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I

SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS.

254

,,- T TOP/ pY

S Y N O P S I ^'^''?Sr "'""

■ DEPT. OF AGR,
OTTAWA

OF

AMERICAN WASPS.

BY
Dr. HENRI DE SAUSSURE,

OF GENEVA, SMITZERLAND-

SOLITARY WASPS. ^1^4'^'^ COUPfR

Naturalist « TExidBtniisi

WASHINGTON:
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.

DECEMBER, 1875.

LIBRARY

E^iTrMOL0C.0AL BRANCH

ADVERTISEMENT.

The present publication is the first part of a Synopsis of
American Ycspidtc or Wasps, prepared by Dr. Henri Do Sans-
sure of Geneva, Switzerland, one of tlie highest living authorities
on the subject.

This work relates to the " Solitary Wasps," and has been the
result of many years of careful study and patient investigation.
Unforeseen events have occurred to delay its publication, in addi-
tion to the loss of time occasioned by the necessity of transmit-
ting the proofs and revises to the author in Europe.

In the introduction will be found suggestions by the distin-
guished author as to the philosophy of points of natural history,
well worthy the attention of the general students of this branch
of science, and the whole worK will duubtless be considered a
valuable addition to the sources of knowledge on entomology.

The Institution acknowledges the important aid rendered in
the translation of the work into English, its careful preparation
for the press and the revision of the proof-sheets, by Mr. Edward
Norton of Farmington, Conn., whose services have also been
acknowledged in the annexed dedication by the author.

JOSEPH HENRY.

Secretary S. I.

Smithsonian iNSTirtrTioN,

Washington, December, 1875.

(H)

PHILADELPHIA
00LLI.N8, PRIKTBR.

X S 6

DEDICATION.

To Mr. Edward Norton.
Sir :—

I am desirous of dedicatinj; to you this first attempt to draw
up a Hymonopterological Fauna of North America. The un-
flagging interest you have kindly taken in this work cmbohlens
me to hope that you will accept ray offering.

The readiness with which you placed at my service your col-
lections, and the assistance of your valuable instructions, wore
already sufficient claims to my gratitude. Your kindness in
taking upon yourself the task of translator makes me feel more
strongly the extent of my obligations to you.

It is for me a subject of regret that my imperfect acquaint-
ance with the English language has not permitted mo to relievo
you from the trouble of this work. Had I been capable of
composing this book in the idiom in which it is to appear
before the public, the many hours of enjoyment I have had in
writing it would not be contrasted with the many tedious hours
it is likely to occasion you.

Beside the peculiar charm which the study of nature ever
possesses, the drawing up of this monograph has wafted me in
thought to those regions of the New World which have, since I
was a child, allured me with an irresistible spell. While conning
over my insects, many a remembrance has loomed before my
mind, and transported me to those thought-inspiring and soul-
stirriog scenes of your magnificent country. As a Swiss, I felt

(iii)

i7

DEDICATION,

a secret pride in reflecting that its institutions are analogous
to those of my own dear country, iiud that tiie graniicur of its
pliysical scenery and tlie iutellcctuul life whicii animates all
classes of its pople, have their counterpart in Helvetia,

For me it is a source of satisfaction to be able to contril)ute,
in my liumble splicre, to the extension of the physical knowledge
of that part of the American continent, whose natural riches
wo arc daily more and more able to appreciate, thanks to the
untiring zeal of its scientific men.

I trust, sir, you will deign to read these lines with an indul-
gence equal to the sincerity with whicli they are addressed to
you, and rhat you will see in them a pledge of my gratitude and
devotedness.

HENRI De SAUSSURE.

Gbseva. Switzerland, 1 May, 1SG3.

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(1

PREFACE.

I PUBLISHED in 1852 my Monograjih on the Solitari/ TP'ox/^s;'
wliicli forms the lirst voluiuo of my bJtudu-ti on tin- Famibj of Ihc
Veapidue.'^ As soou as that work was priutoil, I percoivecl that
it was very imperfoct.

I was still a more student when I composed the greater part
of this book ; it boars too evident marks of its premature pul>li-
cation. I consequently felt the necessity of correcting and com-
pleting it by means of a Supplement which occupies the greater
part of the third volume of the Studies ou the Family of the
A^espidie. This, however, was insufFicient.

To the imperfections in the MS. of the work, attributable to my
inexperience, were added those of the form. I had the misfortune
to fall into the hands of a printer wlio not only delayed for years
the publication of the work, but who also executed it in a shame-
ful manner, neglecting to nmke proof corrections, and printing
the notes in the midst of the text.

Having lost all patience with the delay and errors of the work,
I turned my back on the social wasps and stjarted for America,
leaving to the care of my excellent and worthy friend. Dr. Siebel,
who had often aided me with his skill and advice, the task of
superintending the impression. Two years after, o.n my return
to Europe, I found that only three or four sheets had been printed,
and that the third volume was only on the eve of being (inishvd,
and it was not until 1857 and 1858 that the volume on the social
wasps was completed, by the appearance of the general part, in
which were developed the facts concerning the nidification of these
insects, of which a summary alone had appeared in 1 853 and 1854,
in the explanation of the plates, and in a special paper. But

' Mcnofiraphie d«s Gutp^s Solitaires. Oen6ve, Paris.
« Etudes sur la Famillo des Vespidea, 3 vols, and atlas.

(v)

vi

I'UEFACE.

during the tlirco yoars, while tlio luiuiiisfript had linfrcred in the
hands of Uk; printer, tliero had apin'ared a memoir, by Dr. .Miibius,
on Wasps' Nests, so tliat uiy vvorli, at tlic time of its publieation,
was in arrear of science.'

To these contingen.'ies I must a(Ul tlio death of the artist M,
Vaillant,^ of so interesting memory, during the pulilication of the
first volume. The succecMling drauglitsnien, by wljom I replaced
Inni, were far from equalling him, and have often produced infe-
rior, sometimes even i>ad drawings.''

It will be easily understood that all these vicissitudes liavc noi
a little eontriliuted to render the work defective. From the very
first, 1 have felt the necessity of recasting it. But as I could not
undertake fresh journeys to visit the collections in distant
centres, Paris, London, etc., I have adopted another method,
which consists in correcting and completing my studies on the
Family of the Vespida> by means of successive memoirs, result-
ing from the study of collections, which are kindly communi-
cated to me.* All these works, together, will perhaps enable
uic one day to rccomposo a general work. An excellent op|)or-

' Wlien, at leiicth, th(* work was completed \>y the tardy appearance
of the geueral part of the Uil volume, Mr. Qerstacker spoke of this general
part iu his annual report on the progress of Kntoniology (Troschel's
Archives), calling it, I know not for what reason, the coniuieucemeiit of a
fourth volume. He reproache<l it disparagingly for not noticing recent
works. True it is, he could not guess that it was an old laggard which
had bei'U some years in press.

2 Mr. Vaillant was the artist attached to the scientific exploration of
Algeria.

3 The drawings of the PI. XVI, of Tome I, are in particular very bad.
* I have thus composed the following memoirs, forming, as it were, a

siipplenient to my Studies on the Vespiihn: —

1. Dpsiription dp. queJquea notivelles Especia Je Vespides du MiisSede Lon-
dres. (Revue de Zoologie, VII, ISf).').)

2. NonveauT Vespides du Me.riqiie et de VAm^rique septentrional e. (Revue
de Zoologie, IX, 1857.)

3. Nide sur la Famille des Vespides. (Ibid., X, 1858.)

4. Note sur les Poli'ites Americains. (Ann. Soc. Ent. de France, 1857.)

5. Description de quelqnes Vespides nouveaux. (Ibid., 1857.)

6. Bfmerkungen ilbcr die gattnug Vespa. (Entomol. Zeitung von Stettin,
1857.)

7. Sur divers Vespides Asiatiques et Ajricains du Musie de Leijden. (Ibid.,
18G2.)

rilEFACE.

Til

ttuiity of oxteiuling my Uiulies on tlic "\Vns|)s olTeroil itself when
tlio Siuitlisoiiiiiu Institution was pieust'il to connnission nic to
cstaljlish tlie I'uunu of tlio Il\ inennptera of Nortli Aiucrira, I
was iilrcady in possession of numerous nmieriais for tlie drawiu;?
upof sueli a worlv. I iiud brouulil from tliat eoulinent ('onsi(leral)lo
collections, the fruits of my exjiloiutions in Wesl India, Mexico,
und the United States. I had likewise ac(piii"ed eoUoclions of
Ilymcnoptenv in my passage through this lailer country, of Mr.
Katlivon (Ijaucaster, I'a.), Mr. Fueh (Tennessee), and others.
I'rof. IlaUlemann kindly made nie a present of the remnants of
his splendid collection, unfortunately almost destroyed. To these
niateriahs whicii 1 had got together as I went along, there camo
to be added later, the C(jlle(!tioiis which the Smitlisonian Institu-
tion forwarded me from dilferent regions of the United States.'
But I owe a special mention to my friend Mr. Edw. Norton, of
Farmington, Ct)nneclicut, an excellent entomologist, who afforded
me the most valuable assistance for the work to whicli these
lines serve as ftu introduction, and who with extreme kind-
ness offered to undertake the transUition of this volume himself.
Fimilly, I have, moreover, received some parcels of insects direct
from divers friends, especially from Tennessee, from Engincur do
Freudenreich Falconnet, Engineer on the Nashville llailroad,
and since then Major in the Confederate Army; from California,
through Mr. Berton, Swiss trader at St. Francisco, and by Mr.
Sutter.

Notwithstanding all those contributions, the collections which
I myself brought from America still form the staple of my mate-
rials; but these sul)se(iucnt additions are very useful complements.
I, therefore, avail myself of this opportunity to thank publicly

• Hymenoptera from Rock Island, Ponth Illinois, colleuted by Kenniuott.
" " t'roin Illinois, colleotefl by Walsh.
" " fron» LakH Superior, collwoted by L. Aga.ssiz.
" " from Williauistowii, Massachusetts, collected by S. H.

ScurMer.
" " of the Cape St. Lucas, California, collected by John

Xantns.

*' " from Rio Peros River, collected by Capt. Pope, U. S. A.,

and various other Hymenoptera collected at Fort

Tejon, California; Englisli River, etc.

The first five collections had been formed by individuals in the interest

of science; the others by explorations carried on by order of government.

Till

PllEFACE.

iili the nl)<)V'o-m('iilioii('(l persons tor llio nssistancr which thry
have kindly alVunlcd mo. Aniunj.' liifin I ought to niimo osimc-
ially, I'rof. Henry, as director of tho Smitlisoiiiaii Iiislitiiiion, and
Prof. IJaird, who liavt^ always wliowii \uv. tlii! greatest kinihiess.

1 onght, however, to inforii the reader that, notwitlistandiiig so
niiicii lu'lp, tlio work docs noteonlaiii all the species of America.
I myself possess divers individuals, which, without otferinj^
eliaracleristics distinct enough to l)o deseril)ed from one indi-
vidual, nevertheless Ix'triiy the existence of species yet unknown.
Moreover, the larger piirt of the smaller species seem till now to
have liallled tho researches of eoliectors. I do not hcsitiito to
affiriii, that, had I Itccii ahio to collect uiidisturlicdiy in the United
States, I should very likely have brought l)ack Ironi that country
a nunil)er of sinall sitecies as considerable as that which I have
brought from Mexico.

IJut it is in tlu! natural progress of science to advance gradu-
ally tt)wards completeness; and conscipu'iilly, it is tho lot of
books (jf science to grow olil and become obsoli'to ; iind thus, in
their turn, to give way to more complete works. I do not, there-
fore, consider this monograph, incomplete as it may be, without
its use. I am not one of those who suppose it possible to
exhaust a subject of investigation. On the contrary, I am of
opinion that in entomology, as well as in the other branches of
science, nothing perfect, nothing absolutely complete, can bo
accomplished, seeing that everything in nature is undefined. The
naturalists who think the contrary, and who are induced constantly
to put off the pul)lication of their labors from believing they
shall wholly complete them, succeed but too often in losing the
fruits of their studies; either because their writings grow old
while lying I)y, or because the authors are overtaken by death.
The {proper method in tho study of nature is not that of per-
fection, but, on tho contrary, that of approximation. IJecauso
from approximation to ipproximation, wo are always getting
nearer exactness and completeness, without ever attaining extreme
perfection. In that precisely consists the progress of science, and
that also it is which gives to its horizon the depth of infinitude.

IMlKtAfE.

ix

Tlio forctroiiiff wns writti'ii smihc yonrs npn. In isr.f) iho
nuiiiiiscript uf lliu iiKMiioir was smt to tlic Smitlisoiiiiiii litstitu-
tioii.

Its publinUion wixs nt first dcliiyi'd l»y tln' itrcssurc (tf utlicr
iimttor, tlicii l»y uii uiirin'tuniito lire wliicli i'iiil)iiri'iiss('(l the liiniiiccs
of llic Iiistilutiidi, 1111(1 lastly [\w slow ilt'lays l»rlow iiK'iitioncd.

Tlio l)ook has lieeii iii tho press syveral years, in eoiisecineneo
of the }^reat loss of time caused l)y tho traiisiiiissioii of the proofs
from Ktirope to America, and rii-r virsn.

Ill eoiisetnieMco of this lonj.' period of waitiiif^, 1 have lieeti
obliired to make a feview of the manuscript in refereiic«' to tho
writin<rs of various eiitoimdojjists, especially those of Mr. Cnssoii,
which have heen pul)lishe(l from year to year, and have elMi!iy;ed
the names of tho species which I had descrilied and have adopted
the names jriveii iiy this author. I have not been aide, however,
to tak(( account ol' the more recent writings of Mr. Cresson, on
tho nymonoptera of Texas, which only came to my knowledge
when tho jjriiiting of this book w^s almost linished.

The reader will excuse certain irregularities, consequent upon
the dilliciilty of putting a work into perfect symmetry which was
to be printed on the other siih^ of the Atlantic. Hence the author
has never had but a part of his work belbro his eyes at a time,
during tho long course of this publication. Fi»r e.viimplc, it will
be noticed in the Hynonymy that my work, "Etudes Bur la Famille
des Ycspidcs" is sometimes cited " Kt. Yesp.," sometime;; only
"Vespides." So with the "Hevuc et Magazine do Zoologie," it
is sometimes cited " Rev. et Mag, de Zoo'og.," and sometimes
simply " Rev. de Zool."

The larger part of tho book was written in French, and has
been translated and corrected by Mr. Fdward Norton. I owe
to this naturalist also various communications and frequent send-
iugs of iusocts, which have been of great use to me.

H. De SAUSSURE.

1

INTRODUCTION.

I PROPOSE in this volume, not to give a general history of the
Wasps of America, but only to lay the fuundaliouti of the fauna
of the Vespiclae of that continent, principally of North America.
I leave aside whatever concerns the habits of these insects, on
which we have but insufficient information, and I shall confine
myself to speaking of them with resjjoct to the genera or species
which offer salient peculiarities.

This work is not to be taken for a mere catalogue of species,
of no further use than to satisfy curiosity. I think that modern
zoology ought to tend towards another aim. The existence of
species, the composition of fauna, their relations with the parts
of the globe which they populate, are not merely accidental facts.
In my opinion, we must therein detect the last material and tan-
gible manifestation of physiological forces, elucidating the study
of which belongs to the domain of the highest natural philosophy.
By him who adopts this view of the sulyect, a far-searching study
of species ought to be considered as one of the bases from which
the search after the origin of species mnv Ptart.

It would seem that in zoology we should take for a starting,
point the actually existing forms in which life manifests itself ami
to ascend from them up to the primitive stock; just as in geology
we start from the actual existing structure of rocks and from tl.e
external configuration of the soil, to f,.llow up the concatenation
of the ancient events which have brought about as a last result
the present state of the earth's crust.

The study of species ought especially to serve as a means of
revealing to us their variations and the affinities between them.
These affinities point to a common relationship, which is to be
explained only by a direct affiliation of the types. The study of

( -^i )

' r»W

XII

INTRODUCTION.

forms eoinbinuil with that of tlioir googruphical distribution, eonies
aftervvartls to throw light on the cause of the filiation which the
gniduatctl resemblances of the species servo to reveal to us. It
shows that this liliation obeys laws which have also their regu-
larity, in so far as they are intimately connected with the physical
laws which hold sway in every region of our gl(;be.

Toward these grand philosophical queries, zoology ought
in our time to tend, and species should be studied with a view
to the solution of uch questions. As in geology, the study of
the actual existing state of the earth's crust, and the appreciation
of the phenomena that there take place, of tuo intimate trans-
formation of rocks, of the mechanical disturbance of the layers,
of their reconstruction under new forms, allows us to draw an
inference by analogy as to the more ancient transformations, and
the agents which have produced them; so the study of species,
and of their actual existing tnuisfornuxtions seems likely to enable
us to follow up the chain of these transfuiiuations to a point more
or less close to their origin.

The definition of the fust divergences observable iu the perma-
nent varieties which may be considered as naxcent species, in
order to ascend afterwards to the relationship of species separated
by divergences more and more profound, such is, we deem, the
point of view under which we should never neglect to study
species.

Zoology, only when considered from this point of view is
philosophical. It has not its aim in itself; it serves only as a
means to sift questions of a higher order. Xow entomology is
precisely the one of the branches of zoology, in which the .study
of the filiation of species may become the most fruitful in results,
either on account of the multitude of ramifications of general
types and of the multiplicity of forms under which each type
appears, or on account of the smallness of the breaks which sepa-
rate genera and species, or also on account of the immense variety
of forms and of the facility with which species seem to become
modified in proportion as they spread over the surface of the
globe in diverging ways. Thanks to all these causes, it is not
difTicnlt to find examples of every kind of filiation, not difficult
either to follow over latitudes certain still recent modifications
which allow us to draw an inference by analogy as to other

INTRODUCTION.

-Mil

modifications more profound because tliey are more ancient, than
as to others of a de}i;ri!e still more advanced.'

As may be anticipated from what precedes, my principal pur-
pose in producing this work is to study the American fauna with
a view to its origin. IJut this is a work of time which can-
not be completed utf-hand. The first thing to be done is to
study the species carefully, to arrange them according to a good
classification, and to describe their affinities. That is the funda-
mental preparatory labor. I do not pretend to overstep those
limits in this monograph. The knowledge of the American
fauna is not yet enough advanced to allow us to draw an infer-
ence with certainty as to the affinities of the species among
themselves so as to prejudge their filiation. However, I have
made more than one remark on this toi>ic, and I will hazard a few
words on the matter when speaking of genera and species. ]Jut
1 reserve for another work the statement of comparisons which
seem to me to cast some light on the dispersion of the Vespidte
on the surface of the globe and on the modifications which have
been worked off under diverse latitudes; in other terms, ou the
origin of actual existing fauna.

The complex affinities of species, and still more the filiations
which arise from these affinities, become obvious to the eye only
when one has ucquired a perfect knowledge of the sj)ecies and
genera of a fauna. To seize them in all their extent, it is neces-
sary to know, as it were, all the species of the group by heart
in order to be able to take it in at a glance, or to examine at
pleasure each part in the picture that one has formed in one's
memory. Only when one has attained this point in the study of
a group, is it possible, from the inspection of a species, to feel
its affinities ; for they do not always appear in the more easily

' Unfortnnatply, in our times tht^ e;r<>at-r number of entomologists liavp
deviated too far from this philosopliioal path. They have turned ento-
molojry into a sort of amusement wliich has for ol)ject tlie discovery of
new species; which loses itself in minuti», and at the bottom of which
there exists no thought. Thanks to this tendency, collecting has ceased
to be the means, and has become the otiject. In becoming an amusement
entomology has gradually lost caste ; it has fallen into the hands of daw-
dlers, and thus lost a part of its scientific character. This transformation
has led men, who aim at reaching an elevated rank in science, to be too
much inclined to withdraw from the fi'ld of entomology.

XIV

INTRODUCTION.

appreciable characteristics. Tiiey often discover themselves in
certain characteristics of appearance, which are at times of great
importance, but which are not seized at a glance, or in certain
relationships of form, which a long pract'ce teachea one to dis-
tinguish easily, though they can scarcely be defined.

The first basis of philosophical zoology is the profound knowl-
edge of the detail of fauna. To give as complete an idea as
possible of the fauna of the Vespid^e of America is the purpose
of this volume.

FLAN OF THE WORK.

The plan which I have decided on, in drawing up this work, is
the following: —

I give, as much as possible, a complete description of the
species which belong to the fauna of North America, considering
as such all those which people the new continent to the north
of the isthmus of Fanama, including likewise tiie Antilles. This
work is, therefore, more especially a monograph of the Yespida)
of the United States, of Mexico, and of the Antilles. Besides, I
have added, as a complement, a catalogue of all the species
known till now in the rest of America, and have found it a great
advantage in the classification, the method thus becoming more
complete. Moreover, this plan allows me to enunciate views on
the geography of insects, on the dispersion of the species, and on
the modifications which take rise under the influence of diverse
latitudes.

I have confined myself, among the species of South America,
to cataloguing them, not having sufficient materials to make a
monograph. However, for those of which I had the types
beneath my eyes I have given Latin diagnoses, in order to
describe them in a comparative manner with respect to the
surrounding species, and, also, in order to complete my anterior
studies on these insects, to review them and render the use more
easy.

I think myself bound to add here, that, as to my method of
description, I describe the species as far as possible in a relative
manner. Descriptions made in an absolute sense have always
appeared to me less useful, because they insist on many useless
characteristics and often omit the most important. The reader

INTRODUCTION.

XV

will not be surprised, therefore, at my not repeating:, with respect
to genera, the characteristics peculiar to every si)ccies or to the
greatest number of them. In short, there are still other charac-
teristics which I pass over, considering them rather useless either
on account of their constancy (such as the presence of silky hairs
on the tibia)) or on account of their variableness, such as the color
of the lower surface of the al)domen.

Descriptions are often made prolix by means of these super-
fluous indications, and thus the essential characteristics are
drowned in useless developments. In this way, precision is
diminished instead of being increased. Doubtless, hero again
nothing is absolute. Certain isolated species may be suflicienily
characterized by some salient traits, while others surrounded by
very closely connected species, require minute descriptions.^ The
first condition of good comparative diagnoses resides in a wise co-
ordination of the species which by way of exclusion may lead to
choosing only between a small number of species. Though I do
not like to find fault, I cannot, however, on this score, help com-
plaining of the works in which the species, though described in
an absolute manner (that is, by themselves and not comparatively
with others) are jumbled up together without order, without
division of genera, often in defiance of the most salient character-
istics.

Such works, got up in a hurry, the plans of which arc laid
down with a view to the convenience of the authors and not for
that of the readers, cause the latter to lose much valuable time
with no great result. They do not come up to the precision now
required by the progress of science, and they are therefore behind
their time. The reader cannot occupy his mind with incomplete
works, nor can he waste his time in striving to find out species
which are not to be found out ; for there is no doing impossibilities.

In most of my descriptions, I have been especially attentive to
the forms and characteristics of the forms and carving, attributing

' Absolute an<i vfvy detailed descriptions ous^lit, in my opinion, to be
employed, when one describes species isolatedly, without knowii.g the
most closely connected types (for instance, in the publication of geot^ra-
phical expeditions). It is the monographer's duty to eliminate, from these
descriptions, both the commonplace and the useless. But in a mono-
graph, the species are to be examined iu a comparative manner, and rela-
tively to the adjacent types.

XVI

INTRODUCTION.

to the color only a secondiuy importance, on account of lis fre-
quent variableness. However, there is nothing absolutely fixed
in nature; the forms and the sculpture likewise vary within
certain limits. Therefore the descriptions can be only averages
deduced from a certain number of individuals. The description
should represent, as it were, the algebraical formula of the
species, or its ideal type. It is not required that this should tally
with the individual, but, on the contrary, that it should represent
the average of the characteristics of the ensemble of individuals.
15ut in practice, the description can never be so perfect, since it
is drawn from a certain number of individuals and not from the
ensemble of the individuals that represent the si)ecies. It is for
the reader to know how to seize the connection that exists between
the description and the heterogeneous individuals which he
may have beneath his eyes. In a word, my method of description
aims above all at generalizing, and requires that the reader slutuld
generalize likewise. It can hardly suit the amateur inclined to
lose himself in a multiplicity of details, for whom the collection
takes the place of nature, and for whom the determination of an
individual is the final purpose of the study of a species.

From the principles just laid down, it follows that in the extreme
subdivisions of genera, I have usually preferred the characteristics
taken from the form to those taken from the color. Undoubtedly
it is less convenient for the reader, for the natural method is
always less easy to follow than the empirical systems; never-
theless, I think that it is preferable to proceed in that wise, for
whatever may be done to seek the natural method, a large portion
of empiricism is sure to remain, as I shall endeavor to show in
the study concerning the filiation of the species. We cannot,
therefore, abstain too carefully from classification of empirical
elements.^

' It is uecessary t') obsorve on this liead that no absolute rule can be
laid down as to tli« subordination of characteristics. To be sure, forma
varying less than colors, they offer, in general, cliaracteristics more im-
portant than the latter; but tliere is, liowever, now and then a case in
which the colors are more fixed than certain forms, and assume a real
importance — for instance, as being the stamp peculiar to a certain geo-
graphical zone. Tiius, the division Hi/pnciijnerits (genus Odynerus), which
depends greatly on the colors and facies, and which comprises the most
divergent forms. In this case, the livery becomes the stamp of a fauna,

INTHODUCTION.

XVU

DIVERSE Or.8EllV.\TIOXS

COSCEUNIKO THE

STUDY OF IIYMENOPTERA IN GENKRAL AND THAT OP THE
VESPIDiE IN PARTICULAU.

Obser'vations relative to the Synonymij.

1st. I make it a rule always to respect tlie most ancient name ;
however, if it is wroncclv constructed and if it can bo rectifietl
without inconvenience, I do not scruple to correct it. Thus I
spell lilnjnchium instead of Ithygchium Latr. — Odynerus Bus-
telloai instead of 0. liuddlos Sauss., etc.

2d. When two different names have been affixed at the same
date to the same species, I prefer that of the two which has been
employed by the next subsequent author.

3d. I add the name of the author of a species only to it.-^ spccijin
name. Consequently when the genus ehang-cs, I nevertheless
maintain for the species the name of the author Mho first named
it. Thus, I write: Odyneriis i-dens Liu., although Linmeus has
described this species under tho name Vcsjm 4:-dens.

3Iontezumia Leprieurii Spin., although Si)inola has described
the species under tho name of Odyncrus Leprieurii.

Otherwise no author's name would long keep its ground;
besides those who act differently do so in order to substitute
their own names for that of the primitive describer. Such a
proceeding cannot be too strongly censured.

Let it not be said that there are drawbacks to the advantages
of that nomenclature, for if it be desirable to know the complete
name as given by the first author, it will be found, such as it is,
in the synonymy.

4th. I admit neither collection names, nor manuscript names,
nor in letleri.H names. I admit for author's name only the name
of hira who has first described the species or genus.

Any other manner of acting becomes the source of profitless
research and of waste of time. Whoever is anxious to affix his

and is very important. In the succession of species it is generally observed
that the colors vary much, even when the forms? remain fixed (or vary
less); but there are other cases in which it is color that remains stationary
whilst the forms vary.
B

XVlll

INTRODUCTION.

name to a species that another has the task of describing, may
for tliis purpose publish previously a short diagnosis under his
name in any Journal.

Observation relative to the Tyj^es in Description.

In insects in general, the female represents the type of the
species. Though, in exceptional cases, the male may be the
larger, the more beautiful, and at times with unusual appendages,
he remains always more variable than the female. Among the
IIymenoi)tera, the males have hardly any other part to play than
a ])assive one; the other sex it is, which alone develops that
reniarkal)lc activity which manifests itself in the interesting
habits of those insects. The females are larger and more
stable in their forms and colors. The slightest examination
renders it apparent that it is among the females the type of the
species is to bo sought for, and Ijy no means among the males.
In the A'"cspidre, especially among the Solitary Wasps, the males
are small and varialile ; at times, one would be inclined to con-
sider them as abortions ; they do not offer as good differential
characteristics as the females, and they are to be determined
only ))y the tentative method in referring them "do visu" to their
respective females.

There exists a number of species of which the males resemble
each other so far as not to be distinguishable. This may be seen,
for instance, among certain Odynerus, but it is especially among
the ScoLiA that this phenomenon appears in all its intensity.
There is a whole category of species in the genus Elis of which
the females offer differences the most extreme, but of which the
males are so confounded that they cannot be distinguished from
each other. What is most remarkable on this score is, that these
species are to be found spread over every continent, and that
each continent numbers several of them. Thus: —

America : Elis plumipes, limosa, trifaaciata, dorsata, etc.
Africa : Elis collaris, caj^ensis, elcgans, africana, fascia-

tella, etc.
Asia: Elis ihoracica, annulata, rnarginella, limhata.

Australia: Elis radula, Z-cincta, etc.
Europe : Elis villosa.

INTRODUCTION.

xlx

Somo of these ppcclos may doubtless be distinj^iiislied by tlioir
sixo {E. vilhisa), or l)y the exajnination of tlieir wiii<;s (/v\ Z-
cincla) \ but iu most cases, if it is not known whore they come from,
there is no possibility of determining tliem, not even of referring
by sight to their females.

The same fact may be notictd in n very developed state among
other species of Elis whicii prt sent another system of coloring,
and which forms a j)art of the subgenus Thiems. Thus tho

Elis interrupta (Europe) — texensis (Texas) — Xnntiana (Cali-
fornia),

though ofl.ing females very different from each other, coincide
in the males.

I do not pretend to affirm, however, that all these males are
perfectly identical. I only mean that they are so close neighbors
that I have not succeeded in finding between them diHerential
characteristics which appear to distinguish them.

The preceding will suffice to show that the femaie ought, at
all events, to bo taken as type of the species.

, Preparation.

In a great many collections, it is usual to spread the wings
and legs of the hymenoptera. This is mere amateur's work, of
no utility for study, sometimes even quite opposed to the purpose
in view, by dissimulating the character of the insects instead of
exposing it to view. This practice is to bo regretted, moreover,
by its increasing the value of the insects, on account of tho time
and expense wasted thereby, so that one is loath afterwards to
place them in the softener when it becomes necessary to dissect
the mouth.

It is usual with me to prepare each of my insects only when
about to study them, because by so doing I can, after having
softened them, give them whatever arrangement may be best cal-
culated for bringing info relief such special characteristics as are
particularly useful in the group to which it belongs. As the use-
ful characteristics are not the same in each group, the preparation
ought to vary according to the species. Of the Epipona % the
mandibles are to be opened, the legs to be stretched downwards,
so that it may be possible to examine distinctly the haunches and
thighs; of the Odynerus %, approximate to the group of 0.

XX

INTUODUOTION.

nasidnis, the niitonnas iiro to be leugtLt'iied out, in order to judge
of their toniiimiliuiis, etc.

For uhnost nil the Solitary AVasps, but particularly for the
()(Il/))('ri(s, it in essciiliiilly necessary to bo able to ili.suiij^uish
dearly the eharacteristics of the nietalhorax. Now this eauuot
bo cfTectcd otherwise than by separating the wings in a trans-
verse direction or ratlier downward, and by bending the abdomen
downward a>i far as possible, the basis of which will, by this
means, become at IIk; same time easy to study. This posture '"s,
evidently, very dillVn^nt from that given to the insects l)y spread-
ing them out. 1 can allirni, that, whenever one has negh;cled to
give the insect this posture, the nietathora.x and the abdomen
present themselves under tlu; most delusive aspect, and may give
rise to the most serious nnsconecptions. As to describing an
Odynerus i>roperly without having taUcn this precaution, it is an
impossibility. One may, if need l)e, lieiid downwards the abdo-
men without softening the insect; but then, if tho wings are
directed backwards, even obli(piely, they are enough in tho way
to produce dehusive appearances when the unignifying glass is
used.

These ol)servatioiis, Inie espi-cially for the Odyiicrns, ajtply
likewise to all the sessile venlrated or semi-pedieellaled Vcspiihe.

On the Dctcrminalion of viticrls.

There arc two manm-rs of proceeding, for the determination of
insects. One is analytical, the other synthetical, tho former
employed by amateurs, the latter by naturalists. The first method
consists, when having taken an individual insect, in turning over
the leaves of a book in search of the name of the species till one
supposes to have hit on the description. This method seldom
leads to certainty, often to error.

The second method requires a collection as numerous as possi-
ble i'l individuals. To jjroem'e it, the entomologist ought before
all things to devote his ellbrta to a persevering and active chase
after specimens. Tho greater the numl)er of the representatives
of each species, the more certain the determination will beconi..
In difficult performances, we must always begin with tho more easy
and proceed from the simple to the complex. We must, there-
fore, start by separating the most salient and most ea.sy genera to

^

INTKUDLCTION.

xxi

study them first. Aftorwards wo must continue by wny of elinii-
iiatiun. As it is fur tin; tiilliouit goiicra, thai it is cspt'iMaliy
iinportuut to adopt u good niotliud, lot us cliuoso, for instance;, tho
gonus Odtjnct'ua and its ajiproxiniatcs; it surcdy will answer our
purpose thoroughly. Let us suppose that the petluncnliventruted
genera Lave already been separated and that we have renmining
(inly the sessiliventrated, say the genera Alador, Monobia, Flcru-
clil/liiff, Odynrruii.

First we will exclude tho Alcn^lor, by tli(> process of viewing
of tho wings. Scarcely any other will remain than t!"e Odi/ncruti
and the Monohin; their species will at first appearance strike
one as an inextricable jnnil)le.

For tho moment, we will not trouble ourselves about tho
M(m(>})ia, which are rare and southerly sj)ecies. We will, there-
fore, begin I)y confining ourselves to setting aside tho Ancixlro'
co'UH and tho Sif))inwi']>hus, characterized by the suture of tho
first abdominal segment, and w<; can then enter directly on tho
study of tho species. lUit even here wo will .idvauco us far as
possililc without the assistance of books.

The next oi)oration consists in sorting out the males and females
in order to occupy ourselves exclusively with the latter. With
a little practice this sejiaration proceeds rapidly, since tho males
of the northern regions are distinguishable mostly l)y their
entirely yellow clypeus. For whatever may concern tho excep-
tions (either frcjin the females olfering tho same character, or from
tho males not offering it) one lias still as object of consultation,
the form of the antcnnio, organs whicli in most males are more
generally terminated by a liook or a sjiiral. At last, as a final
resource, and as an infallible means, we remove all doubts l)y
counting the number of abdominal segments. The % have only
1, the ? only fl.

Wo will first occupy ourselves only with the 9 and will group
the individuals by species on small boards. This is u work of
time and patience. To succeed, we will nndce use of every
appreciable characteristic, even of the most empirical ones. In
sorting out in this manner, the colors are always of tiie greatest
assistance liecausc they are obvious to the eye. One must, as
much as possible, subordinate the importance of the spots to a
graduated order, in beginning with the most fixed and character-

XXl\

INTllODUCTION.

istic, US for Instance the spots ou tbo Hcutcllunj and of tho post-
scutt'lluiu. Til us: —

Kango togelher all the species with post-sciitoliiun alone yellow.
" " *' Bculellum ulono spotted yol-

l(JW.

" " " " scutelluniftiidpost-scutolluni

both spotted, etc.

Then conic the anterior and posterior borders of the prothora.v;
then Ihe stripes of the abdomen, tho spots of the nietathoru.v, etc.

Thus you come to form more species than are really existing,
every variety becoming a species ; but, no matter, the work of
reducing will at last arrive and will be easily carried through
when species shall liuvc been studied and known, as it were, by
heart.

Then we may hjok into books and try to determine each species
while having, beneath one's eyes, the ensemble of individuals.

Jlero wo can get on only by groping aljout a long time in
uncertainty. Often after comparing these similar individuals we
shall detect two species which at iirst had been confounded.

The determination can be carried on by two inverse proceed-
ings. After having sorted out apart by one's own observations
tho greater immljer of species, tho entomologist often knows them
already sufficiently to guess to what s))ecies such and such a
description belongs. lie can, therefore, cither start from a species
and seek the description which suits it, or start from a description,
and In passing in review his series seek to what species this de-
scription is adapted. ' Moreover, these two manners of proceeding
verge into each other repeatedly, when one has beneath one's
eyes, a large ensemble of well -separated species. Indeed, when
making use of the first proceeding, one often falls into the second,
for one is often struck with the descripiion of such and such a
salient character which one recollects having observed in a species.
Thus tho search after one species loads to the determination of
another. Tho work hastens along with accelerated motion and
leads to results the more certain as each species is represented
by a largei number of individuals comprising most of the possible

' For this purpose short descriptions, 1. e., diagnoses, which may at
once be committed to memory, are very useful.

INTIlODUCTloN.

x.xiil

Yam!tie«. Ill Ihis ontirdy einpiricul labor, niiy proccHS, ovcii
uxpf(liriitrt art' ullowiilili'.

Ncverthek'HH, vvhi'ii out' (ittrf to tlio groupH, in whirli llio spocies
lie clusu togt'tlior, uiio in ol'teii puzzled, uiid there reuiains iiu wuy
of e.\(;lu.sioii.

Uiicc the fenialcs dcteniiiiicd, proceed to an aiiiilopoiis sortiiif^
out and groupiiij^ of the nialcs hy specieH, Allrihiite to eaeh
feiiniie species its respective iiiale, iHginning by the more easy
and proceeding always l)y way of exclusion. This is a tentative
worlx, in wiiicli out; succeeds satisfactin'ily only when familiarized
with a group wliicli is being sludii'd.

As to separating at the outset the Monnbia from the (kh/ncrtis,
the Si/nimorphiifi from the Ancintroreriis, the (hbineriii^ from the
J^pipona, that cannot ije done without being well accpminted with
these groups so as to place therejn at once the insects according
to their facies. If one is not far onougb advanced "to do so, this
separation will result <piitc naturally from the work of deternu-
iiation ; nevertheless, to distinguish the Monobia, it will be neces-
sary to dissect the mouth.

With that operation, wc may finish, because wc shall have no
more to seek but among a ;-inaII residue of species, whereas had
we liegun by establishing that distinction, we should have been
obliged to dissect the mouths of all the Odyncrus which have been
excluded from this operation by the mere fact of their determina-
tion. A work of determination made according to this manner
of proceeding will afford Bynoi)tical view.s that alone will permit
one to appreciate tlie true relations of species. IJetter than any
other, it will prepare the entomologLst to give comparative
descriptions taken from a general point of view which will not
lose itself in worthless details.

f •

I

ANALYTICAL TABLE.

PAGB

Family VESPIDiE 1

Tribe Masauin^-e 3

Geu. Tiinieria Sauss. ........ 4

Gen. Masaris Fub 4

Tribe Odynerin;e .......... 11

I. The Anoinalipeunes 12

Gen. Qayella Spin 1^5

II. The Nonuaiipeiiiies K^

Legion I. Tlie Zethitea 13

Gen. Zetbus Fair 13

Division Zethus (sensu striutiorc) 16

Division Heros ........ 17

Division ZeUiusculus ....... 18

A. Antennae of the males terminated hy a rolling-up

spiral ........ 19

a. Petiole presenting a nodulous or ovoid expansion 10

b. i?\velling of the jietiole cylindrical . . .23
* Metathorax not excavated - ... 23
** Metathorax excavated; the excavation mar-
gined with sharp carina) ... 25

f Thorax short, quadrate or rounded . . 2r>
If Thorax elongate, attenuated anteriorly, ellip-
tical 27

B. Autennre of the males terminated by a liook . . 29
a. Species having the appearance of the true Zethus.

Head more wide tlian liigli ; thorax short, not
being one and a half times longer than wide;
dilatation of the petiole elliptical or cylindrical,
a little contracted behind ; the second segment of
the abdomen in form of a globular bell . . -9
0, Species which have more the appearance of En-
menes or Disca-llua. Head less inflated, less hol-
lowed out at the occiput ; thorax of moderate
length ; petiole more as in the Eumenes of Divi-
sion a . • . . . a . 39

( X.XV )

XXVI

ANALYTICAL TABLE.

FAQE

|\i!

y. Petiole quite linear, filiform, depressed, very muoh
elongate, as in Eumenes of Division (. Facies
of a Calliyaster .......

C. Species wliicli I do not know, and of which the
antennae {%) have not been described
Division Didymogastra Ptrty ...

A. Antennae of the nialeii terminated by a rolled spiral

I). Antennae of %, terminated by a hook

C. Species of which tl .» soction remains undetermined

Gen. Labus Sauss

Gen. Discoelius Latr. ......

Legion II. The Odynerites .....

Gen. Eumenes Fabr. ......

Division Pachymenes .....

1. Form rather l-jngthened ; thorax longer than wide;
abdomen hardly depressed, the 2d segment not
campanular

A. Petiole campanular, enlarged above beyond the

middle, humped, the boss divided by a groove;

its extremity bordered by a salient band
a. Thorax rather compressed, lengthened
h. Thorax not compressed, moderately wide

B. Petiole pyrifonn, depressed, less inflated above,

not divi<led by a groove . . . . .
Division Umicrou

A. Thorax quite short, cubic-globular, larger than the

pear of the abdomen ; the 2d segment of this
wider than long (as in genus Tatua), wide-globular

B. Thorax a little more long than wide. The 2d seg-

ment of abdomen sometimes rather elongate

C. Thorax not so wide ; longer than broad ; not larger,

or even smaller than the pear of the abdomen.
(Form very much as in Division Alpha.) .
Division Beta ......*..

a. Mandibles short, pointed in the males ; blunt,
rounded at tip, with separated small teeth in the
females ....••••

6. Mandibles more elongate, not truncate, rather hooked

at tip, with strong teeth on the interior margin .

Division Alpha (Eumenes proprie dicti) . . • •

A. Large species, with black wings. The pear of the

abdomen rather depressed

B. Smaller species, with the abdomen more globular

or compressed. (Regular type of Division Alpha)

42

43
45

45
50
51
56
58
59
59
60

61

61
62
63

6fi
68

69

75

S3

88

90
92

93

95

ANALYTICAL TABLE.

XXVU

PAGE

42

5(»
51

56

58

59

59

60

61

61
62
63

a. Wings smoky, with violet iridescence

b. Wings transparent or yellowish . . . .
* Second abdominal segment without lateral yel-
low spots

** Second abdominal segment with a yellow spot
on each side (sometimes wanting in variety)

*** Second abdominal segment having on each
side a yellow fascia, or a complete transverse
yellow band on its middle ....

c. Species of uncertain origin

Division Zeta

Gen. Montezumia Sauss. .......

Division Antezumia. Head flattened before. Abdomen
^ediculate. (Appearance nearly like some Pachy-
meues)

Division Metazumia

Division Alontezumia (propr. diet.)

1. Abdomen petliculate ....

2. First segment of the abdomen snbsessile

A. Thorax moderately lengthened, first abdominal

segment funnel-shaped, convex, divided by a
feeble groove. Vertex somewhat swollen .
a. Wings transparent or ferruginous .
h. Wings obscure, smoky, fuscous or black .
* Body more or less ferruginous
** Body quite black

B. Head strongly dilated on the vertex behind the

eyes. Thorax much lengthened. First segment
of the abdomen depressed or flattened above
and divided by a very distinct groove

Division Parazumia

Division Pseudozumia

Gen. Monobia Sauss

Division I

A. Metathorax bispinose ....

B. Metathorax rounded, unarmed
Division II ...... ,

A. Abdomen conical ; the first segment wide and trun-

cate. Hinder portion of the metathorax bordered
by trenchant ridges and armed on each side with
a dentiform angle

B. Abdomen ovalo-conical ; the first segment more

rounded, less truncate, less sessile. Metathorax
roitnded ; its concavity not bordered above by
trenchant ridges

PAGE

9r>

98

98

101

102
105
105
110

113
114
117
117

lis

lis

118
119
119
124

127
127
127
129
129
129
132
132

132

134

xxvm

ANALYTICAL TABLii.

a. On each side of rat'tathorax a dentiform angle .

b. Metiithorax without distinct spinifomi angles

C, Abdomen sliglitly fusiform, enlarging as far as the
extremity of the 2d segment ; the 1st segment a
little funnel-shaped, divi<led by a feeble longitu
dinal groove. Thorax lengthened
Gen. Nortonia Saitss. .......

Gen. Rhynchium Latr

Gen. Odynerus Latr. .......

Definition of the subgenera .....

Subgenus Symmorphns Wesm. .....

a. Segments 1-4 of the abdomen bordered with yellow

b. Segments 1, 3, 4 of the abdomen bordered with yellow

c. Segments 1, 2 only, of the abdomen bordered with

yellow

Subgenus Ancistrocerus Wesm

Division Ancistrocerus (properly speaking) .

Table to assist in the determination of the species of
Ancistrocerus .......

I. Metathorax having its concavity angulate, bordered

all around by trenchant ridges

A. Form lengthened, slender ....

B. Form still lengthened, but less slender .

C. Body more gathered, normal, but the thorax

still sensibly longer than wide .

a. Metathorax destitute of strong spines .

b. Metathorax having two strong spines .

D. Form very stubbed. Thorax cubical, nearly

as long as wide ......

II. The concavity of the metathorax forms no distinct

lateral angles

A. Posterior face of metathorax remaining mar-

gined, but without distinct angles. Body
slender, elongate .....

a. Post-scutel strongly truncate

/). Post-scutel not truncate, angulate posteriorly

B. Metathorax not distinctly marginate. Body

not slender, of normal form
«. Abdomen nearly conical. The border of the
2d segment not reflexed. Body velutinous

b. Abdomen more ovalo-conical; the border of

2d segment rugose or reliexed .

PAOE

lo4
J37

137
139
142
143
149
151
152
153

155

157
157

158

159

it;o

1(J3

l(i7
107
173

175

177

177
177

179

180
180
181

I

ANALYTICAL TABLE.

c. Abdomen not as sessile; its first segment
distinctly narrower than the second, whicli
is in tlio shape of a liawk's bell, with a
rellexed margin. Metatliorax not excavated
in the form of a wide ca" .t »,at of a wide
channel

• • • •

Division Stenanuistrooerus

Table to assist in the determination of the species of
Division Stenancistrocerus • . . .

1. Formlengtheneil. Metatliorax prolonged norizon-

taily behind the post-scntel, then truncate ver-
tically, etc. . , . ^

2. Form very slender, Metatliorax not so distinctly

produced behind the post-scutel ; its con-
cavity large, etc

A. First segment of the abdomen rather funnel-

sliaped or bell-shaped, truncate anteriorly .

B. First segment of the abdomen in form of a pro-

longed bell, rather squarely-rounded, about
as wide as the second segment, not con-
tracted before

a. First segment sharply truncate anteriorly .

b. First abdominal segment more rounded ante-

riorly, ratlier like a square bell
3. Form slender, but the abdomen somecimes slender,
S(mietinies ovoid, especially among the '^ .
The first segment cupuliforni, narrower than
the 2d, having the suture indistin(!t, often
presenting a transverse fluting bordered by
two traces of sutures. Concavity of the
metathorax generally small, its borders in-
distinct

a. Suture of the first abdominal segment rather

strong ; excavation of the metathorax some-
what distinctly margined ....

b. Suture of the first abdominal segment not so

strong. Excavation of metatliorax having
its edges rounded, without precise limits .

Division Hypanoistrocerus

Division Ancistroceroides

Subgenus Odyuerus Latr. (sensu strictiore)

Division Ilypodynerus

Table to assist in distinguishing the species of the Divi-
sion Hypodynerus

XXIX

PAOE

188
IM)

191

192

195

198

198

199

206

2ii(i

UK)
21 1 >
211
212
213

216

XXX

ANALYTICAL TABLE.

PAOE

J. First segment of the abdomen bell-shaped, pyri-
form, uniformly a little comb-shaped. Appear-
ance of Montezumia

II. First segment of the abdomen offering an ante-
rior and a superior face separated by a sort of
transverse :idge or swelling (the true Hypo-
dynerus)

A. Form lengthened; first abdominal segment

suall, nodiform or peduuculiform, very much
narrower than the 2d ; its anterior lace in a
lengthened triangle .....

B. Form shorter, wiui-r; first segment wide on its

posterior border ; its anterior face in the
form of an equilateral triangle and a little
pedicellate; its superior face large .

a. Wings rufous along the anterior band .

b. Wings fuscous, with violet iridescence

C. Form very wide, short and depressed, first seg-

ment very wide ; its anterior face sessile, in
the form of a wide triangle ; its supeiior face
very short, 3-4 times as wide as long

D. Form also quite chubby, but not so much

depressed ; metathorax rounded, flat or con-
vex behind, smooth, without marginal edges ;
first segment of the abdomen very short ; its
superior face transverse-linear. (Appearance
of a Vespa.) . ....

Division Pachodynerus . . ....

Table to assist in distinguishing the species of the

Division Pachodynerus

1st Section. — Thorax cubical (at least among the
males) or square, lengthened. Abdomen coni-
cal ; the first segment very large, as wide as
the second

A. All the segments except the first bordered with

yellow

a. Metathorax forming a lateral angle on each

side

h. Metathorax rounded, not forming on each side

a dentiform angle ....

B. All the abdominal segments margined with yel-

low or rufous

a. Superior edges of metathorax not sharp

b. Superior edges of metathorax sharp

218

219

21D

222
222

224

225

227
228

229

230

231

231

236

237
237
238

ANALYTICAL TABLE.

X&Xl

I
.it

I

PAUE

240

244

244

24r)
247

247

249

C. Only the first two abdominal segments margined
with yellow. (Tlie 3d and 4th sometimes
indistinctly marginate.) ....
2d Section. — Form more lengthened; thorax length-
ened square or retracted beliiml. Abdomen
lei.8 conic, more cylindrical or depressed .

a. All thu segments of the abdomen, except the

first, bordered with yellow

b. Abdomer varied with black and rufous
Division Odyuerus

Table to assist in distinguishing the Division Odynerus

and Stenodynerus, with regard to Pachodynerus
Table to assist the determination of the species of Divi-
sion Odynerus .......

Section I.— Post-scutel sharply truncate ; its trans-
verse edge often crenulate. Abdomen conical
or ovate-conical; the second segment not
strangulated at base; the first segment in-
cluding it very naturally .... 252

1. Posterior plate of metathorax angulate, forming

on each side a lateral dentiform angle . 252
A. Concavity of the metathorax polygonal, mar-
gined with straight or arcuate ridgea,
which form at their meeting a sharp angle.
The superior lateral edges superiorly ter-
-uinating in a tooth or eminence, sepa-
rated from the post-scutel by a deep
fissure, or by a notch .... 252

a. Ridges of the metathorax very salient; its

posterior face excavated . . . 252

* Posterior margin of 2d and 3d abdominal

segments reflexed .... 252
** Posterior margin of 2d and 3d abdominal
segments not reflexed, but impressed

and rough 255

6. The hinder face of metathorax more flat-
tened ; its superior edges not so salient 2(j2

* The superior ridges forming two elevated

spines behind the post-scutel . . 262
** The superior edges of metnthorax very
slight, only forming behind the post-
soutel two very small tpeth . . 264

XXXll

ANALYTICAL TABLE.

PAGE

B. Metathorax as in Section A, but tho superior

edges uf its him'tir platu not ao iiiucli
olevatod, no Iriiger for-'ii'ig, iu tho
female.4, dif^tiuut tuuth beuiud tlie post-
scutel, etc. ......

a. Metatiior ax excavated; edges straight
6. Metathorax more Uatten .d ; the superior
edges rouglieiied, not acute .

C. Hinder plate of metatliorax no longer mar-

gined superiorly by sharp edges ; lateral

angles still existing

2. Posterior plate of metathorax orbicular or more
or less rounded, not forming on each side
a distinct dentiform angle ....

A. Posterior plate of metathorax still margined

with sharp edges, salient in its superior
part, and forming on each side at the
summit a tooth or elevation, separated
from the post-scutel by a fissure (some-
times very small) .....

a. The concavity deep, excavated, with sali-

ent rirlges. Abdomen conical ; its bao3
sharply truncate

b. Pojiterior plate of metathorax less exca-

vated ; its marginal edges but slightly
salient, although still sharp. Abdomen
ovate-conical, slightly attenuated at base

B. Posterior plate of metathorax no longer mar-

gined with sharp ridges, and not forming
post-scutellar teeth ....

a. Posterior plate of metathorax much exca-
vated, margined with salient, blunt, and
rough edges ......

6. Posterior plate of metathorax more flat-
tened ; its margins rounded and punc-
tured .......

Section II. — Body yet stubbed, not slender, nor cylin-
drical. Abdomen not conical, but still ses-
sile ; the 1st segment smaller than the 2d,
as strongly or more strongly punctured than
the 2d ; the 2d constricted at base to fit into
the first and more or less deformed ; having
its margin very strongly canaliculate and
retlexed, and more or less swelled before
the channel

205
2(J5

208

270

281

2S1

2S1

285

290

290

292

297

ANALYTICAL TABLE.

xxxm

2!19
3(»1
304

309

PAOB

A. Metathorax not narrowed below, much exca-

vated, with very sharp edges ; post-scutel
liitiiberculate; abdomen quite deformed . 297

B. Metathorax triangular, narrowed ]ioateriorly,

not so much 'xcavated, with sharp supe-
rior ridges. Post-scutel not created. Second
abdominal segment channelled and rellexed,
scarcely swollen .....

Division Stenodynerus .......

Table to assist in the determination of the Stenoili/mri

I. Metathorax having its posterior plate superiorly

teiiiiinated by two erect teeth, or by an erect

croSu «••••••«

A. Metathorax not prolonged beyond the post-

scutel, but truncate at its api^x, posteriorly
excavated, angulate on each side ; the sup'
rior edges of the posterior plate terminating
in two erect spines, which are separated from
the post-scutel by deep fissures

B. Metathorax truncate, excavated ; superiorly

margined by an arcuate ridge, rather crenu-
late, separated on each side from post-scutel
by a fissure .......

C. form not very slender. Metathorax produced

horizontally beyond the post-scutel; then
Vertically truncate; the i)ost-scutel quite
enveloped by it posteriorly, not reaching up
to the edge of the posterior face of metathorax ;
the posterior face of metathorax .-juperiorly
terminating in an erect crest, parted by a
fissure. Vertex in J having two pilose tu-
bercles 311

n. Metathorax not forming erect spines or crests
behind the post-scutel. Its superior face not
produced behind the post-scutel. This last
not posteriorly truncate, but angular, Post-
scutel <^enerally yellow, scutel usually black 312
1. Body slender, cylindrical. Concavity of the
metathorax wide, sometimes rather dis-
tinctly limited. First abdominal segment
bell-shaped, rather elongate,wideIy rounded
anteriorly, sessile or subsesaile. Thorax
rather elongate, vaulted, subcylindrical . 312

309

310

X\X1V

ANALVIICAL TAllHi.

I'AUG

A. Metal liorax slightly prolonged nmler the post-

Bcutel I'B^oud it, being truncate beforo;
its concavity margined with sharp edges,
uehrly angulate on each side
Abdomen slender, cylindrical ; first seg-
ment as wide as the second, liody vel-
vety 313

B. Metathorax scarcely, or not distinctly pro-

duced under the post-soutel, beyond it .

Abdomen elongate, cylindrical, with the Ist

segment as wide as tiie 2d, elongate; or

ovoid-elongate with the 1st segment a

little narrower, rounded . . . 313

* Tiio 1st and 2d abdominal segments each

adorned with two yellow spots, or

fasciae beside their marginal fa.scia . 313

** Only tlie second abdominal segment

adorned with two yellow spots which

are often wanting, principally in the

males 321

*** No free yellow spots on the first two

abdominal segments . . . 327

2. Form less cylindrical, not much elongated, the
thorax often short, and wide anteriorly,
contracted posteriorly. Metathorax more
convex, rounded ; its fossette generally
small, but always distinct. Abdomen ovoid
or irregular, the first segment narrower than
the second, not truncate anteriorly, not as
sessile; second segment more swelled than
in the preceding, short and convex, con-
tracted at base to fit into the first . . 332
A. Form rather stouter, abdomen rather wide in
tlie middle, but yet attenuated before.
The fossette of the posterior face of meta-
thorax rounded, always distinct . . 333

a. Thorax but slightly adorned with yellow;

(sometimes quite black, with a yellow
spot under the wing) ; post-scutel quite
black or adorned with two yellow dots . 333

b. Anterior margin of prothorax adorned with

yellow, but not the posterior margin ;
the yellow fascia often bilobed or inter-
rupted. Fossette of metathorax large,
rather triangular, occupying nearly the
whole width of the meii-^horax . . 334

ANALYTICAL TABLE.

XXXV

I'AOE

* Sometimes there are two little free spots

on liio 2d abdominal segiiients . . 334
** No lateral yellow spot on the ahdonien . 335

c. Posterior margin' of prothorax, and often

al.so the anterior margin bordered with
yellow, (insects often velvety.) . . 340

d. Prothorax (luite yellow above. Scutel and

poat-soutel yellow 340

3. Body elongate, slender ; the abdomen especial-
ly, very slender, Metatlinrax c onvex, having
no longer a distinct excavation, but sooner
parted by a large groove, which separates
Ita two cheeks. Abdomen .-lender, spindle-
shaped; the first segment elongate, funnel-
shaped, sometimes subpedunculate . . 346
III. Metathorax not produced superiorly beyond the
post-scutel, convex ; its hinder face parted
by a deep groove. Post-scutel truncate-
having a sharp edge 352

A. Metathorax quite unarmed superiorly . . 352

B. Metathorax armed superiorly with two tuber-

cles, Bometimea very small . . . 3.'i5

Subgenus Epiponua 350

Division Antepiponus 3(jl

Division Epipouus 3(]3

Appendix to the genus Odynerus , 3^14

Gen. Leptoohilas Sauss 3(jy

Gen. Pterochilus Klurj 3(;g

Gen. Ctenochilus Sanss 372

Gen. Alastor Lepel. St. Farg 373

Gen. Smithia Sausa 37^

Appendix 37t)

Index _ 3(^2

Explanation of Plates 38tj

VESriDiE

oy

AMERICA.

Family VESPIDiE.

CllAUACTERS. — Wiiit^'s folded loii;j;itudinally when at rest.
Protliorux oxlondud backward ud iar as tlio origin of the
wings.

Month. Mandibles variable. Lip quadrifid or quadrilobed,
sonietiine.s only bilid; labial palpi not having more thau
four artiole.s; maxillary not more than six artiolori.

AiUennie ijlbowod, ibrniing cither a lengthened or a sub-
filiform club, cotnpi.sed of twelve articled in the fenuiles,
and thirteen in the malod.

Ei/ea eniarginato (except Paragia).

^//(Z'j?7/t?i sessile (without apparent ])etiole) or pedicellate,
eomposed of seven segments in the males and of six in the
I'emales, and armed with a retractile sting.

Legs slender, without liairs.

Wings always presenting two recurrent nervures and
three or four cubital cells. Both sexes are always winged.

The Vespidse are easily recognized by thoir folded wings (wiicu
at rest). It is true, this character is not always very distinct,
especially among the Manarinse and liaj>higli»isiniii% but in this
case one identifies them with certainty: 1st, l)y their elbowed
antenna;; 2d, by their protliorax, which, instead of forming a
knobbed or transverse collar, offers a distinct upper surface, pro-
longed on each side as far as the wing scales;' 3d, also by their

• As among the Pomjtiliflce and Pepsldw, from which they are distin-
guished especially by their elbowed auteuuse, prolonged into clubs, by
their folded wiugs, eto.

1 (1)

2

IIYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

goiicral nppearanco, which is much more easily (lotcctcd than
described.

The habits of the Vei<pidse arc quite different; some being
social, some solitary, living by rapine, and some parasitic.

These three moral tendencies correspond to the si)ecial forms
which characterize the groups, into which we have separated the
following subfamilies : —

I. Masauin^, or Parasitic Wasps. — Wings having an indistinct duplica-
tion. AntennfB sometimes enlarged into a club, their last articles often
soldered togetlier. Prothorax generally conve.x before. Scutel superposed
upon postscutel. Claws of tarsi generally unidentate ; posterior and inter-
mediate tibiae terminated by two articulate spines. Lip ijuadrifid or bifid.

Wings having but three cubital cells. Eyes slightly emarginate.

II. EuMENiNJE or Odvneris^,' or Solitari/ Wasps. — Wings having a more
distinct duplication, always offering four cubital cells. Antennre subiili-
form, with the articles distinct. Lip leugtheued, quadrifid. Claws of the
tarsi unidentate.

III. VEspiNiK, or Snrial Wasps. — Having the same characters as the
Eumeninre, but the claws of the tarsi not toothed ; the wings always
having a very distinct duplication ; the lip short, quadrilobed.

The 3Iasannse can easily be distinguished by the inner neura-
tion of their wings, etc. ; but the solitary and social wasps pre-
sent so few distinctive general characters, that the^ are always
puzzling. It will hardly be deemed superfluous to give lure a
table of empirical characters which may assist in distinguishing
them in every case.

' In my "Etudes sur la Famille des Vespides" I have given to this tribe
the name of Enmenieiis {I'Jumeiiitnf), after the oldest genus of the tribe.
But as the genus Odynnrus is much more important, and as the tribe
VespiiKf is named after a sessile genus, I have thought best to adopt in
preference that of Odyneriens (Odi/nerince) for the sake of conformity in the
names of both tribes.

VESPID^.

Siditary W'aups, (Odynprlnip.)

Social Waspg. (Vesjiinw.)

Mandibles often long and sharp, or
liavinj; lateral teeth. Labial palpi
with three or four articles. Maxil-
lary palpi with three, four, five or
six articles.

Eyes always extending to the base
of the mandibles.

Thorax always wide and truncate
before.

The second abdominal segment al-
ways the largest, widening like a
bell, and like a socket to those
following.

Clype.us variable, emarginate, biden-
tate, truncate or rounded on ils
inferior border; never terminated
by a tooth.

Second cubital cell always narrowed
toward the radial.

The second recurrent nervure some-
times received by the third cubital
cell.

Mandibles always short and obliquely
truncate, with the teeth rather Icr-
mitidl. Labial palpi always with
four articles. Maxillary palpi with
five or six articles.

Sonu'tim(>s an open space between the
base of the mandibles and the eyes.

Thorax sometimes strongly contract-
ed before.

The second segment sometimes fuii-
nel-shrped. The third segment
in that case the largest and a sort
of socket for ihose following.

Clijpeus often cordiforui, terminated
by an angle or sort of tooth or by
a rounded lobe.

Second cubital cell sometimes
scjuare.

The second cubital cell always re-
ceiving the two recurrent uervures.

Tribe MASARIN^.

(Parasitic "Wasps.)

Among these insects one notices iu the antennae n tendency to
consolida't.on of the articles and to a rudimentary condition of the
maxillary palpi, as in general among parasitic insects. The
abdominal segments among some species are constricted at the
base 80 that one cannot receive anuihcr within it.

The wings often fold with difiioulty; thoy oiler but throe cubital
cells, and the two recurrent ucrvures always ternunate upon the
second.

The lip is at times quadrifid, and sometimes bifid. When bifid
it is also extensile by virtue of a peculiar nicclianism.*

We know as yet but two representative genera of this tribe in
America — otie of which forms a genus limited to this continent.

' See: Saussure, Etudes sur la Pamille dis Vespides, III, 23, etc.; and
Auuales dos Soieuo«a rs'aturelles, 1857, VII.

HYMENOPTEHA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

Oen. TRIMERIA Sadss.'

Ay^tennie clubbed, lenglhened ; the last articles very indistinct.
Lip not extensile, tongue shaped, billd. Labial palpi composed
of three articles; maxillary apparently of none. Mandibles
tolerably sharp. Abdominal segments constricted at their base ;
not retractile.

1. T. americaiia Sauss.
Eriniiys americatid Sadss. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 3(1 ser. I, Bull, xx, 1853. —
Trimeria americana Sacss. Vespides, III, 1854, 81, PI. iv, fig. 2, $.

Hab. Brazil.

Gen. MASARIS Fab.

A7itennae of % long, of 9 short, composed of twelve articles,
of which the five last are soldered into a single bare mass
(leaving but eight articles appitrcn y. Articles 4-7 long in the
males, short in the females, and incompletely soldered; the
terminal mass (8th article) forming an oval club in the male,
variable among the females. Lij) extensile ; the tongue bifid,
inclosed in a contractile sheath, in the form of a lamina, placed
edgewise: labial palpi .short." Jaics short; maxillary palpi
rudimentary. 3Iandibles short, arcuate, bidentate. Clypeus
notched like the arc of a circle. Metathorax flattened behind
(bispinose). Abdomen flattened beneath, the segments contracted
at the base, the third and following not retractile into the second ;
the abdomen equally wide and rounded at tip ia I'.ic 9 ; lengthened
in the %, attenuated toward the end, bifid ( ' v, ■ .ams, and seg-
ments 2-3 armed beneath with a salient process.

' I at first named tliis genus En'nnj/s in commemoration of a discussion
upon the antennfe of Musaris which for a long time occupied the Entomo-
logical Society of France (see toe. cit.); but finding this name already
employed, I chanced it to Trimeria, wliich seems scarcely hotter, as there
are already two genera Trimera. Nevertheless I think it better to retain
the new name, since it is not identical with the last.

2 See for the composition of the lip, Sauss. Vespides, III, 23, and
Annates des Sciences Naturelles, 1857, VII.

,ii>. »..«,. Hill .m- ■~^.-- " .1-..,. '

MASARIS, 5

This remarkable genus counts as yet hut, five representatives,
of vvhieli two are AiViean, the ulhers were recenlly tliseoverod in
North America.

The American Masaris differs from the African by having tlie
hibial palpi much longer. The 1st joint hJng ; the 2d very short,
about one-third or one-fourth the length of the lirst ; the od
arcuated, a little shorter than the (irst, and ciliated at tip. The
4th i.s tpiite ruilimental, soldered to the inner face of the extremity
of the third. The tongue is (piite extensile as in the African
type. The maxillary pal])i are also quite rudimental, only appa-
rent as a little tubercle. The American 3Iasaris are also distin-
guished from the A'^t'ican l)y the antennae of the 9 which are
more globularly clul)bed, nearly as in Crlonitcs. The males
which I can only judge by the figure given, liave also the terminal
part more globular or at least less elongated than in JI. vcspi-
formis.

1. Antenna? of 9 clubl)cd, having 5 soldered terminal articles,

slightly dilated, not forming a distinct knob; the first article
very hjiig. Labial palpi very short
M. I'esjjiformifi Latu. (North Africa.)

2. Antenna? of ? terminated by a knob, as well as those of %;

the five last articles forming an oval dilated mass. Labial
palpi moderate.

!• in. vespoides Cress. — Nipra, flavo vaHegata, abrlomini.s segmentis
late flavo-fa.-oiatis; fasciis '2-.'i utriiKjue iiittro-maculatis ; (jO segmento
flavo-bimaculato; alis flavesceiitibus ; ecntello planato uietanoto bis-
pinoso; antemiis % elongatis, articulo priiiio bievi, globoso, ultiiuis 5
in clavain ovalem glutinatis ; 9 l)i'evibus, prinio articulo tertio lireviore,
o- etongato, 4°, .'io nieiHociilms, ultimis 5 in clavam subglobosam
glutinatis ; abdoniiue % apice fisso, .sogmeutis 2-3 subtud processibus 2
iustructis.

2las<iris rc^poi'dcs Chessox, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. II, 1863, 69, PI. iv ;
III, 673.

% . Total length, !) lines ; expanse of wings, Ifj^ lines.
9 . Total length, 8 lines ; expanse of wings, 14 line.s.

Ufale. — Clypeus subquadrate, deeply emarginate, with the
angles rounded ; mandibles somewhat o})t)ise, with two indenta-
tions near the apex. Antennae a little longer than the head and

■%.

6

UYMENOPTERA OF AMEUICA.

[VAKT I.

thorax; ist joi «t short and thick, 3tl to Cth about equal, some-
what flat ; 7th i hortor, the 5 apical joiuts soldered into a broad
oval knob, sligutly concave beneath ; the sutures somewhat
distinct beneath. Metathorax forming on each side a somewhat
flattened square angle, armed with an acute spine. Anterior
femora rather curved and tibia; dilated ; posterior tibiiB armed
with two spurs, one of which is elongate and deeply biQd. Tarsal
claws simple. Abdomen elongate, convex above, gradually
narrowed posteriorly ; apical segment sub(iuadrate, deeply eniar-
ginate at the apex, with two longitudinal carina?, each bearing a
small obtuse tubercle on the posterior third of the segment ; 2d
and 3d segments beneath with a bifid projection at their base ;
that of the 3d very prominent and armed posteriorly with an
acut'e spine.

Body black; clypens, apex of the labrum, middle of the mandi-
bles, a transverse dilated line between the antenmc and the inner
and outer orbit of the eyes above the antennse, yellow ; antennae
above, with the base of the first and second joints black ; the
apex of 1st, inner side of 2d, and the 4 following joints, yellow;
the apical joints yellowish, varied with fuscous, blackish beneath.
Anterior margin of prothorax, a spot beneath the wings, wing
scales and a spot above, apex of scutollum and angles of meta-
thorax yellow. Legs yellow, at base black. Each segment of
the. abdomen above with a submarginal yellow indented band ;
apical scj^^nient with a quadrilobed yellow spot. Wings stained
with yellowish, nervures honey yellow about the base, fuscous
toward the apex.

Female. — Form shorter. Clypous widely and deeply emar-
ginate, very coarsely punctured, roughly folded and reticulate at
the top. Labrum carinated, elongated and rounded at tip.
Forehead carinated transversely between the antennae. Head
and thorax densely, metathorax finely punctured ; scntellura
polished. Mesothorax carinated. The thorax depressed ; the
angles of metathorax flattened and depressed, terminating in an
acute spine. Abdomen finely punctured ; the segments very
little constricted at base. First joint of the anterior tarsi rather
dilated.

Black, with fulvous pubescence. Antennae fulvous; the 1st
and 2d joints blackish, the 1st yellow at tip ; the club obscure
on the upper side, blackish at tip. Talpi, the middle of mandi-

1

MASARIS. 7

bios, borders of labniin at base, a transverse line at top of elypeus
and orbits of the eyes Ijehind and over tlie einarf^inution, yellow.
Anterior border of prothorax and sometimes also the posterior
edge, tegulaj, a spot under the wings and the angles of the ineta-
tliorax, yellow. All the abdominal segments bordered by a wide
yellow band, the first beneath interrupted ;] the three follow-
ing more or less emargina<e in the middle, and with a i)lack
transverse spot on eaeh side. Anal segment with two yellow^
macuhc. Feet yellow ; bhiek at base. Wings a little grayish,
with basal and costal veins ferruginous. Radial cell having its
greater width in the middle of its length ; 2d recurrent vein in-
serted after the middle of the border of the 2d cubital cell.

The yellow ornaments of % vary much in form and extent;
still more in 9, the bands being of very different width, emargina-
tion, spots, etc. The bands are sometimes emargiimted in middle,
and even interrupted on eaeh side by the enmrgination. Some-
times the fascia at head and thorax are divided into several dots.

Var. a. Sides of elypeus and labrum not margined with yel-
low ; no spot on the mandil)les; a yellow spot at top of elypeus.

b. No yellow spot beneath the wings, no spots on mesothorax.

c. Metathorax with posterior angles slightly produced and
tipped with yellow.

This insect differs from 31. marginalis hy its very rongli elypeus,
by the carina of the forehead, its depressed thorax, by the spines
of metathorax, etc.

It has much resemblance to M. vespiformis ; but the knob of
the antenna} of the % is shorter; the projections of the 2d and
3d ventral segments arc also differently constructed, that on the
2d segment of the American species being less developed and
bifid, while that of the 3d segment is strongly developed, bifid,
and bearing an acute spine behind. The antennte of the 9 are
very different ; the 1st joint being shorter than in JL vexpiformis,
and the apex more swollen, as in GelonileH. The color and dis-
tribution of the markings of 9 is also very different, M. veapi-
formis 9 having its ornaments rufous and much more developed.
Nevertheless the two species are so closely allied, that it is im-
possible to separate them generically.

Inhabits llocky Mountains, Pike's Peak. (Coll. Ent. See.
Phila.)

8

HYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

This fine Insect was discovered by W. J. Howard, and described
by E. T. Cressun. 2\'umerous individuals were taken by Hidings
iu Colorado Territory ou a plant allied to Lobelia.

3. M. zoualis Cress. — Nigra, fusco-hirta; antennanim articulis 4, 5
bievibus; clypuo aicuatiui emarginato; thoraoe parum depresso;
suutello cariiiato ; inetanoto utriiique caiithum coiiipressum longM spi-
nosum elliciente ; (iorpore valde sulfureo-variegato ; abdomiue fasciis
coiiipletis 5 ; auo bimaculato; alls subferrugiueis. 9*

M. sonalis Ckessox, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. Ill, 18()4, G74, 2.
5> . Total length 15 mill. ; wing 8-9 mm.

9- I-

9. Clypcus notched in arc of circle, convex, finely punctured.
Labruin triangular, rounded at tip, pubescent, with fulvous
hairs. The whole insect very finely sculptured. Thorax but
little dejjressed. ^^l!tathorax flattened behind, but not dejiressed ;
the angles compressed into strong carina), armed ou each side
with a long .spine, as in 31. vespoules.

Black, with brown hairs. Antennnc fulvous; Pcapo black, with
a yellow spot; 2d joint black; 3d yellow; those following very
short; the club blackish above, ^[andibles, a spot in the fore-
head, the whole orbits, the hind margin of prothorax, and (partly
or completely) the fore margin, a spot under the wing, togulaj,
post tegula), margin of scutellum and the angles of metathorax,
sulphur-yellow. A complete and regular submarginal fa.scia ou
all the segments of the abdomen ; beneath, only lines of macula} ;
fith segment above, with two yellow spots. Feet black at base,
yellow from the knees to the end. Wings as in the preceding,
with ferruginous v(!ins; radial cell rather brown; 1st recurrent
vein inserted nearly at the inner angle; the 2d about in the
middle of the 2d cubital cell.

Var. A yellow spot on the clypeus; 2 spots on the forehead;
antenna? more black; a yellowish tip on the coxa?. Fasciic of
the abdomen a little enuirginated ; the band of the Gth complete.

%. A larger subquadrate spot beneath the insertion of the
antenna;, and the clypcus and labrum pale yellowish-white.
Clypeus shaped like thai of M.veapoi den %, but more flattened
and less deeply emarginate at tip ; antennae rather longer than
head and thorax, proportioned as in Vespoif^ra % , exce])t that
the club is not at all flattened beneath ; the joints pale yellowish-

MASAKI8.

9

white above or rntlicr cxtpriorly, tli;; two l)a.«;al joints more or less
black above at base, the fourth, fifth, and sixth joints at tip
beneath, and the whole of the remaining joints beneath, pale ful-
vous; the club above at tip, more or less black ; the five ailicu-
lations of the club arc closely soldered togx-thcr, the sutures
indistinct. Wings as in i)/. ws-yKxV/f.vs %. Legs shaped as in
I'cspoidfti 'S, except that the anterior tarsi are scarcely ciliated,
anil the basal joint of the posterior tarsi is scarcely as long as the
foui remaining joints together, shaped like that of Vcspoiihs % ;
shining black; all the segments except the terminal one, with a
continuous pale lemon-yellow band ; those on the five basal seg-
ments more or less emarginatc on each side anteriorly ; the l)and
on the sixth segment generally entire; apical segment bhiek,
polished, deeply bifid or forked at tip when viewed from altnve ;
when viewed in profile the tip is rather 1)road and obtUM'ly
emarginatc, the lower process being the shortest and stoutest ;
when viewed endwise the tip has a subtrianguhir shape, concave,
more or less lemon-yellow, with the lower process rather deeply
emarginatc; venter flattened, shining black, most of the segments
with a lateral yellowish spot ; the second segment with a more
or less developed fold anteriorly, obtusely emarginatc on the
middle; on the disk of the third segment a large, robust, well-
developed process, obtuse at tip, but with a short, st<nit, subacute
spine posteriorly, similar to that of Vf.^jioidoi %, but less
developed. Length 5 lines ; expanse of wings 9 lines.

This species is nearly the miniature of Vespoides, but is never-
theless a very true species.

The male differs from that of iJ/. vespoidesin several points of
structure, viz., the club of the antenna? is rounded and not flat-
tened beneath, the basal joint of the posterior tarsi is scarcely as
long, while in Vvftpoides % it is almost twice as long as tin; re-
maining joints ; the apical segment of the alidonien differs much
from Vcxpoides %, in having no carinte on the disk, and in the
til) l)eing much more deeply l)ifid, both above and beneath, and
the i)rojection on the third ventral segment more robust, and not
compressed or emarginatc at tip as in Ve.<])Oides %.

In the 9 the thorax is less depressed, but a little more than in
viarginalis. The yellow ornaments are more abundant ; the
abdominal fascia) entire. The scutcllum is cariuated, while it is

10

HYMENOl'TEIlA OF AMEUICA.

[part I.

not in VcHpoiden; the fore i»art of the nuvsotliorax is also ciirinatcd,
but tlio hind i)iirt is dcpressod, while in Vctipoidcs it is riithor
elovatfd. The 4th and 5(li joints of the antfiiiioj are quite short,
while in Vct^jiuklcfi the 4th is longer than broad.

IJab. Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory.

Mr. Hidings discovered this species iu August on a plant most
likely to be of the genus Fhacelia.

3. M, marginalia Cress. — Nigra, tenuissime punctulata; thorace
quailiato, haud depresso, angulis iiietaiioti compiessiH, liaiid spinorfis;
muuula froutis, marginibus pronoti, tegulaniiu abdomiuiyque segiueuto-
ruin 1-5 margine luteo; tibiis et tarsia luteis. 9*

^^. marginalis Cresson, Proc. V.ut. Soc. Pliilad. IH, 18()4, G77, ?.

9. The whole insect, including the head and clypcns very
finely punctured, C(jriaceous. Thorax (juadrate, a little longer
than wide, not depressedasinil/. ■i;e.s7J0i(/e.s, very finely punctured,
a little rougher along the anterior margin of mesothorax. Clypeus
convex, not carinated, not so much emarginate as in Veq)oUles.
Labruni triangular, with the tip truncate and rounded; its margin
and pubescence fuscous. The angles of nu^tathorax not depressed,
but compressed, not si)incd. Pubescence black (or grayish, when
not fresh). Palpi, tip of mandibles, a line along the orbits behind
and on the upper part of the sinus in front, a transver.se line or 2
spots at the insertion of the antennae, luteus. Antenna3 fidvous;
the 1st joint and upper part of the club, blackish; the other joint
rather obscure on the upper side. Border of anterior and posterior
edge of prothorax (more or less), and outer half of teguhc, whitish.
Abdominal segments 1-5 adorned above with a narrow whitish
band, not quite marginal, sometimes interrupted; at least the
first. TibifB lutous, tarsi fulvous. AVlngs hyaline, with ferru-
ginous veins; radial cell pear-shaped, narrowly jirodnced at its
inner extremity; both recurrent veins inserted before the middle
of the 2d cubital cell.

Var. The bands of head and thorax replaced by mere dots;
clypeus with a white line ; a macula on the pleura beneath the
wing ; anal segment with 2 white dots ; the 3d segment beneath
with a row of white dots.

Dilfers from M. vcspoides by the finer punctuation, not rough
clypeus, not carinated labrum, l)y its forehead without carina, etc.

JIab. Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory.

~4

MASARIS.

11

Thirt insect, like tiie preceding, was discovered liy Mr. Ridings.
I have a specimen of each ot" tho three species} here described
tbruuiili Mr. Edw. Norton

Tribe OUYNERIN.E/

(Solitary Wasps.)

Nails of the tarsi unidentato. Clypeus never terminated by a
tooth ; mandil)les long, prolonged in the form of a sharp beak,
or truncate, trenchant or dentate ; lip lengtlienoJ, often very long,
always quadrilid, its lateral lobes forming long proligs separated
even to its base and articulate.

In general, each of the four divisions of the tongue has at its
extremity an opa<pie horny point; but in some cases these points
disai)pear, and the lobes become very long, linear and plumose
{Syiuifjius).

Antenna) scarcely clubbed, lengthened, simple in the 9 ; ter-
minated in the % l)y a hook, or twisted spirally at the extremity,
or simple. Eyes strongly emarginate ; thorax always wide
before ; mctathorax not prolonged.

The abdomen is (piite variable, but i 'le second segment is
always the largest ; those following are retractile, and can easily
be forced back into the second.

The solitary wasps have not the habit of living in society, and
it is this characteristic which establishes the principal diiference
between the Odynerina) and Yespina); for those distinctions which
arc drawn from their organization arc not of much conse(pienee,
and can be reduced to the dilTerence of claws, which in the soli-
tary wasps are armed with one tooth, and are simple among the
social. The solitary wasps have, in fact, more carnivorous in-
stincts. Although nourishing themselves by sucking flowers, they
attack very many larva?, spiders or other animals, to provide food
for their offspring. Their larva) are carnivorous, although the per-

' See on page 2 and 3 the table to aid in distinguishing the Odynerinoe
and Vcspince,

12

nYMKVoI'TKIlA (»F AMKKICA.

[I'AKT I.

feet insects austftiii tliciiisolvcs by siu-kiiij^ vej^eliUioii. 'IMii' Ody-
iioriiiii; ostiiljlisli tliciriicsts in holes in wallis, in tlio hollow interior
of tin,' steins of e(;rt,iiin pliints, or in Imljittitions wliich they eon-
strnet in the open air, of eluy or o*" some vegelul)ie and giininiy
substanees, Tlie e;^;^s deposited in these nests are altuiidanlly
provided witli larvic or insects stupefied and reduced to a slate
of living inuinniies l)y the elfeet of the poison of the mother.
These aninnils so inchtsed are incapable of defending themselves,
but retain snirn;ient lifn to prevent decomposition, and serve fin*
the support of the larvio of the wasps. Tiie nests, after luiving
been provisioned, are carefully closed by the mother with clay,
with just sullieient covering that the young insect can pierce it to
escape when it has undergone its lost transformation.

Certain . i)eeies of (hli/ncrimr (Zethut^) appear to manifest a
tendency toward social hal)its ; they fn-ni small agglomerations
of nests which resemble a little the irregular nests of humble
bees (Bombi(i^), but grou))ed yet more c<Md'useilly. But there
always prevails this dilferenco between the cells formed by the
social and those made by the solitary Ilymenoptera that the first
have a cylindrical inner space, while the .--(.cond are rather ex-
tciuled masses which are not in regular juxtaposition, so that they
seem more like spheres and ellipsoids joined together, than cells
constructed side by side on a general i)Ian. In other words, the
solitary species never seek to form a comb, although they some-
times form agglomerations of colls. The most j)art of them do
not construct these rough cells one upon another, but disperse
them into different positions.

I. THE ANOMALIPENNES.

The first recurrent nervurc received by the second cubital cell ;
the second recurrent nervure received by the third cubital cell.

I. Lip extremchj lengthened, bent back under the stern um ; man'

diblcs truncated olAiquehj, having terminal teeth.

Genera: Eapliiglossa Saund. — Slenotjlossa Sauss.
Not known to be represented in America.

II. Lip shorter ; Mandibles moderately long, sharp.

OAYELLA — ZKTIILS.

13

Oen. f;Al'i:LL/i Spin

Mandibles forminj? u beak liy their union; '^Ijiul palpi com-
posed of four articles; nuixilhiry, of hix. First sej^nu !it of tlio
abdomen contracted in the fonu of a knob or an iullutod disk.

1. Gayella euineiioitlcs Spin.

Gayilln euiiwnnidea SpiNoL. Gay's Fauna Chik'na (Hint, flsiua de Chile),
Zuol. VI, 1851, 'Si3, 1, pi. ij, fig. 2. — ^au^u. Vedpidud, I, 1852, (J, pi.
viii, flg. 4.

Ilab. Chili.

II. THE NORMALIPENNES.

The two recurrent nervures received by the second cubital
cell.

Legion I. The Zethites.

Mandibles short, obliquely truncated at the oxtrciuity, with
teeth placed on the oblique border of the truncation, and so rather
terminal than lateral {cide Saus.sure, A'espides, I, id. ii, Ic, oc;
pi. iii, Ic, 3c) ; forming by their union an obtuse beak.

Oen. ZETHVS Fabr.

Mandibles short, obliquehj truncated, and in general armed
with teeth placed on the oblique terminal l)order. Lip and jaws
lengthened; labial palpi composed of 3-4 not feathery articles;
the maxillary, of 6.

Head large, expanded, in general wider than the thorax, dis-
coidal or wider than long, swelled behind tlie eyes and cmarginato
like an arc of a circle on its posterior face, Antennaj inserted
in the middle of its height. Clypcus rounded or in a large
square, in general wider than long.

Tlwrax slightly contracted before, sharply truncated on its
anterior extremity, so that there is a space in the form of a
circle between the head and anterior border of the prothorax ;
this last generally flanged, carrying a crest in form of a sharp
plate or edge.

14

HYMENOPTEIIA OF AMEUICA.

[I'AUT I.

Abdomen |K'tliouliiti! ; tin; firdt scgmoiit in the furin of a pL'tiole,
linear iit its buso, next Inliated, unti linully more or less cou-
truotcd at its extremity, wluoh renders the inflation globular or
elliptical. Tlio second uegment, iu lurm of a rounded bell, is
often |>edi(Milato.

Si'juial (Uj/'rrcnccH. — The males havo tlio elypous transverse,
quadrate, broad. Their antennoj are terminated either by alK)ok,
or by a spiral.' The females have the antenna) simple and tho
clypcns diseoidal, ofteu convex or lozenge-shaped, transverse.

Insects American.

This genus is easily recognized by its peculiar face, its trans-
verso clypeus, large head, and the singular form of its abdomen."

Among the Zcihus tho msuidibles are ([uite short, overlapping
beneath the clypeus ; their triturating edge is terminal, not lateral
as among the J'Jumcninoe.

The size of the head is such that tho eyes db not entirely
cover the checks. The metathorax has such variable forms that
it recalls what one sees in the '^'^ynerus; one can always here
distinguish two lateral ridges, h extend from the base of the

wing to the insertion of tho ^ ..,.ole, as in certain Odijnerus
{IIojdopuH or Upipone).

The petiole is quite variable. Its expansion produces a form
sometimes globular, sometimes more lengthened. The 2d abdomi-
nal segment, whether subsessilo or long pediculato, has the form
of a l)oll or compressed oval. It is dilated suddcrdy (globularly),
or gradually (like a pear). Its posterior border always presents
two distinct foliations, the inferior projecting remarkably. This

' It is not possible to establish a definite limit between these two forms:
for often, with the hook, tliere al.so commences a spiral. Wlien tlie spiral
is very distinct, the 13th article, in place of terminating in a point as when
it forms a hook, is lengthened, curved and obtuse. (See Saussure, Vespi-
des I, pi. ii, flg. 3, d.)

* The Zrthrnt were mostly confounded with the Eumenfs np to the time
when I reunited the species in one penus, of which the buooate characters
and the general form are too distinct to admit of any confusion. Bnt I
could not entirely separate from the genu5< Eumfttpx, some species which
I had not seen, and of which, even as wasps, the descriptions were incom-
plete {E, riifiiioda Lep, ; E. substricta Hald., etc.).

Z Kill IS.

If)

form of tlio two firrtt scf^monts recalls Hpeciully that of Lnr'ia
(Sof'iul Wasps),

111 frriieral with Zillnis, aljnvt' all ainoiij^ the small spocus, the
head and thorax arc crihrosc with coarst^ pmieture.s. 'I'Iicm; some-
tiuH'.s extend upon the petiole, bnt coiinnoiily the nietalhorux in
letis piinetiired and the alidoiueii very sinootli.

Most of these insects arc; cohtrcd Ijluck and yellow; Imt the
yellow markings arc oiteii wanting, and the variations are very

nunu.'roii.-i

The g-enus Zi'lhus is particularly interestini? in view of its
zoological afiinities. In fact, iiero the head Iteeoines large and
excavatcfl posteriorly, us in the Vft^pinee; the mandibles are short
as among them; and one remarks a certain relationship in the
appearance or some resemblances which secMii to estalilish an
allinity with the Social Wasps;'- while in the construelion of the
j)arts of the thorax, one recognizee some trucos of the forms of
the (hli/nerinse HCHailivenlres.

Zi'lhus seems also to establish a lien between tlie Othincrinse
and the Social Wasps by their habits ; for the ,^(7//»k, nltlioiigh
certainly solii ry insects, construct nests com))osed of iri'cgiihn'
cells, few ill number but agglomerated, which is probably a pre-
liminary step in the series toward the construction of numerous
serried and regular cells. (See Zclhus Romandinus.)

Even with all the gradations of form which we observe in
passing from one to another in this genus, we do not think that
one can divide the Zellius into more genera. Even the Asiatic
type Catlifjasfcr seems so intimately attached to Zcf/ius that wo
can scarcely keep it separated now that more numerous Asiatic
species arc known.

In conclusion, the genus Zelhus is « very numerous American
group, peculiarly abundant in the intertropical parts of this con-
tinent. In the United States it is represented by but one known
species ; while in Mexico wo find a very great number, which
seem to be but an indication of a very much greater number which
must exist in the other parts of tropical America.

' From my ij^noraiice of this fact, I rectret having pnbliahed in my Mono-
graphio des (liiepw?! Solitaires, descriptions of a certain number of species
of Zethus, tlie distinctions of which are founded especially on the distribu-
tion of colors.

' Bee beloir, the divisioa Zethus.

16

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

This circumstance' promises to reuder the study of the species
exclusively dillicult.

Division ZETHUS' (sensu strictiore).
(Sauss. Vespides I, 9, III, 115.)

Second abdominal segment subsossile ; expansion of the petiole
globular, longthoned. Thorax moderately lengthened. Meta-
thorax convex, presenting two rounded convexities, separated by
a groove. Antennte of the males terminated by a s[)iral. The
fith abdominal segment bearing underneath two lamellar appen-
dages (copulative?). Species large, having a feeble sculpture,
but not polished and with a dull metallic color.

It is impossible not to be struck with the resemljlancc of these
insects to the Sijiioeca. The same form of head, indented be-
hind, the same dull metallic color, great size, pedieulate abdomen,
mandibles almost the same form, etc.

The representatives of these two genera inhabit also the same
countries of America. There is, in their color and appearance,
one of those analogies which we sometimes find impressed upon
insects of the same regions of our glolje,' and this seems especi-
ally one of those openings that modern zoology should carefully
mark as suitable to cast some light on tho relationship of species.

1. Z. coerulcopeiinis' Fabr.

Vexpa cu'riilcpennis Fabu. Ent. syst. Snppl. 2G3, 1798.

Zethus ctvntlicprnuis Fabr. S. P. 282, 1.— Latr. Gen. IV, 137; Eiicycl.

pi. 39:?, fig. 12, 13.— Sacss. Vespides, I, 9, 1 ; Revue Zool. X, 1858, 04.
Zethus brasilimsis Sacjss. Vespides 1, 10,2, J ; III, 115, % (prob. variety

of this species).
Zethus vKirpins Sad.ss. Vespides I, 11, 4, pi. viii, fig. 5, % .

Abdominis petiole globoso-clavato, sulco tennissinie partite.
Bab. South America, Cayenne, Para, Brazil, Quito.

' I have separated from this division a certain number of small sjacies,
whiali have very much the same form of abdomen, but which, by their
clypeus and the angular form of the metathorax, find a more natural
place in the division Zilhusculus.

* The Vespides of Chili present a yet mere striking example of tliis.
See below Hijpodynerus,

' The Ve»pa surinama LiXN. (Omel. V, 2759, 23), is either this species
or a Synocca.

ZETIIUS.

17

3. Z. recurvirostris Dk Gekr.

Vespa mexicana Li.nn. 12,l':(lit. 053, 6.— Guv. Eucyol. Metb. Ins. VI, U73.

Vespa recurvirostris Dk Gkku. MC-iu. Ill, 57i', pi. '2d, fig, 4, 1773.

Vispa ci/anipenuis Fadk. Knt. syst. IT, 277, Sd, 1703; Pnlistrs cynni.

peniiis, t3. P. 275, 30.
Zel/iiis cyauipennis Latu. Genera, IV, 138. — Ekicus. Faun, et Flor. Urit.

(iuiana. III, 5'JO. — .Sauss. Vespides, I, 12, tj ; III, IIG; Revue Zool.

X, isr^s, U3.

Eumaies ci/nnipennis Latr. Hist. Crust, et Ins. XII, ^-Af).
Xetliiix lufjuhris Fkuty, Delect. An. Artie. 144, \)\. 27, liy. 4, 1830.— Sauss.
Vespides, I, 11, 5 ; Revue Zool. X, ISfjS, G3.

Clypeo 9 lato, satis rotuudato, truncate ; petiole ovato-clavato, nigro vel
rufo.

Hab. Brazil. Does not seem to inhabit Mexico.

3. Z. clialybeus Sauss.

Zttlnis chu/ijbxus Sai.-.'ss. Vespides, I, 10, 3; Revue Zool. X, ISfjS, 03.

Clypee 9 transverse, rliomboidali, utriuijue acute angulato, apico trun-
cate, bidentato.

JIab. Brazil.

4. Z. carbonarius Smith.

Zelhus carbonarius Smith, Cat. Brit. Mus. Vespid. 10, f>.

Ilab. Brazil, llivcr Amazon.

Division HEROS,
(Sadss. Vespides, III, 115.)

Clypous lozongo-pli'ipod, transverse, forming on each sido a
sharp lateral angle; aljdomen depressed, its second segment sub-
"Sessile, enlarging gradually. Head .swollen at vertex, and con-
vex. Ocelli arranged upon a very oblique, almost vertical plane.

f. 5. Z. gigas Spin.

Zelhus gitjas Sim.nola, Ann. Sec. Ent. Fr. X, 1841, 129, 80. — Sauss. Ves-
pides, I, 12,7; Ip. 111,115.
Calligaster lieros Sauss.' Vespides, I, 23, 1, J, pi. ix, fig. (5, 1852.

' This name was given by De Haan ; but it is a collentivo name, and
after having cited Ilaan, for satisfaction, in the description of the species,
wo here suppress tbe name ; considering that we do not recognize the col-
lective name, as we have said elsewliere, <ind do not wish, by setting au
example, to preserve it.
2

18

IIYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

Ilah, South America. Cayenne.

This typo has very much the form of Zdhusculus, on the part
of its clypeus, and yet this form of clypcus appears in Z. spinipes.

Division ZETHUSCULUS SAuae.
(Sauss. Vespides, I, 15 ; III, 118.)

Second abdominal segment subsessile, or briefly pcdiculate (the
pedicle having at most a quarter the length of the segment).
Petiole lengthened, its inflation variable.

Species small, ornamented with black and yellow.

Tiie insects of this group often have the clypeus armed with
two little separated teeth ; this part is in general moderately
rounded, but is at times lozenge-shaped, as in the division Ueros,
with the lateral angles sharp (Z. spinipes) ; the head and thorax
arc cribroso with great punctures, often rugose — the vertex offer-
ing frequently a corrugation which includes the antennae. The
thorax is generally short, and at times strongly angulate; the
mctathorax in particular is sometimes convex as with the true
Zdhus, and at times 1)ecomes angulate. The lateral ridges are
very distinct and the flanks beneath arc smooth, compared with
the rest of the thorax. The posterior face of the metathorax is
convex, having two convexities or moderately flattened eleva-
tions, always velvety, less punctured than the rest of the thorax,
and in general covered with stria3 or wrinkles, silky upon the
dividing groove. Sometimes the posterior face of the metathorax
is concave and offers under the post-scutel a little excavation,
which recalls what one sees among certain Odt/neiinse. One
often perceives, also, two longitudinal carina? which start from the
angles of the post-scutel.' When these carina) become enlarged,
they produce ridges which border the cavity (Z. miniatus).

The petiole is quite variable; sometimes the knob is elliptical
and depressed, but more often the swelling is moderately cylin-
drical ; at first somewhat large, it then diminishes in size gradu-
ally to the extremity. In fine, it inclines to the campanular form,
whether lengthened pyriform, or clubbed and calling to mind the
Eumenes or even tubular ; but the other characters always suffice

' When I flay: metathorax hioarinate, it i» meant that the cariiiie exist
on tlie posterior face of tlie metatliorax ; for as the lateral edgpH or ridges
are found on all the species, I do not mention them in the descriptions.

ZETHUS.

W

to enable one to distinguish these exceptional species from the
Eumenes (viz. : the clypous transverse and not longitudinal, the
mandibles truncate and not tapering, the head eniargiiiiite beiiind).
Tiie petiole is, in general, less strongly punctured than the thorax,
more strongly than the abdomen.

Among the species of this division the antenna; of the males
are terminated, sometimes by a rolled-up spiral, sometimes by a
hook. They form, in this way, two parallel series, based upon
this character; in each one of them one sees the second abdominal
segment at one time subsessile and at another becoming more and
more pediculatc. These two series continue in the Didymcgastra.
The two forms of antenna; combine with all the degrees of pro-
longation of the abdomen, thus showing that the character drawn
from the manner of termination of the antenna; is not of any
generic value.

As the most of the insects of this genus are not well described
in my " Etudes sur la Famille des Vespides" I will here give a
diagnosis of the species of Meridional America which I have
before my eyes : —

A. Antennae of the males terminated by a rolling-up spiral.

a. Petiole presenting a nodulous or ovoid expansion.

6. Z. arietis Fabb. — Niger, capite et thorace valde cribratis. Clypeus
cribratus, integer, apice subtruncatus. Pronotum vix carinato-margi-
natum; luetaiiotam minus rugosum, sericeuni, iu medio excavatum,
striatum. Petioli tumor baud nodosus, elongatua ut in Z. Wcstwoodi ,
at augustinr, uitidus, teiiuiter punctatus ; abdominis 2m segmeutum
paulum (sed distincte) petiolatum, elongatum, ovato-dilatatum (non
globoso-dilatatum ut in Z. s/nnipeile, Weslwoodi, etc.). Petiolus et pedes
rufi ; alas iufuscatse cyauese ; '^ autenuis subtus apicem versus fulvis.
Longit 0.017.

Vespa arietis Fabb. Eut. Syst. II, 1793, 282,— Oliv. Encycl. Metb. Ins.

II, 67G.
Polistes arietis Fadr. Syst. Piez. 280, 50.
Zethus arietis Sauss. Vespides, I, 14, 11 ; Rovue Zool. X, 1858, 64.

Hab. Brazil.

7. Z. ruflnodiis Latb.
Eumenes rujinoda Latr. Genera, IV, 1809, 137, pi. xiv, fig. 5. — Sauss.

Vespide.s, I, 42, 19.
Zethus ri{/inodus Sauss. Vespides, III, 118, 4, pi. vi, fig. 3, 9>

20

IIYMENOPTEKA Off AMEIUCA.

[I'AUT I.

May bo a variety of the precediug.
Hab. Antilles.

8. Z* piriformis Spin. — 9* Ater, nitidus, punctatus, scd uihiloininus
politus ; clypeo et fronte planatis; lUo apice subeiuargiiialo, uiaigiiio
punctato, de reliquo Ipevi, substiiato ; pronoto valde cii.stato-iiiargiiiato,
sed liaud bidoutato, poatacutello et inetauoto velutiiiis, argenteo-seriueirf,
hoc parum striate, supra utriiujue Ijevi; petiolo ovato-iuUato, iiitido,
puuctulato, margine Ihivo-liiubato ; secuudi segrnenti margine subja-
ceute producto ; reliqiiis valde punctatis ; anteniiis subtus apicem versus
I'errugiuesceutibus ; alia hyaliiiis, eosta aiiguste nigra; cellula 2'
cubitali trigonali.LougitO.UlT. — Variatsecuudo segmeuto llavo-limbato.

Zellius piriformis Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. X, 1841, 135. — Sauss. Vespides,

I, 15, 12.
Zethus binodis Sauss. (per errorem) Vespides, I, pi. viii, fig. 8.

Hab. Cayenne.

This species is remarkable for its body appearing smooth,
although punctured, having the punctures apparently effaced. I
cannot say with certainty if this is really the species described
by Spinola. The 2d segment of the abdomen is swelled suddenly,
and globular, a character which distinguishes this Zethus horn Z.
fraternus.

9. Z. fraterniis Sahss. — Niger, punctatiis; pnnctis 2 frontalibus
I^avis. Prouotum paulum cristato-marginatum. Scutellum convexum,
suico partituui. Metauotum minus punctatuoi, sericeum, clunibus
2 convexis, sulco'profuudo sejunctis et utrinque carina verticali spatium
striatum marginante instructis (nou sunt illse carina) Laterales met,\noti,
sed faciei postica;). Petiolus ovatus, sat brevis, punctatus, ma.'gine
flavo ; abdominis secundum segmcntum distincte potiolatum, ovato-dila-
tatum. Alje infuscatse, costa nigra, apice et postice parum obscurje.

■J . Clypeus in dimidia parte inferiore flavus margine infero recto, dentHms
2 distantibus nigris ; antennm subtus, apicem versus tlavje. Longit 0.016.

Zethus fratcrnus Sauss. Vespides, I, 1(5, 14, 1852; Revue Zool. X, 1858,
163.

Hab. Brazil (lower provinces). Typus in museo Saussuriano.

The swelling of the petiole is a little flattened, and wider than
in Z. piriformis ; the second segment is more briefly pediculate,
more gradually swelled and less globular. The body is more
strongly punctured.

ZETllUS.

21

10. Z. Westwoodi Sai-ss. — Niger, capite et tliorace giosse fomininatp-
cribiatirf , uietar.oto argeiiteo-sericeo ; alidouiiiie valde aureo-sericeo;
petioli auipliatioiio ovuta, elongata, haml clavata; secinulo .segmento
petiohito ; prouoti inargiuu, luacula subalari, suutulli.s, ut abd. segniun-
torum 1-2 uiargiiio, tlavis; alia iiifuscatis ; J clypeo integro utiiu4Uo
niargine llavo ; ^ clypeo Uavo, auteiiuis subtus et eoohlea fulvis.

Zillius Wcslwuodi Sauss. Vespides, I, 1852, ItJ, 15; III, pi. vi, Cg. 2, 9.
Total leugth, 18 luiu. ; wiug, 13 lum.

9. Clypcus polygonal, ciitiro, covered with coarse ]niiictiires ;
its inferior border a little truncated and retrousse. Head and
thorax covered with coarse crihriforin punctures; on the forehead
a feeble transverse depression, and above the insertion of each of
the antennic a vertical medial depression extending to the clypeus.
J'rothorax angulate; its anterior border edged jjy a crest in form
of a vertical lamina. Post-scutel unarmed. Metathorax rounded,
smooth, hairy, with little or no punctuation, and covered with a
silky down, in color strongly .silvery or a little golden ; its exca-
vation has its u[)per edges moderately distinct; the lateral edges
of the metathorax i)romincnt. Petiole smooth, shining, golden,
like the abdomen: the linear part almost naked, the expansion
much lengthened, oval, occupying most of its length, a little
s\vell(!d al)ove. The remainder of the abdonusn shining, distinctly
golden, garnished with a silky pile, having cuprens reflections.
Second segment ovate-globular, pedieulate, the pedicle occupying
a fifth of the length of the segment; the part swelled (or the
bell), wider than long, but less wide than the length of segment;
the secoi. . leaf of its border very prominent.

Insect black; on each side of the clypeus an oval spot, two
dots nbove the insertion of the antenmc, nuirgin of the prothorax,
a spot under the wing and scutels, yellow or orange. A border
of this color occupies the margin of the two first segments; that
of the first extending along the sides of the petiole (these mark-
ings are liable to be wanting, i)articularly on the head and the
prothorax). The remainder of the abdonien and the second
margin of the second segnumt, ferruginous. Antenna; and legs
black. Wings smoky, the anterior borders brown with a violet
reflection. Wing scales yellow or brown.

The % as large as 9 ; clypeus yellow, slightly bidentate (a
third hardly perceptible tooth between the two laterals). Fla-
gellum of the antenna) yellow beneath, especially under the

22

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

terminal bend, which is soraetitnes entirely tawny. The yellow
or tawny border of the prothorax is interrupted by some blaek
points in both sexes.

Var. Size small, 13 mill. Prothorax black.

liess. a. dijf. — Approaching to Z. aztecus, but very distinct
by the pedicle of the second segment being sensibly longer ; by
the petiole, of which the inflation is more lengthened, which does
not form any prominence above and which is not strongly punc-
tured.

Hab. The hot regions of the gulf side of Mexico. Tampico.

N. B. — The type from which I first described this species, /. /.,
has the "etiquette" i'efion de los Bafios, a locality of the valley
of Mexico (cold regie y. This sliould bo an error of the
"etiquette," for I have myself taken this species in the region
approaching the hotter zone of Mexico.

11. Z. Jurinei Sadss. — Gracilis, niger,niti(liis ; capiteetthorace tenui-
ter puuctatis (punctis quasi obliteratis) ; hoc iiitido, metaiioto brevi, albi-
dosericeo, planato. Petiolns ovatus, valde dilatatus »t niaxime deprensus,
nitidus, vis punctatus ; secundum abdom. segineulum basi petiolatum,
dein globoso-dilatatum, ut petiolus nitidissimuui ; segmenta reliqua
punctata. Pronoti uiargo, macula subalaiis et tegularum limbus poiiti-
cus, puncta 2 in scutello, maculte 2 lotundatie in metanoti parte imina,
flava; al)d. segmentorum limbus teuuissime albidus vel flavu3. Alie
infuscatiB. Longit, 0.015 mm.

% . Clypeus flavus, sericeus, superne niger, et margino tenuissime nigro,
subbidentato; antbiinsB subtus apicem versus fulvaj.

5 . Clypeus integer subtruncatus, uiger, subljevis.

Zethus Jurinei Sauss. Vespides, I, 1852, 15, 13; III, 118; Revue Zool. X,
1858, 162.

Hab. Antilles? South America. Caracas. (Typus in museo
Genevensi et Saussuriano.)

13. Z. nigricorilis n. sp. — Nigerrimus, nitidns, punctnlatus ; meta-
thoraceet abdomine cinereo-sericeis ; abdominis petioli margine et linea
Bubmarginali angusta 2< segment!, sulfureis ; alis infumatis, costa nigra ;
9 antennis et clypeo planato nigris, % clypeo albido, margine tenuiter
nigro ; aiiteunarum flagello subtus albido-annulato ; tibiis intermediis
linea albidaornatis.

5 % . Total length 15 mill. ; wing 10 mm.

The same form and sculpture as Z. aztecus. Jet black, im-
maculate, having 'only the yellow border of the petiole and a very

ZETHUS.

28

fino submarginal sulphur-yclluw lino on the 2(1 segment. The
unteiuiai qiiito black.

% . C\y [)vv^Jlullencd, only dclicatL'ly punctutc-strigatc, a littlo
trilobcd in iho middle of its inferior miirgin; metulliurtix not so
nineli hollowed posteriorly; a liltlo Klriyato on sides; the exca-
vation not margined at top ; the lateral cariniu very sharp and
prolonged nearly down to the end, not obsolete beyond tliu angle ;
the lateral faces polished. The swelling of the pet ule not so
oval, but more attenuated posteriorly ; the second segment more
pedieulate, so that it might bo almost classed in the Division
Did>jmo(jadra.

The body i.s not clothed with golden silky \\cav, but only with
a little grayish pulicscence on the metathoraM and abdomen ; the
face or clyi)eus not silvery as in Z. azterus.

%. Antenmc black; all the joints of the flagollum aiumlated
beneath at their base with pale-yellow; the first joint having its
)iiacu]a noar the end ; the scape black. Clyjieus broad, (Miad-
rangidar, transverse, whitish-yellow, not silvery; its inferior edge
black, widely emarginate, with 2 distant ♦ecth. The intermediate
tibiie ornamented before with a white line, running over the first
joint of the tarsi.

Hub. Mexico, the eastern Cordillera. Orizaba (Mr. Sumi-
chrast).

This species has the appearance of Z. Jurinei, because of its
oval petiole being posteriorly attenuated, and its black shining
color, but it is smaller ; its petiole is not impunctate, polished,
etc.

6. Swelling of the petiole cylindrical.
* iletathorax not excavated.

13* Z* Heydeni n. sp. — Niger, punctatus, tomento aureo ubique ves-
titus ; pronoto cristato-margiiiato, sed aiigulis haud spiuosio , petioli
tnmore cylindrico, subdepresso ; oorpore maxiuiH flavo-variegats ;
al'doininis segmentis omiiibua tenuiter flavo-liuitiati:^ ; pedibus flavis,
femorilius nigro-variis ; alls pellucidis, venis ferrugiiieis.

%, Maiidibiiliri et clypeo flavis ; boc in medio luar'^iue producto-truncato ;
anltnnisfulvis sub scapo I'a.scia flava, apiuo cochleatis.

Total leugth, 16 uim. ; wing, 11 lum.

9. Insect slender. Head wider than high, densely cribrose.
Thorax densely cribrose; prothorax Btro.igly flanged, but the

24

HYMENOl'TEllA OF AMERICA.

[PAUT I.

anjrlos not spiny; post-scutcl feebly J)ilul)atc; luftalliunix oori-
vox, slightly ilividoil by a simple fiirruw, strongly wrinkled — its
lateral edges Hliar[»ly carinate. I'otiolo of moderate length, its
enlargement not being oval but in form of a tube slightly flat-
tened, a little compressed behind, punctured; the remainder of
the abdomen pear-shaped, the 2d segment bell-shaped, a little
pediculate, slightly funnel-shaped, oll'ering a second distinct
border, not turned up at edge.

The whole insect of a shining black, everywhere garnished with
a pile of tawny hair; a transverse spot on the forehead, sinus of
the eyes, a spot behind each eye, a large border on the prothorax,
a spot under the wmg, wing scales, two spots on the scutelluni,
a band on the post-seutel, and two large spots on the posterior
face of the nietathorax, yellow. 8egmeiits of the abdomen all
luirrowly bordered with yellow; legs yellow, thighs varied with
black. Wings transparent, nervurcs ferruginous.

%. Clypeus yellow, convex, terminated by a truncate projec-
tion; mandibles yellow; antenna} enlirehj orange, or ferruginous,
only a little dull above; the scape marked with a yellow lino;
the 3 last articles forming a rolled spiral.

Ress. a. diff. — This species is distinguished by the color of
its antenna), and especially by the form of its petiole. This form
rcsendjles a little that of Z. miniatus, but that nas the angles of
tho prothorax dentiform and the petiole more cylindric and
coarsely cribrose.

The Z. Heydeni is much less coarsely cribrose than the Z.
Aztecus, Westivoodi, or chri/soj}ie7'us, which it slightly roscnddes ;
and the exceptional form of the clypeus, %, also distinguishes it
clearly : for with these species the clypeus is large, cpjadrnte, tho
same as with the Z. Jurhiei, which is less punctured and has the
wings obscure. The enlargement of the petiole is also very much
more glob ilar than among all these species.

Finally, this Zethua might be confounded with some one of
those species described by Smith, and which we cite at the end
of the genus; but tho author having omitted to indicate divisions
into which these species enter, or the characters which permit one
to classify them with precision, it is not possible to recognize
them with certainty. The Z. carinalus presents much the same
appearance, but it is very much smaller.

JIab. Brazil. (Museum of Senkenberg.)

ZETHUS.

ii.)

This charming iu.soct was coiiiumiiicatt'cl to inc by Mr. Uo
Iloyden.

*• Metathorax excavated ; the fxcnrntinn maryinid loitli iKarp carina.
t Thiirax tttort, ijudilratH or roitmlnl,

14» Z. OlmecilS n. sp. — Nii,'er, tliornci' crasse, metanoto orassiswme
foveolato-puiictato ; metanoto valde excavato, acutissiino cariii.Uo ;
petioli tuinore cyliiidrico, rngosirisiino, cariiiato ; iiiaiidiliulis, clypt'",
punctis 2 froiitalilnis, 2 scutelli nt 2 post-scutt'lli, inaiu'iiiiMjnH SHiiinpii
tonim 1', 2', llavis ; pronoto rufo-niaculato ; femoribus posticis suhde-
formibus.

Total length, 11 mill. ; wiug, 8 mm.

9. Smaller than most of the prcct'ding'. Head nio(l<'rato,
covered with scattered moderate punctures. Maiidil)lcs widened
to beyond the middle; the cutting border oljlicpie, having an
acute point, a rounded tooth, and an obtuse lobe. No transverse
carina above the antenna;. The vertex having a little arcuate
dei)rcssion behind the ocelli. Thora.x short; i)rothorax attenuated
anteriorly; its anterior border crested, the crest forming on each
side a little acute but not marginal angle, the antt-rior nmrgin
being much narrower than the rest of the tliomx; the lateral
parts of pronotum not margined. Scutel rather salient; j)ost-
seutel destitute of tubercles, quite truncate, having a j)osterior
face, punctate along its superior arcuated margin. Aietatliorax
quite angular in shape, as in some OJi/nerus; its whole posterior
face occupied by a large and deep sericeous excavation margined
by very sharp and prominent carina), starting from the angles of
the post-scutel ; the top of the carina) separated from the post-
scutel by a fissure ; the inferior extremity of the posterior carinae
meeting the lateral sharp carinoe, and forming with theni a sharp
angle ; the upper side of metathorax divided into two triangles
included between the carime. The thorax covered with very largo
but not deep punctures; still larger on the metanotum, where they
are nearly little gro'^ves. >tiole having its swelling cylindrical,
extremely coarsely punctured, the piinctures very large and con-
fluent; the middle somewhat carinated by the rough sculpture,
the extremity a little contracted and with a large groove ; on
each side in the middle an obsolete sort of a tooth ; the anterior
extremity of the swelling truncate, polished. Second segment
subsessile, convex beneath at base, but not tuberculous; tenuously

36

IIYMKNOPTKRA OP AMKUICA.

[I'AllT I.

piitietiirt'd, Imt not inoro on its iiiur},'iri tliau elscwhorc ; the third
isejiftiutiit (loii.sL'ly piiin'tiitc; tlif (ollowiiig iiiiiniiiclured ; t lie first
iiiar;,'iii of tlie 2d a little arcimfe and deprossod in the middle;
the second liiMicllar niurj^in of lM and od srfrnuiit fjrowing a littlo
wider on the .sides; that of the ^d rather transversely cut out in
the nnddle third. Posterior til)iie urcuutcd, a little defornu^d.

JJIack, with a very dull silky relleelion, rather fulvous. Mouth,
mandihles, and dypeus, yellow, a little orange, or reddish at top
of elypeurf. Seape and the end of (lagelluin beneath, yellow i>b
or tawny. Two tspots over the antenna-, two lines on the vertex
starting from the eyes, and tW(j lines behind the eyes, not marginal,
tawny. JJotii nnirgins of i)rothora.\ and two spots on the lateral
inargin.s of seutellum, yellowish-tawny ; two spots on the edges
of post-scutel, the margin of petiole and a narrow yellow sub-
marginal line on the second segn)ent, yellow; aiitericn- feet more
or les.s ferruginous or yellow-tawny l)eneath. Wing.s subhyaline ;
veins brown ; 2d cubital cell lengthened at base (ou the bide
looking to the base of the wing).

9. Clypcua rounded, densely and strongly punctured; a little
velutinous ; its inferior margin areiuite, not truncate; nor cmargi-
nate; its summit a little carinate. The head beneath and around
the mouth, post-sternum and anterior coxie, sulphur-yellow.

%. Clypcus a littlo wider, having the same shape and color as
in the 9. The oblique cutting border of mandibles with but 2
littlo notches. Antenna; tawny beneath ; the last two joints obtuse,
forming nearly a hook. Anterior tiI)iiTe, tarsi, and thighs beneath
ferruginous; intermodiato tibia; beneath and 1st, 2d, and 3d joints
of the tarsi beneath yellow ; the 3d segment slightly margined
with yellow.

Var. Prothorax black, with its angles and two marks, tawny,

Ildh. ^lexico. The Oriental Cordillera. Orizaba (Mr, Sumi-
chrast).

7iV,>s. a. diff. — This is a very distinct species in the remarka-
ble form of its metathorax and the rugosities of its petiole ; quite
different from all other Mexican Zelkas, except from vhipe.alus.
It differs by its more excavated metathorax, the excavation being
polished and more carinated, and by its prothorax, more rounded
anteriorly, not square shaped nor crested on the sides ; by its
rougher petiole, carinated in the middle, etc. It has such
an extraordinary resemblance to Z. viiniatus that it might be

ZKTIILS. 27

coiisitlercd a Mexican variety of tiiis ; but it lias the iiuui(lil)ies a
little less indented, tlie petiole a little tliieker and shorter; the
laiuelltt of 3d sej^nieiit less out out ; and a less high coloration.

Jt approaches in the same way toward Z. hhii/nlus.

It (lill'ers \'n)n\ Z. (oHt'cvii\)y its bliort thorax, the carina' of
metuthorax which converLre on each «ide to a sharp angle, etc.

Its appearance is that of a trne Ztlhu,<.

JIab. Mexico. The Oriental Cordillera, Orizaba (Mr. Suiui-
chrast).

15. Z. miniatlis' Sauss. — ParvulnH, niger, caput el thorax mediocriter
pioluiide imiictata; inoiiotum urislato-marginatuiu, angulis Hi)iniforuii-
bus ; iiie.souoti di-scus sulois 2 profuiidis brevil)U« e .sciUnllo enifrgeiiti-
\)\\4 iiotatus ; post-sciitt-lluin aii^'iilatuin, ui.irgiue postieo .subcom;avo, et
in latt-ribus cristulis 2 (ut deiitibus o scutelli angulis eini.ssis) in-
stiuetuui ; metauotum fenugiiiHum nuixime cecavatuiit, utiiiujue crista
verticali e post-scutelli angulis eniissa iiistructiiii! ; petiolus cyliiidricus
riiijoslssime crihratns; si'c-iuido scgniento glolxiso-dilatato, sub.-<c.ssile.
Caput fulvo sericeuin, auiantiacuni, froiite iiigro; niandibulis «t aiiteii-
iiis anrautiacis ; ])roiiotuin, niaculie subaiarea et scutellares, aurantiaca;
abd. segmenta tenuissime flavo-liiubata; aim secuiiduii" uostaiii iiifus-
catse ; pedes anlici et iiiteriiiedii aurantii. Longit, O.oll uii,\.

Clypeus 9 discoidalis, % subtruncatus ; in utroque sexu aurautiacua.
Autenuae 'J, apice vix cochleatre.

Ztthus miniatua Sauss. Revue Zool. X, ISIjS, 64.
JJnl). Para. (Typus in luusco Saussurlauo.)

16. Z. lobiilattis Sacss.

Zcihus lobulatus Sauss. Vespides, III, IIG, 2, pi. vi, fig. 4, J, 1854.

Hab. Brazil. Amazon.

•ft Thorax elongate, attenuated anteriorly, elUptieal.

11^. Z. Tolteciis 11. .tip. — Niger, cinereo-sericeus, punctnlatus ; tborace
flongato, depresso, autice attenuato ; nietanoto orassissime foveolato-
puiictato, 4-eariuato, foveola quadralH, inter carinas instructo; pi'tiolo
cylindrico, rugosissimo ; 2^ segnieiito subtus basi tul)ert^ulat() ; clypeo
transverso, rotundato ; autennis subtus, mandibulis, capite subtus, linea

' Perhaps a variety of the following, with the second cubital cell less
retracted, bi this the excavation of the border of the Second segment
was probably due to au accident of nature.

•

•

28 llYMKN<tl'TKllA UF AMKUII'A. [I'AItT I.

poat-iicninri, pnnctin 2 proiioti ct ticiitt'lli, Jiiarnliit* nbdoiniiiirt segnuMi-

toi'Uiii l->, -^, coxi.H iwlil)iis(|iii) aiiticis, lliivis. '^ .

TulitI luiigth, 12 mm.; viiiig, b^ mm.

lloiul modcratp, niodcratcly piiiicturcd ; tlio trcnolinnt marj^iri
of umiHliblos very idtsdlcU'Iy lolu'd. Tliunix tUnniate and
(li'prcssi'd, polished, (;()V(r('d witli dclicutc; |Miiirtiirt'S, liuviiiif ti
toiidt'iicy to slriiu, but the pleura; covorcil with stronger seiittfrrd
punctures, iiiucli attenuated anteriorly and posteriorly; its ante-
rior nuirgln short, nuirgined ; the disk of the niesothorax (hit toned,
with two suleosc jdaees at base ; seutelluni llalteiied, not divided by
a sulcoso basin, post-seutollmu very snnill; inetiitlmriix eloiiti-ate,
obli(|ue, trian^ijular, very coarsely punctured (or rather retieulate-
ru}?ose) ; its lateral cariiuu very sharp, the sides uniler the cariuiu
polished, but a little reticulated near th<' cariiuc, posterior faco
liavinjj; two stronj? cariiiic, starting? from the unjjle.s of the ))ost-
Bcutcl, the extremities of which do not meet the lateral carinie;
the space between the iinddle carina; lorminir as(pnire excavation,
rather widened jjosteriorly, polished, furnished with \i.Vi\\ seri-
ceous liair, as al.so the terminal acute angled of mctathorax,
behind the end of the middle carime.

Petiole (as In Olmcva!<) cylindrical, truncate and polished in
front, extremely coarsely punctured, very rugose, a little carinated
at base, the extremity marked with a semicircular groove, and
also constricted on each side. Second segment of abdomen
rather elongate, a little depressed, with quite delicate oblicpie
punctures ; the punctures beneath stronger, on the base swelled
tubii.'ulously ; the first margin above slightly angular in the
middle, the subjacent lamina very salient on tiie sides but very
little in the middle; margin of the IJd segment arcuate, the
lamellar etlge strongly and broadly cut out In the middle.

Black, furnished with silvery hairs (except on the bead, whore
they are yellowish); a line of them behind the eyes (but ??o^
marginal) and a line on the scape, yellow; the flagcllum of 9 be-
neath yellowish-ferruginous ; two dots on the prothorax, two on the
scutel, margin of petiole and a fdiform line on tlu^ upper nmrgin
of the 2d segment, yellow ; prosternum, anterior coxie, and legs,
yellow; intermediate knees and tibia) annulated with yellowish-
brown. AVings washed with brownish, with a golden reflection.

9 . Clypeus In a rounded lozenge-shape, truucate at the top and

1

ZETHL.S.

29

rxtrcmity, hut witliout iiiijrics, (k'licatcly pimcturod-strigutu.
(,'lypi!us, iimmliblfs, und tlio uiidur piirt of the head, yt'Uow.

lii'An. a. <li(/'. — 'I'lii.s Hpocios Ims just tlio Kiiin(! lorni of homl and
clypous and just tlio .same system of colonitioii as /f. (flinrrus ;
the petiole is also tiic same, but tlie thorax, h-nj^tiifiied, flattened,
very delicately punctured, the nietathorux less oxcuvated, with
not Ko salient eariniu, niako it easy to dislin^niish. The niiddlo
carina} of nictatliorax stop before reachin<^ tho lateral cariniu.
The nppeuraneo of tho Insect is quite dilVerent, and it looks nioro
like a DUarlian {!). zoiwUx) than like a Zcthiin; and this
iippearance, due to tin; elonj^ate thorax, distinguishes it ulso from
/f. )ni)ii(i/n>i and lohulalna.

llab. Mexico. Oriental Cordillera (Mr. Sumlchrarit).

B. Antcvtiie of the males tr.rminali'd hj a hook.

a. Species having the fijipcarnnce of the true /iethus, Ifvoil wldir than h!i/h;
thorax short, not heimj one and a half timi'g longer ih'in wide; dihilu-
ti'in of the petiole ellipliad or cylindrical, a little contracted behind ; the
second segment of the abdomen inj'urm of a globular bell.

IS* Z. spinipes Sav. — Mcdius, niger, nitiilua, densissime et gro.sse
fribrato-imiictiitiH ; punctis 2 frontal ibus Jliivis ; ilypeo hito, 9 i>igi'o»
sul)bi(lHntato, rugorfHcribrato; ^ punctato, albi'lo, surpra nigro; anteimid
9 atris, 'J, linea in scapo albido; abdominis sooundo segmento minus
conspicue punctato, subpedunculato ; pctiolo inflato, campanulato, grosse
punctate, apii^e flavo-marginato. — Variat 9 % pronoto, latnril)us, scu-
ttillis, albido variegatis tit abdominis yucundo Hegmento marginu albido.

Zethus spinipes Say, Bost. Jouru. I, 1837, 387, 9- — Sauss. Vespides, III,

122, 10.
Eumenes snhstrictn IIald. ! I'roc. Acad. Phila. II, 1844, 54. — Sauss. Ves-

pides, III, U>2, 42.
Zethus variegatus^ Sacss. Vespides, I, 13, 9, 9 1 18^2 ; Ruvue Zool. X,

1858, OG.
Enmencs penxylvanica Halp. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1853, 305, %.
Zvthus bicolor Bauss. Vespides, I, 17, K, %.

9. Insect of medium size ; ocelli disposed in a wide trianj^Ie.
Clypcn.5 having tho form of a Iran.'fverKe lozenr/e, twice as wide
as long ; having the lateral extremities very sharp, and its aute-

' The collection, with bad locality marks, of M. do Rom&nd, has leil me
into very many errors.

80

IIYMENOPTERA OP AMEIUCA.

[part I.

rior border armed with two little distant teeth. Head extremely
dilated at the vertex, atroisgly excavated behind, wider than the
thorax. Thorax very short, not being one and a half times
longer than wide. Prothorax slightly retracted before, its ante-
rior margin bordered by a sharp projection, Avliich forms on each
side an indistinct angle. Mcsothorax carrying on its posterior
part four longitudinal furrows, and upon its anterior part one
middle groove. Scutellum divided by a sinus. Metathorax
olVering a feeble concavity, wrinkled nnd striate. Petiole moder-
ately short, its expansion globular, having almost the same form
as in the Z. arruleipeniuH, but less contracted behind and trun-
cate ; the second segnnjiit gl()l)uIar-ovatc, but depressed.

Insect black, polished and shining. The metathorax garnished
with a grayi.'-h pile. Clypeus, head, thorax, and petiole densely
oribrose with great punctures: this last carrying near its terminal
border a large sunken place. Abdomen sown with liner punctures,
sometimes vcay line. There is often a slight depression toward
the middle of the border of the second segment. A frontal dot at
the insertion of each of the anteninc, the border of the prothorax
or only two spots upon the shoulders, often a spot below the
wing, a band or two spot.s upon the scutellum and the anterior
border of the post-scutel, and also two spots at bottom of the
metathorax, of a pale yellow. ^largin of the petiole, and a
narrow border along the margin of the second segment, of the
same color Feet black. Wings brown, with violet reflcitions.

%. Smaller. Clypeus wide, moderately rounded, not having
a lozenge shape, its inferior border straight, hardly bitubcreulate.
This part cither wholly or only in its inferior moiety, whitish.
The scape of the antenna before, is ornamented with a whitish
mark ; the terminal hook black ; on the face is often a little
yellow dot at the side of the insertion of each of the antennte.
The third abdominal segment is often adorned with a whitish
border. This is the E. nibslrida Ilald. The female presents
the same variations.

Var. a. Scutcls, prothorax, and two great spots on the meta-
thorax yellow {Z. vnt'iegnfus, bicolor).

b. Often the scutels have hardly any spots, nnd the second
segment is scarcely edged with pale yellow (Z. subslrictun).
sometimt

igs

•rrugii

c. Certain specimens are entirely black, with a little yellow

ZETIIUS.

81

al)out the end of tlio petiole. Tlifsc are tlic Z. spinipes Say (9 ),
ami the Kiowtics p('ii.-<i/lrn))ica Ilald. {%).

d. Quite black; the clypmis iiiargiued with yellow {%) (Mis-
souri ; Edw. Norton).

The punctures vary quite notaldy among this species. The
head and the thorax are very coarsely cribrose; with the 9, the
clypeus is strongly rugose; the vertex often becomes shining
from u.se. Among the 9, the eiypeus is less strongly crilin)se.
'I'lio second segment is .sometimes hardly at all, sometimes (piite
strongly punctured. A specimen from Florida has the swelling
of the petiole very coarsely cribrose.

Bess, a. dijj'. — Easily recognizable by its size, which ir, Fiu>o"ior
to that of all the following species, and by its violet v, ;iufs

Hub. United States. Conn., Tu., 111., Tenn., liul., F!a. (U 9, v

Nota. — As I have already said {loc. cit.), the descript n ^riven
by Say is very defective, and calls for an interpretation. ^Vllen
this author says: "Peduncle rather slender," it is without com-
parison with the other species, the most of which iie did not
know. The "pieeous dentate band of the margin of the p<'dunele"
is but the subjacent doultle nnirgfns, which do not make it dentate
except in the color. The " posterior margin abruj»tly and
smoothly impressed of the 2d segment," alludes to the subjacent
lamina on the border of the seg.nent which are salient in almost
all the insects of this genus, and which apjjcar like a ;iion; dis-
tinct border tlian the veritable margin of the segment, which has
the yellow band. l?y " tii)iaj spinous behind;" the author means
without doubt the pi«stcrior cxhrmiti/ (which oflers a very short
border) armed with stylets common to all the Vci*pi<Jc>i. (From
tliis th(; name tfpinipcN.) Finally, the author says that the second
segment "has a distinct neck a( base," wliieli signifies a very short
neck, for if it had been long, the word distinct was out of place.
Tliin species is not then a Didi/nKx/asfra, but really i true Zi-I/iuk
(or Zffhusrulun), which nmkes us think, that it really is, without
any d^oulH, the present species

19. /. (t|»iH«»Mlil S.ujss. (Ficf. 2. 2rT.) — Parvnlus, ni£rt»r; capita, ttio-
rac** ft pftiol'i «f<«ne perprUirafin ; clypt'o inti'gro, J nii^rn-scriivo, "^
flavo ; fr*/nt<^ caiitia traiiHverda et liiiea flava ; prniioti iii.irf^ine trista-
tUsiiuo poBtictttfUoque *pinoso fasoia flava ; putiolo cylindrioo, rngoso,

32

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMBF.'CA.

[taut I.

flavo-marcinato; spRTiiciiti:^ tctiuiter flavo-1 uibatis ; secuudo sericeo,
uitido, puiictato ; alis subliyaliui.s.

Zelhus spinosus Sauss. Revue Zool. IX, 1857, 270.

Total leugth, 13 mm. ; wiiit;, i) mm.

9. Small, c.\ocss<iv('ly nij^ose. Ilond .'argo, dilatotl and con-
vex, densely criljroHo with great pits; fact carrying a trannversu
ridge, wliieli ccjvers llie insertion of the anteiMiui. Clyjieus almost
transverse, convex, punctured, but much less rugose than the
head; covered with a pile of dull gray silky hair; its inferior
border entire; the middle of this border a little arched. Thorax
all cril)rose with large sunken pits resembling a sieve. Its ante-
rior i)order carrying a transverse rim in the form of a quite pro-
udnent lamina, which prolongs itself a little at the sides, descend-
ing along the margin of the prothorax. Post-scutel armed in the
middle with a spiniform sharp and raised tooth, oi' rather, with a
spine. The concavity on the posterior truncracd face of the
metathorax is divided by a furrow. Fhe metathorax is very
angulate; its lateral ridges very sharj) ; its posterior concavity
very distinct, striate, bordered l»y two parallel longitudinal
ridges, beyond which the metathorax is again cpiite rugose.
Petiole as rngnae as the thorax; its base alone smooth; its
exjiansion lengthened, cylindrical, l)ut little contracted behind,
and cribrose with very large confluent punctures. Second seg-
ment globular-ovate, a little pediculate, its pedicle hardly equal-
ling a sixth the length of the segment. This segment is ])olished,
shiidng and s(!riceous, although punctured, and appearing as wide
as long when examined from al)ove.

Insect l)lack, with a transverse line on the face, a little dot
behind each eye, margin of prothorax, post-scutel, two pyriform
lines on the metathorax and a line on the border of segments 1,
2, 3, yellow. Sometimes also all the segments are l)ordered by a
yellow or ferruginous band, and the last segments now and then
ferruginous. Legs black ; tarsi and tibia; garnished with silky
ferruginous hair; anterior knees sjjotted with yellow; interme-
diate tibiie with a yellow line ; the femora with a spot at end.
Wing scales black, terminated behind by a yellow point by the
side of which is a little yellow process. Wings sub-smoky, with
brown nervures ; the 2d cubital cell triangular, quite coutracled
anteriorly.

ZETHUS.

33

%. Clypeus traiisvcrso fniadrato, cither wholly palc-y(.'lh>w', or
only its lowur part; interior margin enliro and arcuate; the last
two articles of the antcnna3 tawny beneath.

]'(!}'. (I. Two yellow spots on the scutellnin.

h. The yellow mark of the frontal ridjie and that on the post-
scutel, interriii)ted ; the face presenting but two yellow points.
The border of the prothorax is sometimes sprinkled with l)laek
dots.

c. The yellow markings hardly visible. Prothora.x lilack.
Legs black; wings a little smoky, with some ferruginous tints and
the nervures brown.

d. The .'^[line of post 8cutel yellow or black.

c. In small specimens, principally %, the spine is obliterated,
or replaced by u little longitudinal carina.

/'. The iiedunele of the 2d segment rather longer; the spine
of post-scutel obliterate.

;/. The extreme edge of the clypeus % black, or partly black,
which causes very fallacious appearanoos.

liess. a. diff. — This si)ecies is very distinct, l»y its ridges,
prominences, and rugosities, by the veiy huge punctures of its
petiole, and especially by thi' long spine of its post-scutel.

llab. The gulf side of Mexico, in the warm jiarts. Tamaulipas,
Ilnasteca. etc. Very C"niin(iii in Tampico. I have taken a seiu'e
of s]K'cimens in view of the town of Pueblo-Viejo, against posts
exposed to the sun. Various spt^cimons also from Orizal)a.

Fig. 2. The insect seen in profile, enlarged. 2, b. Its uatural size. Fig.
2, 'J. Tlie abdomen more enlarged.,

20. aj. imitato^r n. sp. — Xiuer, cra.spe. dense punctatus: metiinoto
111 i-r.-tsse punot^to; petioio ovato-eylinilrico. crassissinie c!ril)r;ao ;

pniiciis 2 flypei; 2 frontis, pronnti mariiine, luneula sulialari, teguiiiruni
liiiii)o, sentelli fascia interrapta, post-sciiti'lli f.-ciia, luaciilis 2 nn'tanoti.
.nlt.ioininis r-ejueutorum 1^-J3 limlio angurite, tiiiij.-que iutermediLs Ijusi
extus, flavis. 5 .

Total length, 12.^ mm. ; wing, 9 mm.

9. Forra «nd srinititnre about the same as in spin>»iins. Head
snnill. (^fvpeus nnw-h rougher, very coarsely and conflucntly
pniiotun*d. in»f Woan but rounded, more prolonged and truni ate.
A carina l)e»we»*ri the iintenniP, prnlonired on the clyi»eus. The
rest of tile punctuations about the suiue, very rough. Prothorax
3

34

IIYMENOPTKRA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

a littlo more elongate; its angles very prominent; the post-
scutelluin quite destitute of a spine. Metathorax triangular, not
carinated and not so rough. I'etiole a little le.ss eylindrical, a
little more swollen, coarsely cribrate; the beginning of the
swelling punctate like the rest, not polished (as if snx'lted) as in
spi.nosiDi; 2d segment less globular, more pyriform, only punctate
along its margin.

The ornaments more numerous than in spinoftiis, having a spot
on each side of the clypeus, two on the face, the scape beneath,
the border of prothora.x, a macula under the wing, edges of the
tegula), an interrupted fascia on the scutel and on the post-scutel,
two macula; on the nietathorax, margin of petiole and a sulinmr-
ginal line on the edge of the 2d and 3d segments, yellow. The
rest of the abdomen brownish; an abbreviated yellow fascia on
the intermediate tibiie. Wings hyaline, a little brownish along
the anterior margin ; the 2d cubital cell not anteriorbj contracted,
having a distinct radial border.

jf?(;.s.s. a. diff. — This species slightly resembles Montezumre but
is very distinct by the rest of its coloration, by its swollen, not
dejM'cssed, and more coarsely cribrose i)etiole; and by the second,
more giol)ular, less elongate segment of the abdomen.

It differs lYom azte.cua and Wcdwoodi by its more sessile 2d
segment, its more coarsely cribrose and more cylindrical petiole,
it> maculated nietathorax, without excavation, only parted by a
suleosity ; smaller head, rough clypeus, etc.

It is nevertheless an embarrassing species, intermediate between
spmnsux and Muntezumie. ,

Hub. Mexico; the Oriental Cordillera (Mr. Sumichrast).

91. Z. clypearis n. sp. — Niger, crassissirae rlonse cribrato-punctntas ;
proiioto ittjute Riigalato; nit'tanoto 4-c;iriiiato, post-scutel li anqnlis
dMiiiforiniliu?! ; petiolo ovato tumiilo; pniictis 2 frontalibns, pronoti
iiiargiiie, puuctia 2 sout.'lll et 2 post-scutelli margineqne petioli, flavis ;
ninrgi )e 2' et 3'' seguicuti siiiuato, liuea prsemarginali flava; alis
fumosis. % .

Total length, 13 mm. ; wiug, 9 mm.

Form and punctures as in Z. spiuonKf^. The head very little
wider than the thorax; the thorax short, crested in front, very
square anteriorly ; its angles .sharp, a sort of crest bordering the
sides of pronotum up to the wing-scale. Scutel rather salient ;

ZETIIt'S.

35

post-Rcutel truncate, somewhat <'inars?inate ; its angles seen from
before, elevated as two trianj^ular teetii. Head and thorax quite
densely crihroso with very coarse confluent punctures; the scutcl
divided by a flat line. Metathorax coarsely but not so deeply
cril)rose, short; its lateral edges very sharp ; the posterior face
having two strong vertical carinas, starting from the angles of
the post-scutel, but not going down to the extrenuty ; the channel
between them punctate; the sides of thorax as cribrose as the
dorsum, those of the metathorax not quite so rough. Petiole
quite coarsely cribroso, rather bidentate, with the anterior side
polished, inipunctate (as if smelted) as in aztecus, but the swelling
not cylindrical (as in aztecufi) but oval, thick, and truncate as in
otomitus. The 2d segment subsessile (its form being a half
sphere), and punctured ; its second lamellar edge wide, getting
wider on the sides. The lirst border of the 3d segment advanced
in the middle ; the 2d lamellar border sinuate, advanced in tlie
middle, and emarginate on each side ; getting wider outside of the
eniargination. The other segments very delicately punctate.

Jilack ; the pilosity brown ; that of the abdomen long and ful-
vous on the 2d and 3d segment. A line on the anterior nmrgin
of the mandibles, two spots over the antenna;, anterior border of
prothorax ; two dots on the angles of scutel, two on the post-
scutel, posterior border of petiole, and submarginal border of 2d
and 3d segments, yellow. The posterior margin of prothorax and
the margin of the tegidte, brown ; the second border of 2d and
3d segment piceous. Knees and tarsi brownish ; a yellow macula
at end of the 1st femora; a yellow line on the 1st and 2d tibiie
outside ; this sometimes tawny. Wings clouded with brown,
with yellowish reflection.

% . Clypeus rather rounded, black, very coarsely cribrose, its
inferior margin with three indentations in the middle, two little
carina; terminating in the external teeth; its surface very convex,
having a very prominent transverse swelling, somewhat like a
very obtuse carina ; a yellow triangle with the angle turned
downwards extends from that swelling to the end, and terminates
in the mi(hlle indentaticm of the inferior niargin. Antennae
rather thickened, terminated by a short biarticulate ferruginous
obtuse hook.

Bess. a. diff. — This very remarkable species comes quite near
to Z. spinosus, from which it difiers by its bidentate, not spined

86

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

post-scutel and by its square, aiiglud, not contracted i)rotliorax ;
l»y its motatliorax and petiole, etc. Tlio very coarse punctation
and very particular details of form of all the parts of the body
distinguish this species from all the other Mexican Zelhus, except
from Olint'cioi with which it must be compared.
Hab. Mexico. The Oriental Cordillera, Orizaba.

22. Z. Aztecus Sads-s. (Fig. 1, In.)— Niger, rugose punotatuB ; pronoto
antice valde ciistato ; frouto trans versim in liueiim elevato, llavo-
bipunctato; peliolo ovato-inflato, orawse punctato; secundo segmento
subpetiolato, fulvo-sericeo ; pronoti margine, macula subalari, scutelli
maculis 2, po.st-scut«lli fascia abdominisque segmeutorum 1-3 limbo,
Uavis ; alis subhyalinis.

Zetlius azHcus Sauss. Revue Zool. IX, IS.*)?, 270.

Total length, 15 mm. ; wing, 10 mm.

9. Head, thorax and petiole cribroso with coarse crowded
punctures, but less rough than with Z. critifalus and Z. spinosiis.
Clypeus polished, cribrose with more distant obliijue punctures,
and hardly notched on its inferior border; the emargination
divided by a little middle tooth; a little wavy transverse carina
on the vertex, forming a sort of extension upon the insertion of
the antenniB. Clypeus and orbicles rather silvery. Prothorax
bordered by a vertical lamina in form of a crest, but which does
not prolong itself upon the sides. Mctathorax furrowed, with the
concavity bordered above and furnished with a pile of gray hairs,
having a slight tawny reflection. Post-scutel unarmed. Swelling
of the petiole neither cylindrical nor globular, but oval, and, as
seen in profde, dilated above. Second segment ovate-globular,
not eidarging itself as suddenly as in the Z. C7'ista(us; but it has
no more length of pedicle, and the same silky, golden reflection.

Insect black ; two dots on the forehead, border of prothorax,
a spot under the wing, two on the scutel, the post-scutel, and the
border of segments 1, 2, 3 orange-yellow. Wing-scales often
touched with yellow. These colors offer the same variation as in
the spccij'S cited; the crest of the vertex being often adorned with
a yellow line, while the metathorax has no spots of this color.'

' At least in my specimens. It will not do, however, to accept this as
a constant character.

ZETIIUS.

37

FcetWack; tarsi rather fernigiuoiis. Wings transparoiit, cloudril,
yellowish-browu, with the uervures brown — tiiuir relli-fliuii
gulden-gray.

%. Anterior border of the clypous nntrlied ns in tlic femnio;
the angles of tlie indenture in tlie form of toetli, the middle tooth
smaller than the lateral. All the clypeus eovered with a silvery
down; its lower moiety of a yellow color, as well as a line upon
the scape of the antenna;. Mandibles yellow in front, the end of
the antenna; black, the hook elongate, edged, and sharp; the
terminal joints sometimes a little rolled up.

Jlcffx. a. (liff. — It is a little smaller than Z. Wcstwoodi, and is
distinguished from it by its more swelled and more coarsely punc-
tured petiole, by its more indented, more strongly punctured
clypeus, etc. It has the form of Z. apinosus, but it ha.s no j)ost-
scutellar spine, etc.; and although rather coarsely punctured,
that is really less so than this s|»ecies.

Ilab. Mexico, on the gulf side. Tampico.

Fig. 1. The male enlarged. Fig. 1, a. Tlie head of the male seen from
before.

Observation. — The figure 1 is not entirely patisfattory : the head not
snflieiently thick, and the second abdominal segment with the pedicle a
little too long.

23> Z. OtomitUS n. sp. — Niger, den-^e punctatus ; capite et thorace
cinereo-, abdomine fulvo-hirto; anteunis iiigri.s, Huapo linea tiara;
punctis 2 frontalibus, pronoti margine, fascia post-scutelli, alidomiuis(|n«
segmentorum 1-3 linea marginali, flavin ; jietiolo ovato-tumiilo nitido,
puiictato, apice truncato, superne impressione transvcrsali ; genibus et
tarsis fuscescentibus ; alis fuaco-aureo nebulosis. — ^ clypeo trapezino,
fascia submarginali llava.

Total length, 14 mm. ; wing, 10 mm.

%. Quite the same form and punctuation as Z. azfecus. But
the clypeus not square, more triangular, wide inferiorly, narrowed
at the summit, or rather in the form of a half circle, a little con-
vex, densely punctured; the inferior margin wide and transverse;
with a wide transverse emargination and two little teeth. A pale
yellow band occupies the inferior part, but the extreme margin
is black. The flagelluni of the antennic quite l)lark ; only the
hook is ."sometimes brown beneath. The lateral carina; of the
metathorax a little more pronounced ; the petiole not so coarsely
punctate, a little wider behind, more truncate, somewhat as in

38

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

Hpinipcs; tlie 2d segment without any impression before its
border; scutel black; no macula under the wing. The interme-
diate femora liave no yellow fascia;. The wing.s arc washed with
brown, with a golden rellection ; the 2d cubital cell generally
triangular ; its radial side wanting or quite short.

Clypeus and boad gray-silky; abdomen golden-silky as in
Z azU;vu?.

liao. Mexico ; the Oriental Cordillera. Orizaba. (G %
sent by Mr. Sumichrast.)

It is not without hesitation that I separate this spocios from Z.
nzlecus; but the clypeus is decidedly of a different form, and the
coloration is quite the same in my six specimens, seeming to in-
dicate a decided species. The end of the antenna) is quite black
as in Aztecus.

34> Z* chrj* 30pterus Sauss. — Niger, ferrugineo-liirtus, statnrje Z.
Wfstwovili ; capite latiore quaia lougiore, dense— punctate Tliorax
valile punetatus, retiealato-rugosus ; pronoti margiiie crintato, angulia
promineiitibiis ; scutello suleo partito; luetauoto l»vi, hirsuto, postice
foveola (listincta, carinis longitudiiialibus 2 riiargiuata instruuto. Petio-
lu« ovato-cylindricns, inflatus, parte linear! basali brevissiina ; secun-
dum 8egmentamgloboso-dilatatuin,vixpeduncnlatuin,fiilvo-VHlntinun).
Puncta 2 frontis et pronoti angulornm abdoininisque seginentorum
linibns angn.ste flava ; tarsi ferrnginei; a!» subferrugiueie, teguliij pieeis
Tel Mavo-inarginatis. Longlt. 0.(»17.

^ . Clypeo puuctato, diiuidio iuferiore aarantiaoo, margine tenuiter uigro,
bidentato.

Zelhus chrysopterxts Sauss. Vespides, I, 13, 8, pi. viii, fig. 7, %, 1852;
Revue Zool. X, 1858, G6.

Tlah. Probably from South America. (Typus in auctoris
museo. )

25. Z. ferrngineus Saubs.

Zethus femujineus Sauss, Vespides, I, 14, 10, 1852.

Ilah. South America. Para.

26. Z. cinerescens Sauss. y* — ^'g^'i cinereo-sericens ; clypeo
piano, pnnotato-striato, bidentato; capite dense pnnctato; tliorace cri-
brato, striato-rugoso, antice cristato, angnlato; post-scatello truncato;
nietanoto postice producto, rugoso, lateraliter cristato-oarinato ; in medio
foveolato sed hand bicarinato ; petiolo brevi, globoso-clavato, baud
cribrato; abdom. secundo segniento subsessili, sed piriforme-dilatato
(kaudglobo8o),sericeo. — Puucta 2 froutis, pronoti uiargo,post-scutellum

ZETIIUS,

39

fit petioli liiulms frcfiuentor llava; tarsi fiinci ; aim infu?cntn>, secundum
costaiu iiigrae, tfgulid ferrugitiuo-iuarginatid. Loiigitudu, U.U15.

Zvthus ciiierasce'is Saiihs. Vesiiides, III, 117, 3, lb54.

JIab. Brazil. (2 5 iu uiusuo uuuluris ; typiis in luuseo Tau-
riiieiise.)

Z. fraterno afTinis, at differt pronoto oristato ct angiilato,
thorace rugose, petiolo minus punctato et globosicjn'.

i

The male is not known ; some doubt still exists about the place
this species must occupy.

31. Z. biglumis Spin.

Zethua biglumi.1 SriNor.A, Ann. Soo. Eut. Fr. X, 1841, 135, 83.— Sacss.
Vtispides, I, 1», 20.

llab. Cayenne.

38. Z. disccelioides Saupb. — r^iger, cnpite ct thorace raMn cri-
brato-puuctatis, puuctis oontlueutibuii rugosis ; clypeo rugoso, oii-
brato, subbidentato; pronoto cristato-uiargiuato, biaiigulato ; suutullo
sulco partito ; uietanoto supra fov»ola striata instruuto, cujus niargiues
laterales fttre cariniformes sunt ; abdominis prinio !<eguiento bruvi, ovuto-
cauipanulato, inflato, truucato, valdu punutato; ^euundo segmeuto piri-
formi, sericeo. — Tegulae ferruginese ; frons et post-soutellum tlavo-bipuiic-
tata ; petiolus iiavo limbatus ; pedes fuscesceutes ; ali£ paulum iufuscatae,
aureo-niteutes. 9- — Longit. 0.013.

Zethus discttUokles Saoss. Vespides, I, 17,' 17, 1852.
Ilah. South America. Para.

Species moderately stout — viewing its short form and strongly
inflated petiole — and resembiing to some extent Z. cinerascens,
though its 2d abdominal segment is less pyriform and the clypcus
more strongly punctured and not distinctly striate.

This species, in view of its petiole, campanulate and truncate
rather than contracted behind, might almost be placed iu section ji.
(This form shows itself also among the Z. i(pinij)es.)

6. Speciei, which have more the appearance of Eiimenes or Discwlius. Head
less injlat'id, less hollowed out at the occiput ; thorax of moderate lentjlh ;
petiole more us in the Eumenea of Division a.

Last line of thia page (of Vespides), instead of Zethus, read Discoeliua.

40

IIYMKNOPTFRA OP AMEKIO.V.

[PAIIT I.

29. K. Noiifezuinu Saiwh. (Kig. 3, 3<».)— i''»i'viilus, rugosuH, niger
et pilosurt; jilHloiniiii' ovato lit in gHiiwro F.nineiif, pptiolo eloiii^iito
imniigoso ; rfliijua jiarte nlnloiiiiniri pirifonni, <lej>r«;!(rtfi ; proiio'i, jiont-
MciitHlli et aliiloiiiiiiirt HHgmt^iitornni 1, 2, iiinrgiiiH, tliivo vel fenugiiiuo;
ricapo, iiiaculii Mubalari ut scutulli, iunrginu(iue ulypui, tiavis.

Zithn.'^ M,mle:Hma Sauhs. Uhvuh Zool. IX, 18.17, 270.
Z. O'ltalimotziii SAOsd. ibid. (var. 9 )•

9 . Total IfiiKth, 13 nun. ; wing, 10 mm.

%. Total leiih'tli, U> uim. ; wing, 8 uiiu.

9. Insect small, sk'iulor; In ad but liltlo inllati'd. Ocelli in a
rc^niiu- (ir ovoii l('Mj:;tli(Mic(l Iriuii'flt', All the lieiid rugose, crib-
ritse with coarse punetures; clypeiis t'litirc, also cribrose, convex
uiitl riigdse. Tiiorax lengthened, one and a luilf times longer than
wiile, erilinise with I'lrgc pnnctuns, rugose ; on the disk of the
mesothnrux two arcuiite grooves leave the si itelluni, and extend
to the anterior suture. Angles of the prothorax spinosc ; its
margin relatively little prominent. Metathora.x attenuated, con-
vex, rugose, but with a lateral, very distinct truncation. Petiole
tpiite lengthened, its anterior third, at h-ast, linear; the remainder
enlii d, ])yriforiu, much lengthened and truncate, rugose, cribroso
with very large punctures (larger than those of the thorax) ; its en-
largement but little raised, hardly contracted behind, its nuirginal
depressions forming a transverse groove. The remainder of the
abdomen depressed, regularly pyril'on.i, lengthened as in the
Eunu'iif)^, at the base >ul)-pedieuhite, gi iiluaiiy swelling; the
seccnid segment shining, polished, silky-gray, delicately punctured,
more coarsely along its border.

Insect black, very hairy, even its abdomen being covered with
a pih." of erect hair in fresh specimens; hair of the head and
thorax obscure ; that of the metathorax and of the abdomen gra_,
Inferior and lateral border of the clypeus often ferruginous ; a
line under the scape of the antenna), two dots at their insertion,
margin of the i)rothorax, a point under each wing, two at the
seutellum, two on jiost-scutel, and the border of the first two
abdominal segments yellow or ferruginous. These nmrkings are
variable, the scutelluin being often I)lack and the post-scutel yel-
low; or the markings are entirely wanting. Wing-scales brown
or ferruginous. Wings hyaline, nervures brown, and often a
brown cloud in the radial cell.

%. Smaller. Clypeus transverse, black, covered with silky-

ZETHL8.

41

gri

iiv liaii", it.-* inferior ninruin <'fir! vi'iitr in lli»' iniddlt' n vrrv simill

i

li(»tili, aliovc wliicli is a lilll-' yelliw. Aiitfiiiuu a little t;i\vii_v at
tlic extroiuily, tcrniiiiuti 4 l)y a lionii and by u t<Ii^rlit roilinj; up.
Mctatliorax spotted with yolluw ; uulcriur border uf prolliorax
often black.

Var. a. Clypr-ns and spulol black; no spot under tlie ^villt,^

6. At bottom of nictatlmrux two yellow !»p(»ls.

('. A yellow line in IVoiil of the uiandible.s.

Jicst*. a. (Ulf. — 'I'lus species i.s recojrnizaldc by tho particular
form of its abdomen. Tho htnglhened petiole, htngitndinaily

ddeidy

th

d

linear, ucconies-

ally swelled, so that tU*; abdomen is pyrifitnn ratlier than f^lobidar-
ovate. The leiijrtheinn<j!; of the thorax and the Ik ml a little ■ n-
largod, recall the form.s of the Eatuciwn} The metathorax, also,
presents no concavity; the position of tho furrow is, however,
indicated, and it is rugose and striate, but is convex in ]daee of
being excavated.

This insect appears to bo allied to Z. (Uscfrlioidfu.

llab. Tli(! tempernte regions of Mexico J \vAyv taken it in the
valleys of Cordova, of Orizaba, and of Mextillau (lour females,
live males).

I possess one speciincn, a 9, as small as tho % , and which is a
little more strongly punctured, which has the petiole shorter in
the linear part, and is sensibly more coarsely punctured in its
enlarged part. The scutelluin and po.<t-scutel »,aeh have two
yellow spots. Length, O.OlO; wings, O.OOS.

Is this a variety of Z Montezuma, or n species ? I have taken
it on the baidvs of the Rio Panuco, in the Huasteca.

Fig. 3. Zethns Montezuma, 9 > enlarged. Fig. 3, a. The head 9 se .
from before.

30. Z. parvilllIS Sauss. — 9- Parvnlua, gracilis, niger; clypeo con-
vexo, apice tnineato, late subHinargiiiato; prouoto cristato-uiarginato,
utriiKiiK! angiilato; post-scntcllo I'Miiiia rircnata antii>rsura convcxa in-
structo, nietanoto anguloso, .supra carinulis 2 sinuati:^ e po.-it-scutelli
angulis eniergesceiitibas «t postice convergeacentibus, instruoto ; petiolo
gracili, in medio campanulato, puuctato; seoundo segmento paulum iu-
fundil)uliformi. — Caput et thorax denst* punctata, argniiteo-sericea ; au-
ttMuiaruni articiilis 1-15 subtus, genibus, tibiia et tarsis, fcrrugiueis ;

' And slightly also those of the genus Elimus.

4S

IIYMKNltPTKIlA (»K AMKIIKM.

[I'AIir I.

\)*>ti(>1i iiinrgn flavo-iiotiituH ; iiliu hmMtmlutu vuiiii.s inrtHvatii'. Lungit,
O.dll.

/if.iiiH» jxiriHluH Sauhs. Vespiiles, III, 11!), T., pi. 11, Hg. 1, 5,1 lsr)4.

JJdh. IJnizil. Sdiilli of tin; rrcivinco of (ioyaz. ((.'ollootcd
by lli«! Huvuiil l)utuiiist Augustu do St. llilairt'.)

Tliis s|)i'ci«'.s upproiwlics to tlio form of Z. Monlvztima ; Jtut it
is iiiiicli less coarsely |Miiictiir('(|, smaller, and very clearly rceog-
iiizalile by (liu areiiate riil;j:(; of the |Mtst-scutel, wliicli in coiii-
tiiiiiatioii of tliu cariiiaj of tliu iiictalliorax, forms u promliKjut
liorscslioc.

y, /'ftlote -'initr liiit>iir,jilij'orin, (Ipjtrfimeil, virij iivirh elunijule, (is in Eumenei
of lucUiuii f. Tht (ipiiiuruiice oj' a Culliga.stur.

31. K. striffOHIIA n. up. — Nipor, falvo-Hi>r!c<«n.<, pnram flavo-ornfttum ;

j)l(i- et ineMouoto rulili: uli'iijiii; ulriijutis : liii'liiiioto IU^d^o; petiolo linmri ;
20 Re;:ui«nto bnni lirt'viier pedancuhito; i>uilibud iiigrii), llavetiuuuti-
"pilusid ; alisi Hubhyaliiun.

9. Total IfiiBth, 14 tnin. ; wini?, 11 mm.
%. Total luiigtli, 12 luui. ; wing, >•] mm.

9. SliMwlcr. Head strijjatp-puneturod. I'rothorax sharply
inarjriiied, aii^idar 011 oaeli .^idc, hut not spiiiod, oldi(iuely .strigoso.
TIh! wliolo disk of nicsotliorax stroiinly obli(jiiely strigoso luid
wriiilvled; the striio coiivergiiig against tiio middle carina.
Sculelliim shining punctate, a little sulcate in nuddlc, as the post-
scutelluni. Metalliora.x rugose, velutinous, wrinkled on each
si(U', ut base parted by a channel ; tht; lateral cantiii carinated
on the sides. I'etiole very h)ng and slender, not globulously
swollen, but quite linear (as in Euinenes of Division Zeta) flat-
tened, shining, and jiurted by an impressed line, jjunctate on the
sides. Collar of the 2d .'segment distinct; the hinder margin of
this segment very slightly relje.xed.

Jilack, furnished with a yellowish-silky, or rather golden
pubescence; the metathorax and pleura with cinereous pubescence.
A line on the base of the inner margin of mandible, a line on the
scape, two dot.s on the front, a very narrow line on both margins
of ))rothorax, the post-teguUe, angles of post-scutellum, and two

■ Tlie male of this Hpecies is not kuowu. It is possible that it should
be placed iu section d.

'iv.Tiiva.

48

fttsciio on motatIii)i"nx yellow. ScuIch ninr^incil with hrowii ; u
iiaiTitw yellow suldiiiirjfiiml Mik; Itorderiii); all the .se^meiils uf
the alHloiiieii ; the (itii segiiieiil yellow. Feet Mack, knee.s a little
fiiUtiis; tiljiie fiinil.tlied with silky-i?ol(|eii hairs. Iiitenueiliato
tii)ia! with a yellow iiiio. Wiiij^rt siii»hyaliiie, with hrowii veins.
Oil each side of the elypeus is a vi-ry tlull, ol).«<olete, yellow luaeiila.

9. C'lypt'us rouiideil, u little tniiicalo ut tip, puiielurecl, rugo.«*e,
hiaek.

%. riypeiifl l)roa(l-(|ua(lrate, stroiijriy i)uncture(l, sli^fhtly
tnineato iti the iiiiddle of its inferior margin, with two hardly
.•^ensihlo edj^es ; hlaek ; the lateral yellow spots often distinct.
Antenntu rather thick; IIkj whole terminal hook and the last three
joints of the (lajfelliini heneath, yellowish.

Var. %. — a. Clyixms yellow, with the top part and e.xtrenio
niarjrin hlaek; sometimes also with two hlaek dots on the yellow.

h. Clypeus more or les.s margined with yellow.

I'a/*. Z9. — n. The spots of the forehead wantinfif.

h. The posterior mar;,na of the prothora.x not margined with
yellow.

c. The anterior margin having only the angles yellow, or also
a little line in the middle.

d, Prothorax Mack.

Hub. The (jidf sid(( of Mexico. Orizaba. (Snmichrast.)
This .species, although very variahle in its ccjioring, is very

distinct by its lilil'orm pedicule and by the strong strigie of its

dorsum. It has ilm fades of an I^liinus.

C. Species which I do uot knoxo, and of xchich the anlennce S,
have not been described.^

32. Z. albopictlis Smith. — 9- Nigf^r, sat teimiter pnnctatiis ; cinereo
serieeus ; aiitemiis siibtu.s apice ferruginescentibus ; clypoo utiinque
iliivo-notato ; proiioti inargine, macula suljalari, punctis 2 in tugulis,
scutelli margine iiiterruplo, imnctis 2 post-.soutelli tibiisque extus,
albidis; abil. segmeiitorum 1-3 limbo ft lineola (utrinque?) in basi
Recuudi, albidis ; alls pullueidis, secundum cos tarn fuscis. Longit, 4^ lin.

• Aa the form of the abdomen has not been described, I presume that it
offers nothing remarkalile, and that iu consequence all these species per-
tain to the division Zcthuscului.

44 IIYMKNOI'TKKA OF AMKUICA. [I'AKT I.

Zfl/ius alhnpictnx .Smith, Gat. Urit. Mas. Vesiiidie, ISf)", IT), ;^2.
Hah. Si. Domingo.

33. Z. gracilis Smith. — Ni.nor, cayiito et tlioracc grossc punctatis;
froiiti! Kuloo traiisvcrso inter antfimas ft carina vcrtiuali ail iiiHdiuiii
clypeuui piodiu^ta iiistructo ; niftaiioto in latHril)iid slriato ; jictiolo
Sparse pmictato ; aluhiniine sericco ; luinotis "2 fnmtalihns alxldniinisiinH
st'ginentoruni liiiilio anguste, Havis. ^ antennaniin scapo ftutice Ihivo.
Longit, 4) lin. — Alfinis videtiir, Z. MiiiiIczhiiuf.

Zelhus ijracUis Smith, Cat. Brit. Mus. Vespidae, 1857, 17, 43.

Ilah. Mexico.

Sumll spL'cic'.s, of Ihc size of Z. Monti'zumee.

34. Z. laCTinoillls Smith. — 9- ^'per, capite grosse, vortice sparse,
pmictato; clypeo rugosw striato, ai)ici' suliciiuirninato; thorai^f pDJito,
puiu;tis distantihns ali(iu()t ; pioimti margins acnte inarginato, acnit)
angulato; uiesonoto aiitioe carina abbnsviata, ct s-uicis li o scut«lli

'aiigulis euifigHiitilms ad pronotmn dnctis ; nietanoto veiutiiK), bi-
convcxo. Tliorax iiiaculis 2 in jjronoti angulis, niacnla-subalari, post-
Bcnt(>lli(juo fascia interrupta, llavin ; abdoiuiuu jtolitu ; alid fuscu-cyaneis.
Lougit, 9 liu.

Zithus liLi'inodun Smith, Cat. Brit. Mus. VespidiB, 1857, 17, 44.

JI<il>. Mexico.

IJy the fuscous wings this Ri)ccic3 conies near to Z. tipinipcs,
but is soi)arafc(| froiii it hy its distinctly polished niesothomx, and
by its remarkably large size.

35. Z. pallifllis Smith, Cat. Brit. Mus. Vuspidie, 1857, 11, 10.
IJah. B raz i 1. (N u m Zdh usv u I u s ?)

36. Z. SCIllpturalis Smith, ibid. 11, 11, %.
Ilab. Brazil.

31. Z. dllbi*>s Smith, ibid. 13, 19, (}%.
Ilab. Brazil.

1
'4

38. Z. carinatus Smith, ibid. 13, 20, % .
Eab. Brazil.

Z Kill us.

45

Division DIDYMOGASTRA Perty.

(Saush. Ve«pi(le.s, I, IH; III, 120.)

Second scgmoiit of tliu ulxloiiiou loiigtiit'iicd pediculate ; Its
lH'(li(;uIar purl furmiii;.^ at leant a fuiirlli of the length ol' the scg-
uit'iit. The other eharaeterri as in Xtt/iusculuft.

These insects have very slender lorius (ju account of the extra-
orilinary length of their abdomen, l»y the ;!onl)!e articulation of
w'icli, they enjoy the singular faculty of folding tiiu abdomen
beneath llie thorax, and of placing the terminal pear againt^t the
face of the lumd.

The Ditlijmixjaxtra inhabit tlu; hot regions of America.

One 'jannot establish any line of demarcation lietwecn tlie
Zcthusculus and the Duiijinofjaslra; these last form theconlinua-
tion of the same genera and only rei)reseiit the ui(»re lengthened
modillcation of the type. The two series, based on the form of
the antenna! of the males, continue theuiselves in the Dithpiio-
(jnxirn. So this division is wIkjIIv cini»irieal, and shoiild not be
pi'cservcd except to facilitate the determiuatiou of species.

A. Antennae of the males terminated by a rolled spiral.

39. Z. I'oeyi Sauss. (Fig. 4, 4a.) — NietT, rugose puiutatus, tnfitanoto
vix .stiiato, velutino ; pt'tiolo polito, tenuiter piiiutato, gilibo.so ; sccundo
•ilid. sogmento licvi. uitiilo, peduuculo niediocriter eioiigato ; niaiidiljulis,
frontis fascia, orl)iti.sl)irt intcrruptis, proiiot<)aiilic8,inaLiilis2sul)alariltu*,
tegulia, seutello i'X post-smittsllo aiitice, maculis 2 nietaiKiti, pt-tioli apiye
pedibus(iiie, auraiitiacis, liis rufo vel uigro variis ; abdoiuiiie ultra peti-
nlum rufo; nli:^ llavescentilms, apice gri.seaceiitil)HS.
'5 . l-' route cariiiato; clypeo aiiiantiaco, euiargiiiato, liideiitato ; maiidibulis
llavis; antuiniarmii articiilis l-2rufls, fascia llava ; llagello subtus Ihivo-
aiiiiulato, apice eoclileato, llavo.

Ztthus Poeyi Sauss. Revue et Mag. de Zool. ISf)?, 270.

Total length, 14 mm. ; wing, 10 mm.

Tlead and thorax quite densely cribro, e (moderate and a little
irregular often, in form of an obli(iuo prick of pin). Ocelli pro-
minent, arranged in a rather large triangle. Vertex % forming
a ridg(! in form of a T, of which the vertical limb touches the
clypeus. The posterior i)art of the vertex a little more elevated
than the ocelli. Thorax contracted before, its margin little

46

UYMENOPTEBA (»F AMERICA.

[part I.

salient. Scutellum puncturod with course points, nnrl divided by
a groove. Metatliorux jxinotured on each side; of it.s summit,
neitlier punctured nor striate on its posterior face, but velvety.
Enlargement of the petiole convex; its swelling, seen in profile,
is more salient near its base, and is depressed and contracted
behind ; on its extremity is an excavation. This enlargement,
seemingly smooth and polished, is quite finely punctured. Second
segment very shining and polished, its pedicle ecpialling a third
of its length and widening posteriorly; the globular bell, as long
as wide, enlarging gradually. Seen in profile, it is much more
swelled above than beneath.

Insect black, with orange markings, which are in general
arranged as follows: sinus of the eyes, the transverse bar of the
frontal T, a point on the summit of each eye and the orbit behind
the eyes ; the prothorax, wholly or in part, a spot under the
wing, wing-seale, the anterior portion of the scutellum and of the
post-scutel, two spots on the raetathorax and the extremity of
the petiole, orange. These markings are more or less developed;
they may be more extended, or in i)art wanting. The remainder
of the abdomen is of a beautiful red or ferrugi:ion;4, with the
base of the pedicle black. Scape of the ante:uiie ferruginous.
Feet yellow, varied with ferruginous. Wings fe-ruginous, with
the end lightly g"ay, carrying a little reflection of violet.

9. Clypeus rounded, black, with two oblique yellow bands at
the superior margin; 2d joint of the auteniKO ferruginous; a
whole band of yellow under the wing; the margin of the 2d abd.
segment narrowly yellow.

%. End of the antennaj rolled spirally. Clypeus orange, finely
punctured ; its inferior border armed with two separated teeth,
with an arcuate border between them, in the middle of which is a
little salient tooth, often hardly visible. The first two and (he
last two articles of the antennte orange; tlu^ flagclluni annulate
with this color beneath ; the termiual spiral orange ; the hi.st
article obscure.

Var. The specimens of other localities pos.scss, without doul)t,
more of black on the abdomen and antenniu.

Iiesi<. a. diff. — This Didijmoc/astra is easily distinguished from
Z. C'lilcoti'ncatl, by the rugose aspect of its head and thorax, by
its much less striate metatborax, by its petiole more swelled

ZETHUS.

47

I',

a

ito
list

abovo, distinctly punctured; by its soodnd sep;ment witli its Il'.ss
extended pedicle, and by the yellow markings of all the body.

It dillers from ^. Malzivatzin, in its smaller size, in its niueh
more lengthened thorax, having a mesolhoracic disk longer than
wide; in its metathorax, devoid of middle cariiiic and of sino(>)h
spaces at the superior angles; in its scutelluni, simple, depressed,
angular (not emarginate) posteriorly; in its less enlarge(l and
more punctured petiole, and in its head smaller, without swelling
of the vertex.

The % differs in its clypcus, <piadrato, largo, convex and notched
as in the Z. Poi'ip', not flattened and advanced in the middle as
with the M(ilzicalzi)i ; by the antenna; terminating in a spiral, by
the ocelli placed upon a scarcely oblicpu; i)l.ine, etc.

Hnh. The island of Cuba. This l)eautiful insect was given me
by Prof. F. Toey.

Ohservatinn. — In tlie figure, the tliorax is too large and the form of the
abdouieu is not perfectly natural.

40. Z. Romandinus S.vnss. — Niger, cinereo-sericeua, capite lato,
dens(! punctato; tlmrace grosse crilirato, antiue cristato-marginato ;
scutello convexo, sulcii, bipartito; nietanoto conve.xo, hand foveolato,
Telutino, tenuiter punctato, supra iitrinque spatio nitido la5vi ; petiole
dens(' punctato, nitido, postico pauluni attenuato, (lavo-Tuarginato;
Si'cuiido segnifuto sat breviter pedunculato tanciuain in Diili/iiiuijaslrn,
piriforniiter dilatnto, niarginetu vcrsu:? tenuiter punctato, tenuissinie
flavo Reu ferruglneo-limbato ; reliquis ;>H»ir/(»<is, piceo-linibatis; tegulia
ferrugineo n)arginatis, pcdibus, fuscescentibus; tibiis intermediis flavo-
variis; aiis diaphanis, subfuscescentibus.

J . Clypeo traiisversim quadrate, flavo, tenuiter bidentato; anteunis sub-
tU3 apiceiu versus tlavo-annulatis et apice cochlea falva.

Lougitudo, 14 mm. ; alae, 10 mm.

ZctliH.i RiimnniUnnx Saiiss?. Vespides I, 20, 22, pi. ix, fig. 1, 9 , 1852.
Hovue de Zool. X, ISfiS, 104.

Hah. Cayenne. (Typns in auctoris musa;o.)

This Zrlliuii constructs with woody ril)res and gummy nmterials
several rounded cells, with thick walls toward the bottom and
irregularly united, recalling a little those of liomhim (s(!e Sauss.
A^espides, I, pi. ix, fig. 1, <•)■ '1''^' iufstincts of these iiuseets appear
to progress toward the habits of the Social \V asps.

48 IIVMKNOI'TKUA OF AMKIUCA. [I'AHT I.

'II. Z. aiiriilentiiH SArss.

Zellms aunUetis tsAUss. Vespidea, III, 121, S, pi. vi, fig. &, 9i 1^04.

JJdh. JJnizil.

43* Z. Matzicatzin Satss. — Niger; capita discoidali, lato, facie
fiibrala, veitice sujira iiillalo, minus cribralo; ocoliis in dtclivitdte
J'riiutis Hitia ; tiiorace grosso cribiato, postsoiitcllo truncato, postiue ex-
ciso, carinafo; metanoto huIuo conspiuuo, at fovoola nulla; infra vjilde
striato, .su{>ra l;evi, in niuiliu biuaiinalo ; {x^tiulo pulito iuipunetato, Taidu
inllato, a]iiut) punuto luaxiiuo iuipru^so; st'uundo Kegniunto longe ]>e(luu-
cuiato, iiifdio mar^iiiH inipresso, cum leliiuis rufo ; tcrtio punctato, in
mfdio i)roiliic"t(); jHinctis frontaiibus et post-ocuiaribun 2, pronoti
luai'ginu, macula Hubalari et inaculis 2 ticutelli, limbuquu segmenturum
1, 2, llavis ; tibiis rufls ; alls fusoo-Havesuentibus.

J,. Sciiti'llo piano, tunuiter punctato, infra macula Ircvi et margiue iu
niHilio ^<ubpr()ducto ; antennarum scapo subtud llavu.

Zcthua Matzicutziu Sauss. Revue et Mag. do Zool. l^■'■)7, 271.

Total leugth, 18 mm. ; wiug, 11 mm.

.Man(lil)l('s oI)li(iu('ly truncMtc, trciu'haiit, williout teetli, but
with a siiiglo l()l)o. Head very largo, luucli wider tliaii thorax ,
face ilaUiMitd; (X'l'lli arranged in a broad triangle and placed,
not on the sununit, but on the slope of the vertex. Vertcv
strongly enlarged transvc 'v behind the ocelli, but swelled
upward. Faee olTering be^ . n the anteiniuj two little vertical
cariniu. Thorax very short, (juadrate, depressed ; the margin of
the prothorax little prominent. Disk of (he mesothorax wider
than long ; its anterior curve describing a .semicircle, not an
ellipse as in all die preceding speeie.H. Seutelluni divided by a
channel. Post-scutel truncate, angulato; its posterior Ijorder
olfering a concavity and carrying an arcuated ridge interrupted in
the middle (which especially distinguishes it from the preceding
species, whi(;li has the pf)st-scutel whole rounded above), ^[eta-
thorax very angulate, having four sharp ridges, so to speak : 1st,
the two ordinary lateral ones, which hero form two sharp crests;
L'd, two other very short ones, which start from tho angles of the
post-scutel ; the middle divided by a strong channel, but, properly
speaking, without any concavity. The summit of the metathorax,
especially the space situated on each side between the two ridges,
is smooth, shining, not |)unctnred (or very finely striated) the
remainder wrinkled. The flanks under the lateral ridges smooth

ZETUrS.

4'.)

and sliiiiiiiir. I'ftiulo (juitc IfiiiiMliciicil-pcdiciilatu; its elliptical
i'iiliirj,a'iiit'iil is <fliil»iiliii'ly swelled al)ov»!, as liij^h as wide (siib-
coiiipressed), liaviiij^ (»ii its posterior exireiiiity ahdve, a hirj^e
oxeavatioii, and on each side a larj^e transverse? frrnove, which
compresses the end of the petiole, Itiit withont coalescin}:^ with the
middle proovc. Seenn<l scfrineiit lenf^thcned-pcdiculate, almost as
in the Z. Chirotcnvall ; its ^lolmlar )»art very flat Itenenth, and
nnich swelled above frcm its base; its first posterior border a
little sinuous, preceded in the middle by a vaj^ne depression — its
second border not beinj? at all reilect<;(l. Marjrin of the third
se<rinent formed in the same way, but the first border more
sinuous. Head coarsely punctured; the face cribrose, i)ut the
vertical inflation very much less. Thora.x; cribrose with sunken
jioints, except the metathorax. Petiole and abdomen smooth
ami shininir. while the last is very finely punctured. The third
se<rment punctured.

Insect black, {j^arnished with a jrray or slicrhtly jrolden jiile; two
spots on the face, one behind eaidi eye; iinir<rin of tln^ prothorax,
a point under the wing, two spots on the seutellum, and thebf)rders
of the 1st and 2d seg'nents, yellow. The abdomen, except the
petiole, of a brown purple or ferruginous. Feet black, varictl
with ferruginous. Wings washed with l)rown-ycllowisli, nervures
brown; wing s"ales bordered with brown or yellow.

% . Clypeus very flat, i)unctured ; its inferior margin ndvaneecl
in the middle, entire ; a sniooth lozenge or triangle in the middle
of its inferior extremity ; this ))iece is black, covered with gray
hair — its lozenge-shaped jjart smooth, often yellow. Anti'iime
black, with front of the scape yellow and terniiuated by a little
ferruginous hook.

7?c.s.s. a. diff. — See the affinitios of Z. Chicofenrall and Poci/i.

The Z. nigcr olTors also two nietathoracic carinie smarting from
the angles of the post-scutel; but in this species the post-scntcl
is not crenulated, ami there is between these cariiue a concave
]tit, while here the two moit'ties of the metathorax remain convex
and arc separated by a deep furrow. The thorax and the head
are also smaller, etc.

Hab. The gulf side of Mexico. Tampico. I have taken but
one specimen {%).

By the very remarkable form of its clypeus and its mandibles,

60

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMKIUCA.

[PAHT I.

this species deserves o bo uoted as lit to serve as the type of one
section of tliis genus.

B. Antenrife of % torminated by a honk.

43« Z> Ililarianug Satrh. — OraciliH, niger; capito dense punctato,
supra «t ponu ouulos tuiuffauto ; thoraoe luinud duiise punctato ; prn-
iioto Talde crintato-marginato, sed angulii) hand acitia ; tneRonnti disuo
oarinis 2 Isevibuii trajcuto; post-Rcutello medio nabdentato; inetanoto
Telutino, rugoso, striato, in nieiliu canaliuulato; alidoininis ))«tioli
tuinefactione ovata, sat globosoinllata punctulata; sccundo Hfgniento
globoHo, sericHO, basi sat loiign petiolrito (pctiolns tortiani partem longi-
tudinis efRcienw); 8«gmenti.s reliijuis punotatis. Corpus nmnino velu-
tiuura, argnntt^u-sericeum ; puucta frontalia 2, maculas 2 post-ouularea,
untennarum articuli 1-3 et apex, thorax, petioli latera ot pedes, rufn ;
petioli apex et lineola utrintiue in secundi segment! petiole, flava; seg-
mentorum liinbns tenuitor piueus vel rufus. Alae infuscatce, costa nigra.
Longit, O.dlO mm.

J. Clyi)eo convexo, punctato, apice late subexciso, tridentulato ; niaculis
2 iitHraHbua mils.

3 . Clypeo truncato, rufo vel flavfiscente maoula media et basi nigris, vt.-l
uj^ro marginu infero rufo et lolerali llavo; auteunis apice ultimo
minuto rufo.

Viir. Color variabilis, plus miniisvo rufescens vol nigresceus ; disco
raesonoti obscuro vel nigro, carinis rufis ; etc.

Zethus Jlilarianus Sadss. Vespidos, III, 120, 7, pi. vi, flg. 6, 9 lSr)4.

Varies in havinf;, the margin of pronotum and the post-seutel
yellow, and in the distribution of colors, the reddish and bUicK
passing one to the otiier; but, nevertheless, a distinct species
by its niesothoracical carina?.

JIab. IJrazii. Middle of the province of Goyaz. (The type
is in the Paris museum. ) — V'euezuela, Caracas.

44. Z. geniculatiis Spin.

Didjimoijastra tjcniculata Spin. Mem. Acad. Turin, XIII, 1853, 80, 60.
Z^ihus geniculatns Sauss. Vespides, I, 22; III, 120, (5.

Metanoto postioe bicariuato ; colore afflnis Z. iiiijro.
Ilab. IJrazil. Para. (Typus in mus. Taurinense.)

45. Z. dicoiuboda Spin. — Nigi^r, gracilis, dense punctatus, cinereo-
sericeus; pronoto antice cristato-mnrgiiiato, angulato; mesonoti disco
bicariuato; metanoto convexo, velutino, baud rugoao, in medio striato.

ZETIH 8.

61

Abdomoii graoile, petioloHlongato, paruin inflato, puiictato, apic« puncto
Iniprt'rtHo uullo ; secumlo SHgnieiito at loiige peiliinculato, ovalo-dilatato,
deprcsNO et luiiuiter punotalo. — I'uiiota li frontis, pnmoti ♦■t t«'gulaium
niargo, post-scutflluin, fancin' '2 luetanoti et alxl. segnientnruiu 1-2
ujargo, n»Hi non fasoia utrhuiue petioli shcuikH Hegmeiiti (vul petioll
apiciri) albula; foiiinra iiitoriiiHitia sulitus allii<lo rnria; ahe hyalinre,
veiiis ftirnigiiieis, apicH grisi'o-iKihiilosin. Li>iit<it, O.uir) mm.

9. ClypHO iiigio, rugoMo, Iniiicalo, Hul)-biil.Mitatt) (vcl siili-triili-iitato).

^. Clypoo alliiilo, supra iiigro, margiim iiifero bideiitato, teiiuissime uigro
limbato; aiituunis iiigrLs, uncinatia.

Jilii/ioHii flicouilioild Si'i.n()i,a! Oay's Ilistoria flsica de Chile (Fauna Clii-

l«iia), VI, Ifiil, 250.
Zethui tlisroiiibuda tiwKa, Vespides, I, 21, 2!).

Hal). Chili. (Typi in luuseo Pnririien.su et in auctoris .sorvmitur.)

C. Spi'cies 0/ which the acction remains umletermincd.

46. Z. rilicofencatl SAr.«s. (Fig. .''), rifi.)— Niwr, pDlitus, fulvo
hii'tiis, clypt'o coiivexo, capite dense piinctiilato, tliorai'e la;vigato, in
medio <lise<> iiitido, impunutato; proiioto antioe ft pone angulos in
lateribus oristato-marginato; metanulo Itaml e.xc-avato, ubiijue rugose
striato, petiolo parum intlato, impunctato, nitidissimo, sucundo sngmiinlo
longe pedunculato, seriueo, Heoundnni niarginem punutato, margine sub-
jacente reflexo ; antennia subtus flavis; punctis 2 frontalilius, macnli.s
2 metanoti, et abdoin. seginentorum limlio (ali<inaMdo(iue pronoti),
tibiisque supra, tlavia , alia ferruginesuentibu». 9.

Zethus Chicotencall Saijss. Revue et Mag. de Zool. IS.")?, 271.
Total length, 17 mm. ; wing, 12 mm.

9. Mandibles strongly tri(lcntat«\ C!!lypons rnnndcd, very
oonvcx, but fnit'ly pniiftiircd, Irniiciilc or siil)-bilobo<l mi its in-
ferior border, in the middle of which is a smooth space. Heiid
densely piinctnred, but not ruirose. Ocelli salient, placed in a
regular triangle on the vertex, the head a little contracted behind.
Tliora.v shining and polished, 7int bring jmnolured above the
middle; margin of prothora.v forming a salient lamina; this
margin reflexes upon it.s angles and prolongs itself behind, along
the lateral border of the prothorax over a moiety of the distance
from the wing scale. Mesothorax pnnctnred along th« scutellnin.
without groove on its hinder part, but enrrving a doable longi-
tudinal groove on it.s anterior moiety; sentellnm convex and
shining, feebly punctured. Metathorax a little flattened behind.

69

IIYMENOPTEHA OF AMCUICA.

[l>AUT I.

having a very sinull groovo, strongly slriutt'il trunsvi-rscly or
rulliur cluiiuielltMl iu all its supuriot* and posUirior siirt'aco (situated
above tliu latoral ridges). Soiuo striiu, hut less dislinet, also
covur entirely llie lateral I'aees of tlie luetatliorax, iteiieatli tlie
angles. Enlai'geuieut of the petiole iu an oval i'onu, niueli
lengthened, depressed, without any globular swelling above; its
linear portion short, etjual to u third the length of the petiole,
smooth, shining, without punetures. The posterior dt'i)ression
not having an excavated point, Ijut a transverse shining channel.
Second segment much lengthened, pediculate ; its petlicle form-
ing almost the moiety of the length of the segnient, which olTers
a zone of line punctun-.s along it.s j)osterior border; the st-coml
lamina of this margin a little reileded. The whole insect is
covered with a tawny pile almost wo(jlly on the thorax, gray on
the metalhorax, a little golden on the aljilomeii, Imt the body is
polished ami shining, especially the petiole, which does not show
any punctures.

Color black ; antcnmc ferruginous beneath, obscure above.
Two dots on the face, two spots on the metathorax and often the
post-scutel and the margin of the prothorax, yellow or tawny.
Petiole having a yellow interrui)ted border; the abdominal
segments wholly or in part margined with a very narrow yellow
line. Feet black. Til)iiu yellow before. Wings transparent,
washed with yellowish-gray.

Jicss. a. diff. — This species appears to mc very near to Z.
tubuUjW. Jt umy even be identical; which I dare not suy posi-
tively, not having the type of this last before my eyes, and being
without a sufficient description.

It is very recognizablj by its back aa well as its petiole, being
without punctures and shining. The Z. Chicotencatl is not diffi-
cult to distinguish from the Z. Matzivatzin, )iy its metathorax,
rugose even to the summit and without middle carina;, by its ])ost-
scutel, which is not notched l)ehind, by its much less enlarged
petiole, by the border of its second segment, which is punctured,
and by the second lamina of its border, which is turned up ; per-
haps also l)y its thorax, which is not cribrose, and by the ocelli,
which occupy the summit of the vertex.

Hah. The gulf shor") of Mexico. I have taken it at Tainplco.
(The Z, tuhuUfer comes from Orizaba iu the Cordillera:?.)

ZET1IU8.

53

Oli!>frr(ilii>n. — In tli« fimiro tlu.> iM'tioltj in not qnitrt suiMcnly enoni?h
oiilaigtxl, ami tliu piutile of tli« {x-diili^ of tliH st-uoud sugiiiuul is u little
too ttliurt, tts aluo iu thti liujur part of tliu ;)etiole.

41. Z. tllbUlifer Sats.-j. Vespldcs, I, 18, 10, 9.— Nis'i-r; dypeo
rotuinluto; anttMiiiaruiii .icapo suhtus fHrrugliied-iiotatn ; |in)ii(it() nii,i{U-
luto; puiiotis 2 froiitaliliun. proiioti iiiaigiiic, tn^iilis partiiii, iiiaiiulis 2
scutt'lli, fascia iiit''ri-u[ita jm.. t.>(;utt'lli, iiiacuiis "J iin'tatidti, iiiai\'iiit)
liiiHolaiiiii; latt^rali iiti'ini|iii' |i>'tii(li a|ii.;^x. SHt;iii(Mitoriiiu iiiargiiiu piiiiu-
tisquu cdxaruiu, llavis; peiiibus Uavo-vuiiis, alis fumo^sid. Lougit,
(I.U17-1H.

JJab. Mexico. Oriental Cordillera.

48. Z. ZendalllA n. sp. — Nlu'cr, pnnctnlatns, capite et thornco
gilHt'O-Hericaiitti ; iiietaiiotd temiissiiiii! uig.Uo ; pronoti I'aHcia, macula
Bulialai'i, iiiaculit) 2 sciitKlli, 2 iiH-taiioti, petioli apicis liiiHolin 2 laterali-
lius, el !iii<^( lis 2 latHialiliiis 2' Hci,'iiienti basis, citiiiii.s; segmentis roll-
quid late rufo-margiiiatis; aim riifo. 9

9 . Total length, 14 iniu. ; wing, 10-11 mm.

Head nml' thorax densely nnd delicately puiietiirod. A little
compressed brilliant point between tlie antenna^. Protliorax
niar^'ined, but not an^nialed, ^Nlctatliorax vchitinons, very
delicately s'rif^'ate, divided by a clnuMioi. Pel idle ovate, narrow,
very delicately i)unctured like tin; abdomen, dcslilute of an im-
pression at t." end. Peduncle of the 2d scffinent rather lon^.

Black, with grajMsh hair; the niar<rin of protliorax, a .spot
under the winjj, two on the scntcl, two eIon,t?at(! nnicnhe on tho
nietathorax, and a sinuous laL-ral line on each side of the extremity
of the petiole, a line on eacii side of the peduncle of the -2(1 sej^-
meiit, and two dots at its base, lenion-yellow ; a broad fascia on
the maririn of scfrmeiits 2il-r)th, and the Cilii scifnuMit, oranfjc-
yellow or rufous. The apex of th" petiole has no yellow margin
and no groove, but the liase of the peduncle of the second seg-
nients has two yellow dot^^, which can lie easily fMken by eimr
for a yellow nutrkllig of llir apex of tin; petiide. I'eet Ijlack.
Wings smoky with a golden rcllection, (he nerves black.

9. Clypcus rounded, deiisidy punctate, black like the antenna}
and mandibh'H.

i^v-^s. a. iliji'. — Distinct from Matzicntzin by its moderate head,
absence of impression at the end of petiole, and absence of

54

HYMKNOPTKRA OF AMKRICA.

[part T.

eui'iiiiu oil tlie iiiitldlo part of tl»o metal Imnix. Differs from (Jhi-
colenvall by its iirotliunix not crt'stcd on the Hides, Us putiolo
nurrower, ete. It conifs very nciir to Jtuintttnh ititi, )i\\\ the thorax
is shorter anteriorly, Mioro narrowed posteriorly ; llio petiole
nurrower, hss in(hit<i|, ete.
Hub. Mexico, 'llic Uricntul Cordillera (Mr. Suiuichrusl).

49. Z. iniHCOKaHter Sachs.— 9- MinutiiH, niger, rlemn pnnctutuA,
ciiitTHo hirtiiH; olypen iiit«>{ro, riij;i>s(), piloso ; fioiito ii)t«r niitcimnH
tniiisvHrrtiiu ciirinuto; ouollid in .suiiinio froiitu nitis. Tlidiax uiitiue
cridtatiirt, variniituri, hiiiiiHriH Imud Mpinosis; postscutello et UKttnuoto
liiuiil ni^nsis, Vfliitinin, liou tHiitiitHr strinto, iico i;arinato, iit-u distincttt
f(>v«M)lat(>, HHil suli'o profiiiiilo diviso. AIhIoiiihii pdlitinii. Hfricuiiin ;
ptttiolo «<)oi)gat(), }iaruiii iiillato, supra paruin L;ibbu:t(>; .Sfcui)ilosft<uiento
loiiffH pHilniuuilato, ovato-dilalalu sulMlepresso. Caput iiuuiauulatum ;
proiioti luargt), luauula Hubalaris, inaculie scuteili et '2 luutauoti, lineola
atrin(]UH, pctioli apex, liuil>us sticuiidi sfiiineuti, liiiHola(iue utrinijUK in
basi p«duni!uli, llava. Alji- subpellucidre, veuin fusois. — Lougit. ('.015.

Z. tlisconihiulir siinilis at minor, et pronoto liaud anijnloso diffHrt. A Z.
Il'iH'indino ditfttrt stature grauiliore, petiulo minus punutato ot minus tume-
faolo.

ZflliHs iniHcngmter Satss. Vnspides, I, 18, 18, 9i IS.'iO.

Zcthua microijtiiiliir (per errurem) Sau88. Uerue Zuol. X, 1858, l(j3.

Uab. South America. (Typus iu auctoris museo.)

50* Z. binodis Fabr. — Oracilis, nignr, dense pnnotatnn. Caput latum,
dense eriliratnui ; clypco rus'o-io cril)rato, inte^ro. Tliorax cril)ratus,
cristato-marginatus, clypeo i-.onvoxo, nitido, cril»rato; postscutello liaud
oribrato, postice truiKtato, sed cantiio auiitn nullo; metanoto in medio
foveolato, carinia proniinentitius duabus e postscutelli angulis eniergen-
tibus; spatio extra cariuam sito utrinque valde striato-plicato ; usque ad
oanthnm lateralem aouturn. Abdominis petiolo ^x>1ito, tenuiter punc-
tato, sat ovato-tunintiKito, apioe utrinqne flavo-notato; secuido segniento
glol)oso, longe pednnculato, uliiipit! tenuiter puinttato, seriueo setoso, in
medio raargine imprenso ; tertio, in medio margine pauluni produoto ;
2o et ;P tenuissime tlavo-marginatis; reliquis piceis vel ferrugineis.
Tibiae 1, 2, ferrugineie. Alae subhyatin». Longit, 0.017.

Ve»pn hinodiH Fabb. Ent. Syst. Suppl. 1798, 204.— CoQUBB. Illust. Icon.

Ins. pt. XV, flg. 2.
Enminea binixtts Fabh. S. P. 287.
Zithus hinodis Sadss. Vespides, I, 20, 23.'

• Typus iu museo Parisieusi.

XKTIIL'S.

6ft

yflhiii niffer Hacm. Vesiii.l.ta, I, 1K.V2, 21, 24, pi. viil, !!«. 0.»

A /. Himiiiiiliiio ilill'ttrt iimtiusoto fjiriii.ito, fovfol.ito hI plicrato; petlolo
glnbo^ioi'H itt iiiiiiiis vjiIiIh |)iiiu-t;it(i , shciiihIo hImI. .>«>i;iueiiti> glol'osiore,
Hingis iMMlmioiil.'ito, et ]iiiiiuUtiuii; , imgrnuulid J-D miuu.i puuctutia, t-jrtii
luargiue in m<!(lio pruduuto.

Uab. C'ayenno.

51. Z. didymoffaHter Bpin. •

Zcthus (Udi/moijusUr Si'iN. Ann. Soo. Ent. Fr., 1841, X, 1!13, 9.

IJah. {'iiyennc.

This species dilTors from Z. hininlU in its very wide clypous,
liaviii)^ a slnii^lit l)ordor, iiriiu'd willi two distant tcetli. (lias
not tiic uutlior talicii a inalu d '• a foiiialu ? Only liie lualcts have
llic olypeus twice as wide as I ug.)

(Vi. Z. f ilHClls Pertt.

Didi/mo'jdstra fimcn Pkiity, Delect. Anim. Artie. HS, pi. XXVIII, flg. 5,

9, 1830.
Xethits J'usciti Sauss. Vespides, I, I'J, 21 ; III, 120.

Bab. Brazil. Auia/.on.

53. Z. SmithiiSADsH.

y '//us Smithii Sadsh. Vesjpides, III, 122, 9, 9«
Metanoto striato; alia fu^co-cyauuia.

Hab. South America.

SPECIES WHICH I DO NOT KNOW.

The following species of the genus Zelhnx, all from Brazil,
have been described by Fred. Smith in the Catalogue of the
Vespidte of the British museum, page 11-18.

Z. pallidas — sc ii Iptu ralis — diibius.

Z. carinatus — albopidus — f/racilis — laevinodus.

' Typns in auctoris miiseo.

* Errata. Fig. 8, pi. viii, Vespides, I, does not represent this species,
but Z. piriformis.

IMAGE EVALUATION
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Photographic

Sciences
Corporation

33 WEST MAIN STREET

WEBSTER, NY. 14580

(716) 872-4503

4

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56

IIYMEXOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[PAIIT I.

Geu. L,ADU$ Sauss.

Liibus Sauss. Reise d. Oesterr. Fregat. Novaia. Hym., p. 3.

3Iandihlcs sliort, obliquely truncate, with 3-4 terminal teeth.
Maxilbie elongate; their palpi elongate, G-jointed. Labium
elongate, quadrifid, its palpi 4-jointed. Head rounded, swelled
at the occiput ; clypeus rounded or truncate.

Thorax elongate ; its anterior angles sharp.

Abdomen very slender; its petiole elongate, linear. V/ings

somewhat as in Eamenes and Zelhus.

As the forms of the insects of this type are becoming various,
one could well think that the genus Labun might be fused into
G. EUmuf<, which only differs from this by another form of thorax
and petiole. Such differences occur under the species of the
genus Zethus.

A. Petiole filiform at bane, a little xoidericd poderiorhj ; its

extremiti/ margined by a transverse rounded cordon pre-
ceded by a transverse channel (as in Eumenes of Division
Omicron). Second segment sessile, elongate. Metathorax
attenuated. Head inflated. Second cubital cell much pro-
longed at the basilar extremity ; the second recurrent vein
inserted after the middle of its posterior border. (Asiatic
type.) L. Spiinger Sauss., L. Ilumbertianus Sauss.

B. retiole linear, slender, j^^i-'^'niatic ; 2d segment subpedicu-

late. Tliorax elongate; metathorax short; prolh.orax
crested anteriorly. Second cubital cell equally dilated at
both extremities; second 9 '.current vein inserted in the
middle of its jiosterior border. (American typc.y

' The genus Elimus would make a third type: — •

C. Petiole linear, rather tliick (very elongate, somewhat pyriform), biden-

tate; its extremity marked with an impressed point; liead moderate;
thorax oval, not acute anpled anteriorly ; metathorax rounded ; the
2d segment elongate, rather attenuate posteriorly ; 2d cubital cell in
a regular truncate triangle ; second rt-onrrent nerve inserted in the
middle, or a little before the middle, of its posterior border.

LABU8.

6t

1. L. Siclieliaillis n. sp. (Fig. 20, 14a.) — Niger, praoilis, tliorace
eloiigiitiusculo, aiiliue cristato-iuarginato, superne crass i use iilo punctato;
petiolo liiieari-pristnatieo ; 20 segraer.to basi subpeilunculato ; capitis
niaculis, pronoti niargine ar.tico, niacnlis 2 scntelli et 2 luetanoti ab-
domiuisque segmeiitorum margiiiilius, flavis.

Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

9. Antenna3 rather clubbed. Head quite orbicular, ratlier
swelled and rounded at the occiput, densely punctured; a little
carina between the antennae. Mandibles short truncate, armed
with three terminal teeth, tricarinate at end. Clypeus ovate, as
wide as long, a little truncate at tip, covered with coarse
punctures, substrigate. Ocelli disposed in an equilateral triangle.
Thorax a little depressed, flattened above, rather ovate (that is,
elongate), rounded posteriorly, a little contracted anteriorly,
truncate and margino-d with a crest; the angles of prothorax
salient. The thorax above strongly punctured, not so strongly
on the sides; the motathorax a little shagreened ; the lateral
faces of this not punctured. Metathorax having its posterior face
vertical, somewhat truncate, triangular, but quite arcuate at the
summit, and margined by a little arcuate ridge, rough and obso-
lete; the hind face parted by a depression and a little strigate in
the groove. Disk of mesothorax o'ongate, having two arcuate
furrows. Petiole elongate, quite linear; only its base filiform;
the rest depressed and compressed, making it prismatic, with a
dorsal, two lateral faces and an inferior face ; the faces having
scattered punctures ; the superior one not parted by a furrow,
but with a round impression before the border; the inferior c^e
carinated; the lateral faces having the margin a little salif-nt
because of their compression ; the compression being more
sensible behind the middle of petiole, so tluit the anterior part of
the swelled portion is a little wider than the rest and a little
ovate. The rest of the abdomen nearly impunctate; the second
segment globular, but its base a little funnel-shaped and articu-
late by a very short neck as in the Zethiisculus. Anterior tibiae
very short.

Black, with short gray pile. Antennte a little ferruginous at
the extremity beneath ; a spot in the middle of the mandibles, a
line on the st'ape, a spot on each side of elypeus, two dots over
the insertion of the antennaj, and one in the sinus of each eye,

58

UYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

yellow. The autorioi' margin of prothorax, two marginal spots
on each wing scale, post-tcguUe, two spots on post-scutel, two
longitudinal fasciaa on tiio motathorax, the end of petiole and the
margin of the abdominal segment, yellow ; the lanu'lhir margin
of these also yellow or ferruginous, as well as the margin of the
anus. A spot at the end of the femora and a lino on the tibiiB
of the first two pair, yellow. Wings subhyalino with brown veins;
the 2d cubital cell subtriaiigular ; its radial tii) very little trun-
cate; the second recurrent nerve inserted in the middle of the
posterior margin.

lieiis. a. diff. — This remarkable type Jias a certain resemblance
to the Eumeiien of Division Zela, because of its elongate linear
flattened petiole; but this is not so much flattened, nor ported by
a furrow, but prismatic, and the head with its short mandibles is
quite that of a Zethus.

It has a very near relationship to the Asiatic Labus but differs
essentially by its prismatic petiole, a form which I have not yet
met with in the Wasp.

Ilab. Ciiili. (This insect was given to me by the celebrated
oculist and reiuarkable entomologist, Dr. Sichel, to whom it is
dedicated.)

Oen. DISC«EL.1VS Latb.

Lip moderate. Labial palpi composed of four articles. 3Iax-
illary palpi composed of six articlas. Mandibles short, obliquely
truncate. Head often enlarged and a little emarginate behind.
Thorax lengthened, often angulate before. Abdomen pediculate;
the first segment transformed into a campanular or linen r petiole.

This genus differs from Zethus by its labial palpi composed of
four articles, and from Eumenes by the mandibles which are not
prolonged in the form of a beak.

This genus connects itself to Zethus by its mandibles, and to
Eumenes and to Odynerus by its complete palpi ; the forms of
its representatives are also intermediate, in some degree, to Zethus
and to Eumenes, and somewhat to Nortonia and Zethus by the
subpediculate abdomen. The form of the thorax, often bordered
and angulated before, especially assimilates it to that which one
sees in the Zethus.

EUMENE8.

59

1* D. merilla Curtis.

Discwliiis meiula Cuiuis, Trans. Liau. Soc. XVII, 325, 1834. — Sauss.

Vespi.les III, 124.
Ejiiixinii c/iilrnsis Spin., Gay's Hist, flsica de chile, Zool. VI, 248, 1851.
Discidiiis c/iilensis Sauss. Vespides, I, 25, 1, 1852.
Discaliui Spinulw,^ SAvsa. Vespides, I, 25, 2, 1852, III, 124.

Eab. Chili.

3. D. pulchellUS Sauss. — 9- Parviilus, punctulatus ; clypeo pirl-
fonui ; apice truuoato ; proiioto antioo biangulato, metanoto lotuiidato ;
petiolo brevissiino, cranpanulato grosse puiiclato ; apico puncto impresso ;
abdominis secundo segin«iito nitido, supra inllato. — Insectuia nigrum,
mandibulis puncto baaali, clypei apice macula nigra, fascia frontali,
puncto post-scutellari, scapi fascia antica, flavis; antonnarum flagello
snbtus ferrugineo ; pronoto antice, tegulis, scutellis et metanoto, flavis,
(sed puncto in tegulis etmatanoti sulconigris;) abdominis segmentorum
1' 2' limbo et secundi maculis 2 lateralibus, flavis; pedibus flavis,
fusco-variis; alls hyalinis. stigmate et areola radiali fuscis, costa fus-
cescente.

%. Mandibulis et clypeo flavis; hoc apice subbidentato, antennarum
unciiio minuto ferrugineo.

Discwlius pulchellus Sauss. Vespides, III, 127, 15.
Ilah. Mexico ; Jamaica.

Legion II. The Odynerites.

Mandibles more or less lengthened, tei-minating in a point,
forming generally by tlieir union a long sharp beak, or when
crossed, an X. Their teeth placed on their inner border ( Vith
Saussure, Vespides, I, p. 27, 11).

Gen. ElIMENES Fabr.

Organs buccate, very long. Tongne long, a little plumose.
Galeas (or ajtpendices) of the jaw very long. Palpi lengthened ;
labial composed of four articles; the maxillary of six. Mandibles
very long, sharp pointed, having a triturating lateral border and
forming by their union a lengthened beak. (In exceptions the
mandibles are sometimes shorter.)

' A variety of Cliileusis.

60

HYMENOPTEIIA OF AMKIUCA.

[part I.

Head much compressed transversely, tliat is, wide, but not tliick,
nor onlargud ; the oyes very wiivex and entirely covering tlie
clieelvs. ClyjK'us always longer tliin wide, willi a variable
termination (bid(nitate, indented, truncate, or rounded).

Tliorax varial)le, globular, or long (luadrate, rarely compressed,
but always without spiniform angles.

Abdomen lengthened pediculate. The first segment forming a
linear or subcampanulate petiole, about as long as the thorax ;
the remainder of the abdomen pyriform.

This genus is very abundant in species, and is found over all
the surface of our globe. It is broken up into peculiar types, of
which one (Division Alpha) is represented everywhere, and tho
others solely on one part of our planiit. These ty})es are con-
nected by natural transitions which embarrass one in assigning
them very fixed limits.

Tho Eumenes are well represented on the new continent. Of
six divisions' into which I have divided the genus, four are found
on the Western Continent, but tho divisions Paehi/menes,
Omicron, and Zeta, are only represented in the tropical parts of
America. The insects, peculiar to the Division Omicron, inhabit
all the equinoctial jiarts of the continent ; and those which belong
in the Division Alpha, extend themselves over the two American
contiueuts withiu their most extended limits.

Division PACHYMENES.
(Sauss. Vespides I, 73, III, 153.)

Abdomen much depressed, never compressed, petiole widened
or campanular, parted by a groove ; its hinder margin having
usually a transverse groove; clypeus generally bidentate ; body
smooth, silky, and chatoyant or velvety ; wings large. (American
type.)

These insects have the appearance of rohjhia, as the Monte-
zumia have that of Si/neeca. It is especially by this appearance
that one recognizes them and the semblance holds good in the
depressed form of the petiole and in the pyriform abdomen as
well as the silky appearance of the body.

' I do not connt the Division Pireunifines, which is worthy to form a
genus (Etudes sur la Fainille des Vespides, III, 133).

EUMENE3.

61

Among certain species, the tliorax becomes narrow, lengtliened,
conii)resseil, and tlie metatliorax is suinetinies lengtliened, no that
the reseniblanee to the J'vlijbia increases. Allliougli tlie J'ach;/-
menes present a series of forms corrcHpondiuij to tiiose wliich one
sees among tlie Polybia; yet one can easily distinguish them from
these social insects by their truncate or bidentate clypcus, which
is not angularly terminated by a sort of tooth.'

This group is not as yet well studied ; most of its species,
which appear to bo rather numerous, are only known by rare
specimens scattered about in collections which have nuah simi-
larity among themselves, all having a silky body and colors pale
or variable, so that one can easily confound them.

Unfortunately it is impossible for me here to establish good
differential characters between these insects, from only knowing
some of them by unicpie specimens and not having under my eyes
the types of all species heretofore described.

I established the genus Pachijmenes in the monography of
solitary wasps to receive those Eumenes of which the clyjieus is
bidentate, the abdomen depressed, and of which the smooth and
satin-like body recalls the appearance of Polybia. But I havo
now renounced this section, so diflicult to define, although includ-
ing insects of a very peculiar appearance; for since that time I
have found many American Eumencs having the clypeus biden-
tate at the end, while certain Pachymenes have a bidentate
petiole, which destroys one of the differences on which the genus
Pachymenes was founded. I have, therefore, undertaken to
reduce the consideration of this generic group to that of a sim-
ple division of genera, and this division itself goes over into the
division Omicron so that it is impossible to fix a refined limit
between them. (Ex. E. Santa-Anna goes over to division Omi-
cron and is quite close to E. Isevis.)

1. Form rather lengthened ; thorax longer than wide ; abdomen
hardly depressed, the 2d segment not campanular.

A. Petiole campanular, enlarged above beyond the middle,

' In my Monographie des Gnep^a Solitaires, I have confonndf d certain
species of Polybia described by Fabricius with the Pachymenes. See
Vespides, III, p. 153. (On the line before the last of that page, for chry-
sothorax, read jialUpes.)

C2

IIYMENOPTERA OP AMF.ttlCA.

[I'ART I.

humped, the hons divided by ayroove; its extremity bordered
by a salient band.

a. Tliorax rather compressed, lengthened.

1* El. sei'iceus Sacss. — Giacilin, fusco-iiiger ; tliorace compresso ;
pedibus, petiolo et tliorace supra ferrugineo-fulvia ; hoc valde fulvo-
velutino ; alis subhyalinis, costa fusca. 9.

Puchymenes sericea Sauss. Vespides, I, 74, 1 (Syn. exul.) ; pi. xii, fig. 5;
ill, 153.

Total length, 19 mill. ; wing, lf> mill.

9. Slender; thorax compressed, ra*hor narrow anteriorly.
Head black; clypeus bicarinate at the extremity, bidentate or
notched; the inner orbits and a line behind the eyes rather yel-
lowish. Antenna) it tip a little ferruginous beneath. Thorax
blackish, but having its upper parts ferruginous or ornamented
with yellowish, and all covered, as well as the sides, with velvety
fulvous hair, rather woolly, which makes it quite fulvous. Petiole
"lender, ferruginous velvety; its base brown, its extremity a little
obscure with a more yellowish border; the rest of the abdomen
of a brown-olivaceous color. Feet ferruginous, more or less
brownish or yellowish.

Bess. a. diff. — Very much resembles anratiis, from which it
differs principally by its quite woolly, velvety hairy thorax and
by its less bidentate clypeus.

Ilab. Brazil. Bahia. (Paris museum.)

3t E. aiir^itus n. sp. — Fulvo-olivaceus ; capite fusco; olypeo bi('en-
tato, apice testaceo-niarginato ; tliorace anreo-sericeo, compresso, niota-
noto valde angusto, sed pronoto autice hand coarctato, petiolo campa-
iiulato, gihboso, sulco subpartito, apice puucto impresso, basi nigro ;
mandibulis, orbitis, pruiioti margiuibus, mesouoti et metaiioti fasclis 2,
scutellis, tegalis et macula subalari, frequenter testaceis ; alls paulum
ferrugineis. 9 •

Total length, 17 mill. ; wing, 13 mill.

9 . Insect slender, of an olive-brown, rather velutinou?. Head
blackish, with "^he orbits somewhat bordered with testaceous;
clypeus flattened, a littlo bicarinate, toward the end strongly
bidentate ; its teeth spiniform, separated by a triangular notch ;
its extremity and its inferior border yellow-testaceous, as well as
the mandibles. Antenna? ferruginous beneath, especially tov/ard

EUMENES.

63

the ciul. Thorax convex, tifroinjli/ rompretincil, stroufrly con-
tracted toward luetathurax, hut not on tlie ]>rothorax, which is
sijuarcly truncate. All the corselet covered with a silky pihlen-
yellow pile; the posterior horder of the jjrothorax and its anterior
nnirgin about the angles, two bands on the niesothorax, two on
the nietathorax, scutels, wing scales, and a spot under the wing
testaceous. Abdomen olive-brown, silky, having an olivaceous
rellection; petiole canii)anulate in the middle; its dilated jtart
carrying a boss terminated by a groove, its border limited by a
rim or rounded band. Its linear part black at the base and a
little testaceous, second segment oval, lengthened, depressed.
Legs varied with testaceous; wings transparent, ferruginous, with
the extremity griseous.

Resa. a. diff. — This species resembles the E. olirareua in the
form of its head and of its abdomen, but its thorax is more com-
pressed, more narrow and lengthened in proportion ; the nieta-
thorax is much compressed an<l ;,-. not bicarinate.

It may be that this is a variety of the B. ftericeus of which the
woolly hair of the thorax has been rubbed off?

I/ab. Brn'^il. Bahia.

3. E. clirysotliorax Safss.

Pdcliijme.iu's chri/sotliora.r Sauss. Vespides, III, 153, 43.

Hah. Brazil. (Typus in musoo Parisicnsi.)

This species, of which I cannot again examine the type, is most
likely a var. of E. sericeits. It is proper to notice that the forms
should be those of E. i)allipes.

b. Thorax not compressed, moderately wide.

4. E. pallipes Sadss. — Fusco-olivaceus ; capitenigro; antennis apice
subtus ferrugineis ; clypeo bicarinato, apice bispinoso, testaceo; orbitis
partim, mesonoti fasciis 2, soutellis, metaiioto superne pleurisque, flavo-
testaceis ; pedibus ferrugineis ; alis ferrugineis, apice fu.sco-nebulosis ;
petiolo sat dilatato, superne tumido, ante marginem canaliculato. J .
Longit. 17 mm.

Pachymenes palUpes Sauss. Vespides, I, 75, 3 (Syn. excl.) ; III, 153.

This species is not so slender as the preceding ; the petiole is
wider. The insect is probably sericeous when living.
Var. Prothorax bordered with testaceous
The colors are certainly very variable.
Hah. South America. (Paris museum.)

fr

64

UYMENOPTKllA OF AMKUKA.

[I'AUT I.

ft. K. olllUCCUH n. Hj). — Olivaeuo-fuHous, t'l>'ii>'i> vaM« liideiitato, (i|iii'H
lliivo-testaoeo; thoraiio aureo-SHiiceo, aiitioe (luailiato, iiiftanoto hujienie
liicuiiiiato ; pt'tiolo tuiiiiilo huIoo partito; antt'iiiii.s siilttus, tegulis et
tai'sis, tKrriigiiiciH ; oiiiitanim inacnlis fascia iiitiiriiiJta ixidt-JscutuUi
tibiiii(£uu tixtus testauei.-i ; alls (lia])liaiiiis, fcnugiiiHis. 9*

Total leugtli, 20 mill. ; wiug, 15 luill.

BroNvu-chocolate or olive. Heiul niul nntciiMii! blackish. Ili'ud
and thorax very dijlicatnly punctured, sericeous; prothurax hroad
and .stjuare ; nictatliorax narrower, short, having in its .superior
part two carina} which start nearly from the angles of the i)ost-
scutel The whole thorax with a golden reliection, velutinous
principally on the luctathorax. Petiole pyriforni-campanular,
swelled above, parted by a delicate groove, bordered by n cordon
preceded by a transverse groove. The rest of the abdomen
depressed — i)ear-shai)ed ; the 2d segment rather elongate.

Antenna) ferruginous beneath, principally at the extremity;
wing scales and tarsi ferruginous. Mandibles, a line behind each
eye, and often the inner orbits testaceous. Tibiic, knees, and
coxie varied with pale yellow; an interrupted lino of this color
margining the post-scutel. Borders of prothorax often ferrugi-
nous or with golden reflections. Wings transparent, ferruginous.

?, Clypeus oval, black, scarcely punctate, ending with two
carina) in two long teeth, separated by a triangular notch ; its
extremity and inferior margins yellow-testaceous.

Bess. a. cliff'. — This species much resembles E. obsciirus and
ater, but differs by its metathoracic carina). It differs from U.
brunneus by its scrolled, swelled, and bordered petiole.

Ilab. Surinam. This species has been communicated to mo
by Capt. Yon Ileyden from the Seukcnberg Mnseum at Frank-
furt (Germany),

6* E. Olisciiriis Smith. — Validus, niger, sericeus; clypeo apice biden-
tato ; mandibulls, flagello, pcdibiis anticis subtus, pronoti niargiue
postico tegulisque, ferrugiueis ; alis byaliuo-ferrugineis. J •

Pachymenes obscura Smith, Cat. Brit. Mus. Vespid., 34, 7 (1857).

Total length, 22 mill. ; wing, 18 mm.

9 . Black. Chqieus pyriforra, having a triangular notch at its
extremity, and bidentate ; often two little carina) terminating in
the apical teeth. Maudibles long, slender, a little arcuated at

EUMENE8.

66

tip. Tlionix rather scinnrc slinpcd nnteriorly, not iiiiirj;Miu'(l.
I't'tiolo cnnipunulatt', rnthur sliort ; its (liliitiilioii brcmil, swollen
superiorly*, lliu loiigitudiiiul eliaiiiiel (piite oiisoictc, only distiiit't
on tlu; antorior part oftlio dilatution. The rest of the ali(lonioa
dei)resse(l.

The whole body very smooth ; head and thorax very finely
puiielured, covered with a line I'ldvous silky pubeseeneo. !Man-
dildes, (lagelhun of the antennse, fore le<fs beneath, ])osterior
margin of the prothorax and winjf scales, ferrnginous; the borders
of the abdominal segments often brownish or ferrnginons. Wings
transparent-ferruginous with brown nervnres; their apieal part
griscous.

Va7'. a. Legs, knees, etc., rather ferruginous.

b. Abdomen cpiite bhiek,

c. A little ferruginous spot under the wing; two dots on base
of antenna).

(1. An interrupted ferruginous line on the post-seutel and two
obsolete lines on the niesothorax.

c. Metathorax and seutels marked with ferruginous (ohscura
Smith).

/. The general color brownish.

g. The emargination of the elypcus more or loss pronounced ;
the clypeus not bidentate, only a little einarginato at tip.

/(. A yellow mark on each side of the clypetis.

i?e.s,s. a. diff. — This sjjeeies much resembles E. ater, but the
thorax seems [to be shorter and thicker. It differs from Azlecus
l)y its shorter petiole, of which the dilation is more triangular,
less elongate, and by its clypeus destitute of spines. Cou^pare
E. ater.

Hah. The temperate parts of Mexico, Orizaba. 6 9 .

"7. E. ater Sacss. — Niger, obsciire-sericans ; clypeo Wdentato, sulfunio-
marginato ; orbiti.? paitini, post-scutelli fascia iiitenupta et petioli
rnargine, sulfureis vel ferrugineis. — % tihiis flavo-variis.

PaJiymenes atra Sauss. Vespides, I, 75, 2; III, 153.

Total length, 20 mill. ; wing, 15 mill.

Form nearly as in E. obscurvs ; clypeus bidentate in the same
way; the same punctuation, but a little smaller in size. The
metathorax clothed with gray pile. The petiole not quite so
5

66

UVMKNOl'TKRA OF AMKUICA.

[I'AUl I.

iiiueli diluted posteriorly, Imviiig on its hinder purl u very olxso-
letc wide ciiiiiiiiel. Tlie tliorux whorler, more eoiivox ; llie uiitc-
riur niarj^iii u little borilered.

Hhiek, with a line Kerleeuus reflection; llugelhiin of the untennaj
bcneuth, prinei|)ully at tip, ferruj^inoUH ; un interrupted line on
llif |)(j,st-.seutel und on the hind margin of the petiole, yellow.
Tilt; end of the femora and the tibiu) a little tinged with yellow.
Wings ferruginous.

9. 'I'lie ennirgiuution und the luterul borders of tlie olypena, a
lino along the orbits inside and at top oi'tsido, sulphur-yellow ;
inundible.s in part and the tarsi, ferruginous.

Var. The inissopleurie marked with ferruginous ; tlic end of the
clypeus not yellow. Margin of segments brownish.

1. Antenmu terniinatfd by a little brown hook. The yellow
orr.nnientH of clypeus more extended. Mandibles black ; tibios
with a yellow band.

Var. No yellow border at the petiole.

licits. a. difj'. — This species ditfers from OUvaceiis by its
mc^tathorax, which is not carinuted.

Hub. Brazil. Rio Janeiro. 2 9, 2 ^.

B. Petiole pyrifonn, depressed, less inflated above, not divided
4)y a groove.

8. E. Santa-Anna. (Fig. C, 6rt.) — Niger, politns, vel punctulatus,
argeiiteo-serioeusjclypeo Lidentato; raetanoto brevi, convexo, abdornine
(liprisso ; puiicto frontali, pronoti inargine postico, ct autice fascia inter-
nipta, scutelli margine, post-scutello, inaciilis subalaribtis, «t segmeu-
toriim abdominis 1, 2 limbo tibiaruuque fascia, luteis ; alis fiisco-
venosis. — Valde variabilis species.

Euvienes Santa-Aium Sauss. Revue, et Mag. de Zoolog., IX, 1857, 272.

Total length, 16 ro'll. ; wing, 11 mm.

Of medium size. Body polished, nearly impunctate. Ocelli
arranged on an arcuate line. Clypeus bidentate ; its teeth
spiniform. Thorax wide and quadrate before ; very slightly
bordered anteriorly; its angles a little rounded. Metathorax
short, convex, as among the true Eumenes, polished and punctate.
Abdomen mnch depressed. Petiole nearly of the length of the
thorax, campannlate, smooth, and shining, its posterior moiety
very wide and strongly depressed, its posterior border thickened

KCMKNKH.

07

in a mai'fifiiml conlDti, wliicli is prec (mIciI hy a lriiiisv(>rsc proovo;
tlu! convexity iidI dividcil liy a juiii^itiKliiiul furrow. Socoiid
soj^meiit siiort above, nearly wlihjr than loiij; ; its posterior Imrdor
not turutMl up. Tlio nietatliorux has it.s latonil faces i>lano and
oblupicly cut.

Insect Ithu'k, litth? or not at all punctured, l)ut smooth, shining',
and j^arnislied wllli a Kilky pile of il\'>\y hair, which jrlve.s It a
sulln-lllvo or silvery appearance. A line on the scape, a little dot
on the face, a lino behind each eye, posterior border of prothorax
along the curve of nie.sothorax, an interruptiKl border on the
anterior niarj^ln of prothorax, two spots under the wiiif^s and a
point on each side of the suniniit of the nietathorax, anterior
border of the scutelluin, post-scutel, and border of sej^nients 1, 2,
of a sulphur-whitish color, generally a lateral yellow spot smelted
with the border of the petiole. Antennaj black, ferruginous
beneath. Leg-s l)lack, the tibiie marked with a yellow line.
Wings transparent, with the nervurcs, the costa, and the radiiil
cell brown. Wing scales red or brown ; their appendicular scale
yellow at the extreniity.

9. Clypeus margined with yellow on each side.

Var. Clypeu.s black ; the scape only tawny beneath.

% . Hook of the antennaj long and ferruginous. Clypcns black,
argenteous.

Vai\ a. No spots on the metatborax. The spots of the thorax
more or less complete. This part of the body often passing into
brown. The flagellum ferruginous beneath.

Hab. The gulf side of Mexico. Tampico. Orizaba, Cordova.
5?,U.

2. Thorax short, globular. Petiole somewhat funnel-shaped,
much lengthened ; 2d segment almost the shape of a globular
bell. Body velvety, bristling with hair.

9. E. Teutricosus Sauss.

Pachymenes ventricosa Sauss. Vespides, I, 77, 6, pi. xii, fig. 7.

Var. a. Second abdominal segment not margined with yellow.
b. Wings very dark with brown reflections.
Hab. South America. Sante Fe de Bogota (not Carolina, as
a false " etiquette" made in print). Venezuela.

68

HYMKNOPTEIIA OF AMERICA.

[part 1.

Division OMICRON.
(Sauss. Vespides, I, 71 ; III, 133, 148.)

Body sericcus. Clypous 9 bidentate, often bicarinatc. Thorax
very short, cubical before, globular behind. Petiole very elongate
— pear-shaped, not carapanulate in the middle, swollen into a
polished boss at the extremity; its margin bordered by a polished
cordon, preceded by a transverse channel or constriction, but
withou*^^ imprcs.sod point at the e::tremity ; the marginal cordon
forming a simple yellow (or black) line, without indentations as
in Division a. The rest of the abdomen more or less depressed,
never compressed, often polished. Second abd. segment having
its colored border followed by a second lamellar nnirgin; second
cubital cell short. Antenniu of males witli a very small terminal
hook, or even cpiite destitute of hook, as in the females.

Ornaments. — The colored border of the posterior margin of
prothora.x more pronounced than the anterior one ; fascia) gene-
rally not wide. The petiole often ferruginous in the middle and
on the sides, its hind margin with a yellow band, and often also
ornamented on each side by an oblique yellow line fused with the
yellow border.

This section only contains species of small size. The head
and the thorax arc very large compared with the abdomen ; they
are sometimes cribrose with great punctures and covered with a
silvery pile, in place of l)cing hairy, sub-woolly as most species of
tlie Division Alpha. The clypeus is more or less bidentate, never
distinctly truncate, and the ocelli have a tendency to arrangement
in a straight o^ arcuate transverse line. The emargination of
the eyes is situated very low, almost in the middle of their height,
and these organs entirely cover the sides of the head, which is
short. Tiie antenna; are inserted very low, sometimes below the
middle of the head.

The thorax is drawn together so as to become at times wider
than long. In front it holds in efl'ect to the cube, being squarely
cut; behind it is rounded, tending lather to the globular form.
The part situated before the scutellum is always sensibly wider
than long, and the prothorax is not in the least attenuated ; on the
contrary, it is angulate, squarely cut, and forms the wider part of
the thorax. Tiic sculels are quite driven back upon the slope of
the raetathorax, which is completely drawn together, having its

a

h
a
]

tl

^

EUMENES.

69

inferior part almost retracted before ; its posterior face is con-
vex, not at all or iiardly divided by a channel into two ridges:
its lateral faces are oblique, and form at their nieetiiif^ with the
hindor part two trenchant vertical edges. Jjehind tiie wing scale
there is a little process. The petiole, at first slender, expands
at the extremity more like a small funnel than in a iiyriforiu
shape.

The clypeus of the males is generally not colored yellow as in
the division Alpha, but resembles that of the female.

The most perfect type of this little group is the E. globicoUis
Spin.

The characters which call for enumeration are on each side more
and more ollaced among the species which by their form approach
to the type of Division I'arhi/menes and of the D'vlsion Alpha.
(For example the E. callimorphn holds almost middle ground
between the Division Oniicron and Alpha; E. Sumichrasti has
a sort of impression at the end of petiole, as in Division Alpha;
E. in/ernalis has the second segment swelled, subcompressed,
etc.)

One must not be too particular about the indefinable limits of
the divisions.

A. Thorax qnile i^hort, cuhic-glohular, larger than the pear of
the abdomen; the '2d xe(jineid of this wider than long (as in
genus Tatua), wide-globular,

10. E. glotoicollis Spin. 9 • — Niger, cano-periceus, (letiae-cribrato-
punctatus ; capita latiore qnain longiore ; clypeo pHiitagonali, Inevi,
punctulato, apice subfisso; tlioiace globoso.paBnelatiore qnain loiigiore,
superne valde convexo, antico truneato, vix perapicuo m/irginato ; petiolo
aiitii'e lineari, postice trigonati, parum inargiiiato ; 20 abd. segtuento
depr(is8o, tnnicato, cum sequeiitilnis valde caiio-iliutlente; aiitenuis
snbtus, macula fiontali, pionoti niarginibus, scutellis pedibusqiie,
petiolo Bubtus, nee iion abd. KPgmeiitornm luargine, plus minus obsciiiti
fusco-fi^rriigiiu'Hcentibus ; oibitis posticH, post-fcgulis, margincque \wt\-
oli, flavis; alls ba?i fuscescentibns. Long. 9 mill.
Vuriat, fere omnino niger, vol 2° abd. segmento llavo-lirabato.

Zethus ulnhlcofis, Spixola Ann. Soc. Knt. Fr.,1841, X, 150, pi. xiii.fig. G.
Eumeues glohicoUis Sauss. Et. Vespides, III, 151,40, pi. viii, fig. 0, tJa.

Hah. Brazil. Para, (Typus in rauseo Spinolae (mus. Tauri-
nense) et iu anctoris museo.)

70

HYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

11. £. regUlUS Sauss. (Fig. 7, 7a, 76.)— Miuutus, niger, subsoriceus ;
tborace uiiuore, sparse ciibrato-puuctato; abdoiuiue polito; clypeo
subemarginato ; anteunis subtus et piouoti luargme aiitico, leirugineis;
puncto froiitali, niargine postico pronoti, post-scutelM ct abdoiuiuis seg-
meutoruin l-"2, tiavis ; alis iuluscatis, stigmate opaco ; tegulia ferru-
gineo-marginatis.

Ewnenes re<julu8 Sauss. Rev. et Mag. de Zool., IX, 1857, 272.

Total length, 7^ mill. ; wing, C mill.

9. Yery small. Head densely punctured. Ocelli placed in a
line very little bent, not forming a triangle. Clypeus delicately
punctured, convex, having its extremity pointed, hardly notched
and bidentate. Thorax strongly cubical, offering all the charac-
ters of the division, cribrose with large deep scattered punctures ;
angles of the prothorax a little raised. Metathorax flattened
convex, only divided by a lino, cribrose like the rest of thorax.
Petiole as long as the thorax, polished, not cribrose, linear as far
as the middle, then enlarged triangularly, bossed, swelled above
at the extremity and finally bordered vith a salient yellow cordon,
which is preceded by a transverse channel ; the pyriform part
of the abdomen very small. Second segment globularly bell-
shaped, depressed, wider than long, flattened beneath, convex
above, polished, offering a satin-gray reflection; its hinder border
rather concave, cut out.

Insect black, clothed with a silvery pile : mandibles, the scape
and extremity of the antenntc beneath and a point between their
insertion, ferruginous ; posterior border of the orbits and a point
in their sinus, yellow or ferruginous ; anterior border of the pro-
thorax ferruginous ; the posterior one margined with a yellow
band, which makes an angle with a ferruginous or yellow fascia
placed on the sides before the wing scale. Anterior margin of
scutel, post-scut«l, and a line on each side on the edge of the
metathorax, or only a spot on each side on its summit, yellow;
wing scale ferruginous or bordered with brown, the post-tegular
process yellow. Often there is on the thorax something of brown.
Petiole often having its middle and a line on each side ferrugi-
nous; its hinder margin adorned with a yellow border, fused with
a yellow spot on each side of its extremity. The second segment
margined with yellow. The other segments black, or bordered
by a yellow or testaceous submarginal slightly sinuous band. Feet

i

EUMENES.

n

of

ho

th
nt
cd
eet

black, varied with ferruginous; tarsi and tiliia; 1st, 2d, brown or
ferruginous. "Wings transi)iirent, snioliy ; brown along tlio ante-
rior uiargiu ; the brown extending as far as the end of the radial
cell. Stigma very large, black, often opaque, surrounded by a
transparent zjue. First discoidal cell almost rectangular; third
cubital wider than long; the second small.

%. Thirteenth article of the antenna; very variable, sometimes
rudimentary, not forming a hook, but only a little tubercle, some-
times i'orming a very small black hook ; sometimes more elongate,
ferruginous. Souietimes the antennae are simple, as in the females,
Clypeus as in the 9, hardly emargiuate, shining, black; its infe-
rior extremity only presenting two small approaching i)roj('ctions,
or a little parted by a channel ; black, as in the 9, or with two
yellow dots near the summit.

Var. a. Markings of the thorax often ferruginous and the little
process situated behind the wing scale, not yellow ; the yellow
fascia3 of the last segments of the abdomen dull, sometimes fer-
ruginous.

b. Head entirely black. Scutel scarcely marked with yellow.

c. The scape of the antenna; ferruginous, obscure above.

d. Wing scale ferruginous.

e. Petiole quite black.

/. The yellow ornaments changing into ferruginous.

g. Metathorax quite black.

/),. No yellow fascia before the tegula; on the sides.

Common varieties. — A. The 2d segment a little shorter; its
margin a little more concave. Hinder margin of protliorax
honey-yellow or fulvous; scutel and post-scutel dull rufous, mcso-
pleura- dull rufous. (10 9,2 %.)

Va7\ Scutel rufous, post-scutel yellow. I cannot consider this
as a different species.

B. Prothorax quite black, with the hinder margin yellow ;
scutel black ; post-tegula; and post-scutel yellow ; two yellow
dots on top of metathorax, or two lines on its angles.

Bess. a. diff. — Differs from the E. microscopicus (its near
neighboi") by the arrangement of the ocelli, which do not form a
triangle, but only an arcuate line.

It is distinguished from E. Mexicanns by its small size ; })y its
yet shorter thorax, more analogous to that of the E. glohicollis ;
by its abdomen, longer and smaller in proportion; by its clypeus

72

HYMENOPTKRA OP AMEUICA.

[PAKT I.

not distinctly bidentato at the end ; by tbo opaque stigma of tbc
wing; and by tiie much coarsei" puncture of the tliorax. It dilfers
from E. aviculus by its smaller thorax, polished, impunetate
abdomen ; from Ihoracicus by its smaller, regularly convex
thorax; from Totonacus by its grayish-silky body, its pale yellow
ornaments, its narrow abdominal bands, and its wings in which
the 2d recurrent nerve is not interstitial, but falls into the 2d
cubital cell. This Eumenes much resembles Fohjbia occidenlalis,
jjurcula, etc., but diB'ers by its clypeus not angular and by the
punctures of the body.

IJab. The hot and temperate regions of Mexico. Tampico,
Cordova, Orizaba. (I have taken several specimens, 9 S , at
Tampico and at Cordova, 44 9; 27 %.)

Fig. 7 represents tlie male enlarged ; the petiole is a little too short, and
its pyrifonn part too large. In the fig. 7", the clypeus is not sufficiently
prolonged at the extremity, and too truncate. lu the lig. 76, tlie abdomen
is too large.

12« E* Totonacus n. sp. — Minntus, niger, nitidissimus ; thorace
punctato, petiolo elongato, lineari, apice trigonaliter dilatato; pronoti
margine postico, post-scutello, metanoti strigis 2, abdominis segmentorum
1', 2' margine sat late, la;te flavis, petiolo medio ferrugineo; a'is infu-
matis, 2-' vena recurrento interstitiali.

9 . Total length, 8 mill. ; wing, G.} mill.
% . Total length, 7 mill. ; wing, 5^ mill.

9. Quite similar to E. regulus; only diifering by the follow-
ing : Body more brilliant black, less grayish-silky. Clypeus
shining, delicately punctured, and its extremity parted by a groove,
subbidentatc. Head finely punctured. Scutel convex, parted by
a strong groove. Metathorax parted by a groove up to the top
as in Eegidus, or still more strongly ; more polished, punctures
more scattered. Petiole a little longer; all of the abdomen very
much polished.

Black : A spot at base and extremity of the scape, and the
extremity of antennaj beneath, tawny ; a spot in the sinus of the
eye and one behind the summit, yellow or tawny; po.sterior mar-
gin of prothorax, post-tegulse, post-scutel, and angles of meta-
thorax, Vu'ight yellow; the middle of the petiole ferruginous; its
margin yellow ; on each side a transverse line fused with the
yellow border ; the second segment with a rather broad yellow

EUMENES.

T3

fascia ; those following with a piccous border. Tibia? and tarsi
more or less ferruginous. ^Vings cloudy, the 2d recurrent nerve
quite interslilial, or even falling a little into the third cubital
cell. •

% . Ilook of the antenna; very small.

Var. a. Metathorax without yellow fascia;.

h. A spot under the wing and the anterior border of prothorax
in part, yellow or tawny.

Ress. a. diff. — This species is an example of tho difficulty of
the study of these numerous little Mexican species, which is not
possible but with numerous specimens. It quite resembles H.
regidus, but the body is very much polished (like ghiss), very
black, not grayish, and the more elongate filiform part of the
petiole gives it a peculiar appearance ; the yellow ornaments also
are bright yellow, not citron ; the yellow fascia of the 2d segment
is wider, and nearly double ; the tip of petiole has a fascia; lastly
the character of tho wing is a very sure guide in distinguishing
this species.

Hab. Mexico, Bailos. 3 9, 1 S.

13* E. aTiculUS n. sp. — Parvulus, thoraco vab"(1o, globoso, convexo,
dense cribrato-puiictato ; ahdumine punclulo; petiolo postice trigonali
obscure rufo-variegato, sciitellis et pedibus partiiu rufis ; alis uebulosis ;
variat scutello nigro, post-scutello flavo.

9 . Total length, 8-9 mill. ; wing, 6.3 mill.
^ . Total length, 7.5 mill. ; wing, 5 mill.

9. Form much the same as in E. rcgiilus. But the thorax
much larger, cubic; the petiole wider, more triangular posteriorly,
and more inflated. Head a little more strongly punctured, thorax
more densely, quite densely cribrose ; the petiole end abdomen are
also densely punctured, but not so coarsely as the thorax. Clypeus
a little wider, cribrose, its apex also subbidentate, or divided by
a little groove. Disk of mesothorax more wide than long, parted
anteriorly by a little sulcosity; scutels quite oblique, forming
altogether with the metathorax the convex hind face of the
thorax. Second segment depressed.

Black, very slightly sericeous. Tips of mandibles, antennae
beneath, a frontal spot, a line behind the eyes, borders of pro-
thorax, mesoplenroe, tegulaj, scutels, sides of metathorax and of
the abdomen, borders of all the segments, tibiffi, and tarsi, dull-

74

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

rufous. Wings cloudy, iritlescont ; nerves aud stigma blackish;
I2d cubital cell as in E. I'e'julus, as long as wide ; its radial
margin broad.

Vur. a. Mandibles more ferruginous. Antenna) dull ferrugi-
nous with au obscure line ou the scape, aud blackish ou the
flagellum.

h. Head black without ferruginous spots.

c. Prothorax ferruginous.

(/. Post-scutel and tegula; blackish.

e. I'rothorax black, only the posterior border ferruginous.

/. Angles of post-scutel, post-tegula;, and border of petiole
yellow.

% . Smaller, Clypous grayish-silky. Antcnnse with a little
ferruginous hook. The frontal spot, scape beneath, margin of
petiole yellow.

Var. Prothorax black ; its hinder margin yellow ; post-scutel
yellow ; margin of the abdominial segments yellowish.

Common variety. — Generally of small size. Body quite black;
scape and apex of the antenna) beneath ferruginous. Posterior
border of prothorax, post-scutel, border of abdominal segment,
1st, 2d, yellow; of the others dull-yellowish. Tegula) fuscous;
feet partly ferruginous. Petiole not so much dilated posteriorly,
more pyriform than triangular. (5 ?, 2 %. Cordova.)

liess. a. diff. — A very distinct species by its large convex
thorax and drongUj jnoutured abdomen. The head and thorax
are much as in Tliorucicus, but the dorsum of the thorax is regu-
larly convex, not deformed. In the little varieties, the thorax
gets smaller, and the petiole narrower than in liegulua, but the
punctured abdomen always enables one to distinguish the species.

Hal). Mexico; the Oriental Cordillera; Orizaba, Cordoba,
Moyoapam. (12 9, G l)

14* £. thoraciciIS n. sp. — Parvulus, niger fulvo-velutinus ; thorace
sat valido, globoso, snpenie defonni, niesonoti disco snbliicaiinato,
utrinque foveolato et subgibberoso, sparse cribrato-punctato ; abdomine
impuuctato, petiolo postice piiiformi; corpoie obscure rufo-variegato ;
scutellis rufis ; petiolo flavo-limbato ; alis uebulosis.

9. Total length, 10 mill. ; wing, 8 mm.
% . Total length, 9 mill. ; wing, 7 mm.

9. Head and thorax as in E. aviciilus. Clypeus punctured,
but not bicarinato, and parted by a groove at tip; having the tip

EUMENES.

T6

flat, a little truncate, or sub-emargiiiatc. The head a little more
unequal; the jjroovos of the antenna} stronger, etc. Tlie thora:£
not quite so large nor so eubic anteriorly ; the duk of the vieso-
thorax somewhat gibbous, having two longitudinal carina' in the
middle and on each side before a sort of sinking or excavation,
behind which is an eminence next to the wing scale; two sulco-
sities continue the excavation up to the scutel ; the scutellum
oblique, parted by a groove ; the nietathorax still more divided
Ijy a groove. The thorax covered with strong, rather scattered
punctures; on the nietathorax not so strong. Abdomen polished,
nut punctured, or only indistinctly ; petiole more elongate, not
so Ijroad, behind more pyriform-truncate than triangular, not
much inflated.

Black, with a fulvo-sericcus pile. End of mandibles, antcnnte
beneath, a frontal spot, a line behind the eyes, and a spot in their
emargination, dull ferruginous. Both borders of prothorax,
tegukc, post-tegula;, scutels, and sides of the abdomen, obscure
ferruginous ; border of petiole with a yellow margin ; the other
segments with an obscure ferruginous marginal band ; that of
the third and following segments twice notched. Feet ferrugi-
nous, black at base. Wings cloudy, nerves blackish.

%. A little smaller, but quite identical with the female. The
clypeus might be a little more bidentatc; the hook of antenna;
small, blackish.

Var. a. Antenna;, prothorax, and mcsopkura) more or less
ferruginous.

b. The disk of mesothorax not bicarinate.

Itess. a. diff. — This species is very nmch like E. aviculus, having
nearly the same coloration, but differs principally by its not
strongly punctate abdomen, and narrower, longer petiole. It is
easy to distinguish from all neighboring species by its deformed
mesothorax ; in other tilings quite close to E. regulus.

Hah. Mexico. Oriental Cordillera. (20 9,3 %, Mr. Sumi-
chrast.)

B. Tliornx a little longer than wide. Tlie 2d segment of abdo-
men sometimes rather elongate.

15. E. Mexicanus. (Fi(r. 8, 8a.) — Sat minntus, nicer, densn puno-
tatns ; scxitello crassins cribrato; clypeo piano, nitido, apit-e Inspinoso;
utrinque antennis subtui^ et pronoti margine antico, ferrugineis, puiicto

76

HYMENOPTERA OF AMEIUCA.

[part I.

frontali, pronotl raargine postico et alul. seginentonim 1', 2' limbo, llavis ;
pudibuH ob.scure furrugiuuis, basi nigris ; ali.s Hiibiut'uscatis.

Eumenea Mexicanus Sauss. Rev. Zool., 1857, VI, 272.

9. Total Imigth, 11 mill. ; winn, 8 mm.
■J. Total leugtb, 10 mill. ; wing, 7 mm.

Xot SO small as the prccodiiif^ ; head wide, densely punc-
tured. Clypeus pyriform, flattened, terminated by two sharp,
spiniform teeth ; a frontal carina hetween the antenna) continued
by a delicate sulcosity up to the middle ocellus. Thorax cubical
before, rounded behind, nearly as wide as long; densely punc-
tured throughout; its anterior margin a little turned up.

The punctures a little fuier on the nietathorax, those of scutel-
lum coarse and more didant or scattered. Disk of mesothorax
parted by a delicate sulcosity. Abdomen shining and polished ;
petiole punctured but shining, at first linear and then truncate,
pear-shaped, bossed, somewhat bidentate, rimmed at the extremity ;
the rim preceded by a strong constriction ; the pyriform part of
the abdomen shining and satin like ; very finely punctured ; the
second segment a little contracted behind, slightly depressed; that
is, wider than high, somewhat wider than long; truncated a little
from above downward and from before backward ; that is, the
inferior face is a little longer than the superior ; the posterior
border slightly sinuous in the middle ; the subjacent lamina not
sinuous.

Body black, clothed with a silvery-fulvous pile. Mandibles
ferruginous at the extremity and sometimes tinged with that color
at base. A yellow or ferruginous spot between the antennte ;
these last black above, ferruginous beneath ; often the scape is
chestnut-bay beneath and at base. Posterior border of the pro-
thorax marked with a narrow yellow line; the anterior and lateral
borders rufous. Scutellum often bordered with yellow or tawny
anteriorly, or with two yellow marks ; post-scutel yellow, with
the anterior border black; petiole a little ferruginous on the sides
and on its narrow part ; the two first segments of the abdomen
bordered by a yellow cordon ; the lamellar border of the second
and the margins of the following testaceus-rufous. Feet sombre
ferruginous; black at the base. Wings smoky. Wing scales
ferruginous, marked with a yellow dot on their posterior margin.

9. Clypeus black, with a yellow macula on each side near the

ElJMENEa.

11

top, or bordored with yellow o» Its lateral margins, or entirely
black.

%. Clypcus yellow, covered with a silvery pile ; the flagellinn
of the auteimu) moro ferruginous at base, black in its second
part, with a moderate ferruginous hook. Thora.\ a little mo»e
elongate.

Var. Clypeus bordered all round with black.

Var. lu both so.xcs, the teeth of the clypcus arc moro or less
spiniform, sometimes the notch between them is Glled by a little
arcuated border, which makes the teeth short and not spiniform.
The dilated part of the netiole is more or less wide ; more or loss
bidcntate, or not bidentM^iC ; the frontal and mesothoracic sulcosity
not distinct.

a. Clypeus and head entirely black. Anterior border of the
prothora.K and scutcllum black. Petiole without ferruginous.

b. Clypeus margined on both sides with yellow.

e. Mesothorax with two rufous lines; scutels bordered with
yellow.

d. The mctathorax and raesopleurie passing to ferruginous.

e. The end of petiole mixed with brown, or with two transverse
lines, smelted with the yellow border.

/. Abdomen passing to brown.

(J. The yellow marking of the thorax more or less wanting ;
no spot on the wing scale.

Bess. a. cliff.- — This species is very near to the E. callimorplms
Sauss., but is distinguished from it by certain characters dillicult
to describe. The clypeus is flatter; its teeth are a little shorter ;
the ocelli are placed upon a less arcuate line, and the vertex has
two transverse grooves between the summit of the eyes and the
external ocelli. The thorax is more coarsely and less densely-
punctured and above all wider and larger in proportion; its
angles arc a little upturned at the shoulders. The petiole is
shorter; its dilatation is more funnel shaped, less pyriform. The
second segment seen from above is a little more sinuous, which
renders the lamellar edge more salient. The abdomen is more
distinctly punctured. The coloration, finally, is strongly analo-
gous. Distinct from E. regulus and totonacus by its larger
size, and its flattened, bidentate clypeus, etc. Differs from E.
olmecus by its smaller size, punctate, not velutiuous thorax, more

t8

IIYMENoI'TERA OP AMERICA.

[I'AHT I.

infliitod petiole, sliorter 2(1 scf^inoiit, with rather simiated iimrf,nii,
etc. Sec! also the E. Norioniana and CresHtmiana.

Hah. The Gulf side of Mexico. (I have taken some specimens
of it at Tainpico.) Tlio Orieutal Cordillera, Bauio (Mr. Suiiii-
chrast). 9 9,5 %.

K(da. — Mr. Siuiiichrast attributes to this insect a most interest-
ing nest. It is formed of a mass of cellules or habitations com-
posed of a black bark which seems to bj agglutinated by some
gummy material. These habitations are more or less cylindrical
and gumnied one against another. Hut although they form a
double row, they arc not always parallel like the cells of social
wasps, but a little oblique the one upon the other, which renders
their arrangement quite irregular. This nest is fixed upon a
little branch of the oak. It greatly resembles in its system that
of Zelhua Roma nd in us, which 1 have cited as apropos of this
species. But its surface, instead of being fibrous, is here cellulous-
rugose; one renmrks here sonic little rounded or polygonal cells,
the borders of which form a sort of reticulation, which is, how-
ever, but a simple sculpture; the fos.settes are too small to be
compared to basal sockets, and have absolutely nothing in common
with the outlines of cells which one often finds on the borders of
wasps' nests. I should not be surprised if this nest should be
rather that of a Zethus than of the E. viexicanus, and that it
should prove to be an error in the " etiquette" mark.

llr« E* Slimiclirasti n. sp. — Crassiusculus, niger ; clypeo bidentato ;
thorace quadrate, tennissime ruguloso; abilomiiie uitido, petiolo Bpar.se
punctato, cauipanulato, incrai-sato-marginato ; apice .sulco diviso ; fioiitis
niacnla, tnargine postico pronoti, abdominis segtuentorum 1', 2' limbo,
post-sciitelloque, llavis. 9 .

Total length, 11 mill. ; wing, 8.3 mill.

?. Quite closely related to E. Mexicanus. A little larger.
Clypeus bidentate, not so much flattened. Thorax a little longer,
not so distinctly punctured but quite delicately shagreened all
over. The petiole* more campanulatu, wider, truncate ; much
swelled, also bordered by a salient cordon, but parted by a groove
with a shallow impression before the border; 2d segment rather
elongate, the lamellar edge very narrow, hardly distinct, although
the first edge is not thick.

Black, with grayish-silky reflection ; abdomen silky-shining,

EUMENE8.

79

very delicately punctured ; the petiole distinctly punctured,
]Miiii(lil)les ill part, antenntu bcMeatli, tej^rulic, knees and tibitu partly
rufo-fuscous; u dot between tlio antennie, a line l)oliind the eyes,
hind Ixtrder of prothurax, iiost-sentel and Iiorder of sefjnient lat,
'id, yellow; the rest of the abdonu'ii, even the lamellar edge of
2d segnient, (piite black. Wings cloudy.

licHn. a. dill'. — llesenibles very much K. Santa-Anna and Ivevu,
in the form of its petiole, but this is parted by a groove at the
end, and the thorax is shagreened ; the petiole is also shorter.

Jlab. Mexico; the Oriental Cordillera. Orizaba (Mr. Sumi-
chrast).

IT. E. BraflilanUH n. sp.— Niger; clypeo nigro, aplce bidentato;
tlioraee punctato, quailrafo, pioiioti inaigine jmstico ferrugineo vel llavo,
tegularum uiargiiie ferrugineo; abiluininis .segiiientoruiu iiiargine 1-0
flavo limbato ; uaiidibulis, tibiis et taroiH autice furrugineid, reliquis
ferrugineacentibua ; alls subiiifuscatis. 9-

9. Total length, 'U>^ mm. ; wing, 8^ mm.

9. This insect is exactly like the E. mexicanus, and only
differs from it in certain characters.

The clypeus is less flattened, and is not shining but dull ; there
is hardly any frontal carina. The punctuation of the body is
apparently the same or a little more dense. The scutellum is a
little less strongly cribrose. The antcnnte are scarcely ferrugi-
nous beneath. The clypeus and the scutels are entirely black ; the
segments 3-5 have their borders delicately ornamented with yel-
low above and beneath.

This species may be but a variety of the E. mexicanus. In
both species the 2d cubital cellule of the wing is quite large, tra-
peziform, with straight borders; the radial border is large.

Hab. Brazil. (The author's collection.)

IS* E. ISBTis MiHi. — Niger, cinereo-sericeus, Isevig, fere impunctatns ;
clypeo acute bidentato ; tlioraee antice quadrato; abdomine depresso ;
petiole depresso-gibboso ; mandibulis et antennis subtus, ferriigineis;
liuea scapi antennarum, lineola pronoti marginis postici et tenuis^^ima
marginis antici, fascia scutelli, lineis 2 metanotl et margine petioli,
flavis; abdominis segmentis rufo marginatis, fascia prsemargiuali tlava;
tibiis flavo-variis ; alls fnscesoentibns. 9 •
Vuriat. abd. segra. margine 30-5^ ferrugineo.

E. cingulatus Sadss. Et. Vesp., Ill, l.'il, 41 (Syn. excl.).
Total length, 12 mm. ; wing, 9 mm.

80

IIYMENOPTEUA OP AMKKICA.

[I'AUT I.

This spof'ics lias not been sunHciciilIy woll dcscrilx'd.

9 . '.'lypt'ii.s (liiltt'iiecl, polislit'd ; its apex cariiialfil into two very
iicutt; toetli, Hcpamti'(l by u kIiuIIow notfli. Tliorax jijlohulivr,
polislicd, s(juar(! anteriorly, with its angles insensibly raised.
Metathorax very delieately punctured, parted l)y a eluiniud.
A))donien i)olisiied, niiu'h depressed ; tlic seeoiid Iniif of the
petiole rather wide, altliouj^li swidlod above; the hind margin of
tlie Heeond segment straigiit ; not sinuous.

Inseet black, with nn argentcous reflection. Antcnnic slender,
ferruginous below at tho npnx; frc(iuently a yellow line on the
scape. A spot on tho forehead and in the sinus of the eyes,
yellow. A. narrow interrupted lino on tho anterior border of tho
prothorax, a line on tho i)osterior margin, a spot before tho wing,
two dots on tho anterior angles of tlio seutelluni, a band on tho
post-scutelluni, and two lines on tho nietatiiorax, yellow; .the
margin of tho first two abdominal segments also bordered with a
yellow line; that of tho petiole smelted with two lateral spots;
tho lamellar borders of segments 2d and following, rufo-tcstaeo-
ous ; this color preceded by a fine yellow line. Coxic and tibia3
ornamented with yellow. AVings cloudy, with golden reflection.

i?c'.s.s'. a. diff. — This species approaches very much to E. calli-
viorpha, but its abdomen is much depressed; the petiole not so
l(jng, more dilated ; the clypeus less notched. The thorax,
although more polished, has just tho same form. In its appear-
ance this Eumencs quite restndjles E. inaxicanus, but it is larger,
tho clypeus is more ovoid, not so pyriform ; tho body is not
punctured, and the thorax is a little longer than wide. In its
depressed abdomen and its impunctured body, it quite resembles
E. Santa-Anna, but it is more slender, less depressed; the thorax
has another appearance, etc. Nevertheless, it annoys mo much
to separate E. loevis from E. Santa-Anna, but the first seems to
be a smaller Brazilian representative of tho last.

Hab. Brazil; Para. (The type in the collection of Spinola,
Turin mus., and in the author's collection.)

Obfei'vation. — The Fabrician synonym is very doubtful; I first
adopted it according to the collection of Spinola, but the descrip-
tion given by Fal r. does not fit our insect, which, as we think,
must be considered a different one.

EUNKKNES.

81

19. E. IVovurOD ^ADMH.— DrnuiliH, niger, (Inyo nt badio tfiinitfr varli*.
gatUH ; aiituiiiiirt Hubtuit furrUKiiittiH; t'lypuo lii<iuntato; alxloiniiiu d«<
pruHHO, Hegtueiitis aiigUMtu tliivo-limbatiii ; pt'tiolu Hloiigato, i)irit'ormi.

E. iSovnra Sac8b. Kuitte d. Oesterr. Fregiit. Noviira, Zool , II, Hyineu. (J,
1, flg. 3.

Total length, 14 mm.; wing, Id} mm.

9. Black, Bcriceous. Thorax whort, {^lobular, very con vox.
I'etiole elongate, not campanular, bordered l)y a cordon. J{od y
very delicately jjunctate, the nietathorax a little more strongly,
argenteo-sericeous. The extremity uf the mandiljles, teeth of the
clyjieus, antenniu beneath, a sj)ot on the forehead, fulvo-forrugi-
nou8 ; base of mandibles, lateral border of clypeus, a dot in the
sinus of the eye, and a line behind their summit, yellow; a line on
the hind margin of prothorax and a line on each angle and border
of tegula), ferruginous; two .spots on the angles of .scutel, a line,
on post-scutel, a dot and a line on the sides of thorax, and a little
line on the margins of the segments of abdomen, yellow. Feet
black with the coxte maculate with yellow; knees and tibiic out-
side yellow. Wings hyaline, with black nerves and the anterior
margin narrowly brown.

Var. All the ornaments more or less yellow or ferruginous.

lless. a. cliff. — This species has adepres.sed form; it resembles
E, Santa-Anna, although it is not so much depressed, and more
slender. It comes very close to E. Ivevh, but with a shorter
thorax. Not having the tyjic, I dare not give a more approxi-
mate composition. It is a liitle larger than E. olmecus^ and a
little smaller than E. Santa-Antin.

Bab. Brazil, llio Janeiro. (Museum of Vienna.)

30. £• minutus Fabr. — E. regulo paulo iimjor, niger, punctatu<*,
aureo-sericeii.s ; clypeo convexiusculo, ])unctulat<) ; antennis subtus t'ei-
nigineo-variis ; pronoti mari;in« postico, post-sculello abdominisque sc u-
mentorum limbo, flavis; pedibus nigris, tibiis et taisis obscure ferrugi-
neis ; alis subinfu:jcatis. 9-

fEumenes minuta Fadr. Syst. Piez., 291, 23 (1804).
Total length, 9 mm. ; wing, 7 mm.

9. A species extremely near to ^. mexicanus. Size a little
smaller ; body a little more slender ; clypeus slightly convex,
punctured and ovoid, subemarginate at tip (not strongly biden-
6

82

HYMENOPTERA OF AMEUICA,

[I'AUT I.

tate) ; no frontal carina. Tliorax smaller, a little shorter; llio
angles of the prothorax not upturned ; the petiole more slender; the
second abdominal segment a little shorter and with a less sinuous
border. The scutel having about the same punctuations as the
rest of the thorax.

Insect black, clothed with a golden pile; antcnnnc slightly-
varied with ferruginous beneath; a yellow line b(;hind tlie summit
of the eyes ; posterior margin of the prothorax and post-scutel
marked with a honey-yellow cordon ; anterior border of the pro-
thorax on each side a little tawny ; a feeble dot under the wing
and the post-tegula; yellow, as well as a narrow border on all the
segments of the abdomen. (The second lamina of the border of
the second segment, also yellow.) Wing scale black, bordered
with brown. Feet black, tibia) outside and tarsi ferruginous.
, Wings slightly smoky, stigma opaque.

Bess. a. diff. — It is larger than E. reguliis, the thorax not
covered with strong punctures but finely and densely punctured;
the end of petiole not so much canaliculate before the margin.
It comes quite near E. totonacus, but is a little larger, the thorax
more densely punctured ; the scutel not gibbous and not parted.

Hab. Brazil.

31. E. cingulatus Fabr.

Eumenes cingulata Fabr. S. P., 287, 13 (1804). — SauS8. Vespideo, III,
151,41.

Hab. Cayenne. (Typus Saussurii in mus. Spinolae, Taurl-
nensi.)

33. E. par rulus Sacss.

Euuitnes purvulus Sauss. Vespides, III, 149, 37, pi. viil, fig, 5, 5a (1854).

Hab. Brazil. (Typus in rauseo Parisiensi.)

33. E. pusillus Sadc^s.

Eumenes pusillus Sauss. Vespides, III, 149, 38 (1854).

Hab. Brazil. (Typus in museo Parisiensi.)

34. E. microscopicus Sadss.

Eumenes microscopica Sadss. Vespides, I, 72, 62 (1852).

Hab. Brazil. (Typus in museo Parisiensi.)

EUMENES.

83

These species are imperfectly known ; I do not possess them
in my collection, and it may be possible that our E. minutus
proves to be one of them.

C. lliorax vol so wide ; longer than broad; not larger, or even
smaller than the pear of the abdomen. (Form verij much
as in Division Alpha.)

25> E. calliinorpbnsSADSS. — Niger, laevis, gracilis ; dypeo valde
bidentalo ; tiioiaco teimiter dense puiictato, luesonoto hand sulcato ;
abdoiuiue gracili, petiolo subeloiigato, angusto; auteiinaruiu aiticulia
1-4 plus minusveferriigiueis; corpora ut iu E. Mexicano llavo-oruato,
petiolo utriuque liiiea dava.

Total leugth, 14 mm. ; wiug, 9 mm.

E. caUhmrpha Sauss. Et. Vesp., I, 71, 01, pi. xiii, fig. 4; ibid. Ill, 148.
f E. campanulata Fabr. S. P., 291, 22, 9.

Clypeus terminated by two spiniform teeth. A more or less
distinct frontal carina. Thorax quadrate before, delicately punc-
tured ; its angles slightly rcflexed. Petiole elongate ; its pear-
shaped part slender, truncate, bordered, and channelled as in
the other species. The abdomen depressed.

Black, covered with a very short silvery pile ; the abdomen
quite polished; the pile making it appear tenously slrigate.
Antenna) beneath, a part of the mandibles, and teeth of clypeus,
ferruginous. A spot on the forehead, one in the sinus of each eye,
a line behind the eyes, yellow- tawny ; both borders of prothorax,
(the anterior one interrupted), a spot under the wing, post-
tegula;, anterior border of scutcls, posterior border of the abdo-
minal segments, a Inie all along the sides of the petiole and an
oblique spot smelted on each side with its border, yellow or
rather ferruginous. The extreme margin of the segments l-h,
brown. Knees, tibiae, and tarsi most ferruginous. Wings
smoky.

9. Clypeus black, with two yellow spots near the top; its
teeth spiniform, carinated.

% . Clypeus yellow, argcntcous ; its teeth not so sharp, not
carinated.

Var. The colors are more or less developed, as in other species.
The legs more or less ferruginous, at times entirely red ; the
petiole beneath and on the sides is of the same color ; no yellow
line upon the scutellum. The clypeus is more or less strongly

84

HYMENOPTERA OF MtfERICA.

[part I.

bidentate, the teeth arc at times long, sharp, separated by an
angular notch ; often less long and separated by a shallow notch
like the arc of a circle ; a little carina often parts the anterior
margin of the soutel. Wings with some violet reflections.

Bess. a. diff. — This is larger and more slender than all the
preceding, butsmallerthan ^. oZmecws. It makes the M-ansition
to the Division Alpha. It has the same coloration as most of
the species of the same division, except that it possesses all along
each side of the petiole a yellow line. I'he petiole and the pear
of the abdomen ax*e also more elongate, the 2d segment longer
than wide.

Hah. Brazil. 2 9 , 1 ^ from Bahia. 2 ? (coll. Spinola), from'
Rio Janeiro.

The description which Fabricius has given of his E. campa-
nulata does not mention the two lateral yellow lines of the petiole,
nor the spots of the clypeus, nor does it accord well in the
antennae with the E. calUmorpha, for which reason we do not dare
to assert positively that this is the E. campanulata of Fabr.

There are probably more than one species very closely allied
to this which might be easily confounded with it; /. i., the fol-
lowing description which I find in my notes seems to indicate a
different species with sulcate mesonotum.

26* £• ilicer£us> — E. calUmorpho simillimus, at clypeo minus biden-
tato, mesonoti disco 2-vel 4-sulcato; corpora nigro; antennis subtus et
tibiia extns, ferrugiueis ; pronoti margiuibus, petioH lineis litenilibiis 2
et niargiue, segmentorumque 20-401iuea prsemarginali tenuissima, sul-
fureis. 9 .

9. Figure, size, and form the same as that of E. calUmorpha,
but differs in the clypeus, shining, offering also two carinae, but
less strongly bidentate ; its latero-inferior borders sinuate.
Thorax a little more distinctly punctured ; the disk of the meso-
thorax offers four lovgiludinal furrows.

Insect black, shining, with silvery reflections. Antennae ferru-
ginous beneath; a fine line bordering the two margins of the
prothorax, ferruginous or yellowish. The bordering of the
petiole, a little mark on each side of the middle of it, and a spot
above toward its base, sulphur-yellow, as well as a fine submar-
ginal line upon segments 2-4, both above and beneath ; the
extreme border of these last, black. Tibiae 1st, 2d, ferruginous
before ; wings a little smoky.

EUMENE8.

85

Hab. Para. (Collect, of Spiuola. Collected by Mr. Ghiliani.)
May be a variety of the L\ callimorphaf

2*7. E. miles n. sp. — Niger, punctulatus, clnereo-sericana ; mandibniis
pedibusque partial rufis ; clypeo apice bispinoso, utrinquc fascia auran-
tia; corpore valde aurantio-variegatr ; alls nigresceutibus. 9-
Leugth of the wiug, 10 miu.

9 , Size of E. pomiformis, smaller than fratcrnus.

Black, grayish-silky, shining, delicately punctured. Head
rather broader than long. Mandibles very long, arcuated at tip,
reddish, with a yellow spot at base, Clypeus flattened, ending
in two sharp spines, in which fall two short carina}. The borders
of clypcus yellow ; antennce blackish ; fulvous beneath up to the
4th joint. A spot on the forehead, one in the emargiiiation of
each eye, a line behind the eye, a fascia on the fore and on the
hind margin of prothorax, a spot under the wing, the anterior
margin of scutel and post-scutel, and two fascia; on the meta-
thorax, orange yellow. Margin of the wing scales, knees, tibiae,
and tarsi, ferruginous ; the latter rather obscure above. Wings
smoky, rather blackish on the costal margin, with violet reflec-
tions ; 2d cubital cell broad at its hinder margin, narrow at its
radial side. (Abdomen ?).

Hab. Guiana, Surinam. (Hamburg museum.)

By the form of its clypeus and its silky-pubescence this species
fits in this Division, but the inneuratiou of the wing assimilates
it more to Division a.

28. E. Olmeciis n. ep. — Niger, punctulatus ; clypeo npice bispiuoso;
thorace superue couvexo, uietathorace angustiore iu clunis 2 per sulcum
profuudun diviso ; petiolo elongato-piriforiiii, apice truncato, inargiuato ;
anteimis subtus pedibusque partim, obscure-ferrugiiieis ; capitis raacu-
lis, pronotl limbo postico et utriiique antico, abdominis segmentorum
niargine subtus obscure-ferrugineis vel flavest-entibus ; post-scutelli
liuea, uaargineque segmentorum 1', 2', flavis ; alis costa nigra, f*
Total length, 14 mm. ; wing, 10 mm.

9. Antcnnoe slender. Clypeus bidentate at tip; the labrum
large, truncate ; ocelli di?!poscd in an arcuate line. Thorax
quadrate anteriorly, short, convex, delicately punctate and velu-
tinous ; behind the angles of the prothorax an obsolete depression.
Metathorax compressed, augulated ; parted by a deep groove ;

vv

86

IIYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

its lateral ridgos sharp, rctiolc as iu Ilurbide, elongatc-pyriform,
truncate, convex, not pailed by a channel ; the hind margin
bordered, the border preceded by a transverse channel. The
rest of the abdomen depressed.

Black, with a fulvous or purple-silky reflection. The extremity
of the labrum, the lateral borders uf clypeus, a spot between the
anteuniB, a dot in the eraargination of the eyes, the antennas
beneath, the end of mandibles, and a lino behind the top of the
eyes, tawny. The hinder margin of prothorax, an interrupted lino
on the anterior margin, or only on its angles, a line over the
middle coxa), tawny ; wing scale brown or ferruginous; two dots
on the anterior angles of scutcl, a line on the post-scutel, and the
margin of segment 1st, 2d, yellow; the lamellar margin of 2d
segment and of those following, brownish. Beneath, the margin
of the segments fulvous. Feet ferruginous and blackish. AVings
hyaline, smoky, with iridescent reflection ; the anterior margin
blackish.

Var. The spots on the head and hinder margin of prothorax,
yellow; two yellow dots on the clypeus; scape of antennai almost
wholly ferruginous.

liexs. a. dijT — Tliis species is quite intermediate between the
Divisions Pachumcncs, Al/ilia, and Omicron ; or between J^.
Santa-Anna, Iturbide, and calUmorphus. The clypeus is biden-
tate and the abdomen elongate depressed as in the Pachymenea ;
but the thorax is not de|>re,ssed, but on the contrary convex, not
polished as in E. Santa- Anna, but ueiisely puncUircd, and the
petiole not so widened, not cam))iinu!iite hut (jra<hialh/ widened.

It differs from E. Ilurbide by its depressed, not globular or siib-
compressed 2d abdominal segment; its flattened dypons with
spiniforra (no- lamellar) teeth ; its compressed triangular meta-
thorax ; its petiole without impressed point at tip, but with a
transverse submarginal channel. From E. calUmorphus and the
other species of Division Omicron by its largo size; its more
depressed and elongate aI)(lonien ; its compressed, prominent
metathorax parted by a deep groove, and by its general resem-
blance to Division Alpha.

Hab. ^Mexico. The Oriental Cordillera. I caught 3 9 in the
neighborhood of Cordova.

39. E. infernalis n. sp. — Gracilis, nigerrufo-ornatns ; clypeo biden-
tato ; thorace dense foramiuato-puuotato ; abdomiue polito, segmeutis

EUMENES.

87

1,0 20 flavo-limbatis ; 20 superim gibbo crasse cribrato-punctato in-
Btructo. y.

Total length, 12 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

9. Form almost like that of E. callimorphus. Head 'lotted
with punctures. Ocelli in a slii?htly arcuate line. Ciyj " >juite
flat, pyriform, notched and teru'.inated by tvvo sharp lamellate
teeth. Thorax very convex, especially behind ; the wings inserted
behind the middle ; all the surface densely cril)rose with pit-liko '
punctures, more strong than those of the head ; these punctures
become more strong upon the scutellum and very dense on tho
mctathorax. Abdomen smooth, shining, without punctures.
Petiole quite long and slender; almost fdiform in its first moiety,
then swelled pyriform, truncate, convex, shining; the posterior
border preceded by a transverse groove. The 2d segment Ijcfore
tho middle of its dorsal face sti'ongly elevated in form of a boss,
slightly compressed and cribroso with punctures ; a sort of shin-
ing canal passes around behind this gibbosiiy. The other seg-
ments shining, black. Mandibles and antennjE ferruginous ; those
last, obscure above, with the scape a little yellowish before. The
two lateral borders of the clypeus as far as the end of the teeth
yellow, as well as a little spot on the front and the posterior
border of the prothorax. Wing scales reddish or brown. Seg-
ments of the abdomen all ornamented with a yellow border.
Petiole offering on its middle two little yellow or reddish marks;
its posterior border yellow or reddish, at least in the middle ; its
lower side more or less reddish. Legs reddish ; coxie black ;
femora brown ; the two anterior spotted with yellow toward the
end. Wings slightly washed with brown-ferruginous, having
brown nervures. '

Var. a. Tho thorax more or less varied with ferruginous.

b. Posterior border of prothorax, ferruginous ; the borders of
segments 3-5, ferruginous or brown.

c. The anterior border of prothorax, a spot under tho wing,
two spots or a band on the scutellum, two spots on the mcta-
thorax, ferruginous or yellowish ; legs brownish or ferruginous
in part.

Bess. a. diff. — This species has the thorax a little more
lengthened anteriorly, and the head and thorax much more
strongly punctured than tho E. callimorphus. It is very distinct

88

IIYMENOPTERA OF AI.aERICA.

[part I.

in the strongly cribroso boss of the second abdominal segment.
It differs from E. mexicarus in its much larger size, in its loss
strongly cribrose, less globular nietathorax. In fact, the form,
swelled and cribrose above, of the 2d abdominal segment, distin-
guishes the E. inf emails from all others of the Division Omicron.
This character is a transition to the Division Alpha, which con-
stitutes an exception in the Division Omicron.

Bab. Brazil. Para. (Coll. Spinola.) Guiana. (Mus. of
Hamburg.)

Division BETA.

Mandibles rather hooked at end, or truncate. Head in form
of a transverse oval, not rounded-triangular ; the eyes very large
in their inferior part. Thorax not, larger than the pear of the
abdomen, globular or cubio. Petiole elongate, fdiform, cylindrical,
only very little dilated at the end in a funnel shape,' its posterior
border marked with an impressed point. The 2d segment not
depressed, not compressed.

These insects slightly resemble in form the Pareumenes ; but
they are niucL more slender. The thorax has quite another
shape, not being widened and depressed, but cubic, more as in
Division Omicron, although smaller. The abdomen also is not
depressed, but the petiole quite recalls the form it has in Pareu-
me..es, although much more slender.

The mandibles are rather hooked, strongly dentate as in
Pachymenes, but by exception short and blunt (?) more as in
Zethns.

This Division is intermediate between the Pareumenes and the
Eumenes of Division Omicron.

a. Mandibles short, pointed in the males, blunt, rounded at tip, with separated
small teeth in the females.

30« £• Nortoniai^lIS a. sp. — Niger, dense crassiascnle punctatus ;
oculis infere valde inHatis ; maudibulis brevibus, 9 apice rotundatis;
clypeo pentagonali, bidentuio; carina frontali nulla; petiolo elongato,
filiformi, apice tenniter, cylindrico-infundibuliformi, puiicto apicali
impresso; abdomino dense pnnctato ; punuto frontali, uiarginibus pro-

• Not campannlate, more pear-shaped as in Division Alpha or Omicron,
but filiform, widened at end somewhat lilce a clarionet. Seen from above,
the sides of the petiole are not aroaate-convex but rather arouate-ooncave.

EUMENES.

89

D'/.I et post-scutelli, rufla ; pedibus et ant* nuis partim ferrugineis ;
abdoniinid seg&ieutorum 1', 2' uuirgiiiu llavo; alia fuiuodid.

9 . Total length, 11 nun. ; wimr, 8 mm.
%. Total length, lU mm. ; wing, 7. !J mm.

Very similar to E. mexicanus in its appearance, but a very
different t3'pe. Head transverse-oval : eyes very much inllated.

Head more strongly punctured over the antennie ; no frontal
vertical carina, but the space between the antenna) flat. Thorax
small, more densely and coarsely shagreened ; roughish ; the
metathorax as coarsely shagreened as the mesothorax. Post-
scutel with a little arcuate crest on its anterior margin.

Petiole elongate, as long as head and thorax, arcuate, more
filiform and cylindrical ; not at all canipanulale or pear-shaped,
but only a little funnel-shaped in the last third' (the lateral
margins forming not a somewhat convex line but a somewhat
concave one). Its extremity not rimmed nor canaliculate
transversely, but Im ing a marginal impression above only, which
forces backward the middle of the border. The 2d segment not
depressed nor compressed. Petiole and second segment densely
and rather coarsely punctured ; the following polished.

Black, grayish-silky ; antennaB beneath, margin of the tegulaj,
and feet partly, dull-ferruginous ; a spot in the sinus of the eyes,
a frontal spot, both margins of prr'horax, a little line under the
wing, post-tegulffi, two spots on scutel and post-scutel, dull ferru-
ginous ; the margin of segments 1st, 2d of the abdomen, yellow.
Petiole beneath and above in the middle, brown-ferruginous. The
lamellar margin of the second segment, piceous; the margin of
the following, testaceous or yellowish. Feet ferruginous, brown
against the base. Wings subhyaline or smoky; nerves brown.

9. Clypeus black, rather pentagonal, not elongate, delicately
punctured ; its inferior border arcuate, scarcely bidentate ; the
teeth small, not distant, or formed by two little parallel marginal
carinre ; its superior margins brownish. Mandibles short, rather
dilated at the extremity, rounded (or the outer margin arcuate,
the iiiner one obliquely truncate), with small teeth. When rest-
ing, they retract themselves behind the border of the clypeus,
crossing their teeth one into the other.

% . Clypeus black, argenteous, with a rufous or yellow line on

> Somewhat like a straight trampet or a clarionet.

90

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

each side; ..^ok of tho antt'iiiiu} forru'jiiious. Maiuliblus short,
but triangular, acute, with four Mttle teeth.

lioiH. a. di(f. — This in.sect, although having quice the general
appearance of an Eumenca, f j)proaclies Uitica-liut: in the f vi\ of
its mandibles, short and widened towards the tip in the female.
But it is very easy to confound it with E mexicanun and calli-
murpha. It differs by its rather convex clypeus, not so bWlentate,
by the absence of frontal carina, by its head transverse-oval, not
oval-triangular, because of the great enlargement of the under
part of the eyes, which is widiT transversely than longitudinally,
and by its siiagreencd abdomen. The exceptional forni of the
mandibles, truncate and rounded at the end, with the external
side very arcuate, as also the particular form of petiole, will dis-
tinguish this species from all its neighbors.

This is quite an exceptional type, remarkaljlo by the unequal
form of mandibles in both sexes.

Hah. Mexico. The Oriental Cordillera. Cordova. 2 9,1^.

h. Mandthhs more elongate, not truncate, rather hooked at tip, with strong
teeth on the interior margin.

31* £• Cressonianiis n. ?p. — Kiger, ciiieroo-hirtu£i,vaIde punctatng;
clypei margiiiibuH lateral ibiis, puiicto fioutali et orbitaium simis, niar-
giiiibus pronoti, lineaque prae tegulis, post-scntello, margineque petioli
et 2' segmenti, flavis ; petiolo medio flavesceiite, puncto apicali iinpresso,
Laud iu luargiiiem producto ; segnientis 20-50 fusco-niargiiiati.s. J .

Total lengtb, 11 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

9 . Quite the same form as in Nortonianus, but the mandibles
elongate, not truncate, arcuate at tip ; the internal border armed
with four strong lobular teeth ; the clyj)eus emarginate in a
little arc of a circle. The thorax not so rugose; not roughly
shagrecncd, but more polished and cribrosc with coarse punctures;
the metathorax not so coarsely punctured ; the post-scutel with-
out any crest. The extremity of the petiole a little margined;
its impressed point not intrenching upon the margin. The second
segment a little depressed, a little more strongly and less densely
punctured.

Black, with the same ornaments as in Norhnmnus, but of yel-
low color ; the antennoe beneath and tip of mandibles ferruginous.
Feet ferruginous, blackish at base ; the tibiae yellow outside.
Wings smoky. The scutel not spotted.

EUMKNE8.

91

^('.s.s. a. diff. — Differs from Mexkanris and all the species uf
Division Omicron by tlie form of its petiole.
Hub. Mexico ; the Orieiitul part. Cordova.

3S> E> simulans n. sp.— Niger, sulfureo inltipictua, histrionlcus ;
thoiace crasse (jrihiato-ijunctato, mesoiioto fasciid 2 flav's; alxloiuine
puiictato, petiolo lint-ari, apice teiuiiter infuiidibuliforml ; secundo seg-
luento fauiis 2 traiisversis llavis. 9 ■

9 . Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 9 mm.

9. Head transverse-elliptic, very punctate. Mandibles elon-
gate, rather hoolicd at the tip, and armed with tliree strong
lateral teeth. Clyoeus polygonal, a little longer than broad, a
little eniarginate and bidentate at tip. Eyes very large inferiorly,
their sinus deep, rather triangular. Thora.x small, globular,
metathorax quite rounded. Petiole moderately long; its second
part funnel-shaped, with an impressed point at end. The petiole
and 2d segment of abdomen punctate ; this is neither depressed
nor compressed.

Black, with yellow hair. The head beneath, clypcus, mandi-
bles, the orbits all round, their sinus, a transverse line on the
vertex, sulphur-yellow. Antenna) orange-ferruginous, oliscure
above ; the scape yellow. Thorax beneath and on the flanks,
both margins of prothornx, two lines on mesothora::, tegula;,
scutel partly, i)ost-scutel, and metathorax more or less, yellow;
this with a sort of black T. The middle of the petiole, posterior
margin, and sides, yellow; 2d segment with two yellow fascia;
the first placed on the middle of the segment, the second being
subniarginal ; both fused together on the sides ; the other seg-
ments with sinuous yellow margins ; anus and abdomen beneath
quite yellow; the lamellar margin of 2d segment, brown. Feet
yellow ; the femora brown above. Wings hyaline, washed with
amber, a little gray at the extremity.

Vai\ The black and yellow colors are more or less extended.
Pleura; and metathorax only maculate with yellow.

Bess. a. diff. — A quite distinct species. By its forms only it
resembles E. Nortonianus and Cressonianus. The petiole is a
little more widened behind, and the body much more coarsely
punctured. It might be compared with E. Smithii, americanns^
etc., which have also two fascia3 on the 2d segment, but the petiole
in these is pyriform and the second segment compressed, etc.

02

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[I'AIIT I.

Hab. Mexico. OrioiituI Cordillera. Moyonpani.

Tliis is a sort of mimic nijccies. It bears the coloration niid
rather the form of soint! Polijhia, f. i., 1'. Jusciuta Lep. AVe
know a Cerceris of the same country' whieii show.s the same
peculiarity. PJiitomologists ought to study whether these insects
of mimic resemblance do not have 8omc relationship in their
habits.

Division ALPHA (Eumcnes proprie dicti).
(Sachs. Vespides, I, 28; III, 128, 137.)

Mandibles long, dentate, Clypcus pyriform, notched or trun-
cated at the extremity. Antennro generally inserted above the
middle of the head. Ocelli arranged in a broad triangle. Thorax
generally longer than wide ; squarely truncated before, but with-
out salient angles ; nietathorax convex, but not prolonged, rounded
and having two distinct convexities separated Ijy a cliannel.
Petiole of the lengtli of the thorax, linear at its base ; about the
middle rather suddenly swelled into the form of a cliil) or of a
ti'uncate pear, or canipanulate; feebly bidentate (or bituberculatc)
in the middle, generally bordered by a salient cordon; the swell-
ing generally parted by a groove, and liaving an impressed point
before the margin. Pyriform part of the abdomen globular or
compressed, or at least not much depressed. Antennte of the
males terminated by a hook.

The body of these insects is in general densely punctured and
covered with thick sub-woolly hair, and the clypcus of the males
is usually yellow, clothed with a silvery pile, while among the
females it is only marked with yellow. But these characters suffer
certain exceptions among the American species.

As it was said, there is no regular limit between this group and
the Division Omicron, but if we compare the extreme forms of
both, as for instance E. globicoUis or aviculus with E. globulosus,
there will be an easy distinction of both types, which exists no
longer if we compare all the species. In general terms we can
say that here the thorax is often more lengthened ; the mctathorax
more parted; the petiole more camj)anulale ; the extremity of this

' Cerceris simulans Sadss. Reise d. Oesterr. Fregatte Novara, Hytnenopt.,
p. 81, No. l,fig. 53. In this, even the forms of Cerceris are so modified aa
to approximate to those of Pulijbia, the abdomen becoming elon(;ate-peti-
olate.

EUMENE8.

93

is sometimes not margined, Hometimos iiinrginetl hy a little
cordon ; tliis is not preceded by u regulur cluinnel us in Division
Oinicron, but ratlier by tbive iniprcHsions, which makes tlie salient
margin appear somewhat bidentato before; the impression of the
middle is always the most distinct.

A. Large species, with black wings. ITie pear of the abdomen
rather depressed ; that is, not compressed.

a. Body svwoth, shining, not punctured. (Thnrax elongate, prliole stromjltj
campaiiular ; its sivelled part convex, not parted by a i/ruuie, its martjin
preceded by a channel as in Division Omicron.

33* E. Azteciis Saups. — Validua, ater, nitldua, baud pnnctatus; pro-
uoti margiue postico luudio, poat-scutello, pntioli inargiiie, et abd. aecundl
seguenti liiubi fascia iiiterrnpta, pallidu ocbraceia ; autuunis et tarsia
auticis subtus ferruginuia ; alia nigro-cooruleia. 9 •

Total lengtb, 22 mm. ; wing, 17 mm.
Eumenes Aztecus Sadss. Revue et Mag. de Zool., IX, 1857, 272.

9. Large, black, smooth, and polished, without punctures: the
body throughout smooth, shining, and satin-like, nearly glabrous,
with neither punctures nor distinct stria?, even on the nietathorax
or the petiole. Clypeus bidentate at the extremity, smooth and
polished like the remainder of the body. Its emargination angu-
lar. Thorax long; disk of mesothorax lengthened. Pyriibrm
part of petiole wide, strongly campanulate; little swelled, convex
above ; its posterior border formed by a salient cordon preceded
by a channel. Second abdominal segment depressed ; but the
end of the abdomen a little compressed (without this last cha-
racter this insect would have the appearance of a Pachymenes).

Antenna) long and slender, black, ferruginous beneath. Feet
black ; tibiae and anterior tarsi with golden hairs, appearing yel-
low. A little arcuate line in the middle of the posterior border
of the prothorax, two dots on the scutellura, post-scutel, and a
narrow edging on the margin of petiole, pale tawny ; second seg-
ment generally marked with a pale-tawny submarginal border,
narrow and widely interrupted in the middle. Wings black, varied
with very deep-violet reflections.

Var. Only the post-scutel and the petiole marked with pale
tawny.

94

IIYMEN(»PTERA OP AMERICA.

[rART I.

linnH. a. <li(f. — Tills liiuidsoiuc Hppcit's Im.s no Himilarity to any
but llif A'. jlaci<:o/')ut<, and to (lie I'J. WiKjni'.riantt, IVoiii wliich it
is t'usily (listiuguisliiid by its uotclicd clypeuti uud its body with-
out Nt'ulpturu.

Hub. The gulf side of Mexico. Tumpico.

Ohtfi'rvation. — One cun discover with a strong magnifier, a fine
sculpture on the thorax and elsewhere; the scutellum in particu-
lar is very iinely jyunctured, but we only speak here of characters
easy to discover and relative to those of other species.

h. Body punctiirrd. Petiole eloni/nte; its dUatntion Jlaltenfd-tlonijati', parted
by a ijroore, not .sensibly miirtjined. (PaHsnge to tlio Division Zeta.)

34* £• llavlcorills Sadsh. — Validus, carbonariuH, E, Wagneriano
siuiillinius, at clypeo tiiiiiuato, liaud l)icarinat(); anteniiis, clypeo,
orbttiH, macula frontal! inandiljiilisque apice, aurantiia; anttiiiiiii) %
aplce haud unciuatin, sulco ininuto Hiil)tnH uotatia. Long. 25 mm.

£. jhricornia Sauss. Et. Vespid., Ill, 141, 27; pi. vii, fig. 4, % (Syn,
tixol.).

Hab. Venezuela. (Museum auctoris.)

35> E. Wagnerianus n. sp.— Niger, sericeus; tliornoe dense pnnc-
tato, petiolo deprea^o, sulco partito; clypeo 9 valde bicariuato, apice
subexciso; alls nigro-violuceiij.

Total length, 23-24 mm. ; wing, 21 mm.

9. Large, black, shining; head and thorax finely punctured.
The whole body clothed with a line grayish pile. Clypeus rather
rugose, punctured and striate, lengthened and widely truncate at
its inferior border and slightly notched, its angles rounded,
receiving two strong parallel distant carina; which ».i*oss the
clypeus for about two-thirds of its length. Prothorax slightly
retracted, rimmed ; its angles a little salient. Abdomen de-
pressed, smooth, and silky, with silvery reflections; enlargement
of petiole flattened, wide, and lengthened, divided by an impressed
line. The whole body of a deep black. Wings of a deep brown,
with violet reflections.

Hess. a. diff. — This species very much resembles —
1st. The E. aztecus, from which it is distinguished by its dis-
tinctly punctured thorax, by its much longer clypeus, rugose,
more flattened, not bidentate ; by the enlargement of the petiole,

EUMENE8.

95

more loiigtliciuMl, not bossed uiid divided by a strong groove; by
itri iinguliiti! protliorax, etc.

2(1. The E. Jlavkornis, of wliieli it lius the form und the punc-
tuution.

.'Jd. The E. itigcr IJrulle, frotn wliich it differs by its cniiirginute
flypeus, in thi; 9; by tlio uioro lengthened, less diluted enlurgo-
nient of the petiole, etc.

JJah. The Isthmus of Panama. (My collection.) This bciiu-
tifnl insect vvu.s sent ine by the celebrated traveller, Maurice
Wagner, of Municii.

The flattened and suleated petiole of the E. Wayney'ianus and
Jlavicornis forms an exception to the species of the Division
Alpha, and approxinmtes it somewhat to the Division Zela,
although the petiole is too wide to uliow it tu be classed with that
Division.

B. Smaller speciest, with the abdomen more f/lobiilar or com-
pressed. The. border of the petiole a little murrjined; the
margin preceded by an impression, (llegulur typo of
Division Alpha.)

a. Wings smoky, with violet iridescence.
36. E. Ghilianii Spin.

Eumenes Gfiiliiinii Spknola Hymen., rec, par Ghiliani, No. 61 (M(Sm.
Acad, de Turin, 184G).— Sauss. Vespides, III, 140, 26.

Hab. Brazil. Para. (Mus. Spinoloe, Taurinense.)

ST. E. fraternilS Sat. — Niger, dense punctatus, cinereo-hirtus;
abdoinine nitido; lineola verticali inter antennas, clypeo suinmo, pro-
noti margine, post-scutello, metanoti sumnii maculis 2, abdoininigque
segmentonim 1, 2 vel 1-3, margine, secnndo maculis 2 later.. Mbus, sul-
fureis; % clypeo toto luteo; segmentis abdominalibus 1-4 flavo-lim-
batis ; metanoto impunctato.

9 • Total length, 17 mm. ; wing, 12 mm.
% . Total length, 13 mm. ; wing, 9 mm.

Eumenex fraterna Say, Long's Sec. Exped., II, 344 (Append., 77), 1, %
(1825).— Say's Entomol. (Le Conte), I, 232, 2.— Sauss. Vespides,
I, 40, 17, 9 S •

E.fervens Sauss. Vespides, I, 40, U, 9 % (18.')2).

E, macrops Sauss. ibid. I, 41, 18, % (var. ? 1852).

E. minuta Sauss. ibid. I, 39, 14, ^ (Syn. exclus.).

1)6

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

•/

A^/' y

9. Clypcus convex, punctured, the tip flattened, notched, and
bidentate; the teeth lauiellar. Head short, nut dilated behind the
eyes, cribrose with punctures, as also the thorax, which is large,
short, globular ; the nietathorax convex and more densely punc-
tured ; the scutels convex, much inclined, continuing the convex
surface of the nietathorax. Petiole at first linear, then pyriforni,
lengthened, and truncate, covered with punctures, insensibly bi-
dentate in the middle and bordered posteriorly by a hardly salient
cordon, before which are three depressions, of which the middle
one often forms a largo hollow. Second segment compressed, flat
beneath, very convex above, covered with punctures, but yet
smooth and shining; toward the middle of the posterior border
of the second segment they are so gathered together as to form
a depression (which, however, is often wanting) ; its posterior
border with double leaves ; the upper leaf thick, a little sinuous,
slightly concave in the middle; the second border not being bent
upward. All the body covered with a short, gray pile, not cha-
toyant.

Insect of a shining black; two oblique spots at the summit of
the clypeus, the carina between the antennae and two dots behind
the eyes, border of the prothorax, post-scutcl, often a spot under
the wing, often two spots at the summit of the metathorax and at
times two dots on the middle of the same, two variable dots on the
sides of the second segment and along the margin of the same a
scalloped border, sulphur yellow ; legs black, tibiae varied with
yellow ; wings brownish with violet reflections. Wing scales black,
bordered with brown or spots of yellow or red. 1 clypeus biden-
tate, entirely yellow or with a black dot, covered with a silvery
pile ; scape of the antenna; marked with a yellow line and the
hook of the same ferruginous.

Var. 9 %, . The second abdominal segment more or less com-
pressed, the third and fourth segments often wholly or in part
bordered with yellow. Wing scales shining, often black, or
marked with a yellow dot. A yellow dot under the wing. The
yellow dot behind the eye often wanting.

This is a very distinct species from its large size, its strong
puncturing in the form of pin holes, from its slender form and
its violet wings; from its shining black color, generally but I'ttle
changed by the very short hair of the insect.

y

Q^'

ix^i

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yy.

4*

♦-'/'' J x^

J'

EUMKNES.

97

I poss(>ss pome pprrimons, cspocially nialos, wliicli, without
exactly resembling the others, do not yvX seem sufficiently ilillerent
to constitute another species : —

1st. Petiole shorter and wider, with a longitudinal indistinct
groove ; second segment short, and all the segments bordered
with whitish; wing scales ferruginous; the thorax quite villoso.
Size smaller. (Iowa.)

2d. Wing scales black or marked with a yellow dot; wing
entirely bluish, as if steeped in pale ink, with some violent
reflections, without any reddish or brownish tint; seen by their
transparence, they have this same gray-violet color, while in the
type they ni>pear brown. Hooks of the antennas l;'fickish; the
second segment seen in profile less dilated above, smoother, and
less punctured. Size smaller. (New York.)

Huh. The eastern part of the United States. Very common.

This insect extends from New Orleans to Canada. 1 have
more than forty specimens, which I have collected in Lonj.siaMa,
in Soutli Carolina, in New York, or wliich have lieen .«ent nio
from Tennessee, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania (llaldenmn), Illinois
(B. F. Walsh), Connecticut (E. Norton).

The species is very distinct in its appearance. Though pre-
senting a great similarity in form and coloration to the small
European Eumenes (E. coarctalus), it can easily be distinguished
from it by the much greater size, by the black, shining, not
pilose body, on which the markings are little extended, and tlio
color itt raw-yellow or vhitish; by its black scutellum, with the
post-scutel always yel.jw and often presenting two dots at the
summit of the metathorax; by its smoky or violet wings; finally
by its ))ody, strongly cribrose, even on the abdomen.

These characters, as well as the but little variable markings
of this insect, form a peculiar appearance which enables one to
recognize it at first sight. It is a species really special to
America, and which cannot well be taken for a variety of E.
coardatuH Lin. Although the males, of which the size is often
less and among which the characters of the species are generally
less well developed, resemble closely those of the E. coarctulus,
one can, nevertheless, distinguish them by these characters and
the much stronger punctures of the abdomen.

This Eumenes has habits analogous to those of the Eumenes
It constructs with argillaceous earth a nest which
I

Europe.

98

IIYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

rosumblcs a sphere terminated by a little bell-mouthed neck,
which it obliterates after filling. One often finds these nests in
the ooniitry, joined to the upper surface of leaves, or stuck to
little branches, or fastened against a wall. The insect places its
eggs in it with a provision of caterpillars which can serve for the
nourishment of the young larva;. According to Say (Long's
Sec. Exp., II, .'}4G), it chooses the larva; of nocturnal lepidoptera,
but the Eumenes are not particular in their choice. Harris also
saw the same species collect larva; (canker worms). ^ The larva
occupies about a month in its development, and the perfect insect
makes its exit by piercing the walls of the cradle which is then
no more to it" than a prison.

6. Wiiif/s transparent or yellowish. {Bnilij generally clothed with short iroolly

pile.)

* Second abdominal segment tcitkout lateral yellow spots.

38. E. ferrugilieus Cre.«s. — %. Pallide forru{;;iH-us; orbitis, clypeo,
margiue antico prouoti, maculis 2 uiesoiioti, (;ai,ollo, post-scutello,
macula subalaii, maculirt 2 metaiioti, pedibus partim, abdominis seg-
mentorum 1,2 margine apicali, obscure flaveseentibns ; antennis mediis
iiigresieiitibus ; alis pallide liyalino-flavidis ; clypeo bideutato, ^ <^^'
geiiteo. Long. 4^ lin.

K. ferriKjinea Ckess. Proc. Eut. Soc, Phila., 18G5, 158. 9 •
Hub. Cuba.

39. E. Iturbide Sacs?. — Eum. pomtformis statura, niger, dense pnnc-
tatus, fulvo-birsutus; secuudo abd. segmento supra maxime gibboso,
margine oaualicuhito ; pronoto lato, subdepresso ; anteunis omnino
nigris ; clypeo bidentato, % 9 '"g''0> cum macula in summo flava;
nuu'ula iVontali, pronoti et abd. segnientorum margine, po'^ts'utello et
macula subalari, sulfureis; tfgulis, tibiis et tarsis, ferui;;''! -is ; alis
sulibyalinis.

Eumenes Iturbide Sacss. Revue et Mag. de Zool., IX, 1857, 271.
Total length, 13 mm. ; wing, 9i mm.

9 . Clypeus deeply notched, very convex on its upper part; the
teeth of the enmrginotion long and triangular, slender and lamel-

' I have seen one of this species with the green larva of a Diurnal lepi-
dopler. Mr. Walsh writes that he has found i|^ nests stored with green
larv». £. N.

EUMENE8.

99

iate. Thorax wklo, a little doprosscd, that is, less high than wide ;
cribrose with thick punctures. Petiole pyriform, a little less
strongly punctured than the thorax, bordered by a salient rim
before which is a hollow space. Second segment covered with
quite fine and dense punctures; flattened beneath, very convex,
and much dilated above, into a prominent boss of an almost
tubercular form ; behind this boss is a species of transverse
channel which forms a submarginal depression ; finally the border
is sensibly turned up in the middle.

Insect black, very pilose, bristling with tawny or fulvous Lair,
which is short and chatoyant on the abdomen. Antennai entirely
black; a spot on the middle of the summit of clypeus, a point
on the face and two behind the eyes, one under the wings, post-
scutel and border of all the segments, yellow ; the border of the
last a little scalloped. The prothorax is also ornamented with a
narrow margin, twice interrupted or with three transverse spots,
yellow. Wing scales red. Legs black, tibia} and tarsi ferrugi-
nous. Wings transparent, sullied with brownish-ferruginous, or
yellow often passing into ferruginous. The spots of the head
and of the thorax are often wanting wholly or in part; the middle
only of the prothorax bordered with yellow.

%. Hook of the antennae ferruginous. The remainder exactly
as with the female, but the clypeus covered with a silvery pile
among fresh specimens and marked at the summit with a large
yellow spot.

Bess. a. diff. — This species is very well characterized by the
singular deformity of the second abdominal segment, which has
no yellow lateral spots; by its red wing scales and by its very
velvety appearance (even the scape of the antennae is quite brist-
ling with hair in fresh specimens), by its black clypeus, spotted
with yellow^ in both sexes, which is different in most other species
(among which the clypeus of the male only is yellow). Compare
E. olmecus.

Hab. The temperate regions of INtexico. I have taken it in
the Michoacau and in the deep baranca of Meztitlan. One
specimen, 9, having the clypeus entirely black, was taken in
Mechoacan, near Tuxpan. (Temperate region.)

Observation. — One peculiarity is worthy of remark in this
species, that, contrary to the habitual rule, the male is stouter
than the female.

100

UYMENOl'TEUA OF AMEUICA.

[part I,

40* E* consolll'inus S ess. — Niger, fulvo hirsutns^Tnlde punntatus;
thorace depresso ; abd. 2c seguieuto supra couipresso et inflate, niargino
medio trausversim inipreseo; tegulis, tibiis et tarsis rufis ; pronoti fas-
ciola et punctis 2 humeralibus, post-scutello et abd. seginentoram mar-
gine sulfureis.

% . Clypeo bidentato, in summo flavo-maculato.

E. consobrianm Sauss. Et. Vesp., Ill, 140, 25.' % .
Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 9 mm.

% . Clypeus punctured, vclutinous, lengthened, triangular, sepa-
rated by a triangular incision. Thorax a little depressed, more
wide than high, but short, almost square, distinctly punctured
throughout, the metathorax very densely so. Petiole punctured,
pear-shaped, lengthened, and truncate, not campanulate, offering
at the extremity, before the border, a sunken place ; 2d segment
flattened beneath, but compressed above, forming a salient boss,
and pi'esenting in the middle before its border a transverse
depression, so that the border is a little elevated in the middle ;
this segment, above, very densely punctured, but less strongly
than the thorax. A testaceous lamina extendiug beyond the
border of all the segments.

Insect black, all the body clothed with a long yellow pile.
"Wing scales, hook of the antennae %, tibia?, and tarsi red; an
oval spot on the summit of clypeus %, a point on the front, two
little dots behind the summit of the eyes, two dots on the angles
of the prothorax, a jttle line in the middle of its posterior border,
post-scutel and a regular and narrow border on the segments 1-5
of the abdomen, sulphur-yellow. Tibiae often brownish at the
end. Wings subsmoky.

Hab. Brazil. (Collection of Sen. the Marquis Spinola, at
Turin.)

This species, which is of the smallest size, approaches very
much to the E. compressus Sauss.

41. E. ciruguyensis Sauss.

Eiimenes Uruguyensis Sauss. Vespides, III, 139, 24, pi. vii, fig. 6, 1854.

Hab. Uruguay. Monte-Yideo. (Typus in mus. Parisiensi.)

' L. 0. 3me ligne de la description, an lieu de : hase, lisez basse.
Ibid, time ligue de la description, au lieu de : bout, lisez haul.

EUMKNE8.

101

43* E* placidUS Smitic. — Niger, antennis,proiioto, nietanoto utriuque,
petiolo partiin pedibusque, rufis ; anteiini.s superne paitini iiigiis; pro-
noti maigine postico abdomiuisque segmentorutu 1', 2' limbo, 3'-5' faaciiv
Abbi'tiviata, Uavis. (A'. Uniguijensi aliiuis species.) Loiigit. 4^ lin.

Eutneues placidus Smitu Traus. £nt. Soc, Loudou, 3d series, I, p. 37,
(18(J2).

Hah. Panama.

** Seco7id aiUoiiiinal segment with a yellow spot on each aide (sometimes wanting

in vi'ritty).

43« U« globulOSUS Sauss. — Niger, dense punctatus, subferrugineo-
hirtus ; abdomiue nitido, fulvo-subsericeo ; petiolo breviore ; clypeo
sumtno, lineola inter antennas, punctilio pone ocnlos, pronoti margine,
macula subalari, scutelli maculis 2, post-scutcUo, niaculis 2 in summo
uietanoto, abd. segmentorum uiarginibus, secundique niaculis obliquis
2 lateralibus, flavis: tibiis et tarsis ferrugineis, seu Uavis; alls subhya-
liuis ; tegulis tlavis puucto rufo. 9 •

Eumenes globulosus Sadss. Vespides, III, 139, 23, 9 • (1854.)
Total length, 15 mm. ; wing, 10 mm.

9. This species differs from E. fralernns: By the olypcus
being less bidontate, muoli h;ss notched ; by its smaller size, and
a little shorter petiole; also in the part of the same enlarged and
so much divided by an obsolete channel ; by its Gner punctures,
especially on the abdomen; by its more ferruginous pile, which
is longer and gives the insect a sub-woolly appearance. Also by
a more complete marking; the clypeus often presenting two yel-
low spots, the wing scale bordered with yellow and having a red
dot in the middle ; and the abdomen shining upon the quite wide
borders of segments 2-5 ; that of the 2d being scalloped and its
lateral spots often lengthened ; finally by the transparent wings,
slightly washed with ferruginous along the side. It is fitting to
add that the yellow border of the prothorax, in place of being
enlarged at its two extremities as in the E. fratcrnus, is narrow
and is at times bi-interrupted.

Var. a. Clypeus black, or Avith two yellow marks at the sum-
mit; no subalary spot.

h. The yellow band of the post-.scutcl interrupted. Scutel
black.

c. Clypeus yellow, bordered with black below and marked with
a black trident.

d. Prothorax black, or only with a little yellow in the middle.

h'

102

nYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

PART I.

Var. (probable). Posterior margin of the prothorax also bor-
dered witli yellow ?

I liave never seen tbe males.

liess. a. diff. — This speeies recalls tbe European E. jwrnifor-
viis much more tlian the E.fraternus, by its smaller size, by the
body being a little velvety, and by its transparent wings, also by
its petiole being shorter and more enlarged than in the E. fru-
ternns, and at times also divided by a groove. One might ask
whether E. globulosus may not be a type derived from the
European E. jJomiformis, which may have transmigrated to
America.

It differs from the E. americanns by having different mark-
ings and by its black antenna? ; from E. Ilurbide by its abdomen,
which has not the rimmed border on the second segment, and by
its differently marked clypeus, for it has all the superior part,
especially laterally, marked with yellow, while in the E. Iturbide,
the yellow upper spot is in the middle, not marginal ; the clypeus
is also more shining, less strongly punctured, etc.

Ilab. The interior of the United States. Illinois, Wisconsin,
prairies (G %). Great Slave Lake (British America, $).

44. E. auropilosa Smith. — Niger, .inreo-pilosns ; thorace crasse
punctato ; tlypeo sulmiaigiiiato ; aiiteiiiiis suliln? ftrrugiiieis ; puncto
frontali et ocnlari, macula utrimjue et limbo postito pjouoti, macula
subalari, post-tegulis, linea scutelli et post-scutello maculisque 2 meta-
noti, flavis ; petioli margine et puncto utrliiqiie apieali, segiiienloiniii
reliquorum margine, fasoiaque laterali utrinque 2' segmenti cum margiua.
coujuueta, flavis ; pedibus rails basi nigris ; alls subbyaliuis. % —
Longit. 4 lin.

E. auropilosa Smith Cat. Brit. Mus. Vesp., 30, 71.

JJab. Brazil. (Villa Nova.)

*** Second nbdominal segment having on ench tide a yelloto fascia, or a eon.jtUti'.
transverse yellow band on its middle.

45. E. Culiensis Cress. — Fuscns,falTo, metauotocano, pilosns; clypco
emargiiiato ; corpore valde punctato ; orbitis, clypeo, macula frontali,
margine antico pronoti, maciila subalari, macnlis 2 mesonoti, tegulis
partim scutelli margine antico, post-scntello, metanoto partim, tibiis et
tarsis, abdominis petioli apice, fasciisqne 2 secnndi segment!, flavis;
anteunis ferrugineis, basi flavescentibus, apioe nigresceutibus ; alis
fusco-hyalinis, apioe foliginosis. J . — Loug. 7 lin.

E. Cubensis Ckessox, Proc. Ent. Soo. of PliiJa., IV, 18G5, 157.

Hab. Cuba. Seems to approach very near to E. Smithii.

ElMENES.

103

46. E> Ainoricaillls Sapss. — Niger, dcnso puiictntns, ^rrnpineo-
liiitus ; petiolo graoili ; aiiteiinis ferniginelH, apioe nigiis ; proiioto,
tegulis, scutelli inargiiie, mctiinoti et pntioli lateribus, ft'rrii:,'ineis ; post-
scutello, abdominis segiuentoruiu marginibns, seeuiiili fiisuia utiiuque
laterali et pedibu8, rullH vel aiiraiitiacis ; alls Hubferrugiiieis.
E, Americatius Sacsk. Vespides, I, 39, 13 (1852).

Total leugth, 13 luui. ; wing, 9 mm.

Form of E. fraternus, but smaller and a little more slender.
All the body feebly sliagreened or rather cribrosc ; the tiiorax
with confluent punctures ; not very rough. Clypcus bidentate,
yellow, covered with a silvery pile, in both sexes. Tiiorax short,
quadrate. Petiole lengthened, slender, gradually enlarging,
insensibly bidentate in the middle, eribrose with slightly separated
punctures, and bordered at its posterior extremity with a salient
cordon, parted by a middle groove. Second segment compressed,
flattened beneath, very convex above, densely punctured, and
carrying toward the middle of its posterior margin a transverse
depression.

Insect black, covered with an abundant ferruginous pile ; the
black passing much into ferruginous; mandibles ferruginous,
black at base ; a spot between the antenna), margin of the notch
of the eyes and a line behind them, }'ellow ; the prolhorax, wing
scale, sides of metathorax, and a spot under the wing, the post-
scutel, the anterior border of the scutellura and the sides of the
petiole ferruginous or rufou.s. The second segment ferruginous-
brown. The two borders of the prothorax and that of the
petiole, in general marked with a yellow edging; post-seutel, a
wide border on all the segments of the abdomen, and often two
spots on the petiole, orange ; the border of the second segment
very wide in the middle (not emarginate) being narrower at the
sides and often confounding itself with two yellow oblicpie spots
ox lines, which occupy the sides of the segment. The abdomen
ferruginous beneath ; legs ferruginous, with the til)ia! and the
tarsi yellow and the thighs above sometimes blackish. Antenme
ferruginous, black above on the six last articles. The scape
yellow beneath. Wings transparent, with ferruginous nervures,
at the end grayish.

? . Clypeus marked with an orange spot at base and in the
middle ; its teeth acute.

% . Clypeus narrower, sulphur-yellow ; hook of the antenna;
ferruginous.

104

IIYMENOI'TEIIA OF AMElllCA.

[I'AHT I.

Var. The whole insect covered with fulvous woolly pubes-
cence. Tiiorax and petiole rufous ; second ahd. segment fulvous
with a transverse black band produced to the base, separating
on each side a yellow nuicula. Wings obscure, with rufous costa.

Hess. a. iliff. — This species sometimes offers a reseniljlanee to
the E. globulusus Sauss., which also has the nuirkings yellow
rather than whitish ami which is covered with ferruginous hair;
but it differs essentially from it in its compressed abdomen, in its
petiole, narrow, elongate-pyriforra, not carapanulate in the middle ;
in its antennaj ferruginous at the base, etc. It is (piite approxi-
mate to E. Sniithii, but smaller; the petiole more slender; the
metathorax more triangular ; the punctuation of the body not so
strong.

Hnb. The hot regions of Mexico. I have taken it in the
valley of Mextitlau between Mexico and Tampico.

4^. E. Siuithii Sauss. — Ferrngineus, corpore crasse et densissime
piiiictato, etiam in abd. secUi.do-segineiito ; aiiteunis ferrugineis ;
vertice, meaoiioti disco et petioli basi, iiigiis; postscntello, proivoio et
abd. segment or uiu 1', 2', limbo Ufivis ; secuudo segmeuto I'usco, fascia
transversa riifa vel aurantiaca.

% . Clypeo argeuteo.

V(ir, Niger, rufo et flavo varius.

Eumenes Smithii Sauss. Vespides, I, 43, 21 ; pi. x, fig. 1 (1852).
Total length, 18 mm. ; wing, 11 mm.

9. Of moderate size. In size and in form, resembling E.
fratermts. Prothorax slightly retracted before; petiole a little
longer than in the species cited. Abdomen compressed. The
whole insect densely cribrose with strong punctures ; the second
segment of the abdomen a little less coarsely so, but yet strongly
cribrose. All the body clothed with a grayish pile. Clypeus
black, satin-like, notched. Head black; mandibles and antenna)
ferruginous ; these last obscure above ; margin of the eyes and
a spot on the front often ferruginous. Thorax red, with the
sutures black; the mesothorax at times l)lack with two red stripes
and something of black on the flanks and in the furrow of the
metathorax. Border of the prothorax, of the wing scale, and the
post-scutel often yellow; abdomen black, segments 1, 2 bordered
with a yellow cordon ; the second marked with a red transverse
band ; the other segments red, shaded with black at their base.

ELMENES.

105

Feet red or varied with yellow. Wings washed witli ferru^nuuus-
browii, with golden reflections; the radial eellulie a little bruwnirih.

% . Clypeus lengthened, bidentuto, red or yellow, with u silvery
pile ; fore part of scape of antennas yellow.

Var. The ground color is often red throughout, and the only
black is on the vertex, the disk of uiesothora.x in part, and the
base of petiole. The second segment then has an orange band
mingling on its margin with the red or the brown which borders
it. It is probable that the highly-colored specimens have the
Kcutcllum, the prothora.x, and wing scales yellow.

linsfi. a. diff. — This species is easily recognized by its colors,
especially by the transverse band of the second alxlominal seg-
ment and also by its strong puncturing. It has the abdomen
very densely punctured and this character would be sullicient to
show its diflerenee from E. fratermis, if its marl;ii:,us did not
already suffice to dir-tinguish it. It is also very s.iniiiir to E.
aniericanus. Compare this species.

Hah. The Southern United States. Florida. (I possess two
males.)

c. Siiecies of uncertain origin.

48. £. coinpressus Sauss.

Eumenes covipressa Sauss. Vespides, III, 142, 28 ; pi. viii, fig. 5, 5a (1854).

This species has the form of E. fraternua, but the petiole is
a little longer, and the 2d segment of the abdomen has no yellow
spots.

Its origin is not known. — America??. (Mus, of Paris.)
It would fit next to E. Iturhide, in the section B, a, the wings
being rather cloudy iridescent.

Division ZETA.
(SAnss. Vp.spides I, 07; III, 132, 146.)

Petiole very long, linear at its base, there depressed and
widened inform of a ribbon; generally divided upon its dorsal
face by a longitudinal groove. The remainder of the abdomen
pyriform, compressed at the end ; the second segment subpedi-
culate; its base in some degree a short continuation of the petiole.

In this group the mandibles are very long, having indistinct
teeth ; the head is flattened before ; the thorax has a velvety
surface. It is wide before and its anterior angles are very dis-
tinct. The abdomen is quite lengthened.

m

lOG

IIYMKNOI'TEllA OP A^IKUICA.

[part I.

This division is inoro (listiiu-t tliaii tlio prcccdiiiju', l)Ut, iievcr-
tlioloHs. it joins itsolf to Division Al])fia by (lie JJ. Waynerianus
and Jlavicornis.

49. K, abdoiuiliulis Duuuv. — Viilidun, jfrncilif*; coijioro velutino;
clyjiHO npiiH pariim oiiiiirgiiiiito, deutilius rotuiiiKitis; jmliolo (leplaniito,
aiilco partito; iilirf ferriigiiieirt ; aiiteiiui« ftiiruginoia, apice supra uigris.
(Coloium distiilmtio inaxime vnrint in hoc insecto, a corpore oninino
ferriigiueo, a<l nigio- et llavo-varifgatuni ; varintas lUaxiiiii) ablioireiis
vidotur esse thorace nigro, pmiioto ft scuitellis flavis. Sippiiis potiolua
uiger permauet, margine Havo, et abdomiiiu fuirugiuHO.) 9 % •
Total length, 21 umi. ; wing, 17 mm.

Sphex abthmlnalis Dkury, Illnst. of Ins. I, tab. 45. fig. 2 (1770).
Vi'sjxi alienualu Oliv. Encyc. Muth. VI, ti74 (171>1>.— Fabu. Eut. Syst.

II, 282.
Sfihcx extensa Christ, Hymen, ibid, XXXII, lig. 7.
PuUxtHH nIteuualHS Fadk. S. 1'. 271) (1804).
Eumiucs alithminulin Sai'ss. Vespides, I, 70, 58, et in La Sagra, Hist, de

Cuba In.s. 7t)8. — Cbk.sson, Hymen, of Cuba, Proc. Ent. Soo. Philad.

IV, 1805, 157.
Euvienes cnhma Sacss. Vespides, I, 70, 59 (1852), et in La Sagra, Hist, de

Cuba Ins. 768, pi. 19, fig. 1.
Enmcnes versicolor Sal'ss. ibid. I, 71, 00.
Eumenvs oniutns Sauss. Vespides, III, 147, Sfi, pi. viii, fig. 3 (1854), et

iu La Sagra Hist, de Cuba Ins. 708.
Eumeites picta Smith, Catal. Brit. Mus. Vespidto, 32, 79 (1857).

9%. Large. 31andibles forming a long beak by their union,
presenting two lines of punetures. Clypeus a little cniarginate
at its e.xtrcniity; the noteh placed between two rounded projec-
tions. Head and thorax punctured, velvety. The angles of pro-
thorax a little salient. Petiole arcuate, shining; of the length
of the thorax ; divided by a groove. The remainder of the
abdomen pyriforni, almost fusiform, subvelvety, or even silky.
The body clothed with a gray pile.

AntennfB ferruginous, with the extremity of the scape of %
ornamented with a yellow line. ]\landil)les ferruginous. Wings
transparent, of a yellow ferruginous along the side. Nothing is
more variable than the distribution of the colors on the remainder
of the body.

One can arrange the following principal varieties : —

a. Color in the main black ; a frontal spot, border of the orbits,
an interrupted transverse line before the ocelli and clypeus, yellow;
this last marked with a black spot at its summit. Prothorax, a

KUMKNES.

107

n\u\i ImIow tlio wing, sciitollmii, iiiul post-scutcl, oxtrniiity of
tlio petiole, u large sciilloju'il Itorder on tiie seooiul segiiieiil iiiid
the following segments, yellow. Legs yellow, with tl'e thighs
in jmrt black. (A', ornatun Suuss.)

Ifnh. Isle of St. Thotnns.

b. Two yellow sjioLs on nietathorax. The bonier of second
segment so wide thiU no black remains but n tricuspid l)asilar
spot, (Sometimes there are two yellow smooth sjiots on the
second segment. Two yellow spots appear on the disk of meso-
tliorax. The dypeus and legs are without black, but often
present some ferruginous ccjior. (//'. vci'nicolor.)

Hub. Jamaica. Venezuela.

V. The pyriform part of abdomen ferruginous, with its segments
more or less distinctly bordered with yellow. {E. (ibdoiniiiulin.)

Hah. Jamaica. Cuba,

There is often a yellow lino on the scnpc of the antennnp nnd
the yellow original markings reappear on the ferruginous color
of the thorax. {E. pivla.)

Hah. Saint Domingo.

d. Thorax almost entirely yellow, presenting only a black spot
on the extremity of the disk of the mesothorax, a band before the
sculellum, and an obliijue one on the flanks. Abdomen ferrugi-
nous; the petiole bhuk, bordered with yellow or orange, with the
base black and the Ijorder yellow. {E. culuna.)

Hah. Ilayti. Jamaica.

e. The whole insect ferruginous, a little varied with yellow on
the head and thorax, not oll'ering more of black than the thoracic
sutures, and a frontal and vertical line.

Nah. Cuba.

Its form also varies. Specimens which I have taken at St.
Thomas are stout; they have the petiole wide; those which I
have captured in Jamaica are slender and lithe ; their petiole
is renmrkably narrower.

In conclusion ; these variations are not only dependent upon
the localities, but probably, also, on the seasons and diverse for-
tuitous circumstances.

50. £. canaliciilatus Oltv.

Vesfia rtmiilicnUila Omv. Eiicyc. Meth. VI, 672 (1791).
Vexpn diadema Fabr. Kiit. S. Pnppl. 2()3 (1798); S. P. 285 (Eiimenes).
Eumi'iiis c(i)i(ihniliii<i Sauss. Vespid. I, G8, 50; pi. xi, llg. 5. — DeGeer
Mem. Ids. Ill, 579, Tab. 29, fig. 3.

108

IIYMKNUl'TEUA OF AMEllICA.

[I'AHT I.

Var. a. Wholly fcrnifriintiis, with tlic wiiifrs olisciirc.
h. Alxloiiu'ii l)lii(l<, with till.' I'lid H'rrugiiicii.s; itotiok- fernii^i-
nous, with u bliick iiuir^nii,
Hub. South Auierica.

Al. E. Orblffiiyl HAnns.

EniMinc.!, Orhiiiniji Saumh. Hludes sur la Fnm. Vespidea, I, C9, 57 (1852).

Hub. Iloliviu. I'robubly a vai'ioty of the prt'cediug.

as. E. ClialicodoniOD n. np.— Niger; capita et tliornce ferrugineiA,
fronto ot iiieHouoti) iiigiis; tuberculis '1 obsolutis tVnugiiieirt in fioiite;
ciypeo 'ato, finaigiiifito ; alxloniinH fere iinpnuctato ; petiolo medioori,
lipvi, vix Hu'.'^ato, apiuu puiioto impretiiio «t u>ar(jiut> Uavo; alis iufuy-
catia. 9 .

Total length, 15-20 mm. ; wing, 12-16 mm.

9. Head orbicular, longer than wide. C'lypeus large, widely
but not deeply eniarginato ut its inferior border and a little bieari-
uate ; the cariuie distant. Between the antenmc an elongate
tubercle i)arted by a Kulcosity, and over this, next to the top of
the eyes, two frontal rounded tubercles; vertex arcuate. Thorax
elongate, compressed, anteriorly niargine by a feeble crest.
Scutcl convex, parted by a groove ; ni M'a : parted by a

channel, nearly to the top. Head and thorax delicately punctate.
Disk of niesothorax with two or four sulcosities at base. Peticilo
moderate, polished, impunetate, as long as the thorax, a little
gibbous in the middle ; its sulcosity very obsolete ; the end
without elevated margin, but with an impressed point. The rest
of the abdomen elongate, pear-shaped, not compressed, nearly
impunetate, except along the edge of the margins; the second
edge obsoletely separated from the first.

Head ferruginous ; the forehead black, with its three tubercles
ferruginous; antennas ferruginous; the flagellum black above.
Thorax ferruginous, beneath and in the grooves of the sides,
black; disk cl' niesothorax black. Abdomen black; the petiole
margined with yellow. Feet ferruginous, varied with fuscous.
Wings washed with brown ; the eosta more obscure.

Bess. a. cliff. — Nearly of the same coloration as E. canaHcu-
latus, but smaller; the head less broad, not so triangular, distinct
by its two frontal feeble tubercles; tire thorax much narrower,
more margined anteriorly, more canaliculate posteriorly ; the

EUMKNRS.

109

Pcutcl not Hut nor entire ; the petiole .shorter, not ho dislinetiy
siilcute. — Very distinct from jili/hnnin by tlic sumc churacturd
and l)y it.s nearly inipuiictate aixhtniun.

JIah. IJrazil. rernanibiieo. This insect was bred in a neat
of Chalivoduma; If as u purasito 1 could not ascertain.

A3> E. flIiforilllH Sadhx. — Niger, nntenniH subtnH ot alxl. npir-M, fer-
rugineiH ; clypuo t-loiigatn, tlavo-inargiimto, npiue obtuse uiunrgiiiiito, et
tlavfl-liitnacnlnto ; tliorace bievl, dttuHe piuictato, poHtufUtHllo et iiieta-
noto crnHsiua punctatit), pctiolo valde elongato, punctato, temiitttr snl-
cato, puiio uiudium siibunarutato; Mecundo al)d. segmuiito puiiutatissiiiio,
rugosd, luargiiie ttubrtilluxo; luurgiiie puHtico pronoti, putiuli ot Buuuudi
seguiuuti, llavid ; alia iufuHcatiH, apiue subliyaliuiH. $ .

E.jUiformia Sachs. Kt. Vesp. Ill, 14«, 34, ?.

Total length, 17 mm. ; wiug, 13 mm.

Antenna* long and slender. Thorax shorter than that of E.
canal iciilalutf, almost globular, H(|uarely cut before, densely
punctured ; the post-seutellum and the metathorax eribrosc with
punctures, stronger and less serrate, while in the species cited
the thorax is everywhere velvety and finely punctured. The petiole
is a little longer than the thorax, very narrow, a little enlarged
from before backward, arcuate, flattened, irregularly punctured.
Its groove but slightly distinct. The second segment compressed,
very densely sJiugrecncd, appearing rugose above; the punctures
much more dense, but not as largo as on the metathorax ; the
first posterior border of this segment slightly turned up and pre-
ceded by a transverse depression in the middle; tho 2d border
narrow, profoundly sunken.

Var. The ornaments of the thorax and of the abdomen are
generally of a sombre ferruginous rather than yellow, indistinct;
the border of the 2d abdominal segment is sometin;es yellow,
sometimes ferruginous.

Black, fulvo-velutinous; flagellum of tho antennae beneath, edge
of wing scales, knees, and margin of the abdominal segments
ferruginous; posterior margin of prothorax an J an interrupted
fascia at the extremity of the petiole, yellow. Wings wa.shed
with brown in the basilar half, subhyaline at the extremity.

9. Clypeus black, smooth, lengthened, narrow above; its
greatest width is in its lower third, carrying two little bosses in
the middle (of its height), the terminal border notched at a very

110

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

obtuse angle, and forming two slightly diverging salient or obtuse
angles.

Two spots at the extremity of clypeus, the lateral margins,
and the frontal carina, yellow.

licsn. a. diff. — A very distinct species from all the others of
this Division by its very punctate compressed abdomen, and by
the much impressed edge of the 2d segment, which renders the
first edge very sharp. The other species have this edge flat, so
that tie first edge is hardly distinguishable.

Hah. Brazil. (Author's collections and Spinola's at Turin.)

Gen. MOJVTEZUMIA Sausb.

Mandibles very long, terminating in a point, channelled, and
forming by their union a long beak. Lip and jaw very long;
labial palpi presenting but three articles and often terminated
by long hairs.' Maxillary jmlpi composed of five articles.

Head normal ; generally dilated behind the eyes, and a little
concave behind; between the antenuaj is a little carina which
reaches the clypeus. Chjpeus 9 longer than wide, pyriform
(that is, rounded at the summit, diminishing downward) ; emar-
ginoto and bidcntate; % polygonal, generally as wide as long,
and terminated by a nearly straight border placed between two
distant side teeth.

Tlwrax generally lengthened, convex (at times wide) hardly
retracted before; prothorax very sharply truncate; metathorax
rounded, offering two convex faces, separated by a channel or by
a cavity, which are not bordered by sharp, but rounded, efl'aced
edges.

Abdomen generally fusiform ; the first segment enlarges

• Although the 3d article has a parabolic form, one sees very distinctly
that it is the 4th wliich is wanting, for the 3d preserves at its extremity
the lona stiff hairs which arm the 3d amonjr the types which have the
labial palpi composed of four articles {Norlonia). Furthermore, one often
discovers that the extremity of the 3d article is formed by a rudiment of
i\\c 4Ui article soldered upon it. This disposition becomes mure distinct
among the Monobia.

MONTEZUMIA.

Ill

gradually, is funnel like, pediculate or sessile, at times eanipanu-
late, but when the pedicle exists it only oocupie.s the anterior
part of the segment and does not e<>mpose the entire segment ;
it carries above, near the extremity, a longitudinal groove or a
rounded excavation.

Most of these insects have an appearance very easy to grasp,
thanks to their fusiform abdomen of which the lirst segment is
funnel-shaped. Their principal distinctions are found in this form
of the abdomen, combined with the length of the mandibles and
the reduced number of the articles of the palpi. The mandibles
are long and form a beak as with the Eumenes, although less
sharp; in the females these organs have four teeth or lobules;
in the males the inner edge is more entire or with three notches.
The clypeus, in general more long than wide in the females,
recalls the Eumenes also, but its narrow extremity has a trian-
gular notch, separating two triangular teeth ; in the males it
oll'ors the i)oiygonal form, a quite different type, which by the
separation of its terminal teeth has a sort of analogy to the
Zelhus. The head and body are almost equally and always
strongly punctured ; the abdomen is also wholly punctured, but
less strongly. All the body moreover is covered with a velvety
pile which often conceals the sculpture. The anterior border of
the prothorax is subconcave, but the angles, although at times
distinct, are never spinose as with certain Zethus.

The form of the abdomen recalls, in the normal types, the form
of Polistes; it is also fusifc-ni, the 1st segment being fuiuiel
shaped, much narrower than the second ; but the first segment
being larger, and always convex (not completely funnel shaped)
sufiices always to distinguish this genus, even though the head,
with its long mandibles and clypeus, should be wanting. Also
the strong puncturing of the thorax and the always short, clnibby
and wide metathorax assist in marking its differences.

The genus Montezumia also includes several types and
numerous forms which are slight marks of distinction.

The first segment of the abdomen is often narrow, canipanulate
and strongly bossed, in such case presenting the form which
appears in certain OJi/nerns, having the pedirulate al)domcn;
or, even the thorax becomes wide and flattened ; the metathorax

112

IIVMENOI'TEIIA OF AMERICA.

[I'AKT I.

cariiiatc, and liunce we have established separate divisions to
receive these types.

Let us add tliat tliese insects have wholly the appearance of
tlie Nortonia, and tliat one cannot distinguish them but by the
dissection of the mouth. If then we separate these two genera,
it is tliat they seem to us to form a deviation from the genus
Odynarus in two different ways; the Nortonia conducting to the
Eumenes, and tlie Montezumia forming rather a detached rami-
fication whieli seems more to direct toward the Polistes or Zefkus.

In fine the Montezumia have nearly the same buccate organi-
zation as the Monohia, and are distinguished from tliese insects
by their slender forms ; by their abdomen pediculatc or fusiform,
not distinctly sessile; and by the form of the metathorax, which
is convex, divided by a groove, but not excavated as with the
Odynerus, or which always at least offers two salient enlargements
rather than a posterior excavated surface.'

The genus Montezumia is almost exclusively American, but
it does not extend into the cold latitudes of this continent. It
appears only in Mexico, and extends southward as far as the
borders of Patagonia. It has not yet been met with in the
United States. It also appears to be limited to the eastern face
of the Andes, at least it has not yet been found upon the western
side of America.

The habits of these insects remain to this day entirely unknown,
although the structure of their mouth does not leave any doubt
tluit they lead a solitary life. Now, however, we may throw
some light upon this question, thanks to the kindness of Mr. G.
Claraz, who has been willing to send us the nests of Montezumia
fi'rrwjinea described below.

These structures very much resemble the nests of Pelopoeus.
They are of agglutinated masses of earth, in which one finds the
cells disposed in a parallel order, in which the insect imprisons

' It is true that certain Montezumia liaving the pediculate abdomen
olTer a sort of concavity of tliis kind on tlie nietatliorax (.1/. Lepiiiirii,
Ilitastccii) but tlie types witli tlie non-pediculate abdomen, which alone
could be confounded with the Monohia, have always the metathorax con-
vex, dabbed, and unarmed. Constantly here, as elsewhere, one finds
transitory types, but we have allowed that the genus ^fo^lobia is not
entirely decharacterized in the genus Montezumia (see the Monohia egregia
and especially the Monohia variabilis').

MONTEZUMIA.

113

its prey with the ejrgs which she has deposited in it. Eadi one
of these hnnps contains about ten of the cells. Unfortunately we
could not discover what composes the prey of the insect which
constructs these, the little colls being found occupied by the
nyniphes already quite prepared to hatch or even by insects
already hatched.

This observation becomes exceedingly interesting by reveal-
ing among the solitaiy wasps a different mode of nidification
which is allied to that which one knows among other genera and
which recalls the architecture of the Sphegidcs. So we know
that the Eiimenes establish for their offspring separate and dis-
tinct cells likewise formed of earth; the Zelhus build their nests
composed of aggregated cellules, established commonly in vege-
table matters and fixed upon little branches of trees The Ody-
neriis nidify in holes in walls, in the stems of plants, etc. The
Montezitmia, finally, construct their houses of many rooms, a little
like those of Zethus, but very much more massively built of earth
and stuck against walls or rocks as are those of the Sphegides
and some of the mason bees.

Division ANTEZUMIA.

Head flattened before (Euraenoide). Abdomen pediculate;
the petiole composed of the first segment, of which the first
moiety (or the base only) is linear; the second moiety being cani-
panular, not receiving the 2d segment. (Appearance nearly like
some Pachymenes).

a. thai very flat ; cly pens entire; abdomen but little pediculate.

1. M, chalybea Sauss.

Monlezumia chalybea Sauss. Vespides, III, 161, 49 ; pi. ix, fig. 2, 9 •

Hab. Brazil.

6. Head less flat; clypeus truncate or notched; abdomen more lengthened

pediculate.

'2. M. petiolata Sauss.

Montezumia petiolata Sacss. Vespides, III, 161, 50; pi. ix, fig. 1, 9*

Hab. Brazil.
8

114

IIY.MENOPTERA OF AMERICA,

[part I.

c. Head less flat ; clijjieus truncate or notched; petiole rather flattened

triangular.

3, M. briinea Sauss. — Velutino-sericea, punctata; clypeo punctato,
iiiarginu apicali late truncato, biangulato ; tliorace valde velutiiio, baud
compresso; metanoto brevi, striato, auino-sericeo ; 1^ abd. segmento
petiolari, coiupaiiulato, apiue sulco partito; capite et anteiniis iiigris;
liis siibtus ferrugiiu'is ; thorace et petiolo lUlis; proiioti margiiie postico,
tegulis, postscutelli tnauulis 2 petiolique linea inarginali, flavescentibus ;
pronoto, tliorace .«ubtus et petiolo ante marginem frequenter fuscis ;
abdoniine fusco-olivaceo ; pedibiis rnfis ; alia infumatis, costa fusca.

Varidt, Secuudo segmento ferrugineo-limbato.

^ . Clypeo lato, sericeo.

Pachymenes Irunnea Sadss. Vesp. I, 76, 4 ; pi. xii, fig. 6 (1852).
Total length, IG mm. ; wing, 12 mm.

This species has rather the appearance of an Eumenes, because
of its narrow 1st abdominal segment, campanulate as in Pachy-
menes, but quite flattened, and not bordered at end.

The clypeus % is polygonal, as wide as long, broadly truncate;
its inferior margin having a tooth on each side; it is black, silky,
with the inferior part yellow.

The body is velutinous ; the thorax very much so, rufo-ferru-
ginous with golden reflections; anteriorly blackish ; the petiole,
broadly club-shaped, parted l)y a groove, is ferruginous, with the
extremity blackish, and the hind margin finely bordered with
yellow. The rest of the abdomen brown-olive, with golden
reflections. The feet of the color of the thorax.

Hess. a. diff. — It has much the livery of M. wfernalis, but is
very din'crent by the petiolar form of the 1st segment of the abdo-
men, and by its shorter thorax.

Hab. Cayenne. Venezuela.

Observation. — L. c. I have mentioned that the 2d cubital
cell of the wing is triangular in 9, but this seems to be a mere
accident; it is not so iu S.

Division METAZUMIA.

Head more or less dilated ; metathorax convex at summit, a
little prolonged and presenting a distinct fossette, but unarmed.
Abdomen pyriform, but the fir.st segment retracted, subpediculate
at the base, then suddenly campanulate; dilated nodulously

MONTEZUMIA.

115

above by the meeting of the anterior and superior faces of the
segment. The second segment widening toward its base in an
ovoid form.

The insects of this division have somewhat the appearance of
DhicoeliuH, on account of the form of their abdomen, but the
lal)ial palpi are distinctly composed of three articles only and the
maxillary of five.

4. W. Huasteca Sadss. (Fig. 9 "S, 9a 90 — Nigra, nitida, dense
punctata; proiioto cristato-marginato; metauoto et abdom. 1° seguieuto
gi'osse criliratis ; mesouuto et abdom. 2^^ segiueuto teiiuiter punctatis ;
clypeo longiore quam latiore, bidentato striato-puuctato ; metanoto
rotundato, in uieilio excavato, foveola striata, hand acute margiuata
iustructo; abd. prinio segmento angusto, campanulato, supra nodoso
inflate; scutelli et postseutdii fascia interrupta, abdominisque seg-
meuti l'-2' (quandoque 3') margine, fulvis ; alia Lyaliuis costa nigra ;
autennaruni flagello subtus ferrugiueo.

% . Clypeo flavo, anteunis uuciuatis.

Montezumia huasteca Saoss. Rev. et Mag. de Zool. 1857, 271.
Total length, 16 mm.; wing, 13 ram.

Appearance of a Discoelius; clypeus more long than wide,
bidentate; the teeth distant, separated by a straight or concave
margin ; ocelli large, approaching ; a deep groove on the vertex.
Prothorax strongly rimmed, angulate; scutels flattened, divided
by a feeljle line, separated by a strong sulcus. Metathorax
forming two convex cheeks behind the post-scutel, but its poste-
rior face occupied by an almost round fossette, regularly exca-
vated, shining and striate, slightly punctured, garnished with a
gray pile, bat without decided border or limiting marks. Lateral
ridges effaced. First segment having its anterior fourth pedicu-
late in form and the remainder campanulate, quadrate, nodulously
swelled above ; (seen in profile this segment has the appearance
of carrying a great tubercle, which results from the meeting of
the superior with the anterior face at a right angle): this segment
less than half the width of the second and offering above a
depressed point ; second segment rounded, depressed, flat
beneath, convex above, enlarging gradually. Head, thorax, and
petiole densely punctured ; the prominences of the metathorax
and the first abdominal segment cribrose with large punctures;
the mesothorax not strongly punctured ; the head punctured.

116

HYMKNOPTEUA OF AMERICA.

[I'AUT I.

even striate before ; the second and the foUowin*^ abdominal seg-
ments densely and finely pnnetured.

Insect of a shining blactk ; antennas black, the flagellum ferru-
ginous beneath, botli scutels ornamented with a band or with two
obscure yellow points. The iwo, o'ten the three, first segments
of the a'^domeu, equally bordered with a submarginal edging of
the same color; that of the first segment continuing itself upon
the sides. Legs black. Wings transparent, with the anterior
edge blackish.

9. Clypeus black or more or less tawny or yellow.

Var. End of the abdomen slightly ferruginous ; often two
tawny dots at the summit of the pro- and of the metathorax.

%. Clypeus yellow, a little n .gined with black, strongly bi-
dentate ; the teeth sharp, separated by a notch on the arc of a
circle. Hook of the antennaj pointed, black or ferruginous. Xo
groove on the vortex.

Bess. a. diff. — This species has some resemblance to the M.
sepulchralis Sauss. Its form is quite like that of 31. Leprieuri;
one might be inclined to take it for a black variety of this species,
but the disk of the mesothorax is less strongly and the metatho-
rax less densely punctured in Huasteca than in Leprieuri.

Hah. The Gulf side of Mexico. I caught several 9 % near
Tampico ; some others have been taken near Orizaba.

In this species the third joint of the labial palpi is almost as
long as the second and the form distinctly parabolic-pointed;
this article is very abruptly terminated and has no appendix.
The maxillary paljn have their first article dilated ; the two fol-
lowing slender and long, the others smaller and smaller.

5. mr. L>eprieurii Spin. — Nigra; capite, thorace abdominisqne primo
segtutiuto, valde cribratis ; abdomiue de reliquo tenuiter punctato;
olypeo elongate, bidentato, scutellis, metanoto, abdominia primi seg-
meiiti limbo, aurantiacis ; alis subinfuscatis, costa nigra.

^ . Clypeo, anrantio; supra et lateraliter nigro-margiuato ; pronoti mar-
gine postico ot macula in basi mesonoti disci, aurantiis.

Van'rff autennis snbtus ferrngineis ; secundo abdominis segmento, flavo-
limbato; reliquis margine piceo. Longit, 0.015.

Odynerus Leprieurii Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. X (1841), 127, 78.
Monteztania pelngica Sauss. Vespides, I, 93, 11, pi. xii, fig. 10, J (1852).
Montezumia Leprieurii Sacss. Vespides, III, 160.

Hab. Brazil. Cayenne.

MONTEZUMIA.

117

ObKcrvation. — Tlie spcciinoii tlescribcd by Spinola lias the
wings faclt'tl, ferr-igiuous.

Division MONTEZUMIA (propr. diet.)-

TTcad dilated. Clypciis truncate or bidentato. Metathorax
offering two convex clieel<s, unarmed, separated by a furrow.
Abdomen fusiform; tiie lirst segment funnel-shaped, but enlaiged
above, capable of retracting more or less of the following one.

In this division the forms are rounder ; the first segment is
less enlarged above, it docs not present a superior and anterior
face; it becomes more funnel-sh.ape.l and wider, wl.ich gives to
these insects the appearance of J^olides with which they have
often been confounded.

1. Abdomen pcdiculate. The first moiety of the first segment

linear.

Division ALPHA.
(Sauss. Vespides, I, 88; III, ICO.)

6. HI. COerulea Sacss. 9 . — Valida, uigro-roerulea ; abdomine cooruleo,
clypeo pirifornii, puuctato, apice subemargiuaio, subbidentato ; capita
et thorace densissiine granulato-punctatiri, fulvo-biitis ; mctanoti
sulco striate; proiiotn angulato, cristato-marginato ; abdoniiiio fusifoimi ;
tenuiter dense-r-unctato, priino R«gm«nto ba.-ii petiolato, in primo diini-
dio lineari, dein infundibuliformi, in medio subbidentato, supra sulco
profundo punctifornii canaliculato ; pedibus forrugiuco-sericeis ; antennis
subtus ferrugineis ; alis nigro-cyaneis. Longit, 0.023,

Variut. clypei inargine, tarsorum artioulo ultimo, scutelli fascia, rufis.

% . Clypeo truucalo ; antennis ferrugineis uncinatis.

Monlezuniia carulea Sadss. Vespides, I, 90, 5 ; pi. xii, fig. 8, $ (1852);

III, IGO.
M. ruhritarsis Sadss. ibid. I, 00, 4.

M. rufipM Sauss. ibid, I, 89, 3 ; pi. xv, fig. 1, 9 (1852) ; III, IGO.
Odynerus arurescens Spinol, Mem. Acad. Turin, xiii, 1853, 82, (32, J .

llab. Brazil, Para. Rio Janeiro. Guyana. Cayenne.

Tf. M. azureipennis Sadss. — 31. ccerulete simillima, at abdomine
nigro ; primo segmento sulco parum profundo et utrinque liuca augu-
lata flava instructo ; alls nigro-coeruleis.

%. Clypeo rubro, truncate, subbidentato, antennis uncinatis.

118

IIY.MKNOI'TKIIA OF AMKUICA.

[part I.

Varint ore, tarsis apitu, scutellorHtn fasciis, rnfls.

Montezumia tiznniijiennis SAn88. Vespides, I, 89, 2 (1852) ; III, IGO.
Monlezumia rufidentata Sa0ss. Vespides, I, 88, 1 (1852).

This insect is most likely a mere variety of M. co'rulea.
Hah. Brazil. Mexico.

In this section one might nearly place also M. Ghilianii, and M.
azteca. (See below, No. 16 and 18.)

2. First segment of the abdomen subsessile.

Dirision BETA.
(Sapss. Vespides, I, 90; III, 1G2.)

A. Tliorax moderately lengthened, first abdominal scgmc7it
funnel-shaped, convex, divided by a feeble groove, vertex
somewhat swollen.

a. Wings transparent or ferruginous.

§. Iff. nigriceps Spin. — Niger; abdominis 1° segmento infandibnli-
formi, brevissime petiolato, latitndine ^ seeuudi ; mandibulirf ferrugiueis ;
thorace et pedibas rufis; illo paiilo nigro-vario; post-soiitelio flavo-
binotato; abdominis priiuo segmento basi rufo, auguste llayo-limI>ato ;
alls hyalinis, venis testaceis.

% , Clypeo polygonale, albido, margine antico truncato, integro ; anteuuis
apice uuciDo obtnso testaceo instructis. Long. 5-<J liu.

Eumenes? nigriceps Spinola, Ins. rec. h Cayenne par Leprieiir, Ann. Ent.

Fr. X, 1841,128,79, %.
Montezumia nigriceps Sauss. Vespides, III, 102, 51.

Hab. Cayenne.

9. M. infunditiuliforniis Fabr. — Gracilis, clypeo piriformi, trnn-
cato, punctato-striato ; corpore punctato ; pronoto marginato, angulato;
mesonoto nitido, sparse punctato ; metanoto dense punctato, velutino,
hirto, in medio tantura canaliculato; capite, thorace et pedibus nigris,
toraento aureo rariore sericeis ; abdomine ferrugineo, vel badio ; primo
segmento infundibuliformi, fasciis 2 nigris et ntrinqiie dente laterali
instructo; segmentis 3-5 punctatis; tarsis apice rnfis ; mandibnlis
ferrugineo-variis ; antennis subtus obscure ferrugineis ; alis byalinis,
venis nigris.

I ar. Segmentis 1°, 2° limbo flavescente ; tarsis et tibiis fuscescentibus.
LoQgit, 18 mm.

montkzi;mia.

119

9 . Clypeo apico truncate vel suboirarginato, iufero ferrugineo vel albido
luari^inato.

^ . Clypeo truncate, frequenttir albido-marginato.

Euminps itifnuiUbuUformis Vmw.. Syst. Piez, 288, 14 (1804).
Muntiznmia illmidiala Sauss. Vespides, I, 91, 13 (1852) ; (Syn. Olivieri
tixcluM), ibid. Ill, lUO.

Hah. JJnizil. (Author's collection.)

This spt'cios has a remarkable resemblance to Polyhfa because
of its hyaline wings. It must not be coulbunded with Folijbia
dimidiata 01., or Folidea hicolor Sss.

10. M. Cortesiana Sacss.— Carbonaria, velutina, nigro-fulvo liirta,
purpureo-.sericea; clypeo punctate, apice truncate, .subexciso; capite
densiHsiiiie punctate ; pronoto, post-scutello et metanoto densissiine
grosst) punctati.s ; niesonoti disce et scutf lie .sparse, abdouiine tenuiter,
punctatis ; prouote angulato, cristato-margiuato ; abdominis prime seg-
inento elongato-campanHlari, supra suico foveolato; tnrsis anticis apice,
clypoi marginibus lateralibus et mandibularum margine interne, rufis ;
antennirt ferrugineis, basi nigris ; alis pallide flavo-giiseis, veuis anticis
fusco-ferrugiueis. J . Longii, 0.020 m.

Montezumia Cortesia Sauss. Vespides, I, 92, 10, J ; pi. xv, fig. 2, 9 (1852).
Ilab. Mexico. (Typus in auetoris niuseo.)

11. HI. i^epulchralis Sauss. % .— Prrccedentis statura et facie, illi
simillima ; clypeo et mandibulis nigri.s, vel clypeo utrinque puncto
rufo; prime segmento obscure ferrugineo-limbato ; alis ferrugineis.
(Anne praecedentis varietas?.)

Montezumia sepulchralis Sacss. Vespides, III, 1G3, 54 (1854).
Montezumia mortuorum Sauss. Veopides, III, 104, 55 (1854).

Hah. South America.

12. HI. analis Sausb.

Montezumia analis Sadss. Vespides, III, 163, 53.

Hah. South America.

6. ^Yings obscure, smoky, fuscous or black,

* Body more or less fe.rruginoua.

13. 91. Spinolee Sauss. — Sat gracilis, omnino velutina; capite et
tliorace dense punctatis ; roetatliorace crassissime rugato, late plane
foveolato ; scutellis couvexis, sulco longitudiuali divisis ; antennis,

120

IIYMKNOI'TEUA OF AMKIUCA.

[I'AllT I.

capite, iiifPonoto. aluloiiiiiiirt aegineiitis 20-7^^, iiigris; ptnlibHr*, proiioto,
suutfllis tt'gulis Ht pleiiris, iii»)tiiiioto ot abdoniiuia 1<3 aegtueiitn, rutl.4,
aiireo-velutiiiid ; frtnjiienttir pronoti luargiim posMco, tHgulia partiin,
metaiioti iimculis 2 c-t uanthiri, primiiiue Mugmeiiti luargiue, flavis ; alin
fusco-violasoentiliurt, conta nigra, apic« palliiUoro.

^. Clypeo puiictulato polygonal!, fere latiore quam lonpioro, late exoUo;
nmuula gunariiin llava; antennarum uuciuo et scapo Hubtuii, ferruginei:i.

Viiridt, a. Clypeo llav(>-niaculato.

/). Alidoniinu oiuninu nigruscentt*, apice fure ferrugineo.

c. Mesonoti diaco fcrrugiuoo-bilinoato ; l*^ abd. segmeuto fascia llava
iuternipta.

Moiitezumia Splnolir Saoss. Et. Vesp. I, 93, 12; pi. xii, fig. 9, 9 var.

(18r)2).
Odynerus in/nrnalis Hpinola, MC-m. Acad. Turin, XIII, 1>^53, 84, 64, ^.
Montezumia vifenmlia SAUfS. Kt. Vespidea, III, 1<!2, 52.

Total length, lG-18 inm. ; wiug, 14-1.') mm,

Stronj^ly and densely punctured. Front a little channelled
transversely above the anteniiuj, vertex a little swelled behind in
a transverse pad. Prothorax anfjulate, truncate before, following
a slightly concave trenchant line. Clypeus and post-scutel
divided by a groove. Metathorax short, vertically wide, rugose,
punctured and velvety ; its concavity almost in the form of an
angle, plane, a little bordered at summit. First abdominal seg-
ment canipanular subsessilo, finely ])unctured, with a groove
above toward the extremity. The 2d .segment notably more
enlarged, with scarce punctures clothed with a velvety pile, as if
striolate. The other segments densely and finely punctured.

Black; labrum very long, ferruginous; a littlo yellow line bor-
dering the eyes below and another upon the scape of tlic antenna;,
%. Thorax of a velvety ferruginous; disk of the raesothorax
black ; prothorax and flanks brownish, with the borders of the
first and some spots on the second reddish ; wing scales spotted
with yellow; post-scutel adorned with a yellow line; metathorax
having some silky golden-yellow reflections and two yellow spots
upon the summit. First segment red, with a yellow border.
Legs ferruginous, with golden reflections. "Wings of a black
violaceous, with the extremity more pale. (Surinam.)

The color of the thorax varies very much, from ferruginous to
obscure brownish. The border of prothorax and the sides of the
thorax under the wing, ornamented with yellow.

MONTEZUMIA.

1-21

%. Clypciis nitluT convex ut tlie top, llatti'iMMl Itclow, termi-
nated by two (lisliiiit teeth, separated l»y a slraijjclit l)onler; its
color obscure like tliat of the Load, or having in its interior part
a yellow mark or triangle.

I'ar. a. Clypeus and Hnteiinie entirely l)Ia('k, witlumt yellt)\v.

b. Thorax entirely ferruginous except the disk of the mesono-
tum, wiiich is blackish.

('. The first begmeiit of abdomen blackish (S}>inolir, Sss.).

(/. The tirst segment ferruginous, margined with yellowish; the
yellow fascia preceded by a fuscous stain.

JicsH. a. (liff. — I have joined M. iiij'cnialia to BpinoUc, for it
is very likely to be the same species. These velvety, partly
ferruginous insect.s are so variable that only the examination of
numerous .specimens can settle the entomologist a.s to the value
of the species. Compare this species with M. Ghilianii, Mexivana,
and ferrwjinea.

Hub. Brazil, Para; Surinam. (Type of Spinola in Turin
museum; the author's type in his own collection.)

Obncrvalion The name M. infernalis was given liy my

excellent friend Marcpiis Max. Spinola Ix.'fore I gave the species
the name of Spinola', but the manuscrii)t of Spinola having taken
a l(»ng time to print, the name Spinolae was published first, so
that 1 was obliged to preserve it.

14. IW. Ghilianii n. sp. — Velntina, nigresce^s vel fu3ca; metanoto,
scutellis, peilibus et abdoiuiuis prinio sfgiueiito, rufis ; hoc flavo-m.irgi-
nato; thorace lato ; abiloniiuis primo segiuento depresso, subpetiolato.

Total length, 18 mm. ; wing, 15 mm.

Size and livery as in 31. Spinal fe, but the thorax much wider,
dilated, and the j)rothorax not quite so angular. The scutel and
post-scutel not parted by a longitudinal groove, but rather by a
sort of indication of a carina. The metathorax shorter than in
the said species, less chubby, more angular. The first abdo-
minal segment a little more petiolate; its dilatation shorter,
depressed, not so convex, bell-shaped.

Body quite velvety, covered with golden hair. Head black;
antcnnte ferruginous beneath. Thorax black; hind nmrgins of
prothorax bordered by a rufous line ; tegulaj, scutels, metathorax,
legs, and various spots under the wings rufo-ferruginous. Abdo-

139

IIYMKNOI'TKUA OK AMERICA.

[I'AIIT I.

int'll liliifki.sli ; tlu! first si'j,nu('iit rufoun, margiiicd with yellow uiid
bhu'ki.sii Ijc'lbre tho yellow iuiiid. AViiigH brownish, dark along
tlio cost a.

%. ClypiMis black, tcrininated by two distant tcoth us iu tho
other H))ccies.

Ht'SH. a. ill//'. — This certainly very variable species h quite
wimilar to M. Sjuiiuln: in its size and livery, l)ut the thorax is not
so slender, tiio head is more inllated, the 1st sej^nient more Ihit-
teiu'd. It lias nearly the /^ca'.s of a J'lir/njinrni'fi because of tho
exceptionally depressed form of this segment, which forms nearly
a canipannlar petiole.

Ilnb. JJrazil.

I have described the specimen in th(! Turin museum; it is also
a species of the rich collection of Spinola.

15. M. IVIp.Yicaiia HAiTfiR. (Kig. 11.) — Obscure fcrmgiiiea ; nlis dilute
fiiseis ; oapite et tlioiaee viilde iiiinotatirt ; riypeo bidentiito ; pronoto
liaud aiigulat(» scut<illiH huIco iiarlitis ; post-Hcutello caiiiiato-oieiiiiluto,
tlavo; iiietaiioto rugoso, per pulcuin vtil foveolaiii hautl Tuarginatam
diviso; abdoniiiiu Heriueo; priiuo segiiKiuto iiifuiidibulifnnui, apioem
versus Hnea iiiiprcssa notato; alis infiiscatis, tyauesoeutibua. J.

Variut. Ouinino ferrugima, alls fusoesceiiUbus.

Mvntezumia Mexicinin Sauss. Vespides, I, 94, 14 (1852).
Total leugth, 20 mui. ; wiug, 15 mm.

9. Insect slender. Head and thorax densely cribroso, sha-
greencd, rugose. Clypeus pyriform, convex, strongly punctured,
terminated by two little subcontiguous teeth. Jbtwccn tho
auteniiio is a little carina in form of a T. Thorax lengthened ;
prothorax slightly retracted anteriorly, very finely rimmed, not
angulate. Scutdlum and post-scntel divided by a longitudinal
groove; the post-scutCl separated from the scutellum by a deej)
furrow and forming a ridge, transverse, crenulate, divided by tho
medial groove. Metathorax oflering two convex cheeks much
more rugose than the renminder of the thorax, divided by a striate
fossctto, which has no distinct margin; the lateral ridges effaced
by the rugosities. Abdomen smooth, shining, sericeous, or vel-
vety ; the first segment at the base subsessile, then funnel-shaped,
convcrx, luiving a lengthened depression above; the second seg-
ment ni«)derately larger than the first, its border a little upturned.
The abdomen finely punctured beneath its velvety pile.

MuNTKZr.MIA.

123

Insect fiTiMipinons. TIic tlinriix often variccl with I)lurk in tlio
siitnro.s ami upon tiio niopotliorax. Anlciina! riTi'iiginoiis, willi
the lla^elinni hiackisli altovc, iH-yoiid tlic; tiiinl arliclu ; post-scutel
oranp" ; (probably often also tlic winjf Hcalo, ihu posterior border
of tliu prothorax and that <jf thu first two ubdoiuiiial segments
sonietiines of the same coUjr; the yellow border of the lirst seg-
ment, when it exists, i.s often iiiterrnpt<'d.) I-ejrs ferrnjrinous ;
\vin;j:s brown, slij^htly darkened, with violet and j^olilen relleelioiis.

Var. The thorax is sometimes less lon>?tlieried than in the type.

Itcitx. a. (lijf. — r think this sjn'cies nearly related to M. ferru'
ginra Sanss., which does not appear to hiivo violet winpfs. It is
near to Mixu'ana, but the abdojucii of this last is a little pedi-
culate and the head more swollen. It is also closely related to
M. SpinoUv, but it dilVers from it by its thorax without angles,
with little nnirgin, by its metulhorax slightly attenuate, less
trnncato vertically, less excavated, more roui'ded, less (piadrate.
It is very similar also to M. in/i-nialiit Sp., with which I cannot
com])aro it, the sexes not being the same in the two types; the
metathorax is more rugose in Jli'.ricanu J, and noi so excavated.
It resend)lcs also the Nortonia lolfeva, but is i)crfectly distinct
from it by its lengthened thorax, as high as wiile and not
depressed and widened; by its violet wings, by its strongly
divided scutels, by its crenulnte post-scutel, etc

JIah. The galf side of Mexico. I have found a female near
Ttvmpico.

16. Iff. fcrrilginea Sausa. — Oracillima, femiginpn dense punctata,
sul)Velutina ; cajiite pone oiruhw jn-oduuto; paulo altiore qnani latioie ;
thorace valiie eIoni;ato, conipresso, angusto, iiiHtaiioto postite j)ioilacto,
suluo profniiilo diviso ; atidoiiiinH gracili; piinio segiiiento elonk;ato,
depreBso; suluo valde inipresso partito ; anteiniarum llagello Kuperne
vi'l oiunino iiigro ; clypeo ct capitB tlavis, vcrtiuH ferrucineo-notato;
alxloininis segtiientoi-uii'i niar^inibiis lituris suhintenuptis tlavis ornatis ;
atis infnscatis puipureu-nitentibas, eosta, prsecipue iu apiuu, I'errugiuea.
Lon^it, 1!) mill.

9. Clypeo pirifornii, apice l)i.«pinoso ; niandiliulis crennlatis.

Varial, Omniuo ferruginea, seu pedibus flavo-variis, vel thoracis suturis
uigris.

Montezumia ferruginea Sacss. Vespides, I, 91, 7 (1852).

Hah. South America. Uruguay. La Plata. Patagonia 1 9.
(G. Claraz.)

124

IIVMEXUl'TERA OF AMKttlCA.

[I'ART I.

Tliis is a distiiiot species, rcniarkiiljlo by its slender body. Its
nldificatiou 1ms been indicated belure iu the description of the
genus.

** Body quite black.

m, M, niorosa Badrs. — Nigro-cinerea ; capite et thorace dense punc-
t;ui:i ; prouoto tenuitHr luarginato ; scutelli parte postiiwi et po.st-.scuiello
sulou partitis ; uietanoto haud atteiiuato, valde exuavato, argeuteu-hirto,
utriiujue coiivexo, lugato; aliduuiiiie ileiiHu puiiutulatu, uiiiereu seri-
caiite ; pedilnis auticis paitiiii, uiaiidibuliri,clj'peo aiileiiiianiuiquu suapo
Hubtus obsuure ferrngiiiei:^ ; alia fu^jco-violaueid uosta obscuriore. Long.,
18-22 mm.

J. Clypeo late pirifoimi, apiue dentulis 2 invicom propiuquis iustruuto.

%. Clypeo brevidie, longitudine latitiuliiii subiequali, late emarginato
deutibus 2 iuvicem distantibus instriicto; autenuarum uuciuu rufo.

Montezumia morosa Sauss. Vespide.s, I, ilO, (i (1852).

Tliiri .species is characterized by its black body, with gray-silky
changes, but without violet-green ivdections. The wings are
more or less obscure, with more or less of violet changes. The
metathorax is rather broad, not attenuated; the prothorax not
much angulated. The altdonien is subsessile, the lirst segment
bell-shaped with a little groove on its superior side.

A male specimen from Mexico, which I cannot separate from
this species, has the thorax a little larger than the specimens
from South America.

The inner edge of the mandibles of the male is not lobed nor
indented, but only a little unequal.

JJab. The eastern part of 8outh America. Brazil. Guyana.
Mexico. (I caught a male on the eastern coast of the gulf; ucar
San-Andres-Tuxtla.)

18. HI. Mai'tliae n, pp. — Nigra; post-scutello, metathoracc abdonii-
nisque 1^ segmeuto basi Hulfureis; ali.s fuso-violascentibiis. J .

Total length, 17 mm. ; wing, 15 mm.

9. Head and thorax mnch as in jif. mo7'om. Clypeus covered
with longitudinal punctures; its inferior end formed by two little
teeth separated by a straight bolder. Head and thorax very
densely shagrecned; metathorax short, much rounded. Abdo-
men very finely punctured, not so regularly fusiform as in moroaa;
the first segment somewhat narrower compared with the second

MONTEZUMIA.

125

one, but having Uic same form us iu morosa aud marked with a
subapical sulcosity.

lutiuct black, furnished with a short grayish pubescence. Post-
scutel, metathorax, and first abdominal segment sulphur-yellow;
the latter margined with a black band. Tarsi furnished with a
golden-silky pile having a brownish refleetioii ; tibial spines rufous.
Wings dark fuscous with dark violet iridescence ; the apex paler.

Hub. Santa-Martha. Antilles.

m. VI. Platensis.

Monlezumia platinia Sacss. Vesp., I, 92, 9; pl.xv, fig. 3, J.

Hub. La Plata.

20. IMf. aiiceps Sacss. — M, morose- p.flinls, at corpore paulo magia
teiiuiter puiictato ; clypeo longioro, minus rugoso, apiee truuuato, biun-
giilato ; tliorace paulo breviore; pronoto angulato; mesonoto breviore,
nietauoto minus obliquo; alis apice et postice puHucidis, basi et iu uosta
nigris. 9 ■

Vaiiat. Primo sugmento utrinque lineola submarginali fulva.

Total length, 15 mm. ; wing, 12 mm.
Monlezumia anceps Sauss. Vespides, I, 92, 8 (1S52).

Much resembles M. morosa, but in this the clypeus is in form
of a short and wide pear a? d terminat(;s in a j)oint, parted by a
little notch; in ilf. anceps it is more lengthened, truncate, and
bioarinate, the carime formi::g a tooth on each side of the little
inferior border. The wings arc hyaline with the costa up to the
stigma dark-brown, this color very soon becoming faint; the
second cubital cell is also less contracted in M. anceps, which is
also a smaller species.

JJab. South America. Rio Janeiro.

ill. W . Axteca n. sp. (Fig. 10, lOn.) — Viridi-coornlea, cinereo-sericea ;

capite et thor»i-u valde punctatis; abdomine puuctulato, uigro; alifi

fusco-violaceirt.
%. Clypeo iwfeie fulro-biuotato, margins truULato subbidentato ; anten-

narum articulo uitiiuo deplauato, ferrugineo.

Total It^ngth, 20 mm. ; wing, 14 mm.

%. Head short, the vrUhh of thorax. Thorax long, neither re-
tracted before nor behind. Prolhorax shari)ly truncate, rimmed,

12G

HYMENOPTEUA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

with the angles rather sharp. Metathorax qn'.,c rounded, offer-
ing two large dilated cheeks, strongly sepoi'ated by a wide
channel ; the lateral ridges effaced, rounded. Abdomen having
the same form as in M. ccerulea, funnel-shajed, but its petiole
much shorter, forming hardly the third or th-;; fourth of the lirst
segment; this retracts the second as in the Ivlistes, and carries
a distinct groove above ; the second segment having its border
insen.sibly subreflexed. Head and thorax vtry densely and
coarsely punctured throughout, of an elegant bluish-grcen violet,
having metallic reflection.s and garnished with a whitish pile,
especially distinct on the metathorax. Abdomen shining, black,
with some iridescent reflections; densely punctured, but with a
silky pile, of gray hairs. Legs black; the anterior tarsi at times
ferruginous. Wings brownish, with violet rellectiousj the ante-
rior edge darker.

% . C'lypeus polygonal, widely truncated, covered with a silvery
pile, offering toward the bottom two little arcuate carinie, which
end at the two distant teeth, limiting each si-' • of the anterior
margin. The color of clypeus is bluisli, like that of the head, but
it is marked on its anterior border with a double, pale, orange
spot; the margin delicately black. Antennae black, rolled spi-
rally at the extremity, with the last article flattened, obtuse, nnd
ferniirinons. Mandibles almost without teeth, ofl'ering only some
feeblt? notches.

Bern. a. diff. — This species approaches the M. morosa, although
it is easily distinguished from it l)y the blue, not black, color of
the thorax and the head its punctures are larger, not so denso ;
the mctathora.x is more channelled and not so excavated; the
scutelium more flattened and ptirte(l in its length by a delicate
groove. The (irst al)dominal .segment is less dilated above ; its
base is linear, pediculate for the length of a half line or less,
while with the M. vmrosa this segment is more sessile.

One might confound it also with M. (•(rrulescens, of which it
has much the appearance, excci)t that its petiole is much shorter.

Hah. The gulf fiide of Mexico. I have taken but one specimen
A&ar Tampico.

Observation. — Thi-; species is quite intermediate between Sect.
Ifit and Sect. 2d, its abdomen being rather pcdiculatu.

MONTEZUMIA.

127

B. Head slronfjhj dilated on the vertex behind the eyes, having
(.so to Npeak) an anomalous form. Tlwrax much lengthened;
abdomen often large. The first aegment dejn'eased or fat-
tened above and divided by a very distinct groove.

22. iW. Brasilieiisis Sacss. % . — Pnecedentium staturaj vel paulo
major ; occipite maxime producto, thorace eodeinmodo elongato, sed
anti(;e magis rotundato et metauoto paulo latiore, truncatiore, foveolato ;
alidoinine latiore, segmentis, 1"^, 20, depressis; primo lato, sulco pro-
fuiido diviso. Insectl color omuiuo castaneus ; metauoto, lateribiis et
aute.niaruui tlagello, nigris. Alia fusco-cyaueis, stigmate ferrugiueo.
Longit, 19 ram.

Variat: Pedibu.s llavo-variis-; abdominis primo segmento flavo-marginato ;
corpore plus niiuusve ferrugiueo.

% . Auteuuis apice uuciuo parvulo fulvo instructis ; clypeo ferrugiueo
apice emargiuato, valde biduutato.

Montezumia Drasiliensis SAn.«s. Veapides, III, 164, 56 (1854).

Ilab. Brazil. Proviuce uf the uiiues. (Typus in museo Pari-
siensi.)

33. Vf. macrocepliala Sau^s.

MoiiiKzumiu macrocephala Sauss. Vespides, III, 165,' 57; pi. iv, fig. 3, %
(1854).

Abdomine maxime dilatato.

Ill this spcM'ieri tlio male lias the abdnmon squat or flattened,
strongly dihiled and depressed; its lirst scfrincnl is parted by a
strong groove, soiiu'tinics (.'ontiiiuod on tlie 2d segment. In the
female the abdomen is not so flatteiu-d down but is slender and of
the normal form. The elypeus ? is terminated by two small,
rather distant teeth.

Fi '•. Often the clyjieus 9, the face, tarsi, and margins of the
abdomniu! segments becom*' yellowish. On the contrary, the
whole insect often becomes uniformly ferruginous.

Hab. Brazil. (The type in the Paris museum.)

Division PAR.AZUMIA.

(Sauhr. Venpides, III, Ititi.)

Head muct dilated ielhiid the eyes; thorax wide and strongly
depressed; meiatiiorax prolonged behind obliquely; its lateral

' Errata. — IMi fci»* <tf tlie lU'scription, instead of " dessous des untennes,"
read : "desaus rfw antennes."

128

IIYMEXOPTEKA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

r'nlf^L's vory slinrp. Aluloinon sossile, depressed; the first seg-
ment wide, sessile, funnel-shaped.

24. Itff. cariiilllata Spin. — Niger, mandibulis, tarsi's et ahdoniiue fer-
rugiueis ; coiporo polito, fulvo-sericeo ; Ccipite iiigro, veri,ice inipressione
post-oculari iiotato; clypeo biaugulato, angulis nifia et utrincjue supra
augnlos dentulo instrut^to; thorace depresso, latioru quain abiloniun,
superne convexo, polito; scntello post-scutelloijuu deplanatis, hoc
postice angulato, haud truncato, per metaiiotuin iuvolutiiiu; metatho-
raue sup<^rno convexo, utriuqiie cautho lateral! acnto, in medio inci^ura
elongato-tiuadrata strigatacjiie exarato; ejus inarginibus acutis, tenuiter
flavis ; ab<lomine gracili, prinio segmento elongato-piriformi, superne
carinula longitudinali partito ; alls hyalinis, succinuo-subiuquiuatis,
venis fuscis. 9 •

Odiinerns carinulatus Spinola! Acad, de Turin, XIII, 1853, 83, 03.
Muutezumiti cariniilatii Sadss. Vespides, III, 1G(J, 58, 9 (°ec % ).

Total lengtb, 16 mtn. ; wing, 14 mm.

In this species the clypeus is terminated by a little margin,
truneatc, with the angles ratlior salient, but there is somewhat
higiier, a sort of depression imitating a fase truncaturc, forming
alHM on each side a little tooth-like eminence. The thorax is
wide, depressed, very large if compared to the slender abdomen,
lis upper surface forms a sort of flattened vault, without gibbo-
sities; the scutel and post-scutel are flattened, making the con-
linuution of this vault with the upper face of uietathorax, which
is not to be distinguished from the posterior face. The latter is
eaiialiculaie with a sort of square notch, bordered with sharp
ridges.

The body is not velvety, but much polished, although garnished
with fulv«»us hajir. (Type of Spinoke.)

Bab. Brazil. Para. (Typus in nuiseo Spinolic, Taurinis.)

Division PSEUDOZUMIA.

Body doprewwd. Thorax wide; lateral ridges of metathorax distinct.
First sfiimfnt of' nhl.omen in tht form of' a lengthened triangle, Jiatlened and
longitudiuallif striate,

InsectR Afiiaiio.

Af. indtca Sacss. Vespides, III, 1G7 ; pi. ix, fig. 4.— India.

MONOBIA,

129

Gen. MOMODIA Sa

Lip moderate. Labial palpi composed of three or four articles,
the fourth rudimentary and soldered when it exi.sts. Maxillary
paljji composed of five articles.

Mandibles lengthened, channelled, lobulate toward the end on
the inner border and terminating in a point as in the Odi/ncrua.

Melathorax excavated. Abdomen sessile, conical or ovoid, not
fusiform, j

The Monobia are Odynerina among which the number of
articles of the palpi is diminished and which for this reason
approach the Monteziimia and Hynagris. Their bodies ofler
different forms, peculiarly varied like the Odynerina, such as :
mctathorax rounded, or marginate or bidentate, the abdomen
more or l^ss conic or even rather ovoid, etc.

The buccal organization of the Monobia is evidently the same
as with the Monteznmia ; however, the labial palpi are more
variable, and one sees in these organs the rudiments of the 4th
article more clearly developed.

The Monobia differ from the Montezumia by their wide and
excavated mctathorax and by their abdomen, coidcal or at least
sessile and not pediculate nor fusiform. Yet here also one meets
intermediate types which form the transition from one genus to
tiie other; (sec the 3IoHobia egregia and variabilis.)

Nevertheless the greater number of species have wholly the
forms of the Odijnerus and cannot be distinguished from this
genus but by the dissection of the mouth.

Division I.'
Labial palpi composed of three article, the 3d elongate.

A. Melathorax Impinose.

!• M. Californica Sauss. — Oracllis, ferrnginea, sparse punctata;
nietanoto foveolato, utrinque spinoso; antennis superne ultra medium
iiigresceutibus ; macula frontali flara : vertice nigro, fascia arcuata et

' Perhaps this division should not he separated from the second, but
not having the insects before my eyes, it is imposaible for me to decide.
9

130

IIYMENOl'TEUA OP AMKUICA.

[I'ART I.

orbitis f«i'rngiiieis ; inesonoti diHco iiigro, signaturis 2 rnfld ; alxlouiiuis
Hugtneiiti.s bu.-si iiigris; ])i'Oiu)ti et nbdoiniiiiri st^giiientoruiu 1-2 luargiue,
tegulis, scutullitf, tibiis et tar.sis, tlavin ; alis funiosis.

Montezumiu CuH/oruirn Sauss. Revue do Znol., xv, 18C3.

«

Total length, 18 inin. ; wing, 13 mm.

%. The slendor mid lengthened form of Monlezumia, but the
abdomen more truneate at its base. Jlead rather small. Thorax
very little retraeted befcnx' or behind; metalhora.v s(|uar('ly cut,
searcely prolonged behind the ])o.st-seutel ; its posterior face
truneate, e.xeavated in almost all its width, oceupied by a vertieal
furrow, smooth and shining, slightly striate from the middle
downward; armed on eaeh side with a strtmg spiniform tooth;
the inferior borders of the eoneavity (piite trenehant, but the
superior, sitimted above the spines, comi)letely rounded and
effaeed. Seutellum and jiost-seutel separated by a di'ep groove
and divided by a longitudinal groove; {ho post-scutel rather
carinated. Head and th(tra.\ smooth, covered with finely jtunc-
tured .spots, the raetathorax more strongly punctured. Abdomen
lengthened, but subsessile; the first segment wide, rounded-
truncate at its base, but still less wide than tlie 2d, which is longer
than wide. All the segments having their posterior border
divided by a little longitudinal groove.

Insect of a bay-ferruginous, with satin-like, slightly glaucous
reflection!?. Clypeus {1) convex, polygonal, a little notched in
the are of a circle and armed with two angular teeth. Front and
vertex black, but a spot above the insertion of the antenna; yel-
low. A space behind the eyes and the complete border of the
orbits orange-ferruginous; the two lines which border the summit
of the eyes unite on the posterior part of the vertex, forming a
hor.seshoe. Mouth and antenme ferruginous ; these last a little
obscure above in their second moiety and nearly to tii(! end.
Thorax varied with black beneath and along its sutural lines;
di.<k of the mesothorax black, with a double ferruginous spot; a
little black at the bottom of the concavity of the metathorax and
at the base of the abdominal segments. Wing scales, post-.scutel,
and margin of the first two n'jdominal segments, yellow; the
border of the second a little festooned and narrow in the middle;
the border of prothorax and of the other segments also a little
yellow. Legs ferruginous, with the tibiae and tarsi yellowish.
Wings smoky, with slight vioiet reflections.

MONOBIA.

131

This doubtless varies much. Its yellow markings are proba-
bly often more developed and the body partly encroached upon
by black

Bens. a. diff. — This species is remarkable from its slender form
and its motathorax puffed or chubby at the summit. IJy this
character it establishes itself in the genus Monobia aud marks the
transition from the Monte.ziunia.

In its colors it recalls certain Odyneri of the old world (().
vmUicolor aud allies), and also certain Odyneri of its own country,
such fi%i\\Q 0.annulatu8,pratensis, and in fine some Mexican
species, such as the O. Iturbide. But it differs from all — 1st,
by its abdomen lengthened, not conical ; 2d, by its metathorax
which is chubby at its summit on each side of the post-scutel,
because that is a little prolonged behind; 3d, by its labial palpi
distinctly composed of only three articles and the maxillary
clearly of five.

It differs from the M. egregia by its metathorax, chubby at the
summit and truncate, not in a line with the post-scutel, but more
behind; having a smaller concavity and of another form, more
inclosed, aud of which the spiniform angles are placed above the
middle.

It approaches more to the M. variabilis in its form, but is
more slender, and the ))ody is not strongly eril)rose nor velvety,
as with thi.s species, but smooth, satin-like, with glaucous reflec-
tions.

Hab. Lower California. Taken at Cape St. Lucas by T.
Xantus.

Observation. — With this species the buccal organs are but
little Ichgthened ; the tongue, the galea, and the maxillary palpi
are quite short ; the labial palpi are slender, the articles long.

3. Vt. cyanipennis Oubr.

Odynenis cynnipennis Guer. Voy. de la Coqnille, Ins., 2G4; pi. ix, flg. 5,

S(1830).
Monohia cyanipennis Saoss. Vespides, I, 96, 2.

Hah. Chili. (Typus in mus. Dom. Guerin Meneville.)

132

IIYMENOPTEHA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

B. Metathorax noi hUpinoae.

a. Metathorax with rou(jh an(jle$.

3. Af« HilTatica Sauh:). — Nigra, pauctata ; clypeo apice truncato;
uietathoravia canthis rugoaia hand aouti:) ; abdoininu se^trtili, bani triin-
vato, primo aegmeuto suoundo lequilato, Hecundi margine subcanaliculato
et valde puuotato; mandibulis, uiauula, fruptali «t post-ouiilari, clypao,
aiitennis basi, pronnto, tugulia inauuliaque 2 .souttilli, fMii-ti^inuis ; abd.
1'-' 8eb:::?"to >'«faiide davo-limbato ; pudibud llavis, basi iiigria; alia
fu.soo-Tiolaaceiitibua. 9 ■

Variat. Corpore plua uiinusve flavo-variegato.

Monobia sylvatica Sausb. Ve.spidel^ I, 9'), 1 ; pi. xv, fig. 7, 9*

Hab. Brazil. (Typus in mus. Parisiense.)

This insect closely resembles lihi/nrhiiiin (Odyneriis) dorsale,
but it is somewhat smaller. The .species seems to be distinct
from this, and I made some confusion with it in my Vespides III,
p. 168. — Compare 0(h/n. <hrnalU, page 200, Oha.
h. Metathorax rounded, unarmed.

4. M. anomnla Hai-hs.

Monobia auomala Hal'.ss. Vespides, I, 96, 3 ; pi. xv, fig. 4 (1852).

Hab, Brazil. (Typus in mus. Dom. Gucrin Meneville.)

Division II.

Labial palpi composed of three articles ; the 3d carrying at its
extremity a 4th rudimentary article, soldered to the 3d, difficult
to distinguish, embodied with it, and armed with stiff hairs like
the extremity of the 3d.

A. Abdomen conical; (he first segment wide and truncate.
Hinder j^orlion of (he metathorax bordered by trenchant
ridges and armed on each side with a dentiform angle.

This type establishes the transition to Odynerus from the
subgenus Odynerus, properly called, to Rhynchium, by its
quadrate thorax and its conical abdomen.

5. M. qiiadridens Linn.— Valida, nigra, capite et thorace valde
punctatia; clypeo piriformi, apice % bidentato, 9 biangalato; abdo-
niine conico; pronoti macalia 2, post-scutello et abd. primo aegmento
supra, albidis ; % minor, clypeo albido.

MONODIA.

133

re.s7»a 4-f/rn.* Lixs. Syat. Nat. II, Of), 15 (17ti7).— Amces Acad. VI, 413

.MuKLLEK, Kd. Liu. II, 881, 15. — Curiht Ilyuieii., 234. — Illiarr,
Cum p. 1 118. rari«r., 30, 92.

Vespa uiiehiata Fahr. Ryst. Kut., 307, 22 (1775).— Syst. Piez., 259, 31.'
Ouv. Kntiycl., VI, G85.

Vespa ciuctn-nigrti Dkokek. Mem. Ins. Ill, 583, 8; tab. xxix, fig. 12.

0<li/neru» uiicliKituit Lkp. St. Farg. Ilym., II, G19, 9.

Odi/nerus ijuadriden* Say, Bost. Joiim., I, 38(), 3; Kd. LbContb, II, 766, 3.

Mtmohia qnadridenx Sacbr. Vespides, I, 97, 4; III, 168.

Monobia uncinala Sauss. Ibid. I; pi. xvi, fig. 1 (bad figure).

Total length, 20 mm. ; wiug, 17 mm.

Large. Head densely punctured, often prcRPnting on the
vertex a little depression. Thorax densely punctured ; j)rothnrax
with a slender margin; mesothorax offering above the scutelium
two distinct grooves; scutelium feebly convex, hut little divided,
post-scutel subdivided, not crenulate; metathorax Blightly re-
tracted, offering on it.s posterior face a subconcave furrow, very
finely striate, distinctly margined (at least at bottom) and armed
on each side with a spine. (The upper ridges are often a little
effaced by the punctures.) Abdomen smooth, ovalo-conical,
covered with fine scattered punctures; the first segment perfectly
sessile, truncated l)efore, punctured on its anterior face, as wide
as the 2d and divided by a groove on its upper face ; the 2d
quite strongly punctured with separated points, more and moi'e
dense toward the posterior border.

Insect black, shining; two great spots on the prothorax, the
post-scutel and the first segment of the abdomen above, whitish.
Wings of a black violet.

9. Clypeus black, pyriform, punctured, terminated by two
dentiform, diverging, carinated anjrles.

%. Clypeus whitish, margined with black, terminated by two
separated teeth, divided by a wide slightly concave border.
Antennae terminated by a hook.

' The description of Linnfus is incomplete, that of Fabricius touched
with error, and the name has two typographical faults in the Syst. Piez.
Yet there can I e no doubt regarding the species. Liniiu has counted as
teeth the two angles at bottom ofmetuth.nrux which receive the articulation
of the abdomen. Fabricius does not notice the metathoraoio teeth,
doubtless because the abdomen, raised and pressed against it, concealed
them from his sight.

184

IIVMENOI'TERA OF AMEIUrA.

[I'AUT I.

^

Var. Sculol mid inotatlmnix with two wliitish spots.

licHH. a. (Ii(f. — The Monohia 4-drnn is voiy (JitlU'ult to distin-
guish from tiie Oihjncrun bidcuH ; however, oiitr can niways
recognizo it — 1st, hy its clypciis uniicd witli tW') teetii %, wilii
two wuliciit aiigh's 9; 2d, l)y its ahdoiiK ii, punctured more
strongly and tiiroughout, cspcciuliy on the untorior lace of tho
lirst segment and upon the sceond which docs not oiler an arcuate
hand of strong ])unclnrcs along lis border; 'id, hy its maxillary
palpi whi(;h have hut live articles and the labial having the 4lh
uriiele rudimentary nnd soldered upou the third. C'oujpare also
Odi/iici'us quadrineclHs,

I/<d). The United States. A .^iiecics common in all tho
eastern jtart of the country.

I possess a great nuudter of specimens t;d\en in all the Eastern
States, in New Kngland (Norton), in Illinnis (W'llch, Kenui-
eott), in Tennessee (Freudenreieh-Faleonnn Kuchs), in South
Carolina, Louisiana (author), Florida (Norton).

L>. Abdomen ovalo-conival ; the first ifcf/vwut more rounded, less
trunvaf' h-ns .hcsxHc. Mvlnlhorax ruwidi'd; (V.s concavitjj
not borut red above by trenchant ridges.

a. Oh each side of mctnlhorax a dentiform an^lf.

6. 9t, angulosu Saiss. — Valida, iiii;ra, punctata; ilypeo J piiiformi,
puiK'tato, inlere striato, sul>bicariiiato, apii-o biangulato, 'J, apice
truiicato ; uietaiioto velulino, bidi-iitato, fxoavatioiie punctata instructo,
iiulloiuoilo acuti) iiiargitiata; al)il()iuiiie ovato-eoiiico, strict'O, iiietannti
angnlis ntrinqiie fasuia latei-ali anraiitiaoa; gt>nil)us, tibiis et tar.sis
prjecipii" anti(-i.s, testaueo-variis ; alirt fiisco-cyaiieis.

% . Anteimis sul)tu3 I'orrugiiieis, scapi fascia llava ; tarsis snbtus sulfureis.

Monobiaanyuluna Sachs. Vfsjjides, I, 08, (J; pi. xv, fig, 5 (1852) ; III, 109.
Total lengtii, 23 mm. ; yfing, 18 mm.

fiargc. Clypcus strongly punctured, almost in striai ; pyri-
fonn, at the extremity truncate, almost biangulate. l>etween tho
antenme is a kind of tubercle, grooved above. Metatliorax form-
ing on each side a com))ressed tooth ; the concavity a little striate
and punctured, but the .superior edges elfaccd ; roughly punctured.
Head and thorax densely j)uncturcd ; the metathorax \i'vy rugose
above. Abdomen conical as among the true Ilhynchium, .shining,
puiu;tures scattered; the border of the 2d segment and the fol-
lowing on tho contrary very densely punctured, dull.

MONdHIA.

I8ft

the

Body hluck with prniy-silky ri'lkrthdis. Two sjiots on iiietii-
thoiT.x |»n»loiig('(l as linos on tlic iiilcrioi ridfit-.s, pal*' oraiijje-yel-
low.oi'yL'lIow. Winjishhick, with violacuous rfflcdioiis. (Mcxlct).)

r«/*. a. Tarsi and anterior til)iie rather ft'rriif,nn(tns 'V\w. first
alidouiinal fvgiijcnt adorned on each side with uyeMowish margin.
(Jirazil.)

/• Maiidil)los and extremity of clypeus brown fernijrinous.

f. Motathorux l)hiek; only its inferior ridges yellow. (Snrinam.)

</. Tiie inetalhorac'ic ca\ ity more or lenn punctnrei],

1. Smnller, Clypeiis black, iiuiietnred, rather short ; its infe-
rior border ))roa(lly truncate, or a little coneuvc^ with its angles
rather projecting. Anteiune slender, armed with a terminal
hook; benealii ferrnginoiis; the scape with a yellow line. Often
a yellow Hpot between the untenniv. Anterior tmir^m of jtro-
thorax rather concave. The angles of the melathorax blunt.
"Wing scales brownish. Tarsi suli)hur-yellow, with a brown line
on their siijx-rior fact;. (Hra/.il.)

/i('.-:.s. (I. dill'. — This is suHieiently distingnislied from M. bian-
gidata by its mon; riigo-it! elypeiis and the punctuation of its
abdomen, for in this the border of segments 2d and \U\ is
shining, testac(!ou.s ; and the segments yd-oth are not uioro
punctate than th(i 1st and '-'d.

Hub. .Mexico (Orizaba) and South America.

T. Itff. 1)iaiiHiilata n. sp. (FiR. 12, 12fj.)—Vali(la, nigra, punctata; .1/.

(ini/ii/o.itp. atrniissiiiia ; inetiiiiolo valil« f xcaviUo, fovniila iiitiiia ti'iiuitcr
punctata Instructo et utrinijUB anmilato ; macula fidntali et sulialari,
pniu'to post-oculari, niaculi.s '2 iiictaiioti fasciaqiie intt'rriipta in pronoto
et abdomiuis segineutornin niargine 1, 2, fulvin; ali^ fusou-cjraueis.

Total length, 19 nun. ; wing, IG mm.

9. Larj^e. Head and thorax cribrose with punctures; meta-
thorax velvety, offering a circular concavity, deep, smooth, and
finely punctured, but which is not bordered at tlie summit except
by some dei)ressed ridges; on each side a sliarj) dentiform angle
is placed without the concavity. Abdomen .'^nwooth, sericeous,
ovalo-eonical ; the first segment a little narrower than the second,
rounded ; the 2d and 3d segments both offering along their border
a line which Hu'm.s a separation like a second border.

Insect black, clothed with n fine gray pile. Scape of the
antenuiE more or less ferruginous beneath. A spot un the face.

i;iG

IIYMKNtil'lKUA OP AMKUICA.

[I'AHT I.

u |iiiiiit bi'liiiul tliu siiiiitiiit ofi'tifh oyc, two spots or nii itu't>tii|ilt'lu
border on prolliorax, it h|ioI under tliu wiiif: mid two un nietii-
tlinrax, pule yellow; lirst ulidoniiiial He^ineiit ornamented witii u
lMird(;r (it'tlie nuuh! color, interrupted in the niiddU^ and extendin^^
ulon^ thu sides; the 2d and .'(d havin)^ their border brownish, tho
2d beyond l)einj? ornainentod wiih a pule yellow border, intor-
rnpted and sul)inur^inal. (Oxtu 2d and 'M spotted with yellow;
anleri))r tibiiu and tarsi varied with ferrii^'inoiis ; the hair of tho
legs a little gtdilen. Win^;>i brown, with violet rellections.

Jicna. a. dip". — This Monnhia differs from M. nnrjulnna by its
clypeua, which presents u Hat snrface, bordered by two litllo
arcuate, foir't'rgent ridffcs, which end in nieetinff the two denti-
form terminal aiijrles of the clypeus, which approach nearer than
with the M. (iiKjiilnaa, where tho ridfres are siraijiht; 2d, by
the deeper concavity of the nietathorax; od, by tlic; structure of
tile border of segments 2, J], of which one sees no trace in the
M. nnyiilosa.

llah. The torriil parts of Mexico.

S. IVI. iiigripciiiiiM n. sp. — Vnlida, nigra, valde cril)rnta ; clypeo 9
apicH l)iileiitat(>, fulvo-niarginato ; luetaiioto lugoso, liideiitato, fuveula
punctata, scd baud acute inaigiiiata inntructo, alis nigris.

Total luugth, 2U mm. ; wing, 16 mm.

9. Large. Appearance of a 7?/i»/»r/(/»m. Clypeus pyriform,
convex, cribrose with coarse i)its, terminated by two dentiform
angles. Head and thora.x densely and coarsely cribrose ; back
convex; anterior iiuirgin of prothorax crested ; jmst-scutel punc-
tured above; its posterior face coinciding with (he truncation of
the nietathorax. This last rugose ; its concavity distinct, punc-
tured, but not inclosed; its upper edges eflaeed by the rugosities;
on each side is a spiniform tooth. Abdomen conical, very densely
punctured, velvety ; the lirst segment nearly as wide as the second,
anteriorly truncate, but not presenting any distinct edge; the 2d
moderately long; those following not being more strongly punc-
tured.

Insect entirely black, velvety; its hairs black; the feet only a
little grayish ; a spot on upper part of mandibles and a line along
the latero-inferior borders of clypeus, tawny. Wings black, their
terminal border only, a little whitish.

Ress. a. diff. — This insect much resembles the Monobia api-

MONdlilA.

i:)7

rnliprnnt'i^ mid is (liHtiiijfuiHlictl fnun it hy the two spiiirs «if iIk;
iiictalimrii.v, liy tin- |((ist-sc(iltl witiiniit iiiiy crcsl, \iy its wIiikh
of wliicli liio t'Xlrciiiity has Itiit very JiKJc wliili', etc.

Jluh. The hut it'giuiis of Muxico. I huvt; lukfu u s|iufiuu'ii
near Tami-icu.

li, Metallwrtix without ilistincl apini/orm unijlvn.

IK M. a|»iculi|i«>lllliM Sauhh.— Nigrn, oapite t>l tliurn<,-»> (iHiiHiHHimo
iniiictiitis ; iilMloiiiiiitt oviito, velutiiio, tonuitHr puiiutntn, s«<giii«<iit(>ruiu
iiiiirgiiit) imiilo tlisliiuttiiirt ot dHiisius punctiito; rapitti siiti-t miiiiito;
ulypco tniiiciito, siil)l)i(lttiiUit(i ; lliorfict) uiitiuc piiiilo coiinttati), liiaiiKii-
lato ; p«st-Hi!utello panliiin triiiisverwim (iristiito, posticn truiiuiito;
iiietiiiKiti) lii'vi, triiiicnlr), liitn, riigoHO, in in(!<]ii) fovcola licvi iiistriictii,
Heil iilii(|iu) rotiiiidato, cniitliirt iiulliH, tit imiIIiiiikmIi) liiilmtati); clypKO,
iiiiiiiililiiilis, s])iiti<> poHt-ociilnri, aiitciinnniiii Hcapo Kiil)tiis, tiliiis aiitiiis
antictt, tarsJH aiiticis apiue uiiguibutttiue, rulU ; &\\a nigris, apiuu all)i<liri.
9 . Longit, 10 iiiiu.

Monoltla upiculipciinls Sadbs. VespUl., I, 98, 5 ; pi. xv, fig. C (III, 1G8, var.f)

Hub. South Aiii'ricu, (Typus in actoris imisco,)

This s|)rc'ic'8 (lilVcrs IVoin the J/, nitjriprnnis, hy its Ktrougly

anji'ulatt! prolhorax and by its rounded nictatliorax.

(I fontid in Mexico one of tlie ApUlui wliidi tuukl very easily

bo coid'ounded witli this Monubia.)

C. AhtJomen di(jhthj /uniform, evhtrginfj as far ax (he cj-lrcmifi/
of l/ie 2d .^('(jmciU; the l.s7 scgmtud a li/tlc. J'unnel-slidjx'd,
divided by a feeble longitudinal groove. Thorax lengthened.

These insects luive the appearance of Mnntezuniia and one
would readily confound that with those of this genus, were it not
for the rudiment of the 4th article of the labial palpi. They form
the transition from Montezumia, and one can almost class these
with that genus from the fornuition of their body; however, the
structure of their palpi, their sessile abdomen having the first
segment in form of a bell rather than funnel-shaped and al)ove all
tlieir nietathornx excavated and bidentate, assigns them their
place among the Monobia.

10. M. variallilis n. sp. — Ferrnginea, dense punctata ; clypeo snbbi-
dentato ; metanotti ferniginosn, foveohl striata et utrinquo dente instruoto ;
abdomine basi aiicusliore, SHijniento prinio flavo-limbato ; capita et
mesonuto iiigi-o-variis ; alis obsouris, violasoentibus.

Total length, 18 niiii. ; wing, 15 mm.

138

IIYMENOPTEllA OF AMERICA.

[PAllT I.

9. T-'orms of a Montezinnia. Clypeus pyriforiii, strongly
l»uiH'tiiiT(l, Itii'iirimilo Iiiterally, Icnuiiiatcd by two uiiglos or teetli.
Jlfiul tiiid thorax very (U-iisely ^tuiicturcd ; vertex ofl'orinj^ a
(kpivssion on its liiiidcr part. Tiiorax ratlier elongate, slightly
velvety ; nielathorax exteiuling a little beyond the sciitelliini,
very coarsely and densely jmiietiired above, wrinkled, velvety ;
its concavity striate, limited by edges, not very ap|)arent, because
of* the convex form of the i\\ o superior cheeks of the mctathorax ;
and offering on each side a denlilorin angle. Abdomen silky,
almost velvety, punctured; its wiiltli augmenting as far as tht;
cxtrenuty of the 2d segment; first segment narrower than the
second, slightly funnel-shaped, and divided above by a groove;
margin of the 2d a little bordered and densely punctured, as also
those following.

Insect ferruginous. Antenmu black above in their second
nntiety ; face varied with black; forehead and vertex black, with
a ferruginous arc. Thorax varied with black beiicath; nu'sotho-
th(»rax varied with black above on a red ground (or black varied
with ferruginous); alxlomeii fulvo-velutinous, silky; base of 2d
segment obscure; border of the 1st yellow. Wings brown, with
golden and \lolet rellections.

ii'cs'.s. a. (lijf. — This species much ioscn»bles the M. egregia, but
the 1st segment of the abdomen is longer and the metathoracic
concavity is smaller and less flattened. The metathorax is more
convex at sunnnit and the thorax is more punctured. The colors
are, without doul)t, varial)le. it has much the same form as M.
californica, but the budy is much more punctured ; the abdomen
dijusely so.

Uab. Mexico. Oriental part. 1 caught a 9 in the valley of
Cordova.

II* M. egregia Sauss. — Statuife M, variahil'ia et lUi coiiformis ; rieiise
pniK-tiitii; nii'tiiiioto suprii miiuis convexo, fovt-ola latiore, valde striata
lUrinqne dentu iiiiiiata ; nlxlominis iniiiio seguiento breviore, aiitico
trmnato; cnpitH, tlioiacn et alxl. piiiiio scitiiuiiito, iiigris ; scgnit'iitis
leliiinis rulis ; clypeo, :iaiulil)iilis, aiiteiinis, orliitis et in verticw fascia
arcuata, pronoti), si-utt-llis, temilis, lineolis '/ jnt^sonoti, macula subalari,
linnnlis 2 ill nit^tanoti eanthia, tiliiis, tartsis abdomiuisque gegtiientorum
liinbo, aurantiacis ; alirt ft^rrngineis. 9-
Vnrint. I'ronoto rtavo-inaiifinato.

Monnh'-ti ('(jreijia Sauss. Vespiiles, III, 1G8, GO; pi. iv, fig. 5, 9 (l^i64).

llab. The Antilles?

NORTON! A,

139

of

Gen. I¥ORTOIVIA (Mini).

Mandibles Iciigtheiied, dciitato or lol)ate.

Lip luid Jmvn lengthont'd ; liii)iiil piili)! ooK-posod o^ four
articles ; the (irst tlirco uruiod with long linirs ; uiaxillary palpi
composed of nix articles.

('h/peux pyriforni, triincatn or cmnrginato.

Ah<h,iuen having its first spgnu-nt n-tracted, funnci-^hapcd or
snbcanipannlate, sul)l)identat(' in tin- middlr.

Mctathorax short, ooiivox, its groove shallow, flattened behind,
its lateral edges distinct.

The reniai.uler as in the Montezumia.

I'liis type establishes the transition of OdijueruH to Eume)ies.

The organs of the nioiitli arc almost the same as in h'lnncves
and (>(h/in'rnt<, bnt the body has tlu' form to which it inelines in
3fi>iilrTiiinni, the first segment being funnel-shaped, not sessile, as
in ndijrcrufi, bnt not contracted into a petiole as in Eumcucs.

1. ^, iiiteriiiCMlia Sai-ss.

Odi/iicrui iiilennvdiuH Sauss. Vesjiide-s, I, If)'), 39; pi. xvii, fig. I, III, 224
(1852).

JInb. Southern Europe.

!2. X. syiMluorplia t^Ai-ss. — Nitjrn, nitida, di-n^H imiiftata; clypt'o 9

siibciiiaigiiuito, '^ iiit-'s'io llavo; aiittMinis sulitus tV-iruxiimis, Hcapo ^
fascia llava ; iimsonoto liisiil(^it(), inctanoto iiicilio foveolato, pronofo
nifdio al)douiinisqnH s^muentoriuii UiiiIk) ^ 1-3, 9 1, 2, liinl)n, Havis;
segmeiitis 2, 3 niargine suldflteso ; lil)iis et tar:>is llavis ; alls fusc;)-
violacuis.

Odijiierus symmoridtus Sauss. Vespiilcs, III, 24(), 110 (18.'34).

Total length, 17 iiiiii. ; wing, 14 una.

$. riypens i)laek; oval, convex, pnnctnred; its inferior border
channelled, terminated by a slender and sliini'ig, sniiemargiinite,
subbilol>ate lamina; between the antennic a little transverse
tubercle or carina. On tlie vertex is a transverse depression.
Thorax niod(<rate, ovate. Head and thorax punctured and
clotln'd with a ferruginous pile; mesothorax nnuked on the
l)osterior part of its disk with two or four longitudinal grooves;

140

HYMENUPTERA (»P AMKHIPA.

[I'AUT I.

niotnthorax small, very strongly niul densely piincttirod, offering
in till' Miiddle a little exeav iitioii, distinctly striate. Alxloinen
smooth, shining; the first segment I'linnel-sliaped, sulieanipanu-
late, subpediculate, bidcntate, strongly punetured and divided
above by a distinct groove ; bonier of the second and following
segments densely punctured; the margin of the second and third
slightly upturned.

Insect black, shining. Antenmu ferriiginons beneath. Wing
scales ferruginous, at times nnirked with yellow. A point behind
each eye, a mark on middle of prothora.x and border of segnient.s
1, 2, yellow; the border of tlie first enlarged in the middle;
border of third segment pieeous; tibise and tarsi yellow. Wings
of a transparent brown, with beautiful violet relleetions.

%. (-'lyi)eus wide, truncate, yellow. A nmrk im the front and
a line on the scape of antenme, yellow; their hook ferrug-uous;
the third abdominal segment often bordered with yellow.

r«r. No spot on the front, nor yellow border on the second
abdominal segment (Florida).

I/iih. The eastern United States, Florida, New York, Con-
necticut (:} 9, 3 i, E. Norton).

•I. IV.Toltem n. sp. (Fig. 1^, IHa.) — Ferrupinea, fulvo-hirsntn, sparse
puiiutato-ciilirata; clypt'O Idileutato; tlioraic 9 <liliitato, latis.^iiuo,
Miaxiino, (lepresso; % iiorr>Hli ; nlnlomiiie vehitino, puiictato, priiiio
gfgineiito iiiri)nililiiilif()niii, supra liiiea iiiiprt^ssa partitu; Hecuuilo diiplo
latiorn, uiargine lell^xo; anteiiiiiH ultra 4'" articuliuu Hujira iiigiis; nli^
feiTUgineis, lVe(iu«iiler i-yimoscciitilHis.

Variiit, Vertice, ini'sonoto, thorate subtus, alid. sogmentia basi, iiigris ;
segtnt'iitis flavo-limtiatis; corpore flavo luaculato.

^. Miuor; tlypuo polygoiiali, llavo ; antoiuiaiuiu UMuiiio ferrugiueo.

9 . Total Iciigtli, 22 mm. ; wing, 17 mm.
^ . Total length, 18 mm. ; wing, I',] uim.

9. Insect very stout, wide and depressed. Labial palpi com-
posed of four articles; the fourth quite small; the nui.xillary, of
his. articles, the 2d and :{d long and slender; the last three snnill.
Clyi)eus pyriform, wide, punctured, nifering two little obtuse
niammillie; its inferior nuirgin thinnecl, armed w'lvn two littlo
separated liimellatc te(;th. IJetweeu the antenmu is a transverse
carina, almost forming a little tubercle. Thorax strongly de-
pressed, very wide, much wider than high, wider than the al)do-
nien. Scutellum and post-scutel Hat ami depressed; nietathorax

NOUTUNIA.

141

rounded ; its cheeks, not dilated, separated by a cavity without
distinct margin; on each side of njctatiunax, the lateral edge is
quite distinct. Head narrower than thorax. Abdomen strongly
retracted at the base of the second segment ; the first subpedicu-
lutc at the base, and suddenly enlarged, i)arted by a feebly exca-
vated line near its border; secontl segment and often the third
having their border feebly upturned. Head and thorax shining,
wholly cribrose and throughout bristling with a thick tonientose,
orange, or ferruginous pile. The punctures are a little separated
and tlie nietathorax hardly rugose, but shining and punctured,
like the rest of the thorax. Abdomen velvety, satin-like.

Insect ferruginous ; some varying black colors in the sutures
of the thorax and on th.e vertex. Antenna) black above, beyond
the fourth article. Mesothorax often black with two ferruginous
lines, either arcuate or terminating with a hook. Base of the
abdominal segments often blackish and their border often yellow.
Legs ferruginous with the tarsi yellowish. Wings ferruginous,
washed with gray, with their terminal border margined with
brown, and brilliant with beautiful golden reflections. Wings
ferruginous or grayish, with purple reflections.

% . Smaller ; offering nothing very striking'in form, the thorax
not being inordinately wide as in the 9; puncturation a little
stronger. Face oilering a little vertical cariiui, which extends to
a little frontal tubercle on the clypeus ; nietathorax more rugose,
garnished with a pile of gray hair; body a little .less hirsute,
thorax shorter; abdomen more slender; the first segment more
lengthened, almost |)yriform ; more strongly punctured.

Clypeus yellow, polygonal ; its inferior border with two little
separated teeth. Hook of the antenme ferruginous ; ori)ils often
bordered with yellow, scape? e*" the antenna; often yellow beneath.
Face, vertex, mesothorax, and middle of nietathorax ofton black;
border of the secon<l and third segments strongly ui)turned; all
the abdominal segments bordered with yellow. Wings subhya-
line or amber colored or smoky, with violet reflections.

Var. 9%. — a. The thorax underneath black; abdomen either
ferruginous or having the segments bordered with yellow.

6. Black ; mandibles, lip, a spot beneath the antennte, and a
line behind the eye, yellow; prothorax ferruginous, with a yellow
mark in the middle ; two dots on the-scutel and post-scutel yel-
low; nietathorax ferruginous ou both side, with its inferior edges

142

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[I'AHT I.

yellow ; border of segments 1-3 yellow, the following fernijriiious;
the sides of the .second segment chestnut-brown or ferruginous.
(Cordovn.) The color.s are very viiriahlo.

c. (Highly-colored livery.) Forcdieud and vortex black, with a
yelluw spot between the antcnnie. Thorax blackish or black,
with the prothornx, two lines on the mcsothorax, two spots or a
band on the .scutcl, and the sides of metathorax, rufous; post-
seutel yellow. The llr.st abdominal segment blackish, with two
rufous .spots, or a band, and the hind margin yellow ; the rest
of the abdomen brown-rufous, with yellow margins. Feet black
at base. Wings smoky, of a blackish-yellow with a golden
reflection. — %, Clypeus yellow, with a rufous shading.

lic>,». a. diff. — The females are remarkable for the flatness of
the scutels and of metathorax ; for the separated punctures and
the body hirsute with tawny hair almo.st as among the hairy
insects. As regards color this exactly resembles the Odi/Herus
tubercttliceps, and approaches very much the Monlezumia Jirasili'
ensis and macrocephala in form and in the ferruginous color.

Jfab. The hot and the temperate regions of Mexico. I havo
taken diverse specimens of this interesting insect in the valley of
Meztitlan (^eastern Cordillera), at Morelia, and at Pazcuaro
(Michoucan).

Gen. RII¥!VCi: ' '^I Latr.

Hi/gchiiim SiMXOLA, Latk., Say, Lep., St. l>ARa.
Rhyuchiiim Sauss.

This genus is so unnatural, that if one did not feel the necessity
of separating as nuiny sjx'cies as possil)le from the large genus
Odi/neruH, I should luive abandoned it.

Indeed the lihi/nr/iiiim only difl'cr from the Odijnerus by their
larg<! size, in the conical form of the abdomen, and in the length-
ening of the maxillary palpi, (tf which the second and third joints
are long and slender, while tht; last three taken together are not
longer than the third. IJut this latter charncter seems to accord
rather with the largo size of the insect than with its peculiar
form Several Odi/neri have a tendency to this, as for instaneo
the O. luiluoiius, which, however, differs in having the first seg-
ment shrunken and the abdomen not conic. \Vc cannot say,
therefore, wliere the g(!nus is to i)e limited.

As to the eoiiic form of the abdomen, it is met with in a great

OnVNEUUS.

143

niinibor of spceios of triu' (tih/nrriis, of which, however, the l)al-
l)uliir urticuliitums diiuiiii.>li (jiiile reguluily in sizo from liio lirsl
to the liflh ((>. lntnc(Uu/<, O. tiasidens, t'te.), so that this forma-
tion is not sullifieiit to characterize tho genus.

Tiie tnu; Rlnjndiium belong espoeially to Afiieu. 1 Iviiow in
America but one .sjyeeies wliieli eun figure in tliis group ; it is the
Ith. (lurKule Fab., but oven tliis species lui.s not eiitircHy tlie same
palpi witii tho Jlhipichium, for tho iu.st tliroe articles uro too large
and tho third is relatively too short. The Oili/nernii luctuosiiH
might, from its palpi ligure us well in the genus llhi/nvhium, as
tiie Jill, domale,.

]}eside this, if tho smallness of the last three and tho lengthen-
ing of the second and third jjulpular joint should separate
generic-ally the insect so distinguished, it would be necessary to
form (piito a corresponding genus of the great African and Asiatic
Eume.neH (vide Saussure A'cspida;, I; i)l iv, fig. 2, b), and sepa-
rate g(!nerieally, y". i., the L'. conirus from the J^. rnnuijiisfalKS^
which would bt; an impossibility. I see, therefon*, no need of
adopting the gi-nus lihynchium in the description of tho Ameri-
can fauna, the utility of doing which appears tho loss as it would
only free tho genus Odynervn from one species. 1 have conse-
quently left this species in the latter genus.'

1. RIl. dorsale Fabk. — (^VUh OJynerns ilorsnlis, p. 257).

/ 0 -

Qea. ODYIVERL'M Latr.

Abdomen sessile or subsessile. Labial palpi 4-articulato.
MajciUary jjalpi G-articulate. ])fandiblex elongate, as in IJn-
vtenes, more or less toothed. The second cubital cell not petio-
lato.

This genus may be di.stinguishod by its elongated mandibles and
sessile abdomen. In numerous species, however, tho abdomen is
subpedunculatc, that is, the first segment is rather funnel-shaped,

' In vny Studies on the Familii's of llic Vis/iidip I also descriln^d as nn
American niii/nrliimn tlin lilt, limhn/iim, j). 11", -7; pi. xv, tig. l:i (not 9).
nut )!iis type, now in my possfss'on, in consi'ipience of th« aoiiuisition of
tliH coliection of the iato M. de Rr.mand, app»*ars to nie incoittestabl/
Asiatic. Like many others in this colicctiou, it bore a wrong label.

144

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMEUICA.

[pAUr I,

l)ut novor na much petioluttMi s in Eumem's, the base only of the
lirst .segment being slender, , at nil, while its extremity always
envelops tlie base of the 2tl segment. The form of the different
parts of the body is (piite variable. The thora.Y is short or elon-
gate, nngulate or rounded, the abdomen may bo thiek or slender,
quite eonical and sessile or sessile and not conieal, but ovate and
eylindrieal ; it beeomes also subpetiolate, the lirst segment being
more eup-shapitd or campanulate. The abdomen is pIso often
attenuated ant(!riorIy and posteriorly, whieh makes it spindle-
shaped, etc. Several of these forms make transitions to other
genera. In Odynerns, as in all the genera with more or less
sessile r^ Jomen, the styliform appendages at tiie end of the poste-
rior til)i!e arc not as much developed as in the petiolate genera.
The exterior spine of the hinder femora is always small. The
(hlifnrrus are distinguished : from Alaator by their wings, which
have the 2d cubital cell not petiolate upon the radial cell; from
riernchilus by their labial palpi, comparatively small and not
pectinate or f<'athery; from Moutczumia by a different facies and
by the composition of their palpi; from Monubia only by the
formation of the palpi.

It is to Xorlonia, that these insects have the most similarity.
They differ by their less petiolate abdomen (really not petiolate)
and by the emarginate or variable metathorax, which in Norlonia
renniins as in Enmown, convex and stubbed.

Nevertheless it would be difficult to set a distinct limit between
Odynerus and the most closely allied genera. == Ex.: —

I'rnnaitions to Ahutor. — In most species of Odynerus the 2d
cubital cell has a little radial edge whieh makes it very distinct
from Alaator, but in some intermediate types the 2d cubital cell
becomes (piite triangular, only touching the radial cell with its
anterior angles. This is really quite a transition to Alaslor, but
we keep the intermediate types in the genus Odynerus, reserving
for the genus Alaslor only the species in which the 2d cubital
cell is distinctly petiolate upon the radial cell.

Transitions to Pterocfnlus. — In the subgenus Epipona, the
thorax becomes short and rounded, the abdomen oval and de-
))ressed. The whole insect assumes quite the appearance of a
Flcrochilus and can only be distinguished by its normal labial
palpi.

Transitions to Monobia. — As said above, the two genera can

ODYNEllLS.

145

only be (listiiif?iiisli(Ml l)y the coiiiposition of tlic palpi, wliicli ar»^
not 4- and (l-jointcd in Monuhia, as in (fili/ncn(».

IVansitions to Montezumia. — A few Odyncri take the appear-
ance of Montezumia, tiie first abdominal sej^nient beeoniiiij? (piite
funnel-shaped (0. tdpu'.naix, etc.). Jn this cast- they can only be
distinguished by the examination of the palpi. Ikit in general
the fades is very dilfcrmt in Odynerus.

Transitionft to Norfonia. — A nund)er of Odynerus have the
abdomen subpetiolate, the fir.st alxhuninal sej^ment becoming
elongate. This is especially the case in the species of the sub-
genus Odyneriiit, Division llijjmlynerus. These form a regular
transition to Nortonia, and arc only distinguished by their
appearance and more angulate nietathorax ; the first segment has
also a more triangular, depressed, and gil)I)ons form, not being
funnel-shaped in the saiiu' way. In Koi'louia it is jiropeily
funnel-shaped. In JIi/podi/nfriiH a sort of petiole only is fornnd
i)y the (Ulterior face of the lirst aljdoiiiinal segment. Norlonia is
(piite intermediate between (hli/neruH and J-Jintwiies, while J/i/po-
dyneniii (piite connects itself with Odijnrruit by decided traiisi-
tion.s, and has the thorax very diiferent from Eumenen. Indeed
in Nortonia the petiole cannot be doubted when the abdomen is
elevated; while in JL/pUli/ncni,^, when the abdomen is raised,
the anterior face of the first segment is ajijtlied against the meta-
thorax and fits against it, and one can only see the upper f'ac(! of
the .segment, which is rpiite trausverse and which causes the
abdomen to ap])ear quite sessile.

Though it is not possible to define a trenchant limit between
Nortovia and Oilipierus, yet as the most changeable types arc
not American, it would l)e superfluous to insist upon this point.

Gi'ogra])/iical didribiUion. — The genus Odi/ncrus is much the
greatest among the Yespidic, and, in a philosophical point of view,
one might take it for the stem of the family.

Judging by the numerous speeies which have been found in the
countries already explored; by the number known in North
America and in Eurojie ; 1)}' the numerous species which have
resulted from my rtjsearches in Mexico (although I could only
give to it very little time), and by what other travellers have
brought from various parts of the world, it is beyond doubt that
there exist more than a thousand species of Odynerus, and
10

14G

nYMKN(trTKllA OF AMEllICA.

[I'AHT I.

Hcrliiips iH'iirly doubk' tliis miinhcr, for there is no n'},'ioi» of the
ghil)»' which <h)t's not oiler an uljiinihince of lliose inseels.

Thcrfforc iho pnispect of the future lends ii.s to see riche.s
whieh I)}' their very aljundiinee will bring the entomologist to
desperation in keeping the gttnus Odynerus out of a general ehaoH.

Among the so various forms of this group, some are chiirac-
teristie of general zoological groups, \vhi(;h form natural suhdivi-
Kions of the genus. These forms present themselves on several
continents and are not peculiar to all the species of one continent.
Other forms are, on the contrary, so to speak, mere geographical
impressions, which belong to particular region.s of the glolic,
which stamp their character upon all the sjx'cics of those locali-
ties, through all the genera, but are not to be founil in other
countries.

Examjilcs of modification in the. fir hI way. — (General zoolorji-
cat modification, special to one or several genera, but not peculiar
to one country.)

a. The nuMJification of the first segment of the abdom(>n. taking
a transverse sutun* (sul)g(tnus Anciatroccriis and Si/niiiiorfi/ms)
is to be found on the whole glol)e. It forms quite a zoological
group, repeated in Odijnerus and in Alastor.

I). The modilication of the antenna) of the males simple, not
taking a terminal hook. This is to bo found amid the Odi/neri
with a sntural lirst segment, in Si/niniorjdins. 'J'he Siniiiiior/i/nin
are spread over the norlheru hemisphere, mixed up with Udyncri
having hooked antenna).

('. This sam<i character of the % antenna) destitute of a hook
appears also in the trite Odi/neri, where it forms the division
rachodi/nerux, but in those insects it i.s air<'ady a more geogra-
phical character, for the Pachodynerus is a special American type
spread over the new continent, and is jtarticiilarly abundant in
the central parts. But, though tpiite Anu'rican, it is not exclu-
sively a geographical group, for in America it i.s mixed with
Odyneri of other groups.

This same character also presents itself and much in the same
way in the genus A'i/»(f,'/)c.s where it forms the Division Oniicroii,
resuming the species with simple- % antenna) ajid has just the
same geographical type as rachodynerus, being only American,
but also mingled iu America with the hooked Eumenes. This

ODYNEKLS.

147

cliaraotrr is a rocrulnr zonlnprif iil (nio, for it advances together with
a tliiclv ami siiort thunix in Joth genera.

/'^.lamjiles of Ihc sccon t vvulijiiaUoo. — (Local geographical
nioilKication, not i»eouiiar to one or several genera, but quite
Hj)e(Mal t«t OIK! country,)

II. As a very striking cxi niplo in this way, one could not choose
better than in tlie group of Cliilian ^'cs^»i(he. This forms quite
a renmrkable collection of speiicv'-v all having tlie same very
striking appearance. Indci.'d, all the Chiii-Mi A'cspidie, to what,
ever genus they belong, have the vsame peculi<.r livery; bluck,
with long black hair and whitish ornaments; with ru.'bus or black
feet, rufous wings obscure at the ape.x. This livery (with its
varieties) is so striking, that one may at the first look distinguish
a Chilian species, ami this faeies is to be found in all the genera,
Odj/ncrus, GaijeUa, Ctenorhilus, Alastor, etc. The form.s of the
body, although quite varial)Ie, are also very characteristic in their
appearance. In the Chilian true Odyncnis they even become so
very peculiar that we have been forced to make for them the
Division /Iijjwili/nerun. Nevertheless this is not projjcrly a
Koo!ogi<'al group, as it is again found in all the genera, but is
evidently oidy a stamp of the country which every species of any
genus seems to receive when it has the citizenship of that
country.

I). Tile species which populate the continuation of the same
region in the north, that is, the occidental side of the Andes of
Ecuador and New Granada, have also a peculiar faeies, still
similar to that of Chili, but more approximate to the common
type of Odynerus. They arc still hirsute with long black jdle,
black-velutinous, but the ornaments are golden-yellow; the wings
are lu) longer ferruginous. The same character is also apparent
in other genera (f. i. rarhi/mcnes ventrico^ia).

r. In the Antilles the Odyneri are more marked, and lime
common forms. They taki; a rich livery, with numerous orange-
yellow bands and spots. The same modilication nmy be noticed
in all th(! other genera of Vcspidie in this region, even In the
social wasps.

(/. In the Mexican regictn there are to be found tyjies, with
dull rufous cohu's and with the margin of the 2d obdominal seg-
ment channelled and rellexed ; the Slenoibjiierus become quite
al)undunt, with a velutinous body (O. huasteciis, otomitus, etc),

143

IIYMENOITKIIA OF AMERICA.

[I'ART I.

or very cloiif?al<', imkt'il, wiili white oniamnits (totuiiarns, chi-
rhimecus, etc.). Hul nuuioruus Hpoeies liuvo ulsu the uorami
roniLS.

e.. In the T^nitfd Stiitcs, oriciilal side, the (hlyiwri ami all the
Vespidu5 tak»; the suiae chunutorri a.s in Kurupe, as to I'Dnusj unil
coloration ; except that the wiujfs are more ol)scure.

./'. In the prairies of the .'^i uthwest, the colors grow pule; the
i)lack passes into I'errnginon.'i.

(J. On the occidental coa.st the yellow ornaments hecomo
bright sulphur-yellow and cxtcMid over a gn-at jiart of the body.

'rhese consitUu'ations of the geography «)f the .species, and con-
versely on tlic niodilieations which follow their diHtril)Ulion, have
been too mucli negleeteU \\\» to this day. They havt^ a high
importance in the .study of the origin of species, and they reijuirc
the attention of entomologists, who alone can fix tlicni, for only
those who have much to d(» with numerous insects can make the
frequent and minute observations which enable one to generulizu
rules of any value. And if entomology does not do its share in
helping to elucidate the (pu^stions of natural philos()i)liy, it will
be a mere anu:scmeut of amateurs and will fall to the lowest rank
of the science.

Clatitiijication. — Notwithstanding the vastncss of the genua
Odynerus and the various forms which it oQ'ers, one cannot well
arrange its species according to Sections, which are easy to dis-
cover. This results, first from the multiplicity of the transitions
which almost iiKScnsibly al!y each form with several others, and
often conduct from one form to another in various ways; it results
also from the multitude of details of form which make their appear-
ance in the same scries, creating a great perplexity in subordi-
nating the characters to a .system. Far from being able to
establish large divisions, to be subdivided according to a regular
succession, one gets lost in nunilicrless details and exceptions
which quite disorganize the subdivisions, so that it can only l)e
defined by loose indications in which the reader becomes lost.
This I must say for excuse, if I have not given better character-
istics.

The evil would be perfectly irremediable in a general system
of the Odyneri, in which the complication would become quite a
sort of chaos, as each continent possesses its series of special
forms, with numerous ramifications, beside the general series

0UYNKU18.

149

common to most jiiirt? of ilic jrlolx'. The fvil is mncli los if
tiio tauiiu of OIK- cuiitiiit'iit, only is ('(iii^itiiTtMl.

The only jrroii|i,s uiiicli ciin lio well (Icfiiicd iirr tlic four
8ul));i>iitM'a uliici) Wesiiiiicl lias i'ltlicutod and wiiifli wo liav
adopted in oiir MtudeH Hur la FaniilU^ des VenpidcH.' Tlufso siil)-
jTciicra \\i' arc ohliyrod to siilxlivido a^raiii to justify tlu! arrange*
niciit of the spi'cies, l)iit it is prudent tu say tliat llies(> subdivisions
are very artilieial, am! that mie must not trust too niiieii to tim
delinitioiis of lliein, l)eeaiisu of tlie dillleulty f involving in tlieiii
ail tlio oxeeptioiial forms, as well an of K'^'"t» "• ^f"^' desoriptioii
of the details of the forms.

Det'ntilton «/ the nHhiif^fn.

A. Fir«t abdominal fl«»Rnient parted hy n transvHrrte Ruture.

(I. FirHt alxldininnl .-c^nient ratlicr fiiiiiiel-sliaiii'd, ])artHd hy n d(>fp
lnnf!!tiidiiial ^moovis aiituniia; of tl. iiialt'S siinpl.-, that Is, witlioiit
a tcniiilial Iidok. .S'l/m/nwryiAi/s,

l>. First ftlidoniiiial fit'cniHiit triiiicnt« at l)aHt', not part»*d \>y a deep
loiigitudiual groove; aiiteiiiiu< of tiiM iiialu.i toruiiiiated hy a liook.

Ancistrurcrus.

B. First atidoniiiial fiHcmeiit witli no tran:<THr8« flutitre.

c. Thorax inom <ir less tsquare anteriorly ; ahdoiiien conieal, oval-conical
or spiiidit'-sliaiied. OdijinruK.

d. 'I'liorax iiioro ^lobtilar or oval, round»»d posturioriy, not very snuare
anteriorly. Abdoiueii oval, Hiibse-is:ii*, inore or lesii deprcHscd, h.iving
th« same form as in Ptcrochilu* (sublentionlar). Kpijxmut.

The last two fsoctions ratlnr overlap each other; those preecd-
ing are nmr*' defined and easier to distinguish. All of the four
subgenera are represented iu North Anieri<'a. The 4th is the
only oni- which has not yet been diseovered in South Aineriea.
Although these groui)8 are not nharply defined, their respeetive
representatives can bo easily distingui.shed by the eye, if one is
thoroughly familiar with their faeies. The only very embar-
rassing types are those which unite Odynerus with Epipuuus,but
they are not American.

Deterninialinn of ihf speciett.

We must here say, that, the most important si)eeific eharaotcrs
of the Odyneri being in the metathorax, the in.seets must be pre-
pared with the abdomen bent downward, so as to leave the hinder

» Comp. this work, vol. I, p. 118-121.

IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-S)

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150

IIYMENUI'TKIIA OF A.MKUICA.

[part I.

iihi

face of nictathorax quito free, and with the wings removed side-
wise. If not prepared in tin's way, it is iinpossil>le to determine
ti\em with eertainty. Before all things, one mnst thoroughly
acquaint himself with the caaracters of the metathorax, which I
will briefly repeat for this purpose.*

In the most characteristic type, the metathorax is truncate,
together with the post-scutel ; its hinder face is excavated, and
the excavation or hinder plate is angulate, forming on each side
a lateral dentiform angle.^ The concavity is also margined with
sharp ridges. — The ridges running from the lateral angles up to
the angles of the post-scutel arc the auperior edges ; the ridges
running from the lateral angles down to the articulation of the
aI)domen, are the wferior edges. — Beside these, there is a third
sort of edge placed on the lateral faces of metathorax, running
from the lateral angles to the base of the posterior wing; these
are the lateral edges. There should be no confusion between
the superior ridges, wMch, seen from behind, may also be taken
for lateral ridges. The superior edges are often rather elevated,
and at their superior extremities are separated from the post-
scutel by a little fissure or by a notch. These characters become
more and more effaced in the series of species until the meta-
thorax becomes quite convex, rounded, destitute of ridges, except
on the lateral edges, which nearly always continue, more or less.
The superior ridges become less salient, no longer making a sort
of tooth behind the post-scutel; they then become blunted (0.
dorsalis)\ or quite effaced {0. sulfureus, 2)7'atensi.s) ; finally,
also, the lateral angles disappear. In another series the mar-
gins of the hinder plate of mesothorax are quite arcuated, and
there are no lateral angles, although the margins are very sharp
{0. Megsera, tiirpis, etc.) ; but, nevertheless, the same names can
be applied for the superior and inferior part of the marginal
ridges. These circular margins also become more and more
blunted ((). molestus), until the metathorax becomes quite con-
vex, rounded, as in the preceding case (0. leucomelas). In some
cases the lateral ridges are continued with the inferior ridges,
the superior ones being eff'aced, etc. (Numerous Slenodyneri.)

' I have noticed this in my Etufles sur la Famille des Vespides, vol. Ill,
p. 184; pi. xii, fig. 1, "-, 3.

2 Compare Oilyn. Ilidalgi, Boscii, dorsalis, nasidens, Cubensis, capra, etc.

ODYNKIIL'S.

151

In conclusion, I must add, that in most cases it is inipossii)le
to (lotorniino a species in tliis large getius with certainty, if it is
not represented by more or less numerous specimens, because the
forms of the nicsothorax are more or less varialjle in the same
species. One must also make the determination upon females,
the males l)cing less distinctly characterized. They must be
separated by the eye to their respective females.

Subgenus SYMMORFHUS' Wesm.

Body lengthened. Abdomen subsessile, the Jirnt segment funnel-
shaped, carrying a strong, transverse suture, and divided
on its superior face by a deep, longitudinal groove. Antennae
thick ; those of the males simple, ivilh no terminal hook.

The insects which enter into this group inhabit Europe and
America. They ail present quite a similarity in form, wiiich is
the reason of their name. Their body is more or less slender;
the clypeus is rounded, a little hollowed; the thorax is lengthened,
smooth, but traversed in all its length \)y two arcuate grooves ;
the post-scutel, the metathorax, and often the first segment of the
abdomen are rugose; this last, while it is funnel-shaped, is also
truncated anteriorly before the suture and is, in consequence, less
petiolate than in the Nortonia. One notices among these insects
a particular marking ; the 3d abdominal segment often loses its
))ordcring, while the 4th preserves it, and among the females the
clypeus, while it does not become wholly black, takes at the
summit a yellow medial spot and not two latcn'al spots as mostly
in Anci.'itrocerus.

The insects of this group are very easily distinguished i.^ joir
first abdominal segment iwovided with a suture and dividet' by
a longitudinal groove. They share this character with the
Nortonia only — the short thorax, the rounded metathorax, the
more pediculate abdomen, and the absence of the suture of the
first segment of which, suffice for a distinction.

' In my Etudes sur la Famille des Vecpides (T. Ill, p. l^fJ), I liave
substituted the name of Protodynerus for that of Syramoi-phus, under the
belief that the name Symiiiorpha had been employed during the same
.year. But as the two terms are not absolutely identical, it seems best to
me to piuserve the so-well-chosen name which Mr. Wesmael proposes.

152

IIYMKNOJ'TKUA OF AMEIUCA.

[part I.

One iiiitls in Aniorica and in Europe sonic coi'rexjjomling
spoeies, so to speak, wliich reproduce in eaeli country the same
fonus and tlie same distribution of colors.

a. Sef/me7its 1-4 of the abdomen bordered with yellovK

1. S. If alsliiailll8 n. ^p. — Niyer, puiictatus, gracilis, postscutello ct
luetaiicto rugosis ; luesonoto sparsf, scutello crassius, abdominis priino
segmento grossH, punctatis ; puiicto frontali et post-oculari, maiuiiis 2
pronoti, 2 sentelli et utriiique 1 subalari, tegulis abdominisque segnieu-
torum 1-4 limbo, flavis ; tibiis et tarsis llavis ; alia fusco-nebjilosis.

y. Macula iu summo clypeo flava. *f / , ' .

Total length, 12 mm. ; wing, 10 ram.

ill

9.
form
base

Of a larger size than the 0. PMladelphise, but of a similar
Clypcus bideiitate, punctured, and rugose toward the
Thorax less lengthened than in tiio species cited above.
Prothorax finely rininied but not bidentate. Head and thorax
quite densely punctured ; the punctures effaced on the summit
of the mesothorax, which bears only some scarce punctures and
which is traversed by two grooves in its whole length. Clypeus
cribrose with points which are coarser, but separated and few,
indistinctly divided by a groove. Post-scutel and raetathorax
very rugose ; the first presents, on its anterior border, a feeble,
rugose, divided projection, which does not extend as far as the
angles. Plate of the nietathorax strongly rimmed but not biden-
tate. Abdomen shining. The first segment coarsely cribrose
above with large punctures and divided by a groove; its suture
very strong; the first moiety of the 2d segment, its extremity,
the 3d, and the 4th, punctured.

Insect black, clothed with a short grayish pile. A spot on
the summit of the clypeus, a mark between the antenna), a little
point behind the summit of the eyes, an interrupted lino on tlie
scape of the antenna;, two spots on the prothorax, one beneath
the wing, two on the scutellum, and the border of the segments
1-4 yellow; the bordering of iho first two a little festooned,
especially that of the first, which is a little enlarged in the middle.
Wing scale yellow, with a testaceous point. Legs black; knees,
tibia), and tarsi yellow; the last article of the tarsi brownish.
Wings smoky, with light violet and golden reflections.

The markings are of a golden yellow.

%. Unknown.

^^

l.A

( fuPV

ODYNERUS.

153

Eess. a. diff. — This species diirors from the 0. Philadelphiue
in its greater size, its more coniiik'te iiiarl<iug, the 3(i scgiiH'iit
of the abdomen being bordered with yelluw ; in its yellow wing
scales, tibia), and tarsi, in its tliorax, less lengthened, and not
bidentate upon its anterior angles ; in a slightly diil'erent pune-
turation.

One could say tliat the 0. Walxhianus is the American repre-
sentative of the O. gracilis Wesm., an entirely corresponding
species of Europe, a'though smaller, and more oriianitMited with
yellow, having a more slender thorax and a bidentate protluirax.

The O. Walshianus is quite intermediate between the 0. cras-
sicornis and the 0. graciliff, both in the forms and size, but its
yellow markings are less extended, as may be observed in general
of the American spcc'es.

It differs from the O. pumilus in its greater size, in its hvss
slender form, in its prothorax which is not bidentate, in its first
abdominal segment which has the superior face twice as wide as
long, etc.

JIab. The United States. Illinois.

I possess but one female, sent by Mr. Benj. D. Walsh, to whom
I dedicate the species. ,

6. Segment/! 1, %, 4 of the abdomeit bordered with yelloto. '\^'''~ ^ •v'C ♦ ^ "^

3. S. PtlilackelpUiaD Sauss. — Niger, punctatus, giacilior, post-scutello
et metanoto rugo.sis ; abdominis primo segmeiito valde puiictato ; rt^iquis
nitidis; pancto fiontali et post-oculari, maculis 2 pronoti, macula sub-
alari, maculis 2 scutelli et abdominis segmentorum 1', 2', 4' limbo, llavis ;
tegulis nigris; tibiis flavo-variis.

9. Clypeo nigro frequenter macula flava; %. Clypeo flavo, mandibulis,
llnea in scape autennarum, et 5' segment! limbo, flavis. ^-.

Odijn. Philadelphioi Sauss. Revue Zool., IX, 1857, 272. ' "^''[T

Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 8.5 mm. /' o-»

cX

'J

/

^■'■:\ihy

9 . In form very slender and lengthened. Clypeus rounded,
convex, i)unctate, hollowed, and distinctly bidentate. Tliora.x
nT«'!h lengthened; prothorax rimmed, its angles a little salient:
mesothorax traversed in its whole length l)y two strong grooves;
its anterior part punctured, like the prothorax; the remainder of
the disk smooth, finely punctured ; scutellum smooth, divided by
a large groove; post-scutel and metathorax very rugose; the

154

UYMKNUl'TEUA OF AMERICA.

[PAIIT I.

L/'

first ffjrriiiiifjj a little ruj^ose crost ; tlio trench of this last bordered
with trt'iiciiuiit iiiul rugose ridges. Abdoiiieii very slender; the
first segment lengthened, funnel-shaped ; its upper face as long
as wide, rather coarsely punctured, divided by an indistinct
groove; the suture strong, arcuate. The other segaieutj smooth.

Insect black. A spot at the summit of clypeus, another
between the antenna;, a dot behind each eye, two spots on the
prothorax, one below the wing, two on the scutellum, and the
border of segments 1, 2, 4, yellow. Tarsi ferruginous beneath;
tibiie marked with yellow at the summit; the anterior pair yel-
low. Wings transparent, a little washed with browu. Wing
scales l)lack.

la/', a. Spot on the clypeus very small,

b. Clypeus wholly black.

%. A little smaller. Clypeus, rounded and bidentate, pale
yellow; mandibles yellow before, bordered witli black; a yellow
line on the scape of the antenna3 ; extremity of the flagellum a
little ferruginous beneath. The yellow dots of the head and
thorax small; that under the wing sometimes wanting. A yel-
low border upon the 5th segment. Tibiie yellow; tarsi yellow,
gray at the extremity. Groove of tlie first segment deeper.

liess. a. diff. — This species greatly resembles the 0. sinuatus
Fabr., although its markings are less rich. But its first abdomi-
minal segment is much less coarsely punctured and the dividing
groove much less pronounced. It differs from the O. pumilua in
its much greater size, in its first segment being less rugose, and
in its different ornamentation.

Ilab. Xorth America. Pennsylvania. New York. Canada.
Prairies. Fort Tejon. California. 6 9 , 1 S .

3. S. albomarginatiis Sauss. — Niger, punctatus; metanoto rugoso;
abdominis priiiio segmeuto grosse pnnctato, sutiira elevata; ptincto inter
anleniias et frequenter altero in suramo clypeo, raaculis 2 pronoti, 2
scuteili, pijucto .subalari abdoniinisque segnientorura 1-4 inarginibuSj
albidis; tibiis albido-variis ; tarsia subtus ferrugineis. Alls hyaliuis.
Longit, 9 nun.

Variat. Abdominis tertio segmento baud marginato.

Odi/nerus alhomarginutna Sa0SS. Et. Vespides, III, 1854, 195, 90, 9 .

Hah. America borealis, Hudson's Bay. (Typu&in Mas. Lon-
.dinensi.) Connecticut. (Ed. Norton.)

^1 .

1

ODYNERUS.

155

c. Segments 1, 2 onli/, of the ahdomen bordered with yellow.

4> S. debilis n. sp. — Niger, punutatus, maxiiue ttlougatus, gracillimus;
postscutello et luetauoto rugosis; hoc luaxiiue ponu post-scutellum
producfo ; abdominia primo seguiento elougato, grosse puuctato, siilco
valde diviao; puncto froiitali «t poat-ooulari, punotis 2 scutelli, macula
subalari sulfureis ; abdominis segineutoruin 1', 2' fascia inarginali snl-
furea, secunda intorrupta ; tibiis basi sulfureia; alia h>ralinia, teguiia
fusco-uigris. 9 •

Total length, 8.5 mm. ; wing, 7 mm.

?. Small and extremely sleiuler. Form much lengthened.

<o

Head large, higiier tlian wide; antonme inserted nutably, belowA T
the niiddle of its height. Clypeus widely and not deeply hol-
lowed, siibbideiitate, a little rugose toward the bottom. Head
finely punctured. Thora.x vary long; prothorax punctured,
finely rimmed, forming on each side a very small tooth. Meso-
thonix and clypeus little punctured; this last divided by a very
large groove. Post-scutel and nietathorax very rugose; the first
flattened obliquely, bordered before; tlie second .utromjh/ pro-
longed behind; its concavity oblique, strongly hemmed, especially
toward the top a little striate.

Abdomen very long and slender. The first segment of a
lengthened funnel-sliapc. longer than wide, its suture very strong,
a little angulatc in the middh;; its surface very coarsely punctured
and divided by a wide and strong groove. Tlie remainder
smooth. Insect of a shining black; a spot between the antenna?,
a dot behind each eye, two spots on the prothorax, one beneath
the wing, two dots on the seutellum and the marginal belt of the
first segment of the al)doineM, sulphur-yellow ; the 2d segment
ornnmented with a yellow border (sometimes interrupted), which
is almost wanting beneath. Legs black. Tibia; and anterior
tarsi and the superior moiety of the tibite of the other pairs, yel-
low; tarsi ferruginous. Wings transparent, a little brown on
the side about the stigma. Wing scales brown or black.

Var. On the 4th segment a trace of a border and at times a
dot at the summit of the clypeus, yellow.

% . Unknown.

Bess. a. cliff. — This little species differs essentially from the 0.
Philadelphiue in its more slender form, in the heiid being higher
than wide, in its much prolonged nietathorax, in its more rugose
first segment, its very much more decided suture, and in the yel-

SccT:

150

IIYMENOPTEUA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

1/

/

(/

low livery of its abtloinon. It clostily reciill.s the O. fji/ascinfjiH
Fabr , ulthuugli its liftul is luuToWer uiul its clypcus more oiiiiir-
j^inate. It also closely npproaeht-a the (>. dehilifatus 8uuss.,
vvliifh has nearly tho same form of lioad, but which in less slender
and has the thorax especially, umch more stronjjly spiuose.

Hah. United States. Connecticut. Wisconsin. Illinois.

I owe this interesting species to tho kindnussi of JNlr. Edward
Norton and Mr. B. I). Walsh.

5« S. iiuiiiiliis Saus.s. — (Jracili.s, niger, nitidus, tenuitcr punotatua ;
prouoto biiviiguliito; post-Huiitello et niHtaiioto rui{osi.<; illo postio ex-
cavato, antice pauliim altiore et ntt'lnqiiu in lateribus cariiuila luiigi-
tudinali luaigimito; hoc profande exopvato, foveola ulevato-margiiiata
iustruc to ; mesonoto valde sulcato ; scuteilo sulco valde partito ; abdomi-
nis pn JQO segmeuto elongato, sutura valde promiuula instructo, snperne
TUgosis.sime puactato et sulco obsoleto diviso; segiiicnti.s reliquis niti-
dissimis ; puncto frontali et post-oculari, maculis 2 prouoti, 2 scutelli,
puucto subalari, limboque Kegmentoiiim abdominis omnium, llavirf ;
(segmentorum 3-5 fascia uudulata sulnnargiuali); pedibua nigris, tibiis
tarsisque flavis ; alis hyalinis, venis ferrugineis. . % . Clypeo rotundato,
bldentato; luandibulis et scapo antioe fascia flava. Lougit, 9 mm.

Oclijn, pumilus Sauss. Vespides, III, 1854, 197, 93.
Hab. Peru. (The author's collection.)

6. S. cristatlis Sadss. — Sat parvus, niger, 0. murnrio formis similis ;
metanoto rugoso ; al)dominij primo segmento sat gros.se punctato, sutura
elevata, secuiidp l.atiore, basi punctato ; puncto frontali, maculis 2 pro-
noti, fascia interrupta scutelli, macula subalari, flavin vel rufis ; abdo-
minis segmentis 1, 2, 4 sulfureo limbatis ; tibiis tarsisque ferrugineo-
variis; alis hyalinis, veuis fuscis, radio ferragineo. $. Long. 9 mm.

Odi/nerus cristatus Sauss. Vespides, III, 196, 92, J .

Hab. North America.

This species appears to me to be very nearly, if not wholly
identical with 0. Philadelphiae.

•y. S. Canadensis SAnss. — Parvulus, niger, gracilis, rugosus ; puncto
frontali, maculis 2 pronoti, 2 Bcutelli, macula subalari, abdominisque
limbo segmentorum 1', 2'-, 4', flavis; tegulis fuscis; capito intlato,
autennis infere insertis; abdominis secundo segmento angusto, vix
latiore quam primum; alis hyalinis, apice fuscescentibas. 9 • Longit,
8 mm.
Cdyneruf canadensis Sadss. Vespides, III, 19G, 91, 9*

Hab. Canada.

ODYNEIIUS,

lot

This species, like the preceding, has not been descrilicd with
SLitKcient precision to be recognized witli certainty, until the
uuinber of species has been iiugiuented. It uppeur.s to be very
near to the O. debilis in the Ibrm of its head and abdomen.

Subgenus ANCISTROCERUS Wesu.

The first abdominal segment divided by a transverse sidure;
its superior face {situated behind the suture) not divided bij
a deep groove. Antennse of the males terminated by a hook.

This subgenus includes insects of variable forms, in which,
although they are very hard to deline, we can distinguish four
principal types. These are mere divisions of the subgenus.

A. The second cubital cell of the wing havinr/ a ilislinct radial side.

a. Form rather depressed, more chubby; the upper face of the 1st
abdominal segment transverse. Ancistrocerus.^

b. Form rather cylindrical, more slender.

* Tiie hinder face of the metathorax more or les.^ excavated ; the

border of the excavation rough or rounded. Stenaucistmcertis.

** The hinder face of the metathorax having a deep round cavity,

surrounded by a very sharp circular ridge. IlyiHinciKtroccrus.

B. The second cubital cell of the wing triangular, quite contracted mx its radial
side, but not petiolate. Ancistroceroides.

Division ANCISTROCERUS (properly speaking).

Sacbsure Et. Vespides, I, Section 1, a, p. 135 ; b, p. 139. — III, Section

1, p. 216.

Abdomen qnite depressed, sessile ; its first segment truncate
anteriorly so as to show two faces, one anterior and one
superior; its two faces distinctly separated by the suture; the
superior one forming a wide sfjuare or a transverse band. This
segment short and wide. Thorax flattened above ; disk of the
mesonotura offering at its base two longitudinal grooves.

The insects of this series have their form rather depressed than
cylindrical. They are generally rather wide, but are sometimes
slender; the thorax is somewhat cubical, although generally

' The div'iion Ancistrocerus is also to be distinguislied by the fact, that
the yellow margin of the first segment is a band, either regular, or widened
on the sides, while in the others it is generally either regular or narrowed
on the sides.

158

HYMENOl'TEBA OF AMElllCA.

[I'AUT I.

loiigthoiied and rather fluttout'd ubovf. Tlio clypcus is pyriforin
aiiioiig Iho feiiialnH, but i.s usually wide or wider tliuii long ; its ex-
tremity terminates in a little Ijorder, (;liaiinelled hy a small trench
whieii often makes it ajtpear bidentate; among the males it is
polygonal and bidentate. The disk of the niesothorax ofl'ers two
or four grooves on its hinder part. Above all tho mctathorax is
very characteristic. It is a little oblique. Its posterior plate
always presents an excavation, which is divided by a vertical
carina. The post-scuteliuni is truncate, at times subcrenulate,
but its trench never coincides with that of the nietathoracic
fossette. The abdomen, always depressed and sessile, has an
ovalo-conic, never flatly conic form. It is at times velvety, never
coarsely punctured, except perha})s on borders of the segments.
The first segment is wide, cut squarely and shortly above.

In fine, even when the form is nmch lengthened (0. tig7'is), the
general appearance is preserved, the body being rather flattened
than cylindrical. In this group the males are quite variable.
Among certain species they nearly assume the size of the females.
Among others they are very much smaller and vary endlessly in
form, so that one can scarcely refer them to their females, but
by a series of groupings.

Table to assist in the determination of the species of Ancistboceeds
(principally based upon the females).

1. Wings fusco-violaceous.
2. Margin of second segment smooth ; post-soutel black.

11. Spinolce,

2, 2. Margin of second segment rough ; post-scutel yellow.

24. unifasciatus.
1, 1. Wings subhyaline or smoky.

2. Margin of the second segment reflezed
3. Color rufous, vertex tuberculate.

3, 3. Color black, argenteous.
2, 2. Margin of the second segment not reflexed.

3. Abdomen and antennae mostly yellow.
3, 3. Abdomen and antennae mostly black.

4. Metathorax with two long spines ; angle of prothorax dentate.

19. Clarazianus.

4, 4. Metathorax with short spines or not dentate.

5. Thorax black, body velvety.

6. The first abd. segment not margined with yellow.

23. Parredesi.

26. tuberculiceps.
29. Aristce,

27. Sutterianus.

0DYNERU8.

159

9. (I Villi (/u It 9.

22. citKjulutiis.

16. Santa-Anua,

25. campestris.

6, 6. The firrtt alxl. segniHiit margined with yt'llow.
7. 'I'woyt'ilow fiiHuiiuoii tlieabilouieii. 28. jiilosiis.
7,7. FivH yellow las(!i(B oil tiieahdoiuen. IH. Si/lreinr.
6,5. Thorax blauk, with yellow or lutuouH oniaiueuta ; body
sericeous or Hhiiiing, uot velvety.

6. Abdomen with 2 yellow or luteouH fnsiiiffi.

7. Body very coarsely inuiotate, posterior margin of pro-

thorax luteons. 21. conspiniHu.

7, 7. Body not vM-y coarsely punctate ; anterior margin of

prothorax yellow.
8. ro.st-Houtel black.

8, 8. I'ortt-ticutel yellow.
6,6. Abdomen with 3 yellow fasciae.

7. Fo.st-siutel black.
7, 7. Tost-scutel yellow.
6, 8, 6. Abdomen with 4 or 5 yellow fasciae.

7. Thorax cubic, short.

8. Two yellow spots on the second segment.

20. hirenimaculatua.

8, 8. No yellow spots on the second segment.

2t>. f biretiimaailatus,

17. \ Bustamentl.
7, 7. Tliorax more elongate.

8. Metathorax with sharply defined border.
9. Post-scutel black.

10. f copra.
14. I- adidbatus,
10, 10. Ornaments white. 12. albop/iuleratus.

9, 9. Post-scutel more or less yellow
10. Body normal.

11. Color gray, sericeous

10. Ornaments yellow

11, 11. Color black, shining.

10, 10. Body slender, elongate.
8, 8. Metathorax rounded behind.

18. Sjilveira.

15. j fastidinsusculus.

13. i^ Catskillensis.

8. tigris.
25. campestris.

I. Metathorax having itn concavity angulate, bordered all around
by trenchant edges (Sect. I, a, Saitss. Vespides, I, 135).

(Group of 0. parietnm Linn.)

Among these insects tlie metathoracic cavity has a polygonal
form, determined by its angnlate edges. The medial carina
divides the fossette into two equal parts, which can be compared
in form to two coupled pentagons. Their angles often make on
each side a sort of tooth (which is variable among individuals of

too

IIYMENUITKIIA OF A.MKllK'A.

[I'AllT I.

tlio saino spooic^, ra it Imppciis to l)o inon; or less (lovclopi'tl) ;
uikI at tlic stiiiiniit two other toctli sfparuUMl at tl.j pdst-sciitcl
l»y a sort of frroovo or wiilc li.ssunv Tin; concavity is in f^ciicrul
punctured, Imt is often striato in llie middlo or toward tlie hase.

Tile AnaixfroceruH of tliis division aro very common, ijotli in
Europe and Xortli America; one can even find corresjwniliiKj
ti/prn aniouj? the Hpeeics nnalo^jouH to tlie two countries. How-
ever, I iiave never ujet the same identical species n\nn\ tiie two
continents.

Here, as in other solitary wasp.s, the American species an;
generally less ornamented with yellow tliiui the lOuropean ; the
bands are narrower and the win^rs liave i much frreater tendency
to i>nss into lirown-violet. In short, tlie American types have a
more sober appearance.

A. Form lengthened, slender.

8. A. tigrls Sauas.— Sat luinuturi, iiipcr, puuctatUB, gracillimus; meta-
iioti fuvuola subrugo-sa, acute marginata, utriuqae iuJuuteni uxciiiitiiite,
niargiuibua reotis ; puncto in basi mandibularmn, J uiaculis4 in clyjiuo,
pnncto fiontali et post-oculari, linea in scapo, fascia bilobata pionoti,
niiicula Hubalari, 2 scutelli, post-scutello et abdoiiiiiiis sHirnieiitoruiu
inaryiuibus auguste, tibiis tarsisque, tlavis ; autouni.i sublux t'errugi-
neia ; alls hyaliiiis, apice fusco nebulosLs.

?0(li/n. (ItcdnleiLi IIarui.^ Cat., 18.33, p. r)89, nndescribed.
O'li/ii. tigri.'i Sauss. Revue Zool., IX, 1857, 273.
?0(l:/ii. perlina.r^ Sauss. Et. Vespides, III, 18.')4, 216, 108, %.
Odyn. cervun Sauss. Rev. Zool., X, 1858, 165.

9. Total length, 11 mm.; wing, 8 mm.
% . Total length, 8 mm. ; wing, (J mm.

9. Small. Form very slender, much lengthened, but de-
pressed, not' cylindrical. Clypeus pyriform ; coarsely punc-
tured, terminated by a little border, hardly concave, but appear-
ing at times as if bidentatc, because of a black and shining
depression. Thorax much lengthened, prothorax scarcely re-
tracted before, edge delicately upturned; its angles not .<5pinose.
Anterior portion of mesothorax often presenting a little smooth
line and the posterior part two grooves. Scutel flat. Po.st-
scutel arcuate on its posterior border. Metathorax having its
hinder plate clearly marked, its surface dull subrugose, formed of
two plane inclosures of a pentagonal shape, very angulate,

I Small male, not easy to determine.

vile^ ^»^

/ )\ (yiA^iiJ

VK

(>i\. <rK 'v

£^,

OlIYNEUUS.

I'll

bordorcd by vcu'y sliiir|) and treni'lmiit ridj?«.-i, not iirciiutc, but
straif^ht and furiiibi^' on facii side an auutu sspiniforni aiif^l);. Tin;
latoro-supcjrior borders ol'tlu! phito aro struij^lit, waliont, tcrniiiuitod
al)ovo by an eh^vation wliicli is separated from tlic; post-seutc! by
a kind of notch or fi'cbh! lissnre. Upon tlic sides of tli(( inota-
thorax, tlio ridj,^o is i)rolonj?cd by a wido and indistinct furrow
(in other words, tho hitoro-supcrior faces of the nictalliorax are
feebly and widely ciiannelled alonj? tho edj^o which bonh-rs the
posterior si(h.') ; tho superior medial ridjicH wldch form tlie
re-entering angle are less stronjjiy pronounced. Ab(b)inen
depressed. Head ami thorax densely cribroso. Superior faco
of the nietatliorux very rugose.

Insect black. A spot at the base of the mandibles, another
upon tho front, a point behind the ey(!s, tho anterior border of
the prothorax, a spot below the wings, the p(jsterior border of
the jjost-scutel and two spot.s on tho posterior border of the
scutelhnn, yellow. Clypens either with four yellow spots, or
yellow with a black S(piare, or bordered with yellow. Aiiteiinic
black, ferruginous beneath, with a yellow line upon the seapiv
Segments of the abdomen all ornamented with a regular yellow
border; the borders of 3d and 4th often very narrow and tho 5th
wanting. Feet black, tibiaj and tarsi yellow, these h;st often
;)rangc. Wings transparent, washed with brown-violet toward
the end ; wing scales yellow, with a brown dot.

%. Smaller, having the form equally slender, although the
thorax may be shorter. Coloration the same, but in general the
border of tho scutcllum presents but two yellow dots, while the
post-scutel is black, or also marked with two yllow points.
Head large; eyes much swollen; clypeus lengthened, pentagonal,
terminated by two teeth, entirely yellow, as well as the mandibles.
Angles of the prothorax dentiform. Legs entirely yellow, the
femora at times marked with black above; coxse spotted with
yellow. Antenna? very large and vuri/ thick, orange beneath,
terminated by a ferruginous hook, or they are wholly ferruginous
upon the last two articles.

Observation. — There exist some quite singular differences in
the form of the males. In general, the thorax is less length-
ened than in tbe 9. The teeth ani metathoracic ridges are
also subject to vary within certain limits, being often blunted.
When the last segments of the abdomen are retracted, the insect

11

I

102

HYMKNOPTEUA OF AMERICA.

[I'Aivr I.

loses its slender appearance. The first segment of the abdomon
is often quite strongly punctured and even sometimes divided l)y
a groove. We possess many males of very small size (length
G-t mm.) and quite slender, taken by Edward Norton in the
environs of New York and in Massachusetts, which offer very
slender yellow markings, and in which the mctathoracic ridges
are quite blunted. One, however, recognizes them by their
enlarged antonnaj, yellow beneath at the extremity. With this
species the bordering of the prothorax is narrow, a little bilobed,
terminating in a j)oint on each side. Sometimes the metatliorax
is but little ungulate, while the superior ridges are also more
arcuate.

Hess. a. diff. — This species is recognized by its form, very
slender and elongate, but yet different from that of 0. fulvipes,
in that the thorax is flattened above and the abdomen beneath,
as with the 0. capra and its congeners, not cylindrical as with
the 0. fulvipes and its neighbors. In its livery it resembles the
O. campestris, but is distinguished from it by its very much more
slender form, by the very sharp ridges bordering the nietathorax,
by the first segment having the border not enlarged upon the
sides, etc. The very small males could be easily confounded with
those of the 0. Fhiladelphiae, but can be easily distinguished
from them by the wide and short form of the superior face of the
first segment and by the absence of its great longitudinal groove.

Hah. The United States. Canada. (Lake Supc.ior.) Con-
necticut. New York. Pennsylvania. Illinois. Louisiana. The
Prairies. (Fort Tejon.) (U 9, 10 ^ )

9. A. ambiglllis Spin. — Niger, punctatus ; metanoto riigoso, excavato,
acute marginato, utrinque angulato ; an tennis subtus rufis ; pronoti niar-
gine antico, macula subalari, et scutelli, abdominis segmentorutu 1', 2'
margine postico, luteis ; secundo subtus basi tuberculato ; ali.^ rufes-
centibus, apice griseis, tegulis flavo-marginatis ; % clypeo flavo, tibiis
et tarsis ruiis ; scutello et pleuris nonnunquam immaculatis.

Odyn. ambiguus Spin., Gay's Hist. fis. de Chile, Zool., VI, 264, 9 (1851)

9 .— Sauss. Vespides, I, 140, 23, 9 .
Odyn. Bustillosi Sa0.ss., Gay's, Chili, ibid. 567, 10, -J . — Sadss. Vespides,

I, 141, 25, % ; III, 205.

9. Total length, 9.5 mm. ; wing, 6.5 mm.
'^ . Total length, 7 mm. ; wiug, 5.5 mm.

ODYNERUS.

163

Small, black; head and thorax densely punctata. Head
rounded ; the antennte inserted a little lower than the middle of
face. Clypeus rounded, convex, slightly bidentate at the apex ;
angles of prothorax sharp. Post-scutel transverse, a little
elevated, rounded and rough. Metathorax roughened above ; its
posterior face excavated, with sharp edges, and bidentate on oaeh
side; the lateral too^h or angle placed rather lower than the
middle of the metathorax; the excavation smooth. Abdomen
very little punctured; the first segment anteriorly truncate and
smooth ; the suture angulate ; the upper face with shallow punc-
tures and parted by a slight groove ; second segment slightly
constricted at base, tuberculate at base beneath.

Antennaj ferruginous beneath. A little dot behind the eye,
anterior edge of prothorax, a spot below thp wing, the posterior
margin of scutel, and of the first two abdominal segments,
sulpliur-yellow or whitish. Wings subhyaline; the costal part
and base washed with ferruginous.

9. Clypeus more triangular, strongly cribrose, black. Wing
scale yellow, with a brown spot. Feet black ; tarsi and anterior
tibiae rather ferruginous beneath.

Var. Clypeus with an interrupted yellow band and two yellow
spots or with yellow spots only.

% . Clypeus yellow, tenuously margined with black. Hook of
the antenna; very small. Knees, tibia;, and tarsi ferruginous.
Spot under the wing small. Wing scales black, margined with
yellow. The yello\v fascise of scutel narrow or interrupted.

Var. No spot under the wing ; scutel entirely black, mandibles
passing into a pale color.

Bess. a. diff. — The male rather differs from the female, so that
I first thought them to be different species ; however I have no
doubt as to their identity, having been able to compare 8 9,9^

Hah. Chili. In the woods.

B. Form still lengthened, but less slender.

10. A. capra Sausr. — Validiis. ttracilis, nifrwr, punctatns ; antennis
siibtiis ferrugineis, scapo fascia flava ; nietannti foveola polita, punctata,
acute marginata, per carinam divisa, aiigulata, % utrinque in dentem
lateralem ezoarrente ; clypei maoulis 2 vel 4, puncto frontali et post

164

HYMENOPTERA OF iiMERICA,

TVART I.

/a

ocnlari, macula subalnri, punctis 2 acutelli, pionoti margine et abdomi-
nis vittia 4 vel 5, '^ 6, tibiiijque sulfureis.

9 • Total length, 17 mm. ; wing, 13 mm.
^ . Total length, 14 mm. ; wing, 10 mm.

Odynerus capra Sauss. Rer. Zool., IX, 1857- 273.

Form quite slender as with the 0. unifasdatus, but of larger
size. Head and thorax cribrose with moderately dense punc-
tures. Clypeus widely pyuform, convex, punctured, terminated
by a border almost straight, but impressed and Fmooth in the
middle, so that it even appears a little bidentate. Head and
thorax densely punctured. Vertex offering at times a double
impression toward the middle of the posterior border. Thorax
lengthened ; angles of the prothorax feebly indicated ; metathorax
having two or four longitudinal grooves. Post-scutel large, a
little truncate, but without any sharp ridge, slightly bossed, and
cribrose with punctures as far as the trench ; metathorax rugose ;
its posterior part wide, shining, punctured, and bordered all
around by a salient cordon which forms at the summit two
distinct angles and upon each side an angle, at times subdenti-
form; this plate beyond divided by a medial carina into two
pentagons. Abdomen a little depressed, finely punctured, more
distinctly upon the 1st segment and on the border of those fol-
lowing, but the borders not channelled nor upturned ; the first
segment distinctly truncate, its suture very salient ; its superior
face trapezoidal, as with the 0. unifasdatus, but wider and
shorter.

Insect black, clothed with a grayish or ferruginous pile, A
spot at the base of the mandibles, two arcuate spots on the
summit of the clypeus, a dot on the front, and another behind
each eye ; two triangular spots forming a bilobate border on the
prothorax terminating in a dot upon each side ; a spot beneath
the wing and two upon the scutellum, yellow. Antennae black,
with the flagellum beneath ferruginous or yellow, and carrying a
yellow line upon the scape before. Wing scale spotted with
black, with brown and witli yellow. Abdomen shining; its seg-
ments 1-4 or 1-5 regularly bordered with yellow. Feet black;
tibiae yellow, at least above ; tarsi brown or ferruginous. Wings
transparent, feebly washed with brown along the nervures and in
the radial.

/■

ODYNERUS.

165

Var. Two yellow spots at the base of the clypeus. Clypeiis
yellow with a black dot in the middle.

%. Clypeus strougly bidentate, polygonal, and with the la-
brura and the mandibles before, yellow. Hook of the antennce very
small, black. Border of the concavity of the metathorax much
more salient; its superior angles elevated into two pyramids
separated from the post-scutollura by two fissures. Lateral
angles of the metathora.x prolonged in the form of a spine-like
tooth. Segments 5 and 0 adorned with a narrow yellow edging;
knees, tibia;, and tarsi yellow.

Va?: Z . No yellow spots beneath the wing nor on the scntellum
(Illinois, Wisconsin).

Observation. — The markings npon this species are of a sulphur-
yellow. The fir.st two segments of the abdomen have a regular
border; that of the first is at times a little enlarged in the middle.
The bordering of the segments 3-5 is but a narrow edging.

This Odynerus is literally the American representative of the
0. antilope of Europe. It has the same form, the same sculpture,
the same design, and cannot be distinguished but by the less
developed yellow ornaments and by a little larger size.

Bess. a. cliff. — This species is especially characterized by the
form of the metathorax, the plate of which is shining as with the
0. antilope, and has the inferior borders more salient. It is
distinguished also by its great size, by its form, lengthened but
not narrow, by the regularity of its abdominal bands, and by its
livery of yellow ornaments, but little developed and constant.
It differs from the 0. unifasciatus by its large size, by its 2d
abdominal segments having the border not upturned, by its
numerous yellow bauds.

Hab. North America, the eastern portion, where it is very
common. I possess 20 of the 9 and 4 % , which have been taken
in Canada, Lake Superior (Agassiz), Connecticut (Norton),
Pennsylvania (Rath von), Tennessee (Fuchs), Illinois (Walsh),
Missouri, Louisana (Norton).

/

^

11. A. Spinolae Sadss. — Validus, niger, nitiduB, panotatus, etatara et
formis O. caprm Bimillimu!*, at metanoti disco 9 nia^jis aonte marginato
Bupia aogulosiore; clypuo, scutello et thoracis lateribus immaculatis ;

1G6

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[PAUT I.

abdomine tantam fasciia 2 ilavia ; prima latissima, nigro emargioata,
secuuda auguata ; alls fusco-violaceis. 9 •

Odynerus Spwolw Sauss. Vespides, III, 216, 107 (1854).

Total length, 16 mm. ; wing, 12 mm.

?. Large, clypeus widely pyriform, coarsely cribrose, termi-
nated by a little, almost straight, and appearing bituberculate,
border. Ocelli large and approaching; upon the vertex a little
woolly space. Thorax lengthened. Prothorax neither angulato
nor rimmed, having the shoulders only lightly defined. Disk of
the mesothorax wide, bearing four longitudinal grooves and a
fifth quite feebly marked which occupies the middle of its anterior
part. Post-scutel short and truncate, cribrose, and rugose,
almost forming a ridge. Concavity of the metatliorax surrounded
by a salient and trenchant border, forming on each side a sharp
spiniform angle and on the summit two yet more distinct angles,
separated from the post-scutellum by a groove ; the posterior
plate divided into two pentagons by a medial carina. Suture of
the first abdominal segment very decided ; border of the second
segment smooth, having no larger punctures than upon the
remainder of it ; those of the following segments strongly punc-
tured. Head and thorax shining, cribrose, with separated punc-
tures, metathorax rugose.

Insect of a shining black, clothed with a gray ferruginous pile ;
a spot at the base of the mandibles, one between the autennai, a
dot behind each eye, and two triangular spots on the prothorax,
yellow. Antenna; black, ferruginous, ()r yellow beneath, their
scape marked with a yellow line. First abdominal segment
entirely yellow above, behind the suture, with a black depression
of variable form in the middle; second segment ornamented above
by a narrow yellow border, at times badly limited, slightly
mingled with the black, a little interrupted or passing into brown.
Feet black; tibia3 and tarsi yellow. Wings of a transparent
brown ; with dark violet reflections; wing scales brown or black,
with a yellow dot. The ornaments are of a lively yellow.

Bess. a. diff. — This species is easily recognized by its large
size, its violet wings, the wide border of its first segment, and
that of the second segment at times retracted in the middle and
its black clypeus. It is easily distinguished from the 0. niiifas-
ciatus by its very angnlate metathorax and by the border of the
second segment, which is not rugose.

.— V

ODYNERUS.

let

It has exactly the size and form of the 0. capra, but is dis-
tinguished from it by its nietulhoracie plate having sharper angles,
by its more truncate pust-scutel, and by its second abdominal
segment being less punctured along the border; perhaps also by
its violet wings and the absence of spots beneath the wings and
on the scutellurn, and by the absence of yellow bands upon the
8d and 4th segmenti5. It is distinct from the O. unifasciatus by
the border of the 2d segment, which is neither channelled nor
rugose.

Hub. The United States. Connecticut. Pennsylvania. Indi-
ana. Illinois. Tennessee. (G ?.)

y

C. Body more gathered (not so elongate), normal, but the thorax
is still sensibly longer than wide.

c. Metathorax destitute of strong spines.

13. A. albophaleratus Sauss. — Medins, niger, punctatns ; puncto
frontali et post-oculari, prouoti et abd. segrnentoium luargiiie, inaculis 2
scutelli, 1 subalari, tegulisque, niveis ; J clypeo albido-biniaculato, et
autenuarum scapo subtus testaceo ; 'J inandibulis, clypeo bispiuoso^
liiieaque scapi et pedibus albidis ; pronoto et metauoto bideiitato. /

Odynerus albophaleratus Sauss. Vespides, III, 217, 109.

J . Total length, 13 mm. ; wing, 10 mm.
% . Total length, 10 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

9. Size moderate. Head and thorax densely punctured.
Clypeus widely pyriform, punctured, terminated by a littie
straight or subemarginate border. Thorax mediocre; prothorax
moderately wide ; its angles distinct ; mesothorax marked with
four grooves at its base, with two across the whole ; metathorax
rugose ; its posterior plate finely shagreened ; bordered by a
cordon which marks out the usual pentagon, which is but little
angulate, without lateral teeth. Abdomen ovalo-eonit'; the first
segment wide and truncate with a very distinct suture; the whole
abdomen quite finely punctured; the 1st segment most strongly.

Insect black. A spot upon the front, another behind each eye;
a slender border on the prothorax, two dots on the scutellurn, and
a regular border on every segment of the abdomen, whitish.
AntennaB black; the scape testaceous beneath. Legs black, the
tibiaB white above ; tarsi slightly ferruginous. Wings transpa-

1C8

HYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[I'AUT I.

rent, with the rarlius and the stigma brown, except a little wasli-
ing of brown ferruginous about the nervures.

'h . Clypeus lengthened, bidentate; the teeth permitting between
them a narrow emargination. Mandibles, labrum, clypeus, and
a line on the scape of the antenme, white. Extremity of the
antenna; beneath and the hook, ferruginous. Angles of (lie
metathorax dentiform ; marginal ridges of the metnthoracie plntc
very trenchant, forming on each side a spiniform tooth ; scutelliim
parted by a groove; post-scutel rugose, offering on the summit
of its posterior trench a sort of interrupted rugose ridge. Knees,
tibinc, tarsi, and often the femora, whitish.

Var. Scutellum bordered with whitish.

Bess. a. diff. — This species is very well characterized by its
white ornaments, and it has the appearance of the European
species of the subgenus Epipona. One might easily err in
ranging it with this- group in spite of the anteriorly truncated
abdomen. The clypeus (S) in particular is cut exactly as with
these insects. See the affinities of the O. (Jatxkilli.

Hah. North America. I took this Odynerus in abundance in
the environs of New York in the month of April, but I met none
except the males. I finally received 12 9 fi'om Connecticut,
Illinois, and Pennsylvania.

Observation. — We possess one individual 9, having the form
sensibly more stubbed, which has the clypeus white, with a black
spot and the scutellum almost entirely white ; the borders of the
segments quite wide. (Illinois.) Is it a simple variety ?

13. A. Catskillensis Sauss. — Niger, punctatus, crassus; 0. alho-
phah-rato statura et 0. ccimpestri picture, similis; coipore flavo-picto;
metanoti foveola acute maiginata, frequenter utrinqiie macula flava;
scutellorum limbo interrupto, flavo; antennaram scapo flavo-lineato.

Odj/ncrus CatslilH Sacss. Vespides, I, 18fi.' ( ]/^ / ^JA^t^l /-^-r KPt^^

Odyn. Catskillensis Sadss. Et. Vespid., Ill, 204. ^^// ' /

9 . Total length, 11,5 mm. ; wing, 9.5 mm.
^ . Total length, 9.5 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

' The fig. 8, pi. xvi, which is named as representing this species in the
work cited, does not represent it at all. It is a lapsus to be regretted,
without considering that the figure is vety bad. One should not take it
into account at all.

i

A yn n.'^i^O'- ^c^jj^j .

,*^ ^/

/

.h>

UtT I.

rt'asli-

;wecn

, and
•f llio
f Iho
plato
[3II111U
111 111 it
Jices,

)y its
)pean
IT in
catetl
with

ce in
none
ticut,

form
black
the

alho-
)icto;
ava ;
ito.

0DYNERU8.

169

I

/ ^

1 thrt
>tteil,
ke it

9. Form stout. The size and shape of the 0. alho}ihnh'ra.tu»,
but the thorax is shorter. Clypeus wide, quite triangular, trun-
cated at the extremity or appearing lightly 'uidentate, strongly
punctured. Body densely punctured and olotlied with a gniy
pile. Concavity of the nietathorax dull, finely wrinkled, strongly*
bordered ; its nmrginal ridges arcuate and quite strongly salient
at the summit, where they almost form two little teeth sepanitcd
from the post-scutel by a fissure ; on each side there is furnied
another dentiform angle, at times not very decided. Abdomea
short ; the first segment short ; almost as wide as the 2d.

Insect black, much resembling in coloration the 0. campestris.
Antenna) ferruginous beneath, with a yellow line upon the scape.
A dot upon the mandibles, four spots upon the clypeus, one on
the front, one behind each eye, a narrow border on the prothorax,
a spot beneath the wing, an interrupted bordering on the scutel,
and two arcuate spots upon the lateral ridges of the nietathonix,
yellow. All the segments of the abdomen adorned with a narrow,
regular border; knees, tibiae, and tarsi yellow; these last often
ferruginous. Wings transparent, washed with brown in the
radial and along the nerviires. Wing scales yellow, touched
with brown.

Var. a. Clypeus yellow, with a black spot.

6. Only four yellow borders upon the abdomen.

c. Spots of the metathorax very small, occupying the base of
the ridges.

d. No spots on the metathorax.

% . A little smaller, stubbed. Mandibles, labrum, and clypeus
yellow; this last wide, rounded, and bidentate. Hook of the
antennae ferruginous, as well as the extremity of the flagellum
beneath. Border of the 1st abdominal segment often blended
upon the sides with a yellow dot ; femora yellow ; feet almost
entirely yellow. Two yellow dots on the sides of the 2d segment.

Vai'. a. No separate yellow dots upon the 2d segment.

6. Scutels black.

Bess. a. diff, — This species can be recognized by the short first
abdominal segment, as wide as the 2d, and by the two yellow
spots on the metathorax. But this last character being subject
to be wanting, it is not advisable to give it too much importance.
One can distinguish this Odynerns from the 0. capra by its very
much smaller size and by its stubbed form: from the 0. Spinolie

170

UYMKNDl'TKUA UF AMERICA.

[PAKT I.

y

by its snuillor sizo, its V'Aa aiigiilntc nictathoracic plate, by tho
narrow borilei* of the lirst segineiit, by the transparent wings and
(juito (lifleront livery: from the 0, albophalerutus by its yellow
onuunentH; its shorter thorax, a little loss strongly punctured,
*its abdomen having more punctures, its antenme nioro colored,
and the size a little larger : from the 0. unifaaciatus and cam-
jje.sh'ifi by its uietathoraeic plate bordered throughout by sharp
ridges and by the border of the 2d segment which is not rugose,
lint above all it might bo confounded with the 0. birenimacu-
latiis. It is distinguished from it by the less rich livery, by tho
regular border of the first segment, by the very much less gross
form, by tho much smaller size, etc. Compare these two species
carefully.

JIab. Tho United States. New York. Connecticut. Illinois.
(109, 5S.)

Observation. — This species is the American representative of
the 0. renimacula and it appears to me to differ from this species
only by the rather less defined angles of the prothorax and by the
metalhoracic plate, which is not striate.

I possess a very small individual, 9 (long. 8 mm.), which per-
haps indicates the existence of another allied species. The thorax
is a little more lengthened, the first segment of tho abdomen is
divided by a feeble groove, the clypeus offers but two yellow
dots toward tho base, and the metathoracic ridges are marked by
two little yellow lines. (Connecticut, Mr. Edw. Norton.)

I possess also many more little males which I cannot but
ascribe to this species and which, in fact, do not present any
difference from the males of the normal size, but in being much
smaller, aad that some of the punctures of the first segment of
the abdomen are a little stronger. Length, 8.5 mm. ; wing, 7.

These specimens have no separate spots on the 2d abdomind
segment. The 1st segment carries a regular border, not enlarged
upon the sides. The scutellum offers two yellow spots; the post-
seutcl /is in general black, at times bipunctate.

I d") not doubt but that these little males really belong to this
specie's, just as one often meets variations among the insects of
this/group. These males greatly resemble those of the 0. tigris,
but thoy are however larger, and above all, wider and more stubbed
in ■form. Connecticut. New York. Illinois.

ODYNERUS.

171

14. A. adinbntllH S\d.«h.— Minutua, niger; clypeo 'J tenuiter bidcn-
tnto; iiiHtaiioto bisjunoso, superiiH rugoso, haml aciito; abilomiiiB gracili;
priino 8Kgiu«nto eloiigato; dypeo, mandihulis, soapo antice, puiicto
frnntali et poat-oculari, pronoti liuea antica, tegulis, puncto siibalari
abdoininisque seginHntorum inargiiiibus anguste, llavis. IVlibusi llavia,
femoribus nigris ; alia subliyaliuis. '^ , — Long. 8 mm,

Odynerus adiabatus Sauss. Vespidea, I, 138, 20, ^ (1852).

Ilab. North America. Carolina. (Typo in tlio Paris Museum.)

13. A. fastifliOHllscillus SAusfl. — Niger, clypei Riimmi fascia aronata
ntrinque, macula fiomali et post-oculaii, scapo subtiis, pronoti margino,
tegulia, fascia interrnDta scutelli, fascia post-sciitelli, raacnla siibalari
abrlominisque fascii.. i, ilavis ; fascia primi segmenti utrinque dilatata;
pudibus basi uigria ; alia subliyalinia. Long. 10 mm. ^,

Odynerus fastidiosusculus Sauss. Et. Vespid., I, 137, 19, J.
Ilab. Brazil. (Type in Paris Museum.)

16. A. Santa-Annse Sauss. — Niger, densissime pnnctulatns, clypeo
grosse cribrato ; pronoto subangulato ; metauoti foveola acutissinie
marginata, bidentata; abdomine subvelutino, ovato ; puncto froutali et
post-ooulari, litura angusta pronoti abdominisque vittis 3, flavia ; alia
fi-rrugineis ; — 9 clypeo atro flavo bipunctatn, antennis atris, macula
subalari et 2 scutelli, llavis; — "^ clypeo, subbideutato, tlavo, scapo llavo
lineato.

Odynerus Santa-Anna Sauss. Revue et Magas. de Zool., IX, 1857, 273.

Total length, 10 mm. ; wing, 11 mm.

?. Clypeus pyriform, truncate, or feebly subbidentate, very
coarsely punctured. Prothorax not retracted before ; its angles
distinct. Mesotliorax with a little smooth carina before ; its
grooves moderately pronounced. Post-scutel truncate, oifering
a feeble ridge at the summit of its posterior face ; this ridg(j
interrupted and finely crenulate. Plate of the metathorax
triangulate, very clearly bordered all around by very trenchant
straight ridges, which inclose the two pentagons in a very distinct
manner. The lateral angles dentiform ; the superior ones acute.
Abdomen punctured, ovate; the first segment narrower than the
2d, punctured, having a very strong suture. Border of the 2d
and the following segments densely punctured, but neither rugose
'^nor channelled. That of the first offering a ounctured lino.

172

IIYMKNOI'TEIIA OF AMERICA.

[I'AHT 1.

Head and thorax finely and very densely shagrcencd ; abdomen
punctured, a little velvety.

Insect black, covered with gray hair. Two lateral spots on
the summit of the clypeus ; another between the antenna), a dot
behind each eye, a narrow border on the prothorax, a spot beneath
each wing, two on the posterior border of the .scutelluni, two dois
on the wing scales, and the border of segments, 1, 2, J5 of tlu!
abdomen, sulphur-yellow; there is often a yellow dot at the luiso
of the scape of the antenna; and upon the anterior tibia). The
yellow bands of the abdomen are regular; the first often slightly
enlarged at the two extremities, the two others at times retracted
in the middle, and complete beneath. Wings transparent, waslicd
with brown ferruginous. Wing scales black, spotted with yellow.

Var. Clypeus and antennoe black.

%. Size same as the female. Clypeus yellow, armed with two
short teeth separated by a semicircular emargination ; its inferior
margin finely bordered with black ; mandibles and labrum black.
Scape of the antenna) in general marked with a yellow line ; hook
black. Wing scales, scutellum, and the flanks, in general, black,
without yellow spots ; the fourth segment carrying a narrow yel-
low band interrupted above, Tibiee yellow before. Post-scutel
divided by a little medial groove. The superior angles of the
metathoracic plate pronounced.

Bess. a. diff. — This species is peculiar in its wholly black
antennae and in a very marked tendency to lose its yellow orna-
ments. Its thorax is short and little arched. Its abdomen has
a velvety appearance. It has the form of the O. Calskillensis, but
the first abdominal segment and the thorax are a little less wide ;
its size is a little greater. The % has the clypeus sensibly less
bidentate than the Xorth American species of this group. It is
closely allied to the 0. Buslamente. (See the description of this
species.)

Hab. The hot and temperate regions of Mexico. Cordova.
Jalapa, the Michoacan.

IT* A. Bustamenti Sacbs. — 0. San'a-Anna simillimns, niger ; olypeo
iiitegromaculis 4flavi8; tliorace '.atiore, pionotolatissimo, tenuiter flavo
marginato, metanoto angustiore, canthis inferis flavo-oinatis ; macula
subalari et soatelli fascia interrupta, flavis ; abdomiiie velntioo, basi
lato, segmentis 1-5 flavo-marginatis ; tegulis flavo-bipunctatis. 9 •
Odynerua Bustamente Sauss. Rnvne et Mag. de Zool., IX, 1857, 273, J .
Total length, 11 miu. ; wing, 9 mm.

ODYNKRUS.

173

9. A spt'cics flosely ullied to tlio 0, Hanla-Annee, liaving
oxuctly the huiiic appourancc unil thu huiuu uculpturu ; thu abdu-
nieii being also of a deep velvety black.

Clypeus wider than long, its anterior border trniicatc, straight,
or a little concave, not bidentate. Thorax very short, sem-iibly
wider than with the species cited ; the prothorax less angulute,
but very wide, the disk of the mesothorax wider than long; its
grooves indistinct; nietathorax a little retracted, so that the thorax
increases In width from behind forward. The posterior plate of
the nietathorax a little striate, wider and lest; strongly bordered.
The yellow ornaments more abundant than in the preceding
species ; clypeus carrying four yellow spots, or yellow with the
scutelluni J)]rtck on the summit ; scape of the antenna) adorned
with a yellow line ; border of the prothorax very narrow. Thorax
with a spot beneath the wing, an interrupted band on the scutel-
luni, and with two spots upon the inferior edges of the nietathorax.
Segments of the abdomen all regularly bordered with sulphur-
yellow ; the last ones very narrowly ; the flrst ones very short,
as wide as the second. Feet black, tarsi and tibiae forruginous.
The remainder as with the 0. Sanla-Annu.

Var. Two yellow dots on the scute Hum.

%. Unknown.

This species very much resembles the 0. Calskilli, but differs
from it by the very punctate border of the abdominal segments,
the first segment being also wider and shorter.

Hob. The cold regions of Mexico. I have taken this Odynerus
upon the Coffre de Perote.

18. A. 8ylTeirae Sausb.

Odynerus Sylveirm Saubs. Et. Vespides, III, 217, 110; pi. z, fig. 8, 9
(1854).

Hob. Brazil. Sylveird. (Typo in the Paris Museum.)

5. Metathorax having two strong spines.

19. A. Clarazianiis Sauss. — Niger, sericeus ; capite rnfo vel obgcnro ;
capite et thorace snpeme rugose punctatia ; pronoti angnlis einarginatis,
lobatis; post-scntello valde criatato, emarginato; metathorace postice
excavato, canthis peracutia marginato, utrinqae spina et infere detite
artuato; autennia nigris ; pronoti margine posiico, uaonla subalari,

m

1T4

IIYMENOPTEBA OP AMKllICA.

[I'AKT I.

te^ulln, fnsoia ftciUelli et po^t-Hdutttlli, intftiinnti iiiiKuliM n<1()iiiinir*(iuH
He^iiiciitdi'tiiit l-.'i inargiiie, pallide llavia ; nli.i autiue fUHuo-iunrgluntiH.
% , Cly|i(!o bideutato luteo.

Anc. Claragianus Hlvub. Bmv. de Zool., 1870, r>rj, 3, $ ^ .
9* Total lengtli, 12 nun. ; wing, 10 lum.
% . Total If ngtii, 10 mm. ; wing, 8 jim.

9. Body stubbed. Head ratlier largo, tlio vertex traiisvorsc,
not convex; ocelli set In depressions. Thorax slightly convex;
prothorax having each of its angles extended into a lamellar
rounded process, which is separated from the anterior margin by
a wide notch. Disk of mesothorax parted by a longitudinal
groove, and posteriorly bicarinate; tho carina; sinuous, terminating
at the angles of the scutel. Scutel parted by a groove and
separated from the mesothorax and post-scutel by deep furrows.
]*ost-scutel truncate, elevated into a high crest, rather concave
beiiind; the crest broadly cmarginate, forming two nearly trian-
gular lamellar teeth. Mctathorax much excavated, margined
with very sharp edges ; the lateral angles produced into strong
spines, the upper arcuated edges very salient, rather crested ; the
inferior edges forming on their lower part, each a triangular
tooth. Head and thorax above coarsely and roughly punctate ;
thorax on tho sides and behind fuiely punctate and covered with
silky, silvery pile. Abdomen short, finely punctured, silky, with
gray-golden reflections, the first segment nearly as wide as the
second, short, its suture ti'ansverse, very distinct.

Black. Antenna) black, tho Ist and 2d joints rufous beneath ;
head and mandibles rufous or orange-red, about tho antenna} and
a little on the vertex black. Anterior margin of the prothorax
very delicately rufous; posterior margin of prothorax, a spot
beneath the wing, a band on the scutel and one on the hinder
part of post-scutel, the angles of metathorax, and the inferior
edges, pale yellow ; the crest of post-scutel also yellow, finely
margined with black on its hinder face. Tegula; rufous, margined
with pale yellow; the process next to them yellow. The first
three abdominal segments adorned with a regular yellow margin ;
the first narrow, fusing on each side into a little lateral spot; the
second widest, t le third narrowest. Feet brown or passing into
ferruginous ; tibiae, the 1st and 2d anteriorly, and the extremity
of 2d femora, marked with yellow. Wings hyaline; anterior
margin and radial cell brown.

ODYNERUS.

\1^}

Vnr. Till' licud iiiorc nr less (ihscuiv, j)nssiiif? into Mnok or
quito l)ri( Mi-n'«l.

9. ('ly|»('iis pyriform, cuniNoly i^unctatc, tcrniiimtinpf witli two
8inall l)i-o\vii iipproxiniuliiig ti'clli.

%. Jk'iid blackish or Muck; orltits rufous; inner nmrpin of the
cycH, a frontal spot, and a line; on tlio nuimlililcs, piiic yrlluw;
tho rtcapc at tinios with u yellow liiu;; clypcus polyfionai, stroiijyiy
l)i(l{'iitatc, pale yellow. Anterior femora and tibim ycllowisli
before (Haliia HIanca).

Tiie male is dcscrii)ed from a Kouthorii s]>ecimen, which may be
the renson of its l)Iaek head. Specimon.s from Buenos Ayrcs may
have the licad rod like tho females?

RcKS. a. di'l/'. — This is a (piite distinct species in tho form of
the thora.v. It has also a dillerent appcuiraneo from all other
Anciatroce^'un.

Ilab. The Arj^entino Republic, 5 ?, 4 %. IJuenos Ayrcs
(Meyer Durr), 1 9 , 3 S . Duhia Blauca (O. Claraz).

D. Form very sfuhhcd Thorax cubical, nearly as long as wide.

SO. A. bireniniacillatllH Sachs.— Crnasus et brevia ; tenuiter
punetatus ; clypeo flavo, 9 triinoato, % bideiitato; thorace brevl,
quadrato ; metanoti foveoia aciitissiiiie marginata, utrinquo et superne
angulos (lentiforiues effluifnte; macula frontali ot post-oculari, fascia in
ficapo anteniiaruin, pronoti limbo late, tegulls, scutelln, post-scutullo
macula subalnri et utriniiue inetatboracis pedibnaque, llavia; abdomiiie
lato, conico, segmeutoruiii margiiie piinctato, late Uavo-litnbato, aecundo
sa^pius uti'inquu macula ft.iva ; primi'fascia utrinquo antrorsum dilatata.

Odynerus hirevimacnlntm Sauss. Vespides, I, 13B, 16, 9» vai"*

Total length, 14 mm. ; wiug, 11 mm.

^rtrp

9. Large and very stubbed. Form very short and very wide.
Clypeus wider than long, truncate, finely punctured. Thorax
stout, very wide, cubical, a little longer than wide. Prothorax
not angular ; niesothorax marked posteriorly with two profound
grooves. Post-scutel short, truncate, having a sort of ridge,
blunted in the middle. Metathorax very wide ; its posterior
plate wide, quite flat, finely shagreencd, very angulate, and
bordered all around by some very trenchant ridges, which form
on each side a spiniform angle and on the summit two sharp
teeth. Head and thorax very densely and finely punctured.

176

IlYMENOPTEllA OF AMjiRICA.

[part I.

Abdomen wide and conical; the first segment short, as wide as
tlie 2d, elevated at the suture ; its superior surface often longi-
tudinally striate along the suture ; the border of the segment
distinctly punctured ; that of the 2d insensibly reflexed.

Insect black, strongly mingled with yellow. Mandibles brown
at the extremity. Clypeus yellow, at times adorned with a little
l)rown dot. Antenme black, with the scape yellow before and the
flagollum ferruginous beneath at its base. A spot on the front,
one behind each eye, a wide border on the prothorax, a spot
below the wing, wing scale, scutel, post-scutel, two arcuate spots
occupying the angles of the motathorax, and a wide border on
every segment of the abdomen, yellow ; these borders regular;
that of the 1st segment joined to two oblicjue lateral spots; the
2d ornamented on each side by an oblique spot, sometimes
separated, sometimes confounded with the border. Anus yellow.
Feet yellow, thighs obscure at their base; coxce spotted with
yellow. Wings transparent, a little smoky along the side and
toward the end, with a light violet reflection.

Var. a. Scutellum having but one yellow interrupted band.

b. No yellow lateral spots on the 2d segment. .

c. The border of the 2d segment festooned in consequence of
the fusion with the lateral spots.

d. The yellow ornaments passing into orange.

%. Same size as the 9. Extremity of the antennaj and their
hook ferruginous ; clypeus bidentate. Mandibles yellow. Scu-
tellum divided by a groove. Yellow ornaments narrower, often
interrupted on the scutel; lateral spots of the first two segments
small. Anus only spotted with yellow. (The border of the first
segments in general regular, only confounded on each sidt with a
yellow dot.)

Var. Size small, length 11 mm. ; wing 8 mm.

Rriis. a. diff. — This beautiful species is very distinct in its very
stubbed form, in its size, in its cubical and finely punctured
thorax, not cribrose with holes, in the exceptional width of its
yellow markings. It can, however, be confounded with the Odxj-
nerus Catskillensis, from which it may be distinguished by the
yellow clypeus of the female, by the much richer ornamentation,
by the notably more stubbed form, and by the two oblique yellow
spots of the first segment which mingle themselves witu the border;
by the elevated and truncate post-scutel and by its superior size.

ODYNERUS.

n:

The 0. birenimaculotun differs from the 0. Spinolse by its
very much more densely punctured and not smooth body, by its
transparent wings, by the margin of the 2d segment wliieh is
densely punctured, by (he first segment wliich is wider, by its
stubbed form, etc.; from the 0. catupeslris and vnifasciatus by
the very much more densely and less coarsely punctured thorax,
by the form of the metathorax, by the less coarsely punctured
margin of the 2d segment, etc.

Finally, the O. hirenimaculatus offers a great resemblance also
to the 0. renimacula of Europe, although its form is ve-y much
more stubbed than that of this last species.

Hah. New England. New York. 24 9 , 3 -S .

y

II. The concavity of the metathorax forms no distinct lateral

angles.

Here the posterior plate is often rugose. It is at times still
bordered at the summit by some ridges or one double arch ;
sometimes it is not limited, especially not on the sides, where it is
effaced and lost in the sides of the metathorax. The concavity
is often formed by the meeting of two convex facettes.

A. Posterior face of metathorax remaining margined, but with-
out distinct angles. Body slender, elongate.

a. Post-scutel strongly truncate.

31* A. COnspicillIS Sauss. — Gracilis, niger, ubiqiie punctatiis ; capite
et thorace criississime et rugose punctatis ; prothorace autice cristato,
angnlato, post-scutello valde truucato, facie postica polita ; uietathorace
utrinque baud angulato, foveola Isevi, lenuiter uiarginiita, abdomiiia
dense pnnotato; primo segmento luiuuto, acute euturato ; anteunarum
•capo subtos, puncto froutali et subalari, pionoti abdominisquo aegmeii-
toi'utn 1, 2 limbo postico, fascia interrupta scutelli, fascia post-scutelli,
lineaque femcrum intermediorum, luteis. 9*

Ancistrocerua conspicuus Sauss. Rev. et Mag de Zool.,IX, 1857, 247.

Total lengtb, 9.5 mm. ; wing, 7 mm.

9. As slender as a Stenancistrocerus. Head and thorax very
roughly punctured. Clypeus very coarsely punctured, finely bi-
carinate at tip and minutely bidcntate. Head margined poste-
riorly. Vertex having a tubercle garnished with an erect brush
of hair. Thorax scarcely contracted posteriorly, very square
IS

ffT^'"!!

178

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

anteriorly ; the prothorax with a crested margin, its angles
dentiform, acute. Post-seutel very short, strongly truncate ; its
posterior face fiat, polished; its superior face rough, transverse;
its posterior ridge very finely crenulate, the middle with a very
small compressed tubercle. Metathorax coarsely cribrose, silky-
grayish, its hinder face widely excavated, as polished as the
posterior face of post-scutel, somewhat punctate, finely margined;
the margins forming behind the post-scutel two quite small erect
teeth (not easy to distinguish); lo distinct lateral angles.
Abdomen slender, slightly depressed; the first segment small,
shortly and quite sharply truncate anteriorly; the suture elevated ;
its superior face short, rather strongly punctured ; 2d segment
not quite so strongly punctured, its hinder margin with a line of
punctures, the following segments densely punctured.

Black; grayish-silky. Mandibles partly fulvous; antenniE
ferruginous beneath, scape yellow beneath. Two dots on the
summit of clypeus, a frontal spot, and post-ocular line, pale yel-
low. Hinder margin of prothorax with a narrow luteous band ;
its angles, appendix of wing scale, a spot under the wing, an
interrupted fascia on scutel, a transverse line on the hinder face
of post-scutcl, and two large maculae on the hind face of meta-
thorax, pale yellow. The first two abdominal segments narrowly
margined with luteous. Intermediate femora with a luteous line.
Anterior tibiae and tarsi brown or ferruginous. Wings hyaline,
smoky, nerves and anterior margin of the apex fuscous ; the 2d
recurrent nerve falling nearly upon the 2d transverse cubital vein.

Var. Anterior margin of prothorax also margined with luteous.

Bess. a. diff. — This is quite a distinct species and a peculiar
type, making a sort of transition to Slenodijnerus by its slender
form, and its punctate abdomen, having the 1st segment more
punctured than the second. The form of the scutel, post-scutel,
and metathorax is quite unusual, and the very coarsely punctured
thorax makes it at once distinguishable.

Its livery much resembles that of the A. Fariasi, but it differs
from this in all its form and its punctures ; in the first segment
being very short and truncate, its superior face quite transverse ;
the scutel truncate, not triangular; the punctures of thorax and
head being much coarser, etc. It has also a resemblance to 0.
( Stenodynerus) totonacus.

ODYNERUS.

119

Hah. The temperate parts of Mexico. I caught a 9 near
Cordova.

b. Post-scutel not truncate, angnlate posteriorly.

This type has the post-scutel formed much as in Stenancisfro-
cerus, but the form of the abdomen remains as in the division
Ancistrocerus, and the appearance remains also as in this group,
so that we have to leave it in the division Ancistrocerus, prop,
diet.

22. A. cingulatus SAtrss.— Gracilis, niger, nitidns, snlfnreo-pictns,
pronoti augulis iu processus 2 productis, autenuis subtus et basi llaviir ;
abdominis segmentis 1, 2 late ilavo-marginntis ; priiuo antioe truucato,
saturd, promiuula, fascia flava utrinqae aucta marginato. — 9 %• ^^7'
pec truncato, flavo.

Odynerus cingulatus Cresson, Hymen, of Cuba, Ent. Proc, Pbila., II,
1865, 1G2, 9 .

% . Total length, 9 mm. ; wing, 7.5 mm.
9 • Total length, 12 mm. ; wing, 9 mm.

Rather small. Form slender, elongate. Head and thorax
punctured. Angles of prothorax strongly produced into blunt
processes. Scutel and post-scutel flattened, the former parted
by a deep groove. Metathorax rounded, rather roughly punctate ;
its concavity strigose ; bordered by a rather distinct salient lino,
but its angles obsolete and destitute of teeth. Abdomen delicately
punctured, most distinctly on the first segment and the border
of the others; 2d segment somewhat swelled above; the first
segment narrower than the second ; its suture elevated.

Shining black. Antennae black, with their first two joints and
the under side yellow. A triangle on the forehead, a line behind
the eye, a broad fascia on the edge of prothorax, a spot under
the wing, the scutel, and post-scutel, yellow. The first two
abdominal segments with a broad yellow margin ; the fascia of
the first widened on each side. Feet yellow; coxae and hinder
femora except at tip, black, intermediate cox£B yellow anteriorly.
Wings clouded, principally at the end ; the anterior margin as
far as the stigma ferruginous.

9 % . Clypeus polygonal, longer than wide, yellow ; its inferior
border narrowly truncate, tenuously margined with black. Man-
dibles dentate; ferruginous, or yellowish, black at base and tip.

180

IIYMENOPTEUA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

Hob. Cuba. Sent to mo by Dr. Gundlach.

This species is very distinct, but by its appearance might be
confounded with O. IlavanenHis, which has quite u diflerently
Ibrmed abdomen, having the angles acute, but not so much pro-
duced, and the clypeus notched.

Its slender form makes it resemble 0. tigris, although it is
very different iu the produced angles of prothorax and rounded
metathorax.

B. Mel.ithorax not distinctly marrjinate. Body not slender, of

normal form.

a. Abdomen nearly conical. The border of the 2d segment not rejlexed.

Body velutinoua,

23. A. Parredesi Sahss. — Niger, velutino-hirsutus, argenteo-aericeus ;
antennis subtus ferrugineLs ; puucto frontali, pronoti medio et tegulis
in margine, ferrugineis ; abdominis segmentis 2-5 flavo-raarginatis ;
secundo in margine valde punctato ; alis ferrugineis, apife griseo-nebu-
losis. — 9* Clypeo infers ferrugineo-maculato.

Odynerus Parredes Sauss. Rev. et Mag. de Zool., IX, 1857, 273.

Total length, 13 mm. ; wiug, 10.5 mm.

Appearance of the 0. nasidens. Clypeus convex, quite finely
punctured ; its inferior border truncate, short, and bordered with
a salient rim, Prothorax angulate : its angles almost dentiform.
Metathorax having its posterior plate punctate and striate,
bordered by slightly salient ridges ; its superior ridges arcuate
in the foi'm of the end of an arch, not forming any superior angle,
and on each side only a blunt, indistinct angle. Post-scutel
blunted, punctate. Abdomen conical ; the first segment wide,
anteriorly tr:mcate ; its suture distinct.

Insect blacn, finely punctured, rather more strongly on the
metathorax; all the body covered with a thick velvety pile,
silvery and a little golden; the abdomen shining velutinous, with
silky and golden reflections, the 2d segment quite strongly punc-
tured along its border, but not channelled. The antenna; ferru-
ginous beneath, as also a spot toward the base of the clypeus. A
dot between the antennae, a line in the middle of the prothorax,
and the border of the wing scale fawn-colored or ferruginous.
Segments of the abdomen, all except the first, adorned with a

ODYNERUS.

181

rcj^iilar yellow border. Legs black, varied often with ferruginous.
Wings ferruginous with the end gray.

Var. The yellow passing into ferruginous and the ferruginous
into yellow.

i?e.s.s. a. diJF. — This species wonderfully resv . os those which
form the group of tlie 0. luisidenx, but it is sulliciently distinct
from it in the presence of the suture of the first segment of the
abdomen. It is also more slender.

Ilab. The temperate climes of Mexico. Valley of the Mex-
tillan. 4 9.

b. Abdomen more ovalo-conical ,' the hordsr of the 2d segment rugose, or

rcjlvxed. ^-y J i

(Section I, 6, Saus.'iukb Vespides, I, 139.) ^-'''^y /^
Group of the Odijtierus unifascialus. ^ / f.O^

S4. At Ullifasciatlis Sauss. — Gracilis, niger, cribri instar punctatus; j^i C/^M/" '^ ^
abdominis secundi seguienti margins canaliciilato, subrellexo, perru- .^k^;, /.♦*« **■
goso ; antenniasubtus ferrngineis ; punoto frontali et post-oculari, macula /

biloba pronoti,post-scutelloet abdominis primi segnienti margine, flavis.
— 9- Clypeo flavo-bipuuctato. — % . Clypeo, mandibulis et abd. secundi
segmenti, limbo, flavis. ;

Vnriat. 9 secuudo % tertio et quarto abd. segmento flavo-limbato.

Odynerus •mcinatus^ Say, Boston Jouru., 1, 1837, 286, 4. Say's Entom.

(Lk Conte), II, 7(j(), 4.
Odynerus unifascialus Sauss. Vespides, I, 138, 21 ; III, 205.

9* Total length, 14-15 mm. ; wing, 11 mm. ,

% . Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 8. ^

9. Form slender. Head and thorax cribrosc with groat
separated punctures. Clypeus convex, strongly punctured, widely
pyriform, terminated by two very small, near together and diverg-
ing teeth. Head strongly and densely punctured. Thorax cpiito
lengthened, a little retracted posteriorly, everywhere strongly
cribrosc with foraminiform punctures. Prothorax finely bordered,
without angles. Mesothorax presenting two grooves on its hinder
part. Metathorax very rugose above, reticulately shagrccned,
corrugated; its concavity quite flat, indistinctly striate and
punctate, without spines on the sides, superiorly bordered by an

• It is evidently not the 0. unifasciatus which Fabriciua described
under the name of Vespa uncinata, which is rather *hp Monnhia 4-dens,
because he says that all its markings are suowy-white, and that the siz«
is that of the Vespa maculata.

x<ii

ipl t/'lL

J'hrtiv.jrfcc.ini^hi

t-i^ n(/'^(. o-u. v^

/

a4A

/

4/\i^ cf ^'-.

182

HYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

:!lii

arcuate trenchant ridge. Abdomen slender; first segment a little
narrower than the 2d, distinctly truncate anteriorly, subpedicu-
lato at the base, with the anterior face smooth ; the superior face
slightly widened behind, bounded before by a strong sutural
ridge, very distinct. The abdomen very finely punctured, but
the 3d and following segments rather stvongly ko, and especially
the border of the 2d segment offering a wkh: zone, very strongly
cribrose, rugose, subchannelled, with sublurned up border. Near
the margin of the 1st segment one sees also a line of punctures.

Insect black, clothed with gray-ferruginous hair. Two lateral
dots on the clypeus, one behind each eyr a mark on the front,
yellow or ferruginous ; a bilobate spot in the middle of the pro-
thorax and post-scutel, wholly or partly yoUow. Wing scales
brown. Abdomen wholly black ; only the firat segment adorned
with a yellow border, suddenly widened on the sides (or joined
with two lateral spots). Tibiae and tarsi ferruginous or yellow ;
antennsB ferruginous beneath, black above, with the scape at times
wholly ferruginous at the base. Wings of a transparent brown,
with violet reflections, particularly obscure along the nervures.

Var. A rpot beneath the wings and a border on the 2d abdo-
minal segment, yellow.

%, Smaller. Antennae very large, terminated by a little
hook; clypeus yellow, with a triangular notch; labrum and man-
uibles before, yellow; post-scutol yellow, or only bipunctate with
yellow ; the 2d abdominal segment a little compressed at the
base, bordered with yellow; its margin a little sinuate, concave
arcuate in the middle above, more or less retrousse, compressed ;
the 3d and 4th segments often adorned with a fine yellow edging.
The border of the 1st segment often presents a little of red ; some-
times a little widened on the sides. With this species the orna-
ments are yellow-golden or sub-orange.

Var, a. A yellow dot under the wing. Border of the prothorax
entire, bilobate.

6. %. Post-scutel black. On the abdomen only two narrow
borders. (Illinois.)

c. %. Head and thorax entirely black ; mandib.cs margined
with yellow :, ist abd. segment narrowly, 2d very narrowly bor-
dered with yellow. (Florida.)

Bess. a. diff. — This Odynerus is quite easy to recognize hythe
very rugose and channelled border of the 2d segment ; by the

ODYNERUS.

183

unique bordering of the first sogujcnt, altliouprh cortaiii femalos
possess a second band like llie nialcs ; by its obscure face; by it?*
slender form, by its abdomen wliieii is not briefly sessile, and the
thickness of the border of the fir.st segment of the abdomen, which
causes the 2d segment to appear so subcompressed at its base.
See the 0. campedris, to v/hich it is closely allied.

Hah. The United States. Connecticut. Illinois. lou'a.
Prairies (Rio Pecos). Tennessee. North Carolina. 10 9; 12 S.

Obsei'vation. — Among the dried specimens one generally finds
the abdomen extremely swelled, as if the segments had been
violently distended. This peculiarity belongs especially to this
species and gives it an unusual appearance.

25. A. cainpestris Sauss. — Niger, grosse punctatus; metanoti foveola
Iiaud acute tuarginita, iiiermi, striata et grossn punctata; ab<loinini3
Sfgineutoium 2'-5' margine rugose punctato ; antennis subtua fulvia,
scnpo flavo-lineato; clypeo 9 flavo, macula atra, % emarginato, flavo;
puncto froi;! ili et post-ocuiari, pronoti et abd. segmentorura l'-3" liiubo
(primi utriuque aucto), post-scutello, maculia 2 scutelli maculaque sub
alari, tibiis et tarsis, flavis ; alia fusco-uebulosia.

Odynerus cavipestris Sa0SS. Vespides, I, 137, 18 ; III, 204, % .
9 • Total length, 13 mm. ; wing, 11 mm.

9. Head and thorax cribrose with great pits, quite visible to
the naked eye. Clypeus py '.foi-m, as wide as long, criljrosc with
great punctures; its anterior border small, bordered, subeoncavo,
upon the vertex often a little fossctte. Prothorax unarmed, finely
bordered, Mesothorax marked with two grooves; scutcl flat;
post-scutel short, sloping. Metathorax rounded, rugose ; its con-
cavity pronounced, but not limited; divided by a vertical carina
which bifurcates at the summit to form two arcs which indistinctly
border the cavity at the summit ; the middle and the bottom of
the concavity wrinkled ; the summit coarsely punctured. Abdo-
men ovalo-conic, punctured ; the first segment large, almost as
wide as the 2d ; borders of the segments 2-5 presenting a wide
coarsely punctured zone, rugose, but not turned up ; the border
of 2d segment sinuous, forming a concave arc.

Insect black, clothed with a grayish pile. Antennae ferrugi-
nous beneath. Clypeus yellow, with a triangular black spot.
A line on the scape of the antennaa, a spot on the front, one
behind each eye, border of the prothorax, a spot beneatli the
wing, wing scales, two dots on the scutel, post-scutel, and a

y'

r«

( I

,,.^

184

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

mm

iX

border upon segments 2-5 of tlio abdomen, knees, tlbiie, and
tarsi yellow ; the first segment of the abdomen liaving its border
widened upon the sides, or rather, confounded with two lateral
Bpots ; border of the bi\ much narrowed. Wings t aasparent,
but washed with brown-violet especially along the borders.

Var. Clypeus black with four yellow spots, segments 4 and 5
of the abdomen with no yellow border.

% . Clypeus omarginate, yellow ; mandibles yellow.

I possess a male very closely allied to A. unifasciatua %,
having also the margins of the 2d and 3d segments sinuous and
coarsely punctured. But it differs from this species in the smaller
hook of the antennae, in the metathorax, wholly rugose ; even on
its concavity, which is less defined and not striate ; in the first
abdominal segment, which is parted by a quite strong longitudinal
groove, and in the 2d segment more compressed at its base. It
has the same markings, unless the prothora,\ has a little less of
yellow in the middle. As this % has the metathorax rounded and
the wings slightly washed with brown, it seems that it cannot
but belong to the O. campestris, unless it represents a species
which may have escaped us.

It differs sometimes from the 0. campentris in its scutellum
deprived of spots and in the groove of the first segment which
approaches to it, as well as the sraallness of the anteunary hook
of the SijmmorpJms.

Bess. a. diff. — This species has the appearance of the 0.
parietum. It can be confounded not only with the Ancistrocerus
of this group, but with different Odyneri, properly speaking.

It differs from the 0. unifasciatus in its more stubbed form, its
less violet wings, the less upturned border of the 2d abdominal
segment, and in its livery, more rich in yellow (spot beneath the
wing, spots on the scutellum, etc.) ; from the 0. capra in its
metathoracic excavation without border, in its smaller size, its
more obscure wings, and the strong rugosities of the border of
the 2d and 3d segment, etc. ; from the O. Spinolse, in the same
characters, except that the wings of this last species are darker.

Hah. The United States. Pennsylvania. Illinois. Carolina.
Connecticut (7 9).

36. A. tubercilliceps Sau!«s. — Niger, grosse punctatns, plloso-velu-
tiiiiis ; iiianiiibulia, clypeo, oculoriim marginibiis, pedibus, pronoto,
teguli.4, scntellis, maculis subalaribus et metanoti, rufis ; antennia rnfis,
superne apioem veraua nigris ; abdomiue rufo, segmentis flavo margi-

0DYNERC8.

1H5

.

iiatis, lOet 20b.asl nigrescentibiis ; aeciindi niargine perrngoso, maxiiim
canalieulato, et reflexo; iilis f«rruginei3 apice iiKniinatis. — %, Clypeo
llavo, l>i(lentato; veitice uberculo nitido iiistrncto,
Odynerus tuberculocephalus^ Sauss. Vespidus, I, 139, 22 ; pi. xvi, flg. 9,

10a.
Odynerus luberculiceps, Ibid. Ill, 205.

9. Total length, 13 mm.; wing, 11 mm.

% . Total length, 9 mm. ; wiug, 8 mm.

Clypeus pyriform, strongly punctured, truncate, ami subbiden-
tatc at the extremity. Head strongly and densely piinoturod.
Behind the ocelli is a little, indistinct tubercle, shaped like a 4th
ocellus. Anterior ocellus very large. Thorax cribrose with largo
distinct points. Angles of the prothorax a little prolonged, sub-
dentiform; scutellum divided by a groove. Concavity of the
metathorax appearing punctured or rugosely striate, according
to the way in which it is seen, with the borders perfectly rounded;
there is only a little border at the summit in a feeble arch.
Abdomen punctured ; the 1st segment narrower than the 2d,
bordered by a slightly salient cordon ; the 2(1 having its margin
very strongly annulate, very strongly upturned, and very rugose,
a little sinuate in the middle.

Insect clothed with long gray or ferruginous bail', abdomen
velvety. Head and thorax black. Mandibles, clypeus, a dot
upon the front, border of the eyes, interrupted at the summit,
prothorax, scutcl, wing scales, two spots beneath the wings and
two others on the metathorax, of a ferruginous red. Mesothorax
with two red lines. Abdomen ferruginous, with the base of the
second segment and the anterior face of the first, blackish.
Posterior border of all the segments margined with yellow, but
this color often passing into ferruginous on the last segments.
Legs ferruginous ; femora black or spotted with ferruginous.
Antenna) red, with the se^^ond moiety black above. Wings
washed with ferruginous, wiili the end brownish.

%. Notably smaller. Clypeus bidentate, notched, yellow, as
well as the mandibles and a line on the scape of the antenna) ;
the flagellum with more of black; hook very small, ferruginous.
Tubercle on the vertex very much larger than that of the female,
distinct and shining. Concavity of the metathorax punctured,
with little or no superior border. Abdomen a little more com-

> Nomeu mendusum.

18G

IIYMENOl'TKUA OF AMEHICA.

[part I.

pressed at tho base of the seconu segment, the middle of sogmeiitg
1st, 2d goMurally black, tho red less dovolupod. Legs often varied
with yellow.

Var. Tho middle of tho prothorax a llttlo yellow. The black
encroaching upon tho rod. Tho scutels often black, bordered
with red ; tho nictathorax also often wholly black ; tho sculpture
of this last appears also to vary somewhat ; at times tho red is
more developed. Metathorax red ; flanks varied with red.

Itesti. a. diff. — Various Odi/ne.ruH, properly speaking, aro often
identical in color vnth this. Such aro the O. Morelise and Ouer-
reri, but they may be sufTieicntly distinguished from it by tho
absence of tho tubercle on tho vertex and of the suture upon tho
1st segment.

The 0. tubercnliceps hardly differs from tho 0. Sntterianus,
but by a less brilliant livery and by its prothorax slightly retracted
and angles less salient.

Hah. Tho temperate regions and the plateau of Mexico. I
have found this Odynerus common in the most various localities.
In the eastern Cordillera; in the valleys of Orizaba and of Jalapa,
of Uvero ; in the Sierra Madro ; in tho valley of Mextillan ; in
Iluastecaon tho Pacilic slope, and in tho province of Mechoacan,
about Morelia, Tuxpan, Zinapccuaro, Patzcuaro, and finally on
the plateau in tho valley of Mexico. IG 9, 18 %.

'Zif, A. Sutterianus *i. sp. — Niger, O. tubercuUcipiti simillimns; ver-
tice tubei'culato, proiioto valde biangulato ; abdominis st^cuudi s^gmenti
luarginn canaliculato, riigoso, refl^xo ; auteiniis aurantiis, apiue supra
nigrirt ; or», clypeo, fascia post-ooulari, frontis macula et lineolis 4,
pronoto antioe ; tegulis, macula subalari, post-scutello, maculia 2 scu-
telli, tibiis tarsisque, sulfnreis ; abdomine sulfureo, bagmentis lo, 20,
basi uigris ; alia ferrugiueis, apioe griaeis.

Total length, 12 mm. ; wing, 10 mm.

9. Form and punctures exactly like those of the 0. tubercu-
liceps; clypeus pyriform, finely bidcntate. Tho same tubercle
on tho vertex, appearing like a fourth ocellus, but the prothorax
not retracted before, more square ; the angles alone very salient,
diverging and prolonged, perhaps bluntly terminated, not forming
a sharp spine ; the abdomen a little more slender ; the margin
of the 2d segment a little less strongly upturned ; the border of

0DYNERU8.

18T

the first segment prccedcil by a little stronger zone of punctures
nnd Its suture a little more Halieut. JJortler of segments 2-4
sinuate in the middle.

Inseet bluek, elothed with yellowish hair. Mandibles and
elypeus yellow; this last very finely bordered with blaek and
often oflering on the summit a vertieal blaek line. A line behind
the eyes, a spot on the front, and a little vertieal line on their inner
border beneath the oeular sinus; these are blaek. Anterior
border of the prothora.v widely yellow; the yellow often
cneroaching upon the surface and extending along its hinder
borders. Teguhe, a spot beneath the wing, (^ost-scutel, two
spots on the scutel, yellow. Abdomen wholly yelu-w; the ante-
rior face of the first segment blaek, as well as u depression at the
base of the second and often a widened mark behind, on the first.
Legs yellow, eoxie and femora black. Antennie orange ; the
scape before yellow and the last third black, or obscure above.
Wings ferruginous, with the end gray. The markings are of a
suli)hur-yellow.

Var. Scape of the antenna; yellow with a blaek line above.

%. Smaller. Clypeus yellow, bidentate. Antennjc largo,
terminated by a small hook. Angles of prothora.v vcri/ mlicnt ;
border of 2d segment very rugose, more strongly refiexed ; 1st
and 2d segment with a great black square notch (variable), the
following segments black, bordered with 3'ellow. Anus black.

Reus. a. dijf. — This Odynerus may be almost considered as a
California variety of the 0. tuhcrciiUccp^, in which the red
markings have passed into yellow, all becoming reduced ; the
nietathorax being black, etc. This insect presents, like the 0.
mlfureus and like the Californian Polistes, a striking example of
the local influence of California which tends to give to insects a
uniform sulphur-yellow color by the augmentation in extent of
the yellow ornaments and the reduction of the d(;eper color.

Hah. California. I owe twenty individuals to the kindness of
Mr. Sutter and of Mr. Berton.

28. A. pilosiis Sauss. — Niger, longe nigro-pilosus, hirsutiis ; pronoto
angulivto, nietanoto ntrinque teiiuissirae l>ideiitcato ; primi abdominis
segmenti siitiira in facie antica sita ; 2' segmenti margine valde punctato ;
puncto froutali, piouoti margiue, fascia iuterrupta in scutello et in post-

188

IlYMKNOl'TKRA nl' AMKllICA.

[part I.

S
■^'i
<)

Hcutfllo, tegiili», aluloininiHiiuH flegiiiHiitorum I', ^' marginu, nlbiilirt ; alia
vix iiil'uuiatiii. — % , Clypeo alhido truimatd.

Oi/i/nems iiilosiu Saumh. Kt. Vexpidea, III, 1218, 111 (1S54).
JIab. I'uru. (Type in the museum of Puris.)

c. Aliilomrn not as sessili.; itsjirat segment narrowed, dtntlnrthj narrower than
the second, which is in the shujie of a hawk's Ml, with a rejUxed mnnjin,
Meiiilhurax nat excavated in the form nf a wide carily, but of a wide
channel.

S19. A. Arif^tac Sauss. — Medina, ulger, argenteo-aerlcPiiR ; punnto frontail
tit j)()sl-oculari lliivo ; thonice piuuitato ; pronoto valdo biangulato, iti
medio flavo-notato ; metaiioto convexo, in uieilio caiialiculato-diviso;
abdoiuino hand sessili, piiiuo segiueiito late iiifiiiidibulifonnl sutura
angulata, secundo ventrii!(i.so, niargine iiiaxinie canaliciilato, rugoso et
rellexo ; Kegiiieiitis oiunilius llavo-inargiiiatis ; alis ferniginelH. — 'J,.
Clypeo Have, bidentato ; aiitennia subtus ferruginein, scapo flavo-fasciato.

Odijnerns Ariatie Sauss. Revue Zool., IX, 18r)7, 274.

% . Total lengtli, 12 mm. ; wing, 10 mm.

Slzo moderate. Form wide, stubbed. Protlionix armed on
cacli side with a strong tooth, its anterior border wide and turned
uj). Post-scutel blunt. Alotatliorax forming two convexities,
swelled, separated by a profound striate furrow, whieh is divided
by a vertical carina ; the convexities bordered exteriorly by the
lateral edge of the metathorax which is prolonged as far as its
inferior extremity. Abdomen quite misshaped; the first segment
widely bell-shaped, the suture very distinct, not being straight,
but forming in the middle an angle directed backward; its
superior face short and wide, the posterior boi\i;>r formed by a
cordon, along which is a line of punctures. Second segment
V idened and a little I'etracted posteriorly in the form of a hawk's
i)ell; its posterior border tv?-?/ Kironghj canal iculate, very strongJij
vplurned, undulating in the middle. Head densely, thorax more
strongly but less densely puncturgd. First segment of the
abdomen slightly punctured near its border; the second segment
very much so toward its hinder part, and cribrosc with rugose
punctures in its strong flutings ; the following segments having
the borders punctured, especially in the middle.

Insect black; all its body covered with a beautiful silvery
velvet pile, above all on the abdomen which has beautiful reflec-

ODYNKKLii.

180

tions. A spot on the front, one bdiiiul the eye, a little liiu! in
Mio iniilUlu of tlio prothorux, yellow, 'rcj^iiliu blu(;k, Ijordorcd
with brown. All tlio scfj^nuMits of the ubdonioa regularly niurj^int'd
with yellow; the first earryiiifij but one luirrow yellow bund; the
seeond widely bordered. Lej^s blaek, knee.s, tibitu, uiid tiu'si
varied with ferruginous. Wing.s washed with yellowitsh, with the
end grayish.

^. Clypeus yellow, wider than long, notched in a half eirele
and strongly bidentate ; its teeth ([uito removed. Lal)runi and
mandibles yellow. Antennui black, teriuiiuited by u little hook,
ferruginous beneath, with a yellow lino on the scape.

Jiexs. a. diff. — A species very distinct by its form, by tho
angular suture of the lirst segment and l)y the very deep flutings
of tho secjnd; l)y its slightly sessile abdomen and its watery
reflections. IJy its velvety reflections, this species recalls the 0.
Parrcdcsi, but its forms are entirely ditferent.

Hab. The temperate regions of Mexico. I took two mules
about Yuutepec in tho south of the province of Mexico.

Division STENANCISTROCERUS.

Saussdre Vespidus, I, Beut. 1, c, p. 140 ; III, Suo. 2, p. 129.

Form lengthened; body slender and cylindrical, rather than
depressed. Prothorax little retracted or none, anrjulate ;
abdomen cylindrical or campanulate, often little sessile.
First segment bell-shaped, rounded before, or cHpuliform,
or in the form of a truncate or suhpediculate bell; often
lengthened, its two faces frequently not being distinctly
separated, but jjassing from one to the other convexly ; the
suture variable, often irregular, either a little .salient or
followed by a frayxsverse fluting, of ten placed on the anterior
face. Tlie ivhole insect strongly p)unctared ; the abdomen
in most cases coarsely jyu)\ctured.

The insects of this division are remarkable by their elonga-
tion, and by their cylindrical or compressed form. The clypeus
is generally narrower than in the Ancistrocerus, properly
speaking. The thorax is arched above, cribroso with great punc-
tures, and the grooves of the niesothorax, in general, wholly
wanting. The togula) are large and closely fitted, containing the
arch of the back, and behind these one sees an apophyse or

190

HYMENOPTEKA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

appendix, and on each side of the scutel is a distinct depression.
While ill the true Ancislrocerus the post-scutel is nearly always
truncate posteriorly, having a posterior face (with rare excep-
tions),' ill Stenor^ynerus it is not truncate but angulate posteriorly ;
the metathorax being produced a little beyond the post-scutel and
not so sharply truncate posteriorly, from which circumstance the
posterior angle of the post-scutel is not cut off. The posterior
plate of the metathorax never offers a basin regularly bordered
as in the true Aiicistrocerus, and with spiniform angles. The
abdomen is in general strongly punctured;''' the first segment
being also as much or more strongly punctured than those follow-
ing. This segment is sometimes convex, rounded, at times divided
into two distinct faces by the suture as with the true Odyncrus ;
but the superior face is often narrow and lengthened, not short
and wide as in the true Anrixtrocrruf!.

The suture is often placed at once on the declivity of the ante-
rior face of the first segment. It is subject to become indistinct,
so that one does not know whether to consider it as a suture or
a simple line of rugosities. Among certain species one perceives
a double rugose line and between the two lines a sort of fluting,
so that the segment appears to have two sutural lines.

The Sti'nancislrocerus have an appearance, which, when it is
known, permits one to distinguish them quite easily from the true
Ancistrocerus, the form being wider and more flattened. But
they resemble in so striking a manner certain Slenodijm'run, that
one can confound them with these last, and there are very many
species of each group with forms so correspondent, that without
the presence or the absence of the suture at the base of the
abdomen, one would confound them specifically. (Sec the Ody-
nerus of the Division StenodyncruH.)

In fine, I will indicate as an empirical guide, what may servo
to distinguish the AncUtrocerus, properly called, from the
Stenancistrocerus; in the first the band on the 1st abdominal
segment is in general either regular or widened on the sides,
while in the second it is either regular or retracted on the sides.

' Ancintrocenis clni/iilaliis Cress.

2 The species of South America, particularly those of Chili, often have
the abdouieu feebly punctured.

0DYNERU8.

191

Table to assist in the determitidtion of the species of Division

STENANClSTROCEBaS.'

1. Wings fascous.
2. Body black, ornaments luteons or yellow.

3. No separate spots on the second segment.

30.
31.

39.

f Azteeus.

l fjuudriseclus,

dejectus.

3, 3. Two separate spots on the second segment.
2, 2. Body black and rufous. 3(3. hislrio.

1, 1. Wings smoky or snbhyaline.

2. The first .'.bdoniinal segment rufous. 36. histrio.

3. Insect black and yellow (the fasciae sometimes rufous).

4. Second abdominal segment with a yellow spot on each side.

5. Segments 1st and I'd only, margined wit.!; yellow.

C. Scutel yellow ; first abdominal segment without separate
yellow spots, narrow. 33. obliqmis.

6, 6. Scutel black ; segments 1 and 2 with yellow spots, about

equally wide. ^^- / «<^<:^^<^'-i^'

39. l dejectus,

5, 5. More than two segments margined with yellow.

Segments 1, 2,4, margined with yellow. 42. occidentalis.
Segmentsl,2, 5, margined with yellow. 39. dejectus.
Segments 1-5 margined vr.'c.x yellow. 43. Paraeiisis,
4,4. Second abdominal segment without yellow spots.

5. First abdominal segment with a lateral spot on fascia ante-

riorly. 37. jfnlnpes.

40. I Bravo.
5, 5. First abdominal segment without lateral separate spot.

6. Only the first t\fo abdominal segments margined with

yellow or luteous.
7. Anterior margin only of prothorax adorned with yellow.
Species of South America. 34. incommodus.

Species of Mexico. 40. Brnnn.

Species of Chili. / amhl,jnm^

35. i sriibriiisculus,

7, 7. Posterior margin of prothorax adorned with yellow.

32. Fariasi.

6, 6. More than two yellow fascite.

7. Anteriormargin of prothorax yellow, 41. Gnzmam.
7,7. Posterior margin of prothorax yellow, or prothorax quite
^'*<^'^' 44. Sianichrasti.

' Compare also the tables of Division Ancistrocerus, prop. diet, (page
158), and of Division Stenodynerus.
» Vide BUpra, Division Ancistrocerus, prop. diet. p. 159, 9, et 162, 9.

192

IIYMENOPTEUA OF AMERICA.

[I'AUT I.

1. Form lengthened. Metathorax prolonged horizontally behind
the post-scutel, then truncate verticalhj ; offering above, in
the rear of the poHt-scutel, a mrt of eavitij limited poste-
riorly by a vertical plate divided by a fxfiure. First abdo-
minal segment entirely sessile, xoide, distinctly truncate
anteriorly, so as to form a sharp transverse ridge, its
suture indistinct, especially in the middle. Vertex of the
females offering two little mammse filled with hair. Males
nearly as large as the females.^

(Group of the 0. quadrisectus.)

(Sauss. Vespides, I, p. 145, Sect. 2d. — Division Pseudodijnerus.

Ibid. Ill, 220.)

30. A, Aztecus Sauss. — Gracilis, iiiger, nitidus, grosse foraminato-
punctatus ; vertice arcubus duobiis penieillatis instructo ; luetanoto
pone post-scutellum producto, postice foveolato, superne cristulam per
fissuram divisain ferente; abdomine dmse jmnotato ; antennis subtiia
ferrugineis, scapo flavo-lineato; uiand'buli- ^:> iis anticis, puncto fron-
tali ; clypeo $> lineolis 4, % omnino, pronoti at abd. segmentorum 1, 2
margine, post-scutello, macula subalari, nietanotl punctis G, et primi
segmt;nti puncto utrinque, luteis ; alls infuscatis violaceis.

Odi/nerus Aztecus Sauss. Revue de Zool., 1857, 275.

Total length, 15 mm. ; wing, 15 ram.

9. A species closely allied to the 0. i-sectus, liaving the same
form, but smaller. Clypeus pyriform, very coarsely punctured,
with a depressed point, and carrying toward the apex a vertical
groove. Head and thorax polished, cribrose with great holes.
On the vertex, behind the ocelli, one sees two tubercles of brown
hair; or a double bush of hair surrounding a -niooth space.
Anterior border of the prothorax slightly con;!.':'; Its angles
sharp. Metathorax not retracted behind; itfc ■■ p^^rior face
cribrose with strong punctures like the remainder of t lo thorax.
Its concavity smooth, excavated, finely punctured, with blunted
I)orders, except at its superior extremity, where it is terminated
by a little vertical plate. Abdomen quite slender ; its first seg-

' In the third volume of my Etudes sur la Fam. de Ve/^pides, p. 220, I
have placed in this Division the 0. luntunsuf, but it would be better placed
in the Subgenus Odynerus. (See below the corresponding Section formed
by this species )

ODYNERUS.

193

ment cribrose with punctures of a little less size than those of the
thorax, its suture distinct; near to its border, a badly marked
depression. The remainder of the abdomen less strongly and
densely punctured; the punctures throwing forth some short,
gray hairs.

Insect black. Antennaj ferruginous above. Mandibles before,
borders of the summit of the clypeus, two little lines toward its
base, a dot on the forehead, scape of the antenna) before, border
of the prothorax, a large spot beneath the wing, a dot on the
wing scale and its posterior appendix and post-scutel, of a pale
yellow. One sees in additi jn, six yellow spots on the metathorax,
two at the sides of the post-scutel, two on the angles of its
posterior plate, and two lines at the top of its concavity. Segments
1, 2, ornamented with a border of the same color, narrow, sub-
marginal, and at times interrupted on the 2d segment; the first
adorned in addition with two lateral dots which at times join
themselves to the border. Legs black, tarsi brownish, anterior
tibia) yellow before. Wings of a transparent brown with beauti-
ful violet reflections.

%. Clypeus bidentate, yellow, with a very fine black edging
all around it. Vertex with no hairy tubercles. A pale yellow
spot on the front. Hook of the antenna) brownish.

Var. Tiie yellow markings more or less extended ; the border-
ing of the prothorax interrupted, and the concavity of the meta-
thorax bordered witi. whitish.

Hab. The coast of Mexico. I caught 9 % near Tampico.

31> A. qiiadrisectus Say. — Validus, gracilis, grosse foraminato-
punctatus ; clypeo apice truncato ; corpore albido-variegato ; maculis
2 uiagiMs proDoti, macula subalari, post-scutello, maculis 2 magiiis
metanoti, abdominisque segmeutorum, 1', 2' limbo, albidis ; primo
superne albido, macula nigra ; alis nigro-violaceis.

Odynerus quadrisectus Say, Bost. Journ. 1, 1837, 385, 1. — Sacss. Et.

Vespides, III, 206.<— Say's Entom. (Le Conte), II, 765, 1.
Odynerus Bellone Lepel St. Farg. Hymen. II, 660, 40 (1841).— Sauss.

Et. Vespld., I, 146, 32, pi. xvi, fig. 10, ? .

Total length, 20 mm. ; wing, 16 mm.

' The variety fig. 1. o. pi. ix, fig. 9, J , is quite a different species. Comp.
Monobia maxiUaris.

18

/

cJ-

^-..

104

HYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

9. Of a shining 'lack, closely allied to the form of the 0.
Aztecus, but larger, and with the whitish markings more
developed. Upon the vertex two tubercles of brown hair. Body
equally cribrose with great punctures, but the metathora.x insen-
sibly retracted behind; and its vertical plate a little more elevated.
The second segment a little more swelled above, so as to imitate
a sort of indistinct tubercle. Mandibles often spotted with
yellow at their base. Clypeus black, ornamented toward the top
with two lateral yellow lines, its inferior extremity truncate and
cut out into a furrow rather than a groove. A line on the scape
of the antennaj, a spot on the forehead, two great triangular spots
on the prothorax, a spot beneath the wing, two dots on the wing
scales, post-scutcl, two great slashed spots on the metathorax and
the border of the first two segments of the abdomen, whitish.
The first segment yellow above, with a triangular black spot or
having at least two lateral spots reunited with the bordering.
Wings brown with violet reflections.

% . Clypeus of the same form with that of the female, offering
at the summit a white arc and below two white lengthened spots
(or almost entirely white) ; this color terminates toward the
bottom in four teeth and ofteti presents in the middle a black dot.
Hook of the antenna) ferruginous. No little hairy mamma) on
the vertex.

Var. a. Two yellow spots on the scutellura.

b. Post-scutel black. Two yellow spots on the prothorax and
two on the metathorax ; only two yiHow spots on the border of
the second segment of the abdomen (Sauss. Yespides, III, pi. ix,
fig. 9). This last variety nniy be noted as like that of St. Marte
in Columbia, in South America. It may very well bo a distinct
species from the 0. i-seclus.

Hah. The United States, especially at the South. I possess
specimens taken in Louisiana, Florida, Carolina, Tennessee,
Pennsylvania.

Itess. a. diff. — This species differs from the 0. Aztecus, by
the entire border of the clypeus, by its black antonnte and feet,
by its greater size, and by its always more extended ornaments.
These are in general whitish, at times of a i)ale golden. It bears
a great resemblance at times to the 0. luctuosus.

ODYNERUS.

195

2. Form very slender. Melathorax nut so distinctly produced
behind the post-scutel ; its concavity large, limits rather
well defined. First abdominal segment elongate, bell-shaped,
having a distinct suture.

(Group of 0. histrio.)

A. 'First segment of the abdomen rather funnel-shaped or bcll-
shajyed, truncate anteriorly.

32. A. Fariasi Sauss. — Sat minutus, gracilis, foraminato-piinctatus ;
pronoto bidentato, metathoracis foveola grosse punctata, angulata ; ab-
dominis primo segmento infundibuliformi, basi truncato, secundo
angustiore ; antennis et tarsis subtus ferrugineis ; pronoti marginibus
t«uuissimo albido-limbatis, post-scutelli limbo antico, macula subalari,
lineolis 2 in metanoti cautbis abdominisque vittis 2, albidis.— % . Cly-
peo albido, elongato, bidentato.

Odynerus Farias Sacss. Rev. de Zool., 1857, IX, 274.

9 % . Total length, 11 mm. , wing, 8 mm.

9. Slender, lengthened. Head densely cribrose with great
punctures. Clypeus bearing some great shallow punctures,
strongly bicarlnate toward the bottom. An impressed point on
the vertex. Thorax smooth, cribrose, with holes slightly sepa-
rated ; metathorax rugose above. Prothorax scarcely retracted
before ; its anterior border concave ; its angles spiniforra.
Metathorax retracted and slightly prolonged behind the post-
scutel, then truncate ; its posterior plate forming rather a
truncation than a concavity ; this plate a little triangular ;
widened at the summit, retracted below, its form sharply defined,
although with little or no border; having its latero-inforior
borders armed with a trenchant edge directed backward, and which
terminates infcriorly in two strong teeth between which fits the
base of the abdomen; the contour of the cavity angulate, forming
on each side a sharp angle, but which is not detached in the form
of a tooth ; the summit of the plate cribrose with great punc-
tures, but the lower portion is excavated into a striate furrow,
punctured, and divided by a vertical carina. The whole plate
defined in a manner comparable to a double pentagon, character-
istic of the Ancistrocerns, properly called (comp. p. 157, ex. 0.
capra), but here the pentagon is lengthened, higher than wide.
Abdomen lengthened, the first segment prolonged, bell-shaped,

196

HYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[PART I.

but truncate before, narrower than the 2(1 segment; its superior
face lengthened trapezoidal, offering at times a trace of a longi-
tudinal groove ; the suture distinct, placed on the anterior fourth
of the segment, but clearly separating the anterior and superior
faces. Second segment prolonged, slightly retracted at its base ;
its surface cribrosc with great, slightly separated, punctures,
more crowded toward the posterior extremity ; the following
segments finely punctured. Border of the 2d segment not chan-
nelled.

Insect black, with some gray reflections. Antennae ferrugi-
nous beneath. A dot on the front, an edging ornamenting the
anterior and the posterior border of the prothorax, a lino on each
side on the ridges of the metathorax, the anterior border of the
post-scutel and a spot beneath the wing, whitish, or pale-fawn
color. Posterior border of abdominal segments 1 and 2 orna-
mented by a whitish cordon ; that of the 2d segment very slender.
Knees and tarsi slightly ferruginous. Wings hyaline or washed
with brown. Tegulaj bordered with ferruginous; their appendix
very wide, squamiform, yellow.

Var. Two spots or yellow lines on the summit of the clypeus.

% . Abdomen more rugose, also more of venter ; the 2d seg-
ment more swelled, and more compressed sit its base ; no little
excavation on the vertex. Clypeus prolonged, terminated by
two blunt teeth, whitish; the carina of the front, the scape
beneath, and a line bordering the orbit as far as the bottom of
the sinus, whitish. Antennae fawn-colored beneath, with the last
articles black ; the hook black, lengthened and arcuate.

Bess. a. diff. — This species is very remarkable in the structure
of its metathorax. It approaches in its form to Symmorphus,
the first segment being narrower than the second and carapauu-
late, and the metathorax being truncate as in the Symmorphus ;
but it belongs distinctly to the subgenus Ancistrocerus, as is
evident from the absence of the distinct dividing groove of the
first abdominal segment, the cylindrical form of the thorax, the
prothorax not retracted, the kind of punctures, the pyriform
clypeus, and the presence of a large hook on the antennae of the
male ; the mesothorax offers no more longitudinal grooves ; the
post-scutel is not rugose, nor the 2d segment smooth as with the
Symmorphus. It has quite the form of the 0. incommodus, but

0DYNERU8.

197

is distinct from it in not having the border of the 2d sognieut at
all turned up.

Hab. The Mexicaa coast. Tampico and the barraucas of the
Cordillera. 15 ?, 12S.

33. A. obliqilUS Cresii. — Niger, nitidua, sulfareo-multipictua ; anten-
iiis basi flavis ; prouoti angu'i.s in duiiteta produutis ; luetanoto postice
plaiiato ; abdominis Heginenti < 1^ 2^ late Havo-maiginatin ; 2^ baai flavo'
liimacalato; lo valde pnnctato.Talde angustforequam secnndum ; sutura
distincta ; alia rugalosia, ooata et Btigmate ferruginesceutibus ; macula
radiali fusca.

Odjjnerua obliquua Ckbss. Philad. Ent. Proc, IV, 1865, 1G3.

Total length, 8.5 mm. ; wing, C.5 mm.

%. Small, punctate, very shining. Head circular. Thora.x
rather attenuated behind; prothora.^c square, polished ; its angles
rather dentiform; scutels flattened, polished; metathorax polished,
but slightly punctate, flattened behind, destitute of lateral angles,
with the lateral carina; not very sharp. Abdomen slender ; the
first segment small, half as wide as the second, rather elongate-
bell-shaped, punctate like the thora.x ; bearing an obsolete
depression ; its suture very distinct. Second segment ovate, as
long as wide, with effaced or delicate punctures, subtuberculate
above.

Black. Antennae fulvous beneath; the first two joints yellow,
mandibles yellow ; the forehead between the antenna;, sinus of
the eye, and a broad margin behind them, sulphur-yellow ; a
broad anterior margin on the prothorax ; the large tegulse, a
large spot beneath the wing, scutel, post-scutel, angles of meta-
thorax, a broad marginal fascia on the border of the first two
abdominal segments, and a spot on each side at the base of the
second segment, sulphur-yellow. Feet yellow ; coxa; black, the
1st and 2d pair yellow anteriorly ; posterior coxae and femora
black. Wings subhyaline, cloudy, principally at the extremity,
with a dark cloud in the radial cell ; the anterior costa and the
stigma rather ferruginous ; sometimes the wing is ferruginous
with its apex smoky.

9 . Clypeus pyriforra, punctate, bidentate, yellow, with its apex
black. — %. Clypeus yellow, rounded-pentagonal, terminated by
two little triangular teeth, separated by a triangular notch. The
yellow margin of the second segment is wide and regular ; that
of the first not so wide and rather narrowed on the sides.

198

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

m

iiwi

Jit'tis. a. diff. — In its size ontl colors, tliis has rather tho
appearance of 0. cingulalua, but is very distinct from it in its more
slender body; its metatborax, without bordered cavity ; its narrow
first abdominal segment, with the yellow margin narrowed, not
widened at the sides, and in the two yellow spots of the 2d seg-
ment. These spots and tho partly ferruginously tinged wings
distinguish it from all the other Stenancidroaerus.

Ilab. Cuba (Dr. Gundlach).

34. A. incommodiis Sauss.

Odynerus incommodtis Sahss. Ves<pides, I, 143, 29, 'J, 1852.
0. tolteco affinis species at diversa.

Hah. America meridionalis. Columbia (Typus in mus. Pari-
siensi).

B. First segment of the abdomen inform of a prolonged bell,
rather squarely-rounded, about as wide as the second seg-
ment, not contracted before.

a. First segme^it sharply truncate anteriorly.

35. A. scabriusculus Spin.— Parvnius, niger, gracillimus, elongatns,
cylindricus, valde punctatua ; clypeo J convexo, puuctato, apice tiuii-
cato; thorace elongato, autice lato, bidentato ; postiue augustiore ; ubi-
que grosse punctato ; nietanoti rngosi foveola punctata marginibns rngo-
sis, superue canthia protniuulis acatis marginata ; his a post-soatello
per fissuram sejuuctis ; abdomine gracillimo, cylindrico; primo seg-
mento basi distinote trunoato, supra grosse punctato ; secundo elongato,
dense punctuto ; baud latiore quam primum, margine liaud rugose ;
anteunis subtus ferrngineis ; puncto frontali et oculari, pronoti marginis
antici fascia sinnata, macula subalari, tegulis, post-scntello, abdomi-
nisque segmentorum 1', 2' limbo albidis ; tibiis extus albidis. Alis
hyalinis. Longit. 7.5 ram.

% . Clypeo emarginato, albido ; fascia in soapo et orbitarnm margine in-
terne, albidis.

Odytierus scahrlusculua Spinola, in Gay's Hist, fisica de Chile. Zool., VI,
2(j2.— Sauss. Vespides, I, 140,' 24 ; III, pi. xi, fig. 1, % .

Hab. Chili.

This Odynerus is remarkable by its very slender form and by
its first abdominal segment being sharply truncate, in such a

' Page 141, in place of: ferrwjineux, resid /oi-lement ponctui.

ODYNKKUS.

199

niunncr that there exists one anterior niul one superior face, dis-
tinclly separuli'il by a trenchant rid^-e whicii licnrrf tlu' indistinttt
suture. Tills segment is not eanipanulate, hut almost as wide
before as on Its posterior border.' Tho 2d segment is hardly
wider than the first.

h. First ahdominal segment mnre rounded anterinrli/, rather I'de <i square hell.
(^Metatliorax slighili/ prolonged behind the post-scutel ; then truncate ; its
concavity rounded. Bodj rugose.)

36. A. histrio Lep. — Gr.iciUimus, rugoslssime punotatna ; nietanoto
rugosissimo profunde foveolato, foveolte cantliis valde proinineiit.ibus
et acutia ; iiiger, antemiis, miicnla fiontali et oculaii, pronoto aiitice,
tegulis, macula 8ul)alari, post-scutello, metanoto iitrinque, aldoiuinis
priiuo segmeiito pedibusque rufls ; alls cyanesceiitibus.

Vuriat. Post-scutello et abdoiuiuis segiueutorum 1', vul 1', 2* luargine,
amantiacis.

Odynerus histrio Lep. St. Farg. Ilymduopt. II, 638, 23» (1841).— Sauss.

Vespides, I, 208, 112 ; III, 242.
f Odynerus ammonia Sauss. Ve-pide?, I, 144, 30 (1852).

Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 9 mm.

9. Form very slender and lengthened. Clypcus pyriform,
rugose, terminated by a little biangulate border, appearing bi-
dentate, because of a terminal fossettc. Head densely and strongly
punctate ; thorax coarsely cribrose, with very large depressed
points; the punctures a little separated; prothorax sliglitly
retracted before, subangulate ; metathorax retracted, rounded,
but its hinder plate very strongly excavated, offering a fossette,
punctured, rugose, bordered all around by very salient and
trenchant ridges, of which the summit is notched and sometimes
separated from the post-scutel by two grooves. First abdominal
segment lengthened, a little narrower than the 2d ; its superior
face very rugose, as strongly cribrose as the thorax, but more
densely ; covered like the metathorax with enormous reticulate
rugosities, and offeriHg a vague depression on its anterior part;
its irregular suture, placed but a little on the anterior face and
often followed by a fluting. Second segment prolonged and
slender, strongly punctured ; its border very coarsely punctured.

' In the fig. cited, this segment is badly represented ; it has not this
rounded form.
' Page 639, in place of 3 Hues, read 5 lines.

'Vis

i

200

IIYMENUPT£RA OF AMEUICA.

[I'AHT I.

Insect black. Mandibles, summit of the clypcus, the first two
or three orticles of the antcnnaj, a spot on the forehead, the inner
border of the orbits, or a spot in their ?inus, u spot behind the
summit of the eye ; two spots on the prothorax, teguhe, a ypot
under the wings, post-seutel, angles of the metathorax, first seg-
ment of the abdomen, and feet, red; bordering of the first two
segments of the abdomen, yellow. Wings brownish, with violet
reflections.

Var. a. Clypeus wholly red.

6. Second segment entirely black ; only presenting an inter-
rupted border.

c. The ridges which border the fossette of the metathorax
blunt, interrupted on the summit. The suture of the first seg-
ment eflFttccd by the punctures. Punctures notably less coarse.
(In general, some small females with the 2d segment bordered
with yellow.) Wings only smoky toward the end.

% . Sculpture very coarse. Clypeus punctate, shortly biden-
tate, pale yellow or orange. Scape of the antennae often adorned
with an orange line; Ihe flagellum like that of the female, or
wholly black, or ferruginous beneath in its Cist moiety ; hook
black. Size as with the female.

Var. A. Post-scutel yellow. The ornanients of the head and
those of the anterior part of the corselet, orange or yellow. Their
size variable.

B. Metathorax entirely red.

C No yellow band on the first segment; its base black.

D. The prothorax almost entirely red.

E. Second segment adorned with two yellow dots. (The 0.
ammonia.)

Bess. a. diff. — This species is distinct by the coarseness of the
punctures, by the strength o" the ridges of the metathorax, and
by the red ornaments of the body.

Hah. The Southern United States. Carolina. Florida, etc.
5 ?,4 ^ (E. Norton).

Observation. — We have not before our eyes a specimen which
corresponds to our description of the 0. ammonia Sauss., in which
the 2d abdominal segment is ornamented with two yellow spots
and the suture of the first very indistinct or wanting. We think,
however, that this Odynerus is but a variety of the 0. histrio.

ODYNfUUS.

201

ST. A. fulvlpes SArss.— NiutT, elongntim, cyliinlrieufl, crnsaisslni."
puiictatuH, llavo vel rufo nuiltipictim, fieijUHUter J iimcula iiieHOiioti
tiiiva ; nbdoiiiiiiis tfegiiieiitis valde piinctatlH 1^, ii^, |iml>o tlavo ; iniiiio
liirtuper utriiKiue fascia llava, et HUtura clnvata <li. ..ucta; Becumll
margiue pauluiu oaiialiuulato, paulum retlexu.

Odi/iienisjldviiien Sauhb. Vewpiiles I, 142, 27 (Syii. excl.;; pi. xvi, flg.
3, 9, I8r)2; HI, 20b.
■ Odijnerua falvipva Sauss. Vespldes, III, 205 (1854).

Total length, 12 mm. ; wiiig, 9 mm.

?. Form very sliMulcr, leiigthonetl, cylindrical. Clypoiis py-
riform, sligiitly truncato at th'j extremity, very coarsely cribrose,
especially toward the bottom. Head coarsely punctured. Thora.x
quite cylindrical, arched, very coarsely cribrose. Protliora.x
finely rimmed ; its angles a little dentiform, directed forward.
Metathorax slightly prolonged behind the post-scutel ; its hinder
plate strongly concave in all it.s width, strongly punctured ; its
borders a little trenchant or blunted by the very large reticulate
holes which occupy the superior face of the me'athorax, forming
sometimes at the summit two ridges separated from the ])ost-
scutel by a fissure, i^bdomen cylindrical, the first segment bell-
shaped, lengthened, as wide as the second; its suture distinct,
but placed upon the declivity of the anterior face, and often
followed by a groove; 2d segment cylindrical, not swelled, nor
wider than the. 1st. The first two segments strongly punctured
throughout the length of their posterior border, the border of the
2d lightly reflexed. The 2d segment offers some very large
sparse points beneath. The 3d segment is cribrose with immense
depressions, especially in the middle.

Insect black ; a spot on the mandibles, an arc on the summit
of the clypeus, a line on the scape of the antennsje, a spot on the
forehead, one in the sinus of the eyes, one behind jach eye, an
interrupted border on the prothorax, a spot under the wing,
another at the base of the disk of the mesothorax before tho
scutel, post-scutel, angles of the metathorax, regular border on
the 1st and 2d segments of the abdomen, and two oblique lines
on the sides of the first, orange. Tegula; red, spotted with yel-
low; their appendix yellow. Legs black, knees, tibiae, and tarsi
orange. Wings transparent, smoky, a little violet toward the end.

Var. a. No yellow spot bfefore the scutel.

6. Clypeus, metathorax, and femora black.

202

IIYMKNUI'TEIIA OF AMERICA.

[PAHT I.

r. Tli(( iimrlviiifrH pale yellow ; no Hjjot bi-fon' the sputt'Ilum.

<l. Soino individuals IVoin Florida have all llivir markiiij?;}
oraiij^^e or blood red. The wings art! a litlh; nioro wnioky.
Tlit'sc spet'init'ns arc also more strongly crilirosc, more nigosiv,
the lirst moiety of the antennie is reddish with a l)lack line on the
scape. One sees on the lirst se^;ment a transverse llnting whieli
passes along the suture, ospeeially distinet upon the siden, at
times etTaeed in the middle. As one iinds all the transitiotiH of
our type in theso individuals, I have ectneluded that it is but a
simple variety, formed l»y a nmre pcrlVet development of indi-
viduals under the inlluent-e of the heat of the elimate of the
souU'ern distriets. These individuals buvo no mesotboraciu spot
before the seutellum.

% . Almost as largo as the female. Clypous prolonged, poly-
gonal, bidentatc, yellow or whitish ; its teeth slightly variable,
at times bhiek; inner border of the orl)its yellow ; spots of tho
metalhorax snnill or wanting. Second segment of the abdomen
a little wider.

Rc.iiH. a, diff. — This species is difficult to distinguish from tho
0. HsecularU and the O. pcih'Hh'is. (See the description of theso
.species.) In other things it close' ipproachcs the 0. varjiix,
O. conforms, which have almost m marking, but do not

offer any suture on the 1st abdominal segment; a little less
similar also to the 0. collega and Xantia}iut<, which have, how-
ever, the 2d segment more swelled and which finally offer no
suture on the first abdominal segment.

One often sees the suture in this variety become feeble, seeming
then to form a transition to the O. vngns ; nevertheless, tho
nietathorax is always more rugose than in this species, and the
punctures of its thorax are stronger also.

• Hob. The Southern United States, Louisiana, Florida, Ten-
nessee, Illinois. 5 9, G 'S.

38. A. saecularis Sauss. — Niger, elongatns, gracilis, cylindricus,
grosse puiictatus ; flavo-tnultipictu.s ; 0. y/(/y/;>e<i« siuiillirans, sed ineta-
iioto rotuiidatiore, abdoiniuis primo segiuuuto grossius puuctato, supra
valde piinctato, antice Isevi, sutura vix perspicua ; segmentis 1-4 tlavo-
liiuliatis, primo insuper fascia interrupta llava ot secuudo macula
utrinque flava.

Odi/nerus scecularis Sauss. Et. Vesp., I, 142, 26.

ODYNEIIUH.

203

yonn, sculpture, livery, almost idcnticul with tiuit <»f tint ().
fiih'ipcii. T\u' sizo uuiy bo u little ios. hi fact it cuuiiot be
Ul.sliiigui.sliuil from this spt'cit's but by tho folhnvinj,^ churiK'terrt.

Prothorux not hiiviiij,' its uiij^-lfs ileutitbrm. ('(im'tivity of tho
nictuthorux having its borders iierhup.s u little luorc coarsely
punctured, more rijuudcd. First abdomiiuil scjjfmeiit more
stronj^yly cribrose; its punctures as strong as those of tht; thorax.
The suture feeble, but yet distinct. (The anterior face of the
(segment is smooth and the superior face is very coarsely cribroso
with little or no channel along tho suture.)

Tho livery dill'ers by the yellow being a little more extended
on the head, a wider yellow arc on tho clypeiis, and tho yellow
of the scape much extended at the base. Segments 3-4 also are
bordered with yellow and the 2d segment ornainenU'd on each
aide near ifn bane with a yellow apot ; tho two oblique spots of
tho first segment forming an interrupted band.

Vai'. Mesothorax above with or without yellow spot.

%. The metathorax is notably more rounded than with tho O.
fiihupex, and docs not form two lateral angles. Clypeus, nuin-
dibles, inner bor Nring of the orbits, and the legs, yellow, as well
as tho femora. The reimiining livery as with the fenude ; tho
1st segment ornamented with an interrupted band, and the 2d
with two lateral spots, yellow. No yellow spots on tho disk of
mesothorax.

In spite of these differences the 0. seeculai'is may bo but a
va}\ of the 0 fnlvipes.

Hess. a. diff. — Naturally, this species has a very great resem-
blance also to the 0. conformis and va(jus, but is distinguished
above all by its first abdominal segment, of which the great
punctures are suddanlij arrested on meeting the anterior face of
the segment so as to define the suture. It differs from the ().•
anormis by its more cylindrical abdomen, more strongly punc-
tured, with the 1st segment more lengthened, adorned with two
oblique bands and not with two yellow dots, Comparo also tho
0. deject us.

Hab. The Southern United States. 9 % from Tennessee.

Observation. — The 0. fulvipes, ssecularis, vagus, conformis
are types which appear almost to pass from one to the other and
of which it is dillicult to trace the precise limits. One should
take notice of tho first two for the variations of the same species

204

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

IS-

in which the suture tends to disappear or has itself well developed.
See also the A. vollega and XaiUianus.

39. A. dejectlis Crbsson. — Niger, clypeo valde emarginato, supernu
tiavo; ct<.piti.s luauulis, antenuarum scapo, pronoti luargine antico,
macula iiiesonoti eX suba'.ari, tegulis, post-scutello, raetanoti cantliis,
alxloiiiinis Heginutitoruiu 1', 2>, f)', tuaigiue tihiisqiie, ilavidis ; piiinn
alxloiuinis segiiiHiito valde punctato, utrinque fa^icia obliqua flavida ;
2'~^ utriiique macula Hava ; alls fuiico-hyalinis. 9 ■

Odifuerus dejectus Chesson, Philad. Ent. Proceed. IV, 1865, 164, 5.

Total length, 4.5 liu.

9. Opaque black, deeply and closely punctured; a line behind
the eyes near their summit, the sinus in front, a spot between the
insertion of the antennaj, and the basal half of the clypeus, deeply
and squarely emarginate before, obscure yellowish ; antenna;
black, the basal joint, except the apical half above, yellow.
Thorax; the anterior margin of the prothorax slightly interrupted
on the disk, a small quadrate spot on the disk of the mesothorax
posteriorly, tcgukc, a minute spot on each side just behind the
tegula;, a round spot on each side of the pleura, the post-scutelluni,
and an elongate mark on each side of the mctathorax, yellowish.
Legs black; tips of the four anterior femora, their tibiae, and the
posterior tibiae, except tips, yellowish. Abdomen robust, not
much contracted at base ; basal segment roughly punctured, with
a faint transverse suture at base, its apical margin bordereu in
the middle, continued along the lateral margin, and then produced
to within about one-fourth the width of the segment, yellowish ;
second segment large, convex, shining, finely punctured, more
strongly at the tip ; the apical margin above and beneath, and a
rounded spot on each side near the base, as well as the apical
margin of* the fifth segment, not quite reaching the sides, yellow.
Legs black, tips of the four anterior femora, their tibias, and tlie
posterior tibiae, except their tips, yellowish. Wings fusco-hyalii. j,
darker along the costa, darkest in the radial cell.

Hess. a. diff. — Closely allied to A. bacuensis, but it is distin-
guished by its more robust form, the spot on the disk of the
juesothorax, the absence of bands on the fourth and sixth sog-
L'lents of the abdomen, its black scutel, etc.

It is still more closely allied to A. saecularis, if not the same.

Hub. Cuba.

ODYNERUS.

205

40. A. Bravo Sauss. — O.fuliiiudi alfinissiinus, punotatissiraus, niger,
fulvo-piotus ; abdominis segniHiitis lo, 2P inaigine grojse puuctato,
fulvo; primo frequenter flavo-bipunctatc, sutiira di:4tiuota. 9'

Odynerus Bravo Sauss. Rev. de Zool., IX, 1857, 274.

Total length, 10 ram. ; wing, 8.5 mm.

9. The slender and lengthened form of 0. fulinpes ; size and
puncturing the same. Clypous pyriform, rugose, joineti to tlie fore-
head by a vertical carina ; its inferior extremity subemarginate.
Angles of the prothorax acute. Concavity of the metathorax
rugose, coarsely punctured ; its border quite trenchunt. Abdo-
men quite cylindrical; its first segment very great, as wide as the
second; its suture distinct, at times elevated and followed l)y a
groove. All the body cribrose with deep punctures forming
regular pits; abdomen almost as strongly punctured as the
thorax; the border of the first two segments insensibly depressed
and more strongly punctured, but neither channelled nor reflexed.
The following segments finely punctured.

The insect black. Mandibles brown ; antennae ferruginous
beneath with scape below yellowish. A dot on the forehead,
one in the sinus of each eye, and another behind each eye, often
a spot or an arc at the top of clypens, the anterior border of the
])rothorax, a spot under the wing, the post-scutel, and the lateral
edges of the metathorax, whitish (or changing into tawny).
Segments 1, 2 of the abdomen adorned with a regular whitish
border; first segment in addition on each side with a little oblique
line, or a spot, of th»^ ame color; one sees also a spot on the
mesothorax, before the scutellum Legs black; tibise and tarsi
ferruginous. Wings transparent, washed with brown, al)ove all
in the radial and along the side. Teguliu large, ferruginous or
pale, as well as the apophyses placed behind them.

Var. Mesothorax, metathorax, and first segment without spots.

lieKs. a. diff. — This species is very near to the O. fulvipe.A.
But this is a little smaller in size; and the thorax appears to me
a little more densely punctured. The markings are also less
abundant. However, one might consider it as a Mexican variety
of the same species, a little smaller, as in general the Odynerus
are smaller within the tropics, than in the north.

Hab. The coast of Mexico. I took 2 9 at Pueblo-Viejo near
Tampico; 2 9 taken near Cordova (Sumichnist).

ll

20 G

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

S I

4

3. Form slender, but the abdomen sometimes slender, sometimes
ovoid, especially among the %. Tlie first segment cupuli'
form, narrower than the 2d, having the suture indistinct,
of ten presenting a transverse fluting bordered by tioo traces
of sutures.^ Concavity of the metathorax generally small,
its borders indistinct.

(Grroup of the 0. occidentalis.)

The insects of this category offer at times two sutural lines on
the first segment of the abdomen (the second usually interrupted)
so that one feels the need of classing them in my Division Sub-
ancistrocerus (Vespides, III, 200; I, 120). But as all their
affinities tend toward the group of the 0. fulvipes, I think best
to leave them in the same division. The sutures become wholly
double in certain species or indistinct, so that one does not know
whether or not to take them for simple rugosities and class the
insects which carry them in the subgenus Odynerus (Division
Stenodynerus).

a. Suture of thef'st abdominal ser/ment rather strong; excavation of the
metallwrax somewhat distinctly margined.

41. A. Glizinani Sadss. — ParvuluR, niger, dense cribratns ; pro-
noto bidentato; metauoto perrngoso, foveola orbiculari punctata, sub-
tnarginata instructo; abdomine valde punctato ; primo segmento bi^su-
' turato ; secundi margiue maxima cribrato, subcanaliuulato; prothoracis
segmentoriuiique 1', 2' limbo, post-scutello, punctofroiitali et frequenter
subalari, flavis ; pedibus fulvo-variis ; tegulis maximis, llavo margiuatis.

Odynerus Guzmani Sauss. Rev. de Zool., IX, 1857, 275, % .

To*al length, 7 mm. ; wing, 6 mm.

% . Small. Prothorax wide ; its anterior border concave,
turned up, forming on each side a little tooth directed obliquely
forward. Head and thorax before coarsely cribroso throughout.
Scutel divided by a groove. Metathorax feebly prolonged behind
the post-scutel, then vertically truncate, extremely rugose ; its
middle occupied by a circular concavity, shining and cribrosc
with punctures ; a little rimmed, especially at the summit. First

I Sometimes the two sutures are feeble and difficult to distinguish. It
is necessary in that case to turu the insect into the proper light to per-
oeive them.

ODYNERUS.

201

abdominal segment cupuliform, notably less wide than the 2d,
coarsely punctured and rugose ; offering two irrggular sutural
lines, between which is a fluting or transverse furrow, apparently
interrui>ted in the middle. Border of this segment thick. Second
segment ovoid, swelled, but longer than wide, strongly punctured
above, especially toward the border, which is a little retracted
and channelled.

Insect black, clothed with a short grayish pile ; a spot on the
front, anterior border of the prothorax, post-scutel, a little dot
under the wing, and a regular border on the first two segments,
tawny-yellow. Tegulse ferruginous, bordered with yellow, or
yellow with a red dot. Legs black, tarsi and tibiic varied with
ferruginous or yellow. Wings sub-transparent, radius and radial
cellule brown.

%. Clypeus yellow, punctured, terminated by a split beak (or
by two little separated teeth) ; bordered with black laterally.
Antennaa black, with a yellow line on the scape.

Bess. a. diff. — This little Odynerus is easily recognized by its
first abdominal segment fortified with two sutural lines. These
sutures are but little salient and the second above all (posterior)
can be known by the border of the fluting, rather than by a
suture. Nevertheless I think the insect well characterized by
the configuration of this segment.

Hah. The temperate parts of Mexico. Mextitlon.

I dedicate this pretty species to Don Jose Mariano Guzman,
the Mexican naturalist whose amiable hospitality permitted me
to explore the beautiful valley of Mextitlan.

43. A. occidentalis Sadss. — Parvnius, niger, punctatissimus, meta-
noti rugosi foveola rotiindata, superne vix niarginata ; abdoiniiiia valde
punctati secundi segmenti margine paulum canaliculato grosse puuctato ;
puncto frontali et post-oculari, pronoti margine interrupto, macula sub-
alari, tegulis, post-scutello, abdominisque limbo segmentorum snpia 1,
2, 4, 5, 6 et subtus 2, 3, flavis.— '^ . Clypoo bidentato, autenuarum bcapo
antice, litura oculorum et pedibus, flavis.

Odynerus occidentalis Sauss. Rev. de Zool., IX, 1857, 274.

Total length, 6.5 ram. ; wing, i) mm.

Size very vsniall. Head circular. Ocelli large, arranged in a
regular triangle. Antenna3 inserted below the middle of the head.
Thorax wide before; its angles quite sharp, cut at a right angle.
Scutel parted by an indistinct longitudinal groove. Concavity

208

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

lit

H^

m

i?l'

of the mctathorax regular, in the form of a concave, punctured
scuUcap ; its borders wholly rounded and punctured, without
any spiniform angle ; the superior part slightly bordered by an
arcade. The latero-superlor parts of the metathorax quite
swelled and prolonging themselves a little behind the post-
scutellura. Abdomen wholly oval. First segment small, regu-
larly cupuliform; the suture feeble, placed (about) ou the anterior
third of the segment; behind the suture an insensible fluting can
be distinguished. Margin of the segment thick, followed by a
little compression at the base of the second. Thorax densely
cribrose with great points. Metathorax very rugose. Abdomen
strongly punctured; the second segment carrying along its border
a zone of great punctures and rather narrowly channelled.

Insect black. A spot on the front, another behind eacli eye,
the interrupted border of the prothorax, a spot under the wing,
post-scutel, tegulas, their apophyse annexed, and a spot on the
mesothorax before the scutel, yellow. Segments 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, of
the abdomen bordered with yellow above ; the third being only
beneath, the second equally bordered beneath; this last carrying
in addition on each side a yellow spot near its base; segments 4-7
brown beneath, without bordering. The borders regular. Legs
yellow, black at the base. Wings a little smoky, having a great
brown stigma.

%. Olypeus yellow, higher than wide, strongly punctured,
polygonal, terminated by two long separating teeth. Mandibles,
a long spot between the antennae, the inner border of the orbits
as far as the bottom of the sinus of the eyes, yellow; antennt^
large and long, black, with the scape before yellow, the hook
black; the haunches before, yellow. Extremity of the abdomen
brown, a little ferruginous beneath.

Var. Tegulae red. No spot on the disk of the mesothorax.

Bess. a. diff. — This little species is remarkable in the singular
distribution of the borderings of the abdomen.

Hab. Western Mexico. Sonora, Michoacan (3 % ).

43. A. Paraensis Sauss.

0. Paraensis Sadss. Vespides, III, 207, 95 (1854). •
Hab. Para (typus in Mus. Parisiensi).

' In the description, p. 208, line .'^th, instead of: huitiime cubitah, read:
troisiime cubitale.

ODYNERUS.

209

ead:

b. Suture of thejir*i abdominal segment not so stroncj. Excavation of mela-
thorux havinij its edges rounded, without precise limits.

44. A. Sliniiclirasti Saoss. 9 • — Oracilis, niger, grosae foraminato-crib-
raturi; at uietanoto parutu punutato, hand rugoso, fuveola parvula rotun-
data, haud niargiuata, post-suutelluiu attingentu, iustruuto ; abdoiiiine
valde puuctato ; primo sugmeuto utrinque ad suturam paruni pur^picuam
eabcanaliculato ; antennarum Boapo snbtus et pedibun partim, ferrugi-
neis ; puooto mandibularum, froDti8,8ammi clypei et po.st-oouIari, falvis ;
post-scutelli fascia tiara; abdomiuis seguieutia oiuuibuB late flavo-
margiuatis. 9 •

Odgnerus Sumichrasti Sauss. Rev. de Zool., IX, 1857, 275.

Total length, 9 mm. ; wing, 7 mm.

9. A species very near to the 0. huastecus. Clypeus a little
wider than long, bearing toward the bottom two salient cariuae
which appear like two teeth, between which is a little slightly
arcuate border. Thora.\ lengthened. Angles of prothorax dis-
tinct. Metathora.\ oflFering very trenchant lateral ridges ; its
concavity small, rounded, punctate, and striate, without defined
borders, but extending as far as the post-scutel. Head and
thorax very densely, strongly, and regularly punctured ; the
metathorax being notably lens strongly so; the same offering a
smooth space on each side of the post-scutel. Abdomen quite
lengthened, the first segment cupuliform, almost bell-shaped, quite
large, although smaller than the 2d, nearly as grossly punctured
as the th^ x, but smooth at its base, and offering an irregular,
hardly sensible suture (especially visible when one regards the
insect from before), which is not formed by a crest, but which is
rather the result of the coarseness of the sculpture. Behind this
suture the segment is creased on each side by a groove which
makes a portion of the sculpture and of which the posterior border
figures as a second interrupted suture. Second segment a little
swelled above at its base, strongly punctured, above all toward
its posterior border, which is not channelled but bordered by a
light cordon. The following segments more finely punctured.

Insect black, covered with a gray pile, especially on the meta-
thorax:; a spot at the top of the mandibles, a dot at the summit
of clypeus, another on the front, another in the sinus of each eye,
and one behind the eyes, ferruginous ; these dots often wanting
14

'i^

210

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[P/ RT I.

or very small. Scapo of the autciniaB beneath, tawny. Anterior
border of the post-scutel, yellow ; the rest of the thorax black,
except a yellow dot on the appendix of the wing scale, and a
rudiniont of an edging on each side before the wing scale along
the posterior border of the prc^thorax. All the segments of the
abuomeu widely and regularly bordered with yellow-golden ; the
first bordering more narrow, feebly notched in the middle.
Legs black, tibiue and tarsi varied with ferruginous. Wings
transparent.

Var. The posterior border of the prothorax edged with yellow.

Ress. a. diff. — A species very distinct by its nietathorax, smooth
or at least more smooth thar the rest of the thorax. Very near
to the little species of the group of 0. huastecus ; particularly
above all by its thorax to the 0. Peyroti, from which it hardly
diffors but by its narrower thorax and by the feeble suture of the
first segment. It differs from the 0. Fariasi, by its first abdo-
minal segment cup-shaped, not truncate-funnel-shaped, and de-
prived of the crest-shaped suture ; by its mctathorax less rugose
than the rest of the corselet, by its less sler.der form, etc.
These last characters distinguish it also from the A. occidentals,
Ouzmani, and the 0. fulvipes, which have a more pronounced
suture.

Hab. The temperate lands of Mexico. One female from the
hot regions of the province of Mexico, near Cuatitla (Morelos)
taken by my friend Mv. Sumichrast.

Division HYPANCISTROCERUS.
{Ilypancistrocerus Sau^s. Et. Veep., Ill, 222.)

Head swelled. Antennse inserted low upon the face. Superior
face of metathorax produced horizontally a little beyond the
post-scutel, then vertically truncate, the posterior face havimj
a deep orbicular cavity, with very sharp margins. Suture
of first segment very salient.

This type presents the extreme form of the elongate and
cylindrical Ancistrocerus. It forma a group corresponding to
Hypalastoroides, by its slender body and the peculiar shape of
its metathorax.

0DYNERU8.

Sll

45« A. advena Sacs?. — Oracilis, cylindricus, punctatas, niger, thorace
antice lato, augulato, pooticu atteuuato; metatlioracH pauluin ultra post-
scutellum piuducto, truiicato, foveola tiuperue setnioirculariter acute
marginata, uiargine utriiique iufere augulato; ic SHgmeuto angustiore
quam 2uni, aiitice truucato; 2<^ supernu Lasi ooarctato, subtulnsrculato;
anteimia fulvis, Hagello superue nigro; onpitis maculis, pronoti margine
antioo et postico, macula subalari et prsescutellari, tegulis partim,
Tiietanoti abdominisque segmentorum marginibus anguate, tlivis ; priiul
segineuti fascia utrinque lateialiter coutinuata; pedibua uavis, nigro-
variis ; alis infumatis. 9 • Longit* 9 mm.

Odynerus advena Sadss. Et. Vesp. Ill, 222, 117; pi. zi, fig. 3, 4, 9«
Hab. — Brasilia (Typus in Mus. Londinensi;.

1)1(1 (he
)uture

Division ANCISTROCEROIDES.
{Anciitroceroides Saups. Et. Vesp. Ill, 221 ; I, 146, III« Divis.)

Second cubital cell of the anteriortuing suhpediinculate. (Ife-
talhorax excavated, armed on each side with a spine.)

46> 4. alastoroides Sacss. — Oracilis, niger ; capite et thorace pnno-
tatis ; clypeo ^ bidentato ; pronoto antice lato, qnadratim secto, post-
souttillo bituberculato ; metathorace valde ezcayato, ai ' > marginato,
utrinque spinoso ; abdomine sericante, in basi 2* segme.^ i constricto ;
1<^ segmento superne sulco partito; clypeo, punoto mandibularum,
puucto frontal! et post-oculari, orbitis internis, linea scapi, pronoti
tuargine postico, macula subalari, linea utrinque metanoti infere et
fascia scutelli, tiavis ; antennis subtus et tegnlis fusois ; abdominis
segmentis 10-30 fiavo-limbatis ; pedibus fuscis, flavo-lineatiB; alia in-

' infumatis. % Longit. 10 mm.

Odyntrus alastoroides Sadss. Et. Vesp. 1, 147, 33, ^ .

Hab. Montevideo.

This species might almost be placed in the genus Alastor (sub-
genus Alastoroides), where it would form a section, characterized
by the 2d cell of the wing being subpedunculate only, and by
the presence of spines on the metathorax.

212

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

Subgenus ODYNBRUS' Latk. (sensu strictiore).

Leionotus Sauss. Et. VeHp. I, IT)!. — Otli/nerus propr, diet. Sauss.

ibid. Ill, 223.

First segment of the abdomen without any transverse suture.
Antennee of males terminated by a hook, or simple (or a
little vurled at the extremity, only in Hypudynerus).
Mandibles of the males simple.

This subgenns contains insects of the most varied forms ; types
stubbed or elongate, with the abdomen sessile and conical or
subpetiolate with the first segment funnel-shaped.

The species with a quite sessile abdomen have been detached
into the genus lihynchium, and that with the most petiolate
abdomen into the genus Nortonia.

The limits between this subgenus and the subgenus Epipona
are not clearly defined. In subgoims Odynerus the abdomen is
conical, ovate-conical or subpetiolate, spindle-shaped. In sub-
genus Epipona it is depressed oval, lenticular as in Pterochilus.
In Odynerus the thorax is more square, its anterior r.^argin being
straight or concave, its angles often sharp, and the metathorax is
generally excavated in the middle. In Epipona, the thora.; is
short, ovate ; its anterior margin rather convex ; the metathorax
convex and rounded.

The two groups can be easily distinguished by the appearance,
but not readily by the description alone. We separate the sub-
genus Odynerus into four divisions for the better arrangement
of the species. Unfortunately the transitions from one form to
another are so gradual, that it seems impossible to define them
clearly enough. But this is the greatest difficulty in all the
divisions of the genus Odynerus.

These four divisions are as follows: —

1. Hypodynerus. — Body depressed or stubbed. Thorax not
angulate before. Abdomen rather petiolate or sessile, depressed ;
the first segment either quite funnel-shaped as in Montezumia
or peculiarly cut, so that its triangular anterior face fits against
the metathorax and its superior face is transverse, very short,
parted by a groove; the separating ridge rounded or swelled like
a transverse pad. Post-scutel not distinctly truncate.

I Consnit. at the end of the genon, the list of the species intertce sedis and
of the species dubia.

0DYNERU8.

818

Body hirsute with a iong pile. Antenna) of males termiuated
by a long hook or spirally eiirled at the extremity.

These are insects of Chili or the occidental side of the South
American Andes, ad&rned with sulphur-white and often with
rufous bands, having the wings obscure or ferruginous with the
extremity obscure.

2. Paciiodynerus.— Body stubbed. Thorax quadrate. Abdo-
men quite sessile, very conical, truncate at base. Post-scutel
truncate. Autenn® simple in the males, not terminated by a
book.

3. Odynerus. — Form about the same as in PachodnneruH ;
abdomen sometimes more ovate-conical, the first segment being a
little contracted. Post-scutel generally truncate. Antennae of
the males terminated by a hook.

4. Stenodynerus. — Form slender. Abdomen cylindrical,
slender, subsessile; or spindle-shaped, attenuate at base, the first
segment small, cup-shaped or funnel-shaped, not very sessile.
Post-scutel eu'iire or trnncate. Antennae of the males terminated
by a hook.

The separation of these Divisions being difficult, they will be
defined more fully hereafter.

Division HYPODYNERUS.
(Sadbs. Vespides, III, 225 ; ibid. I (2d division), p. 160.)

Forms of insects depressed, velvety, bristling with long hair.
Thorax little or not at all anjulate. Abdomen pedicellate or
sessile, with the 2d segment wide, dep>ressed ; the first vari-
able but almost always formed according to the same system,
offering a triangular anterior face which fits itself against
the metathorax and a superior face, very short, divided by
a groove ; the meeting of these two faces forming a boss or
a transverse saddle-ba. . Sometimes, however, the first
segment is simply depressed beii-shaped. The abdomen is
not conic, but oval, depressed.

These insects which represent the fauna of Odynerus of certain
regions of South America, offer an appearance very easy to define,
in view of the variety of their forms.

Above all, one can distinguish them by their velvety or long

214

UYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

black hair with which they are bristling, and by thoir exceptional
livory. They have the wing for the most jiurt strongly redJcned,
with the end of a brown-violet or entirely brownish ; the feet red
or black, often also the antennaj, tcgula; and the clypeus 5 , red ;
sometimes even the prothorax. Almost all carry some yvUow-
white markings, and have two bands of the same color on the
abdomen. Among these insects the posterior face of the meta-
thorax is neither more smooth nor more rugose than the rest of
the thorax; it offers the same appearance, which is quite excep-
tional among the Odynerus.

Very many of these Odynerus Lave at the base of the 2d seg-
ment beneath, a fold, which seen in profile, appears like a tubercle,
some specimens presenting even an acute tubercle. The clypeus
of the females is pyriform, truncate, or subemarginate at the end,
black or red. That of the males is narrow, lengthened, biden-
tate, and of a pale yellow color.

The form also is generally very characteristic. The posterior
face of the metathorax is not shaped like that of a true Odijneriis,
but in a sort of pentagon, growing larger from its inferior extroiiiity
as far as the middle, where are the lateral angles, then finely re-
tracted as far as the post-scutel, forming with it somelatero-superior
ridges vrhich converge from below upward (the post-.scutel forming
the 5th side of the pentagon); here the posterior face of the
metathorax is generally triangular ; it widens as far as the sum-
mit and the marginal ridges, at which place they are distinct,
straight, and oblique, converging toward the bottom. There
remains then only the latero-inferior ridges of the metathorax.
(0. hximeralis.)

This conformation of the metathorax involves an analogous
configuration in the 1st abdominal segment, for this is always
such, that it in a manner conforms itself to the metathorax so
that it places, or exactly fits its anterior face against the posterior
face of the metathorax (and this results from the fact that the
two pieces are applied against ecch other during the period of
the metamorphosis so that they are in reality moulded against
each other).

The first abdominal segment has also its anterior face tri-
angular, and the depressed form of the abdomen causes the supe-
rior border of the triangle to be but a little arcuate.

As the metathorax is quite vertically truncate, the first segment

ODYNEllUS.

'215

applies itself exactly against it, and it results that the nujH'rioi'
luce of this segment meets the anterior faee almost at a right
angle. This face is very short, .sometimes four or livt- timi.'S wider
than long (sometimes, liowcvifr, it has but little width).

This structure is always the same, theoretically speaking, but it
becomes less and less marked in the extreme types. 80, when
the first segment is potiolate and narrow, it oidy fits itself against
the middle of the metathorax which oflers then a sort of furrt)\v
to receive it, while the lateral borders of the nietath(»rux, renuiiii-
ing disengaged, become rounded (0. arruatun, tnhcrfulatux).
When the form becomes very club-shaped and the abdomen sessile,
the first segment is wide, triangular, sessile (0. AtiluccnHiH,
villoaus), and fits itself exactly upon the whole width of the mijta-
thorax; then this is flattened or excavated in its whole width,
and its lateral borders become quite trenchant. Finally, when the
first segnient becomes rounded and sessile and when it no longer
fits itself as strongly against the metathorax, the ))orders of the
metathorax become blunted and rounded (O. vetipiformis) and
one sees it produce a form quite similar to that of the Vespa.

It is easy to understand from what precedes, that the abdomen
will have two forms according to the way in which one regards
it.* If it is fitted against the abdomen it will appear sessile, for
one sees only its very short superior face; if it is open it will
appear more or less pediculate, for, the anterior face being tri-
angular, it forms, when it is let down, a sort of petiole having a
bell-shaped form, which would not happen if the anterior face
was more or less circular.

One sees then that the petiole is only the result of a deceitful
appearance of the abdomen placed in an abnormal position,'^ very
dififerent in this from that which the Eamenea oiTers, where the
petiole exists separately and cannot be disguised by any position
of the abdomen whatever. It proceeds from this fact that the
lengthened types of the Division Hypodi/nrrns belong truly to
Odynerus, and not to Eumenes, as Spinola decided, nor to Nor-
tonia, as one might be tempted to judge at first sight.

The Hijpodifnerus offcn's all degrees of prolongation of body

' Take, for example, the 0. luhidtns or tli« 0. Iinmonlls as average types.
2 Tlie normal positiou of the abdomen is wheu it is applied agaiust the
metiithorax.

210

nYMKNOl'TEHA OF AMKIMCA.

[VAllT I.

from the nioro sloiidfr types which form a pasHngc from Nortonia
up to the niort) bluiitt'U Hpecics which Hcom to form u truiisitiou
from Ve»pa {(). veHpi/onnix).

Those singular Odyneri form the fauna of Chili and of tlio
western face of the Andes. They continue, however, to overleap
the chain of tlie Andes, to show themselves in the Ar}?entiiie
Republic, for the 0. albocinctus is proved to inhabit that country
on the western slo[)e of Si)Uth America.

Some analofjous types extend upon the side of the Equator and
of New Grenada, and appear to pause toward the direction of
Venezuela. But yet these offer some altered characters, the
markings become golden-yellow {<). Jiomandinm), and the forms
are generally more like those of the Division Odi/nerus.

If the Hi/]y)dij»erus form the foundation of the fauna of the
Odyneri of the southern coast of the Pacific, they are not, how-
ever, the unique type of that region. One finds there, also, the
AtvislroceruH (0, scabriuHculun, ambiguus, etc.) and the true
OdyneruH {O.Oayi, O. Pcruensia, etc.). IJut as we have indicated
above, the characters of tho livery which are so marked among
the IhjpodyneruH, reproduce themselves more or less among all
the solitary wasps of Chili,' although they do not continue among
the hymenoptera of other families which inhabit the same countries.

In tho arrangement of species, I have here followed the series
created by the modification of forms, commencing with the more
lengthened, and finishing with the more blunted.

I give the complete diagnosis of the sperics which I possess,
but * lust limit my.sclf to some short diagnostic phrases for those
which I have not before my eyes.

Table to assist in dislinyuishing the species of the Division Hypodynbrds.

•'1. Wings fuscous with violet or cloudy reflections.

2. Body and antennsB <juite black ; Ist abd. seginHnt funnel-shaped.

47. Tapiensis
2, 2. Body ornamented with luteous bauds ; abdomen sessile.
3. Anteunffi and feet rufous. 59. villosus.

3, 3. Antennte black, the scape rufous; feet rufous, obscure, passing

into black. 60. obscuripennis.

1, 1. Wings ferruginous, with the extremity fusco-violaoeus.
2. Prothorax rufous.
3. Antenna rufous, with the extremity black.

I Compare the former page 13, gayella ; 50 No. 45 ; 1G2 No. 9, etc.

ODYNKHUa.

21T

63. ri(/ico//».

57. Ttirabucentii.

1. Firot abdoiuiual Hugmeiit tuburuulatH beforH its grnoru.

51. ttilitrvuliitus.
4,4. FirBt alMlominal Hegment not tulieroulate.

50. hHineriills,
3, 3. Antennte fiitirely rufous.
2, 2. Frotborax black or bonlnred with Inteous.
3. AutttuiiiB black on tlie superior facu.

4. Tiieir dfHt Joint rufoud.
4, 4. TUe wtiole autennu) biack above.

5. Tlie 2(1 ubd.Hegiuunttuberculale above. 40. exclpienJiis.

5, 5. Tlie 2d abd. segment not tubttroulntu abovu.

6. Abdouieu ratlier putiolate; hinder niurgin of prothorax
jrellow ; 2d abd. segniuut uot tuburoulate beneath.

48. arrudtus.
6,6. Abdomen more BesRilH ; anterior margin of protliorax yel-
low ; 2d abd. segment tuberuulate buneath.

55. ventituM.
3, 3. Antennae rufous, or black only at the extremity.

4, Second abdontinal segment tubercuiate beneath, at its base.

5. Metatliorax without sliarp t-dges, nut bidentate.

6. Small, poBt-scutel luteous ; olypeus 9 black.

52. tubercul'.ventris,

6, 6. Larger, post-scutel black.

7. Two lutooiis bunds on the abdomen.'

8. The hinder margin of the prothorax bordered with

luteous ; clypeua } black. G5. res/tiforiiiis.

8, 8. Prothorax not margined posteriorly witli luteous.

9. Abdomen rnllit-r petiolate, the 1st abd. segment
much narrower than the 2d ; prothorax anteriorly
margined with luteous. 54. labialus,

9, 9. Abdomen sessile ; the 1st abd. segment sessile,

wide ; prothorax black. 1)4. Mnypinua.

7, 7. Only one luieous band, placed on the 1st segment; this

as wide as the 2d, sessile. 61. Antucenm,

5, 5. Metatliorax sharp, biangulate. 62. Chillotus.

4,4. Second abdonm..! segment without distinct tubercle beneath.
6. Clypeus 9 rufous. 53. Molina.

6, 5. Clypens 9 black.

6. Pronotum and segments 1, 2, margined with luteous.

50. subpetiolutun.
6, 6. Only the first segment margined with luteous.

58. albocinctus.

Wanting in some varieties.

Wfffmm

11*

218

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

Detcription of the species.

I. First segment of the abdomen bfll-s/iapcd, not offering two
fares xrparated by a ridge, bid i>\jriforni, uniformly a little
comb-shaped. Appearance of Monte/umia.

Tlicse insects can also nearly fif^ure in the genus Nortonia, but
the concave form of the niotathorax brings it rather nearer to the
Odynerus of this Division.

47. O. Tapiensis Sadss. — Oinnino iiiger; cipite et thorace punctatis
veUitini?, nigro-hirsutis ; tliorace (lepres.-<(); iiietiillioiace utriiiijue later-
aliter, superne, valde cariiiato, et in foveola v«lutino; abdoniiiiH niiido
dwpresso, prii'io sogmento iiifundibulifornii ; pe<libua rufis, basi iiigris;
alis uigro-chalybmis. J?. — ^. Clypco argeiitato, bideutato, femoribus
iiitermediia gubtus iu medio dilatatis, basi uxcisid.

Odynerus Tapiensis Sacss. Revue de Zool., XXII, 1870, 56, 5 ^. <

Total I«ngth, 20 mm. ; wing, 17 mm.

%. Facies of a Montezumia. Mandibles slender and styli-
forni. Ocelli large, disposed in a very wide iriangle. Thorax
wide and strongly depressed. Prothorax widely truncate and a
little turned up. Post-scutel not truncate. Metathorax having
its lateral ridges very salient and trenchant toward the summit;
its posterior face triangular, widening ui)\vard; the concavity
quite plain, but rugose and velvety; its superior ridges n<it di.s-
tinct. Abdomen wide and depressed; the first segnient pyriforra
bell-shaped, depressed, snbpediculato at its base and posteriorly
divided Ijy a strong groove ; the 2d segment depressed, almost
discoidal ; offering beneath, at its base, an elevated wrinkle.

liisect of a deep black; head and thorax densely punctured
and velvety; strongly pilose, woolly and bristling with long Ijlack
hairs. Abdom(>n smooth, shining, woolly at its base. Legs
ferruginous with the base black. Wings black, with violet or
greenish reflections.

%. Clypeus almost as wide as long, polygonal, clothed with
silvery hair, arched in its superior moiety; its latero-inferior
borders a little concave; its extremity terminated by two spini-
forni teeth, between which is an arcuate notch. Antenna; strong;
the first article short, large, ai^d arcuate; those following, strongly
pronounced, the articulations almost nodulose above; the last
article forming a large compressed and arcuate hook. Thighs of

0DYNERU8.

219

the 2d pair slightly bent in the first third, offering beneath in the
middle a dilation, lamellate, oblique, preceded by a wide notch
and channelled on its anterior face.

Bess. a. diff. — This little species is very distinct in its numerous
characteristics. One cannot confound it with any Htjpodijncrua,
in view of its uniform black color and its infundibulifurm first
abdominal segment, which does not offer an anterior and posterior
face, separated by a transverse ridge, etc. Its ap})carance is tliat
of MonU'.zamia and of Norlonia. Jt is distinct from these irencra
by the triangular form of the metathorax which recalls -iiy int^ni
of the ihonix of Jlijpodi/nerus. The ma.xillary palpi ar stri'n,.;Iy
()-articulate, the (Uh article being longer than the 5th; i .;'' lu'-inl
)»alpi have but three large articles; the 4th is very small, almost
rudimentary, which indicates a passage from Montezamia and
from Monobia.

11(d). The elevated regions of the Republic of Ecuador. It
was taken by Dr. Maurice Wagner on the plateau of Tapia at
till' foot of Chimljorazo. (In collection of the author and collec-
tion of the Museum of Munich.)

Obscri'ation. — The silvery hair of the clypeus is subject to fall
olf, especially in the middle of this piece. The clypeus is often,
for this reason, only bcrdered with silver.

ured
lack

Legs
.'t or

with
!rior
>ini-
ong;

last
IS of

II. Fir.'<t segment of the abdomen offering an anterior and a
superior fare ; these tivofaees sejmruted hij a sort of trans-
verse ridge or swelling (the true IIyi'ouynehls).

A. Form mwh lengthened : frst abdominal segment small, nar-
roio, nodiform or peduneuliform, verij much norrower than
the 2d; its (inferior five in a lengthened triangle. — Meta-
thorax with rounded angles; its excavation founiiig a wido
vertical furrow.

4S. O. tfrciiatlis Sauss.— Niger, velutinns, uigro-pilosiis ve) la'vis,
j)Uii<tu!iit«> ; luftiiiioto nie-lio late raii.iliculato, polito; ali.loniine
dryrmtifto ; frUnn Hegineiito trigoiiali, petiolato-oainpanulato, pa**!)!* duplo
aniiiistiore (jnam nefnii<luin, supra trausvt'rsiin tiiniido, apicis piincto
valde Hwprspso; s^cundo iihc supra iiei; sntttns f nlinrcnlato ; antennia
nljrri«, ««♦/<«*< hitfi f*errngiii»'ifi ; punctulo frontis liiteo; proiinti ct
atxloiiiinia n.'Km^'tvtornni 1', 2' mar-rine postii'o, albido ; tegulis pedi-
l)u?'<|iie ferrugil)^'i^^. his ba.si uigritf ; alls ferrugiueia, apiee fu-sco-cyatieis.
— Lungit. 15 uiii.

mmfmm

220

lIYMENUl'TKRA OF AMEPI:A.

[part I.

9 . Clypeo suboonvexo, nlgro, apice recte-bicar nato, submarginato.

% . Clypeo luteo, argeiitato, bidentato, lineola ]<ost-oculari albida ; anten-

narimi nncino et articulo prcecwlent:, ferrug'neis.
Vaiiat. Tboraois et abdouiiuis lituris rudiu.eiitariis, incompletis, paeue

iiullis, Vi'l pronoto iiigro.

Odijnerns arcuutm Sauss. Vespides, I, IGO, Al (1852) ; III, 326.

This species can be regarded as the ChiMijti type of the genus
Nurtonia, and places itself in this genus, since all its characters
attach it to the Odynerns of this division, but with a particular
prolongation of the first abdominal segment.

It is most closely allied to O. vestilus and excipiendus (Corap.
these species).

Hab. Chili.

49. O. excipiendus Spin. — Niger, velntinns, 0. arcunto simillimus,
sed luetanotu pustice uiagi:) punctato ; abdominis priuio segmeuto superut)
uiinus tiiuiido; secundo ,s«gmeiito medio in tuberculum pioducto; seg-
meiitis lo, 20 luteo-marginatis, vel fere omnino nign.-*; aiitennis nigris ;
pi-dibu:) rufis, baui nigris ; alis ferrugineis, <ipic-e fusco-cyaneis. — Longit.
14 mm.

9 • Clypeo nigro, planato, apiee bidentato et carinulis 2 sinuatis instructo.
%. (Mypeo emarginato, luteo, uigro-piloso, utrinque nigro-marginato ;
antennaram uncino nigro.

Eumenes excipienda Si>in. in Gay's Hist, fisio de Chil«, Zool. VI, 2l)6,

1 (1851).
Otlynerus exripiendux Saijss. Vespides, I, IGl, 47; III, 227.
Odynerns colocolo SAv>i». ibid. I, 1(J1, 4(J (1852); III,' 227.— Gay's Hist.

fis. de Chile, Zool. VI, Suppl. 5G6, 8 (1852).

In this species, the clypeus 9 is black, flattened, with two
sinuatcd carina}, terminating in two apical teeth ; the clypeus %
is luteous, bordered with black on the sides and superiorly ; the
antennas % are terminated by a sharp black hook. The thora.x
is quite black, excepting at times a little ytdlow line in the middle
of the i)rothorax ; the first two segments of the abdomen have
often only a very narrow yellow line, which is sometimes wanting
or only indicated by an incomplete line on the margin of the iid
segment.

Hab. Chili.

50. O. HUbpetiolaf U8 HAHfis. — 0. nrcuato atRnia ; formis simtlliniu!),
se<l minor ; abdomine subpetioiato, semindo seginento linuii tuberculato;
primo Bfementu postice sublatiore ; antennis, tegnlis, pe^iibnsque rntis;
anteuuia upice griseis ; puucto froutali luteo; pronoti margine autico

ODYNEUUS.

221

mve
iting
le "id

nius,
ilato;
rntis;
utico

(baud postiuo) luteo-limbato; abd. segmeutia, lo, 2<^ lateo-margiuatia ;

alia ferrugiiieaceutibua, apioe iufusuatis. — Lougit. 13 mm.
9 . Clyjftjo nigro, apice bioarinato, aubemarginato.
% . Clypeo elongato, emarginato, luteo, utrinque nigro-margiuato ; anten-

narum acapo superne nigro vul obsouro uuciuo wiuuto, rufo.

0(li/n. suhpeliolatua Sauss. Veapidea, I, 162, 4S (1852) — III, 227, 9 S-
Odyn. coarctalux Saubs. Gay'a Hiat. fisica de Chile, Zool. VI, Suppl. p.
5(55, 7, 9 (1852).'

Hab. Chili.

51. 0> tllberculatus Sausb. — Major qnaw 0. arcua^us eiqne formis
affinis, aed thorace latiore ; abd. priiiio aegmento paulo latiore, aupra
poatice aulco partito, et ante aulcum in i-anlho tranayerao tuberoulo
parvnlo inatructo; aecundo aegmento nee aupra nee anbtna tabercnlato;
post-scntello tantum in apice trancato. Niger, rngulatna, velutinua,
hirautus. Antennis ferrugineia, apice nigria ; ore, pronoto, tegulia rufia ;
lineola post-oculari, pronoto medio frequenter, post-acntello et abdorainia
aegmentorum 1', 2' margine, luteia ; alia ferrugineia, apice fuaco-viola-
anentibus. — Longit. 16 mm.

9 • Clypeo nigro, piriform!, aatia planato, bicarinato, apice truncato, Tel
aubemarginato.

% . Clypeo elongate, panlura bidentato, luteo ; antennarum uucino apical)
nigro; post-scutello nigro.

Odynerus titherruUitm Sauss. Vespides, I, 103, .10 (1852).— Gay'a Hist,
fia. de Chile, Zool. VI, Suppl. 564, 6, 1852.— Vespidea, ill, 228.*

This species differs from O. humeralis in its smaller size; its
antennifi % terminated by a .^liarp black hook, not by a rufous
spiral or a blunt hook. The clypeus is more narrow; in 9
flattened, bicarinate; in % not so sharply bideutate.

Hab. Chili.

6S. O. tuberculiTentris Spin. — Minntna, 0. arcuato formia aimil-
limua; aed pronoto lato, ungulato; post-auutello baud truncate, postice
.'ingulato, v«l arcuato ; ahdominia aecundo H«<i;mento aubtu.s basi tnber-
uulo acuto inatructo. Niger, velutinua : antennis, tegulia et pedibua
rufia; bis bam nigria; macula frontali, pnnctulo post-oculari margine
antico, ma<L'ula aubalari, poats(!Utelli et abd. aegnieutornm 1', 2', margine
poatico, Imeia. Alia aubhyahnia. Tenia ferrugineia, apice griaeo.— Lougit.
8 mm.

' Thi« BappiMmen: appear^'d after my book I on Veapidea ; and hence I
preserve tfc* nsm«> suhjifhalutm aa In-ing tlie older.
^ In this paragraph of Vol. Ill, the atfinitiea are not well given.

w^

i

i^:

222

HYMENOPTEKA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

9 • Clypeo iiigro, apice biangalato.

% . Clypoo fere pentagonal!, luteo, bidentato; antennarum soapo snperne

nigro, subtua flavo ; flagello apice flavesoente ; pedibua flavo-variis. —

Vitriat. Auteuuia supra nigrescentibus.

Etimvnes luberculiventris Spin., Gay's Hist, flsioa de Ciiile, Zool. VI, 267,
2(1851).

Oilynertts luberculiventris Sauss. Vespides, 1, 162, 49; III, 227.

In the male, the femora are black, with rufous knees and with
a yellow line ; the tibiae are yellow on their anterior side.

Jiess. a. diff. — Differs from 0. labiatus, in its luteous post-
.scutel; its black clypeus 9; its polygonal shaped clypeus 9,
terminating in two small teeth; and its small size.

Comp. also 0. Chiliolus.

Hah. Chili.

B. Form shorter, loider ; firsl segment wide on its posterior
border ; its anterior face in the form of an equilateral
triangle and a little pedicellate; its superior face large.
Melathorax excavated, offering a trace of a polygonal plate
surrounded with ridges.

a. Wings rufous along the anterior margin.

53. O. nffolintc Sadss. — Niger, liirsutus; anteunis, clypeo, mandi-
bitlis, tegulia pudibnaque, rufis ; pronoto medio et faaciis 2 abdominis,
luteia ; abdominis primo segmento satis eiongato,postice satlato, secundo
subtus baai paulum plicato; alia ferrugineia, apice fusceacentibua. 9
Long. 14 mm.

Odynemx Molina; Sacsb. in Gay's Hist. fia. de Chile, Zool. VI, 562, 3,

J (1852.).
OJynerns Motiuius Sauss. Veapides, III, 251, 126 (1854).

Sab. Chili (Type in the Paris Museum).

54. O. labiaAlls Halid. — Sat valid ns,depressus; poatscutello depresf^o,
^runcsto, uietanoto excavato ; abdominis primo segmento auperne lato,
bnsi pariim petiolato, facie antica trigonali, facie supera brevi, lata,
salco profuudo partita, autice cantbo hebetato, subprorainalo marginata ;
secundo ^egmento aubtus baai tnberculato. Niger, velutinus, pilis
nieris hirauiuA ; tboraoe tonuiter punctate, etiara in metanoti excava-
tionf ivi]UAlit«>r rngoso ; mamlibnlia, antennis, tegulis pedibusque rufis ;
pronoti inargine antico (nounnnquam tantum in medio) et abdominis
segmentorum 1*, 2' margine, luteia ; alia ferrugineis, apice violaacen-
tibn.H. — Longit. 16 mm.

9 . Clypeo rufo, apice tmncato vel aubemarginato.

% . Clypeo elongato, ovato, polygonali, luteo, apice sat late sabeinargiDatO.

0DYNERU8.

238

Odynerus lahiatua Halidat, Trans. Linn. Soo. XVII, 323 (1837). — Sadss.

Vespides, III, 228.
Odynerus Lachesis Lep. St. Faro., Hymenopt, II, GG7, 44 (1841). — Sacss.

Vespides, I, 164, 61, pi. xvii, fig. 5, J ; III, 228.
Odynerus marginkollis Sfim. iu Gay's Uist. Mxaa. de Chile, Zool. VI,

25C, 2 (1851).

Ress. a. diff. — Differs from 0. humeralis in it3 coloration ;
ill its narrower form, in its finely punctured thorax, not rugosely
shagreened, and in the little ventral tubercle which is not only a
wrinkle like that of the 0. httmeralis, but is quite tuberculiform
in the middle. In size it is much smaller. Differs from the 0.
tuherculimntris in its triple size; in the clypeus, 9 rufous, %
prolonged, narrow (almost an ellipse, lengthened and notched at
the end).

Hab. Chili.

55. O. Testitus Sauss. — Niger, nigro-hirtns ; metanoto hebetato ;
abdomine sessili ; secundo segiuento subtus tuberculato; pronoti inar-
gine antioo et vittia 2 abdominis, luteis; autenuia nigria ; alia subfus-
ceacentibua, costa basi siibferrugiuea. Lougit. 13 mm.

9 • Clypeo uigro, biaugulato.

%. Clypeo elongato, plauato, luteo, apice arcuatim emarginato; antennis
apice uucino rufo.

Odynerus vestitus Sacss. Vespides, III, 252, 127, 9 (1854).

Ress. a. diff. — Closely allied to 0. arcuatus and excipiendus,
but differs clearly in its 2d abdominal segment, tuberculate
beneath, and wider and longer than the first. In one specimen
the wings are slightly smoky and ferruginous.

Hab. Chili.

56> O* humeralis Halid. — Validus, corpore lato, depressn, velutino,
thorace ubique rugose grannlato,etlam in metanoti exoavatione ; priino
, aeginento latiore, basi pauliim petiolato; dehinu trigono-infundibiil'for-
miter dilatato, valde punctate ; facie supera lata, sulco profundo purtua ;
seouudo segmento subtua basi transveraim plicato-tuberculato. — Corpus
nigrum, pilis fulvis vel fnacis Inngissimis hirantum ; mandibnlis partim,
pronoto, tegulis pedibnaqne rufia; abdomine fasoiis duai)ns luteis; an-
tennis in dimidio baaali rufia, in dimidio apicali nigria, tarsia apice ob-
scuris. Alia fusco-violaceis, costa et basi ferrngineis. — Longit. 20 m m.

9. Clypeo nigro, aubconvexo, Irevi, npiee aubemarginato.

%. Clypeo luteo argeuteo-piloso, orato, valde bidentato; labro fasoo,

if

ipi

224

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

. i

[part I.

anteDuis apice subcochleatis uncino arcuato, obtueo, compresso, rnfo, vel
uigro-vario.

Odynerus humeralis Halidat, Trans. Linn. Soc. XVII, 324 (1837). —

Sauss. Vespides, III, 228.
Odyn. chilensis Lep. St. Fako. Hymen. II, 643, 28 (1841). — Spisoi \ in

Gay's Hist. fis. de Chile, Zool. VI, 256, 1.— Sausb. Vespides, I, 16<j,

54, pi. xvii, fig. G ; III, 228.

This large species has some very salient lateral ridges upon
the raetathorax ; the superior ridges of the concavity are "saliently
indicated, especially among the males, but the rugosities which
cover the metathorax as well as the remainder of the thorax
render them obtuse and indistinct. The antennae % terminate in
a blunt rufous hook or in a longitudinal spiral ; the clypeus % is
terminated by two rather long spines, and in the male the tarsi
are mostly blackish. It is, however, closely allied to 0. tuber-
culatus. Comp. this species.

Hab. Chili, and the western coast of South America.

ftV* 0> Tarabucensis Sadss. — Validns ; 0. humerali similis ; niger ;
pronoti luargine antico et abdominis fasciis duabus, luteis ; antenuis
uigris, Bcapo rufo ; tegulis nigris ; niandibulis et pedibus, rufis ; alis
ferrugineis, apice violascentibas. — 9 '•

^ . Clypeo luteo, apioe dentibus 2 distantibus armato.

Odynerus Tarabucensis Sauss. Vespides, III, 250, 125, % (1854).

Hab. Bolivia (I do not possess this species. Type in the Mus.
of Paris).

b. Wings fuscous, with violet iridescence.

ftS. O. albocinctlis Pcls.— Niger, velntinus, nigro-hirsntus. Clypeo
piriformi uigro, apice valde bidentato; antennis, mandibulis et labro,
rufls ; metathorace rotundato ; abdomine pilis nigris longis sparso,
tantiim prime segmento anguste albido-limbato ; secundo segmento
subtus hand tubercnlato ; pedibus rufis, femoribus postice nigris ; alis
fnscescentlbus, violascentibas prsBoipue apice ; tegulis nigris. 9 . Long.
20 mm.

Odynerus albocinctus Pois a. Stbobbl, Atti della Soc. Italiana de Sc. Nat.
XI, 1868, 256, 9-

Hab. The Argentine Republic. Province of Mendoza.
This is the only species of the type Hypodynerus found as yet
on the Oriental side of the Andes.

The form not having been described, I cannot assign to this

ODYNEBL'8.

225

species its place with perfect certainty in the subdiviai
group.

lions of this

C. Form very wide, short and depressed, first segment very wide:
its anterior face sessile, in the form of a wide triangle; its
superior face very short, 3-4 times as wide as long.

a. Wings wholly obncure, violet.

59. 0« TillOSlIS Sadss. — 0. AnlucetiHi statur^, formis et facie affiuis, sed
pronoto et capite angUBtioribua ; oraBsus, ater, velatiima, valde nigro
birsutus ; metanoti excavatione polita; abdomine sessili; primo seg-
mento lato, breviter trunoato ; secando sabtaa bani eminente plicato ;
mandibulis, antenuis et pedibiis rafis; bis basi et fere usque ad g«>iuia
nigris ; tegulis uigris, rufo-maculatis ; abdominis vittis 2 luteis angUHtis ;
alis iufuscatis, violascentibus. — Longit. 15 mm.

9. Cljrpeo nigro, Isevi, apice punctato, paul"m emarginato. — % . . . .f

OUifn. villosus Sausr. Vespides, I, 105, 53, 9 (1852).— Gajt's Hist, fisic
de Chile Zool. VI, Suppl. 5G3, 4 (18^).

This may be a variety of 0. obsvuripennis.
Hah. Chili.

60. O. obscuripennis Spin.— 0. villoso similis, sed major, tborace
rugoso, granulate; ater, villosus ; antennis nigris, soapo rufo ; pedibus
rufis vel nigrescentibus, basi nigris ; abdomine fasciis 2 luteis. — Long.
18 mm.

Od>)n. obscuripennis Spin. In Gay's Hist, fisic de Chile Zool. VI, 259, 4,
5 (1851).— SAnss. Vespides, I, 1G5, 52; HI, 228.

Odi/n. Coquimbensis Sacss. in Gay's Hist, fisic de Chile Zool. VI,. Suppl.
561, 1 (1852).

Hab. Chili (Typo in the Parts Museum).
Ttiis species not being in my possession, I cannot give a com-
plete diagnosis of it.

6. Wings ferruginous with the apex fusco-violaceus or fuscous, and the
anterior margin rufous.

61. O. Antucensis Sacss. — Crassus, velntinns, pilis nigris longissimis
valde hirsutns. Corpus depressum ; thorace quadrato, tenuiter punc-
tate ; post-scutello et metanoto vertioaliter trnnoatis, hujns facie postica
trigonal!, fere plana, parnm late ezoavata, at reliquns thorax velntino-
mgulosa, canthis obtasis marginata. Abdomine lato, depresso, sessili ;
primo segmento antice valde trunoato, faciem antioam trigonalem et
faciem snperam brevissimam et latissiroam praebente; faoierum illarum
concursns canthum trausversum efflciens ; facie 8upera snlco partita ;

15

i

w

1

li'l '

■V '■;

'

226

IIYMKNOPTKUA OF AMERICA.

[part I,

'31 . .'

f:!>

20Hegn]entopaulo latiorequamprimum, snbtus basi plicato-tubHruulato.
Niger; maudibulis, tfgulis, peilibuH et aiitennis, ruQd ; bis apiue .supra
grisceMcentibus; abdoiuiuia priiiio segmeuto luteo-marginato ; alis furru-
gintiid apice fiisco-vJolattoentibiiH. — Longit. 15 mm.
9 . Clypuo elongato, rufo, apiue bicariuatu submargiuato, utriuque nigro-
Diargiuato.— ^ ?.

Oilyn. Antuco Sauss. Et. Vespides, I, 107,55, 9 (1852).— Gat's Hist. fls.

de Cbile, Zool, VI, Suppl. 502, 2 (18.'i2).
Odi/n. AiUnreasia Sauss. Kt. Vespidea, III, 228.

Resa. a. diff. — This species is closely allied to rnllosus, but its
body is thicker; the thora.x is quadrate and wide anteriorly ; the
color of the wings and clypeus 9 is different.

Hab. Chili.

6S. O. Cllillotlis Sauss. — Niger, velutinus, nigro-hirtns ; 0. Antucensi

affinis ; thorauu brevi ; metaiioto late excavato, cantbis marginato,
utrinque angulato; abdominis secundo segmento subtus valde tnbereu-
lato ; segmentis 1^, 20 luar^ino luteo; anteniii.s «t pedibus rufis ; ti'gulis
nigris ; alis fusco-violasuentibus, costa ferrugiuea. — Longit. 11 mm. —
9?. — %• Clypeo elongato, bidentato, luteo.

Orfyn, chiliotua Sadss. Vespides, I, 167, 56, % . — In Gat's Hist. fls. de
Chile, Zool. VI, Suppl., 60C, 9.— Vespides, III, 229.

I do not possess this species, which seems much like 0. Antu-
censis. But I cannot think it the male of that, because of its
biangulate lisotathorax. The first abdominal segment seems to
have on its anterior face something like a sut'.'re, which allies it
to the subgenus Ancislrocerus.

Hab. Chili (Paris Museum).

63. O. rilflcollis Spin. — Ater, velutinus, nigro-birsntns, crassus et
brevis ; abdomine basi valde truncate, lato ; metanoto rotuudato; ab-
dominis 20 segmento subtus basi plicato-tuberculato ; antennis, pronoto,
tegulis, pedibusque, ferrngineis ; abdomine fasciis 2 luteis ; alls ferru-
gineis, apice fusoo-nebulosis. — Longit. 11 mm.

9. Clypeo biangulate, rufo, nigro-marginato. — %f,

Odyn. rtificollis Spin. 1. 1. VI, 259.— Sauss. Et. Vespid. I, 168, 57, 9 .

I do not possess this species. By its livery, it would seem a
miniature of 0. humeralis, but the abdomen is more sessile, the
clypeus 9 is rufous; the metathorax is rounded, not sharp, on
its margins, etc. The form is more that of 0. Antucensis.

Hab. Chili (Type in the Paris Museum).

0DYNERU8.

227

64* O. IWaypinus Saubb. — Niger, hirsutaB ; antenni.i, tegulia, podi-
busqutt ruliu ; abdotuine fasciis 2 lateia, priiuo Begmuuto 8«88ili, lato et
brevi; alia ferrugiueia, apioa vioIaBc«atibua. — Loiigit. 13 inm.— 9'~'
% . Clypeo paulum bidentuto, lutoo.

Ab Odyn. AntucetiM differt, metanoto rotundato, marginibas hebetatis
(nam ejus masculua f).

Oili/n. Maypinus SAnss. Vespides, I, 169, 58, % (1852).— In Gay's Hist.
fia. de Chile, Zool. VI, Suppl. 564, 5 (1852).— Veapides, III, 22i).

Hah. Chili (Type in the Paris Museum).

D. Form aho quite chubby, but not so much depressed; meta-
thorax rounded, Jlat or convex behind, smooth, without mar-
ginal edges ; abdomen arched (vespiform) ; first segment
very short ; its superior face transverse-linear. {Appear-
ance of a ViiSPA.)

65. O. Tespiformis Halid. — Niger, param depresans, nitidas, pills,
lougissimis nigris birsutiis ; oapite et tlioraoe nitidis, tenuiter punctatis ;
post-soutello breviter truncato; metanoto rotundato, oouvexo, punotato ;
thorace quadrato-globoso ; abdomlne perfeote Hesaili (ut in genera
Vespa) snperne convexo ; primo segmento brevissimo, antice excavate,
subexciso ; seoundo subtus basi valde tuberculato ; punctnlo frontia
lateo ; antennia pedibua et tegulia rufis ; pronoti margine poatlco et
abdominia aegmentorum 1', 2' limbo, luteis ; alls ferrugineis apioe sub-
infuscatis. — Longit. 13 mm.

9 • Clypeo uigro, apioe rugoso, pnnotato, bicarinato, trunoato ;

%. Clypeo luteo, punotato, bidentato; mandibulia antice fascia fl^'^a;
autennarum uncino minuto.

Variat. Thorace et abdomlne fere omnino nigris, faaciia rndimentaris vel
nuUis.

Odyn. vespiformia Halid. Trans. Linn. Soo. XVII, 323 (1837).
Odyn. hirsutulus Spin, in Qay's Hist. fls. de Chile, Zool. VI, 257, 3 ^1851).
— Sadss. Vespides, I, 212, 118 ; III, 244.

Bess. a. diff. — This species is rendered very distinct by its less
depressed form, and its quite sessile abdomen, which gives it the
appearance of a Vespa. The Qrst segment is so short, that the
superior face is almost wanting ; its anterior face presents as in
Vespa a sort of obsolete notch at its summit, which is an impres-
sion of the post-scutel. The anterior face has not the triangular
form, its superior margin being arcuate as in the Vespa.

Hah, Chili (A common species).

228

UYMKNUPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

-ft

■V

Division PACHODYNBRUS.

Sadbs. Ill*, Divis. Sect. I«, Vespidea, I, m9.— Divis. Epiilon, Sect. I,

ibid. III. 22», 252.

Form relatively blunted (stubbed). Anlennee of wales simple,
not bemg terminated by a hook. Thorax short, in form of a
long or even cubical stjuare, truncate posteriorly. 'The post'
scuttllum transversely tnnicate, offering for this reason a
superior horizontal and transverse face and a posterior
vertical face, which makes a division of the posterior con-
cavity of the thorax; these two faces being separated by a
transverse ridge formed by their meeting. Abdomen alivays
sessile, conical, truncate at its base. (The first abdominal
segment less coamolj punctured thuii the 2d, more smooth.)

Among the insects of this division the forms are very thickset,
short, and stubbed, Tho clypeus of the females is widened and
rounded at the summit, as wide as long, pear-shaped, and truncate
at th'- xtremity; the angles of tho truncation are often a little
salien., dentiform, and sometimes the clypeus appears bidentate
by reason of a little fossette which occupies its extremity.
Among the males this piece is most often polygonal, truncate, as
wide as long.

Tho thorax is very cubical, with little or bo retraction behind.
Tho metathorax never prolongs itself beyond the post-scutel, but
is briefly truncate ; its truncation encroaches strongly upon the
post-scutel and gives birth to a smooth plate which occupies most
of its width ; this plate is polygonal, often armed with two lateral
teeth, and bordered by some sharp or blunted ridges, which
become especially salient upon the latero-superior borders, whei
they form on each side a sort of arcade, and are often terminated
by a projection, separated from the post-scutellum by a fissure.
Among these species having a thorax very square and widened
behind, this character is well develoj)ed, but the ridges do not
bend at the middle to form a re-entering angle under the angle
of the post-scutel (as among the Ancistrocerus), but are effaced
at the entrance.

The post-scutellum seen above is almost linear, truncate verti-
cally, and its posterior face makes a division of the posterior plate
• of the thorax; its ridge is sharp and often creuulate. The

ODYNEKLM.

229

abdomen is iwrfcctly sesnilf*. conical ; its first pepment \h widf,
often (juite as wide as the 'id, ''quurtly truucato at its base, whii-h
pennitH tlio dihtinctioii (if itu anterior and a HUpcriur lacf ; tlie
transverse ridge wliicli re-sults from tliis truncation is souielinu'9
blunted, sonn'tiuicH ><liarp. The superior fuee is alwu}s tr.insverse,
wider tlian long. Tlie abdomen is sometimes velvety, sometinics
smooth, shining, i/ot rugose, and the Grst segment is wholly
ismooth, less punctured than the 2d.

It is lilting to say 'hat for each une of these characters, there
may be met some exception among this and that species.

Of all the Odynerua, the species of this Division have the most
cubical thorax and the most conical abdomen. Yet they have
almost the same form as a great part of the species of the Division
OdyneruH which follows, and are only distinguisl I'd from tluin
by the antenna) of the males, which are destitute of the terminal
hook. Owing to this circumstance the Pathodt/neruH occupy
among the Odytwri a sort of typical position like that of the
IJumenea of Division Omicron, these being also distinguished
from the other Eumenes by the simple flagellum of the antenme
of the males. The I'adiodynerus are also, like the Eumenes of
the Division Omicron, peculiar to tropical and temperate America.

The Padwdynerus cannot easily be confounded with the Steno-
dynerus, because of their thick body and conical, thick abdomen.
But, to make certain, one should consult the taliles of the spe-
cies of the Division Odynerus, which arc placed before these
Divisions.

Table to assist in distinguishing the species of the Division Pachodtkbbds.

1. Ornaiuents of the body all yellow.
2. Abdominal R«^K»>*)itii ^H margined with yellow, except the first.

3. Thorax wholly black.

4. Metathurax rounded, destitute of lateral angles.

()9. argentinus,

4, 4. Metathoraz forming an angle on each Hide.

5. Thorax elongate, uietathorax with four spines ; insect black.

80. diabolicus.
6, S. Thorax cubical ; metatborax with two angles ; insect vel-
vety, grayish. 6'6. Ireviihorax.

66. I bre.vithorax.
3, 3. Thorax with yellow ornaments. 67. ■! nasidens.

68. ^ simplicornxs.

.>'■

r

23U

UYMENOPTEllA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

2,2. The firHt abdominal Begniont inargiiiHil with yullow.
3. All the 8egiut«nt8 margined with ^ 'low

4. Prothorax all ynllow. 72. GuaJulpen$is.

4, 4. Prothorax margined with yellow.

72. / Guiuiulpentit.
6. The posterior margin of prothorax yellow.

li. I uudiiwpen.
73. 'I tumitu».
7« ' La I'latw.

S, fi. Only the anterior margin of prothorax yellow.

6. Thorax wholly or nearly blauk ; ubd. much triinohte nt
baSH. 70. Peniensis.

6, 6. Thorax slightly ornamented with yellow ; abdomen more
ovate. 71. bntrfniguster,

3,3. Only the first two segments margined with yellow or luteous.
4. The following segments rufous. 7S. eubemii.

4, 4. The following Hegments black.

6. The posterior margin of prothorax, or both margins, yellow.

6. Ornaments whitish. '^^' { ^'"^'*

79. I californieus.

76. f pracox.

76. I La Plata.

5, 5. Only the anterior margin of prothorax yellow.

6. Ornaments whitish.

7. In^jett short, thornx cubical. 74. Gayi,

7, 7. Insect more slender, thorax longer than wide.

7ft. culifornicua.
6,6. Ornaroentsyellow, insect not so stont. 77. tibialis.
1, 1. Boily more or less adorned with rnfous.

2. Prothorax and first abdominal segment, etc., rnfous.

81. Erinnys.
2, 2. Only the extremity of the abdomen rafona. 78. cubensu.

6, 6. Ornaments yellow.

Description of the species.

IsT. Section. — Tliorax cubical (at lead among the males) or
square, moi'e lengthened. Abdomen conical; the first seg-
ment very large, as wide as the second.

In this group one finds the most thick-set forms in the whole
tribe of solitary wasps (0. nasidens, 0. Oayi), the thorax
becoming perfectly cubical, as in the Nertarinia, among the social
wasps. However, among the most part of the species the forms
do not differ essentially from those of the insects of the division
Odynerus.

UDVNEULS.

2.'] I

A. All Ihe urgmcnfH exec pi the fi ml, bordered xcith nellow.

Tlicso OdyiH'njrt havo the b(»<ly silky luul U(U)ni<'il with licuiitiful
golden relloftioiis, or tlicy arc covi-rt'il willi a vclvoty saliii wliieh
often v'ohft'alu the jninoturcs. They liavc a cioso ri'soniblaMco
uniung tluMnsi'lveM, ho tliut, witliout comparing nuinorous s|icci-
mens, one easily eonfonnds all under tho same description, taking
tliem for llic (>. iiayiihnx of Latreillc. This liiippened to me at
the lieginning of my ntudies. When new spociinens arrived, I
thought to distinguish many mont H))ecies, and I have eKtai)lishcd
differences in the diagnoses which are far from satisfying me.
In line, tho ii\crea8o of my collections has revealed to mc such
differences of size, of color, and of details of form, that, after
Imving believed for a time that somo species were distinguished
with clear precision, I havo perceived that nothing is more
obscure than the limits of these species. A new examination of
my very numerous specimens, far from clearing up the chaos, only
results in fdling nio with new doubts ; for, contrary to what one
usually observes, the si)ecies do not appear to class themselves
according to their gcograi)hical distril)ntion ; in lieu of (inding
one species from Mexico and another from Brazil, I find two
species equally diffused in tho two divisions of tho American
continent. In the midst of this confusion I think, however, that
I can distinguish the 0. brevilhorax quite clearly, as tlicre is
here quite a difference from other species, in the form of the
clypcus, etc.

The appearance of these insects recalls very mucli that of
certain other Vespida; which have also their bodies velvety and
silky and which inhabit the same hot regions. Such as certain
Anrif^lroceruK {A. Arislae, Parredeni); certain Nertarinia (N.
mellifica), and even certain ChaiierjiiH (C'h. chmiariu.-i)] with
which one should be careful not to confound the Odyncri
described below.

a. Melathorax forming a lateral angle on each tide.

66. O. brevifhorax Sadss. — Niger, punctatns, ubique tomento volu-
tino aureo-sericeo indutus ; thorace cubico, latitudine longitadiiii
lequali ; nietanoto in tota latitudinH excavato; ejus excavationu lievi,
sericea, cantliifl aoittissimis inarginata, utrinque iu dentem lateralem
ezcurrentibus ; abdomiiie perfecte couico, sericeo ; prlmo segmeuto bre-

! ^

i

232

Uy.ME.VOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

Tissimo; autennaruin flagello Bubtna et scapo apice, ferrugineis ; tegulia
teataceo-iuaculatis ; abd. segiuentorum 2-5 inargine late flavo, et valde
pnnctato; primononnunquam etiam tenuiterflavo-marginato; tibiis an-
tice flavo velfulvo-variia ; alis ferrngiueia, apioe griaeis. — Longit. 10 mm.

Variat, Metauoti canthis flavia.

9 . Clyp«o puDctato apice, dentibus 2 acutis, inter ae distantibua armato ;
puuctis 2 fulvia in dentibua et 2 in augalis superioribus ornato,

% . Clypeo iu marginibua argeutato ; apice fere ut in 9 bideutato, vel
emarginato, dentibua 2 trigonalibus termiuato; apice liueis 2, iu summo
fasciis 2 lateralibua, flavia ; labro flavo ; mandibularum margine externo
et scapo, Hnea flava instructis.

Vurial. Clypeo in lateribua flavo-marginato; oculia iutus llavo-marginatis,
pedibua uigria.

Odi/uerus brevUhorax SAuaa. Veapides, I, 172, 62' (1852) ; III, 231.—
Rev. Zool. X, 1858, 16(J.

The teeth of the clypeus 9 are spiniform and separated by au
arched margin, not angularly notched. The thorax is cubical,
not longer than wide; the disk of metathorax is much broader
than long, iu the form of a half circle ; its margins are arcuated
anteriorly, not sinuated. The scutel is square, rather elevated,
and the post-scutel is situated a little lower, while in auratus,
the scutel is more flattened and the post-scutel is on the same
plane.

Hess. a. diff. — Compare 0. nasidens and simplicornis, 0.

diabolicus, and also Ancistrocerus Aristae and Paredesi This

species, as well as the following, must be carefully distinguished
from dififerent species of Neclarinia ;^ this may easily be done,
from their very wide first abdominal segment, not very small and
shortly petiolate ; from their distinct post-scutel, and the truncate, .
not angulate, apex of the clypeus.

Hab. South America. Brazil. Bahia, 2 9,3 %. — Vene-
zuela ? %.

67. O. nasidens Latr.— 0. hrevithoraci slmlllimna ; statora varia-
bill ; thoraoe longiore quam latiore ; pronoti margine postioo, poRt-
scutello, abd^-uinisque aegmentorum 2-U margine ooiiraceia; alia ferru-
gineia, apice griaeis.

9 . Clypeo apice latiua bidentato, magia biangnlato ; dentibas fulvia ;
interdnm auperne maculis 2 fulvia vel omniuo flavia.

■ The figure which bears the aame name belongs to the 0, nasideng.
• Social wiisp.

ODYNEUUS.

233

% . Clypeo polygonal!, late truncato, margiue utriuque flavo, vel omniuo
davo, macula nigra.

Odyn. nasidena Latr. Voyage de Humboldt, Zool. II, 112, pi. xl, fig. 1, 2,
9.— Sadhs. Vespides, I, 171, 61, 1852; 111, 230.— Uev. Zool. X, 1858,
1()5, 1.— Packard Kep. Peabody Acad. 18(J9, 5.

Odyn. auratus Sadss. Rev. Zool. X, 1858, 166.

Odyn. brevUhorax Sadss. Vespides, I, pi. xvii, fig. 9, 9 .'

9. Total length, 13 mm. ; wing, 11 mm.
% . Total length, 10 mm. ; wing. 7.5 mm.
Var. minor.— <$. Total length, 10 mm.; wing, 7.5 mm.
% . Total length, 7 mm. ; wing, 6.5 mm.

Of variable size, sometimes larger than the 0. hrevithorax,
sometimes of the same size. Head densely punctured. Thorax
longer than wide, densely cribrose ; post-scntel linear above,
finely crenulate, raetathorax very squarely truncate ; its concavity
occupies the whole width, is smooth, silky, and a little striate,
bordered above by some arcuate, very trenchant ridges, which
abut upon the two extremities of the post-scutel within, but
which are not as well separated from it by fissures as the O.
brevUhorax ; from each side a dentiform angle turns downward.
Abdomen perfectly conical ; the first segment very largo ; quite
long, being notably more so than in the 0. hrevithorax, where it
only forms a cup, not a bell.

Insect black, clothed in a beautiful velvet, of silky hair, having
golden reflections, which are only distinct among the well-pre-
served specimens. Mandibles ferruginous at the end, spotted with
yellow at the base. Two spots at the extremity of the ciypeus
and one at the extremity of tiic scape, post-scutel, ridges of the
metathorax, and a regular border upon .segments 2-5 of the
abdomen of a yellow-ochre, a little golden; border of these
segments strongly punctured ; anus bordered with yellow ; wing
scales marked or bordered with ti'staceous; knees and end of tarsi
a little ferruginous; anterior til)iiB marked with yellow before.
Wings ferruginous with the end gray.

9. Ciypeus pyriform, rugose, strigose-punctate, terminated by
two diverging or biangulate teeth.

Var. a. Ciypeus yellow, or margined with yellow, or with two
yellow spots on the top.

6. A yellow line on the scape.

Only the figure, not the deacriptiou.

984

IIYME.NOPTERA OF AVERICA.

[part I.

c. A yellow spot on each side between the eye and the clypeus.

d. Prothorax slightly bordered with yellow on its anterior
angles.

('. Prothorax not bordered with yellow, with quite golden
reflections.
/. Antenna) quite black. (IJahia.)

(J. Tibia.' with yellow lines or wholly black.

S . Clypeus polygonal, argenteous, widely margined with yellow
on both sides ; its anterior margin widely truncate. Antennaj
fulvous beneath; the scape with a yellow line; lower part of the
eyes bordered with yellow.

Var. Clypeus quite yellow, with a black spot or line in the
middle.

Mexican variety. 9. — Mandibles black to the end. Antennae
ferruginous beneath, except at the extremity, ani becoming
brown ferruginous. Tibia) all ornamented with yellow. There
are often two yellow dots oa the front ; the teeth of the clypeus
only, red. — Mexico.

Umall variety. 9 . — Of the size of the 0. brevilhnrax, but offer-
ing the same characters as the above variety. Borders of the
mctathorax mor» rounded. — %. Antenna; and legs as in the 9
variety. — Mexico.

Bexs. a. dijf. — This species differs from the 0. brevithorax,
in its greater size, in its thorax longer than wide although very
square, in its clypeus 9 loss wide, but strongly bidentate, in the
disk of the mesothorax a little attenuated before, having the
latero-anterior borders a little sinuate. The male differs, by its
polygoiuvl clypeus, truncate, not bidentate.

It approaches yet more closely to 0. simplicicornis. — Com-
pare these species.

Hab. Tropical America. I possess a great number of speci-
mens. 1st. From the hot parts of Mexico (Iluasteca, Oriental
Cordillera, Michoacan, etc.); 2d. From Colombia and Venezuela ;
3d. From liahia and Brazil. They do not appear to me to differ
Bpecifically.

Although the description given by Latreille of his 0. nasidens
does not agree well with our specimens, we do not retain any
doubt as to the identity of tiie species. The description of Lat-
reille is evidently ii hybrid description, being partly of a female,
partly of a male. When he said that the clypeus was bidentate,

IBBI

fmmmmm

r^

ODYNERUS.

235

he had seen tlic female of it; when he said "bordered with yel-
low," he had seen the male, which he may have taken for a female,
because the antenna3 do not possess a hook.

According to Latreille, the prothorax is ornamented with yellow
on the anterior border, and it has a yellow d'ot behind the eyes,
but we suppose that he was rather troubled about the golden
reflections.

This unfortunate eiescription of Latreille has caused me to
lose infinite time in vain researches, without the least result,
so that I have finally brought myself to announce the above
opinion which I think to be the oidy correct one.

6§. O. simplicicornis Sacss.— 0. nasidenti similliraus, sed tliornce
pauIo lireviore et clypeo in utroque sexu truucato, baud dif,tiuute
eiuarginato, J apice flavo-bipuuctato, % flavo-marginato.

Odi/nerus simplicicornis Sauss. Vespidea, III, 253, % (1854);Id. Sagra'a
Hist, de Cul.a, Ins. 771, pi. 19, fig. 5.— Rev. Zool. X, lb58, 1(J(J
(faulty).— Ckesson, Philad. Ent. Proceed. II, 1805, 165.

9. Total lengtli, 11 mm.; wing, 9 mm.
% . To.al length, 8 mm. ; wing, 7 mm.

9. A little smaller than the large variety of the 0. nasidens ;
the same color, the same velvety and silky aspect. Clypeus a
little striate, less strongly jiunctured, truncate at the extremity,
but biangulate, often a little bidentate. Thorax a little longer
than wide ; shorter than with the 0. nasidain, longer than with
the 0. breviihorax ; metathorax as with the 7iasidens, finely
striate. Abdomen as with the O. namleiis. Antenna; ferrugi-
nous beneath in their first moiety ; a yellow dot on the summit
of the mandibles, two at the base of the clypcns, and often two
more on the front; posterior border of the ])rothorax, often the
anterior also, post-scutel, superior ridges of the metathorax, and
border of the segments 2-6 yellow; tibia; often ornamented with
yellow. Wings ferruginous, with the end gray.

Z. Smaller; clypeus polygonal, truncate, oflfering at the two
extremities of its inferior border a marked angle, more decided
than in the 0. auratus % ; its lateral and inferior borders, yellow;
a yellow line on the scape and in the sinus of the eyes. Yellow
ornaments of the thorax indistinct.

7?e.s-.s'. a. dif. — Differs from the 0. hrevithorax by its clypeus,
which is not strongly bidentate, and by the yellow ornaments of

m '!■ ^

286

IIY.MENOl'TEllA OF AMERICA.

[PAUT I.

the thorax. One should perhaps consider this spoeios ns a variety
of the O. nasidvns? yet it appears to us to coustitutu a local
species.

JJab. The isle of Cuba. 6 9, 3 S.

"The nest of this species is soimiwhat of an oblate spheroidal
shape, constructed of line earth, of a beautiful fawn-color. It is
attached to a slender twig and measures 4^ by (J lines; sometimes
two nests are attached close together, to the same twig ; the
outer surface is uneven, and on the upper side there is a stout
peduncle, by which the nest has been attached to another body.
The opening made by the imago in its escape is large and always
Oil the side of the nest." (Crcsson, 1. t.)

b. Metalhorax rounded, not forming on each side a dentiform angle.

69. O. Argentinus Sauss. — Niger, coufertiiu punctatua ; metanoto
poHtice ruguso, rotuiidato, utrinquu augulo nullo; superne utiiuquo
acute-iuarginato, cauthis a post-aontello fi»sura sejunctis ; pronoti
abdotuini.sque segmeiitoram 2'-.'J> iiiargine postiuo flavo-Iiinbato ; nlia
hyaliiio-ferruginei.s, apice grisescentibus ; tegulis ferrugineis. — '^ , Cly-
peo truncato, tlavo ; pnucto I'rontali ; scnpo Bubtus, tibiia anticu, flavis.

Odyn. Argentinus Sacss. Rev. et Mag. du Zool. XXII,1870, 56, 6 9 .

9 . Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 9.5 ram.
% . Total length, 10 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

$. Head and thorax dens and rugosoly punctured, sha-
greened; the punctures small. Thora.x a little longer than v/ide.
Post-scutel truncate, very short and transverse, crested and a
little crcnulate. Metathorax posteriorly excavated, rugose, but
with arcuate edges, circular, forming no lateral angle whatever ;
the lateral ridges sharp in their upper half, each terminating in a
tooth separated from the post-scntel by a deep fissure. Abdomen
of Cipial width from basi* up to the end of the second segment, its
base truncate and rounded; the whole very finely pnnctured, with
very short hair and with sericeous gray pile ; the hinder margin
of 2d segment sometimes slightly depressed or very slightly cana-
liculated, and a little more strongly punctured than ii.o base.

Insect deep Hack, with very short gray hair. Antenna; black;
a line on the hinder margin of prothorax and a regular band on
the hinder margin of segments 2-5 yellow ; beneath only a mark
on each side of the margin of the ^d segment ; teguliR margined
with yellow or ferruginous. Anus black. Legs bla"k ; artiou-

0DYNERU8.

m

Intions and hooks a little rufous. Wingd subhyaline or sraoky ;
tlio anterior margin rather ferruginous.

Var. a. A little yellow nuirk on the forehead.

6. A little yellow line in the middle of the margin of the 1st
segment.

c. '": •» post-scutellar metathoracic eminences Indistinct or not
developed.

9. Clypous convex, ntrigate, bicarinate, terminated by two
angles or teeth, sometimes ferruginous.

%. Clypcus rounded, polygonal, pale yellow, widely truncate,
its inferior angles almost toothed. A line on the mandibles and
on the scape of the antenute, a spot botwecji the antenna), inner
orbits, a line on the anterior side of the tibia;, pale yellow or
ferruginous. Antennie without a terminal hook.

Var. a. Only the 2d, 3d, and -ith abd. segments margined with
yellow.

Iteas. a. diff. — This insect has the appearance of 0. diabolicus,
but it is a little larger and is easily distinguished from it by its
metathorax, destitute of lateral angles, but having elevated ridges
separated by fissures from the post-scutel. The clypeus % is more
truncate ; its inferior margin being wide. — It differs also from O.
brach'/gasli'i', by its metathorax without angles, and by its deep
black, not grayish color — velutinous as in 0. nasidens and its
allies.

Hab. The Argentine Republic. Buenos Ayres. 7 9, 5 t.

B. All the abdominal segments margined with yellovj or rufous.

a. Superior edges of metathorax not sharp.

70* 0« Peruensis Sadss.— Niger, cinereo-sericeus ; thorace antice
latiore quam poatiee; m(>tathorace excavato, Htrigato, inferis tantuiu
canthis acntis ; abdomine coniuo, basi lato, truncato, 2' segmenti mnrgiim
orasae puuctato; post-acutelli et uiutannti punotia 2 luinutis, abduminis-
qne segtnentnruin limbo la ' pallido-tlavin ; 2' fascia utrinqun aucta ;
femoribus tibiiaque obacnre rufl.s ; alia aabhyalinis, coata aubferraginea.
Longit, 11-12 mm.

9 • Clypeo rotundato, emarginato, valde puuctato, ilentibua 2 diatantibus
t<9rminato. — %, Clypeo truncato.

0(h/n. Peruensis Sacss. Et. V.iapid. Ill, 253, 129, pi. xii, fig. 4, 9 (1854).
Hab. Peru. (Typus in Mus. Parisiensi.)

238

UYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

r?Al«T I.

m

b. Superim '/«/«« of metathoraz sharp.

Tl* O* bracliygaster Sacss. — Niger, valde panctatus, omnino fulvo-
vulutinua ; luetathoraois exoavatiunu lata, lievi, arguuteo-serivua, utrin-
que obtuaaiigulata, supenie uantliix arcuatis acutis marginata ; liis a post-
scutello per fl^auram utriiiquesejunutis ; abdomine uvato, basi trunuato;
capite ouinino uigro; prouoti inargiiiibua obsolete, tegulis partiiu, poHt-
Boutello, puncto subalari «t punutis 2 in angulia scutelli, metathoracis
canthis Huperioribus abdoiuiuisque seguetitorum I'-f > Umbo, fulvis ;
priiiii fascia augusta, 2' lata; 2' margine late orasse puiictato; pedibiia
nigris, artibus, tarsia «t mandibularura apioe obsuuro-rufesceiitibna ;
^ibiis autiois fulvo-variis ; alls ^ubhyalini?, b.isi et costa anbferrugineia
apictt griaeis. — 9* Clypuo bidentato, deutibua iuter se distautibua,
rufla.— -^ ?.

Odyn. brachij()aster Sauss. Et. Vespid. I, 173, 63, pi. xvii, fig. 8 (1852).
.—Rev. Zool. V, 1858, l(i7, 5.

Var.f Margins of the abdominal segments narrow; antennie
ferruginous beneath ; wings hyaline, with fuscous veins.

Very similar to 0. 7iasidethi ; but also very distinct, the abdo-
men not being as conical and the 2d segment more elongate ; the
antennue are also more slender.

Hab. Brazil. (Paris Museum and coll. of author,)
This can be well distinguished from Chartergus chartarms
(social wasp) by its truncate or bidentate clypeus (not Rngulate),
its long mandibles, its wider first abdominal segment, etc.

12. O. Giiadulpensis Sadss.— Niger, valde punctatus ; capite et
thorace rugosia, abdoininia aegtuenti 2' margine et scquentibiia valde
punctatia ; linea mandibularam et scapi, macula frontali, pronoto omnino
superne, tegulia, macula subalari, maculia 2 scutelli, post-acutello
metanoto utrinquo, flavia; abdurainia segmentis lo, 20 flavo-marginatis,
primi fascia utrinque aucta ; segmentis 3-5 superne fulvo, subtus flavoi
tenuiter limbatis ; tibiia et tarai.s tiavia ; alia flavescentibua apice infu-
matia. — $. Clypoo fiavo, oigro-maculato. — ■3. Clypeo truncato, P0I7-
gonali, liavo.

Viiridl. Pronoti angulia posticis nigris.

0. ciibensi affiniasimua ; ab illo distincte differt: statnra panlo minore ;
mandibulia nigris, ilavo-notatia ; pronoto frequenter omnino flavo ;
antennarum acapo nigro, linea llava ornato; coxis et femoribua nigris ;
abdominis primo segmento haud acute truncato^; segmeutia 3-6 nigris
tenuiter llavo-marginatia.

Odyn, Gnadnlpensis SAOsa. Et. Vespides, I, 182, 76 (1852).

' In our ^ specimen the first negment ofTers a sort of suture, but this,
I t' <ik, may be k mere accident of puncturation.

0DYNERU8.

2;]!)

Bess. a. diff. — In this specii'S the clypcus % is hexagonal, as
broad as long, truncate, while in 0. rubcnsis ^ it is longer than
broad, bidentate, and its greatest width is situated lower than
the middle. The abdomen is not as conical, not sharply truncate
at base; the iiinder margin of the 2d segment and the following
are more roughly punctate, etc.

73. O. ZOiiatllft Sacsb. — Niger, panctntus ; thorace quadrate, panlo
longiore quaiu latiore, nietanoto exuuvato, auutu margiuato, bian^'ulatu;
puncto froiitali, pronoti margiiie antico et postico, macula Hubalari,
tegaliH, soutulli puuutid 2, post-scutelto, tnetanoti cantliid, abdoiuiiiis .'^g-
meiitoruin inargiuu, tibiisque partiiu, tlaviit; alls nebuloais. — % . ClypHO
polygonaii flavo, argoutato ; auteunis subtus ferrugiueis, scapi liuua
flava — 9?.

Otlyn. zonalus Sauss, Revue de Zool. XXII, 1870, 67, 8, %.

Toial length, 11 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

Head and thorax cribrose. Thorax square, a little longer than
wide. Its anterior margin concave, its angles rather produced,
but not acute. Post-scutcl truncate. Metathorax much exca-
vated ; its edges very slmrp, forming on each side an angulated
tooth. Abdomen conical, truncate anteriorly (but not sharply) ;
the margin of 2d segment and those following strongly punctate.

Black, with short fulvous, but not velutinous hair ; a spot on
the mandibles and a dot between the antonna3, a narrow band on
the anterior margin of prothorax, a wider one on the posterior
margin, a spot under the wing, wing scales, a spot on each side
of the scutcl, post-scutcl, and the ridges of the metathorax, yel-
low ; all the segm nts of the abdomen margined with yellow, the
fascia} of the first two segments the widest; that of the first a
little wider on the sides. Knees and tibiae outside and the first
tarsi, yellowish. Wings cloudy.

% . Clypeus polygonal, truncate or submarginate, yellow, sil-
very; labrum and scape beneath, yellow; the romaiiider of
antennae ferruginous below ; emargination of the eyes argenteous.

Mens. a. diff. — This species comes very near to O. praecox
Sauss., and may be a local variety, with all the segments maruincd
with yellow, or evea a variety of 0. (juadulpensis, with the orna-
ments reduced.

Hub. Cayenne. (Author's collection.)

Observation. — The extremity of the antenna; being broken off,

»WW1

1 1' ! .11 ■

li

240

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

we are not sure that this insect belongs to this group, although
tlie appearance is quite that of 0. cubenais and neighbors. It
might possibly go to the group of the Odyueri with hooked %
antenna; ?

C. Onhj the first two abdominal segments margined with yellow.
{The 'id and ith sometimes indistinctly marginate.)

'Y4» O, Gayi Spin. — Craasus, thuraoe quadrato, postice late 6Xca7ato,
obtU!iaiigulato; abdomiue brevi, lato, coiiiuo, basi truncato, primo seg-
lueiito seoundo.'equilato; innuula froutali, orbitis iuternis, soapo aubtut^,
pronoti margiue aiitico, margine poatico tonuiter, macula aubalari, post-
scutello, maculia 2 mutauoti aunimi abdomiuisque aegmentorum 1', 2<
limbo, albidis ; alia aubhyalinia autioe subferrugiueis, aplce griseis.

% . Clypeo aubemargiuato, luteo. — 9 '•

Odyii. Gayi Spinola, in Qay'a Hiat. fla. de Chile, Zool. VI, 260 (1851).
— Sad88. Veapides, I, 170, 69; pi. xvii, fig. 7, %.

Hub. Chili. (Type in the Paris Museum.)

KH, 0« praecox Sau.ss. — Niger, capite et tboraoe oonfertlm pnnotatis ;
abdomiue aeriuante, ooniuo, baai lato; macula maudibularum, linea
froiitis Tertiuali, pronoti margine poatico, nee non antico teuuiter,
macula aubalari, punotia 2 iu acutelH angulia, poat-acutello, maculia 2
metanoti abdominisquo aegmentorum 1', 2> margine, flavis ; reliquorum
margine fuaco ; tibiia flavo-lineatis ; taraia fuaoo-ferragineia ; alia aub-
hyalinia, ooata obscuriore.

9. Clypeo apice dentulia duobua rufls. — %f.

Odyn. praecox Sapsb. Et. Veep. Ill, 254,' 130; pi. xi, fig. 9, 9, (1854).

Hob. The southern parts of Brazil and Uruguay. (Paris
Museum.)

Observation. — This species may possibly belong to the Division
Odynerus mi\\ hooked male antenna)? but its peculiarities bring
it nearer to the species of Division Pachodyneraa.

76. O. La Platce Sausb. — Niger, pnnctatua ; abdomine sericeo, basi
truncato; clypeo 9 apice dentulia 2 ferrugineis terminato, acapo snbtua
rufn ; pronoti margine poatico, aignatura aubalari, pnnotia 2 tegularum,

I The note intercalated in the text of the description of this 8peci<>a
referred it to the heading A (Group of the 0. Megmra). One more of the
chefs d'oDUvre of the printer, who i.s the cause of all other more grare
faulta introduced by hia negligence into my —jrk on the Vetipidea.

JDYNERL8.

241

flavis ; altdomini!^ segrne itorum 1', 2< niargiiie flavo, 3<, 4< teDuitHr

flav«HO«uttt ; tibiia 1'', 2' liuea tlava; alia ferrugiuu!^ macula radiali

fuaoa.

Oilyn. LaPlata Sadss. J;ev. et Mag. de Zool. XXII, 1870, 52, 2 9.

9> Total length, 12 nun. ; wing, 9.r> mm.

9. Form rather slc'idor, very niiu'h us in (). cuhanHiH and
tibialis. Clypous pyrifoi'n, Htriffiitc-puiu'talc, tcrniiiiiitcd by two
little ferruginous teeth. Utii;' ami thorax (hiisel}- puiictato.
Po.st-scutel truncate, ridged l)ut not erenulatc. Mt'tuiJiorux
excavated in its whsdo width, forming on eaci; si(h! on indistinct
angle ; its superior edges convex, very sharp, their superior
extremity hardly separated from the post-scutel hy a fissure, not
forming salient teeth; the inferior edges straight o: a little arclnfd
concave. Abdomen polished, silky, the first segment as wide as
the 2d, almost sharply truncate.

Black; scape ferruginous beneath; a fine line along the i)oste-
rior edge of prothorax and a very slender one along the anterior
margin, on each side, two spots on the teguhe, a mark under the
wing, a line on post-scutel, and the superior edges of metathorax,
yellow. Segments 1, 2 of the abdomen narrowly margined with
yellow; the extreme margin of the 1st brown; segments 3-5
narrowly margined with brown or yellowish. Knees and claws
ferruginous. Tibia? 1st and 2d anteriorly with an indistinct yellow
line. Wings ferruginous along the anterior margin ; the radial
cell brown.

Renn. a. diff. — This is possibly the same as O. prsprox, and I
should not have distinguished this from it, if in the description of
praecox it was not said that the metathorax was rounded, while
here the superiof edges are very sharp. — It much resembles
tibialis, but the livery is rather different and it varies also in its
metathorax not sharply bidciitate, its abdomen not as conical, its
first segment not as sharply truncate, shorter, etc. — From zonnlufi
it differs in its livery and the same changes in the form of the
prothorax.

Hab. The Argentine ■Republic, Buenos Ayres.

Tt. O. tlbiallR RAnsB.— Niger, olnHreo-hirtua ; dense punctatus ; thorace
qiiadrato, 9 longiore qnani laliore, % cubico, depresso ; metanoto bi-
dtnitato, aoiili.^HJme niaiginato; abdoinine valde conico basi acute trun-
cato et caiillium ncntnni transversnm efflciente ; scgmentoruin 2-5
margine punctato. Macula inandibularutn, pronoti margine, tegulia,

'0

^mm

242

HYMENoPTEllA <tP AMKIUCA.

[I'AKT I.

tnaoula flubalari, post-sciitello, iiiHtanot! maculis 2 fliipHriiA alitloiiilnis-

quc Hegint'iitonini liinbv) 1, '2, llnvid ; tibiis extus Mavis ; aliM tcirugiiie ■«,

apioe iiubucula fuHca. — Loni^it, 11 mm. ; aim, 0 mm.
9. (-'lypHo piriformi, gron-.i pum-tato, apitiH subbideiitato Hiiperiio llavo.
%, ClypiM) ovatn, tiavo, npiun Huhiiiargiiiiitu ; autuiuiarum Hcapo tlavu-

faH(Muto ; tlagello upicu liainl uiiciiiato.

Od;/n. tibialis Saush. Kt. Vt^spid. I, 18.1, 78 (18.')2), 9

Eexa. a. lUff. — This has tlio form of O. riibrnsix, from which
it dillV'i's by its bhu-k fonihi'iul, aiit(!iiiue, soutel, and fcot ; l)y its
thorax not so stronp^ly puniiturod, by tlio edfjjos of niotathorax not
so much separated from tlic post-scntel, and by the clypciis 9
more ( tarscly punctured and not distiiuitly bidontate, wiiiii' tlie
male has the apical margin of the clypeus a little concave, with
acute angles.

ffab. Venezuela. Caraccas 9. (Ilayti %.)

Observation. — The 9 comes from the collection of T)e Romand,
whose eti(iuettes are not always e.vact. The male is lal)elh'd bs
caught by mo at llayti. This male is certainly of the same spe-
cies as the female. The species may come from St. Domingo.

YS. O. Cubeiisis Sadss. — Niger ; capite et thorace dense cribri instar
punotatiri; prouoto antiee subcoarctato; posl-soutello tiuiicato, trans-
versim tenuiter carinuto ; metauoto verticali, exuavato, utrinqne dente
instructo, Biiperne cantliiis auutiHsimia niarginato, Ioh a post-dcutello
fissura sejuiiuti.s ; abdoiuinu coniuo ; primo Hegmeiito antiee aoiita trun<
calo coutbum tranHversmu efflcienle; seciindi segmHnti margine pnna-
tato. Mandibuli.s, macula frontali, antennarum artiuiilis 1°, 2^, pro-
uoti margine antiuo late, tegiilis, macula subalari, scutelli maculis 2,
post-scutello, metanoto suinmo iitrinquH, abdominis segmentorum 1-2
niai'gine (prinii fascia in laturibus aucta), et pKclibus, tlavi.4 ; abdominis
segnientis 4-ii rufis, et frequenter tertio rufo-limbato; alls ferrugineis,
apice fusco-nebulosis. — Longit, 11 mm. ; aljB, O..*) mm.

9. Tliorace longioro quam laliore ; clypeo piriformi, punctato, flavo,
macula nigra, apice bidentato duntibu-i angulatis.

% . Thorace magis cubico ; clypfio ovato, flavo, l.-evi, apice trnncato, bian-
gulato; oculorum sinu Havo-marginato. Antennis apice simplicibus.

0(lf/n. ciibeims Sadss. Et. Vespid. I, 181, 75,' pi. xviii, fig. 8 (1852).
Hab. Cuba. (2 9, 2 ^.)

' In this description I have mingled the form of the clypeus 9 with the
description of the '^, doubtless because the simple antennae of the 'J led
me to take a "£ for a 9 •

OPYNKRirS.

243

•»». O. C'alirortlicilH Sai'sh. (Pi. HI. fli(. 17, ITfi)— M.'.lias, iiiR#.r,
fiilvo-toiiK-iitiiHiis ; clypfo 9 I>>>°>t"riui raUlo ptinctiito ; llioruci) lievi,
tuimitur ])iiiictntii ; iiit'tniiotc) Vaixl ri^iMo, himigiiliito, Huii (^antliia obli-
turatis, ii«^i! iKtiitis, iifc ni^osis ; ."li'loiiiiiiH o(ini(M», si-i(iiiHiitis 2 -' hI rieiiuHii*
tiWiix in iiiiirL;ii)*4 lli^o.s)l |>uii(tuii-i ; fadiia nrcuiita MUiiiiui uly|>«*i,piiiiioti
ct alxloiiiiniH H»-gtn«iit()i'mii 1', 2' liiutio, tii;iculii siilialiiri, imiK^tis j lU
tck'ulis, ii(iMt-si!Utcllo et iiietniioli (•aiuliin, liitt in ; .lutomu.s fronte et
Iifctilius iiiiiiincultiti.-t ; lUi.s tliiiplianis, vtMiis fuHuin. 9.

Odyn. Cali/orniciin, Hauhs, Rhv. el Miii{. .!.■ Zool. XXII, 1870, 57, 9, 9.

Totiil lunjjtli, II iiiui. ; wi ,0 mtii.

9. Si/,0 ftiid form nf t' (). foraminafnn, elypciis pyrif<trni,
stroiii^ly piitictiirt'il, Icnnitiiited l»y 11 little bortlor cliiimiflli'tl by
a fossftte mill appi'iirinj^ bitleiilale. Ilciid lliicly punctured.
Tliora.x iii)t n^tnictod before, its Hnrfare xinoolh, sbiiiinj^, Itcariiif^
soiiio (piito fine, scp.'iratcd puiir Mircs (iit tiiii"s tdlac'cd, esp(it'ially
ill tlio iiiiddio of tli»! iiit'sotiioni . and of Ibe sciitcl); post-scutil a
little jiad-sliaped, lincly cn'iiuliilo (or -smooth); iiietatliorax not
rugose above ; its coiifavity wide, sinooth, and sliining, fiiu'iy
striate; it occupies the whole width, but its ridges are rounded,
oral least blunted, not salientoii the suimiiit (allhougli delicately
formed), but smooth, not rugose, nor cribrose ; on each wide an
angle, blunt or even rounded, according to individual specimens.
Abdomen quite conic; the first segment truncate, but without
.sharp ridge ; the second ofl'eriiig along its border a flat impr(!ssed
band, carrying a narrow band of very coarse punctures, l)ut the
exticuie border Hiiioolh. The following segments strongly punc-
tured.

Insect black, clothed on the head and thora.v with a strong pile
of tawny or grayish hair ; its hair very abundant on the ineta-
thora.x. A spot on the mandibles, an arcuate band (or two .spots)
on the summit of the clypous, a regular border on the prothorax,
a spot under the wing, post-scutel, ridges of the metathorax, and
a border on the first two segments of the abdomen (the first
widened on its sides), of a pale yellow; antennae and legs entirely
black; the tarsi ferruginous toward the end only. Wings trans-
parent, a little smoky; nervures brown. Wing scales having two
yellow spots; their middle occupied by a l)rown spot.

Var. a. Two yellow spots on the extremity of the clypeus.

6. Inner border of the orbits, a spot on the front, a dot behind
each eyp, two dots on the angles of tlie scutel, a spot on the

IMAGE EVALUATION
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Photographic

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23 WEST MAIN STREET

WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580

(716) 872-4503

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244

HYMENOPTERA OP AMEKICA.

[X'AllT 1.

knees, whitish ; anterior tibite ferruginous or whitish ; 3(1 and
4th segments of the abdomen bordei'ed with whitish beneath ; 3d
finely edged above with this color.

Bess. a. diff. — This Odynerus resembles the 0. Megsera in its
whitish ornaments, but it is smaller. Its smooth thorax, its raeso-
thorax without longitudinal grooves, its metathorax, smooth,
biangulate and without little teeth behind the post-scutel, its
immaculate front, and its transparent wings distinguish it super-
abundantly.

The same characters distinguish it from the 0. foraminatus
and the 0. leucomelas.

Hab. Lower California. I have received divers specimens 9
collected at Cape St. Lucas by Mr. John Xanthus and others from
Southern California (Berton).

Observations. — This species has much of the form of the O.
cubensis, but the male being unknown to me I place it with
hesitation in this division. If the male proves to have antenna)
terminated by a hook, the species will find its place in the Divi-
sion Odynerus, next the 0. Alvaradi. With the 0. Erinnys it
is the only Pachodynerus yet known to inhabit the boreal
temperate zone.

2d. Section. — Form more lengthened ; thorax lengthened square
or retracted behind. Abdomen less conic, more cylindrical
or depressed.

a. All the segments of the abdomen, except the first, bordered with yellow.

§0. O* diabolicus Sauss. — Gracilis ; capita et thorace dense rugose
puncttitis; pronoti margine antico concavo, subcristato, angulia sub-
acutis ; post-scutello truncato, transverse cristato-crenulato, metanoto
ezcavato, ntrinqne bispinoso, niarginibus excavationis acutis vertica-
llbus, superne evanesceut'bus; abdoraine subdepresso, antice rotundato-
truncato; segmeuto satis elongato. Omnino niger, abdominis segiufnii^
2-6 tiavo-ochraceo limbatis; tarsis apice fiiscescentibus ; alis nebulosis.

9 • Clypeo bicarinato, apice bidentato, vel acute biangulato.

"^ . Clypeo polygonal!, apice truncato, luteo-argnntato ; labro, antennarum
soapo subtas, macula frontali, fascia in sin& oculari, luteis.

9. Total length, 12 mm. ; wing, 9.5 mm.
% . Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 7.5 mm.

Odifn> diabolicus Sauss. Vesp.des, I, 171, 60 (1852); III, 230.— Rev.
et Mag. de Zool. X, 1858, 167, 6.

0DYNEUU8.

2ii

A very distinct species in tiie form of its metathorax. The
lateral tooth of metathorax is formed principally by the lateral
ridge, and placed quite outside of the margin of the excavation,
which is situated more inside, and rather distant from the tooth.
There is, in addition, a very long spine on each side, on the
inferior edges near the articulation of the ablomen. It has much
the appearance of 0. argeati:ius, but tlie metathorax is without
lateral angles.

Hab. South America; Brazil, Venezuela (author's collect.).

.—Rev.

b. Abdomen varied with black and rufous.

81* O. Eriniij'8 Lepel. — Niger, valde punctatus, gracilis; thorace
postice attHiiaaco ; nietauoto louge bi^piiiDso, cautliis acutissimis mar-
ginato; abdomine basi truucato ; iu margiuibud valde punctato ; ore,
macula froutali et auteiiuaruia articulis 1-5 riifis ; prouoto, tegulis,
post-scutello, uietanoti aiiguli^, abdoiaiiiis prirao sogmento supurne et
fiecundi margiue pedibusque, rulis; alii) iiifusuatis, costa sabferruginea.

9 . Clypeo pirifortni, crasse puiictato, bioaiiuato, apice biangulato, apice
et basi, rufis.

^. Clypeo polygonali, luteo, argenteo-sericeo, subbideutato ; anteuuis
apice liaud uucinatis.

Variat. Priiuo et secuudo abd. sflgmentis fiavv-marginatis.

Odyn. Enjnnis Lep. St. Fauoeau, Hymen. II, 645, 30 } (1841).— Sadss.
Vespides, I, 178, 70.

Total length, Iti mm. ; wiug, 11 mm.

9. Form (slender, moderately lengthened. Head and thorax
coarsely cribrose ; this last quite lengthened, retracted behind ;
post-scutel finely crenulate; metathorax having its pt *»»rior face
a little retracted; strongly excavated, a little oblic^ue, t.^ooth,
finely striate; bordered with abrupt very trenchant ridge?, which
are armed on each side with a long spiniform tooth, prism-shaped,
and prolonged oblicjuely backward ; it is placed sufficiently lo\7
for the inferior ridges of the metathorax to be almost horizontal ;
these last offer beyond on each side of the valves of articulation
with the abdomen, a second distinct spine. The superior ridges
are sinuous and terminate under the post-scutel by an arc or
nearly a right angle; seen in profile their summit terminates in a
pyramidal, although but little acute, angle, placed quite behind
the post-scutel and separated from it by a triangular notch.

j% /

/

y

.*

y

I /^'

246

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

Abdomen of little width; fmoly punctured, the first segment
long, almost as wide as tiie 2d, and boldly truncate on its ante-
rior face; the 2d cylindrical; its posterior border and the follow-
ing segments strongly punctured.

Insect black, clothed with a short grayish pile. Moath,
extremity and summit of tho clypous, a spot on the front, articles
1-5 of the antennuj, red. Prothorax, wing scales, superior
angles of the clypeus and legs, equally red. First abdominal
segment above, wholly of a sombre-red; the second bordered with
red ; the border of 3d and often the anus slightly ferruginous.
Wings brownish, with violet reflections ; the side a little ferru-
ginous.

Var. The 1st segment adorned with an orange border; the
border of 2d passing also into orange. ,

9 . Clypeus pyriforra, very coarsely cribrose, bicarinate toward
the base, prolonged and strongly truncate at the extremity ; its
little border biangulate but straight.

% . Clypeus polygonal, a little longer than wide ; pale yellow,
covered with silvery hair; its anterior border subconcave, sub-
bidentate. Antennae simple, terminated by a very small sharp
nipple. Inner border of tho orbits yellow or ferruginous ; the
frontal spot yellow. Ridges of the metathorax still more tren-
chant, terminated superiorly by a more acute angle of a pyramidal
form.

Var. Clypeus orange.

Bess. a. diff. — This species, although similar in coloi's with 0.
Boscii and 0. arvensis, differs essentially from them by its
lengthened thorax, strongly retracted behind, by its little meta-
thorax, by its long metathoracic spines, its much more trenchant
and elevated ridges, its slender form, its clypeus longer than
wide, and the simple antenna; of tho males.

The form of the abdomen slightly recalls that of tho 0. i-sectus;
the livery that of 0. doi'salis, variety.

Hab. The Southern United States. Carolina. Florida. 3 ?
1 ^ from Florida (E. Norton}.

ODYNEULS,

247

its

Division ODYKERUS.

Sadss., IIF divis., Sect. II<» (Et. Vesp. I, 177) ; Divis. Epsilon,
Sect. IF (ibid. Ill, 2.'J4).

Forms as in Division Paciiodynerus, but often more elongate;
the thorax more cubical, always in shape of an elongate-
square, often rather narrowed behind. Abdomen conical as
in Paciiodynerus, or ovatt-conical, but the first segment

ALWAYS fully INCLUDING THE BASE OF THE 2d. {BiJ excep-
tion, irregularly contracted at base of the 2d segment, the first
segnie, t being smaller, rather cup-shaped. — O. Morelii.) —
Antennae of the males terminated by a hook.

The Odyueri of this Division have forms quite approxiniatiiig to
those of Divisioi! Pachodynerus, forms whicii have been described
above, and they difler from these principally in the an.enna; uf
the males which have the 13th joint recurved into a little hook.

As these forms are not exactly alike in all, we arrange the spe-
cies in a series in which we can follow the thorax as it becomes
more elongate, and rather contracted behind, with the metathorax
becoming more and more rounded, losing its sharp edges, while
the abdomen is less conical and more and more ovate-conical.

This Division includes quite varied types, principally charac-
terized bv the modifications of the metathorax (which is sharp,
spined ov rounded, and blunt), and by the form of the abdomen,
quite conical or elongate and more ovate. The more elongate
species pass into the forms of the Division Stenodynerus. As
these distinctions are difficult to establish, I have prepared a
tabular statement of them.

Table to assist in distinguishing the Division Odynerus and Stesodynercs,
with regard to Pachodynerus.

Post-scutel truncate ; abdomen conical.

Post-scutel truncate ; abdomen spindle-shaped, the
first segment rather subpetiolate or funnel-shaped.

Post-scutel not truncate ; oblique, posteriorly angulate,
punctate.

Thorax cubical.

Thorax more lengthened.

f Pachodynei'us.
I Odynerus.

Stenodynerus.

Stenodynerus.

Pachodyiierns.
f Pachodynerus,
i Odynerw.
I Stenody.ierus.

k_ ,_.J

248 IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

f Superior face of metatkorax produced behind the

[I'AUT I.
Stenodynerus.

post-scutel.
Superior face of metathorax not produced behind the
po3t-scutel.

a. Truncate, with the post-scutel. | ^«cAo(iyner«s.

I Odynerus.

b. Truncate, without the post-scutel, which is not
truncate. Stenodynerus.

{Odynerus.
Stenodynerus.

i f Pachod ynerus.

J Abdomen conical. i n j

1 l Odynerus.

I Abdomen spindle-shaped, contracted at base, the first

L segment funnel-shaped or cup-shaped. Stenodynerus.

First abdominal segment longer or as

long as wide. Stenodynerus.

First abd. segment having its superior

f Pachodynerus.

f Abdomen elongate, its base widely truncate.

face wider than long.

Odynerus.

Stenodynerus (by exception).

First abd. segment more strongly punc-
tured than the second. Stenodynerus,
First abd. segment not so strongly puno-

j , . , , f Pachodynerus.

tured as the second, smooth. ■< ^ ,

(. Odynerus.

First and second segments equally

f Stenodynerus. "I .. ,,

punctured. .^ ^, ^ ^exceptionally.

^ *^ Odynerus. i

The insects of this group have a marked tendency to become
rugose, and the border of the 2d abdominal segment is cribrose
with strong punctures ; in general, at any rate, it oflfers a zone,
rugose and a little impressed or channelled.

But there is a set of species which offers, on the contrary, a
smooth, shining body, with a tendency to omit the punctures.
This type is represented here by the 0. bidens only, but is met
again in other genera.

The species presenting a rugose body offer a great similarity
to the European species, and this similarity goes so far that one
might attempt to indicate with certainty among them the Euro-
pean type from which they seem to be derived. So, for example,
the 0. (Bhynchium) dorsale, derived from the Rhynchium ocu-
latum; the O.foraminatus from the O. simplex, etc., while those
having a smooth body which have been identified, are of a type

0DYNERU8.

24 a

exclusively American. The O. bidens in particular, with its great
size, its black-viulet wings, its white ornaments, forming large
spots, its smooth body, is a type of which the form has no simi-
larity either in Europe or elsewiiere, while it recalls other
species peculiar to North America {Munobia uncinala, Ancidro-
cerus i-sectus).

The species which form the Division Odynerus occupy in
America principally the northern temperate zone. They appear
to be yet more numerous in North America than in Europe.

Table to assist the determination of the species of Division Oili/neriis.

iVota.— Compare 0. Cry;)<(c«.s (No. 95), which couhl not !.h introduced
into this table, not being .sufficiently well known ; and at the end of the
genus, the list of species incertce sedis.

1. Second abdominal segment having a particular form.

2. Second abdominal .segment dcfornied.

3. Swollen posteriorly, forming two gibbosities, its margin very
deeply canaliculate and uiuoh reflexed. 110. cluniculiis.

3, 3. Without strong gibbosities ; the margin only strongly canalicu-

'"•te- Hi. Moretii.

2,2. Second abd. segment produced in the middle, forming a sharp
angle or tooth. productus.^

1, 1. Second abd. segment not deformed, normal, not swollen.
2. Wings black or fuscous, with violet iridescence.

3. Ornam<»nts of the body white or luteous.

4. Metathorax black, 2d segment margined with luteous.

101. Me(j(tra,
4,4. Metathorax maculate with luteous; 2d segment not margined
with luteous. 90. udtns.

3,3. Ornaments of the body yellow or rufous.

4. Metathorax angulate.

5. First abd. segment sharply truncate at base.

82. Hidulgi, var,

5, 5. First abd. segment not so sharply truncate, more rounded.

84. f dor satis.'
93. t annectens.

4, 4. Metathorax rounded ; insect velutinous. 109. Romandinus.
2, 2. Wings subhyaline or clouded or ferruginous.

3. Body much adowied with rufous; prothorax often rufous.

4. Metathorax not forming on each side a lateral dentiform angle.

' Compare at the end of Genus Odynerus, the species inceTt<e sedis.
« Compare also 0. Boscii and arvensis, sometimes with rather obscure
wings.

960

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

5. Insect black and dull rufous, with yellowish orunments ;
body velutinous, liairy.
6. Second ubil, seguiHiit not canaliculate. 108. Guerreri.
a, G. Second abd. segment having its margin strongly canali-.
culute. 111. Muretii.

5, 5. Insect ferrnginous and black, with bright yellow oi numeuts ;

abdomen polished, not velutinus. ''*'^' \ «"""'"'"•'••

lOU. >. prulensis.

4,4. Metathorax forming on each side a dentiform angle.

5. Size very large.
0. Wings smoky.

(j, (). Wings ferruginous.

5, 5. Size medium or small.

84. dorsalis.
65. j jiroclus.
80. I- Connors,

G. Superior angles of /rothorax not prominent.

99. I apicalis

7. Wings smoky. 94.

92.
7, 7. Wings ferruginous.

8. Second abd. segment not canaliculate.

9. Size smaller. 98. spectabilis.

D9. f apicalis.
'ii, j aniiulatus,
92. ^ arvensis.

9, 9. Size larger.

94. f annulatus.
■ apicalis.

94. / anm
99. I apic

8, 8. Second segment morn or less canaliculate.
9. Post-scutel crenulate ; abilomen conical.

89. Ifiirbidi.
9, 9. Post-scutel not crenulate ; abd. not conical.

111. Morelii.
6, 6. Superior angles of metathorax prominent, separated from
post-scutel by a fissure or a notch. Size medium.

7. Margins of segmnnts 2d, 3d, reflexed; post-scutel ~ellow.
8. All the segments margined with yellow.

82. Hidalgl, var.

8, 8. Segments 1-3 margined with yellow.

82. Ilidcdgi, lar.
7,7. Margins of segments 2, 3 depressed, but not reflexed;
post-scutel black. 83. Boscii.

3, 3. Body black, adorned with yellow or luteous.

4. Ornaments luteous.

5. All the abd. segments margiaed with luteous.

103. leucomelas.
5,5. Only 2d segment margined with luteous. 101. Megmra.
4, 4. Ornaments yellow.

5. Post-scutel black.

6. SHgments 1, 2 margined with yellow; wings cloudy,
brownish. 83. Boscii.

6, 6. Segments all margined with yellow ; wings ferruginous.

91. Alvariidi.

5, 5. Post-scutel adorned with yellow.

MMU

0DYNEUU8,

251

85. f ])riirtHs,
8(J. I cunsors.

6. Very large species.

6, Ij, Species of mediuiii or small size.

7. Metiitiiorax foiuiiiit' <>» •'ai'ii side a lateral angle.

8. Superior angles of Uietathorax separated from poat-

scutel by a fissure or a notch.
Superior angles produced into erect spines ; scutel

_ ■y"""'- 87. sculellaris.

9, 9. Superior angles not spined.

10. Lateral angles acute; margin of '-M segment

rcllexed ; scutel Mack. 82. J/idnh/i.

10, 10. Lateral angles obsolete; margin of 2d segment
not reflexed ; scutel maculate.

11. Metathorax very sharp; 1st segment broadly

margined with yellow. IdO. tiir/>in.
11,11. Metathorax not sharp; Ist segment not mar-
gined in the middle. 88. Cordm-ce.
8, 8. Superior angles of metathorax not produced.

9. Scutel yellow or maculate; clypeus f yellow; wings
ferruginous.
10. Second segment margined with yellow.
11. Smaller; more slender; scutel yellow.

98. fij>ectaliilis,
11, 11. Larger, less slender, scutel maculate.

91. ( ajiica/is.

tr, in c ■, ^~' ^Jonnusiis,

10, 10. Second segment mostly yellow.

96. suf/ureus,
9, 9. Scutel black ; clypeus, J rufous or black and yellow.
10. Ornaments of the body bright yellow.
11. Wings smoky. 92. urvensis.

11, 11. Wingssmoky-ferrnginous. 94. aimuldius.
10,10. Ornaments dull yellow; wings ferruginous;
body rather pubescent. 91. AlvaradL

7, 7. Posterior face of metathorax more or less orbicular, not

foiming two lateral angles.

8. Supeiior edges of metathorax sharp, produced, separa-

ted from post-scutel l)y a distinct fissure or a notch.
9. Segments 1, 2 margined with lateou.«.

101. Megtera.
9,9. Segments 2, 5 margined with yellow or luteous.
10. Second segment without yellow macula.

11. First segment only maculate on the sides.

88. Coniovce.
11, 11. First segment margined with yellow.

12. Scutel maculate with yellow.

13. Edges of the concavity of metathorax very
sl'arp- 100. turpis.

SfiS

HYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part T.

i

yellow.

13, l^i. Kilpcs of the concavity of inetathornx
morn liluuted. lOb. molealna,

12, 12. SculHl black.

13. Fniicia of tliu firrtt abd. gHgnient narrow ;
ornaments pale. KU. lencomeliiH.
13,13. Fascia of the iiiHt alid. Hegiuent wider;

102. \J'oritminutiis.
107. ^Jlavojiictus,
10, 10. Second segment with lateral yellow niacuhe or
fascia. 1(14. Iiluiidus.

8, 8. Superior angles of raetathorax not produced behind
the post-8cutel or scarcely produced.
9. Second segment without lateral yellow spots.
10. Metathnrax Ktrongly extvivated, rough ; all the
Hegments uiargiued witli yellow.

lO.*). molestus,
10, 10. Metathorax not strongly excavated, not rough ;
2, 3 segments margined with yellow.

109. Romamlinus.
9, 9. Second segment with lateral yellow spots or fai^cisp.

104. blaiidus.

Description vf the species.

Section I. — Post-scute.l shai'ply truncate; its transverse edge
often crenulate. Abdomen conical or ovate-conical; the
second segment not strangulated at base; the first segment
including it very naturally.

1, Posterior plate of metathorax angulate, forming on each side
a lateral dentiform angle. (Thorax square, angulate, poste-
riorly wide, not contracted. Abdomen very conical.)

A. Concavity of the metathorax polygonal, marginedwith straight
or arcuate ridges, which form at their meeting a sharp angle.
The superior lateral edges superiorly terminating in a. tooth
or eminence, separated from the p)Ost-scxdel by a deep fissure,
or by a notch.

These teeth are more distinct in the males than in the females,
sometimes obsolete in the females.* Corap. Sec. B.

a. Ridges of the metathorax very salient; its posterior face excavated.
* Pnnterior margin of 2d nnd 3cJ abdominal segments reflexed.

83* O* Hidalgi Sxrss. — Niger, crasse cribri instar punctatus ; clypeo
in utroque sexu truncato ; metanoto valde concavo, biangulato, canthis

' Principally in OJyn. Boscii and dorsalia.

ODYNKHUS.

253

nin imu nciitl:4 iMaighmto: abdoniine oonlco, bn.si nctitc trnncatn ; neg-
ineiilonuu 2'-4' iiiiuijine grouse imiictiito; li' et li'' lelloxo; hoiipo nulttu.s,
iiiaculii froiitiili, oculiiri, post-ouulari, proiioti iiiuigiue autiuo, post-
RcutHllo, tegtilis, iHiiuuhi Hubalriri ut utriiiiiiiH luutauoti Humiiii, iibiloininia
HUgiuuntoi'uiu I'-^i" luai'giiiibus, tlavis ; piiiul fascia uti'iiu|u» auuta ;
pudibuH ut mandibuliri furrugiiieo- »t llavu-variii) ; alin int'ii.scatid viulud-
centiburi. J. Clypeo nigra, llavo-binotato ; ^ clypeo llavo.

Viiiiat Miguatuiid plud miuusve fiilvia (Aiu. bort-alis).

Viirietds Mexivana. — Nigro et rufo-variegatus, vorlice nigro; anteiinaruiu
artioulis 10, 2° ferrugineis ; pronoto, nmuula subalari, tegulis, scutellis,
nietanoti lateribus, rulls v ;! flavo-variis ; abdouiiiie rufo ; st-guientoruin
limbo llavo-vario ; 1', 2' baHi nigro-angulato, pedibun rufis. — "^ . Clypeo,
capitis signaturis et suapi fatioia, flavin ; prouoti limbo, soutuUis, macula
dubalari et tibiis auraiitiacis.

9. Total length, 13-14 mm.; wing, 10-11 mm.
% . Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

Oili/u. Ilidahji Sauss. Rev. et Mag. de Zool. IX, 1857, 275 (var).

Appearance of a Rhynvhium, but the mouth quite an in Oihj'
ncrus; the joints of the maxillary palpi becoming regularly shorter
from the iirst to the last.

Clypeus punctured, widely truncate, its inferior part rather
flattened and laterally bicarinate. Thorax in the form of an
elongate square, not contracted posteriorly, densely and coarsely
punctured. Post-scutel sharply truncate, strongly crenulate.
Metathorax very rough on its superior and lateral face; its
posterior concavity occupying its whole width, shining, strigose,
margined with very sharp edges, which form on each side a very
strong dentiform angle, and which terminates superiorly in two
eminences separated from the post-scutei by two deep fissures.
Abdomen silky, quite conical, not ovate ; its first segment large,
as wide as the second, sharply truncate anteriorly ; the margin
of 2d and following segments quite coarsely cribrose; the border
of the 2d and 3d reflexed but not channelled. Mandibles, a
frontal mark, inner orbits, post-ocular fascia, scape of the antennai
beneath, anterior margin of prothorax, a spot beneath the wing,
tegulte, post-scutel, a mark on each superior angle of metathorax,
yellow or rather fulvous ; segments 1-3 margined with yellow,
the fascia of the first much widened on the sides or fused with an
oblique fascia, often rufous. Legs fert-uginous, black at base;
tibiae with a yellow line, or entirely yellow. Wings infuscated,

254

IIVMKNOI'TKRA OF A.MKIIICA.

[I'AllT I.

Ijrowii with vidlct iridt'scunct', or fiiHco-vioIiiccouH; the Ijuso paler
or a lilllo tVrnif^iiHtus.

Var. I'rotliuriix ul'ton uilh some rufou8 color; tho yt'llow
changing to fulvous.

%. A littliJ Huiiilli'r. Macula3 of nietathorux larger; its Htij)c-
rior ridges very salient, more arcuate, torniinuted superiorl)' hy ii
sharp t(»(tth. Mandibles and elypeus yellow; this last polygonal,
wider than long; the angles of its inferior wide margin somuwhut
toothed, the inferior part not prolonged as In O. arvennis.

Mexican var let II ?. — Insect rufous and black. Head black;
mniidililes, clypeus, margins of the orbits complete or interrupted
at the verte.\, a spot on tho foreh'nid, and at base of antenna;,
rufous; prothora.v, tegulie, a spot oeiieath them, rufous ; scutel
rufous, notched, with black at base; their nuirgins all yellow;
tho margin of the first segment widened on the sides. Anus
yellow. Feet rufous, varied with yellow. Wings smoky, mi,\ed
with ferruginous ((7. IlidaUji Sss,, I, e. ).

Var. t'lypeus, scape of the antenme, and forehead, etc., varied
with yellow.

%. Mandibles, orbits, a triangle on the forehead, a line on the
scape of the antenna), yellow; flagellum often ferruginous beneath;
the hook ferruginous. Margin of prothorax, scutel, a spot under
the wing, and til)ia3, often yellow.

i?('.s,s. a diff. — This species is peculiar in having its first segment
sharply truncate in a right or even more acute angle. It differs
from the 0. lioHvii and arvenniH in its reflexed 2d and 3d abdo-
minal segments, its more sharply truncate 1st segment; in its
more elevated metathoracic post-scutellar eminences, its more
truncate clypeus.

The type (northern variety) differs from 0. Boscii in its yellow
post-scutel and black scutel.

The Mexican (rufous variety) recalls 0. Guerreri and Iturhidi.
It differs from the first in its form and its not bidentate post-
ecutel; from the second in its metathorax, superiorly very sharp,
in the reflexed margin of the 3d segment, the abdomen being
sharply truncate at base, not rounded, etc.

Hah. United States. New York. Louisiana (E. Norton). —
The temi)erate part of Mexico. I caught 2 9, 1 ^, var., in the
hot part of the province of Mexico, near Cuautta and Cuerna-
cava. Tamaulipas 1 9.

ODYNKHUS.

255

•♦ Pimttrior margin of 2<l and 3il nhiUiintnitl Hiymtnto not rfJiKjced, hut imiirtittil

mill ruiijit,

AS. O. Ilosfli Lki'ki..— MudiuH, iugo.HU!4, clyiM'o liittt ijirifomii, dfiitibu^
2 >listantil)iiH tfrtiiiiiatii ; O. ("feimi .xitiiilliiiiiis at ul^'peo iniiiUH ^rnnso
puiiutiito, lUHtanoti uaiitlii^ HU|i(!iioritiUM amtirttiuiis, i rtMiatis ; \\\^^vT,
ruto et flavo varicsiitus*, «eil piouolo nit'iiius info, tlav()-lllal^'iIlato,
HoiUelli) llavo- vel rufii-liiiuaculatd, |Ki.tt-suutHllo nigro ; nlMloininirt H*'g-
luentls 9 l'^-20, % \0-As> flavo-linibatin ; piiuio qiiamhxiue ante iiiar-
giiiuiu ruto.

Odjjii. liosrii Lkpkl. St. Faig. Ilyinfinop. II, (!,17, 22 % (1841).— Sausb.

Vi'Hi.i.l. I, 177, (i'J ;' 1)1. xvii, li^-. 10, % ; III, 231, J.
Odi/ii. cuatiijaluH Sauhh. Vespid. I, 178, 71 (18r)2).

Total l^'ugtli, 14 mill. ; wing, 11 nun.

9. Size, form, iiii!l pimfturing of tlio O. arvenfu's-, or a iittlo
less coarsely puiictiirud. Clypeu.s widely pyriforni, i>unetuate-
striute, termiimted by two little Hepanited teeth. J'ost-seiitel
stroiifrly crenulute. Melutliorax Inlerully bideiitate ; its spitii-
foriii aiigle.s situated a little lower than in the specie.s cited; the
posterior plate strongly concave, striate Ihrtmghout and distinctly
bordered with very sharp and trenchant ridgcH, above all between
the Hpiniform angle and the post-scutel ; these ridges a little
crenulatc and terminating .superiorly in a sort of tooth or rather
a crcnulate angle .separated from the post-scutel by a notch ; their
inner face a little rugose, punctured.

Insect densely and rugosely punctured; the nictathora.x above
very rugose. Abdomen conic; the first segment truncate at base,
at a right angle, but the transverse edge rounded, not sharp.
Border of the 2d abdominal segment depressed, coarsely punc-
tured, but not reflpxcd ; those following strongly punctured.
Insect black. Mouth, clypeus, spots behind the eyes, red or
orange ; an arc or t\?o spois at the summit of the clypeus, one on
the front, and inner border of the orbits, orange ; articles 1, 2 of
the antennre red or orange, with an obscure line above. Prothorax
red; the anterior border orange ; tegulre red, spotted with yellow;
spot under the wing orange or red ; clypeus black, with some-
what of red and two yellow spots; two orntige spots at the summit
of the metathorax; segments 1, 2 of the abdomen bordered with
yellow; the border of the first widened on the sides ; this widen-

' 7/1 place of Long. =0.018, read: =0.012.

256

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[I'ART I.

Jng varied with red or often almost entirely red. Legs yellow or
red, with the base of the thighs obscure. Wings of a brown-
reddish, slightly darkened, with some violet reflections (Carolina).
Var. a. Edges of metathorax a little blunted by the rugosities.

b. Prothorax black, slightly bordered with red and very slen-
derly with yellow ; ornaments of the head red ; borders of the abdo-
men narrow. Clypeus black, with a yellow baud on the summit.

c. Clypeus black, with two yellow spots.

d. C'ypeus black, with two red points (New England). The
yellow and the red take each other's places and arc more or less
developed. Base of legs black.

e. Prothorax black, ornamented with yellow, without red.
/. The 3d segment bordered with yellow.

g. Insect distinctly black and yellow, without red. The orna-
ments of a sharp yellow. Clypeus black, with a yellow arcuate
band on the summit ; a yellow line on the scape (New York,
Tennessee).

Ji. Spots on the scutel very small or none.

% . Clypeus yellow, but little notched ; post-scutcl red or
yellow; first abdominal segment red, bordered with yellow.
Segments 3, 4 adorned with a yellow edging.

Bess. a. diff. — This Odynerus diflfers from the 0. dorsaUs 9
by its wider clypeus, and by the trenchant and elevated ridges
which border the concavity of the metathorax ab-^ve the spiniform
angle, also by its smaller size, etc. From the 0. orvcniis by
these same rnetathoracie ridges, which are more salient and
crenulate, which one may perceive especially in profile ; by its
black post-scutcl and its scutel spotted with yellow ; by its 3d
segment, a little less strongly punctured; its final segments not
bordered with yellow. Nevertheless these two species are allied.
— From the 0. Hidalgi by the absence of the rcflexed border of
segments 2, 3, by the black post-scutel, the 1st segment not so
acutely truncate, etc.

Hab. The United States, at the South. Florida, 1 9 . South
Carolina, 2 9. Tennessee, 3 9. New York and Connecticut,
3 9 (E. Norton).

The specimens coming from the South are especially marked
with red ; those of the north become black and yellow.

Observation. — Lepel de St. Fargeau has described a male, and
I unfortunately possess only females. lie was evidently mis-

ODYNERUS.

257

is 9
idffcs

I'Ul

and

y i^*'
3 3d
5 not

Allied,
f of

lot so

;outh

larked

, ana
mia-

taken in saying that the post-scntol is slightly crcnulate ; how-
ever, one finds under this deisoriptiou some variations according
to specimens.

84« O* dorsalis' Fabr — Validus, niger, valde puuctatus ; clypeo
iutegro, metauoto posittuti striuto, utriu^uo <leute ariuatu, luargiiiibus
rugoais, oblittirati.s, uullomuilo auutis, cauthis 9 nullin, ^ elevatius-
culia ; ore, clypeo, aiitennarum arliculis 1-3, inaculi.s post-oculaiibus,
pronoto, 3cutello, tegulis, rn&n ; pronoto medio, post.acutello et abdo-
uiiuis primi segmeuti inargine, tlavis ; margitie secuiidi et tertii rugo-
sisaime punctati!); — '^ anteniiis baai, tnaculaque subalari rufa ; abdo-
minis seginentorum niargiue 20, 3^ tlavo, seuuudo reflexo, subcauali-
culato ; pedibus flavia, baai nigris ; alia fusco-cyaueis.

Variat a fusco et ferrugiueo-variegato ad ouiuiuo ferrugineum ; prime
aegmeuto llavo-uurginato.

Vespa dorsalis Fabr. Syst. Ent. 3(!7, 25 (1775). Eut. Syst. 265, 44.—

Oliv. Kncycl. Moth. VI, 685, 81.
Pnlisles dorsalis Vabh. Ijyst. I'iez., 273. 19.
Rhijnc/uutii biiltaiium Say, Boat. Jouru. I, 1837, 383, 1. — Say's Entom. Lb

CONTE, II, 764, 1.
Monohia si/lvatica SAcaa. Et. Vespid. Ill, 168.^

lihynchium Louisianum Sauss. Et. Vespid. 1, 106, 7; pi. xiii, fig. 9' (1852).
lihynchium domale Sauss. Et. Vespid. Ill, 171.

9 . Total length, 17 mm. ; wing, 14 mm.
% . Total length, 17 mm. ; wing, 12 mm.

9 . Large. Clypeus wider than long, but pyriform, tei'minated
by a truncation or even a little rounded ; its surface covered with
quite fine punctures. Mandibles long, hooked; armed in the
middle of their inner border with 3 or 4 oblique teeth, but their
final portion simply cutting, not dentate. Head and thorax
densely cribrose with strong punctures ; prothora.x retracted
before. Scntel briefly truncate, bearing a crcnulate crest, inter-
rupted in the middle. Metathorax very coarsely punctured, very
rugose upon its borders ; quite variable according to specimens;
its hinder plate quite flattened, striate, forming on each side a
dentiform angle (at times blunted) ; its superior borders some-
times quite trenchant, sometimes effaced, scarcely offering tren-

' Compare Rhynchium dorsale, page 143.

* Compare page 132, No. 3, most likely a different species.

9 On the inscription upon this plate, in place of: 9. Rh. limhatum, read :
10. Rh. limbatun; and in place of: 10. Rh. Louisanum, read: 9. Rh. Louisi-
anum.

IT

f

<-«"

•.-£4U

258

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

chant ridges, but rounded and rugose, rarely elevated so as to oe
separated from the post-scutel by a fissure, so that the post-scutel
appears very salient. The concavity striate, iis borders rugose.
The superior crest salittut or effaced. Abdomen wide, conical ;
the first segment truncate, but rounded, without a ridge ; the 2d
segment finely punctured, offering along its posterior margin a
wide rugose band, a little depressed, garnished with coarse punc-
tures ; this band a little widened in the middle, but the little
border (the very edge) smooth ; following segments sti'ougly
punctured, with the extreme margin smooth.

Black Variety. — Insect black; mouth, clypcus, a spot on the
front, inner border of the orbits, a great spot behind each eye, arti-
cles 1-3 of the antennae, rufous; prothorax, tegulas, scutel, equally
rufous ; in the middle of the prothorax a double spot and on the
post-scutel a line or two dots, yellow; first abdominal segment
ornamented with a yellow border widened on the sides. Legs
black, knees, tibiie, and tarsi, yellow. Wings of a deep brown
violet.

Var. a. Scutellum black.

b. Border of 2d and 3d abdominal segments brown.

c. Border of 2d and 3d segments narrowly yellow.

d. Clypeus black, spotted with ferruginous. Scutel black, with
two red spots.

e. Disk of mcsothorax with two hooked rufous maculoe.

/. The ferruginous more extended ; two ferruginous spots nn
the mesothorax ; scutel and metathorax ferruginous ; abdomen
ferruginous with the fiist two segments notched with black at the
base and their border yellow (Louisiana) (Polistes dorsalis Fabr.
Eh. Louisianum Sauss.).

g. Almost entirely ferruginous, with the border of the first
segment yellow. Legs, mandibles, orbits, varied with orange
(Illinois).

h. The two nietathoracic teeth blunted, not very distinct.

Rufous Varieti/. — The whole insect rufo-ferruginous ; scape
beneath, hinder margin of prothorax, tegulse, a line on the post-
Bcutel, border of the 1st Segment of the abdomen, yellow; feet
mostly yellow, and the flagellura only of the antennae black. —
Mexico.

— a. A spot on the vertex, anterior part of mesothorax, base
of the first two segments of the abdomen black (Tennessee).

OUYNERUS.

259

jv; feet
black. —

— b. All the intermediate degrees between the black and the
rufous variety (Illinois, Tennessee).

%. Metathorax less blunted on the latero-superior borders of
the concavity, the superior edges more elevated, forming lines of
salient rugosity, and separated from the post-scutel on each side
by a fissure; often exhibiting tvvo slightly crenulatc salients; the
two lateral teeth very sharp. Abdomen more conical.

A little smaller; clypeus as long as wide, yellow. Mandibles,
inner borders of orbits, spot on the front, and a line on the scape
of the antennae, in general, yellov/ ; hook of the antennaj ferru-
ginous. A red spot under the wing. Borders of abdominal
segments 2, 3 adorned with yellow ; the 2d reflexed, strongly
channelled ; rugosities of these two borders excessively strong.
Wing not so deeply colored as in female.

Var. a. Angles of metathorax red; a little red bordering the
yellow within the black notch of the first segment, especially on
the right and the left.

b. Two yellow dots on the superior face of the metathorax and
two beneath the wings.

c. The whole anterior border of the prothorax red, wideiy
margined with yellow.

d. Wings transparent. Scutellum black. — Illinois (Walsh).

e. Body more and more rufous.

This species seems to become more rufous as it goes southward.
It is also rather variable in the strength of the punctures.

Bess. a. diff. — The 0. dorsalis is remarkable for the inequality
of the metathorax in the different sexes, from whence it results
that the males are well placed in this section, while the females
seem by their effaced ridges to go better into the Divisions B. or
C. The species greatly resembles the 0. Boscii and arvensis,
but above all it differs from them by its greater size, by its trun-
cate, not bidentate clypeus, and by its more obscure wings. It
differs from the 0. Boscii by the less elevated ridges of the meta-
thorax, and from the arvensis by the more elevated ridges. The
ferruginous individuals resemble the O. Iturbidi. Finally, the
species is clearly different by its maxillary palpi, which are those
of a Rhynchium,}

' With the 0. dorsalis, the niaxillary palpi have tlie 1st article large;
the 2d and 3d slender and long; the last three quite small. TLe 3d

|i:;'

2C0

HYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[I'ART I.

Hab. The United States, especially the South, I possess divers
individuals taken in Pennsylvania (Kathvon), Illinois (Walsh),
Tennessee (Fuchs), Louisiana (Norton), South Carolina (author).
I have taken the red variety in Mexico.

Observation. — I am not entirely certain v.'hether my Monobia
silvatica should be fused into this species or whether it is a true
Monobia, the label of it being uncertain and the palpi having been
found in an imperfect state. The type I cannot examine again.

85. O* proctus Cresson. — Pallida ferruginens ; orbitis, clypeo, margine
antico pronoti, scuteliis, macula subalari, pedibus partiiu abdouiiuisque
segmentorum 1', 2', margiuibus, obscure-tlavidid ; anteuuia mediia
nigresoentibus ; alis pallide flavesceutibus. 9 •

Odyn. Proctus Cresson, Pbila. Ent. Proceed. IV, 18(j5, 159.

Total lengtb, 8.5 lines ; expanse of wing, 15 lines.

9. Head dull-ferruginous, dusky above the insertion of each
antenna;, around the ocelli and on the occiput ; inner orbits of
the eyes, filling up the deep sinus, a small subcordate mark
between the antennae, the clypeus, and most of the mandibles
yellowish ; clypeus large, closely punctured, flattened on the disk,
and slightly and obtusely emarginate at tip ; mandibles black at
tip ; palpi pale ferruginous ; antennae yellowish-ferruginous, the
scape yellowish beneath. Thorax fusco-ferruginous, closely and
rather deeply punctured, covered with a very short, fine, dull
yellowish, subsericeus pile; broad anterior margin of the pro-
thorax above, continued in a narrow line to the tegula;, and a
large spot on each side of the pleura, yellowish ; mesothorax
fusco-ferruginous, tinged with blackish on the anterior and poste-
rior margins, the disk, with two distant, very faint, longitudinal,
ferruginous lines, confluent behind the middle ; scutellum and
post-scutellum yellowish, the apical margin of the former blackish,
and the yellowish portion divided down the middle by a faint
fuscous line; metathorax yellow, the suture between it and the
post-scutellum, as well as a large spot on tha apical middle, fusco-
ferruginous; posterior face rather suddenly depressed, with a
small tubercle on each side at the angulation; pleura fuscous

article is not longer than the last tvro taken together, but yet the species
may be placed in the genus Rhynchium. — Compare what has been said
apropos of the genus Rhynchium, page 142.

0DYNERU8.

2GI

beneath ; tegulaa duH yellowish, with a ferruginous stain on the
middle. Abdomen oblong" ovate, tlie basal segment dome-shaped,
obtusely rounded at base, without transverse suture at carina,
distinctly i)unetured, the remaining segments indistinctly so ;
apical margins of all the segments above narrowly yellowish,
almost divided on the disk by a narrow line, those of the second
and third segment broader and dilated on the extreme sides,
espociuUy on the lirst segment, where tliere is a rather largo
triangular mark ; the bands on the remaining segments more or
less enmrgiuato on each side anteriorly ; apical segment with a
large, broad, angular, dull yellowish mark on the middle; beneath
marked as above, except that the apical segment is imraaculati',
and the second segment is almost entirely yellowish, with three
ferruginous spots arranged transversely near the apical margin.

Legs deep yellowish, the femora above and at base beneath
pale yellowish and pale ferruginous. Wings deep yellowish-
hyaline, faintly dusky at tips ; nervures honey-yellow.

Var. This species certainly varies much iuto black, rufous and
yellow.

Hess. a.'iUff, — I do not know this species, and I can only copy
the good description of it given by E. T. Cresson, so that I can
not be perfectly sure it should bo placed in this section. It is
very distinct by its enormous size, still larger than 0. dorsalis;
being the largest North American Odynerus, It is most likely a
Ehynchium, as well as O. dormHs. I quite agree with the
presumption of Mr. Cresson, that 0. consors may be its male.

Hob. Cuba.

86. O. consors Cresson.— Niger ; pnncto frontali, orliUis, clypeo, pro-
iioto aatice, tegulis, macula subalari, scutellis, inetathorai^e partim,
pedibiis, abdominisqiie segm«ntoruin limbo, fiavidis ; abdomine fusco,
Pfginentis lOet 2P nigrescentibns ; alis ferruginescentibus apice griseis.

Oi^tjH. consors Cresbon, Phlla. EnL Proceed. IV, 186i), IGO,

Total length, 7 lin. ; expanse of wing, 11 lin

% . Head black, deeply and closely punctured ; the orbits, fill-
ing up the sinus in front, a spot between the antennte, dilated
above, clypeUs, labrum, and mandibles, except tips, yellow (in
one specimen more or less ferruginous) ; antennae nearly as long

2G2

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

as the thorax, terminating in a hook, black, tinged with ferrugi-
nous at base and tips, scape yellowish beneath. Thorax dull
blackish, densely punctured, slightly pubescent; broad anterior
margin of prothorax continued in a narrow line to the togala),
sometimes interrupted, a large spot beneath the teguloe, scuti'llum,
except its apical margin, and post-scutelluui, yellowish, sometimes
tinged with ferruginous; pleura slightly sericeous in certain lights,
with an oblique dull yellowish stain on each side beneath ; mota-
thorax mostly yellowish, the extreme sides spotted or stained with
fuscous, the posterior face deeply and broadly excavated, covered
with fine transverse striae, more or less distinct, and with a large
blackish mark, covering the disk and spreading out on each side
at base ; lateral angles prominent and obtuse ; tegulaj yellowish,
with a ferruginous spot on the middle. Abdomen shaped and
marked as in the preceding species, but the general color fuscous,
with the third and sometimes the first segments, except their
apical margins, blackish, and the spot on the terminal segment
above, scarcely defined.

Legs yellow, the femora tinged with ferruginous above. "Wings
yellowish-hyaline, more deeply yellowish along the costa; the
apex, especially about the marginal cell, dusky ; nervures honey-
yellow.

Hah. Cuba.

This is most probably the male of 0. proctus, as E. T, Cresson
supposes. But not having the insects before my eyes, I cannot
safely decide it, nor make one description answer for both.

(. The hinder Jace of metathorax more Jlaileued ; its superior edges not

so salient.

* The auperior ridgea forming two elevated epines behind thepost-setttel.

81. O. Scutellaria Sai'sb.— Niger, thorace valde punctato, postice
attenuato; post-scntello acute truncato ; metanoti facie postica planata,
valde angulata, utrinqne dentata, canthis rectis marginata, sapra pone
post-scutellnm bispiiiosa ; abdoiiiine gracili, puuotato ; primo Sfgmento
basi truncato; segmentis seqnentibns marsrine fortlns pnnctalo ; maonla
frontali, poat-oculari, pronoti margiiip, tegulis, macula snbalari, scutelii
margine, post-scntello, metanoti dentulis, abdominisqne segmentorum
li_4i margine pedibnsque, flavis ; alia fnsco-ferrngineis, nebulosis.

% . Clypeo ovato-elongato, flavo, apice breviter bidentato.

Odyn. scutellaris Sauss. Rev. et Mag. de Zool. XXII, 1870, 58, 11, %.
Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

«■■

ODVNKIIUS.

203

%. Form quite slender, a little depressed as with the Ancislro-
cerus tUjris. Thorax slightly prolonged, wide before, retracted
behind. Post-scutel very freely truncate, offering a rr// sharp,
finely crenulate ridge. Metathora.\ verti».'il ; its truncation quite
flat, wide, occupying all its width, forming a plate of a very
angulato shape, as with the Ancislrocerus, notched at the
summit by the post-scutel (in the form of a double pentagon or a
double trapezium); this plate, surrounded by small, straight, _
little salient ridges, which at their meeting form very sharp angles,
forming thus ou each side an angle armed with a tooth ; their
superior angles formmg two teeth, wholly spiniform, directed
vertically and placed behind the angles of the post-scutel. Abdo-
men slender; the first segment quite long and as wide as the 2d,
distinctly truncate at its ba^e and offering on its anterior face a
trace of a suture. Head and thorax rugosely, abdomen finely
punctured ; the border of 2d segment more strongly punctured,
offering, however, but one depressed band, only becoming thinner
as far as the end. Following segment rather strongly punctured.

Insect black, clothed with a tawny or grayish pile ; a dot on
the front, another behind each eye, anterior border of prothorax,
tegulffi, a spot beneath the wing, posterior border of the scutel,
post-scutel, and the four little spiniform teeth of the metathorax,
orange; segments 1-4 of the abdomen bordered with orange;
bordering of the first wide and notched ; that of 2d wide and
regular; that of 3d and 4th narrow, often shortened at the sides.
Legs yellow, black at base. AVings washed with ferruginous.

%. Clypeus ovoid, notably wider than long, a little notched
and bidentate, yellow. Mandibles spotted with yellow. On each
side of the frontal spot a place of golden hair. Antennaj long
and thick, black, with a terminal ferruginous hook ; scape very
short, yellow beneath. Fifth segment ornamented with a yellow
incomplete border. Legs yellow; thighs varied with brown.

9. Unknown.

Hess. a. diff. — This species described simply from one male, is
necessarily incompletely characterized, but it is very easy to
recognize, from the form of the metathorax, of which the poly-
gonal and flattened plate recalls those of the true Ancistrocerus,
but with this difference, that it is still more angular, the latero-
superior ridges not being arcuate. Despite the vestige of a
suture of the first segment, this Odynerus incontestably appertains

I

2C4

IIYMENOPTEBA OP AMERICA.

[I'AllT I.

to the true Odynorus, considering the form of the Itateral angles
of the nietathorax and the presence of the post-sciitellar teeth.
It resernhles them more in the strongly punctured border of the
2d and following segments.

This species has the thorax bailt up upon another system from
the O. Boscii and. its neighbors; it is less excavated; the superior
ridges are more convergent and the teeth which terminate them
at tiie summit are spiniform and almost applied to the post-scutel.

Compare with the 0. apinifer, which presents similar characters
(Divis. aienodijnerits).

Hub. California (Berton).

** The superior edges of metnthnrax vrry slight, only forming behind the post-scutel

two very small teeth,

88. O. Cordovas SAnss. — Niger, sericens ; ■capite et thorace rugose
piinctatis ; post-soutello crenulato ; inetanoto utrinque obtuse subangu-
lato, fnveola subplaiiata, Ruperiie acutiusuule marginata ; abdoinine
ovato-conico, segiueiitorum 2-5 margine crassiuscule pnnotato ; clypeo
Buumo, Rcapo subtus, capitis et pleurarum niaculis, pronoti margini-
bus, tegnlis, puuctis 2 scutelli; post-scutello, luetanoti angulis, abdo-
minis segiuentorum 2-5 margine, primi utrinque macula, auo, tibiis
tarsisque, flavis ; alis subferrugineis apice griseis. 9-

Odyn. Cordovw Sapss. Revue et Mag. de Zool. XXU, 1870, 58 10, 9 .

Total length, 10 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

9 . Head and thorax densely and roughly punctate. Forehead
a little sulcate. Prothorax having its anterior margin convex,
reflexed, subangulate; post-scutel crenulate. Metathorax very
coarsely punctured above, rather flattened behind ; its convexity
not deep, strigose, not margined, except superiorly, where there
exists a little oblique ridge, produced by the rugosities, forming
a little tooth behind the post-scutel ; this is separated from the
post-scutel by a sort of fissure. Lateral angles of metathorax
distinct, but blunt. Abdomen ovate-conical, truncate at base,
smooth and sericeous. Second segment very finely punctured ;
its margin and the following segments strongly punctured.

Black; mandibles rufous; scape beneath, frontal, ocular, and
post-ocular macula, yellow. Anterior and posterior margins of
prothorax, a spot under the wing, tegulfe, two spots on the scutel,
post-scutel, and angles of metathorax yellow ; segments 2-5 of
the abdomen regularly and rather widely margined with yellow ;

ODYNERUS.

205

the first liavirif? on each side a hiteral emarginnto yellow spot.
Anus, knees, tiljiie, and tarsi, and a spot on the interinediato
coxuB, yellow. The yellow ornaments rather oningc-yellow.
Wings ferruginous at the base, smoky at the extremity.

Var.? The first al)doniinal segment narrowly margined.

9 . Clypeus broad, a little bidcntate at tip, strigalc punetate,
black, with a yellow arc on the summit, and two rufous lines
over the teeth.

liens, a. diff. — Resembles 0. nasidens, diabolicus, arfjcntinua,
and neighbors, but the abdomen is not so conical, the lirst seg-
ment not 80 broad, the body not velutinous as in the first, the
metathorax not apined as in diabolicus, the thorax not so square,
short, and w' e as in argenlinus, the head concave behind, the
prothorax rather convex anteriorly. It has also something of
the hook of 0. La Flalse, but the metathorax is not so margined
superiorly by arched ridges. In its livery it differs front all of
these. This recalls more 0. zonatus, which differs from it in the
same characters as 0. La Platse, etc. — Comp. 0. forinosus.

Bab. Mexico. The Cordillera of Cordova (1 9, Sumichrast).

B. Metathorax as in Section A, but the superior edges of its
hinder jtlate not so much elevated, no lunger forming, in the
females, distinct teeth behind the post-scutel, nor even eleva-
tions separated from post-scutel by two fissures. Its edges
still rather distinct, linear.

a. Metathorax excavated; edges straight.

89. O. Itlirbidi Sahss. (Fig. 15, l!)a.)— Validiis, valde piinctatns ;
post-.scutello creiiulato, metanoto perrugoso, utrinqiie angulato, margi-
nibus superis rugosis, caiithis obliteratis, vix perspicuis; abdoitiinis
secundi seginenti margine profuiide canal iculato, et valde rugoso.
Caput et thorax nigra; ore, clypeo, orbitis partitu, inacnla froiitali,
antennarnm articulis 1-4, pronoto, macula 8ul>alan, scutellis, tegiilis,
metanoti angulis pedibusque, ferrugineis ; al)doinine ferrugineo, seg-
tnentis ochraceo-margiuatis; primo et secundo basi incisure iiigr^ ; alia
ferrugineis.

% . Clypeo polygonali, truncate, integro ; frequenter flavo.

Odyn. Iturbidi Sacs8. Rev. Zool. IX, 1857, 276, % .

Total length, 15 mm. ; wing, 12 mm.

Size and form of 0. Boscii. Head and thorax cribrose with
coarse punctures. Post-scutel strongly crenulate. Metathorax

2GG

UYMENUl'TEllA OF AM£UICA.

[part I.

very rugose, its posterior face concave and striate; its borders
not treiicliuiit but coarsely punctured, .ugose, and forming on
eucii side a dentit'orni angle rather tiian a tootli ; its superior
ridges hardly indicated, especially upon the summit, where they
describe on each side a little arc, but without being at all termi-
nated by a pyramidal point. Abdomen silky; the 1st segment
bell-shaped, not being abruptly terminated anteriorly, but rounded,
HO that its anterior and superior faces arc not se[)arated by u ridge.
Sc'ond segment short, having iti border very strongly canali-
culate, a littb rcflexed and very coarsely punctured ; the canal
rugose, and slightly widened angularly in the middle. Margin
of tho following segment very coarsely punctured, but not cana-
liculate.

Head black. Clypeus, mouth, and border of tho orbits, ferru-
ginous. Antonnaj black, with the first three articles ferruginous.
Uetwcen their insertion a ferruginous triangle. Thorax black.
Prothorax, a spot under the wing, tegulae, scutelli, angles of
metathorax, and legs, ferruginous. Abdomen ferruginous ; all the
segments bordered with obscure yellow; the 1st and 2d having a
little of black at their base; this colcr profoundly notched with
ferruginous, and forming on tho 2d segment a triangle, and on
the 1st a lengthened spot in the form of a bottle, or variable.
These colors are in fact quite variable ; in certain specimens one
sees some yellow appear on the clypeus, on the border of pro-
thorax, on the post-scutel, and on the tibia) ; among other thing.s,
the abdominal segments hardly offer a yellow cloud. Wing i fer-
ruginous.

% . Clypeus polygonal, as wide as long, truncate, not biden-
tate, ferruginous. Hook of the antennoe ferruginous.

?Vai\ Tho ferruginous parts of a palo red. Clypeus, month,
frontal spot, a line on the scape of the antennoe, yellow. Ridges
of metathorax a little less effaced ; tho canal of the border of 2d
segment very wide and shallow. (Mesothorax offering two
lateral red spots a little before the teguloe. Articles 2 and 3 of
the maxillary palpi slender.) Cordova.

The maxillary palpi of ilis Odynerus have their last three
articles small, but not small enough to cause it to be placed in
the genus Rhynchium^ to which it bears, in fact, a resembla ce.

Mess. a. diff. — It is very near to the 0. Guerreri and Bidalgi

ODYNEUUS.

S6T

Mexican var. (Sco tlio description of these species.) lu coiora
it wholly reseiiiliies the AncislrureruH lubervuliceps.

It litts a greater rehition in form to the 0. arvennin, but it is a
little lurgor, aiul it ditlers from it by the border of tlie 2(1 scgiueiit,
which is not only depressed, but very subennuiicuiute ; and by
the elypeus % wliieli is entire, uot bidentutc, but rather rounded
on its anterior border.

Finally, it differs from the O. dorHnlis % by its wings, which
are not violet; by the border of the '2<l segment, which is not as
distinctly rellexcd us in th') O. dursaiis, and by the summit of
the njetuthora.v, which does not offer post-scutelhir creuulato
eminences. The palpi arc also a little- more slender.

IJab. The hot parts of Me.vico. I have taken 4 ^ of this
species in the valley of Mextitlan, and the var. in Cordova.

90. O. bidens Sauss. (Fig. 14, 14rt.)— Valitins, niger, nitidiis ; meta-
iioto i>()istice late excavato, acute marginato, bidentato ; elypeo f ^
apice truncato, haud bidentato ; abdomine conioo, sparse piiiictato,
niaiginesegmentoiuin 2'-5' deiisius punctato; pionotiet inetanoti inacu-
liii 2, post-soutello abdomiuisiiue priiuo segiuento supene, albidis ; alia
fusco-cyaneis.

^ . Clypoo albido, pnncto maiidibiilariira, Bcapi et fron'.is, maoulisqne 2
traiisTei'sia in sucuudi abdouiiiiid tseguieuti basi, albidis ; pedibus albido-
variis.
Oihjn. Helens Sadss. Rev. de Zool. XXII, 1870, 58, 12.

Total length, 20 mm. ; wing, 17 mm.

9. A largo species. Clypeus covered with separated points;
its extremity abruptly truncate, not bidentate, and without
dei)ression. Head large, swelled at the vertex, shining, and
covered with separated punctures. Thorax long, square, shin-
ing, finely punctured; prothorax hardly reflexed, not angulute,
slightly retracted before; niesothorax marked with four grooves;
post-scutel bent, transverse, joining in the truncation of the nieta-
thorax, but notcrenulato. Metathorax presenting a great striate
concavity, which occupies the whole width, bounded by very
sharp ridges, which are separated from the post-scutel by a groove,
and form on each side a dentiform lateral angle. Abdomen quite
conical, the first segment wide, truncate before; the 2d quite long;
its border carrying a wide, not very strong band of punctures ;
this band not channelled, but flat, as if planed ; following seg-
ments punctured, with a similar baud.

2G8

IIYMENOl'TEUA OF AMKIUCA.

[I'AUT L

Insect of a sliitiini^ black, clothed with a Hue grayinh pile ; a
spot behind each eye, two greut spots on the prothorux, two on
the nu'tuthoi'ux, post-scutel, and the superior luce of the first
abdominal Hegnient, of u wliitiHh yellow (the band of the fust seg-
ment often notched with l)lack); wings of u deep violet-brown.

%. Thorax more strongly cribroso. Clypeus white, wider than
long, i)olygo!nil ; its inferior border str Jght truncate, not biden-
tate, fniely bordered with black, a spot on each mandible, a mark
on the front, another on the scape of each antenna, a dot under
the wing, whitish. Antennto terminated by a brown book, a little
rolled at the end. Second abdominal segment adorned on eiich
side near its base with a transverse whitish spot. Haunches,
tibite, and knees spotted with white. First abdominal segment
wholly white above.

Eess. a. ilij)'. — This Odynerus astonishingly resembles the
Monohia quadfidf.iis, and it is rare to find two as distinct species
which offer so close a likeness. The O. bidcns differs from the
3lonobin quadrulrns, l)y its maxillary palpi composed of six
articles,' and its lal)ial palpi of four distinct articles; the fourth
being articulate ; by its clypeus, which is nbruptlij truncate in
both sexes, and neither a little notched nor bidentato, and which
is not excavated at the extremity with the female ; by the pos-t-
scutel, more truncate, not bimammelonato, and by the very dis-
tinctly punctured flat band of the 2d segment; by the white spots
of the metathorax (a character probably of little stability).

The 0. i'Sectus has a livery similar to the 0. bidens, but it
possesses neither the metathoracic teeth, nor the sharp lateral
ridges.

Ilab. The southern United States. 1 9 from Florida (E.
Norton); a % from Tennessee (E. Falconet, Freudenreich).

Observation. — As this description is based solely on one indi-
vidual of each sex, it may not apply to all specimens brought from
localities distant from each other. It is probable that the male
does not always offer the very singular lateral spots of the 2d
segment.

6. Metathorax more flattened; the superior edges roughened, not acute,

91. O. AlTaradi Sauss. — Niger, velntinns, confertim pnnctatus ;
abdomii a conico, aureo-seiiceo, marginibus crassH punctatis ; luetanoti

• The maxillary palpi have here the ordinary form which tliey asHiime
among the Odyneri ; the articles 2, 3 are not slender ; the 6th is lengthened.

0DYNEIIU8.

2(i9

but it
lateral

niar:;ini))nfl helmtntis «t suprn tenuiter prominnlis, a poAt-ncutello p«r
(•niiui'Kinationein HttjinictiM ; uapitiH maculiH, linu.i in t^uapo, proiioti mar-
ginu poKtico, po8t-8cutello, teguli», macula pnualari tit punt-to utriii«iue
nictihiioti HUtniui, iuargine<iuu regulari Heguieuturuiu oimiium abiloiuiiiis,
fulvKOohraueia; tibiio et tarnis fHrrugiueis ; alirt ferrugiiiiM- ; ^ ulypuo
liU« pirifortui, nigro vel supurue fanuia fulva; ^ lato truuuati>, bideututo,
fiilvo-tlavtisutiuto.

Oilyn. Alvarado Sadsh. Rer. de Zool. IX, 1857, 276.

9. Total lungtii, 14 luin. ; wing, 11 mm.
%. Total lungtb, 11 miu. ; wing, 8.0 luiu.

Size moderate. Clypcus 9 witlo, tcriuiiiated by a little triincato
or bitubcrculute point; cribruse with strong punctures. Ilt-ad
and thorax rugosely punctured, roHt-scutel very hhort, truncate,
crenulate. Aletathorax very rugo.so above ; the .«triiu specially
distinct in the inferior moiety, the superior moiety being lucire
smooth and punctured ; the inferior moiety forming a fossette,
separate and slightly margined superiorly. Lateral border of
the concavity rounded, not at all trenchant, the latero-superior
parts coarsely punctured, rugose ; nevertheless one sees on ouch
side a little spiniforni angle directed laterally and on tliu summit
a trace of an arcuate ridge, placed a little within, especially among
the males ; superior angles % forming two salients, rugose and
blunted, separated from the post-scutel by a notch. Abdomen
conical, like satin, with golden reflections, having the border of
all the segments, save the first, quite strongly punctured; but tho
punctured band of the second quite wide and slightly in»[)ressed.

Insect black, clothed with tawny hair. Two spots on the
summit of the clypcus, another behind each eye, a dot on the
front, and a line under the scape of the antenna;, tawny. The
summit of the elypeus is often entirely of this color, as well as
the inner border of the orbits. Posterior margin of tiie prothornx,
wing scales, a dot before the wing, post-scutel, and a dot on oarh
side, on the summit of the metathorax, ferruginous or tawny.
All the segments of the abdomen regularly bordered with yellow-
tawny ; the first more narrowly than the second. Legs black ;
tibise and tarsi ferruginous. Wings washed with ferruginous, a
little grayish at the end.

%. Clypeus as long as wide; its inferior margin widely trun-
cate and armed with two little teeth separated by a wide straight
border, in the middle of which is often a third indistinct salient.

1

i

2T0

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

Clypeus, a line on the mandibles, lind the line on the scape of
the antennae, of a pale tawny.

Var. No spots on the front nor on the metathorax.

Bess. a. dijf. — This Odynerus is easily recognized by its livery
and its velvoty aspect.

It differs from the 0. Ouerreri by its conical abdomen and by
the superior salients of the metathorax ; from the O.foraminatvs,
by its metathoracic concavity, not nearly so well limited, and by
the salients of the superior angles, which are not sharp, but rugose,
obtuse, and separated from the post-scutel, not by a little fissure,
but by a wide notch. By its livery it recalls the 0. otomitus,
which is near to it, but differs in its conical, sessile abdomen,
having the first segment wide and truncate, in its great size, etc.

Ilab. The hot and temperate parts of Mexico. (I caught 4 % ,
2 9 in the valley of Mexlitlan.)

C. Hinder plate of metathorax no longer margined superiorly
by sharp edges; the superior edges blunted and effaced by
the rugosities of the latero-superior faces, which continue
over the edges down on to the posterior face, and lose thenx'
selves in its concavity, instead of being separated from the
hinder face by the sharp edges. (Lateral angles still
existing.)

92. O. arvenais SAnss. (Fig. 16, 16a.)— Medius, niger, grosse punc-
tati';:; O. dorsali simillimus at minor; ore, macula frontali et post-
oculari scapoque subtus, rufls vel flavis ; proiioti margine, post-sciitello,
maculis 2 metanoti abdomiiiisqhe segmentis 10-3° vel 10-40 flavo-
limbatis, 20-40 crassissime punctatia ; primi margine utrinque auotoet
riifo-vario, pedibua flavis, basi nigris, alis fumosis.

9 . Clypeo valde latiore quam longiore, truncato, grosse punctato, nigro
vel rufo ; superne fascia flava.

% . Clypeo polygonal! paulo latiore quam longiore, flavo, truncato, apioe
dentulis 2 distantibns instructo.

Odyn. arvensis Saoss. Rev. de Zool. XXI, 1869.

9. Total length, 14, 12 mm. ; wing, 11, 5-9 mm.
% . Total length, 12, 5-9 mm. ; wing, 9-7 mm.

9. Form rather near to that of 0. Bnscii, ^ut smaller. The
abdomen a little more conical ; the 2d segment shorter and
more coarsely punctured; its inferior border a little lamellate

I i^l^V^^

P

0DYNEUU8.

271

and truncate, but often appearing slightly bidentate. Thorax
widened before, retracted little or none. Post-scutel crcnulute,
Metathorax very coarsely rugose; its concavity striate, but
cribrose in its superior moiety from the punctures which continue
with those of the superior face ; the latero-superior ridges blunted,
effaced; on each side a dentiform angle at the meeting of the
lateral and inferior ridges. First abdominal segment silky,
smooth, truncate, and a little rounded at the base ; the 2d short,
densely punctured; its posterior border offering a wide depressed
zone, widened in the middle, very coarsely cribro.;e, as well as
the following segments ; at times n little channelled, but the
border not turned up.

Insect black. Mouth red, with a yellow spot at the base of
the mandibles; superior moiety of the clypeus yellow or red;
inner border of orbits and a spot behind each eye, red or yellow;
scape of the antennas red, with a black line above; a spot on the
front, yellow or red. Anterior border of prothorax yellow, often
followed with red; tegulae yellow or red, post-scutel and a spot
on each side of metathorax above, yellow ; segments 1-4 of the
abdomen regularly bordered with yellow ; the first having its
border on each side widened or confounded with a spot or oblique
band, yellow surrounded with red, which leave above a black
trilobed or square notch ; often of red on each side or bordered
with yellow. Legs yellow, black at the base. Wings smoky or
ft little reddened with a light violet reflection.

Var. a. Clypeus red, with a yellow band on the summit.

b. No red on 1st abdominal segment.

c. Two yellow or red dots on the scutellum (Tennessee).

d. Prothorax red, bordered with yellow (Missouri).

The crest of the post-scutel varies ; sometimes finely crenulate
and continuous, sometimes dentate and notched in the middle.

%. A little smaller. Clypeus polygonal, yellow, wider than
long, truncate on its anterior border, offering a very small tooth
on each extremity of this border; its apical margin a little pro-
longed, so that the polygon is not regular, the inferior borders
forming thus a larger arc than the superior; hook of the antennae
black or ferruginous; mandibles and ornaments of the head yel-
low or orange ; a red dot on the flanks before the teguhe ; often
the posterior border of the prothorax red and a little of red about
the scutels; latero-superior borders of the concavity of the

IIYMENOPTERV OF AMERICA.

[part I.

motathorax very rugose, coarsely cribrose. Fifth segment often
bordered with yellow. With the male especially, the fossette of
the nietathorax does not reach the lateral borders, but is sepa-
rated from them on each side by a band hunched and cribrose with
great i)it8 ; the superior ridges are often quite well defined.

In this species the yellow is clear ; often almost orange.
The red, the black, and the yellow are susceptible of changing
places in the varieties.

liess. a. diff. — This species greatly recalls the 0. dorsalis and
differs from it by its clypeus 9 much wider than long and more
grossly punctured ; by the clypeus % wider than long, not pro-
longed at its anterior extremity, and finely bidentate ; by its
smaller size ; by its less obscure wings ; by its metathprax less
widely concave, becoming rounded and convex on the sides of
the posterior plate, while, as with the 0. dorsalis, the concavity
occupies the whole width ; the % differs by the absence of pyra-
midal post-scutellar eminences formed by the superior termination
of the ridges of the nietathorax, and which exist in the dorsalis
%. It has greater relationship to the 0. Boscii and Hidalgi. It
differs from this last by its blunted metathoracic borders, without
salient ridges ; by the border of segments 2d, 3d, which is im-
pressed, rugose, but not turned up; from the first by the scutellum
without spots ; by the shorter 2d segment ; the 3d and 4th more
coarsely punctured ; the 4th and 5th without any yellow border.

Hab. The United States, particularly the south. I possess
some individuals from Tennessee, some also from Kansas, from
Illinois (Keunicott), and from New York (E. Norton), '79,10^.

93. 0« annectens Sacss. — Validus, niger, fulvo-pilosus, clypeo piri-
formi flavo 4 maculate, apice eniaiginato ; oibitis partim, pronoti margine
antico, tegulis, punctis 2 scutelli, 2 metanoti, tibiis et tarsis, flavis ;
abdominis segmentis, lOsiipenie flavo, nigro-emarginato, 2', 3' margine,
crassissime punctato, anguste flavo-limbato ; alls nigro-violac«iis. 9 •

Odyn. annectens Sacss. Rev. de Zool. XXII, 1870, 59, 14, 9 .

Total leugth, 17 mm. ; wing, 15 mm.

The following description applies to an insect which seems to
indicate a species different from 0. dorsalis, but is certainly very
embarrassing by its similarity.

9 . Size and form of 0. dorsalis ; the same sculpture, but not
quite so rough. Clypeus pyriform, more prolonged than in 0.

0DYNERU8.

273

dorsalis; its apical margin emarginate, concave. Metathorax
perliaps a little more depressed, without any superior ridges ; its
lateral angles very pronounced', compressed horizontally. First
abdominal segment shorter than in 0. dorsalis; the second rather
velutinous, scarcely punctate, its margin more coarsely punctate
(the punctures being rather boles), but not so- evidently canali-
culate as in 0. dorsaLs.

Insect black, with fulvous, velvety hair. Apey of mandibles
and base of scape beneath, ferruginous. A spot on base of the
mandibles, an ovate mark on both sides of the clypeus, and two
others near the apex, inner orbits of tl^e oyes and a linj behind
them, two triangular maculae, forming the anterior border of
prothorax, tegulae except their base, two spots on scutellum and
two on mesothorax, yellow; 1st abdominal segment yellow above
with a trilobate black emargination; a narrow border of segments
2d, 3d of the same, yellow. Knees, tibiae, and tarsi, yellow.
Wings dark fusco-violaccous. The mandibles and palpi are
formed as in 0. dorsalis.

Hah. United States (Florida, 1 9, E. Norton).

rom

ivis ;
ine,

to
rery

not
0.

94. O. aniiulatlis Say. — 0. arvensi afflnis, 9 gracilior, % capite
majore, valde puuctatus, secuudo abdominis segniento dense punctato,
margine impresso, ciasse punctato. Niger vel ferrugineus, mesonoto et
abdominis segmentis 3-6 nigris ; tegulis, pedibusque rufis ; prouoti ot
abdominis segmentorum margine, post-scutello metanoti marginilius,
subfureis; primo abd. segmenlo utrinque rufo et flavo ornato ; alls
nebulosis. — 9* Scapo, clypeo, frontis maculis. rufis. — VarUu clypei
fascia nigra, macula subalari maculisque 2 seoundi segmenti, rufis vei
flavis. — ~'% . Cliypeo polygonal i ; fronte, scutellis, macula subalari flavis.

Odyn. annulatus Sat, Long's Sec. Exp. Append. 29 (II, 348). — Say's
Ent. (Le Conte), I, 235. — Sacss. Et. Vesp. I, 232. — Cresson, Amer.
Ent. Trans. I, 1867, 380, 21.

Rhynchiwn annulatum Say, Bost. Journ. 1, 1837, 351, 4. — Say's Ent. (Le
Conte), II, 765, 3.— Saoss. Et. Vesp. Ill, 184.

Odyn. Bairdi Sauss. Revue Zool. X, 1858, % .

5. Total length, 15 mm. ; wing, 12 mm.
% . Total lenglh, 10 mm. ; wiug, 8 mm.

9. Rather slender, densely and coarsely punctate. Clypeus
broadly pyriform, strigate punctate, terminating in two approxi-
mate little teeth, separated by a small lamellar edge. Thorax
subelongate. Post-scutel truncate, very tenuously crenulate.
18

/

/ an, 'V«H

A/

e^J

274

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

Metathorax vertically truiioatc ; concp.ve, but its margins not
ridged, the edges being quite blunted by the dense punctuation.
Abdomen subconical, rather slender. The first segment smooth
and silky ; the second very short, densely punctate everywhere,
but its posterior margin having a broad excavated band of very
coarse punctures ; segments 3-4 very coarsely punctured.

Black; mandibles, clypeus, scape of the antenntB, a frontal
mark, and a large spot behind the eyes, rufous. Clypeus often
with a transverse black line or with three black spots in a trans-
verse line. Anterior margin of prothorax broadly, the posterior
narrowly rufous, or partly sulphur-yellow ; tegulse yellow and
rufous, often a yellow spot under the wing; post-scutel yellow ;
lateral margins of metathorax rufous or yellow. Abdomen having
its first four segments margined with yellow ; this color often pre-
ceded by a little of rufous. First segment black in middle ; its
sides rufous, with a yellow spot fused with the yellow band.
Second segment often adorned with two separate rufous spots.
Legs ferruginous ; coxae blackish. "Wings grayish ferruginous,
a little clouded or sometimes even with violet iridescence.

Rufous Variely. — Head rufous, except the vertex. Prothorax
and feet rufous. Scutels yellow, or rufous, tinged with yellow;
raesothorax black, with a rufous spot; metathorax rufous, marked
with yellow. First and second abdominal segments rufour.,
mai'gined with yellow; the second with two yellow niaculaj; 3-5
segments rufous, margined with yellow; 6th rufous. Wings
clouded (Kansas, New Mexico).

VariouH Varieties. — This is quite a variable species, the three
colors interchanging, which gives numerous combinations. The
scape is more or less obscure above. The spots on the clypeus,
und^r the wing, on the second segment, are often wanting, etc.
The yellow ornaments are of a pale sulphur-yellow.

I consider, as the male of this species, specimens from Texas
and Louisiana, which last constitutes a still more rufous variety.

%. H^ad large, wider than high, rufous, with black vertex.
Clypeus broader than high, regularly octagonal ; its anterior
margin straight, having two insensible, distant teeth at its
extremity. Mandibles, clypeus, a triangle on the forehead and
sinus of the eyes, a line on the scape, bright yellow; hook of

ODYNER'JS,

275

the antcMinoe and (liigrellum beneath rather ferruginous ; niaeuhe
behind the eyes, orangt^ Tliorax sl\orter, more ciibieal. Pro-
thorax rufous margined with yellow anteriorly. Post-seutel and
angles of nietathorax yellow. First abdominal segment rufous
above, surrounded with yellow; the mandible often blaek. Second
segment having its margimd impressed ban ^h impressed and
broad ; segments 1-5 uuirgined with yellow. Coxte and feet
adorned with yellow (Louisiana),

Texan Varieiij. — Prothorax, scutels, metathorax, feet, segments
1, 2 of the abdomen, rufous. Disk of mesothorax rufous on each
side. Border of prothorax, a dot under the wing, two spots on
the tegula), seutel, post-scutol, edges of segments l-fi, bright
yellow ; tlic first segment having on each side a yellow spot
smelted with the marginal fascia (Texas).

Mexican Vayneh/?. — Smaller. Length, 13 mm. ; wing, 10.5 mm.

9. Black; mandibles, scape of the antennte, forehead a.id tlie
parts behind the eyes, prothorax, a lateral spot, tegula?, two
macula; on disk of mesothorax, seutel, feet, and coxaj, rufous.
Post-seutel yellow. Angles of metathorax rufous and yellow ;
abdomen rufous ; fir.st and second segment with a black portion
in the middle and at base; all the segments margined with
yellow , the fir.st band fused on each side with a lateral square
yellow spot, and the 2d segment liaving on each side a yellow
spot, either free or confounded with the margin. Anus yellow.
Wings washed with fuscous, with a golden, rather violet reflec-
tion; the radius ferruginous. The metathorax, although forniing
two lateral angles, is not toothed; the superior part of its poste-
rior face is not margined on each side by an oblique ridge.

Var. Of course the ferruginous varies into yellow and vice
versa, and the black is more or less developed.

lietis. a. diff. — This species resembles 0. arvensis, but it is
more slender 9; the male has also a more transverse, very regular
polygonal clypeus, while in ortr/Lsu* it is more prolonged at its
extremity; in the female, the clypeus is on the contrary narrower
than in arvcnsis. The post-seutel is not as strongly but quite
delicately crenulate. The metathorax is not so sharp, and it has
altogether another appearance. It approaches quite closely to
pratensiH, has the same look, but differs: by its 2d abd. segment
not smooth, but densely and strongly punctured throughout; by

mm

276

HYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

I

i

its rather bidentate metathorax ; by its clypcus 9 flattened, not
so convex, % sliorter, not more prolonged below than above.

In the Mejcican variety, the form is much as iu 0. Cordovas,
but it is larger; the elypeus 9 a little produced at its apical end;
head and thorax very coarsely shagreened ; the second segment
of the abdomen shorter, its margin having its coarsely punctured
band impressed and widened in the middle. — This var. dill'ers
from 0. formoaus by its larger size, its clypeus more prolongeu
at tip, metathorax not bidentate, and darker wings; from ().
Hidalgi and llurhidi by its smaller size and metathorax not
acutely margined superiorly.

Hah. The prairies from Missouri lo Texas and New Mexico.
Mexican Cordilleru (the "ariety) 5 ?, 2 ^.

95> O* crypticus Say. — Rufus ; abdomine flavo-trifasciato ; alis in-
fuse ati a.

Odyn. cri/pticus Say, West. Quarterly Reporter, II, 1, 1823, 80. — Say's

Entoin. (Lb Conte), I, 168.
Rhjgchium crypticum Say, Bost. Jonrn. I, 1837, 384, 3. — Say's Entom.

(Lb Cokte), 705, 3 — Sacss. Et. Vespid. Ill, 184.

Total length, 5 lines.

Body rufous, much punctured; vertex and origin of the
antennae, black ; antenna? dusky at tip ; thorax with a black spot
before the middle ; scutel bilobate, with a longitudinal, deeply
impressed line ; metathorax concave ; wings dusk}', paler at tip;
tergum with three yellow bands, the anterior one bmdlest and
subconcealed.

Hab. Arkansas.

This is most likely a pale variety of 0. annulatus.

96. O. sillfureus Sauss. (Fig. 18, ISa.)— ? 0. arvensi simillimns, at
nietanato minus excavato ; niger, sulfureo-multipictus ; ore, clypeo et
facie sulfureis ; oculis flavo-, snpra rufo-marginatia ; antennis fuscis,
scape rnto; pronoto flavo, angulis posticis rufis ; scutello flavo-bimacn-
lato; post-scutello, tegulis maculis plenrarnm et metanoti angulis,
sulfureis, abdomine sulfureo, segmentis 1°, 20 basi et in medio nigro-
signatis ; pedibus ferrugineo et sulfureo pictis ; alis ferrugineo-griseis. J .

Odyn. sul/ureus Sadss. Revue de Zool. X, 1858, 170, J.
Total length, 12 ram. ; wing, 9 mm.

ODYNEIIUS.

277

Thorax much shagrcencd ; post-scutcl finely crenulate. Motu-
thorax forming two lateral a.igles, its excavation only occupying
the nnddle, rounded, strigose ; the rest shagreened, strongly
punctured, rounded, without sharp edges. Abdomen conical,
scarcely contracted at base, truncate anteriorly, but without a
sharp ridge, rounded at base. Second segment densely punc-
tured; its margin having a wide impressed band, cribrose with
coarse punctures ; the following segments similarly cribrose.

Black: mandibles, clypeus, forehead, and orbits, sulphur-yel-
low; the upper part of orbits black or brown-rufous ; frontal sulci
black. AntennsB l)lackish; the first segment yellowish or rufous
ob.scure above. Prono'-um widely marginate with yellow ; its
posterior angles rufous or black; a spot and various marks under
the wing, tegulae, two spots on the scutel and sides of metathorax,
yellow. Abdomen almost wholly sulphur-yellow ; the base of
first Rogment black or brown on its anterior face, with a black
pyriform notch on the superior face ; the 2d having at its base a
black M)acula, constricted in the middle ; the following segments
twice notched with black or brown. The coarse punctures of the
margins having their ground-color brown. Anus ferruginous or
yellow. Feet yellow and ferruginous. Wings tinged with ferru-
ginous, cloudy at the apex. — 9. Clypeus broad, pyriform, wider
than long, its apex a little produced, truncate, biangulate.

Var. The black part of the body brown or rufous.

Probable Variety. — The yellow ornaments not so much ox-
tended; segments 1, 2 black, with a wide sulphur margin, widened
on the sides ; the 2d with two lateral triangular maculae, as in
0. blandus.

Renn. a. diff. — It has quite the form of 0. arvensis ; the meta-
thorax is a little more flattened, principally on the sides of the
excavation, which is a little narrower. It differs from 0. cingu-
latus in its livery ; these species are much the same in their forms.
— It differs from 0. prafevsis by its biangulate metathorax. la
the livery it resembles 0. blandus, but is very distinct by its nut
angulate metathorax, its not crenulate post-scutel, its smaller and
strongly punctured first abdominal segment, its narrower clypeus
and its small size.

Hab. California (9 Berton).

278

IIYMENOPTEKA OF AMKKICA.

[I'AllT I.

BY^ O* foi'lliu^tis i;Al;^ii<. — 0, Curdovw conforiuia, at mutatlioiaut) <li.s-
tinutti biileiitutu ; ubduiuiuu iiiagi.i couiuo ; uigur, niuudibulid, ulypeo,
scapo, capitis uinuulirt, fulvis ; pronnto, tegiilis, macula Buhalnri, mnculis
2 scutulli, post-so II tello, nietanoti aiiitiiliH, alxiotiiinis sfginentornm
iiiai'giiiibuH (pritiii l:inbo utriii<ino cum fascia o)i)iqiia conjunuta), pedi-
busque, flaviy v«l a'lrantio-variis; alia subfenugineis aniue grisuis.

Odyn. fortaosus Sauss. Rev. de Zool. XXII, 1870, 5!), 15, J.

Total length, 10 rim. ; wing, 8 mm.

9. Size and form nearly as in 0. Cordovse, but tlio metatliorax
has its angles on each side produced into a distinct tootli ; the
cavity not at all limited, not nnirfrined fiuperiorly on each side
by a little ol»li(jiie ridge; the abdomen quite conical, the first
segment as broad as the second, and mort; sharply truncate at
))aso ; the punctured marginal band of the 2d segment decidedly
impressed, a little widened in the middle.

Black ; mandibles and feet rufous or ovangc. ri3'pen.s, frontalj
ocular and post-ocular niaculaj, yellow or rufous. Antennaj
lihick ; scape yellow, a little obscure above. Prothora.x, a .spot
under the wing, tcgula;, two spo<^j on the scntel, post-scutel,
angles of metathorax, and margin of all the abdominal segments,
yellow or rather orange ; the fasciitJ wide ; that of the first seg-
ment fusing into two oblique lateral bands, which make nearly
an anterior interrupted fascia, sometimes rufous. Anus rufous
or yellow. AVings rather ferruginous ; the apex clouded.

Var. A, black spot on the posterior angles of prothorax. — A
yellow fascia on scutel.

Hess. a. diff. — This does not seem to be a variety of 0. Gor-
dovee. It has the same lively as 0. Uoscii, turpis, molestus,
but a quite differently shaped metathorax; it is also smaller and
more slender, nearly one-half smaller than the first. It resembles
O. sulfuretis, but its livery is not so rich nor so pale ; the clypeus
is not so much produced, the size smaller. It is allied closely
also to 0. annulatus, although smaller and with a metathorax
not so much flattened behind. Comp. also 0. anniikdus (^Nlexi-
can variety).

JIab. The temperate parts of Mexico. Oriental Cordillera 4
9 (Sumichrast).

98. O. spectabilis SAn.ss. — Niger, gracilis ; capite, tliorace abdomi-
nisque segiiientorum 2'-5' margine dense punctatis ; metanoto rotun-
dato, utrinque valde augulato; abdomine subconico; clypeo, antennis

OI)YNEKU8.

279

basi, capitis maeulis, tlioiacis utaigiiie aiitico late, macula sub.ilari,
ti'gulis, Hcuteliirt, inetathonico utriuqiio, abdominis sek^mentoiuni mar-
ginibus, ano pedibusciue, lliivo-auniutiis, fasoiii 1' segmeiiti utiimiiiB
aucta 9.

Odi/n. spectabiUa Siuas. Revue ile Zool. XXII, 1870, 00, lli, 9.

Total luugth, 9 mm. ; wings, 7 mm.

Slondor, Head and thorax rather coarsely and densely sha-
grcened. Thora.v squaro. I'oat-seutel erenulate, ujetatliorax
rather flattened behind, fonnhig on eaeh side a stronj?, acuto
angle looking outward, which makes the po.sterior part of thorn x
square, the middle of the hinder face a little excavated, rather
rugose, but the cavity not margined ; the rest (juite rugosely
punctured, reticulate. Abdomen nearly conical, smooth, silky;
the 2d segment finely punctured, but its margin and those follow-
ing strongly punctured.

Black. Antenna) l)Iack-ferruginous, with the first tliree joints
ferruginous Mandibles rufous. Clypous, a frontal triangle, an
ocular and post-ocular large macula, ])rothorax anteriorly, spot
under the wing, legula), scutel, post-scutel, angles of mesothorax
and margin of all the abdominal segments, yellow, rather orange ;
the yellow margin of 1st segment fused with two large, lateral
angular yellow macuhc ; anus, feet, even the coxae, orange-yellow.
Wings washed with ferruginous; the radial cell cloudy.

9 . Clypeus wide, rather lozenge-shaped, with its apex truncate,
biangulate.

Var. The last abdominal segments rufous.

Ress. a. cliff. — Recalls the 0. hacuensia by it.s appearance, but
is very distinct by iis broad clypeus 9, its erenulate post-seutel,
angulate metathorax, and conical abdomen, etc. From 0. cnbensis
and allies it differs by its more slender form and metathorax with-
out acute superior edges. — From 0. formosus, by a larger size
and less slender form. If it was not as small again, it would
agree perfectly with uio description of 0. apicalis Cress. It
may be a small variety of this ?

Hab. Cuba (1 9, Dr. Gundlach).

99. O, apicalis Cresson. — Niger ; clypeo, mandibnlifl, fascia frontali,
aiitennis basi, pronoto, tegulis, macula subalari, soutellig, metathoraoe
utriuque ; pedibiis abdomiuisque segmeutorum 1-3 margine, ilavis ;

■^

280

UYMENOl'TKRA OF AMElllCA.

[PAUT I.

primo segtnento superne flavo, diaoo nigro i Btigmuutia 4-G ruQd ; alia
fuaco-hj'aliiiis.

Odyn. apicalia Cre88on, Phil:id. Eut. Proo. IV, 18(J5, 161.

9. Totul length, C lines ; expanse of wings, 10 lines.
% . Total length, 4.5 lines ; expanse of wings, 7.5 lines.

9. Opaquc-black. Head and thorax deeply aud closely punc-
tured, the i'ormer broader than tlio thorax, rather short ; a broad
transverse band on the front, filling up the sinus of the eyes and
deeply indicated above the insertion of each antenna ; the broad
posterior orbit and the clypcus, yellow, sometimes strongly tinged
with ferruginous, sometiujcs yellowish at the base; clypeuB
depressed, rhomboidal, the extreme tip truncate. Antennas
black, the two basal joints ferruginous. Thorax: prothorax yel-
low above, tipped with dull ferruginous just before the teguUc ;
pleura somewhat sericeous, with a large, rounded yellow spot
beneath the tegulffi; scutellum with two largo, quadrate, yellowish
marks, rcarly confluent ; post-scutellum yellowish ; metathorax
finely and transversely striated, deeply excavated on the disk,
with a large yellowish mark on each side, covering the lateral
angles, which are rather prominent and obtuse ; tegulaj yellowish,
with a ferruginous dot on the middle. Abdomen ovate, basal
segment nearly equal in width to the second ; remaining segments
gradually tapering to the tip, and more deeply and densely punc-
tured than the basal segments; first segments rounded at base
without suture or carina, the apical margin confluent, with a
large angular mark on each lateral margin, yellowish; apical
margin of the second and third segments (broader on the second
segment), yellow; that on the third somewhat tinged with ferru-
ginous; remaining segments, above and beneath, dull ferruginous;
beneath, the apical margins of the second and third segments are
narrowly yellowish, more or less sinuate on each side anteriorly.

Z. Smaller, the markings of the face tinged with ferruginous;
the basal joint of the antennoe yellow within, with a black line
above, the apic>al joint ferruginous and hooked ; the yellow of
the prothorax not continued all the way to the tegula;, being
interrupted with black ; fourth segment of abdomen black, with
the apical margin above and beneath, "narrowly yellowish ;
remaining segments obscure yellowish-ferruginous, more or less
dusky at base ; beneath, the second segment with a yellow spot

ODYNEHUS.

281

on each side of tho uiiddle. Legs yellowish ; the femora except
tips beneuth, the tibiui beneath, and most uf the tui'Hi, pale ferru-
ginous. Wings subhyaline, faintly tinged with fuscous ; honey-
yellow along the costu, with the marginal cell almost entirely
fuscous.

J{e>i8. a. diff. — Allied to 0. cubemis, by its livery, but llu; faco
is much broader, and tho ba.sul segment of the abdomen is
difl'erently marked, rounded anteriorly, not truncate, with a sharp
edge. It ditfers also by its hooked antennie, in the male.

1 do not know this Odijnerux, which seems most closely allied
to 0. spectabilis, but much larger. Compare this species.

Uab. Cuba (AIus. of the Am. Eut. 8oc., Philadelphia).

2. Posterior 'plate of mclathorax orbicular or more or less
rounded, not forming on each side a distinct dentiform
anrjle} (Thorax rather attenuate posteriorly, abdomen
conical or ovate-conical.)

A. Posterior j)late of mctaihorax still margined with a sharp
edge, salient in its superior part, and forming on each side
of the summit a tooth or elevation, separated from the post-
scutel by a fissure (sometimes very small).

a. The concavity deep, excavated, tvith salient ridges. Abdomen conicid; il$

base sharply truncate.

lOO. O* tlirpis Sauss. — Niger, tlioraoe crassissime pnnotato ; clypeo
lato, piriformi ; nietanoto attenuate, extus rugosissimo, postice in fove-
olam ovalem valde exoavato, Isevi, hand biangulato, ned cantliis aicmUis
acutis marginato, uonnuuquam supra paene dentem post-scutellarem
efficientibud ; abd. 2' segmenti m.irgino panotato sed liaud iinpresso ;
clypeo Buinmo maculis 2 vel fascia, orbitarum raarginibns partim,
macula frontali, scapo subtus, pronoti et abd. Hegmentornm l'-4' margins,
niacMila subalari, tegulis, scntelli et metanoti maculis 2, post-scutello
pedibusque, aurantiacis ; alis ferrugineo-fusco uebulosis,

Odyn. tufpis Sauss. Revue, Zool. XXII, 1870, 60, 17, 9.

Total length, 13 mm. ; wing, 11 mm.

' Sometimes there is still an indication of two angles or evep a small
tooth (0. foramiiialus, 0. leucomelas), in the species in which the poste-
rior plate of metathorax is more or less angulate.

282

IIVMKNOI'TKHA OV AMKKICA.

[I'AIIT I.

9. Insect very coarsely punctured, recalling the 0. lioHvii, but
niorc! coarsely crll)r(».se and more retracted on the luetatliorax.
Clypeus pyriloriii, wide, punctured, ratlier wider tliau lung.
I'ost-seiitel feel)ly creiiuliiti^ Concavity of the uictathorax occu-
l)ying all its width, rounded, notaljly wider than high, excavated,
IJnely striate and ainuulh an Jar an (he borders; these aro
exlremvAij trenchant, hut not IbrniiMg Hpinilorni lateral angles;
tho83 ridges above all very Halient on the Huinniit, where they
often terininato in a dentilbriu or hunellar .salient, separated from
the jiost-scutel by a strong notch. Tiio external lateral surfaet^s
of the nielalhorax very rng(jse. Abdomen conical truncate, at
the Ijase having a shiu'i) ridg(^; the border of the second and fol-
lowing .segment.s (piilo strongly punctured; but that of the 2d
not sensibly depressed.

Insect black, clothed with tawny hair. Mandibles and at times
the end of clypeus, red. Two spots or an arc at the summit of
clypens, a spot on the front, another behind each eye, and the
inner Imrtlering of the orbits, as well as a lino on the scape of the
antennie, yellow. Border of the prothorax, a spot under the
wing, tegulie, two spots on the scutel, two others on the summit
of the nietathorax and post-scutel, yellow; segments 1-4 of the
abdomen bordered with the same color; the first border widened
on the sides ; legs yellow, the base black. Wings transparent,
washed with brown-forruginous. The yellow of the ornaments is
almo.st orange; it often passes, without doubt, into red.

Var. One specimen has its ridges blunted at the beginning or
where the lateral angles would be, if they existed, but their
summit always forms a trenchant prominence.

%. Unknown.

Ress. a. diff. — This species is allied to the 0. lioscii, arvensis,
Ilidnhji, by the distribution of the colors. It has like the 0.
Jioscii the scntcl spotted with yellow, and like the other species
the post-scutel yellow. But it is distinguished clearly from these
species: 1st, by its retracted nietathorax, not laterally bidentate,
in con-sequence of the rounded posterior plate (not squarely cut),
of which, however, the ridges arc very sharp and quite arcuate
(and not more or less straight or oblique as in the species cited) ;
2d, by the border of the 2d segment, which, although punctured,
is not depressed, and less reflexed.

ODYN Kill's.

2M3

From otiicr allied spocics with siinilnr livrry, or adorned wiih
rod, it ahvavH diH'crs liy its very hliarp ini'tutliorucic ridgus. (Sco
t'spccially the O. molnxlus,)

Tho ffvvnt miinhcr of these speoii's all haviiij; winiilar livery
renders their distinction very didieult, so that oiio needn to he
familiar with the details of the forms, ahove all with those of tho
nietathorax, which furnish certain very distinctive characters.

Ilab. Tho United Slates. 2 ? taken in Teuueseieo. Sent hy
K. Fr. Falcunnet.

101. O. ItlOKOCra Litri,. — Ni£C«r, vnldn pnnctatnfl; nietnnotl fovHola
rotiiiidata, Hliiatii, utriii(|iiH iiuMiiii, Hed ciiiitliis (dt-vutiii ui'iuisHiinis niai-
giimt.i; Ills supra in ilfntcs iiexiurrHMtiljUH, a |M).st-si'utHllo pcrflssuiain
Hfjunutis ; inaitiiia frontali et ))()Ht-oculari, proiioti et alxloiiiiniH Hfi^iiwa-
toruin 1', 2' margiiiH, piiuii iitiin(iue aiioto, macula Buhalarl et post-
Houti'llo, liituis ; alis fusco-cyaiH'is. — 9- ('l.vpwo pirifuriiii nii;ro, fascia
nrouata, vel maoulis 2 lutnis. — ^. Clypeo lato, albiUo, maryliie truu-
cato, atro; suapo fascia alhida.

Odijn. Mrgwra Lkpel. St. Farg. Ilymt n. II, (I3(;, 21 (1841).— Sadss. Et.
Vespid. I, 181, 74; pi. xvii, Ilg. II, J'; III, 232.

9 . Total Innntli, l.'j mm. ; wim;, 12 mm.
^ . Tutal length, 11 mm. ; wing, 9 mm.

9. Clypcus pyriforni, lonjrer than wide, crihroso with coar.ne
points, terminated hy a very small border, ut times smooth and
lamellate, and appearinj^ a little bideiitato. Thora.x retracted
on the metathurax. Head and thorax densely erihro.se. Post-
scutel truncate, ofl'ering a snhcreiinlate ridi,'e. JNletathorax
rugfoso, having its Ude.ral ridges blunted; its posterior i)Iate
concave, striate, and a little punctured on its borders; form
rounded, but wider than long; bordered with sharp ridges, but
not forming any lateral spiniform angles.

Tliese ridges a little erenulate; their summit separated from
the post-scutel by a narrow fissure. Al)domee densely punctured,
abruptly truncate: at its base a sharp ridge; the border of the 2d
and the following segments very coarsely cribrose, but the border
of the 2d without any depressed zone.

Insect black, clotlied with a grayish pile. A spot on tho

r/.

' The ornaments are too yellow on this figure iu a number of the
copies of this work.

/<

r<

/ /

284

UYMENOl'TEHA OF AMEUICA.

[PAUT I,

v

mandibles, an arc or two spots on the sunnuit of tlic clypcus, a
dot on tlie front and another behind each eye, the border (retraeted
in the middle) of pronotiini, a spot under the wing, post-scutel,
often a dot at the wing scale, and the border of the first two
seg:ments of the abdomen, of a whitish-yellow; the border of the
first segment widened on the sides ; often tri-emarginatc. Wings
of a brown-violet; tarsi brownish.

Var. a. Beneath the scape a ferruginous or whitish line; the
3d abdominal segment adorned with a whitish edging.

h. Clypeus and antennie wholly black,

('. Tibia; marked with white on their outer border (Illinois).

%, . Smaller. Clypeus polygonal, slightly prolonged at the end
and truncate, subbidentate, its color whitish, with the inferior
borders black; hook of the antenna; great; on the scape a white
line. Metathoracic ridges salient on the summit, terminated
behind the post-scutel by a more elevated pyramidal tooth.

Var. The ornaments passing into sulphur-yellow.

ijr.s'.s'. a. diff. — This Odynerus is easily recognized by its whitish
ornaments. In likeness it resembles: —

1. The 0. bidens and the Monohia A-dcns), from which it is
distinguished easilj' by its small size, by the absence of lateral
teeth on the metathorax, by the cribrose thorax, and the rugose
metathorax, etc.

2. The 0. i-srclus, from which it separates itself ly its livery
and its quite differently formed metathorax.

3. The 0. leucomelas, from which it differs by the livery of
its abdomen, by the whitish band of its 1st segment, widened on
the sides, by its abdomen truncate, with a sharp ridge at the base;
by its metathorax with elevated borders; by its violet wings.

4. The Aneiatrocerus aJbnphaleratus ; from which it dilTers by
its livery and by the absence of a suture on the first abdominal
segment.

In the distribution of colors it approaches the 0. foranwudus
and allies,

IJah. The United States. Carolina, Tennessee, Illinois (Ken«
nicott), Florida (Norton), 8 ?, 11 ^.

ODYNEHLS.

285

b. Posterior plate of metathorax less excavated; its marginal edges but slighihj
salient, although still sharp. Abdomen ovate-conical, slightly attenuated
at base,

103. O. foraminatlis Sauss.— Niger, confertim punctatus; metanoti
rugosi foveola rotundata, striata, utrinquo inerini, marginihns rotun-
datis, baud acutis, snperne tantum iu dentem verticalem excuirentibus,
a post-scutello per fisstiram SHJiinctnm ; macula froutali et post-oculari,
liiiea in scapo, prouoti et abdominis segmentorum marginibus, tegulis,
post-scatello, macula subalari, tibiis tar^isque, sulfureis ; alis diapbanis
fnscescentibus. — 9* Clypeo piriformi, biangalato, nigro, supra faacia
aruuata flava. — %. Clypeo polygonali, vix emarginato, flavo. ,f

'7

9- Total length, 13 mm. ; wing, 11 mm.
% . Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 10 'nm.

Odyn. foraminatus Sauss. Et. Vespid. I, 180, 73, 9' (1852) ; III, 232. Oy "^^n"^ ' ,

Odyn. rugosus Sauss. Ibid, I, 179, 72, % (1852).

/?..'

'J

9. Smaller than the O. Megsera. Clypciis pyriform, longer
than wide, strongly punctured, terminated by a little straight / CJ) <
border, the angles of which are formed like two little tt'cth. '/ ;'
Tiiorax having almost the same form as in tho (). Me<jnera, p, .
although a little narrower; tht bond and the thorax strongly
punctured. Post-scutel finely ctenulate. Metathorax rugose ;
its concavity striate, rounded, being scarcely bordered, but its
borders blunted by punctures which are 'Continued with those of
the superior face of the metathorax; one sees, however, the
superior ridges slightly slefined on each side; all on the summit
forming a ^ittle vertical and sharp tooth placed on eacli side
behind the post-scutel and separated from this last by a fissure.
Lateral faces of metathorax finely rugose,', becoming coarser
toward the posterior border. Abdomen densely punctured, not
being conical as in the preceding species, but rather ovalo-conic,
Avidening slightly as far as the extremity, or as far as the middle
of 2d segment; the first segment rounded, though truncate; a
little widened behind. The border of 2d and the following seg-
ments very coarsely punctured; that of the 2d a little depressed,
but not offering a clearly defined impressed zone ; the punctures
gradually atgmeuting in size ; the following segments cribrose
with great pits.

' Enatum. Line 7th from the bottom, in place of: ^cusson, read : post'
/cusson.

|M~

A-

286

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[I'AHT I.

Insect black, clothed with a brownish or grayish pile. A spot
on the sunnnit of the niandibies, an arcuate band or two spots on
the suraniit of clypeus, a spot on the front, another behind each
eye, a line on the scape of antenna3, a narrow line on the anterior
border of prothorax, tegula;, a spot under the wing, post-scutcl,
knees, tibiae, and tarsi, yellow. The first four or five segments
of the abdomen regularly bordered with yellow ; the border of
the first confounded on each side with a spot or an oblique lateral
line. "Wings transparent, smoky, with some violet reflections;
nervurcs brown. A red or brown dot on the wing scales. (The
wings arc at times slightly fcrrug'inous.) The last article of the
tarsi at times brown.

Va?'. a. Two yellow dots on the superior faces of metathorax,
placed on each side of the post-scutel (Tennessee).

b. Often two yellow dots on the scutel and the lateral spots
of the first segment lengthened, oblique (Illinois).

%. Smaller. Clypeus yellow, polygonal, as long as wide,
terminated by a slightly concave border, appearing bidentate if
looked at beneath. A yellow line on the mandil)les. Hook of
the antennae ferruginous beneath. Last article of tarsi often
black. The intermediate thighs often varied with yellow.

Var. Frontal and post-ocular spots almost nothing. Border-
ings of fhe abdomen very narrow. Wings hyaline. In the two
se.xes the superior teeth of the metathoracic ridges are often but
little developed, indistinct, or even wanting. One also remarks
variations in the punctuation of the border of the concavity of
the metathorax. The extremity of the clypeus is often hollowed
by a fossette which gives it the appearance of being notched and
bid«'ntate.

Hess. a. diff. — This species has the sarr '^ distribution of colors
as the 0. 31egeera, but its ornaments av oi :\ lively yellow and
not whitish. Besides, the abdomen is less ror 'al; the clypeus
9 has its angles more salient and the metathorax is not bounded
by distinct and trenchant ridges without. The two superior
teeth of the metathorax are as strong as they are well developed.
Tfie wings are less obscure. '

The 0. foraminatus somewhat recalls also the Ancistrocerus
campestris.

Finally, it resembles in so .striking a manner the 0. trilobus
Fabr., that one will be tempted to take it for an American variety

ODYNERUS.

287

of this species so common in Asia and Africa; but the clypcus
is always wider, the abdomen is less coarsely and more densely
punctured, the first abdominal segment does not offer the spot
trilobate with black peculiar to this species, and the border of
the 2d segment is more coarsely cribrose.

Ilab. The United States, from Tennessee as far as Canada.
Tennessee (E. Fr. Falconnet), Illinois (AValsh. Kennicott ), New
York (E. Norton), Pennsylvania (llathvon, Ilaldeman), Connec-
ticut (E. Norton), Wisconsin. 17 9, 20 S.

103. O. Eeucomelas Sahss. (Fig. 19, 10a.)— Niger, pnnctatus.cine-
reo-hirtus; thorace ir-stice attenuato ; abdoraine ovato-conico ; metaiioti
tbveola sat planata, striata, utrinque subaugulata, marginibus superis
tenuiter acutis, rectis, supra in dentem acutnm terminatis, a post-scu-
tello perfissuram sejniictHm; clypei f maculis 2 vel fascia, puucto froii-
tali et post-oculari, pronoti et abdominis segmentorum liinbo anguste,
post-scutello, tegnlis tibiisqueextns, albidis ; alis subliyalinis. — t . Cly-
peo bidenlato, ore, antennarum scapo subtus pedibusque partim, sul-
fiireis. Ji

Oili/n. leucomelas Sacss. Et. Vespid. Ill, 225,' 131 (1854). [^yC'ff/ 'l^ ^-^

J. Total length, 14 mm.; wing, 10 mm.
^. Total length, 9 mm. ; wing, 7.5 mm.

,/

r

l^J^

9. A little larger than the 0. foraminatus, but the abdomen
is a little more ovate-conic, the first segment a little narrower.
Clypeus pyriform or rounded, strongly punctured, terminated by
a very little biangulate border. The whole insect finely punc-
tui'ed; thorax slightly depressed, widened in the middle, retracted
behind ; post-scutel finely crenulate. Truncation of metathorax
occupying its whole width, but the posterior plate slightly
concave, quite flat, in form angulate-rounded, equally striate
throughout, forming on each side a rounded angle, at times slightly
salient in the form of a tooth. Latero-superior ridges straight,
fine and trenchant, although very little salient, each terminated
superiorly by a sharp tooth, directed upward, and separated from
the post-scutel by a narrow fissure. Abdomen quite ovate,
especially araong the males ; the 2d and following segments
quite strongly punctured on the border.

Insect black, clothed With a grayish pile. A spot on the

' In the description of this species, all that whi(;h treats of tlie thorax
is omitted. Another of the numberless negligences of the printer I

288

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part

t

summit of the mandibles, two on the summit of the clypeus, a
dot on the fron , another beliind each eye, a narrow border on
the prothorax, >.ii.g scales, a dot under the wing, post-scutel, a
quite regular narrow bordering of the segments of the abdomen,
and 2d and 3d tibise without, whitish. Tarsi and knees ferrugi-
nous. Antennaj wholly black. Wings transparent, or subsmoky;
a brown spot on the wing scale.

Var. a. Clypeus ornamented with a whitish arcuate band or
the summit. The bordering of the first segment mingled with a
white lateral dot.

h. The last segments without border.

c. No spots under the wing.

%. Clypeus bidcntatc, yellow; labrum, mandibles, the frontal
spot, a line on the scape of the antenna3, the hook of antenna?,
tibiae, tarsi, intermediate thighs beneath, and coxa) 2, 3, yellow.
No spots under the Aving.

Bess. a. diff. — This species resembles above all — 1st the 0.
foraminatiis, from which it is distinguished by its less concave
metathorax, the concavity less rugose, having the superior ridges
straight and pronounced, its antennae black, its ornaments white,
etc. — 2d, from the Ancistrocerus albophaleratus, which is almost
identical in form and livery, but from which it is clearly distin-
guished by the absence of the suture on the first abdominal seg-
ment, and which has the scutcl spotted with whitish, with the
post-scutel black. — 3d, from the 0. Megsera, which has the
posterior plate of the metathorax much more concave, and of a
rounded not angulate form, the wings black, and only two whitish
bands on the abdomen.

Hah. The northern United States. Connecticut (E. Norton),
Illinois (Kcnnicott), 3 9,1^. (1 9 from Fort Tejon. Latit.
35°, longit. 119°; altit. 4C00 feet.)

Obscrvalion. — This species, so very near by the form and livery
to the Ancistrocerus albophaleratus, approaches very much also
in the form of the metathorax to the Ancistrocerus group of the
species cited. One would say that these two species issue from
the same stock, of which the form of the 1st pbdominal segment
is bifurcate, while the livery has coutinued the same.

%^.:-:

<^u

y.>!'^-7f ntc^'C, tr'.x

d

tt^^-^<

0DYNERU8.

28i)

104« O. blandllS Sauss. — Niger, iiitidus, dense pnnctatua ; metathorace
iiieriiii, rotuiidato; ubdoiuiiie ovato-coiiico; aiUicti truucato, Bcssili;
corpore sulfureo-nmltipicto; abdoniiuia segnieiitis 1-5 sulfureoliiubatia,
lO et 20 insuper ulrinque fascia trigonali sulfmea (vel fascia aiitica
iiiterrupta) ; pedibus llavis ; alis subhyalinis. — 9. Clypeo et oibitis
partim tlavis.

Odi/n. blandus Sauss. Revue et Mag. de Zool. XXII,1870, 105, 27, J .

Total leugtb, 9 luiu. ; wing, 7 mm.

9. Clypeus pyriforni, flattened, rather strigoso, truncate at tip
and rather rounded. Head and thorax densely punctate ; po.st-
scutcl quite shortly truncate, quite linear, transverse, but rounded,
not crested; its hinder face rather oblique, punctured; this form
being the transition to the Stenodijncrus. Metathorax small,
short, and rounded, not angulate, shallowly punctured; its
excavation strigosc, not sharply nmrgiued, except superiorly,
where it forms a little ridge or tooth behind the post-scutel.
Abdomen ovate-conical; the (irst segment not quite as wide as
the second, scarcely truncate anteriorly, but without a sharp ridge,
sessile ; its superior face slightly depressed, as punctate as the
thorax ; 2d segment densely punctate, but not quite as strongly,
its hinder margin more strongly so, and densely punctured,
slightly and widely depressed; the following punctured.

Black, shining; a line on the mandibles, clypeus, inner orbits,
frontal spot, a line behind the eyes, the scape beneath, a wide,
but interrupted anterior margin of prothorax, a spot under the
wing, teguljE, a dot on mesothorax before the scute), post-scutel
above, and sides of metathorax, sulphur-yellow. All the segments
of the abdomen margined with sulphur-yellow. The first, in addi-
tion, with two oblique yellow bands or macula;, fused with the yel-
low bordering laterally ; the 2d adorned on each side with a large
triangular macula, forming a wide interrupted fascia beneath ;
this segment has similar yellow ornaments. Anus black. Feet
yellow ; coxa; black ; the 2d and 3d pair margined with yellow
and spotted at tip. Wings subhyaline, nerves brown.

Var. 9 . Clypeus with a central black spot.

Bess. a. diff. — In its rather stubbed form it recalls the form

of 0 Catskillensis, but its abdomen is still more sessile, more

truncate anteriorly, and more square. By its rich livery it recalls

O. sulfureus, but is very distinct from it by its nou-augulale

19

290

IIYMENOPTEIIA OF AMElllCA.

[I'AKT I.

metathorax, more slender form, etc. This is ratlier an interme-
diate t}i)o between Division Ocbjnerus and Stenoihjncrus, by the
quite linear form of its post-scutel, not flattened above and ridged
posteriorly ; and by its abdomen, although sessile and truncate
at base, having the 1st segment more punctured than the 2d at
base.

Ilah. California (E. Norton).

B. Posterior plots of metathorax no longer margined with sharp
ridges, but having its edges blunted by the rugosities or the
punctures (or not rugose); and the summit of the ridges no
longer forming 2)ost-scutellar teeth, although still separated
from the post-scutel by a groove.

a. Posterior plate of metathorax much excavated, margined with salient, blunt,
and rou(jh edijes. Abdomen coiiiial, its base sharply truncate.

105. O. niolestus Sadss. — Niger, tomento cinereo hirsutus ; tliorace
nilido grosse punetato; metanoto perrugo&o, haud bidentato, foveoljB
striatse niarginibus prominulis sed perrugosis, haud acutis ; abdomine
coniio, segiuentorum 2-5 niargine percrasse cribratis; macula frontali
et post-oculari, pronoti et abdominis segmentorum l'-4' limbo, macula
subalari, tegulis, scutelli maculis 2, post-scutello, metanoti summi
punctis 2 pedibupque, flavis. — 'J,. Clypeo latiore quam longiore, tlavo,
valde punctate, antice attenuato, truncato; mandibulis, oculorum
margine iutus, scapo subtus, flavis. — f?.

Odyn. molcstus Sauss. Revue et Mag. de Zool. XXII, 1870, CI, 19, % .

Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 9 mm.

%. Size and appearance of the 0. arvensis, but the thorax
shining and more coarsely cribrose with more separated punctures.
Post-scutel crenulate. Metathorax but little retracted, very
rugose ; its posterior face not bidentate, strongly excavated, the
borders very salient, but not at all trenchant; being on the
contrary blunted, rounded by very coarse punctures. At times the
borders are a little channelled because of these punctures; their
summit is separated from the post-scutel by a fissure, but does not
form any salient angles. Abdomen conical, having the same form
as the 0. arvensis; the first segment truncate, having a sharp
angle; the 2d very short, its posterior border impressed and very
coarsely cribrose, as are also the following segments.

AKT I.

OI)Y.\£RL'S.

291

Icrrnc-
by the
ridgod
uncatc
! 2a at

I s^harjy
i or the
'(hjpn no
parated

ent, blunt,
ite.

; tliorace
0, foveolse
aMomin©
la front ali
ko, macula
ti suuiiui
ore, llavo,
oculorum

19, %.

le

thorax
unctures.
ed, very
atcd, the

on the
times the
;s; their

does not
ame form

a sharp

and very

Insect black, bristling witli prayish Iiair (among fresh f^pecimcns
the abdomen is almost velvety). A spot on tlio front, another
little one behind each eye, anterior border of prothorax, leguhe,
a spot beneath the wing, two on the sentel, post-sentel, and a
spot on ea(;h side of this on the sununit of metathorax, yellow or
a little red. The first two segments of the alxhjmen bordered
with yellow; the border of the first joined on each side with an
oblique red or yclh^w spot; the segments ( 9 3-4), % 3-5 bordered
with a fine yellow edging. Legs yellow, at the base black.
Wings transparent, a little smoky; nervures brown. "Wing scales
spotted with red or brown,

%. Clypeus yellow, strongly punctured, wider than long; its
inferior extremity slightly prolonged and truncate in middle.
MandibleS; scape of antennsB beneath, inner border of orbits, and
femora above, yellow. Hook of the antenna? ferruginous.

lifss. a. (liff. — This resembles divers species, particularly the
0. arve7is7)i %, but the clypeus is much more coarsely punctured,
wider in proportion, with the extremity narrower and not biden-
tatc. It differs from others: from 0. arvc)isli<, Bo>'(ii, Hidahji,
and Iturbidi by its metathorax, which is not liidentate and very
much more excavated. — It is easily distinguished from the 0.
foraminatus % by the form of its clypeus, by its more coarsely
punctured thorax, by the metathorax surrounded by nKn-e salient
borders, and very much more rugose, not forming behind the
post-scutel the two little separating teeth; by the two jcllow
spots of the scutcl ; by its very conical abdomen, truncate at its
base, with a sharp ridge. But it offers an appearance wholly
similar to the 0. turpm; the same size, the same form, the same
livery, so far that one would readily take it for the male of that
species. However, it differs from it essentially by the borders uf
its metathorax, which are blunted, rugose, and not at all tren-
chant, while in the species of this group the ridges arc in gcnernl
more trenchant at the summit among the males than in the
females. Yet the resemblance is such between these two in-
sects that I remain in doubt if they are not the two sexes of the
same species, the rather that with the 0. turpis (9) the ridges
are often blunted toward the base.

Hah. The United States. 2 % from Tennessee.

292

HYMKNOPTKUA OF AMEKK A.

[I'AUT I.

b. Posterior plate of nielalhortir more jhitlened; Us margins rounded

and punctured.

* Abdamen conical, principally among thefemnla.

106. O. pratenais Sauss.— Pallide-ferruginens, citrino multipictns ;
thorace polito, grosse et sparse pimctato; lUHtanoto rotuiiilato, dense
punctato, velutino, utiiiujiio iiieruii, superne caiithia iinlliH, foveola
striata luinuta orbicular!: abdoiuine couico, seguieiitorum ^'-fi' J,
2'-6' % margiuo puiiotis luHcia crasais sparse cribrato; clypeo panlo
latiore qaam iougiore, truncato;* aiiteniiis bani auraiitiis, in diniidio
turminali superue nigria vel funeis; abdominis seguieutorum 1', 2' fascia
marginal! citrina utrinque dilatata.

Odyn. prutensis Sauss. Revue et Mag, de Zool. XXII, 1870, 61, 20, J %.

f. Total lengtb, 15 mm.; wing, 11 mm.
% . Total lenjjth, 12 mm. ; wing, 9 mm.

9. Size a little superior to that of the 0. foraminatus. Punc-
tures of body of little depth, but quite coarse. Scutel smooth,
with some coarse, sei»aratcd, irregular punctures. Post-scutel
crenulate. Motath jrax rounded, offering a little circular, striate
concavity; but its circumference is perfectly rounded, densely
punctured, without, any spiniform angle, nor any ridge ; not form-
ing behind the post-scutel any kind of teeth, and velvoty. Abdo-
men 9 very conical, truncate anteriorly, but without sharp ridge.
Border of segments 2'-5' (2'-6*, %) cribrose, with very gross
impressed points, a little separated, brown in their depth, and
forming on the 2d segment an impressed zone.

Insect of a ferruginous orange, garnished with yellow or gray
hair; mandibles, clypeus, the whole face, and a little post-ocular
gpace, sulphur-yellow; a brown band on the vertex; antenna?
red, clouded with yellow, with their second moiety black above,
and the scape adorned with a yellow line. Middle of the pro-
fhorax, a spot under the wing, tegulaj, post-scutel, and sides of
metathorax, yellow; scutel orange, varied with yellow^; disk of
mesothorax red, clouded with brown. All the segments of the
abdomen widely bordered with yellow; bordering of 1st and 2d
squarely widened on the sides; anus yellow ; femora and tibia
varied with yellow. Wings transparent, gray at the end, a little
ferruginous along the side.

Var. a. Mesothorax obscure, with two ferruginous lines.

6. Yellow bordering of prothorax complete.

0DYNE11U8.

?.

9. Clypoiis yi'llow, coarsely punctured, a littlo wider than
lunjx, tenuiuatod l»y a littlo laniollur burdur; iiiaiidii)k's yellow or
red.

%. Smaller. Head wide. Clypeus polyjjonul, more widely
truncate. Le<;.s j'ellow. (Antemiic ?,)

i?c.s,s. a. diff. — This species varies without douht infinitely in
its color.s, passing prol)ai)ly in one place to l)r(»;vn or to black in
its deeper color, or preserving its yellow oriuinients more or less
rcduciMl ; in another iilaeo changing from yellow, by the paling of
its deeper color, and the extension of its ornaments, as wo have
.shown above for the 0. annulalus. It will not do then to seek
its distinctive characters elsewhere than in its form.

It is easily confounded with the O. annuJadix, which has almost
the same livery and the male of which also presents a great head.
It is distinguished from it by its greater and less dense punctures,
the thora.x remaining smooth for this reason; by the absence of
lateral dentiform angles on the nietathorax ; by the punctures of
borders of segments 2-4, which are greater, and -icparated, and
of a brown color; the % also by its shorter clypeus, which is not
regularly octagonal, the inferior borders not being identical with
the superior, the inferior being a little more prolonged.

The 0. pralennis diflers from the 0. Jhraminalus by its meta-
thorax, having a smaller concavity, less .surrounded by swellings,
with more rounded borders, more circumscribed, less extended,
as far as the borders of the i)osterior '"ace ; and by the ah^n'iicc:
of Utile teeth behind the jjost-scutel ; by a shorter and wider
clypeus, etc.

It differs from the O. Guerreri by its more conical abdomen,
by its less densely cribrose, and not velvety body, etc. Other-
wise, its color is of a gay orange-red, common to insects of the
western coast of Xorth America, and not of the brownish-re(l
peculiar to the Mexican insects.

Ilab'. Lower California and the prairies of Xew Mexico. 9
from Cape St. Lucas (Lower California, G. Xantus) ; % from
New Mexico.

** AMomen more ovate-conical slightly contracted anteriorly.

lOY. O. flaTOpictUS Sauss. — O. foramlnato simillimus, sed mpta-
thoracia deutilms superioribus uullis; clypeo latiore, flavo, nigro-maigi-

2!) I

IIYMKNdPTEIlA OP AMERICA.

[I'AUT I.

nato, in imdio Nigiintnm iiiKia ; abdoiniiiis Hcuniidi segtnentl margiue
orasHe puiictiUu ,><tMl iicu ititprusHu, iieu rugorto, ^.

Odjn.jtut'opictus SAoas. Rev. «t Mag. de Zool. IX, 1857, 270. \

Total length, 11 .'uiri. ; wing, O.S lum.

Very similar to O. foravnnatus ; u little sniullor, nnd dilTcriiij^
l»y its clyi)eiis hoiii;^ a iittlo iiioro triangiiiiir, and princMpally liy
its luetatliorax, destituto of siiarp edges suiterioriy, not Ibnuinj^
behind tlio post-scutcl two teeth separated by u iissiiro.

9. llather slender. Clypeus wide, its apex narrowly produecd,
a little exeavaled, bideiitate. rost-seiitcl not erenulate. Con-
cavity of nietathorax linely striate; its edf^es roii!j;lily jjnnctured,
not margined superiorly by any sharp edges. Alxlonien a little
more contracted anteriorly. The whole body more liMcly ])uiic-
tured ; the margin of the 2d abd. segment strongly punctured,
but not rugose ; more impressed.

lilaek, with the same ornaments as 0. foraminattts ; nil the
abdominal segments margined with yellow; the border of the
first segment widened on the sides, with three black notches.
Clypeus yellow, with u central black spot, and its (ij)ex margined
with black. Wings washed with fuseou.s, with bronze reflections.

Jfnb. United States. Tennessee.

This may bo a variety of 0. foraminatus, with imperfectly
developed form.

\OH, O. CwMcrrcri Saups. — Obscure rufas et niger, rngose pnnctatiis,
fulvo-liirautiis ; clypeo trnncato ; poat-soutello 9 bigibboso, 'J 2- vf 1
4-dentato ; metathorace ubique olitiindato, dense punotato, foveola
Striata minore, milloiiiodo auute-niarginata cantliis iiullis; abdomine
ovato-conieo, niar;;inibu.s Regiiientoruin 2' et sequentiuin grosse puiic-
tatis ; Kfcundi v.ilde iinprcsHo ; aiitennis rufls, npico nigris; capite
nigro, orbitis 9 oiniiino rufo-iuarginatis nee non in vertice snminn ;
vertice 9 faHcia riifa transversa ornato; thoraco rnfo-inacnlato. prnnoto
rnfo ; abdomine riifo; segtnenti.s omnibus liavo-iuarginatis, lo, 20 basi
nigro-variis ; alia fusco-nebulosis, oosta ferruginea.

Odyn, Guerreri Sauss. Revue et Mag. de Zool. IX, 1857, 277.

9 . Total lenptb, 12 mm. ; wing, 10 mm.
%. Total lengtb, 9.5 nnn. ; wing, 8 mm.

9. Insect quite slender, of an obscure red, velvety. Head and
thorax densely cribrose; scutel divided by a longitudinal groove;

ODYNKHUS.

2U5

cvcst of post-scutol insonsil)ly hituliornilato. Conrnvity of triota-
tliorax (juilo snmll, tlio striu! parttMl in tb<! iiiiddli! Iiy a carina ;
its l)onk'r.s coniplotc'ly roiimlcd and piincturod, forniiii^ iio traco
of a salient Ixdiind tlio post-scutcl. Abdoincii tniiicato anteriorly;
second segment ratlier wider than lonj;, a 1. Jo wider than tiic
first; its border oflV-rinf? a wide impressed zone, ronj;lily eriliroso
with separate piineturea, insensiiily crenulatc. JJorders of the
other segnn'iits very coarsely punctured.

Insect black, velvety, garniHhed with an abundant woolly, tawny
pile. Clypous, mandibles, a spot oii the front, and the complete
border of the orbits, aH well as the vertex, ferruginous; one sees
beside on the vertex a transverse band of this color which joins
the summit of the two eyes. Anteniue ferruginous, wiih their
second moiety black. I'rothorax, teguhe, a spot under the wing,
scutcl and post-seutel, wholly or in part, and angles of nw'tat borax,
of an obscure ferruginous; there is often a ferruginous spot at
the base of niesothorax also. AlKlomcn silky or woolly, ferrugi-
nous, with the border of all the segments, yellow; the base of the
lirst two black, which forms variable designs. liCgs ferruginous.
Wings ferruginous along the side, a little smoky in the rest of
their extent, the radial cellule obscure.

Var. a. The little chauuel of second segment almost null in
certain specimens.

b. Metathorax black ; scutcl black, with two rod spots ; the
black strongly extended on the first two segments of abdomen.

c. The scape blackish above ; vertex without red transverse
band ; legs black and yellow.

d. Clypeus, ornaments of the head, scutcl, tcgula;, .spots under
the wings, passing into yellow.

9 . Clypeus wide, strongly punctured, its inferior margin
truncate, the angles forming two little salients.

Z . Clypeus polygonal, truncation almost straight, yellow.
Post-scutel bidentate or 4-dcntate, or denticulate; 2d segment
very short, concave, its border very rugose, at times a little
channelled. Vertex generally black, bordering of orbits incom-
plete at the summit,

Var. The first segment black, bordered with yellow ; the
bordering joining with two red lateral spots ; the 2d black, red
on the sides.

Bess. a. diff. — This species has rather nearly the same colora-

29G

IIYMKNOPTKIIA OP AMEIIIC

[I'AUT I.

tion ns tlio O. Jliirhidc and IIi<hihji (var. Mex.); but it difTn's
by Its fiiiiallor sizo, by its bidentuto post-Bcutil, by its Bmallor
concavity wliicli only orcupics tlie middle. Tlio nmlo groutly
rcst'iiiblcH tilt! O, molrxliis, but is distinct from it by the nu-ta-
tborax liaving its l)onk'rs nioro rct^ulnrly rounded, regularly
punctured, not rugose, not angulate at tlio summit, nor (piite so
elevated as to be separated from tlic post-scutcl by a fissure; by
tiic more oval abdomen, by its antenna;, red in their first moiety, etc.

The species closely approaches al.so to the colors of the O,
Mordii, and the Anvistroccrus tuber culicepa. (See the descrip-
tion of these species.)

Uab. The temperate parts of Mexico. I took 4 9 and 0 ^ in
the beautiful valley of Mextithui ; one 9 on the confines of
r.Iorelia, in ^Mcehoacan ; and 2 9, 3 ^ in the hot parts of the
province of Mexico (Cuautia).

109. O. Romandimis Sadsb.— Sntis gracilis, nigrn-relutinas, pilis
loni^ia fulvis liiisutus ; poat-HCHtnllo liaud acute truncato; inetanoto
luuul angulato ; puucto po.st-oculari, pioiioti, tegularmn, abdoininHquo
sei5inciitoium l-.'5 margiiio, llavo; post-.scutello fascia tlava ; alls infa.i-
catis, fusco-purpureo nitidis. — Clypeo } nigro; ^ aarautio, basinigro.

Odijn. Romandinua Sadss. et Vespides, I, 184, 79.

9 . Total length, 11 n. ; wing, 8.5 mm.
% . Total length, ! ; W'ug, 8 mm.

Rather slender, very finely punctured and velutinous throughout.
Post-scutel depressed, uot sharply truncate. Metathorax very
slightly excavated, not angulaie ; the excavation not margined ;
superiorly, continued witliout limits from the superior part; tlio
lateral edges continued with the inferior edges. Abdomen ovate-
conical, a little depressed ; the first segment not as wide as the
second, bluntly truncate anteriorly, and more strongly punctate.
Second segment having at base beneath a transverse tubercle.

The whole insect of a deep velvet black, and all bristling with
long fulvous hair. Antennae and head black; a little j'cllow spot
behind the eye. Anterior margin of prothorax with a narrow
yellow band ; margin of wing scales, a fascia on the post-scutel,
and the margin of the 1-3 abd. seguients narrowly yellow ; the
3d margin quite narrow. Wings fuscous, with brown and violet
iridescence. The ornaments are of a golden sulphur-yellow.

Ol»VN KUU8.

*jy7

Vnr. Post-scufcl hliick, without vcllow Itiiinl.

9. (^lypcMis i»yrif()riii, tniiiculf, hidontutc! or hinnpiilntc at 'ip,
coftrsel}- piiiicturi'd ueur llio tjxtrtMuily; adorned with two yi'lluw
lines at its apex.

% . (My pens oloiigiitc, a littlo bidcntato nt tlio apex, thi* inferior
part occupied l)y a larj,f(' oran^^e niaetila; its teeth uml apieal
edge hiaek. IFook of the antenriie siiiaii, black.

l'(ir. Tlie oraiij,'!! niaciiia of the elypcus much extended

7i'('«s. a. dijf. — A very distinct species, having? (piitc the
characters of tlio r)dyncri(hL' of the northern Andes of Soutli
America, velutinous, grisly with long black liair. This insect
forms sonicjwhat a transition to the Jlijjioilijticrux ; it lives also
quito on the northern liraitsj of the distribution of this group of
insects.

Hub. New Granada. Sta Fo do Bogota, 2 9 , 2 ^ .

Section IT. — Ilodij still stubbed, not slender, nor cylindrical.
Abdomen not conical, but remaining »essile ; the \sl neyment
ftmaller than the 2d, an stronijhj or more t^trotxjli/ punctured
than the 2d; the 2d ronttlricled at ba.fe to Jit into the Jirst
and vtore or le.'<.^ deformed; luieinij its mnnjin venj titxuKjly
canal icidate and rejlexcd, and more or lens swelled before
the channel.

This group is formed for exceptional types, still belonging to
the Division Odynerus by their general aspect, but passing to
Stenodynerus by the form of the abdomen, which is no longer
conical or ovate-conical, but more narrow anteriorly, and by the
scutel, which is not so distinctly truncate, nor ridged on the line
of the truncation. The two species which follow are approximate
in the form of the abdomen, but very diQ'erent in that of the
clypeus %.

A. Mctathorax not narroicrd below, much excavated, with very
sharp edges; post-scutcl bituberculate ; abdomen quite de-
formed.

IIO. O. cllinicillUS Sauss. — Niger craasisaime cribri instar punc-
tatus ; pronoto cristato, post-sontello bimamiliari ; inetathorace valde
excavato, snperne acute marginato; 2° aegmwnto postice olunium
duurum iiistar turgente, margiue profuiidissime canaliculato et mazime

298

IIYMENOPTEUA OP AMERICA.

[I'ART I.

leflexo; macula frontali et snbalari, tegulis, maciilia 2 scatelH et 2
metanoti, proiioti abdorainisqno seginentorura l'-4' margiiip, tibiis «t
tarsis, pallide-flavis. — % , Clypeo polygonal! flavo ; scapo subtus flavo.

Odjn. cluniculus Sauss. Revue c>t Mag. de Zool. XXII, 1870, GO, 18, %.

^ . Total length, 0 mm. ; wing, 7.5 mm.

Body crihrose, with very large, deep punctures ; head rugose,
sharply margined behind. I'rothora.Y anteriorly crested, angu-
latc. Post-seutel bearing a sort of cniarginutc crest or two
bidentate eminences; its hinder face elevated, flattened; nieta-
thorax vertically truncate, much excavated, rather polishod, very
sharply margined superiorly by two angulatc iirominent ridges,
separated by a sort of channel, being the continuation of the
ground of the cavity; the superior checks rather separated from
post-scutel by a sulcosity, and having a ])olished space ; the
inferior part rather angulatc inferiorly, but the angles tpiite
rounded; the inferior edges nearly horizontal. Abdomen quite
deformed. First segment short, truncate anteriorly ; its trans-
verse edge blunt, although a little salient because of a depression
of the superior face. Second segment slightly ovate ; quite
swelled above into two large, salient, rnunded tubercles, sepa-
rated by a deep excavation, resembling two brushes ; the margin
forming a rather broad, extremely deep channel, with the poste-
rior edge refloxed into a very much elevated crest, slightly
undulating in the middle. Third segment cut a little concavcly
behind. The first three segments quite as strongly cribrose with
enormous punctures as the thorax (also the tubercles of the 2d
segment). Those following not as strongly punctured.

Black. A frontal and post-ocular spot, anterior margin of
prothorax, a macula under the wing, teguloe, two spots on the
scutel, two spots on the metathorax and its blunt angle?-;, and the
margins of the first four abd. segments, pale yellow; margins of
1, 2 segments moderate ; 3, 4 very narrow. Feet black or brown ;
knees, tibia;, tarsi, and coxa3 2, 3, pale yellow ; tibiiB rather ferru-
ginous. Wings subhyaline, anterior margin narrowly brown.

% . Clypeus polygonal, as wide as long, coarsely punctured,
truncate, pale-yellow, as well as a line on the scape of the
antenna! ; hook ferruginous. — 9?.

Jitss. a. diff. — A species quite distinct by the unusual form of

ODVNERUS.

299

its abdomen, recalling, with exaggeration, the African O. canali-
culatux.

Hah. The tempcrato part of Mexico. Orizaba (1 %, Sumi-
cbrast).

13. Ilelallwrnx trianrfular, narrowed posfcHarb/, vol so much
excavntrd, xcilli sharp superior richirs. rost-scvfrl not
crcsfrd. Serond abdomin al seyment channelled and rejlcxed,
scarcchj sivoUen.

111. O. Iflorelii Sai-ps.— Niger, dense pnnctulatua, fiilvo-tonientosus ;
pionotoangulato; inetatlioriico hand angulato, foveoia po.stiua cantliis
acutis superne luarginata ; abdoniiuis prinio segniciito minoiv , iiiargiue
elHvato; secnndi niargine rugoso, valde canalicnlato valde rellexo ;
ant.-niii.s basi fVrriu'inei.s ; ore, orliitis et vertiois fasc ia arcuata, pronoto,
macula subalari, teguli-i, scutelli niargino, uietanoti cantliis, pedibiis
abdoniineque, femigiiieis ; Pegnientorum margine obscure ilavo ; seg-
nieiitis lo, 20 basi nigris ; alls dilnte infuscati.-s, in co.sta ferrugin.-a.—
% . Clypeo rotundato, transverse, flavo ; argeuteo-tomcutorio ; vcrtico
tulierculo polito obsolcto instructo ■? .

Odi/n. Morelos Sadss. Rev. et Mag. do Zool. IX, 1857, 270, % .

Total length, J , 12 mm. ; wing, ■£, , 10 mm.

% . Head rather swelled transversely at the occiput or behind
the eyes. A'ertox a little hollowed, or Avith a double, polished
low tubercle behind the ocelhe, and between this and the ocelhe,
a sort of arcuate depression, often obsolete. Thorax short ; pro-
thorax quite S(i' :ircly cut, its angles sharp, but not i)rod'nced.
Post-.scutel quite shortly truncate, linear, transverse, insensibly
depressed in the middle; but not edged nor crenulate; lis hinder
face elevated. IVIetalhorax rather narrow; its ujyper fiico on each
side convex; its hinder face rather triangular, forming each side
almost a blunt lateral angle; the excavation margined superiorly
on each side under the post-scutel by a sharp arcade or arcuated
edges, very salient, like a sharp crest, but not erect, forming no
teeth whatever behind the post-scutel. Abdomen constrictecl at
base of the second segment; the first segment very small, much
narrower than the second, truncate and rounded at base; its
margin a little edged. The second segment very stronglv e'ami-
liculatc along its margin; the chauuel widened iu the middle aud

800

HYMENOPTEUA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

the segment slightly swelled into two little chocks before the
channol ; the edge strongly rcflexed ; the edge of the 3d also a
little reflcxed ; the 2d beneath as tiiberculate at base. The
whole insect finely and densely punctured, on the abdomen as
well as on the thorax; more coarsely on the margin of 2-4 seg-
ments. The body woolly, furnished with gray-fulvous hair.

Black. Mandibles, the 2-3 first joints of antennae, a frontal
longitudinal line, an elongate large post-ocular spot, not touching
the eyes, and an angulate line on the vertex parted by the
tubercle, and continuing along the inner orbits of the eyes,
rufous. Prothorax, tcgulaj, a spot under the wing, post-scutel,
hinder part of scutol, and often the angles of metathorax, rufous.
Abdomen rufous; the base of the first two segments black, and
the margin of all segments yellowish. The black of the base is
often prolonged on the middle of the segment. Feet rufous.
Wings smoky, with the anterior edge ferruginous.

%. Clypeus wider than long, fulvous or yellowish, with argen-
teous reflections, although having some black hair; its inferior
margin rounded, with a little notch and bidentate in the middle.
Hook of the antennaj large, arcuate, black

Var. a. The head not much variegated with ferruginous.
Orbits and vertex nearly black. A black spot near the edge of
the 2d abd. segment.

b. Metathorax black.

iicss. a. diff. — The coloring'of this insect is what I should like
to call the Mexican livery; this dull ferruginous fulvo-vclutinous
livery being quite a Mexican type. This coloration is quite that
0^ Ancistrocerus tuhercuUceps, and much also that of Od>jneruii
Gucrreri. From this it difi'crs, by its abdomen, not conical, tin;
first segment being much narrower than the 2d ; by the margin
of the 1st segment which is hemmed, and that of the second, much
more canaliculate ; by its post-scutel not sharp nor crenulate, and
by its very large, wide clypeus.

This is quite an exceptional type by the form of its abdomen,
post-scutel, and its wide % clypeus.

Hah. The temperate parts of Mexico. I caught two males in
the fine valley of Mextitlan.

ODYNERUS.

801

Division STENODYNERUS.

(Sauss. Vespides I, Divis. IV, 20G.— Ill, Divis. Epsilon, 11" Sect., p. 255.
Stenoilynerus, Melang. Hymenopt. II" fasc, p. 58.)

IJody elongate, generally slender; often cijlindriral. Abdomen
slender and crjlindrical, or ovate, not quite sessile, or spindle-
shaped, subpeduneulate. Its first segment variable, having
the ^'hape of rather an elongate bell, rounded anteriorli/ or
cup-shaped, subpeduneulate, or funnel-shaped, often longer
than wide. — Post-scutel generally entire, not truncate,
angular posteriorly; but yet sometimes truncate when the
abdomen is spindle-shap)ed and subpeduneulate.

This is a type very richly represented in America.

The Odyneri of this division constitute a special type, remark-
able by the elongation of their forms, which is among the Odyneri,
quite a corresponding similarity between the Utenancistrocerus
and the Ancislrocerus.

The parallelism is so complete that one may even designate in
both groups some corresponding species of which some are quite
approximate, merely differing by the presence or absence of a
suture on the 1st abdominal segment,^ others very analogous,-
although not quite so similar. This very difficult group is not
distinguished by any one special character, but by the combina-
tion of several, which are not all general to all the species, each
species uniting only a certain portion of them, which partly occur
in other Odyneri, but are combined in other ways. This makes
the Stenodyneri very difficult to recognize, for one not very
fomiliar with the genus Odynerus.

' 0. conformis.
0. vagus.

A. fiilvipes.
f A. sfEculnris.
<• A. Bravo.

• a. Abdomen elongate, ci/l!ndrical.
0. Enyo. A. hintrio.

O. totonacus. A. Mexicanus.

b. Abdomen more ovate, 1st segment cup-shaped.
0. speciosus. A. militaris.

0. Peyroti. A. Sumichrasti.

c. Metatlwrax produced posteriorly ; wings black, ornawents white.
0. luctuosus. A. quadrise.ctus, etc.

p

302

nYMENOPTEIlA Oi AMERICA.

[part I,

TIic flilTienlty in distinguii^hing tlic Slcnodynerua from the
Pachodi/ncrua and tlic true Odijncrns obliges us to make a review
of the ciiarncters which are peculiar to each.

The clypcus is not characteristic in any. Generally pyriform,
truncate, and biangulate at tip; iu 9 sometimes rounded; in %
polygonal-truncate and bidentate.

The thoi'ax is cylindrical when the abdomen is elongate-
cylindrical, vaulted above, anteriorly nut contracted, biangulatc
(0. conformis, toUccus, perennis, etc.). When the abdomen is
more ovate or spindle-shaped, the therax is not so elongate,
more triangular, contracted behind. It is nearly always more
or less coarsely punctured, the nietathorax being less strongly
punctured.

The j^ost-scutel is rery peculiar. It has two different forms:

1st. Not truncate; that is, angulatc behind, not forming a
superior transverse punctate face and a posterior vertical polished
face, but on the contrary entire; rather horizontal or oblique,
falling into the hinder face of nietathorax, more elevated anteriorly
than posteriorly, as if it had been a little squeezed from behind
forwards, so as to accumulate it somewhat along the anterior
margin; when crested, the crest is placed on this elevated part
near the anterior margin, and not, as in the Divis. Odynorus, on
the posterior edge formed by the truncation. "When not trun-
cate, it is punctured on its whole surface,

?d. Truncate posteriorly and crested on the ridge of the trun-
cation, nearly as in Divis. Odi/neriis. But in this case the trun-
cation is more oblique, as if impressed from behind, and the crest
rather pushed forward against the anterior margin. The tr.mca-
tion also is not as straight transversely, but is rather arci.ate.
In case the scutel is truncate, the Slcnodijncrus arc yet quite
distinct from Divis. Odijneru.H, in having the nietathorax quite
convex, not widely excavated, so that the posterior face of the
post-scutcl does not, as in Odijnerus, make a part of the posterior
concavity of the ractathorax, and besides, the aodomen is quite
slender, spindle-shaped, the first segment being funnel-shaped,
rather pediculate, not wide and sessile as in the Divis. Odynerua.

The mef(Uhora.r, is quite variable. 1st. Sometimes produced
horizontally, further than the post-scutel, including it behind
(0. luctiioHus), as in some Ancistrocerus (A. A-seclus). 2d, Gene-
rally not produced superiorly, but somewhat produced under the

ODYNERUS

303

scutol before it becomes truncate, wliich is such that tbo post-
scutol is not touched by the truncation ; quite rounded, without
lateral angles, with a rounded, free, not limited fossetto ; some-
times produced triangularly, convex, only parted by a longitudinal
or sulcate channel. 3d. Truncate or biangulate, with a very sharp
cavity and lateral angles (0. spinifer), but the post-scutcl not
truncate. Even when quite rounded posteriorly, the metathorax
does not lose its lateral ridges, which extend from the posterior
wing to the articular valves of the abdomen, und which must not
be confounded with the superior and inferior edges which con-
stitute the lateral margin of the concavity, when existing.

The abdomen has also various forms : 1st. In the clonjirate-
cylindrical type it is elongate and cylindrical, sessile, but the first
segment is bell-shaped, elongate, rounded, not or but slightly
contracted anteriorly, but not truncate ; as long as wide. This
form is very different from that of Divis. Odynerus, where the 1st
segment is wide, truncate anteriorly, its superior face being
always wider than long. 2d. Elongate, slender, but more
depressed; the 1st segment short, truncate, as in Odijnerm, but
the post-scutcl not truncate (O. spinifer). 3d. More ovate, con-
tracted anteriorly, the first segment being small, cup-shaped,
rounded, not quite sessile, often subpetiolate ; the 2d segment
more swelled. 4th. Elongate spindle-shaped, quite slender,
attenuated anteriorly the same as posteriorly; the first segment
funnel-shaped, sometimes elongate and subpetiolate.

The abdomen has a tendency to be more produced than in
D'v-=. Odynerus; and the 1st segment is always more coarsely
punctured than the 2d, which is just the contrary in Divis. Ody-
nerua. These various forms make quite insensible transitions
from one to another, and their various combinations make it very
difficult to define the subdivisions of the group, so that one must
pardon me if I have not succeeded in rendering them distinct
enough.

The table of species, based on empirical characters, will perhaps
help the reader out of the chaos of the very numerous species,
better than the diagnosis of the subdivisions, and the following
tabic will assist in distinguishing tlie Slenodynerus from the
Divis. Pachodynerus and Odynerus pr. diet.

804

IIYMENOPTERA OP AMKRICA.

[PAIIT T.

A. Upper facti of thorax prolonged beyond th<» post-SGutel, involving it
beliind. Stenoilymrus,

I). Thorax not prolonged superiorly bfliind the post ncntel.

(7. Post-scutel entire, angulate behind. Slenodynerux.

It. Post-scutel truiioate posteriorly, liaving a posterior face.

t First abdominal segment short, truncate anteriorly, its superior

face wider than long. Odynerus.

ft First abd. segment subpedunculate, funuel-shaped or cup-shaped.

Stenodyiiertts,

C. Abdomen thick, conical, widest anteriorly. Ody,ierus.

D. Abdomen not so conical.

a. First segment truncate anteriorly,
a. Its superior face wider than long.

* Post-scutel truncate ; abdomen ovate-conical. Odynerus.

** Post-scutel not truncate ; abdomen slender 1st segment more
punctured than t'- ^d. Slenodynerus.

B. Its superior face about as long as wide. Stenodynerus.

b. Abdomen slender, cylindrical ; first segment bell-shaped, sessile,
rounded anteriorly, as long as wide. Stenodynerus.

c. Abdomen more ovate, first segment smaller, cup-shaped.

Stenodynerus.

d. Abdomen slender, spindle-shaped ; first segment funnel-sliapt'<l.

Stenodynerus.

E. First abd. segment less punctured than the 2d, jr equally punctured
with it. Odynerus.

F. First abd. segment more punctured than the 2d or equally with it.

Stenodynrrus.

G. Post-scutel entire, angulate behind.
H. Post-scutel truncate posteriorly.

«. Abdomen sessile, or subsessile, truncate at base.

b. Abdomen subpedunculate, 1st segment funnel-shaped.

Stenodynerus.

Odynerus.

Stenodynerus.

It is almost superfluous to say that these distinctions arc not
matliematical, nature always forming transitions which oblige us
to admit a certain latitude in the exceptions and in the racaiii'jg
of the deflnitions.

Table to assist in the determination of the Stenodyneri.

1. Wings black, with violet iridescence. 114. luctuosus.

1, 1. Wings cloudy, ferruginous, or subhyaline. •

2. A crest or two erect spines behind the post-scutel.
3. Metathorax strongly biangulate, and bidentate superiorly.

112. spini/er.

3, 3. Metathorax superiorly margined with a semicircular ridge.

113. araucanus.

^sss^^^

ODYNERUS.

305

2, 2. No ercot ppin.-s on raetatlio.ax, behind the post-scutel

3. Scut.1 .netathorux, an.l lirst segment orange, ,vinj.H ferruginous,
wuh tl: apex brown. ns. £-„^„.

.^, J. Insect black, with yellow or liiteous ornaments.

4. PoHt-«outel black, truncate or crested; scutel adorned with
yellow. Small species very slender.
5. Metathorax unarmed.

a. Quito small ; auteuuffl and pleura: maculate,

(, p J ^4'J, nvo/huHS.

t>, 0. Larger. AutennsD and pleurae 9 immaculate.

- , 150. zcinldlus.

5,5. Metathorax having superiorly two small tubercles; quite
small Hpecies.

6. Tubercles 'arge, dentiform ; post-scutel truncate, not
crested. ^r,^ ,

b, fa. Tubercles small. Post-seutal crested.

7. Tubercles rounded, punctured ; post-.soutel crested ante-

'■•O'ly. ir,i /

17 w rp , 151. tiahuus.

i, 7. J ubercles sharp, compressed, very small.

8. Post-scutel crested anteriorly. L'-,2. olmicus.
8,8. Post-scutel crested posteriorly. 153. chla anecm.
4,4. Post.scntel triangular or not distinctly truncate, generally
with a yellow fascia.

5. Scutel and post-scutel orange.
5, 5. Scutel always black.

(J. Post-scutel crested, yellow.

6, 6. Post-scutel not crested.

7. Post-scutel black.

8. Thorax quite black.
9. Only the first segment margined with yellow-

9, 9. Segments 2-5 margined with yellow.

8, 8. Thorax adorned with yellow. •*"«'"•

9. Only the first segment margined with yellow.

0 o rn, „ ^'^■^- ^^"ftonianus.

y, J. J he first two segments adorned with yellow.
10. Second segment with two yellow ^pots.

T^ , l''^2, Nortonianus.

lu, 10. Second segment without yellow spot.

7, 7. Post-scutel adorned with yellow; the 2d segment mar-
gined with yellow.

8. Anterior margin of prothorax adorned with yellow,

not its posterior margin.
9. Margin of 2d segment /ery strongly canaliculate
and reflexed. ^i^. j tol/ecus.

QA 120. I. '/ Toas.

142. cohimbaris.
1 ■'.. Xantianus.

300

IIYMENOPTEUA OP AMERICA.

fPART I.

9, 9. Margin of 2cl segmeut uot canaliculate, or only
slightly retlexed.
10. Second abdominal segment with two free yellow
spots.
11. First segment with two yellow spots.
12. Tliti Hpotd elongate or oblique tascise.
13. ^smaller, very slender, cylindrical.

117. cuiijbrmia.
13,13. Larger, not slender. 11(J. vitijus.
12, 12. The spots rounded, or small, or triangular.
13. Margiu of 2d segmeut slightly rullexed.
121. ( colleya.

120. t Tous.

13, 13. Margiu of 2d segment punctured, uot sen-
sibly rellexed. 119. auoniiis.
11, 11. First abdominal segment without yellow spots.
12. Post-scutel bipuuctate with yellow.

132. Xortonianua.
12, 12. Post-scutel with a yellow band.

13. Margiu of 2d segment slightly rellexed.

121. f collega.
120. t Toas.

13, 13. Margin of 2d segment not rellexed.

14. Ornaments rufous, feet rufous, body
velutinous. 126. prophujuus.
14, 14. Ornaments yellow or pale ; feet black
and yellow, or yellow.
15. Small ; ornaments luteous.

125. Kennicottianus.
15, 15. Ornaments yellow.

16. Segments 1-4 margined with yel-
low. Abdomen ovate.

119. ( anormis.

126. ^propiii(]uus,vnr,
16,16. Segments 1, 2, 4 margined with

yellow. Abdomen slender.
17. Body much variegated with
orange-yellow; femora yellow.

122. bacuensis.

17, 17. Body passably variegated with
sulphur-yellow ; femora black.

123. pedestris.

10, 10. Second abd. segment without free yellow spots.
11. First abd. segment with two yellow spots or
fasciae.
12. With two oblique fasciw.

116. vagus, var.

*if

ODYNEKUS. gQ,

12.12. Wi!h two free spots. 121. collega, v„r.

13. Fossette of luetathorax rather angulate

superiorly. ]2;j. IV^ensis.

id, 13. Fossette of inetatliorax rounded.

nut.- . ^^^- '■"'/''!/"» i'«''.

11,11. i.r.st a,.d second segments without free vel-
low spots.
12. Only the first two P.l,d. Begments margined
with yellow or luteous.
13. Tibi.-e and tarsi quite yellow or ferrugi-
nous.

14. Rather large; margin of 2d segment

'■*''*"^«^d. 121. cothfja, rar.

14. 14. Smaller, slender ; margin of 2d segment

not reflexed.
15. Ornaments wide, deep yellow; 2d
segment strongly punctate.
128. jiereiinis.

15. 15. Ornaments narrow, pale sulphur-yel-

low ; 2d Begments finely punctate.
145. r Taittbuijm, mr.
148. J Miihitunus.
147. j lluro.
l'^<'- t Callepellensis.

13. 13. ,Tibi,-B and tarsi Mack, or maculate with

yellow or luteous.

14. Insect not very slender; vnaments yet-

low; abdomen ovate, margin cf first
segment wide, widened on each side ;
feet black. 135. mt/stecus.
14, 14. Insect slender.

15. Ornaments pale.

IG. Abdomen truncate at base ; meta-
thorax superiorly margined by
an arcuate crest.

138. Araucanus.

16. 16. Abd. spindle shaped ; metatlu ax

not crested superiorly. Yellow
margins quite narrow.

144. / ciii/o/m, var
146. < priiiuosuf.
143. ^ totoiKicu.i, var.

15.15. Ornaments yellow; first abd. seg-

ment rather sessile, square above,
rugose. IM.jiyitlus.

12, 12. More than two segments margined with
yellow.
13. Segments 1, 2, 4 margined with yellow.

m

oU8

IIYMKNOITEUA OF AMERICA.

[I'AIIT I.

14. Mftutlinrax rouKh, rather !ln^uliltu ; .'ith

begiueul iiiiiigiui'il witli yellow.

12!). '{'fxensis, var.

14, 14. Metathorax rouixl^d, nitlier rough ; fiih

aeguiuut uot uiar^ined.

127. /'eiinsi/lrdnlciis.

13, 13. The third Rt-gtiieiit luurgiiit-d with yt'llnw.

14. The t'ulluwiiig rtegiiieiitH margined \miIi

,, 147. I IIiiio.

yellow. V

• 135. t tnijslecm,

14, 14. Segmeiitrt 1-4 uiargiiied with yellow.
15. iMiirgiii of 2d tit-guieiit ratlier if ilexed.
121. culleija, var.
15, 15. Margin of 2d segiuuut uot retlexed.
10. Only the ^eguleut 1-4 $, 1-5 '^
inai'ginud with yellow.
17. Body elongate; uhdoiuen cylin-
drical ; nietalhorax depressed,
flattened. 130. fusciculiihis.
17,17. lidily not so sleniler; ahdonien
more ovate, contracted at base ;
luetnthorax HJiort, rounded.
133. Victor id',
16, 1'i. All the segments margined with
yellow.
17. Ornaments Inteons ; anns black.
125. f Keiniicotliuniis.
i:^. \ Incn.
17,17. Ornaments yellow.

18. All the margins wide; anns
yellow. 137. mai/iis.
18, 18. The last margins narrow; anns

, , , ]33. ( Viclorice.
black. { ,

134. I tnra.

8, 8. Posteriipf margin of protliorax adorned with yellow,
and often also its anterior margin qnite black.
9. A free spot on each side of the 2d al)<l. segment.

12(j. pri'pinqnm.
9, 9. No free spot en the 2d segment.

10. Quite slender ; only tlie first two segments mar-
gined with pale sulphur-yellow.
11. Feet black ; tibiae often maculate with yellow.
Small. 143. totonacus.

Very small. 14t. coyoliis.

11,11. Tibia; and tarsi fulvous. 1-J5. Tuculiai/(t.
10,10. Not so slender, abd. more ovate; all the seg-
ments margined with yellow.
11. Metathorax rugose, reticulately rugose or
punctate.

OIiYNEllUS.

301)

12. Body rulvo-volntfnon<« ; prntliorax ntid flr-it
wt^S'iut'iit ]n)rtteri()ily well iiiiir^iiii'il with
yellow ; wiiig.s tuirugiiidus on iIih aiiteiior
('(ige, y.V,), olomiliin,

12, 12. Hoily ariiHiiteo-seiiceiis ; jnotlionix niul 1st
st'iiiiit'iit vt'cy imnowly iiiiui,'iiu'(l,oi(jiiilH
l)I;K;k ; 2il sfuiiifiit widHly iimrgiiUMl ;
wiiiits clomly. 141. I'liimti,

11,11. Mi'tatlidr.'ix imiictato, not r-o rni,'0SH ; wing.i
suioky. , 13ti. hiiastccus.

yellow,
Ihlack.

[Ulfllt.

1 yellow,
■the seg-

Uescription of the fpecies.

I. Mrtaihora.r hn>'h\(j ifn j>oyfcrior jilttlc suprrioi'h/ Irrnu'na'id
by two erect leeth, or by an erect crest.

A. Metnlhorax vol prohnnjrd beijond the. pnsf-srutrl, hut truncate
at its apr.r, 2i'>sleri(n'li/ excavated, aix/ulalc vn each side;
the superior edges oj' the 2>o.ste7-ior plate tenninatiitfj in two
erect s}nnes, which are separated from the post-scutel bij
deep fissures.

This type establishes the passnj^o from llic trnc Odijncrus to
the Sfenodynerus. Tlie mctathorax continue to bo ronned as in
the Odyncrus propr, diet., angular and .sharp, but the po.st-seutel,
instead of being transversely truneatc and crested, advance's
angularly between the spines of niotathorax, and is not sensiljjy
truncate. The first abdominal segment is short and truncate
anteriorly. The other characters arc quite those of Htenodyneru>i:
Head rounded and convex; body slender, rather cylindrical, the
first abdominal segment more punctate than the rest of the
abdomen.

113« O. spinifer Sauss. — Oracillimus, olongatus ; clypeo piriforini,
pnnctato, apice arcuato-truncato, biangulato. Caimt, thorax et alilo-
niiiiis primam segmentum, teiiuittr (Jeiise punctata. Thorax coiivexus,
antice liaudcoarctatus, teuuitercristato-marginatus ; scutellis deplanati.s ;
post-scutello trigonal!, apice hand v«l obsolete truncatn ; metanoto
postice oblique ♦■xcavato, canthis Internlihm valde acntis, titrinque
dt'iitem efficientibus ; foveola strigata, rugosa; c.anthia inferis aculis,
valvis articulationis latis ; canthis superis obsoletis, superne pone post-
scutf Hum in spinas 2 erectas elongatas pxcurrentibus. Abdonicn sub-
velutinum ; primo segmento brevi, latitndincj fere f ecundo lequali, an-
tice rotundato, truncate, superne per sujcum partite ; secuude elongate;

leose or

810

IIYMENOI'TKUA OP AMKIIK'A.

[I'AlvT T.

SHgmentia 2-6 tpiinisHimH iJiiiiotatiri. Cdrpiis iiixnim ; mnnilibnlnrinn
a|)ice, teguliii, tlbiis taisisqu«, f»<rnigln«i:t ; puiu^tin 2 in miiiiimh) il.viifo,
luiuoto frontjili, pmioto utiiii(|Un iMwl-CKUiliiii, »il iiltfro in oiiilomni jsinu,
proiioti linHa antica inttiiTnpUi, niauiila Hiilmlari, puncto utiiininH in
luetanoti (lentil'Uii latHialibuii nbdouiiuixquu HeginHntornm 1', 2' faMuia
nngusta, tiavid vul lutuitt. Aliri fusuo-nubulosit) ; vuuio fusuid, tegulis
flavo-pu«ctatl« 9.— Longit. 10 niui. ; alae, 7.5iuni.

Odyn. upim/er Saosb. Revue et Mag. de Zool. X, 1858, 1C8, J .

liess. a. tlijf. — In this HitccioH tlio distribution of tlio colors Is
very chnractt'ristic. Tlio Kciitcl and post-seiitcl ccjulinuc! Idack,
nlthough thcro is a yrllovv spot, imdcr tiio wing. Tlio yiilow
sjiots arc all (luito Puiall and tlio liands quite narrow. TIicso
oriianu'nts aro whitish ou the head and thorax, more yellowish on
the ai)domon.

This OihjncrvH roscmblcs O. srutcJlnris by its motathoraclc
erect spines, but the forms aro (juite din'ercnt; the post-.scutel i.s
not tran.svcrsely truncate; tlio aljilonien is more cylindrical; and
it is the Kst segment which is the most strongly j)unctate, just
the contrary" of what oiipeara in scute.llaris ; the head is more
rounded, more convex; the metathorax moro excavated, but its
concavity is snmller; the livery is quite dilTercut.

Hah. Brazil, Para.

B. Metathorax truncate, excavated; svpcrinrhj n^arginrd hj an
arcuate rulge, rather crenulate, separated on eack side from
post-seulel by a fissure.

113. O. Araiicaniis SAUrss,— Parvnlna, niger, gracillimus, cribri in-
star punctatus ; pronoto valde angnlato ; metanoto superne cristulato ;
liuea scapi, puucto fruiitali et subalari, tc^^uhuuin marginibus, litura
angusta pronuti margiulB aiitiui et podt-scutelli, uuo uou fasciis 2 abdo-
minis, albidis. 9'

Odyn. Araucdnus Sacss. Reiae. Oester. Fregatte, Novara. Hymenop. 14,
13,flg. 8, 9.

Total l«ngih, 8 mm. ; wing, 5 mm.

9 . Small, slender, cylindrical ; head and thorax densely punc-
tate; abdomen rather more finely punctate. Head excavated
posteriorly. Prothorax having its angles very sharp. Meta-
thorax almost vertically truncate, rugose on its superior part;
its hinder face much excavated ; the excavation almost polished,

OPYNERUS.

•^n

nonrly forming on ouch side a sort of nnglc, acutely nmr<rifmtc
superiorly in un arc of ii circle; the iniirj^in ronu'li, slightly
elevated l)eliin(l tlic post-senlel,' creiiiilute, separatid from post-
scutel l)y a lissuro. Alxionieii cylindrical; tho lirnt tsc^juieiit
rather elongate, anteriorly rounded-tnincato.

IJlack, shining; mandibles, apex of tho tarsi, and antcnnic
beneath, fcrrugiin)us ; a lino on tlie scape beneath, a frontal and
l>ost-<)cular spot, anterior nnirgin of pnjthorax, two spots on the
nuirgin of tho tcgnlu;, post-leguke, one or two spots under tho
wings, a lino Xtu i ost-scutol, and tho margin (jf tlio hrst two abdo-
minal segments, lutcous. Foot black, AVings sub' yalino, tho
nerves brown.

idc.N'.s. a. (Jiff. — It much rosomblos AncUlr. scabriunvulua, but l.s
distinct by its abdomen, without suture.

Hub. Chili (Musoum of Viouna).

lop. 14,

punc-

avated

Mota-

part ;

11 shed,

C. Form vot very alendor. M'iothorax 'produced horizonlaUij
brijond the poKl-sculfl ; tluui Vi'rliculbj truncate; the j)U{i('
Hcutcl quite cncclopcd b>/ it poderiorhj, not reach ing up to
the cd(je of the posterior face of mdulhorax ; the poderior
face of metathorax auperiurbj icn.iinaliiKj in an creel crest,
imrledby a fismre. Vertex in 9 haviwj two pilose tubercles.

This type is in tho Stenodi/ncrus, the corresponding represen-
tative of the type of A. i-seclus, in the Slenancistrocerus. It
has also the metathorax prolonged and tho vertex nrmed with
two piloso tubercles. IJut tho aljdomon, although polished in the
same way, is much contracted at base.

114. O. luctuosiis Sacp!'.— Validus, ater, nigopns, nigro pilosus ;
clypeuii piiiforuiis, paulum punctatu.s, apice piviilum emarginalus, l)i-
(tentatus. Caput et thorax crasse puuutata, rugosissime secuiidiiiu
loiigitudinem elevato-stiigata; vertice cirria 2 pilorum iiigronim iii-
etructo, pronoto ciistato-iuaigiiiato, aiigulato ; scutello lievi, nitido,
sparse punctate; post-stuitello depresso, iutegro; uietatliorace nigo-
sissimo, transverse elevato-striato, iieo uou utrinque sulitus aicuato-
strigato, velutiuo et longe uigro- vel cinereo-piloso, pone post-scutellum
producto, dein truncato ; postice tautuiu iu medio foveolato, grosse
strigato; sed iu sumuio, supra foveolam in cristulani producto, trans-
versam crenatam, in medio divisain. Abdomen nitidissimum, sparse
punctatum ; priuio segmento Ijasi truncato valde angnstiore quaui se-
cundum; sec undo supra in tuberculuiu tumuscente. — Linea mandibu-
laruui, maculae 2 laterales ulypei, linea in anteunarum scapo et maoulau.

312

IIYMEXOPTERA OF AMEUICA.

[part I,

2 niagnjc in basi seenndi abdominis segiuenti, albidsB. Alio uigro-
violaceae. — Longit. 20 luui. ; alse, 17 mm.

Odijn. luctnosus Sauss. Et. Vespid. Ill, 220, 114 (1854).

This Odyncrus has many characters in common with the O.
i-fiecti(s ; tubercle of 2d segment (here much m ro dcvehiped) ;
form of clyi)eus, brush of vertex, superior termination of meta-
tliorax ; but it dilfers from it by the strong rugosities, by the form
of the strite of the head and thorax, and by its metathorax wliieli
offers no trace of latero-superior ridges, so that the lateral ridges
are continued with the inferior ridges, in forming lateral trenchant,
but not acute angles.

The first abdominal segment is n little funnel-shaped, truneato.
The inaxilliiry palpi have the 2d article long and slender, and the
last three (juite small, allhotigh longer taken together than the .3d.

The two spots of the abdomen might cause this Odynerus to
be taken for the O. bidcns, if its form and punctuation were not
wholly diilerent.

Ilab. America. Which part, not known.

II. 3Ictathorax not forming crcri spines or crrstn behind (he
post-scutd. lis superior face not produced behind (he jmst'
scutel. litis lad not pottteriorli/ truncate, but anjular.
Post-scutel (jenerally yellow, scutel usually black'.

The great number o'" species composing this grf)up, and the
intimate relations which they Lear to each other, make me
doubtful of my success in defining them with certainty — The
species are all of moderate or small size.

1. Bod\i slender, cylindrical. Concavity of the me(a(horax
wide, sometimes rather di.'^dncdy liniiled. Fird abdominal
segnu^nt bell-.<haped, rather elomjaie, widely rounded ante-
riorly, xessile, or subsessile. Thorax rather elouyate,
vaulted, subcylindrival.

(Group of 0. cotijormis.)

This group represents the true Htenodynerus with elongate,
slender, cylindrical forms Among the Stenancidrocerus this
has quite a corresponding facies in the group oi A.fulvijies, so that
one may find it difficult to distinguish some of the corresponding

*>|IVNKIIUS.

3 1 ;{

species of both series. Thus 0. vayns scoiiis nearly of a form
with A. fuhriix's, iu which the suture of the lirat abd. segment
sliould disappear.

A. Metathorax dightly prolonged under (he posl-scufel beijond
it, being truniate before;' its coneavitij margined icilh
i^harj) edgeti, neai'ly ungulate on each aide.

a. Ahfhiiien slender, cylindrical ; first segment as wide as the second, Bodif

velvety.

115. O. Enyo— Gracilis, elongatus et angnatufl, or ..i; > velutinns ;
clypeo 9 piriformi, puuotato, apice biaugulato ; capit «;t tuorice grosse
cribratis ; proiioto biangulato ; metaiioto graimloso, pn ' po t-,jcutelliun
foveolato-truncato ; ejus foveola rotundata margiuibus arcuati.s, liebet
atis pnnctatisque circuoidatrk ; cautbis inferis utrinque dente duplice
instructia ; abdomine vaiiJe tlongato, angusto ; dense punotato et velu-
tiiio; priino segmento magno, eloiigato, basi truncato, supra fere pariter
loiigo qiiain lato, grossa cribrato et iu longitudinem per canalic.nlum
ob.-olHtutn partito. — Niger ; ore, capite abdoiniiiisque segmeutis 3-G,
obscure ferrugineis ; clypeo, thoraco et abd. secundo segmento iiigris ;
teguli;}, post-.scutello, inetanoto, abdomiui.i priino segmento et per'.ibus,
aurantiis;auteunis aurantiis ; basiferrugineia ; alia Uavis, parte apicali
nigra. Longit. 12 mm.

%. Minor; metanoti cantbis paulo distinctioribus macula frontali et
clypeo, flavis ; hoc angusto polygonal), bidentato; aatennls uncinatis,
aurantiis.

Odyn. Enyo Lep. St. Faro. Hymrn. II, 648, 33 (1841),— Sahps. Et.

Vespid. I, J85, 81.— Sacjra's Hist, de Cuba, Ina. 770.— Chbsson,

Philad. Entom. Proceed. IV, 1805, 1G5.
Odyn. eleijans (iOEK. Icon. Regu. Auim. Ins. 44t), pi. 72, fig. 5 (1842).

Hub. Cuba.

B. Metathorax scarcely, or not distinctly produced tinder
the post'Scutel, beyond it.

a. Ahdomen elonynte, cylindrical, with the Ist segment as icide as the 2il,
d'jiigate, or oroid-elongatP with the 1st segment a little narrower, rounded.

* Thf Itit and 2d aMominal segments each ailnrned irith two yellow ttpots, or/oKcue
beMiie thi'ir miirgtniil /ii>iH<i.

iCiservation.—Thvise spots are often wanting, particularly in O. tohtcns.)

' Tbis type Audi in the Stenancislrocerua ita correaponding type iu
Stenanc. hitirio.

314

IIYMENOI'TEBA OF i?> MEIlirA.

[part I.

/.->

/

1 1<>. O. vagus S'auss. — Kloiigatus, g.-aeilis, piinotatissimus ; llavo-
vaiiei;aturi ; alxlomiiiiH seguiKiitia 1-2, .'el 1-4, llavo-limbatis ; primo
insiiper fascia internipta flava*, secuuio puuctis 'I liberia liavif), luar-
gine subcaualioulato, crassius punctate, 9-

^jL

C )l HI iilL

f

(Jdijn. vagus Sauss. Ueviie et Mag. de ilool. IX, 1857, 277, J.
Total length, 11-12 mm. ; wing, 5) mm.

Ol

ei

>

9. The whole insect coarsely punctured. Head wider than
hijrli. Clypeus inriform, suljbidentiite. rrolhora.\ slightly
aiigulate. Metathorax not very rugose superiorly, presenting on
each side of post-scutel a little flat i)lace; its posterior lace
excavated, but the Ibssette not margined by ridges ; the margins
(juite rounded and rugose. First abdominal segment rounded
anteriorly, cribrose with coar.se punctures, which continue at sdiuo
distance on the anterior face; 2d segment very little wider ilian
the first, quite cril)rose with punctures, not quite so coarse as on
the first segment, except on the margin, wheie they become just
as coarse; the margin is also very slightly caaaliculate. Beneath,
the '2d and .'3d segments are cribrose with large punctures, which
are variable or effaced.

IJlack. Antenna) black, with a yellow lino on the scape. An
arcuate line on the summit of clypeus, a macula at base of man-
dibles, a frontal spot, a spot on the sinus of the eyes, and a post-
ocular line, yellow. Two spots on ])rothorax (or a submarginal
interrupted bi-arcuate band), a spot under the wing, tegulaj, and
their appendix, a band on the post-scutel, and the edges of meta-
tliorax, bright yellow. Tlie 3d-4th abdominal segments narrowly
margined with yellow, the 2d more broadly; the 1st segment
adorned in addition with two oblique lateral lines (or an inter-
rupted transverse fascia on its middle, near the base), and the 2d
with two lateral yellow or rufous spots. The margin of the first
wider in the middle, narrower on the side.

Legs black: knees, tibiae, and tarsi yellow or ferrugin jus.
Wings subhyaline or smoky.

Var. a. Clypeus black, with two yellow dots on its summit and
often two at its apex, or yellow, with a black triangle.

b. All the abdominal segments margined with yellow.

0. Only the first two segments margined with yellow.

d. The edge of 2d segment u little rellexed.

\q Vc vva I

i

0DYNERU8.

315

e. The yellow maculfl3 of metathorax quite variable, forming
two Hues or fuur spots, or only marking the inferior edges.

/. A yellow siK)t on the niesothorax Ijeforo the seutel.

g. Prothorax with a eoni}>lete yellow margin or with four spots.

h. The spots on the 2d segment very small (or wanting?).

i. Ornaments passing into ferruginous.

%. Unknown.

^t-.s.-,-. a. diff. — This species has quite the appearance of Anriff-
troceras fulvipvs and ssecnlarU, although without suture on the
1st segment. But these two species must not be taken as acci-
dental varieties of the same. O. vagus has the thorax not so
cylindrical, shorter, a little wider anteriorly, and in the middle,
narrower behind; the 1st abdominal segment is more rounded,
more depressed at base ; the 2d segment is also a little wider,
which makes the abdomen not so cylindrical ; the whole insect is
not so coarsely punctured in vagus, especially on the clypeus ;
and the 2d segment is more finely punctured than the 1st, while
in fuldpes and sseculari><, the clypeus and 2d segments are
generally as coarsely punctured as the rest, although there exist
some differences in the various specimens. It greatly resembles
O. oculatus in its livery, but the 1st abdominal segment is larger,
with more elongate yellow linc!^, not spots, etc. — It approximate^
still more to 0. conformi>i (Comp. this species).

Hab. United States, New York (K. Norton), Illinois (B. D
Walsh), Tennessee (E. F. Falconnet). ^'^

/

X

/

/A 7

111. O. conformis SArss.— O. vago simillimiis, at minor, gracilior, J,, , ^^ /,<,/'/. '

magis cyliiidriiii8, crassius punctatun ; clypeo 9 cras-sissiine cribrato-
punctato, metaiioto valilH nigoso, primo abdominis seguiento ba.si tniu-
cato. in cantho rngoso ; 20 seginnnto crassius punctato, margine lugo-
sissimo, reflexo ; iiig«T, flavo-vari»»gatus ; clypeo flavo-4-punotato, vhI '■'■
fascia ant lineolis 2 tlavis ; abdomiiiis segmentis lO, 2° solia flavo-iiiar-
ginauB, l^utriuquf uisuperfaatiaobliqua, 2- utrinque macula flava. J.

Odyu amformis Sapss. Et. Vespid. Ill, 219, 112, 9 var. (1854).

Total length, 10 mm. ; wing, 7 mm.

5 . A species quite approximating to O. vagus, but smaller,
more skndtir, more eloiigate, <|uite eylindrieal, and the first abd.
seirment lonecr than wide. The punctures co.irse ; the ornaments
HMrty idK M«e. — This sspecies still more resembles the 0. ful-
vipe*; i\ has much of its elongate-cylindrical form and rugose

^

f-t'

'-J

llcl^W^-

1

^Km

816

IIYMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

punctures, but the 1st abdomiual segment has no suture and is
smaller.

Head orl)icuIar or even higher than wide; the antenna) inserted
almost below its middle. Clypous shining, very coarsely cribrosc.
Head and thorax coarsely punctate; nietathorax a little elongate,
very rough ; its concavity deep ; the upper checks more convex
and prominent than in vagus; the lateral ridges not so much
pronounced. Abdomen elongate and cylindrical, very coarsely
punctured, especially the edge of the 2d 8eg;nent, which is rather
strongly reflexcd; the flrst segment truncate at base, not so much
rounded as in 0. vagus, forming a transverse rugose edge ; the
rugosities sometimes resembling a vestige of a suture.

The livery is just the same as in O. vagus, but the segments
3-5 of the abdomen have no yellow margin ; the clypeus generally
has two yellow lines near the top and the disk of metathorax a
basal yellow spot, la the southern provinces the wings become
rather cloudy.

%. Unknown.

Eess. a. diff. — This should bo compared with 0. pedestris,
perennis, Kfuyncotianus, and anormis.

Hab. The United States, New York (E. Norton), Tennessee
(Fuchs).

lis. O. Toltecns Sacss. — Niger, gracilis, cylindrica8,cr.i9sepnnctatu3,
fulvo-pittus ; abdoiuiiiis segiiieiitis 1°, 20 flavo-liuibatis, utrinquo flavo-
bipmictatis ; seciiTidi inargine uiaxime caualiculato, uaxime redexo.—
% vertioe tuberculato.

Odyn. Tollecun Sacss. Revue et Mag. de Zool. IX, 1857, 277.

Total length, 10 lum. ; Tviiig, 7 mm.

Form as in 0. vagus. Body elongate, slender, and cylindrical.

Head orbicular. Clypeus finely punctured, pyriform, termi-
nat'-d Ity a very small edge. Thorax elongate, convex; prothorax
slifrhtly angnlate ; post-scutel slightly carinated transversely.
Metathorax narrow, excavated; the cavity strongly punctured,
margined hiforiorly by two little converging carinoe ; the edges
rounded, not sharp superiorly. The upper lateral spine of the
articulation elongate; the inferior one triangular on the nmrgin
of the articular cavity, llend, thorax, and first segment of the
abdomen, cribrose with coarse punctures; the following segments

oi)Ynek:s.

317

more finely punctured. Abdunon cylindrical, the first soifiiicnt
in I'orni of an eluMf^ale bell, as wide as tlie second, rounded ante-
riorly, with a feeble depression above; the second constricted at
base; its posterior edj?e very deeply and sudtlenly caiudiciilate,
with its margin very strongly redexed, like an erect lamella; the
very deep channel very coarsely punctured. The other segments
finely punctured, not redexed.

Black. A ferruginous spot at l)ase of the antenna? ; a frontal
t^pot, a dot in the sinus of the eyes at a post-ocular spot, a.sul)-
niarginal fascia on the anterior edge of the prothorax, a spot
under the wing, nuirgin of teguhu, a spot on niesothorax before
the scutel, post-scutel, and inferior edges of metathorax, dull
ferruginous or yellowish. The first two abdominal segments
margined with a regular yellow band, and adorned near the base,
each with two lateral yellow or ferruginous spots ; the spots of
the first segment a little obliiiuc. Feet black; knees and tarsi
beneath ferruginous, or yellowish. "NVings subhyaline, nerves
fuscous.

Var. a. Prothorax with only two yellow spots ; disk of nieso-
thorax not spotted.

b. The free spots of the 1st and 2d segments of the abdomen
wanting.

%. Smaller. Tertex having a large double tubercle; this is
flattened and polished, parted by a groove. C'lypeus polygonal,
longer than wide, yellow, terminated Ity two acute teeth. Scape
of antenna} beneath, inner orl)its and frontal spot, yellow. Hook
of the antenna! black. Mandil)les with a yellow line. Second
abdominal segment slightly swelled; the free spots of the first
two segments often wanting in the small specimens, especially
those of the 2d segment. Tilna; and tarsi yellowisl'.-ferruginous.
Metathorax generally black, except the valves of the articnlatioii.

Var. In small specimens the tubercles of the vertex are (luile
obsolete. — The males are sometimes very small. Length, 7 mm. ;
wing, 5 mm.

licss. a. iliff. — This species has intermediate forms between O.
rnrjus and O. conformii^ ; it is a little nnu'e elongate and slender
than the first; a little less than the second. It is very neatly
characterized by the strong ditferenee of form of its 2d al)d. seg-
ment, the edge of which is extraordinarily deeply and narrowly
canaliculated as in no other species, except Aiw id rover us Aridse;

318

HYMKNOPTERA OF AMKKIPA.

[part I.

Ir.i'

?M

1

the marjrin being quite a high crest. In O. conformis it is only
slightly roflexed and a little eaiuilieulated, l)ut not making a sliarp
deep channel as in O. Bravo. The tubercle of the head of tlie
males is also very characteristic. (We notice that such are found
in other species with strong canaliculate 2d segment as Ancistro-
cerus luberculiccps.)

f/ab. The temperate Mexico. I caught 13 specimens in the
valleys of the Sierra Madre and near Mextitlan.

119, O. anormis Say. — Niger, valde punctatus, abdominis 20 seg-
lUtiuto satis elongato, luargiue fortius puuctato ; priino ciipuliforini ;
capitis puiictis, pronoti margine antico, tegulis, macula aubalari, post-
scutello, metanoti aiigulis, abdominis segmentorum limbo, neo iion
secundi maculis 2, aavis.— 'J. Clypeo, maudibulis, anteuuis subtus,
flavis.

Eumenes annrmis^ Sat, Long's 2d Exped. 1824, Append. 78 (11, 346, 3),

9 (non ^).— Say's Eiuomol. (Lb Conte), I, 234, 3 J (nou ^).—

Sauss. Et. Vespid. I, 232; III, 340, 225.
Odyn. anormis Say, Boston Journ. I, 1837, 387, 5.— Say's Eutomol. (Lb

Contb), II, 767; 5.
Rhjnchium anorme Sadss. Et. Vespid. Ill, 184.
Oilyn. oculalus Sat, Boston Journ. I, 1837, 385, 2 'J . — Say's Entomol.

Lb Conte), II, 766, 2. — Sauss. Et. Vespid. I, 219, 113, ^. — Cuesso.v

Amer. Ent. Trans. I, 1867, 387, 23.
Odyn. persecutor Sauss. Et. Vespid. Ill, 256, 133, pi. xiv, fig. 1, J « (1854).

.Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 7^ mm.

Pronotum wide, its angles sharp; post-scutel not elevated;
metathorax having its lateral ridges sharp, but its cavity not
bordered by sharp edges, nor with well-defined limits. Abdomen
ovalo-conical ; its first segment cup-shaped, not so wide as the

* There can be no doubt, whatever, about the identity of this spncies
with 0. oculatus 9) >t being very well described by Say. He called it
atwnnis, because it has not the form of Eumenes, and he only classed it in
this penus because of the similar structure of its mouth, being unaware
that these two genera are not tn be separately distinguished by the mouth.
And further he says (Bost. Journ.), " It is like the Oculatus Say.' Besides,
he took his female specimen for a male, which made him find si oae differ-
ence from Oculatus, which was described from a male.

* In some copies the antennae have been painted all yellow, by nn.<take.
The yellow color ia only to be seen beneath when developed uud^^r the
flagellum.

ODYNERUS.

319

seg.

2d; It is longer than wide. The whole insect strongly puiictiiml ;
the thorax roughly punctured; tiie edge of the 2d segment having
a line of strong punctures beneath, as well us oij the dorsal side.

Black; a spot on the forehead, inner border of the orbits, a dot
behind each eye ; an interrupted border on the anterior -dge of
prothorax, a spot under the wing, post-scutel, teguhe, and po ^ •
teguhc, and the ridges of nietathorax, yellow; the tegulaj with a
brown spot; all the segments of the abdomen bordered with
yellow, the first fascia fused with a lateral spot ; the 2d segment
adorned on each side with a clear yellow spot; beneath l)iack ;
feet black at base ; knees, tibia;, and tarsi yellow. Wings hyaline,
nerves brown, with a brown cloud in the radial cell.

% . Clypeus very slightly cmarginate, yellow ; mandibles and
antenna) beneath, yellow. Femora and coxa; anteriorly yellow.

liess. a. diff. — Very closely allied to 0. vonformis, but not as
cylindrical. — Compare also thv; following species.

Bab. North America. Baltimore, Ohio, New York, Con-
necticut (E. Norton), Illinois (B. D. Walsh), Missouri (Say),
New- Mexico.

120. O. Toas Crbsson.— Niger ; clypei summi fascia, pnnctig capitis,
scapi fascia, pronoti niaculis 2, tegulis, macula subalari, post-scutello,
macnlis 2 nietanoti, abdominis segmentornm limbo, neo uou maculis 2
basalibus 2' ct maculis 2 confluentibus primi, albiilis ; secuudo seg-
mento margine reflexo ; pedibus rulis, genibus tlavidis.

Oili/n. Toas Cbesson, Amer. Ent. Trans. I, 1867, 381, 24.

Total length, 4 lin.

9. Black, densely and deeply punctured; a lunate line at base
of clypeus, spot at base of mandibles, another above insertion of
antenna;, another in the emargination of eyes, and a short line on
posterior orbits, pale yellowish-white ; clypeus with longitudinal
punctures, narrowed at tip, which is subemarginate; apical half
of mandibles ferruginous ; palpi pale ; antennae with the scape
whitish on the outside; two transverse spots on prothorax,
tegula;, except a dusky medial dot, a large spot beneath and a
small spot behind tegula;, post-scutellum, and a transverse mark
on each side of metathorax, pale yellowish-white ; metathorax
rugulose, truncate, and subexcavate behind. Apical margin of
all the abdominal segments, except the last, yellowish (that on
the basal segment confluent, with a lateral subtriangular spot;
that on the second sinuous anteriorly), and sub-basal, transverse

830

IIYMENOl'TERA OF AMEUICA.

[part I.

spot on each side of socond segnii'iit, pale yellowish-white; ai)i('ul
ninrj^in of latter segment roOexetl ; the seeoiul segnient beneath,
with a yellowish apieal margin and the third with a lateral spot
of the same color. Legs ferruginous; eoxaj and part of tro-
chanters, black; tips of femora and base of tibiic, yellowish.
"Wings suljliyaline, dusky along the costa, stiguia and costal
nerve reddish-brown.

%. Clypeus, upper surface of mandibles, a line between
antenna), dilateu and sub-bilobed above, and the anterior orbits,
ul:::''-t, tilling up the emaigiiuition, but not extending above it,
yellowish-white ; the clypeus smooth and emarginate at tip ; the
antenniu black above, the scape yellowish-white beneath, the
flageUum fulvous beneath ; the apieal joint gradually thickened,
the eleventh joint eniarginate beneath ; the next suddenly
snmller, and the apical joint hooked and subacute; the lateral
spots on first and socond segments of abdomen snuillcr and more
oblicpic ; beneath, the third aogmeut has au entire apical yellowish
margin.

liess. a. (liff. — This Gc-cms to be very closely allied to 0.
anormis, from which it difl'ers by its pale, whitish ornaments, and
the reflcxed margin of 2d segment.

llab. New MexiiL'o. (Museum of the Am. Ent. See. of Phila-
delphia.)

I do not know this species, and I cannot be perfectly sure of
having assigned it the right position.

121. O. COllega Sai'ss. — 0. anormi affiniKi'miis, at minor; differt
insnper nietaiioti foveola punctata, veUitina ; ma ginibns rotiuulatis ;
clypeo '^ latioreqnam lonpiore, longe bidentato, dentibna spiniforniilius,
distantibus. Niger; clypeo {%), puncto fiontali et post-ocul.iri, orbitis
iiitt'iiiis, Hcipo .subtus, pionoti fascia niinuta submarginali,post-s(.'iitello,
abdominis segiuentorum 1', 2' niargine pnnctoque minuto ntiinqiie
prinii s^gmenti, llavis vel fulvis ; tnandibulis, tegulis pedibusque ferru-
giiieis ; alis infuniatis, violascentibns, %.

Otlijn. collega Sacss. Rev. de Zool. XXII, 1870, 61, 21, %.
Total length, 12 mm. ; wing, 8.5 mm.

?.?

%. Quite approximating to 0. oculalus. But the size is a
little larger; .% as large as 0. anormis 9; the punctuation is
stronger, as strong or stronger than in anormis V, except on the
raetathorax, which is less rugose, velutinous. The excavation

ODYNEllUS,

3-21

of motfttlinrnx small, roiiiidcd, with cdnjcs (piito ruuiidrd as in ().
jiri>iniiijinif<. Tii<.' iid sc^'iiiciit is whortei", with its iiiar^'iiial zuiu'
iiiori! t'oarst'ly puiK.'tiirt'd and the (.-dfyo iiKirt' rt'llcxcd.

The livory is the saiiic, hut the prothorax lias a wiivcd siil)-
niargiiial yellow or fnlvous fascia; no spot under the wiriu", tejiuhe
ferruginous. Segments 1-2 luargiiu'd witli yellow; 3 and 4 very
ohsoletcly tipped with fulvous ; the first segment adorned with
two very small lateral fulvous spots; the 2(1 without such spots.
Feet ferruginous; at I)ase hlaek. "Wings smoky, rather irideseent.

Clypeus {%) transverse, wider tlian lung, yellow, ternunated
l)y two long si)incs separated Ijy a semicircular notch. Mandibles
ferruginous, partly yellow.

Vur.? Two small sjjots on the 2d segment.

i?«.s\s. a. iliff. — It has the same form of abdomen as in 0. Xrtn-
iianitti, from which it differH Jiy its 2d segment, more sweilcd,
boll-shaped, with a iittlo rellexed edge. It is larger than O.
2^edextriH, jyerc.nnis, etc., and is especially distinguished by the
form of its elyi)eu,s, short and long-si»ined.

llab. New England. Connecticut ( IC. Norton).

Obiter vat ion. — 'Wo are in possession of a % specim(>n nearly
identical with the described type, having the first two segments
adorned with very snnill lateral spots (probably liable to be
wanting), but the clypeus is triangular, more elongate, terminated
l)y two long spines s<'par:ited by a narrower deep notch. — Is it
another species? (New York).

y

** Only the second abdmidnnl gfgment oiiornrd irith tiro yiHoto tpots whieh are often
U'untiny, 2/rui<;i/nilli/ in the iiiiilen.

Ohsei-vation.—As in the preceding ppccie.t, the spots of first cegraent are
often wanting, and one uiu3t coMipaie aiso the species of Si3ction *.

122. O. bacuensis Sauss. (Fig. 28, 28rt.)— Niger, crasse-punctatns,
flavo-niultipictns; nietaiioto ntrinque hand angalato, foveola crasse
punctata, siiperne infra scutellnin canthis angulatis aontis teniiiuiita ;
?P abd. segmentotenuiter pnnctato ; elypt^n, antcnnis basi, capitis niacu-
lis, pronoto antice, tegulis, niacnla snhalari, post-scutello, nietanoti
lateribus, tegnlis, pedibus, al)d<iininis jegnn ntornm 1', 2', 4', 5' margine
et ano, tlavis; 2^ segmento iusuper utrimiue macula Hava , alis subfer-
ragineis apice nebulosis.

Odyn. hacu. Sauss. Et. Vespid. I, 185, 80 (1352).— 0. hnmensis Sacss.
Ibid. Ill, 232.— Cresson, Hymen, of Cuba, Proc. Ent. Soc, Philad.,
iV, 1805, 1)4.

Total length, 9 mm. ; V7ing, G mm.
21

322

IIYMKNOI'TKUA OF AMKIllCA.

[I'AIIT I.

II

Slendor. llcnd ami thorax coaisely crilirosc. ProtliDrax
slif^litly contracted and arif^nlatc. I'ost-Hcutol wliort, liuving no
ridge, hut it.s posterior part receding ha"lvvvard making for it a
sort of hinder face. Metathorax a little produced backward
beneath the post-scutel and sharply truncate vertically. Its
hinder face excavated, coarsely cribrosc; tlu; concavity margined
superiorly by an aiigulatud edge under the post-acutel; no lateral
angles.

First abdominal segment bell-slmped, anteriorly rounded-trun-
cate, (juitc coarsely punctured, anteriorly roughened, reticulate;
second segment very little wider than the first, shallovvly and
more fuiely pum.'tur<!d.

IJlack. ^Mandibles rufous. Antonnaj orange; the scape yellow
anteriorly, extremity of flagellum black. Clypcus, a triangle on
the forehead, inner orbits of the eyes, and a macula behind them,
yel'ow.

Antenna* yellow at base (probably l)l(i' k at tip?). Anterior
part of metathorax yellow. First <gnient of the abdomen yellow
above, with a tridentate black emargination. Second segment
broadly margined with yellow and ad<»rned with two free yellow
spots. Segments 4, 5 above with an incomplete yellow fascia.
A IS yellow. Feet yellow, or part ly ferruginous, coxa; black or
spotted with ferruginous. Wings washed with ferruginous ; the
apex cloudy; the radial cell with a brown cloud.

?. Clypeus j»yriform, its apex slightly truncate, excavated.

%. Clypeus slightly bidentatc, yellow; mandibles yellow.

EctiK. a. diff. — Thi.^ much ornamented species is characterized
by the peculiar form of its metatlmrax ; its livery recalls various
species of the Antilles: such as 0. apeciabilu, which is distinct
by its strongly angulated metathorax; Ancisfrorerus Pjcyi and
ohUquus, both distinguished by the abdominal suture ; 0. cubensis,
distinct by its conical alxlomcn, !iot slender cylindrical-o'-''te a?
in 0. bacuaniiix, and by its metathorax truncate on the same \... e
with the post-scutel, etc.

Ilab. Cuba. 1 9 sent to niejby Dr. Gundlach.

1S3. O. pedestrls Skvsn. (Fig. 22, 22a.)— 0. conformi 8imillimus,at
primo abdominis segmento minore, utrioque imiuaoalato.

/ ^

1. 5/UL Jj^f^H'i^^j

Nl^yOJT

Cf

\{k

the

• 3

I

OPYNERLS.

0<lijii./ii»rii.fsf Saubh. Et. Vhsi,;.1. I, 143, 28 (1S52).
Odyn. pfdeslrin Havsh. Ibid. Ill, 14J, 28, % (1^^J4),
C/(/yn. ^ ojtiiHH* Uaihh. Uevuu tie Zuul., IX, la57, 274.

9- Total l«Migtli, .M mm.; wing, 8 iiira.
^. Tutal It^iigtli, ii aim. ; wing, 7 tuui.

1 '^' /

;/w,V

1. ' I —

9. Form ns in O. coufonnU, or a little less elongate, but
rntlier more Icfigtliciicil tliiin in (>. vayun, Cl)'puus cribrosc with
largo imuctures. Iliad circulur, strongly iJtincturcd, as is uIm) tlio
tliora.\; mclulliorax not so roughly piiiirtunxl, vclutinoiirt ; its
concavity .superiorly margined with rugosities. First alxlomiiial
segment .strongly puiictured, slightly elongate, becoming more
rugose anteriorly. Second ."segment not a.s strongly punctured,
elongate, eonstrreted ut l)a.se ; its margin coarsely punctured, a
little canaliculate.

Black, shining; pcapo beneath, a spot on the niandiI)los, a
frontal dot, two spots or an arcuate line on the summit of tlie
dypeus, a post-ocular .spot and a spot in the sinus of the eyes, an
interrupted band or two maeuloj on the prothora.x, a spot under
the wing, another before the scutel, post-scutel, and inferior edges
of metalhorax, yellow. Tegulie ferruginens, spotted with yellow
Abdominal seguK'nt.s 1-4 regularly margined with yellow; the 2d
adorned with two ■%cparatc yellow spots near the base. Knees,
tibite, and tarsi, yellow.

Var. a. No yellow spots on the disk of mesothorax.

h. Oidy the segments 1-2 margined with yellow ; motathorax
immaculate.

c. Segments 3-4 partly margined with yellow.

d. Mctathorax more rounded.

e. Two very small free spots on the 1st segment.

%. Clypeus polygonal, a little bidentate, as broad as long,
yellow; inner orbits yellow. Ilook of antennsc black. 1)1' *"
mesothorax and metathorax generally quite black. Margiu of
2d segment often more reflexed.

Var. The tip of elypeus black ; spots of the 2d segment very
small.

liens, a. diff. — This may be a mere variety of 0. confnrmiaJ.
The same size, same punctures, same livery, except the two
oblique yellow lines of the first segment, which are wanting.

Tljis name had been previously employed by Herrich-Sobmffer

324

IIYMKNdl'TKKA OF AMK.lllCA.

[J'AIIT r.

Slill I riiid a iliilVniicc, l>t, in the inriii of tlic lii'ud, not so
circi'.lar, 11 litllf l)ruu(|ci', giviii}^ ji uiioilicr aitpt'iuaiu-L'; Jtl, in tlx;
1st uIhI. sct^inciit, evidently sniu!lt>r, not so hnnul nt its linHo,
Itiil a littic! more riinnt'l->iiii|MMl, i little ijepre.sj-ed, u littler lonjrer,
nol (|uite tin seHriile. This lieconies very cvitlent when the uIhIm-
Mien is bent ddwnward.s.' It is also not (juite us wide as tlie 2(1
eegnient ; tins liuing longer than \ii coiij'onnin and a little eon-
biricted at base, to lit intu tiiu 1st ui-gniunt.

'I'lioso charaetei's of the abdoiueu eecni to uw to indicate a
Kpecica tlillereiit (Voni (). conformin, but wliieli can only be dis-
tinguished by a very experienced eye. — I can only compare thu
females, the male of 0. roiiformin being unknown to me. C'oni-
l)are O, J'nuisi/li-diiicnft.

Jliih. The I'niieil States. Xcw York, 2 ?, ^ t, taken by mo.
Conutctieut, J) 9, (i ^ (K. Norton).

1S4* O. XantlliailllS Sacsh. 9. — Niger, clypeo puiictato, thnrncH
laivi, iaipunctiittt; niftaiuito nolo rui^o.-*!) ; posl-scatfllo tifin.s verse olilaso
cristato ; niutathor.iuis fovuola su])uriie suljnoafe inari;iiiatii ; aluloniiiiu
puiictato; Heciiiidi HHt;iiieiiH liiica niargiiiali crasse piinotnta ; tertio in
nifidio pcrrugostj puiictato; reliijui.s ttiiniiter puiictati.s ; ticapo aiitice,
puiicto raaiKlibuiaruni, fioiitali, ociilari et post-ouulaii, fasciaiiuo arcuata
in .suiinno dypen, uiaualiri 2 ol)li(iuiti pronoti, macula suliaiari, post-
Hcutullo, fasciis 12 uiutanoti, alxlniuiiiid vitti.s 2, inaciilis(jim 2 parvuli.'i
!at^>ralil)U^^ sogint'iitoriini 1', '2\ llavis ; pedibu-s rulis, hUeo-iuaculatia,
basi iiigris ; tegulis rufis, llavo-uiaculatis.

Odyn. Xantianiis Sauss. R«vue tie Zool. XXII, 187<>, 103, 22, J.

Total iHiigth, 11 mm. ; wing, 7.5 mm.

9. Size, forn), livery nearly as in 0. anormis, but differing
from it by tlio following ^-haract'TH. Clypcus a little more
coarsely punctured and more truncate. Thorax smonlh, not
serifiibli/ jntnrfiirrd, except on the upper face of nietathorax.
Scutol parted by a groove. Pcst-scutel elevated into a sort of
blunt crest, flattened behind (seen from behind the edge is arc\iate
or rather trajiezoidal, nearly bi-niamillated). Metathorax having
its superior face a little prolong(!d behind the post-scutcl, includ-
ing it on both sides ; widely truncate ; its hinder face or cxcava-

' Tliis position is a (juite indispensable condition for the good study of
Odijiierus, and should be given to all the specimens.

ODYNEULM.

n2.>

/

r/v

-:/ .

rf-

tinii smoiitli (If a little |>iiiiciiii( il, Miprriorly iiiaiyiin'il liy (iilmust)
uii i(l;rf, iiiiikiii}: ail .M or \\ r<'v<'i>n|.

.\ l)«lt»iiifii hiiviii^ its rn'>i sc^riiit'iit iikhc loiiihlftl, iiiirntwcr
niid u litth; loii.irt'i-; (lie srcmiil hliorl oikI iiioit ,»triiiifrtiliit(il nt
Itasc, to Jit iiiti) ilie lir.'-t, its liiiidt r iuar^?iii willi ii iiiorc ,siiii|il<s
liiK! of iniiirtiiiTs; lilt* iid Mjriiiciit ns cdarscly criliniso in tlio
middle as til*' ('d};i' of tlic L'd, l)iit only in iIh' aiiddlc

Till! ai'ciialo yellow l'a>cia of clyiH-iis wider; llio iiiaculii' of
protliorax nioro ni»i»roxiniati;; tefinla- firrujfiiious, with two y<d-
low spot.s; lateral Hpots of tlio 1st Kcjrineiit (luile siiiall or wtiiitiiijr;
knees, tiliiu', and tarsi fcrnjjrinoiis, spotted with yidlow. Se^iiieiits
J}, 4 very narrowly niarj;ined, the r)th Ijlack. Wiiijfs cloudy.

lU'Hi^. (I. (Iijf. — This speeies irt easy to distinguish by its not
pnnetiired thorax, and elevated post-seutel.

1/ab. Lower Culiforiuu. C'apu 8t. Lueas (T. Xantus).

135. O. KeiiliirotiaiillH Sadsk.— ^'i^'or, niti<hH, luiDitntas, 0. Pvnn-
si/liuiiiiro alHiiis, at luevior; deiisi' ininctataH, iin^tiUioto et iiltil. iniino
st'gineiito f(rot<«« panctatis ; cdrpoiH ulltitlo-vaiii'Kiito ; macula iiian<li- f j^ytj^j( tyy c^
baliiriiiii, clypei, fioiitis ft ocalDiuin, liiii-a in s(;m|h>, laiUMiiis '1 proiinti,
^1 iiu't.'iiKiti, '1 suli;iliiril)us, p(i>l-.si-atelli>, tfgulis uliiloininisijUi! ttegiui'U-
toiaia liaitio, scouaiii pniiuto utrinquu tibiisiiuu, ulliidis ^.

Odijn. Kmnicolianm SAtJ»«». Rev. de Zooi. XXII, 1870, 104, 23.

Total length, 8 una. : wing, fj niiu.

A species allied to O. jicdcsfrix. A little smaller; forms the
snnie; the protliorax also liiiely aii.trnlate, Imt the thorax shorter;
the metathorax a little less retracted and more open, that is, its
cone .vity is a little wider. Alxloinen less leiifrthened, (irst !iv<:-
niciic shorter, cnpuliform, the 2d as wide as lonjr, a little more
dense y and finely punctured. The metathorax and the first
ReguK It shorter, <'rii)ros(! with large punctures, almost a.s in the
0. iterennis. Seutel divided by a loiigitiidiiial groove.

9. Clypeus black. A spot at summit of mandibles, three dots
or an arcuate line on summit of clypeus, a spot on the front,
another in the sinus of the eyes and one behind their summit, a
line on the scape of the antennae, two spots on protliorax, <jiio
under the wing, post-scutel, teguhu, and two spots on the summit
of metathorax, whitish; all the segment of the abdomen adorned
with a white border, wide and regular; the 2d ornamented with

1}

iTH J

*>''

[iy ! I U •

i

326

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part t.

two dots of this color on its sides. Tibiie wliitish, spotted witli
black behind. Wings transparent, ncrvures brown.

Vcn'. No lateral spots on the 2d segment.

licss. a. dijf. — This Odijnerus difl'ers from 0. j/edes(ris and
Pennsi/lvaiucus, by the coarse punctuation of first .sogn)ent, etc. ;
from the O. pe.rennit<, by its thorax, shorter, less strongly i)uiio-
tured than the first segment, by its less elevated head, its loss
prolonged form, etc. ; from the 0. Iej:e7isis, by its less angulate
and less rugose metathorax ; by its first segment more coarsely
and more equally punctured throughout; by the 2d less strongly
punctured, especially along its posterior border, etc. — From all
by its whitish, not yellow ornaments.

Hab. United States. One 9 taken in Illinois by Mr. Robert
Kennicott.

136. O. propinqiius Sauss. — Gracilior, nbique dense pnnctatns,
fulvo-vt'lutinurt, iiuraulio vel lufo variegatun ; pionoto antice et postioe
rufo-liuibato; macula subalari, tegulis, post-seutello, metaiioti cautliis,
segiueiitorum limbo, macula utriiK^uu iu seuuudo Sbgmento pedibusque
ruiia J .

Odyn. propinquus Sauss. Revue de Zoolog. XXII, 1870, 104, 24, J.

Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

$. Very siniilar to O. orulaliis. Ch'pous not po prodncod,
more truncate, very coarsely punctured, very ol).so!elcly bioari-
nato below and biangulatc at tip. An impressed point on the
vertex. Thorax a little narrower. Cavity of the metathorax
rounded, smaller, punctured; its margins cpiite rounded. Abdo-
men more cylindrical, the 2d se&ment not much wider than the
first, as in O. var)tis. The Avhole insect derisely and almost
equally punctured ; the second abdominal segment as strongly
))unotured a.s the 1st, and like the thorax, but its hinder margin
and the 3d more coarsely punctured ; the base of the 2d above
sul)tuberculatc.

IJlack, grayish-velutinous, with a rather fulvous, hairy clothing;
head and metathorax with a grayish reflection. A spot on
mandibles, a fascia on the top of the clypons, a frontal spot, a
dot on the sinus of the eye, and a post-ocular spot, orange or
pale ; antennaj black, joints 1-2 rufous, a little obscure above.
Both edges of prothorax, the anterior with a wide bilobcd i.iter-
rupted fascia, the posterior with a narrow line, a spoc under viie

ODYNEUUS.

327

winp:, post-scutol, rklgos of inctatliorax, toi^juliB, tin- margin of all
the aljiioiniiuil s(,'j.^inoiits, and two froc spots on tlic 2<1 S(■<rnl('n^
orange or brick-rot! ; feet fcrrnginous ; coxie niacniatt' willi fcr-
rnginous. Wings a little nmoky. The rufous margin of the
second segment is wide and regular; tiiat of the lirst fused on
each side with a little spot; the fascia of the last si'gnients some-
times pale or yellow.

Jicss. a. dijl'. — This species Ir noticeahle for its veli'.tinons
body and rufous ornaments; by its 2ii segment as stroi.gly ]»unc-
tured as the 1st, and the thorax, with its margin not hiinnclk'd,
scarcely reflexed at all, which distinguishes it from O. colh'fja.
It differs from (). Xcwtianit!<, by its more cylindrical abdomen,
its 2d segment not short, and post-scutel not elevated.

JJab. Mexico. J caught this species in the " tierras tenipladas,"
South of Mexico.

*** Xn/ree yellow ifpofs on the, first two ahdominnl nfgrncnta.
Ohsevviitiou . — Compare also the Sections * ami **, for tlie varipties
destitute of spots wliich tlio readf r may be iiiclim-d to coufouml with the
species of this group. — Co!up, principally 0. culleija, 0. KennicoUiunus,
(oltecui.

127. O. PennsylvanicllS Saups.— 0. pedatri afflnissinius, gracil-
liuius ; iiiger, piindatus ; fascia scafii. proiioti et alulominis st'tjnipiitonini
1', 2', 4' margins, post-scutello iiiaculaqiie suhalari, tibiid tarsistjue
flavis; tegulis nifis. — 9* Clypeo bidi-ntwto tlavo. '

Odtpi. Pcunsylvunicus Sadss. Kt. Vespid., Ill, 257, 134 (1854). ' ' '

9- Total length, 9 mm.; wing, 7 mm. y'

%. Total length, 8 mm. : wing, G u\m.

Quite approximating to O. pedcutrii^. The size a little smaller;
but the same form, only more slender. Head orbictdar. The
punctures about the same, bui, the clypeus more liiu'ly punc-
tured. The concavity of metnthorax iH)t margined superiorly by
wrinkled rugosities; its summit sooner occuj)ied by reticulate
large punctures. Tlie abdomen very slender, cylindrical; the;
1st segment iiaving the same form as in 0. proximut^, rather
small, elongate, a little depressed, having often merely a vestige
of a suture. The margin of the 2d coarsely jmncturcd, but only
narrowly sulcate, or not at all channelled, only slightly depressed.

9. Black. Clypeus quite black. A spot on the mandibles,
labrum, a line on the scape of the antennie, a spot in the sinus of

'^? 0 ^i^MAd^^^'"^

^

tfX

- \JuU

1

328

IIYMKNDl'TKRA t»F AMERICA.

[part I.

tho eyo, a post-ocular dot, uii interrupted fascia cm tlio prothorax,
a spot under tlio wing, post-sculel and margin of .segments 1, 2,
4, tarsi, and tibiiu, yellow. Tegula) ferruginous; wings subliya-
lino; nerves brown ferruginous; the radial cell smoky.

%. Antenna' ferruginous hi'ueatb; elypeus punctured, poly-
gonal, shortly bidenlate, yellow.

I'ur. a. The yt-llow margin of the 4th segmeut iucomplete.

b. Segments 5, (5 nnirgined with yellow.

c. Tho 3d obsoletely margined.

d. Only two yellow dots on prothorax.

e. Wing scales % black.

/. Anterior tiliiio maculate with black.
(J. Ornaments %, luteous.

h. Clypeus % black on its inferior part. Flagcllum of the
antcJinu) ^ (piitc black. (Tionisiana.)

liens, a. (lijT. — May be a variety of O. pr<lrst7'is?.

JIah. United States. >«ew York, Illinois, Wisconsin, Louisiana.

1*2^. O. pcreilllis Sadss. (Fig. 25.) — Sat ininntus, niger, elong.atus,
gr.ni'ili.-i, crassi.ssiine puiuUiitus, sccainlo segnipiito nngusto, elt)iig:Uo ;
corpore tlavo-variegato ; capite paeiie .altiop* riiiaiu latiore; inetaiioto i-t
alxldiniiiis priiiio scginento grosse foramiuato-puuctatis ; abdomiuis
segnientis 1°, 20 late flavo-marginatis. y^/V I , // '

0</^;i. ;<e;c;i«/s , vuss. Revue Zool., IX, 18!;7, p. 277. ^-^^Jfr^ ^ t /

c^ / iff /^/ I ' '

Total length, 1) nun. ; wings, 7 nun. i^ *' ' "

Form almost precisely as in O. pedestris, but the body more
coarsely punctured.

9. Head a little higher than broad, not .so densely, but more
coarsely punctured. Punctures of elypeus larger. Tlmse of
thora.x very coarse. Tiiosc of nietathorax and the lirst abdominal
segment still larger, very rough. Those of the top of metathorax
somewhat reticidar. First abd. segment n<>t fpiito as wide as
the 2d, rather depressed above. Seeoiid segment yet strongly
punctured, but much less than tho 1st segment; its margin more
coarsely, but not so strongly punctured as the 1st segment, not
canaliculate; its base rather constricted, making it seem almost
tul)erculate.

Black. A spot on mandibles, tho top of clypou.s, scapo
beneath, a frontal spot, a spot in the sinus of tin? eyes and a
post-ocular dot, a wide marginal band ou prothorax and ou tho

ODYNtULti.

y-2y

first two sogmcntri of tlie abdomen, post-sciitol, a spot uikUt tlio
wing, knt'os, tiliiiu, and tarsi, brigiit yellow (of rallicr orangi').
"Wings a little smoky ; teguiu; and their appendix yellow.

Var. Wing scale rufous. — A[)ex of clypens Ua'ruginous.

%. A little smaller. Head as wide as high. Clypeus poly-
gonal, longer than wide, bidentate, yellow; mandibles almost
yellow. Antenna' ferruginous beneath ; In.ok blaek. Interme-
diate eo.xa! yelli)\v before ; posterior coxaj margined with yellow
ou tlio iinu'r l)order.

licfis. a. dif. — Did'ers from 0. pvdctttris by its wide yellow
bands and by the absence of free yellow spots ou the 2d segnieuts;
by its more rugose metathorax and 1st abd. segment.

Compare also 0. lej-entiiii and Ki'nnicollianu.-^.

Hub. North America. Tenne.-.see 9, New Vork %.

J

129. O. Terzeiisis Sai'ss. — Sat niinntiis^gracilis, niger, grosse pnnc-
tatus ; iiut.'iiioto Mul)aiigulat(), lUgosiHsiniR, iiiiiicto froiitali et oculari,
pronoti iiiargiue, iiost-scutello, uiaciila sul)alai'i et i)iiuscutt'llari,tegulis,
aiiiloiniiiis sej^iheiitoruni 1, 2, 4, .') liuil)o, tibiis taMisijUH, Uavid ; abdo-
niiiiis primo seiMiieiito basin versus nii^oso ; secuiulo sat brevi. \, .

Oi\>jH. Texeitsis Sauss. Rev. de Zool. XXII, 187<>, lo4, 2.'), %.

Total length, 9 una. ; wing, (i.f) nun.

%. Quite ai)proximate to 0. PexnKi/lrnin'cux. Same size, but
not (piito so slender; the thorax a little shorter, but little
attenuated posteriorly, more coarsely punctured. The form
almost exactly as in (). jirn>niiis, but the lateral edges ninking
nearly two blunt angles; the excavation rugose. Al)dom<'n as
ill jicri'tviis, but more densely and not so coarsely punctured ; the
2d segment shorter, not so constricted at baso ; its Inne flat
above, not subtJiberculate; its margin coarsely punctured, slightly
margined, not canalicidate.

IMack. A frontid spot, a spot in the sinus of the eyes, a post-
ocuhir line, a l)ilol)ed fascia on the nnirgin of prothorax, tcgula.',
a spot nnder the wing, post-scutel, a sjjot on the disk of meso-
thorax, yellow. Alxloniinal segments all margined with yellow
except the 3d. Knees, tibia;, and tarsi yellow. Wings a little
smoky.

%. Anteniif,! fuscous beneath; the scape with a yellow line.
Clypeus yellow; its teeth spiniforni; mandibles, inner margin of
the orbit, and of the posterior co.\8b, yellow or lutcous.

330

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

Itess. a. diff. — This species rescmblos by its livery 0. Penn^yl-
vanunis, but Jt differs by its stronger punctures, its thurax and
abduiuen shorter ; the furnier being more square bcliind. It is
in the nearest relutionsiiip with O. pcrennis. It recalls also
A)ici.s(r()ceriis Suinichrasti.

Hub. Texas. 1 I.

130. O. fasciClllatUS Sapss.— Niger, gracilis, cylimlricus, ubiqiie
dense puuctatus ; protliorace biuiigulato; inetathorace transverse depres-
so-compreaso, superne rugoso; cantliis lateralibiis acutis, lamelUuibus ;
foveola rhomboidali ; primo abdominis segniento seonndo latitudine
a'cpiali; capitis maculis, suapo subtus, pronoti niargine anlico, tegulis,
post-scutelli fascia, nietath(ira<jis cuntliis inferis, abd. segmentornin
10-40 margine, tibiia, tarsis^ue, llavis.— ■£. Clypeo fascia arcuata et
maculis 2 apieis, tlavis.

Odyn./asciculatus Hauss. Revue de Zoolog. XXII, 1870, 104, 2G, 9 .

Total length, 10.5 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

9. Form slender and c\'lindrical. Ileiid as high as wide;
vertex with an angulate groove. Thorax elongate, convex, and
cylindrical. Prothorax wide, its angles finely dentiform. Meta-
thorax rather compressed transversely, somewhat lamellate on
the sides, oblique and posteriorly produced. Its concavity not
vertical, but oblicjue, wider than long, having .somewhat of a
lo/.enge form, scarcely strigose; not margined, limited supicriorly
by the rugosities of the nj face; its inferior edges compressed,
continued with the lateral edges. Abdomen cylindric-depresned,
tho 1st segment as wide as the second ; anteriorly truncate-
rounded, the 2d elongate. Head, thorax, and abdomen densely
punctured; tho mctathorax more rugose than the rest; the Ist
segment a little more strongly punctured than the mesothorax ;
the 2(1 segment having its margin widely and very slightly cana-
liculate, and a little more coarsely punctured than tho rest of the
segment.

Black. A line on the mandibles and on tho scape of the
antennaj, a double frontal spot, a dot between the eyes and the
antennie, a i)Ost-ocnlar spot, a double spo^ occuj./ing the anterior
margin of prothorax, a little dot under the wing, tegula;, a line
on post-scutel, and inferior ridges of metathorpx, golden-yellow ;
abd. segments 1-4 adorned with a yellow nmrginal band; the
first two bands rather wide and regular, but having the anterior
side rather lacerated ; the 3d not so wide ; the 4th narrower.

ODY\KU\ 8.

831

iiieoiiipleto. Feet black. Knees, tibiic, ami tnivi yellow. Wings
suljliyaline, nerves fu.seo-fci'nijriiiuus,

?. Clypeus brutully ityrifurni, bluek, with a superior fascia or
two .spots near the apex, yellow ; the apt!X truncate, subdenlate.

\'(tr. Clypeus yellow, with a black sp(jt.

liesH. a. (///7".— -This species is partieuliirly (li.-itingnished l)y the

i'\n of its nietathorax, which recalls O. cofi/unnl.-<, the tlionix
beiiif^ elonj^ate, convex-cyliiidric, the protlmrax not contracted
anteriorly. The aI)donien has the first segment >?horter, not as
hmir as wide above, more as in (). voiij'unnis. It has scjuic
similarity to 0. j)eren)iis, but it is larger; the 1st segment is as
wide as the 2d, the body uot so coarsely punctured, etc.

JJab. Cuba. 9.

the

the

lerior

line

low ;

, tho

terior

ower,

i:ll. O. flgllliis S.MTss. — Niger, nitidns, gracillimus, pronoto snban-
gulato; abd. 1^ .segiiieiito autife trnncato, supra lugoso; capite, thoraoe
I't ptidilms, lutKo-signati.s ; proiioti et po-it-.-^ont.elli inai'i;inu anli(M) liiiea
lutea; alulominis Hi'gUicntid r-2' luargiue lutuo ; alid hyaliui:3, iu uosta
ifuliiiifascatis. 9-

Od!)n.Ji(julus Sao.'^s. Et. Vespid., Ill, 247, 120 (185 J).'

Total length, 10 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

An insect having a slender, cylindrical, lengthened form.

9. The clyp''us is rngulose, pyriforni, and seems to terminate
in two sharp little teeth ; but these are only nuirked out by a
fossetto on the border. The thorax is wide before, 'ts anterior
margin is straight bordered, and the angles are distinct; before
these angles the prothorax is slightly retracted. 'I'he scutel is
notched on each side by a fossctte. The metathora;: has its
lateral ridges horizontal ; it forms on each side an angle blunted
by the meeting of htng inferior ridges ; the jxtsterior ])late is
triangular, occupied entirely by the concavity, which is bordered
on each side by the inferi-or ridges, while posteriorly they lose
themselves in the "iigosities of the siunmit. The abdomen is
slender and shin" ; the first segment is truncated anteriorly,
following a ridge quite distinctly; its superior face is very
coarsely punctured before and behind, always rather less towa.'d

' It is probably in conspiinence of a transposition, that this species la
found plaued 1. c in '.be divi.-s'ou Purodi/nerus. I aui not wholly sure of
the place it should on-iipy, not having the type before mo.

832

IIYMENOI'TEHA OF AMEUICA.

[I'AUT I.

the posterior border, '''liu bonier of 2cl uiid ruUowiii},' Hcgincnis
offer.s a very mueh we: ver imnctuulioii. Tlie lieud uiiil tlionix
are densely, but (juile liiiely puneliired. The iiljdoineii does init
offer tiny swelling ut the base of 2d sej^inciit beneath.

Jihick; a dot on tlie ni!indil)les, a frontal and post-oeular dot,
seape beneatl:, anterujr margin of j)rotliora.\', a .'^pot under the
wing; two dots on teguhe, post-seutel, a line on eaeh side of
nietathora.x below, and the margin of segments 1, 2, luleoiis;
tibia; with a yellow line ; femora 1, 2, spotted with yellow at
tlie apox. Wings dusky, margined witii gray.

ILab. Guadaloupe. Collectiou of the Marcpiis of Spiuola.

2. Form Ict^s ojlhulriral, not much elourjnfcd, the thorax more
croicded tojr/hcr, ojh-n yhort and wide anteriorlij, con-
tracted poster i(irl I/. Metalliorin: more convex, ri>iinded;
ila foxaelte (jeneni/li/ nnxill, but alicai/s di}<tiiict, Atjdonien
oeoid or irre<jular, the Jirnt aeijnient varrower than the
¥'(ond, having no longer the sliajie of an elongate-lieU,
icidened anteriorly, ivhich receives the second segment, but
I'o ^lot truncate anteriorhj, not having an anterior and a
suptrior face, but the two faces lost in a continued curva-
ture; this segment not as sessile; second segment more
swelled than in the pj'eeeding, short and convex, contracted
at base to fit into the first

Insects ill general strongly punctured ; often velutinous.

(Groap of 0. Iluustecus, otomilits, «to.)

The type of this group is not easily defined, because eaeh
species unites only a part of the characters alxne indicated, the
group being comi)()sed of an ngglomeiation of very divergent
species. Among the Htenamu'sfrocerus this type is reproduced
by a A. Sumichrasli, Ouzmani, etc.

All the .species are of small size; they seem to be very numerous
in the southern part of the northern continent.

It becomes more difficult to distinguish the numerous little
wasps, because the species arc quite ap|)roximate to each other,
and the character of their punctures and forms varies between
certain limits, so that one can only feel sure about them, by

ODYNKRUS.

333

compnrinpr nunicrous specimens. It seems nearly impossible to
ileleniiiiio sins^lc! specimens upon sim|)Ie descriptions.

The (k'tuih of form and livery upim which 1 have endoiivorcd
to l>uild the sul)di visions of the arruiij,aMnent of the species, aro
of a very doul)lful profit, because of the dillicidty of dehning
them clearly, so that they must not be al)solulely relied upon.

A. Form ra/lirr sloufei', abdomen ratlirr vide in (fie middle, hut
yet adenitaled before. T/ic J'osselle of' l/ie /oft/rrior f'tice of
metattiorax rounded, alwaijx disfiuef. (Fosselte of uieta-
thorax sometimes margined superiorly.)

(I, Tlmriix hut slii/lilli/ ndoniid u'itfi i/cllow; {mimefimes r/iiifr Unci,-, irilfi rt ^' "■ ' -'-*'•
yi'llow sjiit under the tciny) ; post-scnltl ijuilt: bUicIc or adorned wilh two /
yellow dots.' jC/i<^ ^'^'- ^'

132. O. ^«>rtoilianuS Sauss. — Nii3;er ; clypco ant oe angustp pro- <^^^ ^*/' \fi,-it

ducto, siihliiilt'iit.ito ; nn'tanoto rngoso, foveola stri.ita, inar^jitiilms ' ' '

puiictati.^, ol)tiisis ; alidoinine ovato, priino segmeiito valflo pniictato,
cupulif<)rini,basi subtriiiicato, sessili, hocuikIo luagis teimitiT piiiiftati) ;
puiicto inaiulibiilari, frontali, po:<t-oculari, lineola in otMilormn sinu,
niaiMila siibalaii, puiictis '1 post-scutflli ot alxloniinis, semnHntormn 1',
2' inargine tenuiter, llavis ; 20 segincnto ntiinqiie ilavo-pnni.'tato et
partiui tlavo-marginato ; genibus ot tarsis ferrugineis ; til)iis anticia
llavirt. 9-
V(ir. II. TlioracH oninino nigro, macula flava sul)alari. — /'. Secumlo abd.
segniento liaml tlavo-niarginato.

Od\jn. Nortotuanus Saus.m. Rev. de Zool. XXII, 1870, 105, 28, J.

Total lengtb, 9 mm. ; wings, 7 mm.

9. Hathcr small, riypcus somewhat triangular, rather narrowly
produced and subbidentate. Prothora.x .somewhat angulated.
Po.st-scutel .sliort, forming on its anterior ((ir superior) ])art a
rounded transverse carina, with a little insensible medial tubercle;
its hinder face slightly convex. Metatliorax rugose, punctured,
quite rounded, its concavity strigose, not marginate. Head and
thorax not very enarsely cril)rose. Abdomen cvlindrieal, ovoid;
the first segment .short, truncate, and rounded ai\teriorly, as
cril)rose as the th<irax, the 2d slightly constricted at base, more
finely punctured, becoming more coarsely punctured on its liinder
pa rt.

• Comp. also ..1. Peyroti, var.

334

IIYMENOI'TERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

i/

Black, shilling. A little mark at base of niatulil)lcs* and of tho
scape, a frontu! spot, a little line in the sinus of the eyes, a post-
ocular dot, a spot under the wing, and a narrow marginal lino
on the first abd. begment, yellow; knees and tarsi ferruginous;
anterior tibiiu yellow, especially anteriorly. Wings tran.sparent.

I a/\ a. JJlaek. A spot on the mandibles, scape beneath, frontal
and post-oeular spot, a little line in the sinus of the eyes, and
one on the suininit of the eiypeus, yellow ; the two spots of pro-
thorax quite narrow; a spot under the wing, only two quite
small dots on the post-seutel, a narrow margin on the .segments
1, 2 of the alxlonien, and two free spots on the '2d segment, yel-
low. Feet black; knees yellow; tarsi ferruginous; auterior and
intermediate tibiie anteriorly yellow.

b. The margin of the 2d segment with only a small lateral yel-
low mark.

7iV.ss. a. dijf'. — This Odijverus is well characterized by its quite
exceptional livery, the thora.x being quite black, with a yellow
spot under the wing. It slightly recalls the description of 0.
Tmi)hone, but the post-scutcl is not yellow, and the metathorax
not ridged on its inargin,

llab. New England, Connecticut. Taken by E. Norton.

6. Anterior marr/in of prothorax adorned with i/rllow, hut not the. posterior
mari/in; tlie yellow J'asciit often bilohed or intcrruptiil, Fosaetle of mrta-
thorax lurije, rather trianyular, occupijing nearly the ivhole width of the
metathorax.

» Sometime/i ttiere. art turn IHtlf/ree npnta nn the 2d nhdnminal stgme.ntt. (These very
60. U Npots »ra very ofteu warilDg, and do uot conetltute serious charariters.)

133. O, Tictoriee Saups. — Niger, tenuitcr dense piiiictatus ; metanoti
foveola panun exuavaU, uiargiiiilnis iiiferi.s subacutis ; corpora seriueo-
snblanoso; puiicto maiidihularuin, pnncto frontali, ocnlari et post-
oculari, scapo subtus, pronoti margiiie atitico, macula auJialari, post-
siutello, metanoti canthis, abdominis secmentoinm marBinibiia, tibiis
et tarsis, flavis; tegulis rufis. — ^arla^ puncto mesonoli et puncto utrin-
que 2' segmenti, flavis.
9 . Clypeo crassins stripato-pnnctato in snmmo, fapcia arcnata flava. —
% . Clypeo flavo, bidentato ; stiiga mandibuloium et orbitia internis,
llavis ; mctanoto sjepius immaculato.

Odyn. Victoria Sadss. F.evne de Zoolog., IX, 1857, 279, 9.

Total hiigth, 10 mm.; wing, 8 mm.

ODYNERL'8.

3;j5

9. Form and sizr as in 0. anonnifi, elypeus coarsely strigute-
punetatc. An inip.x'ssed point behind the oct'lii. Tliurax KJiorter.
Mt'lalhorax ratlii'i* llattenod behind ; its concavity not distinctly
strigate; the latjrul and inferior edges sliarp. The first segment
of abdomen not so sessile, nor no sliort, more ronndcd, funnel-
siniped or cnp-hapcd; the (Second constricted .it base, to lit into
the lirst. The whole insect finely punctured, more linely and
more densely tuan in 0. anurmis; the 2d and 3d segment more
strongly so than *ho iirst; the margin of second more coarsely
cribrose; its edge smooth,, very slightly rellexed.

lilack, silky, rather woolly. Ornaments of the body yellow,
just the sam-j as in O. anurmis; bui the lateral spots of the lirs,'^
two segments are quite small or wanting, and the nmrginal fascia
of prothorax complete. Teguluj rufous. Wings cloudy, prin-
cipally in the radial cell.

Vur. a. Extremity of clypcus with two yellow marks; 5tli abd.
segment not nnirgined.

b Ornaments and feet, except at base, ferruginous.

c. Iso yellow spots on the 2d segment.

%. Clypeus yellow, bidentate; a line on the mandibles and
inner orbits yellow. No spots on the 2d segment.

Vnr. Metathorax quite l)hick.

7iV,sx. a. (Jiff. — A very difficult species. Most resembles O.
Mni/us; differs from it by its more triangular posterior face of
nu'tathornx, somewhat larger size, nnteniia! not fulvous beneath,
etc. — (Nevertheless it may bo a variety of 0. viaijus.)

From 0. a)inrnri» it differs by its volutinous body and its less
cylindric thorax, wider anteriorly.

Hnh. Mexico. I caught 2 9 in the mountains of Angnngneo
(Michoacan); % 9 near rucrnavaca; 9 in the barranca of Mox-
titlan ; 4 %, i % from Orizaba (Sumichrast).

•* Xrt lateral yfllnio fjint on thf abdomen.^
t K.rcnv'ilion of mftathnrax rather large.

134« O. Inca Satps. — Pnrvnln^ ; iifcrcr, nlilqne npqnnlltpr pnnolntua,
nietathiirace rite foveolato, fovenla piiiu'fnta; r;ipitia piiiK^tin, pionoti
margliiH nntirn, macnla snbalari, tegnlis, pnflt-gi'UtelJn nbdnmini.sque

' roiiipnrt' nlno O. Viclnriir. wliicti Is very often destitute of lateral yel-
low B^ipts on t)i)j 2(1 sitguiKiit of tlie abdomen

;]3r,

HVMKN'OI'TKUA oF AMKHICA.

[I'AIIT I.

Beginontornm linilio, |)!illiil»' lliivix ; ihmIUmim iiit?rifi, geiiilms, tibiis
niititu tui>i-inie hiiIpIum liitcis. — ij . (Myjifo I'liiiirgiiiiito, llavo ; anteiiuis
8ul)Ui!< fulvis; Hcnpi fasuiii lliivii ; iili.i iutuiuiitiit.

Odliii. Inca SAU8S. U«v. ilu Zool. XXII, 1870, lOf), 29, 9 ^.

Total luiigtii, 7 luiu. ; wiug, 5.5 luiix

9. Small. Tliornx roiivox, narrowed posteriorly, mnrfrinorl
aiul iiiigiiliite jiiitcri'M'ly. Tlio whole insect densely and nliuiit,
e{|iially piiiietiired, tlie alidoiiieii as well as the thorax. .Meta-
thorax velutinoiis, Iniiieiitc a little behind the post-scutel, liavinji^
n rather wide eavity, vvliieh is punctate, rather iuar;,nned; tho
lateral ridges salient, forndng nearly a blunt angle on onrh side.
First abd. Hegnient small, cup-slmp(>d, slightly depressed above,
its punctures not stronger than on the 2d; this is constricted at
base, sid)tuberculate at biisi! above, (piite eribrose; the punctures
a little stronger behind than anteriorly.

Hlaek, grayish-silky. A frontal and post-ocular spot, anterior
margin of prothorax, a .spot under the wing, teguhu, a fascia on
the post-scutel, and the margin of all the al)(li)niinal segments
pale-sulphur yellow ; tho fasciie (tf the segments \-l the widest.
Ani's black. Feet black; tibiae, knees, 1, -1, and tarsi, pale yel
low; tiliiie black behind; tarsi ol)seuro above. AVings smoky.

%. Clyi)eus polygonal-pyriform, notched and bidentate, palo
yellow. Mandiltles black. A little carina between the antenna).
Sinus of the eyes margined with yellow. Antennui fulvous
beneath; tho scap(! yellow beneath ; the hook fulvous.

7?(?.s.« a. diff. — This approaches the 0. KcnnicoUianusi, by its
form and its pale ornaments, although not as pale; but the scutel
is not parted by a groove, the metathorax not so rough ; the first
segment is smaller, not so coarsely punctured, and the 2d is as
coarsely eribrose as the first.

IJab. Peru (E. Norton. Taken by II. Edwards).

tt TixenvaUon of metathorax umallfr and rounded.

135. O. Wlystecus Saups. — Niger, tlavo-pictas ; clypeo, thorace et lO
alt'I. spgmento cmssn cribrato-punctatis ; secuiido seginento polito,
sparse et magia tenuiter punetato, niargine impresso et crasse punctato;
capitis macnlis, pronoti macniia 2, post-scntello alxtominisque segmon-
toriim I'-H' margine. flavis ; piiiui fascia latiore utrinqae aucta, 2" subre-
panda, 3» tenuissima, % iiioompleta ; pedibus nigris artubua snbferru-

ODYNKUUS,

ginels ; olypoo % fliivo, apice nli^ro, liispiuoso ; jilis subliyaliuls, icguli^
uigiia llavo-tiiiiiiioulHtiH.

Oili/n. Mi/HeciiB iikvmi. ttevue d« Zool., IX, ISRT, 27!>.

Total ItMigth, 8 luiu.; win^', (! umi.

9. Clypcus pyriloi'iii, vory coarsely puiicturpil, nomly rotlcu-
lutt'ly riij^ose, prolonj^ed into a Hort of beiik, sulMMiunviiuile at
tip. Hi'ad, tliorax, and lirst ab(K>ii»iiial si'^niirnt drii-^ely and
8troii>j;ly punctured. Kd,u:e of prolliorax liucly ruiilnrcd, il.s
anj^lcs snl)denlilui'in. Mi-tatliorax vortical, convex, very ruj;i),se,
rather velutinons ; its concavity 'Ty sniiill ; thorough .superior
faces j)rolongin}5 tlionisiilvosou I lie posterior nido, luavinj; l»ul little
place lor the conea . ity ; the lateral edj?es sharp and hairy.
AI)donien rather short; tiie first sogujcnt roundetl, not short, bell-
siiaped, stronj^ly eril)rose, ruii,ose at huso; 'Jd Hcj^nu'nt st>nie\vhat
in the form of a hawk's bell, rather short, polished, and more linely
punctured; its base a liti o constricted aithouj?h the 1st .sejrmcnt
is but littlo narrower thai, the 2d ; its nnirjjfin havinjr an impressed
Zone of coarse punctures; this zone havinjf anteriorly an undu-
late form ; ;jd sof^ment densely i>unetureil.

IJhick, shininj?, not veliilinou.s like O. Jltimtferua, Mai/iiK. and
other Mexican species, but garnished with a sericeous jrray pile,
rather argenteous on head and metathorax. Mandibles brown
or rufous; there are often two yellow sjjots on the top of cly})eus ;
a frontal spot, a spot in the sinus of the eyes, and a post-ocular
line, yelhiw. Antenme black; the scape below yellow. Two
spots in the middle of prothorax, touching its posterior edge, a
ijiiite small spot under the wing (or noiu'), post-scutel and ridges
of metathorax, yellow; teguko brown, margined with ferruginous,
maculate with yellow; the margin of the lirst the widest, fused
on the side with a lateral spot, making it emarginati! on each
.side ; the yellow fascia of the second .segment having two widt;
notches, or rather undulate, complete boiu ath ; the .'Jd margin
(piito narrow. Feet black; knees and tarsi J)eneatli rather ferru-
ginous. Wings subhyaline, not ferruginous-brown.

% . Hook of the antennaj ferruginous. Clypous squarely poly-
gonal, longer than wide, produced inferiorly triangularly, and
terminated by two separating teeth or spines; its surface quite
coarsely punctured, yellow, with its extremity black.

The spots of the head larger, the siuus of tbc eyes quite yellow.
22

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338

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

The anterior edge of prothorax with a nearly complete subraar-
ginal yellow band ; no spot under the wing ; the yellow band
of the 3d segment incomplete. The cavity of metathorax larger,
more limited superiorly.

Far. %. Clypeus with its lower half black; metathorax black.
Ornaments of the head pale.

Var. 9 % . Flagellum slightly ferruginous beneath. Tcgula3
blackish ; border of 3d segment wanting, or incomplete or com-
plete.

Hess. a. cliff. — A small species, rather distinct by the very
coarse punctures of the clypeus, the coloration of the male, the
colors of abdomen and coarse punctures of the first segment, and
its clothing more sericeous than velutinous. The coarse rugosi-
ties of metathorax must not cause it to be confused with 0.
otomitus; this is a velutinous insect not as small, with a different
livery and more angulate metathorax.

Hub. Mexico.. I caught 2 9,3^ near Cuautla, in the hot
part of the province of Mexico, and 1 % in the Mechoacan.

136. O* Catepetlensis Sauss. — Minntus, niger, capite elevato; an-
tennis inferius insertls ; metathorace foveolato ; mandibulis apice
rufls ; clypei apice, puncto frontali et post-oculari, inaculis 2 pronoti,
tegulis, puncto subalari post-scutelloque, flavis ; abdomine valde punc-
tato, segmentis lO, 20 flavo-limbatis ; pedibus fulvis, basi nigris. Alis
subhyalinis iu costa fusco-ferrnginescentibus. — Long. 9 mm. — 9 • ^^-
tennis nigris, — % . Clypeo paulum bidentato, flavo ; mandibulis antice
et scapo subtus flavis; flagello subtus ferrugineo. — yarm/. signaturis
luteis.
Odyn. Catepetlensis Sauss, Et. Vesp, III, 255, 132.

I did not find this species in Mexico, and have not seen it again
since I described it. The type in Spinola's collection has been
destroyed. It seems to approach closely to 0. mystecus.

liab. Mexico.

ISf. O. mayils Sauss. — Niger, oinereo-sericeus, flavo-multipictus ;
pronoto antice, post-scutelli fascia, abdominisque segmentorum margi-
nibus, ochraceo-flavis ; tibiis antice flavis; tegulis ferrugineis. — 9-
Clypeo truncato, superne macula fulva. — % . Clypeo bidentato, vel sub-
bidentato, flavo; antennarum flagello subtus fulvo; pedibus partim
flavis.
Odyn. Maya Causs. Revue de Zool. IX, 1857, 279.

9 . Total length, 9 mm. ; wing, 6.8 mm.

% . Total length, 8 mm. ; wing, 6 mm.

PART I.

sul)ni av-
ow band
K. larger,

ix black.

Tcgulse
or cum-

tho very
luile, the
iieut, and
;e rugosi-
with 0.
L diCfcreut

I the hot
can.

evato; an-

alis apice

2 pronoti,

aide punc-

igris. Alia

— 9. An-

ulis antice

signaturia

it again
has been

iltipictus ;
im margi-
ineis. — 9 •
o, vel sub-
US partim

0DYNERU8.

339

9. Olypeus rather bicarinate, polished, cribrose, truncate at
tip. On the vertex a small impression. Prothorax scpiarely
cut, its angles not prominent. Metathorax rounded, punctured
a little less than thorax ; its cavity small, rounded, punctured.
The lateral ridges argcnteous. Abdomen ovate ; nearly as
strongly punctured as the tuorax ; the first segment cup-shaped,
a little margined ; the second rather wide, its margin having a
wide zone of more coarse punctures; not channelled, its extreme
edge very finely margined ; the 3d and 4th rather strongly punc-
tured.

Black, silky, with the metathorax argcnteous. A spot on
mandibles, a transverse spot on the summit of the clypeus, frontal,
ocular and post-ocular dot, and scape beneath, yellow. Anterior
margin of prothorax adorned with a moderately wide yellow
fascia, sometimes narrowed on the sides, bilobate in the middle.
A yellow fascia on post-scutel; wing scales ferruginous, margined
with yellow. All the segments of the abdomen regularly margined
with yellow (rather ochraceus); the first rather narrowly, the
second ve^y widely; anus yellow at the extremity. Feet black;
wings subhyaline, nerves subferruginojs, the apex somewhat
smoky.

Var. Metathorax black, or with two lateral yellow lines.

% . Clypeus pyriform, yellow, terminated by two little triangular
teeth (sometimes blunted). A line on the mandibles and a
vertical line between the antenna;, yellow. Flagellum of the
antennce fulvous beneath. Yellow margin of prothorr.x narrow.
Metathorax a little more triangular. Second abd. scgnnMit not
so widely margined. Knees, tibiae, an. "^prsi yellow, obscure on
their posterior face.

Var. Wing scales ferruginous.

Var. 9 Z. — a. Form narrow; anus black; margins of segments
3, 5, 6 narrow; anterior margin of prothorax narrow.

6. Metathorax quite black.

c. Margin of the abdo"iinal segments wide; anus yellow (0.
3Iaya Sauss).

d. A spot under the wing or no spot.

e. The abdomen blacker, with argcnteous reflect'on; its yellow
ornaments more golden.

Ress. a. diff. — It differs from 0. mystecus by the livery of its
abdomen ; by its metathorax, not rough ; by the yellow band of

340

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA,

[part I,

1st segment not widened on the sides, but on the contrary nar-
rowed; 2d segnjont without an impressed marginal band ; clypeus
? not as coarsely punctured and biearlnate ; size somewhat
larger, etc.

From 0. Victorise it is distinguished by its shorter form, and
raetathorax not so triangular, and antenna; of % fulvous beneath.

Ilah. Mexico, I caught several 9 % in the temperate terrace
of Cuernavaca, near Yautepec ; and iu the valley of Mextitlau.

c. Posterior margin of prothorax, and often also the anterior margin bordered
with yelloio. (Insects often velvety.)

138. O. Hliastecus SAnss. — Crr-ssiasculus, fulvo-velutinus, densis-
siine punctatus, metaiioto argentato, minus distincte puiictato (luam
mesonotum ; clypeo apice et snperne fulvo-maeulato ; proiioti margine
aiitico et postioo, macula subalaci, post-scutelli fascia, metanoti canthis
abdomiiiisqne segiiientorum limbo, fulvis ; 2' seginenti margine et tertio
grosse puuctatis; tibiis antice fulvis; alls aubfuscesoontibus, tegulis
fulvo-marginatis. — 'J, , Clypeo ovate, flavo-bi:lentato ; secundi abd. seg-
menti margine paulum reflexo, — Vnriat. f. Clypeo et metathorace
nigris. — '^ . Autennis subtus fulvis.

Otlyn. Hiiastecus Sadss, Revue de Zool,, IX, 1857, 278.
Odijn. sobrinus Sacss., Ibid., 278, "^ (ivir.).

Total length, 11 mm. ; wing, 8 mm.

The size of 0. anormis. A little impression behind the ocelli.
Clypeus triangular, pyriform, coarsely punctured, truncate and
biangulate at tip. Prothorax upturned, subbiangulate. Head
and thorax dcnsoly punctured, velntinous; metathorax smoother;
its hinder face triangular; having a small concavity, finely strigate
and punctured, not margined ; superiorly terminated by a double
arch, but not ridged. The lateral edges (extending from the
hinder wing to the articulation of the abdomen), compressed and
sharp, covered with shining silvery hair.

Abdomen ovoid; the first segment rather elongate, cup-shaped
or rather shortly convex funnel-shaped ; the 2d rather in form
of a hawk's bell, constricted at base to fit into the first. The
whole abdomen silky-velutinous with fulvous reflections, densely
but a little less strongly punctured, than the thorax ; the second
segment not quite as strongly as the first ; its margin coarsely
punctured, with the edge very little reflcxed ; the 3d not quite
so coarsely, the 4th finely, the 5th and 6th not at all punctured.

ODYNERUS.

341

Black, fulvo-velutinous. Tlie extremity of clypous and a spot
at its siininiit ; a frontal and ocular sjjot, a post-ocular line, a
line under the scape, fulvous-yellow ; the anterior and posterior
edge of prothorax narrowly bordered with the same color. A
spot under the wing, edge of wing-scales, a line on post-seutel,
and the edges of metathorax margined with fulvous ; segments
1-5 of the abdomen regularly margined with fulvous-yellow;
fascia; of 1st and 2d segments broader; of the others iiarrow.
Feet black; tibiae yellow anteriorly; tarsi fuscous. Wings
siuoky.

Var. a. Last abdominal segments without yellow margin.

b. Ornaments of the body more yellow.

c. Clypeus truncate or subbidentate.

%. Of the same size or smaller; not so much of fulvo-veluti-
nous, head argenteous before. Clypeus ovate-polygonal, longer
than wide, bidentate, argenteous-yellow. The hook of antennsB
black. Inner orbits fulvous. Metathorax generally quite black.
The margin of 2d abd. segment more reflexed, more or less cana-
liculate ; its base above somewhat subtuberculate. Va?\ No
spot under the wing. Var. f^obrimis Sss.—Soraewhat more
plender. The ornaments of the body bright yellow; no sp-ot
luider the wing. Metathorax quite black. The abdominal seg-
ments all well margined with yellow, the fascia; of medium width.
— 9. Clypeus black or with a yellow spot at its summit; antenniB
black, the scape yellow beneath. Knees, tibiae, and tarsi yellow ;
tibifB blackish beneath.— S . The flagellum of the antenna; orange
beneath ; knees, tibiae, and tarsi yellow.

Bess. a. dif.— In livery and size this is just like 0. otomitus,
but differs by both margins of prothorax being bordered with
yellow and its metathorax not rugose, but only finely punctured.
It has, like this species, the anus often margined with , ollow and
the antenna; yellow beneath, but the wings are not ferruginous
as in this species.

It resembles 0. propinqmis, but differs in having the prothorax
shorter and the 2d segment too much swelled, with the margin
more reflexed.— Compare also 0. Peyroti which is a quite allied
species, but with black feet and narrow borders of first iiegment,
and a wide bordering on 2d segment.

O. Totonacus is a much more slender anr naked species.

Hah. The temperate and elevated parts of Mexico. I caught

342

IIVMENOPTERA OP AMERICA.

[part I.

a % in the valley of Mexico ; and several other specimens in the
teniijerale regions of Cuernavaca, of the lluasleeu, and in the
valley of Mextitlan,

Observalion. — 1 have joined 0- sobrinus with 0. Ihiatiterus,
because new specimens seem to establish the transition between
the two presumed species. Nevertheless, 0. mibrinns has a some,
what difl'erent metathorax. It is extremely diHicult to decide
upon the species of these small Odyneri, all quite variable.

139. O. OtomitusfiAUSS. (Fig.21.)— 0. //nas^crosimilis, paulomiiior,
argenteo- vel I'ulvo-velutinus ; pronotobideiitato; iuetii\.?U-nii(t.fimeruij<iso,
valde foveolato ; pronoti margiiie postiuo et angulis, fascia post-sentelli,
teguliH, abdominis segineiitorum limbo, oubraffeis ; macula snbalaii
nulla; mt'tanoto immaculate; tibiis fulvo-niaculatis ; alls feirnttiiieis,
apice griseis. — 9- Clypeo truncate, nigro, in summo macula fulva. —
% . Cl.vpeo bideutato, albido vel niveo ; antenuis subtus pallide I'ulvis.
Odi/n. olomitus Sauss. Revue de Zool., IX, 1857, 278.

Total length, 9 » 9 mm. ; wing, % , 7 mm.

A'cry similar to 0. Huastecus ; having the same appearance,
and the same kind of livery; differing principally in the following
characters.

9. Size rather smaller. Clypeus less elongate, truncate at
tip. The impression of the vertex more distinct. Angles of
prothorax quite dentiform. Metathorax truncate ; its hinder
face occupied by a lai'(je and deep concavity, punctured and
rugose, but not margined by sharp edges ; the upper face of the
metathorax and the edges of the excavation extremely rough,
occupied by very large punctures, or rather by little reticulate
dimples, which occupy the superior margin of the excavation.
First abd. segment punctured, much like the head ; the second
densely punctured, and having on its posterior margin a little
stronger zone of punctures, but this margin not canaliculate,
nor reflexed ; the 3d still rather strongly punctured ; those fol-
lowing densely but not strongly punctured. The whole insect
rather velutinous, clothed with grayish or fulvous pile. Meta-
thorax argenteous. A spot or a band on the summit of the
clypeus, a frontal spot, a line on the scape, a very little spot in
the sinus of the eyes, and a spot or line behind their summit, dull
yellow. Posterior margin of prothorax, its angles, and a line on
post-scutel fulvous or dull yellow. Tegulaj ferruginous. No spot
under the wing nor on the metathorax.

ODYNERUS.

343

All the abdominal segments regularly margined with oehrc-
yellow; the anal seymeid yelluw or margined with yellow. The
faseiffi rather wide ; the first being the narrowest. Feet blaek ;
tibiae a little spotted with yellow, ol'tea yellow anteriorly ; tarsi
slightly ferruginous. Wings ferruginous with the extremity
smoky.

Var. a. The body grayish-velutiuous or fulvo-velutiuous.
h. Clypeus quite blaek.

c. Angles of prothorax searcely dentiform.

d. A little yellow marginal line on both sides of the lower
part of the exeavatiou of the metathorax.

e. Anus blaek.

S. Clypeus rather pyriform-elongate, bidentate, white or lute-
ous, as also the frontal spot and the inner orbit of the eyes.
Antenna9 beneath yellow or fulvous; the hook areuate, blaek.
The 7th abd. segment only, margined with yellow.

Var. a. Clypeus obtusely bidentate.

b. Anus not margined with yellow.

An examination of numerous speeimens has shown notable
differences in the form of nietathorax : 1°. Sometimes it is quite
widely excavated, the lateral parts forming ve.-y salient borders,
or it is even rather angulate on each side. The strong rugosities
form sometimes a sort of arched edge, margining the fossette
superiorly; sometimes they have a tendency to delineate angular
ridges margining the cavity, making this bipentagonal as in the
true Ancistrocerus (A. eapra, etc.)._2°. In other specimens the
metathorax is not so angulate, nor so excavated ; its side margins
are not so produced, but it is more rounded ; the fossette is
smaller and rounded, more closed and confined by the rugosities.
This is more frequent in the males.

These various forms greatly embarrassed me until I could com-
pare numerous speeimens. It is important to notice that tlie
principal character of this species is the very rugose sculpture of
the metathorax, its form being variable. It is still more rugose
and oxcavated than in 0. mystecus.

Bess. a. diff. — A distinct species, well characterized by its
metathorax, as just indicated ; by its bidentate prothorax, and
the abundant yellow margination of the abdomen, and anus, often
yellow.

In the male*the antennae, yellow beneath, recall the 0. Unas-

344

HYMENOl'TKUA OF AMEUICA.

[PAUT I.

tecus var., and Peyroli, which have the same livery, but not tlie
rough nietathorax, and dill'cr also % by tho rollnxed nnirgin of
its 2d segment and the lirst having both the margiuti oi" prolhorax
yellow.

(Compare with 0. nii/stecus, which has also a rough mcta-
thorax.)

Hub. The hot and temperate parts of Mexico. I caught 5 9,
4 % near Tami)ito, and in the temperate part of the province of
Mexico, near Vautepcc. — Numerous specimens were cauglit I)y
my companion, Mr. Sumichrast, iu the Oriental Cordillera, Cor-
dova, Orizaba, e'c.

140. O. similis Smith. — Niger, fulvo-velntinus ; piincto frontali et
clypei apicis, alulouiiuisque segmentorum 2'-(J' margiue, flavis ; alia iu
costa ferrugiiieis. 9-

Odyn. similis Smith, Cat. Brit. Mus. Vespid. 80, 202, $.

Total length, 4^ liuea.

9. Black, covered with ochraceous pubescence, and having
also a clothing of changeable golden pile. Clypeus truncate at
the apex; the lateral angles acute, subdentatc. A yellow spot
between the antennn3 and another at the apex of the clyi)ous.
Thorax slightly narrowed anteriorly and posteriorly ; tho ante-
rior margin of the prothorax not raised or sharply truncate.
Metathorax rounded at the sides and truncate posteriorly, and
slightly concave. Abdomen : first segment much narrower than
the second, strongly punctured ; its apical border marginate ; the
apical border of the 2-5 segment with a broad yellow fascia, the
apical segment yellow, with a black spot in the middle of its
base ; the fasciae of the segments continued beneath. Wings hya-
line; the anterior margin of the superior pair yellowish; nervures
ferruginous.

Hab. Mexico.

This species by its golden velntinous clothing and ferruginous
wings seems to approach very nearly to 0. otomitus, and maij^is,
but differs by its quite black antennae, thorax, first segment, and
leet. This should separate it more from 0. Payroll var., although
differing in several characters, this species having more argente-
ous pile, antennai not quite black, etc.

ODYNEKUS.

345

141. O. Peyroti Sapsh.— Niger, argmiteo-scrioens, coiifHrtiin piiiicta-
tus; abaomine n.agi. tenuiler pun.tat.. ; pronoto l.i.ientato, posticn
Unnxiim- fulv<. liml.uto ; «cripi fa.scia, p„st-s,.,itelli fascia al„lo,ui„i.s<,»e
segawMUorum 2'-tii n.arginil.us late, ouhraceis ; pri.no seg.nent,, trigonali-
cupil.forau, t.nuitcr fulvo-li.nbato ; pe.libus nigris, antids antice llavis
VelUiivis.-J. Clvpeiis superne luaaila Ilava, pin.ctis capitin Mavis.-
S . Clypeo bidentato, o. bitarum .uargiue iutemo, luteis j anteuuis subtus

lUlVLS,

Odyn. Pcyroti Saq8s. Revue de Zoologie, IX, 1857, 278.
% . Total length, 9 mm, ; wing, (;.5 mm.

? . Clypcus bicarinato. Thorax short. Angles of prothorax
dentiform. Metuthorax rou.ule.l; its concavity sn.all, ronn.l.Ml
stnjrato-punctate. Heml and tliorax densely punctured ; the'
motathorax more volutiuous, not so stro.igly punctate. Abdo-
men not sessile ; the first se-nient not truncate anteriorly, but
triangularly rounded, cup-shaped, nearly funnel-shaped, about as
wide as long. The second rather short, its margin more strongly
punctured, the rest more finely punctured than the thorax ; the
first segment scarcely more strongly punctured than the 2d.

Black, grayish-silky, with a strong reflection on head and
metathorax. A spot on the superior part of clypeus, a line
under the scape, a frontal ocular and post-ocular spot, a very
narrow line on the posterior margin of prothorax, and its angles,
fulvous; aline on post-scutel, edges of metathorax, the narrow
margin of the 1st abd. segment, and a broad one on the 2d-(;th,
ochre-yellow; anus black, or margined with yellow. Feet black,'
the anterior pair fulvous anteriorly. Wings hyaline, brown at
the extremity, slightly ferruginous at base; uerves brown or fer-
ruginous.

Var. a. Both edges of prothorax margined with yellow.
6. A yellow spot under the wing.

c. Anterior edge of prothorax black.

d. Metathorax immaculate.

e. Wings somewhat ferruginous.

Z. Clypeus longer than wide, bidentate, pale-yellow, argenteous.
Antennae black, fulvous beneath ; the scape and inner orbits with
a yellow line. Metathorax quite black. The first segment
smaller, more triangular. The edge of the second segment a
little reflexed.

Var. a. The first segment scarcely margined with fulvous.
b. 2^0 frontal nor post-ocular spots.

34G

IIYMKNOl'TKUA <.F AM Kit !C A.

[I'AllT I.

Ili',ss. a. (Jiff. — 'I'liis is II very (lilliciilt specioa. Tho ycllitw
iimrf^iii of llio 2(1 scjiiiii'iit in riitlicr In-ciimrgimito as in 0, ?ui/«-
tecuH. — Till! i)<)(ly is iKti fulvo-vdutinous us in JIiiiDitecua uiid
Olomittis, l)ut inoH' black, with silky argouteous roflections; thu
iiK'tiitlmrax is not rough as in Ofuniilua, nor so widely excavated.
— It diflors also from JIanstecu.'<, l>y its acute pffjthoracic angles
nnil smaller size, its deeper and more rounded nietatlioraeic
cavity, the yellow margins of abdomen, especially tho 2d, wider;
tho 1st being much narrower, and its feet black. It can be easily
distinguished by the wide margin of 2d segment. Sonietinies,
t'speeially in the males, the head, prutliora.\, and iirst segment arc
almost wholly black.

JIal). Mexico. This was caught in tho temperato district of
Cuernavaca, south of ^Mexico, by my eomiianion, II. Pcyrot, to
whom it is dedicated; 9 ^ also have been taken near Orizaba,
4 9,2^ (Sumichrast).

d. Prothorax fjtiite, yellow ahuve, Scntd and ])ost-scutel yellow.

142« O* COllimbaris Sad.hs. — Niger; luetathoracis foveola submar-
giiiata ; abdoiniiiiti 2' Hcgmeiiti niargine subrcllexo ; dypeo 9 supunie,
punoto frontali, oculaii «t post-oculari, flavis; scapo subtus flavo;
pronoto, inncula siibalari, scutello, post-scutello, metatboracis cantbis,
iibdoiiiinJH segtnentoruni limbo, tibiisque aiitice, Ibavis; alis subhyaliuis,
costa subferruginea, apice griseo ; tegulis ferragiueis. 9 •

Oilyn. coluviharh Sauss. Et. Vesp., I, 158, 42': pi. xvii, fig. 3 (1852).
Hah. South America,; Columbia, (type in the Paris Museum.)

3. Body elongate, slender ; the abdomen especially, very slender.
Mctathorax convex, having no longer a distinct excavntipn,
but .sooner ])arted by a large groove, which separates its
two cheeks, somewhat as in Eumenes. Abdomen slender,
spindle-shaped ; the first segment elongate, fuiDiel-shajjed,
sometimes subpedunculate.

(Group of 0. Tntonacus.)

These insects are all small, shining, not velutinous; black, with
luteous ornaments. They have quite tho same appearance as
those of Section III (see below), but the scutel is black, the pro-
thorax has its hinder margin bordered with pale colors, and tho
post-scutel is not truncate.

ODYNfiUUH.

347

(Ainonff the Stenancistroceri this typo is rcproscntcil by Sttn-
anc. Fariaai.)

143. O. Totouttcus Saurs. (Fig. 2X)-^^i n>inut,.M, gracilis, ,n>.r,
liUMus, ciuereo-sul.sericeus, c.ril,mt(.-,.unctatu. ; luetanoto convt-xo
te.uuHsnne punctulato, foveola vol i...tius suloo striato ,llvi.s.,. canting
ar«enteo-i,il.,,.i.s ; alnloiuiniH pri.uo seg.aeuto convexo-inCun.lilMilifonui •
cai.itis pu.ictis, pronoli marline postieo.post-mHitdlo. inetai.oti fasciis 2
macula nubalari seg.nentoru.n.iu., l' 2« ,uargi„o, snlfureis vel albi.iis' •'
tilMisanUoHsulfinvo-notati.; tegulis nigris.-^. Auteuuis Hubtus Jer'
rugmeis ; clypeo subeuiarginato, luteo, iiigro-iuarginato.
Odyn. Totonacus Sadhs, Reviio de Zool., IX, 1857, 278.
Total length, 10 mm. ; wing, S mm.

9. Form slcnilor, elongate, narrow. Iload as high as wide •
the notch of the eyes opened, triangular; clypous rather strongly
punetate, rather widely truncate, biangulate. or havin- a little
c..nr'ave apical margin. An impressed point on the vertex
1 rothorax squarely cut, anguhite, sligntly bidentate. IFead and
thorax densely cribrose; the flanks more finely punctate ; meta-
thorax narrowed, triangular, slightly biconvex, smooth, very
finely punctured only, not cribro.se, like the rest of thorax- its
excavation being rather a wide groove than afossette; delicately
stngate-punctate; the lateral ridges very sharp, garnished with
wh.t.sh ha<r. Abdomen slender, elongate; first segment eonv.-x
triangular, cribrosr like the thorax; the second finely punctured'
contracted at base or subtubereulate; its margin a little n.ore
coarsely punctured than the rest, but without a distinct zone not
canaliculate ; the following less and less strongly punctured

Black, shining, with sparse grayish down. Scape beneath
fulvous; a spot on the mandibles, a frontal spot, ocular and post-
ocu ar spot, pale yellow ; posterior margin of prothorax and its
angles a spot under the wing, appendix of tegular, anterior mai.nn
of post-scutel, two elongate marks on the inferior extremity of
metathorax, and a narrow margin on the 1, 2 abd. segments pale
sulphur-yellow; the yellow fascia of the second generally still
narrower than that of the first; both a little prolonged on the
ateral angles of the segments. Teguhe black or margined with
brown _ Feet black; tibiae anteriorly with a sulphur./ellow line;
tarsi slightly brownish, or rather ferruginous. Wings smoky.

' Vel potius stramineis.

348 nYMKXdl'TKKA OF A.MKHICA. [I'AUT I.

Var. a. Clypciis with a yollDVv s\u)l ul f-iiiuiiiit.

h. ilc-tid iiniiiuciiliili'.

t'. Angles of itrotlionix black; its posterior margin nearly all
black.

(I. Metalliorax black; only tli(! articular valves yellow.

e. Tlie I'ascia of post-scutel interrupted.

/. Seginenls ;>-;"> narrowly margined with brown.

(J. Tibiiu anteriorly obscure.

1. Not (pjitc as slender; thorax shorter. Second segment
more tubereiilatc! at base. Clypeiis pyriform, truncate, its apical
edge concave, hardly 1 idenlate; its surface white, miirgined with
black. Anteniiie (jr'inge beneath; the senpe luteous Itenenth.
JVIaudibles immaculate; head often immaculate; metalliorax but
little maculate; eoxaj 2-3 anteriorly luteous.

Var. a. The femora with a yellow line near the apex.

b. No spot under the wing.

c. Clypeus quite yellow.

(/. Segments 3-G narrowly margined with fulvous ("only one
specimen).

Var. 9 %. Orimnionts dull yellow (from alteration?).

Special Varictij. — The nmrgiu of the second abdominal seg-
ment a little depressed or slightly canalieulat((, more coarsely
punctured, and even a little reflexed in %. In this variety the
yellow margin of the 2d segment is as broad as that of the first.
The anterior edge of prothorax is nnirgined with yellow, and the
posterior one incompletely nmrgined. {9 %, Orizaba.)

Ress. a. diff. — A species distinct by its elongate slender form,
its blaclc shining body, cribrose with punctures like fine strings,
and smooth mctathorax; as also by its scarce ornamcwits, straw-
vellow and with only two abdominal faseiie, the hinder margin
of prothorax being bordered with yellow. It is very similar
to 0. Tacuhayse, but much larger, and more strongly punctured;
the abdomen is not so elongate, the 2d segment is scarcely longer
than broad, posteriorly truncate, not arcuate, etc.

144. O. COyotUS Sauss. (Fig. 2(5.)— Niger, minnins, abdomine gracili ;
corpore snbrugose punctato ; metanoto tenuissimo punctato ; abdominis
gegmentisio, 20vaMHpuiictatis ; seoundo basicoiistricto ; scaposulttus,
pnncto fiontali, oculari et post-ocnlari, pronoti margine aiitico et postico
tenuissime, pauctis 2 post-acutelli abdominisque segiuentoruin 1', 2'

0DYNEIIU8.

310

limbo niigUrttH, HulfiirelH ; tibiin aiitici' tftMitdjue ^rriigiiieis.— ^ . Cl)'i)eo
albido, iiifiou Mubmuiugiimto; niituniiitt Mubtun lonugiiiwi.i.

0(Ji/n. cuyolHs Sauwh. Kev. .In Zoril. XXII, 1870, 106, 30, ^.
Total length, 8 luui. ; wing, ti mm

Form ilic snnu! tis in O. tiAonaniK, but tlio size quite small as
in <). Tdriihdijie. Head uiid tliorux very dciiscly and rutlicr
rugoHt'ly i)uii(tur('d. Kliajrivdiicd ; po.st-sfuti'i triiuifiMlur, but
having at its summit a very dciicalf little areuato hharp lino;
looking backward, inutathorax not so obliijue oven a.s in fulo-
nacuii, more vortical, not rugose, very linely punctured, convex,
with a liltio fbssetto on its inferior part ; its edges luiiry, grayish.
Tho superior articular valves of the apex siiinin.rni. Abdomen
slender; tho lirst segment arcuate, fuimel-shaped, longer then
wide, very sliglitly jjctiolatc, and with a depression above.
Second segment about as wide as long, strongly constricted at
ba.se, which makes it sul)bidontato above and luMieath. The lirst
two segments almost eqiuilly punctured, as strongly as the thorax,
but shiidng; the following less and less strongly so.

Black. Tho dots on tho head nearly imperceptible or want-
ing; the hinder margin of prothorax and its angles quite finely
bordered with i)alo yellow ; only two little yellow dots on the
extremities of post-scutel, and the first two segments with a
narrow sulphur-yellow margin, which is not continued on the sides
of the first segment. Feet black ; tibiae and tarsi somewhat varied
with brown or ferruginou.s. Wings but very little smoky.

% . Cly pens white, its extremity with an arcuate subemarginate
notch. Mandibles with a white lino. Flagollum fulvous beneath.
Jtcss. P. f///7'.— This insect has just the same size and appearance
as O. acoUnnis, but yet is very different, having the po.st-scut.'
triangular, not flat above, truncate behind, not crenulate. I'rom
0. Tacubayse it differs by its strongly punctured abdomen, and
its shorter 2d segment, without an arcuate margin, shorter meta-
thorax, etc.

Hab. Temperate Mexico. I caught two males in the valley
of Mextitlan ; one from Orizaba (Sumichrast).

145. O. Taciibayae Sadss. (Fig. 27.)— Minutns, niger, gracillimua,
tenuiter punctatus, metanoto depresso, postice producto; abdominis lo
segmento infundibaliformi ; secnndo valde elongato, marpine postico
areuato ; scapo subtus, frontis macula, pionoti niarginibus, fasfcia post-
soutelli et margiue abdominis segmentorum 10-20, sulfureis ; tibiis et

350

UYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

tarsis ferrngiiieis.— % . Clypeo piriformi, nigro et llavo- variegato ; flagello
subtas fulvo.

Od^ii. Tucubaijic Sadss. Revue de ZooL, 1857, 279, % .

Total leugtL, 8 mm. ; wing, 0 mm.

Quite small. Form quite slender aud elongate, particularly
the abdomen, which is longer thuu head aud thorax (S), more
elongate than in 0. totonacus. Head aud thoraxfineiycriljro.su-
the former circular. Scutel parted by a groove. JVletathorax
smooth, quite tiuely punctured, triaugular, obliquely produced
posteriorly, convex, rather flattened, parted superiorly by a
groove, iuferiorly having a very shallow flattened obsolete
lossette; the lateral edges sharp, arcuate, clothed with argenteous
pile. The articular valves of the apex not produced into long
spines. Abdomen cylindrical ; 1st segment oonvex-funnel-
shapcd, narrow, longer than wide, as stiongly punctured as the
thorax ; having an obsolete transversejdepression before its edge ;
2d segment much longer than wide, constricted at base, subtu-
berculate above at base ; its posterior margin arcuate, convex,
having a line of stronger punctures ; beneath near the base it
has a sort of transverse wrinkle.

Black, shining, grayish-silky. Scape beneath, a spot on the
forehead, a post-ocular spot, anterior and posterior edge of pro-
thorax, a line on the post-scutel, and inferior ridges of metathorax
sulphur-yellow. Margin of the tegula) and a tubercle under the
winfj, ferruginous. Post-tegular appendix black. Articular
valves of metathorax yellow. The first two abdominal segments
narrowly margined with sulphur-yellow ; the yellow margin of
the first continued on the sides along the lateral edges of the
segments (rather inferiorly) ; that of the 2d complete beneath.
Feet black ; tibiae and tarsi ferruginous. Wings very slightly
smoky.

% • Clypcus pyriform, rather bidentnte, black, with two longi-
tudinal yellow bands, or yellow, with a central irregular black
band, and inferiorly margined with black. Scape of the antennas
fulvous beneath ; hook fulvous, Intermediate coxae spotted with
yellow.

Var. Segments 3-6 margined with brown ; the 3d beneath
with a little yellow.

Bess. a. diff. — Resembles 0. coyotus and totonacus, but not

wm

ODYNEftUS,

351

as strongly punctured, and un-y distinct by its motathorax being
moro flattened and produced posteriorly, and by its long second
abd. segment, with an arcuate edge. It is also much smaller
than the last.

JJab. I caught only males in the valley of Mexico, near
Tacubaya.

146. O. prililiosus SMiTii.-Niger, sericeus ; capite, thorace et abd.
lo seguiento valde punctatis ; fascia dypei summi, puucto frontali et
post-oculari, prouoti luargine aiitico, macula subalari, tegulis paitim,
post-scutello, metanoli canthis, abdominisque fasciis 2, albidis ; pedibus
1°, 20 albido variis ; alia subhyalinis. 9 .

Odyn. pruinosus Smith, Cat. Brit. Mas., Vesp., 79, 200, J.

Lengta, (J lin.

9. Black; in certair lights, covered with fine silvery pile : the
metatho'-.x truncate, slightly concave, with a central impressed
lino, on each side of which it is obliquely striate ; a stripe at the
base of the clypcus, a mftiuto spot between the antenna;, and
another behind the eyes, white ; the head, thorax, and base of
the abdomen strongly punctured; the anterior margin of the pro-
thorax, a spot beneath the wings, the anterior and i)osterior
margins of the tegulss, a spot behind them, the post-scutcllum
and lateral margins of metathorax, a spot on the apex of anterior
femora behind, and the anterior and intermediate tibite outside,
white; the 1st and 2d segments of the abdomen with white
fasciaj on their apical margins; that on the second continued
beneath. Wings hyaline, with their margins clouded.

Hab. St. Domingo.

The peculiar forms of this species not being very fully indi-
cated, I cannot be certain of its position. I place it near to
0. totonacu.% to which it is allied by its livery, which is au indica-
tion of the group.

Here probably comes the position of two species of which I
have no longer the types under my eyes, and which are not
described with sufficient detail.

141. O. Hiiro Sauss.'— Parvnlus, elongatus, gracilis, rugoaus, niger;
olypeo disco'idali, subbidentato; proiioto elongate, groHse putictato ;

' Perhaps this might figure better in the subsection of 0. pennsylvanicus,
perennis, etc. ?

352

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[I'AUT I.

C-

abdoniine gracili, puiicitato ; aiitennis et clypno omiiino atris ; piinoto
/ froiitali, maculis 2 pronoti, tegulis partim, post-scutello et abdominis

segiiieiitoruiii 1', 2' luaitrine sat Lite, tiavis ; tertii fascia flava abbre-
viata; pedibiis iiigris, tib.ia tlaviri, tarsia fuscis ; alid bubiufuscatis.
9 . — Longit. 9.5 mm.
Otiyn. Uuro Sauss. Et Vespid., Ill, 297, 185, 9 (1854).

Ilab. United States.

14S. C. Mohican us Saups.— Minutns, gracilis, punctatus, niger;

puncto froiitali et post-oculari, maculis 2 pronoti, pcst-sciitello abdo-

minisqne segmentorum 1', 2' liuibo, flavis. Tibiis llavis, tarsis fuscis.

Alis hyalinis venis fuscis. — Longit. 8 niia.
%. Clypeo discoidali, flavo, subemarginato ; puncto iu labro et fascia in

scapo flavis ; antennis subtus ferrugiueis.

OJyn. Mohicanus Saoss. Et. Vespid., Ill, 297, 185, % (1854).

Hah. United States. State of New York.

III. Mctalhorax not produced sKperiorJy beyond the post-Hcutel,
convex ; its hinder face parted by a deep groove, I'osT-
scuTEL TRUNCATE ; having a superior tram^verse face and
a posterior vertical or oblique face ; the two faces neparaled
by a sharp edge.

Form quite elongate, exactly the .same as in the last subdivision
{II, 3),^ very slender, elongate; the abdomen slender,
spindle-shaped; its first segment funnel-shaped. Fost-
scutel always black ; scutel often marked wHh yellow. —
Insects small, blade, shining, xoith pale ornaments.

These insects have much the appearance of those of the group
of 0. Totonaciis, but the prothorax is marginate anteriorly and
the scutel is maculate, not the post-scutel.

A. Metathorax quite unarmed superiorly.

149. O. AcollllIllS Sauss. — Parvulus, gracillimus, elongatus, nigpr,
oribrato-punctatus ; pronoto antice cristato-bidentato ; post-scutello
truncate, elevato-cristato ; metanoto tenuitdr punctate, inermi, bicon-
vexo, per sulcum partito; abdominis primo segmento infundibuliformi,
valde punctate, basi paulum petiolato, utrinque subdentato, supra tuniido,
an^e marginem transversira subcanaliculato ; secundo paulo depresso,
basi coarctato; reliquis vix punctatis ; pronoto, scntello abdotninisque
segmentis 1°, 20, vel lo, 20, 4°, flavo-marginatis ; macula subalari

' Page 346.

ODYNERUS.

353

tibiisqno basi, flavis.-^. Clypeo flavo-bidenUto ; antenuarum scapo
subtua llavo.

Odyn. Acolhuus Sadbs. Revue de Zool. IX, 1857, 280.

Total leugtb, 7 imu.; wing, 5 mm.

Vciy small. Head circular or slightly wider than long, rather
thick, cmarginate behind. Sinus of the eyes not much opened
on the inner side Thorax wide anteriorly; prothorax having
its anterior niargin a little concave, crested, its angles spiniform
or at least sharply angulate. Scutel flat above, vertically trun-
cate ; the truncation making a hinder face, transverse, a little
rounded on the lateral angles; the sharp edge separating the
superior and posterior face quite crested; the crest erect, trans-
verse, very finely crenulatc (sometimes not well developed)
Metathorax rounded-triangula/, a little prolonged backward^
convex, parted by a groove or a channel. Its apex with pro'
duced bifid articulate valves, but not spined. Head and thorax
densely punctate, the metathorax more finely punctate than the
rest, silky; the lateral ridges garnished with argenteous hair
Abdomen elongate, fusiform (spindle-shaped), subpetiolate ; the
first segment longgr than wide ; its base shortly pet) late, the
remainder funnel-shaped, swelled above, a little toothed on each
side; sometimes transversely channelled before the edge. Second
segment not much elongate, bell-shaped, a little depressed First
segment cribrose like the thorax ; 2d more finely punctured,
except on its hinder margin; 3d and following segments not
sensibly punctured.

Black. Head quite black; orbits silvery; a yellow spot at
base of the scape. Anterior margin of prothorax, a spot under
tho wing, posterior margin of scutel, articular valvjB of meta-
thorax, and the margin of the first two abdominal segments
yellow. Tcgulffi ferruginous. Feet black ; tibia3 maculate with'
yellow at base; their apical spine yellow. Wings smoky, prin-
cipally on the anterior margin.

Var. a. Segments 3-5 margined with fuscous.
h. Fascia of scutel wide or narrow.

c. Segments 4, or 4 and 5 incompletely marglnate with yellow.
9. Clypeus ovate-circular, black, punctate, rather bidcntate.
%. Clypeus yellow, nearly heart-shaped, but reversed- the
inferior part widest, with a little notch in the middle, foiining

354

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMEKICA.

[part I.

two small triangular teeth ; scape of the antennae beneath with a
yellow line.

Bess. a. diff. — A distinct, small species, well characterized by-
its truncate, crested, black post-scutel, which distinguishes it from
0. coyotus, tacubayse, totonaous, and by its smooth metathorax,
which separates it from c/uc/imecMS and lepanecus. — Comp. with
0. zendalus.

Hah. The temperate parts of Mexico. Several specimens were
caught by me in the valley of Mextitlan, others were sent to me
from Orizaba by Mr. Sumichrast (5 ^, 13 9).

150* O. Zendalus Sauss. (Fig. 24, 24a.)— Niger, nitidus; capite et
thorace crasse punctatis ; abdomiue minus crasse et parum profunda
punctato ; scutello postice acute truuoato. oristato ; primo abdominis seg-
luento trigouali-cupiMfonni, superne tumido, prae margine constricto;
pronoti margine autico, scutelli fascia, abdominisque segmentorum 1', 2'
margine, sulfureis. Alis fusco-uebulosis. — J. Clypeo rugose; autennis
immaculatis.

Odyn. Zendalus Sauss. Revue de Zool., XXII, 1870, 140, 31.

Total length, 9 mm. ; wing, 6.5 mm.

Form and appearance very much as in 0. Totonaous. Head
and thorax coarsely cribrose. Thorax wide anteriorly, narrowed
posteriorly. Prothorax finely crested, angulate. Post-scutel
strongly truncate and sharply crested; its superior face very
short; the posterior elevated face finely punctured; the crest
forming the separation of the two faces finely crenulate, its angles
well marked. Metathorax finely punctured, clothed with argen-
teous pile. Its cavity smooth, rather square. Abdomen spindle-
shaped; the first segment cup-shaped, subtriangular, swelled
above and constricted before its margin. The first three seg-
ments with very shallow punctures, rather large ; the following
finely punctured.

Black, shining. Head quite black. Anterior ma.'gin of pro-
thorax, a fascia on scutel (or two spots), and the margin of the
first two abdominal segments, yellow. Tegulae and feet black;
tarsi rather ferruginous. Wings clouded with brown.

9. Clypeus rounded, rough, scarcely emarginate ; antenna3
quite black.

Ress. a. diff. — Quite the appearance of 0. totonaous, but very
distinct from this by its crested and black post-scutel, anterior

ODYNERUS.

355

yellow margin of prothorax, and strong punctures. It lias much
the form of O. acolhuus, but differs by its size (twice as large),
its stronger punctures, its higher head, its first abd. segment, not
petiolate at base, its rather difi'erent livery, its immaculate
antennae, flanks and tibia, ?.

Hab. The temperate part of Mexico. Oriental Cordillera
(Sumichrast).

B. Melathorax armed superiorly with two tubercles, sometimes

very small.

151. O. Nalllius Sauss.— Niger, gracilis, elongatus, crassissime cribri
instar punctatus; pronoto bidentato; post-scutello antice transverse
cristato, postice cribrato ; metathorace producto, rotundato, foveola
punctata instructo, superne bituberculato ; abdominis 10 segmento
subpetiolato, 20 elongate ; reliquis tenuissime punctatis ; pronoti uiar-
gine antico, tegularum limbo, fascia scutelli, abdominis segmentorum
1', 2' niargine maculaque tibiarum, sulfareis.— f . Ciypeo nigro, rotun-
dato, subbidentato.

, Oclyn. Nahuus Sadss. Revue de Zoolog., XXII, 18V0, 140, 32, 9 .

Total length, 8.5 mm. ; wing, 5.5 mm.

9. Small. Tery slender and elongate, having much the form
of 0. Tacubayse. Head a little higher than wide, not much
swollen behind. Thorax elongate; anterior margin of prothorax
crested, its angles spiniform. Scutel having on its anterior part
a fine transverse crest, finely crenulate ; its hinder part behind
the crest transverse, cribrose, transversely square, very obtusely
angulate. Metathorax prolonged, rounded, having a distinct
concavity, nearly reaching the post-scutel ; this cavity cribrose
like the rest of metathorax, its margins quite rounded, effaced,
but having on the superior part two little rounded tubercles,
punctured like the rest. Articular valves of the apex of the
metathorax not spiniform, more flattened. Head and thorax
excee(*ingly coarsely cribrose ; the metathorax not as coarsely
so, but yet strongly. Abdomen elongate. The fir.st segment
cribrose like the thorax, funnel-shaped, a little petiolate ; about
as wide as long, convex, and a little constricted before its margin.
Second segment cylindrical, much elongated, though not strongly
cribrose. The following segments quite finely punctured.
Black, a little silvery sericeous. Head and antennae quite

856

IIYAIENOPTERA OF AMEBICA.

[part I.

black. A narrow margin on the anterior border of protliorax,
margin of tegula3, a transverse band on the middle of seutel, and
a narrow line margining the first two abd. segments, sulphur-
yellow ; that of the 2d complete beneath. Tibia) marked with
yellow. Wings smoky.

9 . Clypeus rounded, very coarsely punctured ; its apex with
two quite approximate, very small teeth.

liess. a. diff. — This is an elongate species like 0. Tacuhayse,
very distinct by its quite coarse punctures, even on the 2d abd.
segment ; much coarser even than in chichimecus.

It differs : from Tacubaym by its sharply angulate prothorax,
crested seutel, bituberculate metathorax, and wider 1st segment,
as also by the margin of 2d segment which is truncate, not
arcuate; from 0. olmecus, by its thorax, not triangular, not so
wide anteriorly, not so attenuated posteriorly, its wider cup-
shaped 1st segment, and by the tubercles of metathorax which
are not sharp, but rounded and punctate : from tepanecus by
most of the preceding characters. So also from 0. chiehimecus,
except by its 1st segment which is shaped as in this species ; the
post-scutel also is not vertically truncate ; its edge being an
anterior ridge, not a posterior one. This last character distin-
guishes it also from 0. acolhuus.

Hah. The temperate part of Mexico. Oriental Cordillera
(Sumichrast).

15S« O. Olmecus Saoss. — Minutns, gracillimus, niger, punctatus ;
prothorace biclcntato ; post-scutello medio transverse cristato ; uieta-
thoracH infere foveolato, superne tenuisaime bituberculato, apice bi-
spinoso ; abdominis 1° segmento elongato, infuudibuliformi ; capite
omnino nigro, pronoti margine antico, macula subalari, tegulorura
limbo, scutelli abdominisque segmentorura 1', 2' (vel i', 2', 4') margine
postico, flavis ; spinis metathoracis apicis tibiisque extiis, flavis.

%. Macula mandibulorum, dypeo, scapo subtus, flavis ; flagello subtus
fulvo; clypeo latissirae truncato.

Odyn. Olmecus Sadss. Revue de Zool., XXII, 1870, 140, 33, % .
Total length, 7 mm. ; wing, 5.7 mip.

Small and slender, elongate. Having much the form of 0.
acolhuus. Head circular, rather swollen and concave behind.
AntcnniB inserted rather low. Thorax not very elongate, tri-
angular, wide exteriorly, attenuated posteriorly. Prothorax

ODYNERUS.

851

subtus

of 0.
behind,
vtc, tri-
)thorax

sharp, its angles dcKtiform. Post-sciitol truncate, but its poste-
rior face not so vertical, more oblif^jc, its middle occupied by a
transverse creiiuiated cresi; tlie crenulutions blunt. Motutliorax
triangular, prolonged, convex, willi lateral sharp edges, clothed
with white silvery pile; the middle occupied by a polished^ punc-
tured cavity, not reaciiing the top, but continued 'to the post-
scutel by a groove. The superior margin of this cavity armed
on each side with a very little, compressed, shari) tubercle (or a
quite short ridgo). The articular valvse of the apex of the meta-
thorax each bideutate, the superior tooth of which is prolonged
into a long spine. Abdomen very elongate. The first segment
longer than wide, funnel-shaped; with a sort of transverse depres-
sion before its margin. Second segment a little depressed bell-
shaped, rather long,

Head, thorax, and 1st segment above, densely cribrose, not
quite as strongly as in cliichimecu.-f ; the metathornx and the 2d
segment quite liuely punctured, except on the posterior part of
the latter.

Black, sericeous. Head quite black. Anterior margin of pro-
thorax, margins of the tegulaj, inferior spines of nietathorax, pos-
terior margin of scutel, and of the first two abdominal segments,
yellow. Often the 4th segment also, more or less marginate.
The crenulation of post-scutel, and the two little tubercles of the
summit of nietathorax finely punctate with yellow.

Feet black; knees and tibiae outside, in their total length (%)
yellow; tarsi ferruginous beneath. Wings hyaline, smoky along
the anterior margin.

% . Clypeus having a quite exceptional form ; square-rounded ;
as broad as high, or broader; its superior margin rounded ; tlie
inferior margin quite widely truncate, snbconcave ; its angles
blunt, but the inferior extremity of the lateral margin rather
swelled, somewhat tubercular. A spot on the mandibles, clypeus,
a line under the scape, yellow; flagellum fulvous beneath.

i?«.s.s. a. cliff. — This differs from 0. chichimecus, by its larger
size, its head as wide as high ; its prothorax much wider ; its
metathorax much more elongate and triangular, with a smaller
cavity and quite small tubercles ; its post-scutel shorter, with its
crest placed near the anterior margin; by its first abd. segment
much more elongate, funnel-shaped ; by the 2d, quite finely
punctured. — From O. tepanecus it is sufficiently distinct by its

SijS

IIYMENOl'TEUA OF AMERICA.

[part 1.

I

iiietallionix, destitute of large tubercles, its crested post-scutcl,
and nut spiuod clypeu.s {%).

From O. avuUiuus, it diU'crH by ita post-scutel not truncate so
as to have a vertical posterior face, its crest being more anteriorly
placed, not on the posterior ridge; by its njctathorax, bitubcr-
culato siii)eriorly and bispined ut the posterior end. The 1st
segment is also more elongate, and the elypeus % is not aiigular-
bidentate on its inferior margin Comp. also 0. nuhuus.

From O. coyoluti and iutonacua it diilers sufliciently by its
crested truncate post-seutel.

Hab. The temperate parts of Mexico. Ouo % from the valley
of Orizaba (Sumichrast).

153. O* Cllicllimecus Saurs. — Miuimus, gracillimus, iiiger, orihri
iustar puiictatus ; prothorace biJeiitato ; post-scutello truiicato, cristato ;
luetauoto supeiiie bituberculato; capite et antennis f oimiiiio nigris ;
piotlioiaoia iiiargine autico, scutelli et abiloniiiiiri segrneutorum 1', 2'
margiuu postico, llavis ; tibii^ et teguli:i flavu-oruatis.

Odi/n. chicliimecus Sacss. Revue de Zoolog., IX, 1857, 2S0, 9-

Total length, 6 mm. ; wing, 4.5 mm.

9. The smallest ppccios. Head a little higher than wide.
Antciinaa inserted below its middle. Sinus of the eyes very open.
Thorax slender, not contracted anteriorly ; its anterior margin
finely crested ; its angles toothed. Post-seutel truncate ; its ridge
arcuate, crested, but not very strongly. Metathorax convex,
prolonged, having a polished shallow cavity, not extended supe-
riorly to the post-seutel ; superiorly this cavity is margined on
each side by a little compressed sharp tubercle. Extremity of
metathorax with two little spines, next to the two teeth which
make the articulation. Abdomen elongate ; the first segment
triangular funnel-shaped, swelled and a little constricted before
its margin, which is rather thick. Second segment cylindrical ;
head, thorax, and first abdominal segment polished and cribrose
with strong punctures; metathorax and second segment not quite
as strongly cribrose, and with a line of stronger punctures along
its margin. Metathorax finely punctured. Segments 3-6 quite
finely punctured. Black. Anterior margin o£, prothorax, poste-
rior margin of scutel, and of the first two abdominal segments of
the abdomen, yellow; wing scales marginate with yellow; tibioB
yellow on the superior face, at least at base. "Wings subhyaline.

ODYNEllUS.

359

Var. Tlu! yellow band of scutel interrupted.

9. Head and anteiinic (inito black. Clypeiis cribroac like the
bead ; having the shape of a .sijuare lo/en<jo, its inferior niaryiri
arcuate, iinpereeptibly bideiitate.

ltcs>i. a. iliff. — This species has much resomblanco to 0. Tacit-
baijre, becau.so of its elongate 2d abd. segment, but it in (piito
distinct from it, u-^ also from 0. coi/o/us and toloiiacu.^, by its
truncate, crested post-scutel, and its bidentate mdatliorax. This
last character only separates (). trpanevus, o/hiccvw, and tiahtdi.-i.

llab. The temperate parts of Mexico. 1 caught one ? in the
valley of Mcxtitlau.

154. O. tepanecus Sauss. — Parvulns, gracilis, niger, tenniter p'lno-
tatus ; post-scutello truiicato ; metjitlionue valde bituberculato ; ttl)ilo-
miuis 1° segmento infundibiiliforiiii, siibpetiolato ; ai)ic« puiicto impresso
notato, oai)itia punctis, pionoti, scutelli, ab(loininis(jii« segnieiitoriiin 1',
2' (vel 1', 2', 4'), margiiio, llavis; tibiia basi flavo-variis. — %. Clypeo
flavo, apice spiuis 2 uigris, aiitennin uigris.

Oilijn. Tepanecus SAosa. Revuo de Zool., IX, 18.17, 280, %

J. Total leiigtb, 7.5 mm. ; wing, 5.5 mm.

Very small. General form very much as in 0. acolhuus,
slender. Head circular or a little higher than wide. Antennae
inserted rather low. Notch of the eyes very open. Prothorax
not having its angles dentiform, Scutel truncate, transverse, not
crested, but having a transverse edge. jVLetathora.x triangular,
a little prolonged; its lateral edges arcuate, sharp, hairy; its
hinder face parted by a deep channel and armed on each side
under the angles of post-scutel with a strong, sharp, dentiform
tubercle, looking backwfurd ; these tubercles compressed, having
a sharp, lateral salient ridge, extending to the angles of post-scutel
(very evident, when viewed in profile). Apex of metathorax with
two wide articulate, not spined valvae. Abdomen slender, spindle-
shaped; first segment small and narrow, subpetiolate, funnel-
shaped, but swelled above, gibbous, as if truncate anteriorly; an
impressed point before its posterior margin. Second segment
rather oval, narrowed but not constricted at base, rather depressed,
but not all tuberculate. The whole insect finely punctured.

Black, sericeous. A frontal, ocular, and post-ocular spot,
yellow. Anterior margin of prothorax, posterior margin of
scutel, articular valvaa of the metathox-ax, and the first two seg-

SCO

UYMKNOI'TERA OP AMKllICA.

[PAUT I.

ments of tho abdonioii, yollow. The 4tli scgmrMit ((^ftcn ?) with
ail incomplete yellow baml. Wiiifj rcuIo brown, nmrgiiiod witli
yellower ferniginous. Feet black; tibiic ut base outside and
tiuMr apical spines, yellow. Wings smoky. — 9. Clyi)eus yellow,
widened below, terminated by two very strong, i)lunt, black
spines. Mandibles and antenna) wholly black. A yellow line
between the insertion of the antenna).

jBt'88. a. diJ/'.--Tbis small species is quite distinct by its
strongly tuberculato metalhorax. It could only !.e confounded
with 0. chichimccus, but it is not so small, nor as slender; tho
thora.K is not as cylindrical; the body not as strongly punctured ;
tho seutel is not crested ; tho metathoracic tubercles are much
stronger and the direction of the shar)) external ridge of these is
convergent downward, while in chichimccus the tubercles are on
tho contrary a sort of superior margin of au indicated cavity of
the metathorax.

Compare also 0. olmcrus and nahuus.

Hub. The temperate parts of Mexico. I caught only one
male in tho valley of Mextitlan.

Subgenns EPIPONUS' Shuck.

Eplpona Shuck. ; Sauss. — Oplopvst Wesm. ; Sauss. Vespid., I, 217. —
Oplomcrus Wkstwood. — Pterochilus ex. p. Hekk.-Sch«ff.

Abdomen quite ovate, depressed ; the first segment c'lp-shaj^ed,
sessile, or subpednnculate at base, sensibly narrower than
the 2d, but not constricted at base. Thorax short, rather
globular. Metathorax rounded, destitute of angles and of
sharp edges, without rugosities. Second recurrent nerve
of the anterior wing falling upon the 2d transvcr so-cubital
nerve or very close to it. — (Appearance of tho genus
Pterochilus.)

% % . Antennse having at times the last joint recurved like a hook;
these organs being more often elongate, thick, with their
last joints c\:mpressetl, flattened, curled up to a spiral. —
Clypeus generally wider than long; very strorgly bidentate.

This type quite recalls the appearance of Pterochilus and it
forms the intermediate step between these insects and the true
Odynerus. The characters of the Division Epipona are princi-
pally to be found in the males, but the appearance of these insects

> 'i9ri7re>«c, laborious.

0DYNERU8.

3GI

is sufficient to distinguish tlioiu ; it is even so stril<iiip that one
wouiU bo tcmptoil to niiso it to a genus, did then; not exist,
princii>ally in Europe and in AlVicu, a Herics of intermediato
types wlucli allies tijem by very gradual and natural transitions
to the true OdynerL These transitions are even so euniplete
that one is mueh perplexed to know how to limit the subgenus
Epiponua.^ Jjut as the intermediate types are prineipally inhabi-
tants of the old world, the dilFieulty with the Ameriean species is
much diminished, although it appears in the ease of some Ante-
jnponus.

'I'heEpiponus seem to be peculiar to the boreal hemispl>ere and
to Africa; the true i£'p<;/jo/ms are the northern type, the Ante-
piponiis thoaouihern type, aa well in America as in Europe.

Division ANTP:PIP0NU9.
(Sahhs. Et. Ve.spia., Ill, 244.)

Mandibles of the inaleH vot notched, nor armed ivilh a spur.
Antennae of the males either armed with a hook; or vurli-d
up into a spiral at the eiiremity. First abdominal secjment
cup-shaped, sessile or rather subpedunculate at base. As
said above, I at first placed this division in the subgenus
Odvnerus, but the appearance of its representatives being
quite that of the Ei'ivvavs, it will better find its place in
this division.

1. Antennee of the males terminated by a hooh. (Sauss. Yesp.,

I, 213, Sect. C.)
No representative yet found in America.

2. Antennae terminated by a spiral curl. (Sauss. Vesp., I, 216,

Sect. IP.)

This section only differs from the true A>))onMs by the niandi-
bles of the nmles being simple, and the clypeus not so mueh

In my Etudes sur la Fam. de. Ve.p,de.., I have included these transitory
speo.es m the division A„te,npona (HI, 208), bnt this division is only
an expedient to help in the determination of the species; it is not a
natural division-no more than any section one mnst form in a contina-
ous senes conducting from one form to another hy gradual transitions.
(Comp. Et. Vespid., Vol. I, 213, C, and 21G, Il.-Ibid., Vol. Ill, 298.)

302

IIYMENOl'TKIlA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

notclH'd. It (|uit(' approaclicn J'lrrochiluit in its gciicnil forma
uiiil in tho sliapo of tlio clypfua. Jt only dillurrt from ihuso hy Iho
labial palpi boiiig tsutall, -(-joIiiUmI ami iiol iKiclinato.

It has tho same goograitliical distribution as tho Ptcruvhilus,
being the southern type of .lie genus. In Anieriea it ha-s only
been found in Me.vit'o as yet; in the old world it is spread over
the southern part of Europe and the temperate part of Afiiea,
north and south

165. E. denticulatus Sadps. (Fip. 30, 30a.)— Vnliclua, iilger, fnlvo-
hirtuH; pronoto, i)(>Ht-sciitoilo, nlidoiiiiiiisquo segumiitis tlavo-liiiibatis;
si'cuiiilo 8fguieiito, uti'iiKiiiu iiiauulii rnt'a ; aiitfiiiiuritni basi ot ])e(libu3
bndiis. — %. Clypi'o flavo, apice nigro; fomoribus iuturmediia einargi-
natis ; tibiis pnstiuis dilatatit*.

Lfftochilui denticulalusisAVtia. Rev. do Zool., VII, 1856, 373.'

Total length, 14 inm. ; wing, 11 ram.

Ai)pearanec of a Pte.ruchiluH, but the labial palpi small, quadri-
artieulate, not pectiimte. Mandibles knife-sliaped, with threo
little notches. Thorax ovate, round ; first abdominal segment
cup-shaped, or widely spoon-shaped, not very sessile; its base
subpedunculate. Second segment short. The whole insect
densely punctured and hirsute with long fulvous hair.

Black. Anterior nuirgin of prothorax ancl post-scutel sulphur-
yellow. AVing scales ferruginous or yellowish. Tho abdomiiml
segments all adorned with a sulphur-yellow margin, rather wider
on the .3d, 4th segments than on the 2d ; the margin twice notched
with black on the segments 3-0; the 2d segment adorned besides
with two large ferruginous lateral spots. Feet ferruginous or
yellowish, black at base. Wings subhyaliue, soiled with gray-
ferruginous.

Var. Post-scutel black ; tegulse maculate with yellow.

%. Clypeus wide below; attenuated at its summit; its apex
but little prolonged, truncate, biangulate. Tho surface yellow,
clothed with silvery hair, except on its extremity which is black
and strongly punctured. Antennse very long, black, with the first
two joints ferruginous, yellow anteriorly ; the last joints quite
compressed, annulate with yellow, principally below. Inter-
mediate femora of rather different form, strongly canaliculate

' Erratum. — Page 373, line 19tli, instead of Tibias, read Fades.

OnYNKIll'8.

8r.3

beneath, mid stroiif-Iy iiotdiod lieyoiid tlio inidillo, on their uiit«'rior
face; tlio nolfh ulnicist forminj^ thrt'o-((iuii'terrt (if ti eirele; its
un^Hes (|iiil(' hhurp, dentiform. I'o-lerini' til)iiu Htruiij^iy dihited,
fiuniowhiit. IIS in the MellifcnL', tonuinutod very widely; the inner
anjfhi forndng almost a imiecsri.

Ilenti. a. dij/. — This insect has quito the nppearnnce of Pfrrn-
chilus aztcvus, but it dilVora by its small and not feathery luliial
l>a1i)i.

JIdh. Mexico. I caught but ono specimen in the Cord Hera
of Cosconiolepec.

Division rPIPONtrs (proprie dicta).

Mandihh'H of Ihc malcH havitxj beyond tin'- middle a large nntoh,
/(dlowcd 1)1/ a lixilh or «y<'/r. AnU'.nme vl(»i<j(dt', Uiiclc;
(heir (•xh'v.tnilij curled up inln a i<pirul. ('hjpeuH % wider
titan lotuj, %!cnj Klromjh/ hideidnte. — The xeeoud rerurrenl
nerve of the anterior xoimj falling upon the 'Id trannvemo-
cubital nerve, or very near it.

The trno 2?/r«^>orju.'<soom to bo pccub'ar«"to tho temperate and
northern parts of tho sonthcrn liemisphere ; they are abundant in
Europe, rare in America; in the lower latitudes they give i)iaee
to the Antepiponvi*,^\\\v\\, with the same appearance, approach
more nearly to tho true Odnnerux.

In regard to the distinction of the species one must notice that,
contrary to the usual case, in this group it is not tlic female, but
the nude, which ofl'ers the most distinctive characters.

Beside the subgeneric chara(.'ters, peculiar to the total number
of the males, there are others specially Iielonging to a part of the
species; some have the coxie or intermediate femora indented;
others have the clypeus curiously shaped. But tho females are
far from being so well characterized, and the distriI)ution of tho
colors must be strongly relied upon in distinguishing the species.

196. E. dilectllS Sauss. (Fig. 20, 29a.)— Niger, piinctatus, fusco-
hiisutus ; fiontis macula, puiicto post-oculari, til)iis, tarsia abdorninisquH
segmentorum limbo, sulfiireis; ultimis segmentis tantuia fascia abbre-
viata flava; alis snbhyalinia, tcfiulis fusco et tlavo maculatis. — % . Cly-
peo flavo, valde liidentato, ore et anteuuis subtus tlavis ; femoribiis in-
termediis tridentatis.

Odyn. dilectus Sauss. Revne dn Zool., XXII, 1870, 141, 34, %.
^ . Total length, 9 mm. ; wiug, 8 mm.

2G4

HYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part 1.

Head very densely punctured ; thorax closeiy slingroenod.
Post-scutcl trnneate, liaving an elevated posterior faee ; incta-
tliorax quite rounded, posteriorly more flattened than excavated,
strigose. Abdomen quite ovate, polished; the first segment eup-
shaped, anteriorly somewhat rounded truncate.

Black; the body all bristling with long fulvous hair, especially
on the head and thorax ; that of the abdomen shorter and more
gray. A frontal transverse mark, a post-ocular spot, and tlie
margin of the middle of prothorax, sulphur-yellow. "Wing scales
testaceous, black at base. A regular yellow fascia on the seg-
ments 1-5 of the abdomen ; the fasciae 3-5 ablireviated. Feet
black ; knees, tibia), and tarsi, yellow (Z). "Wings subhyaline.
The 2d recurrent ircrve falling neaj'Iy into the od cubital cell.

9. Unknown.

%. ^landibles yellow, having near the extremity a strong
notch, followed by a stout tooth. Labruni yellow. CMypeus
wider than long, yellow, terminating in two long teeth, separated
by a wide notch in the form of an arch. Antenna) very large,
thick, black above, yellow beneath ; the last six joints flattened
and rolled up into a spiral, quite black. Intermediate femora
strongly bidentate beneath; their first tooth slender and elongate,
in form of a broken spine; the intermediate shorter and more
widely compressed, the third forming a sort of lamella attenuated
up to the extremity of the femur, these teeth separated by wide
notches. Intermediate tibise apparently notched at base and
tumefied from the middle. The 6th segment slightly margined
with yellow.

i^'.v.s". a. diff. — This is the only American representative known
of the subgenus Epijwnufi. Compared with the European species,
it quite resembles 0. spiinpea, except that the 8d tooth of llie
intermediate femora is not quite so much developed. It might
be 0. sjJinipes, transmigrated and modified.

APPENDIX TO THE GENUS 0DYNERU8.

1. Species sedis incertse.

The following species I cannot introduce in the classification
of the genus, their forms not having been sufficiently described. •

large,

APPENDIX TO THE GENUS ODYNEIirS. 305

1. O.rilfinodlis CREssoN.-Niger, valde punctatuH, albido variegatua-
luetathorace rufo, utrinque dentem efflc-ionte ; abdominis segmentis 1-3
luteo-limbatis; lo, 20 xuargiue rell«xo ; pedibus ruCs ; alis nebulosis.
0. rufmodus Cbess. Amer. Ent. Traug., I, lS(i7, 381, 22, ? .
Total length, 3,5 liuea.

<?. Black, densely and deeply punctured; head large face and
base of clypcus with glittering i.ubescenco, the latter subconvex •
hnindiblcs rufous, black at tips, the inner edge with throe obtuse
teeth; palpi honey-yellow; antennaj short, clavate, entirely black-
ish; a transverse line, interrupted medially on prothorax, a round
spot on each .ide of pleura, teguhu, except a brown medial spot
and two spots on scutollum, white ; nietat.orax rufous, silvery on
the sides, deeply excavated posteriorly, the extreme lateral apical
angles produced into a subacute spine; wings subhjalino the
costa narrowly fuliginous ; legs entirely rufous, the posterior
tarsi slightly dusky; abdomen with the apical margins of the
first and second segments reflexed and narrowly whitish as well
as that of the third; basal segment campanulato, conyex,'without
any transverse carina and suture at base, rufous; second se-ment
suddenly swollen, convex, its posterior whitish, margin sinuous
anteriorly, and continued, narrowly, beueath; fourth and fohowiug
segments entirely black.

Bab. New Mexico. 1 ?,

This species is most likely very variable in its colors. It may
prove to belong to Division Odijnerus.

a. O. productMs.-Niger; capite thoraceque flavo-guttatis et valde
punctatis ; abdomiue faaciis duabus liavis oriiato.

0. productus Smiju, Lend. Ent. Trans., 3d Ser., I, 1862, 37, ^ .

Total length, 3.5 lines.

% . Black, the head and thorax strongly punctured ; the clypctis
and a small spot above it, a minute spot in the siuus of the eyes and
another behind them, the seap(. in front and a spot on the mandibles
pale yellow ; the flagellum fulvous beneath. The posterior mar-
gins of the prothorax, a spot beneath the tubercles, the tegukc
l.ost-scutellum, the metathorax behind, and a spot on the anterior
and intermediate tibiie, yellow; the anterior tibiie and tarsi fer-
ruginous ; the wings hyaline, with a dark fuscous stain in the
marginal cell ; a ferrugiuous spot on the teguluj. Abdomen finely

3GG

nVMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[PAUT I.

punctured, tlie first and second segments with a broad yellow
margin, which is continued beneath ; the second segment produced
in the middle, forming a sharp angle or tooth ; the following
segments very narrowly bordered with yellow ; the first segment
entirely pale beneath.

Hah. Panama

This species is very likely to be classed in Division Steno-
dynerus.

2. Species dubia.

The following species I first thought by its facies to be a North
American one, but as it never occurred to me in any American
collection, I must deduce from this fact that it did not originate
on this continent.

It would find its place in the Division Odynerus.

O* Tisiphone Lep. — Omnino niger, sat gracilis ; olypeo vix emargi-
nato, carinato-subdentato ; metanoti inarginibus superne pauluiu ole-
vatis, acutis ; post-scutello flavo ; abdominis primo segmeuto aiiguste,
secundo teuuiflsime sulfureo-limbatia ; alia nigro-violaceis. J . — Long.
15 mm.

Odynerus Thiphone Lep. St. Faro., Hymen. II, 646, 31, ? (1841).—
Sacss. Vespides, I, 183, 77.

Hab ? (America?)

aen. LEPTOCHILIJS Sadss.
Leptochilus* Sauss. Etud. Vespid., I, 233, III, 320.

Appearance of genus Odynerus (Stenodynerus), but the abdo-
men is subpedunculate ; its first segment more or less funnel-
shaped.

Labial palpi very slender. Maxillary palpi slender.

This genus should evidently be united with the genus Odynerus,
and will most likely find its place in the Stenodyneri, next to the
group of 0 huastecus. Unfortunately, not possessing the types,
I cannot exactly decide how the species should be placed.

The abdomen is constricted between the 1st and 2d segments,
more than in the Stenodynerus; nevertheless, this is only a
provisional genus which cannot well be preserved.

• AiTTTOf, thin ; ;t^^o{, lip.

LEPTOCHILUS.

3GT

1. Maxillary palpi quite shnder. First abdominal segment
subpedunculate, much narrower than the second.

1. L. fallax Sadss.— Sat minutus, niger, pronoto autice lato ; sub-
angulato, scutello subquadiato ; metauoto postice valde excavato,
margiiiibus rotundatis, rugosis ; abdominis primo seguiento couvexo[
^ ip undibuliformi, minus lato quam secundum; hoc basi subconstrictoi
margine reHexo, valde rugoso ; capite, thorace et abd. lO segmento valdj
punctatis ; puncto froutali et post-oculari, sulfureo ; antennis aubtus
et basi, ferrugineis ; pronoto, tegulis, macula subalari, post-scutello,
pedibus et nonnuuquam metanoti lateribua, rafis ; pronoto insuper
antice flavo marginato ; abdominis pri^T segmento rufo, basi uigro,
margine flavo; secundo flavo-marginato ; basi rufo-bimauulato; 30 et
40 (3) tenuissime flavo-marginatis ; alls hyalinis.— Long. 11 mm.
S- Clypeo rotundato, flavo, subbideutulato; scapo antice fascia flava ;
orbitis intus flavo-marginatis.

Leptochilus fallax Sarss. Et. Vespid., I, 234, 2, pi. xx, fig. 6, % (1852).

Hab. America?

Observation.-TJnfovtnmtdy, I do not find this species again
in the collection of De Romand, in which I described it. As the
insects of this collection were very negligently labelled, it may
not be an American species ?

2. Maxillary palpi moderately slender, the first joint rather
swelled. First abd segment rather foide posteriorly,
although still tiot funnel-shaped.

2. L. ornatus SAnss.-Niger, valde punctatus ; clypeo latio^e quarr.
long.ore; post-scutello truncato, cantho acato instructo ; metanoto
excavato, marguubus rugosis, rotundatis ; abdomine basi subpednncu-
ato ; pr.mo segmento valde punctato, margine subreflexo ; secundo
sZ I TT '"« ^'"^ ^"'^"^^'^' '"^^^•■- «»^in--sato ; or:'
macula subalan, fasciaque interrupta in scut.llo, aurantLi ; primo
abdominis segmento obscure rufo; segmentis 10_30 tenniter a .ran 0

. 'luTl 'f "" "''"'' ""' ""■^^"■^ = '^"-^ ^"'>'.,alinis.-Lo:gi;. 1.
% . Clypeo et antennarum scapo fere omnino flavis.

Leptochilus ornatns Sauss. Et. Vespid. I, 230, 6, pi. xx, fig. 4, 9.
Hab. United States. Carolina (Paris Museum).

368

HYMENOPXERA CP AMERICA.

[part I.

Gea. PTEROCHILVS Klpq.

Pterochilus Kluo. ; Latr. ; Say ; Sauss.

Buccal parts elongate.

Labium very much elongate; palpi very large, thick, and
much elongate, composed of three joints, of which the lirst ia
swelled at the extremity; the 2d and 3d strongly compressed
and bipectinate, with very long pilosity ; the 3d joint very
elongate. — Maxillary palpi normal, composed of six joints. —
Mandibles large, elongate, trenchant, in the form of a kuifo
blade ; the internal edge trenchant, lobed, or notched ; the
external edge ciliated with long hair. — Chjpeus wide, often
lozongc-shaped or trapezoidal, more or less transverse. — Thorax
rounded anteriorly and posteriorly, globular or ovate. — Abdomen
ovate, depressed, the first segment cup-shaped, subsessile. —
Antennae of the males terminated by a hook or by a curved
spiral.

These insects have much the same appearance as the Epipona,
but tlioy are very distinct by the extraordinarily large labial
palpi, which are feathery, with very long hair.

The American species belong to the group of Pt. phaleratus and
biglumrs, characterized by their indented mandibles and rounded
raetathorax.

1* Pt. I^eivisii Cresson.— Validus, niger, fnlvo-pubesoena ; clypeo,
auteniiia basi, capitis maculis, pronotl macula subalari, raaculis 2
scutelli et 2 metanoti pedibusque feiTug;inei3 ; tegulis et post-scutBllo
flaveacentibus ; abdominis segmentis 1°, 20 rufis, basi nigris, omnibus
flavo-limbatis ; alis inquinatia.

Plerochihts Lewisii Cresson, Amer, Entom. Trans., I, 1867, 382, 25, 9.

Total length, 8.5 lin.

9. Robus.t; head and thorax clothed with a prle fulvous
pubescence ; abdomen silvery-sericeous in certain lights. Head
black, densely punctured ; posterior orbits broadly, anterior
orbits narrowly, from the emargination down, the clypeus entirely,
the mandibles, except the tips and base and lower margin

PTEllOCIIILUS.

869

. ?<

beneath, bright ferruginous ; elypeus subconvex, sparsely punc-
tured, pubescent, the lip produced and truncate; mandibles
large, long, acute at tip, with four obtuse teeth on the inner
edge before the tip; the outer surface with two oblique carlnm,
the lower margin fringed wit'^ bug yellow hair; maxillaj blackish,
their palpi fulvous, the apicai j. .nts fringed with very long hair;
anucuntfi black, the two basal joints bright ferruginous. Thorax
very densely punctured, black, the upper half of prothorax, spot
beneath anterior wing, two large, almost confluent spots on
scutellum, and the sides of the metathorax, bright ferruginous ;
post-scutellum and tegulte, except a central darker spot, yellow-
ish-ferruginous; metathorax short and very abrupt. Alidomen
robust, sessile, very densely punctured ; first and second segments
dull-ferruginous, with their apical margins bright yellow, and a
larger black spot on their basal middle; that on the first segment
longitudinal and even, that on the second transverse, angular oti
the sides and acutely pointed behind ; the yellow posterior margin
of the second segment is slightly and squarely emafginate on
each side anteriorly ; remaining segments bright lemon-yellow,
the third and fourth more or less black at base ; the two apical
segments are tinged with orange and the third to fifth segments
have a transverse orange spot on each side; beneath ferruginous,
with a lateral yellow spot at tip, and a large semicircular black
mark on the base of the second segment. Legs ferruginous;
C0X8B and trochanters black; the four posterior tibia) and base
of tarsi covered with short spines. Wings subhyaline varied
with fuliginous ; the costa and base stained with yellowish, sub-
violaceous.

Hah. New Mexico (Museum of the Am. Entom. Society).

2. Pt. !?fe%icanil8 Sauss. (Fig. 31, 31a).— Validus, niger, fulvo-liir-
sutus; ore, clypeo, macula frontali, oibitis partim, antennis basi, pio-
noto. lineis 2 mesonoti disci, tegiilis, niaculis pleurarum, scutellis,
metanoto utrinque, pedibusque rnfis ; abdominn rufo, segmenlis tiavo-
limbatis, 10, 20 basi nigris ; alis infiiscatis, violascentibug. J .

Pterochilus mexicanus Sauss. Rev. de Zool. XXII, 1870, 141, 36 J.

Total length, 16 mm. ; wing, 14 mm.

9. Large. Labial palpi very largo, ciliated with very long
black hair. Clypeus strongly punctured, truncate; its extremity
rather excavated in the middle, with oblique submurginal lateral
24

870

UYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

carina! below, terminating in its angles. Thorax not globular
rathev elongate, ovate. Scutcl eonvex, parted by a groove;
post-scutcl not parted. Metathorax rounded, divided by a
channel. Abdomen a little more elongate than in PI. azlecus,
tlie lirst segment not so short, snbangular posteriorly.

The whole insect densely punctured and clothed with fulvous
woolly hair.

Black. Mandibles, clypcu.s, the first two joints of the antennaj,
frontal spot, inner orbits and a large post-ocular band, rufous;
the clypcus above and scape beneath, yellow. Prolhorax above,
two spots or a band or +he flanks, tegulaj, two lines on the disk
of niesothorax, scutel, post-scutel, and two large raaculo* on the
metathorax, rufous. Abdomen rufous, with l central band on
the 1st segment, and a triangular part at base of 2d segment,
blaok ; all the segments more or less margined with yellow; anus
yellow. Feet ferruginous, black at base; coxcb spotted with
ferruginons ; tibiaj of the two posterior pair covered with small
spines. Wings pale fuscous, with violet iridescence.

Var. This species certainly varies greatly in the distribution
of its three colors, the black and yellow being more or less
extended.

liess. a. diff. — It differs from 0. aztecns by its coloration and
particularly by its thorax, not globular, but ovate, much longer
than wide. It is very likely to be a Mexican variety of PL
Lewisii Cress. I cannot be sure of \his without an examination
of the type. It has the wings more violaceous, not ferruginous
along the co.sta ; the disk of niesothorax is adorned with two
rufous lines and the abdomen may not be as sessile.

Hab. Mexico. One 9 I caught in the valley of Mexico, on
the high plateau.

3* Pt. Aztecus Sauss. — Validua, niger, tennissime pnnctatus ; capita
et tliorace fulvo-lanosis; abdomiiie ovato; ore, aiitennanim basi et pedi-
bu8 rufis ; clypeo flavo, apice grosse punctate, bicarinato, infra niedinra
nigro-bimaculato ; puncto po.<Jt-oculari, rnaculis 2 pronoti, post-scuteilo
et abdominis segmentorum limbo, flavis; segmentis 1°, 2° utrinque
macula rufa ; alis .subinfuscatis, costa basi ferruginea; tegulis rufis. 9*
Pteroehilus aztecus Sadss. Rev. de Zool. XXII, 1870, 141, 35 9.
Total lengtb, IG mm. ; wing, 12 mm.

9. Mandibles large, armed with three lobiform teeth, beside
the apical point; their external sides strongly ciliated with

PTEROCIIILUS.

371

long lialr. Labial palpi very large, strongly pectinate with long
hair.

Clypous convex, punctate, truncate and rather bituberculate at
tip. Tiie whole body densely punctured and clothed with woolly
ferruginous hair. Thorax globular, scutel and post-scutcl parted
by a groove, anteriorly rather carinated; nietathorax quite
rounded, finely strigate in the middle. Abdomen regularly
ovate, subscssilp; second segment beneath with a transverse
carina at base.

Black. .Alandiblos and the first two joints of the antenna^,
ferruginous. Clypeua yellow or ferruginous, with two black
marks below, laterally. A post-ocular line, two spots on pro-
thorax and a line on post-scutel, yellow or rufous; tcguliB rufous.
Abdominal segments all margined with yellow; the maro-i„s
twice notched ; that of the 2d segment narrower, rather sinuous.
The 2d segment having on each side also a large rufous separate
spot, and the 1st segment two similar lateral spots, but placed
on the yellow margin. Anus marked with yellow. Feet ferru-
ginous, black at base. Wings smoky; the anterior margin as far
as the stigma, ferruginous.

Var. Post-scutel with an interrupted yellow line, or black.
Bess. a. fZ/J.—This differs from the African species by its not
salient ...st-scutel, its mctathorax not excavated, but small
rounded, convex, only slightly channelled in the middle; even'
Its lateral ridges quite blunt. It most resembles Pt. biglumis
Sauss., but the clypeus is more convex and not not-hed. It
differs from Pi. mexicanus by its globular thorax, nearly as wide
as long.

Hah. Mexico. I caught one ? near Orizaba.

4. Pt. quinqiie-fasciatlis RAv.-Niger, mandibulis emarginatig,
clypeo, antennanm scapo, prothorace, tegulis ; raetanoto utrinque pedi-
busqne, ferrugineis ; macula subalari maculi.s 2 scutelli, post-sciuello
et abdomini.s fasciis quiuque, flavis ; segmentis lo, £0 utrinque macula
ferrugmea.

Pt. 5-fasciatus Sat, in Long's Exp. to the sources of the St. Pet Riv >*
II, Supp. 70 (1824).-SAn8s. Et. Vespid. I, 248, 13; HI 323 J
Say's Entomol. (Le Conte), I, 234. ' ' ' " *

Rhygchium 5-fasciatum Say, Best. Journ. T, 1837, 385.-Saoss. Et. Vespid.
I, 118.— Say's Entomol. (Lb Conte), II, 765, 2. *

Total length, 20 mm.

372 IIYMENOPTEllA OP AMERICA. [PART I.

"9. Head blnc?(, dilutod ; posterior and iintorior orbits, to the
cniargination of the eyes, ferruginoiKs ; liypu.stoma, scajms of the
antennae, and niaudibles, for'uginous; flagelhnu blaek-brown ;
labial ptlpi testaceous, very lung, ci: ate with long hair, three-
jointed, terminate joint much compressed, flat, obtuse at the tip;
stethidium black; cellar and wing scale ferruginous; scutel with
two large yellow spots; metathordx, with a transverse yellow
lino, and at the base on each side, a large ferruginous spot; wings
a little fuliginous; pleura with a yellow spot beneath the superior
wings; feet ferruginous; tergum black, with five broad, bright
yellow, somewhat dentated bands, the posterior one abbreviated;
lirst and second segments each with a large ferruginous ripot on
eacli side ; venter black, ferruginous at its base."

Hab. Missouri.

1 do not know this species. It seems to be very near to Pt.
aziecus, but with a richer coloratiou.

Gen. CTE]¥OCHIL.rS' Sauss.

Epipona Spin. — Pterochilus SAV^s.— Clenochilus Sacss. Vespid. Ill, 323.

Labial palpi pectinate as in Pterochilus.

Mandibles rather short, nearly obliquely truncate, strongly
indented. — Proihorax angulated. — Abdomen petiolate ; the first
segment quite contracted in its whole length into a petiole as in
Eumenes.

This genus represents the petiolate Pterochilus, and it bears
the same relationship to this genus as Eumenes to Odynerus.
It presents, however, this diiference ; the prothorax is angulated
and crested, which is not the case in Pterochilus. It has some-
what the fiicies of Zethus in the form of the petiole, the transverse
clypeus, the rather short mandibles (and the labial palpi, proba-
bly formed of three joints only, which I cannot verify).

The Ctenochilus occupy an intermediate group between 'Zethus
and Pterochilus.

Ct. pilipalpus Spin. — Gracilis, capite magno, postice excavato ;
clypeo transverso, apice tridentulato, flmbriato ; pronoto cristato-margi-
nato; scutdlis prominnlis ; petiolo lineaii, apice globoso-iiiflato ; clypeo

' KTSif , KTivo; comb ; x*''^'*> ^^P*

ALASTOR.

373

rnfo.n.gro-marginato et utrinque puncfuloalbido; nntennfs rnfls, apice
ing.>s ; proncto, macula Hul.alari, fascia scutelli, post-Hcutell.,, pu„eti8
. .« sumiuo metanoto tegulisque, lutds ; petiolo apicn, luteo-ma.ginato;
a... segn.entH 20, 30,.Ueo-n,u,.atis, Hecan.lo i„«uper l.asi fascia lutea
ped.bus runs ; alis ferrugiu.ia, apice griseis, ? —Lougit. 13 mm.
£p{poHa^pilij,afj,a Spinola, "u Gay's Hist. fis. de Chile, Zool., VI, 252

Pterochilu, piUpalpus Sacss. Kt. Vespid. I, 247, 12, pi. xx, fig. 8.

Hab. Chili (1 9 in the Taris Museurr.).

This insect is a native of Chili, and has the same sort of livery
as most of the HmmlyneruH, the Gayrlla an<l Alanlur from Chili •
that IS, black, hirsute, with rufo.is feet and white fascia an.l
rather fcrrufrinous wings, fuscons at tip. This livery of the
Chilian Vespi.he is one of the most elm- .cteristlc to be met with
in the geographical distribution of insects.

Gen. ALASTOR Lepbl. St. Faro.
Alastor Lep. ; Sadss. ; Smith.

The same characters as in Ochjnerus.—XUomii^ sessile.— T/^g
Becond cubital cell of the anterior wing petiolale upon the radial
cell.

The Alastors are only, so to speak, but Odyneri, in which the
2d cellule of the wing becomes p-tiolate. This modification can
produce itself in every section of the Odyneri; so one finds
among the Ala.^lor some types corresponding with the Odynerm
reproducing the same modifications of form.

The genus Alador in effect offers, like the genus Odynerus
types of the metathora.K angulated or blunted, with ridges tren-
chant or without salient borders ; types with a suture on the first
abdomi!-.;il segment or without suture, and forms the most varied,
appear also in the shape of the first segment.

These insects present themselves as if forming a series parallel
to the Odyneri, of which the diverse varieties of form seem to
be almost born of similar types, taken from the series of Ody-
nerus, types which are changed by the modification of the alary
venation.

In this genus, as in all others, one finds transitions to neigh-
boring genera. The second cubital cellule sometimes becomes

374

IIYMENOPTERA OF AMERICA.

[PAIIT I.

very slijjlitly pc<.iciilulo (or even triaiigiilar), tcrniinating tnwiird
thu rtidiiil ill u {xtiiit or u subpcdiculutu ]>oiiit, vvliicli constitiitoH
uii ins(!ii.sil)I(! passajj^o to tlio OdijneruH. 80 the (hh/ncrun Alos-
ioroides might liguro iudill'oreutly iu the ouo or the other of the
two genera.

The Ahmlor is met with, on all the continents, but it is rare
or in all cases very nuich less nuniorous than tlie OdifncrHs. It
is in Australia that it attains its niaxiinuni development, and in
that region of our globe it ajipcars almost to balaiiee the Odijnvrus
by the number of its species. In Kuropo but one species is
known. America furnishes a small number of species, but doiil)t-
less nioro will yet bo collected. It is probal)le that the United
Slates possess their Alaslor as well as Europe, although it has
not yet been met with.

The species of the new continent form a peculiar type with a
form lengthened and cylindrical, recalling the Slfnud^nrriia and
the Strnancislroccriix, but with the peculiar cliaracteristie of
having the nietalhorax notably prolonged beyond the post-scutel,
and then al)ruptly truncate, and offering a circuhir concavity,
bordered by a ridge, very trenchant and of a circular form.

Subgenus ALASTOROIDES.

(SAD8S. Vespide-s, III, 327.)

First abdominal segment parted by a transverse suture.

The American species form the

Division IIYPAL\STOROIDES.
CSadss. Vespides, III, 328.)

Metathorax superiorhj produced behind (he post-sciitel ; then
truncate. Its margins sharp.

1. A. Mexicaniis Sauss. — Gracilis, niger, crasse punctatns; pronoto
lato, biangulato; met.inoto valde rugoso, pone post-sciuelliim proiluclo,

• postice valde foveolato ; foveolse marginihuD superne semicircnlaiMter
arcuatis, acutissimis, denticulatis, maiginibus inferis liorizontaliter in
latnellam bilobatam piodnctis; abdomine basi acute trnncato; pronoti
et abd. segmentorum 1', 2' margine, pcntelli margine inlerrupto,
m«tanoti oanthis inferis, fasoiaque tibiaruin, flavis; alia iiebulosis

AI.ASTOR.

8T6

veiiirt nigriH.— -J,. Clypeo gmsse orilnato, supHniH fliivo, aiiice lute
emargin.'ito. — luridt: Tertio segiuento Uavo-iiiftrgiiifito.

Aldslor mexicuuus Sachs. Revue de Zoolog., XXII. 1870, 141, 37, 9.

% . Total length, l) mm. ; whig, 7.5 mm. (r«/-. length, 8 mm. ; wing, G mm.)

. Bofly slender and cylindricnl. ]Ioad ratiior thick. Thorax
convex, widest anteriorly, rather attenuated behind. Trothorux
having its anterior margin crested; its angles rather spinilbrin.
Sentel and post-seutel quite flattened, not at all salient, coiilinning
the Kurlaee of the thorax, which is further continued Iteliind the
po.st-scutel by the metathora.v. Head and thorax densely and
coarsely cribroso. Metathonix narrower, quite rngosely sculp-
tured,, vertically truncate; its hinder face quite excavated,
polished and sparsely punctured; its margins quite sharp, forming
superiorly a semicircle, not interrupted in tlut middle, treiicluuit
and acutely denticulate; the denticles forming a sort of erect
crest ; inferior margins transverse, forming on each side a kind
of rounded lamella, having a species of tooth at its base, or
bilobed. Abdomen quite sessile, shallowly punctured, the first
segment not as wide as the secoml, short, sparsely truncate
anteriorly, its anterior and superior face separated by the suture,
which makes a transverse ridge, almost a crest, the second s("<r.
ment having its margin smooth, but this is i)receded by a line of
strong impressed punctures. The following segments having
their margins smooth also, the base punctured, and the two zones
separated by a transverse impressed punctate lino.

Black, A dot behind the eye, a narrow line on the anterior
margin of prothorax, an interrupted margin on the scutel, inferior
edges of metathorax, a narrow marginal fascia on segments 1-2
of the abdomen, yellow. Feet black; tiljise with a yellow line.
Wings subhyaline, smoky; nerves black; 2d cubital cell much
petiolate. Wing scales black.

Va?'. Smaller. Superior margin of metathorax not denticulate.
Third abd. segment marginate with yellow; the ■Ith with two
lateral yellow bordering marks. Wing scales preceded and fol-
lowed by a yellow dot.— No yellow dot behind the eye.

%. Clypeus rounded, black, coarsely punctured, its inferior
border widely, but not deeply emarginate. The superior part
yellow. Antennae black, the scape with a yellow line; the hook
black.

3T6

IIYMKNOI'TEHA OF iiMKlUCA.

[I'AllT I.

llab. Tlio liot \)n\'\A of Ah^xico. 3 t). I t'nui,rlit tlio typo ia
Pueblo A'iojo, iiour Tuiiipico ; tlio variety is from Orizubu.

"X* A. llraHllicIlHlH Saubh.— ^-1. Mrxirano ailinisHimuH ; nt clypeo et
tlioraue iiiiiiiacnl.'Uis ; niMlouiiiiiH H«*giu«ntiH ;t'-^-riO temiisiiiuie llavo-
umrt,'iiiatiH, litiirU 4' et 0* iuterruptiH ; tarHirt ferruKiiiuiti.

Alastor lirasilkima Sauhs. Kt. Vespid. Ill, 32!), 211, pi. xvl, fig. 1, %
(1854).

Ilab. Brazil.

Subgenus ALASTOR proprie diet.
. (Sauss. Vespidea, III, 328.)

Flrd abdominal sajnunit without lransvc7'8C suture.

The Amcricaa specioa form tho

Division IIYFALASTOR.
(Saups. Vespid. Ill, 328.)

Form slender and cylindrical. Metalhorax superiorly pro-
duced behind the post-scutel, then truncate; its margins
sharp, (A group (piito corresponding to Hypalastoroides.)

3» At anglllicolliH Spin. — Nig«^r; pronoti niargino antico, macula
subalari, tegulis, fascia scutelli, margino postico abdominis segmentoruui
1', 2\ Inteis ; nnt«nnis pudibusque ferrugiuuis, his basi uigris ; alls for-
rugiiieis, apioe griseis. — Long. 11 mm.

5 • Clypeo nigro, antennarum soapo nigro, flagello suporne conspnrcato.
— % . Clypeo luteo; scapo rufo superue puncto obscuio.

Odi/nerns ntignjicollis Si'inol. in Gay's Hist. fis. de Chile, Zool., VI, 261,

7 (1851).
Alastor anyulicollis Sacss. Et. Veapiu. I, 258, 14, pi. xxi, fig. 7, % .

Eab. Chili.

4> A.melaiiosoma Sauss. — Omnino ater, gracilis, cylindricus ; clypeo
5 grosse puuctato, apice late 8ubexoiso,8ubbidentato ; capite et thoraoo
grosso punctatis ; thorace antioe latiore, pronoto biangiilato, in margins
antico et in lateribus marginato, metanoto valde rugoso, coarctato, valde
pone post-soutellum producto ; postice valde foveolato ; margine oircu-
lari acutissimo sup»»rne fisso ; margine infero bidentatc (sen quadri-
deutato) ; abdomine antice acute trnncato.

Alastor melanosoma Sauss. Et. Vespid. I, 259, 15, pi. xxi, fig. 8, J (1852).

Total length, 14 mm. ; wing, 10 mm.

ALAHTUR.

8TT

Form slondcr and cyliiulrk-ul. Forclicad rat her tuiiicftcd,
parted by all ul)ri(di'tc3 groove; betwccu the niitt-nim^ a vortical
carina. Tiiora.c iiiucli arclnMl above, aiiteriorly. I'rotlionix
ratlior coiicavcly cut anteriorly, its inarf^nn Leiiiniod ; tlui lieiu
forming a right angle on each side, along the lateral margin; the
angles laniellate, iuferiorly excavated. Scute! Uatteneil, included
behind by tho nictatliora.x, which is narrower than the rest of
thorax, cylindrical or rather truncate-conical, being slightly
narrowed posteriorly, much produ(;ed behind tlio post-scutel and
sharply truncate vertically, and parted by a groove superiorly.
Its i)osterior face circular, .strongly, spherically t\',a rted, smooth
and lluely punctured, parted by a fine groove; its .superior and
lateral margin.s forming together a sharp edge in the form of a
very regular circle, not complete inferiorly and notched .superiorly
by a fissure; this sharp circular edge slightly rellexed in a sort
of crest, but not crenulatc ; the inferior margins obli(pie, making
by their conjunction with tho circular margin on each side a
lateral tooth, often notched so as to form a second inferior angle.'

Abdomen elongate, cylindrical, quite sessile. First segment a
little narrower thin the second, rather elongate, very sharply
truncate anteriorly, fitting into tho concavity of tlic metal hora.v.

Head and thorax coarsely punctured ; the metathorax very
coarsely; abdomen quite finely and shallowly punctured; the
second segment (piito obsolotely channelled near its posterior
margin, but not rugose.

Quito black; feet rather silky with fulvous reflections. Wings
black, violaceous.

9. Clypcus polished, very coarsely cribroso, widely cmarginate
at the extremity, rather bidentate; the teet'i subcarinate.

HcHs. a. cliff. — Very closely allied to A.aingularis.

Ilab. Brazil (typo in tho author's collection).

Observation. — I first characterized this species as having its
metathorax quadridcntate, but the teeth in the lower part of
metathorax are often obsolete, so that it is sometimes only
bidentate.

5. A. singularis SAnss.— Niger, capite et thoraoe crasse punctatis ;
A. iiiplanosomcB affinissimus, at clypeo 9 latiore quam lonj^iore, aploe
truncate, hand einargiiiato ; metanoti oantho acuto, orbicnlari, infra

' Notched on one side and not on the other, in one specimen.

378

IlYMENOrTERA OF AMERICA.

[part I.

utrinque deiite spiniformi armato, supra vix fisso, subdenticulato ;
abdominis primo segiueiito teuuissiuio flavo-iuargiiiato ; tartsid rufis ;
alis iufuscatis, costa obscuriore.

AUtstor sinyularis Sauss. Vespides, I, 259, lii, 9 (1852).

Total length, 12 nitii. ; wing, 9 mm.

Closely allied to A. mclanosoma ; having the same form, but
yet differing by the following characters: —

Head much swelled behind the eyes. The forehead not so
convex, nor parted by a groove ; no high carina between the
antenniB, but rather an obsolete transverse wriidile over their
base. Metatliora.\ not quite so rough; its circular ridges making
nearly three-quarters of a circle ; a little crenulate superiorly; its
inferior ridges straight, forming, at the meeting of the circular
ridge on each side, a distinct spine.

I31iick ; first abdominal segment narrowly margined with yellow
or fulvous. Tarsi ferruginous. A\'ings washed with fu.scous ;
dark along the anterior margin, transparent, smoky posteriorly;
the rcllection more golden than violet.

Var. Second abdominal segment with a narrow submarginal
yellow line, anterior margin of prouotum with a very narrow
yellow margin (11 io).

9. (^lypeus rather transverse, nearly lozcngc-shapcd, more
coarsely punctured, its apical margin truucatt, uot emarginatc.

Hah. Brazil (1 9 in my collection).

Gen. SMITIIIA Sadss.

(Revue Zool. VII, 1855, 371.)

Abdomen potiolate ; the first segment contracted in its whole
length into a linear petiole. — Second cubital cell of the wing
petiolate. (Forms slender ; thorax elongate.)

This genus is formed from the petiolate Alastor. It bears this
same relation to Ala^lor as Eumenes to Odynerus, as Clenovhiluti
to PtcrochUns.

The only known species, Sm. nafalcm^iii Sauss, is from South
Africa. The existence of this type in America has not yet been
pointed out. I mention it here only to complete the classifica-
tion of the solitary wasps.

APPENDIX.

SPECIES DUBIiE.

The following species I cannot discover, and it is very doubtful
if they arc solitary wasps.

1. Eiimeues atrata Fauu. Sytt. Piez., 287, 12.-America meridio-
ualis.

If this species has the same form as E. arcuafio^, to which
Fabr.^ alludes, it may bo the black variety of tliis from India,
but Fabr. says; "2>rimo srcjnu'nlo infundibuliformi;' \x\nd\ is
in entire contradiction with "forlc mera varielm'' of L\ arcuatns.
—It may be o 3lt>ntczinnia ; M. mortiiorum? or some allied
gpecies. The c.lor of the wings is not given.

2. Eumeues foriuicaria Fahu. Syst. Piez., 2SS, 15.— Amer. merid.
This may be a MuntczHmia or a Polidcs.

3. Vespa einarginata Gmei,. Ed. Linn., 27.10, 2(].— Mi-kller Ed.
Linn. Ins., II, bSb", 2tJ._Clypeus emarginalus. Abdomen nigrum, petiolo
utriuque dente instructo.— America— (Eumenes ?).

4. V. cineraccHs Fabr. Syst. Piez., 2(;0, 37.-America (MA/s/or
vidanosoma ?/)

5. V. atrata Fabr. Syst. Piez. 260, 3(5.-Americffi insnlis (a male),
seems allied to .l/«,s/<,- int/an„sovHi, but «itli hyaline v/iuga.—Moute'-
zumia ?

6. V. binotata Fabr. Syst. Piez., 2G(!, 71. -America meridionalis.
lias some similarity to Odi/nerun crypticus Say.

■y. V. da>«1ala L.cnrRNSTRiN, C. M. H. 203, n. 173-WEnRR. Observ.
Entom., 103, 8.— Nia;ra. odynero parietum paulo mnjor ; thoracis m.^r-
pine litnrisque basi ooenntibiis (lavis ; Rcutello flavo ; abdomine cingwlis
5 tlavis; aiis alius venis margineque autioo fuscis. — America.

( 379 )

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

abdominalis, 106
AtJolhuus, 3r)2
adiab .tus, 171
ad vena, 211
Alaator, 373
Alastor, 376
ala3t0r0ides, ^74
alastoroides, 211
albocinctns, 224

.y

albomarginatus, 154^^
albophaleratiis, 167 ».'
albopictus, 43
Alvaradi, 2(i8
Alvaradn, 209
.ainbiguus, 162
ainericana, 4
auiericiamis, 103
ininnania, 199
analis, 119
anccjis, 124
anceps, 125

ANCISTROCERDa, 157

Ancistroceroipes, 211
angulicollis, 376
aiigiilo.sa, 134
aiiDHctt'iis, 272
aiinitlatum, 273
annnlatus, 273
anoinala, 132
aiiorme, 318
a norm is, 318
Anthpiponus. 361

A.NTKZlfMIA, 113

Anlucenais, 225

Antiico, 22(5

apicalipennis, 137

apicalirt, 279

Araucamis, 310

arcuatna, 219

argentinua, i,.;6

aiietis, 19
^g Aristje, 188
' ' arvenais, 270

ater, 65

^ Cl\l»%Vv -vv^ I 0"

atra, 65
atrata, 379
attenuatn, 10(5
attenualus, 106
auratus, 62
auratus, 233
auropilosus, 102
unropilosa, 102
aurtileus, 48
aurulentus, 4S
aviculus, 73
Azteca, 125

Aztecus, 36, 93, 192, 370
azureipeniiis, 117
azuresceiis, 117

hacu, 321
bacuennis, 321
balteatinn, 257
BaircU, 273
Bel/one, 193
biangulata, 135
bicolor, 29
bidens, 267
bigluuiis, 39
binodis, 54
biiiodis, 20
blnotata, 379
bireniniaculatug, 175
blandus, 289
Boscii, 255
bracbygaater, 238
Brasilianns, 79
Braailienais, 127, 376
Brasilierisis, 1(5
Bravo, 205
brevithorax, 231
hrevithordx, 233
brnnea, 114
Bustamenti, 172
Bnstil/osi, 162

^:

caernlea, 117
cseruleopuunis, 16

(381)

P-^

382

INDEX.

Cali ornica, 129
Calii iriiicius, 243
Cdlh Ulster, 17
callitiiorplia, 83
campnnnhila, 83
fampestiis, 183
CaiPuUnisis, 150
cu'Kiliculdtu, l(i7
caiialiculatus, 107 ^
capra, 103 V

carlionaiius, 17
cariuatuA, 44
cariiuilata, 128
cdrinitldtiis, 128
<:dsli(ialus, 255
Cate'pellensis, 338
Catskillensis, 1(J8
Cdtdilli, 1G8
cerrtis, 100
chalicodoiiiffi, 108
cluilybea, 113
chalybeus, 17
Cliiciiiit'chu-i, 358
Cliiiioteucatl, 51
cliileiisis, 59, 224
Chiliolus, 220
clirysopterus. 38
clirysotliorax, 63
ciiicta-nitjrd, 133
ciiierasuens, 38
i-ineraceus, 379
ciin/ulald, 82
ciugulatiis, <S2, 179
cini/iilalHn, 79
Claraziamis, 173
cluuiciihis, 297
clypeari.s, 34
codrctatu.'i, 221
collega, 320
Colocolo. 220
colnna, 100
columliaris, 34'}
compressd, 105
conipressus, 105
coiiformis, 315
coiirtobrinus, 100
coiisors, 201
coiispicnua, 177
Corjiiimbeiisis, 225
coidDvse, 2()4
Cortesid, 119
Cortesiana, 119
coyotus, 348
Cressonianus, 90
cristatns, 150
cri/piicuin, 276
crypticus, 276

CtenochiluB, 372
Cubeiisirf, 102, 242
cyauipeuuis, 17, 131

daedalea, 379
(Ueddleun, lOO
debilis, 155
di'jectus, 204
dKiiticulatus, 302
diaboliuiis, 244
diudimii, 107
dicomboda, 50
didyiiioi;aster, 55

DiDYMoOASTKA, 45

dilectiis, 3ti3
dimiiliula, 119
diacflclioiiles, 39
Discoelius, 58
dorsale, 143
dorsdie, 257
dorsalis, 257
dubius, 44

egregia, 138
eletjaus, 313
emarginata, 379
Knyo, 313
Einponu, 300, 372
KpiPo.NU:*, 300, 303
Erinny-, 245
Efinni/s, 4
Eumenes, 59
euiiiei)()i(ies, 13
excipicndn. 220
excipiemlus, 220
exlensu, 100

fallax, 307
Fdi-ius, 195
Faria.si, 195
fasc-iciilatiis, 330
fastidiosnscnlus, 171
ferrugiiiea, 123
ferruginca, 98
fernigiiieus, 38, 98
ferreiis, 95
fignliis, 331
tilitbrinis, 109
flavicornis, 94
flavipes, 201
flavopictiis, 293
foramiiiatus. 285
fonni<!aiia, 379
formosns, 278
fraternn, 95 /^

fratermis, 20, 95 >./
fulvipea, 201

INDEX.

383

fusca, 55
J'uscipes, 323
fuscua, 55

Gayella, 13

Gayi, 240
yeniculatii, 50
genionlatus, 50
(ihilianii, 95, 121
fjigas, 17
globicollis, 69
globnlosiis, 101 t/''
gi-aoilis, 44
guaiiulpKiisis, 238
Gnalcmotzin, 40
UuHinTi, 294
Guzmani, 20(j

Hero3, 17
heron, 17
Heydcni, 23
lliilalgi, 252
Hilariaiius, 50
hirsutuius, 227
liistiio, 199
HopI innerm, 3G0
Hop /op us, 3(j0
Hiiastei-a, 115
HiiastHdus, 340
huiueralis, 223
Hum, 351
Hypalastor, 376

HVPALASTOROIDES, 374

Hyi'ancistroceuus, 210
Hypodynerl-8, 212, 213

imitator, 33
Inca, 335
incertus, 84
incommodus, 198
iiiilica, 128
infernalis, 86
infernal is, 120
iiifuiKiibiiliforrais, 118
interinedia, 139
inicrinetliiis, 139
Iturhide, 98
Iturbidi, 265

Juriiiei, 22

Keunicotiauus, 325

labiatna, 222
LabuB, 56
Lor Ik sis, 223
Ifevinodus, 44
IsBvis, 79

La Plafne, 240
liEioNOTua, 212
Lepiimrii, 116
Ltptochilus, 360

leiKiomelas, '!%! Z^"
Lewisii, 368
lobiilatiis, 27
L'liiisidniim, 257
luctiiosus, 311
luguhris, 17

macrocephala, 127

tiiarrops, 95

mayntis, 16

marginalis, 10

manjinicolli.'i, 223

Martbre, 124

Masaris, 4

MASARINJB, 3

M'ljin, 338

Maypiuns, 227

Mayas, 338

M«i;;eia, 283

nielaiiosonia, 376

inenila, 59

Mktazumia, 114

Matzicatzii), 48
Mnxicaiia, 122
Mexican)!, 17
Mexifaiius, 75, 369, 374
mirroi/iislir, 54
iMcrosropicd b'l
iiiifi'oscopious, 82
mile-), 85
miiiiatus, 17
minuta, 81. 95
miimtiis, 81
iniscogaster, 54
iMohicamis, 352
niolestus, 290
Molinae, 222
Molinius, 222
Monobia, 129
MoiitHzuiua, 40
Montezumia, 110

Mo.STKZr.MlA, 117

Morelii, 299
Morel us, 299
nioiosa, J 24
mortnornm, 119
Mystecus, 336

Nahuus, 355
nasi<lens, 232
nigcr, 55
iiigriueps, 118
iiigiicoruis, 22
nigripeunia, 136

384

INDEX.

Nortonia, 13!)
Noi'toiiianus, 88, 333

MoviU'iB, 81

obliquiis, 197
olisf.iird, (i4
obduiiripuiiiiis, 225
obscuius, (J4
oeciileiiUilirt, 207
ociihtlus, 318
ODYNERIN2, 11
Odynerites, 59
OdyneruB, 143
Odynkkus, 212, 247
olivacHUrt, (j4
Olniecurt, 25, 95, 356
Oi>liimerm, 3(j0
Opiojm:, 360
Orbignyi, 108
ornalUK, 10(3
onnitus, 367
Otouiitus, 37, 342

Pachodynerus, 213, 228
Paihymknks, 60
pallidiM, 44
piillipert, 63
Paraensia, 208
I'aiaziiniia. 127
Pnrredi's, ISO
Parredesi, 180
parvulurt, 41, 82
pedestria, 322
pelagica, 116
Peiisylranica, 29
Pennsylvaiiiciis, 327
perennls, 328
persecutor, 318
pertinax, 160
peruensis, 237
petiolata, 113
Pt^yroti, 345
Philadelpbiae, 153
picla, 106
pilipal/xi, 373
pilipalpus, 372
pilosus, 187
piriformis, 20
jilacidiifl, 101
Plalinia, 125
PoHyi, 45
pi'secox, 240
prateiisis, 292
proctiis, 260
productus, 365
prophiquua, 326
proximus, 323

pruinosug, 351

I'SEUDOZDMIA, 128

FterochiluB, 3(J8
Ptciochittta, 360, 372
pululiellus, 59
pumilus, 156
puiiillus, 82

quadridens, 132
quadi'isectus, 193
qiilnqne-J'asridtum, 371
quinquu-faaciatiis, 371

recurvirostiis, 17
regulus, 70
Rhyncliium, 142

liijgchiitm, 142
Romaudiiius, 47, 296
rubritantis, 117
ruticollis, 226
rujidentatd , 118
rujiiioda. 19
luflnodus, 19, 365
rtijipen, 117
ruyosus, 285

sfficularis, 202
Saiila-Auiia, 171
Sauta-Amia, HQ
Santa-Aimse. 171
isoabriuacnlus, 198
.'^culpturalia. 44
Scutellaria, 2tl2
sepulcbralis, 119
sericea, 62
sericens, 62
Sicheliamis, 57
silvatica, 132
sirailis, 344
simplicicornis, 235
sinixilans, 91
singnlaris, 377
Smitbia, 378
Stiiithii, 55, 104
sobriiius, 340
spectabilis, 278
spinifer, 309
spinipes, 29
Spinol£e, 59, 119, 165
spinosus, 31
Stenaxcistrocerus, 189
Stexodynerus, 213, 301
strigosus, 42
subpetiolatus, 220
subalricUi, 29
sulfureiis, 276
Sauiichrasti, 78, 209

INDEX.

385

Sutterianus, 186

Sl/lv(lticri, 257

yylveiiae, 173
syminorplia, 13t>
Symmorphus, 151

syvimorji/iiis, 139

Tacubayse, 349

Tapieiisis, 21 8

Tarabuceusis, 224

tepauecus, 3.19

Texensis, 329

Thoas, 319

tlioiacicu", 74

tibialis, 241 ^
tigris, IGO J
Tisiphone, 3G6

loas, 318
Tolteca, 140
Toltecus, 27, 31G
Totonaeus, 72, 347
Trlmerla, 4
tuberculatus, 221
tnberculiceps, 184
tuberculiventris, 221
tiihrrntloci'jihdlus, 185
tnbulifer, h'd
turpis, 281

uncinaln, 133
uncinatus, 133, 181

unifasciatus, 181-*
Uruguyeiisin, 100

vagus, 314
variabilis, 137
van'egntus, 29
ventricosa, (J7
ventricosus, 07
I Vfi-sicohir, l(l(j
VESPIDiB, 1
vespifonnis, 227
vespoides, 5
vestitus, 223
Victoria, 334
Vic'toriffl, 334
villosus, 225

Walshianus, ]r)2 »/*
Wagnerian us. r>4
Wt'Stwoocli, 21

Xantianus, 324
Xantianus, 324

Zendalus, .53, 354
Zethites, 13
Zethus, 13
Zethds, 16

ZKTFICsrCLPP, 18

zonal ift, 8

zonatns, :^39 ••

25

EXPLANATION OF PLATE L

*

Fig. 1. Zethus (Zethusculus) Aztecus Sauss., % .

la. Its head % enlarged.

Fig. 2. Zethus (Zethusculus) spinosus Sauss., 9.
2a. Its abdomen enlarged.

Fig. 3. Zethus (Zethusculus) Montezuma Sauss., 9 .
3a. 7t8 head J enlarged.

Fig. 4. Zethus (Didymogastra) rj>eyi Sauss., %.
4a. Ji9 head % enlarged.

Fig. 5. Zethus (Didymogastra) Chicotencatl Sauss., 9.
5a. Its abdomen enlarged, profile.

Fig. 6. Eumenes (Pachymenes) Santa-Anna Sauss., 9.
6a. its head 9 enlarged.
Obs. By error this figure is marked % on the plate.

Fig. 7. Eumenes regulus 5aHs»., 9. (Di^. 0.)
7a. Its head % enlarged.
76. The profile enlarged.

Fig. 8. Eumenes Itlexicanus Sauss., 9 . (Div. 0.)
8a. Its head 9 enlarged.

(386)

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EXPLANATION OF PLATE IL

Fig.!). IVIoiiteziiniia Iliiasteca •Sams., ^.
Ua. Its head 9 euUrgud.

Fig. 10. montezuniia Azteca <S'cros.<j., ^.

lOa. Its Le&d % eularged.

Fig. 11. Monteziimia iTfexlcana Sm^s., 9.

Fig. 12. Monobia h \l..ta Sduss., 9.

12rt. Its head 9 enlarged.

Fig. 13. ]Vortonia Toltcca Sauf-s., 9.
13u. Ita head 9 eularged.

( 388)

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EXPLANATION OF PLATE IIL

Fig. 14. Odynerus bidens Sauss., % , var.
14a. Its bead % enlarged.

Fig. 15. Odynerus IturMdi Sauss., % .
15a, Its head ^ enlarged.

Fig. 16. Odynerus arvensis Sauss., 9 .
16a. Its clypeus 9 enlarged.

Fig. 17. Odynerus Californicus Sauss,, 9 .
17a. Its clypeus 9 enlarged.

Fig. 18. Odynerus sulfnreus Sauss,, 9.
18a. Its head 9 enlarged.

Fig. 19. Odynerus leucomelas Sauss., 9.
19a. Its head 9 enlarged.

( 390)

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EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV.

Fig. 20. £.abus Sicbelianus Sauss., 9.
20a. Its head enlarged.

Fig. 21. Odynci 'is Otomitus Suuss., 9 .

Fig. 22. Odyneriis (§tenodyuerus) pedestris Sauss., 9 .
22«. Its clypeus enlarged.

Fig. 23. Odyuerus Totonacus Sauss., 9 .

Fig. 24. Odyiierus Zendalus Sauss., 9.
24a. Its clypeus enlarged.

Fig. 25. Odynerus (Stenodynerus) perenuis Sauss., 9 .

Fig. 26. Odynenis coyotiis Saus-s., %.
Fig. 27. Odynenis Taciibayae Sauss., % .

Fig. 28. Odynenis bacuensis Sauss., % .
28«. Its> head % enlarged.

Fig. 20. Odynerus (Epiponiis) dilectus 'S'au.95., %.

29a. Its clypeus % enlarged.

Fig. 30. Odynenis (Epiponiis) denticiilatus Sauss., % ,
30a. Its clypeus % enlarged.

Fig. 31. Pterochiliis mexicanus Sauss., 9.
31a. Its clypeus 9 enlarged.

(.392) ) j3r>i\P.Y

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^ prr^>RTMCNT OF
^f-M ULTURE

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