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D This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below / Ce document est filme au taux de reduction indique ci-dessous. lOx 14x 18x 22x 26x 30x J\ 12x 16x 20x 24x 28x 32x !frjik^y^sim^ A"- ■ ii' , Th« copy filmed h«r« has b««n raproducad thanks to tha ganarosity of: Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, HcCni University, Montreal Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha bast quality possibia eonsidaring tha condition and lagibility of tha original copy and in koaping with tha filming contract spacificationa. L'axamplaira film4 fut raproduit grica A la gAn^rosit* da: Departaent of Rare Books and Special Collections, NcCin University, Hontreal Las imagas suivantas ont iti raproduitas avec la plus grand soin. compta tanu da la condition at da la nanat* da raiamplaira filmi, at an conformity avac las conditions du contrat da filmaga. :^*'i Original copias in printad papar covar* ara filmad baginning with tha front ^'^ovar and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illustratad impraa- sion, or tha back covar whan appropriata. All othar original copias tf filmad baginning on tha first paga with a printad or illustratad impraa- sion. and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illustratad imprassion. Las axamplairas originaux dont la couvartura en papiar ast ImprimAa sont filmis an commandant par la pramiar plat at an tarminant soit par la darniira paga qui comporta una amprainta d'imprassion ou d'illustration. soit par la second plat, salon la cas. Tous las autras exemplaires originaux sont filmte •n commen^ant par la pramiire paga qui comporta una empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration at en termlnant par la darniira paga qui comporta une telle empreinte. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shell contain the symbol -^ (meaning "CON- TINUED "), or the symbol ▼ (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Un dee symboles suivants spparaitra sur la darniire image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols ^»> signifie "A SUIVRE". le symbols y signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure ere filmed beginning in the upper left hend corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Lea cartes, plenches. tableaux, etc.. peuvent atre filmis A das taux de reduction diffArents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour itre reproduit en un seul clichA. il est filmA ^ partir de I'engle supArieur gauche, de gauche d droits. et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'imeges nicessaire. Lea diagrammes suivants illustrent le mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 >-i.:Lt'jt.f. mMi^^mmmj^ MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TIST CHART -ANSI u..d ISO TEST CHART No 2 1.0 I.I Ifia IIIIIM ^ [f Ilia t iZ i2.0 1.8 1.25 1.4 1.6 _A APPLIED IIVHGE Inc ^— ■, '6^? L'J5» Ma.f' Sf'e-! "-SS ;;!6"i *8i' - "300 - Pnone ^= ■' ■ '6) 238 - ^>9a9 - fa. ^TT^iwef^igx^-ff-ymm'-' l^V IAN 1 1 ^QiR THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE FRUIT INDUSTRY IN QUEBEC. One of the penalties imposed up,,,, tlu" l'iv>i lent „f this Society is the preparation of a presiderii..! .uhiivss for ea.h .,f the two nuelin^s held dur- inK the year. At the meeti.iK at l.a Trapp.. in ScptrnilHT the subject dis- eusse.! was "T he Fu'ononues of l-ruit-( '.rowin-i," .viure an attempt was made to deal with the factors operalinn at ihe present liu.e 1 „th in favor of and against fruit-urowinu as a business proixisilion in this province. The active interest of the Department in the() years carried on a spc. i.ili/.d form of fruit-growing with much proht. There are also many good orciKird h.cations in the hilly district-s ot the Kastern Townships, but so f.r ,.s I am aware little effort has been made to set out c:)mmercial plantations. 1 .■♦CT- An tnthrifty Industry. I^xports have t.ild ti> ri'iMMttdK that iii.mv parts of Quclwc. including thosi- already iianifd, are admiral. ly adapii-d for tlu' Krowing of hardy friiitu, and cxpericncf lias told us that siicli is the case. Infortunately, how- ever, growers were not alw.ivs careful to plant hardy varieties, and the result haseonse(|uentl.\ Ikch \ery disappointiiii;. Ai cording to the Census reports of ion there were 1,2.S2,H,<.S l.e.iriiiK api)le tries in the province, and the estimated crop for I'MO was 1,5(M»,(K)() l.ushels, or less than li bushels per tree. I hi> i-, far from s.itisfaetory when we hear in niind that Mr. VVaddell's orchard of 200 trees (4 acres) \ ielded last Near 2i barrels per tree, and Mr. Martin's orchard (f. acres) at M(.ni St. Hilaire profluced this year 4 barrels per tree. In spite. Iiowcvcr. of all that h.is been done to foster the orchard in- dustr>- of guebec there h.is been practically no tievelopment in recent \ears. A irifi (hiring tlu' snimmr thn>ii;- ncKlected orchards where fungi and insects had full sway and were fast desini\inj{ the trees. It may be said without e.xaK'Keration that the majority of the orchards are neglected, and that the maiorit\- of the ownirs do not realh' know what is meant by the terms proper ciilti\ation and c.ire. I do not wish to |uise as a "calaTnity iirojihet" but I am of the opinion that if the truit-j.;ro\\ers do not wake up and ap|)ly the principles that this Society has been advocatinj.; for many years there will soon be but few or- chards worthy of the name left. Are all the efforts made for many years bysuchmen.isCiibb, Craij;, Fisk, Shepherd, I)u|)uis, Chaiiais, Blair, Brodie, Jack. Dickson, Re\naud, and otlu rs to build up a fruit industry to go for nauijht.^ W. T. Maconn, Dominion Horticulturist, in his recently published bulletin, "The .-\i)ple in ("anad.i, " sa\s: "The ,ipi)le was probabK planted in what is now the Province of Quebec as early as in an\- part of ( anada. There are records which show that as long ago as \6U this fruit was being produced there and doubtless some seeds c.r trees were [)lanteil when the first settlements were made near the beginning of the scxenteenth century. While tlie apple industry has not grown as rai.idly in this province as in some other parts of Canada, there are man\ fairly large on hards, .iiid some new orchards are being planted every year. The c,i[)abilities of Ouebec for the i)roduction of apples of the finest api)earance and best f|ualit\- are verv great. It was in this province <1j^ _ • "v - ♦■■♦■** ; that the Fameust- appli- is thoiiulit to have oriuin.itid, and this is dih- of the varieties which ({rows to |Hrf<< lion lur . I.iivc other parts of (aiiatht there are Rreat op|)()rt unities in the IVovince of guehec for nrowin« apples. In the Ottawa and St. I.awreiue rivir \alii vs, thnuiKhont the eastern town- ships, and in other parts of die provinee there are ni.mv thoasands of acres which will ^row api)ies." William H. Hunting; in his kiport of a Simi iai [n(|uirv into Fruit Growing Conditicis in Caiiaila. l')11, says: The Fameuse. This section of the Province of (Juelier has hivn noted for many yeais for the pr(Kluction of lar^e (pi.tntities of dissert a|)ples, which reach per- fection over a considerable area. This would apply more particularly to the Fameuse, a very valuable apple of Canadian origin which has found a con- genial home in many parts of the prov ince. Montreal or Ouehec Fameuse have U'come very popular on .mow " he hcautiful appearance and hijjh quality of the fruit. Many thousai oi h irnk have been sold in the Ameri- can markets and exported to fore ,,i lands. Orchards are Declining. It is greatly to be re^jretted, however, that tlure is grave ilanger of this distinction being lost unless the horticulturists of the province awake to the gravity of the situation and seek to maintain their prestige. Many of the fine Fameuse orcharrls, if not already dead, are rapidly passing away and no concerted effort is being made to renew them. Many caust>s, some of them uncontrollable, but others arising from carelessness antl neglect, - have contributed to this condition. I'ublic attention should Ik.' called to the fact that the prmluction of apjjles is not increasing in the Province of Quebec to the extent it should, but on the other hand it is feared that the next few years will see a serious decre.ise unless steps are taken at (mce to remedy this situation. If hundreds of acres of new (jrchards of the tine dessert varieties were annually planted in this piovince a leady market would be found at high prices for all the fruit that could possibly be prmiuced, the value of the farms upon which the orchards were located Wf)ul(l be vastly increased, and a supply of fancy fruit would be forthcoming which is at the present time greatly needed. Remedial Measures. It is clear that the situation demands more attention than has been given it. It demands, in the language of the physician, tonics, proper exercise and good nursing. -j>tj JiJL (1) liuKr tin- lu.iil nl u>\ur> ni.iy Itv imhuUd am'tirirs tli.it in- tnxliuT vil.ility into thf fruit iiiiliiNlry, .iiul .iiudhk llu' i u.^t important are an incuMMil luniilxT of Drnioii^iratiun ()rilMrii> and I riiit Stations, aiid uriatcr » liort> to instnuM tlu' frnit-nrowiTs and tlif fanners ncni-r.illy in fruit ( ultiirf 1 r ite very liiniily tlie value of instniftion and demonstration, for exiR-rieiui lia^ shown tli.H inrrea^d pHxhiilion in ,iny line of industry ir, proporliunal to the aniouiil of iiitiHiv;enee put into it. Tiie vahie of I )emonstratioii on ii.inls i-, no lon^;er doul)ted. .uid more of them should lie estahlisiied during; lh«- i .unini; ye.ir. In (onnei lion with these more educa- tion.ii field nuetinns should lie held, and the experts should visit .ill the oreh.irds in llie nei^hhoiirho,).! for the purpose of uivinn help and advice. This i)ropai;.in(l.i would recpiire more men .md more motu-y for its successful prosecution, hut. .is I ha\e .ilre.idy s.ii b.ickw.ird. I should like at this point to imiiress iii)on you and the Department the very urgent iieiil for the enii>ioymeni of nun tr.iined in the sciences of pl.inl dise.ises, entomology .mil the plnsiology of orchard trees. To me it always seem strange ih.il more use i.-< not m.ule of such men by the Department. The V . S. Dep.irtmeiit of .Agriculture employs during the summer \.ication .i l.irge iuiml)er of tr.iined men froii, the I'niversities on special probli'iiis, .md the results h.ixe been highly satisfactory. In Canada the Geologic il Survey emplovs, during v.ic.ilion, university lecturers and professors on ~peci.il jiroblems. This commendable practice might be adopted b\ the i Hparlment of Agriculture of this province with much profit. There are several will tr.iined men in Macdonald College and the Colleges at La Tra|)pe .mil Ste. .Anne de l.i I'oc.itiere who are employed in lecturing to classes of students during the fall and winter sessions, but are free during the long summer \acation to undertake research work. These men, I say, should be employed b\ the 1 )epartmenl in the investigation of problems ■ "r'''^'5iy#*t wf' 'ij^lff^^^.i_i-: ij^Li-^ that are <>f eionomi. iiitrri'sl in tlu- truit-nn.wfrs. V\w total i.utlay of money woul'l In- iiwiKniln aiit in roiii|Mris<,n with thr valiu- of thf ri'sults that would likily !>»• achiivtil in a f»w >. I .^huiiUI likt' also to inipro-, upon tlu' ' powtr^ that !>«•" that an into- luologist is not neci-s-siirily •' pl''"< f)atholoKist, and thai wh»'n invi-stina- tions art- to U- undt-rt iktii llif two . la>M> of proMrms diinand two kinds of invi-stinators. Ma> wi- witm-ss U-foro lonn ihf inauguration of suih a policy as I have outlini-d.'' (.<). Irukr tlu- liiad of noov acknowledged that we have laen very remiss in the employment of siu h agencies, Montreal is our chief market, hut the citizens of Montreal take very little interest in our fruit. They know more about the fruits from the other provinces and the States, which as a rule are inferior to our main varieties. In these days of active cotnpetitirm wc must be prepared to boom our own wares if we are to hold our own inarkets. The consuming public must be kept informed of the merits of our specialties, and the press should be used for this purpose. Timely articles should appear regularly in the Montreal dailies regarding our fruit industry, the best apples for the home, and even receipes in which apples may be used. In tliese articles emphasis should be laid ui)on the fact that Quebec proiluces the best dessert apples in the world, that the industry is one which should be encouraged, and th.it (Juebec offers a more inviting field for investment in that regard than any other province. Another method oi advertising our ow n fruit would be to hold an annual exhibition in Montreal. Such an e.xhibit would not only create an interest in our fruit, but would also inform the consumers where fruit of the best quality can be secured directly from the growers. Other provinces have had their exhibits in Montreal, and have been rewarded by the opening up of a good market where they were able to dispose of many carloads of fruit. All kinds of advertising cost money, fnit gooil advertising alone pays, and we should see to it that it is done well. By whatever means it is done wc must look to the Provincial Department of Agriculture for financial help. This Society has been of considerable service for many years in keeping alive the fruit-growing s()irit in this province, and its otlficers have given freely of their time to the cause. We believe that the time has now arrived when a decided advance should be made through its agency, but more funds ^ ¥L. -.1 will be roqiiirwl; otheruiHc the Socit'ty will IxTuino nioribumi .mcl exert hut littlf iiiHuencf on the fruit-KrowiiiK (ntniutinity. I havi- iiulirated some ol the iiKenrieH that coiilil Ih- M-t in inotinii: what arc Wf K"inK t<> alniiit it? I IH-Iievc that we ithouUI get toKilhcr at thin nut-ling and thrash out a policy which we ran submit to the Minister for approval, there is r