IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 [fl^ K^ 2 Hi ■" I.I f.*^!^ m L25 U 11.6 •9 6" ► o ^ VQ ^ ^V^^'^ '> /: V /A Photographic Sciences Corporation >^ >^^^ ^ 4^' 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. MS80 (716) 172-4503 '%"■ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian inatituta for Hiatoricai Microraproductiona inatitut Canadian da microraproductiona hiatoriquaa 1980 Technical and Bibliographic Notaa/Notas tachniquaa at bibliographiquaa Tha Inatituta haa attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction. or which may aignificantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. D D D D D D D Colourad covars/ Couvartura da coulaur I I Cov«ara damagad/ Couvartura andommag^a Covars rastorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura rastaur6a at/ou paiiiculAa I I Covar titia missing/ La titra da couvartura manqua Colourad maps/ Cartas g^ographiques an coulaur □ Colourad ink (i.a. othar than biua or black)/ Encre da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) I I Colourad plates and/or illustrations/ Planch*)! at/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ Relit avac d'autres documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La reliure serrde peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion la long de la marge intirieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within tha text. Whenever possible, these have been or:Hted from filming/ II se peut que nertainas pages blanches ajoutiss Icrs d'une rsstaurction apparaissent dans la texte, mais, lorsQue rsia dtalt possible, ces pages n'ont pas At6 fiimtes. Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppltmentaires: The tot L'Institut a microfilm* la mallleur exemplaira qu'il lui a At* poaaibia da se procurer. Lea dttaila da cet exempiaire qui aont paut-Atre uniques du point de vue bibiiographiqua, qui pauvent modifier une Image reproduite, ou qui pauvent exiger une modification dana la mAthode normala de filmaga aont indiqufo ci-daaaoua. □ Colourad pages/ Pages de couleur n n D D D Pages damaged/ Pages endommagAes Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages restaurias at/ou pallicul6es Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages dicolories, tachat^es ou piquAes Pages detached/ Pages d6tach6es Showthrough/ Transparence Tha pos oft fWrr Ori| beg the sioi oth firs aioi ori I I Quality of print varies/ Quality in6gaie de I'impression Includes supplementary material/ Comprend du met(6riel suppitmentaire Only edition available/ Seule Mition disponible Tht sha TIN whi Mai diff antj beg rigl req me Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Las pages totaiement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont iti filmies A nouveau de fapon d jbtenir la meilleure image possible. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film* au taux de reduction indiquA ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X 7 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X 32X ils lu lifier ne age The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks to the generosity of: Library, Qtologieal Survey of Canada The images appearing here are the best quaiity possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or iiiustlrated impression. L'exemplaire f Um6 f ut reproduit grice i la ginirositi de: BiMiothAqi^a, CommltikMi Gidogiqua du Canada Les images suSvantes ont Mi reproduites uvec le plus grsnd soin, compte tenu de la condition at de la netteti de I'exenir laire filmi, et en conformk^tA avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. Les exempla'ires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprimis sont f ilmis en commenpant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la derniire pege qui comporte une empreinte d\mpression ou d'illustration, soit par le second plat, salon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmis en commen^ant par la premiire page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la derniire pege qui comporte una telle empreinte. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol — ^> (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Un des symboles suivants apparattra Sur la derniire image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols ▼ signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tablsaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmis A des taux de reduction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour itre reproduit en un ssul clichi, 11 est filmi A partir de Tangle supirieur gauche, de gauche A droi^e. et de haut en bas. en prenant le nombre d'images nicessaire. Les diagrammes suivants ili'^strent la mithode. rata elure, 3 I2X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 S 6 IFrom the Quaeterlt Journal of the Geological Sociktt for November 1867.] ON THE DISCOVERY OF A NEW PULMONATE MOLLUSK IN TUB COAL- FORMATION OF NOVA SCOTIA. BY J. W. DAWSON, LL.D., F.R.S., F.G.8. WITH A DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, BY PHILIP P. CARPENTER, M.D. • ' < ' I • •» • ''^ • Oh the Discoveey of a New Pulmonate Mollusk [Zonites (Conulus*) priscus, Cpr.)] in the Coal-formation of Nova Scotia. By J. W. Dawson, LL.D., F.R.S., F.G.S. With a Descbiption of the Species ; by Philip P. Caepenteb, M.D. The little shell to which the following description refers was found last summer in the course of excavations made under my direction in the bed in Subdivision VIII. of the Joggins Section, between coals no. 37 and no. 38 of Logan's sectional list, already referred to in pre- vious papers f as containing great numbers of shells of Pupa vetusta. This bed is 1217 feet below that in which Pupa vetusta was origin- ally discovered in trunks of erect Sigillarite, and about 42 feet below » Conulus, Fitz., 1833 { = Trochiscu^, Held., 1837, non Sly. ; =iPetaiiia, Bt<5k, 1837;= PerfffrateUa, Schlut.), is a subgenus of Zonites, Montf. ^non Leach, Gray), according to Messrs. Adams, 'Gtenera of Recent Shells,' vol. ii. p. 1 Ifi, and their follower Chenu, ' Manual de Conch, et de PalA>nt.', vol. i. p. 422. Those who do not care to enter into the modem divisions of the land-shells, may quote the species as a Zonites — or even, speaking loosely, as a Helix. t Quart. Journ. Oeol. Soc., Feb. 1862. and May 1866, p. 121. • ■ ••• • • •»•••• • , •••••••••• • • ••••• • • • • • • * • a* • ■ DAWSON— CABB0KIFKR0V8 PULMONATTJM 331 coal no. 37 *, or nearly in the middle of the band of reddish and grey sandstones and shales intervening between couls no. 87 and no. 38. Its immediate associations are as follows, in descending order : — ft. in. Hard reddish shale with ironstone nodules 4 0 Pupa-bed, a variable layer, in some places of grey indurated clay, with a tendency to concretionary structure, in other parts laminated and carbo- naceous with remains of plants 0 3 Bhalo, mottled, arenaceous 0 8 Sandstone, hard calcareous, light chocolate, wea- thering rusty 1 0 Shale, chocolate and mottled 2 8 Grey sandstone 0 Q Shale, chocolate and mottled 5 0 i4~li In digging into the bed, I found that the shells of Pupa are irre- gularly deposed in nests, and arc in some spots very abundant, especially in the argillaceous and nodular parts, while in other places, and especially in the more carbonaceous portions, none were found. In the last-mentioned parts of the bed, there are numerous obscure veg'^table remains, especially leaves of Cordaites, leaflets of Sphenopteris, and Trigonocarpa^ apparently of the same species {T. sigillarice) found with Pupae in the original repository in the erect Sigillarite. The appearances were such as to confirm the impression, stated in a previous paper, that the land-shells were drifted along with vegetable matter by some quiet stream, and deposited on the muddy bottom of shallow water. One object in excavating the bed was to ascertain if any other species of land-animal than Pupa vetusta could be obtained from it ; and in the first instance the result appeared purely negative, except in the presence of minute fragments of bone, and of what might have been the chitinous integument of insects. On a more careful ex- amination of the large quantity of fragments of Pupa obtained, I was able to select a few small specimens, all of them more or less crushed, which seemed to difier materially from the young of Pupa vetusta in form and surface-markings. On submitting these to Dr. Philip P. Carpenter he at once recognized their distinctness from Pupa vetusta, and has kindly famished me with the following de- scription and note on the affinities of the species. Zonites (Conultis) prisms, Cpr. ** C. t. parv&, tenuissima, parum elevata ; nucleo minimo ; an- fractibus iv., subplanatis, omnino tenuissime rugoso-striolatis, in- terdum rugulis increment! magis conspicuis, suturis parum impressis; circa peripheriam angustatfi, vix subangulatd; basi concava, ut * Incorrcctlj stated as 12 feet in the paper last mentioned. 332 PBOCIKDIVOB OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [JullO 19, 1867 supra striolatA, umbilico majorc ; aportnrft subovali, sotio regiilariter excavate ; labro simplici. Long. eirc. 1 poll., div. circ. 130°. " Hah. In stratis carboniferis Acadia), Dawaon." Zonites (Conultu) priseiis, Carpenter. a. Natural site. b. Magnified. e. Portion of surface highly magnified. d. Portion of the surface of Pupa vetusta, highly magnified. Fragment of Zonites (Conufua) pris- cus, showing lip ; the dotted lines indicate a portion of the columella (crushed) and the umbilicus. " A few specimens only of this shell were found, in company with numerous individuals of Pupa vetusta, Dawson, from which species it diifers in form, sculpture, nuclear whirl, and texture. Pupa vetusta closely resembles the living race of small Pupae, and seems to have been (for its size) solid, and coarsely sculptured parallel to the axis. The present species has a different colour, though in the same matrix, and seems to have been an extremely thin shell, of a homy (though not glossy) textu'.e, like the British ffelix (Comtlun) fu^ca and similar si)ecie8. The markings consist of rather irregular striolse with occasional coarser ridges of growth, somewhat slanting toward the periphery, which is rather flattened though not angular. The base is concave, similarly sculptured, and gradually curving into a rather large umbilicus. At least such is the inference from the only portion that has been cleared from the matrix. The nuclear part in this shell is much smaller than in Pupa vetusta. In the Pupa the first whirl is large and swollen, the next suddenly assumes the normal cylindrical form ; and it is not until the end of the third whirl that the normal sculpture is developed. In the present species the growth, form, texture, and sculpture of the shell appear nearly uni- form from the beginning. " It is difficult to state exactly what was the original shape, as even in the most perfect specimen the body- whirl is broken ; but it was probably like Paryphanta Caffra, Fer., on an extremely small scale. It might possibly rank with Hygromia, or, with the living American species minu^cula and exigtm, under Pseudohyalina , Morse. It is place Adan « whic H. CO howe have [June 19, 'eguloriter 0°. 1867.] DAW80K— CARBOKIFEROUi PrLMOKiTTM. 833 Dlaced'^n'' ^.*",^'^' •Pecimens attest its true relationships placed v^hfusea in the group ConuIuB, which (accordinir to S«' Adams, Gen up. 116) is a subgenus ot Zonites '^ ^''' whinJi' P'«J«We that there is a third species among the fragments which have been found ; presenting a shape more rewmE S»e H. eonului, and other trochiform snails. It would CZmali^f nultia) pris- lotted lines e columella >ilicu8. jany with ch species e. Pupa [ seems to lel to the the same F a homy lus) fusca irregular b slanting ; angular, 'ving into 1 the only ir part in Pupa the imes the lird whirl )ecie8 tho arly uni- shape, as i; but it ely small he living ft, Morse.