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1

MICROCOTY RESOIUTION TEST CHART

lANSi ond ISO TEST CHART No 2l

1.0

I.I

1^

1^

12.2

1.8

L?^ Hi i-^ mil 1.6

A -jPPLIED IM/1GE jnc

SJ^ 'fc^j' tost Mo r' St'ept

S'.S '^'Xftester. N-« ufk M609 ■;SA

"-^ (-'6) 48; - 0.500 - Phone

^S f'''^) ■''58 - ^^89 - r.j.

.I'^imAM^imm;

^waSTvtiPS'SSS-;

t^-Vrrt^if

,*>..j}.i'-Cv*^ '"iu

CONSEUVATIOX OF THK lIKAIJIi (tF DO.MKSTIC AM.MAIS

^a&^ifi^

EVl DKNCK

or

Dii. J. G. liU'PIlERFOHl)

VKTKinNAIlY DIIJKCTOI! (JKNKUAL

r.IKol:!' IIIK

SKI.KCl^ STA N I) I XC; CO M M I TTEE

ON

AGRICULTURI^: AND COLONIZATION

19 06

PRINTED BY ORDER OF PARLIAMENT

Ab advance sheets of the Committee's Final Report

OTTAWA

PRINTED BY S. E. DAWSON, I'RINTKti TO THR KINGS MOST

EXCELLKNT MAJKSTY

190G

n :

I , :

■ j'

f

St

■ji

■ '« I,

CONTENTS

CONSERVATION OF THE HEALTH OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS, pp. S9-m.

Page.

Organization of the Health of Animals Branch 39

Duties of officers 3<)

Improvctneiit of the service 40

(Quarantine ports 41

Importations from the United States 42

ilrfjrulHtions 43

Permits to import 43

Period of quarantine 43

Horses 44

Swine 44

-\rexican cuttle 44

Animals in bond 44

I'xport stock 45

Number and disposition of inspectors 45

1 1 landers in horses 46

< 'niiiiikunicability of the disease 46

''liiiical symptoms of glanders 47

I li(' policy of compensation 47

i'he mallein test 47

< 'i.'ised reactors 4g

Payment of compensation 48

lugulations relating to glanders 49

Proportion and maximum of compensation paid 60

Hit • spread of glanders 52

I omparison of expenditures 63

\r<'ans of infections 64

I mportation of low grade horses 65

i'ossibility of curing glanders 58

! 'etinition of ' mallein,' ' reaction ' and ' clinical symptoms ' 58

Private use of ' mallein' 62

Mithod of applying mp .test 63

''tests 63

i'isiufection of stable?" 65

' Innders in man 67

Vitality of bacillus mallei 67

''ostmortems « 68

■ 'Irinders in Manitoba 70

Maladie du coit 72

t;-nary of horses slaughtered and compensation paid 75

' )i»iical symptoms 81

'■-pcotion of imported horses 82

ill! LorspR in British Columbia 82

i';eezcrs> ana dipping vats 83

' tou cattle disease 84

' "igla of the Pietou cattle disease 85

' partmental experiment in Antigonish 85

. "ep scab 90

• a-ulations relating to sheep scab 91

IV

( o A" r /■.•.%•/■>

.- i
•J

It

UoKlllillinlji In pll \( lit -hiimirllt nf illTlOtld sllrcp

Trealiiii'iit fi.r slii(|i sfnli

S!it'('|i •-'•ii!' >i. III. 1"<I I'll'

rriiMUtii'ii- iiK-ii">t ^li'<'!> ^'■iil> ''.V iiiiiwrtiitioii. . .
Syiii|itii|ii.~ i.f ^I'iili ill -111 I p

M:iiii;r ill ( 'allli

Onl'i' issue I f'lr tn iiliiniii nf iiiiiiip' iii ciiUlu

W.sli-ni S|..,U Cri.v.i !•-■ A»i'i'i;ilii'M

Svslcin 111' li-i'^itiiii'iil riil'iirci (1

Siicrcs-ful n-iill:- I'ri.iii Iriiitiiitiit •■( I'lillii' iiimiihc
A protest aciiiii-i liriti-li nii-CMii.'('pti"n «( tiKiiros.

rA<ii..

92
33
1)3
04

«5

Iliirs.. lini'iliiit; an. I n iiii'iiiits _

ilH
90

ino

101

IVcautidii- inl'oriv.l t.. prrv.iit sliipiiiiMit nf .lisi-iiscl .■iiltl.' j|^^

Or.lir 111 ciiiiiii-i

Appi'oM'.l n iin'-lv ti'i- r.iiili- iiianni'

Viilui' nl' Nmtliwi >l I'l'ttii' ( xporl

'l'iilM'r<'uliisi-i

'I'lio tria- r.- il.v ti.r ill.- .Tailicatioii ct tulirri'ulosis

A Vfiitilatii.il fist

An open air triiitiiifiil ".^

Aiiiiiinl vitiii statistics

Illiistrali.iii i.f l»r. ilulliiTfnni's v.iitiiatiiili H.vstorri

Ho..' cholera

Dcpartiiiiiilal nr.kr, Aluy 1, V.Wi)

Oiiyiii of linfr cliiilcra ill lir'.tish ColuMil'in

Iniporlatioii of lii'iL's fur slaiit-'litcr ■• •■• • ,' ',-' '• ' ',

KcK.ilntioiis riganliiiK traiisportalmn ol aiui.uil.- lietwecn Cnniula n.id I lute.l ^^^^

Inspr.-ll.iii of lur-s ciiicriiin Caiia.la for triiiisil ■ ^^^'^

V .rr,.ss made ill suppressint; Imn' diolora '-'

102
105
107
100
1011
110

113
117

li-
no

110

/'/.-. J. a. RUTIIKRFOKn, \-ETEIIlSARY Dl HECTOR QESERAL
0 EDWARD Vir. APPENDIX No. 2 A. 180«

CONSERVATION OF THK HEALTH OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS.

lIorsK OK I'l'MMnSS,

(.'OSIMITTKE KlX>.M :!l,

Ottawa, I-'riiruY, yiay 4, IftOC.

Til- Si 1( .'t Shiinliiifr rninmittrc (m AKricuItnn' and ( '(ilniii/i\lli)n met Iutc itiU
(Liv ill 10 n'llock n.iii., Mr. .MoKnizli', cliiiirmiin, pn .-iiliii«.

Dr. Ki Tlll:iiit'iii>, Vi tiriiuiry Dirtetur tiditnil, uii|«:iroiI licfon. llip roiniiiilti .■ li.v
rpc|ii(st iiiicl ^va^ (xaiiiiniil n* fullows: —

Mr. Clnurm'in (ind (icnilnnrn : — I hnvo In ru n sliort iiitni'liicldry '■tatcinriit whiih
I would like to read t.i tin- Coniinittpc. I liavc notes upon n varirty of sidijcct.s wliicli
•ih CoiMiuittcu may aftiruanU di'.~ire to discuss and the selection of ulik-li can bo lift

I ■ tlicui.

fiiii;\\i/.Mio\ OK Till'. iii;vr.Tii oi- animals nitwcil.

Althoiipli it is II-. w a littl(> over four yrars since I pntircd upon the duties of niv
J i - m ))usiiion, thi< i-; the lirst occa.sion upon wliich I liave liad tlie lionour of ap-
I'.Tiiff in person hcfoi-c tiiis Coinuiittec to ^ivi an account of the niaiuier in \vlii<'h.
t '\. liavi^ been pci-foriurd.

'i'h. isp inenibi r-( who liave niul thf statcinrnts which I Iia\o suhiriitt<-d eacli y(>ir

! which form part of the a'ln-.ial report of tlie Minister, are aware tlint tlie period

;■ ( iilir)necl has wilno--cd scver.d important ehanp'S of policy and that \vhat(V<'r else

1 .ly he charKKl ajfaiiist tliat branch of the inihlic service wiiich is unclt.r my supcr-

\ . : '11. it cannot rcas<inably be accused of iMacti\ily,

j DlTlr.S OF OI-FICKIIS.

The duties of the officers under my charp-e are twofoLl, an<l comprise first, the
(:: ri'cmint of mi'asurrs intended to prevent tlie introduction to Canada of cout:\-
p . :s diseases afTcctinf.' animals and second the adoi)tion of the best and most eff. c-
u\i: methods of eonlrollinp and where possible erndiratin^ such maladies as already
!i ',c an cxistenc: ainonp the live stock of the country.

Previous to my appointment the supenision of these duties forna d part of the
u :k f>f the official staflF of the department aclin;? under the advice of tiio thin Chief
V rinary Inspector who, owing to non-residence and otlier reasons, was not in a
p lion to act in an executive rapacity. <

.\eting under instructions from the Minister, I began immediately after entering
'': - fvice to establish the Il'iilth of Animals Branch and to recogni/e the viterinarv
\ of the department on entirely new lines.

This depinture has entailed considerable effort and while present conditions leave
\ iiiiich to be desired T hope to bo able to show that the change has been benefieinl
ai '! tliat rci'souablo progress has been made in the direction of seciiriiig an cfTectivo
f;;i ' ^atisfiictory veterinaiy service. It is easy and by no means unusual to under-
<•> iiiato the imiiortaiice of this branch of the public service, for the reason that so
!• I :■ as its work is eflfectively performed it attracts, in the very nature of things, but
li'' altiiilioii. If is only when some destructive disease has ebt.iined a foot-hold
f.t!: '.LT rhe live stock of a country that the public realizes to what an e.xtint it i~ depi ud-

- ^5 39

mmsm^

lywi

I; ''^4

40

rF.Ti:niSAKY in rector uhskral

6 EDWARD VII . A. 19M

rnt tiiv.n tlic (>rtnini7:i>tion cniitMlliiiff such mntfort. It \n not oilvi-tnblp, for obvinii*
r.ii-..iis to iitlruct piililic iiti«tili"n to tlio |)P('.s.ni'0 »f <li«'i\H(< no loner as nil propor
111. mis iirp Ixitnf 11,.. I to ki- r- i' ""'I'"' <-'>'>troI. and in \\\'\* wn.v ^ will .•oTii|ii<-t.-.| v.f-
rriimry siinitary mtvLv U ■■liiir^i. I.ti/.m! hy im nli-.n.v "f tli:it puMicily wliK'li <lo.5
» . riiii.li to iillinrt fiivuurnl'l.' iiit.iilion I., niiiiiy oili'T l.riiii.'lu''*. AkMin, it \* natur

iillv nil miiu.pul.ir wrvi.v I nu--' of tli.' fa.'t tliiit it \a itni».-<-iil)li» to put info ofTrct

bm'% r.i.Mil;ili..iiH for tlii> pr.A. iH imi nr .•..ntml of .iiiinml .li*ii-«-^ without nitorf.TimT
with 111.' I.uvn.^-t ..f -on.. iii.|i\l.|o:il ..r ih rlmii^ l.lo.Kini? for ii tiin.' lit l.ii»t. tlir oi.li-
iiarv .■liiiiin. I- of tr.i.l.-. hi tlii-. iit;.' of , nliKlit..iiiM.iit it U s.-l.loin ttiat p'opl.. ol,j,.t

H.rioiwlv or in iinv irr.Mt ii.nnl..r-. to 111.' .iifor.'.-iii' nf of ni.M-iurr-i .l.vni..! n ^--nrv

to priv.'nt th.' spr.M.l of .- i,t„i.i,.iH .li^.ii^o ain..nif liuinnn 1.. iiiUM. l.iit lli.ro nr.' iiiaiiv

p.-!H.ins. parti, ularlv in ( ..i.a.i i. wli... lm%iiiK loit litll.' .'V|-Ti.ii .f nninial plairu.-

,1,. not ,,Hy.t fully appn-.' ai.- iIh' iiM|Kirtaiir.' of .l.aliiiK with th.iii in n t.iorouifh mil
ilra-'ti.' niiinniT.

iMi'iioM MINI of Tin; sf.nviii:.
In a r-i" r.ii way, .v.ry . iToi! lia^ I...11 inn.l.' to iiiipr..vo thn m>rvi.v nn.l inona-^

it < .lii.-i..; <■ . 1 1 • I 1

I'll.- Animal ( '..iita^ioii-i |ti-oa>.s A.t ha?' Ii.. n rovi-..,l ami nnrn.V.l. willi Hi
t.siilt oi' taakinn it^ provi-i .lis in niaiiy rc^pi-'lt iiion- worknM.-. N'.'W r.'sriilafi..ns f .-•

tl.- .• ntrol ..f conti^'io::- .li-.a-- hav. 1 n .Iraft.'.l fin.l hroudht into foroo.

Hull tin- hav.. 1 .•. 11 l~-:i.' I a-i o.,a-.ion ,l.iiuiii.l..l an.l no r.'a-»..nal.!.' 'tT.irt 1. 1
l..,M sparcl ill th.- .li-s.aiiiiiali..n .'f m^. fill inloniiati..ri r.'>rnnliii»; th.' .litT.avnt 111;, 1.:
,!!• - .1 alt witli l\y tin- .l.'i art 111. n!.

An .ariiiMt (-n.l.MVonr \\a< I. mi nia.l.' t.> U.'.p pa.v with lli.' rapn! .I.v.I.ipnyit ■'

,1, nlrv nn.l ih.' lanr.' in.T.a-.' in its live ^^..^k int.T. -^t... A nunih-T of iww 111 p

„„- liiv iM.n .ii-ar"'. an.l t.. as waf nil .'Nt..iif n* p..-isil,l.- th.n- liavo boon j.. r-o.
.,ils i,wti-u.t..l in tl,. ..■ var;..o- .lati.s. In tlii^ .•.,nn.M.ti..n I wouM «ay that (.'r..al <• "
1, m.,. s-arv in th,. .-l.vfi..n ..f ih-.. in..n. Th.. fa.'t .,f n man h.in« nn "M-ti"'-'

or "kilful prnctiti..n.T is „.. ^ruaraiil. : hin suitahilily tor sanitary w,.rk. lo 1,11 ,

,„,^lti,.n a ■plaMv. a v, l.rinary 111, isl hav.' .-.■rlain ati iil.,il.-s oftii. In.'kinv m il,.

.linary v. t.Tiiiarian. an.l if is 1,0 <-.x<y matfr f.. tiiM imlivi.luala who. whi!.' .a].,
, r..l'. s-i..nally, ar.' :,!-o ,...s.. ,-,,l of tli.s,. six'.-ial .pialiti.Mti.ms wlii.-h in.'lii.lo, an,.'
,.:l,r- ta.-t. Miavlfv, iii|. ^'I'ily. an.l iih.iv.. all ols.-, sonn.l (•oniiii..n s.-ii-,..

r..r vari..i,s ..l.vi.ns rias.,iis if is m.t .h'sirahl.', .■^.■.•pt mi.l.'r six'.ial .■iiviinistan.
to .■iiipl.,v a.s in>|..-..tors v. f.Tiiiarians (-ni,'a(,'.'il in (.'.■ii.Tal practico

Tho'tn.ai l<-.-t snil.'.l f..r tin- w.,rk arc r.v.nt urahiafM of ^acA pI.ts*. liavu,'; •
vai-!..,is .pnilill.s ,„. nti,.iM.l nhovo. n.>t yvt narrow..,! by Wal pra.'ti.r, snlli.M- 1

w,.ll ..inipp. .1 as I,. L.a -al .■.i,ioali..n t,> l-<- ahlo t.. .•..nipr.'h.'n.l tlw .s.a.aif I 1 *

of lu.Hl.rn ,-anita'-^- an.l pr.'V.nfivo work, and if possihl.. without cmaimbramTS wl; ,
may hin.l, r th. ir rapi.j lraiisf..r fn^n pla.n. to phioe as .wthrciks of .lis.-as.<".ir .;li.
iiiL' .•..n.iiti.m- in this vn.-t .•..iintry .i.'inanil.

Sn.'h iiKii atv .-.■ar, • in any .•..untry. ami in ("ana. la, perhaps 1 .sic.-ially ?■•, '■
r.a-. n.- r.ii whi.'li I 11',. 1 -ot h. re ilwcll.

Wh.'ii ,.n.,' M,-,ir.,l ; ml pMixTly I rain.. 1. a !;o,«l vi't.Tinary in-p,vtor i.s a v
nhl.' a-.s. t an.l -h..iiM !<■ m ii.-.l a.'....r,lin.rly. lie miist b.> pai.l s„lli..i..ntly well I

lure him to r.

•main in the M'rvic<'. ami t., im|>

r.ive hinis<'lf with n rirw to pron

1 he niii-t he yiiaraiit.v.l p.rinan.ait eiiip!..ym<iit. In ita.st other tontitrii^, 1

the rnlt.-.! Sfaf.'S. v.'t.rinary ins|,e,-l,,r.~

r.. ri-.iiiir.ll to pasw n qualifying ('x;i

ti..n l-'fore h<ansr ap|ioin

t.-.l. Aft

fai'tory s.-rvi.'. . the,'
pansp.

:er appoihii'ii'ii
il,

arc ixriiiaii.'iit em|iloy<-. -

t ami )iroof of ability t^i renib'r -
1.1 eaiinol he reiii'iv.Nl fxeopt f n'

lie a. I'll

,fi..n

.f

eh system in C'.inaila woiil.l he a t.'ri'at advantatrp t

servie.' am
country.

1 through it, to the large an.l rapidly growing live stock interests

rnwsKur.irioH or run nKHTii or nnuFftric Asnttis 41

APPENDIX No. 2

.\ji it will bo nuito imposMMc to (jivr, in tlio itliort timo nt tlio .Ii>iH,yiil of the

"iniHloi-. 11 il.'l.iil.xl nccoiifit ..f iii„ wnrk ilntip iliiritin the |>ii~t f..iir \.mi>. I h'II, \miIi

ir [xrini-'M.iti, r..|i(iii.' ni.v-. il' l.> u «li,)rl Btalciintit covering llic priricl|ml [wiinl'*,

I, III I'oiimcli.iii with llic (|Uiirimliii.' nKniii^t iiiil-<iil iiiilri. <, iiikI MllrrwMrd-. .1. al-

.M lir'-tly ,is |...-<,il.I>> witli <M<li ,,f thr Miri.m- .li~. ,..i^ |..«.inl< tlir cnntrMl ,,( wlii.ji
r rlFort-i iiri- Uing (iirri-tni,

I I

:l

<ji miwtim: I'liiii-i.

Tli^' oiil-i,|,. quaMiitin.- -1, rvi.v .,f ||„. |),„iiiiiinn \* iirtl.irallv ilivi.I.J into t^n

'"'"■'• '" '' "'"'ii i-' intiiKJci t(. Kimril iiKiiiuM llio iiilri..lii,;tiHti of .lis.uHc frcmi

V •!« aiKJ nlli.T <Mniiitri.'M .,v,t hcu.j, while the ..lli.r i* tiiiiiiitiiiii<'<i fur lli.- iiiiriB*.i

i'l. V. iiliiiu till' iiii|iurliili(iii of i!;*-ai*r.l iiiiinmU from tlio I'liil.d StiifcH.

111. I'.iH aviiihilp|i. f.ir llio iiii|Hirtiitiiiii of nniinaU from foiititrir.-i otlur lli.iii

of NoriL Aimri.ii nri- Halifax, St. Jolm. ( lir.rlottctown niid Qiifhcc, on tli.'

i.ii,. sialH.anl, iiit.l Vaticoiivir ami Victoin on tlic I'acitic .•oa.it ; tli,. two hill ;•

.■>.r. Ixiri- naturally hut mi l.jom iis,..l ix. ■ pi for animals .■nicrin;; from tho

I ■! Mal.~. Of III, .\ihiiili.' ports mrnlionc.j i|ic riiiarantino Btation at Qui 1.. ,•

^ far tin- niortt imporiaiit. iis it is thon- that llic niajoril.v of aniniaU imported from

I"' .nhr Cannila iliirinn llu' Hcanon of smiimir iiaviKalion. 'I'lii-i -lation, whiili

I.', ii in I'xiitriicr siii.i' l^Til. \A sitiiati'il wit.liin the vnrd of Fort No. :; at roint

and, whil,. iho lmildinj,M aro inoxixiLMVo. it is will planind. ami hat lo,:>f hi. n

roM,hi,-t<'d h.v l>.\ Coiitnr,. and a stall of pmuiiient cmplnvios nndiT his ronlrol.

: ;riii.!ii4 acc.ininiodalion for ncarl.y o(HI catll,. and nhont V,<H) shfop, ami is laid out

■. to permit of the ah-ihili. i-olalioii of iho >stoek of eaeii iiniiorlcr. Its siliialjon

\. . lleiit, and it would he an ideal ipiarantino Hiatioii were It not for the faet that

' :■ 1 xisliri;,' eoiilitions .inimaLs, after huidin),', must he drivrn for a eonsiderahlo

■ <■!';■ .iver tile piihlie hiL'lnvay heforo reaeliinff their ipiarters, Owiiij; to the jM^euIiar

.'liplnea! eonditlons it has until r.eeiilly Uh'u iiraetieally impof.~ihle t.i r<'meiK'

- -1. of ntraiis. Latterly the eonstriietion of the Levis Klivtrio Kailuay has siii:-

I ilii. po-^^ihility of eoiiveyinn the animals direet from the wharf to the .stati .n

"1. :ui- of eleetrie traetioii. i he adopti f tliis plan woidd render the estahli>h-

ot Iho safe-;t and most perfect quarantine station."* in the world, and won!,)

'v li-sen the risk of eonveyinjr iiifeetion to animals in the neihhhonrhood.

At Halifax I found the remains of a quarantine station which had for .some time

i o|, tlie Dartmouth side of the harheur, havinsr heen eonsfructeil there at a

Alien it was possihie to re.ieh it hy means of a hrid^c which has since heen de-

I. Finding that the huildiiiKs were hadly out of repair and that it was impo^si-

ivaeh it hy rail from the deep water terminus, except via Windsor Junction.

eiilailiMl a lonp and expensive journey. I have, with the apjiroval of the minister,"

i'd In .^ecirins: a .Miilahle -iUMnthecity of Halifax on thi- (-,,tt-.n factory si. iii-jr,'

■ a.ci -silde hy rail from deep water. On this property, which is admirably suited

' I'liri"'-"'. a new and e, iio.liuiis ipiarantine stahle has heen erected, which

I iliink, furnish srtlieii nt .iccon iiiodatlon for the comparatively '-mall luiinher of

:'!■ t~ wiiieh enter via ihis port.

At St. ,Iohn. X
iiion. and
ground an<

l!runswi,k, 1 found that the department had no re.fful
that the f)nly accommodation for animals was furni>-h, d

id.r 1

cral very ordinary hnilditips situated on tl

iir qiiaran-
l>y a Muall

lease hv

the d

1;
Pi-

r.,
iit
1,

epartiiK 'it.

imporle,! animals ihroufih the puh

le ont>kirt< of the ei(i
■station also could only he reached 1,

itahle pi

emisc:

.\fler

stnets 1 iIioukIu it advi

to secure

xperiencinp considerable diflieulty in the selection ..f

I'lot of frronnd five and thrce-ipiartcr acres in extent has been leaded

.d from the Depirlmeiit of Kail

nt a riomi-
nd Canals. 'Ibis, like the new u-rounds

ax, is siluateil on a railway sidintr, so that

conveyed to the quaruntiiio without being nllowcd to come in eontact with

animals landinj,' nt St. John can

any

1

i

I;

U .1

42

XUERiyARY DIRECTOR QESERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

animal or thing likely to be the means of spreading <lisi ase. Two stablrs are in course
of <r.i-tion aii<l the new slalinn will, if all goes well, he remly for oceiipatiou almost
inimeiliately.

At l'harlott( town, Prinee lldwarj Island, where imi'orted stock is seldom Inndi.l.
it has not Ikmmi found necessary to cslaMish a jiernianent qnarantine station, althou^^li
an inspcetor is employed at that point.

At Victoria. IJriti-h CuliMMhia, a lease has been secured of a small property at ;
jMiint near the outer wharf. On this property are situateil some ohl buildings used i:i
former years by the <lepartiii>'it for (piaranline puriios< s. These have been put in r. -
pair and slightly altc-reii s;i as to furnish accommodation for any aninuds arriving fr, ";
the I'nited States, which it may be found necessary to place in quarantine.

At Vancouver no station has as yet been erected owing to the uncertainty of lo( ,1
railway construction and the l(jcation of new stock yards at that point. As soon : -
these matters are seltleil it is the intention to construct at Vanco\iver a station ainiil r
to those which have been erected along the International boundary line in Briti :h
Columbia and which I will sliortly describe.

IM1'(.11TAT10NS nto\[ THE LXITKU STATLS.

The quarantine service along the boundary between Canada and the Unified St;. I
was found to be defective in a variety of ways, and since assuming otlico it has bi .
neces.sary to devote each year a good deal of attention to its improvement. In hia-^l.
Canada the number of animals imported from the United States is very small an.i
lias not, therefore, been thought iu<eessary or advisable to go to any great expens,
the construction of quarantine stations, which, und( r existing regulations, are, willi •
sitin-l,. exception of that at Sarnia, used only for the accommodation of swine imp.'!';
f(.r breeding purposes. Kange horses imported fmni >vept of the ]\Iississippi river, -. :
of the eastiTu bo\indary of the state of .Minnes..ta, are admitted at Sarnia. while s'
must enter at q\iarantine stations; all other aninuds can enter at inspection pnris ,
• f Itainy river without being sul..ie<-ted te quarantine.

lu addition t« Halifax, St. .7nhu, Cliarlottetown and Qu<bec, at which, of ('e ;

animals from the United States will b(> r •Ived when m'cessary, the (piarantine •

tions ii\ Kastern Canada are Sherbrooke aiul St. -lohns, (Jueliec. Niagara Falls. W 1:
sor and Sarnia, In Ontario. At Wind-er and Xiatrara Falls small buildings have!
, rect( (1 by the d •partment. At Sherbroeke a site has been secured on which it i- ■
pM,e,! to iniild a small -iable; while at St. Johns the lunuber o{ animals bnoiehi \
s,. limited tiiat it has searcely been considereil advisable to make permaiu ut i>re
f..r iheir aceianm-'lati'.n. .\nim.ds siib,i(>et to insp.>i'liou only, but which are u..-
j(cl to qu;irautin(\ may ( at. r at any of the .•ir..re-;aid ports, as also at Fictou. N ■

Svdnev an

,d Y

[irniou

fl.

X.S.. St. Stephens, Woods). „k and :MeAdam ,1

unction.

Comln's Mills, U-ke MeLMiitie. ('oatieo,,k. Stan.-tead .hiPctii'U. -M;insniiville. Ah. i
St. Avniand, Uous, ".■. F'inr. Athel-tano an<l Dundee, (.lue., Cornv,all. I'n-eott. F
ville. {'nrouto. F.rl<i;.'''!ir;', Sauli St(\ Marie, I'ort Artliui- and Kainy Fiver, On'
th'iMiili. uilh tile : xe, pii"P ..f li'T-.s eri;;iriating in the . -tern United Stat( s and
v;ii-i('i'e- of sto.k pa--ii:- iliro'uh Canada in tran-it to United States ports, they ■
I ,■ , Namiiied by one < r 'il! v •■( lb" qualified veterinary- iiisjn ctors of ibe departiiM ■

fn \V( -! ■rn (';in;i.i •. owioir n. the large inqiorlation- of li\<' stoek and the ih e
local condiiion.^. it li'- 1" en l-oud n. ees-ary to auand in several iiiipi>rtant ri
the rpiaraniiih- n :; 'ilat Ions wliieh were in t'orc four ye;irs ago.

■I'll . in-Mii'i'.ii • \ 'Mn fid iiKi'iirl-- a- I" the omlmu ..f oiMbn a!,s of di-ease b
(liselosed ihe fact that di>eased aninials wi re beiiii-' iniportod from ilie Uniti'd Si.,:
was decided to put an liid to the " I. t lui" ' ...ysleni. wioeii eiiai.ie.i .■luiiiiais n.
Ilio boundary at any jioiiit. on eitnlilion of reporting at the !lr-t cu-.',omdi(nise •.'

thev init;ht r. a<-li. x- , -i-. > >

ve accordinglv b. en e-iabli-he,! at North Fort;

Quarn
Mountain,

ni me
Will

uw

stations
''re

k, I'endant d'On

Colitis ami

am

1 at r;. h vi

CONSEHVATIOX OF TDE BEALTa OF DOMESTIC AXIVALB |3

APPENDIX No. 2

til. se points a vctoriiuiry siir-con is located. No live stuck of any kind is iKTmilttd to
C10S-; tlu; boundary at iiny otluT point in SaskatcLcwan and Alberta.
J in .Manitoba, a similar qnarantino station Las been < roe ted at Emerson, the pro-

im- s lormcrly ns. d there bein- .-ituated at some distan-e from the railway and sov-
isal n i!(.s troin r!ie boundary.

Ouin- I,, 1 -•111 railway eondili^ns. however, it lias not hitl^Tto been possible to
pnliibit alto.j,etiiiT the entry of settlers' sUx-k, and of S(,me other ehis-.rs of animals, at
\;iii .1 s i^spt.'tion points in tliis provinee, althoiifcdi all uiibrokeu horses, and all swine,
:r' Mrmpcljed to ( nier the country at Kmerson.

The inspection ports referred to are (intna, ilor.lm. :Mnwbray, Crystal City, Kil-
1. ii!(y, ])elo.'-iine, ilelita and \Vinni|)e£,'.

Ill JSriti.sh Columbia, stations have been erected at (iateway, Xelson and ;Mi(lw:iy,
xibile insix!ctors are also stationed at Grand Forks and (.)snv.,os. Quarantined corrals
b.ur been erected by the railway cunipanies at Sumas ami lJou.das, animals bein-f in-
s|cciMl there bcfiire crossing the boun.lary. it beiii},' tlie intention, as above stattMl, to
pi- .u !e in the ne;ir future, a quarantine station at Vancouver, which will serve, not
ei.i. lor animals broujiht in at these points, but for such as may arrive by boat:

ii will probably be necessary in the near future, to con.-,(ruct ipiarautiiu: stations
; t 1 riiiceton and Grand Forks, while provision will liavi- to bo made for the inspection
. ;■ .iiuinals entering at Kingsj,i,te, over the new Canadian Pa<ufie Kailw.iy line fmni
Si. •'..alio.

I 1 a-

1 ■;'■

nix;'r. \i i.ixs.

Tie order in council embodying .\nimals (Quarantine Reg-ibitions having been
d in ]s97, it was found necessary, in order to mei t altere<l conditinns, to amend its
■-lens from time to time, and finally, in order to prevent cniifn-ion and mi.=unde:r-
iHiig, a new order was passed and camo into elTeet on ^Mareli -"O, 1901.

ri;i!Mns tij imimiit.

.\iiioiig the nie.st important cliangcs '.vas one providing that intending importers
:i eniinliics othef than tlie United Sl.itcs sliould first obtain a permit from the
;- er ef Agriculture, as only in this way is it possible for the department to prevent,

■ I attracliiig undue attention, the importation <'f aiiimals fi-om countries in
li ilisease may hapiien to cxi>t. It is also a means of furnishing very necessar;

■ ee. inf irniation as to the numler and classes of animals likely to bo imported,
;l;e quarantine station at which their owners decid, d to have theui detaine,].

I'l'IUelJ (,1- yi; MtANIlM:.

le pei-io<l of (luarantinc on cattle imjnrte,! fi-,,m (ireat I!i'ila!n, Ireland an 1
annel Islatnls. has been reduced from ninety to sixty days, whi],. remai,,;,,,,
inniiir ligure in the ease of animals in.port'd freni other ceunlries.
!!le Ki.\ meiiths old iT ovcr imported from eouutrii -- eth. r tlian the I'nited
and ,Mc_'\i(.-o, are now subniittKl to the tuberculin t(~t while undi ri;eing quar-
tlie-e reacting being permanently (armarkcd. Clinical ca-es may be slauudi-
s I'oriieriy. without cfuniieesa'Ion.

ll..!isi;s

\\e-lii!i ranee li-iises, if b^o]^en, may be adniiif.d at any quarantine or inspinv
ti-M, • !■!, the insp. cioi-s, however, having the power to det.ain them, and deal with

44

TETERINARf DIRECTOR OENERiL

■^':t

^

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1908

thi-m ns circumstances may render ailvisablo. Unbroken range horses can enter only
at (lunrantine stations and must bo accompanied by a health certificate signed by
either a federal or stiito insix-ctor, but shall nevertheless be subject to detention, dip-
rini:, ttstins witli niallcin. or other treatment which the insi)ei'tor may con-^ider n-^-
cess.iry,

SWINE.

All swine entering from the United States must now be accompanied by a cer-
tificate signed by an inspector of the United States Bureau of Animal Industry stat
iiig that neither swine phiguo nor hog cholera has existed within a radius of five mill s
of the prenii>es in which they have been kept for a period of six months preco<lim'
shipment. Such swine are, nevertheless, inspected, and must undergo quarantine for
a period of thirty days.

MEXICAN CATTLE.

An entirely new departure was caused by the action of some of our western stoel.
men in introducing lar^e numbers of young cattle from the Republic of Mexico. Thi-
trade, which began in l'.M)2. is in my opinion, attended with no little danger, as tb
country from which the animals come lies south of tlie United States Texas fevo
quarantine lino. The majority of the ^fcxiean cattle which come to Canada original'
in the state uf Chihuahua, which so far as I am able to discover, is entirely free fr.m
tirk-fever, altliough c.ittle in the adjoining rtates to the west, east, north and soiiti
are atfert. d. No Mexican cattlo have been allowed to enter Canada unless aceoni
panied by a certificate of one of the United States inspectors, in fiddition to whiel
they are carefully inspeetxd before crossing into Canada. The great danger, ho\'.
ewn lies in the possibility of infected cattle entering Chihuahua from the neighbou'-
ing Stat s of Coaliuila ami Sonora. The :>,lexican government, which maintains pri.
tically no veterinary s:initary service, and is very careless about such matters, b.
now promised, however, to take steps to prevent the movement into Chihuahua -
cattle from infecte.l territory.

Should these iironiises not be fidly carried out, I think it will be well to in-
hibit, in the mar futore. the importation to Canada of these Mexican cattle.

As in tlie cnse nf animals brought from over seas, a permit is now necessary I
fore importatiois from Mexico are admitted.

AN-IMALS IN nOND.

The eania'^e of animal? in I'ond across some parts of Canada, from one T'lii'
States port to another has been iilaeed under new restrictions, much more stringent tl
those formerly in force, espeei:il attention being paid to the inspection of hogs, and
the ears containing tliem, as also to the manner in which they are dealt with chn'
their passnge thr(i\igh Canndi-tn territory.

Bi.'fo.-e leaving this subjec't. I might mention the period of grave anxiety thm-
which wo passed iliiring the prevalence of foot and mouth diseases in New Engl ;
iu 1002 and T-iO'!. Wliilc the diseise existed in New England, it was neeess.-iry
adopt the -tronge-t possible' precautions to prevent its introduction into Canada,
numler ef othcers were appointed, with instnicilnns to see that no animals origii
ing in the quarantined states were permitted to cross the frontier. All ret\irning -t
_ " „!.„ 4l„^r.',iinl,Iv eli'^iiised and disinfected on the American side.

KXPORT .STOCK.

Somi' impr.nenients have also been effected in the methods of dealing with .= '
intended for export. It was formerly the custom to inspect only those leaving Ca

■■'I

li

coynERVAnoy of the nEAirn of domestic ammals tf

APPENDIX No. 2

dian SL.aiK)rts animals shipped from Boston, Portland and other points being allowed
lo proe-eod without exaim-ation. This has now been altered, the present regulations
,K>inanding a careful vetermary inspection by Canadian officers, of all such stock. The
-Auio. ru ing applies to sheep e.xported to the United States, this latter condition being
renaurod necessary by a somewhat serious outbreak of sheep scab which took place in
W wt.ni Ontario duriug the winter of 190-1-05, at the outset of which some diseased
ainuials were unt.,rtuiiately discovered among those shipped to Buffalo

In many other minor ways the regulatious have been ren.lered more stringent,
villi the result that, while tliere is yet considerable room for improvement, our export
iiM.l,;^juiA bi-cii pluci,! en a much safer and more satisfactory basis tliaii formerlv.

>ow I have here notes on the various diseases with w'hich wo deal and if there is
my partK-uhir disease that the conmiittce would care to discuss this morning I think

read what I have written on it and then '>pen the dis-

uouid
■•-i'>n.

better to lit

By 21 1: Mdcl.arcn :

(). What has be. n done with regard to glanders > I find in my riding a lot of

•~ have U-m .shot. The animals were brought in from some part of Western

1. 1 would like to know the particulars with regard to that and what is being

.\. In that particular case or shall we take up the disease of the glanders ? There
IV ,1 very large number of g(-iitlemen here who, I have no doubt, are interested in

.•'■■Milers.

11,11

Jii/ Mr. Hlain :

. Before you eommtnco another subject may I ask : Is the order in council to
you referred as having been passed in March, 1904, very lengthy ?
. It is.

. It is a long document ?
. Oh, yes. very long.

r. Bl.vin.— I was going to suggest, if the document was not too lengthy, that
lid be attachc.1 to Dr. Rutherford's introductory remarks and printed.

By Mr. Wihon :

. Why should it not be anyway ? A page or two makes no ditferenco ?
. That could easily be done, although I would prefer to wait a little because it
iMt.ntion to have it amended again very shortly and if it is going to be widely
uted It would be better to liave the amen.led e<lition of the order in council than

M-.Mlii;H .\.M) DlSl'OSITION or INsi'tCTOKS.

By Mr. I.i wis

«.'. How many outside inspectors have you ?

■\. P>csides those in this city 2

I.I. Yes.

A, Wo have in tlie neighbourhood of a hundred.

ij. Where are they principally ?

A. riiin- are all over the country, sir. from Halifax to the Yukon.

II y Mr. It iV.s-on ; •

(^ Will you bo able to get that order in council revised in time to go out witih

>■ I r rvideiice i

A. I am afraid not, Mr. Wilson, it is a very delicate business.

46

VETEHIXARY DIHECTOR GEXERAl

'I

.;* *

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

Hon. Mr. FisiiKR.— I am sure tlmt the order in iHiuiicil referro.l to hiia I't^n pri Ity

wiikly (listrilnitnl— thnt is tlio order in counoil wliiih einliodics the reRiilatioiis. Yoii

SCO it is two years old and during that i)criod it lias been spread broadcast over tho

country. 1 would not like to say how many eopics have been distributed but T think

li; number \\i]\d<l amount to 12,0(10.

I)r. Kltiiimmoup. — Yes.

Una ifr. l-'isiiiii.— Trclably fro!n IS.fKIO lo 20,000 eoiiies have been sent all ii\,r
tht> cniintry, su I think llii' information whii-h the order in eouueil e.'iilains is l^'' ":■
well known. To stnd it o\it iiKain when it is likely to be i-hansred in a month or iw-
woubl be uinvl~e.

Pr. I'll nil iMMUii. — If lb.' e.iuuiiittre would pardon a su^'f:<'stion J would ' "' tli, ;
my (".IT. siuiiidi luc would iiulieate that glanders is altraelint: mon? atlenliou t. if;i.-
out ill" ri.unlry tliau auythiii}; else and it mifibt jierbaps be us well to di.-euss that sul
jeet lii->t.

^Ir. l■'i^lIl.l!. — You bad better go on to sjieak of glanders.

GLANPFRS IN 1I01!S1;S.

Dr. IJi TUKUFOiti).— 1 regret to report that this disease, one of the most daiifrero'
iiud in-idioiis maladies otTeotiuf,' any of the d.musiio animals, still exists to a \. .
siriou- extent among horses in several widely ditlereut parts of the Dominion.

I'revious to 1902 it was not dealt with by this department ex<'epli in; thif S''u- '.
v>..~i loriitories and in one or two i^olated instaneis olsewhere, its control beinr !■
t . tir- variou'^ provinces, several of which liail le^'islation on the subject of a luoro .
!.-- olTective character, while others gave it no atttution whatever.

Tu the year named, however, on aseertainins that it was threatening' to bt-c..;:
( I i/.i.itie in some iiarts of Ontario and (iuebee, it was rcsolveil to briuf? it under ri
(r|i ration of the .\uimal Contafrious Diseases Act. This was accordingly done.
( xcjition boiuLT maile in the ca.se of Manitoba, when- the legislation wa- of su.l;
nature as to jn rmit of its being dealt with in a fairly elTectivc nuMiner by the \-v
viucial authorities, acting through their own inspectors.

/?./ Jh: Si.r.nilc :

Q. !Miirht I stop you one moment there. What distinction do you make bctw
cpi/.ootic !i<l epidemic i

A. Dem iS mean.- iivoplo and Zoon inciuis an .inlnnd. Epidemic would be a di?
alTceting peoi)le and . |ii/.ootie :\ disease atTecting aninuils.

Q. F.plzootlc atTccts jieopl.' a.s will '.

A. That is perfectly true, but on lb., wliolr ilu I'e is that general distinction. V.
is the diti'oronce.

nl.^lM^^n■A^.lI.^ V of tiii; iiisi;.\sk.

Sine- till di-.'..viry of niallcin in l^OO, a eomijlete change, due to the inform::
nciiuired tliro.i;h i's iisf. has talan ]iiaeo in the views by modern \ cteririarians T< :
iiiir glander-. it i- ii'.w doiinitiiy known that many horses are affected while, f' ■
time beiiiL'. pn-i iitiiiL- uo apparent symptoms, the disea.«G being confined to tl:-
tcrual orL'^:.iw o|' which the lung-; are most generally involved. This being so, it :■
without .^;iying. tleit the metliod formerly followed in dealing with glanders aii'i
in voL'iir in -oiuo r ..ii.iiiis, hah.i'l.v. ilii s;aughr,r of li.-.rs. s .ihowii.g clinical s,v;v.: '
onh, is (■;:tii'' ly iuadeepnite. l-isperii uec h:is shown that where one or more cli
eae< ar.- found in a >t:i!le. it is almost a certainty tluit some of the animals '
have l.<en dirieily nr indirc-ilv in contact with ib.em, are also ath cted. Of
m.anv, ^. I n r or later di wloj] clinical symp'.ns .md so become net ivc- centres o:

CO.\ SKllTAriON OF TBE IlEALTB OF DOUESTW ANWALa 47

APPENDIX No. 2

fc, tion whil.. th, TO i. go.,d ground for the belief that the disease can be commuuicated
L.v iimiimls slunviiiK no external evidence of its- cxiatcnce.

ti.lMlAI, SYMPTOMS OF (Jl, \M)l;li3.

liy Mr. Hosa O'alc <md Cariboo):
^^ Q. Vou speak of clinical syn.pton.s. I3 th;,t when you can see .ymplon.s of the

A Soniethinf, which is evident. It follows, ihereforc. that any sy.ten. wlu^h
„, Lets these coutac cases .s defective an.l eertain to result in spreading the di.seas
e.M.,aIiy m view of the, „CThaps i.atun.l tendeney shown by owners to dispose a
>..n us imss.b le, of any a.unials left n, tluMr poss,..sion after tiie destruction of those
vi.-ibly utleeUxl.

TIIK I'DI.ICV OF (OMI'liNSAIION-.

Where no compensation is paid for horses slaughtered liie inspeetor dealing with
m .utbreak of gland.rs hnds hirn.elf in a very difficult position. Owners p ...essed of
a,v in^.Ii.gt-ncc seldom object to the slaughter of animals evidently diM-a..,!, but ar-
Ml.raly oprK,sed to the k.ihng o th,«e which, while rea-ting to mailein. remain in

; ' ?'^"1""'" •?"<! a^'^- so far as they can see. p.TlVetly l.eahhy. The tendencv, there-

oie, IS to refrain fron, testing cnfact horses on the tiieory that ' ignorance is blis. '
.,r if tes ed and found to react th.y must be de.lt with as diseased, while if presunmd
. b ■ healthy they may be left fr-e fpun restrictions. The results of such an o.strieh-
):.o i/Mcy are, however, bound to !,o eventually dis:.strous as may be seen from tlm
l.ouing figures taken from the rc'turns of the Board of Agri<Mdture, which show tlv
. i'aLK_r 01 hor.es sbn.^bl.T, ,1 for ^.l.iHlers in Great Britain und.r tliis .vsteni fnen
■'"^ to VM)\, luc'ln-ivc : - ' '

l.">,)

'"■'' 1.172

^»'"* ^>:.^

'•'"' 2.:i70

^•'"- 0,0:;;

"'« 2.400

'" * 2,n2S

11 !j Mr. Fislfr:

It. Wonl.l you indicate the sy.tem in Great Britain under whi.^h that n-ults?

A. 1 (•aniKjt give you all the details.

'.». r,ci;crally?

.\.^1 ran give you the system generally. Whr„ an outbreak of glaiulrs is ,l|s-
w it IS n ported to the local authorities. A veterinary inspector, or in =ome ci'=e3
ruuiry surgeon is coniniunic.ated with and the loeal authorities hnvo pow^r +5

:■ 'h' ^laughter of horses afTe<>te,l. clinically a.Teeted witli ffland.r--, and t!-.->
are slaiightercil, a very small compen<;ition being paid.

uiiiniu- whr-hcr the horses shall be slaughtere.l do tliev d,

T.

K.r I vi(I( lu'e or tlu> iiialleiii test?
lli.y dipiud upon th ■ ocular evidence

peml upon

or. wliero

licieiitly clear, they apply the nuilkin test.

tl

10 clinical syuii)tanis s!

lown

^^

a

TETERiyART DIRECTOR OEVERAL

: ^-r

i^.

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1 1 _ .

K

\ ' K . i.

ft"

I M; .!-

*•

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'■

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I

1

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1908

By Mr. Fisher:

Q. They do not apply tlio mallein test to animals that show no clinical symptoms?

A. Not officially, but as 1 will show later, they do it privately with most disastrous
results.

The steady prnt^ross made by the disease under a similar policy, as evidenced l>y
the experience of Manitoba and other infected districts, furnishes additional convine-
jnK p:oof of tl.o folly of ignoring the constant and very real danger conne<!ted with
tl e contact horse even when he is absolutely free from visible symptoms of glanders.

It is known that a proportion of such horses as react to mallein when first tesf I
Bubsquinily c,\;se lo show even that evidence of dis«'ase, having, to all app ■i\riinc'\
overcome the infction. Jieginning in 11)02 it was decideti, in default of cnnii')ens:i
lion, to inslitutc a system of carefully tcjiling all contact horses and subsc^'iii jntly
rotesting s\icli lis reactcil with a view to n^lea-sing tliose cca.*ing to react at the si-cod. 1
or tliinl test, and distroyiiig thisc in which the reaction jtersisted.

Ill my niorts for tlic years 1903 and 11)01, may be stxMi a complete record of the
work done in carrying' out thid policy of relisting which taxed the energies of oi;r
ifll irs to the utmost. 'J'lie results achieved, while showing a great improvement on
the old methods, were in no degree commensurate with the risk and lalniur iiisei.-
aralile from such a policy, especially in the newer and more sparsely scttlwl portion-
of the Dominion.

CEASED m;ACTOii.s.

After a triiil extcuJing. as above indicated, over two years, this system wa^i foiiii ,
lob unworkable :ind far from satisfactory, inasmuch as it was shown to be practical!'.
iiiiiio<-il)le to keep reacting hor.scs under such closo observation as might offer coii;
]iarali\e frcoloin from the risk of spreading infection. Among groui>s of reactors he:
for furtlier tests, one or more are likely to develop clinical symptoms, thus becomi! .;
virulent eenlres of infeetioi., n,.t only eiulangering the other reactors with which tli
;ire in .dual ci niact, lliey being in no way immune from reinfection, but through tl.
various in.tiieet channels with which horsemen are familiar, threatening the he;il
of other iininials not actually housed with them. ^Moro recently, frequent proofs h;i
Loin furnished that many of even the so-calkxl ceased reactors can bo by no mi\.'
looked up.in as permanently cured. Several serious outbreaks can be traced diree' .
to sueh horses, and making due allowance for the jxissibility of reinfection from o:'
side sources, I may say that 1 am in possession of what I eonsiiler to be iniiispiilji
evi.lenee in contirmation of the view that these anim.ils are exceeilingly danger.
The risk attending their release is greatly increased by the tendency almost invaria':
shown liy owners to disiio-e of them at the first available opportunity, when, fall
into the hands of iin-iisiieetiiig persons, they fre.iuently introduce the disease an;
their new stable e nipiiiions.

The policy of reie..ting re 'tors having thus been fairly tried and fourid w.
iiig, while that of >haightering el; 'cal cnsc^ and ignoring contact hor.ses had pr
worse than iisel. ss, there re'iiiained the alternative of leaving the disease alone to ^p:
as opportunity otfiriil. or of ai>iilyiiig the only practical and at the same time the ■ ■

Ecien'

rc'.eti

itii' r( ::
on win t

'.\y. namely, the <
her ]ii-i -renting ,iny

|e-tru''tiou
external n

I'W

111. NT or <

of

a I

horse.s giving a typical ma

rnal manifestation of glanders or not.

).\ii'i;n.satio\.

Having decided on the latter course, the minister ol.tainoc from rarliamont '
ing the session of 1901, the necessary authority by an amen.l-iei t to the An
('.■ntaciou- l)i-^ea<(s Act. and at the .'^amc lime, seenreil the increased appropriir
Tfijuiri'd for purposes of c'lmpensation. This was fixed by the Act at two-thirds o!

rov.sf.WV 1770.V Of THE llEALTn OF DOMESTIC ANIMMS

n

APPENDIX No. 2

;i -tiKil valuo of till,' animal in tlio state of hoalth, such valuo bcirif? liinilLMl in tlie ca.-e
of ordinary linrsc.s ti) $150 and in the case of pure bred liorsi s, $;$()().

On the principle that a liorsn jshowinj? clinical syniptuiiis of Klandtrs is nit only
;il,SMliitcly valueless, Imt is a coiuslant source of dauKcr to all othir horses lUi well a^
t . its owner, his family, and any other huniiin hcitiKS who nuiy directly or indirectly
I ( xpnsed to th(! conta(,'ion, it was at first lU i l<>d to pay tio conipcnsalion for ca-H.s
of this class. The order in council of Septeinlier 19, 1!HM, which hroii^'ht iho m w
; :i.y into force, th<'refore, contaiiM'd a provision to that etTect. It wa.s soon
!., ircnt, however that in order t-o secure early information as to the existence of
l: ludcrs an<l to enahle our insfx-etors tc, carry out the law without undue and daii-
; MIS friction, it wotdd lie necessary to amend the regulations so as to permit of
•!i payment of compensation lor all animals slauKhtered in accordance! with the
A ', This was iicc.nliuKly done, and on March 25, ]'.mj.">, the following n^Kulalioiis
' . ■■ ■ [lit in force: —

'dominion of CANADA.

'IU:r,rr,ATIONS RKLATING to CLAXDEIiS.

'//, Onhr in Council dated Solh March, 1005, in virtue of "The Animal Contagious

Diseases Act, I'JOo."

■ \. No animal which is afTx-tvd with or has been expo^ecl to i,'lande~5 shall bo
!•■ iiitted to run at large or to como into contact with any animal which is not so

;: : ■••d.

■ l'. Any veterinary inspeetur may declare to bo an infected place within the mcaii-
: : f the •• Animal ("ontagious Diseases Act, 1903," any steamship, or st^am or other

• 1, er any place or premises where the contagion of glanders is known or suspected
; . . \i>t.

:;. No horse, mule or ass shall bo removed out of an infected place without a
• >i^iied by an inspector.

■ I. Veterinary inspectors are liereby authorized to inspect and U> stibjict to the
in test any hors<'.-i, mules or as.ses afT< eted with glan.ler.s or sus[«'cted of Ix inir so

.:'. u ,\ or which have Ix'en in contact with animals so affected or suspected of being

,;Ticted, or which have been in any way whatsoever eNpo-<vi to the contairion or

■ tiiiu of the disea.se of glanders, and l"or the purpose of making such insix^.-tion or

-.• <<T(\n any .such animals to be colleeted, detained or isolated.

.".. Horses, mules or asses affected with glanders, whether such animals show

,il symptoms of the disease, or react to the mallein test without showing sm-h

: • 'lu-i. shall, on an order signed by a duly appointed inspector of the Department

.'.-.'■•icnltiire. lie forthwith slaught^'n^d and the carcasses di.spo<=e<l of as in such order

iibe.l, ceuipi'iisation to be paid the owners of such animals if and when the

. pnuides.

■ In till' event of the owner objecting to the slaughter of animals wliirh n>-act

'ei;i, liiit. slinw no clinical symptoms of glanders, the inspector may nrler such
> tii be kejit in idose qtiarantine and re-t<'steil, such re-tests, however, in tm e:t<e
-el two in Titimber and to be cempletcd within four mnnt.hs of the tir.-l test,

d. however, that owmiv deciding to have iheir animals iinarantined rather than

• red shall forfeit the ritilit to comjiensation.
r. Horses, mules or n-~es re-acting to the third test with mallein shall be forth-

1 iL'litercd on ati order digued by an inspector, ninl the e;ircas-es disposed of as

-. Iii-peelors are hereby authorized to permit owners of hors,-, miiles or asses
jive no reaction to the third t'^st with mallein, and wduidi have at no time shown
': leal symptoms of glanders, to retain and ii-e such animals subject to the con-
'. ■ 'ut-iineil in the license signed by the inspector.

so

rr.TKlilXARf DlRrCTOK UESKRAL

\t 'f f

II ;: f

■ i 1 .

'I

!' ;

.t ,

* 6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

'1). Jifforo an ordd' i^ iiki'Ii' fur llu' iia.vMciit of wjimih u.-alinii in any of tlu- lUscs
afoivsaid, tlit-ro niii.st be prodii.t d to tlic .Mini^l(■r of Agriculture ii sati>fiictory r. pfirt,
cijdcr for slaiiflitcr, i-crtiliculr of vuluatioii and slaugiitor, and ci rliHfatc of idrau-lii-
and di>infi'('tion, ail sif^ncd hy an in-iKi'lor.

' 10. Til.' ccrlilii-atc of an insiicrtnr \,, tUe LlT.ct that an anininl Iiaa r. -acted to ll..
niallitin tost or has .shown oliuicul s.vniiit.'ius of Khmilcr.s, .-^hall, for the iiuriuise of ti..
said Act and of thi.s order 1k' iiriiiKi faiic eviilenoe in all courts of ju-tict> and e'-.
where of the n.atter certilie<l.

' 11. Every yard. staMe, onth.iM,-f or other [dace or preniiMS. nnd every wa;;'.n.
eart, carriage, car or other veliiele and ev<Ty ut( nsil or other thinir affected wir
glandors shall he thoroufihly cleansed and di.-infecled hy nnd at the exjien.sc of th
owner or occupier, in ii njanncr sati^factury tu a veterinary in.spector.

•J. G. KLTUKKFOHl).

' V clurtixari) Jj'iidor Giiiiral,
' Department of Agriculture, Ottawa.'

Since the i)olicy of compensaticu was adopted many outbreaks have \n'vn report d
and dealt with by our iiispector.s. Suine of tlu se oc.'iirnd in parts of thf Doniiii'- :.
where, so far as the department wa.s concerned, the i xi-tenee of the di-t a.-c had \i '
previout^ly been suspected.

Miol'OUTlON .\Nn JIAXIJIUil OF LOMlI.NSATloN I'AU).

/';/ /';•. Siiroulc:

Q. You Lave mentioned alre.idy, but I did not hear it distinctly, the ma\inmin
amount which is paid in compensation, one-third of its value, 1 think you ^aid f

A. i'uo-thirds.

A. Yes, up to $150. The Liyhist price is sJITiO in the ca.si^ of an ordinary Lr i
horse, hut in the ca.sc of a pure bred horse it is duuble that fiifure.

Bij Mr. Martin (WtlUnglun) :

Q. I.s it the inspector who fixes the price?
A. Yes, in every case.

Bii Mr. Ross:

Q. In cas<! of a dispute as to price, has he },'ot arbitrary powers?

A. It is absolutely necessary to Lave that i)ower.

Tliere is no doubt that, so lonpr as a policy of slaughter without conipcnsatii-n • ;.s «
in force, the te'iideney of llie owner.s, and even some veterinariaiLS was to conceal liio
existence of f?land<'rs and to disiiose of the suspected animals as quickly as possihl .

On the other hand, it can be readily understood that the adojition of a P"^;i',v
of payiiifi for slaiightenul animals has encouraged owners and veterinarians to v p it
much more frt^dy the existence of the disease. A serious outbreak in the Sa'_'i:i : , y
district has never been reported, although the <lisease had been raging for a nuiiil<' ''i'
vears, while no one ever su.siiccted the existence of Kland(>r.=; to any serious ■ ,\ t
in British Columbia, although, as our figures show, a considerahle number of dis. -■ i
hors'S have Ihx-ii destroyed in that province during the year just past.

Again the true sUite of afTairs in Manitoba, as brought to light by our inspi' r-i

m tna'„ prinu.eo =ir:- - -i • ■^ ••••- — ' '• ••.• ■..•■^ '•' -. ' .--.ir ...

vineial authorities in February. 190.", came ns a very great suriiriso. For ti\' riy
vears the Diseases of Aninial.s Act of Manitolia was indubitably the best in tl.p

Domini

on. nnd the work of dealing with glanders was s\ipposed to have been c;!!!lnl

on 111

an intelligent and systematic manner. It was n

jf, 111

tl

le poli<

•he

ii>\.^i in \Tii)\ OF Tin: iirM.rii or i)OMi:sric amvai.s

51

•I

APPENDIX No. 2

pruvinoi^.l aiithoritir. to .lostro.v r,:>.tnrs, dini.-al cases only Lwuk kill. ,1. while in
Bomc ciiscH .-..ntact hors.s wun' t<«t.-,l iii„l kept uii.ItT suiMTvisi,.n, iind in otlurs thoy
Wire iillowcil to go williout furlluT altiiiiiit iit oo.iin.I.

'I'll,, results of pursuint? eiwh n policy iin- v.ry , vi,i,.„t u.s will be s.vu by a r. f.r-
tiuv 1(1 the fi«urc8 acconipiiiiyinj,' this ividcncc

S„ far us it is possible to jiuitrc at this Odinpa.ativcly early ilat.^ aft.r it.s a.Icp-
ti.n, thu new policy is likely to prove succssful in scouring the object s.iUKht, nam.ly
til c.iiipletc eradication of glanders. 1„ th„s,.. districts vlicre th.; aiscu.so has been
prevalent and where people have tor ni; <:irs been heavy losers from its efl(vts th(!

i,.w regulations are giving great sr.tisfac, ion, and intelligent la.rso owners freely ex-
I'lt -^ their approval of the change.

In other parts of the country where glanders has but nvently appeand, it is .s,,iMe-
t,.,a ,, elainicl that th.Te is no crying nece,~>ity for s^iieh .sTiiigent measures. The argu-
iiieiit IS advanced that the disease has e.\iste>d in Canada and in other eountri.'.s for
II, .my years without beeoiniiiK epizootic (,r causing a loss of horse tledi as great ns that
r. -:illing from the present operation of our insiurtors. As can , ...-ilv be shown how-
>-ur. tins contention is not well founded. The statisti.^^ of European' eonntri..s, whero
l!.-e are reliable, show conelu.sivcly that glanders, uiahr nied.Tii eoiuliti,,i,s, when dealt
vMih by th.,. effective methods generally in use. is exceedingly difficult to control. Tho
t,.'iires already ipioted from the returns of the Board of Agriculture of (Ir.'at Britain
iu.licate UK futility of half measures.

Ih/ Mr. M'lrlin (WclliiKjIun) :

Q. Have you the statistics for all Canada ?

A. Yes, I have tlieni here, that is during the la.sf four years.

(}■ For each pro\ inco ?

A. As I said at the beginnii.g the Dominion did not deal with thl>? matter until
l;"i_' except in the Northwest Territories.

(}. Ilave you got the statistics ?iiice> that time for e.aeh province ?

A. Yes, 1 have tho.se tigures. As far as our work is concerned vou will uiuler-
f-,.lid-—

Q. Jn the fir.st part of your address you claimed that the disease e.\i,ted in soiue
i' I'- ot the province of Ontario. Can ,vou state what parts I

.\. \i s. I can give you that in a nuoment.
^ A strong effort is now being made to induce tho British authorities to introduce
t!. i...licy now followed in Canada fls i.s eviihnced by the following e>:tract from a re-
.. v^ of th.- report of the Board of Agriculture which appeared in the London Lniirct
• :: Inly ."i, I'.KI,') : —

'Cla.hlers is admittedly on the increase, aTul it is time that some radical measuivs
; :. tak,.u to control the disease. In 1894 there weiv only 50i' outbreaks reported but
' I. '01 thes,. had niereased to 1,530, and 2,658 horses were killed as glandered Jluro
: . r ought certainly to be given to the veterinary inspectors to tost tho in-contiet
: - s with mallein, as by this agent an almost infallible diagnosis eon be made within
L ! .'i- at most 4S hours. The expense, although great tho first year, would mt be ex-

>e ,f all .w(>d to spread over a period of years; and where a preventable di'^cMse

. !i al.<o causes the death of numbers of human beings each year, is concerncl "tho

■ ' !i-lit certainly not to be considered too seriously as the reason why it should n,'t bo

■I thoroughly in hand.'
^ If it Is possible for glanders to ej:teed its rav.nges to such an extent in a country

l.m;land, it is not diflicult to understand why 1 have dromed it necessary to advise

...I.,
iiiiii

•\ .Mse..

fu localities where the nature of" the ili-eas

ic e(rinlitioiis are so much b^^-

1' '^ i!''.'eut ilTorts have been
bvn d;■■a^tl■

I'.rr.uion ill C
favonr.ible t"

h,

.iiiaiia wiiere liie g(\)graphical and
the systrinatie supervision of sus-

ireeted towards its control, the results 1

;d wl

lore no

lave invaria

bly

rl

n

1

V-]

1

!

*

.■f

.c t

68 VKTKRlSAnT DIttF.CTon r.KSr.R VI.

e EDWARD VII., A. 1906

As nil instiiiiic of ihls, I wdiil.l iiRiiin nfer to tlio rxporii ncp of tlio Siikhoiih.v I.mn-
bcr Coniimiiy, tlio <«(T(tnr.v of wliich rciK>rt* n loss l.y ilciith in li.^s lliiiii four years of
upwiinls of tifty ln'inl of viiliiaMi- liorscs, all of which, ncconlinji to hitn, die I from
KhitiiliTS. Not only <li<l lli.-c hors. s ilio, but llu' whole distriet in which they wire kept
hii^ ho-omc infcctiMJ to sucji mm extent iis to reixler it almost an imiHwsil.ility to Ptiimp
out th<' (lise.i-e without (lest Toy in>f im overwlielminf majority of tho horiics therein.

Hn Mr. /,'ov,« < yllli•-('ltrillO'l):
Q. Where is that, d-.tur ?
A. [ii the SaK"cnay cnunly.
(.). Near Lake St. .lolin (

A. Soutiieast of I.nke St. .John, <lo\vn nlonff tho Sas,'uonay river and along th.
coast from ('hicoutiiiii.

This is till' i)oint that .Mr. Maclaren was interested in.

Till- SI'ltrAD OF GI.ANDtnS.

TluTe are smeral points in cinneetion with the spread of prlandrrs wliich must I.

considered in dealing.' with the statemenU made by opponents of our present policy.

One of these, and perhaps tho most important, is tho great change which has taki n

place of recent years in rei;ard to the transtnirtation of horses from place to plai'.

drantin}.' lint in cnnmiiiilies, and ispeciuliy farming communities where new liorsi ■;.

wilii till- exc(|i!iiin jnrhaps of valuable breeding stock, arc but seldom introcluci .i.

imiiiuuit, tr>m filaudcr, may be long enjoyed, 1 would remind you that tho viol.i •

lluetu:ili(.ii.> in llie value of horse tiesh which have characterized tho last twelve y.;ir.

iiave led to tiie inovcnieiit i.f large numbers of these anima's from various parts of tli^

coiiiiiient to other placed, au.l that, by this means, the disease has obtained a footh-li

in many ili-lricis where it was formerly unknown.

I am >,ili-tied tiiat neviT before have conditions been so favourable for the spre.i i

of glaiider< a-i tliey now are when it is possible te transport horses for thousands ■ :

iiiil,.^ uilli uparative ease and at a small fraction of the cost formerly necessary.

Among the ..lost dangerous and iiersi.-.teiit agents in the dissemination of gland. ■ •
and otla r diseases are the range horses, which during the last ten years have In :i
shipped fi-niu the westi rn states in largo numbers to supply the temporary shortin. -
arising from the unfortunate cessation of breeding which resulted from a dt'pres>ioi, !
prices in tile early niia'ties.
The in-rlaiit;

Ixing t'av. inaMe t'
fected ;;iiiiiials ;ive
and again ; a ebaiii
one of the imniev
jieddled to fan, TS.

While inspection at tlie loundary is enforced, it is, in many cases. imposslM
detect the exi.sliiice of glanders without the aid of mallein. Although involvim: ■
siderablo ini'.mven'eiue to iniinirters it would almost appear necessary to make
vision for tlic te-ting of all hor-es introduced from tho other side.

In many >l:trs nf the union iio serious attempt is made by the authorities to
in an eiTe.'tive way with outbreaks of glanders, and as a result a good deal of pv'
testing is carried on. the reactors being substMpicntly disposed of as so..i
]iossibl". .\s such horses are sold at a sacrifice, they are, as a rule, quickly pi'
up. and il; i' • is no doubt that some of tiiein are brougiit into Canaila either by
s.nis i.iiiior.int as 1o their true condition, or unscrupulous rnough to run the ri-'
having tlieiu pa.-s inspection at the boundary before the disease has developed -
ciently to admit of its csisttnce being detected by ordinary method.

.-..m ilie disease on the range itself is not very great, the eondili
il- maintaining a lat<'nt form, but it soon develops when the
brni<en, stabled and put to work, as has been demonstrated at;
,.l" ..iitl.ivak.^ having frequently followed exactly the route taken
,1- ilimrant bands of broncos iniported for the purpose of 1"

•^jj*-*:

cossnnv.iTioy of rna nEAirn or douks^tw AyiUAia

fiS

APPENDIX No. 2

Tlu- (Ii»8Pminution of glanders in modern times is, boynnd qiiri^tinn, larucly
8.>i.-trd throtiRh the iiKc-noy of private mallcin tests conduPtcd by unsonipiilinn liorso
cMiiTs iiiiil viteriliuriaiis.

I.iiidiiijr iiutlinritics iti Ix)nd()n, the (front hot-bod of glumlvrs in Uritaln. uttri-
1 iiir largely to this <-aiisp thn rapid ^prrad of thi> di-M'aw and tho occ'iirrc'ii.c of oiit-
iii.ik-i ill the most iiiicxix'i'Icd plact s. Tho prai'tioo wait rapidly loiiiirii; into voirii(>
,'! Canada, and i.-i yet. I f.'ur, practised to .souk; cxUmt nltiiouKh rfpnlablc vil< ri-
iiiiiaiH '.avp (•<'ascd to iiuhiljfc! in priv.Je fpstinn gince th<' Animal Contagious
|i .. isr.s Act was ami iidcd in llio;), roiitiirintr them to n-port all ca^'cs ,,{ conianioiis
■ '.'•' .i«- cnMiiniJr undor thrir olworvntion.

Tl:<' iM'diiiptiMiiio .low shown by th<' dipartinciit in siildiii',' in.-p. .-tdr, |.> inM-^li-

j ill nportrd onlhrcaUs has also <lonc iniicli to prcviiit pri\jii' li--liii;r and at-

!!,it ■ ;if iIk' tri'atm<nt of suspicions casiti.

Willie rcaliziuK to the full the serious nature of our present opcration-i, and the

LiLie e\penditnn"s necessary to carry (hem on, I cannot eonseientioiisjy, as a re-

■ -il'li- olKeial, recommend any chan;xe in tho present system. To rcvi rl to the

'M.I- eniiditions of affairs wouM sinip'y ho to court disaster. It is true that the

< \;i. iiliiiire thi.s year has lieen vi-ry larRe, exceeding altoirether. for reasons oxplaii.od

, . ilie siitn whicli [ had <'on.sidered would ho suflh-iont, hut I feel I'crtain that

: ■• aiiieiint of money necn-sary will heeomc less yearly and that w<' will finally, if

:■• wiirk is honestly and faithfully carried out, he able to conjiratulate oiir-ndves and

t' e iMiiiitry on the practical «'radii'ation of what is now one of the most .serious causes

' ' 1 '-S t I the Canadian owner of hor,s<; tlesh.

il

O.MP.VtllSO.V OF EXPi:XDlTi;RrS.

■nipareil with tjic amounts spent by other coiintriffl in stamping out di.sen.ses of

> eiir expenditures is very nioilerate. (Jreat Britain paid in compensation for

slair.'htered for rind<>rpe.st iK'.veen 1S0,5 and 1868 over $5,500,000. while tho

eradiealiiii; lileiiro-pneunionia involved an outlay in eompen.sation ..'"no of

\\\'< million dollars. To stamp out tho recent outbreak of font outh

in New I'jinland cost the T'nited States government $1 ..lOO.OOO. aiii s ex-

ire, thoiurh laiye. was donlill<>ss true economy in view of the recent s. ement

pre-ideiit of th<< Tiritish Board of Apriculture that that dise.x-e had. since 1»!>0,

<■ l'armir.s of threat Britain over $12,000,000.

I tiii< ci>irn(>elion I would refer you to the ratio of decrea.=c in the amounts

!■■] fnr compensation in connection with hofj cholera, since tho adoption of the

'■'.'■ pii'icy whieh has Ikcu piirsueil V>y the department sineo 1902: —

I'aid in fiscal year. 1001-02 $l.-,,n(;2 07

" " 1002-03 30.020 75

" " l!)o:i-04 21,:i52 35

" " 1001-05 7,042 73

l^th.nlf of fiscal year 1!Mt5-0C ,'<nO 34

!i' -e re-;nlt.s have btvn achieved in spite of many complaints made hy owners
ill "s in hoRS, who considered our policy unnece-sarily severe, while many
;iKo thou^rht that the oxtienditurc incurred W!ia nnjnstitiahle. The results,
r. are .such as to .show that wo are right, and I am confident that similar
will follow the consistent carrying out of the present resulations re glanders.
ii victory of any kind has ever Wn won by following a half-hearted policy.

< ispecially true of campaigns against contagiou.s disease, whether of man or
. mid \n:^ ;iii'<'iidy been deMiolisIi'ii[<.'tl liaies uilimuf number.

/<// Mr. Mnclarcn:

'['']] n.> where those horses that were shipped into my riding and caused so

i '.■uil'lo, came from?

>*}t

' ■*■, - 1

1

64 vf:ii ni\,inr oiRr.cTOR ceseral

e EDWARD VII., A. 1906

A. 'lliiv i-aiiio fri'iii \\i-f<rii ('jii;h!,i lattirly, ollh(>iiKl> in my oianioii tlic dif ii-.
Wfc* "riK M.illy brmiKl.t iiiln th:it p.iriiiiiliir ^li^tril■t frnin which tliosi' hursi'H cntiu' ly
•iiiiiuil- I'ruiii Mi.ntaiM.

t^. Wi'ii' the J hronrcn ;

A. 'I'liry iiri' what yvn la'l imuim' li..ixc -. 'Ihoy arc not exactly Lroiicus; many .f
them nro IVrdii-rdii irradt <•

y. liow many li^rsc-i um'i' ili~' .(-■■iH

A. Ill tliat part'ciilar ili.-Iri.U

A. Ki.rty li.a<l.
(,». Ill Tiiy ridiiin?
A. I tliiiik !i(>.

Wi:sNS OK INtKlTIOV.

•

II y Mr. L' » i";

C^. lldw tIiH.'S the inf(r|i,.ii liil.t iilar- fmni h^r-^i^?

A. Well, it will take jilaci' in :< >;i(at iii..iiy ditri rt-nt w.ivs. It will tnl;c jil.T-n r>f
coursn by iiiociilatinii. it will t;ikr phi -i- l.y iri;;<>-tiiiii, but i think tlir iiin.'t frviju.
nii)dc of iiifi'cti-m is in.diahlv ly iidia^ath.ii.

Q. Would thorc 1" iiny d:ii;;ii r in a [iiihlic ilrinkiiis finiiitain for horsrs ?

A. YcH, thcT<! is, .illliiiiiyh I d I M't think that the dariir«T in a pnhlii- drinki -
fountain wlirrc tlio \\..<r is always .annin;. i- a- cnat as i-i pMurally .-uiipn-od. Si; '.
tlicTi' is IM 11'"^''"" almiit till re l- iiiK dang' r iIht.'.

It,/ Mr. M'lrlarcn:

Q. Have y.iii still fidl tla uiity <•( I', rth niid< r oKscrvatinn ?

A. \V<' ar.' ktcpin^ i virythiirr mid- i- jirctty rinse ohsirvation. W'i- liavi' k: '■ 1
evory niiimal that riai'l.-d. I tlii\k. ;.".d a- t'ar .-.s I am aware that ouibn ak is ni: r
ibsnlntr CMiitrid.

Q. TI'w is it in ntliir paits .,!' wi.-tvrn diilario?

A. We haso niaiiag-cd tn e..iitriil oviTy outl'rt'ak in wf-t<-rn Ontario.

Illi 1/., Jl'nuii:

Q. Is there any daipr aiiM'ii«- hei'.-< s Lira/in;: uiion the prairie?

A. ^'e ; l.ir a praeijeal man that it weiild he fortuitous. If one animal •■ ' 'i

• nn- •' diseli;iri:e in in ti- 'r. he j.'ra/inir and rul'S it.s iiuso OL'aitist sntiiethimr and
other i'.r-e liipiiei- :■■ . :;■ J-'iii,' ami pets in contact with the same pras.- or t' ■ ,
game p ' :ii( re .■( ri iinly would he <!aiiger.

Ihl Dr. hlicl:

Q. Are there spniadle ea-. ;, or de< s it suddenly atTi it other hor-c-?

A. No, there is no Mieh thiiiLT as si".ntaiii I'US oriu'iiialion of the dk-taso,

(}. Do you ofn n have .-p. radic r'a-i s that are epidemic^

A. Quite freipiently we den! wilii i.-olatvd casi s.

]''i Mr. M'uhiri >i :

(}. Wlh re li.ir-(- are -hipped fr.'iii era- part ef ( 'anada .■■> other counties, is i , ■
anv inspection to a-e, rtaiii wia tin r tic y i'.:\« LT'andi rs or iiof before they arc eai^ < d
to be .-hipped?

A l>o you mean from one seeti'ii of the ciUlitry to the olLiT?

Q.' Yes:

-TP^

"M .v/ A-i , rius ny rut: iii.n.ni ui nuun^Tiv as , v.u.s g|

APPENDIX No, 2

i' .:: ';ir,;:!:;;:::,;:c::,"-;;:r:''r;r''- '■■'' v -r--"; " -^■:'::

' -I -■■■ ■■■ < I.. ,;,:;. u^^^^^^^^^

■; ', ; ' <■"»■ ~ """. ... :i»:;:.. lr:::':::'::';::rrr:.!r 77:

::f ;,i.rrn:rrt::l,:t:;^rE,:lt:r.f;:S::;:;^; ^ [ vr

.„,..;,u.,H,,.,/s„ .,,,HA"1,r,7? ;;';::;;;,;:;,;,::,:: "-;,^^^^^

lUI'l'lHATIoN (,l |,o.,\ ..liuii: IIUHMN

lini...rlali..ii ,,(• vvli;,t

;>ll

•ayii-i-i ?

"■nt .Im UKikiiiK .'^10 tlwy liave to imy tho Ciist.„„s f

^2/ J/r. lioss O'alc-l'aril,,,,)):
Q. Vuii rctVrre.J tc. tli.- mallir ,,( il|..
A. I do not thiiiU 1 niciilioii(.(l th m.
Q. WuU broiieho.s as voii i-all tin. in it i-4 .il,,iit ■!. .1 . ,

....... ,..,.,. „.„ ,„„ , ;,;,:::•:,;';■:■;:;;;;: ;i:- i":i;:;;':;

A. V......

(^ And tliero is 20 p
A. V(H.

Q. Would it bo possible for you to adopt suJ. ro^M.lations as xvo..|d <,t..p tho in-

:i:,::;,ni;:u"'^ ' '■- "- ^'» - -' '=-;;M':i::;l:i:;'t,;i:;"i:j: ;:; ^;!;::;

A. 111., liorsemrn would ?

Q. V..S. 1 would like you to refer to that at some p<.int

A. 01 oourso there is this about it. ilr. Koss. It is not only the eheap hor.o ,1,,.
... l.,..k.n», borso. which .s capable of introducing, ^.lan.lcrs. Any horse i cap., Ic

.1.- K. , xani.nation of a horse, for a veterinarian. „„ ,„att,r how skilful he nr,v le
t.. t. II whether it is affected with glanders or not. ' '

l^ I understand that ; but thos.. bronchos .ould be (luarantine.l u-l...,, fl,
over the boun.lary line at the expense of the owners of th! ^"1 " " '"""

-^- ^ '■•■". «;o d" that as much as we can. It is a very dilHcult matter to hoM ■, '.uul
01 iK.r-,. of that kind sometimes five or six hundred, and even more c", n , i, t
r. ^\e have built corrals as you know at a great many points and we hoi. 1 Those

(.1. At tJie expense of the owner ?

A. \V,. build the corrals at the e.xix.nse of the department

*.i. But Jie exi)cnsc of keeping the horses ?

A. Tliry are held at the expense of the owners, but the sunnlv of f„d.I„, r„. .

,,' ,,\''"|''-' '''■ """ '""'^ ''^ " ^■'■'■y ^"'0'"S Item at those boundary points ' "' '

(J. Hnt. doctor. yr,„ are no doubt a^-are that fellows po to the ranges and pick un

tt'.,M ....;r then to the boundary lu.e, where th.y p.y $10 duty and thus have $10 or

h.T.

^^■:^.''A^ ■:]'Z- <■■■

fsy

66

TETEItiyARY DIRECTOR OENERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 190G

$12 lu.rsos when thoy get to the other side. I think, as you mention in your report,
that those horses are liable to spread the glanders and that they might very properly
1)0 iniurantined in all cases i • r i i i

A. Well, hero are tlu' ref,'ulalions in regard to the imiKtrtation of horses mi'l 1
shall be very glad to get any suggestion, ami 1 am sure the minister also will be. :n
to how to ri'giilate tlie iniiwrtntion of them : , i i ,i

■ Iforses mules and asses which have originated in, or passed througli, the repii..
lie of Mexi.'o or that porlion of the United States lying west of the ilississippi nv> ■■;
and of 111,- eastern boundarv of the state- of Minnesota, shall be insp.rled, and if p. i, .-
and llK.roughlv broken to harness or sa.i.Ue. may be admitte.1 at any (inarantnu ,■
insp,.rlion pnrt. as tollows :-Cn'<'" M\o^^^^ a list of ports and the regulations g., ■ .

" •"'hMieetor-^ -bill bowrver, in any case have the power to detain, isolate, sub. ;t
to the. mall.iu u-i. .Ii|.. ;v ctli, r.vis,- treat such horses, mules, and ass.-s as they •,: v
have rea.M>u to bellrv ..r susp,-,t are atTected with, or have been e.ximse.l to. inleet:.. ,-

in' eontagiriis disea.-e. i , i i i ,•

Q 'i'be poini 1 want to -.uake is this : The horses that are brought wholesale Ir -i
the ri'i-e- liave not be ii biv,| „n farms. When tbey reach the Customs port nf .-nr.-
I'ae.v :,re of a L'^s valur than m, they are $10 aiui $12 horses and care should be t;,i, ii
; . iirevent their adiiii--ion '■

\ .1 niu jr.-^t .■oniiiig to tho-^e horses now : 'Branded, or range western Im,,.,
, tlu r than tnnse wbleh an- pntle an.l thon>ughly broken to harness or sad>l..^ N ^■
t'.e idea of putting that in was that in the ease of a horse which is thoroughly brok. i, to
htrness Of saddle, our i.i-i.eetor can walk up. take hold of and make a close pbv-. ;il
ex imiua'Ion of iiln' «lii<-h of course, as you know, cannot he done with a bronco. N^ v;.
b.u-<w other (bni lb'..,, wbieh are gentle and thoroughly broken to harness or s;.,, !.•
u,av be adunlled only at the following ports : Sarnia, Ont.; Kmerson Man.; N .ih
Fnrfii \V.M.,1 Mourt^iiu. I'e.hlant .I'Oreille. Contts and Iwin Lakes, .Northwest 1 :■
ritori."^ • (iilewav K.H-land. Nelson. (Jrand Forks, Vancouver and Victoria. i;c..
.ubi.rt to the f.db.uing regulations : 'Such horses must bo accompanied by a r. !- .l-
,■.,l,■. J.-ned bv a vel.rinarir.n of the I'nitcd States Hureau of Animal Imlustry . , ! .-
n' sl-,te"veleriuariau staling that they are free from infectious and contagious di- -,
■.,n,l'tbit ih' inf. rtinus ,.r .■outagious dise.a.se of horses has existed m the district \U, :,.v
J-.^,,. 1,.,^.,. , .,,. f,,r lb., iieri.'.l ot six montlH iniuieuiately prer.e,ling the date ..I :■ i:'

r.in.'val tbin fn.ni. . ...

' Ovi.er-^ ..r i- r.,.n< in charge sh.'ol afford t,. inspectors every facility and a--:-' no,-
f.r in^pi'eti'iL' and ,.rh.nvi<.> d.^aliug with such horses and shall secure and bandl.' - ::i
;., iHi-ecteil by lb.- iu-p.'.t..rs. ^ ■ i .. ■

■ -lurb b..r- -; ~b:ill In all .-as.-s. be subject 1o detention for such l)eriod as n .ii-
spc.t.irs inav d,. in ,u,..-..ry t- determine whedur they are free from .a feet,... ^ , :.,
,.',nta.n.>u< .li>. :> ■. ^'.o.l -hall be i.-..lated. submitted t.i til.' niallein test, dip;«'d ..r .,
V, is,- Tn-aie,! if thr ;'.:-p--l.'i' -^o or.lers.'

Iir

]i,j Mr. ir ■■■ ( y.i! -(■•irilno):

Q. W.'ll. d...-i..r, .!.. y"» ibiiik -bnl tbes.- ,-gulations f.re bring rigidly iM,f..r.

.\. 'riuv an- optional, you ^.'o.

(>. Well, wb- not rigidlv ■ iil'..ree tbeni against range bor-^^es ^^

a' Tliosi- that are la ( opti..nal are being rigidly cnfor.'ed. That is to say '■

hors,' .•.111 e.au.' in tber,- ini.i ntpanied by a ccrtiticate, no unbroken range li..;

coiiio 1;-. al any of th.>-.' p'iin--

(\ 'ri.,..;.. .ir^. Jiot Ot>ii'Ual ?

A. Tlios.' are not o[jia.ual.
Q. 1).. ,von gci <M-rlifi« ates ?
A. We g't ciTtifieates.

coy^^mvATioy op tbb hbalth of domestic animals

P7

APPENDIX No. 2

By Mr. Mndarcn:

Q. Do you not tJ.ink it would le better if more publicity were given to this mat
te, tla,n,Kh the pros.? A ^reat many p«,ple do not know the danfe^'h.volve If

;^'':.::m b" 7::^.^i :;:i ''- -•"'^ ---^ -^-^-^ ^i^..r,:z\''^

A. It is jnst a matter of opinion. If you could sec, as I see. the oonnnonts tint
:.r. ,na,le by papers .nother countri.-s whenever the slighteBt little pararrnp ^.^ s ou
.3 t; ,!we.so among Canad.an anin.al.,, you would appreciate n>v reas'.7f or tllin^
,;)>■ iM.p etors they must not have lunvspaper interviews " "

g. 'I iiat may be, but what about tlio man who h'ls boii.r],f „„„ f fi r ■

...^ .K ..d ,.d to shoot^the whole of his hor.. ami o^ ^^ tl^ il Hhe'^aS

A. It IS a matter of ojaiuon, you know. ^auiof

l!i> Mr. Lahc:

". Have you trace.l any ca-^es to the United States?
■V. > IS, a largo number.

/.','/ Mr. Wright (M}inl-ol,--i) ■

-N aiLrWiT.

J',, ^[r. }[achirrn :

'.' I j'';;;^; ;l'>^ >;-t,or .houM get more publicity and it would make people m„rn
'I Hunk ,h.re are eornp.rat.vc.ly few wlio know the danger?

,ui, ' 'l ::vS ::S""- '''■ "^"•'■'^'■"- *''=•' "'^- ■•"■'-' - '' r-''Ho document and Is
'1 . Ah. ..A.t,;x.-I know, but evc.n- fnnn.r in the country does not see that.
I'n Dr. SprouJc:
:■■ 1 .n,d,.rs,a„.l ,!,.. law it is that ., h.rse of less value than $.0 can„„f be

' 1- a eii>tii!Ms ngulation.

" '" - '1:1;;': ri'-;:\;:r:',.'.:-'i! -'-i'! ^^^t-- - --- -^e ,ban

value

■' !■

er tu gi t thrui in thi

I'- eouiitrv

^ ...-..-. .^ iMH. worm mnr

would pay .$10 duty ami raj..- Ihr

prir'

ikit i- ,,f;,n ,l,„,f,.

:*-r;'";^:;:;,;r:::;;i/::'->;;;:;" -.-^-'Vw..'::?;;;^.;'!;:;

^ --. 'I'lrv (1,. r.ot ( wi-ci.-,^' Ilic Tifjjit.

/•Ii-- lMsiii:i(. -T ,]„ i,„t think they do ex, reise the riebt, I,„f ..;il t. :„ .,.,

• -^7.1 W- >n. i ,,.,i onr veterinary otlieers not t,. deal with tint m^itter

"Ms wuh ,1.. ,.,,.* „ns ofi:cers. Our oih.vrs then.foro simplv ,'^1 S .

i".al w,tl,.,„t r,ny regard to the customs laws. ' ' "

'•*-■

»

TETERIXARf DIRECTOR QEXERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

By Ur. Ban:
Q. Arc thosf h.rscs insi.cutc.l b. fore they arc allowed to come in?
A. Y,-.

l'OS<ll!ll.liV '<i- CI T.INU CI.ANDKIiS.

By i[r. Liifis:
Q. J)oi.s this .li^e.iso attack a crrtaiu class of horses cspccu.lly?
A. No.

Q. Can thi' disease bo cured? , . . , ^.. ,i i-

\ Well that is a question which I cannot answer d. Inut.ly. ^.ncc the discov
of miil.in in 1X»0 by tlie original investigator that .lucstum has .ng;,gcd the at
tio" the kad.n. con,„arative pathologists of the world. It was held by a nu,.
tsncialiy of the French school who stan-i very iugh as vctcTinarums that rc,« ■
cction's of «>al!eiu in cases not too far advanced had a dCinUe curative effect^ 1
^- s coinbatcl bv otii. rs and the discussion vent on for a ^rnud n.any y ars. It
^n lly aken up by Sir Joh-i McFadyean as the liead ot the Uoyal \ etennary ,
]e.^e n L.uulon and the IJritish Jioard of Agriculture conducted a series of , xp
„;.n s a!, ng those lines. The consensus of oiunion was that a hnntcd nuu,l„ ,
hi e! which do n„t react above a certain tlgure in the Hrst test of ma ban. and .^
on being subsequently tested had nevertheless c-ased to react a tog.her. were r
cund, or to -ut it perhaps more correctl-, they reeoverccl. ^\hother the re .. u, •
due to the mallein or whether it was .ont.neous. the general unprcss.on w, -
the«e horses rcceovcred. That view nrevailed, although there was always a eon. >'.
l:.|;:^lng veterinarians who were a Uttle bit afraid Thc^ ^"^.J J^ ^^ ::,
tainlv and as time went on those dnibts have increased. Oui CMxiiaKe c,,h,.
in I'lO-^ Um 1W4 f nd 1905, in Canada, has conirletcly convert.'d me to the n,,,,
view, 'i am satisfied that a horse even where there is a cessation of rea.-tion , s .
means crtainly cured, and that it is not a safe animal to have a all. •

(. It lui.d.t be interesting to the community at this point to learn xvhat :-
lueanli.g of malleiu, and of reaction, and of clinical symptom-?

.Mr. :dA.l..M:r.N. I think when an outbreak occurs the facts should bo gi.
ih:- public.

I)r K, TllKin-onn. That is a question of policy, ^Ir. Maclaren, witli whuO. I
nothing whatever to do. It is not for ine to say ahether I shall go out on tb. .
IL .nd announce every time there is an outbreak of hog cholera or gland,r-. I
n nnblic servant, but if this committee decid-s. without any reference to me . ■.
su.ntion whatevor with the minister, th.at it is in the puldic interest to a.-,.
these matters if I am directed so to do I will certainly comply. But that has r. ,
to do with my work.

;Mr. Mv<i.AUi.N."I w.as going to ask the Miui.-tcr.

']I„„ Mr Fism.i!.- Tlun^ was a disci, sum a little while ago over the pub! ,
of the eWdeu'co of this committee, pnd I think we had better await tho out. •:
ha This point does i.t relate at all to Dr. Kutherford s evidence, and I think

VI

better proe^

,1 with that.

nr.iismoN- of • MAi.i.r.iN,' ' bkactiox ' and ' clinical symi-toms.'

By Mr. Lewis:

, ,. r ii,. .„„..i < ,.,.,11, ;.-. ' rvf ' react!' n.' i'i

O. I would like to ium: an c.xpianali: u v: i-.-.- » ','"".'"" i'-*

of what ' clinical symptoms ' are so that any farmer can undert=tand it.

A. Mallein is the glycerini.ed .xtract of cti Itures of the ^^-f ''^ -f ;'■_, ' ;;;
its preparation it is sterilise! and contains no living ge'nis, and, therefore .. ...^
communicate disease to a healthy aiiunal.

' ox. SHU 1 .1 rioff OF riiK hka lth of domestic a mma ls 50

APPENDIX No. 2

Tlic iniVrli, „ of ,,n np|.ro,,rir.t.> .lo-o of inallein un.l. r tlip skin of an »n\uuA
«ff,.,.t.>.l with glMiuI-rs or fan-y i.s follow..! _ douhlo rcaotiou, eitl,...- form of whi.h
mii.y lu. ,U^Mu; nm». I.v-^a ris,, in t.inporatnr.. .>r a ,.ai„f„l ...l-nuitons swellinR
at th. point of mo,-Mlat,,,H. Kra-lually in,T,.asint; in .si/.o for a ,,.ri,„l of 24 hours or
InnpT Kithor form ol Toa.-tion is usnally ao-o.npanio.l l,v n.or,. (,r losa .lehilitv.
Annnals that arc not a h...t,..I w„h ^^i.Mal.rs or far,-,- .ulhr no inponvolucnee nn.l pro-
..:t no mu.t.on. In a.lvan.-, .■as.. ul,,r,. th.. .li„.„... has p..nnPat..,l the whole svstom
th. reaction may no very sIikIh or all.«..|lu.r ahs.nt. It mnst ho l.orno in mind that
in rases wher.,- thoro ,s almonnally hi^h ...u,p..ralnr.. an.i n.v.ssilv provenls delay in
:.p,ji,vu>K the t..st a louvru.;,^ .,f the temperature shoul.l ]„■ eonsid.T.d as snspieiou.s,
:.:..! th,. ammnk h..l,I un.I.T ohservalion for a re-t..st un.ler norn.al eon.iition..

lo obtain the ....rmal t..n,p.ratur,. of the animals wc t..st.d, at least two tempera-
tMv,. hnv h.,„rs apart, sh.ml.l 1„. tak..,, .,n the .lay ,he mallein is to b,- injeetcd. The
r. lUMle -lose shoul, !,e mjeeted un.ler th. skin with a hypo-l.Tmie syringe that has
I- ). p eviously stenli..,. _ '1 he most eonv,.ni,.nt point of injeetion is th,> si.le of the
...k. the l.H.a rea.-tion U.ing more prominent in this r.gion. Th,. skin at th.e point
.'! .n.„,.t,on shoul.l be .aturate.l with an antisepti,. solution l,ef„r,. the inj,.eti'n is
< ..nlr, _ J ,0 nK..si conveni..nt ag.'nts for the st<Tilizat..„i of thr svriiip.. and the saturx-
■^■n ,jl the skin are. carbolic aci.l or er,.olin in solution. The .solution is made by
li ■ addition of (51,0 part of carbolic a.-id or of cr..olin to iwvniv parts .,f wat.r The
:^l;'.^■^,MC n,;edlc shouhl be dipp,.,l in th,. anlis,.ptic so!uti..u aft. r ea..h inj....tion
l.!-n. pnH..,,ling to again fill tne syringe „r inj.'et anollar animal. Aft.r injeetion
..- t, ,„p,. ures shoubl bo tak..n at intervals of tlir,.. h-urs, eomuH^n.-ing with the
' rj, , ho. ]„_; ma ll.in solution as ^ent out is rea.ly for us,.. Kach botle e.uUains
■ .:•■ .! -e of mallein so ut.on, two and onedialf eubi.. ...utina.tivs, „r about 40 minims.
11.0 d.ite of ea,.h bottle ind.oatcsthe limit of time during wliieh the contents should
||. iMn.-ii|,rei| reliable for diagnostic purposes.

By Mi: Ross :

(,». Mallein then is the manufactured article ?
.V. Ves.

(,). They do not get it from the diseased horse ?

^ A. Oh, no, not at all, although they obtain tlfe bacilli originally from the di.^enscd

/'.'/ Mr. Spioulc :

'}. Woul.l the farmers not understand it b<-tter if it were said to be the same as
■111.' virus which is used for small-pox f
A. It is something the same but not exactly the .same. That would not be in nn-
s«. V, It IS a preparation without the bacillus 'iself. There is no possibility of ,nal-

V,

leii:,

il

i;r.jperly manufactured, being the means of conveying the bacillus into the
'1 tlie lior.se.

I!y ilr. Ixoss :

(I Th.. horse could not get glanders from injecting the mallein ?
A. No, not at all. it is iu.possible, from the ni'turc of its preparation. The mallein
1' II ,. ■■'■■d under th,. skin of the horse.

P':! 'Ill Iloitoui-iihlc Mnnhcr :
(,>. What part of the horse ?

.■■■ .'v.i.^ part of the hors,-. but it ia generally done on the side of the neck as beimr
tneiuent and the skin there being thin. That injection is usually made in the
:. As I have told you. befor.. the inject i,m sev,.ral preliminary temperatures
■ .1 >o as to arrive at the normal temperature of the animal.

m.
cv.

■il'

fc

TETERiyART DIRECTOR QBKERAL

6 EDWARD VII.. A. 1906

By jilr. Boss :

Q. Is tlmt (loiif with nn ordinary thermometer ! i i- • • •

A. Yes. As nearly as possible the normal tempcrnture is taken and this injectidit
is madi; in the evening. The next niorninjr, about eight hours afterwards, the vetcrin
arian begins to tiike the tenii)eraHire. If tb.. hor.-e is ntTeeted with glanders there will
bo !• rise. The temperature will ^» up. an.; about noon or in the afternoon of the f !
lowing (lay it nuiy register from a nornuil ol 100 or 101 up to lOli, IW, 105 and in soiiir
cases perhaps lOtl. At the .same tinu; in the groat majority of horses there is a swrii
ing lit the jwint of iimeulation.

Jiy Mr. I. r If is :

Q. 'J'hat is the way the horse is afTeetcd ?

A. That is the way the horse is alVeeted; there is a stiffening also, sometim., n
distiurl lameness on that side .showing the mallein's effeet. There is general iinea i-
ness, malaise, depression. The horse is dejected and does not want to eat. lie is v. ry
unhappy g( ncrally and this condition continues for some time. The swelling in n c ;■-
ol gliiuders at the point of inoculation will generally be larger on the second day lli::i
it was on th(! lirst. In any horse that is injected with mallein even if quite heal;! v,
there will be a small swelling at the point of inoculation. In most casc^ it will iiit ^ ■
over a couple of inches in diameter. It is comparatively free from painful sensa: u
but the local reaction which 1 have described combined with the symptoms, ft:;)
almost positive evidi'iice of the cxi.stenee of glanders in some form or other in !) •■
system of that liorsi-.

Q. Is the reaction not greater in a high-blooded horse ?

A. It does not seem to make any ditferencc.

(J. You did not give the clinical symptoms of a horse afflicted with glanders ?

A. Of course the clinical symptoms of a horse affected with glanders were loriM r-
ly l.«>ked upon, or rather the absence of the clinical symptoms was formerly looked 'p-
(.11, as evidence that the horse was not diseased. You understand that that ilay ;, 5
passed away and that a great many eases of glanders show no external evidence v: t-
(ver. A=; a rule the first clinical symptom shown is a tumefaction of the sub-ii, •..":■
larv lymphatic gland.

7)^ 3/r. ]!oss :

Q. Hear. hear.

A. I had forgotten if you will excuse me, gentlemen.

]l;i }fr. L^prniile :

T suggested to the iloetor some time ago to .avoid technical names.

A. There is a small gland which is situated on the inside of the lower Jaw
1 is known by the name I mentioned. That eland which i.s ;
any hors(niaii. because enlarged and hard and feels very often
. ili(^ bono itself instead of being movable and freed. If close ■
will invariably be found to be accompanied by a slight na= '
1^ so .-lidit as not to ntt.iet tiie attention of the owner or tli^' .
It is almost invariably the case that with an abnormal cnlarL--

on each sule win

easily dotrc'.cd 1.

il wevi' .'ittaclic'd

vatiou is luado i

(linru'c. It may

(.r aiivbody el-e.

of that gland tlion- is a little nasal discharge. It ni-iv

ose examination of the meniliranes of the nose would show n
tion. but hardly an inflammation. K -

ly only be occasional. !■;

there, and
tumefaction, a sli

can go
not sir

rlit re(ldeiiiii_' and i

m

tor a

■Hi.

aier tim it may go on

for vears, an<l that horse altl

V'VS'

iiug any oiinr syiiiplom-. ..- rraiiy

nnr

Bn Pr. Blirl- ■
Q. Is he capable of disseminating disease ?

ijtiim ^

4
f

Si,

i

CONSERVAriON OF THE HEALTH OF DOMESTW ANIMALS 61

APPENDIX No. 2

A. IIo is capable of di.s8cn.inating the du>ea.sc. Ab the disease advances this dis-

,!K,r... bocomos n.orc pn,„ou.u-,.l. A little diBohar^^c from tl.n oye will alol noU..d

u an act., ...«se ,,f Kiand,.r.s the ani.nal bocon.c, rapi.lly c„,aciate<l. a..d tL diS « o

l.-.n...s prof,,.. fr,„„ l„,h nostrib. Ulceration taJ«./„lace insid; tho 1 a^ ho

n, n,l„;a„...s ui th<. „„s,. „l..,.ration «o i..U-n.se that I havo «>e„ inside of Cc d" vs in

<,l. Tiircc (liivs fnirii what?

A. Ihr... da.vs l,-o„. ih.. ti.no that animal appo.nd i„ p.rf,..t h.altl,. tho dis.nso
..^ .....I so rap.dl, ,l,at .horo wa. an ap,.rt„rc i,.tw<.on tho nostrils of th.: size I h':^

/.'.'/ Dr. lihirk:
1,1. Tliat is ill an ac„te ease?

fr ..,] had on,.,t.on o. hoal h followed, of course, very rapidly by death. Some of
.. . .■ -.^ b.vak o„t „. rcpnLs.ve and loathson,e .oro.s all over the bo,ly. I do not
tl..ii . >h, n. ,.s any ,noro nus,.rablo object than one of those acute cases.

/;,'/ Mr. Fishrr:
'>. 'l'\ii>Sii arc oxtreiiie ciLses ?
A. Those arc ttxtnino cases, but I have seen numbers of them.

/','/ Mr. Lcwi.t:
A. V.-s.

tir

','. Will a chronic ca:,o dcv(>lop into an acute ease?

A. <)/!, yvs.

/'•// .I/r. Wright (Mu.^l-oka) :

St:.' ' lirXmll?'''"" ''"''"'^"'"'' ^"''^^^ "" ^'•''"'"y distemper, in tho initial

rW ' 'u,': .I'e <.f' m^ii'V'i """ ''""'"■ ^' ^°"^^ '''" ^'"^'-^ ^ ^l^-'f"' veterinarian
"»' >■' "'' 01 nialli ,n in sonic ca.scs.

/'.'/ Mr. Lake:

■'. lli- swcliin;, of th. gland to which you refcrro,] occurs in several diseases ?

- Ul:..rcver there i. any irritation in the na.al chambers, or membranes of tho
!. - -,i-<-s. you may have that swelling.

,V'. 1^ mallein consid,.red prophylactic at all. docs it secure immunity from tho

: ! r:: ntioncd that in my evidence. There is absolutely no immunitv conferred
' .■ •■• ot mallcin. '

/;-/ Mr_ /?,i?c.-

^.. ' '';■;' ^"^^■"■"'-■'^ to this malloin. there can be no reaction excepting' from glan-
g;-; ., : ""■ "'■"""'" *^'^ '■ ^^■'•■'f i "'^^ to say is, it affects only the disea^ of

-'. I :':tt is the only disease.

riifi

62

VETERlSAnr DIRECTOR OENEKAl

''.'i.

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906
(J. Tiun- WMulil not be the same reaction from tubcroi.losis, or any other di^t :„so

A. \h.

Ill/ Dr. Uldck:

Q. Can an animal have ^iicli iirononnird clinical symptoms of glamlcr^ tiial il ■
Fystcm will Ui-t r<'.-i)ond Ui iLc malicin tiat^

A. That is a very p>uJ <iU('stion. Take .somo casrs ol' t,'lan(l> r.s whirc llir (ll^
is acute, the tcmperaUire is very often so high that it would he lioixhss to Took f..: i
rise in temporatiuv from the injection of mall.in. In sucli cases we dep. nd to a . :
i-idcrablc extent upon the local reaction \vhicli we always get even in the nio>.t ad\a;. .
ease^.

Bi/ Mr. Huss:

Q. Wluit tlo vou mean hy local '•eaction?

A. I have al .aly described it, the .^wcllin- ut the point of inoculation.

El/ Dr. ilcf.innan:

Q. In such a case as that where the clinical symptoms are so evident, it w- ! i
not he so ne ssary tu inj:et nial'.ein;

A. Wo sometimes pet acute ca>es where the external appearances are such a :
make it verv ditKcult to diapio.c the nature of the tr.nihle. It is po-^siMc to h:n. ./..
ac-itc cas." of glanders williout the presentati.m of .htiiutc symptoms. \ ..,. may In, ; ..
t, miuraturc of 10:!. or over, and in such cases when mallein is used the tcmperat;i:e s
,i-;te likel.- to pi down instead of pdn- ui>, and we regard such an ..ccnrrdi.v ;.- .
i;e-d indi.'ation of the pn^senee of the di.sease, esiK-cially when the drop is accomi.,.:.. ;
ly a well marked local reaction.

Ii;i ^[r. /i'-.s' (Valc-Cnrihoo}:
Q. Yi.u i;-e mallein for testing for tuberculosis, do you ii"t ?
A. X". \Vc use t\ilxTridin. _

Q The rea-.u I am asking is that many farmers consider it is the same : -■

that you are tr<;:tinu f-r th.> two dis<>asi^. and that wli.u ynu get a ri.-e iu temiM r..' ,r

it may not le glander- at nil ?

A. Til' re i- no c inKctiou. ' , , , . ,

Q. Is mallein a eeminereial article that can bo purchased at drug store {
A. Through a drug sta'c.

/;./ Mr. L.Ar:

Q. I.s it a matter of epiuiou at all on the part Oi* the veterinarian who i^ ;--
forni'iig the o,H-ration as !.. the extent of the rise in t(Muperatiirc ?

A. I' is not a matt( r of opinion.

Q fliat is to say. the tempiratiiro is hound to rise so many degrees in e' , : '
justify his conclusion?

A. Yes. under ordinary eireumstances,

nUVATK rsK UF 'lAI.I.KIX.

Bii Mr. Ki.^s:
Q -;•!...-•, ;■:: n '.'■-:^d deal of iireinilice- against mallein in my eon.stitneney. A ■ ■■
ber of mv pcvple arc complaining that others have been iu the habit of buying v - '
and testing their horses. The animals did not react when the in-^peetor came nr ;:■.
and so ;liev escaped, while the honfst jx-oplc who did not do dint had their hor, . ; .- ^
dumned N-'.v. i,- there no way of placing all on the same fooling so that or,. -•. ••

ro\\^,:,nA rioN of thk health of domestic ammals j

APPENDIX No. 2

A VMI. 1 .,,,,,1,1 be cuite willi„K to a-lopt a„v work.l.lo s.£^,..ti„M that mu- ho
1 lido to .„.■ 1,8 ti. how t.. ovrrcv.tiie luitiirnl .l.prMvily. '

//.'/ Mr. I'tfiK.r:

Q. T. ni.-llriu ,, .-ouiiMn,, t!,i,,p f„r ,Iru;;.-isl. lo k.,.,,?
A. Jli.y cm i.;i frit it wli.ni thoy onhr it.

illlillon OK AI'I'I.VI.N(; .MALr.|;iN n^sr.

iviri'ii;,' rather tliaii iii thj

11,/ Mr. lalhol:
<!. What ib :hv r.t'.in fur makinij tl„; test in t

A. It is to alh.w tho i„s,K.,.tor and th- horno,, to e-t son.o slcv,.. A ,„ rio I „f
' . ..r t,n hours o nps.s h.twocn the inj..,.,i.,„ „„,• the timo who ts cff. 't h-.
i^ .P,..n.„t an,l ,h.t ..,„o m.ay as well bo ..pent i„ ro.t h^-ansc tlurc is n , hi ,,: o
i -y h.f..„ U,k„,K },o t*„,r.raturc in th. nu.rnin,^ and hrforo the ovonin^^ .■,;,."
.:.::': ri^rV "^r ''"' ''"^T '^''^^'"-■'' - -^- ^^ is Iar.oly a n.;ttJ .
r HI, ol" ''."•"'""• /~ ".\" ^^l'''--^' f ""«''^ '"-tion and that is that
1. r- •, hk. o.hor anima]., l,as h,s }nf.h,..st nornml tcn.perature in the c•vcninf,^

lly Mr. Lake:
A,' S ^""'"'"^"•■'^ '•'^^^ '" »'"'"«' "■'^'•y ^«^^ to a crtaiu extent with inoculation?

'J. Th.n .omctin,rs it rise. ,o a point at whioh the votorinarinn is ,:ndoei.h<,l ■,.
.'. '"-ho -an n,ako corta.n of the presence of the .lisoa.o or not. Kavo vou fixe

n I r of <l..f:nc.s of r.so wlneh ,s noe.ssary to prove tho prosonco of th^diseaso?

A. ihe d..Rrees I-ahrenhe,t arc ahout three and a hrlf. That is the limit hevond

1. -' do not care to ko. But al our in. peetors have a certain latitu.le allowed

..;-. Ihe^e njay ho .sr,„,o purely loeal re..o„ f„r that ri^e of te.npenture or for

:.:-;eo of whuli the inspector may be aware, but which I, sittin;,' in inv offioo

■■ ■I'Ufr ever h,s charts .nd reports woul.l .not know anything about, eonsequentlr

T,-,. .t,.r ],ns ins d.ree,,.,,,, whenever there is a rise of temperature above that

. ar point to make a note on tie ehi>rt ,<nh>ss the animal is destroyed. I think

n very important and praetical question. The inspector has to' use his own

•■ .1 ju-Vment >n every e-,s,.. The rule T lay down is this: That given certain

.s .ud^eertan rc-ults ,.f ,hn „,nllMn test, unless the law is carried out and

■<-'i i-^ s MUKliterMJ. tho ,us.>e,-tor must explain why, which I think is onlv rLdu

IIFTKSTS.

■!i.. insprctors have n power which is not mentioned in these regulations, of
_ '-.m.ir for farther tests, any horses which they may see fit to reserve for thnt

• ^ . . mu>t lose ,f he ms.sts of h.s own vclition in holding for further tests, horses
■hv; . -le m^p.otnr woul.l otherwise condemn.

/.' / Mr. n

0.«»' ."

' !!i'''r'""'~' ^''^^ ^""^ '^'^ ^^P*'"^^ «f th.^ quarantine why not allow him com-

''■r:i:,.z'Z'i i'V" ""'''• '"-^^^ "^'''•'' '^ ^^^'"^ f- ^'^^-^'^ ^o^es

^' '" '°"* '"^'^ ^^''^ '*"* f °"ntO' is paying. And tho reason why this coun-

mM:iM

m

VETEItlXAnY DIRKCTOR aESFRAh

-I

M

6 EDWARD VII.. A. 1906

r,g:'r...t «11 our knowl...lK- a...l n«aiust all our r..Ku!a....,>.. n,H,n kr.,..u« uln. ^ «- n.r.
of tills c! scaso in \\\* stalilo

privil.^r l).v l'>\\v^ I'is < iionsation.

li,l Mr. HI'liii:

A la.';' v.,u m,!k1>1 l.av.. a horso wor.h .flO.OO... an, Mho ntn.ost wo ronl. ,„^
■ 1 I lu, *-'i)() Or a iKtor Mtllt-r uiav liavo tlirro or four Imr ^

:';i riilullw i-Ut .,,>on kmin^ thLhorso. .f it .as roalK wort., far .
to him to K- 1 thr US' ,f thoM. tor a few wooks.

11,1 Mi: rishrr:
O hMt lu. i^ onlv allow..,! to kocp them un.lrr striot qnarantiru-. ho has to s! v.
,U,t t .an k..p th.m isoh.tc.l. If he Joes not show that he w.U not bo h11o«,.. ..

k. ep ih ni;
A. V.s.

/;.,/ Mr. Ill"in:

O \re thrro nianv siu'h o.iso"? , , ., •

V \o th.re ar.> .onn-aratively few. Every now and then there ,s one osp... .
in dl^'tri.ts lik.- Mr. Kos.V. whore the ^ople have never been expor^ao. ,1 .n ■■

gliaulTs 1, ally iiitMiis to them.

Mr. Wri'lhl {M ii.'.kulu) :
O Is it not n„<.ih!.^ that a horse might be so weakonc.l by overwork or son,,. . -
nl^int th ,. -ifT ..|'..,1 its lu^al.h, that it would be unable to resist the cfFoets of n,,, •
S th i','^ dt JouM iH. a ris.^ of t..nporaturo. apart altogether from the .,ue..>

havho^ ^;y"|;;';: ; ,,,.^, ,, „,^„ ^,.,,, ;, very little -lanj^or. The peroenta^e ..f ;

1 ■ ,11 ,1 ,1 .,.1 lt'.,l r.. i,.i-i'.^ is vorv small. There is '.his to he sai.l. how.'ver: .
;:::;:,'i;r:' 1! ;!hu;;,h-,..l .....s m any stable, and you start in an.l take th..„-
;..r, iK ,'.r ..i-ht .i.u.s in -Jt hours without any referenee wha .n-or to ,m
j;?' .^ rh ,. ' ..all, in wi.hin n hundred miles. It is nevertheless o-t.^
Th,re w r u, „,„p..ratnro of one of those hor.es may. thr,u,.i. ■ ..

''"i^-'r r . 1^ V .tran,,.us ..ireun,>tanoe su.l.lonly rise. Now that : r-

"'i' f ;, 1 ■- an inj.v,ion of n>alloin the pr..vious ni.ht bo v. .

":£„:ll as -i .n. r,-,.,n dan.l..-. That is really about the only r.sk w.. : ^
the practi.'al u-o ..f i.KilInn.

/;,/ Mr. /.'..« ()■«'',■-( ',ir-'.;o);
O I'.nt the t..n.p. rat.iro did not rise because yv.i injooto.l malloin?
A. It- llu'rl. Ins no nudlein within a hundred niib'S the hor^.'s temix>ratur. -

go up.

^

cnssKnrATiox of tpk in..\ rrn of domestic a^hmai^ 65

APPENDIX No. 2

KISIMIICTK.N- (,K ST\nr.KS.

Q. ran you H,ur.ssf„I|y purify „ MnUr. without l.urninR it, nn,l l„uv f

■ , .h.; . ":t !,'! "wi. r'^' ''"""• '''"■'•'■ " " "">■ '■"••■•-•i"^' ti,i„.. i„voiv..,i

H 1 . V th,. ', . T" " '::T "'":■• """ '^ " ^"""' ^^■''"" "«"• v-'.ri,„.ry sur-

: r W 7"'''";^""';' '<-"|...l.v,. .1... K.r,„s of ^,|MM,|..r.. for .v.-ar; :uul

'. n.M.H .s h,. .Mr..,,... I..„j„n ..I tir,H. that th- ha,.iM„. will hv.. .,„tsi,l,. of ,h,.

■ "■'• ' t.ll-.f C,1,I h..h..| ,S th.. ..X,.l.,„.„ ol tho*. |;.l,.,„ ,.;,s,.s of .li..,,s.. uhi..), haV.

■' '^ ■'■■;"":' ':; "\''-^' ""■,"-••'• ' '-■'• I -. w ,v.„. i,. ,„t.wa. a„v of „

. .-.r. to s,.,. u. a hor... thai ha. ha.l Kla„.|..,-s for ,h, v,.ar<. w,. k„ow th-,! t,T n

■ li.l >,.| ,1 IS as li,„. „ looki,„r |„,r.,. ,H th.r.. is i„ t|„. ,|i,,ri..;.

I''<l Mr. J.'os.i ( Ynlr-Carihnii):
<}. Wh.v .li.l you ,i.,t kill hiui ?

\ I Imv,. n.aso,,s whirl, I will .xph.i,, at any ti„,... Il.,t th.. -,• whi.h was

>: l>.M„ lal,.„t Klau.l.Ts was (h,. „K,-i,..y wl,i..h hron^ht th,-s.. o|,| Mahl.s „,„|,.r

.■-n. As ...s.. :,l,,.r ..as,, krpt ,„,,„.„ri„^ iu th.. staMo th„ v..t,.rinaria,> an.i th..

'■ .n-i;rhl ,t was ll„. stal, . ,hat was t.. hh,n„.. wh-n.as i„ r..ality it was th.. hor...

I. .-a ..opy of th,. „.,t,.... wh„h w.. iss„..,| ..o„tai„l„« a ,l,.s,.n,,tin„ of ,h,. ,n,..ho,l „f

■ I:: .!l-t,.i..|s wl„.r,^ ,l„. ,.xls,,.,,,.,. of ^.lau.l.Ts is susp..,.,..,l. nt,.l rs,„.,.ially i„ ,„.iKh-
. • •!- uh.T.. a,.„al ,„„h,...ak.s hav. o....„rr..,l. th.- a.loptio,, of tl„. f..l|ovinj, pr,...a„.
- '- '"^ •'■-;;' I""--; an,| oth,.rs ,„t,.n.st,.,l will ,1„ „u,..h to pr-nvut th,. spn.a.l ,.f
' ;'"■•■ .■'".! th,. .stahl,sl„„..„t of fn-sh <-,.„tr.>s of i„f,.,.tion
.. . .r-, , o,. „„,|,.s havi„K a i.asal .lis.-harp. or ..th.'r ,suspi,.io„.s svi„p-o.,„s .h,.„|,|
.,:,,:,.., to |,v..ry or f..,.,l stal.l.s or yanls. hla..k.„ith' shops, ohun-h ,. il,:!;
-. r„> uav Mo..k ,,ar,ls. pnvat,- stahlos or othor plar,. wl„>ro th.^v ar.. lik..|v f., ,.o,n,-

^ ■;■,,•"■ '"''"■■'' "•>'•' with auimals of th p,i„r .sp,.<.i..s.

-. .. .tal,l..s var.lsorsh...|sus,.,l fo- tho n,...o,>,.„o,latio„ of hors,.s..r .nul.s sl,o„|,l

^ .iMiv .,„ 1,.,.,p„.,„ V ..l..a„.,.,| au.l .lisi„f,.,.„.,l in th,. man>„;.r pr..s,.rih...| l„.|.,w

. A.hr ..[..ansiufr th;. pr,.n,is,.s thoroughly ami burni,,;; all .l.^hris, lh,. I,,,,,.;,,,:

= . u.ll Ron,. ov,.r with hot st.-am or hoiliuir wat.r. a.l.ii,,- to ,h,. k,,,,,,. .„ i, .. ,

. :--t -.1 ..nak^ .arI,..H-. aok! to oa,-h fivo ^all.,n., affr wlu,.h th,. ,.nlir,. s,„.f.,.,.

■ ' ■ , '^'^ ;•■'•".'' 7"' f 1'"' solutL.n of fn sh li,n,. wash, to whi,.h .-n,,!,. va.-l ..li..

'''" aiiil,.il !n \\tf all, IV,' iiicntiiiiiccl projiortion.
" '-'IMi.-^s f,.n..,.. an,| li..i,u. po.ts with whi..h i>,f,.,.t..,l :„,i,„nl> hav.. I,,...,, In

- '.M al-,.. wh,.„ poss.hk.. h,. th.,r.,nf.'hly tr,.at..,l i„ a ^ ;;,■ niann.r

'-.-..Mry h:,rn,.>. a.,1 Mali,. ,,t,.n.ils, whi.-h hav.- I. ru in , .,, with inf. ,.„.|

■ ■ nt,,.t,.,| p,.,.,n,.,,s shonkl 1„. ,!,„ron^],ly -oak,,! in a 1,.., s.,!n,l f ,.,,„■,.

M "t .1 -ti-.ii^rtl, ,,| ,,„, p.,r| t,, tw,Mity.

' •■ ri::K whirl, n,i-hr 1 ,. injun-.l by th,> ahovo tr,.alniont. <v.rh as v,l,i-,l,',. h-r
' -. .■n-ln,,ns. ^•,>. wh„.h havo U-on in ,.onta,.t wi:k ,f,.,.|i,,„. .l„.„ki 1„. ',, i,;.;,,,

■ 'rl ,,!','.',']'''' "' '"""'■-■"'''' '"'"' '■""•"■akl.hv,!,., aft.r wl,i-!i ,h,.y .^l,o',l,| I,,,

In -t,,M,. whrro ontl,r..aks hav,. o,..nrr,.,l or wh.r.^ ,l!s,.as,.,l animals hav,. i„.„I-

T .iihi.rwiso. honii stall!..,!, ovoi; iOinr-.-irarn-.- <!-..-. .!...-...: ,. ; ■:-. .

-l.r,ially thoro,u:h an,l in su,.h .-as^s it i^ Vaf,-.t ^i' n.iMovi^ an,l 'hurn' f,'r!l
• ! .'n.'inpTs wh,.n of woo.l ; iron arti.^l.^s ran ho r,^n,l,.n.l harn,l,.ss |,v passing,
" ii-'l. hro or hy immor.sinp thpm for .sonio tin,,, in l.oilinf, wat,v. All littor frorn
. -Lnnals shoukl ho hurncl or car,.fullv f,.n,.,.,| until us-o,L

i

|!jfn^r,, r

eo

VETERISART DIRECTOR QENERAL

I I

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1908

'5 Fi.rim>r> ;mhI oIIkts shouUl, whenever powible. avoid mlmitliiiK Btmngc hnr>. .
or iHMlr.s I., ti... ,,.-. i.iisrs oocupi.Hl by their own Uliimais rs,K«ciuliy of the »aine Hinri. ^.

J; i, ,, , 1 ,,l.,i> to re*.rve un i>ohited building for outside Lorsea or n.ul.,.. but wh..,v

tin. .. .,H|.,>->,1.|.. they UK.y be ..-.•o.nnuKh.ted in «.w .tnbh « eattlc not Uu,^ .ubj-vl ,.
,i.u.l,.s 'nl. .„„.,. Su.h h..r>e, and uad.« ^hould U- wat.red frou. npee.al ,m.l.. wlu.h,
„.p.,h. r «i.h all other «.abl,. utennil^ u^'d on or about U.e.n. nhnu Id bo earefu l.v
dran.-od and .li-infectod before beinK u.c^ for .-ther .,nm,ak Sta Is oeeu,..ed 1.
MrauKo hor.rs or uu.i.s should be well clean-sod nn.l di..nt.et..d and. .1 at all i.os>,l.. ,

lift uuoceuiiicd for some time. ,. ■ . i i i

• 0 Wlurr n,w horMS or nudes are purehnsed in or fron> d.st nets where gland. : ■
cxi^t., 'thev should, unb.s ear.fully tested with nuill.in pri..r lo pureluise, be stub. :
apart 'aiid'elo. l.v xv.,teh.d for some tin..' before being brought m contact with oti ■.

animals of till' ciniii.' spi'-"~. , ,. , i .■ „ „.,1 ,,. :

•7 It mM,t be bona, in ..und that wlnlo nasal discharge, or uleoratn.n. enl.n,. .
duals" the pn.M.ueo of favv buds, unaoeouutable swelli.ig of the inubs and gen, v..;
unthriftin...' often eharaH. n/o. eases of glanders, the d.sease rx.^ts u. nmny an,,,, -
"vi.hout. for the time b, iug. any ext,.rn,d nnuufestation whaU'Ver the only n,e„„ ■
.iH.etion in such ca.es being th- n.aUein test, and that these oeoult or la., nt ea... :
i„ .ome respoet^ tl>e n,..<t dangerous bceau.se unsusp-'etod. Our experi.ne,. sh„ . 1,

is possible for animals of this class to convey inf,...t.o„ to others wuh-mt then'- '- ;
,levi.|opi.,g acute syn.pton.s. It is therefore plain that great oaut.on sh,,uld «• . v
ci.sed in the purchase or handling of strange horses or n.ules. especially m tl.oM . -
tricts where the disease has become ectabhshed. ,t , i , ,

•S The carea.s«.^s of animals d^ing from or slaughl.red ns being atT-.tid v ..
f:I;„„lers should. wh,.n possible, be burueil. or. failing this. b,in.'d at bast sis: ;.

^"'"■'o' iwne™ oTi^cmises where outbreaks have been dealt with shoul.l bear in ,, : :
that iiispectors cannot recommend release from quarantine unless disinfection has , ,
carried out in a satisfactory manner, and that comp<..^^at,on for animals sla„, ,.. ,
cannot be pabl until a certitieatc of cleansing and disinfection hn.s b.-n rcciv. ,1 l'.

?iliiiister of Agrii-ulture. . . i ■ i

' 10 Itorse owners should have no hesitation in reporting to this departimnt. ...
its inspi-ctors. the existence of actual, or suspeete.1 cas,^8 of glanders. 1 he disea. , -
leen spreading rapidly of late years and it is a matter of public interest that e^e t: -
centre of infection should be discovered ami dealt with as promptly a-s posMbl, .

'J. G. lUTHF.RFOKI),

f . ■ 1, ,,„ • Vitcriiiary Director Gi in ' '.

'Departinint "f Atrneiilture. ■'

'Ottawa, March. liHH"..'

r,;i Mr. l.i'^c ;
O Is tlii> be-t plan of dii,iiif<ction6 _

\ We u- - i lime wa-U with crude carbolic acid in it because it shows wli,-

.lisin'f:ctiii.' has'l,een douc We take iioboiiy's word for it in a matter of tins

but we 8.K. that o„r orders have been complied with, ana when there .3 fr«.h hi,

,h,. ,v hvork of the st,ible that is pretty good evidence.

Q IV, vou u<e formablehydo in many stables ? ,, .,,

A Wi-'u^i- forii,,,; '.h\d,. in some cases. Where people have old stables u

in ^et them t.. buni iheiu. Of course we do not pay them anything for it. Straw

«re vcrv bad We like to get a new roof in the case of a stable with a ro..f of .

■^l m-nerallv iret tli,^ man t,> burn his feed boxes and everything of that kind th

to burn. S,.',u,-tini, s he may be a little obdurate.

, tV.,

tra".
r'' is

i?// M-

O. F,.nii,,b

A. Y.s.

Fifihrr:
■bvil,. vapour, if thoroughly Joiic will disinfect thoroughly!

^>.*^? J:^

X -t,

vo.\^t:HrATWs oy run uhaltu ot uonK^rw a.muai^

APPENDIX No. 2

S7

OI..\M>f:|IS IN MAN.

Jly Dr. Il„/.,/,.

us

Q. I'd ^'ui iliuiU ji j,
-|"ikcli 111. Cur till. |iiii|„

»' i.v UM|<, riant. Ili;it tl... pnrll..^ \vl„
I , , , ,,-■'"' 'ii-i-'iii-li,;: ill, ,|i-.v.-.

ills.) i.t lis very lllilll^clull,t .■tmr^rUr (

A. I .|„it.. n^'r.,, with Dr. Wul.l,. I ,„ij,|„ ^,,

li 1.S 111 trn-it iiiipcrtiii j,, |^„„

rur iiiiihIkt of i^iwi.s of

air u-^'iwu innllcin,

"< n .1- r.irni. r, Ki'iirrully,

illy <i.li'rartiiiK Uu; (JiMii-.

«

,, , , ,""- '-^ " pi'.i-<i "I' Uio (iu...t;.iii

lMi».'laii(|. Ill tl.af city aim thcr- •■-

t: ^ny y..ar. a. a ...rinana,, i,. C.,,:, , n. ,, ' ' t in a "'" ?'"^"' "'7'^
,1 r, ,s wry pr.vaK.nt. has c.,nvii„.,.,| mh li.t I r i "/""""?■ ^^■''"'•<-' *-''^'"-

i-ry y..ar from KJa.ul.rs. '•"'''' '"""'"'' "^ """ "' f'"'^"'" Jio

/y-,

J/c. A'i,vv f Ynl,-(:,uii

nhonj:

\. .r

!■ ■

Q. VoU IIIUSI, have 1m'.|i a Ih.V Wllrl, v,„l tt.r, I

\ t .. 1 1 . - ^ '" start! I in, a.-, a \. ti r imr in /

ex., aim,, this ani.nal and trea h i ,:' r' "I'^'f^^' '"-k-^ "■"! 1>" <l...idej

■■ .l.iy. afl.rwanis h.- tlk i .k V , '■■'^"'■"''^■' 1" r and filed her teeth and

•li.rdu..t„r wiu, tlK^iVillira,, I, .r ,''''"' ''^'•■"''" «y"'P^"« developed.

. a„y sick he,;:,, o t I 4 ""V e "s.eoTl l''":' '".'""""'^ f^ '" "■'"^"'" ^J'-

. -'1 tl. U,.y died, and di'ed in vey I. ti/r^'lltrrr ',,'''' ''•"" "^ ^"""-
iU.n. But I am satisfied a Iar;.o nml o^th l' rJ '' o^''^'^, ^'^-^^ I cuui.I

-"-d. Dr. Walsh', ^.e.stion I c^rl^^ [^^l^^Z^^'Tl'-^'^-- "- ■;<."

VIT.VLITr OK BACILLIS M.*I,I,EI.

By Mr. Lewis:

Q. How long do you say this discaso will last in a staMo i
A. .\tx)ut four months in a ward, damp stable.

By Dr. Sproule:

^ y. lias it been demonstrated that tc^tinir a mare ,„ fn.i n-uv _„,>,;^ _ ... „ ,

~: ;.:.;::;,-.; Uijunuii.-iv ; "" ^=,,...-.5 hiu affect

i

^^^^'■Mf*.' ^r.

^wr "-^

lf.fr

:!■

1

J

i

ti

>

h

1

» 1

1

'9

1

t

1

1 5

4

d VKTERISARY DIRKOTOR aSNMRAl

« EDWARD VM., A. 190«

//j/ Mr. Lewis:
Q. If you washixl out llio pail from which glumlcrcd antmali had drunk, would
tliat di.^infci.-t iti

A. X", it wi'uKl n"t !)<• safe.

Ill/ Mr. I Ml'':
Q. l)i«-* tile Koriii .lie (luiikly in tlifl minf
A. In 111.' BUii it <li'H v.ry quii'l^ly.

n<l Mr. I.i'his:
Q. Is that sliiHt (li-<ribiiiK the j)ro<'cdiiri' when di^itifwting to go into tho cvi-
d( 1111- ',

A. V'.'^. it will Ik' -I'l'''"! liroailnusL

I!;/ Mr. A'ovs (y.il.'-Ciinhon):

Q Vnii ,11,1 n..i .A|.L,iu why llm hmncos on tlie hills do n,it show '.ind.Ts tlw

•amo lis hors,.^ in a stil)!.-. Tiiat is a matter t'h,. furnicra in my const ncy caniiut

ui„l..rst:in.l; v,mi kill lii,' ko.mI Imu-ms an,l all,>w tiie scrub, tiic oayusc, t.) run an.iinl

tho hills; , . .1 .1

A That is (Msilv .xpl.iincl. f,>r tho r.'ason that in the raiino country, when
uiiinia!« or lar.ls l.fl in the o|H'n air have U-como inlVcU'.l with pulmonary disease
of anv lun,l, that di.-a-c' ,l,"-s not jjct the same chan,v U> oncn.ach on the trcn.r:,.
licaltli as it d,.cs whiiv conditions under whi,h the animab live, or are kept, ar

V \\', 11, if th...-,' imrsis on the rancrs were brought into corrals luid stables, an I
k,-pt ti,,. >aiiH' as th,' farm animals, they would In.- just ae liable to glamlera?
A. V,s.

POST-MonTEMS.

ll;i Mr. .S7'i;i/rs :

Q. Is il eu-t,,Miaiy when tlie pr(«enee of tho disraso is discovered by the mnlloln
test and an luiimal has Uhu .lestroyed to hold a post-mortem?

A We .!,, someti.n,s iiohl n postmortem in the intcr.st of rCR-itih- .nvcstipiti.i .
hut as th.. olli.ial in char^'e of this work, I have been very particular m „tr„ctniu ,.,
olHeials tiol t. lioM po^t-morl,.Ms for the reasons that I have, unfortunately, ha,l tl .
i,rivi!e«,- ,,f ^.^ini: one or tw,. .-a-s of iiun.an glamlers, an.l while I would sm.-.^r, : ,
n-cnf the killing' ,.f anv man-s hors..s. through a mistake, or through an error in .h:.r
n,.>i. I wouM ,ri-:ikc virv ,nu,-li lo U- sa,l,ll..l with th- resp,.:„ibility ,.f causing the i:
f,.,'.ti<m ,.f ;m,v ,.in' .M' our in>!"-,t,.r-, by putting him to the risk of h,.l,ling a post-ni^-
tern on a plan.b'red Imrs,-. It is n most dangerous business, far more dangerous th ,n
th,. onlinarv mi.n ha- any i.l,-a ,,f. A nusli^il man holding a post-mort m in a morge. ,
with all the npi-Han.vs to prev<.nt infection, is in a comparative y safe position 1 ,
vet<'rinarv snr.',',.n holding a pn^t-n.-rtem in the open fiel,l. with .imply the o',lina: .
in<tninu.nts n, e,..>ary t,> .li.ct a bo.ly, an.l un.lcr the conditions which he ha. • ■
encounter there i* greatly cNpos,,! to i„f\.ction. I may saj^ I have a ways ;-"«;,-.
eareful pra.-titi,.ner n,y>,lf. but I have be,,, rep,..ate,ily ,nfect.-d with cntag..,,- .!
.:^'e-ai,l <m .hv,.. .eparat,. occasions I w:w i„f,-..te.l w,th an hrax-through liol.l,:
„ost-mort,.n, exa,ni„a.io„s. Speaking a,lvi.e,lly, I w,ll not_a.=k the ,ns,K>_o ors of . .-
,l,.n.,rtment t., take that risk, having tlre eonfaleneo that I, in common with all oU
.eodern v, t. ri,iar,ans have, in mallein as a di^gnoshc ag,u;. Ther(^ is n- -,--■ ■
wh itever to anv own.r employing his own vetrr,nary surgeon and having a post-,„or(. ■.
Txanination on anv animal which i. dostroycl by our inspectors [n that en.e the r -
Bpensibility for as.n.oing tho risk of infection is not on my shouljers.

cossuhvation or tbb bkaitr or Doyesric asiuaij^ m

APPENDIX No. 2

Q. That ii tbo very reason why I oaked the quMtion if I may be nllowcl to ex-

1 1 un Ono of our in!.,)i.ctor. I a,n not gointf to mention his name, tul.J mo la^t fall

ih.a ho wna able to bring out certain facU by kol.linK a postmortem aft^r destroying

. iirsi Ju.rs.-. Ho thoroughly sotistiod the owner of tho horst* that he waa quite right

:. .1. jtroy.ng \\w whole hcr.l. The official in question said: • Vou can saUsfy tho own-

..f h..rs.H in that mann.r more thoroiigljy than you ean by applying the malloin

A. I kn. w ih.ra...- to whioh Mr. Staples ref.rs, and tho insp<>,.tor's report which
i luvr, c..mvys .xaclly the same info;Mation whioh tho hon. meinher has Kivea to Uin

:' " "",''• ' "»*■'• "" "''J'-'t'on to nn iti8iH.etor at ;,ny limn making a post-nmrK-m if

1, .-•. tit to do «o. un.l ansumes the rrs,H,„-;' ,|,,y hims.lf. liut as the li.'ad of tho
r n.'h. I eoul-i Hot .•onscuntiously authori/... or nrd.r, a poHt-inort-^m oxamination to
, inailo 111 ev. ry <a.-M . I would not do it for anything.

i). Vou UMd.r^tan.l the for.c of trying to satisfy the public. It i.s a live question
. . i, W.St. A great many of those who arc having their horses destrove.l are of opin-

t iMi tli.vv are iMMUg s-verely dealt with. a.M if you can explain to theru by a post-
: It. M, that Hueh .8 not the ease, I think provide,! tho risk is not too great that ther"
- ,ii.l l.e a jH.Ht-mortem. You Hee where there aro probably ten h,.rs« involve.l it
w :M prnba ,lv n.enn $.'..'.00 to that larinor. so that he dice hard, so to spcnk. It puts
! |"il of business if he in severely dealt with.

.\. He wouM get for bin ten liorse.^ a thousand doliars, that is .'or horse's which
^ : I not le worth ten cents a r,ieee. (!landcre,l horses arc not worth ten cents a piece

'.». 1 will go a l.itle further than th.it: I know a man who had live very valuable
i ; s. One of them he thought was probably afT..eted with glanders, it was not fliriy-
1 ^^ry well. JIc .1, ei.h.l to eaU in nn inspeetor, which he did .<ind the inspecto-
' . that this pirtieular h.>rse whieh the fanner thought was di-cxsed, w.as perfectly
!■ .iiv. Ihat being tho ease tho farmer said: 'I have no reason to .lo.ibt that my
: r horses nr.- inrfectly henlthy, but I will have, them test^'d.' The result was thit

•f his iiK.st valuable horses, showing no ellnleal .symptoms whatever, were t'lljcn
. : ,n.I shot. iMth-r of thorn w.ns worth at least $250. so you can easily understand
! • .1 hve qu( stion :t is with us in tho west.

hsiiKit.—l think that it is one of the most conclusive arguments in favour
innll.m test H.re was a man wlio had a sickly horse whieh ho thought was

!■ I. Jle t<^sted tho animal and found that he was wrong. Rut he discovered that
luT hor-f whi.h he h.'.d regnr.i.d as ivifcetl" snfe were infected. Had that

-n .lis,.overe,l It might have gone on for years, and the rest of his horses been

• '\ :mu\ th.se of his neighbours. 1 grant that at the moment ho di<l suffer i
1. >S but US a matter of fact in the long run that man and tho whole neighbour-

.-.pen. nci'd a groat gain in the destruction of tiioso two horses.

Ml

l!;i Mr. SInpIrx:

1 W ha pp. eaiitions .ro adopted to keep the di-rnse from spreading? Now. there

.;,.,. of a horse whu.h the doctor knows verv well. The liorsc was importci into

Ik It w.is ,|.-troyed n.s being infcctwl with glanders, but di.l not re.act sufTi-

• " .'arry the conviction that it had the disease. That horse had teen travelling/

■ 'l.e season and stopping in stables with other stallions, drinking out of the sam'
.1 e^n,ug out of the .«amc bo.x. The veterinarian was api.rised of this and it
:i-'e-te,l to Inn, that it would bo wisdom to follow the case up and te.st the other

! -^ and also the other horses wh.eh had been in the cn,,;p sf;,!,!p p.,..t fhat "--
•■ . Vow. would you advi.se yoir offi.-ials to proeec.l to trace that in order' to

■I'e the dis(>asc?

•■ Mr .Staples must recollect that this department only took over the work - ^
lilt. 'ha government about fourteen montl

?'

¥

4.

.f-'-

H

ft

0*

«.•

i

#

-1

'*J

i^

m

ik

v uo

k in Manitoba; a gooj deal -n fact.

ago. Since that time

we have ,.jne

10

VETEUISARY DlRKCTOIi GENERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1908

Q. Why ,lkl you ii..t take over the v.-rk fmn, Jlanitoha at th, SMinc tin... ns yoM
dM in the ca-e of the ..ther proviiuv>'(

\ iLrau-^c it was in thr han^is ,.1^ th.' provnu-ial anlli„r,l irs. and it was f..r th,-m.
as w*a,, r--.Ht.d out to th. itcuih r. Mr. Km-lin. to ■^^r,.■ to onr takuij; it ,;v.r. llnw-
ev.r, th.i. i. n..t a matU r yoi' .hnuld ask n.t ahoul ; a^k n,y n.uu-trr who .s hm-.

y\v. Sr.\i'i.i;s.— If I am o it of ordor I will la't a-k y-ai.

:\U. FisiiK!!.- That is a inalSr of adniini>trali..u and iiolioy.

ly. U, riiKK.onn.- •n,,.t was my roasr.n for not p.in;,' on. I started to^an^v. r
th- .lu.^tion. hnt rtcollrc-ted the- ministor was h.ro, and it is for him to ?!>.::■..: at ^H
o,i.i*ti< iH of iio'if^y.

r.j Mr. Cash:
O I havo not hoon hrro during tho entire me.tln^'. lias it develoiXMl durin- il.

dij,M.s.^ion as to the time ut whieh this .liscase is eonta-ious in a horse? Do yo .

claim that it is enntayious, or lias that been brought out (

A. We have i;ad a p'od dml of .liseiissioii ahout that. , , ,

Q Do vou OMi.Mchr it coiitauious until i'fter the chiiieal symptoms .lovel..,,^

i.i.\Mn:i!s IN .vA\ri<in.\.

\ My . v-h nr, T think, .xpl.ans that. I was t;oinjr to say to :Nrr. Staples that
M-Mi'inla'l.tv.MU N..v,niler 1. l'."'!. and -M.in-h V,\, \'MW. u.- have .lestroyrd -
h,,r-r~ ii.j .N.HM, :■,-;. li. 11 has !^,'en paid for th-'- horsrs to th,' amount of $(!>,. l'i..

^,■1. 1,,'r ., 1 li.i.r in Mniiil .ha on-aired by the hnMl -overnnimt. I befran oper.it,..

ui'id r tii.' Vur.iii.iv j:Mv.iiei,, 111 as msi^vtor in Manitoha, and I d alt with a ,L'r
I aiiv .as s ,,f ^'■.nv'<v- in mv .li-ti-i.'t. whi.-h was a v.ry lar-re on,' in th.' early ,l:-
I'.He 1 1.. kill l^T— ih. n ,;ud' w pai.l no m..n,-y f-r th.an. tlare was n,. .'omiHai-at
Some . f th:. n,ui,i, ipaliti.s paid comp.'iisation. but the lartre nnniieipalitios of I'or'
!., I'ra'-i W, ,1, .Ui-iH and lleauliful Plains ,li,i n,,t i>ay anvthnifr. 1 he .Miiis-Mpi. :;
W'S t'lat tV.- i-onr fanii.r was a heavy i,.s,.r. I hav,' kn-wu fann.rs t,. h.s,. •, ,!■.
liorso- 1 ,■ ali.r an,aii,T. Soiiu-times tlar,' would be two and three tak.-n at a C. :
and 1 havr mvs. If. as insp.vt.T. burie.l five and si.K horses on one farm wlwre th,- ,.

did n..t .-t a .-.nt of ■ ip-nsation. X..vv. I ,lo not m.-an to say that m ,nie -',

twcU-.- u onth w.- hav.. l.rn abU- to .dalw.rate in .Manitoba an abs,dnt.-ly perf.-et s>-'.
of deali.u,' with ev.ry r,-,.ort..,l e.i.e of Khmders. We have .lone in he provin.-,
imnvnse amoant ,.f work, and with the ex.-eption of one or two iso late.l eas.-s ....
whi.-h is th.- eas,. Mr. S,.,pl. < r.-f,.rr..,| to a little while apo. wo have ha,l abs,.lut,.ls :
a word of .■oiaplaint fn.m .Maii,t..ba. in spite of the numl>.-r of horses whi.-n hav .
kille.l .ui,! i>ii,l f'U-. S., 1 thiidi while wv are always open to critieism. aii.l I l-I
wd.-omc eriti.ism. b- .an^.. it mak.s us try to do better ami to improve our w-.u-k,
oudit to be all,.w,,l a littl.- er.-.lit for haviu- done fairly poo.l work in Manit,.!-..
the short time we hav,> bon op. ratins there un.l.-r very try.nfr eon.htions. _

Mr Stm'IF>^-I h"P'- the doet,.r does net imafrme that I mtemh^.l to insiim:
that he "or h;s ..tat7 were not entilbd to .-re.lit. Not by any means. 1 am not lien-
cast -my r.-fle,i:.-us up,,n the work the ,1. partment is .loing with respe.-t to glaiPi.

t.T

■r-.

Hll Mr. Chiiih''lin:

Q What ,>th<'r subj..,ts do ,voii desire to sp..ak upon?

a'. I h'av.. nu my ii-t hon <-hol, r.u sh..< p seub, Pietou cattle

ase, rani;

ladi

colt, mange

|.;iitl.- aii.l tubereulosis in cattle.

COSSEliVATWX OF TBE HEALTH OF DOMESTIC AMMALS

71

AHPEiMDlX No. 2

By M'. Staples :

Q. ]icf„n- ,v. ,1 ],.av,. the question of glan.lera, I would like to ask if there is any
f(,rm goes int,. tlic ,i.p:irtuiciit stiowing what was discoverfd in the tostins i
A. Oil, y('<.

(). Tliat ci'nHs in U<nn the iii-.|icctors ?
A. Y(-.i.

(I. What fiicts ari' set (,|it in ii '.
A. (rnuhicing cl..runi.iit.) JKrc in un(! of the forms.

/>V Mr. Ciisli :

Q. I un,l,.rstoo,l j-qu U :•> '.ha* ;,.m ;^„i uisworcd tho qiu-ticn I asked ?
A. \ i-s, tlie statcnM lit i- . i (■,>■,. :•, ,1 n ; t.

, '': ^""' "■ '"■'■'■ ^^''" ''■■•• '"'i '"■' '■ "'■'! it. I ♦h„„f:ht perhaps you h.d ...d-

tht !' 'ii't {

A. What is it ?

<J. 'liiroiiirh what inoilinin is tin' disease cenve.wd i

A. (ienerally, as T said, hy inhalation, or hy direet or indireet inlVetion thro iM,

i: u.:>a\ diseharire whieh. winle appenriny normal is really a hearer of iiif, etive -• nr.s.

l!j Mi: LvirU :

i,t. At what sl;i^'o of tile dis, as., i.. it really first infe.-tious ?

A. 1 could not t. 11 you that. 1 am inelin.-.l to think that it is inf.rtious at almost

<,'. Can it bo cured in a human beinf,' '.

A. iVtes arc on record wliere human beinjis have recovereil.

<). It is different from the same disease in animals ;

A. Well, it is Kcnendiy more rapidly fatal in human beiiifrs ilian il is in animal
i!h !:i.. I n searches would seem to siio •■ that after iwssiiiK tliroudi the human sv;. ,n
'■ > ' -:i.. s even more virulently inf.-ciious to human beings.

'} I'rom the liiiman being (

\. Ves.

'>'. Is tlii> malleiii test used on hunuin beings i

A. It has been used, but il is not eonsideivd advisable in the case of hiinuin
t. ^i::-. because it causes tii,. .l,.vc!op,„ent of clinical symptoms. I might s^v that we
-. :^ nally have that same thniK happen in horses. Not infrequently we see a hor-f
.^M ;, li.is >lio\vii hitli(<rto no clini.'al symptoms of glanders, but on bfinjtr tc.-tc ,1 witli
111.' Ml immediately dev(dops the nasal dischar-je, the swelliiiir of tin fjlands, and the
" ■ • " ' in])toms.

'.'- There are ea.ses, you say, where horses suffering from glanders have lived for
Uiri ;, . irs and Continued to work i

-\. \'.s.

/.''/ Mr. Clarke :

'.' I understood you to s.ny they do recover in the early stages; do they entirely ?

A. Souie horses do apparently.

',' They c(>asc to react, and yon consider them cured '.

A Well, r read my opinion in regard to that. That i.s an important noint in

U

0['lli;.M.

'i UilMii, iuid i. read liiat

Whire they cease to react you set them free ?

A. As I said, I dwelt ui>on that very fully in my evidence which 1 read.

snj.:

72

VETERiyARY DIRECTOR GESERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

Bu Mr. Martin (.YoH/i Wellington) :
Q. Have you had reports of glanders in WellinRton comity ?
A. Yos, but not rocently. /-i i «

Q. Would it be tracoabl.' to these bronchos coiniiiR in from western Canada I
A. We have nbsoliitoly no evidence to that effect.

Having read over the preceding transcript of my evidence, I find it correct.

J. G. EUTIIERFORD.

If

If

IIofSE OF Commons.

CoM.MITTKK R0O)t Ko. G2,

MoNDVY, Tkiay T. innn.

The Select Standing Committee on Agriculture and Colonization met here
il;^v at lii.;ii> o'elcek a.m.. Mr. .McKenzie, chainiiaii. iire.sidinii'.

Dr. Ki riii;ur..ui), Veterinary Director General, appeared before the comniiiu
rr-i-;ill. and was examined as follows : —

Mr. Chairman and (Icntlcmcn— On Friday la.st we had a brief resume of tb.>
ot tht' last four vears. followi-d by a discussion on the disease known as glanders,
morning 1 have" notes on a number of diseases : tuberculosis, hog cholera, mada!,
coil, she.-]i scab. 1 iclou cattle disease, and mange in cattle.

Ihj Mr. L' ii'is :

(.}. Let us liave maladie du eoit ?

A. Whieh ever you lilio. With the permission of the committee, I will fell
saiiu- e..urse as 1 did on Friday. I wi read first a brief dis<piisition (ui the .!'
and after that we c:iu have the discussion.

.\rM.:\niE DU ro'iT.

It is somewhat dillieidt to make a definite repi>rt with regard to this di^' .
ov.iiig to its (^xeeediu-ly insidious nature, and the ditiieully of diagnosis in tin- ■
Btagi" it is possil,],. for it t.) exist undetected for a cnsiderable time in ■'■
where its presence is altogi'll'.er unsuspected.

As stated in my la.-t rei"'rt. the presence of maladie du coit in Canada w
discovered in Mareii, I'.MII. when Inspector r.urnett. Chief Veterinary Officer ■
Royal Xorthwot .M.'unle.l r.ilic<>, reported its existen.v in a stallion and several
the property of :Mr. W. T. l^b-C-oiglierty. resi<ling near Lethbridge.

In tlie course ef llie invistigntion. whieh was immediately thereafter inai-
I decided, in order to eliminate any <!oulit as to the nate-.e of the ilisease, t.i ■
Salmon, then Chief of the Bureau of Animal Industry, at Washington, tn '
enoudi t.i Insiruc; one n|' his in.-peetors familiar with nudadie du eoit to vi- ■

liridtre for the puvpi

of examining tln' sii>peeti'(l annua

In response to tins

Dr. Salmon desp

itched to tb.' scene Dr. K. V . Davisui. of Rushville. Nebr
-.i..r i.: :\\'.::::\ h'.\:\ bee!', ei'.tru^tcd tlio work of dealing witli

iu coil in

South

Dakota and other western states. Dr. Davison had no lies

confirmimr my
May 14. VmU.

diagnosis u

f Maladie du coit, and so reported to Dr. Salmon,

. ris.

a in
.late

CONSERVATION OF THE BEALTB OF DOUESTW ANIMALS

73

I

APPENDIX No. 2

Iho identity of the disease having been Uius established, it remained for the de-

!:;;:' n^eli^^S,:'"" ' '^'"'^'"'^ *'' ' '''"''"" '•""^•^' '"'^'"^ - -- ''^ -■^^^'-i

. , ■''i''"'^!l^Vl'' °' '^"r'"'', '■' * '«'^^J'^'1''« '"^^■"'^'■. in"'^"u.ch as while it hns

...M ih,. .Mljoct of n^oard. and invwitigation for upwards of a ,Tnturv. sdenli,,s

ha.u nut yet been able to agree as to its true nature or the best n>ea„. of dea ing w it

As an ,nd.geno ,-d.seaso. i„ Asia and Northern Africa, it appears, in these

7" '.'",■' I n^fV " ':.'"*' "^''r'' ''^l''' ^ " ^"'''' '"""""'-■« iataliy after the la,„se
Ml .. i-iiud ot from three niontlid to three years

h. Kun^e however, and also in America, it. behaviour is much more uneert.in
.:.^. -M,M l.,r a leattire wh.eh while iK..rliaps not without its a,ivanta!,n« in individual
r„~ . I. .Ml- to n.mphrate and render more d.ificult the task of dealing with it in -.

!■! i' -lid eir<'etlve nuinner.

n.lMK to Uie fact that at the time the existence of tl>c ,]isca.se was discovered in
\..^., there was no provision for the payment of compensation to owners who.se
I. r- .- „„^ht have to l>e slaughtered I thought it best ^. cst^tblish a ..uarantine station
.. ... :, -h, snspeeted annuals might be detaine.1 under observation, with a vi.w to the
;1 - • ...'.. «d hose which might prove to be undoubttKlly aileetcd. Thi.s wa, accord-
M...> ...:■. and m this station were placed the diseased animals dis,.ovcred in the lir.t
I ..-a: .. lo.^etl.er with a nunil|er of others picked up during the summer of IDO-i bv
. .-i;- .IS cspecial.y engag,,! f„r that purpose. I few small lot, were also .piar"-
:i!! :; ' I -M the iircmi.ses of the owners. '

■ ..,.'■' lT"t'"''rT; \ 7 " r ''''".'^, *^° quarantine station, and after examining' a
-p.- ;i U' tind that the d,.se;,se had not developed to any serious extent, even among
-•■:■• ; the cas<^ which were most clearly marked in the previous spring. ]5,.insr
.|;x: .- 1.. f:ive the suspects the benefit of any p„^iblc doubt, and l*ing also d^irous
1 : : ::i.,i,' as much information as possible as to the behaviour of the disea.se in
'.- V, - ,o It nn entin. ly new habitnt. I deci,led, instead <.f slaughtering anv of these '
•:-.-.. k...p tlK'm und.r ok-^ervalion for a further perio.l, and arrangements woro
1. !i . .^ niade t/) continue tlk> quarantine during the wintir.

1 M;v. 10O5 I .gain visitrd Lethbridge, ac-ompani^Kl on this occasion bv Dr.
. t luef \,l..r,i,ary OHu'cr of the K,,val Northwest Mounted Polbx^- Dr'llar-
■•. ■ M.di.Mn,. Ifat; Dr. Warnoek, of l>iii,-lier Crc^k ; Dr. Iliggins, our pathol-

...•!l as .several other inspectors of the department
" ;:.M-i..- the .xamination, it was found that in a co„sid, rable number of the
;.-.| m.ins, the d_..se,a.se had made marked progr.^ss. while i„ others, but iiltle
■..:a t ,e <n„ditions_ shown on previous occasions was noti.-eable, althou-li
■ r of ti>.>^=c unquestionably free from <lis..asc was verv small ind<>e,l Sev,r"al
'. w uch the symptom.s were well m.ark.^l were slaughtered, the post-mortwu
!i lield m each ease sliowing cl.Mrly that the animals were urdoubtdlv

q';:.r.
fiiai
t!.-:.
r.f •)

'V.!':.

cfT. •

I

fywr
v: f.
(.»n.-;

mi-!,'

T

t

IliK

mary

1:"S!,.

iili maladie due eoVt.

■ding cautiously, and making n canful autopsy o„ each animal as it w-h

■ ■■ lit. head were .b^stroyed. .A eoe.iderable number, however, iu whi,.], the

v,-iv not .suflauently well defined to .lustify me in onlering their slau-hler

;|MtuH"l some at the station and others on the premises of their varlo„<,

■lianwhile. three of our inspectors, namely. Buniett, TTar-rave and W-ir-
.1 ..f whoin had liad s,x>eial opportunities to familiarii'e him=elf with the
■■ re .nuthori/ed to r.rder the slaughter of any clearlv marked eases which

i.rouglit under tlieir observation.

.bt^^ay in this connection that I did not think it advisable, nor do T now

..Kisnb.e, to allow the destruction of these animals by our ordinary veter-

i-tnrs.

Speaking from my own n.^rsona! knowledge !br

crrcaf and the possibility of making mistakes is so constantlv presenV that
.te,l tlie power of or.lering slaughter to these thrw gentlemen whom I'have
I >nor<> n.<.ently. as I mention later on, one other vctcrlnarv officer wa.^ ap-

n .»■/

• UT 1m. .

.-,., far ..-

74 VETEIilSARY niRECTOIi GKSERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

pointed, so tlKit llu-ro urc to-Ji.y only four of our iuM'cctors ulw) luive aalh.i ,
to dciil with tlie disc-ii^e in *o far as ordering slaught, r is oikvi-uyI.

].:,>■!,,« the .suuiHur a nunibur of oulbrcaks u, «■ dealt with Ly these b-ntki: ,,
ill various partes of Southern AlbeTta.

In SeptendxT, 1 again vi=ited tho (luarantinc station, and alt
iiuiui 1- of aninial.s tiurv-, doeidi'd io .-lauRhter all but a very few, \vl
been ivlaimd uml, r .,|.-<rvalH.n for upu^^nLs of twelve luonth.s api"

could judjre, til I'c M"il«-' hfal'hy. ,i ; i i,

Vl this time, alsu. ia additiun to the (.llleors alrc^ady mentioned. 1 autli..iiA I I'
C.allivan. of l.ethl.ridf:.-, t,. .rder the .slaughter of atVected anunal-S and I., dea :. ■
erally with any outbreaks <.f the di.sea.<e whi.'h might be reiiorUnl to hun Ai l>i
same time, in eon.Mderat ion ef the faet tiiat, a, slated above, th.. knowledge o, :, ,
ai,,..,... ,„,.-, --ed bv the vteriuary i.r..f<'--ioii, wen among tho.s(. wht) liave lia.l ::.. -
.Nperie.RV with it'is v.Ty far fn.m enmplete, 1, ^^ith tho approval of the mmi-. .
a-ran-ed f(U- the utiii/.aiien of the , \i.~tiiig ,|ii,i.;nniuc station at Lethbri<lp> !■.■■ .-
p^riniental work. A house and stab:., were er, •■.. 1 in elose proximity to l/.e e.;:. ,
i.nd within the feue.cl cneln.-uiv of l.siHi anvs whi.-h had b.tMi provided the pn ;
year and l»r. lladweii, our inspertor at .Wl.ou. !!.('., a g.-ntleman who has^,^,
considerable attention t,) path(dot;i,-al n ..eaivh, was plae, d m eliar-e, a uuui. . r ■
ccndeL-iUcd animals being left at his dispe.-al.

So far the inforaiatiou at present in po^.<e^sinu ,,f the department wouhl la !.,a

that tlie diMa.-^e i. eouliurd to Southern A'.berta. wh.Te it uiilortimately .-,.^ .- i

Several <litTere!.t l.M-alities. Of th.! various outbreaks discovered, some are tr.;..:i.

with..ui iiiM. li dilH.ultv to animaLs infen-ted while running on the range near I., t:

hrid-e wh. r,. the dis.'ase. as already state,!, was tirst reeegnizi'd in Canada.^ ^ I:

aetual'starlirg iMjint of the iiifeetieii in this ease never has ben^ii diseoveretl. a.li; -11:

llare can be no rea-onab'e doubt that it originated anamg aniinaLs inipnrte.l [:■ :

s,,nu of the iiifeet.d di-n-i.^ts i„ th.- norilnv.-t. rn I'nit.'d States. Of th<- dli. i ■ :

breaks, oiu^ is tra.-.able to Imr^. s br..ug!it from Utah, another to an impor,;;'.

from Oregon, while in the third eas.' a strong suspicion attaches to a baud oi i;-...v

pur.-ha.-.d in M.-utaua. It is only fiir ti say that the United States authori! . -. .

well as those ,,f the individual states, have reporte.l aft« investigation, tlur li^-

liaveUvn unable to tiud the .lis.aso in any of the distriet-s where the su.sp..!. : a:.

mals ori<-inatrd. The evid.'iiee in our p<is3resiou, however, has an entirely (•!/-:

b, ■!rii"'..n the ra-e, and when one remembers the remarkably insidious natun - :.

di^^a-e and the faet whi.-h is undeniable, that it has exist.nl to a greater or !. - .

tent on the open range is s.-veral of the western stafes for an indefiniti^ p. v 1 •:

reasniiablo inf.-r.iKv i- that tb.e pr.-s4nee of mala.lie due (sVit in AllxTta is ,hu

feete-l mares or st.alli-iis imi)orti-d by persons, k-i us hope, iu'uorant of th.^ i- -r:

eOMurge whieli lla v were introdueing anauig Camulian horse hnx-ders.

■\s alr.-ady indi.-at.d. it is almost impossiidc for even an exp<>rieneed ai. 1 -.; '
v.lerinarian to diairuo.-o maladie du <-oVt with any i-ertaiiity during its earli. i- -• '
,nnd when in a.lditi-.n it i< vem.-mN-r.-d 'hat individual eas.s, e.spwially mares, -, ■ r
iiifeeted for vea'>. whih- sh-wiiig T>ra<lioally no visible evid.'uee of .lis<>ase, it i^ '
.surprisin" that am-.m.' the many th-nisands of horses brought aero.ss the line - - -
nish of s.atl,.,„..nt b.-gan. then^ sbo-abl have been some hearing the germs of 1 i- i .r

some malady. ,. i i *i ,• ■ , ■

'Ihe ditla-ultv of .llaizie-!. i, mark.d up..ii and n^grelh^l 1-y those i.o;- r_
maladi- du e,,it in ov<-ry .-.Mintry v.lier.' its iin-.-.-ne,- has K-en not<>.l. is n.-c-eiiM v,!
America by 1w.. peenliar and s.-> far un.-xidalned eireumsfanees. One of tla ■• > '
fart tliat the Trypanosoma Koug.ti, or as it iss..m.-tiiiHs cnlk>d, Uquiperdum. v la 1.:.

V«ven det<-eu-.i lo Ml- r.;r,r„i and i;!nvr U^^-\^ ■•■. ..o- -- -! - - --• -''■■■_ ■

lat.terlv thouirh with le.s.s regularity, in Kur..iK\ has never, so far as 1 am aw, - , I-
K'co.'ul/.rd on this continent. The constancy of this organ|sm,_ ea-ily d.au ■-••r,;
hv T;n-ard. in India, and hy P.nffard and Schneider, in .Mgeria, in both • f «a:
cou'i'trir-s tlie disease is thought to b(^ and iirohably is. indigenou'!. was tintil 1 -t y

ro.\st:iiVATio\ OF the health of domestic axihals

APPENDIX No. 2

75

,in,> ,,,,.,1 hy ],:,Uu^ .,n..s(i^.,t„r9 in Euror>c. nol..l,ly by Marck, Kern and Ilutvra
m !un, r,v. J..rly ,,. ,..,:, ,,„.vcvr.r. lU.flanl an.l S,.|,n..i,lor were able to le.no ,t n o
,K ,n.M.,,. . „. lT..n..|, ,.a.s..,„I ab.ut the san.o ti.nc it was also re..,.,.„ize,I bv M .rek
t i,™!;;::"""^ "'"-'^ '" ^'"-'' ""•> f-'-'-l-. -1... ha.l previously i:,.S.ti

Th:. ..th...- p,.„!i,„-,,y nlsem,! i„ (hi. ,.„„„try is the a,,,,Mrvnt miMne^s of tha

.;;"-—> .., M,a„yv:,s,.. ,„ .v.ia „n,i i„ Afriea. mala.iie ,lue .-oi,, or Dourin, si,

. r. p nen, ly ..■■■■m,.! ..,.,„s tro,,, „li .eeonn.s. ,o run a .lefinite eourse, t o sv,;;i „ ■

thr,.„d,o„M.em,^ hurly well „KM.ke,l an,l ,l,e tomunatioa ain.o.t invariail f a

wiiliin II [lerujcl r,t three years at nio.-,t '"NanaDij t.ilal

1,. Amerie,. on the other han,|, the i„f.etion is fre„,„.ntiy nn.,.h h.s virulont
r un> e.,se, e.,,e..,ally ,„ „,ares, Lem^ so liuhtly n.ar!<,..l ns to attraet little .o

atv„ non. .h.io son.e apparently te.al towards reeov,.ry. Whether ,„ „ot s h '.

Whn .n eoMsnlerinf. these faets we retnen-ber that the app.reu.lv spe..ific trvpa-i-

r";j ;::r,,p ;^-^;;Si^ ,1!;;- ,l';rs::;;;;r:;r ,*;;:,; ;-: t 's
;r::;:jt:f?-^ ;;:;:n:ri^™S-:l-;;;;;;,;j:i--;-.ri9

>n y pn.ve to be aetually b-ss .lestruetiv,. than we at pres..nt fear.

I t.v exi>eriinent.s alrojuly referri.l tri are l.eiii.- eoii<ln.-io,t ;„ <1, I e t. ■ ■

. ,,, ;Vr:SL^: ;r:et;i;::;;,';;l;t ■^::;;:;;;:;::! S;r',s,l:-„M;ij:-

vi 1 !- systen.at.cally --amed on. and th.- various results earefullv n^ted It T- n ''
-■ ........... to retnove the ovaries fro„, several of the experin,ental n L ^. • ;:

b ., ,.uud t at stalhons eastratod in the early stages oecasion.lly reeov<.r an leo , ^
. :1 work borsos Whether or not sinnlar benetieial res.dts will follow the cor ^
I- ■■'uu-^ ...K^'-ation m the lenialc remains to be seen.

In .,Miti„n to these praetical experin.ents. Dr. IliK^ins here, and Dr ir.duvn
.. ..t! .r„U.. arc en^a.e,I ,n a elose study of the patholo^ieal eottditioj.p t

. .- tl •■ .]■-. a.M.il aninu'.ls. ' '

In^.nler to .nve the f\.nn, r an opportnnity of workinjr to advantafre. I hnt f,!!
. . ■ -.. ... he l„o oK.ed laboratory three infeeted n.ares. of these one snc^umbo to

■■ - - I)j;....n,l..r b,, the other., although they were an.on^ those exan hu.l ^

W ._; need d,..a>e.l by Dr. ),m>on two years a^o. are still alive, one being a ,an. v

^ ■ '■.""' '"■'■'''■ ^Mwufzh the other is evidently hreakinir .lown " larently

' -!""■. all that I have said it woukl, i„ view of the hi.story'of this seour„. in

..' ..•......■,,. ,en.;wtse to relax ,n the slightest d..ree our effoHs to effect .^ a. -

;.. . ;;••;;••'"> ^>^ >t .s at present, so lar as known, eonfined to a con.parativelv

Ti. t.-k. h,.wever. is a d.Iieato and dilKenlt one owlnj: to the nueertaintv attoud-
. . ...u,.-. an,, U,e lo.se eond.t.ons whieh characterise breeding operatiot^s 2 I^m

^^■"•""''" '"•" ' '"'S SIALGHTKRKD AND WMI.FNSATIO.V PAID.

^- '^■MZ'hle''r.;"Jf ;''.r'"'""'''"" ^'^ '"""^ ^'^'■■^'■'--d. while nndonb..
■ ...r.,hK. „ a nuro trtlle m comparison with the appalin« losses unstained

II

76 VETERINARY DIRECTOR OENERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

in countries where maladie du coit Laa boon permitted to spread unchecked. The fol-
lowing are the figures: —

Killed. Value. CompcDsation.

Ilt04-(i5 292 ^24.045 $16,029 9 4

]1.0:,-0t! 120 10,-JlO CSOt! 4S

Tot 111 41 J i?:!I.L'.V. .^Jl'.s.K! L'-2

lumsKs sr.McnTKitKi) in tiii: vi:Mi iu'M novkmmkh 1. lltol — ormui-u :51, 1005.

Oiilbnakii. Slausl'liTi-il. Susin'ctcd.

t>eveii 1*1 rsdii.s ' J^ 1'

.MacUo,! 1 1 -

lli^h Uivir ■' -T l

Spriiig Point - 2 <!

Liltl.' PliiiiK' 1" •"''! "'•'

M.di.'in. 11. t :n r.i '.»2

(ili.Vn 1 1 -

Iniiic ' 1 "

Cul.Ti.li;.' 1 1 -

W,H,'clu'-t.T •'• ~ ■*

Kngle Ihiltc t 1 ';

I,(>!lil)riiigo -l 1 ''•

C.ir.l-lon 1 ■"•1 2

(jiKir:iiitin ■ grimiiils, J,(.th!>ri(l;,'e .... — H"''

72 292 2' IT

ii(ii>r> <;i.\r(;iiTKiii:i) i\ Tin: veau .NnvF.-inrn I, lOOr. — M.uicu "1. liiOC.

Oulbro.iUs. SlauKliU-i-.il. rtn.'spu. 1. il.

Lliilo riuine 2 7

.'^CV n llT.-ioILS

Canl-ton '■'• ' '^

Jlclioiiip Hat •'"' 1"^ -

TavVirvillc 1 l'- ^

lii-aiitnii 1 -

],, ihl.i-i^l.:.- '■'' ' 1"'

i;n~!i !.,i'- 1 ^

Xanti>ii 1 1 ~"

,■.,1,,.,,- 1 1 —

\\::r\rn,\.'. 2 2 J

Si'.iliu,-' "' ^ "■'

Spriii- i'oint 1 1 •"'

Millars iilc 1 ^l —

Ilifrh Kiwr " "•"' "

Willow Cvck 1 **' -;;

Tal.or 1 2 .'!

Ivayiuoiul 1- 1

Pi<f».Tn ('rc<l-; ' ^

Ok.itoks — — 0

HaKrath Z Z 'I

Lin liain

Totak 33 120 112

CoySERYATIOX OF TBS BBALTB OF DOilEaTlC ANIMALS 77

APPENDIX No. 2

By Mr. Lewis:

Q. Are those aU in tho Northwest !
A. All ill Alberta now.

By "Mr. Dcrhi/nliln' :
Q. Whiit arc the ^VlnI)ll)nls ?
.v,.„;';„Is lur"V"''l1'r'l '* ^"!'^''" "";'• I -^'^ -t think w. n.cd go into the

J!i/ Mr. Is III in :
(J. Ts ih,. couiiH.nsation paid for this disease the same ns for plunders ?
<,•. And art' thi icg-nlations the same ?

A. V.S, the same in effect. As I mentioned, they arc even more .trlngent \ms-
i;. :i us thr slatiKiit.'rinj,' powe- is restrietcd. -iiH.t,Liu inaa

til. ;■■

n>/ Mr. Wrifiht (J/i(.s7.-,;/,a);
'. l)<«'s the diseas>> se^'m to bo spreadiug ?

. 1 do not think it is sp^.adin^^ hot the diffienlty is to .leteet its pro^.-uee In a
. ^.ttle.l ..onn ry where horses are kept in stables or in fields and L u Ter el so
mnn. ,.,H.,.,alIy d„r,„^. , „• bn^vlin;, sexs,.n. the di,^.use i. eon.imrativ ,• n

.yn.se us ex,st..nee ean be easily detected. But. of course, „ tie , ^.e th o
■lli..n, runn.n^^ at Iarf:e. We have <lonc our best to ston tl e.t 1, ,1 I

:" r -:;,f "'■'-/;■" - '--o i„ that co;,:;ft.d'u'is';^:' .;" :s

V ■ ':, "' .'■''•^'' ^^ I"<1'^'" I"»'U'S it is hard to ..dueate an Indin, u,. to t
>:>lHn,. he w.Il e.ther castrate his eolt or keep the stallion under .Jr] ' „ t , v
.-M us ,. ,.,od d..al of trouble. As you ,.an ..^silv „n,lerst.and. a s, d li " v Ih

. . n,fee,,.d „u.n> .,„ ,1,.. ran^e 1 „m. hin.self .n inf,..-.!... .vn ^ [

> '• -o-se ofa f..w we,.ks. perha.s fifty to a hundn.! other n.nres. ,1. , , i, v
!. aI.._b.vouu. ,nf,...t,ve..entres. and „tber stalli,.„s uhieh are in ,h,. neidb, ,^
;^;.u.. „. ee...d ,n that way. I, is lik. an en.lless eham. and it is exe^ ,X
^ f;>r us to «^,ve any defnnte sta,.s„.s ns to its exis,,.,,... We an. d.in.^ ou 2
- '\ np. and we l,:uv a number or ranjre rid.Ts out for ,h;,t p„r,.,.J Z< Z.
'"■^"'^"•'^■'■' ""■' "-.-nof ,h,.l,n,.,!,.r-.o.s,re., r.u rL^!^ .■ .'^lUo.

■■ H.KUON -Th,. diffieulty of that dis,nse i. that i, ,..,,.„ds ovor a ..v,, .„■,.■,

i'v. In the ea>e of the point, enu,uoral..l I. • ,h.. dootor ,li Ma:,,:s .„v no

■ -niost ot you, but tiu.y eovor an ana ,n ; .rlu.ps mm) s,p,a,v nnios Tl.ore
;.< m very lar^e lu-rds. porhaps a tlu.nsand bead in a herd, and there to n

■I I'Md of horses runn.n.^ at lar... over an area of ..ountry of porbap^ 20

-I.-. As thr doHor has .Iso sa>d. thore ;.re ihe^e youn? stallion>. ,,• ..p win
runmn,, at lar^o on the ranps. It is not always possiblo to d,-,,.,, [^^^ " ^
■• i< tbey.ar-oidsandthetwo-year-o!.ls,apdth,...for,. i, I. diii: ,,'t to •■ ,P w „
-e n th.at_ county the horses will run at lar.^e. and it is inuM^.ible to' keep
M.r observat.on That ,s the ea.se both in sumn.er and wiu.'r. and you en

I flunk the steps taken by the department are the ...ost off,.,.*;,-,. .1,..* ^J.^,,
n> i i.ope tbfT will be followed out in the strictest way possible. b^Cause'these
. e a,,., ,ta hon are be.n,^ .^atbered up o,> those ranp. .,,d sold. TerS
!. le vounp stalhons between two and thr ,- years ol.l taken otf the range S

A" .1 to ether parts of the Dominion; and the same with mares. You can Uslly

,i : I

78 VETERINARY DIRECTOR QESERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

Bee it is very hnnl even for a vctoriimry inspector to .ktect the .liseas.' when ih, ,■
innrc.s ur<. Kiiif,' ^liippcl out. That will givu you uii id.a of tho Jifliculty thore is ai
treulinx the Ji^oa^e.

]l;i Mr. Grnnwny :

Q. I wcMild like to ask th- <1. .,■!,. r if a more riui.l iiis|rcetion at the boundary lii-
than has Intiiertu Ik.m a.lnpK.l is ue.v.-^aryi '1 lie nport which he haa just gn.n
(the e.uMinitt.^e in.licate-;. a^ far as can ho learned, tliat tlu' Ji.s-'a.se has Wn imp,.!--!
l)v Ih, lirin^'i.iR in of lu.rMS from tho adjoining states. I have had gome e.xpcnonc. m
tfii.-^ piirtieular matt. r. We had a Koed .l.-.al ef .lillieuity in the proviueial Departii,. • ;
of .Agriculture at WiunipeK in oonneetion with it, and we have almost imarialily U.v.
all. t(. trace the ori^'in of the didea.se in a particular locality to the importatiei, .f
.Miiiitaiui horsi'.'^. It i> mii.-.t. impc^rtant that means should In- adopted to ha\e a ih '.<■
Ti'/ul inspection at points where the.se animals arc hroutzht in.

A. In answer to Mr. (Jreenway. 1 would say tliat we discussed this nuUtcr to so.;,-
ext4nt on Friday, in relation to glanders, nn.l that the rttitrictions have lie<n niuep.l.l
aial nuide niueli more stringent during th.; last two years. Speaking, however, as m
olHeial of the Department of Agriculture, and as the official held responsible to a Ini-u
extent for the introciuction and spread of disease, 1 am prepared to go very much far-
ther than we go at the pres«iiC time, and I might perhaps drop the hint that a h:::.'
salutary endorsation by this committee would not be out of place in that dircctiuu.

m

\.-'^

1: Vr-

■ arL'

lUj Mr. Tilfa- :

Q. Do you not ihink it would be absolutely necessary in order to prevent
undesirablestallions and horses from coming into Canada to h.ave a wire fern
the international botmdary liui' as well as the rcstricti.ms that you seem to in. I
are neei'ssary in order to keep the animals out ?

A. I would say in re ference to that, that ever since I took ofEco I have be.'
porting on the necessity of a f(nice along the international boundarj-, not only i:
c.T-se of stalli.>ns, but in the case of mangj' cattle, mang>- horses, glanderedhors. :
other diseasi-d animals, in order to have a perfect clieck on the importation, m
enable us t.) say without any doubt or without any fear of contradiction, that \\
inspecting ever'v aninuil broiight in. It is indispensable that some provision other
exists ;.t the present time shoul.l be made for tho better demarc.ition and guar.hi ,
the liouiiilary line.

Bij Mr. Uoss (Yah:-Cnrihoo) :

Q. 'i'lLT,- has been some fence.s built there. Can you tell us if there is a;.;
ran-cin.nt with the United States for putting up fences on the boundary at the j
exp.u^e of both ountries. in other words, international fencing ?

A. So far as I am aware, there has been no international fencing at all. A
the Fla't U.a.l Keserve in Mottana there is a fence put up by the Indian Depar';
of the Tnited States with whidi this government has nothing to do.

i). I remember that last ses.sion tlien^ was an alleged scandal in conncctioi
some wire fencing ?

A. I do 11.. I know anything aliout <.'andals, I am siyjaking about fences.

Ihi ]h-. Sitroulr :

Q. I would like to ask w-hat the nature o*" this disease is, wheth. r it is i';relv
venereal, and if so. as to how far it will affect the reproduction <.f th<' siieci. ~. .Mri
whether it will run itself out as many of these venereal diseases do. They all ^=. .m tc
run out in time i

nr-
iit

l-iiK
a.'Ilt

witJi

ro.\*/,A't .4//U.V 01' THE UEAi.Tii vF i)o.ui:.sT/c AMUArs n

APPENDIX No. 2

A. This ,l|..;,s,. l„.l„„^,s ,„ that ,„.,.„liar ,].is. ^vlu^l■ I. ,hw tu the pro.noo in tho
b'„.., ol a 1 rvpans,,,,,,,. t ,..l„„g.s ,„ ,h,. .„„„ d:,..s „s surra, nngann, iho sleep '
M,k,„.. uAlrwa th,. „..k fev.-r of T.Nas, „n,l ,n:,I:,ria i,. hmnan hei, «.. „n.I. , i
ha ,. ..,.l..a „ur...l ., ...spla.n, tho in.erc.tiuK ,„.,.Mi„n is a. t,, wh-.h,.", "til,
P.n. W. ,h..:r vitah-y to a c-rtain extent in a e.,u,„ry sueh a. Cana.la vhere th '
.!i-'a-r IS i.,.t indi-eih.iis, for t i.s really a tn in.-il .'-,■,- .,, I , .■ l ■

l'-i.He,.llet.an,lovcrM)u,:;:..Ke f„H,er..s (hat 'nv^.m v | I .;" '",T ""T^"

/^// .?/r. niaiii :
'.>. Has it been wrious in tluj United Stales ?

w.:;;;.ri:i.;n;/ir.''rti;:rr;^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

V. ;.; . .1 Wso n.nun„e.l infective, and other horses and .nan.' 1 , i ' L „■ '

_ ■ ' ■■' ." in.als had ,een shipped out of the district, with the iv,„I' ,hat outl.real •
'"- '.'1-n Pl:-e fron, tunc to time in different state, of tlie ,n,i,.„ \s !.,';:
.n . .,,..,nnu„es thiekly settled. ^^I.ere hor.es are kept under ohserv ,i,:„ he le ^

■ ■ .. "^^^ ■ 1^ 1'='- l-en attended w;th ^-reat ditJieuhy. In furihev a„~uer 'o Dr
!■• 1 -Md. say tha ulu e tho only natural manner know t„ .,.;,.,.ti.U 1,- vl, e h

; ;! ■■"' '"' ^'"-"^'J 'H through coition, it .an, of eo,:r... !.■ art, ..iai v

iron, one an.mal to tl.e other. Dr. J.inp.rd. who wa> f„r nj, ! ve V -

' ";; "" t" tlu. ( ,vd (.ovenuuent of India, and who is n,.w in .l.a'v.V „n l,,! f

...1.U, .,,ver„n,ent. of all res.avh work in that ^reat eountry. sn.tT.s' Z til

■"■■T yi lis tran>inission l.y llie.s. That. „f ..our-e we <• ,n 1„ 1; ,■ ; . i i

;.l a fly wvro to .od.rec._ly from an infected or.an ;:,! :,:;;; ^ ^fS .j

-^a„. do n.>t think there is vco' .uueh danger . f that, hecau.e 'h,'; ! „■ ^:'

n.. neonl of lie d.>ea.se having occurred naturally i,, f„.!din^s which i-

-.d.uee that It IS transmitted in a natural way only by copulation.

Spn

very

/'.v Dr. ilnrj, nnan :

Q. Is the disease to he classe,! a. syphilis in the human being, or Konorrhira i

'•i. There is no known ease in Ontario, doctor ?
A. Xii.

J^y Mr. l.lcin ;

to^'' ';.",",■'■;■ T '■',r"''^"'^'» '" ^^'"•'^'^ ^'"t"-^^™ the different provinces with respect
to ^.,^!..,.,, and other di.seases such as you have m.ntioncd '

-\. I'o yeu mean as respc-ts the movement of horses from one province to .„,otl.nr?
(.'. A larmer from ( ntano may go up and pureh.a.=c horses suffering from ghn 1 r

A. \\V cannot, under the Animal Co/ifagious Diseases Act ms- ^„tr, l f
-•.:.. lie moven^ont of- animals from one province to an^^l^^:. e ^ :S:^^:Z^Z
;; '.^ ■ ;;;;.-mtined. J he niuiistcr could declare, under the ActI a wh^;;^!:^

t^^ ^'' t:z:-:i^!:^t' """" '" '" ""' "■'"'"'"" '" '•■'■■■'^ ^"^^ "-^ -!ti' -poet

an,! ■ ■ '",';>':,':'' ;,'"',;." ^if'':;-, ^ "''"'^ ■"" r" "■"""''"■■• "■" '""'-1 =>* the map,

% til

P'';'-;.

,nl I

80 YETfjRlSARY DIRECTOR aF\KP.AL

e EDWARD VII.. A. 1906
ou tlu. wholo ,li>triot. prevent onr f-llow citizens in AlberU ;rom .cUing thoir hoallhy
^"'"Z Wu.l.l it nut \.'. ,K>s.il,l. U, Imvo .ou.o sort of inspection between tl.o two pr„-

''"T'w.. ,l„ .lu.t „.,w in ^.f-nn,.. U, n^ango. We have an order ';;'W o>v..in« pr .,
ti,.,llv th.. -u.M- .'nM,..,l ns tins, wlKP.'l>y \wr>^s nu.vinK from quite a larKO area Mi.

:;; i;: ,; L;::;.:^ l L, ^- ..r n,a,.«o bef.., U^y are ailowo.l to be n>ove.l

tJ Wliv iKit hav.. siK-h a rcKulatioii for glamlera < . , i ,

■ Iv .. -nts fro,u tlu .nnutt..>. and 1 will tell you jUHt.wl.y we Lave ,.1

go, .t, ,l;;:v;.;;;n. An .nsp..,ionf..r ,lan.lers without the malle.n ^-t - prac- ;.'

::;::i:r:;niii:'X,w: :; :.vi:K.n..e of l.ein« atfee,o<l with glanders .r -"•'■"-,;;^,,^7. '
.. ed wilh .Lis disras... and it is in.pussible for our .n.spectors to «ay det^n I

h,. .,• .,r n.,. l,o,-.,.s ar. atTeC.d with ghw.ders, or whether or >•"'''■•
i „ V i. tins ,li..MS,. with whi.h we have been . .diuR. 'J he eonsequen.-es would ,
1 . a. ..u.break of gland.TS or of thi. disease. oU,.wng the niovemen. 1

ii::,: ;;:;„ Albe.a .o any otlu. part "^the I.ondnion. n. Jpan.n..nt^ W
.,■ i,s iusp.r,.rs having passed this an.n.al out as sound would be m a n. ry pc.
,H..ition 1 do not quite know what the solutum of the d.ft.'ultj is. .,»„,,

'W The movenar.t of horses is not very great, 1 woul.i supi...se. say. between All. .

^fii'^,-::^,:- :;;.::; v:':ria.K<. ^'tween AlK.r,a and Manitoba to the pn.vin. i

'""'.'\."l. is not very large, but unfortunately there arc a number coming down !!

till' tiuii'. , . T 1 1 il ■ I 5

(.). Tiiat is a d;Hi','erous part of it, I would think «

O );"„„„,- ,„ l,e that some regulation might be ndopte.1 wherby t^-- "- ''J
.„ ., .;, ,.1,.,.. ,„-,-<■. ion of animals e,„ning eastward from those parts of th. -t
hi h . .V.,.„..l .s.,v with glanders, ought to be e.iforeed by the J^;-;"'"'- ;
\ „„:-. a.^nv with ,vnu, and the matt.T is one whieh has held the at.,,,. • f
,' i , ,, '■■ n. lor -1 ...nsid.Tal.le time. i he qu,^.i..n .s wlx'ther it would U- p..-. ,.
:; ,; :,! 'u i 1 hwp,...ti..u etT..etive without applying the malle.n te.t in .he e.- •
%":\l!u!Uir\J. l,..idiug the animals sutli.i.ntly bmg to make a very ,1^. .,
; , . ,i;,.ii "I 'h.' iM-'' " inula lie du <-"i'.

' ~' O l' ve n ^.. m .l.e <:<r of glanders it would be in th. inlen..st of .ho eouu.n ,.
t,.,. ht'-"~ho;,M 1 .. bold 1.. ^•a-.e the eompon.a.ion i.,-,. w .....ing .,. 1 e an en..v

'"" V n'li'ou'uo"'"! ■.'.!... wo are faee to faoo with .ho .lilll.'uhy whieh 1 m- „;
rn F idp- H.d to ■whioU 1 .gait, alhided this n.oniing. vi... thai we are br.n-:
' . ;,; ' ■■ tu,o ,h:,. wo^tern eountry evory year fron. twenty totliir y . h^. '

,,,:. ,vhi..!: .' i~ olainied are aetually and absolufly required by tl. ■.

t;l Xo. uv o,n,no, iu„, restrietions on the Alberta horse bn-eders. an

,;, ..„ „„.,M iv fair for ,ts to do so. whieh we wonld not at the same ,;: 1.
^^p": r.o in.p''-' ... hor-o- brought in from the Tnited States abmg .he ,f :>n-

^'""^;V"ui';i''u ''':'m, to b:. roa-onable, but it -loo, app..ar to mo that the dep:.. ;i.t

1 )■ ". e , u o i.rovid,. for some eloser and luoro rig.d inspe-'tion of horsos , m .

,h.,nld '■ " '"•'^'" , ; : ' ,i,t, ,vhero the dis.-ase is spreading. 1 do not say it M

o-istw.ird trom ibo.e .li-tri. t, vv nc r , ^ ^ ^^^ ,^^^ ,,,,,,^.,,rd from the west nl ■. I

l;ouM 'bin" !r::.;n:'Snn:;:vU:,n e^fore^d ^^ to horses going from ..■ ..no

^' "T Tt'l'-i v.rv large .pu-stion and a very difficult one. For instanee.Ja-: fJ,
and 1 jt.st .P.ote this as an instance, when glanders made it« appearance in \ an. .ivor,

I .It

^•o.v^^;«^. t,os of th„ hkaltb of domestic asimal, ' „

APPENDIX No. 2

lio iKople of Victoria demanrled inatantlv that « n„n,..r i i., •

II: • lorn.or city and the mainland and with,, " '!""'"";"«' «»|0"'J ^ "np.,s.d against

ue proUct.Hl the island of Vanco i^-r „ 7 ""JH..S.M uKa.nst VancoincT Islaa.l. [f

■ 'M w..uld .ay. • V'ou u us Z 'l ..r'r "'^■"',""'"■"^ «vcry uIIkt country i„ the

■ : ;:./Ji:n:i^ nr-::!;„;:^S;.. ;:; z:th ^-r -^ -- -^

" . ■ la.^t yenr< J think it is very sllll ' ■'"' '" ""-' ''^''^•'"•■^- "^ <'"■

. ;^''^'i...r-«l„;,,htoid.whii^t'n^O '^:''^; ,^^7^^^^ ^».^f.M; On-

I ■^:..i.': British (Vf^^n iarn, i:^S,/:r ''"r /^'^'"'•""•^ "' » -^» "f
u .niKMsation. ^ "' ^'■"'' '"'"'-•=' J^'^foyod and *J54.4:i0.5(l

/O/ .I/;-. A'os.? (Yah-Carihoo):
'.'. Tl-s- li.'ur,^ nro in,.l„dod in yonr cvidonco. arc thoy not?

' ' ''" ' """•' •"'•'■' - ^•"'l'>-^. I'-t r think they Should l.o included.

/'" />/■. Mdchnnan:

•: An. ihere any horx^a !oft in the country?
I ' ^ a l.irtrc number.

/•'.'/ Mr. fllain:
\Iv |,.,;i,t was that of course the dis-a'se ox;«(« to o„ „1 •

loumj in tiio cast?

':>'^> a, .•o,„,,:,re.d j.-,th Ontario and oth,>r provineas
-^ la.-,:.- nuiMJMT n{ liorsc3 to he found in the east?

;,ll'i

tu,.

Cr,I.\lcM, RVMITOMS.

/'" .I//-. /.Ill-is:

\:v th.ry any niorc flpurcs there that should be in?

I tiM.k ,t w.mid bo a Kood idea to inehuio all th.-se fisrure. 7;'rnm ^- ,

•■' Marcli :; , liHXi thoro uern " l-.- l i , "J-iirts. from Aoveuibr

.*'.-;( Tl(. -„; f u mV 7 n " ' "''' >*'"">^'''f"f<l and the con.pensati.,n

•Ml were des tnn, )■ V ^'^9' horses tested, of which number X\V)

_ I « e .l.stnned. .Now, remen.ber that out of the S.W? not one horse vh

: ';-;vas a suspn.,on of his bein^ infeete.l. Not a Jr^ Z^ l^

;.- h. c„h„r showed suspK.ious r-ymptoms or had been in centaet witl a

:d'::.::;::tx.:;!-!;srr?:\r'- f - -- ^■^'•' Worses u:;:i[:;t^
;acarcfuiandcon;;i;i;:s:^^t,^'^;;r^^^^^

■■ 1.0 nu,uU3« wore such clear and well marked ca.i of ^lan.i:;! fhat it wt

s

■*; i

82

yi:Tt:RrsiiiY innt'ntK aisrRM

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

tluv vill riVAi "r ii-t.

iNM'i:i IMS or nn'oRiti; iinK^r.H.

A. \V. . ,

Q, Is It a .'l-H' lli-l'<'ti""' , „.,,^,,,,. ,l„„. v<TV srricu'^l.v lli<> ; •' i"

/;;, Mr. ll'^K I y;h-r"ri',»o^:

• 1 r „ t,.,t tn 111.- viTV lav;;"' iimubtT of wiM li.>r-'

th> y ^

W'l :!

1 NlTuni.-- -• f--'' ";'^' ^'"^ -'^^ '"'^'■^""^ "'"' '^'"'"-

q". You i-:.I:l.'.t ."itrll t';. "i '■

A. N-.

}l,i Mr. L' V is:
Q. Arr tluv <'( no UM?
A. X"!i'- "''■'' ^'"'■

/;„ .1/r. /.'—■ lY'i'' ''■■rl'"-,'^}:
Q. Th.y arr ri.li'ltv nn.lni'lvinf-'. t'"'?,

A. V, -

/,'// Mr. I. iris:
{). Whv arc tla'V not of mm.-, u^c :
\ TMvau-^.' the y aro nHnal xvil.l horscg.

*;• ','T:!;!;,'::\W .!^.''n?ir a generation or two. but they aro hor.. th.t ha.

(•o.\>7;«M/;o.v OF tjje uisliu uf domksth: amusls

83

APPENDIX No. 2

III/ Mr. Wriuht ( MunkJiUj:
y. I .-iijiii M- ^,,iir ill li.irtiijc ht i» it

C'liiiuLiiik in con

A. U

lJnli>li ('

111, tiin «iUi iliis niutt(,r(

I coinrniiiii<'utiun witli the tkiJiirlni. iit in briliuh

o arc in il..--i
oliunl'ia i.-i ti

li'UcIl w 1

111 III.

Iiroviiuiul ' imrtnii nt. ()

ur fliiif in.^iMi'tor

ililMrtnr nln work li.iMil in I

in ih.- .iinilny „t thr 1. .Mnriiil t'ov.rnni.iit, un.l Uiu tv

\ 111 bt: 111

.1.. t

I.IU'I III Ihl'M' IIKlIli 1-

1 h

H CUIMI' 111 Mill

iM' nu (Imilit wlialrvtT that

liiLii :i jfnul niiiny tluiiH>
al'lc III iltil u itli Ml.

«■ iln i~|.,ii as t.) lliii.-,c huivi
I'. re llif i|ri>aniii(.iil, ami llus i

l.iri' MT.V III

■t iiMi: tliat u

11

It ri; liavu

L' liaMj no

I L,

11,1 Mr. n,

g. What i, ll

ill lirt ull lllrr tl
I ■ rt III ill.

II ^.^-lrl,| ,,|

1 Minnualii n at tlii' inti riiiili

,1 !,.

iii-f arc aii.v i-a.-i-s uf nuilaili,- <1

iii'Iiry liiH', m ori

II fiilt IT

,'iaMii.

ith

A. A- .Mill kii,,«, Ur liavi' at Kiiuisnn, XmimIi I'urtal, Wim„| M,

untam am

1 i.lhi

V niN m Manilil,,, ami iIk .\,,rtliw.-t T.rrilnn. -, ami in l!riti-li ('njimiliia nt (iatu-
".r,, Xr'.-i.n .iml .Mi^iway l.iilt m w n.rral.. in .■aih uf wl.u-ii tli.r.i is u lir.-t-i'l'i-^^ n"-

1 • latr SHUli /.% r.

up-

I

svt i:i.zi;i;.s anip nil TIm; \ai.

Uu Mr. i:

(y„lr-l-

(■). An up-ld-dalc si|iii'i/i r?
A. A
ill

si|m('/i<r.

w

ii'n ,vou po (111

Ull! sec what it H.

w

t «Tst Iiiiik at lliat mill at ^li.lv

Afr. Pv,

I' iil<(i liiivi' clipping val~, ami the ii^tr

iri' to put cviTv imiiviiliial linrsc that is imt ll

iiiliiais t'l iiiir iii.-ii

!• -:|'!irMarliri| ipiiinly. tliriMi;,'li tin

iiirnii^'lily limUcn an

1 wiiiild not like I

1 iliat

(1 hWc.r that it has 1

pii'i/i r. ami cNaiiiinr hini in

■yrry w av,

caiuMt
laiie ijr

(■I'll (li'iic in ( vi rv ( a-

!<!, Mr. hwii:

i). What is the sipioi/rr?

A. It i-i a viry siinplo arranpnii ut which I

L'l

jrh way of putlinK it, hut it will f,'ivc you the iil

illustrate in a in- nicnt. This is

;• 1 ;t HI till To. 'I'licrc arc twc ^jal

'11

la in a measure.

The hi

11.

IS jiut in Ihor'

(1

c, ami iiiic I

r tl

arc IS a pite here, a ^rate then , anil tl

lis IS

111- 1- jii

't hcM

lese ;,Mt( s, cither nIii

rl^'•ht tliiTc Ml th:it he

jrought up against him

Can he csamimil

/I'v -l/r. llrrlnLsli

riii/Kfi ur

g. 11.

A. II

eanni't wiir.^l.'
e ciinnut wiL'L'le.

/'/ .Ur. //».,/,., s- I I '.!■:.[):
g. \Vi ,i|il those wilil h.>rM.s i

if which viui ll

lave niaije nicnti^iii

'iiinatlng disease?

A. If 11 numher of the Iier.l hooanie inf. cted, y. s, iin.!oulit-\llv.

g. It' 1 und- rsto.i.l v(

he tl:

le means of

r n at iaiixe might cause that particular disease

u ari^iht you stated that yntinp stallions bcin^' allowed to

\ \v..i\ .1.

tl) spread i

:ie,l to I.

snc5.5 in ca.stratih:

c a little hi^'h-haml.'d nnder the re^rnlations. Wi

i'j!> Ml- liiid riiniiiiifj mi the ran.ire

.'. Uur inspectors aro
penerally castrate any

•,'. W-uld it he pr.icticahli

le to round up and castrate all these y

oung stallions you

y^ip

1.

/■«

81 VHTERINARY DIRECTOR QEyERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

A. Oh yes, that is .! lus but still there is an odd one liable to slip past now and
then In roparu to mala .■ du coit, the regulations which are now in force are pnnt.3d
at the end of that bull, tin (producing bulletin), and in these regulations provision
is made for t!.- eastrati.-u of iiorsea found running at large.

Bi/ Mr. Christie:

Q. I3 there any way of sloiM'ing thus, vild horces from cominR across!

A. Do you mean the wthttrn liorsesf

Q. Those western horses coniliig from the other side?

\ W.'li tlie trouble is. Mr. Christie, that we have a very large settlement goiu^'
on in 'till. west, and, as 1 said bf fore, from 20.000 to ?,OXm horses are being brou-hl
in <V(rv ^e•^r The si't tiers .•laim it is absolutely necessary that they should have tin'
means ^l' Kettipg .•heap horse. As far as I am coneerne.l I am consistently placu.;,'
evirv iwssiblo obstacle in tlw ir way, with a view to the proservatum of the health of
our ,.wn horses, but this dopartnient, of course, is not the only department of the gov -
eminent- there are others-and outside of my own partieul.r branch I have nothing
to do with the policy of the government.

]hl Mr. Chisholm:

Q. Will you now d.i'l with the subject of the Pictou cattle disease?
A. I woubl like, with the indulgence of the committee, to read a memorandum
on that mattiT.

ricTou c\TTi.E nisRAsr:.

I am glad to be able to report that the results of the investigation into the nature
mid caus. s of rietoii cattle disease, which was l>cgun at Antigonish, in October, 100.!,
anil have been sufficiently definite to warrant me in reccmn-.ending the removal of tbi.s
malady from the list of th.)sn coming under the operation of the Animal Contagion-
Dls.^asis Act. For upwar.ls of twenty years it has been the policy of the departnvi.t
t) or.br the slaughter ..f aff.vtod animals and to pay compeusati.ni for thorn, as also tr.
insist .m the disinf.H-li.ui of the buil.llngs in which they had been kept. During tl •
whole of this time, and in fact f..r many years previous, the more int^'lligent resid.in<
of the distri.'t in which the .Hm :i?e prevails have been of the opinion that it is not onl,
non-contagious, but that its preval.^nco is due to or coir-e-ted in some w.ay with 1h
wee.1 known as S.ne.io .Tacoba^a or Kagwort, locally known as Stinking Willie. Ev,
d.nce (>xistod to show that the disease was unknown until the wee.l in question w,- =
.„.ci.lentally intro.lucHl with ballast brought from Scotlan.l to the town of PirtM.
^one fifty years ago. Once established th" plant spread gradually through the s:i-
roun.ling coiintrv, exfen.ling, how. vcr, owing to the prevailing winds, the seed b.-'ii •
ligh'l aii.l easily carri..l by their agency, to a much further distance eastwar.l lb •■.
westward of its oripin.il starting point. Shortly aft..rwar,la the dis.'a.se made its ;■.
,,o.,ran-.^ and although some ve;irs flar'^.^.l before any suspicion as to the wcmI b,r '
it.' .•■n.so'was aroused, it was at last noted as a peculiar coincidence thiit only the, .ii y •
kept in wcmIv area were iiiTo-f..!. A'- time pass, d it was further observed tbaf i;
mer' pres-nce of the plant in a .listri.-t was not apparently sufUcK^nt to produce •■ ■
afr.otion but that it wa.s only after it had obtaine.l a firm foothold in the pasture^ ; !
meadows' that th.^ .lisense began to m.ake it", appearance.

\boiit the year 1^^2 an attempt at invcptigation was ma.le. and some eMp»-rinp ■;
wer.'mul.rtaken wiih a vi.w I., ft^oortaining wlu-lh.-r or not tlic^e was_ any f^u=>_:!^^': :^
for the popular l>elief as to the connection between the weed and the disea.se which, v
this time hul b.x>n recognized ns a peculiar and almost specific cirrhosis of tlu^ In r.
rnfortunatelv. h..wever. Ibese experiments were unsuccessful in throwing any r^ v
light on the subject, with the result that Pictou cattle disease was declared to he r-,n-

COXSERVATION OF THE BBALTB Of DOMESTIC ANIUALS 8S

APPENDIX No. 2

ia.jioi.8 nnd the policy of slauRl.tor and compensation above reforrcl to brought into
faroo. irom timo to time in after years the subject was invcstiRatc<l bv Dr. William
n.lrr. I r. A,!nm., the late Dr. Wyatt Johnston and other skilled pathologists, but
nvMnably with neprntive results so far at least as coneerned the establishuu.nt of any
(l.fiaite and intellip-nt theory as to its true nature and causes.

\T

ORKJIN OK TiiK I'ltTOl' CATTI.i: DISK \Si:.

DiiriuK the wl.ol,. of this time close observers in the alfocted district were bceom-

■ f.u-.i year wore strouMl.v convinced that ragwort and that alone was responsible.
..ly of these men although receiving little encouragement to do .so, to..|< sl,.,,s ,„
Hlu'ate the plnnt from th.ur farms and to induce their neighbours to <lo likewiv,.
I. Ibe result that their animals remained unaffected, while those kept on wee.lv far,us
.Mi.l and ,l,p.l. II,,-,- conditions were especiidly noticeable when, iu iid<litit,u „,
ping the wee,l ,l. -An .,i the pastures, care was taken to remove it from the hav fed
:ng th,. wiii'cr. i w;is „lso obser.<Hl that in years when scarcity of hnv li, r, s-

;.,l wint,.ruig cattle on straw, animals so treated seemed to be immune " In tli,>

.. ,i o„r re..,.„t e.x|.er,ments it seems almost incredible that these and similar facts

n„t s<„.ner force a full recognition of the true situation, which woul.l have un-

I'Killy heeu the means of inaugurating a campaign of examination against the

i Mt a time when such a task would have been much less difficult than now

1 -r..ome years Dr. Gilruth, Chief Veterinarian and ISacteriologist to tl»- govern-

■1 .\.w /eahnd, ,iev„t.'d c.nsiderable attenti.m t,) a peciiliMr li,.pMli,. cirrli.,-:.

wn ni that ...lony as Winton disease, and from which, up to I'.iOl, an,l these in one

■'' ,""'''■;. ''°"':' !""' "PI>eared to suffer to a greater extent than either cattle or

,'"■ , ■// n "'|'."»I'''J, «°""5 experiments and finally reached the .•oncliisioi,,

■■■ It (l„ubt well .lustifi.vl, that the trouble was entirely due to th,, iuffeslion of ra-

■ . Ills experiments while convincing, were not. owing to apparontlv iinavoi,laMe

. ■-lances, <.ou.'lii«ive. although strengthene.l by corroborative .'vid,.,.-,- from Cape

M.v, uli..re a like disease has been traced by Mr. W. II. Chase. gov<-riun,nt v,t, r-

1 |M. t,, tlie agency of another plant of the same species. Seneoi,. Bur,'h,1Ii

!■ •>• til" above and other apparent reasons, such as the different ••limatie. eeouoiei,-

I'ti,- c.ui,litions an,l the lack of abs„lute proof of the i,l,.ntitv of Pict.Mi catti,.

with the hepatic cirrhosis of th.. antipodes, his decision could not. with pr,,-

. hav,' been aec.-pted by this department .as the basis for a compl,.te change of

; , v,a, had If been made public before the inaugurati.-n ,if our own experimental

,1 Aiiii;:,,iiish. m 1!)();5.

H- latter has been very interesting and its results are convineinglv c„rrob,.r',tive
vH'Ws of thi se who have consistently held to the ragwort theory
!v last report contained a full account of what had been don,' "ilurin- the voir
• U'^ October :?1. lilOl. tog,.ther with our findings up to that ,late. but iu or,I,T t,.
;i.,' case perfect y clear. I think it best to recapitulate the main points before
■ 'iiig to (leal Willi tile lutei-veiiing period.

I"-"-.
far;

frui

lil:l'AUT.MKNT.\r, KXrraiMI-NT 1\ ANTUIOMSIl.

:; C)cl,.|)er. lt)(l:?, I, with the approval (,f th,. minist,.r. leased, for exiieriiu.nlal

-. a larm oi 200 acr.'s at Cloverville. county of Antigouish, Nova Scotia This

S of course, situa'..,l within the ragwort area, but is riualaT well known as one

i'ti the disease in former years fre.pa.ntlv made its aoivar:,,,,.,, Th.>*--fo..p

". iv p.ir<-lias,.,|. t,.ur of whu'li had been raised on the premises, the remain.ler

- .ur,.,! from districts in whicli tlu.re is no ragwort. Sixteen head, including the

. iv,s, were placl in an old stable on the premises, in which at different times

e had <lied from hepatic cirrhosis. They were fe,l entir,.ly on food imported

ijiiebee. Four were given a liberal allowance of sound hav, with a full grain

BN^H^aSc

■'■<.

\ ■

H TBTBRiyARf DIRECTOR QBKERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

ration, four a liberal allowance of hay, with a smaller grain ration, four a liberal al-
lowance of hay, without grain, and four limited allowance of hny only.

The other eighteen head were placed in an entirely new stable erected at a con-
siderable distance from the oil buildings. Sixteen of these were divided into quartett-s
and fed in exactly the sinne u.iy as above mentioned, exeopt that the hay given to them,
bciiit: secured iu' the neighbourhood, contained a considerable tiuantity of ragwort.

The remaining' two cattle were housed together in a separate compartment of tli.'
new stLiblc, one being fed on chopped rag'vort and fhe other on oat straw, a mumII
ration of bran being given to each.

The progress of the experiments up till October 31, 1004, was described in my r. -
port of that date, but in view of the remarkable results obtained, and of all the eir
cumstances in connection with the case, I have thought it best to make the pre<ri:t
B:a;o.uent complete in itself.

Leaving out details I may state that all of the sixteen cattle kept in the old an.l
supposedly infected stable, and fed on imported hay, which was, of course, free froii
ragwort remained perfectly healthy for the entire period of twenty-three months duri'.ij;
whieh the experiments were in progress, although in the summer of 1905 eiLilr.
died of hepatic cirrhosis in the short space of five months. Several of these aniinaU
1,.. 1 also been placed from time to time In close and continued contact with di.scas( d
animals, with a riew to ascertaining whether or not fhe disease was transmissible in

this way.

During the summer of 1W5, also, ten of these animals were inoculated m vannis
ways, either witli blood or abdominal ascitic fluid taken from an animal affected willi
Pictou cattle disease to such an extent that Dr. Higgins, our pathologist, reported xhr
cirrhi tic lesions of the liver to be more extensive than in any of the others which he ha^l
examined. In spite of these severe tests, the animals continued to thrive, and when 1
last saw them in September, 1905. were in excellent condition, those whiel: had been fed
grain presenting a remarkably fine appearance. Thirteen of the cattle were slaush-
tered between October 10 and November 1 under the careful inspection of Dr. Pethi,k,
as well as several experienced butchers, all organs being found healthy and the fli-h
of superior quality. Specimens from the different organs were also forwarded U> iho
bboralory here, and pronounced by our pathologist to be absolutely free from disci. .
ITie other three animals, being pregnant cows, were allowed to live, and, accordinj.' to
latest reports, are in excellent condition, and in full flow of milk, after having pivrn
birth to healthy calves.

Of the sixteen animals which were kept in the new stable and fed upon local h.-iy
which contaiiud a coii.<id< rable quantity of ragwort, fifteen died of Pictou cattle (^i^^< :i?e
betwien July 19, li'Ot, and August 21, 1005. I may add that to prevent the pos>ibili'\-
of doubt as to the cause of death in these animals specimens from the internal or-: : -
of eadi were forwarded to Dr. Iliggins, who verified the diagnosis in every case. The
sixteenth animal, was slaughtered on October 13, 1905. and although to all exti rnal
appearances healthy, the pathological examination of the organs .showed a slight all. ■•
tioii of the liver, and the presence of several characteristic ulcers on the lining of ;lio
true' stomach.

Of the two other animals mentioned above, one of which was fed on chopp<'.l i'l'-
wort, and the otlnT (jh oat straw each receiving a small allowance of bran, the f. r- '■ r
died of acute hepatic cirrhosis on July 22. 1904. while the latter remained he j' iiv
during the entirr test. and. when slauditired, on October 24, 1905, was found t 1 .^
absolutely free from the slightest appearance , of di.se.i.se.

A calf six months old. born on the pr. mises. was fed twice daily upon n rnixti
one part of ragwort before flowering, and twenty parts of clean hay, reinforced 1 v a
daily ration of two pound;; .-f fn*li ty.d?. This espt-riment. which wrt= nR.lrrtnk- ' '■■•
the purpose of ascertaining if the weed would produce the disease at this stage of its
growth, began on December 1, 1904. The calf died on May 26, 1905, post-mortem ; nl
pathological examinations revealing an advanewl stage of hepatic eirrho.sis. The i-nn-

..f

'it-: i

COSiiERVATIOy OF TUB UEALTU OF DOMESTIC ASJilALS

87

APPENDIX No. 2

laotmul inoculation e.xiK^rimcnts wore absolutely without result, it boin« evidently
prarurally nuiK..s.,ble to traus.nit the disease from one animal to annt!,,;

In view ot the results of th.se practical eN„oriments, which have bee.i carried on
«i h the ^^rea e.t j-ossible care and exactitude, there n.rd, 1 think, be no longer any
^^ to the cau«e ol 1 ictou cattle di..oa,s<.^ and 1 have then^fore. already rccom

tuticT/ n"""'^ "a ""* ^^"" ""■ "^' ^"' "•^'■'•"-"- d-'alt with under the

Animal Contagious Diseases Act.

unJouiltedlvtl;!','-'''; <'xi.cTi,nent3 conducted by Dr. l-ethick show that some benelit

u.id. ul tedl> rcMlt^ esiHcuilly m n,c.!..ent eases, from the strychnine and iron treat-

luut desonbed by Inni n. a previous report, measun. of this kind arc of little real

.1 u.. 1 he. effort, ot the loca authoriti..« and of the stoc-k owners in th<, atfeete.d dis

X tl'J::i r;;:r;:^r:'^'^ '"^ -''-'- -^ ^"^ ^^-^ -'-^^ ^^ -^^^

Owing to the topograpical and other condition.^ existing in the district it will 1h.

ciuu.. m,po..-,iblo to get rid of the we.nl by cultivation, although, on arablf land . ,d,

an o course, be aelnev.xl by this n.eans. There is, however, much rough a nd ar-

lal!^ ^Noo.ed country, „,„st ot which is badly infest.-d with ragwort to eradicUe wotl,

Ly r.ny ordinary methods will be practically impossible. ^radieatc uiueh

It has long b.en notxtd by intelligent re^sident^ that sh«>p seem to be able to fit tl e

..< . with Hnpuiuty, although son.e hold that, after a considerable perixK nfu io ,!

S K 'von T" ' ^'^T'l^'^l ""' '""''-' ^'"^'''' ^^-^ '""tto" is rend<.re.l unn,ai-ket-
able l,j a yellow staming, w nch, after a tin.e, b<x.omes distinctly noticeable.

As to one fact there is. however, no doubt, viz.: that the kw-ping of sheei. on land

inf...ed with ragwort is one of the most certain means of bringing about its compk o

r,.i..atK,n in a short tune. Tins k-ing the case, and in view of aJI the cir..un s ts

1 ^< ..l.d to inaugurate a series of experiments for the purp. , of ascertainin.^ wl h ;

or ,,.,: she.,, could profitably be utilize.] for this purpose. I, the«.fore, e i- iTi li.^

.r,t,.,r,z,.d Dr. Peth.ek to purchase four sk«p, which were kept during the smm.r ''

our acres of very weedy pasture with the result of completely destroying trr;;.^

'•; " ^"™"'*' r.r '" P^°f"*"^"- So f'»^ tliese animals have shown no symptoms of

. ..'..e. Several other she^p were pureha^-d a little later for the purpose of aseer 'l -

e o ,.! : IreT'l '^ ""'• i'" 'T"^ ^^" *" •^"^"^^' '^' ^--^"-^ ''-" to whi ^. e -

I il t ear?,! ""t. ^ ^"^ f'™'''^ ^"^''^ ^" ^'^^'f^l'tered at intervals, and

T ' ^^'^''^"•jy ««"»"«'. but no abnormal appoarancc has been so far observed

1 he lease of tlie premises being for thrre years, I dcUrmincd. with the permission

n ' T\ ' "T "•" '^°"*''>^'°" »f the exporimnts with cattle, to p^rchn^ a

of sheep, with a view to securing definite information on tlic pointsTent o^u^

'it. in V r '^^'^^'^P ^'^t "'^"•o'-t with impunity, and that no deleted

n.lT..<.ts arc produced upon the mutton, it goc« without saying that thev will con

d. .1,. of ,ho afT<.cted district in ridding their farms of this dangerous pest The co^n
ry >n winch the weed is found is one exceedingly well adapteffoslia. Culture nd
>..,„yi.uH.l that aio introduction to the district of this branch of lu, >nndry at the

linT; r n T/ .T'^ "'""'" ''' '''"'''''"'■ '""^ '•'^"'•^- *« increase t
pnM\ uili prove highly profitable.

Wii!;

bf-r .
ni,;,

will!
La.l

state.l above, there is much rough pastum, while th.. arable land has in m-mv

. <-n seriously ,mpovensho<l by tlio crude methods of cultivation in v'ogue:^d

; 1- at once ..nnehed and i,npn,v,.l by the k<.ping thereon of a n>a..onable inm

. -h.^'P. I. t H-refore, nuthcri.ed the purchase, in Xovember last, of Sv I"p

». re divided into two lot.s one .=core being fe<l during the winter o„ w(vdv In v

'lie others were fo,\ uim.i j.^,. o.>,,.,." -•.- *'■ ■ !•»,.• ■ i r - - , ' ■ '

••n carefully removed. '' "' " " '" """ '''■ ' '""" """■" "" "f^'"'"-'

■ i=-l.t goats were also rnrchased. four being i.la.v.I with each lot of «heen Thesa
^~ have all wintered well, and it is my intention, as soon as pasture ■Wcomes

?<.-■■ f

.-. f

88 TETERiyAKT DIRECTOR GEy'ERAL

6 EDWARD Vll., A. 1906

aTailuble, to subdivide them again, keeping ten sheep and two goats of each lot on il.:m
pasture, and a similar jauuiber on ptisiure badly infestetl with ragwort. By this nuuin
it ought to be possible to ascertain with a reasonable degree of cerUiinty what arc ;ae
actual effects of ragwort upon sheep, as well as to a certain extent also, upon goal-.

It migb;, iKirliaps, be advisable to ctjnlinue this experiment even longer thnii is
proposed, but 1 am in hope thatl)y the dose of the present season wo will be in a i-m-
tion to give definite and reliable advit-e as to the utiliziition of these animals in stai..|i-
ing out nifiwort, and, with it, the long dreaded I'ictuu cattle disease.

Concurrently with the above an cxperinicnt i.< U'ing carried on with the vi< w of
fixing even more certainly upon ragwort the responsibility of causing hepatic cirri
Tllr^^e healthy young cows have bet>n, since Novcnd»r 1, 100.5, f.d on locally growi
from which all weed has been reinovetl, -.vhilc three otiicrs are fed on siniihir f.
containing the ordinary quantity of ragwort usually produced in the meadows u
i:ciglibourho<Kl. , ■ I

In January last, also, a dis.abled mare of little value waa purchased and is 1
fed twice a day on hay containii g a large quantity of ragwort chopped fine antl
fully mixe<l. This exix;riment is controlled by f«.>eding a horse kept at the stati"
li:iy from which the weed has been entirely removed.

Q. What amount was paid by the government in tlie way of compensatm'
tl:inghteriiig cattle?

A. 1 can only give you now the amount that was paid last year. Between A.
l)er, 1, 1904. and Octolwr :n, 1005. ninety-four animals valued at .$2,08.') wore si
tered at a cost of .$1,:;00.

Q. You eiinnot tell how much has been spent since the disease first nii',.
Biipearanoo?

A. No.

Q. In what counties did it appear?

A. Pictou, Antigonish, and latterly in Prince Edward Island.

Q. How long is it since it was discovered in Prince Edward Island?

A. Three years this coming sun-nier.

Q. And is ragwort found there?

A. Yes.

Q. That di^^ease is found only-where the weed is?

A. Only where the weed is founcL

Q. But the reverse is not true?

A. That the weed is found where the di.scaae is found?

A. Yes. The di>ens" is not necessarily found where the weed ia found?

Q. But invariably where the disease is found there is the weed?

A. Yes.

Ml, IS.

hay

;■ tli-

I'.irr-
1! en

1 fT

By Mr. l^iiro\tlc:

Q. Is it ragweed?

A. Not ragweed but ragwort.

Q. I thought you said ragwort?

A. It is a weed which is quite (-ommon in Scotland and in England al-
rlmn,~t every county it goes by a different name. The rca.son why it does m*
disease over there would appear to be that it docs not grow in the hay me.Tl
not in the hay. and cattle do not eat it in a green stale.

■rl in
■liioo

If ■:«

Bn .Vr. Chislwlm:

O. T notice that in some sections of the country yon often find lots of th. 1 ;::

rnstures and alongside the ror.dside, and yet there is no disease.

A. I have made local investigation into that ;-Ircumstance, and I find tint it i;
generally exi)lained by the fact that the people in tliat^ particular district arc car, ful ti
remove

Ih.

w. cd from the h.ny which they feed to the cattle.

COy-SERyATION OP TBK BBALTB OP DOMESTIC Am^ALB »

APPENDIX No. 2

By Mr. ChrUtic:

Q. I)oos it grow on liigh land or on the flptsf
A. Jt grows ev<Tyvvherp.

lly Mr. Chisholm:

?■ V "■';'. "•'."J *° ^"^ ''"'"""« ^'°"' the disease.

'i- " i in the hay X„ heySu J^ SToZ"^- '^%^''' ^^^' ^''^ *> ^^ -'

u) .' ..k. an explanation. It is my ntonttn „ "''""^^ '°"- J """y Perhaps be allowed
'■-'ni„c.o. to publish a fu 1 roZt "n li^ , ^ altogether from the work of the
^Wn,h is only a sumn.ary. but T Pethiek's re'^T' Tt"*^^'"^- "°* ""'^ "^ "^P"'*'
iM.n :!„„ to publish a sufficient number of th^' l'^ ^""^ '"^ '^'^t^''" I* ^^ ^y
;o ■: .er .1. territory in ^^^^iZCIutll:^^^^^^ ^^^ ^"-"i"-'

lniiMii ilscwhere. " "^ *° allow a sufficient distrl-

V Jv'if l'"'' ''"" '^'"P*"'"^ °f the disease?

..np..n.s bad bc.n entirely overlooked and te re^r^Jjhat 00!^"^ -^T'i"
an.J . ,s,]y observable s.ymptoms wore noted or .lesoribod rt ^ f'""' 1"^"'*^
by li:ni„g these animals under constant obJrJt^ r 1 pPPortunity afforded
lirst lo,,.,n ,0 make its pn-senee felt un il tb.T ^ Z'"''"' '^' *""" *''"* *•«= '««'"'««
.1.0 ..:..„. of elucidating ^7,1 lou, t 2 va ll """f"'*"" '°°'' ^'"''' ^'■'' '"^^
^v".i^^. I do not think that I eould ve'ry St^f aMhri! " '^'^'^ *° t^^
yo. th. .yn.ptoms as they present themselvS as it ifo f ^/^?'""'"- ^'^J ^i^"
tak.n a very close and active intr^restinTtin,. 1 ? '"T-'' '^^"'^^' ^'"'« ^ ^a^"

- V- I . .-..ud observation. ' "^^ °"''' ''"'"'' *" » '''"'t'^' ^-^'^n* "^der my

Jly Mr. Clark:
Q- !)» the animals waste away?

a ^1:'; ':ril:^:;:.;Sla J?;^"' ™' ^ --*•'- - ^- -ndltion untH

•/','/ -l/r. Chisholm:

Ifave you any treatment for these diseased animals?

1 mentioned that in the statement I renr? TI.0 ;-^„ j ^ 1 .

/■'.'/ Dr. McT.i'nnnn:
U. A.V the symptoms to be found in r»r. Pethick\<= report?

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/'.'/ .l/r. Ilcrron:

■ c-a guiiig to continue compulsory dipping?

Tnw'? rV'^'^w-'l^, '''''*''''" ^' ^^" ^""t!""*^ compulsory dipping or
ny ntont.on, had the business of the House --n regard to esU mates and
-- at this committee net intervened, to hove b. present a the anmral

I I

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t

1 s

1 ,1 -

90 TETERINART DIRECTOR QEVERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

meeting of the Western Stock Breeders' Areociation, which takes place on TL jr ,l,iy
next, in order to discuss at tliis season, as 1 have done during several past seasi:.s
with the owners of cattle themselves the present circumstances and the h.st inr in
of dealing with the situation. The facts, ns they stand now are these: That .vlu r ,ii
two years ago mange existed to a very alarming extent throughout the whole <-,!iil,)
country, especially the southwestern part of it, owing lo the carrying out of the . m-
pulsory order of 1904 and the compulsory order of 1003, we have succeeded to a \ rv
largo extent in eradicating the disease. Of course it is not completely eradicate.!, ml
during the pa^t winter I have kept a number of cattlemen— not veterinary suri;,Mi.>.
but practical level-headed cow men riding the rangei in the different distrw't-^ ml
sizing up the cattle, and wherever they detect a case of mange taking steps to haw u
treated at once.

The Committee then adjourned, with the understanding tha: Dr. Ruth.-rforJ
ehould resume his testimony at a future meeting.

Having examined the preceding transcript of my evidence, I find it correct.

J. G. RUTHERFORD,

Velerinary Director Gcncri!.

House of Commons,

Committee Room Ko. 62.

Frid.w, May 11, i;"":.

The Sclict Standing Comnilttoo on Agriculture and Colonization met lin.' tli;j
day at 10 o'clock a.m., Mr. McKonzie, chairman, presiding.

The CilAinMAN.— Dr. Rutherford is here to continue his evidence He has -
subjects upon which he wishes to spcalc.

llr. Eii^'iN.— As I have to leave early, I would like if you would take up lii ■ siih
ject of ^heep scab.

rr.l

Dr. J. O. RuTiiF.KFORD, Veterinary Director General, recalled.

Mr. Chairman, with your permission I will follow the same procedure aa b' ^J^l^
and road what I have written, and then I thall be glad to answer any quest in
can, that may be put to me by members.

if I

SHEEP scAa

With the exception of one outbreak in Southern Alberta, and another in Briti-'u
CV)lumbia, both due to imported sheep, and a few isolated cases in Ontario and Qacbeo,
all of which had been promptly and, so far ar- it was possible to judge, effcctive'y dca.t
v.ith. the Dominion had been for some years practically free from sheep scab. Most ci
the outbreaks in Ont,irio had been brought to the notice of the department thi-ugb ;n;
--ency of the veterinary inspector who, since 1002, has been entrusted with tlio sup.:-
\"3ion"^ of the animals passing through the markets at Toronto, so that no parlicu «
"irpri^c was felt when, in November, 1901. the officer reported the existence of tw
di' i-^o in a er.n^ignmcnt of sheep from Chatsworth, Ont. The matter was at once

COXSKUVATIOX OF THE UESLTB OF DOyESTW AMitALS

91

APPENDIX No. 2

an,l i.nc.8Ug.,te the circu.nsfancs, with a view to taking such steps a;, luiglit prove
nccvssary to k«..p the d.soaso u.uier control. Before his report can.e to Land, however.
a Ictt.r was reccved fron. the Chi-f of the Bureau of Animal .ndu.try at Washington
;". rivM "'k '';;'','" vv ^'""\^>" ^•'"^^ -iginati„g in Thanl^sville. On.. 'and

.'it! I ^ • ^■^■'ri '^r'^'"^" 2*'' ^^"'-' "^'^^''^*' "i'l^ scab. Inve tiga-
t...u fa.led o locate the org.n of the disease in thi.. instance, although the fact that a
n.nnber 01 the farn.or. from whon. the sheep in question were purchased had sol out
t4i(ir entire .stocks was rather suspicious.

Under date of December 21 Dr. Salmon again reported the discovery at Buffalo
0. tuo cons,gnn.onts ot .My sheep an.ong the bonded Canadian anin.als tntend ^
exportation to P urope. These shipments, which also came from Western On ario
V..V very naturally objected to by the An.erican authorities, who i,ui„,ated tlmt l^y
«.,v .^.r.ously c..nsi.U.r,ng the n<x.e*.ity of requirng Canadian sheep inte ,de 1 l^r

a. .heep for breeding gruEtng or feeding purposes. Realizing to the full the serious-

u.s of the s. nation I .sent as many of our qualified inspectors as could be spar • 1 into

;'nn1 % ,'"■'' "•' '"•^^"'"' ""''""'^ '>'"' '="■"•'' "■'"' i-tructions to male a

' Tnr S^I^' t '''■''^TT "^ "" ''"^'^" "•'"^'■^■^■"^ ^"""''- At .he same time I
>..>! pr Salmon to suspend ju.lgment until such time as it was possible to ascertain
... actual conditions. Ihe results of our investigation were somcuhat diseour g ng
. n,g a they did , : ,t sheep scab existed in a very largo number of flocks, cldefly
ui l.<. county of Midd, ,.x. although outbreaks were also discovered in the counties
01 Luubton. Huron. Ke,.. \Ventwonh. Lincoln. Perth. Grey, Frontenac. leivno." Y k
Hal.l.mand and .\orfo k. ,n Ontario, as also in the county of Berthier, in (Juc.be: The
m.j..n.y of these outbreaks were traced to a common origin in a herd of br;e.lii'"

t;. u. ii/odu'r 'flX° '"'"'''^ '^'"''^^ '^'" "*"""^ '"■ i"J'"'i""l «»i°^«l« «"1^

in every case where the existence of disease was discovero.l the affected animals

.... I- -ed under strict quarantine ; while, after the discovery of the infective centre

.1... re erred to a number of flocks were placed under restrictions because of .sus-

''::.; 1 ;I7'""";" .""'""''" '^'"'"*' P"^*^]"'^''^ ^y their owners, although showing no
a..; ual e\ iilencc of disease. r. •"

To remove any doubt as to the powers of inspectors and for purposes of general
. M.K,t.ni. It was thought best to amend and bring up to date the regulations rela-
. to slu^.p scat) ma.le under the authority of the Animal Contagious Diseases A...
..,- u:,s acconlinglv done and the regulations in question, amended as follows, w. re

(Ji~;r;L.uted Widely throughout the country :

P!..

sha
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intr
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tap

pec

ni:C;lI.ATIONS RKLATIXG TO SIIKEP SC'AB.

"^^^Verrn.?""''"' '^"*'''' ^^''""^ ^^' "^'' '" ^'''"' "^"^^'^ ^"""«1 Contagious

1. Xo sheep which is infected with or has been exposed to slieep scab shall be ner-

.1 to nm at largo or to come in contact witt any nnin 1 which is not so affected

i"f ^"-V"); P'-'-*"" ''•''^■'"!? in •»« possession or keeping a sheep affect.d with s,ab

1 forthwith cause such animal to be treated in a manner satisfactory to the ncirest

niini-y inspector. "' nnnsi

'\ '}^l veterinary inspector may declare to be an infected place within the meaii-
ut Ihe Animal Contagious Disea.ses Act. 19f>3.' n^v place r-.r prc-'-Y-'-cs
tnslnp or steam or other vessel, or any railway car or other vcliicle', wher'o'the eo!;'-
n 'f scab is know or suspected to exist.

1. Every veterinary inspector shall have full power to order sheep affected or sus-
r 1 of being aff..cted with scab to be collected for inspection, and, when necessary.

■- ■' I

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VETERI\ARY DIRECTOR OESERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

to 1)0 dctoiiied, isolutoi] or trontfd in ncpordnncp with the instructions of the vctcrinnry
director jri'iieral.

r>. The rxponsp of niul incidental to such eollection, isolation and treatment sluill
le homo hv the owners of the sheep anil, if advanced by tho ins|)ector, shall, until
I);iid, he a eharjje upon tho said sheep, without prejudice, however to the recovery if
any penalty for the inl'riuKrincnt of these regulations or of 'The Animal ("onliifiion^
Disensc-i A.'t."

0. In.-pi dors are lienhy authorized to order the slaughter of any sheep found t >
!.«■ iit^'ectci with slieep .-cnli or susiK^^ct^nl of Iwing so afToeted, suhject to coniper.sati..|,
if anil wlicii the Act so [irovides and to order the disposition of tiic eareas.si s of s\i h
animals.

7. Before an order is niadi- for the j)ayment of compensation in any of tho en- ^
aforesaid, there must be pro hieid to th;> minister a satisfactory report, order f r
slaughter, eertitleate of valuation and shnighter, and certilleatc of cleansing and di ii.
I'rction, all signed by the inspector.

8. No sheep or any p;irt thereof, shall be removed out of an infected place with
out a license signed by an inspector.

'J. Every yard, stabh' or outho\isj, or other place or pren.ises, and every wag.i,,
cart, carriage, car or ( v vehicle and every vessel and every utensil or other thin-
infected with scab shi.U he thoroughly cleansed and disinfected by and at the cxpcns.^
of the owner or occupier in a uuuiner satisfactory to a veterinary inspector.

J. O. KUTIIKRFORD,

Veterinary Director General.

Health of Animals Branch,

Department of Agriculture,
Ott.awa.

ni-Cl r..\T70NS TO I'REVEST SIIIPMEXTS OF AFFECTED SIlEEr.

■ As a further precautionary measure against the spread of the disease, and wi
the special object of preventing the sTiipmcnt of afTeeted sheep for exportation. '

iollowing order was issued : —

Department of Aukici i.ti liE,

Ottawa, March, 23 190e..

Xothe is hereby given that, under the provisions of the 'Animal Conta^i
Diseases Act, VMl.' I do hereby declare that a contagious disease of animals knowi;
sheep scab e.\ist3' in the townships of North Dorchester, London, McGillivray, I
Williams and Ehfrid. in the county of Middlesex: Warwick, Brook and l)iiu-;i. in :
e,,,nity ..f l.iinibton; '/.fW. ( ';un<h'n and Chatham, in the county of Kent, in lb. •
vinee of (>utario, in this Dominicm. and that hereafter all persons are strictly ;
bidden to move any live sb. .'p whatever out of the sai.l townships, except as b. :•

after provided. , . . , , , ■ , i

The shipment, of sheep from the said townships is hereliy authorizeil undi i

following conditions : —

1 The shipment from the said townships of live sheep for export from C:.p
m:n be permitted, provided that each carload, or part thereof, is accompanied i y ii .
tiiicate of inspection, signed by one of the regularly appointed inspectors of thi
p rtment. stating that the sheep comprising sueli carload, or part thereof, are '
from disease and in every way tit for immediate slaughier. Such sheep iui.=: ^
be described in the way bill accompanying them as being for immediate sbn;:;;.

nn 1 for no other purposes. , . , , • ^ .,

2. The shipment of .sheep from ttie said townships for other purposes, to )
within the Dominion of Canada, may be permitted, provided that each shipuir: I
oceompanied hv a ecrliticate of inspection signed by one of tho regularly appein

■ ]a
if-
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llt9

is
tod

CO}fSEirrATIOW of TBB BEALTB of D0UE8TIC AJflitALS «

APPENDIX No. 2

-":'sr:;i;r. 'r.^r7rs..?,s X^r.'"°'^'"' -""

CiKO. r. O'lIALLORAN,

Deputy Minister.

w r. notitiod to nfrain from iJ ni T """" ' •,?'*^ °^-/'"^P ^''"'^ ''"'^ °'^<^"''*d
I. . xportcd to the l-uiLl Tatr ' ""' '""'"' "^'''^^''^''^ ^^r shcop about to

THK.MME.NT FOli SIJEEl- SCAB.

llHir ,li„ whi.h has for t e "^t Two L *'"%P"^P«^ 7^« "'« «t«ndard lin>o and

;i-i.. with ."^.".. :;ntit^t,rr:3e!n:-?r ^l^rSe"::uKf

, , ,;"""" -".7'';'t.>'otab]e exceptions, owners a-.l brcXs o7sh"p n'

- w:,s finally overeon.e thro„Kh the i.suinff of spedafS "iL foT "T . •"'
HN by the regular salaried inspectors dealing with tLc dT^nfc "'^' ''"^"

SIIKEP SCAB STAMPED O^J

...retu .n.speet.o„s of th. ilocks forn^crly infected hale fai c 1 t disc^ T tbo
. n.e of the ,li.sea.se, except in one isolated instance where a small flncL nf 1
K.nf connty wn.s found to be still afTected. These Vnimakln.i^ I T

• ;;i.l>. -1. al.hon.h still kept under .upervi^ion'^^r^Xli; c^li^-fr^r'^

.'>^is:-SL^-;:i;---^^
"'l:r^^hraS;r::,J,H;i:::n:LST;e:;; t/^-^r^- ^ ^-' r-"-

■ .i.<f:m«3 existing wide-spn.ul .hro„..l,out eloseKw^^l ! i:!.'!::':.-."''''''''''^'^'

■":?::! Z 7'''';'"*:"' =^"^' .^xperien,..! bn^dors. and im.^r 'the^conlli^t "^li^nl?
' t Mvirps of veterinary .= iirjrrons. o-m.ioi otxser-

\ nlre^dy stntH eWwhoro. prex-autiona have been taken to prevent the pas-si
"f n,fe..t..d sho^p from Ontario reaching American markets ™ f ,tnr^ b,
-' r>rov.s,on for their inspection beforo leaving tl>o country ' ^

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M

VETERINARY DIRECTOR QENERAl

8 EDWARD VII., A. 1905

By Mr. Ehon:

Q. I unddvtiui.l thcr.' is only one flock untlor qiiiinintiiic at tli<> i>ri9<.nt liiii. ?

A. W.U. lliiTc nre two. Tkro is oiio wlii<'li while fr.^ from <lLsti«> w« ur.^ .slnl
kcpiiiK U11.I.T ul.srrvation. It coiu-ist:* of . l.voii slic«ii only, and it is up in tlw ooimy
of K<>nt. Thfy arc poo.l sliocp and wc aro jnft kctpinn; tli<TTi imdor ohs.Tvation. 1 1;.
otlipr 18 noar loroiito. It .•unsi.M.s .if about tliirty-four .slu.p and tli.y arc IninK kil!. 1
off l.y tlw butchers as rapidly a.s po.-siblc, it may n..t U- s,>ab; the insp.-<'tor who qu ^ -
nntinc.l thini exprr^w^d very pruvc doubts a.s to its roally biin^ scab, but in vi.w i.f ti.i
d..ubt wo thouK'ht it host to kwp them uikIct control.

Ihl Mr. Ihrrun:
Q. Is tiip dis( ase vory prcvalont in tho large hord.s of Alberta?
.•\. Xo. it is not provakiit now. It was nt one time very prevalent.
(}. Isn't it in Montana?
A. Yes. and in a preat many states of the American Union.

ruKCAi riox against shkep scab by i.mi'outation'.

Q. I suppos,. you are takinp precautions in ro«rard to imported shoop?

A. V. s. we iiild all sIkx'p, .since within a month or two of the time I t<iok ch:irL-o,
wo li'iw U-rn li.ddinK sb.op for a lenpth of time sufficient to enable the insiHictor.- t .
\^ al.-"lut(1y .crt.iiii that there is no scab among them.

By Mr. L'wls:

Q. Does it make mutton unfit for human use? _

A. Not a bit. Of course, sh.xp .suffering from scab to a serious extent rapid,
down in" .oudition. and become .so euui.Matcd that the mutton is not fit for fo,„
nnder ordinary .'onditlons a sheep slightly affected with scab is perfectly good fo
Q. How is it eau.si>.l? ■ r . i

A. By a small inw'ct, an aearus, which livefl on tlic skin of an infecto<l ai
an<l whieh is verv easily transmitted from one sheep to another. The sheep, of c
nib on fences, hayracks, posts, or anything they can get to rub on, and they <]
Buifdl pieces of wool which very frequently contain an aearus. And other sheep
into contact

I. l-'lt

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imal,
■ur.-r.
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.■.'lUC

By Mr. Derbyshire:

Q. Hub in the same place!
A. Y.s.

By Mr. Elson :

Q. Sometime ago the American government would not allow our sheep to K'
th<-ir country for breeding purposes. Is that removed?

A. Yes.' I was able U. arrang<' that matter even at the time by .supplying-
catis tliat the sheep had Ikvu dipiMMl. That is overcome, but we have an iuspe.'
Brldgeburg, wh.re the large Buffalo trade cros.ses, an.l we have also app.in><.
spcctors at every otlur point in Ontario where sheep leave the province for the 1
States, and all sheep are now insiiccted before they are allowed to leave tho c
because we do not want a rcr>elltioii of the experience we had last winter.

Bii Mr. Lririn:
Q. Y..U ar.' siK^aking of animals in the last herd being killed off f.)r the nui'kd;
would tliey Ik; gooii? _ , ,, , . , .,

A. Oh. y< -, they would; they were intended for that purpose by tlio owner.

into

.■I rti-
.,r at
.1 iii-
ult..!
;:itn-,

vos.sKiiy.iTWX OF Tin: ukalth of douk.stic amuai.s »

APPENDIX No. 2

Mr. K...S...V.-I just wish to say I am cxmMir.^'ly plm.c.l with tho ,I,„.tor-8 m..vr«
m « u,„,au« out tJu, .....soru hlo .lis..,,.. whi..h affoHcd 'ur portion of tl' .try Try

.... tw2 ,:;':;l,r;^r;v:;j;'„i:::'- •'■"■'■ — "**" ™ ■—»' »' -'•■

Jill Mr. lilnin:
a,. Jil'"" "'" '^"""'" "■'■'■ ^^'^ "' '""' """ ^'"' -'"'-iti.s or,l,.r tho killing of th.

I 1 '1 nuk .,.n s,n<e I took cliur^ro on om,,. or two o<rasion3 wo have or.iorr.i tlu- lil
--.J|-.liou the .l,M.a., to rctna.n .nu.t.vc. I„ winter tin,c treutu.cnt . ahu,*t i,,,-

/.'.'/ Mr. Wriilil (li'nifrcw):
Wli(n a luT.l IxroLios infwt.Ml with this ,li.<Pn-f> nr.l thov arn nil l;il I rr

A P.O. «h le It won d dopen.i n,K,n tho naturo of tho pron.is.s. If tho sh, ,,,
' n kept n she, s or yards it wonl.l take lon^or. Tho season of tho year lo s
■n,' to do w.th It. frost has „ very honoticial effe..t in d.^strovin " tlu' T„
' T .ir«s It .3 a nnestion whi..h is rather diffi.-ult to answer, as wlUle h. 1 ,

■ .l>hn to know,.df,'e as t„ the .lurution of vitality in the ovnn,. I suppose p, -
••.n,«ht put tho outsuk- lirnit of possible reinfection at about four or Iw

h-.-.

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l!>i Mr. lilam:
<> Have

•■>.''r"/0nH;^J"V'":'*"'"r -^ ''" ''"""*'*^- ^^ '^'''^ «l'='t i^ l'.!n^ kept '.v
ii'r, of Ontario? Is it on the increase nr d.XT.ase? '

A. ''"v>;^l'e<^n eolleotinff figures lately relative to the number in th. Don.ini v,

..^.ln.^d.iTerent provn.ees, but I do not beliove that I can an.wer tl.a aue'l^n

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SYMPTOMS OI- SCAD I.\ SIIECr.

/-'.i/ Mr. Lovc'.l:

■ )Vh.n shrt.p are afr,vt,.d wi'h s..;,b how does it show itself'

^ .rifit'wm,'''f ""'''' '• " '"'''^'"^•^- ''"^ ''-^ ^'^' «f the sheep to rub or
\ lo I , "" rV"'' " ^""'^ ^'^ "^ "'^•''i"^t am- other object an,

A _the d,s..,se a.lvances httlc fleeks of wool become detached from tll^ sk „
1; .1.;- operations of tho acan.s. and a. these drop out a little hU of fl..""*^ t"
-I ...e :^nmcwnat dnrk-T natural colour of the inside wool
■<re ,s a little insect called the sheep tick ?

t:."/":!!":;" iHif '^ ^-^^ - *■- ^'-'-P bo^ms to scratch its chest

V,

"n.I fc^t; and then if with an ^^^in^; ^ia^ i i^^^ s^^^ tJ^ t''
.; these parts where the wool is looseneil from the skfn vouTnc it IliSlv
'"'1 .n many crsos ,f the acarus is active there i.« . secretion, parlly from t,,

f ^ ■:

• f

/ !

7

w

VKTF.RISARY DIRECTOR or.VKR.4f,

6 EDWARD VII., A. 190H

..nrns ll^olf ut>,l partly from tl,c .kin, ^In.^h cau«-s tnoUt.r. and on .^xnminlnR o.r..

ly. .: K. lally in . Lun U- raturo wilh « fairly „.nv..rful n.aKn. y.r^ K a.. ,

,„„ .l.t.ot (I.- ins,rf. It i* .luito ,-asily 'hU:tc,\. and ot .•o.r.v ti,.,! h, ns ., .

lohvin.intr i.PM.f of til.. rxi-l.iMV of thp .l.^.Msv.

/.'v Mr. l-'inl'iii:
O If llir -.•..!. i^ loft in the Htal.l.- will il •ilTo.t any oliior aniinnU

\ No' it i. a .lisprnsaiion of l'rovi,i,nn. that it r .n ^ a ^.-oal van-. !

i„s .I'lo .•u'u.o tiio ili-ra-o in tin- .lilT.T.i.t sih-cmoh of .jome^lu- aniinal-.

/;,/ \lr. l.nr.H:

Q. 1 Ino u, liurUc. iM ll,r lo..aU.y «l,.ro I livo nr.rly rvrv f:m,„r n^..| | • ,
a il,. I. n\ -I,.-. I'. '»""• »■"•'■=" "•""'•'" ^^''^ "" "■'"""" "'' ' ' "■'" ■"'''■"' '

' " A.' \Vr",',,i, li.iplly ola^^ tlioM. :..- u .-olitn^liou^ ,i;-.a.(., altlio„f_.li ll.y .,ro i, ^ -v
v.riMi-i (Ir.iwliaik to -hoop l.u-l.aii.lr\ . , , , , . ,•

i). 1 know a >;oo,l many f:.rniors in my nri,;l,l...arl 1 wl,o l,:,vo -on t ,,, ;,

]iu>'':ii;<lry on that uocvuinl. ., . , ., f ^ .1 i w r I ■

A 1 oon.o from a .slaop o„unlry n>ys.lf. ui tho .onlh of Sooil.nol. \\ o .hi .;

l,.;h, r mu..h ah..ut tho law with a shoop killit,^- >\nn thrro. lie hn,l a vory short - .

*>-

iioii>r ii;;;; niNi: an'u iii.moi \ts.

Mr iMMs.^ 1 wouhl lik.. to hrin- up thai n.attor I spok.^ "f wl'"' '"•■ ';
fonl « i- h ,,. lolovo. an.l 1 niovo that Dr Knthorfor.rs ossay whuh ho .-i...l
,1„„. ,'..o in roforonoo to horse bnv.linK niol romounts for tho Imp-^nal sorv,.
.,,„,„;,,;,,••„, ,h. roport ..f his ovi.lonc. U i- a n.attor that is of ^rn at ,nton-, ,
larnior. an.l sh..ul.l n.-.'ive wiilo pnMioation.

Dr lJrilliM.-i<l..- It lias l, on n,v intontion to rowrito that liltlo l,r.,.hun. ,=
ns I an', ahl.. t,. .pa.v tin>o fn,n. my io..ro imp.-rtant .lutio^ am i-Tlups t,. a.j. .
" , , is ...,uo f.u.r or tivo yoars -inoo it was writton, an.l .f .t w.u.l.l sorv,. .1,.
,urp„- Mr. Chairman. I think 1 -an prumiso that in-nlo of the m.t s,.x n, -n ;
will haw am.thor i^su,. of it. whi.-h will ho availah! tor ,hs,r.lnitum.

Th.- CiivnixMN.- Woul.l you ho satisfio.l. Mr. l.wis. to have it loft ovor n
let it p. in tiu. s.o..n.l o.lition of Dr. Unfl.. rfonVs ovi.lono. ; that is what h.^
mends, nn.l it will ;-'iv.- him time to roviso it.
'i'liis suL".r.-^tion concurred in.

^Ir LKVVIS.-It is 11 spooial documont l,y it.scll-. Hot I underhand th;'* •
Bcnt'o.hti.m is exh uistod. 1 have had a n.nnhor of apH,.;at.ons for «--".' •lii,:.
sain- raturo, ami I think it will be i.ro,« r to havo .t puhhslud hy its<.lf v, th
can h.' furiiisli. .1 to th..sc mcmhors who wish to have llioin.

Dr Ki Tiirm-oim.- Do vou not supj.oso it midit ho l.ft t.. tho dopartm. . '
yo. rot think y..u could trust tho .lopartmcnt to do what is lost m tho matt. -

Dr ^iw.t ir -I think that Dr. l{utlwrf..r,l midit profa.-o Ids pamphk i !
whether ..r not ]v thinks it woul.l ho fo.isihlo for tho fana.lian fanner to o.it, :• :
rairkel. for that particular pr.duet. heounsc that scorns to ho .,uit.- an ."U-ori.:.:

, _ ,.^.j. i..,.i,:,,,^ ;.,.,, th.;-' tliinu' tw.. years airo, rn the Slimming up "t t •>'■ '•

and 3omo\.ne who was h. ro ioT that purpose, whi.'h was that they have i._ • ;
i.orses from Tanada. 1 think that f..r tl... Iarm..rs to turn intothat line ,, . .
for the purp..se of selling' L'.OOO hor- s a ye„r would he tho height of fol.^. •
thov could not reasonably ox,-ot that .mo ,.ut of five of t..n horses eould h ^^
that purp,.sc. 'J'hey might direet tlu^ir attention to something more profit. .

I''"

•pi i

nhill
j, ''""'"'
■ l!"j

,! fcr
thtn

coMiKKr.ATioy or the n faith of nnvf-STic asivm.s n

•INDIX No. 2

• TluMlo.naml for horn.,, f„r the Sontl, African war Rav.. n ^r..,l,.al inrronso in

,:,ark.f an.l n>..n.f„r.. (Iwr- «»h n larwr in.lu.-.nunt to rain,. l,„r«s of that kin.l.

that .l.man.J hn^ now ,,;,.,...| l.y „„,1 ih. .,„..Mion uonl.l ho to know what. oh.I.t

'm:.I con.hlio,,.. Ih.. Ilnl„h tnarkof was. „n,i th- r...„nr..n,..nt^ t.. ihnt ,,ur,M,so It

n !on. rnvms to uu ah^ohiflv n,,-. .-.ry to ,.,nl.o.|.v ih.t ,nf„r.„nti„n in ..nr r.port.

'"■• '«:-"""^' •■ I.Mhi., ,.. Mr. ( 'h,,lnnan. I wo„l,| ,a.v that that Ihll.. hnll.lin

u.vthn,,, rl... whirl, I hav. ,M,l,li,h, ,| „n .h. .;,„„ sul.j,.t ha. h. , n .•an fnllv pro'
a vuth a VI. w to i.r.v.ntiiiM; iho .T.ali. ii .,) an nnpr.ss,,,,, that it was a.lvUaM.- for
hari farm, rs to j;., into tli,. I.iisin.^s of hr.-.ihnK r. nioiint hn,-., -, f,,r th.- Urili.li
:iy niiT s.Tvi.v.. I ,lo n..t think f.,r a n.o:n.nl tliat thi.s wo„M |„. „ pr..tilal.l..
- ■-. liot a. 1 ^ns, in that littl.. LulNtiu, ,,„ 1 | |m\.. .-..,i,l r.p. at,, ilv ,.|„.wl„r..
I. i.r.v.lm;. annnally a v.ry larjr,. numh.r, an .nnrnmns nnnilxT of ns,.|,.«s n.,n'
■ |.| hlllo h,'ht-I..KKi'-l hors..s in Cana.hi. Now if wv arc tr.,inK to hr.M ,1 .ni ,11

. wc may jnst as w.H hr 1 k-.<"I lilll.' -...s as ha.i littl.' hor^,-, an.l tl,.. wiy'to

;' ''"'"■ '""■•"•" '■■' ""■' l'"-tl' ill that lilll,. panipiilct in .■..„tr.i,li.-iiM,.|inn i,,'tlc

nl, Ti'iUx-s* an.l f...ihsh way in whi.'h tlh.u..<;Mi,U an.l llio,i.;ni.|. .,f l,a,| i,Mi.

•!iat wc arc munially pmilncintr arc u'.,t. That i.n tlw .)nly ,,l,j....t ..f tliat wu,l

■■ rrav.. Milli..i..n( iialiiip-nc.. fn.m tla- .■■unniil l< ■■ I,, -ivc inc cn^lit f..r Mm li'

-.'. ii... ;,s Will pr, v.ml nic u.Ivisinu' th.- Ontario ,.r ('ana, Man fanner pn, raliv

. iiiir int.. tl». hr.. ,ln,u' .,f li,,r-^..s for tho I'.riii.sh army ,;.-. n hu-^in-ss ; hut if hv U

'■' Ir,-,.! httlc hor.-c-i h,. niny n.« w. 11 hrcc.l tL.Mii p.o.l :m ha.l.

/•''/ J/r. Ilcrrvn :

'.'. .1 isf a wor.1, I hav.. ha.l a litth; oxporii.ncc nl..nj,' the lin.« r.f.rrd to. Wlu'ii
i:.v,nhill was h.Tc in tlii-i c.iiintry so;no 20 years iiko. li.) travel!... 1 all over lli,.
: ...-t l..rriton..s looking' for h..r.H..s siiitahlc f,.r the Hrili.sh army. I furnislu.,!
' ,t ot a l.cr.l of s,),. or i.o.M h..a.l. Tli,.y took .1^1.1 hca.l from there an.l that
I I -^upp..,!. liiey ha.l t.. p, all ovr Manitol.a an.l th.> .\.,rlhwcst to ^'nh.r
r,r ,,a,l of h,.r..,.. at that time. Later. Col. (i.,l,lic came, an.l althoiiRh iK-
•i:^ have chaiiKcl, jn.st u„ that iR.int I .lo not think it will he a.lvisahlc for ■,v
•• h'-'-rl hi.s att..nli.,n parti.mlarly to the hr(.<'.iinfr ,,f h.,rM..? f,,r the IJritish ara.y"
■.. ■.■..|,i,.' hors<..s f,',,.„l enoMKli t,, fulHI the .Ionian.^ nf the Rriti^-li Annv we,...i,i I
: . ■■:■■ money for them in this country. But iin.l.r the conditions, an.l wli.r.. tliev
v a .lilTcrcnt cla..-s .,f l„„..,..s which. I think. It is j ..s^il.le I,, hr,'. .|. .^oinc siiir' s
i tliat ilirc'-ti.in wonl.l l<> a great u.lvantnj?e.

rill fhr Chnintiaii :

<> Will it he sutfi.'i. lit t.. have thi.s puhli.shcd in the s, . ,.n.l c.litinn of Dr. Kulh, r-

. .leiiec— will that nie.t the ncoda of the country at the pr(..scnt time ?
\ In connection with that I would say it is my int..nti.in t.i hriiifer out a revised
■ t!i" hulletin for Kf'x'ral diatrihution.

\ ,M.ss.— With your permission I will take up the suhjcct menti,.nc.l hv Mr
•he other day, that is the question of mango in cattle.

MANGK IN CATTI.K.

! : iv.'^ me much plca.suro to be nblo to report a prcat improvement in tlie situ
far as concern.^ this troublesome malady which has existed anu.nj,' our ramie
• ■ a greater or less extent for the past sixteen years. Shorty after mr neces-
' i.n in 1902. I made it n point to l* nresent nt th." r.^-.t-.-.z.-.] -...-.,>•.... _- ..
Stock Growers' Association which was. that year, held at M,a'cicod"'"Afb.r"'n
i-^ion It was decided to leave the matter of treatment in the hands of the
iiors with the understanding tliat the services of our in?p<.etor=. woul.l Ik?
.n the event of it becoming necessary to dt with the animals of ne-lI..ont

jjassfc

■ 1-; I

II

jg 17:7K/f/.VXKr DIRECTOR VESF.RAt

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

more effective polio' than had yet Leon .naugurate.l.

OHDIB ISSir-D FOn TKEATME.NT OF MANUE IN CATTIX.

ReaHzi.. the i-upc-nan.-o of -'^i;;;-;^ -':-;:,ri:,;:';:rrSin:;pd^::^^^^^^

o^vnors, I held during the spring of ^^^f; "JX w o su -jcct svas discu..od in .!- Ml

wiUun the infected area. At the... "-^'^^^"f .^'' jJX/e a' policv of eon>pulsory :u.l

with the result Uunt it was <>"f >• ^^-^f '^, ° '"^ ;'a%A,hin the son.ewhat ..u-.-
systeniutic dipping which should extend to an eat^ko.nca.^ ^^^^^^^^^ ^ ^^ ^^

.ive district where the disease -»^ .''"°; " f ^^.f^'f, ;,„, „^ording to e..rtain .p.- i:. ■!
issued on August 9, 1904. and ca M .^"J ^^;;/.'^™ „nd Oetoher lU of

conditions, of all eattle w.tlun a definite "^'^J^^^^ y^^'» j^ ; ; ,,„t,i,.i„g much inf,,,-,,,:.-

that year. About the same tune a ^^^'^PjJX^wi plans "uul speeitieations for ,!.
Uon regarding ....-gean^as t^ea nien. togeUi. r w.,h r^an^^ P^^^^^^^^^ _

construction of dipping \.ns, w.u-> i i „imfi<!t everv loca ty. some bfuiK i"'

gratifying. Dippin. pl-'ts were cons ructed >■ » -^^^^J^ ^,f ^;,,,, rancher, vl.
vi.le.l by individual owners while o.hci. ^^" ?^"f; J^^^ ,i,^ „,„,,,,.r of the-c ,-'..1-
co.nl.ined their forces for that P^-'l'-^- \ „ J J ;, i r to 100 which, almost .1,1,.
Ushnie.it., increased from two, and t^^^^^.J^l'^'^^^^^^JS 'ivcly. As a nuitter ... f:.cl
out exception, were found to work ^'^^^ '> ^ ; ^7^", .f^^ time that the . ,V. r

upwards of 400..MK. cattle were «f J^/"" J^*;^ . ^^^^^^'^^^^^^ glad to comply v..,:,

was in force. The great majority of he ^^^^^^ ^'.^^ ^ l^^^^, %^, ^heir eat.le .,„t

"" Th« Mtoi,.f «Ua..t fro,,, H.e la« ..,n«„l .fl'on ot th.

WKSTKltX STOCK GBOWEBS' ASSOCIATION

Which was unanimously adopted at the annual meeting cf that body held at M,.!!-

!'''""*"'i^;;;,:;2;;:lr;,.5.-ir,:^!;S,l

Th„ „,„„„.i..ili,,.-, .1,,,- .1,'""" ,"■■,.''■,,,• : : „«J. oxlr. „,c,, <„„ty<i

h,„i ,o V,. !,r"vi"»'-ir:'f",i," ';l!n,- ,1,' o;,r,,i.,,tio,. .,..■»»->■ >„ ,.■;,»-

and valuar.ic l:n:e ■' • •• • I )im.Mdties. in tact, were many """ ''■"•'■;

tion roquin-l much «f'*^"f ";;„';;,,'• i^W general. There were a few i^. ateJ
numerous but ... spite of . all '' ' " . horoughly carry uut the regulations. \y"
in.stan<....s .hen. ..o attwnpt was made to thor,u,^.l> ^ ,.^^^ ^^,^^^,, ^„„„ ha,

COySEltVATIOy of the BEALTB of DO.VESTIC AXIMALS

M

APPENDIX No. 2

So satisfactory did the executive committee consider the results, that at a meeting
hold on March 9 last the following memorial was addressed to the Dominion govern-
luent : —

' Tluit this mcetinp of the executive oommittoe of the Western Stock-growers'
A>sociiition desire to put on record their satisfaction ai the undoubted success result-
ing from tlic mange dipping operations of last fall, and to heartily endorse the action
(if Dr. Kutherford, who was instrumental in having the dipping regulations put in
furce. This cominitlei? is of the opinion that it is highly desirable and necessary that
univirsal dipi)ing sliould be again obligatory throughout the same district during the
coming seas(-in.

'The whole countrj- is now well equipped with dipping tanks, tliire being no les.i
than 19C in exist', nee, and future dipping operations should be simjilo compared with
hist year, when ( verj-thing had to bo bought and tested win ii all were unfnnilliar with
tlie proposition.'

Steps were at once taken to meet the wishes of the owners, and another onlor ^^n
line- similiir to that of the previous year and differing from it only in regard to cert.iln
comparatively unimportant details was issued on July 10. 1905.

SYSTEM OF TRE-\TUENT ENKORCED.

The same system was f<)llowe<l in its enforcement, the territory being divided inlo
thirtieu districts, each in charge of a qualified veterinary inspector having under Uii
supervision a sufficient number of deputies to permit of the work of treatment bein,^
closrly watched and so kept up to the standards provided for by the order. The rea-
.'i 'IIS explained fully in my lost report to tlie u.se of a standanl liiiic and sulphur
(lip was again made compulsory, the only exception to this rule being at the vat of Mr.
John Linehara, who obtained special aut.i'^rity to use crude petroleum from one of tlio
1 iw Alberta wells. Mr. Lineham was very anxious to have an opportunity of testing
the 1 fllency of this is n cure for mange owing to the fact that certain crude oils from
the |{(aura(mt fields in Texas are being used wiUi good effect in the treatment if
inniigo as well as in the destni ion of ticks. The oil dipping was in this instance
prniitted on condition that the owners assumed all risk of injury or death to the
aiiiiiKils dipped, a very necessary precaution in view of the untoward results following
the use of some kinds of er'.ido oil in experiments conducted by the American authori-
tis As ;in additional precaution, and with the purpose of securing reliable informa-
li II for our future guidance a qualified veterinary inspector was detailed to watch
'he .lipping at Mr. Lineham's vat. His report states that, while the oil was not in any
We injurious to the cattle, it failed to cure several out of a number of aflectcl animals
vhi li were subjected to this treatment. This i,s regrettable as the use of oil is much
1 s- troublesome ; .il laborious than that of the lime and sulphur preparation.

One application of the Beaumont oil above mentioned at an ordinary temperature
i- iietierally efTie.Tcious; on the other hand the lime and sulphur dip has not only to be
leaiiitiiincd at a high temperature, but in order to effect a certain cure should bo
upp'ImI a liceond time after an interv.nl of ten or twelve days. The latter limitation
is :i very serious one as may be readily .seen when the difTieulty and inconvenieneo of
lie' ill <: Inrt'e herds for a o<'eond dipping are taken into eon-sideration. WTiiic in Texas
rp eiitly T made full inquiry as to 'the special oil above referred t« and am now arrang-
iii ' te bring in a limited (piantity for experimental purposes, although I fear that tho
coe, Lined burdens of freight and duty will render it too expensive for ordinary iise.

.srfCKKKf! T

Te rne.y, TPf'ATVfKT "F CATTLE HAKCE.

1 he order of 1905 was enforced even more thoroughly and generally than that of
I'.ii t, nnd its results have been, in a corresponding degree, moro satisfactory. Fivo
h-ndnd and forty-seven thousand seven hundred and five cattle were submitted to
tr(,.tMient, 4-2, SOS having been dipped a second time. In a country of such extent.

:.f

jQQ VETERINARY DIRECTOR OEXERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

"J,f„ f» b,5T,»cdi.,o i..l..i.n ,ma ............ T.,.« .ncu t„,n,,, .j-ubr r.-
:X',",;;';;!;;si '. ." .1'° j;';.::;.;.; n™.».i.« »-i- .„c.. „eu ,. -

sary.

A IMI..TKST VJAIXST nU.TISII MISCONSTRICTIOX Of FUJI Rl.S.

I ,..„M..t 1 avo .his suhjoot without a refercuce to the very unfair manner in «!,: ■:i
0. H ■: ill J.^'i^ul ural „ . .. ha. nUe„,pte<l, during the recont eontrovcr.y on ■

' "i fi ?n in or . r nt..lli.,.>:.v. or what i. more likely in thi. ,.nrtu.nl:.T ,n.t:.
,g dcfiei.nt inor.liiiir> uu. 1 u ^^ treatment. l«nur

7— h„n...y. -•;;'-- ^ ^^' ,^ \l:i^„me ringworm with whieh Hri,

faet very -';<•'' "^.^^^^ !' ^f " . .ffe.-te.l. On ordinary fanns and an.on. '
,„,1 esi..e.ally ^^-' ;" ' , ;,, ' ,«„ran..,. causes to the intelli.-ent ow.er n.r
n,e.t.c eatt e, ,.ro,H..l '"""";'• ,,.^ ';;,,„ ,, i,. u.n affected anin.al. a sli^h., .
alarm nor W-- ; " j'^ ,;;" ^, "" I'^mliuons in Alherta were similar ,0 ,;,

orary ...a . ^ '^ „^i„..,.,. ,1,, ,,i,tence of cattle n.ango would l.c of ^ r

n .,„an, or ■„ "''■•; ^^^.,„,^^ ^, t„ the authorities, but amongst thousan.l^
'""' •'?;:'; in J Vhc^Ves.riction over hundreds of n.iles of op,^ count .

Ronu-NMld catll. ■•'" r-.'^ \' J : ,,,p ^i.„i„ vo„, „„ prass alone, it is an •

an.ldei..n.l.nt? lor I0..1 ...a ii.U.v. 1 ir _^j ^^^ _^^ ,.

,..„ .lijy';- •-;;;:;';;;^;- t'^i; l.;^ ^. ti;';;^^ -.» -n ti^> piatfor,,,. i

Opi>onent. of ^ """'1'''" f "',^ ,. ..^..r', report of the number of cattle trcat.d .-

COXSERVITIOX OF THE HEALTn OF DOMESTIC ANIHALB

101

APPENDIX No. 2

wayfaring man, though n fool, should bo able to comprehend them. As a matter of
fact not more than five per cent of those treated were showing any evidence of disease,
the dipping being made compulsory and universal as a general preventive measure,
having in view the possibility of future infection through unrestricted contact on the
I'pen range. Again much was made of the statement that a number of animals were
dipped a second time. Although the accompanying text of the report siiowixi that thi.s
;i!>:o was universal rind that at the date of writing only a certain number had under-
gone the second treatment, it was sought to convey the impressfion that these aninuds
wore so dealt with because badly affected, when in all likelihood, the ino.'^t astute IJri-
ti-h protectionist would have been unable to find a single acarus in the lot.

PRECAUTION'S ENFOKCED TO PHEVENT SHIPMENT OF DBEA-SED CATTLE.

Every pos.sible precaution is taken to prevent the shipment of any animal in the
-'l:.''litest degree affected. Cattle intended for export are submitted to a rigid veter-
11 iry iusiK'clioii on ienving the district, are again carefully examined at Winnipeg
aul finally pass through the h.Tuds of our experienced and reliable staff of cxxwrt in-
sii'tors before they are permitted to leave the Dominion.

Order in Council.
DoiiixiON OF Canada.

DEl'AltTMnST OF AcatlCULTLHU — HEAI/ril OF ANIMALS BR;\,N'C1I.

Mange.
By Orders in Council dated July 10, IMS, and June 27, 1904.

Whereas the disease of mange exists among cattle throughout those portions of
t!ii ti rritorios of As.siiiii)oia and Alberta whicli may 1x3 described as bounded by the
i. ' riialional boundary, the Rocky mountains and n line drawn as follow.s: —

.\ line from the Rocky mountain? along the southeastern boundary of the
S' : y Indian rosorvr. then long the northeastern boundary of the .s."id reserve to
t'.' • tin line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, thence easterly along the said lino
' f i Aay to the line Ixwcen ranges .T and 0. \v«'st of the Sth meridian, tlionce north
: ; i.L' that line to tho line between townships 2S and 29, thence east along that line
t '•' lino of the Calgary and Edmonton Raihv.ay. tinTice north along the (^dtrary
!i!;l Ivlinonton Railway to the line between townships 30 and 31, thence east along
''. ' iiiir to the lino between raiiires 20 and 2"i . west of tlv* 4tli principal meridian,
Ti; ■ ■ north along that lino to the line between townships ,34 and 35, thence east
: ' that line to the Red Deer river, thenee U'lrtli alons th" Re 1 Deor river to the
1; I.etween townships 3"^ and 39, thence east along that line to the 4th principal
I' !i,iii, tlieiiee .south along the 4th principal meridian t'< the Ke 1 Doer river.
l!. along the Red Deer and Saskatchewan rivers to the line between ranges 7 and
' ■• "f ilii' third meriilian, thence south along that line to the international boiind-
nr- !:!.•..

Arid, whenas. it is of the greatest importance to the interests of stock owners
!><■ '■ ■ the preservation of a profitable market for western cattle that the policy adopteil

- ;r (l',)04) with a view to the eradication of tho di.seaso in ([uestion should be
. .:--n:,ed.

i'liat after careful imniiry and duo consideral'on it has been decii|<'d that the
!■ 1 li tween August 1."> and October 31 is the most suiliMe and convenient for treat-
: ■ " ifh the above object.

Tih Tifore the (Jovernor General in Council, in virtue of the provisions of sec-
t; '. chap. II., 3 Edward VIT.. intituled 'An Act respecting infectious or contngi-
< !.-! a.=es affecting animals.' i.s pleased to order that the above described tract
f ■ . 1 shall be .".nd the sa;ne is liereby declared an infected place, and that all per-

M\

^J

X'

IQjj VKTERiyART DIRECTOR OEyERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

. . • v * «»ftio trlthin the above described tract must,

sons ownnp. or being m charge of <!°"lc. w.thm thojbove ^ti.fa,^.,,,

Arra<i\r.i> ukmedy for cattle mange.
Satisfactory treatment shall co -i.t of ^-^TJ'l^i::';^:: ^'^::L'S't:
^;^S:of'Sr-S- nl^ ^^- ^le-IeJiSlng t! the dire.„.

"^ ^h^:":.:;,:':; ^^^'^^l'^^"^ of the district .. .Hch ^.e eatU,. „,
1. ,p1 "it/a eko>/ person, owning or controlling, herds of not more than 30 1., hI
nLy be pemitted to't;eat their animab by hand, in which case t!.e follo.,ng pn.ar.

tion shall b'- used : —

2 pounds

Sulphur 8 ounces

Oilof tar. . • 1 gallon

Kaw linseed oil

the treatment of his cattle on or b«^° « October lopr^ ^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ,_. ,

dated June 27. 1W4. regarding compulsojy J'^-^^J^^J"^ that no cattle -l.,ll

The Governor Genera u> Council is ^^^^J^^^^^^^ tract unle.s ,!. y

be removed or be allowed to "lovx out of t^« he^^J^^j^^ Department of AgrieuUurc

are accompanie.1 by thr certificite °/, "" "f^J' "^j f.^^ f.oni contagion of hkh,...
.tating that they have b.mexam.n^ by hun^u^^^o^^^^^ .^^^^^^^_ ^^ ^

Z<T^^o:Z:r::i^^ ^"oh manner as the veterinary director g, . .1
may, from time to time P^os"'^"'- . , shipment of cattle at any point ^^■^h■

■ ,^\:-Jt"^t^^n!rin:::x:::S^ p-'<^'-^ -'-- -"

rf,i„ment is a;eompanied by ^'- -[♦i^ti\hl sairdrstrTc't are unloaded they sl.:,ll 1.

... JiH^J^iM^aXS -^a^^^i:^^^^ no other purpose and .-. ..

5:::^ar disinfected wben .o or.J.red ^^^^^'^^^ ,,,,, .Uall be el,-....!

, t^r tjlolr JlSon :1 ^: ^:^^ -« «. possiUe after bel,. .n-

Z\'l and before b.iu, n^d ['•[,-- t^.^pS" ship-n.. -f cattle ori.i.:-^.
All way bills au.ll.. Is ..f 1" '^ ='<^^'; 1^ ;^ ^,^„ |,,i „,,,,, the face flur^.f a
within the said tract sha 1 have '1-' ^^VJ^^^J^^^^^ /^^,^., ,];^;„fe..,od immediately nft.r
notification that the said c;i.> ..r. to U u.tai,
being unloaded. j ^ ^j,^ contagion of manp; m:^y l)o

following c'.r.diiion:—

>r

CUSHEUVATION OF TnE HEALTH OF DOMESTIC AXIilALS

103

APPENDIX No. 2

1. Unl<ss londo'l tlir)!!};!! Pt)ecial yards and chutes rt'srrvod oxelusivfly for eiich
iliilihiiiit:*, all ynnls iiiij t-Iuitcs used by tlieiii shall k> dcflnrcd inficttd idacis mid
shiill not bo again us*'d for the shipment of healthy stock until clciniscd and disiu-
f((i<'<l to the satisfaction of the in.si)octcr; they shall not h€ allowed to come in contact
witli other animals; shall bo consignwl direct only to such slaughter houses within
the lieninliifort! described tract as are provided with privatt- yards and cluitr*; shall
li.ii li<> unloaded at any point en route and slinll under no iiretcxt whatever Ix; removed
nlivi- from tlu' slaughter house or the yards and premises immediately connected

tll'TlU-itll.

•2. t'ars conveying such cattle shall be cleaned and di>infei-tej to the satisfaction
of ;in inspector imnuiliatcly after Ixing unloaded.

That the traiusit of cattle through the said tract id permitted subject to tlie fol-

;..vvii!,ir reguliitions: —

1. Ciittle for traiusit by rail trough the saiil tract from one part of Canada to
a': ill r sliall, at iifints where unloading is ncd'ssary, be placed in yards rcscrve<l for
th. i;- < xihi-ive us«'. and shall not be permitted to come in contact with cattle which
hav nriginatcd within the said tract.

:.'. Cattle imported from the I'nited States into the said tract ilc-tiiicl for points
in ( auada otitsiiic thereof may, under compliance with the (luarantiue regulations,
aul \'. ilb the provisions of the ni'.\t preix'ding section thereof, be ]ieruiiltcd to pass with-
11 1: Hiiiicce'ssary delay thniugh the said tract direct to tlx'ir destination without further
r. - lii'lion.

iivi ry veil riiiary in>pe(tor, and every person dulty authoriztd by a veteriiniry
ih-j ' •■ti>r, shall have full power to order animals affected or susi)ectetl of being aiTectetl
V, iili iiiange to be collected for insiH'ction and, when necissary, to be detained, isolated
If !!•' ;Md in acconhinee with the instructions of the veterinary director general.

Ihi' cxpcn.s<'.s of and incidental tu such collection, isolation and treatment, shall
If I'Tiif by the owners of the animals, and if advanced by the insjieetor or other
aiith'ri/.iil person shall, until paiii, be a charge upon the said animals, without prejn-
rlj.i , however, to the recovery of any iicnalty for the infringement of these regulations.

il sn.-h cxix'ns:s are not paid within twenty days of the time when they have leeii
iia aril d. the iusjHctor or other duly authorized person may proceed to s/dl the said
aiiiiia!-; by public auction, aftt-r giving to the owner tin days' notice in writing of
saiii intention to s<!l. which notice may 1)0 effectually given, where tlic owner is
kill vii, liy delivering tlu' same t> him iiersonally or by sending it l)y mail addressed
h. hiiii at his last known place of m sidcnce. \Yherc the owiur is unknown, such notice
may !< effectually given by publication in one issue of a newspai)er published or circu-
lati! ; ill the di>trict wlnre sui'h animals are detained. The proetvds of such salt' shall
U ai'iiiied first in payment of the reasonable expenses of the collection, i<<dation, tnat-
iiieit, iriviug of notice and I'onduct of sale, and the balance, if any, shall be paid to
till ii' iiep (if said animals on demand. Any balaiu-*' not .so paid shall lie remitti'il to
tiic !i:i;ii.-ter, and if not claimed within twelve months from the date of sale shall be
paal I ■ the credit of the Kecoiver Ocneral.

1 :a uuKinnt charged for the, treatment of stray cattle, or of eattb' whos<' owners
111 L'l ' iir refuse to comply with the above orders, so far as tlu'y refer to treatment,
^iiaii ;i no case exceed twenty-five tniits per animal for each dipi)ing nr application, pro-
viti.ii that where it is necessary to collect such animals and to hold them for tlie.>iee<ind
dippiiii; and apjilication, an additional sum of one dollar ix'r animal ma.y Ih' colleetwl.

Ill- Il partmont afsumes no iresponsibility for injury or loss to cattle incurred
thrii'iLh eiimpliance with the provisions of tlies<' orders lus regards treatmeni.

.'■. ;i i.ei"s.iii^ Cii^.i^eii in brivding, exporting', uealing in, ariving ..r ^iiippin^; ealtie,
and a!! iraiisporlatioii companies, are reipiesteil to co-oi)erate with this department in
cnf V iiiir the above provisions.

|.»

104

VETKRIXART DIRECTOR OEXERAL

II ;= ;

'1-

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

Outbreaks occnrritiR outside of the area defined nlKJve will be dealt with un! r
the Rcncral Order in Council, dated June 27, 1004.

J. O. RUTHERFORD,

Vctt-rinary Dircclor General.

Health of Aiiininls Branch.

DeiHirtnu^nt of AKrifultiirc,

Ottawa. .Filly 11, IDO;'.

Mr. Hkuhon.— 1 Jiupposi' you uro aware of the fact that there is still a ni; rk.,1
tiilference of opinion on liiis (luestiou of compulsory dipping'. A great immy !■ ,.1.
are oppo.scd to it. 'Ihere are partd in that district where the dusea.so i>( not at al. i, ii.
and 1 have .<cen .s..ine castw where it seems to be a Kreat hanlship, such i\s th. .. -
of a man who mav have two or hundred or three hundred head of cattle wliirli !u,-
not l-een out of his own ticld, in fact were never out of his premi.ses, and ther.
n.i ilis<'a.-^' or .symptoms or signs of disease?

lid l>e compelled to go to the great trouble and e.xiH-nso under eoinpu.so:

tii;il

A it.

It se<'m.s haxd tli;,; h
.ory pip-
pin-' I Ik li("vc there arc cu.se.s of' that kind in the country. With referenc t t!.
trrrtment with that oil, 1 may say to the doctor that 1 have used some ..t
Imyself, an.l 1 believe it was as good as the dipping preparation lime an.l s.i
With r<>fen-nce to the lime and si.phur, I have heard it said in my c.untry on.
had a drove of steers near Maclco.l, and it was .said that they wer<' diiiiMil so • :; n
that when a st<vr would s«-e him coming with a pail in hi.s hand he would he i mi
to l« tri'ated. I do not know that it WiW always an effective cure. I am jiiM i ■ ..
referriiifr. however, to the difference of opinion among stockmen, and the opim n n;
a good many iikmi in the country is against compulsory dipping.

Dr Ui TiiKiiKoRi).— In regard to what Mr. Ilerron has said, I may say that 1 .an

nnlerstand the position he takes, k-cau-se during each of the seasons that the o m-

pulsorv dipping onl.r has Im-u in force we have. had a very large number ot prMi.-!-

from i"-'"pK> who objected to In-ing eomi>elled to dip their cattle. Owing to ih. .liti-

culty and trouble of enforcing the order we are going to, if passible, avoid pwin.-

dt ill fore.' this V( ar. I may say that while of course I wotild not for a nioiiiciH . nn-

tridict -Mr Ilerron. I do not think there are many eases on record such . !i

^('scribes w'h.re a man wa.s eomp<'lled to dip when he had kept his .-attic .i.n.iv

■under fence an.l tbcv were frro from disoa.se. There was a special proviso, n • t .

.,r.lers i-sue.l that 'where it can Im- shown to the sati.-faction of the sai.l oth.'. r- ;;i,!

..■ittle kept un.ler f<n(X- in any well defined ar«>a or districts within the sai.l t::iri.

are ni>t atL.'l.d with, an.l have n.)t l>een in any way expose.l to. th<- cmt.i;:! i'. .i:

imnge or have b.^'u, durin- the present season, treat-nl in a satisfactory n .mi r

and subs^Kpiently kept is.datc.l fr.-m all ..ther cattle, the veterinary .hre.f.'r it i - mI

mav on th.- fact.s lx>ing reported to him. exempt such area or district.s from >i.'.

e'.'mpiils.iry treatuK'nt, but this j.rovision shall in n.. .•a..^c apply to cattle k. j.t ■ ;; ti.

(,j).o raiifre <.r on unfence.l land.' , .

Xow. we have ha.l in ea<'h season, in each y<iir that wx' have imt Ih.' -r :.r m

for.-.- a "v. rv Iai-g,> number of applications for (-xc.iptiou. and a great iiinnv --.h-

,ne-its ma.l.- wlii.h .m (-arcful inquiry w<- fonn.l to K- at least uiindiable. A :- : •<

nn'or.lioarv win- f. nee. is n.>t a v.-ry g.xwl pr..tecti..n again.st mange, beca-.i.-

mals rubbing ■u "lu- si.I,- "f it will e;.sily iiif.-C animals on tli<- other s..!.

s L'et br.ik. n an.l .-attb- gi-t in an.l .-attic get out. niul it i- :

.„nitry to tiv.-I a man who can furnish absolut.- an.l satisfa.-t.irY pr-'t

> .t I-. en in c.mta.-t with ..ther cattle. Then again, tlior.

It - 111.' prill. -ipat liitTiciiily wc havi- i.i deai wiili. h:iiii.

PV

Then th.- f.-n.
thiiiL' in that
thnt Ills c:'.ttlc b:i
point, wbi.-b <..i!

f i-.
hiri

tli'^

tl!

the .li-.-as.' .!...- n.it liv.- -iiy evidence .)f its existen.-e during the smnnirr r-

n« n rule. .v.:i .hiring the time we are dippincr, Ausu.st. September aii.M'

Th'- nuiuii. r ..f a.-tnal <-:is.-s ,.f mange is very sin.all. but ns Mr. IT.-rr. '
these (-atti*

rtiis

■ Ix-T.

nuiuli. r .'f a.-tiial <-:is.-s ot mange is very sm.an. oiu as .ur. ii.-i.oi,^ ... -. :'

are allow.-.l to go on into winter without being dipped, along in .T:i::ti(irT

^ 1

CO\\sKK\ATIOS OF THE HEALTH OF DOMESTIC AKlilALS

106

APPENDIX No. 2

or IMiniary or March the dusease develops just at the time when tlie animal needs
all ill ■ tksh it can hold, and we have a very scrioiw condition of affairs, such as that
will h took plact! in tlic wint<"r of 1903-4.

Of course I tind<Tstand, and Mr. Ilorron of course know.s tiiat I understand, tliat
iDinpulsory moa>uro.< are never populur. You ciinuot niiikc- for popularity whenever
v. M 1,11 a nuiu that he lias pit to do a icrtiiin tliiiif,'. particuliirly a w<'st<rii num. lie
..Ij. .ts to dipjiiiit,' his catth' unlc.<s he wauls to. \Vc have had to cxerci.-*:' a Rood deal
Pi jii I^Muent and pi)Iicy even to f^'t our work ailvaiicdl as far as wo havi' now. I am
!•■•■ .1 all I'oni-citcil alMuit our su<'ccs,j in the wist, Inil 1 fi-ci we have mu'lo some pro-
_'ii - ill tln' direction of .suppressing mange.

VAI.l K OK NolMllWEST ( ATTI.E liXIHUiT.

W'v arc not out of tli.' wood-, y. t, hut wc must U.-i\t in mind, that if we do not
>i;i :,' >>ut tills disease in Canada, we are runiiinf; the very serio\is risk of losing our
.1; r i.'.us export cattle trade. That is n trade which amounts now t<i fii>m 130,000 to

-'"' ht'ad per aiinuiu. Of that number tlu' west last year contrihiiterl, 1 think, some

■-' head; the ycwr iHd'ore only some ao.OOlt, and the year l.eforo tlwit some 32,000 or

;. :;,! eo. .Vjw, this simiily nutans that it is out of the ciucition that that lar>;e ejjport
I' -liniild he lo.-t, or evi a that its 1<js3 should U' risked hy iiermi'ting disease to con-
1. ; ■ <xist in the ranjr.' cnunlry. It means that llie iK'ople out th< re either li.-ive to
i • -line -.vstcmatie universal system of treating tlws' animals or they will hav.' to
!; ' out and coiiip •lle.l to cat all their own cattle, which woiilii In: a very .verious

• I iuiltw-d for western stock owners. We h.ive doii.' our lust under very <lit!ictdt
iMi-taiiees: it has not Ix-eii hy any means a picnic. It has not lusn a very pleasant
ri'iire. My mail fmin the time the eompul-ory order is nnnouneed each year

;l :iiiiio.st the same date next year i.s full of objections and of jirotists. and of
:i ■ from the different small owners in the west, and some larpe owners too who
r: inately object to having their cattle summarily dealt with. But wc have kept
.-, Iiavo not backeil down, we have foupht our way so far, and 1 am i)leas(>d to say
!!,\. had tlw approval of tlx- XW-stern Stock (Irowers' Association and of almast all

• :iiir orpanizations of similar character in the west. It is not a pleasant thiiifr.
\v. are doiiis- the best we can with it.

H'l Mr. h'rnnfih/:

•,» ilii'i that dii)piii^' process ever Wn explained to the committee, the method and
'leiiiis; I do n<it exactly understand it. I can understand sheep dipping, hut
^Pi'iuj,' is (litTcrent '.
A I have a idn'tc^j-Taph here which, with yeur iMTmis.<ion, T will pa.ss around. It

v.ii more alxait it than I could with a half ho>ir"s talk.

Mr llKlti!oN.-~The dcparttnent will re<piire ipiitc a staff of n:i n to deal with

•: ■ • n further if they continue the treatment of cattle and take iiroper jm-

: :,Minst the spread of mange, or rather to .-tamp nianpc out. With lhorou>.'hly

: V, teriiiaries in cliarge of the district and a staff of practical men, F think it

i: ' -iitiicient if tbcv would examine su.spicious cases, or places wh< re they hear

■':■■■ \< lik'Iy to be mange, or follow the round tip.s in that country, or something

.iiiil. and if tl>:' .-toek treated shows any signs of mange, that would be

■ ■ I'T till' vet.riMary. I think it is the general opinieu nf that country now

•. tt, uM Ik- .-iitKeicnt for the eradication of mange' in that country. As the

- : - -aid. it is inip<irtaiit for the Northwest and for tlii' rest of Canaila that

-' -lio\dd be dealt with in our country, and stam[v^l out, lx>cau.se I s<e it

' ■. "ry serious if the ^loekuien in the west would do anything to .stop the

I.'iO.OlH) head of cattle from the o|d(>r provinces. This luange qiiestion is

' i'rnm the standpoint of expen.se not to the Dominion government, but to the

little in our country, with the assistaiu'c of the staff and the remedies sup-

' •!• partment.

tlVi

tin

M.t
riri

(SI

111;!
Ir-
Uli!

(■V.

,' t

106

VETERINARY DIRECTOR OEKERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

Dr. KuTUEHFonu— la nply to Mr. llcrron, I would say Unit it Imd U. u my
desire to be pruk-iit at tlie mcctiiiu which was held yosl^Tdny iu Mik-'K^mI, tlir am. .,il
unvtiiig of tlic Stock (jrowcr'ti i\«sofiation, but owing to pressure of work li. v. 1
was pri'vcntod from going wwt. 1 have, howcvir. written U> tlk) aeerttury ..f i!,,.
Wi*.ciation, kying my view of the case before hin.. and a..k.ng for a resoUui.u r
series of rxsoUitioiis to be piu-eed by Uiat association for my guuhmc.', or at U ,,-i ;.,
as.-.i«t me in defining a policy for the coming season. Ab Mr. lI<Troii kn.pw-, it is
not a matter that one can .kvide off-liand. It is a very serious proiM.s.t.on, «1., !.
invohxs, as he says, an enormous expense to Uk! owners of cattle, a very gr,al ,1. ;,l
of wi>rk and troul.k', and sonw risk, and a man occupying my position has t.. 1. ca
ci^din^'ly careful and to use grt^at discretion before committing tlu' owners au.l I.
department t.i tli<' carrying out of so serious a policy ad that inv.dvcd m th,. .,.;„-
pulsnrv mange dipping. 1 do not wish this morning to expre-ss an .>lumui, ,„■ n
make any statement as to what Uie policy will be, but it will be the very be.n ihi; I
can figure out in the best interests of the people.

By Mr. Martin (W'ellinulon):

Q. About how much <b'es it cost per licad to dip the cattle?

A It varies very greatly. Some people claim they can dip for two cuiii i). r
hold We have a tariff which was decided upon by the ranchers themselves in tlu
various meetings for the dipping of cattle of other people, stray cattle or tl... , mu.'
of recalcitrant owner., or the cattle of owners who have not dipping vats et tl:e,r
own A rancher who owns a vat is eunwwered to make a charge of twcnty-tn. .■- n>
a head for each dip-that is, fifty c«nts-and where it is neces.sary to hold t .. ..i:.-
nulls for the second dipping to charge one dollar extra, making $l.oO. SiHak;,,-- a
tint I cannot refrain from nlating an incident illustrating the con.liti.ms in tl.at
cuntrv in eonneetiou with the carrying out of the compulsory dipping ord. r of
1901 'a friend of mine found 24 four-year-old stwrs which he had not .s^n > .:•
thev were calves. The cattle were taken up in each district and dipped, and yn m..:
understand stray cattle were .lippe*l also. These cattle were found at a c<>ns„l. r.l.o
distance from this man's range, they were dipped, and he was bilknl for $ ..^o , he,,!
for tlie n cattle. He was very angry, and thought some mistake had Ikvu iiu. ..
Tic went d.,wu to object and say they were not his cattle. When he got tl„r, b
found "i four-vear-old steers that lie had not 8cc-n since they were calv, <.. He
was very glad to' get fhom at $l.r.O apiew. That will give you an idea of the coiMui -i
wh<'re it is possible to have cattle out for four years without se-emg them.

}ti) the Ch'iinnin:

(.i I would like to ask the doctor if there is any mange in Manitoba or S;i
ewan The Ontario furnicr? are beginning to look thcie for stockers, ami it
be n live <iuestion for us to be certain wc arc not getting mange into our krd

\ There is practically no mange in Manitoba. We have had one or tu
isolit(d outbreak-s in cattle brought down. There is no mango in northern S;i
ewan and practieallv no.ie in northern Alberta. There is mange m .-
\lbt>rti i "o-l d.al of it. but it is mostly confined to the cattle on the ojh p.
Cattle' fr,.in the .listriet.. which are thi.'kly settle.l an- a.s a g<-noral rule tr
man-e The oulv ..utbre.aks of mange which we have had in Ont.irio have 1.
northwestirn cattle which had Ken Uught for fattening puriK.si-s, and I \l
b.ave foutid tb< ><■ trae-eable in every case to cattle brought from the mange i
area.

By Mr. Martin (]Ydlinoton) :

Q. Are these vatji built by the government!

-ka'cli-
\vn;iLl
; I

.. lit-:.-

-kat.'!.-
.'ithcr.i
r:r.:p ■
,■ !>'■';■.
■; fr m
li:k «•■
l;f,ct<tl

roSuKKVATlON Of TIIK Uh.M.lll or l)()Mi:sTIC WlM.il.H lOT

APPENDIX No. 2

A. No, tlicy aro built by tho owner* of tho cattle, cither singly or in company.
\Vl 1i;ivc n few dipping vats at the diffi-niit quurautino statioua along tho boundary
Liic. TIk'M', of cour<i«', aro coii»trui;t«.'J by tho department.

Ihj llir Chairman:

i}. If there is nothing fui^thor on this fiuhjoct the doctor niiRlit pro.'.ed with
hli !!■ X' tiiilijeet. Voii have woriK'lhinK to Riiy on hog cholera?
A. I liiive hog eliolera iiiid tiil'iTciilnsis.

i'hr ClIMUMAN. Whic'h Would the eoiiiinitte.' pref<T him to take up first?

SuMi: IfoNoi iiAiii.i; MKMiii.ii-. TulHTiMilosis.

■J lie WiT.NKss. -Very well, 1 will take up tulen-iilosls tii>t.

X

,.I 'I;

('..••!'

I!..:'. -

V . - , !

tiir-,-

.ll^i ■

n.iiv
,1...,.

t.';a:i

h

<r-.T.

TLIIEIICLLOSIS.

I rhangc has so far l.een made in the |)oliey of the flepartmcnt regarding twlior-
Cattle imporlid from the I'nited States for breeding puriKistvs or milk iiro-
I. if unneeonipaiiiiij l.y a satisfactory tuhe-rciilin test ehnrt signed by an oftiwr
I'liited States linniui of Animal Industry aro placed in quaruntino and
The sauM' rule is appli<d to cattli! of similar clauses imported from Mexico.
.'I' any kind coniin^r from other eo\intriea arc tested in quarantine. Tho anl-
mprising a few lu r Is which are placed entirely under the control and sui>er-
r n\ir olficers are also t«".-te<l hy and at the expense of the department. With
\.'. jit ions no testing with tuberculin is now undertaken officially, although it is
■ i free to c|ualified vcterimiriana when employed by owners of cattle, on con-
thai the nsiills of ail tests made by them arc sent in to the department on
-up[)li<(l for that punnxse.
;i coiisideralile nundier of instances advantage has been taken of this offer, as
• .-< . M from the fact that in the seventivn montlia which have elapsed since the
f my last report, 7,721 dos<\s of tuberculin have been issued from the bicdogical
:..ry.
iiiiiy !>e said, and witii some show of reason, that the jmlicy at present pursued
'!i partment in regard to this in.sidious and destructive di.s<>a.sc is le.<s active
I should be. Wliile admitting that appearance would so indicate, I would say
y nason for couns<dling the- policy of comparative inertia now being followed, is
far no satisfactory and intelligent method of dealing with bovine tuber.\ilf)>i.s
■ ;; < volved, aiul that I eonfiid(T it l>etter to await the rcssults of tho investigations
■'.'.rj condnct^'d hy scieiiti-'ts in different parts of the world, rather than to in-
•• n .anipaign along any of the various lines hitherto adopted, none of which
r \. 1 siiicc.<.sful, and almast all of which have l)een abandoned after a more or
r. trial of public patiemv and a corresponding drain on public qnd private

. tuberculin wa.s first introduced many communitiM have passed legislation

!:'-■ lis \ise, which after U'ing enforced for a longer or shorter period and caus-

' 'T less irritation and eons<vpient agitation, has in mast ens.-: he.n rei^ealed.

.- .'.tirely failed in ncconiidishing the object desired. If was thought for nuiny

1 hy some men who shouhl have known better, that if a herd nf cattk' was

■; ■ i< a "tors d<'.stroycd nn<l the premises disinfected, the di.sease was stamped

viicr Ixiiig left; therefore, to follow his own courses. As I have maintained

;> report.s, siir'li n theory is nbpoliit'ly wrong and i!utei!ab!(>. 'Ree.cafe.l es-

- have shown that from S to fiO day.s may elapfie after infection before it is

• . .htain from the animal a reaction t<i tulierculin. This l>eing the cas<>, it f;o<s

-;i,viiiL' that fnquent and repeat4^d tests are necessary Ix'fon' it is safe to pro-

T.. fi-,.ni tulierculosis any herd which has N'r-n once infected. For example, in

' :' I'M) .little, 2.') are found to react to the first test. In such a case the theory

lOB

V^:Tt:KISAIlf DIRECTOR OESEK.Al

•*i'

I.I

e EDWARD VII., A. 1906

was that iW 75 which diJ not nn.t won- iH!rfectly Kound and safe. It must bo nin, ui
berod, liowever, that thc«o 75 .atllo hnv« hwn living, imd that in probably v.ry , !„,.
contact witli tho '.'5 reactors, liniifr th<*o circuinwtaiKVH it in uhnost nrtaiii Ilia a
brcoiid t.-st in tline monlli^ will brin^ tx) light a nunilHT ..f cu.-'lm of tuU-rciihwis ulr, i,
Lad not d.'v. 1o|km1 at thi- time of tho first t.wt to a Hutti.iont cxt.-nt to pro.liicc a i. h
tion. Wo will sav. for the sako oi illustration, that thc«. case;* arc ten in niiinlm-
that the rirnainin« tl.". still fail to react. AKain, however, th.*' ti.'. animalH haw 1
in coutacf with tlu W now hliown to U- di-ieaiw-d, an.l further le:<t.s will bo reqi;
before the h.-rd can be finally <i.>elar<<l healthy. The same thiuK applies in the .•, .
Ii".v cattle purcha.-^ed to iill the plac-i of tlio.se shmKhtered or for other reason-.
t< .1 priod to iiureha.-e while to soim^ . xteni a safcTtiiard, d<H s not by any nieni!-
Btitule a liuaranlce of s..iini|n<!.s.s. Even wli.Te the sharp practice., followed bv ^
sellers have not l.'eii brounht into play, Aw newly purcba.s.Ml animal, if coniin.' t
jm infected le id, iiiu-'t be liKiked np'>n with ^u.-pieion until its frcMloni from t'.'
losis has bien proved by a scond 'ist three months after piirchas<>. This beiif
eas<' u is neee"ary, in order to pnvcnt the iniiwduction of infection, to isilni,
fiillv all nc wly imr.ha.sed eallle durin^C the jK-riod of probation. No one is inor • l,r
eonvin.eil than myself of tho value of t\dH>reulin as a .liajrniustie ajrent, but it i-
JM't t.. th.- limitation mention.Hl above, as we'.l a.s to s.-veral others, ainonsc \vhie1i

be mentioned the fraudulent method:, adopHsl by many owners to prevent th

nnee of a typical n-action. »

The (dd plan of injecting tul«Tc\din a few days In^fore the time fixed f r
test, and thn^ nullilyinjr the work of tho in^ixH-tiiiB veterinarian, was troiil i. -
and in some eases expeiiKivo. It has also now lar»f«dy lost iU value as an ai;. n >
eh- liiitf throin-di the discovery made by Professor Valle, of Alfort, that a re:M
is ... tuallv obtainable even where luherculin has been use.! only a short tine i
vious. pro\ided the takiin? of temiKraturcs is commenced two hours after uj. '
nn 1 eontinue.l until the usual time. It.s place has, however, bivn taken by t le in
more euniiiiic and not les.s disreputablo practice of ndministerin.u; one or ollar . ;
eoa! tar antipyretics combined, as a rule, for safety's .sake, with other druy^, l <
nnimals as are kn.iwn to bo tul« 'idon.s, or which l>v(?in to show a rise in I. :•
ture when uiidir^'oiiifr tSe test. It is scarcely possible to deceive an e.xperieiir.
wid«>awake inspector by this scheme, but comparatively easy to hiHxlwink th ■ u
iliarian who depends <ntiivly on hi.s tlM'rmometer and pliys no attention to tli. . !
oal symptoms which invariably accompany and acc»<i'.t\uite a marked re.; •

tuberculin.

While b. liivimr firmly in tulxrculin when honestly uscl as a dia(nio.-t:.
nnd for spe.itic and .i ■liuite purposes. I maintain that in consideration of tl.
poinir fact- ami id the many other difficulties to !.<■ encountered, it is lett. r :
until we aiv sure ..f aehievl..;,' reasonable results and so inaklnR some ju- u:
the eradication of tubcrculi^^is. U-foro wo decide upon any i.oliey whii'li w
volve universal or promiscuous testincr. Afeanwhilc. no effort diould be ,-]
induce owners of cattle to adopt every possible and reasonable means of e.vi,'
tie di<ea.-e bv practical common sense methods.

Th- liaii).' py-tem which is fdlowol by Senator Edwanis and .several of o ;
breeders, and wiiieli has fri.(piently b.-en fully descrilnvl. has much to recoiii!^
find >li..uld 1)0 more jrenc rally adopted than it i.s.

ill'
•'no

fT

.11

oil
■ r. ■

,.1 i;

Tin: THI F. liKMKDY lOR KTHnlCVTION OF TinKnrtr.DSis.

Within th.' rnnch of every man, lio^sewr, an.i at tli..:- l.'.wr.^t p.-.-^^ibie rr.~- ■■.vt-
los the !' ■' an.l not effective anent yet discovered for the eradication ot" \ 'en-u-
losis Of iiitiiiiiely f.m-'tf'" value than tul< rcnlin .and nnich more easy of a !H;:!i.-'r:i-
tion is a plentifni .-upply nf fresh air. If there is one matter to-day ie wl.i.'h
Tcterin.nrians are behind tho ago, it is that of failing tfl insist at all times, i:- > .-^^

.^««r».''':

w^^^mn

tzm.

ro.vsK«r.ir/o.v of the health or domestic axiuai i

AFl'LNDIX No. 2

108

glKl

UU'l
IK/

1" 1

t .

uiit of Kcueoii, on the iniportuneo to live stock of thorough ami cffcctivi' atjiblu
.1:11 inn. llaviiiK bcforf iw 'lio obj«-<;t Iimmoii ullor.lwl by tho iiicdi.'ui |.riifrs»ii,u

ill.' iimrv.^lloiis ruBullft wliii'h iu uiembt'M are lU'liit-viiiK by opcn-uir twatiiKtil,

•Illy lnlpiii./, but aoliuilly .■uriiitr .dvaiic^'d caw8 of tiibvrctilnniH, to say miiinu;,'
ii rkiiiK Iht: dinciLM', us it ii. vv (liiily doiio, ill itit early KLi^fcM, it is iiiitliiiiK .^liort
i-Krai'<tiil tiuit wc lire .vrarly |.( inittitiiff tlioiwaiwls of vnliiablc aiiiiiialw to l:cv.,iiie

i-il o.vtijj to tlic iiii.-.iiiilary roiiditioi, under wbich tiiiir owiu-rs iii-i^t on
iiiK ihiMu. Of tlK> Iriilli of tlii.- I'oiiU'iiti.ii, wliich is, |MTiia|«<, at tirst si)/lit,

r svK-" piiiK. tlii'PB m no biek of proof. In norlli. rii roiiijtriis wh.ro catllc aro
rally closely housed, and wluro a pro|K'r system o! vi iililalion w tho (■x.cption
iiMt the mil', wo almost iuvarinMy lind IkivIho tiii(«'rcnilosis riunpniit. In miMor
,,i.s where animals have f n <• lu ss to fresh air. a.s for instan<o amoni? tho

Old eattlo in Kntflaii.l, it i.^ a r.ire tliiiiK to find ii e.i.si- of that di»M'aK<'. On the
— tiiliereiilosi.< is unknown, exeepi where it hii.- Uvn introduced by some p;iM;-
i -table-bred individ i il, ami even such a one is more likely to recover than t>
I ;. vidid the malady ., not li far adv^ineed and the first winter can lx> endured,
the ea.»« plainly, stoekii, i are l,re<'diiiK tuberculasig n gnat deal faster
,Ji nenleet of his important .-,ubje<'t of ventilatioti than it would ever U- pos-

! . stamp it out by the promis<-uoua iix- of tuU-reulin and tho slauphter of

-I iinimals.

While holding tht*o vi.ws I am ke<-pin({ close watch on tho work of Von Uehring,

.'Ivcan. Thomas.sen. .Marmoreek and others in Kiiro[K', and Pearson, of remmyl-

I. who are devotinj? t' -mselvi's to the task of tindiiip Some new and more effective

I ..f .lealinn with the di«<'ase than ha.s y.t been made available. So far, in spiu>

i reports to the contrary, nothing has Ixx-n achieval by tlieir res, i relies which

. ill my opinion, warrant a change in our present attitude.

I ;inwhile I I'm, with th- approval of the Minister, carrying on two expi riii:ents
ihoii^di <'on,liictel at a very trifling cost, will, I hope, be pro-luctive of results

: -:d<'ral)le value to the stock owning public.

A VENTir.ATION' TE.ST.

1 i; • tiist, which is U'ing inanagcd by J. II. Grisdale, Agriculturi.st at t..o (Vnlral

' iiieiuil Kami, consi.sts iu the housing of a number of healthy <'attlo under con-

whieh, while affonling absolute protection from draughts, entire at all timi's a

■ 1 siijiply of pure air. The object sought is to det«-rmine whe'her or not tlio

iipeniture jjenerally insisted on by dairymen and cattle fe<>ders lias th<' effect

lieh it is u.snally crr<liteil, of maintaining a high^^r yield of milk in cows and a

iid laying on of (lesh in fattening stock than is the case when warmth' is to

- 1. Mt s.icriflced in the interests of vci;.ilation. Owing to the pxcoiitional niild-

ilie .Ma.son the conditions have been less favourable to the succfws of the ex-

t as n dcMionstration than would have been tho c.i.s,. in a normal Cnnadinn

As there is practically no outlay invrdved in this t.st, I hope that it will be

:.. eoiitiiiu" it for several suectssive years, ns the point at i.ssue is one of vital

::re to the dairymen and f<^'ders of the north, ru zmw.

AN OPEX AIR TREATMKNT.

-Moiid e.\pi>riment now in progress consi.sts in th, nlication ,,f i',,. principles

u air treatment to a number of cattle known to be affected wit' MitnTculosi.s,

' not in lin n.lvanced stage, with a view to ascertaining ^ . wh:ii . stent it ninv

'. 1.1 ,...re th.o maladv. or. .-it le."..".?, in e!:ecU it= r.'--..-=-T,-i= T! , •,. ,

I ' .-it^-^. ' ... . ,.e""oIiitv lo

\u< exp. rimont at a slight expen.se was fiirnishoil by the ;, action to tuber-

1 . ..nsi.lerable number of tJie cattle kept on the experimental f.irm at Nappan

:i^i. wh.'U tested in Octols^r last. As these animals, l)eing th, prop, rfy „f ^

-lliuti.m. would, under .irdinary circunistan.e.s, have l>een d.'Stroyed. 1 'innght

\\r\

■ i

II

uo

YETKRINARY DIRKVTOR UESKR.iL

e EDWARD VII., A 190«

tlie opportunity for acquirinpr knowUxJgo in thia way too valuabli" to K: n« tiln t..!, uiil
thiy won-, therefor.', at my n-<iiK-at, nnd with tho full iippr.ival of the ininiHtcr, Iran-
ferncl to this brua.h by tht- dinrUir of rxperimetitul fiirms. All thoiw showiin; oi-
tkiice of bniikiiitr down woro kiil«l, 40 hen.l in nil U-\nn n-tiiimHl fi>r . xiHTJii,. ;! ,1
piiriMi^es. Of then.', ^'M have naete<l to tuU-reurm. whil*- tho rrmaininj,' li' nr. t . v.W
tipp. iirmiif.^ free fr.iiii <li«en!<e. All. ho*'ovor, nro \<c\un ki^pt toifether, it Uiiiir i|. -i:, i,
niiioiiK other thiiiK^, to obtnin inforiiuitioii ns to tho probiibility of iufectii-ii by c. iii.,*
under <TiN-M air ei.nditioiiK. The iininuils have pimmtl the winU^r in a yard iit N i| i :in,
their only proteetion frcin wind and weather beini? a shcxl ojK'n at all liine><. 'Hi. \ ,1.

not npiH'nr to have xufTere.l from exposure, tho only ck-ath rcport.^d havinir • ir. 1

within n few hours of dehciruinir. an .>i)oriition whieh wan o.tiuiid* id ndvi-.il I in
onbr U> prevent the nninials injnrinjf and anuoyinff eai'h other.

It is my iiitenlifiu. as soon b« 1 ean fii'eure nuitable premises, to brinn tbi - ai.i-
nials to the vieinity of Ottawa, where the opportunities for elooo olwervntinn u 1! K
nnieh (.Tc iitcr nml the n'sults pyiKTrtlly more satisfaetory.

The hi;.diest iiM illial authorities arc now-a-day« advisimr. and with the vi r- li •
nMilts. our nio<l. Ill hothoii-^" humanity to pet ' oloner to nature' in every |. - ill,
wn.v. The ndviiMtap .> of adoptinor a similar poliey in the hnndlinK ami li'ii- - . f
doinestie iiniinal.s are too appar«Mit to admit of di!teuft*ion. Nature has fiirni-iH ! • ;r
animal friemls with every poneeivablo reipii.slto for proteeti.ui avaiu.-'t or !1; n
elimatie eonditions. and most of the di*'as<s anil disabilities to whieh they m .. i! •
jret have loon eaused by. and owe their eontinuaneo to. tho irrational, niiiir'n!
eonditioi.s inipo.s<il upon them by well mr.nninir. but isnorant, or ratk.T uiitliiil.i! _•
owners and attomlants.

. J

:.*1

AMMAL VITAL STATISTIrS.

From XovemUr 1, l'.>04, to OetoWr 31, I'.HI.'i, 8110 enttlo were te.sted f.>r
■IS of which r^'iKted, f< were elassed a.s suspieiou-s. and Mi siieeessfully witli-l
t(St. Ill" e:itlle were teste<i on beiuR imported into Camida, S (>f which reiu '
1,".!» jiroMcl hcaltliy. K-20 eattl<' wire tested by private praetitiimers with liil'
supplied by this di partment, UK! of which reactiil, IT were classed as suspi. i.,
7i 0 prov<d to lit' lua'.tliy.

.Ml na.tiut.' animals \v<'r<' pernuinently earmarked by a veterinary iii.-in. t

Xovemlier 1, l!«i.'>— March 31, liKW. <!l':> cattle were tested for t xport.
which riactiil, and t.^ were class<-d as suspicious. .'.'^7 thu.s .suceessfuUv willi-:
tlic test. 10 cattli^ were t.'sKd on lH>in(T imported into Canada, of which on'
.netcd. the. other !t proviuK healthy. 420 eattle were tested throUKluuit the Dm
by I'rivalc piactilioiu rs with the tiilxrciilin supidii'd by tho department. .'!S .!
nai led. l.'i were classed a.s suspicious, and ;!(>" pr<n-ed healthy.

With reu'ard to this peiieral lestinjr, it must be l>orn<' in mind that, in n
not all. cases, tlu' existence of tuU'reulosia ii! suspe<-loil in a herd Uforc tu!
i, ;ipplie(l for. thus tile projxirtion of reactors is naturally much larp r tiLMi
be obtained ffoni indiscriminate- testiiifr.

. 1 r 1

1 ■-•

i;iii;.'n

Ihi Ml. I.' irix :

Q. Yi'ii were speakiufT about ventilation of stables. Can you pivo u? any i' fm ■
tion about that ?

.\. 1 nave a ryne!:: :■: ■.-.i; ••''•' "u.-Tt ,- .,.• ..,..■.< -.. .. , - -

nfcrred to out at the farm. It is also iH'intr adopted in al! biiildinps that ar. K iri:
put up in ei.nneetion with my branch, ft is a systi in whieh T diseoverp<l niv-. l-a
iiundK'r of years apo. T have used it at my own stables, and it has ene great ailantrA
over every other system I have ever known, nami'ly, that it work«.

T^ ■*■ III- ^<VTK

rOWsHRVATlDS nr Tin: IIKKITH of lUt\lKsllC AMU.ll.H

111

APPENDIX No. 2

Q. Clin you i|i wrilx' it ? Cuii iiny one ui«o it f

A. It in not |nit.".(c,| nt all, I iitn only too kIbiI to let nny one Wf it llint v.nnt«

I <-iuilil iU»cril«> it, liiit I

woiiM rMiJi. r not Imcuusc it is iliflicult t.i Jo so, (itlbunil.

to.

Ill/ Mr. Mm tin (W.lliiiglnn):

Q. Any on <ciin (*o<i it tlw re nt iIm^ farm?

A. \rH, it is in u*' in two Htnlilin nml in tli<' l)iiil(liiij,M at the liilM.riitnry tli<ri>.
w.MiM rathi'r not iilliniiit to d. siTil«. it olTliiiticJ. l.criuHc tho ddS.Tiption woul.l U- ii

iiiit.' mill sonu' iniiMirliint pointM niit^it be oniilli-<l or
/.'// Mr. I..

inauflicii'ntly lro;ij,'hi out.

Q. Could yoii iiltiicli n drscription of it to this nport ?
A. ^'(■•', 1 iiil).'lii do tluit.

/.'// Mr. M'irlin ( W'rllinijlon) :

(). Ih it Very iX|)ill-iivi' ',

\. N'o. it i-i MTy cticnp.

i). It inif-'lit ho put in a ham th:>t !.•< Hlrciulv tTPftcd J

A. V.s.

/.'// Mr. Wri'ilil (Mii.th-(,hi):

''an you n\w us a iMit of it in your nport ?

I ran if >oti .UT not in a hurry for it. .hisl to jrivp nn illustration of tho diffi-
t d<■^.•rihiu^r it otilmnd. I niijrlit luiutii.n ti.at a »;cntliniun at the AKriculturnl

wrote aJHiut tin - system of mine a niniih<r of years at'o. He wrote to nic nskinjr
■ ruuition, and 1 wrote ^riviuK hiiu a very full and accurate deseriptiou of it, and
isli.-d an account of it in the Farmiwi World, aoccMUiianied hy cuts which he

lia.l mad ■ in which everything was shown upside down, and 1 do not think the
as he pidili.shed it would ventilate anythinj.'.
It is pa>it the e\|M'rinu'utal Rt:.>re now, it i.s i

Yes, I useil it in my own .stahli's for 1.' years, and wli. rever it has been used
M-en successful.

llii Mr. Chislitilin (Aiili'jmii.sh) :

(^ Has it been very Kenerally us«'d ?

A. I have never advertised it. it has been a sort <if prailiial jiroci ss.

(^ Tiic |icr-ons usinj; it nt th" experimental farm can make a succ( s.s of it. you
I whether they have or not i

A. 1 miulit say that Mr. Crisdal.^ at tho exjv riineutal farm, when he first saw it,
i'.: i iint think it was ela')oratc enocxh ; it is painfully simple, hut now Jfr. firi.sdalp

1 1"' ';' til' conclusion that it is all ripht and. I think, testified to that effect b< foro

' 'I iiiitlce last year.

*). Is it a .-y-li'in of natural drauKht -a forced draiij.'ht ?

A. It IS ah>ohilelv natural.

A.

t

llll'c

h

piM

kl-

.-.it

s.

'■III

Q-

A.

it

...^ 1

I! II Mr. Wrii/Jil I .][iisk-()l-a) .■

>>■ fan this U' s.f.^ly u.^cd in ordinary stal.ks? I suppose it will have some el'.ct
■ ih t.iuiMTatiire at which the stable is kept, that is ordinary sraMes. Would it
'T't the!u by lowerinp tho tenii>erature in an ordinary farm build!ll^' to n suffi-
" extent to make it undesirable.

7PA.

112

TETERlffARY DIRECTOR JESERAL

IP %

m

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

A. I 8UP1.OS0 there is nothing for it but to go into the qu.-stion The iJcas of tho
ordinary farn.or nu.l sto.khol.lcr of tho proper temperature for a stable rc.ju.re. in mv
opinion, v.rv eonsi.leral.le revision. A great n.any dairymen and a grc-at many cattle
fir. think that unless tlu.y can keep the stable to (10 or 70° in any weather they ar,.
going to he heavv lo..rs, the .lairyn.en in the How of m.lk obtained an.l the eattle n„ ,,
fu tlu. Ilesh fonning proelivities of the animal. Well, this room hers ,s a very large nn.l
a very loftv roo.n. and it is very mueh In^ter construeted than the ordinary Mabl,
that L to sMv th.n. are fewer ordinary ajHTtures. „nint..nt,.,nal apertures, than wn,M
bo foun.l in Ih . .iv.r.ge stable. 1 would like to ask any men.b.r ot tins eo.nm.ttee. .,1 , .
Chairnu.n. what sort of an atmosph. re he would be breathmg .f he orm. 1 one „ „
suilieient number of men put int.. this room on a wu.ter day "^^^'^'.'^'^ ^''~:'
was in the neiKl.lH.urhood of zero, widiout art.hend h..at of any ! -.d, to nuuntan, 1.
temperature of this roo.n at 70^ Now. that is exaetly what .s hnp,H-n.ng n. the onbn
arv slabb-. It is nothing nnu.ual when the ther.nometer ,s away hd.nv /.ero. to h,,.
"tables without any artificial h.-at whatev.T. at a t.-nu-rature of .()> 1 he annuals n.
that stable are breathing nnd r.^bn-athing an atm...phere abso utely .n.les.T.able. 1 1,:,
is what is going on, and the object of that ex,H-ri.nent to wduch I have alrea.ly refern .
; >, .how th,;; it U ,H,ssiWe prolltaWy to keep the annuals free from exposure ,■
draughts, but at the s..nu tin.e with a pl.utiful .supply o pure a.r. Ihe system win. !
1 hn.. diseoven.l is practically antonuUie, it works exactly on the pr.ne.p le of a s ;.,
,kin.' into eonsi.leratio,, that the source of the beat consists of the annual ,.mann ....
, - and the Hr>t necessity is a chimney. As the air hi the stable becon.es fou! ,. ! .
,.!„„es war.u and it ascends to the ceiling where it is taken ..tT by the ch.mn..y. N. v
,1,,. onliuarv aivhiteet who has been empb.yed in ih, ...nstruct.ou of dwelling hou~,
,vill ,..]1 vou that foul air is lu-avior than pur., air au.l that, to ventilaU, pnyrly. tb.
l,,„.r shoul.1 b,. tak.Mi ..tl at the £lo..r. H,. is .piite right, foul a.r .s heavier than ,,,,.
r iu that case, becau.se you have nrtifl.Mal lu.at, an.l tli.. fou air will fall to , .

ll if a i.leutiful supply of pure warm air is iutroduc- 1 into the ro.„n. Hu u, a

..,1,1,- vou bav,. uo artificial heat an.l eons, .pi.ully as the air gets foul it g..ts w:n:
:„„| .i -.s aiul it pn.sses „ut through this chimiu.y. A partial va.^uun. is cr..,t...l .i, :
.,,1,1,'. ■,v'tb.. lur going out. and nature, as we all know. nbh..rs a vacuum. f y.,u 1,
„:, otb.r opening in the stable as is to often th.- case a crtain .nm.u.ut of hot an- v ; !
„,.. „ut thfuudi the ventilat<.r, an.l th.^n for a certain tlm.^ there will 1... a b. ,,!
I.'.wu ..f C..1.1 mr t.. take its phuv beb.w whi.-h enates a disagr.Mabl.. .lown .Ira.uln ,
, „lv unh.;dtbv l,ut ..pp..s..l to the .oun.l principle of y.ntilation, that the .-utl.t . '
1„ .\lw,vs ;„. outbt. and an inlet must always Ih. an inb-n If at any time an ,.
lK.,v,ni.^s an .mtl.-t ,.r an .n.tlet b.romes an ink't. y.^ur ventilatum is out ,.f ..r,!. ,
, i. n.'.t to be r,li..l on. Having our flow ..f foul air start.'.l through th.. .bunu. .
vut to pn.vid.. a m.^ans to bring in pur., air to take its plice. I hat is .1..,,,. 1
..Iries of what mi«ht be t..rm..d ' 11 ' pi,H.s. in tl... old cumtry th.sc puHs ar. r
oxt.-nsivelv for vari..us purposes but they are hard to get in this c.u.ntry and .1

,.|. i. v.:rv W..11 tak--.. by a w l.t. b..x. ^\ .- will suppos.. by way .,f illus rat,...,

'\ i. the wall of the stabl.. a.,.l H 'h,. fne.n.lati.u.. V. i.s the tl....r lev,.], ) .s t .<• l..x ^ ^
t!.< ,lown from the o,.tsid... a.al .■.■»,. s „,, „n the insi.le. flie .1. ,.,H.r th. bett.r b. .
U,.,... is less t..n,b.n.-y to l>e iullu-..., ,1 by wit.d pr..s.ur.. lh.T..f.,n. bss l,.,..),,.
,1,. .„„1 tb.. ..ir is slid.llv warm.'.l ;s it -•„,, thmngb the .s.ul. On tl,.. ..ut-, ■

;S'S ,; :' ;!;;..;:: t^s,,,..- i,as to u. r,...u,„.d with, it is ..ft..,, a,ivisaM.. ,, bn,. .

, ,.,. a.aiuM .1... wall, putting a lift!.. b..ard ,.n tl... top. an. ' n ug fbe „,-,.. : ■
.- .,, . ....rtain .lista...... up, so thai tb,. inr ..at, get Mw,..-.. tb.- ou.M.ug at„l tl,.

A-'tbe f.nd air is t.ak..,. .-tf fr-.u. tb.. i„-i.!.. by the ..lutntey. tbe pun- a.r ,s ,-.,1.
t, gh t ..-. Pip.-s wbi,-b .^IwH.ld. i.. tb. Ir ,.,.tubin...l -hanteter. b.. a Itt.le b.r..-
,\tf th.. chin,n.y. so as to .naketbe pr,„..ss ntore gra.h.al at tl... ... akcs ,ban

the outUt. 15y thismeth.Hl the n.r .s .stuked m, tb.r.. an no draughts. ,!„. ^, >•
IT t -u.l 1). ■ pn,ee.s.s is reallv aufomati... The ,,M„..ig ,u tl... fl.M.r .. prot..i.
1^!-.'.', ■'•T-'tiif vhieh may be eounter.sut.k .wd left n.ovabb. to a.lt.ut of rl ■ < -.

C0X8ERTATI0K OF TBB BEALTB OF DOUESTIC .4.V/J/.1M

lis

APPENDIX No. 2

tlie i>ii)c. Wo will liavo tlic nlijcction taken by some goutlonuii that

ll;f ti inpcriituro of the stnblc too niiich. Well, that is quite tnu' in vi

.111. I that worrii'd mo for a whih* nt first, until 1 struck llw i.tra ..f a Inn is <i

\\\v st.ivo pii)c' ail ' J !>ut a (laiii|)or in my chinmey, tnntr.ill( d liy ,i.nU iimuKlit down at

you nuiy rtuucu
13 quite tnu' in viry < oM wcallivr,
aniiMT in

sid

^Ullpi•^l

II have a stable with 10 aiiinial.s in it. and

you want to turn out

'.'■'■J it them, and Ir.. • five in. With only live aninuds you ilo not ret|uiro the air in tlu-
sliihii- to 1k' ohi'iic* , with anything like the same r.ipidity a^ you woid.l for forty
liijiald. You liuii partially .■l,k-,e your iljimi>er, and liie air do<« i .,t jfo <iut »<i fast,
it eonie. in so fa.sU If you arc leaving one aninn'l 'n the stable and it

A it d(H>s

is intended for forty, it doe^ not reiiuire any partieidar chanw ''f air. and you eai

the d

anip<T allot;, ther, ami the remarkable lliinj.' and tlx. Unt fi

.-v-.tiiii of Vtiililation is tli.it whniever you elosc the d

eatiire alHiu

t th

I'll' in

take

Tlial

ainper, you niitoinatieally stop
isexMitly on the same prineipli; as the kiteheii stove, when vou turn

1 nk the damper in the pi|n vou will tiiid there is no drau-lit in front

It all.

i>ll in n moineiit when the da!n|)er is close<l, you eaii hold .voiir hand over tln' intak<

find that they an' clo-i'd als

1 1

lave .seen inysi'lf in the I'liiteil SLiIi^s.

I in Scotland eH|«H-i:iily. where p<HipIe are Renerally nii.re intelligent tli;
n^'ard to .such mattcr.s. f have si^i'ti lonj; rows of little ibKirs,

l^!l^d 1'
«'Li<'whi

tl 1

it tiM)k n sfroiii,' man to manipulate, in order to shut otT intjxkes U-h
IMcr never thought of simply >hiittin>r the one above, but that is all that

ly a levi r

top this system of viiitilatioii from wo

rkiiig.

Til.
is require.

A SYSTEM OF VENTILATION

FOR STABLES
DESIGNED an:) PLACI!D IN PRACTICAI. OPERATION IN 1892

/i.V Mr. Mirtm :

'.' i»" .\"ii not till! th. dr;iuclit till up willi hoar fm-l ?
\. Ill til.' rliiiiiiiey, yes. lh:it iji to be iivnidid by pultiii.,' a palv.Tni'c I pip,, in.sj.i,.

t

11 l».x, atnl iKii'kiiiK in a-oiiiid it wilh straw .>r . h;,:Tor ^mii lii iiir "f tb.u mil lire
prevent the c.dil .strikinur the metal, but in v.ry >. vere Weather il will affi<-t
ir til >.iiiH' extent, you cannot pet over it aItoj;etiier.

.'. I

:ii

m \

114

TBTERINARY DIRECTOR OEXERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

7?,/ Mr. ^Yn,Jht:

Q. Woul.l you object to putting tliat system of ventilation in the CV.nun .,-.a
clmnil vr; it will be nit* to have it here?

Mr \Vm.s...-I think this is oik) of the most iniportuut things that wo huNc
l..„l iVtW,. us. .s,M.MHlly iw Dr. Kutherford ha^ tak.M. up the question of tuU^nuluM.
I aL-r.,. v,ry ..r„ V'l.v w.ti. him, from i-raeticul exiKricnce. that one of the me,u,s of
k. T.lng tulH..n.„l...M:fr„„, our animals is to look after the ve.jt.latu.n of the staU -,
1 lav. Uvn talking' for .on.e time at in.stitutc mc.fngs of the want of ventilaU^u
an n...r.. light. There is not enough light and air in the stables, tins >s a Mm,!.'
,v. ..,u of ventilation an.l is a goo.l one. People have a, o,,to.l .n -";«;•«-- "-;
,,.ry .-on.pli.a.-l .v.... n.s. but they are lu.r,l to ...stall a...l th..,k that 1"";- ' '
th.y want. I mh.v- th^t Dr. Uutherforda description of the ventilation sy.t. m. 1.
atlaclinl ti. bi- artirU' ...i tiilerculosis.

till Mr. Murtin ( \\\liin<jton):

O I iVvl that l\n< «b..l.. sysUMU of ventilation will be a failure, beeauso the
iro-t will interf-ro. 1 have tri,.! that several times. Have you had any troubl, .n
JvnU'lown . n.l.r the fou..dation.s to bring in the air Where tli.. loundat.ons :,rc
il .,. II i.- ralb.r a dillkiilt matter to get under lt{

A. \V1. r,. thv fnun.latiu.ita are too d.ep you ean eut right through tli.m.

Ha Mr. Wri.jht.

and
the
you
will
ehi!
cliii

(. I) „ . iL, . himn. V p, through the roof or dovs it pass out at the side?

\ ill,. ,.l,j,vi of running it out through the roof Ls U. have it l.k,- a ei.imn. y.
i,,; „„:|,in,. ,.an mterfer.. with th. draught. If you run it out through thr s,.!..-,
„ ,1,.. „i,„i ,. in that (luarter, if u Ls run straight out, tl». wind will blow d..» .

u will ~l.ui .tf tho v.ntilalion at on.^'. Whenever the n.r Ug.ns U. eon.o d-.:,
.•hinui.v it i~ just lik.- a smoking tinpla.v. it stoi« ventilation, llien a«ai„ :t

run it 'nut and up tl,.. .ide of the building you know that tlu' ordinary .hnu.,. >

sn,..k.. wh. u tho wind is in a cvr.ain direction. Tins n.u-t be exa^-tly hk. a

„„.y. 1 u..- lb.' word .•himn.y advi»e.lly, it must hav a~ g I a draught a- a

,,11,-y, .-.. tliat it will always draw up.

l!,i Mi: /.. h/v;

ly j, tl„r.. any ditb ;■■ n-v Utw.cii a sVmc mid frame stabh' in ngard to t„!

""'"".v'l ,1.. !.■ l.itik t'uTr is prcvid-.l tliero is a plentiful supply of pur- air r.

tl... .-Mb!.- 1- k'l'' 'ii-y- >, ■ ,

(J. Th.ro I, at, id. a that a >t..M.- Maldo is damp «

\ So it i^ a> .1 rulr, and b.r tlu- samo reason that I have just mentionnl. ,
«il| aiwav- lla^v It a damp and stalo and foul pla-e unless you have a pi. n: :

^„,„,1.. ..I ,,.„•. air < ni^: in to taU.- tl,.- pla.v oi tlu- foul air gmng out. 1 1 ;•

1 ', M-ib',' <'io-.l u] -o that til.- atm.-ph.re lHv..inis moist and .lamp it i> a i

'■','' r to'.-all it air, I'.,.!, r tb. ^' .•ou.bt,..„.s di.s.'a^.' tbuiri.^lu^s. but wb.ai stabl. -
; , I li,,!,, ,1,,,.,. 1, V. rv littl,. ..f it. Wb.h 1 tir.t put that systrm in my ..o

''::,,;: 1;:,; n. 10.1., a. nd . nU. 1 ha,l 1 a, fhe .,th..r -ml, th,. ,bn, :

I ■ . ;„ ,1„. .■■ „tr,- 'lb.- .ti.l VMlboiit iiitak.s ua.- .lamp all the Imu'. the air v
o" ',d~i.-. of ,..„>.-. in Manitoba «b.T.- 1 liv.-.l it i- , x,-.-..lingly e<,bl in wmt.r.
*"""()' I'.ut it ua- not .lamp ub.T.. th.' intaU.. was ^ ,, • ,■ i

\ N.. an.l .1- -o,,n as 1 pat in intak.'S at ih.^ ..th'r end of th.' stabk- it .In., I
one- and I Ittd la. furtli. r tn.uble.

ut

V0\3ERVATW\ OF TUB UEALTU OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS

US

APPENDIX No. 2

liy Mr. Martin (Welling f on):

Q. Yoa bad no troublo with ventilation of your chiinnoy ?

A. WlioM it pot down to forty or forty-fivo dogreos liclow zero nnd tlioro wore fpw
nnimala in tlio stable, then.' would be a tendency, on the part cf the men especially,
tf. pidl th" damp<>r drnvn pretty close, and sometimes under those cond-tion.s we would
have a poiid di al of condensation in the ehiinney.

II !l Mr. W rigid (Mii.yl.-ohj) :

Q. What size would you make the ehininey ?

A. It deiH'nds entirely >ipon llw size of the stable and die air-spaee allo'vcd to
rnch animal. One on tin- farm is, 1 thii k. about two feet i:i diametc r, we have some
twenty animals in the stabl(>.

/)'// Mr. SiJiell ((ll( iii/iirrii) :
Q. You could indii'iite what perccntafte of size

he chimuev is nec( ssarv in

c miii^irison with the size of tlw building ;

A. The size naturally varies with the iiir

Mal.l,'

ipae(

die

•d f.

or eaeli animal in n

As I told you, Mr. ("hairmiui, I did not want to address the eommitti

tlr- subject be<'aus(? I had not i>repared iinytbinp, and liave no ti^ui'es with

tellitifr you my views of it, ntnl what I liav.-

I

f'lf ,

(,). T

lere is one

lidiiit, th<' (lui'stioii (if tlie 'I'' pipes, which 1 think i:' 'la most

ip'Ttant of the whole tbin(j so far a~ I'he admittiiiff of pure air and preventinir

lr.iui.'lit e

concerned as compand with striiijrhl piites

.\. It i.s iinporiant. liut tla
th

■the

i|ually important fu.' this

t;r-i jdojited this system I ^ot the idea of the ' l" ' jiipes from an EnKlishm.-in wh
iitry aliout 1S!>0, he was a very inlclli;.'-<'nt man name(l '.ViumI, wli

When I

fa

•le^^atf

It

he \vl

lo pave me the idea of the ' V ' ]

iipe>

i!l 'iiintry stables, in nil horse stable.s. nnd in a preat many cattle stables, tin
-Mild iipninst the wall, and the dciors are in the wall Ix^lilnd them, nnd he told

:ii Ihi"

his ' V ' pipes behind the horses under the v all. and his outl

me

liiat

iiiii

in till-, set in the wa

ets ccuisisliu"

dl.

t:ii

an

1 1

■ \V!l;

It the

le rc|
itilati

one above (
.lied, 'to t!
ion when th ■

ch liorsi
West.' i

hi ad. I said : ' Wliiidi v.

\y (Iocs v'lur

f 1

dl

eet aripht, aial 1 said to h

d Is in the west or northwest.

He

d

■! uh,

• u strike tlien, I cannot ilo .inytbinp with it.' My reply was. ■ 1 thmipht so

I 1 (pan to put up my staM

that idea 1 pot [lartly over that difficulty b,v

adjustable louvres. I had a shaft S feet bv 4 feet, lined with

top I put iu adjustable

alvanizi-Hl iron.

i-res wliich 1 could el

T

!i '•'!! <i(le and

ither (>n the south

Wj

lere was one on the

the

iiith

1 was in the n.irfh I could open

llle III

dlt li

d it werked all ripht. as loiip ns the wind did not cLaiip( . but if, s

ay

I'l! III. rill Icini'i
1 dead, a. I c.iu

Ted SO that it struck (Ui the south side ..f ihe biiildinp.

•(1 and tlie south 1

d tell the moment I

oiivre was open.

tl

it into the stable

le ventilatio.T

--i-t.iih'

e m the morninu

1th-

roio liiv eV(is.

i.>. And ill- animals

tell

\. W.

tji<

mtt

;av niivtiiin

'tiiiiiiiev am
iiiiip i-i after all. iu spit.' (.f the feet that if is a phi

p but probably they knew it all ripht. That w
ther plan, and I put

•r.ilile. and 1 tin n iii.iile nj iir. miii.l I would try

it was then 1 tboiiplit of the damper. Just to show v.m 1

ihiell ,1.

■.~ not ri (pure iiiiK

h le

lelieate
plain, simple, easily nnd(Tt.tood

-haft wlileh I ha'.i meiilioned. tiii

after, I will nienti

feati:

In

and >traw, ami it' at any time one of tl

er, wen^ two doors, in the side, for piittinp

lese doors was

left

h.' noiiKii

t I

till it till moini III you went into the stalile. I used

oiK'H, even a couple

it iii<o the stable in tl

to say to ni.v

le moriunp, 'you have one

.f tl

lose doors

116

I f,77.7.'/.v.i/.'r itiinxiitu <;K\i:i;\L

6 EDWARD Vll., A. 19Ci)

oiif I'f lliiin an inch i)r s(

I won. I wiilk ovrr nnil look up iunl

i\Wv iMlliU!

.(wn. liiivinj; nn (>|Hiiiiip iiitn llif |o

:li tluTf \vnl.l
hilt oiKriiliil li

Ilk in thi' i-hiiniicy. ami was . non

pli to (Ipstni;. tile uixlraiinht whidi nally i-- iii^i

live of thi> w'holo tiling'.

I'lii' ■ I' ' pii

>c-i arr vi-T.v ii'<

fonl air an.l k".-|i lli^ • I' " pi]H- .vorkinf liroiH-rly, y
they arc no jxoo.l witliout it.

,1. I. lit in or Icr lo carry olT
iM ha\c the iiinir

ii

l:., Mr. Walsh

1 wo, .1.1 li

■fen nc(» to the vcnlilalion an

1 also in rrfiTr

(I. 1 wo.iM lil.r to a-k ihi-J m r-
lo ilu- h. allh of the aai:i.al-.. 1 ha.l a livery stahlc wla ro ih. re \v:w hay ahovc :iu.,
nuMeMT of iiorv; mil. ria-iith. an.l I woiiM like to a^k whellier llie persiiiratioii
ill- aiiinial.- a-.-eiioiiiL' will ii.jm-e the hay ?

A 1 think !t i^ \. rv imp.. nam that tliere slionhl le iio eoiiinniiii<'ation what. '
hetw'.'i til,- aniniaU aii.l'ti;eir loo,l supply in store. Vou tak.- the ....iiditions coin. ,-..
wit>. iiilineii/a an.l s'imuhL -. .•...i.liti..!i> which we wen- .iiscussir- llic ..ih.T .lay. ,.
with jji.i.l.rs. wli.T.. li aiiiiiiil is ex|.lriiiK ininiit.. ].arlieles wliich are heiii;r .'an
\ip l.v ill.' ..nrr.iit .f u:;ri.i air. ami wlii.h t;"ii"t-' "I' throiiwh. anil s.lllitif: on that 1
ar.. iui ;ii..iis aiai lia'.ie I.i spr. a.| iliscas..; not only that it injur.... tlr- f...i.l.T as i',
hfMM.:^. It has a liii.l. ii. y to can-.- ni..iil.i. I think it is ii-i.Ttaiil liiat there sh..i;!.i '
al.-oliil. iv no .■..iiiiinnii..all..n 1 .Iwi.en the stahic an.l th.' !..l't ah..ve. cxc.-pt such as ,
ho al.s .liil.ly e .iilr..!l..!.

y;.,. .1//. .l/.'n'./i . \Vrl!h;.,l n,):
{}. v.. II .1.. !i..t think th. IV is any .l.in;,'.T ..f il^ pis-iiitr thr.iuiih th.' ..r.l

i!..or ;

.\. N,.t flin.u-h a jr 1 ll.'or, hm 1 ililnk a iL-r ..t t'.ai kiii.l -li .u

.1 1... t,.n:.

an.l trroove.t.

l^. li,.:il.l,. l-m.-h ll...>r ;

.\. V,.-. it' with l.r..k. 11 .i..iiils. I am a .:r..ir^ a. Iv. ..■:.!.■ .'f ih.' im'...>-t '.i.-.- .•:

,;i, |,,... I„.iu,-,.n ill., -tal.l.. an.l lli l..l'l. 1... :ni- • - imi.- .^..llr I.i: v t- 1 :r..

til. I, V...I ..Mil hav.. ,..i;,l.ii-..ti..i;. 11.. ill 111. r v,l,: t -.rt ..; Miitilati..!. y.ii ma,-, iia...-
.,,.,. aim .-t l..m..l t.. li;^.- a .-..rtaiii am.. mil ..f c..ii.l n-ili..ii i l' ih.'i''- i- a ...II

will....it .111 :Mr .pa.... aL.ve ll... li...--. iry..a,.ai ll ilail.liia. ii li.Mp- i he x . : •

t:..|i In:... -1.1 .'i-ly P.i- lli- r...:...ii I h-v.' alr.a.ly n.ii'..m..l an.l L-r aia'tlar ..il . u.ii
til 11 1.. i.v. ,
h:mL:s lii r
. Iiimti. '■•.

•Ii. i -i-t- ihiT.. i.- aiua-.. .1 .'U-ir. 11 ..i .l.a.l l'..ii! air. v.i.i. ii n -a;. in- li
;i„.;-, ,, ;. ihr h, I i.i in:.; i- ...-i!...! '!:■ i-.. is a lin.' -iia.U i;..w ..|' :ir '

(,». Wli. •

\. I ll:ll

liiirh .-n. -1:.
allli..ii-:li 1 I"
;.s a mait.-r .

,-i.|i r a .-I

,1,1,. .li,,iil.l l... k.pl ii

II- i.oinl. I think tliiriy-lw.. ;.. f.-rl-. .1

li ■ 1,

,i-,iina-\' '■ -m

111 .1 w i!h I'Ui- air

. V ^^.,ll!.l k
.|..M,. p,,.p, ll

■k.T W il|.,.l.t

li .i| up 1.1 a I iT../.iiiir t,.|ni.,'i-.
la .-■ ■ ll- .lilli- llia'i iliierw i-...
, eoii-tni.-i. .1 .••111 I..- k..),! ^.. i!
a l..\-.. ,■ ti.niiMTatiir.. tli.iii t!nr'

(^ I!:

.\. V.

t'...:n.l tM.

y; . .1/,. U I'.s.i. r/.'. -.■■"), •

IJ. W,

an.. ill. -r ilir.>:i..;li lal.
nan' ..f ■.■■'iir a.l.lr. -

. (i-.-r.. .luvthiiii: ai

1 ah.iut tiiher.-i

il.-i

'.n\z M\\

t from one anin

!r,.|.i II

.1 ll. re at 'Ii<. (.,.1111.

i. i.i^lliy ilis4iii.~ili..ii on

till., rcu'o^i.s ut all. 1 (li.l

It was

i.hl-aM.'

ro\.sf,7n I770.V o^ the uealto of domestic asimm^

117

APPENDIX No. 2

Dy Mr. Cltishulm (Anligonish):

Q. Isn't it :i griKTiil htliif tliiil in order to got u jfofxl (1 nv of milk ymi hnve to
hiivo tho ti'iiiiNTiitiiri! I'iiirly hJKh t

A. ^ I-;, 'riirrc is II ri'ason fur that. I tliiiik tlic iirincipiil reason fur llic strmij?
LiMsp lint that Ixhcf lias (.a so many pi'oplc, is this : yon take an nnininl that has
1 . en k.-iit up at a t.inporatnrp of sixty or seventy ilefrreos, a milking animal, and put
i r in a lower temperature, the ll..\v of milk will iiiitu.ilialely deercanc. There is no
.; iibt alxMit that. Itiit of eoursc if yon tuko u plant out of ii hothouse that luis lietn
.1 leinp<raluro of .-evenly ami put it into a huilditif; where tlu; temperature is tliirly-
li.e, there will Im' eonsideralile .slirivellinj? and shrinking for sunu'time, wlierena if th.;

I lilt had heeii ffrowiiit.' at a temperature of thirty-live that would not he notieeal.le.

I I is with the iihjeet of liiidin;; out thn truth in ft definite way to he plaeeil before
ll.' ei-mmittee that the ixperimeiit to which 1 alluded is heiiifr carried on a' the farm.

(i. Dou'r animals ri(jiiire mor.' toil in eol<i weather than in mild \v. .ither ;
.' -Ml that ii<i to show how the fairly hiph temperature is advisrdili' from an eeono-
! e point of view <

.\. \ es. I am not posin^j as an ahsoluto authority on tliis question, hut I have
'. ady said that there is an e.xiwriiiieiit Roing on to endeavour to demonstrate the
f I- in retrard to hoth of the jjoint.s whieh you have mentioned. 1 nm simply wait-
:; , until \\i> p't the result.

The ( 'll MUM.W.
I of hi>tx eholera.

\VliM>.-. -Yes, that i.s the last.

I he doctor has an >ther sulije<'t to l.riiig h.'^ore the committee.

t'l..

tick; ciioi.KiiA.

!■ i^ frrai it\ ,n;: to he ahle to report a further improvement in the condition of

• as re^■•arlls the preval'in'e of iio-j cholera in the Dondnion and esjKX'ially in the

111 proviiiee . Siriel ailli. Teiiic to a definite iKilicy in denlinp with this tronhle-

tnala.ly has i paMed us 1.. aliiiosi completely .stamp it out Po far as outhreaks else-

' ihaii 111 th' .|iiaianliiie.| .irea are coui'.riieil. In the i.rea referred to, whieh

■'•i>.< a nutiiher <■( townships in the counties of Ks,se.x and Kent, and the Indian

. . kii..wii iis Walpole island, in the county of Lamhton. the mimher of (Uitbreaka

h ll vi' oeeiirnd since the date of my last report has heen so small compared with

' ad- of previous years that there is iiochI jiroim<l for the hope that it will he

li. remove, al the idose of lie' i)res<'nt s<'ason. even the siiiiht restrictions still

Mad against tin- luoven c nt ih'Tifroiii of ho(,v for purpo.ses other than immediato

I. 1-. .\s the disi a-a li; . lieaii gradually hroii^dit under control the restriction.^

r.iiu time to tliue. Inen iiiade i-..rrrsp,,ndinKly less striiiM'ent until at the present

lax iulerrere to a very -li:.'-lit e.\t, nt with the general trad-' in Imps, althoujih

ill liiar somewhat hardly on lui, or two iinlividiials who are enpaped in raisinp

■ •! aiiiiuals, the only availahle marki't for whieh is, as nui tiers now .stand, within

, raiitined area.

IIM'Mil Ml;\TAI. oltlil I'. M\\ 1. I'M',.

ehaii-i' was made in the re-lrii-tions froni llie dale of uiy l.i-t nporl until Mnv
1'.'' ".Ian llie followiiij; niinir-leri.il order was i-sia d :

Dominion er Can mi\,

iM i'\iit\u:nt oi' .\iaii( I i.ti uk.

'i.i is lierehy piven that un ler the provision- of ■ Tla- .\niiual roiitapions
1' Ael, r.MP.",.' I do herchy declare that my i.rd" r of date .March 7, 1!H)1, and

.^!

$

ui

lErElllSARY DIRECTOR aE\ERAL

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1900

amendments tlu-roto roKulatinp the movement of hops into or out of the <iuarnniin..l
nrea oomprisinK certain townsliii^* in the eouuti(M „l Kent nn.l Essex, and the isl;.nd
Icnown M Walpole island, in tlic .viinty of I.ainbton. ore hereby rc-semded and th.'
following substituted therefor: —

On and after May 1"), l!Mi.->. tlie niovemen tof live \\«k^ from \\\v area eoniiiri.-ii.^'
the townsn.ns of Canulen. Ilowanl. llarwieh. Chuthan.. Halei^h, Dover EaU and W.-t
nn<I Tilburj- East, in th.. .•onnty of K.nt. Tilbury W.st. Tilbury North. Unehest.r ,n,.l
Maidstone, in the .■ountv «( E>s,x, an.l the Island known as W alible inland, m lb.
county of L ■•.ablon. is f'orbi.l.len. exeept under th.' f.db.winfr conditions :—

1 All sbipnu'iits uf live lu^s from the said .lislriel must b.; oonsiKiie.l direct 1,.
a slaul'hter hou>e .,r pa.-kiun hous,' e.iuipiK.I wilh tb.' proper fa.-ilities f,.r the sbiugbl, i
and det.ntioii of su.b hot-'s in a manner .satisfactnry to the insix^-t..rs .,1 this .l.pari-

nient. , . /• . • 1 . 1

.'. SbipiKTs must n.>lify the nearest insprctnr imt le^s than forty-eijrlit Imm--

or. vT.uslv of the exact time ami place of int.iided t<liipment.

! Facli carload or part tb. reof of such shipments must be accompannd by ii
irrliticat'e of inspc'lion sifjm-.l by one of the authorized insiK^ctors of thi.s departmei.t,
stating that the lio);s comprising such carb)ad. or part thereof, are fr.c irom .h.-. :.-
and in everv wav tit for iinnieiliate Blaunhtcr.

1 All cars UMd for the conveyance of such hhipmeiitH must be cleansc<! and di-
rif.M'tcl in a manner satisfactory to the insiKctors of this de|>artinent. .-.ft.r IkIiij,' un-
loa!e,l and kfor,' beinif iiRain used f..r the conveyamv of animals or ..tb.r articbs. a' I
•dl wiy bills a.vompanvinn such shipments shall have ».'ritten across the face th.r. , i
a uotilication that the said cars are to hv el •ans-.l aial disinfected in the manner alore-

*" '"inforuiatiou rcKardiui; inspectors, n.. essary not itlcat ions ami other .letails ii.:i,
1„ ,ii„.,| froiu M. !!. r.rdvM', v.terinary inspector. Chatham.

hviars and sbipp. r.~ ..f bofrs are earnestly rc<|uested \u assist the others of tli;-
,1 ■niut in the (iropir enforceinenl of this order.

(Sj,',l.) SYDNEY ITSIIEU.

Uitiistcr of AoiivuUun

Mav. 1, V"i."..

ti

s for

■Vira

tbo .- ■:. tinu' ai!thority was ^'iveIl to a lunnber of v.^terinarians. luniL- i
ty t .ilway stations within the district described, to insiH'ct and ^rant , :
mi, Ills of liofTS, when fultillin^r the re<piir( nients of the onler.
.!(. ,1 ,,uibri aks have occurn-d in places outside of this area and in fli' -

.,,], ,,, i, uMt for till- (iriein of infe<-tion. It is p«..ssible, however, il

,-,,nv<y,- 1 by cars i.rcvioiisiy usi^d for the carrinjre of .\nierican li' -
1^1 ,„,„||.|, pni'autioii was adopted to lessen the danjrer from this s.iitv,

\V ; \. in all probability, liav, proved a most serio-.i.s outbreak was narr ..!

p^.,.,.,, \',,v,Muber. l!tol, when lb. diseas, ma.le its appoaninco in the ipiarai-':;

,;, ,,!,„ .'..int K.lward anionu' bops returning' from \W St. T.ouis Kxi"-ition. n

HiU ,. .i-wn tour valnal.lo animal- dio.l. whilo twenty -.N-n lia,l to be slanybtrr.-.l '
,,u.,rinti,„ and while tb.- L'ss was la :.\v it was tritliuK in comparison will, thai \.!...
wo'ul.l bav.- irol.ablv followed ba.l tii. Miimal-^ in iiueslioii been perinitte.1 to [.p..
aired t.. tl;.' . -lal.li-bni. nts of their .v.iier--.

,.i;„ is- of iioi; rii.'i.ii;\ IN niinisii coi.rMiiiA.

:Vblle on ibe M.lo.el .if inf-.ti'ii fr...ii Aiia ncnn sources. I may say \\v.-'-
theorv a.lvan.-.d la-r ^ear a, t.. tb,- .-n.ln ..f .-..bt^-aks oe.-nrrinf. in Hritish CobiM
viz the infe.iion of '■}.- Cal^rary sl..,-k yar.l.- by h.ps „nloade,l there w i.-n m r,
frt.'m Mii.n.-..ia t,. Seattl. , has received strd.ing eorrol-.ratiou. '1 hrouph Dr. LI

it
.in.

CONSERVATION OF THE HEMTB OF noVKSTiO ANIUAtSt n%

APPENDIX No. 2

our chief inspector in British Colun.l.ia, it hns Injen ascertninoH that the animals in
q ustion were found to ho <l,se«se.l on renchinR thoir destination, th.,9 coinploting the
.hum of evidence sot forth m my last roport.

I regret to say that the .lisoase still linRore in the Pacific province, for while it has
apparently iHH-n stamped out on Vancouver islan.l. it has repoatc<lly appeared on the
m .inland near the coast. Ihesc outbreaks, while difficult to trace, are so far as I can
julge, due to importations from across the line. One outbreak was <loalt with in

I'Tl 7.","^°!T' " *'**^ ^inim^h having been taken from near Mission Junction,
British Columbia.

Al!

'iii

pr-

p.,

IMPORTATION OF HOOS FOR SLAUGHTER.

In April. 1905. a number of Canadian packing houses bepan the importation of
.Tican hogs for slaughter in bond, advancing as a r.'ason for so doing the scarcity
.onsequent high price of Canadian raw material. This new departure called fur
inpt action with a view to rclucing the risk of introducing infection to tho lowest
, il'Io point. As mo.st of the purchases were made in Butfalo and Detroit, an inspec-
tor was stationed at the former place, while at the latter animals were examined by
"ir regular othcers at W indsor. Hogs bought in Chicago were inspected at Port Huron
l« I TO entering Canada. J he adoption of this plan obviated the necessity of inspecting
.. .he frontier with the consciuent risk of infection tlirough other animak using the
y.r Is and chutes on the Canadian side, while it. at the same time, gnvo our officers
a b. Iter chance to reject doubtful animals, or those which were or had iK^en in con-
t;i.'> with disease, stock. Shipments had to bo loaded in clean cars fitted witii te-
i:k1i Lottom boar.ls and coul.l be consigned direct only to packing houses and slaugh-
,_. i.mses. Arrangements were ma.le for the thorough cleansing and disinfection
of a I such cars immediately after being unloade.1 at destination points, and although
thH recaution involved a great ,|. al of extra corres,K)n<l..r,ce and other work it was
It r.tly well worrti the troul.lo taken to ensure its thorough enforc-meiit While
,1^ - -r^ested above, this trade may have b<-en rpsiMiisible for some of the few out-
;r.:. , winch oyeurred in unusual places, it is gratifying to be able to report that so
destination points are concerned. I am lu.f aware of nnv cases of h„j; cholera
- been detected either as a result of the imp.,rtatinns or oth.Twi«e. That the trade
.■(mip.-ii,io.l by serious risk. is. however, b. yond question, nnd I was greatly
i by the d.-cision roaehr.,! in December, to forbid altogeth.-r the importation
. ncan hogs for slaughter. At the s.ame time the period of quarantine was very
V increased from fifteen to thirty diiys while further restrictions as to certlfi-
! Iiealth were enfoncil on importers.

order to lessen the risk of infection thro„Kh the heavy transit trade in hogs
•-trrn iKjints to Buffalo and elsewhere, it was decided enrlv in llie .s,..,s.,„ To
loro stringent regulations for its eontrol and the fo" ' " ■
isiied : —

far ■
ii.iv

-.f \:

Ilowing orders were accord-

kBii

par'
pin-

ONS REIJARIH.VU TRANSl'ORiAnoN OF ANIMALS

STATES.

BETWEEN CUN'AOA AND THE UNITED

departmontal order in virtue of Order in Coimeil March .",0 VMH
Ml stock cars intend,.! for the conveyance of animals from anv p„int i„ Can-
■ 1 mted States, or for transit through T-nile,l .States f.rrit 'rv -„ nnv other
' iniada. must be thoroughly cleunse<l and disinfected l.efor,. -u\x ani.„als are

>n ears conveying animals into (^u.ada from ,he Fnited Stat. s. wheUier ...eh

■ir.. intended for points ,n Canada or for transit to s,m». ,„},.r p.,n of the

nte... must be in<=peeted. and unles. r„„„.| ,■„ ^, ,j„,,^ „„; J^ cnditlon

tamed to the I'nited States. . " luiu.on.

h

t-

m

VKTHKISARf DIKKCTOR OKtlSRAL

6 EDWARD VM., A. 190*1

3. All on.pt.v Btook .-arn. who.her of C.nfl.lian origin or not ''"'«'7,^*""';« ^';'''
the Unit..l 8tnto« nn.st. if „..t ..lron.lv HhuwinK rv.lonco of hnv.nR l--" Z^/;" j
I, thoro,.Rhlv .•Wn..,l nn.l .lisinf.-t.nl to tho s..t..f«ct,on of the .n.,HM.t..rH of ,1,
.Ic-pnrtnu-nt. oth-rwis.- thoy will Vh- r.»..r...",l t.. tho ^^"'^^ .'^'"♦7- . . . .. ,

4. sunk o«r« whi.-h hi.ve oo„v.-y,.l .u.i.nnls from tho 1 iuUhI hUtcs to po nis .
Caiuuia mu«t In- th..ro,.Rhly cl..an.,l an.l .liBinf-ct.-l in,mo,lu,t..ly afUr b<nn« unU„„|,
und before bciiiR r.Cirn.-.l to th imtrv wliriiw; they came.

5 Animal. iuUMHled for export to the UniU^ State., or for paBsnge m 1 . , I
through that country for export to other countries, may U' .n«peet.Hl at such ,v,„ .
and ..n.ler such con.ilti.ms as the n.inistcr may from time t.. tune order

6 After Mav .M IK'T'. "H "«'•'' c.nv.yuiK swine from th.- I nite<l Mat. > n •
Cann.la, wh..th..r intend.-l for transit t., ...n.e other part of th.- Tnited States .„
poTts in Cana.la. n.ust W titte.1 with lO-in.-h foot hoards or w, a .nanner sat.sf:,,

t.) tihe insptH'tors of this .iepartmeut. , . , , , ., , ,

This njfulat ion >hall not apply t.. swu.c wh.-h have underjr.m.. the ,,.■,...
qnara,.tin.- prov,.l.,l for in section 4r, of the Or.l. r in ( oun.-.l of March .». l.'o ,

7 T1m> nn..-ti.v of .louehiuK or dr.-nch.ng with water. Un.t«.l States hog.-, .i ■ -
contair.injt I'nit,.! S.al.v- ho^rs. while in transit through ( 'anmla .s str.ctly prol„l ,:■ I

S. rnit.Ml Stiit.vs hoRs while in tnuisit through Cana.la. n.uRt not be unloa.L.l h m
earn .■onf'ainintf tlwm on any pretext whatey.r.

Q Vnv animal -lyinK from any caust. whatever when in transit through ( a,i
from one ■jK.int in th.. Tnif-l States to nnolh.T point in that country, nn.st „■■ ■■
r.tnov..d from ilu- ear in whi.-h it di.'^l whil.- in Canadian territory.

J: a. KUTIIEUFOKD,

Veterinary Director General

Health of AnimaK Branch,

Department of Agriculture,
Ottawa.

5- 1

INsI'F.rTION OF I1.V:S ENTKRINO TANAPA FOB TRANSIT.

.■'t

I )
I i
I I

To whom it may coiu-.m : —

Un.ler the authority of s..ction tu of the Quarantine Kegulations authori
Order in Coun.il. Mnnh :!... IWl. I hereby ^ive not.ee that all hoR. enternu
nda for tran^t and all .ars conv.yinR such hoRs must !..■ inspected by the in~,
of this .lepartn...ut. in.n,...liat.ly aft.r entering Cami.lia.i t.^rritory. Any ear
taining hogs showing rvidei.ce <.f dis..asc and any cars which arc d.rty, or ^v,
not. in Uk ..pinion of the in^.H- .or. met in every way. the -<i;"7'- ■ ,
r^ulatioiu, of ,hi. .l..part,u..n. ..r- ,o U' inime.liat..ly re urne<l «" ^''^^ ^" ' ,
l.rovi.t.a al".\.'. i.mst lie made l.etwtM<n tlie hours ot

All iu.--lii'''ti- li-.
and 4 p.m.

Department of Apricult

iSgd) (;K(). F. O'HALLORAN,

Dppufy Mini

Oitavva. Ai-ri. 10. lOO.'i.

\, T wi^ m.l ..n ...nvln.T.l that, -m.l.r ordinary ronditio„«. it is imp

..xamine -.o ni^i,' n. ., ..U^U.-'..ry uianmr. .ar^ of bops or other , took with.

M,.r liu'h.iM.^ f:,.iV:,. ilK„. .'.- t,., bo found in the averacrr. ra.lw.y ynn . ^

,/ „J..;,io., «.o.^ •A-e.l :,.= .l-.v. to :,vo;d tho n..c....,ty of ohai.irmR ib^n

;;„,«.'„. b v.M,- •,- 'bo .-n..d ■!• .l^.-li-lX ln.-,.„«,... or d.nunisb.-

1 ■ ; l. > ■, L'.-..l .!.• 1 '-.f bo<tilo Tlti.'iom. but :». tho ml.-r.-xts

wii'llation- • ' ok"u a k'>">\

U

ro\XB«i,inoAr OF thk hf.h.tu of nnuKiTic amuai.s

APPENDIX No. 2

u-ere of the Kr«t iraportanoo. it wm not .Wii.o,! ndvUnhle to n.-.^],. fro,,, thr
:.'7"- ^" '.f".'' """'" ''-^ ""^ Mi.-hiKan (VntrnI l{nilw...v Coinpnuv t„ Mii.pl
i^l.tinK fnn hi..-. vv.,» ,.,.,.,|,t..,| ,.„ romlition that tht- nrrni,enH.„t ,,r..,H
I .un.l to work satMfn.-loril.v. Aft.r « tliorou,:!, trinl thr r..u'ul..tion. w.ro
.. «M to provide ti.Kht .n«|Hvtio,. lor any .•oi.ipnny f,.rMiHl,i„K s„tiHta.-f..rv
M-iMuH. In ord.T to in..,.t tli.. r,'.,uir.>„».nl« of tli.> trnfli.- u.id.r th. •.,■ ,.,„;.l
•.Mt .u.,.,.ss„r.v to MpiHu.it n *...ond insp.vfor „t Wit-.Kor. sin.v vvlii.l, tl„,.. -v
[ipi'iir* to hiuo Ix-cti iiintin)7«>d witliont frirtion.

in

poMilion
y tipc(.-inl
isi'd wiis
iiriK'iidid

iKhtiiiK

ilioDH. it

<'r.vthii!(t

I'HINIIIKSS MAt)K IN sri'PRKSSIMI ||

im; ciior.KiiN.

The following HKiir«-s show tl

lo i>rf)({n'sw wliich tins lice

iviiK.* of hog ..holin.. It will 1„. i,ot,.l that th.-rr have I

'• <'n irioiillw very f

li ('oiiitiiliiii is nttriliiilaliic t

<w onllin>iik.4 in Ontari.

T

n made in (■(■ntrollinj^ thi
•(tn during the lust j-pvih

■I, thercfori'. U- il«.lii(<

o iin iritirfl.v ilitr<rcnt

ic pr«'valciii<' (.f 111,, ijisc

HI' in

lir

"uurrc ol .•oiitiijfnin, and should

iiKain.t the work of the department in the old

er provinifs.

I'rovinc.
Ontnric

,nh.

I. turn Oclohti- .11. t!K),'.

Oiiibmiki!.

I'nivin. !■
( )ntarii
Quel

>ee

-inh.r I. lUOi <)cl.,l„r -V . V.lii.

Hritiah Coliirnl

iiinliia

Outbreaks.

14

10

360

rrovitiic
Ontarif
Quebec

SovrmhiT 1. tm.l Orluh'i- SI,

W)i,

British Cohinibia.

Oiilbroaks

121

ir.i

I'rovituo
Ontarii:

\'ovcmher 1, 190!,-- Oclohi'r .?/. 1<)05.

I'.ritish ( 'uiiunlna
^'nkon

OiiibriMkii.

4t!

52

ih.-r I. I!

iTOVilUf.

(Jniariu
Urit

M'inh SI, 1900.

ish < oliindi

niiH.r.aka

i

2t;

oiiipi liSMlloii p:iii| i;i fi-r-il y.

ir.<t half of

i;toi-(H. ,
l!>oj.o:i. .
liio;!-oi. .
l!»0l-05..
1005-0(5. .

!^i.'..:'i;l' !•:

■,0.(2 ;:!
M9 :h

iii-r^

t^i

I*

a. ;

itt

YKTKRlflART DIRBOTOR OF.SRRAl

6 EDWARD VII., A. 1906

In coMi-KriiiK iho re.lu.-tion in the Bmount of con.iK-nwtion paid it should not
1 .. forgotu n that .in- .- AiiBu.t. IWM. tb«> rate paid hn« U, ,i two third, of th.- vah,..
ot th.. un.mal wbflhor actually di.f4».xl or only in contact, while formerly only ..!..•
thini wu» paid for di»ouH«l animal., to which cIom the K^-at innjor.ty ol thu.
»lai.Kht.r.d Udong,Hl. Were it not for thi. fact the expenditure would be even lee.
Uian it iH

By Mr. lUrron:

y. Aniiiiala ooininR into contact are .laught©re<l '

A. Yes), all ure slaughtered.

O In that IHS4- ihty are not paid compenaation t

A As you Nvill undcretand. in the Kr. at majority of oa«» lh.««. nnimal-. arc not
in a fi! condition to l« nm^d a. iK,rk. Whenever they arc fit to Ihj us. .1 ..« pork o.r
insiH-cton* hav»- instruction, to cla/.. ihe;n f..r that purpo^.- if they ar.- found hcaltlo
whou, <if <uurw, conij)cn9ation is v ihbeld.

Fy Mr. Wilson (Rustell):

Q. What \* Uie first noticeable .ymptomf

A. I will give you a bulletin on it. I would pniVr not >roinK i '" a discusai-i
of it, if you don't mind.

VVitnc98 diacharRcd.

1^

J'/

Having examined the prooe.linir transcript of my evidence, 1 find it correct.

J. -i. RUTIIKRFORI).

Veterinary Director Gemral.

D«parimcnt of Agriculture,

Ottawa, April 10, 1905.

<(>\st:ny.iTi(>s nf rut: in ii.rii m' huukstic amu h

APPENDIX No. 2

lis

ADDKNDITM.

On the completion of the preceding evid.iux.. on the c-onicrvation of th.. ht-alth
of ,|o„u.8.i,. animulH. l.y Dr. Kutherfor.l. Veterinary I)ir«-for General, Infor,. the
SoIiH-t SiandinK ConunitttM. on ARrioulture and Colonization, the following rcaolu-
tion was moved by Mr. Lewia, seconded by Mr. Wnliih :—

' That the tbankj, of this eommittc« Ik- tendered to Dr. Rutherford, for th.. e«tcu-
*ive and val,.al,!e information upon the di.ea^.n of dom,«tic animaln. he has Uid
before the eomm.ttee. ,n the thr.H- .lays ,.,k>m which h,. ha« npiH-are.! before us.'

chair^^"""" """"'■""""'•'■ "'^"P''"''' «n<l prosented to Dr. Rutherford, pro forma, by the

Committee Room 62,

Houio of Comnionn,

May 11. lJ)Ofl.

The nlKivo certified a true copy from the business records ,<{ the committee.

J. H. MACLEOD.

Secretary to Committee.

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