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Les diagrammes suivants iiiustrent la mithode. rata D telure. 3 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 Species of EuFopean and NoFthamerican Bryme^ (Mosses) synoptieally desepibed N. Conr. Klndbepg. ,, :, Part 1. Pleiipoeappous -KacxiG- Liukdpiuga LithoKraflska AktiebolaK 1896. Preface. Since the publiontion of Schimpers Synopsis mupcorum euro- pjeorum (1876) and Mnniial of the mospes of N. America by Lepquereux and James (1884), the bryology is enriched by many new ppeciep. Also several very important bryological manuals, viz. by Boulay, Braithwaite, Husnot and Limpricht, have contri- contributed to a more complete knowledge of* the mosses. The present treatise is an essay to revise and compare all hitherto known species and subspecies of Bryine£e, found in Eu- rope and N. America. Excluded species ar regarded as varieties or not sufficiently known. I believe that the greatest importance is to attache to the natural affinity of such species as could be joined to common types (r.ubgenera or groups). Affinity is not to be defined through a feAv artificial characters, stated »a priori*. It needs therefore to select characters, peculiar and constant to each genus. Some characters are in some genera variable, but in others constant. I have therefore not described selected specimens in all their parts but generally omitted such characters, as evidently are too variable. When some species are critical or hitherto not well-known, I have tried to propose all their necessary di- stinctive characters. To facilitate the determination of sterile specimens, so often occurring, T have accurately described the areolation of the lea- ves and the common habit of the vegetals. My descriptions are not transscribed from other authors but based on my own microscopical researches and studies in nature. 1 have therefore in Europe visited northern and southern districts and their different regions up to the glaciers and the perennial snow, aV-!o augmented my collections through contributions by many correspondents. The geographic distribution and the sta- tions of N. American mosses are accurately observed principally l)y Prof. J. Macoun, D:r J. Roell and the Rev:d A. C. Waghorne, also (in Greenland) by Prof. S. Berggren. 11 I III' Tn some few cases, when I not have had occasion to exa- mine specimens of a very rare species, T must cite the descrip- tions of their authors or describe the species following good drawings, viz. Icones muscorum by SuUivant. About 1600 species and 840 subspecies are described in my manuscript. Common to Europe and N. America about 620 species. Peculiar to N. America 635 » Peculiar to Europe 345 » 1600 species. In America are found about 1255 species, in Europe 965. Linkoeping, Sweden dec. 1896. The author, k As the continuation of this treatise, ready as manuscript, depends upon a sufficient number of subscribers (at least 50), the honored sub.'^cribers are requested to inform my jniblishers of their wishes, namely Messrs P. M. Sahlstroem & C:o, Linkosping, Sweden. Prize: 8 Swedish crowns or »kronor» (=: 9 shillings, 9 reichs- mark, 1 1 francs) for the first part, Pleurocarpous ; for the whole work 20 swed. crowns. The subscribers shall obtain also my ^ Genera of european and northamerican Bryineee, synoptically disposed ». The whole edition comprises only 200 copies. All can be printed before the fine of next year. S0G Abbreviations: «*. usually; gen. generally; princ. principally; r. rarely; Can. Canada; Eur. Europe. I Fam 1. CryphaeaceaB. I. Hedwiffia Ehih.ut. I. Ell'Hedwi^ia. Capsule iinmerscd. fjeaves us. denticu- late at ounien. Stem r. tiagelliferoui*. Tufts us. glaucous green II. Braiinia. CapsnU; exserted. Leaves entire. Stem often flagelliferous. Tufts brown. Perichetial leaves not ciliate. I. Eu-Hedwigia. 1. H. albicans Weber. — Fontinalis Web.; Hedwigia Lind- berg. Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, distinctly papillose, hyaline at the denticulate, us. prolonged acumen, re- curved below; upper cells us. suboblong, sinuous at the walls. Perichetial leaves long-ciliate. Capsule piriform, wholly immersed. Stem not flagelliferous. — On stone, common (r. in northern alps). Eur.*) Sweden, Norway, Germany, Switzerland ! Amer. Canada: Macoun. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. man. , t i * H. suhinidn Kindberg catal. Canad. musci. Leaves green, broad-ovate, indi.»tinctly hyaline at the short and nearly entire acumen, recurved nearly all around; upper cells subquadrate. — Kocks r. Amer. Canada: Macoun. 2. H. iinbcrbis Esenbeck et Hornschuch. — Schistidium Es. et Hsch.; Hedwigia Spruce. Leaves subovate, faintly papillose, entire, not hyaline, recur- ved; upper cells suboblong, sinuous. Perichetial leaves not ciliate. Capsule round-oval, subemergent. Stem often flagelliferous; leaves of the flagellfe hyaline at apex. — Rocks r.; Eur. France! II. Braunia Schimjjer. 3. H. alopeciira Bridel. — Leucodon Brid.; Hedwigia Kindb. Leaves ovate, faintly papillose, not hyaline, striate; cells less distinctly sinuous, the upper (piadrate, the inner basal rectan- gular. Capsule oblong without neck; pedicel short. — Stones r.; Eur. Austria: Venturi, 4. H. californica Lesq. — Braunia Lesq., SuU. icon, m., Hedwigia Kindb. , ..?i.. i ; •) The mark! indicaten, that the author is the collector; the citefl col- lectors have contributed to my collections. I I — fi — LeaveB diBtinctly papillose, from Biihovnte base tapering to the hyaline and often long acumen, not striate; inner cells irre- gular, oval or angulate, HometimcH sinuous; inner banal cells pubrortangular. Capsule piriform, nhort-necked; pedicel long. — Kockn r. Amer. racidc district. Canada: Macoun. U. S.: Hen- derson, com. Cardot. 2. Loncodon Schwa^grichon. A. Pedicel of the caj)Hule long-exserted. Leaves gen. entire and not distinctly decurrcnt. 1. L. schiroid«»s L. — Hypnum L.; Leucodon Schvva>gr. Loaves ovntc-ohlong or broadly ovate-lanceolate, short-acumi- nate sind acute, pliciite or striate, open when moist; upper cells oblong, the others narrow. Perichotial leaves short-acuminate. Capsule sul)ol)long; teetli split; endostome indistinct; lid conic, acute. — On trees, less often on rocks. Eur. comtnon. Sweden, Norway, (J(M'niany, Swit/crland, Italy! Amer. r. Can.: Macomi. * L. iHOieilsis Hchwu'grichon. Leaves shorter, subovatc, Icsk striate; the perichetial longer acuminate. Cnpsule cylindric, slightly curved ; endostome rudi- mentary; lid rostellatc. — Eur., southern districts, often frequent. Greece: Haussknecht. Itnly: Arcangcli; E. Adlerz. France: Husnot. Si)ain: Dicck, com. Koell. I{. Pedicel of the ca{)sulu immersed or short-exserted. Leaves often denticulate or siiuiolate at acumen, sometimes dccurrent. 2. L. briU'liypus Bridcl. — Sullivant icon, muscor. Leaves (as in L. scu< imrrow. I'cnlirel of capsule rilonfiato. 1. A. curtipoiuiiila L. — Hypmini L.; Antitridiiii Mrid. IjCnvcH Htriiitc, froiii ovate bane abruptly acuniinatc! or ovate- lanceolate, narrowly rellexetl to the denticulate acumen; nerves Ji, tli(i niedinn reaching:; into acinuen. I'erichetial loaves serridato at acumen. Capsule oblong; lid apiculate; pceaves larger, not striate, broadly ovate-lanceolate, broadly recurved to the nearly entire or mimitely denticulate acumen; nerves gen. 5, the median vanishing far V-elow acumen. Periche- tial leaves entire. C'apHule oblong cylindric; pedicel straight. — Am r. not r. in I'acif. distr. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. ('ai».; J. Macoun. l'. S. Oregon: ,J. A. llert/.man, con). K. Nvmai' 3. A. ieiielia Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII. DilTers from A. curiipcndula: Leaves smaller, not striate, ovate acute, rei'urved all aro'.md, denticulate at apex; cells gen. shorter; iiicdian nerve more abbreviate. Perigonial leaves longer. Stem irregularly divided with numerous very short branches. Only male plants foui -i — Rocks r. A',ri(ir. (!an. Pacif. distr.: M*»coiui. B. Upper leaf-cells oval-oblong. Pedicel short-emergent. 4. A. pseildo-califorilica Kindb. check-list of Eur. and N. Amer, mossct:. — Neckera californica Hooker et Arnott; Alsia Sull. Leaves ovate obtuse or short-acuminate acute, not striate, nearly entire; nerves 8, the median reaching gen. to middle. Perichetial leaves long-acummate. Capsule eylindric-oval ; lid rostrate; |)edicel straight. Stem ])innate with very shoit bran- ches. — Amer. Pflcif. distr. U. S.: Miss Mann, com. Cardot. Fam. 2. AnomodontaceaB. (>. AllOinodon Hooker et Taylor. L Eu-Aliomodon. Leaves distinctly jjapillose, r. rccurvcil, not r. large, often crisped when dry. Secondary stems (»ften erect. H. Leskeella. Leaves nearly smooth, small, us. recurved, gen. appressed when dry. Stem us. creeping. L Eu-Anomodon. A. Leaves large very broad at base, not subulate, crisped; bor- ders undulate not recurved; inner basal cells sublinear pellucid, 2 W'.< iMl 10 ~ I - I; 5-» "ther cells rotundate-qnadrate opake. BrancheB thick uniforni irregularly divided, not llagelliferous. l.A.Yiticulosus L. — Hypnum L,; Anomodon Jlook. et '.'\ Leaves from ovate base tapering to an obtuse or submute pcumen, quite entire. Perichetial leaves with narrower, acrte or subfiliform acumen. Capsule large subcylindrie; teeth twice longtr than endostome; lid rostellate; pedicel yellow — Stone and trees. Eur, nearly common. Sweden, Norway, Germany, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. 'i.AcSipicillatllS Br. eur.; Sul'. ic. m. — Hypnum Rugelii C, M. '^icaves from broad-ovate or cordate sublimbriate base al^ruptly contracted to a narrow subUnear obtuse or apiculate acumen. Perichetial leaves with sublinear obtuse acumen. Capsule large subcylindrie; segments very short ox rudimentary; lid apiculate; pedicel red. — Rocks and trees r. Eur. Sweden 1859! Norway 1862! Amer. Can.: Macoun. o.A.platyphyllus Kindb. note on Can. bryol. l89o. Leaves short very l)road, ovate or ovate-oblong or from (cor- date strongly papillose base slightly contracted to a linjulate blunt acumen. Perichetial leaves witli subdentate strongly papillose base and narrow Ungulate acumen. Capsule small oval-oblong; segments rudimentary; lid short-conic not apiculate; pedicel yellow very much shorter than in the last. — Trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. B. lieaves gen, small and appressed or suberect when dry. Branches not thick. a. Leaves very broad at base, not subulate-acuminate. 4.A.minor Beauvois. — Neckera B.; Anomodon Fuernrohr; A. obtusifolius Bruch et Sen.; Suil. ic. m. Leaves from subovate base abruptly tai)ering to a linear- lingulate acumen, subdistichous when moist; borders entire un- dulate not recurved; cells round quadrate opake exce[)t the few sublinear at base. Peri 'hetial leaves with narrow lingulatc acumen. Capsule small suboval; segments short or rudimen- tary; lid rostrate or rostellate; pedicel yellow not long. Plants glaucous green. — Trees. Amer. Can. r.: Macoun. V. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; com. Roell and Cardot. 5.A.attenu&tllS Schreber. — Hypnvun Schreb. ; Anomodon Huebener. Leaves from subovate base abruptly tapering to a shorter, gen. subacute denticulate acumen; borders not recurved; cells as in the last. Perichetial leaves with sublinear-subulate acu- 11 men. Capbi'.le small cylindric; Hogments often long; lid rostnitc; pedicel red. Branches long not compressed, often curved when dry; branchlets often flagellate, their leaves narrow often subu- late. Tufts intricate. !l. fruiting. — llocks and trees ,not un- common. Eiiy. {Sweden, France, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. Can.: Macoun. C. 8.: Purpus, com. Koell. G.A.califoniicus Lesijuereux. » Leaves broadly ovate acute, very papillose and fimbriate at th auricled base, decurrent; borders recurved; upper cells ovate- quadrate. Ca{)Bules unknown. — Amer. V. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. b. Leaves subulate-acuminate entire. Tufts intricate. Branchlets often llagelliform. T.A.longifoHillS Hchleicher; Ptcrogonium Hchl.; Anomodon llruch. Leaves ovate-lanceolate gradually acuminate, long-decurrent, not recurved; cells round-quadrate; costa subpercurront. Cap;^ulc cylindric; teeth twice longer than endostome; lid i,})iculate. Tufts pale green. Very r. fruiting. — Rocks and trees below alps gen. r. Eur. Hweden not r., Switzerl. ! 8.A,rOStratus Hedwig. — Loskea H.; Anomodon Schimpcr. L( .cs from subovate base abruptly acuminate often with hyaline hairpoint; borders recurved gen. to acumen; cells as in the last; costa reaching to acumen or shorter. Capsule oval- oblong; teeth about twice longer than endostome; lid rostrate or rostellate. Tufts us. })ale green above and rusty red below, r. wholly dark green. — Rocks and trees. Ear. r. Switzerl.! Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S.: Roell; Sullivant, com. C. Mueller. IL LesKcella Limpricht, in part. A. Costa of leaves short, in the ))erichetial obsolete. i).A.tectorum Al. Braun. — Ptcrogonium Braun; Anomodon Kindb.; Pseudoleskea Schimpcr. Leaves with ovate base and gen. short (sometimes long fal- cate) acumen, acute, recurved below; middle cells oval-oblong; costa vanishing far below I'cuinen, sometimes forking. Capsule ^jylindric; teeth yellow; segments long without basal nb'OiSrane; lid rostellate; pedicel short. Stem ])innatc cree[)ing, julaceous when dry. Leaves sometiuics smaller than in .1. n<'.)vosiis. Very r. fruiting. — On roofs and rocks, r. on walls or trees, gen. r. Eur. Norway! Germany: Roell. Amer. »Grecnl.»: Berggren. lO.A.Subi'igiduliis Kindb. n. sp. Differs from the last: Leaves more distinctly lecurved to the short acumen; middle cells round-oval; costa gen. reaching to m U — 12 - acuiiKn. Hteiu irref!;ularly divided not croopinn;. (';)])sulc and id as in the last; [)eri8tome nut seei-. — Rucks r. A)ncr. Can. Labrador: Wagliorne. ]{. Costa of leaves long, also in the pericheHai. 1 l.A.liervOsus Bridel. — I'terifivnandnim Brid ; Anoinodon Huebcner; Lcskca Myrin. Leaves from short suhovate base abruptly tapering to a long subulate iiliforni-pointed aeunien, recurved to it; middle cells round-oval; costa subpercurrent or long-excurrent. Pcrichetial leaves entire long-aevnninate. Capsule oblong cylindric; teeth orange; segments short or rudimentary with indistinct basal membrane; lid rostellate; pedicel short. Stem creeping; bran- ches pinnate subjulaceous. R. fruiting. — Rocks an.d trees. Eiir. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can. less r : Macoun; Waghorne. 12.A.licteroideus C. M. et Kindb. catal. Canadian musci. Leaves gradually acuminate without tilifortri point, not re- curved to acumen; middle cells roundish; costa not percurrent, shorter and fainter than in the last. Perichetial leaves denti- culate or sinuolate. Capsules unknown. Branches not distinctly julaceous; branchlets Hagelliform with very small nerveless leaves. — Rocks and trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. 13.A.Moseri Kindb. — Leskea note on Can. bryol. 1893. Leaves as in A. nervosus but smaller; cells more rotundate. Perichetial leaves narrowly ovate-oblong, obtusate or short-acu- minate, denticulate at least above middle. Capsule lanceolate- cylindric small-mouthed; teeth pale; segments as high with di- stinct basal membrane; lid apiculate; ])edicel twice longer than in A. iiervosus. — On earth r. Ear. Can.: J, Aloser, com. Macoun. 14.A.rupestris Berggren. — Leskea Bgr.; Anomodon Kindb.; »Leskea nervosa*; Milde and lampricht. Leaves smaller than in A. nervosus, narrowly ovateoblong or ovate-lanceolate, shorter aeuuMnate, not recurved; cells oi)long; eosta not much prolonged into acumen. Tufts brownish or olivaceous. Capsules unknown. — Rocks in alj). region r. Eur. Norway ! 15.A.ri^ (lulus Kindb. Lau])m. Schw. u. Xorw. ~ »Ijeskea nervosa Limpricht. Leave,- much shorter than in A. nervosui<, broadly recurved all around; middle cells rotundate; costa percurrent. Stem-lea- ves round-ovate obtuse; branch-leaves ovateoblong gen. obtusate ii i ^^ — i:; - ncnte, r. phort acniTiinate. Stem irregularly divided not rreepine; UrancheB quite julareous. Capsules unknoAvn. — Kocks in alp, region r. Eur. Nor\vay near Kongswoldj 7. liindber^ia Kindberg, new genus. l.L.bracliyptera Mitten. — Pterogonium Mitt. Lenvep from broad oval base contracted to a subulate acumen, sligbtly reHexed below, faintly denticulate only at acumen, strongly pa])illose, subclaviculiform (as in Heterocladium) and spreading wlien moist, nearly appressed ivhen dry; upper cells rotundate, middle ^uboval, angular very numerous; costa reaching above middle. Capsule erect suboblong pale; teeth short yellow, connate at base; lid conic; pedicel yellow-red. — Old logs r. Anwr. Can. Ontario: Macoun. Fam. 3. FabronJacedB. S. Fabronia Raddi. A. fiCaves dentnte-ciliate or fimbriate; upper and middle cells oval-oblong; costa short or indistinct. Capsule with low convex often mamillate lid. Calyptra us. broad. 1 .F.octoblepharls Schleicher. — Pterogonium Schl.; Fabronia Schwa^grichen. Leaves gen, ovate-oblong and not fimbriate with subulate- filiform point; costa often distinct. Perichetial leaves serrate above. Capsule obovate or suboblong; t-iieth brownish us. con- nate in pairs; calyptra broad. — Rocks and stonewalls. Eiir. south, distr, somewhat i'. Switzerl.l Amer. r. »U. S.»: L(j. et Jam. *F.piisilIa Raddi. Leaves us. narrower, gen. ovate-lanceolate fimbriate with lon- ger and (iliform hyaline j)oint; costa often indistinct. Periche- tial loav(>s sharply serrate also below. Capsule (/fti^n subglot)ose; teeth y(!l!n\vish often finally free. — Princ. on ti'ces, v. on rcK^ks. Eur. not r. in south, distr. Italy! Amer, r. Can.: Macoun. 'i.F.if.vimiostoina SuUivant et Lesquereux; Sull. ic. m. liOaves gen. eostate and ciliate; perichetial irrej.rularly dentate, (■aps.ile obovate; peristome wanting; calyptra narrow. Not n\uch dilTcring fro)n E. octohlepJiaris in barren state. — Amer. r. U. S.: Wright, com. C. Mueller; Fendler, com. Renauld. It. Leaves serrulate with small not ciliiform teeth; upper and middle cells narrow; costa us. distinct. a. Leaves short-costate. Capsule with conic lid; calyptra narrow. ;5.F.Wrijj:btii Sullivant icon, muscor. Leaves ovate-lanceolate gradually tapering to an often long — 14 — il^l li f I I filiform point. Perichetial leaves denticulate nil around. Cap- sule piriform; teeth orange gsn. not connate. Branches some- what thicker than in F, ortohlepharis. — Amer. r. U. S.: Wright, com. C. Mueller. 4.F.Ravenelii Sullivant icon, muscor. r>eavcs ovate-oblong, broader than in the last with smaller teeth and less gradually tapering to the often short point. Perichetial leaves entire below, faintly serrulate above. Capsule fiub( ylindric or narrowly piriform; teeth brownish not connate, liranches thickish often curved and subjulaceous when dry. Habit of Pterygynandrum. — I^ogs r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Fitzgerald, com. Cardot. b. Leaves long-costate. Stem with flagelliform shoots. Capsu- les unknown. 5.F.Sen(ltneri Schimper. »I.eaves ovate-lanceolate; costa vanishing below acumcn»: Linipricht. — Rotten logs r. Eur. »Istria: 8endtner»: Schimper. 9. Clasmatodon Hooker et V/ilson. l.C.parvuhls Plampe. — Leskea Hampe; Clasmatodon SuUiv. ic. muse; Anisodon Bertrami Schimper. Leaves ovate acute sometimes short-acu^minate, minutely serrulate above middle; upper cells oblong, lower inner oblong- lanceolate; costa reaching to middle. Perichetial leaves abruptly narrowed to a long sublincar denticulate acumen. Capsule ovid-oblong; teeth yellow; lid conic; pedicel more or less elongate. — Trees. Amer. U. S. less r.: com. Macoun, Levier and Cardot. E^ir. » Germany: Bertram*: C. M. 2.€.rui)estli8 (Sull. et Lq. as var.) Kindb. rev. bryol. LS95. Leaves broad-ovate obtuse entire; upper cells rhombic-oval, lower suboblong; costa vanishing below middle, Perichetial leaves gradually narrowed to the entire acumen. Capsule round-oval; teeth orange; lid low convex; pedicel short. — Rocks r. Amer. U. S.: com. Macoun. 10. Habrodou Schimper. l.H.perpiisillns Notaris. — Pterogonium Not.; Habrodon Lindb. Leaves ovate-oblong acute short-acuminate with gen. short (iliform point, entire or at acumen faintly sinuolate; upper cells rhombic, middle oval-oblong, lower inner oblong-lanceolate. Cai)sulc oblong-cylindric; teeth hyaline distant without basal membrane; lid conic. Very r. fruiting. — Trees r. Eur. Italy, Switzerl.! Amer. »U. S.»: SuUiv. 15 11. Anacamptodon firidel. l.A.splachnoides Froehlich. — OrthotrichUin Fr.; Anacampto- don Brid. Leaves entire ovate-oblong short-subulaCe; inner cells suboblong; costa vanishing near middle. Capsule suboblong or oval with short neck; teeth dark purplish united in pairs, much longer than segments; lid rostellate; pedicel long thick reddish. Mo- noecious. — Rotten branches of trees r. Eur. France: Schimper; Husnot; Berthoumleu. Amer. ■»[]. S.»: C. M. PterobryacesB. » Genera, of Eur. m and N. Amer. Ptero- Fam. 4. (Endotrichaccrc Kindb. Bryineae*.) 12. Pterobryiim Hornschuch. l.P.c.vinbifolium SuUivant. — Pilotrichum Sull. ic. m., bryum Mitten. Leaves concave from ovate- ~^blong base gradually short-acu- minate, not recurved; lower basal cells orange, alar very nu- merous; costa reaching to acumen. Perichetial leaves nerveless. Stem subpinnate above; branches turgid julaceous. Capsules unknown. — Amer. r. U. S. Florida: SuUivant, com. C. Mueller. 2.P.Liul0VHMie C. Mueller. — Neckera C. M. ; Pterobryum Kindb. Differs from the last: Leaves longer-acuminate abruptly nar- rowed; alar cells less numerous; costa percurrent or vanishing in acumen. Perichetial leaves with long-excurrent costa. Cap- sule exsertcd; pedicel short; peristome not seen. — Trees r. Amer. U. S.: com, Macoun and Cardot. Fam. 5 NeckeracesB. 13. Neckera Hedwig. A. Capsule not annulate Stem us. pinnate. a. Leaves with long sharply dentate-spinulose acumen; upper cells narrow; costa short double or indistinct. I. Doiiglasiella. Leaves us. undulate. Capsule more or less emergent; endostome as high as teeth. Dioecious. b. Leaves obtusate or short-acuminate, not or faintly denticulate; upper cells gen. wide. aa. Leaves with long simple costa. Endostomial segments long. Paraphyllia us. numerous. II. Menziesiella. Leaves undulate. Capsule inimersed. Di- oecious. li 10 ~ bbt Leaves witli pliort double or indistinct costa. Endostomial segments short or rudimentary. Parnphyllia :*w or wanting. III. Eu-Neckera. Loaves undulate sublinear-ovate; niiddb and lower cells gen. narrow. Capsule often iminersed, Ott(Mi nnono(!cious. IV. Lciopli.vllillll. Leaves not undulate often short; middle cells sometimes wide. Capsule gen. long-exf'erted. Branches often flagelliforous. Dioecious. ]{. ('apsule aninilate. Stem not distinctly ])innate. V. Honialia, Leaves not undulate; ccsta sometimes simple hut abbreviate. Capsule long exserted. Branches not flagelli- ferous. Monoecious or dioecious. I. Douglasiella Kindb. l.N.Dou^lasii Hooker. licavos large undulate with cordate base, sublinear-lanceolate broad acuminate, faintly denticulate below acumen sometiines to middle, entire in lower i)art, only at angles sinuolate; teeth of acumen sometimes hooked; cells gen. fusiform-linear orange at insertion, alar short wide. Perichctial leaves filiform-pointed. Capsule red ovaloblong; pedicel vs. triply longer; teeth pale yellow. Plants pale green, finally becoming whitish. Stem very long; Hagellne often longish. Trees and rocks. Ame*-. Pacif. distr. Can.: Ahicoun. U. S.: BoUonder, herb. Lesquereux, com. Renauld. 'i.N.cephaloilica Juratzka; Kindb. rev. bryol. 1895. Leaves small not undulate and not distinctly cordfite, from broader and entire basal part gradually tapering to the long subulate often filiform-pointed acumen; its teeth not hooked; cells narrow sublinear at insertion vellowish, alar not distinct. Stem short. (Japsules unknown. Dioecious. — Eur. r. » Greece: L''nger»; Juratzka. {Africa, Madeira: liiebetrut, com. C. Mueller.) II. Menziesiella Kindb. A. Capsule immersed longer than pedicel; segments as high as teeth or higher. Leaves finally brown. , . o.N.Meiiziesii Hooker; SuUivant icon. muse. Leaves sublinear broader below, faintly denticulate above middle; api(;al and alar cells dilated, the others narrow. Capsule suboval; teeth orange. Branches us. distant with numerous Hagelhe. Stem often very long. — Rocks and trees. Amer. Pacif. distr. not r. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Koell; Mrs L. C, Feely; Henderson, com. Cardot, 17 — ♦N.amblyclada Kindb. (oat. Can. m., i\'^ var.\ Branches crowded obtuse r. and pparinply Hagollato. Leaves suboblong shorter; cells dilated, upper subrbonibic, lower oblong, inner basal narrow, ('apsules unknown. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Pacif. distr. in subalp. region: Macoun 4.N.tiirgf(Ia Jurat/ka. J^eaves siiblinear-oltlong sometimes denticulate to below middle; apical and alar cells dilated, the ot'ners narrow. Branches us. crowded obtuse; Hagellffi few and sliort. »Capsule oblong-cv- lindric; teeth yellowis}! brown*: Limpricht. — Rocks and trees r. Eur. Germany: Geheeb. *N.jiirassica Aniann; Limpricht. i ' ^ ■■I »Leave8 subsecund; cells gen. subrhombic. Capsules unknown. — Rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.: Amann»: Limpricht. B. Capsule partly emergent above perichetial leaves, not longer than pedicel; segments unknown. Leaves us. yellowish green. 5.N.iiiediterraiiea Philibert. .'■'' : •. •• ^ Leaves subovateoblong gen. nearly entire; inner lower cells narrow, the others dilated. Capsule suboval; teeth pale yellow. Branches often distant; flagell£e short. — Rocks r. Eur. France: Philibert; Payot, com. Husnot. IlL Eu-Neckera. ! A. Pedicel of capsule long-exserted. Leaves large strongly undulate us. shining and finally becoming brown. Dioecious. 6.N.crispa L. — Hypnum L.; Neckera Hedwig. Leaves gen. sublinear obtusate; perichetial long-sheathing short-]K)inted. Ca])sule oval; segments distinct, basal membrane obsolete. Branches sometimes turgid and less distinctly pin- nate. — Rocks princ. not shaded. />«r. not r. .Sweden, Swit/.erl.! B. Capsule wholly immersed. Jjcaves large strongly undulate green not glossy. Monoecious. . ,»■ T.N.pennata L. — Fontinalis L.; Neckera Hedwig. Leaves gen. sublinear obtusate, those of younger l^ranches us. longer-acuminate with narrower apical cells; ijcrichetial gra- dually acuminate long-pointed. Ca|)sule oval; endostome rudi- mentary. Stem rigid. — Us. on trees r. on shaded rocks in woods, somewhat r. Eur. Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. C. Capsule with shortly or not exserted pedicel. I weaves less large not strongly undulate us. green; ajiical cells short. a. Dioecious r. fruiting. Capsule with emergent pedicel; endo- stomial segments distinct. Leaves somewhat small, . w ..^-:i. _ IS _ S.N.piimila Hedwig. Leaves sublinearoblong gen. acute, more or less acuminnte or filiform-pointed, filightly undulate, often recurved below at one side and inflexed at the other. Capnule oblong; teeth pale yellow; basal membrane of endostomo distinct. Often with propagula. — On trees r. on rocks, princ. below alp. regions. Eur. Switzerl.! Amer. »U. S.»: Cardot. b. Monoecious not r. fruiting. Capsule partly emergent; cndo- stome rudimentary. O.N.oligocarpa liruch. Leaves gen. sublinear-oblong short-acuminate; costa very short. Pcrichetial leaves gradually acuminate. Capsule round-oval; teeth pale yelloAv. Stem not rigid; branches us. pinnate. — On rocks r. (in Amer.) on trees, princ. in alp, regions, r. Eur. Sweden, Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun. lO.N.pterantlia C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can m. (as subspecies). Leaves as in the last but larger, often brown-green; costa longer. Pcrichetial leaves abruptly short-acuminate. Capsule round-oval; teeth white hyaline; antheridia and archegonia more numerous than in the last. Branches rigid, gen. simple and very long. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun. IV. Leiophyllum C. Mueller syn. muse. A. Leaves obovate arrounded at apex. ll.N.Besseri Lobarzewski. — Omaha Lob.; Neckera Jurat/ka. Leaves small denticulate above, often shining; cells dilated, middle and lower suboval. Pcrichetial leaves gradually acumi- nate. »Cappule oval subemergent; endostome incomplete with indistinct basal membrane*: Limpricht. — On rocks, r. on trees, r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! B. Leaves not arrounded at apex, gen. somewhat nai-row. a. Leaves narrow-oblong or sublanceolate. Capsule long-exserted oval-oblong; segments and basal membrane distinct. I'i.N.COlliplanata L. — Hypnum Ij.; Neckera Lluebener. Leaves short-acuminate acute, niinutely denticulate in upper third; middle and lower cells linear-lanceolate, alar subquadrate. Outer pcrichetial leaves abruptly aciuminate. — On trees, less often on rocks. Eur. common. Sweden etc.! Amer. r. Can.: AVaghorne. b. Leaves (at least the upper) short and gen. obtusate, Bmaller than in the last. Capsules unknown. 13.N.gracilis James. — Homalia Jam.; Sull. ic. m.; Neckera Kindb, I . 1 — V.) Leaves oval-oblong indistinctly dentioulnte all around; middle cells rhombic, lower subrectangular-linear, alar subquadrate. — Hocks r. Amer. IT. S.: Peck, com. Macoun. H.N.tenella Kindb. Laubm. Sehwed. u. Xorweg. Leaves gen. broad-oval, upper denti(Uilate nearly all around; middle and lower cells oblong, lowest bafal shorter and yellow. — Uocks in lower subalp. districts r. Eur. Norway in Gud- brandsdal! Sweden in Medelpad: M. Huss. V. Homalia Bridel, as genus. A Leaves dentate subfiml iate at apex, denticulate below; costa reaching above middle. Capsules unknown. 15.N.lll8itanica Schimper. — Homalia Sch.; Neckera Kindb. Leaves obovate subobtuse shining; only a single apical tooth prominent. — Rocks r. trees, r. Eur. Mediterr. distr. France: Boulay and Espagne, com. Husnot. Italy: Bottini; Arcangeli. Portugal: Levier. B. Leaves denticulate near apex, nearly entire below; costa vanishing near middle, sometimes shorter and double. IG.N.trichoinanoides Schreber. — Ilypnum Schreb.; Neckera Hartman. Leaves subacute or obtuse (sometimes subacuminate) with several prominent apical teeth, us. subobovate or spathulate, shining when dry. Inner perichetial leaves with patent subu- late acumen. Capsule ovate-oblong; segments entire or rimose; beak of lid nearly as long as capsule. Monoecious us. fruiting. — Trees, stones and earth. Eur. gen. common. Sweden, Nor- way, Germany! »Amer.'»: Lesq. et Jam. IT.N.Jamesii Schimper. — Homalia Sch.; Neckera Kindb. Leaves minutely denticulate all around or nearly entire, neither apiculate nor acuminate, otherwise as in the last. »Cap- Buie with shorter })eristome; lid shorter rostelIate»: Schimj). syn. H. fruiting. — Rocks r. Amer. Can.: ^Lacoun; W'aghorne. II. S.: James, com. C. Mueller. IS.N.MaCOunii (!. M. et Kindb. — Homalia cat. Can. m.; Neckera Kindb.; Homalia obtusata Lesq. et Jam., non Mitten. Leaves arrounded at apex, denticulate to middle, gen. Ungu- late and faintly or not glossy, finally yellow at insertion. Inner perichetial leaves suddenly narrowed to the erect sublinear obtuse acumen. Capsule suboblong; beak of lid much shorter; segments rimose. R. fruiting. Probably dioecious; male llo- wers not found. — Trees and rocks. Atner. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. 120 H.NeokoropsIs Rciclinrrlt (rather a HiibgomiK of NorkornX I.N.IlIldlllnlR Ilcdu'ig. — Noc'kora H; Norkcropsis Ueioli. IjeavoB niKlulatc Hiiltliiioar-lingnhito with broader and cordate hase, faintly denticulate all aroinid; n|i|)er coIIb rhombic, middle and lower lanceolate-linear. Stem cre(>|tinji. »('a|)snle immersed cylindric-oblonp; teeth yellow; pcgmentn carinate as hiph; cplyptra Ttiitriform Pf)arinfily hairy*: C M. 8vn. — TrecK r. Amer. V. a.: Fitzgerald, com. Renauld. (Cuba: \Vripht, com. C. Mueller). 2.N.disti('lia Hedwig. — Neckera PI.; Neckeropsin Kindb. I.,enves not undulate, sublingulate entire or above middle indistinctly denticulate; upper and middle cells rhombic-oval, basal and lower marginal linear. »(-apsule subemergent oblong- cylindric; teeth pale; segments as high, split to base; calyptra conic dimidiate glabrous*: C. M. syn — I'reos r. Amer, U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun. , 15. Porotr! chill!! liridel. l.P.BIgelowii Sullivant. — Hypnum SuU.; Porotrichum Kindb. Leaves distant nearly plane, but involute at one side of base, obtusate acute sharply serrate above, sublinear-lanceolate or sub- lingulate; upper cells hexngonal-oval, middle oblong, lower Bublinear; costa smooth long not percurrent, sometimes forking above. Cai)sule obovate; lid long-rostrate; pedicel curved above. Branches distant. Tufts bright green often glossy. — Wet rocks r. Amer. j*acif. dislr. Can : Macoun. U. S.: Mrs L. C. Feely; E. Hall, com. Macoun; com. Renauld and Cardot. Fam. 6 Leptodontace8B. 16. Leptodoil INhihr. l.L.abietinils Hooker. — Neckera Hook.; Leptodon Kindb.; Alsia Sulliv. ic. muse; Leptodon cininnatus Snll. Leaves serrulate gen. in upi)er third, mamillose-spinulose above at back and costa, more or less acuminate, acute or subobtuse at apex, gen. ovatc-ol)long or (those of stem) ovate- lanceolate, recurved below, often involute at acumen; cells very small and gen. oblong-linear, alar sometimes sub(|uadrate; costa long not percurrent. Inner jierichetial leaves convolute obtusate apiculate. (!apsule red oval-obloi^g; teeth whitish; segments long rimose; calyjitra and vaginula glabrous. Stem us. er(M't, sometimes bipiimate, its naked ])art us. long; branches crow- ded not .lagelliferous; })araphyllia broad fimbriate. — Trees and rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can: Macoun. IJ. S.: Rohender, com. C. Mueller; Miss Mann, com. Cardot; Mrs L. C. Feely; Hall, com. Macoun; Leiberg, com. Mrs Britton. 21 — 2.L.Smitllii Dickson. — Ilypnuru Dickn.; Loptodou Mohr. liPaveh entire .srnootli ohtusc oval-ovate rcourveil below middle; cellK ^'en. rotundate, iniici" near costa Hublinear, basal Hul)oval; costa vanisliinji near or above middle inner periclietial leaves l(in^'-aeuniinategmcnts rudinuwitary oi" wanting; ealyptra and va^inubi hairy. Stem ascending or deeund)ent, its naked part wbort; branches distant ol'tcsn lla^ellit'erous; paraphyllia snl>linear. 1*. fruitinfj;. — Trees and stontjs r. pjur. conunon in meditcrr. distr. France: Li! .Jolis; llnsnot. Italy: Arcang(;li. Austria: JJergj^n-en. Engl.: Davies, coin. \y. II. Pearson. i 17. MiUroillliella Kindb. in check-list of Eur. and N. Anier. mosses. l.M.culit'oniU'a Sullivant. — Antitrichia 8ull. ic. m. Leaves not striate, with ovate-oblong base ami denticulat(! shorter acumen; lower cells lanceolate-oblong; costa reaching to iicumen. Periclietial heaves entire gradually narrowed to a tili- t'orm-pointed aiuuncn. Ci'psule obloug-cylindric gen. long-ex- scrtcd; teeth pale; segments short with distinct longitudinal line; lid rostr.ite. Hteiri pinnate subercct; branches julaceous. Dioecious. — Trees r. Eur. Mediterr. distr. France: Kenauld, com. (Jravet. Aiiier. Pacif. distr. Can.: Maeoun. IJ. S.: Mrs Ames, com. Cardot. Fam 7. Meteoriace8B. 18. rapillaria C. Mueller. l.P.ilijI^re.sCons .Swartz. — liypnum Sw.; Papillaria Sauerbeck et .Ja'ger; Meteorium Mitt.; Les((. et Jam. Leaves entire from cordate base long-acuminate, ventricose in middle, faintly recurved below, involute-cucullate at apex, faintly papillose; cells minute, angular suboval seriate, inner basal sublanceolate; other cells oval-rhombic or rhomboidal. Stem thin subpinnate; branches with naked or at apex foliate llagelhe. » Capsule narrow-oblong; teeth white; lid rostellate»: C. M. Syn. »EndoBtonie as in HomaUay>: Lesip et .Jam. — Trees r. Amer. U, S.: Sawyer, com. Cardot. *l*.J)oniiellii Kindb. n. 8ubs[) ; var. Donnellii Austin m. Apalach. Stem and branches thicker. Leaves not distinctly papillose, abruptly short-acuminate. Capsules unknown. — Amer, r. U. S. Florida: Donnell Smith, com. Maeoun. .- t- 19. 31eteorium Bridel. l.M.peuduluiu Sullivant icon, muscor. . .'.'i. = ; , ' M ' I ■!( t Itl' ■ «. 1 ;: ffi ■., 1 : Ml' >)*) Stoin-loiu'f'H niimito nnrrowly ovatc-liinooolato loiig-aoiiiniimto fililoiin-poiiitiHl, ininutuly (leiiticiiliiti! below, lUJiirly eiitiit; abovo. do(!unent, not or faintly njcurved, |)a})illoHO at hack, patent when dry. Mianch-loaves dentifulate all around, Hublincar or Kubulate-acnninatc; conta faint nuu^hin^ to acnni(Mi. (!a|)Hule niinuto Huboval; jX'diccl about twice longer; t«'etb yellowish; Hegnienthf nearly as bijj;h; lid apieulate. Stem long liliforni Hubpinnate; branehes llagellate very long. — Trees in subtro- pical distr. r. Atner. IJ. S,: Congdon, com. Macoun; Langlois, com. (!ardot. 2.M.fl()ri(Iaillltll Austin. — Neck(!ra Aust.; Meteorium (V) Kindb. ^iiCaves eor.cave cymbiform pli('ateobHoletely))apilloMc, narrowly ob!ong-lanc;olate, br«)adly rovolute, entire or obsoletely serrulate; cells minute, the basal broader; costa vanishing above middle. Primary stem creeping with nerveless leaves; secondary stems somewhat compressed, U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. pendent or erect. — Trees r. Amer. Fam. s Hookeriaceae. 20. Hookeria Taylor. l.H.hrievirciiS Taylor. — Cyelodietyon Mitten. licaves elliptic-obovate obtusate filiform-pointed, slightly ser- rulate above; lower cells liexagonal-oval; nerves reaching al)ovo middle. Capsule oval inclined or pendent; teeth purplish; segments entire as high with high basal membrane; lid long- acuminate or rostellate. Monoecious. — Rocks near water r. Eur. Ireland: Holt and Stewart. 2.H.variailS S\dlivant; Les(|. ct Jam. Leaves suboblong acute sometimes short-acuminate, iciu-ly entire; cells round-hexagonal twice larger than in the last; ner- ves reaching to middle. Capsule oblong horizontal or pendent, very small; teeth purplish; segments entire; lid short-acupii'.ate. Polygamous. — Amer. r. »V. S.»: Les(j. ct Jam. (Cuba: \» right, com. C. Mueller). 21. Callicostella C. Mueller. l.C.cruceana Duby. — Hookeria Duby; Callicostella Sauerbeck et Jaeger. Leaves oblong-lingulate not limbate, not appressed when dry; upper cells papillose irregularly round-polygonal, lower short- rectangular. Capsule very small, oblong or ovate-cylindric; lid half as long; teeth dark purple, segments higher. Stem irregularly divided. Plants small. Amer. r. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. (^Mexico: Duby, herb. C. M.) — n — 22. IMer.v^opIi.>lliiiu Mridi;!. I.IMUCOIIS li. — Hy|»MUin L.; PUM-ygophylliiin Hiid. liC'UVCK plane very lin'^e, roiiiid ovate or siiboval, iirnumded at apex, paloliyaliiie when cinanid; upper relU roiiiid-hexa^o- iial, lower oblong. Perielictial leaves ovate-lanceolate ariiminate. (■apHule Huhoval horizontal or dellexed; teeth orange; Begnients orange entire hh high, their l)Hsa! njenibrane high; lid rostrate; pedicel long red. TuflH loose. Stem irregularly di\ided. Mo- noeciouH. Habit of Mnium pundatum. — Wet placeH princ. near rivulets. Ea)'. France: Zetterstedt. Italy: Anangtili. Austria: Schmidt (lermany: Iluel)ner Kngl.: dash; Holt. Norway: Ahn- feldt, com. S. Hardin. Amer. I'ai (f. distr. .Mi.sUa: J. M. Macoun. Can : J. ISIacoun. 2.l*.8illlivaiitii C'. Mueller. — llookeria L«|. et .Jam. Dillerri from the last: iieaves ovate or suhobloi.g narrower and lePH large subacuminate subacute; cells oval-oblong nearly uniform. Capsules unknown. — Jlocks r. Amer. U. S. Tennessee: Mrs Hritton, com. ('. Mueller. 28. Daltoiiia Hooker et Taylor. l.D.splaciiiioiWes Suith. — Neckera Sm.; Daltonia H. T. Leaves small entire from sublinear-hmceolate base tapering to a subsubulate shorter acumen; middle and lower imier cells ol>long lanceolate, marginal narrow-linear yellowish; costa reaching to acumen. (lapsule small oval-oblong; ttcth whitish or yello- wish; segments entire as long without basal 'Membrane; lid yellow rostrate; pedicel short. Plants small. — lioi-ks and trees r. Eur. Irel.: Holt; M'Ardle. Fam. 9. LeskeacBSB. 24. Thelia Sullivant. A. Leaves green limbriate; their cilia not split. l.T.hirtella Hedwig. — Pterigynandrum H.; Thelia Sull. ic. m. Stem brown-t(uncntose; branches bilateral distant; puraphyllia numerous. Capsule subcylindric; teeth short; segments none; endostomial membrane elevate; lid rostrate; pedicel short. — Trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Drummond n. 79; La\it'son. U. 8.: Uoell; Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; com. ^L•l{•oun and Cardot. 2.T.robusta Duby. » Differs from the last: liranchlets unilateral very crowded. Leaves r. simply costate. Endostomial segments obtuse. — Amer. x. U. S.»: Lesq. et .Jam. o.T.coiupacta Kindb. in Ottawa Naturalist iV. m 24 r l! *:*; : Stem bro\vn-t()iiient(ipe; uranohos unilateral crowdc.]; para- phyllia none. Capsule buboblong; teeth short; Hegnients none; endostomial membrane low; lid not rostrate; pedii-el shorter than in T. hirtella. — Trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser. 1{. Leaves glaucous green; their cilia sj)lit IJd of capsule rostrate. Endoslomial segments distinct; basal membrane elevate- 4.T.asp:-ell{l Schimper. — Leskea Sch,; Thelia Sull. ic. m. Stem brown-tomentose; branches short more or less distant, not unilateral; parai)hyiiia present, fjeavcs fimbriate with In- furcate cilia, Cap?vle cylindric-oblong; teeth long; pedicel not long. — Trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun, 'I. S.: Iloell; Austin, com. Macoun. 5.T.Lescurii Sullivant icon, muscor. Stem not tomentose; branches unilateral elongate crowded or distant; paraphyllia none. Ijeaves not fiml)riate, sometimes obtusate obtuse; cilia divided in 2, 3 or 4 lobes. Capsule cy- lindric; teeth not long; pedicel longer tlian in the last. — Sandy ground or rocks r. Amer. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun. 2.5. rter.v^ynandriini Hedwig. l.P.iiliforme Timm. — Hypnum T.; Pterigynandrum Hedw. Jjeaves recurved below, serrulate above, often striate, us. de- current and not appressed; upper cells oblong, lower linear- lanceolate; costa reaching to middle or shorter. Stem-leaves recurved nearly all around, subovate or obovate, often short- acum'nate. Branch-leaves ovate-oblong obtusate sul)obtuse us. very papillose. Capsule oblong-cylindric; teeth hyaline or yello- wish; segments short. Stem us. denudate at base, in American variety creeping. — Trees and stones. Eur. common princ. in southern distr. Switzerl., (Terniany, Sweden, Norway! Amer. not c(>mn)on. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. *r. papillositllllll C. M. et Kiiulb. cat. (!anad. in. Differs in leaves neither striate nor decurrent, appressed when dry and not glossy; the youkiger subhyaline nearly smooth short-acuminate acute. Capsules unknown. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Rot'ky mts: Macoun. *l*.decipiens Weber et Mohr. — Neckera W. M.; J^terygynan- drum Lindb. Leaves indistinctly decurrent, not striate, gen. obtusate, ap- pressed when dry and not glossy; those of stem less recurved. Brani'hes thicker. Very r. fruiting. »Endostomial segments as high as teeth »: Limjn'icht. — Rocks princ. in colder distr. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.l Amer, r. Can.: Waghorne. — 25 2(>. Leskea lleduig. A. Leaves nearly uniform, more or lesB recurved, smooth at borders at least below, more or less opake, often faintly papillose, l.L.polycarpa Ehrhart. • ' ' ' - .. ; Leaves faintly recurved near base, gen. acute short-decinTont not much distant; those of stem ovate-oblong, those of branches subovate. Perichetial leaves long-acuminate; costa thin. CapsuL' subcylindric often large; teeth pale yellow, segments nearly as high; lid conic acute often apiculate. Tufts often green. — Kocks and base of trees ])rinc. on humid ])laces. Eur. common bolow alp. regions. Sweden, Germany, Italy! Amer. not r. Can.: iMacoun; Drummond n. 22o. U. S.: Jesup, com. Macoun. Greenl.: Wenck, com. Roell. *L.sllbobtl!SifoIia C. M. ct Kindb. cat. Canad. ui. , Branch-leaves very distant and decurrent gen. obtuse. Cap- sule not large; lid convex apiculate. — Base of trees r. Amer- Can.: Macoun. U. S. Ohio: Purpus, com. Roell. 2.L.obscura Hedwig; Sullivant icon, muscor. Leaves recurved gen. all around, smaller than in the last, nearly crowded and not decurrent, subovate gen. obtusate obtuse, rericiietial leaves short-acuminate; costa thick. Cai)sulc sub- oblong small; teeth pale; segments short; lid conic obtuse or subobtuse. Tufts us. dirty green. Branches shorter than in the last. — Base of trees near water r. Amer. U. S,: Hullivant, com. C. Mueller; Austin, com. Macoun; com. Kenauld and Cardot. B. Leaves very diversiform, not distinctly recurved, very pa- pillose also at borders all around, opake. ;'.L.(V)Car(loti Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. — »Le&kca obscura Hedwig»: Cardot in litt. liCaves nearly cro\(led; those of stem narrowly ovate-oblong acuminate acute; those of branches broad ovate gen. subobtuse apiculate. Capsule suboblong; peristome not seen. Habit of Anomodon. — Amer. r. U. S. Louisiana: Langlois, com. .]. Cardot. 27. Lescura'a Bryol. eur. A. (V)Bta of leaves not excurrent. Cppermost branch-leaves r. mamillose above. l.L. striata Schwajgrichen. — Ptevogonium Schw.; Lescursea Br. eur. Leaves oblong-lanceolate gradually acuminate recurved to the m somewhat long acumen, slightly decurrent, us. entire; cells 3 n» 1 mmmmm mmKM \ ||.l li' I .: -H !l — 2(i — narrowly lanceolate-linear exc. the subquadrate alar and lower marginal. Apical cells of branch-lea .es linear hyaline. Cap- Bule small oval-oblong or subcylindric; teeth orange; segmentH brittle; basal membrane nearly indistinct; cilia none; lid conic acute. Branches straight. 'i\ifts us. green not glosi-y. Habit of Pseudoleskea. — Trees pi-inc. in southern disir. r. Eur. Prance: Husnot. Italy: Bottini. *L.saxicola (Br. eur., as var.) Molendo. Leaves somewhat larger, gen. shorter-acuminate and denticu- late nea' apex, us. yellowish and glossy. Branches often cur- ved. Resembles Pseudoleskea decipkns. R. fruit. — Alp. rocks. Eur. not r. Norway fruit.! 2.L.iinperfecta C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m. Differs from L. striata: Leaves from short subovate recurved base suddenly narrowed to a long subulate or filiform acumen, distinctly decurrent; upper and middle cells oval-oblong, inner near costa oblong-linear. Capsule oblong; endostomial mem- brane distinct; cilia short; lid subobtuse. — Earth and trees r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.; Macoun. B. Costa of some leaves long-excurrent. Upper branch-lea- ves often mamillose above. 3,L.steil0pliylla Renauid et Cardot. — Pseudoleskea Ren. et Card.; Lescursea Kindb. Leaves narrowly ovate- lanceolate gradually long-acuminate nearly entire, recurved below; upper cells subobJong, lower inner oblong-lanceolate. Capsule suboblong erect or finally in- clined; teeth brownish; segments as high (very narrow); basal membrane very low. Tufts green or yellowish. — Rocks and trees r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. alp. region: Macoun. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. 4.L.frig:ida Kindb. n. sp. Leaves from subovate b .se nearly gradually narrowed to the long subulate or liliform-pointed acumen, recurved to it .nd distinctly decurrent; cells sublinear except the quadrate alar; costa sometimes long-excurrrnt. Stem-leaves gen. entire; branch- leaves serrulate at the whole acumen, sometimes short-acumi- nate and faintly mamillose. Capsules unknown. Stem sub- pinnate. Tufts dark brown or blackish, not glossy. Very di- stinct in serrulate branch-leaves and very narrow leaf-cells. — Amer. r. Can. Northern Labrador: Macoun 1896. ., . . , 28. Myrinia Schimper. l.M.pulvinata Wahlenberg. — Leskea \N'ng; Myrinia Schim- per; Helicodontium Lindb. *: Ihi 27 Leaves ovate acute not recurved, erect when dry; upper cells rhombic, lower oval-oblong, lowest basal subquadrate; costa va- nishing below middle. Capsule small oval-oblong; teeth reddish; segments lower, orange, with longitudinal line and basal mem- brane; lid conic; pedicel short. Tufts dirty green. Brandies disti'-nt not curved. Monoecious. Habit of Leskea polycarpa but with smaller leaves. — On base of trees, r. on rocks, princ. near rivers, r. Eur. Sweden 185o! Norway! Amer, Can.: Macoun. 2.M.Dieckii Renauld et Cardot. Leaves gen. obtuse, sometimes recurved below, appressed when dry; cells rhomboidal or oval-oblong except the quadrate not well-defined alar; josta subpercurrent oi somewhat shorter. Stem leavef> ovate-oblong subacute; branch-leaves broad-ovate or suboval, sometimes indistinctly apiculate. Capsule (not ripe) Rubcylindric; lid not apiculate; pedicel short smooth. Branches distant not curved. Peristome and male flowers unknown. — Trees r. Amer. Pacif. distr. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. 29. Helicodontiuni Schweegricihen. l.H.subcapillatum Hedwig. — Pterygynandrum H.; Helico- dontium Kindb.; Homalothecium iSchimp.; Sail. ic. m. Leaves serrulate all around or above middle, not striate, re- curved to acumen, very small and not appressed; alar cells hyaline, the others rhomboidal oblong or the inner basal subli- near; costa gen. simple vanishing near or above middle, some- times shorter and double. Stem-leaves ovate abruptly narrowed to a long filiform or subulate point, decurrent; branch-leaves ovate-oblong gen. long-subulate. Perichetial leaves narrow long- acuminate. Capsule suboblong very small; teeth red, bordered at base (»sometime8 also above»: Sull. 1. c.) by the rudimen- tary endostome; lid rostellate; pedicel faintly rough, very short; calyptra sometimes beset with long hairs. Spores large. Bran- ches erect subdistant not or faintlv curved. Dioecious. — On bark r. Macoun. Amer. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Wolf, com. Fam. 10. EntodontacesB. 30. Holnil^renia Lindberg (Orthothecium Schiuii^er). A. Tufts loose sparingly radiculose. Leaves more or less striate, reddish at insertion, Endostome not longer than teetl:. a. Leaves us. large and distinctly striate or plicate, recur- ved. Branches mostly long. l.H.chryvSea Schwiegrichen. — Hypnum Schw.; Holmgrenia Lindb. 1862; Brachythecium lapponieum (Lindb.) Schimper. m n 1 ii III •^ II M '.' ii Ml 11 1; |i i i — 28 — Leaves ovate-oblong subobtuse or ovate-lanceolate acute or short-acunninate, abruptly (Contracted to a filiform point, us. sub- erect when dry. Capsule cylindric suberect; lid obtuse. Tufts golden glossy, r. greenish. Branches gen. simple. R. fruiting. — Wet rocks and swamps in alps r. Eur. princ. in northerji districts. Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun. 2.H.rufe8Cen8 Dickson. — Hypnum D.; Holmgrenia Ldb. lieaves ovate-lanceolate gradually long-subulate and filiform- pointed, patent also when dry. Capsule cylindric erect; lid obliquely rostellate Tufts us. copper-glossy, sometimes green. Branches often divided. Less r. fruiting. — Wet rocks princ. in alps. Eur, not r., often in southern distr. Norway, Hwitzerl.! Amer. »Can.»: Lesq. et Jam. * H.complanata Kindb. — Orthothecium Kindb. Laubm. Schw. u. Norw. r^eaves less patent, smaller und shorter with shorter acumen and not long filiform point, faintly striate. Branches often coni- planate. Capsules unknown. — Alpine rocks r. Eur. Norway!; S. 0. Lindberg and E. Nyman. b. Leaves small, faintly or not striate, sometimes not recur- ved. Branches us. short. S.H.rubella Mitten. — Stereodon Mitt.; Holmgrenia Kindb.; H. binervula Molendo. Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate, abruptly contracte;! to a filiform point, us. recurved and faintly striate, more or less patent. Tufts copper-glossy or yellowish, r. olivaceous or green. Capsules unknown. — Rocks often in crevices and caverns princ. in alps, r. Eur. Norway! *H.stricta Lorentz. Leaves with shorter filiform point, less or indistinctly striate, us. not recii ved, more appressed when dr\\ — Eur. r. Norway, Switzerl.l Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. B. Tufts intricate radiculose. liCaves not striate, pale or yellowish at insertion. Endostome longer than teeth. 4.H.irrorata Sendtner. — Leskea Sendt. 1848; Holmgrenia Kindb.; Hypnum C. M. syn.; Leskea intricata Hartman 1849. Leaves small ovate-lanceolate, gradually long-subulate with gen. filiform point, not recurved, patent and us. green and silky glossy when dry. Capsule oval-oblong suberect; lid conic. Stem divided; branches short often curved. Perichetial leaves denticulate above. Very r. fruiting. — Crevices and caverns of rocks princ. in alps, r. Etir. Norway, SAvitzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun. — 29 — 31. Entodon C. Mueller (Cylindrothecium Schimper). > A. Leaves obtiisate or phort-acuminate, entire or near apex (lenticulate-sinuolate. Endostome not much lower than teeth. a. LeaveB entire with traces of several nerves near base. Stem pinnate eradiculose. Dioecious r. fruiting. , .. l.E.orthocarpiis Dela Pylaie. — Hypnum Dela P.; Entodon Lindb.; Cylindrothecium conoinnum (Not.) Schimp. Leaves ovato obtuse subcucullate at apex, not large, at in- pertion yellow; .lai- ce\h small green. Capsule cylindric; teeth red-yellow; annulus narrow; lid not rostellate; pedicel long. Stem rigid pale ; branches subdistant somewhat turgid. Tufts loose green or yellowish. Habit of Hylocomiiim Schreberi. — Dry earth and stone. Eur. not r. Norway! Switzerl.I; Schimper and Piiilibert (fruit, specim.). Amer. r. Can. N. Foundl.: Waghorne. b. Leaves entire or near apex denticulate-sinuolate; costa double or indistinct. Stem irregularly divided or subpinnate, more or less radiculose. Monoecious often fruiting. aa. Branches turgid julaoeous. Leaves sometimes short-acu- minate; costa often distinct. ^ 'i.E.sedllctrix Hedwig. — Neckera H.; Entodon C. M.; Cylin- drothecium Sulliv. icon. muse. Ijcaves oval-ovate acute sometimes with deflexed point, very concave but not cucullate, us. quite entire; cells often wider than ill allied species, alar finally hyaline. Capsule cylindric; teeth orange distantly articulate; annulus more or less imper- fect; lid rostrate; pedicel us. short. Perichetial leaves acute or short-ai)iculatc. Tufts dense us. green. Branches crowded. — Trees and logs in moist places. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Drunimond n. 160a in part, com. Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C .Mueller; Purpus, (om. Hoell; com. Kenauld and Cardot. :>.K.Sllllivailtii C, Mueller. — Cylindrothecium SuU. ic. m. Leii.vcs Huboblong short-acuminate less concave, us. sinuolate or denticulate near apex; cells narrow. Capsule oblong-cylin- dric; teeth orange densely articulate; annulus perfect; lid ro- strate; ])edicel somewhat long. Perichetial leaves long-pointed. Branches less turgid and less crowded. — Trees r. Amer. Can.: White, com. Macoun. U. S.: Sawyer, com. Cardot. bb. Branches compressed. Leaves us. obtusate; costa us. in- distinct. 4.K.('ladorhi%ans Hedwig. — Neckera H.; Entodon C. Mueller in part; Cylindrothecium Sulliv. icon. muse. Leaves oval-ovate abruptly coutracted to a short deflexed — 30 — I liji « V «i !»' «i;; 111 If point or obtuse, not cucnllate and not distinotly denticulate; alar cells small not well-defined on a short-triangular space. Capsule subcylindric; teeth red bolow, pale above; annuius broad revoluble; lid acute or apiculate; pedicel about 2 — 8 centim. long. Branches crowded faintly compressed. 7ufts dense green or brown-yellow. — Rocks and log«! in woods. Amer. Can. r.: Macoun. * K.iranssilvaniciis Demeter in revue bryol. 1885. — E. da- dorhizans *minutipes Kindb. in sched. Peristome paler. Pedicel of capsule less than 1 centim. long. — Logs r. Eur. near Moscou: Zickendrath. Amer. Can.: Ma- coun Canad. m. 268. S.E.Schleicheri Br. eur. — Cylindrothecium Br. eur ; Entodon Brotherus enum. muscor. Caucas. Differs from E. dadorhizavs: Leaves often cucuUate at apex; alar cells on a narrow-triangular space. Capsule with narrow persistent annuius; lid conic obtuse or acute. Branches less crowded and more compressed. Tufts somewhat loose sparingly radiculose us. green. — - Ro(^ks and stony earth. Eur. south, distr. Italy, Switzerl.! France: Schimper. 6.E.compressns Hedwig. — Leskea H.; Entodon C Mueller; Cylindrothecium Sulliv. icon. muse. Differs from E. dadorhizavs: Capsule oblong cylindric; teeth red; lid rostrate; pedicel often short. Branches more compres- sed gen. distant. Tufts sparingly radiculose green or light brown. — Fjogs r. Eur. »Russia: Pallas»: Lindberg. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Austin, com. Macoun. T.E.DrnmniOndii Bruch et Schimper. — Cylindrothecium Br. et Sch.; Entodon Kindb. Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong acute or short-acuminate, den- ticulate near apex, less crowded; alar cells large on a short- triangular space, inner ))aeal sometimes similar Perichetial leaves serrulate at acumen. Capsule oblong cylindric, substru- mose at base; annuius indistinct; lid rostrate; pedicel long. Branches complanate. Tufts green sparingly radiculose. — Sto- nes and logs r. Amer. U. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot. B. lieaves long-acuminate crowded; costa gen. indistinct. a. Leaves nearly entire. Endostomial segments wanting. 8.E.brevisetus Hooker et Wilson. — Neckera H. VV.; Entodon Kindb.; Cylindrothecium Br. et Sch.; Sull. ic. m. licaves from ovate-oblong base abruptly narrowed to a su- bulate filiform-pointed acumen; alar cells large on a narrow- — 31 — triangular or snV>linear spare. Capsule subcylindric; teeth pale red; annulus broad loosed in pieces or revoluble; lid obtuse; pedicel often short. Branches crowded faintly compressed. Tufts dense .jreen or brown. Monoecious. — On prostrate trees r. Amer. Can.: Moser. U. S.: SuUivant, com. C. Mueller; Austin, com. Macoun. b. Leaves denticulate nearly all around. Capsules unknown. 9.E.acicii1ai*i8 C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m. Leaves with snbovate base and subulate or filiform -pointed acunien, with difficulty loosed from the stem; inner basal cells narrow, angular suboval numerous, special alar r. distinct. Branches julaceous. Tufts compact radiculose. Probably dioe- cious. — Rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. lO.EMacounii C. M. et Kindb. 1. c. Leaves with subovate or ovate-obiong base and subulate acunien; lower basal cells suboval nearly similar not large. Branches complanate. Tufts green sparingly radiculose. Dioe- cious. — Logs r, Amer. Can.: J. Macoun. 32. Platygyrium Bryol. eur. l.Prepens Bridel. — Pterigynandrum Brid.; Platygyrium Br. eur. Leaves* recurved entire ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acu- minate without filiform point; upper cells rhomboidal-oblong, middle lanceolate-linear, alar quadrate often orange on a trian- gular space. Perichetial leaves entire long-subulate, orange at base. Capsule oval-oblong or subcylindric; teeth orange; seg- ments yellow linear-subulate entire, not connated at base, shor- ter than teeth without basal membrane; lid rostellate; pedicel gen. not long. Tufts us. glossy green. Branches short, often curved, f-ometimes with small branchlets to propagation. Dioe- cious or pseudo-monoecious. Resembles Pylaisia and Hypnum pericha'tinle. — On trees or r. on rocks. Eur. not common, r. fruiting. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. H.: SuUivant, com. C. Mueller. 'i.P.brachycladon Bridel. — Pterigynandrum Brid.; Plalygyrium Kind)).; Neckera C. M. syn. Differs from the last: Endostomial segments orange linear connated at base and not shorter than teeth; lid of capsule rostrate; monoecious. Branches straight elongate. — Trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. 8. Michigan: Purpus, com. Roell. 33. Tripterocladiiim (J. Mueller in Flora 1875, as subgenus. A. Branch-leaves denticulate nearly all around. lllli I 'H I' — 32 — l.T.leucocladlllliin C. M. — Hypnum C. M. 1. c. Leaves pellucid, recurved below middle; cells small short, alar dusky numerous. 8t( m-leaves entire below acumen, gen. ovate- oblong long-acuminate; cells gen. narrow. Hranch-loavoH sub- ovate smaller; cells gen. oval-oblong. Periclietial leaves sharply serrate. Capsule small oylindrio-oval sul)erect; endostomc withoul basal membrane; lid conic acute; pedicel short. Perigonial leaves entire broad-oval obtuse. Stem ])innate; branches slender Julaceous. — Amer. Western distr. r. U. S.: llnrwey, com. C. Mueller; Leiberg, com. Koell. 2.T.coinpressiiluiii C. Mueller I. c. Diifers from the last: Leaves subovate gen. short-acuminate, those of stem faintl.y denticulate nearly all around. Stem irre- gularly divided. »Capsule cernuous narrowly cylindric*: C. M. — Amer. Pacif. distr. r. U. 8.: Neeve, com. C. Mueller. II. Leaves gen entire, only those of branches fiiintly dcnti- culjite near apex. Ca])sulos unknown. IJ.T.rupestre Kindb. cat. Can. m. — Platvgvrium Kindb. bull. 'Porr. club XVII. Leaves gen. subovate. Stem irregularly divided. Tufts in- tricate. — Differs from the both last: Stem-leaves more broadly revolute to above middle; branch-leaves often obtusate acute; alar cells more numerous. — Rocks r. Amer, Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. Fam. n. Climaciaceae. 84. Climaciuiii Weber et Mohr, l.Cv.denrtroides L. — Hypnum L.; Climacium W. M. Stem-leaves broadly ovate-oblong apiculate entire nf»t decurrent. Hranch-leaves ovate-lanceolato obtuse with subcordate base, ilen- ticulate above middle, sharply dentate at apex; upjier cells linear-lanceolate, lowest inner basal shorter and wider, alar and lower basal us. red-brown. Perichetial leaves costate. Capsule cylindric not long; teeth ])urplish brown ; lid with not long beak. Less often fruiting. — Wet meadows and rocks r. on trees or in water. Eur. oomnioni Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Henry, com, Cardot. In a variety, floating in water, stem is irregularly divided. Eur. Sweden: E. Nyman. ,,., ,,vi ,; In an other variety (forma depauperata Boulay?), growing on trees, the naked part of stem is nearly indistinct, leaves are densely appressed when dry, their alar cells hyaline. Eur, Norway near Lillehammerl — 33 'i.C.americannni Bridel; Sullivant icon, muscor. Stem-leavcB obtuse entire long-deeurrent gen. broad-ovate; oosta subpercurrent. Branch leaves acute ovate-oblong cordate, denticulate from base, sharply serrate above middle; iimer basal cells somewhat dilated. Pcrichetial leaves nerveless. Capsule long-cylindric; lid long-rostrate; teeth orange-red. Often fruiting. — Logs and roots of trees. Amer. common princ. in Pacif. distr. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.: J. Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; A. G. Wetherby; com. Renauld and Cardot. In a variety (C. americanum var. Kindbergii Renauld et Car- dot) leaves are shorter and broader; those of stem rotundate- ovate, those of branches ovate. — Amer. U. S.: com. Renauld and Cardot. 35. Alsia Sullivant. , . , , . , -y l.A.longipes SulHvant et Lesquereux; Sulliv. icon. m. Stem-leaves obtusate ovate-oblong denticulate, above; branch- leaves ovate-lanceolate acute, obtusiite or short acuminate, serrate above, entire and recurved below; upper cells roimd-oval, lower suboblong; costa dentate above at back, reaching to acumen. Capsule cylindric erect; segments rimose; cilia appendiculate; lid rostrate. Branches pinnate slightly curved, not much tur- gid. Dioecious. — Rocks r. Anitr. U. S.: Bolainder, com. lie- nauld. .' 2.A.circinnata Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Alsia Kindb.; Eu- rhynchium Bryol. eur. Lower stem-leaves from broad-ovate base long-acuminate, minutely denticulate; upper cells lanceolate-linear, lower oblong- lanceolate; costa vanishing in acunnen. Branch-leaves small ovate-oblong acute, serrate above, denticulate and recurved below; inner cells gen. suboblong, middle suboval; costa subpercurrent dentate at back. Capsule subovate inclined or horizontal, not or slightly curved; segments split; cilia and lid as in the last. Branches turgid circinnate subpinnate. Dioecious r. fruiting. Habit of Isothecium Breweri and Pterogonimn. — • l^^arth and stone r. Eur. Italy: Bottini; Roell; Arcangeli. France: Henry^ com. Husnot. Engl.: Curnow. Irel: Holt. Scorpiuriuni rivale Schimper, differing in ovate obtusate entire leaves with suboval cells, is by I'rof. Boulay regarded as a state of this species. — In water r. Eur. France: Boulay, com. Husnot. 86. Isotheciuni Ikidcl. .„.,; A. Branches not compressed. ■4H'i>. Miti mi It N' 'hi I -I .1 ■'■' # Si Hi! I!l 1 1!' m — 34 — l.M.VIirft. IjenvoH gen. ohtiipnte or short pointed, not d ecu r rent; upper oells (.either on Btenti- or brnnchlenveH) rhombic-oblong; cofita gen. Hymrt. Brnnches us. curved, often Julaceous. Dioe- cioufl. 2.My08lirofdoa. Leavep gen. long-acuininato, often Bhort-decur- rent; borders not or near base recurved; U{)j)er cells lanceolate; costa us. reaching to acumen. Branches not julaceous, often curved. Dioecious not often fruiting. S.Stoloilifera. Leaves long acuminate us. recurved to acumen; cells linear; costa reaching to or in acumen. Branches not julaceous, us. straight, often with numerous flngellee (stolons). Monoecious or pseudo-monoecious often fruiting. B. Branches compressed. 4.Thaninioidefl. Leaves small not decurrent, subdistichous gen. obtusate; upper cells suboval or rotundate. Branches r. curved. Dioecious. 1 . Myura. A. Leaves obtusate or short-acuminate. a. S.'sm-leaves entire at least below middle; costa short faint. l.I.myurum Pollich. — Hypnum Poll.; leothecium Bridel. Stem-leaves suboblong acute gen. obtusate, denticulate above; branch-leaves oblong-lanceolate short-acuminate faintly denticu- late; upper cells rhombic-oblong, lower sublinear, alar rotun- date on a round or short-triangular space; costa vanishing near middle. Perichetial leaves serrate above middle, subulate acu- minate sometimes filiform-pointed. Capsule cylindric-oblong erect; teeth ])ale yellow; segments ])ale as high; cilia short; lid apiculate or rostellate; pedicel smooth. Branches crowded fasci- culate not julaceous. Tufts loose green. Not r. fruiting. — Trees, rocks and earth in woods. Eur. common. Sweden, Ger- many, Switzerl.l 2.1.circinnans Schimper. — Hypnum Sch.; C. M. syn.; Iso- thecium Sauter; Lmyurum var. robustum Schimp. syn. in part. Differs from the last: Leaves larger and broader, oval-oblong subobtuse entire; perichetial entire with very short acumen. Stem pinnate; branches julaceous often acute. Tufts dense. — Rocks r. Eur. Spain, Switzerl.l France: Husnot. B.I.aplocladuni Mitten. Stem-leaves from ovate-oblong base abruptly narrowed to a short subulate or filiform point, faintly denticulate above; cells sublinear aLso at apex; costa short but distinct. Branch-leaves oval-oblong obtusate obtuse or subacute, serrate nearly all 85 — around; apical cells Huboblong; eostn vaniflhing near middle. Stem pinnate not rodiculosc; branchep curved nearly crowded and HubjulaceouH. Tufts brown-green. »CnpHule suberect oval- cylindric; lid acuminate; pedicel uliglitly rough*: Lepq. et Jam. — Amer. Pacif. distr. r. Can.: Macoun. U. 8. Oregon mt Hood: Roell. 4.I.brach.yeladon Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. DiiTers from the lawt: Leaves Htnaller; those of stem subovate nearly entire with very short or indistinet costn; branch-leaves sometimes short-acuminate. Stem ereeping irregularly divided; branches distant very short, slightly curved and not julaceous. Tufts bright green. Capsules unknown. Habit of I. sfnatulum. — Under damp rocks r. Amer. Can. Vane, isl.: Macoun 1893. b. Stem- leaves denticulate below middle; costa thick reaching to *U. Leaves not large. 5.I.Breweri Lesquereux. — Hypnum fiq.; Isothecium Kindb. Stem-leaves ovate acute or short-acuminate, denticulate below, serrate above; branch-leaves suboblong acute more sharply ser- rate; upper and middle cells rhombic or oblong-rhomboidal, lower lanceolate, alar short on a long space. Perichetial leaves abruptly contracted to a very long subulate serrate acumen. Capsule small subcylindric erect or inclined; teeth yellow higher than segments; cilia long; lid acute. Tufts dense subintricate UB. brown and glossy. Stem subpinnate; branches crowded julaceous. Habit of Plerogonimn. — Rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.; Brewer, Henderson and Miss Maim, com. Cardot. G.Linyurelliini Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVH. Differs from the last: Leaves more sharply serrate above; cells narrower, middle linear, alar disposed on a short space. Perichetial leaves nearly entire with short filiform point. Cap- sule suboval; lid mamillate or subapiculate. Tufts loose not glossy, often dark green. Stem pinnate; branches distant. — Trees r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. I'. S.: Bohender, com. Cardot. T.I.hylocomioides Kindb. — 1. myosuroides subsp., Kindb. note on Canad. bryol. 1893. Differs from I. Breiveri: Leaves shorter, subovate gen. sub- obtuse, more sharply serrate above to below middle; apical cells oval-oblong, middle and lower linear, alar dispo-sed on a short space. Perichetial leaves minutely denticulate. Capsule cylindric oblong sometimes curved; teeth pale yellow; cilia short; i ^9 36 — !■■ lid not Heen. TuftH loose green or brovn-jireen. .Stem bipin- nate; bnuK^hcH nnnierous not julaceous, often with short tta- gollee. — Il()(;kH r. Anifir. Can. V^anc. i»l.: Macun. B. Leaven ^'cn. lon^'-iuniniinate, ovate-oblong or ovnte-lanceo- late; eosta thick gen. long. Stem irregularly pinnate. LeaveB Homewhat large. H.I.tlianillioUles Kindb. n. sp. — »I. aggregatuni* lundb. cat. Can. m. Stem-leavcH denticulate below, Herratt oi* twice Kerrulate above; n])per ccIIh rhombic or rhomboidid Hranch-leavess Kcrrate nearly all around; upper celln lanceolate-linear, middle and lower sub- linear, alar dinpoeed on a nhort p])a(e. Perichetial leaveg ser- rate, ('apsule cylindric inclined or slightly curved; lid short- acuminate; teeth yellow; cilia short appendiculiite. Tufte loose gloKsy green. Branche- long-attenuate nearly crowded not jula- ceous. — Ivockn r. Amei'. Can. Brit. Col. and Vane, isl.: Ma- coun. U.I.flggregatliiil Mitten. — Hypnum Mitt.; iHothecium Kindb. » Lower leaves npreading broadly hastate ovate-acuminate sube(;ostate; those on the middle of the branches broadly ovate; those near the top costate-acuminate subjulaceous imbricate serrulate toward the acute apex. I'erich(iial leaves ovate-lanceo- late acuminate nerved to middle, .serrate and refiexed at apex. Capsule cyliiidrical irregular inclined; lid conical acuminate; segments narrow (V); cilia solitary short. The author compares it, on account of the julaceous imbrication of the leaves, to some states of Pterogonium gracile, while other stems have a resemblance to Hypnum myurum. — Amer. Vane. isl. and Brit. Col.»: Lesq. et Jam. man. lO.l.Howei Kindb. revue bryol 1895. . Leaves entire belou middle, serrate above, often filiform-poin- ted; areolation as jii /. Breu-eri; costa vanishing near mieHV('8 Hernilato all aroiiiid, n'cuived only near banc, ««ul>(l«>- current not dunnely crowded; alar cellH numeroiis llnally yellow on a Huboval npace; costa hrnooth well-diKtinot ^en. lon^ but not reacbinj? to acumen. Stern-leuvoH subovate Hhort-acununa- te ofii,en with long filiform point; branch- leaves narrowly ovate- oblong long-acuminate with short filiform |)oint. l*erichetial leaves contra'"ttil to a long serrulate subulate liliform-pointed acumen. Capsule subcylindric un. inclined; cMiii short; lid short-rostrate. Stem suberect or decumbent; branches soine- times flagellate. Tufts loose us. green. — On rocks and base of trees. tJar. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amet\ r. Can. (not in Pacif. distr.): Macoun; Waghorno. l^.I.Holtn Kindb. revue bryol. \H\)o. Differs from the last: Leaves shorter and crowded; those of branches broad-ovate subobtuse without filiform point. Capsule Buboval larger. Stem rigid; branches subjulaceous. — Stone.-t by rivers r. Eur. Engl. Wales: (J. A. Holt 1S.S5. IB.l.tenilinerve Kindb check-list of Eur. and N. Amer. mossefl. — 1. myosuroides brevinerve Kindb. note on Can. bryol. 1898. Differs from I. myosuroides: Leaves narrower with long fili- form point; alar cells often finally brown on a round si)ace. Stem-leaves nearly entire; branch-leaves ovate-lanceolate; costa UN. faint vanishing far below acinnen, sometimes double or in- distinct. Lid of capsule conic acute not rostellate. — Hocks in woods. Etu. not r. Sweden! Germany: Huebner. France: Husnot m. Gall. Fteroer: com. C. Jensen. Amer. r. Can.: Waghorne. H.I.acUticuspis Mitten; Lescj. et Jam. man. » Leaves loosely imbricate; those below the perichtetium cor- date-ovate narrowly long-acuminate, minutely serrulate on the borders, nearly smooth at the cuspidate apex, with a very short diffused costa, forking or entire, vanishing in middle; cells of basal angles obscured or dusky; leaves of branchlets elliptical- ovate acute serrulate nerved to the middle; the perichetial su- bulate from an oblong ecostate base, recurved, very entire. Capsule oval inclined; pedicel short; lid conical; cilia short. — Mitten, who had seen only two stems of this moss, says that it may be H. Breiverianum LeBq., but that the description of that species is not sufficiently complete to be quite certain. — Amer. Brit. Col.: Douglas*: Lesq. et Jam. I. c. (Authenfical specimens not seen). B. Leaf-cells oblong-lanceolate, lowest basal oval-quadrate, alar green. Branch-leav«8 faintly striate. Lid of capsule long- rostrate. Stem decumbent; branches short. t^'i 38 — Mi ii; -1? '11 I k '1 '• >■> f! 15.1.striatllllini Spruce. — Hypiuitn Spr.; iBotheciuin Kindb.; EurhyiK'hium Schiuip.; »Hypnum filescens Bridel»: C. M. syu. Leaves serrulate all around, recurved below, subdecurrent not densely crowded; costa long ntout often rough at back. Stem-leaves subovate with long subulate or filiform often twi- sted acumen. Branch-leaves ovate or broadly ovate-oblong, short-acuminate without filiform point. Capsule oval-oblong; cilia long. Tufts green not glossy. Resembles often /. myosu- roides in habit. Very r. fruiting. — Rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.! Sweden: Lindberg. France: Philibert. Italy: Arcangeli. 3. Stolonifera. IG.I.stoloniferuni Hooker. — Hypnum Hook.; Isotheeium Bridel. Leaves small ovate-lanceolate with long often filiform-pointed acumen, serrate above, entire below middle, deourrent; alar cells on -i short spacre. Perichetial leaves long-subulate with filiform point. Capsule oval-oblong; teeth pale; cilia long; lid acute or apiculate. Tufts soft green or whitish green, faintly or silky glossy. Branches crowded; tlagella; numerous long slender. — Trees. Amer. Pacif. distr. not uncommon. Can.: J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. U. S.: Howell, com. Cardot. IT.I.spiculiferum Mitten. Differs from the last: Leaves larger, serrate nearly all around, not decurrent; perichetial short-subulate. Capsule oblong; teeth pale; cilia short. Tufts less soft us. brownish and glossy. Branches shorter, less slender, often less crowded; flagellse often wanting. — Trees. Amer. Pacif. distr. not uncommon. Can.: Macoun; Roeli. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. IS.I.Cardoti Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVIL Leaves larger than in the both last, shoiter acuminate; those of stem faintly denticulate below with an at apex tvisted acu- men; cells often yellow. Perichetial leaves long-subulate. Cap- sule oval; teeth yellow; cilia long; lid acute. Stem often pin- nate; branches not crowded; flagclla) thick r. present. More robust than the both last. Tufts us. brown. — Trees r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. L. S.: Roell, com. J. Cardot. 4. Tharanioidea. 19.I.obtu8atuliiiii Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. Stem-leaves broad-ovate short acuminate acute, recurved below, serrate above; branch-leaves smaller, suboval obtusate often obtuse; upper (sometimes also the middle) cells oval or broad- oblong, middle narrowly oblong or sublanceolate; costa reaching 39 to "'It or -iiortei'. CapHule ohloiif:!; teoth yellowish; cilia nodose shorter; lid muticous ueute. Stem pinnate; branchet* gen. dibtiint, often Hagelliferous. Tufts dark green. — Rocks r, Amer. Can. Vane, isl: Roell 1888, Macoun 189:'.. 20.I.Ho1zingeri Renauld et Cardot. — Thamnium Ren. et Card.; iKothecium Kindb. , i .■ ; .. , i ii Differs from the last: Leaves more obtuse, not recurved, less crowded; nearly all cells suboval or broad oval, upper round- hexagonal. Stem-leaves oblong-lingulate obtusate gen. obtuse; branch-leaves ovate-oblong often subacute. Lid of capsule with oblique beak. — Amer. r. U. S. Californ.: Marshall A, Howe. 87. Ftero^onium Swartz. l.P.omiihopodioides Hudson. — Hypnam Huds.; Pterogonium Lindbevg; P. gracile Swartz. liCaves from broad-oval bast gen. short-acuminate, more or less sharply serrate at acumen; angular cells rotundrate-qua- drate, inner basal elongate; middle cells oval; costa vanishing near middle. Capsule subcylindric; lid subapiculate; calyptra hairy; pedicel long. Branches thick julaceous curved when dry. R. fruiting. — Rocks and trees gen. r. Eur. not r. in south, distr. Switzerl.! Amer. r. U. S.: Brewer, com. Cardot. 38. Hyloconiium Bryol. eur. _. , ,„ .(^ A. Stem with gen. numerous paraphyllia. a. Stem simply pinnate. Leaves somewhat large, costa so- metimes simple. ^ ; L Eu-Hylocomilini. Leaves not mamillose. Pedicel of capsule smooth. b. Stem us. bi- or tripinnate- Leaves gen. small; costa double. IL Pieurozilim. Leaves mauiillose. Pedicel smooth. HL Hyocomium. Leaves not mamillose. Pedicel rough. B. Stem simply pinnate without paraphyllia. IV. Hypnopsis. Loaves somewhat large, sometimes mamil- lose; costa often simple. Pedicel r. rough. L EuHylocomium. A. Stem-leaves serrate only at apex. Branch-leaves sharply serrate or fimbriate also below middle. Branches subjuiaceous often turgid. l.H.pyreiiaicum Spruce. — Hypnum Spr.; Hylocomium Lindb.; Hypnum fimbriatum Hartman; H. Oakesii Sull. ic. m.; Hylo- comium Schimp. Leaves orange at insertion; alar cells not defined; costa often simple. Stem-leaves ovate acute sometimes short-acuminate; 40 i if ' ' I liranch-letiveH ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate often Inig-acu- niinate. Capsule suboval; lid conic mamillate. Stem red; pa- raphyllia numerous. R. fruiting. — Earth and rocks princ. in alps gen. r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Sweden: Hartman. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. B. Leaven denticulate or Kcrrate all around. Branches not turgid. a. Leaves green; costa double. 2.H.l)revirostre Ehrhart. — Ilypnum Ehrh.; Hylocomium Br. eur. Stem with numerous paraphyllia. Leaves diversiform; an- gular cells small suboblong hyaline, the lower (special alar) broAvn somevvhat large. Stem-leaves from very broad-cordate l)aBe abruptly tapering to a narrowly subulate acumen, brown at insertion, minutely denticulate. Branch-leaves b.rrti, , ^vate- oblong gen. gradually acuminate. Perichetial leavto paiu green abruptly narrowed to the dentate us. subulate, patent or de- flexed acumen, often serrate below it. Capsule oval-oblong curved; lid us. rostellate. — Earth, stone and trees. Eur. not r. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun; Moser. U. S.: A. G. Wetherby. 3.H.calvescens Wilson. — Pleurozium Kindb. rev. bryol. 1895. Stem with few paraphyllia. T^eaves uniform subdistant den- ticulate from cordate broad-ovate base gradually long-acuminate; angular cells large hyaline, only the lowest brown. Perichetial leaves hyaline nearly gradually narrowed to the serrate falcate filiform-pointed acumen. Capsule suboval curved; lid mamillate or subacute. Very r. fruiting. Resembles the last and Hyp nnm squarrosum, from which it differs in leaves not falca. when moist, shorter pedicel of capsule etc. — Earth in wo ici; r. Eur. Sweden: HJ. Holmgren, com. M. Huss; Arnell; K. Ny- man; P. Dusen. Norway: Zctterstedt. Finl.: V. F. Brotherus. b. Leaves serrate sometimes brown-green; costa simple. Pa- raphyllia few. 4.H..8triatlini Schrcber. — Hypnum Schreb.; Hylocomium ^indb. Laubm. Schw. u. Norw.; Eurhynchium Br. eur. Leaves subdistant green very plicate when dry; alar cells few large subrectangular hyaline; costa vanishing in acuuten. Stem-leaves broad-ovate obtusate; branch-leaves acuminate nar- rower; perichetial hyaline with dilated cells, denticulate above middle of basal part. Capsule large arcuate finally blackish; lid rostrate. Stem not decumbent; branches distant often attenuate. — 41 — Not r. fruiting. Earth and stone in woods. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden, Germany, France, yvvitzerl.! '.H.mcridionale yehimper. — Hypnum Sch.; Hylocomium Kindb. LeaveH crowded brown-green faintly striate; angular cellK nu- merous oval rectangular not large, lower dusky. All leaves lt)ng-acuminate with very broad subeordate base, often flliform- |)ointed, nearly spreading when moist; costa vanishing at base of acimien. Perichetial leaves yellow with very narrow cells, denticulate only at acumen Capsule small subobovate brown; lid rostellate; pedicel much shorter than in the last. Stem decumbent; branches crowded obtuse oiian curveg short-acuminate; branch-leaves obloug-lanceolate. Capsule oval-oblong; lid conic 1" . ,11 V n IK — 42 — apiculate; ])edif't'l faintly rough. Not often fruiting. — Stones, logs and earth in woodn. Eur. not r. Norway, Switzerl.! Ainer. V. Can.: Macoun; Wagiiorne. '/'.'■:■*!» 9.H.flagellare DickBon. — Hypniim Dicks.; Hylocomium Kindb. Laubrn. S. u. N. Leaves sharply serrate all around; angular cells dilated oval- oblong very numerons. Stem-leaves from short base long-a ru- minate, sometimes liliform-pointed; branch-leaves shorter-acu- minate. Capsule oblong; lid apiculate. R fruiting. — Wet rocks near running water r. Eur. Sj)ain! Engl.: Holt. IV. Hypnopsis Kindb. ■ A. Pedicel of capsule smooth. Costa of leaves us. double. a. Leaves denticulate mamillose very large, squarrose. r-' » lO.H.triquetrum L. — Hypnum L.; Hylocomium Sch. Leaves densely crowded, often striate; nerves us. two. Stem- leaves ovate-cordate acute sometimes short-acuminate; branch- leaves longer-acumiiiate; angular cells dilated subrectangular hyaline. Capsule arcuate, striate when dry; teeth purplish; cilia long; lid acute or apiculate. Stem erect. Earth in woods, gen. common. — Eur.\ Amer.; Macoun etc. b. Leaves not mamillose, appressed when dry; those of stem entire or indistinctly denticulate. ll.H.Schreberi Willdenow. — Hypnum W.; Hylocomium Kindb.; Hylocomium parietinum Lindberg. Stem red; branches gen. not turgid. Leaves not or faintly striate; upper cell& lanceolate, middle sublniear, lower inner oblong-lanceolate often yellow; angular cells suboval red-yellow, special alar not well-defined; costa short double. Stem-leaves broad ovate entire obtuse or apiculate; branch-leaves oblong subacute denticulate at apex. Capsule suboblong arcuate; teeth pale; segments open in middle; lid acute; pedicel long or short. Not r. fruiting. — Earth in woods and heaths common. Eur.l Amer. Macoun etc. 12.H.puriini L. — Hypnum L.; Hylocomium Notaris. Stem pale or yellowish; branches turgid. Leaves striate us. green; cells green, lowest basal large suboval, alar not much larger, the others gen. linear; costa short double or simple reaching above middle. Stem-leaves round-oval abruptly narro- wed to a short subulate point, nearly entire; branch-leaves suboblong subacute denticulate all around. Capsule suboblong arcuate; teeth yellow; segments split in middle; lid rostellate; pedicel us. long. R. fruiting. — Earth in woods and heaths. 4n — Enr. not unconnnon. .Sweden, CJenniiny, Switzeil.! Amer. »Mi- quelon isl.s: Cardot. <;;;■; B. Pedicel of capsule rough. Costa of leaves simple. 18.H.iiie;;?aptiluiil Sullivant. — Camptothecium Suli. icon, muse; Hylocomiuni Kindb. Stem pale, branches thick not diKtinctly turgid. Leaves pli- cate nhining not decurrent, green or finally yellowish, larger than in the last; costa dentate at back vanishing near or above middle. Stem-leaves entire broadly ovate-oblong abruptly nar- rowed to a somewhat long subulate filiform-pointed acumen; alar cells few small sul)oval, the others linear. Branch-leaves ilenticulate above middle, serrate in upper part, gen. ovate- oblong, obtusate with short broad subacute point; apical cells lanceolate-oblong, the others linear exc. the alar. Perichetial leaves long-subulate. Capsule large oval-oblong or arcuate; teeth yellow; segments entire; cilia long appendiculate; pedicel often long. Often ))seudo-monoeciou'ri. — On ground in woods r. Amer. U. S. princ. in Pacif. distr.: Hall and Howell, com. JNIacoun; Lei berg, com. Mrs Britton. 39. Grirgensohiiia (Lindberg, as subgenus) Kindb. l.G.nitheiiica Weinmanr — Hypnum Weinm.; Climacium Lindb.; Sulliv. icon. m. Lower stem-leaves squamiform '\valine entire. Other stem- leaves broad round-ovate obtuse short-pointed; branch-leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate subobtuse long-decurrent, denticulate below middle, sharply serrate above; upper cells lanceolate- oblong, lower inner sublinear; costa dentate at back not per- current. Capsule oblong-cylindric; lid conic acute or apiculate; pedicel not long. — Amer. r. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. 40. Thainiiiiiiii Bryol. eur. A. Leaves sharply serrate above, gen. large; costa dentate above or smooth, not percurrent. a. Stem-leaves broad subovate. Lid of capsule rostrate; cilia of endostome long appendiculate. ' ■ LT.alopecuruiii L. — Hypnum L.; Tbamnium Br. eur. Branches more or less compressed sometimes tlagellifcrous. Middle stem-leaves ovate subobtuse or acute not fimbriate; branch-leaves narrow- oblong acuminate acute; middle cells oval- oblong, inner basal sublinear; costa dentate subpercurrent. Cap- sule suboblong; pedicel nearly straight us. prolonged. Dioe- cious not often fruiting. — Shaded of<^en damp rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden, Switzerl.l ■?>r mm l"*"* m — 44 — 2.T.Leibergli Jiritton. Differ!^ from the last: Leaves l)roa(ler, those of branches broadly oval-oblong less aoutninate; cells larger, middle oval, lower oblong-linear; costa shorter. Capsule suboval; pedicel Pomewhat short. — Danij) rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell; Leiberg, com. Mrs Britton. o.T.alleghaniense C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M.; SuUiv. i^on. m.; Thamnium Schimper. Branches turgid. Middle stem-leaves ovate obtuse often lini- briate above; branehleaves suboval obtusate subacute very con- cave; vjells not much larger than in T. alopecurum, middle oval, inner basal oblong-linear; costa thick nearly smooth not much long. Capsule suboblong; pedicel curved not long. Sometimes synoecious or monoecious. - - Damp rocks and shaded banks. Amer. not r. Can. r.: Macoun. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun. b. Stem-leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate. Capsules unknt)\vn. 4.T.T0CC0ie SuUivant et Lesquereux. — Anomodon S. et Lcj.; SuU. icon, muse; Thanuiium Kindb, Branches turgid often curved. Leaves shar])ly serrate or fimbriate above; cells very small nearly all uniform seriate; (;osta smooth subpercurrent. Stem-leaves acute with short acumen or point, faintly recurved below; inner cells suboval, few apical sometimes subhnear. Branch-leaves snudler narro- wer longer-acuminate more distinctly recurved. Pcrichetial leaves narrow filiform-pointed costate. — Rocks r. Amer, U. S. Georgia: Lesquereux, com. Renaidd; Small, com. Roell. ; > • c. Leaves narrow, those of stem lanceolate-linear, those of branches sublanceolate. (capsules unknown. S.T.angiistifoliiim Holt. Middle stem-leaves acuminate serrate; middle and lower cells suboval; costa thick very broad below. Jiranches more slender than in T. alopcjurum, — Wet rocks r. A'wr. Engl.: G. A. Holt. B. Leaves small narrow sharply serrate all around; costa dentate at back in its whole length, percurrent or subexcurrent. Capsules unknown. i,:itj ; G.T.micro-alopecuruiu Kindb. rev. bryol. 1896. Leaves suboblong decurrent: cells nearly uniform round- rhombic or subquadrate; costa narrow. Stem low; branches turgid. — Amer. r. U. S. Oregon: J. A. Herl/man, com. E. Nyman 1886. . „ ,, . ., , . , ,. — 4f) — Fam 12. ThuJdiacesB. ■ 41. Myiirella Bryol. eur. A. Leaves densely crowded not acuminate, soon becoming whitish green. Periohetial leaves subulate-acuminate r. with tiliform point. Capsule with very short or indistinct neck. l.M.Jlllacea Villars. — Hypnum Vill.; Myurella Br. eur. Leaves round-ovate obtuse faintly denticulate us. not strongly papillose, r. with short filiform point. Capsule suboblong; cilia short; lid conic. Tjfts sparingly, gen. only at base, radi- culose. R. fruiting. — On rocks or on base of trees. Eur. not r. S\,viden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. * M. uracil limn Kindb. n. subsp. — M. julacea var. gracilis Kindb. Laubm. Schwed. u. Norw. Leaves, at least the upper, acute with filiform point, smaller tuan in our other species. Tufts compact densely radiculose also above. Cnj)sulcs unknown. — Alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway near Kongsvold! B. Leaves distant acuminate filiform-pointed; perichetial also with filiform point. Capsule distinctly necked. R. fruiting. 2.M.tPliernma Rridel. — Pterigynandrum Brid. 1819; Myu- rella Lindl).; M. apiculata (Hueb.) Br. eur. Leaves slightly papillose faintly denticulate not much distant, subovate nearly gradually acuminate. Capsule obovate; cilia long; lid conic. ■ — Al]\ rocks r. Eur. Norway! »Am€r,»: Berg- gren; Lesq. et Jam. o.M.gracilis Weinmann. — Hypnum Wm. 1845; Myurella Lindl).; M. Careyana yuUiv. ic. m. Leaves very papillose coarsely dentate or fimbriate gen. much distant, broad-ovate abrujitly acuminate, ('apsule thick piri- form; cilia sometimes short; lid obtuse. — Limestone rocks. Eur. r. Austria: Breid'er, com. Warnstorf. Amer. less r. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. 42. Heterocladinm Bryol. eur. A. Leaves distinctly dimorphous. Stem with paraphyllia. a. Leaves smooth, r. mamillose at apex. l.H.|»rociirreii.s Mitten. — Pterogonium Mitt.; Heterocladinm Kindb.; Macoun Canad. musci n. 498; Hypnum, subg. Hetero- cladinm, Lesq. et Jam.; Heteroclad'um aberrans Ren. et Card. Leaves denticulate all around, not distinctly recurved, distant, spreading when dry; costa double. Stem-leaves from ovate base gradually tapering to a long filiform or subulate point, Ilil ■I; 9tl I — 46 — decurrent; alar cells suboval, apical and inner basal publinear, the others oval-oblong. Branch-leaves ovate mostly obtnsate sometimes short-acuminate or apiculate; cells snboval except the inner basal. Outer perichetial leaves suhoblong with lonj^ narrow falcate acumen; inner much narrower, gradually subu- late and nerveless with linear cells. Capsule inclined oval not curved (in Canadian specimens), sometimes (according to Hgu- res by Renauld and Cardot) suhoblong oblique or faintly curved; teeth yellow; f^egments rimose; cilia short nodose; lid high con- vex with short point; pedicel smooth 1,5 — 3 centim. long. Stem pinnate. Tufts green very loose. Dioecious. — On wet rocks and base of trees in alp. regions; Amer. Western slope r. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. b. Leaves papillose; apical cells (at least on stem-leaves) narrow, also the inner basal. 2.H.squarrosu1iini Voit. — Hypnum Voit; Heterocladium Lindb.; Hypnum dimorphum Brid.; Heterocladium Br. eur. Leaves denticulate all around, not recurved, pellucid; inner cells gen. rotundate; costa us. double. Stem-leaves from round- ovate decurrent base gen. long-acuminate, r. obtuse, us. sprea- ding when dry. Branch-leaves broad-ovate obtusate or short- acuminate, often appressed when dry. Outer perichetial leaves nerveless with falcate acumen. Capsule inclined subovate or arcuate; teeth yellow; segments rimose; cilia long; lid subconic. Stem often subpmuate; branches obtuse. Dioecious r. fruiting. — Earth and rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. eastern distr. r. Can.: Moser; Waghorne. 8. H. Austin! Sullivant. — Leskea Sull. ic. muse; Heterocladium Kindb. Leaves entire, slightly recurved below, ovate at l)ase, not spreading when dry; costa simple faint sometimes prolonged to acumen. Stem-leaves short-acuminate; branch-leaves with lon- ger, subulate acumen. Perichetial leaves with subfiliform ])()int, inner erect, ('apsule suhoblong erect; lid obtuse; endostome unknown. Stem not pinnate. Monoecious. — Trees and stone- walls r. Amer. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun. — The figures by Sullivant not are exactly agreeing with typical s{)ecimens. B. Leaves uniform papillose denticulate not recurved, not spreading when dry; upper cells short Avide, alar not detined; costa not reaching above middle. Capsules unknown. Stem irregularly divided without paraphyllia. Dioecious, 4.H.tri8to Cesati. — Leskea Ces.; Heterocladium Kindb.; Ano- modon Sullivant. ill — 47 — (Hum , not ed to lon- )oint, ^tome -tone- gures nens. not ined; Stem Leaves brittle from HiiV>ovate base contracted to a sublinear obtuse acumen, (lentioulate all around, distant but not decurrent; cells round-bexngonnl except some oblong near the simple costa. Tufts loose blackish green when dry. — Rocks and trees r. Eur. Italy, Switzerl.! Amer. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun; James, com. Boswell. r).1I.fninanio()sis C. M. et Kindb. cat. Canad. m. Leaves not brittle, round-oval obtusate cochleariform, minu- tely denticulate above middle, decurrent; upper cells rhombic, lower oblong; eosta more or less distinct, sometimes stout and simple. Tufts dark green. — Trees r. Amer, Can. N. Brunsw.: Moser, (!om. Macoun. 43. Pseiidoleskeella Kindb., new genus. .;;>,,'> A. Leaves distinctly denticulate. -»* > ii«* ;*?.^s•^:CI.•'f•/«:( :i>^»rOTi/ » a. Leaves dimorphous; those of stem acuminate acute. LP.heteroptcra Bruch. — Pterogonium Bruch; Heterocladium Br. eur. Leaves opake very papillose, ovate-oblong serrulate all around, slightly recurved near base; cells gen. rotundate-quadrate. Stem-leaves gen. longer-acuminate; inner basal cells elongate; c'osia pellucid us. double. Branch-leaves subdiscant often ob- tuse. Ca])sule small suboval sometimes erect; teei pale, seg- ments rimosc ns high; cilia long; lid obliquely rostrate; pedicel short. Stem r. subpinnate; branches attenuate or acute, fasci- culate or distant, often Hagellate. Dioecious very r. fruiting. -- Rocks r. Fjur. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun; Drumraond n. 219. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. 'i.P.vaneoiiveriensis Kindb.; Tluiidium bull. Torr. club XVII; Heterociiulium cat. Canad. m. Differs t'roin the last: Leaves pellucid faintly papillose, below middle entire and often recurved; cells larger gen. more rotun- diite or suboval; costa of stem-leaves simple opake. Capsule sometimes horizontal; lid conic acuminate. Stem subpinnate; branches short r. flagellate. Monoecious. — Rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. o.r.denticiilata SuUivant. — Leskea Sull. ic. m.; Hypnum fabroniffifolium C. M. syn. .- ■ • .-I ; .j^.^; M^iu-.;, .w^rAt,! Leaves pellucid faintly papillose minutely denticulate nearly all around; alar cells quadrate sometimes dilated, marginal rhombic, the others gen. suboblong; costa double very short or indistinct. Stem-leaves from round-ovate base abruptly long-acuminate; branch-leaves subovate short-acuminate concave .a>VUi 'i'iU/i §':'■ If ifili!.'! ;1 — 48 — faintly recurved below at one side. Capsule subovul puboroct; teeth yellow scarcely higher than the rimose segments; cilia rudimentary or wanting; lid rostrate or rostellate; j)edicpl short. Tufts bright green. Branches somewhat compressed. Dioecious r. fruiting. — Base of trees r. Amer. IJ. S. middle and south, states: Austin, com. Macoun. b. Leaves nearly uniform. *- . ';, ,)?> m"'; i h 4.P.occi(leiita1i8 Sullivant. — Hypnum SuU. icon. m. Leaves pellucid nearly smooth obtusate obtuse subovate or ovate-oblong, denticulate above, faintly recurved at base; alnr cells small quadrate, inner basal lanceolate, the others gen. rhombic-oval; costa often indistinct sometimes reaching to middle. Capsule suboval straight suberect or inclined oblonjz; slightly curved; segments entire as high as teeth; (>ilia nodose shorter; lid conic rostellate; pedicel not long. Tufts green silky glossy. Stem irregularly branching or subbipinnato. Habit of Pterygy- nandrum in sterile state. — Base of trees r. Amer. I'acif. distr. Can.: Macoun. »(J. S.: Hall»: Sullivant, — Not dcscritxtd in Lesq. et Jatn. man. 5.P.homaIo$tegia C. Mueller. —Hypnum C. M. in Flora 1873. » Leaves faintly papillose obsoletely denticulate not recurved, from cordate base broad-ovate short-acuminate, suberect when moist; alar cells (juadrate, the others narrowly elliptic; costa short double, ('apsule subcylindric asymmetric horizontal; teeth red; segments yellow; cilia short; lid nearly Hat with short point; pedicel not long. Tufts dusky green. Branches jula- ceous; stem creeping. Monoecious. — Bark of trees r. Amer. U. S. Alabama: Mohr»: C. M. B. Leaves entire or at acumen indistinctly sinuolate, pellucid faintly papillose. Dioecious. ' ,.j •■ a. liCaves quite entire; cells rotundate exc. the alar. O.P.cateimlata Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Pseudoleskca Jir. cur. Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong acute or subobtuse sometimes short-acuminate, faintly recurved near base, crowded; costa vanishing near middle or shorter. Perichetial leaves suboblong acuminate costate. Capsule oblong arcuate; teeth yellow; seg- ments rimose nearly as high; cilia shorter not appendiculatc; lid rostellate. Tufts us. brownish or ferruginous. Stem crei^- ping irregularly pinnate, us. rigid when dry. 1». fruiting. — On rocks or r. at base of trees. Eur. not r. Switzerl. fruiting, Sweden, Norwayl * F.Iaxifolia Kindberg. — I'scudoleskea catenulata ■•'laxifolia Kindb. revue bryol. 185)2. — 49 — Leaves larger, green broad ovnto recurved to tniddlo, pome- what diBtant; coHta ntronger. Capsules unknown. — RooIch r. Eur. Switzerl.! T.P.malaoOcIada ('. M. et Kindh. — pReudoleskea cat. Can. m. Leaves fiubulate-ncuniinnte recurved near base; costa very short or indistinct. .Stem-leaves from broiul round ovate base abruptly narrowed; branch-leaves more gradually tapering. Pe- richetial leaves nerveless with patent or curved acumen. Cap- sules unknown. iStem sparingly radiculose not rigid. Tufts green or finally fuscescent. Habit of the last. — Dry rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.; Macoun. •S.P.Wollel Austin. — Leskea Aust.; L. cyrtophylla Kindb. cat. Can. m. Leaves from broadly round-ovate base short-acuminate, recur- ved below; costa indistinct. Tufts dark green or brown, nearly eradiculose. Capsules unknown. — Itocks r. Amer. Cnn.: Mac'oun. b. Leaves often sinuolatc? above; cells more or less elongate. U.P.pnpillosa Lindberg. — Leskea or Hetero(!ladium Lindb.j Pseudoleskea Schimper. -'' '' ;-(' •' i <•'.•■ ;n*" .^:ii- i. ,i:i-!' Leaves very small broad-ovate giin. short-acuminate; costa sometimes forked; inner basal cells of stem-leaves elongate, the others gen. oval. Tufts dark green. Branches not flagc^Uate. Capsules and flowers unknown. — liocks r. Eur. Norway! Finl.: R. Plult. Sweden: E. Nyman. vo <>; .! ^.f^ . ."?.^i: •'?'>. 44. Pseudoleskea Bryol. cur. in part. I. Eu-Pseildoleskea. Leaf-cells gen. dilated, more or less papillose. Endostomial segments not split. II. Ptychodiiini. Leaf cells narrow, us. smooth or faintly papillose. Endostomial segments not split. ' ;■ !'i> - .n „'; J . Eu-Pseudoleskea. A. Peristome orange or yellow. Terminal branch-leaves strongly papillose. a. Leaves not squarrose, gen. crowded. -•-- • " l.P.atrovirens Dickson. — Hypuum Dicks.; Pseudoleskea Br. eur. Jjcaves from ovate-oblong base narrowed to a sul)nlate serru- late gen, long acumen; inner cells us. rhombic-oval. Terminal branch-leaves with suboval ni)ical cells. Pcrichetial leaves smooth subulate-acuminate nearly entire; costa sliort faint. Capsule oval-oblong gen. asymmetric; segments nearly as liigh as teeth, often split; cilia rudimentary or wanting; lid conic; acute. Tufts not densely radiculose, us. brown with green branch-tops. Branches us. subpiimate with numerous branchlets. — Rocks mi m li'l '■ t I •• k 4' i !■■ ' -^ 60 — princ. in alps. Eur. not r. Swit/-erl.! Amer, N. Fouiidl.: Wag- home. »Greenl.»: Lange. » . . , *> rsiv^i * P-fllanieiitosa Dicknon. — Hypnum D.; Pseiidoleskea Boulay. Tufts UH. green. FiOaveH lenn papillose; inner cells narrower. — Kocks. Eur. Norway, Swit/.erl.l Jtaly: Arcangeli. * P.t<»nella Kindb. n. subsp. Leaves sniuller entire very papillose; cells rotundate. Cap- sules unknown. — Amer. r. Canada: VVaghorne. 2.P.ticlnenNls Bottini. — »P. patens »: liimpricht. Differs from P. atrovivens: Branches irregularly divided; ter- minal branch-leaves longer-acuminate, strongly pajnllose nearly all around. Capsule arcuate. — Alps r. Eur. Switzerl.: Bottini; Marl. S.P.brachyclados Schwa^grichen. — Leskea Schw.; Pseudole- ekea Kindb. Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong with short sublinear in upper part serrulate acumen; cells rhombic-oval or subquadrate. Pe- richetial leaves papillose subulate-acuminate (ientine; lid short obtuse; pedicel 1 — 2 c. m. long. Tufts green very Ri b — r>R radiculoee. Branches sul)|)iniiate, biaiichlets nunierouH. — Trees and rocks. Amer. princ. in alp. refjons of Pacif. distr., there corresponding to P. atrovirens. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.: J. Macoun; Drummond n. 225. U. S.: Koell, com. Cardot. lo.P.hicolor Kindberg n. »p. (LoHcuncaV). Differs from the last: Leaves longer-acuminate, their middle cells Bublanceolate. Costa of stem-leaves long-cxcurrent. ('ap- sules unknown. Tufts sparingly radiculose, dark brown with green branch-tops. Stem irregularly divided. — • ^Schistose alp. rocks r. Eur. Sweden in Lapland near lake Virijaur: E. Ny- man 1893. • :. H.P.atricha Kindb. note on Can. l)ryol. 180B. Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate; cells sublanceolato con- iiated irregularly sinuous; costa not excurrent. Capsules un- known. Tufts brownish or olivaceous with green branch-tops, loosely cohering without rhi/oids. Branches subjulaceous irre- gularly divided; paraphyllia very few. — Kocks in higher alp. region r. Amer. Can. Pacif, distr.: Macoun. b. Leaves gen, smooth and loiig-acuminatc; costa not excur- rent. Capsule gen. symmetric suberect; peristome golden yellow, aa. Stem much divided. Endostomial segments broad rimose. 15.P.decipieilS fiimpriclit. — Ptvchodium Ijimpr.; Pseudoleskea Kindb. Leaves gen. denticulate abt)ve; upi)er cells linear, middle lanceolate-oblong; costa vanishing below at^umen. Stem-leaves from subovate-oblong base abruptly tapering; branch-leaves more gradually attenuate. Tufts green or yellowish I'ranches us. not curved. » Inner pcrichetial leaves gradually acuminate, denticulate nearly all around; costa short faint. Capsule sub- oval*: Limpricht. C'onfounded with Lesiunca striata ''saxicola, princ. differing in endostome and narrower leaf-cells. — Stone in alp, region r. Eur. Norway, Swit/erl.! 16.P.Pfiiiidtlieri Limpr. — Ptychodium Lpr., Pseudolcskea Kindb. »Leaves gratlually acuminate gen. entire; upper cells subli- near, the others rliomboidal or rhombic-hexagonal; costa sub- percurrent. Stem-leaves from ovate-oblong base long-subulate; branch-leaves lanceolate. Perichetial leaves abruptly long-subu- late; costa indistinct. Capsule broad-oval strangulate; pedicicl 5 — 7 m. m. long. Tufts pale or yellowish green. — Stone in higher alp. region r. Eur. Austria, Gerni., Switzerl,»: Limpricht. bb. Stem nearly simple denudate below. Capsules unknown. ^!' '' } •■'! 'i r'l i ::! »■■ • ,11! '1 • i I i - 54 — IT.P.Breidleri Kindb. (new name\ — Ptvchodium olij^ocladiim Limpricht 1895. »Leave8 from ovate base suddenly long-subulate gen. entire, pale or brigbt green; cells gen. sublanceolate; costa vanishing below acumen. — Rocks in higher alp. region r. — Eur. Salzburg: Breidler»: Limpricht. 45. Thiiidium Bryol. eur. A. Leaves crisped when dry, not recurved, more or less distant; cells gen. rotundate. Stem us. creeping; paraphyllia wanting. Pedicel of capsule short, sometimes rough. I. Claopodiuni. J^eaves denticulate; those of branches narrowly acuminate; cells round- t)val or suboblong. Dioecious. II. Pseudo-Claopodiurii. Leaves us. entire, broadly short-acu- minate or obtusate, very small; those of branches us. obtuse; cells rotundate. Us. monoecious. B. Leaves not (exc. T. minutulum) crisped, gen. appressed when dry, often recurved, us. crowded; cells sometimes elon- gate. Stem often not creeping; paraphyllia us. numerous. Pe- dicel smooth, a. Leaves small. Tufts intricate. Stem us. creeping; para- phyllia short. Capsule small; pedicel us. not much long. in. Micro-Tliuidium. Leaves us. faintly papillose; cells gen. rotundate. Stem sometimes irregularly pinnate. Us. monoecious. b. Stem-leaves gen. large. Tufts loose not intricate. Stem r. creeping; paraphyllia us. long. Capsule large; pedicel very long, IV. En-Thiiidiuni. Leaves us. very papillose; inner basal cells sublinear or oblong, the others gen. rotundate. Stem bi-or tri- pinnate; paraphyllia long. Dioecious r. fruiting. V. Elodiiiiii. Leaves often faintly papillose or mamillose, some- times smooth; cells often elongate, the middle; gen. suboblong. Stem simply pinnate, not creeping; paraphyllia sometimes short. Monoecious or dioecious. I. (Uaopodiuin Sullivant. A. Leaves of stem and branches Avitli long hyaline hairpoint. Stem often without rhizoids, pinnate or with pinnate branches. l.T.crispifoliillll Hooker. — Hypnum Hook.; Thuidium Ki!ulb.; Hypnum ramulosuni Hampe, Stem-leaves ovate-lanceolate or from short round-ovate base abruptly subulate; branch-leaves narrower; cells round-oval. n ••■ 55 Porichetial leaves costate liy^'Hiie, })alo yellow at base. Capniile huboval; teeth orange; segmentH split; cilia appendiculate; lid short-beaked; pedicel rough. — Rocks also in alp, region. Amer. Pacif. distr. Alaska: J. M. Macoun Can.: J. Macoun. B. Leaves, at least those of Inanches, without distinct hair- point. Stem creeping subpinnate or bipinnate. 2.T.leuconeill'On Sulliv. et Lesquer.; Sull. icon, muscor. • -* Leaves approached when moist, smaller than in the last; cells round-oval. Stem-leaves ovate-lanceolate subulate or broad- ovate obtuse with filiform })oint. Perichetial leaves nerveless. Capsule small suboval; teeth pale; segments split; cilia nodose; annulus large; lid vith short thick often curved beak; pedicel smooth. Tufts green. — 'JVees and rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. r. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: jNIarshall A. Howe; Bola;nder, com. C. Mueller. 8.T.Whipplei SuUivant. — Hypnuni Sull.; Th\iidium Kindb. Differs from the last: Leaves larger longer narrower and more distant; cells suboblong. » Pedicel of capsule rough; annulus none; perichetial leaves costate »: i^esq. et Jam. — Rocks r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.; Macoun. II. Pseudo-CJaopodiuin Kindb. . m ; ' 4.T.laxifolium Schwjegrichen. — Hvpnum Schw.; Thuidium Kindb. »Leaves denticulate. SteiM-leaves from ovate base short-acu- minate; branch-leaves ovate. Capsule globose-ovate; cilia short, lid obliquely rostellate; pedicel rough. — Earth r. Amer. Northwest coast: Menzies»: C. M. syn. S.T.pseudc-pygmjeuin Kindb. (new name). — llypnum pyg- mseum Schimper, non Taylor; Sulliv. icon, muscor.; 11. remo- tifolium Greville'? Leaves entire opake short-acuminate very small; those of stem ovate-oblong, those of branches somewhat longer; costa often excurrent. Capsule very small suboval; cilia short; lid rostrate; pedicel smooth. Stem pinnate or bipinnate. — Wet rocks r. Amer. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun. III. Micro-Thuidium Kindb. (in check-list). A. Leaves crisped when dry; cells rotundate. Paraphyllia numerous. Monoecious. (i.T.miiiiitnlum Hedwig. — Hypnum PL; Thuidium Br. eur. Leaves ontire subovate opake; costa not excurrent. Stem- leaves us. short-acuminate; branch-leaves obtuse sliorter; costa faint. Capsule small suboblong horizontal; cilia long; lid ,".■■ I i fp I '■j ;, •I ;»' ! li — 56 — long-rostrate; i)edicel Hlir)rt. Stem pinnate or bipinnatc. — Rocks and trees. Eur. r. Germany: Schimper. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser. t ;; isj,,.; m ;■'■ i/Uivf,?--;.' . B. Leaves not erif^ited; inner cells gen. round-oval. Stem often pinnate; paraphyllia us. numerous. Monoecious. T.T.vii'^illianiim Bridel. — Hypnum Brid. 1827; Thuidium Lindb.; Hypnum punctulatum Notaris l8o4; Thuidium Not. 1863. Leaves denticulate often opake; costa vanishing in acumen or subexcurrent. Stem-leaves from round-ovate or ovate-oblong base abruptly long-acuminate, less distinctly denticulate; branch- leaves ovate oblong shorter-acuminate. Capsule red-brown us. arcuate strangulate; lid conic or convex, rostellate or ajnculate; cilia long often appendiculate; pedicel long. Tufts green or brown-green. — Logs and stone in woods. Eur. r. Switzerl.! Austria: Barth, com. Levier. Amer. Can. r.; Macoun. * T.jjracile Bruch et Schimper. — Hypnum B. S. 1843; Sull. icon, muse; Thuidium Br. eur. ?,? Leaves gen, less opake. Capsule us. red; lid subobtuse short- apiculate. — Amer. not r. in eastern distr. Can.: Macoun; Mo- ser. II. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot. * T.palleus Lindberg. — T. lignicola Kindb. in Ottawa Natur. IV. Leaves more distinctly serrulate. Capsule pale; lid subobtu.sie short-ai)iculate. — Logs r. Eur. Sweden near Stockholm: Lind- berg. Amer. Can.: Macoun. S.T.scltuill Beauvois. — Hypnum B.; Thuidium Austin. Leaves entire, more or less opake but with shorter papilUe than in the last; costa us. vanishing below acumen. Stem- leaves from round-ovate base abruptly acuminate; branch-leaves ovate subobtuse. Capsule brf)wn us. faintly curved not stran- gulate; lid narrowly conic; cilia short not appendiculate; pedicel long, Tufts dark green. — Base of trees. Atner. not r. Can.: Macoun. y.T.pseudo-gracile Kindb. n. sp. DiHers from T. Virginian uin: Leaves of stem broader, from very brt)ad base more abruptly narrowed to the often falcate and gen. not long acumen, entire nearly smooth; branch-leaves entire or faintly denticuhiie. Capsules unknown. — DitTers also from T. scitum: Leaves larger and broader; costa percurrent or excurrenl. Stem-leaves shorter and more broadly revolute; branch-leaves ovate-oblong acuminate acute. — Logs r. Amer. Can. near Leamington: Macoun. C. Leaves not crisped; inner cells gen. suboblong. Stem irregularly divided; paraphyllia few. , .,,,.., , : ir;' I >s.f ••)( Am))ly.st('giuni •^mciU; Juratzkii 1 o.T.pulchelltim Nouuis. ppeudoleekea Scliiniper. Leaves entire long-acuminate recurved below, faintly papilloKe; (!ell8 gen. ^uboblong; costa often percurrent. Stem-leaves from round-ovate base abruptly narrowed; branch-leaves ovate oblong or ovate-lanceolate more gradually narrowed, indistinctly sinuo- late above. Perichetial leaves with long filiform point. Caj)- Bule oblong arcuate; segments and cilia short; lid conic obtuse. Tufts green, ferruginous below. Monoecious. — Resembling Pseud olesktella catenulata anil Anomodon nervosus in habit but easily distinct in narrower leaf-cells. — Rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.: Schimper. ^' ^ ■ ' .>•;;;, ;<:>': 1 l.T.algarvicum Schimper. — Leskeu Sch.; Thuidium Kindb.; T. Solmsii C. M. in herb. Ijcaves denticulate not recurved, very papillose; middle cells Kuboblong, upper and lower narrower; costa percurrent. Stem- leaves from ovate-oblong base long-acuminate ; branch-leaves narrower, more distinctly s^-rulate all around. Capsules unknown. Dioecious. — Eur. r. Portugal: Sohus-Laubach, com. C. Mueller. IV. Eu-Thuidium. A. Leaves acute very papillose; inner basal cells linear-lan- ceolate. Stem-leaves from broad-ovate base gen. long-acuminate; branch-leaves denticulate very short-acuminate; costa short. a. Apical cell of branch-leaves narrow acute smooth. Peri- chetial leaves very papillose, timbriate or long-ciliate. r2.T.tamariscinum Hedwig. — Hypnum H.; Thuidium Br. eur. Leaves of stem faintly recurved. Lid of (capsule apiculate or rostellate. Stem not creeping, us. tripinnate. — Earth and stone in woods. Eur. not r. Sweden, Switzerl., Germany' b. Apical cell of branch-leaves broad bifid. Perichetial leaves siuooth or sparingly papillose with few or none cilia and den- ticulate acumen. IB.T.dcHeatulllin L. — IIyi)nuiu L.; Thuidium Mitten. Stem-lepves recurved not long-acuiniiiate, gen. entire. Peri- chetial leaves sparingly ])apillose sometimes with a few cilia. Capsule rostrate. Stem not creeping, us. bi])innate. -- Earth and stone in woods. Eur. r. SwedenI Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Wetherby; Langlois, com. Cardot. H.T.Pliiliberti Limpricht 1895. — T. recognitum var. radi- cans Kindb. revue brj'ol. 1892; T. intermedium Philibert 1893; T. pseudo-tamarisci Limpricht 1895. ;- * T,^■■'- '. . v. I2l %. i ; I: •Jf ' I ■ I' ,, i: I' fi" ;!' i — 58 — Differs from the last: Stems creeping, often tripinnate and denKely tufted. Stem leaves larger and long-subulate. Peri(!lietial leaves smooth without cilia. Tufts dark green. Plants gen. smaller. — Earth and rocks r. Eur. Switzerl. hear Lugano and Faido ! Anier. »U, S.»: Best. lo.T.recognituni Hedwig. — Hypnum H.; Thuidium I.indb. Stem-leaves gen. not recurved and not long- acuminate, us. denticulate. Perichetial leaves smooth without cilia. CJapsule apiculate. Stem not creeping (»r with few rhizoids at base, us. bi|>innate. — Stone and earth in woods. Eur. nearly common below alp. regions. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl., France! Amer. less common. Can.: Macoun. B. Leaves obtuse faintly papillose; those of stem broad-ovate short-acuminate; in'ier basal cells oblong; branc^h-leaves obtusate nearly entire; costa long. iB.T.Alleni Austin. I^iCaves not recurved, those of stem entire; cells gen. rotun- date, the apical one round-oval not bilid. Stem bij)iiu)ate not creeping. Capsules unknown. — Pesu-bogs r. Amer. V. S: Allen, com. Macoun. V. Elodium SuUivant et Lesquereux. A. Stem tomentose; paraphyllia long. Leaves large gen. faintly mamillose; those of stem })ellucid; ccjIIs gen. oblong- lanceolate. Capsule arcuate. Monoecious often fruiting. a. All leaves mamillose; those of branches not pellucid. n.T.Blamlowii Weber et Mohr. — Hypaum W. M.; Thuidium Br. eur. .v; Leaves from broad-ovate base long-acuminate, faintly denticu- late all around; cells elongate gen. oblong-lanceolate, the basal pale. Lid of capsule rostellate. Stem erect pale-t()ment(^se; branches crowded us. elongate attenuate. — Peat-swamps and wet meadows princ. in northern districts. Eur. Sweden and Can.: Macoun; White; Waghorne U. 1898.— Norway not r.! Amer. r S.: Roell, com. Cardot. 18.T.pseutl-abietinum Kindb. note on Canad. bryo T. elo'lioides Renauld et Cardot in Hedwigia 1893. Leaves orange at insertion; middle cells oval-oblong. Stem- leaves ovate short-acuminate faintly denticulate above. Branch- leaves ovate-oval sabobtuse more distinctly denticulate, very opake and mamillose or papillose on both sides. Stem brown- loraentose; branches short distant. Lid of capsule not seen. — Woods r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S.: Roell. 59 I). All loaves pellucid; thoso of stem smooth. 19.T.pahulosiini SiiUivant. — Hypnum Sull. ic. muse; Thui- diuni Kindb. Leaves orantusat(!. Peristomial teeth broader; lid obtuse, iiranches less crowded. Tufts often dark green. — Trees. Amer. Can. eastern distr. not r; Macoun; Mo.ser. ^ B. Leaves with short base; cells dilated. : -- ;).l*.Selwyni Kindb. in Ottawa Natmalist LI. Leaves subovate us. recurved to tlu* short acumen; cells gen. suboblong. Perichetial leaves not plicate, ovate oblong long- acuminate often filiform-pointed. Capsule broad-oval; lid obtuse. Branches crowded. Tufts dark green or brown. — Trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Dearness and White. U. S.: Roell. 4.P.c.vrtopli.vHa Kindb. n. sp. Leaves broad-ovate gen. obtusate obtuse, not or slightly re- curved; cells oval, larger than in the 3 last species. Branches crowded. Tufts green. Capsules unknown. Old logs r. Auitr. Can. Peace river: Macoun 1872. 2. Polyanthoidete. ^ A. Leaves distinctly denticulate. o.P.heteroiiialla Bruch et Schimper. Leaves larger than in P. polyanfhos; inner basal cells lat insertion'^ suboval not yellow, the others linear-lanceolate exc. the alar. Stem-leaves ovate-oblong Hliform-pointed not recur- ved; branch-leaves shortly acuminate-subulate. Capsule oval- oblong; teeth dark yellow; cilia none; lid subobtuse. Branches us. curved and j^ellowisli. — Trees and stones r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. G.P.pseudo-platygyriiiin Kindb. cat. Canau. m. ■ ' *• ' Leaves ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate tiliform-pointed, often recurved to acumen; inner basal and alar celis orange, the others sublinear. Capsule subcylindric pale with dark red border at mouth; peristome pale; segments widely open in middle, basal membrane low; lid short-pointed. Tufts brown- green. — Logs r. Anier. Can.; Macoun. U. S.: Roell. .'.^;!,-!.i.i t i^' 01 T.P.fllari-acnininata C. M, et Kindb. cat. Can. m. Leaves as in the last but smaller; inner basal pale, the others sublinear exc. the alar. Capsule subcylindric brick-red; teeth yellow; segments rimose or narrowly open in middle, biisal membrane elevate; lid conic obtuse. Tufts bright green. — Trees r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun. B. Leaves entire or the uppermost faintly sinuolate. a. Stem-leaves recurved to the middle of basal borders; alar cells about 15 — 'JO. Stem creeping, sometimes with paraphyllia. Tufts green us. silky glossy. 8.P.pol.vailtho8 Schreber. — Hypnum Sehr.: Pylaisia Br. eur. Stem-leaves ovate-oblong fill form -pointed, yellow at insertion; cells sublinear-lanceolate exc. the alar. Branch-leaves ovate- lanceolate with Bubsubulate acumen or short filiform point, gen. not recurved. Perichetial leaves filiform- pointed. Capsule Hubobiong or subcylindric, contracted at mouth; teeth pale yellow; segments split; cilia rudinuMitary or wanting; lid short-pointed. Stem pinnate. Tufts green. — On trees, r. on rocks or roofs. Eur. common. Sweden, Germany, Switxerl., Italy! Amer. Can. not r.: Macoun. I). Leaves not or near base recurved, entire; alar cells few not well defined. Stem not creeping. Tufts not or faintly glossy. ii.P.sueciCH Br. eur. — Thedenia Br. eur.; Pylaiea Lindberg. Leaves small ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, often long-acu- minate; lower cells subohlong, middle rhombic-oval. Perichetial leaves apiculate. Capsule oblong-cylindric; teeth yellow; cilia .short; lid rostrate. Sl<'m irregularly divided or subpinnatc;; branches juhuieous. Tufts green with few rhizoids. — Earth in subalp. region r. Eur. Sweden: K. F. Thedenius. * P.alpilia Kindb. n. subsp. — Hypnum polyanthos var. alj*!- niini Kindb. Ijaubm. Schwed. u. Norw. Leaves a little larger, less strongly appressed when dry; ))erichetial subjnuticous. Capsule narrow- cylindric; lid rostellate. Branches subfastigiate nearly simple. Tufts eradiculose yellowish green. — Enr. Norway near Kongsvold on a turf-roof in subalj). region!; E. Adlerz. lO.P.alpicola Lindberg. — Stereodon (Pylaiea) Lindb.; Arnell inusci Asia? bor.; Pylaisia Kindb. check-list of Eur. and N. Am. Bryin. ;. . * . Leaves ovate-oblong with long filiform falcate point, very small and not appressed; alar cells yellow, the others pale m t% \ m i >■ !;■■•■ ;lr I *' i i^ jl ! ■■> V >i3 1*11 — 62 — sublinear. Plnntc bright green, sparingly radiculose. — CapsuloR unknown. — Stones in alp. region r. Eur. Sweden in Lapland: E. Nyman. ■ ■'' ^ ; . •■■ ■- :^'---- -."•,:■:; 47. Pylaisiella Kindberg, new genns. l.P.velutina Sohimper. — PylaiHia Sch.; Sull. icon, ni., in part. Leaves entire from ovate-oblong base acinninate, recurved to acumen, subdecurrent; uj)f)er cells, also the middle marginal, rhomboidal; inner cells sublinear-lanceohite, inner basal narrow- orange; ajigular cells divorFit'orm, special alar few large inliated brown or hyaline, inner angular small green numerous. I'eri- chetial leaves plicate serrulate. Capsule large cylindric not contracted at mouth; teeth orange; segments split in two densely dentate legs, basal membrane very low; cilia none; pedicel long. Spores large. Brattches not julaceous. Tul'ts green or brown- yellow. — Trees. Amer. Can. Macoun; Moser. In the cited Sull. icon. in. leaves are lojiger acuminate, their alar cells not delineated, endostomial segments adhering in their whole length to the teeth. '2.P.subdenticuIata Schin)per. — Pylaisia Sch.; Sull. ic. m. Leaves small ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate minutely denti- culate at acumen, faintly recurved below, not decurrent; angular cells small green, the others sublinear. Perichetial leaves as in the last. Capsule small oblong-cylindric not contracted; teeth yellow; segments split, basal membrane elevate; cilia long sub- appendiculate; pedicel short. Spores small. Branches not jula- ceous. Tufts pale green or yellowish. Smaller than Pylaisia polyanthos. — Trees r. Amer. Can.: Waghorne. V. S.: Austin, com. Macoun. 48. Rapliidostegium Notaris. A. Capsule oblique or ciu'vihI. Leaves entire below. L Eil*l{aphidosteg:iuin. Branches not or faintly compre.-sed. Leaves plurifarious us. small and crowded. II. Pseudo-Plagiothecillill. Branches com])lanate. Leaves Bubdistichous not densely crowded, sometimes large. B. Capsule straight erect. Leaves denticulate all around. III. Pseudo-Pylaisia. Branches not or faintly compressed. Leaves small not densely crowded. I. Eu-Ilaphidostegium. A. Leaves curved (incurved or subfalcate), distinctly denti- culate above, with ovate-oblong base and short acumen, crowded. Stem creeping; branches crowded faintly compressed. — 6:^ — I,*f^ l.R.rpriirvaiis Mirlmux. — Leskea Mich; Raphidostegiuni Snnerbeck et Jfcger: Hvpnuin SchwfEgr.; SuU. icon. muse. Lt'avcp recurved gen. to middle, denticulate above it, with long filiform serrate point; alar ccIIh orange. I'erichetial leaves gradually long-acuminate, serrate only at the short point. Cap- sule suhohlnng curved; teeth orange; segments entire; beak long; pedicel us. somewhat long. Stem red. Tufts yellowish green. Dioecious but often fruiting. — Trees and logs. Amer. Can.: Macoun; White; Moscr; W'aghorne. 2.R.WhItei Kindb. n. sp. .{'v.-iu'Sni 7i .; « <. iv>., Leaves faintly or not recurved, gen. entire below acumen, with serrate filiform or subulate point; alar cells hyaline. Po- richetial leaves dentate at the long acumen. Capsule suboval curved or oblique; teeth pale; segments entire; beak not long; pedicel short. Stem pale or jiale rod. Tufts green. Monoe- cious. — Trees r. Amer. Can. Out. near Edmonton 1892: J. White, eom. Macoun. B. Leaves not distinctly curved, gen. quite entire and small. Monoecious or (R. suhdemissum) dioecious. a. Branches not julaccous. Stem radiculose. Leaves recurved. ^'.K.demissiim Wilson. — Hypnum Wiis.; Raphidostegiuni Nfttaris. Leaves ovatc-oblong acute sometimes short-acuminate, r. fili- form-pointed, gen. entire and recurved all around; alar cells rotundate not large, upper lanceolate, the others linear. Peri- cbetial lenves subulate-acuminate. Capsule very small suboval sti.'uigulate often arcuate; neck not distinct; teeth yellow, orange below; sfgments yellow; pedicel short. Tufts green or brown- green sparingly radiculose. — Wet rocks. Eur. r. Svvit/erl.! luitrl.: Cunliffe (Jormany: Schimper; Boulay. ^4nif'r. less r. Can.: Milcoun; Moser; Wagln rue. II. S: com. Macoun. 4.K.Welwitscllii Schimper. — Hhynchostegium Sch.; Raphido- stegium Sauerl)(;ck et J;eger. Differs from the last: Tufts compact bright or yellowish green silky glossy and velvet-like. Leaves ovate-oblong or ovato- lanceolatc, long-aciuninate often filiform-pointed; alar cells larger. Peristonio [)aler. Perichetial leaves filiform-pointed. — Trunks of Olea and Quercus r. Eur. Italy: Bottini; Arcangeli. ') R.mierocarpuin Bridel. — licskea Brid.; Raphidostegiuni Sauerbeck et Jteger; Hypnum C. I\L; Sulliv. ic. muse. Differs from 11. demissum: Leaves gen. acuminate, sometimes faintly sinuolate. Capsule not strangulate r. arcuate; neck more 4" 7 fiv'' 4 ^-4 ii: i«.-i h — 04 — or leBB dictinct; teeih yellowish'; Hegmentfl hyaline; pedicel very ehort. Tufts green or vellowiHlj. — Trees r. Amer. U. 8. nouth. states: Mohr, com. Macoiin; fjanglois nnd Sawyer, com. Cardot. =* R.admlxtlim Snilivant. — Hvjmum Hull.; Uaphidostcjriuin Kindb. Capsule arcuate more diHtinctly nocked; pedicel lonj;or. — Trees r. Amer. »U. S.» I^esq. et Jam. t^Cuba: Wright, herb. SuUiv., com. C. Mueller). ./»,,;,:(« b. Branchen julaceouH. Stem not radiculose. Leaves entire, not or slightly recurved. <).R.8ubdeiliiNSUni Kindb cat. Canad. m. ^ Leaves small ovate-lanceolate long-subulate; alar cells large, the others linear. Capsules unknown. Branches distant cus[)i- date yellowish green. Dioecious. — Kocks in arctic Pacif. distr. r. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. 7.1{.niar}iandicuiii C. Mueller. - - Jlypnum demissiini var. li(|. et J. '.?;v,f , (Vi i'i'7 Leaves ovate-lanceolate subobtuse acute somewhat large; alar somewhat large, the others linear. Perichetial leaves subulate- acuminate. Capsule subobovate or oblong without neck, not strangulate, larger than in R. demissum; endostome yellow. Tufts olivaceous with green branch-tops. Plants robust. Monoe- cious. — Wet rocks r. Amer. U. S.: Siill. (it Les(|. mnsci bor. amer. n. 442, com. C Mueller. II. Pseudo-Plagiothecium Kindb. A. Leaves curved, d'^iinctly denticulate above, from ovate- oblong base narrowed to acumen. Us. dioecious. H.R.laxepatllllllU Lesquereux et .James. — Hypiumi (llaphi- dostegium) L. et J.; Raphidostegium Kindb.; Rhynchostegium delicatulum James; Sulliv. icon. m. Leaves with somewhat long subsubulate dentate jicumen; perichetial strongly dentate above to below middle. Capsule suboblong curved; teeth \y.\U\ pii[)illose above; segments entire; cilia none; pedicel very short. 8tem pale or greenish reil, sparingly radiculose; branches distant. Tufts green. Habit of Plagiothecium silvaticum. Dioecious. — Amer. r. U. S.: Purpus, com. Roell. O.R.Lorentzii Molendo. — llypnum M.; Raphidostegium Kindb. Leaves with more or less long gen. subulate denticulate acu- men; perichetial denticulate above. Capsule obl( i ig slightly curved; teeth golden yellow, papillose above; segmt - rimose; cilia long; pedicel not long. Stem red sparingly radiculose; — 65 — hrnncheH distnnt. Tufts bright or yellowinh p;ie(Mi. Dioecious. — Clayey ground or stones in Bubalp. region r. Eur. Germany: P. G. Lorentz. n\-tn :?«fl **fi^»i lO.U.Roellii Renauld et Cardot. LonveH witli whort Hcrnite often t\viHtel)long often •urved; teeth pale yellow, papillose above; segments rimose or entire; cilia often long; lid rostrate; pedicel not long. Stem red sparingly radiculose; branches distant. Tufts briglit green. Monoecious. — liOgs r. Amer. Pncif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell. B. lieaves not distinctly curved, gen. ijuite entire. a. Leaves subulate-acuminate. »'',..«"»;;>;/? I ll.R.expalleihS C. M. et Kindb. — Entodon cat. Canad. m. Leaves large ovate-lanceolate or ovate oblong with not long, sometimes faintly denticulate and at apex often deflexed acu- men, not or indistinctly recurved; upper cells linear, alar large, (/apsules unknown. Resembles Bravhythecium rivulare. Dioecious. — Bogs by springs r. Amer, Can.: iNbicoun. IT. S.: James, com. C. Mueller. 12.K.carolinianiini C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M. syn, ' »Leavee narrowly ovate-lanceolate acuminate, recurved all around; perichetial entire. Capsule small obovate inclined. Branches compressed somewhat long and flaccid, dusky yello- wish; stem long. Monoecious. — Wet rocks r. Amer. U. S.: Sullivant»: C. M. b. Leaves obtusate (obtuse or acute). 13.R.Kegelii C. Mueller. — Leskea C. M.; Raphidostegium Renauld et Cardot; Hypnum C. M. syn. Leaves small ovate more or less recurved; upper cells rhom- bic-oblong, lower huiceolate, alar small. Capsule narrowly cy- lindric subarcuate; pedicel somewhat long. Tufts dirty green. Monoecious. »Peristomial teeth short yellow*: C. M. syn. — Trees r. Amer. U. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot. in. Pseudo-Pylaisia Kindb. H.K.cyliiidricarpuni C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M.; Sulliv. ic. m. Leaves ovate-lanoeolate curved, recurved below and (as the perichetial serrate at acumen; alar cells large hyaline, the others linear. Capsule cylindric; teeth yellow; segments rimose; pedicel somewhat long. Tufts intricate us. brown-green or faintly glossy I)i«.>eciou6. — Logs in woods r. Amer. U. S.: Sullivant, com.C Mu»-ller;Purpus, com. Roell;Peck, herb. Austin, com. Macoun. 1! I •! i] I- ■ * I .1 i' '■■ ■ ~ 66 I* ('J i y ! i ij'l I ' 49. Rhynchoste&riiini Bryol. eur. I. Eli-Rhynchostegiiini. Stem with broad parnphyllia. Leaves nearly flat; costa short double or indistinct. Dioecious or monoecious. II. PseiHl-Eurliynehinni. Leaves often concave; costa gen. simple or in some leaves indistinct. Often monoecious. Para- phyllia us, wanting, in R. serrnlatum sometimes present. I Eu-Rhynchostegium A. Leaves more or less distant, not decurrcnt; alar cells not large or not well-defined. R. fruiting. LR.depressiini Bruch, • Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong acute sometimes short-acuminate, serrulate above, nearly entire below; upper cells oval-oblong, middle oblong-lanceolate. Capsule suboval or arcuate strangu- late; annulus double; lid rostrate; pedicel short. Stem creeping. Tufts glossy green. Dioecious. — Shady rocks. Eur. not com- mon. Sweden, (Germany, Switzer!.! 'i.R.^eopynlum Austin; Sullivant icon, muscor. Differs from the last: Leaves somewhat larger and more distant, subobtusate, denticulate below; uppermost cells oval, lower lanceolate. Capsule not strangulate; annulus simple. Branches longer; stem nearly eradiculose. — Clayey shaded ground r. Anier. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun. o.B.deplanatiim Schimper. — Hypnum Sch.; Sulliv. ic. m.; Rhynchostegium Kindb.; Hypnum (Rhynchostegium) Lq. et J. FiCaves ovate oblong acute with short or more ju-olonged su- bulate acumen, serrulate above, minutely denticulate or nearly entire below, cells gen. linear-lanceolate, lower sometimes sub- oblong; co.sta often obsolete, {-"oinetimes double. I*erichetial leaves with dentate long-subulate acumen. Capsule oval-oblong or arcuate, strangulate wide-mouthed plicate when dry; seg- ments entire; lid rostrate, rostellate or obtuse; annulus none; l)edicel often short. Stem depr(!ssed creeping; paraphyllia us. dentate. Tufts dense glossy green. Us. monoecicnis. I weaves often crowded. — On rocks or on base of trees. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser. — Male Howers not found by Sidlivant. 4.R.caloosioilse Austin. — Hypn.um Austin. »Dirt'ers from the last in short ])ointed entire leaves and nuich longer enti'- paraphyllia. — Jjcaves broadly obli(]|uely ovate subacuminatvs areolation loose rhomboidal fusiform; costa geminate distinct to near middle. Capsule broadly oval much constricted; pedicel short. Moroecious. — Amer. v. U. S.: J. D. Smith, Austin*: Lesti. et Jam. — 67 — B. Leaves crc.wded decurrent; alar cells large hyaline. I^id of capsule long-conic acute or short conic rostellate. Hi- o.R.membranosiim Kindb. — Plagiothecium cat. Can. in. Leaves flat ovatc-ohlong acute or short-acuminate, entire or above m^;idle denticulate, patent or spie.uling; cells linear exc. the alar. Capsule cylindric or obovate arcuate, not constricted; teeth yellow; pedicel not long. Tufts dense glossy green, not or sparingly radiculose. Dioecious. — Logs in swamps r. Amer. Can.: Afacoun; White. II. Pseud-Eurhynchium Kindb. • ' A. Leaves crisped when dry; cells much dilated. B.R.rotundifoIium Scopoli. — Hypnum Hcop.; Rhynchostogium Br. eur. Leaves somewhat distant, not decurrent; costa vanishing near middle. Stem-leaves ovate gradually short-acuminate, nearly entire; cells suboblong, alar not defined. Branch-leaves shorter, broad-ovate abruptly short-acuminate, minutely denticulate all around; cells oval. Capsule suboval not large; lid rostrate; pedicel short smooth. Stem creeping. Tufts green. Monoecious. — Stones r. Eur. south, districts. Switzerl., Italy! -i B. Leaves not crisped; cells gen. narrow. a. Leaves distant; alar cells large. Lid of capsule not ro- strate. 7.R.revelstokense Kindb. — Eurhynchium note on Can. bryol. Leaveg ovate-lanceolate long-subulate denticulate {)licate and pellucid, sometimes short-decurrent; cells lanceolate exc. the alar; costa somewhat thick, vani-^hing above middle or shorter. Capsule arcuate; lid rostellate; pedicel short smooth. Stem creeping subpiimate or irregularly divided. Tufts i)ale or light green. Male flowers not found. — FiOgs r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun; N. Found 1.; Waghorne. inte(l; branch-leaves with short subulate sonictiines twisted point. Capsule arcuate; lid apiculatc; pedicel rough very long. Stem subpinnate or irregularly divided. Tufts dark green, faintly glossy, radiculose at base. Monoecious. Habit of B. serrulatun. — Earth and stones in woods r. Amer. (Jan.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne, L'. S. New Jersey: com. Macoun. n — 68 — b. Leaves gen. diBtant; alar cells not large. aa. Leaves serrulate or serrate, gen. large; costa simple us. long. 9.R.serriilatuin Hedwig. — Hypnum H.; SuUivant ic. m.; Rh^-nohostegium Kindb.; Hypnum (Rliynchostegium) Lq. et Jam. Leaves serrulate pellucid neither striate nor decurrent; cells sublinear exc. the sometimes not well-detined alar; costa thin often reaching above middle. Stem-leaves filiform-pointed us. ovateoblong; branch-leaves broadly ovate-lanceolato with short sublinear twisted point. Capsule arcuate; segments entire; an- nulus broad; lid rostrate; pedicel smooth us. long. Stem pin- nate creeping, r. with paraphyllia. Tufts j^ale green. Monoe- cious. — On ground in dry woods. Amer. not r. Can.: Macomi. U. S.: Roell; Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Fitzgerald, com. Renauld. * R.eriense Kindb. — Kurhynchium note on Can. bryol. Leaves subovate nearly crowded, shorter and less distant; alar cells more distinct, Capsule smaller; pedicel short. — Amer. Can.: Macoun. II. S.: Roell. * H.liispidifolilim Kindb. — Eurhynchium Kindb. 1. c. Branches longer. Leaves very long, ovate-lanceolate long- acuminate sharply serrate. Capsules und flowers unknown. — Amer. r. Can. Brit, (^ol.: Macoun. bh. Leaves entire or near apex minutely denticulate. lO.R subinteiLn'ifoliuiii Kindb. — Eurhynchium Kindb. 1. c. Leaves decurrent chlorophyllose ovate-oblong short-pointed faintly striate; alar (;ellH somewhat numerous, the others subli- near; costa mo.stly thin gen. reaching t() acumen, sometimes thicker, siiorter and forked. Capsule subobovate or arcuate; pedicel 8nK)oth; lid and male flowers not seen. Habit of R. serrulatum. — Log.s r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. ll.R.St.vriaciini Limpricht et Breidler. — Limnobium T^pr. .et Breidl. in schcd.; Rhynch( stegium Kindb. Leaves (of branches) broad-ovate abruptly short-acuminate neither decurrent not striate; cells oblong-linear exc. the dusky quadrate alar. Tufts yellowish not radiculose. Synoecious. Capsules not seen. — Inundated rocks r. Eur. Austria near Schladming: Breidler, com. Limpricht. CC. Leaves minutely denticulate. Li.K.bifarielhiill Kindb. — Plagiothecium cat. Can. m. Leaves small neither striate nor crowded nor distinctly de- current; alar cells small few quadrate, the others gen. linear. Stem-leaves short somewhat broad ovate-cordate nearlv entire B9 — with falcate filiform nearly entire point; costa jjen. obsolete. Branch-leaveH broadly ovate-lanceolate; costa vanishing near or above middle. Capsules unknown. Stem pinnate sparingly radiculose. Tufts loose olive-green. Habit of Eurhynchmm Bolcenderi. — Wet places in woods r. Amer. Can. Vane, isl.: Macoun. 50. Taxithelium Mitten. l.T.planuni Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Taxithelium Mitt. Leaves from contracted base broadly suboval acute denticu- late sometimes short-acuminate; alar cells subrectangular. Cap- sule small piriform inclined; teeth yellow; segments as high; cilia present; lid apiculate; pedicel reddish yellow very long. Stem pro.^'.trate subpinnate; branches approached. — Amer. r. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. (Cuba: Wright, com. C. Mueller). 51. Plagiothecium Br. eur. A. Branches ctomplanate. Often dioecious. a. Leaves undulate. 1. Pseudo-Neckera. Leaves decurrent large gen. quite entire. Capsule large arcuate; lid rostratts. Branches long often simple. Dioecious. b. Leaves not undulate. n. Ku*Plagiot1iO('iiim. Leaves decau-rent gen. quite entire often large. Capsule oblique or straight; lid r. rostrate. Plants often robust. 111. IvSOpterji^iuiii. Leaves not decurrent us. not large often den- ticulate Capsule mostly oblique or arcuate; lid obtuse or ro- stellate. Plants not robust. Stem not long. B. Branches m, or faintly compressed. Monoecious. 1V\ Pseud-Isopter.vgiuin. Leaves neither undulate nor de current nor large, gen. quite entire, sometimes curved when dry. Cj 'Rule straight or faintly curved; lid obtuse or rostellate. Stem so etimes long. L Pseudo-Neckera Kindb. l.P.undlllailini L. — Hypnum L.; Plagiothecium Br. eur. Leaves subovate acute short-acuminate or obtusate, r. denti- culate at acumen, short-decurrent, gen. crowded; upper cells narrow linear, lower lanceolate exc. the not well-defined alar. Leaves of the branchlets narrower, often long-acuminate. Capsule striate when dry; pedicel long. Branches pale or whitish green sometimes subturgid. Tufts gen. loose. — Earth and siliceous rocks in woods. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Germany, France! Amer. Can.: J. Macoun. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. i'. ,0 tr-'t- r^Vi LL»- In "i: V ': r I ■ i ■ ;' I, : i : • — 70 — 2.P.neckeroideuiii Hchinii)er. Leaves Jis in the liiHt but distant iong-decurrent; nearly all cells nari'ow-linear exc. the short and large alar and lowest basal. Capsule not striate; pedicel long. Stem more divided, branchlets thin flagelliforni. Tufts dense green. Habit of Neckera criapa. — Shady humid places near waterfalls in woods of subalp. region r. Eur. Austria: Breidler, com. Warnstorf. II. Eu-Plagiothecium. A. Leaves gen. large. Capsule large more or less oblique or curved; lid rostellate-rostrate or r. obtuse; pedicel long. a. Leaves distinctly decurrent; costa short double or indistinct. 3.P....,;... C. Leaves small gen. entire. Us. dioecious. ' ".,' a. Costa of leaves short double or indistinct. Dioecious. IS.P.nitiduliim Wahlenberg. — Hypnum Wng fl. lappon.; Plagiothecium Schimper; P. Muellerianum Schimp.; Sull. ic. m. Leaves ovate-lanceolate gradually tapering to a filiform often long point, quite entire, distant; cells narrow-linear, alar not distinct. Capsule small cylindric-oblong or subobovale, gen. oblique and faintly cernuous, annulate; cilia short; lid rostellate; pedicel short. Tufts loose glossy green. — Rocks and earth, gen. r. Eur. Sweden (not r.), Switzerl.l Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser. — P. Muellerianum Schimp. (syn.) differs only in smaller narrower leaves and looser tufts. — Eur. Switzerl.! France: Spruce, com. Boswell. lO.P.pseiulo-latebricoU Kindb. cat. Canad. ni. ' ' Leaves entire less distant, from broadly ovate-lanceolate base suddenly tapering to a straight filiform somewhat long point; alar cells few often not distinct, the others narrowly linear. Capsule obovate-oblong oblique slightly curved often pendent; teeth pale; cilia long subappendiculate; lid conic; pedicel short. 6 il* r-1u. V > ' l-i u « ?! iL.1 : 1i ■■■> — 74 — Branches often curved; branchlets longer with smaller narrower leaves. Tufts dense glossy green. — On rotten wood r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser, i ,;.,,>.. ....,y ; „,x.;o 20.P.pa88aicense Austin. Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate sinuolate at acumen, nearly crowded, shorter than in the both last; lowest basal cells dilated, alar distinct, the others linear or linear-lanceolate. Capsule very small suboblong oblique or slightly curved, annu- late; teeth pale; pedicel not long. Tufts green. — Logs in swamps r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. b. Costa of leaves sometimes simple but very thin, reaching to middle. Monoecious. '. , .' 'il.P.geminum Mitten. — Htereodon Mitt.; Plagiothecium Kindb. Leaves distant ovate-oblong short-acuminate nearly entire or slightly denticulate at acumen or below it; alar cells few us. distinct, the others linear. Capsule subcylindric nearly straight; pedicel short. — Rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. IV. Pseud-Isopterygium Kindb. '22.F.|julchelluilli Hedwig. — Leskea II ; Plagiothecium Br. eur. Leaves entire ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate, gradually tapeiing to a gen. short point; cells lanceolate-linear, alar not distinct. Capsule subcylindric often straight erect, annulate; lid apiculate or rostMlate; pedicel sometimes long. Stem short. Tufts dense green. Leaves gen. smaller than in P. nitidulum and nearly crowded. — Rocks and their crevices princ. in alps. Eur. not r. Sweden and Norway common in alps! Switzerl.I; Schimper. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. Greenl.: Berggren. 28.P.Bottiiiii Breidlei. Leaves larger than in the last, slightly denticulate at acumen, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate gen. abruptly narrowed to a long filiform-pointed acumen; basal cells dilated, alar subcjua- drate not much wider, the others sublinear. Capsule small subcylindric or suboblong without distinct ne(;k, oblique or curved; lid obtuse; pedicel long subcapillary; annulus not seen. Stem long. Tufts loose green or yellowish. — Peat-bogs r. Eur. Italy: A. Bottini. ,1 \. .h't- ^i-M •:! 62. Slereophyllum Mitten. l.S.Wrightii Sullivant. — Hypnum (Omalia) SuU. ic. muse; »Stereophyllum Mitt.»: C. M. Leaves distant ovate-oblong or sublinear-oblong gen. obtusate, faintly denticulate above, inflexed below at one side, not large; — 7S — coKta vanishing above middle. Capsule nniall subobovnte Bub- ercct; teeth pale yellow scarcely liigher or broader than seg- ments; cilia shorter; lid conic or rosteliate; cah'ptra narrow; ])edicel longlsh. Stem creeping. Tufts green o;- golden glossy. Habit of Neckera (llomalia). — Roots of trees r. Amer. II. S.: herb. Lesfpiereux, com. Renauld (Cuba: Wright, herb. SuUivarit, com. C. Mueller). ' "' ' •■='". 4': " 58. Aiiiblystegiuiii Bryol. eur. 1. i'^ll-Amblyslegiiini. Leaves not distinctly recurved; alar cells few or indistinct. a. Leaves decurrent. - 1. Coiiipactn. Leaves with well-defined alar cells; costa snbper- current. Tufts compact with intricate stems. Us. monoecious. b. Leaves not or indistinctly decurrent. 2. Serpentia. Leaves crowded or not longdi..' ant; alar cells gen. not well-defined; costa simple. Capsule somewhat large; i)edicel long. Us. monoecious. 3. Speirophylla. Leaves long-distant very small; alar cells us. indistinct; costa simple or obsolete. Capsule small; pedicel short. Dioecious. 4. 8llbtilia. Leaves small crowded; alar cells distinct; costa gen. obsolete. Capsule small; pedicel short. Tufts dense. Monoecious. IL Ftycholonia. Leaves recurved gen. to middle; alar cells numerous green. Leaves crowded not decurrent; costa us. ob- solete. Capsule small; pedicel short. Monoecious. '■ . -! I. Eu-Ambl)'stegium. •• 1. Compacta. A. Leaves short-decurrent nearly crowded. Tufts very radi- culose. l.A.COmpactuill C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M.; SuUiv. ic. m. Leaves recurved near base, ovate-oblong short-acuminate or ovate-lanceolate acute, minutely denticulate princ. below; alar cells not large, the others oblong-lanceolate us. pellucid. Capsule small oblong-cylindric with distinct neck, gen. suberect nearly straight; lid acute or apiculate; teeth pale yellow; cilia very short; pedicel long. Tufts somewhat high, green above, us. decolorate or red-brown below. Branches erect. Monoecious. — Logs r. Amer. Can.: Waghorne; Druminond, com. C. Mueller. Eur. » France »: Husnot revue bryol. 1896. 2.A.siibcompactiim C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m. Differs from the last: Leaves long-acuminate not recurved; inner cells lanceolate-linear. Capsule longer, often curved; lid - u M Si 5.^ iH'.' t . IIP I :i !■ lip ' i. '\ V' ■ V 1i 1 — 76 — roHtellnte. — Trees iii swamps r Anier. Can.: Macoun. V. S.: Roell; Kelwey, com. C'ardot. B. Leaves long-deourrent very distant. Tufts sparingly ra- diculose. Caj)8uleH unknown. ' 3.A.4li.ssitifoliuin Kindh. cat. Canad. in. Loaves from Kubcordate or ovate base tapering to a Honietimos long acumen, denticulate all around; alar ccHk soniewhat large, the others oval-oblong very chlorophyllose. Tufts low green. Dioecious. — Wet limestone rocks r. Amer. Can. near Niagara and Owen Hound: Macoun. 2. S(!rpentia. 4.A.Tarium lledwig. — Leskea IL; AmblvHtegiuni Lindb. in part. . ■ Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, often entire; middle cells gen. oval-oblong; costa gen. long, also in periche- tial leaves not excurrent. Capsule curved; annulus compound, .'^tem decumbent. Monoecinua. — Logs, trees and stones, not uneonnnon. Eur. Swede Norway, Swit/eri., Italy! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. * A.radicale Beauvois. — Hypnum Beau v.; Amblystegium Br. eur. Loaves smaller and more distant, denticulate; cells gen. oblong; ct»sta less long. — Eur. Switzerl.l Finl.: Lindberg. * A.porpliyiiiizon Lindb. in Schimp. syn. Leaves small and less bread, denticulate and crowded; cells suboblong; costa faint often vanishing near middle. Confounded with A. serpens. — Eur. not r. Sweden connnon, Germany, Switzerl.! Engl.: Rogers. Amer. Can. common: Macoun; Waghorne. * A.Juratzkje Schimper. Leaves somewhat small denticulate more distant; cells gen. oblong-lanceolate; costa subpercurrent. Eur. Sweden, Switzerl., Germanyl Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell. :. ' * A.leptopliylluin Schimper. Leaves somewhat small denticulate crowded; cells oblong- lanceolate; costa subpercurrent. — Eur. France: Phililiert. 5.A.ortliocla(lon Beauvois. — Hypnum Beauv.; Sulhv. ie. m.; Amblystegium Kindb. > . Leaves larger than in A. varium and very chlorophyllose, from ovate-oblong base acuminate, distant and nearly spreading; middle cells gen. suboval; costa subpercurrent, broader tlipn in A. varium, in perichetial leaves still broader and excurrent. Capsule us. suberect faintly curved; annulus simple; pedicel ^ i; I 3 *■■ — 77 — gen. tzerl., |. ni.; lose, Iding; Ithpn rrent. Idicel often very long. Brnnohea often erert. Dioecloufi. — Wet plncep. Amer. Can.: Miu in. U. 8.: iSullivant, com. C. Mueller. B. A. serpens L. — Hyimunn L.; AmblyBtegium Br. eur. LeavcH narrower than in A, varium, ^^en. nmaller and less chlorophylloRe, often entire; middle cellfi gen. suboblong; costa faint more nhhrovinto. Sicni-leaveH narrowly puboblong-lanceo- late, not nnu'h dilated at base; branch-leaves Hublinear-lanceo- late. Periehetial leaves long-acuminate. Capsule curved; amui- lus compound; pedicel long. Stem decumbent. — Trees, logs and stones gen. common. Eur. Sweden etc.! Amer. Can.: Ma- coun: Waghorno. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. *A.Columbi» Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII. -'"^^ '• • ^ Leaves denticulate all around, nearly spreading; cells oblong- lanceolate; costa sometimes reaching into acumen, Periehetial leaves short-acuminate. Habit of Cnmpi/lium. — Wet logs r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. 3. Speiro{)hylla. A. Leaves with subjicrcurrent costa. Capsules unknown. T.A.speirophyllum Kindb. in Ottawa Naturalist IV. JiCaves obtusate subaciito or short-acuminate, subcordate or oval-oblong, entire or slightly denticulate; cells suboval; costa gen. thin. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. N. Brunsw.: Moser. U. S.: Roell. ' S.A.distaiitifolium Kindb. cat. Canad. m. Leaves ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate serrulate all around, chlorophyllo.ee and sometimes subdccurrent; cells nuboblong; costa thick sometimes subexcurrent. — Rocks r. Amer. N. Foundl: Waghorne. B. Leaves with short often obsolete costa. a. Leaves narrow gen. acute. y.A.Sprilcei Bruch. — Hypnum Bruch; Amblystegium Br. eur. Leaves narroAvly ovate-oblong or sublinear gen. long-acuminate entire; cells oval oblong; costa gen. indistinct. Periehetial leaves coarsely dentate above. Capsule suboblong-piriform or finally turV)inate; teeth pale; lid subobtuse. R. fruiting. Dioecious. — In caverns of rocks or in swamps princ. in alps, often mixed with an hepatic {Blepharosfoma trichophyllum). Eur. Sweden, Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun. * A.niimitissiniuin Sullivant et Lesquereux. — Hypnum Sulliv. icon. mus<'. Leaves more distinctly denticulate; costa often distinct. Tufts less loose. »Sometime8 monoecious*: Sulliv. 1. c. — Amer. t,v » .'!;' *'\ii i 1 • ■) }::•■■ m — 78 — in lower diptrictB not r. Cnn.: Mnoonn. U. S.: Snllivant, com. C. Mueller. Eur. r. Norway near I.ille Elvedal: S. (). Lindhorg mid E. Nyinan. lO.A.fenestratuni Kindb. cat. (^uuid. in. > Leaves subhyaline denticnlato narrowly ovate-lanoeolate or Hublint'ar; cells narnnvly oblong; cf ta more or Icph dinlinct. CapBules unknown. — Borders of ponds r. Amer. Can.: DciirncHs, com. Macoun. b. Leaves broad gen. obtuse. ',.1,,^ = ,- ■ » ll.A.Holzingori Renauld et Clardot in bot. gazette. Leaves entire subovate or ovate-oblong, pometimes short-acu- minate subacute; cells suboval, princ. the upper, or suboblong; costa van' hing near middle or short forked. Periehetial leaves entire. Capsule suboval strangulate obliiue or arcuate; jiedicel less than 1 centim. long. Amer. r. »U. fe.: Holzinger»: Hen. et Card. 1. c. 4. Subtilia. A. Leaves entire; costa sometimes reaching to middle. En- dostome witli short or none cilia. 12.A.Silbtilo Hedwig, — Leskea H.; Amblystegium Br. eur. Stem-leaves subovate-lanceolate; middle cells suboblong; branch- leaves narrower. Periehetial leaves entire us, costate. (!npsule subsymmetric; lid apiculate. Tufts greenish. — On trees or r, on rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden! Amer, Can.: Macoun. B. Leaves denticulate, at least those of branches; costa obsolete. Cilia of endostome us. long. IS.A.COnfervoldes Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Amblystegium Br. eur. Stem-leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate; middle cells suboblong; branch-leaves narrower, ])atent when moist. Capsule gen. arcuate; lid apiculate. Periehetial leaves denticu- late. Tufts green. — Rocks gen. r. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.i Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. 14.A.p8eudo-eonferTOi(les Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. Leaves smaller shorter and less distinctly denticulate than in the last; cells wider, oval -oblong. Stem-leaves ovate-oblong obtusate acute or short-acuminate. Biv^nch-leaves suberect when moist. Capsule arcuate; lid conic obtuse; pedicel very short. Periehetial leaves nearly entire. Stems and branches subjula- ceous. — Limestone rocks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. 15.A.teiiiiissimuiii Guembel. Stem-leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate, faintly denticulate; — 79 — middle ^oUs Huboblong. Brnnch-leaves distant narrower. Cnpsulc Htibsymnietrir or faintly curved; lid not npicnlate. TiiftB green. — Earth and trees r. Eur. Switzerl. near Lugano and in Grau- bnendenl II. Ptycholoma Kindb. in.A.RdnHtiim Iledwig. — Hypnum 11.; 8ulliv. icon, m.; Am- blyHtpgium Kindb. " "' *' ' •^'' LeaveH entl.'e gen. subovate nbtusate; alar rellH sub(iundrate on a narrow sj nco, tbo others chloropbylloso gen. suboval. Cap- sule often arcuate; tooth yellowish; cilia often long; lid apicu- late or obtuse. I'crichetial leaves serrulate at the short acumen. Tufts green or dark green. — Stones and trees. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Moser. U. 8.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller. 54. Platyloma Kindberg, new genus*). l.P.Le.seiiri! Sullivant. — Hypnum Sull. icon. m. '' ' " Leaves distant chlorophyllose opake, minutely denticulate all around, not decurrent; costa thick subpercurrent. Stem-leaves broadly round-ovate, abruptly Hhort-acuminate; inner cells lan- coolato-linear, alar obsolete. Branch-leaves ovate subobtuse or ncuto; cells oval oblong. Perichetial leaves ovate-lanceolate; costa excurrent. Capsule suboblong or arcuate; teeth golden yellow, connate at base; segments as high, split in middle; cilia long not appendiculato; annulus large compound; lid obtuse mamil- late; pedicel 2 — 15 centim. long. Stem irregularly branching. Tufts dark green. Monoecious. — Moist rocks r. Amer. U. S.: Uooll; Lesquereux, com. Renauld. ,:..,,. / 55. Calliergon Kindberg, new genus. (Hypnum, subsp. Calliergon et Limnobium, Sullivant.) A. Capsule not annulate. Leaves entire. 1. Eu-Calliergoii. Leaves not falcate; alar cells large; costa long gen. subpercurrent. Pedicel of capsule long. Stem not cree- l)ing but sometimes radiculose below, often pinnate. Dioecious or (0. cordifolium) monoecious. II Litnnobioil. Leaves of stem not falcate, those oi branches often falcate; alar cells not large; costa abbreviate sometimes double or indistinct. Pedicel of capsule shortish. Stem cree- ping not pinnate. Monoeoions. B. Capsnle annulate. Leaves sometimes denticnlate. a. Stem pinnate eradiculose. Leaves entire; costa double very short or indistinct. Dioecious. *) This peculiar genuB is nearly similar to Limhella C. M. in sched., found in S. Amer. only in barren state. I - m ll I! ■\ \i I f i — SO- UL Fseud-Acrocladlum. Leaves not falcate; alar cells very large. Branches cuspidate by convolute leaves. IV. Scorpidiuiii. Branches not cuspidate, their leaves falcate; alar cells indistinct. b. Stem not pinnate, sometimes radiculose. V. Pseuilo-Liiiinobioii. Alar leaf-cells gen. distinct. aa. Costa ».f branch-leaves subpercurrent. Stem eradiculose. 1. Badiifcrniia. Leaves entire not decurrent, those of branches often falcate. Dioecious very r, fruiting. bb. Costa of leaves gen. short or indistinct. 2. Ochraceiformia. Leaves entire or nearly so, decurrent and distant; those of branches often falcate. Stem eradiculose. Dioecious r, fruiting. 8. Molliformia. Leaves not or indistinctlv decurrent. sometimes * > denticulate, gen. crowded and not falcate. Stem not creeping us. eradiculose. Ofcen monoecious. 4. Moiitaniforinia. Leaves pmall sometimes decurrent, Uir. den- ticulate; those of branches often falcate. Stem creeping. Ja. monoecious. I. Eu-Calliergon. A. Leaves gen. decurrent. L C. cord i folium Hedwig. — Hypnum H. Leaves us. distant and large; upper cells linear-lanceolate, the lower (below middle) subobloiig hyaline. Stem-leaves gen. Eubovate; costa subpercurrent. Capsule largo; lid obtuse mamil- late or apiculate. Stems loosely tufted, r. radiculose; branches gen. long and simple. Tufts us. green. Us. monoecious. — Swamps and other wet places not r. but not common. Eur. Sweden! Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can : Macoun; Moscr; Waghorne. * C. Richardson! Mitten. — Stereodon Mitt; Hypnum Lesq. et Jam.; H. Breidleri Juralzka; ll. cyclophyllotum Ilolzinger. Leaves lees distant; only the lowest basal cells dilated; the alar sometimes more distinct. Tufts more dense, often brownish with golden glossy branch- tops. Stem pinnate; branches not long, — Eur. Sweden, Norway! Austria: Breidler. Amer. Can.: Macoun. 2.C.giganteiini Schimper. — Hypnum Sch. Differs from C. cordifoUum: Lenves nearly crowded; cells sub- linear except the laige hyaline aiar. Tufts dense green or brownish. Branches pinnate with numerous branchlets. Dioe- cious very r. fruiting. — Swamps, common. Eur. Sweden, Norwavl Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser, — 81 S.C.str.iTninenm Dickson. — Hypnnm Dick?. ' " — > - Leaves oval-oblong nearly crowded or distant, smaller than in C. cordifolium, sometimes with red rhizoids, at apex; cells gen. Bublinear except the large red or hyaline alar and the often round-oval apical; costa more or less abbreviate. Capnule somewhat large; lid mamillate. Stem sparinj^ly divided; bran- ches long not rigid. Tufts gen. pale green, sometimes whitish or brownish, not radiculose. Dioecious. — Peat-bogs. Eur. common. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can. not r.: Ma- coun; Moser; Waghorne, * C.laxifolium Kindb. .1. subsp. Leaves narrower, very distant and longer decurrent; cells wider; costa subpercurrent. — Amer. Greenl.: Vanhoeffen. * C.nivale Lorentz. — Hypnum Lor.; Schimper. Leaves smaller and crowded, broadly oval-oblong, appressed when dry; cells often somewhat dilated. Branches us. whitish or yellowish green. — Alpine bogs r. Eur. Norway! Austria: Lorentz, B. Leaves not decurrent. 4.C.sarniento$uni Wahlenberg. — Hypnum Wng. Leaves red or brown-red (r. green) somewhat small and crowded, narrowly ovate-oblong or oblong-lance^^atc; cells linear except the short dark red near base and ^he larger alar; costa gen. red and subpercurrent. Capsule s.d iler than in C cordi- folium; lid sometimes rostellate. Stem irregularly divided or subpinnate with short branches. Dioecious. — Swamps princ. in alps, gen. r. JjJur. Norway (common and not r. fruiting)! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. IL Limnobion Kindb. •'j.C.palustre L. — Hypnum L. Leaves subovate often small, us. crowded, sometimer, decurrent; cells sublinear (or the upper oblong-lanceolate) except the often orange-colored alar; costa variable, sometimes wantnig. Stem- leaves obtusate subacute; branch-leaves gen. acute or short-acu- minate. Capsule not large often curved; lid acute or apiculate. Tufts us. dirty green. — In or near mostly running water, common. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moscr. HL Pseud- Acrocladium Kindb. O.C.Cllspidatiilll Ij. — Hypnum L.; Acrocladium Lin' lb. Stem-leaves broad-ovate obtuse or ovate-oblong subacute, subdecurrenl; upper cells oblong-lanceolate, middle linear, Icwer ft I 1^ '> 82 „ ■ ^ ■ <'?. 1 m i ) . . •> V ' : - ^ "' '. J inner basal shorter and dilated, alar hyaline or red. Capsule large arcuate; lid acute; pedicel very long. Tufts dirty green or yellowish sometimes glossy. — Wet places. Eur. common. Sweden (often fruiting), Germany, Switzerl.! Amer. not common. Can.: Macomi; JMoeer. IV. Scorpidium Schimper. T.C.scorpioides L. — Kypnum L. Leaves suboval-ohlong not decurrent, us. very large; cells gen. linear, the lowest basal shorter and wider. Stem-leaves obtuse sometimes apiculate; branch-lenvef" obtuse cr acute. Cap- sule large arcuate; lid apiculate; pedicel very long. Tufts us. brownish with golden glossy branch-tops. R. fruiting. — Peat- bogs princ. in northern distr. Eur. SAveden, Norway (common)! Amer. Can.: Macoun. V. Pfe^udo-Limnobion Kindb. 1. Badiiformia. S.C.badium C. J. Hartman. — Hypnum Hartman. Stem-leaves suboval short-apiculate; cells gen. linear ofnnge- colored, the alar nearly indistinc costa of some leaves short double. Branoh-leavep ovate-oblong short-acuminate acute; costa Bubpercurrent. Capsule not large, more or less curved; lid obtuse; pedicel somewhat long. Stems sparingly divided, r. tufted; branches us long nd often loosed from stem, us. brown- red with golden glossy tops, r. green. Often growing together with C. sarmentosum or Hypyium revolvens. — Swamps in northern alps r. Eur. Norway fruiting! Sweden: \{. Hartman. Finl.: Rro- theras. Amer. Greenl.: Berggren. O.C.polare Lindberg. ~ Hypnum lindberg. Leaves ovate-oblong, either obtusate (obtuse or acute) or short-acuminate and falcate, greenisii or sometimes golden glossy; alar cells large hyaline, the others sublinear or the uppermost oblong-lapceolate; costa subpercurrent. Capsule slightly curved not large; pedicel short. Stems densely tufted but loosely co- hering; branches sometimes suhjulaceous. — Sand and stones in alp. rivulets r. Eur. NorAvay! Sweden fruiting: E. !Nyman. Spetsbergen: Berggren. France: Husnot, Amer. »(Treenl.»: Berg- gren 2. Ochraceiformia. A. Leaves entire; costa gen. short us. double. Stem not rigid; branches often long. lO.C.Oclirnceiiiii Turner et Wilson. — Hypnum T. et W. Stem-leaves broad-ovate obtuse not falcate; uppermost cells - 83 oblong-lanceolate, middle sublinenr, alar large. Branch-leaveH often curved and aouto, eonnetimes sinuolate near apex. Cap- sule subovate or arcuate; lid obtuse; pedicel not long. Leaves often large, us. green or ochraceous. — Htones in running water princ. in northern alps. Eur. not r. Norway liutfif/i'm, Sweden! Spain: Levier. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun Can. not r.: Ma- coun, fruiting; Moser; Wagborne. ll.C.Goulardi Schimper. — Hypnum Scb. Leaves snnall not falcate, broadly subcordate obtuse very concave; cells suboblong or oblong-lanceolate exc. the small alar. Capsule very small, faintly curved; lid obtuse; pedicel short. Tufts dark green. Branches often very long. - - Earth and stones in upper alp. region r. Eur. Norv^flfy 'fruiting)! Sweden: E. Nyman. Austria: Breidler. Amer. Can.: Macoun. Greenl.: Berggren. B. Leaves crenulate all around; costa subpercurrent. Stem rigid when dry; branches not long. ri.C.torrentis C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Can. m. Leaves smaller than in the last, subcircular not falcate, re- curved below; cells as i;. the last. Capsules unknown. Stem filiforiT). — Rocks in mountain torrents r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun. 3. Molliformia. A. Monoecious often fruiting. Leaves us. denticulate above. Stem eradiculose. a. Alar leaf-cells large, in elder leaves finally red. J8.(!.eilgyrluni Schimper. — Hypnum Sch.; H. subeugyrium Renauld et Cardot '? Leaves ovate-oblong either obtusate (obtuse and cucuUate at apex or acute) or short-acuminate, entire or near apex faintly denticulate; cells gen. sublinenr exc. the alar; costa us. double. Capsule subobovate or slightly curved; lid obtuse; pedicel not long. Tufts us. brownish with golden glossy branch-tops, kiniotimes green. — Rocks in running water or near lakes gen. r. Eur. Germany! Sweden: C. Hartman. Engl.: Rogers. Amer. C!an.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. b. Alar leaf-cells small nearly indistinci; the inner dilated. Stem rigid at least Avhen dry. H-Carcih'iim Sommerfelt. — Hypnum Somf. Leaves subcircular obtuse entire or very faintly sinuolate above, crowded, small or large; inner cells oval-oblong; costa us. d('u|||§, Pf||)s())e small faintly curved; segments not split; hi !>! Mil km !: 1 — 84 — lid obtuse; peilioel not long. Tufts dense dark green or blackish. Branches not long. — Stones in alp. rivulets gen. r. Eur. Norway! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. C. Alar leaf-cells not red, gen. distinct; the inner sublinear. Stem soft. lo.C.molle Dickson. — Hypnum Dicks.; H. dilatatum Wilson; H. alpinum Schimper. - ' Leaves subcircular or oval-ovate with contracted base, obtuse or short-apiculate, crenulate or sinuolate above, crowded; alar cells gen. Bmall; costa us. double. Capsule arcuate; lid obtuse or apiculate; pedicel short. Tufts dense brown or brownish green often with golden glossy branch-tops. Stem sometimes denudate below; branches more or less turgid. — Wet alp. rocks. Eur. not r. Norway! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. IG.C.alpestre Swartz. — Hypnum Sw. Leaves entire suboblong, narrower than in the last i^nd less patent when moist, crowded, either obtusate apiculate or short- acuminate acute; alar cells often large, som'^times orange-colored; costa often simple. Capsule as in ' last but often with longer pedicel. Habit of the last. - - Wet rocks in northern alps r. Eur. Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun. Greenl.; Berggren. IT.C.Columbico-palustre C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Can. m. Leaves suboblong denticulate above middle, crowded; alar cells large; oosta simple, reaching above middle. Capsule ar- cuate; lid fiat maniillate; pedicel somewhat long. Tufts green or golden glossy. — Wet rocks r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Ma- coun. IS.C.circulifoliuni C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Can. m. Leaves subreniform or subcircular with cordate base, faintly crenulate all around, distant and green; cells and costa as in C. molle. Capsules unknown. — Rocks beloAV alps r. Amer. Can. N. Brunswick: Moser. B. Dioecious very r. fruiting. Leaves us. entire; alar cells very small or indistinct. Stem often simple. a, Stem julaceous eradiculose. Leaves entire obtusate crow- ded; costa sbort. 1 9.C.turgescens T. Jtnsen. — Hypnum T. Jens. 1858. Leaves large ovate or brond-ovafce obtuse, sometimes sliort- apiculate, brown or green, nearly appressed • -^ "; drv; cells oblong-lanceolate, the alar ino'siiuct: costa c ;iTble. St^m i-ick very turgid not rigid. Swamps in alps or at-ut if (ii> Svvc:iv,n) 85 — m. itly in Iter. ells )\V- )rt- jlls below alpB r. Eur. Sweden, Norwayl Amer. Can. Macoun. Greenl.; Berggren. n .'o^A'i • ■,. i;- '•; ^jferv ni'lu v;...Hi*v hmIIu '}.;it 20.C.trifarium Weber et Mohr. — Hypnum \V. M. -•'^' Leaves somewhat small, broad-ovate or subciroular, obtuse or subacute, brownish, strongly appressed when dry; lower basal cells short dilated, the others sublinear: costa sometimes simple. Capsule small suboblong or faintly curved; lid convex short-apiculate. Htems (branches) gen. very long and not tufted, not thick but very rigid when dry. Resembles C. sframineum — Peat-bogs r. Eur. Norway! Sweden: R. Hartman; O. W. Re- delius. Amer. Can. fruiting: Mac^oun. b. Stem not julaceous, sparingly radiculose. Leaves faintly denticulate above, short-acuminate somewhat distant; costa sometimes prolonged and simple. 'il.C.SllbmoUe Kindb. — Limnobion rev. bryol. 189.5. ^' ^'' Leaves with subovate base, sometimes acute, not falcate; cells linear, alar nearly indistinct. Tufts loose brown. Cap- sules unknown. — Rivulets in higher alp. region r. Eur. Norway in Snehjetten: D:r P. Olsson. 4. Montaniformia. * '■ '-'"'^ '' A. Dioecious. Capsules unknown. Leaves dentate-serrulate. 22.C.lllicans Wilson. — Hypnum Wils.; Chrysobryum Lindb.; SuUiv. icon. muse. Leaves broad-ovate or subcircular obtuse or acute, sometimes short-acuminate, recurved below, serrulate to below middle, not or slightly curved, subdecurrcnt, crowded or subdistant; cells gen. suboblong, inner basal yellow; costa gen. short and double. Tufts brown with golden glossy branch-tops. — Wet rocks r. Eur. Irel,: G. A. Holt. Amer. »U. S.»: Sulliv. B. Monoecious. Capsule small subovate or arcuate; lid obtuse; pedicel short. a. Leaves crowded, not or indistinctly decurrent, denticulate at least above middle; costa us. short and double. 23.C.pseu(l-arcticuiii Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Can. m. Leaves broad-oval or subcircular gen. obtuse, denticulate above middle, us. not distinctly falcate when moist; cells sub- linear-lanceolate except the hyaline alar. Tufts brown with green or glossy green branch-tops. Resembles a small variety of G. palusfre, which differs in entire leaves and not annulate capsule. — Wet stones in suoalp. region r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. ■ • 24.C.moiltanum Wilson. — Hypnum Wils. Leaves subovate acute apiculate or short-acuminate, denticulate 'Hk \ , 1 ' L ' I ' ^^t 1 I, ■■ \ r :!i m I 111 ,"» — 86 — all around, falcate or incurved; cells oblong-lanceolate except the often yellow alar. Tufts bright green or brown with green branch-tops. — Stones in rivulets r. Eur. Norway: Kaurin; E. Nyman. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S.; Rocll; James, com. Levier. b. Leaves distant decurrent nearly entire; cells oblong-lan- (;eolate; costa often simple. '2r).C.pscudo-iuontaiiuiii Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Can. m. Leaves subovate-oblong often somewhat long-acuminate, acute or obtuse, denticulate at apex, falcate or incurved, larger than in the last; alar cells more distinct; costa simple reaching above middle. Tufts bright green. Habit of the last, but branches are longer. — Stones in rivulets r. Amer. Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne; Drummond n. 206 in part. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. '26.C.YiridulUiil Hartman. — Hypnum Hartm. skand. flora; H. norvegicun Sch'mper. Leaves broiid-ovaic obtuse entire or slightly sinuolate at apex, not distinctly falcate; alar cells hyaline; costa simple or double. Tufts green. Resembles a small C\ ochraceum. — Alp. rivulets r. Eur. Norway!; J. E. Zetterstedt; Kaurin (fruiting). Amer. U. S. Oregon, mount Hood: Roell. 56. Cailiptothocium Bryol. eur., in part. A. Stem us. brown-tomentose. 1. Tomeiltella. Capsule large; lid not rostrate; pedicel long smooth. Leaves entire gen. large. Stem not regularly pinnate, not creeping; branches straight not julaceous, often distant. Tufts yellowish or golden glossy, r. green or brown. Dioecious. B. Stem not tomentose but sometimes radiculose. a. Stem us. irregularly divided; branches somewhat long and distant, not julaceous, often straight. Dioecious or monoecious. 2. Luteoldl'ia. Capsule large; lid us. rostrate; pedicel long sometimes smooth. Leaves large and narrow; those of branches us. denticulate. Stem often nearly eradiculose. yellowish or greenish. b. Stem us. pinnate; branches gen. subjulaceous or julaceous, us. curved. Pedicel of capsule rough; lid not rostrate. Gen. dioecious. 8. SPricaria. Capsule large; pedicel not long. Leaves us. large, those of brandies denticulate. Stem rigid us. creeping. Tufts us. green and silky glossy. 4. Aureolaria. Capsule small; pedicel short. Leaves small, tfiose of branches oiten nearly entire. Stem not rigid, often not creeping. Tufte us. golden glossy. Tufts glossy short and crowded, - 87 - 1. Tomentella. ' it l.C.uileils Schreber. — liypnuinSchr.jCHmptotlieciiuuSchimper. Leaves narrowly triangular (subovate-lanceolate) gradually long-acuniinatc filiform-pointed, not deeurrent; alar cells very Kmall, the others linear; alar and lower basal cells brown; costa reaching to acumen. Capsule oblong or subcylindric finally arcuate; teeth yellow; lid apiculato. Tufts us. yellowish or golden glossy. — Swamps and peat-bogs. Eur. common in northern districts. Sweden, Norwayl Amer. not common. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. In var. atrichum Kindb., a princ. arctic plant, tuftB are us. brown, stems without tomentum. Capsules unknown. — Eur. Norway near Kongsvold! Spetsbergen; R. Gylleucreutz. 2. Luteolaria. A. All leaves subulate-acuminate; inner cells linear. Stera- leaves gen. entire. : -., ;., a- a. Leaves plicate not or shortly (tecurrent; alar colls small. 'i.C.IutesceilS Hudson. — Hypnum Huds.; Camptothecium Br. eur.; C. fallax Philibert; C. fulgescens Mitten. Leaves narrow-triangular gen. long-acuminate, not deeurrent; apical cells of uppermost branch-leaves sometimes oblong, alar not well-distinct, the others gen. linear; costa reaching to acu- men. Stem-leaves entire; branch-leaves narrower, faintly den- ticulate at acumen and near base, the uppermost often shorter and serrate above. Perichetial leaves variable, gradually or abruptly narrowed. Capsule more or lees oblique often arcuate; teeth yellow; endostome variable often not wellevolute; pedicel rough. Often pseudo-monoecious. Tufts us. yellowish or green- yellow. Branches gen. straight. Dioecious. — On rocks and earth or on base of trees. Eur. not r. Sweden, Switzerl.! Amer. Pacif. distr. r. Can.; Macoun. U. S.: Koell, com. Cardot. * C.ieneua Mitten. — Hypnum Mitt.; Camptothecium Kindb.; Homalothecium subsericeum C. M. Leaves gen. shorter acuminate short-subulate, us. golden glossy; those of branches more distinctly denticulate. Ca|)sule shorter-pedicellate; teeth dark yellow; endostome more evolute; cilia sometimes appendiculate. Branches often curved. Amer. Pacif. distr. r. Can.: Macoun. U. S. Henderson, com. Cardot. B.C.lievadense Lesquereux. — Hypnum Lq.; Camptothecium Kindb. Differs from C. Mesrens: Leaves gradually short-acuminate, geu. larger; costa longer, vanishing in acumen. Peristomial ..; ¥si I: if .'-!-' \l I « )M i ■ i — 88 — teeth orange. — RoelcB r. Amer. Pacif. diHtr. Can. Brit. Col.; Macoun. 4.C.OXycladoil Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; C. M. syn.; Camp- totheoium Kindb. ..u ... ■ .lu., .• . Leaves long-acuminate Buhnlate filiform-pointed short decurrent, entire or at acumen faintly sinnolate; alar cells hyaline; costa reaching to acumen or shorter. Branches compressed not cur- ved. Tufts green silky glossy. » Capsule oval symmetric incli- ned; lid obtuse; pedicel smooth. Monoecious »: C. M. syn. — Amer. r. Can : Maconn. 5.C.Philippei Spruce. — Isothecium Spr.; Camptothecium Kindb.; liomalothecium Br. eur. Leaves narrow-triangular long-acuminate, more or less decur- rent and auricled. Stem-leaves entire; costa long-excurrent. Branch-leaves faintly denticulate above, often also near base; costa vanishing in acumen. Perichetial leaves us. abruptly narrowed to a long subtiliform point. Capsule subcylindric- oblong straight symmetric; teeth yellow; endostome not well- evohitc; pedicel smooth or in lower i)art faintly rough. Tufts us. green and silky glossy, gen. very donse. Branches straight or slightly curved. Dioecious. — Calcareous rocks gen. r. Eur. Hwitzerl.! Austria; Venturi. France: Schimper; Husnot. Germany: com. Warnstorf. b. Leaves plicate long-decurrent; alar (;ellg very large, hyaline or reddish. G.C.lamprochryseiim C. M. et Kindb. — Brachythecium liat. Can. m. Leaves gradually narrowed to a short nrttcowly subulate or filiform often curve! ])oint, strongly plicate. Stem-leaves gen. entire; costa vanishing near middle. Branch-leaves faintly den- ticulate all around; acumen longer, costa often reaching to it. Capsule subovoid or arcuate; teeth yellowish or in lower part brown; endostome well-evolutc; cilia not ap])endiculate; lid not seen; pedicel very rough, often long. Tufts uh. golden yellou whining. Stem subpinnate; branclies straight. Monoecious. Resembles somewhat C\ lutescens and Brachyiherium rivulare. — Mountain torrents and marshes r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: J. and J M. Macoun. c. Leaves faintly striate decurrent; lower basal cells nearly uniform not large, alar not well detlned. Stem us. creeping. T.C.acuniiiiaium Hedwig. — Leskea H.; Camptothecium Kindb.; Homalotheeium Ren. etCard.; »Hypnum Beauvois»; SuUiv. ic. m. le (ir Igen. Iden- it. [part not (low J. irly ling. lib.; m. — H\) — .\cavos cnnvdc'd with Kul)ulato gen. not long aonmon, entire and recurved below, above middle ns. faintly deisticulate; middle and upper oelln linear; costa often reaching in acumen. Stem- leaves Hubovate-oblong less distinctly triangular; branch-leaves Kubtriangular ovate-lanceolate. Pcrichctial leaves long-triangular liliform-pointcd. Capsule us. cylindri( straight; cilia rudimen- tary; s('giue!itH not wcU-evolute; annulus none; lid long-conic acute; pedicel liot long. Tufts compact us. green silky glossy. Stem cree|)ing; branches subjulaceous often sciuroid-curved. Dioecious but often fruiting. — Troos and rocks, sometimes in water. Arner. !U)t r. Tan.: Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller. * C.stenocarpuiil (Ren. et Card., as var.) Kindb. (in Hedwigia 189(5). Capsule narrower; lid from convex base abrujitly rostellatc. Leaves distinctlv denticulate nearlv all around. — Amer, r. IJ. S. Wisconsin: Roell. S.C.spiii'io-ueuinliiatum C. M. el Kindb. — Brachythecium cat. C«n. m. Differs from C. acuminatum: Capsule curved; endostome well- evolute; cilia long. Leaves distinf^tly denticulate all around. IVrichetial leaves subulate-acuminate. Tufts loose sparingly radiculoee. Monoecious. — i.iogK r. Amei'. Can.: Macoun. ' B. l^ranch-leaves obtusat(! obtuse; apical (!ells subobloiig, lower oblong-lanceolate. Stem-leaves also denticulate. D.C.alsioides Kindb. in Pittonia 1892. Leaves indistinctly decurrent; costa reaching to acumen or in bnnu'li-leaveH HJiorter. Hinni-loaves broadly ovate-lanceolate, atfeniialo to a short a(;ute or subidate aoiunen, faintly denti- culate above middle, more (listiiutly serrulate at acuineni alar cells (juadrate numerous, tile others Bil)i|ljieav. jil'iitit5JI-leijVi!.H narrower, more sharply serrate above. Perjchetiid le)|vos aorunljy narrowed to a long subuliforin dcnlh'UhlJi! often deflexed licll- uien. ('MpsuUi suncylindric curved; lei'tli oinngc; scgmtiits yellow, lacunosc in niiudlc; cilia not appendiculate; litothecium Br. eur. Leaves gen. subovate-obiong entire, slightly recurved; cells linear exc. the alar. Branch-leaves sometimes faintly sinuolate at acumen. Perichetial leaves entire gen. short-acuminate. Capsule nearly straight; lid apiculate. Stem sometimes with paraphyllia. Tufts golden glossy. — Stones r. Kur. Mediterran distr. Greece: Orphanides, com. Heldreich. France: Philibert. 14.■( -^ ^' ''■ '■ ■*: ." II. Stokesiella. Lid of capsule rostrate. Leaves us. distant and decurrent. Mostly dioecious. 1. Praelonga. Leaves not appressed. Stem us, pinnate. 2. Velutinoidea. Leaves appressed when dry. Stem not pinnate, III. Illecf'brina. Lid of capsnl'^ not rostrate. Leaves large crowded not decnrrent, appressed when dry. Stem irregularly divided. Mostly dioecious. IV. Starkeelln. Lid of capsule not rostrate. Leaves decurrent gen. nearly crowded, us. small and not distinctly -oppressed when dry. Stem gen. sub|)innate. Mostly monoecious. ' bb. Alar leaf-cells not distinct, V. Itbynchostegiella, Lid of capsule us. rostrate. Leaves more or less distant, not distinctly decurrent and not appressed, very small. Stem not pinnate. Monoecious, ' b. Pedicel of capsule smooth or (sometimes in E. rollinum) indistinctly rough. Alar leaf-ceils gen. distinct. VI. Leiopodium. Mostly monoecious, 1. Miiraliformia. Lid of capsule rostrate. Leaves gen, large. Stem us. irregularly divided. Monoecious. 2. Striffosiformia. Lid rostrate. Leaves us. small, those of branches often obtuse. Stem mostly ])innate. Us. dioecious, o. Colliniforinia. Lid not rostrate. Leaves us. small. Stem us. not piimate. Mostly monoecious. I. Scabridaria Kindb. A. Leaves serrate all annmd, those of branches small narrow gradually .icuminate. Stem thin not rigid. l.Fi.graiiiinicoInr Brid(4. — Hypnum Brid,; Eurhynchium Ivenauld et Cardot; Hypnum SuUivantii Spruce; SuU. ic. m. Leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate with subulate gen. shortish point, not striate, slightly recurved, patent or s])reading when dry; cells sublinear or lanceolate cxc. the filar; coHta vanisliing near acumen. Perichetial leaves filiform-pointed. Capsule snboval; lid long-conic apicuiate or rostellate; pedicel not long. Tufts intricate green not glossy. Stem irregularly divided; l)ranchcs short distant. Habit of E. pndonpun'. Dioe- cious r. fruiting. — On earth r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser. U. S.: Roell. 2.E.8ilbso,abrH]iiiii Kindb. note on Canad. bryol, 1898. Differs from the last: Stems subjulaceous; branches attenuate longish nearly crowded. Leaves shorter, more concave and longer decurrent; alar cells more numerous. Stem-leaves ovate ■:'.m- % ii:n 1 . : ' I - 94 — filiform-pointed; branch-leaves ovate-oblong long-acuminate. Tufts pale green. Sometimes pseudo-monoecious. Capsules unknown. — Limestone r'^cks r. Amer. Can.: Macoun, Waghorne. B. Leaves serrate all around broad and somewhat large sub- obtusate or abruptly short-acuminate. Stem thick rigid. 3.£.scabridlini liindberg in litt. — Bryhnia Ivaurin. Leaves short acute faintly striate strongly mamillose, long- decurrent recurved near base; alar cells somewhat numerous, the others sublinear-lanceolate; costa vanishing near middle or shorter. Stem-leaves ovate; branch-leaves ovate-oblong. Cap- sule suboval; lid long-conic. Tufts dark green. Stem decum- bent gen. irregularly divided; branches short obtuse distant straight often subjulaceous. Dioecious. — Earth r. Eur. Norway: N. Bryhn; E. Nyman. C. Leaves serrulate at the subulate shortish point, broad and somewhat large. Stem thick rigid. 4.E.Novap AngllaP Sullivant et Ijesquereux. — Hypnum S. L.; Sull. ic. m.; Eurhynchium Kindb.; Hypnum Lq. et Jam. Leaves not striate, nearly appressed when dry and not recur- ved, from gen. broad-ovate base abruptly acuminate; alar cells subquadrate, the others lower suboval, the upper oblong-lanceo- late; costa vanishing below acumen. Capsule oblong or curved; lid long-conic sometimes rostellate; pedicel not long. Tufts somewhat loose, brownish or yellowish at least below, often pals green above. Stem ascending subpinnate; branches gen. straight and short. Dioecious. — Wet rocks r. Amvr. Can.: Moser. U. S.: Austin, com. Macoun; Sullivant et Lesq., com, Cardot. 5.E.chloropterum C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Can. m. Differs from the last: Leaves striate not appressed, often recurved to middle, less abruptly narrowed, glaucous green and longer decurrent; upper cells sublinear; costa shorter, vanishing near middle. Branches often fasciculate in upper part of stem, us. curved. Sometimes monoecious. Resembles somewhat Hypnum dscipiens or a Thuulium in habit. — Wet earth and rocks r. Amer. Can. N. Brunswick: Moser; N. Foundl. common: Waghorne. ' ; ^ n. Stokesiella Kindb. . • 1. Prailonga. .h,aiitLv.>>u; i.-.- . A. Leaves denticulate all around. a. Leaves long-acuminate; those of stem very broad at base, long-decurrent; angular cells numerous, special alar large. ! wm 95 - O.E.Stokesii Turner, — Hypnum Turn.; Eurhynchium Br. enr. Leaves serrulate striate with narrowly subulate acumen; cells gen. linear exc. the angular; costa vanishing in acumen. Leaves of the thicker stem broad-ovate often filiform-nointed; those of branches ovate or ovate-oblong; those of the complanate branchlets very small aiul narrow. Capsule strangulate suboval (»r curved; pedicel often long. Tufts us. green. Stem us. ascending, some- times with paraphyllia; branches thin often fasciculate. R. fruiting. — On earth and stones or at base of trees. Eur. princ. in southern distr. Germany, Italy! Sweden: liindbe g. Amer. common in Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Mrs L. C. Feely; Henderson, com. Cardot. * E.pseudo-speciosum Kindb. n. subsp. • Jjcavcs squarrose; cost'.i vanishing below acumen. Stem cree- ping. Capsules unknown. — Wet places r. Amer. Alaska: J. M, Macoun. Ear. Sweden: J. Persson. V.E.orciraimm Sullivant. — Hypnum Sull ; Eurhynchium Kindb. Differs from E. Stokesn: Leaves larger, minutely denticulate, less distant or nearly crowded. Capsule not distinctly constricted. Tufts looser, finally yellowish. Stem decumbent more rigid; primary branches thick often pluraiform; branchlets not com- planate. — Logs in woods r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Macoun; Dawson. U. S.: Hertzman, com. E. Nyman; Henderson, com. Cardot. b. Leaves not much broad at base, gen. not or slightly de- current, with a not long acumen; angular (alar) cells few. Stem decumbent; branches often complanate. aa. Leaves large serrulate gen. distinctly decurrent. Some- times synofccious. H.E.speciosiim Rridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Eurhynchium Milde; Hypnum Starkii C. M. syn. Leaves short-acuminate subovate or (those of branches) ovate- oblong, faintly striate, very chlorophyllose, distant; cells subli- near cxc. the alar; costa vanishing below acumen. Capsule oval-oblong; pedicel long. Stem creeping somewhat thick. Tufts green often glossy. — Humid stones and earth in woods. Eur. not r. in south, distr. Sv.itzerl., Germany! bb. Leaves not large, gen. minutely denticulate; those of l)ran('he8 not distinctly decurrent. U.E.pra»lon)uruiii L. — Hypnum H.; Eurhynchium Br. eur.; Hypnum distans Lindb.; H. hians Sull. ic. m. licaves distant gen. subovate subobtusate and not striate; cells us. oblong-lanceolate; costa vanishing below acumen. I m fm I i ■Hi'' T Enrh>nchium cells oblong- — 96" — CapBule oval-oblong; pedice! sometimes long. Stem ns. thin and eradiculoee with distant branches. Tufts greenish us. loose and not glossy. — On earth and logs, less often on rocks. Eur. common. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl., Italy! Anipv. less common. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. V. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot. Greenl.: Wenck, com. Rooll. *E.Swartzii Turner. — ilypnum Turn.; Lindb. Curnow. Leaves broad ovate short-acuminate crowded; lanceolate. Stem thicker and somewhat rigid, FjKiringly radi- culose; branches nearly crowded. Tufts dark green somewhat dense. — Shaded stones and logs in woods. Eur. not common. Sweden!; Li nd berg. * £.8chleicheri Hedw. fil. — Hypnum H. f.; Eurhynchium Lorentz. n - ' . ; Leaves ovate-lanceolate sometimes long-acuminate, us. crow- ded; cells subline,. X, costa long often short-excurront. Cnpsule and pedicel shorter. Tufts dense. — Rocks r. Eur. Sweden! Belgium: Roemer. ""E.hians Hedwig. — Hvpnum H., not SuUiv.; Eurhynchium Kindb. Leaves gen. ovate-lanceolate with longish filiform ])oint; upper cells lanceolate. Capsule smaller; pedicel short. Stem creeping. — Amer. probably not r. Can.: Macoun; Moser. U. S.: Hull, com. Macoun. lO.E.pililiiluni Wilson. — Hypnum W.; Eurhynchium Schimp. Leaves distant subdistichous very small subovate (or those of branches ovate-oblong) acute, neither striate nor decuiuent; cells suboblong or broadly lanceolate exc. the not much distinct alar; costa vanishing near middle. Capsule small oval; pedicel short. Tufts dense green. Stem creeping subcapillary. Re- sembles a small var. of E. pr(elongum. — Earth and rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.! ll.E.ticinense Kindb. bull. soc. hot. ital. 1895. — E. Teesdalei var., Kindb. revue bryol. 1892. Leaves small subdistant or nearly crowded, ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate, acute or short-acuminate, not decurrent; upp /. cells lanceolate oblong, lower nearly uniform subquadrate; costa percurrent or subpercurrent, well-distinct. Stem thin sparingly radiculose, irregularly divided. Tufts comj)act green. Capsules and flowers unknown. Resembles Eurhynchium Tees- dalei, which differs in opake still smaller and narrower leaves. \1 Li net iHcel He- :tj r. Ilulei or I'ent; ■ale; Ithin [een. ''ees- Lvos. — 97 — — Stones and Btonewalls r. Eur. Switzerl. nenr Lugano! Italy near Conio! B. Leaves (at least those of stern) entire below, distant, somewhat large. Stem dceumbent; branches gen. not eomphmate. a. Leaves decurrent. ;•?/..: f.'/wir - r2.E.psoilrto-vellltilloi(l(\S Kindb. revne bryol. 1895. Leaves subulatcaeuininate fiiiforni-pointed not or slightly striate, faintly reflexed near base; cells sublinear; costa siiort. Stem-leaves entire subovate or ovate-oblong; costa scarcely reaching to middle. Branch-lenves ovate-lanceohite denticulate all around; costa reaching somewhat above middle. Perichetial leaves with very long filiform })oint. Capsules not seen; i)ediccl rough. Tufts loose green. Stem not creeping. — On earth r. Amer. Can, Vane, isl.: Macoun 1893. =' o. iii!: ; b. Leaves not decurrent. 'i^ 13.E.scleropus Br. eur,; Husnot muscol. gall. Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong wit^ short subulate point, serrate above, not recurved; upper ana middle cells ovaloblong, the lower suboblong except the alar; costa vanishing above middle far below ape::. Perichetial leaves with long filiform point. Capsule oval-oblong; pedicel not long. » Tufts yellowish or olive-green, nearly eradiculose. liesembles E. veluHnoides but diiTers from it in larger more distant not distinctly striate leaves, their cells wider. » Husnot 1. c. — Rocks r. Ettr. »(ier- many: Muehlenbeck»: Schimper. 14.E.leiltinil Mitten. — llypnum Mitt.; Eurhynchium Kindb. Leaves less large, pellucid not striate, nearly crowded. Stem- leaves entire subovate abruptly ta})ering to a somewhat long naiTowly S'ibulate point; cells linear exc. the small dusky at the insertion, the alar not distinct; costa vanishing near middle. Branch-leaves ovate-oblong recurved and entire to above middle, denticulate in upper part; upper cells oblong-lanceolate, the lower linear exc. the lowest basal; costa thicker below, vani- shing above middle. Cai)sule (tblong-oylindric subarcuate; lid not seen; pedicel short. Tufts yeUowish green eradiculose. Branches somewhat compressed. — Logs in wciods r. Amer. Can. Vane, isl.: Macoun Canad. musci n. 292, detenniued by Prof. C. Mueller. ^ .',,•!, ;-.ii ;u ;ru:.,' ';u-ji 2. Velutinoidea. ivvt; 4 ti'.rr.:! .;, A. Leaves minutelv denticulate all around. •SH.f>i' [»i,ii_':ii lo.E.Daw'SOiii Kindb bull. Torr. dub XVU. ' Leaves decurrent nearly crowded, lai'ge. Stem-leaves from I' 1 \i ..t' r T H % m I^'l 1 ^^' 5e — 98 — Rubovate V)ape eomewhat long-nouminate, recurved below; upper oellfi lanceolate, tbe lower and the nnnierouB angular rhonriboi- dal-oblong, ppecial alar not woll-definod; coRta vanishing in acumen or 8ul)j)ercnrrent. Branch-leaves ovate-oblong nhort- acuminate, (/a[)HuIt'8 unknown. Tufts dense dirty green nearly eradiculose. — Tjogs and rocks r. Amer. Can. Pacif. distr.: Maconn. B. Leaves nearly entire below middle. IG.K.Telutiiioides Bruch. — Hypnum Brucb; Eurhynchium Br. eur.; »Hypnum filiforme Lamarck »: C. M. syn. Leaves with short subulate or filiform twisted point, recurved below middle, distant decurrent, somewhat large; cells lanceo- late oxc. the subquadrate near base, alar not well-defined; costa reaching to or in acumen. Stem-leaves ovate-oblong often entire; branch-leaves ovate-lanceolate more or less striate. Capsule oblong; pedicel short ^ery rougb. Tufts yellowish or green, silky glossy. Habit of Brachyfhecium populeiim and B. crassi- nervium. — Trees and rocks r, Eur. Switzerl.! Austria: Breidler. France: Anthouard, com. Berthoumieu. IT.E.Villardi Renau!d et Cardot. — Brachythecium R. et C; Eurhynchium Kindb. - . Differs frop, the last: Leaves less distant; cells linear-lanceo- late except the few quadrate alar; costa not reaching to acumen. Capsules unknown; »pedicel rough; monoecious*: K. et C. — Amer. r. U. S. Pacif. disti-. Roell; also com. Cardot. IIL Illecebrina C, jNIueller (Seleropodium Schimper). A. Leaves round-obtuse at apex (r. subapiculate), entire or at apex obsoietcly crenulate. Stem eradiculose; branches often long. V^ery r. fruiting. IS.E.obtllsifolhliii Drummond. — Hypnum Dr.; Eurhvnchium Kindb. Leaves suboval, the lower broader; apical cells oblong, alar hyaline somewhat large, the others i.arrow-linear; costa thick vanishing near apex. Tufts glossy green or finally brown. Habit of E. rusciforme. Dioecious. »Capsule oblong borizon- tal»: Lesq. et Jam. — Stones in brooks. Amer. Pacif. distr. not r. Can.; Macoun. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. B. Leaves not arrounded at apex, more or less denticulate. Stem more or less radiculose; branches sbort. a. Branch-leaves minutely denticulate. Dioecious. 19.E.illecebriini Beauvois. — Hypnum »Beauv.»: Lindb.; »Schwa3grichen»: Schimp.; Eurhynchium Milde; Hypnum (Sele- ropodium) Ornellanum Molendo, Limpricht ? II 99 — Lower stem -leaves entire ovate abruptly short-acuminate. Upper stem-leaves subdenticulate narrowly ovate-oblong, gradually Bubulate-acnminate; branch- leaves shorter, ovate-oblong acute or subobtuse, sometimes with filiform point; upper cells rhombic- oblong, middle and lower lanceolatc-Mncar, the not large angular hyaline subquadrate; costa stout but not long, vanishing near or above mi^ldle, sometimes forking. Perichetial leaves long- acuminate nearly entire. Capsule horizontal turgid oval-oblong c faintly curved; lid apiculate or rostellate. Tufts green or golden glossy. Branches obtuse. — On rocks or stonewalls or on earth in grassy places r. Eur. Italy: Arcangeli. Greece: Heldreich. France: Husnot; I^e Jolis. (rermany: Roell, Engl.: Curnow. Amer. »U. S.»: Lesq. et Jam. t. / 20.E.caPspito8Uin Wilson. — Hypnum Wils.; Eurhvnchium Milde. Differs from the last: Stem-leaves entire, from subovate base tapering to a short subulate point. Branch-leaves subovate short-acuminate acute; costa thinner. Capsule suboblong nearly straight suberect; lid short-apiculate. Tafts green or dirty green. Branches attenuate. — Sandstone, willow-trees and humid earth r. Eur. Engl.: Wilson, com. Schimper. France: com. Husnot. Amer. Can.: Macoun. 'il.E.subcsespitosum Kindb, revue bryol. 1895. t. Differs from the both last: Leaves narrower, less crowded and not densely appressed; those of stem ovate-oblong often filiform-pointed; cells gen. linear exc. the dilated hyaline alar and lowest basal. Branch-leaves denticulate only in upper V4. Tufts yellowish green fainth' glossy. Capsules unknown. — Wet rocks r. Amer. Can. Vane, isl.: Macoun LS98. b. Branch-leaves sharply serrate near apex. Monoecious. 22.E.Wacouiiii Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. Stem-leaves ovate-oblong Iong-acun)inate often filiform-pointed, denticulate at least at acumen. Branch-leaves subovate-lanceo- late obtusate denticulate below; up|>er cells rhombic, alar hya- line subquadrate, the others sublincar-lanceolate; costa stout vanishing above middle. Perichetial leaves long-acuminate fili- form-pointed denticulate above. Capsule narrow-cylindric sub- erect nearly straight; lid rostellate. Tufts golden glossy or green. Stem subpinnate; branches acute. — Logs and willow-trees r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can.: Roell; INIacoun Canad. musci 290 in part. IV. Starkeella Kindb. A. Leaves more or less striate or plicate. Monoecious. iiy i# m m '■■■ ii;'"it — 100 — * ; ', ii a. Branch-lenvefl perrnte. PoHico] rough. Leaves not plicate. 28.K.oe<1ipodiuni Mitten. — Hvpniim Mitt.; Eurhynchium Kiiulb.; Hy[)nuin cuituni Lirifib.; Mnichytlieoium Starkii Schimp. syn. in pMit; R. pscndcrStnrkii Ren. et Card. Leaves large gradually acuminate with nuhlinear or filiform otten twi.^ted point, long dccurrent, more or Ics.s distant; alar cells large liyaliiu! sulxjuadrate not numerous; other cells lan- ceolate; oosta not reaching to acumen, often very short. Stem- leaves subovate d(>nticnlate all around; branch-leaves from broadly ovate-oblong base tapering to a somewhat long acumen. Capsule large oval-oblong or arcuate; cilia appendiculate; lid rostellate or mamillate; pedicel long. Tufts loose green faintly glossy. — On earth in woods, probably not uncommon. Eur. Sweden!; S. 0. Lindberg. Amer. Can.: Maconn; Moser; Waghorne. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. 24.E.trncli.V[)0(liiim Funck. — Ilypnum Funck; Eurhynchium Kindb.; Brachythccium Br. eur. Leaves not large, not or shortly decnrrent, distant or crowded; alar cells small gen. not much distinct; other cells gen. subli- near; costa vanishing near middle or shorter. Stem-leaves gen. ovate-oblong sometimes with long straight filiform point; branch- leaves narrower, gradually subulate. Perichetial leaves fimbriate. Cai)sule not large, oval-oblong not or slightly curved; cilia not appendiculate; pedicel short. Tufts dense or loose, often golden glossy. Stem creeping subpinnate. Resembles Brachytherium velutinum. — Caverns and crevices of alp. rocks r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. (Jreenl.: Berggren. ■''K.PaVOti Schimf)er. — Brachvthecium Sch.; Eurhvnchium Kindb. Leaves crowded; those of stem often abruptly narrowed to a curved filiform point. Capsules unknown. — In alps r. Eur. Mont Blanc: Payot, com. Husnot. h. Branch-leaves minutely denti(!ulate or nearly entire. Pe- dicel sometimes faintly rough or smooth. Leaves plicate nearly crowded. . ' : :' , 2r).K.|?l5iciale Br. eur. — Brachytheeium B. e.; Eurhynchium Kbg. Leaves subovate with short subulate or filiform point, nearly appressed when dry; upper cells either linear-lanceolate or oblong- oval, lower basal suboval except the numerous subquadrate (green or hyaline) alar. Stem-leaves broad-ovate, sometimes long-decurrent and nearly entire; costa gen. vanishing in middle. Branch-leaves ovate denticulate all around; costa reaching to acumen. ^.'•'A Pe- larlv - 101 — Pericliciial leavoH erect. CapHiile mnall subovnl not curved; cilia not a[»|)(;iuliculate; pedicel j^cn. nhort, us. faintly rou^^li. Tuftrt dense green often not glossy. Stem subpinnate more or less radii'uloge. Leaves variable in si/e, sometimes nearly ns smalls as in E. reflexum. — Earth near rivulets in higher alp. region r. Knr. Norway, Switzcrl.l Auicr. (ireenl.: Htsrggron. 2(J.E.Ro(^llii Uenaulil et Cardot. — Brachythecinm K. et C; Eurhynchium Kindb. Leaves subovate or ovate-oblong witli somewhat short acumen, denticulate all around, less appressed; cells lanceolate exc. the few (piadrate dusky alar; costa gen. not reaching to acumen. Ca})sules unknown. Stem cradiculose irregularly divided. 'I'ufts dirty green. Amer. r. Can. \'anc, isl.: Uoell, com. Cardot. 27.K.labraduricuiii Kindb. n. sp.; »E. subglaciale» in litt. ad Macoun. Differs from J'J. (flaciale: Leaves largcn* somewhat glossv, not appressed when dry; cells sublinear except the huge not nume- rous alar; eosta vanishing near middle. Stem-leaves gen. entire; branch-leaves long-zicuminate minutely denticulate above. Pe- richetial leaves patent. Capsule curved; pedicel (juite smootli, o — 4 c. m. long; lid acute; peristome not seen. — • Atiier. r. Can. Northern Labrador: Macoun 18y(). B. Leaves not striate. Capsule us. small; pedicel rough. a. Branch-leaves serrate. Monoecious. Stem us. creeping. 28. E. reflexum Starke. — Hypnum St.; Eurhynchium Kindb.; Brachythecinm Br. eur. Leaves small and short with subfiliform or subulate gen. not long point; cells wide (as in Amblystegiam): upper suboblong, the very numerous basal and angular larger, suboval or rotun- date; sjiccial alar cells green few not well-defined; costa per- current. Stem-leaves broadly round-ovnto nearly entire, abruptly narrowed to the point. Branch-leaves ovate-oblong subulate- acuminate serrate all around. Cai)sule us. small suboval or arcuate; cilia appendiodate: lid apiculate; pedicel faintly rough, often not long. Tufts us. (Uuise green. Stem rigid piminte or bipinnate. — On rocks, earth and base of trees. Eur. not r. Sweden and Norway common! Antef. Can.-. Macoun; Waghorne. 2y.E.l)aciftcuill Kindb. n. sp. — Brachythecium reflexum var. pacificum Renauld et Cardot. Differs from the last: Leaves larger and narrower with gen. long filiform point; cells oblong-lanceolate exc. the well-defined alar; costa abbreviate. Stem irregularly divided and not t f|¥ !5 MM — 102 — ^'r ■■';i rigid. (liipmileH not seon. — Amer. r. U. .S. Pjicif. diHtr.: Koell. 30.K.8tRrkei Hridel. — Hypnnm Brid.; Lindb.; Eurhynehium Kindl).; Hrachytheoiuin Hr. cur. in part. DilTerH from the reHenililiiig E. rejtexum: LeavoH .i littlo largor, (liKtinctly denticulate all around, with Hhort often Iwinted point; upper cells Hublinoar, lowest oblong-oval not nurnerouH, alar (juadrate hyaline well-delined; costa not percurrent, often vani- Hhing below acumen. Tufts more dense. Stem irregularly divided or Bubpinnate. — liocks r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.l Amer. Can. Macoun; Waghorne. ' b. Leaves minutely denticulate. Dioecious. Stem sparingl}' radiculose. 31.E.Uoliim(leri Lesquereux. --- Hypnum Lesq.; Eurhynehium Kindb. Leaves subdistichous very small, short-acuminate acute; cells gen. linear exc. the few quadrate alar. Stem-leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, sometimes filiform-pointed; costa vanishing near middle. Branch- leaves broadly ovate-lanceo'-ite; costa vanishing above middle. Capsule suboval very small; lid subobtuse; pe- dicel short. Tufts brownish dense, Stem thin not rigid, irre- gularly divided. — Wet places in woods r. Amer. U. S. Pacif. distr.: Boloender, com. Kenauld. V. Khynchostegiella Bruch et Schimper. A. Pedicel of capsule smooth. Leaves not opake and not much distant; costa. well-detined. Tufts silky glossy. Us. fruiting. B'i.E.algirianuni Bridel. — Pterogynandrum Brid. 1798; Eu- rhynehium Kindb.; Hypnum tenelluin Dickson 1801. Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate gradually long-acuminate with filiform })oint, nearly entire; cells linear; costa reaching into acumen or shorter. Capsule oval; lid rostrate. — Crevices of gen. calcareous rocks and stone-walls. Eur. not r. in southern dislr. Italy, Switzerl., Sweden! J{. Pedicel rough. Leaves opake distant; costa gen. faint or not well-defined. Tufts not glossy. R. fruiting. 33.K.Tees(lalei Smith. — Hypnum Sm.; Eurhynehium Schimp. Leaves gen. broadly oblong-lanceolate and obtusate, denticulate nearly all around; cells lanceolate; costa gen. subpercurrent. Capsule oval-oblong; lid rostellate or apiculate. — Rocks near water r. Eur. Engl.: Holt; Rogers. Italy: Arcangeli. * E.Jacquini Garovaglio. — Hypnum Gar.; Eurhynehium Kindb.; Rhynchostegiella Limprlcht. — [{)',\ — i Eu- ht or limp. luliite rrent. near Ub.; liCnvoB Ren. narrower juul aoute or Hhort-ncuminato. — Eur. r. AuHtriii: Venturi. Sweden: E. Wetterhall. m.K.curvisetiriii liridel. — Uypnuni Hii»l.; Kurliynchiuin HuHnot. Leaves oblong-lanceolate nw. whort acuminate acute, nearly entire below micldle; cellf lanceolate; conta nliortish. Capsule ()vaI-ol)long; lid rostrate. -- Rocks r. Eur. Italy: Arcanji;eli. Ainer. W S.: James. '*' E.litoreuili Notaris. — Ilypnum Not.; Eurhynchium Kindb., Rbynchostegiolla Limpricbt. Leaves long-acuminato narrower. Lid of capsule rostellate. — Wet rocks r. Eur. SwitzerlJ France: Husnot. Ciermany: Scbimper. VI. Leiopodium Kindb, 1. Muraliiormia. . • >• A. Leaves suboval-ovate obsoletely denticulate or enti'T-; cells gen. laiieeolate-oblong. 85.l<].murale Necker. — Hypnum Neck.; Eurhyncbium Milde; Rbyncbostegium Br. eur. Leaves obtusate (obtuse or sbort apiculnte), nearly crowded; not decurrent; alar cells suboval; costa thin gen. not long, Homotimes obsolete. Capsule oblong; j)eJi(X'l short. Tufts green. Stem creej)ing: branches sometimes julaceous. — Stone-walls and rocks. E: •. Switzerl.! Sweden r.: S. Hardin; Berggren. Engl.: Cash. France: Husnot. B. Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong denticulate; cells gen. linear. a. Leaves not decurrent. Pedicel short. o(3.E.rus('iformo Weis. — Hypnum Weis; Eurhynchium Milde; Rbyncbostegium Schimp. Leaves us. obtusate (acute or r. obtuse) and large, r. distant; lowest basal cells oblong-oval few not much distinct; costa thick long often subpercurrent. Capsule oval oblong. Tufts us. olive- green. Stem often rigid, r. creej)ing. Plants us. robust, often sterile. — Wet rocks and logs nearly common. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. Can.: Ma<'oun; Waghorne. ST.E.COnfertum Dickson. — Hypnum Dicks.; Eurhyncbium Milde; Rhyncho.'^tegium Br. eur. Leaves acute or short-acuminate, nearly crowded; lowest basal cells ovaloblong, alar not much distinct; co.sta thin vanishing near middle, sometimes obsolete. Capsule suboblong or arcuate. Tufts green. Stem creeping not rigid. Plants not robust. — On stones, r. at base of trees. Eur. not r. in southern distr. Switzerl.! .; -i . J .• '^ i^lH: ^'■Uif1l!l*f1 — 104 — *E.Delognei Pire; Binilay muscin. de la France. ■ ■■ * lieaves oblong-hinceohite subdistichoup; costa longer. — Eur. r. France: Hunnot. :,«'?■,;? {ff:!?u4"'ii '-.iviiii^ mm-pri . ■:?*?> v't.fi^' b. LeavPB decuiTent and distant. Pedicel long. ;^S.E.nies:a|>olitanum Blandow. — Hypnum Bl.; lun-hynchium Milde; Uhynchostegium Br. e\ir. Leaves acnte acnminate often pellucid, alar cells large nurne- rouH subquadrate; eonta tnin vanishing near middle. Capsule arcuate suboblong or s'lbcylindric. Tufts green or pale green, sometimes glossy. Stem not (creeping. — Sandy places and stones gen. r. Eur. Switzerl.l Germany: Warnstorf. 2. Stvigosiformia. HO.E.strigosUiu Hoffmann. — Hypnum Hoffm.; Kurb.ynchium Br. eur. . ; " i 1 ' \_ . ; , t t Leaves serrulate gen. not nmch distant and not long-decur- rent; n)i(ldle cells sublinear, lowest basal short; coota not long, vani.^liing above middle. Lower stem-leaves ovate-oV^long acu- minate. Branch-leaves subovate obtusate (acute or obtuse); their apical cells often oval-oblong; costa often short. Capsule suboblong gen. faintly constricted, r. arciuato; cilia not apper- diculate. Tufts us. green and faintly glossy. Stem creeping, sometimes with paraphyllia. D'oecious or pseudo-monoecious. — On rocks and on base of trees. Eur. not connnoii. Sweden and Norway not r.l Ainer. Can. common: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S.: Roell. .. -v-- ; ■. '.'■ i \r^.r--'-v>i-. •;'-.; ■ '--i^-xi: i.i; - *E. precox Hedwig. — Hypnum H.; Eurhynchium No- taris. Brandies julaceous; their leaves gen. ol)tuse. Tufts dense. Stem not piiH.ate. — Earth and rocks r. Ear. Norway! Ainer. Can.: Macoun. * E.uiversirolmin Bryol eur. ' Branches us. julaceous; their leaves gen. obtuse with sub- oblong iimer cells. Tufts less dense. Stem sometimes pinnate. — On earth r. Eur. Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun. j:, ..:j,i,tj/ 40.E.Sul)stni|.?osuiu Kindb. cat. Canad. m. Differs from E. sirigosunr. Leaves larger and subdistichous, more distant and long-decurrent, glossy yellowish. Capsule strangulate larger; cilia appendiculate. Branches more distant. Monoecious. — Rocks r. Anier. Pacif. distr. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell. No- MISC. luer. late. luus, Isule tant. Jol. — io:> - 41.K.>icutifo1ium Kindb. rev, })rvol. 1895; in Hodwigia 1897. Differs from E. strigosum: Leaves long-distant long-def^urrent with long subulate acume'i, spreading also when dry; branches more distant; pedicel of capsule longer; monoecious. — Wet logs r. Amer. Pacif. distr. Can. Vane, isl.: Macoun 1893. U. S. Washington: Fenzler, com. Roell. n x?vi^ si -, ..s ' 3. CoUiniformia. • n.i A. Leaves entire somewhat 1 irge. Monoecious. 42.E.Krausei C. Mueller. — Hypnum C. M.; Eurhvnchium Kindb. » Leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate short-a(uminate; (-ells sublinear exc. the small numerous pelhuid ahu-; costa often forking. Capsule CAilindric arcuate; lid conic mamillate; pedicel short. Tufts pale green. Stem irregularly divided; branches juJaceoup. — Amer. r. Alaska: Krause»: C. M. in Flora 1887. B. Leaves small serrulate not decurrent. Capsule erect nearly symmetric. Synoccious. 43.E.litahense James. — Brachytheoium Jam ; SuU. i(;on. muse; Eurhynchium Kindb. Leaves broadly ovate-lanceoiate gradually acuminate, serrulate or at the subulate acumen serrate; cells sublinear exc. the quadrate well-defined alar; oosla reaching to middle. Periche- tial leaves serrate above. Capsule suboval; cilia very short; annulus narrow; lid obtuse; pedicel short. Tufts pale fuscescent. Stem creeping; branches not distinctly julaceous. Habit E. collinum. — Sandstone rocks in alp. region r. Amer. Utah»: SuUivant. C. Leaves smau gen. serrulate all around. Capsule oblique Monoecious. .-■•■' '• .' ,■ .ijliUfUnu'r 44.]i].COlliliuni Schleicher. — Hypnum Schl.; Eurhynchium Kindb ; Brachythecium Br. our. Leaves decurrent, faintly striate. Stem-leaves from broad- ovate hn^'j suddenly tapering to a subiiliform often twisted point; upper cells linear hysdine, lower oblong, angular oval-quadrate, special alar not well-detined; costa vanishing neai middle or shorter. Branch-leaves ovate less abruptly narrowed and stronger dentate; costa often readiing above middle. Capsule thick suboval often horizontal; lid subobtuse; pedicel short sometimes slightly and distantly rough. Tufts green faintly glossy, us. compact. Stem creeping; branches short subjulaceous. Habit of E. strigosum '■'prcecox. — Rocks and their crevi(!e8 in alps r. Eur. Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U S.: Roell, com. Cardot. - 106 * E.tromsoense Kaurin. — Brachvthecium Kaur.; Eurhynchium Kindb. Jjeaves more minutely denticulate, those of stem nearly entire. Pedicel smooth. — Rocks r. Eur. Sweden below alpine regions: Arnell. * E.idahense Uenauld et Cardot. — Brachythecium R. C; Eurhynchium Kindb. » Leaves larger, subsecund; costa reaching to '^U. Pedicel smooth sometimes 17 m. m. long. — Amer. r, U. S.»: Ren. et Card. 45.E.Bryhnii Kindb. botan. notiser 1896. — Brachythecium coUinum vai. Bryhnii Kaurin. » ^ :i, Tufts less compact. Leaves narrowly ovate-oblong gradually acuminate; inner basal cells sublinear; costa longer. Capsule oblong much longer pedicellate. — Caverns of /ockn in higher alp. region r. Eur. Norway in Knudshoe near Kongsvold 1500 metr. a. s.!; N. Bryhn and P. Olsson. 46.E.pseudo-COllinuill Kindb. — Brachythecium Kindb. cat. Can ad. m. Differs from E. collinum: Branches not being julaceous. fjcaves somewhat larger and longer, ovate lanceolate gradually tapering to a short twisted point, not densely crowded; cells chloro- phyllose, alar larger; costa reaching above middle. — Amer. Can. N. Brunsw. below alp. district: Moser; Labrador: Waghorne. 58. Brachythecium Bryol. eur. A. Leaves gen. large and (j\l^o when moist) plicate, us. (except B. mamilUgerum) recuived at borders. Lid of capsule not rostrate; pedicel smooth. I. Salcbrosaria. Leaves large (exc. B. Icevisetum and some- times B. albicans), often filiform-pointed, gen. (exc. B. digastrmn and sometimes B. albicans) long. Stem often radinulose. ^Dioe- cioUB or monoecious, r. synoeeious. 1. Eplicata. Leaves not plicate. 2. Flicata. Leaves plicate. B. Leaves large not plicate, faintly or not recurved. Lid of capsule (exc. B. Ryani and sometimes B. Vaucheri) us. ro- st ate; pedicel (exc. B. fagineum) rough. I . Eurhynchiopsis. Leaves gen. broad and not long; upper 1 lanch-leaves us. abruptl}' narrowed to a long filiform point. Stem sparingly radiculose; branches often julaceous. Dioecious r. fruiting. t ; C. Leaves large (exc. sometimes B. populeum) and (exc. B. — 107 - •at. Lid i-o- ipper )oint. IciouB ic. B. spnriorufabulum and sometimes B. rivulare) not plicate when moist, often recurved. Lid of capsule (exc. sometimes B. vallium and B. asperrimum) not rostrate; pedicel rough. Leaves not abruptly narrowed to th^ less often filiform point. a. Leaves gen. short and broad, r. recurved, sometimes plicate. IIL Riitabiilaria. Pedicel of capsule distinctly and wholly rough. Mostly dioecious. - , b. Leaves not plicate, often recu'ved, gen. long. IV. I'luiiiosaria. Pedicel of (japsale very faintly rough or sometimes nearly smooth. Monoecious. V. Pseudo-Flu niosaria. Pv^dicel of capsule very rough; lid sometimes rostrate. Monoecious or dioecious, Dt Leaves not large and gen. not broad, r. plicate and less often recurved. Lid of capsule not rostrate; pedicel us. rough. VI. Yclutinaria. Stem us. creeping. • ; I. Salebrosaria Kindb. ,' 1 . Eplicata. I.B.Mildei S'^himper. — Hypnum acutum Mitten; Brachythe- cium Sull. io. m. Leaves nearly entire (or faintly sinuolate) narrowly ovate- oblong or ovate-lanceolate with long subulate acumen, not re- curved below, subdecurrent somewhat distant; alar cells some- what large hyaline not few, the others sublinear; costa longish but not reaching to acumen. Capsule arcuate; teeth brown- yellow; cilia appcndiculate; annulus none; lid conic apiculate; pedicel often long. Tufts green or yellowish faintly glossy and sparingly radiculose. Branches slightly compressed often sub- pinnate. Monoecious or synoecious us. fruiting. — Peat-bogs, logs and stones not common. Eur. Sweden! Germany: Milde. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: com. Macoun; Roell. 2.B.iiseud-albicans Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVII. Leaves short- acuminate faintly denticulate all around, Kome- what distant, patent when dry; lowest basal colls finally brown, alar large on a triangular space, the othors linear-lanceolate; costa short vanishing below or near middle. Stem-leaves ovate; branch-leaves ovate-oblong. Tufts yellowish sparingly radiculose. Branches compressed. Capsules unknown. Dioecious. ~ Wet logs or sand-dunes near Pacific sea r. Amer. Can. Vane, isl.: Macoun Canad. m. n. 285. 2. Plicata. A. Leaves us. entire, more or less appressed when dr}-. Lid of capsule acute; cilia not appeudiculute. m ' iC I M » 1^ n m Mm I ' — 108 entire and glossy. Annulus of capsule Hypnum Neck.; Brachytheciuni Br. a* Leaves gen. narrow. Dioecious. 3.B.albicans Necker. — eur. Leaves (at least on branches) with long subulate acumen, sometimes small; alar cells well-deHned on a narrow-rectangular space, the others linear-lanceolate; costa often reaching to acu- men. Stem-leaves us. subovate or with ovate base; branch- leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate. Capsule small suboval or faintly curved; pedicel not lung. Tufts us. pale or whitish green. — Mostly on dry sand. Eur. not uncommon. Sweden!; M. Huss, fruiting. Amer. r. Can,: Macoun. Alaska: Palmer. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. 4.B.glareo8Uin Bruoh; Br. eur. — B. tauriscorum Molendo. Leaves large with subulate acumen and long filiform often twisted point; alar cells well-defined, also the lowest basal short, the others linear-lanceolate; costa gen. vanishing near middle. Stem-leaves abruptly narrowed, broadly ovate-oblong. Branch- leaves ovate-lanceolate with long subulate faintly denticulate acumen and shorter point. Capsule large arcuate; pedicel us. short. Tufts us. pale green or yellowish. Stem eradiculose sometimes with paraphyllia. — Dry gravelly or calcareous places and stone-walls. Eur. not common. Sweden, Norway, Switzeri.l Amer. x. Can.: Macoun; Drummond n. 174. 5.B.turgi(IUili C. Hartman. Leaves large entire ovate-lanceolate with subulate not long acumen; alar cells few and small, the others sublinear; costa vanishing near middle or somewhat longer. Capsula arcuate; pedicel not long. Tufts loose eradiculose yellow-green or golden glossy. Stem robust turgid often long and simple. — ■ Swamps in alps r. Eur. Norway (fruit.)!; C. Hartman. Spetsbergen: R. Gyllencreutz. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Greenl.: Berggren. Can.: Macoun. b. Leaves faintly denticulate above and entire below, not glossy. Capsule not annulate. Monoecious. • . - G.B.digastrum C. M. et Kindb. cat. Cannd. m. -,:;.- .ti^s'. Leaves large recurved to the short subulate acumen; alar cells small green not well-defined, the others lower suboval, the upper oblong-lanceolate; costa vanishing near acumen. Stem-leaves broad ovate; branch-leaves ovate-oblong. Capsule curved; segments short; lid sometimes apiculate; pedicel not long. Tufts olivaceous or green. — Rocks r. Amer. Can.; Ma- coun; Moser. — 109 not alar loval, Imeii. )8ule not Ma- well-defined. Perichetial Brachythe- B. Leaves patent when dry; those of branches us. denticu- late all around. Monoecious or {B. luteolum) dioecious, r. syn- oecious, n. Leaves entire or (at acumen) faintly sinuolate. ■ " T.R.mamilligerum Kindb. cat. Can. m. v . ; r i Leaves large narrowly ovate-lanceolate with long subulate filiform-pointed acumen, not or indistinctly recurved below, not densely crowded, nearly spreading when moist; alar cells not well-defined, the few lowest basal short, the v)thers linear; costa vanishing in middle or longer. Perichetial leaves with long filiform point. Capsule suboval or arcuate not large; cilia not appendiculate; aiinulus none; lid mamillate; pedicel long. Tufts yellowish faintly glossy, very dense and radiculose. Stem sub- pinnate; branches faintly compressed. — Wet logs near springs r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. ■ ;, ,! =;;•' . t ' ,• < ; : SuU. 1. c. (delineated as dioecious). — Logs in shady places. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Lawpon; Wag- horne. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller; Austin, com. Macoun. llBJaevisetum Kindb. bull. Torr. club XVIL Differs from the last and B. salebrosum in smaller not subu- late-acuminate leaves and their longer costa; branch-leaves very short-acuminate with liliform often twisted point. Leaves ovate- lanceolate acute, denticulate 'ibove middle, crowded, not much patent when dry; lowest bisal cells dilated, the others subli- near; costa vanishing in acumen. Capsule small arcuate; cilia short; annulus not seen: lid convex obtuse; pedicel not long. Perichetial leaves nerveless. Tufts glossy green. Resembles B. populeum. — Logs r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. n. Eurhynchiopsis Kindb. A. Leaves, princ. the uppermost of branches, with long hairlike point. a. Leaves gen. entire, sometimes faintly denticulate near apex or also in upper basal part, often not decurrent; alar cells few; costa reaching to middle or shorter. Capsules unknown. ri.B.cirrosum Schwaegridien. — Hypiuim Schw.; Brachythe- cium Schimper; B. Funckii and Myurium herjedalicum Schiiu]). Leaves suboblong abruptly narrowed, often recurved below; upper cells linear, the lower lanceolate. Tufts often glossy or bright green. Stem r. piimato; branches obtuse us. julaceous. — Earth in alp. regions r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. »GreenL»; Pansch. b. Leaves (at least those of branches) denticulate all around, decurrent; angular (alar) cells large numerous; costa reaching to or above middle. IS.B.piliferuin Schreber. — Hypnum Schr.; Brachytiiecium Kindb.; Eurhynchium Br, cur. Ill 3'» ^le8 ong near colls own. the- nni]). elow; y x)r eons. imer. )nnd, ng to Leaves ovate- oblong abruptly narrowed; cells Rublinear exc. the alar. Stem-leaves nearly entire. Capsule oval-oblong or arcuate; lid rostrate; pedicel faintly rough. Stem pinnate; bran- ches not julaceous. Tufts green. — On earth among grass, r. on rocks. — Enr. common. SwedenI Amer. r. Can.: Moser; Waghorne. V. S.: Austin, com. Macoun. ,, ., , H.B.Ryani Kaurin. Differs from the last: Leaves nearly gradually acuminate, tho.se of branches broadly ovate-lanceolate. Lid of capsule not rostrntc. — On earth r. Eur. Norway: Ryan, com. Kaurin. lo.U.Vnilcheri Schimper. — Eurhyii'^hium 8ch ; Brachythecium Kindb.; Hypnum C. M. lioaves from broadly ovate-oblong base gradually or abruptly narrower', denticulate all around; cells lanceolate exc. the alar. Brnnch-lcnves sometimes ovate-lanceolate. Capsule subovate or oblong; lid rostellate or short-apiculate. Stem not pinnate; branches us. julaceous. — Rocks gen. r. Eur. Switzerl.I Sweden: P. Olsson (fruit.). Germany: Schimper. Amer. r. »Can.: Macoun*: Lesq. et Jam. ; IG.B.fasrineuiii (H. Mueller as var.) Kindb. in check-list. — Eurhynchium Vauchcri var. fagineum H. Muell.; »E. germanum Grebe »: Limpricht. Leaves ovate-lanceolate gen. gradually acuminate and nearly entire somewhat small, not appressed when dry; cells as in the last. » Capsule curved; lid rostrate; pedicel smooth »: Lim- pricht. — Trees r. Eur. Switzerl.I France: Husnot. B. Leaves abruptly narrowed to a short narrowly subulate often twisted point, short-decurrent. IT.B.cra.ssinerve Taylor. — Hypnum Tayl.; Brachythecium Kindl).; Kurhynchium Bv. cur. Leaves brond-ovate or ovate oblong denticulate princ. above; uppei- cells lanceolate, lower oblong-oval very numerous, alar nearly similar often green; costa us. thicker at base, reaching to "/i or shorter, sometimes forked. Perichetial leaves costate long-subulate. Capsule oval-oblong; lid rostrate; cilia not appen- diculate. Tufts us. green sometimes silky glossy. Stem irre- gularly divided; branches long often thick and julaceous. Habit of B. rufahulum or B. populeum. — Shady or humid gen. cal- careous rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl., Italy! IH.B.Colpopliyllutn SuUivant. — Eurhynchium Sull. ic. m.; Brachythecium Kindb. Differs from the last: Leaves more faintly denticulate; alar — 112 — ftnd lowest basni cells subovnl, the others sublinear or the uppermost lanceolate. Perichetial leaves nerveless with long filiform point. Capsule subcylindric. Stem subpinnate; branches whort. — Amer. r. U. S. Pacif. distr.: Roell. III. Rutabularia Kindb. ■ ' ' ' A. LeavcR not or r. (sometimes in B. rivulare) plicate, not or faintly recurved. .,.■.,.., a. Monoecious us. fruiting;. 19.B.rutabulllin Linne. — Hypnum L.; Brachythecium Br. eur. Leaves more or less decurrent; alar cells hyaline somewhat large but gen. not forming distinct auricles, the others linear- lanceolate; costa vanishing above middle. Stem-leaves ovate gradually short-acuminate, minutely denticulate all around. Branch-leaves ovate oblong longer acuminate and more distinctly denticulate princ. above. Perichetial leaves with long filiform point. Capsule ovate-oblong or cylindric arcuate; teeth brown; cilia not appendiculate; lid acute; pedicel very rough, sometimes long. Tufts sparingly radiculose. Stem irregularly divided or with pinnate not compressed branches, — Rocks and logs princ. in woods in dry stations, r. in water, Eur. common below alp. regions. Sweden, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. Can. r.: Maroun; Burgess; Waghorne. 20.B.rutabu1iforme Kindb. cat. Canad. m. Differs from the last: Leaves shorter acuminate. Pedicel of capsule about 1 c. m. long; cilia appendicuhite. Stem very rigid. — Stones in brooks r. Amer. Can, Brit. Col,: Macoun. b. Dioecious r, fruiting. 21.B.rivillare Br. eur. — B.rivularo *Novie Bruns»'iciae Kindb. in Ottawa Natural, IV. Leaves long-decurrent, broader and shorter than in B. ruta- hulum; alar cells very large and hyaline or reddish, forming distinct auricles, the others lower basal suboval more nume- rous; costa us, vanishing near or not much above middle. Stem-leaves broad-ovate with very short point and nearly entire. Branch-leaves broadly ovate-oblong. Capsule, cilia and lid as in B. rutabuluni', teeth red or (in european specimens) brown- red; pedicel not very rough and not long. Tufts nearly eradi- culose. Stem divided in pinnate sometimes nearly tree-like branches. — Wet rocks and stones gen. in running water. Er/r. common also in alps. Sweden, Norway, Germany, Swit- zerl , Italyl Germany (fruiting): Schimper. Amer. not common, ^•|:* (lb. 'uta- [ling Ime- jdle. Itire. as bwn- ladi- llike Iter. Iwit- lon, — 113 — Cnn. not r. nnd PometimeH fruiting: Mficonn; Moser; Drummond n. 178. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. * B.flaYescens Bridcl. — Hypnum Brid.; Kindb. Laubm. Si^hwed. u. Norw.; Brnohythecium Kindb. ^ .^. u„\ , ■(v^'-<• Leave8 very broad and abruptly acuminatp; cnsta often short and forked. Psoudo-nionoeciouH. — ?jur. r. SwedcMi in a grassy ditch near Linka'ping, fruiting!; near Norrkceping: I'. Olsson. "* B.lati folium Lindberg. — Hypnutn I.db.; Brachythecium Philibert. :•'■■ ' 'H . ,;■,"■<>'' Leaves smaller lens crowded, nearly entire nnd not striate, more gradually nouminat'\ Capsules not seen. — Wet plaecB in alp. regions r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Finland: Brotherus, Amer. N. Foundl.: Waghorne. ' » 22.B.p1atyc1ndiini C. M. et Kindb. oat. Can. m. Differs from B. rutahulum: Leaves distinctly auricled with well-defined alar cells. Pedicel of capsule shorter. Branches compressed. Stones in woods r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser; White. ... "; • ' . , , , .. B. Jjeaves plicate and recurved. .^ , .. <; . 28.B.caTernosiini Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. Differs from B. rntabulum: Tjeaves more concave, recurved on both sides to acumen; alar and lower basal cells small green not well-defined. Lid of capsule longer pointed or rostellate. — Amer. r. Can.: White, com. Macoun. 24.B.spiirio-riinoeciou8. — Logs r. Amer. Paoif. dietr. Can.: J. and J. M. Macoun. U. S.: Bo- luinder, com. C. Mueller. VL Velutinaria Kindberg. A. All leaves distinctly denticulate all around, not falcate when dry. Pedicel of capsule smooth. 84.B.FendlerI Sullivant. — Hypnum Sull. icon, m.; Brachy- thecium Kindb. Leaves o"ate-oblong with long subulate or filiform point, recurved near base or to acumen, crowded, sometimes decurrent, suberect; inner cells sublinear; costa reaching to or above middle. Branch-leaves serrulate. Perichetial leaves dentate above. Cap- sule oval-oblong, tliicU at base, nearly straight and suberect, very small; lid maniil!:ite. Tufts glossy green. Stem pinnate or subpinnate. Sometimes synoecious. — Rocks r. Amer. U. S.: Fendler, herb. Sullivant, com. Renauld. „ , , d5.]MIillebrandi Lesquercux; Sullivant icon. m. Differs from the last: Leaves without filiform poir /, broader at base and not or indistinctly recurved; upper cells lanceolate, alar numerous on a triangular space nearly reaching to costa. Stem-leaves subabruptly narrowed; perichetial nearly entire. Capsule suboval faintly inclined, 'i'ufts silky glossy. — Rocks r. Amer. »U. S.: Bola;nder»: Sulliv. H6.B.biveiitrosuiii C. Mueller (in sched). Leaves crowded oblong-lanceolate long-acuminate sometimes recurved to acumen; alar and lower basal cells short small, the others linear; costa vanishing above middle. Branch-leaves narrower than those of stem. Capsule ol)long; lid apiculate; pedicel less than 1 centim. long. Tufts green; branches very — 117 1' et short. Habit of B. velutinum. — Logs in wcxkIh r. Amer. V. a,'. Joor, com. C. Muellei-. B. All leaves nearly entire, not falcate. ^i.')! Hi Dioecious. BranchoH julaceous or HubjulaceouH. ♦* 87.Jt.californiciim Le8<|uereux. — Hypnutn Lq.; Hrachythe- cium Kindt). Leaves recurved below, long-decurrent soniewhat distant; niar cells dusky obsolete, the others lanceolate; costa reaching above middle or shorter. Stem-leaves entire ovate-oblong; branch- leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate somctin\es faintly siiniohite. ('apsulo oval-oblong arcu"te; pedicel short, rough above. 'J'ufts pale green loose sparingly radicuhtse. Stem subpinnate. -- Kocks and dry sand r. Amer. V. S.: BoiaM)der, com. C. Mueller. 38.B.Fltzgeraldi C. Mueller in Flora 1887. - '^ - Leaves more or less (often faintly) recurved, nearly entire, ovate-oblong not long-acuminate, acute or with short (ihform point, crowded and not distinctly decurrent; alar cells oval or Hubquadrate reaching to costa, the others linear; costa not long, vanishing below acumen. Capsules unknown. — Amer. r. U. S. Florida: Fitzgerald, com. C. Mueller. b. Monoecious. Branches often compressed, not julaceous. H9.fi.Donnellii Austin. — Hypnum Aust.; Brachythecium Kindb. Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate long-subulate often liliforni- pointed, entire or at acumen obsoletely sinuolate, distant not decurrent; alar cells hyaline somewhat large, the others linear- lanceolale; costa vanishing near middle or shorter. Capsule small suboval horizontal faintly curved; pedicel short smooth. Tufts glossy green-. Stem subpinnate creeping. — Rocks and logs r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. C. Leaves sometimes falcate princ. when dry; those of stem nearly entire, those of branches distinctly denticulate. Monoe- cious. .•■ .: :■'- -\ -' A ■-. ' ■,,.-, ;(_^;: . M- a. Leaves plicate, those of branches denticulate at acumen. 40.B.calcareuili Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. Leaves crowded long-acuminate filiform-pointed more or less recurved, incurved-falcate when dry, patent when moist; angular cells short, special alar few hyaline much larger, the others linear. Stem-leaves with broad base; costa short gen. vanishing near middle. Branch-leaves narrow; costa nearly reaching to acumen. Capsule small arcuate; cilia not appendiculate; lid apiculate; pedicel duiooth about 1 ceutim. long. Tufts dense i^ i n P'P '■■■^m ■'> ^'^ M - 118 glossy. Stem irregularly divided; bran- Habit of B. intncatwn. — Limestone 1892. ■'ii-u i'r M branches denticulate all Macoun those of radiculof^e grcon faintly ches not compressed, rocks r. Amer. Car.. Ottawa: b. Leaves not plicate, around. 41.B.TCIutiliuiil L, — Hypnum L.; Brachythecium Br. im. in part; B. vagans Milde (a sonietimes synoecious variety). Leaves long-acuminate not recurved, distant short-decurrent, us. not curved when dry; alar cells very few scarcely distinct, the others linear-lanceolate; costa reaching above middle or shorter. Stem-leaves ovate-lanceolate; branch- leaves much nar- rower. Perichetial leaves dentate above. Capsule thick suboval horizontal; pedicel rough. Tufts green often glossy, very radi- culose and dense. Stem us. pinnate. — Stone and wood. Eur. common below alp. regions. Sweden, Switzerl.l Amer. not com- mon. Can.: Macoun. 42.B.iiitricatum Hedwig. — »Hypnum Hedw.; Schreber; Bri- deb: C. M. syn.; Brachythecium Kindb.; Hypnum deolivum Mitten. Differs from the last: Leaves shorter and less distant not distinctly decurrent, us. falcate or incurved when dry; alar cells distinct hyaline not few. Stem-leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate, branch-leaves nr>t much narrower. Stem r. pinnate. Tufts sometimes golden glossy. — Stone and wood. Eur. probably common below alp. regions. Sweden, Ger- riany, Switzerl.l France!; Boulay. Belgium: Gravet. Italy: Ar- cangeli. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Roell. • '^ B.salicinum Bryol. eur. Pedicel of capsule wholly or nearly smooth. — Trees r. Eur. Spain: Dieck, com. Koell. France: Philibert. 48.B.Tenustilill Notaris. — B. olympicum Juratzka. Differs from B. velutinum: Leaves shorter and nearly uniform with long filiform or sublincar point, long-decurrent gen. recur- ved below nearly to middle, often subfalcate at least when dry. Capsule oval-oblong arcuate; pedicel smooth. Tufts pale green loose sparingly radiculose. — Leaver subdistant; those of stem ovate-oblong; alar cells nearly indistinct; costa reac' 'ng above /niddle or shorter. Branch-leaves broadly ovate-lanceo- late. Stem subpinnate. — Stone and wood r. Eur. Switzerl. near Lugano! Cyprus: linger. Portugal: Levier. Sweden near Norrkoeping: A. Grape. •' t^. ' iC • 44.B.subilllricatlim Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. — no — pale 5e of "ng ceo- zerl. near Ijeaves narrowly ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate nearly uni- form (those of branches not much narrower), nearly crowded (at least those of stem), decurrent, not falcate when dry; alar cells few, the others linear; costa vanishing above middle. Capsule arcuate; pedicel very rough. Stem subpinnate. — Differs from B. velutinum and B. intricatum: Leaves faintly denticulate filiform-pointed; alar cells often dilated. Perichetial leaves nearly entire with long filiform deflexed point. Capsule oblong-cylindric arcuate. Tufts loose sparingly radiculose dusky green. Branches faintly compressed. — Trees r. Amer. Can. Vane, isl.: Macoun 1898. 4r).B.pseu■■-■•" ^••'?)^ uv^^'ir^' •;;.n-i .'.'■''■;" a:;if4;i" ^.'■■-'■^t'S! .«'-^''V.tiO! 2.C.Fitzgfraldi Renauld. — Plagiothecium Ren.; Campylium Ki jdb.; Hypnum Lesq. et Jam. Differs from the last: Leaves narrower and nearly entire, brown at insertion; cells longer an J more chlorophyllose, the alar brown less large. Capsule (unripe) short-necked; pedicel less long. Branches not erect. Tufts brown not glossy, — Rocks r. Amer. Can.: Waghorne. 2. Hispidula. 3.C.hispidiiliini Bridel. --• Hypnum Brid.; Sull. ic. muse; Campylium Lindberg. Leaves denticulate all around, distant, very spreading also when dry, from short broad-cordate base abruptly tapering to a long acumen; inner cells (as in Amblystegium) suboblong; an- gular cells suboval numerous, special alar not Avell-defined; costa us. indistinct. Perichetial lejives denticulate above. Capsule large arcuate; cilia appendiculate; lid apiculnte. Tufts green somewhat high. Branches us. erect. — Rocks and base of trees. Eur. r. Sweden: P. Olsson; E. Nyman. Finl.: Brotherus. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Moser. U. S.: Henry, com. Cardot. 4.C.SoilinierfeItii Myrin. — Hypnum Myr.; Campylium Kindb. Differs from the last: Leaves smaller and less distant, entire above, not spreading when dry; inner cells oblong-lanceolate; costa sometimes distinct, r. simple. Capsule smaller; lid not apiculate; cilia not appendiculate. Tufts intricate greer or yello- wish. Branches us. decumbent. — Rocks and logs. Eur. gen, r. Sweden not r.!; Myrin. Switzerl., Norway! Amer. Can. not r.: Macoun; Moser. * C.byssJranieuin C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Can. m. Leaves very small, denticulate all around. Capsules unknown. — On base of trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. 1 ■ ii • II. Eu-Campylium. : ■■ , i ;i,;n ':.' t ;.- '.i 1. Stellata. f;!;;;.!, M -u.'^-' ''■.^:i{v''l spreading; cells linear exc, the alar; costa .,irii«. — 121 S ■! I ro. )Wil. bosta obsolete or very short. Periclietinl leaves nerveless. Dioecious not often fruiting. ' -'^^ • • "i^f* w'HdtC) -puli 5.C.8tellatum Schreber. — Hypnum Schr.; Campylium Kindb. Leaves not falcate, somewhat short-cuspidate (with somewhat short subulate part of the acumen), us. abruptly attenuate. Tufts us. not or sparingly radiculose, green or brown. Stem and branches us. erect, r. pinnate. — Common. Eur. Sweden etc.! Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: com. Macoun. B.C.proteilSUin Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Camp3'lium Kindb. Leaves long-cuspidate gradually attenuate, the uppermost us. falcate. Stem gen. pinnate and creeping. — Not common. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Sweden: E. Nyman. France: Husnot. Amer. Can.: Macoun. • •"■ ■" ' > B. Leaves gen. not much spreading; upper cells linear, the lower us. dilated; costa often long, sometimes obsolete. Peri- chetial leaves plicate (as in the both last), costate. Sometimes polygamous T.C.poIyganiuni Br. eur. — Amblystegium Br. eur.; Campylium Kindb ; Hypnum Schimper. , Leaves long-cuspidate gen. gradually attenuate, not falcate. Tufts radiculose. Stem with gen not pinnate branches. — Not common. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.! Finl.: Lindberg. Amer, Can.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. , ..iv'v^,^ 2. Chrysophylla. A. Leaves very distant, not decurrent; cells sublanceolate exc. the alar. Monoecious. S.C.iiygrophihim Juratzka. — Hypnum Jur ; Campylium Kindb.; Amblystegium Schimper. , ; , ,.,,,•. , Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate or from subo'ate base long- acuminate, nearly entire; costa sometimes reaching to middle. Peristomial teeth orange. Stem pinnate. Resembling Hi/pnum riparium but very much smaller. — Rare. Eur. Switzerl.! Finl.: Lindberg. Amer. U. S.: RooU. . .,;!.,. / ,- r. B. Leaves crowded not spreading; cells linear, the alar nearly indistinct. Capsules unknown. ^■ u.f,^.'-- O.C.Durifl^i Montague. — Hypnum Mont.; C. M. syn.; Cam- pylium Xindb,; »Orthothecium Beschcrelle»: Husnot. Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate filiform-poin- ted, faintly sinuolate above midr'le; costa very thin vanishing near middle or obsolete. Stem irregularly divided. Tufts in- tricate very dense. — Eur. r. France, Provence: Philibert. 9 m i — 122 — i :-i C. Leaves spreading gen. with ovate base; alar cells distinct, ihe others us. linear. Dioecious. a. Leaves nearly crowded not decurrent; angular (alar) cells few. lO.C.chrysophyllnni Bridel. — Hypnum Brid.; Campylium Kindb. Leaves entire (or the uppermost sinuolate) long-cuspidate; cells gen. linear exc. the us. yellow alar; costa thin reaching to middle or obsolete. Perichetial leaves costate faintly striate, abruptly narrowed. Peristome pale. Branches us. pinnate. Tufts sparingly radiculose, not much dense. — Common. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.l Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Wag- horne. U. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot. ., , • , '\ ll.C.unicostatum C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Canad. m. Leaves entire shorter-acuminate than in the last; alar cells small not yellow, the others gen. linear; costa gen. distinct. Perichetial leaves costate, gradually subulate-acuminate or with filiform falcate point. Capsule smaller than in the last. Stem irregularly divided. Tufts very dense. — Amer. r. Can.: Macoun; Moser. 12.C.siniiolatum Kindb. in Hedwigia 1897 p. 47. ^ ^^■'■' Leaves sinuolate short-acuminate; alar cells hyaline, the others sublanceolate; costa long somewhat thick. Stem irregularly divided. Tufts dense. Capsules unknown. — Am r. r. U. 8. Ohio: Purpus, com. Roell. b* Leaves decurrent entire more or less distant, recurved rtt base; angular cells numerous hyaline. , . IS.C.decursiviilum C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Canad. m. Leaves from broad-ovate base long-cuspidate; costa not long. Capsule arcuate; lid apiculate; pedicel very long. Perichetial leaveh costate plicate short-cuspidate filiform-pointed. Stem often pinnate. Tufts loose. — Amer. Can.: Macoun. Eur. Sweden: P. Dus^n. 14.C.bergeiien8e Austin. — Hypnum Aust.; Campylium Kindb. Leaves short very small, ovate-cordate or ovate-oblong, shortly cuspidate; costa often prolonged nearly to acumen. Capsule small arcuate; pedicel not long. — Amer. r. U. S.: Roell; Austin, Cum. C. Mueller. . „. >.ivi..t> 60. Heterophyllon Kindb., new genus. ,, f A. Leaves entire somewhat large. , .t ^ l.H.Ualdanei Greville. — Hypnum Grev. ^ , nr- Leaves ovate-oblong acute or short-acuminate, recurved below — 123 ,'ed Indb. l)rtly )sule Istin, lelow at one side, subdecurrent, Hnaily yellow at insertion; alnr cells subquadrate (larger than in Hyptiiim cupressiforme) often hyaline, disposed on a short-triangular space, the others linear. Capsule subcylindric us. nearly straight; lid rostrate or rostellate; pedi- cel somewhat long. Tufts radiculose at least below, us. green sometimes golden glossy. Stem irregularly divided; branches sometimes compressed; paraphyllia numerous. Monoecious. — Logs and stones in woods. Eur. r. Switzerl.l France: Philibert. German'- Schimper. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Wag- horne. CJ. S.: SuUivant and Schrader, com. C. Mueller. 2.H.f1accuni C. M. et Kindb. — Hypnum cat. Canad. m. Differs fi'om the last: Leaves narrower, ovate-lanceolate; alar cells larger. Stem subpinnate; branches cuspidate often com- pressed. Dioecious. Capsules unknown. — Rocks and logs r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. ' jB. Leaves large, strongly serrate at acumen. '"'■' B.H.nemorosiini Koch. — Hypnum Koch. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, recui-ved below, crowded and not decurrent, yellow at insertion; apical cells lanceolate, alar large sub(|uadrate hyaline or orange on a nearly round space; other cells linear. Stem-leaves nearly entire below the subulate acu- men. Branch-leaves denticulate above middle, with sublinear somewhat broad half- twisted point. Capsule large suboblong or arcuate; lid acute; pedicel long. Tufts pale green, sparingly radiculose. Stem pinnate; branches cuspidate not compressed. Monoecious. Habit of Cnlliergon ruspidatiim. — Trees and logs in woods r. Eur. Germany: Milde. Amer. »U. S.»: Le.squereux. C. Leaves small, minutely denticulate at acumen. 4.H.pseudo-nemorosmii Kindb. n. sp. Leaves ovate-oblong denticulate at the subulate acumen, not distinctly recurved, decurrent, not yellow at insertion; alar cells small few dusky on a short-triangular space; apical cells lan- ceolate, the inner linear-lanceolate. Tufts glossy velvet-like. Stem sub})innate; branches faintly compressed; paraphyllia broad not numerous. Capsules unknown. Habit of Fj/laisiella velutina. — Amer. r. Can. N. Brunswick: Moser, com. Macoun. 5.H.subadliatum C. M. et Kindb. — Raphidostegium cat. Can. m. Leaves ovate-oblong short-acuminate acute, denticulate above middle, recurved below, not decurrent; alar and lower marginal cells quadrate, the others suboblong as in Amhlystegium. Peri- — 124 chetial leavew serrate longer acuminate. Cappnle cylindric ar- cuate strangulate; lid large rostellate; peristome not seen; pedicel flexuouB deflexed arcuate. Tufts dense green. Stem creeping not ])inn{ite; branches subjulaceous often incurved rd the tops; ))araphyllia broad. Probably monoecious. — Tree?, r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Dearness, com. Maooun. 61. Myiirium Schimper. < = * - 'o j-Ui'- l.M.Boscii Schwffigrichen. — Hypnum Scliw.; SuUiv. icon, m.; Myurium Kindb. Leaves large very concave not decurrent, from ovate-cordate not recurved base abruptly narrowed to a subulate often twisted point, striate, denticulate all around; alar cells few suboval or irregular, lower basal often brownish, the others sublinear; costa simple vanishing above middle or short and double. Capsule large oblong-oval curved; annulus broad; segments nearly split; cilia 8 not much shorter, not appendiculate; pedicel 2 — 3 centim. long. Perichetial leaves abruptly long-subulate. Stem subpin- nate or irregularly divided; branches robust turgid. Dioecious r. fruiting. — Earth in woods. Anier. U. S. »not uncommon*: Sullivant. Austin, com. Macoun ; SuUivant, com. C. Mueller; Fitzgerald, com. Renauld. * M.COloradense Austin. — Hypnum Aust.; Myurium Kindb. Cells of branch-leaves often oval-oblong princ. the upper, sometimes also the angular. Capsules unknown. — Amer. r. U. S. Arkansas Hot Springs: Ch. lloell, coCo. J. Roell. 2.9[.Hebridaruin Schimper. -^ Differs from M. Boscii: Leaves narrower, from ovate-oblong or oblong-linear base more abruptly contracted to the poitit, not striate; costa indistinct. Capsules unknown. — Rocks near sea r. Eur. Scotl.: Fergusson, com. Husnot (Africa, Madeira: G. Fritze, com. Roell and Kaurin). ■' u - ..lys 62. Hypnum L.; Dillenius; in part. A. Leaves with simple (sometimes in H. Bambergeri short and double) costa. Dioecious or (in H. fluviatile and sometimes in Harpidium) monoecious. a. Leaves (exc. H. erythrorhizon and H. harpidioides) not recurved at borders. I. Alaria. Leaves (princ. the youngest) mamillose above, us. striate; middle cells often dilated, alar often yellow; costa thick. Stem us. pinnate; paraphyllia present. Leaves falcate. II. Cratoneuron. Leaves not mamillose, gen. not striate; middle cells gen. dilated, alar gen. distinct but r. yellow; costa — 125 — 1 >long ^oint, near leira: not U8. Icosta icate. piate; 30Bta gen. thick. Stem us. not pinnate, r. with paraphyllia. Leaves pometimes not falcate. III. Harpidium. Leaves gin. not mamillose, in few species striate; cells gen. narrow exc. the gen. hyaline or sometimes not distinct alar; costa gen. not thick. Stem us. not radiculose, sometimes pinnate; paraphyllia wanting. Leaves (in few species) sometimes not falcate. aa. Alar leaf-cells not distinct. ' ' " '' ' '^' •"• 1. Riparia. Leaves gen. straight subdistichous; lower basal cells nearly uniform subquadrate in 2 — 5 rows. Monoecious often fruiting. Stem often radiculose. — Growing princ. on logs in water. 2. ReYOlTentia. Leaves falcate; lower basal cells gen. few, short and dilated. Sometimes monoecious. Stem not radiculose. Leaves often reddish. — Growing in swamps. . ,, bb. Alar leaf-cells distinct. 3. Adiinca. Leaves not r. straight (princ. in K. fluitans, H. exannulatum and H. elodes), r. plicate when moist. Us. dioe- cious, not often fruiting. Stem r. radiculose. Leaves sometimes (princ. in H. exannulatum) reddish. — Growing in swamps. 4. Unciiiata. Leaves us. falcate, gen. plicate. Us. monoecious, often fruiting. Stem r. radiculofje. Leaves greenish. — Growing on dry stones, base of trees and dry earth, r. in water. b. Leaves recurved at borders below, subundulate when dry. IV. Rhytidium. Leaves faintly rough above at both sides, falcate or nearly straight; alar (angular) cells small very nume- rous. Stem without rhizoids and paraphyllia. B. Leaves with short double or indistinct (in H. resupinafum sometimes simple) costa, falcate or (sometimes in H. cupressi- forme) straight, sometimes (in subg. Cupressina and Gampylo- phyllum) recurved at borders. Stem sometimes (in Cupressina) with paraphyllia. Dioecious or monoecious. V. Pseudo-Hylocoiuiuin. Leaves spreading when dry, large denticulate not circinnate, us. plicate below; special alar cells not dclined. Stem not or irregularly pinnate, not creeping. Dioecious. VL Campylophylluni. Leaves spreading when dry, small faintly denticulate subcircinnate not plicate; alar cells small distinct. Stem pinnate creeping. Monoecious. V IL Drepaiiium. Leaves not spreading when dry, large nearly entire not circinnate, sometimes striate or plicate; alar cells I p. I ! - 126 — 'Ml if either large or not well-defined. Stem not plumiform, often irregularly divided. Dioecious or r. monoecious. VIII. Clipressina. Leaves not ppreading when dry,^ mostly small (in few ppecies large), not r. denticulate and circinnate, not (exc. H. plicatile and H. crista castrensis) plicate; alar cells gen. distinct r. large. Htom often pinnate. Sometimes monoe- cious. a. Leaves (at least the elder of stem) yellow (r. red or brown) at insertion, gen. small, in Imponentiformia somewhat large. aa. Leaves recurved nearly to acumen, often circinnate. 1. Plicatilia. Leaves plicate. Stem eradiculose often irre- gularly divided; paraphyllia none. Capsule long narrow; pedicel long. Dioecious very r. fruiting. 2. Reptiliformia. Leaves not plicate. Stem us. creeping and pinnj j-, paraphyllia r. (in H. canariense) present. Capsule not long; pedicel shortish. Monoecious us. fruiting. l)b. Leaves not distinctly recurved and not plicate. Dioe- cious or monoecious. 3. Imponentiformia. Leaves somewhat large often circinnate. Stem pinnate r.s. with paraphyllia. Habit of H. cupressifor.ne. 4. Callichroidca. Leaves small circinnate. Stem often plu- miform r. with paraphyllia. 5. Raphidostegioidea. Leaves small not circinnate. Stem not regularly pinnate; paraphyllia none. b. Leaves pale at insertion, often (princ. in Cupressiformin)] urge. aa. Leaves circinnate. Paraphyllia sometimes numerous. 6. MoUiiscoidea. Leaves not recurved sometimes large. Stem us. plumiform gen. not or sparingly radiculose. Dioecious. 7. Hamulosa. Leaves small sometimes recurved. Stem not plumiform, us. creeping; paraphyllia us. broad. Us. monoeciou.s. bb. Leaves not circinnate. Stem not plumiform; paraphyllia few or wanting. 8. Cupressiformla. Leaves short-acuminate often large, some- times recurved. Stem sometimes pinnate. Dioecious. 9. Amblystegioidea. Leaves small long-acuminate not recur- ved. Stem irregularly divided or subpinnate. Monoecious. I. Alaria C. Mueller mscr. A. Leaves distant decurrent, more denticulate at base; alar cells large. l.H.commutatum Hedwig. - _i4i;;iii-v|iix .^ - Leaves from broad-ovate base long-acuminate, gen. striate, 1 not .'ions. •Ilia iome- eeur- alar date, — 127 — fnintly maTnilloHe nbove; upper cells narrow, the lower dilated, the alar yellow; costa vanishing in acumen. Capsule large sub- cylindric arcuate; lid rostellate-apiculate; pedicel very long. Perichetial leaves plicate. Tufts loose. Stem pinnate very tomentose; branches distant; paraphyllia numerous. — Wet cal- careous places. Eur, common below alp. regions. Sweden, Norway, France, Switzerl.! Amer. r. »U. S.»: Lesq. et. Jam. * H.sillcatiim Schimper. Stem less regularly pinnate; branches less distant. Leaves smaller, short-decurrent; their costa shorter. Capsule smaller. — Alpine, often not calcareous, stations. Eur. somewhat r. Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. »Greenl.»: Berggren. N. Foundl.: Waghorne. 2.H.(lecipien8 Notaris. — Thuidium Not.; Hypnura Kindb. Differs from H. commufatum: Leaves gen. mamillose on both sides, with broader base and shorter acumen, less striate; alar cells gen. hyaline; cells shorter, those of branch-leaves oval- oblong; costa shorter, faint above. Perichetial leaves shorter, faintly striate. Stem often sparingly tomentose; branches often simple above. Very r. fruiting. — Rivulets, princ. in alps, also in not calcareous districts, gen. r. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. B. Leaves crowded, not decurrent, nearly entire; alar cells not large. . ■■ -■ . , • S.H.falcatum Bridel. Leaves from ovate-oblong base long-acuminate, often striate, indistinctly mamillose, cells sublinear; costa us. vanishing in acumen. Perichetial leaves plicate. Capsule less large than in H. conmmtatum; lid with shorter point. Tufts brown or dark green, often dense. Stem us. irregularly pinnate and sparingly tomentose; branches approached. — Swamps and rivulets princ. in not calcareous alp. stations. Eur. common in alps. Sweden, Norway, France, Switzerland! Amer. Can. not r.: Macoun. * H.irrijQ:a1liin Zetterstedt. — H. virescens Boulay. Leaves ovate-lanceolate faintlv striate; alar cells us. not well- defined; costa of stem-leaves gen. percurrent. Tufts dirty greeen. Stem often pinnate, sometimes naked below; paraphyllia few. Very r. fruiting. — Rivulets r. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! II. Cratoneuron SuUivant, in part. l.H.filiciniiin L. — Amblystegium Notaris. Leaves minutely denticulate all around; alar cells large us. hyaline; costa not thin in the acumen, sometimes excurrent. ** i 9 ' — 128 •- IL Stem-leaves subovnte acuminate deeurrent. Branch-leaveB narro- wer, gen. more crowded; cells suboblong. Perichetinl lenvea gen. not striate. Capsule subcylindric arcuate, smaller and shorter-pedicellate than in H. commufatum. Tufts us. dense and dirty green. Stem often creeping; branches us. crowded; piira- phyllia often present. Dioecious. — Wet places, common. Eur. Sweden, Norway, Germany, Switzerl.! Eur, Can. Macoun. * H.curvicaiile Juratzka. Leaves gen, not falcate; alar cells yellow; stem-leaves short- acuminate. Stem nearly eradiculose. — Alps r. Eur. Norway: Bryhn; E. Nyman. Austria- Breidler. Switzerl.: Culmann. * H.Yallis-clauste Bridel. — Hypnum Formianum Schimper. Leaves long-acuminate; cells less dilated; costa excurrent. Stem long, often denudate below and covered by persistent nerves. — Running wnt'^r r. Eur. » France »: Boulay. » Italy »: Schimp. syn. ; i-^i". ^fv ,j, .. s, v * H.fallax Bridel. — Amblystegium irriguum var. spinifolium Schimper. Upper leaves ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate nearly entire; ctsta excurrent. Stem as in the last. — Running water r. Eur. Sweden! Engl.: Rogers. Germany: Roemer. i .■■, i ,!(, 5.H.ftilviatile Swurtz. — Amblystegium Br, eur. Leaves gen. entire, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acute or short-acuminate, not or indistinctly deeurrent, us. not fuleato and not distant, dark green- cells lanceolate-oblong, the small alar gen. not much distinct; costa subpercurrent. Capsule as in thfi last. Stems not or sparingly radiculose, gen. irregularly divided and not tufted; branches long; paraphyllia none. Very r. fruiting, — Inundated rocks. Eur. not r. Sweden, Germany! Amer. Can,: Macoun, U. S. r,: Austin. . ■ ,;< i,s i-i ,? j * H.irriguimi Hooker et Wilson, — Amblystegium Br. eur. Leaves sinuolate-denticulate, from subovate base long-acumi- nate, subdecurrent, somewhat distant and patent; alar cells distinct; costa subexcurrent. Stem us. rigid when dry. — Eur. not common. Sweden, Germany, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. U. S.: Austin. ; , ^^ v ,,vr: - III, Harpidium SuUivant. |, >"> t ;■;••; L Riparia. ; -ji ;rti : _ > / G.H.riparium L. — Amblystegium Br. eur. l- • Leaves ovate-l.'uiceolate gradually acuminate sometimes filiform- pointed, entire^ scarcely deeurrent, us, distant and large; middle cells, also often the upper, narrowly linear; costa r. percurrent. •a to mil as in.: im- Idle jnt. — 129 — Cappiilo large arcuate; nnnulus broad; lid Buhohtuso; pedicel long. Tufts U8. green. — Gon. common, r. in nip. regions. Eur. Sweden, Switzerl.l Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Uoell. * H.longinerve Kindb. rat. Can. m. Leaves mostly curved; costa gen. long-oxcnrrent. Tults Home- times brown. — Rare. Ainer. Can.: Macoun. {.-Vs ' * H.Kocliii Br. eur. — II. curvipes Guembel; Amblystegium Schin)p. syn. Leaves oval-oblong gen. straigbt; middle cells lanceolate. — Rare. Eur. France: Bertbouniieu. Amer. Can.: Macoun. i T.H.vaeillaiis SuUivant. — Amblvftegium Sull. icon, m.; Hyp- num Lesq. et Jam. Differs from H. riparium: Leaves not large, those of branches often obtusate with oblong apical cells, the perichetial with excurrent costa. Capsule small more strangulate; lid obtuse; pedicel thin and short. — R. Eur. France, Calvados: Brcbisson (Husnot M. Gall. n. 398). Amer. Can. Owen Sound: Macoun. U. S.: Roell; N. Jersey: com. Macoun. Revolventia. S.H.reYolvens Swartz. Leaves circinnate, from short subovate base narrowed to the lo!)ger acumen, not striate, entire and not decurrent, us. reddish; cells linear exc. the wider (lower) basal; costa gen. vanishing below acumen. Capsule large arcuate; annulus broad; lid api- culate; pedicel ger. long. Stem irregularly pimiate. Monoecious not r. fruiting. — Alpine princ. northern districts. Eur. Nor- way (common)! Sweden: Lindberg; M. lluss. England: Holt. France: Husnot. Amer. r. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Greenl.: Berggren; Vanhoeffen. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. oh-f.il ,S" ^ y.H.CossOni Schimper. — H. intermedium Lindb. Differs from the last- Leaves not circinnate, their acumen not longer than the us. subovate base. Tufts green or brown- yellow. Dioecious r. fruiting. — Eur. princ. in northern districts. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. « ;, -.?t. * H.Ternicosuiii Lindberg. Leaves shorter and broader, short acuminate, striate when dry; costa often short. Stem us. pinnate. Tufts us. yellowish. — Eur. Sweden!; Lindberg. Norway! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. * H.rigidum Kindb. enum. bryin. dovr. (as var.) Leaves larger with narrowly ovate-oblong base, brown-green. Stem somewhat rigid when dry. Capsules not found. — Alp. region r. Eur. Norway! i i w -^ — 130 - jj ::i '•■I, ' ■ 3. Adunca. ' ' ' " ' ' ' '" A. TuftH deiiRoly cohering. lieftves not decurrent; alar cells Hmall or indiHtinct. Dio^cioup r. fruiting. •'^^' A. Angular loaf cell.s finally red, th nlar often distinct; rosta oftnii nhort and double. lO.H.Bamborgerl Hcliimper. — H. brevifolium Lindb.; H. flexuoHum Berggren. i' Leaves falcate, from ovate or broad-ovate base tapering to a longer or shorter acumen, entire and crowded; upper cells linear. CapHulo arcuate not large; lid npiculate: pedicel not long. Tufts either green, sometimes glossy, or brown-green or brown-red. — Swamps and wet rocks in alps r. Eur. Norway!: E. Adlerz (fruiting). Amer. »Greenl.»: Berggren. »Can.»: liCsq. et Jam. b. Alar leaf cells nearly indistinct, not red; costa simple. ll.H.elodos Sp.'uce. — Amblystegium Schimper. Ijcaves small us. straight, more or less distant; cells linear; costa vanishing in acumen, not thick. Stem-leaves itrom short broad ba^e short-cuspidate or filiform-pointed, faintlj' denticulate below. Branch-leaves narrowly ovate- lanceolate long-cuspidate, faintly denticulate nearly all around, sometimes falcate. Cap- sule small oblong-cylindric curved; pedicel short. Tufts blackish or dark green, sparingly radiculose. — Eur. gen. r. Sweden, Norway! * H.deilSlim Milde. — Brachythecium Juratzka. Leaves smaller, more distinctly denticulate; cells often suboblong; costa subexcurrent. Cnpsules not seen. — Eitr. r. Austria: .Juratzkn, and Germany: Arnold (herb. Hartman), com. Acad. Upsal. 12. H.subsecuildlim Kindb. rev. bryol. 1895. Leaves not large, nearly crowded, entire; cells linear, the lower basal yei'ow; costa vanishing below acumen. Stem-leaves from broado ite base short-acuminate; costa very thick. Branch- leaves from subovate bape (more or less gradually) long-subu- late, subsocund when dry; costa thinner. Capsule arcuate; pedicel short; teeth brownish. Stem creeping. — Amer. r. Can.: White, com. Macoun; N. Found!.: Waghorne B. Tufts loose eradiculose. Leaves not or shortly decurrent, gen. falcate; alar cells small, other cells linear. Capsule annu- late. Dioecious r. fruiting. a. Leaves plicate when dry, not decurrent. Stem irregularly divided. " ; ,, ,, ,** - ,; , IS.H.lycopodioides Schwajgrichen. :/i^ ••" ■ i"^ :•■... 181 — rly Leaves entire large crowded nhining; oowta reaching to the acumen, often brown. f^tem-Ieaves from pubovate or ovnte- oblong ba^^e tapering to a nhorter, sub\ilate HIiform-poiiited acumen. Bratich-leaves gon. ovate-lanceolnte longer-nciuninate. CapHuIe large arcuate; teeth pale; pedicel 8 — 5 c. rn. long. TuftH yellowinh or brown. — (Jen. r. Eur. Sweden! England: Holt. France: Hnsnot. Amer. »(ireenl. »: Berggren. *V. S.»: Lq. et Jam. b. Leaves short-decurrent not plicate. Stem ur. pubpinnate. H.H.adllliCUni L.; Hedwig; Sch.mper. Leaves crowded not large, from nubovate base ta[icring to a longer BometimcB denticulate acumen, r. ovate-lanceolate, (^aj)- Bule small; pedicel not long. Tufts green or yellowish. — Eur. probably not r. Norway fruiting! Germany: Schimper (com. as »the typical H. adnvcum*). Amer. r. U, S. Roell. Can.i Macoun; Waghorne. 15.H.WIl.son! Schimpev. Leaves distant large, from ovate lanceolate base tap'^ring to a shorter gen. entire acumen. Capsule large slightly curved; pedicel very long. Tufts dusky green. — R. Eur. Engl. South- port near sea, fruiting: G. A. Holt; T. Rogers. Sweden, isl. Gothland: Zetterstedt, com. E. Haglund. Amer. U. S.: Roell. C. Tufts loose eradiculose. lieavcs long-decurrent not striate, often not falcate; alar cells large. a. Capsule large not (exc. H. capilUfolium) annulate; pedicel very long. Leaves gen. long aiul narrow; cells linear exc. the alar; costa us. long. Sometimes tnonoecious, less r. fruiting. IG.H.fliiitans L. Leaves from narrowly ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate base tapering to a gen. longer acumen, us. entire and green. — E%ir. common below alps, r. in alp. regions. Sweden, Norway! Amer. Can.: Ma(!oun. Greenl.: Bcrggren. IT.H.capillifoIiiliii Warnstorf. Differs from the last: Costa of leaves gen. long-exciu-rent. »Capsule annulate*: Renauld. — Eur. r. Norway! Germany: Warnstorf. IS.H.exannulatiim Guembel. Leaves from ovate-lanceolate base tapering to a gen. shorter acumen, us. denticulate below and reddish or brown, r. green, often very distant. — Enr. common in northern districts, princ. in alp. regions, r. in southern districts. Sweden, Norway! Amer. Can. not r.: Maooun; Waghorne. Greenl.: Berggren, %.\ i'i-*il''i m^ *i 1 IS I .t3 :.':; ;' f - 132 — "* H.pseudo-straniineiim C. Mueller. Leaves green entire often Btraight; those of branches often with oblong apical cells. Capsules not seen. — R. Eur. Swe- den: E, Adlerz. Germany: Milde. Amer. Can : Waghorne. n b. Capsule annulate not large; pedicel often short. Leaves often short and broad; cells often dilated; costa mostly short. Dioecious r. fruiting. Tufts not reddish. 19.H.Kneiffli Schimper. "^ mn? ?^> :v.lf Leaves entire (or minutely denticulate above), from subovate or broad-ovate base tapering to a gen. longer but broad and short- subulate acumen, us. small and distant; cells often dila- ted; costa us. short, sometimes bifid. Capsule more or less arcuate; pedicel 2 — 5 c. m. long. Tufts green. — Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway! Amer. Can.: Macoun. '• "■•'■• * H Sendtneri Schimper, in part; Boulay. i,- . V' Leaves larger less distant, us. brown-green; cells gen. narrow, the alar often yellowish. — Eur. SwedenI; C. 0. Hamnstroem (determ. Lindberg); E. Adlerz. Amer. r. Can.: Macoun. 20.H.conflatnin C. M. et Kindb. cat Can. m. Leaves small distant denticulate all around; those of stem from round-ovate base tapering to a shorter subobtuse acumen; branch-leaves oblong-lanceolate; cells gen. dilated; costa gen. vanishing in acumen, sometimes indistinct. Capsule smaller than in the last, strangulate; lid low apiculate; pedicel very long and capillary. Tufts green. — Amer. r. Alaska: J. M, Macoun. Can.: Macoun, Canad m. n. 884; Waghorne. ..^ . 2 1 .H.liainifoMittii Schimper. T>eeves large crowded entire, from ovate-oblong base tapering to I longer narrow-subulate acumen; cells linear; costa long. Tutts yellowish. Branches robust, rigid wher. dry. Capsules unknown. — Eur. r. Germany near Breslau: Schulze, com. Warnstorf. Amer. »U. S.»: Renauld. -..,,,., . ..■ 4. Uncinata. w. vii^?] A. Leaves not recurved, entire at least below. >-, i;*-^/'' 22.H.liMCinatnill Hedwig. — H. aduncum Lindb. »;' -nnV/ Leaves short-dccurrent from narrowly ovate base tapering to an often filiform pointed acumen, us. striate; alar cells large, the others linear; costa us. long. Capsule cylindric arcuate or nearly straight, strangulate; lid apiculate; pedicel us. 3 — 4 c. m. long. Tufts us. green and eradiculose. Stem often pinnate. Monoecious us. fruiting. — Gen. common. Eur. Sweden, Nor- T ler to "gc, lor- — 133 — v/ay, Germany, Switzerl.! Amer. Can.: Macoiin; Waghornc. Greenl.: Berggren. U. S.: Howell, com. Cardot. ■ -...«*.».- * H.Moseri Kindb. cat. Canad. m. Stem creeping. Leaves pmall gen. not striate; costa thin often obsolete. Capsule small; pedicel us. short. — Amer. Can.: (N. Brunsw., Labrador and N. Foundl., frequent): Moser; Wag- home. Eur. Sweden: E. Nyman. 23.H.orthothecioides I^indberg Differs from H. uncinatum: Leaves not decurrent, gen. with broader base, often straight; al^r cells gen. small. Dioecious, Tufts us. yellowish. Capsules and femal ) flowers unknown. — Earth and rocks in northern districts. Eur. not r. in arctic districts. Spetsbergen: Berggren. Sweden: Arnell. Finland: Brotherus. Amer. Alaska: J. M. Macoun, Can.: Waghorne. V B. Leaves recurved, denticulate nearly all around (at least those of branches). Dio'^cious. 24.H.erythrorhizoil Schimper. — Brachythecium Sch.; Hyp- num Hartman. Leaves faintly striate crowded decurrent not large, often cor- rugate when dry; alar cells hyaline somewhat large, the others lanceolate oblong; costa reaching to acumen. Stem-leaves nearly entire from ovate or ovate-oblong base abruptly long-acuminate, faintly but broadly recurved nearly to acumen. Brai.ch-leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate faintly denticulate nearly all around. Capsule not large suboblong or arcuate; lid acute; pedicel short smooth. Stem subpinnate creeping. Tufts not glossy pale green or green. — (jrranite rocks in woods in northern districts r. Eur. Sweden: Aongstroem; Arnell; J. Persson. Amer. »U. S.» Cardot :M-;,v»;?'!'.i ty^.fw;:j« fv^-w iijyo:.;>^riJU * U.Thedenil (Hartman as var.) Br. eur. — B"achythecium Br. eur.; Hypnum (Hartman) Kindb. Leaves subplicate less crowded. Stem longer, more regularly pinnate. Capsule oval. — Rocks r. Eur. Sweden: K. F. The- denius, com. R. Hartman. Amer. »U. S.»: James, is^^.ri t-^ 25.H.harpidioides C, M. et Kindb. — Brachythecium Cat. Can. m. Differs from H. erythrorhizon: Leaves plicate diatinctly den- ticulate all around and more distinctly falcate, from ovate base subulate-acuminate recurved to acumen; alar cells large green, the others lanceolate. Capsule round-oval; pedicel slightly rough above. Stem not creeping. — Logs in woods r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser. it ; r — 134 — a -ft-' 'I ' IV. Rhytidium Sullivant. , 26.H.rug08Um Ehrhart. ,>.,>,» - • , .. i Leaves large denticulate nearly all around from subovate base gen. long-Bubulate; eosta vanishing near or above middle. Capsule subcylindric arcuate; teeth ferruginous; lid acute or rostellate; pedicel not long. Tufts loose, brown below, golden glossy or greenish above. Branches subjulaceous very thick. Dioecious r. fruiting — Dry earth and rocks. Eur. common in alps, r. in lower districts. Norway fruit., Switzerl.! Ger- many fruit.: Schimper. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. V. Pseudo-Hylocomium Kindb. ,: j,.:r A. Angular leaf-cells large numerous hexagonal-oval. : ; 27.H.squarro8Uin L. — Hylocomium Br. eur. Leaves minutely denticulate all around from ovate base long- acuminate; angular cells sometimes brown. Per'ohetial leaves pale yellow gradually acuminate filiform-poii te,'I, rate above middle of the basal part. Capsule broad-oval or obovate or curved ue. not large; teeth brown-yellow; cilia often appendi- culate; 'id acute; pedicel very long. Stem eradiculose r. pin- nate. Tufts us, dirty greenish. — Humid meadows. Eur. gen. common below alp. regions. Sweden, Switzerl. I Amer. not common. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.: J. Macoun. U. S.: Roell (forma subpinnata). B. Angular leaf-cells suboblong small not well-defined. ,? 28.H.loreuiii L. — Hylocomium Br. eur. , v, . ,.;..-■ Leaves from ovate base long-acuminate. Stem-leaves entire below middle; branch-leaves denticulate nearly all around. Perichetial leaves hyaline, slightly denticulate above. Cfip.-ule large oval or subglobose; teeth brown; cilia not appen<^ '!;i.'ite; pedicel long. Stem often very long and decumbent; b • \c8 radiculose. — Earth and rocks princ. near sea or larger j ti' ^ not r. E%(,r. Sweden, Norway, Germany! Amer. Alaska; J. ia. Macoun. Can.: Macoun; Dawson. 29.H.robllstum Hooker. — Hylocomium Flemmingii Austin. Leaves ovate short acuminate denticulate, rugose when dry, larger than in the both last and less curved; the younger narrower, the elder often covered by hair-like rhizoids. Capsule large subobovate obliciue or slightly curved; teeth yellow or finally ferruginous; lid conic obtuse; pedicel shortish. Stem suberect; branches few distant very thick us. green. Habit ot Hypnum rugosum but larger. — Earth in woods r. Amer. western slope. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Leiberg, com. Mrs Britton. ili m. i7> ger ule or em ot er. ■on. — 135 — VI. Campylophyllum Schimper. L. fil. — H. Macounii Kindb. bull. Torr. club 30.H.Ha11eri XVII. Leaves faintly denticulate nearly all around, from Buboval Buberect recurved base acuminate; alar cells not numerous, the others oblong-lanceolate or sublinear. Branch-leaves more distinctly denticulate. Capsule small narrow cylindric more or less curved, faintly constricted; lid obtuse; pedicel not long. Tufts dense often brown. — Rocks princ. calcareous. Ear. nearly common in dolomitic alps. Sweden, Norway, SwitzerL! Amer. r. Can.: Macoun; Drummond. N. Foundl.: Waghorne. VII. Drepanium Schimper, in part. 7 , i A. Leaves finally yellow at insertion. l\ ;i,;';r i /> a. Leaves decurrent falcate not undulate, .^'-'a .. ».iiv. j>niy.;7^ Leaves striate gen. ovate-oblong, denticulate above to V4, straight; those of stem short-decurrent; alar cells more distinct. Tufts green. Capsules unknown. — Swamps r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. 35.H.psehdo-pratense Kindb. cat. Can. m. ^hi^n •^*7}.;>j Diiiers from H. pratense: Leaves not undulate, more crowded and more distincily denticulate above. Stem creeping; branches short; tufts very dense and green. Monoecious. Capsules un- known. — Logs in woods r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. B. Leaves pale not yellow at insertion, decurreut and not undulate. Branches not compressed. 36.H.Lindherg'ii Mitten. — H. arcuatum Lindb., non Sulliv. Leaves as in H. curvifolium but gen. entire; alar cells large hyaline. Capsule large curved strongly plicate not strangulate; teeth yellow; cilia long-appendiculate; pedicel thick 5 — 6 c. m. long. Stem irregularly divided eradiculose. Tufts us. dirty green. Dioecious very r. fruiting. — On clayej' earth. Eur. not r., nearly common in northern districts. Sweden!; S. 0. Lindberg; E. Collinder (fruiting). Norway!; E. Nyman (fruit). Switzerl., Italy! Amer. r. Can : Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. 37.H.arcuatiforiiie Kindb. cat. Canad. m. Differs from the last: Leaves shorter, ovate-oblong. Capsv.le small strangulate not stria. 3; teeth pale yellow; pedicel 3 c. m. long. Stem subpinnate creeping. Agrees with the last in ap- pendiculate cilia of endostome. Habit of H. cupressi forme. — On earth in woods r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. VIII. Cupressina C. Mueller, in part. 1. Plicatilia. 38.H.plicatile Mitten. — Stereodon Mitt.; Hypnura Lesq. et Leaves not decurrerit; upper cells lanceolate, alat small finally n. ■iiUe m. lap- et Illy - 137 - hyaline, the others oblong. Stem-leaves suboval short-acumi- nate entire. Branch-leaves from oval-oblong base tapering to an often longer and serrulate, sometimes circinnate acumen. Capsule cyHndric-oblong more or less curved, finally striate, somewhat large; lid acute. Tufts brown-green. Branches subju- laceous. R. fruiting. — Rocks in alp. region r. Eur. Norway less r.l Austria: Milde. France: Boulay. Spetsbergen: R. Gyllen- creutz. Anier. Can. fruiting: Macoun. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. * H.reToliitum Mitten. — Stereodon Mitt.; Hypnum Lindberg; H. Heufieri Juratzka, in part. ,>Vi>i i Leaves not circinnate, those of branches shorter-acuminate often entire. Capsules not seen. — Eur. Norwayl 2. Reptiliformia. i A. Stem pinnate creeping; paraphyllia wanting or very few. Branch-leaves denticulate; inner basal cells yellow. a. Stem-leaves entire at least below. Capsules and leaves somewhat large. Tufts green. 39.H.reptile Michaux; Schimper. — Leskea pallesceus Hedwig; Hypnum Baauvois; C. Mueller. i! a-.j^i.n-riu '>^'»jH. ci Ma'^'V;;^, h Leaves subovate acute or sometimes short-acuminate; alar cells small dusky on a narrow-triangular space, the others lan- ceolate-oblong. Capsule finally brown; pedicel short. — Rocks r. Eur. Norway: Kauriu. Amtir. Can.: Macouu. mx- 10 11 ii « i-«>i — 138 — bb. Branches green not julaceous. Branch-leaves long often circinnate; cells narrow. ' "• 42.H.p8eudo-fa8tigiatuni C. M. et Kindb. cat. Can. m. 8tem-leaves broad-ovate abruptly narrowed to a long filiform point, de(!urrent; branch-leaves ovate-lanceolate; alar cells small distinct finally brownish. Capsule pale red; lid rostellate; pe- dicel short. — Trees r. Eur. Norway near Lillehamr^ierl Sweden: H. Nordenstrcem. Amer. Can.: Macoun. 43.H.in!cro-reptile Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. — H. reptile C. M. syn., not Michaux; H, pallescens Schimp. syn., not Beauvois, also not Leskea pallescens Hedwig. Leaves and capsules smaller than in the 4 last species. Leaves ovate-lanceolate circinnate with long subulate acumen; alar cells small few hyaline. Capsule finally brown; lid and pedicel as in the last. — Rocks and trees. Eur. r. Germany: Milde. Amer. not r. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Fowler; Waghorne. U. S.: Green, com. Cardot. . r^ ,< . .i^- ■:■ B. Stem irregularly divided sparingly radiculose; paraphyllia filiform numerous. Branch-leaves gen. entire below acumen; lower basal cells often pale finally orange. 44.H.canariense Mitten. — Stereodon Mitt.r Hypnum Kindb.; H. Waghornei Kindb. cat. Canad. m. Leaves long-acuminate ovate-lanceolate circinnate; alar cells small dusky numerous, the others narrow. Capsules not seen; pedicel not long. — Trees and humid rocks r. Eur. Irel. near Killarney: Lindberg, com. Braithwaite. Amer. N. Foundl.: Wag- horne. ■' ' -"'^ :. ■i^--' '■ •■■-•■'■ ■'. • ;-^ -; 3, Imponentiformia. A. Tufts nearly eradiculose us. brown. Leaves dark-brown at insertion, long- acuminate; alar cells not large. Capsule narrow; lid long-conic rostellate. R. fruiting. / ■ , : •> > 45.H.imponens Hedwig. Leaves us. not recurved; alar cells on a short-triangular space, the others Imear. Stem-leaves entire from ovate base abruptly narrowed; branch-leaves denticulate at acumen. Capsule cylindric often nearly straight; teeth yellow; cilia appendiculate. Para- phyllia broad. Stem brown. Dioecious. Differs from H. cu- pressiforme in often circinnate leaves and their brown cells at insertion. — Rocks and logs in woods. Eur. r. Sweden less r., Germany, Switzerl.l Engl.: Holt. Amer. (»common»: Lesq. et Jam.). Can.: Macoun. - -a '* u-^.,- • B. Stem us. creeping. Tufts us. green. Capsule thick; lid 139 — short-conic not rostellate. Leaves often short-acuminate; alar cells large, basal not brown. Often fruiting. Leaves larger than in the last. 46.H.fertiIe Sendtner. '' Stem brown or brown-red; paraphyllia narrow. Leaves re- curved below; alar cells somewhat numerous finally hyaline on a short triangular space, inner lower basal gen. pale yellow. All leaves entire or denticulate only above, from ovate base nearly gradually narrowed; those of branches filiform-pointed. Capsule Hubobloj g arcuate not striate; teeth yellow above, brown below; cilia not appendiculate; lid short-pointed. Monoecious. — Earth and logs in woods r. Eur. Germany (Wuerttemberg)!; Milde. Bwitzerl.: Roell. Norway: E. Nyman 1893. Amer. Can.: Waghorne. U. S.: Roell. 47.H.canaden8e Kindb. in bull. Torr. club XVII. "" """'= Stem gen. green; paraphyllia sometimes broad. Leaves gen. not recurved; alar cells very few (one or two) hyaline impressed below the arrounded basal angles, inner basal (at insertion) finally dark-yelloAv. Stem-leaves entire or at acumen indistinctly sinuolate, from ovate-oblong base gradually narrowed to a short acumen, sometimes striate. Branch-leaves ovate-lancoolate den- ticulate nearly all around. Capsule subovate or arcuate finally striate; teeth orange; cilia us. appendiculate; lid rauticous. Dioecious. — Logs. Amer. not r. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.: J. Macoun; Moser; Waghorne. U. S.: Prof. A. G. Wetherby. 4. Callichroidea. A. Leaves denticulate. Stem creeping; paraphyllia numerous. Monoecious. 48.H.circinnale Hooker. tmr >." Leaves marked with orange stripes, red at insertion; lowest basal cells suboval, alar red subquadrate somewhat large on a nearly round space, the others linear. Stem-leaves nearly entire from ovate-oblong base tapering to a shorter acumen; branch- leaves ovate-lanceolate serrulate above, nearly entire near base. Capsule suboval or subobo^ate; teeth orange; segments pale yellow; lid apiculate; pedicel often longish. Stem red; branches plu- miform. Tufts yellowish or green. Habit of H. moUuscum. — Logs r, Amer. Pacif. distr. less r. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Hen- derson, com. Cardot. Eur. »Irel.»: Cardot in revue bryol. 49.H.Sequoieti C. Mueller. - — — ;,^ T J'. Leaves narrow ovate lanceolate long-acuminate often denticulate below and serrulate above, yellow at insertion; alar cells few ,: — 140 — roundovftl not woU-defined, the others linear. Capsule oval- oblong; teeth pale yellow; segments hyaline; lid apiculate; pedicel rshort. Tufts green. Habit of H. cupressiforme (but with small leaves). Differs from H. circinnale in brown or green longer us. irregularly pinnate stenj, not horizontally patent branches and not striped leaves. — Trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Wag- horne. , , B. Leaves entire or (sometimes in H. Dieckii) at acumen slightly denticulate; alar cells hyaline somewhat large. Stem not creeping; paraphyllia none. Dioecious r. fruiting. Capsule large. 50.H.callichrouiii Bridel. j ,, , t,<i '. . 63.H.flliforme Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. Leaves ovate with short subuinte or longer and filiform point, faintly denticulate at acumen; those of stem recurved at one side; upper cells lanceolate, lower oblong, alar few hyaline. Tufts green. Stem long pinnate; branches distant; paraphyllia broad very few. Capsules unknown. Dioecious. — Rocks r. Amer. Can. Rocky mts: Macoun. B. Leaves crowded. Tufts radiculose us. dense. a. Leaves neither recurved nor decurrent. Monoecious (exc. H. fastigiatum *dolomiHcum). < ; - •■ t , * ,> . 64.H.haniulo8um Br. eur. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or with broad-ovate base often denti- culate at acumen; lowest basal and angular cells short not well-defined, special alar scarcely distinct; other cells linear. Perichetial leaves ovate-oblong. Capsule small nearly straight not constricted. Tufts us. yellowish green. Stem us. not pinnate; paraphyllia broad. — On earth in swamps or on rocks, »in Amer. also on trees and logs» (Macoun). Eur. in alp. regions gen. r. Norway less r.l Sweden: Lindberg. Prance: Husnot. Amer. r. Alaska: J. M. Macoun. Can.: J. Macoun; Waghorne. 65.H.fa8tigiatum Bridel. Leaves smaller than in the last, ovate-lanceolate nearly gra- dually narrowed often denticulate at acumen; lowest basal and angular (alar) cells subquadrate more distinct and more nume- rous; other cells linear. Perichetial leaves long ovate-lanceolate. Capsule as in the last. Tufts green. Stem us. pinnate with narrow paraphyllia. — Rocks princ. calcareous in or below alp. regions. Eur. not r. Sweden, Norway, Switzerl.l Finl.: Brothe- rus. France: Husnot. Austria: Venturi. Amer. r. Can.: Ma- coun; Waghorne. * H.doloniiticum Milde. Leaves narrowei-, gradually subulate. Branches less crowded; paraphyllia and rhizoids few. Dioecious. — Dolomitic and schistose rocks r. Eur. Switzerl.l Austria: Milde; Venturi. GG.H.Sailteri Bryol. eur.; Husnot m. gall. Differs from H. fastigiatum: Leaves smaller and less crowded; perichetial ovate. Capsule smaller more curved faintly con- : i< H — 144 — stricted. Tufts looser, — RockB r. Eur. Norway, Switzerl.l Itnly: Molendo. .■•'•''' r.7/- , tH .i, n-ii-i'. : , ' . b. Leaves recurved to the middle at both Rides of basnl part or at one side to acumen, subdeourrent. Dioecious. GT.H.dOTrense Kindb. m6m. hoc. de Cherbourg 1884. Leaves crowded entire long-acuminate; thone of stem from oval base abruptly narrowed; upper cells sublinear, lower oblong, angular round oval, special alar hyaline larger. Capsules un- known. Tufts compact sparingly radiculose, blackish brown with green branch-tops or brown-green silver- glossy. Stem not pinnate; paraphyllia broad. — Rocks in higher alp. region r. Eur. Norway I; W. Haur. i'*-' .;?:>'i?? n;. ; ts,v»,K 8. Cupressiformia. A. Alar leaf cells very small opake often yellow or brown. Stem us. radiculose often subpinnate. Leaves often recurved below. '■ ■''.vf K'l'ifoViV ' >': 68.H.ciipre88lforme L. Leaves entire or faintly denticulate us. with ovate oblong base, often large not r. stiaight; alar cells S'" nvhat numerous on a round-quadrate space, the others us ar; costa short doul)le or indistinct. Capsule cylindric us. large and curved; cilia somewhat long not appendiculate; lid rostellate or mamil- late; pedicel us. not long. Stem brown or green often sub- pinnate; branches faintly compressed or r. subjulaceous. Very variable. — Earth, trees and dry rocks. Eur. common, r. in alp. regions. Sweden etc.! Amer. not common. Can.: Macoun; Waghorne. ■ » •*. 69.H.resiipinatum Wilson. Leaves small often serrulate above, us. nearly straight, nar- rower and longer-acuminate than in the last; upper cells lan- ceolate, alar disposed on a short-triangular space. Branch-leaves often with simple to middle reaching costa. Capsule cylindric not large often straight; cilia rudimentary; lid rostrate; pedicel short. Stem irregularly divided; branches slender. Tufts green sparingly radiculose. R. fruiting. — Trees princ. Castanea. Eur. common in Mediterr. distr. somewhat frequent near At- lantic sea in warmer distr., otherwhere r. Switzerl.l Italy: Ar- cangeli. France: Le Jolis; Husnot. Engl.: Rogers. B. Alar or all angular leaf-cells more distinct and pellucid. Stems eradiculose us. loosely cohering and irregularly divided. Leaves gen. entire and not recurved. a. Special alar leaf- cells few somewhat large. Capsule cylindric, — 145 — TO.H.complexnm Miiten. Leaves from ovaloblotip bnsp taporing 1o a fiubiilato acumen, somewhat large; inner cellfl narrow, angular round-ovnl, alar quadrate; »uppor celln slightly prominent at the upper and*: IieH(|. et Jam.*) — Amer. r ('an. N. Hrunsw.: Mosrr. ^'^ •' b. Angular leaf colls sniall. Capsules unknown. Tl.H.Vancherl Lesquereux. Leaves small; upper cells limceolate, lower basal suboblong, angular numerous not hyaline, special alar disposed on a nar- row-triangular space. Stem-leaves abruptly narrowed from broad- ovate base; branch-leaves ovate-oblong or oviitelnnceolate. Tufts yellowish green. Branches julaceous or subjulaceous. — Rocks r. Eur, princ. in alp. regions. Norway, Switzerl.! Italy: E. Adlerz. France: Boulay. Amer. N. Foundl.: Waghorne. '•' 72.H.8Ubconip1exuill Kindb. revue bryol. 1895. Differs from the last: Ijcaves larger and shorter, abruptly narrowed from subovate base; angular cells smaller and finally hyaline without 8p< ial alar. Tufts green. — Amer. r. Can. Cypress hills: Macoun. 9. Amblystegioidea. 73.H.incurTatum Schrader. — Amb!3'stegium Kindb. Laubm.; sAmblystegium enerve and Hypnum Blyttii Br. eur.»: Lindb. Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate long- subulate or ovate-oblong with filiform point, nearly entire or at acumen denticulate, often loosely disposed sometimes nearly straight; alar cells small green numerous quadrate on a narrow-tiiangular space. Perichetial leaves denticulate above with filiform point. Capsule small arcuate; lid apiculate-rostellate; cilia nodose; annulus narrow; pedicel short. Tufts bright green silky glossy or brownish, sjiaringly radiculose. Habit of Amblystegium subtile. — On rocks and walls or r. on trees. Eur. not r. below alp. regions. Swe- den, Switzerl., Italy! Amer. r. Can.: Moser; Waghorne. 74.H.depres8uluitl C. Mueller. — »H. Vaucheri»: cat. Can. m. in part. Leaves from oval-oblong base narrowed to a subulate acumen, sinuolate at base faintly denticulate above, crowded subdecur- rent; angular cells round-oval not numerous, special alar qua- drate hyaline larger. Capsule arcuate somewhat large; lid mu- ticous; pedicel somewhat long. Tufts brown- gioen. Stem sub- pinnate. — Amer. r. U. S.: Lesquereux, com. Renauld. Can.: Macoun. ! !i ■ic, *) The cells are raamiilose as in H. cupressiforme, EurhtfncJiium eiQ. P 1} '\ 146 — Fam. 14. Fontlnalaces. ^^fit^'^i^M .VI f,,,,.,,,, ., 63. Fonfinalls L. ,,,,;. ,.,^.^, tuaw-'r;^^- A. Leaves serrulate in upper part of acumen. 1. SerrifoliflB. Leaves narrow concave not conduplicate, sub- distichoup, us. distant. B. Leaves entire or nt apex slightly sinuolate. :'?.Bf >". 2. Angiistifolise. Leaves narrow us. concave subdistichous. 3. Latifolite. Leaves of stem broad us. conduplicate, some- times soon deciduous, us. tristichous. 1. Serrifolise. -^^ • ^ ■' - ' A. Leaves narrowly long-acuminate not distinctly decurrent; alar cells not large. Capsule long cylindric; lid long-conic. l.F.disticha Hooker et Wilson; Sulliv. ic. muse. t. 63. — F. microdonta Renauld ? Leaves ovate-lanceolate not convolute; upper and inner cells narrow sublinear. — Amer. r. Can. Macoun Canad. musci n. 231 (»F. Lesc-.rii»). 2.F.filiforinis Sullivant et Lesquereux. — F. disticha var. tenuior Sulliv. ic. m. tab. 64. Leaves convolute above, smaller and narrower than in the last; cells suboblong or oblong-lanceolate. — Amer. r. U. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot. B. Leaves broadly acuminate often decurrent; alar cells large. Capsule oval-oblong. a. Leaves not long-aouminate; apical cells sometimes suboval. 3.F.Lescurii Sulliv. ic. ui . t. 6 1 . — » F. flaccida lien . et Card. » : C. M. Leaves decurrent short-acuminate gen. ovate-oblong; cells gen. linear-lanceolate exc. the alar. Capsule with long-conic lid. — Atner. r. U. S.: Biendel, com. C. Mueller; Fitzgerald and Langlois, com. Cardot. Can.: Macoun. 4.F.8ulIiTantii Lindberg. — F. Lescurii ramosior Sull. ic. m. t. 62; F. Langloisii Cardot ? Leaves not distinctly decurrent, narrowly ovate-lanceolate; cells gen. suboblong or oblong-lanceolate. Capsule with short- conic lid. — Amer. r. U. S. Austin, corn. Macoun. <: ^ ■ b. Leaves long-acuminate; apical cells oblong lanceolate. 5.F.denticuIata Kindb. in HedH-igia 1897 p. 61. Leaves decurrent narrowly ovate-lanceolate, larger and longer than in the both last; cells gen. sublinear or linear-lanceolate. Capsules not seen. — Amer. r. U. S, S:t Louis: Engelmann, com. Koell, .■\ I!/!,. "M I ; f! m. t. — 147 - 2. AnguBt'foliffi. ' t« A. Leaves long-distant gen. concave. Us. dioecious. a. Leaves with broad us. obtuse acumen, decurrent. B.F.hypnoides R. Hartman, — F. Ravani Hy. >M5fttaUfc/4 tf Leaves ovate-lanceolate; alar cells well-defined, the others lanceolate. Capsule short, oval or subcylindric; teeth red; lid short-conic. Stem flaccid. Habit of Hypnum ripanum. — Logs and stones in stagnant or not rapidly running water r. Eur. Sweden!; R. Hartman; Lindberg. France: Hy, com. Le Jolis. Amer. Can : Macoun. U. S.: Roell, com. Cardot. * F.longifolia C. Jensen; Cardot monogr. Fontinal. » Leaves sharply acuminate split when old; middle cells sublinear. Capsules unknown. — Eur. r. Iceland: Feddersen*: Limpricht. n\--itiwm •■n'inm 7.F.Novap> Allg1iH>i SuUivant ic. m. — »F. tenella Ren. etCard.»: C. M.; F. Cardoti Renauld ? Differs from F. hypnoides: Leaves smaller, slightly sinuolate at apex; apical ceils suboval, alar suboblong not well-defined but impressed at angles. Capsule oval-oblong; lid long-conic. — Rivers r. Amer. Can. Brit. Col.: Macoun. ,,. ....,., * F.inTOluta Renauld et Cardot. Leaves gen. involute at borders; cells sublinear exc. the more or less distinct alar. Branches more compressed. — Amer. r. U. S.: Langlois, com. Cardot. b. Leaves narrowly long-acuminate acute often subulate, us. not distinctly decurrent. S.F.dichelymoides Lindberg. i ,-,.., • r «, .<....,>; Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate; alar cells somewhat well- defined not distinctly impressed at angles, the others narrow sublinear. Capsules unknown. Habit of Hypnum Jiuitans and Dichelyma capillaceum. — Lakes r. Eur. Finl.: Brotherus. Amer. »U. S.»: Cardot. ... > ' .A * F.micropliylla Schimper; Limpricht. ,u?0 i'o- »Leaves decurrent. Capsules unknown. — Lakes r. Eur, Germany*: Limpricht. B. Leaves gen. crowded. Dioecious or (F. haltica) paroecious. a. Leaves short, channelled in middle. . •, wty«ij-', 9.F.maritinia C. Mueller. Leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate obtuse or short-acuminate subacute; alar cells somewhat well-defined, the others narrow sublinear. Branches rigid. Capsules unknown. — Amer. r. U. S. Washington in Neah-bay of Pacific sea: Eggers, com. C. M. I '■: fl — 148 — b. i^eaves long concave; alar cells well-defined. aa. Leaves somewhat broadly ovate-lanceolate; apical cells few Buboval. f''-"J" .;'''fJTf*-.'. .- liaoTii hhh ;-tn^ij .s lO.F.squainosa L. Leaves not distinctly decurrent, subacute often with ehort point, more or less acuminate; middle cells lanceolate-linear, inner basal sublanceolate, alar impressed at angles. Capsule oval-oblong; teeth red; segments united; lid short-conic. Rocks in running water. — Eur. Germany: Schimper. Belgium: Gravet. France: Pelvet. Austria: Schmidt. Norway: Nyman. * F.Delamarei Renauld et Cardot. Capsule smaller oblong-cylindric; »teeth much shorter*: Cardot. — Amer. r. U. S. Miquelon: Delamare, com. Cardot. -^ix^r ''■'■■ bb. Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate: alar cells not impres- sed, the others uniform narrow. ll.F.dalecarlica Schimper. : -.^..^4 ;, , ,1 > .* a/ j *'■ Leaves decurrent gen. short-acuminate subacute; cells sub- lanceolate. Capsule oval-oblong; teeth orange-red; segments us. not wholly united; lid short subconvex obtuse. — Running water or lakes in northern districts. Eur. Sweden not r.l; O. Swartz; R. Hartman. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Fowler. 12.F.baltiCa Klinggrfcff. '' ^--'--''.'r^ r, cH'IOV/?- .:<;r,;; • »Differs from the last: Leaves subulate long-acuminate. Peristomial teeth red; lid conic acute. Paroecious. — Lakes r. Eur. Germany*: Limpricht. lo.F.seriata Lindberg. » ,-,.•>-! Leaves us. not distinctly decurrent, long-acuminate often subulate with a short half- twisted point; cells sublinear. Cap- sules unknown. — Rivers r. Eur. Sweden: Conr. Lidebetou, detector of this species. 3. Latifoliae. ■ •■(■-■'■■ ^' A. Leaves of stem distant very concave inflated decurrent, sometimes conduplicate; cell-walls sinuous. H.F.Heldreichii C. Mueller. Stem us. simple; its leaves cymbiform subcinnilar obtuse obtusate or short-acuminate; alar cells not well-defined, the others sublanceolate. Capsules unknown. — Rivulets in alp. region r. Eur. Greece: Heldreich. B. Leaves of stem distant, plicate in middle, decurrent us. conduplicate; cells subf usiform not sinuous at walls. Us. dioecious. a. Endostome completely canoollate. Stem without special branchlets, ' ■ .............. ... , .. ^ .^ >.. ^ . ... ,. ,. , — 141) — '■ I 15.F.antipyretica L. — F. Howellii Ren. et Card. ? r'ni?'! Leaves of stem ovate-oblong with gen. obtuse not long acumen; alar cells brown gen. not well-defined, the others us. sublinear- fusiform. Branch-leaves us. not much narrower. Perichetial leaves us. obtuse. Capsule oval or oval-oblong r. round-oval; teeth red; lid obtuse subconvex or short-conic. Very variable. — A var. with broader leaves and wider cells often is mistaken for F. gigantea SuUiv.; its leaves are often copper reddish. — Common in running water, r. in marshes and in alp. regions. Eur. SwedenI Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S : Delamare, com. Cardot. . MyA\ v-y^pin m ^';5i; * F.g^racilis Lindberg. Leaves moi<^ heteromorphous; the vernal of stem soon deci- duous, those of branches us. as narrow as in F. dalecarlica. Capsule often roundovfl. Eur. probably not r. Sweden! Finl.: Lackstrcem, com. Brotherus. Austria: Venturi. ,,,,> *F.arvernica Renauld. » Leaves oblong- lanceolate, sometimes with 2 — 5 teeth at apex, — Lakes r. Eur. France: Renauld »: Cardot 1. c.M,, •ir;.;,''- * F.califoruica SuUivant. ,,. * / ;,;,,/ Leaves often less distinctly conduplicate, gen. broad and nearly uniform; alar cells more distinct subhyaline. — Stagnant wa- ter r. Amer. U. S.: Bolasnder, com. C. Mueller and J, Cardot. * F.Durisei Schimper. ,..-;( n^f.*^.;-' Huu\\t^vr. ici^\iff \tc.n, Leaves as in last bubspecies but slightly denticulate at apex; apical cells suboval, middle sublanceolate. Eur. r. France: Espagne, com. Husnot. {Africa: Darieu, com. Husnot.) Amer. »U. S.»: Cardot. * F.lslandica Cardot. ■._,., .!>•- u'-. ._-■'■•-.- .-iu^^) ,.:, lor/-- » Leaves narrower, sharply longacuminate; areolation irregular. Eiir. lceland»; Cardot. ... =.,. , ,. .,,,,..>.., * F.sparsifolia Limpricht. » Leaves lanceolate-linear. Peristomial teeth yellowish red. Habit of F. antip. '^gracilis but more slender. — Eur. Norway: Bryhn»: Limpricht. .-.i^f • 'i=' ,:-;(a ; ^^i. * F.androgyna Ruthe. » Leaves slightly decurrent; alar cells well-defined. Paroecious. — Eur. Germany: Ruthe»: Limpricht. .. ,.; •,< if ..u.v.. > IB.F.neomexicaiia Sullivant et Lesqucreux; SuU. ic. m. — »F. antipyretica var.»: Cardot. Differs from F. antipyretica: Leaves less distant and longer- de.currenti bright green or yellowish glossy; alar cells well-defiued. N .V — 150 — Perichetial leaves abruptly narrowed to a longish Bubulate acu- men. — Streams r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.; Henderson, com. Cardot. '•'• .'.-ivr'Uv ?;■>■/' I'yn ..n-^ !is,,:ij ,<;.:»:.■ •(.»;,<■ IT.F.gothica Cardot et Arnell. Leaves of stem ovate obtuse sometimes canaliculate or less conduplicate; apical cells few suboval, alar faintly brown well- defined impressed at angles. Branch-leaves narrow. Capsules unknown. — Stagnant water r. Eur. Sweden: O. Nordstedt. b. Endostome cancellate only near apex. Stem with special short branchlets; their leaves small sublinear subobtuse convo- lute in upper half. IS.F.bifbrmis SuUivant icon, muscor. .)4v '^i* Ji- ^iif^ni^.i-r Vernal stem-leaves distant obtuse entire ovate or oblong, concave or conduplicate, soon deciduous; alar cells not well- defined, the others narrow sublinear. Estival stem-leaves crow- ded narrowly ovate-lanceolate subacute long-decurrent, slightly denticulate at apex and gen. short-acuminate; apical cells sub- oval, the others lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate exc. the alar. Capsule oblong-cylindric; lid long-conic. — Streams r. Amer. Can.: Macoun. U. S.: Sullivant, com. C. Mueller and J. Cardot. C. Leaves of stem nearly crowded and not often distinctly decurrent, sometimes subconcave not conduplicate, ^'-^ '- a. Leaves of stem very obtuse obtusate not distinctly recur- rent. Stem without special branchlets. 19.F.gigantea SuUiv. icon, m.; Kindb. rev. bryol. 1895. ' Stem-leaves round-ovate very large and broad, not often conduplicate; apical cells suboval, middle suboblong. Branch- leaves ovate- oblong short-acuminate or obtusate. Capsule broad- oval; lid obtuse. Confounded with large states of F. antipyre- tka. — Running water r. Amer. Can.: Macoun Canad. musci n. 228. *F.inollis C. Mueller in Bot. Centralblatt. Stem -leaves broad-ovate very crowded not decurrent, plicate in middle but not conduplicate; upper cells suboval, middle lanceolate. Capsules unknown. — Rivers r. Amer. U. S. Paclf, distr.: Roell, com. C. Mueller. b* Leaves of stem and larger branches long-acuminate subu- late, often decurrent. Stem with small branchlets (as in F. bi- formis); their leaves oval-oblong very small. 20.F.Kindberg!i Renauld et Cardot; Limpricht. — F. chryso- phylla Cardot '? Leaves often copper-brown and glossy; cells narrow. Stem- leaves ovate-lanceolate sometimes conduplicate; branch-leaves ibu- bi- — 151 — concave not plicate. Cnpsnle oblong-cylindric; lid conic; teeth red. — Ponds r. Amer. Can. Vane, isl.: Macoun Canad. muBci n. 233. »U. S.» Cardot. Eur. »France, Italy, Austria*: Cardot. 64. Dichelyma Myrin 4 A. Leaves us. nearly straight, upper obtuse or subobtuse; costa not excurrent. Endostome not or only at apex cancellate. 1 .D.pallescens Br. eur. — Neckera leucoclada C. M. syn. Upper leaves denticulate below, serrate above. Capsule oval- oblong; pedicel short-exeerted. Tufts olive-green. — On wet logs or on base of trees r. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moser; Fowlei*. B. Leaves subulate falcate; costa excurrent or r. (in D. cy- lindrkarpum) percurrent. a. Pedicel of capsule not exserted above perichetial leaves. Endostome not or only at apex cancellate. "'•^t'' 2.D.capillaceuili Dickson. — Fontinalis Dicks.; Dichelyma Schimp. Upper leaves entire; costa long-excurrent. Capsule oval-oblong, Tufts green or blackish. Leaves smaller than in D. falcatum. — Trees and logs by ponds or in rivulets r. Eur. Sweden: C. Hartman; Lindberg; Berggren. Amer. Can.: Macoun; Moeer; Drummond n. 234. b. Pedicel long-exserted. Endostome completely cancellate. 3. D. falcatum Hedwig. — Fontinalis H.; Dichelyma Myrin. Leaves somewhat large, upper entire below and serrate above; costa short-excurrent. Capsule oblong-cylindric. Habit of Hyp- num ftuitans. — Swamps, lakes and brooks in northern districts. Eur. Sweden and Norway not r.l Germany very r.: Schiffner. Amer. r. Can.: Labrador: Waghorne. 4.D.uncinatuin Mitten. ? ; : Leaves smaller than in the last; upper denticulate b'H''^hr^- . 39 Hypnum 124 Isothecium 33 Page Lescursea 25 Leskea 25 Leucodon 6 Lindbergin 13 Macounielia Meteorium Myrinia . Myurella ,#.....♦. 21 21 26 Myurium 124 Neckera 15 Neckeropsis . . . . mmnsn.xSQ' Papillaria 31 Plagiotliecium 69 Platygyrium .... .' , ' 81 Platyloma .... «? i«H\ H^ Porotrichum . . . !;4» vH V^ Pseudoleskea 49 Pseudoleskeella 47 Pterobryuin IB Pterogonium ...... 39 Pterygophyllum . . -r^i}^ . 28 Pterygynandrum . • Mtt ");• sA Pylaisia W Pylaisiella 63 Raphidostegium 63 Rhyncbostegiuin . . . ... . 66 Stereophyllum ,;, Hftm'^* ;^J " ^* Taxithelium Thamnium . . Tbelia . . . . Thuidium . . Tripterocladium 69 . . .^F. 48 i-*Mr,.'''i . . 38 • 'iU » .. .bit ijittwi'*. -S— (*»- •^.'^.^ anceo- ; cells much '; eeg- 1 long Logs Page 25 25 6 13 21 21 26 45 124 15 20 21 69 31 79 20 49 47 15 39 23 24 59 62 62 66 74 69 43 23 54 31