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KOHEBT IlKI.I ! I

tVEY OF*OANADA

C()r<rTRIBXJTiOT^S

CANADIAN PAL^ONTOtOGY

PART II. ON VHRTF.BRArA OF THU MI1>CRKTACF/)IIS
OF THE NORTH WFST THKRITORY

HK.NRY FAIRFIELD OSRoUN,
VerUiraf HalmiutnlogUt ( Uutuirary ) ' ■ '

AKD

lAWBBNCE M. I.AM UK,

1 -DnmHOTITE OmABACTBEB OT THE MnWEftTAOlOXm tAIHIA.
D; IlasBT F*iiiriii.D OsHORi)

2.-ICBW ftBmau AMD sraoiBS Twau va bbu.y eivbe bbmm

dnD^CBETAOBOUB).

By Law«M0( M. hxnn.

OTl AWA

K NT !■ K I N T ' -
Skttwidbr llli .

NiltCN-.

Bhm.ioth;c. ;

GEOLOGTOAL SURVEY ..F CANADA

CONTRIBUTIONS

CANADIAN PALJ:0NT0L0G1

VOLUME III (Q^„.rto).

I

K,r/.A ,"^.^"^ FAIRFIELD OHBORN,

AMD

r-AWHENCK M. LAMIIR. W/^

^»*i*tant I'alinmtotogut.

l-DISTIKCTIV. CHABXCTEBS OP THE WDOmxcoUB TAUK^

«y IUnHV FAlKflELD OSBORN.

Zu^Srt^oSf'"' "'"« "= '^^'^ «»VBK SEEIK-
By I.*w»«!«c«; M. Immhe.

OTTAWA

•^OVKKNMKNT .-K . .NT . .V .; .h-RKau

i^KPTKIIUlR 1902

No. »T4.

Tht' prewul report, o V > i-bMU from thu Mid-Cretu. wiui rcMkn of thi- Norih-wnl
Territory of Canada, formi the m-cond part of a " aeriea ..f doacripiire ami iUuktratod
quarto inamoin " began in 18!U.

The Hrit part, by the late Profwiwor E. 1) Cope, in on "The iiH-oii-a from tho
Oligfxi'nii or Lower Mio<eiic bedn of the Cyprena Hilla".

The pnbliralion of a contomplati-d nerond purt on the Veitebratuof the I^aramic
formation of ( ho North-weit Territory, alwi by ProfeaHor Cope, wa« prevented by bia death
in l«it7.

The Survey ia deeply indebted to Profoaaor Henry Fairfield f)»born, Curator of
the Department of Vortebrati- Palirontolosfy of the American Muaeum of Natural
Hiatory, New York, for having kindly conaented, at the rwiueat of the late Dr. Oeorge M.
Uawaon, to auperviae the working up of the vertebrate fooaila in ita poaseaaion. Thia
•aiiatanre haa been given quite gratuitoualy by Profeaaor Oiiborn, who, beaidea having
twice viaited Ottawa in Ihia connection, baa alao devoted some lim • to the conaideration
of the more general geological and paltcontological relationa of aome of theae ioaaila, aa
act forth in hia introduction.

In the preparation of the present report Mr. Lambe ha»i had the advice and Hupur-

Tiaion of Profoaaor Oabom.

KOBEUT BELL

Oeoixxiical Survey Dkpaktment,

Ottawa, 30th July, 1902.

iO*«

<;K()r.()(iH\\i- slIl{VK^ ok canada.

I-DISTINITIVH ClIAKACTI-KS ()|- TIIH MlD-CKIirACHOl S TAINA.

BY

IIENRV FAIUUKMt ti.SIMUCN

wa^3

I Oo»

GKOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA

1.— DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF THE MID-CRETACEoUS KAINA

By Henhv Faiufiki.1i (>siii>nN

The detormiiiatioii by thi- Caiiadiiin Survey of a Mid-Crelarc>..ns and Irosh-water
fauna, including Kshcs, batrachians. reptilos and miimiiials, is a forward t-ti-p of great
importanre in vertebrate palii'oiitolotry.

The Survey had established beyond (luestioii, treoloprically, that the li.'lly River series
is Mid-Cretaceous, that it underlies the Montana or Ft. l'ierr«-Foi Hills group, and over-
lies the Ft. Benton and Dakota groups ; * and at the outset of the pahi-ontologic al investi-
gations for this report, the question arose, what stairi-s of vertebrate involution arr repre-
sented by the Belly River fauna?

It soon app<'an'd to the writer in the study of the fine eollertion made by Mr. Lanibe
that the Belly River vertebrates of the North-wi-st Territory were of decidedly ditferent
and rt7(/wre«W,v of older type than those from the Laramie beds of Converse co., Wyoming,
described by Marsh, and were rather to be compared with those described by l.eidy,
Cope and Marsh, from Montana, chiefly from the Juditli River beds, a ngion by no
means distant geographically.

Thus the correlation between the Belly River .ind .Tudith River series, proposed by
the late Director, Dr. (r. M. Dawson, in 1S75, at first sriance appeared to be conlirmed
fauuistically. But this correlation is not supporti'd l)y the geological records, which all
place the .Tudith River beds proper above the Fox Hills and Fort Pii-rre.

To present the evidence for and against the Mid-Cretaceous age of some of the
Montana fossils already known, to show the need of closer examination of the geology
and closer comparison of types, and to outline the gi'Ueral characteristics of this fauna,
are the ihief objeits of this introduction. Xoii s^eologiu sine /laliroiitologia : in other words,
no fannal work will endure which is not liiised on stratigraphical work.

1. ('tEoui(nr.\i, Relations.

Amoncr geolocists of the United ."^lates then' has ni'ver been any question as to the
Laramie or Upi>er Cretaceous age of the typical .Tudith River beds. In 1S77. Cope
referred the .Tudith River formation of Meek and Hayden to the Cretaceous. In IHH", he

■ The liistDry of this wcirk is (irearnli-il l.y Mr. Laiiil^' in thf siiiiml |iiirt nf this iiii'iiiuir.

L vert..brat..s w-r- nimilar t.. hos- ol th.; '^"»';- \*^,'^^ j^, j^ti^.te relation
vi..w : ■• What .iven this (BoUy Hiver) '''^-''t'- "Xr/he" wllu-mariue formations
of its fauna and llora to thos. of the Laramie. ''>'''"«f .*;''"* grated by a great thi.knoss
are.iu the district within whi.h both are known »» .^^ ' •^P^^'^^'' ^J^^^ p„eos the
of stnua whi..h are "-"J^^tr ^'t "r:"'; n. i! dTaTl the Hteratul of the.e
Judith Uiver beds '•-» /'•'■^»»- ; J ^j^'^;;^^^^^^ strata may perhaps repro-

^:;;i^lih:;l:.^"r^i " 0^^;--' -^-on and not the true Laramie of
Colorado and Wyoming. , . «

to the Laramie, really belonged to the liUly Kn «' j^ f j^e U.-Uy Uiver

the Ft Pierre beds, in Sweet-grass .ounty, Missouri.

luthoreeordsastheystand,*^^..;--^^^^

described from Montana may be of Kelly River age.

Neither in the writings of Cope nor Marsh ^^ ;:;^Z:t:^'^^l^
Montana vert. Wes^eofdiJ^^^.^^ ,„, ,, ,.

Utost contributions **** to t»J« ^^'^J^'' „„„ of priority of nomenclature rather

sed as of the same a«e, and as >[ ^^^ ^; ^ ^^ J^^.^^,, ,J ti^e Marsh (op. cit., p. 14.".)

U.a„ 800 miles .lon« 'l^^'*™; ;^''^;;,,,'':,,ll:7„„;,i„i„g then, have been called the CeraU.p bcR
,,j. „.„,ains of these rept.les, and 'H^^^l^'J^Jm a part of the socalled I.ra.nio, but are l.elow the
They are fre«h-wat«r or brack.sh .leposits ^^.ch "-m p _^ _^^^_^.^^ ^^^ ^^.^^

..„,Lo.t bed, referred - ";»^^^-^- /^^ ^ZL^^C The Lt im^rtant WaUtie^ in the

— :rriX^::::^^^"-rtr:ir.an::rL=n^^^^^

' . u's. ,;«>1..«U»1 Survey, lorrrl.ti,.,, l-a,...-, rr..la.e<m», '»;»'• ''y"'*..^, ^„„ ., v„l. X.WU, p. •.'39.
Mar»li. '■• l>inowini« <.f North America," lS9r>.

m^

lOoac

wtme depoiit*. Numerous ainall laainiiials, »lso of ancient types, n few birdH, iinil many tUhcs, ari' like-
wise entombed in this t'ni'inatiun. Invertebrate fossils and plants are not uiicoinnion in the sudic littri/on
(p. '-'OS). Ilesides tliese there wire still others rol»te<l to the .lurnssii: SteKosiiurs, iimon;.' them the
Xodnaanridir, >|uailrupe<lal forms lieavy dermal iirnior."

These quotations show that the mariui', i're^h-Wiitor and terrestrial fiiuiiii, lishes,
|)le8io8aur8, as well as stefrosaurs were ull iiirlnded by Mursh in the Laniinie lliuna of the
"CiTiitops Beds" in general, which name, in Jai't. he assi<;ned from thi- Mnniana type,
Cerdtiijis montanus. The eastern Wyomiiiij (Conversi' eounty, wlnre the -rreat ■olledion
(if Trirerdlopn skulls was made l>y II atelier), the westi'rn Wynniiiit!- (liilter I'reek) Lariimie
(where Agnthaumaf, Cope, was found), the Colorado (Denver beds, where Po/i/nnnj-.
Cope and Cenito/is altitoruis were found), and the Montana (.Imlith Kiver and snpp<ised
Fort Uuion), are all treated by this author as of the same age, niiinely, I'pper Cretaceous.

The confusion has bi'en rendered greater in the early referenees of some of the Mon-
tana fossils to the ForC Union beih. A year after Cope's oriiiinal desniption of his " Fori
Union" eolleition he transferred them to the Judith liiver. in his paper on the "Ueology
of the Judith River beds." The F"t. Onion beds havi- been eonsideieil late Cretaceous or
on the border land between Cretaceous and Tertiary. In lH74-r), (i. M. Dawson published
Eeveral papers expressing the opinion that they are Eoei-ne. L. F. Ward referred the F't.
Union beds to the Uppi'r Laramie, from its flora ; on the same ground Xewborry placed
it above the Lararnie in the Tertiary. Quite recently Mr. F^arl Douglas has made the
very fortuniite discovery in these beds of basal Eocene mammals of I'uerco (Thaiietien
Montien) age. The reference of Montana dinosaurs to Fort ITuion beds is, therefore, an
error.

It remains to Se determined, therefore, whether all the lossils recorded from Montana
are actually from Judith River beds, oi whether a portion at least of the beds described
and collected in as "Judith River " are not older than the Laramie.

Pkovisiokal Correlation

Fresh-water i Paakapoo'.

' (No ilinosnurs

Itrackish A fresh water.

Edmonton.

Ft. Union-.

Ijiramie A .ludith Triceiatops Torosaiirus,

Kiver. Orvntosaiirlls, ( >rnitlinmimus.

Marine

f ; Pierre Fox Fox Hills,

( i Hills group. Foit Piern

Fresh and brackish water. . ] Belly Uiver.
Sandy clays and sandstones. 910 feet.

Montana exposures Stereoceplnilus, .Monoeionius.

in part. Cenitops, Tniehoclon, l>ein*slon,

(Niobrara). Ornitlmrnimus, ('omiwpinys,

Ptil»Mlus.

Ft. Heiiton.

Ft. Benton.
Dakota.

Rejianletl by Tyrrell «s the Ike^iiininK of tho Tvrtiary.
MiuiiMiiiU i>f Huereo tyiH* tlisfovcreil by IKjiiyliis iu lltol .

10

•2. FAtlNAt. Charactkiih,

Tho Bi-Uy River or Mid-("ri-tii<i'ous fuuus U distiiiffnished from that of t'm^ Upper
.Iuras.-.i. (C.)iiio lioils, rurb.>.kieii) l.y llu> entiro abs.nco of Sauropodii »iid by the pr.'Hon.e of
C.ratopsiii in gr-at varictv. It is affiliated with that of the .TuraHsic, and »o far as we
know separatiHl from that of tho Laramio by the presence of highly spooialized Stego-
Kiuiia or plated dinosaurs* by numer. .us turtles of the Jurassic family PlfurosterniJo.
and Viy numerous large I'lesiosaurs.

SuinmarizinR the table and with allowance tor the prcvisioual character of many of
the d.'teiminatious and of our incomplete faunal list, it appears that the (i) Mclly River,
(li) Judith River and other beds erroneously referred to " l-'ort Union " of Moutantt, (iii)
Laruiuie ol' Wvominir and ('dorado are related as follows:

Total iiuinbur Ooininon to
of species Helly Kiver iinil
named. Montana.

Kislies S 3 -pccie^

liiUiachiii •'■> •

1M('!;it»saurin 4

T.itudinala !•"' .. ') "

llhynchocrpliiilla . . 4

I.Nicertilia -^ -

Ophidia 1

Cnjcudilift - -

Megalosauria IT -' genera.

! !>tej<o»aur!^ 5 1 genua.

Tguanodontia 16 1

Ceratopsia 2'J 1

Common to
.luilith liivcr
and Ijarumie.

1 species.

. 2 genera.
.1 1 genus.

..? 1

It should be clearly stated that our knowledge is so inaccurate as to rob this compa-
rison of much permanent value.

There is thus very little in commou between the Belly River fauna and the Laramie
iMunaof Wyoming and Colorado so far as described, except the dinosaur Orni</ioiBi»n«s
and the very persistent chelonian Baena. Most of the dinosaurs will probably be found
to be separated ^'euerically.

On the other hand, so far as known, the Montana fauna has much in common with
the lielly RiviT, espe. iaily among the Testudinata, Iguanodpntia and Ceratopsia.

In the following table, which has been compiled with the aid of Mr. Lambe and
llr. (>. r. Hay, the geological and geographical references are those given by the authors.
LMv's early references to the "lignite of Nebraska" are to territory now included in Dakota
and Montana. In the second column are animals specified as in " Judith River beds " ; in
the third those entered as " Fort Union" or Laramie of Montana, largely Judith River no

niilv |,iibli»li.'<li->iibi"-i' "f KIW"

III til

■ I.;inniiii. ..f Wymiiiiig mid (■..lciri«lii i« tlie Umtli of /'.i/-ro«-mfu>.

lOo*

u

donbt. In tue f'<arth column, the Moreau liirerreirioii of Dakota. In thi- lil'th, Wyoiiiiii!;.
Converse vo. and Bitter Creek. In the Bixth, the Colorado Laramie. In the Keventh, Ihr
Edmonton bedn of Alberta, which correspond with the true Lnramie.

8. DI8TI IBUTION OF L.4ND AND FbESH-WATEB CbETACEOUX VKBTEBIlATEf IN TllK WesT *

OmitliHg Laramie Mamruils

SiKfiow.

^ I

1 e

1

Myi«daphu8 bipariitu^^ Cupe .
Mylt>yncUhH9 princug, Leidy. .
Iledrowhus »tertibergi^ Cupe .
CeraU)du$ hieroglypfniH^ *' .,

Acijteruer atbertefuiH, Laulie *

Lepidoiua{Lepido8t^Mti)occidenUUu,lje!ii\y. ♦

Hh\neast€8{C€raioduB)erHcift!rtis^Co\)e^ sp. *

Diphyndua longiroBtris^ Lambe

BiUrachia.

Scapfterjiftun tectum^ Co|k;. . . .

" latico/le^ *'

" fi.rcibum, " ....

" J'aviwuui, " .

Itemitrypux jordaniamm, ( \t\n:.

Rpptilw.

Plenionar via.
CimofiasauruH i;<a^nM^, Lcidy .
yoUto$anroptf occidniu, *'
Inchyrosatn-tm autufus, '*
Urufuiutttf ceti/onnis, Co|>e

O #

- 3 * -

■ ThJK tablp, tmliittt to futun- r«vi»inii. ir. nf (In- iiaturf nf ut) .uithwr't* Ii>i iiiui incliid. s nil ^ih-oo naimtl.

IS

Hpecieii.

Chelonia.
TVumyx fuveeUua^ Leitly

" tvtr/arur, Cope

PlfMtomennii ( Trionyx) eoalMcena, Cope
Pt(uU»n«nttti coHtatu^t Cope

" piiHCtutntuit, Cope

" innit/nw, Cope

didocuii lirteulahis^ Cope

AdocuM (Ba»Ufmy«f Hay) variolotut^ Cope,

sp.

Vompsemys intbricarius^ Cope .

" <>ic<iM, Leidy

" obneuruSf Leidy . .
Volyihorax miMurKrutjf, Cope .

Baena ftatcheri, Uay

" aniiqtfMt Lambe

NeurankyluA eximius, Lambe.

Rhynchocephal ut.

CitaiupsoMuruSy projwtuln.% Copo

" anitectetiiif " . . . ,

'* hrevicolliit^ " . . . ,

** vaccinnUensiii, Cope...

Lticertilia *{• Incfrttr Sfditi.

Iffuanavtis terfu^ Marsh

Ttoodon JomuMiin, Leidy

Paronychodon lacustrw. Cope

yiapMlui ahradeng. Cope

ClMMopH neynin^ Marsh

X

S

f

I

.1.8

I*

11

i

5

I a

0«'

II

Hpecirs.

t

3

Of*hidia.
Conioftfti* yrecudftu, Marsh

Crocodilia.

Cnyo(lUn$ huinilin, Ixidy

Bottatanrua /)erfUfjoinni, Cope

Mugaiouauria : ■ Thtropoda,
Deinodon ftorndutf Leidy

" (Aubli/Mdon) lalcraliH, Copu .

" explanatuf^ Cope . ,

" falcHiug, "

" Aacsniamitf, '*

'• eriiti^Aut, "

** latf\frtmtit "

Omiffi omimidtr.
Auhlysodon mirawluH^ Li'idy

" crittattMf Marsh

" ampliu, '*

OmUhomintut vJojc^ "

'* lennin, "

•' fftvtndiM^ " .....

" uederu, "

•' minutngj "

" allust Lanibe

Sf4go»auria,

i Muoseincua eostatus, Leidy

•' latua, Marsh

** (ujter, XjAmbe

i

'£
■S
1

\i il

n

i...

u

8|iocii!i.

Trirfirato/ts horriduit^
" serratnit

•* elatus, ■•

" ceUieornis, Marsh

Slf.rrfuiiojtitas JlohfUatui^ "

•5

8

5<«/o«iM rirt— Con.

yodomiurut tfJctUUf MiirHh

Ster«uceph<ilH$ luluii, Lamlte

J^/Aaunuiii 9jflrr$trt^ Cope

f'ofponax mnrtttariuf, '*

Djfugnnttn ettcatishi* "

" Aay(iariianu« "

" bicnrittatit*, **

" ywi^ntw, '

Monoctonins troHSus^ "

** recurvicontvt, **

" HjfhenocerHH, '*

*' fis»n9^ **

'* dau-$oniy lAmbo *

*• eaiiadi'tiiti* '*

belli, "

C^'Totopa montannn, Marsh

'* nfticotnin *'

I

8

lOo*

IS

Hpcrim.

I

X

■S
1

3

91

8
1

if

if

.i
1.

( '«ratopiiia — l*on .

i

TorotattrtiM ylfuiins, Mtintli . • . ■

♦ ■

' • \

: . :,.. J ! ...;

Stejfiteems iHMfuiun, Laoitie

, 1

! ' ' 11

Ignaftclontia . Omithnfityltt.

' ' i i 1

*

1 . 1

TlMnpfniuu oecUlfntaiist **

«

^ ! *

'

" MffnopMin, *'

DicUmitu ptniagonuM^ Cope

* ,

] 1 . . . .

!

...

" jmrangulatHSf "

♦

Cfaotanru* ovt/w,** "

" annfctenn^ "

*

....

Trachoflon ( Pt^rop^lyx ) mtlnwiif Ijftnibe. .

*

[

" '* tiMryinaiUJf, '' . . : *

" " 'iitidt'm, " • i *

- 1
AvM. 1

*

" retumi$y "

«

Mammalia.

t

♦

1

1

t

1

*ThiB ni»y be ui ipiMHMloDt.

**The typtt uf the Kenus CVooAiiirHn ih fniiii thr Mid-CrecaceouH, PbTaiitidon lifdM.

It

4. UKNRIUt. KeI.AIIoNH of THE KaI'MA. *
KINIIKX.

Thi' fiiihcii iiirln<li- truly mAriiK' tu> well no liiackiMli and fn-nh-watcr typ«a, and ni
all nl' Mnnliiiii niiJ AII-tiii ri'l'i'm

M/)liUiifihif «n<l Miilif^iiiilhiiii. iii'i' iiiariiii' Hhnrki', iiu|>|>oiii'dly ri'lalml lo th>> iikmUm
('hiiiiii'rnidH (ll<>li><'i'|>liala) ; llnlrnmku* ttnithrmi (" l-'ort riiiiin." Mniitiiiiu) Ik Niinllarl
ri'lerri'd by Hr. liny, nlthouvh with iiimh doubt. Two Npwii'H of ]>i|iuoaiiN, Ctrnlmit
hirrogltilihiif nwX C. {Ilhiinii»lf>) erxcilirHs Ati' hIho fniiii thi' Moiilaiiii and llflly Ulvi
lii'ils. The Kluriri'oiiK iir>' Noin-'whiit ilimhtl'ully n-prfwiid-d in llu- ni'W i(i>ciii-ii Ari/irMi
iilherlnanis fmni Ihi- lli'lly Rivi-r . lliis iniiy provi- l<>b<' niiiriT Lf/iiilondiHt, ii t{i>nuH whir
in I'l-rlai ,y rcpreNfriti'd in (hi' WiVofMO ii<'i'i>/«m/>(/m III' Li'idy, (.ludilh and lUtlly Kivi'i

Tnn Ti'liitionohipii of ihi" new ^-iinM und Hinvii-a £)i/iA.yiN/«ji hmgirintfit art' iMitirel
probli'inatii'ul.

IIATBAOHIA

Copt' haa di'irriln-d live xpi'i'ioa of bntrni'hia, all from the .Tndith Rivor ln-dN, bi-loni
inK lo thi' two Urodi'li' gi'uerii Sfii/i'itrpelon nud Hemilritpiis, of doubtful family n-latioi
Nhip. (>ni> NiM'i'it'a •''<. Ifclum haH boi-n di'termined by Mr I.iumlH> in the lli'lly Kiver.

No Imtrai hianii iir<' rerordiil from the WyowinR Liramie.

RKPTIUA.

Pt,E9T0.<AtKS. Numi'rous vorti'brir of a largi- plcaioaaur from the Belly River a
provisionally ri'ferred to the New Jersey species CimtUataurut magHui, Leidy. Fro:
Morean river. South Dakota, I>'idy has described two I'lesiosaurs, Nuthotauropt occitiw
and Inchf/rniaurui /m/i//UM» ; whether these bed" are of Itelly Kirer iige or more reeent
not known. Uronaulr* i-etiformit. Cope is another plesiosunr from the Judith River.

CnEix>NU. Turtlesof ihi'snb-order 7Vioii.vc/ii« are abundant. Onesperies, Tnodi
foreiilus, is lon- .ion to the Judith and Belly River wrieK ; another, T. vagnnt, to the Bel
Ulver and supposed " Ft. Union " beds.

Thre? other speiies, Pliittiimrnus costaliif, P. ronlesrenn and P. piim-lulatus have bei
named Im Coix'. the first two from the Laramie of the "badlands" south ofWoi
Mountain, Assiniboia, th' third ironi Ihr supposed " Kt. Union " (Judith River) of Moi
ana. Dr. Hay observes .hut it is not unlikely that P. roale*ceiu is a synonym of TrioH\
ragnnt ; P- lontatun ami /'. punetiiliitiisi are also more likely to lielong lo Trioaji. Pk
lumenus is distinctively an Ko<'ene genus.

The order CkYPTODIBa is it'presented by larire swamp turtles related to the D rmaletn
ilitlir, but lu'lonifiuff to the family AilocUht . these are Adociis Hneolatus, {lo\w, A. (Basi/em
or " royal turtle ", Hay) rurioUnut, and A. {Biisilemi/s) imhricarius ; the royal turtle is ve
larsre and elaboritely sculptured. It is iraportnut to note that the two speeies lii
named are found both in the Belly River and in Montaim (? " Ft. Union " ), testifying
the Mid-Cretaci'ous age of the latter. The preseme of numerous speeies of the Jurast

•Tti»' writt-r i* •■
oh ttif -jHU'n.ftti'

-iiiUy iiiilel)!,^ to llr. I> P. Hity "f 'I'll'- .\n)eric»ii .Muiwiiiii for vuliialih' Duti-N, critiriMiiii* iml itiiKfri'iiti

of till- ititriMliK-tion.

lO«ai

17

.tiiiily I'ltMrntlirKiJii (order l'i.Kl'ii"i>lK* or AMI■llU'HKl.^ i>i v) Ih aiinilur (linliiii'livi'ly
Kllrii'iit ('■•iitllti' ollhio riiuilii ; IVVii ..I iIum'. iw/ofw//* ciV/io iiiid r nh'-nnit, Liidy, iifi'
«|i-M'rilH<l Irom Minitimu. A third iiifiiilci ilif (tumc rainily, Hiinni Imirlirri. m ih.Im-
worlhy "» till' imly i>iM'-ic>i ul' viTl>'l>raii' ilui.'. I.ir re. ordr I wlmh i» . i.iiiiniin Ui Imtli itii-
ltrlly llivor luiil Lnri>iiii'' A loiirili iii'W diMTii'B /( ((»«/<7«(/ In di»i riUi'il \t»u\ llio Tn-lly
KiviT. I'ltli/lhitriu- iiiin*nrirMsis trolii MoritiifiM l« ul»<> rli-rn'd l>y lla\ l.iilif I'h umth mi-
ilii. Mr. l<aiulH< propoM'H thu lU'W u;''iiu» uml »i)ciii>,. .\khi-iihI.»iih •xiuiiu*, u \\i-\\ ihi'lydrnid
turlli', diitinituwhiKl by ii mipiriiHiUfrury . o»i:il

ItllVNCIKK'Kl'HAI.IA t"A«m/;.<i>»«»c«,» iirionliiiu lii('i>|ii' 1^ r.'pr' .m'IiIi il Ky lixf >ih i i.>
iti iho Judith Kivfi.oui' ol whh h, V. auHnlru* \s :iUo dit,riuiiifd ill th' It.Uy Kimt Ah
l'o|M' hiw iduiitihiKl thlM i^uiiiik in Ihr husul Kim fui', it i> imt dislimlivi' as lo im.'

liACkliTIMA or SrKtli'SAlIRlA 'I'hi' Miui|ilu..'a Inoth liailK'd TiiiinliiH hirmiKiif hy |,. '
i» roiiiiiioii to thi- llt'liy UiviT and Judith Hivi-r bidn it i^ unnrtuiii « hcthri lhi> i- m
liziiru or ■ ►.tt'jfMaur, probably thf loruur /'m/i/ixi i'hcmi <iuM/«>, l.i'idy, i« ul»o ■nmiiioii In
the Judith aud Uidly Uivor Mfricii. A iliMiriy distinct hpi'i u-n i» t'.iia/ir:-, Imm\ii; Irom ilif
llt'liy River. It i* iiuixirlaut to determine di-liniteiy \vhi>lh>r ih.-v aniuiuis are Laeertiliu
or SitegOHuuria. ''

Another sculptured twith, /i.'M"«'H'»» ''■'■'■■<. i" de». ribed l)y Miir^U Irom th.' Laramie
uud referred to the /«•«««('</«. The Kami' author hiiti nann-d I'almisi iiiini lulus Irom the
Uirumie, uud placed Puluotiiuiits anion); the Steijosauria.

CHuconililA. The speiieH Cfixnitilus huniilHs of the Judith UivcT i> provihionully
identified oy Mr Lumbe in the Ilelly River. These bedii mibo contain anolhc^r Monliiria
erotwlile, Bntl><M»rii» /iti ruffosas, I'ojk

IIIMimAITRIA: StkciohaituIA. As Ntated aliove, the prwuce ni Slr!:osiiuriii IM an
ancient eharacl eristic;. Marsh (oi). cit., p. :i4i) hiw relcrnd the i."'nu.s I'ltlnn-iiini h> to this
order, l-rom the " Middle Cretaceous of ".Vyoniing ", Marsh determined the ; iv'gosaur
yixloMuruH (op. cit., p. 2^;'i).

Probably allic^d lo this is the reinarkalilc' animal. Slinoieiilinlm litlui, disc overed by
Mr. Lambe in the Belly Uiver series, with solid skull armature aud a rinj,' c.f poslcrauial
pointed ossicles.

No evidence of Stejrosaurill, with the possible exception of /'.(/.(-,«/»,««, has I n

rtH'ordi'd from the Wyoming l-aramie, I'pper Cretaceous.

DlNosAfRlA ; (TitEBOPoDA) Me<iai.cis\uria, family i/cir<iA'«i«"'/". The carnivorous
dinosaurs and their collateral families will probably h- -rrcatly c-lucidaicd by the separa-
lion of the Mid- from the Upper Cretaceous types. Among the former the t,'encr:i DiuioiIoh
aud AubhimitUiH, Li>idy and Or»iiMc>/«(m«.«. Marsh, all Montana types, deserve lirst mention.

After Marsh had substituted the num.- Drmitosounis for the pn^,, lupied name
Liilap» (vehic-h Cope had employc^d for an Upper Cretaceous of New Jersey Carnivore) it
was generally supposed that all large- Cretaceous carnivores should be referred to Marsh's
genus. If, however, the large Judiih Uiver type, which has its c cuiiterpar: in the r.>l!y
kiver, is Mid-Cretttctous, it is in all probability ireuerically distin. t and Lfidys name

IH

Dtimwltm nhnttlil b<> iipplicU tii It * Thi* ii»mi' whm mn'tiri'ly fimniliHl on ini>t(iiliM>aur{
t»i>ih. anil th'W llrxl iiii>nli'>iiiMl ni iNith I^'iily'x ili'mritiltoiiK uml lirNt liiruritl iu
nii'moir on ihi- Jilitith l{i\<r virl.'bnilfK inu»i Im' n'trurili'il hk vuliil lyi«'« irri'HiHH'tivc
thi> lollowinK I'lii't*: (ll ihiit L-lily i'X|>ri'»»-il mimh- iiui'Thtinly m Io \\i» Hi'imriilioti
DriMimliiH li'oin thi' Jur.ixxir Krnuii iV> i/h/iU'imcix. (-.') ihui hi' ii»i>iiriitii'il with thi* typi>i
iiuinlii-r III' Uriri' mTralf iui i>.or Iim'IIi, iruuiati' imNti'riorly. whirh priilmlily (o'lonK ^'
DtimnltiH. (II) uUo nmiiUn iiiin-M-rnili' ii'i'tli, aino Iriunatii [Nwti'rmrly, whd'h ii'rluiiily
nut Ih>Iuii|; with lU'inmlon. (4) that h'' KubiiiM|Ui'ntly «ili>rti>(l ihn two laltiT (3 aud H)
lh»' tyiM'n ot Auhli/tiuiim.

Thi' Crvln' i'OUm luriiivoniuii liimmutit <>r iIk' .ludilli Kivrr Im'iU ithouli', thi'ri't'ori'.
n^inii'd lirtDoiluM W-\i>yi\t\\\\t to Ihii in iIk' ty;><' ii|M><'ii'ii li. hitrriilm, Lcidy ; probjilily a
ihi' mii-'ii's D.iritlnlut. ('i>|i • and IJ. I,i nffum. ('"i)', Ironi Muntunii. To Ihi^iilinumriit,
ihi' olhi>r hand, iH'Idiijjn ihi' turtre I'lipi'r l'ri'l»< t>ouit • arnivon' D. iMrriijuwdt*, ('i>im<, I'rc
thi' KdmoniDii ~.'iii'« ol' Alli.rta.

I'uni.iy UrHilliiiihimii/ii Mr LunilH'NiUiiiivi'ry <>t mlditinnal rrniaiDii ot Oinithnmiii
in Ih" lli'lly Uivrr wrii-s, u* ri'pr.'wutiMl liy a vi-ry lar'jf now dpi'iii'ii, in otarfui intiTt
Mr Ilati hiT kLiIi'n lh;il hi' I'liaml MurNh's typi- of thli i;rnuii, i onitiNtinir ot > toot uni
|Mirtiun ul' a liiuli. "M Cow ihland, Miit*iunri riviT. at a li'V"! whi'h hi' i'iiiinuti-« t'n
lAiX) III ItiilO IV'i-t Ix'low the oiimniit ol' thi- .Imlitli lkivt>r h<'da, and 'lOO tu )!iMl IVi>t buli
.11' K'Vi'l of Mafhll ■< tyiw of <'fftilii/is mniiltiHii)

OfHilhomimui iiltut i» probaliiy a »n>'<'i'KMir oi a <''>niiNiraiivuly Hmalland liirhtly bv
dino!>aur r.'ii'Uily disiovornd by thi- Anu'riian MunKUin partii-n in ihi- Conio b'd»
Wyoiiiinnf.** Thin I'pp.T .luiussic animal nu-asun-H 7 fi'i-i 4 inohi'H from thi' tip of
prumaxiilarii'M to the tip of iin tail. I'i>timuti>d by the lomparutiru Ni/n of itNUii".t|M>(l<
tho Mid-('ri>tu<'i'ouN O.iiliua wan J'J Iri't in length with uu i-xtremi'ly long and »li'iu
tail. Thf I'ntire abw'ni I' ol viTtiiul ^piul'l) or nunraiKiphyiitiN in tho mid-i)urtiou of t
tail indii'uti'K that it wasoxilunivrly trrn-Ntrial iu its habiiN and adapti'd to viTy ..i|
running. The rt'Mi'inblunri' to its .lurooai' aixi'stor i!> I'itpi'rially nlrikiug iu thu irri-a
iiionijfuti'd /y^fapophysi'B of the laudal verlrbrji' whii'h reiilai r the ui'urul Npini'ii aud
til" lateral i'ompri'.sHion of thi' I •■rminul phalangi'N of the mauu>. OfHithiimimut \» m<
proirresnive than ith .>nppo.<ieil aneeHior, iu the development of eursorial rather th
prehensile phaliinifi's in the pe.s, lhe»<' eli'iui'iiis havinu' nearly lo.si ilie rueurvtil megii
>aiiroid Dtrueture.

The teelh of thi.'^ '.^eiius are not kiiowu . but eompariaon with its .Iiiras.sii proloty
!?iveg ground for believinir. a» suvifesled by Mr. Lanibe, thai the NUialler teeth deseril;
by I-eidy a.-. Auhtysmtiiu may beloiiir in the anterior part of the jaw ; this geiiuit, howev
is by some I'ounidered invalid beeaiiHe bitsed in part upon teeth beloiisfinir properly
DeiModiiii.

UlNos.\i'KtA : (OUNlriloi'uD.i) Iouanoix).nti,v. One of the dLsiinguishiuu- featu
;>! the Belly River fauna in the great number and vaiii'ty of the IguanodonU. Of I

• l>r. II. I'. ll:iv l.ViiuT. li.-iili.jji.i, xxiv, IS'HP, p. :llti)i. .,f ili, ,i|iiiii..n thai ^^„^,■ «;i.
IliUill- Ih iutnttiti.

" It Hilt shortly Im i|. Nt lil.4.1 l.\ tllf plcn^'tit wl-iUT Ul ;i >mtlL-tili <.I Ilif .\lmlir.ili .Miimi-iui

jii'-uii'il in ri-jt*i till;;

lOea

«.'li.rl.' • iyp«ii»»lln«. .iiiim»l» Ttnrhuduh minhili!; \.,h\y {\i*y>) in .\\\tU[ .{iv.-r. 7».«/'«^.
tiHtmriiltHMh. Irf'i.ly( I ">■«")•» frirtn '"*»''iiiiiillylh.«nmi'li.>ri/MM illnei li.i) in M-.iilrim-
r/imMKi-wj iiuiVk, Miir»li (I^'-JIU from ili.- Mi.H'rrl». .on. I'liMiioilnti Im^.U (('..I.um.Ii.
wrifK, i.roUMy mor.' iifaily .iiniviili'iil !■. ILlh Ifivir), i ,„m>:'uH. <'i>|h> (I-; 1). ''iilonul.. ;
£>i'7i.m«». Ci)!).. (I'T'l) , I'ltiDiiflH-t. <'i>|"- (IHWi) In.m i'ow hIuikI. »i» \a\\>s Ih-Ic.w Ihr
mouth of Ih.- .Iu.liili riv.T, (HuI'Ii.t) M..ntiiii.i , liimllv l'l,i,>rh,,H,l,M>. ('o|>.' (IH'.ti)
firiinli'U l>y ihix author in> oih- hI iIm' Ag<iHt»itmi'l; . by llm. hnr (o|'. m.. (•. '•>»;:) n* mi
iguiiiioUoMi,

< If uiuloubiwl ITpiM'r t'r»'li»i "'oiix iiarc i« Hin/roiiiiinit fnuHii. I.''iil\ (N.'w .I.t^hv)

The <npaniiioii oi Mi"l- from I ppi'i Cr.tin iou» ijiiiiiio<loiii» will, il ilirm.ill.y

I lo«r .•lumiimtion iiii«l ilw.iiiiiiii»lioii ol u-oloui. nl hoii/:..ii»> iim! l.v,l«, ffu-ntly in. r.'u>.-
our umli-rmuuiliiiu of thi» mo«i inl.'r.'uliiiir «roii|. Willi. mt (>r..l.»«iiii; lo huv.' mail.' an
iMl.M|ualf invr-tiimti the writer in »tr.«ntfly ol' |l... u|>iiiion that tli.Cr.tii.a'ous im IiuIon

II unmbtT of tli»till<'t u"'!''l'i. ri'pn'wlitinu: a wi.l.- u.laptiv. railiation mnl prol.ably a
liHmbi>rol !.ia<'..»i.ivi'ly pnrallt-l phyla Th.' wid.. ililli'iemi'* in thi' nuHlf ..fsii.. iwion.
Keiienil iihiip<' iiikI hoi.liT ».ulpturintf of tli.' t.'.'ih. in.li. at.' prol'ouii.l . han'.'.H whi. h
required iiii enormonii pi-riod ol lime for their di'v.'l.ipm.'iil

In the Itelly Kiv.'r "erien we linil the new itpe. i.'x TruhifloH iihrfi„i. I.uiiil>.', ,iu
animal neiiily double th«' ni/..- .>f iho iKiinHii'lim munhlli of lli.' ICiiirlisli Wealdeii (IpiMT
JuraNni. ). A more lU'li. ulely l.uilt ii;u»ii(Mlont, /', mnrgimiliff. I.anilii', i.s.nilile.H the lew.-.
robuitt iKiiaiiodoiit I'lrrniieli/i. uriiHiiini. Vo\f, Uw i» upeiili.ally .limin.t in tli.' lionl.r
Heulptur.' of the teeth. A third li.w »ihm i.», ..r ereii neiinK P {Diilnnuilnu) alliilrnf.
Lam»H', distinauished by .'x. eptionally hi'jrh narrow le. th.

There lire therefore indi.iitioii» ol a «iporation of the l.j:iianiMl..nl(i into liirlii mid
heavy limbed series, Kinuller aud larif.r,. swill er and .lumnier. . ' .'rent vuri.t; iu t.«p|h
Htruiture.

DlNoHAi'lilA : ('LKATui'slA. In ihisiiKl.r, pi'rhaps i...>re than in any other, tli.' ivn.. in-
bliiii.e between the IJelly Uiver and M..ntaiia Kta-rei. uiid ill.' ...nlia,sl ImIwivii ih.he and
the Wyomiu;: Laramie Blav'.f, so lar a known, are disliii. tly iiniked

• Mr. ,1. li lh.li-li.rli..> just l..ll.li.l.. .1 (,\mi..l. "( 111.- ( ' .riu-i;i.- Ml.-, iii.i. I!!".'. V,,!. I. .\ri, \l\ . y. :•",•■> ■v»l.

m,.ti.-r.si.-w,.ftli.-« animal-: " Tl..- ( l.-li. i I .S|. ,-.,.« .,f :h. T,.,r.„„l,,„t„l,, ll,,.li,.- I-, I 1 „..u,., 1,1 , ., Miir-li.''

H.- r.-il.-h.". ll..- .-..l,.-lllP.i..l. : •■ A .-.ir.llil .-\.,l.iil.,.li"ll ..f I, ..rmin..! .1. ..i i|.li..ll« .IM.l i;;;ill.^ ..f 111.- l.v|«-. -I ll..- 1.11
L'.-ri.Ti. ,.l..l l«.'lilV .|«'.''" 'niin.i..t.-.l al«i,.-, .-l."«s Hull lli.-H- -.li-iiM 1-.- a ,ir,.,.l r.-.lil. .i..i. il. .-...-li ..n.l ll.al tlu- 1.1.
l!.-iii-ri. «lii.-li liiiv.-li,-i,ii,,-..|«.,...l »ll..lll.l 1..' r.,ln.-,.,l i„ t«„ /',, „/..,./•.«. I...i,l> ...i..', (■/„„„....».. M..
h.-iuhl Kriirr.1 .h.i.-l.l U- tr.-at.-.l ..^ »\,i.iliyl.i~ -f Tr..'!..-!.'". « lii'-li .I1..11I.I nl.,, I-- li-.i.l.-

.»., .Miir.li ; »liil. 1 iii..ll.-r i:ia,.,„,„ ,'- ,l.-..ril-.l l.y MtkI. fi...i. ll..- K .ii.-.s .■li..ll- \ I-. ."ii-i.l.-n.l u.

iwrulnian to » .liitinct gcnii« IkmlilU-i..- iiwiiy of in.- ►|»,ii-t- i.i. i.l".

itpteniiint.t by lit-arefiil C'>nipiiiiH.iii ..f th. tyin-B.

, V. Iiil.- til.- i.-ii.iiiiiiiiu

Ill, I.- T. .''" .11.-". I ' ■

ilk. Ill

nVlii'liy lll^ lillt tilip I-.III .ilit\ l'(

20
Thi' ly|H> i!'.'iior;i arc diKtributi'd u'i'oarai>lii. ally as I'oHown : —

I

Ml.XTANA. WV..M1NI. I.MUMIK. WvnMlV.., I -,,> VKII.SK CO.

La HAM IK.

C-UI.OIIAIK).

Polytitiiix, Copo.

Monix'Iftnius, Cniie.

C'rr.iUiii-*, Marsli,
Cljun-liyni'litis', Ct»|H'.
.MaiH»sfMiii(lylu*<, ■*

1 .s, pf. M.l l.v <•.■!.

In i^oiu'ral th.' .outrast in the C'eratopsia is as follows; fiituiv discovery may alt
those prevailing characters : —

.\i;.itliiiuiii(».'<, Cr.iK'. Tiic-cniliip-j, Marali.

(C'l'i'Liccoui Nil. (1 111- 7.) Tniii-aurus "
Stt;rln)lu|>lnis. "

I'.ll.i.Iif.l 1.1 .111 i..-ii.i,i, ,l,„it l,v ||.,t, li,

ItKLi-v ,v .Icmni liivKii C'KiiAnii'siA.
Of ^inallcr ^i/.c.
Nasal Imrna very lai-^'e.
Sinnll fruiital nr suprmrliital liurii.s.
Widely open supratemporal {ossh:
T(«tli sinsle (' Mniinrhinm) and doulile funded.

I.AKAMIK CkI:AI(II'SIA, Kn'KIl ClIKTAI KOLS.

' >f l.ir;;fi* si/.t*.

Nasal huiiis nlativcly smaller (TricuraUipa) <ir ev

v»'sti;;ial.
(ireatly developed frontal horns.

Saprateinjioral fossie open (Torosuuru.s) or tioai
c]o.seil (Triceratops).

Mimnrlonius is the first name ainilicd lo a Montana eeraloiwid. The type specie
M. rrassHs. Cope, is distinsnished liy small supraorhital horns, a lar-re suprat. niporal log*
and a wide s<iiiamoso-parielal ciest. M. r,:,:Mrvm>niis.Vopi}. i., distiiiiruished by a forward
recurved nasal horn: jV. .v/VifHocern.*, Cope, l)y a reuiarkaWy elonirate and laterally coi
pressed na.sal horn : M Usshs. ( 'op-, by a squamosal id' peeuliav form.* ( •ernro/>s monia,,,
til lirst of the horned diunsaurs described by Marsh, was found on the Missouri riv<
Muiitaiia. in btnls whiih Mr. Hat. her now considers ol Judith K'iver age. It is ve
similar to if nol u-cncrically idnnli. al with Moiiorloniiis. II this prove to be the caf
Copes suii-estioii (op. cit p. 71."i) thai (his liimily should be called Ai:<il/„iimid,r, rath
than C'-nit„/,!ii,/<i will deserve consideiafion. The apparenllv new species M. ,/awso)
M. ninadensU. and M. h,'l,: discovered by Mr Lambe in the liellv River .series, add
the variations in the Monorloiiius \y\»- of skull in the Mid-Cretaccons.

It will be observed that live of these species are known to possess lar^'c nasal and snii
supraorbital horns. This stairi' of horn evolution nmy be contcmpurancons with ai"
indeihMideiit of that in the southeru l.aramie dinosaurs in which the nasal horns a

,. ■ ^•■'■; 'I"; i""-'^"'"""' ■■' H"- 'm»-. » i. -i- n-v ,„■,.., rvi.t i„ ,ii,. .\„„.,.i,.,ui mi,.s,.„„i „f n,.,„„i ,, „. .

I ..p.. •• ill. Iliiilii.l lliu,.,xiiiii,i ,.f 111, l..,i.,M,i,. '. .Iin., .\„i, Iss'l. |,. 71,-,.

ai

iiivariiilily Kmall«r than th.' frontal horns, but . oupli-d with ih.- snialliT sizr and opon
temporal fo8sii-, it wouUl appoar to be more primitive.

The new genuH Stft^nrcrim, proposed in this memoir, may represent a t\\»- with small
nasal liorns, as in some ol' the Laramie Ceratopsids, sue h as Slirrlinlit/ihiif.

It is not at all improbable that the horned dinosaurs will prove to be diphyleti.-, one
line with p."rsistent open Ibssa- leadinR from Mnmidonim to Tiiriisatiriis, the other leading'
to Trii-eratopi with elosed i'ossic.

MAMMALIA.

Of the two Mammals discovered in the I'elly Uiver, Plilni/iis iiriiimnis. jiidirinft by
the londitiou of lhc> <;rooves upon its premolars and tnlieiides upon its molar teetli, is
undoubtedly more primitive than the Laramie plagiaulaeids.

5. Genebai. Conclusion.

The eouelnsion is that the lielly KiviT fauna is more am lent in iharai-ter both as to
the older types of animals whiih it contains and as to the staL'es of evolution aiuonir
animals whieh are also n-presenled in the Laramie. The nvoloirieal interval represented
bv the VI. Pierre-Fox Hills marine beds w;i8 aei-onipaiiied by the extiiii lion of eertain
•lurassie typt's and progressive evolution of the persistent types, finally the lossil
vertebrates hitherto described from Molilalia probably are, in part at least, of Mid-Crelac.-
ous or Belly Kiver age.

AmKUICAN MfSEUM DP NaTI-UAI, HtXTOKY,

July 2.-., urn.

iOtta«

•3

-I

-i

1

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA.

•2-NH\\ GENHKA AND Sl'l-X'lliS FROM TIIHl'-'lY KIVHK SHKIHS

(MlD-CkHIACEOrS).

BY

LVWUENCE M. LAMISK.

33

^%'~ i

, -2:9 .

[OVM

M
3

tiWiWNiHAI, SlHVtV 1>K CASAMA.

CdNTH. Ti» Can. Tai.., Voi,. Ill (t^i ahtoI, I'aht II.

1

VrBws IX THB VAi.i tv or Rcii Diih Riv«r. Albchta. Biiuiw TH« HoiTH OK Bebhv Ci-kkk.

|0««

..uglggmmm

GEOLOGICAL SURVKY OF CANADA

2_NEW GENERA AXD .Sl'ECIES FROM THE llEI-LY RIVER SERIES
(MID-CRETAC'EorS).

Hy Lawbknce M. Lambe.

Th« present report conxiHtM of (le»rriptioim <ir dotiTiniimtioiis of vertebrate remaiiiK,
from the Belly River serieM of the Cri'tneeous, rolleitotl by the writer during the HiiminerH
of 1897, 1898 and 1901 in the Red Deer riv.'r dintriet.

The gpecies represented in thenc eoUections belong for the most part to the ('la«M
Reptilia.

In 1897, the writer descended Red Deer river, starting from the village of Red
Deer, and made collections from the Edmonton snbdivinion of ''.he Laramie, between
Red Deer village and Willow creek, and from the Belly River series between Bull Ponnd
creek and Dead Lodge caiion.

The resnlts of this ezi>cdition fully realized the belief of Dr. Ocorge M. Dawson,
Director of the%}eological Survey, that a syMtematic collection of the dinosanrian and
other reptilian remains, that were known to occur abundantly and in an excellent state
of preservation in the rocks of the Edmonton and Bi'lly River series in the vicinity of
Red Deer river would prove to be of scientific valne :uid interest.

In this year, however, it was found that the heHl results were obtained in the Belly
River series, in the vicinity of Berry creek. Accordingly this locality was revisited in
1898, and again in 1901, and collections made Irom the Belly River series only, in an
extensive area of " bad lands " on either side of Red Deer river between Berry creek
and Dead Ijodge canon.

To Dr. G. M. Dawson, Mr. 11. G. McConnell and Mr. .T. B. Tyrrell principally, belongs
the credit of having elucidated the geology of the Cretaceous and Laramie rooks
in the region extending from Milk river on the south to north of Red Deer river, in which
region the Belly River series has an extensive development, its boundary having been
traced for over 150 miles in underlying contact with the Pierre-Fox Hills group, with
abundant and , elusive proof of the subordinate poMition of the former to the latter.

Mr. J. B. Tyrrell, in his report on the geology of northern Alberta,* divided the
rocks of Laramie age, overlying the marine Pierre-Fox Hills group, into a lower and a

'itflologicat luid \atural History Survey of CiuumIu, Annual Reptirt, new series, vut. II., part £. 1886.
4

hiirhor iin>MliriMion, whii-h he mlli'd rfuppctivi-ly tho Edmonton nml fho PnilcKpoo wrioH
Th<> Kdmonton i«>rii'» he n'lfnrdwl ax cloxinK Crctiu'coiiK ••"" • '"i'* PiiikBpoo rock* hi
coniiidcrtHl iih thf roproHentalivcH of thf tx'vinning of tho Tf rtint) I'poth. The I'onknpoi
■erioR JH a freRh-wator dopoHit, the Rdino>iton NericH in oI ■ rii->.ish'W*tor origin.

Of the B«'lly River Koriei* Dr. DawKou writes* : — " in the roirion of the Bow and Bell;
Tiver», the Picrn- is audi'riaid liy an extensive fresh and brackish-water series, ronsistini
of sandy aririiliteH and sandNtoni's ; the upper [lortion is rharaeteristirally pale in tint
the lower generally darker and yellowish or brownish. ThiK baa been call(<d the Bell;
Kiver series, and uppears Id correspond precisely lo that o<cupyin(i i> similar stratiirTa
phical position on I he Peace river, and there designated the Dnnvegan series. Thes
indicate the existence of a prolonged interval in the western t'retai'eous area, durini
which the sea was more or lessexclnded from the 'gion, and itn place o<'capii>d for loni
p«>riods by lagoons or fresh-wnter lakes. IWow these, both in the region of the Bow am
Belly and on the I'eaee rivers, is a second series of dark shales which may probabi
represent the Benton crcmit of the Missouri sections "

The approximate miiximum ascertained thickness of the scrip's, according to Pi
Dawson, t is!' 10 feet.

The same authority, in describing these rocks, remarks,} that "the separation of th
lower, or yellowish and banded portion ol the Ilelly Uivcr series." from the upi>er o
pule part, " is made merely lor convenience of de!<cription, and is probably u(i
warranted in aay other sense. The distinctive characters of the two portions of th
series are indeed so indefinite that though little hi>sitalion might be felt in relegating
given large exjrasnre to one or other, the points of difference vanish when any attemp
to draw a precise line is made."

The following section, ns seen on Fossil coulee, in the Milk river district is regarde
by Dr. Dawson || as a representative one of the upper or pale part of the series ; the bed
in descending order are : —

Feet.

fi
4

\r,
1

Dark gray, soft, sandy clay

YellowUh und or nof t windiitone

Hrajr, soft mnds, with snine InRiU nl' ul.iy

Gray, soft sandstone

Ureeniah-gra; clay .'>

Gray, soft, shsly sandsfcuie 1

Gray, soft, sand and rnndy cliiy 4

Greenish-gray clsy ."i

Nodutar layer of iinpurt? calfiire<nis iruu.Htuiiu 1

Yellowish, fine Hand, or soft HandHtone 4

Dark gray, sandy clay 3

Ureeniah'gray sands, irregularly hantent^l und foriiiiiig proj(.cling cornice-
like layers of sandstone 8

Greenish clay, with large impure septarian ironstone nodules 8

Inches.

fl
o
o

0

0

II

0
0

fl
fi

6

r>

0

*l)e«cri[itivf Bketch "f the HhysiLiil < u^tijintptiy aii.t i H-(iIii);y of thp l><itiitnii>ri (tf (*iitiit(l;i hy A.R.C. .Sclwyii r
M. Dawson, 1HS4, p. 40.
titeport of Progress, (;eoI. ami Nat. Hist. Survey "f ('iuuuIh. ISH2-:{ 4. p. I \-2 c.
tlliiil, p. 117 c.
Ihiii, p. .'ill c.

1D«*

jftiiijiiji

»7

• Kiitt Iiiclii'si,

()n'«ni>h Kivyi Hwidy uUjri auit olnyi I" »

Yi>lluwiah-i(r«]r, Mnily oUy. with layer full of unall clay |H-liblea iit tii|i |ti i)

Yelluwiib'gray, fine, noft ii»n<l ■! "

ilrown weathiriiiK, ahaly oaniUUine, lirouiniiiK cimKl'niK'ritit' with hiiihII

cUy ptihbleii in Mime pUcea (liKitlly iivvulu|iMl) I li

Oray, aoft, fine wiml !> *>

(iray, line ({rained Mndstunv I "

Pale ((■'«oni*'> ((■'"y '^'■X' ■I>k'>''7 handeil ! '■ <>

Palo greeninh grny, noft, aundy clay . . 4 '•

Uray, loft, clayey mnd. The upper |j>irtiiin full nf nmnll Hi>ft inmatuiif

conurctiuim •'• ^

(iray, soft iiaiid«t<ini' 0 :.'

Orayiih, enft, olayey aaml ■'' ••

l-.'.l L'

In the Re<l Deer river tlintrict the upp<T 1><'<1» ol" the (n'rion iirt- ri-prcsonli-il, with
probably tho uppor part of tho lower bcila. They riinsint mainly i>l'. I'rom about 20(1 lo
400 feet of alteruutiii^ soft, light trray, ilayi-y HaixlHtouos and i^ruyi^h and dark rlayii with
thin beds of ironntoni- ami layers of ironHtone noduleK "hiik bidx of yellowish sand-
stone also oci'UT near the bus*'. These yellowish saiidKtone» appear to be at about the
dividing line between the upper and lower portionN ot the serieK.

The Belly River series iseorrelated by Ur. Dawson* with the .Indith Kiver aeries of
the Missouri.

One of the first reports, if not the first, to appear on reptilian remains from western
Canada, was that of Professor E. 1>. Coj*-, whieh took the form of an app<'ndix to l>r O.
M. Dawson's " Report on the (reology and UesourreK of the forty-ninth parallel " issned in
IMl.j. ProfeKsor Cope here deseribed certain dinosaurian, chelonian and lish remaiuN
from the " Fort Union group " of Milk river.

8ince then, referenee has been made, from time to time in the reports of the Geolo-
gical Survey, to the discovery of reptilian remains in the Laramie and IJelly River series,
at various localities in the north-west. Unlortiinately, the lollectinif of sueli remains
haw not been systematically undertaken and, except in one instunce, no detailetl report
has appeared on the occasional remains of reptiles brought from the west, that eX( eptioii
being the description stiveii by rnifessor Cope,t in 1*"'2, of two skulls of L<il,i/if imras-
sntus, obtained in 1^84 and 1HS», by Mr. .1. 1!. Tyrnll and Mr. T. C. Weston, respectively,
on Red Deer river, from riH-ks of the Edmonton series.

One of the chief difficulties, encountered in studying tlie remains of th>' dinosaurs
and other reptiles from the Red Deer river district, arises from the lad that the bones are
generally very much scattered, separate bones of different species occurring toafcther, the
finding of a number of bones, of one individual, in their natural relative position to each
other t>eing rare.

As a rule the bones are well preserved but very frasrile, so that the greatest care is
requisite, and special precautions necessary, before their removal can be attempted.

• Report on the (ieology unit Riwurtti! of ttic forty nintli piiriillil, IsT,'., p. l.-pO, ,inil l{i|iorl uf ProgrcM. itcoV uutl
Nat. Hilt. Survey of f»n«il., l»S-.'-3.4. p. ll!)<;.

t"On the •kuil of the IKnoeaurUn Lrrhp' mcmimliif. Cope." Prov;. Anier. Philo». Soc., >oI. ixx. p. 'J*!, 180i.

w

The writer wi^hvii Iniuknowlctlifc Ihi- iiHiiiHtnnrc ri'n<li-rv<t lo him. Iiy Dr. O. I'. Hii
of ilii' Amcrirai) MuiM'uin of N>lur»i Hii<iory, wlm l>y thi' I'Xtm'Mioii nf hio vfuwn rtyai
inir (h<> itffinitifN iif iHiini' III' the iip«i'ipii of tiirtli'H rH|>r>>M>iiti-<l in llii< ciilltH'tiouH, snd I
other I'liurtrxieH, trn-utiy fm ilitnti'd tht> work iniiniM'ti'd with the doteriniiiutiim ai
difirriptinii of tht'iii' inti-ri'HtinK re|itili'ii.

Ill 1901, Mr L. Hi'bt'rCiilf, of Mimtri'sl, acti'damutniHtant in the ttuld, audroiitrihut
mutfrially to the kU' ich* of the eiixdition of that year.

The writer in partiiulurly indebted to I'rofeHMir Henry Kairlield OHiiorn, <'urator
the Depurtnieiit of Vertebnite I'lilu'oiitolnity ol ihe Ainerieun Muaeain ufNatnral Hiaioi
New York, for hiii eo-operatioii in the Ktu<ly of the ntrurture, lyatemutii' reUtioim ni
uoineni'liiture, purxued partly in (llluwu, partly in ihe Ameriean Mnneiim by eomparin
with the extenHive C'opo eollection.

I'lWCES.

MYI,EI)Al>HtTH, ('o|H-.
MvLEDAfHlIH IIIPABTITUU, Co|)e.

rhite XIX, fiifH. 1 and 2.

Mgt»dnp/tiu bipartiliui. G>p«. |r<7l>. Proc. Aciul. Niit. .Sei. Pliilwlel., p. SOU.

ThiH Hpeeies is repreitentcd by many teoth found m-parute in all eawH. Their Tar
tion in size in loniiidorable, the HiualleHt minNurin;^ nbont 2 "^> mm. on the lone
diameter of the crown, whiUt the lari^eHt eolleeled has ii diameti r of !> mm. in thu Kai
direction. The proimrtionH of the majority of the NpeeimenH are nearly couatant. MeuNU
lucnta tiiki-n from an uverairo sized toolh almoNt loineide with thoHc ffiven by t
aatboi of the KpeiieM iu hi.s oriffinal deHcription. In the majority of the it|i<'eimenH t
crown IM irregularly striated in a direetiun at right unglcH to and on both Hides ul t
Hue dividtni; .U into halves althou!;h generally one hiilf has fewer Ntrialioux than t
other. The crowns of some of the teeth are smoother thau those of others, a dillureu
due probably to age.

Mttx-^nrtfiifnU oj an aif:ruyi .^i:,'.,i to*iUi.

Lffnglli of Uiutli

Ijong (liHinvtcT ut .-rowii .
Short " " "

Length of root

Long diameter of root
Short " •• ■• .

M.

OOJifi
006'i
0045
0030
0042
0030

Belly Riw series, R«>d Deer river, 1898 and ll'Ol.

Dr. O. M. Dawson lollected a numbi'r of specimens on lielly river, N.W.T. (No».
and 41), in 1881, and Mr. Weston speiimeiis in Irvini' i-oulee, near Irvine station
the line of the C.P.R.. iu 188^

lOOM

.■Mmmmm

C<i|M', in di'Mriliiiiii this t^eiiiiii, wui douhtriil bh Id iIn iitHnitirn. hut utatoK " that thi<
l°i>riii of th« riHit rtMiillii thf Jila»mohra»ehii, ii:u\ tliut ut' ih>' iriiwu hoiiic iift lio ray* "
The tyiMi bo rei'ordi'd an from tht> tort Uiiiuu bi>dit ul Moiitanu.

Arii'KNNRn. Liiiuii'DM.

Ai'IPKNHEIt, AI.IIKII'IKIfHIH S|>. Iiuv

I'lateXXI, ««. '.'

Tlie Htroiigly ko'lvd uiid highly oriiaiiu'iiti-d Hhicld hIk -vn mi pluti' \M, »i>|iari'iitly
ropren-nta an anricii! atitri^cou, for whiih thu uWovoiiaiiio ix ,>r(i|>ONfd. Tln' oriiuiiii'iita-
tioit coiiNUtf of roniidi-d, <'oali'H<'unt ridgos and iiimIi'n in hiirli relict, aiid<iuiti' Niuooth, not
very auliku the acnlplured aurfaiv of thn ahi'll of somt- »|H'iios of tiirtli'it.

Thia genus haw not hitherto been known Iroui ro< kH lower than the Tertiary.

Ih'liy Itivur aerieM, Uud Ueor river, Diatriit of Alberta, ltK)l.

Lui'itKirrs, AiruHwi/.

LkI'IIXiTUI OOtniiENTAI.lH, Leidy.
Plate XIX. iig. 8.

LtpidulHI orrvimtnliii, (.niiily, lufio. Tri>n«, Ainer. I'hilox. **.«•. Kjlimt, VerU-limln rniiii tlip.tu<litli
Itiver am) (traat Li^iiit« forni;itioiis uf NfliviiNliii, pt. 1 1, WiZ"*. -0 iM.

Numeroos aeoloR, from the "bud lauds" of Red Deer river, iir- apparently not
distingniahable from thoae described by Leidy under the name l.>inihln* wiiiltHtntis.

The Bcalo fisured in fairly representutivi' of thone in the eolle tionB, m rejranls form
and size. The lozeuge-nhaped, enamelled outer Kurfare is sm(Hitli and hhiny, with goner-
ally a few amall, puneture or pit-like depreKKioim Riiitlered toward the eentro ; a, lew
growth lines are generally observed parallel to its edife. Uaigth of NiH.-<.imen (igun-d 18;>
mm., greatest thiekuess 3-0 mm.

Belly Uiver series, Ked Keer river, lHi»H and I'.tOl

Similar scales were coUeeted by l»r. (i. M. Dawson on lielly riv.-r, N.W.T. (Nos.
40 and 41), in ll^Hl, and by Mr. T C". Weston, at Uoss coulee, near Irvine on the line of
the C.l'.K., in 18W4.

i

Rhineastes, Cope.

KhinEASTES ERl'CIFKKt'.s, Cape, (sp.)

I'emloiliu '.mei/irits, Cope 187r>. Pnii-. Ac«l. Nut. Sri. Fliilndel., p. J.'i'.'.

A number of fragments of cranial bones are referred to this speiies after comparison
with the type from the " Fort Union " beds of Montana. The sculpture consists of strong

p»r»lli>l or divKrtn' ii riK» luni, in |.|i»,,.m, rriM|m-iit|y ..miIiw.. •mi arr ■oiii<liiii<'» in
rujiUHl ; whi-ii <iiv<'rir<'nl. lulihiiniinl ril» jin- iiit.r. aliitutl ui intxrvuU Kntiriiii'iiti
«l>nu'» Willi |>arul|.'l tfriKiMn imil ridiffn. niiiuiiiu: in iho ilimtioii of ih- l.-nifth,
thouirbt tulK-lontr to ihi< aam*' ll*h

Th™.' ri>niuinx r.n.'iiihl.- i«>inrwhat, ih.' .'orrtwpouillng jmrti. of i.om.' of ih.' »|«Mifi
llhiHTnHf .IrwrihtHl by (',.!«• Ironi tli.' T.rliurjr of th« wc»I.tii «lalrii, ami aru fa
»M>itfnc<l. ul li'utt proriniounlly. ic> ilmt jfinui.

Ik'lly UivtT norioK, K^il |)«ht rivt-r, lO"!.

DtPUYODiH. Oi'n. iiov.

Uli'inoiii H IjOKUIikimtuim Sp nor

riut>' XV., livN. IH and V.K

Th*- h<ini' Htrnritl on tin- iifxivi' plati' allordu fvidHnt.- of the loinplcle iouIiih fin f
till' prfinaxillii- in ii llxh to loria ii loiiff. pil.nilcr, anout urim-d with t<-clh lliiii Hucn-fc
I'll, h other in a rfRulai ultiTniitinif miinnor Tlif«o .haru. terx have itu(jg«»ti'd thi« uaij
uf tho gi-nuK and Bpttii-ii proponed.

Tho ■p<-iimen in in the form of • comparatively thiik plate bent, on it»elf, no aa tv
l'-«ha|i«d in tranKvorw «-<tioii ; it \» iinperfettut both ends, ii 23 mm. lonn, laiM-rit iiligh
toward the front, and in 4 mm. broad ponteriorly undS'.'i mm. broiid at ita anterior ei
There Ih uo eviden. e of ii median lonifitudinal iiuture. The aide* of the hollow aerai-i yl
derlhiia formed, arc »liirhtly over 1 mm. tlii.k, but thi- thirkneaa of the boaal purt i« o'
2 mill. On Ihe llalleiufl upiH-r unrfai e of the tw > nidea, are prewrved, i ireular bnnua
teeth, aiK iiylosed to the iM.ne, ,hatuii|>ear an raiHed lirrleN, averaging Ml) mm. in dinine
and alK.nt '.' mm. apart from . eiiire to . eiitre. On the rijjhl Hide there are nine teeth rep
aeuted at eiiual intervalN, but mi the left aide, all lioiiKh there were a like uuin>Htr
teeth, the inliTNpaeea are not Minifulur. Shallow KulKjiiudraniriilur depresMcmN, varyi
in number I'mm one to three, aci..rdin){ to the leiiifili of Ihe iiiter«pa. e, ooi iir betwt
Ihe tooth-buaea. Kaeli depresaiou repre»eiitB the former iwailion i la" th that hn* full
out or liuN been broken oti'.

A eirrle of minute pit» or foramina aurroiiiida i-iuli tooth-lmce. Kimilur but li
re^fular pitso,iur in the interveniiijr depn>s«ioiiN and a lew are i.l.Kerved williiu t
tooth-baweK theniBelven Two tubular . aliiilK, phu ed nide by Hid,-, almvi- the , entre of t
baae, pieree the bone loniritndinally ihrouifhout itit len^'tli The bottom of the medi
l^roove between the two rows of teeth bn» an undulatinif Nurl'ace. The sides and rouii<l
bane of the bone are anuMnh and show irregular longitudinal lines of small pii-li
markinirs. One of the tooth-base.s at the posterior end is decidedly sulxiuadrangular
oval in shape with ita larser diameter transverse

Two or three I'rbgmenta present the same rharaiteristiis of structure.

llelly River series, Hed Deer rive:, I'.Hll.

to««<

SI

••liini'a iiilt-r-
''rutfiiK'Hli of

ami nri' bvri'

iiili'M'Olirt' iif

lit MUL'I'CI-cll'll

'(I th<> uaincfi

II', no aa IuIh'
[H-rN iili{i{hllf
iiitoriur riiil.
V ■umi-iyliii'
piirt in oviT
ilitr boMua if
. in ilinincliT
8 iccth rcpn-
i iiuinlHT of
»iiN, viiryiii);
rlir iK'twwIi
uf hrr I'ttlh'ii

lur liut It'Ks
witliiu thi>
1 outre ol' till'
thf miMli:iit
ami rciuiKlt-d
nail pit-like
Irangiilnr or

i;.\'ru.\( iiiA.

SrAfllRBPK.T'iN, ('o|X'.

Si'*l'lir.ni'KTi«l« TKi'TltV. «'o|M'

riiltr tl! (Iff", 4 H

SfafAfriiflnH iffhim, i'ofir. IHT'i, IVim'. A Sit S,i Pliilnilcl v.il a«Mii, p. .'t."i"i.

ThiH N|M>fii'ii in ri'pn'»riiti'il in thi' ■ olIiMliuii l>v n iniiiilM'r i>l trunk vi'rti'lirif niiil
atliuicti. AliniMl »« many "I the liilirr ii» ol lli'' liininr w^t.- nliiiiiiii'il. n |).Mi!'iuri«v lh«l
I'liii Im' id roiiiili'd r»r only l>y aupiMixinu tlmt lh<- «I>mii. i'iiinp:irt loriii »)' ihi' ullnn niili'il
in xavinu it (nnn liri'aks|r<'.

Tht> trunk viTtohnr, of whiih oni- ol tin' Ix'itt in li^nri'il. iir.' 'li. nni ii\.', with woll
dov('lo|»Hl pri" ami po(itzy((B|)ophyNi'». ii liii.kxvardly iliri'i tnl, «inui n.uml xpini* whoMx
ItaMil I'ront I'xti'nilN Inrwurcl an II proiiiiinnt kiM'l liiMwi'i'n tin' pri'/.vir»p"pl>y"<'ii. A iiuiiiIht
of I'oriiiniua ciilfr the npiiu' in it* upiwr Imll wln-ri' it in hivh t.i };• hidliiw. Tin- icutrum
ii» piiirhi'd or liiti'nilly ioinprr»mMl Ih'Iovv, %« us to prcxliii c a utroni; i':>riiiiition iiil'i'riorly,
iiiiit at) I'lonitation ol' the iirtirtiliir iiipo ili>wiivvnr<l. The iintoihonl ia not nerNiNteiit :
the I'nrnrainn* I'or Uh putry into the lentnil l>o<ly are ronapiiiionM ni the lH>ltom ol' the
artiiiilar eiipi. The diaiiophyHix in direi'tiil o\iiwiird nml l>.«i-k\viird and hiiN nn irreiruliir,
liirure H nha)K>d, tranaverae iiwtioii, nn demrilied by Copi A roraiiien enterM the l>ii»e of
the dia|>ophyNiN from in front, another from behind and, on the riirht xide of the vertelint
liKtired, one aliio entefH from bejnw. In fii;ure I the nenral npine and the |)ONt/ytfn|Kv
phyiiea arc rewtored from a «epariiti' Hpine to the baw of whi'h the /yiriiimphyHeH remain
attai'hed. In one of the larifer verlebrii'. the roof of the neariil laiial i« anirularly
vanlted and the front border of the nri'li betwi'en the prezy!r«|>ophyfieK in notehed and
tarni<d aliirhtly upward. N'nmerouN Nmiill foruininii nnur in all part* of the vertebrie.

Three fibres are jriven of one of the lari{e»t and best preserved atlasen, to show the
two faeeta for artirnlation with the orcipitiil iondyle« of the Nkiill, the anterior proeeHH
projeeting from ihe centrum between the two fiici'tM, and the artiiiilar eup behind. A
nnmber of foramina oei'iir in the roni'itve inferior surface of the iillax. Other foramina
ooeiir as depictc-d.

')f trunk vertebrn M.

t^nxlli of oentruin ■ OOK

Height of articular cap« 'OlMi

llrewlth of snm" IK) t

Hiampter of nntot'hnriliil fiirniiipii . . iHJl

Antaro-posterinr tlianieU'r nf nnuml spine iiieii--iir(Hl irntn \>clwn*n noal/yKH|Mi

phyws W.in

Of ntlai ;

Kxtreme length . . ■ 007

Kxtrenie brwultli OOtt.'i

Heiijht nf facets for artirulatinn with rnndyles of skuli ■'K).'l

llreadtti of same " 004

Height of articulnr eup .... ■ 00.17

WiiUhofssine 003

Belly River series, Red Deer river, tlHII.

Thi' position of this <;oiins was not di'liiiiti-ly ili'li-rniincM. but its author coiisid
thill thi" stnicturo of a proximal linih hone, and ihi' form of thi' diaixiphysos of Iho v
bfji' ri'lor- . "ith much prol)al)ility to the I'roilela, and that th'' hironcavo n

I>la<- ' u r.i> <■> thi' Amhtfisliimiilit. Also that olh^'r
fan '•, i! llirciil ;i u any of those now livinir.

trucluriil points indirai

A -m maxillii of whii-h, two views arc s^ivcn (plate XV. lias. It; and 17)

interest. It is almost perfect anteriorly. Its upper border lomcs to a sharp edije,
which posteriorly a small fragment has been broken oil', as indicated in the lisjure
ridire extends the length of the bone on the inner sidi' at about iitid-hei!;ht at the ic
but curvin;; downwara to near the lower margin in front. Posteriorly two sntural
faces oc'ur, one on the inner side in continuame of the ridge, the other eniaririnatet
ui)per border. Hetween thesi- two surfaces the bone is .-.hallowly excavated. Six 1
foramina oi'cur iu a line at about mid-heighl in the anterior half of the outer sur
The lower bordc^r of the maxilla is broad and bears eight subijnadrately elliptical U
bases with their greater diameters transverse to the length of the jaw. Small foraii
openings (M'cur enoinling the outer surface of the tooth-bases. Teeth have bei'U lost 1
the jaw leaving shallowly depressed interspai-es.

The relationship of this bone is not clearly understood, but it is for the present :
ciated with Scu/ilier/ielnii tectum. It oii^urred with and is of the same colour and tej
as the vertebra' of that species.

i I

I \

REPTILIA.

SAUROPTEUYGIA.

PLESIOSAUUID.T..

ClMnr.iASAUBtis, I.,oidy.

ClMOTJASAUIilTS MA(1NI".<, Li'idv.

CimntinsanrHn mayniis^ I^ieidy 18.">2. Proc. Aciul. Nat. Soi. rirliulcl., vol. v, p. .'12.**, and ibid, 1
vol. vii, p. 7i, pi. II, lig.s. I-C.

Cunn^iaxaurHn inaynun, I.eidy. 18C.~). CretAcoou.s Ileptilos of the United Slat^M, p. 2.5, jtl. v,
1.1-19 and pi. vi, (SjuitliHouian Contr. to K iiowletlyc, vol. xiv).

Fourteen cerviial vertebnr, found within a limited spacc> and probably belongin
one individual, are referred to this species ; they form a tolerably complete series wi
gradual increase in size from front to back.

These vertebnr agree with those of the tyjv species in form but ari' smaller.

The centra may be described as shorter than broad, with concnv,- sides and lo
surface, rrticular fiices ellipsoidal, sligthly concave with angttlar in i,(,ins, costal I
placed low ou the sides. Neural arches in all the spei imeus, broken off, except in
apparently a late cervical, in which the basal part on one .side is preserved, showing

IOm<

hor I'oiisidcrod
's 111' tho vrrlt'-
oliiavc cciitrii
its iiidiiaii'd n

1)> nn<117) isnl'
irp ('due, from
the li^uro. A
t at the ipiitrc
o sutural Kur-
uaririiiati-s thr
I'd. Six largi'
iiutiT BUrlaiT.
Iliptioal t(W)th-
lall foraniinal
boi'u lost from

' pn-Keiit as .o-
ur and texture

33

height of the neural eaiial. The bases of the ribs still remain in a few eases. In the
supposed late eerviial, the eostal faeet extends upward on to the h.ise of the neural areh.
Two larsre foramina, plaeed one on either side of the median line of the lower surfaie
and separated by a low ridi?e, are eonneeted with a i>assa<re that opens into the neural
laiial bv two separate apertures. The neural eanal is about as hisrh as it is wide.

MfftmiTfittf.nlH.

A small vnrtobra fmm anterior er

length of centrum ...

ISrewlth of »rticular f

Height of same

Width of iieursl cam'
A larger vertebra froin pin* ;'i •!>'■ 't

[^ngtli of centrum ....

Itremltli of articular fiu*e. . . .

Height of articular face ...

Width of neural canal

Height of costal face

tl of ser.es ;

M.

■045

(Mi,";

■040
■012

■044
•07-.'
■04.5
■01.^
•O'J.-.

lireadth of same O'J'J

Aeeordinc to Cope, Disco.'irt;//-«.s- is speeilleally identical with this genus. Whilst under
the generic name Cimotinsaiirus. Lydekki-r* has iuiluded BrimomuTus, Leidy, and Elm-
Hu>*anrtis and Pulf/rati/lux of Cope.

lielly River scries, Ued Deer river, below Berry creek. IS'.'H and IttOl.

, nnil iliiil, I.S.'it
p. 2.% III. V, figs

r belonging to
series with a

laller.

[les and lower
<, costal facet
except in one,
, shov.ing the

C;iIEU)NIA.
TUI()NYCHII).5i;.

TrioNYX. (ieoll'roy.

Trionyx foveatus, Leidy.

Plate I, ligs. I and 2.

Trionyr Jiivfutii^, I^i^iily. 1800. Trans. Anier. Philos. .Sic. \ol. xi, p. Its, pi. xi, t'lg^i. 1 anil 2.

" " batnlie. 1002. (ieol. Survey of Caniula, Summary Uepnrt for I'.tni. p, Kl. pis. i

anil 11.

TVioni/x foventus was originally described by Leidy from small fragments of costal and
sternal bones from the .Tndith IJiver beds of Nebraska.

A carapace, from the Helly River series of the Red Deer river district, lacks only the
nuchal plate, which unfortunately wag missing.

'('ill "f Fn94. Ki'ptili:! .\w\ Aiii|>liiliia, liril. .Mu».. |it. II. |i. ■.'!■, Isstl.

ThiN carapaci' (liir. 1) is a littli- broader than Ioii<_'. ami is only slinhlly I'oi
Sonn from al)oV(>, its ant'Tiiir, posli'rior and lateral lurws are llatieui'd so as to niak
(Mitline subtinadranifular. Tlie eiirhl i>airs of.'oslals an- entire and there are six n

Kli;. I. (';irivp.i.'*' <»( Triontn' Jin'ntltft from i<c'»I Dit-r rivi-r : fi, (mtline of tin- t rauKv (tm- inirvo of its (ii)iN>r n
Kix'iinlillis till' nalur.il «izf. AT, Xiu-lial Ikiiii' (ri'»l.iivill : SI, In, :. \r., NimiimI 1«iiio« ; '7. .•. ,l,.., c,,,!.!!

hones of whi<h the anterior one is divided. Neural I is broader than lonir with eo
sides, neural la is longer than broad, broadest near its ]>osterior end and has coi
sides. Neurals 2, 3 and 4 an' six-sided, neural ■> is oblons?, ami neural (!, lying foi
most part between the sixth eostals, is shield-shaped, narrowinsr to a point behind,
seventh eostals are suturally united at their inner ends, whi-ru they develop a bn
suffieicut to separate the i-ighlh eostals from eaeh othi-r. These last are subtrianiful
shape, with three convex sides. The nuehal plate was evidently small, as the la
termination of the suture (c, in ligure 1) between it and the first eostal
eates a side extension not far past a point in advanee of the mid-lenu'th of the lirst ec

its lateral ends lie b ath the front border of the first lostals and are not seen

alMjve.

|0«w

iijhlly rniivcx.
as til iiiiiki* till'
' iiri' six iii'iiral

Small, Hhalliiw, iouikKmI (lo|iri-ssious mark Iho surlurc of Ihi! ni'iirals ami the iiiiuT
i'IkIk of thy rostals. Ill thi' lattiT, as tho ilistaun' from thi' lu-urals iiun-asi's, the dr-
liri'SHiona gradually grow larger anil mc rii di'cidi'd, bi'roiniujr often reiiilbnii or oval, and
rri'nueiitly loalesciiig, until in the distal ends of ihe rostals a few more or less roiili-
nuoUK furrows ar^ lormed jiarallel to the outer niaririns of the plates. These furrows are
a eonspicuous feaiire in the seulpture ; they are not so well marked on the posterior
margin of the carapace, but are well developed near the front edges of the first eostals.
In the uetirals and inner halves of the eostals there is a narrow, smooth strip, ilevoid ol
se ilpl uro, bor<lering the sutures. The rih-heads are well developed.

if its tipiKT Hiirfa(.-i'.
.'. ,ti*., { 'twt.it Iniiick.

ir with eonvex
id has 1 oneave
, lying for the
t behind. The
'lop a breadth
ibtriangular in
as the lateral
: costal indi-
he first costal ;
' not seen from

KHtiniAted Ii'ri;;tli of ciirapace aliHi;^ median linn (*i ,';, iuclifsi

liOiigtli of carnpuci', aUin^ incdi in line, from unterinr cili^o ef nrui-al I tn

jMmtcrior niiir^iii

Mfixiniuiii bniaitth of carapaee (8 ^\^ iiu-lies)

Ijcugth iif tirMt neural ( 1 + la)

Ijeiiiftli of sooiinil ni^urkl

Maximum lireiultli of siH-ond neural . . .

Thickness of fourth costal at centre near iiiiici- eriil

Thickness of fourth coslikl at centre near out*!r cml

Thickness of eighth costal at cjiitre

M.

•IBS

•lli.l
•Jit
■0311

•oj:!

017
■005
■000

005

The hyosturnal and hyposternal bones of this species, shown in fig. '2, page 3tj,
belong to individuals of larger .size than the one represented by the carapace. The mis-
sing parts in lig. 2 are restored from a number of other specimens in Ihe collection, of
which no two are exactly alike. The sculpture differs considerably from that of the
carapaic and is shown on plate 1, lig. J.

lielly Uiver series, Red Deer river, 1901 ; also uunierous costal bones and fragments
of the carapace with separate neural bones as well as liyoplastra aud hypoplaslra and
bones of the endoskeletou, 1H07, IS'.i.s and lltOl.

Ur. U. M. Uavvson collected fragnieiits of the carapace on Belly River, N. VV. T.
(NoK. 40 and 41) in )-

Trio/ii/x /iliinus,*- ' il ISi^ll, :i ISritish Ix)Wer liucene species, described from the

posterior half of theiai • .ears a strong gi'iieral reseiublaiice to T. fiirrntux as regards

Ihe sculpture, and also lu the ab.sence of Ihe seventh and eighth neurals, a'jcompaiiied by
a similar curtailment of the sixth neural.

' Monograph nf itie ItritUti Kept ilia of t)ic l.ciii<l<>n('IiLy. p.irt I. p. .%s, l^l>. .\1.\ c. Ist!i. \'nl. tinlo^raphiral .Society.

36

The stroiii; dovi'lopment of the seventh coHtaU, found in thu Ued Doer rive'oa
rt'Hultiu^ in a ruduction of the eighth puir of eobtiils, is prolmbiy an irregularil y of j
of no »iweilic iniportanee.

•• ■., "^

I.

\ /

X

V

y

SmP-

Y

■ %

■ ./

■(

A

■■'-■'/:-

u

A.

V-

\

X^

H-

Fi<-. -J. A, Tilt: I.AVtiMf niiUr •^iirf.iuT nf ili.ii^lii li>i.iil.i.sinil iiii<niy|»..|ilii.slriil i«mfs nf Trum;/.: Joruxii
lower biiifjix- (if ii kft Ii}u|)l;iBtal. Niiturai I'i/i .

TrK^NYX VACAN8, Cop*'.

Plato I. liirs. 3 and 4.

Trfmtfx ratj-iHA, C»»pe. 1S71. Uull., IT. S. (JtoI. Surv. Terrs., No, '_', p. 27 : find 1875, Vc;
of Cretat'«)us KoriiiRtioiis of the W)»st, p. 96, pi. vi, figs. 13 iind 1-1.

Triouy.i- viigans, l<aiube. 1002. (leol. Survey of Canac' ., nummary ]le|>ort for 11*01, p.
iii anil iv.

iOoat

37

Br nvt!',:ar:ipa<'<',
ilarily ol'srrowth

-^

i;. iiii

il 1875, Vortihnitii
or lilOI, p. 81, pis.

This Mpi'cii's was first dt'HiTilx'il
Il III "II n\iiiil)iT (•!' traifiui'iltsot ooslal
Ixmi'S and pi-rhapK of sicrnais also"
from thu " Li-^iiiti' Cnln imhis of Colo-
rado ; near the mouth ol' ihi' l!i^ Horn
river, Montana ; I.oni; lake, Nelira.ska ;
roon<l at I lie last two localitii's by Dr.
Ilaydrn." Later, in IST.I.iu "TheVerte-
lirata of the C'retaeeous Formations of
the West" thesamedeseription appeiirs;
this time with fii^ures oftwo Iragments
of eOAtal bones.

A carapace (lijf. ;1) referable to this
speeies. Was obtained in ll'Ol, from the
Helly River series of lied IJi'er rivi r
below Berry creek.

Ihl' nl t|„

ii.ttm.il si

7Vl"„l/..- ...;//l.,., tl.illl Kvil I
I Ut\*' mMI- ll|lIMr Milf.lLl. dill

ttn> ;i-. ill li^iiin- I. pii.-i ;5I.

It is broader than lomj. the breadth
exeeoding the length by more than oni-
sixth, and is only moderately run vex In outline, as seen from above, it is Hat behind with
the sides curving broadly to the front maririii, n' the centre of which then is a shallow
concavity. The shell protrudes where the ribs pass outward from luiieath, causing the
lateral margin to be sinuous, the sinuosity beitig most marked toward the front in the
lirst, second and third pairs of costal plates. Of the eight jiairs ofcostals, the lirst co:>lals
are the broadest at the inner ends, whilst the lifth are the broadest distally. The seventh
costals are extremely narrow throughout their length and thin'ighth pair is w ell developed.
The lirst costals increase in breadth rather suddenly at their outerendsand are separated
by a divided lirst neural plate. The ueurals gradually decrease in breadth to the lifth,
their siiles being uot so nearly parallel to each other as thos of the correspondin"' plates
in T. Jiweulus. Thi' sixth and last neural is very much reduced in size anil is irn .'ilirly
oval in outline. Of the protrudiii'j- iib-eiul-, all the six of the left sule were securi il, in
a fair state of preservation, except the one bclungin^- to the lirst costal and it was obtained
iu part. Tlie rib-heads are well developed. In the ligure, the nuchal plate is ri presented
;is entire. Of the carapace under consideration, the central part jnly of the nuchal plate,
extending from the margin in frinit to the stitiiie behind, was found, but fortunately the
left I'ud of a nuchal, of another individual of similar si/e. showing the left front marifin
and the suture between the plate and the lirst costal with part nfllie latter adherent,
supplied the deliciency. The sculpture consists of a network of narrow ridges, ramifying
and inosculating so as to enclose small, sunken area' of irregular shape and size, the areie
being generally wider than the ridges are broad. The freiiuent conllueuce of a varying
number of area- results in a more open pattern, the riilites at times showing a tendency to
run in parallel lines. The sculpture is not so distinctly defined near the sides of the carapace
as itis toward and at the centre and anteriorly, but in the hinder part it is moredecidedly
rugose, the ridges being here higher and the enclosed are;e larger. N ir the intercostal
sutures, more particularly in the inner halves of the costal bones, the sculpture is partially
elfaeed and consists of low, jjoorly dellned parallel ridges at right angles to the sutures,
forming a disciuct border, with a maximum breadth of about 5 mm. A smooth border.

l>roiidi-8l at iho niArs of lln' liirnpiu c iiiid narrowest in front, extunda aloni? thu wholo of
I hi- pt'riphi-ral i-dge.

Ah ..'i;iird» u divided lir»t nouriil in sii.'.ies of this si^nus, it in intfrcsling to note
that l.ydi-kkor, in d.w riliing T. , «7i7</mi.<, from the Mioiciie of Malta, in IH'.H (Qnartorly
.louriml of Iho (leologiial So.ioty, vol. >;:,vn, p. :;7, fi(J. U, mi-iilions the oc urn-mc inthi^
Mioii-ne spi'iii'g ol ii divided lirnt neuiul, and romarks (p. 37) that " all (he fossil speiies
hithorto descriKed, of which the entire . aranace is known, a:,'r.'e with the normal tyi>0 in
bavin;;; but a sinj;le loni: neural between the lirst pair o«"ro»taU."

Vfitiinrem<'ut»

M.

LonKlli of ciirapaco almi^' niiHlian line (l!*J iiulies) 170

.Miiximuiu lireiiltli <>( lariipiui- Cj:!,-,, iiiclii'a) '>'M

ISreniltli uf lirst costal at inner enJ.. O"'''

Tliii'kniws of sainu near inner end • 009

Thicknena of name at out*r Rml Ol'J

Hn'adtli of tiftli costal at outer end "119

Tliicknesa of same at outer end 01.1

l!r«a>ltli at inidlont;tli of seveutli costal OliO

Thickness at centre of uiglitli costal 010

Ma\iinum hrcailth of neural 1 'Ojti

Masiinuin brxatltli of neural la OSlt

lien^'th of same '0-*3

Thickness of nuchal plato at left end '018

Ix!n);tli of verteliral ciMitruni 015

•
Bi'lly Hiver series, Ked Deer Uiver, IH:t7, l*'f< and 1001 ; besidt^s the earapaoe above
deseribed, separate eoslals and neurals, and parts of the endoskelelou.

Also in IHHO, Trofessor .lohn Maeoiiii, neurals and fragments of eosta!-,, from Maekay
ereek, near Walsh, a station on the ('. 1'. K., about tvventy-.'i^fl.t miles east of Medieine
Hal ; and in 18S1, Dr. G. M. DaWKon, Ironi lielly river, N.W.T. (No. 11), fragments of
eostal bonus.

.\DI It'll). K.

AixKn^s, Cope.
Anoc'js (?) i,iNEOi,ATrs, Cope.

AdoTHH (!) Hnm!nlnit, Cope. 187.'5. Ileport U. S. (ieol. Survey Terrs., vol. ii. Vertehrata of
Cretaceous Fonnations uf thi' West, p. !>?. pi. vi, fijjs. 11 and 12.

This speeies, readily recognized by its neat and characteristic sculpture, is repre-
sented by two well preserved l'rai,'inents. one, part of the right hyoplastral, the other, from
the margin of the carapaci' in advance of the right axillary notch The sculpture has the
appearance of that of Adocun variolosus, in miniature, with the roughness worn down.

Bellv River series. Red Deer river, 1901.

10«l

3»

ArxM-IlS VAIlIlil.llStS. l'l)|>l'. (s|).)

riali- II, tigs. 1, ^iiii.l .'!.

CoKi;)/ifmyiP ni/iiiiiK. Cup-,', I ST.'i. Ui>|i<irt mi tlii' (iiiilii!;^ .uiil HiMiiiri«s uf ilip t'urly iiintli paiallc I,
K}ip4>n(Ux H.

CniiijMmtjH mriiAwiid, Ccipo. |S7(1. I'riM'. Aiiwl. Nat. Sci. I'liiliiilel., vol. vxMii, p. 2".
AdnnH rarialiuiin, IjiiiiIh', 1901. Oltnwii Nulunili^t, viil. w, p. «.1, pl.^. in, J\. v, jiml \i.

The proiHjrtioiis of the «!iiii[K)IU'1iI I'lciin'iitN of tho pliistroii of ihi.sspiMiiH ran In' soi'ii
by ri'fiTTiiii? to (iifuros 4 and "), whiTf r.'.storfd ouMiui's arc ffivrn, busod "n two
fragmoutH of the .same shell, wliiih are represented in the figure by the shaded ] rlions
The »uturo!t between the bones are shown by the sinuous lines and th.' boundaries of
the shields by the heavy ones. Th" dotti'il lines represent the supiM)s. d shape of the end
of the posterior lobe, the direction of the sulcus ileliuing thi^ front limit of the fi'ino..il
shields, and the position of the suli'U.-. .hat probably crossd the xiphiplastrala, whilst the
exteut of the hypoplastriilb is conjeitural.

I'pplMT or iim*T f.,
IV,.

I'fiii'f of tlir siinii- |)liistrnii, from K,-il
i-ivc-r, AIlMTtii.
Jo. IntcrKular hliiul.l : '.■, < lular do. ; HCM, HujiuTal .lo. ; I'KC. I'lH-lonit .lo. ; .1 /.', AWoiiiiiml .1. . ; fUM, Kiruonil ,lo. ; AX. Anal .lo.
Epiplaslral Ijouc ; AWT"/', Kulopliuilrr' do. , //)'/', H)upla»triil >lo. ; ///■/', Hvpoplu strut do. ; .V/', .\i|iliiplastiiil .lo.

40

The pliislron i» lint i-x.i'pt iil ih.' siiliN wIi.ti' it bi'ii(l» cvi'iily iipwanl. the lolies urn

short iiii.lhvon.l. ami the >lrruiil li.itk"' loiiir- Th itoplusiral ix roiiu'hiy peiiliifnnnl

nnd rather hroail. The eiii|>la»lrals ar.> "I' not iiiiiisiml nii^' ami nliape. whilst the hyo-
pjaHtrals iire relitivi'ly lar^e A divided mterifuliir nhield Mparales two small itii'.arN,
liehiiul whieh an' well developed humeral shieldN. The peetorals narrow rapidly
toward the sides where thi-y mid ihe al.doininals meet a seri ■» of iiilraiuan;i:ialK that
overlap tin- peripheral l)oiies. All the siil, i are deep and eoiispieuous exeepi those
markiii!.' the position ol the iiil'rainur'iinalH, the anterior houudaries ofth.- -.'iilars, and the
diviHioii of the interirnlar. These latter, hovirever, are sharply ami elearly th'lined. The
KUtiral line between the hypoplaslruls ami the xiphipiastrals is shown in the smaller of
the two frairtnents.

The HeulplureeoimistH, when most riiirose, of well .•xeavuted pits of a rounded hex-
agonal outline arranyedqiiineuueially; the dividing ridires are anirular and narrower
than the pitH are wide, their aii-iiilarity and heiifht heinu' more pronouueed al the .)une-
tion of every three pits with ea.h other. The lormaliou thus, of thr surfa. ed, pyrami-
dal projeetions bet wen the exeavations. irives to the shell of this turtle its very charae-
teristie and rugose appearan. e. There are about seven pits in a spme ot JO mm. In
plae.'s a numberof |iils. as many ashalf a dozen or more, may loatesee w. as to form a
continuous srroove. The sculpture is most niirose near the edire» of both earapaee and
plastron, elsewhere its routrliuess is modilled and irenerally l(.ward the eeiilri' of the shell
the surface is comparatively smooth

On the inner cr upper side of the plastron (tig. S, page 39) the ruiroj-e wulpture
extends inward for some distance from the free edffes of thi> lobes, more partiiularly at
the extreme anterior end, where also the bone is very much thickened A decided
thickening also occurs in the axillary r.'doii. The oval outlines on the xiphipiastrals (!',
lig. .■> )8how the position of smooth, slightly rai.sed, Hat surfaces that are apparently facets
for the articulation of the pubic bones.

Ijirge fragments ol the carapace show that the costals are thin and are united to the
comparalirely thick marginal bom^s by suture and that ihi- sulci are d.'cp and well
defined. In some of the marginal bones the rib-prolomrations from the adjai ent costals
are preserved. The rib-heads of the costals are apparently w.ll dcveloiH^d.

In litOl, the anterior half of a plastron (lig. •!, pairc 41), with the front border of tb..
carapace intact, was obtained below the mouih oi lierry .reek. This specimen, rep c-
sentingan indiv.dual, with a plastron about '40 mm. in length, givi's the reh- ivo
position of the plastron to the carapace anteriorly and also shows an eiilargemi'iii of the
right pectoral shield to the left of the median line of the plastron resulting in a decided
diminution in the size of the left pectoral shield.

Additional material imlud.s two or thrive neural bones, some of the bones of the
endoskeleton and a few small, thick, (onii-al scutes from the tail. These latter have
an upper surfac:- whose sculpture is an exaijgeration of that of the most rugose parts «{
the shell.

The types of Comp^emi/i o^miiis. t'ope, from the ' I'ort Union group" of Milk river,
<-onsisting of two small, poorly preserved fragments of costal bones, show sculpture
markings' .so similar to those diaraeteristic ot A . niriolnsHf, that the writer is of the opinion

\^^W

41

that ihf two Kix'.-iri. on- i<li'nti<'al. On iir. omit of thi- poonnsK of tin- iyi><' ^|>e^iIn.'ll» of
C. ogmtHi and to uvoid ■ oulu-ioii Ih.- Hp.iilif iuuik- rmrinhtm '\s nlaiiii'il.

Viitrni.r Inlt .'I III.- -Iivll of A-h,.

'(-. fi-.'ni Ur.l \Wvv ri%t'r :
f. (tin- tillli iialiirnl »iw.

xliKuinu lti«- iK'iil iii.iruni

Thi' forcRoinir rhariirliTH iiidiiuti- a Clioloni.iii that cannot In- ri'taini'd in thi' irenus
C()w/j.«m^,i, whirli is closi'ly alli«'(l to PUiirnstermm and possosM's a mi'Sopla>tral idi'iui-nt.
Thi- prosemv of two small anhw shields separated liv a divided* or double intersfular
shield (in realilv two inler;,'ular8) and la Beri<-s ol infrainargii...ls, the ahsenee of a
mesopliistral and of a suturid union of the pelvis with the plastron, to>,'ether with an
abbreviation of the lobi'S iind a decided leniltln-ninir of the sternal bridge are charaeters

that 8U<?gest such elose allinities to the ifeuus A<locus of Cope, that this species has b i

referred to that genus.

Hstimiited len^tli of plnNlreii ('.'SJ indies)

I^iijjtli iiloiiK iiiediim line from nnterier end lo [luslciinr Imriler uf pectoral

sllicl.l

ISreivdth frimi moilian linr t.i lulenil suture ( - Iwilf of brmiilth of (ilastniii).

I>'n^th ef entopiiiHtral

Maxiinun) hreaiUh 'i entepla^tral

Thickness niiilway lietween jjulars

Thickness! at centre et jular shields..

Thicknes.s cm niwlian line at pesterinr lionler of pecterol shield

Thickness at poHti'rior ed',te nf hyoplitsi ral near left Iwundarv ■>( alxloniiiial sliield

Thickness in axillary rt'siim near hitenil suture . .

Thickness midway l)etwiM-n ent<iplastr«l and the axillary notch

7:;ii

• L".»5

•L'80

■ OH.j

\li

•oar.
■o:!:i
oi:t

007
o:t:i
■025

•(i. Itiiiir. I'l

G

.\.a.l. N^il. S,i, I'hilai

C.I. xliii. |S!I|. p. 4-.N. Ilu' t'.Miis .f./c.

l)r. () r. lliiy \vi' inrnriiiiMl ihi' writer ihat in tin- lyp.' K|»'('imi>u thiri' in litlh', il'
liny. Ill' til.' • !iiM|ii ■•• !.'|ir ^''iii.'il, tliut lln' aiil.'rior Mn' ol' itn- pla'tMii in uiiNniiit;, ami
lli;il th.' i«l''' im M shows ill,' -I'turnl |>.>ili(iiis dI' ili^' pl;i»triMi. iiii'l th^' |>.ni.pior UtUf. whicli
liilliT is liioMiUy Miiiidi'il.

I!,.lly l;i\.T».Tl.-«. U.mI I p riwr. Is'iV, |s!is :inil lnOI.

l''r:iiriii'iil.s of till' f<ii<'ll liail hi'iii idlliM iiil iiH Idllciws : — l'riirs«..r.Inliii Mmixin.
Mile k.iv i-r.^.k IsHO iM'lly Ifiv 'T s.-ri'i) ; l>r. (1. M. Diwsoii. on (Mil Man ii\ ,r. I)>iii\v
Kc.rt M. l..ml. I»s| (\Vill.«w >rr.-k snl>.lui-i<>n oi ih,. Laiuuiif) ; Mr U. (i. M. <'<>iiiirll,
K.mI I r liviT, l^s.' (ll,.||y Riv. r «.ri.->).

/

V

(•iii,i,viiuii>.i;,

Nl.I■ll^^K^ i.l'.-' <i'ii. iiov

NKlli.\NK\ t,rs KMMII':^. S|i. n(>\ ,

Thi' laraiwci- ola turll'. rr))ri'-
m-liii'il hy costal mill utliir lioin'K,
nhi'wn in liir. T, is riMiiarkiilili' lor
riTlttin |)iM uliaiiiiis ol sirui mil'.

nf ihi' st'Vi'n lostal hon'x uli-
tainiil, Iroiu lln' niiiMli' ami posli'-
riiir parlsot llii'i aiajiari', liiur WiTi'
iouml as slmwn. nniti il t.i a liirsri'
lii'Ural am! a suprapy irai l)iini'. Tlio
olhiT ihri'e iDslal.s, vi/ ''• • lliiril
pair nnd till- ri^lil Ibni-lh . with
thi' posti'ricir .ostaU li.i nut in
plan'. Thi' linh pair oi'.ostaK was
missintr I'ln' snl.i iuili' atinir thr
juni tion of till- nislal Khii'lds si-iin
to 111' normal in thi'ir posilioii on tUr
4tli,t!thand 8tli i ostal liou.s What
is appairntly a '.HIi i ostal .sui ■ ri'ils
till' ^tli lOHtal boni'. Tin' "111, Stii
iiud :<th pairs ol rostals do not nai h
thi^ median lini' ol'lhr •arapaci', l.ut
an- Bi'paratid by a lariji' bono iliat in probably formed by a loalesrenci' of the Hlh m'ural
with a suiirapyiral. This .'iilarsfd Hth irural is suturally unit.'d, !or some dislanro
with thf vi'rt,'l>ral I'lids of th.' Vth costal boiii's. for ihf whoU' of tli.'ir breadth to the
sth rostal.s and to a i ousiili'rabli' portion of ihi' suppost-d '.'th costal». It inrri'iu«'» in
broadth [Kistiriorly ^nd I'lfi'i ts a siilnral niiion with a suprapyaal whow breadth
croatly ■■xrit'ds its length. The rib-heads of the costals are well formed, those of (he 9th
.'ostals be-nir as fully developed as the others. No mar-rinal bones were found with the
remains of the lurapaee. Anterior to the point "a" on the outer edffe of the 9th
eostal, vaenitii'8 seem to have oeenrred between the lostals and the marsiinaU, judging
from 'he appearan.e of the outer margins of the Hth and itth eoslals. From the point " a "

V

Nlll' lllillt IIU-

i, <|-r'., •iwtiil

T, ivui ..1 1...- , .■ "I .V. u.'i.uy.i. .M/'.

liiliir.il »i/i-. -V. (, !. .I'-., iii-iiml l~.mK:. ''.

Ifiii - : •p!l. «ii|im|iyi;'l I"""- : '• "'' '"'l- ''l"' ("nw lii"" iiHli™ii'

tlll'l>MUii<lilll< vl'f thl'l'l'i'll l-IHill lilil'lll!*. till- milllDllH I'llI'M till- HUtlii'i-n

hiluiin 111! Iiniin. all. I till- ilcilt,.<l « llii> |»iil» n'hlunil.

43

hitckwaril II "illiirr I'Xiituliil dr tin' union nl lli • l.i«i iiiii i! lunl iIm' |h:'.c1 Imiiii> Thi-

Mirriro dl' ill.' ii'tiril Mild ill.' «iii>r.i|.v t-il i-. iiii«.<l u. ...illy nit', i li>\v, i..uiiil.<l,
lnliuitiltliiial riilif...

No vi'ry il.'.iiliil n. iilptiir.' i- »li.r«ii ..ii ili--iMr dI lli.' Imn.-. >iiiiiiiiiiiM o. . iir

Hiljniniiii; ;iml iit ri'/lit ii!i..jl « I.. :!i' Miliir. - , .'I-. u li r.. ih.T.' in u sliL'tii roii'jlmi'.--!* in
lilarii, limr." piirli' i'l;n ly liiWMnl ill.' vcrl l.ril nils ol th.' .outiiU, ulmh mi i Ilhh
.•xiimiiiiilioii i« i...|.|i |,. li ■ (ikhIu . cl liy ^iiiill. ..Ii- iir.. ii>nl irr. jitl ir <l.iir.«Kini.h v..|ii.rM|.il
liy Very liiiiit riili.'.'.. ''.iiii|>;ir.iliv.|y hip,'.. ■ nii. .iitil. :illy . iirw.l ;jri">\ .■ lik.' liiarkiiiu"

llUll or. Ill' .III two III III.' I ii^lal.i.

Til.' irr.'iil il.'V.'lopiii.'iil of III" lii«l iit'iiriil hy ainwr.'iil . fni!-.. ..|i. . with ii »U|>rii|.y'.'.i!
ill.' ri'Mullili'.; . .>iii|ir."»i(ili nl ih.' |>yi.':il r. '/ion :inil tln' iiil.lili..ii nf a : lli pair ..I li..ii.'> In
Ihf mTii'H of. (Vila 1», lonii :i . iimliiiiali. ii ..1 li ..!!• I.rs tli it i- li. 'tli iiii.'r."''iiii! luul iiiii.|n.'.

A nt'W m.nu« in Iut.' pr.puwil lor llii^ Miil-('r.'ia."oiis lyp.' ili it i- ili..n..'lit to show
...frcntiT alHiiity to Iti.' Clirlii'lri'l" Hiau '.> aiiyolhfr uToiip

lli'liy Uivtr wri "s, U.'d li.'.r riv.r. ll'ul.

A

-)

ri.i'.riju TKUMiM-:.

r.VKNA, I-.'i.K
r.\V.NA MAT- UK!. I, Hay.

fti.H.i /,.!/. ',«i-i. Hay VMH. Annals
of tlip llfti-ncL'iti MiiHcmn, y\i, ;l'_'* ."I'.'ii.
filiit.. XV. " l>fSL'ripiion ..I' .■» n.'w -.{.i.t'it'H
.i( llibiiii (II. h.'ttclii'il) I'l.ml till' l,:ir,inii.'
Im'.Ih of Wyuiniii^."

This Hpcii's ih r.|.i'.'.'..iil. il
from ill.' (!r<'la.'.'on.s i>l 14. <i I> aT
riv.T liy 11 spi'. itni'ii, fii;. >i, in
wliiili till' wholi' .il'th.' plii>lr..ii is
pr.'HiTvi'd '.villi the aiil.rior lia'ldl
thi' I'iirapa.'O. I'lic Kiitiii.'slirlw.'.n
• Ixilii'H afi' Wfll di'iiii.'d and tln'»
..lli iir.' disiiii.t. I'll.' rnrapa.'.'
luiN Bufl'.T.'il slitfhlly from distor-
tion, lint thf ida^lroii is adiiiiriihly
prosiTVi'd li'aving little doubt as to
llic Bpccilic identity of Ih.' K.'d
Peer river turtle wiili tli.' Wyo-
ming; type.

Fl.i. H. Till- |>liu>tn.n .il lUuwt htlrl,,,-, , ti.iiii
lU'.l Ik'i'V ri>..r. llii.-l..lf imtiin.l si^i-.
/<;,liil..ruul,.r hliiil.l ; ". i;iil..i .1". ;

nr.M, iiiiiii.nii .1... ; ri:i\ l'...l...-,.l .l.. ;

|»lHf.tr»t Unit' ; 'iifp, Knt.ipliistiiil .I... : Ini/t.
XiphiiilaMtriil .lo. ; 'ct'iilr.' .if front niur)iin '

/ I ^'f'.

- I
i

)■

.1;;, Al»:..ii,in

Ilv,.|.|f..l1;,l .1..

,f....n.,«:....

ri.M. K,iu..r..! il'.. ;
M,,..|.l,i.in.l .1... ; h/.p

I .V, All
ir>|...|

.1 .1".
,l.,.lr,.l

.1". : 'V.

r

I

!

J

II t'l"lll l.'l"'

.[ Il

(rtiii "f iiht>l(i<i

•1"

(rolii Ht-a lh<r

liMr

li.(tf till' tiHliir't •<

t/.'

«4

Aililitioiiiil »iM'. iiii.'ii^ .c.ii»i"t "I ill"' iiiil<ri(.r lutlC ■■!
plni-lMli. l-.iru I'f Iwo othiT |ilii«lr:i, aihl m |«H.rly i.p».iv.'

.umim.v olmiiall i-\iy in win. Ii. Iiuw.v.r il iv.lily "Hh

hull olth.' nh.ll i« Will i.hi.vvii

Th.' viiriiiiion in lli.^ <lir.. ti>>.i of ih.' L'uhr iUi.l iiil.ruMili
«ul.-i, in .litr.r.iii iiilui.lui.U, I" wh. li Lculy ilr.'w iilt.'iilin
in hi" .li'»i ripliiMi i^l' /.•'(■/(■i iirim>*i* li"iii a hi;xli''r horizon,
iKilii.iilil'' ill th.. iwo Ifi'l I I'. I riv.r ~ii. . iiiim-, n. iiImt
whi'h ii'-Tic I'Xii. ilv Willi till' l>|).'

Il.llv Uiv.T -..rirx. IJ.M Dr.T ri\er, I'.'Ol.

UAJiHA ANTI'irX S|i IKiV.

1*1111 of 111." .arB|i!i,f or :in npiwri-nlly niicl.i,rrih..il sihmiim n\ B<i""i wiw oblnim
IVmui Kftl li'.f riv.T ImIow Itorry .riTk, in 1901. N.'.ir ii wiis l'..iiii(l ili ■ untorior fi

of II pliiNiron lliiit. jiulnini.' Iroin th" iiurlH
miirkiiiL'n, thiikiu'>N of tin- h\\'l\. ufui-i
u|iii.'iiraiir.' iiiitl size .'viili'iitly lirloufft
till- naiiii- »ii<riis and jirobuhly to tlic cai
imlivitJual.

What is prfservei' of tin' rarapt
(liirun- 1", A) is in an fxiilli'nt stnti' of p
sitviuion. I'ivf ni'urals in all ar'' ri'prew
li'il with tivi' pairB of lOMlals, Thf sutu
ari' sinuous and tini> Iml can bt- tr:i' I'd \v
i-tiKi'. Thf sulci

very distinrt.

Tht" ni'uraU

/ rathiT irri'ijular

'"~" shapi' and of m'li

I'ljual sizi). Thii<

als partakt' of

/ j" saini' irri'irnlaritj

,' .' outline. Th.' ot

' Burliii !■ 18 aln

smooth, the 0

uwi'venin'ss bt'

due to a few st

tiousand dipies

,,„,,„ ,,hn.M,u.-.», rouirhened mi

in.'B errati. ally diiipowd. Striationsalso oerur at ri'.'ht angles lo the suture;,, forminc
objure border s. ulplure. The vertebral 8hi.ld> ar,- broad.^r than long, more especially
first one. The rib-heads are well developed. There is a strong and abrupt thlrkei

■ -^

„ III. ft •n,,>:,,un: A. |K..t..ftli.- .v.n.l»,..; li, l.m.r »mf...', ..( ,,nUi..„ l..l.r nl

'|,l,i.lr..ii ; ( . ii|,|j,.r..iinnii «iirt,i.."f unl.ri..il..l~'"f |.l».lr..n. ((ii...|„>lf ll.. iMlural
M„: Till' "iuu"ii» linv- iluli.ul.' ll.. -ului.-, l..mi..i. lli.' l".ii.-. lli- liv^'-^ ■.".- Ill'

l«.un.liinr. "f till- • iii.liiiii.il -lii.l'l- Til'' 1' 111" .

■ IU|».rt f. .s. I-

IsT:i. i"1. i. Ki"»il \ ul.nil

\. tiys. 1 .

|0«ij

<•.

iiiiir oi II

xityiil ihiH

I iiiliraiiliii'

W lltti'lltinll

liorilinll, l»

iK'iilii-r c>r

iiti-rior I'litl

I. 11, ifi'in-ml

bi'lou)?* I"

to tlu- !>arai'

11' I'lirapai'c
!<tnti' of pri-
IF'' r<'i)reNeii-
Thi' .sutun-H
tni' I'd with
I'hf unlii lire

StilK't.

!• ni'uraK iiri'
irr>'i;ular in
lud of nearly
i/i'. Thi- iiist-
■tiiki' of the
■rt'irnlarity of
.. Th.- out.T
• is almost
I, the only
uieKK boin^
a few Ktria-
nd depressed,
'ned mark-
El, formini; an
e8i>eeinlly the
l>t thiekening

in the miliary region but eKewhere ihe »liell '-J ihiM The Hnl.rior border in I'veiily
rounded.

The front ■•iid ol tli • |ila.tircn (fiiri 10. II mid (') i« r:tlh.'r ! »«\ in jnoiMHtion t» the
l.'UHlh ol it" .emiMin.nt purl- of whi. h ihe epiidiiMruU, the e.ii.ipl.isli.il and -mail |».r-
tionii of the hyo|>U»lraU ir.' |.re«.Tved, The ei,t,,|.l;i.«tral, nem Iroin bel.nv i- diamond
ihaped, a liitlebroa.l.rlh.in lonu:, iin^l plu.v.l far fuivviird on ;i .uum ..f ih.' »li.irtn. ,» of
th<' ;<ulure b.'tween th" eptpfMlrul-. in front Seen from alKiVe. or within, the enloplastral
i< mu< h hiniri'r than bioa.l, its hr.ndth b. iii« r.du. .d :iiid il» p.'i.lerior hill prolonited
ba. kward. Similar exte»i.iim> ot the [HetLrior l.onl.r aUo o> . ur m the upper .urla. i. of
the epiplaclrals. Sub i, a» indi.ated in ihe linnr.', d. tine the boundaii. « of the u'lilar and
interu'iilar shii'liU.

Other fras{iuent», in the eoilei Moll, may help 10 further I'lueidute ihe rlriti lure of tin'
nhull of thio Hpeeii-H.

lUly Uiver series; below the mouth of II rry ereik, b'.-d Heer river, li"i|

.I/.,...,,- „„,

l'!xtn»iiii' leiiKth of H|ifi'iaini. en riifMhoi Iin'
H^itiliulleii li'limll III 1 iiKpiier
l,tii«ih of l«t niunil

llri'iultli tti MAiitfi

Ix'njfth of L'liil iifiiril

;)rd ■

Ith

6tli
(.ea|,'th iif 3nl vitIiImmI wliielil
Kxtreiiio lircadtii I'f laliie . . .
Ilriailtli lit inlMpliwtnil, lower -urfa.e
I,<ength lit uttllie . .

Tliii-'kiii'iH near friiiil iiiiiiL;i" "' II" l"''"

|iiii-Trini

Tliicknen'. (if 'Jji'l iii^<liil ttl piiiMiiial eiul

ilislill eiiil
.Maximum lliiokiipf- ill .ixilUry rri{ii'ii

Helly Uiver series, Ued Deer river, liml.

M.

■jyn
ci;t:»
0:.'7
o:lo
(1.17
o;t2
o:il

Oll."i
07.'.
U27
Ui'i

oo*

■ ooii.")

■005
0O»
•0-J6

KlIYNCHiiCKl'H.MJA.

("ii.vMi'sosAri.'in i:.

C'lIAMPfOSAUKUS, Co[H'.

ChaMPSOSAURUS ANNKiTK.ViS, Cope.

r.rtiVire, Leidy. IsiiO. Trails. Aiiier. I'liiliis. .Sec. Kxtinct Verleliraui fmiii tlie .luilith river and
(ireat Lignite foriimtioiis of Neliriislsii, p. 147, pi. ',', figs. 'i6 61.

ClMmpiOiil'irut armrcleni, Ci>\\f. l""?!;. Pps-. .Viud. Nat. Sci. I'lliUdel., p. i."!!.

4C

Tliis Kpi-( ii s th.' typi- ofth.' >i.'nu8, i« n'pr.'st'iitod by a laru'i- immlicr of vcrti'lini',
none of whi. h \v 1 I'duiKl loir.'tluT in tlirir pr-ivr rolativc pi>Mliuns, but in a IVw in-
utan.'i's, u number, ( oUirU'd within liraitctl anas, may rfprrs.-iit iii.ompl.ae series.

The v.Tlebni' i-onsist ot cervicals, dorsuls, cuudals and some IVoiii the sucnil ri'^ioa.
The anterior dorsals are keeled below, in th.- d.irsal series the angularity !,'ives way lo a
rounded lower surfaee, the sacrals are depressed and the eaud.ils, early in their series,
beeome laterally eompressed. The posterior, iulerior ends ol' the eaudal leulra prescnl
facets for rhevron bones; in one ant-Tior ■ audul in particul.ir, lliey are eonspiiuous with
a pronounced enlargement of tlie eeiitrum in ill. ir vicinity. In mo.st of the dorsal verte-
bra- the neural arches have be<ome di'lachid, in the caudnl.s th" base at least is generally
intact. The zygapophyses arc well dev.doped. The articular laces of the centra in the
caudals are slightly concave, those of the dorsals arc plane. There is a .onsidcrablu
variation in the size ol the ViTtebric.

It is altogether probable that more than one species is r.'presented.

The following measurements in mm. are taken Iroiu a nuiiib'T of centra found with
others within a limited an-a : —

T

CVrviial. Dorsil. S;u*ih1.

Antciitir
.Mii.i:il.

Metliai'
rautlHl.

r,u«

If

f/'nalh "f cHiitruin

llei:;lrt iif articular face.
Itri-Hclili " *'

l.t J
1,! .->

i:t .-p

17 0
\-> 0
17 0

17 0
1.1 0
1.') 0

1

IS .-,

15 .'•>

i
i:tO

1-2 r, '

11 0

70 :

j

11 .J

10 0

6 0

l.i 0
4 5

.V large dorsal from Mackay creek has the following dimensions :— length of <en-
trura, 270 mm., height of articular face, 22 0 mm., breadth of articular fa<-e, 28-0 mm.

Chnm/jsofdiinis is known, also, by comparatively •omidete .-keletons from the Lovv.r
Eocene of Kheims, frame, and Erquelinnes, lielgium.

Belly River series, Red Deer river, WM, 18'.i8 and VMH.

VertcbriP were collected at Mackay crcek,near Walsh station on the line of the V. V.
R., in IHSO, by Professor John Macoun ; on lielly river, \. W. T. (Nos 40 and 41), in
1H»1, by Dr. C. M. Dawson : and at Uoss coulee, near Irvine station, by Mr.T. C. Wcstou,
in 1BH4.

17

Ijitir

cuuiihI.

IS 0

5:t

4 5

8(iUA.MATA.

TiiooDuN, Li id) .

TuuoiHiN FoKMosus, Lt'iily

Tri>f<tiin f>irm'ii'ii, I,i,i<ly. Is.".?. I'l-m-. Ai-^iil. N:i',. Sui. riiil:ul<'l., v.il. mm, p. ":.'. ami IfCO, Trans.
Aliier. Philos. Sot'. ICxliiiet Virli' irnt.i from tlu' Juilith river iiiiil (ireiit Lignite furrniiliuiis iit' Neliroska,
p. U7, pi. 9, li^s. ri3, 54 iinil .'I'l.

Two t.'i'th Iroiii Ki'd I)>'T riviT, ImOow tin' iiKHilh ul' Birry .ink, mlt.i' with
Li'iily's type in fvery i'ssouli:il parljiuhir mid am cviili'Utly irleralili' In his spn iis.

Oiii- of the spi'iiini'U.-i lias clev.'Pi di-iiliilcs im iMllicr side of its ciittiirj; I'd'/e and is
Kliifhtly worn, Ui'ar thf iipix, on its less ■onvi-x sidi'. Thi' other has elevi'ii dc iilii'lcs on
Olio I'dj^i' and i.-i simihiily worn iicir tlu' top, Iiiil one or two s.'rrations an- liroki-n olf
hiar thi' hasi' of the opi>o>ili' idu'.' so that nine only can hr lounti'd. Thi- hollow hasfs
of both ti'ctli are impcrfi'i t below.

Belly Kivi'V serii's, Ri'il l)ei>r river, i'.lOl.

This speeies is phued provisionally with the Luierliliti.

CllUCUDlLIA.

CiioioDll.i's iniMii.is, Leidy.

Crn,;,:liliiM hniniUi, U-h\y. ISiiO. TiiUK. Aiiier. I'hiliw. S.ic. K.«tiiict Virteliratn f rum the J ilditli
river auJ (ireat bi^-nite forai itioas of Nelinisk i, p. 1 lO, pi. II. fi}<s. 0 19.

T.'eth of this speiios iir' found abundantly in the rorks of the Helly Itiver serieM.
They are iu the form of eloii'jate ,on.>s, slightly eurved inward, with two angular loiiiri-
tuilinal ridges deliiiin;; the sliijhlly llattemd inner side Th'V are generally (jiiife
Biuoolh, but in some si>eeiiiieiis, a distinct folding oreorrugalionof the siirfaei> is observed,
more parlieularlv in ihe upper half of small and medium sized speeinieii.s. Thi'ir bases
Hre slightly excavated. The api. is !.'en"rally show signs of wear.

>fuinerous examples al.so oe -ur of the low, rounded giTin-teeth, hu'ured by Leidy,
that have a silkv lustre, caused by the presenie of minute, close-.set, discontinuous
ridges in the >'namel, converLriiisr toward the apex. They are. however, somelimes olon-
iratedVi as to be mo<lerately pointed above

Belly River s.'ries, Red Deer river, 1S1»7, lH'.t8 and I'.'Ol.

Teoth of C. hiniiilis had previously been ccdlected, but not determiued, from the
rtaine series of rocks, as follows: — Professor John Ma -oun. Mack.iy creek, near Walsh.
» station on the line of the Canadian I'acifi.- Railway, easi of Irvine, ISSO ; Dr. (r. M.
Dawson, Bidly river, N.W.T (Nos. 40 and 41). 1H8I ; Mr. T. ('. Western, Ross . oulee, uear
Irvine, 1884, and Irvine coulee, ul.so near Irvine, ISHS.

48

I 1

i I
) I

li

BoTTOSAllEUS PEKllUdOSUS, Cope.

Vertebrata of Cret.v

Bollo«,uru.p.rr.:,o,u>. Cope. 1875. H-port U.S. (!eol. Survey Terrs., vol.
ceous Formations of the West, p. 68, pi. vi, figs. S-i.

A left mandibular ramu«, from which the iK>st,.rior ends of the dentary and splenial
bones and the articular and .oronoid elements are missing.

The sui,ra-an..'alar shows, on its inner posterior surface, the facet for the arti,-«lar
bone and also in its lower border the ,K,sterior end of the external mandibular foramen^
The lower margin of the internal mandibular foramen is seen m the anterior half c.t the
ani^ular The external surface of the dentary shows small, deep pits directed forward
and inward, from each of which a shallow groove passes backward tor a short distance ;
2 pitrrre arranged in somewhat obscure longitudinal rows. The lower outer sur a.-
of the angular is rugose, from the presence of deep groove, running m a long"^' "'"I
direction This outer sculpture changus, in the supra-angular, into an irregular andl«>ld
network of ridges enclosing deep, sunken area-. Altogether the surface markings are as
shown by Cope in his figures.

There are sixteen sockets for teeth, the second, third and fourth of which, counting
from the front, still retain a hollow root. The symphysis is well sh.,wn. The front end
of the splenial enters into the formation of nearly one-fourth ol the symphysis. A for-
amen passes through the splenial immediately behind the syraphyseal surface.

The species is still further represented, in the collections, by the occiput of another
individual, obtained in 1901, and requiring further study Nntnerous vertebra, and bony
scnies of Crocodilia have also been obtained, some of which will probably be found to
belong to this species

MeaMurem^ntti.

Ejtimated length of rainun

\>'idth in front

Height in line with posterior nar-in of externul n.un.liliular
Width of lower Iwrder where the laxt measurement w»s tikf

Height of symphysia

I/ength of same ... approx

Width of first two soikets

f r.i\

M.

35S

•o;ti

063
■016
•018
■0*1
•Oil

Widtn ot nrsi iwo sui»tri.!i .flO"'

length of next three ' '

length of tenth and eleventh sockets

I/ength .f fiftei'nth socket

Diatan.e between outer ed(,'fs of (luiidnites, posleiiorly
Height of foramen magnum .

008
006
•-•01
014

Belly River series, Ked Deer river, 181t7, 1H98 and I'tOl.

49

DINOSAUKIA.
DRYrTOSAUKlDyi:.

Dkinodon, Lciily.

DE1N0IX)N IKJBUIDUS, I.eidv

D'iiiinluu horiiiliis, Ijiily. IS'id. I'nx;. Aoiul. Nul. Sci. Vliiladel, vi.l, \iii, p. "J.

" " Ijcidy. 1N(JU. Trim-. Aimr. riiiKis. SiK . Kxtinit Vcrtelinita frimi tlio Judith

llivor and (jreiit U;,'iiilo fnnnatinii.i of Nilirii.'.ka, p. 1 II), pi. 'J.

A niiml>i>r of mogiilosauvoid tifth, tlu' largest of which measnrrs flO mm. r ''•
couvci curve, are nd'erred lo this sp<'i ii's. The general shape of the teeth anu h-j
serrations agree closely with some of Leidy's fistured types, vii!., those shown in figures
21 to 32 of plate H of the above quoted work.

A danges (including terminal ones) and ii metatarsal with fragmeuts of

I. , probably also referable to this spe. ii's.

Itelly River series, Red Deer river, lf<lt7, l!<U8, VmH.

That Leidy was rorreet, in supposinj^ Ihat the teeth to whieh he gave the name
DeiHtxluH, belonged to a siua:le animal, is most probable, iu view of our present know-
ledsre of the tei'lh of carnivorous dinosaurs. The teelh of ' inoilnii were evidi'ntly
sliurhtly heterodont, tho.se used, iit a latirdate, forthi' foun<lation of the gfnxis Aiibli/sodun
bi"iug probably the anterior teeth of Deinmlun.

Dr. O. r. Hay has recently pointed out (American (iccdogist, 1«99, vol xiiv, p. 3-lC)
that the name Deinniltm, as oriirinally spidl, is ;iot preoccupied. This nami-, as a generic
terra is here retaini'd and I lie name AiiIiIijmhIoii is reirardcd as a uoineii nudum.

DeINODOX KXIT.ANATUS, Cope, (sp.)

Plate .\V, lias 11 ami 12.

f.n/iip;) fj-platMtuK, Copo. \X'i'>. Vim: Acail. Nat. Sci. I'liilaclcl., v.il xxviii, p. 249.

A small tooth agreeing with Cope's description. The posterior concave edge is
minutely denticulated thronghout its IcuLrth. The convex edge, in its apical half, is
still more minutely serrate. One sidi- is almost Hat, the other gently convex.

M.

length from contre of haj*o to ajiex . 01 li

, mitero iKwterior ■ OOri

Diamoter at l».iso ^ ,j..,

I tr(ins\ ersp ... (rM

7

so

Belly River nerien, Bed Deer riviT, 1901.

Many small teoth of the Meijalotauroid type have been ooUortod from those bed,
Probably some of them will be found to belon^' to other spe.ies of thw genus describe
by Cope.

i i

ORNITIIOMIMIDiE.

Ornithomimus, Marsh

Oknithomimuo Ai.Ttia. Sp. nov.

Plates XIII and XIV, and plate XV, figs. 1-8.

A hitherto uudesoribed spe-ies of dinosaur, belonging to the Ormthumimidrr ax
referable to the genus OrHilhomimu, of Marsh, is represented by a complete right hli
limb (including the foot), the phalanges of the lelt foot in place, a pubic bone, and .
ischium, of one individual.

With these, as probably belonging to the same species, are included a poster!
dorsal vertebra, caudal vertebra- of remarkable form, phalanges of the manus and
number of teeth of peculiar shape.

The femur, tibia, metatarsals and phalanges of the ix>«, except the terminal on
are hollow.

The femur is shorter than the tibia. The astragalus is closely applied to but dc
not coalesce with the distal end of the tibia; it has a well developed ascending proc,
apposed to the front face of the tibia. The fibula is slender and the tibia has a promin€
cuemial crest. The .alcaneum and the tarsal bones were found in place. Metatarsal 1
.8 iu Ornith,mimus velox,* Marsh, Kts closely against metatarsals II and IV, and is, a sh.
distance above its distal end, triangular in section with its flat face foremost, t becon
attenuated above and passes behind the other two metatarsals. Metatarsal V, rep
s.-nted by a short, laterally compressed, slightly curved bone, lies close to the proxiii
end of metatarsal IV.

The phalangeal formula is 3, 4, 5 ; digit III is the longest and digits II and IV
of about equal length. The terminal phalanges are sharply pointed in front, rat
straight, Uattened below and deeply grooved on the sides. The grooves are carr
forward to the extreme point and indicate the presence, during life, ot a long but
sharply curved or i>oiuted claw. The other phalanges have de.'i) pits, one on each s
of their distal extremities. The shape of the terminal phalanges suggests a foot,
suitable for grasping but adapted rather for speed in running, an idea earned out by
slenderness and lightness of all the bones of the leg.

The posterior dorsal vertebra, plate XIV, fig. 1. is decidedly amphiciclous, the coucai
in the anterior face of the centrum being more marked than in the posterior one.

•HuitMiith AnDO»l Report, U. S. (leul. Survey, IKDS, pl.te Iviii., fi|!. 2.

ID** .

I I

61

thi-si- bed».
g dettvribod

nimid<r and

rij^ht hind

jno, and an

a postorioT
anus and a

rminal ones.

to but does
ling process
a prominent
ptatarsal III,
td iK« a short
It beoonn-B
sal V, repri'-
the proximal

I and IV are
front, rather
•8 are farried
oug but not
on earh side
its a foot, not
sd out by the

the roncavity
ior one. The

/^

//•:/

:. II. A. Right hin-1 \\m\t of Oi'»ithi>miM».y nllHM \
right lateral AMpeit. H, fixit f>r the .iAiiu- ; fniiit
view. 0, distal einl of tibi». D, proximal I'lul of
metatamaN. K. dintul vviA of iwmc. F, traiisv.rto
■ection of tibia. Figiircii om'-»ixth tho nHtiinil Mizi'.
It, iwhium ; F, fvniur ; ;», pubis ; T, tibia ; F,
tibula ; a, astragahiK ; n*, am-rii<linK priK-<*«« of
aHtragalufl ; r, calcaiuurn ; ^ tanuil Ik)IIp ; II V,
tli^t*. The tHchium am! piiliiii are indiratf^d in the
ptHiitioo, relative to the femur, in which th«j wrrc
found.

/k

3.

%

■t

I

i

I

si

I
I

&9

cimtrnm i» constri.t.d at mid-lt-nRth ho as to have .oiuuve sidi-s and lowi-r Burface, thort?
being at oith.r end of the la'tor a broad midiaii groove. The neural arch does not reach
lar below the top of the eeutrum. The diui^physes (imperfect in the specimen)
hav.- stout bases, relatively broad in their ant.ro-posterior diameters. The faces of the
prezygapophyses are dire, ted obliquely inward. The neural spine is well developed,
short, deep from back to front, shallowly concave on its sides, with ru-^ose, slightly
excavated, anterior and po.sterior surfaces. The centrum is hollow, its walls dense and
about 2.^ mm. thick at mid-length, the inner space extending lo within about il mm. of
either end.

The caudal vertebrie, plate XIV., fiL's. 2- .'., and plate XV.. figs. 1—5, supposed to
belong to this species, are remarkable for the suppression of the neural spine and the for-
ward horizontal extension of the i)rezyifapophy8es to a distance in advance of the anterioi
end of the centrum nearly equal to the length of the centrum itself. The postzygapophyset
are represented by a backwardly directed, laterally compressed, nearly horizontal process
that fitted between the prolonged prezygapophysial processes of the su. .ceding vert( bra
The centrum is long compared with its height, slightly concave on its sides and lowei
surface, with a strong median groove below. In different specimens its interior may bi
moderately hollow or instead a numb.r of va. uiti.s of variabl.! size may be present
Small facets, for the attachment of the . hevron bones, are present at the lower, posterioi
ends of the centra ; thes.' are not recognized at the anterior ends. The neural spine ii
sometimes represented by a narrow, rounded ridife (shown at " w " in the specimei
figi.. d on plate XV., fig. 2). The prezygapophysial pro-esses are broadly expanded later
ally, contracting and thinning gradually anteriorly, their outer edges overhanging th.
■id.'s of the anterior end of the . entrura and eit.nding lower than the m.^dian uppe
surface of the same ; their lower surfaies are slightly striated longitudinally. Th
neural canal is small, its outlet, anteriorly, is wid.r than high and is roofed over to
point above the anterior end of the c.ntrum. Thes.' caudal vert.'brii" indicate a tail o
considerable length but their maun.r of articulation would scarcely admit of mucl
lateral motion.

A number of phalanges of the supposed manus of this spe. i.s are also hollow bu
present a difference in the shape of th.' terminal phalanjr.'s whi. h are curved an
laterally compr.'ssed with a grvove on ea.h side .xteu.Miiir from the apex ba.kward an
dividing into two branches toward the proximal end. .Tudaing from the siz.- of thee
phalang.'8 the manus was smaller than 111.- pes, and their shape sugg.'sts a graspin
capacity ; the terminal phalang.'S were probably encased in sharp, hooked claws giviu
their possessor the power of t.'aring its prey.

Two bones, probably the distal ends of th.' first metatarsal* and the first metacarpa
were found with, th.' phalanges of the iiianus above referred to, phalanges of the pes,
separate astragalus and a calcaneum.

• •• Fore .H..1 Hm.l Limlxof (•ar..iv„r.,..» im.l lUrl.iv""...- I>i...,=«uir« frniii the .hn^mic of Wy..iiiii.K," Itull.lin A
Muii. Nat. Hi»t., v.,1. xii., ISil!), l.y Henry l-aiili.1.1 lhli..lll. Hk". .1, » :im.1 4a.

\0n\

53

Mefuntr' meittti.

M.

no

niio

II-.'
1)11
0:10
:t:tri
100

Length of fiiiiur. ....

Gatiiiiated len|{tli uf til>ia (from two s|ceiinpni()

Ant«'r*>-|io8t*rrior diiiiiiett^r of .shaft of femur u'. iiiitl-lenv'th

Circutnfcreni'e of shaft <'f tihia lit ii)i<l lt"i}{ih (of another inthviiluul)

TransverHe diameter of nam*' tihia alrnvt' distal end

Width of cavity, in fume direction, when- pn'ci;dinj{ mcii.siircmi'nl was talct-n

Length of luetatarsal TV

Length of metatarNjil V (tioiifuiicliiiiial, itnpi-rfo-t at proxiiii.-il t-iid)

Length of digit II I 'i I

Ivenijth of dixit MI "-l^t

length of digit I V ■ H'">

The tooth represented ill fii^x. liiiiiill^ioriiliili' XI Y is pnn isioniillyassorialeil wilhthiji
speeien und i» regarded as beinif from the anterior portion ol' the jaw. A similar tooth,
figured by Leidy, in his memoir 011 the Judith river vertel)rata (Traus. Amer. rhiios.
Soe. 1850) is referred to in his description of the teeth of Deinciliin Imrriilus as an aber-
rantly formed spceimen. Leidy suspeited the tooth to he an iiuisor.

In the tooth figfured on plate XIV, one only of the posterior keels is dentienlated
and that only for a short distance at the centre of its length; the other is smooth.
Another specimen is apparently without denticnlations.

A number of teeth of this shape, with others intermediate in form between them
and the orthodox Meffalofnuroiil tooth, were coUecti-d in the Red Deer river district. They
are referred to the present species on a<connt of their frequent occurrence with and near
the remains of O. uttus.

The estimated length of Omilhomimus tiltus is 22 feel.

Belly River series, Red Deer river, 18!i7, lt<OS and lnOl. The riirht hind liml) with
the phalanges of the left foot, were found in 1001, below IJerry crei'k.

The following remains of this species besides ihose already mentioned have been
I'ollected ; by I'rofessor .Tohu Macoun, in INHO, on Mackay creek, near Walsh on the line
of the C.P.R, phalanx of pes (Belly River series) ; by Mr. T. V. Weston, in 18H4, at Ross
coulee, near Irvine, about eighteen miles east of Medii ine Hat, pari of a caudal vertebra,
phalanges of the pes and a phalanx of the miiiius (Belly River series) ; by Mr. Weston,
in 1880, part of a caudal vertebra and phalaii'^es of pes, labelled, lied Deer river, range
xxi, tp. 32 west of 4th P.M. (Kdmonton series).

STE(K)& URID.E.
Pai.«oscincu8, Leidy.

rAI.«08CINCUS CJ08T4TU8, Leidy.

/'almscirtau '•oilatuii, U'idy. If*ri7. Prcic. Acad. Nat. Sci. I'liiladi'l., vol. viii, p. 72, and IHfiO,
Jrar.s. Amer. Philos. Sou. Kxtinct Vertehrata from the Judith river and (Ireal Lignito formations of
Nehraska, p. 146, pi. 9, figs. 49-52.

54

In th.M0ll.HtionR aro a f.w te.-th that .annot bo aiitiiiRni.hed from Iho one tiguri
l.v L.-idy in Ih.- latfr of tho above two publication.. Of th..»o, an average ^iwimen ia <
tho same Bit,' m the type ..nd ha» the «am.- nuraberot aerrations. A» the crowns oi .on
ar- worntheciact n.iinbor of nerrationB that th- tooth ha.1 originally cannot alway. J
uBcrtaincd. Th.ir aide, arc amooth. They acorn to vary little in form but are prorx.rti
niitely thicker, near the baae of the crown, than the type.

IWUy Uiver acrica. Red Deer river below. Kerry creek, I'JOl.

rAi4*wciNct'H A8PER. Sp. nov.

Plate XVII. lig. 5.

The tooth for which the above name i. proponed is in the form of a laterally coi
prcHHcd cone, with a serrate edge and rug-se aides. The rooi %va. evidently cylindru
but ha» K-en broken otfcloae to the base of the .rown.

One side of the crown is more rugosely striated and Hatter than the other which
do.i<ledly convex. The trenchant edge has eighteen serrations, lifteen only of which a
s..en in a aide view, as the last three on the right (as figured) are paired with thr.-e oth.
of equally small si/c. The groove separating these three pair, is deen and deci.le<l. 1
other end of the tooth i. llattened in an almost vertical direction ; „.re the .erratic
curve toward the nide of the greater rugosity. The broad apical denticle is the one t
.hows the moat wear. The base of the crown is evenly rounded below to meet I
fang.

This tooth differs materially from others of the genu, described by ^''iiy^lf Mar
The s.-rn.tioi.s are more numerous, the sides more .onspicuously ridged, wh.l.t the .lou
row of .lentides at one end of the cutting edge, besides being novel, is most inleresti
and instructive, in that it is suggestive of a progressive step toward the devdopm.
of a double row of tubercle, .uch as is found in the molars of the MuHltnberculatea.

The speciticname here suggested has refereii.-.- to the rough side, of the crown
the tooth.

M

00:..^

IK-kU of cmw, ^^.

l>.n(!lli "f Muie ^.j

.Maximum liriacllli ii'Mir !««•

Belly Kiver series, below Berry creek. 1901.

10«||

u

[>ne iigurad
wrinifniiof
mil of tiiinu
alwayii bn
i? proportio-

terall; com-
' cylindrical

or which is
of which are
thn'c others
.ci<le<l. The
e serrations
the one that
lo meet the

jrand Manh.
Bt the double
: iiilerestiug
development
rculatcs.

lie crown of

M

•(K)fi5
•000

•oo:i

StxrK(k;rp>ui.('8. Oeu. IIOV.

StEREOOKPHAI.U!* TUTl'H. Sp. nor.

Plate XI, plate XII, ligM. 1, i, :i, 4 and r,, mid |duti' XXI. (iga. •">. 7 and H

The gpecimen of which vIcwh from iilmvc, from the nidc mid from below iirc i^ivcn
on plates XI lUid XII, rcpresentii part of the plute-prolcctcd iTmiium of a hcrbivoroun
dinoxanr, that ii, apparently, tjnite dlNtiuct from any hitherto dewribcd.

With the head waw fonid a tranHVerw HcricH of ciMisKJIied sbarply ki'eled gentcK
which will be dencribed farlher on.

The part of the head prcdiTVed in ulrongly convex traiisvergely, but only moderate-
ly HO from front to back. ('o6».tilied platen c over the whole of (he upjx'r surface and are
continued down on the vertiial sides. They are arranged with a certain amount of
bilateral symmetry, are quite small at the centre and toward the back, but are larger in
front and very much more so on the sides. They are for the most part irrei;ulurly live or
six sided, with rather undulatory surfaces that are marked by an irregular, raised, struc-
tnral cross-hatching, feebly suggestive of the surfaie markings of the plates o( Niitosnu-
rut texUlis, Marsh. Small vascular openings and grooves are also numerous on the
surface. The edges of the plates are as a rule angular and sometimes raised. Kach plate
has its limit defined by a deep circumscribing furrow, so that although they are coossitied
and form a continuous surfaie covering to the head, they do not lu.sc their individuality.
A rounded node, or an incipient keel is noticed on some of the plates.

The rttmoval of sandstone from the lower surface of the sp<'cimen revealed the bones
of the palatal region {plate XII. lig. 2). The interpretation of these elements ari' as indi-
cated by the letters. The back ends only, of the palatines (p.) are seen, meeting the
pterygoids in a suture indicated at " »." From here the latter bones (pt.) extend back-
ward on either side of intcrpterygoid vacuities (v.). The ridge (pb.) represents the
presphenoid and basisphenoid elements ; it is bent posteriorly to one side '■> the B|>ecimen,
which has been subjected to considerable pressure from above and is somewhat crushed
behind.

From this interpretation of the bones of the palate it would apiM'ar that the part of
the armature preserved covers the upjx'r part of the head near the union of the nasals
with the froutals. No indication of the orbits can be delected and it is probable that
tht>y were placed far forward in the h-iid.

Part of a rib, having a T-shaped transverse section (Plate XII, fig. 5), such as is
characteristic of the heavily arraoun-d Stetfomuria, was found separately but in the same
locality, and is provisionally associated with iS. tulus. The finding of such a rib is suffi-
luent evidence of itself to prove the existence, during the time of the deposition of the
Belly River series, of a large dinosaur having a heavy protective covering of bony
plates

M

J/riuuntnwHto.

M.

3S0

i I'

.1 I

Ant«>r»|>n«UTii>r cliniiiflir ii( "|ie<Miiien ^^^

(irfftteit tniiiixMse liftiiii'tiir. j.,j

llii«hl i>f "•litre of ttjii^i nurtnci- hIkivc iIm- Ibv.I . . ^-^

Widtli "f int«ri.t«ry((..ia vai^^uilirs •'"'«' ^j

Maxiinuiii thiiknmii "I tmnial nnimturp »'"•«»

With the hoad, iuHt de«.rilK.,l. woro livo k...-!..!, bony «ute. or plato. that hav.. .in-

K .„ ioum to ttt tou..th..r in the f..rm ..I' an ar- h (plate XII, lip.. ^ an.l 4). whoH.- ..d,

r Zt \ ; Iv' la downward Thi« ohliqu.-nrv.- ,>la. en th.- low.T, ,m.r.-d .. u .

ZZ'X'ZZlZ ;-i.^v,.d fro„. ahov.. .. lUt.e in advan.-e of the upper nau wh..

iN .gain »li!?htly in advaa.o of th.- median plate

to whi.h th.- head armature, above mention.-d, l..'lo .ged.

This Huair.'.tion iH Biv.-n .r.'den.e from tho fa.t that the .onrav.- edge of th.' band
bone otS thTnluL r..»t i« fra.-.ured, .hiUt the con^.. ..!,« appears to be .nta..

Numb..rinir the ..-sirles from the right, the jun.tion between No.. 1 and 2 w.ui P
,..,.!::.;; „L tho... bet^en no., a. 4 and 5, but in the oa... of No. .«d 8 he^
Li eds,.«did not fit with sufficient exa. tne.K to remove all "l""^* *" "^J^^'; ^
L..d.id,. bv .id.-, although the •■ontinuity and .ymmetry of the .urA e ot the unc
,,W ...I .la. I.V »•« « noxKible that one or tw<. s. nte. are missing from betw

No?-.'::dTt;pria a^ ia m":::: of :imilarly .hap..d .-uto. w.-re fou.d at the .a:
T, ' 1 In addUional .cute .^mpleted the .-rie. it probably would have b.-.-n the m
Tu... p ."n meS one, or if two were required to .ill the gap Of "-''^ 1^]^^^

„ would be on the m.-dian line, the oth.r would .orre.pond with No. .1 to form auo
;! Ttaibliiilnof oiKor two .cu... to the .ori.-. would re.ult only in extend,
and imssibly llftttening th.- .urve.

The median ^utei. apparently symm.'trical, the others are a.yn. metrical, form
pair, with reversed lateral projiortion..

Th.. s.ut... hav.. an irreirularly oval basal outline, are sharply !-u with slop

Hid..s shallow yexcavat..<l from th.. keel .lowuward but .onv-.x!; a^ved trom fn-n

!k their t.sal ..d..-. ar.. d,.|in..d by «n .-ngirdlin^^ furrow l«.l«wwhl.h at a hv

M hey ar aterally expanded to m.-t ..:uh oth..r in a plan.- s«r.a,.e. A v.;ry s

!;::;;'.. r.irabove tL !n,..rm..dia,e basal s«rfa.-e betw...... Nos. :, and 4 Vas-,

markings are .onspi.uon. on the sid.s ol th.. scutes.

From the appearanc of the outer, basal ed^^ ^ of .eu.e. Nos. 1 and :,, it scm. p
able that th.>se ..ut... .-onstitut-.l he lat.ral terminations of th.. senes.

\0m]

»T

w.

L'50
210
IJR
040
OlO

bavr (ini't'

whose Bidi'H

liri'd muli'M,

Kair whii'h

'8 iho inner,
iri-d oBhicli'd,
' thi' HjHTU'e

tho hiind of

0 be intni't .

il 2 wiui per-
d 8 the fra» -
their being
i>f the undiT
roin between

1 at the Hame
iH'ii the mote
a ^i> oxiMtH)
form iinother
in extending

joni, forming

HvikI)) of itprx uf iiit'ili'iii ki'rl aUiv.' tlitt Invt I

llfiKht nf ri'iiiri' <>i ihin*r ^iirfH<-<> nt un-h i*U»u' tlii* Ifv**!

Width of iiinor H|>r<*rt'l (»f iiri'lt U'lu*-

AveraKa hi-i^lit of ti|)Ut>t ni' kei'N iilHtvr iiini't .Huriuif ot uri h

Bii««l lirt'ttiltlt of thf- vi-uti'M ( Now. 'i nn«l 1) on fitliiT n'ul- of thi- lofilif

IfaMil li*n^tliof Hikmc

Thii'ltiKwH of Ihiih' on wlijt'lt the hi-uIon n-^t, iilioui ....

M.

mo
1 .'■.
:M

ipt:i
I I.I

iiiii

lUly Uiver series, Ifeil 1 leer river, |H!t"

tu» tutu*. TiMitll, from
H*il l>et'r riviT, .1,
Mlilv vi(-w ; It, «*n<l
t lew. Tw ii'e ilie IIA
tunil ftiz,'. t l*it,riiii
oual/tf nAMtciatttl n-ith
iV. talH*.)

Tile tooth Hhown iu liir I'J, is ol the Slrnnmufiitn tyi"'. It dilferM
from those, of the Kid lleer river ilistrii t. lefi'rred to tlie Iwii ^IX'iien
of Piiliiosrimut, iiixl is iil)Out twire uh lurtre n» thus,- ol /'. tiiatuliis. It
is tigiired here with thi' idiii tliat It may eventually prove to lo'lonir
to ^. tutu*. It wtt«i lolli ited bi'iow ll.'rry ireek, on Ued Dofi- river,
in 1901.

A ipinnUN dermal plate of massive pro|)ortionH. Hl' VA. A and
U, is referred to this xpe, Irs im ik'i ouni of itw Hiiiiiliirity. in struiture
and snrfaee murkioi^s. to th'- iwisterntiiul keeled
K-Utes described iiboviv This Hpueimeii was I'ol- ^

leeted in 1H!I7. Another hirire plate Himilar in
general proiiortinns to the above and niarly as
large, a« well as niiniirons others of diti'erenl sixes
and of a \ ariely of shapes, wen- eolltn'ted in I'JOl. /

/

'r

(■

with slopinir
from front to
h, at a lower
A very small
4. Vasenlar

it seem* prob-

Plt!. (;t. S'l <;,).■> pfintii' tiling. Uiiii.il |,l.it' frMtt, l:..l |l,,i ri\.i : Mill- -^uth tin' tmi
limUi/-. .l.»l,l.- vi.'W; ;/. vi.K fniii. .ilk,M-. I /',■.,. 1.1. .",l"y r..«»i„f. .* ..,'*, V,
tut HI. 1

OKKATliPSlliK.

Ml'.NOCI.ONlUtl, Copi".

MoNdCLONlUS irvvvsoNi. Sp- IIOV.

riate XVI, plate XIX, ligs. 4-t!, and plate XX, ligs. :! and 4.

The remains of an apparently nndescribod species of this genus, consisting of the
skull of one individual and the posterior crest of another," are of espi-cial interest The

it ..ii.i.lv.l.lin.l.' iiil..M,i:,.,..u ii« to it- »lru.lur.. .iud «Ur. U..' l«o orMt- II..
„..uM.r.a aru .v.„K m«a ' >■ l«rU of I kull v.vr. r.-.nox.a)

ii

N V_i:

. W

IFocl.

Kl.; I» I|.*ln( .tf"",H/..»i,i> M-"...., tnm. »»ll»fh'nll"n'''il ""'

.t».iUli ll"' luiClll.ll

i .1/.-. II, (iMlit-tAl ; 01

„,,...,pit.l. IvU; „..,.i»l-..-; .n.m.,aU, ,.„... .hu.l,., .. n.w irf ...r«.. I. h. ^ n, .-or, ; .. «,i».

The Ur?.. iH.....Ti..r rr.-Kt form. th. bark par. of th. .kull abov ; itn ..,.rt nh

fortunl V 1, pli.a ..V th..aamir.blv pr rv.d .pe.i... hovvn ,u outl.n... from be

^ar Tl. .«rfa..of .h.-bo..e,ubov,. th.- orbit .nA fro... '''-'7'"«1 °
all.1 !■ ...wara th.. .n..dian li... of the skull, is .noaerately «.n«.th aua «how. ..o t
a horn I'ort^.

With th.- B,.parat.. p.i^terior .reX WM loaud a horn .-re, similar in .hap.- to, alt
not a» well pres..TV.-a as, the oi.i' l.-Lmginft to th.- skull.

The ,H..terior .rent in com,>os«a of the parLlals a,.a fl»^'"»»«'' ' '"''•";';;;'; J,^''.
are repr^i-nt-a by a llat. th.n, smooth median portion thai .■xp„..as lat.rally both
Ta behina; a,.teriorly it is a....ply -on-av.. below a... broaaiy .•onv..x «1k.
:ier;orl iUhi.kens Jraaualiv a..a a.vuUu^ to either si.le ts -^---d -^ '^
quam. Jh in a broaa . urve to meet the .nter...r ..xpa.,Mo.. On e.ther «d.
.^..a.an element i^ in, l.ul.d a large ...pr.temporal va, «..y or lontat.elle.

The posterior .:r..s. i« somewhat saadle-«hap.a. Its siaes ar.. wavy, with .
thickening of the bone .u the posfrior five of the sev.m rorre.ponaing - o.,v.x.t.e
Sh"r Whilst a pair of inwaraiy airee.ed «purs of bone, w.th the.r po „t«
^Lh.lv lownwara, .re develop.-a on its posterior border, one on each side of the
S The iuterva-uital element is thickened along its meaian length a,.d a m..re

» nglheniug of the b.ne o,. t,r. Hlong the ..>o.terior border, r....mblM.ur m th.a

Oil

r5

iTt»in purtK "I
ill. iIk' liifhl
■iiily in pi*"'
ot till- "rhji
■ iiti.ii" »utfif«'»
I'di'iiliil l>y '111'

1
/J

.rl>U .

Ml.

I I'zact Bh>p^ i«
II'. from beni-ath,
ward lor a ithort
liown 110 tr«ct» of

tpo lu, although

•n\. Tho former
illy bothiiirront
ivi'X al)oV'' bui
>d I'orwiird um lh<'
thiT side of till'

vy, with a Bliifht
oMvi'xiti«it of th.'
I'lr points turned
d«> of the median
id a more decided
nur iu this renpeii

the I iirreii|M>ndiii|[ itatt of MomK/immn hrtl>, <leKrrth<'d fiirtliir i>M In nil iithi-r parti of
the irekt the Iwni- in thin, more piirli> illurly ii<'»r iind << tlii iiiiiruiii "I tin' f<ii>l:inell<'ii

\ .'

t'li. I.*». I'tMlffior I ctHlt of .VoHff/'mtH* tlFtirtitm
mtinUMa nixv thi- tt)tcki«r«H "t thv tMiiif , in
f.mi mill..

vit'«ril fiitni tirnftitf4 ; uliiflitly It-.^ tltmi nn, .-tKlitli n.itiintl "i/f.
••'nniiiftrrn, ftt tli« iMtini" .ml'i'H** »! /', fwrtrul ; .V, iijuaniiMitt

Tlw

whiUt alonjr the .sinuotiK 'Urvesof thi'»i<lei« Iheed'.'e i« »har|i'X, cpi in th.' emiinriiiationH
where it in ruiuid>'d. Viwular miirkinjf» u< luroii both «urla. > s, uion- purticiilarly on th«
peripheral projevtiun.'-.

Height of iirtiit

Wiilth «l ..rl.it ...

I If ight of lH.rn com . .

Circumfereni-e lit lKi«i«' -.t horn c.rp . .

Anter.»-p«m'.rior diatiHt. r ..t Lu,.. of niuiif

Tninii\t*r>« liiaiimter ot" tia.-*.' .'t sttuif

Ummeter of u.. ipit.»l .-ondyle .

Iien'.<tii "f niiMlla »|.[.n)X

HxiKl.' '•( saniB «i)(.rox

UiliK .liiimc).'. of lower fail' .f .plM.lrnt.'

Short diaiiiptfr of lower fa.*.' "f .|UA.lrate

Posterior creHt

Extieuu lenxtli from .interior cml ..f ffwciinen (imperfecn, iiiwliiill* '.. line

tijuehint; |Mwferior ed^e^ of -frf'cimen on either -.ide ...

liPnfith on nicdiiiii line from anterior t-n.! to jwmtt'n.jr iM.nier

Henii-ltreuth ..f 8|.e.-iineii on cur^e of under s'jrf..'".'

Semi bre.ith of f(|H'ciuien liorizontfilly

Vertical drop of lal.'ral e»l){e of r t ^cinisn b«low median line of uider Kurfaie

at mid length

Aotero-posterior diameter of fontan»lle..

Tranaverse diameter of fontanelle

Circu...i.'reuM< ot DMe Ot left posterior ipar ....

M.

110

•;t3i

.14.1
1,18

•0!I2
000

;(.'>o

I'.'O

oeo

036

•4"i)
4.19

■l.-i-
•296

'248
•1T2

CO
Th.. «kull and the posterior rr.-st were ■•..lie. te.l on Ue.I Deer river in tSOl.
With thlH Ni.eoies are provisionally associated, a Mapulu ami . or.n oid. a »«""«'•»•'
iUum a rostral boue and a predentnry hone. described or referred to .„ the next succeed.n,
pages.

The s.apnla with eoraooid is ligured on plate XIX.. tig. 4. v.ewed from its tnne
side.

The s-apula is Ion.' and narrow, sli.^htly .on.ave inward in the d^^-;'"-" "f *'
l..n>t.h, stoul below, thinninu' rapidly upward, upper end ternunat.ns square ybr.adt
l".rea ins toward nud-lenu^h, slightly expanded above. Inm. n.ar^.n th.n bau
margin broad below, narrowin. toils n.id-len.th then eont.nu.n-, th.n upward^
o„.:;ied ridge extends upward, on the outer sur.aee. d.agonally -^ /-- J' JP
..nd of the glenoid cavity to the front margin eontinu.ug as a derided thi. k. ning ol tJ.
front margin above.

The .oraeoid i. broader than high, emaru'inated below the glenoi.1 eavity an
„r.Hlu.ed bmkward b.low. lower border turned inward, inner surfiwe de.ldedly coneav
k bo der at etaargination thi.k. border elsewhere rather thin, roM lor.^^
averting thiekness of upper part, direeied obliquely downward and outward, with
eUrged outer opening. A .mail foramen occurs, below the glenoid .•avity. in tl
laSnatiou of the posterior border. Glenoid cavity higher than broad, its curve for.
ing almost a semicircle.

. I„ the specimen ligured, the coracoid was probably liru.ly united with th,- scapul
,he suture between them, extending from the mid-height ot the glenoid ..vi.y lorwa,
I'ing only slightly indicated. The union of the two bom. may be n ...arded as an e
deiice of atre in the individual.

The hit scapula and coracoid from the Red Pe.r river district, so similar, in m,
,...p..ets. to .hat of Trirerat..,. ,.ror... Marsh, as liguivU in the Mxteenth Report o
rni.cdSta>es(ieological Survey, dillers in one important particular, vi. , in having t
lower border of the .oracoid turn.d inward instead oi outward.

i i

iipula and corncoiil

Mm»»rfwrnt» "f i-ajmtn ami r,n-aaiiil.

S.auula Willi orscoid (left) Cat. No. .W6. . . . , . , u I,

Kxtre,„e length of xoa,...!. with coracoid in line wuh back edge of »h«ft.
Ixnuili of wiiiula . .

Iz-ngtli acnwK glenoid cavity

Iienf{lh »f glenoid cavity, along curve

Dreadili of giflnoid cavity at 8iitur.i iM-iwecn '

BreiuUh "f glenoid cavity near either end

Uri'adt'i of ».aimla at junction with coracii.i ; inner surf.ic-
Breadth of wapula at junction with co™coi<l ; outer «urfa«

Kreaiith of scaimla at upiK-r end of glenui I cavity

Hn'adth of scapula at mid 'englh

Breailth of scapula at upper end

Bn a/kh of coneoid at lower end of glenoid eavity

Thickn •^!< of scapula at upper end near front iK.rder.

Thi.Un.-» ot. HiHe "f ridg.- «l«.ve upper end of glenoid cavity.

M.

■K79
711
•LIO
204
07«
0'.>6

I"-".

149
■23S

ll.!

11*4

■.'i3
•025
•060

[IHi

t'.l

■K79
711

•ino

20+
078
0116

i:r>

149

■238
U3
184
■2i3
•025
•060

Thicknc^M at IciwiT end iif ;;l('ni>i<l ciivty
ThickncKH of I'oriicirid in ci.iieavity lid..* funiiiii ii

Width «tf foraineii ; inner end

Hei^ht of Hanx' ; iiuiur end

Widtl) "f sjinic ; nut»T eiiil . .
Ilriijlit of .sanip ; ouU-r end

•OrtO

1)14
o:!0
02f)
010

1 fi '/ "S

lyi

^

i\

^ '

_J

^i-"

■ *-^

..k

(1 )

r

■'is

J ■

The sa.rum pl;iti' XVI, lijfs. 1 iiud '1. is romposcd
ol' iiiin' l■oo^sili('<l viTtchrji', oC which s. vfii nn' true
siirralK. thi' aiitcrior oin' hi'iiiir a luiiiho-sa. nil and th<'
ninth a raudn-sa.ral. Vii'VVi'd IriiMi uliovf its sji'ncral
outlini' is .stvn to be somrwhat trianguhjr, the ap.-x
of thi- triaiiijlo pointiiijr lorward.

The vcrti'bra' havu smooth . oiiravi' sidi-s and
under KUrl'acfs and arc swollen, where they coalesce,
so as to rorm a prominent angularity marking; the
line of union. The lower surfaies of the hisi live
vcii.lir;!' are tinted by a dcp, median, lon<;itudiual
',;ro ve that extends from the mid-lcnir h of the lifth
vertebra backward to its termination in the ninth,
th.' 'jToove being most i>roiiounced at the vertebral
junctinlis The lirst eight vc^rtebrie L'ive oft' seven
j transverse, intervertebral processes that c oalesio
distally so «s to produce a strong bai whose outer
1 surface fornis th«' iliac fa.et. Six openings are thus
left beiw.'i'U the iliac bar, the vertebral centra and
J the transverse processes. The jwst.'rior vertebra
'jrives oft a simple traiisvirse pro. ess. The innciions
.:' tlies.'cond centrum with the third, the sixth with
ihe seventh, and the seventh with the eighth are
irrcatly 'ularged by 'he iiicrc i .1 downward ex-
tension, at these poiiils, of the icurapophyses from
wliii h the transverse pro.esses spring; parti.ularly
is this the ease with the second and third lenlra. The distance ol the ilia.^ facet from
the median, longitudinal line of the saruin, d.'p.'ndent on the lensrlh of th.> transv.Tse
pro<e»ses and thi' br.'adth of the centra, is mu. h grea.er posteriorly than in front; in its
anterior half the facet is directed .ibliqudy downward, possibly with some exaggeration
due to distortion in the specim.'n. The ilia.' bar at its mid-length bends inward but
tinally rea<he8 the first vertebra by a convex .urve S.'en from the side, th.- ilia.' bar is
horizontal throughout its length with the exception of an npwanl bend ])osteriorly.
Piapophyses spring from the neural arches above and are .onnected niong the length of
their lower edges with th.' transverse pro. esses. Proxiraally thi' superior surfaces of the
diapophyses are expanded laterally so as to form a neural platform, the comiKment parts
of which are not lOnssilied. The prezygajKiphyses remain distin.t from the postzygajH)-
physea.

The specimen has been somewhat iTUshed in a verti.-al dire. tion. The diapophyses
have ai t«d as wedges and have forced apart the halves of the transverse proces.s.'s near
their basal origin. In figure 17, p. 62, the diapophyses are restori'd to their supposed

Fi... Hi

.sji'Tiiii. |.rn\ i>
Moiinr'iniiHM ititirmni,
Ol.' iinMiri.l «i/.' ; Mip

i.in:ill\ ..■H.„'ial.

It'SM til.tll 'III.-

ridi v.. M .

«9

proper positions iin<l the iicurul Hpiiifx. whosf bascii iin- wi'll pn-si'rvi)!, an- indiratid, h
(liitlfd lines, ol' ii length eqiiul lo ihiil I'l a s\>iw nf ii sei on<l wurum of ihis speiieti, iiiei
sured in the field. The diiipophyseM are apparently not linitr* i'nou&;h to effect a unio

Kli. 17. Tin' •ami' «». ruin . 1 i^jlit lalirill aii|H'. I ; ul«iut nevi-iilli the nnturil nizi'. (>, 'i, f»

phyi'lA : »/*. uviir.ll Jilatform : fis nriinil (tpilir : i, ttit»T»li.»if.

ft till iliiiiii : tl, tlia]

with the ilium. It in p«s»iV>le that Iheeoneav i>art ol'thpili:i'- I'lK-et .-ntiTed into the form
tion of the aiettiliuhim. The articular lace ol' the Mrst vertelira is sliiihtly broader thi
high but in the fare of the last vertebni the exc <ss of bnadth over the hciuht is mu
more apparent; the anterior viTtebriil face ix plane, the poslerinr one is Hat vertiial
but coiii'ave transversely. Viewed from the side, the ^acrum is moderately an hed abo
but flat below.

MffutirmmmtH of mvrum.

M

KitfHiiH' lenKlit of xiurum {.'tO; inclieK) "•>•)

Kiiwil IsiiKi h <>f I »t vert«l>r» ' '"'^

■Jnil
.•inl
4 h
.".th
fith
"th
Xth
Ml

llRlKiil of iirticulnr face of 1st vertebra

Itffatllh of >aiii«

Heiulit of nrlicular face uf 9th vertebra
Breiullli iif .aine

lui
IW.'S
092
086

(m

088
■078'
■o«.t
110
12:1
lOK

• Thi iiplMriint «h..rliK« of tlii- •liap.i|ih.vi'e» ni«y 1» ililt in » K""'. mcwurr l.i thr ilimnainl in«hing to ulikh
npci'imt^n hM ti«vn «iihjpctiMl.

i

IDa '

tl, tliA|MI

«3

AtiU^ro poHti'riitr tjiuiut't**!' of )M!Mw>t' iicurul Npine ijf tinH vert«^r»

;lr(l •'

4ili "

r.ih " .

litll "

Tth ••

Ij'Uatll Cif iliai- f.irc illilli;; ll,» <'UIVP-. .

'• •• " ill 11 .^tiai;{lil iilii-

Hn'.uidi of s.iiMf ;it its uiiii't-ior i'lui

" " " liii<i Itirjth . .

" '* •■ iHistHrioreiul

Krf^iilth (if Ut vtrtt'ltru »t iiii>I hei^lit *it' its L-oin-avc nhIks

•-'ml " •• " "

3nl •' •• '• "

1th " " " "

8th '• " " •■

• Bth " '• •• "

■•7th
Hreuilth »l junction i.f "th Willi Uth vert*hi-»
DislancH from ci'nln' of npur.tl canul U> ilistnl end of dispophysis of '.'nd

vertt'itra

Distance t«) same of iinl vuitehra

4tU "

5lh "

tith "

;th ••

07ti
UHl
OUl'

U.-T)
077
I17U
."(."iS

|J7">
(iriii
uir.
■l(i;i

O'.lll

o7'.i.

07 :i
•07:1
■08N

100
■1«7

US
115

lilt
IX".

iar>

The TiiBtral bom', lisfured on plati- XX. and the small predentary bono (plute XIX, fiw.
■> and ti) wiTe found si-pariiti-ly and raay with some probability of ••orrcitni-SK be referrfd
to thiH spt'cicB. A large ilium is fiirun^d toward the end of this report.

Thin speeies is named in honour of Ur. Cieorjfe M. DaWBon, C.M.d., late iJireitor of
the Geological Survey of Canada.

MoNOCLll.NIITri C.INADE.NSIS. Sp. UOV.

Plate XVll, tigs. 8 and 4, and plate XVUI, figs. 1-7.

This speeies is founded on a Bquaraosal, part of a parietal, a .jugal, a supraorbital
horn i-ore, the li'ft ramus of the lower jaw, and an anterior dorsal vertebra, with some
other parts of the skull, not yel fully determined, of one individual. .\ right ramus of
another individual is shown on plate XVllI. and a separate horn eore on plate XVII.

A right mandibular ramus, referred to this sptiies on aeeount of its resemblanee iu
form to the one shtwii above, is di'seribeil farther on.

The horn eore (lig. If, paire t!4) rises above the orbit from the postfrontal of whieh it
forms a part. The i)0;-tfrontal unites behind, by suture, with the s<iuamosal and below
with the juual The orbit is oval with the longer diameter verlieal. its upper . urve
lying close under the base of the horn core, its margins not ridged. The horn eore is
small, about 21 6 cent, long from th.^ upper edt'e of the orbit to its summit and 22-Hieut.
in eireumference near the base, circular in section and solid.

nt

s..ua.,..s., ...n...h«. .H...„iar iu .h..,.. "»';^ ';;-;:::'::;:;,;j:;,::vri.;:

,1 1

is

"* S
i i

'i

-\

:.• iri .1 mi.ht be expe,....d on th. inner side of the ..uamosd

I„ figure 18 the underlying bone (imperfect posteriorly) j;; ';";;;;;:'^JJ;^;;;

ontii:,. Ler the ^."--'V'"^:! : th^Lii^i^oniT. ^ o^:;. "The;::

..una ed^ed ..onvex,ty .n '"'ll--;,^;;; ^'A ^ ^w o the ,.l,u' in whieh .he rem
inner marsi.n ol the squamosal i. » .nt at "«» " » j ; ;,, j,,,,.,, r,„„t part loi

of the tone lies and its under 8Urlare is deepl> ex. «% «ti<l
diHtan.e ba.k from the postfrontal suture.

ifmtiirnn'uh nj s</i.<irm>«.i', ilo. ^

■ f)76
U'njj'li <m curve i.f oulrrt>inlpr. ,..,

Ix.n"tli on ™r\e of inner liorder ,^y^

length fron, p^terior , nd to centre "f front m.rgLn ^.^

KiTxIth »i-n>m front margin q.,,,

Tliiclini'« u«»r oute. liurdcr, at mid-length

|0«

(i5

onii'T I'diri'
, shoTtrr and
lilted, with a
V tisfuri' IX),

1/.-. Ji; iii"ifi""i»l :
r )ttW .

inner Imrder is
rend isbroiidly
liar in section,
tlu'«<iuamoMal.
I, sidc'Xii'nHiou
■use a rouliincllt'

it.d hy a dotted
• I'diji' shown a
The proximal
h I hi' n'niaindcT
nt part lor Kom.>

M.

•ri76

•533

o-j«

Thickness n«»nr inner Intnler, at nii(l'len',:th

Tiength of Ume underlying tim st|iinn)'>sjil (iini>erti>ct).

Itn*<idlh of Hiiini' at niid-iengih

OrMtml thicknem at niiillenglh

■:>02
064

o:)ii

With the pnrt» of the head, shown in liif. IH, was lll.^o found an anterior dorsal

vertuhra (fiif. !'••). "' rather small size. The
sliirhtly eoncave.

fae

l)f the

i-ntrum ol' thi.s vertebra arc

'h

Next following i.". the description of a
right mandibular ramus, found sepanitely
in 1807, but agreeini: in si/e with theono
depicted in lig. IM.

Kamus of lower jaw (riffht). Cat.
No. 284.

Itamus of lower jaw (|-,late XVIII.
fiffs. 1 and 2) stout, with an inward bend
at mid-length, low and thick behind,
elevated and laterally coinpres.seil in front
where the inner surface is shallowly con-
cave. Excavated posteriorly below fur
nearly one-third of its length, the excava-
tion extending upward alona the liai k

..„.. fuuril, .1..- m..,.r..l «i/.e. A. fr„„e vi, » ; li, lift .M.. surfaoe ol the corouoid process, and an-
vifw: n. anii-Hiir taie of . iiiiiiMii : .(, tlii|i..|.h\>i» : *. teriorly a^ the mandibular canal leading
'"■<•' '"' I'""' "• "'•: •• '""'' """■' • '• """■'' .'I'"" • forward to the mandibular groove in the

(, fiiirt for IiiiHivliof rill ; ., |iri'/.)(,M|Ki|,liy»ia ; . |mi.i rri j i i i .

lower border. The dentary canal, between

theouter alveolar wall and the outer surfa<e.

7.yga|M)pliy»:

enters from the upper and anterior i)art of the excavation by a large opening. Coronoiil
process jtout, upright, hooked forward and flattened laterally above, its outer, upper
nitfaco .-ngosely striated. A broad, low ridire, least defined toward the lentre, runs at
■bout mid lieigth, along the outer side, the surface, in a general way, above and below,
Ktreatiug obliquely inward. The dental ehamber, straight, starting al a low level behind,
ineline<l strongly upward and sliirhtly outward toward the front, its lower edire making
an angh' of about iO" with the lower border, .\lveolar ;:T(«)ves in outer wall of <Icnlal
chamber, deeply impressed toward their upper ends by a second series of groove Icrmiua-
tioni, an evidence of two roots in the teeth, beloniiing to this jaw. such as are charactcristi.
of some of the species of the CeralD/isiiln { \pnlhtiiimiilii). Heiiiht of dental chamber much
reduced forward. A number of largi- foramina present in the outer surfaie. Front bordci-.
•s viewed from the side, sinuous, niifose forits union with the predentary b<me. Twenlv-
three alveolar grooves are present in the dental chamber (imperfect posteriorly) of the
specimen figured. A small symphyseal surface is preseui in the front, lower border.

iiett»tirftii'-nl.t n/'ramnti of' linivr jtin ,

Extn-nie lenjjth a' miilheiglit

I>e|ah at iiiid-lengtti

histance fntni upperlKinJer, a little in lulva.icenf t'ront end of di-ntal i-h.-unlier.

tn lower iMwterinr Imrder t>t' Kyn)|iliy^('ttl surface

ilei)>)it of faci'i for articulation nt pnilinliuy lione

l>JHtjineft ffiini top nf coninititi jinM^esH Ui lower Uinler

M.

.-ill.-'
III'.

l.!7
09fi
19.3

bi

Li

r,6

Hrrwllli of iiironiiiil iirmniw (mni pnint nf anltrinr hoik luii'kwiir I . ..... Oil'

ThtckiiHKs ttl riMitrc of upp^r ronmokJul flxpAii^ion 024

Tliirknets of contnoiil pr<H!<'f«<< at xu iiiul-liei^ht. O.'tff

.\iiU^n» |MiKtcrior iliiiiiipter of Hyniphytmiil Nurfat« 'OTiA

Height of (wiini' -O'iri

W'ittth u( liir:{«r ifclveolar t(roovpfi At iiiirlilli* of (Ipiitnl i-liaiiilf-i OOlk

Six ^HMivi's in a Hpnc« of -07-

lliti){ht 4if uriHives, fi-itiii their ittv**' tii up|>«*r <Hlt^> of oiit<>r iilvivilitr wiill. at

iiii^lillp of ilcntnl chiiiDlNT .... -O-JH

llpi^lit t»f tiiiiip antrriorly ... oil

A iniixillary Imiic (not fii^nred) with tcuth that an- doulili- raiiir<-(l, in ri>IVrri'(l In tl
spi'i'it'H. Oiif of thi- ti-otli IN shown on plati- XV'III, lig.s. 3 iinil 4.

A K. piirato tooth, prosumably I'rom the lower jiiw. ih uImi lijrnrcil on |ilalc> Will.
waK round Bi'pnralt-ly, hut on account of itN hitving two roots, ui;rt>cini; thus with I
I'viilcni'c ul'lhH ulvi'olur irroovon of the niamlibuhir rainuH just dcscrilicd, it is likcw
rclcrri'd (o M. inHmleHsU.

MoN<)(M,O.NU'8 iiltM.i. Sp. nov.

1 i

.'/

riste XX, fijfs. 1 and :

The hone, liijnri'd on (he alw-
plate, in interpreted lus representi
the coalesced parietal« ol the p
terior (Tent ol «n undcscril
species ol' Mimmlimiun, prolial
ancestral to such later lorms
Toroaiiurut lalut and T. fi^lailiua
Marsh, from the Laramie, of W
miiig.

To I'ai-ilitate an understandi
of the view held as to the jiositi
the parietals probably occupi
relative toother bond's of the he
a drawinir ol the bone, has bi
applii'd to the ligiire, slightly r
dified, of lh<' skull of T. glailius
given by Marsh, in the Sixteei
Annual Re))ortofthe I'nitedSla
(Jeoloitical Survey.

I ;. •.■» I'lwti'rinr .T.«t "f Muui./miim li
front llwl l>epr riv.T : oih- iiintli lutl
uae. 'I'tlf ilottfil IJIK s ate fnttn a tlritw
«f l.tii> Im'HiI i»f 7'. '//m/ifx, MhihIi, iu* >
fnHii tt)Mt\c. /*. riiriftiil : .^'. S<|MitiiMi

. FniltJtIlflli-

M

•T

Thf piiriflul I'lmriciit from |{i'<l IN'it river is (iytniiit'trir:il, T (ihii|H'<l, wlh a »uh-
< vljmlririil Nhitl't ■•xpniiilili!; riipidly ImiIIi in rroiit mid lH'hiii<l. Aiiti'iinrly tlir cxpaiiNiiiii
iH roiK'UVt' Ill-low, ■trcii'Tthi-iii'il uImivc liy a mi'diiiii. roun<Ii-d rid:;!' in i oiitiiiiiulioii iil lliii
I'ontrul thittt, unci thiiiiiiQ;; out luliTully. I'oKtrrioriy th<' Hluil't dividcn, iirtirly at ri^ht
iiiiifli'M to itmdf, to either side. M> ah to Ibrni a xtroiii; tr^iiixverxe Imr Nli^htly eoiii iive u<
inid-ieiiglh above and ronvex beliiw. thin nt ilH Tront ed;re and thi<'ki'>l behind The
;H>Hterior border i» angularly roundi'd

The apace on either hiib' of the shaft represents tbi' inner halves of the supra-
temporal fontaiielloB. The bone niiHsinff from the siH-rimen would eomplele the outer
border of the foutanelles and etfert a union with the inner marsfins of the Ki^uanioNals'
The lower fuee of the anterior expansion, on either side of the median line, is striated )iy
distinet furrows that follow down the lower lateral sides of the shaft, as deep grooves,
and eurve outward on to the transverse bar. The anterior upper surfaee also exhibits
similur grooves that do not, however, pass beyond the mid-length of the shaft.

The parietal, imperfeet at its anterior end, is about one-third the sixeof that of T.
glatUu* and would probably represeut a proportionately smaller animal, an earlier and
more generalized form of the s;enU8 with lerirer lontanelles than its later Laramie
sueeesHors.

Mmntirt'infut^ nf />tifi*'t4tf htmf.

M.

Kxtrt'iiio length of Hpet-itii'ui (iinprrfnct aiil-frinil) ) :>liin^ iniHliiin lim*. .... riH4

[treailth uf fntitt 4>x|hiiimoii from iiiiHlian line to Ifft tnlge uf HfH-L-iiiifri 17H

Bn>a<)th of pmitf^rior Uinl**!- from itUHlian lint* Ut left eil^e of <4p(H*iiiM'ii '305

Ciri'iimferfiiif of nlmft at miii lKii<;lh • IMO

Hrt'iuJlh of siWiH' til mi<l IfiiKlh 'Ofi.'i

Thit-knou of wimf at itiidlfngtli. . . OTi'.S

Thickness of anterior fxpanMion at centre on nietliiin line '041

Thickness at anttriur end of specimen on ninlian lim- Olt*

Thii'kncHH on median line midway Itvtween p^mterior Utnler and narrowest [mrt

of shaft U.-tS

AMt*'nt-po8t*'riiir diamel*'r of fontunelleti .... '416

liolly Uiver soricK, Rod Door rivor. 18!>s.

This Bpooics is di'diratoJ to Dr. KoIhtI Hidl, tho admiiii>trativt' lniid oi' tho (loolojji-
t-al Survey.

• Amur. .I.mr. S,i. im%\ \tU. isni. vi>I. xlii., ji. LtW. IW.t, IHIH'. v.-l. xliii., j.. h|, plan

6«

COMPAKATIVK TAIII.K i<K lUMlN ( (»UKS. Ar, i iK SPKCIh^l OK MON<H'U»NirH AN

I'liIAONAX.

Mii||(«-|iinil|?>

i-ianiim

r..ly..i...
tiitirtiMriu

MntrN'IoiiiiiH ! M I tiH H-InninN
ir-citrvtoniKi- >|itH'ii<itt'riu<.

MiitbN-liinMia

(lawM«ii.

NllMl

boni.

UrUiUl
burn.

OHftt.

Very MUiall,
upright,

tllkltflixj III!

"liter side.

Nnrrifw, uikI

(hill with

Hcalluped |j«ir

drr : ctiuHiii-

fletl with

|mrietala.

Hup|M(N4^1

horiiM IxtiK

and

slemier.

'■ UohUNi.

UeprtMHttl,
I'urvtHi
forwanl.

Kuhutt,

^hort, tial
tf iieJ on

llUtlT Bldl',

upriffht.

Uttiff, Hlfitder,

stmight ' lonu, very

laterntly ••liKhtly

HtmpnwM'd, curved Kick

upright. ward.

None

Mli.

Mudonilc 8ii!i*,|

al«iid«ri I

cnrvwJ I

obU(|uely |

inwanl and |

bwkwAfd ;

1mm ovpr- I

h*Dgii orbit. :

Purii tal^'

Thin,

expfi.nd(><l

|M>Ntt>rii>ily

andaiiteriurly;

»>in(M>th
i bi'himl.

Twill.

? Sin-Ii-
fun;;fil.

Tliin, with

NL'ftlll>|)C«l

l«inler ; fdwer

(■mar gi nations

than in M.

criutuK.

Plate like ;

lower |>Mt<>r-

ior liorder

nlightly

•calioped.

Thickeuod

posteriorly ;

with two

incurved

hooka on back

border.

Known only
from the pox-
terior right
lateral vxten-
aion partly
underly-
ing sqaamonal.

R4-ver»'<

iihapot

•baftnu

lindric

anterior

paimio

thin, p

terior

paniuon

like.

). Single
(iingal.

Doulile
fanged.

SrKai)CERA8. Oeii. iiov.

SXEdnrEltAS VALinus. Sp. IIOV.

PittK' xxr, r.KH. i-.v

Tlu' Iwosymmt'tricai, rompait bones, rcprewutedon plato XXI, wore fouud separate
Thi' lowor portions of their siiles, as well as their ends, consist of sutursl surfai-es, ir
I'lUing that other l>oneg were firmly united to them and completely surroanded thi
A transverse suture divides each almost ei|aally into an anterior and a posterior half,
the lower sarl'ace there is evidence of a line of coalescence in a longitudinal ' i ' lion i
oxleu<lin^ from end to end. The upper surface of each specimen is dome ah; .". .

0«

Mxwa-limiit"
Will.

Reverxil T

nhaprd,
•baft aulicjr'

lindrical,
anterior ex
paiiHion
thin, |MiH-
terior ex-
' paniiion har
like.

In the larc^iT Rpci'inn-n lh>> itnti'riur ciiil in |irtHlut'fil I'urwurd und i" sliirhtly •■lovktrd
tfrminatiiig ill tw<> iiroji-rlimiH ; du' xurfm't! in h<'i'i' dixtiin lly iumIohi'. In thi- latfral,
poKterior, upp<>r Niirl'urr u aimilur ruffOKity i* upparcut. The unrfuto ul Ibv n-utrulcuu-
vosity i« Hin<M)th.

In tho HmalliT ■piM'imou the uppt-r larlai'i' ia Hinooth and pitti'd llirouffhout. It in
trilolivd {lORtvriorly and iit not prrKlnii-d Turwrard iu I'rout whori', huwcvvr, twumnuU nudf*
o«Tur, one on each »id« of ihi' mi'diuu lini'.

Thu itrncturo of thu lowi-r Karfai'e is niurkod liy a uunibtT of NiniKitli, coiiravr arcuH,
iiH rupreMfiited in the reprodui'lioMN, I'roin phuto^rapliN of the HjieiiuieuH, in ligH. 'J and 6
of plate XXI.

It it probable that these bouei were situated in the median line of the head, in ad-
vance of the nasals. They may hare belonged to a NperieH iil dinosaur not otherwise
represented in the lollections from lied Deer river and. Jndirint; from thedilferuneeiuihaiH-
of the two speeiineus, more than one species may be indiiated. Miirsh iu his tigiire of the
head of Tficeralopii nerrulut* Nhows a nasal horn core (divided lM>th transverKely and
longitudinally by sutures) that may correspond to the sin-cimens from Ued Ueer river.

A third spwimen, similar to the anterior half of the larger of thu two bones was col-
lected iu liK)!. It has separated from its posterior half along the liue of the transverse
suture.

For the^e bones the name Stegwerat valijms is proiKMed with the hope that future
disuoreries uiiy aid in a clearer understanding of their affinities.

Belly River sories, U.-d Deer river. 18!t8, I'.iOl.

TRACHODONTID.K.

Tkachodon, Leidy.

Tba("Hod«»n (Pteuopkf.yx) sbiavyni. Sp. nov.

Plate III, figs. 2 and a.

This species is established principally on tbe evidence of teeth, of which a number
from the lower jaw are shown on plate III. The teeth follow eaih other, <iaincuncially
in the oaual TracKodoiU manner, three or four occurring iu the vertical s<>rie8, but seven
or eight can be counted obliquely. They replace each other from the inside and appear
in the grinding surface in two or three functional rows. When three teeth belonging to
the same vertical row are in use iu the grinding surla4e ut the same time (see fig. 3 of
plate IiO> the outer one is generally worn down to th>- root and the stump is ready to
fall out, the middle one is about hiilf worn down, whilst the inner one is either Just
I'oming into tu« or is only sli'.'htly worn.

Th'i teeth of this species ditt'er from those of T. mirahilU, Lcidy, in being rounded
oval above, instead of terminating iu a point. They are smooth in both species. A few

'Amur. Jour. Svi and .\rtti. vol. \liii, |i1. hi, H^. 4. IS1I*J.

T9

hiiri.'iirixii'- «( th<'

II

I

\

\

\"

niiiiul'', (i>(|j<|ii.'ly lriiiii«v<n.c »lriii' itn- nlwi-rviil on ll iiiraiMi. of (lif Itilli i>r T trhryiii

tml Ih.y iin- priKliMilly nunMilh, 111.' murtfiniil, or Imrih-r wulpiuri'
l.-elh of lh>' HiMtii'!. (l«iM rib.-il in tin- m-xt lollowinif
liair'H l>i'iiiv ulwiil.

A few, vi'ry larif niumliliulur nnni withmil
ti-fth, one ol whirh ii« r.^priwiiicU in ftir :;<. A. ur.>
"OpiWHcd lo lirloni^ to thi* Hpciii-n.

A I'l'inur, provisionally «»*><i«li'«l with T. ,«7iff vm,
wmt HiTUtiMl (liirinn the HUiiinuT of lOOI. It nn'Oxil-
,^ t.h1 about 1 M:, M (■>••.

iiii'hcM) in li'Mgth when '
piTl'l'i t It iM •">H"> M.
and ADS M. in rinum-
fcn-nrt' bImjvi' iind Im-
lowthtt third tr<H'hunti-r
restM'ctivt'ly, and iudi-
rutt-N thi> Ni/t< uttaini-d
hy Bome of the herbivo-
rous diiioaaarN during

Mid-CrelBieous timoH. | '■ , . .' o

For thi- purpose of rom- i
pariHon a reduced figure ~~'

of thi8 immense lK,ne is »'■' -f •; "-•" ;'•« "' "•''•• '•■•"'■• "'/';"»'
uiven With 8 Himilurly ,|,„. „, ^^,,,, ,,.„„„. „, i.j„„„„i„., „,„„»,//,,
reduced drawinif of the rriitiithi> \Vi'»Mi'ii"r KnuUnd om' .i»t«vntii
femur ol7iri«iM(i»/"»m««- "iii"'i«i"- *. i"-*
lelli, ( 'well, from thf
Wealden of Kilcate Forest. Sussex, Enifland (see fiir. '.'I).

Fit;. 22, iilnHtrateN, in a iliat;rumm>ii<' manner, the ^ene<
ral mode of succession of tedh in th ■ u'cnus TrarhwIoM. Thi
teeth lire represented as they appear in transversi' M'ctionsol
the jaws, the heavy lines indicatini; the keeled enamelled
crowns of the teeth. Thus althoa)rh in lK)th the npjM'r anc]
lower jaws thi' teeth replace eai h other from the inner side
yet the enamelled surfai-e of the crown of the teeth are or
the inner side in the lower jaw but on the outer side in tht
maxilla.

With this sm-cies is connected the name of Dr. Alfret
,«riiv HornuH th ;/.«„.,. ■H.io.Mi R. C. Selwyii, C.M.Cr., for mauy years, pnor to 1»!»4, Dirt'tlo;
ii.iii ill thf Riuiu virti.ui r..« q[ l\^^> Ooologk'ul Survcy.

with '/ «n'l ' ; ;/. f')rRm<^n ; h,
inHM'f 'mlar nnx»\e ; », iiiiirr wiill

ill : '. L'rt'141 tKN'liiiiilt't ;

. '±1. |Ht*un»niiMJitii ici»i"'«'iiti'
Ijnti iif the- ){r<i»lti i'f te-i-t>> ill
Trnrhifhiii. A. tiiiiuivrrw*' w ■
lion (if the iiMixUhiihtr riiiiiUN :
It. tmiiii\tr»«- w. (it'll ni thf mix
ilhi. Tlif hi'fi\> liiHH npn-M'nt
the ilMllii'lUil siirft«<-!» of X\\\
I ritWDN of thf twth. '■, Kriiniiii«

i I

0«j

ri

TliAI'llopoN- (I'TRnorRt.YX) M viKMNATli*. !4|i. nnv,

Pt»ti> 111, Hk. I. pliiti- IV, iii.'H. 1, .'> iikI <'; uikI i>I»i. s V, VI. VII. VIII. I\ mu\ \

Kii'i'lli'iitly |m'M>rvi-(l ri'iiiniiiii, nl' :i lart(<' h<-rl)iviiroiix iliniwiitir. iiiki with in .'ilmn-
•liinrc ill the U"il iK'i'r riviT iliMlriit, iir<' ri'ti'nri'd tn ihi' hIhivk mifiioii. Althoiiirh Itn'
vitriuiiM iMiiiiKorthi' iiki'ii'tiiii wiTi' iffiicrally rmiiid (lintributi'd.ii iiiiintM-r Wi'n- ilih. oviTnl
:iKM(K'iuti'<l with I'lU'h othiT, thi- ri'iiiiiiiiK of "im imliviitual. Thi'Hc< oiisihliHl ol' llu' hiiiii''-
rtiK, iilim and riulinN ol' ih.' I<'U t'ur<' liiiili. :i mctaturxiil iiiul |ihuluii<<'h ot the [»>>, ihi-
xyKttliophyiirii ol riTvirul v<'rt<'hr:i'. rili». rniLtin ■iii'< «( ti'ilh. Iimki-ii imKilii'd I'MidoiiH mid
iiii|ir"'HHioii» ol' till- iiili'Kniiii'til. Tlii> .HpiM i.'i t> rrprrsiiiicd fiirihi'r hy di«ii««o. iiiird
li'iiiorii. liliiir. iiictiit'iirpiilK mid phiiliiiiirt'K ol thi- iii^iiiiih. mini ol'thi' jnwi-r jiiw ;iiid uiiixill:)'
with p'liinrknbly well pri'NiTVfd tcclh in |iliiri-, dnrsial iind rumliil vrrt'hni', u |>iiliir Ihiih',
iwhiti, iiin, rhi-vron Imiiu'h and nnmcrous tfctli m well a.< oihrr n'lnainn probuhly ri'lrr-
«bl>* to the Humi- H|H>i'ii'i.

t)f thu boiii'B, of oiii' individual, I'ouni.' in aniioi'intion. thi> humfruH with thi* nlnn
and riidini an* iii^urrd on pliktcH VI and VII.

Thu humcmH, fiifH. I and 2. has i proroini'iit radial iT«>t that i-xti-nds, from thv i-xlornal
tnbi'rotiity abort- to idi^htly more than half way down the ahul't externally and In ri>ni;lily
Blriated at its low<'r ond for the attai hnientof the delti>id miiaile. The head in small and
Ih «np|>orted below l>y a ■*tron'j[ ronniled ridge. The proximal end, seen from al>o\i', ii
roughly triangular in Hhape, thi' Iroiil fare broadly ex. aval ed with eonxpieuoUHly roii. ave
KUrfaeex on either wide of the head behind that •ontinue forward to meet the inuer and
outer tuberosities. The rondylen are Ni'parati'il l>y a deep deprei<»ion behind, that extends
up the shaft for a short distance; in front thiy are not ^o i-onspieuously divided.

An arehaio feature is expressed in the great downward exteniion and lonspieuous
angularity of thi' radial crest. In comparing this humerus with that ol UiulroMuritt
Foulkii,* Leidy, from the Cretaceous of the east, a form allieil to this species, u marked
difference is noticeable in their proportioim.

Mi'fii'ii'f.titrntn i,/'hiim'tui,

M.

Kxtrvme length (*-" iiH"l»i'>) •CiS'.i

Ureailth at Utwcr cnil of r.idinl rroHl ■ lli.'i

Cinutiifen'iui' iiiiiUay Iwlween lower end of radwl irc^t and dintsl end. . . 'Jll.'i

llnuultli BL'n>!..< heif 1 niiil outer tulwnxity • 1 10

" " inner tiilienwity 1.10

Hrendtli aircKiH inner iinil outer tul»'roi«itie« • U.^

Ilremllli of ouliT lonilyle 100

lln'mitli of inner condyle (iiii|><Tf.Ht) 'OfO

Tiiit*l;ne.s.s at centre of conilylen ■0!I2

Tliii'knt'M?* of riilial crest near lower end "0.14

•IWi.'!. 1'r.tii
IcilKe. vtj. liv.

> II.|ilM. r llii' I'liili'il siiilo, I' :i^ |il. xiv

I.

:iiiii<l t. siiiitiiHoiiijtii c.iiti.

n

Thi' nli» iikI rwli'im MnugiiiK to tho wm>' r<>ri> limh iw ibi' hum<>ru«, mv liKun-il
* M thvjr Wen* fonnd,

Thi> ulnit ha* • KlMtiirly <|i*vi>lop<>(l oliN'raii«ii |iro<'mH tfrmiiintriiM' it* ••«|>iinil«»l
proiiinni ••ml whii'h in coni-avi' nii thrf<> aidfi no ■» to In- nubtriiiiii^uliir m mh'Ijkii. Kr»ni
iIk' iiiitlilli' of it* "halt Ji'wnwarJ, it iuirciuM-H in iiis<< v^ry iillli-.

Th>- ratliiiK Ih a mmpiirativcly hIi'ImIit bone hut ti>rintliati-H lu-lnw in » i-nrpul artirii-
iatiuv NtirfiM'H iillKhtly lurK<*r than thai ol' thi' diilal mil nt (b^ ulna.

HitiMur- tttfitU tif' itfna a-^tl ftuf'"''

M

K^UTi"* U'liKlh nl iiliui C-'H incho) ' '"••

("ircuin<Hn>ii«'<' «t niUlille ii( aliitft ' ISO

lin^lvol liniwllli iwn»M iiimiHwl pimtMa '14ft

linvlMt tliiiliMM at priixiiiml ■■nil '01*4

limitrxt ilmnMUr iif carpal kikI •'<♦

Hli<>rt<'«l ili»iiw't»r i>( r«r|iil»iHl 0''"

Kitmar li«||tli nf rwliun ('.''■ inclHw) 'O-'S

( ■irruiiitrrpno' at iiiiililli- ol »hall ' \^

I>HIK iliainrUr ii( linul ■•"*"

Sh.ir« diaoMtar ut iv»iA 054

lioiig (iiamnter ol i-arpal mmI ''*T

HlHirt diamalrr nl carpal nivl '•*•>

Thi' right fi>mnr, platf VIII. proviaioiially a»»o<i»ftcl with T tmtrgimitD'. i» illtl•^•atin|l
in many parlirulars, notably, H» (tli-nd'Tm-sa, thi- promim'iKi' v( the head, (hi' backwart
i-xli'naion of thi- rondyl<'» and thi- inarki-d di'Vi'lopnu-iit ol the third trochanti'r. Tht
Inm-r roudyli' ii larger than thn oulcr «m« , ihiy arr Imth. vi.wi-d Irom ihf Hidf
broadly roundi-d po«teriorly and jiointi'd in front Kroin th.' gn-ut troihantt-r, a promi
nrnt ridge I'lti'uda downward, for aonii' dintanri' on thi' outer front I'ai-o of the bone.

MrasHrfmenlt of/'mur.

I^rngth (riHii lop irf IrochanUT to lailtotn "f oul«r •■oiulyl* 1

l^iiKtli fnmi top III hrail l« IxitUim of iniiiT TOiidylp I

Hn-mlth ol uppprKxtn-roity.-

Kmulth ol liiwer eitmiiity.. ......

Traiwvi'nw ilijiiii«t<*r at luuldlfi »f nlmlt

Antero-p<><<t«ri«r duoiuitrr at iiiiiJilli' "f nliaft

(Jir-uuilmriK-i- beliiw thin! triKliiuilfr

Circuiiil»r«nr« alwvi* third tnxlimiler

Aiil«ro-pciiitKrii>r diaint-lrr nl hrml (imperfect)

Ant»nH|i«)«terii>r diameter (if tniclmnt4T

Aateni pi>"t«ri<ir iliamcUT ol inner condyle . . . .

I<*nKth ol tliini trochanter ...

Ileiftht at ii'iitn- ol third tnichniiter

M.

182.1

Id DM

•it64

2497

14&

134

40 tM

■4774

127

■209

■.100

•377

047

A eonipariann of thia femur with that of llndrotaamt Um'kii, Leidy reveal* a ^rea
dimilarily in their general proiwrtiouK If anything, the Red Deer river spi-i imen ia mor
alender but otherwise there are no very marked diHereiiees.

lOtl

7S

T)l« tibit Iplnli' tX, l\tf. I uiiil ^), wan |irotinlily iiol »n luiiu: n» lli>' riniiir but wim ii
ili-riiltilly ritliUht hnw. Hiiforluimlfly ii< iix ■ imrnii wiTf (le. ufinI iixkih mini wilb ri'inorn
that might bo iiiip[H)M-cl to b^'loiiu- to the miui' iiidiviiluul.

or lli<< two rivhl libiii' liirur'il iin |>iati' l\ lpri>riki>>im||y r. I'crn-tl to T ■■i:irtfiiiittUM|.
lh4' mil' .>n Ih-' ri'.-ht, wrii from iH'hind. i- roiiNJil.Tably 'ruNhoil so nn to •'Xui'.'.iruli- liic
hri'iMltli »r th>' |>i'i(iiiiitl ■•ikI ; lb>' olh<'r ii|u>( imi'ii in ri'iiiiirkiibly wi'll jui'mtvi'iI

Thin bono or Ibi- \<-a. > yliiiilrn'iil nt mid b'liifth, cxiiiimIk rnpiilly •nwnnl i'ith>'r imiI
Thi- liimmT iifiii of ih>> ili'tikl I'lid i>i iii-nrlv iti riirht piiiirli>» In Ihitl of th^' |>riixiiiiiil rinl.
Vii'Wfd finrii iH-hiiiil the iirosimal fiu'i i-. r-ivh- to In- bnniiliv i'oikmvi'. Ih'' oul^ r «iib-
I'oliKiNliii!; of It bill kw aril I y (lir<-i tcil llnntf^' (>ii thf iiiiHT siilf thi' bi'iiil i^ ilivi<b«l iiii<>
two pill I by a iloi'p furrow.

ImikUi III tilitit FUtrrBnlljF

I^niiii in fnnil

I 'irt'ttiiilomtifi St iiAtMvi-nl inirt M A>nh, jont Ik'Iii* thi

ItmkiUli i»f upiwr vxtmiiity

lkiiiit«<*t('r of iniilillf' Iff liPrul iwilt'nt }><w.ii>i-iiir y

ItrpiuitJi of L4r«itl i-Ktn*iiiity.

|l|»iiM«W*r at iiiiililti' III (nmnl Kurf.«ri

iililtx

M.

1 OtH

■JKO

.17«

•j;.'

■-'O.M
•:i:t:

KamiiM of lowor jaw, pliUtNi IllaiMlIV. Ions ni'l iiaio.v. with U>i'lhori tiiit jn<riii|i'i'p,
narrow obaraber or magaxini* in the ponti-riiirtwo-thiril.^ of l'i< !>-iigtii. (Vinmoii] priNi'KH
hi|;h, riHiug abruptly from lhi> outer nidf of Ihf pn»UTior i-uil , i.ii.rnlly rompn-Mu'd
alwve, deoply ext-nruted ((I'low poNti-riorly. An tHlfiitulou-. (irolonuntioii in fmnt < urvt-H
obliqni-ly downward and inward with n xymphyiH-nl nnriiici- at tbi' inner lo- wan! i-nd.
TIp|M-rand lower liordera nearly parallel Onter wall of dental > hiimber thii'k andNtroiiir.
with Nhallow, vertiral. ulvi-olnr grooreK iK-enpyiiiif itH iiiiUT Hid-- ltm»"- wall, vi-ry thin,
nverai^inii about - mm. in thii kneKg, without alveolar groovi'ii proper ; oldoin preM-rved.
C!oronoid pro<'eMi below. pn>dui'e<l barkward externally a.^ a thin plate of lioni' routiiinoiiK
with the outer Hurfaie of the jaw ; on itK inner (.ide it unites with the outer alveolai wall
in advance of the pnoterior end of the dental i hamber. I)eiitur> eanal leading from the
upper part of the poaterior cavity forward between the outer surlaie of the jaw and the
dental ehamber. Mandibular groove panninsr forward under the lower liorder of the
chamber. A row of foramina oomrs on the inner «ide. one Ibruiniti at the haw of eai h
vertical aeriet of teeth. A numlx'r of foramina al»o prcKint on the outer »nfaie Teeth
^•plal■ed from within, thi'ir keeled, enamelle<l aurfai-en ol the crown inside; occuriinjf in
n vertical aerieH of three or four near the middle of the .jaw with two or three of a .serien
in UK. iu the irriuding Hurfoce at the same time. Their lateral marL^inn dccorateil with
small, ronuded projectionw from near the apex downward to where llie crown t)ei;iiis to
narrow again.

Mt^tuurtmfnin nf' Uf'l rainim of' iuht jtttr.

M.

Rxln-iiie length fi.'lO

l><'plh at iniHillr iif iiiiiK«7.ine Oi'.'i

^ Wklth nt hur of inBi(iuini> . . • ll.'H

i 10

T4

l<"ni{llnrf niiKii/iiK"

I>n|ilh i>( saiiH" lit ilK mill l«n((lli

Wiillli llimuKli iii*K'"'<"<' ■^*' "■■''■"''"' '"**!"''''"'

Kli'VHtiiiii »f i'..n>iii>iil proecw »l«>v.' li)wi-r ImnliT

Klxvatiuii of co'Diioiil iirm-m* »l»iv(i up|wr l»inl.T

Aiit<T«> i««l*rior iIUiih'Ut tif ciniimiil |irnw»« nlmvn

TraiiHiiTw ili(iiii<-tiT of I'oniiioiil [irKTsii ulmvp

Thii kiii-^H of iniiiT alviiiliir »»11

Kortv 'lix nlvfHiliir uniovrt*.

Iliiiiiii'UT of ilciiUl fiir«min« (InrfffHt)

Ihaiiii'irr of ilrnul fomiiiiiiit «t ••n<l« of norii'K

KIcMttion of uriniliiiit aurfiu-o of twlli aUivi- iiIkh of ouU-p wall

HinUnn' from front of ma«n/.im- t" aiili-rior I'ml of sym|iliy»Piil ^urfu.i'.

'4UU
■OSN
OtW
332
■IM

uin

•102

005
040
07.1
182

Maxillu. pliUf V, robust, hisfh at tho .pntri', slopiii); downward lowrnl oilhor on
111.' dnitsl . hiiralx-r ...lupying n''«rly th.- whoK- of itN l.'uiith. S.-oii from aliovo, II
piiHi.Tior half iloiMu ..bliqn'fly forward and outward, whilo th.- r. verw 18 Ih.' .as.- i
front; at the .'xtr.-m.- nntcrinr ond Ih.ro is a limiti-d slop.' imlim-d obli<inely outwar
AUo, vifwod Irom al)ovi>, the poNt.'rior half i« Htraiifht and broad.-r than the front hn
which narroWK to a rounded, outwardly turned point. Inner Kurfa<e ruther flat. (.)ul
MUrfiK-e with a rounded ridite runniiitr hori/ontally from the jMMtterior end to ra.ft tl
fa.el for the nrli^ ulation of the anterior end of the jugal. ( )n the inner, upper aide b.-hii
mid-lensth, u fa. .-t, probably for the palatine, i« present. T.-elh repla.inR each oth.-r fro
th.' inn.-r Hide, apparently not more than two of « wriet in uste in the !)rrindin)f Kurfaie
th.' «ame tim.-; the rarinit.'d, .'uamelletl fa<ei. of the . rowna fwiuR ..utward. A row
foramina, »imilar lo that of the lower jaw, e.mapieioua in the upper pari of the inni'raid
Several larife foraminao.-. ur in the anterior half of the outer side.

mi

MetUMnmtHit of right marHla

K«trenH! length

Kilrrnir ileptli <rf sami" (imprrferl alnvo)

I.enKth of <lfnt.il mritm

Thitknus of maxilla at mid Irnglh

|)i»lan«' apart of loweredgi". of alveolar wiilU at raiillongth

lMHl«nce a|«rt ..f «am.' near anUrior end ■•

I tistance apart of »am<i near |>nHterior en.1

DiHlnm-e of mw of foramina (forty in numlier) aUwe eilgi. of iniwr alvi«>lar

wall at centre . .

ProjiK-tion of .>iit<-r iilije of f{riii<linK "Brfaoe irf l«"tli Iml.m «lge of outer

alvc.lar wal at cwntre

I'roj.iii.iri of iniii'r nifff .if samn In-low i^tlKii of itimir iilvDolur wall at i-entn'
A^fra^.' horizontal ilitmi'ler of fiimmina in inner alvijolar wall

.M.

-.IfiO
•117
•»IA
•07H
•02.t
'0I«
'Oir>

01 u
(to"

(147

I'nbis. plat.' X, liir 1 (proviKionally lUinoeiated with T.martriiuiliis), produ.'.-d lorwi
into a briHiil, lliiu. tritUKV.rs.'ly .ompreased, spatnlate expansion that is Hliifhliy « ouit
on ilH <mt.'r snrl'a. .■. I'onteriorly a Hl.'iidcr i>ostpubi<- prin-etw, Kpringinj? from a \>tt
insi.).' iin.l in mlvan. .■ of ih.' base of the p.'d.'»lal Ix-arinR ihe is. hia. fa< .t, is dire.l
lm.kw:ird on Ih.^ lower iMml.r of Ih.' iwhium with whieh it .'H'eitii a lifcaraenlal uni

D*.

7a

Iliw facet Hinall, M-|itirMlc(l from ihf iwhiiii- fwi'l l>y ix wide. •'ii||i'iiv<
liatiuii thnt foriuD almut uiiu-thiril of thf wliolc urctaltulur linriliT.

uri-liilinlar i'iiiari;i-

MnUHn'HttHtu itl' fltlhig.

M.

LriiKtli uf itu«l»liulnr l>ir<l<rr aiiiiiK I'urvx "IXt

Uii«Uuii.'» fnHii i-i'iiln! kA isi-liiiic fHcrt U> ct'iiln' uf iliiu- t'nt-vl ' JO*!

UnMultli lit uurniwrat |iikrl 4if aiiUjrinr i'\|Mii.siuii 'O'J'J

Thii'kiH'xH nt itntre iif ii«rn>wr!<l [wrt 0^7

Itreiultli of H|MH-ifiieii anUtridHy {un\wTi9Bt) 174

Oirt'uailri»ni» of liana of |N»tpul)ii' procww OWJ

Vertical iliainntifr of iwhiuc fiu«t 'OtTi

(in'HU«.«t ihicknutN iliKhtl) in luivaiKe of lu^rtaUulur iMinliT '022

(intntrat thickncH at ceiilreof anterior mil (iiii|itirf<!ct) of i<|N'i'iini'ii tllM

liijiKth uf MpeciiiH'ii from iiichiac fai-et to anterior mil ItS'i

Katiinaieil Irnjflli of puliiN, wlim (lerfit't, fnim anterior iinil to }MKit4>rior enil of

postpubic prucvwi ( ;I7 inchm) ' 'JIU

Urhinm long, |ilatu X, tig. - (proviaiunally aKiMM'iiiti-il with 7'. miirt;i»ahis), lutrrally
roiiipri'iuM-d, broadly expandud proxiinally and eliding iliNtully in a I'oot-MliaiHMl oxln-
iiiily jiointiug downward. Shaft alinoat straight, ita uppiT I'dgc riirvinir rimcavi'iy and
broadly upward to mcot the iliar fai-fl Tppt-r i-xpandi-d part vrry thin, |ilali-liki-,
thii'keued abmptly, ou i^ilher side of the thin, couiavc t-dgi- of tho arclahular IxirdiT, to
form well devclopi'd iliac and pnbic fai-cta. Thf aurfari's of tin- larrts vrry riigo8.>. A
narrow postpnbio facet uxtends, downward and baikward at riohl anulcK to the pubic
facet along the lower front border of the \ ruxinial end. Itelow thi». facet and Kcparaled
Imm it by a concavity in the thin margin is a llange of IfOm- lor the furl hi r Kupimrt of
the jioBtpubiH. Inner aurfaco of diatal half, Htrinted lungitudiually for a ii^'aineutal
union with its mate of the opposite side.

MetUHTtrntnU ul iufhinm.

Kxtn^ine length from iliw fiui't

DikUnve fnini up|ier end of ilim- facet lo lo»ir eiiil of (niliii- faitit

l^i'ngtli of acntaliulai liunler iiiriMureil ihi loncaxity

I^Migtli of iliiic fai-et

Itn'iultli of same

lii'nxlh of pttt>ic facet ■

Bmulth of aanie

Length of postpubic facet

Ure*dth of same

Circumference at midlength

Breadth of expanded distal end

Tiiicknnsa of lower part of same • .

Thicknes* of upper part of name • ■

Thickness of prosimal espansion at centn'

M.

or>o

Iiu
l.ir,

IMiO

oto

•OJO
•122
013
1«2
0217
070
040
01 r.

A number of ilia, representing diflerent typ<H of herbivorous diiuwaurH. are included
in the collections. In fig. 2M, three of these are shown. The upper one, A, is of the
.tfiiNiH'/tHiiMi type and is arbitrarily associated with M. 'Inwsimi. another. It, in referred to

;fi

TriuJifotoH maririmiliit (pruviKioiinlly), wliiUl tln' low.T om-, C, Sltginnrnmi,! in Hit .haiiK l.-r.
may bulunj; lo Slemifr/ihalns lutm.

-'■■ ■■• \}

/

Klii.'.M. -Ili« ..I hriliiMiniiii iliii>nitiiri< fii.ni ll.'.l |).(r i
fuu't for pullii- IwlR' ; i«, fnvf! fui iM-)lilllli.

i-l ; iiiif tHrlflli till n.iliiriti )ii/.iv A, riuhl itiiiiii of
r, thm ipf iV. ,■■.«. /.W/i. '>!'».. .4, M I tahiilniii : /".

TkaoIIkDON (["rKKOPEIAX) AI,TIDENt>. Sp nov

Plate IV, ri);B. 2, aund4.

A !• It iriaxilla. with tlir ici'lh pn-scrvcd, n-v.-als n. hitherto uiidi-)u'rilN<<t Np.vit-« ..f
Truth ii'/im. Tli.' tcilli an- Uliitiiirtly ii«rrow in propf.rtioii l« ihi-ir l.-npth and an- lii-anli-
lillly iiiark.d, lnr a Nhort distaiu r almvi' the api-x of the irowii. mi the raisi-d cdiri-o <>( thi-
out.r iiittinillid lace by a low, ol>li<iii."lv pliici-d, traiinv«TKcly I'loiiRatcd omhowiiiu-iitH,
whirh de< rfaw' in size gradually, from the api'x of thi' liHith upward until they Ixiome
ill. oMspicuoiiH ao a few raarjriiial denticles or iirojeitioiiK. Th- name of thi- mHMi.* is
siijrff. kIikI l.y the h.iirhl of the teelh relative lo their breitdth and the dialaaec iliey
l>ro)e. t beyond the alveolar Inirder

The maxilla iiiili.ales an animal of < omparatively wnall «»■ and slender proport ioii"
Thr«'e rows of teeth, more jjenerally two, were in U8e in the ^rindiuir MUrfao<> at the (tame
time, with lit least two or three gerii's of nun eBsioiinl teeth following, lo replaee tliow in
u«e from the inside, the slumps of the old teeth falling oul on the outside of the jaw.
la lii.'. ;i, the mode of sueeenaion of the teelh downward 18 shown, the bone having i).'eu
remov.-d for a short diatuuee Irom the anterior end of the »iH!cimen Alwut one-iifth of

|0«

t I '-«»

77

the malillu in inimini; aiiloriorly, tut wt-ll tut ,i riiiiKiUiTulilc pari »( llif NU|M'riiir iKirdor
above ihc row ol' roriiiniua. A |>roia incut, nvcrhaiiuiui; hiig<\ ruiiK I'lirwiinl. on llie
ontvr aiflv, from the posterior end, Ibrmiuir Ihc outer and lower bonier ol the laiel lor the
(tt>n\ part ol thejui^al. A notieeuble li'iituri' i» the duduire the teeth pnijeet JH-youd the
borders of the alveolar wbIIb. Four ueiiro-viiHiulur I'oruminu are < onApiriuiui) in the onler
wall iu I'rout of the ridi^o ju»t lueutioued. The enami'lleil siirfiui' of the i rovvii uf e»eh
tooth beant a ittrm;^ inediun earinution The teeth frcen whiih ihr upiies have Iktu
removud by uau are quite smoolh and do uut Khow the < huracteriatie bonh'r murkiDir».

(uMHAUATIVK TAIILK oK TKKTH UF SHKCIES (»K TIIAfltuiMiN AM) 11 KlinHKI.YX

fnteUdJuti utintlit/iti, IamiIv-

TrwhuJuH {f'Uro/ieffj-} nrlwtjni, l^biiiU*.

TraffuKtm (/*/i;/i»/W//-i*) maryiwiliit^ liiililU-.

i Teutli puinUtl AlH)\e ; niHr;;in.s iittiHith.

I

Tii'th niumleil oval ttiMve ; Mifir:;iiit Kiuuuth or wiih
till' fHiiitvHl iiMlicntiuiit uf ublit|uu tratiHVfr:M-
ali'iii'. Kig. '.', platu III.

Ti'c.li rnu"'!"! iiImhi' : with a marginal »c-ul|ilun'.
FigH. & and (i, plate I V.

Plrrvftelifr gr«IHpi», Cufie.

Teeth roanthd abinf . willi a Ijunler mulptun'.
Fij!. 7, plaK- I V.

Trathuiiim \t*UrrtiiKltfjr} aili'irmi, Lftmbr.

T<«dl uf Mualliii/A liin);in |inj|i<>rliiiul<itlii' Imwllli.
and fwintetl atiovf , with n iMiritiT sfulpiun- neiir
tlie apex. Fi^-. I, plain IS'.

;i6

n

A larifi- HorifH n( rami of li.wor jbwb of hik- ii'» oi Truihwloii w.ri- roll.ilid in t
Kill l>i-ir riviT ai«lri. I, L'nrorluimlely in iikM of ih.- him. iinoiiH Uic (.•.-111 un- luiw^iii
iimkiiiK tliiir Bin-till'- i<lmilill<ation soiiiewhiit .011 jo. turn!. In llif. '^4, thrii- ol Ihe nil
nri' H|;uri'(l lo show ni/.f and rorm.

L ■;

\

n.l A.

UlU

\

■«iilfe

.^''

' ■.- ■ .. I • I U.'

mm

^iii!niv:^;-

II ,«.4 < . r«. ^.(W.k r,(. r«t.l» ... T ...n.-.r-^u, .1. ..Iv,..,l..r «r...> . - It".. • to* H" f.<-'l. I"".' ("ll... ; •■. ■•"'

Ot

T9

MAMMALIA.

MULTI'I'UltKltClJl.ATA.
l'LA(ilAITLA(ll».K

I'TIMHil'i*, t'opr.
rTlU)l>US I'RIM.fiVrx. Sp. IIOV.

Pliilo XV. (iL'n 13 uml H.

rhi- MpiM'imiMi on whii'h this Hpi'i ii's is litiHi'J lOiiKiNtK or :iii iinpurfi'i I riirht maiiili-
Imlar rainuH in whii'h thi- fourth pn-moliir uml the lirst molar an- prt'siTvod The I'raclnrr
in IroMt I'xpoM'H thf larifo antorinr mot ol'tlu- pffinolar and the Niiiall |ioNtiTior riM>l in si'i-n
from thf ;nlfr Hide. Thi- lower front liordi'r of tin- rrown of llu! pri'inoliir ih »liirlitly
I'Xiavatt'd apparently for llu* ai'romin««latioti of th<' ixwtrrior nl'ff of a vi>ry Miiall, ilosfly
liltiiiff th" 'l pri-molar. Tin- socki'l for thf I>uhi> of thi- iik)I of thi- imisur Ik swn on the
inntT Hidi- itnd indirat<'K a tooth of romparativoly ndiuHt proportiouH. lioliind the (irst
molar, thi- HO<'k«t of thi- siToiid molar is pn-Hi-rvfil. whuh, judifinit from its nizc, lirld a
loolh ronaidi'rably smallfr than the first molar

The <-huTa<:terK of the leelh are an follows : — Fourth premolar with elovi-n KprrationK
on its ed(fe ; on its inner side, live romplete >jrooves prei-eded by three half triMiven ; on
itH outer nidi', live complete ifrooves preceded l>y one half i5riM)ve. I'irsi niohir with four
tulx'ri'leB on its inner wide and nix tuherrl.'o mi the outer Hide.

I'tiludut i>riiii:rviis \» eHpeiially interesting on aiount of iheHraall nnraherof eroovea
on ihe large cutting fourth premolar (appns'hing the genus MfHisnussus in this reapi-it)
and the slightly backward curve of the tnberel>t< on the outer aide of the lir»t molar,
also BUggetitive of MettisnifttHS.

In the figures of the typ»' of the spi'cies. ihc teeth are Hhown an they appear in the
spiTJmi'U, but the lirsl molar is evidently somewhat oul of its true [Mwition of dose
proiiniity to the fourth premolar.

Itelly River seru'B, lied iievr river, 1301.

i>r<>ii'>i<l

BoBKODoN. (len. Uov.

HoRROIMiN MATfTINtJM. Sp. nov.

Plate XV., liir 15.

This earty lype of mammal is repn'sented by a sincle tooth, a }«^>mol«r, having two,
slightly divergent roots. The crown is in the form of a laterally comi^rt-wied cone, some-
what roundiHl above, angular in front, evenly rounded behind, with a well defined,
undulating cingulnni encircling its Irnse. A slight lateral lon.avity more clearly
ili'Uned within, occurs in each side of Ihi- tooth near the base of the orown in line with

^ir

the ilpft betwwn tho rooU. Tho uin^lnm in atiKnlur and promiufnt at eithor on
>ie< omiiiK round.'d and broader on tho aidea. Tht' rrown in ponaiderably worn on U
inner Bid*- of ita ajx-x. Ont* root only rrmaina and it ia imixtrftxt bi-low.

M.

U•n^lh of Uoth (iin|n<rfi'Cl bolow, wiifii alinvr) (WHO

, . , ( aiilpni^i>»iti'ri<>r ""' '

( tmiuivpnii' . '*'•'"

HiMulit of crnwn °^^

8YN<t|NISOKHI'K»MES WITH PAOK ANI> I'LATK HKKEUKNCKH.

SpfH'im.

I'lM'RH.

I J/^lafkiii iifmriUHM, Cn(W.
S I Aripem^ aHerHmtit, l«mhr.
S /,<7>iii>/i(» nrrulmUUin, I^iily.
4 ! Khinraln imrifirK; roj».

A ' Di/ihj/MlHM /i>uyinu>riii. Ijiuilir.

lUTMM'niA.

(i ScafJtfrftmt Urtnm, Cu|ie.

Uicmu*.

H Triouy.r fWfi*tH»^ l«uly.

9 I TnaKjpr trngnnt, Onj».

10 I Ailortu littfolnlwi, Citfr.

I I I Adnnu mriiJiumii, Copr.

12 i X,Hranti/lii» trimiiu, ijuair.

IPi JlipMa luUfkrri, Uiiy.

1 4 Ak Hfl aniw/Ho, Ijunlw.

in ChampmHmHntu fiiinT/fiu*, (*opr.

17 <'rw(irfi/M« *Mi«»/i«, l*iiljr

IH AnUniSMrw pnrMy*»<, Cnf*.

I'J Dtituidim karridfu, \ev\y

20 nrimnirm rjyi/*i»a/M«, Copi', *|>.

31 OmtfAnmumM aAiu, liMabc.

Pht

ruw.

2«.

XIX.

»

XXI.

■.>9.

XIX.

29.

30.

XV.

31. Hi.

S2.

33.

I, ami fiftum in btxt

3«.

I, umI tugtrr in «*«».

38.

:i'.i.

II, anil figarw in l»it

42.

Figure in tpxt .

43

Kigurrs in loxl.

44.

FiKiirra in l««l'

4.1.

47

47.

4«.

49

49.

XV.

M.

.\lll. .\IV, .VV,»i«l

BumwiaU

iOft

8VNOPSIH OF HPRCIKH WITH I'AdK ANl> PI,A.TK UF.FKUKNCRS-*Vm/.»w./.

Spn-iei.

P««p.

Pklp.

3.1

UIIPTII.IA — CoB/il|M«/.

I'nlimieinnu ntlalHt, li«Mlr.
l*altnt»pi-<-:H» aaper, (juulio.

MoHoefimiut tlntntyHi, I^inlir.
Jftmodoniut ramulnuin, Ijomlic.

Slffonnu ra/uliu, Laiiibc.
Traehoitm (I'Urop'lj/.i) tfliiyni, IaiiiIji-,
Trwkojttn (/Vro/Wyr) marijinaln«^ tAiulie.
Trtwhodim {I'leroprli/r) nlliilrnf, Ijiuilir.
PUropiigjr graUipe; Copr.
Mahmalm.

PtUodut primiirtu, lAinlie.

S3

54 ' XVII.

nn ' XI, \II,.\\l,MilfiKurp<< in tpit

*•# XVI, XIX, XX, nnd tijjiirrfl in W\t.

fi3 X VII, XVII I, itml fiiiiiriH in text.

6A I X\, nniUiftun- in U'xt.

I

6M

XXI.

fi!)

III. ami lijiMmi in ti>«i

71

III — .\, ami ti^urrs in tp&fc

76

IV.

77

IV.

7U

XV.

7»

XV.

II

M

\ I

I ;

■imr

ft

I;

PLATE T.

PI.ATK I.

M

KiK. I rrioiiyi /!>*■'■■'><>, F/'i'ly, iippaT <iirf:u« i>f thr i'itr.t|i»or iiIhiwii in flKan- I. |i 31: i>im^Ii»I( tl

natural ni/i*. Vii^e 33.
Fix "J. Tr^myi /iMwi/i", lower or (lutor iiurf»«.' ■4 a riKtit h)i|K',ilMlnil l">w< ; iwtunti >in'. I'liifr :i

Kig. 3. f'-ixiiyr oi^iw, Cope, up|wr aurfiux' o( i-urxj >>'<■ <hown mi pagu 37, Hgure 3; »litthtly lew tt,t
line (iiurth iwturki niw. Pugv 36.

Kiy. I I'u' »in ■>( the a|>|wr nurfiioe ••( the wne citrapww, intur*! lUe ; tu ahuw tlie nculplHre.

i i

1 1 1^

1 0» i^ ^

i

ma

u
c

2:

if

:?i?T|

i 14i,'

PLATE II.

Adocuii rariolosut, Cope. (»p.)
Fig. 1. Plastron, lower or outer surface of 8|ieciiiieiw represented in figures 4 nnd 5, page 39 ; ouc-thi

natural site. Page 39.
Fig. 2. The same, upper or inner surface.
Fig. 3. The lower rarfaw at the anterior end of the sauic plaitruu, natural size ; to show tlie cbaract

of the sculpture.

i'

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA

PLATE II

- ■JiiiiHi:^.^

39 ; ouo-thini

the character

Ell It A TA.

CoNTHiBUTioxtt TO CANADIAN PAi,.KONTOi.oay, Volume III. (Quarto), Part II.

Page 7, 18th line —The oriffiiial desoription of the Judith River beds by Meek
and Hayden* is as follows : " They appear, as near as could bt^ ascertained, to occupy a
local basin in a series of marine deposits, consisting of beds of sandstone and impure
liitnite, which we have regarded provisionally as of the aire of No. 1 of our g-neral
section Lower down the Missouri, near th<« mouth of Little Ko< ky Mountain creek,
this last-mentioned series of rocks upon which the fresh-water deposits repose at the
mouth of the Judith is clearly seen to pass beneath No. 4 (the Pierre shales) of the
general section."

This original description leaves the qucHtion, whether the typiial Judith River
beds are above or below the Fort Pierre, undetermined. It appears that the latter
authorities cited on pp. 7-8 may have confused the typical Judith River beds with the
Laramie. Mr. J. B Hatcher believes there is little doubt that the typical Judith River
underlies the Fort Pierre. He observes : " I remember, however, to have noticed some
POO or 400 feet of shales very similar to the Pierre, overlying the Judith River beds
along the old Fort Benton and Cow Island trail between the Bear Paw Mountains and
Cow Creek, and I have little doubt but that these are the representatives of the Pierre
shales in this region." If this observation be confirmed, the typical Judith River beds
would be placed in the Mid-Cretaceous, or nearly contemporaneous with the Belly
River as held by Dr. G. M. Dawsoj.

• M.--!. uml llaydeii, t'r.K... riiil. AcKi. Sci.. May isr,7, M.. 124-125.

\09,,

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA

PLATE II

'« CO. KtTOft.

1=

Hi

PLATE III.

n

PIRATE III.

Fig. I. Trarltadon (;'(<rop«/yr) mMKinittM, I/Mnlw, inn« •!*• M Mt rMDiu ol lowtf i»w, ihow
liath ; oi»lwll tb« Mtunl lix' Pm|« 73.

«, aoionoid proooM ; a, •jrmphyti'al rarfiwc ; ^ Innw »»ll 9I il«nUl ehamlwr ; r, mui
groovt ; d, (ommn.
Fig. a. T^ratludon (Pltroptlgx) wlwyni, I*mh», limer nurfue o( tmtth ol lowir j**-, Uj •how lui

iMtaral nil*. Ph* 06.
Fig. 3. Orinding tarface of IMlh of ii»nn> upeoimm ; natur*) tl«».

Fig. 4. Seapkfrpibm Irelum, Cope, domal vertebra, from the left litla ; twice u.ii natural »i». 1
Fig. S. View from the front. Mine ipecinMn.

Ftg. 6. Seap)ttrp»Um lerlum, atlai, front view ; twice the natural iiiie.
Fig. 7. The name, viewed from behind.
Fig. 8. The lune. lide view from the left.

», diapophy«i« ; :, pre«ygapophy«i« ; I, poetiygaptiphyxiii ; «, nei..»l ipine ; «, anterior 1
cup ; U-, neural canal ; , fac^t for ac(i|iital coiidjrl* of tkull.

1"

1

ft

L-l

J

I-

r l*w, ibowing ihr
wr ; r, nwiidiliuUr
Ui iihnw rarcfMioii

lural nin. P»g«3l.

\ antarior articural

<J

^

»■«. '

ill

11

i i

k

I
f

I

PLA-TIil IV.

11

PLATE IV.

11

.«

.- »

Fig. 1. Tnu-hodon (Purnpelyx) marginalun, Lambe, outer aide of tl<e same mnndiliular ramus figured

on plate III ; one-half the natural size. Page 73.
Fig. 2. Trm-hodoH (PteropfJijx) allidena, Lamlie, outer side view of left maxilla, one-half natural size.

Tlio speciman was drawn upside down so as to hnve a better light on the teeth. Page 76.
Fig. 3. Inner view of the same specimen, with part of the inner wall removed to show successional teeth ;

one-half natural size.
Fig. 4. Two teeth from the same specimon, showing the cliaiacteristic border sculpture, with the crown

of the worn tooth restored, in dotte<l outline, to show the proportion of length to breadth ; twice

the natural sin;.
Fig. 5. Tracliodon (I'leropdyx) marginatim, lAmlw, outer view of apical part of rown of tooth from the

maxilla represented on plate V, for comparison with fig. 4 ; twice the natural size. Pago 74.
Fig. 6. Traehrxion (TUrnpelyr) margi^iatnii, crown of one of the teeth of the ramus shown in fig. 1 of

this plate and fig. 1 of the preceding plate ; twice the natural size. Page 73.
Fig. 7. Pleroflyr gmlHi>f», Cope, crown of tooth of lower jaw, to show liorder sculpture : twice the

naturxl size. Introduced for comparison. Page 77.
/, grinding surface of teeth ; a, facet for jugal.

1U8 figured

latural size.
6.

ional teetli ;

h the crown
^th ; twice

)th from the
o 74.

in fig. 1 of
; twice the

-45W-

PLA.TE V.

•:i

PLATE V.

Fig. 1. Trachudon (I'lerojielyx) tiiaiyitiatun, Lainbr, right luiuillary bune, external viuw ; retluu
hnlf. Page 74.

Fig. '2. The wine, internal view.
Fig. 3. Th.' same, superior view.

a, facet for jugal ; 6, facet for {lulatine.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA

PLATE V

iuw ; reduced ttm-

. ■. UtHM OCLT.

H|UOTY« CO., tOtTOt..

■i 1

m^

PLATE -VI.

Pl^iTE VI.

! I

* i

Fig. I. TrtKkoduH ( I'ttropttyr ) maryinatu; Lambe, Irft hunwru*, ritwed ohliijuely from innar fro
un« third iiatursi size. I'ltKn 71.

^'i){. 'J. Tliv HaDio, fruui uutcr rear.

Kig. 'l. Trmh'Him ( I'lrru/iflj/j) margitinliiM, tm|>r«wiun of rpiilcnniii, frnm Uiti iMiditone ill which
sIhivu .-ipvciiucn wiu nuiliMlilvd ; natural m.u.

r, railial ci-wt ; A, head ; i, innar tuberuaity ; u, iiutar tuberuaily ; c, outer cundyle.

m innar front ;

w in which th«

rie.

)l II

5.

:

II

t

PLATK VIT.

PLATE VU.

Fij;. I. Trarfiofion f /V^ro/W//j* ) marghiafuf^ f^imlie, left ulna and nulju!*, nntciior view; ono-thin
natiini) sizo. Frmn the samninilividunl a» that to which tlio humerus, fi^urrd on plate VI, liclunKtHl
Pftgn 7-.

Fig. 2. Tho sanip, iMwtorior view.

H, ulna ; r, radius ; o, olecranon proooss.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA

PLATt VII

->- ,V!%.' '^*.

fi

••|trt»?P* 'V BO"

Ill

■1 li

« ■.'.'if,

PLATE VIII.

Fig. I. Trarliorloti (/'lerii/ielyi ) mar</itutlu.«, 1jita\<e, T\)(ht, foniur, anteiinr view; one-fifth tlio r
size. (Provisionally iKsociiitccI with T. marginalwt). P»kb Ti.

Fig. 2. Tii« same, internal view.

Fig. ;i. The same, posterior view.

/«, liead ; t, great trochanter ; m, thtOl trochanter ; c, inner condyle.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA

PLATE VIII

s-fifth tho natuiil

afeifc*

EJ.»OT*»t CO., •OSrt

L.h

PLATE IX.

PLATK IX.

Ki« , rr^n.,.U.. ,ri^o,.,.jr> „...,..«.-.-. U....«. H«ht U.«,.. exu,r„a, vie« ; five twe..ty-U.i..U U.e
natural .i/,e. (Provisionally a.»ociate,l with T. »u,ry„.U„.). I age 73.

Another .ibiao, the .an.e ,^i., p«..Hor vi.w . ,in,i.a.y rc.uc.^. (Provisionally a-HocaU..

Fig.

with T. marg\natu$)

GEOLOGICA.

^(.PVEV Mf CANADA

PtATt U

1 :

PLA^l^Ji) X.

s

PLATE X.

, I.»,l» Mt mil.i» exUiiml view ; .mf vhiril tliB ti»lur»l
.i/^ (Pruv»i«n»lly««"Wt^-l*ilhr..«iry.w.(...). P»K-7I

(Pn..i»i.m«lly ««o'->»t«l «•'•>' r ""-y""""") >'»K" '■'

i. iU.- Wt ; 6. «,ub«Ur -k^It ; y, i»chUc ,ac,t : A, pctpubi. pr-K.. . .. pub.c facet , m
pmtpubic facet ; / flanne

^1

f%

m

if

if

k

PLA^TJ] XI

PLATE XI.

Stfrr,u-.,,h<lM (utii,, I/diilie. hewl aruiat.urp, superior liew ; imtural si/.-. Tlie anterior end of si>e<iin.-ii
jxiiiits ilnwnwapi. I'ligo 5">-
It, nnU'rior end

S 1

■■LOGICAL SlIRVLV OF CANADA

-■LATEXt

^'tJ

11

l!

'}

I

m

■ if

PLATE XII.

|i ^

He, 1. .s7.r.~-<.,,/.n/..W..M«, U,nU, vir* of l.-ft si.i.. ..f s,„..in,.„ l\pu,-,\ .m pUi- XI , o,,,. l>»lf Hi.-

natural «!/''■ Pig"' '"'•''•
l''ig. -1. Pnlntal view of the wiiiip i ono Imlf tlio nalurnl si/f.
Fi«. 3. .SV«T««r.,.W«» intu,, co.«.ifi«l postcmnW «u.e.. .aperior view: t»» seventh- the natural

size. Piige SB-
Fig. 4. Tlie mme, anterior view.
Fig. .V Tran«v,.r«> «ection of ril. (provisionally »«ociate,l with .s^ /»(»-) . one-half the natural size.

Page 6.").

p, palatine , ,, suture ; ,,t, pt«r,goi.l ; r. inlerpterygoid vacuity ; ;A, pres,,henoi<l ami l-wisph-noi.!
element ; n, anterior ; b, posterior.

i r

m

\iM:

i

GEOLOGICAL C-.UPV':v 01- CANADA

PLATt

►«eiK)TVP€ Cil., IKWTOK,

5 ■!»
Ill

u

I

PLATE XIIL

OrnithutniinitM ttit'

„., U '- ,,l;»l«nsm of rigUl po», "lu- '»! view , natural ««■. l'.>4«' ■W-

H

'I

1

PT.ATK XTV.

m

k\

VLATK XIV.

OniUhumimUb a'fui, I^auilx'.

Vi«. 1. Pu^K-rior ilorenl v.Tlel.ra, vicw.il from llii' luft ; iiiUural :.</.v. Pn«i' JO

Fi)(. J. Oiiuiliil vertebra, Huperior vii-w ; iinlural hi/c. P»!!u uii.

Fig. •* Til's '«une, inferior view.

Fig. 4. The smne, left lateral view.

Fi". ■). Till' Millie, |i.«terior view.

Fig. ti. I>ist,.l end of inetHUrsal 111. of left pe«, viewed from the front ; natural »i«. P-ge 50

Fiy. 7. The miiiie, poBterior view.

Fig. ■■<. Ti^ruiiiiul pliiiliiiix of |ie», side view : natural lizi-. Page ja.

Fig. '.I. 'I'lie fHiiie, po«t<?rior view.

Fij;. 10. Tcniiinal plmlanx of inanus side view ; natural size. Page 52.

FiK. II. The »;inie. ix«terior view.

Fig. 12. Anleiior u«.lli. [.rovi»i.,tially ii.sM,.iale.l with 0. altn.', ^ide view, natural Mze. Pago 03.

Fig. i:!. Pu-teiior view ..f the .one, showing the miiiut.; deiiticulations on one of the two posterior

,, neural .pine ; -.. prr.yg.i».physi» : i, po.l..v^.|«.phy»i, : ». neural al-ch ; ,/, .liapopl'^i" ; J- f»™l
for cheuon l-one ; c, neural eanal ; -;, iKHt.'rior articular face of centrum.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 0^ CANADA

l-LATE X'V

;

'W

m

PLA-TE XV.

h i

KiR.
Kit!.
Kig.
Kig.
Ki,i{
Hi-.
Kig.
Kig.
Fi;:.

Kiy,
Fig.
Fig-
Fig.

Fig.

Fig.

Fig.
Fig.

Fig.

ri,.\TK xv.

I. Ormth.minii,,, .,11,,,, \MnU\ .-auilal vprti-hrn, vuiMTii.r vipw ; n.itunil *izp. Wsf ■"'!

•J. View of right side iif same.

:■,. Oriiilhnnilm.u allii^. luudul v.rlrhm. iiiHTini- view ; iialumi size Page hi.

I. The sunie, inferior view,
."i. The .same, right siili'.

0. .' Ormthvmim.ii'UluH, li'fl siilo ui liiinliar vi-rU-liia i.f -iinall individual : ii.ilural sizo.

7. The same, superior view.

H. The same, unlerior view.

il. Terminal phalanx of me«alusaur..id (limwiur, lali inl view ; natural size.

10. The Maine, pr.i-ximal view.

:, prf/.ygap<.ph)sis ; :, post/ygapophy.sia : *, neural spine ; e, transverse proicss.

I I. T,«tli of Dtnmln,! ,:,i>lannhi-, tV.pe, side vi w ; four tiuies the natur.il size. I'age WK

1 2. ': 1 • iisverse section of the same.

1 3. /■(..■ ,/-../,r.mr,.us, Linjbe, right n. iii lilmlar ra«ias,cxtnrnal view ; «nlarged four tiinoR. Page 7!).

14. The same, internal view.

/,/K, fourth pnOTolar; .../, Hrst molar ; i, »..cket for inci.^.r ; u, siH.kel tor secoml molar.
1.-). Hoieuiiint »wM(i.iK», hiiiiUi', pr.'mular. sid.- vi.'w ; four times natural .d/. ■. Page 79 .

'•, finjiulum.
Ki. liight maxillary l».n.-, (provisionally .issooiated with S,n,A'r,^lm, l,-rtn,„), external view ;
four times thenatuial size.

17. Infirior view of the same, siudlarly enliirgeil. Poge .'12.

18. PremaxiUary bone of Diphyndu, !.i„giroMris, Lunl-e, inferior view ; enlarged four times.
I'-ge 30.

19. Transverse section of same, aimilarly enlarged.
(, tooth- liase; tU, interspace.

■ il

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA

PLATE XV

im

V<'-

i\

{1

m

PLATE XVI.

15

Xi

1!i

PLATE XVI.

V\g. I. Hwrum, pro\i»ion»llT«'i»ori»t«J with AAonnr/OTiitaiiiwiwMi, I^mbe, «up»ri(>r view , twoMvrntli*
the ninur»l size. Page CI.

Fig. 2. The ssine, viewed from the right.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA

PLATE X/l

PLA'l E XVII.

d

•I

ri • I. XV

w

Fig I. ' Vmutrlonini itiirmini, I^tmlir, iiiiln »■!■ * iit I niMtl hiMIl <■. !• ; iinR-hnlf lllu tlHturikl n'm:

fig. 2, HuctiimHl uutlinm iif tlin name nt "»' niul "b '.

Ki^. 3. Mmwrlonimi eamuUiuU, IaibIw, rixli' orbiUI horn core, oi.li.iii"ly fnmi iN'hiriil ; uw \m\U
natural lize. Page (>'■■. o, urbit.

Fi((. 4. Ttii' ••ID'', wttiDiwI nntline at "a".

Fig. 5. /V.^n* '".-u, M/Mr, Lambe. M'U> view ,A t.«ith : four timca natural »ize. Va.^' .li.

GEOLOOICAL bUFi'vtV Uf CANA[i.

S1I ' -I

. UkMM OfLT.

PLATK XVIIT.

M

PLATK XV in.

Fig. I. ilimocloniua cafuKtimig, UkDibc, right luwidibulsr niuui, exleriul view : one-lwlf the natural
flizi'. Page 65.

Fig. 2. The same, internal view.

Kig. 3. Monnfloniiu cnttaiieiuu, ismxiWatry UMth, ixUsmti yww ; natural »iw. ( Fruviuuually asaucialod
with M. eanadrn»i». ) Page CC.

Fig. 4. Internal view of the .same.

Fig. .">. Tooth fnim lower jaw, (provisionally MMH-iated with il. catuuhutu), internal view ; natural Dim.

Fig. 6. The name, lateral view showing the two root*.

Fig. I. The satnr, external view.

e, uomnoid pnicetw ; n, alveolar groove ; 6. symphyseal surface ; i', mamliliular groove ; /, facet
for pndentary bono.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Of- CANADA

PL ■ TE X

'■• — * .-^ _;'*3>-.:.i^«- . ._ ,

1

a X

V *

\

iv /• X

^^rr^j

• .fc JW» '

) 'A I

>ii

'*'mt:Hh

Pr.ATE XIX.

PLATK XIX.

Fig. I. ifj^ttlafthuf U/^irlUiu, Cope, piireinent tootli, face iif crown ; enlArgnJ four tirom. Pa)(i> 2.s.

Fif(. 2. Hide vii>w of some tooth.

</, crown ; /, face of crown ; r, root.

Fi(f. X Li-jmiotiui iK-iideiiUUit, U-iUy, out«r .surface of Hcalc ; natuntl wzp. I'age 29.

Fig, 4. Jlmiorlnniiia dairnom, [Mm\ie. left scapula and comcoid, inU'rnal vit-w. ( Pm\ iHionally amociated
with J#. dniitoiii) ; one-fuurth natural aim. Page CO

Fig. 5. MoHOcloniiu rturmni, predenUry bone, lateral view. (Proviiiionally asmciatcd with M. (faicaotii);
natural size. Page 63.

Fig. C. The lanie, viewed from above.

«, wapula ; e, coraooid ; n, suture lietween acapnia and cnracoid ; y, glenoid cavity ; /), upper
border ; d, anterior end ; ', groove for di-ntary.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Of- CANADA

PLATE KIX

. M. lAMM CXi'

HItlOTm CO OOITUN.

a

PLA.TE XX.

i«

PLATE XX.

Fig. 1. MonodoHiui btlli, Lamhe, pwiaUl clement of poaUrior orcat, luiwrior vitw ; oM-thinl tli>
BAUral iIm. P«g« 66.

Fig. 3. Th* Muae, inferior view.

Fig. 3. MonnttoHitiM dairioni, Lwnba, rosinl bone, tide viev ; oim-ImM the lutural mic. (Prorjejooijly
uwciated with it. dainmi). Page 63.

Fig. 4. Outline of Mction of ume at "c."

Fig. S. Horn core with an aijrmmetrical baae. Nut xpadScally determint'd.

Fig. 6. 8e«tionai outlinr* of name at "a" and "b."

g, groove for premaxilla

Gf-OLpC>'C»l. SuHVSf O^ /-'-^O*

•^.irt-F* ro Oi-»ti"

PLATK XXI.

Vig. 1. SUga^era. tWid..., Umh., p«a».l bon. ; Me view, N.tup.1 .i». P^W «...

Fig. 2. The wme, infi-rior upact.

Fig. :t Superior %i«<w of another ipecimeii ; nutural «iie.

Fig. 4. The wnif ; side »>e».

Fig •">■ The wme ; inferior view.

Fig. 6. 5<...«,,.Wu. ,-!.«, Umbe, .ymmetricl ,,l«t.., superior ..pect ; on^h.lf th. -.ur^ «"• (Pn..

vi»ion»lly »a»oci»te<l with S. "•<•")
Figl. 7 and 8. 8imil»r keeled pl»t^« , one-h.lf the natur.l «i.e.
Fig 9 Shield of Aci,.n«r n/(«r<.n.«. Umbe, viewe.i frou. alv.ve. N.t«.l .i». P«g« 29-

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA

Plate xxi

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