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OimMn ImthuM for HIttorleal Mlcro«p«ductloi« / InrtKut caiwdim microreproductlon. hMorlquM

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i

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SftCONiD OOPV,

SERIES -III-

WAYSIDE TREES

CATALPAMAPLESYELLOW= W00DAILANTHV5L0CV5T WALNVTETC.

With life size pen and ink stvdies ofthe leaves

from natvre

BY

F-SCHVYLERMATHEm

"TABER- PRANG ART C9

B05TONA SPRINGFl ELD, MASS.

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SERIES DL BEING A DESCRIPTION OFTHE CAT- ALP A. MAPLES, YELLOWWOOD, AIL- ANTHUS, LOCUST, WALNUT, ETC -•

I

/ BY F. SCHUYLER BjlATHEWS J* ILLUSTRATED WITH PEN Al© INK DRAWINGS FROM NATURE BY THE AUTHOR J^ J^ ^ ^^ ^ ^ •* "^ ^ -^

TABER-PRANG ART CQ SPRINGnaD.MASS.

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COPmiGHr 18!}9B<TABEf*FW\N6ART Co SPRINGRELD MASS,

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INTRODUCTION

WAYSIDE TREES, SERIES III.

4-^

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jEAVING the altenute-growing leaves which were exhauited in the lecond terics we appioMh a large chun o< op- podte-growing leaves, the winter bnds of which have unfolded in a pair of well-baknced leaves whose S3rstenuktic arrangement along the branchlets will be discerned at a glance. All the dogwoods and maples are inchided under this order, except one eccentric chanKter, whose exception to the rule is so conspicuous and solitary that it has been named the alternate-leaved dogwood.

The charwter or method of growth among these leaves shows a fundamental difference from that of the leaves already described. The order is now as follows:

Leaves, Simple :

! Opposite growing Without teeth Undivided edge

(MgCt

3>S

Opposite growing

With teeth

Undhrided edge . . . , . . 7

SOnMsite growing Widi teeth Dhrided edge .

9> I3> i7> (9

But the sugar maple is not distinctly toothed and must be cbusified thus : pi^M

/ Opposite growing Class IS j Undulating-toothed

(Divided edge u

In order to obtain room for our big-leaved yellow- wood and ailanthus, I have found it necessary to |dace them in the centre of the book where they can occupy both the right and left hand pages. This caused a break in the succession of leaf-types which coakl not well be avoided. But with the advent of the ydfow- wood we have left behind us all the sfanple formed leaves and fsce the complex or compoond foims* i.e., leaves whkh are composed of kt^ts.

Our order now runs as follows :

Leaves, Compound : Chss 13

Alternate growing Without teeth Leaflets bordering

main leaf-stem 14, 15, 13 Alternate growing With teeth Leaflets bordering main

leaf-stem . . . t3, as The cbss numbered 14, consisting mainly oi the Jugtandacea family, is continued in the fourth series.

F. Scmnruat Matkiwi.

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Alt«rnat«-lMv«d Dofwood.

Cirnus alltmifblia.

Fimily . . CORNACEiE, Dogwood.

Ua< . . . Parallel veined, shiny moderate yel- low-green.

Fhrit . . . With corallike red 8tem», blue-black bloom.

Bwk . . Dark ruddy brown \ gray-brown branches \ comparatively smooth.

Hci^t . . 1 5 ft. to 20 ft., rarely 30 ft.

HaMtat . . New England west to Minn., Alle- ghany Mts. to Ga. and Ala., south- ward through the northern States. Character : Leaves clustered at the end of the

branches.

Flowering Dogwood.

Cdmus fldrida.

Family Leaf . Fruit

Bark . Height HsUut

CORNACE.«:, £>ogwood. Firm, moderate shiny ereen. Scarlet, about % m. long. In fall

buds are flat, round with point

atop. Dark yellow-brown, small, scaly. 1 5 ft. to 30 ft., sometimes 40 ft. Mass. west to southwest Mo., south

to Fla., and valley of Brazos Riv.,

Texas. '

(3>

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Family iMl .

Fruit .

HMk . Height HaMut

Family Leaf .

Bean .

Bark .^

Height Habitat

Fringe Tr«c.

ChioHdnthm hrgfHifa.

OLEACEif), Olive.

Smooth, 4 in. to 8 in. long, Arm, deep green, pale beneath.

Oval, dark black-blue bloom, few in a clutter, leu than i in. long.

Brown ; thin scales tinged with red.

20 ft. to 30 ft., often a shrub.

Southern H. to Tampa Bay, Fla., Gulf States to southern Ark., val- ley of Brazos Riv., Texas.

Catalpa.

CaMpa MgHonioyes.

BIGNONIACE^, Bignonia.

Heart-shaped, soft, light green, large, woolly beneath.

Long, slender, light-brown, with winged or fringed seeds.

Thick, smooch l^ht-brown tinged red, large thin scales.

40 fk. to JO ft., rarely 60 ft.

Southwestern Ga., western Fla,, cen- tral Ala. and Mist., hardy, and cultivated throitthout the North. Common in touthern New England and New York.

(6)

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Black Haw.

yiUmum pmnifMum.

Black Haw.

immm ^nt/hSum.

mrimimimmwm

Banilng Bush.

Buh^mus EuropJtus.

Ftanfly . . CELASTRACE-ffi, Suff-tree.

LMf . . . Elliptical, olive-green, shiny.

Fwk . . . P»le magenta, opening and showing an orange seed, suspended.

BMk . . . Giw-brown, very small scales.

Hdaht .. 15 ft. to 20 ft.

Habitat . . Not indigenous : from Europe. Parks and gardens. Our own variety, similar fruit, purplisn-red seeds IBmHfmm atnfurfmrius)^ N. Y. to Neb., south to Fla., southwest to Ind. Territory.

Family U«l Fruit .

t

Bwk . Hei^t Habitat

5weet Viburnum. Sheepberry.

VibAmum lentigo.

. . CAPRIFOLIACE^, Honeysuckle.

. . Deep green, shiny.

. . Red-stemmed, blue-black bloom i less

than H in. long. . . Red-brown, with small scales. 15 ft. to 30 ft. , New Engund,southwestward through the northern Sutes, along Allegha- ny Mts. to northern Ga., west to Mo. and Neb.

Famfljr Lcai . Fndt . Baik . Hei^t Habitat

Black Haw.

ViHmum prunifhHum.

CAPRIFOLIACE^, Honeysuckle.

Firm dark green.

Dark black-blue bloom.

Ruddy brown, scaly.

15 ft. to 30 ft.

Southwestern Conn., lower Hudson Riv. valley to Hernando Co., Fla., southwest to Mo., Ark., Oklaho- ma and i^ley of Guadaloupe Riv., Texas.

(7)

mtmmmtmmm

>, 0—« lot Maple.

\emmsfMmieitm,

MounUIn Maple.

Acer spttitum

Fuitty . . SAPINDACE^, Soapberry.

Leti , . . Often attenuated, usually three-lobed, soft.

Seed . . '. Small, wings nearly at right angle, in long clusters.

B«ik . . . Thin, smo^h or slightly fiirrowed, ruddy brown.

Heiglit . . 25 ft. to 30 ft.

Habitat . . Me. to Minn., south aloM Appala- chian Mts. to northern Ga., a tree only on western slopes of mtt. in Tenn. and N. Car. Character : in the north usually a shrdb.

Striped Maple, Ooosefoot Maple.

Ater PeinuyMnicum.

FuBily Leaf .

OCCQ

Bwk .

Hdi^t Habtat

SAPINDACES, Soapberry.

^ft, huge, light green, three-lobed.

Widely divemng wings, lai|e.

Small trees, 1^ green, striped with brown lines j lai]ger, red-brown, pale stripes.

25 ft. to 40 ft.

Northern N. E., N. Y. to north- eastern Minn., northern States in elevated r^ons, south *loi% Ap~ (Mdachian Mtt. to northern Gs.

'9)

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>tig«r Maple.

imtm var. nigrum.

FmulT Leaf

Seed . Bwrk . Height HabiUt

Famitjr Lorf .

aCCO Btfk . Height Habitat

MWMi

Sugar Maple. Rock Maple.

Aeer soccharii$Mm.

. SAPINDACE^, Soapberry.

.• Dull toothed, moderate ydlow-green,

waxy surfiice. . Slightly divei^ing wings. . DMply seamed, brown-gray.

o ft. to 100 ft., sometimes 120 ft.

e. to northern Fla., west to Minn.

and eastern Neb., Kan. and Tex.

Black Sugar Maple.

Aeer saceharknum var. nigrum.

. SAPINDACE-*, Soapberry.

. Hardly any teeth, widely thrce-lobed, the deft at base often closed.

. Slightly diverging wings.

. ^U J:-brown, deeply seamed.

. 70 ft. to 80 ft., sometimes 100 ft.

. Low grounds and banks of streams, shores of L. Chaihplain, Vt., west to Ark. and Kan., southwest to northern Ala., Mass., banks of Genesee Riv., N. Y.

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Series 3

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Series 3.

See Ra^e i5

Y«llowwood, Vlrf Ilia.

ChdrdsHs Hnc^ria.

Faany . . LEGUMINOS^ PuUe.

L«i . . . Leaflets, 7 to ii, light olive^green.

Ban . . . Pod 3 in. or 4 in. long, ihaped like pe»-pod.

BMk . . . Smooth grayish brown, or light brown.

H«Mit . . 50 ft. to 60 ft., tometimes ^ofi.

lUbttat . . Clift of the Kentucky and Dick Rivl., in central Ky., centralTpnn., ttfccuXij near Nashville, western slopes of h^^ mts. in eastern Tenn., and in Cherokee Co., N. C, cult, from N. H. and N. J., southward.

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(14)

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Family Lai

.Seed

B»k

Hdi^t

Allantus or Ailanthus.

AUintkus ghnJuibsus.

. SIMARUBACE/E, QuMsU.

. Leaflets 21 to 41, stem horee-hoof-

shaped^ two or three coarse blunt

teeth at base of leaflet. . Large clusters, win^d, at first light

green or pink ting«d, afterwards

bufF-brown. . On jroung trees smooth, brown with

buff stripinsi on older, brown,

compantivcTy smooth. . 50 ft. to 70 f^. Not indigenous: from China. City

streets, parks, etc. Character: Suminate flowc i»,,green, ill-icented.

(IS>

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iPiiiifiBiiiii Series 3.

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Btti

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Heiglit HaMut

Whit* Maple. Sllvar Mapls. yi^/r ia»y€itfum.

. . SAPINDACE^, Sotpberry.

. . Deq>ly five-Iobcd (cut-leaved vari- eties), waxy surface, deep gicen, veiy light beneath.

. . Laige, extremely diveigent wings; one wing often snull.

. , Brown, furrowed, thin scales.

. . 70 ft. to oo ft., sometimes i ao ft.

. . Me. to FU., west to eastern Dak. and Neb., Kan., Oklahoma, valley of Mississippi River.

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Norway Ma»i«.

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R«d Mapl*. Swamp M«pl«. Aetr riiirmm.

rmOf . . SAPINDACE^, S<Mpbernr.

Lm( . . .• Generally thrce-lobedf I^M gecen

ibovct light whitish green beneath,

turning red in autumn. Sm4 . . . Sliriitljr divergent wings, nnooth,

drooping ateim. Bwk . . . Brown or grry-brown, roughly aeam-

edfKahr. Hti^t . . 70 ft. to so ft., lometimes lao ft. HaUtat . . Me. to Fla., west to eastern Daks.,

Neb., Okhhoma, and valky of

Trinity River, Texas.

Norway Mapla. Jtir flatantM*s,

Common in parks, dark green leaves, green on both'sides, large seed, with extremely divergent wii^t itark brown bark, moder- ately rough, branches abnosr horisontal with trunk { juice milkv.

There are some cut-leaved forms.

(10)

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LEGUMINOSAtPube.

Dull darit olive (bluish) »een, leaf-

kcs 7 to 19, pale benerai. Pod iat, about 3 in. long. Dark broim, decpljr furrowed, tnall

i6o ft. to 80 ft., aometimct 90 ft.

Apjpaladuan Mtt., Marine Co., Plik, to nofthcm Ga. In nnenU cuki- vadon cast of the Roclgr Mts.

KMtMckjf C«fiMi Tra*.

^fmmMubtt VsiuMiuis,

LEGUMINOS^ Pulae. DottUe compound, lometinics 3 ft. dive-green, kdkstt wiwout

lonfe teeth.

Pod hiwjcoaiae, curved, neai^ a in. broM^banJigr^r beans.

Dark dull broim, rougb scaljr, brandws alao scaly and rough.

60 ft. to 75 ft., soiaetiiBes no ft.

Shores Cwugi, and Seneca Lakes, R Vn FnwkBn Co^ ftu, wm thioMh soudwm Mkh. to vallef of M&Maaia Riv.,to eastern Neb., jHisiemiUnn southwestern ^ and Ittd. t*er., sdodi beter, Aue- riMuiv Mts^and Mississippi R^ver toMiddfeTenn.

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Hoa«y Locust.

Glutttt«ku inmedtHkas.

LEGUMINOSA, Pube. Somedmet double compound, usually

14 leaflets, obscurely toothed, l%ht

dull green. Pod nMMy, dark brown, twisted, about

10* in. long, or more, filled with

yellow sweet pulp-, brown hard ' scales. Gray-brown, seamed, thickly covered

with li^ brown thorns, 4 in. lor^,

often 3-branched. 70 ft. to 90 ft., sonwtimes 140 ft. Western sbpe of AUeg^y Mts. in

F^.,west thrm^ Mich, to eastern

Neb., Kan. and Ind. Ten, south

to northern Ala., Miss, and Tex.

A varie^ without thorns called

var. ttumu.

Mountain Asb. I^rm AmtmJma.

ROSACEA Rose.

Leaflets 13 to 17, bright deep green,

pale beneath.' In flat dusters, dull'scarlet. Fbvofe4 liiw wiU cheny, dark shiny

15 ft. to 30 ft., often a durub.

Devated r^ioiu ^ ^te northeastern States, region of the Gfcit Lakes, and ld(^ BKNUitip ranges of Va. •adN Car.

(£3)

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Series 3.

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WnM . Bvk .

Habitat

Fnrilr LmT .

FraU .

Buk .

Hdiht Habitat

Birttoniiit*

Jiikmf einirtm.

JUOLANDACE^ Walnut.

Leaflett, ii to 17, thin, dull ydlow- green, rou^uh.

Sticky, green (velve^) Inisk, kma, dark<brown rou^nutftufeetkeniM.

L^lit gny, tmall ridg^ dudkrar fit> ■urcfl, RN^i-^nn.

;o ft. to 80 n., occasionally 100 ft. >. to eattcrfi Diki^ wuthcMteni Neb., south throi^ oMthem States to Del., southern Mo., north- eastern Ark., Appalachian Mtt. to northern Ga., northwestnm Ala.

Black Walnut.

TUGLANDACE^ Walnut.

Leadets 15 to 23, thin, shiny yellow-

, V green.

Aromatic green husk I huge, s|riie- loidal, toug^ «lark-bro«rn nut ; sweet, sttw^ kernel.

Daik brovrn, ttitttd iHth brown-*icd, deeply fistured, rounded ri(%es.

)o ft. to too ft., occai^nally 150 ft.

Western Mfss., diRNi||h soimiem Mich., Minn, to northern Neb., eMtcm Ean.^ soudiwiid to west- ern Fhu, cemial Ahu, Miss, and Texas.

<ZS)

IS

T

A REVISED LIST OF BOTANICAL NAMES

^

OF THE TREES.

THE bounkal nmn of ircci have been ravited accordinc to certain law* now adopted by manjr botanitta, and a mott important revision, according to the Checic Lilt made by Grorfe B. Sudwoith, pre- pared under the direction of Piw. B. E. Femow, tot the United Staiea Department of Agricukure, ia given below, accompanied bjr a revision 1^ Prof. C. 8. Sar- gent (see Silva of North America), and the older

names according to Dr. Au Gray (see Manual). The pnfcrcnce given in this book to the nomencbture of Dr. Gray, is naturally conservative, but consistent with the fact that Dr. Gray's Manual is its sundard of authority > at the same time the reform in the use of names is sure to be established i|i time, and the accompanying list is essentially valuable to a popular work of this kind.

Allaathvt or AUantes.

Akiar, Black.

Arbor Vte. or While Cedar.

Alb. Black.

Ash. BhN.

AshiGieta.

Ash. Moaataia. Ash. Red.

A>b, Watir or Swanp. Ash. White.

Be. Ma aaaT.

e.a.

AsnsB. Largs toothed. KJaofCilnd.

BaaaawHl. Small leaved, riwcfc.

B.idM]W.OMoorPethl. Buefcaye, Svael. Boroiag Bush.

AOaathos fba Ilea vankOlata. Th«4aoeddaataU8. Fraaiaaa sambucMoMa Fnaiaus qaadraagalsta. FiashHia viridia.

Pyms Amorieaaa. Fiaiiaaa pubcsoiaa. FtaiiBUs pUtycarja. Ftaxiaoa AoMrkaaa.

giaadidcal balsamlllwi

lifvavar.

TIBa.^

Fagai iRiaglaaa<

'MgHliia.

Mflava.

Baitoanoed or Sycaemrt. Birch, Bladi. or Sweet. Bfrcfat Euiopeaa. Birch, Jiay. Bbcb, Paper, Ciaoe, or

White. Bbch, Kad. or River. Birch, YeUow.

la^f Plataaas

Fnutiaas algra. Fnudaaa Peonqrlvaaica i

Fnudaus PaBasyhraalea. Fnudaas CareUalaoa.

FagBs AnMrlcaaa. iCscidoa octaaiba.

Ftaaimis algn. Fraxieoa buicaohla.

Fyrosi

Fraaians paaaayivaaiea.

Frialaus caroHaiaaa.

Fnalanii

Cedar, Red.

Cedar, White.

Cbcrrjr, Black.

Cherry, Ctooha.

Cherry. Red, or Bird Chetiy.

Chestaat.

Cottoairaed. Cucwabar Tree. Dogamd, Alleraaia-havod. Dsgwood, FloMriag. Bai,AaMi<caa,orWUlc. Bhn, Corky WMle. Eba. Red. or SUppary. FIr.Balsaas. FriMaTrae.

Haeidiany. or Soiatbarry. Hear, Hack. Haw, ScBiiat.

Hkkeiyf Brown, or Pigaat. Htekoiy.erShsghark., HMwy, SwaaVior BilkmMi HWI^WUta-teit^ er

Holly, Amaricaa. Hotiibsa& or Walsr Beach,

or nua Beach. Homhaaai. "Hopt or Iron-

isMcidaBtalis.

MHMa.

Betula papyrUsrac

Catalpa MfBoaiefalsa. Jua^MraaVMakMa. ChaauB^fpana apoMroidaa* IMiaas aantfaa. Proaaa inmMaaa. Pruaas Panaayhaatea. Qartaasa aatha var. Aiiaii-

MMaaHa acaariaata.

Cslalpa catalpa.

tbyoidea.

Fagns alropuaioaa.

jEacutai octaadia. EaooyeMN earopaos.

Cstalpa catalpa.

Pranaa vtrgbdaaa.

deltoidaa.

Ccwaas florhla Ubaaa AMsrieii-ia. UtaMM raosMosa. UhMtsWva. AUaibatsaaMa.

leaaattaaVMaim. CeMs occttataH.

Horae ChaalaM. Ilea, M»iataia. K«gMdiy OrfHe Tree.

Ileal

(ijniaftflartin CaaailBaBis

UUa« aaNtkaa^. Utaawi

Tasgai

w a.. *• * ^

nmtmmBmmmt

Htamlar^

Hkiaitaalka.

Catpiaasc Oalqra vbgiahuia. JOmim MppacaaiaM GyauMcMhis

<i^

m

mm0lt''

lMES

Manual). The omcnclature of buc consiMeflt M its Mandard brm in the um time, and the lie to a popular

pa.

Miicaaa.

nodn. •uropaat.

IptflMa

Lurch, AmericMi. or Hack- matack.

Lindtn. Anwricaii. or Ua»a- wood.

LiqaMambar, or Sweat Cum.

LociNt.

Lociiat. Hoa«)-.

Munalta, Small, or Sweet

Maple,' Aab'lewred. or Box

Elder. Maplet Black Sugar. Maple, Moantaln. Maple, Norway. Maple, Red. or Swamp. Maple, Striped, or (^oowfoot. Maple. S««ar. or Rock. Maple, White or .Silver Mulberr;'. Red. Oak, llaiket, or Cow. Oak. lUack.

Oak, iHack Jack.

Oak. Bar. or Ovcrciip.

Oak, ChealDUt.

Oak.La«tel.

Oak. no.

Oak, Pom, or Iron.

Oak. Red.

Oak. Scarlet.

Oak,Spaulah.

Oak. Senunp Whitt.

Oak, Water.

Oak. White.

Oak, WllhAr.

Oak. Yellow CbeatMit.

Papav, or Cuatard ^ple. Penlmmoa. PiBcGra]r,orJack. Pli» lenee Scnib. Ha*. ioMelljr, or Old FteM. Piae, rrorthcm Pittli, Piae, Red, or NorwM-. nae, SoMbera Yellow, or

Gaomla, or Loag4eaf . nae.TibieMeaataia. nae,WUle.

PiM, Yellow, Short-leaf Piae. PhHB,GlNMda. Poplar, BaiaaM, Poplar, Batem Varletiea.

pioplar, Whlta. RadBod.or|«daaTiee.

SpnMe, Haek.

Tavra.

Whlta^orCat. WUta, or ScarM*

TMo, av Soar Gaai. VttHWBwm VMOt, or Shcq>-

wwrnonck.

WOmt, Hawt-lca««d.

YiMinaiiniil. nr irhglWn

Larix Ameiioaaa.

Tllia AnMricaaa.

U«|uidaad)ar atyracMua. RoMala headacacia. CMtlacMa titacaothoa. MaRaoUa gtaiiea.

Negvndo acerolde*.

Aceraaccharinain var. nigiwn

Acer aplcatam.

Acer (Aatanoidea.

Acer rubnim.

Acer Pcnaaylvaalcam.

Acer aaccharlauiB.

Acer daiircarpam.

Miyua rubra.

Qucrcua MtehaeaU. Quercua cocdaea ear.

luria QucrcuK ni|ra. Queicua ntacrocarpo. Qaereua prinua. Quercua imbricarla. (jucrcaa paluatrla.

atelUta.

luhra.

cocdnea.

latcata.

bicolor.

aqnatica. _ alba.

Quercua Phelloe. Quercua Muhleabergii.

Aaimiaa triloba. Olaapytoa Virgiaiana.

tiac-

Piaaaiaepa. PiaaaTtfda. PfauMrigida. Piaaa rMiaoea. Pioaa pahMrla.

Piaaa

Larix laricina.

Aceraeguodow

Acer bartaium var. aigiwn.

Acerbaifaatam. Acerxaccharianm.

Quarcaa vehMiaa. Quercua Maiibadlca.

Quercua Bilaor.

UBirEua Qagnaau Quercua algia.

Piaaa dimiicata. Piaua l^aiaaa.

Larix taficiaa. Titla aaaerlcaaa.

Robioia paeudacacia. Gledltaia triacaaihoa.

Aceraegnado.

Acer aaceharum aignna.

Aeer peaaaylfaakoM. Acer aacdMnna. Acer aacchariaum.

Qaercai miclMuxU. Quercue eehitiaa (Yellow

Oak). Quercua BUMilaadica.

Quercua mlaor.

Queicoa phelloa.

Oloapyioe vifgiaiaBa. Plana diearicata.

noaaadtU. Pmaoa AawrioMa. ^opalaa bdaaarifera.

faalHUaiinra ear. la-

Popahia balaaailfcni ear. lati- faHa.

ir. vl-

Carcia Caaadiaala* Saeiaftaa ofidttaie. Fiaea algia. ncaa am ear, robia. Pfceaalba. GnMgaa rorclnea

NyaaanwaHea. Magaam UnbtaMa. VBnnMia Uatigo.

PiauaecUaata PruBua algfr

Sa&Md

■*•:

Mbti

tt^leMMMIa. SaMa Bw^BaidM. ftdbt aHia var. c«ral*a. Cladraalia tfacloria.

PieeaMariaaa.

Ploaantaw.

PleeaCundeaab.

Magaolia ttipeiala.

SaUa AaeiaiUta. CMiaatia tatia.

efc^daiaaa. tflda.

Pieua atrobua. Piaaa ecMaata. Pfvauaaigra.

Cerde caaadeaaia.

Picaa^caaadeaaia.

Magnolia tripetala. Vlbannna mitago.

SaUxIbHaUba. SuHs liabyloaica.

Oadraatla latea.

27)

iT'sfes

iM

ALPHABETICAL INDEX

JOT THE rOUR itIKIBS or WAVSIDE TRBO.

AMt riM .

Attr a^puMk . At-

Si

*