^, ^^"^5. O/-^^^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I ■^121 ■2.5 IK IL25 HU Its 1 2.0 1.6 6" Hiotographic Sciences Corporation 4s %%J^ 33 WIST MAIN STRiET WCBSTfll,N.Y. 14SS0 (716)872-4503 T^ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICIVIH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques k Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, wliich may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checiced below. 0 D 0 D D Coloured covers/ Couverture de couleur I I Covers damaged/ Couverture endommag6e Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restaur^ et/ou pellicul6e Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque I I Coloured maps/ Cartes g^ographiques en couleur 0 Coloured init (i.e. other than blue or biacit)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) I I Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ Reli6 avec d'autres documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion aloog interior margin/ La re liure serr^e peut causer de I'ombre ou da la distortion le long de la marge int6rieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omiued from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajout6es lore d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque ceia dtait possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6t6 film^es. Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppl6mentaires: L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-Atre uniques du P'jint de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite. ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la methods normala de filmage sont indiqute ci-dessous. I I Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur Pages damaged/ Pages endommagdes Pages restored and/oi Pages restaurdes et/ou pellicuides Pages discoloured, stained or foxe< Pages d6color6es, tachat^es ou piqu6es Pages detached/ Pages ddtachdes Showthrough/ Transparence Quality of prir Quality in6gale de I'impression Includes supplementary materii Comprend du materiel suppiimentaire Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible Th to I I Pages damaged/ I I Pages restored and/or laminated/ I I Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ I I Pages detached/ r~p^ Showthrough/ I I Quality of print varies/ I j Includes supplementary material/ I I Only edition available/ T» PC of fil Oi ba th •h ot fir Si( or D Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc.. ont 6t6 fiimdes d nouveau de fagon d obtenif la meilleure image possible. Th sh Til wl Ml dif en be rig re( m< This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checiced below/ Ce document est filmi au taux de reduction indiquA ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X I 7 12X 16X • 20X 24X 28X 32X 1 iT The copy filmed here hes been reproduced thenke to the generosity of: IMatropolitan Toronto Library Canadian History Department L'exemplaire filmA fut reproduit grAce A la gAnArositA de: Metropolitan Toronto Library Canadian History Department The images appearing here are the best quality poseibie considering the condition end legibility of the original copy and In keeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies In printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustratad Impres sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or Illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. Les images suivantes ont 6ti reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et de la nettetA de l'exemplaire film*, at en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmag*. Les exempiaires originaux dont la couvarture en papier est imprimAe sont fiimis en commen9ant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la dornlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second plat, salon le cas. Tous Iss autres exempiaires originaux sont filmAs en comment ant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration rt en terminant par la dernlAre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol — ^> (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Un des symboles suivants apparaftra sur la dernlAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbols V signifie "FIN ". Maps, plates, charts, etc.. may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included In one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre fil.nAs A des taux de r6duction diff6rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est filmi d partir de Tangle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mithode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 4 5 6 * ». it>'>,it hAe> SMc^ V eg lb Fria 6 Feiue l^Sih: Ill 1 I ■iiiiiaiiiiiiiii :'-""^^ ^>i,j;->« ; ',' . ; ;* I I if i 1 '•y ■'■. *>*.-\: ^iMiJ, 188 5. F tLfMTNOUaf _ 1 \ \ .r\ H' 7N ■■;'^'-- ■"■ :^-^\ , f X' :r tNv..,--, V •"^ X.. ■ /- /' H S 0 -r' 1' ( ^^mum^'f' mii^u-' ym'Hmm,^}' ■«Mm^mippip«ww«ipwifiiiiiw>"jiiii' •'! ._ 1 T H E \ SETTLER AND SPORTSMAN IIT :^' >... V -., . 'ii", '?,>V, ANTICOSTI. i\ V.x'-'-x /- /' H T i I LONDON: PjUMKl) IIY MoilKlS & Co., 8, riilLl'OT LaNE, Cll'V. 1885. w 9/7./- ■ I ipili|i||j,JW I isr JD E :?c. PART I. Chapter l.-INTUODUCTORV IIKMAUKS .. Area iind Population—Geology — Physical Features — Climate — HaibourH and projected Public Works Coiumunieations. Cluipter II. -AOllICULTUUAL CAPAHILITU'S Cultivable Area — Chaiati-jiisticH of Soil — Farm and Garden Produce— Opinions of resident Settlers. Chapter III. STOCK-UAISINO AND KANCHES Pasturi; Lands Water facilities— Shelter for Leasts- Canadian Cattle Tnidc —Superior advantages in Anticosti for Stock-raising — Proximity to English Market. Chapter I'/.-TIMBEU .. Vaiictics of commercial Timber— Tlieir location— Water-power — Saw Mills. Chapter v.— FISHERIES Varieties of Fish : Crustaceiu, Molluscs— Prolilic Fishing Grounds -Annual lltsort of Fishing Fleets- Scaling — Fish Oil--Fish Guano. Chapter VI.— MINERALS Auriferous Lodes— Silver- Lead- Iron— Vast Peat Deposits — Marl— Gypsum- Salt Springs —Marbles— Lithographic Stone— Limestones. PART II. THE SPORTSMAN AND ANGLER. General Review Wildfowl Mr. J. J. Rowan, on Sport in Autieosti The Angler . . The Island Sporting Club Appendix — List of Wildfowl that breed in Anticosti i'AUt 6 7 11 18 21 22 21 26 ;i2 3.J 36 as T PREFACE. HEN ono considers the energy witli wliicli during past years the various provinces of the Dominion of Canada, both coUectivelv and individually, have advocated their interests among the emigrating classes and the capitalists of tliis country, it is perliaps not a matter for surprise tliat the material, but unsupported, claims of Anticosti for recognition, should have been passed by. This inaction has been principally due to the circumstances surrounding tlie ownership of the island, which was vested, until recently, in the hands of absentees, who also for m.any other reasons were unable to cope with the magnitude of the operations necessary for its proper and full development. With the transfer of the island to the present energetic and far sighted proprietors, who ha\e thus become perhaps the largest private landholders in the Empire, an era of progress is at length about to dawn in the history of Anticosti, and the raisoii d etre for this brochure^ the first of the kind that has appeared, is to remove the ignorant and false impressions which exist in regard to the resources of that island, and by means of an impartial record of actual ascertained facts respecting those resources, to permit of a comparison, on its merits, of the economic position of the Island of Anticosti, with the other and better known portions of the Dominion of Canada. London, Aprilf 1885, w *X ' ■' ANTIC08TI. PART I. ClIArTER T. GENERAL REVIEW. Anticosti is an island lying' directly in the mouth of the St. Lawrence, between the 49th and 50th parallels of north latitude, — nearly the same as northern France, — and 61 degrees 54 minutes to 64 degrees 30 minutes west longitude. It is about 140 miles long, with an average breadth of 27^ miles, and comprises a territorial area of more than 8,850 square miles, or about 2,500,000 acres, possessing a population of about 1,000 souls. Anticosti is thus upwards of one- quarter larger than Prince Edward's Island, which is a province of the Dominion, with its own Legislature, and a population of 100,000 inhabi'tants. Anticosti was first granted by the Crown of France in 1630 to one Louis Joliet, for services rendered to the Government, but after the conquest of Canada by Great Britain it passed into the hands of wealthy families mostly residing abroad, who have ever since by succession retained the proprietorship, neglecting to take any measures for its development, and refusing all offers of purchase that had been made by persons aware of its natural resources until last year, when this great seagirt I \' ' u 8 " lot " came into tlic market for unreserved sale, and was boiifrht by Mr. F. W. Stockwell, an enterprising resident of Quebec, Avell known in England, who has since been joined by a relative, Mr. T. G. Stockwell, the eminent surgeon, of Bath, England. Anticosti is under the laws of Canada, forming a part of tlie Province ot Quebec ; a Judg(! holds a Court at certain times, and arv armed steamer calls frequently at the island to arrange any difficulties which may have arison. This island domain, in its own ring-fence of sparkling seas, possesses in itself all the resources of a free state ; the timber of its forests is known all along the fertile shores of the St. Lawrence : its mineral wealtli has already made some fortunes, and is capable of making others, given the ])roper application of capital and energy, while with regard to its fisheries, it goes liand-in-hand with Newfoundland, and the waters surrounding its shores are held to be the safest and the most prolific fishing grounds in the world. Tiie Geological structure of Anticosti consists of a deposit of argillaceous limestone, 2,300 feet in thickness, regularly stratified, in nearly horizontal and perfectly conformable beds. All the facts tend to show that these strata were accumulated in a quiet sea in uninterrupted succession during that period in which the upper part of the Hudson river group, the Oneida conglomerate, the Medina sandstone, and the Clinton group, were in the course of being deposited in that part of the palaeozoic ocean now constituting the State of New York, and its soil is similar to that of the fine arable land of the south-western portion of Ontario, and Genessee County in the State of New York. The fossils of the middle portion of the % J> e, and was resident of I joined by a n, of Butli, part of tlie ftain times, to arrange r sparklinn^ state ; tlie lores of the nade some tlie proper ?ard to its d, and the St and tlie a deposit , regularly lable beds. ;cumulated ;hat period the Oneida on group, art of the evv York, nd of the ity in the tion of the rocks of Antlcosti Turnish us with the materials for connecting the Hudson river group with the Clinton by beds of passage, containing some of the characteristic fossils ot" botli formations. An extensive collection of interesting fossils from the island are now in the Geological Museum at Montreal. The northern portion of Anticosti claims the highest altitude, which ranges from 400 to 600 feet, — the coast line being abrupt and precipitous, — and has a uniform gentle slope to the south. Tills fact, taken in connection with its southern aspect from sunrise almost to sunset, jioints unmistakeably to the conclusion, which is also a fact, that the island from an agricultural point of view has everything in its favour to make it a country in which vegetables and cereals can be rapidly raised. Tho climate of Anticosti is healthy and invigorating The atmosphere is pure and clear. The residents are robust in person and florid in complexion like English people. The winters are less severe than those of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Quebec and Ontario, and this fact has been repeatedly confirmed by eminent authorities. The sea moderates the heat in summer and the cold in winter, and rapid changes are unknown. Vegetation progresses rapidly, and crops come to perfection in good season. The principal harbours of Anticosti are English Bay, Ellis Bay, Fox Bay, and South West J^oint, all of which are well protected and possess good anchorage ground. It is proposed to connect these various points by a railway, and as the surface of the island offers no engineering difficulties the cost should be small. In connection with this matter, and also the deepening of one or two of the harbours for the admission of the largest fl! !!! !t hi i\ if hi 111 1(1 steamers, the J)ominion (jlovernment is expected, as in previous cases in other parts of Canada, to offer substantial aid. Anticosti is connected with the mainland by the tilectric wire, and communication witli the island is very easy ; the mail packet from Gaspe calls at the principal places about once a week, and with favourable winds there are almost daily arrivals and departures from (laspo, Quebec, and the maritime provinces. During eleven months in the year connection with this island continues uninterrupted, and it is only in March, when the ice is running out of the St. Lawrence, that the passage across is at all dangerous. Anticosti differs in this particular from Prince Edward's Island, which is shut off from the outer world for six months in the year. Exposed as Anticosti is to the full current of the St. Lawrence, and owing also to the action of tlic tides, the water is always open during the most severe seasons. jf, Anticosti, thus, from its position, which is only about six days' steam from the coast of England (2,191 miles from Liverpool), and its varied natural resources, possesses all those important advantages which go to make it a desirable place of settlement for a hardy class of people, who in a few years with ordinary economy should possess a comfortable home, and attain a degree of independence, and even affluence, which they could never have hoped for in the land of their birth. :!i .•*:■ 11 (iH HI previous aid. J the tilectric ry easy ; the 5 about once a daily arrivals me provinces. itli this island when the ice >e across is at ' from Prince world tor six le full current of the tides, easons. 30ut six days' I Liverpool), >se important of settlement dth ordinary tain a decree could never Chapter II. AGRTCULTURAL RESOURCES. We have it on the authority of Sir William Logan, the eminent Geologist, who made only a very superficial examination of Anticosii, in 1856, that upicards of 1,000,000 acres in Anticosti Avere composed of soil of the. very best quality jor agricultural purposes. More complete and more recent investigations have fixed the agricultural area of the island at over 2,000,000 acres. The language used in the official report of 1857 is : — " It is on such rocks in such conditions and with such altitudes that the best soils of the western Peninsula of Canada West are placed as well as the Genesee County in the State of New York. I have seen nothing in the actual soil as it exists to induce me to suppose that in so far as soil is considered ' Anticosti ' will be anything inferior to these regions." Under these favorable conditions therefore, of climate and soil, one can readily conceive the large variety of cereals, roots, and vegetables, that are being raised at the present time by the limited population of the island ; the cereals comprise barley, oats and rye, which would not suff'er by comparison Avith the produce of the best farming districts of the North American Continent. Wheat ripens readily. Melons, cucumbers, tomatoes, potatoes, cabbages, broccoli, turnips, peas, beans and indeed all the vegetables which grow in England arrive at the highest state of perfection. As regards fruits — currants, raspberries, strawberries, gooseberries, clierries, &c., are raised in the gardens, and countless species of berries are found in profusion throughout the island. I I; 12 "VVe cannot do bettor than insert licre a few statements by farmers wlio have been living in Anticosti ibr many years, and whose testimony as to its agriculturnl and other capal)iIitieH, dictated by experience, must be achnittcd to be oi' the greatest value. A resident at English liay slates, under date Sept., LSSl : — " The soil is a dark ridi vooetablo moiiltl, and is easily ■worked with a spade. Many of the erops are raised elop(> down to the heaeh, and the soil even there where it is mixed largely with shingle thrive well. Further back in the interior the soil is entirely a deep rich mould, easily turned up with a stick, but tlie selllers keep to the shore on account of most of them being engaged in fishing, and the fanningwork being done mostly by the women during the fishing season. "Wheat, rye, barley, oats, and Indian com, grow and eome to perfection on the island. Spring wheat grown at English ]?ay in vcri/^fino, averaging 5ft. in the straw, with largo full heads : oat straw averages Oft. (iin. ; field auu garden produce do well, such as beans, beet, cabbage, carrots, cauli- flowers, celery, lettuce, mangold, melons, onions, parsley, parsnips, peas, potatoes, pumpkins, radishes, rhubarb, tomato, turnips ; potatoes grow to great perfection. My neighbour, Mr. John Wright, upon one occasion, raised 50 barrels from one ban'el of seed, and this year my next door neighbour, Mr. Thos. Le Brun, had 100 barrels from 2i barrels of seed. Tobacco, hops, and sarsaparilla also grow finely, I have raised G pounds of hops from one pole, and of quality superior to those from Quebec. The grasses, clover, timothy, and wild grasses do well ; also flax, hemp and sugar cane. Some fruits grow wild, such as strawberries, cranberries, blueberries, apple, mountain ashberry, crow- berry, gooseberr}', currants, cherries and hazel nuts — these are all wild, no attempt has been made to cultivate them, but I am certain a/l the Canadian fruits would thrice well and ahmdanthj. Cattle and animals for domestic use thrive well, viz., oxen, cows, slieep, pigs and hoises ; ducks, geese, and other poultry can be raised easily. We never keep the fires going at night. / do not believe the hay of any country can surpass that of Anticosti, and no doubt an immense business could be 13 Htatcmcnts l>v many years, 3r capabilities, 0 be of the iept., 1881 :— ily Avorkotl with tho bench, mid gh> tlirive welb ep rieli moukl, 0 tlio shoro on 10 fnrniingwoik !ason. Wheat, ■feet ion on tlie averaging 5ft. ()in.; fieklancl carrots, cauli- parsnips, peas, potatoes grow ^ht, upon one 1 tliis year my rrels from 2^^ 2;row finely, I ity superior to vild grasses do ^ wild, such as shborry, crow- e are all wild, certain a/l the 3 and animals and liorses; Jq never keep vy country can Qess could bo done in hay-i)rcasiug for export. We have a district school with 50 scholars. When I first came to English Bay thoro wore only 4 families and 7 buildings ; — uonv thoro aro 47 families numbering about 500 persons. The last (census taken by tho Government returns 860 as tho whole population of the island — it now amounts to about 1,000." A resident at Fox JJay writen under date Sept., 1881 : — " I can corroborate tho statoments as to tho growth of grain, root crops, and garden produce — my opportunities of knowing the resoui'ccs of tho island are very ample, having been more in the interior of tho island than any other man. I was the first person to cross from Fox Bay to South Point, and opened tho first road between those points through tho woods. The Avheat I sowed last spring and cut last fall was equal ill quantity and quality to any n/icat that could be raised anywhere. Any ai-ticlo of garden produce that grows in any part of Canada thrives well and vigorously bore. I never knew of any failure owing to any defect of soil or tomperatm'o in tho island. The island could be made entirely nicadowland if desired, as all tho grasses required for cattle grow luxuriantly whore cultivated — and the natural grasses grow everywhere and are of tine (piality and retain their juicy properties during the whole season. Timothy clover and blue joint grass grow to wonderful perfection, and from tho nature of the soil possess tho finest (jualities for grazing and fattening cattle. I have raised wheat spring and fall ; rye, barley, oats, buckwheat and Indian corn with success, and Avithout the trouble that frequently attends farming (operations. 1 never tried any yarden produce that failed in Us results. There is no ordinary vegetable grown in Canada that loouUl not grow here. Last year I pulled a turnip that tceighed lOlbs., another of lOlbs. AVild fruit of great variety aro abundant. Of building materials there is an abundance. Ten vessels from Prince Edward's Island visit tho island every year to load limestone for use as a fertilizer. Four-fifths of the island is covered loith limber, in many places beyond tho ordinary size. Lobsters abound all round 'he coast. I took one at Salmon Bay that weighed 10| lbs. I and 12 men killed with sticks dose upon tho sea shore one day on the ice near Fox Bay 1,G00 seals in about -4 hours, another man and a boy killed GOO in one day. In fact so valuable is 14 this braneli of tlio fishing tlint fifhoouurH suul Htoamora irom oulhiclij pliioeB conio hero speeially every season, and load up from (lio cateh they make. One steamer from Newfoundland took 4,000 feah abreast of Bear Bay in a few hours in the spring of 1874. All domestic iininials thrive well. The second year after the wreck of the '* Megantic," at Otter River, on the south side of the island, 1 heard that !) btiHlivh potatoes. One seed potato dropped by accident yielded 44 potatoes. The sehoonor *' Hnowdrop " haded at Avost end of island nit/i potatoes for (iuebee last spring ; the potato rot or bug has never boon known on tho island, and no rust has eter appeared on the ijrain. 1 have seen tobacco raised superior to that bought at tho stores in lluoboo. I raised from one picec of ground '2'^ by 17 yards, 12G bushe/s/inei/elloir sircde, as^fino as were ever sven ; and from another patch, .'J 1 by 7 yards, 1,000 //^w//< of remarkably fine eabha(je. (rrasses thrive well. There is any amount of wihl fruit. Building materials are plentiful. I out a pine (J feet on the stump, which produced some of the lumber used in the constmction of my Iiouho ; on the noi-tli side there are <\ bays full of alder. Valuable furs are f)btained, such as bear- skins; fox rod, grey, silver, white, cross, and black ; otter and marten. We have quantities ofijeese, duclc,plocer, partridye, eider duel,; uild piyeons, divers, snipe and woodcoek. The shores o'ul rivers abound withftsh, cod, herring, halibut, mackerel, sea and fresh water trout, eels, salmon, smelt and haddock. Lobsters arc cerij numerous, and could bo made a business of itself, as they aro very large, and tho suppli/ inexhaustible. >Seal.% porpoises and whales abound on tho coast ; If) vessels from Ef^quimeaux and Newfoundland have this spring /or»/«/ with seals. Korses and cows thrive well, as do poultry and pigs. When manure is used, it is supplied from the sea, in tho form of kelp and offal fish. The island abounds in fresh water springs and brooks ; and there is any amount of water power for driving mills, which aro much wanted. Tho snowfall in winter is not more than sullicient to protect the crops. 'J he cold in winter is to moderate, that our houses are never uncomfortable, although we kee[) no fires at night, and have no double windows or double doors. On lo Feb. ihore wan no no ice north of Anticosti, and my son sailed from my house at Salmon lli\ er to Fox Bay in an open boat. I generally pull my turnips in tho first week of November, and potatoes about tho first week in October." Ml". J. T. Wriglit, in iiis very interesting journal of a Voyat/e Round the Inland during the month of September, describes his n % ^■i Hi vltsits to the various ciiltiviitcd |iliict'H at Kllis liny, -lupitt'i' Uivcr, Strawberry Cove, West l*oint, En<^lisli I5ji}', Salmon Uivcr, Fox Hay, Jlcatli I'oitit, Cormorant Point, Soutli Point, South West Point, East IJay, &c., and to the farms of Mr. Pope, ^Ir. Melville, .Mr. Barnes, Mr. W. Wrij^ht, Mr. Ilaymond, Mr. McDonald, ^Ir. Alison, Mr. Xiekerson, Mr. 13aker, Mr. Johnson, Mr. (iajune, ('apt. Marshall, Mr. Bradley, ^Ir. Ch. Clarke, Mr. Thos. Muccy, Mr. (ioudreau, ('apt. Setter, and others, — he coiijinns in every respect the statements before referred to — and reports eonvcrsations with residents, from whom he "gathers that the oidy eneouraj^ement recpiired for this complete development of the island is the establishment of mills and markets, lie savs that in ilie interior anv amount of jirain could be raised. Finely as the crops grow on the shore they would be heavier in the bush. Mr. \Vm. Wright informed him in relijrence to the soil of the island, that a })iece back from his iield on the beach he had driven a stick down into the vegetable mould at least 4 feet ivitliout touehine,/6'iV/< its meadow lands and ^Uleeply icooded interior^ — its vast sizeis very impressive, although "the view only takes in tiie width of one of the ends of the " island." Capt. ^larshall, at Cormorant Point, informs Mr. Wright he clack faced of which fit will bo 3sed line of o develop handled to irs can be II stages of rs for the ivharves. CiiAPTEU ly. TIMiJEU. The commercial timber resources of Anticoati cannot of course compare with those of the neighbouring mainland of Quebec. A considerable proportion of the territorial area of the island is covered with valuable forests, which will not fail to be of great use in good time in connection with the contemplated railway construction, piers, and public Avorks generally, besides shipbuilding, and many other purposes which will be readily discovered by the future population ; on the southern coast the timber growth is small and scrubby, but it is in the middle, northern and north western sections of the island that the finest sticks arc met with — white spruce, 40 to 80 feet high, large enough -"or a schooner of 600 tons ; pine, 60 to 80 feet ; white and yellow birch, 20 to 50 feet ; a species of larch, called juniper, of sufficient size to form a schooner's keel; balsam lir, small, but abundant — groves of this timber are stated to exist north of Ellis Bav, some of the trees beinjj 3 feet in diameter, by over 100 feet high — poplar is met with in groves, cedar trees also grow on the island, and the presence of alder trees, which grow to an unusually large size, shew that the soil is particularly good for timber. Water power is abundant in all parts of the island, and easily rendered available for saw mills, and other industries requiring cheap motive power. 1 i 1 1 M ' i ii : 1,^ i ; 1 J 1 ■i I i 1 ^ i > ' 1 . IS: '■ : ■ - i'i 22 ClIAPTEU Y. F I S II ^. R I E S . As has ulready been observed in the opening chapter, Anti- costi is situated in the centre of the finest fishing grounds of the world. An idea may be formed of the vast development of which they are susceptible when it is stated that Prince Edward Island, which, in comparison with Anticosti, has but indifferent advantages in this particular, took from its inshore fisheries in 1882, fish to the value of over $2,000,000. Indeed the value of the fisheries around the island can hardly be imagined. They consist of deep sea, inshore and river fisheries, the first-named being entirely neglected. Whale, porpoise, cod, mackerel, salmon, herring, halibut, haddock, eels, as well as lobsters, oysters and shell fish generally, have for many years been most successfully caught along the coast and in the rivers and bays of the island by fishermen employed by capitalists from Europe, who have extensive establishments along the opposite coasts on the shores of the St. Lawrence. There cannot be a better proof of the importance of these fisheries than is offered by the large fleet of American vessels that annually frequent the island, -with their expensive outfits, some of them coming a distance of 800 — 1,000 miles. The number of such visitors might be indefinitely increased if it were possible to obtain on the island the necessaries of life regularly and in sufficient quantities. The needs of these fishery fleets would be enough to provide a large and remunerative market for farm produce to settlers on the island. n M 28 pter, Anti- rrounds of t of which !e Edward indifferent fisheries in he value of ed. They first-named mackerel, is lobsters, ^ears been rivers and alists from tie opposite In Spring, seals are exceedingly abundant, and are met with by thousandf: on the ice floes, and in the bays and more sheltered places on the coast among the ice. In 1879 a United States sealing schooner is reported to have taken 4,000 seals in two days, and large captures of these valuable animals are annually made in the neighbourhood. Here then is another of tlie many opportunities that exist on the island for the investment of capital in a profitable undertaking, and providing remunerative employment to a large body of men. On the rocks that run out into the sea the seals lie and bask by hundreds, and in May and June when the females have their young with them, generally two or three each, they can ()e readily shot. A large variety called locally " horse heads" as big as a heifer also abounds, and yields some 30 gallons of oil. The common seal yields five gallons, and its skin fetches some fifteen shillings on an average. A profitable industry might be created in the direction of manufacturing fish oil and fish guano out of the prodigious quantities of all kinds of fish that are cast up by the sea on the mud flats on the south shore. e of these vessels that tfits, some number of re possible regularly hery fleets ve market 24 Chai'ter VI. MINERALS. It is no wild dream to say that Anticosti bears every symi)toni of being a rich mineral metallic region, oftering great induce- ments to the introduction of capital and skilled labour for the exploration of its hidden treasures. Speaking of the geology of the island it may be remarked that the basis is fossiliferous limestone with encrinites. The rocks Avhich have been explored by that able geologist, Sir W. liOgan, have already been described. It would follow that auriferous lodes should be found in these groups, and their denudations, and that true veins, and inter-stratified lodes or beds Avill also be of occurrence. Copper has already been found, and probably iron and lead will follow. In 1712 the French opened a silver mine on the south side of the island, which was a most productive venture. One of the greatest sources of future prosperity of Anticosti will be its innnense peat beds, without a doubt the most extensive on the North American Continent. Sir William Logan, in his geological report of 18o3, says : — " Along the low lands on the south coast of tlie island, from Heath Point to within eight or nine miles of South West Point, a continuous plain covered witli peat extends for upwards of eighty miles with an average breadth of two miles ; thus giving a superficies of more than one hundred and sixty square miles. The thickness of the peat was from three to ten feet, and it appears to be of excellent quality. The height of this plain may be on an average, fifteen feet above high ivater mark, and it coidd be easily drained and loorked^ In addition to the conversion of peat into charcoal by submitting it to a low red heat, substances of great commercial 25 symj)tom it incluce- ir for the c geology ssiliferous explored I'ddy been found in ue veins, ccurrence. i lead will the south ire. Anticosti the most I, says : — und, from est Point, )wards of us giving ii'e miles. t, and it )lain may d it could I'coal by aimercial value, such as naptha, bitumen, salts of ammonia, lignole, fine oils for lubricating machinery, &c., can be won by well-known processes from the peat during the operatioiiS. Xear south-west point, and other points on the south coast, large salt ponds or springs exist, which might be turned to good account in the manufacture of salt, for which there is a jifreat market in Canada. It is moreover well known that salt manufactured from salt ponds is most valuable in curing fish. It may thus become an article of commercial and local imi^ortance. Marl exists in beds of considerable thickness at the bottom of most of the shallow lakes, and gypsum, pure white, is available in quantities. Of both these minerals large quantities are fetched by the inhabitants of Prince Edward Island, from Anticosti, every year. Fossiliferous limestone, of a fine grain and color, and capable of taking a beautiful polish, so that it is deservedly classed under the head of marbles, exists in large quantities along the shore. Lithographic stone is also found in the island, and has been tested by experts with satisfactory results. Such, roughly s[)eaking, are the resources of Anticosti, which warrant its dcvelo[)meiit Avifhout further delay, and there is no doubt that an industrial, maritime, as well as agriculturul population, would do well on its shores. The Island of Anticosti, will be represented in the Canadian Section, at the Colonial and Indian Exhibition at South Kensington, in 1886, when samples of cereals, roots, vegetables and fruits raised in the island, from seeds supplied by Messrs. James Carter & Co., of High Holborn, London, together with specimens of the commercial food, fishes, and a large collection of specimens of the important minerals and marbles of the island will be shown. il 26 PART II. THE SPORTSMAN AND ANGLER. GENERAL REVIEW. Anticosti at the present time offers peculiar and fascinating attractions for the sporting man and angler, and particularly perhaps for Englishmen. We say expressly for Englishmen, for they stand preeminently bef<^re persons of all other nationalities in their enthusiasm for and devotion to sport. The Englishman goes in for sport, and for sport alone. In its pursuit he courts ratuer than avoids the severest physical exertions, he will unhesitatingly tax his powers of endurance to the utmost, and the thoroughgoing whole-hearted pleasure he derives from indulging in his overmastering passion, does positive good to those who hear or read of it in these degenerate days when elaborate tents, patent camp furniture, iced champagne and apoUinaris, and piles of edible delicacies, are considered a part of the necessary outfit of the sportsman. For the sportsman, Anticosti possesses all the novelty of a terra incognita withm an easy six days' steam of Liverpool, affording sporting facilities of the most varied character, with a climate that renders outdoor life most enjoyable for eight months in the year, and occupying a position on the very threshold of the largest and most interesting of England's colonial possessions. In the way of wild fowl, Anticosti is a preserve which cannot fail to satisty the most sanguine of sportsmen. It is the 27 iascinating irticularly glishmen, all other to sport, e. In its physical endurance i pleasure sion, does legenerate lire, iced tacies, are 3man. elty of a Liverpool, !ter, with for eight the very i^ngland's ;h cannot t is the breeding ground of tlic greater number of the finest and ganiest birds of the North American continent. Tliese include roughly the Canada goose, Canadian partridges — anglice grouse, snipe, woodcock, severpl varieties of plover, curlew, and ducks of endless variety. The island is the summer resort of the far-famed brant goose, Hudsonian curlew, and many other migratory birds that have their breeding grounds within the Arctic Circle, and which flock in myriads to its shores. Large game are present in the form of the black bear ; the black, silver-grey, cross-patch, and red fox, martens, and otter, which abound in great numbers, and for which the island is about the best hunting ground for trappers. There are also many evidences that moose exist in the less frequented portions of the island. The many rivers and streams that intersect the coast line of the island almost at every mile, swarm with tine salmon, sea and brook trout, besides a great variety of other fish, affording good sport and excellent dishes for the table. The opening of the sporting season in Anticosti commences about the middle of March, when the ice in the St. Lawrence is running. Sport at this time is naturally not unconnected with a good deal of discomfort, but from May to October, camping in Anticosti is a perpetual picnic. The air is clear and invigorating, the sun has the knack of shining nine days out of every ten ; there the sportsman can have a charming harbour for his canoe, a drv grassy bank to camp, and a fragrant bed of fir branches or dry grass ; if he is given to sea-bathing, no better place could be desired ; if he prefers fresh water, a walk of a few yards will bring him to a pebbly brook. Firewood is plentiful enough, and dry as tinder, strewn in profusion along the beach. 28 cuwt up by tlic .sou. In tuUlition to thoisc luxiiricH, tb.j imgler or the sportsman can kocp his lanler well su[)plic(l with ganiu or fish — chicks, trecse, suhnon, trout, horrin<,^s, codfish, capciin, anil lobsters, all at short notice, and in the spring I'resh eggs call be liad ior the gathering. As it would occu])y too much space to mention individually the many species of wild fowl with which Anticosti literally swarms, and to comment upon their characteristics, a list of the principal varieties will be found at the end of tlu! pamphlet, and it is proposed to speak in the following lines, in as concise a manner as possible, of a few of those kinds which have commanded the attention of visitors to the island on sporting bent. -HI ;^- ..0^^ 29 th game capcliii, .'sh eggs viduiilly \ntico8ti istics, a cl of tluj tig lines, so kiiul.s 10 iuland WILD FOWL. In tin* wondod BPctions ot'tlic Island, tlio Canadian pnrtridgp, 'oroVw" tlic "biroli" and '* si)nico," aro I'ound in vust nuiuberB. Thcso arc liandsonio birds, soniowluit largtM* than Scotch grouse. They arc capitjil eating, the flavour ))eing not unlike that of English pheasant. They arc extremely prolific, the broods averaging from ten to fifteen. A good dog is essential in obtaining a bag of these birds, owing to their peculiar habit of roostinff silent and immovable on the branches of trees on being disturbed, from which nothing inducers them to move. The dog's business is to discover for the gunner, where the birds have " treed." The Canada goose breeds in Anticosti, and is well known f'nnn^^a all over the North American continent This bird remains from about the 1st of April, until the end of November and then flies away in immense flocks to the south. The birds weigh from 10 to 12 lbs., and when in good condition, as much as 1.5 lbs. Geese shooting does not appear at first sight a particularly high art of gunning, but crack men at snipe and partridges have been known to fail signally when put to the test. The reasons generally arc that they do not know the right time to fire, and thus do not fire far enough in front of the bird. Decoys are used in connection with bagging the Canada goose ; a good plan is for the sportsman to remain perfectly immoveable, while a flock sweeps round and round the decoy until they are satisfied that all is right, and thereupon begin to settle lower. As soon as they then come in front of the sportsman, he raises his gun, on which the wary geese hurl themselves upwards, this is the moment to pull the trigger, selecting if possible a broadside shot. The sportsman The Brant Goosu III; Snipe and Woodcock 80 rarely gets a Hliot under 50 yards ; the best ^nm to use in a breech-loading, N"©. 10 bore, central tire, with 5 drachms of powder, and 1^ ounces of sliot. As tlie Canada j^oose cannot exist without fresh water, ho therefore resorts to the lagoors and swamps fringing the coast of the island. This is an excellent spot for securing large bags. The birds must have the water, and as no amount of shooting will scare them away, men have been known to get through 28 lbs. of shot in two days, in positions of this kind. The brant goose arrives in Anticosti in May, and in numbers that baffle all description. As these birds never leave salt water, the common practice is to secure them by using a light canoe shaped punt, fitted with paddle wheels, which are worked by the gunner concealed from view by a screen, who thus approaches the unsuspecting birds, and often bags from eight to ten by a well directed shot. Another practice adopted by pot hunters is to sink an empty rum puncheon in a mud flat on the beach, a favorite spot for brant in May and June, and to hide in the same when the tide is ebbing ; a decoy brant, connected with the occupant of the puncheon by a string, is then sent out, and succeeds in drawing a number within easy range, when as many as twenty have been known to fall to a single shot. Large bags of brant can also be obtained by selecting a hiding- place on a point on the coast in the line of their flight. Flock succeeds flock in rapid succession, and the gunner can load and fire as rapidly as he likes without causing the succeeding birds to deviate from following the same course their predecessors have taken. Snipe and woodcock are readily shot on the lowlands at the mouths of the numerous rivers and streams, and in the alder •fi IIHC IH (I ilims (/ cnnnot to the This is s inuHt re til cm lbs. of lumbers ive salt a light worked 10 thus m eight ^ink an favorite e when ipant of ^ceds in many 3 shot, hiding- Flock oad and ig birds ecessors s at the he alder 31 swamps, and aft'ord excellent sport. With p fl^ood cock dog from fifteen to twenty couple can bo easily tak " I y one gun. A. large variety of plover abound in great numbers. The P'ov*' golden plover, the upland plover, and black billed plover may. be mentioned as splendid game birds. The Iludsonian curlew and the Esquimaux curlew, both Curlew visitors from the remotest parts of the Hudson Hay are shot in large numbers. These are delicious birds for the table and as much superior to the English curlew as the Canada wild goose is to an Englisli wild goose. Of sea-ducks the number of varieties is legion, and they afford ^uok excellent sport although perhaps inferior to the foregoing for the pot. They hold out however great attractions to the collector of bird skins as their [)lumage as a rule is very tine. Of theae fuligulina; we may mention — the scoter, spirit duck, surf duck, red head, shell drake, gooseander (a most handsome bird), red breasted shell drake, eider duck, Labrador duck, &c., all of which breed on the island in countless swarms. These duck are not so shy as the Anatidce ; they generally fly in a straight line, regardless of shot, fancying themselves safe on the wing, and it is not at all uncommon for the sportsman to find as many as a dozen different varieties among his bag in a single day. Three handsome divers breed on Anticosti, and are met with in immense numbers. They are the coon, the red breasted diver, and the black throated diver. Divers It seems, however, a pity to shoot these birds, except for specimens. They are an ornament to Canadian waters, and those who have watched their pretty manners become quite attached to them. They only hatch one young one. 32 Mr. J. J. ROWAN- ON SPORT IN ANTICOSTI. It will be interesting I'or our readers to hear what ]\Ir. John Rowan has to say of the sporting capabilities of Anticosti. That gentleman visited the island on several occasions, and at all seasons of the year, and the following extract has been t^iken from his contributions to the Field on the subject . — Wild Fowl "I do not think there ia any better place in America for wild fowl shooting- than Anticosti. In the fall and spring, geese and many different kinds of dncks swarm along the coast, and in the l.agoons. I have seen bogs black with the sea duck of different sorts (Fuligulinaj), and flights of these birds at least half-a-mile in length. The ducks (Anatidjo), and the geese divide their time between the beach and fresh water lakes, and lagoons contiguous to the beach. Not being harassed by gunners, the birds are comparatively tame, and the wild fowl sporter in Anticosti '^an, for once in his life, glu^ himself witli his favorite sport." "I found that many of the water fowl, including the geese and divers, were of a very inquisitive turn of mind, and 1 often used to decoy them within shot by waving a colored handerchief. But more inquisitive, even than a woman, is tho red throated diver. These birds were sometimes a positive nuisance, coming in from miles round to look at the canoe, and then circling and spreading and chattering round it. On the plains. I have brought them up from a great distance, by standing on a hummock, and waving my hat. On the high rocks, on the north shore of the island, incredible quantities of sea birds hatch. On one occasion, I fired a shot to alarm them, and the number that rose was so great that, for a mmite or two, I could hardly see the sky, and their dropping in the water, resembled a heavy shower of rain or hail." " Vast numbers of geese hatch in the island in the lagoons and ponds. Brant do not hatch in the island," — their breeding ground being the remotest parts of Hudson's Bay — *' Blnck ducks are very abundant. They are always good birds to eat, l)ut late in the fall they are best. 33 There is no bird or animal in tliis continent so wary as the black duck; there, where in all probability they have never heard a shot fired, it requires almost as much caution as in inhabited districts. The best way I found to shoot them was at low water, to sit down on the beach buliind a heap of seaweed or log, and send someone to stir them up above and below." " With regard to the bears in Anticosti, there is but one species, not Bears and two as has been popularly imagined, namely, the black bear,— Ursus ° Americanus. They exist in considerable numbers, and, though dangerous when wounded, afford the most exciting sport owing to their extreme wariness." " The Anticosti bear is famed for the beauty of its fur, which is at its prime in the months of April and May. They retire and hibernate in November among the thick scrub, on the south shore of the island. They reappear in April, at which time the females have from two to three cubs, which remain with the mothers until the following spring. The young female has cubs in the third year." " In spring and early summer they feed entirely on the fish and fish spawn which is thrown up in quantities on the beach. In the summer and fall they retire to the woods in the interior, and are exceedingly difficult to approach. I found it necessary to change my camp every day to avoid scaring them." " When bruin is hungry he comes out of the woods and strolls along the beach at high water mark. The best chance to shoot him is in the morning and rowing when the tide is on the ebb. Paddling along the coast it is quite the exception not to see several bears in the course of a day, as many as seven to ten have been seen by sportsmen in one day. There are two ways of approaching them, when the wind is blowing on shore the sportsman must stalk from the land side; when the wind is off" shore the better way is to paddle up to them. The Indians are very skilful in the latter mcthou. Bruin is so accustomed to floating driftwood and ice that he fears no danger from a canoe unless the paddles arc moving. I have been paddled within seventy yards of them, and a charge of buckshot at that distance is always fatal. I cut down two bears in grand style with a large No. 6 bore 84 Foxes Ifarten Otter i single barrel that I had with me for grouse shooting, with a charge of 8 drachms powder and 30 buckshot, one at a distance of fifty-five yards." Mr. Rowan continues : — "The rest of the wild animals comprise black, cross-patch, and silver grey, and red foxes, chiefly cross patch. The value of the skins being ^100, ^60, ^2o, an(i ''^ respectively. The quaUty of the fur of all is equally good in all varieties, the color making the difference. " Marten and otter are also found in large numbers, which is not to be wondered at considering their immunity from pursuit All the fur bearing animals can be readily trapped." 4»^' 35 THE ANGLER. After what has been said in the previous pages of this pamphlet of the position of Anticosti in the centre of the finest fishing grounds in the world, it is very evident that the rivers and streams of the island are likely to be choice spots for the angler. This will no doubt be welcome news to many lovers of the gentle craft in face of the difficulty that exists of obtaining fishing leases in the lower provinces of Canada — in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Cape Breton — in rivers that have not already been overfished, and otherwise depleted of the noble salmon by the reckless and ignorant construction of milldams and other like obstructions, which prevent the fish from running up to spawn in their accustomed grounds. In Anticosti, salmon are everything that can be desired in point of size and gameness. They average lOlbs. and specimens have been taken with the rod up to 301bs. The rivers swarm with them and as yet but very few fishing leases have been sold. The principal streams of the island that will be found to repay a visit during the season are the Jupiter, Otter, Becscie, Pavilion, Chaloupe, Fox, Bear, and Salmon rivers. The two largest are the Jupiter and Salmon rivers, on the south and north side of the island respectively. There is also good trouting in Anticosti, both sea and brook trout, the latter abound in all the rivers and lakes of tlie island. They are exceedingly game fish, and, it is hardly necessary to remark, also excellent eating. 86 ISLAND SPORTING OLUU. In order to render the sporting facilities of Anticosti available to persons of ordinary means, and with limited time at their disposal, it is proposed to increase the existing means of com- munication between the various parts of the island, and in tiiis nianner to render the choicest parts of this vast preserve easily accessible. In view of the absence of any well-developed system of roads such improvement of communication must be effected b}' water, and this can most readily be accomplished. The proprietors will therefore arrange to run frequent coasting steamers from point to point, and thus enable the sportsman to keep touch with the settled districts and the outside world. In this connection a project is also on foot to form an Island Sporting Club, members of Avhich would have the privilege of fishing in any of its numerous rivers and streams, and of shooting the wild fowl that swarm in the interior on all its coasts, 'i'he programme of the club in t^^e first instance will be to construct and erect at a number of the best spots, from a sportsman's and angler's point of view, inexpensive but commodious shootuig and fishing lodges, each capable of accommodating several persons, simply furnished, and provided with cooking apparatus and other conveniences calculated to make life in them pleasant. Shooting and fisliing canoes and punts would be attached to each lodge, and a few experienced local men engaged as care- takers, would serve as guides and servants to the visitors. A club of this kind would undoubtedly be a great convenience io such as desired to invest their capital in one or the other of the directions that ha\'e been suggested in the previous pages of this book, or who wished to ascertain beforehand for them- 87 selves the suitability of the island for their purposes. Such could combine a business visit with the most delightful of pleasures, the pursuit of which would not fail to be beneficial in every respect. Persons desiring of further information are directed to write to H. Kendrick, Esq., 10, Pancras Lane, London, E.G., who will gladly answer any enquiries. m ,wyi"iiiiw|ppf iMii:PAy wpww" 38 APPENDIX. LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL WILD FOWL THAT BREED IN ANTICOSTL I Birch Partridge Tetrao Umbellus. Spruce „ ,, Canadensis. Canada Goose Anaer Canadensis. Upland Plover Totanus Bartramius. Golden „ Charadrius Mamwratus. Black-bellied Plover ,, Helveticus. Telltale Godwit Totanus Melanolencus. Yellow Shank „ Flavipes. Marbled Godwit Limosa Fedoa. Solitary Sandpiper Jolanus Solitarius. Piping Plover Charadrius Melodus. Ring Plover „ Semipalinatus. Turnstone Strepsilas Interpres. Black Duck.. Anser Ohscura. Blue-winged Teal ,, Discors. Scoteo Oidemia Americana. Velvet Duck Melanetta Velvetina. The Whistler Clangula Glancoro. Spirit Duck „ Albeola. Surf Duck Pelemetta Perspicillata. Old Squaw Harelda Glacialis. Redhead Aylhya Americana. Shell Drake Mergus Americanus. Shell Duck Mergus Serrator. Little Shell Duck „ Albellus. Goosander „ Meganser, Eider Duck Fulix Molissima. Scaup „ Merita. Buffelhead „ Albeola. Labrador Duck Camptolamuso Labradornia. Harlequin Duck Histrioniais Torquatus. The Coon Colymbus Glacialis. Red-throated Diver „ Septentrionalis. Black „ „ ,.,...... „ Arcticus. t PPW«T?'7TWW^llF«?f»«»T^KW'™WtiP«|l!t!p|^pp5^^ ^T 39 Bittern Botaunts lentiginosus. Crow Corvus Americanus. Ravon „ Corax. Eaglo Jlalicehts Lmcocephalua. Osprey Poendion Carolinensis, Hen Hawk „ Borealis. Moose Bird Garrulua Canadensis. Kingfisher Alcedo Alcyon. Great Woodpecker Picua Pileatus. Sea Parrot Mormon Arcticua. Qfinnet Sula Baaaana. Guillemot Uria Troile and Uria Grylle. Anticosti is also the summer resort of the famous Brant Goose {Anser Beimida), Hudsonian Curlew {Numenius Hudsonicus), the Esquimaux Curlew (Numenius Arcttcus), and a large /ariety of other equally splendid wild fowl. :\ ALLAN LINE ROYAL MAIL STEAMERS THE SHORT ROUTE FROM GREAT BRITAIN TO CAHAM, FOR AHTICOSTI. The advantages afforded hy the Allan Steamship Company are worthy of special consideration by Passengers bound to points in Canada. The voyage to Quebec has distinguished recommendations as compared witli the other routes to the American Continent. From laud to land the average passage is not more than six days. Once within tlie Straits of Belle Isle, ocean travelling is over, and for hundreds of miles the steamer proceeds, first through the Gulf, and then through the magnificent River Ht. Lawrence. This is an immense advantage. OCEAN FARES-SALOON, 12 to 18 GUINEAS. Intermediate and Steerage, at low rates. 1^ ASSISTED PASSAGES TO CANADA are Granted to Navvies, Agricultural and General Labourers, and their Families, and to Female Domestic Servants. 1^1° Application for Assisted Passages to be made vpon the Special Forms irhicli are jM'ovided for the purpose. Further particulars can bo oi)tninp(l from ALLAN BROTHERS & CO., James Street, Liverpool, 103, Leadenhall St., London, and Foyle St., Londonderry, J. & A, ALLAN, 70, Great Clyde Street, Glasgow, JAMES TfOTT & CO., Queenstown, OR ANY AUTHORISED AGENT OF THE LINE. Morris & Co., Printers, 8, Pliilpot Lane, Ffiicluirch Street, London, E.G. U v:"^^. .oar I '.t»^J ,n!i«w',i.i*"., ,. .,/Cii<:-0 V -^ '■■i^ir - ' 'i,. iJi-^-Sv I I ■' ^^ w^^^^ T