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" Jieprinted from the Oauadian Heeord qf SeUncf, January, 1890."
TUE GrAMINE^, CvPERACEiB AND JUNCACE^ OF

Montreal Island.

By Harold B. CrHUtNu, B.A., and Robrrt Cami>rri.l, M.A., D.D.

Tlie following list, prepared jointly by Mr. Harold 1».
Cusliing, li.A., and Rev. Koliert Campbell, M.A., D.D., of
Montreal, was coninmnicaLed to the Natural Hi.st(>ry
Society of Montr«il on the evening of January, the .Jlst,
1898, by Dr. (Jampi)ell. It is the first time tJiat a serious
effort has been made to collect the local species of these
three important families. The collections being continued
over a period of four years, the list imiy be regarded as
tolerably complete. The numl>er of grasses — species and
varieties — is 85, of which only 18 have been previously
reported. The Cyperacese number 89 — species and varie-
ties— and of these only 10 have been previously rep(»rted.
The Juncaceu' number 14, and none of the.se have been
hitherto reported. In all there are 179 species and 9
varieties given in this paper, of whicli only 28 have been
previously credited to the Island of Montreal. It may
surprise some of those under whose eye this catalogue
may fall, tiiat in an island only twenty -eight miles long
and nine miles wide, so many species of grasses, carices
and reeds should be found. In fact, we have in tlie
Counties of Hochelaga and Jaopies Cartier an epitome of
the flora of all the Eastern Trovinces. The reason,
doubtless, is that the insular situation of these counties,
and esiHjcially their ge(»logical character — being the
combined Provinces of Ontario and Quebec in miniature
— peculiarly fit tliem, owing to the occurrence of moun-
tains, rivers, nmrshes, swamps and woods close together,
for affording a suitable liahitat to tiie jdants in questiMU.

The nomenclature followed is that given in Hritton &
Brown's Flora of the United States and Canada. Tiiey
have embodied in the main the determinations of the

12

Canadian Jiewrd of Seienee.

Torrey Club, now re^'arded as the most eminent authority
on the Flora of Eastern America. Tlie (iranihien- of
their publication were elalwrated by (Jeo. V. Nash; the
Juncacea; by F. V. Coville, while Prof Bailey's conclusirms
were generally adopted in regard to the Cai-icra. Wherever
there has been a departure from the nomenclature of
Gray's " Manual," 6th edition, the latter is placed within
brackets.

(;ramine.k juss.

Synth EuisM A Watt.

1. Syntiiekisma sANr.uiNALis (L.) Nash. (Panicum
%anguinalc.) — Yards and roadsides. Rare.

Panicum L. ' .-

1. I'ANICUM Cku.s-(;alli L— Very conuuon in yards
and waste places. July and August.

2. Panicum Pokteuianum Nash. (/'. latifolium.)—
Mount Koyal Park and Cemetery. .Itine.

3. Panicum clandkstinum L— Hagg's Woods. July,
1896.

4. Panicum xantiioiiivsum A. dray.— Mount Royal
Park. June.

5. Panicum Scuihxeuianum Nash. — Mount Royal
Park. July.

6. Panicum diciiotomum L— Mount Royal Cemetery.
Rejjorted by Dr. Holmes as P. nitidam.

7. Panicum dei'aupeuatum Muhl. — Top of Mount
Royal. 1894.

8. Panicum miliaceum L. — Cote St. Paul. July 17,
1897.

9. Panicum cai'Illake L.— Common in yards, road-
siiles, lanes. August.

l.xoi'nouus Schlkciit (.SW/ma.)
1. TXOPHOKUS verticillatu i (L) Nash. {Setarm ver-

^

Grain inea:, Ci/peracea, Jittwactu of Montreal Island. 13

tieillatm.) — Common. Keporteil by Holmes and Fletcher.

2. IxopnoKi'S viuiDLS (L.) Nush. {Scturia viridia.)
Cumnion. Keported by Holmes.

3. I.xoi'iioiiu.s (JLAici'.s (L) Nii.sh. (Setariii glauca.)—
Common everywhere. July and Auj,mst.

4. Ixopnours Itamccs (L.) Nash. {Setaria Italim.)
Cote St. Antoine. 189G.

ZlZANIA L.

1. ZlZANIA AQUATICA L.— Month of St. Pierre Kiver.
August, 1895.

HoMALOCENcnurs MiEG (Zmvsm.)

1. HOMACLOCENCHKUS OKYZOIDES (L.) Poll. {Letrsiil

oryzoides.) — St. Pierre Kiver. Augu.st. I{eiH)rted by

Holmes.

Phalauis L.

1. Phalaris arundinacea L — Mouth of St. Pierre
Kiver. Jiuie and July.

2. Piialaris aruxiunacea I'Icta L — Cote St. Paul.
August.

3. Phai.aris Canauiensis L. — Cote St. Antoine and
city lanes. August.

Savastan'a Schrank.

1. Savastana odorata (L) Scril)n. — Savunne. June,

1897.

Stu'a L.

1. Stipa Macounii Srribn. {S. Richardsonii.) Mount
Royal Park, near riding course. August.

OitYzorsis Micnx.

1. Orvzoi'sis juncea (Michx) B. S. P. — Mount Itoyal
Park. June, 189G.

2. Oryzoi'sis asperifolia Michx. — Cemetery woods
and north mountain. May.

> * fm*

14

Canadkin Iie>;ord of Scienct.

3. Oryzopsis melanocaiu'a Miihl.— Woods north of
ridinj,' course. August.

' Milium L.

1. MiLir.M EFFi'suM L— Hill west of Mount Koyal
Cemetery giite. August.

MUHLENHKRGIA SCHREB.

1. Mi'iiLENnEimiA Me.xicana (L.) Trin.— Common on
Mount Jiovai. August.

2. MiHLKNHEiuwA RACEMosA (Miclix B.S.P. — Stivanne,
St. Michel. August, 1«07.

0. MiULEXHERGiA 8YLVATICA Torr. — I'ointe-aux-
Trenihles and Mount lioyal Park. August.

4 Mi'HLENnERdiA TENUIFLORA (Willd) B. S. 1*. — Bagg's
woods. August. liej)()rted l)y Holmes as agroatis tenui-
flora.

liRACHYELYTRUM BeAUV.

1. Brachyelytrum erectu.m (Sehreh) Beauv. — Hoche-
laga woods. June, lleported by Holmes as B. aristatiim.

riiLEiM L /

1. TiiLELM I'RATEXSE L. — Common. June and July.

Alopeuurus L. ,

1. Alopecurus GENicuLATirs L. — Swamps on Mount
Itoyal and Annex. July. Reported by Holmes.

CiNXA L.

1. CiNNA LATIFOLIA (Trev.) Griseb. (C. peiidula.) —
Swamp on Mount Jtoyal. July and August.

Agrostis L,

1. Agrostis ALBA L. — Common, June and July.

2. Agrostis alba vulgarls Thurber. — Connnon. June
and July

**im*

Graminerr, Ci/pcracra^Jttiiccura- of Muni real hlaml. 15

3. AoKosTis I'EUANNENS (Wiitt) Tuckcrm.— Swuiui) on
Mount Koviil. Auijiist.

4. AdUosTis iiYKMAl.is ( Wiitt), B S. I'. {A. scahra.)—
South mountain. An<,'u.st.

Calama(;ro.sti8 Adams.

1. CAI-AMAtJHOSTIsCANAPKNSIsfMicllx) liciUlV. (^r««f^<>

Cauadensk.) — Mount IJoyal. Auiju.sr.

2. Calamagrostis LvNcsnoKi-n (Link) Trin. (Anmdo
Langsdorfii) — Woods west of riding' course. August.

3. CALA.MA(;uosTisNK(ii-FXTA (Khrh.) Guert'i. (Anmdo
neglecta.) — Hochelaga woods. August.

HoLCUs L.

1. HoLcrs LANATlTs L— Montreal Junction. Augu.st.
JleporteU by Holmes as Ilierochloa borealis.

DESCirA.MI'^IA IJeauv.

1. Deschampsia flexuosa (L) Trin.— In Cemeteries
and on Mount Koyal. June and July.

Ahumexatheuum Ueauv.

1. Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Beauv. — Between
roiute-ttux -Trembles and Sault au Kecollet. June, 1894.

Dantiionia DC.

1. Dantiionia si'ICATa (L.) Beauv.— Abundant top of
Mount Iloyal and Cemeteries. June.

SrAUTINA Schreu.

1. Spartina CYNO.SUHOIDES (L.) Willd. — Pointe-au.x-
Trembles. August. Keported by Holmes.

Eaton I A iIav.

1. Eatonia I'ENNSYLVANICA (DC.) A. Gray. — Montreal
Junction. August. •

...V .

-«>«if iiaiiriiiiiiiiiir

16 Canadian Rccoi'd of Science.

Dactyms \..
1. Dactylih <:lomeuata L — Coimnon.

Cynosukus L

1. CYNOSuaus cui.sTATL's L. — IJaie. Aunust. l{ei)ortcHl
1)}' Holmes.

ToA L.

1. ToA ANNl'A L. — Conuiion oil roadsiiles, lawns. June
and July

2. PoA coMPHESSA L. — Common. Ji'.ne and July.

'^. PoA ruATEXHis L— Common. July and August.
Reported l)y Holmes.

4. PoA THiviALis L — Hocheluga bank and JJagg's
woods. August.

5. PoA NEMOHALis L. — Mouut Iioyal Park and Lachine.
August.

G. PoA FLAVA L. {P. scrotina.) — Connnon in many
places. Keported by H(jlmes as P. scrotina.

7. POA DEiui.i.s Torr. — Bagg's woods. August.

8. PoA ALSODES A. Gray. — Swamp north of riding
course. August.

Ghai'IIEPHorum Desv.

1. GRAi'HEriiOHL'M MELicoiDEUM (Miclix) Beauv.—
Hochelaga woods. August, 1897.

Paniculakia Fahu. {Glyceria.)

1. 1'axiculauia Canadensis (Michx) Kuntze. {Gly-
ceria Canadensis.) — Common. Keported by Holmes as
Poa Canadensis.

2. Paniculakia elongata (Torr.) Kuntze. {Glyceria
elongata.) — Common in woods. June and July. .

3. Paniculakia nekvata (Willd) Kuntze. {Glyceria
nervata.) — Common. Keported by Holmes as Poa nervafa.

4. Paniculakia Amekicana (Torr.) MacM. {Glyceria

• v',ri»'- I

(I'mniineo; Ci/perarca: Jitncacur of Montreal hland. 17

grandis.) — In wet pluccs. ('oumiDii. lkU|K>rlc(l by Holmes
118 1\hi ntjHutica.

5. pANKun.AUiA PALLIDA (ToiT.) Kuiitzc. {(ilycfria
pallida.) — South niountiiiii. A»ij,MiHt.

G. I'ANirn.AUiA FM'iTANS (L.) Kuiit/e. {Glycrria
fluilaiis.) — MuihIi, L(»<,'(in's rurk. Au<j;u8t.

Fkstuca L.

1. Fkhtuca ocTOFLoitA Wiitt. — Soutli mountain.
Augtist.

2. FKSTrcA oviNA fi. — (Jommon.

3. Fkstica oviNA huuHscLLA (L) Hack. — Cemetery
path. .July.

4. Festuca scAUUKi.i.ATorr.— Soutlnnountain. August,
f). F'estica ef.atiok L. — l?n<:g's woods. August.

l)K()Mi;s L.

1. lluoMUS CILIATUS L — Mount lloyal Tark, near
upper reservoir. August.

2. Bkdmus asi'KU Murr. — Mount Koyal Park, near
riding course. August.

, 3. IJnoMus STERiLis L. — Cote des Neiges road. August,
1897.

4. BHO.MUS Kalmii A. Gray.— Mount Royal Park, near
upper reservoir. August.

5. liHOMUs SECALINUS L— Ceuietery and Mount Koyal.
August, 1897.

LOLII'M L

1. LOLIUM I'EUENNE L. — Mount Koyal Cemetery.
August. Keported by Holmes.

Agropyuon J. Gaertn.

1. Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. — Too common.

2. Agropyron violaceum (Hornem) Vasey. — South
mountain. August.

• imrnkmn

18

Canadian Jiecord of Science.

3. A(iRorYRON CANiNiJM (L) K. & \i. — Mouiit Itoyal
Park. August.

HOHDKUM L.

1. HoKDEiJM JUBATiJM L, — Wostmouiit, Poiute-aux-
Trembles. July, lieported by Ilulnies.

Klymuh L

1. Elymi's stkiatk.s Willd. — Mount lioyal Park.
Augu.st.

2. Klymus Vihcinicus L. — Mount lloysil Park, near
upper reservoir. Auj^ust.

3. Elymih Ca.naden'.sis I, — Sault an llecollet. Sep-
tember, 1897.

4. Elymuh (rLAUCUsHuckl. — South nvmntain. Au«,'H.st.

5. Elyml's auenakm's L. — Shore of St. Lawrence,
Point St. Charles. .July, 1896.

Hystuix Moen( h. (Asprella.)

1. Hysthix Hystimx (L) Millsp. (Asprella Hyatrix.)
Common, lleported by Holmes as Elymas hysiriv.

CYPERACK/E J. St. HIL.
I. CYPEUU.S TOUKN.

1. Cyi'EUUs DIANDUU8 Torr. — Point St. Charles. August,
1897.

2. Cyi'EKUS Ksculentus L — Cote St. Paul. August,

1897.

3. Cyperus Strigosus L. — Lachine. September, 1897.

i

DuLiciiiUM L.C. Richard.

1. DULICHIU.M arundinacel'M (L) Pritton. — liiver St.
Pierre. August, 189G.

li.iallitiiM*' ^' '^itif^

i

Oraminor, Cyperacen\Jancaceo of Montrtal Island. ID

Klko«maih.s U. Hu.

1. Eleochauih ovata (Kotli.) \l & S. — llochulagu,
Cote St. l*jml iiiul Aimex.

2. Eleocuauis I'ALUSTttls (L) K. & S. — Coiumon every-
where.

3. Klkoi'IIAkis acutlahih (L) 11. «& S. — Common in
Hwumps.

4. KLKoCHARIft TENl'ls (WilM) Scliultes. — Hoclielaj,'il
woods, Vo'uil St. Clmrles. .luiic, IKOG.

5. Klkociiahis acuminata (Muhl.) Xees. — Mount
lloyal Turk. Augu.st, 1897.

STBNOI'IIYLI.US JiAF.

1. StenoI'HYLLUs cai'II-LAUIs (L.) Hritton. (Fiwhris-
tylvt capiUariH.) — Point St. Charles. Angu.st, I.S97.

SciiU'is L.

1. Sciupus Ameiucanl'h I'ers. — Point St. Clmrles.
July, 1890. (Dr. Holmes.)

2. Sciurii.s LACUSTius L — llochelaga hank and St.
Pierre Kiver, June, 1895.

3. SciKl'UM FLUViATiLis (Torr.) A. CJray. — Hochelaga
woods. July, 1897.

4. Sciitrus ATUOVIHEXS Muiil. — Common everywhere.

5. SciRPUs MicKocAUi'U.s Presl. — Swauip above riding
course. August, 1896.

. 6. SCIHPU8 Cvi'EKiNUS (L.) Kuntli. — Swamp above
riding course. September, 1897.

7. SciRi'US Cyi'EUINL'.s Eiuoi'HouiM (Michx) Ihitton. —
Swamp, Poiute-aux-Trembles. September, 1890.

EUIOI'HORU.M L I

• 1. Eriophorum vaginatum L. — Hochelagu woods.
August, 1897. ' .

2. Eriophorum polvstachyon L. — Pointe-aux-Trembles.
August, 1890.

^^^a^'v.

20

Canadian liecoi'd of Science.
Carex L.

1. Cahex intu.mescens liudge.— Mount Royal, Mile
End, St. MIeliel. May.

2. Cauex luitlina Muhl.— Montreal Annex, Co(e St.
Paul, Hochelaga bank.

3. Carkx t'tkicclata lioott.— Marsii in Hochelaga
woods and Bagg's woods. August, 189G.

4. Cauex monile Tuckerni.— Marsh at Pointe-aux-
Trenibles, August, 1897.

5. Carex Tl:ckekmani Dewey.— Mountain swamp.
June. 1894.

6. Carex retrorsa Schwein.— Mountain swamps and
Annex.

7. Carex lurida rarvula (Paine) liailey. (C. tenta-
culata, var. parvida.) — Laciiine. July, 1896.

8. Carex hystricina Muhl.— Mount Royal, Hochelaga
woods. June, 1894.

9. Carex Pseudo-Cyperus L— Mount Royal and Mile
End. June, 1894.

10. Carex comosa Boott. {G. Fseudo-Ci/jm-us, var.
^??u'rtmMa.)— Pointe-aux-Trembles. September, 1897.

11. Carex a-u.stata R. Br. {0. trichocarpa, var. aris-
^a^Ifl.)— Savanne, St. Micliel. July, 1896.

12. Carex riparia Curtis.— Shore of St. Lawrence,
Verdun. August, 1897.

13. Carex lanuginosa Michx. (FUiformis, var.
latifolia.) — Mount Royal, Annex, Hochelaga.

14. Carex stricta Lam.— Aqueduct, Cote St. Paul,
Lachine. June, 1895.

15. Carex stricta angustata (Boott) Bailey.— Hoche-
laga woods. August, 1896.

16. Carex stricta xerocarpa (S. H. Wright) Britton.
— Bagg's woods. September, 1897.

17. Carex Haydeni Dewey. (C. stricta, var. decora:}
— Hochelaga swamp. July, 1896. '

(J

I

i III iiilo

■M..A.

}

OramiiHW, Cyi)eraceo',Jvvcacr(v of Montrful Is/and. 21

18. C'AREX AQUATir^is Wiilil. — Swaiiip iiciir ]>iu'k liiver.
August, 1897.

19. Cakex Goodknovii J. Guy. (C. vidffaris.) — Licliiiio.
July. Itoported l»y Dr. Holmes as 0. vulgaris.

20. Cakk.x I'RASINA Wiilil. — Hoclieliijfa hank. Jtme,
1807.

21. Cakex crinita Lam. — Mount Koyal, St. Anne's,
Hoelielaj^a.

22. Carex gynandra Schvvein. — Woods at St. Michel,
.luly, 1.S97.

23. Carex praoillfma Schwein. — Common.

24. Carex Davi.sii Schwein. — Mount IJoyal. July.
Rejtorted by C. F. McCrea.

25. Carex arctata IJoott. — ]\Tount Royal, Ho(!helasa,
Westmount, St. Aniui'.s.

20. Carex arctata Faxoni Baihsy. — Hochela<,M woods.
June, 1897.

27. Carex tenits ]lud«.,'e. (6\ dehilis, var. Jludgci.) —
Bang's W(»o(ls. July, 1890.

28. Cai£EX graxularis Muhl. — Common in many
places.

29. Carex flava L— Mile End and Montreal Annex.
June, 1895.

80. Carex !'ALr.ES(;ENs L. — Mount lloyal. May and
June, 1895.

31. Carex IIitchcockiana Dewey. — Near ridin*,'
course, June, 1895.

32. (.'AREX laxiklora Lam. — Mount Hoyal and Mile
End. iieported hy Dr. Holmes.

3.".. Carex laxifloka hlanda (Dewey) Boott. — Mount
Royal and Hochela«fa. May, 1895.

34. Carex Ai-hi-rsixa Sheldon. (C laxijlora, var.
ZaC (■/«//■«.)— Mount Royal. May, 1895.

35. Carex plantaginea Ltim. — Sides of Mount Royal.
May, 1895.

30. Carex platyi'HVLLA Carey. — North mountain.
Reported by Holmes and McCrea.

X

^^igngn^^^

I

22

CanadiMn liecard of Science.

37. Cauex aurea Null.— Mount Koyal and Cote St.
Paul. May and June, 1805.

38. Cauex pedunoulata Muhl.— Mount Koyal and
Westniount, 1894. l{e])orted by MeCrea.

39. Cauex pedicellata (Dewey) Jiritton. (C. com-
munis.)—Momxt Koyal, Westniount, St. Anne's.

40. Cauex pedicellata Wheeleui (Bailey) Kritton.
{C commanis, var. Wheelcri.)

41. Cauex Pennsylvanica Lam.— Common in Mount
Koyal Park. May.

42. Cauex Vauia Muhl.— Common on Mount Koyal.
Keported by Dr. Holmes.

43. Cauex Nov.k Angli.k Schwein.— Hochelaga bank.
June, 1897.

44. Cauex umbellata Sehk.— Mount Koyal Park and
Cemetery. May, 1895.

45. Cauex pubescens Muhl— Mount Koyal. Kare.
1894.

40. Cauex leptalea Wahl. (C. pobjtrkhoides.)--
Swamp ou Mount Koyal. May, 1894.

47. Cauex choudouiiiza L.— I'.og, Hochelaga woods.
August, 1896.

48. Carex stipata Muhl.— Cote St. Paul and Mount
Koyal. Fairly common. June.

49. Cauex teuetiuscula Gooden.— Lachine. July,
1897.

50. Cauex vulpinoidea Michx.— Common. Reported
by Holmes and McCrea.

51. Carex tenella Schk. — Swamps on Mount Koyal.

52. Cauex rosea Schk. — Common Mount Koyal.

53. Cauex spauganioides Muhl.— Near riding c(jurse.
June, 1895.

54. Cauex ceimiai.ophoua Muhl.— Mount Koyal, Mile
End and Westniount.

^yo. Cauex steuilis Willd. (C. cchinata, var. mkro-
s/acAys.)— Common. Keported by Holmes as C. scirpoides-

I

Gratninea;, Ci/peraeecn, Juncn^-err of Montreal Island. 2

56. Carex canescens L. — Swamps on Mount Ivoyiil.
June, 1894.

oT. Carex F(KNEA Willd — Mountain swamp. July,
1897.

53. Carex texuiflora Wahl. — Lachine swamp. July,

1897.

59. Carex Deweyana Schwcin. — Mount Itoyal. Fairly
abmidant. lieported by Holmes and MeCrea.

60. Carex bromoides Schk. — Hochehiffa bank swanij).
June, 1896.

61. Carex TRIBULOIDES Wahl.— Cote St. Taul, Lachine,
Ba£»g'.s woods. July.

62. Carex scoparia Schk. — Mount lloyal, Hochelagn.
Lachine. August.

63. Carex cristatella Britton. (C. fribidoidcs, var.
cristata.) Cote St. Paul. August, 1896.

64. Carex auusta Boott.— Montreal Annex. July,
1897.

65. Carex stra.minea Willd.— Hochelaga, Lachine.
June, 1896.

66. Carex texera Dewey. {C. straminca, var. apcrta.)
— Hochelaga Ijank. June, 1897.

67. Carex festucacea Willd. (C. straminea, var.
brevior). — Mount lloyal. -Tune, 1897.

(The following were omitted in their })roper i)Iaces in
the list.)

68. Carex Hartii Dewey.— Mount Koyal, Montreal.
July, 1897.

69. Carex redowskyana C. A Mever.

JUNCACKJ": VKNT.

I. JUXCLS L.

1. JuNcus EFFUsr.s L.— Mount Koyal and Point St.
Charles. July, 1895.

24

Canadian Record of Science.

2. JuNCUS Balticus Willd. — Point St. Cliarles.
August, 1897.

3. JuNCUS BUFONius L. — Not rare.

4. JuNC'o TENUIS Willd. — Common.

5. JuNCUS DiciiOTOMUS Ell. — Lachine. August, 1897.

6. JuNCUS MARGINATUS Kostk. — Lachiue. September,
1897. ' . ^

7. JuNCUS STYGius L. — St. Michel, Savanne, 1897.

8. JuNCUS AiiTiciJLATUS L — Rockfleld. July, 1897.

9. J UNCUS KiCHAKDSONiANUs Schultes. — {AlpinuLs, var.
insignis.) — Mount Jioyiil. 1896.

10. JuNCUs NODOSUS L. (Var. gemunua.) — Mount
Koyal, 1894.

11. JuNCUs Canadensis J. Gay. — Pointe-aux-Trembles.

12. J UNCUS Canadensis krevicaudatus
(Var. coarctatm.) — Hochelaga bank, 1897.

Engelm.

II. JuNCoiDES Adans. (LiiziUa, D C.)

1. JuNCOiDES I'lLosuM (L.) Kuntze. (Luzida vernalis.)
— Mount Royal Cemetery. 189G.

2. JUNCOIDES CAMPESTRE (L.) Kuntze. (Luzula cam-
pcstris.) — Mount Royal Cemetery, 1895.

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