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Les diagrammes sulvants lllustrent la mAthoda. 1 2 3 6 MIC«OC»y MSOIUTION HST CHAUT iANSi „„d ISO TEST CH««T No 2) 1.0 IfK lii ^ ^^^ m M llllii ■ 1.6 dPPLEDjM^E In, '655 £oB| M5,r s„„, " ^ / Rfimntrii from Fruil •* Fmrm M»li»* t" rriiinl. ;i* Ik'sI I atii ;il)li-, a-- a rcMtlt lit till' pa-.t two >i-a-..iiiv' nKscj- \atiini>. tlu- variolic in>t'it-> < nt-urrinu: ill the Lmwct I'litM-r \'alk-\. wliicli an i-\ •^vvA\<-r or K-'-'-cr cci iiii nni*- iiiipnrt aiRf tn tin- huit ;;rn\vi.-r-- ami larniLT-- I -hall iMidcav-.r t" cribc tin- variuiw in^fct- by thfir lunvt (li-.tiiuti\L' lar\ai aiirl adult iharattcri^tic- and tlK-ir w -))L'Ctivf injiiric> t< i tlu-ir lio-t plam- with brill ni'H's >>n tlit- liiV hi-loric- niiilt-r I.cwtT KrastT t-i'iiditiuiis, and fi.TiK'dic-' sULr.Ltt'-iti'd for control. THE FRUIT INSECTS. The Eye-Spotted Bud Moth. Tmetocera Ocellana Schiff. Till- Tortricid ])roI>;ibi_\- ra'ik> fir-.' .'imoii^'^ tbf \ ariou-i in -■■ct> att.ickiiiL; tlu' .'ijipk' in tlic Krasci \'allc_v. it i- dcstrncti\c only in the larxal i worm i >taL;c. Tin.' winter is pas-.cd in the partially j;ro\vn larva! sta:.; attached to the main limbs and trunks of the tree-, securely covered i>\ a silken well. \\ hen the hnds bej^in to bnr-t in the spring;, tlie yi iinvLr lar\ ;ie cut thronj^li tlien" silken co\c'rinii- and C( iinnuMice t. < 'eeii i -n tlie l)uds and .and thoracic -hield black, -in-oth and -hiny. When full ^rown the lar\a i-- onediall an incli in length, altlion^^li in tlif spring; and VlCTQtdA, U. i-arl\ -ninnifi tin.' larx.i ''la) \,it\ lioni • •uv ftL;liih ill an inch to hall an nub A- all the v^-- are noi laid ,il on.- time. :in ni the fall in \arion> ^ta};e- of L^n-wth. ami. ni inrn, appear in tlu- -prin- uitli tlir -anic variation- The re-ult o[ tin- i> that lar\ae coninuie feeijin- t., ;ill datv- until the I.i^i ila.\ > of July biiore |ia--in- to the next -tay:e nf'ii^'hi.t, ,i \ . the re^tiiif; ^lai^e. or the pupa, TIk' niotli i-- Mipiio>t.-d to be sin.L,dedn'ooiicd. no t'\ ideiice \ei bt-iii;; received to imli caie even .i partial -t-cond brood i )n the otluT hand, pupae nia_\ bi.' foniu.<| h\ the niori' mature ;ar\:ie 1j\ the tir-t uitk of Jniu-, The pnpa may be reco:^ ni/rd. in it- turn, by it- k-iiLith .and col^r. It i- i-hocolate brown in Licnt-ral co|..r, u^th the abfloniin.al -(.■-nii-iii- -oMU'uhat li;..^Iit(.T than tlie lieiuh thora\ and apiiend.a^e^ : eacli -;eL;nietit of tin- abdomen posse-.-^c. tuo row- of ninnLT- on- to..thlike pn-ce^-e-. '.vliilr the l.a-t >e,L:ment pos-e>-e- -f\cral hooked bristle- n-eecnrely in it- pl.act- oi pnj.atinn l.enj^th approximatelx li.alf an inch. i'npacol this description ma.v he louml ill the dried cnr'ed Ir.ivr- -o c, ,mir.oniv -een on ;ipplc tre--- in the Lower I'raser durini; the -nmnier Tiie pup.d -ta^e la-t- irorn l.i to _'0 ilays and car- lie- o\cr from the lir-;t week of June '■•■••I well into Ani^n-t. The adnit 22H9B2 iii'Mh. uliirli i^ ,i>ln -.,n .,i„| . .||,.,|,I, ■ ■I c\|.aiiiIiiiL: II- vMiiL^- .il...iit liw i'n;lilli- I.I .-,ii null, iln-ii -iiii, ,■,,!■, II,,,,, Ih.' return; |.ii|.,, i,, l.n t-o;., .m,! .,M,,i|, |iri..lii., tin- ili'-lni,iiv<. I:,r\,ii-. Il i- .i-iiiiu.l. .It Ilk' |>n»eni tii:ic, that ,,11 ..I till- ct:;;- h.itili ;iii,l |,r..,|.uH liiri.ii- lii'lnri' Lill. Till i-i^. ;,i-,. M-M ,ii,mit,., ^ilicl :in.' I.ci.l .III li.ith -urLi. . ~ ,| ll„ l.'avcv ■|'ln' "1-nii inn, > i- .-m^cl j„ t|,,. i-.irl» "iM-lii:;, i\h. il,c M.inii: l.iri.ii- ;itl.-i.t iIk' i|,.v,.:,,|,i,i;; i;,„i,. tiriinu.il :iliil I;i1iimI. |iriv iii'.iin; tin- iii.riii,il i:ri.vvth ..I -h.i.it^ an.l inrciii:; ili- t;r.iutli ..f iiKiiiy -i.K- ami liilcral ~l t> ill |il:ii'f i.f .iiu>. ,iin| ^^ alkTtiii;.: tin- i..riii,iiii.ii .,f l,l,„>,„„ ;,v ,1,,. ,.|,|.,, 1^ ,,„ fruit l.iul.s. •j'lic' iiLi-i i^tli.i.-iil rcMU-.lv i- tlic .ipi.liciti.iii ,ii ,11-iiia'.- ,,i U-all ill tin- liiriii ,,l a -|..-.\ ,it th,. linn. ,ii tin- liiir-tiiiL^ ..I ill,, i.iiii, ,,,,,1 |„, , i,„,, I.I liu- I'l.riiiaiiiiil I.I M...III1. THE LESSER APPLE WORM. Enarmonia Prunivera Walsh. ■I'lii- liiV hi~ti.i> .11 till- T..riiiii.l 1- M'ly iiiiperlii tl> kii.iwii ,,, ,t.i. n\iiWr ..111- lin-al ciiihtiiiiis. It i> liiiiv, rsillv -|iii-ail .ivcr .iiir prc^ciit fruit ari-a^ lif tlK' l,.,\vir I'ra^cr an. I \:itic...i\ ur Mail. I. 1 1 i- . I. , mil, mix .(.^.n i,, ,|n. latter pan ..f tin.- ^uiniiicT. at tliu tinii- .il the fall fairs, ..ii fruit in tlu- ,ir-. liianls. l.'iir the reasun that its iialilrL- ..f injury il,,M-ly resciiilik-^ that .if the riiilliny .M.ith. it was th..ui;lit advis- .ililc t.i prevent ei iiifiisimi j>v a lirief relereiiee 1.. it- eliaraeleristies. The l.irv.a .if llie (.', i.llini; .M.iih ,(■:„■- p.ieapsa pi.ni. ,iiell,i I..|, another Turtri- ei.l. is when full i^r.iwu ali.e.il tliree- .piarters ..f an inch in len.ylli. white i.r pinkish in e. .1. .r. with a hi-imn he.i.l .•linl faint Inherele- .,\er the I1..1K, .\ ,i;reat |>n.|i..rtiiiil ..i the larvae .'.f the •"■■^l It I enter the apple tlin.uyh the caly.\ end. and s. mie, when ajipje- jire tonchiny, I'liter thrnni^h the side. The well kiii.wn e.\ereta at pi.int .if entranee leaves a eli.e t. . the preseiiee "I li.e larva in .111 apple The la' ,1 alter entering the .ipple piiulrate- 1.. tile e..r,. .111, 1 there remain- until full ;;r..un. when a- a rule il w.,rk,- it- w.n liy a .lll)'erelll mute 1. 1 the -ide f.ir the pnrp.i-e- ..| pii|iati"ii. Tin- larv.i ..f tlu le-er a|.ple rt,,rni enter- the .ipple- In. In either the e.ilw '■r -leiu end. .iml .il-,i ,111 the side when apple- .ire t.iiiehin^, in tlie-e respeets le-.iiililini; the larva ..f the rndliii- .M.ith. The larvae i.l the f.iituer, li.iw ■ ver, fee. I ■■. a i;re.iler eMellt 1111 the -urfaee ..f the apple, ilev.iuriui; the ilesh ar..uu 1 In, ealvx .111. 1 -tein ha-in- I.. the depti ..f half an ineli. The larvae uml iiilitediv penetrate t.. the e.ire. a- .l.i the C...iliii;4 .M.ith larvae, lull usual- ly ..lllv in well ripelie.l ap|ile-. The larva d..e- u... appear t.. l.irni s.. delin- ite a ehaiinel l.i the ei.re a- d.ies the C.i.ir il: M.ith larva, appeariiii; 1.. fee.l re ..r le-- e. .iilinin nislv ..u tin Ilesh "f the .ipph- en •nuite. The Kreate-l 'lillerenei ln.veen the twi. p..ssililv i- Ihe e.ili.r all.l shape. W hen lull i;r.'.vvii the larva is 11. ,t in,,re than half .is l.iiii: .1- lIu (."...11111;; . I.,ih larva and is tiiore pniki-h in e..l..r. I"nrtlierincire. the Urininal p,.rti..ii ..f the l.i-t -e-mellt i- fnrui-hed with ., -null l,r. .wn structure e. iii-istiny .if -even teeth It inav readily l,e a— uiiied that .111 ar-eiiate ..f lea.l sprav applied in the spriii};. ,111,1 a,L;ain in Julv. w.,ul.| .,|ier the best remedies, OLETHREUTES sp. There is evidelitlv a le.if rnller .if the all. le j^euns at w.irk in l.,,wer h'raser "r. li.ird- which cln-.dv re-eml.les the lind .M.ith in h.iliits. The adult ui.itli IS lar;;er lllr.iu,i;h..nt. ll..wever. hut i.f 'r''-^ -'■•'-^' <^^"l"l-. Its .icenrreuee in held IS very l.ical ami thus far has heeii ..hserve.l in ijreat uuinhers. .Arthur Cihsi.Ti. Chief .-Xsst. Don\. ■ cif l-:ut.iin.,l..j;y, t.i whum the Il was relerreil. lielieved it to be ijf ,ili,ive -enns,^ and similar to the *eru species uinili;itan;i. the ii.it .Mr. Div a.ln the I'., THE FALL WEBWORM Hvphantria Cuiiea Uru. Ill I'l'.i Ihv ui'l.. Ml Ihi, \., II, „| VUTC \,rv , 1.11^111.1 « 111 r,nli-ll ('.. liiiiilM.i 111 r.'iciil M.;ir- llii- 111-,, • h,,. II"' i.ciii -.. .■..1.1I11..1I. I, 111 th,. u,.n ^ii'.wii \\i-l.> ,;iii I,,. ..I, -IT,., I ,,i inn,., I'l llic I. \. 1- I'r.l-iT \ ;,ll,. I'll,. I. ,11 -l-nil I. 1A,K ,,;,. ;il,<,ii| ,111 ,,i,|i |,.,,.^, ,..V>T,-,! VMtll 1..III4 I. hill, ,111.1 ullll,. Ii.iir~ ulii,'!, |ir..ii.,-i I,-..,:, ,,,,,,„■,■,, 11- l.l:„-k .iil.,-n'l,.- 'I'll,., U'..,] ..II ill,. I.. I l:r^:- ,,\ Irilll tl,',-- ami «... Il.,ii,| ~li nl.- .111,1 .-ire .■.•illiij,..l uilliii, :i |h,,-U -ilk, 11 "ill, iliu^ Ill-Ill:: ,.,i~il\ .ii-i.iii:iiM,iil.l, Ar-in,-,!,. ,.1 l,.,,,! -iiV.iviii^ „|,,.|, t),, li-aws ,iri' liiiil,. -.iKill ill ill, I'll, 1, 11,. ,,i ^iiiMMiiT, -.1- ih,. li'lll..\,,l ..]■ Ill,- \\,l,- ulli-11 llu-\ .'ir,. 111.,,-, inatni-,-. , ill i.,-,. w-iit iii;ii-ki-,l iiiiiirv to till- 11-,-,-- THE TENT CATERPILLAR. Malacosoma erosa Stretch, I lii- liii- tt..t l.,-,-ii ],rt-\ ,11,111 .liiriu,; llii- p. -1-1 -i-;i-. .11. It 1- -iil,|,-,-i I.. ,,.-,r~ ,.l' |irr\.-ili-li,-,- ;iii,| -v-a|-,-it\. Il i- ,i;i pai-i-llt tlliil |i.ir.-i-it.,'. ,.1,-iv an mi |.. .i-1:,iii |i.-irt ill tin- iwitlir,-il ...iiti. .1 ,.i till- ili- -n-t. 'I'Ih- I. .11.. v\ illy .U--,-i-i|,li, ,11 ..I tlu- l.iiA.i 1- ink -11 ir.ii, I'l- ,1. II, I--. \\ ,1 -,.11'- ri-|),,rt -.1 till- hivn, ..|" l-;„t. .in, .1 - ,,i;l ill lIli- l;ii-iiiiial t'r,.|i IV-t :in,l M.irt. |.ii-p,.rt, I'llMJ. (.■..nalli- I-'.n St.it., ( )rf.. n-hitni- t,. tin- -i>i-,ii- : ".\1. i-r,i.si— \\ liiti~li, iiri-i;ul.-ir ..\al ■•lii'ts ,.11 niiilillf ,,f liai-k .m all lint tlu rir-t I'l-w -i-i;iii-,-iils. i 111 I'itliti- -i,|i- ,,i tlu--i- sp,,t- and -., n,-uliat -i-parati-,1 ir, .111 thi-111 i- a 1)1-, .a, I liiiii- liaml In.r ili-ri-il ,.ii i-ithiT >ick- III a lirick ri-d liiii-. li.Iiiw tlllit, ..II i-itlH'r ^iili-, ail,l ri-ai-li iiii-' t till- lt-i;>. i> a lihii-h >pat-t.-, iliar- aiti-iii-.i-ii liv ..111- ilaiki-li ,|, .t ,,ii i-aili -fi-'iiR-iit iiiarkiiii,; till- p, .>ili, .11 ,.i' -pii- ai-K.> ,ir "lirratliiiiH li, ik->." I'.i-I. .« tlii- i-aterpill;ir> an- I'ark liliii- with ,.,ai sp.its ill iiK-,liaii . , :.ll hut lirst iVu .^i-:;Mic-nt.-. I ivi-r tl ■ uli.-U- ,,i tin- i-at- t-rpillar.- an- iiniiii-r. i-, Hiii- m-11, .wi-li , .f >Ti-;iiii ,-'.i. Ti-.l liair 111-,-. 1- ..: ilii- -i.,-,-i,-- ,,!,.,, I ,11 ,„ ■li-'i'l '"■■■ Ml 111, l,..„,-i l--i,i-,-i ..nil ""■ 'M'!'" In- |„-,ii. „|,i,-l. .„. l'-i"iilH .ip|.,-.il- iininnn,- Tj,,- |,. --1 ill! niiiii, II. .Ill Ih,--,- ,-,,t,-,|.|||,,,, 'I'' -■ wll kli.-ur ili.it iiirlli,-i 1,-1,-1 ' "' I '■ 111' - ,---,11 \ Siilti,-,. It 1.. ,.n ill, II -|.i-.i>n|.„ .Mth .,, ,.||.,|,. ,,| I,.,,, I 1,1 'III' ''-iil.> -iiiHiin, .11,. I III,. Ill,, hull, .1 'l''-'ni.'li..ii .1 111,- l.i,-,.i.. ,,,,. ,.,.,.,„, THE APPLE FRUIT MINER .^rtjyresthia conjutjella /.. In l.x'i,S II,- |-'K.|,-|„,- ,i„, I,,,, I, „ "" l'...l..ni-l ,,11. 1 |.,,i, :i;,.l,,^,,| I,. 'I'l-i-.l i.- tin- 111-,-, -I ,1- ,,„, .,1 III,, '..i-t i-iH-ini,-- .,| ih,. ,||,|,. ^|,,m.| I,, llnn-li Cliniil pu-.n, r I,, II 11 - -l.-.l THt PLUM CURCULIO Conotrachelus Nenuphar. Il ha- hull ,-..,|„,l,-,-,-.| ,i.|.i-,,|,|,. ,,, iiii'iitl'-li 111,- ,-h,ii, u-i-i-ii,-- ..I tin- III -I'll 'III,' a. lull i- a tin,-k--,i -ii..nt h,-i-ll,- ah.. Ill ..lu- ,piai-|,-i- iiK-h 1.,.,.^, .111.1 il lai- il- i-;;;^- i-| p,-,-|,||ai- hlli ,li,ira,'ti-ri-lii- i-ri--,-i-iii -hapi-l piiiu till',-- -.11 tlu- -kill ,.i main ..i-.-lnr. I'l-ilit-, i.ai-li.-iil.,i-|, ill,- ,-||,..! -.pi-a.-h ,,ii- plilil. Tlu- fi-inali. ,\n.\il fi,--t ri-iii,.,,-- ., |...iti,.ll ..I till- >kill ,.f till- Irilit with lu-i- -11, .lit, an, I in tin- lavity tliii- i..i-tn.-il ,lrp,,-it- an i-yi;. .•li.-iri, |,.,,k,.,il li,- k,.,,| ,„ |!iit|.l, I,',. hiinli-.i THE CIIKRRY KRUIT FLY. Kha>!"leti» cingulata Loew. ' rill- llup.iincl ill-,. I \>,|s rr,.il.|ii| !■> Iir I'liiiluT 111 l'«il, II,. ri-,-iiM-.| II i";"i Mi W K' I'.iIhut, \i,t,.ii;,. I! t , v\ lien ir w.is iiiiMritiy -miiu iliirrit~, 'I'lii, «^,, U' lir-I iii-,.i,lc,| ;ip|n'ar.iiu<- in r:iiiiiil,i. .111. 1 Mr, IVilnur -tiilcl iIkii In- lir-l ii,,tii-i,| III,. ii,,|,.- Ill illirriis ill Vtl-i" I l-.xir.iil ir.iiii rf|i..rl •■' 111 (' i„,r.|.,ii II.Hiti. ,il-i M;,r,li. I'll I. I\l. I'.inii-, r;iii.Ml;i t THE WOOLLY APPLE APHIS. Schizoneura lanigera Hausm. Till- .qilii, i> |ir. .Ii;il,l\ tin- n. 111111, ,11 r-t knnuii iiiM't-t ,,f it^ i-liisv f ilii' iriiit yri.uiT ill the I'nis.r \ .•illf\. Il- i-onspii-iii.ii-. whili- flu-iiliiil ilii>'u-r- ill cr.u'k. .iii.J crcv iiH- ..I limh. ^niil in liniiiiiii: -lii-iirs .it ,,ii,,. iiiclii;,!,. ii. |iri-.i-iHe, Nn.,1 1,,1-Mi. :,U,, occur, loriiiiiii; ~ivi'lliiii;> .iiiil -cars , ,11 the liner r....l- nf the trees: lint as these liMins are hiilileji from \ iew, their inil'nrlanei' is |,ist sifjlit ,,l'. Tl,,. seci.nil.ir.v injure canseil. allc.win;; tlllll;lls iliscasi-s access to the trei. i- as iiiip,,rtaiit as the attack .m the tree li.v the aphis itself, Huriny the winter, mi the stem,- will he f..iiii,l masses of the lieail ho.lics ,,i the sniiiiiier's yeneratinns ; hut iiinler- lleath, prcitecled from the effects ,,f temperature, mav he foniicl several small aphiils of aiiroun coh.r. Ii these -ilr i\e lllc winter— as maii\ proiialiK ilo 111 the inihler parts of this I't .viiice — tlle\ comnieiice to mii;rale to the new wood nf the past siminn-r, when the Imds liei;iii to opcll. Thev lieyill to Iced by inseriiii^< their lieaks int., the wood and proline, a white. \\.i\\ •\>ulloi' .1, the; -ro., iiie-t ,. pr..M- to |,c lem.il'es. and i.uli ..lu >- 'apalile of proil.ieiili,' .HMIlli;. wliicli, 111 liirii. product 111 .re v.umi;. and 11 nillil eirli 111 !h, lall. when winded loriiH .in pro.lii.cd I liese wini;ed loriu-. arc Idack to the imaided cm. ^^llll dltllict Id.ick ller\ed willys \i this IH.iiit theie a|ipe,irs to he a cerl.iiii amoiiiit of donlit. at the pres, it lini, , as to ihe llevt ste|i in the life liiston li is -iippo-cd that these wiiii;cd f.iriii- "iiyiMtc to th, .In,. ,„„| ||,,Te 1 Ill,, scleral male and 1,11,., I,- ,iplii,|>. „i,„|, III inrii pn..hi,e cyys, II,,. ■„,„,, | |,,, history iPid.T r.owcr I'r.i-cr , .,ii,|ili.,ii- has not. I helieve. Iieeii -in. lie,) , ,,„, sei|nently we i-aimot d,, m,.re ,it ,lic (iresent time than ret;.inl the r, -■•.ir,li,s ,,i ,,t|icr investiijalors a- a|. proxiiiL.t,. p, ,,iir ,,wii. The aphi.ls ..n ih,. .telils ,.ui he. I h, ,,,iitrolle.l li\ a weak sohili pr,i\ ,,i ken, sen, eiiiiilsioii. , .r h\ sumiiier s|reti.t;tli lime snlplmr with an a,|,|iti,,ii of "hlack leaf ■»)" W here root f.,riii- .ire klh.wii t,, cvist, llic-c same spr.n - .i|ililicd t,, the ro,,ls max l,e iisc.l al lowiiit; the li,|iiid- 1,, reach the aiiliid- In p.irtialli r,iii,niin; the s,,il .,r.,iiii,! the tree. The Rosy Aphis— Aphis sorbi Kalt. I'liis aphis ,,cciirs in th,. |.,w\er hraser. hnt its presence and the injinn ■ alised w,,iil,l prohahh not he .ism,. ciated liy the ineraye yrower. Th,- iiint IS 11, ,t attacked, hut hv the in direil mllnciicc ,rf the aphis .attack ,.11 the iriiii hearing spurs ami ,idi,iiiiiiiL; h'a\es, the fruit liec, ,iiies yuarleil. irrei^iilar ami misshapen. These cliis' icrs ,,i p,„,rlv-s|],,pcd fruits are i-olli- 111,, Illy t,, he seen in am ..rchard of the \ allcv, hilt we have 11,. ,letillite i,lc.i •a- .vcl ,,11 its prevalence ,.r ,lcL;ree ,.f "ij"!".^ ill >■ p.iris,.,! will, the .ittack- ol ,,ther a|>llids, |t i- altogether proh- ahle that we will hml this species the most serious aphis pest of our ap|il, trees unless due regard is paid f. it- Tin liu- 1 1-1. . I \ ..[ tilt- iiiM ' I-. hk, 'tu' ui...lh -ii-liiv ,.ni\ iiM[Hi u.il\ kunwii r<'lniiu-- ni;i\ In- ioini,.hi- in th*' >|H-1IIU Thf^^c tolunii'- )t;iM- -pnuiL: IrMiti ,111 "\ti wmtitiii- ftit: l;ii'l till' ;ir»\ i..n- t'iill. ;irti| ;ir( n inyk'->- StHtTiil l^cm cratiMti- Mcciir .litrin;^ tlu- -ipriiiy. ;im.! (Ittriii;^ t;irl\ |nl\ \\iny:r I'lMni tli.' .iliplc lf;i\ f-* to -1 iMif inikti"\vti li. .-' I'Lint \ll riri.ris t" tr;iri' tin >,. '■ihl.iM h'.vl |»I;int \\v<\ \\\i- ji.i-i -nnitmr, Av-ii.nlin ■ I'n.i' 1 1 |' \\ il-.>n ,.i" l'.i\.illi., I itT . rlii- ^pnn- tni-r.inf is ■"in ,-t -imI ,;.],, r 1.1, u'k. ,,1. ili.tn.M In- -wii with M.K-k in. liking;- .iii.l a I>l;u-k .!,. -;il -.|n;irt -ii.Li^r.l -.)...i Tin ;tnli'n?i;if ■ alinnt a- \<>ii- a- the I>'>.Iv an. ,1 -.ciif* .It i!rnt;itr inlii-tvnic-. ■ l.atir in ilu- \v:\r. almut Sr|iHtiil.tT. winjjt'.I iVpmIi'- fitnni ayain i.. tlu- .ippli.'. -ixitf birth t-' -.■\ era! fnrni'.. uhiili in tun m .ihuc il;l;- 'I'hi- j,niarK(| ap|icaraiu- t thi- irmt in thf rIn--ti.Ts. ami thi- .-ctict- "t Jiii\- a^-«ilinalilf kaiisr hy thi- iiiiL;rati I'niit. Tlu- ri-nn.-il> -•liy;ii--trii ha-- pr..\i-n itsi'lf \i-r\ iftit.'ii-ni ; ami ri-lirrin^ ai^aiii til I'l.ii'. \\ ils.m- wn-k in ( )ri- ;;iin, tor want \honI(I hf 11 -CI I. winli-r -tn-nj.jth, .iml 'black leaf -M)* adiU-d at tlu- ratt- of .mi part to 'XK) pait- of the liihtti-d linic snlphnr," It i- wry t'^-fiitial for ^m- ci'-i*i that thi- "-pray be appiicil jn^t a- thf bn on the apple in the Nower Fraser. beiiiu' often louml a->ociati.il in tin- col. mic- 1 if ipin- -Tin III die -piin- ■■!! tlu- liM\t- \ppartrill> the hi. In-ii.t\ rc^ehiblc- ili.ii .1 .ipln- -i.rbi r th, -cncral .U- tail-, with the txuption ih.d i- I.M'i^' n ..I It- hi-1- l! ii-c* thf ap- plr^ a-i ihf ho-t Ml ihi -ptni- .in.! -11 nnuf'tnin l.- -iimII -r.iirn .iml l'i,, ,■•. ■ Inrni- the -iiinnui \t \i;.i>>t,', .hir- itiL: llu p.1-1 -ininiirr. thc-c .iplml- nn '1 It inii;ht be nienlt.'iieil that the v^i^- aia- ma .■inieii abb' 1.. pr.i, lu al treatment. The Cherry Aphis — Myzus tcrasi L. Tin- bla k aphis n,a> be lonn.l hroni;h.iiit llie -nmiiu-i m the cnrlei! leave of the ch.ir\ tree The Hine -ulpbn'- ami ■bl.-ick leal 4n' spra\ i> aL^ain oi beiietlt in the earlv sprin:; The Oyster Shell Scale — Lepidosaphes nlmi L. I lie f. icciil i- \ ery .'. .inni. in . mi all .•Ia--e- ..1 li-re- in tlic i'ra-er \'.illey. The 111' li-t. 1 inii'l .-Innate .a' the itn- im-.iiat.- .-. la-i.il re-i.ai 1- pai-ti.tilarl\ well -nited 1.. it- lite ami re)M-o<|nction. The -cab- can lu' recoL:iii/eil from ii- >\ell known -h.ape, -luli a- it- name implies, an. I i- known I.' a!! - rchanl isl'-. In a L;eiuTal \\a\- tlu' -ca'u- i- not (lan.i;er. -n-. a- the method- ,.f orchard citlinre tend u> retain it- nnmber- ^'v ithin r.'a-. iiiable b. amd-. I'.ran.-he- of tree-, howiwer. and. in rare ca-e-. wIkiIo trec< in m'-lwtcd i.rcli.inl-. ,.,- vvn.i.l l,,ls. in.iy \k- killed l,v tin- elicit^ of thi-; scale .iliMic. At iirt.iiii |)..iiii- 111 the l''ra-.iT \ allcv wild crali apple trees may lie -eeii staiiiliiii; dead liv the n.adsi (hieing; sciine \ery ininnte vellowish insects which are ci unparativi-l . ntive siion after hatchinu;. In time each in- dividnal will settle down, insert its lieak int.. the plant and connnellce to suck the .^ap. .\t this time the insect is free of any coverini; or "scale." However, as it !.;rows and m.inlts. a wa.\y excretion covers the hoilv. forni- in.i; ,L;ra or thereahonts. .X- ,1 L;ener,-il rnle it will not he ni'cc~-,irv to spray everv ;. ..ar h,r this insect, hn'l a- oi'-en .■,., the di-crelion of the i^rowcr w.iiil.i \cirraiit. ilt shonid he remem hered lh,-it this statement a])plies oidv to this insect. I 111 ,;i,e~ where trees ha\e heconie \ely hadlv encnisted with scales, mosse- and lichens, it would he \\cll to .-ipply a dormant winter sprav of either ,i three per cent. ..iiistic ,>oda -olnlion or one pound of Cillett's he m four -alloiis ot w:io r. This pro-, cednre is hetter not lollowcd more than once in four or ti\<' \ears, as it has ,a lendcncy to hidehonn'd the tree-. The scale is he.avih para-itizcd in the I'raser \alley. The Red Humped Apple Caterpillar— Schizura conctnna S. & A. The n,ime of this caterpillar is oh- tained from a prominent red luinip on the fourth seymefit of its hodv. Speci- mens of the l,ir\,ae of this species mav at times he met with devonrin;; the leaves of apple trees, .\ simple sprav - in- of arsenate of lead will efTeetiveiv control them. The Cigar Case Bearer— Coleophora fletcherella Fernald, .\t every orchard in the Lower I'ra- ser visited duriny the past two vears. this insect has heeii found to occiir. It cannot, however, lie clas.sed as one of the important insects of the orchard. The .grower may recoi^nize the species when a .small ci;;ar-like case is seen standin,t; erect on the surface of a leaf. TliK case i-untains :i >iiiail i-.ilcrpillar whicli feeds uii the surface nf tlie leal I'lic uimer is passed as the larva in its ease attached tc . stems ami tuiyv Migration t.> the :ea\es ..ceurs ii, ,]„,■ siiriii|4, and the adidt ninths appear in July, ijivini; rise to the next seas.,n' wneration. Arsenate .il" lead, applied either lief, .re , ,r alter l>lnv„ .niinij. will V' .iitr. .1 tliiv species. The Pear Slug— Eriocampoides lima- cina Rctz. A -nii«.tli. -liiin-K,..kinK ^Iny ina\ "Iten lie iiiel uilli have been ..hserve.l il\ my in the iM-.iser \ ,ille\ iluriiif; .May .111.1 early June. ilep..sitiii}4 e,yj;s, Snuiil hlisterdike areas may he seen .111 the upper leaf surface, ilidiealinj; th.it .111 e.i;,;; has been dep. .sited there liv tlu leiuale. Minute larvae 1 slui,'s 1 ' li;n e been ..bserveil i.n the le.ixes dllrim^ tile sec.iiil week .,f luiie. The first br....d ..f larvae e\identh cmiiience .ibi.ut this time. I'n.ni the mi. I. lie till the enil .if July the peri, .d ..f pup.iti.,n i^ in pri.,i;ress. as hut feu slui;s c.ni be l.amd ..n the trees. Durins^' the l.i-t days .,f July and early .Su^ii^t a. hilt- may .ijjain he seen flying' an.l ilep.isit- ins ci,'t;s, so that du'riu!.; .\uKiist .nd September larvae are I'piite cnnini.in apiin. Thus the in-.ct in the l.nwer Fraser is :ui experiment perfornie.l t.i Im.l ..nt wh.al .l.aniaije w.-i~ canse.l. it wa- sh.iwn th.it tlie-e larye bl.ack beetle- were cutting ..If the pistils an.l Maiiien- ..f the l.l..-,.,m-. .lev.mrim; the c.il>.\ cup .and the petals, a- well a- the .le\elopin,L; leave- ..f the tree rilere i- n.. (piesti,,n at all that a lary.' luiniber ..I pr..spective fruit-, .ire .lestr. .\e.| by the .lestriicli..n ..f the bloss..ni- .-111.1 the calyxes. |."urtlier- inore. the depre.l.iti. .11-. .if these beetle- ■ ire c..miiiue.l iluriny the -muiner up.m le.ave- ,111.1 i.tiniL;' fruit. I'.irtion- ..f llie epi.lenni- anil pith ..f tile apple will he ilev.iiireil. These areas heal .iver. bill 11 nit .ittacke.l in this wav later in the \e;ir shows brown an.l depresse.l areas .,11 its skin-, ure.itly injnrini; the niarketable .il.jiear.ince "i the fruit, Tlii- f.,rm ..f injury i-. ue belie\e. pr.icticilly niirec. .riled : therefore we .ire iinalile f. a.lvise aii\ dehnite cm-e ..1 reiiieily. .\r-cllate of lea. I applie.l ill the spring iiiis;ht have the ri^;lil effect, s., I.iu!;. ;,- the bloss.miinu; pcri...l ami the settini.; ..f fruit were 11. .t interfere. I with. The Pear Leaf Blister Mite — Erio- phyes pyri Pagnst. This .iraclmiil i- to he lolllul in e\erv ..rchard visite.l in the Lower Fraser \ alley. Its w..rk can be reeoynized hv the rusty, rou^h, blister-like appear- ance of the under surfaces of the leave-. The mites are microscopic in -ize and can only jn-t he seen with a lens. The mites pass the winter in the ffjf; stajje in the buds, hatch in spriuj; and migrate to the leaves when the buds are expanded. Here thev hurn.w between the tw.. surfaces .if" the le.if and feed and set up an irritation which proihices .11 first the rustv brown c.ilor on the surface which later becomes black, .Sjiples ami |iears are attacked. T. . control these animals, irreat care is reipiired. I.inie sulphur or bordeaux inixtnri'. ..r ini\ nf the nil i.-iiiiiiNi,,ns. ^ipplicil in tin: i.lII .,r spring lUKkr ;)rcs- ~llrc will 1)1- fi.iiml i|iiit<- c'tiiiacii.iis ,(< rrtnolifs. The Apple Leaf Hopper— Empoasca mali Leb. Cans till- I'liiMiar wliili- sjn-ikini; •M .ippli' ll■a\l•^. Caustic cir soap sprav* applied in tlu' spring, with special at- ti-ntiiin lii-inj,' paiii t" the under surface 111 the leaves, will retain these insect* within reasonalile In minis, I'nini the alx.vc it will lie seen that the twc. essential mixtures are lime snlphnr ami arsinate nf lead. I Hack- leal 4(1 is als,. Ill use ai;ainst aphids. These three ingredients can lie mixed tii,;;cther satisfactorily withmit injure til the relative crfccti\ eiiess nf am iiiie. It will he seen alsn that the tir-i ~piav- ing nn apple trees is reipiired diiriiii; April, nr at the time when the Imds arc breakin;;. and previ.nis tn the fnr niatiim of hlossnm. The seeoiiil spray- iii.i; shiiiild take place in June, or after the liliissnms have fallen. The third, or mid-snminer sprays will onlv be re- ipiired during exceptiunal cases and relative to special insects. The same aiiplies tn the fall -pravs and winter sprayini;. The lirst two sprnyiii),'s are nece-sar\. niie year with anuther. in every nrchard in the l,.iwer Kraser. The later spra>in.i;s ,ire n|iti,,n,d to the grower, and need only be applied in ■■pecial cases r.f ^e\ere infestation, and .IS specially directed remedies ai^ainst special niitbreaks. It slloiiM be linrne strictl>' in mind, however, that these snray recommendations can be con- sidered only from the st.imlpoinl of the insects. The \ariiins fnnj^ns disease^ are probably more scriun^ to the ,;|i|ilc i;riiwer than any existinj,' insect attack, and these ili.seases have to be loii;;ln by special methods ,,iid at special times. Friiiii informatiim at mir di- posal. we are iiilormed that three ^pr.ayin^s a year are necessary in the niajiirity of orchards in the \alley. The lirst two coinide with the lirsl two iiisict sprays, viz.. in .\pril anil in .lime, and the third takes place in the fall, in September or ( letober. depend- inj; on climatic conditions .,f the year, and as to whether the tree is in fruit or otherwise. The lime snl|ihiir niav be used in the sprin.t; sprayings ai;aiii-i the fun!.;i as against the insects. I!, ir- deaiix or lime snlphnr may be applied in the fall, accordim.; to the preference ' if the thrower. Essential Times for Spray Applications to Apples. Insect. Hud Mdth Lesser Apple W'nrm l.eal Kiiller Kail Wehwurm Tent Caterpillar W iiiilly .Aphis Ci.!,,%ar Case lie.irer i'ear Slu.y; Click Deetles Rosy .Aphis l'".uro]icaii C.rain .\iiln-, .\pple .Aphis I lyster Shell Scale i'ear Leaf lllister Mite •| line. Spray. .April .\pril .\l>ril Inlv am .Inly -\rsenalc of Lead Inne .\pril .\pril Inne .\pril am or .Iniu II 11.' Ixerostne Ivnmlsiun .\rsenate of Lead .\pril .\l)ril .April Lime Snlphnr anil Itlack Leaf 40 I tine \pril ir S eptei iber f-inie Snlphnr Small Fruit Insects The Straul.irry Knot \\ti\ii d Ii\'ncliiis (.\-atils)! Tlie larva .,t this \\0L'vil is a white Kriili which when full . Iti.i ^ariclii-, ilu. ,lf|,rv.lali.,ii- ,,1 tl,, Ml win !„■ ,,i„,-l, alK'xialcl Aee- s.nall rowti inch IS al)-nit three eighths ci an lenijth. It is comnicinlv fdund in the soil „f a strawherrv plantation amon;j the n.ois of the plant, whicii It devours readily and causes in -^o d.,nii.' rapirl deterioration of the l.ehl. The adult is a small dark- hrowM hecllc about "j .,1 ,,„ i„cli on,!,'. It feeds dnrin.i; the liii:lit on the leaves, forniuiir jrre-idar leedin;; .areas on the edf;e of the leal. In the adnlt -tage It has not proven destructive and the appearance in houses duriu" tli- summer and fall is not indicative oi' any harm. In the larval staye it is of great economic importance! .and as «ieh IS the worst cneniv of this class of Iruit. The eggs are lai.l durin- .lune. Inly and .'KuRust in the soil to the dei)th ,,i an inch. The larvae feed liffhtly on the roots mitil fall and pass through the winter without causiiig untoward injury to the roots. In the spring the larvae continue feeding ra- venously until the pupal sta''c is reached in May and fune. From' these pupae which are formed in the soil from one to twtiorliynchu~ Snlc.iiiisi This -p-.cies is similar in habii- 1,, nv.itus. It is l.arLjer tlir. .Ui;|„,ul all Its stages. It IS found in strawherrv plantations 1,, .-, i„jn„r .i^.^r,,,. ,,^ ,.„„;. pared t.. the smaller species. This species may be mentioned .as beiii- niore troublesome to garden anre in accord with their n.iture. If one of these- moths be captureil. it will |>rove to be one of the most beautiful ..f the manv insects of the orchard. It is a clear winged Sesiid, about hall ,111 inch in length, with a body of a steel blue lus- tre with several bright golden bainU .ir.jiMi.l tlie uvck .iiid aiTi." liu' alul.;- iiun. wiiilc on iIk- last Hc-;^MiR'iit is a prMiiiinaiit tuft f)f h-ii;,^ -lali.--.. At the latter part i.f June the female lias deposited licr e^ps. In oue fase, under nl)-ervatiMii, SO ey;?;- were laid i)y a sinjjlc niotli. The c.ljk- were verv •-mall and yclhtwisji in cnlnr. and were UK'ked away midt-r rorruRatJnns of the I'ark of the hushes in asils of huds and undir the edyes of liehens which ;;ro\v >n tre-juently on the stems of shruh< and trees in the \'alley. On the Nt of July the lar\ae had hatched from the CLT^'s and had penetrated to the pith of the stems, -.mall ainonnts of cast-off material indicatinjj the point of en- trance. The larvae feed on the central pith of the currant hushes, and ihev he- come half-g^n^wn al the approach ni winter. The fol!owin,i( .spring, feedinj^^ and gffowth is -"ontinued uninterrupt- edly until May. The full-f,^rown larva i^ ahout half an inch lonjif, yellow with a hrown head. The jntpa is then fo'-m- ed in the pith, and it remains dormant about 15 days until the adult moth is ready to emerg-e. When ready, the pu- pa forces its way throug-h a lio\' to the outside of the stem until it protrudes nearly its whole length from the stem. The anterior portion then breaks open, and the adult moth appears readv to commence the irenerations again. Af- fected hushes will show a slight Yel- lowing of the leaves and a general dwarfed appearance of the plant. The insect is very common in the Lower l-'raspr Valley on currants, and no evi- dence has yet been given where hushes die from the effects of this moth alone, although in severe infestations such may prove to be the case. The remedv is comparatively simple. Prune out all the ol(l wood in the earlv spring, or in late fall, and burn the cuttings. Tlie statidard form of bush should aNo be avoided. The Currant Fruit Fly (Epochra canadensis I.ocw), Dr. Fletcher in 1*X)I reported this in -eel injuriously prevalent on \an- couver I -land and m the Lower Fraser Valley. It is probable that it is still prc->cnt in the inmiediate coast regions, but not in sufficient numbers to attract the attention from fruit-growers. The dr\er purlion-. of the Province appear to -,uil thi- in>ect. for from there it is reported recently as of economic im- pi nance. In short, the adult is a >mall fly with a fine tapering abdomen. In the early summer llic female fly will de|)osit her egg> ju>i beneath the skin nf the fruit and the maggot.s will ile- vour the pith and seeds. When ready lo ])ass to the pu]>a the maggot bur- lows out of the berry, and will drop to the ground, where it pupate-^ just he- li'w the surface. Chickens and culti- \ation will assist in controlling this in- sect. TRUCK CROP INSECTS. The Potato Flea Beetle (Epitrix cucumeris. Harris). This insect is common to the Fraser \'ailey. and may be seen as minute black specks on the surface of potato leaves during the summer. The adults devour portions of the epidermis of the leaf, and, when disturbed, hop freely to great distances. The lar\ae and pupae are found in autl around the roots of the plants in the s()il. Reports of in- jury from this insect must have been received from the Coast since lyM. (Dr. J. P'letcher. .Vnmal Report E.\- perimental Farms. , X)\.) The aiiults are \ ery minute, being only about one-sixteenth (jf an inch long, jet black, with yellow antennae and lejrs. They are mainly are beliewd to be equally effica- cious. The Red Turnip Beetle (ICntomiisculis ailoiiiilis. IvUj;. Tllis hcttlo has l)ocn reported at Ilazeltoii and points north ni l.illtioct. H. C. and fmm as far north as Daw- son. V. T., as destructive to cahliagcs and turnrps. During tlie past summer a report, without specimens, was re- ceived from Fort T.eorKe, prolialilv re- feral)Ie to this insect. It would apiicar that ar.scnate of leail would again prove applicahle for control. The Cabbage Maggot (I'egomya lirassicae. Ilouche). This insect is liy far the tliost serious and iinportant one attacking cahhagcs. radishes, turnips, cauliflowers, celery, rape, and the \arious wild critcifcrons plants in the Lower I'rascr \alley. It yearly exacts a toll from gardeners and farmers far exceeding any other insect of its class. .More requests for satisfac- tory control measures are vearlv an- swered aliout this insect than' anv other in the \alley. It must he admit- ted, he". ever, that we yet await a sat- isfactory and practical remedy, appli- cable in particular to field conditions. The adult is a small fly. smaller, hut resenihling the cciinmon house flv. It appears in .\pril in the Fraser Vallev ready to lay e.t^gs on \'nting cahha.r^c and other |)laiits. The egjjs are laid against the plant root on the surface, thus readily distinguishable to the un- aided eye. Small footless white mag- gots emerge from the e;'gs anil penc trate the root. Here they continue to fecil and grow to approximately one third inch long before passing to the pupa in the soil. From the |iupa the fly eventual emerges, giving rise to further incl.viduals. The entire indivi- dual life histor\- cirries over .'iiiproxi- mately two months, and two .-old prob- ably a j)artial third brood occurs dur- ing the sunnner. The life histrirv un- der strictly local conditions h.as not yet been properly studied, consecpiently we arc unable as yet to state wdiat oc- curs at the latter part of the se.-tson. The control of this maggot has bee (\perimcnled with at .\gassiz durin- the |iast summer, and while it Is n,,~ pro|>osed to give the results at thi- jiMicture a few signific.iiit points m.n be st.ited and ju.lgcd accordinglv ,i". passing results. It i~ proposed to c.intinue the inve- ligations .hiring the next .an.! future seasons. The main niiNturc experi mented with w.is the Carbolic I'.miil sion. This mixture i~ m,ide bv di- solving twc. p.umds of si.ft soa)) in tvio gallons .,1 warm w,iter. to which i- adcled two pints of crude carbolic acid. This stock solution is then diluted 1-20 and apiilieil .it the ratio of .^ ,,z, t., each cabb.ige. It was figured that ter, cents worth of the diluted mixture \ioidd tre.it lOli plants once at this rate. n. it including the cost of l.ibor. It was iiecess.iry to treat cicll cabbage seven times be- tween the end of May and the middle of Inly, consequently the est |ier plant was approximately TO cents, exclusive of labor. The past summer's work in- dicated that the above mixture .applied 7 times only held a balance in favor of treatment of .W |ier cent., covering a great many varieties of cabbage. Tliere is undoubtedly such variation in the degree of resistency between the vari- ous varieties (,f cabba.ge. consei|uentlv it is not fair to iudge the 3.^ i>er cent, with too great a degree of detail. It is nierely wished to point out that the (.'arbolic F.innlsion. which is the most recommended mixture for control. h,-s not offered perfect , 'ts from treai- nienl. .\ greater !■ f than matur- ity was noticed nude. ,ie above treat- ments in the individn.il comparative weights of the cabbage harvested, W ith.uit going into detail again witii the various varieties, it was found that co\ering the whole experiment a net increase of approximately two poumls per individual cabbage was figured in favor of the treated cabbages over those left untreated. Quicker maturity of the treated plants also resulted. The ?2R^ri2 ililutfil inixtnri-. did nut li.inn ;iny cali- li:i;;c. iim uvi-ii th.i^c in tin- -iccil hi'il ulu'u tu-.ilcil uliiU- yrnvviii!,'. l)i|)|)eil plain-; at traiiNpiaiitiil;; uitl- appari'tlt- ly cht'ckcil simu'wiiat, but in tile main MiruvnI. 'IMh- I'Liys wtTf nut aliectfil t)> trcatnunl \. In a lari;i. turnip liclil (.■xpiM-iiiK'nt pcrltirineii at A^'assiz tv\n sif,'nificant puints appear tu liavt liecn (luiiionstraleil. (li 'I'lu- net results, in \\eii,'llts ol' turnips liarvcsled uii e()llal pnipurtitms of an acre Inmi niDts trcat- ecl with sulntiiins of kerosene and car- liidic cimilsiiin^ n\er untreated routs, dfi not warrant the time l.-ilior or ex peiise of |ii|iiid treatment of the roots. (2) That tliiiil) seedecl rows possess more e^'ys and inaj^^^ots per root than tliickly seeded rows, and that the pro- cess of "thinning;" the roots in the row again redu-es tile infestation per indi- vidual. Coiiseipiently from the past siimnier's experience it wonld seem ad- \isalde to seed heavily, roiifihly (>0-Wi I'lants to the lineal foot, and follow this Ity "thitinin;.;;" in the month of June. Experiments performed liy others in the past have indicated tli.it ;^a)od suc- cess may follow the use of thin felt paper tarred discs placed romul the necks of cauliflowers and cahhaRes flush to the ground; that rarlishes may be screened atiainst the fly, that the old c.aliliaj^c stalks and refuse left around the fiehl had best be destroyed as soon .'IS the croo is harvested, an place" near the plants in the evening, many cut ivorms will suffer from the effects of the arsenic. The Onion Maggot. (Phorbi.'i cepetorup.i. .\lea le) Is a species very similar to the cali- bafje maf^r.iint iti characteristics and ha- bits atui can be controlled the same way. with the achlition tliat affected plants can be pulled up whenever seen dnriny: the season. Lll\ Ic.l