A^
V]
<^
/}
/a
^
/
s
IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3)
1.0 :?:"
I.I
1^
^^ i«2,8 i^ 2.2
140
120
1.8
1.25
1-4 III 1.6
7
<!
^
//
^/
4.
^^,%
i\%*
<^. <.;' «?
&
CIHM/ICMH
Microfiche
Series.
CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches.
Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques
1980
Technical Notes / Notes techniques
The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Physical features of this copy which may alter any of the images in the reproduction are checked below.
D
Coloured covers/ Couvertures de couleur
L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Certains ddfauts susceptibles da .lu^ire d la quality de la reproduction sont notds ci-dessous.
D
Coloured pages/ F'ages de couleur
Th< poi of 1 filn
Th« cor or t apr
D D
Coloured maps/
Cartes gdographiques en couleur
Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages ddcolordes, tachetdes ou piqu6es
Tight binding (may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin)/ Reliure serr^ (peut causer de t'ombre ou de la distortion le long de la marge intdrieure)
D D
D
Coloured plates/ Planches en couleur
Show through/ Transparence
Pages damaged/ Pages endommag6es
Th( filn insi
Ma in ( upf bot foil
D
Additional comments/ Commentaires suppldmentaires
Bibliographic Notes / Notes bibliographiques
D 0
Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible
Bound with other material/ Relid avec d'autres documents
D D
Pagination incorrect/ Erreurs de pagination
Pages missing/ Des pages manquent
D D
n
Cover title missing/
Le titre de couverture munque
Plates missing/
Des planches manquent
Additional comments/ Commentaires suppldmentaires
D
Maps missing/
Des cartes g^ographiques manquent
The images appearing here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications.
The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol —►(meaning CONTINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies.
Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et de la nettetd de I'exemplaire film6, et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de fllmage.
Un des symboles sulvants apparattra sur la der- nidre Image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole — ► signlfie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signlfie "FIN".
The original copy was borrowed from, and filmed with, the kind consent of the following institution:
Library of Parliament
L'exemplaire filmd fut reproduit gr&ce d la g6n6roslt6 de I'^tablissement prdteur sulvant :
BibliotMque du Parlement
Maps or plates too large to be entirely Included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method:
Les cartes ou les planches tr(^p grandes pour dtre reproduites en un seul clichd sont filmdes d partir de Tangle supdrieure gauche, de gaurhe d droite et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Le diagramme sulvant illustre la mdthode :
1 2 3
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
|
4 |
5 |
6 |
No. 10.
INFORMATION FOR THE ELECTORS.
WHIIT HE (.p. HUD THE COIIEBPIII
HAVB DONE FOR THE
MARINE INTERESTS OF CANADA
Notwithstanding that iron and steel arc taking the place of wooden ships the world over, and many ships engaged in the Canadian coasting trade are registered in England and in foreign countries, the Maritime Provinces owned no less than 724,057 tons registered shipping in 1889.
Canada ranks fourth in registered tonnage among the nations of the world, excluding G-reat Britain :—
■: . ' United States , 2,158,'7U
M-^ !:^; .:. iSTorwegian 1,481,339
.-'Hi' German 1,271,273
Canadian 1,040,481
Ontario's tonnage has grown from P9,lll tons in 1873, ta 141,839 tons in 1889.
The arrivals at the different Canadian ports show the growth of the coasting trade in Canada.
1879 30^50 vessels arrived with a tonnage of 6,118,702.
1889 52,929 vessels, representing no less than 10,219,856 tons.
An increase in ten years of 22,079 vessels and 4,101,154 tons. From the sea the arrivals at Montreal were : — •
In 1879 349,708 tons
In 1889 529,538 tons
In Nova 3cotia the ship building has revived.
In 1887 Nova Scotia built 87 vessels, 12,300 tonnage.
In 1888 Nova Scotia built 116 vessels, 12,900 tonnage.
In 1889 Nova Scotia built 126 vessels, 18,645 tonnage.
While In 1890 she built 148 vessels, 33^746 tonnage. Of the vessels built in Nova Scotia last year, 3 were over 1,200 tons, one over 1,500, one over 1,700, and one over 2,200. There are a good number of barkentines and brigantines from 450 to 600 tons. The remainder, large and small schooners. The large schooners range from 160 up to 639 tons, Parrsboro alone bnild- ing eight between these figures. Nova Scotia appears to be building a very fine class of schooners.
<,i
m W< !
I
t ,
(
'■*^Mi?\o' ,«;'n^<jrv'
LIGHTS, &o.
^-Vrli) nVfv ihX,, nHt^Tt'M' t^.
* Light Stations. Light Houses. Fog Hor^
'{
518 •705
427
.iv 599
BUOYS AND BEACONS.
4
ti.i
BeacoDs.
-as
87 ^•
1878 865
1890 1841
Siace 1878 the Government has sent an expedition to Hudson'^ Bay, arranged for tidal observations, established a signal service, and made extended surveys of Canadian waters, in addition to the various works under the Marine Department.
No less than $17,392,355 have been expended on marine service by Canada since Confederation.
The record of wrecks and casualties in Canadian waters shows that while 533 casualties occurred in 1879, only 242 occurred in 1890, and while 339 lives and $4,119,233 were lost by these casualties in 1879, in 1890 the loss was 64 lives and $1,194,576.
Canada's lights are free as air to the shipping of the world.
•ij: '
'•;.
OUR FISHERIES.
b|, ,, PEOTECTION OF INLAND WATEES.
Previous to Confederation, the provincial fishery laws, contain- ing for the most part excellent provisions, were not systematically enforced, and as a result, the inland fisheries most needing pro- tection steadily declined. . ' 1 ;^v •
Jf-/»H.!'>Viti
PISHING BOUNTIES.
Under the provisions of the Tj-eaty of Washington, of 1871, the fishermen of the United States of America were, among other privileges, admitted to the free use of the Canadian inshore fish- eries, the enjoyment of which had, during the period between the abrogation of the reciprocity treaty of 1854 and the ratifica- tion of the above named treaty, been reserved to British subjects exclusively. In view of the competition to which the enjoyment of these fisheries by foreigners exposed Canadian fishermen, it was deemed expedient by the Canadian Government for the encouragement of, and assistance in, the building and fitting oat
fishermen and the development of the deep sea fisheries, to grant annually, as a b3upty, a sum of $150,000 ; which sum would represent about 3J per cent, on the award of the Halifax Com- mission as the compensation paid Canada for the privileges accorded United States' citizens in excess of those accorded to Canadians by the treaty of Washington. Since 1882, there has been a total sum of $1,403,262 paid in the shape of bounties among fishermen of the Mai-itime Provinces ; being an average yearly distribution of $156,657 among an average of 33,662 fish-
ermen.
li ;.('ifl'^.l>'<!j>};-^';
In 1882, there were 11,9*72 claims paid to 29,9M2 fishermen. 1'^ " 1889 " 17,078 " " 38,343 •' ^<>n«v o •
being an increase of 5,106 claims and 8,411 fishermen. ^••^<>« oH
During the eight years since 1882, the average number of vessels claiming bounty was 837, representing a tonnage of nearly 32,000 tons. The average number of boats was 13,493 and the average number of fishermen 27,000. The highest individual bounty paid was $17, and the general average per man $4.65.
AETIPICIAL FISH CULTURK.
The great advantages to be derived from supplementing by artificial means the natural facilities of our waters for re-pro- ducing all kinds of fish are so well established by experience, that it is scarcely necessary to enlarge on them. Even in their natural state, our rivers have a limit* of productiveness ; but owing to climatic causes and other accidents this is seldom reached, and where artificial obstructions occui', the streams are deprived of their capacity. The area of re-production is thus greatly contracted. When to these causes of deterioration are added improved appliances for capturing fish and increased numbers engaged in fishing, it becomes imperative to substitute some efficient means of providing for a yearly growing demand. This can be done by the establishment of hatcheries. With ade- quate accommodation, everydescriptionof fresh water fish may^be reproduced and particularly those kinds which are best adapted for canneries and available for domestic food.
There are at present thirteen hatcheries in operation in the
Dominion, as follows : —
Ontario 3
Quebec 4
New Brunswick 2
NovaSootia , 2
Prince Edward Island ,....^.......f.. 1
4
Since 18*79, six of these establiBhmente have been put np^ giving one hatchery to each Province.
Fully realizing the importance of supplementing the inroads made by man on the shore fisheries of the ocean, the Govern- ment is now engaged providing means for the artificial hatching of Lobsters, and the success already achieved in this direction by the sister province of Newfoundland is a promising augury of success.
While the total number of fry distributed from these hatcher- ies in 1879 was only 21,000,000, it reached 90,213,000 in 1890, and has averaged, for the past six years over 80,000,000. Whitefish and salmon-trout not being indigenous to the waters of the Mari- time Provinces, efforts have been made during the past three or four yeai*8 to introduce them into the numerous lakes of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Success bids fair to crown this experiment.
The number of men employed in the fisheries was, in 1879, in vessels, 8,818, and in boats, 52,577, altogether 61,395 ; and in 1889, in vessels, 9,621, and in boats, 55,382, making a total of 65,003 men, or 3,608 more fishermen in 1889 than in 1879.
The value of the fisheries in 1879 was $13,529,254, and in 1889 was $17,655,256. The total amount from 1879 to 1889, both in- clusive, was $185,257,219 — a steady increase from thirteen to seventeen millions of dollars since 1879.
Canada, since 1878, has 'expended $1,633,531 in the protection of her fisheries, in addition to $1,403,262, in bounties to fishermen.
Table showing number, tonnage and value of vessels and boatt engaged in the ^sheries of Canada, together with the value of fishing materials employed, during 1879 and 1889 .• —
1879. 1889.
Vessels, number 1,183 1,100
" tonnage 43,876 44,936
" .>lue $1,714,917 2,064,918
Boats, li. )er.... 26,616 29,666
" valu*> $854,289 965,010
Value of nets and seines $988,698 1,691,085
Value of other fishing material $466,717 2,149,138
Total of capital invested $4,014,621 6,770,161
The fostering care of the Government has been exercised upon the fishermen of Canada, with most beneficial effect. Canada's fleet of fishing vessels cannot now be surpassed, in trimness, in seaworthiness and in adaptability to the pui-pose, by the fishing fleet of any country ia the world.