (Ca"no Abaio, El Factor, El Pozo). Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 1000 feet (7.6 mi. NE Sanchez). (3) Diploglossus stenurus rugosus Cope Celestus rugosus Cope, 1879, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 18:272. Type-locality: Puerto Plata, Puerto Plata Province, Repdblica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 10260. Diploglossus rugosus: Boulenger, 1885, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. 2:288. Diploglossus stenurus rugosus: Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):14. Distribution. Hispaniola: in Haiti, from the extreme western tip of the Presqu’fle du Nord Quest (Bombardopolis) along the northern Haitian coast and the Plaine du Nord (Limbe, Cap-HaVtien, Limonade, Terrier Rouge, Ouanaminthe), into northwestern Repijblica Dominicana. Widespread and abundant in north and central portions of the Republica Dominicana, especially in the mesic eastern region of the Valle de Cibao and along eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central (and occurring in those mountains as high as Paso Baiito), but much less abundant in the extreme east where known from scattered localities (La Vacama, Juanillo, San Rafael del Yuma, Buenos Aires, near Santo Domingo), reaching western limits in this area at 6 km NW Cambita Garabitas, San Cristobal Province, and Rancho Arriba, Peravia Province. An apparently isolated population in south-central Haiti (Mirebalais and vicinity. Dept, de rOuest) and in the extreme western Sierra de Neiba, La Estrelleta Province (9.4 mi. S Elias Pir^a); Cayos Siete Hermanns (Cayo Monte Grande). Replaced on the Peninsula de Samana by D. s. alloeides; intergrades between D. s. rugosus and D. s. weinlandi occur at Yayas de Viaiama, Azua Province, and between Cruce de Ocoa and San Jose de Ocoa, Peravia Province. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 3300 feet (9.4 mi. S Elms Pina), but primarily in mesic lowland situations. (4) Diploglossus stenurus weinlandi Cope Celestas weinlandi Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:125. Type- locality: Gonave Island; emended bv Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177):244, to within 25 miles of Port-au-Prince, Departement de POuest, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 12145. Diploglossus stenurus weinlandi: Schwartz, 1964, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (13):10. Distribution. Hispaniola: from Pierre Payen (9 mi. S St. Marc, Dept, de I’Artibonite) along the Golfe de la Gon^ye, to the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain, and into the Llanos de Azua in the Republica Dominicana, and east to the vicinity of Barahona; also to Fond Michelle in the Montagnes du Trou-d’Eau on the north side of the Cul de Sac Plain and onto northern slopes of the Massif de la Selle (Soliette); easternmost record in the Republica Dominicana at 9.7 mi. E Azua. Altitudinal distribution from below sea leyel (Duyerge) to 2000 feet (Soliette, 3.8 mi. NW Fond Verrettes) on the Massif de la Selle and possibly even higher in the Sierra de Baoruco (El Aguacate). REMARKS. D. stenurus is known from lie Grande Cayemite (specimens pre- sumably D. s. stenurus but not agreeing with that taxon) and 9 mi. NW Jacmel, Dept, de I'Ouest, on the south coast of the basal Tiburon Peninsula (no speci- mens from elsewhere on this southern coast); both populations are unassigned subspecifically. D. stenurus is truly absent from the Peninsula de Barahona south of the Sierra de Baoruco and from higher eleyations in the Cordillera Central (aboye about 3500 feet at Paso Bajito). There are no records from most of Haiti north of the Cul de Sac Plain where the species is expected, and the geographic relationships of the Mirebalais-Elias Pina segment of D. s. rugosus remain unknown. DIPLOGLOSSUS WARRENI Schwartz Diploglossus warreni Schwartz, 1970, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 82(60) :780. Type-locality: Palmiste, lie de la Tortue, Departement du Nord Quest, Haiti. Holotype: AMNH 103214 (erroneously giyen as AMNH 103215 in original description). Distribution. Haiti: He de la Tortue and the adiacent mainland at Riyiere des Barres and Limbe. GONATODES ALBOGULARIS Dumeril and Bibron Gymnodactylus albogularis Dumeril and Bibron, 1836, Erp. Gen. 3:415. Type-local- ity: Martinique and Cuba. Syntypes: MNHN 1776. Gonatodes albigularis Eitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept. 1 :91 (substitute name for Gymnodactylus albogularis Dumeril and Bibron). Gymnodactylus maculatus Steindachner, 1867, Reise . . . Novara, Zool. 1, Rept.; 16. Type-locality: apparently West Indies. Holotype: unlocated. Gonatodes albogularis: Boulenger, 1885, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. 1:59. (1) Gonatodes albogularis fuscus Hallowell Stenodactylus fuscus Hallowell, 1855, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, ser. 2,3:33. Type-locality: Nicaragua; restricted by Smith and Taylor, 1950, Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (199):45, to Rama, Nicaragua. Holotype: unlocated. Goniodactylus braconnieri O’Shaughnessy (fide Boulenger), 1875, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, 16:265. Type-locality: Baranquilla, Colombia. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.9.7.20-.23. Gonatodes albogularis fuscus: Boulenger, 1885, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. 1:59. 123 Distribution. Central and South America, from El Salvador southward to western Colombia: introduced at Key West, Florida; in the Antilles reported in Cuba from Pinar del Rm (Mariel), Habana (La Habana; Surgidero de Batabano), and Oriente (Santiago de Cuba; Guantanamo) provinces. These localities are coastal, but Buide (1967, Torreia, n.s. 1:24) reported the species from three interior localities: Cotorro and Santiago de Las Vegas, Habana Province, and Caney, Oriente Province. Specimens have also been collected at interior Holgum, Oriente Province, and Santo Domingo, Las Villas Province. (2) Gonatodes albogularis notatus Reinhardt and Lutken Gymnodactylus notatus Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vid. Med. naturhist. Foren., K)?fbenhavn, for 1862:280. Type-locality: Aquin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: UZM R. 34462. Gonatodes notatus: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):108. Gonatodes albogularis notatus: Vanzolini and Williams, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 127(10):492. Distribution. Hispaniola, Haiti (type-locality; Port-au-Prince, Petionville, Jeremie, Diquini, Miragoane); He de la Gonave (Etroits); Jamaica (Kingston, Port Royal, Montego Bay, Arntully, Spanish Town, Long’s Wharf); Grand Cay- man I.; generally coastal but occurring to elevations of at least 1500 feet at Petionville, Haiti and 3000 feet at Arntully, Jamaica. REMARKS. Vanzolini and Williams (op. cit.) commented upon the questionable status of the type-material of G. a. albogularis from Martinique, whence the species has not been re-recorded. The nominate subspecies is known from South America (see Vanzolini and Williams, op. cit. :482, 487-88, and 490-91). GYMNOPHTHALMUS PLEEI Bocourt Gymnophthalmus pleii Bocourt. 1881, Miss. Sci. Mexique, Reptiles: 473. Type- locality: Martinique. Syntypes: MNHN 1409, MNHN 3094. (1) Gymnophthalmus pleei pleei Bocourt Gymnophthalmus pleei pleei: Thomas, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:142 (by implication). Distribution. Martinique. (2) Gymnophthalmus pleei luetkeni Bocourt Gymnophthalmus luetkenii Bocourt, 1881, Miss. Sci. Mexique, Reptiles: 473. Type-locality: St. Lucia. Holotype: MNHN 5614. Gymnophthalmus pleei luetkeni: Thomas, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:142. Distribution. St. Lucia. (3) Gymnophthalmus pleei nesydrion Thomas Gymnophthalmus pleei nesydrion Thomas, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:144. Type-locality: Southernmost of two Maria Islands, Vieux Fort Quarter, St. Lucia. Holotype: MCZ 77151. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. GYMNOPHTHALMUS UNDERWOODI Grant Gymnophthalmus underwood! Grant, 1958, Herpetologica 14(4) :228. Type-locality: Barbados. Holotype: UIMNH 42334. 124 Distribution. Guadeloupe (known from one locality on Grande-Terre, probably introduced), St. Vincent (introduced?), and Barbados; also Trinidad and Tobago. REMARKS. The distinctness of C. underwoodi from mainland speciosus remains to be verified. Hoogmoed (1973, Biogeographica (4);278-279) con- sidered Suriname specimens as C. underwoodi (rather than C. speciosus) since they agree with the description of the former and are also unisexual. He ascribed the range of C. underwoodi on the South American mainland to Guyana and Suriname, and probably Guyane Fran^aise and eastern Venezuela. HEMIDACTYLUS BROOKI Gray Hemidactylus brookii Gray, 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. :153. Type-locality: "Borneo, Australia." Syntypes: BMNH 1947. 3. 6. 47-. 49. (1) Hemidactylus brooki baitianus Meerwarth Hemidactylus brookii baitianus Meerwarth, 1901, Mitt, naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, 18:17. Type-locality: Haiti; restricted by Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (177):91, to Port-au-Prince, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: formerly in HMZ, now destroyed. Distribution. Cuba, Hispaniola (widespread in both Haiti and the Republica Dominicana), and Puerto Rico. HEMIDACTYLUS MABOUIA Moreau de Jonnes Gecko mabouia Moreau de Jonnes, 1818, Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 3:138. Type-locality: St. Vincent. Holotype: MNHN 6573. Hemidactylus mabouia: Dumeril and Bibron, 1836, Erp. Gen. 3:362. Distribution. Africa south of 10° N latitude; Madagascar and islands of the Mozambique Channel; Ascension I.; in the New World, the eastern coast of South America from Montevideo, Uruguay, to Georgetown, Guyana, and along most of the length of the Amazon River in Brasil, Ecuador and Peru; Trinidad and Tobago; in the Antilles, known from Cuba (Guantanamo), Haiti (Port-au- Prince), Puerto Rico (including Isla Mona), Isla Vieques (including Cayo de Tierra), Virgin Islands (St. Thomas including Hassel I., St. John including Lovango Cay and Sandy Cay, Tortola I. including Peter I., Salt I., Virgin Gorda, St. Croix), Anguilla, St. -Martin, Saba, St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, Montserrat, Antigua (including Great Bird I.), Guadeloupe and its satellites He Pigeon du Nord, Tete a I'Anglais, lies de la Petite Terre (Terre de Bas) and lies des Saintes (llet'a Cabrit, Terre-de-bas, Terre-de-haut), Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia, Barbados, St. Vincent, the Grenadines (Bequia, Petit Martinque, Mayero, Carriacou), and Grenada. REMARKS. For complete synonymy and discussion of nomenclature of this species see Kluge (1969, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (138):1-78). Hemidactylus (possibly H. mabouia) has recently been taken in Anegada, perhaps confirming the records by Underwood (1962, Caribbean Affairs, n.s. 1) that were questioned by Carey (1972, Caribbean J. Sci. 12(1/2):86). HEMIDACTYLUS PALAICHTHUS Kluge Hemidactylus palaicbtbus Kluge, 1969, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (138):39. Type-locality: Krupukari, 4° N, 59° 25’ W), Guyana. Holotype: AMNH 60931. Distribution. South America (Brasil, Guyana, Suriname, central and north- eastern Venezuela), Trinidad (including Chacachacare Island), Tobago and Little 125 Tobago; in the Antilles, known only from the Maria Islands off the southeastern coast of St. Lucia. REMARKS. Mertens (1973, Stuttgarter Beitr. zur Naturkunde 252;9, 27) con- sidered H. palaichthus a subspecies of H. brooki. HEMIDACTYLUS TURCICUS Li nnaeus Lacerta turcica Linnaeus, 1758, Sysf. Nat., ed. 10, 1:202. Type-locality: "Oriente;” restricted by Mertens and Muller, 1940, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (451):24, to Turkey. Holotype: unlocated. Hemidactylus turcicus: Boettger, 1876, Ber. Offenbach. Ver. Naturk. 15/16:57. (1) Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus Linnaeus Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus: Mertens, 1925, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. 39(1):60. Distribution. Southern Europe, northern Africa, borders of the Red Sea, east to Persia and Sind, Socotra Island, Canary Islands; in the New World, from the Florida Keys to northern Florida, New Orleans, south-central Texas south to the Peninsula de Yucatan, Panama; in the Antilles, known only from Cuba where established in seaports as well as more interior localities from Elabana Province east to Oriente Province. IGUANA DELICATISSIMA Laurenti Iguana delicatissima Laurenti, 1768, Syn. Rept.:4Q. Type-locality: “Indiis”; re- stricted to the island of Terre-de-Bas, Les lies des Saintes, by Lazell, 1973, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 145(1):19. Holotype: unknown (not designated). Iguana nudicollis Cuvier, 1829, Regne Anim. 2:45. Type-locality: Brasil (probably in error) and Guadeloupe. Holotype: unlocated. Iguana iguana reverti Hoffstetter, 1940, J. Soc. Americanistes, Nouvelle Ser. 32:269. Type-locality: Anse Belleville, Martinique. Holotype: unlocated. Distribution. Anguilla, St. -Martin, He Fourchue, Les lies Fregates, He Chevreau (or Bonhomme), St.-Barthelemy, St. Eustatius, Nevis (presence now uncertain), Antigua, the Grande-Terre portion of Guadeloupe, La Desirade, Les lies des Saintes (Terre-de-Bas and Terre-de-Haut), Dominica, and Martinique. IGUANA IGUANA Linnaeus Lacerta iguana Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1:206. Type-locality: “In Indiis." Restricted by Lazell, 1973, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 145(1):7, to the island of Terre-de-Haut, Les lies des Saintes, Departement de la Guadeloupe, French West Indies; corrected by Hoogmoed, 1973, Biogeographica (4):44, to the con- fluence of the Cottica River and the Perica Creek, Suriname. Syntypes: One specimen in the SMNH, another in the Gyllenborg collection in Uppsala (fide Hoogmoed, loc. cit.). Iguana iguana: Burt and Burt, 1930, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 78(6):10. Distribution. In the Virgin Islands known from St. Thomas (and satellites Water I., Patricia Cay, and Hassei I.), St. John, St. Croix, and Tortola (and satellites Peter I. and Guana 1.); Saba, Montserrat, the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe and the adiacent Hets'a Goyaves (=llets de Pigeon), Les lies des Saintes (La Coche, Grande Het, Terre-de-Haut, and llet'a Cabrit), St. Lucia and the larger of the two Maria Is., St. Vincent and “all of the coastal cays that sup- port trees" Lazell (1973, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 145(1):18); the Grenadines (Bequia I., He Quatre, Battowia I., Mustique I., Petite Mustique I., Savan I., 126 Cannouan I., the Tobago Cays, Union I., Frigate Cay, Petite St. Vincent I., Mabuya Cay, Carriacou I., Kick-’em-Jenny, lle-a-Caille), Grenada and "on most of the adjacent cays; it is not reported from Bird Island (='Mouchie Carre') or on Marquis Island, and is said to have been extirpated on Glover Island." (Lazell, loc. cit.): Islas San Andres and Providencia; on the mainland from Mexico to southern Brasil and Paraguav. REMARKS. We have followed Lazell (loc. cit.) in not recognizing subspecies of Iguana iguana; however, Hoogmoed (op. cit.) used the trionomial /. /. iguana for South American mainland specimens from Suriname. KENTROPYX COPEI Carman Centropyx copii Garman, 1879, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:2. Type-locality: Bridgetown, St. Michael Parish, Barbados. Syntypes: MCZ 6076. Kentropyx copei: Grant, 1958, Herpetologica 15(2):99. Distribution. Barbados. LEIOCEPHALUS BARAHONENSIS Schmidt Leiocephalus barahonensis Schmidt, 1921, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 44(2):15. Type-locality: Barahona, Barahona Province, Repilblica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 2736. (1) Leiocephalus barahonensis barahonensis Schmidt Leiocephalus barahonensis barahonensis: Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):35. Distribution. Hispaniola; the Republica Dominicana from near El Naranjo in the west to Paraiso in the south, both to the north and east of the Sierra de Baoruco, but ascending to low elevations in that range. Altitudinal distribution from sea level at many localities to 1000 feet (1 km W El Naranjo, Independencia Province). (2) Leiocephalus barahonensis aureus Cochran Leiocephalus personatus aureus Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:175. Type-locality: jacmel, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti, hlolotype: USNM 75909. Leiocephalus barahonensis aureus: Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):39. Distribution. The southeastern Haitian coast, from 12 mi. SW jacmel, east to the vicinity of Pedernales, Republica Dominicana. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 1900 feet (4 km NE Las Mercedes, Pedernales Province). (3) Leiocephalus barahonensis beatanus Noble Leiocephalus beatanus Noble, 1923, Amer. Mus. Novitates (64) :5. Type-locality: Isla Beata, Keptjblica Dominicana. LHolotype: AMNH 24330. Leiocephalus barahonensis beatanus: Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):41. Distribution. Isla Beata. (4) Leiocephalus barahonensis oxygaster Schwartz Leiocephalus barahonensis oxygaster Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):36. Type-locality: 13.1 mi. (21.1 km) SW Enriquillo, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Llolotype: MCZ 81098. 127 Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Penmsula de Barahona, from south of Enriquillo in the east to about 22 km SE Pedernales in the west; intergrades between L. b. oxygaster and L. b. aureus occur in a narrow zone 12 to 16 km SE Pedernales. Altitudinal distribution near sea level. LEIOCEPHALUS CARINATUS Gray Leiocephalus carinatus Gray, 1827, Phil. Mag. 2(2):208. Type-locality: Cuba; re- stricted by Schwartz and Ogren, 1956, Herpetologica 12(2);102, to La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.29.75. (1) Leiocephalus carinatus carinatus Gray Leiocephalus carinatus carinatus: Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5);360. Liolotropis microlopbus Cocteau, 1837, in Dumeril and Bibron, Erp. Gen., 4;264. Type-locality: Cuba. Lectotype: MNHN 2392 (Schwartz, 1969, Copeia (3):620). Leiocephalus macleayii Gray, 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.: 218. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.10.58, BMNH 1946.8.11.82. Distribution. Cuba; the north coast of Pinar del rTo Province (CabafTas; Mariel), Habana Province (Boca de Jaruco, between Cojimar and La Habana, Cajobabo, La Habana), and Matanzas Province (to Varadero). (2) Leiocephalus carinatus aquarius Schwartz and Ogren Leiocephalus carinatus aquarius Schwartz and Ogren, 1956, Herpetologica 12(2):100. Type-locality: Aguadores, near Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: ChM 55.1.62. Distribution. Southern Oriente Province, Cuba, from Cabo Cruz to Baracoa on the northern coast. (3) Leiocephalus carinatus armouri Barbour and Shreve Leiocephalus carinatus armouri Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5);360. Type-locality: High Rock, Grand Bahama Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 38090. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Grand Bahama I. (including Wood Cay, Little Sale Cay, Stranger’s Cay), Little Abaco I., Great Abaco I. (including Pensacola Cays, Elbow Cay, Green Turtle Cay); introduced in Elorida on Virginia Key and Key Biscayne, Dade County, and Palm Beach, Palm Beach County. (3) Leiocephalus carinatus cayensis Schwartz Leiocephalus carinatus cayensis Schwartz, 1959, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (10):38. Type-locality: Lighthouse on Cayo Cachiboca, jardines de la Reina, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 77758. Distribution. Cuba; the Jardines de la Reina (Cayo Cachiboca, Cayo Grenada, Cayo Caballones, Cayo Grande, and other unnamed cays). (4) Leiocephalus carinatus coryi Schmidt Leiocephalus carinatus coryi Schmidt, 1936, Zook Ser., Eield Mus. Nat. Hist. 20(16):129. Type-locality: Bimini Islands, Bahama Islands. Holotype: EMNH 260. Distribution. Bahama Islands: North Bimini I., South Bimini I., East Bimini I., Easter Cay, Andros I., Berry Is. (Great Harbour Cay, Devil’s Cay, Erazer’s Hog Cay, Cat Cay). (5) Leiocephalus carinatus granti Rabb Leiocephalus carinatus granti Rabb, 1957, Herpetologica 13(2) :109. Type-local- ity: Cayman Brae, Cayman Islands. Holotype: UMMZ 114494. 128 Distribution. Cayman Islands: Little Cayman I., Cayman Brae. (6) Leiocephalus carinatus hodsdoni Schmidt Leiocephalus carinatus hodsdoni Schrnidt, 1936, Zool. Ser., Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 20(16):130. Type-locality: Salt Pond, Long Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: FMNH 22752. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Cat I., Goat Cay off little San Salvador, Long I. (including Violet Cay). Guana Cay, Binders Cay, Cay Verde, Ragged Is. (Flamingo Cay, South Channel Cay, Johnson Cay, Knife Cay, Little Ragged I.). (7) Leiocephalus carinatus labrossytus Schwartz Leiocephalus carinatus labrossytus Schwartz, 1959, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (10):33. Type-locality: 5 km SE Paso Caballo, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 77757. Distribution. Cuba: southern Las Villas Province, from Cienfuegos in the west, east to Punta Casilda; isolated records from Bahia de Cochinos and Playa Larga, Cienaga de Zapata; not limited to coastal situations, occurring to eleva- tions of about 1200 feet in the Sierra de Trinidad. (8) Leiocephalus carinatus microcyon Schwartz Leiocephalus carinatus microcyon Schwartz, 1959, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (10):43. Type-locality: Caleta Grande, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: AMNH 81271. Distribution. Isla de Pinos. (9) Leiocephalus carinatus mogotensis Schwartz Leiocephalus carinatus mogotensis Schwartz, 1959, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (10):12. Type-locality: Cueva del Cable, San Vicente, Pinar del Rfo Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 77755. Distribution. Known only from a restricted area in the Sierra de los Organos in the San Vicente-Vinales-Valle de Ancon area, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. (10) Leiocephalus carinatus varius Carman Liocephalus varius Carman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:274. Type-locality: Grand Cayman Island, Cayman Islands. Syntypes: MCZ 6023, USNM 52405. Leiocephalus carinatus varius: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2) :135. Distribution. Cayman Islands: Grand Cayman; Swan Islands. (11) Leiocephalus carinatus virescens Stejneger Leiocephalus virescens Stejneger, 1901, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 23(1219):471. Type-locality: Green Cay, Bahama Islands. Holotype: USNM 26758. Leiocephalus carinatus virescens: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):135. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Green Cay, Eleuthera I., Exuma Cays (Ship Channel Cay, SW Allan’s Cay, Leaf Cay, Warderick Wells Cay, Compass Cay, Triple Cay, Great Exuma I., Elizabeth I.). (12) Leiocephalus carinatus zayasi Schwartz Leiocephalus carinatus zayasi Schwartz, 1959, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (10):9. Type-locality: North shore of Ensenada de Corrientes, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 77756. Distribution. Cuba, the Penmsula de Guanahacabibes, from the type-locality east to 10 km SE Cavuco. 129 REMARKS. Doubtless L. carinatus occurs on many other Bahamian cays and islets. In Cuba, there are specimens from Cayo Conuco north of Caibarien, Las Villas Province, Playa Santa LucTa, Camaguey Province, and Gibara and Banes, Oriente Province, which are unassigned subspecifically. There is also a possi- bility that the Cuban and Bahamian segments of L. carinatus should be re- garded as two species, rather than as a single series of subspecies. LEIOCEPHALUS CUBENSIS Gray Tropidurus (Leiolaemus) cubensis Gray, 1840, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 5:110. Type- locality: Cuba; restricted by Schwartz, 1959, Bull. Florida State Mus. 4(4);105, to the vicinity of Guanabacoa, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: BMNH XXIII.98a. Holotropis vittatus Hallowell, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 8:151. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: unlocated. leiocephalus cubensis: Stejneger, 1917, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 53(2205):273. (1) Leiocephalus cubensis cubensis Gray Leiocephalus cubensis cubensis: Schwartz, 1959, Bull. Florida State Mus. 4(4):107. Distribution. Cuba, from Pinar del Rio Province (Artemisa), east throughout Oriente Province (Dos Caminos; Sagua de Tanamo). (2) Leiocephalus cubensis gigas Schwartz Leiocephalus cubensis gigas Schwartz, 1959, Bull. Florida State Mus. 4(4):113. Type-locality: Caleta Grande, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: AMNH 81056. Distribution. Isla de Pinos, south of the Cienaga de Lanier, but extending into the wooded Paso de Piedras ca. 20 km SSW Santa Fe. (3) Leiocephalus cubensis minor Garrido Leiocephalus cubensis minor Garrido, 1970, Poeyana (75):18. Type-locality: Cayo Juan Garcia, Cayos de San Felipe, Archipielago de los Canarreos, Pinar del RTo Province, Cuba. Liolotype: IZ 2754. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (4) Leiocephalus cubensis pambasileus Schwartz Leiocephalus cubensis pambasileus Schwartz, 1959, Bull. Florida State Mus. 4(4):118. Type-locality: Cayo Hicacos, Archipielago de los Canarreos, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 81068. Distribution. Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Hicacos, Cayo Campos). (5) Leiocephalus cubensis paraphrus Schwartz Leiocephalus cubensis paraphrus Schwartz, 1959, Bull. Florida State Mus. 4(4):111. Type-locality: Southernmost point of large unnamed key 3 km NW Cayo Cachiboca lighthouse, jardines de la Reina, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78005. Distribution, jardines de la Reina: type-locality, Cayo Cachiboca, cay west of Cayo Cachiboca; doubtless more widespread in these islands. LEIOCEPHALUS EREMITUS Cope Liocephalus eremitus Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:122. Type- locality: Navassa Island. Holotype: USNM 12016. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality; apparently extinct. 130 LEIOCEPHALUS GREENWAYI Barbour and Shreve Leiocephalus greenwayi Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5) :358. Type-locality: East Plana Cav, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 36711. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. LEIOCEPHALUS HERMINIERI Dumeril and Bibron Holotropis herminieri Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:261. Type-locality: “lies de la Trinite et de la Martinique.” Syntypes: MNHN 1826, MNHN 2389, MNHN 6829. Leiocephalus herminieri: Boulenger, 1885, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. 2:166. Distribution. Martinique; evidently extinct. REMARKS. There is no good reason to believe that any of the syntypes came from Trinidad; the one from Trinite (the name of a town on the northeast coast of Martinique) was sent to Paris by I’Herminier, the others by Plee and Guyon (Dumeril and Bibron, 1837, Erp. Gen. 4:263; Etheridge, 1964, Bull. Elorida State Mus. 9(2):56). Boulenger (1885, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. 2;166) reported the only other known specimen, also from Martinique. LEIOCEPHALUS INAGUAE Cochran Leiocephalus inaguae Cochran, 1931, I. Washington Acad. Sci. 21(3):38. Type- locality: Man of War Bay, Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands, hlolotype: USNM 81277. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Great Inagua I. LEIOCEPHALUS LOXOGRAMMUS Cope Liocephalus loxogrammus Cope, 1887, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 10:437. Type-locality: Rum Cay, Bahama Islands. Syntypes: MCZ 10931, USNM 14569. (1) Leiocephalus loxogrammus loxogrammus Cope Leiocephalus loxogrammus loxogrammus: Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5):359. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (2) Leiocephalus loxogrammus parnelli Barbour and Shreve Leiocephalus loxogrammus parnelli Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5):359. Type-locality: San Salvador Island, Bahama Islands. Liolotype: MCZ 36748. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. LEIOCEPHALUS LUNATUS Cochran Leiocephalus personatus lunatus Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:153. Type-locality: Santo Domingo, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: EMNH 166. (1) Leiocephalus lunatus lunatus Cochran Leiocephalus lunatus lunatus: Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):24. 131 Distribution. Hispaniola; the coast of the Republica Dominicana between the Rio Haina and the Rio Ozama, Distrito Nacional. (2) Leiocephalus lunatus arenicolor Mertens Leiocephalus personatus arenicolor Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449) :48. Type-locality: Beach near San Pedro de Macons, San Pedro de Macons Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 25715. Leiocephalus lunatus arenicolor: Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):27. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; southeastern coast from San Pedro de Macorfs to Boca Chavon, La Altagracia Province. (3) Leiocephalus lunatus lewisi Schwartz Leiocephalus lunatus lewisi Schwartz, 1969, J. Herp. 3(1/2):80. Type-locality: 0.9 km E Boca Chica, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. hlolotype: CM 45867. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; between the Rio Ozama and 7 mi. E Boca Chica, Distrito Nacional. (4) Leiocephalus lunatus louisae Cochran Leiocephalus personatus louisae Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:177. Type-locality: Isla Saona, Repijblica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 37551. Leiocephalus lunatus louisae: Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):32. Distribution. Isla Saona. (5) Leiocephalus lunatus melaenacelis Schwartz Leiocephalus lunatus melaenacelis Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1);29. Type-locality: Western end, Isla Catalina, Repijblica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81096. Distribution. Isla Catalina. (6) Leiocephalus lunatus thomasi Schwartz Leiocephalus lunatus thomasi Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):31. Type-locality: 0.5 mi. (0.8 km) NW Boca de Yuma, La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81097. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality. LEIOCEPHALUS MACROPUS Cope Liocephalus macropus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:184. Type- locality: Eastern Cuba; restricted by Stejneger, 1917, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 53:274, to Monte Verde, Oriente Province, Cuba. Syntypes: MCZ 10930, USNM 12254, USNM 25819-23, USNM 25825-26; lectotype USNM 25819 selected bv Hardy, 1958, |. Washington Acad. Sci. 48(9):299. See Schwartz and Garrido, 1967, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (14):25-27, for a discussion of the restricted type-locality, the status of the syntypes, and the selection of the lectotype. Leiocephalus macropus: SteineRer, 1917, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 53:274. (1) Leiocephalus macropus macropus Cope Leiocephalus macropus macropus: Zur, 1959, Proc. Biol. Soc. WashinRton 72:144. Distribution. Cuba: the southern coast of Oriente Province, from the Bahia de Santiago east at least to the southern versant of the Sierra de Purial north of Caiobabo; presumably inland to Monte Verde in the Sierra del Guaso; ques- tionably recorded from Punta del Este, Isla de Pinos. (2) Leiocephalus macropus aegialus Schwartz and Garrido Leiocephalus macropus aegialus Schwartz and Garrido, 1967, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (14):15. Type-locality: Playa Santa Lucfa, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83255. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (3) Leiocephalus macropus asbolomus Schwartz and Garrido Leiocephalus macropus asbolomus Schwartz and Garrido, 1967, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (14):30. Type-locality; El Guayabo, Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Llolotype: IZ 568. Distribution. Cuba: the northeastern coast of Oriente Province, from the Rio Yumuri on the east, west at least to the vicinity of the Bahia de Taco; specimens from Banes, Playa de Guardalavaca, Puerto Tanamo and Miranda are question- ably referred to this subspecies. (4) Leiocephalus macropus hoplites Zug Leiocephalus macropus hoplites Zug, 1959, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 72:140. Type-locality: 12 mi. E Moron, Loma de Cunagua, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78020. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (5) Leiocephalus macropus hyacinthurus Zug Leiocephalus macropus hyacinthurus Zug, 1959, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 72:145. Type-locality; Einca la Pastora, 2 km NW Trinidad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 78015. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (6) Leiocephalus macropus immaculatus Hardy Leiocephalus macropus immaculatus Hardy, 1958, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 48(9) :294. Type-locality: Vicinity of Ocuial, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: USNM 138412. Distribution. Cuba: the southern coast of Oriente Province, from the rTo Magdalena east to (presumably) the city of Santiago de Cuba. (7) Leiocephalus macropus koopmani Zug Leiocephalus macropus koopmani Zug, 1959, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 72:146. Type-locality: Near base of Cabo Corrientes, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 55541. Distribution. Cuba: the Penmsula de Guanahacabibes, Pinar del rTo Province, east to the vicinity of Cayuco. (8) Leiocephalus macropus lenticulatus Garrido Leiocephalus macropus lenticulatus Garrido, 1973, Torreia, n.s. (30):10. Type- locality: Los Cocos, 6 km from Gibara, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2782. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. 133 (9) Loioccphalus macropus phylax Schwartz and Garrido Leiocephalus macropus phylax Schwartz and Garrido, 1967, Reading Public Mus. and Art Gallery Sci. Publ. (14):17. Type-locality: Verreon, near Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 556. Distribution. Cuba; the southern coast of Oriente Province, from the type- locality and Cabo Cruz to the Rio Puercos and Punta Hicacos. REMARKS. L. macropus has been reported from Rangel, Pinar del Rm Province, in the Sierra del Rosario, but the record needs confirmation. The species has recently been collected at Punta de Hicacos and San Miguel de los Banos, Matanzas Province, but the specimens remain unassigned subspecifically. LEIOCEPHALUS MELANOCHLORUS Cope Liocephalus melanochlorus Cope. 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:184. Type-locality; Near leremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: MCZ 3598, USNM 53402. (1) Leiocephalus melanochlorus melanochlorus Cope Leiocephalus melanochlorus melanochlorus; Schwartz, 1966, ). Ohio Herpet. Soc. 5(2):41. Distribution. Hispaniola: the western portion of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, east to St. Michel du Sud, Dept, du Sud; lle-'a-Vache. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 1700 feet (La Cour Z’Anglais). (2) Leiocephalus melanochlorus hypsistus Schwartz Leiocephalus melanochlorus hypsistus Schwartz, 1966, J. Ohio Herpet. Soc. 5(2):44. Type-locality: Furcy, 5600 feet, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Liolo- type; MCZ 81063. Distribution. Haiti; the Montagne Noire (Peneau, Furcy, Kenscoff), the southern slope of the Massif de la Selle (vicinity of Marbial), and Morne de Cayette near the coast, all in Dept, de I’Ouest. Altitudinal distribution from near sea level (Morne de Cayette) to 5600 feet (type-locality), but primarily in uplands above 5000 feet. LEIOCEPHALUS ONANEYI Garrido Leiocephalus onaneyi Garrido. 1973, Poeyana (116) :4. Type-locality: The top of Loma de Macambo, between San Antonio del Sur and Imias, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2869. Di'^tribution. Known only from the type-locality. LEIOCEPHALUS PERSONATUS Cope Liocephalus personatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:182. Type-locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes; MCZ 3615. Liocephalus trigeminatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:183. Type-locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: formerly in MCZ, now lost. (1) Leiocephalus personatus personatus Cope Leiocephalus personatus personatus: Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1) :4. Distribution. Hispaniola: the northern littoral of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from the type-locality in the west to Leogane, Dept, de POuest, in the east; also 134 recorded from the vicinity of Aquin, Dept, du Sud, but specimens from that locality may not be identical with L. p. personatus; very questionably reported from Furcy on the Montagne Noire. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to about 1850 feet (6 mi. SW Mirago'^ne). (2) Leiocephalus personatus actites Schwartz Leiocephalus personatus actites Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):14. Type-locality: Sosua, Puerto Plata Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81088. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; along the northern coast from Punta Rucia in the west to near Sabaneta de Yasica in the east, Puerto Plata Province. (3) Leiocephalus personatus agraulus Schwartz Leiocephalus personatus agraulus Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):21. Type-locality: 1 mi. WSW Constanza, 4000 feet (1311 meters). La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. hiolotype: MCZ 81090. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; interior uplands of the Cordillera Central in the Valle de Constanza and Valle de Tireo, and the southern slope of the Cordillera Central north of San Juan (Rfo Arriba del Norte, 7 km N Carpintero); recently collected specimens from near Rancho Arriba, Peravia Province, Restauracion, Dajabon Province, and above Padre las Casas, Azua Province, may also pertain to this subspecies. Altitudinal distribution from 1950 feet to 4000 feet. (4) Leiocephalus personatus budeni Schwartz Leiocephalus personatus budeni Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1) :19. Type-locality: 12 km NE Jarabacoa, 2000 feet (656 meters). La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. hiolotype: MCZ 81089. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (5) Leiocephalus personatus mentalis Cochran Leiocephalus personatus mentalis Cochran, 1932, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 45:178. Type-locality: jovero, El Seibo Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 65772. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from the type-locality east to juanillo. La Altagracia Province; all localities close to sea level or actually coastal. (6) Leiocephalus personatus poikilometes Schwartz Leiocephalus personatus poikilometes Schwartz, 1969, j. Flerp. 3(1/2) :82. Type- locality: 10 km SE El jorillo, 2050 feet (625 meters), San Juan Province, Repdblica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 165935. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the northern range of the Sierra de Neiba, and the floor of the Valle de San Juan in the vicinity of Barranca, San Juan Province. Altitudinal distribution from 1400 feet to 2050 feet. (7) Leiocephalus personatus pyrrholaemus Schwartz Leiocephalus personatus pyrrholaemus Schwartz, 1971, Fierpetologica 27(2) :178. Type-locality: 9 km E Las Galeras, Samana Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CM 52287. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the Peninsula de Samana. (8) Leiocephalus personatus scalaris Cochran Leiocephalus personatus scalaris Cochran, 1932, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 135 45:181. Type-locality: Cap-HaVtien, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 74054. Leiocephalus personatus pulcherrimus Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449):50. Type-locality: 2 km S Moncion, 450 meters, Santiago RodrTguez Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 25757. Distribution. Hispaniola: from the vicinity of Carosse, near Port Margot, on the northern Haitian coast and inland to Dondon and St. Michel de I’Atalaye, east- ward along the coast to Monte Cristi; inland in the Valle de Cibao to the vicinity of Santiago; inland in Haiti south to Cerca-la-Source and in the Republica Dominicana to Banica; Cayos Siete Hermanos (Isla Monte Chico); Isla Cabras off the coast at Monte Cristi. Intergrades with L. p. tarachodes in the area of Moca, Espaillat Province, Salcedo, Salcedo Province, and La Vega, La Vega Province. (9) Leiocephalus personatus tarachodes Schwartz Leiocephalus personatus tarachodes Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):11. Type-locality: 6 km SE Nagua, Marla Trinidad Sanchez Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 81087. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from the vicinity of Nagua, southeastward to Sabana de la Mar and Hato Mayor, west to the vicinity of Moca and Salcedo (where it intergrades with L. p. scalaris); most localities coastal or nearly so. (10) Leiocephalus personatus trujilloensis Mertens Leiocephalus personatus trujilloensis Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449):45. Type-locality: Ciudad Trujillo (=Santo Domingo), Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: SMF 26213. Distribution. South-central Republica Dominicana; from Limonal, Peravia Province, and Sabana Grande de Palenque, San Cristobal Province, east to the Rio Ozama, and into the interior to the vicinity of Villa Altagracia, San Cristobal Province, and to near Pedregal, Distrito Nacional. REMARKS. Specimens of L. personatus from the city of San Cristobal, the rTo Cumayasa, La Romana Province, and Boca del Soco, San Pedro de Macons Province, seem not referrable to L. p. trujilloensis. There is a specimen of L. personatus from St. Marc, Dept, de TArtibonite, which is left unassigned subspecifially. LEIOCEPHALUS PRATENSIS Cochran Hispaniolus pratensis Cochran, 1928, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41:50. Type- locality: Atalaye Plantation near St. Michel, Departement du Nord, Haiti; emended by Schwartz, 1968, ). Herp. 1(1/4):54-55, to Atalaye Plantation, near St. Michel de I'Atalaye, Departement de LArtibonite, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 69189. Leiocephalus pratensis: Etheridge, 1966, Copeia (1):88. Distribution. Haiti; known from the vicinity of the type-locality, and lle'a Cabrit in the Golfe de la Gonave. LEIOCEPHALUS PSAMMODROMUS Barbour Leiocephalus arenarius Barbour, 1911, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 29:217. Preoc- cupied by Steironotus (=Leiocephalus) arenarius Tschudi, 1845, Fauna Peruana, Herp. :25. Type-locality: Bastion Cay, Turks Islands; this cay is unbeatable on 136 any modern map and islanders do not know of its existence. Holotype: MCZ 11948. Leiocephalus psammodromus Barbour, 1920, Copeia (85):73 (substitute name for Leiocephalus arenarius Barbour). (1) Leiocephalus psammodromus psammodromus Barbour, new combination Distribution. Turks Is.; “Bastion Cay," Big Sand Cay. (2) Leiocephalus psammodromus aphretor Schwartz, new combination Leiocephalus arenarius aphretor Schwartz, 1967, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(12):163. Type-locality: Long Cay, southeast of Grand Turk Island, Turks Islands. Liolotype: CM 40602. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (3) Leiocephalus psammodromus apocrinus Schwartz, new combination Leiocephalus arenarius apocrinus Schwartz, 1967, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(12):165. Type-locality: Big Ambergris Cay, northwest side, Caicos Islands. hlolotype: CM 40601. Distribution. Caicos Is.: Big Ambergris Cay, Little Ambergris Cay. (4) Leiocephalus psammodromus cacodoxus Schwartz, new combination Leiocephalus arenarius cacodoxus Schwartz, 1967, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(12):176. Type-locality: Providenciales Island, Caicos Islands, hlolotype: MCZ 54185. Distribution. Caicos Is.: Ft. George Cay, Providenciales I., Sugar Loaf I. (5) Leiocephalus psammodromus hyphantus Schwartz, new combination Leiocephalus arenarius hyphantus Schwartz, 1967, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(12):172. Type-locality: Pine Cay, Caicos Islands. Holotype: UMMZ 126624. Distribution. Caicos Is.: Pine Cay, Water Cay, Stubb Cay. (6) Leiocephalus psammodromus mounax Schwartz, new combination Leiocephalus arenarius mounax Schwartz, 1967, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(12) :169. Type-locality: Long Cay, off Cockburn Harbour, South Caicos Island, Caicos Islands. Holotype: CM 40603. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. REMARKS. L. psammodromus is known also from West Caicos I., Dellis Cay, Parrot Cay, North Caicos I., Middle Caicos I., East Caicos I. in the Caicos Islands, and Gibbs Cay, East Cay, Pear Cay in the Turks Islands; the taxonomic status of these populations remains questionable. Whether Big Sand Cay specimens are correctly associated with topotypical L. ps. psammodromus is also problematical. LEIOCEPHALUS PUNCTATUS Cochran Leiocephalus carinatus punctatus Cochran, 1931, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 21(3):39. Type-locality: Jamaica Wells, Acklin's Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: USNM 81560. Leiocephalus carinatus helenae Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boxton Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5);359. Type-locality: South Cay, Mira Por Vos Islands, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 38110. Leiocephalus carinatus picinus Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5):360. Type-locality: Atwood's Cay (=Samana Cay), Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 38120. Leiocephalus punctatus: Etheridge, 1966, Copeia (1):79. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Samana Cay, Crooked I., Goat Cay, Fortune I., Acklin's I., Castle I., Mira Por Vos Is., North Cay, Fish Cay, Guana Cay. REMARKS. The subspecies helenae and picinus may be recognizable, but fresh specimens from the Mira Por Vos Islands are lacking for comparison. LEIOCEPHALUS RAVICEPS Cope Liocephalus raviceps Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:183. Type- locality: Eastern Cuba; restricted by Gundlach, 1880, Contr. Erpet. Cubana:34, to mountains near Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Syntypes: ANSP 8601-03, MCZ 10928, USNM 4162. Leiocephalus raviceps: Stejneger, 1917, Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 53:274. (1) Leiocephalus raviceps raviceps Cope Leiocephalus raviceps raviceps: Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:74. Distribution. Cuba; the southern coast of Oriente Province, from the Bahia de Guantanamo east to north of Cajobabo. (2) Leiocephalus raviceps delavarai Garrido Leiocephalus raviceps delavarai Garrido, 1973, Torreia, n.s. (30) :4. Type- locality: Los Cocos, 6 km from Gibara, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2774. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (3) Leiocephalus raviceps jaumei Schwartz and Garrido Leiocephalus raviceps jaumei Schwartz and Garrido, 1968, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 81:24. Type-locality: San Waldo, 4 km N Cortes, on the road be- tween Cortes and Isabel Rubio, Pinar del Rm Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 349. Distribution. Known only from the immediate vicinity of the type-locality. (4) Leiocephalus raviceps klinikowskii Schwartz Leiocephalus raviceps klinikowskii Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:77. Type-locality: 4.5 km SW Varadero, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83326. Distribution. The Penmsula de Hicacos, northern Matanzas Province, Cuba. (5) Leiocephalus raviceps uzzelli Schwartz Leiocephalus raviceps uzzelli Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:70. Type-locality: 18.2 km E Siboney, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 79321. Distribution. Cuba; the southern Oriente coast from the Bahfa de Guantanamo west to La Socapa. REMARKS. L. raviceps is also known from Baracoa on the northern mesic Oriente coast, but the status of this population remains unknown. L. raviceps has more recently been collected on Cayo Lanzanillo to the north of Isabela de Sagua, Las Villas Province. 138 LEIOCEPHALUS SCHREIBERSI Gravenhorst Pristinotus schreibersii Gravenhorst, 1837, Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol. 18(2) ;739. Type-locality: San Domingo; restricted by Schwartz, 1968, J. Herp. 1(1/4);40, to the vicinity of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: unlocated. Liocephalus schreibersii: Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:123. (1) Leiocephalus schreibersi schreibersi Gravenhorst Leiocephalus schreibersi schreibersi: Schwartz, 1968, J. Herp. 1(1/4):41. Distribution. Hispaniola: the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain, from Azua and Barahona (south to La Cienaga on the east coast of the Penmsula de Barahona) in the east to fa Ira and the type-locality in the west, and northwest along the Golfe de la Gon'Sve to Dessalines, GonaYves, and Ennery, Dept, de I'Artibonite; an isolated segment on the Haitian Presqutle du Nord Quest (Bombardopolis to Port-de-Paix); an isolated segment in the Valle de Cibao (Monte Cristi to the vicinity of Guayubm, Monte Cristi Province); Cayos Siete Hermanos (Islas Tororu, Muertos, Ratas, Tercero). (2) Leiocephalus schreibersi nssomorus Schwartz Leiocephalus schreibersi nesomorus Schwartz, 1968, J. Herp. 1(1/4):47. Type- locality: Palmiste, He de la Tortue, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81120. Distribution. He de la Tortue. LEIOCEPHALUS SEMILINEATUS Dunn Leiocephalus semilineatus Dunn, 1920, Proc. New England Zool. Club 7:33. Type- locality: Thomazeau, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 12748. Distribution. Hispaniola: the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain, into the Llanos de Azua in the east; from Port-au-Prince and vicinity in Haiti (ascending the southern slopes of the Montagnes du Trou-d’Eau at Fond Michelle and the northern slopes of the Massif de la Selle at Soliette) in the west, east to 16 km NW Bam, Peravia Province, north into the eastern portion of the Valle de San Juan and northeast of Padre las Casas, Azua Province. Altitudinal distribution from below sea level (Fond Parisien; Duverge) to 2000 feet (Soliette, 3.8 mi. NW Fond Verrettes). LEIOCEPHALUS STICTIGASTER Schwartz Leiocephalus stictigaster Schwartz, 1959, Bull. Florida State Mus. 4(4):121. Type- locality: Beach on Cabo Corrientes, Pinar del Rm Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 77864. (1) Leiocephalus stictigaster stictigaster Schwartz Leiocephalus stictigaster stictigaster Schwartz, 1959, Bull. Florida State Mus. 4(4):123. Distribution. The Penmsula de Guanahacabibes, Pinar del R\o Province, Cuba, east to the vicinity of Cayuco, where it intergrades with L. s. sierrae. (2) Leiocephalus stictigaster astictus Schwartz Leiocephalus stictigaster astictus Schwartz, 1959, Bull. Florida State Mus. 4(4):134. Type-locality: Caleta de Carapachibey, Isla de Pinos, Habana Province. Holotype: AMNH 81095. Distribution. Isla de Pinos, south of the Cienaga de Lanier. 139 (3) Leiocephalus stictigaster celeustes Schwartz and Garrido Leiocephalus stictigaster celeustes Schwartz and Garrido, 1968, Natl. Mus. Canada, Nat. Hist. Papers (37):14. Type-locality: Contramaestre, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: \Z 1182. Distribution. Known only from west-central Oriente Province, Cuba, along the northern flank of the Sierra Meastra, from the vicinity of Bueycito in the west to the type-locality in the east. (4) Leiocephalus stictigaster exotheotus Schwartz Leiocephalus stictigaster exotheotus Schwartz, 1959, Bull. Florida State Mus. 4(4):130. Type-locality: 1.5 mi. W Santa Fe, Isla de Pinos, Habana Province. Holotype: AMNH 81088. Distribution. Isla de Pinos, north of the Cienaga de Lanier. (5) Leiocephalus stictigaster gibarensis Schwartz and Garrido Leiocephalus stictigaster gibarensis Schwartz and Garrido, 1968, Natl. Mus. Canada, Nat. Hist. Papers (37);18. Type-locality: Gibara, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1236. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (6) Leiocephalus stictigaster lipomator Schwartz and Garrido Leiocephalus stictigaster lipomator Schwartz and Garrido, 1968, Natl. Mus. Canada, Nat. Hist. Papers (37):11. Type-locality: 3 km W Santa Clara, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1230. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (7) Leiocephalus stictigaster lucianus Schwartz Leiocephalus stictigaster lucianus Schwartz, 1960, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 73:104. Type-locality: Playa Santa Lucfa, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83583. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality on the northern Camaguey coast. (8) Leiocephalus stictigaster naranjoi Schwartz and Garrido Leiocephalus stictigaster naranjoi Schwartz and Garrido, 1968, Natl. Mus. Canada, Nat. Hist. Papers (37):3. Type-locality: Los Biasmones, Casilda, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 200. Distribution. Southern Las Villas Province, in the vicinity of Juragua to the west of the Bahfa de Cienfuegos and Casilda near the city of Trinidad. (9) Leiocephalus stictigaster ophiplacodes Schwartz Leiocephalus stictigaster ophiplacodes Schwartz, 1964, Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 27(3):217. Type-locality: 2.7 mi. SE Banao, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 92771. Distribution. The serpentine savannas of Camaguey Province, Cuba, south of the Sierra de Cubitas. (10) Leiocephalus stictigaster parasphex Schwartz Leiocephalus stictigaster parasphex Schwartz, 1964, Quart. ]. Florida Acad. Sci. 17(3) :212. Type-locality: Playa Bonita, east end Cayo Sabinal, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 92153. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (11) Leiocephalus stictigaster septentrionalis Garrido Leiocephalus stictigaster septentrionalis Garrido, 1975, Poeyana (141):28. Type-locality: Cayo Santa Marfa, Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 3425. Distribution. Known from Cayo Santa Maria, Cayo Frances, and Cayo Guillermo in the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey; the specimen from Cayo Guillermo is only tentatively assigned to this subspecies. (12) Leiocephalus stictigaster sierrae Schwartz Leiocephalus stictigaster sierrae Schwartz, 1959, Bull. Florida State Mus. 4(4):126. Type-locality: San Vicente, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba, hlolotype: AMNH 77813. Distribution. Pinar del Rfo Province, where it intergrades in the west with L. s. stictigaster near Cayuco, west to the vicinity of Las Pozas; occurs both in the lowlands (Flerradura; Las Canas) and in the massifs of the Sierra de los Organos and the Sierra del Rosario. REMARKS. L. stictigaster has also been taken in the Sierra de la Gran Piedra in southern Oriente, but remains poorly known and unrecognized nomencla- turally at that locality. LEIOCEPHALUS VINCULUM Cochran Leiocephalus vinculum Cochran, 1928, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41:54. Type- locality: Pointe'a Raquettes, He de la Gonave, Flaiti. hlolotype: MCZ 25435. (1) Leiocephalus vinculum vinculum Cochran Leiocephalus vinculum vinculum: Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):43. Distribution, lie de la Gon'ave. (2) Leiocephalus vinculum altavelensis Noble and Hassler Leiocephalus altavelensis Noble and Hassler, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652):14. Type-locality: Isla Alto Velo, Republica Dominicana. Liolotype: AMNH 51055. Leiocephalus vinculum altavelensis: Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1);46. Distribution. Isla Alto Velo. (3) Leiocephalus vinculum endomychus Schwartz Leiocephalus vinculum endomychus Schwartz, 1967, Tulane Stud. Zool. 14(1):45. Type-locality: 3.4 mi. (5.5 km) NE Barrage de Peligre, 1100 feet (361 meters), Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Liolotype: MCZ 81099. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality; a single specimen from Hinche, Dept, de I’Artibonite, is questionably referred to this taxon. MABUYA LINEOLATA Noble and Hassler Mabuya lineolata Noble and Hassler, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652):16. Type- locality: Monte Cristi, Monte Cristi Province, Republica Dominicana. Liolotype: AMNH 42145. Distribution. Known from the type-locality and Cana, Monte Cristi Province. 141 MABUYA MABOUYA Lacepede Lacertus Mabouya Lacepede, T788, Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Ovip. 2:378. Type-locality: The Antilles and Sardinia (the latter in error); restricted to the Lesser Antilles by Dunn, 1935, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia (135)87:544; further restricted to St. Vincent by Smith and Taylor, 1950, Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (199):156. Holo- type: unlocated. (Mabuya Mabouya): Fitzinger, 1826, Neue Class. Rept. :52. (Lacertus Mabouya was included as a synonym of Fitzinger’s Mabuya dominicensis.) (1) Mabuya mabouya mabouya Lacei:^ede Mabuya dominicensis Fitzinger, 1826, Neue Class. Rept.:23 (substitute name for Mabuya mabouya Lacepede). Scincus (Tiliqua) aenea Gray, 1831, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom 9:70. Type-locality: “Brazils”; stated by Gray, 1838, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1(2):292, to be “West Indies” and by Gray, 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.:94, to be “W. I.” and “St. Vincents.” Syntypes:^BMNh 1946.8.19.78, BMNH 1946.8.15.12. Eumeces mabouia Dumeril and Bibron, 1839, Erp. Gen. 5:646. Type-locality: Martinique and Guadeloupe. Syntypes: MNHN 2902, MNHN 5110, MNHN 738, MNHN 1785, MNHN 2903, MNHN 5421. Mabuia lanceolata Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:187. Type- locality: Barbados. Holotype: USNM 6041. Mabuya metallica Bocourt, 1879, Miss. Sci. Mexique, Reptiles:400. Type-local- ity: Martinique. Syntypes: MNHN 739, MNHN 5423. Mabuia luciae Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:51. Type-locality: St. Lucia. Holotype: MCZ 6046. Mabuya dominicana Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:51. Type-locality: Dominica. Syntypes: MCZ 6049. Mabuya mabouya mabouya: Dunn, 1935, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 87:554. Distribution. Anguilla, St. -Martin, St.-Barthelemy, Redonda, Montserrat, Guade- loupe (and lle'a Cochons), Marie-Galante, Dominica, St. Lucia, St. Vincent (and Young's I.), the Grenadines (Bequia I., Mustique I., Mayeau I., Petit Bateau I., and Carriacou I.), Grenada (and Glover's I.), and Barbados; also known from Tobago and Trinidad through amazonian South America, the Pacific region of Colombia and Ecuador north to Panama^. (2) Mabuya mabouya pergravis Barbour, new combination Mabuya pergravis Barbour, 1921, Proc. New England Zool. Club 7:85. Type- locality: Isla de Providencia, Colombia. Holotype: USNM 13875. Distribution. Isla de Providencia and Isla Santa Catalina. (3) Mabuya mabouya sloanei Daudin Scincus sloanii Daudin, 1803, Hist. Nat. Rept. 4:287. Type-locality: St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Holotype: MNHN 554. Mabuya fulgida Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:186. Type- locality: Jamaica. Syntypes: ANSP 9404-09, USNM 5769. Mabuya nitida Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:51. Type-locality: Puerto Rico and Santo Domingo. Syntypes: MCZ 3617, MCZ 6050, MCZ 6052. Euprepes semitaeniatus Wiegmann, 1837, Arch. Nat.:135. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: ZMB 5290. Euprepes spilononotus Wiegmann, 1837, Arch. Nat.:135. Type-locality: un- known. Holotype: ZMB 3758. Tiliqua Richardii Gray, 1838, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1(2):292 (substitute name for sloanii Daudin). 142 Mabuia cuprescens Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:186. Type- locality: St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Holotype: unlocated, apparently lost. Mabuia sloanei: Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:185. Distribution. Caicos Is. (Providenciales I., North Caicos I., Bay Cay, Middle Caicos I., East Caicos I., South Caicos I., Long Cay, Six Hill Cays, Little Ambergris Cay), Turks Is. (Grand Turk I., Gibbs Cay), Jamaica, Hispaniola, Isla Mona, Isla Monito, Puerto Rico (and Cayo Icacos), Vieques, Culebra (and Cayo Luis Pena), St. Thomas (and Salt Cay, Water I., Saba I., and Buck I.), St. John, St. Croix (and Green Cay), Jost Van Dyke, Tortola (and Salt I. and Peter I.), Great Camanoe I., Virgin Gorda, and Anegada. REMARKS. The taxonomy of Antillean Mabuya is not so simple as current nomenclature indicates; however, the study of this group is complicated by the extinction or virtual extinction of a number of island populations. For more complete synonymies of M. m. mabouya see Dunn (1935, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 87:544), and Peters and Donoso-Barros (1970, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (297):199-200). PHYLLODACTYLUS PULCHER Gray Phyllodactylus pulcher Gray, 1830, Spicilegia Zoo/. :3. Type-locality: not given; later stated by Gray, 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.:150, to be "Tropical America?" Holotype: BMNH 1946.9.4.80. Phyllodactylus spatulatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:176. Type-locality: Barbados. Syntypes: USNM 6040. Distribution. Barbados. PHYLLODACTYLUS WIRSHINGI Kerster and Smith Phyllodactylus wirshingi Kerster and Smith, 1955, Herpetologica 11(3):229. Type- locality: Isla Caja de Muertos, Puerto Rico. Holotype: UIMNH 37740. Distribution. Isla Caja de Muertos off the central south coast of Puerto Rico, and southwestern Puerto Rico between Parguera and 9 km SE Guanica. REMARKS. Six specimens of Phyllodactylus have recently been taken 2 km NW Monte Rio, Azua Province, Republica Dominicana, at an elevation of about 90 feet. These lizards are similar to Ph. wirshingi, but we merely point out that the genus occurs on Hispaniola. SPHAERODACTYLUS ALAYOl Grant Sphaerodactylus alayoi Grant, 1959, Herpetologica 15 (1):49. Type-locality: Guantanamo Naval Base, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: UIMNH 44215. Distribution. Known only from the United States Naval Base, Bahia de Guanta- namo (but it has not been recollected since the original material taken in 1958), and Boqueron on the east side of the Bahia de Guantanamo. REMARKS. The status of S. alayoi and its distribution are questionable, accord- ing to Thomas and Schwartz (1966, Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. 7(4):14). That the species has not been retaken on the United States Naval Base suggests that the type-locality is incorrect. 143 SPHAERODACTYLUS ALTAVELENSIS Noble and Hassler Sphaerodactylus altavelensis Noble and Hassler, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652):7. Type-locality: Isla Alto Velo, Repi^blica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 51488. (1) Sphaerodactylus altavelensis altavelensis Noble and Hassler, new combination Distribution. Isla Alto Velo. (2) Sphaerodactylus altavelensis brevirostratus Shreve, new combination Sphaerodactylus brevirostratus brevirostratus Shreve, 1968, Breviora (280) :10. Type-locality: 5 km S Dufort, south of Leog^ne, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 63234. Distribution. Haiti; from the region of Lascahobas and Pierre Payen on the north island, south to the Cul de Sac Plain, onto the north slopes of the Morne I’H^pital in the vicinity of Petionville (and apparently as high as Furcy) and west along the base of the Tiburon Peninsula at least to the vicinity of Grand Goave and south to the south coast of the peninsula in the vicinity of Cayes Jacmel; also apparently at Jeremie, Dept, du Sud, near the tip of the Tiburon Peninsula. (3) Sphaerodactylus altavelensis enriquilloensis Shreve, new combination Sphaerodactylus brevirostratus enriquilloensis Shreve, 1968, Breviora (280) :14. Type-locality: 4 km E La Descubierta, near Lago Enriquillo, Independencia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 57846. Distribution. Republica Dominicana: the Valle de Neiba east of the Dominico- Haitian border, south around the eastern edge of the Sierra de Baoruco to slightly beyond the city of Barahona, eastward to the Llanos de Azua (17 km E Azua), south to Punta Martin Garcia and north at least to the Azua-San Juan province border area (southeast of Guanito); a specimen from near Vallejuelo within the Sierra de Neiba is tentatively referred to this subspecies. REMARKS. Although Shreve named S. brevirostratus as a distinct species, its affinities are obviously with the earlier-named S. altavelensis, and we regard the two taxa as conspecific. SPHAERODACTYLUS ARGIVUS Carman Sphaerodactylus argivus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 20: 103. Type-locality: Cayman Brae, Cayman Islands. Syntypes: MCZ 6223, MCZ 13597. (1) Sphaerodactylus argivus argivus Carman Sphaerodactylus argivus argivus: Thomas, 1975, Herpetologica 31(2):188. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Cayman Brae. (2) Sphaerodactylus argivus bartschi Cochran Sphaerodactylus bartschi Cochran, 1934, Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 92(7):5. Type- locality: Little Cayman I., Cayman Is. Holotype: USNM 81759. Sphaerodactylus argivus bartschi: Thomas, 1975, Herpetologica 31(2);189. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Little Cayman I. (3) Sphaerodactylus argivus lewisi Grant Sphaerodactylus lewisi Grant, 1941, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 2:20. Type- 144 locality: Georgetown, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. Holotype: MCZ 44987. Sphaerodactylus argivus lewisi: Thomas, 1975, Herpetologica 31(2);189. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Grand Cayman I. SPHAERODACTYLUS ARGUS Gosse Sphaerodactylus argus Gosse, 1850, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2(6):347. Type-locality: Jamaica (see REMARKS). Syntypes: BMNH 47.12.24.56, BMNH 47.12.24.59. (1) Sphaerodactylus argus argus Gosse Sphaerodactylus argus argus: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2) :114. Sphaerodactylus argus henriquesi Grant, 1940, ya/T7a/ca Today: 154. Type-local- ity: Mandeville, Manchester Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 44971. Distribution. Jamaica and associated islets including the Pedro Cays (Northeast Cay); Cuba (Cienfuegos and the Sierra de Trinidad in Las Villas Province, Los Negros near Jiguani, Oriente Province) and its southern coastal islands (Cayo Cabeza del Este, Archipielago de los Jardines de la Reina, Cayo Levisa near Santa Cruz del Sur); North Bimini and New Providence in the Bahama Islands; and Isla Grande del Mafz, Nicaragua. The Cuban, Bahamian, and Islas del Malz populations were probably introduced by man; certainly introduced b) man on Key West, Fla. (2) Sphaerodactylus argus andresensis Dunn and Saxe Sphaerodactylus argus andresensis Dunn and Saxe, 1950, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 102:148. Type-locality: Isla San Andres, Colombia. Holotype: ANSP 25912. Distribution. Isla San Andres, Colombia. REMARKS. Dunn and Saxe (1950, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 102:149) asserted that Grant had incorrectly proposed the name henriquesi for those populations of Jamaican argus to which the nominate subspecific name should apply. This statement was based on their supposition that the type-locality of S. argus is Bluefields. However, Gosse did not specify a type-locality and none can be inferred from his writings (op. cit. and 1851, A Naturalist's Sojourn in Jamaica: i-xxiv, 1-508). It is probable that the type-series is composed of speci- mens from both eastern and western Jamaica. SPHAERODACTYLUS ARMASI Schwartz and Garrido Sphaerodactylus armasi Schwartz and Garrido, 1974, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 87(30) :339. Type-locality: Cabo Maisf, Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holo- type: IZ 4089. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. SPHAERODACTYLUS ARMSTRONGI Noble and Hassler Sphaerodactylus armstrongi Noble and Hassler, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates (652):5. Type-locality: Mountain top on property of G. Hermann, near Paraiso, 2400 feet, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 51470. Distribution. Hispaniola: in Haiti from higher elevations (2000 feet to 4400 feet) in the Massif de la Selle (Seguin, Soliette northwest of Fond Verrettes) and in this same range in the Repijblica Dominicana (between Cabeza de Agua and north of Los Arroyos), into the Sierra de Baoruco (north of Cabo Rojo) east to the coast of the Penmsula de Barahona (vicinity of Barahona, type-locality, and 1 km NE Parafso); also in the Morne I'HSpital (Petionville) in Haiti. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (Parafso) to 5800 feet (5 km NE Los Arroyos). SPHAERODACTYLUS BEATTYI Grant Sphaerodactylus beattyi Grant, 1937, J. Agr. Univ. Puerto Rico 21(4);508. Type- locality: Good Hope, St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands (see REMARKS). Holotype: UMMZ 80567. (1) Sphaerodactylus beattyi beattyi Grant Sphaerodactylus beattyi beattyi: Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6):252. Distribution. The eastern part of St. Croix, west to Rustoptwist to the northwest of Christiansted, except for an approximately two-mile section of coast (ca. 0.5 mi. E Mt. Fancy to 2 mi. W Grapetree Bay); Green Cay and Buck I. (2) Sphaerodactylus beattyi seamani Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus beattyi seamani Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6) :252. Type-locality: ca. 0.5 mi. E Mt. Fancy, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Holotype: MCZ 81056. Distribution. Known only from an approximately two-mile section of the south coast of St. Croix, from the type-locality east to 2 mi. W Grapetree Bay; the in- land extent of the range is unknown. REMARKS. There is some apparently unresolvable confusion about the type- locality of S. beattyi. Good Hope is in the southwestern part of the island, where the species appears not to occur (Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6);249). SPHAERODACTYLUS BECKI Schmidt Sphaerodactylus becki Schmidt, 1919, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 41(12):520. Type- locality: Navassa Island. Holotype: AMNH 12595. Distribution. Navassa I. SPHAERODACTYLUS BROMELIARUM Peters and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus bromeliarum Peters and Schwartz, 1972, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 48(2) :395. Type-locality: Western slope of El Yunque de Baracoa, above Tabaio, 15 km W Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 42827. Distribution. Known from the type-locality and Monte Iberia in the Cuchillas de Toa. SPHAERODACTYLUS CAICOSENSIS Cochran Sphaerodactylus caicosensis Cochran, 1934, Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 92(7) ;7. Type- locality: South Caicos Island, Caicos Islands. Holotype: USNM 81443. Distribution. Caicos Is.: West Caicos I., Providenciales I., Little Water Cay, Water Cay, Pine Cay, Bay Cay, Dellis Cay, Parrot Cay, North Caicos I., Middle Caicos I., Pelican Cay, East Caicos I., South Caicos I., Long Cay, Middleton Cay, East Six Hill Cay, Big Ambergris Cay. 146 SPHAERODACTYLUS CINEREUS Wagler Sphaerodactylus cinereus Waller, 1830, Syst. Amph. :143. Type-locality: Haiti. Holotype: Based on Lacepede's sputateur. Sphaerodactylus elegans MacLeay, 1834, Proc. Zool. Soc. London :12. Type- locality: Cuba; probably the vicinity of Guanabacoa, Habana Province, according to Barbour, 1921, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(3):231. Holotype: unlocated. Sphaeriodactylus punctatissimus Dumeril and Bibron, 1835, Erp. Gen. 3:405. Type- locality: St.-Domingue. Syntypes: MNHN 1768. Sphaerodactylus alopex Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:449. Type-locality: Riviere de la Grande Anse, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: MCZ 3343. Distribution. Cuba, islandwide but apparently less common in Camaguey and Oriente provinces; Isla de Pinos; Jardines de la Reina (Cayo Grande); Archi- pielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo Frances, Cayo Coco); Hispaniola, known from throughout Haiti, primarily in urban situations; He Grande Cayemite; He de la Gonave; introduced on the Florida Keys (Key West; Boca Chica Key). REMARKS. Mittleman (1950, Herpetologica 6(3):60-66) suggested the use of trinomials (S. c. cinereus for the Hispaniolan populations, S. c. elegans for the Cuban populations), but this procedure has not been followed by American herpetologists. We do not follow this suggestion here since we have not studied the two segments of S. cinereus in detail. SPHAERODACTYLUS CLENCHI Shreve Sphaerodactylus clenchi Shreve, 1968, Breviora (280) :21. Type-locality: Samana^ (=Santa Barbara de Samana), Samana Province, Republica Dominicana. Holo- type: MCZ 43706. Distribution. Hispaniola: the Penmsula de Samana in the Republica Domini- cana west to 5 mi. W Sanchez; also along the southern shore of the Bahfa de Samana (Caba) eastward to 2.6 mi. NE La Vacama, La Altagracia Province, the distribution along the southern shore of the bay not known to be continuous. SPHAERODACTYLUS COCHRANAE Ruibal Sphaerodactylus cochranae Ruibal, 1946, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1308):1. Type- locality: Bahia de San Lorenzo, El Seibo Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNFi 50233. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of the type-locality. SPHAERODACTYLUS COPEI Steindachner Sphaerodactylus copei Steindachner, 1869, Reise. .. Novara, Vert. 1:18. Type- locality: unknown; restricted by Schwartz and Thomas, 1965. Quart. J. Elorida Acad. Sci. 27(4):318, to the vicinity of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: NMV 14761. Spharerodactylus anihracinus Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:500. Type-locality: Mexico; restricted to Jalapa, Veracruz by Smith and Taylor, 1950, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (199):213. Holotype: ANSP 7558. See Taylor (1947, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 31:300-301) for discussion of purported Mexican records, and Thomas (1968, Herpetologica 24(1):47) for disposition of name. Sphaerodactylus asper Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 20:113. Type-locality: Andros Island, Bahama Islands. Syntypes: MCZ 6222. 147 (1) Sphaerodactylus copei copei Steindachner Sphaerodactylus copei copei: Schwartz and Thomas, 1965, Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 27(4) :320. Distribution. Haiti: from Trouin and ^a Ira in the west, east to Fond Parisien near the Dominico-Haitian border; specimens from "Mirago^ne" and Fond de Negres are questionably associated with this subspecies (Schwartz, 1975, Herpetologica 31(1):14). Altitudinal distribution from below sea level to about 3000 feet near Petionville. (2) Sphaerodactylus copei astreptus Schwartz Sphaerodactylus copei astreptus Schwartz, 1975, Herpetologica 31(1):4. Type- locality: 3-4 km (airline) WNW Mirago^ne, along the coast, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 194029. Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of Mirago^ne and Paillant, Dept, du Sud, Haiti. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 500 feet. (3) Sphaerodactylus copei cataplexis Schwartz and Thomas Sphaerodactylus copei cataplexis Schwartz and Thomas, 1965, Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 27(4) :326. Type-locality: Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 77161. Distribution. Haiti: known from the type-locality, Marceline, Post Avance, Les Platons, and Carrefour Canon in the Massif de la Hotte, Les Cayes on the southern coast, and an apparently disjunct population at Dame-Marie near the tip of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti; lle-a-Vache; introduced on New Provi- dence Island, Bahama Islands, where local (Nassau); perhaps introduced on Andros Island, Bahama Islands, but not recently collected there (see synonymy of S. copei). Altitudinal distribution from sea level to about 3000 feet. Inter- gradation between S. c. cataplexis and S. c. pelates occurs in the vicinitv of Cavaillon. (4) Sphaerodactylus copei deuterus Schwartz Sphaerodactylus copei deuterus Schwartz, 1975, Herpetologica 31(1):5. Type- locality: Source Picmi, above Picmi, He de la Gon'Sve, Haiti. Holotype: CM 56782. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (5) Sphaerodactylus copei enochrus Schwartz and Thomas Sphaerodactylus copei enochrus Schwartz and Thomas, 1965, Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 27(4) :322. Type-locality: Marbial, 21 km NE jacmel, Departement de rOuest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 65128. Distribution. Haiti; along the southeastern coast from 6.7 mi. SW Jacmel to Marigot, north in the Vallee de Trouin to south of Trouin, and onto southern slopes of the Massif de la Selle at Marbial and Bas Cap Rouge. Intergradation between S. c. copei and S. c. enochrus unknown, although the two subspecies approach each other closely in the vicinity of Trouin. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to about 2600 feet. (6) Sphaerodactylus copei pelates Schwartz Sphaerodactylus copei pelates Schwartz, 1975, Herpetologica 31(1):8. Type- locality: Beach area at base of Morne Dubois “peninsula,” Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 194030. Distribution. Haiti; known from the type-locality, Aquin, Vieux Bourg d'Aquin, and L’Asile, Dept, du Sud. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 600 feet. 148 (7) Sphaerodactylus copei picturatus Carman Sphaerodactylus picturatus Carman, 1887, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:19. Type-locality: Riviere de la Crande Anse, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: MCZ 3341-42. Sphaerodactylus copei picturatus: Schwartz and Thomas, 1965, Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 27(4) :324. Distribution. Northern coast of the distal portion of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, from the vicinity of Jeremie in the west to Crand Boucan in the east. Alti- tudinal distribution apparently near sea level. (8) Sphaerodactylus copei polyommatus Thomas Sphaerodactylus copei polyommatus Thomas, 1968, Herpetologica 24(1 ):47. Type-locality: Vicinity of Pointe Sable, lie Crand Cayemite, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 92036. Distribution, lie Crande Cayemite (9) Sphaerodactylus copei websteri Schwartz Sphaerodactylus copei websteri Schwartz, 1975, Herpetologica 31(1):6. Type- locality: Les Anglais, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 126088. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. REMARKS. Many details of distribution of various subspecies of S. copei re- main to be clarified. Part of the confusion results from apparently incorrect labeling of specimens from localities in reference to Mirago^ne. Large areas of the Tiburon Peninsula are unrepresented by specimens of S. copei. There are no specimens of S. copei from the Dominican Valle de Neiba, although the species has been taken at Fond Parisien in Haiti. However, two specimens from the Peninsula de Barahona (6 km SW Las Mercedes; 11 km N, 2 km SE Cabo Rojo) resemble S. copei and probably represent an endemic Penmsula species re- lated to S. copei. SPHAERODACTYLUS CORTICOLA Carman Sphaerodactylus corticolus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 20:111. Type-locality: Rum Cay, Bahama Islands. Syntypes: MCZ 6219. (1) Sphaerodactylus corticola corticola Carman Sphaerodactylus corticola corticola: Schwartz, 1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17):229 (spelling emendation). Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (2) Sphaerodactylus corticola apporox Schwartz Sphaerodactylus corticola apporox Schwartz, 1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17) :240. Type-locality: East Plana Cay, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 76146. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (3) Sphaerodactylus corticola campter Schwartz Sphaerodactylus corticola campter Schwartz, 1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17):237. Type-locality: East of Snug Corner, Acklin’s Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 40636. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Crooked I., Fortune I., North Cay, Fish Cay, Acklin I., Castle I. 149 (4) Sphaerodactylus corticola soter Schwartz Sphaerodactylus corticola soter Schwartz, 1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17) :232. Type-locality: 1.3 mi. S Dixon Hill (=United Estates), San Salvador Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 40635. Distribution. Bahama Is.: San Salvador I., including Man Head Cay, Green Cay, Low Cay. REMARKS. S. corticola is also known from one specimen from Samana Cay, Bahama Is., but the subspecific status of this individual is in doubt. Some popu- lations included with S. c. campter may merit nomenclatural recognition, but specimens from the Crooked-Acklin's Bank are scarce. SPHAERODACTYLUS DARLINGTONI Sh reve Sphaerodactylus darlingtoni Shreve, 1968, Breviora (280): 15. Type-locality: Pico Diego de Ocampo, summit dome, ca. 4000 feet, between Puerto Plata and Santiago, Santiago Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 44380. (1) Sphaerodactylus darlingtoni darlingtoni Shreve, new combination Distribution. Republica Dominicana; western part of the Cordillera Septentrional, from Pico Diego de Ocampo west to Valverde Province (north of Cruce de Guayacanes). (2) Sphaerodactylus darlingtoni noblei Shreve, new combination Sphaerodactylus noblei Shreve, 1968, Breviora (280) :17. Type-locality: Los Bracitos, Duarte Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: AMNH 45216. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from Salcedo and northern La Vega provinces east to the Peninsula de Samana, south to central (Esperalvillo) and southern (El Tablazo) San Cristobal Province, and southeast to El Seibo and La Romana provinces. REMARKS. S. darlingtoni also occurs in the highlands of the isolated Sierra Martm Garcia in Azua and Barahona provinces, and in the Sierra de Neiba (11 km S Elias Pina, La Estrelleta Province); both populations remain unassigned subspecifically. SPHAERODACTYLUS DIFFICILIS Barbour Sphaerodactylus difficilis Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :265. Type- locality: Santiago de la Vega, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana. Holo- type: MCZ 7834. (1) Sphaerodactylus difficilis difficilis Barbour, new combination Distribution. Hispaniola: Republica Dominicana from the type-locality south onto northern slopes of the Cordillera Central (between La Vega and Jarabacoa), west to near Santiago, north onto southern slopes of the Cordillera Septentrional to the pass across these mountains at La Cumbre, and east to Los Bracitos, in La Vega, Santiago, Duarte, and extreme southern Puerto Plata provinces. (2) Sphaerodactylus difficilis randi Shreve, new combination Sphaerodactylus notatus randi Shreve, 1968, Breviora (280) :5. Type-locality: Oviedo, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 57839. 150 Distribution. Republica Dominicana; known from the vicinity of the type-local- ity on the eastern coast of the Penmsula de Barahona, and from Pedernales on the Dominico-Haitian border. REMARKS. These two subspecies encompass a small fraction of the geographic distribution of S. difficilis, the most widespread of the Hispaniolan Sphaerodactylus. The total distribution of the species (most populations of which remain unassigned subspecifically) is: north Haiti, from the Presqu'Tle du Nord Quest (Bombardopolis) east along the northern Haitian coast to Terrier Rouge and inland to Grande Riviere du Nord; in the Republica Domini- cana, from Monte Cristi in the northwest, east to the base of the Peninsula de Samana (Sanchez); central and eastern portions of the Republica Dominicana (Santiago and La Vega provinces) east to central La Altagracia Province (but absent from most coastal regions in La Altagracia Province), westward both inland and along the southern coast to San Juan and Azua provinces, and along the eastern coast of the Peninsula de Barahona to include the southern low- lands of the Peninsula; a single record from Hinche, Dept, de TArtibonite, Haiti; He de la Tortue; Cayos Siete Hermanos (Muertos, Monte Chico, Monte Grande) off the northern Dominican coast, and Isla Pascal in the Bahia de Samana. Alti- tudinal distribution from sea level to 2000 feet on the northern slopes of the Cordillera Central between La Vega and jarabacoa, and on southern slopes of the Cordillera Septentrional in the vicinity of La Cumbre. SPHAERODACTYLUS ELASMORHYNCHUS Thomas Sphaerodactylus elasmorhynchus Thomas, 1966, Breviora (253) :1. Type-locality: Ca. 5 km (airline) SSE Marche Leon, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81119. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. SPHAERODACTYLUS ELEGANTULUS Barbour Sphaerodactylus elegantulus Barbour, 1917, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 30:163. Type-locality: Antigua. Holotype: MCZ 12084. Distribution. Barbuda and Antigua. SPHAERODACTYLUS EANTASTICUS Dumeril and Bibron Sphaeriodactylus fantasticus Dumeril and Bibron, 1836, Erp. Gen. 3:406. Type- locality: Martinique (in error); revised to Guadeloupe by Barbour, 1915, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 28:73 and further restricted to the city of Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe, by Thomas, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3):376. Syntypes: MNHN 1770, MNHN 1772. (1) Sphaerodactylus fantasticus fantasticus Dumeril and Bibron Sphaerodactylus fantasticus fantasticus: King, 1962, Bull. Florida State Mus. 7(1):22. Distribution. West coast of the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe, from Mahaut south to the vicinity of Baillif. (2) Sphaerodactylus fantasticus anidrotus Thomas Sphaerodactylus fantasticus anidrotus Thomas, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3) :383. Type-locality: 5 km SE Grand-Bourg, Marie-Galante. Holotype: MCZ 77123. Distribution. Marie-Galante. (3) Sphaerodactylus fantasticus fuga Thomas Sphaerodactylus fantasticus fuga Thomas, 1965, Caribbean J. Sci. 4(2/3) :384. Type-locality: 1 mi. N Morne Raquette, St. Joseph Parish, Dominica. Holo- type: MCZ 77107. Distribution. Known only from the northwest coast of Dominica between the type-locality and Batali Estate. (4) Sphaerodactylus fantasticus hippomanes Thomas Sphaerodactylus fantasticus hippomanes Thomas, 1965, Caribbean J. Sci. 4(2/3):381. Type-locality: Baie Mahault, La Desirade. Holotype: MCZ 77101. Distribution. La Desirade. (5) Sphaerodactylus fantasticus karukera Thomas Sphaerodactylus fantasticus karukera Thomas, 1965, Caribbean J. Sci. 4(2/3):380. Type-locality: Cosier on the Grande-Terre portion of Guadeloupe. Holotype: MCZ 77088. Distribution. Known from the type-locality, llet du Cosier, and Terre de Bas, lies de la Petite Terre. (6) Sphaerodactylus fantasticus ligniservulus King Sphaerodactylus fantasticus ligniservulus King, 1962, Bull. Florida State Mus. 7(1):25. Type-locality: Plymouth, St. Anthony’s Parish, Montserrat. Holotype: MCZ 66968. Distribution. Montserrat. (7) Sphaerodactylus fantasticus orescius Thomas Sphaerodactylus fantasticus orescius Thomas, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3) :377. Type-locality: 1 km S Prise d’Eau, the Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe. Holotype: MCZ 77077. Distribution. Eastern Basse-Terre portion of Guadeloupe from SofaVa south to the vicinity of Trois Rivieres; intergrades with S. f. fantasticus in the north be- tween Pointe Noire and Anse des Amandiers northwest of Ste.-Rose and in the south between the city of Basse-Terre and Trois Rivieres; also intergrades with S. f. karukera on the isthmus between Grande-Terre and Basse-Terre (SW Baie- Mahault) and on llet Fortune. (8) Sphaerodactylus fantasticus phyzacinus Thomas Sphaerodactylus fantasticus phyzacinus Thomas, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3) :382. Type-locality: llet'a Cabrit, lies des Saintes. Holotype: MCZ 77114. Distribution, lies des Saintes: llet'a Cabrit, Terre-de-Bas, Terre-de-Haut. (9) Sphaerodactylus fantasticus tartaropylorus Thomas Sphaerodactylus fantasticus tartaropylorus Thomas, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3) :379. Type-locality: Port d'Enfer, 5.5 km N Campeche, Grande-Terre por- tion of Guadeloupe. Holotype: MCZ 77087. Distribution. The northern part of the Grande-Terre portTon of Guadeloupe, north of the Plaine de Grippon. REMARKS. A population of S. fantasticus on llet^a Kahouanne off the north coast of Basse-Terre was not subspecifically allocated by Thomas (1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3):379). 152 SPHAERODACTYLUS GAIGEAE Grant Sphaerodactylus gaigeae Grant, 1932, J. Dept. Agr. Puerto Rico 21(4):508. Type- locality: Mountains near Yabucoa, Puerto Rico. Holotype: Chapman Grant Col- lection number 3358; USNM 120712-13 from 10 km S Canovanas are catalogued as syntypes. Distribution. Known from the Sierra de Panduras between Maunabo and Yabucoa in southeastern Puerto Rico, also Cayo Santiago and Isla Pineros. Thomas and Schwartz (1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6):240-241) regarded the locality 10 km S Canovanas, nearly 50 km north of the Sierra de Panduras, as questionable. REMARKS. The range of this species remains to be clarified. SPHAERODACTYLUS GILVDORQUES Cope Sphaerodactylus gilvitorques Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:500. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: ANSP 7555. Distribution. Presumably Jamaica. REMARKS. There is no evidence to indicate that S. gilvitorques, known only from the holotype, is not Jamaican, although some uncertainty must remain until it is again taken. Barbour’s references to this species (1910, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 52(15):291 and 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):267), were actually based on observations of S. goniorhynchus. SPHAERODACTYLUS GONIORHYNCHUS Cope Sphaerodactylus goniorhynchus Cope, 1895, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46:440. Type-locality: Port Antonio, Portland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: unlocated. Distribution. Jamaica: island-wide at elevations from sea level to 4000 feet (Elardwar Gap). REMARKS. S. goniorhynchus as currently understood is probably composed of two species, one of which is coastal. SPHAERODACTYLUS INAGUAE Noble and Klingel Sphaerodactylus inaguae Noble and Klingel, 1932, Amer. Mus. Novitates (549) :11. Type-locality: Mathew Town, Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 45746. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Great Inagua I. and Sheep Cay. SPHAERODACTYLUS INTERMEDIUS Barbour and Ramsden Sphaerodactylus intermedius Barbour and Ramsden, 1919, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(2) :211. Type-locality: Sierra de Hato Nuevo between Hato Nuevo (Marti) and Sabanilla de la Palma, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 12305. Sphaerodactylus decoratus drapetiscus Schwartz, 1958, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washing- ton 71:29. Type-locality: 2 mi. E Playa de Guanabo, Cueva de Rincon de Guanabo, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 77759. Distribution. Known only from two widely separated regions in Cuba: the northern coast of Habana and Matanzas provinces (Cueva de Rincon de 153 Guanabo in the west to Hato Nuevo in the east), and extreme southeastern Oriente Province (Cabo Cruz, rTo Puerco). Thomas and Schwartz (1966, Brig- ham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. 7(4):15) noted that records of “Sphaerodactylus torrei" from Cotorro and Camoa, Habana Province, probably pertain to this species. SPHAERODACTYLUS KLAUBERI Grant Sphaerodactylus klauberi Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3):207. Type- locality: El Yunque, Bosque Experimental de Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 34473. Distribution. Puerto Rico; an inhabitant of mesic interior regions from 300 feet (near Rosario) to around 4000 feet (Reserva Eorestal de Toro Negro). SPHAERODACTYLUS LAZELU Shreve Sphaerodactylus lazelli Shreve, 1968, Breviora (280) :8. Type-locality: Cap-HaYtien, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 63218. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. SPHAERODACTYLUS LEUCASTER Schwartz Sphaerodactylus leucaster Schwartz, 1973, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 86(4) :36. Type-locality: El Iguito, 1.6 mi. (2.6 km) NE Fondo Negro, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 189234. Distribution. Known from the type-locality, 2 to 3 km NE Canoa, and 13 to 15 km ESE Canoa, Barahona Province, east to 2 km NE Monte Rio, Azua Province. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 330 feet. SPHAERODACTYLUS LEVINSI Heatwole Sphaerodactylus levinsi Heatwole, 1968, Breviora (292) :2. Type-locality: Isla Desecheo. Holotype: MCZ 100274. Distribution. Isla Desecheo. SPHAERODACTYLUS MACROLEPIS Gunther Sphaerodactylus macrolepis Gunther, 1859, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3(4):215. Type- locality: St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: BMNH 1946. 8. 30. 74-. 75. Sphaerodactylus danforthi Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3):205. Type- locality: Isla Culebra. Holotype. MCZ 34403. (1) Sphaerodactylus macrolepis macrolepis Gunther Sphaerodactylus macrolepis macrolepis: King, 1962, Bull. Florida State Mus. 7(1):16. Distribution. Islands of the eastern Puerto Rico Bank: Isla Culebra (and Isla Culebrita and Cayo Luis Pena), St. Croix (and Protestant Cay), St. Thomas (and Water I., Buck I., Great St. James I., Little St. James I., Saba I., Savana Cay, Cockroach I., Prickly Pear I., Rotto Cay, Patricia Cay, Bovoni Cay, Cas Cay), Hans Lollik I., Mingo Cay, Congo Cay, Sandy Cay, St. John, Jost Van Dyke, Tortola (and Buck I.), Beef I., Guana I., Great Camanoe I., Peter I., Virgin Gorda (including Mosquito I.), Necker I., and Anegada. 154 (2) Sphaerodactylus macrolepis ateles Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus macrolepis ateles Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6) :210. Type-locality: Balneario de Boqueron, Puerto Rico. Holo- type: MCZ 81043. Distribution. Southwestern Puerto Rico from the vicinity of Mayaguez south to Balneario de Boqueron, and eastward north of the Valle de Lajas to the vicinity of Ponce. (3) Sphaerodactylus macrolepis grandisquamis Stejneger Sphaerodactylus grandisquamis Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:602. Type-locality: Luquillo, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 27007. Sphaerodactylus macrolepis grandisquamis: Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6) ;200. Distribution. Extreme eastern Puerto Rico, from the vicinity of Rfo Piedras, ex- cept for the coastal area between San Juan and Lofza Aldea, south to near Punta Santiago; Cayo Santiago; Cayo Batata. (4) Sphaerodactylus macrolepis guarionex Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus macrolepis guarionex Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6):217. Type-locality: Officer's Club Beach, Ramey Air Force Base, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 81048. Distribution. Northwestern and north-central Puerto Rico, from Punta Higuero in the west, eastward to Gurabo, and inland into the Pepino Hills as far south as Florida. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 900 feet (7.2 km SE Quebradillas). (5) Sphaerodactylus macrolepis inigoi Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus macrolepis inigoi Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6) :220. Type-locality: Ensenada Sun Bay (=Ensenada Sombe), Isla Vieques. Holotype: MCZ 81055. Distribution. Isla Vieques and its satellites Cayo de Afuera and Cayo de Tierra. (6) Sphaerodactylus macrolepis mimetes Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus macrolepis mimetes Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6) :208. Type-locality: 12.3 km SE Patillas, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 81036. Distribution. Southern Puerto Rico from Maunabo west to the vicinity of Juana Diaz. (7) Sphaerodactylus macrolepis parvus King Sphaerodactylus macrolepis parvus King, 1962, Bull. Florida State Mus. 7(1):16. Type-locality: 2.5 mi. W, thence 0.25 mi. N Philipsburg, St. -Martin. Holotype: UF/FSM 10034.1. Distribution. Anguilla, St.-Barthelemy, St. -Martin, Tintamarre I., and Dog I. (8) Sphaerodactylus macrolepis phoberus Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus macrolepis phoberus Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6):204. Type-locality: Isla Verde (San Juan International Airport), Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 81023. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality: intergrades with S. m. grandisquamis to the east near Loiza Aldea. 155 (9) Sphaerodactylus macrolepis spanius Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus macrolepis spanius Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6):214. Type-locality: 17.7 km NE Utuado (about 8 km airline), Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 81047. Distribution. Puerto Rico: interior uplands of the Cordillera Central and the Sierra de Cayey at elevations from 1100 feet (type-locality) to 2800 feet (13.8 km N Sabana Grande). (10) Sphaerodactylus macrolepis stibarus Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus macrolepis stibarus Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6) :201. Type-locality: Isla Pineros, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 81022. Distribution. Isla Pineros off eastern Puerto Rico. SPHAERODACTYLUS MARIGUANAE Cochran Sphaerodactylus mariguanae Cochran, 1934, Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 92(7) :9. Type- locality: Booby Cay, east of Mayaguana Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: USNM 81381. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Mayaguana I. and Booby Cay; also Turks Islands: Grand Turk I. SPHAERODACTYLUS MICROLEPIS Reinhardt and Liitken Sphaerodactylus microlepis Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren K^benhavn for 1862:278. Type-locality: “St. Croix" (in error), corrected to St. Lucia by Barbour, 1921, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(3):267-268 (by implica- tion). Holotype: UZM R.34461. Sphaerodactylus melanospilos Bocourt, 1873, Miss. Sci. Mexique, Reptiles 2:44. Type-locality: St. Lucia. Syntypes: MNHN 1729. (1) Sphaerodactylus microlepis microlepis Reinhardt and Lutken Sphaerodactylus microlepis microlepis: Schwartz, 1965, Herpetologica 21(4):262. Distribution. St. Lucia. (2) Sphaerodactylus microlepis thomasi Schwartz Sphaerodactylus microlepis thomasi Schwartz, 1965, Herpetologica 21 (4): 262. Type-locality: Maria Islands, the southernmost of two, Vieux Fort Quarter, St. Lucia. Holotype: MCZ 77229. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. REMARKS. Specimens from extreme southeastern St. Lucia (Anse de Sables) are apparently intergradient between S. m. microlepis and S. m. thomasi. SPHAERODACTYLUS MONENSIS Meerwarth Sphaerodactylus macrolepis var. monensis Meerwarth, 1901, Mitt, naturhist. Mus. Hamburg 18:20. Type-locality: Isla Mona. Syntypes: Destroyed (formerly in HZM). Sphaerodactylus monensis: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:607. Distribution. Isla Mona. REMARKS. Sphaerodactylus also occurs on adjacent Isla Monito, but specimens from that islet are distinct from S. monensis. SPHAERODACTYLUS NICHOLSI Grant Sphaerodactylus nicholsi Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3):204. Type- locality: 3 mi. W Ensenada, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 34578. (1) Sphaerodactylus nicholsi nicholsi Grant Sphaerodactylus nicholsi nicholsi: Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6) :243. Distribution. Puerto Rico; from Playa Mar Chiquita east of Arecibo west and south along the coast, then east to Juana Diaz in south-central Puerto Rico. The range is discontinuous, apparently because of interruption of habitat. (2) Sphaerodactylus nicholsi townsendi Grant Sphaerodactylus townsendi Grant, 1931, j. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3):208. Type-locality: Northeast corner of Cabezas de San Juan, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 34613. Sphaerodactylus nicholsi townsendi: Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Bull. Florida State Mus. 10(6):245. Distribution. From Cabezas de San Juan at the northeastern extreme of Puerto Rico south along the east coast, then west along the south coast to just east of Ponce; the range is probably not continuous because of interruption of habitat. Also found on Isla Caja de Muertos off the south coast of Puerto Rico and on Cayo Icacos, Cayo Lobos, and Isla Pineros off eastern Puerto Rico; also Isla Vieques including Cayo de Tierra and Cayo de Afuera; presence on Isla Culebra questionable. REMARKS. Whether nicholsi and townsendi overlap or intergrade in south- central Puerto Rico (south of Juana Diaz) is not firmly established. SPHAERODACTYLUS NrCROPUNCTATUS Gray Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus Gray, 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus.: 168. Type- locality: South America.”; restricted by Thomas and Schwartz, 1974, J. Herp. 8(4):356, to Nassau, New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.24.81. (1) Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus nigropunctatus Gray Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus nigropunctatus: Thomas and Schwartz, 1974, J. Herp. 8(4):356. Sphaerodactylus decoratus atessares Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. 7(4):8. Type-locality: 4 mi. N, 2.3 mi. E Rock Sound, Eleuthera Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 81100. Distribution. Bahama Is.; New Providence I., Rose I., Eleuthera I. (except for extreme southern part). (2) Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus decoratus Carman Sphaerodactylus decoratus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 20:111. Type-local- ity: Rum Cay, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 6220. Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus decoratus: Thomas and Schwartz, 1974, J. Herp. 8(4);356. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Rum Cay. (3) Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus flavicauda Barbour Sphaerodactylus flavicaudus Barbour, 1904, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 46(3) :56. Type-locality: Mangrove Cay, Andros Island, Bahamas Islands. Syntypes: MCZ 6953, MCZ 13564, MCZ 84385-95, UMMZ 107614. Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus flavicauda: Thomas and Schwartz, 1974, J. Herp. 8(4);357. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Andros I., Bimini Is. (South Bimini), Berry Is. (Chub Cay, Frazer’s Hog Cay, Great Harbour Cay), Cay Sal Bank (Elbow Cay). (4) Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus gibbus Barbour, new combination Sphaerodactylus gibbus Barbour, 1921, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(3):228. Type- locality: Stocky(Stocking?) Island, Exuma Cays, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 13436. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Exuma Cays (Warderick Wells Cay, Compass Cay, Sampson Cay, Staniel Cay, Great Guana Cay, Big Farmers Cay, Cave Cay, Darby I., Jewfish Cay, Great Exuma I., Stocking I., Little Exuma I.); Green Cay; Long I.; intergrades between S. n. nigropunctatus and S. n. gibbus occur on the northernmost Exuma Cays (Leaf Cay, Little Norman’s Cay). (5) Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus granti Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus decoratus granti Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. 7(4):10. Type-locality: Banes, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: BYU 17233. Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus granti: Thomas and Schwartz, 1974, J. Herp. 8(4):357. Distribution. Cuba: from extreme northeastern Camaguey Province (vicinity of Playa Santa Lucra) diagonally southeastward across Oriente Province (Las Caiabazas, Holgum; Marcane; type-locality); intergradation between S. n. granti and S. n. strategus apparently occurs north of the Bahia de Guantanamo (vicinity of Guantanamo). (6) Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus lissodesmus Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus decoratus lissodesmus Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. 7(4):12. Type-locality: Sierra de Cubitas near Banao, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 57344. Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus lissodesmus: Thomas and Schwartz, 1974, J. Herp. 8(4):357. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (7) Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus porrasi Schwartz Sphaerodactylus decoratus porrasi Schwartz, 1972, Herpetologica 28(3) :248. Type-locality: Duncan Town, Great Ragged Island, Ragged Islands, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 54051. Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus porrasi: Thomas and Schwartz, 1974, J. Herp. 8(4):357. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Ragged Is. (Little Ragged I., Great Ragged I.). (8) Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus strategus Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus decoratus strategus Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. 7(4):13. Type-locality: East side of Bahia de Guantanamo, United States Naval Base, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 81110. Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus strategus: Thomas and Schwartz, 1974, J. Herp. 8(4):357. Distribution. Known only from the area within the United States Naval Base, but possibly also occurring at Caimanera on the west side of the Bahia de Guantanamo. 158 REMARKS. S. nigropunctatus has been reported from the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo Frances, Cayo Santa Marfa, Cayo Caiman del Faro, Cayo Las Brujas) off the northern Cuban coast but the population remains un- assigned subspecifically. The subspecific status of Cat Island S. nigropunctatus and that of southern Eleuthera Island in the Bahama Islands are left in abey- ance. The relationships, both ecological and geographic, between S. nigropunctatus and S. alayoi remain a major problem in the herpetology of eastern Cuba. The range ascribed to S. n. decoratus by Thomas and Schwartz (1974, J. Herp. 8(4):356) is incorrect; the ranges of the subspecies decoratus and gibbus as given above are those accepted for these two subspecies. SPHAERODACTYLUS NOTATUS Baird Sphaeriodactylus notatus Baird, 1858, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 11:254. Type-locality: Key West, Monroe County, Florida. Holotype: USNM 3215. (1) Sphaerodactylus notatus amaurus Schwartz Sphaerodactylus notatus amaurus Schwartz, 1966, Rev. Biol. Trop. 13(2):171. Type-locality: Alicetown, Eleuthera Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 77162. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Bimini Is. (South Bimini), Andros I., New Providence I., Eleuthera I., Long I., Cat I., Exuma Cays (Compass Cay, Pipe Cay, Staniel Cay, Jewfish Cay, Great Exuma I., Little Exuma I.), Green Cay, Berry Is. (Chub Cay, Frazer's Hog Cay, Great Harbour Cay), Ragged Is. (Little Ragged I., Maycock Cay, Great Ragged I.). (2) Sphaerodactylus notatus atactus Schwartz Sphaerodactylus notatus atactus Schwartz, 1966, Rev. Biol. Trop. 13(2):166. Type-locality: 7 mi. W Aserradero, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 92820. Distribution. Islandwide on Cuba and Isla de Pinos; Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Avalos, Cayo Cantiles); Cayos de San Felipe (Cayo Real); also other small off-shore cays and islets; most common in Oriente Province and generally rare in Pinar del Rfo and Habana provinces; apparently introduced on Northeast Cay, Morant Cays, and on Great Inagua I., Bahama Is. (3) Sphaerodactylus notatus exsul Barbour Sphaerodactylus exsul Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :261. Type- locality: Little Swan Island. Holotype: MCZ 7894. Sphaerodactylus notatus exsul: Schwartz, 1966, Rev. Biol. Trop. 13(2):170. Distribution. Little Swan I. (4) Sphaerodactylus notatus peltastes Schwartz Sphaerodactylus notatus peltastes Schwartz, 1966, Rev. Biol. Trop. 13(2):173. Type-locality: Hopetown, Elbow Cay, off Great Abaco Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 74752. Distribution. Bahama Islands: Grand Bahama I. (including Stranger's Cay and Water Cay), Little Abaco I., Great Abaco I. (including Elbow Cay and Pensacola Cays), Mores I. REMARKS. The taxonomic status of populations of S. notatus on the Isla de Pinos and the Archipielago de los Canarreos is unsettled; likewise, some populations assigned to S. n. peltastes may be nameworthy. The nominate sub- species occurs in southern Florida and on the Florida Keys. S. notatus has also been recorded from the Pedro Cays, but specimens have not been assigned subspecifically. 159 SPHAERODACTYLUS OLIVERI Grant Sphaerodactylus oliveri Grant, 1944, Herpetologica 2(6):118. Type-locality: Rancho Gavilan, near Cienfuegos, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: UMMZ 93310 or CAS-SU 14683. (1) Sphaerodactylus oliveri oliveri Grant Sphaerodactylus oliveri oliveri: Schwartz, 1961, Herpetologica 17(1):25. Distribution. Cuba: southern Las Villas Province, from Cienfuegos to Trinidad, and between Trinidad and Topes de Collantes on southern slopes of the Sierra de Trinidad. (2) Sphaerodactylus oliveri storeyae Grant Sphaerodactylus storeyae Grant, 1944, Herpetologica 2(6):125. Type-locality: Isla de Pinos?; restricted by Schwartz, 1961, Herpetologica 17(1):25, to Punta del Este, Isla de Pinos, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: CAS-SU 9296. Sphaerodactylus oliveri storeyae: Schwartz, 1961, Herpetologica 17(1) :25. Distribution. Isla de Pinos. REMARKS. There is an unresolved confusion concerning the holotype of S. oliveri. Peters (1952, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan 539:39) gave UMMZ 93310 as the holotype but the locality data for this specimen do not agree with those given by Grant. The data given by Leviton (1953, Herpetolo- gica 8(4):126) however, do agree with those given by Grant. There is no assur- ance that the CAS-SU specimen, which we have not examined, is the holotype. SPHAERODACTYLUS OXYRHINUS Gosse Sphaerodactylus oxyrhinus Gosse, 1850, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 2(6):347. Type-local- ity: St. Elizabeth’s (=St. Elizabeth Parish), Jamaica. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.30.76. (1) Sphaerodactylus oxyrhinus oxyrhinus Gosse Sphaerodactylus oxyrhinus oxyrhinus: Thomas, 1975, Herpetologica 31(2):187. Distribution. Jamaica: aside from the imprecise type-locality, this subspecies is known from a scattering of western inland localities in Hanover, Westmoreland, St. James and extreme western Trelawny parishes. Altitudinal distribution from about 400 feet (11.2 km NE Maroon Town) to 1500 feet (0.5 km SE Jericho). (2) Sphaerodactylus oxyrhinus dacnicolor Barbour Sphaerodactylus dacnicolor Barbour, 1910, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 52(15):292. Type-locality: Port Antonio, Portland Parish, Jamaica. Syntypes: MCZ 7276. Sphaerodactylus oxyrhinus dacnicolor: Thomas, 1975, Herpetologica 31(2):187. Distribution. Extreme northeastern Jamaica: primarily coastal localities from Port Antonio east and south to the vicinity of Hectors River; inland, one locality near Ecclesdown. SPHAERODACTYLUS PARKERl Grant Sphaerodactylus parkeri Grant, 1939, Copeia (1):8. Type-locality: Alligator Pond, Manchester Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 45005. Distribution. Jamaica; the xeric southern littoral from Alligator Pond in the west to White Horses, St. Thomas Parish, in the east. SPHAERODACTYLUS PARTHENOPION Thomas Sphaerodactylus parthenopion Thomas, 1965, Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 28(1):117. Type-locality: Hillside above Pond Bay, Virgin Gorda, British Virgin Islands. Holotype: MCZ 77211. Distribution. British Virgin Is.: Virgin Gorda. SPHAERODACTYLUS RAMSDENI Ruibal Sphaerodactylus ramsdeni Ruibal, 1959, Herpetologica 15(2):89. Type-locality: Monte Libano, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 8536. Distribution. Cuba; uplands of southern Oriente Province, in the Sierra de la Gran Piedra and the Sierra del Guaso (type-locality; Los Hondones). SPHAERODACTYLUS RHABDOTUS Schwartz Sphaerodactylus rhabdotus Schwartz, 1970, J. Herp. 4(1/2) :64. Type-locality: 5 km SE La Florida, 500 feet (153 meters), Independencia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 166960. Distribution. Known from the type-locality and 6 km ESE Las Lajas, Independencia Province. Altitudinal distribution 225 feet to 500 feet. SPHAERODACTYLUS RICHARDSONI Gray Sphaerodactylus richardsoni Gray, 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. :168. Type-locality: "America,” restricted to Montego Bay, St. James Parish, Jamaica, by Grant, 1939, Copeia (1):7. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.26.51. (1) Sphaerodactylus richardsoni richardsoni Gray Sphaerodactylus richardsoni richardsoni: Grant, 1939, Copeia (1):12. Distribution. Known with certainty only from the vicinity of Montego Bay (see REMARKS). (2) Sphaerodactylus richardsoni gossei Grant Sphaerodactylus richardsoni gossei Grant, 1939, Copeia (1):10. Type-locality: Mouth of Roaring River, St. Ann Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 45015. Distribution. Known with certainty only from the north coastal region of Jamaica between the mouth of the Roaring River, St. Ann Parish, and Port Maria, St. Mary Parish. REMARKS. The main distinction between S. r. richardsoni and S. r. gossei is the presence of unicolor males in the nominate subspecies versus essentially fe- male-colored males in S. r. gossei. Eemale specimens of the species have been taken outside the known ranges of the subspecies (east of Sign, St. James Parish, near Discovery Bay in western St. Ann Parish) but cannot at present be subspecifically identified. SPHAERODACTYLUS ROOSEVELTI Grant Sphaerodactylus roosevelti Grant, 1931, J. Dept. Agr. Porto Rico 15(3):203. Type- locality: Near Parguera, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 34609. 161 Distribution. Puerto Rico: the southwestern coast from Cabo Rojo east to Punta Ventana southeast of Guanica and Isla Caja de Muertos; probably occurs on Isla Vieques. SPHAERODACTYLUS RUIBALI Grant Sphaerodactylus ruibali Grant, 1959, Herpetologica 15(1) :53. Type-locality: U.S. Naval Base, Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: UIMNH 44246. Distribution. Known only from immediately west of the Bahia de Guantanamo, east to Loma de Macambo between San Antonio del Sur and Imias, in xeric coastal situations. SPHAERODACTYLUS SABANUS Cochran Sphaerodactylus sabanus Cochran, 1938, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 51:148. Type- locality: Saba. Holotype: USNM 103985. Distribution. Saba, St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, and Nevis. SPHAERODACTYLUS SAMANENSIS Cochran Sphaerodactylus samanensis Cochran, 1932, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 45:183. Type-locality: Boca del Infierno, Bahia de Samana, El Seibo Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 74970. Distribution. Northeastern Republica Dominicana, in region of the type-local- ity (Bahia de San Lorenzo) on the south side of the Bahfa de Samana, and the Peninsula de Samana (7 and 10 km E Las Terrenas; 5 km ENE Sanchez; 2.9 mi. and 6.5 km S Las Galeras). SPHAERODACTYLUS SAVAGEI Shreve, new combination Sphaerodactylus notatus savagei Shreve, 1968, Breviora (280) :7. Type-locality: La Romana, La Romana Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: CAS-SU 14695. (1) Sphaerodactylus savagei savagei Shreve, new combination Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from La Romana in the west, east to the east side of the Rio Chavon, in La Romana and La Altagracia provinces. (2) Sphaerodactylus savagei juanilloensis Shreve, new combination Sphaerodactylus notatus Juanilloensis Shreve, 1968, Breviora (280) :8. Type- locality: juanillo. La Altagracia Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 73901. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; from El Macao in the north, south to the Boca de Yuma-San Rafael del Yuma region; Isla Saona. REMARKS. Although Shreve considered savagei and juanilloensis as sub- species of S. notatus (sensu Shreve, 1968), S. savagei occurs sympatrically with S. difficilis in the region of the type-locality of the former. The two species are different in many details, both of scutellation and pattern, and we consider S. savagei distinct from S. difficilis. S. savagei also occurs near Sabana Grande de Palenque, San Cristobal Province, Repi^blica Dominicana, and on Isla Catalinita, but the subspecific status of these populations is uncertain. 162 SPHAERODACTYLUS SCABER Barbour and Ramsden Sphaerodactylus scaber Barbour and Ramsden, 1919, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(2);126. Type-locality: Sierra de San Juan de los Perros, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 12304. Distribution. Cuba: Las Villas and Camaguey provinces, from Sitiecito, Sagua la Grande, in northern Las Villas Province in the west, to near jicotea in west- ern Camaguey Province; the Sierra de Najasa in southeastern Camaguey Prov- ince; Archipielago de Sabana-CamagCiey (Cayo Conuco); occurs in both low- land and upland forested situations and expected in the Sierra de Cubitas, but as yet uncollected there. SPHAERODACTYLUS SEMASIOPS Thomas Sphaerodactylus semasiops Thomas, 1975, Herpetologica 31(2):183. Type-locality: 3.8 mi. (6.1 km) N Burnt Hill, Trelawny Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 132348. Distribution. Jamaica: known principally from the Cockpit Country (eastern and southern Trelawny Parish, northern St. Elizabeth and Manchester parishes). Altitudinal distribution from 1100 feet (7.1 km NW Raheen, St. Elizabeth Parish) to 1800 feet (0.6 km N Burnt Hill, Trelawny Parish). SPHAERODACTYLUS SHREVEI Lazell Sphaerodactylus shrevei Lazell, 1961, Breviora (139):1, Type-locality: Mole St. Nicholas, Departement du Nord Quest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 62548 (now misplaced). Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. SPHAERODACTYLUS SPUTATOR Sparrman Lacerta sputator Sparrman, 1784, K. Svensk. vet.-akad. Handl. 5:161. Type-locality: St. Eustatius. Lectotype: SMNH 2669, designated by King, 1962, Bull. Florida State Mus. 7(1):11. Sphaerodactylus pictus Carman, 1888, Bull. Essex Inst. 19:20. Type-locality: St. Christopher. Syntypes: MCZ 6071. Sphaerodactylus sputator: Andersson, 1900, Bih. K. Svensk. vet.-akad. Handl. 26(4) 1:27. Distribution. Sombrero I., Dog I., Anguilla, St. -Martin, St.-Barthelemy, lie Fourchue, St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, and Nevis. SPHAERODACTYLUS STEjNEGERI Cochran Sphaerodactylus stejnegeri Cochran, 1931, Copeia (3):90. Type-locality: San Michel, Departement du Nord, Haiti; emended by Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. 7(4):19, to St. Michel de PAtalaye, Departement de PArtibonite, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 76640. Distribution. Haiti; from the type-locality and St. Marc, south to the Cul de Sac Plain; unknown from the Republica Dominicana. SPHAERODACTYLUS TORREI Barbour Sphaerodactylus torrei Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :260. Type- locality: Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 6916. 163 (1) Sphaerodactylus torrei torrei Barbour Sphaerodactylus torrei torrei: Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. 7(4):16. Distribution. Cuba; southern coast of Oriente Province, from the vicinity of the type-locality east to Playa Juragua. (2) Sphaerodactylus torrei ocujal Thomas and Schwartz Sphaerodactylus torrei ocujal Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. 7(4):16. Type-locality: Ocujal, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: USNM 138015. Distribution. Cuba; southern coast of Oriente Province, from Cabo Cruz to Guama, and probably east to the area southeast of the city of Santiago de Cuba. (3) Sphaerodactylus torrei spielmani Grant Sphaerodactylus spielmani Grant, 1958, Herpetologica 14(4) ;225. Type-locality: Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba; emended by Thomas, 1968, Herpetolo- gica 24(1):59, to: east side of Rio Hatibonico, about one-quarter mile inland, approximately 10 miles west of the western side of the mouth of the Bahia de Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: UIMNH 44105. Sphaerodactylus torrei spielmani: Thomas and Schwartz, 1966, Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull. 7(4):18. Distribution. Known only from the emended type-locality. SPHAERODACTYLUS UNDERWOODr Schwartz Sphaerodactylus underwoodi Schwartz, 1968, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(17) :250. Type- locality: Cockburn Town, Grand Turk Island, Turks Islands. Holotype: CM 40637. Distribution. Turks Is.: Grand Turk I., Long Cay, Pear Cay, East Cay, Salt Cay, Big Sand Cay. SPHAERODACTYLUS VINCENTi Boulenger Sphaerodactylus vincenti Boulenger, 1891, Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 354. Type- locality: St. Vincent. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.8.26. 38-.48. (1) Sphaerodactylus vincenti vincenti Boulenger Sphaerodactylus vincenti vincenti: King, 1962, Bull. Florida State Mus. 7(1):33. Distribution. St. Vincent. (2) Sphaerodactylus vincenti adamas Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3):397. Type-locality: Rocher de Diamant, Martinique. Holotype: MCZ 77130. Distribution. Rocher de Diamant off the southern tip of Martinique. (3) Sphaerodactylus vincenti diamesus Schwartz Sphaerodactylus vincenti diamesus Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3) :404. Type-locality: Vigie Beach, Castries Quarter, St. Lucia. Holotype: MCZ 77075. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (4) Sphaerodactylus vincenti festus Barbour Sphaerodactylus festus Barbour, 1915, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 28:73. Type-locality: Martinique; restricted to Fort-de-France, Martinique, by Barbour, 164 1921, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(3);242. Holotype: MCZ 10622. Sphaerodactylus vincenti festus: King, 1962, Bull. Florida State Mus. 7(1):30. Distribution. Martinique; known from a restricted area of the leeward coast (Fort-de-France to 1 km NW Schoelcher) and inland to the vicinity of Didier and St. Joseph. (5) Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae Schwartz Sphaerodactylus vincenti josephinae Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3):395. Type-locality: Habitation Dizac, 1.5 km W Le Diamant, Martinique. Holotype: MCZ 77057. Distribution. The southwestern peninsula of Martinique. (6) Sphaerodactylus vincenti monilifer Barbour Sphaerodactylus monilifer Barbour, 1921, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(3) :271. Type-locality: Dominica. Holotype: MCZ 10786. Sphaerodactylus vincenti monilifer: Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3):405. Distribution. Dominica. (7) Sphaerodactylus vincenti pheristus Schwartz Sphaerodactylus vincenti pheristus Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3);401. Type-locality: 6 km SW Ajoupa-Bouillon, 1600 feet, Martinique. Holotype: MCZ 77074. Distribution. The northeastern interior of Martinique, from northeast of Le Morne Rouge to 6 km SW Ajoupa-Bouillon; intergrades with S. v. ronaldi on the northeast coast of Martinique. (8) Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius Schwartz Sphaerodactylus vincenti psammius Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3) :398. Type-locality: 5 km S Ste.-Anne, Grande Anse des Salines, Martinique. Holotype: MCZ 77064. Distribution. The extreme southeastern part of Martinique, from the vicinity of Ste.-Luce to the type-locality. (9) Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi Schwartz Sphaerodactylus vincenti ronaldi Schwartz, 1965, Caribbean j. Sci. 4(2/3) :399. Type-locality: 3 km NE Tartane, Martinique. Holotype: MCZ 77089. Distribution. The eastern coast of Martinique, from Habitation Marlet north to the Presqu'tle de la Caravelle; intergrades with S. v. pheristus are known from as far south as 5 km SE Basse-Pointe. REMARKS. A specimen of S. vincenti (AMNH 100453) from Balata-Tourtet on the southern slopes of the Pitons du Carbet, Martinique, seems to be inter- mediate between the subspecies pheristus and festus, although it is much closer in scutellation to the former and resembles the latter in pattern details. The two taxa may intergrade in this area, which was shown by Schwartz (op. cit.) to be occupied by S. v. festus. On the other hand, it is possible that Martinique has two distinct species of Sphaerodactylus, one of which is non-ocellate (vincenti, including josephinae, adamas, psammius, and diamesus) and the other ocellate (festus, including pheristus, ronaldi, and monilifer). 165 TARENTOLA AMERICANA Gray Platydactylus americanus Gray, 1831, in Griffith, Cuvier's Animal Kingdom 9:48. Type-locality: New York; restricted to vicinity of Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province, Cuba, by Schwartz, 1968, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 81:129. Holo- type: presumably MNHN 6700. Platydactylus Milbertii Dumeril and Bibron, 1836, Erp. Gen. 3:325. Substitute name for P. americanus Gray. Platydactylus (Tarentola) americanus var. cubanus Gundlach and Peters, 1864, Monats. Akad. wiss. Berlin:384. Type-locality: Cuba; restricted to Cabo Cruz, Oriente Province, Cuba, by Schwartz, 1968, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 81:128. Holotype: ZMB 5107. (1) Tarentola americana americana Gray Tarentola americana americana: Schwartz, 1968, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 81:129. Distribution. Cuba, Isla de Pinos, Jardines de la Reina (Cayo Levisa, Cayo Cabeza del Este), Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo Frances). (2) Tarentola americana warreni Schwartz Tarentola americana warreni Schwartz, 1968, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 81:134. Type-locality: Gray’s Settlement, Long Island, Bahama Islands. Holo- type: USNM 160725. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Eleuthera I., Andros I., Exuma Cays (U Cay or South West Allan’s Cay, Leaf Cay, Warderick Wells Cay), Long I., Ragged Is. (Great Ragged I., Little Ragged I.). THECADACTYLUS RAPICAUDA Houttuyn Gekko rapicauda Houttuyn, 1782, Verb. Genootsch. wet. Vlissing. 9:323. Type- locality: “American Islands;” restricted to Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico, by Smith and Taylor, 1950, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. (199):49, and to Paramaribo, Suriname, by Hoogmoed, 1973, Biogeographica (4):57. Holotype: unlocated, probably lost. Stellio perfoliatus Schneider, 1793, Amph. Physiol. 2:26 (substitute name for Gekko rapicauda Houttuyn). Gecko levis Daudin, 1802, Hist. Nat. Kept. 4:112. Type-locality: South America. Holotype: unlocated. Gecko surinamensis Daudin, 1802, Hist. Nat. Rept. 4:126. Type-locality: Suriname. Holotype: unlocated. Platydactylus tbeconyx Dumeril and Bibron, 1836, Erp. Gen. 3:306 (substitute name for Gecko rapicauda Houttuyn). Thecadactylus rapicaudus: Gray, 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. :146. Distribution. St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, Necker I., British Virgin Islands, Saba, St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, Nevis, Barbuda, Antigua, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Les lies des Saintes (Terre-de-Bas), Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, the Grenadines (Bequia 1., Green I.), and Grenada; also Tobago, Trinidad, and throughout much of tropical South America, north into Mexico. REMARKS. Th. rapicauda was reported from St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, by Schmidt (1928, Sci. Surv. Porto Rico and Virgin Is., 10(1):152) but this report has not been substantiated subsequently, and Grant (1937, J. Agr. Univ. Puerto Rico 21(4):514) suggested that the species be dropped from the St. Thomas list. WETMORENA HAETIANA Cochran Wetmorena haetiana Cochran, 1927, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 40:91. Type-local- ity: Mont Cabaio, Massif de la Selle, Departement de TOuest, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 72600. (1) Wetmorena haetiana haetiana Cochran Wetmorena haetiana haetiana: Schwartz, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:41. Distribution. Hispaniola; in Haiti in the vicinity of the type-locality and Pic la Selle, and on the Montagne Noire at Furcy and Morne Bourette. Altitudinal distribution from 5000 feet to 8820 feet. (2) Wetmorena haetiana mylica Schwartz Wetmorena haetiana mylica Schwartz, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:45. Type-locality: 24 km SW Barahona, 3700 feet, Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77049. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; the eastern portion of the Sierra de Baoruco (type-locality. Polo, Las Auyamas). Altitudinal distribution from 2600 feet to 3700 feet. (3) Wetmorena haetiana surda Schwartz Wetmorena haetiana surda Schwartz, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:41. Type-locality: Foret des Pins, Departement de TOuest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 77040. Distribution. Haiti; known from the type-locality and Oriani; in the Republica Dominicana from between Los Arroyos and El Aguacate (6 km NE to 25 KM NE Los Arroyos). Altitudinal distribution from 4800 feet to ca. 8000 feet. AMPHISBAENIA AMPHISBAENA BAKERI Stejneger Amphisbaena bakeri Stejneger, 1904, Ann. Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:681. Type-locality: Lares, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 25541. Distribution. Known only from western Puerto Rico in a roughly triangular area formed by Mayaguez, Mora, and Lares at elevations from 800 feet (7.0 km S Mora) to 2000 feet (16.8 km N Sabana Grande). AMPHISBAENA CAECA Cuvier Amphisbaena caeca Cuvier, 1829, Regne Anim., ed. 2, 2:73. Type-locality: Martinique (in error); corrected to Puerto Rico by Stejneger, 1904, Ann. Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:675. Lectotype: MNHN 550, designated by Cans and Alexander, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 128(3):123. Distribution. Throughout Puerto Rico with the apparent exception of the ex- tremely xeric southwestern coastal region from Cabo Rojo to the vicinity of Guanica. AMPHISBAENA CAUDALIS Cochran Amphisbaena caudalis Cochran, 1928, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41:58. Type-local- ity: lie Grande Cayemite, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 25550. 167 Distribution. Haiti: He Grande Cayemite and adjacent Presqu'tle de Baraderes. REMARKS. Cans and Alexander (1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 128(3):110) con- sidered caudalis a subspecies of A. innocens, however, these forms have since been taken sympatrically on lie Grande Cayemite. AMPHISBAENA CUBANA Gundlach and Peters Amphisbaena cubana Gundlach and Peters, 1878, Monats. Akad. wiss. Berlin:780. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 9383. (1) Amphisbaena cubana cubana Gundlach and Peters Amphisbaena cubana cubana: Gans and Alexander, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 128(3):97. Distribution. Central and eastern Cuba from Cienfuegos to Oriente Province; Isla de Pinos. (2) Amphisbaena cubana barbouri Gans and Alexander Amphisbaena cubana barbouri Gans and Alexander, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 128(3):97. Type-locality: Caleta Rosario on the east shore of the Ensenada de Cochinos, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 12136. Distribution. Western Cuba from Cienfuegos to La Habana. REMARKS. Gans and Alexander (1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 128(3):96) noted the existence of a specimen of A. c. cubana questionably from La Habana, and of specimens of both cubana and barbouri with the locality datum of Soledad. Although the possibility of sympatry of these two forms could not be ruled out, Gans and Alexander thought that imprecision of locality data was the most likely explanation. AMPHISBAENA FENESTRATA Cope Diphalus fenestratus Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:76. Type- locality: ''St. Thomas and Santa Cruz”; restricted to St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands, by Gans and Alexander, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 128(3),:131. Holotype: USNM 11715. Amphisbaena antillensis Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren. K^benhavn for 1862:224. Type-locality: "St. Thomas og St. jan”; re- stricted to St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands, by Gans and Alexander, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 128(3) :131. Lectotype: UZM R. 449, designated by Gans and Alexander (loc. cit.). Amphisbaena fenestrata: Strauch, 1881, Mel. Biol. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg 11:415. Distribution. The Virgin Is.: St. Thomas (and Great St. James I.), St. John, Tortola, Great Camanoe I., and Virgin Gorda. AMPHISBAENA GONAVENSIS Gans and Alexander Amphisbaena innocens gonavensis Gans and Alexander, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 128(3):111. Type-locality: Pointe-a-Raquette, He de la Gonave. Holotype: YPM 3384. Amphisbaena gonavensis: Thomas, 1965, Breviora (215):1. (1) Amphisbaena gonavensis gonavensis Gans and Alexander Amphisbaena gonavensis gonavensis: Thomas, 1965, Breviora (215):2. Distribution, lie de la Gonave, lie Petite Gonave. (2) Amphisbaena gonavensis hyporissor Thomas Amphisbaena gonavensis hyporissor Thomas, 1965, Breviora (215) :5. Type- locality: 13.1 mi. (20.9 km) SW Enriquillo, Pedernales Province, Repi^blica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77149. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; known from a restricted area of the eastern Peninsula de Barahona lowlands between the type-locality and Oviedo Viejo and west as far as 5 km NW Tres Charcos. (3) Amphisbaena gonavensis leberi Thomas Amphisbaena gonavensis leberi Thomas, 1965, Breviora (215) :7. Type-locality: 5 km N Pedernales, Pedernales Province, Repdblica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77128. Distribution. Republica Dominicana; known from the northwestern portion of the Peninsula de Barahona lowlands; north to 11 km N of Pedernales, south to 5 km SE Pedernales, and west to 18 km N Cabo Rojo; Isla Beata. AMPHISBAENA INNOCENS Weinland Amphisbaena innocens Weinland, 1862, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. 4(2):137. Type-locality: jeremie (“in einem Schlage von Campeche-Elolz in der Nahe des Hafen-Sta*dtchens jeremie"), Departement du Sud, Haiti. Lectotype: MCZ 3624, selected by Cans and Alexander, 1962, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 128(3):107. Distribution. Hispaniola; the south island from the vicinity of jeremie east to the western Sierra de Baoruco (9 km SE Puerto Escondido), north into the Cul de Sac Plain (Manneville) and the Montagnes du Trou-d'Eau (Fond Michelle) on the southern part of the north island; He Grande Cayemite. REMARKS. Schmidt (1928, Sci. Surv. Porto Rico and Virgin Is. 10(1);29) inad- vertently created a nomen nudum by the use of Amphisbaena weinlandi for A. innocens Weinland. AMPHISBAENA MANNI Barbour Amphisbaena manni Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2);318. Type-local- ity: Cap-Haitien, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 8645. Distribution. Hispaniola; widespread but absent in the Penmsula de Barahona lowlands and on the Tiburon Peninsula of Haiti. Records exist for the eastern Sierra de Baoruco (8 km NE Las Auyamas and other localities), but the western extent of the species in this range is unknown. The southernmost localities are Port-au-Prince, Haiti, and about 4 km NW Naranjal, Barahona Province, Re- publica Dominicana. Also known from He de la Tortue. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (many localities) to around 4000 feet (Constanza). AMPHISBAENA SCHMIDTI Cans Amphisbaena schmidti Cans, 1964, Breviora (198) ;3. Type-locality: orilla (cuneta) Carretera CalTo (P. R. road 113), Municipio de Isabela, Puerto Rico (=about 6 km SE Isabela); corrected by Thomas, 1966, Breviora (249);14. Holotype: MCZ 73115. Distribution. Puerto Rico; apparently confined to the northwestern limestone region; known from the vicinity of Dorado west to the vicinity of Aguadilla and south to the vicinity of Utuado. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 1200 feet (8 km NE Lares). 169 AMPHISBAENA XERA Thomas Amphisbaena xera Thomas, 1966, Breviora (249) :7. Type-locality: 7 km E Guanica, 600 feet elevation, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 81019. Distribution. Southwestern Puerto Rico; east to 16 km E Juana Diaz, north to Mayaguez and 3 km NE San German; Isla Caja de Muertos. CADEA BLANOIDES Stejneger Amphisbaena punctata Bell, 1827, Zool. j. (London) 3(10) :236. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.2.20. Cadea blanoides Stejneger, 1916, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 29:85 (substitute name for Amphisbaena punctata Bell, which is a junior homonym of Amphis- baena punctata Wied, ']825=Leposternon microcephalum Wagler, 1824). Distribution. Cuba; from the city of Matanzas west to Pinar del Rio Province (Cueva de Santo Tomas, 10 km N Cabezas) and the Isla de Pinos; a question- able record from Holguin, Oriente Province. CADEA PALIROSTRATA Dickerson Cadea palirostrata Dickerson, 1916, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 35(4) ;659. Type- locality: San Pedro, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: AMNH 2717. Distribution. Known only from the Isla de Pinos. SERPENTES ALSOPHIS ANOMALUS Peters Zamenis anomalus Peters, 1863, Monatsb. Akad. wiss. Berlin:282. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: ZMB 2269. Alsophis anomalus: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):336. Distribution. Hispaniola: apparently widespread in both Haiti (jean Rabel, Port-au-Prince, mountains above jacmel) and the Republica Dominicana (Lago Enriquillo, Monte Cristi, Rojo Cabo on the Peninsula de Samana) although un- accountably rare; lie de la Tortue, where apparently fairly common; Isla Beata. ALSOPHIS ANTILLENSIS Schlegel Psammophis antillensis Schlegel, 1837, Essai sur la Physionomie des Serpents 1:251. Type-locality: Antilles; restricted to Guadeloupe by Brongersma, 1937, Zool. Med. 20:1-5. Syntypes: MNHN 3547-3548. Dromicus leucomelas Dumeril and Bibron, 1844, Erp. Gen. 7:666. Syntypes: MNHN 3554 (?), MNHN 3555-3556. Alsophis antillensis: Brongersma, 1937, Zool. Med. 20:5. (1) Alsophis antillensis antillensis Schlegel Alsophis antillensis antillensis: Brongersma, 1937, Zool. Med. 20:5. Distribution. Guadeloupe and Marie-Galante. (2) Alsophis antillensis antiguae Parker Alsophis leucomelas antiguae Parker, 1933, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10(11):158. Type-locality: Antigua. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.1. 4. 46-.47. 170 Alsophis antillensis antiguae: Schwartz, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Carib- bean Is. 23(90):216. Distribution. Antigua and its satellite. Great Bird I. (3) Alsophis antillensis danforthi Cochran Alsophis leucomelas danforthi Cochran, 1938, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 51:153. Type-locality: Terre-de-Bas, lies des Saintes. Holotype: USNM 104237. Alsophis antillensis danforthi: Lazell, 1967, Salamandra 3:94. Distribution. Terre-de-Bas, lies des Saintes. (4) Alsophis antillensis manselli Parker Alsophis leucomelas manselli Parker, 1933, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10(11):157. Type-locality: Montserrat. Syntypes: BMNH 1 946.1. 4.S7-.62, BMNH 1946.1.6.71- .75, BMNH 1946.1.4.53, BMNH 1946.1.4.95. Alsophis antillensis manselli: Schwartz, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Carib- bean is. 23(90):216. Distribution. Montserrat. (5) Alsophis antillensis sanctonum Barbour Alsophis sanctonum Barbour, 1915> Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 28:78. Type- locality: Terre-de-Haut, lies des Saintes. Holotype: MCZ 10689. Alsophis antillensis sanctonum: Lazell, 1967, Salamandra 3:94. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (6) Alsophis antillensis sibonius Cope Alsophis sibonius Cope, 1879, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 18:275. Type-locality: Dominica. Holotype: USNM 10138. Alsophis antillensis sibonius: Schwartz, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Carib- bean Is. 23(90) :217. Distribution. Dominica. ALSOPHIS ATER Gosse Matrix atra Gosse, 1851, Naturalist's Sojourn in )amaica:22Q. Type-locality: Jamaica. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.1.4.65, BMNH 1946.1.5.6. Matrix capistrata Gosse, 1851, Naturalist's Sojourn in JamaicaiSJ'l. Type-locality: Jamaica. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.1.4.95, BMNH 1946.1. 23.81-.82. Alsophis ater: Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:76. Distribution. Jamaica; probably at one time island-wide, now very rare or extinct. Records exist for Bluefields, Kingston, Cinchona, and St. Ann (Parish). ALSOPHIS CANTHERIGERUS Bibron Coluber cantherigerus Bibron, 1840, in de la Sagra, Historia . . . de Cuba:222. Type- locality: Cuba. Syntypes: MNHN 3545-46, MNHN 3561-63. Dromicus angulifer Bibron, 1843, in de la Sagra, Historia . . . de Cuba:^33 (substi- tute name for C. cantherigerus). (1) Alsophis cantherigerus cantherigerus Bibron Alsophis cantherigerus cantherigerus: Schwartz and Thomas, 1960, Herpetolo- gica 16(2):85. Distribution. Western Cuba, from Pinar del Rio Province west to central Las Villas Province; Isla de Pinos; Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo Bahia de Cadiz, Cayo Frances, Cayo Las Brujas, Cayo Santa Marfa); Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo del Rosario, Cayo Cantiles, Cayo Largo); Cayos de San Felipe (Cayo Juan Garcfa). (2) Alsophis cantherigerus adspersus Gundlach and Peters Dromicus (Alsophis) angulifer var. adspersus Gundlach and Peters, 1864, Monatsb. Akad. wiss. Berlin :388. Type-locality: Caimanera, Oriente Province, Cuba. Syntypes: ZMB 5064a-b. Alsophis cantherigus spielmani Grant, 1959, Herpetologica 15(1):59. Type- locality: Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: UIMNF1 42341. Alsophis cantherigerus adspersus: Schwartz and Thomas, 1960, Herpetologica 16(2):85. Distribution. Cuba: eastern Oriente Province, from the vicinity of Guantanamo eastward. Intergrades between A. c. adspersus and A. c. pepei from mouth of the Rio Yumurf, Oriente Province. (3) Alsophis cantherigerus brooksi Barbour Alsophis brooksi Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :333. Type-local- ity: Little Swan Island. Holotype: MCZ 7893. Alsophis cantherigerus brooksi: Lando and Williams, 1969, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 31(116):194. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (4) Alsophis cantherigerus caymanus Garman Alsophis caymanus Garman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:276. Type-locality: Grand Cayman Island, Cayman Islands. Syntypes: MCZ 6020. Alsophis cantherigerus caymanus: Schwartz and Thomas, 1960, Herpetologica 16(2):89. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Grand Cayman I. (5) Alsophis cantherigerus fuscicauda Garman Alsophis fuscicauda Garman, 1888, Bull. Essex 1st. 20:106. Type-locality: Cay- man Brae, Cayman Islands. Syntype: MCZ 6325; other syntypes unlocated. Alsophis cantherigerus fuscicauda: Schwartz and Thomas, 1960, Herpetologica 16(2):89. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Cayman Brae. (6) Alsophis cantherigerus pepei Schwartz and Thomas Alsophis cantherigerus pepei Schwartz and Thomas, 1960, Herpetologica 16(2): 87. Type-locality: 9 km W and 2.5 km S Baracoa, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83639. Distribution. Cuba: northern mesic coast of Oriente Province, from Mayarfto La Mata. (7) Alsophis cantherigerus ruttyi Grant Alsophis angulifer ruttyi Grant, 1941, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 2:50. Type- locality: Little Cayman Island, Cayman Islands. Holotype: MCZ 44876. Alsophis cantherigerus ruttyi: Schwartz and Thomas, 1960, Herpetologica 16(2):89. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Little Cayman I. 172 (8) Alsophis cantherigerus schwartzi Lando and Williams Alsophis cantherigerus schwartzi Lando and Williams, 1969, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 31(116):192. Type-locality: 22.4 mi. W Santiago de Cuba, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83638. Distribution. Cuba: south-central Las Villas Province (vicinity of Trinidad) east throughout Camaguey Province and southern Oriente Province (Santiago de Cuba and vicinity), to Felicidad in the interior mountains of Oriente Province. REMARKS. The subspecific status of the A. cantherigerus populations on the Isla de Pinos, the extreme western Penmsula de Guanahacabibes, and on the Archipielago de los Canarreos remains in doubt. The possibility also exists that A. cantherigerus and the Bahamian A. vudii are conspecific. ALSOPHIS MELANICHNUS Cope Alsophis melanichnus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13:76. Type- locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Flaiti. Holotype: unlocated. Distribution. Hispaniola: apparently very rare in both Haiti (where known only from the type-locality) and the Republica Dominicana (known from La Vega). ALSOPHIS PORTORICENSIS Reinhardt and Lutken Alsophis portoricensis Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren. Kj^benhavn for 1862:221. Type-locality: Puerto Rico. Syntypes: presumably UZM 60460; other syntype formerly in NMV. (1) Alsophis portoricensis portoricensis Reinhardt and Lutken Alsophis portoricensis portoricensis: Schwartz, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 23(90):192. Distribution. Widely distributed in Puerto Rico including Cayo Santiago, ex- cept for the southern third of the island, the southernmost records being Maricao, Adjuntas, and Cayey; also unrecorded from extreme western Puerto Rico, west of the vicinity of Isabela. (2) Alsophis portoricensis anegadae Barbour Alsophis anegadae Barbour, 1917, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 30:102. Type- locality: Anegada, British Virgin Islands. Holotype: MCZ 12083. Alsophis portoricensis anegadae: Schwartz, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 23(90):210. Distribution. Guana I., Necker I., Virgin Gorda (including Mosquito I.), and Anegada in the British Virgin Is.; the Tortola Alsophis probably belongs to this subspecies. (3) Alsophis portoricensis aphantus Schwartz Alsophis portoricensis aphantus Schwartz, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 23(90) :200. Type-locality: Isla Vieques. Holotype: BMNH RR1964.944. Distribution. Isla Vieques. (4) Alsophis portoricensis nicholsi Grant Alsophis nicholsi Grant, 1937, J. Dept. Agr. Puerto Rico 21(4):516. Type- locality: Buck Island of the Capella Islands, off the south coast of St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. Holotype: UMMZ 80648. 173 Alsophis portoricensis nicholsi: Schwartz, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Carib- bean Is. 23(90) :208. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (5) Alsophis portoricensis prymnus Schwartz Alsophis portoricensis prymnus Schwartz, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Carib- bean Is. 23(90) :194. Type-locality: Isla Caja de Muertos, off the south coast of Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 77226. Distribution. Caja de Muertos; Platillo (=lsla Morrillito); southern Puerto Rico from Guanica in the east to Banos de Coamo in the west, and inland to the vicinity of Maricao and Adjuntas. (6) Alsophis portoricensis richardi Grant Alsophis nicholsi richardi Grant, 1946, j. Dept. Agr. Univ. Puerto Rico 30(2):124. Type-locality: St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. Holotype: USNM 66522. Alsophis portoricensis richardi: Schwartz, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Carib- bean Is. 23(90) :203. Distribution. Isla Culebra, St. Thomas and its satellites (Water I., Hans Lollik I., Savana I., Cockroach I., Saba I., Dog. I., Great St. James I., Little St. James I.), Lovango Cay, Peter I., and Salt I. southeast of Tortola. (7) Alsophis portoricensis variegatus Schmidt Dromicus variegatus Schmidt, 1926, Zool. Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 12:160. Type-locality: Isla Mona. Holotype: FMNH 266. Alsophis portoricensis variegatus: Schwartz, 1966, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 23(90):198. Distribution. Isla Mona; Isla Desecheo? REMARKS. A. portoricensis from Isla Pineros off the eastern coast of Puerto Rico were considered “very aberrant" A. p. portoricensis by Schwartz (1966, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 23(90) :203). The subspecific status of this insular population remains questionable. ALSOPHIS RIJERSMAI Cope Alsophis rijersmaei Cope, 1869, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 11:154. Type-locality: St.- Martin and Anguilla. Syntypes: ANSP 5411-5416. Alsophis cinereus Carman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:282. Type-locality: St.- Barthelemy and Anguilla. Syntypes: MCZ 6126, MCZ 6139. Distribution. Anguilla, St. -Martin, and St.-Barthelemy. ALSOPHIS RUFIVENTRIS Dumeril and Bibron Dromicus rufiventris Dumeril and Bibron, 1854, Erp. Gen. 7:688. Type-locality: Brasil (in error). Syntypes: MNHN 3559-3560. Alsophis rufiventris: Carman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:282. Distribution. Saba, St. Eustatius, St. Christopher, Nevis. ALSOPHIS SANCTICRUCIS Cope Alsophis sancticrucis Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:76. Type- locality: St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 5404, others unlocated. Distribution. St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Is.; probably extinct. 174 ALSOPHIS VUDII Cope Alsophis vudii Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:74, Type-locality: New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 5567, ANSP 5569-5571, ANSP 5598-5599. (1) Alsophis vudii vudii Cope Alsophis vudii vudii: Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5):363 (by inference). Distribution. Bahama Is.: New Providence I. including Paradise Cay; Eleuthera I.; Cat. I.; Long I,; Exuma Cays (Jewfish Cay, Rocky Dundas, Great Exuma I.); Green Cay; Ragged Is. (Little Ragged I.); Andros I.; Berry Is. (Great Harbour Cay). (2) Alsophis vudii aterrimus Barbour and Shreve Alsophis vudii aterrimus Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5):362. Type-locality: High Rock, Grand Bahama Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 37942. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Grand Bahama I. and Great Abaco I. (3) Alsophis vudii picticeps Conant Alsophis vudii picticeps Conant, 1937, Proc. New England Zool. Club 16:82. Type-locality: Bimini Islands, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 43150. Distribution. Bahama Is.: North, South, and East Bimini Is. (4) Alsophis vudii raineyi Barbour and Shreve Alsophis vudii raineyi Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5):363. Type-locality: Landrail Point, Cooked Island, Bahama Islands. Holo- type: MCZ 37929. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Crooked I. and Acklin’s I. (5) Alsophis vudii utowanae Barbour and Shreve Alsophis vudii utowanae Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5) :365. Type-locality: Sheep Cay off northwest coast of Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 37941. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Great Inagua I., including Sheep Cay. REMARKS. Maglio (1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):52) suggested that utowanae may be a distinct species. ANTILLOPHIS ANDREAI Reinhardt and Lutken Liophis andreae Reinhardt and Lutken, 1863, Vidensk. Med. naturhist. Foren. K^benhavn for 1862:214. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: UZM R.60766-R. 60767. Antillophis andreae: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. (1) Antillophis andreai andreai Reinhardt and Lutken Dromicus cubensis Garman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:281. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: MCZ 172, MCZ 1979, MCZ 6127, MCZ 9354. Dromicus andreae andreae: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):159. Antillophis andreae andreae: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. Western and central Cuba including Pinar del Rfo Province (ex- cept the Peninsula de Guanahacabibes) to extreme northwestern Camaguey 175 Province; intergradation with A. a. orientalis occurs throughout most of Camaguey Province. (2) Antillophis andreai melopyrrha Thomas and Garrido Dromicus andreae melopyrrha Thomas and Garrido, 1967, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 39(16):219. Type-locality: Punta del Negrito, Cayo Cantiles, Archipielago de los Canarreos, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 1080. Antillophis andreae melopyrrha: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. Known only from Cayo Cantiles. (3) Antillophis andreai morenoi Garrido Antillophis andreae morenoi Garrido, 1973, Torreia, n.s. 30:18. Type-locality: Cayo Santa Marfa, Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 2737. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (4) Antillophis andreai nebulatus Barbour Leimadophis nebulatus Barbour, 1916, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 19(2) :305. Type- locality: Sierra de Caballos, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: MC1 11092. Dromicus andreae nebulatus: Barbour, 1937, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 82(2):159. Antillophis andreae nebulatus: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. Isla de Pinos. (5) Antillophis andreai orientalis Barbour and Ramsden Leimadophis andreae orientalis Barbour and Ramsden, 1919, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 47(4) :196. Type-locality: Guantanamo, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 11726. Dromicus andreae orientalis: Alayo, 1955, Lista Rept. Cuba, Mus. Charles T. Ramsden:24. Antillophis andreae orientalis: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. Throughout Oriente Province, Cuba. (6) Antillophis andreai peninsulae Schwartz and Thomas Dromicus andreae peninsulae Schwartz and Thomas, 1960, Herpetologica 16(2):81. Type-locality: 3 km W Bartoli sawmill village, 10 km SW Cayuco, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 83235. Antillophis andreae peninsulae: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. The Penfnsula de Guanahacabibes, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. REMARKS. We herein follow the generic assignments (to Antillophis, Arrhyton, and Dromicus) of Maglio (1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1);1-54) for the smaller Antillean xenodontine colubrid snakes. However, we are not convinced that Arrhyton (sensu Maglio) is monophyletic, or that the proper nomenclature has been followed in this group of snakes. To do other than follow Maglio's schema at this time is to further complicate an already complex situation, but we do so with reservations. ANTILLOPHIS PARVIFRONS Cope Dromicus parvifrons Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:79. Type- locality: Near Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: MCZ 3344, MCZ 3602. Antillophis parvifrons: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. 176 (1) Antillophis parvifrons parvifrons Cope Dromicus parvifrons parvifrons: Barbour, 1930, Zoologica (New York) 11(4):115. Antillophis parvifrons parvifrons: MagUo, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. Haiti, the Tiburon Peninsula east to about Baraderes; lie Grande Cayemite; Grosse Caye; intergradation with A. p. protenus in the area about Mirago^ne. (2) Antillophis parvifrons alleni Dunn Leimadophis alleni Dunn, 1920, Proc. New England Zool. Club 7:40. Type- locality: Gonaives Island (=lle de la Gon^ve), Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 12861. Antillophis parvifrons alleni: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. He de la GonSve and He de la Petite Gonave. (3) Antillophis parvifrons lincoini Cochran Leimadophis parvifrons lincoini Cochran, 1931, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 44:91. Type-locality: Isla Beata, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 83890. Antillophis parvifrons lincoini: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. Isla Beata and the Penmsula de Barahona south of the Sierra de Baoruco, Republica Dominicana; intergrades between /\. p. lincoini and A. p. protenus occur as far west as the region around Jacmel, Haiti. (4) Antillophis parvifrons niger Dunn Leimadophis parvifrons niger Dunn, 1920, Proc. New England Zool. Club 7:39. Type-locality: La Vega, La Vega Province, Republica Dominicana; restricted by Thomas and Schwartz, 1965, Rev. Biol. Trop. 13(1):70, to Samana, Samana Province, Republica Dominicana. Lectotype: MCZ 7833. Antillophis parvifrons niger: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. The Penmsula de Samana, Republica Dominicana. (5) Antillophis parvifrons paraniger Thomas and Schwartz Dromicus parvifrons paraniger Thomas and Schwartz, 1965, Rev. Biol. Trop. 13(1):71. Type-locality: 17 km E Boca Chica, San Pedro de Macons Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77227. Antillophis parvifrons paraniger: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. Southeastern Republica Dominicana to the east of the western margin of the Bahia de Samana on the north, and Santo Domingo on the south; specimens from Santo Domingo are intermediate between /A. p. paraniger and /A. p. protenus. (6) Antillophis parvifrons protenus Jan Dromicus protenus jan, 1867, Icon. Gen. des Ophid., livr. 25, pi. 3, fig. 2. Type- locality: Port-au-Prince, Departement de TOuest, Haiti. Holotype: unlocated. Leptophis frenatus Eischer, 1883, Separat-abd. Osterprogramm akad. Gymna- siums Hamburg:8. Type-locality: Sierra Leone (in error). Holotype: destroyed. Antillophis parvifrons protenus: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. Throughout Hispaniola, except for the distributions of the main- land subspecies parvifrons, lincoini, niger, and paraniger. (7) Antillophis parvifrons rosamondae Cochran Dromicus parvifrons rosamondae Cochran, 1934, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8:186. Type-locality: lle-'a-Vache, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 37668. Antillophis parvifrons rosamondae: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. He'a-Vache. 177 (8) Antillophis parvifrons stygius Thomas and Schwartz Dromicus parvifrons stygius Thomas and Schwartz, 1965, Rev. Biol. Trop. 13(1):73. Type-locality: Environs of Mano Juan, Isla Saona, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77228. Antillophis parvifrons stygius: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. Isla Saona. (9) Antillophis parvifrons tortuganus Dunn Leimadophis tortuganus Dunn, 1920, Proc. New England Zool. Club 7:40. Type- locality: He de la Tortue, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 59440. Antillophis parvifrons tortuganus: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):3. Distribution. He de la Tortue. REMARKS. A partial specimen of Antillophis (presumably parvifrons) was col- lected in December, 1974 on Little Inagua I., Bahamas Is., by D.W. Buden. Apparently there is a local population of A. parvifrons on this Bahamian island but its subspecific status remains unknown. ARRHYTON CALLILAEMUS Gosse Natrix callilaema Gosse, 1851, Naturalist's Sojourn in jamaica:384. Type-locality: Bluefields, Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica. Lectotype: BMNH 1946.1.5.90, de- signated by Buden, 1966, Breviora (238) :2. Arrhyton callilaemus: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):47. Distribution. Jamaica; known from a few, widely scattered localities over much of the length of the island (Westmoreland, St. James, St. Elizabeth, Manchester, Clarendon, St. Andrew, St. Thomas, and Portland parishes). Altitudinal distribu- tion, sea level (most localities) to about 3000 feet (Arntully). ARRHYTON DOLICHURUM Werner Arrhyton dolichurum Werner, 1909, Mitt. Naturh. Mus. Hamburg 26:224. Type- locality: "Alabama;” restricted by Grant, Smith, and Alayo, 1959, Herpetologica 15(3):130, to La Habana, Habana Province, Cuba. Holotype: Formerly in HZM, now destroyed. Distribution. Cuba; reported from the provinces of Pinar del Rio and Habana. REMARKS. Grant, Smith, and Alayo (op. cit.) referred repeatedly to an "Oriente specimen” of A. dolichurum in the Ramsden collection. They, however, pointed out that the specimen in question originated in La Habana; thus Schwartz (1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:105) erroneously gave the range of the species as islandwide. There are no Oriente specimens or records. ARRHYTON EXIGUUM Cope Dromicus exiguus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:79. Type-local- ity: St. Thomas and St. John, U. S. Virgin Islands; restricted to St. Thomas by Schwartz, 1967, Stahlia 9:3. Syntypes: unlocated. Arrhyton exiguus: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):47. (1) Arrhyton exiguum exiguum Cope, new combination Distribution. Isla Culebra, St. Thomas, Hassel I. Tortola, Peter i., and Virgin Gorda; of doubtful occurrence on St. John. 178 (2) Arrhyton exiguum stahli Stejneger, new combination Leimadophis stahli Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:695. Type- locality: Bayamon, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 27323. Distribution. Puerto Rico, north of a line connecting Mayagtiez, Los Rabanos, Aibonito, and Patillas. Altitudinal distribution, sea level (various localities) to at least 1800 feet (4.9 km SE Los Rabanos). (3) Arrhyton exiguum subspadix Schwartz, new combination Dromicus exiguus subspadix Schwartz, 1967, Stahlia 9:9. Type-locality: 7.0 km E Guanica, Puerto Rico. Holotype: MCZ 81121. Distribution. Southwestern Puerto Rico, from the vicinity of Parguera east to Playa de Arroyo. REMARKS. A. exiguum has been reported (as Dromicus stahli) from Cayo Santiago off the eastern coast of Puerto Rico by hleatwole et ai. (1963, Carib- bean j. Sci. 3(1):3), but the subspecies remains somewhat problematical; it is presumably A. e. stahli. ARRHYTON FUNEREUM Cope Alsophis funereus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:77. Type-local- ity: Jamaica. Lectotype: USNM 12372, designated by Buden, 1966, Breviora (238):5. Arrhyton funereus: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):46. Distribution. Western Jamaica, east to Bog Walk and Port Maria. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 2000 feet (Locherick, 2.5 mi. SE Bamboo, St. Ann Parish). ARRHYTON POLYLEPIS Buden Dromicus polylepis Buden, 1966, Breviora (238) :7. Type-locality: Port Antonio, Portland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 81020. Arrhyton polylepis: Maglio, 1970, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 141(1):46. Distribution. Eastern Jamaica, in St. Andrew, Portland, and St. Thomas parishes. ARRHYTON TAENIATUM Gunther Arrhyton taeniatum Gunther, 1858, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. :244. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.21.48. Colorhogia redimita Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:81. Type- locality: Eastern Cuba. Holotype: USNM 29769. Arrhyton fulvum Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:82. Type- locality: Cuba. Holotype: USNM 12421. Distribution. Cuba, in the provinces of Pinar del Rm, Elabana, Las Villas, and Oriente; Isla de Pinos. ARRHYTON VITTATUM Gundlach and Peters Cryptodacus vittatus Gundlach and Peters, 1862, Monatsb. Akad. wiss. Berlin:1003. Type-locality: Cardenas, Matanzas Province, Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 4096. Carpodacus vittatus Schwartz, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:105 (in error). Arrhyton vittatum: Boulenger, 1894, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. 2:252, (1) Arrhyton vittatum vittatum Gundlach and Peters Arrhyton bivittatum Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:82. Type- locality: Cuba. Holotype: USNM 5784. Arrhyton vittatum vittatum: Schwartz, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:105. Distribution. Throughout Cuba except in the area of the following subspecies; Isla de Pinos. (2) Arrhyton vittatum landoi Schwartz Arrhyton vittatum landoi Schwartz, 1965, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 78:109. Type-locality: Mountains north of Imias, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: MCZ 42505. Distribution. Southern Oriente Province, Cuba, from Pilon east to the type- locality; an isolated record from near Francisco, Camaguey Province. REMARKS. Lando and Williams (1969, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 31(116):194) considered landoi a distinct species. BOA CONSTRICTOR Linnaeus Boa constrictor Linnaeus, 1758, Sysf. Nat., ed. 10, 1:215. Type-locality: India (in error). Holotype: unknown. (1) Boa constrictor imperator Daudin Boa imperator Daudin, 1803, Hist. Nat. Rept. 5:150. Type-locality: Mexico; restricted by Smith and Taylor, 1950, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 33:350, to Cordoba, Veracruz, Mexico; also restricted by Dunn and Saxe, 1950, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 102:161, to the Choco, Colombia. Holotype: unlocated. Boa constrictor imperator: Forcart, 1951, Herpetologica 7(4):199. Distribution. Isla San Andres, Isla de Providencia, Isla Sta. Catalina; the main- land from Mexico to northwestern South America. (2) Boa constrictor nebulosa Lazell Constrictor constrictor nebulosus Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(3):264. Type-locality: Woodford Hill, St. Andrew Parish, Dominica. Holo- type: MCZ 65493. Boa constrictor nebulosus: Peters and Orejas-Miranda, 1970, Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (297):37. Distribution. Dominica. (3) Boa constrictor orophias Linnaeus Boa orophias Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1:215. Type-locality: Not given; restricted to Praslin, Praslin Quarter, St. Lucia, by Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(3):261. Holotype: An unnumbered specimen in the Museum de Ceer — fide Lazell (loc. cit.). Boa constrictor orophias: Peters and Orejas-Miranda, 1970, Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (297):37. Distribution. St. Lucia. BOTHROPS CARIBBAEA Carman Trigonocephalus caribbaeus Carman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:285. Type- locality: St. Lucia; restricted to Crande Anse, Dauphin Quarter, St. Lucia, by Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(3) :251. Lectotype: MCZ 4814, desig- nated by Lazell (1964:250). 180 Bothrops caribbaeus: Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(3):250. Distribution. St. Lucia, where evidently restricted to the low elevation periphery of all but the extreme north and the southern third of the island. BOTHROPS LANCEOLATA Lacepede Coluber lanceolatus Lacep'ede, 1789, Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Ovip. 2:80. Type-locality: Unknown; restricted to Morne Capot, between Ajoupa-Bouillon and Lorrain, Martinique, by Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(3):255. Syntypes: evidently no longer extant. Bothrops lanceolatus: Lazell, 1964, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 132(3):254. Distribution. Martinique; localized in parts of the northern and southern halves of the island. CHIRONIUS CARINATUS Linnaeus Coluber carinatus Linnaeus, 1758, 5yst. Nat., ed. 10, 1:223. Type-locality: "Indiis." Holotype: unlocated. Chironius carinatus: Fitzinger, 1826, Neue Class. Rept. :60. Distribution. A questionable record from Guadeloupe (a single specimen re- ported by Boulenger, 1894, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. 2:73); on the mainland the species occurs from Central America throughout tropical South America and on Trinidad. CHIRONIUS VINCENTI Boulenger, new combination Herpetodryas carinatus var. vincenti Boulenger, 1891, Proc. Zool. Soc. London 3:355. Type-locality: St. Vincent. Syntypes: BMNFH 90.11.25.21. Distribution. Known only from the island of St. Vincent. REMARKS. Barbour (1914, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):331) used the combina- tion Herpetodryas vincenti, having seen two St. Vincent specimens that agreed with the syntypes in diagnostic features. Underwood (1962, Caribbean Affairs Univ. West Indies (New Ser.)1:160) and Peters and Orejas-Miranda (1970, Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (297):59) used the name Chironius carinatus for the St. Vincent snakes. The St. Vincent population, however, has yet to be adequately com- pared with mainland Ch. carinatus. CLELIA CLELIA Daudin Coluber clelia Daudin, 1803, Hist. Nat. Rept. 6:330. Type-locality: Suriname. Holotype: unlocated. Clelia clelia: Fitzinger, 1826, Neue Class. Rept.:55. (1) Clelia clelia clelia Daudin Clelia clelia clelia: Dunn, 1944, Caldasia 3(12):201. Distribution. Dominica and St. Lucia; on the mainland from Central America south throughout much of tropical South America. (2) Clelia clelia groomei Greer Clelia clelia groomei Greer, 1965, Breviora (223) :1. Type-locality: Beausejour, St. George Parish, Grenada. Holotype: MCZ 79767. Distribution. Known only from Grenada. 181 REMARKS. Peters and Orejas-Miranda (1970, Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (297);63) listed C. c. groomei in the synonymy of C. c. clelia. More Grenada specimens will be needed to assess the validity of groomei. CONIOPHANES ANDRESENSIS Bailey Coniophanes fissidens andresensis Bailey, 1937, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (362) :4. Type-locality: Isla San Andres. Holotype: MCZ 31867. Coniophanes brevifrons Bailey, 1937, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (362);3. Type-locality: Ecuador (probably in error). Holotype: ANSP 3349. Coniophanes andresensis: Dunn and Saxe, 1950, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 102:162. Distribution. Isla San Andres. CORALLUS ENYDRIS Linnaeus Boa Enydris Linnaeus, 1758, Sysf. Nat., ed. 10, 1:215. Type-locality: America. Holo- type: unlocated. Corallus enydris: Forcart, 1951, Herpetologica 7(4):197. (1) Corallus enydris cooki Gray Corallus Cookii Gray, 1842, Zool. Misc.:42. Type-locality: Unknown. Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.1.50. Boa grenadensis Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):327. Type-locality: St. George’s, St. George Parish, Grenada. Holotype: MCZ 7790. Corallus enydris cooki: Forcart, 1951, Herpetologica 7(4):197. Distribution. St. Vincent, the Grenadines (Bequia I., lie Quatre, Union I.), and Grenada; also known from Trinidad and northern South America north into Nicaragua. REMARKS. The nominate subspecies occurs in Amazonian South America south of the range of C. e. cooki. DARLINGTONIA HAEirANA Cochran Darlingtonia haetiana Cochran, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(6) :375. Type- locality: Roche Croix, northeastern foothills. Massif de la Hotte, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 38252. (1) Darlingtonia haetiana haetiana Cochran Darlingtonia haetiana haetiana: Schwartz and Thomas, 1965, Breviora (229) :3. Distribution. Hispaniola: Haiti; known from the type-locality, Camp Perrin, and Castillon in the Massif de la Hotte. Altitudinal distribution from 1000 feet to 5000 feet. (2) Darlingtonia haetiana perfector Schwartz and Thomas Darlingtonia haetiana perfector Schwartz and Thomas, 1965, Breviora 229:3. Type-locality: 24 km SW Barahona, 3700 feet (1221 meters), Barahona Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 772X7 . Distribution. Hispaniola: the Sierra de Baoruco (type-locality, near Polo) and the southern versant of the Massif de la Selle (Los Arroyos in the Republica Dominicana, near Seguin in Haiti). Altitudinal distribution from 3000 feet to 4400 feet. 182 (3) Darlingtonia haetiana vaticinata Schwartz Darlingtonia haetiana vaticinata Schwartz, 1970, Herpetologica 26(3):327. Type- locality: Peneau, Bassin Bleu, 5000 feet (1525 meters), Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 92099. Distribution. Hispaniola: the Montagne Noire (type-locality, Kenscoff, Furcy, Morne Bourette) in southeastern Haiti. Altitudinal distribution between 5000 feet and 5600 feet. DROMICUS CURSOR Lacepede Coluber cursor Lacepede, 1789, Hist. Nat. Quadrup. Ovip. 2:96. Type-locality: Martinique. Syntype: ANSP 5580; other syntype(s) unlocated. Coluber Fugitivus Donndorf, 1798, Amph. Ichthyol. Beytrage 3:206. Type-locality: Martinique. Holotype: unjocated. Liophis putnami Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:79. Type-locality: Martinique. Holotype: ANSP 5580. Dromicus cursor: Bibron, 1843, in de la Sagra, Historia . . . de Cuba:134-135. Distribution. Martinique and its satellite the Rocher de Diamant, the latter being the provenance of the only recently taken specimen. DROMICUS JULIAE Cope Aporophis juliae Cope, 1879, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 18:274. Type-locality: Dominica. Holotype: USNM 10152. Dromicus juliae: Carman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:281. (1) Dromicus juliae juliae Cope Dromicus juliae juliae: Parker, 1936, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10(18) :233. Distribution. Dominica. (2) Dromicus juliae copeae Parker Dromicus juliae copeae Parker, 1936, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10(18):232. Type- locality: Guadeloupe. Syntypes: BMNH 1920.1.20.495. Distribution. Guadeloupe. (3) Dromicus juliae mariae Barbour Leimadophis mariae Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):340. Type- locality: Marie-Galante. Syntypes: MCZ 6138. Dromicus juliae mariae: Parker, 1936, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10(18) :233. Distribution. Marie-Galante. DROMICUS MELANOTUS Shaw Coluber Melanotus Shaw, 1802, Gen. Zool. 3:534. Type-locality: Cape of Good Hope, Africa (in error). Holotype: unlocated. Liophis melanonotus Cope, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12:253 (replacement name for melanotus Shaw). Dromicus melanotus: Gunther, 1858, Cat. Colubr. Snakes Brit. Mus. :133. Distribution. Grenada; also known from Tobago, Trinidad, and northern South America. 183 DROMICUS ORNATUS Carman Dromicus ornatus Carman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:281. Type-locality: St. Lucia. Syntypes: MCZ 6135-6137. Leimadophis boulengeri Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2):339 (replace- ment for ornatus Carman, considered preoccupied by Coluber ornatus Shaw, 1802-Chrysopelea ornata). Distribution. St. Lucia, where now apparently extinct; collected in 1973 on the Maria Islands off the eastern St. Lucia coast. DROMICUS PERFUSCUS Cope Liophis perfuscus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:77. Type-local- ity: Barbados. Holotype: USNM 6044. Dromicus perfuscus: Cunther, 1863, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3(12) :349. Distribution. Barbados. EPICRATES ANGULIFER Cocteau and Bibron Epicrates angulifer Cocteau and Bibron, 1840, in de la Sagra, Historia . . . de Cuba 8: pi. 25. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 3292. Distribution. Cuba, where widely distributed both altitudinally and geographi- cally; Isla de Pinos; Archipielago de los Canarreos jCayo Cantiles); Archipie- lago de los Colorados off the northern Pinar del Rio coast; probably many other islets and keys. EPICRATES CHRYSOGASTER Cope Homalochilus chrysogaster Cope, 1871, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 11:557. Type-locality: “Turk's Island;" perhaps meaning Crand Turk Island, Turks Islands, although the species has not been reported or collected there subsequently. Holotype: ANSP 10322. Epicrates chrysogaster: Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:694. (1) Epicrates chrysogaster chrysogaster Cope Epicrates chrysogaster chrysogaster: Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carne- gie Mus. 45(5):91. Distribution. Turks Is.: ?Crand Turk I.; Caicos Islands: Middle Caicos I., North Caicos I., Big Ambergris Cay, Little Ambergris Cay, Long Cay; presumably occurs on other islands and islets in the Turks and Caicos islands. (2) Epicrates chrysogaster relicquus Barbour and Shreve Epicrates relicquus Barbour and Shreve, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40(5):362. Type-locality: Sheep Cay off the northwest coast of Creat Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 37891. Epicrates chrysogaster relicquus: Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5):93. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Creat Inagua I. and Sheep Cay. (3) Epicrates chrysogaster schwartzi Buden Epicrates chrysogaster schwartzi Buden, 1975, Herpetologica 31(2):173. Type- locality: Delectable Bay, Acklins Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: LSUMZ 27500. Distribution: Bahama Is.: Acklins I., Crooked I. EPICRATES EXSUL Netting and Coin Epicratcs cxsul Netting and Coin, 1944, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 30(6):71. Type-locality: Near Blarkror k (approximately 26° 49’ N lat. and 77°25' 30” W long.) on the east coast of Great Abaco Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 21408. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Great Abaco I. including Elbow Cay, Little Abaco I. EPICRATES EORDI Gunther Pelophilus fordii Glint her, 1861, Proc. Zool. Soc. London ;142. Type-locality: “Western Africa:” ri'stricted by Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5):104, to the vicinity of Port-au-Prince, Departement de I’Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.1.55. Chilabothrus maculalus Lischer, 1888, Jahrb. hamburg. wiss. Anst. 5:33. Type- locality: Cap-HaTtien and Gona’ives, Haiti. Syntypes: destroyed except HZM 52. Epicrates fordii: Boulenger, 1893, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. 1:98. (1) Epicrates fordi fordi Gunther Epicrates fordii fordii: Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5):106. Distribution. Hispaniola: the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain in both Haiti and the Reptjblica Dominicana and the associated Llanos de Azua northwestward to GonaVves: Cap-Ha'itien in northern Haiti; lie de la Gonave; lle'a Cabrit in the Golfe de la Gotic^ve; unknown from the Hispaniolan south island except for northern slopes of the Morne I’H^pital in Haiti and the Sierra de Baoruco in the Republica Dominii ana. (2) Epicrat('s fordi aytanietus Shef)lan and Schwartz Epicrates fordii a^anietus Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5):110. Typc'-locality: Mole St. Nicholas, Departement du Nord-Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCI 62656. Distribution. Known only from the ty|)e-locality. REMARKS. E. fordi is known also from the northern Dominican Valle de Cibao between Monte Cristi and Villa Vasquez, and on Isla Catalina; these popula- tions remain unassigned subspecifically. EPICRATES GRACILIS Fischer Cbilabotbrus gracilis Lischer, 1888, jahrb. hamburg. wiss. Anst. 5;35. Type-locality: Cap-Ha'itien, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Syntypes: formerly in HZM, now destroyed. Epicrates gracilis: Boulenger, 1893, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. 1;98. (1) Epicrates gracilis gracilis Lischer Epicrates gracilis gracilis: Stull, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40:397. [distribution. His[>aniola: north of the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain, but known from scatteri'd localities within this area. (2) Epicrat('s gracilis bapalus She|)lan and Schwartz Epicrat(^s gracilis bapalus Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5):117. Type-locality: Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 125602. Distribution, hfaiti: the Tiburon Peninsula east to Port-au-Prince and jacmel; specimens from the (*ast coast of the Peninsula de Barahona (La Cienaga; Paraiso) may re[)rf'sent extreme intergrades between the two subspecies. 185 EPICRATES INORNATUS Reinhardt Boa inornata Reinhardt, 1843, Danske Vid. Selsk. Afhandl. 10:253. Type-locality: Puerto Rico. Syntypes: UZM R.5597-98, UZM R.55101. Piesigaster boettgeri Seoane, 1881, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. 12:218. Type- locality: "Mindanao, Philippine Islands." Holotype: unlocated. Epicrates inornatus: Boulenger, 1893, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. 1:97. Distribution. Puerto Rico. EPICRATES MONENSIS Zenneck Epicrates monensis Zenneck, 1898, Zeitschr. wiss. Zool. 64:64. Type-locality: Isla Mona. Syntypes: formerly in HZM, now destroyed. (1) Epicrates monensis monensis Zenneck Epicrates monensis monensis: Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5):102. Distribution. Isla Mona. (2) Epicrates monensis granti Stull Epicrates inornatus granti Stull, 1933, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (267):1. Type-locality: Tortola Island, British Virgin Islands. Eiolotype: MCZ 33947. Epicrates monensis granti: Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5):102. Distribution. U. S. and British Virgin Islands: known from St. Thomas I. and Tortola I., but presumed to occur throughout this archipelago. Recorded from Guana I. (but unrepresented by specimens) by Grant (1932, J. Dept. Agr. Puerto Rico 16(3) :344). EPICRATES STRIATUS Fischer Homalochilus striatus Fischer, 1856, Abh. Nat. Ver. Hamburg 3:102. Type-locality: Santo Domingo and St. Thomas; restricted by Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5):66, to the vicinity of the city of Santo Domingo, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Syntypes: formerly in HZM, now destroyed. Epicrates striatus: Steindachner, 1864, Denkschr. Akad. wiss. Wien 22(2) :93. (1) Epicrates striatus striatus Fischer Epicrates striatus striatus: Stull, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40:397. Homalochilus multisectus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:70. Type-locality: unknown; restricted by Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5):68, to vicinity of the city of Santo Domingo, Distrito Nacional, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: ANSP 10315. Distribution. Hispaniola: north of the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain; the Sierra de Baoruco and associated more mesic southern foothills and near Oviedo, but no records from the very arid lowlands of the Peninsula de Barahona; the Morne I'HSpital in Haiti (near Petionville) and near Jacmel on the southern coast of the Tiburon Peninsula (Jacmel material is intergradient with E. s. exagistus); lie de la Gonave; Isla Saona. (2) Epicrates striatus ailurus Sheplan and Schwartz Epicrates striatus ailurus Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5):81, Type-locality: Alligator Cay, Bennett's Harbour, Cat Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: AMNH 77015. 186 Distribution. Bahama Is.: Cat I. and the type-locality. (3) Epicrates striatus exagistus Sheplan and Schwartz Epicrates striatus exagistus Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5) :72. Type-locality: Camp Perrin, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 125603. Distribution. Hispaniola: the distal portions of the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, east to Les Basses; presumably occurring farther east since there are apparent intergrades from near Jacmel; lle-'a-Vache. (4) Epicrates striatus fosteri Barbour Epicrates striatus fosteri Barbour, 1941, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18:64. Type-locality: North Bimini, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 46054. Distribution. Bahama Is.: North Bimini I., South Bimini I., East Bimini I., Easter Cay. (5) Epicrates striatus fowieri Sheplan and Schwartz Epicrates striatus fowieri Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5) :87. Type-locality: Fresh Creek, Andros Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 125605. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Andros I., Berry Is. (Chub Cay, Great Harbour Cay). (6) Epicrates striatus mccraniei Sheplan and Schwartz Epicrates striatus mccraniei Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5) :83. Type-locality: Margaret Cay, Ragged Islands, Bahama Islands. Holo- type: UMMZ 118033. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Ragged Is. (Margaret Cay, Little Ragged I.). (7) Epicrates striatus strigilatus Cope Homalochilus strigilatus Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14:71. Type-locality: New Providence Island, Bahama Islands. Syntypes: ANSP 10237, ANSP 10239. Epicrates versicolor Steindachner, 1863, Denkschr. Akad. wiss. Wien 22(2) :89. Type-locality: "Colombia.” Holotype: NMV 18930. Epicrates striatus strigilatus: Stull, 1935, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 40:398. Distribution. Bahama Is.: New Providence I. including Rose I., Eleuthera I., Long I., Exuma Cays (Compass Cay, Great Exuma I.). (8) Epicrates striatus warreni Sheplan and Schwartz Epicrates striatus warreni Sheplan and Schwartz, 1974, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45(5):74. Type-locality: Vicinity of Palmiste, lie de la Tortue, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 125604. Distribution. Me de la Tortue. EPICRATES SUBFLAVUS Stejneger Epicrates subfiavus Stejneger, 1901, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 23:469. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: USNM 14507. Distribution. Jamaica, including Goat Island. HYPSIRHYNCHUS FEROX Gunther Hypsirhynchus ferox Gunther, 1858, Cat. Colubr. Snakes Brit. Mus. :49. Type-local- ity: "Barbados;” restricted by Boulenger, 1894, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. 2:118, to Santo Domingo; further restricted by Schwartz, 1971, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 35(128) :74, to the vicinity of Port-au-Prince, Departement de rOuest, Haiti. Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.4.96. (1) Hypsirhynchus ferox ferox Gunther Hypsirhynchus ferox ferox: Schwartz, 1971, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Carib- bean Is. 35(128):74. Distribution. Haiti and the Repdblica Dominicana north of and including the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain; southern Haiti (Petionville, Furcy, Carrefour, Momance, Marbial) both north and south of the Massif de la Selle, in which area ferox approaches but does not intergrade with H. f. scaiaris; extreme intergrades between ferox and scaiaris on the Penmsula de Barahona south- west of Enriquillo, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. (2) Hypsirhynchus ferox exedrus Schwartz Hypsirhynchus ferox exedrus Schwartz, 1971, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Carib- bean Is, 35(128) :86. Type-locality: Environs of Mano Juan, Isla Saona, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: USNM 167298. Distribution. Isla Saona. (3) Hypsirhynchus ferox paracrousis Schwartz Hypsirhynchus ferox paracrousis Schwartz, 1971, Stud. Fauna Curasao and Caribbean Is. 35(128) :82. Type-locality: Etroits, lie de la Gon^ve, Haiti. Holo- type: CM 52284. Distribution, lie de la Gonave. (4) Hypsirhynchus ferox scaiaris Cope Hypsirhynchus scaiaris Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat, Sci. Philadelphia 14:72. Type-locality: Near jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 3611. Hypsirhynchus ferox scaiaris: Schwartz, 1971, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Carib- bean Is. 35(128):78. Distribution. Haiti; the Tiburon Peninsula east to Diquini and 3.6 mi. E jacmel. Dept, de I'Ouest. REMARKS. The relationships between ferox and scaiaris are not clear. In Haiti, the two taxa approach each other closely (Carrefour and Diquini, Salamon and Marbial) without intergradation, yet near Enriquillo in the Republica Domini- cana there are specimens which suggest that the Penmsula de Barahona is inhabited by snakes intergradient between ferox and scaiaris. Critical material from between jacmel and Marbial in Haiti and Enriquillo and Oviedo in the Republica Dominicana is necessary before the situation can be clarified. lALTRIS DORSALIS Gunther Philodryas dorsalis Gunther, 1858, Cat. Colubr. Snakes Brit. Mus. :126. Type-locality: Santo Domingo. Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.2.77. Dromicus mentalis Gunther, 1862, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3(9):128. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.9.34. laltris vultuosa Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci, Philadelphia 14:73. Type-locality: Near jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: MCZ 3600. laltris dorsalis: Boulenger, 1896, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. 3:137, 188 Dromicus w-nigrum Werner, 1909, Jahr. wiss. Anst. Hamburg 26(2): 222, Type- locality: Port-au-Prince, Departement de TOuest, Haiti, and Sanchez, Samana^ Province, Republica Dominicana. Syntypes: HZM 3169, HZM 3425; the former now labeled only "Westindien."' Distribution. Widely distributed throughout Hispaniola but apparently more common in Haiti than in the Republica Dominicana; lle-'a-Vache; lie de la GonSve; lie de la Tortue. lALTRIS PARISH! Cochran laltris parishi Cochran, 1932, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 45:189. Type-locality: 10 mi. E Baraderes, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 80773. Distribution. Known from the type-locality on the Tiburon Peninsula, and from He de la Tortue. LEPTOTYPHLOPS BILINEATA Schlegel Typhlops bilineatus Schlegel, 1844, Abbild. Amph. :36 (original description in Dumeril and Bibron, 1844, Erp. Gen. 6:331). Type-locality: Martinique and Guadeloupe (see REMARKS). Syntypes: MNHN 3234. Leptotyphlops bilineatus: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :324. Distribution. Martinique, St. Lucia, Barbados, and questionably Guadeloupe. REMARKS. Despite the locality “Guadeloupe" given by Dumeril and Bibron (op. cit.) there do not appear to be any specimens extant from that island; the syntypes bear only the datum “Martinique" (see Thomas, 1965, Breviora (222):4-5). Article 30a, 1:2, of the 1964 International Code of Zoological Nomen- clature states that all generic names with the suffix “-ops" (from Greek, mean- ing “the face, eye, countenance") are to be treated as masculine, unless other- wise indicated by the describer. This ruling was seconded and re-enforced by a special ruling of the Washington Congress (1972, Bull. Zool. Nomenclature 29(4):177), and still later repeated and reaffirmed by Smith and Larsen (1974, J. Herpetology 8(4):375). All such rulings are in defiance of the fact that in classical Greek, the word “ops" as used in the above sense is feminine (The Classic Greek Dictionary, 1958, Berry, Follett Publishing Co.:804). We see no valid reason to consider such names as Leptotyphlops and Typhlops as mascu- line; if any degree of classical scholarship is to be maintained in zoological nomenclature, then generic names terminating in -ops are properly to be treated as feminine. We herein adhere to our strong feelings in such matters and consider Leptotyphlops and Typhlops feminine in the correct classical sense. We also point out that the careful worker will distinguish between an adjectival modifier (L. bilineata) and a noun in apposition (Typhlops hectus); in the latter case the appositional noun must not be modified to agree in gender with the generic name. An excellent example of such a case is Thecadactylus rapicauda, in contrast to the incorrect Th. rapicaudus. LEPTOTYPHLOPS COLUMBI Klauber Leptotyphlops columbi Klauber, 1939, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 9(14):62. Type-locality: Watling Island (=San Salvador), Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 1364. Distribution. Bahama Is.: San Salvador I. 189 LEPTOTYPHLOPS GOUDOTI Dumeril and Bibron Stenostoma Goudotii Dumeril and Bibron, 1844, Erp. Gen. 6:330. Type-locality: Valley of the rTo Magdalena, Colombia. Holotype: MNHN 1068. Leptotyphlops goudotii: Amaral, 1929, Mem. Inst. Butantan 4:139. (1) Leptotyphlops goudoti magnamaculata Taylor Leptotyphlops magnamaculata Taylor, 1940, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 26(15) :532. Type-locality: Isla de Utila, Honduras. Holotype: USNM 54760. Leptotyphlops goudotii magnamaculatus: Peters and Orejas-Miranda, 1970, Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (297):170. Distribution. Isla San Andres; Isla de Providencia; Swan Is.; Islas de la Bahfa, Honduras (Isla de Utila, Isla de Guanaja, and Isla de Roatan). REMARKS. Other subspecies occur from Mexico (Colima and Tehuantepec) south into northern South America, east to Venezuela. LEPTOTYPHLOPS PYRITES Thomas Leptotyphlops pyrites Thomas, 1965, Breviora (222) :2. Type-locality: Southern out- skirts of the town of Pedernales, approx. 1 km from the center of town, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77239. Distribution. Known only from the region of the type-locality: records extend to 11 km N Pedernales and to an elevation of 900 feet. REMARKS. Leptotyphlops has recently been collected in the Sierra Martin Garcia, 3 km NE Puerto Alejandro, Barahona Province, Repdblica Dominicana, at an elevation of about 900 feet, but the specimens remain unassigned. LEPTOTYPHLOPS TENELLA Klauber Leptotyphlops tenella Klauber, 1939, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 9(14) :59. Type-locality: Kartabo, Guyana. Holotype: AMNH 14269. Distribution. In the Antilles, a single questionable record from Antigua; on the mainland known from Trinidad and the Guianas south to the state of Mato Grosso, Brasil, and the department of Amazonas, northeastern Peru. MASTIGODRYAS BRUESI Barbour Alsophis bruesi Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :337. Type-locality: Near St. George's, St. George Parish, Grenada. Holotype: MCZ 7792. Mastigodryas bruesi: Peters and Orejas-Miranda, 1970, Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (297): 190. Distribution. St. Vincent, the Grenadines (Bequia I., Me Quatre, Mustique I., Union I., Carriacou I., and lie a Caille), and Grenada (including Green I.). REMARKS. Stuart (1941, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan 49:1-106) re- viewed the genus Dryadophis Stuart (=Mastigodryas Amaral) and correctly placed bruesi generically. In the original description, Barbour (op. cit.) specifi- cally used the word “type" and gave MCZ 7792 as its number, whereas Barbour and Loveridge (1929, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 69(10) :208) listed MCZ 7792 as five “cotypes." 190 MATRIX FASCIATA Linnaeus Coluber fasciatus Linnaeus, 1766, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1:378. Matrix fasciata: Cope, 1888, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 11:392. (1) Matrix fasciata compressicauda Kennicott Nerodia compressicauda Kennicott, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12:335. Type-locality: Tampa Bay, Florida. Holotype: USNM 1348. Tropidonotus cubanus Gundlach, 1861, Monatsb. Akad. wiss. Berlin :1001. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ZMB 4095. Matrix fasciata compressicauda: Conant, 1963, Amer. Mus. Novitates (2122) :33 (combination by inference). Distribution. Southern Florida and the Florida Keys, in marine and brackish situations; the northern coast of Cuba, from Habana Province (Punta Brava) west to Camaguey Province (Playa Santa Lucra); also known from Punta Caguanes, Las Villas Province, and the Archipielago de Sabana-Camaguey (Cayo las Brujas). PSEUDOBOA NEUWIEDI Dumeril and Bibron Scytale neuwiedii Dumeril and Bibron, 1854, Erp. Gen. 7:1001. Type-locality: Cote Ferme and Brasil; restricted to Cumana, Venezuela, by Hoge and Lancini, 1960, Bol. Mus. Cien. Nat. Caracas 6-7(1-4):59. Lectotype: MNHN 3779. Pseudoboa neuwiedii: Stejneger, 1901, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 24:189. Distribution. Grenada; on the mainland, from Panama across northern South America and south into Brasil. TRETANORHINUS VARIABILIS Dumeril and Bibron Tretanorbinus variabilis Dumeril and Bibron, 1854, Erp. Gen. 7:349. Type-locality: unknown. Syntypes: MNHN 7161, MNHN 7346. (1) Tretanorbinus variabilis variabilis Dumeril and Bibron Tretanorbinus variabilis var. adnexus Bocourt, 1891, Le Naturaliste 2(5):122. Type-locality: Mexico. Holotype: MNHN 7349. Tretanorbinus variabilis var. cubanus Bocourt, 1895, Miss. Sci. Mexique, Reptiles:795 (substitute name for T. v. adnexus). Tretanorbinus variabilis variabilis: Wood, 1939, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18:5. Tretanorbinus gaigeae Grant, 1949, Jour. Agri. Univ. Puerto Rico 30(2) :104. Type-locality: Brackish tidal estuary at Rancho Gavilan, Cienfuegos, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: CAS-SU 14440. Distribution. Cuba; from Habana Province (Lago Ariguanabo) in the west, east throughout the island into eastern Oriente Province (Guantanamo), but re- placed in southwestern Oriente Province by T. v. binghami. (2) Tretanorbinus variabilis binghami Schwartz and Ogren Tretanorbinus variabilis binghami Schwartz and Ogren, 1956, Herpetologica 12(2) :105. Type-locality: Finca Bucares, 22 km S Bueycito, in the Rio Yao, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: ChM 55.1.61. Distribution. Southwestern Oriente Province, from Manzanillo (Rio Tana) to the type-locality, both in the lowlands and in the lower northern foothills of the Sierra Maestra. (3) Tretanorbinus variabilis insulaepinorum Barbour Tretanorbinus insulae-pinorum Barbour, 1916, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 10(12):306. 191 Type-locality: Isla de Pinos. Holotype: MCZ 11190. Tretanorhinus variabilis insulaepinorum: Wood, 1939, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18:6. Distribution. Isla de Pinos. (4) Tretanorhinus variabilis lewisi Grant Tretanorhinus variabilis lewisi Grant, 1941, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 2:46. Type-locality: North Side, Grand Cayman Island, Cayman Islands. Holotype: MCZ 44890. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Grand Cayman I.; common on the western end. (5) Tretanorhinus variabilis wagleri jan Helicops wagleri jan, 1863, Elenco Sist . . . Ofidi:248. Type-locality: Brasil. Holotype: unlocated. Tretanorhinus variabilis wagleri: Wood, 1939, Proc. New England Zool. Club 18:6. Distribution. Cuba: Pinar del Rio Province, from Vallecito de San Juan in the west to San Diego de los Barfos in the east, in the lowlands and in the Sierra de los Organos and Sierra del Rosario. REMARKS. We list T. gaigeae as a synonym of T. v. variabilis since there seem to be no differences between gaigeae (known only from the holotype) and other local populations of T. v. variabilis. Neill (1965, Herpetologica 21(1):67) suggested that perhaps none of the Cuban subspecies of T. variabilis are recognizable, but Garrido and Schwartz (1968, Poeyana, ser. A, (53):36) felt that at least wagleri and variabilis are distinct. The species has also been re- corded from Cayo Largo del Sur, in the Archipielago de los Canarreos south of Cuba, but the taxonomic status of this population remains unknown. TROPIDOPHIS CANUS Cope Ungalia cana Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:129. Type-locality: Great Inagua Island, Bahama Islands. Syntypes: USNM 7111, USNM 26763. (1) Tropidophis canus canus Cope Tropidophis cana: Stejneger, 1905, in Shattuck, The Bahama Islands: 337. Tropidophis canus canus: Schwartz and Marsh, 1960, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 123(3) :64. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Great Inagua I. (2) Tropidophis canus androsi Stull Tropidophis pardalis androsi Stull, 1927, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (195) :34. Type-locality: Andros Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: USNM 49471. Tropidophis canus androsi: Schwartz and Marsh, 1960, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 123(2):64. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Andros I. (3) Tropidophis canus barbouri Bailey Tropidophis pardalis barbouri Bailey, 1937, Proc. New England Zool. Club 16:49. Type-locality: Bannerman Town, Eleuthera Island, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 37913. Tropidophis canus barbouri: Schwartz and Marsh, 1960, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 123(2):64. 192 Distribution. Bahama Is.: Eleuthera I.; Long I.; Cat I.; Exuma Cays (Staniel Cay, Pipe Cay, Little Exuma I.); Ragged Is. (Great Ragged I.). (4) Tropidophis can us curtus Carman Ungualia curta Carman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:279. Type-locality: "Cuba.” Although the species is not certainly known from Cuba, there is another specimen purportedly from that island (AMNH 2946, Nuevitas, Camaguey Province). Holotype: MCZ 6114. Tropidophis pardalis curtus: Stull, 1928, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (195):1. Tropidophis canus curtus: Schwartz and Marsh, 1960, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 123(2): 64. Distribution. Bahama Is.: New Providence I.; Bimini Is. (South Bimini, Gun Cay); Cay Sal Bank (Double Headed Shot Cay, Elbow Cay). TROPIDOPHIS CAYMANENSIS Battersby Tropidophis melanurus caymanensis Battersby, 1938, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 11(1):558. Type-locality: Grand Cayman Island, Cayman Islands. Holotype: BMNH 1912.7.18.1. (1) Tropidophis caymanensis caymanensis Battersby Tropidophis caymanensis caymanensis: Thomas, 1963, Breviora (195) :2. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Grand Cayman I. (2) Tropidophis caymanensis parkeri Grant Tropidophis parkeri Grant, 1941, Bull. Inst. Jamaica Sci. Ser. 2:44. Type-locality: Little Cayman Island, Cayman Islands. Holotype: MCZ 44865. Tropidophis caymanensis parkeri: Thomas, 1963, Breviora (195) :2. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Little Cayman I. (3) Tropidophis caymanensis schwartzi Thomas Tropidophis caymanensis schwartzi Thomas, 1963, Breviora (195) :3. Type- locality: The Creek, 8 mi. NE West End, Cayman Brae, Cayman Islands. Holotype: MCZ 69618. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Cayman Brae I. TROPIDOPHIS FEICKI Schwartz Tropidophis feicki Schwartz, 1957, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1839) :3. Type-locality: Cueva de los Indios, San Vicente, Pinar del Rfo Province, Cuba. Holotype: AMNH 76224. Distribution. Western Cuba, from Pedrera de Mendoza and Guane, Pinar del rTo Province, in the west, to Pan de Matanzas, Matanzas Province, in the east; a single isolated and unverified record from Manzanillo, Oriente Province; re- stricted to upland caves and cliffs with associated talus. TROPIDOPHIS GREENWAYI Barbour and Shreve Tropidophis pardalis greenwayi Barbour and Shreve, 1936, Proc. New England Zool. Club 16:2. Type-locality: Ambergris Cay, Caicos Islands. Holotype: MCZ 42051. 193 (1) Tropidophis greenwayi greenwayi Barbour and Shreve Tropidophis greenwayi: Schwartz and Marsh, 1960, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 123(2):64. Tropidophis greenwayi greenwayi: Schwartz, 1963, Breviora (194):4. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (2) Tropidophis greenwayi lanthanus Schwartz Tropidophis greenwayi lanthanus Schwartz, 1963, Breviora (194) :1. Type- locality: 0.5 mi. N Cockburn Harbour, South Caicos Island, Caicos Islands. Holotype: MCZ 69630. Distribution. Caicos Is.: South Caicos I., Long Cay, Middleton Cay, North Caicos I., Middle Caicos I. REMARKS. The subspecific status of North Caicos, Middle Caicos, and Middle- ton Cay specimens is uncertain. TROPIDOPHIS HAETIANUS Cope Unguaiia haetiana Cope, 1879, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 18:273. Type-locality: Port-au- Prince, Departement de POuest, Haiti, and He de la Gonave, Haiti. Syntypes: USNM 10164, USNM 10169. (1) Tropidophis haetianus haetianus Cope Tropidophis maculata haetiana: Cochran, 1924, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 66(6):12. Tropidophis conjunctus Fischer, 1888, jahr. Hamburg wiss. Anst. 5:31. Type- locality: Cap-Haitien, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: destroyed. Tropidophis haetianus haetianus: Schwartz and Marsh, 1960, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 123(2):67. Distribution. Hispaniola; lie de la GonSve; He de la Tortue; also known from scattered localities in Cuba (“eastern Cuba'’; Guardalavaca, Oriente Province). (2) Tropidophis haetianus jamaicensis Stull Tropidophis maculatus jamaicensis Stull, 1928, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (195) :12. Type-locality: Kingston, Kingston Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 12090. Tropidophis haetianus jamaicensis: Schwartz and Marsh, 1960, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 123(2):67. Distribution. Southern Jamaica, from Malvern, St. Elizabeth Parish, in the west to Blue Mountain Estate, St. Thomas Parish, in the east, except for the Portland Peninsula (see T. h. stullae). (3) Tropidophis haetianus stejnegeri Grant Tropidophis pardalis stejnegeri Grant, 1940, iama/ca Today: 8 (separately paged reprint). Type-locality: Boston Bay, Portland Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 44769. Tropidophis haetianus stejnegeri: Schwartz and Marsh, 1960, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 123(2):67, Distribution. Northern Jamaica from Montego Bay, Mt. Horeb, and Plum Park, St. James Parish, and Bluefields, Westmoreland Parish, in the west to the type- locality in the east; also at Balaclava, St. Elizabeth Parish. (4) Tropidophis haetianus stullae Grant Tropidophis maculatus stulli Grant, 1940, iama/ca Today: 8 (separately paged reprint). Type-locality: Portland Point, Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Holotype: MCZ 44870. 194 Tropidophis haetianus stulli: Schwartz and Marsh, 1960, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 123(2) ;67. Tropidophis haetianus stullae: Schwartz and Fowler, 1973, Stud. Fauna Curacao and Caribbean Is. 43(142):131. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. TROPIDOPHIS MACULATUS Bibron Leionotus maculatus Bibron, 1820, in de la Sagra, Hist de Cuba:2M. Type- locality: Cuba. Holotype: MNHN 7184. ^ Tropidophis maculatus: Dumeril and Bibron, 1844. Erp. Gen. 6:494. Tropidophis distinctus Jan, 1864. Icon. Gen.:75. Type-locality: “Charlestown.” Holotype: “in Musee de Milan.” Ungalia dipsadina Cope, 1868. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:130. Type- locality: Cuba. Holotype: ANSP 10270. Distribution. Western Cuba, from Pinar del Rio Province (Guane) east to Matanzas Province (Cardenas); Isla de Pinos. TROPIDOPHIS MELANURUS Schlegel Boa melanura Schlegel, 1837, Essai Physionomie Serpens 2:399. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: unlocated. (1) Tropidophis melanurus melanurus Schlegel Tropidophis melanurus: Bibron, 1840, in de la Sagra, Hist. . . . de Cu6a:208. Notophis bicarinatus Hallowell, 1857, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 8:156. Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: ANSP 10308. Distribution. Throughout Cuba with the exception of the range of T. m. dysodes. (2) Tropidophis melanurus bucculentus Cope Ungalia bucculenta Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:129. Type- locality: Navassa Island. Syntypes: USNM 12377; ? ANSP 10281. Tropidophis melanurus bucculentus: Thomas, 1966, j. Ohio Herpet. Soc. 5(3) :83. Distribution. Navassa Island. (3) Tropidophis melanurus dysodes Schwartz and Thomas Tropidophis melanurus dysodes Schwartz and Thomas. 1960, Herpetologica 16(2) :79. Type-locality: 1 km N La Coloma, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Holo- type: AMNH 82893. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. (4) Tropidophis melanurus ericksoni Schwartz and Thomas Tropidophis melanurus ericksoni Schwartz and Thomas, 1960, Herpetologica 16(2) :74. Type-locality: Bibijagua, Isla de Pinos. Holotype: Afs4NH 82897. Distribution. Isla de Pinos. REMARKS. A specimen from the Cayos de San Felipe (Cayo Real) remains un- assigned subspecifically. TROPIDOPHIS NIGRIVENTRIS Bailey Tropidophis nigriventris Bailey, 1937, Proc. New England Zool. Club 16:45. Type- locality: 6 mi. E Martf, Camaguey Province, Cuba. Holotype: UMMZ 70888. (1) Tropidophis nigriventris nigriventris Bailey Tropidophis nigriventris nigriventris: Schwartz and Garrido, 1975, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 88(9) :87. Distribution. Cuba: eastern Camaguey Province; known from the type-locality and 24 km SW Camaguey city. (2) Tropidophis nigriventris hardyi Schwartz and Garrido Tropidophis nigriventris hardyi Schwartz and Garrido, 1975, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 88(9) :86. Type-locality: 10 mi. (16 km) W Trinidad, Las Villas Prov- ince, Cuba. Holotype: USNM 138510. Distribution. Cuba: southern Las Villas Province, from Soledad to the vicinity of Trinidad. REMARKS. Schwartz and Garrido (op. cit.:85-86) noted that hardyi may not be correctly associated with T. nigriventris. This taxon may be either a distinct species or related to T. pardalis. TROPIDOPHIS PARDALIS Gundlach Boa pardalis Gundlach, 1840, Arch. Naturges. 6(1):359. Type-locality: Cuba. Holo- type: unlocated (not ZMB 8043). Tropidophis pardalis: Stejneger, 1905, in Shattuck, The Bahama Islands: 336. Distribution. Cuba: islandwide, but apparently less common in the east (one re- cord for Oriente Province at San German) and unreported from mainland Camaguey Province; Archipielago de Sabana (Cayo Paredon Grande); Isla de Pinos. TROPIDOPHIS PILSBRYI Bailey Tropidophis maculatus pilsbryi Bailey, 1937, Proc. New England Zool. Club 16:42. Type-locality: Cayo del Rey, near Miranda, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: ANSP 20822. Tropidophis pilsbryi: Schwartz and Marsh, 1960, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 123(2) :72. (1) Tropidophis pilsbryi pilsbryi Bailey Tropidophis pilsbryi pilsbryi: Schwartz and Garrido, 1975, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 88(9):81. Distribution. Eastern Cuba; known from the type-locality, Santa Faz near San Vicente, and Guantanamo, all in Oriente Province. (2) Tropidophis pilsbryi galacelidus Schwartz and Garrido. Tropidophis pilsbryi galacelidus Schwartz and Garrido, 1975, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 88(9):81. Type-locality: Near Cafetal de Gavina, Sierra de Trinidad, Las Villas Province, Cuba. Holotype: IZ 4052. Distribution. Cuba: southern Las Villas Province, in and adjacent to (Soledad; Guabairo) the Sierra de Trinidad. REMARKS. There is a possibility that pilsbryi and galacelidus are separate species. There is a specimen of the latter taxon from La Asuncion, Oriente Prov- ince, far removed from the Sierra de Trinidad (see Schwartz and Garrido, op. cit. :83-84) but specimens from the intervening area (about 575 km) are lacking. 196 TROPIDOPHIS SEMICINCTUS Gundlach and Peters Ungalia (Lionotus) maculata var. semicincta Gundlach and Peters, 1865, Monatsb. Berlin Akad.:388. Type-locality: Cuba. Syntypes: ZMB 5076. Tropidophis moreletii Bocourt, 1885, Bull. Soc. Philom. 9:113. Type-locality: Vera Paz, Guatemala. Holotype: MNHN 3285. Tropidophis semicinctus: Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :329. Distribution. Western and central Cuba; Pinar del Pfo Province (Rancho Mundito; Soroa) east to Las Villas Province (northwest of Trinidad). TROPIDOPHIS WRICHTI Stull Tropidophis wrighti Stull, 1938, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich. (195) :38. Type- locality: East Cuba. Holotype: USNM 12420. Distribution. Eastern Cuba, from Camaguey Province (Cespedes) east to south- central Oriente Province (Santiago de Cuba). TYPHLOPS BIMINIENSIS Richmond Typhlops biminiensis Richmond, 1955, Amer. Mus. Novitates (1734) :2. Type-local- ity: Near Nixon's Harbor, along trail to ''Buck Lands" (=Black Lands?), South Bimini, Bahama Islands. Holotype: CM 32604. (1) Typhlops biminiensis biminiensis Richmond Typhlops biminiensis biminiensis: Thomas, 1968, Copeia (4):174. Distribution. The Bahama Is.: North and South Bimini, Andros I., New Provi- dence, Elbow Cay (Cay Sal Bank), and Little Ragged I. Cuba: Rancho Luna near Cienfuegos and the east side of the Bahfa de Guantanamo. (2) Typhlops biminiensis epactia Thomas Typhlops biminiensis epactia Thomas, 1968, Copeia (4):715. Type-locality: 5.4 mi. E West End, southern coastal platform. Cayman Brae, Cayman Islands. Holotype: MCZ 92048. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Cayman Brae. (3) Typhlops biminiensis paradoxus Thomas Typhlops biminiensis paradoxus Thomas, 1968, Copeia (4):715. Type-locality: 7.5 mi. N Mathew Town, Great Inagua, Bahama Islands. Holotype: MCZ 92993. Distribution. Bahama Is.: Great Inagua I. TYPHLOPS CAPITULATA Richmond Typhlops capitulatus Richmond, 1964, Breviora (202) :2. Type-locality: Manneville, at the northwest end of Etang Saum^tre, Departement de I'Ouest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 62636. (1) Typhlops capitulata capitulata Richmond Typhlops capitulatus capitulatus: Thomas, 1965, Copeia (4):438. Distribution. Hispaniola; known from the type-locality in the Cul de Sac Plain, the vicinity of P4tionville, west along the Tiburon Peninsula to the Miragoane area (4 mi. NE Paillant), and on the south coast from 3.6 mi. E to 5.1 mi. SW Jacmel. 197 (2) Typhlops capitulata gonavensis Richmond Typhlops gonavensis Richmond, 1964, Breviora (202):3. Type-locality: Pointe'a Raquette, on the south shore of lie de la Gonave, Haiti. Holotype: YPM 3003. Typhlops capitulatus gonavensis: Thomas, 1965, Copeia (4);438. Distribution, lie de la Gonave. TYPHLOPS CAYMANENSIS Sackett Typhlops caymanensis Sackett, 1940, Not. Nat. (48) :1. Type-locality: Between Pedro Point and North Sound, Grand Cayman Island, Cayman Islands. Holotype: ANSP 22123. Distribution. Cayman Is.: Grand Cayman I. TYPHLOPS DOMINICANA Stejneger Typhlops dominicana Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:687. Type- locality: Dominica. Syntypes: BMNH 65.5.4.177, BMNH 89.8.14.1-.8, BMNH 91.5.11.2. Distribution. Dominica. REMARKS. Stejneger (op. cit.) proposed the name dominicana for the Domini- ca Typhlops on the basis of the description by Boulenger (1893, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. 1:30) of specimens incorrectly identified as Typhlops platycephalus (=T. richardi). TYPHLOPS GRANTr Ruthven and Gaige Typhlops grant! Ruthven and Gaige, 1935, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan (307) :2. Type-locality: Isla Caja de Muertos, 8 mi. off Ponce, Puerto Rico. Holotype: UMMZ 76669. Distribution. The xeric southwestern part of Puerto Rico, from Parguera east to the vicinity of Guanica; Isla Caja de Muertos. TYPHLOPS GUADELOUPENSIS Richmond Typhlops guadeloupensis Richmond, 1966, Herpetologica 22(2) :129. Type-locality: 2 km SW Port-Blanc, the Grande-Terre portion of Guadeloupe. Holotype: CM 41216. Distribution. Guadeloupe: of the known specimens, only the holotype and one other, also from Grande-Terre, have precise locality data. The species probably also occurs on Basse-Terre. TYPHLOPS HECTUS Thomas Typhlops hectus Thomas, 1974, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 87(2) :12. Type-locality: Martineau, ca. 9 km (airline) W jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 81149. Distribution. Southwestern Hispaniola, including the Tiburon Peninsula and ex- cepting the lowland areas of the Peninsula de Barahona, north to the region of Mirebalais and Lascahobas in Haiti and the northern Valle de San Juan (Rio Arriba del Norte and 4 km N Sabaneta). No records exist for the Cul de Sac Plain of Haiti, but specimens are known from Duverge and El Iguito, 3.1 km NE Fondo Negro, in the Valle de Neiba of the Repi5blica Dominicana. Also known 198 from Me Grande Cayemite. Altitudinal distribution from sea level (several localities) to 2600 feet (7 km W Vallejuelo). TYPHLOPS JAMAICENSIS Shaw Anguis jamaicensis Shaw, 1802, Gen. Zoo/. 3:588. Type-locality: Jamaica. Holotype: unlocated. Anilios leachii Gray, 1845, Cat. Lizards Brit. Mus. :'135. Type-locality: unknown. Syntypes: BMNH 1946.1.12.5. Typhlops Jamaicensis: Cochran, 1924, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 14(8) :175. Distribution. Jamaica; widespread, although apparently absent at elevations above 2000 feet. TYPHLOPS LUMBRICALIS Linnaeus Anguis lumbricalis Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1:288. Type-locality: America. Holotype: unlocated. Typhlops lumbricalis: Oppel, 1811, Ordn. Rept.:55. Typhlops cubae Bibron, 1830, in de la Sagra, Hist. . . . de Cuba 4:233 (p. 204 in French edition). Type-locality: Cuba. Holotype: unlocated. Typhlops silus Legler, 1959, Herpetologica 15(2) :105. Type-locality: Banes, Oriente Province, Cuba. Holotype: KU 47469. Distribution. Cuba (widespread) and the Isla de Pinos; the Bahama Is. (Grand Bahama, Water Cay, Great Abaco, South Bimini, Andros, New Providence, Eleuthera, Great and Little Exuma, Cat, Long); Hispaniola, where the distribu- tion is apparently local, known from the Cul de Sac Plain of Haiti north to Fond Michelle in the Montagnes du Trou-d’Eau; from a circumscribed area on the southern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco-Massif de la Selle montane region (11 km SW Los Arroyos and 21 km N Pedernales, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana; Colombier near Saltrou, Departement de TOuest, Haiti); and from a few scattered localities in the central to eastern Republica Dominicana (east of Puerto Plata in the north and 2.9 km W, thence 16.4 km N Azua in the south). Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 1300 feet (11 km SW Los Arroyos). REMARKS. Records of this species from South America are based upon a mis- identification (Boulenger, 1893, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. 1:31)and on an almost certainly mislabeled specimen (AMNH 67881, purportedly from Guyana) from the Haitian Cul de Sac population. There is considerable diversity among the various populations presently assigned to T. lumbricalis, and a taxonomic study of these populations is in progress. TYPHLOPS MONASTUS Thomas Typhlops monastus Thomas, 1966, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 79:257. Type- locality: Between Lawyer's River and Cassava Ghaut, St. Peter's Parish, Mont- serrat. Holotype: MCZ 81112. (1) Typhlops monastus monastus Thomas Typhlops monastus monastus Thomas, 1966, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 79:257. Distribution. Montserrat. (2) Typhlops monastus geotomus Thomas Typhlops monastus geotomus Thomas, 1966, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 79:260. Type-locality: Approximately 1 mi. N Carlisle, St. Mary's Parish, Antigua. Holotype: MCZ 81115. Distribution. Barbuda, Antigua (and Great Bird I.), St. Christopher, and Nevis. 199 TYPHLOPS MONENSIS Schmidt Typhlops monensis Schmidt, 1926, PubI, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Ser. 12:157. Type-locality: Isla Mona. Holotype: HZM 1582. Distribution. Isla Mona. TYPHLOPS PUSILLA Barbour Typhlops pusillus Barbour, 1914, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. 44(2) :323. Type-locality: Cap-HaYtien, Department du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 8719. Distribution. Throughout Hispaniola, except for the Peninsula de Barahona lowlands; known only from as far west as 0.6 km W Aquin on the Tiburon Peninsula, but its occurrence on Me Grande Cayemite suggests that it is more widespread on the Peninsula. Also occurs on Me de la Gonave, lie de la Tortue, Isla Catalina, and Isla Saona. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to about 2400 feet (15 km S Loma de Cabrera, Dajabon Province, Republica Dominicana). TYPHLOPS RICHARDI Dumeril and Bibron Typhlops richardii Dumeril and Bibron, 1844, Erp. Gen. 6:293. Type-locality: St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. Holotype: MNHN 3220. (1) Typhlops richardi richardi Dumeril and Bibron Typhlops richardi richardi: Thomas, 1966, Rev. Biol. Trop. 13(2) :190. Distribution. The Virgin Islands: St. Thomas, Prickly Pear l.,St. John, Tortola, and St. Croix. (2) Typhlops richardi catapontus Thomas Typhlops richardi catapontus Thomas, 1966, Rev. Biol. Trop. 13(2):190. Type- locality: Vicinity of The Settlement, Anegada, British Virgin Islands. Holotype: MCZ 77220. Distribution. British Virgin Is.: Anegada. (3) Typhlops richardi naugus Thomas Typhlops richardi naugus Thomas, 1966, Rev. Biol. Trop. 13(2) :190. Type- locality: Hillside above Pond Bay, Virgin Gorda, British Virgin islands. Holotype: MCZ 77221. Distribution. British Virgin Is.: Virgin Gorda. A specimen from Beef I. at the eastern end of Tortola was considered by Thomas (1966:193) to be intermediate between T. r. richardi and T. r. naugus. (4) Typhlops richardi platycephalus Dumeril and Bibron Typhlops platycephalus Dumeril and Bibron, 1844, Erp. Gen. 6:293. Type- locality: Martinique (in error); corrected to Puerto Rico by Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:687. Holotype: MNHN 1060. Typhlops richardi platycephalus: Thomas, 1966, Rev. Biol. Trop. 13(2) :190. Distribution. Puerto Rico (widespread), Isla Caja de Muertos, Cayo Palominitos, Cayo Diablo, Isla Vieques (and Cayo de Tierra), and Isla Culebra. REMARKS. Specimens of T. richardi most closely resembling the nominate sub- species are known from North Caicos, Caicos Is., and Pear Cay, Turks Is. 200 TYPHLOPS ROSTELLATA Stejneger Typhlops rostellatus Stejneger, 1904, Rept. U. S. Natl. Mus. for 1902:686. Type- locality: Lares, Puerto Rico. Holotype: USNM 25463. Distribution. Puerto Rico: widespread but in general restricted to relatively mesic situations; apparently absent from much of the southern part of the island but extending into the Reserva Forestal de Susua. TYPHLOPS SULCATA Cope Typhlops sulcatus Cope, 1868, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 20:128. Type- locality: Navassa I. Holotype: USNM 12371. Typhlops haitiensis Richmond, 1964, Breviora (202) :5. Type-locality: Manneville, Departement de POuest, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 62635. Distribution. Southwestern Hispaniola, including the Tiburon Peninsula of Haiti west to the Morne Dubois Peninsula east of Aquin, the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain, north to 10.1 km SE Montrouis, and the Peninsula de Barahona; Isla Alto Velo; Me de la Gon'Sve; Me Grande Cayemite; Navassa I. TYPHLOPS SYNTHERUS Thomas Typhlops syntherus Thomas, 1965, Copeia (4):436. Type-locality: 5 km N Pedernales, Pedernales Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 77215. Distribution. Hispaniola; known only from xeric lowlands of the Penmsula de Barahona, north to 8 km N Pedernales and 17 km NW Oviedo Nuevo. TYPHLOPS TASYMICRIS Thomas Typhlops tasymicris Thomas, 1974, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Louisiana State Univ. (46) :1. Type-locality: 1 mi. E Vincennes, St. David Parish, Grenada. Holotype: UF/FSM 21547. Distribution. Known only from the type-locality. UROMACER CATESBYI Schlegel Dendrophis cates by i Schlegel, 1837, Essai Physionomie Serpens 2:226. Type- locality: lie de St.-Domingue. Syntypes: MNHN 8670-8671. (1) Uromcaer catesbyi catesbyi Schlegel Uromacer catesbyi: Dumeril and Bibron, 1854, Erp. Gen.: 7:721. Uromacer catesbyi catesbyi: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449): 78. Distribution. Hispaniola: the Tiburon Peninsula in Haiti, east to about the level of Momance; specimens from Momance eastward throughout the Cul de Sac- Valle de Neiba plain are intermediate between U. c. catesbyi, U. c. harioiatus, and U. c. pampineus; the population on the Penmsula de Barahona, Republica Dominicana, is intermediate between U. c. catesbyi and U. c. pampineus. (2) Uromacer catesbyi cereolineatus Schwartz Uromacer catesbyi cereolineatus Schwartz, 1970, Tulane Stud. Zool. and Bot. 16(4):138. Type-locality: Vicinity of Pointe Sable, lie Grande Cayemite, De- partement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 92074. Distribution. He Grande Cayemite and presumably also He Petite Cayemite. 201 (3) Uromacer catesbyi frondicolor Schwartz Uromacer catesbyi frondicolor Schwartz, 1970, Tulane Stud. Zool. and Bot. 16(4):142. Type-locality: Degoute, lie de la Gon^e, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 93162. Distribution, lie de la Gon'^ve. (4) Uromacer catesbyi hariolatus Schwartz Uromacer catesbyi hariolatus Schwartz, 1970, Tulane Stud. Zool. and Bot. 16(4):138. Type-locality: 2 mi. (3.2 km) W Trou du Nord, Departement du Nord, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 165936. Distribution. Haiti, north of the Cul de Sac Plain and west of the Dominico- Haitian border. (5) Uromacer catesbyi inchausteguii Schwartz Uromacer catesbyi inchausteguii Schwartz, 1970, Tulane Stud. Zool. and Bot. 16(4):143. Type-locality: Environs of Mano Juan, Isla Saona, Republica Domini- cana. Holotype: CM 45876. Distribution. Isla Saona. (6) Uromacer catesbyi insulaevaccarum Schwartz Uromacer catesbyi insulaevaccarum Schwartz, 1970, Tulane Stud. Zool. and Bot. 16(4) :1 36. Type-locality: Western end, lle-'a-Vache, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Holotype: CM 45875. Distribution. lle-'a-Vache. (7) Uromacer catesbyi pampineus Schwartz Uromacer catesbyi pampineus Schwartz, 1970, Tulane Stud. Zool. and Bot. 16(4) :139. Type-locality: 2.1 mi. (3.4 km) N Hato Mayor, El Seibo Province, Republica Dominicana. Holotype: MCZ 92075. Distribution. Throughout the Republica Dominicana, with the exception of the Valle de Neiba and the Peninsula de Barahona, east of the Dominico-Haitian border. (8) Uromacer catesbyi scandax Dunn Uromacer scandax Dunn, 1920, Proc. New England Zool. Club 7:43. Type- locality: lie de la Tortue, Haiti. Holotype: USNM 59438. Uromacer catesbyi scandax: Mertens, 1939, Abh. senckenberg. naturf. Ges. (449): 78. Distribution, lie de la Tortue. REMARKS. U. catesbyi has been reported from Isla Catalina, off La Romana, Repi^blica Dominicana, but has not been collected there. UROMACER DORSALIS Dunn Uromacer dorsalis Dunn, 1920, Proc. New England Zool. Club 7:43. Type-locality: He de la Gon^ve, Haiti. Holotype: MCZ 12867. Distribution. He de la Gonave. REMARKS. It seems likely that U. dorsalis should be regarded as a subspecies of U. frenatus, but we pro tern follow Horn (1969, Breviora (324):1-23) who considered U. dorsalis a distinct species. 202 UROMACER FRENATUS Gunther Ahaetulla frenata Gunther, 1865, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, 15:94. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.6.70. Uromacer inornatus Carman, 1887, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 24:284. Type-locality: Jeremie, Departement du Sud, Haiti. Syntypes: MCZ 3345, MCZ 3610. Uromacer frenatus: Boulenger, 1893, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus. 1:116. (1) Uromacer frenatus frenatus Gunther Uromacer frenatus frenatus: Horn, 1969, Breviora (324) :9. Distribution. Haiti; the Tiburon Peninsula east to Jacmel in the south and Soliette (3.8 mi. NW Fond Verrettes, Dept, de I'Ouest) in the north, onto northern slopes of the Sierra de Baoruco (Puerto Escondido) and in the Valle de Neiba (8 km S Jimanf, Independencia Province); lle-a-Vache; lies Petite and Grande Cayemite; Grosse Caye. Horn (op. c/f. :22) noted possible introgression between U. frenatus and U. oxyrhynchus in the Diquini region. Altitudinal distribution from below sea level (Jimani) to 2000 feet (Soliette). (2) Uromacer frenatus wetmorei Cochran Uromacer wetmorei Cochran, 1931, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 44:91. Type- locality: Isla Beata. Holotype: USNM 83891. Uromacer frenatus wetmorei: Horn, 1969, Breviora (324) :9. Distribution. The Peninsula de Barahona in the Republica Dominicana, from 4.7 mi. S Los Arroyos, Pedernales Province, in the west to Oviedo in the east, and northward along the eastern coast of the Peninsula to the city of Barahona; Isla Beata. Altitudinal distribution from sea level to 2200 feet (4.7 mi. S Los Arroyos; 1.0 mi. N Don Juan). REMARKS. It is likely that the U. frenatus populations on the Penmsula de Barahona are not identical with that on Isla Beata. UROMACER OXYRHYNCHUS Dumeril and Bibron Uromacer oxyrhynchus Dumeril and Bibron, 1854, Erp. Gen. 7:722. Type-locality: "Senegal." Holotype: MNHN 8672. Distribution. Hispaniola: widespread north of the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain, and occurring south of that plain west to Mirago^ne on the northern coast of the Tiburon Peninsula and near jacmel on its southern coast, and south to Oviedo on the Penmsula de Barahona; Me de la Tortue; Isla Saona. CROCODYLIA CROCODYLUS ACUTUS Cuvier Crocodilus acutus Cuvier, 1807, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 10:55. Type-locality: Santo Domingo. Holotype: unlocated. Distribution. Southeastern North America (Florida Keys and extreme southern Florida mainland); Central America (both coasts of Mexico south to Panama), northwestern South America (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru); in the Antilles, known from Cuba and the Isla de Pinos including the Archipielago de los Canarreos (Cayo Cantiles, Cayo Largo) and the Cayos de San Felipe (Cayo Real), Hispaniola including lle-'^-Vache off the southern Haitian coast; and Jamaica, where especially abundant in the marshes of the Black River in western Jamaica. 203 CROCODYLUS INTERMEDIUS Graves Crocodilus intermedius Graves, 1819, Ann. gen. Sci. Phys. Bruxelles 2:344. Type- locality: unknown. Holotype: unlocated. Crocodilus journei Bory, 1824, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. 5:111 (replacement name for C. intermedius Graves). Mecistops bathyrhynchus Cope, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12:550. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: unlocated. Distribution. A record exists for Grenada; on the mainland the species is known from northern South America. CROCODYLUS RHOMBIFER Cuvier Crocodilus rhombifer Cuvier, 1807, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 10:51. Type-locality: unknown. Holotype: unlocated; probably in the MNHN but not so designated. Crocodilus planirostris Graves, 1819, Ann. gen. Sci. phys. 2:348. Type-locality: Africa? Holotype: unlocated. Crocodilus gravesii Bory, 1824, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. 5:109 (substitute name for C. planirostris Graves). Distribution. Cuba, restricted to the Cienaga de Zapata; Isla de Pinos, re- stricted to the Cienaga de Lanier. 204 MAPS For the user of the present check-list who may be unfamiliar with both place names and physiographic characteristics of the West Indies, we suggest the following sources. In all cases except the smaller islands, standard oil company maps are of great value. The most accurate are those published by Esso (Exxon) and Arco, with those from Texaco and Shell generally less informative and correct. For the major Islands, we suggest the following: Cuba - Geograffa de Cuba, Marrero, 1951, Talleres Typograficos Alfa, La Habana; Geograifa de Cuba, Nunez Jimenez, 1959, Editorial Lex, La Habana; Atlas de Cuba, Canet, 1949, Harvard University Press, Cambridge; also the presently unavailable Carta Militar de Cuba; Jamaica - Geography and History of Jamaica (revised), Roberts and Lowe, 1960, United Printers Ltd., Kingston; 1:50,000 map. Directorate of Colonial Surveys, 1954, Edward Stanford Ltd., Long Acre, London; Puerto Rico - 1:120,000 map (including Isla Mona, Isla Desecheo, Isla Vieques, and Isla Culebra), U. S. Geological Survey, 1951, Washington; Haiti - Geographie d'Haiti, Perreira, no date, Imprimerie N.A. Theodore, Port-au-Prince; 1:100,000 map (in- cluding all satellite islands). Service de Geodesie et de Cartographie, 1960, Port-au-Prince; Repdblica Dominicana - Geografia descriptiva de la Rep6bUca Dominicana, Inchaustegui Cabral, 1962, Libreria Dominicana, Santo Domingo; El territorio dominicano, N^ffez Molina, 1968, Talleres Publicaciones i AHORA!, Santo Domingo; 1:600,000 map, Instituto Cartografico Universitario, 1963, Santo Domingo; 1:50,000 map, 123 sheets. Army Topographic Command, Washington; 1:250,000 map, 5 sheets or 1 sheet, Instituto Geografico Universitario, 1972, Santo Domingo. For the Bahama Islands, the Turks and Caicos Islands, Cayman Islands, and the British Lesser Antilles, there are archipelago or individual insular maps at 1:25,000 to 1:200,000 published by Edward Stanford, Ltd., London. For the French Lesser Antilles (Including their satellites and politi- cally associated islets), there are 1:100,000 maps available from the Ministere des Travaux Publics et des Transports, Institut Geographl- que National, Paris. The United States Hydrographic Office and the Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, have maps of various scales of coastal areas as well as archipelagos (notably the Bahama Islands and the Virgin Islands) of almost all islands in the Antilles. In addition, an excellent source for Bahamian maps and place- names is The Yachtsman's Guide, Etheridge and Kline, published annually. Tropic Isle Publishers, Inc., Coral Gables, Elorlda. For overviews of the entire West Indian region and its bordering conti- nents, the 1:20,000 to 1:2,500,000 Operational Navigation Charts (ONC) used by airplane pilots and published by Aeronautical Chart and Information Center, St. Louis, Missouri, are of extreme accuracy and give In all cases remarkable topographic and physio- graphic details of at least the major land masses. 205 LEGENDS FOR MAPS Fig. 1. Map of Cuba showing upland areas (shaded) and high peaks (solid circles), of which the elevations in meters are given in each case below and in following physiographic maps. 1) Sierra de los Organos; 2) Sierra del Rosario; 3) Escaleras de Jaruco; 4) Sierra de Trinidad (Loma San Juan - 1156 m); 5) Sierra de jatibonico; 6) Sierra de Cubitas; 7) Sierra de Najasa; 8) Sierra Maestra (Pico Turquino - 1960 m); 9) Sierra de la Gran Piedra (Gran Piedra - 1250 m); 10) Sierra de Nipe; 11) Sierra del Cristal In the west (La Mensura - 1000 m) and the Cuchillas de Toa In the east (El Yunque de Baracoa - 575 m); the two shaded areas on the Isla de Pinos are, respectively, the Sierra de las Casas In the west and the Sierra de Caballos in the east. Fig. 2. Political map of Cuba, showing names of provinces. Fig. 3. Map of Hispaniola, showing upland areas (shaded) and high peaks (solid circles), of which the elevations in meters are given In each case below. 1) Monts Cartaches; 2) Massif de la Hotte (Pic Macaya - 2300 m); 3) Massif de la Selle (Pic la Selle - 2680 m); 4) Sierra de Baoruco; 5) Sierra Martin Garcia; 6) Chalne des Matheux; 7) Sierra de Neiba; 8) Montagnes du Nord-Ouest; 9) Massif du Nord; 10) Cordillera Central (left, Pico Duarte - 3175 m; right, Loma Rucilla 3045 m); 11) Sierra de Yamasa; 12) Cordillera Oriental; 13) Cordillera Septentrional (Pico Diego de Ocampo - 1249 m); 14) Sierra de Samana; 15) Cul de Sac Plain; 16) Valle de Neiba; 17) Llanos de Azua; 18) Valle de San Juan; 19) Plateau Central; 20) Plaine du Nord; 21) Valle de CIbao. Fig. 4. Political map of Hispaniola, showing names of departe- ments In Haiti; Dominican provinces coded as follow: 1) Monte Cristi; 2) Valverde; 3) Puerto Plata; 4) Espaillat; 5) Marfa Trinidad Sanchez; 6) Dajabon; 7) Santiago Rodriguez; 8) Santiago; 9) La Vega; 10) Salcedo; 11) Duarte; 12) Samana; 13) La Estrelleta; 14) San Juan; 15) Independencia; 16) Baoruco; 17) Pedernales; 18) Barahona; 19) Azua; 20) Peravia; 21) San Cristobal; 22) Sanchez Ramfrez; 23) Distrito Nacional; 24) San Pedro de Macorfs; 25) La Romana; 26) El Selbo; 27) La Altagracia. Fig. 5. Map of Jamaica, showing upland areas (shaded) and high peaks (solid circles), of which the elevations in meters are given in each case below. 1) Dolphin Head Mts. (Dolphin Head - 546 m); 2) Cockpit Country; 3) South-central Mts.; 4) Santa Cruz Mts.; 5) Dry Harbour Mts.; 6) Central Mts. (Mt. Diablo - 840 m); 7) Blue Mts. (Blue Mountain Peak - 2258 m); 8) John Crow Mts.; 9) Hellshire Hills; 10) Portland Ridge. Fig. 6. Political map of Jamaica, showing names of parishes. 206 Fig. 7. Map of Puerto Rico showing some special upland areas (dark shading) and bosques estatales (light shading), and high peaks (solid circles), of which the elevations in meters are given in each case below. 1) Cordillera Jaicoa; 2) Montaffas Guarionex; 3) Sierra de Cayey; 4) Sierra de Panduras; 5) Maricao; 6) Monte Guilarte; 7) Guanica; 8) Toro Negro (left, Cerro de Punta - 1338 m; center, Toro Negro - 1183 m; right, Cerro Dona Juana - 1079 m); 9) Carite; 10) Luquillo (El Yunque - 1065 m); 11) Cambalache; 12) Valle de Lajas. 207 Fig. 1. Map of Cuba showing upland areas and peaks, 208 Fig. 2. Political map of Cuba TORTUE g lU > g •< Fig. 3. Map of Hispaniola showing upland areas and peaks 210 Fig. 4. Political map of Hispaniola Fig. 5. Map of Jamaica showing upland areas and peaks. 212 Fig. 6. Political map of Jamaica 213 Fig. 7. Map of Puerto Rico showing uplands, state forests, and peaks. 214 INDEX (Includes only synonyms and other names not currently in use, and subspecies names that appear in new combinations in this list.) abatus, Anolis 66 adnexus, Tretanorhinus variabilis . . . 190 aenea, Scincus 141 affinis, Ameiva 55 albidogularis, Anolis 78 albipalpebralis, Anolis 102 alboguttata, Ameiva 58 algida, Ameiva taeniura 62 alligator, Anolis 99 alopex, Sphaerodactylus 146 alter, Anolis 107 analifera, Ameiva 61 angulifer, Dromicus 170 angusta, Pseudemys decussata 47 anochloros, Trachycephalus 13 anomala, Bachia 109 anthracinus, Sphaerodactylus 146 antillensis, Amphisbaena 167 antiquae, Anolis 70 aphretor, Leiocephalus arenarius . . . 136 apocrinus, Leiocephalus arenarius . . 136 aquilina, Ameiva 50 arenarius, Leiocephalus 135 asper, Anolis 83 asper, Sphaerodactylus 146 atessares, Sphaerodactylus decoratus 156 atrata, Ameiva 61 baeolopha, Cyclura 112 barbudensis, Anolis 70 bathyrhynchus, Mecistops 203 biauritus, Anolis 78 bicarinatus, Notophis 194 birdorum, Ameiva 58 bivittatum, Arrhyton 179 boettgeri, Piesigaster 185 boiei, Testudo 49 boulengeri, Leimadophis 183 brachiosquamatum, Ameiva 59 braconnieri, Goniodactylus 122 brevifrons, Coniophanes 181 brevipalmatus, Eleutherodactylus ... .37 brevirostratus, Sphaerodactylus brevirostratus 143 cacodoxus, Leiocephalus arenarius 136 calliurus, Anolis 85 capistrata. Matrix 170 catenata, Dracontura 101 caymanensis, Cyclura 113 cepedii, Anolis 99 chickcharneyi, Anolis angusticeps 67 cinereus, Alsophis 173 cinereus, Anolis roquet 65 cinnamomeus, Anolis 102 citrinellus, Anolis 76 cochranae, Anolis 103 cocteaui, Pseudochamaeleon 109 coxi, Anolis lineatopus 88 cramptoni, Eleutherodactylus 27 cristata, Cyclura 114 cubae, Typhlops 198 cubanus, Anolis 85 cubanus, Platydactylus americanus 165 cubanus, Tretanorhinus variabilis 190 cubanus, Tropidonotus 190 cubensis, Dromicus 174 cunctator, Eleutherodactylus 29 cuprescens, Mabuia 142 danforthi, Sphaerodactylus 153 darlingtoni, Anolis 82 darlingtoni, Leptodactylus 26 desechensis, Ameiva 59 dipsadina, Ungalia 194 distinctus, Tropidophis 194 dominicana, Mabuya 141 dominicensis, Mabuya 141 drapetiscus, Sphaerodactylus decoratus 152 edwardsii, Anolis 70 eleanorae, Ameiva wetmorei 64 elegans, Sphaerodactylus 146 enriquilloensis, Sphaerodactylus brevirostratus 143 erythrops, Ameiva 58 fairchildi, Anolis 104 fasciata, Testudo 48 femur-levis, Eleutherodactylus 29 fernandina, Chamaeolis 109 festiva, Ameiva auberi 53 figginsi, Cyclura 112 flabellatus, Anolis 96 flaviceps, Ameiva major 58 frenatus, Leptophis 176 Fugitivus, Coluber 182 fulgida, Mabuya 141 fulvum, Arrhyton 178 gaigeae, Tretanorhinus 190 gallivasp, Scincus 120 garmani, Ameiva 61 gehrmanni, Eleutherodactylus 21 gentilis, Anolis 65 gibbus, Sphaerodactylus 157 gnatho, Emys 47 goudotii, Anolis 99 gravesii, Crocodilus 203 grenadensis. Boa 181 greyi, Anolis 101 guanahacabibensis, Anolis equestris 91 habichii, Embryopus 120 haetianus, Anolis 77 haitiensis, Typhlops 200 harlani, Cyclura 113 helenae, Leiocephalus carinatus .... 136 henriquesi, Sphaerodactylus argus . . 144 hyphantus, Leiocephalus arenarius 136 impressus, Celestus 119 inornata, Cyclura 112 inornatus, Uromacer 202 insulsus, Trachycephalus 45 intermedius, Eleutherodactylus 24 iodurus, Anolis 84 jamao, Emys 47 journei, Crocodilus 203 juanilloensis, Sphaerodactylus notatus 161 laeviceps, Anolis 72 lanceolata, Mabuia 141 latirostris, Anolis 73 leachii, Anilios 198 lerneri, Anolis carolinensis 105 leucomelas, Amiva 60 leucomelas, Dromicus 169 levis. Gecko 165 lewisi, Cyclura macleayi 113 lewisi, Eleutherodactylus 27 lichenatus, Trachycephalus 13 livida, Emys rugosa 49 lophoma, Cyclura Ill luciae, Mabuia 141 luteosignifer, Anolis 101 lynni, Anolis lineatopus 88 lynni, Eleutherodactylus 17 mabouia, Eumeces 141 Macleayi, Cyclura 113 macleayii, Leiocephalus 127 macrolepis, Celestus 120 maculatus, Chilabothrus 184 maculatus, Gymnodactylus 122 marmoratus, Trachycephalus 45 martinicensis, Anolis 99 mattea, Cyclura 113 mayensis, Anolis sagrei 101 mayeri, Anolis 70 melanonotus, Liophis 182 melanospilos, Sphaerodactylus 155 mentalis, Dromicus 187 mertensi, Anolis 90 metallica, Mabuya 141 microlophus, Holotropis 127 Milbertii, Platydactylus 165 montanus, Anolis cupeyalensis 93 moorei, Anolis 102 moreletii, Tropidophis 196 mounax, Leiocephalus arenarius . . . .136 muelleri, Anolis 85 multipunctata, Ctenosaura similis . . .111 multisectus, Homalochilus 185 nevisana, Ameiva 61 newtonii, Anolis 64 nigerrima, Cyclura 112 nitida, Mabuya 141 noblei, Sphaerodactylus 149 nuchalis, Cyclura 114 nuchalis, Diploglossus 115 nudicollis. Iguana 125 occipitalis, Anolis 98 ocellata, Placopsis 106 ohiendorffi, Diploglossus 115 onchiopsis, Cyclura 112 orstedii, Ameiva 61 ovatus, Trachycephalus 45 oxyrhynchus, Rana 46 palustris, Testudo 48 panchlora, Ameiva 49 parviceps, Scolecosaurus alleni 109 parvus, Eleutherodactylus 19 patricius, Anolis 85 perfoliatus, Stellio 165 pergravis, Mabuya 141 peynadoi, Anolis chloro-cyanus 72 phoxinus, Celestus 115 phyzelus, Eleutherodactylus 39 picinus, Leiocephalus carinatus 137 pictus, Sphaerodactylus 162 plana, Pseudemys decussata 47 planirostris, Crocodilus 203 plicatus, Eleutherodactylus 24 portoricensis, Cyclura 113 procuratorius, Anolis trinitatis 89 pulcherrimus, Leiocephalus personatus 135 punctata, Ameiva 58 punctata, Amphisbaena 169 punctatissimus, Anolis 84 punctatissimus, Sphaeriodactylus . . . 146 punctatus, Anolis 84 putnami, Liophis 182 randi, Sphaerodactylus notatus 149 redimita, Colorhogia 178 reticulatus, Anolis 70 reverti. Iguana iguana 125 rhodolaemus, Anolius 81 Richardii, Tiliqua 141 riisei, Ameiva 58 riisei, Anolis 76 riisei, Hylodes 27 rugosa, Testudo 47 santamariae, Anolis equestris 81 saxatilis, Anolis cybotes 76 schebestana, Hyla 45 216 scutigerus, Trachycephalus . . . . semitaeniatus, Euprepes shawii, Diploglossus shrevei, Hyla silus, Typhlops sloanei, Ameiva sonans, Eleutherodactylus spatulatus, Phyllodactylus spielmani, Alsophis cantherigus spilononotus, Euprepes stahli, Leimadophis stejnegeri, Anolis stenodactylus, Anolis sumiderensis, Anolis spectrum . surinamensis. 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