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COELENTERATES, ETC. PART H: MEDUSiE AND CTENOPHORA By HBNXY B. BIOKLOW SOUTHERN PARTY, 1913-1916 G ^=7 0 OTTAWA THOMAS MULVEY PRINTER TO THE KINGS MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY 1»0 i 70 it . 008 t.H l:.-utJ June JO. 1920, Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18. VOLIME Mil: MOLLUSKS, ECHINODERMS, COELENl ERATES, ETC. P irt A: MOU/ISKS, RECENT AND PLEISTOCENE. By Wm. H. DaU {hsued Septcmher 21,, 1919). Part B: CI PHALOPODA AND PTEROFODA. By S. S. Btrry and W. F. Clapp {In preparaiion). Part C: ECHINODERMS. By Austin H. Clark {Issued Ar>ril 6, 1920). Part D: BRYOZOA. By R. C. Osbum (In preparation). Part E: ROTATORIA. By H. K. Horring (/» preparaiion). Part F; CIIAETOGNATLA. By A. 0. Huntsman Un preparation). Part G: ACTINOZOA AND ALCYOXAUIA. By A. E. Vernll {In preparati^). Part H: MEDISAE AND CTENOPHORA. By H. B. Bigclow {In prw). Part I: HVDROIDS. By McLean Frasor Un preparation). Part J: POUIFERA. REPORT OF THE CANADIAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION 1913-18 VOLUME VIII: MOLLUSKS, ECHINODERMS. COELENTERATES, ETC. PART H: MEDUSiE AND CTENOPHORA \ By HENRY B HIGELOW SOUTHEHN PARTY, 1913-1916 ■ iTAWA THOMAS Ml.l. VEY VKIMLK I'J Till.; KING'S MOST KXCELl. NT M.'.JE.Sl V 1920 f Is|ih(ir. « .|.-ciil,...| in i|i<' inlluwini: |i;iiii.« w.ir ml- I.Mt.Ml liv Ml. I'm. .lol; iiiwii, ill >\,i>\U>\\ wui.T ■•il vaii.iii- I.M'.ilitir.v „|.,iii; ih,. Alji'.kiiii rnavi. mimI the mill. • t„:,-l ..I N.mli \in.iica. Ii.'twirii .Inn.' I'.t|:i .•iinl AiiKiisl. I'.Uti. 'I'll.- iiiahriMl, HI f.iiiiialiii. 1, m |,;,il .aciII.miK |„( ia,,!, hiil in |.ail .1. frimrin'iilaiy a> I., pii'.'jiiijr ,ali-la.l..i.\ ninil ili< al ii>ii. ,\« iiii^hl In- .xpci Ir.l (»f illiy n.llr.lir.n of M.i|i|j.a' Inilll thi' Alfllr lill.iial, ll i>|s for tin- Illo^l part of well kin.wn iiii.l wiiirly iliv|iil,iii(.,| antic spci io. Hut il iticlinlo oni' ni'w Aiithoiiir.iiiMii, ihr ri'pri'snitivf^ of wlii.li air, I'ortiinatch , in an .•xccilrn' Htafr of pri'MTvatioii ip. 7ii). To uivc an i.Ica of tin- ilitficiiltif- iimlrr wlinli Mr. .lolianx n worked. aii' '"" ""■ Irlllli.Taliir.' of III.' .,ir. ;il llii.-. -r:!-,,!,. i„:,.lr l|„. w.-.t.r Inr/r .lin, klv III Ihr -.|.rriiii. • j,.ir. -,. „fi,ii II,,' C,,,'!,!, I. Tula r„||,.,.|,H| «,t,- -|„,iI,.1 I„ f,,r,. I ,„„|,1 nn.'l. lt„- li.MW ll„- -i.TiMit :,,„| 111,. ,,iniii{ f.ir III.- ,| iiii,.|i> .•,,||,ci.,l .liiriiiK ih.. t|„ ..:,r« in llir .\ri-ti.- «a» aU. iryiiiK ii^ f..riiiuliii ^p.-.-iiiiriiH fn.zr . . aii.l ili.v lli,.> rri.r.-«-iil "Illy 11 pun of 111.. ( ■M.l,-iii,.ralii lu-limlly oh.s.rv.-d, ,.,,ll,.,i..,|, aii.l ).n.f.trvi-.l ' J.I.ST or Sl'KClKS. \NTii(>.\ii:i)i si: Snririt l>rincii>.i (Ilarckili Siirxia Jliinimiii Miiko liiKujnintillin hrillnnird l-'.irli.-x Uiilhkin hhimitihnrliii H.-illiki-) . H. i ?) ('Hdiirii niitittdln iLinnri Aurilia limhiila Hriin.lt Merh-n.iia mum (Fiibrii-iuM He.riii- nicumis Fiibri(-iUH . Hohnojmts sp. (? J THAClloMKDI s.K N.VUCo.MKDrs.K .M'M'ii(iMi;i)rs.i.; CTKNOHHOK.i-: I-MIK til 4h .'»l ))H tin 7ti till lOll I III I2ii I an l4H 15h 15n ISii 4h Canadian Arctic Expedition, lf)l3-IS .•1 Anthomkdi S.K. Family CODOMD^: Sarsia princeps (Ilaickd). IM I, I'iR. 1. CMnuim pnnrrp^ Ilarckc, 1S70, ].. i:i, pi. 1. li^'. :i. I'.ir synoiiymy, see M.ty.T, H»l(). p. flO. HlcvtMi six'cics of tliis larfic easily iccDunizcij, and cliaractcristically iircti<' species were take!) at ((.llinM.n point, Arctic Alaska, from September Ht to Octohev 11, l".ti;i (stations 'JT;//, 27/(, 27c. 2S^). below the sea ice. which had ulrendy formed, liv that season, to a thickness of S 10 inches, the temperature of the water, below the ice, 2'.l° 'Mf V. Also one excellent specimen, ab()\it IS mm. hitih, from eai)e Smyth, point Barrow, Alaska, station 'un. Aiijuist J<, lOKi. Kxc.^Iit for the jieonrapiiical records, discussed below (p. IGii), these excellent specimens, raiifriiiH i'> height from II li> mm., add nothing to the previous accounts of this species ( Haeckel, ISTK, Bigelow, I'.tO't/.). A figure of their Kenenil appearance is niven, however, to aiil students of the Arctic ^fedusir in identiii- eaticm. And it is worth noting that in this species, as in N. wirtihilis, the man- ubrium is extremelv extensible (I'l. 1. lifi. 1). For. as Mr. .lohansen states m his field notes, it "can jir trude its lone slender stomach to three times the body length, the four tentacles to fivi' times the body leiicth." Uriefly cajutulated, the characteristics of the species are its large size, louK. slender manubrium, the 'y.\iiiivf\ marfjin of the narrow radiid canals, the distinct basal tentacular bulbs, usually (but appare?itly not always) with eon- si)icuous ocelli on their outer faces; and especially the well-developed apical canal, projectinn, aborally, into the substance of the bell, from the pomt of junction of the four radial canals with the base of the manubrium. Of these eharacl(>rs the most variable (except for the len^ith of the rrianu- briuin, which is larKclv dei)eiident on the state of contraction of the specimeuf is the wuviness of the marjrii.s of the canals. Something: of this sort is usuafly to be seen. Hut in the im'scnt scries there are various nr.-idal ions, imlependent of the size of the specimens in (piestion, from can;ds distinctly toothed and jagKod to others but slightly wavy. And it is not unlikely that specimens mny occur in which their margins are perfectly smooth. •, , i Colour: The value of the series is much enhanced by a beautiful coloured drawing; of a specimen froin station 27)' by Mr. Frits .loh.anseii, naturalist on the expeilition. which shows the cntodermal core of the nianut*rium of a violet tint, radial canals and tentacles \m\v pink, and the ocelli carmine. Sarsia flammea I.inko. riiito II, lig. "). Stir.wt flammra I.iiiko, 190."); p. 212. For synoiiyiny, see Harf.iuih. l!»l)7, p. V2. Two specimens, about I'.t mm. hi(;h, ( 'ollinson point, stations 27r a October 2 and 11, Uti:{, when Mr. Johansen notes the specjes as c under the sea-ice. Two specimens, about S mm. hifjh. station 'ua, C'ap< point Harrow. Alaska. Auiiust S, lOlti. The most characteristic feature of this species, a nenative one. is the ; of ocelli. And this, coupled with its short mamibrium, short, stout t( with larjte basal bulbs, absence of apical canal, and large size, make it reeoKuize. The present series adds nothinn to the good account by H 1907), with which they closely aprec. nd 2S/», ommon Smvth, iibsence ■ntacles easy to artiaub Medusa ami Ctenophora r,„ ""'"i; "„',";>■'■'■■ "","• "■'"'■."'" '■■"'"■■I-- 'i-»".'lv.'» » "ii. "'■" VII ( K.iNtn<' ui.ll oxc-pt for its proximal and distal extremities Hut i„.,smi , as tl.esp,.ni.u.ns oi jap/,.,,,,;, which 1 hav seen (lfli:5, p 4) m>re i ot i, t" I,, of .•..nditioii. the question may l.e left o,,en for the priJent. ' Family BOLGAINMLLEID.f; (i.g.nhaur. ? Bougainvillea britannica (Forl.es) HanillliCmr; J"[oo:'" ^"^''-' •^-'«. >'■ «^- H«- 2. For synony„,y, see Mayer, 1910, p. ini; VU'^'^lZf'i '"'• ^"°^":,?^- l""tJ- 13:^° W. (ofT southern Alaska); ,I„ne ^ only a sii.Kl.- speeimen, an.i tlmt one in s.ieh poor '.m li i t ,"'"".'" pn.v.s.onally ide,itifie\' "'''""■*'';">- •^<■^■"ally mature (to judge from the hirg.. uon.„ls) ,l„. '""'''","• '••!'• P-1 '..{), whereas m /rt-innpjs, aeeording to Ila.tNuil. (I<»I1 thick: there are al.out as many marginal tc-ntaeles as in hriOnnnor h s n 1 1 axial ocelli are similarly situated on the bases of the free t, I .w,, I 1 niargmal te„ta..ular pads are shorter than the spa ' 1 e we ' ' , l! W'Sr'"' ^H '"•'■ '"'"^T- '^" »'"• """>•• 1>='>'<1. i" their rather nZ 1 no tliey more nearly approach pr,ncipis: and this is also true of the I , 'ik ,i eotuht.on of the lal.ml tentacle.. The gonads, so far as ran I ,• s , ,' ' ^ present state, are a.Ira.hal, which is true of l.oth Mtonnica and pnnn^" oeem iS. •■ J«han.scn, he.ng dark reddish brown, tentacular pads grey,' In hritnnmcn the gonads are described by Ilartlaub (lltll) as brown with re.l, Ksh .„t; the manubrium having a yellow stripe in each inter.' s { cordmg to Forbes (1848) the manubrium i.s re. Idish orange wh Ma or (i.uo; describes the endoderm of the .stomach a.s golden vcllow • ^ ^^ ( onsidenng how many eollcctinns of Medu.s* have now beer, made -.hnic the northwest coast of Amenea, and in Rering sea, it is surprising tha e Medut of Hougainville^ have so seldom been taken or described th,„c. So far x^ ?d H T"' ^/r'"P'''','^'^'^^ records is as follows:-/y. 6«wg«Vm.7ci probably identical with li. mpnrnhan, mu, p. !)), by Mortens in Kering sea in s' ) .nany specmiens (Brandt, 1838). Prol,ably identical with it is thT/^L;:,,;- "'If MiAb — 2 Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 6h I AiriiSKiz Hn.l \ AKassiz (18(io), comn.on in tho Rulf of Ccoipm; I'ut of this the list. . ^.p^,,| (,y these few reeords, and how ....nv^p::':'"::!^ ^s:'^,::;;^"^::, rk^ownfon. l.oth su.es ..f the North AdmUi!^ prohahh- the pres..nt reeor.l of li.hrilann.ca is but a forerunner oi others to eonie from the Paeific. , , x- i ».i »■ H brifamuca was previously known from l.oth sides o the North Atlant.e ,^Ia^er i!lu) Hanlaub. H.llK H. ,mnci,.s from N<.rth Knropean wat.Ts an.l fnmi Barents sea (Kartlaiih, I'Jll). M Rathkea blumenbachii (Hathk( ) Occa,ua hlumeuh„chu Hathko. 1835, p. 321. Vor synonymy, sor Mayor. 1010, ,., 177, 17. Stations 25 h. r. Arctic ocean, off C^op-.r island, near P«"^< Bf.'''^'^^' "^/^t*?' . ; ,- OS ^0\■^ eleven verv fragmentarv specimens. Mation 18d, lat. J"'n km. "iu" : 0^V S- 7," 918, one specimen, 2„.m. high, in fair condition. ih! miinber (8) < f marf. nal tentacle-bundles and th<. structure of the hp and i al " Saie make identity with the larger series rom New Lnp and, and oral *PP;,"'3 %.„_•„ ^..„ ^.(^^ which 1 have been able to compare them, l7lritm 1 13 M he s,i>cimens show bud.ling phases: but they are ;,> such poor ';ndition that they Ldd nothing to the numerous existing accounts ann m (etui thP I tUKM.r con.si.lering HaUtholu. a genus distinct from other Fan- •..> .tlfTts'bei;,^ the combination of gonads of the L.urAv.r.ara type with Sed lip and lack of mesenteries; the latter separating it Irom its cIu.m.-,! re tT^-el War^arr, and Catabknia. So far. two spe.'ies have been described r :V 1 ' Hortll ih (1913) // muper and H. cirratm (both had previously '::^^.If^i^iln"n^^ L two separable by absen..e "f {>- '-'^ "luM. vv tenta.-l..s in the former, its presence, with many tenta.^les, ,n tlu- latter. Mdliisw (ui({ ( tcniiphoni (T 1") to from ("oUiiison i)oint, Camden hav, north nm.- OetolM^r 14, l!ti:i (station. 27^ to 28/,), muU-r thr .s.-a-in tavn\ (ti 1. ti>£. i), tins aKr.'cinK with CiUMmn irsicanii ^^h\rh Unl, / o». mu,.l, n.s,.,nl.l,.s ,n it, K'"<«ft. peduncle, which H I uT '.H-^f Th '"■"!"• '","' ,""■ f'""- """•'' '-•-.■nulated lips H.irtlauh. mS). Ihe prnnanly liorseshoe-shap..| nonads, with transverse folds .lirected towitnl U ■ p : u n , fi^'rH^:;; ^r "'^' well as the related ^enus I.,uck„rt,ara iMaa^ i.),)4.' " ^'*^"''*"- '^'^ Hut. while this ponad-type is fundamentallv .haricteristic th,. .„.f plu.at,ons of the s.,nads cannot always l.e relie.l on as a vs ^ nti, ^r^^'- for while ,n one of the speeimens it is well exemplifie.l, in' II / o 1 n'' , .' f.-niale, the entire interradial zi.nes of the (jastric vill -.re s, .„ L I .. " .■g«s easily visible even with the hand l.nt)!:!^ U^-l^u^ fX::,^t.^ Ihere are no diverticula from the mart-ins of the ,....,. ;,i '""■ "f™- '■'"■':S,',:'L'.''L",',s:5i"' ""■ '"™ " »'■*"'■ -"'".""tu,;;:'';;;'.?'''''' - The only MedusiP with which // cirrntnt is liL-,.l,- f i e , LeuckarNon, by ,he absence J mesentei^es a^d " " r, n ;.™'b;/[:::'? of mesenteries and structure of gonads. -^'oiiuus in |.,ck H. cinatus has previoiislv been r.'c.ided trom various localilies in the Baltic, Barents se'. ot localities see Hartlaub. U)U, p. 274 1. The present cajjtures show that it acluallv has But Its occurren.v ...s far south as Ki.-l hav shows .„a. ., ,s not .iistnu-t.velv arctic in its occurrence, but mav he expected as far south -is C I ' .■astern as well as in Bering sea on the west..,, coatt of AmeWc,,"'" * '"' "" "'" ( "lour: An exc'llent coloured sk.'tch, fr<„n life, hv Mr. Frits .h.h'.n^.-n of i!".:!^;::';:;;;:.^:;;^.^*''''"" '"'- ^"''^^-^ ""■ -"•"-- of a deep'piSrv,:;!;: as lisied by Hartlaub, t and Spitzbcgei, (for list a ciri'unipolar distriliution. that it is not distinctivelv Family BYTHOTIARID.E Maas. Eumedusa similis, gen. i,ov., sp. nov. I'l. I, liKs. 4, .■■): I'l. II, Tins. 1. 1- 10 „,m. broad (type): station 2 One specimen. \A mm. high bv 10 < olinson point. Alaska, October 7, "I'.Ibi: surface temDeriture ••ill" V ..u.h.. tuck. Catalogue No. 20, Victoria M, morial M!:™:'o,tawa: ' l)o24(i — '2 J i>\ off JO 8ii Caiimlian Arctic ExfiedUion, l!tlo-18 ■4 it' Station 27(»; One s|)t-ciinfii, contracted, of aKoiit tlic same >izf. from hiRoon iusiilc Collinson point, Alaska, Scptcmhcr -20, I'.H:}; surface tenip'Tatiire. ;i(»° F.: ice, "i inches thick. Catalogue No. 32i»2, Museum of Comparative Zoology. The type is in excellent condition, fully expanded except for the nianuhrniin and tentacles. In K'-n'''':'' j>;«'sti<>n ot an ai)ical projeVtion (IM. I, tit?. 4)- The s,i:l'ace of the i)ell is slightly, wrinkled in the type; ill the other si)ecinien it is furrowed in the radii of the rainii iiideiiei.dently at the centor of the apex of the manu- brium (PI. I. fit?' •">'• 'he four primary perradiul canals are easily distinguished, bv their larger size, fnmi the four of the secon.l series which alt(>rnate with them. H.it as all are equidistant, there is no evidence that the latter originate as branches of the former, a.- occurs in the related genus liiithotiara. The edges of all the radial cantds in the contracted •specimen are smooth, with no traces of lateral spurs or branches, and though they are slightly wavy in the type, this is apjiarently the result of muscular relaxation, at least there are no definite lateral deverticula or spurs. And in both specimens the edge of the circular canal is smooth, with no trace of even such rudimentarv centripetal spurs as occur occasionally in HiUmtiitra (.\Iaas, !!»(),"): Higelow, l!t()!»a, 1«»13; Hartlaub, HIKi). Tentacles; The tentacles, best illustrated by the type owing to its relaxed condition, are of two sorts, large and small, arranged .as follows: opposite each canal, and in each inter-radius, is a large tentacle; between these, a varying number of small ones, of various stages in growth, from mere knol)s to fully developed imes i PI. II, tig. 2). In four .successive .sixteenths of the margin of the tvi)e these number 7, 7. «, 6. The large tentacles, though agreeing with the usual Calvcopsid tenti,!c in the presence of terminal nematocyst knobs. difTer innn th(ise of Calycopxiif. Heterotiara, etc., in being armed with ectodermic nematocysts, arranged' in rings, irregularly scatterc-d. i>articalarly over the middle third of the tentacle. The large tentacles are. however, strongly con- tnicted. now (in the preserved state) being only ;i 5 mm. long; hence, when oxiianded, thes(> n(>matocyst structures probably are less apparent, if visible at all other than as scattered cells „ , .. , The large tentach's are hollow (PI. II, fig. 1). as usual among Pandeida' and BythotiaridfB i>ut owing to their contracted state the lumen is very small. Their relationship to the bell margin is the same here as in Cnhicopsis. the basal i)art of each lying in a groove with the gehitinous substance of the exunibreUa |)i(i- jecting downward between them ( PI. II. fig. 1 ). And it is also worth noting that the marginal nematocy.st ring is \inusually thick, as cimipared with that of related genera. ... , ■ ■ » The small tentacl s ditTer from the large ones not only in size (being about 1 5 mm. long, and apparentlv not contracted), but also in structure, being solid instead of hoUow, with an endodermie core of large irregular chordate cellsTCM. II, tig. 1). M"t- like the primary tentacle.s, they too bear terminal nematocyst knobs, though otherwise without nematocysts. The small tentacles exhibit every stage of growth, from mere bosses of the marginal ring to fully forim>d tentacles, showing that their final number is not attained till a late .stage in growth, if, indeed, new ones are not deveh)i)ed as hjiig as the Medu.sa lives. Hut the largest ones are all of about the same size, and tiieic i.- no evidence that tliev ever develop further. That is to say, so far as the actual evi- dence goes, it is safe to conclude that there is no intergradation between the twt classes of tentacles. Small do not develop into large, but represent a distmco .series, really more cirrus-like than tentacle-like. MdliisiC (I ml CI) iioiihoni 9h Tlicrc arc no iicclli .•i. i..;.' lass ,:;■," :,:;Xs: '"' """ "'^' ^•'^"''" "'«""■"• »'-""'"^. -" •>"■ •"-- -f III th.. typ,. s|,.Ti.u..n tl.r MianuhiiiiMi ( PI. I. fig 4i is almost two-fhinl. knolls "J^vll!,.;!;:" '"^'"'^ '•'"^'■''' "^ ""'^«"' ^"-""'. -ithout ......utto^yst f.- hum s..xua pro,|u,.,s. I„ ,,,,1. ,.f ,1., i„„,,,,,,,ii „„.^„ isac^, r ^rils -Mo .„,„,.„. Is, l».„„. s,...,, i„ ,h,. fi«u,., than .l,.s,-rilM..l: a v.-rv s n, 1, t vpo t K..na,| Mut, as nolr.i ah.,v,., it is a .pu.stion how far ..v.n thrs, f |s o,^. th..,r .x^vnn. to rontrartion. 1„ th.. i.th.r sp,..!,,.,., a f 'n ■ 1 i \vi j. 1. . s,.n,.s ot .rn.«nlar I .Lis, an.l it is i, ,sil.|,. to n.,.onMru.t its a, p. n ! In the preserved st; in hli Colour; m tl.e preserved state hoth spee.niens aiv ,olourl..ss ^xeei.t to iueh""v':';.oi.Siv ;■ r " 'tv^' ""^';- '^ "'''•• •"•="""• -"••'- ■.•noutt pi. servatlon • "" '" '^' ''"'""' '" '''" '"" '""'"ly "'" '--suit of This new p.nns ajirees so well with the Mvlliotiari.la Its primary tentaeles, and thei,- n.jatioii to the he 111 the stniftiire of Tl' \( lioMKiil s.K. Fiiinily Olindiidie Htcwe ■. ■'i Eperetmiis typiis Hiu.low. Eiunli„„s t;iiius HifTclcw, Ku.-,, p. KM. pi. .V), linv I S. Station L% l>ort Tlarenee. Alaska, AuKu.st 4, l«(i;5, two sp,.,nn..ns !t and , mni. m diameter, l.oth m poor eoiulitioi dioiit Iliese two specimens are only provisionally referred to this s|„.,i,.s th, loor eoiidition preelmlniR absolute identifieatioii. ' ipparently fully developed in th«' larne sp'eeimen, 10b Canitilliui Arctic F.iitiiUtioii. IHt.i-IS ^ W arc of the -iinpli', wjivy, Iciif-likc fi)rm (•liara<'tcii/'.iiii!: tli;it irniii-. fNtciuliiiK prjii'iicMllv till' whole Icn^jtli of the nidial I'aiuils. Tlif arianitcini'iit and strucliirc of tlic iiiaririnal oriiaiis in Epirclnntx is (•tiaract('ti>lic. Ami iii spite of the poor coiiditiidi of tiie proeiit iiiaterial, ciioiiirh teiilacles and otoevst.- ar<' still intact to show the same tnain features. Thus tile tentaele> are allOf one kind, corresiiondinn to llie primary tentacles iti (Hiiiilids. neither the inarjiinal pajiilhe chararteristic of doiiinncmiis. nor the secondary i velar) teiitacles of Oliinllds occnrrinn. Tentacles are present in all stijies of ^jiowth. from mere knohs to the fully developed state. .Vnd while the yonnuest ^tand free on the margin, with ])ro(rfessive development they lurti ill)waid against the exilinluella. and finally come to lie in ijeep furrows in the latter, from which tlu'v project at various heights, corresponding; to their aties. One of the most diannoslic features is the ijicseinc of a thick opaipie kidney- shaped nematocvsi pad assoiiated with each larjic tentacle, lininK the distal end of the exunihrellar uroove in which it lies (I'.tl.')). .\nd these pads. heiliK totltth and resistant, are sulticiently preserved to show that in thi- fesoect the present speciniens auree exactly with the type. N'r is there any .iitTerence iit the stnicttire of the tentacles, which are smooth distally. their outer parts rii (led with nematocyst ridjjes, without suckers, hut terminatinir in tiemato- cyst knol)s. It is not pos.^ihle to count the tentacles in either specimen. Imt to jiul^re from their numher in such small sennients of th(> marjiin as are intact, there must have heen SO UK), i.e., ahout the same iiumher as in the type speci- men. Only a few otocvsts are still to he seen. Hut fortunately such as remain are larjic- enoUKh to .-how that they lie in cai)sules. the varioits elements of which are vi-ihle even in optical section, and iiiihodded anific;itioii of the family would dcmuud for them not only a new species hut a new ficniis. F.nmily TRACHYNEMID/^ (;.'«:eiihaur. ASlantha diijitale fFahriciu-^ . ^reti. Vor Synonymy, sc- Mayer, I'.Ul), |i 102. Specimensnf this well-known species, all rather fragmentary, were tak Stations 21 a. h, c, lat. tlS" liO' N., long. H)li° :?2' W,. .\uiru.-t i."). I'.lh'i Stations 2'tb. c. otT Cooper island. Alaska, surface, AuRUst -IT-IS, l!>i:{. taken at : J Mnlu>iw (Hid (Ifiiiiiihora Uh Station \]s. Hcriianl liarlxiiir, Di.lpliin ami I'tiiiii; strait. \(.rlli\vc.>l tciii- torii's, Auuu.si 2J, l!(|."). *!tati(iii Kt, I'tn. One very t'rauMicntary. Station 2rinm; iijentified as Atihinthn chiefly on the stienuth of their rather cliaraclerislic outline, in heinht. slich of the specimens as can he api)roximately measiireii ranjie from ahout .") to al.oiit 15 mm. Sm;h poor material could not he exi>ecte(l tvii(,tiviiiv. sr.' .Mtivcr, 1010 p. 472, I'.iS. ... .11 Station 27«/. 1 fathom, Septemher H\. 19i:?, otT Colliiisoii point, Ala.^ka; ice, 8 iiiclies: 2 spe<-iniens. Station 27;-. I falhoni, Ocloher, 2, l',li:5, olT Collinson point, .Ma-k;i; 'Mf V. temperature: ice, 10 inches; 1 specimen. Station 3(l((: Ufathoms: May I, I'.tll: i)'.l'4l'N., 141" I 1 W Hole made in ic(> *) feet tiiick: I specimen. St.'ition 27f/(. Septemher lit, jOlH. olT Coliinsoii point, Alaska: ii'c, S inches; ;j s|)ecimens. Station 27/(, Septemher 20, Illi:?. off Collinson point. Alaska: :!()= V., iie, 8 inches; 2 specimens. The .^pecii. ■■!is ranjie from :{ to 12 mm. in diameter. This char, ctcrislically arcii<', and e;isily recojjnized XarcoiiK^diisa h.'is heeii fully descrihecl within recent years hy Maas (HHti), hv Hartlauh i l',10y way of ('oiiliniiiitidii. Id the iiii»rc extensive series jilreaciy (le>y nie from the eoasts of i.alirailor nml Newfoiindlanil. Haviim Keen reeonleil from Herintr straits on the one lianil I Brandt, IKlh), from I.al>railoranil ( ireenland I Maas. ItUHi. KiKelow, lOO'tb, ilartlaiil), KKM)). on the other, as well as from Haicnts sea il.inko, \'M)ib; the? White sea (liirulu, IH'ltii and from Spit/l>erKeii ((Jronhern, ISi»H, .Maas, IlMMi), its oecnrrenee otT the ari'tic coast of North America was .o lie expected. Intact, it is api)arently one of the most characteristic and widespread of Arctic Medusa'. SCYl'HOMKDrs.K. St VI uoMKnr.-s.K. Family LUCERNARID^ .Jolm.ston. Ilaliclystus stejnegeri Kishinoiiye. I'late II, FiK. 4. llnlichislii.'i .^bji,i,j,ri Ki.-iliim.iiyc, ISIK), p. 12fi, fig. 1-3, MuyiT, IfllO. ))..■);;.■). Station L'l)(/. port Clarence, Alaska. Aiignst 4, I'.ti:}; 2 '.i fathoms; 2 si)ec: mens, liolh alioiit 12 mm. Iiroad, with wcll-develoju'd j{<"i!is K^'m'fiiH.v recoKiiized.' This is partly due to till fact that the various studies on its variations were not undertaken with this end in view; partly to the homo({i'ii<'ity of the K<'mi'* fi^ '« whole. l)Uf chieHy to the inlernradinn nature of the characters which have heen usi'd to delimit " si)ecies,'' and to the rhanges which take place in them with growth duriiijc the normal life of the Medusa, as well as after preservation. Anions; the four iiorthern species recotrnized liy Mayer ( 1!H(), p. o;?), //. niinciila. so fuHy descrilied l>y Clark (I87S). is recognizable chiefly by the fact that its eight adradial tentacle-arms are associated in |)airs. whereas in //. octoniilinttin. II. sal]iinx. and //. sUjiUijcfi they sta.id 4.")° apart, with the iiiterradial marginal notches as deep anil broad as the perradial. I'"urtherniore, •mricuhi has more tentacles i)er arm ( 100 120) than either ocUtnKliiitnx or sali>iiix. But, like them, tiie sexual saccules borne by its gonads are arranged in radial rows, irregular, it is true, but still discernible, there lu'ing two rows per gonad in octonidiatuy, 4 in ndlpinx, 6 -?r ol.-iivcl l.v Ki.shinouvf. In oIIi.t respycts tlKV M) .los.'ly uKrvv with hi- ({.MTijitioii tjiat no further aci'ount i;* needeil here. Tiie oriKiniii reeor.l> of tlii-; specie- l>ein(j from lieriiiK i-liiiiil, <'oiiiin!incler Kroiip (Ki>hinouve. ls«)!i; Mayer. I!»l(».. the pre-ent captures extend it- known riiiiKc across tlie hn.idtli of lieriim sea. Mul in this tiiere is notliiiiK siirpri-iiiK, the Medusa laiiiia of the hitter, so far as known. I.eiiiK (heuh'div uniform across Its whole lireadlh ' l!)|;{i. I) sroi iioii A. on Family PEl,.U;iI) E (ouenKaur. (^hrysaora sf>,.' Station iL'.i. iiernard harhoiir. Dolphin an mm. loiin. The cohmr i- de-cribed as follows: •■ The si.\teen radial stripes and the marninal l.'ntacles were dark brown (tiie former darkesn- Kijnads and filaments on thi' four nioiith tentacles (,irms) li(;ht bn wn; other- wise the Medusa was pale yellow trans|)arint." The specimen is now so thoroughly stained with iron rust that no trace of its normal colouration is to be seen. Fiifortunately this does not suffice to identifv the specimen specifically for not only are the relationships of the various described n>embers of this ndius still a puzzle, but the colouration of all those of which an\ consid.Mal.le number have been studied, is extremely variable ( .Maver, l!»l(), p. .VSOi. Chrifsuora tJioiiKh primarily at home in temperate seas, is already known from the sea of ()kliotsk (Kishinouye. l!»l(), p. |2l. .\nd in the \orth Pacific one or other "species "of the rciiu.- is known from ."^aiihalin island; from Kamtschatka, the Aleutians, and thence southward to San Francisco bay in v '.iliforiMa. It IS recorded {C. mdniiaMcr) from the neifiiibourhood of poiiit ISarrow ( Fewkes ISSf). Murdoch, ISS.")!. It is also reconled from (ireenland (.Vurivillitis. bSittj' jide Morch, 18o7'. Miit it is by no me^Mis certain that this early recor.l can be relied on. and it has not been acceic,e,l l)y Kramp (l!»14). Family CY.V\EII).-E I.. .\jr,.,ssiz. Cyanea capillata var. capillata i I.inmeus). F:sciis. iiolt/. .ee mSm«io: rp:':^!*:';;;."' ''"'• "' '• ■' '■"" ''"" '^^■"""^■'"^' ""• ">•'"""■' -' ^•''■•'""^^' Station 20/, (Irantley harbour, port Clarence, Alaska: Awy;ust ;{ 1!)13- 2 juv. specimens, both al)OUt 40 mm. in diameter. Station .)7(i, cajie Smyth, point Harrow, Ala.ska, August S, I'Mti: 4 young specimens, 8-20 mm. in diameter, .somewhat fragmentary, but vet well enough preserved to show their identity. At this .same locality, according to Mr. Johan- sens notes, many I ynnea, large (1-2 feet in diameter) and small were .seen, uniting northward with the strong current. 14ti Cniiiiiliiin An til- EifHiiiliou. I'.H.i-l^ Hulh nf the liirutr ilml »till inmiiitiiifi spri'iiiitti^ liavr lu-t nni-r of \\\v\t iiiiiiilh piirtt* mill ti'iil!i(li'>. tiiiil :iri' oflicrwiM' in pimr cunditimi. Thi'.v iirt- ri'i'iirilnl iis lii'liiniiiiiK to the viir. aiinUnUt of this wlilisprfMil ;inil ucll-knuwn i-pccirs. hciHll^c 111' tlirir iliiT ri-»rllilil;illii' tii the spfriiiiiMls iif ( . iiliiillillil v;ir. ntiiilliitn. wliirli I liavi- pri\ inii^ly i|i-itiIh'iI frum Umtm «ra i I'.HH, \'.U'2'. I'tirlii'ultirly itiiportaiit , iii iiMMliiiK thiiii in tliis sntinii nf llii' ^pcrii'^, ari' tin- fiiit< that tlif -ixtiiii mii^iiilur triipi/,ia "f tlii' Milmiiiliri'llii arr prartirally (•oiitiiMiiiiis, line will) aiiiithiT, lianlly srparatiMl at all; ami that tlir rlifts limitiiiK till' rliiipalar lapprts r.rr shallow an. I ihr iiiti-rrailial marginal ililts liroail il!t|:{. pi. 1. lin. Hi. Thi- arran>f<'in«''it of the lappet laiiaK i« likiwi-e the .-aiiif a> in the Herinn sea exaniplrs. Itiit liny ate not in nood eiiouiili I'onilition to throw any liuhl on the varietal relatimi'hips in this varialile nenns. Whatever eoloiir they may have exhiliiteil in life has now disappeareil. Fanii:.- AlRKIJin.E I.. Auassiz. Aurvliu limbata Mramlt. .ti<|-./m limtHilii Hruliilt, is:il. p -.'ti. \.iiili..|Trii, KMIJ, |i l;i; M:i:is. 1".HH,, p. litis, p. W. pi 'i, t'm> I 4 IhiiliH-niMih'i'iii Iniiluilii Hruiiill, lx;tH, p M2. pi 10. .■)()7; Hmrliiw Station 2(1/, Ciranlley harlioiir. i)iirt Clarenee. Alaska, AuKiist ;i, l<,»i;{; surfaee; H speeiinens aliotit 7."), 50, ami M mm. in iliameler. Also, many noteii as ■■ seen in the water." These three specimens, the larjiest of wliieh hears well-ileveloped jfiinads, are ernmpled and partly deeoinposed. Milt the eanal system is suftiiienlly preserved to show that they are the same form as the speeiinens from the Aleutian islands and northern Japan, which I iiave referred to the A.lnnhatn of Mramlt il'.UH. p. !M>). As I have pointed owt, this species (if indeed it deserves so di;{- iiilied a rank) is separalile from the more widely ociurrinn .1. durito chietly liy the very comj)lex ;inastomosis of its canals. And thouuh this character is a trivial one and not sh.irply li.lined. thanks 1.) it .1 limlmln is decidedly dilTereiit from \. iiuriia in general apiicarance. In llie present si)ecimen>, as in the much better ones wliich I have already descrilied from the Kurile islands, from the sea of Okhotsk, and from northern Japan i I'.llli. p. '.til), the perradial and iiiterradial Krin s of can.'ils divide, sulidivide, ami anastomose so com- plexly that the entire sulimnlirell:; surface is occupied liy a clo>e-meslied canal net. .\nd even the adradial canals, which are straight and unliranched over their inner hal' • -. take ])art in the n'""''!""' anastomosis for the outer half of their length. .\ second character which h;is lieen used to separate linihuta from (iiinUi is the ni,ir«inal pi(;imiitatioii of the former: and this was a striking feature of the IJeriiin sea series collected !iy the Mhiilmss i|<.)l:5. p. lOtli. In the iiresent case this piicmen.tation, if once present, has lieen lost prohaMy the result of very poor preservation. Mut the .\urelia seen otT cape Smyth, point Marrow. .Mask \. station 't~(i. .\ut;ust S. I'.llt'i imiiu' preserved) are de.~crilieil hy Air. .iohansen as i|lK the tentacles yellow lirowii (these, however, may not have lieen hiiilmlit). ause of their poor condition the s|iecimens add nothing to previmis accounts ihe anatomy of the si)ecies. Their principal interest is Kcocraphic This .same variety or siiecies, of Annliii. whichever it finally proves to be, w!is .•ipp.irently t ' M! by the Ti'lUe expedition in ( Ireenland waters ( Kram]), I'H.S, p. 2S1 ), fo. nii)'s series show the same complex aiiastomis of the canals as is characterisi., .\leutian and lierinH Strait si)ecimens. Kramp, it is true, believes that they cannot be referred to liinlialit. 1 ause dilTerinn from it in the decree of pigmentation and outline of the bell. Hut the structure of the canals is so much more important than either of these characters that they are Mi'luitit iiii't i ti iii>iihitrit \rm (•(•rtiiinly inon- doxlv iillicil t.i it tlum t.. .! ciiciitnp.il:ir. I I I Mii'iliiK I < ^ llll'l II) V . I MMil' I'l.ll ROHRACirilDi; < Inin MiTtensia ovum l:il.riiiii>'. KiriUiiiiiiii I'liliriciii", ITMt. p .111.' l-.ir -•\ iimii\ rnv . «.'r. M:i\(r. I'.tl'J, \i » \m ^pcciiiiiii- of till* -pccif- Mt I'M-t Ihil cuijlii/.'ililc ;t> -llcli Uiic tn l)f fuiiiiil ill the collcciiiiii. Hilt it i« p'conli'cl 111 Mr. .Iiiliiiii-cii'> liiM iiuics ;i- ln'irnj coiniiKiii ;il ( ■miikIcii Imv. Arctic inM^t nf Ala>k:i, diiniii; Sep'. mlicr ami Octnlicr. I«l.:{. iiF.ltnlIi\. Family BEROID.K KMb.Mlw.lt/;. Berutf cucumiH I'aliricin^. Hirm runiinix I'librii'ius, ITSO. |i, :i(il I'm- .>yiioiiyiriy, «rc Mnrtcii^i'ii. I'M'.', p. Vi. Statiiiii 'till ape Siiivtii. pdiiii Marrow, Ala^k.'i. Aiiu i~i s. I!i|»i: 1 «iiiall .'pcinifii, alioiit I \ mill. Iiiitli, aint niiiiicnuis fratiiiniit--. Tl'c material !■; not in Mithcientiy t'nud cdiulitiiiii tu aii'l aiiylliiiin tu the earlier accniiiits of this well-known species. For a iliscu>-ion ol' it- sv-teiiiatic relationshi|) to the various other ■■-pecio" of liirni, I refer the re.nler to M 'r- teii.-eii ' 1!»I2). I.Oll \J K. Family BOI.INOPSID.E Hiiie'ow. Bolinopsis -p.;* liiilnioiisis i.as " liiiliiiii " ] i> reeoril'-'i in .Mr. .lohaii-en'- lirM notes as I'ommoii (iiirinti Septemlier and Octolier. IHI:{. at Caiinlen lia\ Aiitic coast of .\l;isk:t. Hut no specimens were sUccr---ful|y pre.-iTVed. (IKodUAl'lIK .\1. DlSTKllUritiN. The interest of the present collection is much enhanced liy tlu' f.ict that 't is only the second ever made mi the .\ictic coast of North .\incrira. In f: ct, although collections h.ive been iii.idi in I'leriiig sea on the one hand iHiaiill. IS;{S: Uitelovv. HUHi, aluiiK the l.iKrador coast and at various I'jorcls and liar- i)oiirs in (Ireenlaiid on the other, there is not a siiiple record of aii\ .Medusa, so far as I have lieeii ahli' to learn. Iielwieii Hudson straits on the ea-t. and Uer- intr straits on t!ie -vsf. e\cepi for a few re.-ord-- fre.ni ^\v■ r.- i-j;h'".ur!t-;>uil of point Harrow i I'ewkes, LSSo; Murdoch, 1SS.')|. The Medusa fauna of the .Vrctic coasts of I'.iirope, .and of .'spit /.Ijertieii has. on the otlKT hand, lieeii the su'oject of silcli exhaustive stuily at so many h.'Uids that ill its general characteristics it may he renardeil as fully as well known as that of more temperate coasts .\iid the Medusa' of the northern coasts of eastern 1«H Cuntiiliiln Ariiii- tij'fmlitinH, HUJ-IS ;(*' Ammiii lire tuirlv \v«ll kmivMi, tliaiik< to iln ■•iiuthwurtl • xtiii-inii ot >nriiie »rlii|)rnilur«'« to Ni'W I'JIKlltllil. .IiiiIkiiik Iriiin what is ktiitwii i.f tin' i|i«lril)Ulii>n „i .Mii|ii>.:i' m antir watir^ an. I, iiiilr.il, iif riici^t i>tlilor, ( iri'iiilatid, or Spilzlirrnni oil ilu' otlur, wtrc to he i\|MTiii|, till' ({I'licral thesis of till' rirriiinpolaiitv III iiiost litloial antii' orKaiii^iiis hrinir will i'«lulilisln'il. Ami, as a inatli'r of fart, iiiiiii' i- shown hy tlii' I'olli'il ion, all ihi- .Mi'iliisa> anil ( 'tiiiophori's t.'ikin liy ihr ( ','inailian Arrlii' r,\piilitioii north of Hrrinn straits liilnnKinn to spi.iis will known lithrr frotn -onif part of ihi' North Atlantic or from iisarrtii' triliutarics I'Xri'pt for till' oiii' iii'W spi'cii's ip, "ill. Sill h .iri' Sdrsui jinnn /is. Sursiii tltiiiimiu, Hiilhkiii hliiiiii nhwhn, lliilithnhin cinalu.i. Afiliiiithii iliijitiili, Aitinioiiiis liiiirinlii, I'liiji/'ihini -\>., ('nniiitt riiiiilliila, Mt iti iism iiniin, Iti roi iiiriiinis, ami H,ilnii>iisis sp. ,\ll of ihiin wi'ri' liviiiK iimlir piinly .\rrtir coiulitions of liinpfraliiri', ofti'ii, lit- noli'il liy Mr. .lohansi'ii, in thi' Icails aiul opi niiiKs in thr ire ,'iml uihIit it. .Villi juilninn from the K«''>Kniphiral location of cajitiiri'. tliiri' is no reason to >ii|iposr that any of thcin arc other than cnileinic to the .\ritic ocean, sonie- ihiiiK wli-i'h can! . always lie saiil of collections from Spil/Jierneii, or from Marents sea. 'I'hiis, to take an example, for ('liriimiinti to have readieil |)olphiii ami rniiiii strait as an involuntary iiiimiKraiit from either North .Vtlantic or North Pacilic waters wmilil reiiuire a drift of not less than l.tHM) miles; neces- sarily carried out since the .Medusa was set free (('li,-iisn„rii the contrary it is well estalilislied that CijnHKi aipillaln amon»> Scyphomedusa', //(///V/in/i/.v finalii.s, lOithkin IiIiihk hIkkIiH, and one or another variety of Atjlantka Jiijilali are eiiually endemic in the boreal waters of the North .Vtlantic. It is of ureat importance, not only to the students of the Kroup, hut especially to the oci'.'ino]Kr,'ipher, to cstalilish liefinitely which of the Arctic Medusa' arc certainly tl.e products of arctic .sea.s, and of them alone, for such natural huovs are often of the greatest assistance in inUicatiiiK the oriniu- northern or southern, of the constitueiit waters of ocean currents. And they have the advantatte over the antic diatoms, of larj{c size and easy ideiititicatioii. Fortunately there is at least one Aiitlioiiiedusii, Stirr^itt ininci ps. which has heen recorded from so many parts of the arctic and from the currents flowing from it. e n-. the J.alirador current, hut no where else, that it can safely he taken as a sure indication of arctic water. Wherever it may drift, it can he as surely retraced to an arctic home as can a Nova Scotia coast huoy which has strayed out into the (iiilf Stream, to coast.il moorings. And no lietter natural buoy could he fnimd f r not only is its arctic oriKin certain, and its drift periodliinitcd iliy the fixed hydroid stajjO, hut it is so large anil its specific features so characteristic that the veriest tyro could he trusted to recognise it from a good ilrawinR. S. fiammea would perhaps he an equally safe index to arctic waters, except that it is less distinguishable •"-im its relatives. Among Leptomedusu' I may menti m, as an arctic index, I'IiicIkxjciki hictia (not, however, re|)ri sented in the present collection). Typicidly aictic Tra- liiuiiieiliisa' ale I'linlidijnslnit ixiians , l'(()S»b. liUii.) and ii tv|iii!illv iirfti.'. Ainl, hkf Siii.^oi i,n,iiiii.i. it i-i iii.t ,,iiiy liirnr Imi v.rv ••aiilv' rir.)j{Mi/r.|; ■ u.l it i> iiiptt known Iroin mi nmn\ r inl'*, »., uul.lv ilisirihiiri-d ..v.t tli.' A lir ^.a-., that iH |.r.>rnr.' .an I..- -i.l.r.il a -iir.' iiiri ..f ardi.- w iI.t. I'lili i- .(iiiallv trill' ..f th.- ( t.'iiopliurc MtitiHs,,, mum. w tuih i- mil uiily a triif antic f..rm, l.iii j, « n-itiv l.i .liaiiu.* ..f l.ni|..r'iliirf that il .l...'- iK.t loiiK -iirviv.' any .un^i.l.raM.' wariniim ..f th.' w.-l.r in ulii.h il ll.iat' i l't|7 If hiitli.r .•untiriMali..ii ..f th.' alliiiiii.-. ..f Sni: l.ir th.-ir .•iniiiii|...larii\ . In.!...! in I'm. I any sliallow-wjitiT antic M.diiha n.it .•in'iiiMp..lar w.ml.l lie MiirpriMim tli.Tc l..'ini: no l.arn.r, .'ithiT in th.- phy-i.al .■oi„liti..ns of th*' m'u wat.r or in th.' pn'^.'n.'.' .it a hin.l iiiasM, to wii.-h .h^tritiiition. So far a- th.' pn'sfiil coM.'ction u.,.'». it max 1..' .■oIl^i,|..r.■.l a Upical npr.'- M'ntativ.' ot th.' .'ii.l.'nii.' litl.iral M.'ihi-a fauna of th.' Antic. i'.>sT.s( |{|I•^ I.l.■'T OK .MkI)1.«.K .OI.l.K. TKI) IIV niK CVNAIUW KxiM.oitlS., .^IKVMKIt '■ AKin NK " l<.t(i:i p.HH. The few M.'.hisiP f.'ik.'ii .hiring thi> .'xp.'.litioii an- in p.M.r 'oii.hti.>n aii.l as till Im'Ioiim; I'> well-known sp.'cies, a >-iiiipl,. |i>t „f th.' ni'onl-. i- uiv. n. Catublema vesicaria (A. AKa^sizi. On" ..p.'.'iin.'n, 'JO nun. in .liam.'t.'r. with thirty lari-.' t.ntacl.'s ,all l.n.k.n • >ii<.rti anil ai.oiit as many kiK.l.s, fn.m Hia.'k Ti.'kl.'. I,alir,i,.,,r. .S'pt.'iMlMr, Aftlantha dif^itale ' lahriciiisi. i!H»:<. Thn'.' sp.'i'im. 'IIS, very fratinieiitarv, -Jil J.", iimi. hiiih. port Murucll (■ii..'iv'i Septeiiili.r, l!M);{. — • . Cyanea •p..' (_)ue speciiii.n, al.out :{.') in in .liaiM.t.r. too fratini.'iit.'irv f..r i ...' th'iii generic (ietermin.'ition, Kull.Ttoii. west si.l.' of ||ii(ls..n I mv. \.,rtl]w.'st Terri- tories, ."septeinb.'r, 1 !»(»;{. Aurelia limbata Uran.it (?i Seven sin-iH spj^'iineiis of Aiirei,.', L>ll :{() ,...„. in ihan.et.'r. pn.l.al.iy he- lonuini: to this sp.'cies. I.ecuMse of the anast.)mosis of th.' canals , p Ihufnun lilack Tickje, Lal.ra.lor. SepteinhiT. I!l(t:S. One siK'eiin.'ii .;f al„„it the's.-ime size from North Somerset, Northwc-t Tirritories, August, I'.dtt. BilU.IiHiKAI'iiY. AgaHsiz, A. lHt).5. lius, i89ti. Das Plankton ilor Ballin'.^ Bay un.l Davis Strait. I psala. Fostschrift fur I illi.' borg. pp. IS I 212. ' ' . iJ-***''^V. N(3rth"Am.>rip.in .Vral.'phu'. Mem. M.C. Z„ I. 14 |-2;U pn , MA) figs .Xurivillius, C. W. S 11.' »■ 1NH Cunadian Arctic Lxpcdition. lill,i-iH f*i \\n:\. mi; Higildw. iin I'.MMIii. I!('|Mirts on the siiciitilip nsiilts of the cxiipililioii tii the l!;ist<'rii 'rroplciil I'iirific, I'.KM l!Ht'). XVI, 'Ihc M.tliis:r Mem. M. C Z , .C, 'JlCi pi' ■ '^ !>'- I'.MKth. ('(M'lctitcriitrh from Ijibniilor iiml Ncwfoiiinll.iiicl, mllrotiil l>v Mr. ( Iwi-ii Urviiiil fn.iii July to OilolxT, l".M)S. I'roc I . S. N. M., ,),', pii. :;i>l 'siu. pi. HO IVJ. MihIiism' iiiiil Siplioiioiih(ir:r i-ollcrlr.l liv tlic 1' S. I'islicn sliiimir ".Mlmtross ' in the iiorllwcslcrii I'licific. I'.MHi. I'roi-. l.S. N. M., ',.',. | ;. 1 l.'O. pi. I ti K))iri Imus. ii new Ki'iiu.-* of Tniclioiiinlii.'<:ir. I'roc. r.S..\..\l. .;.'■ pp. li'.tlt KH. Jil. .V.l. lAploration of tlii' coa.'*! wiilcr bclwcrii ( 'npc Cod iiiiil ll:ilif:t\ in l'.M4 ami \'.t\r> liv llir I . S. li^licricM Silioomr " ( IrMliipiiH " Occano^triipliN Mini phtrikloii. KiiU. M. C. Z.. 67. pp. IC.l :ir)7, .' pl-i. Hiriibi, A IS'.Mi M.itiri:ilrn fur Hiolo^ii' uiiil Zoo(j(0){riipliic li.iiiptwirlitliih Hll^'^isc•lll■r Seen lUiis- fUiu]. Ann. Mum. Zool. .Xcail. St. I'l'tcrsbourg: /, pp. IJ'27 il.jl. Uriuidt, ,1. !■■ ls.'U. IVixIroiiiiis (li'scriptioniH aiiinialiuui ab H. M.rtcnsio in orlii.s liTraniiii (■irciiinna- vitjalioiii' obsirvalinii. l!rr. .Viirs. .\i'ail.. St. I'l'tcrsbiirn; "'i pp ls;{S. .\usfiilirliclii' Hcsi-liri'lliiiiit: ilcr von ('. II. Mortfiis anf «Mncr Wilniniscuiliing Ixiibaclitctcn SchiriiKpiallcii. Mem. .\ra(l.. St. I'ctcrslxmrg. Scr. f>, loin. I. pp. ■j:;7 HI. 1)1. 1 :{1. lirowiu'. v.. 'V. l.s()."i. (Ill ilir variation of llnliclii.slus iiflttriiflinlaa. tinart. .lourii. Micro. Sci., J^'. pp. 1 H pl 1, Clark, 11. .1. Ist'iH. rrnilroiiiiis of tholiistory, Niriicliiri'. ami pliy.-;iolo);v- of the onlcr l.uci-riiariir. ISoston .loiirii. Nat. Hist., 7. pj). Pi'M .">ti7. 1M78. Luccrnaria' and their allies. Sinithsoiiiaii ( out. Knowledge. i'.J. pp. 1 i:it). pl. 1 II. Kabricius, (). — 17sO. Vaiina (Jroenlandica. Hi f 4.'iL' pp . 1 pl. Ilafniu', Liiwia'. I'ewkos. ,T. W ISS'J. Notes on Acalcphs from the ■rorlii)ias. with a description of lew genera and s|)ecic'S. Hull. M.C.Z.. .''. pp. 12.'>l .'Mt. 7 pis. iNS.'i. }lvdrozo;i. llepl. Int. Polar l.\ped. to I'oint Harrow, .\laska. pp. 111:! Km INS!S. Medusa'. l{cpt. Int. I'olar l-Apen. to l,ad\ I'raiiklin Hav. (Irinnell Land. Vol. II, pp. :«)- 1.'), pl. 1. l-orbes, K.— 1S4H. A monograph of the British naked eyed Medii.sa- Kit pp . i:i pis Hay Soi,, lAmdon. I'r.iser, C. McI.. — l".»14. Siine Ilvdroids of the Vancouver Island UeKioii. Tr;ins. Hov. .Soc. Canada, Ker, :i. Sect. 1. ,V. i^p, '.('.I '.Mli. ;tli pis. fironberg. ('•. — 1S9S. Die Hydroidiuediisen des .\rktischen (iebietes. Zool. Jahrb Abt. Syst., // pp. 4.")1 467, pl. 27 Grons, .1.— 19(H). Anatoniie der l.ucernariden. .leiia Zeil. .'>' J. pp. till li'J'J, i)l. -'■', -\. Haeckel. Ernst. - 187'.t. l)a.s system der medusen. /. Systi'in der craspedoten. Denkschr. .MiHl.-nat. (Je-. iUsch. Jena, I. Jii r'itM) PP , ^1' pfs. Hartlaub, C. ■ liX17. Craspolotr nierleans. ( 'roisiere ( Iccanotiraiihiiine acoomiilie a boni de la Hel(tica dans la Mer du (Iroenland. Httl."). IS pp. pl. 7i) 77. 1911. Craspeilote mi'dusen. Nordische.s I'huikton, K', pp. I:i7 JS,">. 1913. Criusiiedolo niiiliisen. Nonlisches Plankton, /~, pp. 'J:i7 MY.i. Kishinouye, K. - l.S9*,t. A iic^- species of stalked MediL^S'. Iliil li/ntii:' sli jiiKjiri. I'roc. V. S. Nat. Mus. 2:>, p. 12.V V.^. 1910. Some Modusic of Japanese waters. .lourn. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, j: , ."?,'') pp., ,'') pis, Krmi'p, P. 1.. — 19i:i. Medusa! collected by the '■ 7'j';//i " expiilil ion. Vidonsk. Meddel. D.ansk Natiirh. Koren. d-'i. pp. 'J.')7 'JStl. 1914. Medu.ser op Siphonophorer. Conspectus I'antia' t iroenland ica', .Medd. oiii (iroiiland 2.i. pp. iSS-"* l.")tl. I.inko. A. - HKI.'i. Zoolopische Sludien im Harent^ Meere Zool. .\nz. 2S, jip. 21(1 22tl. Liiine, Carl von 17'>S. Svstema Natnra^. ed 10. Hcdmia-. Maas. »H,ti>-- 1904. Mediises provpnant den pamp,a)jnes des yachts " IlirovdrUi " et " }'nnrrx:i-.\Hri" (lsH(>-l'.MW). liesnlt. camp, sci Monaci'i, fnsc. 2S, 71 pp., Ci pis. Medusa: and CtrridphoTa 19h 19()5. iJii' craspi-ilDiiM iiiiiliiwn dor Sihoga-i'Xpcditidii. SiboBK cxpcil. iimimr., 10, 84 pp , H t)U. ]<.t(16. Dii' Arktwlii'ii iiicilimiTi - Kmina Arrlliii, ',. pp. »7'> n^O UKtU. Jttpaiuwhc iiic.1iim.ii Alih, K. HiiviT. akail.. xuppl. 1, pi. K, .VJ pp., A pis. Mayer, A. (J l9Ut. Miilusii' pU 1912. Otcnopliorch of the Atluiitu; .•.mxt of N.irth Aiiicricii. Cimirgif iiisl. puhl. N... HIJ, 5H pp., 17 pin Mortcnwii, T. HtlJ. CtriKiphora. I ).iiii.-li Ingulf ixpi.l . .'>. No 2. '.•;"> pp., 1(1 pis , 1 rliart. Murhai'h, L., ami Sh.'ur.r, ('. 190:f. On M.iluHa' from the c.i;L-'t ..f Hrilisli < ■.iliiniliia ami Ala.-ka. I'roc. Z.kiI. .S„c, lion.i.iii. 3, pp lt)4 I'CJ, pis. 17 ■.".' Muriioch, J.- - IHH',. Not.-w on surfii..' lift- . K.pt. Int I'.ilar K\p..l. to Tomt Harrow, Alaska. I't. 4. appcmiix, iip. MCi JOO Hathkr, M. H.- lH:t.5. HcMcliriilmiiK ilcr (A-t, Zool.. i. |>. H.'il :i',)."), p|s. 24, 2.1. i 20m Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18. b:xplaxatiox of plates. All figures drawn from photographs by E. X. Fischer. Pl.\tf. J Fig. 1. SarsiaXprinreps Haeckel. ."'iilc view of specimen IH mm. high. It has swallowed a Schizopod. Fig. 2. Halitholus cirratus Hartlaub. Sick' view of specimen 13 mm. high. Fig. 3. Hnlitholus cirratus Hartlaub. Side view of specimen 14 mm. high with bell cavity opened, and upper wall turueil back, to show manubrium and goniviLs. Fig. 4. Eumedusa simitis, gen. et sp. nov. Side view of type specimen, with half the bell wall cut away, to show manubrium and g,.. nov. Ornl view nf scRini'nt of murKiii of type spcciinrn, to show the two cliisscs of tcntiiclcr.. UrRi' hollow :iii'l *wM soljil. Fig 2 Hiimi:lu.i,.ii^ linirnilii Hraiuli. Obliipu' ^'ti\<- view of spe.-imi-n 12 mm. in (liamclcr. Fig. 4. Ilalii-liislu.^ Mfjiu-giri Kii^hitioiiyr. S •xmnil of Koiiail. to show arriiiiKomcnl of Ronitiil swellings. Fig. 5. Sarmii flammeu l.inko. Side view of .speeimen S mm. high. From a photograph. ■rrau -i-'iJ-J, o;are Np 2 mm, •nitiil ;'.-i. '»w;^»o:ic" .iiv -iP^IiJi' -S-SMPBKa« \ ; li Nruropturoiii InMct*. Hy Nathun Hbi.Ic*. ihiuM). ■ iV «"'h"'J "'^ ^•.'T*- ^- '^'••«»"''"'- lliUTi-on (i Dv«r, uid J. U. M»llo<-h. (/iwd, . 1): M»)l<.phiw« and Anoplura. Ily A W. Maker. U. F. rerrii, ud U. H. F. N'uttaU. ; K: f ol«..pt«r». 1 y J M hwamo. II. (,. r.11, (;. W. Lena, and J U. .Sherman, Jr. (/i : !■: Ilpiniptpra. Uy I,. I*. Van l)ux<<'. ilmufli. Report of the Canadian Arctic Eipcditlon, 1913-18. ValiUM I; GMifral iMtndiMttoa. NatrMw, Bt*. Part A: Northrn Party, l»t»-l«. Part B: South«n» Party, l»l*-|«. Uy Rudolph Martin Andatfoa. iU fnptrMun) . Valual* Ut Mammala and BM*. Part A. Mararoali. By Rudolph Martin And«r»fin (/n prniMrdrtoa). Part li: Mirdt. Hy H. M. .Vnd..r*m »iwj »'. v Tavaroar. (/a pr*jMr«(>ua). Vaii.vM Oil iBaMta. latroduftioB. By C. Gordiia Hawitt. Part A; ('olle.iibula. By Juatui W Tulaoin. iinntd). Part B Nruroptvroid InMcta. Hy Nathun Hai.k*. itttuM). Part <; " " '" Parti Parti Parti . , Part G: llym«noptera and Plant Gail*. By M.ti O. .MacGlllivray, Chart** T. Dnji.., V. W. I, .sindoB and i\. VutVdt I'ell. (/«.4»eii) * ^"'/L'^f''''"'' *'""■ ^^ ^'y''»P"J» "y J. »■ Km.rtoB, Natbaa Bank*, .nd Ralph V. Chamlwrlio. Part I; '.et'iU tt.o .Ui'tir. By FriU Johan**n. (In prtparrei,-ir,ition). l'uni£i. By John I >»ameiia. i/n prryxiri/DHi, l.iilitna. By K. L. .Mprrill. i/n prrpanilion). Mo»»i'». By li. 8. Williania. {In ;ir, 7Mr..,'.«B!. Volume V: pjiany. 1 loworiLj rianli and Fernn. By.) - , .M Mii..,„n »n.l Theodore Holm, (in prtMratum). G»n«raJ Note* on Arctic VcBctati.m il.\ 1 rit^ .l..hmiv.n. 'In preinyi-liun). Valumv VI: lliihrii, TanlrateN. KIc. Part A: Fiihoi. By F. Jolianaen. i/n ;>r<;wrj(i .ni. Part U: Awidians, etc. By A rhii,,tt. (/wupj). (uiiiii'-fa. By W. T. l^ulnmn. i/n;)rc«ni. IsopiKla. By .Mist P. L. Biiono. i/»i;ir-Mi Aiiiphipittla. By Clarpnce 11. ShiK'niak.T. ^/^l pntii, Pycnogoniila L<«m .1. Cule. {In iir.na.. Kuphyllopoda. By F. J(}|ian«on. Jn ;(ri;).ini(wii. C-'liidopcra. By fhiincpy Juday. i/n;ir',«,. Ontracoda. By It. W Whurp.'. [In iir,fii:.:!i,in). Frenh water Copeprrj„ir.,tv)nj. Volume VIII: .MoUuiks, Krhlnoderm*. C «M>lentenlFs, Ett, Part A: Mollu>ik*, Recent and I'loistoceno. Itv \Vm. II. Oail. plumed). £*'* 5' Cephalopoda and I'terop.Ma. liy .S. .> Hurry and VV. F. Clapp. {In ;>r«pjrafcr.;urj(iu«t. Part J: Porifera. Volume I\: AnnelldH, Parasitic Worms, Prota»uini, Et. Part A: Olisochaeta. By Frank .Smith and I'aul .S. Welch. {Isi^ed). PartB: Polychaeta. By Ralph V. CliambiTlui. {Inpresgi. Part C: Hirudinea. ByJ. P. Moore. {In prtnai. Part D: Gepbyrea. By Ralph V. Chamberlm. {In prem). Part E: Acantbocephala. By H. J. Van Cleave, ihsurd). Part F: N'ematoda. By N. A. Cobb. {In preimmtioni. Part G: Trematoda By A. R. Cooper. ;/>i prrparationi. Part H: Cestoda. By A. R. Cooper, i/n ;)>r;wru/ion). Parti: Turbellaria. By A. Haasell. {In preparation). Part J: Gordiacea. Part K: Sporoioa. By J. W. Mavor. (In prepnralton). Part H: Foraminifera. By J. A. Cuahman. {Issued). Volume X: Plankton, HydroKraphir, Tide*, Etc Part A: Plankton. Marine Diatoms. {In prvparatum). Part B: Tidal Observation* and Results. By W. Bell Uawson. (In prt$t). Part O: Hjrdrograpby. =«R mfimmmmmm^mmmi