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ca:

PRI^

C!cL>^i^ci CL - (-^(^ol

Of -^ ' OX

c^ ^;. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA

GEORGE M. DAWSON, C.M.G., LL.D., F.R.S., Director

f 5^

.rv/G

/

CONTRIBUTIONS

< i

TO

CANADIAN PALEONTOLOGY

■n

VOLUME I.

I

BY

J. F. WHITEAVES, F.G.S, F.R.S.C., &c.,

PALEONTOLOGIST AND ZOOLOGIST TO THE SURVEY

¥

m.

t

OTTAWA

PRINTED BY S. E. DAWSON, PRINTER TO THE QUEEN'S MOST

EXCELLENT MAJESTY

1885-98

No. 660

t^

I'l

I
i

Each of the sheets of previous parts of this volume bears, at its foot,
the imprint of a date at which an edition of 100 advance copies, without
plates, was distributed to palaeontologists and scientific publications.

Part I, complete, consisting of pages 1-90, with plates Ml, (in each
case, both inclusive) was published in 1885; Part II, of pages 91-196,
with plates 12-26, in 1889 ; Part III, of pages 197-254, with plates 27-32[
in 1891 ; and Part TV, of pages 255 3G0, with plates 33-47, in 1892.

The Part now submitted (Part V) which concludes the volume and
consists of pages 361-436, with plates 48-50 and five woodcuts, will bear
date herewith.

GEORGE M. DAWSON.

3"

I
111

I

i

Geological Survey Department,

Ottawa, November, 1898.

' I

G

C

i

■I

OEOLOOIGAL AND NATURAL HISTOBT SUBVETOF QANAOA .

ALFRED R. C. SELWYN, LL.D., P.K.8., Dimotob.

CONTRIBUTIONS

TO

CANADIAN PALiEONTOLOGY.

VOL.UME I.

,0^V..^v"-''^

y

J. F: WHITEAVES, F.G.S., FR.CS., &c.,

r^L.tONTOLOIilST AVt) ZO(>I.O<>IM TO THK SURVEY.

FART I. — Report on the Invertebrata of the Laramie and Cretaceous
Rocks of the Vicinity of the Bow and Belly Rivers and adjacent
localities in the North-West Territory.

PRINT KD FOR THK GOVERNMRNT OF CANADA,

i:

DAWSON BROTHERS, Putillshers,
MONTREAL .

1885.

Under tlio ^'ononil title of " Contributions to Canadian Paleontology"
it lis proposed to publish, from time to time, such papers as cannot be
conveniently included in either, of the volumes on the Palieozoic or
Mosoiioic Fossils of Canada now in course of preparation. Those
papers and the plates which illustrate thera will be paged and num-
bered consecutively, and an index will bo prepared tor oadi volume as
soon as completed.

The part now presented contains a descriptive report (jn the fossils
collecteil by Dr. (i. M. Dawson and other officers of the Survey in the
years 1881-84, buth inclusive, from the Laramie and Cretaceous rocks
of the Bow and Belly Hiver district. It consists of eighty-nine pages of
letterpress, illustrated by eleven lithographic plates.

ALFRED B. C. SlilLWYX.

I

* ■

I

Geoloqicai. and Natural Histobt Survey Ofpioe,
Ottawa, 4th Aug., 1885.

ri

I l>

i

^ I

■ I

it]

i

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if 1 ■ ■

■ '' f
* 1

GEOLOGIOAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY OF CANADA.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALHONrOLOGY.

VOLUME I.

UV .). F. WIUIEAVICS-

:1. Jteport on the Tnrertehrata of the Lurami' and Cretaceous rocks of the
vicinitii of the Bow and Jiell// liivers and adjacent localities in the
Korth- Went Territonj.

Tho prcHont jiapor is iiitcndod ])riiniiril3-as a i»altuontologicixl supple-
niont or api)ondix to Dr. G. M. Dawson's " JJoport on tho liogion in
the Vicinity of tlic Bow and Holly Rivers," published in 1S85 in the
"Report of Prou;ress " of tho Survey for 18S2-83-84. It is mainly
based ujwn collections made by Dr. Dawson and Messrs. 1?. G. McCon-
nell, J. J}. Tyrrell and T. C, Weston in the years 1881-84, but in order
to mako it as complete a jtrosentation as possible of tlio present state of
our knowledge of the invertebrate fauna of the Laraiuio and Cretace-
ous rocks of tho Canadian Norlh-AVest, it contains also a revision of
the species from these formations obtained by Dr. Dawson in 1874 in
his capacity of Geologist to II. M. North American Boundary Cora-
mission, and identifications of a few Cretaceous fossils collected by
Prof. Macoun in 187!).

Dr. Dawson's Re])ort, in tho volume referred to, contains several
short lists of fossils, but these as there statetl " are to be regarded as
provisional only," and may be considerotl as superseded by the present
paper.

The species are enumerated or di'scribed, as tho case may bo, in a
stratigraphical and descending order corj-osponding as nearly as
possible to tho gi'ouping and nomenclature in Dr. Dawson's Report.
The only exceptions to this mode of arrangement occur in the case of
a few of tho specimens from tho Laramie basin north of tho typical
region near the Belly River. In this northern part of the basin it has
80 far been impossible to coiTolate the sub-divisions of the Laramie
with those of the Belly River and vicinity.

The writer desires to acknowledge his obligations to Dr. C. A,
White, of the Smithsonian Institute, Washington, for a direct compari-
son of a number of Canadian specimens with the types of several of his
own and of Mr. Meek's species in the museum of that institution, and
for various and valuable critical suggestions.

June, 1885. 1

ir

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CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL.KONTOLOGT.

A. FROM THE WESTERN LARAMIE.

(1.) From the Porcupine Hill Series.

No foHsils have yet been obtained from the Porcupine Hill Series-
proper, tliough it iis probable that a systematic search would result in
the discovery of fossil iferous beds. In the sandstones and shales of
Shaganappio Point, two miles west of Calgary, however, Sir William
Dawson collected a few remains of the shells of fresh water moUusca
in 1883. The deposits at this place are on the horizon of those of the
Porcupine Hill Series of the southern part of the district, though for
reasons which will be stated more at length in connection with the
St. ^[ary R. Series, the definition of the sub-ilivisions of the Laramie
has not been attempted on the northern part of the map which accom-
panies Dr. Dawson's report. The genera or species indicated at this
locality appear to be somewhat as follows, so far as they can be ascer-
tained : — Three detached valves of a Spluvrium or Leptesfhes, the largest
of which may bo conspocitic with the Spluvrium recticardiuale of Meek
& Haydcn, but the characters of the interior of all three are unknown:
fragments of a Pliysn, probably of that form of P. Copei, White, which
will be described and ligurcd in the piesent paper as the variety
Canadensis ; casts of the interior of the shell of a Goniobasis (?) ;
Viviparus Leai, 3Ieuk & Haydon ; and a single specimen of a shell
which is either an unusually large form of a new species of Fa^t'flYa
which will bi' found dtscTibod a little farther on under the name of V.
filosa, or a species of Patula.

(2.) From the Wh.low Creek Seuies.

In the clays, sandstones and indurated sands of this sub-division of
the Western Laramie, fossils appear to be scarce ami are usiuilly not
well preserved. The only localities at which any wore collected are
on the Upper Belly River seven miles above the mouth of the Old Man
River, and on the Upper Belly River near Slide Out, by Mr. R. Cr.
McConnell in ISSl. The species from the locality first mentioned
are — an apparently new species of Unio ; fragments of a small bivalve
perhaps reterabic to the ge'nus Spharium; crushed examples of a new
species oi Patula, which will be described a little farther on, under the
name P. ubtusata, from much bettor specimens collected from the "St.
Mary River Series " on the Old Man Rivo»' ; and a few badly preserved
casts of a Goniobasis, which is probably oidy a variety of the G. iemii-
4trinata of Meek and Hayden. On the Upper Bolly River near Slide

■''••.:'>ffi::jmM'SiiMi^ii^fil^lSM^'.i

Sli^iSM^sl

WHITEAVE8

■]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

Out the only fossils collected arc a few casts of a Unio which are not
sufficiently perfect to bo identified. A few fragments of Unios and
other fresh water shells were noticed ut some other localities, but no
specimens were collected.

The supposed new species of Vhio from near the mouth of the Old
Man Eiver may be tlescribed as follows :

V

Unio Albeutensis. (N. Sp.)
Plate 1, flg. 1.

Shell very inequilateral, strongly compressed at the sides and
thickest near the mid-length, so that the outline of the closed valves as
seen from above is regularly lanceolate : lateral outline transversely
subelliptical : length about twice the maximum height : height almost
exactly twice the greatest thicUness. Anterior and posterior extro.
mities both rounded at the margin, and of neaily equal breadth : an-
terior side very short : posterior side considerably elongated, about
three times as long as the anterior : ventral margin and superior bor-
der almost straight and nearly ])arallel for the greater part of their
length,— the former rounding upwards obliquely and rather abruptlv,
and the latter sloping downwards in an equally abrupt and obliquely
convex curve, at each end. Beaks very suuill and inconspicuous,
placed about half way between the centre and the anterior termination
of the valves.

Surface concentrically striated : test rather tliin : charackj.s of
the interior unknown. '

Long'th, seventy millimetres : maximum height, thirty-six mm.':
gi'eatest thickness, eighteen mm.

Upper Belly IJiYcr, Alberta, N. W. T., seven miles above the mouth
of the Old Man Rivei-, li. (i. .McConnell, 1881 : one nearly perfect
specinien with the test presei'ved on both valves and entirely free
from the matrix,

(3.)- From the St. Marv Eiver Series and lower portion
OF TitE Laramie generally.

In the southern portion of the district included in the geologically-
coloured map of the region in the vicinity of the Bow and Belly Rivers,
the Laramie, on lithological grounds, is clearly separable into three
subdivisions, as described in Dr. CI. M. Dawson's report already referred

4 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL.KONTOLOGY.

to. In the district embraced by the northern part of the map it has
been found difficult to carry out a simihir lithologifal subdivision of the
formation, iind no att(ini]tt has been made to indicate such subdivisions
on tho n\ap. Still I'urther northward, in the district from which the
greater number of tho fossils collected by Mr. J, B. Tyrrell were
obtained, it becomes quite impossible to distinguish the three subdi-
visions above rofei-red to. The mollusca from this district, however,
are for the most ])art from the lower portion of tho Laramie, and con-
sequently from a horizon neai'ly or quite equivalent to that occupied
in tho ty2)ical region by the St. Mary IJiver Series. In the present
2)apor, under the heading A. of the '• Western Laramie " and in section
3, the .species colleeteil from I he St. ^lary Eiver Series proper will be
sei)arately designated as such. The remainder are from the lower por-
tion of the Laramie in its northern extension, with the exception of
six sjiecies fi'om the same nortiiorn region, which occupy positions so
far up in the Laramie that the bods iu which they occur may possibly
represent the Willow Creek or Porcupine Hill Series. These again
■will be specially' designated, though they are included in the present
section for convenience of descri|>tion. With the exce])tion of these
last-mentioned species, the mollusca here described or enumerated in
section 3 of subdivision A may be consitlored as representing the fauna
of the lower part of the Laramie of the region.

LAMELLIBEANCHIATA.

AnOMIA I'ERSTRir.OSA. (N. "Sp.)
Plate 1, fig. 2.

i

Upper valve (assuming that the shell is an Anomia) moderately con-
vex, irregular in outline, and varying from subcircular to obliquely
subovate, sometimes slightly arcuate and curved to the left. Beaks
marginal, small, but in some specimens rather prominent.

Surface marked by radiating raised lines, a few of which, at distant
but irregular intervals, are consjjicuously broader and more prominent
than the rest. Under an oi-dinary simple lens, these radiating lines
are seen to be subnotlulous, in consequence of their passing over the
faint concentric lines of growth. Under valve and characters of the
interior of the upper unknown.

Upper Belly River, twenty-three miles above the mouth of the Water-
ton, R. G. McConnell, 1881 ; St. Mary Biver Series: throe specimens.

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•il&iSLJiiS&ii*A-i>;'/Cjvi.^>»Ai)Jlx>.'iisij

WHrTEAVES.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

The muscular impre8.>sions and hingo dentition of this shell being
unknown, it is, of course, not quite certain whether it is an Anomia or
not. Dr. C. A. White, who has seen the specimens, thinks it is a
Placunanomia, of the subgenus Monia, Gray.

OsTBEA GLABRA, Meek and Hayden.

Ostrm glahra, Meek & Hayden. 1857. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. IX., p. 146.
Ostrea Wyomhxjensis, Meek. 1873. Rep. U. S. Geol. Siirv. Terr, for 1872, p. .508.

Illustrated by Dr. C A. White on pi. 20 of Contr. to Pal.

(U.S. Geol. Su^^•., 1880), Noa. 2 to 8.
Ostrea nrcvatilio, Meek. 1873. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr, for 1872, p. 477.
Ostrea glabra, Meek. 1876. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., Rep. Inv. Cret.

and Tert. Foss. IT. iliss. Cy., p. 509, pi. 40, flfis. 2,a,b,c,d.
Ostrea hmcitri«, White. 1876. Powell's Rep. Geol. Uinta Jlts., p. 112. Illustrated

on pi. 21 of Dr. C. A. Wlute's Contr. to Pal., Nos. 2 to 8.
Oiitrea glahra, White, (as of M. & II.) 1880. U.S. Geol. Surv., Contr. to Pal., Nos.

2 to 8, p. 50.
Ostrea glabra, White, (as of M. «fc H.) 1883. Rev. Nou-JIarine Foss. Moll. N.

Am., pis. 9, 10, 11 and 12.

Bow Eiver, mouth of East AiTOW-wood Creek, G. M. Dawson, 1881 :
Upper Belly River, twenty-two and twenty-three miles above the mouth
of the Waterton, R. G. McConnell, 1881 ; St. Mary River Series. High
Eiver five miles above the forks, R. G. McConnell, 1882: Forks of
Devil's Pine and Three Hills Creeks, also Red Deer River, near
8th correction line, J. B. Tyrrell, 1884. Oyster Creek, N. W.
branch of the north fork of the Old Man River, G. M. Dawson, 1884.
This last locality is in a nearly isolated basin in the mountains,
and the horizon is not certainly that of the St. Mary River Series.

Most of the specimens from these localities belong to the variety
Wyomingensis.

A single valve of an oyster collected by Prof. Macoun from a layer
of limestone in the Hand Hills, in Township 28, Range 17, west of
the 4th Meridian, may also be refei-able to this variable species.

Ostrea subtriqonalis, Evans and Shumard.

>

Ostrea sitbtrigomUs, Meek, (as of E. & S.) 1876. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol,
IX., Rej). Inv. Cret. & Tert. Foss. U. Miss. Cy., p. 510.
pi. 40, figs, a, b, c, d.
« " White. 1883. Rev. Non-marine Fos5. Moll. N. Am., pi. 12,

figs. 2-5.

6

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALiEONTOLOQT.

Eye-Grass flat, Old Man Eivor, G. M. Dawson, 1881, and T. C.
Weston, 1883, not uncommon ; in basal beds of St. Mary Elver Series.
Upper Belly Eiver, twonty-two miles above the mouth of the Waterton,
E. G. McConnell, 1881 ; St. Mary Bivcr Series : one valve.

Perhaps a variety of the preceding species, as suggested by Dr. C.
A. AVhito.

Unio Dan.e, Meek and Ilaydon.

Unto Dan:c, Meok and Hayden. 1857. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc, Phil., vol. IX, p. 145.
" ^leek. 1876. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., Rep. Inv. Cret.
and Tort. Foss. U. Miss. C"y., p. 517, pi. 41, flfrs. 13, a, b, c.

Bow Eiver, mouth of East Arrow wood Creek (base of section), also
Bow Eiver, four and eight miles west of Blackfooc Crossing, G. M.
Dawson. 1881 ; St. Mary ]?iver Series.

Bell}' J{ivcr, west of crossing of MacLood-Benton Trail, and Little
Bow Eiver, five miles below crossing of Blackfoot Trail, E. G. Mc-
Connoll, 1881 ; St. Mary Eivor Scries.

Piiichei- Creek, T. C. AVeston, 1883 ; St. Mary Eivor Series. Knee
Hills Creek, Township 29. Eangc 22, west of 4th Principal Meridian,
J. B. Tyrrell, 1884.

In a conversation with the writer. Dr. C. A. White expressed the
opinion that the Unio Dana; U, subspatulatus -.nid U. Bcweynnus of Meok
& Hiiytlcn are all varietal forms of one species, and it is upon this
hypothesis that the fossils from the above mentioned localities are all
referred to U. Bmia: Some of these specimens from the Canadian
Iforth-west are fairly typical representatives of the U. Dance; some
an-ain are more like U, subspatulatus. while others possess characters
apparent!}- intermediate between these two varieties or nominal
species.

L .

th

Unio senectus, White.

Unio senectus, Wliite. 1877. Bull. T.S. Gonl. Surv. Terr., vol. III., p. (iOO.

" " " 1S80. U.S. Geol. Surv., Contr. to I'al., Nos. 2-8, p. 69, pi.

28, figs. 1 a, b, r.

White. 1883. Rev. Xon-JIariiie Fo.ss. Moll. N. Am., p. 20, pi. 10

figs. 1, 2.

Bow Eivei-, two miles below the mouth of Jumping Pound Eiver,
G. M. Dawson, 1881 : three imporlect but characteristic casts, two of

v^HiTEAVES.] LAHAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVEBTEURATA. >J

Avhich have been sent to the autlior of the species, who confii-ms the
•correctness of their identification.

CoRBicuLA CYTFiERiFoRMis, Mcck & Hayden.

Cyrcna {CorbiciUa f) cylherl/ormu, ^Slcek & Ilayden. 18G0. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc.
^ ,, , Phil., vol. XII., p. 176.

Corlncula ci/theriformi.% M. & II. //_,., p. 439

■VorbiciUa ci/theriformis, Meek. 187(i. ' Itep.""u.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX, &c.,
„ I'-520,pl. 40. figs.5a,b,e,d,e.

AVhite. 1880. U.8. Geol. Surv. Terr., Contr. to Pal, Xos.
„ , ^ 2-8, p. 74,pl. 21,ligs.4a,b,c,d.

White. 1883. Rev. Non-Marino Foss. Moll. N. Am. p. 31
pi. 22, lig.s. 1-C.

Rye-Gi-ass flat, Old Man Rivor, G. M. Dawson, 1881 and T. C
Weston, 1883. From the basal bods of the St. Mary R. Series.

i .

CoRHicuLA occiDENTALis, Meek & Ilaydoii.
Plate 1, figs. 3 i«c 3a.

Cyrrna occidmtalls, Meek it Ilayden. ]8o(i. Proc Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vf.l. MIL p no
' Cor'ricida occldcnlalin, Moek. ISGO. i/*., vol. XII, p. 432.
Corhkida {Vclorllina), IJannUkrl, Meek. 1873. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr, for

1872, p. 513.
Corhkula occidentalis, Meek ct Haydcn. G. M. Dawson. 1875. Rep. Geol. ct Res. of

Reg. in Vie. of 49th. Par., p. 133.
Corlncula omdmtalU, Ueek. 1870. Rei.. V. S. Cieol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX, p. 521,

pi. 40, tigs. Ga,b,c.
CorUcidtt ocddcntali^, White, (as of M. & II.) 1880. U.S. Geol. Sur. Terr. Contr. to

l"'il-^'os.2-S,p.75,pl.21, figs.3a,b,e.
Corbicida occidentalw, W lute, (as of ^L & H.) 1883. Rev. Non-Marine, Foss. :Holl.

N. Am., p. 31, pi. 17, figs. 0, 7 ct pi. 23 figs. 1-0.

St. ^lary Rivor, two miles north of the 49th Parallel,— and four
miles west of tiio St. Mary River; G. M. Dawson, 1874, H. M. North
American Boundary Commission; St. Mary R. Scries.

Bow River, moutli of East Arrow-wood Creek, (top of section)
G.M.Dawson, 1881; Rye-Grass flat, Old Man Rivor, G. M. Dawson
1881 and T. C. Weston, 1883, very abundant. Ail St. Mary R. Series.

Upper Belly River, twonty-iwo and twenty-thrco miles above the
mouth of the Waterton, R.G. MoConnoll, 1881; at both places probably
ii-ora the St. Mary R. Series, but in a disturbed region.

8

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL/EONTOLOOY.

Oyster Croek, N. "W. brancli of the north fork of the Okl i^Ian River ;.
G. M. Dawson, 1884. See note to same place under Ostrea ijlahra.
Red Deer River, near the 8th correction line, — and forks of the Devil's
Pino and Three Hills Creeks ; J. B. Tyrrell, 1884.

The specimens from these localities, which are somewhat variable
in shape, appear to bo nearly intermediate in their characters between
C. occidcntalis and C. c/jtkeriformis, and it is doubtful to which of those
species they should be referred. According to Meek, the shell of G.
occidentalis is " subtrigonal in form, with height and length about equal,"
whereas that of C. cytheriformis is said to be " transversely ovate sub-
trigonal, or varying to sub-cii'cular, but always a little longer than high."
In the Canadian specimens, some of which are very perfect and mea-
sure fu'ly one inch and three quarters in their two lateral diameters,
the outline is distinctly subtrigonal and the height and length aro
either equal or else the height slightly exceeds the length. As com-
pared also with the published figures of the two species, the specimens
from the Canadian Xorth-Wcst are much more like those of C. occiden-
talis than those of C. cytheriformis.

t

COHBICULA OBLIQUA. (N. Sp.)
Plato 1, flgs. 4, 4 a and 4 b.

Shell compressed convex, the thickness through the closed valves
being about one-third less than tho maximum height inclusive of tho
beaks : obliquely sub-ovate, usually a little longer than high and very
inequilateral. Anterior side extremely short, its margin either 'slightly
concave or vertically truncated under the beaks above, and rounding
abruptly or declining rapidly and convoxly into tho ventral margin
below : posterior side moderately elongated, obtusely pointed at the
base, its upper margin forming one continuous, obliquely convex curve
which extends from the beaks to tho base ; ventral margin semi-
ovate. Soaks small, anterior and nearly or quite terminal, almost
erect, their extreme apices only being curved inwards, forwards and a
little downwards.

Sm'face concentrically striated : characters of the interior unknown.

Length of the most perfect sjiocimen collected, twenty-six milli-
metres : maximum height of tho same, twenty-two mm. : thickness
through the closed valves, fifteen mm.

Rye-Grass flat. Old Man River, (one perfect specimen, with the
test preserved on both valves') and Bow River, eight miles west of
Blackfoot Crossing, (a well preserved cast of a left valve), G. M.

f

WH(TEAVIS.]

1

fl

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

»

Dawson, 1881. Upper Bolly Eivor, twenty-two miles above the moutli
of the Watorton, (two left valves), and Little Bow River, opposite the
mouth of Snake Valley, (one right valve with the test preserved),
R. G. McConnell, 1881. All from the St. Mary R. Series.

The lateral compression of the valves and their extreme obliquity,
coui)led with the small size and nearly terminal position of the beaks'
seem to afford a ready means of distinguishing this shell from the
Corbicula occidcntatis of Meek and Ilayden.

Spii/Erium recticardinale. Meek and Hayden.

Sphn'rium rectimnlinak, :\reek and Hayden. 18G0. Proc. Ac. Nat. St-., Phil., vol.

VIII, p. 176.
Sphvnum rcclicardinah; Meek. 1876. Rep. U. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX, p. 527,

pi., 43, tigs. 3, a, b.

Old Man River, two miles above Rye-Grass flat, G. M. Dawson, 1881 ;
St. Mary River Series : one nearly perfect specimen and seven single
valves.

i

(CoRBiLA perundata, Meek and Ilaydon.

Corlmla perundata, Meek and Ilayden. 1856. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol.

VIII., p. 116.
Corbula perundata, Meek. 1876. Kep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 530, pi.

40, figs. 4, a, b, c, d.

South or First Branch of the Milk River, N. W. T., G. M. Dawson,
1874, H. M. American Boundary Commission : a few single valves
from a loose piece of concretionary limestone.* According to Dr. C.
A. White, C. perundata is only a variety of C. subtrujonalls,M. and H.)

CoRBlLA PERANQULATA. (N. Sp.)

Plate 1, figs, o, 5 n and 5 b, and plate 2, fig. 1.

Shell compressed laterally, moderately convex, thickest a little in
front of the middle and narrowing regularly as well as gradually to
the posterior end but very abruptly so to the anterioi-, so that the
outline of the closed valves as seen from above is ovately lanceolate.

♦ These iiro the specimens referred to on pnge 37 C and in a foot nntn to niurn 19W P nf n,
Dawsou-sKoport on the Bow and belly River country published in 188 '^^ ^ '*

10

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALiKONTOLOQY.

Anterior side very short, obliquely and convexly subtnincated at its
extremity above and in the middle, but obtusely sub-angular below at
its Junction with the ventral margin : posterior side elongated and pro-
duced into a long and narrow pointed beak, which is either straight or
curved slightly upwards and whose upper margin is strongly angulatod.
Ventral margin ::omi-ovate, very moderately convex, curving up-
wards somewhat more rapidly at the anterior than at the posterior end,
but very gently at both, the posterior half being often nearly straight
or even faintly concave : superior border descending abruptly and
obliquely in front of the beaks and confluent with the margin of the
anterior end in one unbroken line which descends obliquely from the
beaks to the base, — descending gradually behind the beaks in either a
straight line or with a shallowly concave curve to the upper termina-
tion of the posterior side : beaks olili(iuoly flattened on all sides, placed
in advance of the middle, that of the right valve curved inwards and
downwards, that of the left erect but somewhat incurved and with a
slight forward inclination. Posterior area large and very distinctly
defined, flattened at a right angle to the valves and in some cases
shallowl}'^ excavated, broadly lanceolate in outline as viewed from
above, and bordered by the strong keel which also forms the upper
margin of the beaked posterior extremity of each valve.

Surface marked with a few coarse and rather distant but irregularly
disposed lines of growth, with much finer and close set concentric
striic between them. Test rather thick : hinge teeth as in Corbula
jiroper, muscular impressions unknown.

Dimensions of a full sized and perfect sjiecimen : length, forty
millimetres: maximum height, twenty-five millimetres: thickness
through the closed valves, nineteen millimetres. The maximum
thickness of another .specimen of the same length and height is only
sixteen millimetres.

In young individuals the anterior end of the shell is regularly
rounded, and the posterior area is not so much flattened down as it is
in the young shell. The beaked posterior side is usually pointed at its
extremity, but in some specimens there is a distinct truncation at its
extreme tip.

Eye-Cirass flat. Old Man Kiver, G. M. Dawson, 1881 and T.C. "Weston,
1883, extremely abundant. Upper Belly Eiver, twenty-three miles
above the mouth of the Waterton, and Scabby Butte, seven miles
north of the confluence of the Belly and Old Man Eivors ; E. G.
McConnell, 1881. All from the St. Mary E. Series.

A very distinct species, apparently belonging to the same section of
the genus as the Corbula j>yri/ormis of Meek. Specimens of the latter
shell from the Boar Eiver Laramie of S. W. Wyoming, kindly for-

i

i .

WHITiAVK.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

11

wai-dod by l»r. C. A. White for comparison, are dietinctly pyriform in
outline as viewed from above, the closed valves being very vcniricose
anteriorly, — the beaks of both valves are gibbous and curved strongly
inwaiils, while the posterior area, though tolerably well defined is small
and narrow. In C. perangulata, on the other hand, the outline as
viewed from above is ovately lanceolate, both beaks are obliquely flat-
tened and the posterior area is large and broad. The external aspect
of C. pyrifomxis, as Mi-. Meek has jtointod out, is like that of u Ncnra,
whereas the outside of the present species has moi'e the look of a Leda.
Dr. Dawson states that the beds characterized by a groat abund-
ance of this species, together with Ostrea glahra, var. Wyomingcnsis and
Corhicula occidentalis (oi- C. cythrrifonnis) occur at the voiy base of the
Laramie, and that these dej)0sit8 may even bo regarded as forming a
passage between that formation and the summit of the marine Cre-
taceous. These beds are most characteristically developed in ])ai'ts of
the south western portion of the disti-ict embraced by the geological
map before rcfeiTod to, where they frequently occur in the disturbed
strata of the foot-hill region. They have been recognized as far north
as a few miles west of Blackfoot Crossing on the Bow lliver.

Panop-ea simul.vtrix. (N. S]).)
Plate 2, figs. 2 and 2a.

Shell slightly inequivalvc, the umbo of the right valve being a little
larger and more tumid than that of the left : valves compressed at the
sides, thickest on the anterior umbonal slopes anl narrowing very
gradually to tlio posterior end but more i-apidly to the anterior : pos-
terior termination ga))ing : lateral outline elliptic ovate, the length being
full}- twice the maximum height inclusive of the beaks, and the pos-
terior side a little longer, narrower and more pointed than the anterior.
TJmbones broad, obtuse and depressed : beaks small, subcentral but
placed a little in advance of the middle, that of the right valve curved
inwards and downwards with a slight inclination forwards, that of the
left valve curved inwards and a little forwards but not downwards :
ligament apjjarently short and external.

Surface concentrically striated : inner layer of the test not nacreous :
hinge teeth and muscular impressions unknown.

Length of the most perfect examide collected, (the one figured)
fity-two millimetres: greatest height of the same, twenty-tivo mm. :
thickness of the same, sixteen and a half.

The specimen from which the above description was made and which

12

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PATi>EONTOLOOT.

is thot'ofoi'o intended as the typo of the species, was collected by Mi*.
J. B. Tyrroll in 1884 from the south bank of Knee Hills Creek, in
Township 29, Range 2-2, west of the 4tli ^[eridian.

Ton imperfect and badly proservetl casts of shells which are probably
roforable to this Hpocies, were colloctetl by Dr. G. ^I. Dawson in 1881, five
at Ryo-Cirass Hat on the Old Man River, and five at the mouth of East
Arrow-wood Creek, on the Bow River ; all from the St. Mary Rivor
Series. Mr. R. G. McConnell collected a similar cast on the Belly River,
twenty-throe miles above the mouth of the Watorton, in 1881. Some of
the 8j»ecimens collected by Dr. Dawson and Mr. McConnell, are broader
in front and shorter than the typo, and in others the beaks are placed
much further forwanls.

In referring those shells to the genus Panopd'a rather than to Ano-
donta or Unio the ^vl•iter has boon influenced by the following considera^
tions : first, that the valves gape ft the posterior end; secondly, that
they are slightly incquivalve, and lastly, that the inner layer of the
test is not nacreous. The specific name is suggested by the close
resemblance that the most perfect specimen presents to a narrow form
of Mya arenaria.

j» ?■

Panop.ea curta. (N. Sp.)
Plate 2, fig. 3.

Shell compressed laterally, about one-fourth longer than high, and
nearly equilateral ; posterior end gaping. Anterior side broad and
about as long as the posterior, narrowing obliquely and convexly
both above and below, anil obtusely subangular or somewhat pointed
ft little below the middle; poisterior side also broad, truncated almost
vertically at its extremity in the right valve, but somewhat more
rounded in the left. Ventral margin broadly and regularly rounded,
most prominent in the middle ; superior bonier descending rapidly
and obliquely in front of the beaks, at first nearly straight and hori-
zontal behind them, but ultimately forming an abruptly rounded
junction with the outer margin of the posterior end above ; beak of
the right valve very nearly central, broad and moderately pro-
minent, incurved, with a slight inclination forward; beak of the lett
valve a little smaller and more depressed.

Surface marked with rathor coarse and irregularly disposed concen-
tric stria^ or lines of growth. Hinge teeth and muscular impressions
unknown.

Length of the most perfect specimen known, forty-eight millimetres j

WHITIAVK.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOIS INVERTEBRATA.

18

nitixinmm hoij^lit of tho Mumo, thirty seven ; exact tliicltnosH not iiscor-
tuinalilo.

Forks ol'Devil's Pine and Tiireo Hills Crooks, J. B. Tyrrell, LS8t:
two 8|to(inions.

Pei'liups only a liroad and short variety of tho precodinj; 8]tec'ios.
From (he same locality .Mr, Tyrrell colleetod seven spocimons of a
sliell which may possihly represent a form intermediate between tliis
and P. simulatrij; but they are ho imperfect and bailly preserved that
it is impossible to state to what jjonus they should be referred.

GASTEROPODA.

LiMN/KA TENUicoHTATA, Meek and IIa3-den.

Limnmi knuicosUtla, Meek and ilayJen. lcS,")(i. Prof. Ac. Nat. Sc. I'hil,, p. lltt.
Limiutu {Acilla) tenuicogtafa, M. and H. l.S(JO. lb., p. 4;>1.

Limnoa {I'lnirolimnna) taiuicostala, Meek. l.STCi. Kep. I'.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol.

IX,, p. 534, pi. 44, ligs. 13, a, b, c.

Mouth of the Blind Man Hivor, Township 30, Range 27, west of 4th
Principal Meridian ; .1. B. Tyrrell, 1884; several characteristic but not
very perfect specimens.

Mr. Tyrrell states that the fossils from this locality are
from beds which are probably higher in the Laramie than those
from which most of the other species here described undoi-the heading
A 3 were collected, but the precise relationship of those beds with, the
subdivisions adopted in tho more southerly portion of tho district has
not yet been determined.

AcELLA. (Species undeterminable.)

A few fragments of an Acella were collected by Dr.G. M. Dawson in
IST-i and 1881 from the North or Second Branch of the Milk River, in
the St. Mary R. Series.

Dr. 0. A. White, to whom these specimens were sent, regai-ds them
as distinct from his A. Haldemani, but they are too imperfect to admit
of an accurate description of their characters.
June, 1835.

14 CONTniBUTIONS TO CANADIAN I'AL.KONTOLOaY.

I'llYMA COI'EI, Wllito.
riutu 1.', i\gn. 4 and 4a.

fhyxa Copii, White, 1H77. Bui. l'.&. Geol. Surv. 'JVrr., vol. III., p. ti02.

" " ISSO. I'. S. (tool. Surv Terr., Contr. to Pill., No8. 2-8, 1). 85,

|)l. 24, ti)j;8. 4a and h.
•• " 1S8;(. Uov. Non-Murino Foss. Moll., X. Am., i»p. 43, 44, pi.

25, 11(^8. 1 and 2.

Bow River, eight niilos wosi of Bhickfoot Crossing ; frooHobony Cnfion,
St. Miiry IJivor, iiiid 8t. .Mary Kivtr. thruo miloH nortii of tiio 49th
Piirallel. G. M. Dawson, 1H81. l'in<hor Crook, cro.swiny of Mill Crook
and Fort MacLeod Trail, G. M. Dawson and If. G. McCorinell, 1881, and
T. C, Weston, 18S:i All from tlio St. :.[ary 11. scries.

lliuli llivei'. ono mile lielow the Forks, 1{. G. MeConnoll, 1882.

Mouth of lUind .^[an River. .(. B. Tyrrell, 1884; from the samo goo-
logioal horizon and from the same licds as Limmia tciuticostata.

A t'vw specimens of a large Phijsa wore collected at the ahovo-
nientionc<l localities, which seem to correspond very well with Dr.
White's descrijitions and tiguros of P. Copd, especially in tho ch uactcr
"spire short, less than one-third tho entire length," and in the fuct that
the '■ diameter of tho I lody volution is almost eiiual to ono half tho entire
length of the shell. Tho numher of volutions in P. Copei is indeed
stated to he ahoiit four, but Di'. White's figures show that the apo.K as
well as tke outer li[» of the type of that species are very imperfect.
In unbroken C.uuulian specimens of the shell now under consideration
the numberof volutions is six or seven, but tho throo apical whorls aro
exceotlingly slender and fragile, and conseiiuently nni^- have been
broken off in I>r. White's specimens, as the}' most fro(iuontly are in
those from tho Mow and Belly River district. Seven of tho most per-
fect specimens from Pinciier Creek and one example from (Joosoberry
Caiion were sent to Dr. White for examination, who reports upon thorn
as follows, in a letter to tho writer: "Those all seem to belong to
P. Copei. I think that if they had reached tho size of my ty{)0 spoci-
niens the last whorl would have boon proportionately larger fhan your
specimens prosont. "

;i

't

PuYsA Coi'Ei, var. Canakbnsis. (Var. Nov.)
Plato 2, lig.s. 5, 5 b and 5 a.

Shell largo, attaining to a length of fully two inches, narrowly sub-
ovate or ovately subfusiform in outline : length ratkor more than twice

.

i

<ITI*VI1.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

15

"

b-

co

the innximnm hroadtli : outorwliorl.as moasurod cIoho to tlio apcrtiiro.
u liltK- loii^'or tliaii tlie Hpiro. Volutions six or sovon, the first tliroo or
four slcmifr atul increaMin^ slowly in si/.o, tlie two next, ospocially tlio
Infit but oiu>, in reusing raitidiy both in length and broailth, each boing
ol)li(lu( ly ami very gently convex: siitiiro well detinod but not very
deoply imprc -od : outer whorl moderately convex, about one-third
loii rr than broad, and l)roadost » little above the middle. Aperture
rather more than one half the entire length of the shell, a little
more than twice as long as wide, narrowly subovato or semiovnte,
contracted and acutely angular above, broader and usually more
rounded but in some »pocimons bluntly pointed i)elow: outer lip thin
and simple: columella bearing a narrow, prominent and oblique fold
near its Imse, the fold in some speciniens being bordered below with a
rather deep gi-oovo : columellar callus broad and closely adherent,
except at its extreme base, where it is slightly separated from the main
body of the shell in such a way as to form a minute and narrow kind
of umbilical chiidc or perforation.

Surtiiee nearly smooth, marked only with the faint and somewhat
distant lines of growth common to most species of this genus.

Length of a largo ami nearly perfect specimen, fifty-three milli-
metres: maximum breadth of the f<ime, twenty-two mm.; length of
bodj' whorl, as measureel close to the outer lip, thirty mm. \n a slightly
smaller specimen which shows the characlers of the apertmo bettor,
the length of the aperture is twenty-live mm. and its maximum wiilth
only ten.

Pinchor Creek, crossing of Mill Creek and Fort ^rucLood Trail, very
abundant, CJ. ^L Dawson and I?. G. McCoinieil, 1881, and T. ('.Weston,
1883. Gooseberry Canon, St. Maiy River, frcipiont, Cr. M. Dawson,
1881 : Second or North Branch of the Milk IJiver, G. M. Dawson, 1881.
All from the St. Mary R. Series.

During the past four years upwards of two hundred specimens of
ono or moro species of FItysa, whose relations to forms already
described are extremely puzzling, have been collected by otticers of the
Survey in the Laramie formation of the Canadian Northwest. Out of
these specimens it is possible to select a few which have a largo and
long body whorl, and a very short acutely acuminate spire, and these
caimotat present be distinguished from the Physa Copei of Wliite.

By far the larger number, however, whoso characters arc more min-
utely describotl above, have a much longer spire, though it apparently
never quite eiiuals the outer whorl in length. Such specimens seem to
bo very nearly related to the Halmis disjuiictits of White, and have been
doubtfiklly referred to that species in Dr. Dawson's report, though in
B. di^unctus the length of the spire is said to bo " a little more than

16

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAI-.EONTOLOaV.

half that of tho whole shell." Tlurty of the best ispocimens of this
peculiar form, from Pinchci- Cfcek and Gooseberry Cailoii, have been
oxaininod by Dr. White, who writes that he '' cannot satisfactorily
identify them with B. disjunctus nor with any other published species."

Still, those com]»ara1ivoly long-spired forms, and those with a short
spire which have already boon identitiod with P. Copci are connected
by so many intermediate gradations that the writer is convinced that
they cannot bo separated spocitically, and that tho former can onl^' be
regarded as a well-marked but not very constant variety of tho latter.
The whole of the Physas that have so far been coUectal from the
Canadian Laramio appear to tho writer to belong to one variable
species. If tho identification of any of them with P. Copei bo correct,
the wiiolo must be considore 1 as varieties of that spocios, and if incorrect
the whole of the s))o('imons horo described and figured may be
designated simply as P. Canadensis. By whatever name they may bo
called, their extronio variability suggests the idea that BuUnus disjunc-
tus and B. atacus of AVhilo may also prove to bo varietal forms of
P. Copei.

A unusually narrow form of tho variety Canadensis occurs at Pincher
Creek, in which the whorls are so much flattened laterally that the
maximum bi-oadth of the shell is considerably less than half its entire
length. .Such s)pecimens as those, one of which is ro[)rescnted by figure
Sa of Plate 2, approach very nearly in shai)e to B. atacus, and it is
worthy of note that at Pincher Crook they occur associated with
undoubted examjiles of Viviparus pntdentius, White, as B. atavus does
in tho valley of Crow Crook in Northern Colorado,

Judging by tho figure in Pictefs '' Traito do Paloantologie," and by
that in Zittel's "Handbuch dor Paleontologie,'' P. Copci, var Canadensis
seems to bo rather nearly related to tho Physa nobilis of ^Lichaud, from
the French Lower Eocene, but the original description and figures of
that species are unfortunately not accessible to the ])resent writer.

Dr. Paul Fischer* restricts the use of the name BuUnus, Adanson, to
a group of shells with very convex whorls and an obtuse apex, and re-
moves that genus from the family Physidnj on account of its dittcrent
odontophoro. It is in accordance with this view and in spite of its
close resemblance to B. disjunctus that the present shell is regarded as a
Physa rather than a BuUnus.

'/

' ■>!

* Mauuel dc Conchyliologio. Vol. I. p. 50it. Paris, 1881.

■<WHITeAVE».]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA,

17

»

ACROLOXUS RADIATULC8. (N. Sp.)

Plate 3, figs. 1 <& la.

Shell depressed conical, very slightly elevated, the height being
about one-fourth the maximum breadth : apex eccentric, inclined dis-
tinctly to the left and j)laced about half way between the centre and
the posterior end : base, or margin of aperture, ovate in outline, not
quite one-third longer than broad, rounded in front and somewhat
pointed behind.

Surface marked by minute concentric lines of growth, which are
crossed by numerous, closely disposed and almost cquallj' minute
radiating raised lines, both of which are too small to be seen without
the use of a lens.

Length of the only specimen collected, five millimetres and a half:
maximum breadth, four mm. : approximate height, from apex to base,
about one mm.

Mouth of Blind Man River, Township 39, Range 27, west of 4th
Principal Meridian, J. B. Tyrrell, 1884. From the same geological
horizon and from the same beds as Limnwa tenuicostata.

AcROLOxus MiNUTUs, Meek and Ilayden.

Velletia minula, Meek and Hayden. 1856. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., p. 120.

Ancylw {Acroloxus) m'nmtus, M. & K. 1800. lb., p. 432.

Aeroloxua minulus, Meek. 1876. Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 543

pi. 44, fig. 10. Illustrated also in Dr. White's Rev.

Non-Marine Foss. Moll. N. Am., pi. 24, fig. 27.

its
a

North or Second Branch of the Milk River, G. M. Dawson, 1874,
H. M. North American Boundary Commission. Gooseberry Caiion, St.
Mary River, and Old Man River, two miles above Rye-Grass flat,
G. M. Dawson, 1881. Pincher Creek, T. C. Weston, If 8,3. One or two
specimens from each locality. All from the St. Mary R. Series.

The identification of these little shells with the species named above
is not altogether satisfactory, first, on account of the vagueness of Mr.
Meek's definition of the characters of A. minutus, and secondly, because
of his statement that the specimens from the ui)per Missouri country,
decribed under that [name '" may possibly belong to more than one
species." Some of them may perhaps be referable to A. radiatulus.

July, 1885. 2

18

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALiBONTOLOOT.

i \

PaTULA ANOl'LIFERA. (X. Sp.)
riate 2, ti«s. 0, 6 a, and 6 b.

Shell sublenticular, deeply umbilicated, periphery thin, angular and
rather distinctly keeled : upper side very gently convex or very obtusely
conical, nearly flat, the spire being raised only a little above the outer
whorl. Volutions four, the first and second i-ounded above, the third
and fourth flattened somewhat obliquely ; lower side rather more con-
vex than the upper, narrowing obliquely and somewhat convexly to the
umbilical margin : umbilicus about one-third of the entire diameter of
the base, deep, conical and obtusely subangular at its margin. Aper-
ture trapezoidal, widest at a right angle to the axis of the shell, the
columellar side being nearly parallel with the lower half of the outer
lip, which latter is thin and simple.

Surface marked with minute and closely arranged striffi, which cross
the whorls transversely, and which are arched forwards on the upper
surface.

Maximum breadth of the only specimen collected, sixteen millime-
tres : height or depth of the same, as measured from the apex to
the umbilical margin, eight mm.

Pinchcr Creek, T. C. Weston, 1883; St, Mary E. Series: a nearly
perfect and tolerably woll-preserved specimen.

This angulated and keeled shell seems to bear somewhat the same
relations to the ordinary species with a I'oundcd 2"ieri])liery that the
recent Patnla Cumberlandlana of Lea does to P. alternafa.

• 0

Patila obtusata. (X. Sp.)
riatc 2, figs. 7, 7a and 7b.

Shell depressed, subdiscoidal, very moderately convex both above and
below, the lioight being less than one half the greatest breadth : spire
obtuse, nearly flat and raise;! but little above the highest level of the
outer whorl. Volutions four to Ave, rounded, slender, and rather closely
embracing, so that the njiper surfaces onl}' of those of the sjiire are
exposed to view, except ])erhaps in the umbilical cavity : suture distinct
but not very deep : outer whorl narrowly rounded at the periphery,
moderately convex and reti-euting obliquely to the umbilical margin
below: umbilicus about one-third the diameter of the base, deep and
with steeji sides, but with a rounded margin. Aperture (as seen in the
few specimens collected, Avhicli may not be adult shells) apparently

f

WHITtAVES.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

19

almost circular but shallowly omarginate on the columellar side by
the encroachment of part of the last whorl but one ; outer lip thin and
simple.

Surface marked with fine transverse striations.

Greatest breadth of the largest specimen collected, thirteen millime-
tres : height of the same, five mm. ; width of umbilicus of do., about
four mm. and a half.

Old Man Eiver, twelve miles below Jtf^ort MacLeod (two large
specimens) and two miles above Rye-Grass flat, (five smaller ones) all
collected by G. M. Dawson, in 1881, from the St. Mary R. Series.
As already remarked on i^age 2, two specimens of this species were
collected by E. G. McConnell in 1881, from the " Willow Creek Series "
on the Belly Eiver, seven miles above the mouth of the Old Man E.

There are so many points of resemblance between this species and the
next that it is perhaps doubtful whether the shells described above are
correctly referred to the genus Patula. They may be immature indi-
viduals of a new species of Anchistoma. In Dr. G. M. Dawson's report
on the geology of the Bow and Belly River district, they are indicated
under the name Selenites, by the present writer, on account of their
supposed resemblance to the recent Sdenitcs concavus, which is the
Helix concava of Say.

Anchistoma PARvri.uji. (N. Sp.)
Plate 3, tigs. 2, 2a et 2b.

t

t

Shell very small, subdiscoidal, nearly flat above and rather strongly
convex below : volutions six, very slender, narrow and coiled on nearly
the same plane, increasing very slowly in size and so closely embra-
cing that the upper surfaces only of those of the spire are visible : first,
second and third volutions about as much elevated as the outer whorl,
the foui'th a' d jiart of the fifth sunk to a slightly lower level : suture
narrow, not very distinct: outer whorl flattened above and subangular
at the periphery : umbilicus small but deep, about one-third or a little
less than one-third of the entire basal diameter. Aperture exceedingly
narrow and contracted, its outer margin, as viewed laterally, produced
above into a small and narrowly i-ounded lobe next to the suture, and
obliquely truncated below the middle, with an oblique constriction or
narrow groove immediately behind the truncated portion. Characters
of the interior of the ajierture unknown.

Surface apparently almost smooth, but the surface markings are not
well preserved.

I

20

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALEONTOLOGY.

'/

Maximum bi-eadth, four milliraotres : height or depth, about two.

Old Man Eiver, two miles above Rye-Grass flat, G. M. Dawson,
1881 ; St. Mary Eiver Series.

The only specimen collected is a well preserved cast of the interior,
with nearly all the test preservetl except that which originally formed
the outer margin of the aperture. In the cast this margin apjiears to
be unbroken, but still it is possible that the specimen may not represent
a fully adult shell. The species is referred to Klein's genus Anchistoma
in the sense in which Stoliezka and Fischer use the word, also on account
of its apparent generic affinities with the three species of Anchistoma
described by Stoliezka in the " Cretaceous Gastropoda of Southern
India," though it may be a small Pohjgyra. The upper portion of the
ajierture of the A. Arrialoorctise of Stoliezka seems to be singularly like
that of the present species.

TuAUMASTL'S LiMN/EiFORMis, Meek and Hayden.
Plate 3, fig. 3.

Bidinnts Ummvlformh, Meek and Hayden. 1856. Proc. Ac. Nat Sc. Phil., voL

YIIL, p. 118.
BiiUmus Ncbrasccnsig, Meek and Haj'den. lb.
Thaimiastus limnteiformis, Jleek. 1876. Kep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p.

553, pi. 44, figs. 8, a, b, c, d.

Rosebud River, Township 21, Range 25, west of 4th Principal Meri-
dian, one i^erfect and exquisitely preserved specimen, also. Three Hills
Creek, Townshij) 30, Range 23, west of 4th Meridian, a few examples
associated with Campeloma producta "White ; at both localities collected
by Mr. J. B. Tyi-rell in 1884.

The dimensions of the specimen from the Rosebud River, which is
of average size, are as follows: length, twenty-four millimetres: maxi-
mum breadth, nine mm. : length of last whorl, as measured near the
apertm'e, twelve mm.

Although the specimens collected by Mr. Tyrrell are nearly twice
the size of Meek's types and have a slightly more produced spire, they
agree so closelj^in every other respect with the description and figures
of T. limmviformis that they are believed to be only a large local variety
of that species.

1

t

1

i

■- I

WHiTEAves.] LAKAMIE AND CRETACEOtlS INVERTEBRATA.

Melania Wyomingensis, ;Meek.

21

Melama [Gonloham?) Wnomimjenm Ue&k. 1873. Rep. U. S. Geol Surv for

1872, p. 516.
Mdmua larnnda, Wliite, 1870. Powell's Eep. Geol. Uinta Mts., p. 131,
Melania W>jombig,mls, (Meek) White. 1880. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., Contr. to

Pal., Nos. 2-8, p. 05, pi. 28, fifr.s.' (ja and b.

Fitrurodalso on Pi. 20, figs. 1, 2 and 3 of Dr.

White's Rev. Non-Marine Foss. N. A.

Upper Bolly Eiver, twenty-two and twenty-three miles above the
mouth of the Waterton, E. G. JlcCon.iell, 1881: two chamcteristic
specimens and two fragments. This species comes from the basal
beds of the Laramie referred to in connection with the description of
Vorbula pcramju lata. •

Goniobasis Xebrascensis, Meek and Hayden.
Plato 3, ligs. 4 and 4a.

Mdunia Nebmxccnsh, :Mook^aud Hayden. lSo(i. Proo. Ac. Nat. Sc, Phil., vol.
Gonhlmh Xcbm^crncix, M. and H. (White). 1S75. Rop. Geojrr. au.l Geol. Surv.

n .,■ , ■ yj, ■ ^^'" "*" ^°^*'' '^^'''■•' '^^"sliington. p. 213, i.l. 12, figs. Da, l>, c.

Gomoha... Neirasce„.l.,Ueel^ im. Hep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr. toI. IX. p

o()o, pl. 43, figs. 12, a-h. ' '■

Gomohams Nehru >>ccnsi8, M au.l II. (White). 1883. Rev. Non Marine Moll X

Am., p. 57, pl. 20, figs. 15 and 10.

Shell elonirated, narrowly subovatc, length a little more than twice
the maximum breadth, spii-e about one-half the entire length, base
imperforate. Volutions six or seven, those of the spire obli.iuely ami
very moderately convex or somov.hat compressed laterally; suture not
very distinct; outer whorl rather strongly convex in the middle
narrowing rapidly and un-^qually below. Aperture subovate, broader
than long, angular above and narrowly rounded below ; outer lip thin
simple, and with a shallow sinus above the middle. '

Surface presenting a silky appeai-ance to the naked eye, but, when
examined with a lens, the sculpture is seei: to consist of a minute and
regular decussation caused by very minute and densely arranged trans-
verse strife, which are crossed by equally crowded and minute revolv-
ing lines.

Length ofone of the most perfect specimens, twenty millimetres-
maximum breadth of the same, eight millimetres; length of the outer
volution, ten.

I t

;i

22 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALiEONTOLOOY.

North or Second Branch of the Milk River (" nodular layer"), G-.
M. Dawson, 1874, H. M. North American Boundary Commission. Old
Man Eiver, two miles above Rye-Grass flat, and St. Mary River,
three miles north of the 49th Parallel, Gr. M. Dawson, 1881. All from
the St. Mary R. Series.

As the few Canadian specimens that have yet been collected seem to
represent a rather peculiar variety of the species, an original descrip-
tion and a figure of one of the best preserved and most perfect speci-
mens collectetl by Dr. Dawson is here given.

GoNiOBASis TENUICAEINATA, Meek and Hayden.
Plate 3, figs. 5 and 5u.

Melania temiicarinata, Meek and Hayden. 1857. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil, vol. IX,

p. 137.
Goniobasis tmuicarinata, Meek. 1876- Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 566,

pi. 43, tigs. 14, a, b, c

Bow River, two miles below the mouth of Jumping Pound River, G.
M. Duwson, 1881 ; a few beautifully 2)reserved specimens.

Goniobasis texuicarinata, Meek and Ilayden, Var.
Plate 3, figs. 6 and 6a.

Shell turretcd, moderately elongated, the length being rather more
than twice the maximum breadth ; spire somewhat longer than the
outer volution ; base either imperforate or possibly with a very narrow
fissure in place of the unibilicus. Volutions seven, the first, second,
and third slender but rather ventricose, the three succeeding onos
angulated and bearing a distinct narrow and prominent keel a litde
above the middle, their sides obliquely flattened above the keel and
moderately convex or compressed in a direction nearly parallel tj the
axis below it ; suture distinct. Outer whorl angulated and carinated
considerably below the centre, strongly convex just below the keel, and
narrowing gradually to the base. Aperture broadly subovate, pointed
above and narrowly rounded below.

Sculpture consisting of numerous and very closely arranged minute
revolving lines, which are too small to be visible to the naked eye, in
addition to the si)iral keel.

Length, twenty-one miflimetres ; maximum breadth, nine milli-
metres; length of outer volution, ten.

«;

■•! .

MTHITCAVfi.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

Two miles above Rye-GraH« flat and twelve miles below Fort
MacLeod on the Old Man River ; also Gooseberry Cafion on the St.
Mary River; G. M. Dawson, 1881. Pincher Creek, T. C. Weston,
1883. All from the St. Mary R. Series.

The specimens from the Bow River, which are here regarded as pro-
(^ bably representing the most typical form of G. tenuicarinata, have con-

vex and scarcely angulated whorls, the later ones of the spire being
encircled with three or four rather distant, spiral raised lines, and the
outer whorl by six or seven. Under a lens also, the surface of the
volutions in this forni is seen to be marked by crowded and minute
transverse raised lines, at i-ight angles to the spiral ones.

The shells from the localities indicated above seem to form a well-
marked variety of G. tenuicarinata, which differs from the Bow River
and more typical form in having the whorls always rather distinctly
Angulated above the middle, in the fact that the spiral raised lines are
obsolete except the single raised line or minute keel upon the angle,
and in the minute sculpture, which consists of exceedingly fine revolv-
ing impressed lines, instead of transverse raised stria>.

< K

Hydrobia.

A number of minute and slender fossil shells which appear to belong
■either to this or to some closely allied genus, were collected by G. M.
Dawson at the North or Second Branch of the Milk River in 1874 and
1881; on the Old Man River, two miles above Rye-Grass flat, in 1881;
and by Mr. T. C. Weston at Pincher Creek, in 1883; from the St. Mary
R. Series. They rarely exceed three millimetres in length, and
most of them are mere casts of the interior of the shell, though in some
specimens the whole or part of the inner layer of the test is preserved.
Some of them are considerably elongated and narrow in proportion to
ti^eir length, and such specimens appear to be rather nearly related to
ths Hydrobia recta of White, though they are not quite so slender.
Ochers again are comparatively shorter and more conical, and those
ai-e difficult to separate from the H. Utahrnais of White and similar
forms, but the whole of the specimens are ttio imperfectly preserved to
be satisfactorily determined, and it is doubtful even how many species
they represent.

ni

24

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL/KONTOLOOY.

>'"

Campeloma peoducta, AVhRe.

Campeloma {Liophix .') productn, Wliito. lSft3. Rev. Non-Marino Foss. Moll. N.

Am., i).t):i,pl. 20, figs. 21-27.

Throe Hills Creole, Townsiiip 30, Eango 23, west of 4th Principal
Meridian; .1.15. Tyrrell, 18S4: al.iinilant.

Ju(lj;ing by Canadian specimens, this shell scorns to tho writer to bo
much nioi'o nearly lelated to some of tho smooth N. American species
of Pleuroctni, such as P. suhulare, Lea, P. neglectum, Anthony and
others, than to tho Viviparidic.

Yivipahus pRrDENTirs, White.

Viviparm ],nidentius, AViiite. 18S0. I'. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., Contr. to Pal., Nos.

2-S, !>. !18, i>l. 2S, figs. 5 a and b.
Viriparii.'i jiritili)Uuii>, Wliito. 1883. Rov. Non-Marino Foss. Moll. N. Am., p. (il,

111. 2o, figs. 17,18.

(toosehoriy Canon, St. Mai-y Rivoi-, G. M. Dawson, 1881, and Pinchor
Creek, T. C. Weston. 18S;] ; from tho St. Mary R. Series : rather common
at both localities.

YiviPAKUs Leai, Meek and Ilayden.

PalwHnu Lmi, Meek and Havden. 1850. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. I'liil., vol. VIII.,

p. 121.
Viriparx Lull, ^Icvk and Ilayden. 1800. Ih. vol. XII., p. 185.
Vmpuru» Liai, Meek. 1870. Rep. I^. S. Geol. Surv. Terr. vol. IX., p. 577, pi 44,

figs. 0, a, b, c, d.
T'rripariw Leai, M. and II. AVhite. 1883. Rev. Non-^Marine Foss. Moll N. Am.,

p. Gl, pi. 27, tigs. 10-14.

I

Bow Eiver, four miles west of Blackfoot crossing, abundant, and well
preservetl ; St. Mary Eiver. at Gooseberry Cation, and three miles
north of the 4!Uh Parallel, common ; Old Man River, two miles above
Eye-Grass flat; G. M. Dawson, 1881. Belly River, twentj^-three miles
above the mouth of tho Waterton; E, G. McConnoU, 1881. Pincher
Creek, T. C. Weston, 1883. All from the St. Mary B. Series.

Blind Man Eiver, near 5th Principal Meridian, J, B. Tyrrell, 1884 1
from a slightly higher geological horizon than Limnwa tenuicostata.

>Sf

WHITIAveS.]

L.VIUMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVEUTEIIRATA.

25

I >

Valvata filosa. (N. Sp.)
riato 3, figs. 7 and "a.

Shell small, doprossed tiiibiiuito, spiro raiscnl vei-y little above tho
highest level of tho outci- whorl : volutions three, regularly roumled ;
suture distinct ami deep: umbilicus rather loss than one-third of tho
diameter of tho base: aperture circidar: outer lip thin ami simple.
Surface of the outer volutions marked by closely and regularly
arranged, transvci'so and somewhat flexuous thread-like raised lines,
which are too minute to be visible without the aid of a lens. Tost very
thin and fragile.

Maximum breadth, about three millimetres : height considerably less,
but not ascertainable with much exactitude, all the specimens having
either tho upper or tho under side buried in the matrix.

Pincher Ci eok, T. C. Weston, 1S8;{. St. Mary R. Series : not uncom-
mon, but with the delicate test rarely preserved.

Mouth of tho Blind Man River, Township 39, llange 27, west of 4th
Principal Meridian, J. B. Tyrrell, 188-i: from tho same beds as Limmu
tenuicostata.

Some casts of a small Valvata from the North or Second Branch of
the Milk River, which are referred to Planorbis or Valvata subumbilicata
ofMoek&Hayden, by J)r. G. M. Dawson, on page 131 of his "Report
on the Geology and Eosources of the Region in tho vicinity of tho
49th Panillcl," are inobably referable to this species.

This little shell appears to belong to a well-marked section of th&
genus, which has several tortiai-y as well as recent representatives, and
which Fit/ingor has proposed to separate under the name Gi/rorhis. Its
sculpture and shape are not unliko those of the Valvata Leopoldi of
De Boissy, from the French Eocene, as figured by Pictot (Traito de
Paldontologie, atlas, pi. 58, tig. 21), and Chenu (Manuel de Conchylio-
logic, vol. 1, fig. 2229), but tho Canadian species has much the narrower
umbilicusof tho two.

Among recent shells V.filosa is very closely allied to the V. striata
of Dr. Lewis, which is common in tho Province of Quebec, and which
in the writers judgment, is quite distinct froni tho V. sincera of Say.

Valvata bicincta. (K Sp.)
Plate 3, figs. 8, 8a and 8b.

Shell depressed turbinate or subdiscoidal, spire raised very Iittl&
above the highest level of the outer whorl in some specimens, its apex

.

;

t

. f^

26

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL.KONTGLOGY.

(tunic a littlo bolow that lovol in others : outer whorl bicarinated or on-
«irclo(l by two narrow and minuto but prominont throtid-like spiral
keols, one of which is placed on or about the middle of the upper sur-
face, and the other around the umbilical margin. Volutions three or
three and a half, those of the spire exposed only on the upper or pos-
terior surface, the lirst and earliest part of the second regularly
rounded in the middle ; suture distinct and deep. Outer volution
flattened above, with a downward inclination, on the inner side of the
keel, rounded on its outer side and at the periphery : umbilicus deep,
conical and about one-third the entire basal diameter. Aperture
rounded in some specimens, somewhat rhomboidal in others, possibly
from vertical compression, outer lip thin and simple.

Surface marked by minute, densely crowded and flexuous, transverse
raised striw, in addition to the spiral keels, but the former are too small
to be made out without the use of a lens.

Maximum breadth, five millimetres : height not ascertainable with
much accuracy, but evidently much loss than the breadth.

Mouth of the Blind Man Eivor, Towpsliip 39, Range 27, west of 4th
Principal Meriilian, rather abundant and a^-.ociated with the preceding
species. From the same geological horixuii is LimtKva tenuicostata.

It is possible that V. bicincta may prove only a vaa-iot}' of V.filosa,
but at i)rosent no intermediate forms have been collected.

13. FROM THE LARAMIE OF THE SOURLS RIVER DISTRICT.

(This is a northern extension v,i tho Fort Union Laramie not at present proved
to be stratijiraphically continuous with the Western Laramie projxsr. Tho siwei-
mens here desurilx'tl from tlie ^(juris River are from lo<'alities in tho immediato
vicinity of the 40th Parallel near the intersection of tho lOurd Meridian. Soo
Geol. and Kcs. 40th Parallel, p. 80 d seq., and Report of Progress Gool. Survey
Can. 1870-80 p. l(i A.)

Unio PBiscis, Meek and Ilavden.

Vnio priscus, Meek and Hayden. 1850. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. VIIL, p. 117.
" Meek. 1870. Rep. U. S. Geo). Surv. Terr. vol. IX., p. 510, pi. 4?,, figs.
8 a, b, c, d.

Wood End Depot, Souris River, G. M. Dawson, 1874, II. M. North
American Boundary Commission : five or six well preserved but very
imperfect specin.eas, in which only the beaks ai d the anterior half of

• I .

WHITtAVII.]

tARAMII AND CRETACEOUS

the test is preserved. Two casts of a Unio collected by Dr. Daw- *|
Pyramid Crook, in the same year and under the same au8pice^ uajf
possibly also belong to this spocies.

CoRBULA MA0TRIF0RMI8, Meek and Hayden.

Corbida mactriformu, Meek and Hayden. 1856. Proc. Ac. Nat Sc, Phil, vol.

VIII., p. 117.
Corbula {Potamomya) Tnactriformis, M. & II. 1800. lb. vol. XII., p. 432.
Corbula jnactriformw, Meek. 1876. Kep. U. S. Gool. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 528,

pi. 43, figs. 7, a-f.

Wood End Depot, Souris Bivor, G. M. Dawson, 1874, H. M. North
American Boundary Commission : several perfect valves and a few
fragments, associated in the same beds with Unio j)riscus.

Thaumastus limn^ipormis. Meek and Hayder
Plate 3, fig8. 3a and 3b.

5u/(mtM Km»aiyormt«, Meek and Hayden. 1856. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol.

VIII., p. 118.
Btdinus Nebrawnsis, Meek and Hayden. lb.
Thaumasliis limnxiformia, Meek. 1870. Kep. U. S. Geol. Sur'/. Terr., vol. IX., p

553, pi. 44, flg.s. 8, a, b, c, d.

Wood End Depot, Souris River, — and Pyramid Creek, Or. M. Dawson,
18T4, H. M. North American Boundary Commission. Six si^ecimens
from the first named locality and one fragment from the second.

Goniobasis tenuicarinata, Meek and Haydon.

Mdania tenuicarinata, Meek and Hayden. 1857. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil. vol.

IX., p. 137.
■Goniobagis tenuicarinata, Meek. 1876. Kep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX.,

p. 566, pi. 43, figs. 14, a b, c.

Pyramid Creek, G. M. Dawson, 1 874, H. M. North American Boun-
dary Commission, one specimen.

'i

m^

88

co^ iinuTioNS to Canadian PAii.KONTOLooT.

€'''

Cami'eloma I'Roduota, Wliito.

Cnmfhhma {Lioplns:) itrodnda,^\'\\\U\ 1883. Rov. Non-Afarino Foaa. Moll. N.

Am., i>. (!:!, 1)1. I'd, fl^H. 21-L'7.

Wood End Dopot, Souris Rivor, nlmndaiil, uiid "Grout Viillcy,"
about ono hundrod niilos west of Wood Ktid, on tho 49tli Panvllol, G.
M. Dawson, 1^74, 11. .^^. North Amorican boundary Commission.

Short Croek, Soiiiis River, A. R C. Sidwyn, 1S80.

Vivu'AHis THOC1I1KOU.M1S, Mcuk and Ilayden.

PaluditHi trochlfnrmin, ]Meok and Hayden. IS.'iii. I'roc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol.

VIII., p. ll'2
Vlriparti Irochiformin, Mook and Hayden. ISOO. II)., vol. XII., p. 1S,'5.

VivqiitroB Imchifonnin, .Mnek. 187(i. Rep. U. S. Ueol. 8urv. Terr., vol. IX.j p. 580^
pi. 44, ligti. 2 a-e.

Souri.s River, four miles oast of Rochi^ Perci'e, anil Groat Valley,
about one hundred miles wost of Wood I']nd DeixJt, on the 49th Parallel,
G. M. Dawson, 1874, II. M. North Amorican Boundary Commission.

Vivu'AEUs Leai, ^loek and Ilayden.

Puluil'ma Leal, IMeek and Hayden. 1850. I'roc. Ac. Nat. Sc. I'hil., vol. VIII.,

p. 121.
Vivlpam Lai, Meek and Hayden. 18(i0. lb., vol. XII., p. 185.
Viviparm Lial, Meek. 1870. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 577, pi. 44,

figs. 6, a, b, c, d.

Souris Elver, fom- miles east of Roche Perc»5o, G, M. Dawson, 1874,
H. M. North American Boundary Commission, Short Creek, Souris
River, A. R. C. Selwyn, 1880.

♦'

Krz^i^

WHITIAVII ]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

29

Moll. N.

ivlloy,"
loi, G.
lission.

lil., vol.
> p. 580,

V^alley,
imillel,
ion.

VIII.,
, pl. 44,

1874,
tJouris

C. FROM THE " KOX HILLS" AND " FORT PIimRK" GROUPS
OF Tin-: UPPKll CRKTACKOUS.

Tho reasons for not considering (he foHsils from these two formationH
separately are thus given in tlic following meruoranduni prepareil l>y
J)r. Dawson. " In the district emljraco<l by the geological map of the
region in the vicinity of the Bow and Belly liivers, published in the
"Report of Progress" of the Canadian Survey for 1882-84, it is
generally imjtossible to separate the Fox Ilills and Fort Pierre series.
In the map referred to, those series are consequently represented by a
single colour. In a few places, genei-aliy situated in the south-western
part of the district, the Fox Hills (Jroup is clearly recognizable in
tho form of massive bods of sandstones, which on the St. Mary's River
were observed to bo abvMi^ eighty feet in thicUness. In other parts of
tho region the dark-bluis r cotloc-coloui-ed shales of the typical Fort
Pieri'O Group become intorbedded with sandstones, lose their dark
■colour, and pass imporceptiblj' upwards into tho base of the Laramie.
This iS well seen in the vicinity of Rye-Grass tlat, on the Old Man
Rivor. The change from marine to fresh water conditions, in these
cases, occurs in this series of transitional bods, and whon tho fresh
water character becomes pronounced, the fossils are found to be
characteristically Laramie, to the exclusion of the marine Cretaceous
forms of the underlying bods. When tho Fox Hills Group is repre-
sented by massive sandstones, fossils of any kind are rarely present.
Most of tho fossils which form tho subject of the present report have
been collected in the district above (letine<l, but the remarks above
made with regard to the unsatisfactory chai'actor of the stratigraphical
grounds for tho separation of the Fox Hills and Fort Pierre Groups
arL generally ciiually applicable to tho contiguous districts to tho east
and north, fiom which a portion of the fossil moUusca were derived."

BRACHIOPODA.

LiNOULA NiTiDA, Meek and Hayden.

L'mgvla nitida, Meek and Hayden. 1861. Proc. Ac. Nat So. Phil., vol. XIII., p.
443.
" Meok. 1876. Rep. U.S. Geol. Sur\'. Terr., vol. IX., p. 9, pl. 28,

figs. 18a, 1).

Three miles north of Ross Coul(?e, near Irvine Station, on the Cana-
dian Pacific Railway T. C. AVeston, 1884; abundant: Old Wives Creek,
Township 10, Range 11, west of third Principal Meridian, R. G. McCon-
nell, 1884 : one specimen.

T>

80

C0NTRIBITTI0N8 TO CANADIAN PALyBONTOLOGT.

LAMELLTBEANCHIATA.

k

OssTBEA PATINA, Mcek iiud Hayclen.

Ontna patina, Meek and Haydon. 185(i. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Pliil, p. 277.

" « " G. M. Dawson, 1875, Rep. Geol. and Res. Reg.

Vicin. 40th Parallel, p. 110.
OHrca (f Ori/phaa) patina, Meok. 187t). Rep. I'.S. Gool. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p.

16, pi. 10, figs. 2a, b — a, b, bis, and 3 e-f, also pi- 11,

varieties.

White Mud River (sometimes called Frenchman's Creek) near the
49th Parallel and south of Woody Mountain, G. M. Dawson, 1874, H.M.
North American Bounilary Commission: abundant and well preserved.

OsTBEA iNORNATA, Meek and Ilayden.

Ostrea inorimta, Meek and Hayden. 18GD. Proc. Ac. Nat- Sc. Phil, p. 181.

« Jleck. 1870. Rop. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 14, pi. 10,

lig.4.

St. Mary Eiver, near its confluence with the Belly River, G. M.
Dawson, 1881 : one perfect and apparently typical specimen.

OsTKEA suBTRiooNALis, Evuns and Shumard.

O^trca mhtrigonalis, Mook. 1870. (But doubtfully as of E. and S.) Rep. U.S.
Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 510, pi. 40, ligs. la, b, c, d.
Figured also on pi. 12, llgs. 2-5, of Dr. C. A. White's Rev.
Non-marino Foss. Moll. N. Am., Washington, 1883.

A number of valves of a small oyster which ayroe perfectly with
Meek's description and figures of 0. suhtrigonalis were collecte<l by G.
M. Dawson in 1881 on the banks of the Belly Eiver at the mouth oftho
St. Mary Eiver, in rocks oviM'l3nng the coal and occupying a position
at the base oftho shales oftho Kort PIcmto Group. Similar specimens
were collected by Dr. Dawson in 1883 at Milk Eiver Ridgo in rocks
of precisely the same geological horizon. The Belly Eiver specimens
are narrowly arcuate imd more or less mytiloid in outline, while their
lateral margins are usually^but not always minutely crenulated. The
lower valve is shallow, and either free or with a small scar of attach-
ment, while the upper valve is flat.

WHITEAVE3.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

31

Chlamys Nebrascensis, Meek & Havden.

Pecten Nehramixm, Meek & Havden. 1856. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., p. 87.
Chlamys Nebramnds, ilcek. 1876. Kep. U. S. Gaol. Surv. Terr., vol IX., p. 25,
pi. 16, fig.s. 6, a, b, c.

East branch of the Poplar Eiver on the 49th Parallel (the locality
where the Woody Mountain Astronomical Station was established,
vide page 107 of Dr. Dawson's Beport on the Geology and Ee.sources
of the country in the vicinity of the 49th Parallel), G. M. Dawson,
1874, H. M. North American Jioandary Commission : a perfect single
valve whose outer surfoco is buried in the matrix.

Old Wives Creek, Township 10, Eange 11, west of 3rd Principal
Meridian, E. G. McConn'^'l. 1884 : two single valves with the test
almost entirely exfoliated.

- 4

■)

Pteria linquiformis, Evans and Shumard. (Sp.)

Avicida Hnguiformis, Evans and Shumard. 1854. I'roo. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol.

II., p. Id?,.
" " Meek. IS.jO. Hinds' Rep. Assinib. and Saskatch. Expl.

Exp., Toronto, p. 183, pi. 1, tig. 6.
Fteria linguiformif, ileek. 1876. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 32, pi. IG,

figs. 1, a, b, c, (1.

Elbow of South Saskatchewan, Prof H. Youle Hind, 1S5S, Dr.
E. Bell, 1873, and Prof. Macoun, 1879. South Saskatchewan, fifteen
miles west of Swift Current Creek, E. G. McConnell, 1882, and Bull's
Head, about twenty-two miles west oi the west end of the Cypress
Hills, E. G. McConnell, 1883. Three miles north of Eoss Coulee, near
Irvine Station, on the Canadian Pacific Eailway, T. C. Weston, 1884;
abundant.

Pteria (Oxytoma) Nebrascana, Evans and Shumard.

Aticula, Nehrascana, Evans and Shumard. 1857. Trans. Ac. Sc. St. Louis, vol- 1.,

p. 38.
" " ^Icek. 185i>. Hind's Rep. Assinib. and Saskatch. Expl.

Exp., Toronto, p. 18;?, pi. 1, fig. 7.
rtci-ia {Oxytoma) NcbrnRCduu, ^leok. 1870. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX, p,

34, pi. 16, liga. 3 a, b, and pi. 28, fig. 12.

"South Branch of the Saskatchewan," Prof H. Y. Hind, 1858.
South Saskatchewan opposite Swift Current Creek, E. G. McConnell,

1882,

1

32

CONTBIHUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL.EONTOLOOY.

{

il

i

1*
■-.pi

Pteria (Pseudhptera) fibrosa, Meek an I Haydeii, Var.

Plate 4, tig. 1.

Avicula .' fibrom, :>[oek aud Hayden, 1850. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., p. 86.

rholadomija lihrosn, JI. and H. 185(). lb. 28().

AviciUa (P,^lHdoptl'l•^0 fibrom, Mook. 1S73. Sixth Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr.,

p. 48!). 187(i. Rop. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol.

IX, p. m, pi. 17, fiys. 17, a, b, c, d. Whitfield (as

of ^I. and H.). Palirontolofij' of the Black Hills

of Dakota, p. 386, pi. 7, iig. 5.

Shell nearly e;iuLvalve, strongly compi'o<80il at the sides, obliquely
sub-ovate and about one-third higher than long. Posterior margin
sloping downwards and backwards in a broadly-convex, oblique curve
from the posterior end of the hinge-line to the narrowly roumled base :
anterior margin retreating obliquely backwards and downwards under
the Itoaks, with a slightly and doub'y sinuous outline in some speci-
mens and a shallowly sigmoid one in others. Hinge-line short and
straight : anterior and posterior wings quite obsolete : beaks small,
anterior, terminal, curved inwards and forwards : posterior area large,
broad, obliquely and sinuously flattened, bounded on each valve by a
minute, narrow and moderately' prominent plication, which extends
from the posterior side of the beaks to the corresponding extremity of
the basal margin.

Surface nearly smooth, but marked with a few, faint and distant,
rounded concentric undulations. On the posterior area, too, in addi-
tion to the minute radiating fold which bounds it, there are two similar
but distant radiating folds, which become obsolete towards the hinge
near the outer margin of each valve, and between the innermost of
these and the boundary of the area there is a short and not very deep
radiating groove or narrow sinus, which also becomes obsolete towards
the hinge line. Character of the interior of the valves unknown.

Length of the most perfect spesim^n, nineteen millimetres; height
of the same, thirty-one ram.

Bow River, below Horse-Shoe Bend, G. M. Dawson, 1881 : two well
preserved and nearly perfect casts of the interior of the shell. These
specimens differ from the typical form of Pteria {Psewloptera) fibrosa
in the much greater lateral compression of the valves, especially in
the urabonal region, and in their nearly smooth surface. They can
scarcely be considered, however, as indicating anything more than a

)f which it has

]■

■

il

riety

spec I

been thought desirable to prepare an original description and a figure.

./

■

WHITEAVES.J

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

33

The distinction between Pseudoptera, Meek, and Meleagrina, Lamarck,
is not very clearly defined, and it is possible and by no means impro-
bable that the present species may bo congeneric with the Melewjrina
antiqua of the Chico group of California and with the M. amygdaloidea
of the Middle Cretaceous of Skidegate Inlet in the Queen Charlotte
Islands.

Inoceramus altus, Meek.

Inoceramus allw, Meok. 1871- Dr. Hayden's Rep. U.S. Ctool. Surv. Terr., p. 302.
" " " 1876. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 43, pi. 14,

figs. 1, a, b.
«' " " Whittield (as of Meek). Pal. Black Hills Dakota, p. 391,

pi. 9, fig. 11.

East Fork of the Milk Uiver, G, M. Dawson, ISTi, H.M. North
American Boundary Commission : a number of well-preserved but
much distorted specimens, from a boulder. Most of these agree fairly
with Mr. Meek's and Prof. Whitfield's descriptions and figures of I.
alius, but one of them is strikingly like Prof. Whitfield's figure of a
shell which he regards with doubt as possibly a variety of the /.
Vanuxemi of Hall and Meek, on pi. 7, fig. 10, of the " Palioontology of
the Black Hills of Dakota."

Inoceramus Barabini, Morton.

tght

ire.

Inoceramag Baralnni, !Morton. 1834. Synops. Org. Rem., p. 02, pi. 17, fig. 3 (pi. 13,

fig. 11?).
Inoceramus giltbiui, Tuomey. 1854. Proe. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phila., vol. VII., p. 170.
Inoaramits cuncaUu .tieek and Hayden. 1800. lb., 181.
Inoceramus Orippsiii v&T. Bambim,MoT{oi\. Meek. 1876. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv.

Terr., vol. IX., p. 4it, pi. 13, figs. 1, a, b, c, and pi. 12. fig. 3.
Inoceramus Baralnni, Whitfield. PaL Black Hills Dakota, p. 398, pi. 7, fig. 7 and

pi. 9, fig. 8.

Twelve miles east of White Mud Eiver (or Frenchman's Creek), G,
M. Dawson, 1874, H. M. North American Boundary Commission i
seven specimens. Elbow of South Saskatchewan, Prof. J. Macoun,
1879 : two good specimens and two imperfect ones.

July, 1886. a

!

34

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALyBONTOLOOY.

i

Inoceramis Saoexsis, var. Nebrascensis, Owen.

Inoccramus Sagniitis, Owen. 1S52. Geol. Rep. Min., Iowa and Wiscons., !>. 582,

1.1. 7, lig. 3.
Inoccramw Nchracensin, Owon. 1852. lb., p. 582, pi. 8, fif,'. 1.
Inoctramus Saymm, var. NchrancetiMs, ^Iook. 1876. Rep. V.8. Geol. Surv. Terr.

vol. IX., p. 52, pi. 13, figs. 2a, b.
Inoccramw Sageiisis, 'Wliitlielil. Pal. Blat^k Hills Dakota, p. 303,, pi. 7, fig. 12,

ami pi. 8, lig. 2.

St. Mary Eiver, about ten miles from its mouth, G. M. Dawson,
IS81: one rather large but imperfect specimen which jlosely resembles
Owen's figure of the type of I. Sagensis. South Saskatchewan, oppo-
site Swift Current Creek, E. G. McConnell, 1882 and 1883 : three very
large specimens, two of whcli are upwards of a foot in length, by
fully fourteen inches in height, as measurt"' obliquely in the direction
of the main axis of the valves.

In the lai'gest in<'.i-, iduals the concentric undulations become obsolete
in the basal or .interior two-thirds of the shell, and the test, which is
onl}' about two millimetres thick near the ventral margin, is nearly
smooth, and only faintly and concentrically striated on its outer sur-
face. The outline of the largest and most perfect of the Swift Cun-ent
si)eciniens, which appear to belong to the variety Nebrascensis, is
singularly like that of Sowerby's figure of 7. latus, Mantell, in vol. YI.,
p. 159, tab. 182, fig. 1 of the Mineral Conchology.

4 •■

Inoceramus tenuilineatus, Hall and Meek.

Flat« 5, figs. 1 and 1 a.

Inoceramm tenuilincatus, Hall and Meek. 1854. Mem. Am. Ac. Arts and Sci.,
Boston, vol. VIII., p. 387, pi. 2, figs. 3a, b.
" " Meek. 1S7(J. , Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv, Terr., vol. IX., p. 57.

pi. 12, fig. 6.

Inoceramus tmuUineatus, Whitfield, (as of H. and M.) Pal. Black Hills Dakota,
p. 400, pi. 0, figs. 12, 13.

Blood Indian Creek, longitude 110° west, — also Elbow of the South
Saskatchewan Eiver, Prof J. Macoun, 1879 : two fine specimens, which
belong to that form of the species in which the concentric undulations
are unusually strong and well-defined, from each of these localities.

f

*HITEAVES.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

35

Gervillia recta, Meek and Haydon.

'Gerril/ia rectn, ^Meek and Haydeu. 1801. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc, Phil., vol. XIII,
p. 441.
" " :Meek. 1.S70. Rep. U.S. Geol. Siirv. Terr., vol. IX, p. 6(3, pi. i"J,

ligs. 1 a, b.

Biiil's Head, about twenty-two miles west of the west end of the
•€yi)ross Hills, IJ. G. ircConnell, 1883: one nearly perfect and very
typical specimen, with fragmeiits of others in the same hand speci-
anen of rock.

t

Gervilli PECiw, var. borealis.

(Var. nov.)

■ ^

Plate 4, flgs. 2, 1' a and 2 b. ■

Shell large and thick, attaining to a length of fulij- six inches, ine-
•quivalve, the left valve being usually compressed convex and obliquely
flattened jjosteriorly and immediately under the posterior wing, but
rarely rather strongly convex, while the right valve is uniformly
almost flat: lateral margins of the valves not distinctly tortuou.s.

^'aiu body of the shell, exclusive of the posterior wing or alation,
-elongated and narrow, about three times as long as high, very
obliquely sublanceolate or semi-lanceolate in outline, its upjter boun-
dary, under the posterior alation, being nearly straight, and its lower
margin very broadly and convexly arched: ])Osterior extremity
genei-ally subtruncated almost vertically. Including the posterior
alation, the maximum height is nearly equal to one-half the entire
length. Posterior wing large and long, occupying more than one-half
the entire length, its posterior margin obliijueiy and concavely cmar-
ginato : anterior wing almost obsolete, small, angular !>nd pointed in
front. Hinge-line long and straight, between one-half and two-thirds
the entire length in the largest specimen^ : beaks minute and incon-
spicuous, anterior but not quite terminal.

Surface marked with a few, irregularly disposed, concentric lines of
growth. Cartilage pits apparently six, the three anterior ones separ-
ated by intervals of about equal breadth with themselves, the three
posterior ones much moi-e distantly disposed.

Muscular scars very fiiintly impressed and not perceptibly excavated.
Posterior muscular scars very large, elongated in a direction nearly
parallel with the longer axis of the valves, narrowly ovate, acutely
pointed above and narrowly rounded below, their pointed extremities

36

CONTRIBITIONS TO CANADIAN PAL/E0NT0L0(1Y.

■i:

placed immediatoly uiidoi- the posterior termination of the hinge ami
their outer margins close to anil parallel with the upper margin of the-
posterior ends of the valves. Anterior muscular scars about half as
large as the posterior, and nairowly elongated in nearly the same
dii-ection, pointotl above and below, broadly convex on their outer and
straight on their inner sides, i)laceil high up in and partly across the
angles formed by the hinge-line and the anterior margins.

Belly Jiiver. wes*; of the mouth of the St. Mary J{iver, G. M. Dawson,
1881 : and Belly iiiver, near the mouth of the St. Mary Eivei", R. G.
McConnell, 1881 ; St. Mary River, near the Police Fort, T. C. Weston,
1883 : South Saskatchewan, opposite Swift Current Creek, E. G.
McConnell, 1882 and 1884. Lome Crossing of the Red Deer River^
Township 35, Range 10, west of 4th Pi-incipal Meridian : and Berry
Creek, Section 31, Township 25, Range 12, west of 4th Principal
Meridian, .1. B. T\'rrell, 1884. One or two more or less perfect but
usually very large specimens from each of these localities.

This variety, if indeed it be sufficiently well marked to be called a
variety, appears to dill'er chiefly from the type of the species in its
much larger size and in the propoi-tionately greater length of its pos-
terior wing. One of the specimens collected by Mr. Tyrrell on the
Red Deer River, which is Hve and a half inches in length, apart from
the greater jiroportionato length of its posterior alation, is so like-
Meek's tiguro of G. recta that it can scarcely be separated from that
species even as a variety. It is not improbable that Meek's types of
G. recta are immature shells and that the speciiuens fi-om the Cana-
dian Xorth-West, which are very characteristic of the Fort Pierre
Group of that region, may I'eiiresent merely the adult form of the
species.

MooiOLA ATTENiATA, Mock and Hayden.

Mudlus att,nwtUi!>, Meek anil Hayden. 1850. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil, vol. VIII.,

p. 8(5.
Modiola ulhmutia, Meek and Hayden. 1860. lb., vol. XII., p. 427.
Vohdla atlimuil-i, :Mi«k. 1876. iiep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 74, pi. 28,

ligs. 8a, b.

St. Mary River, near its confluence with the Belly River, T. C. Wes-
ton, 1883 : abundant. Three miles north of Ross Coult^e, near Irvine
Station on the Canadian Paciflc Railway, T. C. Weston, 1884.

\t I i

WHITEAveS.]

I-ARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERT BRATA.

87

VIII.,

l,pl.28.

MoDioLA (Brachydontes) dichotoma. (N. Sp.)
Plate 4, figs. 3 and 3a.

Shell equivalve, rather sti-ongly convex when adult, thickest on the
rounded umbonal ridge, which is moderately ])rominent and tolerably
well defined as far as the middle of the valves, but which widens and
gradually becomes obsolete towards and at the posterior end of the
base: maximum thickness alout equal to the height in fully grown
specimens and about one-fourth less than the height in immature ones.
Lateral outline somewhat variable in dirt'orent si»ecimen9, the largest
being subelliptical witli a slightly arcuate base, while those which are
not quite full-grown are nari-owly subtriipozoidal ; length about twice
the maximum height. Anterior side narrow and extremely short, its
margin retreating abruptly, obliquely, and more or less convexly
downwards and inwards ; posterior side considerably elongated and
much broader than the anterior, broadest a little behind the middle,
its superior border broatlly arched in the largest specimens and ftiintly
and obtusely subangular at the termination of the hinge line behind in
smaller individuals, its basal margin shallowly arcuate or nearly
straight, and its extremity narrowly rounded below the middle. Beaks
''mall, anterior, terminal or very nearly terminal.

Surface marked by a few concentric lines of growth, and by nu'.ner-
•ous minute, rounded, radiating ribs, which curve upwards and out^^'ards
and are distinctly dichotomous on the posterior area, but which are
apparently not so distinctly dichotomous below the umbonal ridge.

Dimensions of a perfect cast of the interior of the largest specimen
collected : length, twenty millimetres ; maximum height, ton mm. ;
thickness through the closed valves, seven mm. and a half. A smaller
right valve with the test preserved is eleven mm. in length, anil seven
in its greatest height.

St. Mary Eiver, near its confluence with the Belly Eiver, (). M.
Dawson, 1881, and T. C. Weston, 1883; two casts of the interior and a
perfect right valve, with most of the test preserved.

NiTcuLA CANCELLATA, Meok and Haydon.

Wes-
Irvine

Ifucida cancellata, Meek and Hayden. 185G. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. VIII.,
p. 85.

Meek. 1876. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 102, pi. 28,
figs. 13a, b, c, d, e.

St. Mary River, eleven miles above its mouth, G. M. Dawson, 1881 1

$m^.

1

38

roNTRinUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAIwKONTOLOOY.

one perfect and beautifully preserved specimen, with the test preserved
on both valves and entirely freed from the matrix.

VoLDiA sciTULA. Meek and Ilayden.

ri. 5, flfe'. 2.

Nttcu/a mtuhi, :Meok and Ilaydoii. 1856. I'roc. Ac. Nat.Sc. Phil., vol. VIII., !>. 84.
Lain i>cili(l<i, ^Feck and Hayden. 18t>0. lb., vol. XII., p. 185.
L'hi ( Yolilia) .-citulit, M anil H. 18(iO. lb., p. 4l'8.

Yohlia scitnla, "Sleek. 1876. Hep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 110, pi. 28,
fig. 9.

Twelve miles east of White Mud Rivor, im trail to Woody Mountain,
one well preserved right valve, and 40th Parallel, on the ea.st branch
of the Poplar Piver (the ])lace called " Woody Mountain Astronomical
Station'" on page 107 of Dr. Dawson's Report on the Geology and
Resources of the Country in the Vicinity of the -ilHh Parallel) : a mould
of the exterior of a loft valve : both collected by G. M. Dawson in 1874,
while on the statfof H.M. North American Boundary Commission.

The identitication of these two specimens is not entirely satisfac-
tory, their characters agreeing better with Meek's descriptions than
with his iigures of Y. scitnla, Meek's latest statement in regard ta
that shell is that its posterior side is " subangular or very narrowly
roundeil in outline.' but in the figure the posterior side is represented
as subangular above. In both of the specimens collected by Dr.
Dawson the posterior side is very narrowly rounded, both above and
below, and there is no trace of any angularity above.

•a •-

YoLDiA EvANsi, Meek and IIa3-den.

f!

Nmila Evami, Meek and Hayden. 1856. rroc. Ac. Nat. So., Phil., vol. VIII,.

p. 84.
Lnhi Emmi, Meek and Ilayden. 1800. lb., vol. XII, p. 185.
Lala ( YohUa) Emnsi, :Meek and Hayden. 1860. lb., p. 420.
Yoldia Ermwi, Meek. 1876. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX, p. Ill, pi. 28„

figs. 10, a, b, c.

South Saskatchewan, fifteen miles west of the mouth of Swift Current
Creek, E. G. McConnell, 1882: a single right valve. Old Wives'
Creek, Township 10, Range 11, west of 3rd Principal Meridian, R. G.
3IcConnell, 1884: several imperfect and not very well preserved
specimens.

i.

and

j1. 28,.

rent

ives"

■R. G.

vod

WHITEAVE8 ]

^-

LARAMIE AND CRETAf'EOUS INVEKTEBRATA.

LuciNA ncciDENTALis, Morton.

39

Tellina occirlentalin, Morton. 1S42. Jour. Ac. Nat. i^^c, Pliil., vol. VllI, p. 210,

pi. 11, fit;. 3.
Mould of Lucina.' Owen. 1852. Rop. Geol. Surv. Wise, Iowa and Minn., pi. 7,

fiii. H.
Lucinuoccide)} talis ^"Mvok and Hayden. 18.56. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc, Phil., vol.

VII r, p. 272. Not Lwbm ocddintalh, Reeve, 1850.
" " -Mi'ok (as of Morton). 1870. Rop. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol.

IX, p. 134, pi. 17, figs. 4, a, b, c, d.

Bull Pound Creok, Section ."J, Township 26, IJango 14, west of -ith
Principal NEoridian, J. B. Tyrrell, 1884 : ton specimens, with both
valves and the tost preserved. Old Wives' Creelc, Township 10, Range
11, west of 4th Principal Meridian, R. G. McConnell, 1884: two small
specimens wiiich belong to the form to which Hall and Meek gave the
name L. subundata.

The largest individuals from Bull Pound Creek are exactly like Meek's
repi'esentations of liucind occidentalis on plato 17, figures 4 a and 4 b, of
the ninth volume of the United States Geological Survey of the Terri-
tories, but the smaller ones correspond quite as closely to his figures of
L. subundata on the same plate. The few Lucinte which have yet been
collected fi-om the Fort Pierre Group of the Canadian North-West,
however, all clearly belong to a single species, and it is extremely
probable that L, subundata is only the young of L. occidentalis, as Mr.
Meek has suggested may be the case. In reference to these two
nominal species and to the variety ventricosa, Mr. Meek remarks (on
page 13G of the volume last cited), " it may be possible that all
three of the typos here described are merely varieties or re[trosent
ditfei-ent ages of the same species. Indeed, I confess that I am not
altogether satisfied with the conclusion that they belong to more than
one species ; but having already separated them, it is perhaps better
to continue this arrangement than to unite the whole under one name
doubtfully.'

Tancredia A.mericana, Meek and Hayden.

Hcttang'M Anwrimnu, Meek and Hayden. 1850. Pioc. Ac. Nat. Sc, Phil., vol.

VIII., p. 274, and (1860) lb., vol XII., p. 185.
Tancredia Americana, Jleek. 1876. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 142

pi. 38, tigs. 1, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h.

Berry Creek, Section 31, Township 25, IJange 12, west of 4th Prin-
cipal Meridian, J. B. Tyrrell, 1884: one adult specimen with the valves
spread out on a piece of sandstone.

i.

^Sf^Hf&fWffWt

Bmt

■ \

40

CONTRIHTJTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL^ONTOr,OOT.

Cyprina ovata, Meek and Hayden.

Ci/primi orala, Meek and Haydon. 1857. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc, Phil., vol. IX., [>. 144.
" " " Meek. 187«. Rop. U.S. Geol. Siirv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 140, pi. 129,

tigs. 7 a, 1), c, and woodcut, tig. 8.

Vakiety alta. {Var. nov.) Plate 5, tig. 3.

Shorter than the typical form and broader in the direction of its
height.

Belly River, near and a little west of tlie mouth of St. Mary River,
alrso below llor.so Shoe Bend, G. ^I. Dawson and R. G. McConnell,
1881 ; St. Mary River, near its confluence with the Belly River, G. M.
Dawson, 1881, and T. C. Weston, 1883 : extremely abundant and well
preserved at each of these localities, the prevalent form being appa-
rently the var. alta.

St. Maiy River, west of MacLeod Benton Trai!, R. G. 3IcConnell,
1881, mostly the var. alta. South Saikatciiowan, opposite Swift Cur-
rent Creek, R. G. McConnell, 1882 : *he typical foi-m apjiarently most
prevalent. Ross Coul(5e, near Irvine Station, on the Canadian Pacific
Rjiilway, T. C. Weston, 1884 : many casts of the interior of shells of
the tyj)ical form and a few of the var. alta.

An exceedingly abundant and characteristic species in the Canadian
North-west. The specimens are often very perfect and beautifully
preserved, and the variety alta seems more common than the typo,
though the two forms are usually if not invariably found associated
together at each of the localities from which the species has been col-
lected.

I

CouBicDiiA occiDENTALis, Meek and Hayden.

■ ■■(

(For the synonymy, &c., of this species see page T).

A few imperfect and badly preserved specimens of a Corbicula which
are apparently referable to this species were collected by Dr. G. M.
Dawson in 1883, at the base of the Fort Pierre Gi-pup, at IMilk River
Eidge, associated with an abundance of Ostrea suhtrujonalis, and with
a fragment of a Unio,

A

■■.■^'■hi.

-fTiffpy* ■;<■»"'-

^^j£x2S>£[_ ^'. uji7«

col-

1

1

'■ X

1

^HiTiAvii.] I.ARAMIK AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

Protocardia 8UBQUADRATA, Evuns uucl Shuiuurd.

41

riaU* .'), iigs. 4, anil 4 u.

Cardium tubquadratum, Evuns antl Shunmrd. 1857. " Trans. Ac. Nat. Sc. St.

Louis), vol. 1, p. 3i*.
Protocardia {Leptocardia) mlxiHadraUi, yi{}&k (fiSi^i'E. and S.). 1876. Rep. U.S.

Geol. Sun-. Terr., vol. IX., p. 175, pi. 29,

lips. 8a, b, c, d, e.

South Saskattbewan, oppo.'^ite Swift Cui-rent Greek, R. G. McConnell,
188li : very abundant. Bull'.s Head, about twenty-two niilon west of
the west end of the Cypres.^ Hills, R. G. McConnell, 1.S83: not uncom-
mon. Three miles north of Ross Coul»?c, near Irvine Station, on the
Canadian Pacitic Railway., T. C. Weston, 1884: a number of casts of
the interior of tho closed valves. Fciur miles south of Battle River,
Township 38, between Ranges 12 and 13, west of 4th Meridian, J.B.
Tyrrell, 1884.

Some badly preserved, im])erfect and immature specimens of a
small Profo<'ardia collected by G. M. Dawson on the Smoky River, in
1879, which were referred bj' the writer to the P. rara of Evans and
Shumai-d in a provisional list of the fossils of that locality on page 124
B. of the "Report of Progress" of the Canadian Survey for 1879-80,
most probably also belong to the present species.

Protocardia horealis. (N. Sp.)
Plato (>, figs. 1, 1 a, 2, 2 a, and ?,.

Shell of medium size for the genus, specimens varying from a little
less than an inch to an inch and five-eighths in length ; valves rather
strongly convex, thickest Just above the mid-height; lateral out-
line varying in ditt'erent sjjeeimens from rounded subquadrangular to
obliquely and broadly subovate; length slightly exceeding the maxi-
mum height. Anterior side very short, its extremity' regularly
rounded; posterior side rather longer than the anterior, its extremity
somewhat oblii^uely sub-ti-uncated above, and rather narrowly rounded
at the base below. Superior border descending very abruptly in front
of the beaks, nearly straight and parallel to the ventral margin behind,
cardinal margin short, ventral m; gin nearly straight in the middle
and for the greater part of its length ; umbones broad, oblique, and
obtusely angular behind ; beaks placed in advance of the middle (in
some specimens very near to the anterior margin) curved inwards and
downwards with a slightly forward inclination.

fum.

12

CONTKIIllITIONS Til (AN.VhlAN I'AL.KONTOLOdV.

f »
1 5

SurfiH'o nearly sninotli Imt. iiiiirkoil with very fine iiud cloMoly
arruiiu't'tl cDiuetitrio slriii-, also by a tow ilistatit linos of't^i-DWlh, which
latti'i- HIT waved ami toDthod on tlic poHtorior uriia, wlioro thoy aro
crossed liy ohsciiro, rounded, radiating' rilis, Tlieso rili8, though
obsoloto nliovo, are HUfHeieiitly well marked holow to cause an intor-
lockiiiLf of the mari^ins of the valves at the iiostorior end of the liase.

Hinge dentition uidcnown ; anterior and posterior muscular scara
nearly equal in si/o, the anterior bi-oadly suhovnto and higher than
l)roa<l, the posterior somewhat pointed both above and below ; pallial
line not clearly indicated.

Dimensions of an averai^v. indivithial : length, twenty-throp railll-
metres; maximum height, twenty-one mm. and a-half; thickness
through the closed valves, seventeen mm. A large cast of the interior
of a shell, from near lloss Coulee, which is probably referable to this
species, measures forty-one millimetres in length by thirty-nino in
height.

St. Mauy IJiver, near its junction with the Belly liiver, Ir. M. Dawson,
1881. and T. C. Weston, 188;J: very abumlant. St. Mary River, W,
of MacLeod Benton Trail. R. (r. McConnell, 1881, and South Saskatche-
wan, opposite Swift Current Creek. II. (r. McC!onnoll, 1882. Three
miles north of Ross Coulee, near Irvine Station, on the Canatliani
Pacific Railway, T. C. Weston, 1884, associated with P. sul^quadrata.

>t< *■

"^ t

I

Callista (dosiniopsis) ueweti, Meek and Haydon.

riiite <i, tijxs. 4, 5, and 6 a.

(''/</« ct a A »•(■;/') Meek and Hayden. 1S56. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. VIII.,

1». .S3.
McTdnx Diiviiji, Meek luid Hay<km. ISGd. lb., vol. XII., p. 185.
OilliKtn Denijl, Meek and Hiiyden. lS(il. It)., vol. XIII., p. 143.
CalliMa (Doainiojms) Dewaji, Meek. 187f'>. Kep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p.

182, pi. 17, tigs, loa, b, c, <1, e.

Bull's Head, about twenty-two miles west of the west end of the
Cypress Hills, R. CI. McConnell, 1883 : five specimens, some of which
show the hinge dentition well, and others the pallial sinus. Hill
south of Big Plume Creek, Township 8, Range 5, west of 4th Principal
♦ Meridian, R. G. McConnell, 1881^ : nine unusually perfect examples of
a shell which is probably only a large form of C Deweyi, but which, in
shape and size, approaches very closely to the C. Owenana of Meek and
Hayden.

In the "Palaeontology of the Black Hills of Dakota" (page 416)
Prof. Whitfield places C. Deweyi among the synonyms of Morton's

i

.i

^1 ►

WHITIAVI8.]

LARAMIE AMI IIIKTACEDI H [NVKRTKimATA.

4S

Ci/therea Missouriana, Imt witli ii (|Uorv, ami i-alls the latter shell Doslnia
Miaaouriana. I'ndor tlio eirciimstaiicos it in thought best to retain
Meok and JIayderi's nain»5 lor the Canadian specimens, first, because
they are much more like Mcok's figures ofC Deweyi than they are to
either Morton's oi- Wliilfiuld's figures ot' Cythena or Doainia Missouri-
ana, and secondly, because they clearly do not belong to the genus
Doalnia.

Mactra (Cymrophora) Wakrenana, Meek and ITayden.

M<ictra Warrcnunn, .Mock imd Hayden. 185fi. I'roc. Ac. Xiit. f^c. Phil, vol.

Vlir., p. 271.
Mwlni {Cinnhojjhora) Warnnuna, Jleek. ISTli. Rep. U.S. (ieol. Surv. Terr., vol.

I.\., J). L'OS, pi. ;u», tigs. 7, ii, b, f, d.

South Saskatchewan, live miles above Swift Current Creek, R. G.
McConnell, 18>S3: two specimens. Ross Coul»5e, near Irvine Station,
on the Canadian Pacific Railway,!. C. Weston, 1883; a single left
valve.

M.VCTRA (CY.MBOpnoRA) (iRAoiLis, Meek and Hayden.

J/ac/ra j7roc(7M, Meek and Hayden. 18G0. Proe. Ac. Nat. S<'. Phil., vol. XII.,

p. 179.
Maclra {Cijmhophora) gmc'dis, .Meek. 1870. Rep. U..S. Geol. Siirv. Terr., vol. IX.,

p. 209, pi, 17, (it's. 18a, h.

East Branch of the Poplar River, on the 49th Parallel (the jilaco
called " Woody Mountain Astronomical Station" on page 107 of Pr.
Dawson's "Report on the Geology and Resources of the country in the
vicinity of the 49th Parallel"), G. M. Dawson, 1874, H.M. North
American Boundary Commission : abundant and well preserved.

LiopisTiiA (Cymella) undata. Meek and Hayden.

I-hokulomija nmhila, Meek and Hayden. 18.50. Proe. Ac. Nat. So. Phil., vol.

VIII., p. 81.
Li(4)i8tha {Cijmilu) vnlnta, Meek. lS7(i. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p.

230, pi. 39, figs. 1, a, b.

St. Mary River, near its junction with the Belly Kiver, G. M. Daw-
son, 1881, and T. C. Weston, 1883. South Saskatchewan, opposite
mouth of Swift Current Creek, R. G. McConnell, 1882 : very abundant.

i 1

J

44

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL^EONTOLOOr.

Mi

ll

Bull's Head, about twonty-two miles west of the west end of the Cjrpress
Hills, E. G. McOonnell, 1883 : abundant. Berry Ci-eelc, Township
25, Eange 12, and four mile^ south of Battle River, Township 38, be-
tween Ranges 12 and 13, both west of 4th Meridian, J. B. Tyrrell,
1884. Three miles north of Ross Couk'e, near In'ine Station, on the
Canadian Pacific Railway, T. .' Weston, 1884: abundant.

A very common and widely distributed species in the Upper Cre-
taceous rocks of the Canadian North West.

Ne.era MoREAUENSis, Mcok and Hayden.

1 =

I

Corhula Moreawnm, Meek and Hiiyden. 18-7)6. Proc. Ac. Nat. So. Phil,, vol.

VIII., p. :.3.
Ne«m Moreaucnm, Meok and Hayden. 1800. lb., vol. XII., p. 185.

" " ]Meek. 1870. Eep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX. p. 239,

pi. 17, figs. 11a, b, c.
" " "Whitfiekl (as of :Mook). Pal. Black Hills, Dakota, p. 420, pi.

11. fig. 31.

Old Wives Creek, Township 10, Range 11, west of Third Principal
Meridian, R. Cr. McConnoU, 1884: two specimens.

■V>\

Panoi'.ea sibovalis. (N. Sp.)

Plate 0, figs. 0 and 0 a.

Shell nearly equivalve, rather strongly convex, most prominent a
little above the niidtUo, and slightly in advance of the mid-length,
oblifjuely compressed behind ; lateral outline transversely and broadly
suboval; length not quite one-third more than the maximum height;
posterior termination of the valves gaping. Anterior side a little
shorter than the posterior, its outer margin subangular at its junction
with the superior border above, and retreating obliquely and rapidly
both inwards and downwards in a broadlj' convex curve to the base
below ; posterior side abrui)tly contracted, its margin nearly straight
above but rounding up very rapidly from the base below, its gaping
termination narrow and subtruncated somewhat obli(iuely above the
middle of the valves. Ventral margin broadly and convexly arched,
rounding up rapidly at each extremity : superior border descending
gradually in front of the beaks, and nearly straight behind ; umbones
moderately prominent; beaks placed a little in advance of the middle,
apparently rather small and incurved, with a slightly forward inclina-
tion.

• >

.«wi&^aai

»#'*

WH{TEAVE8.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

45

Surface markings of the test unknown, but the cast of the interior of
the valves is marked by faint broad unduhitions. On a minute frag-
ment of the tost which happens to be preserved, there are indications
of raised concentric striations.

Dimensions of the only specimen collected : Length, seventy-six
millimetres (or about three inches) ; height, inclusive of the beaks,
fifty-five mm. ; maximum thickness through the closed valves, thirty-
rive mm.

Four miles south of Battle Biver, Township 38, between Eanges 12
and 13, west of 4th Meridian, J. B. Tyrrell, 1884: one cast of the
interior of the united valves.

An apparently well marked species, characterized principally by its
regulaj'ly inflated valves and its transversely broad suboval form, also
by the abrupt contraction of its narrowly gaping posterior margin,
and by the angularity of its anterior margin above.

Pieces of fossil wood which are completely riddled with the burrows
of a Bi^ccioa of Tei 'do ov Turnus were collected by Mr. Tyrrell at the
same locality and date a.-? Panop<va subovalis. The posterior termination
of each of these burrows is sphcurical in form, but as the shape and
sculpture of the valves of the mollusk which made tlieni are unknown,
it is im])ossiblo to say to what species or even to what genus they
should be referred.

CIASTEEOPODA.

Haminea occidentalis. Meek and Ilayden.

Bulla occidentalis, Meek and Ilayden. ISuCi. Proo. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil, vol..

VIII,, p. G9. (Not B. occidentalis, A, Adams, of earlier date,)
Bulla Nchrascaisis; 'Sleek and Hayden, 1801, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc, Phil., vol

XITI., p. 427.
Haminea occidentalis. Meek. 187(1. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., ji. 271, pi.

18, figs. 11a, b, and 12a, b.

Blood Indian Ci'cek, north of the Eed Deer Eiver and twenty miles
east of the Hand Hills, Prof Macoun, 1870: one well preserved cast
of the intc! lor of the shell. South Saskatchewan, opposite Swift Cur-
rent Creek, R. G. McConncll, 1S82: a similar cast. Old AVives Creek,
Township 10, Range 11, west of 3rd Piincipal Meridian, R. G, McCon-
nell, 1884 : four specimens, two of them with large portions of the test
"Well preserved,

A cast of the interior of the shell of a very narrowly cylindrical

:i

ll

46

CONTRtnUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALyEONTOLGGY.

species of Q/Z(c/ma, whicli appears to be undescribod, but which does
not afford sufficient characters for a satisfactory diagnosis, was col-
lected by Mr. T. C. Weston, in 1884, three miles north of Ross Coulee,
near Irvine Station, on the Canadian Pacific Eailway.

III

AcT.i.0N ATTENUATUS, Mcok and llayden.

Actcton {SoUdida^) aHf UMflius, Meok and Haydeu. 1S58. Proc. Ac. Nut Sc. Phil.

vol. \., p. 54.
So!idalaatU'7iuala, Meek and Haydeu. 18(>0. lb., vol. XII., pp. 185 and 424.
Acticonatteniiatit!^, !Moek. 187(J. Rep. I'.S. Gool. .Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 281, pi.

19, figs. 17a, b.

Old Wives' Creek, Township 10, Range 11, west of 3rd Principal
Meridian, E. G. McConnell, 1884; one good specimen with the test
preserved.

CiNULiA coNCiNNA, Mcok and Hayden.

Actiion roncimiw, Hall and Meek. 1854. Mem. Ac. Arts and Sc, Boston, vol.

V. (N. S.), p. 390, p]. 3, fig. 4.
Avellana mihglobosa, Meek and Hayden. 1850. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol.

VIII., p. (14.
Arellimaconcinna, Meek. 1859. Hind's Rep. Saskatch. and Assinib. Expl. Exped.

Toronto, p. 184.
Cinulki concinna, Meek and Hayden. ISiiO. I'roc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol-

Xli , J). 425.
Cinidia {OHgoptycha) concinna, Meek. 1870. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX.,

p. 284, pi. 31, figs. 0 bis., a, b, c.

Twelve miles east of White Mud River (or Frenchman's Creek), G.
31. Dawiion, 1873-74, II.M. North American Boundary Commission.

Elbow of South Saskatchewan, Prof J. Macoun, 1879. Old Wives
Creek, Township 10, Range 11, west of 3rd Principal Meridian, R. G.
McConnell, 1884. Xot uncommon at each of these localities.

This species was first collected in Canada by Prof. H. Youlo Hind
in 1858, at "Two Creeks, on the Assiniboinc."

•■ t •

7

•■jTnr*rTw.ini r, > - -wmiiiKJ

WHITEAVE8.]

LAUAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

47

Anisomyox ALVEcn.us, Meek & Huyden.

Helcion alveolus, IVIeek and Haydeii. 1856. Pruc. Ac. Nat. tic. I'lul., vol. VIII.,

p. 68.
Anisomi/on ulrcolun, lleok and Haydon. ISGO. Am. Jour. So. & Arts, vol.

XXVIII., (2ik1 series), p. 35.
Aniiiomijon ahrolm, ^leok. 1S76. Rep. U.S. Gaol. Surv. Terr-, vol. IX., p. 292, pi.

18, tigs. 4, a, b.

White Mud Eivcr (or Frcnchman'.s Creek), neai- the 49th Parallo
and south of AVoody Mountain, G. M. Dawson, 18T4, H. M. Xort
Americpp Boundary Commission : one imperfect specimen.

AxisoMYON CENTUALE, Meek.
Plate 7, figs. 1,1a, and 2, 2 a.

7

I

Amsomyon anlnih', Meek. 1872. Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr, for 1870, p. 312.

" " ■White. 1876. U. S. Expl. c<: Sur\. AV. of lOOtli Merit., p. 194,

pl.18, fig. S.
« " White. 1877. Hayden's V.ti. Geol. iV: Geogr. Surv. Terr.

Idaho and Wyoming, p. 303, pi. 9, figs, la, b, c & d.

Old Wives Creek, Township 10, Eange 11, west of 3rd Principal
Meridian, R. Gr. McConnell, 1884 : four large and well preserved casts
■of the interior of the shell.

No two of those- specimens are alike either in shape or in surface
markings, although they all agree to a certain extent in their conical
form, elevated apex and in their being marked with from fc :r to six
radiating furrows. In two of these casts the apex is nearlj- central,
but in the other two it is placed very near to the anterior end, and
these latter approach rather nearly to tlie A. horealis, Morton (sp.),
•especially to the specimen tigured undei- that name by Prof. Whitfield
on plate 12, fig. 23 of the " Palioontology of the Black Hills of Dakota.''
Moreover, in each of the specimens collected by Mr. McConnell, the
radiating furrows ditter both in numiier and in their relative position.
In one of the casta, too, there is a distinct and rather prominent ridge,
which extends from the beaks backward to the posterior end of the
base, and this is quite wanting in the other three.

In reference to Colorado specimens of A. centrale, Dr. C. A. White
makes the following remarks, which are quite as a])plicable to those
from Old Wives Creek. " This species seems to be at least as distinct
from any of other published forms as the^^ are from each other, but
specific variation in this genus is evidently very great. Indeed, I

48

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL/TONTOLOOT.

think one cannot examine the original types of the piibliished species
and the collections subsequently made, together with the original
descriptions and illustrations given by Mr. Meek in the publications
of the United States Geological Survey of the Ten-itories, without
entertaining serious doubts whether more than two or three out of the
seven published species of this genui from the Cretaceous strata of the
United States are well founded.''

1

4'

LuNATiA coNCiNNA, Hall & Mcck. (Sp.)

Xtitiai conci)nM, Hall »Ji Meek. ISoti. Mem. Am. Ac. Arts & So. Boston, vol. V.,

p. 384, pi. 3, figs. 2a, b, c, d.
Ndlica Morcaiknais, Meek i^c Hayden. 1S.50. Trans. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. VIII.,

p. ()4 v.'i ib., p. L\SL'.
Xalim (Lmuitia) ifovi'aiiitinis, Meek Oc Ilaydon. ISOO, lb., vol. XII., p. 4-'L'.
Luiuiti'i I'oncinnti, Hall »S:' Meek. (Sp.) Meek. Rep. U. S. Geol. Ten'., vol. IX.^

p. ;514, pi. 32, iifrs. 11a, b, c

Elbow of the South Saskutchc • an, — also Blood Indian Creek, north
of the Kotl Deer Bivoi- and twenty miles east of the Hand Hills, Prof.
J. .Maeoun, 1879 : one good specimen from the tormer locality, and two
remarkably Avell preserved and large examjiles from the second.

The Natica obliquata of Hall and ]\[eek, specimens of which were
collected by Prof H. "^'oule Hind at Two Creeks, on tlie Assiniboine,
in 1S58, is probably only a variety of this !^|)ecies.

!i

Anchuka Americana, Evans and Shumard. (Sp.)

EoMiIlariti Amerlcatiu, Evans and Shumard. 1S.")7. Trans. St. Louis Ac. Sc, vol.

I., p. 42. (Xot. \i. Avu i-lcana, il'Orhigny, 1826.)
Aporrhuh Ammcava, Meek and Hayilen. 18(10. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. XII.,.

p. 423.
Anchura [Drepanocht'dm) Amrkamt, 3Ieek. 1804. Smithson. Check-List N. Am.

Cret. Foss., p. 10.
« " " Mock. 1870. Rop. U.S. C.ool. Surv. Terr.,

vol. IX., p. 325, plate 32, llj^'s. S, a, b.

South Branch of the Saskatchewan, Prof. H. Youlo Hind, iS58.
I'oss Ci-eek, near Irvine Station, on the Canadian Pacitie Eailway, R. G.
McConneli, 1883; three specimens. Old Wives Creek, Township 10,
Eange 11, west of :>rd Principal Meridian (two or three fragmentary
examples), and North Woody Mountain, on a branch of Old Wives
Creek, in Township (!, liange 4, west of the same Meridian, R. G.
MeConnell, 1884 ; live tine s])ecimens.

1

]

iwSi^-?

^iljf^i^-^^.tt, T-

WHITEAVE8.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

49

1

The Hpecimens collected by Prof. Hind, whidi -ire in the Museum of
the Survey, arc extremely small, hut those since obtained by Mr.
McConnell are much largei-, .ind one of them is almost julult and
shows part of the expandetl outer lip.

Vanikoropsis Tuomeyana, Meek and Ilayden. (Sp.)

Natica Trnvicijanu, Meok and Huydon. 1.S5G. I'roc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. VIII.

p. 270.
Niitlcopm ri(omf(/anrt, Meek and Hay don. 18(i0. lb., vol. XII., i>. 423.
V(mikoro]ms Titomit/ana, ^look. 1870. Rop. U. S. Cu'ol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p.

332, pi. 39, flgs. 2 a, b.

Three miles north of Eoss Coulee, near Irvine Station, on the Cana
dian Pacific llailway, T. C. Weston, 1884; four or five specimens.
These are not more than half the size of the type of the species figured
by Meek, and are probably not full grown shells, as they have not

developed the "large, strong, oblique folds or plications" ''on th

body volution," which are said to characterize the adult shell.

CEPUALOPODA.

Baculites compressus, Say.

BacuUtes comprcuKW, Say. 1S21. Am. Jour. Sc. & Arts, vol. II., p. 41. — ^Morton.
1834. Synops. Org. Rcui. Cret. Gr. U. S., pi. 9, lig. 1 ; and
Jour. Ac. Nat. So. Phil., vol. VIII , p. 211.— Hall and Meek.
1854. Mem. Amer. Ac. Ails iV Sc, Boston, vol. V. (N. S.) p.
4()0, pi. 5, fig. 2 and pi. (J, ligs. 8 and 9.— Meok and Haydon.
18(10. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. XII., i). 421.— ]Moek. 1876.
Rop. U.S. Gool. Surv. Torr., vol. IX., p. 400, iil. 20, tigs- 3,
a, b, c.

fipf^ek twelve miles east of White Mud Eiver (or Frenchman's
CVcuk) and White Mud Eiver near the 49tli Parallel, also East Branch of
the Poplar Eiver, on the 49th Parallel (the place mentioned on p. 107 of
Dr. Dawson's " Eepoi-t on the Geology and Resources of the region in
the vicinity of the 49th Parallel " as that " where the Wood or Woody
Mountain Astronomical Station was established "), G. M. Dawson,
1814, II. M. North American Boundary Commission. Elbow of South
Saskatchewan, Prof .1. Macoun, 1879. Bow Eiver, below Horse Shoe
bend, and Belly Eiver, live miles above Coal Banks, G. M. Dawson,
1881. St. Mary Eiver, west of Mac Leod-Benton Trail, E. G. McCon-

August, 1885. 4

..,1JD«.^,wa».«vai.n

50

CONTBIRUTIONS TO CANADIAN I'AL/KONTOLOUV.

M

'fi-

ll;

\f'

nell, 1S81, — and Bell}' Eivor, twenty-two railos and a half above the
mouth of the AVaterton, R (i. MeConnell. 1882. Milk River Ridge,—
and Eed Deer River, above crossing of Lord Lome Trail, R. G. MeCon-
nell, 1882. Ross Creok. near Irvine Station, on the Canadian Pacific
Railway, R. G. McConnoU, 1883. Bull Pound Creek, Sections 3 and
15. Township 26, Range 14, west of •4th Princii)al Meridian ; Battle
River, Township 38, between Ranges 12 and 13 ; and Berry Creek,
Township 25, Range 12: .1. H. Tyrrell, lsS4.

The speciTaens from these localities ajipear to correspond well with
the pubiisl.od descriptions and figures of 5. comj>resHus, and are charac-
terized by their strong lateral compression, by their neaily smooth
surface, and by the acute primary lobes in each septum. On page
107 of his British North American Boundary Commission Report, Dr.
Dawson has quoted BacuUtes oratus as occun-ing also :it Wood Moun-
tain Astro.iomical Station, but the specimens thus identi 'ed, which are
in the Museum of the Survey, seem to the writer, on the whole, to
accord better with the characters of B. compressus, though some of
them appear to be almost intermediate between that species and
B. oratus.

Bacilites uRANDis, Hall & Mock.

7>((r«/7(.'»j/r(nirfi.«, Hull and !Meek. 1854. Mom. Am. Ac. Arts I'i 8c., Boston, vol.
V. (N. S.), p. 402, pi. 7, flt's. 1 and 2; pi. S, liixs. 1 and 2; and
pi. (i, fij.'. 10.
:\Eeek. 1870. Rep. U.S. Gool. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. :iD8, pi. 33,
tig.s. 1. a, b, c, and woodcut fig. .53.

East Fork of Milk River, in drift boulders, G. M. Dawson, 1874,
II. M. North American Boundary Commission : two largo specimens,
the moat perfect of which measures three inches and a quarter in its
diameter, as measured from the siphonal to the antisiphonal side, at its
largest extremity, by two inches and a half in its maximum lateral
diameter.

According to Dr. Dawson,* '• the valley of the East Fork of Milk
River, where it crosses the Line, is wide and trough-like, with scarjjed
banks about forty feet in height. The clitt's are composed entirely of
drift deposits, and it maintains this character as far up and down as I
have been able to examine it. Many fi-agments of Cretaceous fossils
and large masses of fossiliferoiis ironstone, are found in the bed of the
stream and in the clay banks ; and so large a proportion of the drill is
formed of the i-edistributed matter of the Cretaceous day-shales, that
it seems probable that they exist here at no very groat depth. Bacu-
Utes f/randis in among the fossils, and was not elsewhere observed; there

• licp. Geol. and Res. Reg. Vie. 49th Parallel, p. lU.

■»a(l'.-^>y-.

WMlTEAVes.]

l.AaAHIE AND CRETACEOUS INVEBTEBRATA.

51

are also a few species which are probably derived J'rom the lower beds
of the Tertiary."

Specimens which appear to differ from those from the East Fork of
Milk Eiver only in being a little smaller, have since been collected at
the following localities. St. Mary River, eleven miles above its mouth,
G. M. Dawson, 1881 ; and Belly Kiver, near the St. Mary iliver, R. G.
McConnell, 1881. South Saskatchewan, opposite Swift Current Creek,
E. G. McConnoU, 1S82 ; and Lome Crossing of the Red Deer River,
Section 24, Township 25, Range 16, west of 4th Principal Meridian,
J. B. Tyrrell, 1884. None of the specimens fcom these localities,
however, shew the septation anf) ho nee there may be a doubt whether
they are correctly referred to ' .:ndis or not, but choy seem to ditt'er
from the Baculites hero referred to B. eompressus in being thicker later-
ally, in having the antisiphonal side distinctly flattened, and in being
marked by coarse and distant transveise undulations.

ScAPHiTES AHYSSINUS, Morton. (Sp.)

AmmoniteH abymnw, Morton. 1841. .Tourn. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. VIII., p. 209

pi. 10, lis5. 4.
Scupldtes Mundanenmsf, Meek «Sc Hayden. 1856. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. VIII,

p. 281.
■Scaphihs abi/ssinus, Meek & Hayden. 1860. lb., vol. XII., p. 420.

« " Meek. 1876.Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 441, pi.

35, iigs. 2a, b ik 4.

White Mud River, about twenty miles west of the crossing of Wcjod
Mountain and Cypress Hills trails, R. G. McConnell, 1884: one perfect,
adult and well preserved specimen, which is niuch more like Meck's
figure 2a of S. abijssinus on plate 35 of his "Report on the Invertebrate
Cretaceous and Tertiary Fossils of the Upper Missouri country, in
volume IX. of t)\e U. S. Geological Survey of the Territories," than it
is to Morton's tigure of the type of that species.

Milk
i-ped

ply of
as I

fossils
the

Hft is
that

fiacu-

Ihere

ScAPHiTES NicoLLETi, Morton. (Sp.)

AmmoniU:* NicoUetii, INIorton. 1841. .louru. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phi!., vol. VIII., p. 20!J,

pi. 10, tig. 3.
" " Owen. 1852. Keii. I'. S. Geol. Surv. Wiscon., Iowa and

Minn., pi. 8, fig. 1.
Scaphites ( Ammonites) comprimis, Owen. 1852. lb., p. 580, pi. 7, fig. 4.
Scaphiti:s NicoUetii, Meek ».<: Hayden. 1856. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. VIII.,

p. 281.
iSciiMten Nicolhiii, Meok. 18"(). Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 43."j, pi.

34, figs. 4a, b, c iS; 2a, b.

Creek twelve miles east of White Mud River (or Frenchman's Creek),

«

!!

I

h

1

i)2 CONTRIHUTIONS To CANADIAN PAI-.KONTOLOdY.

CI. M. Daw8on, 1874, II. M. North Amoricaii I'oiindary Cominiswion :
one Avoll proscrvod but im])ortbot spocimon. Old Wives Creok, Town-
ship 10, IJani^o 11, west of Ilrd Principal Mori<lian, i*. (r. McConnidl,
1884 : two nearly perfect specimens, wliich in this instance correspond
better with Morton's figure of the type of his A. Nicolletii, than with
Meek's subsequent illustrations of the same species.

ScAi'HiTES NODosus, Owen.

Scuphitcs (AmmoniU-s .') iiodom.^, Owen. 1852. Rep. Gool. Siirv. Iowa, Wiscon.

and Minn., p. .")S0, pi. 8, l\fx. 4. — Meek i*c Ilayden.
1860. PrcH'. Ac. Nat. Sc. I'hil., vol. Xn.,p. -IL'O.—
Meek. 1870. Rej). U.S. ( ieol. Surv. Terr., vol IX.
pp. 42(i-4;'>0, pi. 25, ligs. la, b, c ; 2a, b, t; ; and
lis.'. 4 : also jil. 2(1, figs, la, b, c.

South Branch of the Saskatcdiewan, Prof II. Youlo Hind, 1858 : two
imperfect and n« i very hirgo specimens. Elbow of the South Saskat-
chewan, Prof. .1. Macoun, 1S79 : one tine specimen which measures
nearly tive inches in its maximum diameter. South Saskatcliewan,
mouth of Swift Current Creek, R. G. McConnell, 1882 : one specimen
nearly- as large as that collected by Prof, ilacoun. West end of the
Cypress Hills, E. G. McConnell, 1883 : a medium sized example.

SCAPHITES SUBOI.OBOSUS. (X. Sp.)

Plate 7, tig. 3, and plate 8, all the ligures.

Shell strongly inflated, subglobose but narrowly and deeply umbili-
cated in the centre, attaining to a large size, the largest example col-
lected, which is entirely septate, being nearly five inches in its maxi-
mum diameter, while the maximum breatlth of its aperture, which is
identical with the greatest lateral convexity, is three inches and a half.
Volutions broadly rounded on the periphery and middle of the sides,
but much more narrowly convex on their inner or umbilical sides,
inci-easing rapidly in breadth laterally, but not so rapidly in diameter-
from the siphonal to the antisiphonal side, — closely involute and so
deeply embracing that the whole of the inner ones are concealed, except
in the largest individuals, in which a considerable portion of the last
volution but one is exposed in the umbilical cavity: umbilicus about
one-fourth of the entire diameter, with steep sides and an obliquely
rounded and ilWetined margin. Aperture transversely reniform,
nearly twice as broad as high and rather deeply emarginated by the
encroachment of the preceding volution.

f

I

1

4

/;

WHITtAVES.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEllKATA.

53

Siirfuoo inarkod by traiisverso aiul iioiii-ly Htraii^lit rihs, wliicli iii-
creaso in niimbor either by l)ifiircati()n or iutei-calation, especially in
half grown and very young sholls, so that there are often twice or
periiaps three times as inauy on the ct'ntro of the periphery as on the
nnihilical margin. In specimens which measure about two inches in their
greatest diameter and in still smaller ones, there is a row of distantly
arranged small nodes on each side near the periphery of the outei* volu-
tion and a faint tendency towards (ho same kind of sculpture around
the umbilical margin. In the largest specimens, however, these rows
of nodes are entirely obsolete. Soptation, as far as it can be matle out.
apparently very like that of Sraphitcs noilmus.

East Branch of the Poplar liiver, on the 4!Hh Parallel, (the locality
where the Wood Mountain Astronomical Station was established) (i.
M. Daw.son, 1874, H. M. North American Boundary Commission : one
large but rather imj)erfect specimen. Old Wives Creek, Township 10,
Range II, west of 3rd Principal Meridian, R. (I. McCN)nnell, 18S4 : one
large and nearly perfect specimen and several others varying from less
than one inch to two inches in their greatest diameter.

The characters which are most relied upon tor the separation of this
species from S. nodosus, Owen, are the much greater size of the former
and its more nearly globose form. The septation of both of these
forms, indeetl, appears to be much alike, and very young shells of S.
sub(jl(jbo!iUS have a somewhat similar sculpture to S. Conradi, but in
large individuals of the former the ribbed surface of the outer volution
is entirely free from nodes.

[imbili-
le col-
ma xi-
ich is
la half.
sides,
sides,
Imeter
,nd BO
xcept
last
[about
uely
|form,
th&

I

Placenticeras PLACENTA, Dekay. (Sp.)

Ammonites placenta, Dekay. 1828. Ann. N. Y. Lye. Nat Hist., vol. ii., j). 278,
pi. 5, tig, 2 (o by mistake). — Morton. 1 82!). Jouru. Ac. Nat.
So. Phil., vol. VI., p. 195 ; and Am. Journ. Sc. and Arts,
vol. XVIII., pi. 2, figs. 1, 2 and ,3 ; also, 18^4, Synops. Org.
Kem. Cret. Form. I'. S., p. 30. pi. 2, figs. 1 and 2.

Placenticeras plaonlii, ISIeek. 187(). liep. V. 8. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. -tO."),
pi. 24, figs. 2a, b.

South Branch o^' the Saskatchewan, Prof. II. Youle Hind, 1858.
White .Mud River, (or Frenchman's Creek) on the 49th Parallel, G. M.
Dawson, 1874, II. M. North American Boundary Commission : one
large and characteristic fragment. Blood Indian Creek, longitude 111°
west, Prof ,1. Macoun, 1879 : one large specimen and two or three
fragments. St. Mary River, near its mouth, G. M. Dawson, 1881 : one
specimen which measures upwards of seventeen inches in diameter,

i

M

CONTUinUTIONS TO CANAniAN PAI-<T!ONTOI,Oay.

and Bully River, west of St. Mary Ilivor, (i, M. Dawson, 1881 : two
I'ragnionts ; also, St. Mary River, west of MacLooil Henton ti-ail, R. C!.
McConnell, 1881, three ;,'no(l fxaniitlos, averaj^iny altouf six inchos in
iliamotcr. I^ako south of Milk River, (a larire frai,'ment) and South
Saskatchewan, opposite Swift Current Oi-eek, (a laru^e and perfect
specimen fifteen inches in dianictoi-) R. (i. McConnell, 18S2. Red
Deer River, ahove crossing of Lnid Lmiie trail, R. G. McConnell, 18H2,
(one large fragment) and .1. B. Tyrrell, IS84, a similar hut smaller
specimen.

Placentkeras placenta, var. inteiicai,are.

I!

f Ammonilio »i/rtaliD,'}>lortoi\. 18u4. Synops. Or^;. Rem. Cret. <ir. U.S., p. 40,

pi. PI (14 by luistiiko), tig. 4.
Ammunilii^ plao'iita, var. intircitlitrin, Mook Oc llay<len. lS(i(». I'rue. Ac. Nat. Sc,

I'hil., vol. XII., p. 117.
f Ammonites Tiimulicits, B\an{oril. M.S. S. 18()2. Mem. Geol Surv. India, vol.

VI., p. 118.
? AiiimonitcK Gwululoupn', Stoliozka. 1805. Palipont. ludica, vol. I., p. ilO, pi. 47,

fij.'s. 1 and 2, and pi. 48, li^'. 1. Not .1. Gwt-

(hilnuptv, Rd'uier.
I'hwentic<rai>plaecnUi,\ax. inlcrml<irc,yieKik. 1876- Rep. IT. S. Geol. Surv. Terr.,

vol. IX., p. 408, pi. L'3, li).'s. la, b, c

St. Mary's Iiivcr, near its mouth. G. M. Dawson, 1881 : a nearly
perfect and exiiuisitely preserveil specimen, about five inches and a
half iu diameter, with the test preserved. In this specimen the double
row of small nodes or tubciclcs whitdi forms the outer boumlary of
the periphery and the single I'ow which encii'cles the utubilicus on
both sides of the shell are moderately well developed, but the row on
the outer half of each of the sides is almost obsolete. Berry Creek,
Township 25, Range 12, west of 4th Principal Meridian, J. B. Tyrrell,
1884 : one imperfect sjjecimen, in which all the rows of nodes and
tubercles are fully developed.

WHITIAVti.]

LARAMIK AND CUETArKOCH INVERTKHRATA.

56

D. FROM THK BI^ILLY RIVBK SHRLKS.

Dr. Dawson's views on tlio stnitigra|)luc;il position of tlio '• Molly
River Sorios " are fully stateil in pages 11S-12(! (', of the Report of
Progress of the Canadian Survey for 1882-><3-S4. It is there
explained that this name has been used to designate a considorahle
thickness of bods wiiiih occupy a position below the shales of the Fort
Pierre (rroup, or at least below an upper portion of those shales. The
beds of the " Holly River .Series" are ostuarine throughout, and differ
in this respect from those described as occurring below the shales of
the F<)rt l^iorre (rroup in the Missouri region proper. Owing to the
ditforencos between the section in the Mow ami Uelly region ami that
on the Missouri, the exact stratigraphical position of the •' Molly River
Series " was for a long lime considered doubtful, but Dr. Da\/80n has,,
on stratigraphical gi-ounds, become convinced that it occupies the
liorizon assigned to it in his i-eport. It may be added that Mr. R. CI.
McConnell, who assisted Dr. Dawson in the geological work, fully
concurs in this opinion.

In the cour>o of the explorations two sots of beds were at tii-st
distinguished, and those wci'e provisionally rocogni/.od as the " pale '
and "yellow " scries respectively. These have now boon united under
the name " Helly liiver Series," tho first named being the upper and.
the second tho lower part of tho series. It should bo stated, however,
that while (according to iJr. Dawson) the evidence is indubitable and
prociae as to tho fact of the position of tho pale or upper portion of
those shales, that at!ecting the yellow or lower bods is somewhat less
definite. Tho bearing of all the facts is discussed in the report above
cited, and need not be repeated. ^i^

The moUuscan fauna of tho pale or upper beds is comparatively
scanty, though vertebrate remains, whi(di have not yet been reported
on, are somewhat abundant. It is unfortunate that the rather exten-
sive collection of moUusca made fi-om these bods by Mr. T. C. Weston
at a locality in Milk River Ridgo which provotl unusually rich in
fossils, and which was specially revisitetl in 188:5 for the purpose of
collecting them, was subseijuently lost in transit. The yellow and
supposed lower bods often contain great quantities of moUuscan
remains, and a number of species are represented.

* In this connection it seems desirable tostato that nil the notes on tho stratigraiihicnl posi-
tion and lithuloKicul iieculinrities of tho formatiuns mentioned in the present piiper were supplied
by Dr. G. M. Duwson. Judgini; by their respective invertebrate fauna-, it would soeni impracti-
cable to separate the " Uelly River Scries " from the Laramie and more especially from tho
" .Judith River Uroup," on purely palii-ontoloKical evidence. (J. F. W.)

5(i

rONT(lllllTri)NS TO rAM.Vnr.VN l'.\T-.K(iNTnI.OOY.

(1.) KllnJI IIIE I'.VI.K nil I'l'I'Ell I'ORTHI.V ny THE SeIIIES.

LAMKLI.llJRANOIllATA.

Ostkea (ir.AnuA, MooU and lIiij'diMi

:

< 1'

(Till' syMiiiiyniy of this Mpocios and rotbroiuos to tlio publiciitumH in
w liuli it WUH desoi'iijoil will bo found on piii^o '),)

\oar rmll's Head, I{. (i. .NfcCouiiell, ISS.'! : a iiiunboi- of dotachod
valves on a sjabor limostono. SasUatcbowan (!oal Minos, n oar Mod i-
fiiio Hat. T. C. W'osion, ISS-l; abiiuduMt.

OsTBEi* si;nTiiici(tNAi.is, l'".vaiis ami Sbiimard.

(For rofoi'onees to Ibo publications in which this Hhidl was doscribod
and tijjfurod, see also pago 5.)

W'oodworth JIImc, Modiiino Hat, 1{. G. McConnell, 1SS3: from tlio
base III' thiH portion of tlu' sorios, common and associated with tho
proi'odinn' spoeios.

<•" .

w

h » ir

' I'

Pteiua (Oxvtoma) Nebkascana, Evans and tShumard. (Sp.)

(For vctbrenees to publications in whioli this spocics wa>< described
see pai,'o .'il.)

m\k IJiver Ridn;o, R. G. McC .noil, 1882 : a cast of a loft valve,
with a considerable j»ortion of tho test preserved.

Mytilis si harclatus, Meek and llayden.

}fiitilu!' fidiarcniiliis, 3Ic.ek and Hayden. lS5t>. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Pliil. vol. VIII.,
1.. 27(1.
" " Mock. 1.S7G. Kep. U. S. Gool. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. (i9,

pi. :]8, tij,'s. 2a, b.

South Saskatchewan, ciijjht mile-; below the Red Deer River, li. G.
McConnell, 1883 : a few small but jyorfoct specimens, the largest of
which is not more tlian twelve raillimotres o." about lialf an inch
in length.

\

TT"flirT^iBi

■*HITI*VI«.J

I.ARA.«IK tNii (!iiieXAr||(*UB INVKIITBIIRATA.

i>t

L'HENILLA (^?) I'ARVULA. (X. Sp.)

rialui), liii. 1.

< »

/

Slioll smsill (i)r tlio i;-i'iiii^, (ii-*siiiniiii; il to lie a ('rrnc(la) iipparontly
not oxci'oilirii,' ii qiiiirtfi- ninn im-Ii in lenj^th l>yono-thii'd loss in hoiu;lit,
moiliTalcly iiiflali'il Imi very luinM in the iinilional ivi,non, lateral
(nitliiie ti-anvfi'scly olli|iti(' naliovatc, very naiTow at tho aMtei'i<ii* eml
XMil in<'i't'asinii; i-a|)i(lly in brcailtli, or ratlior in lit'iii;lit, to tlio posterior.
Anterior Hide oxtreinoly Hinull, its ni!ira,in Hiilitruneatod almost verti-
cally under tho boaUs : p isterii.r side mueh lonj^er and broader, its
extremity regularly rounded. T 'iilcs anterior, teriiiinal and reeurved.

Surfiieo nearly rtmooth and marked only wit i very tino and close set
eoneentric stria-, whiili are not visible witliout tlie use of a lens.
Cbaraclers oftlie interior ot'tlie vu'vos unknown.

Length of the largest specimen folleeted, -liX millini .Lres ; maximum
height of tho same, four mm.; exact thicdcness tli i igh the closed
valves not ascertainable with mudi accuracy.

Milkllivei'Ilidgo, R. G. McConnell, lsy2 throe perfect sing' valves,
"with tho tost ])res(\rvod on each.

It is possible that this little shell should be placed in Coni-ad's genus
Arcoperiui'-'' rather than in Crcnella. If radiating stria- or costa- or a
•cancellate sculpture arc essential cliara"tcrs of the latter genus, then
it is clear that the present shell cannot be a Cnnelld. The only North
American species to which tho C. (?) parvula licars much resemlilance
is the Modlola ijranulato-costetlata of EtEnier,t from the Texan Creta-
ceous, but this latter shell, as its specitic name imjilies, has the outer
surface of the valves marked with numerous, equal and granulated,
railiating linos. Judging iiy the published figures, the Crcnella
■elei/antiila of Meek and IIayden,;|: from tho Fox Hills Group of Deer
Creek and the Yellowstone River, is as broad or high anteriorly as it
is posteriorly, and its ^urf.i v< said to be marked with bifurcating
radiating stria-.

• Am. .loiirn. Concli., vol. I., p. 140. pi. 10, fig. 14.
t Die Krciili'liildiiiKteii von Texas, |>. .'il, |.l. 7, ligs. 12 n, 1), c.

J MeeU. IW). llep. f..-^. (!o»l. Siirv. Ten-., vol. IX., Rep. Invert. Cret. and Teit. Fuss. U.
Miss. C.V., p. 75, pi. 2.S, figs. i>, 11, b, c

! 'i

I I

58

CONTRtBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL-BONTOLOGV,

Anodonta proi'atoris ? White.

u

Plate 9, figs. 2 anil 2 a.

It

Anoduntu prop(tlorl.i, White. 1S77. Bull. l'. S. Geol. Surv. Torr., vol. III., p. fiOl.
" " Wiiite. 1S80. r. S. (ieol. Siirv., Contr. to Pal, Nos. 2-8, p. CI,

pi. 24, fijrs. 2a, b, c ami d.
" " White. 188:!. K,«\'. Xoii-Maiino I'osa. Moll. N. Am., p. 2a,

pi. lit, lii;s. ti, 7, 8 and it.

Forty-nintli Piii-alloi. six miles west of tlio iii-st ov South Branch of
the MiikEiver, (i. M. Dawson, 1874, H. M. North American Boun(hiry
Commission : one ijood specimen. Big Island bend, on the Bell}'- IJiver,
G. M. Dawson, 1881 : a tew badly preserved casts of the interior of the
sliell. Milk- River Rid^^e, R (i. MeConnell, 1882 : six casts of the
interior of tiie united valves, with large portions of the thin test
preserved. South Saskatchewan, eight miles above the moutii of the
Red Door River. R. G. MeConnell, 1883 : abundant. Rod Doer River,
Township 21, Range 12, west of 4th Prineipal Meri<lian, R. (r. MeCon-
nell. 1883: two small easts. Near Bull's Head, R. G. MeConnell,
1883 : throe casts of the interior of the adult shell.

The characters of the interior of the valves are not at all clearly
shewn in any of the specimens from these localities. The hinge line
appears to have been thin and edentulous, iiut it is impossible to ascer-
tain definitely whether the j)allial lino had a sinus or not.

The form and surface markings of the exterior of the shell, which is
nearly all that the Canadian specimens shew, are as much like those of
the so-called Thracia .' suhtortwisa of Meek* as those of Anodonta pro/xt-
toris, anil it is not at all unlikely that some if not all of the fossils now
under consideration should bo referred to the lormor species rather
than to the latter.

All the sj)ecimens collected by Dr. Dawson and Mr. ^[cConnell prior
to 1883 wore at tirst and tor a long time supposed by the writer to bo
conspecific with T. subtortuosa. This opinion, too, seemed to be con-
firmed by the circumstance tirst that their tests showed scarcely any
traces of an inner nacreous layer, ami secondly b}- the fact that at
Milk River Ridge tiiey wore obtained from a series of bods which hold
ATactra alta (which occurs with T. suhtortuosa at the mouth of the
.ludith J{iver in Montana), and such other marine types as Pterin

X

' Rep. U. .S. (icol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 223, pi. M, (ig. 5.

(t***:^

Poo
. -o,

WHITEAVE3.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVEETEBRATA.

69-

Nebrascana, the Crcnella juirvula hero described, iind an undoscribed
gasteropod belonging apparently to the genus Aporrhais or Anchura.

On the other hand, at each of the localities at which those fossils
were collected they are invariably and directly associated with numer-
ous examples of one or more species of Unio, and at the South Sas-
katchewan and near Bull's ireml with large Physn: All the specimens
of the present shell, too, which Mr. McConnell obtained at the South
Saskatchewan in 1883, and which have most of the inner layer of the
test preserved, are brilliantly nacreous, and young individuals, from
more than one Canadian locality, are remarkably like Dr. AV^hite's
figures of the young of A. propatoris.

Unio prim.evus. White.

Unio prinurrm, White. 1877. Bull. U. S. Gool. Siirv. Terr., vol. IIF., p. 509.
" " Wliite. 1.S80. U. S. Geol. Surv., Contr. to Pal, Nos. 2-8, p. 70,

pi. L'!», figs. 3a and b.

Wliite. 1883. Rev. Non-Marine Foss. Moll. N. Am., p. l>6, pi. 14,
figs. 4 and 5.

Branch of East Fork of ^lilk River, Township 1, Range 27, west of
3rd Principal Jloridian, R. (}. McConnell, 18S3 ■. one specimen with
both valves, but with most of the outer layer of the test exfoliated.

Unio Dan.e, Meek and llayden.

Unio Dana-, Mook and Hayden. 1857. Proc. Ac. Xat. Sc, Phil., vol. IX, p. 145.
" " ^loek. 187(>. Rep. U.S. Gool. Surv. Terr., vol. TX., Rep. luv. C'rot.
and Tert. Foss. U. Miss. Cy., p. 517, pi. 41, %s. 3, a, b, c.

South Shore of the Belly River above Coal Banks, T. C. Weston,
1883 : four specimens, which are very variable in form.

Unio consuetus. (N. Sp. ?)

Plate 9, figs. 4 ami 4 a.

Shell rather large, moderately conve.K, ( the maximum thickness
througli the closed valves as compared with their height being about
as three to Hve) transversely elongated, a little more than twice as
long as high, very inequilatei'al, the anterior side being extremely short,
and the posterior much produced ; superior and inlerior borders very

ill >

GO

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL.KONTOLOGr.

T. .1

nearly paviiUol for iho greater i)iirt of thoir length. Margins of both
extremities evenly r lundcd in som-" Hpecimens. but in others the jios-
terior oiul is bluntly pointer! just below the middle. ISnporior border
descending obli(iuely. convexly and abruptly in front of the beaks,
nearly straight and horizontal, but slightly convex behind them : ven-
tral margin also nearly straight except at the immediate extremities, —
ajiparently never concavely arcuate near the centre ; sides of the valves
also never concave near the midlength below. Beaks very small,
dcjiresscd, ill delined and approximated, placed very near the anterior
margin liut not ([uite terminal.

Surface markeil with the usual concentric lines of growth. Ilingo
dentition unknown.

Dimensions of the most porfci t specimens collected: length, one
hundred and tifteen millimetres, or a little more than four inches and a
half: height of the same, tifty-onc mm. In this indivi(huJ, which is a
little distorted ami twisleil to one side, the valves are partially open, so
that the exact thickness through them is ilitlicult to ascertain, but in
another specimen which a|)|)oars to belong to the same s])eeies and
whose valves are closod, the maximum height is fifty millimetres, and
the greatest thickness of both united is about thirty.

The species attains to a still larger size than thi.s, for a cast of the
interior of the v.-dvcs tVom another locality measures fully one hundred
and tbirt^'-tive millimetres in length, by sixty-tive in height.

Milk Eivor Ridge, R. G. McConnoU, 1882 : one very largo and nearly
])crfect cast of the interior of both valves. Red Deer River, Township
21, Range 12, west of 4th Principal Meridian, U. G. McConnoll, 1S83:
one perfect specimen with the whole of tlio test pre>erved, three imper-
fect but well ]ire>erved specimens, and one cast of the interior.

Some casts of a large C^nio, which are probably also referabU> to this
species, were collected by G. M. Dawson in 1874, six miles west of the
first branch of the Milk River, while attached to II. M. North Ameri-
can Boundary Commission ; also, in 1881, on the Bow River, ten miles
inloAv Grassy Island, — and by Mr. McOonnell, in ISSiJ, on the South
Saskatchewan, eight miles above the mouth of tlie Red Deer River.

.So few jterfeci specimens of lhis shell have yet been obtained that its
sjiecific relations are by no means idear. The specific name suggested
for it, which must be regarded as purely provisioiud, is intended to
convey the idea that its (diaracters are of a very ordinary kind and
ones that are shared by it in common with many fossil and recent
-species of Unto. It may bo onl}- an unusually largo variety of (/nio
Baniv. but appears to be propoi'tionately broader in the direction of its
height than that shell is, its ventral margin is not distinctly arcuate,
if at all, and its Hanks are never shallowly concave near the midlength

%

'^If-^!f:

WHITEAVES.]

LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS iNVERTEBRATA.

61

below. The typo and only specimen known of the [Jnio Albertensix of
the "Willow Creek Scries," descrihod on paf^^e 3, looks very much like
an immature shell, and it is not impossible that U. consuctus may
ultimately prove to be the adult state of that spei'ies. There is
also a considerable resemblance between the only perfect specimen
known of f/. consuetus and the fJ. Couesi of Dr. C. A. ''Vhite, as Hu;ured
on plate 27 of his "Contributions to Pahi'ontoloj^y," (Xos. 2-8)
published at Wasliington in 1880, under the auspices of the U. S. Geo-
logical Survey.

Hinge

Si'H.i;rii:.m '-•ormosuai ? Meek and Ilayden, Var.

Piute it, fig. 3.

if

Cycto /onno.*f, Meek iuul Hayden. 185(1. Proc Ac. Nat. Irfc, Phil., vol. Vlll.

p. 115.
Cijcldn frayilix, Meek and Ilayden. lb.
SijhiTiumformonuni, ^neok and Ilayden, 1800. lb., vol. XI 1. p. is,").

" « " " " Ci. M.Dawson, 1875. Eep.Geol. and Ros.

Vic. 4itth Parallel, p. lli».
" " Meek. 187(). Kep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 52t;.,

pi. 43, figs. 4, a, b, c.

Shell small, moderately convex, most prominent above the middle, in
the umbonal region, a little longer than high ; anterior side short and
narrowly rounded ; posterior side broader and slightly rounded or very
faintly subtruncated vertically, or at nearly a right angle to the poste-
tior end of the hinge line, at its e.Ktrcmity. Superior border straight
and nearly parallel with the ventral margin behind the beaks, —
descending abruptly, oblicpiely and somewhat concavely in front of
them; ventral margin broadly and regularly rounded; umboncs tumid,
beaks obtusi-, raised very little above the highest level of the hirre
margin and placed slightly in advance of the nuddle.

Surface marked with nimieruus, minute, close-set and regularly dis-
posed concentric, raised striie, which can scarcely be seen v.-ithout the
aid of a lens ; also by a few distant lines of gi-owth. Hinge ilentition
and muscular impressions unknown.

Length of the most j)erfect specimens, six millimetres and a half ;
maximum height of the same, five mm., and a half.

Ed. Mahan's Coulee, G. M. Dawson, 1881 : apparently abundant but
very badly pi-eserved. Belly River, eight miles above Coal Banks, T. C.
Weston, 1883, a few single valves.

By an accidental oversight no mention was made of this little
Spfuirium in the enumeration of the fossils of the " Westei-n Laramie"

G2

CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALAEONTOLOGY.

in section A, on page !). It, however, was Hrst discovered on tlie Second
or North Branch of the Milk River, in IS'74, by G. M. Dawson, as
stated in his British Noi-tli American Boundary Report, in rocks
which ho has since designated as the St. Mary River Series.

ft is doubttul whetliej' tliis Sphwrium should be regarded as merely
a local variety of the S. forinosum, or as a distinct species. As compared
with Meek's dcscri]ition oi' S. formosum, the specimens collected by Dr.
Dawson and Mv. Wcst(»n are not nearly so much pointed at the poste-
rior end of tiie base, nor so ()bli([uely truncated posteriorly, and the
caiiUnal mai-gin. in the Canadian specimens, is more nearly parallel
w ,h i.o ventral.

Mactra (Cymhopiiora) alta, Meek and Hayden.

Mucliv ultti, Meek and Ilayden. 1856. Proc. Ac. Nat.Sc. Pliil., vol. VIII., p. 271.
}I<wtm{CiimhophoT<i)nlt<i,'Slev:'k. 1S76. Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p.
210, pi. 37, fif,'.-. 2, a, b.

Milk River Ridge, R (<. McConnell, 1882: five or six large single
valves.

CoRBiLA siBTRiGONALis, jNIeck and Hayden.

Corliula sulitrifjonalin, Meek and Haj'den. 18,36. Proo. Ac. Nat. Sc, I'hil., vol.
VIII, p. 110.

Corhvld (Pofiimomija) .fnhtrigorKtllx. Meek and Ilayden. 18G0. lb., vo'.. XII., p. 432.

Cofl'Ula mlitnijorMHnj'Sltiek.'iHUj. Rep. U. S. Geol. Snrv. Torn, vol. IX., p. 529,

pi. 40, fifrs. 3, a, b. lUustrated also on pi. 19,
ii-rs. 10-17, of Dr. C. A. Wliite'.s Rev. Non-
M.iriue Foss. Moll. N. Am.

Peigan (reek, Township T, Range 6, west of -Ith Princi^ral Meridian,
R. (t. McConnell, 1SS3 : a small pioc? of rock containing a few de-
tached valves of this species.

CoRBULA PERUNDATA, Mook abd Hayden.

Coi-linla pirwvlatcf. Meek and Hayden. 1856. Prob. Ac. Kat. Sc. Pliil., vol. VIII.,
p. 116.
" " Meek. 1H76. Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 530. pi.

40, tigs. 4 a, b, c, d.

With the preceding, of which, as already remarked on page 9, Dr. C.
A. White thinks it only a variety ; — also near thelJ. S. Boundary line,
on a branch of the east fork of the Milk River; at both places collected
by R. (i. McConnell in 188:5.

I

I

V

.V'>s^--

WHiTEAVEs] LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBRATA.

63

GASTEROPODA.

I

Physa Coi'EI. "White.

J

V

Ir. C.

Ilino,
Ictcd

Pkim Coixi, White. 1877. Bui. U. 8. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. III., p. t;()2.

" •' 1880. IT. S. Gool. Surv. Terr., Coutr. to Pal., N<i.s. 2-8, p. .S5,

pi. 24, tigs. 4 a and b.
" " 1883. Itev. Non-Mariuo Fo.ss. Moll. N. Am., pp. 43, 44, ])1.

25, figs. 1 and 2.

South Saskatchewan, eight miles iibovo the mouth of tho Red Deer
Eiver, R. G. McConnell, 1883 : a t'e\V8peeimon8 witli the test pi-eservod.
Near Bull's Heail, same collecloc and date: two large casts of the
interior.

Imperfect spoeioiens of a few additiona' species of gasteropoda, whioli
4ire either too i)adly preserved to be determined, oi- pi'opcrly character-
ized if now, were obtained at various localities from this subdivision of
the Belly Kivor Series.

One of those is an elongated, s))iral and evidently marine shell, frnm
3Iilk River Ridge, which is most likely the young of u new s]iecies of
Aporrhais or Anchiira, but which may be a Sealaria. It has at least six
rounded and ventricoso shells with a deep suture, and its sculpture con-
sists of strong and straight ribs, which cross the volutions transversely
but somewhat obliouely, and there are no indications of any sjiiral or
levolving markings.

A second elongated, spiral shell, which occurs in the Belly River
above Coal Banks and at Milk River Hiilge. may be an extreme varietv
of Goniobasis temiiearinata, or perhaps a new species of Sinronema.
It also has about si.x very vcntricose whorls and a dee])ly excavated
suture, but its volutions are sub-angular above, and the sculpture of its
later whorls consists of four small spiral raiseil ridges.

Fragments of a large Vivlparus which is probably ('. Conradi
were collected by Mr. McConnell in 1883 on tho South Snskatchewan,
ciglit miles above the Red J^eer River and on the Red Deer River,
while tmmerous pci feet opercula, which resemble those of Vivipanis and
Campeloma excej)! in l>eing smaller, thickeranil apparently calcareous,
were obtained by Mr. T. C. Weston in the same year from the Belly
Eiver, eigli' uiles below Coal Banks.

'

p *'

if

SI

04 contributions to canadian i'al.kontology.

(2.) From the Lower or Yellowish and Banded Portion of

THE Series.

LAM IvLLIBEANCHIATA.

Anomia micron kma Me'^k,

Axomi'i micnnh ma, Meek. 1875. Bull. U.S. (ie<>\. ^nvv. Terf.,2n(l St>r, No. 1, \>. 4;!.

" " Meek. White. 1880. L'. 8. tieol. Surv. Terr,, < .. tr. to Pal.,

Xo^ L'-S, i>. ■>?, pi. 2."v .irs. L>, ■„ 1 , e, u Illtislr 'ed also on

pi. 12 (fljjs. (i-11), of Dr. White's ICev. ^'on- Marine Fo.ss. N.

Atii. Wash ill; 'ton, 188:;.

South da.<katehe\\'.Mi. half a mile bolow the foi-ks of the J?ow and
Belly Rivera, T. C. Wo-iion, 1S83: one pvrfoet we U-prescrvri! specimen
i)f the uppoi- valve.

Ostrea ulaha, Mock am! ir,i> i!on.

(The full synonymy of this speciosaml vt'f>rcnces to the publications
in which it w;>.s describeil are given on i)age5.)

South Saskatcliewan, one mile below the mouth of th>' Bow Eivei-,
tr.M. Dawson, 18S1, andT. ('. AVe.> !on, 1S83; also .South Saskatchewan,
f-i.x niiles below the tuouth of Eow River, and thirty-tivc feet above
the watei- level, G. M. Dawson, 1881. Xorth Bank of the Milk River,
five miles below Pa-kow-ki ( 'ouk'o, aiul south bank of Milk River, above
Pa-kow-ki Coulee, forty and a hundred feet above the water level, G-. M.
Dawson, 1881.

Abundant and associated with Corhu!<i subtriiioualis and C. perundata
At each of these localities. Some of the specimens are very typical,
others belong to the variety arcuatilis, .Meek, and one from the South
Saskatchewan comes very near to the 0. inornata of .Meek and llaydo'i
from the Fort Pierre Group.

Anodonta parallela ? White.

Anodonta parallda, White. 1878. Bui. U.S. Geol. Surv- Terr., vol. IV., p. 709.

" 1880. I'. S. Geol. Surv., Contr. to Pal., Nos. 2-8, p. 62,
pi. 24, flg. 3 a.
« " White. 1883. Rev. Kon-^Iarine Foss. Moll. N. Am., p. 23, pi.

19, lig. 5.

South Syakatchewan, one mile below the mouth of Bow River, T. C.
Weston, 1883 : one imperfect and badly preserved specimen, whose
identitication with the above named species is consequently somewhat
doubtful.

:.

^"^ -

A).
p. 62,

23, pi.

T. C.

'hose
rhat

.

WMiTEAVES.] LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEBR.VTA. 03

Unio I'RIscus, Meok and Hayden.

Plate 10, tig. ;}.

Uwio princun, Meek and Haydon. 185C. Proe. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. VIII., \). 117.
" " Meek. 187(i. Hop. U. S. Geol. Surv. Torr. vol. IX., p. r)10, pi. 4:!, tljis.
8 a, b, i% d.

Belly River, two miles aliovo VVoodpeckei- Island, G, M. Dawson. 1881 :
an impe. feet but boaiitifully preserved right valve, which is almost
certainly specitically identical with tlu; similnrly imperfect specimens
iVon^. the Laramie of the Simris Kiver District, already referred to this
species on pages 2(J and 2".

The "small, very regular, concentric wrinkles "' on tlie beaks and
" the two small, raised radiating lines which exteml from the back ])arl
of the beaks oblic^nely backwaril and downward across the postoro-
dorsal region of the immediate umbones," which, according to Meek,
are among the distinguishing characters of ?7,y*mcH,s, are extremely
well shown in most of the specimens from the Canadian Laramie and
Belly River .Series. Both of these characters, liowever, are said t(i be
common to U. priscus and to the U. cetustus of Meek from the Besu- River
Laramie, but on page 105 of the U. S. Geo!. Surv. of the 40th Parallel
under Prof Clarence King (Washington, 1877), Mr. Meek states that
he has "long suspected " that the latter shell " may possibly be iden-
tical '■ with the former.

A pei'fect but very immature specimen of a Unio collected ly Mr,
Weston in 1883 from the South Saskatchewan, one mile below the
mouth of the Bow River, which measures only eighteen millimetres in
its greatest length, and which is tigurcd on plate 10, is possibly also
referable to f. priscus, though it agrees quite as well with the descrip-
tion of U. vetustus and even better with the figures.

Unio J3an.k, Meek & Hayden.

Unio Dunx, Meek & Hayden. 18,57. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc, Pliil., vol. IX., p. 14.").

" Meek. 187(1. Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 517, pi. 41, ti-s.
13, a, b, e.

Belly River, north-west angle of Driftwood Bend, G. 31. Dawson,
1881 : abundant, typical and well preserTcd.

August, I880. 5

;

66 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN I'AL.KONTOLUUV.

Unio Dewetanus, Meek ^ nayclen.

Vnlo Denriiiinii", ^leck it llaydon. 1S')7. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc Pliil., vol. IX., p. 145.

" Moi'k. 18(17. Rop. r. S. (Jeol. Siirv. Toir., vol. IX., p. 51!), pi. 41,

iiv's. 2, a, 1>. «'. Illustratoil also on pi. 17 (tigs. 4 ami 5) of l>r. C.

A. White's Rev. Non-Marino Poss. Moll. N. Am. \Va.shinjjton,

lS.So.

Soiitii SaskatcJR'wan, one iniie liek)w the nioutli of the Bow River,
T. C Westoi). I8f^.'{ : a tew rather imperfect speeimens.

As ahvatly staled on page <!, Dr. C. A. White is of tlie opinion that
/'. Deirei/anus is only a variety of U. Dawv.

Uxio sui>RA(irnB08irs. (N. Sp.)
Plate 10, ti^'. 1.

Sliell oomprissed at tiie sides, the maximum convexity hoing apj>ar-
ently less tiian iialf tlic greatest height, though all the specimens so lUr
<ollectedare more or less crushed laterally, — rather tumid a little behind
the mid-length and below tiie middle in some individuals, so that the
outline of a section through the centre of the closed valves at a right
angle to their length would be very nearly lenlicuhir : a little longer
than high, and very inoi^uilatoral : lateral outline obliquely and broadly
subovate : sajJCi'lor bonier gibbous bi'hind thelieaks: posterior end of
thebiise always somewhat pointeil. Auicrior side VL'vy short, itsnuirgin
abruptly and more or less broadly rounded or receding obliquely and
abru])tlyinwal•d^ and downwards from a little above tiie ni'ddle into the
base below; posterior side much longe.' than the anterior, its extremity
obliquely truncated above and in the middle and narrowly roumled or
bluntly pointeil at the base below. Superior border broadly and con-
ve.\l} arched behind the beaks and probably wingeil when <[uite perfect :
ventral margin bioadly semiovate, usually much straighter behind than
in front : umbonal region not distinctly defined as such and tlatteneil
laterally; beaks small, iiu'onspicuous, dej)ressed considerably bolow
the highest level of the superior border, and placed very near the
anterior end but not (|iiite terminal.

Surface concentrically striated. Jlinge dentition and muscular
impressions unknown.

Dimensions of the most perfect specimen collected : ma.ximum length,
sixty millimetres: greatest height of the same, about forty-six mm.:
approximate thickness through the closed valves, about twenty mm.

4s.

' '^-'^fV^W'-'f-'

I

1 .

WMITE«VE9.

I.AKAMIE AND f'RETACEOI S INVEKTEBRATA.

(i7

South Saskatchowaii, one mile In-low tlic mouth of tho Bow JliviT,
T. C. Wostoii, ISS.i: six iieai-l}' peH'i.'ct but .somewhat ilistoi-ted
specimens.

The lateral outline of this shell is a little like the young o.\ani]tleM of
Unio f/on/o/w^/.s ligureil hy JJi'. C A. Wliite on plate 2(5, tigs. 2 e, d, e, of
liis "(Jonti-ibutions to Paheontology." Nos. 2-8 (U.S. Gcol. Surv., Wash-
inglon), hut tho posterioi- and ]>ostero-hasal margins of the latter
species are repre-^entcl as coai'sely plicatcil an<l its su|)Ci'ioi' border as
tbrming a sul)aiigu!ar Junction with tho postorioi- mar'.'in beliiml. Tho
])rcscnt species also seems to be nearly related to tho l^. Haijileni of
3[eek from tlie Bridgor Group of Wyoming,

Unio sexectl's. White.

./').

t

Plate 1(1, ti-. 2.

I'li'm Kcmdiis, White. 1S77. JSiill. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. III., p. (iOo.
" " " ISSO. f.s. Geol. Surv., Contr. to I'al., Nos. 2-S, p. (ii), pi.

2.S, tijis. 1 a, b and c.
" " White. ls.s;i. Rev. Non-Marine I'ess. -Moll. N. Am., p. 20, pi. 1!>,

tl^'s. 1,2.

South Saskatchi'wan. one mile below the mouth of the Bow River.
T. G. Weston. IS.S.i: one s|iecinien which measures seventy millimvtres
in its greatest length by forty mm. in its greatest heigiil,and tive small
.specimens the largest of which is thiity-six millimetres long and twenty
high.

The largest individual collected at this locality seems to ditfer a little
from tlio type of I'.sene^tus first figured by Dr. White in being suli-
triincated somewhat obliquely at the ])osterior margin rather than
.regularly rounde 1. and some of tho smaller examples (such a.' tlie one
lopresentel on plate 10) have both umb >nal sloj)es on oa(di valve
lather distinctly detineil. These slight and apparently inconstant
variations from the normal l()rm, however, are obviously not of
specific im))ortance.

CoanrcuLA ocoidextali.s. Meek and Hayden.

■icular

jngth,
mm.:
Iim.

(Uefercnces to the publications in which this species was described
are given on page 7.)

North side of the Milk River, tive miles below Pa-kowdd Coul(5e, G. M.
Dawson, 1881 : a number of woll-preservod and nearly perfect single

68

f'ONTBIBlITIONS TO CANAIHAN l'AI,.KONTOt,0<lY.

valvos whiili aro ail qiiito omptv and wliow tho liinj^o dentition, nuisuii-
lai' improssions and tiio small shallow subanj^ular pallial sinus vt'iy
cloarly.

Tho spo'imons from this locality are sli^^htly diH'oronl in sha])o from
those from the " Western Laramie" mentioned on page t, but tho Cor-
biculcc from tho Milk Ilivor aro also almost oxactly iMtormodialc in
thoir charac'tors bctwoon C. occidentalis and C. ci/theriformis.

"J

i

Si'H.K.aiUM KORMosi M ? Moclv and llaydim, Var.

(A description of this shell, with references to the publications in
which S. formosum was describoil, will be found on page Gl.)

Belly 'vor. oast side of Driftwood Bend, G. M. Dawson, 1881.
South Saskatchewan, one mile below the mouth of the Bow River, T.
C. Weston, ISSS. A few single valves from each of these localities.

CoRBULA sunTRiGOi^ALts, Mcck and Ilayden.

Corfiula Ki(htri(ioHitliy,'M{wkimd'H.i\yiUm. 1S50, Proc. Ac. Niit. Sc. Piiil., vol.
VIII p. IIO."

Corbula {PoUimomiia) Kiilitrigonalis, Mook and Hayden. 1860. II)., vol. XII., p. 432.
Corbula mhlrignnalin, Meok. 1S7I). Rop. T'. S. Geol. Surv. Torr., vol. IX., p. r)29
pi. 40, iijis. 3, n, li.

" " White (as of Mock). 1880. U. S. Geol. Surv., Contr. to

I'lil., Xos. 2-8. p. 80, pi. 2'), figs, (i, a, 1>, c, d, o.

" " Wliite. 1883. Rov. Non-Marino Foss. N. Am., p. 3(i, pi.

1!», fl.L's. 11-15. ,

Belly liiver, east side of Driftwood Bend, and Belly Eiver ncai- its
junction with tho Bow Bivor, CI. M. Dawson, 1881. South Saskat-
chewan, six miles below the mouth of How Bivor and thirty-five feet
above tho water level, (J. M. Dnwson, 1881. North side of Milk Biver,
five miles below I'a-kow-ki Coulee, and south side of Milk River, one
mile above the mouth of Pa-kow-lci Coulee and forty feet above the
water level, G. M. Daw.son, 1881.

South sitle of the Saskatchewan, one mile below the mouth of the
Bow River, T. C. Weston, 1883. Abundant at each of those localities.

-'>

I

iH

m

pi!iyi>K.uitoi~

'h

•iTiAvia.]

I.AIUMIE AM) (!RETACEiU;,s IN VEKTEIJRATA.

69

1

CoHHt'LA PERLNDATA, Mook and Iluydc'U.

Ciirhiiln ixmndata, M(M'k and Haydcii. \s:>{\. Trot'. Ac Nivt. So., I'liil., vol.
VIII., p. 11«.

" " ^look. 187(i. Iti.p. U. S. Geol. Siirv. Terr., vol. IX., p. .'ilJO,

111. 40, fi^s. J, a, 1), c, (1.

Crock "aliout fburtoen iniloH north-oiiHtward from the most oiiHtern
<tf the Three Huttos,' (r. .M. Diiw«oii, 1874; very abundant: nee i)ai-e
122 of Dr. Dawson's '• Ifeport on the (Geology and I{o80iirco8 of the
region in Ihe vieinity of the Korty-ninth Parallel. Abundant also nt
all the localities at which C. mhtrigonalis has yot been collected at thia
horizon in the " Belly Kiver Series." As already stated on page 0,
Dr. C. A. Wliite thinks that C. piriiii'/ata is not speeiticallj' distinct
from ('. subtrujonnlis.

-';/-

(lASTKROPODA.

ElIYTOPIIORUS (?) OLABER. (N. Sp.)

Plate 10, tigs. 4 and Aa, h, c.

Sliell (when adult or nearly adult) ovately subfusiform, its length
being about twice its maximum breadth : spire conical, moderately
elevated : axis anil base imperforate. Volutions about six, increasing
^rapidly in size, those of the spire obli(iuely compressed at the sides,
tlie one next to the body whorl being moderately convex and the
earlier ones much loss so: suture lightly impressed. Body whorl lai'go
and long, though its length is rarely or never quite twice as great as
its maximum breadth, obliquely compressed next to the suture, most
prominent and somewhat shouldered a little above the middle, below
which it narrows gradually into the more or less j)ointed or very nar-
rowly I'ounded base. Aperture e). rigated and narrow, pointed both
above and below, but most acuteiy so above : columella bearing at
least one fold, which is prominent; oblique and situated at a short dis-
tance from the base : outer lip thin and apjmrently simple.

Surface polished, nearly smooth, mai-kcd only bj- minute and parallel
lines of growth, which are faintly, minutely and shallowly curved
backwards immediately' next to the sutui-e. Test rather thin.

I

70

I (iNTItlllUTIONS TO r VNADIAN Al .KONTlH.<K)V,

Lon;fllM)riiii ;ivi'rft!,'o sizwl adult sinnir'i.n, iwoiity-niiu- millimotroM:
maximmn lii-omlth of tin- ^iumo, tith'i'ii in; i l"rii^tli ot'tlio IkmIj whorl,
twoiity.

Bolly liiviT, I'iist siili> of Driftwood Bond, and Holly Uivor iioar iln
juiictioM with tlio Mow IJivor, (r, .M. Dawson, ISS). South nido of tho
Milk iJivcr. oiio mile al>ovo l*ri-kow-!<I <'oiilt'o and forty foot iiliovo tho
watoi' k'vol, (i. .M. DawHon, ls><l. Soiiiii Sa>^kaloliowaM, ono milo
bolow tho nioiilh of Iho How U'ivor, T. ('. Woston, ISS.!. .\i)|)arontly
conunnn at eaoii of tlioo looaiilios.

At Di'iflWDod Bond a niiinlior of ^pociinons wore fuljootod wliii'lj
ajipoai' to lio vory youni; or half thrown nIioIIs of this spocios. Those
ditl'or from adidt or nearly adiill oxainplos in hoing narrowly fusiform,
with an attomiatod ami oxiromoly slonilor spiro not uidiko thai of an
Acella. Onoot' those, wluoh is timirod on plate 10, tig. -ic, and whioh
inoasiiros alioiit ton inillimotros in length, has as many us nevon volu-
tions, the Hrst throe of whieli ai'o ((xcoediiigly slondor, fragile and
apparently non-persistent. The liody whorl also ot' those half grown
shells is often eoneavoly imt -hallowly coMstrictod next to tho suliiri'.

Tlds shell is vwy doul)tfully and only provisionally roforrod to
Mook's genus R/it/top/iornti. It ilitl'ors materially from tho two dosci'ilied
and typieal species ( tho A', /irisfiis of Mook and tho R. Mcfhl of White)
in the total absence of tho ''sniall, oljlii|Uo, short tolds around tho toj) of
tho sonii'what shouldered whorls" whioh suggested tlie generic mime and
which may or may not he an essential character. According to Meok''^
" a sliglit curve in those little folds or costa- indicates tho prosonee of
a faint sinus in tho lip near the suturo. somewhat as in Selvzostoma,
Lea, but much less deeply ilotined." and tho typo species is said to
have "one rather sti'ong oblique fold'' on tho columella below, "and a
much smaller less oblique one about liiilf way up the aperture." In
tho present spocios there is u similar slight curve in tiio lines of growth
next to tin- suture, and a correspondingly obli(|ue fold in tho columolla
bolow, but the aperture of all tho specimens is so much tilleil up with
the matrix that it is at present imitossible to ascertain whether there
was a second fold or not, without great risk of injury to the specimens.
It may be that the present shell is more nearly related to the South
Amei'ican fresh water genus Chilina than it is to Rhytophorus.

I

* U. S. Ueol. E.xpl. 40th PaniUel under Prof. C'Iftrcnce King, vol. IV , p. 175.

'«

WHITIAVII.j

hAHAMiK AMD CHKTACEOI tl INVERl KUHATA.

71

PlANOKIIIS I'AL'CIVOLVIS. (N. ,S|>.)
I'liUo 1(1, tijf. .").

4

Slioll vory siuall, ili-<i'iiiiliil, lliiii, nearly Hat or slii,'htly coneavi' uu
<»iio skit' iiinl apparently >nnit'\\iial luori' cuiivex iioar tlio cifciiiiili'i'-
otU'O and (loprossod in tin- eoiitrc <»n llio other. VDliitions four, slender
and imreasin^' vory slowly in size, Ihoir dorso-ventral diunioter lieintc
not nmeh j^roater than their lireadth from sido to nido,— ^closely coiled
luit not vory ileei)ly einhracinti:, so that the greater part of all the iiuu'r
whorls is oxi)osod to view, at any rale on the leli or tlaltonod side. ISody
whorl ant^iihited at tho junction of its loft or thittonod side with the
]ieriph(!rv.

Surface niarUinifs unknown, the outer layer of the test being oxfolia-
ted in the only perfect specimen collected.

Maxiniuin diameter of tho largest spociraon, about two millimetres
and a half: greatest breadth of thosame. a[iproxiinately, three-quarters
of a millimetre.

Belly Hiver, near its junction with the How River, (i. M. Dawson,
18Ht : two small ami vovy badly preserved specimens. South Saskat-
chewan, six miles below the mouth of liow Eivor and thirty-five toot
above the water level, (i. .M. I)aw-;on, 1S81 ; one apparently iulult and
nearly ])ortbct specimen and a smaller one.

The only perfect and tolerably well preserved example of this shell
that lias yet been obtained has most of the right side buried in the
matrix.

Physa Coi'EI, White.

rityfii Co/n i, White. 1S77. Bnl. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. III., p. ('>02.

" " 18S0. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., ( "ontr. to Tab, Nos. 2-8, p. So,

pi. 24, lij-'s. 4a and b.
" " 1S,S3. Rev. Non-Marine Fo."- . Moll. N. Am., pp. 43, 44, [A.

2.'), fi<,'s. 1 and 2.

Belly River, near its junction with the Bow River, G. M. Dawson.
1881: one very small specimen. South Saskatchewan, six miles below
the mouth of the How Hiver and thirty-five feet above the water level,
(r. M.Dawson, 1881: an embryonic example not quite three milli-
metres in length. South Saskat(diewan. one mile below the mouth of
tho Bow River, T. C. Weston, 1888 : a full grown imlividual, more
than an inch and a lialt long.

72

CONTBinUTIONS TO CANADIAN 1>AI,,K0NT0L0UY.

Thaumastls lijin/kiformis, Moek ami Ilayden

7)'«//'7ni'.'<Z/m»<ri/"on»ii«,Moek andlliiyilcn. 1S56. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol.
VTII., ].. 118.

Itii/imiis Xihranccnsis, Mook and Hayden. lb.

'HinnmnnlHH Umnaiformw, Meok. 187f). Ko]). U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p.
55;!, 1)1. 44, figs. H, a, b, c, d.

South Sa8kaf('lio\v!in. six milos above the nioutli of l$ow IJiver and
ihirty-tivo foot abovo the water level, G. M. Dawson, 1881 ; one nearly
])erfeet specimen witii the test preserved, and twelve casts of the
interior of the shell.

The specimens from the Western and Souris Jliver Laramie which
have been rcfoi-rcd to T. liiiniceiformis on pafj;os 20 and 27 iiave some-
times as many as seven volutions rather than " from five to six," though
in other respects they agree very well with Meeks descrijition of that
s])ecies, especially in theii- polished surface which is said to be marked
oidy '• b^' very fine, nearly obsolete lines of growth," in their mode-
rately elevated spire which is rei)resented as " a little obtuse at the
immediate ajiox,'' and in the fact that their apertures and spires are
nearly equal in length.

Premising that Thaumastm (Albers) is only a subgenus of BuUmulus
(Leach) it is also to be noticed that the spires of such .specimens as
those figured on plate 3, whose nuclear whorls are exf|uisitely pre-
served, arc much more like those of man}' recent species of Bullmulns
from the West Indies and South America, when c.Kamined under a
lens, than they are like those of any of the living species of Goniohasis.

Dr. C. A. White, to whom the originals of tiguros .'5, .'{a and 3b on
plate 3 wore submitted, was at one time inclined to think that they
shoukl possibly be i-cgarded as a variety of the (i oniohcufis invcnusta of
Meek and Hayden, but if that view be correct, then G, incenusta, as
suspected by Meek, can scarcelj' be a true Goniohasis and probably not
even a fresh water shell. It may bo that T. Umnoiifonnis, G. inrenusta
and l/miniva compai'tilis, Mock, are more closely allied, both generically
anil specifically, than their names would lead the student to supi)ose.

The specimens collected by Dv. Dawson from the Helly Biver Series
on the South Saskatchewan evidently belong to tho same species as
those from tho Western and Souris Rivei- Laramie, though those from
the first mentioned locality are a little- larger and their spires are
rather more pi-oducod in proportion to the entire length of the shell.

\

ilfC

1

i

WHITEAVE9.] LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS fNVERTEHUATA. 73

VeLATELLA KAl'TISTA. Wllitl'.

Viiiitrlla haplisia, Wliito. 1S7.S. Bull. U. S, (ieol. Surv. Terr., vol. IV., p. 715.

1H8(I. I'. S. Gecil. Snrv., (Vmtr. to Pal., Nos. 2-.S, p. 8'J,
pi. 21t, iij:.*. () a, an<l I).
" " Wliito. 18.s:!. Rov. Xoii-:MariiK' Tosh. Moll. N. Am., j). .52, pi.

23, fi-is. l(i-L'o.

Cnul6) '"about fourteen miles nortli-oasiwanl tVom the most eastern
of the Three Buttos." near the Fofty-nintli Parallel, G. ^l. Daw.son, 1874,
H.M. North American Boun<lar}- Commission. Tlie place mentioned
on page 122 of Dr. Dawson's •' Eejiort <>n the Geology ami Resources
of tlie region in the vicinity of the Forty-ninth Parallel." kr.

Belly Eiver, east side of Driftwood Bend, and Belly River near its
Junction with the Bow River. G. M. Dawson, ISSl. South Saskatchewan
six miles below the moutli of the Bow River, G. M. Dawson. ISlSl.
South side of Milk River, one mile above the mouth of Pfi-kow-kl
Coulee, G. M. Dawson, 1881. South Saskatchewan, one mile below the
moutii of the Bow River, T. C. Weston. 18S3. Apparently common at
each of these localities.

Some of the specimens corresj)ond almost exactly with Dr. White's
descri])tions and figures of the type of V. /^ayyf/s/a, though tlie callus ou
the columeilar side and the outer lip seem to be thickened t() an unusiuil
degree, while other individuals can scarci'ly be distinguished from the
very nearly related Velafella jiatelli/orwifi of Meek.

Melan'IA ? iNsriLPTA, Meek.

Plate 10, fiL'. (i.

Melanui? imculptu, Mook. 1873. Rep. V. S. Gecil. Surv., p. 5)5.

Gnniohanh iimculptn, G. M. Dawson, as of Meek. 1875. Ki'p. Gool. and Res. rci.'.

vie. Korty-nintli Parallel, p. 122.
Melauia f inncidpta, M(H'k Wliite. ISSO. V. S. Geo]. Surv., < 'ontr. to Pal., No.s. 2-8,

p. Ill, pi. 20, li^'. 4 a,
Mi'laxid iiiKcnljila, White, (as of Meek) 18S3. Rev. Non-Marine Foss, Moll. N

Am., ]). 54, pi. 2(i. ti<rs. 4 and 5.

Coulee '"about fourteen miles north-oastward from the most eastern
of tlie Three Buttes" and near the Forty-ninth Parallel, G, M.Dawson,
1874, 11. M. Xorlh American Bound.-iry Commisson : four sj tvimeiis.

South Saskalthewan, six miles below the mouth of How River and
tbir'.ytive feet above the water level, G. M, Dawson, 1881; two line

(|8»«:

V*

74

CONTBimiTIONS TO CANADIAN PAL.KONTOLOGY.

examples, one of wliicli is nearly perfect, and fully an inch and a lialf
in leng'tli. North side of Milk River, five miles hclow PadvOW-l<i Coulee,
— and south side of MilUEiver, one mile ahove the mouth of Pu-kow-ld
Coulee and forty feet above Ihe water level, CI. M. Dawson, 18S1 : several
specimens t'roni each of these localities.

Dr. ('. A. White's figures of this species, which arc the only ones yet
publisheil, are taken from imjierfect specimens, and do not yive ijuite
as clear an idea of its characters as Mr. .^^eel^'s oriu'lnai description dfios.
The specimen from tiie South Saskatchewan represented on jjlalc 10,
is nearly perfet't and has nine voliitiuns preserved.

(toniobasis sfUTORTUosA, .Mcck and Ilayden.

I 'late 10, IIl'. 7.

M<lnni<( snliii,duii---ii, JTecU and Ihiydeii. Is"i7. I'roc. .\c. \at. Sc. I'liil., V(il. IX.,

]>. l.".(i,
Goiiiobiinig .' suhtortuoxii, Meek. Is7(i. llcp. I". S. GimiI. Siirv. Terr., vol- IX., p. "iiilt,
lijrs. 7'i and 7(> in text and |il. 4"_' lijrs. 17, a, b.
" " White (as „( Meek). ISsU. U. S, (uiol. Surv., Contr. to

I'al.. NV)s. L'-S, p. <)4.
" " White (iis of Me..k). iss;;. Kev. N.Mi-.Maiine Foss. Mdll.

N. Am., p. ■"■)7, pi. -7, 11,1.'. M.

Shell elongate conical, the length being abont twice :is great as the
maximum !,readtli, the apical portion rather slender : volutions six oi
seven, increasing somewhat gradually in size, those of the spire pro-
mineiii aiigiilated an<l bearini:' a »iuall but di-^tinct spiral keel
a little below '.lie middU' of their exposed surfaces, tliis keel
being bordered iieneath by a narrow groove which is well detined on
the last whorl of t lie -pire but which becomes less distinct on the
body-whorl : suture tleep in consec^uence ot' the prominence and angu-
larity of liie volutions. Body-whorl very little less than one half the
entire length, and a little broader than long, angnlated and distinctly
keeled just above the middle. obli(|uely tiattt'ned betwet>n the suture
iind the keel and stroiiiily cunxcx at the base: axis ini|jerfor;ite or
very nearly so. A])erture rhombic subovate, pointed above and nar-
rowly rtumded below.

Surface marked with close-set, regularly disposed and >omewhal
tlexiioiis striations which cross tlie whorls transversely. Iiiit with no
revolving markings other than the >piral i<c(d, except one or two very
laint and distant lines on the body-whorl near the keel.

Length of tbf most perfect specimen collected, eighteen millimetres:

4

T

WHITEAVE9.

l.AKAMIE AM) (JRKTACEnUS INVERTEBRATA.

75

- ^ »■

iiiuxinuim broiidtli of tlio siinio, us mousuroil across the contrc of the
li i(ly whofi, ten mm. : loiigtii or lu'ight of body-whorl, not (juito nine
mm.

Relly Riv'or, tAvo miles above Wood |)oc leer Island, — and Belly River,
east side of Driflwood Mend, G. .M. Dawson, 1;-S1, South Saskattdu-
wan, one mile abuve the mouth of the Bow River, T. C. Weston, 1S8">.
Apparently not unfre([uent at eaeh of these loealities.

The desi'i'iplion given above and the figure on |)late 10 are both
taken from an unusually perfect and well preserved specimen collected
by Mr. Weston on the South Saslvatchewan. In Mi-. Meck's diagnosis
of the cliaracters of 6r. suhtot ■■'sa the number of volutions is said to be
'• about live" and his measui-einenls and tigui'cs ol' that shell ilo not
correspond at all well willi (he pioporlions and conlour of ihe Cana-
dian specimens. Dr. C A. Whiti', iiowever, who has kindly coni])ar»'d
the fossil oblaiiu'd by Mr. Weston with the specimen described and
tigui'ed by Meek, informs the writer that the former is " without doubt
the fr. (?) suhtortu'Mi of Meek and Ilayden," and adds that Meek's
type of that sj)ccies is " ini|ierfeet and partially crusheil," and tlnit it
would not warrant a detinit(> dclermiiiation of the number of whorls.

The only species with which thi^ |iresent sir.d! is at all likel\ to be
confounded is the Cassiopella titrriculd of White, l)Ut the latter is slated
to have nine or ten volutions, its base is said to bedistinctly umbilieatcd.
and the spiral keid which encircles its spire is repiesenteil as placeil
considerably below the middle of each whorl.

It i-i (litli'Milt to sec how Cr. suhturtmisn can lie separated generically
from such living species as the (1. ai'ufocari.'iata of Lc:i and other forms
belonging to that section of the genus.

llvjniolilA -.1 BCYI.INDRACEA. (N. Sp.)

Piue 10, lit;. S.

Idiat

no

lery

res :

t

Shell very small, narrowly eliiptic-subovute, rather slentlor, the length
Itoing about ono-thini greater than the maximum breadth : volutions
five, those of the spire s»i gently convex, theirsidos being compressed
somewhat oblic^uely ; last whorl of the spii-e nearly or (|uite eipial to
the body whorl in breadth or convexity; Huture distinct: spire about
twice as long as the aperture and rather obtuse at its immediate apex.
Body-whorl compartitivcly narrow, s\ibcylindrical above an<l imperfor-
ate at the base: aperture <.!)liiiuely subovate, somewhat pointed above:
outer lip simple and rather thin.

Surface stmtoth and polished.

:

f!

16

CONTRIBUTtOJJS TO CANADIAN PAT./KONTOLOOY.

Greatest longth, throe mill! mot rt-.s and a half: iiaxiiaum hroadth or
convexity, a little over ono mm. : lon<jjtli (or height) of body-whorl,
alioiit <jne mm.

Belly River, east side of Driftwood Bor.l, G. M. Dawson, 1881:
one nearly perfect specimen with the tof-t pi-eserved. North side of
Milk Eiver. tive miles below I'u-kow-kl Couk'o, G. ,M. Dawson, 1881:
a cast of the interior of tiie shell.

This little species appears to be much slenderer than any of the
North American fossils which have been referred to the genus
Hydrobia with the exception of the FT. rectit ^f White,* and the latter
shell has a totally ditf'erent outline to the pi-esent one, is said to attain
to a length of eigbtet-n niillimelres and to bavo apf/iwently twelve or
more volutions.

Vivii'Aiujs ( (i.NKAUt. .Meek and ilayden.

Pabid'mn CoiimrU.yU'(^kAiv\ iliiydcu, ]s.-.»i. I'roc Ac Nat. 8c. Phil., vol. VIII.,

ji. li':.'.
" " Meek and Haydeii. IStiO. Hi., vol. XII, p. 1S5.

" '• Mock, 18/ii. Rep. U. 8. Gool. t^iirv. Toir., vol. IX, p. oTit, pi. 42.

tigs. 1"), a, li, c, d.
" '•• Whito. (a^^ol'^b uudH.) l.S.sn. U. 8. < icol. Surv. (/out-- to Pal..

Nos- 2-s, 1 1, loo.
" '• White (as of ^[. and II.). LSSa. llev. Non-Mariuc. loss. N.

\\\\.. p. (11, |il. 24, ligs. 4, .") and (i-

South Saskatchewan, six miles below the mouth of the Bow Kiver
and thirty-five feet above the water level, G. M. Dawson, 1881 : lai-go
and abundant. Smilh side of ^^ilk River, one mile abf)ve the montii of
Pa kow-kl ( 'oul(5e and forty feet above the water level, G. M. Dawson,
1881 : one specimen. South Saskatchewan, one mile below the mouth
of the Bow River, T. (". Weston, 188;5 : not untroiiuent.

.«

J

k

* Deseribedon i>. 132ol' Poweir.< Rep. on the tieolouy t\i the I'intii Mountiiins, and figured on
plate 27, li>r :«, of Dr^ C- A- Wliit(''s Ucvicw of the N'un-Marine Fossil .Molhisea of X. America-

III.:

li':

t

whitea.es.]

LARAMIE AN1> CRETACEO INVERTEnRATA.

YT

.*

Campeloma MULTiLjNEATA, Meek & Hayden.

Pahidina multilmeata, Meek anilllayden. 185(i. Proc. Ac. Nat. So. Phil vol VIII
p. 120. ' "

Viripara mtUtUinenlu, Meok and Ilaydeii. IHe.i lb., vol. XII, p. 85.

Vivipara Nehrawmch, Meek and Hayden. l,',(3(i. lb., p. 43(1.

Melavtho mulfdhunUu', Meek. LSU3. In I'rcf. Gill's paper on the Vmpurkhc, Proc.
Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. XV, p. 7.

Campelomr: mvllilinmta, Meek. 18ti(i. In Conrad's Smithsonian Eocene List.

Meek. 187U. Pep. U. 8. Geol.Snrv. Terr., vol. IX., p. .^)86
pi. 44, %.s. 1, a,b.

White, uis of M. it II.) ISSO. 1-. 8. Geol. Surv., Contr. to
Pal.,Nos. L'-S, I,. 101, pi. 28, llgs. 4a, b.

White, (as of M. ct II.) IJev. Non-Murine, Foss. Moll.
N. Am., ]). O;;, pi. 27, %s. 1-7.

Belly Elver, east side of Driftwood Ik-nd,— and South Saskatchewan,
six miles below the mouth of I'ow Kivcr and lhirt\-live tect above the
water level ; G. .M. Dawson, lo81 : a i\'^v more or" loss perfect speci-
mens from each of these localities. North side of Milk Eivcr, five miles
below Pa-kow-ki Coulee. G. M. Dawson, 1881 : two well preserved
e.xamples.

■Some of the specimens ti-om the ]5elly iJiver show the "slight ang-u-
larity at the distal side of the larger volutions" indicated in D° White's
latest tigui-es of tJ)e species and liis explanations thereof, but those from
the South Saskatchewan are moiv like the type originally ligured by
Meek and some are very near in their character to C. vetula, which
however, Meek thought might be a mere variety of ('. r.mltiUneato

Campkloma i'Roducta, White.

Campflomu (Liophnr'!) pmJuctu, Wiiito. 188,S. Ecv. Non-Marine I^ss. Moll. N.

Am., ]!. Ga, pi. 20, tigs. 21 -27.

South Saskatchewan, one mile below the nioutli of Bow JJiver, T C
Weston, 18,s;J: abundant.

From tiic collections made so far it would apjiear that Ostrea qlabra
and 0. mbtrijonaUs, Uaio Darur, U. smeetx., and T. pmcus. Corbicula
oecidenialis, Splmriumformosum.' var.. Physa Copei, Thanmastus Umtiwi-
forwi.% Campeloma /*/v>,/»c/a(an< I possibly Corbula permdaia) are comm.jn
to th* Canadian Laramie and Belly Jfiver Series.

f

f

V>*k"»'»»«iUii«*- >' iA'Aisvm'

msmmmmfmlmvmiii

78

CONTRIBUTIONS To CANADIAN 1'AL/K0NT0I.0(1T.

K. FROM TIFE'- LOWER DARK SEALF-IS" OK DR. BAW.SON'S

RKI'ORT.

Thcso arc ol)viouf<ly Oretaci'oiH liiit their exact lioriy.on in the upper
ilivisiioii of that formation lias not yet been ascertained with much
certainty.

Of the eleven j^pecies of fo.ssil.s which have so far hcen eollccletl from
them, seven or eight seem to he identical with forms that are elsewhere
rcifarded as characteristic of the Fort Pierre or Fox Hills (rroup,
luit the i)re->ence in tiiese shales of Sca/ih'tes Warro.nl, var. Wi/omitKj-
en-'o's, and possibly of Ostrea cowjcsta, may indicate that thoy occup}- a
siiifhtly lower position in the series.

Dr. Dawson statcs->= tliat o!'. du' .Mill< River, at the mouth of Pa-kow-
\i\ Coulee these shales uniloubtedly and dii'ectly underlie the yellowish
beds of the Belly River Series.

1

'^,; sr,

!l)l

LAMKLLI HRANCUi ATA.

OsTREA coNiiESTA, Conrad.

m'

Hff

i?

ill

Oslnn nnvjiMi- Conrad. 1841). Nicollet's Rep. of Exiil. in the Northwest, p. 107.
" " Hall and Meek. 1854. Mem. Am. Ac. Arts and Sc., Hoston, vol.

VIII. (n. 8), p. 405.
" " Meek and Ilayden. lS.5(i. Pro.'. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., p. iS(>.

" " Hall. 1S5G. Pacllic H. U. Reports, vol. III., j). 100, pi. 1, lif. 11.

" " Meek. l.STti. ]{cp. I'. S. Geo!. Surv. Terr., vol IX., p. 13, pi. 'J,

ti).'s. 1, a, 1), c, d, o, I'.

Rocky Spring' Ridi^e, near MacLeod Benton Trail, (f. M. Dawson.
1881 : a few cxi'oliated and badly pie^crvi-l valves on two small slabs
of limestone.

West tiaidv of West liiiltc. Montana, in the Sweet (irass Hills and
close to the international boundary line, (r. M. Dawson, 1381 : one
perfect under valve. atla(die<l by its whole lower surface to ii tragmonl
of the outer layer of the test of a lariic Inoceraiints.

Thi -»e Sjjo imens are for the most part too impci-fcci to be idontitied
with much certainly, i' uh they agree veiy well with Meek's de.scrip-

•tiool. and Nat. Ilisi. Siirv. Caiimla. Ri'p. I'ro(?rc.«s, lf>S'.;-'<.VHI.— Ko|ii>rt mi llie llcKioii in tlio
Vicinity nf lli.. !!,,«■ ami ISilly Rivrns X. W. T , p. UTc.

''^i'
le

'\ '■:

t

• T •

I

*H,TEAVES.] r,AKAMIE AND CKETAOEOUS INVERTEURATA. 70

• tion of O.romjcsta, and appear- (o be essentially similar to the fossils
from the Peml.ina Escarpn.cil which Dr. Daw.on has refemxl to that
species <m page 7!) othis British \.„th American Hounda.y Commis-
Mon lioport.

Ptekia (Oxytoma) Neiuiasoana, Evans and Shumurd.

.InW^a .V,7>,«,„v,„<,, Evans and Shumard. mi. Trans. Ac. S.'. St. Louis vol I
p. 38. • , . .

Meek. 185!». Hind's It,.,, Assinih. an.l Saskatch. Expl. Ex..
Inronto, p. is;j, pi. i, |i^. 7. 11.

Pteria {Oxylomu) Nehra.cana, Meek. 1876. Rep. U. S. Geol. .Swrv. Torr.. ^•ol. IX
P- 34, 1)1. Hi, fijr.s. 3 a, 1), and pi. 2.S, tl^'. ]].

Rocky Spnno- IJidge, near .^FacLeod Benton Trail ; Milk River, ahont
three m.es westof crossing of MacLeod Benton Trail ; and west flanic of
West Untte, Montana, ,n the Sweet Grass Hills, near to the international
bonndary l.ne ; G. M Dawson, 1881 : a few recognisable specimens fr-.n
each oi these localities.

Nuciri.A CA.\cEr.LATA, Meek and Haj-den.

-Vm/Za «o,<r//w/., Meek .V Ilayaon. 18.W. IW. Ac. Nat. Sc. I'hll vol VIII
p. 85. ■ ''

^!;"'V ^^'*'- ^^''l'. OeoL Snrv. Terr, vol. IX, p. l(,i', .,1. 28, li..,
lrfa,i),c, (1, e-

Milk River ai the mouth of ['a-kow-kl Coulee. ;.nd Milk River, f.nr
miles east of the crossing of MacLeod Benton Trail. G, M. Dawson 1881 ■
upparentlj' common at both of these places. The specimens are prcciselv
^"^ "' ■'^'*P^'"°*^«^»'P*»''^^ t« the beautiful fossil mentioned <m

Mactba (Cy.mjk.i.uoka) gracilis, .\reek and ILiyden.

.'/^(r^msrra.///.., Meek and Hayden. l,S,io. p.-oc. Ac. Nat. Sc. I'hil vol XI 1

p. 17ii.
Mnvtra {Ciimhni>l,n'a) ,jracUh, Meek. 187(i. Hop. T. 8. (ieol. Surv Tc.r
IX. ji. L'Oli, pi. 17, tills. 18, a, I).

Milk River, at the mouth of Pa-kow-ki Couk^e, G. .M. Dawson 1881 ■
one very imperfect specimen with only small fragments of the test
preserved.

^'/^i:

■m"''"-

.''•'>.**,

80 CONTRIBUTIONS To CANADIAN PAL/KONTOLOOY.

LioPtSTHA (rvMSLLA) UNDATA, Meek and Hayden.

I'holndomya undala, Moek and Havdcii. l.-«o(). Proc. Ac. Nat- He. Phil., vol. VIll,

p. SI.'

Liop'Md {Cijnu'lla) undiito,'Mi'Q:k. 1876. Ivcp. U. 8. Geol. Siirv. Terr., vol. IX..

p. 2:Ui, 111. liO, fi^s. l,a, b.

Milk River, tour miles east of .MacLeod Benton Trail, G. M. Dawson,
18S1 : five well chariicterized specimens.

CoRBii.A I'ERiNiiATA ? Meek and Hayden:

Corhulu pirnmlat'ij'Slnik aiul Hayden. IS.Vl. Proc. .\('. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. VIII,
11.116.
" " Moek. 1.S76. Rev. U. S. tied Snrv. I'err., vol. IX., p. ,-)3(», pi. 40,

tigs. -I a, b, C|il. l"i;.'nreil also on phito 1!», ti^'s. iti and 17, of Dr.
C. A. White's l{ov. Non-Marini' Imiss. Moll. N. \m.

Rocky Spring Riilge. near MacLeod Benton Trail, G. M. L'.wson,
1881 : a badly preserved right \nlvi! which is somewhat doubtfully
referred to this specii«s.

If!

CoRHULAMELLA (iREdARiA. Meek & Hayden.

if
1^

Corlnda.' ijrtyariit. Meek pnd Hayden. 1S.')6. Proc. Ac. Nat. 8c. Phil., vol. VIII.,
p. M.

CoW)u/«m(//" ye. i/(ov''i, Meek Oc Hayden. 1S.")7. Il»., vol. IX. j). 143.

" " Moek. 187(1. Hop. U. S. Geol Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 247,

1)1. 17, lii-'s. Ki, a. b, c, d.

West tlank of West Butte, \[oMtana. in the Sweet Grass Hills, near
thf international boundary line. G. M. Di'wson, 1881 : a number of per-
fect specimens crowded together in a smali hand specimen of i-ock. It
is only up(m the weathered outward surface o.'" the rock, however, rhat
the outlines of the united valves can be clearly made out, and the char-
acters of the interior (A' the lattei- arc entirely unknown.

I

"H.T.AV..1 LARAMIE AND CRETACEOUS INVERTEURATA.

81

GASTEBOPODA.

Entalis i'aupercula, Meek and lluydm.

Dentalium paupemUum, Me^k^vndUaydm.. ISOO. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil vol
XII., !>. 178.

J^>Ualisf paupercula, .I.0I. ^is;^ Rop. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 2,.,

Since the pages in which the fossils of the Fox Hills an.l Port Pien-e
C,.oups aie onumefatod were printed, a few .specimens of a snxoo 1

obta nod from rocks which represen. one or other of these horizons l"
^t7Z r l^r"^'^'';r-^--' -"o^'<od i>y n. G. ArcConnell n

PTRiPUsrs N-ewberryi, Meek and JIayden.
f^c^.. NnoKrryU Meek and Hayden. 18,50. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. I'hil., vol. Vlll..

Pi^-ni. (P!/n/,msn Newhnry-,, Meek and Hayden. //., vol. XH p An
PmMus [Nrptunella) Xewberryi, Meek. LS7.i. Kep. U. S. Geol."surv. Terr., vol.

IX., p. 34(i, pi. ;jl, figs, (i, a, b, c, d, e, f.

West flank of West Butte, Montana, in the .Sweet Grass Hills ar.d
near the Forty-ninth Parallel, G. M. Dawson, 1874, (H M No"h
Amexucan Boundary Commission) and 1881 : one ad^lt but ot ^^ry
well preserved specimen and two or three immature ones ^

August, 1885.

(!

11

if

if

I

I

ii<'

82 CONTRIBUTIONB TO CANADIAN PAI-.KONTOLOOY.

UBPHALOl'i^DA.

Baculitks ^.i^pku, Morton.

Ilaciilitin itDjyrr, Morton. l.s;U. SyiiojiHiw Or^. Rom. C'rot. Gr. U. IS., p. 43, pi. 1, figs.
12 and i:! ; ami pi. IS.tifr 2. (Jabb. ISiiO. rroc. Ar. Nat.Sc. Phil.,
vol. VII1.,|/. :'.!»4,pl. 3, IJK. 4.

Hdciilitis aHpcroulcn, Mct^k ami Haydon. 1800. I'roc. Af. Nat. Sc. I'liil., vol. XII.,
p. 421 (without description).

Baciilit' s a^litr, ^ili^rinn'! Me.^k. Is7(). Rep. U. 8. Cleol. Surv. Tt'rr., vol. IX.,
p. 404, pl.:{i(, tit,'S. 10 a, d (not b, i-)-

Rocky Spiinu; Kidgo, near Macl.i'od Benton Trail, G. M. Dawson,
18.SI; apparonlly rather al)unilan(. West tIanU of West Butte, Mon-
tana, but close to tlio Forty-ninth Parallel, <i. M. Dawson, 1881.

The.so tbssils evidertly belong to the same species as those from .N[(jn-
tana which Jlr. Meek roterrod doubtfully to tho li. asper of ^[orton.
The most port'tHi of the specimens collected by Dr. Dawson i:^ slender,
with an ovate seel ion, and measures about tivc inches and a half in
length. It tapers very gradually and, as Mr. Meek observes, " is ornu-
inentcd on each side, near the antisiphonal mai'gin, both on the septate
and non-septale portions, by a row of rather distantly separated, node-
like j)rorainences, that show the faintest perceivable tendency to ox-
tend obli(iuely forward and toward the siphonal side, as undulations,
parallel to tho lines of growth."

ScAi'iiiTES Warreni, Meek and Haydon.

ScuphiU'n W'irniii. Meek and llayden. ISliO. I'roe. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol. XII.,
p. 117 ; and lb., p. 420.
" " Meek. 187n. Rep. U. .S. (5eol. Surv. Terr., vnl. IX., p. 420,pl. (I,

fig. 5, and wood cuts, figs. 61, 62 and •>;> on p. 421.

AVeat flank of West Butte, Montana, near tho Forty-ninth Parallel,
fl. M. Daw-»on, 1881: abundant but u.sually imperfect and badly pre-
served. Oiio of tho specimens from this locality, iiowcver, is nearly
)ierfoct and corro.sponds almost perfectly with Aleck's figures of the
variety Wi/omimjensis, and two others although immatui'c are well
preserved and vciy little broken. Rocky Spring Eidge, near MacLeod
Bonton Trail, G. M. Dawson, 1881 : four specimens.

//

<ITI*Vtt,]

I.ARAHIK AM) CRETACEOUS INVRRTKBRATA.

83

F. EXACT GKOLOGICAL HORIZON rNCERTAIX.

"The apocies incliidecl under thitt general title are from several
localities in the Foot-tlillH and Rocky Mountains where the beds are
much disturbed, uiid us the sections have not yet been worked out in
detail there is no stitisfactory stratigraphical evidence as to the posi-
tions wiiich these deposits occupy in the series." G. M. Dawson. With
the exception of the tirst-uamed, which is possibly from the Lanunii
Formation, the whole "f the species are undoubtedly ('rotaceous.

Ml .LI BRANCH FATA.

XII.,

allel,

early
)f the
well
Lcod

\

OsTREA siiHTRiuoNALis, Evans and Shumard.

0»lrpa Duhtrigonalin, Meek. 1870. (But doubtfully as of E. and S.) Rep. U. S.
Gool. Smv. Torr., vol. IX., p. .MO, pi. 40, figs. 1, a. 1), c, d.
Vijjiired also oil pi. 12, tins. 2-5, of Dr. ('.A. White's Uev.
Non-Marine I'oss. Moll. N. Am., WashinKtou, 18.s;{.

Middle Fork of the Old Man River, about two miles above the mouth
of the North Fork, (t. M. Dawson, 1883: a number of spoeiraens of
the shell of a small oyster which appear to be referable to this species.

These shells are not quite as typical forms of O. subtrlijonali.'iati those
from the Belly River indicated under that name on page 30, anil some
have very much the a[)pearance of small examples of Oatrea glabra,
especially of the variety arcuatilis. Meek. It may be that both species
are represented at the locality first mentioned.

OsTREA roNOESTA, Conrad.

Oiirea congfuUi, Conrad. 1S43. Nicollet's Hep. of Expl. in the Nortliwest, p. 107.
" " Hall and Meek. 1854. Mem. Am. Ac. Arts and So,, Boston, vol.

VIII. (n. s.), p. 405.
" " Meek and Hayden. 18.")0. I'roc. Ac. Nat. So. Phil., p. 280.

" Hall. 18,^)0. Pacific R. R. Rei^rts, vol. III., p. 100, pi. 1, fig. 11.
Meek. 1870. Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 13, pi. 9,
figs. 1, a, b, c, il, e, f.

Waterton River, a few miles below the lake, G. M. Dawson, 1881 :
about half a dozen badly preserved specimens.

^.

IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)

1.0 \^^ U£

Itt 122 122

I.I

£ lis 12.0

u

6"

niotogFEqiiic

Sdmces

CarpoFatiQii

^

i^^^

\\

M ¥MIT MAM STRIIT

WIISTN,N.Y. I4M0

(71*)I73-4MM

^pV ^

^

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i

I

.

84 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PALiBONTOLOGY.

Pinna Lakesii, White.

Pinna lakesii, White. 1879. Rep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr, for 1877, p. 181.

" " " 1880. U. S. Geol. Surv., Coiitr. to Pal., Nob. 2-8, p. 17, pi.

11, fijis. lu and b.
South branch of the South Poi-k of the Old Man Eivor, G. M. Daw-
son, 1883 : one very well preserved but not quite perfect cast of the
interior of the closed valves.

Volviceramcs exogyroides, Meek and Hayden. (Sp.)

Inoccramm cxogyroideB, Meek and Haydon. 1862. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol.
XIV., p. 26.'
:Meek. 1876. Kep. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 46,
pi. 5, figs. 3, a, b, c.

South branch of Dry wood Fork, Waterton Eiver, G. M. Dawson,
1881 : a cast of the interior of a rather small specimen of the left or
convex valve (the only valve known), with large portions of the some-
what thick test preserved. Entrance to North Kootanio Pass (from
shales), G. M. Dawson, 1883 : a larger cast of the interior of the left
valve, but with not a fragment of the test r^jmaining.

i

Inocerramus undabundus, Meek and Haydon.

Inoceramun undaliundun, Meek and Hayden. 1862. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol.
XIV., p. 26.

« " Meek. 187ti. Rep. U. S. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 60, pi.

3, figs. 2, a, b.

Highwood River, ten miles west of the first fork, R G. McConnell,
1882 : two very largo but not quite perfect single valves, in a dai*k or
blackish shale. North- West bi'anch of North Fork of the Old Man
Eiver, about four miles below the mouth of Oyster Creek, in a thick
band of dark shale; G. M. Dawson, 1883 : one small but nearly perfect
left valve.

i3m^mvmsm!^^mism'm^£

1

If

WHiTEAVca] LARABIIE AND CRETACEOUS [NVERTEBRATA. 85

Inooeramus pboblematicus, Schlotheim.

OHracites labiatus, Schlotheim. 1813. Bronn's Jahrbueh, vol. VII., p. 03.
MytiliU's proMematicuK, Schlotheim. 1820. Potriefactenk.i vol. I, p. 302.
MyliloideR labiatus, Broii;;niart. 1822. Cuv. Oas. foss., pi. 3, fig. 4, in Geol. des

env. de Paris.
Inoceramus mytiloides, Mantell. 1822. Geol. of Sussex, p. 21.5, pi. 27, fig. 2, and pi.
28, fig. 2.
" " Sowerby. 1823. Min. Conch., vol. V, p. (12, pi. 442.

" " Goldfuss. 183G. Petnefaot. Germ., vol. IT., p. 188, pi. 113,

fig. 4.
/noc^raffitM;)ro6fcm«<iCJW, d'Orbigny, 1843. Pal. Franc, Torn, Cret., vol.111., p.
510, pi. 40(i. Meek and Hayden, 18.57. Proc. Ac. Nat.
Sc. Phil., vol. IX., p. 119.
f Inoarnmun ■pseudomyt'doideii, &(ih\Q\. 1855. Pacific Railway Reports, vol. II.,

p. 108, pi. 3, fig. 8.
Inoccramus tvlnolvs, Stoliczka. 1871. Pal. Indica, vol. III., Cret. Polecyp. S.

India., p. 408, pi. 29, fig. 1.
Inoaramus problematicm, Meek. 187(i. Rep. U.S. Geol. Siirv. Terr., vol IX, p. fi2,
pi. 9, figs. 3, a, b.

Mill Creek, at mill west of Port McLood, in thin pieces of brittle and
fissile shale, G. M. Dawson, 1881, and T C. Weston, 1883; a few perfect
but flattened single valves. Dr. Dawson informs the wi-iter that these
Inocerami from Mill Creek come from a band of dark shales in the dis-
turbed foot hill region. These shajes, howover, immediately overlie
or underlie a series of sandstones which hold plants apparently iden-
tical with those of the Dakota Group. It is probably in the continua-
tion of the same band of shales that the fossils from the entrance to
the North Kootamio Pass came.

Characteristic specimen of the typical /. problematieun have also been
recognized in pieces of a drab or yellow-grey limestone collected by
Mr. J. W. Spencer in 1874 on the Swan Eiver, N. W. T.

Pholadomta papybacea, Meek and Hayden.

Pholadomya papyracca, Meek and Hayden. 1862. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol.
XIV., p. 27.
« " Meek. 1876. Rep. U. 8. Geol. Surv. Terr., vol. IX., p.

217, pi. 5, figs. 4, a, b.

North West branch of North Fork of the Old Man Eiver, about four
miles below the mouth of Ovster Creek, G. M. Dawson, 1883 : one
specimen.

i

86 CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANADIAN PA I KONTOLOGT.

CEPHALOPODA.

ScAPHiTES Wabreni, Meek and Hayden.

Scaphites Warreni, Meek and Hayden. 1860. Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phil., vol.
XII., p.p. 177 and 420.
" " Meek. 1876. Rep. U. 8. Geol. Snrv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 420,

pi. 6, fifc. 5.

Highwood River, ten miles west of first fork, R G. McConnell, 1882 :
four fine specimens of an unusually large form of the species, the largest
of which measures nearly three inches in length, in the direction of the
longer axis of the ellipse, by about one inch and a half in its greatest
lateral diamcuu*. Entrance to North Kootanie Pass, G. M. Dawson,
188.3 : one specimen. North West branch of North Fork of the Old
Man River, about four miles below Oyster Creek, Gr. M. Dawson, 1883:
an imperfect but large and very ventricose specimen, which is nearly
two inches broad although no part of the deflected portion is preserved.

As

■ 1

Scaphites verhiformis ? Meek and Hayden.

Scaphites rirmiformin, Meek and Hayden. 1802. Proc. Ac. Nat Sc. Phil., vol.
XIV., p. 22.
" " Meek. 1876. Rep. U. S. Geol. Siirv. Terr., vol. IX., p. 423,

pi. 6, figs. 4, a, b.

North West branch of North Fork of the Old Man River, G. M.
Dawson, 1883 : two nearly perfect specimens and two fragments. En-
trance to the North Kootanie Pass, G. M. Dawson, 1882 : several large
fragments.

These specimens appear to differ from those from the same localities
which are here referred to S. Va*" •"•"!, in having the deflected portion
much shorter, and in their (iou<=> j, the larger ones of which usually

(though not invariably) bear u v>.. ji' rather prominent nodes on the
outer half of each side. These nodes, however, are frequently not
developed, and it may be that the shells now under consideration should
be regarded as only a c('iii>-Mely ribbed variety of S. Warreni.

■a

WHITEAVU.]

LARAMIE AND 0BETACEOU8 INVEKTEBBATA.

87

CRUSTACEA.

HopLOPARiA? Canadensis, Whiteaves.

vol.
423,

M.

1

Plate 11.

Uoploparia f CanoAenm, Whiteaves. 1884. Proc. and Trans. Royal Soc. Canada,
vol. 2, p. 237.

Highwood River (a tributary of the Bow Rivci-^, ten miles west of
the first fork, R. G. McConnell, 1882 : one specimen.

The following is a copy of the original description of this interesting
fossil.

'■ The specimen originally consisted of an elongate-oval and flat-
toned concretionary nodule of soft argillite, with a small piece broken
otf from one end, but enough of the matrix has been removed to show
most of the carapace and the upper surface of a few of the abdominal
segments. The anterior extremity of the carapace, with tlio rostrum,
is unfortunately not preserved, and the tail, with some of the posterior
abdominal segments, was broken off when the nodule was found. The
ambulatory feet are preserved, but it was found to be scarcely possible
to remove the soft shale from around them without running the risk of
spoiling the specimen.

The carapace, like that of most of the macrura, is elongated and
comparatively narrow, with nearly parallel sides, and, when perfect,
its lon^'th must have been about twice as great as its breadth. A
little in advance of the midlength a single, broadly V-shaped, deep and
rather wide groove or furrow crosses the carapace transversely. The
posterior half of the carapace is depressed and rather distinctly three-
keeled in a longitudinal direction, though it is most likely that these
appearances are mostly or wholly due to a considerable and abnormal
compression from above. Bo this as it may, in the specimen collected
by Mr. 3IcConnelI, a central keel, or narrow but prominent raised ridge,
which is about three times as broad posteriorly as it is anteriorly, and
which is bounded on each side by a deep and angular furrow, eKtends
from the posterior end of the carapace to the centre of the V-shaped
groove which transverses it. This central keel is much more strongly
marked than the broad and comparatively obtuse and lateral keels,
which latter are placed near the outer margin of each side. The sur-
face of the posterior half of the carapace (and perhaps that of the
anterior also) is covered with rather distant, small, isolated conical
tubercles, which, under the lens, look as if they might have each borne

J '

88

CONTBIBCTIONS TO CANADIAN PALiBONTOLOOY.

I

n bristle at the summit, and which, occasionally, are surrounded by a
minute annulus at the base ; and the three keels each have a single
series of larger conical tubercles, whose pointed apices are directed
forward.

In front of the transverse and V-shapod fiu'row the carapace is very
badly preserved, and the anterior margin with the rostrum is broken
oft". The two lateral and tuberculated keels appear to be prolonged to
within a short distance of the front margin of the carapace, though
they are somewhat loss distinct in front of the transverse furrow than
they are behind it. On the anterior side of the furrow the central
keel is absent, and the median portion of this part of the carapace
bob^rs a number of comparatively large and prominent, distinct and
conical tubercles, which are somewhat peculiarly ai-rangod. Next to
the furrow, and in advance of it, in the meilian line, there are five
tubercles arranged in two convergent rows of two pairs and an odd
one, which, if connected by lines, would have much the shape of an
isosceles triangle, witn its base near to the furrow. Between the spaco
bounded by these five tubercles and each lateral keel, there is a shal-
lowly concave and rather broad depression of the carapace. In front
of these five tubercles, again, there are four others and still larger ones
(the two anterior ones apparently of considerable size), arranged some-
what in the form of a square, any of whose sides would be grei'tl^y
than the base of the isosceles triangle indicated by the other five.

The upper surface of each of the abdominal segments b-^Hrs a
tubercle in the centre, on its anterior edge, and another one on the
margin of each of the sides. The most prominent characteristic of the
species, in fact, is the possession of three widely distant, longitudinal
and tuberculated keels, which extend over nearly the whole length of
the upper surface of the body.

To the right of the carapace, in front, there are indications of what
appears to have been a large pinching claw, and, if the appearances
presented are correctly interpreted, the sides of the fixed ramus of that
claw are also coarsely tuberculated.

Until its exact generic position shall have been settled by the col-
lection of more perfect specimens, it may be convenient to designate
the present species as Boploparia (?) Canadensis, though it is by no
means certain that it belongs to McCoy's genus of that name."

Judging by the invertebrate fossils alone, it would seem probablo
that the friable and fissile shales at Mill Creek which hold typical
example of Inoceramiis problematicus may represent the " Niobrara

n

m

•rounded by a
have a single
1 are directed

[•apace is very
fum is broken
3 prolonged to
apace, though
10 furrow than
w the central
' the carapace
;, distinct and
^od. Next to
thoi-e are five
rs and an odd
le shape of an
vcen the spaco
here is a shal-
)aco. In front
till larger ones
irranged some-
uld be grei'^ii'
ther five,
iionts b'^'ars a
or one on the
teristic of the
t, longitudinal
[hole length of

lations of what
appearances
ramus of that

WHITtAVtS.]

t.ARAMIK AND CRETACEOl'S t.NVERTEBRATA.

89

Group" of the LTp|»oi' Missouri Section. On similar evidence, also, the
rocks at the two localities on the Waterton River which have yielded
rt's])ectivoly Ot<trea corK/esta and Volviceramun ejviji/roides ; those at the
Higliwoud JJivor whidi contain ftioeemmus nndahundm and Scaphiies
Warieni ; tho.se on the Northwest branch of the North fork of the Old
Man River from which Inocemmus uudahimdux. Pholadomija papyracea,
Siiiphites IVarreni and »S'. ccnniforvus were collected ; and those at the
entrance to the Nortli Kootanie Pass which arc characterized by Yol-
viceramua ejvijyroides, Scapkife!< Warreni and S. verudformis, — would
appear to be as nearly as possii)le the Canadian equivalents of the
" Fort Benton Group."

In conclusion, it may be j-emarked that (as already partly stated
in the foot-note to page 55) the invertebrate fauna of the " Belly River
Series" seems to be essentially the same as that of the "Laramie" of
the United States and Canada, unless more than one formation has
been confounded under the latter name, and that it is at present
scarcely possible to separate the " Lower Dark Shales" of Dr. Daw-
son's Bow and Belly River Repoi-t from the "Port Pierre and Fox
Hills " Groups, on purely palteontological grounds.

id by the col-
to designate
it is by no
lame."

eem probablo

hold typical

e "Niobrara

Aui(nEit,]88o>

' )

I-

PLATE I.

Unless otiierwiso state«1, all the flgiiies are of natural size.
Unio Albektknsis (page 3).
Fife'uro 1. Side view of the tyjHs siweimon, siiewinjr the left valve.
AnOMIA PERSTRtdOSA (pilgO 4).

Figure 2.

Figure o.

Upper valve of a \m{evi and well preserved s|)e'ciuioii, as
viewed from above.

CoRBICULA OCCIl)ENTAr.l.S (pilgO 7).

Side view nf u largo siKJcinien from live-Grass Hat, shewing the
right valve.

3(/. The same as seen from above-

(.'OHBICLLA OBLIQUA (pugC 8).

Figure 4. Side view of a perfect specimen, from Rye-Grass Hat.
4((. Dorsal aspect of the same.

Ah. Cast of a left valve, with a slightly diflbrent outline, from the
Belly River.

CftRBtLA l>ERAN(JlJLATA(pago!l).

Figure .'). Side view of a somewhat arcuate examjile, from Rye-Grass Hat.
5«. Dorsal view of the same, to shew the amount of convexity

of the closed valves and the excavated posterior urea.
U. Si<le view of a younger specimen from the same locality. At

this stage of growth the posterior area is not excavated and

the posterior extremity is truncated.

M

.. ' \ ■

v^yiPtfit

•j'^rsy''

i.

\i

I ■

ss Hat.

vexitv / \i ,

^\

\

\

\

CONTFl T J CAN PAL VOI... I . PIATE I

4^

S D

.L.MLatribet JWH Walls R C.A Del.^

Mornrr.er So Co LitK

~ f

!

PLATE IT.

CORBUI-A I'ERANOIJIiATA (pilgl' !•)•

Figuro 1. Side view of anotlier adult sixjciincn fmiu Kyo-Ctiass JIat, of a
shorter and less arcuate form tluin the one reprosonted on
l)late 1, fig. 5.

PaNOP.KA SIMUr-ATRfX (paj^c 11).

Figure 2. 'I'lie most jierfect specimen collected, as viewed laterally.
" 2a. Dorsal view of the same.

Panoi'.ea curta (page 12).

Figure 3. Side view of the tyiK> of this sjH'cies, from Forks ol Devil's
I'ine and Three Hills Creeks.

Physa CoPEr (page 14).

Figure 4. Dorsal view of a siH'cimen from I'inchor Creek, which has the
ajiex broken off.
" 4((. Similar view of a smalh^r cxanijjle of the same 8t)ecies, from
Gooseberry Canon on the St. Mary River, in which the
slender and acuminate spire is perfect.

PiiYSA C(ti>K[, Var. CANADENsts (page 14).

Figure 5. Dorsal view of a large and typical example of this varit*ty, from
Pincher Creek.

" .'5f(. Similar view of an unusually narrow variety of this shell, also
from Pincher Ci-eek, referred to on i)aj.'e 16 as approaching
very nearly in shape to BiUimis nlavii^, White.

" 5'). Ventral view of another specimen from the same locality, to
shew the characters of the aju-rture.

PATtii.A ANotn.iPERA (page 18).

Figure (i. The typt^ and only specimen collected, as seen from above.
" ()((. Baaal view of the same.

" 66. Outline of the same from another jwint of view, tf) shew the
comparative height of the shell and shajje of the aperture.

Patula obtisata (page 18).

Figure 7. Upper side of the largest sj)ecimen known to the writer.

" 7a. Lower side of the same.

" 7b. Outline of the same to show the relative height or depth of the
shell.

ytr^.».>vw:»ifA«t:'va*«> ^. ^- , -^ ■., ... .-^r- ,^:^-. .-., , ...

IV A'' "fii^'r •>iiv-\.-."

riass tiat, of a
leprosouted on

tcrally.

irks ot Dovil's

whicli lias tlio

s[)ei'ief<, from
in whifli tlie

i.s v;iri(*ty, from

this slioU, also
iH approacliint;

imo locality, to

pm above.

I, to 8hew the
llie Rp(»rturo.

[writer.

Ir deptli of tlio

^

CONTRTO e;AN FAL VOL.i • /-/:

5 b

2 a. :,

n

<2^^7

^ly^V?

■L.M.Larate, Lei.

^fcrtl^.^fr Sc Co. LitK

^ffiSitasa2Bi2sssr^»ieK*,s!?'_«-_

*r

1'

t

; 1
1 1

I

PLATE III.

AcROLOxus RADiATUiiUs (i)age 17).

Figure 1. The type spocimeii, from the month of the Blind Man lliver, &»
seen from above ami slightly enlarged. The cross-lines* to
the right indicate the actual size.
" \n. A portion of the surface of the same, still more highly magni-
fied, to shew the details of the sculpture.

Anchistoma i'Arvlli'm (page 10).

Figure 1'. View of the upixjr side of the only siJ<Mimen known.
" 2((. Basal view of the same.

" 'Ih. Another view of the same, to show the projKjrtionate height or
convexity of the shell, and the narrow lobe on the upjier
part of the outer lip.

Thaumastus limn.ku'ormis (pages 2(> ami 27).

Dorsal view of a siiecimen of asui)posed variety of this sfiecies,
from the Rosebud River.

Outline of another and apparently more typical six'ciinen, from

Wood End Deixjt.
Ventral view of the last, to shew the characters of the aperture.

(tONIobasis Nebrawcknsis (page 21).

Dorsal view of a specimen from the St. !Mary River.
Portion of the .same magnified, to shew tli(> surface markings.

GONIOllASIS TENUICARIN.VTA (pagC 22).

Dorsal view of a sijeciiuen from the Bow River.
Enlarged portion of the same, to shew the sculpture of the last
volution of the spire.

Go.NioHAsis TENMicARiNATA, Vaiv. (page 22).

8i)ecimen from Pincher Creek, dorsal \ low.
Similar view of another and slightly distorted example fnwu
the same locality.

Valvata i-'ii.osA (page 25).

Magnified representation of a perfect specimen from Pincher
Creek, showing the upper surface. The cross-lines on the
right indicate the actual size.

Portion of the surface of the same, still more highly magnified,
to shew the sculpture.

Valvata bici.ncta (page 25).

Specimen from the mouth of the Blind Man River, as seen from
above, and considerably enlarged. The cross-lines between
this and the next figure shew the actual size of the originals
of both.

Basal view of the same, alsf> enlarged-

A portion of the surface of the same 8|)ecimen, still more highly
magnified, to shew the details of the surface markings.

Figure

3.

u

3«.

u

"Ah.

Figure

4.

4((.

Figure

11

5.
5a.

Figure 0.

Figure 7.
7a.

Figure 8.

" Sa.

h

1

»

1

■

1

j

^

t

'I

CONTR. TO . CAN PAL VOL . I

p:./v:t

^- Mj'aaairjij.ii^sigfiTi^-,!' .', ,: - li'j;f^fr_

L M.LaTufce, Del

/

%

/ I

•, I

PLATE IV.

PiERrA (Pseudoi'Teka) fibrosa. Vai'., (iimsj;© o2).

Fijinn* 1. Latoiiil view of a siiccinii'n t'tdin tlip liow Rivi-r, sliewin^ tlio
riylit valve.

(lEnVII.MA IIECTA, Yill'. HdREALlS (piliiC 155).

l'ij:uro '2- Side viow of ii loft valvo fnnii the Holly Hiver.

" '2n. Cast of tlio interior of tlie i-loseil valve.s, from the South Saskat-
chowaii, shewiii}! tlm im]ires.sions made by the muscular
scars of the rijiht valve.
" '111- Interior of a fnurmeiit of a rii-'ht valve, fnjiii the Belly River,
whirh shews the cartilage pits of the anterior end of the
hingoline.

MoDIOLA (HRACIIYDONTEs) DICIIOTO.MA (pUgO 37).

Figure I!. Lateral view of a right valve with the test i)reserved, from the
St. Mary River, ("onsiderably enlarged.

" 3('. Similar view of a cast of the interior of the doseil valves of the
shell of a larger and apparently more adult individual, from
the same locality. Also considerably enlarged.

i

If

*

itfk«luji'iral5tNvrhu-urtiiH^lxiirxJ ^virvi'ij ai STim'otiJa.

slicwin^ the

ontli Suskat-
lic muscular

Jelly Rivor,
end of tlie

ll, from the

lalves of tho
idual, from

4

!

cnNTh'rn can i-ai, vol i

i •

i

4

^r

S

! 1

I

I

PnATK r.

l.NOrEKAMIS TKNIIM-tNEATIS (pttj^U !U).

V\)i\\T\' 1. Sidt' viow (if a small l)iit iit^arly |MTf<>ct <HMt of flio interior of
this slid!, from tlu« Soiitli Sa8kat<'lmw«ii, Nliowiiif tlio «liaiH'
and mirfiico iiiuliilatioii.s nf tlm loft valvo,

" \ii. Tlit> diiiiio iw s(>on from iilovc to sliow tim tliickiioMs tliroiiv'li
liii'cloHcil valves,

Yor.iHA sr[Ttir,.\ i\n\^v :{8).

Fiirnre 'J. A rinli) valvo, sli).'litly eiiiarired, with a iMirtion of tlio outer si'r-
faie still mon» liijjlily ma^'iiifiwl n(|>roNciit«Ml bolow. 'llio
cross-linos alsn lx\lo\v but u little to the ri^'ht, indicato tin*
actual size of the M]K>cimen.

Cyi'HINA llCCIKKNTAl-rS, Vlir. AI/FA (piij^o 4t»).
riu'ure .'!. Side view of a iHtrfect left valve.

PltitTOCAIlDIA SIH»ilADRATA (pilgO 41).

Fij.'ure 4. .Side view of one of ihe most |Ktrfect specimens eolloct^nl, show-
in>r tho rij{ht valve.

" 4rt. Outline of tho same nH H((en from above.

•'',

'•

/(hI, xliow-

>,

1

iN'I'h 'n 'AN 1/M, VLJL.l ?:

r \,'

■•r^* ■■5-': ■ . -■■-■.- • ■ ' ■ ■■■- M ■■•■ -J>'5--t

LTvILambe deU

Mvrtim*--: ^Co I.rU

■:'»jsnaiaEisij,...

i

..

H-

PLATE \'l.

Pkotiicakiiia iii>rk,at,is (page 41.)

Fif^ure 1. Siilc v'n'w nf a .sin'ciiiiou nt' uvcra'-'esizo and normal (brni, sliew-

inj; (lie lisrlit valvo.
" 1". I 'disal outline of tlie same.
" -. Side vi(!W (if anotlier .spocinicn. in whicli tlic valves arc nn-

us\ially tumid and inoiniilatcral.
" :.''(. Poi'.sal ontlintM)!' tile last.
" ">• < a.st of the interior of a large specimen from Kos.s Coulee,

slie.\vin'_' the untliiies of tiie nnisi'idar impressions of the

riiiiil valve.

("Ar.i.isTA (hnsiNioi'.xi.s; Dkwkvi (puii'e 42).

I'iirnre 4. Side \ iew of a .sn|)])oseil larj,'(( variety of this sp(!('ie.s. from near
liii,' I'liime Creek, shewing; the left valve.

" •">. Outline of a cast, of tli(! interior of another form of the species,
from J5nir.s Head, shewinij: the impressions of the pallial
siiuis anil nnisciilar impressions of the right valve.

" •')". Ontliiie of portion of a left valvo from the same locality as tlw
last, to shew the hinge dentition of that valve.

I'^igmi

1*an(ii'.i:a suiiovALis (piige 44).

(i. side view of the type specimen, shewing the right valve.

• i". Outline of the s<ime as seen from ahove, to illustrate the com-
parative convexity of the shell, tlie anterior antl posterior
ixaping t'xtremities, and the short ligamental area.

1 form, sliew'

Ives :in' nn-

K().s« CouU'e,
sions i)f tlio

IS, tVdiii iioar

till; s|)0(ues,
r tlie pallial
vc.

Icalitv as tlio

alvo.

lo the com-

lid posterior

/

•r-

\

^f5Jlssgwall{M«ttttii*El1lfl0it»ri| ^mrujip^ ^f Cammlr*!.

CnNTR TO CAN PAL VOL I

Pj^TE VJ

\

1 a

V-

•v ^

S a

5a

■ /

\

V '

: r

I 1 \

i I

■ I \

6 a

L.MLarribe del*

Mcrtutior i-Co, LiUl

i1

^^1

li

i

■dMrttmfc»»-*'^jl»Tii^<**«wi fc ■

t;

/

PLATE I'll.

Anisomyon centrai,k (page 47).

Vigiuo 1. Siilo view of a sjieiMmen in wliicli the ajmx Ih distinctly
eccentric.

" 1(1. The same as seen from above.

" L'. Side view of a 8|x(ciinen in which the a])ex Ib nearly central,

" 2a. Dorsal aspect of the last.

ScAPHiTKs .suHOLOBOsiTs (page 52).

Figure ". Side view of a large hut entirely septate and worn S[iecinien,
from Old Wives Creek, in which the tiner surface marking.s
arc partly obliterated. This spociesis more fully illustrated
on the next plate.

'

t>\

CONTR. TO CAN PAL VOL 1

PI.ATF VII

L. M.Lamb e del'

MortiiTi£r.&.Co. L.tu,

; I
s •

4

PLATE VIIL

ScAi'iiiTKs suBdi-oBosiis (page 52).

IMl'uic 1. Outline nf tilt' a[K'rtuio of tlio s[H'.iiiin'n rojin'seiili-d on |ilat<t
VII., Ii>:. ;>, tn sliow llio iiiaxiiiiiiin I'dinoxity of tin- .slicU at
that .>^fai.'o of <.'i'<>wtli.

'■ 1((. I'oi'tion of a .soptuiii of tlio .same .^ih-ci i.i>ii. Tlii^ liiutr ramifi-
cations of tlio loln's and sadillcN ..re iiartly obliterated by
t'rosion.

" L'. Side view of a .smaller but well preserved Hiiecimen, to shew

tlie finer surface niarkinj;.s.
" 2((. Outline of the aiiertnro ol' the In.st.

r

ted on plato
tlio slicll at

(iiior nniiifi-
)liteniteil by

en, t(i sliow

' \f

i

i

COUTH TO CAN PAL VOL- 1. 'ATE V

LMLambe del*

Mortimer i. Co. .Litli

-i^

.ll
: -I
■ I.

^1

PLATE LV.

CUENKLLA ? I'ABVl-LA (pagO 57).

Figure 1. Side view of a iierfeot right valve, inudi enlarged. The cross-
lines below (to the right), indicate the exact size.

Figure _,

AiNOnoNTA PROl'ATORIS (pilgO 58).

Side view of a ciist of the interior of a shell fi-om near Bull's
Head, which is doubtfully referred to this siwcies, shewing
the left valve.

2(1. The same si)ecinion as viewed from above.

Sph-krum poiiMosiM, Var., (paifo (il).

Figure :>. Lateral outline of a right valve, considerably enlarged. Tlie
cross-lines to the right show tiic natural size of the siwcinien.

Unio coNsuETrs (page 59).

Figure 4. Side view of the only i^rfect specimen collected.
" ■la. Dorsal aspect of the same.

I. The crosfs-

m near Bull's
icies, shewiii''

largort. Tim
he isiK'finieii.

^

OJ'.iMtluii.i.rul .5; Xuhirul -nuWary ,^unum ul' ii!\,ura ii:

L'liMT!- in .'AN lAl. VUl, I

■"-(^ V

»j<(«»'?;tf3?"'?*'5r'**'^'^J"''^'.^w*"""^*i'>'''8w^v«Tji

i-..M..ljaruti l.iA

K Of

Figure 1.

Fi^uri' •_•.

ri}iun> ;>.

Figure 4.
" 4(1.
" 4/«.

4c.

PLATE jr.

Unio ssupraoibbosi s (|m^o (i(>).

Side view of a aiwciuion, sliowing the left vulvc.

Unh) senectus (page <i7).

Side view of a ^ul>I»se(l small variety of this siiecies, from the
isoutli Saskatchewan, shewiiij; the ri^'ht valve.

Vyui I'lusns (paj^c ()5).

A very youiin lint jierfect specimen of a Cnio, from the South
Saskatchewan, which may be referal)lo to this sjiecies, but
which accords eijually well with the <'haracters of r.ritwitttx,
!Meek. The Iarj:er and more typical Canadian exampleb of
r. priscwi are not (ifrured here, as the species has been well
illustrated by :Meek and Dr. ('. A. Wiiite.

EYT01'HnRU.S (t) GLAHER (payc I!!).

]X)rsal view of a nf ".ri_>' iH;rfect sjieiMuien with the test j>reserved.
Cast of thointe>'ior of the shell of a larmier individual.
Half frrown shell, with the mih'x broken oH', to shew the sculpture
of the body-whorl.

A very young shell, much inlarged, to shew the narrowly
acuminate spire and slender apical volutions at this stage of
growth. The ero.ss-lines to the right indicate the actual
size.

\

Pl.ANORHI.S PAUCIVOLVIS (pUJi'e 71).

Figure 5.

Figure 0.

Figure 7.

Figure 8.

Left side of the most perfect siiecimen known to the writer,
much enlarged. The cross-lines to the right 'diew the
natural si/e.

Melania (?) iNscuLPTA (page 73).

Dorsal view of a nearly imrfect specimen from the South Sas-
katchewan.

GoNioiJAsis suBTORTtTosA (page 74).

Dorsal view of a imrfect and well preserved siHJcimen, also from
the South Saskatchewan.

Hydrobia siBOYLiNDRAfEA (page 75).

Ventral or "apertural" view of the tyi)e siiecimen, mueli
enlarged.

•/

I :

9

X.

'-''iNTI-> ro r',AN b\l, V'u[; !

a«

eeies, from the

o'n tlio .Soutli
sjiecies, but

<jf l-\ritmtm,
exaiiiplf?;, of

^^ I'een well

*t i>reser\e(I.
il.

K' sculpture

^ narrowly
liis stage of
t'le actual

10 writer,
'iliew the

uth Sag-

Iso from

much

.t.

\

:

' \

^t

i

W'

'.!■

■

SSSSSSSSSSi

"

PLATE XL
HopLOPARiA (?) Canadensis (pa^e 87).
Dorsal view of tlie ty|X3 siKMsiiuen.

87).

L'ONTH TO CAN PAli VGL-l 1 i.A'l'IT XI

L. M.Iiambe, Eel.

M.-rnu.er &.Co I.ith,