CIHM
Microfiche
Series
(Monographs)

ICMH

Collection de
microfiches
(monographles)

Canadian Inatitut* for Hiatorica: Microraproductiona / Inatitut Canadian da microraproductiona hiatoriquaa

1996

Technical and Bibliographic Notes / Notes technique et bibliographiques

The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original
copy available for filming. Features of this copy which
may be bioliographically unique, which may alter any of
the images in the reproduction, or which may
significantly change the usual method of filming are
checked below.

D

D
D

D

Coloured covers /
Couverture de couleur

I I Covers damaged /

' — ' Couverture endommagte

I I Covers restored and/or laminated /

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r~| Cover title missing / Le titre de couverture manque

I I Coloured maps / Canes gdographiques en couleur

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Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire)

I I Coloured plates and/or illustrations /

' — ' Planches ei/ou illustrations en couleur

I I Bound with other material /

' — ' Relie avec d'autres documents

Only edition available /
Seule Edition disponible

Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion
along interior margin / La reliure serree peut
causer de I'ombre ou de la distorsion le long de
la marge int^rieure.

Blank leaves added during restoratkms may appear
within the text. Whenever possible, these have
been omitted from filming / II se peut que certaines
pages blanches ajout^es lors d'une restauration
apparaissent dans le texte, mais, kiisque cela «tait
possible, ces pages n'ont pas ^e filmees.

L'Institut a microfilme le meilleur examplaire qu'il lui a
616 possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exem-
plaire qui sont peut-6tre uniques du point de vue biWi-
ographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite,
ou qui peuvent exiger une modifications dans la m«th-
ode normaie de filmage sont indiques ci-dessous.

I I Coloured pages / Pages de couleur

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I I Opposing pages with varying colouration or
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best possible image / Les pages s'opposant
ayant des colorations variables ou des decol-
orations sont filmtes deux fois afin d'obtenir la
meilleur image possible.

D

Addjtkmal comments /
Commentaires supplementaires:

This ittin is filmad at the rtduclion ratio chacktd balow/

C« docvment est film^ au taux de riduetion indiqui ci-denous.

lOX 14X 1»X

I — I — I — r— I — I — I I I I — I — r

sx

XX

12X

20X

32X

The copy firmtd h«ra hai b««n raproducad thanka
to tha ganarotity of

D.B. WtMon Library
Univtriity of Wttlarn Ontario

L'axamplaira fllm4 fut raprodult grlca i la
gtntroiit* da:

O.B. Waldan Library
Univanity of Waitarn Ontario

Tha imagaa appaaring hara ara tha baat quality
poaalbia considaring tha condition and laglblllty
of tha original copy and In kaaping with tha
filming contract apacKlcationa.

Original CQplai In printad papar eovara ara fUmad
baglnning with tha front eovar and anding on
tha laat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa-
aion, or tha back eovar whan appropriata. All
othar original copiaa ara fllmad baglnning on tha
firat paga with a printad or Illuatratad impraa-
tion, and anding on tha laat paga with a printad
or illuatratad impraaaion.

Laa imagas aulvantat ont at* raproduitaa avac la
plua grand aoin, compta tanu da la condition at
da la nattata da l'axamplaira fllma, at tn
conformlta avac laa condltlona du contrat da
fllmaga.

Laa axamplairaa originaux dont la couvartura an
papiar aat imprim4a aont film*a an eommanfant
par la pramiar plat at an tarminant aoit par la
darnitra paga qui eompona una amprainta
d'Impraaaion ou d'llluatratlon, aoit par ia lacond
plat, aalon la eaa. Toua laa autraa axamplairaa
originaux aont filmta an commancant par la
pramlira paga qui comporta una amprainta
d'Impraaaion ou d'llluatration at an tarminant par
la darnitra paga qui eompona una talia
amprainta.

Tha laat racordad frama on aach micro! icha
ahall contain tha aymbol ^^ Imaaning "CON-
TINUED "I. or tha aymbol ▼ (maaning "END ").
whichavar appliaa.

Un daa aymbolaa auivanta apparattra aur la
darnitra imaga da chaqua microficha. aalon la
eaa. la aymbola — *■ algnifia "A SUIVRE", la
aymbola V algnifia "FIN".

Mapa. plataa. charta, ate., may ba filmad at
diffarant raductlon ratloa. Thoaa too larga to ba
antiraly Includad In ona axpoaura ara filmad
baglnning in tha uppar laft hand cornar, laft to
right and top to bottom, aa many framaa aa
raquirad. Tha following diagrama llluatrata tha
mathod:

Laa eartaa, planchaa, tablaaux, ate., pauvant itra
filmta t daa Uux da raductlon difftrants.
Loraqua la document aat trop grand pour ttra
raprodult an un aaul ciicha, 11 aat filma 1 partir
da I'angia aupAriaur gaucha. da gaucha a droite.
at da haut an baa, an pranam la nombra
d'Imagaa nteaaaaira. Laa diagrammaa auivanta
illuatrant la mMhoda.

1 2 3

1

2

3

4

5

6

MIOOCOfT nsOtUTION IBI ctun

(ANSI and ISO lESI CM»«T No, J)

1.0

^us, 1^

■^ tii 12.2

iTKi ■-

I.I

S us 1 20

=

ill 1.8

mm^

APPLIED irvMGE Ir

1655 Eosl Ua-i St-Mt

Sociester, ^e* Ycri. 1*609 US*

(716) 4B; - OJOO- Pno".

(716) 288-5989 -fa.

J.;?, .,u.^

Prewnted fo the Tnirtee* ol the Toronto Public Library

J. ROSS ROBERTSON

Ornithological Collection

TORONTO:

1919

PRICE TWKNTY-FIVE CBNTS.

llllHilllBI' lllllllll|«»il!!llilll<liilllllll«i>li!!19<»«llllll»"l;h*HI«(1'lhii

I THIS OKNITHOLOOII-Al. COIJ.KITION

i COMFMUSKS WATKH COLorilS IIY Wll.-

J 1. 1AM POPK. OK HOHT KYKHSK: PI.ATKS

£ IN COLOl'H HY I.OIIS AOASSIZ KIKK

I Tta. A((OMPi.ianp;n biiu> aiitist.

t AND OTHKK PICTrUKS II.LISTHATIVK

1 OK HIKI) I.IKK IN CANADA

I THK POPK COLLKCTION WAS KOU

1 MALUY OPKNKD 2!1TH JANrAKY. 1M7,

I THK OTHKH Pl.ATKS BKINli ADDKD

' l.ATKK.

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Tl>ia Is. therefore a dp.i^ ^ "Ktoriral bnrkt-roimd.

PuWio Librar.v. Ja„,

-'!"h. lr)i7.

"RORGK II I,ocKE

ui'iMoNs Ml- iJisriNi.nsiir.i) (H<mtih>i.(»(;ists.

KKliAKIilMl IHK I'lH'K lUtA WIN41H.

Mr. <• W, N...1I, rhf will Infnrmrd HI«1<>bI»; nf iho rrovlnrtiil Mu»^uin
(If OiiiHrln. wlin klmll> |»n'|iHrcii lli«- Iti*.' riiillntiH fur lln'«f plilu'-i'h,
HtatcH thiit:

'■'V\w 'iriittiiiiih of I'liiiadhtn liirilw. iiihiIp 1i> Mr. rop4-. itnd pr<'M>ntM
|i> .Mr. ,1 l•l^- ItoIiiriHon tu llii' l>iihll«- l.lbnir> of Ih4> rH> i»f Tnronio,
ulll riiiik .iiimriK \\u Uvst work uf thin rIat'H fwr dnm' Th<> rnlnrnliou nf
thr ipliliiiaKi' in iddhI nf ihi-tii )h rt'rnarVablt' fur Its iirnirury and the Atlt-
tuUc of ili(> Hiihjcct tM III all (iiHt'i) natural and rharai-trrlttllr of the ipeclrs
di'llnrutcd.

"I.DVt'rr' or art ami italiiriill>«it< v\ill find pli>iiKur«> ami [irofli In Mtudy-
Um thi-t)<> |tirniri-H, uhl<'li nm ()nl> raliliriill>- iKirtray thp birdH tlifninelvpii,
but alHo ■tiifriclt'iit of tilt' rialiirul huhltat of each H|)Ocifn to mIiow whfTf It
may bf f'xiM'ctfd to hp found In lifi-.

"Th" clii/i'tis of Toroiiio bitvc fvi ry rcanon tn br urntp'ul lo Mr.
Itobt'i'tHun for tiu> iitibllc i^Mlrli lii< Iimh v^hown In pur<-hHttlnK i^nd pr»'Hf>nlinfE
to Ibr I'lty thlH Ixaiitlful lolb-cllon of druwinKH."

Mr. .liiints 11. Kli iiiiiii;. of Torotitn. a r«f!)KMlzpd and wjdt'ly-known
autlioi'lty on oiriilliolnux. wli'i li.ts I lu< nioKl roinph't*' prlratt< rolltTlInn In
Canada, after rnrofiilly ^xaniliiinu thi> ivorV of Mr Vn\tv. wrltpn:

"It has iH'i'h my prlvlli'iii' to cxamiTic thn Pope drawlntiH. and «h*'rp
nnt'ssary to t-onipari' tb<-in with tht* bird or anlninl thi>y rrprPHrnt. and I
tiitvi' hrt'n Ktrut'k with ibr .xruracy tn drawing and i-olnrlnft: In fad, tbry
would liavi> broutihl fanu< lo the artJNt bad tliry bt'rn puhlifibi>d at tht> rartv
di)l«' 'licy wiTc madr. To ihi' naturalist tbcy tuTvc an an Invaluable reeord
of thf fauna of tbo dake l-:rir reRlon at a time when the eonnlry wan utill
revered by Its nrin na! forest. Not only are the birds and .mlnials »bown.
but the ba<'kRroun>l>t ori<<n have detailH that the botanist vlll find of In-
teresi. Toinnto bat* reiison 'o he Krateful to Mr. J. Hobs Mooertson for the
prrseni.'tion of tlilB i.nliiuf rollrctlon of drawlnRH."

wii.i.i \M roi'K. isii-ioo:.

Mr. William Pope was a very InterPsllnB man and a rarher unique
rharaeter, He was born in Maidstone, Kent, Kng.; educated ther;"
and at Sevenoaks. Kent. In 1S34 he made liis first voyape to
America; tnivclled exten.-iively in the States, remained for a time In west-
prn Ontario, and th<>n rpturned to Encl.ind. He asain eame to Tanada In
1S4*. Several visits were made to the old land up to 1853. when Mr. Pope
determined to settle permanently in Canada, and for more than fo. y ypam
lived near Port Ryerae, Norfolk County. He took no active interest In
public affairs, but remiiined a perotstent student of nature, HI.* work for
the most part eonsists of n eombinatlon of pen and ink and water color,
the pen beinc used chiefly to outline the detail In the plumaRe rf the bird
or hair of the animal. In addition to these drawings, which a'e rivflll<'d
inly by nature. Mr. Pope wrote much that Ir of interest on the life and
habitfi of his subjects. His portrait Is in the collection.

CATALOGUE OF THE COLLtcnON

" ''"'" 'n t:iiiil,iiHl

III

NOTI.

/*. 17,.

*"« 1.1,1 „,
'I'm; ),„ ,/|, I
'■'»' ;„„,

". /v ,(..,,

OIVINQ .,«OS-ORDER .-PVOO.ODE,.
„ , 0''«'»««-F.mMy Colymblda,.
'«•( .« unlike ,i,o„e ,„ „,' du 1 , ■ '' '' I""'" "IN ri„,r

,"';"."'""••"' ■"'"■■'-'" ""Jw." ...allow H,"r;"", :"" " '"•■>

•h. air. on l.nd ,h,, „. ,/„ awkward »L " '"■""■■>"■' -'<■>

bird, ,„a, »,. ,„v„. d.vl„,,Lr?i, ■„'."" ""■ '"""' -"O-" -n..! •

••«- -=^ « "^ '^M:^''o.^"S„:'?i;!;;" ^.."^i"'' '^"i-;. :^,"™' •«•:■ :,y

^nrf'ih'''"' ''"°"^™'"°""m^^^^^ ".•'";— 'Adult) Tl,i» „„..H,„ ,

Sir ,L- '? r£?^v2 - "'-'■". '".:^£' :S-

'>l,unduii|„„ ,|,„f" °""5-Colyn,bu, .urltu^-H.II Dlv.r ,v. ,

"lilt r. Aliiflii (i)

'Mi;rSf'^''''''\-°""^':':'a7^^^^ OI„r-

s," Wr^:,i;' ""•• •"'" ■'"■"■ •■«!- sJ"; 7ir™7," 't' 1"";^ ■""■"'"v

5

LO0N»— Fimtly Oavlidsr.

••xifrnull). i-hi>'ri> in th*- lull Mrhbt'it fiHii. I itil i>f th*- iiHlivhliiul lubv.l

tu«« uf lht> flri'tK' Mnd llic ii.<irt> polntttil H|H<iir I ki* bill. Tlivtr uvfU hiv
lilui'fit iM-iir ttic iiiiirulrt ul fiim*' liiliirHl liit«>. l.lkv ilif (lr<'b«'M, ilit'> liuvc
■iumII wIdkh unil niiiHt Hrnt Rt'i tht'lr tmpflui from Ihit wiitfr tn onitr lo
iIhh, but tlit-y vli- ullh tli*-iii In iHvlriK. und dlMiiiipwur at u riunb iif ii Kuti
rii«< exprfr>i«liiii Tnixy iih u Lixiti" Im titii h fmirirul iinf, btiiiK roniM-i) froiu
tilt' vmr)y niornlnK untl 4<vt'hliiK untlrH nf the bin), Hbfti iwii ur tiitm- *>l
thmu will rucf ovar thtt tup uf iln' muut iiKitIdk ilit'lr lU'inonitnul iHUKlilfr

r> (11) RIO-THROATIOLOON— QavlatUltaU— {Youngi A (otiiriiou
■prIiiK nitil atitiirtiii vlftltitr in ilit< mittTH uf (Jnnirin, brt-t'dinu In ilii' fur
iiurih uitd n-ilrliiK Houtliwitnl tm Hh luturitit frif/i- up. Ii m tli)> Miiiullmi
uf Ihf I.OIII1 fiunlly. beInK -Tt InrhfM In IftiKtIi. In NUtntncr iht« bHfk. h^'uU
aiiU nt'ck itu' Krey, the lulli-r bi-lnx Nlrlpcd m'iIi white A lurift- rlD-Hinul
patch uddinti till- froni nf thf lovit-r purt uf tin- hf-k, hi wlnit-r ili»- luck
U Hputtftl with whK*' Thfy liavn (wn fKtin ut u Kri^'nlitli brown Hpnltt'd
with bhu'k SI/... li'Hi X 17.-, Mu.b- in Nov. IKfiL- Ht'f T:h

tONO WINOKD SWIMMERft— OnOIR II.— LONQIPENNir

0ULL8 AND TERNft— Family Larldat-

(IiiIIm un> wt'b rnuicd binlH, haviiiK u Hllttht hmik tu Ihf fnti uf the
upper niaiidtble. Their pluniaitH Ik uRually xllv^r grvy above* and white
bflow. They ncKt In Iufk^ rolonb'M on both fresh water inland und Hea
coaRt. They proriiri' from thf Hiirfar*' of thp water their fmid, which <-ou-
hIhIh nioKtly of dfud tM\ and rHfiiNf matter. TernH are blrdH of nlnillar
plunittKu tu (he Rulls. Honiewhat \enn robuHl, and tlielr bitirt lonKtr uut
«harply polnt«'d.

6-~(51) HERRING GULL— Larui ar(|«nUtU*— (Youilfl)— The Merrltitt
Uull la twenty-four Inches In lenKth. It Ih a very common rfMldent, fre-
quenting the Clreat Lakes at all seaHonH. but moit abundant in winter, and
breedn regularly nn many of the lakett and niarHhea of ibe interior. They
lay three eggs of a greyish color, marked with brown, and. in rare cases,
unniiottt'd bhilMli-whltt' ckks itri* found. Size J. 8 x 1.7. See 231.

7— (M) BONAPARTE'S GULL— Larus Philadelphia— (Young) A c»ni-
mou spring and autumn vlnltor to the Qreat Lakes. Occasionally seen
during the summer months, but the bulk go north and west of Ontario to
breed. They nest In great numbers on the marshes of Manitoba. The
nests, of sticks and grass, are placed on tho higher partfl of (he marsh, and
three or four ei(KK are laid durttiK the latter part of June. Eggs are
Kre.visli (o greenUb blown, und uie marked with dark brown and lilac.
Size 1 !m X VM).

R~(60) BONAPARTE'S GULL— Larua phlladtlphla-~<Young) Made

No-, m. 1H«;{. s.*e 2:i2. :utJ.

9 -(77) BLACK TERN— Hydrochalldon nigra aurlnamtnals— (Adult)—
This tern is nimmon in summer In nome of the large marshes of Ontario,
but Is not generally distributed: breeds where It occurs. It Is ten Inches In
length: a dainty, urartfiil bird: very active. They capture many Insects
In the air: breed In large coloniea- making a neit of decayed reedn and
grasaes, or often laying their eggs upon rafts of decayed vegetation
which are floating oti the water. They lay three eggs of a brownish or
greenish color, very heavily blotched with blackish brown. Size of eggs
i:tr \ .H-, Mud. .luni' lit. is4r.. s.<e j:i4. 34:'.

I" ar- ruiiiiii I, .. "■

M.ml

Th..) r.vj
II I III) I',

:"• ""- — i.«"' "' ""^ ' '- »«-.■ , ,„„ , -

'" itKi OOOlL.c,.., '■

■•'Oni.no. u. „ u,»: t'«/;V'';''' '■'"''" ''"M "',.,, '"','' "'"' ■""■'"'"

"■AMtLLmOiTRAL 8WIMM...

'" '""^MiiiiK 111.'

IfM June ,hey la, froi'^i'V"'' '■•-I- "" ■ "ill'';','''" '"; """-

■ ;;' ;i33^'^ ^- - '-:'" *° ^'?,:',-.''"^ «-n^:r:,„„;:' i;-

n;er r,.,|,|e„,I ,r,^*^„'<^ ""S^if-*"?, ""■-Pe-.M,,., ,

EF-SSS ~""^'^';t: ^^-i ^.'

f ■•'Ih.rs anrt d,„vn Thl T""", "^ ""•■"«■ traT, ■ ?h """' '' '" ' an

1""(135)— OADWALL— Chtuleliimui itreperut— (Fem»l«)— A rare
Miiiinifr rfsiiicnt; breeds commonly in Manitoba. (Jadwalls nest on the
Kronnd among the reedw and marshes. Tliey malte little oi iiu n^s!. but
line the cavitv with down Irom their breasts. They lay from seven to
twelve eggs ot'a creamy butt color. Size :;.10 x I.611. Make in oclobei'. 1>69.

IS (136) WIDGEON— Mareea penelope— (Female) A Kuropean duck,
which has occasionally been taken in America. It is similar in build and
plumage to the following species, save that the whole head, with the
e.\ception of the white crown, is chestnut. They lay from si.\ to ten liirht
bnft-colored egBs. Size J.Jii s l..".ii. See :'3ll.

19— (137) BALDPATE— AMERICAN WIDGEON— Mareca amencana—

(Male) — The Baldpate iso called because ui the wliite crown I is regiiided

us a great table delicacy. The male birds are handsomely marked, having
a white crown, wing coverts and under parts, and a broad green stripe
hack of the eye. It is a fairly common migrant and an occasional summer
resident in Lakes Erie and Ontario. Arrives In April, and leaves with the
first sharp frost. They build their nests in the rushes, making them of
lee ,,s and gi-ass. and llniug Ihem wilh lealhers. Madp in October. 1M3.
S.e ;:!'.i. a63.

20 — (139) GREEN-WINGED TEAL — Nettion carolinenie — (Male and
female)— Common in the spring and autumn migrations; breeding In the
north from Labrador 10 the Pacific coast. Arrives as soon as the marshes
are open, and leaves about the end of October. These birds can be identi-
fied by the reddish brown head and neck, with a large green patch beliind
each ear; although fourteen inches in length, ihey are 1. r -smallest re-
liresentatlve of the Duck family. Tliey are eagerly sought by sportsmen,
both because of Iheir beauty and the excellence of their flesh. Eggs
huffy, four to ten in number. Size 1.85 x 1.2.i. See 239, 350.

21 — (140) BLUE-WINGED TEAI — Querquedula diiccrs — (Male and
female)— Common summer resident; breeding in all suitable places
throughout the Province of Ontario. Arrives in April, and leaves about the
end of September. It Is another small species known by the blue wing
coverts and the white crascent in front of eye. They place their nest of
grass and weeds on the ground In meadows near water, the same as the
preceding species. Eggs huffy white, six to twelve in number. Size
l.liO X 1.311. Made in 1864. See 240.

22— (142)— SHOVELLER DUCK— Spatula clypeata— (Female)— A re-
gular, but uncommon, summer resident of Ontario; breeds throughout its
range. Very abundant In the prairie sloughs of Manitoba. This duck Is
twenty inches in length. h«s a green head and speculum, blue wing coverts
and chestnut belly. The bill Is long and broad at the tip. It makes Its
nest on the ground in marshy places, of grass, weeds and feathers. Six to
ten eggs of greenish or leaden grey color. Size 2.10 x l.r,\ .Made in
October. lMi3. See 240. 564.

23— (143) PINTAIL DUCK — Dafila acuta — (Male)— A common spring
and autumn visitor to southern Ontario; occasionally breeding in the
marshes about Lake Erie. Arrives as soon as the marshes open, and leaves
when thev freeze. Also known as the Sprig-tail, is about thirty inches
long, its length depending upon the tall feathers, the central one of which
is long and pointed. Made Aiiril 20, 1847. See 24. 241.

24— (143)— PINTAIL DUCK— Dafila acuta— (Female)— A ,-ommon
spring and autumn visitor of southern Ontario; occasionaUy breeding in
the marshes about Lake Erie. They nest near the water, laying from six
to twelve eggs ot dull olive color. Size 2.20 x 1.50. Made in April. n47.

-5 (144)— WOOD DUCK »•
-'6— (146) REDHEAD DUCK_m,. .

__ '^i" u, i«-ii. Sfo ''4 ''4''

10

^4— (151) GOLDEN-EYE DUCK— WHISTLER— Clangula clangula
americana — (Female) — Common winter resident of the southern part of
Ontario; breeds In the interior. This species nests In hollow trees near
tbe water, lining the cavity with grasa, moss and leaves, and down from
tbelr breasts. In May and June they lay tram six to ten eggs of a greyish
green color. Size i;.;{il x 1.7ii. Madf June 3. 1H47. See :{;'.. 1*44, ;Jt>5,

36— (153) BUFFLE-HEAD DUCK— Charitonetta albeola— (Male) -This
handsome little dnck is also known by tlin names of "Butter-ball" and
"Dipper." It is fifteen inches long, and has a large white patch in the back
of the head from eye to eye. It is capable of diving to a great depth to get
Its food, is a common spring and autumn visitor to southern Ontario, breed-
ing at some points throughout (he province, probably regularly in the
north. Arrives as soon as the Ice goes out In the spring, and remains In
tliH Hutunin until its haunts arp frozen over. Si'f ;!6. 2-'!fi. "60.

36— (153) BUFFLE-HEAD DUCK— Charitonetta albeola— (Female)—
Common spring and autumn visitor throughout the province, breeding at
sonu- points in southern Ontario, and probably doing so regularly in the
northern portions. Xesta In hole in tree stump lined with down. Eggs
eiglii lo rourreen. Size I'.mi x l,4ii. Made Nov, H. lsi:>,. See :!">. lilttJ. 3lj"t

37_(154) OLD SQUAW— COWEEN—Harelda hyemalls— (Female) -.)
very abundant winter resident on the IakP3. arriving about the beginning
of November, and departing at the end of April, Breeds along the Ar^ ic
coast. Is called "Long-tailed Duck." In summer the plumage of the male
is blackish brown with a white patch around the eye. In winter they are
largely white. The central tail feathers are much lengthened. They place
their nests of grasses and weeds on the ground near the -.vatfr. Eg^s
number from six to twelvt^. Sizi* L'.Oii x 1.50. See l'46,

3S— (163) AMERICAN SCOTER— Oidemia americana- (Female)— A
regular winter visitor to the Great Lakes, but nevpr very comninn. Breeds
In the Arctic regions. Scoters, or "Coots.' as they are called, aro Spa Ducks.
It is entirely black without markings, base of bill yellow and orange. Nest
,1 hollow In the ground lined with down. It conceals its nest like the Elder.
Six to ten egga of a dingy buff color. Size 2.50 x 1.70. Made in Nov., infill.

39— (164) VELVET DUCK— Oidemia fusca— (Female) -A Europnan
duck, which has sometimes visited American waters. Called "Velvet
Scoter." Thp females of all the Scoters are a dingy brownish color, but
show the characteristic marking of the species, although the white is dull
and sometimes mottled. Made in October, 1S60.

4(1— (166) SURF SCOTER— Oidemia perapicillata—(Female)— Breeds
along the coast or in the interior, building a nest lined with down In
the mar?h grass bordering small ponds. They lay from five to eight huffy
cream-colored eggs. Size 2.40 x 1.70. The Surf Scoter Is a regular but not
common visitor to our lakes in spring and autumn. Made in Nov., 1S6.1,

-Oidemia persplcillata — (Female) — ^Made in

41^(166) SURF 8C0TER-

Aprll. 1870.

42— (167) RUDDY DUCK— Edtmatura jamaicensis— (Male)— Common
In spring and autumn. Breeds from our southern boundary northward
Miv be recogi''7ed bv the brownish or chestnut upper parts, blackish
Tcwn. white cheeks and silver white under parts. The bill Is vpry stout
and broad at the end. and the tall feathers are stiff and pointed like those
of a Cormorant, Spo 4:i. 236. 362.

n

43— (167) RUOOY DUrK e

mmMmmm

<5-(181) TRUMPETER swam «.' '^ " ''"■ '''■'' -■'^- '■'■">'■

47— (194) GREAT BLUE HERON « ^
CRANES, RAfLfi ct/* «-.

-.Ls;orr.u!;:::rc"oTr-T----

, 1^ -(212) VIRGINIA RAIL R .. '"'' """a «*«"■

•"ny T=. •1S45.'"' "" """■ ""-W^d ,v„h reddish b™^^'' Sl/eTsfx":!.'.''?,,"!

12

4<j~(214) SORA RAIL— Porzana Carolina— (Young)— AbuiU eijfbt
Inches loim, and kuuwn by th^ black face and throat of the adult. It is a
very abundant siimmt-r resident ot marslieti all over the province. ArriviQg
about the middle of April, und deimrtliig about the end of Uctober. They
are annually Hlaugbtered by thousands iu the United States- and it is only
because of the large (ainlUes that they rear that they are able to withataud
this decimation uf tlieir ranks. During May they lay from six to sixteen
eggs of a bright buffy grey color, spotted with reddish brown and lavender.
Si/.H I :;." X .I'll. See -•')!'. :iHK.

5U— (219) FLORIDA GALLINULE (2j— Gallinula galeata-A common
su..imer resident of t)ie southern marshes of Ontario; breeding throughout
Its range. Arrives about the middle of April, and departs towiir<ls the end
of October. This iiird is thirteen inches long, dark sl;ite colored, with
flanks streaked with white and bill and crown plate reddish. Nests In
marshes and swamps. Kggs pale huff, spotted with rufns brown. Size
1.7." > l,:;ii. Sec UoS. 37y, 562.

MOORHEN (1)— Gallinula chloropus A common Mritisli bird,
frequenting rush bordered streams and marshy plao'is.

51^(221) AMERICAN COOT— FuMca americana— (Adult)— The Coot
heart) some r< -umblance to the Gallinule, but is somewhat larger, its bill
is white with a blackish band about the middle, and each toe has a scal-
loped lob . They are a common summer reiMent, breeding sparingly i<i
our southern marshes and sloughs, and more abundantly northward. In
order to avoid observation the Coot skulks through the grass rather than
flies. Nests are either floating piles of decayed v -getation or dead rushes
in clumps on the banks. Tggs six to ten. of a greyisli ground color and
speckled over the surface with blackish. Size l.S"t x l.;'.ii. .Made Oct. 7. 1862
See i-Mi. 381.

SHORE BIRDS— ORDER IX.— LIMICOLAE.
PHALAROPES— Family Phalaropodidae.

Phalaropes are small plover-like bird», but with lobat^ webbed feet
Oiinilar to those of the Grebes and Coots.

52-~(222) RED PHALAROPE— Phalaroput fulicarius— This species, an
irregular spring and autumn visitor of rare occurrence, is about nine inchps
in length. All the Phalaropes are good swimmers and this species is often
found in large flocks off the coast floating on the surface of the water.
They feed upon small marine insects, nest in hollows on the ground lined
with a few grasses; eggs three or four in number, greenish buff color
blotched with brown and blackish. Made Oct. 15. 1868. Se? 254.

SNIPES. SANDPIPERS— Family Scolopa dae.

Members of this family are long-legged waders, and found either about
streams or ponds in the interior or along the coasts. They feed upon small
shell fish or insects which they get usually by probing in the soft mud.

5H— (228) AMERICAN WOODCOCK— Phflohela minor- (Male)— A
summer resident of swampy woods, and one of our beat game b)rds. breeds
throughout its range in Ontario. Arrives about the end of March and de-
parts in November, usually remaining tmtil the first severp frost. Their
flight is very rapid and erratic and accompanied by a peculiar whistling
sound made by the rapid motion of the wings. Their eggs are laid upon
the hare ground among the leaves and sticks. They are of about the color
of dead leaves as is also the bird, making it quite difficult to discover their
nests; four eggs of a buffv color with reddish brown spots, Size 1.50 x
l.ir,. Mr.iie in June. 1859. See 257. 388.

13
H (230) WILSON'S SNIPP r.ii

'Jli-r III*' r voiinv II fiiu I ,_ n' •UK iiuirn to lirt't'd Siiim. ii.... .

Dill

-prlDg .„„ au.unm '^■i''''or^?rZ"Zr'rT,lTkT- '"""' ■'"'

rar.'

"f the whole bird. Thev place heir 1^'r.f .'"'''' '""-■ 'I"""*-'- Ihe lenL,

Vlperj,. frea„entmR ijrassv meadow ""'"" """' "'"■■" "' Hie 'a I

seashore. .Ve,„ are ..rasa.l neH T °^ niarshe» l„ urerereruv t„ i .
>"'n- l,l„u.„e„ „„„ hr,f™'i| jr, ?^'7-;,r», .E™» .re.v,»„ ..".ree,,!

'- ^'•"'<' -^linl 111. 184.-!. See -SI

J5a?- -Se-^XrS ^i?-v"V„^;;, :^;;; „ -- 3-^

peiid'^a ifp«\' .:.^°a^„^"L^:^°,e*1r{''fsV^s:=^,r"" -'^-"-

.0 .he-,S,'„'r'el,"„y°^r,!.Z°Tr^7-'-'"'°" -«— .ica .V rare vW.or
*IShtee„ inehen. Co "^^'i,,';""?;, »■•. "-e barren Br„„„,K " 1 .i^',',",^

-otcbed wi,b brow„i,^,re/'.44''2^,„-rM"^"'.vfr ZZ\ Z"^' '"^

njon'i'n Pp??4 ""Ifr^y In'x'iT.'-nnf^^V' l""»>.uc..lron,.

«n.l, ,be end o, o«„Her. ^^^ i^^'^"]^;'^^^^'''^^ ^^rZ

l-ablt of moving fig ,^^, """"^ '"'y- The Spotted %.J^1 "*" ""'" ''

^ -t. is&H. Spp 262, 386.

PL0VER8-F.„,„ Ch.r.drMd...

Is s common /prinE .,?rt "'1"'"""' P'"^'"." I, 1,7. „ v. " '" ^P""smei
"Migration betwee" ,1,e 2o,h IV'E" '"'I'": Pas.ing Jh^^h'T"" ,"'"" '"'^
Ibey return from hp „„r,h '"7 ="'' 'h'' •'nd of th» f /.^ '" "'^ 'Pi-lns
October. Breeds In thrir^i'" ^"^"^'^ <""> °ema/„ '„''",• :::^''l' '» June
Dumber brou-ni=i, "^ Arttic reirtonR -ri,., " ""^'1 the middle «*

biifr spotted with b aclf =• ' '■''' "»""■■ EEes «rL^ "T"' "KH'IPer.
S-e ofis 3JJ Wack. Size of ^k^s 1.50 .v i ,r v,»rtl f"^ '"' '^'•■''■nlsh

" '" October. I8SB.

and are abnndant „ntn ,h '" '^"' "" """h " b"cd %2 ,^°'' '" ""■ "nH

'"■>«■ l.f.^Klh of

mn muTtb. They
Size

1 and lilac

Unoleucui -.Made

"■'"• •olitiriu'—
"il "hi,,. b„|„,j,
■•'"■lllce. but nn-
fl.v sffn: bur in
f our siriHnis or
d of September.
•■■ "Potted with
e> 262.

'--An abundant
">•'« about the
'■"IK. like those
I "bout as soon
1 the young by
'. 7.6 Inches Id
wet weet" is a
' has a peculiar
3ne or running
■Teeter Tall"
favily spotted
iee 262, .■i86.

IS

iTni'lrom base'o? bMr.u'iyf' " •n,e";"'„r^"':.':..^r"'' '""•",""■ "''-"• "'-"
t close anornoch ""'"'/' "^^ ' "« •'re usually unsuapic uus. and will allow

6i.T!';,rx''"r'.M„-i",;„:,".;,l'^?;.r"t,^«' '■'"" "''"■'"^'' »"" b"«ck

jsl=}=~hh;!:s'^^^^

r!;i^^h^7r^ti-i;;£?SBH^^r"?-

GALLINACEOUS BIROS-ORDER X.-GALLINAE
GROUSE. PARTRIDGES, ETC.-F.mlly T.traonid..

Whites. They feed npon'Crr'^.s.tll, '''Ira'lnlS'msrct' """ '" """ "'"'

iHTKer ht-ads,
r and .slioj-tf.!-

tarola_A re-

to sportsmen
'all hind toe;
n the spring
■eclt In .June,
le middle oj
e or four In
' with black

irc'a—.Made

-(Adult) ^A
'e. breeding
's earlv In
r "Kllldeer,
"■ greenish
oher. 1866.

Ipalmata—
to the end
hey return
lally been
fhe bases

T>. u c- ,l,„.e br, ,.d, a^rraisTd" ,;", ":«.'„.''"sT,.!.l!6 4of "^ ^'" '"' " ■'"■

71— (300«) CANADA RUFFED GROUSE— PARTRlnrr s

bellus togata-Thi. Ruffed (irouse l«"k-T,r„ „»!;,. ^77°°""" >""■

■ s;i"fa- ''Zn. B &ir"''^^^-^^Z

.Ma,l,. .vpril :?li, l":l," il'^ier. " * lameness, broken wings, etc

) PIGEONS AND DOVES-ORDER XI,_COLUMBAE

Family Columbldae.

and f^TZ '^.^':n"fhe''S"'^?e'tX:i'^^;!: ^^ J-P"'-
which two occur within o.ir limits. Their plumage iT soft »nrt l, , ■'
color, the head small, the wing strong and the fTi'ht rapid ^ """""■" '"

forms of twigs, on which one r,. ;wo white egg; are laid 'SlJf^, "i'V."

X 1.02. See 73, 268, 396. '"le eggs are laid. Size of eggs ]K11

73— (315) PASSENGER PIGEON— Ectonlltas mlnnt^^i... /«
Formerly a very abundant summer reside" o"curSi°g In n„^'^;""''T
less Ihousands, now pracicall.v extinct. vX .w":! ?S60. See ?2 'eSi

10

74 <lie) MOURNING DOVI-Z<nald'jri macroura earallnanila-
(Voung) -A rummali nuninitir naldelit, bul aoiiievbit locally dlHtrlbuted
Mniiy *lnlor In the auullMMiilifrn lounllei ot Ontario. Now lliat tbii
ra«»i ngtr I'lifoii hu» prurlli-ully (li»ap|i>-ari'd tliin ii|ii>i'l>>ii bpi'oiiira th.' ovly
oiii' ioiinil 1,1 Ontario. Tln-lr iii'HtH nri. aeOBrally at a low c^.i-atlon, or Iwljis
an.l iootlel», atol H«it» may b.' round rroni early In April until the latl.T
part or Sepeenili.'!-. Two e|ta». white. Hlle Mr, x Ml. See 75. MH. 4011.

:r, (316) MOURNINQ DOVE— Zanaidura macroura earollnenaiao.
See 74. L'tiK. 4011.

VULTURES. HAWKS AND OWLS— ORDER XII.— RAPTORES.
KITES, HAWKS AND EAOLES— Family lutaonldaa.

The nietnbera ot this tanilly live by preylnn upon nmull anltualn or
birds Thi,y have strong, sharply hooked bills, powi'rriii leas and reel
artiifd with curved and sharply poltiteU talotis.

T6-(331) MARSH HAWK — CIrcua hudaoniua— (remalal -This
■peelea is easily IdHiilircd by the white patch on the rump. It is a common
stlnini'T resident, breeding in secluded marshy places throiiRhi, .; the
province, .\rrlves early In April, leaves about the end or October One
or our most iiserul hawks, reeding principally upon the destructive ni.adow
niouae, Tlielr nests, well lined wl'h grasses or rushes, are made In swampy
»( a hun'.nock or clump of grass. Four to seven

ground In the centn

i)Ol lillOKh white eggs. Wlze J. So X 1.40. Made in Oct.. ISdii. s,e i;il!i. 41"

77-(332) SHARP-SHINNED HAWK— Acsipitar valox- (Young) -A
common summer resident, breeding throughout Its range in Ontario Vr-
rives early In April. The bulk denart about the middle or September but
atragglers orten remain until the end ot October. This hawk Is very
destructive to young poultry and small Insectivorous birds. It is one of the
smallest or the Hawks, and. In the adul'. has most beautiful iihimage iieiiig
barreil below with light brown and having a bluisli slate back Its tiest is
a rude frail piatfortn of twigs and leaves placed against the trunk of a
tree. KgKs are bluish white, blotched and spotted with siii,Je8 or brown
Hee 1;"''. 40>*.

7S^(333) COOPER'S HAWK— Acelplter cooperi— (Young) -A rather
uncommon summer resident. Breeds in the interior or the province— a
very destructive hawk. Length seventeen inches. Tbi' plumage almost
exactly the same as that or the preceding hawk. .Vest in crotches of
high trees, made of sticks and twigs, and often lined with pieces of
b!<rk Kegs bluish white, faintly spotted with pale brown. Made June 2.

79— (334) GOSHAWK— Aatur atrlcapillua alricapillua— (Adult) A
winter visitor to southern Ontario, resident and breeding in the interior-
very destructive to game and poultry. One ot the largest and strongest
species, very handsome In the adult plumage. Length twentv-lhree inches
Nest In the tallest trees In dense woods. Three or four eggs, bluish
white, occasionally with faint spots ot brown. Size 2.30 x 1.70. Made
Xovf inlHT 111. 1S60. See SO. 271. 41)7.

80— (334) GOSHAWK— Aatur atrlcapillua atrlcapillua— (Young)— A
winter visitor to southern Ontario, resident and breeding in the interloi —
very ii*-slniclive lo game and pcollry. .Made .N'oveniber. 1H6S. s,e 7H. 271.4117.

81— (339) RED-SHOULDERED HAWK— Butao llnaatua llnaatua—
(Adult)— Length nineteen Inches. They rarely feed upon noultrv. confin-
ing their diet to mice. rats, frogs, snakes, etc. Summer re-^ident tolerably
common In some parts of Ontario: breeds In the Interior. Speclnient are

TI.I. Vw?^.' ""OAD-wrNOtD HAWK , ' "*'

, f< (35.., ouCK HAW? r "*"""' "•'»""'<'».

..r,:L;|J°„', **«"ICAN SPARROW „awK p ,

range in OnTarlo* arri>>?™? ■"""■■"■■• " vS^.^P h','"^ •P"'"!". ,p.^

■ ■' '' *i^- Made
K7-(384) OSPPet^T^^"''"""^ P'ndlcnld...

rr^-^^^^':i^'^'^"^^^^ Hf^i— "™" -

Wrdf as ilhy soar

18

at u elevuilon Bbiim llle »»liT «»ltllii( tor Utb '.) cciini? Ii; ibB «urtuc«
wbin, wllb (olded wlnii. ibB bird ipeedi do»n» d uud pluu|e« Inlo tba
water, rtroly mlMlni Iti pr«y. N«n «re pljtturtiu of •lien uied jetr
■Iter y«»r. and. belni addi-d to. becoma of enorumiK propurllim« bai<
twu or thii-e. bright cream color, blotched wllb chi-.lnui lmi»ii HUe
1!,4" X lull. He'' 2«i'. *"•

HONNIO OWL»— Family ■uhonldaa.
»» -(M7) •MORT-IARIO OWI — Alio tiammaua Scini.Mirae» very
common In the auiunni about ilie low nieado«« and iimr.lieK. iicea.ionally
breedlnic In 3outliern Ontario. ThU bird \» fifteen lTiche« In enalh. ba«
very »hort ear lufi». and l> .ireaked beneath lt« (ood ciin«l.i. alinoi.
entirely of imall rodenta. whlfli they hunt toward. dn«li and at Tilaht
over the mar»he« and meadown. Four to aeven white e(8» laid upon the
around on a llnlTiK of allcka and weeda under a bunh or cl.me to an old
Ion, M/:. or eaan l.V. x l.ir,. .Made in .NoVfUlher. l»il:l. rte|. h:i. :'k,i, 42.1.

S'l-(3«7) 8H0RTIARI0 OWL— Aalo fUmmaui- This owl la loine
times very abundant In the aulu.nn about ihe low meadow« and marahea
It occaalonally breeda In aouthern Ontario but the great majority retire f
the niar»hea of the Interior tor Ihat puriioac .Made In Noviinher. ixii.l

111) - (3M) BARRED OWL— Stria varla varia llenerully diatrlbuted
throuah the province, but not common anywhere, Ni'«t» luive been tound
all throuah ll« ranae, It» lenath la twenty lnche»; food chiefly of rii .. mica
and troga. and. eometlmea but not often, poultry. .Se«l« In hollowa or
hirae tre.» In Ihi' ffiieHl Kour pure white .•«««, Slue 111.1 X 1,1.5, See MO.

91— (372) SAW-WHET OWL— Cryptoglaux acadlca .-cldlca- IFtmala)
— .Mthough thin little owl In a resident of Ontario It Is n'i-"lliii "' M" dl«-
trlbutlon. It In moat frequently seen hi winter and will n »oin.- »easou»
be uulle common In the locality for a time, and may not ugain be «een there
for several yearn. It breeds sparingly In southern Onlario, -ength elgh.
Inches They nest In hollo* trees In deserted woodpeck r hole.' and ha e
been \nown ^o nest In bird boxes near furi.i houses, Tliey lay from threi-
to 6.. while eggs. Size 1.20 x li'O. .Made In .\pril, IMi,!,

112 (3VI— 8AWWHET OWL— Cryptoglaux acadlca acadica-
Made In .july. 18.W, See 281,

lYounB)

93— (375) ORBAT-HORNED OWL— Bubo yirslnianus vriin.inuJ—
(Adult)-A fairly common resident, breeding throughout Its range; l!ie
strongest and most courageous of our birds of prey. This bird, which Is
twenty-two Inches In length, captures rabbits, grouse and poultry, and
has been known to kill and eat skunks. Defeirted hawk or crow neits
are used It they are located In dense woods. They also sometimes nest
In iiiviues In lurce trees. Two to four while eggs. Size 2.2n X l.Su See
2K:;. -116,

94— (37«) SNOWY OWL— Nyclaa nyctaa— A winter visitor from tlie
Arctic regions, occurring In varying numbera almoat every season This
beautiful species varies In plumage from pure white to specimens heavilj
and broadly barred with blackish brown. It la next to the (.real firay Owl.
being two feet In length. They feed upon hares, squlrn Is and smaller
mammals, as well as grouse, etc. They nest upon the gr(mnd_m a hollow
In the moss. Two to eight eggs, while In color. Size ?.2,. x l,..i Made In
N,.veiuher. 18112, See M. 280. 422,

95— (37«) SNOWY OWL— Nyctea nyctea -A winter vislior troni the
,> relic r-flnns. occurring in vanlng numbera almost every season. Made
In .Novnnher. 1SB2, See 94, 2S11. 422.

19

CUCKOO.. K,NOr..„,„, .TC-OMII, X.V.

Flmlly Cueulldat.

N«sti oo builiM or low treiVaprm.H. ./"''■ '■"''■ '"""> "ni''« ri>i).Mi,.,

tie

KINOri.HtR._p.„||y AlcMlnld...
food la small riili. .NV«I. ap» I.!.., i , . " "' '"<■»"»••' n.'iir »iii,.r T|„,ir

WOOOPtCKERS-ORDER XV._PICP

Pimlly PIcldM.

..II f«;t'r?."/T,,;?„T,j;''s^^^^^^ ""°'-'' '""""■" " Iff

«nus. Their food l» \n,,.",!Zl, S'V* '?? ">" hack. e„.ep, |„ „„ '
aided by ihe tall f„r „ ,, „p ""^ '"'""" «l'h Iheir .tron« eurvpd nail,

-(f.!.nhr-n:.ro??,°''?4'?b"A;;°r^^^^^
?"h,^ fir'iiSor^j^-d'';:;;?;^?"?"' -'-"^

*"' ^ 6". Mad.. I-VI,. 7. 1m:|. See jk.!;. i""" """ ""•'""' "f the eavlty!

-( A-ui/.-a' c 'mi;°*l^t!:;f ° **^8^CKER sphyrapicu. v.rlu. ,.rl„.
Pro Ince of Omarlo. ohlefly n the nnr^h^',"':,"'™""''""" "" '■«"'"■ I" th'

bv LTr?/"' "■""" "" middle Of September The.."""' I"" """""'' "'
b> the red crown and throat iwhite on .E V '', "" '^"" •"■ recognl^.d
blaek. and the yellowl.h undernart. Thev i 'T""'.- '''"' bordered by
n ur o„, to eultlvated trees, E ,' ,ha, onl, „ , .1 "L""'*' "'"'.IPo.^Kers ever
for tl, p„rp„„e or oblalnlng »ap ? ,ur to iev-n^f '"""•'"'■ '" ''"'■'"'' ''"<"
Of hcles In treea. SU,. of egg,, "is V 6() See oJs ^T'' """' '" "■" """"""

»il.aV:^a'b7.'.!i.,~°?Jr,r.~/;i-^^*"'>WOOOPECKER-PH,o.,.,„„,
pan ,„■ the eounlrv „,' I covered uM^,""''"'''"'- ''"' r>-stHeled to thai
ncl„^l„ length, hreedlt^tn^theavlv ri^V'''''.''"''^'-- ^bout aevr-nteen
wenlv-tlve inohe. In dept^a^d elgh •|noherr„''d1''''''r"- '!''" '" " <•«'""

20

in|-(4Ml RID-HIAOID WOODPICKIR— ALIINO— M<lintr»«t

•rytSroctphalu* A xiiniMi' r D ulUfiii. Itiftil" thriiutihi.ul llf> rnnilf m (h«
prtnliiM'. ArrlUK i-wrh in Mii> iiiiij tli-r'nrln f»rl\ In rtt- pli-inb»T. Tii»y
trnl u|><Mi liin^ilii atiil iiiu l^ k 111" "I lnil'» uiiil InTrl.i. I.ii> rriiln nmr lo
iUhl >. hill' i-iiiiK. Kinr 1 IMP » .7:. Miiili' In .liih. ln.Vi !(.•.■ I":'. i»«. <:'i.

I<i:' (4061 RID-HIAOtO WOOOPICKIR— Mtlantrpti •rythrectph-

•tul— (Adull ind youngl Mnili- In .liil>, l^'i'i »••'• \"\. ■■>". *-'•

l(ia (40*) RID-SILLIIO WOOOPICKIR— Ctnturui oirollnul—
(Famtla) A run 11 niiT rinldilil it Ut>- Ih «i»i<tii rouutln or On-
tario. Oi-i-HHluiiHll) 11 WMiiUfrw HH tilt t-n»t UH Turuitto. Thfiif blrilM ara

«iuln- taiiif. Hliil tliirliiK wIritiT n fli« rum*- aliinit Miriln mil liiinii*'- Kvira

laid UiirliiK Ma> tin glii-n> wlillt- and mniilM-r (iiiir In »lx. rtUf l.n" x ."'».
Kii' :'!nl 424.

Iii4-(412al NORTHIRN rLICKIH— HI3H HOLIN— Colaptat aura-
tua lutaua — (Adult famala and young)- I'uninion aiininuT ruHldftit br»'»'d»
ihriMiKliiiiil Ihf I'ruvhui' iit Oiilarln. Arrlvin alioiit the lillddlf i)t April,
depurl aboni ihr inlddli' 1 I Oilnlur nuk.'rs an- larpi' uoiidli rll>T»,
with u browiiUli tiint' to the pliiiniitti'. 'ili' > iir»' ntti-ii fiMiiid nn thi- (jri-tiirt
Id paitiired. or on nld^ hllln, ffiMlinic npun antw. Thf> iifnt Iti ciivltli-* to
irfK. t.'lu'f ii()»l». hoh'B iind'-r roiitn nt bulldlnK». iti-. Ktno »hll». Ilic to
tin. anil vi'ry »lo«»s , Xlzi- iit i'««» 1.1" « .mi. Mail"' Jnni' ::". l"'i'.'. S"- iim. 428.

OOATtUCKIRS, SWIFT* AND HUMMINOIIDOt— OROtR XV'
MACROCHIRES. OOATtUCKCNS— Family Caprlmulgldaa.

(iiiatHtifki-r!* an- lonK-nlngiMl blriU ^ Itli unmll bItlH anil I'xtraurillnarlly
Inrite moutha. Tliev art- dusk or iilaht filers, thi^ir food cunalittlnK of Inaticia
which they catch on the wlnn. Thilr iiIimimiki' i« mottled, black, brc 'ilth
and white, reaeniblllig thi- KroiinU 11)1011 whii-h thfv lay llii'l*- I'll'

111.'.- (417)— WHIP-POOR-WILL— Antroatomua vocl<iru% vi. ■ ua—
(Mala)— In their purault of Innectn they glide like a xhadow ovi-r Ida
and wood«, their »ort pinniage giving forth no aoiind. Their uotei. ■' l|>-
I'oor-Wlll." I'lng out In wooded, hilly dlatrlcta. A aiimmer realdent In w. J-
Innds. Miniewhal local In dialrlhtiilon; never «ien flying about clllia. Ar-
rivea eiirlv In May. departs early in (letober. Eggs greyish iihlte nr cream
ma lil.'il vvllh pall' brown, with fainier murkinRB of :ilac, S!/. l..'>0 x .S6
See ::il. 1:1:1.

HUMMINGBIRDS— Family Trochllldaa.

Hummlnghlrdii are the araallei-T of blrd». Their plumage la a
metullic green \<tth throat or crown pfltohea of the brighteat of Irldeacent
shining red. orange, blue or violet. Their flight la accompanied by a
buzzing sound, prnduced by the rapidly vibrating wing feathers Tuelr
food Is small Insects and honey which they get from flowers.

me— (428) RUBY-THROATED HUMMINOBIRD— Archlloehua colubria
— (Mala and female) -.\ common »inimer i-sldent. breeds throughout Ita
range In the province. Arrives about the middle of May. deparlM about
the middle of September. Tt is a small speclcH, ^T, Inches. Itn nest la
beautiful, built on horizontal limbs 1 ■' trees, an Inch or more in diameter.
The nests are made of plant fibres aii down, and the ftxterlor is completely
covered with green lichens so that it appears like a Hmall hunch of moss on
the limb. Two while eeg». S'ze .r.il x .:),i. See 292. 438

21
miich.no •mo»-o».o<« )(vi._»a„„„3

'"" (4S2) CRItTIO FLVCATCHO u .
.m.mo>, .iimmrr r...l,l>.,„ hr.-i^.h!. in 7 !" *''".'" """'"•-(AduHi-

«>l !.•• of ir...., „, „„, ,.|,, „„;"',„ ™" • » "Id "1>--.- TI, ,, |„

lru«ii KiMir I.) rl\ i.mi. 1.,,., 1 . '"'"« """'■ "' li>l«« «,...!. .,

i»>-n.r.T s,",;.";,' ":;. ' m;,:i!:";„"';s"",;!!;;'.i;,::"" " "" "''^ ^^ -^ ;";:!

'» I')lh or May. rt/pan. ib>u ',h. ,.,? T^ '" ""'"'" ^"l"'- S
riii'lr ahlri. rlallir la kfiit iii, ,. li , .* "'Z." '"""k". r.'iiurill,.,, „r .,,,.

'•"■> nr.H.iid .'.ilor. ,„la.hHVl ... ''"f "''■»<'""' Thr..,- i„
.■ II, ix.-.i., «,.;, S „/' "'"' '■'"'■""I' '"■"»„ „,„| III,,,,

th.' vrnin. rri'iiin
SI/,. .'.-, V ;„ j,,|,|

[...^f .Lt'b-;ra?d°r.?l'ill,7^,Cr:.;::v r -'A' ^'.)-r

tirp^dlnif In woods and orrh, ,^ . ,i„ "'"'''' -^ <-oiiiiii,„i „i„.r r,.,id,.i,t

about ,h, middle of "?„"'''■::;, '-^ '"';,■'';• "- ,■•»""■ '.. .'„(,„.i., A ? ;.,

>'-« on horizontal Ifmb.. niakin, ha .1, "'"'"'' "' ''•'l'""'"''". T

111— (417) LBA8T FLVCATChcd « i^
throughout 1,9 range In Onrarlo rV ^r^^i ."'"^"'''"■rl'" nnd woi.dla.ids

LARK8— Family Alaudldat.

(M,,V,Yi^'r™:r.!r„:!^rr!,'ld?n,'1i?.'JdT„°'°" P...ri. pratlcol-

pccun, In the province. Arrive. .hn„..h.,A'u'" ."■"■" ""'<'" '''■"rever It
•te In November. In the .omh we..,^JL „ '?,'" "' ''"bruarv and depart,

T^e number, remafnln/'n ''X,'.r Nvt? '*■':' 1"^"'°,'' '" ^''"'^"'■'

.»e«i» are made of urasiea and

22

lined with horse hair or teathfrs. placed in slight hollows under a tult ol
grass or sods. They raise two and sometimes three broods a season.
Three or four eggs it butt grunnd. thk-lil.v siirinliled with lavender. Mze
.83 X .fill. -Made In IST.'i. See 2»d.

CROWS. JAYS. MAGPIES— Family Corvldte.

113_(477) BLUE JAY— Cyanocitta criitati crittala -A common resi-
dent, breeding throughout its range in the province. Thi' mo-i ''"';"''"'
of North American Jays, but beneath their handsome Plumage beats ■
heart c. cruel and cunning as that In any bird of prey. Fall, W Inter and
Spring their food Is acorns, chestnuts, berries, seed, tia u. inserts,
lizards, etc.. but In >he Summer months they destroy a great many egga
and young of the smaller birds. They are known to watch a nest until It
is full of eggs before making their theft. Nests are made of twigs and
rootlets In low trees. Kour to six eggs of a greenish butt color spotted
wilh olive brown. Size 1.111 x .811. See 296. 4;(.

114 (486a) NORTHERN RAVEN— Corvui corax prlncip>li«_-Toler-
ably common resident In the Interior of the Province of Ontario. Twenty-
four Inches or a little larger, habits similar to those of the crow, but more
dignified Thev remain mated for life. The.v teed largely upon H'umal
matter, llzards.'shellfish. frogs, young of birds and carrion. Quite comition
on the cliffs of Labrador and Alaska. Nest on ledges of high inaccessible
cliffs made of sticks lined with smaller ones and hair or wool. Four to
seveti eggs laid in April or Mav. A lightish green color blotched w:tli umber
and drab. Size l.Uti x 1.25. Made In Nov.. 18.-.9. See 297.

115— (488) AMERICAN CROW— Corvus brachvrhynchoi brachvrhyn-
chos .\bundant resident In southern Ontario; summer resident in the
northerly parts of the province. Breeds throughout Its range. These
birds post a sentinel In some tree top to keep watch while the rest of the
flock is feeding in the field below. In the Fall and Winter large numbei-a
of them flock, and at night all roost together in one piece of woods. Their
nesi« placed near the tups of largi- trees, are made of slicks, lined with
rootlets and the eggs, which are laid In April or May. are four to seven In
number a bluish white densely speckled with various shades of brown and
lilac. IJIze 1.611 X 1.15. See :'9S. 45S.

BLACKBIRDS. ORIOLES. ETC.— Family Icteridae.

116— (494) BOBOLINK— Dollchonyx oryiivoroul — (Male)— Abundant

summer resident. The male sings all day long during Mav and Tiii-e tn his
.parrow-llte mate, who ia sitting on her nest concealed In the meadow
grass Breeds In the hay meadows throughout its range in Ontario,
which does not extend north of the cultivated laiids. Arrives about the
10th of May Departs about the end of August. Nests are hollows In the
ground with the top slightly arched to conceal the eggs, which "'J^'^'-evieh
white clouded, blotched with brownish grey and lilac. Size .84 T .62. Poor
to six eggs laid In .Tune. Made May 15, 1847. See 299, 466.

ll"-(495) COWBIRD— Molothrus ater ater— (Male and female)— An
.tbundant summer resident. Deposits its eggs in the nests of other '"lall
birds Breeds throughout its range. Arrives about the Ist of April, d.iiarts
earlv In October This is about the most Injurious bird we have. a« each egs
deposited by It means the destruction of a whole brood ef "ie of our
beneflcial species. Their eggs are -white, spotted and speckled all oyer
more or less stronglv with brown and yellowish brown. Size .85 x .64,
Made April 14, 1»61. See 300, 469.

March, depart, about the midd L ot Octoh/r ^\""'''''^>^"'< Hie ..,:d,ll,. or
damage to grain fields In the Fall but^f,/v Z^" *""'^ "" ^o^lderable
a other seasons In the deatructlo-. „> L7 1" " *''''"" »"■»"" of good
They make their nests o[ grasses "ovinia"';'".'", """'"'' "»■' ^eed seed
° '^aop^ or over water Eggs "hree to «v^" "*" '"i"'"" '" "»">"
J.;;..,, ,.^,,„„d .„h Ma,..ishl;^ori^^^j:;?,^ ''SToJ"J'1"^

120— (501) MEADOW LARK_<t..... ..

summer resident In southern OntaHi^.T-lM """"' ""jn.-A common
ward as the land Is cleared Ne'ts on t^^e S- ■'' '"j'"»"<""« "» range north
its range. Arrives towards the fud ot M^rch In^n^?, t""'"'""^ throughout
ate anH . — „ "." -viarch. In mild seasons these birds

heaT'^rP'''^ Wen'i^H^bv its":'.?:,^,!"'^"' , "''^"'—Male and

Mad..

™V^V -- -— H^^^ --,s ear,

M.l..hnd by the brassy color of",';,/; ,„,';f"-« '" Ontar,

in Ociiiber.
mil is .lijtin.

I 1" .\ .so. See 300. 46.1. '^^'^ ""0 »'th streaks of black.

FINCHES. SPARROWS. ETC-Familv c .,

If^'Ki iJ?SyrHS— ""K^-^ty:s"su^

'"<i<ti>. 181.4. Spp .'{it.i, 4S4 ^'suorrrom thp upsf Madp In

.\ .,0. See l2.i. i-.g ..,„^, j,,g 1 «ith fainter markings of lll,c.

24

125— (615) PINE GROSBEAK— Pinlcola enudeator laucura— (Femala)

•- Made in Nu%rnili»T. 1842. See 124. 12ti, :iOL>, 4it6.

126— (515) PINE GROSBEAK— Pinicola enudeator leucura— (Female)

— Madt- March 2, 1S65. Ser i24. 125. :Hi2, 4!tti.

127 — (517) PURPLE FINCH— Carpodacut purpureua purpureua— (Mate
and female)— A common resident and a beautiful songster. Breeds through-
out Its range in Ontario. Tlieir nests are made of fine weeds and grasses
and lined with horse hair. They nest in trees, in orchards, or in ever
greens. The egRs. laid in June, are greenish blue, spolted with dark
brown. Sizf .Xi> x .«'.. Made in Muy. 1X6:!. See 302, 494.

I2fc- (522) WHITE-WINGED CROSSBILL— Loxia leucoptera— (Wale) —
rii*v have a roving dispoHitiun. and are apt lo be found in any unt-xp-t'ted
locaPtv. This species is rosy red wiih iwo while wing bars. Eggs greenish
white." spotted with brown and with lavender shell markings. vt*ry bhiuhy.
Size .SO X .55. All irregular visitor to southern Ontario— never abuiuhuit.
Resident in the northern part of the province. Made in November, 1875.

J2;i— (528) REDPOLL— Acanthis linaria linaria — (Male and female)—
(leiui-ally common in winter, bin sonietiTiies entirely absent. Breeds in the
f!.r north, near Hudstin's Bay. Feeds on seeds of weeds which project
abrve the snow. Its flight is similar to that of the Goldfinch. Nests in
low <S'vations. Eggs. thre< to six. pale bluish, speckled with reddish
blown. Size .U5 x .50. Made March 2. lSti4. See :I04. 495.

i:i< (755) VEERY— WILSON'S THRUSH— Hylocichia fusceecene—
.\n abundant summer resident of woodlands. Breeds throughout its range
in the province. Arrives early in May. departs at the en(i of August.
Nests on the ground or near it. making a structure of woven bark strips
and glasses in the midst of a clump of ferns or low shrubber>. Three or
lour eggs, bluish green. Size .90 x .65. Made .lune 11, 1859. See 185. 331,545.

l?.l— (529)— AMERICAN GOLDFINCH— Aatragallnus trigtie triitls-
'Male and female)— The wild canary, as it is commonly called, is one of the
best known Ontario birds, its bright color and sprightly sons combining
to render it attractive. It breeds in all parts of the Province of Ontario.
More abundant in summer than in winter, a large number going south at
'hM approach ol' cold weather. Made .June 11. 1S59. See i;i2. :io4. 305. 488. 561.

132— (529)— NEST OF AMERICAN GOLDFINCH— AstragaMnue triatie
triatia— It builds in small trees, often in gardens or orchards, i-nd in shade
trees by the roadside. The nest in made of plant fibres and thistledown
firmlv woven together. Three to six plain bluish white ees-. Size .65 x .50.
Mad.' August 7. 1S64. See 131. 304, 3115. 4SX. 561.

133- (5341— SNOW BUNTING— SNOWFLAKE—Plectrophenax nivalis
nivalis- A common winter visitor, arrives about ihe < nd of October, departs
about the middle of March; breeds in ihe Arclic regicns. Their nests are
built on the ground, being sunk into the sphagnum moss, and made of
grasse-i lined with feaihrrs. Four or five greenish white eggs, splashed
with y.ltowish brown and lilac. Size .W x .t55. Made February 9. 1860.
See 306, 493.

131 '(540) VESPER SPARROW— BAY WING— Pooecetes gramineue
orariineui — An abundant sumiiur n sident in open fields, building cui the
UTOund in a hollow lined scantily with grasses Breeds throughout its range
in Ontario; arrives about the middl'^ of .\pril. departs early in October. Their
clear, musical song is known to many frequenters of weedy pastures. Four
or five eggs, dull whitish, blotched and splashed with light brown and
■.aveiider liiiis, Si/t- .!;o x .6 i, Madt Oriobf t -). 1S46. See 472.

greenian blue CnpH^. .^'^ *"«''" <"■ "<"«is. Krom f„„r r^ ■ ■^'''"'' "■'•^

Brasses, lined" ,h' half r„ "*' '''"''■ «'""?« Ac"^ Thev-T'" °? ""•
reddish bro«n M i.i, '^°'"' "r five greenish u-hi,,. ' ""^'^ "' ■« of

•m :.tta: •£ ;.;™;> ■™.. .". KS ... *.a:':,KS">,"i:

ss'sH'sH' , '™».""fs ™:r-.-,-.r-'- ■ ■"»■

'^'' "<^tulier nth. 1845 See

cultivation. Breeds wherever It occiira In the province. Arrive, about the
end 0? Aim. depart, early In OctC.r. While they are .cratrhlng among
IhH leaves for food, they will utter tlielr ramiUar ■■Tow-hee or Che-wlnk.
and then again will mount to a tree or b.iBh and sing their retrain. Their
"est 1. on the ground or In low bushes, well "ned with tine grasses Kggs
are |)!nkl»h whit,., with uiarklnfis of light reddish brown. Size .90 x .70.
St ■ :llii. 4»J.

143 -(595) ROSE-BREASTED GROSBEAK— Zameiodll ludovlclani—
(Malt >tid female)-This is one o[ the most pieasiug of our ^ongsters It
is black and white, with rosy red breast and under wing coverts. N"" I"
bushes or low trees. Three or four eggs, laid in June of a greenish blue
spotted heavily with reddish brown. Size l.W x .7", A tolerab y comtnon
sLmer resident, breeding in the woods throughout its rai^ge ■" '>>« l'™"
vince; arrives about the end of April, leaves early In October. Made
.\lisu-i lalh, 18511. See llll. 485.

144 (598) INDIGO BUNTING— Pasierlna cyanea— (Male and fei^"!*)
-A common summer resident In Southern Ontario; arrive, early in May.
departs about the end of August. Its song is a sweet retrain. They nest
?nC bushes Nest of grass and weeds, lined with fine «"«» or hair
Quite a substantial structure. Eggs pale bluish white. Size .,» x ..... Made
in July, 1S«:!. Sec .ll:. 481.

TANAGERS— Family Tanagrldae.
145^(608) SCARLET TANAGER— Piranga erylhromelas— (IWale and
f.male)-Thls beautiful scarlet and black bird is very culet it. »" »"f ■ ^"'
its loud warbling song is heard at a great distance. It l! a tolerably
common riJraer resident, breeding throughout its range In the province;
a?rives ear""ii May. and departs about the end of August. They nest upon
horizontal limbs or forks, at elevations of four to twenty feet, making frail
nes of twigs rootlets and weeds. Eggs greenish blue spotted with various
"hades of brown. Size ,!<5 x 65. Made .Tune Kith. 18,-,!.. See H13. oOl.
SWALLOWS— Family Hirundinldae.
146—1613) BARN SWALLOW— Hlrundo erythrogastra- (Male and
female)— This swallow is the most beautiful and graceful of the ramilvv. It
fn common summer resident nesting in herns and outhouses throughout
tsran^e in the province; arrives -.bout the end of April, departs early In
slotember Before the advent '.I civilized man they attached their nests
fo the sides of caves and crevices among rocks and in hoi ow trees Eggs
creniTis white, spotted with reddish brown. Size .80 x .5o. Made In June.
156:!. See 314. 503.

147— (614) TREE SWALLOW— WHITE-BREASTED SWALLOVtf—
Irldoprocne b color-(t.Iale)-A vivacious, active species resident during
he summer, naturally nesting In trees or stumps though large nutnbers
ake up their abode In houses provided for them by man. Nest otMraw
and grass, lined with feathers. Four to six white eggs. Size .'»x.oO,
Arrives niilte earlv in April, departs about the end of September, Made
May 5lh, 18;15, See 314, 506,

148— (612) CLIFF SWALLOW — Petrochelidon lunlfrons lunlfrons —
(Male)— A regular sumn,"r resident, somewhat irregularly distributed,
being abundant at some points and absent from others. Breeds in colonies
ArriVes earlv In May; departs about the end of September, Easily recog-
nized bv their brownish throat and breast, white forehead and huffy ruinp
Thev bt'iilil a flask-shaped structure of mud cemented to the face of a clift
or eaves ot a building, the entrance being small, while the nest pioiier i-
large and rounded, and Viied with grass and feathers. Eggs ct-eamy wliiti.
spotted with reddish brown. Size .80 x .55. Made May o. 183,,. See ,!14.

WAX WING— Family Amp.lld.e.

SHRIKES— Family Lanlidae.

and small birds. They Imve ™ak f»«' nnH ?„* "^ '?'"''*• ™»" '"<"'«■«•
pieces with their hooted Mil ttay ImDafe It ?,n™',h''' "•"'»«"• Prej- to
not abundant winter visitor The mSoritv L, ?ff2. k °'^'-. "^ "«"'" '>'«
neat, have been found in Tarlout ni.^Ji L ""fj" '"'!?^ '" '"» ■">«'', but
October: Uei,ar7s7n Ai.rU Th, ,, !?f "> southern Ontario. Arrives in
und.rbrush, 'and are"made of vin s";rass:ran3"c"„' 1, n,""^""" '""' '"«' "

VIREOS— Family VIreondldae.

are among the most beantitui obl?d homes Thr^e o"'? ""^ '""■"■ =""
accompanied by one of the Cowblrd'a aS !»,rt ^n t. '"""l ^B8S. often
speckled With blackish brown size 85 x 55 tJIi^^I ""^ ^''I'^- ^'""=''
Is range in Ontario; arrives earlv In v.kv J .'"'° '"^''' throughout
September. Made in June 1863 "" ' •""■'"■''« <l>e end of

Made Ma.v 211. 1847. See 151. "i?; 4s8 ^"^ °' September.

han/sot;"b?r'd, :^\lk^Zl"orj^lil XLI^f-^^vr", "-f»"-A

beginning of May. departs earlv in w.mk.J^'"' ''. '"''■'™' "'""'•t the

WARBLERS— Family Mniotlltldae.

.ha.'l'e\'aT'Thry"eYd'„\™1^''a,ri!,'l,1rV"°''.'''^'''''''' """ "-'"' "''-i'
Mmple bn, effec,ive.''ar?heT,■;e„^T,;'f ^"i-J^h" o'rd'e'r ^f'^roh^fe^'f,,?""- "*

capil'l^^A'°c'o'.!,m™Xan't%r'j;*d",p^^H"7rr'"°". '"'■''"'''"'' -""■
doubt regularly in the Interior" .JE^"^^, "', '"""'em Ontario and no

October. The nest of th?s 'mall "ZZll I."!.". T^i. "'""'' «'"■ '"
<.f .he aronnd. covered „" h overian'^i'ng grasses l.n^f'' "J'" ?"' ""^^
nme needles, Kees white sneckled with hfi,i,. -/."I'; '""'''' "' '^■■"ss and
Maile .May, lS7,i, .s"" ,11!)! redJish brown. Size ,60l,45.

)

2H

156--(il3») BLAC" AND WHITE WARBLER-MniotiPU v.rl.- TW.
•trlpejj bUcK and w warbler Ih seen creeping about tree trunks and
branches aft,ir the manner o( (he Nutliatcli. They are active gleaners and
or Inestimable value to man, and are a <ommon summer resident, breeding
In woodlands throughout their raiige in Ontario; uirivlng early lii May de
liartlng early In Seiiteniber. They iii-sl ou tin- ground in woods or swauiiis
Nest 01 strips of bark and grass. Three to fli>. .ggs, white, si.eckled and
"ls'"',i» " '■"'■""I' '"■''»"■ Siz" ■«"■ X •"■'■. .Mudf May 2!., lK4.i. See

166— («57) MAQNOLIA WAHBLER— Dtndroic. magnolia -An abun-
dant migrant, breeds from central Ontario northward; arrives early In
Mav; ileijarls about the end of September Our ot ih.- most beautiful of
tne warblers. Yellow breast and sides streaked with black. Builds In
coniferous trees. .Nest of rootlet., and grass stem.,, lined with hair. Eggs
diiii white, speckled with pule red brown. Sizi' .«.-, x Ax. See ir,s. :I2:!, ,°15,

157-(M6) ORANGE-CROWNED WARBLER— Vermlvora cslat)
celala— A rare summer visitor They have been found breeding about Hud-
son sISuy and In the .Mackenzie Klver district, iiluring their nests in hollows
on the ground, on the sides ot banks or hills, concealed by tufts of grass
or bushes. Eggs white, speckieil with brown Size ..i4 x .4.1. See 319.

See i-!6~,'"''r, "'*°'*°'-'* WARBLER— Dendroica majnolia- (Male).

169-(667) BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLER-Dandroica
virani — (Female)— A common summer resident; arrives early In Mav
departs early in October. They are nearly always found In pines, with
nests placed among the pine t.eedles. where they are very difficult to locate

Sizt bS'x 5o"°See 323 '" '"'"' "'''"' '""*''' '''""''''''' "'"' •"■""" "'"' '"»=■

160-(e54) BLACK-THROATED BLUE WARBLER-Oendrolca
caaruleuena caeruleacena— (Female)— In migrations In southern Ontario
they are common, breeding sparingly In the south and more abundantly
ThlS^ "I'erlor Arrives early In May, departs at the end of September
They nest In underbrush a few Inches above the ground. Nest of bark
str P8, moss, and rootlets lined with fine grasses or hair. Eggs pale bufty
white, dotted with pale brown. Size .65 x .nO. See 3211. .il2.

lol tS59) NEST OF CHESTNUT-SIDED WARBLER— Dendroica
penaylvanica-One of the few warblers regularly breeding through
L™. «k'"' 1 ""■ ' H?'""^'; •" Ontario. Its nest, of grasses, weed stems and
some fibres. Is usually built In low bushes, within a few feet of the ground
The eggs are white or creamy white, speckled with brown and grey, size
.l)U -v ...'I. .Made .Iiine 20. 1863. See 162. 322. ,^23.

,J, >'°^?* CHESTNUT-SIDED WARBLER— Dendroica penaylvanica
Zlf; 1° H T V"!'' ,."' """ '^P"''"' ""*>■ "o *'"""' "y the white under-
parts and the broad chestnut stripe on the flanks. The crown Is yellow.

163— (660) BAY-BREASTED WARBLER— Dendroica casUnea— This
?rf ,m,J,1''k"^J",''"1''°,' " ™"""™ ""«■•'"" to <"= spring, rarely seen
.?r„h=r T' '"'™''' '"."■* Interior; arrives early In May, departs In Se^
^,TX ■ r "°'""- l"™"' """ "'"'■' °< a "'■'' chestnut, forehead and fVce
Th± ""■l"""'--'' "hi'"- Nests in coniferous trees In ,wampy places

Ld arev Z *T' ^^'"'■v?''i'"'"' """ "'""'•"'J with red. brown, umber
ana gre.i. size .71) x .,^0. Made May 20, 1876, See 322.

™i?t7'"^' BLACKBURNIAN WARBLER-Dendroica fueca-(M.I.)_
IrlZf^llnT!"?",'" ""■'."^ """' "■"""» '" """"■em Ontario, probably
breeds In the Interior; arrives early In May, usually when the apple tree.

29

■re In btoom. deoart* nf .i,„ .

-I 'nick liiinci or nwill... ti. ■ ' '''"'' '" ' ii. ni-,-i iinii.iiJ V

— -h.... ., „„;:;;.; ,iZ"i~,s~ s" ;,:«;* -." S;.h.5
sfl;"?r!S?^''~«:r4a^^^^

1«9- (587) AMERirAiu oi,» '" *"»• "«1

WRCNS. THRASHERS ETC. — Family Troglodytldat.

172— r04) CATtIRO— Dumttalta curollncntla— (Mala and FjmaU) —
Tlili well known mimic, abundant In open wood*, twampt ani hllUld' ^4,
ta a very common <itimnier resident; breeds throiighout !:« raiign In
OniaHo. AriivpB aboui rhe end of April; dr>partH early In October. Tht-lr
"CHtB arc 'ow down in bushes or trees and are constructed of twlffs ar.tl
lootlels. A tangled mass of vines and brlara la a favorite place for thi-m
to locate tiiflr home. Kkkb thrfp to five in number, bright blulnh Kr^en
in cnlur, Sizt' .St") x .70 Sec ;;J7. :)l's

17;!~ (705) BROWN THHASHER—Toxoitoma rufum— A common
funimer r.sldcnt; breeds throuRhout iti range tn the province of Onturlo,
.•rriv*>« at thr end of April, deiiarts early In October. A large, handsome
%onp>*ter; nests near or on the Rround. In liPdKv nr tliirknt, Tlirfc to five
e«^(. »?;rec.ilnli whitt*. dotted with red brown. Stie 1.05 x .80. Mad*' In

July. ivi;;;. See :!J7. .'>;U

174— (722) WINTER WREN— Nannus hyemalla hy«malis-A svnnm*-r
lesldent: hrt'eds throiiKhout Its raiiffe In the province; commonly In the
interior and northward. The smallest of the wrens, four Inches in length.
a very short tall. Th«y have a sweet song, not at lou^l as that of the
lIouBe Wipn. N'pst In crevict-s or ntumpa. etc., made c* iwiga and leaves
linpd with feathers. Kkks pure white, finely and simrlnKlv (lotted with rt-d
hrowr. .Size ,fii» x .4H. St'f Sl'H, r,Xi.

176- (721) HOUSE WREN— Troglodytea aedon aedon— This familiar
ano noisy 'Ittle wren, a cnimnon summer resident, builds In bird houses
or any nook that may suit li. h iiirivis almui ilic first u( May; d*-
parts earlv In October. The eRHs are plDklih white, minutely dotted with
pale rrd brown, darker HpolH alHJiii llic lafRc t'lui. Sizt .H."> x '>'!. Sfi
?'2S. .-,3:'.

KINGLETS AND GNATCATCHERS— Family Sylviidae.

17r, (74*;) GOLDEN-CROWNED KINGLET— Regulua Htrapa aatrapa

—They arv an abundant migrant and common winter resident, found in
company 'vith rhickadees, and may be seen hanging to twiga In at', sorts
nf positions. Nest is Inrgp round structure of green moss, bark strips
anti iiiM* rootlelH, very thickly liiU'ii with sol' li-i'lris, Tlu'v arn placed
m TorkB or partially suspended among the branches of spruce trees high
abiTve the frround; during .Tune they lay from flT« to ten eggs, gray color,
spotipd with pale brown and lilac. Sizt* ..'i."i x i-. Si>p ;v.',n, '>'.','.*.

177 (749) RUBY-CROWNED KINGLET—Regulue calendula calen-
dula— (Adult)— Abundant during spring and autumn niigralions; probably
breeds in the coniferous woods of the interior, as it is known to do in
Nova Scotia. This litth' bird Is 4.2?> inches l!:ng ami ha« a partially con-
cealed patch of red on the crown. Pour to nine eggs, creaniv wlilte
sp'i-kU'd with red-brown. Size .56 x .44. Siv 17H, nil. .-.41,

17<1— (749) RUBY-CROWNED KINGLET— Regulus calendula calendula
— (Young) Mad.' Oct. !.■>. lS4fi. See 177, ■.]?,'\ .-)41,

NUT HATCHES— Family Sittidae.

179 — (72>) WHITE-BREASTED NUTHATCH— Sitta carolfneniia caro
linen&ls — These birds, common residents, are creeiiprs and arc able to run
eiili'T up or down the trunks of trees. Thev nest in holes in tref-s. UniuE
th- cavity with hark strips and hair or feathers. Four to nine white egg>
speckkd with reddish brown and lilac. Size .si x -tJi). Made Feb, 4, 184:!
fie.' is:;, V29. 536.

31

lSfl-(72«) IROWN CRIIPIR— Ctrlhl. familtrli •mine>n< \
.■ciiiriM.ii ....liiini: hirid, fi-„ti, «„uilHTii Munliolia.i'iiiirnloiiiHnc,. «>iiihHrn
yii.h. I "iiilN.uriMindliind. ,i>iiili»iir.l, Thi'«i- pHi-uliar n.iik.mUiil ir. ,ii.r»
:t.. .-.imimin iliirltiK Ihi' uinliT, wli.ri ihey rim) ).•■ ».i.|i working u|> 111.' Ir.n
I ul twlKH. iiioittl. fir., hfltl lUKi'MuT wild cob-

iniiiks. They liulld Mii'lr ni'Hl
Mi'bM. I'lidrr thi
will) I'i'd brown.

fnt^I Imrk

■onirtTous
."1:17.

I ret

Kkkh

d

1S1^(72» REO.BELLIEO NUTHATCH— SItIa canadaniii \ n- nl

ppclea bill iiioti rreiiu^ntly ob».rv,.d durlnj th< mlgnitlona. The bn-fd-

Inn biibllx III.. III,. ,111 ,„ th.. «bll...b..|li..d iiirl.lv

ID hl\ nhll.. ..(IB*. Mil d with rtddlhli brown, slz.. .1:1.

fruin four
Si... :IL'!.. T,i.l.

1KL'^(727) WHITE-BREASTED NUTHATCH-silt. carolmanali
carolinenait. See 1711, ;iL'!l, o:t«.

n:: («3ai BLACK AND WHITE WARBLER— Mnlotilta varia. S... 16.'..

1-1 (735) CHICKADEE— P.nthaitea atrlcaplllua airlcapillua Tll..»e
birds, v^ry ..|iminon rc»ldi.iil«. mid iiniiinK 111.' nio«i iinvfiil birds of ihu
orchard, are tavorllen with everybody. They breed In jioles Id trfcn and
In bird bo.xe8. lining the eavltiea wllli fine Kraases and teatberx, and
during May and June lay from (he to elghl while engs. doliid with reddlih
|.|ir.vii. Size . Ill, .\ .<.-,. See :l;ll. -.411.

THRUSHES, BLUEBIRDS— Family Turdldat.
1>.- (7561 VEERY— WILSON'S THRUSH—HylocichIa fuaeeacant

fuECllcera. Miiil.. .May l.".. Hill. S. e l:iii. .-iSl, .■i4.i.

IM -(7«1) AMERICAN ROBIN— Planeatlcua migratorlua migratorlua
—(Male and Young)— An abundant summer reaident: breeding throughout
Its range In Ontario; arrives early in .March. The bulk usuallv depart early
In November, but some small flocks remain where food is plentiful, until
severe frost comes, and a few always remain in sheltered s|ioIe all the winter
Their nests are made of grasses cemented together with mud and lined
■.Mlh finer masses, rirniiy saddiiri in crolclies of trees at any height
Bieei.ish blue. Slz.. l.l.i X .Ml. They raise several broods In a

Kggs,

season.

XI, '"K;"i''5'nf(-"^*"'°-*''"'" •'"'• •i»lie-(Male and f.male)-
These birds build In cavities In trees (usually lower than twenty feet from
the ground), bird boxes or any suitable nook, providing that English
iparrows do not molest them. A common resident, breeding through-
nut its range. Arrive about Hie middle of Mnreli. deiia-t towards the
end or October. Several broods a year, cominenclni: in April, are raised
.Six l.ale bluish while eggs. Size .1.1 \ .611. Made in Mliy. l.sT.i. Sn. 3:12. 544.
ISS (473) SKYLARK- Alauda arvenaia— A common nniish bird and
splemiid songster, singing when soaring high in the air. straggling casually
II. (.reenlund and llermuda. this noted bird has been Imported into pans of
An.irica, but Is barily holding Its own there. In (ireat Britain ihev nest on
the giound In cultivated fields or meadows. laying from threrto live gr..visii
eg?s. n.arked with brown, drab and lavender. Made April -^x. 1S.T7. s».e

18il— (475) MAGPIE— Pica pica hudaonia— Mostly confined to the
we.il.rn country, from the Yukon, Saskatchewan and Winnipeg to .New
M<-dco: tartly straggles eastward as far as Ontario. Hudson's Day and
Quebec. Length of bird twenty Inches. They are well knoi.n as
being great thieves. They nest in bushes and trees not far from
he ground, making a large nest of sticks with an opening on the side, the
interior made ot weeds and mud lined with fine grasses. These nests
reach a diameter of three feet. Eight greyish whit» eggs, spotted with
I ami .Irab. Size 1.2.-1 s .1111. .Maile in 1S.16. See 4il:i

brown

dm
Iral

jni .lowly I. .11 SiriAion"' Th^rbSlld'Th f"""""' """ . "°. i'prt"

»»n.. iiiHklni . n-,. „f ...n.l, mo., "r ,™ ""'l^". hu.itIm or .ion.
,,., """ *" CANADIAN IIROt.

Ih™ from uTe dra"S,* "■" ^^'"^'"'' ««<" It I. l.npo..lbl,. to recogni.e

111:1

H.O.;' =: J^-rKo;er/J''^S/. •■-- ^..a;^^^^ Klld,.

Hurrert Ornime. <i. Warbler

,- . BRITISH BIROS

;;-: iot:::^:zTur>~"7: """"""■^■' ^^'~ «-"

.-.ter.^ """"=• '.--in— A K„ro|,e,.„ ,,„rk. oommoo in Brltl,h

land,'';;„er'i"vt?y'ab7ndL';;:"'"'""" "•""""•-'» »ta,.r v.sl,,,,. ,„ e„,.
In »™e~'cam';fJ7„*'S;;iuVd'"!ld''e'*>;i?, i',''Jj'"'"> «'"'"""• r.H,l.„t
and a'rav°r°'°ra'«'!.^^;^*'rd?,„'V'r'''l7A;r'''"' °' "^^ BrUalb

iand;':rE*?*ra?d" MJdT'jjij^-orirs'T-^"'"""" »"■■"<>" - .1.* 10...

■•ird. re.lde„, In ,he southern ,.oC":' ^^ad*: A,""'- ?,?»':"'"""' ''^"''"•

Br,„^rbi;7?r°,^ue„?,::i'!.^*-*cK°;„, ^1,"^;;" Mid '7'- ""■'""
"114— FOBIN E i.i. caraens. Made Jan. in. 18.17

En«Meh ™n° Lnr^r^ry"",, T,'':.!';;'-'!;!^ "•"■''"'■■ ""bin Redbreast of
'■••.M,.„n, Made.7an. IS. 1S37. V;';-^;,"'' """<■ 'n England and are v?I?

.ou,rr7o"„?nf,?.^^vrn^a•'f;'r:^^7n'',s.r Zde r fp?;,, ,",'3:.''''

33

•unimer raildi>iit or Ibi- loulLrn <.„m m ? i V"' Ti.l. r.bl, commo.
(«r,MU« l,iru „„„.,..r° S°Ii 5*5 '"""'"«" "' t-nm-nU. .i.d „„., ol ihv m.^t

.om;TlL:!'!?p.!:;,^^r7r«r'„l*J.7., ^ "■"'" "« '" "■ Mr.,„,„.

M.dffn'aB**"'*'"'^'^"'"'"" "'•'•'"•-A common r«H,.

"t llrlluln.

I'll!)

•TOAT— Mutl.l, (rmlntl

iiiiiinnn III llr.iiiii

.\riil- II 1-

coat or iRiTisH ■ind*.

t'i Tlirtixli.

. Tiirllr Plovi-

MAMMALS IN COLLECTION

...m\V7,T/rd.. "^t'rTvTr .x::r o'r.a" ""•'-*»

h«re may kiIII be found In ronnldTrahU. w,„ k thick cover rcmalnB thll
remarkable tor ihe neaaonal chSnlwhlch .w*'", ^''." ""■>'"« I'"- l»
'or. In summer It I, a dark redXh hmw .' "'.""' '" '"« '"•'°' »' «•
Til. liar,. d.,..„ „,„ Hv."ln",,r"f,'fk^°*°;„„ ""■■'"• ' '"•"•'^^' »'•"..

-o,b.r, b,„ a„cr ,„.. ,in,e ,:.;7.t:^zrt^ivxi'. tzrii'i^:i

215— VARYING HARE— White i.
summer to winter coat WMITE— L.pug «m.rlc.nu»

-fhanitlng from

pi:i. °^:s!;^b^;,"Se- r;?S; - "^ -- -in ;;' ^j-i

fotnposed of sedges, wa er iTly leaves a„d ,Ln.7 ',"" """ '^'" '-"' '«
or Ibe^muskrat are well webbed,' rS^^-lT^^LtT.Jtir^'X

•listrih„^?*re?,f„° , *^'',^)*'-8°"« P«;wnatu,-romnion ami senerall-
;mall. the bind ones larger a" d,h2 f»n "S' J°™' '^'"' <°"' 'eet are
n"!™"/" "41™"-' "■• """""■ heaps n? s?, „el T" *1"! '*" "'■'"'• " <»
^■nlmals. They feed on Inseoti and rrlTn ' A J" ''"'?'' "'""'' •"• """■'
(amily enjoys the reputation of bein, m, S"" "Pefles of the shrew

^"' nn Inch and a ba'lf. ,S a"'tan'"„^ Inehl-lX',,!"""' '""■^"■»' " "

34

'^""■"'"" "••"•'• ."1 .h. mo'-M." ^:.^l•,•-r,;,V|•:r,^,r^'''•"'•''•-
.ufri..i..i,M.v :i„.,Mia in .™ I.,,. 1 1 :..'■','""; '"" " ■■■">■ "'•'">• i

'" - """- """ -'■'"-" » |-uT.,??;;,?.;r.;■:;'.',:'.':,:;''r^^.",:,l:;'
Mdly n.<lii<.wl ,l,..|r uimib,. V s„ rl I Lmv h '■"""'""' Ii"""CiiiI.m, lim,.
.r.. I.l.n.lr„l, S,,ulrr.. "a "rnrnUUM S M, "II''' ""l' '"" '''"'■'• ''"■""

t;.r„ ,.:,. a™ u,n„.,l „m, .harp rurvH lLl"",'n"\""" """" ""'
III..,,, ,„ „,al„,aln a rirn, ,1, "imn ,Z hrlnrV,? . ","'*'' '" "'""""

hollow „f a ,i.„.,y,,i ,;„„ p,,,,,,,;, I ';,,„"',;"" "',> i"-""'-!' "r m n,,.

mo», a„d iiran. woVHn toB,.th»r L„ , , . ' " '" """'*" "' l''">*-»

;'o„«l»t, „f „„„. „,.„r,„ and „ i^r trir/ ^ * , ""."'' ''•'"' "" '"'"1

II- "oWim!" *Ol'l"'«l— Seluru. hudMnlcu._c„„,n,„„ n,ery«l,<.rn In

;..M,^i^,:^:!:=,,?^^ir:;^7!rr?::L'':,rt"r r?'- -

In« until ntlor ,„„.,., from I,, retrM I, In ," ;"''"" "'''"'" >""""•■
It ».r,..,.he, II, lin.h, ,„ ,|,p|, f,,,",' ';';,';''';"^, . ,• ' " !• Im-I.'i" I" l«,|,

""■ '" ""■ '""'■ •—•■-I "^H"'." "i;iA?',.i:",3-^',';Lr',?r^,f,''::

dls.rn,iT;rr„?„T,*'.?,';,',?„rrn'r';,':l,°rI'",f 7'^ T"-"™ »"" «""al,y
ll",l I. hroad ,„„| ila,. I 1°,, ,' f" .'?,"«"• '",'» »'""•' 1«» 'I"! a body
(rults: I, „.„„|„. ,„„ « Itl , , r;,; V morn in'; i;;'""''","' "'"'» ""■• »'"

!-''vrr-;,:;,"t:„:;;:"" '- '-^'^='^- "r;:^iS"'^i;.r

aquatic Inserts. The feet are nTii.H 1 ' .""''■ '"'«"■ "^'^'l: ', and
t»een the toes t7tur/h:h Is C,,,',",:,, ""■''!''"'';''■ '"""« "'"l , be
"■'■■'" "■•■ '.. that or thesal;', viS !„ ,s"" '"'""'• '"""" " "•<""

)J.rJt;VJls,Ho,°*l,s';l''-Vx"tend?n7''n'„"rV,'""'''''; """' "'"■«' '» 'he
The limbs of the Lynx are v.rl "^ i"^"'' '""'>' '« 'I"- Umber line

|urn,shed with Hfro'^'^i-hTe U^,T.fI';i ^ot ,'ee„""'i'*' '"^''- ""' ""
It feeds on small quadrupeds sueh «. ■? , ™'' ""''"' ""tched out.

and tipped with a long pencil of black iMirTh"?' '^'"' '"' "» ""=<
B«ln,n,er. „,.y „e AMZZlUiy't^'^X^itJ^t,,';'''''- '"'ch Is . good

^^*^ 4gL (f^^

yj—<<x^

JiiUtrJi*. ^ytw^

(I) MOKNIO OIIIl»_r.i . n,.p.,l,.. h^„ ,

^vr'^'^^^Tvr^r!^^^ ^,.::! , ,„.

i« ...ii,|„,„.d „, ,1^,. ,iii,ii,,„,"'' "'; ""ii" ^"ii"" hiij«i (■■i,.i„„, „,„„ „

"""""•■" "••'"" "■■ - '- Cr.,;;i;;;;i:" zt; • r'j;

- >!--""' s^iiirr";^:;^-:,:-.' "r-" ^ ^ -. ,„

•"I'll;" I., iH.rlh.rt. CnNHiM T,^. , "»', nnrll...rn iioi-i, „f ,h,. l'„!'t

. .-.''^!^^f:;:;j!?*^s;^,^°o~-o.v.. ..«,„-„„,.. „ ,„ ,,,

.hi,?"'" "I" '■"•"""'" I-""" I ... Bh"' "■.,"■ ''.'"" "' ""■ "'•>■'': i>
" ■ "" ' ' '■' '-- ". ti„";„;;:?';';;: „!^«-,^-;; -■

Hjj'iu,r

^?.^^^^r:^°,.-s^-v,.„.,,..^,:.',,;

--^^-s. .UK, ..o MUR„s-..„,, ;;:::

M III,. It,,l.

"■ li ,i,T::\,"'m ";■ -'■""""■•■ii ' "in h, ,,';„■', ,""""; '""■'■•■ -"""'

132) BAZORBILLED AUK a, .

1

LONG WINGED SWIMMERS— ORDER II.— LONGIPENNE8.

SKUA AND JAEGERS — Family Stercorariidae.

Skiio and Ja^sprs are birds havlnn a (lUll-likt^ form with a hookpd bill,
the base of which 1« coveretl with a scaly shield. Thty are able lo swim
and dht- and get their livinR by preyinR upon the (Jiilis and Terns. The
JaegiT is one of the swlftt'sl and most gracefnl of fl>tnK birds.

2:ifl- (35) SKUA — Megalestni ikua- A rare visitor to Ontario. A speci-
men was sectired on the Niagara River in the spring of ISSti. Length of
bird L'(l to 22 inches. Breeds in Ireland and Hudson's Strait. The n* si is a
hollow in the ground, lined with grass. Two t-ggs. olive grei'n. spotted with
brown. Size li.TS x l.!iO.

(36) POMARINE JAEGER — Stercorariu* pomarinut— Range— .Northern
heniispht-re. Rrecding within the Arctic circle. It ip a rare visitant to the
Greai Lakes. Two eggs, olive brown or greenish, and spotted with black.
Sizf' 2:10 X 1.70.

(37) PARASITIC JAEGER — Stercorarlut paraiiticus They locate
Iheir nfsts in the highest pans of marshy places. Two eggs, olive green
or brown. Size L'.Lt x 1.65.

(38) LONG-TAILED JAEGER— Stercorarius longicaudus- The largest
or the Jaegers, being from 17 to 23 inches long. This is due to the central
tail leal Iters, which extend about eight inclie.' beyond the others. Size if
eggs 21** X 1.50.

231 — (42) GLAUCOUS GULL— Laru»hyperboreu» An uncommon but re-
gular winter visitant to the shores of Ontario. One of the largrst of the
nulls, being 2S inches in length. A powerful bird, pnying upon smaller
Oulls. lis bulky nest Is made of seaweed, grass and moss. Two to three
eggs, light drab, spotted with brown. Size .I.11O x 2.J<i.

(47) GREAT BLACK-BACKED GULL— Larua marinua— This bird is a
common winter visitant on our shores, but is chiefly a maritime Bp^cie8,
The largest of the Oulls. thirty inches long, and unlike any others. Egga
are greyish, spotted with brown and lilac. Size n.lMi x 2.15."

(51) HERRING GULI — Lariii argentatus. See «.

(54) RING-BILLED GULL— Larus delawarenais— On Lake Ontario it is
fairly abundant as a spring migrant. Length of bird 18 to 20 inches. Three
eggs, greyish brown and lilac. Size 2.80 x 1.7.5. See 347.

232 -(39) IVORY GULL— Pagophila alba Range -Arctic regions to
southern Ontario in winter. The little Snow Oull, as It is often called, is
15 to 19 inches in length. Eggs are olive.

(40) KITTIWAKE— Ri«a trldactyla—Breeds from Oulf of St. Lawrence
to 80=" north latitude. Its name is derived from the call notes resembling
the Billables kitil-aa. kitti-aa, Nest Is of seaweed and moss on ledge of
cliff. Eggs, buff or brown, grey spotted. Size 2.25 x 1 60. See 340.

(58) LAUGHING GULL— Larus atricHla— Xests in thousands off the
Gulf coast and along the south .\tlantic States. Its call is a long-drawn,
clear note in a high key, imitated by the s>llables hah— ha— ha-ha-ha. Eggs
2 to 5 in number: dark green, spotted with dull lilac. Size 2.12 x 1.55.

(60) BONAPARTE'S GULL— Larus philadc ,?hia. See 7, S. 346.

St ('hii m""7'^ TERN_8t.r„. for.,.rl_Thl> specie, br.ed» m the
SIz,. I>.i X 1.3.. ■■* ""■ """>■ »'"""''' "I'h -i'fk l>f"»„ hJIlk.

mon transient visitant 1,pe^ianvoI 'he rT„f I"".'"' ," " " '""■" """■
tt^ breed within „„r I n.itr ext',,, „,^ r,,"' '"' '■"'""'■ "" '" "« kn-'n
Creenlanti. See :!4S. ' " "" ""'■ """' tf™! the (Inlf to

(72) ROSEATE TERN-Sterna dougalli-This Tern
"ant. Range., f,„„, NVw Kngland to the Gulf

iiii acpidpntal

■ .--"'"o?Thi'T"e^b'Hn;"\^r'rirhT,-ii'r"%','"'%?'' '^-""-■^ "-

era. ' " "" ac-idental visitant on the Intand

iSOl BLACK SKIMMER-Rynchop, nigra -Thi,
M«c,es. confined mostlv ,„ ,lr trop'oaTJe'ionJ

i^ a fariiil> of vnry

~s.SH=;syH::?H~'--'--

fropiral Hjiepies and

'65) ROYAL TERN-St.rna ma,ima--Thi, is
an aecinental vi.Mlor on our roam. mis is

<77) BLACK TERN-Hydr<,ch„ido„ nigra .urina,. = n.i.. See 9 ;*■>

^abir!y:!^i,°*n"T^i,:^'^':4;^";i,;;x: '^ '"'%" '■'"- '-

ward. Thev feed on fish, which he seenre h rtKW °'" ?™''° "<""""
air .md piirsiiInK under water ' "' '''™ " '""'«'" "i the

bree,i!"Vro';?"ra°e*~Tn;eI;rii;r,n°d'"'r''a "'^-R^nRe-. Atlantic coas,.
ins as a transient >"sitor to On, ari '' """"' '" ""■ ""'"'•"'■ """t:

On,a"rlfi;ir°d°Te'o"f4""<=°''"°''*''T-''''»'--ocor,xauri,u.^A„

^p..h'Vs';iis,%"ji?,i,?*f;. fi".=,r/"7rh"»7 '""'= — ™'

rai-„,„e. -MS Often called ■sarhiirl'nTis-'Jo'.lTiront'a^io'"-'^ '" ""•

(130) RED-BREASTED MERGANSER u.
ntoo. abundant speci.s alone the coast and nT^nVn' •"'•""■-One of the
on Lake „„,ari„ in the mon'th, o'f''Aprn"an''d Ma.?."''sre'S3l. ''''' ™"""'°

ix

rl53) BUFFLE.HEADED DUCK-Ch.rl..„«,„„„,.. ^,.^ ,, ,, ,,„
(1671 RUDDV DUCK-Eri.matura j.malcen.i.. .s.„ 4i. 4:i. :162.

2SS~(132) MALLARD-An., pl.tyrhynchot. S«. I:', 1:1. 3411.
(133) BLACK DUCK-Ana. rubripM. .s„. 14. ];. a.-jg.
(135) GADWALL-Chaul.la.mu. llrtptru.. S,-,. 1«. 17.
.':!!' (136) WIDGEON-Mareca p.nerope. s..,. Iv
(137) BALDPATE-Mareca americana. S..e 1;,, ux
(139) GREEN.WINGED TEAL-N.,,i„„ carolm.n... g.e -0 T,.,
:4()- (140) BLUE-WINGED TEAL-Ou.rque.iula di.cor.. See -.1
MM 1™',' Se°^:f ^^-4" ■"^"-SPX'-la c,ypea.a--Th. Sh„v,.l,.r „,- Spoon.

Ea.i.y do„,.s,ica,ed an,i bretd" ;;i^\''pTilv."'''s" 2? P^f''' '"<"""' "-"•"^t

1(8 noles arf low aad toft and ^^p^ ,„ , ?" ^i"""' "''"'''» ="'1 '""(■cts.
Spp 23, H. " "^"^ '" """ ''•"™ "'eP ■'""■n in the throat.

-'42--(146) REDHEAD-Marlla americana, S« M. :!38. S.i".
(147) CANVAS-BACK-Marlla valitineria. See 28, 359.
-'4.1-(14«) SCAUP DUCK-Marira marifa. See n 10

Greater Scaup, ,„e .,0™ o, ,h'e head\"?rprhT„«,ea"r'.r„t'"h'."'L;° s'sY
(150) RING-NECKED DUCK-Marila e.llarl.. s«. 31. ,12

characieristlc. See 33, 34, 365 Oolden-eye wlien In niBht Is a

,u,n=ff7n''.tVc,nptcT!,^r^c-:;ire"'d'„"-„''^^

Ureat Lakes occasionally: specimens haie been ?«i, .1 """ ""

beautiful and gorgeous blVd In ,he",^d,trof ,1," marking,"" IXeX -J
mostiv ,n smgle pairs, along swiftly running stream" ^ ^'"^^ '"^^^''

(160) AMERICAN EIDER— Somateria dre...ri_Ti,i. rij , u
terntined by ,he angle and fratheHng "u the "ideT of the bin ,",'" T
from Labrador to Maine and is a rare visitor to oZno. " ""'"

30
'62) KING EIDER_<!„»,..

L-ll.

<'54, OLD SQUAW-H,r.,c, hyem„i..

-""■■•'« hyemalir s«. 37

('63) AMERICAN SCOTER nin

-"?SSS:=-^^.^'-----

Se

'156) SURF SCOTER_ni^ ■

v.urER_o,d,„,3 per.piciliata, «

'■'°- ^'•''' "' ■' lirownisli Imit t,

"^'5) AMFRlr«», __

AMERICAN

iiiast of Civen'land"
•■KK». liavlriK a (lull

or

-olor.

aa.r.b.l,::'„„.:;:'=„7;"'^ WHITE.FRONTED GOOSE .

('74) BLACK RDA.,-. _

i

pal,, srevnish. Size I •« v i Vo .1 K™i"i(l. Eggs ' - " • ""

1 ■!» x 1.12 mohe.s. See 368.

260-

- — •tuiii tue
lo 6 in number,

(194) GREAT BLUE HERON_ArdM He. H

Merodias. See 47, 375.

SBBliilSP

"-". Size 2*26 X "«"""■ '^^^^ """"^ from 3 ,„ l;'ar"a'";rg^^^;^tS

naev
ward

(208) SAND HILL CRANE_rr,..

(211) CLAPPER RAIL-P.l, '*'' ^"^

rolnr ■ .... r'^" '"nitPd in Ontario ThV ,"-„ * '"" marshes of 1 one

" "-■' '■'"^ '"'"■• »»"'te<i wi/hreSi' "bTowir "sTe V,°,'- "■ ■"'■"™*

(212) CIRGINIA RAIL_R,,, Size 1.72 x 1.2Q i„.he..

KAIL— Raiius virginianus. See 48
-.-'-(214) CAROLINA RAIL OR SOR. n
, '215, VELLOW RAIL Co. '°''*-'""'" """"• See 49, 380.

sfsHll?iiai::;;is

(219) FLORIDA GALLINULE ^

<-" A«ER,CA. CoT;~ "'" "■ — ■-.-

"his ia a
und .Vova

hlofchMd

(222) RED -"""cana. Sen 51. ;j8i.

ind lrr,;;.^,';':r^*^"°h.ir^^^^^^^^ r ":',"■ -i!"- "■-aie

;"""■« Of .ncbaMon To It S" lel^^'" ""■

^"" "-■ "^"^a.x^j^ -s ;r SIS- -r -S

'"«■ «-e 3S:'. 563. '" ' a,,-,s„„la. E«^„ and „\,?t, '";""», "ay. a„<t

springs from Ills ^r;^ '"'"'■ '^■'n be ae'n h, '""r Jl"' dark si

■--■■-inn oo^nlJZ' "'"■ "^^ '"^" ^S!'-"s:^L '

"- -dr^„°^;l.,---» '- "le^S^f'^Si^-r'r-^-Hreeds ,
>me as those of,e°ai;K,'" """'■■ '«dlng J,,"!?,"""' ™s s,
'."'■ ''SKs are 1 „,?L"'».f "'>■ <" 'he members „,',",. "^,""« "ahlls ar

J4'^ X :,(j().

^^ -^ ^--"^".i^>^i,:!'hSx^^»i:^S

In the

^ ing hahri7;r,'L'

fanuly. The three or
"f brown. Size

,234) KNOT— "'"»n. Size

^--!^ai£Si?Ut-^-a-.:P;.or„„blas„..e,

-3.)R.0.BACK.0SA^0P,p„_,.,, ~-- at

al'-.V ihe coast and the ," .'", "" "andeiing" ,, ^ "■'"'"■■• "earching

"""-ed with browL" Z:-7 1-%^% Tl"-- or ou 'e^gT °" 'V,"^ '«"

'283) RUDD fffPnlsh buff.

42

OUT Miaff in anarch of liufccs. I'llraarlly u beach lilrd and a maritime
epidpL, visiting imr Inlantl statloiia i\h.>n lakiiit a "hon route from the
Ailuiitic coa«t to Minlaon's liny. The ibbs, 4 In nuinlHr. art' peculiar aud
beautiful; linht-griTlah or crcani-colm-. il Broulid. marbled with many
sliadi's or brown an<l lllap. Size l.tjri x t.lo.

■Ml (231) OOWPTCHER— Macrorhamphus griseui. Sec u.i. J.Vi.

(233) STILT SANDPIPER— Micropalama himantopul. See 2r,!l

(234) KNOT— Trlnja canutua. See 2-,:i.

1235) PURPLE SANDPIPER- Arquatella maritima The Purple Sand-
piper, or Hock Sandpiper, prefira a riiBiied coast, li is a m.iritlme species
an. I occurs rarely on the (ireat Lakes and (.iber inland waters. It has been
taken on Lake Ontario and at Toronto. .N'oveniber :ird. 11)00 Four egKs of
Er(yish buff, splashed with shades of brown and Krey.

(243a) RED-BACKED SANDPIPER— Pelidna alpitia sakhallna. .See .-,7.
ns. J.iii.

'248) SANDERLING— Caligis leucophaea. See !;.-,».

::iil--(239) PECTORAL SANDPIPER— Piaobia maculata. See 56.

(240) WHITE-RUMPED SANDPIPER— Pisobia fuicicollii'- Fairly com-
mon in the fall along the coast and (Ireat Lakes. Breeds within the \rctic
circle and wlntirs In the Weal Indies to Souih America. It is a geu'le bird
and olien allows one to approach within a few feet of It Three or four
eggj, which cannot be disilntulshed from the iollowlnB species. Size

(241) BAIRD'S SANDPIPER— Pi.obia balrdi -The Haird Sandpiper is
a fairly common transient species, migialing ihrough the Interior of North
Amtrica to Chili and Patagonia.

(242) LEAST SANDPIPER— Pitobia minulilla-Ou.- smallest Sand-
piper: a common niierant along our coasts and Inland waters. It utters a
mellcvv peep, peep or peel, peet, and breeds from the Unlf of Si. Lawrence
to the Arctic regions.

(246) SEMIPALMATED SANDPIPER— Ereunetei puslllus. See 59.

:e;- (254) GREATER YELLOW-LEGS— Totanua melanoleucui. See 61.

(255) LESSER YELLOW-LEGS— Totanus flavipei— This species breeds
m the Arctic regions and migrates southward. Much less common in the
spi-ing than in the fall. Its habits are similar to those of the Greater
Yellovlegs. but It IS less suspicious. It travels in large flocks. The flesh
does^not compare favorably with that of the Snipe and larger Sandpipers.

(256) SOLITARY SANDPIPER— Helodromas solitariui. See 63.
(263) SPOTTED SANDPIPER— Actitis macularia. See 64.

:i:l -(249) MARBLED GODWIT— Limoia ftdoa-Oodwlts are large
Plovers with long, slightly upcurved bills. The Marbled Oodwit. or Brown
Marlin. breeds from Nebraska to Saskatchewan. Winters in the West
Indies and Central Amtrica. It was formerly a regular spring and fall
migrant, but is now a rare visiiaiu or straggler.

'"'!■". T],r.., or four " J^,' ^"' """ "'" "» "n 'li" ('if "" '"•■ """h
'265) HUDSONIAN CURLEW «

-Vi'-ic r^Blniis an ,'i . ■ '"™<-<-'y a regular fLn'"" Eskimo Curlew
■ "",'■ "■■i-K. however I, °™ ""''°"'''' » '"'v vearfl,, f, "'" """ »P-<''-»

•■"-■ "- "- ->.>™-'"rr;,,^-'-;-;;-,n5i;;sfrr <; ^s

, -«■■■ (258) WILLPT ^ '"'>il.ible resulL

Se«

,. ^'fi.^ (270) BLACK BELL.c '' """•' »'™*' "•' be^a

f ■• B6. 3i.3. '"-«CK.BELLIED PLOVER R„ .

V•l,„',f'',*^?Jf,'''<;AN GOLDEN PLOVER-ch

>i.;Kara River. o^'7he°"„:™ ""^ ''[''•■ """i"" /eTr'",'^'; '">™""'" >"°nf

'-3)k-lloeerploTer:o

'"<> SEM,.PALMATEO PLOVEplr """""'■ '" "' "'

-6«-f289) BOB WHITE_C , '^""""' """P'Imat,. See 6S

•67 -(2»«e) CANADA SPRUCE GROUSt, OH SPRUCE PA,1TRID0ll
-C.n.chlltl c.n.d.niU c.n.M ll l» common throughoul Ihe lal.mr»c and
.pruc- .wamps of 11..- nurtl. woods, and l> bpcon.liil! ■"^"'•'■■•"' ,•■»'■'' .>.'^i'„'f
1. an u.i«n.plclo..>. bird and will nol 11) unle.H act.mlly "WlS-d lo fhe n^»l
I. iilacd on u -llKhl Hevallon l.H,id.- a .lump or l,.n™th fh- l^"'"-,!' • " »
.pruc. iree. EggH arn « lo 14 In number, ralh r poiuL-d. .pirkl^d »ltli
rlrh chcBlnut. SIzi- 1.72 x 1.25.

(3001) CANADA RUFFED GROUSE— B«nii« umb«Mui togiU.

Si'

71.

■•6» (315) PASSENGER PIGEON— EctopHte. mijr«torlu«— h. IsiiH
n.llllnn« of the.H bird, oroupl.'d ihr timber In Ontario. A lars|. l"'nilm;^
"ould lr..„uu.tly rontaln 3U or 40 ne-t. »lth .SK« or >■„,„,«. Hothn ale
■ni^ female take pan In incubation and In feeding llie ».|uab>. See ,2. ,.1. -l.tli.
(J1«)— MOURNING DOVE— Z«n»ldur« inicrouri carolioeniir See 74.
76. 4111).

■■69- (325) TURKEY VULTURE— Cathartei aura •eptentrlonilli -The
TmUv Vulture, or Turkey Huiizard. a. It I. called. Inhabit tropical and
rempcate .\merlca from I'atasonla to Saskatchewan and llntltd. >'"lun bla.
This bird IH the most accomplished aerona.il ainunii our birds of pre>
It ,„■.!.« upon the ground In a secluded spt.t. 1. Is vers valuable as a sca-
venger. Its food consisting entirely of carrion. Eggs number 1 to 2. plain, or
apoiled with chocolate. Size 2.« x 2 Inches. See .im.

(331) MARSH HAWK— Circui hudtonlua. See "•>. 41ii.
(333) COOPER'S HAWK— Acclplter cooperi. See 7«. 270.
(337) RED-TAILED HAWK— Buteo borealia borealli Our typical and
cominonesl Duzzard Ha»k. li Inhabits eastern .North America from the
n°i"t S«ies 10 northern Tanada. Nests In the tallest trees ii. large patchea
of 'roods; this species, though called Hen Hawk, rarely visits theponltry
vnrd The greater part of Its food consists of small mammals. The call
of the Red-tail is a long-drawn squealing whistle. Krcm 2 to 4 :;Kf •»!;''';•
blotched and spottid with various shades of brown, size 2.-!.'i x l.sil.
See 406.

I347a) ROUGH-LEGGED HAWK— Archibuteo lagopua tanctljohannli—
This b'rd Inhabits the boreal zone from Newfoundland and central British
Co-imUUi to the limit of trees, and wanders southward In winter to the
l.ako. Ontario lowlands. Thrpe eggs of a bluish while color, splashed with
dark brown. Size 2.25 x 1.75.

(352) BALD EAGLE— HallKelua leucocsphalua leucocephalua. See 83
l356a) DUCK HAWK— Falco peregrinua anatuin. See 84.
(364) OSPREY— FISH HAWK— Pandlon haliaetua carollnenala. See- 87,
:7li— (332) SHARP-SHINNED HAWK— Acclplter velox. See 77. 408,
(333) COOPER'S HAWK— Acclplter cooperi. See 78. 26il. 272,
271 -(334) GOSHAWK— Altur atricaplllua atrlcapillua. See 7i>. 80, 407.
272- (333) COOPER'S HAWK— Acclplter cooperi. See 78. 26». 270
(337) RED-TAILED HAWK— Buleo borealla borealla. See 269. 273,
27H~(337) RED-TAILED HAWK— Buteo borealla borealit. See 269, 272
(339) RED-SHOULDERED HAWK— Buteo lineatu. Ilneatui, Ste 81. 411.

4?

J"li.inii

-'74-(347«) ROUOH-LtaotD HAWK A..kii. .

mil-. Si... -Mi, •■•uu»u HAWK— ArehibutM lagopgi uncll-

.3311 MARSH HAWK-CirculhudMnlui. Ste 7« -70
.343, BROAD-WINGED HAWK_B„,.o pP..,p,.,„.. a..

Si. 412

<r -h.. R»,„„r,.,. bH„,whl,Ji„ rotor .n/hLr?" ■""■,''''■ "'""' '■and.umr,

«I" --k will, light brown and 7]™,l,Suns "''''■ '"'""""l- «P""-1 and

l«",..rn and In.^nsl.y s^?/ S? ,'^'™;|'-''g;;.''^^^ ""S lHar, varjinK In

v.. ,[.!"' "'■° "0'-E-H.II«tu. l.uc.c.ph.,u. I.uc,c.ph..u.. s.e

Size :'..10 X 1.80. ""' '^"'"'^- l'l"i'-li'il with reddUh brown.

larB.i.f :!..,?,:ra*„'-,<=°':|-^^=,'^-«ic=lu. ,yr,.,c^Th.. <,,rr„,o„„ „ ,h.

"■..i...,r,a,„,„ ,.„i, :™NS;;^^:;..^;iraKr"„..'uii^-^r *"

ra.co'„'t':U^lS'=„'*„r,°h::rrf.n^'ar7rd*'L°a;rar°''''d»'"'''"-^'>'»°^^
wml.r a» far as Ontario. New "^o^kTd Rh,S'T;„"„"d''. '"'"'" """""'"■' '»

ch«rao;^S'b°"^bl"t raoilirarhe TTJ,?!"" '.""""-'^ b™ullr„l bird,
vl.l'or .0 .s„,„hrrn Ontarlor?areK ,een1n Z n',' J ""L ™"'"'™' »■»"""'
In lajlern Ontario, and al»o In Mu'koka Th "■ "" ""'■" '°""'' """■■«
n.arked and n,„s, boau,lf„l of Falcon °ggs. **'' *'''' "'■'' """" "■''»'"''

Hawf„„!f.'/i;;;"S"„,"*«^-7;c?«|^.-b^^^

lario. lis fliKi,, |„ „„,if, ^ „„».'?rf„7 ?.? , " "'!■'> '■"■""'on bird In On-
chletly north as far a, .Alaska an7 '■,..„„■ n''".'"'*"'^' "'^" '''"I''' ''■■«-dlnB
.^h bu.r ™,„r. beavll, blo,.b?.d^r.,l,r;"„ a^dtll^rnr" ^ I'^O T^

,300, SPARROW HAWK-r.,c. .p.rv.rlu. .p.rv.rlu..'

Sep 86. 40S.

P.c,marlv'f"*d.dZ't.?r™~*'o"h",t';«:7H°''~ ■""• """^ "»' »"» a long.
'< Inhabits ihP warm;r potion of North »';*'"''' "''■•^'""'''''•-'''"■'l Owl*:

on.ari,,. f.„„r ,„ ,,, „„,^, whi,"; ;;gr'^li;\"';„™''i..,''«"%'^/4.'-r' "''" '"

porilion°of .North Ain^r" ?r™"vo 'aVo!?-? "Jn^^ ^1""^'"' •'" 'emperate
Ihlrk, ,s ar^ Its favorite retreats irr»ni, "'"'"P''- P'newoods and alder
Ra„ n,., In ;„ fervlop, to ,gr c„lt, re as l, "r"".'" ""' ^'"•" O"'' ""d tbi
t.rv,„ nhi... eRirs. size 1.62 xS """ ^o"''*" nio.stly o( mice

-•™ -(368) BARRED 0WL-8,ri. v.rl, varla. See St,
.nh..|r\h%^^:af ?„^rr.,°^'■l?„^-'•C'rie"a•^'''°"-^''•■ «-' «-> "w,

;::;t'"i';,^ ',""'' "' "<■- >" wr„7erftTaTder':™,,?h':'a7! ^"t'" "'•"'■•

■■ '•nia. Tv.u .0 roin >,hite eggs, size 2.1.r, , , 7? iSe, "^ "" ''"' •"• C«"-

4C

(3761 SNOWY OWL— Nycm nyete». .S... IM, 9.I. 42;

;■•! (171) RICHARDSON'S OWI Cryptoglaun toMrea ricltardioni—

ThiH tti.t-cl«'H hi (N Inim norih.Tii Hiiiit.|i ( oluiiil.ia .inil MIiitiu. itliil win*

ItTH hni.lli to (Jiiiurici. \Iak<'« lis U<Niif 111 lilt' cuvlt) m llu' lioltom of S
Irci'. Sl«i. of I'liits l.LTi X l.'i:..

(3721 SAW-WMBT OWI — Cryptoglaus acadia acudia. H.v i.l

(377a) HAWK OWL — Surnia uluia caparoch Tliirt tilnl. llu- Ncururi Mo
hiil)-Hi.i-i-i..:s of S iiliilii, hn^filH from HriilHli Coliimbia. Moiniiiia am: rnRava,
norllmaril lo llii. lliiilt of lri'P». ll h nol r.irv a» ii «inli-r vcHllaiir lo (In.
larlo. A viTy ucllv.' bird. ■•»|ii'claMy In (lie day lliii., for li l» mor.^ illiirnal
than nuclurnal. Thrff lo I'lglil wlillp tg«s SIkh 1 -,ii x ] ;ii, 3„.. 41;.

J^2 (367) SHORT-EARED 0W( Aalo flammeua. S,.. »s. mi, 4:3.

(3731 SCREECH OWL— Otua aalo aalo Ii liiliablls .nsinrn Norlh
America from (Inlario and Niv\ llriiiisnlik lo T.\a« and H.-ornln. Oiir com-
ni'iiic^l owl. [(finaln;- ronri'iil-d tiiiiiii« llif day in a liollow lifi', and at
diiHk l.iHiiffi forth and iilttrs lii.s moiiriifiil wbldil... Th»' Srri'fcli Owl
a^^unii'.- a rinlon» a|i|ii>aninr.- lo I'ai'ap,. obscrvallon. Tin npin'r flKiiro In
this iilpt.' 1st by no niraiis an fxlicm.' Illiirtlralion of HiIm attinidf. S.'i> 417.

■2K- (375) OREAT HORNED OWL— Bubo virglnlanua viglnianul—
Thl:i HH'cli-s and lis \a i. Ill's arc tlic onh laiEc Owls liavlnc ciinKiilriiona
llii Ulfl«. ;?«■ (13. 416.

iSl ,387) YELLOW-BILLED CUCKOO— Coceyiua amirlcanua am.rl-
canur.- l.anR.- |-nll.-d Stalls, east if thr plains, and floni aoiiMn-rn Can-
»da .-cnitliwai'd- Tlii- i-coiioini- valiii- of llii Ciiikoo rannot be iini-stloni-d.
Tills and llie nrxt spft-ji's arr our onlv birds Ibai arc fond of bairy raltr-
plllars. and they may bi- iiflin foiiml .si-ali'd hi'sldr Ihi-lr tnnls Krom tbree
to foif dozi-n cuti-rplllars si-i-m lo In- a ini-al. Tb.. i-ncs an- dcposltid at
lntervi-\«, HO that yonng birds and fri-sli ikks niav bi. found in tlie ni-nl at
till- aiuc timi-. It is iinfortnnal.. Ibal tbi-si- birds an- not more abundant.
Thpir numbt-rs mlBht bi- ini-n-asi-d by offiThiB them suitabli- Ihlckpis In
uhlrb Ic ni-st. Thi-y an- of greal valuf to the farmer. Nrst and eega
Hiniilar to thi- Illai'k-billcd fni-koo. See 441,

(386) BLACK-BILLED CUCKOO— Coceyiua erythrophthalmui— Com-

n onei In Onlario than thi- Yellow. bilbd Cuekoo. See 96. 4.14.

(3?0) BELTED KINGFISHER— Ceryle alcyon. Sm 97, 437.

:«:, (3931 HAIRY WOODPECKER— Dryobataa vllloaul villoaua-The
Hairy A\oodpecker la 3 resident and is common in the wooded districts In
the fall, winter and eiirly ..prhiK It appears in orchards, doing efficient
service against bortrs. cocoonii and other enemies of the trees Early In
the season Ihe Hairy Woodpecker begins lo excavate Its nesling hole which
Is found at a heiglii of from 31) to 60 feet. The hole Is excavated in living
trees, the opening being circular, two Inches in diameter, leading backward
two or three Inches in the solid wood, then downward for eight lo sixteen
Inches. Chips are left at the bottom of the cavitv as a bed for Ihe eggs
which are 3 lo .^i in number, pure white; size .9.t x".73.

98 427"°' DOWNY WOODPECKER-Dryobataa pubeicena mcdianua. Se-

2R6-(4()0) ARCTIC THREE-TOED WOODPECKER-Plcoidea arcticu>

—This species is confined to the spruce and balsam belt of the Canadian
zone. Its food consists ef the larvae of the boring beetles, which are found

4,"

• 12.. ..•!, A .,.1. A yHll.,» ,.r„»i, pairli dl«llr,Kul.li.-, i|„. „ial,.. '

-v: (401} AMIRICAN THRKTOIO WOODPICKIR- Pit.,rf..

|:.ir,l,.d i,« a (......-ririal .,,..,1... l, ,|..,ir,n, I,,',,,..,

licri|»T». alil» anil l...rln)l I Ili» S.. Ml, i,,; 4;,-,

niinilKM> of urart

l»|i (405«1 NORTHERN PILEATEO WOODPECKKP dxi. .
S,.,! |,„;'i:". " '" """ """ «'■'""• »l'l''l' '''■'"■".'. 'h- "lanillnK ,i,„i„t.

l,i-|l. ."M'n.nV^li; WOODPECKER-C.nturu. c.r.llnu.

" ~ , , i '' '"" """ '" ""■ "••iMi'-a.l. I„it II , H no, ,

I' "'' "f sarilfn friilis, Sin' 1":;. 4j|

iiii

ali,.''",^'i'l,''°wf!'^!:'*"'' FLICKER_Col.pt,, ,ur..u, Put,u, Th,. i.ononu.
■H.-i hull* >vl,l<.|, III,. l„>rlic,il,i,rlM ran .nrnuran,. M,.,. im I's

1"

(417) WHPP.poOR.WILL-Antro.tom„. v„cif,ru. voclf.ru,. S^„
(420J NIOHTHAWK_Chord.ll., virgini.nu, ,irgi„i.„u. ll,.

iililililPi

.\;i^^> "UBV-THROATEO HUMMlNOBIRD-ArchN.chu. clubrlr
-'i:l (444) KINGBIRD— Tyr.nnu, tyr.nnu.. See liiS. 447,
(452) CRESTED FLYCATCHER-Myi.rchu, erinitu,. s.e 107.
(4561 PHOEBE-S.yornI, phoeb.. So.. lO'. 44R

..n,,,,HeTa''r'',%'7..'«i^r;e';dZt:L;\;'r;i^ar're/4T;."''-^"'^^

Sf

I

■4X
y.>4 l4et) WOOD PIWII— M,lotli»n«i virtM. »...■ 11(1. 4«.

(4M| VILLOWItLLIID FLVCATCMIH— ImpldonM (lavlvtnlrli-

lli Orilnrh) il Ik ii rnlrl) I'liiiiimm »iitiini>T ri«liliiic. lnhabliliiii iiiii>ll> ilii
|>»IH(I> Klnpi'^ itnti iiiniiritiiltix. uhiri' ihi- rorki* Hnil noil Hr«- rnvtri'ij «'iih I
il>"->' hiiil .r Kr.'iii mm» lliTi' It may bf roiiiiil rriirii .iirly In Jiini- lu llii
flTKt of Aiitiiixl. II i'oni>triii'tN liM n*--! In tlio nioitN on «<tnii' fallvn lug oi

roik Kniin :l to ,■• In nninltir; inllli) uhltr, Hi ..(I villi I'lnniimon IjroMii

«izf 1 r >'iiiii 117 X :.! inrh"'» Si'i' 4r.i',

(4W| ACADIAN FLYCATCHtR— Impldoni. vlrtKtni Thl« .liiciii

lnh»l>ll« .■ii«ltrn North A ricu ft-,. mi miiitlnTn Ontario to T.-xii». nnd «ln

li-r« In nortli«.'»lirn Hoiitli AmiTlcu, It pri'liri. ilr> nllnutlonK lo i-uiini|>)

loiiillil.». Tlio rKKi. iiri' Ir :' to 4 In t ilirf; iTeurn jironnil, »iiott.-(J »,ih

<lt.rk rulilMi brown; hUi- 74 X r»;t mrlif".

(4aea) ALOER FLYCATCHER— Impidonax trailll ainorum Th.- AUIul

Hyi-uti'hir Inhnlilm ■■u»t,rN Xonli Atn.rl.u froi jural Alunka. giirtiic

Mnil Nt-uroiitiilliinil iintt -tuilhtrn otiiarlo. h iirfftTH r.mini|iH inort- or U'ff
thlikly ('< mvil «IMi alil. i«. Tliv n.'>t l» rnmi one anil ii half lo tour fi-cl
troni III.' Kt'iHinil. Kkkm :i lo 4, inuniy »hli.-. nprlnklMl uttli brovyn. Mlie
.7:1 X ,ri;t.

(«67| LEAST FLYCATCHER— Empldona. minlmui. S... 111.

-!ir. (473) SKYLARK— Alauda arvenala TIiIh Kiiro|)i-an (,(i.>clt« ha-*
bf.n iMtroiliiffil In N. « York Slat,.. WVIl . HtablliihtMl In lim7, but th.i are
not Incri-anInK In nniiibfri* anil bar.iy bold ihi-ir own. s#-t* IKn, .-.Hn *

(474) HORNED LARK— Olocorii alpaalrlt alpaatrli Thi' llorn^il
l.ark Inliabllx thn bor.al rc«lon i.om IKwthla I'tnlnnula to Jamm Bay.
Labrador and N'*-wfoufidlaixd, and wlntprs south In the Cniled Htatcn. C'on-
tln.'d iirlnc'liially lo Ihi' coamal dlHlrli-m. It arriVH» from Ihv norih about
Oilnb.r L'lMh to NovenibtT ir.th. St-r 4:»«.

(474b) PRAIRIE HORNED LARK— Otocoria alpaalrli pratlcola.

(697) PIPIT— Anthua rubaacana The Wnutall family l» more deV n^ I
in iht' Old World than in Anierii-a. This HperleH l.s Arctic, and on)-,
of pajtHac occur In Ontario. frcijiifntlnK ihc nhorct*. mud flat.* and pl'c la -
fleldw.

i»6-(477) BLUE JAY— Cyanocltta crlalata criatata The llliie Jav

carrle.« acornn and chestnut* ind biirle.'. them In the ground for future uae.
In thiK way he plantii many lormt ireeK He also does nood bv destroylnn
many Injurious insects, but his tnischlpf is nev.'r endiuK. as he Is one cf
the wtust nesi robbers we have. See II:!. 4.')4.

J!i7 (484) CANADA JAY— perlaoreua candanaia canadanala -The
Canada .lay. known to the northern hunters as "Whiakey Jack." "Mooi^e
Hird." and "t'anip Itobber." inhabits the boreal rcKlon of eastern Anteiici
from Mackenzie. Keewatin and northern Quebec to Alberta. It rarely
straggles southward In the winter. In the winter season It is Impossible to
drive these birds away from the carcasses of detr or other animals which
have been killed. They will enter the camp, hop about thf table and dfiour
anything within teach, paying no attention to the human occupants The
nest IS placid in a small conifer. Eggs. .1 to r,: a dull grey speckled with
purple briiwii; size 1 10 x .S2. See 4.iiH.

(486a) NORTHERN RAVEN— Corvua corax prlncipalia. See 114.

:';"» (4M) AMINICAN CHOW — Corvu* brichyrhynchoi b^iehyrhyn-
CHOt. Si't' llii. (.'iS.

i4»0p FKH CROW— Corvus OMifragui llil» crim Inlmbil- llu- coiulal
illairhr. .,r ilif ..,i,.i,.rii riili.'M Si.iir- li i, .•onriiinl u, ili.- I.>«..| HudBoo
vaM.-j uml l> ill.iinitulKh.'.l rnim ili. coiiim.iii ,r„. In lr« .iiuiII.t »iii- mid
lu'lrm I. ,.« ■iir'iilt'liiiK l> mnri> .'u.il) uiiiiroiiclml

!'•!• (4M BOBOLINK — Ooltchonyx orynvorui. St-r Utj, ttiti

(4»«i REDWINOEO ILACKIIRD— Agilliul phott, cu. pho»i.c(y|
Sft' ll*. 111*. 4t{j.

(Mt, RU8TV aLACKBIRD— luphagui carohnui Tin. ,i,.,-l„ l,,-

flilliii- ,-,.«'.rM N.irlh Am^rli-u hn'v.lliii fr Alii.kii l.> i-.iilnil oilfarlo

\\l„..,. r,„n, .1,,. <||,|„ niv,.: ,„ ,i„lr ,;t M.aIc,,. ii,„ ilU'd i|<«

I lini. li hinikliird cm ii.t,,,,,,, „t |„ „„„, „, nor.-, uiv num. Ilqiihl llmn <hn
( r.Mi llliickhlnl Thr «.■•! I,, uall.ii In »IIU i„ii,l ,.i nill..ii «,kiJ udiT tha
iimnn.rnftli»lt,li|„.l|,ru»li Koiiii,, ru,. ...k^; i,|,i1.K Kn...ii. ^i»)ii,.rt with
ihMicpluif l,ri-»ii: ,\i,- 1,7:; , l mrh s.-.- )«;.

:■.'•" (493) STARLINO— Sturnua vulflarla. Sw lllli, 4,-,:,

I4»!i COWBIRD— Molothrui aler alar S«. 117 4IW

(S11) PURI»tE CRACKLE— QuIacaluB quiacula gulicula lluim.' -

,","■'," 'J"!,'"'' "'•'"•" "■"" ""■ "=""■ "' M""i"'lM....lt«. «lni..r> .1,,.,, .!,.■

i!i.ir h, hnhi.s ,„„i ,.r„„„„,i, i,„ -I,,,,,.,. ,i,„ »„„.(,., ,1,,,., „..i JiffiT rmm

111.' Illiiiiz,- i.rnrklf, «lllcll l« iiiDr. iihiiniliiiir ri„ „. „ „„,. ,.,,,, „„. |„,||,
Mi,Kui,l,„l,l,. fr„„i ih.,,.. ,,r lln,„z,,l rlr,„ki.

(Sllai BRONZED GRACKLE-Qulacaluaquneula aenaua. s,..- I:;l'
:!"1 (!01l MEADOW LARK— Sturnella magna magna. Sf. Uil

4iir>

(SMl ORCHARD ORIOLE-lctarua apuriua II,.. Orrhard Orlul- l„.
nil ij'< ».,..n, .\nrlh Allicrloi from sijuihfrn Ontario to Ti>xa» and tha

llilir rim»t, and uirilrrs rmm mMilll.l'n M..M s„iiili Arii.ri.ii ll, ..„iiii

i» dirr.Teni fri.m thai or our cimrooncr Itnlllmor.. Orlol,.; it l» n.hrT and
" T.- rkslH.. 1I,H bird Is HP,, mnr, l„.i„.ri,-ial lli:,„ that „f |l„. |im,i„,„r,.
I'.Ml plant l!c""'"s„. ."ir "" """" '"""■ *"" ""•""■■"' '•" '■aterplllara. b-^tle,

(507) BALTIMORE ORIOLE— Ictarua galbula. S^f U'l. 4HS

,„„,:;","!, "I?', f"!"^ QRO»E=AK— Pinlcola anuclaator laucur.-l„ t„
rnnto It I, ,||r1„|,. |rr,.«i,lar. b„t l,„. ho.n rfl.i, „.,,, ,^,,.,„f „„ ,|„, ,„„„^.
tain BKh brrrl,.. In our slrpM, In winter. See 124. 185, 1J6, 49»

(5171 PURPLE FINCH— Carpodacua purpureua purpuraua. Ste U'7. 4<I4.

I.. ,h"'i '";^ •^''°"""-'—l-o«lacurviroa<ra minor The Crossbill breed,!
YoTi' Z'.J.T '" . "",k"" r-?"!"""' »« '" «""th as sonthern .Vew
Mlmvinl h"??, """%""'" ""■ '■'"'■ """beak and morf of a .anderer,
,1 vl,,,?, „ ,h I ""P "',""■••• "!"■"'•'■ ""d he,nloek cones. The, are very
,h^l , . ,J,M *"'''" "' '•""■'"•'i'" 'f"!' from the cone.. bknitInK bv
If m-ikiLd'^'se-J";;,"" '"--"' "' """"" '"•> ""^'""»' - •■' "■''"'-"

(522) WHITE-WINOED CROISBILL-Lo.la leucoptara. Sep 12S.

3114- (528) REDPOLL— Aeanthia llnaria llnarla. See 129, 495.

-..o^-'^r.r^;r^;^-^;i^.a^.

(529) AMERICAN GOLDFlNru . .

I'll'. .•I<15. 4SH. 361. ""'■'"''NOH-Aitr.g.linu, trl.fi. tri.tl.. See 1

>'"iaiin<h. but js lesB meloilloUB. See lio ° ' "" """S suKSescs the

^M- (514) EVENING GROsBPii^ lj
"na. See 1,3. 484. " """S^EAK-HMperiphona v..p,r,in, ve.p.r.

,,., 1"'* AMERICAN GOLDFINrw « .

13:', .^4, 40S. 561. ""'-'"^'NCH-A.traQalinu. tri.ti. ,ri.li,. «,,„ ,..,

EUROPEAN GOLDFINru »

.. 1» no, Hkely to be™,.e ^^U^L^S ii^'^^^^-'^lj^^ %[^^fo;'^ '.
niv.,r-s'er,',,^J,r ^"'•^''-'^-«~°«^^AKE-P,„..„,,,„„ „,,,.

= raong the weeds^th* T^fe^sTamw'ke!'""""'' "■"'ticola-While feeding
compared to the s.vllables! '^ee Tt .!^a?rt%''» " '•""'"''W' 'inkllhg of Sef
»-ra,n of long.drawn ..oees'll^ra canar," Se"e if '"''"'' " ""^ a%eaut°fu

confined to the .North' lM„?.'!*'"'°^~''"'"''':ul''> Princeo.- Tl,i
and winters as far ';'o„,l"a™GeoT;ir "'■'"""' '"' ^"'>"' '""". ^v

bird \a
''A Soctia,

(546) GRASSHOPPER SPARpnu/ .

mmmmmmm

(547) HENSLOW'S SPARRnu/ i>

(548) LECONTE'S SPARROU/ o

ra Xorth .America from o7ea?^];reT,?;""""; '""""I-Inhablts cen-
raro"^" •,"■'""■'•■•' "■""' «»"»«» to Texi; iin^",""""" Saskatchewan an"
r«ro„„a. „ „ p„„,.v an acCdenta", TSa'„t\'o"r„S°rV{;'„tr.' "' ^™'^

I -Xpxr, to the
aigtr than the
t-dpoli. KsKs

ttis. Sne 1

'inch, inhabits
^"fr California
^r it wanders
ch in habits;
stiffgests tlif

rtina veiper-

til. SiH. l:ii,

Old World

II rnports it

See Iftft.

■nax nivalis

liiie feeding
ng of notes
a beautiful

his bird is
ova Soctia,

savanna—
n Ungai'a.
1 common
: nests in
e. vary in

rum aus-

i, Ontario
elevation
ambles a
^ sported

malowi —

Inters in

Sparrow.

feddish

"ni*"'\I'«'?J;*°•i^'' SHARP-TAILED SPARROW d
(550) SEASIDE SPARROW o

pllyrl"Th **"'TECROWNED SPARROW ,

Sparroiv i.s a Thin T > .'""^''*"' I" a season Tb„ '""^ "' '"' .™unf!

bits cen-
*an and
)f South

(563) FIELD ?PARRO«/ • ■
„ '-. ^OX SPARROW p"^ ' • ^--'"^

"'" (581) SONG SPARROW u.

°*-"""-'" -">«'" -lo-l.-S.. HO. 4T4.

I

52

(5S3) LINCOLN'S SPARROW— Melospiia lincolni tineolnl— Range-
North America from the Yukon valley, central Ontario, Xova Scotia. (
well as in the Rocky and Sierra Nevada mountains. Prtsent in the »pru(
and tamarack .swamps. Its sonR tuiggeatrt the bubblinR. guttural notes <
the Hou»e-wren and the rlpplinR music of the Purple Pinch. It» nest r
fipmbles that of the Song Sparrow.

(584) SWAMP SPARROW— Meloapiza georgiana-'An abundant sur
mer resident in marshes; breeds throughout its range in Ontario. Dark 1
color, and owing to Its shy habits, not commonly seen during the breedln
reason. Its newt, which is* of grasses, le placed on the ground in spots wliei
walking is extremely treacherous. The eggs are greenish white, cloudf
with brown spots; size .75 x .55. See 141, 476.

(587) TOWHEE— Pipilo erythropthalmus erythropthalmur See 142,48

311— (593) CARDINAL— Cardinalia cardlnalia cardinalis— Range-
Eastern United States from Iowa and southern New York to the Gu
coast: It is non-migratory. A resident of dense swamps and thickets. Tli
song ot the Cardinal is a loud, clear whistle. Its nest is composed of twig
rootlets and weed stalks and strips of bark, placed in thick bushes. Egg
:i to 4. pale bluish white, speckled with brown and greyish; size l.fJOx
inches. If the residents of localities where this bird is found could prote<
it. there is no doubt that it would remain throughout the winter. See 48i

'Zamelodia ludoviciana. St

(595) ROSE-BREASTED GROSBEAK-
143, 485.

:il2- (597) BLUE GROSBEAK— Guiraca caerulea— Range— Southeaster
United Slates, northward as far as southern Pennsylvania. Kentucky an
Kansa?-. \o specimens found in Ontario. See 487.

(598) INDIGO BUNTING— Pasaerlna eyanea— The song of this bird ha
a pleasant, chippering warble. A wholly beneficial species. See 144, 48

313— (608) SCARLET TANAGER— Piranga erythromelas. See 145, 5U

(610) SUMMER TANAGER— Piranga rubra rubra- Range- Easter
United States from Florida to southern New Jersey, wandering as far nort
as New England and Nova Scotia. It winters in Central and South Araerici
Inhabits woodlands, as does our Scarlet Tanager. which it reaembles i
breeding habits.

314-(611) PURPLE MARTIN— Progne tubla aubia— Range— Nort
America from Nova Scotia, Saskatchewan and Idaho, south to Floridj
Winters in South America. It is a summer resident, but not as common i
our cities and villages as it was fifty years ago. This bird must be pri
tected as it is very beneficial. Aside from ui..avorable w.'ather condRion^
its principal enemy is the Bnglish Sparrow. Eggs, 4 to 6. white; siz
.35 s .&n. See 502.

(612) CLIFF SWALLOW— Petrochelidon lunifrona lunifrona. See 14'

(613) BARN SWALLOW— Hirundo erythrogaatra. See 146. 503.

(614) TREE SWALLOW— WHITE-BREASTED SWALLOW— IrldOf
rocne bicolor. See 147. 506.

(616) BANK SWALLOW— Riparia rlparia— Our smallest svallo«
Range from the edge of the tropics to Labrador and Alaska. It is
Hummei resident in Ontario, abundant where sand banks are plentiful

" 53

I-ikf Ihe WhhcbrfaBted Swallow, It hunts lis prey over the »iirface ot the
water. Its excavations are from 18 Inches to 3 feet In depth, the nest, com-
posed o' straw, grass, etc., being at the end of the tunnel. Kour to sli
esBS, white; size .68 x .48,

Ti, 'V'!. "OUGH-WINOED 8WALLOW_8t.lgldopt.ryx .errip.nnis-
Thi« bird resembles the Bank Swallow, hut Is larger. RanB>---Britl^h
Columbia, Minnesota and Massachusetts, southward to the c.ulf coast
Winters In the tropics, II inhabits our river valleys and lake shores The
nest Is in fissures of shale, rock, or around (he stonework ot bridges. Eggs
!) to 8 In number, white; size ,72 x .52.

V .l'°~'?."' BOHEMIAN WAXWING— Bombyclll. oarrula-Range^
Nor hern Hemisphere, breeding far north in the high mounlalus ot the
west, straggling southward In winter as far as Ontario and nortliern Unlt.d
states. They resemble the Cedar Waiwlng, but are larger. See 505.

Se, W sm?!"*'' *'*'<*"'0-CHERRV BIRD-Bombycilla cedrorum.

316~(621) NORTHERN SHRIKE— Lanlu.borealii. See 150.
v,J^^"l "'^^ANT SHRIKE-Laniu. ludovici.nu. miBr.n.-Range-
««iL„ «„'i"v ■'"d "■'"" ';'"'"'r''" Mi"""""! Ml< gan. southern Quebec.
Maine and New Bunswiok; winters from the Middle States to Te?as It
has been confused with the Northern Shrike. This species has become
more numerous since 186ii. 1, Is a regular breeder In southern OntarTo
hn Im^l " '"h" "".'""•">^"' SI"-""'. II rarely destroys our song Wrds!
Ee Its tavorit?r™r' " ■ •"■ "'""""' """ '='•=""'■"■">"'• "hlch .seem to

.■!17-(624) RED-EYED VIREO-Vir.o.ylv.ollv.c.a. See 1,11, 162, 49S.

(626) PHILADELPHIA VIREO-Vlreo.ylva phllad.lphic.-Ran-e-
Eastern North America from Labrador, northern Manitoba'^^ „orthe?;"on.

<>n?ral ImeSja"""^* "' ''°'"''- '" "'"■""''■" '"'''"'^"- '"'•■""^ ""
' v„Mi,'Y' WARBLING VIREO-Vlr.o.ylv. gllv. gllva-Range-Easiern
N-oa Scmt»"™wT '"""*'T"/P, Alberta, noShern °Manltoba Ontarfo a„3
., ,;,n, ,., '^'"' ™""' •" ' ""<^'' states. The song ot this species "

a rolling warble, longer than the Red-eyed Vlreo. and not so freauent v re

oTva'rietv" 'tT'' T" "" '"" T^ <" "'^' P-rple pfnch b^t rnn? o' f ,n
of lariely. The nest is suspended from fork of a shade tree Eggs are 4

Inches" ■■• "■""'■ """"■" """ """■" """ '•*WI»'> browntsize .?6 x 55
(628) VELLOW-THROATEO VIREO-Lanlvireo flavlfron.. See 16.1
N-„?,h"i°'-"^"^*'i^° VIREO-Lanl,lr.o .olit.riu. .olltariu.-Range
a^nd Tape Bre-o'n tf^7" ■*'b""»- '"Ul""" Mackenzie, south'?: Quebec
T„,.. Wand, southward to North Dakota; winters south to

Texas, summer resident in the Canadian zone. The song offhe SaJv
\,rec^i, „ore melodious than Ihat ot the "Red-eyed and YenowMhroat.

u

54

Wrils" "■*'^'* *"" '""''^^ WARBLER-Mnltilt. v.rl,.

S»

(637) PROTHONOTARY WARBLER— Prothonolaria cltr..-Tlil
.pwe, ,» ™„n„Hd In Ihe warmer por,lon» of ll,e oa°t"r„ I'nl.ed smt^8

England and New Brunawick. M. I.aunli. arr. In the swanipv for","" i),md
In hollow trees and In deBerliri Woodpecker and ('hlekadee Imlel i.. „„?
reaenihle, the rail of ,he Solltar, Sandpiper See S;5 "" °°"

Vn.,1"?' WORM-EATING WARBLER-Helmlth.rot v.rmivorui-nanse-
North Ain.nea. from northern Illinois, western Penn-.vlva„la lo«e? Sod

>U, no"t''„"on,aH,;"hrrd"k*""" ''" ' ""' "'"'"'"« '" P-"™-'.";- o"lda
II 19 not an Ontario bird. The sonc ■» very like that of the ChippInK Sparrow

(674) OVEN-BIRD— Seiurui aurocaplllul. See 166.

n.nie I **TER.THRUSH-Selurui noveborac.nil. noveboracen.l,-
Ranse -.Northern Ontario. Newfoundland to oenlral Ontario New YohT
Winters from Me.\lco. West Indie.s and nrltlsh (l,il-.„„ i. i
sumnuM- resident abont Ihe edges of'ponSs and sSps. and e' eT"JZ';

brdrofL^'s°%:i';r:-,o'V'".s'."o'r;,r""'"- ^-"»--""'™in"Src''k

^:;.:L7f.';!:^^^-a:^rfL^E!ii^!r^atJ^i,r;::;;rir!:=';^i
3S^^h^,'r^,l;:-i-^'=rxs;;^?/;;-^-^rihiS:S

df-nt in the coastal ciiBtricl. I.oriK Island and the Huds. ^^^'^'^^ resL

in Ontario.

dson valley. It is rare

speckled w,th Cinnamon, are 3 to 5 In number; ?l2e s"' x 50 See SU

See [IT ''**"^"-'-E WARBLER-V.r«ivora rubricaplll, rubrlcapll...
Seei"" ORANGE-CROWNEO WARBLER_V.rml.ora data data.

i

brown or p„r„lish. .1 lo 5 In nnmb^r; sl^e .70 x .53 See 516

.. ,'"*i„'^^''"'-"'^ WARBLER-Dendroica c.rulc. Fianc. -Somh

bl..e. ,p„,„.d ,vl,h reddish bro»„: "i'e 69 x 5-' See U" ' "''"""'''

iSipi^ii

(«71) PINE WAHBLER-0.n<iroica vigor.!. See 165
habit of-'teeterlhe" Its laH ""''"' ""' ^''"""''' "'"' " """"»■■

■" X .4S. The Praire Warble? i,Tm^- K '', '7 I '" " '" "'™ber; sizs
be inferred from l.» name, bu pre ersdrv IntZJ"'' *™'',","'"''- "» ™irtt
buBhes. See 519. prerers orj lullsideg. partleally covered with

8., JsII'b" V'"""^""" VVARBL«R_D.„dr.,c. p.n.y(v.„,c
:»0) BAY..REA8TED WARBLER_D.„dr.,„ „«.„.., s.e 16.1

Maine. II Is not «, Panm ib.lrv^rt «- P-abrador. southward to norther
»lth brown: .Iz. .72 x ..50 ' '" """"""'■• <■'■>■'"">■ »lill.. spott,.

158. sfr'"" •*'*'=''°'-IA WARBLER_D.„drolc. m.,„.,l,. See n,

(6.2) BLACKBURNIAN WARBLER-D.ndroic. fu.c.. S.. 164
S,„ <!$'* "'-^"■THROATED GREEN WARBLER-Dendrolc. vircn

(687, AMERICAN REDSTART-S.toph.„ .u.icHI.. s.. ,6^ 511

Nest on thp ground In a de^,,? ,»n,^ p "" '"''''"'• ""'•»•'«-<'. tee-wee-o.'
blotched witif ,„„ber'"a,^,'Jrns;''rwn'^fn''d uV ^J ^"4 TT'' ^^'""■
see [T "^"""^^"^ VELLOWTHROAT-Cothlypl. .rich., .rich...

r.ulf coast; winters south The' Chat fn„t^H,i-,Tr'"J ^"^ "^"'^ <"
but is conrined to thick covert, nf.hr.L ? ? "' """ '"^""' "oodland,
times found In .he llmL „7o,rv 1 aBe^anS .'mJ^ ?,' ''""■ . "- " "'""'■
to describe. It Is a great singer and ^n^.r. r„«i „ "^ '""^^ '" Impossible
and whistles. Eggs 3 0 "Tu, "th»e m ^' "°""' "' ""'»!"' """-gles
evenly spotted wiff ;eddlsh'iroT:a"nS'!:ve""d?;'' s'ize'.,^'? 7^"'',?r5n"'

easte'?n%h"r?,°k^,'?„„!rr,^e'r'n''MSa°,r" "r'?T''^-'''» Tom .o„,h-
nectlcut vallev, a,^d winters south Pre?i' "T'"' '"""■ ^'"■''' '»»•'■■• f<"l
one of the easiest to nndbe?nif,v,m„n."'f„"""""^ '°^""- "» ""' I--
an,l cou.struc.ed of drv leases stZ? „Th '°,,'''™ ,'"' ''""'■" 'I'" K™""''
Eggs. .■! to 5. white ground co?or »,i>Mert „ ''' T""" ="'" "■"■ wrasse.-
and lavender: size .74 " .?4 See Su! ""r^lf^i with reddish purplish

(686) WILSON'S WARBLER-WILonla pu.lll. p„.„„. g,e 168.

.12a- (678) CONNETICUT Warri bo ^
Manitoba and Ontario. Inhabits .fe?araar7ck'«wa™'„"s =""'—?'■'><■«» I"
song resembles the syllables '^eecher heeAf, i ^'' . "' "'"""ba. 'f»
of Ieav,.„, bark fibres grass rootlets and h^^"' ";""'■'• Nests are made
in the woods or amon'i ra pbe rvrne' ''Tgg, IrV^-hft^ "° 'tT "™"''
brown and neutral tints: size .75 i .,55 ''"'■ "PWk'ed "-Uli

TNe song resembles thatVlhe Maryland Venl"!?™'?'^; °' ^''■" ^''"■f'"!"-
..« of dead weed, and -ass.'lllTl^rtrfr,!rs!r 'of'^Tafk Yn'^r b^k'

?7

ainnng fernii, skunk cabbagf and mamh marlgoldx. wherp ttii' ground i» w#t
and springy. Eggx are white, speckled with reddish hrown; size .72 % 65
See 50ft.

31'7-(703) MOCKINGBIRO— Mlmui polyglottos polyjlotloa— Inhabits
southern United Stales, Ontario and Massachusetts. A wonderful song>«ter.
It is closel) related to the Brown Thrasher. Eggs, bluish green speckled
with brown: size 1.00 x .75. St< 534.

(704) CATBIRD— Ouinitilla carolinensls. See 172, 52S.

170!) BROWN THRASHER— To.oatom. rutum. See 17:i. .-.31.

328- (718) CAROLINA WREN— Thryothorui ludovlcianut ludovicianus
-The largest of our Wrens: Inhabits eastern United States, breeding from
southern Iowa, southern Pennsjlvanla and the lower Hudson lo the (iulf
States. In recent .vears It has enlarged Its territorv northward. Prefers
rocky glens and borders of streams. Its rail notes are varied, composed
of mttallic rattles and mu.sical trills. Its nest is concealed in old stumps
hollows in trees and crevices In rocks and buildings. Eggs. 4 to S white
spotted with l.-own and lavender; size .74 x .6(1. See .'>27.

(721) HOUSE WREN— Troglodyte! aedon aedon. See \n. 532.

1722) WINTER WREN— Nannut hiemaiia hiemalii. See 174, 533.

(724) SHORT-BILLED MARSH WREN— Cl.tothorua ateMari.- Inhabits
the austral zone of eastern North America from southern Saskatchewan
southern Ontario and southern Maine, to eastern Kansas. Missouri Indiana
and northern Delaware. It winters to the Oulf Slates. Prefers wet mea.
dows and borders of mat hes. Its nest Is placed close to the ground in a
dense bunch of grass. Eggs. 6 to S, pure white: size .62 x .45. See 52!)

(725) LONG-BILLED MARSH WREN— Telmatodytei paluatrli paluitrli
—Range— Eastern United States, southern Ontario, southern Quebec south
to coast of Virginia. A common species in Lakes Ontario and Erie and
-Niagara River, confined to the flooded marshes. Their jingling melodv la
a most cheering sound. Five to eight eggs, of a pale chocolate color- size
.64 X .4,-i. See 526.

(726) BROWN CREEPER-C.rthia famillarl. americ.na-This sub-
?!? , Innsbits eastern N'orth America. breedli«! from southern Manitoba.

central Ontario, southern Quebec and Newfoundland, southward Winters
from New lork lo Oulf coast. It is an abundant summer resident and
mi te lame^ The nest is composed of fine twigs, mosses and bark. Eggs.
«.. i. "i',^'' J™'"*'- speckled with cinnamon or reddish brown: size
1, .• ,; T "';''"" Creeper is one of the most valuable assistants of the

Lfk"'f tr^es. 'SeewS'537. '" '°°'' " ""'"■•">■ "' ""■'"' '»'"'" '""" ""

linenVl".: 's'e'I'nTm."".""''" ''"■^"A-^=H--.Si..a caroli car.-

-Si;?''c'.„Vd?nl".."seJ^,?,:'.^4l"*"'^"' °'' ''^■'■"'-'■'" NUTHATCH

norlIn''nJ'„7,';l"^? TITMOUSE-Ba.olophu, bleolor-Inhablts the warmer
?rd Net il^ , ".; I'nlted Slates, from Nebraska. Illinois. Pennsylvania
iands s s„ri'° Texas and the Oulf coast. Prefers groves and wood-
m,.. i„ .1 T^ somfwhat like the Chickadee's, but louder. Makes Its
nest In the deserted hole of a Woodpecker or in a hollow stump. Eggs 5
10 8. cream white, spotted with reddish brown: size 74 x 56 See ViS

5,S

r;:r!"T'-— '- "p

Si'i- 176.

- ' — -0W.„ K,.O..X- ,.,. _^.

... i'r.rf "— - H_H.„,;:: :.„. „„..

n oumam, „f f,,,,^^ "" """'l- and southward lo east^r^'

•waJnionl —

,„ „ - f'"'" mirih

niiiahiiD ..«j I. i lie

moumam, „f f,,,,^^ ^ ^-

r,..v ," ,''a""''l«n zone. Thi
Gi'->ili^ek,.,l Thrash. I,.

s~ «-=.;-'aii'iH'?s'5S'>=S'i^

< 'o 6 in number. grpp„|'Bh\lup'

'■''"'''" "'°"'~-'"-''""-. m>.-.or,„. „„„,„

in color;

■'"■• SfP 186. 549.

'"-'^y'^^^^'mf ^:^;^,."'"'1!/VL»I1,.;;- ■■ -.-d

ilinpoMitlcin. nifllciw Klli-H I

<-m oiil.v r.-,r..t ihat ii hn, not th

■llallly ur Ih.. Hublii. Sc.. is; -,44

■■■■■■^- (31) BRUNNICH MURRE-Url. lom,,.. s. ,

■■■■■■' (3, HORNED OHEBE-Coly^b „„, «„.

".i; (23) MARILEO MURREIs-r • ,.
H«ni!.. .N„r,l, Pu,,,,, cou.,"br""h:T;r,n'*v- ""*"""'"• ""moratut-

iTO'vi.lsl, gr,.> „„(! whitp. " "'">■ """"ipuri,- „,„rl l „itb

■•'! (34) DOVEKIE-AII. .11.. «„. ..,,
■■!37- (7) LOON_G.vl, l„„,r. «..,. ■■■■^,
- :i;i|._(i2) TUFTED PurriM i j

umn», lU„g,. -|.„X ™." >om "vta»\ '''■'•^"'•-Tl'» large,, „, ,t,
furnla. bruidlLg lucallv Ihruuiunf , " "omhward t„ »,ii,i|,prn Call"

» 1 .-, ,.,■ Ml,. l,„ff, „nbout Bias/ Vh,v ,,"',«■ ^ '■"'■''"■ f'""" "f P"r«
''"" """■kli.B- of a .lull puriK color ^ """" '""" '""•"'J P-roLpilbl,.

-'■■ (6, PIED-BPLLEO OREBE-PodHy^bu. podlc.p.. s.e 4 -.-
34C-,40, K.TT,WAKE_Ri... .HdaCyl.. Sec •..■•
^^""(64, CASPIAN TERN-8..r„, c.p,.. s,.. ,,4

». :..^f' '"' «•■*" TERN_HydrocH.nd.„ „, „.„,„.,^ ^^^

21" (125) WHITE PELICAN B.,

"'" °' '"'• '"""•I'' '< proceed, to ;w;ilow;,'"1.a';'c'b ""'*■'■ '° "•"" ""' """«
«ee i;.^..!'-' OOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORAN r-Pba„„a„.. ,„..„..

^■o-^"'i!:v.^;'"i^z':^gg^' '''"--■ --"

=« (eo, BONAPARTE'S OULL-L,.„.pb,l.d.lph,a. See 7 , ,„
-H, -(54) RING-BILLED 0111 1 1 »" ■ . 8. 232.

ns „n. ^ GULL-Laru. delavaren,!.. gee ni

"IS -(70) COMMON TERN «... ...

T'"N— Sterna hirundo. See '3.1
■<'— (132) MALLARD DUCK «...

--.13. oREEN-wiNOED -ricrr^T "^ "'■ ''■ '''■

Nettlon carolmenae. See 20, 239.

I

"1 (HO) MO-tRtAtTIO MIROANIM-*,™

Wl' (1«, WOOD OUCK A, ""*"•"-""•'•• "-•'•'•'• 8« 231.

'"''< <t>1) HOOOIO MIHQAluaaa .

« (.33, .LACK OUCK-A ,„p., «,, ,, ,„ ,

■'^'" "«' "'NTA.L-O.,,,. ..„,.. «..., ,, .,, ,^, "• ■''

'" '""' ""HEAo- „„. ;^^;; ;,^„ „,

:" "-" '=*'-^*»--ACK-M.r „.„.„.. s.;.; ;'•.,..,

r""' .uprL..„.Ao-cH....„.... .„„,.. « ■; ■;:-„^

--<.«>.«.„.cAupoucK- „,...:;■■"■

3,;: ''"'"'"■"^"— '-— j.....n.,.. s..,. „ ,,

.m.ri..„;. si "*i-,°„:''*'^* OUCK-AMBRICAN W.DOEON-M.r.e.

■■'- -.20,, OR«N HERON-Bu..rM..v.„„„.. «.. M.
369_(190) AMERICAN BITTERN R. .

n.frcil,„, siaurt.er to wh" it hi, 'h?,'" «"<'l''l«iln..- Owing ,„ ,,,„

't. 8e« S37.

61
(ran. and rubbl.h, rru„, „„„ ,„ . ,

.17«^ ,«„, HtRON-Ard.. h.r«dl.,.

. 2«0,

f eartii, 1

•■'7«-(J00) LtTTL. .. ... — ntroai... H,... c. 2«

"^:;:;:::nir::r-^::-r"--"«»

•■'"^' <«•. K.NO RAIL *;°"-"-"">'" «''"IT. .S.e :.«,,,„

^s°S' i!J?r^'^'^""""'^4;:;;:'r:;-r ■■ «"" ^

•'"*••>■ -«18) PURPLE GALLINUl c .

« -.3, spoTTEo :* OP p";;::::" '-*-""- - -

(228) WOOOCOCK-Phll.h.,. „,„.,. g„ 53 ,..
''■'-^ <^30. W,L80N SN,PE-G.„,„... ,.„;, 'V ,
I "—.ISliictr--- SANOPPPER, OR UPLA.0 ^LOVER-
' '"l -(255) LESSER YELLOW LEQi_T .

„^ f---r25a., WESTERN WILL. J ^" "*'""■■ *"■" -'«-

1

:i^':i (»77) PIPINO PLOVin-AtaKIIII. mtlMla. a.., 0!..
J!>« IH4) LONO.IILLID CUPLtW-Num.nlui .m«rlMnu«. H.- ;il3.
65. «"»""' ■'•*C'<»«'-Liro PLOV«P_tqu.t.„l, «,u.t.r.l,. K..„

T3. 2«»' '"" '*•»•'«""' "lOION-IcWpllW. ml,«t.rli,.. S., 72.

H . m fiilor. Kniintlm.n ►..:,.., I- i,„^Pkliil «hh brown,

nM (3M) *IHnf. : >.LtO PTAPMIOAN-L.joput l.ucurui Th»

l<ll . ' ' " """•'"■" '•""■»■ ■"■'■ r^marka in that ih-y ar.. In an

alm..«. ■■nnllniinl .lai,. „f moilllln,. n.nrly rv,ry nionlh In th.. v^ar ihow.

Ind in"". I ,1 r h"T V"lr "' """""'"' ■^'"■>- """ "■»'l>''-.<l in Ih. toe.,
nnU „, ^ 7k " '";'••»"'•■" «'•"«■ •" il™»- and halMlk.. Ilial Ihey not
mil, nr,„..<.| itir loH. mm ih.' .-nld. hm mak. H,r..|len. .no..lio..H. enabling
.»n I ? i" «»1X • "»llv ..yfr lb,. llBhI.-l .„.,„. Tho Wbll-Talled Plarm*

See ■•Sr ""* ■"""<«^ VULTURI-C.th.rt« .„,. ..p,.„,rlonin..
BeeKTS.'i's """""'"O OOVE-Z.n.dldur. m.crour. c.roMn.n.l..

401 (30Sb| PRAIRIE SHARP-TAILM QROUSE— PtdlOtMtM ihail-
Er»n Vh^JXr ;'% ^"' "■?'.""■ '" "•" aX'-'P ••"'•'I n",„Ke and ih* CoV" .

with brown "' ""■ " '"''"' ''"'°''' '■"''>■ ■'"■""'■IV -P-okled

40; (JM) PRAIRIE HEN— Tymj uchut cupldo-Tho Prairie Hen
or Pinnated n,n„8e. of wblch .be HeMb Hen I, the Allan.lr coart reor?:
K-h Hen "" "" ""■ "■""""•" '''■■""■' " '" -ll«h<'y '«'/•■" than "h^

403- (2M) BOB.WHITE— Collnu. .Irglnianui. See 70. 266.
,1,. .1p* '"J'l.*l'-° TURKEY-Meleagri, B.|lop.,o .llvMtrit- Re.emble,
forehead la le« developed. Yearly beInK confined to a amaller ran,"
chiefly becanae of the de,truetlon of their natural covers, and becaiiM ^f
the proellvllles of bnntfTa. They are uauallv very warv iiirrt. .„? lifi,?.
escape by running throuRb the underS \r E^- ;'^«''':t„ a^b^'l"
betng^appear,. Neat, are found under tangled ^growrh", of ^nderZ'E

n I."' V '^5' MEARNS QUAIL-Cyrtony, montMuma. mt.rn.l-Oflen
called the 'Fool Quail.- because of It. eccentric and clown" marklna.
atreak, and spot, of black, white, huff, grey and cheatnut also b^caus"",
l^L^^Z'l^' ""'"l^l'y- " "--qLcnt, acrubby wooded picerratbertha"
open hillside, and Is yery ea.y to approach and kill. I°a nest I, a holl "'
Ir... 'il"""- ""'■''»•"•' '"""' '"i concealed by overhanglug tuf°, or

4116- (337) RED-TAILED HAWK-Buteo borMll, borea!!.. Sec :63.

:;: -ZlZT"~""" "''''' — r

.,1"' f»IO) SPARROW MAWK_r.|.

11"
III
41:

'"'IMAR.HH.WK-C, ,„.. ,.,„.,

(3*3) ■ROAOWINOto HAWK ■ •

(J2?l 8WALLOW.T... P"ypMrui. s.,. ,:■

..,.-.-" "O-.HOU.OM.o HAWK-.„.„ „ „..,^.

■"'• !'"■) HAWK OWL— «„,„. , ,

8..-V(, "' ""AT HORN.O OWL-«„.. .,,„„.„

" "'"«l'"«''ui virjinl.nui.

'" '"" «=""<=" OWL-o,„. ..,. ..„, „.,. .^„

ii»

<3«») BARN OWL-Aluco pr.„„c„,.. „,

~..vu pniincola. Si.,. •.;., ,„-

"^nul.JJh, !,,/,"" •"■ '■..mill, r"™Knu"i"E' •^f*"''' '■■"■" «nj mln-r

"' rratrji- noR;* and

-«--"' ■*^'' ^*°"-" -p „„,

'-^ '"'> SHORT.EARED OWL-A.,„ „. *■''■■■"'

,.,--. «<.B...„ wooop.cK„_c„..:2:r ,^^

■rf ..... a, any hel»h, m>™ ihe.rm.'nd' ThTr.',":

64

fornia Wooiipeoktr ha« ttip habft of storing food tor future use developed
to a (trtaiir extent than any other of the tamlly. Soraetimes completely
honeycombs the ejterlor iurtace of decayed trees with holes designed to
hold acorns.

See 'if^s'"^" OOWNY WOODPECKER— Dryob.tfi pubeaceni tnedlanua.
4:'li -(4I2«) FLICKER— Colaptet auratua luteut. See IIU. JSU.

4211- (402) YELLOW-BELLIED 8AP8UCKER— Sphyraplcua variua
vanua. See Kit, ins. e / e

l-lii (397) NUTTALL'S WOODPECKER- Dryobatea nuttalll-Hanae-
I acitie coast, from OreRon, south to l.o«er Califortiia. Nests in holes in
trees, either m dead stumps or In groviing trees, and at anv height above
the groiind. Deposits its while, glossy tggs upon the bottom of the cavity
•luring April and Ma;.. '

caniJa" stt^-W^""^^'^"^" WOODPECKER- Picoidea atnerlcanua ameri.

43i-(405a) NORTHERN PILEATED WOODPECKER— Phloeotoinul
pileatua ableticola. See lot). 2S!i.

lo.'i •.'""'*"' *''""'''00''WILL— Antroatomua vociferua «ocif«rui. See
1.6 -"4^ '^'** BLACK.BILLED CUCKOO-Coccyiu. erythropthalmua. See

3

,1, :'.?'r'"^', '»,0*R;''UN,JER-Geococcyx califorr,lanua Kno.«n also as
1„V r.1 .il""M™ . """.: ■■"'■""'">' •■iickoo," "Snakeliiller," etc. Most abund-
ant on the Mex.can border. Noted for Its swiftness on foot, paddling over
Inr fn",""? "'i,,"? ''»"'"-'*l'l°K ""-■ 'Id"-" by its outstretched wings and
hefn^ nlJ ■ "i"';^'' ^" '' ?' ■'oPlan-'S. f'-ed" on Haards and small snakes,
being particularly savage In its iittacks upon the latter.

swlft'^ri"",', C^'WNEY SWIFT-Chaetur. p.lagica-The Chimney
S» ft or Swallow, as It Is commonly called. Is never seen perching on Trees
or telegraph wlr«, but may be espied on the wing at all hours of the day
espeeuilly abtindant In the early morning and towards dusk May bi
ZTil" u' "" f """I "«>•>■ oolorallon and the rapid wheefing or rHcker'
Al 'i alternating with occasional soaring. Range--Norlh America east

w nteHn?;rf-,.''T'""''K"T """/.'■'" '■»"'"" "■"'"■"> the Gntfcoa-?, and
wintering south of our borders Very abundant in all portions of Its rknge,

4S7-(390) BELTED KINGFISHER— Ceryl. alycon. See S7, 2S4.
See WeHlS?" -"JBY-THROATED HUMMINOBIRD-Arcbilochu." c.lubrl..

4;W-(420) NIGHTHAWK-Chord.ile. .irgini.nu, ,irgi„l.„„.. See 2ail.

440- (382) CAROLINA PAROQUET-Conuropai, carolinen.i.-Owlne
to its wanton slaughter by plumage hunters, bird catchers frTteroir?

portion of Its range: now restricted to a few localities in PloiHda wh/™ l?
IS found in almost uninhabitable swamps and thickets. '^'°"'"'- *''"<' "

C.J" ,i^>II,^^'-'-°W=.LLED CUCKOO-Coccyzu. ...ericanu. am.ri-

fl'iniP or «ii|„wi, ' ri '""'^'"« "» nest at"a"]V,u"","*' '" '"Ifkela and Inl
c™.cl,es. * ""- --"o'l-t., woven and rirmfy f""" "'""'■''■Plan?

*■ ''■""^'^' <"• any avairablH tra7h. ' "" "•""

<^«-(443| SC,«„ ■■—"«.».«„.. Seen,,. ,,,4

Known aNrl,^';,'*«°''-TAILED FLVCATrMr-

-- HSS. PHo J_ta :'"""• ''""""•■ ^"■■-•-
4«-(454, ^''"'™" PHoeb.. See 10,, 293

«5». foi,r„r rive rnn,:r,r": ""'"''■ ""'ural,?' ■';":.. ?»^ ?'•'">' ",

449^,

The eggs, ,„,,,„ l^l™ In ree«,el,l,er„a,ura|,:''^ «»'' '""tl. o5

"•- M-,can Cre„ed P,;„"aS'"- ^"""°' "-" "'■^'■^"n 'Led'' r^",';-''-"-

„, Emp,don« fla,i„„.

«- .47,, BLUE ..;!;'/'" """••""■ ^- "»
-'«- (4.4. HOR.« ^T,^"™" """""■ «« »0. 30,

(36

4S7 (478b) LONG-CRESTED JAY— Cy«noci«« •Mllerl di»dem«ll—
Range-Soulhern Rockj- Mountains tron, Arizona to Wyoinlnl!. There 1»
no general different.- b.lween the eggs of the l-ong-erested Jay and those
o( the Stell^-r Jay. The nests of each are also constructed similarly and In
like situations.

45«~ (488) C ROW— Corvua brachyrhynchoi brachyrhynchoi. See
116. 298.

459 (484) CANADA JAY— Periioreui c«nad«nilt canadenait. See 297.

4(i(i (491) CLARKE'S NUTCRACKER— Nucifraga Columbiana— Often
called the Clarke Crow. Hance Mountains of western North -^nierica
from Mexico to Alaska. A common resident in tnost of lis range. Its food
consists of anything edible, from se.ds and larvae in wlllter. to nsects
berries, eggs and young birds at other seasons. In the spring It 'f tTf » '»
the tops of ranges, nearly to the limit of trees, where It huilds Ita large
nesi of sticks, twigs, weeds, strips of bark and fibres matted together, so
as to form a soft, round ball, with deeply cupped Interior.

41il - (509) ORCHARD ORIOLE— Icterus ipuriua. See 301.

462— (498) RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD— Agelaiua phoenlceus phoeni-
ceul. See 118, 119, 299.

463— (503) AUDUBON'S ORIOLE— Icterua melanocephalut auduboni—
Range-Mexico and the l-ower Itio Grande Valley in Texas. Builds at a
low elevation in trees, preferably mestiuites. making its nest ot wo»eu
grasses and hanging it from small twigs ot the trees. The nest l« ">■"«►
what like that of (he Orchard Oriole; not long and pensile like that ot
the Baltimore Oriole. Eggs, greyish white, blotched, clouded, spotted or
streaked with brownish and purple.

464-

--(501) MEADOWLARK— Sturnella magna magna. See 12(1. 301.

46.'>— (511b) BRONZED CRACKLE— Qulicalul quiieala aeneui. See
122. 3011.

466— (494) BOBOLINK— Dolichonyx oryalvoroui. See 116. 299.

467- (S09) RUSTY BLACKBIRD. OR GRACKLE— Euphagua carollnua.
See 299.

468— (507) BALTIMORE ORIOLE— Icterus galbula. Sc« 121, 301,

469— (495) COWBIRt>— Molothrus ater ater. See 117. 300.

47(t— (497) YELLOW-HEADED BLACKBIRD — Xanthuephalus xantho-
cephalus—lnbabits western North America, breeding from the southern
parts of the Cnited States, north to British Columbia and Hudson's Bay.
and wintering from the southern Tnlted States downward. Very abundant
in some parts of the west, where it nests in large colonies in sloughs and
marshes- especially abundant In the Dakotas and Manitoba. Accidental in
Ontario and Qttebec. Makes its nest of strips of rushes, skilfully woven
tegether and attached to upright cane near the surface ot the water. Bggs.
greyish white ground color, finely speckled and spotted with shades ot
brown and grey.

471— (5«0) CHIPPING SPARROW— SplMlla pasaerina paM«rlna.
See 309.

472- (540) VESPER SPARROW— Bay Wing— Pooecetea graminrua
gramincfi. See 134.

b7

...::!:,:'Z%,r^'"*'^ sparrow _ p....„„,„. „„,„,

4V4-(S8„ SONG 8PARROW-M.,o.p,„ „.,„„ „.,„„. ,^^ ^^^ ,
-<«3, P„.o ,PARROW-Sp..,„ p„.,„. ,„.„„. ,„.,;:'■
-(«4, SWAMP SPARROW-M.,o.p,„ .„.,,.„.. ,^^ ,„■ ;;:'
l.ucoJ^ryiTem,'lo's-"'°'"~" SPARROW-Z,„o.richi. „ucopHry.

Past, and from Manl.oba to t"x8, u^n/r. i Jl°",'"' """ ™»"allv farther
very weicorae In its rangj wh™ it u , „[, '"k"''?''=°- * »"«' singer ana

rift S"^:" °" "■" «™''"-' '» '"e m ds o ojTd""'. T"' ■""" ''•"■"

tuft of grass; sometimes In bushes or even ,J " " "-'"mp of weeds or
oMef,,. ahon, the ,ar«e end with ^t^Z^'ZZ'ur..J'Z-.;T """^^

Ou.for:viSliornrh"1°K?rs'''°;;rerr,' =''"-'-'"" '™". .-e
•Inters In tropical America «-i,i,„w" ""nm" and .North Carolina

American birds. .VltkeTMs borne a, ^''r.l!"'''"' i."".'"'"' ^""Sy of Norfb

.treds'Tbar„'""''"'°"«">- '■■ b«,;ches''of "'a7l Tr^lT^r^ " '"'•'»'" => '»w
«nreds of bark, grasses, etc., lined with f- , ^""^ "''■'" 's of weeds

iii^:5 i^-s^ar ^'^e"^„d££T J^'^-^-- --

^« a cage bird, bnt n.ore for it's tfgr'e-olorTng^-hrr lit -S'^bi^,?;

481--,598, INDIGO BUNT,NG-P,...r,„a cyan.,, gee ,44 n-
.42.!,",r'"" -OWHEE-Pipilo ery..rop...,„„. .ry.br„p.H,;„;.. ,,,

«lna.a-;'5^?,'7„1^^'"~° GROSBEAK-H..p.ripl.o p,r.i p...

.Seer4=3-,',r' ""^^BREASTEO GROSBEAK-Zatnetodia iud.vician..

4S6-,5,3, CARDINAL-Cardinali. c.rdinali. card! .See ,„

4«7-,„7, BLUE GROSBEAK-Gulrac. ca.r„,„. See n^
Seer."r,!,f:;„4,*?,= ^i?*'' °°'-Dr,NCH-A..r...,i„„. .ri..|. ,„.„,
13., St'"" SLATE.COLORE0 .UNCO_„„„ Hye.ali. Hy..,„, «,.
"0-,533) P.NE 8ISKIN-8.pi„„. p,™.. .,,, ,„,
"l-(52„ CROSSBILL-Loxi. corvircr. „,„„, Se. 3..,.

(517) PURPLE FINCH — Carpodacut purpureua purpuraua. See

68

«»:'— (537) SMITH'S LONOSPUR— Calcarlui pictua— Range— Breeda
in HudHon's Bay and Mackenzie Kiver dlatricls. wintering south to Texas,
cniefly ?n tile Plains. Very common on the prairies in the central United
States In winter. Builds its nettt, a Kcantily made structure* of grasses, on
the gruuiid.

4»:l — (534) SNOWFLAKE— SNOW BUNTING— Plactrophanax nivalis
nlvalia — A wholly l)eneficlal species because of its destruction of weed
Heeds. Feeds entirely on the ground; hardly ever observed to alight on
trees. See 133, 3(16.

4114-
127, 302.

495 -(528) REOPOLI Acanthia linarla linaria. See 129, 304.

496— (515) PINE GROSBEAK— Pinicola anucleator leucura. See 124,
12.i. 126, 302.

4»7--(604) DICKCISSEL— Splza a.Ticrlcana— Brevds In the Mississippi
Valley from Minnesota and Wisconsin south (o Texas. Winters in Central
and South America. The DicltcisBei, or Black-throated Bunting, is very
ccmmon In dry. biish-^rown pastures and on the prairies. A persistent
singer, and its song, ''ough simple, is very welcome on hot days when
other birds are quiet. Eggs, pale blue, without spots,

4',iK— (624) RED-EVED VIREO— Vireosylva ollvacea. See Ul. 1,52, 317.

4»9— (631) WHITE-EYED VIREO— Vireo griaeua griaaua. See 317.

500— (619) CEDAR WAXWING— CHERRY BIRO— Bombycllla cedro-
rum, Sf*- 14l>, 315. 554.

501— (608) SCARLET TANAGER—Plranga erythromelas. See 145,313

502— (611) PURPLE MARTIN— Progne aubis aubia. See 314,

503— (613) BARN SWALLOW— HIrundo erythrogaatra. See 146, 314.

504— (622) LOGGERHEAD SHRIKE— Lanlua iudoviclanua ludovlclanua
— Range — United States, east of the Plains, breeding north to Ne-w Eng-
land and Illinois; winters In southern States. Makes its home in hedges
or thickly tangled brush, showing a predilection for dense thorn bushes.
Nest, a pile of weeds, grasses, feathers and rubbish.

505— (618) BOHEMIAN WAXWING— Bombycllla garrula. See 315.

506— (614) TREE SWALLOW— WHITE-BREASTED SWALLOW—
Irldopt-ocne bicolor. See 147, 314.

.507^629) ''LUE-HEADEO VIREO— Lanivli-eo aolltarlua •olltarlus.

See 317.

50fl— (679) MOURNING WARBLER— Oporot-nia Philadelphia. See 326.

509- (648) PARULA WARBLER— Compaothlypla atnerlcana amarl-
cans. See 320.

510 -(684) HOODED WARBLER— Wllaonia citrlna. See 324.

611— (687) AMERICAN REDSTART— Salophaga rutlcllla. See 169.323

512~(654) BLACK-THROATED BLUE WARBLER — Dandroica
caeruleacens caerulaacens. See 160, 320.

69
S«.Mr""' >^='-'-°W-BREA6TED CHAT_,c...,. ., ,.„..

S.AW*'" °«"-"'*.W,NGED WARBLER-Vr^ivor. chr,..p,.r..

168,l23~<"" M*ONOL,A WARBLER-D.ndroic „,.. Se. 158,

a6-(.55, MVRTLE WARBLER-D.ndr.ic. .,r.„.u. ««■ 3.0

we»...r„ United Staler; „„, „„ ,h ° Pacnc coas? "''"' '''''""°' •" ">«

155. "ti"" "■*'='* *'^'' '^"'TE WARBLER_Mn,o.n.. ..n.. «,.
519-(.73, PRAIR.E WARBLER_0.„dr.,c, di.c.,or. See ,-n
52.^(.58, CERULEAN WARBLER-D.„<,™ic, c.ru,... sJe 32,,

-<.7„ LOUISIANA WATER.THRU8H-,.,„.„. „„.„„.. ,,,3,,
5^^-(674, OVEN B,RD-S.iuru. =uroc.pn,„.. gee 166 31S

524^,652, YELLOW WARBLER-D.„dro,c, ....I ,„.. «., ,„,

SeeS^r*"" ""OTHONOTARV WARBLER-Pro.honoUri, d.r...
P.lu«rl7"|ei 3^<""=-«"-'-" MARSH WREN-T.,„.,ody... p„„.,H.
See «8~'"" «=*''0'-.NA WREN-Thryo.horu. ,udovlci,„„. ,ud.vicl,„„..

3;8-(704) CATBIRD-Oumet.ll. c.roll„,„.i,. gee IT- 3■,^
S.e3ir""' SHORT-BILLED MARSH HEN-Ci..o.h,r;. ...,„.,..

.he fat;e}''u„"d'*'i";.! *o"'t"rTI;e?„°"irn„'„' ''•"'=''; "«"'«'" -'nhaW,,
Cfniral Pennsylvania to Arkanaa.nLh ■..'""""■'"" -"I'^Mltan and

Alabama. Has ooenrred in Ontar o Vest, m T,"'"j"" "" ''■""■'"
fenre.«. bird boxes, tin cans etc filhn, fh '"''"' '" '"■"^- ""mips.

EkRb. speckled and "s",1 K I'^ea 'm 'S^,";"'' ,«''h Brass and rootlets:
brown and purplish. ' "'^'""•^" """'" 'he large end with reddish

r.:n-(706, brown THRASHER-ToxCom. ru,um. s.e ,7., V7
53:-(72„ HOUSE WREN-Tr.„ody,.. „d.„ ..don. See ,T5 VX
=S3-(;22, WINTER WREN-N,nnu. hi.m.li. ni.m,,, s„ ,,, „,
5.^4 (703, MOCK,NGB,RD-«,m„. p.,y„„,„. p„,,„„.,„.. ,^^ ^,^

border\f^'?JN-;(,^?S{;'-?rtrto''f-sr'"'r'''-«''"'''' -■«-'<■»"

Chaparral brush, locally throtSt its °r.„ge.° T, i^r^e'^^l^bS""',. '"

marie

low

iiiHl ivet'ds, jtiifrly lined wiili fur and ffailuTa, 1j* found lu
'Ifvatioiis from tlif Knnind. Kkks. tlirff to n\x; pale Kfeen-

lull l)lue, spfckled and dotted with reddi.sh ht*)

r>:tti (727) WHITE-BREASTED NUTHATCH— Sitta carohnentti caro-

linaniti. See 17!«. is:*, [i->^.

."i::? (726) BROWN CREEPER— Certhia familiafii americana. Hee

.VIS (73t) TUFTED TITMOUSE— Baeoiophui bicolor. See ;;jy.

::><• (748) GOLOENCROWNED KINGLET— Regulua tatrapa satrapa.

r.4:!

181. SL'f*

(735) CHICKADEE— Pentheitei atricapiilus atricapiilut. See

(749) RUBVCROWNED KINGLET— Regulus calendula calendula.
, ITS. n:{o

(751 ) BLUEGREV GNATCATCHER— Polioptila caerulea. caerulea
(728) RED-BREASTED NUTHATCH— Sitta canadenil*. See

r>44 (766) BLUEBIRD— Sialia aia'i* aialia. See isT. 11:12

-.4.- (756) VEERY — WILSON THRUSH — Hylocichia fuicetcent
fusceacene The newt c.( tlu- Veery. or Wilson Thrush, is plared on or near
'he ground, in the midst of a clump of ferns or low shrubbery, and is con-
ttrurred of woven bark strips, grasses, etc. Heiween Ihe lining and out-
side of the nest is usually a taver of nnid or well rotted wood. See i;in.
isr,. :!;ii.

546 (758a) OLIVE-BACKED THRUSH— Hylocichia ustulata awain-
lonl. See 3:11.

r>47 (768) MOUNTAIN BLUEBIRD— Sialia currucoidee— KanRf -
llcc'ky Mountain reRion. breedinp from New Mexico north to Clreat Slave
l.^ke; winters in southwealern I'nited States and Mcxlro. t'ommon In the
ureater part of its range, and found west to the Sierra Nevada.-* In Cali-
fornia. Like the eastern Bluebird, nests in holes In treea. or wherever it
can find a suitable cavity or crevice. Its eR^s are slightly larger than
those of the other Hluebirds. and havF a slightly greenish tint.

54S (755) WOOD THRUSH— Hylocichia mustelina. See .131.

."49 (761) ROBIN— Planeaticua migratoriue migratorlua. See ISfi. 33:!.

551)^ (701) DIPPER— WATER OUZEL— Cinclut mexicanua unicoloi^

Hang ■- Mountains of western North America from Alaska to fpntral
America Preqiunis sides of mountain streams, where it feeds on aquatic
Ins.'cis and small f'sh. Although the Dipper is not equipped with webbed
feet, it swims on or under the water with the greatest ease and rapidity,
URing its wings as paddles. Has a Thrush-Uke bill and the teetering habits
cf the Sandplpi^r. Mak^s its nest, a round structure of green moss, lined
with fine grass, and with an entrance on the side, among the rocks, along
the banks of swiftly flowing streams and sometimes beneath falls.

nil- (765) WHEATEAR— Saxicola oenanthe oenanthe— Casual in
Alaska in summer. Makes its rude nest of weeds, moss or grasses, lined
with hair or feathers. Rggs, pale greenish blue. See Iftl.

71

Alu.ka l„ ih,. Colorado lllv"r frl.Zmr fll. , ' "'"'"" "■""' »o"thern
'«•"■■ Ne-.« al low H "v„ o7»'|,m r« ,L ,^haM*„ ■f"""" '" ""■ »'"'"
"po.l.d »lih dark brown f-r-fnl.!, blue, sharply but sparingly

.•.M-,759b) HERMIT THRuSH-Myl.clchP. ,„„.,. p.„„, g,... ,3,
Mil. ttrm" '"' """= "="*» WAXW.NO-Bon.byclll. c.drorum. See
fir,6~ NEST OF KING RAIL_R.II„, „„.„,. g,.^ .,„ 3^,,
B58^NE8T OF LEAST BITTERN-lxobrychu. „l|i.. s.e 46 ■•,. .73
...^7- NEST OF REDHEAD-M.rll. .m.ric.n.. s.e -6 ■^^■■ ■•;«

(171 V^.p,.r Sparrow ,18 Gr<^°?alle^rrri;i "«' '■"IPPing Sparrow.

Wil Baltimore oriole. 2 1 (™ha?d Orhnf r:.., "^,' "'""'>■•' ""'^'■le.

RedwInBed niaokblrd. i'mV line lav ^"t' ..," "r"""" '•"''''■ <-^>

Wood Pewce. ' "' ■''">■ '-''l I'ralrle Horned Lark. ,;6)

(31 N;u.hawr',"?ro»"°v'Redh;:L''v^™i'^''''- ■-' x'"" «-<"■

Partridge. (131 Bob-white "'"^> Vulture. ,12, Garable'f

S.n.f„";er",'^rK,rn„'d°°f-;i; Kr,;TRan"",''-","'r- '^•' ''""^'""'"'

h;x";;,i.'-' «""'> ^-- -' «---n M:'rre.'''',«rsVer- ,;;■

^''-ntn^X.Xr^lT^^'' =°'-°''"'CH-A..r.,.ll„u. .r,..,. ,rl..l..
2.-,.rf7]r''"^ "^ •^'■°'"''* °*l-L.NULE-G.Mi„u,. ,.l..,.. See 50.
it^f.mr""'' "^ '*""°~ PHALAROPE-S....„opu. .rlc.lor. See
,,e4-NEST OF SHOVELLER 0UCK-8p.,u,. c,yp..t.. Se, ■ . ■;,

^^S.-:'^^;:ii.^-!^-^^^rrt^^^^io.^-d^=ri^'

n.tl?e'''„r''M°e'ifctf e^^fo^^ini^^n^fn ,:*'"'°J-*'"«- »"'''<-*
River Feeds on n.anRoe" and mn° Make, r""*"" ''?""°= "' '- C".2
in hollow trees. •^"'"^' "<' "<■»'■ deposltlns; li» eEgs

AmeHja^nd"Xa^"fvr°,",7K"or r°„e°lf"7'* "'""' "' Southern

ravines, where It traverses' he ground with m^\'"'"''',11' '""■ '"•''■P- '"""•re

powerful and welLdeveloped lee °Verv=h /""''''"■ ''^^ """'"■' <>' '"

I n legs. \erj shy and retiring. These birds

r^r':;;j riHSS^S'-^ ^^- - -- - 1=-

upward, nf t.-r,rv"TnlC?h and? '"'*'■''',""?■ '"'l'"- ■^''- '"" '" "'"■"
June and -Sep e,„Ler t h. Ihpn Ih "/"" " " "'""•'" "'■"">• '"■' ""•''•

form ,he prlno.pil";ar, ;?' be bIrivZd"'"' ''■'""»■''- »"" o-l-nP-ra.

3«9 SKYLARK— Al.ud. irvinaii See

ISd. I'M.

Mol Mol l» found in lilonmvf,^,,. "I""'"'' 'nsecls and fruits. The
Ihe under, ooNe,'," p aeed „ ,lt"'ln"l""'; " ""„»l""*»' """lonle... on
.>e»i8 piaeed in ,.le» In banks, usually aiunii »aler-courHes.

71

NIGHTINGALE-Uu.cini, m.j.rhynch.. See 206.

Afri"',;r°'„*e^am°l;'-"i7^°:,"'" '"■»'"— -^ native T „„r,he„„ern
rollInK or ,ur,,i;;'/o'-''e"-,n i r lin ni;""a?,Mnb[:r''pf"""'' "',"" """" "<

prlnelpally on frul.s, but also SSeJis f.h »,,'"''""''''' T"""^"" '''«''«
sTIkln. eontras, ,„ It, ea,..! «"ra'cefuf^f?i.^',"l, ^ .XarT'llLpS .a!t°

An,erlc„. A sreat fat,rl,e no, \™ oVlts snlelTrt' "r.r" '" '=,"'""'«' »»"

l^™n^on,!:z.^;v;,. :'^iS:f;;t;[l^i;fr S"^^r-^^» "»■■ "'■-"

lar.e ,,uan,,,,e's Of .ras,h"op'„er^iun^oee, ef^a't^pUtafrld'w''''';™'';"
hBKs. b„:r or greenish buff color, unmarked. »eed seeds.

ofBril ai II cimhli .riibie dlmanr.. ihi , ' '"'■ """nam mu, lan iZ

- h.r.h, jriiMiiK. .-rldiiTir'Kd '^ rrv" wJi"':'?" ""'"'' "-""'.Im "3 by

lall In lyri' shaiied, and

-ran, ,„,, ,„.«, In p,",p,^; „'„ .'^ u':''',?''"'':'"' ""•"• """ l'» ' " ih . Z

. rd h,.|nK v,.ry »i'ldnii, ,.1.. .'b.^^l^ '\"°''''' "' A"«lrnlla 1, I, „n inla^

vh;';;:'-;, f r"'- "' ""»» p^akr r '; -^ ';'n;«in ra„g.» a„d Ml,. ™.,r'

wDprf II fcttjK upon enisn s..ort« til . ronrtii.'B(( for ih.. Kraini«n.i,.

long, only i„ the male bird T n. h r l i, "■""' ' "mi-. ThI, «nni be"
«» an Inliabllanl „r „„,. „viarl,'i. "' '""'" I'"!"" '"I In v-i-

'ill riMiiibf'rs

5SIP-CR0WNED PIGEOM r
■ splcnnii, for l,» .r,!. ..^.^r,?""? "™n.t.

consplcuoNs for li. .r.nf .i j"*" ""•""'•I" Til.. fri,n„^,, „,.

"nine, and Ihe Moi:^ co" ."'^BU'fl.^teSS"' T"' " '""-""n jLva"^";."::

s£An:°:!^.=?s:^:i°j^^f^^.^r...ic^.,^__,„^^„^^^

r,xi' RED BIRO OF PARADisc » ^,
■s a nallve or New ("line,, Iwf r.'"""" '''""•• 1
dnrinK the day In Mie thick' r„M,^* ,'['"' '" "" Ha'"!",
>'h.-llerat ,„nrl.e „' . i".*^" '""'"": "' 'he teak ,ree. a„rt

This beaiillfiil bird

-— « hy h„n,e™',rr,',bX,ir,;rp;s;;r„V'

.ndn:l,„:^*,?„^:-r-°„-^«;«u.--A native „f ,he

<lnle» r,.„„, v,,,.y ,., „ „,, i"'"'"'^?,,' , '" "TJ- nbundant.

■Hird of Juno."- The Vac "k >,»' '.^ ." ,"'' """ "'^'""
•'•■'""■K lin> a bad repntatlon aa

Indian IVninsula
Ms domeallcallon
and Komans ihe
a worker of nila-

chief In Rnrilen.«

.iS< -HOMING PIGEON Tl,.. ii„

-;;^-r. have been „b,e ,„ IT-inrr;;^-- ^ -J-^...., f^£

■3

74

Cling. ... ,;;/J ...'rrke." /■Im,""".';'"' '"•".'"^"V" •" "»• l°"l-° r-°
r.» In.ccti.. ' " ""'" '""!'' "" bfrrlcM. (ruin am] ■

1- "'^"Mr"7"''I^^:'';;t*r:,,'';,''V,,'"'''»' ■"»•"'"> Am.rlc.„ o.trlch
»f 'h^ Arri,,.,, 0.lrl"l,,;ilbn"'p,.''''"« ""''."'■•'"' "'If «• Sf'l a. Ih.

win ^.k.Mow„,..r'a„nw;miT;r.ZV ""''"' ' ""'" "■"»"'''■• ""'

,i„H?'"' ?"*"■'■»— (Obicur.ly crytt.llln,) -
llndia,, b. Tlg..r E,... p„,|»h..i ,80'"""™,.

lUiHidftluri*,. polished
». f. JaHper

'. .•„, «appb,n.. ,. .■^,„ „,.b-'"j: !!;L'^ri!;.„s„rirb:,„'r';„'^:'.'',?r'''-

'Mayl. K. SardcMux lAugu",, 1. Tnri '.v "•''""">>■ I. Emerald
inecHnibiTl. ' "'^'' ''■ S^PI'flr.' ISiptPmbcrl. I. Turqi.ol.e

four >nll..» wl,!,.. «as s*t aili. a, ^ 1,1 »'f »■'»,'> ">"'- lo"K and fifty.
March Ul. 1»T2. Th.. ,rea°er nan u „ «" P"'' .'> '^cl of OonnrP»«,
■l» In Monlana and Idaho ThrcImrJinA ""''""!■ "'""«'' »""" <"""<"''
Pla.eau „i,h „„ aivraxe rieva on o x^„r, .''"k"""' °' " ■"■»'"> ™l<^»nlo
InB .hi« „n all sid.., are ,l,,„urn « i i u """"^r" '""I- S^Tound.
.and 10 r„„r thousand r-eabme gene a ihvh" T '"""'' '"••" '»'' '"" '
In the world. ..xoellhig ,h„„. of Ne» 7HalVnH J„^ f'T''" "'''' ""■ '»"•«"«'
beaullfnl. and al«o one of the moa. rein?. , "''"'"''• ""*' °' "><■ most
»hlehthrow, I,, »,reanMorhelihf ori- ? i.",?"''''"''' '" "I"" fallhr„l,

r. „„n„te». Earh •r,^^^:::!!^^^'^^ ::x^r,j:a:^" °'""'"'

,Alafka,.°t''Sa"ni,*':Ln°^';:r r":!?.^rt"d-^r?- ^"""■<""- °"-'
told Oatne, ,1-ral Monntatna eAlLndlnrcT™ "''"';'■ f"'' " °™"-
"It. K. E«»onlte (iarnel and Wopa Se il^fv^ T n^"- '' "'"'"■ "'"»■'
Epidole iKnappenwand Austria pIh' ''. Chrysolite Crystal. I.

PyropH (iarnet iBohemla) '■ ""'"""'• ''"' " ''hrysollle. cut I.

Huperlorl. c. Moss Agate, d Clouded Agate.

h. Banded Agate (l.ake

..„.-. ^„„..^ inittL-K nuiaj. c. Sniol
l\irgln.al. e. Amethyst (Montana).

c;»™h,,„ ... ,„.. „„, ,„„ ^,_^ °"'.-:^";^r;x.s-!;rri„2^;

Imi V,"""' •*''""' !-"« I' »»- mrodurri I l) '■?'"'"" ""'' '"-■iii"n..()
'""" """■ " ""■"' VHrlHi... hav,. K r;e|„td '''■ "'"'"■ '"-" '"'"•"

•»"! LILY-OF-THE VAI I ev #.

from 11,. |.„,|„. convalll, a vaileT a°i,7'r'i™ " ""'"'• '■»'"•'• Convallarl.
""«"•"" K"op,. and „„r,h..r„ l,1a ".Un ?°'"^ '" *"°''» »"" "n l,°a Sa
>-ral ^a^l,.tle, have bpfn produced ra>"ritp |„ culllvatlon and

*><■- SENSITIVE PLANT U'

M:j;.r^r. r:^^ dS'5/r f - -"«- ^--n^"
in .«.■.. a,,., „ „„„. ..a:nri;o^::r„'„r"i:;™x^'i,[r;™'''-' ™-'™

IndHlr !*'"-' ""■ ™n,mon ho,^,l „,, ' J^ '°„"- »"'"• This lily i, ,
Indian Turnip, nr .rackinnie-Pulpit '" "■'"""'>■ '■-'»I''<1 lo th'

Ml^n^"t;°°^°f~;:'°g;;Stli<<".o-^n»u«e--^r„m Main,.. On.arlo and
"ood, and M„ok, rromTKu»?,"To?ob™' "•"""■ """''""" -"'" -oW

/ft

"'"-"'^ ^'.-.Trrn^'M:;'':;;,,!;''"' ""' ••"'•■ """ •»'• -im".

.;.n":ii^S:^;:v^::;:::;:»:,tr, ;„--;; ;i.;;.i. ..f .h.. „„ „„, ,„

"""•■'I «lrli |>l»ril a,l, „„,i ,.hn,,,i •,',, ""Hvh, aa n «llriiul»nr. b.ini

» loi'u] iiriH.-.|||,.,|r 1,1 1... ..r, "'' "'"■'"' >l''l'l» 111-' 11 (1,111.. 1.^,1 "!

-«;.„- .-:-.« "'--".ver-yi-;.,,;;,, --..„;:: ''irv:,;^

r:;Mi..';:^r'^^r^:s';i:r, ?:::::: „;^, -; -> -i.. „.„,

^::''^.:i:i:'lir'L:-i--:;t.{f 'i:^;i'r';:.^;:;:;:;-'A

"• ■■"■ollon. '"'"■ '■ """> «■■■<■ HTiill. IM, H....1I, n 1-. s.,m„

I""! 7 1:'. n„ . „„,. .'"""'".'^ ■. Hulkii. li. I'l»t|]ii,i,. fr„„„r ',;
"'■111 n- iimi i.ml,r,v„, """"™"'' •■■ IrulliiiK l,r„<.,, n.;„ vi"/,,,"

uiinvL.fj^^^tiJ^rrrT.rr:;^,'^ - - '"--aii.

V ""It" "' 111!' Diindi'llim nr,. ,.,,rH. i i . i ' '*llHnlli- i„ i|„. |>h,.|,|-
sill POPPIES P.O. '"""-" II-.1 for ,„i.d,w„...

H-ppy. . .•iMir,;;d';,r,:„'s°'"'';'%::„ -' ""'"■ '■'"■<•> » '■"■•n«.in„
°"'' "- "■"• '" --« «-":pi;K'>:^rL;;;'iii^';ir "-^" -"!^

1 (lark
n.anuf„,.,„r..r, A Hon. r ,.,"/" ..^V,"' ""■> ""■ ""•" Pai-kHd or .,,'

tills
(Jiii.b.

■»l»iiril („ MliinMola

"(iil^. Irom
nd TexaB. It

-"•■'•111 mimkl.l,, r„a„,.,

.•ii..,i
I

CM THVMC Ti.
imiii. or 111. \7 .."""• »ui««rn Ti,. .

' ■ TI,, , .„ [:•■"' ';•■ "M. ■„ .,MoX h. l^r.;!"- ," ••■""->"l'>. r..r'

itiittM,

uhir

'il:.M. I.,,!,.,

• -" HIlJi J.
'' I'Utll.

I',.,

^'■"" V'. Ovary

■ p.irl

'-'■' '^ TK-

>* "I borlt tliH
'"'"rul and
II"' mills :„;■

'"■• ' ■•■"--■i/'-s;;;,,,;!;'

TI..' ■'"m„„'',";i1 ;.;",''7;."l™. ..!.., in

*.-.. niM^ri-'-;-^-"'" p-"i'.i.. ^ ,

,.,. . "''"'"^- "'"I r,ir..,| In oil

'■'. BLACK PEPPef>_p,

'"••J llBv.. op,.np(| F, 'r . ■ II" fl"«>T» dr.- inrhKr., i' j " '" Imp ral
oam. known iS Euro,,, ri" .""'" ""■ "v-n.,;", '''•"■""" "^ ""Ha,

tiJL' CINNAMON— Cinn.monum caMla KxlHii«i
».H,l h^H.lrn, Chin,,. India. Sunialra. Java h, T '.

••I.v ciiUivHred ID
«i'od fiirnislifs the
I. PUrii. r.-7. Prult.

^o":;;:: "ir:,;i„^*i:^,r'T; "'-^•■:,''^'' -i -i^^n; a:™s;s^

i>llh Ih.. lar^. .car,. fl,L ' " ''"^''"'•''' " »"'n". handsome iw.

„ ''-'' PEAR— Pyrui communi. A nuiivc of ■•

l.'s. family „r lli,. ,ai -lass as tn,. Appln Tl

liaiiMK a ,„mpHc-i. ffnH Brain, is l.iKhl.v iirized for >.

ip<-. H>-lon(i« 10 ihe
o(] of rhe IVar liep,
iiiiHt and mill work.

l-a„. r,..i„„„. in .mmUons': .^^hJ^ '^"n,d: d ";;'•',;",:""''? "" '^'^

Mv..;;?km?AmI°:;^lr':r'::v:n"vH"':;;^-;^^''7''"'^^^^^ ""•"•■ -
::£r^^'EHE§'":F "" ^"- - -"v;^,s-f f-t

CI food "np,,!; M„r,. ■ ' '"" '""'"■''■ """ ""- '" ""■ """" «<'"><-»

MIB,

t li-Try. witli ironi one to f(;nr st't-d".

' ' "' •"'" T" I'l'"" ''«' a number of lonn. .mooiti-

li.lS ORANGE (NAVEI 1 /.:.

='.H'!~r;r "= "•2:'";rj;,;, ,;-;• ;■ - •

«17- ENGLISH WALNUT ■ .
■^'n'-rioa an,I Mexico Th""*.* ""° '^ ■-""" ""»,■,.,.„ „„„

i-nini iri^ npr fruit, too. is nianijfactur.'d cayenne pepper,
vaf,..'i''i'„ "rlS PLANT— Solatium eiculentum— An l.e,l,.„.H, ,|.„„ ,.,,,.,

.". Al„,„„,l n,e;l°",r,/'""s;^,ioL|-\iew,''o,';'Z!.'.''re'65r ' ^""'^

;r,..;Li?r^r^j;-?'^*,^'';t:;^T.,i!j™",rr;;;:..,^„rr;;.';;r'
;i,p;.^n. .^s,..„,„r.i«;^;;^- ;-;— '?,«^S: \^^i^-,

i^jTn 'thJ'U'rr r" "^' "- "-'I"" t'h" -or ^o,r:-.r2

nmved. ».,.. Se,,io„ „r ,e,.,l lVoe,",l 'r "".Irn^ p"„„t " '"'"•" ■■"

rRiJTaf.'-.r-r^'o.^i;: '-, f i-" •"v'nHers?:r;:n/7arr

7 S.„nien s. follen " '^'"'"■'' »"" <""' « ""ry in section.

«^^ Sen,Z ' "'""'"'"" -'""^ ""-" "'"""'

""■M-known (,„use pia„t.

ciilri-

«- ■"..- ."in,.;-™"',, "^e:- ^r~r'''- "" -;-

,„„„„„„, K. Murex „.vi,„r„„ ,,k„,|„,|,,'" h "yr" '"'"'""''

<>•« STARFISH— ii
'"■•'"■"li lHI,„d,. i,|„„,,'
Kans I.VIa«»acl,ij..,.,K
■"'"l-i'a iCii]if„ri,lal.

,-^N;;wnj. a™a,: .f^Hl^m I^J'-'V

V ?f CEPMALOPODS ». Fl^uk of Octopi... [,. I'earlv Naiitlhi,
Nauiilii» umbllicatiis (N,.« Calpiliinlal
tuhernilala iriidjaii Ocriinl.

r. I»apfr XaiitilUK -ArRonaula

ht.li GEMS FROM LAND AND SEA-a. Jad^. varl,.|. Jad^"^. ,,,n>.d
in,ir,nal.l. I,. rr.Timis Cnal. „„lish,,l (M-dlKTranean S-nl <• n'yZ

cX^aVr^jui'rti:^:''" '^ "" ' "■"'" "'^"■"•«"- - ■•-'-"

... .M I"":;'!",'"' " •■<Pi"v o.vBi.T (Spnndyh.B prlncHp«i. f. H..arl

OjKlpr (Oslr™ lacrnnsl. i. Spiny v..ni.a (CychiTla hiplim>-la>.

Bfii MARINE GASTEROPODS -a. Cyprai^a | ih.rina iH,.,l s.a. b

liirrlnun, in, „„, ,I-„it,.d Slai,..,, r. Trilonimn „l«,rimn iXapk,,. d

lanlhlna (•oriiinmnM lAMainc (),-™„l. ^. I'a^ls flar„ni,.a iliahauasi f
^aacl„lar,a d„la„» ll'nh^d a.atr,,. g. Oliva Irisan, lAmholnal I, Clilon
sduamosMs Jamalcal, 1. i.„„ia giBaniPa iCalirornial, J. (•„,".- ar

?Ambnl„a' ■"""" " '■"""" """"" "''-" '""''■'" ' ""^^ «'»"«
Wl MARINE GASTEROPODS a. ( Vnihiiim aliuo . Ka,l Imli, s| |,

Ma Intl. aKs.mihs (CaMrornia,, ... T.T^bra lamarckl, , Sandwich Island,
r IrHudttla f„™ioa,a a'nltvd Stales,, e. Kla.nrldva lIM-ri ,r"i„d
„l^. '. "K '•"""■"'« "nuuliri.ra ll'nited Stales!. I. Bulla ampnlla i I'hllip-

i^mn.huV''', "a,"""''"',", ','"""" '"■'■""' " ^'•"■"» P"ln™la , Florida .
I. stKinihtis aiirl.s-dlanae (I'hillppinesl.

nhii„,V °r. " ■' ■''"■'"" "i'-il'l'". Soutbern form. b. Cnlias

ph lode., tmntnon in Ontario, e. Maganostoma ,„,ydiee Imalei. Soiilh-
r |.„, i. T ""•"■""."■ So,„b,.n,. e. Mntenitls „rs„la. rniu-d State",
r lap llo njax. Oreasional In Ontario, g. Terlat. mexicana. Sonihern
b. . ollas eaesonia. OecaalonnI In Ontario ■ "
tf.Tiialei. Sotilbern.

Megaiioslonia eiirydlce

iiroon t.
KKgs (in Maple

U-, COMMON ONTARIO MOTHS a. I.nna Motb Artlas linia (adult
nialel. b. larya. e. I'npa. d. I.nna Molh (adult femalel.
Telia polypbetnns ladiill malei. g. Larva, h. I'upa
bar. j. Tel.'n pnlypliemus (adult temaiel. k. Cocoon.

o„„."r^I; ".^^,TV^* "■ ''•"l-nl"" wriceus. Ontario, b Alans mvops.
Ontario, c. (nlosonia serutator. Ontario, d. l.noanus elephas imnle)
Norh Antenea. e. I.ibia grandis, Ontario, f. Paslmaehua marginatum.
W t A„",'7'e" ,"''"■'""' """<""'■ ""'"'•I" 1' Clcindella repandl
nl"t ^""J'™' I- < )i"»"'« tltyu". Tropleal. J. Clcindella «ex guttata.
nT.lt' . ^'•':™P?,'"-'r Tbifnllls. Ontario. 1. CychniB angu.sllcoiUe.
On arlo. m. ( leindella l.Tontei. Ontario n. Ilrentlius mantis Ontario
0. Dkaelns purpuraluti Canada, p. Calosoma calldum. Ontario q Pas-
saliis rornutns. Ontario. (.a.

(itl7- LEAF BUTTERFLV-Kalllma paralekta Tbe Leaf llntterfl
India !» very common in that ciiunlry. Th. Iniver figure sboivs ih(
viewed from above, wllb wings .mtslritcli

of

nsect,

while tbe upper right band

^Sr^he'^d ""■ T"-.'"""-'^iv wii^ w;„;;f.da;d o;^ ,;::-;L.;;"':;„'r^

Z; 1. r>, "^„" -urface IS seen. The v.ry close imitation of a dried brown

leaf is th.' Ins.ct

M

In •■or„nn'"'j'*r^°'''"* '■ "ilkwomi .■„- , l.

'"'""> 4. Cocoon, r. Malp \I„.i. ; " '■"""''"lasi' «(iri., ; u

s «■•» manufaclurfd ajlk """^^"'"1' 6. fYmale Moth 7 i-^ '^"'"'

cocoon until |„ comni!?!', ^,"^'' '" "nlir„l<,.n rron ihl '« "'"'nd about

and il„. ,„„, „,,|,? """ • """P'' ""'<T Hv ihh. „,.„": ""'' '■" unwound
fro,,, „e>" ^a c„coi„'','"f "" "■■■™1 I" Pl»c. » dSvL""'.,'"""' '» ^'i

■ "™'^"'""»- t-^com.. the rinl»liPd
1. ni,™,,?i°„Ta?„';,*"'"'f*'^ OBA88HOPPER8 a M

-^-...'Er'^';'"'™'-Si;™';;:;uo^;-\-- » x..„™

fr...e„.« ,.(ii,„, «-aV^r „, ; »'™ ' "-""T Srorplou" oi „r/ ',°""'-'"nu»

Hopper",. ' '■■'iKulus i-Toad Due ■ i L „ ' "'"'"n War

'« K, I'lalyrotis rTrw

Knowi,\,I-„*f°^;^,9'i,THE0 BLACK BASS-MI

a'inauc plan,, "r, ,,rl„ r^i;:' '" "'"*''■•' ""vIuk „„,;,! 'T","" ">""'«"■>-?
tanKin, banks „r ™^, „" "'""""■■• ll» ravorlu- La i.i..- ""■" '" »*'loh

■"• "i :l,.- .nod. " "'""■-• "'"■" I'lb-ro „in^ ^l"^ "/J- f<><;<l. I„ ,„ld
•"< -MASKALONGE — L.„

Cl'

('(tnitnun In Lake
TliniiKh cornriKptiiy called

84

BROOK TROUT— Salvelinut fontlnalli I'liriii.rlv fi.imd in all
h,„ „>,i,!!"r »'■•*■'""" "ml l"K''» '"I I'.v ll,..ra. ihruniiluini ea.lHrn Canada,
DIM on iiK i„ ih.. luilhitiiin III i,ar »alir» anil .xccBhlvi- flxliInK ll ha
"triottd M» ran«>' larKfly In ilir nnBi-tll.il dlmrlcls
•NflilRim and snni.- (.1 ih,- riv..r» In thai dl»li-
thi' llrmili Troul. Ii l» nallj a Churr.

«7i; SNAPPING TURTLE-Chil/dri Hrp.ntln> c.inin.ui .hni.lKh-
m,. ..a.l.rn Canada and ih. CnlLd s,»,.... "^rh.- n.o.l ' rj^oA an d
puKna,-,mi, nr all ,1,.. ,nrlle,: ra.li..- p,K,rl> proiecd hy 11, »hHl K.tSa
on an> livlnB ihlnB ii nin <iivrim«,T: panlrnlarlv drstiiirtlve to tl-h and
youhK w»l..rf„«l, Uan.ly l.av., ih.. vval.T .xivpi to d.„™it e,g,

H, !'", ■r"°!"^f°, ■^?*°* (I-IZAPOSI-Phrynoiom. cornulunt Ih.

sta . fr,',',',', T ' '%"';,:"■'"■ """"> '■>''"""« "' "■•• southwv.lern ,„,.d

Stat.., froii lexaa lu Calimntia, and «oiith»ard into M-sirn Uh,ii r. -i-

"SiJii^^ho!;. ■■■•■"'" "" '■"" '"-'■'" ""■' "•■•■■■'- "-- >''-^

X -

.,"''■ ,,T^h'-°** SUNFISM-EupomotH gibboaua- -Th.- Y.llow Sanf.^h
or I'ninpkin Sred. i» v,.,y ahnndanl in tl,.- "atef, ot soath't^i^ and , r.l
ntanij^ ranging to l.ak- ll,„„n. In May and Jan.. the ,p.„a S --m^
tl.. r„h r...„rt to .hallow »ai..r. »h.T.. th.- ova ar,- dep„,„J,l i„ t"'™,
-.■«.|..d onl ,„ th.. sand or „,„d hy th,- anion of th,- fins Th Zwl
keen Kaard until th.- yonnt; ar.. Itatohed. driving off all inlrud.rs as «.• I as
,,ron,o,,n« th,- olrntlation o, ,h,. wai.r hy fa'nInK "it", tt v.mr,,! lit";

.;?!. QAR PIKE— Leplao.teui om€u.— Th.. car I'lk... ll»r fish ,„ Hill.
fisli^ta gj.n.rully distributed from ,h.. upp.-r St. I.av,ren<.... through h-
', .,;.?,^'' """ ','"■"■ "■■""""■l-». •" 'I'" 1>-«1 of Lake Huron. Spa", i- In
Mse Th." ."!; "plk """J!"::''-, ■■"""""= "" "»■ '»'■«'■'• ""■'■"ni'- '"■■ that p„r.
rmai fish ""■" '" "'"'" '"^ '"" '" "■"«"'■ '« '•"I"-!""'' »"'

>>k" RAINBOW TROUT— Sjimo irideut - A

occurring on thi. Pacific coasi.

est..rn form of Ti.mt,

6«1 GILA MONSTER-H.loderm. .u.p,ctu,n- A gaudv lizard ahout
minnern Mexiio. A stupid, slow-moving cr..alure, whos.. bite is . iiftl,
r"p'r'.;nomr«T-''He',a,-'""'" " '"""""• "'" ""' '"""• ""' T""' '^^'

««-' COLLARED LIZAHO-Crotaphytui coMarii Also known -is , he
Kangaroo I i.ard, HVnn.l in th.. arid, sandv regions of smlw'rsrr^
Am.rlca and also M.-xico. The Collared l.l^ard has a 160,1^," I ,1, „^
rising upon lis hind legs and running fairly rapidly >'"""'' h-ll'H of

„ ,'•?'■ AMERICAN FLK OR «,«., "°"""'""" ^" '"-I'Nh r„|„,„l;

f* MOUNTAIN ZEBHA r

'""''" --"'"raf io„. ha.. „,"™ l''^'""'"- ""<! tall.

•"" l.-r km", ,~ ,?"""'• OR BUFFALO >

«'"""'■.■ iliai, , I,.',, ',1. ,;■,""■'■''■'"> "nlmal.. rl,e r!°." ,'''°" '^1" l.'i-i-,.s,

=:pr:s{ Hv;£Hi SS«'£

I'i'l INDIAN. OR AsiAT,,. '" '"'^''-I'm""! nark-

'niliou Klinhani Ai,Y ASIATIC. ELEPMilUT c. i"""

?"'l."»-,;pp.r, ;':"?. ""■'•''■" "-'"« rare' Th *;-,""r'"'''"' W-Pham "„',
I- ro'i'iml r°,^,T, *~r='-OPE-s.l,r,„_.,,,.. ,„,

t-... l'in,'„,*f'*,T"'; OR BACTRIAN CAMF, ^

"'""' ''-""l«to region.

86

than rhoj.1 InhiililhfJ by thf K|nRlf>-hiimp*>d Arrlcmi Iiroaii'dury Thf dn
velopiiifni nf till- rhunihrrt'd hump, which muken li puMHible for thene
animal.^ i<. Hriirt> up Utoti nnd mDlatur*- ■ufriclent to l&>( for a conKlderabl'*
P' riud. ni.ikf)» rtit'iii very vuluublc as bvati* of burden In arid rnffionx.

6!t4 rox aOUIRNEL--Sclurua ludovklanut Thf nurihem Kox
Hiiulrnl iH hert- ihuwn. Kound In rhe Hoiiihwi'Mifrn Tnited 8(Bt»>H. It In
■imllai <ii color to thf Hautherii form, thoiiith Hniallpr and without whlif
markini;>«. Llvfi* In tall irees. in a hollow trunk, or. In rtuninuT. In un nut-
Ridt- n*-.-*! of Ifavefl.

ti'.>:>-~MUSKRAT-.Ondatra tibathica- -Th^ largHHt and most valuabl'-
nitmbfr of thf family ut rats. A nailvf of North Amtrlcii, Kettls larBciy
on v^K^tabli' Hubxtanct's. Hf^ ::lti.

tj!<6 GROUND HOG— Arctomya monax The (Jround Hok. or Wood
chuck, in eaupntiaUv h di«Kt'r. a.s iiidicatfd h\ thf Hhapt- of the tiody. the
and thf hirons tof-nall.-*, Kre(|uently niakKA bis
■init!s uiidiT a barn, Usually more than one
hut sflduni niorf than rhrt-e. The livinx-room Is
•III' lunufl, Ko ihat thf ram dctfs not drain Into H.
-;ctly hfrblvoroiis. and Mt'ini-Jiucturnal. Dfsiructivf
y garden stuff. Stf 2:'".

' and lenRth of the i<
homo on a hillHidf;
entrance to thf hurt'
not ut the lowest pa*"
Thf Ground Mor in
to farm crops, fspfci..

697— GREY RABBIT— Ltpus nuttalli mallurua -Thf Crfj lUbhii, (\u-
lontall, or Wood Marf. ranRt-s from Nfw KnKland to Mlnnfuota. and Bouih-
ward to Cfiiiral Anifilru, varyinB uliRhtly in diffprfnt localhiew, Has gra-
dually extfndfd Its ruuK** ovtT Ontario, whfrfvtr thf land \> undfi cultiva-
tion, except thf fxtrfnif northern and faotftn portionH, Ith homf ia
UBUally u burrow in ihf cround, or a dffp recertu under 'he roots of an
upturned tree. Kffdn on veKeiution, and sonieiitneB does daniaRe to young
orchard trees by siripplnfi off the (trfen bark.

tiKH CHIPMUNK, — Tamtaa atriatua- The Chipmunk, or r.roumi
Sfiiiirrel. hfTf shown. U the easiern vurifi>, Renfrally distributed throiiRti-
oni Ontario. It in dlstinRUlshfd by tin- pronounced white stripf alouK tli-
f^idf. Miikfs jtH home, to which there in frequently more than one entrance,
(HI tlie Kround in a pile of wtono, or under an old stump.

«!»!• FLVING SQUIRREI — Scluroptarua volant Ccmnion in southern
Ontario. tliuUKh not often seen because of iiH norturnal habits: It never
ventures from its retreat, in sonie hollow 'ne, until after sunsft. Thi"
animal does not really fly. but the skin alotiK tile side is capable of expan-
sion, so that it acts as a parachute. During llo' wlntfr thf KlylnK Squlrrfl
lies dormant, retirins to ita nest In November and nitt reappearinR un'i!
about the befcinnluR of April. See 'SJ,^.

"""—STRIPED GOPHER— CItelluB tridecamlineatus— Common on the
prairifs of Manitoba. Sankatclifwan and wfst to the Hock> Mnuniains, ,\
burrowlnK animal, decidedly injurious In cultivated disirictH.

Till GREY SQUIRREL— Sclufua carolinenata -Formerly abundant ;ii
all Ihf hardwood forfsts of southern and western Ontario, but owIhr to thf
fiiitiuR down of the woods and constant persecution, their numbers havf
become very much reduced. Spfplflcally the C.rey and Itlack Squirrels are
identical. See 221.

Till; BEAVER— Caator canadentii Almost extinct a few year-. gRu.
beinR hiRhly prized for Its fur; since it has been under protection, however,
it Is aRain becomins abundant in nor'hern Ontario. An expert bulldfT of
dams. CshiK the four-foo' sticks from which it has eaten the bark for

" "' "'•■" " l» riir..iv win

i;«bia„., , „,

iinnd pock" «h,' ,^r'"""" H"" I""*, siiki'h.ir r

Climber' ^''™'»''" "•".'•.o,. ,i, ^^ S^Jlr^^Jt^rA Ho^

s-s; Sirs =~ ::■■ - KZ7:£Vr; i:sk

7"ti POLAR BEAR II

-sill -.; £ «^'7';/;;;t-£^ ;{;<ir^^^

Tim STRIPED HVCNA— u

p-iiv^^nzi;'^. br;n'" "-■-''' '''p-"i!,„-E:r- ---.

88

■h.now w.l,r. llunlFd for lh« Ivory of lt> lu.kx which how.v.f ?. i„
flll-«KUNK— Mtphltll m«phlllu. Mm 114.

!;°rr,':?.t'',o,;darVone;.'''"" •■"•" •»'"■"•• "'"'-" •-« -"ccui^..

712-

MINK— Muittli viMn. Her 22t.