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Laa diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ^M^: MICROCOPY RESOIUTION TIST CHART (ANSI and ISO TEST CHAHT No. 2) A >)PPLIED JVHGE In 165 J Eost Mam Street Rochester. New York U609 us* (716) 482 - 0300 - Phone (716) 288- 5989 -Fo« ^;^^....,^,- .^. Government of the Province of Saskatclie DEPARTMENT OF AGHICrLTrRE WEEDS AND SEED BRANCH wan BUr^LETlN No. 44 EXPLANATIONS or THE NOXIOUS WEEDS ACT AND SUGGESTIONS FOR AGRICULTURAL SECRETARIES 111 lii Published by direction of The Hon. W. R. MOTHERWELL Minister of Agriculture REGINA: J. W. RElD, King's Piinter 1916 J INDEX Absentee Land Owners Annual Weeds Adjoining Municipalities not attending Weeds Burning Straw and Screenings Canada Thistle Common Weeds Cutting Weeds in Crop Duty of Weed Inspector Fall Cultivation Feed Grain Fodders Containing Weeds ....... Growing Crops. Weeds in Hand Cutting of Weeds Identification of Weeds and Seeds Literature Mustard Paragraph No. 46 25 85 Night Flowering Catchfly. Notices Occupied Land Old Weeds Planning the Work . Prosecutions. . . . Railways Reports Right of Entry Road Allowances Russian Thistle Screenings Seed Control Act Seeding to Grass Seed — Pure Serving Notice Sow Thisth Stinkweed Suramerfallow Tansy Mustard Tenants Towns and Villages Threshing Machines Tumbling Mustard Unoccupied Lands Untaxable Lands Weeds on Land not under Crop. Weeds in Growing Crop Wild Oatf, Wormseed Mustard 7 • . . . 47 52 ■... 7 .. 58 rc, 17 43 24 7 57 . 56 51 . . 52 8 . 10 29 60 22 30 61 66 32 48 18 93 55 41 23 47 49 54 52 45 36 37 50 3 35 28 24 51 52 ."5? > ! I [ il Af^-^^.^ ^skatchewan Department of Agriculture SICKIKSTIOXS Ton Agricultural Secretaries and Weed Inspectors I.VTRODL'l TIO.V. an. worS'r^r 'x^:;:;trtlor';r'' '"^ '" ^"^- ^- -»-* they «e acquaintocJ with man o t,.e nro,.'/'' -^'"T ;»»"'iti,.„.s, neither are "ork. U'e i„ our uork come ! f, ^ . "viH * ^""^'••'"* >"" '" 3'our nio«t part, the statements ,^,1 ", « '!'""^' "'""' "»*' f""" <'•« ba.se,l on the experience of the!^^Ln\vo'r''"'. '^'""^ ''"^'» »••« and set forth in different wa ' U rnmst "" "'"'^''"'■"'^^ to explain tho weed inspector. \V(, ^^ . ' i ^ """?;^ ''?'''"""^ confronting and yours, an.l our husine V to l^^l ^ ^ """•^' '^"*^^"^" «»•• "'ork We H,„ Co t,.e best we can and f vou h^" "'rr'"""' '" -^•""•- ""'•k- m the solution of which vou can find n' rr^^'"^'-' confronting you, us directly. Ai„„y, «.e«//«,^, T;"/.^ '/ " 'r '' '"/'^'^ P«'"P'.Iot, write not feel that you are being eX e f i " ^^'"/' ' "'^'" '"-'"'"O- ^^ receive an answer bv return nS 1 •""/ ''^^'''' ''" "«t alwav.s «Pon, )m; ) 4. Si'didii 2, ClaiiM- S. Tlic Fiiiiiiiciimlity is ilrcriK-il to Im' tUv uvviHT «if nil roji.i allowjiiiccx. Tdc ilcstntctioii of wcftls mi road ailowaiUTM i.s pail of Ili<' roaf the straw and screenings, as provided under subsection (n) of the Act, or give permi.s.sio!j to fence the straw and remove tlie screenings, provided th. t this is done in .securely tied sacks; but orders should be given forbidding the removal from the farm of either straw or screenings. (See. also, Xos. 18, 44. 70, 29.) (f) In very bad cases it is advisable to take advantage of that part of section U which gives the weed inspector power, with the cn.sent of th«' councillor, to order that the land be sum- merfailowed the f(»llowing sea.son, or, if it seems advisable, to have I ho field se<'ded down to some suitable grass or clover. (See, al.so, Xos. 40, .'54, .')'). 07, 74.) (d) It will be noticed that oidy in cases of Canada thistle or perennial sow thistle, is power given to destroy growing crops, and tills is of jjarlicular value where small patches of either of these weeds are found. Whenever an insjxctor finds a small patch of Canada thistle or perennial sow thistle, he should inunediately take steps to have it eradicated, as by so doing he is giving great protection to the farmers in the neighborhood. (See, also, Xos. 24, 25, 83.) 8. Section 0, Subsection (2). — All notices must be made in dupli- cate and one copy kept for reference. This is most important. (See, also, Xos. 13, 14, 21, 72, 80.) 9. Section 7. — Under this section inspectors may require such action to be taken as may be necessary to bring under control any '-^ ''^'^:'''Z^^^^^ ...-..,..., n..iirn(.... as nnvH.-arv .„ ujv,. i , ' "l.;.(..v..r ,■„,„„...„ .....s,. "';•.<•"•-,. :.y .....i.,.,,..., ..ail ..h .,!':, '•; * •""""■'> -■• •' '"■"'" "'"'"'• "'i^ H-fi..,, ... avoid aVr.,','"' '?;'"'"'' '" '■•'^""'' •<• I". ».'», Its. 7(1, N.; .)() , "'>l'<<-ti..M uork. ,s,.,., ,,l.o. y,,. t\ 11. s, '•'ion 8. IVovixo. ( '.„.,.f '■ xccoiiil half of (I H" MCctloli. it ,1, 'illy note (1 1*^ proviso, uliicli (■ "'"."""" '" '•<• <'X|>n>.l..,| is |,.,ss (I iilMls VIS Oil """- "f tli<. first part o| s.Tt i.'lll S'», "'".""''•••' ^'••■ti<... S, ,vImi,. ()„. It .1 0( ^ not aflcrt III •■'• P<''--<'ii l.aviiiu an iiif,.n.st livasiir.T of til., imiiii. !i>f<'iit for siicli land, [f -"N, iftlH.o«-,i.,rof,ia..aidlai.d III it) fails t aiMctidniciit. tl ipaiity l„.for,. .M..,y ] „( ,| "■ |m an.'iit is appointed lands »x JXT section "•'> xiirli lands will iiiJ^tcad of fiv{> <| •as<'s of Weeds on I. cxef.pf that l.-; d really he dealt wit I pro- (or '' notify tlie seeietary ^K' appointinent of aii in aceord;iii( fi.vs. (See, also. \ OS. .vs notice must Ix '<•<' widi this ' as occu|)i<>i| itiveii '^- I". •»<>. 7(1, 8ti. 2;{.) I in toiieli witli tl """••'■"'•''••' ■••""••^ voushouhl.'ifa't all to ucf in touch witi "■owner or inortuaKee early in' f| n all fio.ssilile, yet .Vour .secretary frea .'«'<'ure from him a list "of the lan.'l sure !» notice under this sect tliat have heeii hrok ion. This secti. hreed I) I'lK Kioiinds for <■'• ii|) and hav >M a|)|)li(.; K' season, n,. ^„,.,, '•'Jflif after May I. an* >«'ldom advisal n ncjilect<(i and are nK miless steps are fak.'u to .seed',1 in this section. (See, al aliie to "• -''<'.-'f jonncdon is secured under Ihi^^'t^r '"""' ''"'' ''' result if a 'N>e, al.so, \„.s. 8, 21, 14, r .(Ws I 8 the authority to say what shall he done. In the event of his orders having been disregarded, this section gives him authority to do himself what is in the best interests of the adjoining farms. In some cases, especially for small areas, it might be advisable to go to the extreme permitted in this section and eed to grass. (See, also, Nos. 8, 13, 21, 72, 80.) 15. Sections i6 and 14. — Any amounts that are expended under section 8 or section 12 may be recovered by action or by distress of any chattels on the land or may be charged agaist the land and collected as taxes. The provision in section 13 makes it possible to collect from careless and indifferent tenants. Note that in any one year no sum in excess of $200 can be charged against any one quarter section of land. (See, also. No. 45.) 16. Section 17.— Close attention should be paid to the traffic in sood grain withii. the municipality, and every sample of seed griin should be properly tested before sowing. (See, also, Nos. 41, 78 79, 82.) 17. Section 18. — Many municipalities have been seeded ^o weeds through the importation of and dealing in dirty feed grain, ..nd inspectors have power to prohibit the dealing in any feed grain that contains more than 80 noxious weed seeds to the pound (o to the ounce). Under this section the inspectors may prohibit the removal of dirty feed jnain from a farm, and the bringing of dirty feed giain into the municipility by railway contractors and others.' (See, also, Nos. 43, 'Q 18. Sections 20 and 21.— Special attention should be paid to the manner in which elevators arc disposing of their screenings. Also prohibit, as far as possible, the practice of leaving screenings beside straw- stacks after threshing is done. (See, also, Nos. 7, 44, 70, 92). 19. Section 22. — This is one of the most important sections of the Act and the stringent enforcement of this section will do a great deal of good. Inspectors are strongly advised to pay special attention this fall to this matter. A supply of threshing machine cards will be mailed to the secretary treasurer of your municipality. Note that by an amendment to The Threshers' Lien Act a thresherman who does not comply with this section has no rights under this Act. (See, also, Nos. 37, 38.) DUTY OF WEED INSPECTORS. 20. Enlist the co-operation of every individual of influence, every board of trade, agricultural society, grain growers' association, or any other organised body in the" work you are seeking to do. Plan your work in advance. This will give you time to write the department regarding problems you are in doubt as to the best ways of handling. It is your duty as an inspector to enforce the provisions of The Noxious Weeds Act, especially the following: (See, also, Nos. 6, 58, 60, 61, 66, 87, 59.) 9 (a) Section 5.— Kv„-., „„_„„ reasonable means within , is ^owerlTr'''"''' /'^ '""' '''"'" "«' «" weeds^tJjereon. (See, also, No 6 ) '^ "'"'"" '"'•"♦'■"' «" "»-^io"s grass seedTiaTis^'oru'l^rtr^t '''''•■;" f" '°'- ^^^•'- --">^ '"lover or Act of Canada. (See:'ai;:;No^r6')"''^ "* '"^^'^ "' '^''- ^-' ^'on't,.:? in ^^^^^ilP"''-''" '""" '''" ''"' ''^*^' *^"'" ^^"■"- -^^"^^^y ^^y^^^r^^^^;;^^";^;^ ^'^J^-y^ exposed for n.or,. than five W Section 22.-A11 threshin! ZT "'''''• ^'^'■^' •■»'-^"- ^'<>- 18 ) cleaned before ren.oval from ot far t ":;;"'' T''"''''' '""•^^ ^ The remainder of The Xoxio s w f ^ '''■ '^''''' «'''"• ^'"- 19 ) weed uKspector to take steps To eon^rh -'^^ -f ''"" *''"^'""'^>' "' the compliance with the above seetlns ''■'^' '''•^"'^'"S f""""' ""n- SERVING NOTICES. ;-^dS VSiZcSCn^Sthl^!; "" ""^'- --t be from the stationery company with i^^ ![ ^"'"P"'^'^ ^^" '«' secured ness. x\o special forms arrreomre Vf. ,''°"'' "'"""''P^'itv does W and common business courtesy^are ll' , T' "'•'"'"'■•^' '^"^^'"^«« Pap^ wi h absentees and with the careless udl, "Z ''^"^^^^^- ^" ''--^''ng It is always advisable to word tl^r .• • ""''^^ent in your district and have it signed by the n, tv r. '' '" '^ ^«"" "^ •'^n aW « yourself. Under sections 7, 9 and lo'?^ ''''r'''' ^ ^^-^^ as '"y can be given, if desired, by dating the 'n T' *'"''*" *^^« ''»>«' notice o the time at which it i^ ttfl.^' See^'^^T' 'ff '" '^''-"- ""' ■'■'■y "^ ^'^' also, i\os. 13^ 14 ;^j j2 When a notice rpnfia •<* 1 ' ti^^^e,-' it means that the work is totry, '""J ^T^^ ^^'^hin a stated that the person notified has thnt m f ^'"^ *^"t t"ne, rather than begin work. When a reasllb ^ l?^:;;^ "''f •' i° '^-P^-" serve another notice, but rather eot ZL complied with, don't Jjd also lay a complaint bff!;; f ureTfM! '' *'^ "^""^ «-'"-d XV ,^^/° ^«'ng you will develop a Jee L .> ^''^'''' ""''^'•- section Weeds Act and for your work m. ''''P'''* f"'' The Noxious common sense thing for LIk ,• ^" ^'°" ^^^^ a man to ,]nthl the adjoining farmt andt'f^s rdHh"^^' ''' ^'^ Prot^clt^'o consideration. ^"^ *° «« this, he deserves very little statefS^^tr;!: t:;^tT ^^-^^ ^^^ ^-er. and as mspectors have lost'their cTsestcluse of ''^!'*''''^'^ '«"-• »- ^ra Whenever you have occasion to serve o T"'"T"«« »» this respect and have the recipient sign vour dunh-f 'ri "^f'^^' '^ personally the notice should be received and «r.; ^^ ^^« ""'ncr is al,sent' member of the family, orTe^t b^^^S J mat T''^' ^^P-^^ e for each registered notice to the Z t'te oh ^''"'^^ *^« '"'^^^iPt both m the municipal office for safe keepLg """'" ^"^ Pl«^« i ,. 'ft r *■; • i if • ■ 1 ''11 [' 1 :M -1 * 10 PROSECUTIONS. 22. The less it is necessary for you to resort to law the better. Nevertheless, when it becomes necessary to act, it is important that you know how to go about it, so as to carry the matter through successfully. Get in touch with your local justice of the peace and get from him information as to the presenting of complaints, witnesses, etc. A justice of the peace must take your case unless he has some connection with same that would tend to influence his decision. In such ca.ses he can refuse to pioceed. Under these circumstances, it will be necessary to go before another justice. There is nothing the matter with The Noxious Weeds Act. (See, also, Nos. 20, 58, 75, 87.) It contains authority to permit a weed inspector to take any reason- able action, but in prosecutions the letter, as well as the spirit of the Act must be complied with. If you contemplate prosecutions, get in touch with this department two or three weeks previous to the time you intend to act. All fines collected under The Noxious Weeds Act belong to the municipality. (See section 207 of The Municipal Act.) FAIRNESS AND COMMON SENSE. 23. An appointment as weed inspector gives to some men an exaggerated notion of their own importance. In the hands of some a little authority is a dangerous thing. Where is there any sense dis- played by a weed inspector who gives an order for the hand-pulling of weeds where the thing is physically impossible of performance? What respect should be shown a weed inspector who happens to come along late in the season and gives a man five days' notice to do some work that could not be done in a week by twenty men? Wherein is there a spark of humanity shown by the weed inspector who orders a crippled old man to pull the tumbling' mustard out of his wheat and oats but does not notice the mustard on the road or in the fields of a big farmer across the road? Many illustrations of this nature can be quoted. They happened in the province during the season of 1914. The orders were not complied with and the inspector took the matter to court, but lost his case and it served him right, but it was not because of any flaw in The Noxious Weeds Act. (See, also, Nos. 2, 6, 9, 63.) WEEDS IN GROWING CROPS. 24. It is seldom advisable to take serious steps in connection with weeds in growing crops. The proper time to do weed work is, of course, before the crop is sown; therefore, when weed inspectors are on short time and can only work during the growing season, they should be careful in dealing with weeds in growing crops, because, in a good many cases, the owner absolutely must have the crop in order to make ends meet. In such cases, provided the attitude of the man towards the weed question is right, it is advisable to make as much allowance as possible Your business is to take such steps as will prevent the noxious weeds on one man's place being a direct menace 11 n^ttEntT/^^nto^that^^^^^^^^ ' ''^ ^^^^ - the crop are the side of the^rop There lUt e danr^'f' T '^« ^^tected \rZ a menace to the ndghbou ng W it .•''"'''r" '^''' ^™'^ '^'"« that this statement does not annK Z. understood, of course, sufficient truth to be Treason Sv . n'^'^'^L 'Tf' "^"t '* ««"tains through a crop in search of noxious'^^v ed" II/l ""k ""* ^'^ «""«P'"« by some over zealous weed in^nector J ^''' 'iT" ^""^ *«" "ften 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55.) '"^'P^'^t^'"- (^ee, also, Nos. 7, 25, 83, 48, a couple'oVrtrS^^^^^^^^^^^^^ f ^^ are very few, a strip vvhich comes up against a road alloA^ee^ "'k"^ '^'^ ''^^^. "^ ^''^ ^^'d that when the grain is cut no weed^ uill 'ho . ^ 'V "'"'^ '^ will ,nean out on to the prairie. Where woods .if ""'^ ^'^ ^^'^ machinery ]t would he advisable to order the burnln. [Zr'T''' *« ^'^ P"»^^ immediately after threshing or f th. 1/^ '^ '*'"'''''' ^"'' screenings see that the screenings arel^urnt 111 '" "T'''"^ ^^ ^^e farmer, an order for the burLg of the straw bvT" '"'^^T'' *« ^'' ^'^^^^ buildmg. When this is done thev slnl.. . l"^. '* "u'"^ '"^^^^"^t ««">« of the peace under section U of the Act It /"^^^l^r ^'"^ ^"^^^^^ such an order to specifv thnt tL , '^ advisable when givine - turned -thout^n:^^?^- ^^^ - ^o pla^^ fall ^^ultiv^trLrn 1 TSotop i^'oT^^^ *«, 7"^ -- ^o- of would be possible to get this dono^ l ' P'""^'''^^''' of course, that it to order certain pieces of land or n . "''' f'"' '* ™^>' ^e advisable following season.' (See, alsoiol tITsIIt.) '""''"^^^^"^^-d the order' VoVd^TSvl'ii: ^^t ^? T\ ^^"""°" -"^ ^-^^te what Canada thistle or sow tUe sroukrhv"^^^^ '"'^ ^'"^" P^t^^es o or eradicated in some way as bv sn^ "''^'"'' '^^ Pl°"ghed, mowed to the neighbourhood. (See, also! Zsi%%T)''' "^"^^ ^"' ""' ^"^^^ WEEDS ON L.-IND Not U.VDER CROP. weeds becoSHo^rrvalenf thS T' work is primarily to prevent neighbouring farms, but it wouW seem tZt^^ '' ""-T'^'' ^^ the summerfallows are not undertaken enrr .'" 'f''^' '^''*«''« where be advisable to compel a certain » ^ Tf^ '" ^he season, it would dealing with neglecTed areas tSat IT "^ f"'^"'^ cultivation. I„ It is not advisable to pirgh tit L^^ -''"'' ^''^ ""''"" "^"'"^^^ion, from you.- council to permit of voJr seedTnVTh" ''""' '"'^^'^"^ ^""^s' per section 8 or section 12 of CNoxtus vV H T? **'.^''^^^' ^« that m taking action under any sections of T^'m ^'*- ^^'^^^nber you are doing so simplv to prevent fT I- ^^°'"°"" ^««ds Act, It 18 not your business,' as an Inspector r'""^!!-^ "^ """'«"« ^^«ds areas are small or not' seriously SSe^ 't wnff 'iJ^^'- ^^^^ ^-le extra in cleaning these areat^' ^h^t^SLr sS^sly^ Mi 12 infested, the plan should be to take such action as will insure such lands going back to grass so that weeds will be unable to grow. Often it will be found cheaper to mow the land off once or twice in a season for two or three years, rather than to plough or cultivate or seed to grass. It is sometimes better to mow twice in the season rather than mow, rake and burn when the weeds have attained full growth. (See, also, Nofl. 3, 10, 9, 11, 46, 76. 86, 90.) 29. New men will scmeti'.ni-s be confronted with weed problems that have been unattended to during the previous season, such as vacant land upon which he found tumbling mustard or Russian thistle, or straw piles still standing that are badly infested with weeds. These problems can be dealt with under section 7 of the Act. See regulation No. (b) paragraph 91, at the end of the pamphlet defining the term "growing." (See, also, Nos. 7, 9.) WEEDS ON RAILWAY LANDS. 30. Notify the section foreman and the station agent; if possible, ten or fifteen days' notice should be given. If notice is disregarded proceed as per section 12 and write us. Small patches of Canada thistle and perennial sow thistle should be dug out from the roots. (See, also, Nos. 12, 31, 77.) 31. It should be borne in mind that employees of a railroad must of necessity be guided in their work by rules and regulations. They are not exactly at liberty to drop certain work and undertake some- thing proposed by someone outside of their particular company. The men at the top in railway circles are just as anxious for the control of weeds as the local inspectors are. When a notice is served upon a local railway official, it is generally necessary for him to refer the matter to his roadmaster or superintendent, hence the suggestion that ten or fifteen days' notice should be given when serving notice upon railways. In cases of perennial sow thistle and Canada thistle, it would be advisable to refer the matter also to the Weeds and Seed Branch, Department of Agriculture, Regina. (See, also, Nos. 21, 72, 80, 30.) WEEDS ON ROAD ALLOWANCES. 32. The municipal council is responsible for weeds on the roads; It is part of the road work. Where very dirty fields adjoin the road, it would sometimes be advisable to have a strip of the field a rod wide seeded to grass. This would prevent the weeds of the field spreading into the road allowance. (See, also, Nos. 4, 33, 34, 89.) The resposnibility for weeds on the roads was placed upon the municipal councils because: (a) In past years many councillors would undertake in one season far more road work than they were able to complete The next year probably the division would be represented by someone else, who in turn would open up a lot of work and at the same time neglect to finish up the work started by the 13 ?i7ir;Sf^^^^^^^^ thae the placing of the passed by and that it waVnoTri^hf ? I'''"" ""^^^^ P"'-*^ ^^o , ^ wrong for which he w^not in ?tl "^ ^f ^"^ '"^'^ *° ••«'««dy W Again, to whom do T Z'd^ Wong"* cT" f ^'' farmer. The responsibility fL tt care of f'h^'' ""*, *° ^'^^ entirely with the council Thi, !„!• r f *^^ ^^^^^^ rests responsibility whereirbdongs °' ''^^ ^^* P'««^« the respolfsiJltt^ir;: Thetr^pr tf"r-'" ^'-"« ^^e cases where that land is infested with u-2 *^^^,«^J°\"i"K land is in to handle the matter thai to corn" fh. ^'i''" '' ^ ^'^««'- ^vay to cut the weeds on the road Whether T" '^*^' "^^^'"'"^ '«"d road to the fields or from the fields to thi ^^^ ''l'^' Pa««ed from the to have the owner of the and seed t '"^' '^'' '""''^ satisfactory wide adjoining the roai aSanee ThTJ'"'"'' *7 ""' ^'^^^ ^"^s sections 6, 7, or 8. (See, also Not. 4, 32 34 89.)''" ^" '"'''" ""^^'• .rowS- of:ZZ\:t\Ztt'^^^^^^^^ '" ^^- P--* the done at an extra expense of about «Tl^ ■? ^T" ^^is could be m some municipalities. Persons ^Lfr^f^ "I!'''-,. ^'^'^ ^^ *he practice tary, Rural Municipality of InSia^ Head T !,V"Jd write to the Secre- (See, also, Nos. 4, 32, 33, 55 89.7 ^^^' ^^^'^atchewan. WEEDS ON UNTAXABLE LANDS. Palitf deZTnTreTe^tThe^^^^^^^^^^^ 'iT ^hich the munici- general revenue of the mSpaSv Thi.""" . ""^'^ ^"'" ^'"""^ the some Canadian Pacific RaiJZ lands rnJ^'f'' ^"^ '^^^^^ ^^"ds. homesteads, etc. v-^^way Jands, road allowances, aband-ned WEEDS IN HAMLETS, VILLAGES AND TOWNS. W^efyo'u^Vtrceirtown^t X'^ '" ''f^'^ ^ >^°- ^-trict. attended to, write us g^ng particlrT T^l '^^' ^'' "«* being act within the boundaries of fh!«- ^°" have no authority to their own weed in^ector^so tr^t Tlfert.rK- ^'^^ '""^^ ^PP-^* authority to act should any action hpnZ ^e someone there with It your business to know wh^t rbernrHr^''^'.^"u' ^°" should make Co-operate with their insplctor." SeMsT No.' 8^:5 ""' '°^ ^'^^'-• REGARDING THRESHING MACHINES. 37. Regarding the enforcement nf +i,« a ^ , . 1 lil ■ 1 -' i 1 n ti i [i 1 ■ ; ^ ^ •* 1 P ;^ ^ 1 * 14 mailed to your secretary treasurer. More can be secured bv writing to the department. All parts of the outfit must be cleaned before moving, and this section of the Act should be strictly enforced. Prob- ably a great deal of trouble will be saved if you interview each of the threshermen and discuss the matter with him. It seems to me that we should discourage the use of old racks with the tight bed, such as are used by many men to collect during the week a quantity of grain and chaff to take home to the chickens on Saturday night. Such proceedings should be stopped. The rack should be of a style that can be easily cleaned, probably the flat-bottomed rack with the floor pieces a couple of inches apart is the best design, as in using such a rack there will be no accumulation of chaff and weeds and such material as is gathered can easily be cleaned off. Threshing machine men who fail to comply with this section of the Act have no rights under The Threshers' Lien Act. (See, also, Nos. 19, 38.) 38. Section 22 will be hard to enforce so long as farmers as a body do not take enough interest in the matter to use it for their own protection. The thresherman is just like any other man— no better and no worse. He is not likely to be particular or careful about taking along a few weed seeds, so long as the man to whose farm he 18 coming does not care. When the majority of farmers ask him to clean his machine he will be only too glad to comply. There need be no dispute over the meaning of the term "clean." There is always the common sense thing to do and this section simply asks that the machine be run empty a minute or two and that the top and sides of the machine be swept clean and all stook wagons be cleaned before the outfit leaves for another farm. This is by no means a hardship upon any owners of a machine. A couple of brooms should be carried on the or' ^t. With a little attention at the right time there will be little difi.iulty in getting the men* to sweep off after the last load. A worthy separator man will sweep off the machine while the last loads are being threshed. (See, also, Nos. 19, 37.) 39. Sometimes strongly worded epistles are addressed to the department condemn; .>g section 22, because no provision is made to prevent the use of dirty straw in taking the engine to the next farm. It would seem that when the section, as it stands now, is really en- forced it will be ample time for more legislation. We must remember that in many cases there is nothing else to use and the man to whose farm the machine is going has the privilege of himself furnishing fuel for the move. Many weeds are carried in this way, but not one-tenth as many as those carried by uncleaned stook wagons. Other men want legislation to compel threshers to leave their weed screens open. Regarding this, we must agree that the operator is entitled to pay for every bushel of weed seeds he threshes. In fact, it does seem that he would be justified in putting in a good screen, taking out all the weed seeds, measuring them up when the setting is finished and then charging three prices for each bushel threshed. 40. Complaints are sometimes made about outfits crossing fields and summerfallows in taking short cuts across country. The thresher- 1.-) way of good fencing, if he L t" koon 1. ' f ' '''^7''^'^'*' ""■"*'"••-'' '" tl.o •t would be ocTupy controf'th/rnr'/" ^ '^' i:''^"""^'^ *^'"« •" *'- "^-tteJ of weTd control, the inspector has authority under section 12 to enter upon the and and take such action as may be expedient. The inspector tLt" T^r'^ ''^^''^^''' ""^ ^"y agreement, written or otherwise ?hi nf^ ^''"^ r""'' ""^ '^' t^"*'^*- The amount expended Tn frnJt^°r""?K'^ ""^' '"l^ ^'''■'^ '"'^>' be collected (see section I3" IZf f ^"'"'k ^^ '"'* ""'.^y ^^'^"'•^ °f '^^^^'^' «n th« land. In the event of this being impo.ssible because of povertv of the tenant the amounts due will need to be charged against the" land to be colL ed from the owner as taxes. This last resource need not be looked upon as workmg a hardship upon the owner because, as stated aboveT owner ts final y respomible. This appiios whether the owner is an or sll^^Vr^iL'th"" T ""1 "'^""^"« municipality, another province 14 15 40 ) "" "' '"^'■^«"^'' company. (See, also, Nos. ABSENTEE LAND OWNEKsi. .f 11' "^.f^^I ^^^^ ? *Tb'^ ^""'^^ ^^^•^ y^a'' because of the abuse 0 the authority conferred in section 8. The curtailment of this authority by the amendment of this section was necessarv because of lack of common sense and fair-nandedness on the part of 'a few muni- Znlrf '"^P"^*r- ^* i^ ^" ^^'•y ^'^" t° ««y that absentee land owners are primarily and finally responsible and that is as it should be but It IS well to bear in mind the moral responsibility of the municipality and of the municipal weed inspector. The secretary or earlvTn f ho"?' 'f /^"'^ ^'* '" '°"^^ "'^^^ ^^^^"t^^ '^"d owners ear y in the year if there appears to be any doubt as to the handling of the land in question. Many times by so doing arrangements can naliU 'l 'i "'".M *'' '^".' "^l^""* ^"^^^'^^ ^^P-- t/the munl^f- m„n.v;n iV "^ k'' ''^'"^^"^ber that an absentee owning land in your municipality is subject to tne same laws of psvchology as a resident owner. As a matter of fact this applies just as trulv to land and Joan companies. (See, also, Nos. 3, 11, 10, 76, 86, 90.)' 17 METHODS OP CONTROLLING D.KPKRKNT WEEDS. CANADA THISTLE AND PFRpvk,.. AJVD PERENNIAL SOW THISTLE. 47. Fortunately an v«f *k patches, except in':;ne o/to plrtsTflh "'' '^""^ «"'^ '" «'"«" must be made acquainted with ?hl. ^! Province. Every farmer eradicated. W1,atever happens I ro.^''"^''- '^"^ ^^^^^^ «'"all patch fo to seed in your district Have Zj"r"' ""f «'"'^" P^^ch^s to least have them mowed before the 1^ t*^ •''"* ^^^ **>^ '"oots, or at Nos. 27, 54, 68.) ""'^ ^^^^ ^^''^s be^m to form. (See, also, RUSSIAN THISTLE. It IS not advi-sablc to cut with fh .Y '^^ ''*' "f^essarv (o J.um second and perhaps the third ^'owfh cl''Y T'"" «^''''"' ""'-« "he theie IS little danger of their becominrbn ^ ''' '"'• '^ *''''^ '« ^one the country. When found annrn"?^ ^ ^""""^^ *» blow across puled and burned. VVhen fouTin Ss'^^V"*^ ^'^^'^ «^-''""' 8 to have the straw burned immediatdv If. f "."^ ^''*^ ^^'^^ P'a" times advisable to have some surface culHr ''"''T'''"*^- ^^ '« ««'"- there is any danger of the small plants 1 " '^°"'' °" t*^^ ^^^^^ if I'low across the country. (See! alsi Nol'r'r'e.r'"''' """"' ^° STINK WEED. weed^^th^^sL'uW te^Sd Tnd^luJL?''"?' ^^'^^''^''^^ f^«« of this eradicate them, as by so doing you Sll ""' '^"■''' "'^°'-* '""^e to country. When found in ttrnLLT ^. ^'""'"^ S««d service to the jng« burned. If the we "d t morVoriis'r ''? ^*"" ^"^ --"- the steps taken will have to doLnH u ^^T"' °^^'" ^^e country opinion. (See, also, Nos 7, 9, ^ ''*°«^*'^^'- "P"" ^oeal pubHc TUMBLING MUSTARD. fieAtr^tn^lCwt -"looked after, also These are the main seed beds of tM, ,5 . T'^ ^^' ""* been done, 'n crops can do little harm to the fie dT^^'^^iu ^^'^ ^^""d growing case of the flax crop, and in handHnl thT^ *^' '■°"^' '''''^' ^^ tbf lull TT^t^''' an agreement by which heT''"' '"'"^ '""'^'^'^^ pull the tumbling mustard or bind f if ^T' '^ *° ^^^ber hand- also, Nos. 7, 9, 25, 26.) ^'^"^ "°P «''tb the binder. (Se^, WILD OATS AND MUSTARD. f^^^rZs:i:^:^,i^:i^J^^ -uch with wild oats in from infested crops shW L^^^'l^cTor' u""' '^ '^^^^ fenced or burned immediately 11 18 Ts ; ".";r" ."^ Konn.„«.„.,. i„ ,1... ,.«rly .prinR. an.l if follow..! nf(.. 0.1 tu-UU mijo.n a roa.l allowan,-,. or a l,o,n..larv liru-. it ,„i«ht 1.0 a.lvi.«l;l,. to hav.. a s.ri,» « rod ^^u\c .r.,.,l.-.l to Kran.. Umul-mMnl .H «In.o.t „npo..si.>Io witl. tho wil.i oat; thcro wilH. in.tan";. wl'c"' L^Tu! 25 X 54.)" '"''"''' "' '''"'""' ''■'''' "'""""■''• *'"*'"• "''"' OTHER WKEDS. 52. Tansy mustard, worinsocd and shopherds purse are listod as noxious weeds not so n.ueh I-eeause their presence in one field is a nienaee to the held across the road, hut rather because the seeds are so of en found us an impurity in grass see.I and clover seed. It was for this reason that night-flowerinK '-atchfly was placed upon tho ovor%eod'""w»,^' !f T "l*''\'"««t -">"'0" impuntios in alsike clover seed. When findmg tho other weeds in tho growing crops if only a few, they should bo hand-pulled as this may save trouirCon or wo""TT *° P^'T^^^f hand-pulling, perhaps a strip n rod or wo wde wherever the field touches the road or another man's wTh tT ^? P""'^- "^''^ r'" P^^^'^"* '^' ^""^ becoming invested ,> Inld f; ? • Tf T'l ''''"' * ^"y ^"^y ^'^'^ adjoins the road, LZ\i "f •«« ^''« ;« have a strip a rod wide seeded to grass str^l H ^""^^"'-'^ °^ ''^*'°" ^- The ordering of the burning of straw and screemngs, or the fencing of the straw is the next step The severity with which one must deal with these cases is dependent upon the prevalence of the weed in the district, and upon pubHc ErXe, ;iro,'Nr9./^' *^'''™* '^" "^^'^ ''^^^^ ^^^"'^ '^^ '"^P^^^or The authority to compel summerfallowing and seeding down must be exercised witl, care. Fall and spring cultivation can be ordered fnW^ T^,""''''^'^''*T ^' ^"^ ^^'^ '« advisable in fields badlv mfested with annual weeds that are also strong winter annuals. WEEDS OTHER THAN NOXIOUS. 53. There are a few weeds that do a great deal of harm, yet because they are not upon the list as noxious weeds, little attention wppH n? /?, i T' '"? ""^ ^^""^'^ ^"^'■*^'"'' P'K ^^'^ed, Russian pig weed, curled dock, sunflower, etc. When finding these weeds it should be your business to give whatever assistance you can regarding methods of treatment. (See, also. No. 9.) » » SUMMERFALLOWING. 54. There is sufficient authority in The Noxious Weeds Act to enable an inspector to do anything that is reasonable, but this author- ity must not be abused. The authority to compel summerfallnw was placed in the Act, not with the idea that inspectors would order every other field to be so treated, but that inspectors might have 19 r><..|«f..n« Wow,, of „.,. .TOP ''.,•' ^,'" "''•'•:•• '{ <.r.l.Ti„« Z of 'K. word •V,un,n...falIou •• vo„ j u . ,""'r '•■^' ""' i'"<'Mr..ta.ion '•xpcn^.. if is vour .|„fv font .".""' ""' '•^^""'- '" -'•.m-I.thI ' K'vo you aufhorifv fo .I. a wit . fi '•,""' ■^'■' '^<'<'i«'" ohmI,I,.. ,„ako y«„rm.|f ucjuaintr.! witf, all the nox.on« woclM. ho tfmt you will know th.-n, no matter in what .tZ of growth you nmy hn.l thrn.. Whonovor you aro not Hure of ph.ntH do not fail to M.„,| a Han.pl.- to I»rof..«.or T. N. Willing. Col ..ro of AKnn.l uro, Saskatoon. Always nun.U.r your Mampl.. when M'-miinJ mor.. than one, an.l always k.-op a nin.ilar .,HMinH.n nuinhonMl like- wiw. S,.n,| «„„,o of the root. l.-avoH, hWuih aiwl fl«.w..r.. Wrap in moi-st rloth or pajM-r. ' WHAT THE ACT REQJIKKH OV IVSPKCTORS. 58 TluT.. an- fiv plac-s in (I..- Art whoro the inH|M.ctor'H duty is pn.fa.-..,! I.y .hr wonl shall. Sertion i) my. that h. shall ,„„k.. out aU no UTS m .luplK-at... SoHion 7 says that when fin.linK woods o„ land ot under nop ho ./.,// notify the owner, etc. Section S requiroH that when taku.K action un.lcr this section of the Act. if provisions of the >,ow an.en.in.ent have lK.en con.pliod with arul .fio amount lo be ex,K.n, ed ,s n. excess of m, ho ./.,// notify the a^ent appointed! Kivn.K hfteen days" notice, ef. In other cases he shall nl, ifv the owner unmediately the work is perforn.e.l. Sections f) and li) sav notit\, etc. f.See. also, Nos. 2, 20, «)(i, 87.) There are six places in th.- Act whore the duty of the inspector is j)iefaced by the word may. Section ■« '"^ ""'y ?••«''•''** t.-affickinK m dirty feed Rrain. " 59. In addition to these duties and powers set forth in The Noxious VVee,ls Act. another Act-The Kural Municipalitv Act- provides that every inspector shall see that the provisions" of The NOXIOU.S Weeds Act are complied with in the district for which he accepted appointment, and that .. s responsible for the enforcement ol the Act until his successor is named. (See, .sections 200 to 207 of Ihe Municipal Act. Also, No. 20. j GENERAL SUGGESTIONS. PLANNING THE WORK. 60. If possible, it is advisable before starting out on the work to map out a ch.finite route, so that you will have a fair idea as to where you will he on particular days, and it will be found that often in making out a notice you can allow the time on this notice to extend to such time as will, in the natural order of things, briuE vouback again to the vicinity of this particular field, which will enable you without much extra driving to .see whether or not your orders regarding !'''" "••''' '"'vo Im..,. ,.„rri,.| . 21 l)< «''IPM «„d railway riKl.ts of H,;y.'''' '''•"*'• •^"••'' '"' "''I «r,.K..ar,l., Al- with ••uri- •il)l»'. your Im'I'M roarl M«t\TIII,V HKPOHTH. .vou J-.';:.:';;tV:',;;;:;:',;:';'', ■•■■''"'! 'i"« ..-n „ „,„,„ that IS of niU'ivxt, vou will fiiwl ,. V "'^'' " ""''' «'f ••v<-rvthii.ir -;;;-j;n.« r.«ar.,i„« tlL^'l/i" /' i,-,.'^ J- ''"r- '^ >- '.avJ^? 't to ,1,0 .J.par<„H.„, ,.onc...rM..cJ. (tc-alL^ Xo^,.) ''"'''''''"'• '""''« t;u tural work, ai.ov,. „|| ,, L/ t n-l r ^f'"'"''^ ^'t'' ""• I" auri- • -alli,„port«„t. /ft X.t ilr''^ ""'^ ^"••"">- ""■ '--k of aloiiK this lino, jf ^. ' So V '-'"^ •^■""' '"'«'•' ^''H' ""KK.'stions 'il^rary of hooks on ,.svchXv wo;;;;!'," " ''""'•'^"' '^ --n a wSe "'ay f.o. howovT. a U- nr 2,1. i '," '■' ""'*'"''"' '•"'^'^ta.u.c.. There of whic-h will .... hoipf:.^;:"'" "'t2;;^ j'^r^'^' i'^ "'---^ («) This is a .nan-fo-„,an •, ^ • ^' ""' "''^«' '"•'"• "M Ko al,out your n.unicip. u, i"ss'"v, „'\ " "'"''"■: ^"'- >'"" «« (b) '^ou must umlerstan.l the otlr -''"". ''"^•'" follow,.,!; 'luco a littl,. of the (JoMe„ Rulo "" '^ '"'"* "' ^•'-•- ^''^o- ^W "K^:i.rV:^i^^;;f,-'- .^^an ^olleetive PaJity, you have 500 separate am V f ""'''■'' '" ^'''''' ""'"'«*- weed«, diseouraKement 'poor n hod '"f T"';'"'"^' '^"^'^ -« income per family of 8200 "/r vear uh * . "^, '•'■*'*""' "n a teiulency to bbme hanl'times on n''! 1""''' ^'" «''«»' ^ any endeavour to imnrov-o /hi v "«♦'»"»' 'ssues witho- W Some m,.n are InteZed i . cattl '^"^ '^ '\' ""^^ «* '-'r- «wine. You must Tpn oaeh fh! """ P"".'*'-^' "'• «f^<^«P or which they are n.ost '^^n e?e ed L "n'" 'h'-^ ^''^ ''"« '« they have told you all abou ho v to run fT"^ ^fr^'' ^^'''^« branch of farming then vou Lve .h '"' "'' ^^«* Particular Some of the best farmrrs ,n th •" f* ^" ^^'vantage. they do not require X service ""p"f'''^' "'" '''' * 'at they do not. then you need tTeS ^- "°'' '''""'"^ today can be found some demoristrl ion ? "''""^ '""nieipality ful farmers but tho Ip- "*^"'o"stration farms run bv succe«s- the matter in thi ^hf 1"'^^ b"" 'f ?* ^^^^ *« «- study the methods of successful men ST.*"^ ^""'^ ^"•"^^ *« -hods to the farms of ::?tsrs"uccr.f.^^^^^ M ' tI 22 more sood to outline the methods of Mr. Jones, who. as everybody knows is the most successful man in the district than It does to outline your methods. You can use the results on your farm to corroborate the results obtained by Mr. Jones. 63 Don't run a bluff either as to your authority or as to vour fund of mformation. You have under the Noxious Weeds Act ample If you are asked questions you are unable to answer, acknowledge the fact, and give the information to the questioner as soon as possible It 8 your business to know the contents of every bulletin and pamphlet forwarded to you, thereby enabling you to either give direct informa Jso, No'lS'"; ' ^"f«™-^i«" that will satisfy the questions (Tee. will ^ ^^'^ '"'"■*' IZ ''"°V,"f » man's actual position the easier it will be to approach h.m. Know how much land he owns, where it lies, how much of a mortgage, if any, is against it; how much he raises, how much he ought to produce, the lines of w;rk i^ whTch he workTw ""^TV ^i'^^'i'^^^ towards you and towards agricultural ZZ' '"^^..'""'^h stock he has or ought to have according to his posi- tion, and his particular ability. Knowing all these things will make t possible for vou to have a long talk with some of vour men wLo are not as successful as they should be, and analyse thoroughly with ?hem their work and determine with them why they are not more succe sfuT and what IS really the matter. Of course, many reasons will be advanced for aek of success, but even if all 'these merwere relieved Th^rZTT f ^^'««^^a"t^g^«' it would help, but it would not cure. The real factor today ,s inefficiency in all lines, poor cultivation waste over buying, thoughtless selling, lack of quality in the produce etc thougZ."^ ''"'" ^ '''^''' "P""*^°"' ^^" «^^« "»"^h food fo; 65 Your success as an agricultural secretary depends upon the -Xalt^'t'^r-rr >-«"-«^the best man in the munfcipal y to assist you It will be necessary for you to gather all the informa- ton, as suggested above, regarding your men. Classify this informa- bookld f:r I'^^T"* "T- ^u'""^'^ '^'^y "i*h you a small n^te thTs havo an r K ""iT'^^'^'l^ *^^* '' ""' ""^^ ^« «f ^"terest. Besides this have a note book for each township. A book of 36 sheets, one for each section of land in the township can be secured from the foTsi oS'T ^'""'r'^'i .^'^^^- The price quoted is three books for $1.00. Every item of interest, every bit of information, assistance or any action regarding any .section or family, make note of them all according o section number. This information will be invaluab e h dealing wuth particular individuals and particular problems It w! be^ of material assistance in demonstrating to your council and the ratepayers your actual worth to the municipality. 23 """^^"^^ QUESTIONS ANB THKXH AXSWERS. through; ?„;rs'c,.:;?' '"'"^^ '^ ''"-^^^^^^^ f- wantomy driving A. No; but he should he. (See Nos. 20, 87, 58.) I j^^' ^' ^^ owner is notified in 70U f^ rets-'""" «•'"■ '- --*-" "•ntVTr^i^^j^- ^ake .«,„„ „„„„ ,,„,.„„ n a^t ;i™',2 oT™' v' "'' *™W Act. A new owner of (ho 1„„H .„ . ,i . ' ~'"' "ox ou« Woods doo, no, know al»,u, ,lo order itlt' °" "? '■f'»"»''»«"™^f ^ find out „, ,n,„iri„, a, ,„„ ^n/e/it'^r" (tfi^^-^^ ;'^„'™W section 12. (See No,. 27, 47.) '"" " "«' »«'»■> under „.^ «. Q. Supper ,ke «„e, in,p«ed are cheaper than d«ro,in, the A. Take the same action over again. 70. Q Many „.e„ do not „i,h to burn screenings. VVhnt then^ -et,^\'„i-",it.*^™ "s'L^-,"' "- '- the w :: - (See, also, Nos. 7, 44, 18.T ' ^'^^^ "" "'"t^'- to do thk 71. Q. What authority has an inspector to ton.h A. See section 6 of Th^ M • '^''''""^ "''"P^? to 26 of this pallet "^'^ """"""^ ^^^^^ Act and paragraphs 24 rocei:f-t£ aZ^^:;^Lr "^^^' ^^"-'^ ^^^ «-- does not ^cJ^tiSf ^^!ni;t^;';:;r nS^T^^^ - ^-p ^i« weeds Secondly, a weed inspector shoukr^lbro V^'".-' ^T*' "''^''or. for the notice to reach the owner ThH 'T'^ P'™*^ «f time common sense thing to do. If the attitude nf'/h '^"'' '' '^'^•^>'« *»>« he should be given as much lati ude as itii . °''""'' '' ''>'^'' ^^on be taed down closely. (See, also Nos 8 T i''2';1/'8"^ ''°"'^' 4i IS i i «%r#«^:fT«^(# 24 „ .J^^i ^""^ ** '^'^'''^ inspector compel a man to destroy weeds in ^theri:^;?'""""^'"' '"^'^'''^'^ ''' »- ^'-'^ *« destroy them r':™: v...r^i-^^^'' ^^'^ ^T* '^ *° ^^^^'^ the weeds destroyed; the particular way this IS accomphshed is immaterial. Often, however it is used as Zrf rT.l u*^'' '■^'''''" ^'''' *'>« difference of opinion on the K Ln .1 J" """"TL ^^ ^^"'^ ^" J"^*'^*^^ in insisting that the matter be handled as he had suggested. (See, also, No. 8.) shouW •th'i- in^spTcr'dof"*^ "'" *'^ ''"' ^' «^^«« ^^^'^ *« -' -h-t A. Advisable to use western rye grass. (See, also, Nos. 7, 34, 55.) io ^^' ?' }^ *^^ """^^^"^ inspector takes action under sections 7 8 or 12, can be he sued for damages? becuons /, » or ..f ^A '^ *'*" T^"* inspector acts only after those responsible have etrsenJLrvf :f tte' '" f ^''"i"*^- ^^^ ^'^^^^'^^^ '« 'hrmunicrpl for HnJnllr ^^^P'''- "^ ^^^^^^ ^e succcssfully prosecuted lennt^- tf !^°'"'««" ««"«« t^ing in handling these problems. Such sections ?" 8 V 1? 7n'J* °f.*^' ^"'^ ^"'P^^*^'- *^^^"« ^''"^^ ""der sections 7, 8 or 12, and putting men at work to carry out his order., can the owner of the land interfere? ' A. Most decidedly not. 10, 11.) (See, also, Nos. 90, 89, 28, 8, 9, 13, 3, • Ju' Q\?"PPOf the section foreman is doing the best he can but IS still unable to keep the weeds on the right of way under control what action should the inspector take? control, A. Write the superintendent of the district in question eivinir Cf ii?r NrT2,lJ^^^^^^^^ '' ''' ''-'^ '^^^ been'sdd'^fofsledf " '" '"'"'" '"^'^ "*^^*^^^ '' -* grain has A. If it was used for seed, if a seed price was paid, or if it was advertised for seed. (See, also, Nos. 16, 41, 79, 82.) sections ^7 TndSs'nf^'ih'^rl'^ ^ '^^''' '•^«"''^'"« ^'°'^ti«°« of scarce" ""^^ '^^*" '^^^ ^"^ ^^^^^ ^'^ very Po. ^ ^b«"t all tliat can be said is to let your good judgment decide Afte'r airthere'i: ''' T", T'." "l'^ ^^^"^ *° ^^^ '^e best poss ble! e„IHv,fi t 1 A ^".'i'^ 1'^^ ""^ ^'^^^ ^^ ^he statement that if a man cultivates his land with the object of producing the maximum yHd M^i 25 of the „„„„e. (S,,, .,,„_ ^. je^Oay, ^,„ee c„,„„e„ees f™„ ,h<, 1™ ^ J, , "-'iti^vior take? -e .hat ,. „ done right (SeerAo," N„„. % ^-^ ^J"^™'? ,^™^ he could just as easily eof pW? / r""*" ^'^^ «ow's dirtv st -l^K keep his weeds under cfnlorTl' '" "'* '"'"« ^" in hirpo'J^ ^ understand what he wil? be up aJlinT" '." ^"^^*'°" ^«» ^^^ ^n to be an adequate answer, but fecentlv th ?• ^^^'^ ^^^s not seem to ^H^sti^riij^ -; - ?v^^^ '- ^"-- -^ -in tically stop the sowing of d rt s.eH "^k^""^ ''"^' ^^^'^ p ac" foolish enough to sow poor seed Ih ^^^ owner and if he were M rf ; '^^ ^""^ ^^« his own and h^^'" ^''''\ ^°"'" ^' obtained! W That there was more anfff.-. • ° "^^ "^ ^e liked with- eould be safely Trusted in "t 'I *'/ ^? ^* Present than inspectors, and there was L ij^w' "^ '""">' '""^icipa" -i.-o.asonatallwhy:'-SS;::X%-i^ 26 6, 7, o! lo S ^"^' ^"'^'■''"* violations. (See, also, Nos. 83. Q. A field is sown to wheat or flax, but for several reason, there .s practically nothing but weeds when the inspector si;, it ?n «htld ^he^nTp-elrtSr^ ''' ''''' ^^ ^^^"« ^" -^- ^^^^ ^^ion and R'nTHf JTl'^'"'''" has been sprea.i over a field in the sprinR coliSe e , as KH- ' """"^ ^ "«/^a-" why it must necessarily b^ rZtnr^ ^ *^ " '"■''P- " ^^^'"^ '•" n«t sufficient crop there to pay for harvesting, ,t should be dealt with under section 7 If the owner senously objects, then deal with him later under section 5 hv IZ ^r/t ^"" P'"«''^' '^ ^' P'-^^^'^t^ ^'^tion under section 7 by agreemg to take care of the field after harvesting any supposed 7 24 25.r '"* ''" "°* ''"^ °"* h'« P----- 'see^Iso!'Nos 84. Q. Can a weed inspector change his orders? A. Yes, if contingencies arise which give new . auditions Tn gmng orders where the consent of the councillor has been neccssarv conn.Tn'' 'T^* ^' '^^''^"^ ^^*^°"t the written consent of ?£ councillor or his successor. Don't make changes by word of mouth Have all orders and changes certified to by the signaturrof al pTons concerned. Some men forget and they need to see their own Tame ora'^^'^rustcto^ ^^ --'''' '''- ^^ ''^ ^^-' -^- '"- = Konelo ^ee? %?I depart^ment at once-not after the weeds have gone to seed. (See, also, Nos. 8, 22, 75, 58, 87, 20.) 86. Q. If an owner fails to notifv the .secretarv trpRsnrpr nf o,, agent appointed under the proviso to sectiors mus 'the Tn^Pector send any notice to the owner? inspector A. The Act does not require it, but as mentioned several times m this pamphlet, it would be no more than business courtesv to notify the owners. In many cases, it would save money or tho municipality. (See, also, No. 36.) ^ ^^"^ nejct o? duty"? ' "''''^" '"'' ^^^'' ^"'"«* ^ "^^ '^P-*- ^or 20. 22.\ ^''' ""''"■ '''*'°'' ^^ "^ *^' ^'^- (^«^' «'«"' Nos. 58, 66, ^"m^ '^^Wi "Ufa 27 thero'?« 1 -ttt^X:toLt r H*° ! "^ -'^ ^*» that "^e to .e the weed -pcctor trr^ht^tntn^^' ^^^^ '^ -"'^ and slovenly farm/oT th, „ "oLhn ^^ '° '" °"^ °^ ^h" Sy ''ttle attention to him. (SeraC No 23 ) "''' ''''"' ^'''^' ""^ -d'alllL^^^^^^^^^ •^;;^fte„ with .nustarci adjoins the action should the inspector take? '"'*'' '^ ""''y ^«'^'y. What -owfd JUn! TenVvThr sJed'T ^" '^^'^ *^^ ^-^^ - ^'"' road njent^^Xeby'ltX^lies'tttsf/ "-' ^-s an arran^e- PJouKh up and seed down the'' oad ^f,:^ '° ""^ ?'-"'^'- ^^o wish "To s being taken advantage of to so J evf"? k^^"'"'"« ^'^ ^^"''- It the road easily pays for the work * ^'^"""^ '^^ ^^y froni pJoughed'iorstroy w^^eJsT''*" ^"^'«^^ '" *>-'"« unoccupied land remembe'l'Thal inTdoingTe '1^1,1* '' "^^^^«^^^' b"* one should erop of weeds next year, 'some s^v ^'. T^^""'^ *^^ J«»d for a better someone to put it in crop " PossThT' ??"'['' '' ^^^ ^^en you wilfgct ..offy the owner or oocupan, ta wri«r,';'' rr"!;'" »"'' "'"■'<■*" (6) Th*^ble receptacles that wiU feedYne o^sh'/'^'f '"'' u^ '"''^. '^"^^ ^" *'-^»^'t t° be used for the which .re th^ "^'^ f 'l"*^'' ^'•^ ^'^ «"'' J^^^Pt within inclosures weed nspectors'"'" "^ '"^'" '"' ^"'^^^* *° '"^P^^*'°" ^y mnn/hi,,¥^*.u^ f/^*?"' *"" '"^'''^ screenings are sold shall be furnished monthly to the Minister of Agriculture by managers of elevators. SECTIONS 15, 16 AND 17 OF THE SEED CONTROL ACT OF CANADA. ho h?^' ^^''*'°? ^^- "'^"^ purchaser of seeds, with respect to which Jeen virr^" *° '"'P'"* ^'^ ^'"^^« ^^^^ ^"^ P'-^^i^i"" «f this Act has been violated or any person charged with the enforcement of this Act at his request, may take a sample from the said seeds and forward it TnJiV •"' ^'Y' f'P"''* "P"*^ ^»y «^<^d submitted for analysis under the provisions of this Act." "••a'j'sis Section 16. "Any sample of seed taken for official analysis under the provisions of this Act shall be taken in the presence of: (a) The person who sold or offered, exposed or had in his pos- session for sale the said seeds; or (6) "Two impartial or noninterested witnesses; and, in accordance with the rules for seed testing prescribed by the xMinister of Agriculture and shall be inclosed in a sealed package, together with a certified statement of the person taking the sample which statement shall include the name and address of the person who sold or offered, exposed or had in his possession for sale, the seeds from which the said sample was taken the manner m which the receptacle, package, sack or bag was marked, and the section or sections of this Act in violation of which the said seeds were lound or suspected to be sold or offered, exposed or had in possession for sale " bection 17. "Any sample of seed taken from any seed which is AcTshaTl TeTat:' ' d f' "^V? ^^^'^^^^^ '' *^« Provisions of th Act Shall be taken and forwarded to an official seed analyst: (a) From seeds that are sold in sealeu packages, sacks, hags or receptacles, at the time of the breaking of the seal thereon- .,»i^jrs^-PfS7' 51!ffit«'J"»'S?SI»^._^ 29 Address samples to: 1. Dominion Seorf Branch. Calgary Altn sliall be as follows: '"Mn'ng of (he term "noxious weeds' Wild Oats (Avena fauta L ) Ni«ht-flowering cathfly '^i^nf ioiiS'"" "r''^^ ^'^•"^• campion (Silene latifol a rMlin n •^°''^ ^-^ »nd bladed Cow Cockle (Saponaria ya ca f l\ "'*'" '"^^ '^^"d'^)' St nkweed (Thlaspi arvense L nlrJ^'f (Camelina species) S^' Mustard (Neslia paniculata rr ^ n ^ Wild Radish CWor.k *'"'"^"''iia (L.) Desy.). Wild Mustard m^""' raphanistrum L.). »»uu ^viusiard (Brassica aryensis (J \ ^ a ., species). ai-yensis (L.) and other wild Brassica Rbgras, (Plantago lancedata L ) R»8«'eeds (Ambrosia species). '' CaSa ^Se'^SSr™"" '™""">™."n, L,, CUcor, (Cie!!riim"r;bu7LT *' *■"■■'■ Sow Thistles (Sonchus species) be. toler«:d"]r'r„ro.Trsir Irt °i "«'°- »•-* ">at may tong free from tjie seeds J,L ^ '*""'»« 'Wr oharacte/1^ «e«o„ 6 of this Ac. sTa*be .^"Luo'ws:""* """'" "■« ~i^6 " I; I Hl| 'u^- • 30 \Mm (a) For seed of oats, barley, wheat or other seeds similar in sije, one weed seed in one pound avoirdupois; (6) For seed of white clover and grasses, five weed seeds in one » ounce avoirdupois. 3. Nothing in these regulations shall be construed to apply to timothy, red clover, alfalfa or alsike seed that may be marked with a designation of the grade of seed "Extra No. 1" as defined in section 8, clause (a) of the Act. 4. The percentage standards of vitality for good seed of the various kinds of cereals, grasses, clovers, forage plants, flax, field root and garden vegetable crops shall be as follows: Percentage Germination For cereal grains, flax, Indian corn and millet 95 For peas, beans and vetches gg For red clover, alfalfa, alsike, white and other clovers 95 For timothy, chickfoot and meadow fescue go For all other grasses gO For mangel and beet (160 sprouts from 100 balls) balls . . 90 For turnip, swede, rape, radish, cabbage and cauliflower. . 90 For spinach and carrot 80 For celery, parsley and parsnip 65 For onion, leek and tomato go For lettuce g^ For cucumber, melon, squash and other cucurbits go Copies of The Seed Control Act can be obtained by writing to the Seed Commissioner, Department of Agriculture, Ottawa. Copies of The Noxious Weeds Act can be obtained by writing to the Weeds Commissioner, Department of Agriculture, Regina. Department of Agriculture, Weeds and Seed Branch, Regina, Sask., April, 1916. Additional copies of this pamphlet can be obtained by writing the Weeds Commissioner, Department of Agriculture, Regina, an. asking for Bulletin No. 44.