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(?r THE RESULTS OF THE ♦• HARVEST OF 1887 f lOI __ O i OK><>^<>^<>0^0<><><><><^<><>0<><>0<><>0^<^^ With Maps and valuable information respecting the country and its lands; advice how and when to settle upon (rand cultivate them ; capital required, &c., &c., Compiled from Letters from Actual Settlers. I'cbi'uarf/, 18SS. HOW TO PURCHASE RAILWAY LAUDS. »*>Oi^i^ ^ » I . M^ fiigiilatiou for tke Sals o{ lanii of the Casalias ?aei&o Bailiaj Coipasj. The Clmadian Pacific Railway C6mpany offer for sale aome of the finest Afrricultural Lands in Manitoba ieind the North- West. The lands belonging to the Company in each Township within the Bailwiy belt, which extends twenty-four miles from each side of the main line, will be diiipcsed dr at prices ranging I PROM! $2.50 PER ACRE UPWARDS. DCTAILCOiPRICES OF LANDS CAN BC OBTAINED FROM THE LANC COMMISSIONER AT WINNiPEQ. (7%al of which are, Rock lAe, Pelican Lake. Wnnewater Lake^ud the Souns Kiver and its tributaries, while never-failirg spring creeks take their rise in Weed is plentiful, and lumber suitable for building purposes is m ~ - . . . - . mannfaotured at Desford, At the tW3 latter points grist mills lire also in the Turtl* Mountain. Delorainelaud Wakopa, and may be purchased at reasonable prices, operationi Thelterms of purchase of the INTanitoba South-Western Colonization Railway Company an the sam^ as those of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company. ms. ral Lands lip within as, will be nNNIPCQ. be given ; over nine »ch instal- a. per cent ipplication . final pay- to be paid al lands ; rith water- ower, will intention lailway. leigbbotrbood | d, which bM j ONIZATTON ,000,000 acres wiae.imtne- irg between Furobasen >rgaoieation. year to year 16, Pel loan their riee in 1 at Desfora. B {u« also is npany aie ■ i#i*i1>VlW *•■»<*» -^ • (.-, t A- -.■ \V ^'> i . A. LERS. icultuiv, and h-West, were ince. These iding, to tlie the prairies, itions, a large in is circum- )een taken to I lar (luestions ccompanying he testimony relates to a 'ie/i wholly to )e published . i>S»i ■•'r.n'iniil liwi UMiriflf »i lk<»*««ar>«^M[k»< 1 ; » -— f 1 I I IHaND S.mL f-^ '■1^: '^^i 1^^— tii Manitoba and the Northwest! SHOWINGTHE LINES AND LA Canadian Pacif The COMPANY'S LANDS IN PART CONSIST OF THE ODD-NUMI THE REMAINING SECTIONS BEING GOVErI V-x. v^% l"^ f ( ; H ^s i' T^ s^ / /c 1 ^' / (0 f^'-^ 7. "21 ... ' u / \~ /[ ■2? -t-- vr fnekfliih Lake 1 B^TTLEPCIJ^p>yiJAND OF^ICJB A^-'^ r: t5 •y^— ^NEUTRAL ilLU 27 »' ^,%." y"i vr , ■"!., •"■» 12 'MM ■"\ -^tmmi%4-- 11- Oarlto. •tt^f 48 47 44 43 42 41 39 ?er j:,«&e, sY^^'ii.' ..•* 3 i 2 1-- — i 7 o 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 VILRMIl LI0N"% t bOM* 21 20 -^f^'l It Territories of Canada LAND GRANT OFTHE ifJG Railway. lUMBERED SECTIONS IN THE BELT COLORFO PINK. IvcRNMCNT Homestead lands ■" V 74i V ~r.' H D7 -1^-^ -lalh 3) *^ ~r- i>*- — -' ^^^R»^ ^4 € ^m^ ^ JV r~-pT~-r S^'^ >.,,^ !^- \^ .^■^-^-j^'^ hft-^ b^ ri _ ^^ — (L , » ^tete — . H •wh i SOUTHERN MANITOBA-THE GARDEN OFTHE PROVINCE-The lands along the Line of tl ong the Line of the Manitoba and Southwestern R'y, ieased by the Canadian Pacific, and comprli 1 ised within the uncolored belt in Southern Manitoba are now open for sale. For particulars of price, Ik • -I -V . [fcj If paid foi but the piirchi years, witli inj inent PiynxJ premium on tl at the Bank oi All sales 1. AUim, ment has bee 2. Alli,tax by thepurcha 3. Tl^e Co and lands con power thereon 4. Mfcera be dispospd ot and ability to Liberal ra ForJuTth»> The coinpleti ofWhitei^terL hitherto been un For thbpe dea RAILWAFCOM of the ohosceet la diatelynohhof 1 range 13 «td the will aLondo have The fertil^y of t in that disirict. Lake.WhTtewai the TurtW Mou Delorainehnd W operationl Thelterm the 8am4 as t! Ci calculal lately a farmers best of Of number stantial, put it ii In have b( answers in refer differen Thi I the Pro\ and dial ""-"'"-•""^T— im I iMWH ». v*"' FARMING IN MANITOBA. EXPERIENCE OF ACTUAL SETTLERS. • INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. Circul,™ <.»ki„g infornmtion drawn tVon, pBtxonul expericnc,. in .gricultur,., and calculated to be useful to pevson. intending to settle in the Canadian North.We,t were lately addressed to a large number of the farming residents of that Province These farmers were known to be men of intelligence and probity, desirous of aiding, to the best of their ability, anyone thinking of making for himself a new home on the prairies Of the circular referred to. which contained no less than forty-four questions, a We number have been returned, fully replied to. The infonnation they contain is circum- stantlal, exact, an.l of the utmost utility; and the earliest opportunity has been taken to put it into print. In arranging the content* of these circulars for this publication, similar question., have been gr-ouped into classes, under which have been collated the accompanying answers. This avoids confusion, and enables the reader to get, all at once, the testimony m reference to a particular subject, without having to mix with it what relates to . different topic. This book is only a first instalment ; and, it must be remembered, relate, wholly to the Province of Manitoha. As .additional answers are received they will bo published and distributed. majo] Man) in de" their sitlera West 1 answe estinia I: eveiy\ with ii 1. Whe i 2. Hoiv f 3. Wha i 4. Who. Nai John J. ( W. J. II, Albert ] .John Q. i William AcfENOR ^ Thomas . W. B. Tu .—SOIL AND CAPITAL. It will bo noticed iu the first of the replies to the following questions that the majority of those furnishing answers have been only half a dozen years in the country. Many of them had nothing at all beyond the bare land when they began, and some wore in debt ; yet these seem to have done about as well, — that is, hav? increased the value of their property by as large a percentage, — as have the more fortunate men who had con- siderable capital to begin with. This shows conclusively that iv the Canadian North- West the chances are relatively as good for the poor man as for his richer neighbor. There seems to be some ambiguity in some cases as to whether the correspondents, in answering the third question, have included the value of their improvements in their estimates, or have given only the value of the land alone. In the description of the soil there is great uniformity ; and it appears that Manitoba everywhere has a thick, almost black, top-soil of clayey (sometimes sandy) loam, underlaia with a groat depth of gravels and clays. Questions : 1. Wheii did you nettle in Manitoba ? 2. Hoiu much capital had you f 3. What do you coimdcr the 2>resc)U value of your farm f 4. What is tlie general nature and. depth of mil on your farm, f Answers Name and Address. Mauitolui. -6 04 s « ? S = !^ Character of Soil. John J. OtciiRANK, Deloraine... 1879 $ 100 $ L',000 W. J. Hi:li,i\vkm,, Ralphlon... Ai.BKKT E. I'nii.r, Brandon ... John Q. Sumnkr, Arnmnl William Coruett, Sprintj^,eld. AoBNOR DuBi'c, Jjonitr Thomas A. SHARrM:, Adelpha... W. B. Thomab, Cyprrxs Rinr.. 1878 1881 1878 1870 1874 1877 1871 45 700 .-)00 500 100 None None 1,500 L'.OOO 2,500 5,000 5,000 7,000 2,000 Blactk clay loam, 18 in, deep, with heavy day subsoil. Blai'k sandy loam, two feet deep. Dark sandy loam, mixed with clay. Black loam, 4 in. deep ; day subsoil. Black clay, 2 or 3 ft deep. . . Loam, 3 to 4 ft. deep. Black loam, underlaid by vellow clay. Black sandy loam, 2i ft. deep, with clay subsoil. Nar.:e iiiul Address. Manitoba. Si ^ cs U G (0 a § = J3 Q^ o Character of Soil. Gko. I'OKBKs ct Sons, Ttrhmu:. 1882 F. W. Stki'hknw.n, Hill Vuu:. 1883 S. W. CiiAMuiais, WattHnev:... 1879 NoitRis FiNiis, I'aliuoral 1878 Geo. G. Dowme, Vn/xtal Cit>/J 1880 W. B. Hai.1., Hrdduxjli/....'.... 1858 Jamiss li. KoiTi.EY, (Jarlxrrij... 1S82 Alfred Pick eking, ^lu.s^i/i 1880 R DuNSMOKE, Bridge Creek... 1880 Hakoijj Ei.i.ior, Mnrdrn 1880 Thos. D. PiUiDUE, RiehlnvdP.... 1881 R. S. CoNKi.iN, Smil I •'./, ... . 187G B. R. Hamilton, JSupauu 1880 Alf. WALKiat, Sitipardrille 1882 U L>. BiciiANAN, arifwold 1880 S. F. Buw;i:ss, ,Srelturn 1882 J. (j. ¥aa.ioi'^\ >ihadd(md 1880 C'h.vs. Findlay, Shoal Luke.... 1879 P. J.McNAUdiiTON, Jitmn JMke. 1882 JoHX Geouge, Nelffov I 1877 James Laidlaw, t'lcunvater... 1881 Andkew Johnston, Afoirhray... 1880 Alex. IN'aihmith, MiUford ..... 1880 Gi'SjRGE M. Yeomans, Daltori... 1873 CHARLES C. Oke, Foirwood 1882 William Tiio.mi'son, Holland.. 1882 Tiros. Fr A ME, Virdcii 1 882 Thos. H.\gyari), I'ilot Mound.. 1878 Richard Brow n, Lmxjrale 1882 C. Wheatland, Ihniore 1880 Henry Last, Stone a-all 1 872 Stei'Hen BruKH, J>ar)i.sle>/ 1882 F. S. Menarey, Cartirriyht 1885 AlbI'^T McCiUEEIN, Mi lijwid.. . 1881 Wm. Walton, Marr'onjhurKt... 1885 A. H. Caiuwll, CarroUton 1882 F. P. Westwood, Peyideimis... 1880 William Smith, J>mr( r Cmk.. 1880 W. S. ^y.MA.AVE^'^hrlhuovth.... 1881 $3,500 ! $6,500 5,000 None None None 300 20 None None 400 800 None N(,)ne 500 None 200 None 200 150- None 800 2,000 1.500 2,000 1,000 800 300 800 500 150 None 400 None None 1,(500 300 1,000 150 12,000 (),000 2,000 2,500 10,000 2,200 2,000 2,000 2,000 1,000 3,000 2,000 3,000 1,200 2,000 10,000 (),000 2,500 3,000 4,000 5,000 4,000 12,000 100 : 3,500 5,000 (),000 4,000 4,800 3,000 1,500 2,000 1,000 3,500 3,000 5,000 3,200 2,000 1,000 From 2J to 3 ft. of black soil, as rich as I have ever seen in a garden in Ontario. Six in. to 1 ft. of loam, with clay subsoil. A part is rich loam, 18 in. deep,' overlying a clay subsoil, and part a sandy loam. Sandy loam. Alluvial deposit 3 ft. deep. Black clay loam, 1 to 2 ft. deep. Clay loam, 3Mt. deep, Avith stitf clay bottom. Sandy loam, 2 ft. deep. jBlack loam, 18 in. deep. : Level i)rairie, sandy soil. Clay loam, 2 ft. dee]). Heavy black loam, l(i in. to 4 ft. deep. Rich bla(!k loam, 18 iiL deep, with clay sub- soil. Black mould 2A ft. thick, with clay subsoil. A heavy dark, sometimes mixed with sand. 'One ft. of black loam with clay subsoil. Black clay loam, from 2 to 7 ft. deep. Black loam, 1 to 2 ft. deep. Black loam, about 18 iiL deep; clay sub-soil. Deep clay loanL Deej) black clay loam. Blackloam, 2 ft. deep, with clay subsoil. Black loam. 1 to 2 ft. deep, overlying clay. Surface, mellow, rich and black ; subsoil, porous clay. About 10 in. of rich black loam ; the hills are gravelly. Sandy loam, of great depth. Clay loam, with sandy clay subsoil. Black clay loam. Soil varyiiig from light to heavy, and from 12 to 24 in. in depth. Heavy black clay loam. 18 in. of black sandy loam. 18 in. of black loam. Sandy loam, 2 ft. deep. Black sandy loam, over clay. A "quick " soil, varying in composition. Heavy, t'layey, black loam. Light; some clay and some sandy subsoil; from 8 to 24 in. deep. Blackloam. Saudv loam, 18 iiL deep. Name and Address. Manitoba. si 03 - Character of tSoil. as rich as I sn in Ontario, ay subsoil. i, overlying a ndy loam. X i'day bottoui. ft. dee}), vith clay sub- 1 day subsoil. :ed with sand, ay subsoil, deep. clav sub-soil. subsoil, i'rlying clay, ack ; subsoil, im ; the hills isoil. ,vy, and from iiposition. mdy subsoil; Alex. Stewart, Cai^Ucoirrii.... 1882 1,0(10 Joseph Teks, Manitou 1879 50l» Geo. GiLLEsi'iE, Gneiunxnl 1873 None R. Akmstrong, SHvcr Sprimj... 1879 1,000 Croton ;McGuike, 7>oi.wrraiH... 1879' 1,500 VVm. Sl-mmmu-ille, Monti finv. .. 1883 3,000 Geouge U. White, Foxlov 1874 SOC' .Iames MuiR, Z>wv/'r.s- 1880 1,200 L. Wilson, Stocktun 1881 1,000 D. W. Gkimmett, J-:im Vallir.. 1882 100 William J. Brown, J/J/^f 1881 None George G. Nagy, 7i'o.«.svy 1879 1,000 Alvmi Gilbert, Wa k; fie Id 1 884 500 R. B. AVETHiaaNGTON, Doiujko. 1879 40 W. H. Briixjeman, Wdhvood.. 1883 None T. H. Jackson, Minnolom.... 1878 ! 100 Victor Major, *v^ 7>'o)i?y«r<'.... 1859 1 3 John Duncan, AuMin , 100 Wn. A. Do\i-]i, n 1877 450 M. G. AuEY, Chatrr 1880 None William Lindsay, Emrr.^mi.... 1879 600 James Drury, y'"y>(V/ (V^/ 1880 150 .[AMr:s LriTLE, Oak Rinr. 1879 1,000 J. CoNNELL cS; Son, rV/r/'ora'... 1882 1,500 A. Davison, (Ivn) Rldtjc 1871 200 John Si'ENCER, Kincrxo)! 1881 1.000 F. A. Bryik)N, rorkn/i' J.n Prairie 1875 750 Thos. Mc('artney 1878 i None Roland McDonald, /vOfc*. s/f>/V.i 1879 | l,M:fi Wm. H. Wii>50n, JMoraine.J 1882 300 2,(X)0 2,500 3,000 2,000 6,000 (i.OOO 2,000 3,000 4,500 1,000 1,500 2,400 2,000 3,000 1,600 6,500 5,000 4,000 5,000 4,800 4,000 5,000 3,500 4.000 i;700 5,000 3,000 5,000 2,500 (),000 8,000 3,000 5,000 Black loam and hay land. Black loam, 10 to 20 in. deep, with shale subsoil. Fine sandy loam, with clay subsoil. Deep bla(;k loam, with good (day under- neath. Black loam, 2 ft. deep. Black loam. Black loam, 1 ft. deep. IFrom 12 to 18 in. of black, heavy soil, and then a subsoil of clay. ;Black loam 12 in. deep, with clay subsoil. |Black and heavy clay loam. Black clay loam, with (I;,y subsoil. iA heavy soil about 4 ft. deep; level plain and hayland. Sharp, light sandy loam. iPartly sandy loam, and the rest heavy black I chiy, about 4 ft. deep. JDeep black loam, with sandy subsoil. jBlack loam. 6 to 27 in. deep. Heavy bUu k loam. iSandy and (clayey loanL Sandy loam and heavy day, 1 to 10 ft. of good soil. Sandy loam, 18 to 24 in. deep. iBlack loam, with clay subsoil of great depth. jClay loam, 18 iiL deej). I Heavy clay loam. Black soil, 2 to 4 ft. deep. Thick black loam, on clay subsoil. JTwo ft. of very rich Mack loam. [Black loam, overlying clay. Rolling prairie of black loam ; clay sub-soil. Heavy black loam, very deep. Heavy clay, with 2 ft. of loam on top. Loam, 2 to 3 ft deep. Sandy loam, 3 ft. deep. Clay loam 18 in. deep, with clay subsoil. ."I , ;. . • '■ .1 6 II.— BEGINNI Th»; next group of questions lofeivs to tlio beginning of ti funu. The general opinion soon as the sod is well decomposed ; the process of decomposition tipi)iu'ently tukes about then harrowing only. It appears tliat oats, barley, roots and wheat will yield a fair crop a crop vary with the locality, and also with the amount of timber or ycrub encumbering observdng the answers following. QUES 1. When is Uie best time for breaking and back-setting f 2. Do you consider that a partial crop can be obtained the first year, off " breaking ;" and if so, 3. Wliat is the cost per acre of breaking to a farmer doing his own work f 4. Wliat do you consider tlie cost per acre of preparing new land aiid sowing it with tvheat, including 5. muit kind of fencing material do you u^e, and what is its cost per rod ? Name and Address. Manitoba. Date (.r Breaking'. Back-setting. John K. Rass, Delorainc Early spring. Before harvest. Jamijs Mc('oxKCHY, Vivden Early spring July 15. W. J. Heluwell, Ralphton l-^^^^y to June 15 July 15. George H. Halse, Brandon iBefore June 30 July 15. John Cummincj, Minnedosa [May to July 7 After 2 months. June 15 to Aug. 1 Spring or fall. June After 2 months.... May to July fuly and August. Agenor Di'Bi'c, Lorette W. B. Thomas, Cypress River F. W. Stevenson, Ilillview.. Robert Rexwick, Carberry !-^Iay or June Robert Campbeli., Bridge Creek jjune Septeml)er Thomas D. Perdue, Richlands June Autumn ... B. R. Hamilton, Neepawa !June and July Full D. D. Buchanan, Grimiold Charles Fixdlay, »S7(0((^ iMkr Fall John George, Nelscn J. G. Elliott, (SViadcZami A. H. Soouten, lio.en Lake William Thompson, i/oZta«d GEOitGK E. Yeomans, Dalton [June jFall June and July Septendier. June Earlv fall.. June June June August June ; August RiCHAKi) Brown, Langvale Cornelius Wheatland, Donore, Before June 15 After July 15.. jSpring : After harvest. NG is, tl two on 1: the 1 lEGINNI ei'cil opiuiou tiikcs about I ti fair ci'oj) ncumhering NG A FARM. is, that the breaking of new land should be done in May or June, and back -sotting as two months. Many correspondents express preference for deep plougliing at first, and on land first ploughed, the same spring. The statistics as to cost of breaking and raising the land. These circumstances also affect the amount of a day's work, as will be seen by QUES TIONS : t ;" and if so, what is the best seed to soro ? uat, including -setting. arvest lontbs r fall louths August r r i • i |y 15 \ vest seed and harvesting . Can Crop be Taken oflF Breaking. Oats do fairly well , Got 10 bu. wheat and 75 bu. potatoes' first year i Not here ! Six to 10 bu. wheat Oats, potatoes or turnips No Wheat or oats Good wheat and barley Never succeeded ^ Oats, potatoes or wheat in a moistj season Do not advise it If broken early and shallow ; oats — I have grown 45 bu., but it spoils! the land Potatoes and turnips only , It spoils the ground ' Half a crop in a moist season ' Yes — flax, barley and potatoes Not around Portage La Prairie, but does well westward Cost per a(!re breaking. $2 50 Sometimes, where sod is not too dense 1 50 1 25 2 00 2 00 3 00 1 50 2 00 1 50 2 50 1 50 50 00 2 50 4 00 1 85 1 50 $1 50 Total cost per acre including Harvesting. $6.80, including board of one man 6 50 5 00, without help 9 00 7 00 7 00 7 20 first crop () 00 to 7 00 8 00 5 00 6 75 6 65 7 00 10 00 5 00 7 00 $6 00 to 8 00 Fencing and cost I)er rod. Poles, 20c. Wire, 18c. Wire, 18c. Wire and top rail, 40c. Wire, 14c. 2 50 Wire, 25c. Two wires, 20c. Wire, 25c. Rails and wire Rails, 10c. ; wire, 20c. Wire Wire Wire, 25c. Wire. 16c. Wire Wire Poles, 15c. Wire 6 00 Three wires, 25c. Name and Address. Manitoba. Stephen Bibks, haninlfi/ June Date of Breaking. Back-setting. F. S. Menarey, CartuTujht. A . H. C-UUiOLL, Carrolllon William S. Wallace, Shdlmoutli. Alexander Stewart, Castleavery.. JosEi'H Tees, Munitov •May. June and July September.... Early spring iWheu ready. Spring iFall May and June -September.... June 'October J. K. RouTLEY, Carfccm/ 'May or June. Oswald Bowie, Morden June Early fall After harvest.. Before July jWben ready. May and June JAugust May and June lAugust June When ready. September. October , October . Geo. C. Wriuht, liomevain W. J. BuowN, Mdita , KOUERT B. WlTUERINGTON, DoiUjUl.v , G. K. Black, Wdlwood Geo. Jackson, Xopawa jJune. John Duncan, Austin jJune. Wm. a. Doyle, Beulah June. John A. Mair, .S'oitrj.9 June jWhen ready. James Bnvny, Rapid City [June jAugust, J. CoNNELL & Son, (Jnrford E. D. Young, Brandon James Muir, Douglax Peter Camtuell, t'ampbellviltr M. G. Abey, CItater Wm. H. Wilson, A'Zorainc Roland McDonald, Lowestoft F. A. Brydon, Portage La Frairie John Spencer, Em>rson June 'August June jAugust June jAugust June jSeptember June Early fall , May [Before barvest. Before July 12 'September , June Wbcn ready. June D. W. Grimmett, Elm Valley.... Andrew Davison, Grem Ridge L. Wilson, Stockton R. S. CoNKLiN, ,Sunnyside Goerge U. White, Foxton James Little, Oak River William Lindsay, Emerson. Walter Gray, Chater Matthew Kennedy, Lothair. June June Early spring. August , Fall, Fall. July, June and July May and June Fall , June 'When ready. May iJuly June lAugust A. T. Tyerman, Lothair June Victor Major, St. Boniface... John S. Martin, Rapid City. George G. 'iH aoy, Rosser Wm. S. Moody, Rounthwaite.. June. June. June. June. lAugust . August . October August. I tting. iy. I'est., dy... dy'.'.' xiy".'. •vest, ly.... Can crop be Taken off Breaking. Oats Wheat or peas Oats , Oats sometimes succeed Oats ; as good as after back-setting. Wheat and oats may succeed, but' not advised Peas or potatoes i Oats will do, but spoils the land forj two years It can ; oats or wheat In a wet season ; flax, oats or wheat.. Half a crop on light land Not here Twenty to 35 bushels Not profitable Yes — but oats and roots only Never done here Oats and potatoes Have known 40 bushels of oats Not advisable Not advisable Not advisable A partial crop of almost anything... Not advisable Better not try Not here Oats, plowed in ; or flax, on break- ing, do well No Cos* per acre Breaking. Total Cost Yes; flax or oats Ten or 15 bushels Red Fyfe wheat.. I have seen 30 bushels of flax Good on bushy land; white Fyfe wheat Oats and potatoes ploughed in Have had 25 bush, in a wet season.. Not desirable Nothing except roots, and only in a wet season Nothing except roots, and only in a wet season Haifa crop of wlieat or oats Ten to 12 bushels of oats or barley... No ; soil requires too much working In a wet year oats or flax 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 1 2 o ^ 2 2 9 50 00 WW /o 00 50 50 50 00 50 50 00 00 50 00 50 00 50 00 25 00 50 00 00 00 00 75 |)er acre, including Harvesting. 6 00 7 00 4 25 5 00 6 00 9 00 10 00 7 50 6 00 8 50 7 30 11 00 6 00 5 50 8 00 7 00 7 50 5 50 5 25 H 00 10 40 6 85 1 9 00 7 00 I'^encing and Cost I)er rod. 1 50 3 00 1 00 3 00 $2 00 2 50 3 25 2 00 2 00 1 00 , 1 75 1 25 ! 2 25 (J 00 8 00 4 00 8 00 $8 50 6 00 8 00 6 00 8 00 7 50 5 00 7 75 6 50 9 50 Wire, 30c. 'None needed Wire Wire and top rail iKails None Rails and wire, 25f. Wire Poles Two w ires, 2oc. Two wires, 30c. Two wires, 22c. One wire, 8Jc. Rails, 25c. Two wires, 28c. Wire, 35c. None used [Wire, 20c. I None used Wire, 20c. Wire None used Wire, (ioc. Wire, 35 c. None used Wire Wire, 2oc. Two wires, 20c. Rails or wire None used Wire, 20c. ;Two wires, 28c. Wire, 35c. Two wires, 30c. Wire Two wires, 32c, 10 Nuuie and Address. Manitoba. Date of Breaking. Back-setting, Hupteniber . .1. Paynteu, BiuJuh June William Somkhville, Montcfiore 'Early 11. AuMSTONCi, SUrcr Spring After seeding VVhen ready. DoNALM J. McQiLsn, Mordai June August KoBEKT DiNSMouK, BrkUje Creek jJune September...., William MacDonald, Virden jSpring Fall (jrEouGK GiLLEsi'iE, Grecnwood jSpring Fall DoxALj) Fkasek, KmcrHon iJune Inly K. E. Hopkins, ]>ir Walker, Shipardville Harold Elliot, Morden John Q. Sumner, Arnaud Henry McLeod, Carberry Alfred I^ck eking, Austin W. B. Hall, lleudingly George G. Downie, Crystal City. Samuel W. Chambers, Wattstiew. Ch.\bles Wilson, IVeh^rne Thos. a. Sharpe, Adelpha J. J. Cochrane, Deloraine William Corbe-it, Springfield June August May When ready.... After seeding Before harvest. Spring After harvest... June October June June October June 'August June When ready.... June When ready.... June When ready.... June August June August June July June Before harvest. June Early Fall. June August June April May June Early fall June August June jFall June [July or August. June [Spring or Fall... Can Cnij) ln> Taken off Breal ing. In a \\{'t year oats or fiax Bad jKjlicy Not as a rule Wheat, barley and oats ' Not to be trusted [ Yes; of oats, potatoes aiui turnips...! A three-(piarters crop if started earlyj Haifa (Tot) of oats ' No ;.;;;;;;; Not profitable No Roots do well Only in exceptionally wet seasons... Average crop in favorable weather.. Good crop of oats Oats, but do not recommend it Spoils the land Spoils the land Haifa crop on light land Fair crop of oats and flax Not advisable Wheat does well ; l)arley better...... Good crop of oats on light land Yes— flax Oats or turnips yield well in a rainy season Doesn't pay A fair crop of oats Oats or wheat if the season is wet... A scanty crop on sandy loam, wheat or barley In loose soil and a damp season.'!.'..". Oats Yes; but not advisable Certainly ; oats or roots Oats or potatoes Not advisab]e^ but j)otatoe,s d'o besti. 11 Cost per acre Breaking. 2 00 0 75 2 00 2 50 00 00 00 75 50 50 50 00 00 1 3 00 00 2 50 2 00 3 00 2 50 00 50 2 50 2 50 2 25 2 50 1 50 $1 50 2 50 2 50 2 50 2 00 2 00 2 50 2 00 Total cost per ac^e including Harvesting. G 50 7 00 0 00 8 25 9 00 12 50 () 00 10 50 8 50 10 00 5 75 6 00 7 70 6 00 0 50 3 25 8 00 0 00 7 00 6 00 7 50 7 00 6 50 7 00 8 00 $6 50 8 00 10 00 5 7 11 7 7 11 20 70 00 50 00 00 Fencing and Cost per rod. 'None used 'None used Three wires, 32c. Rails Two wires, 32c. Rails Thick wire 'None used 'Wire, 40c. Four wires, 40c. Poles iWire and rail jWire iWire, 35c. [Wire |Two wires, 20c. iWire, 17c. 'Wire, 15c. Two wires, 12c. iWire, 50c. IWire iOne wire, 10c. •Wire iWire, 20c. IWire jWire !Rails,40c. jWire, 75c. iThree wires, 35c. IWire JNone used 'Poles, 20c. 12 111. STATISTICS We havo here statistics in regard to their principal crops, from about 1 Sf) fiu-niers, in that very few crops of wlieat averaged less than 25 bushels to the acre, and ([uito half per acre, and a few from 40 to 46. These are not the products of small i)atches under bushels an acre, from 80 acres, will be noticed, as an example. average of 60 to 80 bushels, and barley of 50 bushels. These are good croj)H, but equally as a rule, and sometimes much more; turnips, 1,000 bushels in some cases ; carrots, 400 flax, which is extensively raised in all parts of the province, but especially toward the Hops, also, do exceedingly well, though no statistics in regard to them are presented here, zone grows in Manitoba luxuriantly, reaching a size, in many cases, quite unheard of flowers, too, a matter of no little concern to the wives and daughter.«t oi' the colonists, and QUES 1. How many acres have you under cultivation, including i})rv!l Wm. Thompson, Holland Thos. Haoyard, Pilot Moui'd.... RiCHAKD Brown, lAtngdale I Geo. M. Y EOTi Ay h, Daltov i 85 30 220 130 156 100 500 14 Acreage and avera^'o of tlic follow inj; cntps : Wheat. Oats. Barlev. 70 acres, 36bu8.i 25 acres, (10 bus. 10 acres, 40 bus i240 acres, 25 bus. 80 acres, 40 bus. 10 acres, 35 bus. 50 acres, 25 bus. 20 acres, 40buH. ../ 14 acres, 30 bus. 7 acres, 55 bus. 7 acres, 20 bus. 70 acres, 44 bus. 25) acres, 70bu8.> bus. 10 acres, .38 bust 80 acres, 32 bus. 25 acres, 5H ■ us. 12 acres, 50 bus. 108 acres, 22 bus. 28 acres, 40 i. ... 20 acres, 30 bus. 40 acres, 29 bus.' 13 acres, 72 bus .... acres, 32 bus. ....acre (1 bus I Jas. Laidlaw, Clearu'ater John George, Nelson P. J. McNaughton, Karen Lake Chas. FiNDLAY, Shoal Lake j J. G. Elliott, Shadeland j S. F. Burgess, Serlmm j "Wm. "Walton, Marringhurst j T. S. Menabey, Carttvrighi t Henry Last, Stonewall j John Hopper, Middlechurcli ; Cornelius Wheatland, Donorel Wm. Smith, Beaver Creek i "Wm. S. "Wallace, Shellmouth 140 100 140 136 200 70 160 23 80 20 100 75 43 , 40 acres, 26 bus. 42 acres, 34 bus. 25 acres, 37 bus. 5 acres, 36 bus. 130 acres, 28 bus.: 28 acres, 27 bus. 110 acres, 31 bus. 30 acres, 50 bus. 10 acres, 42 bus. 15 acres, 45 bus. 13 acres, 35 bus. 15 acres, 16 bus 33 acres, 60 bus. 22 acres, 52 bus. 42 acres, 45 bus., 10 acres, 40 bus. 8 acres, 40 bus. 12 acres, 34 bus. 40 acres, 43 bus. 20 acres, 30 bus.: .... acres, 54 bus., 6 acres, 54 bus. 6 acres, 18 bus.j 20 acres, 30 bus.i 6 acres, 30 bus. 30 acres, 27 bus. 48 acres, 33 bus. 30 acres, 20 bus. 20 acres, 30 bus. 16 acres, 47 bus. Alex. Stew art,, Ca-s^mivr//. 15 i 5 acres, 25 bus. 3 acres, 50 bus.! 4 acres, 36 bus. 15 ; cntiKS : iirley. rt'H, KihuH. ros, Ho bus. res, 201)118. res, 'M) bus. res, 22 bus. 1, 40 bus. •es, 38 bus. '8, 50 bus. •es, 30 bus. •es, 42 bus. ■es, 35 bus. es, 52 bus. es, 40 bus. es, 34 bus. es, 54 bus. 8, 30 bus. 38, 36 bus. I Averajjje yield, in bushele 1. Potatoes. 300 1 Turuips. Carrots. yoo Peas. Beans. Flax. 1 400 1 1 1 300 j 200 1 250 360 t)00 300 20 20 12 300 4()(» 1 1 " ' 350 250 200 400 700 360 300 350 360 400 600 400 200 150 350 300 300 300 250 350 250 40(1 30 3(10 (iOd 800 10 Vegetables. Very succc^ssful ; onions, cabbage, cauliflower, tomatoes, corn, peas, beans, earn its, parsnips, scjuash, citrons, rucunilHTS. Very little trouble to raise them. I cultivate the Early Rose potato and Swede turn!]). They do well. Very suciesslul in all kinds. I have had 225 bus. of tonuitoes to theacre. Grow to perfection, but insect pests have given me some trouble. With suUicient rain Manitoba vege- tables can ecjual the best. In small quantities, the cabbage, tx)a, pumpkin, squash, cucumber, t)eet, carrot, onion and rhubarb all do well here ; but tomatoes and Indian corn do not succeed. Can heartily recommend the pra- rie for cabbages and onions. Best soil I ev(5r saw, but grubs are troublesome. Not had good luck with them. .Have raised nearly every sort. iDecidedly successful. !A11 do well. !I had 2,000 rhubarb roots in full ' bearing; many roots yielded 10 lbs. at a single picking. lAU do remarkably well. jThey do exceptionally well. ^ Have never seen better. All sorts in abundance. 520 500 200 40 "20" 200 150 , Fair Good. Good. 15 All sorts of garden produce. All kinds, including some delicate ones. Excellent. !• All kinds. .'W All very easily raised. All very easily raised. J All very easily raised. Almost every variety suitable to the temperate zone flourishes here. AH kinds. 16 Name and Address. Manitoba. Total acres Cultivated. R. E. Hoi'KiNS, BereRford 100 Donald Fraser, Emerson 300 Joseph Tees, Manitou 100 Andrew Johnston, Moivbrmj 85 Oswald Bowie, Morden 60 William McDonald, Virden 500 William S. Moody, Rotinthvaite 150 S. R. Hendei«^on, Kildovan 40 Wm. Somerville, Montefiore 200 G. C. Wright, Bom'vain 200 J. Ifc. ■'iouTLEY, Carberry 105 T. ' u Kennedy. Maiota 75 R. .'i'MSTRONG, AS'(7wr Spring 130 JoH . H. Martin, Rapid City 100 r. B. Witherington, Douglas.... 160 G. R. Black, Wdlwood 230 S. D. Barr, Nccpawa 80 A. F. 'Rerman, Lothair 200 J. H. Mair, SouriR 270 T. H. Jackson, Minnedosa 220 Geo. Bowders, Balmerino 65 M. G. ABE^•, (Jliatcr ' 200 Wm. Lindsay, Emerson 200 Jas. Ltttle, Oak Hirer 120 J. Con NELL & Son, Creeford 100 I G. M. Wni:'K, Foxton ' 45 Jos. Claries, Oakland 50 Wm. H. Wii^oN, Ddoraine 00 R. McDonald, Lowf^io/^ 110 F. Bryden, Portage to i-'rairie..,! 200 John S. McKay, Rapid City i 40 E. J. y WHTKR, Bevlah I 56 Acreage and average of tlie following crops Wheat Oats. . 1. Barley. 47 acres, 29 bus. 12 acres, 40 bus. 4 acres, 30 bus 16 acres, j 60 acrt-S, 45 acres, I 22 acres, 1160 acres, j 75 acres, I 15 acres, |1S0 acies, j 90 acres, 36 acres, 50 acres, 48 acres, 45 acres, 75 acres, 100 acres, 40 acres, 93 acres, 30 bus. 27 bus.! 30 bus. 22 bus. 33 bus. 30i bus 25 bus. 27 bus. 25 bus.i 33 bus. i 28 bus. I 23 bus. 31 bus.' 38 bus.! 42 bus.i 27 bus.! 32 bus. I 45 acres, 47 bus. 25 acres, 40 bus. 30 acres, 45 bus. 10 acres, 40 bus. 70 acres, 52 bus. 25 acres, 55 bus. 25 acres, 50 bus. 30 acres, 55 bus. 15 acres, 40 bus. 35 acres, 36 bus. 28 acres, 10 acres, 18 acres, 20 acres, 20 acres, 33 acres, 15 acres, 45 acres, 35 bus. 50 bus. 40 bus. 50 bus. 75 bus. 87 bus. 55 bus. 40 bus. 10 acre, 40 bus. 4 acres, 25 bus. 10 acres, 40 bus. 5 acres, 28 bus. 10 acres, 35 bus. 6 acres, 40 bus. 150 acres, 27 bus. 80 acres, 45 bus. 30 acres, 35 bus. 68 acres, 38 bus. 100 acres, 30 bus. 30 acres, 40 bus. 30 acres, 30 bus. 40 acres, 55 bus. 30 acres, 80 bus. 12 acres, 60 bus. 29 acres, 58 bus. 70 acres, 58 bus. 40 acres, GO bus. 17 acres, 35 bus. 14 acres, 33 bus. 8 acres, 30 lus. 6 acres, 30 bus. 6 acres, 42 bus. 15 acres, 35 bus. 12 acres,50bus. 20 acres, 40 bus 6 acre8,50 bus. 5 acres, 30 bus. 20 acres, 45 bus. 45 acres, 60 bus. 12 acres, 30 bus. 10 acres, 46 bus.' 15 acres, 52 bus.! 10 acre .40 bus 29 acres, 30 bus.j 6 acres, 50 bus.' 6 acres, 30 bus. 50 acres, 31 bus.i 14 acres, 15 bus.j 1 acre, 60 bus. 74 acres, 20 bus.i 25 acres, 48 bus.! 5 acres, 30 bus. j I 125 acres, 25 bu8.| 26 acres, 57 bus.] 14 acres, 41 bus. 10 acres, 30 bus.i 6 acres, 40 bus.' 2J acres, 30 bus 28 acres, 23 bus.j 14 acres, 29 bus.! I ir 5 crops : larley. res, 30 bus. res, 36 bus. re, 40 bus. res, 25 bus. res, 40 bus. xes, 28 bus. ■res, 35 bus. Tes, 40 bus. ^res, 33 bus. •res, 30 lus. •res, 30 bus. •res, 42 bus. res, 35 bus. cre8,50 bus. rres, 40 bus res,50 bus. Ires, 30 bus. res, 45 bus. res, GO bus. res, 30 bus. Ire 40 bus •es, 30 bus. re, 60 bus. res, 30 bus. res, 41 bus. res, 30 bus Average yieUl, in bushels Vegetables. Potatoes. Turnips. ! Carrots, j Peas. Beans ! Flax. 220 400 400 iOccasional grubs are the only hind- rance to complete 8uc(!ess. ()00 2(1 1« All kinds. All the hardier kinds grow finely. 'Nearly all varieties. 400 200 200 300 150 250 25 •M) 20 200 200 All vegetables, including celery, to- j I i ^ nuitoes, and all kinds of vine's. 200 Everything succeeds. I have always been fortunate. 300 A'egetables grow beautifully. All do well. ' I have raised 50(> bus of cabbages and 200 bus. of onions to the acre Gardens thrive. Very fair. All kinds do well. All kinds successful. All kinds successful. .\11 kinds successful. All kinds successful. Never saw the equal All kinds do well. Never saw tho ecjual. All successful, including pumpkins, melons, (jhicory, etc. All kinds do well. 900 500 700 400 500 300 (iOO 200 18 276 250 300 Do well. Celery, cu(;unibers, citron and all the more I'ommon .sorts. 320 Every kind, and in splendid crops. Have raised almost every variety with success, 300 .jOO 50 20 AH kinds do well. 400 This par. . f the province is excellent for root crops and garden stuff". iCabbages, caulirlowers, onions, to- i matoes, Citrons, cucumbers, etc. iHave succeeded well. iCiood success stune years. 400 500 15 18 IV. THE SEASONS A It rtjjpears that everywhere in Mfinitobu ploughing and seeding may begin early in the southern border harvesting has begun by July 15. Then is a constant dill'erence of vince. Winter may be said to oi»en ■with the permanent freezing of the ground, which so that ploughing may often be begun before the first of April. Really cold weather between the northern and southern parts of the province is, of course, noticeable, in favor None of the correspondents report any serious hardship or loss from the climate in All are busy hauling grain to market, getting fuel, caring for stock, or in the p,,id with either business or pleasure. " Better than the East," is the opinion of many old The fuel used is principally Avood, which is scattered plentifully over all the province, districts ; but coal is plentiful and can be obtained at any of the stations of the railway Summer frosts are spoken of as " exceptional " by nine out of ten farmers in all north the ^seltlcr nuikes his home the more liable he is to an occasional visitation of this Manitoba. The testimony to the healthfulness of the climate is unanimous. QUES 1. Plea.9(: state earliest and kiteft date in nhich ytained ". None Wood, easily obtained.. — A{)ril 10... None Poplar, easily obtained... April o None Wood, easily obtained March 20.. None Wood, easily obtained IMarcli ol.. None Wood, beroniing scarce... April 1 None March 15.. None I'oplar and oak on the ! [ farji' Late Mar..iNone AVood, easdy ol)tained Exceptional Yes ; ilecidedly. F]xreptional Yes; decidedly. Exceptional Yes; dev'idedly. Fjxceptional Yes; decidedly. F^xceptional Yes ; decidedly. Exceptional Yes ; decidedly. Yes; decidedly. Exceptional Winter better than on I Lake Erie. ExceptionaljBetter climate than that I of Quebec. m Name and Address. Manitoba. F. W. Stevenbon, Ilill View.. S. W. CnAMBiajs, Wattt^riew. Date of Farm Oj)eTatioiis. Plough mg. Earliest. '■ Latest. Seeding. Earliest. Latest Harvesting. Earliest. I Latest. April 1 April 1 ' August 9...' March 23 March 23.. April 12.. .July 28 August 27 NoRHis Fines, Balmoral lApril 14 April 20... •Geo. G. Down'ie, Cryiftal Oiti/..J ' W. B. B.\hL, Headingly !....; April 12... July 2U Hexky McLeou, Carberry i Oct. 20 April 6 July 30 Robert Campbell, J?rirfye CVtr a' April 8 ', Augusts. ! Haeold Elliot, Mr/rden j April (i |April 28... August 1... Sept. 7 Thos. D. Perdue, Riddanda ;A])ril 5 April 2(1 \ .luly 28 August 15. R. S. CoNKLiN, SuvvjrUh' .April 15 ' .\j)ril 15...' August 1. Alfred WALKEii, iSluppardvuk: April 20... Ai)ril 5 i -..I S. F. Burgess, Seefmrn | April 6 |April 17...' S. R. Henderson, Kildonmi JApril 10... May 13 Ajtril 10...!May 13 'August l...jAugust 25. Wm. Summerville, Montcjiori A])ril 2 j iAugust lO.jAugust 15. "' ' April 22.. .July 31 August 20. May 1 iJuly 24- August 15. May 1 -August 20.|Sepl. 30.... Thos. M. Kennedy, Menota April 3, R. B. Wetherington, Douglan.. A])ril 6 J. H. Martin, Rapid Oity JApril 10...!April 28... March 26.. John Plant, Rossburn ,..j ^ S. D. B AKR, Neepawa lApril 2 ' April 20... George Nagy, Romr I i April 7 Wm. j. Bi«)\vn, Mdila | ;March 28.. J. W. Newton, Wdlwood ! , :April 3 John Duncan, ylttshn [April 15...; April 5. R. Armstrong, Silver Sirrivy j i lApril 9. Croton Maguire, /)'ois.sCT"Uin lApril 13... J. CoNNELL, Cretford | Walteij Gray, Chatcr John A. Muir, »S'o«rw Geo BowDiiits, Jialmcrino Ajn-il 1..., no M. Kennedy, Lothair April 1..., GiLBimT Rowan, rarkiKnmo April 5.... Wm. a. Doylh, Beulah A Geo. F. Slade, Gladdone Jos. Ch.vrles, Oakland J. G. ELLiorr, Shadeland.... <^aKS. Findlay^Z Lake Shon. A.pril 5 April 12'.".. April 20...!Ai)ril 0. lApril 1. April 10... Mav 20..... April 13... May a. April 1. April 1. April 1. .Apr LI April lAugust 1... August 22. i iAujjfust 13. April 5 1 May 2 jJuly 23. August 15. I August 15. i April 20.. .'Aug. 1 ISept. 1. I April 18...lAug. 11 Sept. 1. April 6 lAug. 20 ! 'July 29. Julv 30. July 27 Aug. 1.. April 16'.*. . 'July' 25 . .... ! A u g.* 21'. May lAug , April 16. ..'Aug. 2 iOct. 1.... May July 29 ISept. 3.. Nov. 1.. Nov. 20. Nov. 5. Dec. 1.. Nov. 1."). Nov. 1. I Nov \ Nov ' Nov. 15. > Nov rvestinu. it. I Latest. 9...! ....August 27 8...I l...|Sept. 7 ..,.|Augusi 15. 1...!....: 1... August 25. lO.jAugust 15. ....jAugust 20. .August 15. 20. Sept. 30.... 3. August 22. ..iAugust 15. Se])t. 1. ...Sept. 1. ;Aug. 1. ..Aug. 21. .lOct. 1... .'Sept. 3. 21 Winter. Winter. o . ,. , Hardship Begins. l-^nds. ^^ j^^^^l Fuel. Summer Frosts. Nov. Nov. Nov. Dec. Nov. I Nov. , Nov. Nov. Dec. Nov. Nov' 1 None 20 Marcli 20.. None 5 April o None 1 April 15... None 15 March 25.. None 1 April 10... None 15 April 1 None 20 March 31.. None 1 ]\Iarch 15.. None 1 !March 15.. None mb'r..iLate ]\Iar.. None Dec. 1.. Nov. 15 Nov. 10 Nov. 15 Nov. 5.. Dec. 1.. November Nov. 15 Dec. 1 Nov. 15.... Novemb'r March April 1 March jjMarch April 1 INIarch March , JNIarch I t jMarch J April 1 ,' March 15.. None None 31.. None 25.. None None 15.. None None 31.. None 15.. None None 31.. None Early NovApril None. Nov. 15 March 31.. None . Dec. 15 March 31.. None. Nov Marcii None , Dec March 31.. None. , Nov. 20 March 31.. None , - Nov March 31.. None , Nov March None , 1 Nov March None Nov. 15 March 15.. None , Nov April 1 None I Nov. 15 None I Nov. 20 April (i None Dec. 1 March 25.. None . The wood is nearlj' gone.. Exceptional . Wood, in plenty on iVirm.; Exceptif)nal . Wood, in plenty on farm.^ Exceptional .Wood, rather difficult : Exceptional .Wood, in plenty Exceptional . W^ood, easily obtained Exceptional . Wood, hauled 3 miles Exceptional . Wood, hauled 7 miles Exceptional . Wood, hauled 3 miles Exceptional .Wood, hauled 5 miles I'revalent... .Wood, from Turtle Moun-^ Exceptional tain : .Wood, hauled 4 miles ' Exi-eptional .IWood, plentiful ; Exceptional .Wood, hauled 4 miles.. — Exceptional . Wood, easy to get '■ Prevalent... .Poplar, in plenty Prevalent... .Wood, easy to get Exceptional .Poplar, abundant . Wood, supply myself in a; \ week .Wood, no difliculty .Wood, becoming scarce... . Poplar, plentiful and ex-, cellent . Wood, plentiful .Wood ! Is the Climate healthy, Perfectly so. Healthiest I know of. Yes. Best in the world. Yes. il suffer less than in On- tario. Particularly so. Yes. Very. Exceedingly. Especially so for asth- matic persons. Yes. Certainly. Decidedly. Yes. I do. Yes. Yes. Wood, easily obtained Poplar, drawn 18 miles... Wood, easy to get Wood, very scarce here... Wood, in plenty Wood, in plenty Wood, in plenty Wood, ill plenty Fire-killed pctplar, plenti- ful Wood and straw Wood, L, easy to obtain. Wood, easy to obtain. ExceijtionaljVery. Exceptional! Very. Exceptional! Yes. ExceptionaliBetter than in Ontario. i Exceptional Very. ExceptionalYes ; winter not so bad I as it is reported. ExceptionalYes. Exceptional! V'^ery. ExceptionalCertainly. Exce{)tional'Yes. Prevalent... Finest winter climate in i the world. ExceptionaljYes. Exce])tional|Yes. Prevalent ...;Exceedingly so. ExceptionalCertainly. ExceptionalYes. Triennial ...Nothing equal to it Exceptional; Family never need a, I physician. ^ i)'> • N'ltnio uud Address. Manitoba. Date of Farm Operutions-. riougliing. i Seeding. i ilarvcriting. Earliest. liatest. Earliest. I^atest. Earliest. Latest. I P..]. M('NAt(inTo.\, Riirih Lah'\ Aj)ril 1 ]\Fay .") S. A. W'aui), tidvdihoijc ' March o(l.. April lo... Aug. ."> Sept. '.»... A. H. SoRTEX, Rarm Lakr iAi)ril 21... March L'!l Aug. Id Wm. TiKyMi'.soN, Jlolhuid iApril 7 .iidy L") ANDiiKW .loHNSTON, ^f()v^hr(nf ...\Shir. L'2 April 1 July 20 JouN GicoiuiK, AV/w)/ I April 1 April 2()... Aug. 1 Aug. :!(). Jamkh \j.\i\n..\\\,Cliiis Whkati.axd, iM/zorc Aj)ril 10... April 10 Aug. 10 Tiio.s. Adair, 'J'lrlimu' IMay 1 April 10 Joux rioi'i-KK, Mid(ll(vlinrrli jApril ir)...]May 1 Se[)t. 1."). IIkxky Last, iStoncnvll April 15... April 25 ... May 1 May 24 Vwj:. L'> Wm. Walton, M(trrhujhurs( April 1 Scj>t. 2.. V. S. Wkstwood, I'i'iidihviK April 0 April 21. ...Inly 29 Aug. 2S.... HicnAKi) 1jI«)\vx, Ijintjvuli: A\m\ o May 4 C'iias. 0. Okk, Fairhvrii April 3 April 15... Aug. 22 TnoH. FuAMK, Virdni April 12 Ajiril 5 April 5 IhcoKUK ^I. Ykumaxs, Dalton.... Gko. (tillkspie, Greenwood. April 15... Nov. 5 April 15 July 25 Wm. Smith, Jlamr Creek- Ajiril 0 April 21... Aug. 1 August 20 W. C. Wai-i-ace, Shellmouth April 10 April 5..., Aug. 20 li. E. Hoi'KiNs, iirns/on/ \ Ai,EX. Stewart, CakUarery Aprils Oct. oO JJoxaldFkaseu, i!-';yi(r.w;( April 5 April 20... Aug. 4 JosEi'ii Tees, J/f/7/(7mf April 5 ,]vi\\ 15 Aefued Pickerixg, Austin Ai)ril 8 April 13... .....' Wm. liivixE, Ahmmppi April 80 April 15 August 1 James iMiih, Ihnujhix i April 1 August 15 James Little, Oetk JUrrr April 10 April 5 August 15 Roland ^Iauuoxald, Lowestoft' April 5 April 27....1ulv25 .Aunust 2 M. G. AuEY, Vhater .".. April 0 rulv 28 '. i'. A. BiiYDON, Port, la iVaiWc. April 10 April 0 IMay 7 jAugust 7...Scj)t. 1 John Spenceu, Emerson IMarch 24,. \ i August 1 IX W. Giummett, Elm FaWn/ ....April 15 March 31.. ;August 25 AxDKEW Davison, Green Ridge April 3 Ajiril 10... August 1... August 10. L. WiLsox, Stockton '...' April 5 August 23. Se])t. 25 August 12. August of,. August I...' J. W. BuiiKiE, Vorman { April 3 April 15.. Peter Campbell, Canif)helMlle'< April 15...' .April 10... I iirvcstiny'. St. Latest. Sopt. '.» AiJii. ■:ak.'.'.. ....Sei)t. 1.") >^«'i«t. 1^ I All-. l^S ... Aiiiivist I'd. .Vuuiist 2 H'J)t. J, :o. ... Au<:ust IC. '3. Sei)t. 1'.) ^> Au>:iiKt ;;(.. •2'i NVi liter. Winter. „ . x- 1 ' Hardship Begins. ^ Ends. ^ ^^^ Loss. Dec. 1 March ;5L. Xone Dec. 1 March 20.. None Dec. 1 March 20.. None Nov. 1 April 1 None Nov. 20 March 20.. None Nov. 15 March :U.. None Late Nov. Late Mar.. None Nov. 1 Nov. 1 Nov. 5 Dec. 1 Nov. 15 Nov. 10 Dec. 20 Nov. 20 Nov. 10 Nov. 25 Nov. 25 Dec. 1 Oct. 15./... Early Nov. Nov. 15 Nov. 15 Novemb'r Nov. 10 Dec. 1 Nov. 15 Nov'mb'r.. Nov. 15 Nov'mb'r.. Nov. 10 Nov. 15 March 31.. None April 1 None April 1 None None April 1 None April 1 None April 20... None March 31.. Marcih 31.. .March 31.. March 31.. March 31.. March 31.. EarlyApr'l IN [arch 31.. April 15... April April 10... March 1... March 25.. April March 15.. March March 31.. March 25.. None , None , None None None None None None None None N(jne None None None None None None None Nov. 10.... Nov. 1 Nov'mb'r , Nov. 15.... Nov'mb'r, Nov'mb'r, March 31.. None April 1 None , April None March 31..;None |None , April [None March INone Fuel. Summer !'>( ists. Is the Climate healthy, Wood Exceptional Healthiest in the world. Wood, ^'rowing srarce '■ Prevalent. .. Ves. Wood, .urowinjj; scarce Exceptional Ves. .\Vood, in i)lenty Excej)tioiial Xone more so. Wood, in plenty lOxceptional Xouo healthier. Oak, in plenty Excei)tional Yes. Wood, on the larm Excei)tional r>etter for me than On- i tario's. AVood, hauled 7 miles Exceptional Very healthy. Wood, diliicult to jxet... Wood, plentiful Wood, costs -SI a cord . Wood, very plentiful .., Wood, easily obtained. Wood, easily obtained Wood, easily obtained Pojdar, hauled 6 miles ... Wood, hauled 4 miles Wood, in plenty Wood, in plenty AVoft..T^\\i\\i horses, 18 cattle Very well , \Vm. H. Wixaoy., Ddomhic Five liorses, 5 cattle Keniarkahly well. W.M. ^1. MouJ)V, liouiitliiniitc... Ten; they do well Ifeniarkably well. Gko. C. WiiKiiiT, Bolnsivdiii Sixteen; nicely Feed on it exclusively. W.M. .1. Bkown, Miidu Eight; very well First rate Matthew Smith. Mlnucdcmt... Ten horses, 20 cattle ; do well. (irow fat. S. D. l>AKu, Xcipdira Ten; do well Remarkably well John Flant, Jiosulmni Three horses, 20 cattle J»est 1 ever saw .TosKi'H Chaui.ks, Oakland Twenty-one I>etter than on Ontario meadows E. W. Gmmmktt, y^/)«ro//(7/... Seven; very well Very well John Spknceu, EmcrHou Twenty ; thrive well with care 'Will fatten on it. Geo. U. AVhite, i'bx<0H Four horses, 75 cattle; splendidly lAs well as on cultivated ' grasses Wm. Ikwine, Almasfippi Two Could not do better P. Campbell, CampbdlrUk Eight horses, 80 cattle ; well jCould not do better J. W. Bridge, Carman Five ; fairly well Very well if the grasses are selected L. Wilson, *S7oc/.iit'ii question; Isa\Stal)le them and Ibed prairit* liay and ed hay I keep 200 Yes; ijecause climate is \>'ell stal)led. I never lost a cow or calf. dry, straw - covered sheds and banked-up stables answer all pur- poses and cost little, and wild bay is chea]).. ' Yes In a dugout stable, feeding ])rairie hay As soon as freight rates In stables at night ; loose in yards by day.... are lower Yes :I house all my stock Yes Yes Stable them and feed prairie hay Yes Y'es Straw until Jan. 1 ; prairie hay morning andjYes evening till si)ring Not at present prices Stable them and feed hay If one has hay and help Stable them, feeding horses hay and oats;] of his own cattle, hay and "^traNV i Reasonably so : Let them feed at the straw stacks in fmej. weather, and stable them at night and! feed hay I Yes Cows and calves in stable, feeding prairie Yes bay and straw ; young cattle run out | Y'es '.. jMost certain and re- i munerative stock Pays very well Shelter most of time, and feed hayandstraw.'Thrive well Yes In stables, feeding prairie hay, straw and chopped grain ; with oats regularly to ' the horses Ye: iFeed with hay and roots iThrive Init not profitable. Nutno and Address. Manitoba. 28 No. of Cattle and Horses, and How they Winter. How do Cattle Thrive on Prairie pastnrapo. D. D. Young, Brnvdon IThree horses, \iS cattle. IWell. John Di'ncan, Amtin Thirty-five As well as on timothy. A. T. TvEUMAN, Lothfiir Kive horses ; thrive well Splendidly Gko. F. 8hAUK, Gladstone Thirty Well John Gkoimjk, ydson Twenty; very well jFirst rate A. H. ScoriKN, Rnrni Lake Ten; well Well James Laidi.aw, (Jeanmter Thirty-three; as well as in Ontario They jiet fat Henry McCi.kod, C'aWxrn/ Fonr horses, 4 cattle They get fat Robert Cam v uell, BridgeCreek Fifteen ; all very well i Well Haroi-d E1.1JOT, Morden Five horses, 11 cattle; do ..ell Get fat enongh for butcher ing in two months R. S. CoNKUN, Sininyftide Two horses, 25 cattle; first rate As well as on timothy Alfrei> W aIjKER, Slu'jipardrilh D. D. Buchanan, Grmvold Three; well Splendidly..., Nine All they get NoRRis Fines, Balmoral. W. B. Hai.i,, Ileadinghj . Seven horses, 15 cattle; very well jWell Thirty. five; very well Well Albert E. Philp, Brandon. .jTwenty-six horses; all go through the Splendidly I winter in good shape \ Gb». Forbes & Sons, Treheme..Six horses, 28 ciattle I have two steers, coming j three years old, which i , would dress 700 lbs., ' and have never been in a stable Three horses, 25 cattle; very well Keep healthy and fat W. A. Evans, Rosxer RoBT. Renwick, Carberry MArrHEW Kennedy, Lothair. Seven liorses,6 cattle; well Grandly ... Five horses, 10 cows ; very well iSplendidly. 2'J riirive on mothy 5r butcher onths mothy s, coming d, which 700 lbs., ^'er been dfat.'!.!.. f Is Stor, raising I'rolita.'lo, How do you wintfsr yonr sttxik? Yes. Do Sheep Thrive. As well ;il3 grain growing. Yes, ivitili mixed farming. Yes, es[»ec'irtlly with liigli grade stock...,, Yes Yes Yes, if the stock are good Yes .More than grain growing Yes More profitable than the crops Yes, when liay is cheap Put tlioin in « wurni stal)le, fat, at the be- ginning of winter, feed on liay and Itar- loy straw, and water rcgidarly ; feed turnips and liay to milking c(j\vs. Theyi come out fat in the H{)ring 1 Cows stabled at night; y.'//?■( (• ■ """hree liorses, 8 cattle : well, \\ ith care.. Excellently Alex. Stewakt, ('ustlKtnri. DONAI-l) FraSWv, Kuiii'XiJV... Joseph Tees, Mdnilon George Gili-esi'ik, (Indnruoil.. Wm. Macdonald, Vh'diii Tnos. Adair, Trcliirru John Hopi-er, MhlilUchmrch ... Henry Last, Storuvall \Vm. Walton, Mii;hvrif)/(0)v Thirty-two; well Well A. H. Carroll, Carrotlton . F. T. WeSTWOOO, l'f)ld()iuiy Wm. Smith, Bcmrv Crct^k Wm. S. Wallace, tShdlmoutlt.. George M. Yeomans, DrJUm... Tnos. Hagyari), Pilot Mom kI... J. Gordon Elliott, ShndcUind Twenty; they do well Always keep fat Five horses; 35 cattle ;Well , Five horses, 02 cattle; verv well WelF Ahf.utOO; well '. Well About 3()7 ; thrive splendidly Excellently Three horses, 1 2 eattb ; well ^Splendidly. Twenty ; well 'First rate Eleven ; keep in good condition lExceedingJy well. Ten horses, 80 cattle; always well Always do well ... Tlnrty, well, with care AVell Twelve horses, 8 cattle; well I cannot say 31 vistnre Is Sstock-raisiug Profitable. 4. How do you winter yonr stock ? Do Sheep Tlirive. Yes Stable them at ni^ht, and let them jro to the Yes I straw stacks l)y day Ye more so than rangejFeed hay night anU morning, and let them Yes .attle ' pick up straw Witli a limited number... Stable, and feed hay and oat straw If properly conducted Housed; plenty of hay and water, but littl(^ i grain '. They keep in good con- In warm stal)les, feeding prairie hay, straw Fairly so dition turnips and grain Wliere hay is plentiful... Milch cows I house; young cattle runintlie Yes I sheds and about the stacks Yes, l)ecause food is un-'Stable some, and let others run out, sheltered limited by sheds Y^es, with proper care jHouse all the stock in "bank" stables Yes Y"es On prairie hay and straw Yes Yes, if hay is near House at night; feed iiay principally, with Pay better than pigs, and I plenty of water less trouble Yes House them in a stable, warm, but not tor I close Not very ; iii southern Part tied in the stable, part loose in sheds... Yes Manitoba, where hay is scarce Horses pay lietter than House them only at night, and feed prairie Thrive, but not always cattle hay, straw, oats, cliopped feed and bran profitable No In stables, on prairie hay Would be, except • i Wolves Thoroughbred stock is;In warm stal>les, feeding liay and cliopped Thrive, but do not pay profitable; grade stock' feed ". well here is good fer milk; every; farmer should keep aj few i Yes, if hay alone is fed... In stables, feeding hay, bran, etc., to cows Yes il stable them at nightand feed liay ;No sheep in tiiis district. The easiest way to make In stables, het them out once a day for water, but if the weather is cold return them at once Stable them and feed hay Not if yrrain is fed Stable them in severe weather and let them Yes roam on pleasant days, feeding straw! and some hay ' Doubtful iln stables, on straw and hay *...- iFeed horses witii straw, hay and oats; the Yes cattle run out most of the time Yes lust as I would do in Ontario Certainly Stable them and feed hay Yes 'Hay and water Tiirive well if attended to Where hay is cheap 'Stable tliem and feed hay Yes No iLet them rnu to the straw stack Yes money Yes If * Name and Address. Manitoba. Wm, Smith, Souris. Mo. of Horses and Cattle, and How they Winter. Five; well C, C. Oke, Fairlmrn Three horses, 17 cattle; well Alex. Naismitu, Millford S. F. Burgess, Sechurn Charles Findlav, Shoal Luke. P. McNauguton, Raven Lake... Albert McGuffin, Melgund.. Thos. a. Sharpe, Adclpha How do Cattle Thrive on Prairie pas'.urage. Better than in Ontario.. Grandly live horses, 13 cattle; well, if you give them plenty to eat Nine; excellently Forty-seven; very well Fourteen horses, 6 cattle ; W'ell , Four ; horses get into the best condition and cattle hold their own Twenty ; my cattle are mainly recorded shorthorns, and thrive well if fed i enough W. B. Thomas, Cypress River. ..Ten; well Splendidly. Well It is all they get Very well They grow fat on it. Very well WJ.iiUO S. W. Chambers, Wattsview ilVenty-three ; thrive when housed. Splendidly. Get fat John Kemp, Aiisiin Wm. CoRBE'iT, Sjmngtiekl... John Clmming, Minnedosa. Six cattle; better than in Ontario. Seventy-five; very well Twenty -three ; unusually well 1... J. Q. Sumner, Arnmid. Geo.iH. Halse, Brandon Seven horses-, (5 cattle; well, i W. J. Helliwell, Ralphton ...Thirteen cattle ; do well Could not be better. First rate Very well First rate. Jab. McConechy, Virden jEighteen; very well if properly cared j tor •••'•M* Well Excellently Fatten on it alone. If ; Yes.... ! Not by I Witli a Ye.s.... Yes.... Yes.... Yes, ;uu sary t( ■ Yes Certainl; alone troubl( Yes Quite ,si ) • Of courst ,, Yes, as f les, coui ; nre ii Yes I f Within c s 33 Is Stock-raising Profitable. How do you winter yonr stock? Do Sheep Thrive. Yfcs In warm stables, feeding hay and oats. j Cattle can run at the stacks most of the I winter. To horses we feed hay and I oats, witli a little bran when working them Not by itself here Milking cows iitjuuM have hay three timesThrive well on hay, and a day, with an oat-sheaf twice a day. j Young cattle will thrive on good oat I straw. They should go out only on warm days With a limited number,. .iHuuse them, and feed straw and hay with I a good share of turnips Yes Let them out during the day, when they I pick uj) straw and chatf. I'ut them in stables at night and feed hay Yes House them and feed prairie hay ; tliey will I come out fat hi the spring are more profitable than cattle Yes Remarkably so This dry region is highly suita])Ie for sheep, and ' j they are profitable Yes Stabled at night; they will do well withoutiYes any shelter ! I'^eed on ,">/ I'rio hay, oat straw, etv- ' Yes, and it will be ueces- Stable tliem and feed hay, straw, roots and sary tokeepuptlieland good grain j4 Yes Stulpled at night, and ruuuiiij; to the stacrks hy day Certainly; the manure House all stock, and feed regularly praine alone is worth the iiay and a little grain trouble \"es In log stables, fed with wild liay at night... Quite so On iiay, straw and roots Of courst it is On hay, with a httle grain to the young sone and to cows giving milk Y''es, as feed is cheap On hay. T have my grain threshed as close- ' ly as possible to the stables, and the I cattle are turned to the straw stacks j when the weather is not stormy | Yes, counting in the man- On cut feed, two parts oat straw witli l)ran.. ure Yes Some I stable, others go to the straw stacks in a sheltered place Within certain limits Cows and oxen get nothing but iiay, and do I well on it in a sod stable Profitable where wolves are not numerous Y'es Yes, very profitable Yes Yes Yes; I liave 20 Yes 34 MIXED FARMING, DA As has been foreshadowed by the answers to one of the (juestions in the htst section, bine stock-raising with grain-growing. Tlie ordinary dictates of prudence, " on the prin- this diiection. The only dissentient voices come from some limited districts, generally where. Closely connected with this is the subject of dairying; but here the answers, while ])asturage, and purity of air and water, are divided is to tlu.' (piestion of i)rofit. The of the milk given by cows feeding on the prairie is so high, and ]\ranitoba butter and dairying will become a leading industry there. Water seems to be plentiful everywhere at a depth of a few feet below the surface, farm. The list of Mild fruits of Manitoba is a long one, as will be seen beloAV, and these traus])lanted aud cultivated with good elVect, wliile the small fruits of the garden grow to thrive amazingly. Along the southern border of the province, the less hardy apples, quite as far advanced toward fruit-growing as could ])e expected of her, and there is every exiarimentally, will become adapted to the local conditions and generally grown. QUES 1. 117/0/ ix your opinion of mixed farming ^ i.e., s^tock raising and grain gromng coinhined f 2, Wluii /.i r/o)v(7y/r It pays ])est Dairying will pay wlierc" plenty of native hay can b» obtained Jas. McCoMXTiv, Virden Just tlie thing Excellent AV. .b HriinvELr, I\alp]ittv .. The only successful way Inst the thing Ai.iiKKT i\Ic(Jri''F -N, Mdgmid... i 'ays better than grain alone J. J. ( ucni;.\NE, / cloraive Most |>rofitable Far ahead of Ontario. ,J.J [NG, DA last section, on ilie prin- :s, go.neraUy sweis, while profit. The I huttcr and IRYING AND FRUIT. there are few farmers in ^lanitoba who do not believe that it is far the best way to coni- ciple of not putting all your eggs in one basket," as one correspondent expresses it, point in in the extreme southern part of the province, where pasturage is not so abundant as else- 1 altogether affirmative as to the extraordinary suitability of Manitoba in climate, natural difficulty seems to be tliat the home market is limited ; nevertlieless, the quality clieese have proved themselves so su])erior, tliat there is no fpiestiou that in a short time the surface, while springs, running streams or sloughs are accessible to the live stock of almost every iw, and these :den grow to lardy apples, there is every own. QUES nhincd ? native berries and tree-fruit i are abundant and luxuriant. In many cases they have been perfection in Manitoba, and cherries, plums of various kinds, and tlie hardier apples, grapes and the like, are rapidly being acclimatized and made successful. Manitoba is reason to believe tliat Ijefore many years a large variety of fruits now cultivated only TIONS : Water. Fruits : '^ Wild ; h. Cultivated. climate than akiuij; cheese.. diu^ dairying | world I pay w lie re •% ve hay ean be tl itario Abuudanee 4 feet below the surface U'iYJ — Plums, berries autl cjierries. ('uilindnl — Strawberries, currants, jTooseberries. From a depth of 122 feet Strawberries, raspberries, blueberries, plums, cherries, . saskatoons and nuts. Plenty from wells 20 feet deep W'ihl — Saskatoons, cranberries, strawberries, plums, rasp- berries, currants. CuU'vatrd — Red, black and white (air- rants. Well. 1() feet deep 11^/7'^ — Saskatoons, cranberries, strawberries, plums, rasp- berries, currants, ^hiltirntrtl — Red, black and white (;ur- rauts. i^lenty: 10 to 15 feet Wild — Cherries, lii^di-bush cranlierric^s, plums, currants, gooseberries. Cnlti rated — All small fruits. Souris River and a well 24 ft. deep.. Wild — I'lunis. currants, gooseberries and cranberries. Plenty from wells 10 to 1.3 ft. deep.. Anples and all the small fruits are grown. Name and Address. Manitoba. 36 Mixed Farming. Geo. H. Halse, ^roncZon iThe only successful way 'A good place; but milking I cows require extra food in I the fall J. Q. Svu}iEi{,Aniand Makes success sure Can't be beaten John Cummings, MvntcdoHi Ought to be followed here It is a good place Thos. a. Shaiu'e, Adiijiha Only way to continue prosperity Excellent dairying region. Agknor Duurc, Luretlc It pays best in Provenoher county.. Generally good JoHX Kemp, Austin The only ])rofitable way Could not be bettor W. B. Ha 1.1., Ili'ddiiKjlii Tlie best i)lan Very good , Wj,i. CoRUKTi', Sjtmigfirld The proper way Well ada])ted to it in all its departments Geo. G. DowMi:, Cryshd C(7»/...!Foundation of success here Cannot be beaten , NoKws Fines, Btdmoral Generally practiced here Just the place , S. W. Chambers, Watti^ruir Just the thing Splendid place, as cows fed on the native grasses yield a j large quantity of very rich ' milk W. B. Thomas, CyprcKS Hirer... FA'ery fanner should do so Very good Chas. Wilson, Treherne The best way Could not be beaten F. W. Stevenson, Hill Viiv The true way None better; cows make more butter here than in Ontario Hakoi.I) Ei.i.ioT, M(>rd(ii Surest way to get ahead lust suited to dairying...... .. RoBT. Cam! uEi.i., 7)V/(/s]ioalJjtkr. .E\ery farmer in Manitoba should First class follow it J. G. Elliott, Sliadclavd The l)est way ' S. F. BcRGESs, Sfchurn The best way Good for that purpose 1 $1 IS- but milking xtra food in ig region. X)r it ill all its cows fed on sses yield a :)f very rich en make more i in Ontario rying..... .. )ominion. to dairying )ose. Water. Fruits : a, Wild ; h, Cultivated. Yea, from a well 30 feet deep \Wild — Cherries, high-bush cranberries, plnms, currants, ! gooseberries. Cultivated — All small fruits. All I can use, from a well ti3 feet Wild — Plums, strawberries, grapes, blueberries, deep, made with a 14 inch augur ;' cost, $35 Well, 18 feet deep Wild — Strawberries, currants, raspberries, saskatoons, cran- j berries. (}ultivatcd — Currants, gooseberries, raspberries, strawberries. Plenty from springs Wild — Strawberries, currants, raspberries, saskatoons, cran- 1 berries. CkUtivated — Currants, gooseberries, raspberries, i strawberries. Seine River and an artesian well.. ..Wild — Pears and all the other fruits mentioned above. ' None cultivated. Well, 12 feet deep Same lists as given above. Assiniboine River Wild — Plums, saskatoons, l)lueberries, cranberries (12 varieties), strawberries and raspberries. Cultivated — Plums (3 varieties), currants, two raspberries and strav- , berries. Plenty from a well 40 feet deep \Wild — Plums, saskatoons, l)lueberries, cranberries (12 ; varieties), strawberries and rasjDberries. Cultivated — I Plums (3 varieties), currants, two raspberries and straw- berries. River and deep well Currants and gooseberries principally. Well, 8 feet deep Two cultivated crab apples, and other small fruits as above. Spring atthe house and creek forfarm; All the small fruits. Pond, and well 12 feet deep All the small fruits. Well 13 feet deep All the .small truits. Plenty ; well 12 feet deep All the small fruits. All the small fruits. Constant spring All the small fruits. Abundance from wells 19 feet deep, Currants and gooseberries are the principal fruits cultivated, sunk in two days Plentiful well, 15 feet Wild fruits in plenty, but few cultivated. Shoal Lake Lists as above. VVells 9 to 10 feet deep Cranberries, black currants and saskatoons. A creek Lists as above. PLnty ; wells 20 feet deep Lists as aVi)ve. '6b Name and Address. Manitoba. Alex. Naismith, yf ill ford D. D. BiciiANAX, lirmvokl Alk. Wai.kkk, Sheppardfilli ... R. S. CoNKi.iN, SumiyKide B. R. IIvMii.TON, Xirjxnra Tnos. D. I'KMn-K, Richkmdy Andrew Johnston, Movhrai/... Thos. Framk, VmUn Gmo. M. Yeomans, X>«/^))) W M. Smith, SouriH .John George, Ndi>oii 8. A. Ward, Ckindcboiji €. Wheatland, Donorc Thos. Hagyard, Pilot Mouvd... C. C. Oke, Fair hum \Vm. Thompson, ILilknid F. T. Westwood, Pivdenmr A. H. CAiUiOLL, Carrollton Jas. Ml'ik, Dovfikis G. U. White, Foxtitn John S. Mackav, Rapid Oil!/... * S. R. HENDEiisoN, Kikionav Jos. E. Pa y nter, Bmkt h W'm. SoMERViLLE, Monk'Jioir ... Thos. M. Kennedy, Mcnotu T. ]\icCARTNEY, rort.ki Prairie Andrew Uavison, Green Ridge L. Wilson, »S7w:A-<«?) VVm. J. Brown, Melihi W. S. Moody, Rourithwaite Mixed Fanning. Pays if liay is convenient Much the best wav, Will pay well The only way for a small farmer. It pays Safest and easiest system Safe and profitable Any person of moderate means would be foolish to trust to grain growing alone, for in case of fail- ure he has nothing to fall back upon It always does well under efticient management Most successful wav Dai-ying. Best in the world, because in \ June and July the prairie I grass remains green and the j nights are cool iTliis locality is not suited to it — too many weeds 'Especially adai)ted to it :Best 1 ever heard of iGood I Very suitable jNone better Some parts of the I'rovince cannot be beaten for dairy- I Best way. Best way. I could not farm in any other way. Most profitable course It pays to keep 25 or 30 cattle and horses The only profitable method jDairying will not pay now, if it is iiei-essary to hire help.. Grass and climate both favor- able Hard to sur])ass it Hard to surpass it Good ; the cows saved us last year The only profitable method . Just the thing No success otherwise No success otherwise Best way, where possibK'.... Best way, where possible Best way, where possible Best way, where possible Best way, where possible Best system. It keeps you in work and gives something to fall back The only safe plan The best way The best way The best way Certainly ; first rate on the Turtle Mountains Good, where you have good water Good jSpIendiii j(TOod .Good iThe milk of three cows for four months made $103.J}5 1 worth of cheese Unsurpassed Unsurpassed Unsurpassed 'Unsurj)assed Good Very good Cannot be beat Cannot be beat Ne\ lii^ t Ext Ex< 39 ying. Water. Frnita: u, Wild; /y, Cultivated. ■Id, because in ily tlie prairie s green and the ol not suited to weeds )ted to it rdof. the Province ten for dairy- )t pay now, if to hire help.. te both favor- it saved us last rate on the ins u have good ee cows for uide $103.i55 Never failing wells of go(jd watel" 20 Lists as above, feet deep Big slough for stock aiid well for Liists as above. the house . Excellent water at 22. feet Lists as above. Excellent water at 22 feet Lists as above. Lists as above. Excellent water at 22 feet Lists as above. A spring ' I have a well 28 ft. deep, but in sum- Lists as above. mer cattle generally get water in' sloughs. Abundance from wells 12 to 20 ft.i deep River and well !A11 the small fruits. Well 15 feet deep iCrab apples and various small fruits. Plenty at 24 feet jStrawberries, raspberries, black and red currants Well, 50 feet deep Plums and currants. ! Wells, in shale, 20 feet iLists as heretofore. Wells, 18 feet deep [Lists as heretofore; apples, mulberries, «t(;., do not thrive. Springs, open all winter. River and well Lists as heretofore. Lists as lieretofore. Lis'.s as heretofore. Easily obtained All tlie wild berries can be cultivated. Springs and welld lAll tlie wild berries can be cultivated. Slough, and a well 15 feet deep Lists as heretofore. Red River and a well Lists as heretofore. Well 12 feet deep j Lists as heretofore. Lists as heretofore. Well 10 feet deep Plenty from a well 12 feet deep .. Well 20 feet deep Well 20 feet deep Creek on the farm Creek, and well 18 feet. Lists as heretofore. Lists as heretofore. Lists as heretofore. Lists as heretofore. Lists as heretofore. Plum, cherry, saskatoon. 40 Name and Address. Manitoba. Mixed Vamiiiig. JosKi'H Chaklks, Oakland.. Dairying. G. C WiuGHT, Boiftstraih. J AH. LriT'.E, Oak Rinr .lAa Drury, 'iapid City Wm. LiXDSAV, Evurwn Wai.tki{ Gray, (Jhater Roland McDonald, JjOurHtoft. G. li. Black, Wdlwood R. E. Hopkins, Bere-ifoi-d Hknry Last, Stonewall John Hoim'kr, Middlcclivirlu.. Geo. Gillespie, Gnrnvood Joseph Tees, Manitou Alep. Stewart, CaKtlcanry Wm. Irwine, Almumppi Thos. a. Jackson, Minnalom.. George Bowders, Baliiuntni.. Wjr. Walton, Marrivylmrd... W>i. S. Wallace, Sltellmouth... Wm. Smitvi, Bamr Creek Rout. ARMSTiiONO, Sihrr Spring Hour. Dunsmore, Bridge Creek J. W. Bridge, Carmen P. Campbell, Campbellrille R. B. WiTHEIilNGTON, DoWjluH.. J. H. Martin, Rapid City John Plant, Ro/isljurn A. G. Wakefield, Rimlmm.... Geo. G. Nagy, Roasrr Ma'ithew Kennedy, Loihair. Wm. a. Doyle, Bevlah Gives work for all the boys and The milk is far richer than girls of a large family ; and cattle: that of the cows in Ontario form a crojj that grows summerj and winter. But for young inen| homesteading, grain growing is! best ' iThe best way 'Ti'*^^ ])asture produces an i abundant flow of rich milk Good The best way Good The best way jGood . Most remunerative and certain IGood Only sure waj, Fairly good ; little done here Only way if your market is distant GooVell suited to it Best adapted to the country One of the best in the world... On the plan of never having all your Good 1 eggs in one basket, mixed farm- ■ ing should always be carried on... Mi.cjt suitable for northwestern part Unsurpassed. Tlie water in of Manitoba si)rings and wells is ice- cold, and the nigiits are always cool Better than either stock raising or Fine....! grain growing alone W^orks especially well on a small Good farm The only way that will pay Can't bo 1 ' aten for butter The only way that will i>ay Very well suitctl to it. but prices are low Absolutely necessary 'A'ell suited to it The best way ^'e^y good The liest way Very good The best way Very good The best way Better than New York State.. The best way The milk produced here is rich and in great quantity.. The best way Unsurpassed '.. The best way Unsurpassed Well wat c«* , 41 richer than I in Ontario Water. Fruits: a, Wild; h, Cultivated. Well 14 feet deep gives plenty of; All the wild fruits known in Manitoha grow here. All water the hardy kinds can be cultivated. The Canadian blue- berry might, and ought to be, added. Abundance; two wells Lists as heretofore. Well and springs Cultivated fruits do well. W^^ll 15 feet deep Lists as hitherto. Plenty at 18 feet Wild — (jrai)es and plums. Cidtirxtcd — A\\ sorts. Poor well, 18 feet deep Plenty; well 100 feet deep The usual lists. Plenty at 40 feet The usual lists. Abundant; well 23 feet deep Lists as heretofore. Wells 70 feet deep Lists as heretofore. Inexhaustible well, 58 feet....; Lists us heretofore. Well 46 feet deep Lists as heretofore. Creek and well Lists as heretofore. Wells 20 feet deep Wild : Plums, grapes, saskatoons and various berries. Plenty in shallow wells Lists as hitherto. Well 18 feetdoep Wells 10 and 30 feet AH the wild fruits; none cultivated. Abundance of excellent spring I have tilled my garden with the wild berries and small water all along the slope of Pem- fruits ; they do well under cultivation. bina Valley River, unfailing springs and wells.... The wild fruits are so variou.'s and plentiful that there is no , need to cultivate anv. Wells 14 feet deep Lists as hitherto. Well 22 feet deep Lists as hitherto. Scarce here Lists as hitherto. Water at lOfeet Lists us hitherto. Tlie Boyne River Lists as hitherto. A well, 13 feet deep Lists as hitherto. Scarce Lists us hitherto. Plenty, in wells Lists as hitherto. Bird tail Creek Lists as hitherto. Plenty at 27 feet Spring and creek Lists as hitiierto. Spring i.nd creek Lists as hitherto. i2 GENERAL In iiUHwer to the ijucHtion i\n to the best time for a settler to iirrivo in Miinituba, there land as soon as the season oi)ens. It will he observed, however, that several writers on thtir own account, in order to familiarize themselves witli the new and peculiar methods Colonists from Great Ihitain are urged to bring nothing with them excei)t clothing carried in one's trunks. House furnisliings and farming implements of all sorts can be Generiil satisfaction with the })reseut and future of Manitoba; lieaity commendation cf to the third and fourth I)arel. mly »g. 1 clothing 1 clothing iture, which liero iture, which I lere ' ji pay freight m pay freight 43 ADVICE. seems only ouo answer — early spring. Ry this is moant, in tiini! to begin to break his advise now comers to work for au experieucetl farmer one year before beginning farming demanded by prairie agriculture. and bedding, and many add that of these only so much should be brought as can bo got in Manitoba ni'^e cheaply, and of a kind bettor adapted to the region. the soil and weather i ttttd sensible instructions to beginners, will bo found in tho answers TIONS. of dot king and home fiirnixhing f I like the country.... Pretty well satisfied. I am Yes, (iejioral Remarks. We (;un grow iu Manit(»l)a from oO to ")0 l)U.sliels of wIk it, to the acre, and from 40 to (iO of harley, and from 50 to 100 of oats; and we ciiu raise horses, cattle and slieep upon the natural grasses for next to nothing. What other new country can oli'cr ^wcXx inducements with ap few drawbacks? I sav none. Yes, generally speaking. Yes, generally speaking. C-ertainly Yes ; I don't want a better land or climate Well satisfied None should t;ome hut those al)le anil willing to work. I would recommend oxen instead of horses for tlie first year, as they recjuire no grain, and will do nearly as mucii Ijreaking as liorses if proj)erly handled. Wood is scarce in most places, hut coal of a good quality is plentiful, and will l)e cheap as soon as local mines are opened. Yes; I have great faith in Mani- toba's future If this should reach any of my Highland friends in the Old Country, and if they want any information and will write to me, I will give them a:\y that J cart 44 Name and Address. Manitoba. Best time to come. Wm. Giuas, Selkirk Early spring. J. K. Rosb, IMorainr Early spring. What to bring. Woollen clothing only. Clothing and bedding. John Hoppkr, Middlechurcit ...jEarly spring Cheaper to buy here than pay freight W. J. Hku-iwell, Ralph ton ...i Early spring Plenty of strong clothes (no knee breeches), woollen blankets and i I such articles..., Thos. Hagyard, Pilot .'''oM??a...|About May 1 'Bedding and strong clothing only... Thos. Ad.ur, Trekomi Early spring |A year's clothing only Henry Last, Stomirall Middle of May Very little Ckoton, Maguire, B(nsii('rait)...lShiTch. Clothing and bedding., R. Armstrong, Silver Spring... Mareli iCIothing and berlding.. J. R. RouTLEY, Carberri/ March {Nothing Geo. Gillespie, Grcenirood Early spring Clothing, boots and bedding. Joseph Tkes, Mtmito Early spring. Clothing, boots and bedding., Thos. M. Kennedy, Me»ota Early spring As little as possible C. C. Oke, i'hirhurn March or April; then the set- Clothing but no house furnishings... tier can get early to work..., Richard Brown, Lcugmle March or April; then the set- Clothing and bedding., tier can get early to work...' Geo. H. Halse, Jlrandov ^March or April ' Ig- an pay freight les (no knee blankets and othing only... dding., dding. furnishings... 45 General Remarks. Manitoba is the best place for the tenant farmers of Eng- land, who have some capital, to come to, the home- steading laws being liberal, and a return from labor almost certain the first year. Yes; would not go back. Yes; would not go back IFor laborers able and wilUng to work on a farm, Manitoba j afibrds a good opening. During eight months of the I year $30 per month will be paid, and those who have $2,000 capital can purchase a farm and soon become I independent. I have a good home, and wouldjWe want able-bodied men and women who are not afraid not go back for a good deal ; of hard work. Let the croaker and drone stay away. i We have no room for sucli, but tlie former is sure to suc- ceed. Yes, and jirospects are bright Yes, and prospects are bright Manitoba is the best place for the tenant farmers of Eng- I land, who have scjme capital, ti i come to, the homestead I laws being liberal, and a return from labor almost cer- tain the first year A settler coming to this country must not expect anything smootli- for the first year or two, but if he makes up his , mind to work, I think in five years he may be quite ' in(le])endent. I, mvself, began on $150. and now am ; wortli $3,000 or $4,000. Yes; perfectly Settlers coming to Manitoba should t'bandon the idea of re- turning to their native homes in two or three years, I after they have made tlieir fortunes, but come to stay. Yes; perfectly !l have been in Australia, New Zealand and California, and I farmed in Ontario, and have learned that for a man j with small capital Manitoba ofiers the best advanta ges, as he can start on less capital. Yes; but no place for a lazy man... Young, healthy women can find good liomes and plenty of work. We are short of young women. I would just say that any man wiio wants to work and is I not afraid of roughing it for a few years, and who has ! a little capital, can do well here. Well satisfied. Well satisfied. Yes; though it is cold. Manitol)a is to be the ruling province of the Dominion Well pleased with present and future Well pleased witli present and future Yes We are subject to luiil storms and frosts. But we run risks in all countries. In Ontario they have rust, weevil, midge and other things, and I would twice as soon live in Manitoba as in Ontario. <»i; Would advise those with money to buy improved farms. (! Naiaft and Address. Manitoba. 46 Best time to come. Ii What to Bring. Bedding only. C. Wheatland, Donors 'March or April; then the set- tler can get early to work.. Geo. M. Ykomans, 1>«^/oj? iMarch or April; then the set- tler can get early to work...] i . Thos. Frame, Virden IMarch or April; then the set-;Clothing only. tier can get early to work. A. .Johnston, Mowbraij. March or April; then tlie set- tler can get early to work... Nothing. Wm. Walton, Marrmghurfii ... Early spring As little as he can. A. H. Carroll, Carrollton Early spring As little as he can W. S. Wallace, tihdlmouth July or August, in time to cuti Abundance of bedding and clothing, hay and put up stables but no house furnishings Alkx. Stewart, Castlcavery Middle of May, so as to select Blankets and warm underclothing, liis location comfortably... J. J. OxmRANK, Deloraine Marcli Clothing only. Well Well Well I an Wm. Thompson, llolhind If one has capital, in t]iefall;!Nothing; but all the money he can ,\ I am if not,in thespring collect A Rout. Dunsmuxr, Bridge C'?vt'A;Spring Change of clothes ng. Dioney he can Siitisfac'tion, with Prospects. General Remarks. md clothing, ings ierclothing.. Well pleased with present and futureJAnyone with a small capital to start with shoidd do well in I Manitoba, if lie has energy. 1 would advise renting a ' farm the first year. Well plensed with present and future:! have seen farming from Ontario to Australia, and say, witliout liesitation, there is no country to equal Mani- tolai for tlie steady, industrious farmer. Wel]i)leased with present and future A settler can generally rent a i)iece of land that has been I cultivated, and secure a crop the first year, much ' better tlum by sowing on the new sod. I am If many of our friends in Ontario, or the Old Country, knew bow easily tlicy could make a comfortable living here, I am sure none of them would hesitate to come. Land is cheaj) and easily cultivated: labor brings good re- turns, and the necessaries of life are easily obtained. I am I know all about Ireland, have l>een in England, through the Southern States and in Ontario, ancl I am satisfied that Manitot)a is ahead of them all for farming. I am This is tlie country for any man not afraid to work. I got burnt out two years ago last spring, and lost everything, but after all 1 am not disccAiraged. After I took up land I had to work out to earn money to get along. I was sick for over a year before coming here, and now can work like a man. Yes -^^ excellent country for all who are not afraid to work, and are ready to give up the conventionalities of older countries, also for those who ^^ish to start their families in a free, independent life at but a small cost. Yes A grand agricultural country for any who feel disposed to work. Tliere are many ncuir here who began five years i ago with nothing who to-day are quite comfortable, in i fact, they are the ones who succeed. We have prospered in a way we A colonist whose means are limited, should not hope to never could hope for had we re-l work a farm sii.jle-handed; if he has help in his mained at liome family, good; if not, he should try to be accompanied by a friend, or settle near some one w! . .■tvhom he can exchange work. In new settlements nere hired labor is exi)ensive and cannot be employed with profit. Yes .Manit(iba is just the country for industrious young men with small or large capital ; and for good laboring men who do not mind work, as in a little while they may have farms of their own. Yes To those with caj)ital and who have no previous experience of farming, 1 would recommend the buying of an im- })roved farm and they will save money ; taking care that the houses and stables are good and comfortable, wi+h a good well and a good sized slough or lake near by for the cattle in summer, with plenty of hay land. 48 i.i Name and Address. Manitoba. F. T. Westwood, Pendenniit., J. Q. Sumner, Aniaud. Best time to come. Early spring. What to bring. As little as he can May Little or nothing S. R. Henderson, Kildonayi ....'March Nothing but clothing G. C. Wright, Boiitttevai)) April W^oollen clothing and bedding. Wm. J. Brown, Melita April or May ; Woollen clothing and bedding. Geo. G. Nagy, Roftser March IWoollen clotliing and bedding. S. D. Bauk, Nf'ejHiv'd March Woollen clothing and bedding . Well J, E. pAYNTEit, Beidali March Nothing., J. W. Newton, Wdivood April Clothing. A. G. Wakefiei-o, A'o.W^cr^.... March Nothing l)ut the cook G. R. Black, Wdlwond May or June iNothing. John A. Martin, 7?rt;>irf ft7;/...: April lUnderclothing ^ R. B. Wn'HERiNmx)N, Douglu?..\A^r\\ jClothing only. Wm. a. Doyle, Bnilah March jXJnderwear, bedding and boots G. llowA^s, Parkiimno Spring Jr THK liKANDON OISTUICr. " Kkmnav, .lanuary 16th 1888. " 1 take great pleasure in giving a (;orrect statement of all the crop I had on my farm, whicli is situated on the main line "♦" <^he Canadian Pacific Kailway, seven miles west of the city of Brandon. 1 had 145 acres c wheat, from which the total yield the i)ast season was 6,840 bushels. One piece of 45 a(Tes of summer fallow gave 2,240 bushels, being an average of 52 bushels per acre, and 100 acres i^' eraged 45 bushels per acre. I had a]so45 acresof oats, which yieldtid 3,150 bushels, an average of 70 bushels per acre. Off 6 acres of barley I had 387 bushels. I planted about •,' of an acre potatoes and had 225 bushels good dry mealy potatoes. The yield of roots and garden vegetables was large and of good qualitJ^ In conclusion, I would say that previous to coming to Ontario, Canada, I had farmed in one of the best agricultural distriiits of Germany, and after coming to Canada T farmed twelve years in the county of Waterloo, Ont. T removed to Manitoba in March. 1SS4 ; that summer T broke 190 acres, ofif 58 which J reaped in 1885 a fine crop of wheat, fully as good as this year. My two sons have farmfl joining mine and their crops yielded equally as large as mine. " I must say that farming has paid me better in this province than in Ontario or the Fatlierland. "(Signed), Christian Senkueil." FROM MOOSOMIN, N. W. T. " MOOSOMIN, N. W. T. " Range 30 and 31, Township 14, 4 miles from station. Came to the country in 1883, and settletl in j)resei)t location. Amount of capital $1?,000. Acreage now owned 4,000. Under crop in 1887, (iOO acres, present capital $40,000. Yield per acre 1887, 30 bushels averr.ge. Live stock. 14 horses. " 1 am i>leasefl to givp my experience since I came to this country. My success lias been far beyond my expectations. I am fully convinced for extensive farming, wholly grain, or mixed larmiiiji, it cannot be surpassed. I think Moosomin district is equalled by few and sur- passed by no nt'-'^r point in Manitoba or the North- AVest Territories. " Moosoniiii is a first-class grain market and is growing rapidly in importance. " (Signed), J. R. Neff." EXTRACTS FROM OTHER LETTERS. W. Gov]'M.ocK--S. 27, T. 11, R. 23, near Griswold. Had 60 bushels of wheat per acre on 6 acres, and 37 bushels per acre on 250 acres. Samuel IIawa— i^ 1, T. 10, R. 22, near Griswold. Had an average of 40 bushels of wheat per acre on 250 acres. John Young— S. 1, T. 10, R. 23. Had 75 bushels of wheat from one acre. Alex. Joilnston— Near Elkhorn. An average of 41 bushels wheat per acre on 14 acres. Geo. Freeman— Near Elkliorn. An average of 37| bushels of wheat per acre on 60 acres. Tnos. A\ oon — 10 miles north of Virden. Had an average Of 63 bushels of wheat on 6 acres, (315 bushels of wheat from 5 acres.) RicHARu Taim^— South of Virden. Had an average of 61 bushels of wheat on 20 acres. Thos. Bobier — Haifa mile north of Moosomin — Had forty acres of wheat, averaging 38 bushels to the acre. J. R. Neif— Tliree miles north of Moosomin. Had 115 acres 'of wheat, averaging 37 bushels to the acre. G. T. CiiEASLEv — Four miles "orth-east from Alexander. Had an average cf 45 bushels per acid on 100 acres of wheat A. NiCTioL— Four miles north-east of Alexander. Had 150 acres wheat, averaging 40 bushels per acre. H. ToucHBOURNE — Four miles north-west of Alexander. Had an average of 40 bushels per acre on 100 acres of wheat. A'e farms io or the )) •INKUElIi. W. T. LS83, and Under re. Live lias been grain, or and sur- EFF." : acre on of wheat 14 acres. 50 acres, leat on 5 10 acres, iging 38 iging 37 ) bushels Iging 40 I bushels 59 -Smitli-west of Alexander. Had 80 acres wheat with an average of 40 bushels \V. Wah- per acre. RoBT. Ro(h<;ks— Near Elkhorn. Had 10 acres of wheat averaging 40 bushels per acre. Wm. Wexman, from Kent, farmer, Plum Creek; came 1881 ; capital about $1,000; took up liomestead and pre-emption for self and two sons, IHJO acres in all ; has over 8000 bushels wheat this year; three teams of horses worth $1200; eight colts worth SIOOO; cattle worth $500; implements, etc., $1000. His real estate at present is worth at least $8000. H. Selby, from Leicester, ofhee clerk, 23 years old, came 1883, took up homestead and pre- emption; capital nil; has this year 1200 bushels wheat, some oats and barley ; yoke cattle and implements worth $400; real estate w^orth_$1200. (This is a worker.) aIichael Ckee])an, carpenter, from Cork, (;ame 1882 with wife and six children, arrived at Plum Creek in debt £80 ; has now good plastered house and two lots in Souris town ; 100 acres good land ; four cows in calf, three heifers, pigs and fowl ; no debts ; real estate worth $800 ; cattle worth $300. Daniel Connolly, plasterer, from Cork, came 1883 ; brought out wife and seven children ; has now good plastered house in Souris town worth $000 ; cash at least $500 ; no debts. .Iames Cowan, Irish, arrived in Manitoba 1882 without a dollar ; hired out until he could earn enough to buy a yoke of oxen ; owns now 320 acres, of which 200 are under cultivation ; comfortable frame house, two teams of horses, eight cows, and everything necessary for carry- ing on a large farm ; also a wife and two children ; has V)000 bushels of grain this year. Stephen Brown came out in 1882 ; was hired out until 1885 ; saved enough to buy a team of horses and make payments on land ; broke land in 1885 and had his first crop in 1886 ; got his brother to come out, who also had a team and bought land alongside, so that they worked together ; have each 160 acres and good house and s*ock ; raised their second year 7000 bushels of grain. Morgan and Thomas Powell, Welsh miners, came in 1882, £80 capital ; last year brought out their wives and families ; have each about 4000 bushels of grain this year. Patrick Bickley came out in 1882 ; has worked on a farm, hired ever since ; has £300 in the bank. Phillips Brant, a Guernsey carpenter, £200 capital; has 320 acres, 60 head of cattle, and three sons settled within four miles, all on their own farms of 320 acres, and raising large crops Donald Sutherland and Thomas Stewart came from Scotland in 1882 ; bought each a yoke of oxen and went to work breaking their land, their wives meanwhile erecting sod houses, in which the families lived for two yeais. They are now independent ; good frame houses, a 4|uantity of stock and large crops. ^^i*^-^*V^'^^>m^^^r,.:.,.^.^^.^,^^^^^^_^^^ (If- '■'*'^W»'- viW^„A^>.,..V_,„ ^^ ,5^.^v.,.^^ ■■#*-n*f.- ^ tion jntiT, a the ur not rf the 9, and «'; and Bhall, vrhin the first year after the date of his homenal, so that within three years of tlie date of his homestead entry, he shall have not less than twenty-five acres cropped, and shall hiive erected on the land a habitable house in which he shall have lived during the three mouths next preceding his applic:ition for Inunestead i)atent. 3. The homesteader shall commence tho cultivation of his homestead within six months after the date of entry, or if the entry was obtained after the first day of September in any year, then before the first day of June following; shall within the first year break and prepare for crop not less than five acres of his homestead; shall within tho second year crop the said five acres, a'ld break and prepare for crop not less than ten acres in additioii — luaking not less than fifieen acres in all; shall have erected a habitable house on tho homestead before the expiration of tho second year, and on or before the commencement of the third year shall have begun to reside in the said hooso, and shall have continued to reside thcreiu and cultivate his homestead for not less than three years next prioi to the date of his ap|>lication for patent. In the event of a hotnesteader desiring to secure his patent within a shorter period than the three or five years, as the case may be, he will be permitted to purchase his homestead, or homestead and pre-emption, as the case may be, on furnishing proof that he has reside» CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY <-- PiioviDKs A Special Form of rASSKNGKii Equipment, known as :S!aaa«:-K»c©U!t>afi4iKiK:«!;»i;ciMUC!iijt>ciiKkxzs2XX!K^ >;v>:vxvMW>ov;',^yx:>x">xy>;vx*>£>;' ^'| COLOJSriST C^^TIS Which are run through to MANITOBA and BRI^^ISH COLUMBIA on the rcguhir I^xpress Train leaving MONTREAL each week day. They are really " Sleeping Cars," modelled after the style of the first-class " I^^-llman," with upper and lower berths, closets, lavatories, &c., «S:c., the only difierence being that the seats and berths are not upholstered. Occupants may supply their own bedding, or can purchase of the Company's Agents at QUEBEC, MONTREAL, or TORONTO, a mattress, pillow and blanket for $2.50 (10 shillings), which they can retain at the end of their journey. The accompanying cut shows the interior of a Colonist Car, with a portion of the berths made up for sleeping purposes. Holders of COLONIST or SECOND-CLASS TICKETS are allowed FREE USE OF THESE CARS FROM THE BEGINNING TO THE END OF THEIR JOURNEY OVER THE ( ANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY. f i i