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LOW, Dtputr Victoria MemaFiftrjyiuseum BULLETIN No. 1 OCTOBER 23, 1913 CONTENTS PALAEONTOLOGY The Trenton Crinoid, Ottawacrinua (W. R. Billinga) F. A. Batbbr Note on Merocrinus (WalcoU) f. A. Batbcr The Occuirenoe of Helodont Teeth at Roche Miette and Vicinity, Alberta L. M. Labibe Notes on Cyclocystoides p. e. Ratiiond Notes on some New and Old Trilobitvs in the Victoria Memorial Museum p. e. Ratmond Description of Some New Asaphids p. E. Raymond Two New Species of Tetradium p. E. Ratmond Revision of the Species which have been referred to the Genus Bathyurus (Preliminary Paper) P. E. Ratmonu A New Brachiopod from the Base of the Utica A. E. Wilson PALEOBOTANY A New Genus of Dicotyledonous Plant from the Tertiary of Kettle River, British Ck>lumbia W. J. Wilson A New Species of Lepidostrobus W. J. Wilson MINERALOGY 1 O *J I '. , Q Prehnite from Adams Sound, Admiralty Inlet, Baffin ' "^ Island, Franklin R. A. A. Johnston NATURAL HISTORY The Marine Algae of Vancouver Island F. S. Collins New Species of MoUuska from the Atlantic and Paci- fic Coasts of Canada VV. H. Dall and „,.,,„ P- Bartsch Hydroids from Vancouver Island and Nova Scotia. . C. McLean Frasir ANTHROPOLOGY The Archeology of Blandford Township, Oxford County, Ontario W. J. Wintembbro OTTAWA Government Printing Bureau 1913 Property o^ 'I,-- Lib^a^ University of Wdterloof No. 1240 fe> CONTENTS Pii«e. I. The Trenton Crinoid, Otlamierinui (W. R. Billingi) i By F. A. Bather. II. Note on M crocrinus (Walcott) 11 By F. A. Bather. III . The occurrence of Ilclodont teeth at Koche Miette and vicinity, Alberta jy By Lawri-nce M. Lambe. IV. Note* on Cyclocystoides 23 By Percy E. Raymond. V. Notes on gome new and old Trilobites in the Victoria Mojiiorial Museum n~ By Percy IC. Raymond. VI. Description of some new Aflaphido' 4I By Percy E. Raymond. VII. Two new spetiea of Trtradium 49 By Percy E. Raymond. VIII. Revision of the species which have been referred to the genus Bathyurus (pnliminary paper) 51 By Percy E. Raymond. IX. AnewBrachiopodfromthcbascofthcUtica. 81 By AHce E. Wilson. X. A new genus of Dicotyledonous Plant from the Tertiary of Kettle river, Britiph Columbia. 87 By W. J. WilHon. XI. A new spc^cies of Lepidostrobus. ... so By W. J. Wilfwn. XII. Prehnite from Adams sound. Admiralty inlet, Baffin island, Franklin ^ By Robt. A. A. Johnston. XIII. The marine Alga? of Vancouver isLind 99 By Frank !S. Collinn. V species of MoUu.sk8 from the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of Canada i|i,j By \Vm. H. Dall and Paul Biirtsch. »ydroid.-i from Vancouver i.>ie ufod in r:.y papers on British Fossil Crinoids, nnil ore explained in "A Treatise on Zoology, Part III" (19Uu). IBB-Infrabasnls; BB-Basals; RR ■• Radials ; Rt ■• Inferradial ; Rj - Superradial ; R A - Radianal ; z- proximal anal plate; Br-Brachials; IBr— Primibrachs; lAx »Primaxil; r.-right; I. -left; ant.- anterior; post, or p.- posterior. Vorious terms in the description of the stem are used as de- fined in "Triassic Echinoderms of Balcony" (Budapest, 1909). DESCRIPTION OF THE HOLOTYPE. The Cup (Plate I, figs. 1, 2) in outer form merges equably into 3-6+2-8 the stem below and the arms above, expanding from ■ 3-2 mm.' below, to 4-8+3 3-0 mm. above (at top of Ri). The height, measured along the slope, from the stem to the top of R5, is 6 mm. in r. post, ray, 5-6 mm. in ant. ray and in I. post, ray; but measured to top of Rt, it is 4 • 5 mm. in r. post, ray, 4 ■ I mm in ant. ray, 4-2 mm. in 1. post. ray. IBB (Plate I, figs. 1, 2, 3) 5, hexagonal, alternating with the proximal pentameres of the stem. The lower angle is moro obtuse than the upper. The l.ant.IB has a height of 1 -7 mm.; width above, 2-2 mna." -^ ^th below, about 2-1 mm. ■ Tliia mode of eipreb.. ion givu the iiGtiul extitme meaaurementi in the compiraaed (oHil, and then the mean. tllB TMNTON CMNiilO, OrTAWACMNV* | 2-3 mm.; width alwve, 2- 1 mm. ThU in the UrgiT of fho two iupport. X. Might ant. B. i. heptagonal, bocaunc not only ,loi.« H •upport r. ant. R, but stretches between that radial and r. po.t. B, m a. to meet the lower «lopc of r. po«t. K. Thus r. post. H. becomes imall and pentagonal. .nJR/^'TK '' ^T.\ ''.*; ^^ *• "" """"''''" '^ ''''•"t«l into R- and R, Three of the mferrndiais, vi,., ant.. .. ant., and I. post.. are of the usual pentagonal .hieid .hap<.; but r. post. R," is hexagonal resting on r. post. B, abutting by its two left sides on po^l B and x, supporting r. post. R*. abutting by its long upper right side on r. ant. Ri and u small portion of r. ant. U, «nd by Its short lower right side on the sh.,ulder of r. ant B- and r ant. R, ,« four-side,!, resting by a curved lower margin on r. ant. P, abutting on r. -.ost. Hi and ant. Hi, an.l widening up- wards to support r. ant - . Ail the superrndiuls are four-sLd, jiouid add r. ant. R., which has its lower left corner cut off where it ..buts on r. post. R». The union of each R, with its Ri is cicse, but the suture is L'tt ^'.t"- ^" r '"^ '"'^" ^''^ P'-*"'*"'^"'' «f «'''<-"y or fossili. «ation led to any dislocation of the two halves of the radial In «S"'J/"*'r'l ""'• '""y" ^''"" " " ^^'y «""»'" '^nd equable tapering from the lower part of the inferradial to the top of the Huperradial. This is most obvious in I. post ray. where it is seen to be connected with the intercalation of the anal r nes m r. ant. ray the inferradial widens upwards slightly, a ihe superradial continues at about the same width In r .t 2; K !r'f 'r "["^i^^^ "' diBtuThed by the anal plates, with which the halves of the radial alternate. In no .. i^ the base of Us less wide than the top of Ri. T L"^^^''"'^>f xf'^'^'"''^'' •" ''**'°'=""' '^ '^ith the cup (Plate I, hgs 1, 2) are 3 IBr in every ray except r. post., where there are 4, and m r. ant where a small portion of a fourth remains. I I Tu °/r ^^P^'^te fragments: one, a small piece of shale which includes some more distal brachials (Plate I fig 51 the other an isolated portion of an arm (Plate I, fig. 4).' ' 24Si3-l} TICTORIA MEUOBIAL IITTBKUM. BTTLLETTN NO. I The proximal brachials continue more markedly the tapering observed in some of the radials, the only exception being r. post. IBr,, which interlocks with the anals. The bases of the first primibrachs are as wide as the tops of the superradials, but the line of union is very clearly marked, and in the three anterior rays is emphasized by a slight dislocation, especially visible in r. ant. ray. The heights of the IBr. in 1. ant. ray are (1) 1 • 1 mm., (2) 1- 1 mm., (3) 1-0 mm. In section these proximal brachials are sub- cylindrical with a wide V-shaped ventral groove. Arms non-pinnulate, regularly dichotomous. This is shown in the isolated arm-fragment and in one of the fragments in the shale. The position of the first axillare is uncertain, but it cannot be more proximal than IBri. How many times the arms forked is unknown; but the relative size of the isolated arm-fragment shows that its axillare is not a primaxil, so that there were at least two bifurcations. Each axillare widens gently towards its distal end, and the brachials immediately succeeding it abut by their inner sides. The general character of arm-branching is that of Heterocrinus. No features can be detected on the joint-faces of any of the brachials. Cover-plates cannot be seen very clearly; but there appear to be some preserved, though somewhat pressed into the ventral groove, in the bifurcating portion of arm comprised in the shale- fragment (Plate I, fig. 5.) There are about three pairs to every two brachials. They alternate, and there seems to be a slight imbrication suggesting that their free or admedian ends are directed towards the proximal end of the arm. Anal Structures (Plate I, figs. 1, 2, 3, 5). The proximal anal plate {x) rests on the narrow top of post. B, the suture being about 1 mm. long and curved downwards. The lower right side of X rests on the upper shoulder of RA, and its upper right side abuts on r. post. R [Rs]. The left side of x bears a similar relation to the lower and upper halves of 1. post. R, but is continuous in a straight line. Above, x supports; two anal plates {rt. and It.) of which that on the right is the wider, at least so far as can be seen, and is united to it by a suture 1 ■ 2 mm. long, with a slight downward curve. Anal x, therefore, though abutting on seven plates, is to all appearance six-sided. THE TRENTON CIUNOID, 0TTAWACWNC8 Of the two plates resting on x, that on the right (r<.) abuts on the shoulder of r. post. Rj, and on almost the whole of the left side of r. post. IBr, . Above, it supports the right lower side of a large plate. On the left it abuts on the other of the two plates (Jt.) It abuts, then, on five plates and is five-sided. The fellow plate on the left («.) rests on x with a similarly curved lower margin, abuts on ri. with its side, and on two plates above with its two upper slopes. Its left side rests agamst a part of 1. post. Rs, and the whole of its ensuing brachial ; but the plate curves inwards, and the line of junction with those ossicles is quite straight, so it may be that the actual margins of the plate are covered by the 1. post. arm. Therefore, though the visible portion of the plate is five-sided, the whole may perhaps have been six-sided. Resting above ri. and It., in the angle between them, is an irregularly hexagonal plate, 1-5 mm. wide, and of about the same height. Its right side abuts on r. post. IBrj, but a very small portion of its lower corner rests on IBrj, and, if counted, would make the plate heptagonal. Al)ove, it supports two plates! and its left side abuts on a plate which may have been hexa- gonal, but of which only three sides are seen. Five more plates of the anal tube are exposed on the outer surface of the fragment associated with the cup (Plate I, figs. 1, 2.) They form part of three horizontal rows, but are irregular in size, shape, and arrangement. On the fragment comprising the cup it is not possible to see the plates that form the inner side of the tube. The shale fragment, however, contains at least three .ertical .series of plates, which probably belonged to the anal tube (Plate I, fig. 5). They are much lower and thinner than the associated brachials, and do not seem so closely united at the sutures. Their joint- faces seem to be bevelled towards the lumen of the tube, and this would have given the plates increased power of motion on one another. It appears, therefore, that the tube widened out a little distally, and that its skeleton was rather loose and flexible. The relations of the anal tube to the adjacent arms are of some importance. On the left, the tube-plates seem to bend round and inwards, so as to be quite independent of the adjoin- vicTOBU UMORur. inreitm. bitlustin no. i ing R« and brachials, the outline of which is unaffected by them. On the right, the tube-plates abut against the brachials and Rs in such a way as to affect their outline, and to present the appear- ance of a sutural union with them, at least up to IBr^, if no further. It may also be more than a coincidence that the anal tube and the r. post, arm are broken off at the same level, whereas all the other arms are broken off at another, lower, level. All these facts are of a piece with others to which I have more than once directed attention, as indicating an intimate connexion between the anal tube and the r. post, arm in In- adunata. Ornament. The surface of the cup-plates is smooth to the naked eye; but in places there is a suggestion of granulation here and on the lower brachials. The Stem is not wholly preserved, "as some pieces aggrega- ting several inches in length were lost subsequent to the collec- tion of the specimen. The aggregate length of column preserved is nearly ten inches" (W. R. Billings). Considering the small size of the cup, this length of stem, not less than 35 cm., is indeed remarkable. The stem is quinquepartite throughout, with radial sutures. The lumen is pentagonal, with radial angles; its diameter is about one-third that of the stem, being rather more than this in the proximal (Plate I, fig. 8) and distal (Plate I, fig. 7) regions, and rather less in the median region (Plate I, fig. 6). At its junction with the cup the diameter of the stem is 3-6+2-8 = 3-2 mm. A length of 5-4 mm. is still attached to the cup (Plate I, figs. 1, 2) and the diameter of the distal end of ^^. . 2-8+2-3 this IS = 2- 55 mm. Within this length are 27 colum- nals. These alternate in height with fair regularity, owing, it is probable, to the intercalation and growth of young columnals throughout this proximal region. The respective heights of high and low columnals may be estimated at 0 • 26 mm. and 0 • 13 mm. Each pentamere is slightly curved upwards, so as to accord with the re-entrant angle between the IBB; this produces a wavy appearance. Since the pentameres of the thinner columnals thin towards their edges, this arching is gradually counter cted in the more distal regions. The sutures are strongly crenelate. THE TRENTON CBINOID, OTTAWACRINC8 The fragments of the remainder of the stem show that it con- tinued to taper until it reached a mean diameter of about 2-2 mm. This was probably at a distance of about 15 mm. from the cup. After that, the stem gradually increased in diameter, until at a few millimetres above the root the mean diameter is 4-3 mm., and 4- 1 mm. immediately above the branching of the root. Near the root the stem is slightly quinquelobate, the lobes corresponding with the pentameres. The section at the broken end of the fragment attached to the cup is neither circular nor sub-circular, but clearly subpentagonal, the convexities corres- ponding with the pentameres (Plate I, fig. 8.) Just above the root the average height of a pentamere is 0- 45 mm. In a region where the mean diameter is 3 • 35, the average height of a pentamere is 0 • 58. In this region, however, the pen- tameres alternate in thickness. Even in the distal region the pentameres of one vertical section do not alternate or interlock quite evenly with those ol the ad- jacent sections, but one of the end-slopes of each pentamere is shorter than the other. In the region where the pentameres alternate in thickness, the relations of the sections are still less regular, for a thick pentamere may abut at one or both of its ends on one thin and two thick pentameres of the adjacent .sec- tion, so that its outline is 7- or 8-sided instead of 6-sided. This is shown in the enlarged figure of a suture by Billings (1887) and in our fig. 9 (Plate I). Thus the centres of adjacent pentameres come to lie at the same level, and the transition to regulan> abutting pentameres of equal size is easy. In the distal region the upper and lower joint-faces of the pentameres are marked with striffi formed of concresced granules (Plate I, fig. 7). The striae radiate towards the periphery, branching slightly as they go. The same arrangement is visible in the middle region. Nearer the cup the striae become coarser and change into distinct ridges (Plate I, fig. 6). These ridges then shorten at their adcentral ends, especially near the middle line of each pentamere, so that there is left a smooth or fail My granular area of rather indistinct petaloid shape. This area increases at the expense of the ridges as the cup is approached, and on the under joint-face of each pentamere it seems occa- !> 8 TICTORIA imiORUL MVUXni. BULLETIN NO. I sionally to swell up slightly, so as to fit into a corresponding de- pression on the upper face of the pentamere below. The Root is said by Billings to have "identically the appear- ance of the radix figured as that of Rhodocrinua aaperatuB" (Canad. Org. Rem., Decade IV, pi. i, f. 4 c-d; 1859). The following differences from that figure, however, are to be noted. The lumen is not nearly so wide. The root-branches do not appear so suddenly or decidedly. The vertical series of penta- meres are not observed to split so that half of one joins with half of another to form a rootlet. On the contrary only two divisions of the root can be seen, after prolonged preparation, and each of these is composed of two whole vertical series of pentameres. What happens to the fifth series is uncertain. The appearance is as though the distal end of the stem had been pressed so as to split it apart along two or three of the vertical sutures. The two root-branches cannot be traced to their ends, and their structure cannot be ascertained; but a broken section across one seems to show that it was tripartite, and that the lumen was relatively much smaller than that of the stem. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS. The chief alteration of view to which this renewed study has led me relates to the Radials. Mr. Billings (1887) regarded all the radials as simple, except the right posterior, which he described as compound. In "British Fossil Crinoids, 11" (April, 1890, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., p. 334 and pi. xiv) I suggested a "far simpler and equally probable" interpretation of the second plate in the r. post, ray, as homologous with the four other plates on a level with it and generally resembling it in form. That is to say, accepting the ideas of Mr. Billings as to the radials and brachials of all the other rays, I regarded the first or lowest plate of the r. post, ray as homologous with the radials, and the second plate as homolo- gous with the proximal brachials. In 1900 ("Treatise on Zoo- logy," III, Echinoderma, p. 178) I repeated the analysis origin- ally based on that of Mr. Billings, as well as the above suggestion; but, having by then had the privilege of seeing the holotype, I was a little mure cautious. Now, as in 1890, 1 consider that the first and second plates of the r. post, ray are homologous with the plates corresponding . THB TBENTON CRINOID, OTTAWACMNUS 9 to them m position in the four other rays. But in each ray those plates now seem to me to be the upper and lower half of a com- pound radial (R, and Rt). This view is based on facts which were not fully apparent before the specimen itself was cleaned and examined. First, the upper plates are quite as wide as the lower at the line of junction. Secondly, the union of the two plates along the suture just mentioned seems to be closer than the union along the suture immediately succeeding. In these respects the right-hand of Mr. Billings' two drawings of the crown and my own previous analysis convey a false impression. Ihirdly, the upward tapering of the plates here regarded as IBr, IS m most rays more rapid than that affecting the plates regarded as Rs and Rt. If, then, the present interpretation be correct, the two proxi- mal elements of r. post, ray are, as in so many allied genera, the Radial proper (derived from R«) and the Radianal (derived from ,, "u ? peculiarity of the interpretation lies in the view that all the other radiais are horizontally bisected. The interpretation of the radiais here adopted has an important bearing on crinoid morphology. In 1900 ("Treatise on Zoology," in, Echinoderma, p. 112) I quoted Oitawacrinus as a Dicyclic genus m which some of the radiais had been shifted so as to lie almost vertically above the basals; and I continued: "The suggestion then is that the inferradials and basals of Monocyclica represent basals and infrabasals respectively of Dicyclica. If then the Rs and the Ri fuse, a truly monocyclic type is produced with one circlet of BB and one of RR. One obvious objection to this theory is the presence in many Dicyclica of a plate (the radianal, RA), which is now generally regarded as a slightly modified mferradial." In putting forward that hypothesis as a possibility, I had in mind evidence other than Oitawacrinus, long since submitted to me by a foreign colleague, but not yet pub- lished by him. Now, so far as Oitawacrinus is concerned, it not merely ceases to be evidence for the hypothesis, but becomes the strongest evidence against it. If it be the case that inferradials coexist in this genus with basals and infrabasals, it is obvious that they cannot be homologous with basals. It has been suggested to me that Oitawacrinus may have some connexion with the Flexibilia Impinnata. The somewhat close lateral abutment of the proximal brachials as well as of the 10 VICTORIA milOKIAL UUBEUM. BUUJETIN NO. I brachials immediately succeeding an axillare (Plate I, fig. 4) lends some colour to this sugKestion. On the other hand such arm-structure is quite common among Dicyclica Inadunata. The sutures between the brachials of Ottawaerinua are not curved as they so generally are in the Flexibilia. Further, its anal tube is far more reminiscent of the Inadunata, especially of the so- illed Fistulata, than of any member of the Flexibilia. The stem is like that of many other Inadunata, and has no persisten.; proxi- male. On this last feature, however, no stress should be laid, for a proximale is, I understand, no longer regarded as diagnostic of Flexibilia by the survivor of the two authorities who had pre- viously maintained it. It is a matter on which I was always sceptical (see Geol. Mag., July, 1898, p. 324). There is in Ottawa- erinua a slight widening of the stem towards the cup, but, since this amounts to no more than 0 • 7 mm. in a diameter of 3 • 2 mm. and in a length of 5-4 mm., it is scarcely enough to constitute a proximal cone such as is so common in Flexibilia. Turning to the cup we observe no structures that may not be as readily paralleled in Dicyclica Inadunata as in Flexibilia; indeed, more so, for the presence of five distinct infrabasals is quite foreign to the Flexibilia. On the whole, then, there appear no good grounds for associa- ting Ottawaerinua with the Flexibilia, although it would be diffi- cult to deny that the early Flexibilia may possibly have originated from Ottawaerinua and allied genera. It is not easy to draw a line between the Flexibilia Impinnata and the Dicyclica Inadun- ata. But apart from that speculation, neither the new interpre- tation suggested in the present paper nor the additional facts brought to light involve any change in the systematic position of Ottawaerinua. Indeed, the view taken in the "Treatise on Zoology" (p. 178) is confirmed by the discovery of the arm- dichotomy and the structure of the anal tube. Retaining the Order Dicyclica Inadunata, Sub-Order Dendrocrinoidea, and Family Dendrocrinidae, as defined in that book, we may give the following: — Diagnoaia of Ottawaerinua. — A Dendrocrinid with 5 IBB; with all RR transversely bisected, with r. post, and r. ant. Ri resting directly on the corresponding BE; with anal x resting directly on post. B, and supporting two tube-plates. Canada Geological Survey Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 11. — Note on Merocrinua Walcott. By F. A. Bather, D.Sc, F.R.S., British Museum (Nat. Hist.) (Published by permlMion ot the Trustees ol the British Museum.) Perhaps the interpretation of Ottawacrinua proposed in the preceding paper may be extended to the allied genus Merocrinua and its Monocyclic isomorph locrinus. I have always been dissatisfied with the usual interpretation of those genera. If in them the gabled plate supporting the anal tube be not a brachial (and few have been found to admit this as a possible inter- pretation), then it must be the superradial; but this makes the r. post, R very dififerent from all the other radials, and in quite an unusual way. If, however, the elements in the four other rays, usually regarded as IBr,, were really Rs, then all the radials would have the same composition, just as they have in OUawacrinus. It would then no longer be said (as in" Treaties on Zoology, Eehinoderma," p. 179) "These two genera [Mero- crinus and Ottawacrinus] suggest that RA of Dicyclica may not be strictly homologous with RA of Monocyclica." The interpretation here suggested would result in the fol- lowing— Diagnosis of Merocrinus Walcott.— A Dendrocrinid with 5 IBB; with RR transversely bisected, and all Ri equal in size and shape and alternating with BB; with anal x resting on the left shoulder of r. post. B.s, and supporting a median series of plates. 11 13 Ticroau lOMOiuAL ursiuM. Bumenx no. i This may be compared with the diagram given in the "Treatise on Zoology," vol. Ill (1900) on p. 178. I regret to find that, on the page ia question, the diagram of Merocrinxu has been interchanged with that ot Dendrocrinus. It must, however, be admitted that there are difficulties in thiR new interpretation. One species at least of Merocrinus (M. aalopia Bather') shows considerable differences between the first and second plates of the radial series, leading one to regard them as radials and brachials rather than as inferradials wid superradials. Perhaps there is not so fundamental a dis- tinction between radials and brachials as P. H. Carpenter believed. The originals of the specimens described in my paper on Merocrinua aalopice (loc. cit.) have now come into the British Museum, with the rest of the G. H. Morton collection. The holotj'pe of Merocrinua aalopice is registered E 14938, and the undetermined crinoid represented in fig. B of that paper is registered E 14939. In the same paper, at the foot of p. 73, Merocrinua curtua (Ulrich) was said to have simple armlets. That was the natural interpretation of the phrase used in Ulrich's description (1879) ; but the species probably has regularly dichotomous simple arms like all others of the genus. NOTE ADDED JULY 24, 1912.— These two papers wore written in the spring of 1910, and the manuscript sent to Ottawa on July 15 of that year. On June 6, 1911, I received from Mr. Frank Springer a copy of his memoir "On a Trenton Echin- oderm Fauna at Kirkfield, Ontario," issued by the Geological Survey, Can.ida, as "Memoir No. 15-P," and bearing the date 1911. Mr. Springer's "Letter of Transmittal" was dated June 28, 1910. That memoir contains an account, with beauti- ful drawings, of three specimens referred to Ottawacrinua typua and three referred to a new species, O. billingsi. Had I been aware of Mr. Springer's work, it is probable that the presen' papers would never have been written. Even after they were written and the drawings prepared, I should have sought to withdraw them from publication had I anticipated this delay of more than two years. Further, the differences between my account and that of Mr. Springer, based on far 'Feb. 1896, Gool. Ma«., dee. 4, vol. 3, p. 71. won OK MKROCniNTfl WALCOTT U richer and better material, might well have led to the complete rehandling of my description and speculatiors. It has, however, seemed advisable to print thf papers precisely as the manuscript left my hands. There will .liways bo some value in the exact description cf a type-sped r.. en. Moreover the divergencies between our two accounts seem to require some explanation other than the better preservation of Mr. Springer's material. The chief of them are the following. The arm-branching is described by Mr. Springer as heter- otomous. This is dearly the cast, in his fig. 5, but it is not quite so obvious in his fig. 6. Fragment s from the laUer specimen might have appeared as regulariy ciichotomous as the fragments before me. Therefore I am prepared to admit that th«re may have been slight heterotomy in the holotype. In 0. bUlingai the heterotomy is strongly marked, and, as Mr. Springer savs. quite peculiar. " The ventral sac, " writes Mr. Springer, " is composed through- out of irrogulariy hexagonal pieces without any longitudinal arrangement." This statement agrees with his fig. 6 but does not appear to be con.sistent with hia fig. 7, which in this respect IS closer to the holotype. It is indeed quite inconcdvable that the holotype can have had a ventral sac like that shown in Mr. Springer's fig. 6. The fragment shown in my fig. ' may be open to some slight doubt, but its stijcture is consistent with that of the main specimen (Plate I, fig. 1) and is quite different from that described by Mr. Springer. Finally, Mr. Springer lays stress on the presence of "disitinct plates in the axils between the rays. This is not entirely constant in O. typus, but is observable in the majority of the specimens." Such a plate is shown in his fig. 5. In the holotype, at any rate, there are no such plates, and the arms are so closely fitted in the proximal region that one finds it diflScult to imagine the appearance of any intcrbrachials, except, of course, in the anal mterradius. So much for the differences of description. But examination of Mr. Springer's admirable figures brings to light other differ- ences. Thus the proximal region of the stem has not the curious wavy structure indicated in my figures 1 and 2. Similarly the infrabasals have a pentagonal and not a hexagonal outline. The cup seems to widen upwards more rapidly than in the holotype, and to have more swollen plates. The axillaries are drawn as Plough relatively larger and more nodose than in the holotype. The stem of 0. typush not described by Mr. Springer, but that of O. billingai, which he seems to regard as similar, differs in many respects from that of 0. typus holotype. AH these differences lead to the conclusion that the specimens referred by Mr. Springer to 0. typus really belong to a new spec'es. •'I l> ,iQ I M VICTOMA mnoUAL MCMnM. BCLUTIN KO. •nd I much regret that I should hsve been the cause of hia not "w?* *J** holotype at hand for comparison. Whether hu two species belong to OUawacrinua at all is a Ques- tion that might be raised. If ttey do, then my prn^t iK pretation of that genus wHl not hold. But more'^^S any of Ki? fhT^^*lf f ^^''^''''ti" the relation of the arms to the cS" Inn nf ♦Kn Ji ? '*u*rT/'*^ ^^f" Structures clearly falls at the lK?«Li^^P'''*" '''"''h Mr Springer caUs radials, tut which In the present paper are termed inferradials. worth Jfhfi" '^"* *•"* ?"'!^** "'^ **"«* '°">"t'» 0' description ^^^2J 7« K- ^»^f *«.»» OUawacrinua a form, or a series of -IfL ?.!«^'°* "! *■''** "»u*^» ".""«' Inadunate Crinoid« there 7^ K '"?d'*"«'»t«'' morphological distinction between radials and brachials and that the horizontal suture between suTr' t^^%t°„'*"^"™^jf^?'''^°^*'^«'^'°« ""t"" <" the joint bs- ir^^^ K ""Pe^adial and the proximal brachial? This con- «n? iS?f however revolutionar>' it may sound, would be consist- ent with that view; as to the origin of Crinoid brachia to which in"Sn'^o^o^^'*"^X ^^ ^y^oti* (1900 "Treatise on Z«,C'' hiW/ ' 1 ^' ""^ '° connexion with a species of that genus I hope before long to revert to it. If ExthAMATtOtl OW PUTI I. OUawacrintu typu$. •^-i: TtM «owi from th* right M* TVaMwmtriNiitlMMtiM*. XldillS! Xldlua. AMly^ofthanq.. xYSHin.' fMMhbnMltM M* nuMtlir X«diua. Joiat4M«of» 6. „,„„ 7. JktiaUMBof Dimwa by O. T. OwUUmii. F.R.A J. I 41 jind t mM'~h .1 ITiU]^ «0 HOITAMAJUa ■oiti* iibh •>ib moil nwon tilT .•ibii not ih(i .'natt awMs mIT .ou . t y .■ukb C X . iiiWb S X .quo sjiJ Id MicJaaA .maibtX .fwlliMaaaniwnrfa.iiMnsiit-anaM^ilMl ■o ima '>ii<|h ■»!»» ao Jaili .«>«» i»«iio Mi (iii>irn«M li iM adi ^1 ana tlrfl fll .«v«»n laitanv »jf » el Mtatq-yiliaviin )ii iw.«n ma amb adai Uaa »rfl Vi Mtalq -.HT . Ywillu li b«i wwol «|j mini UidMnJ rfJuwJ ,i«wi4« baai<-im qui sdl ta luW ;»i3al 'Mlubiffl arf) laoda mini in«** aiii lo aoitioq a k> w«iv-4bi8 .« .maibdX .MWinataaq adi lo laoUaln aai»nQ .8.A.fl.1 .oiaillhrO .T .O td awaiQ .» » .8 '• VioKMl* MntoaiAi McwcM Bduhim No. 1 16 Pun I -4 Canada Geological Survey Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 lU.—The Occurrence of Helodont Teeth at Roche Miette and Vicinity, Alberta. By La WHENCE M. Lambe. With the invertebrate fossils collected during the past summer by Mr. D. B. Bowling, of the Geological Survey, and his party, from the limestone bed at the summit of Roche Miette, Alberta, IS a small, detached fish tooth which is of interest. rtoche Miette is a noted landmark near Jasper lake, Atha- baska river, in the second range of the Rocky mountains, 30 miles northeast of Yellowhead pass. The Grand Trunk Pacific railway passing to the north and west, touches the foot of this mountain, which rises to a height of about 7,700 feet above sea-level. Other small collections of invertebrate fossils were made by Mr. Dowling at a number of points on the north side of Athabaska river, in a general direction to the north of Roche Miette. One of these includes a second fish tooth which, with the Roche Miette specimen, form the subject of the following remarks. This other locality from which a fish tooth was obtained is on the eastern face of Bullrush mountam, near a small waterfall on a stream which runs through a deep ravine to Brul6 lake. The fall is less than a mile from the lake, and is between 5 and 6 miles from Roche Miette. According to Mr. Dowling the section studied by him in this area mcludes the lower part of the Cretaceous as its upper ember, beneath which is a conformable series of limestones 18 VICTOaiA MXUORIAL UUSEUM. BULLETIN NO. I and shales of Jurassic, Triassic, Permian, Carboniferous, and Devonian age. Beneath this again are beds not as yet definitely determined as regards age, terminating below in a band of yellow sandstone and shale assigned to the middle Cambrian. The total thickness of the beds approximates 13,000 feet. The accompanying cut illustrates Mr. Dowling's present views regarding the succession of the members of this section, the asteripks indicating the two localities at which the fish remains occurred. Wist East Fio. I.— Diagrammatic section through Roche Mictte and Bullnish mountain. The specimen from Roche Miette is a small, detached, anterior tooth referall: to the genus Hclodus, Agassiz, of the selachian family Cochliodontidse. The specimen was embedded in bluish grey limestone holding many fragments of crinoid stems. It is transversely elongated and arched, and appears to be somewhat worn (Plate II, figs. 1, 2, and 3.) The crown rises gradually to a well-defined rounded central prominence. On the side slopes the surface is rounded with a slight indication of angulation. On each side of the central prominence, midway between it and the lateral ends of the crown, and in the line of the angulation, is a faint elevation which might be more pro- nounced in an unworn tooth. One half of the crown is narrower than the o*' r. The root in this specimen is broken off, but enough of its base remains in the concave lower surface to indicate that it was antero-posteriorly compressed and that its breadth about equalled that of the crown. The upper surface of the tooth is smooth and exhibits minute punctae crossing the crown obliquely in moderately well-defined rows. There are about six p inctse in a space of 1 mm. in a row, and the rows themselves are a like distance apart. The long diameter of the tooth is 12-7 mm., at right angles to which it measures 4 6 mm. The maximum height of the crown beneath the central tubercle is 4 mm. RBIAOONT TXKTB AT BOCBB MIBTra, ALBBKTA Iff Helodus is an upper Devonian, Subcarboniferous, and Carbon- iferous genua, to which has been referred a number of detached, anterior teeth which have been given provisional specific names and which are generally regarded as belonging to Cocliliodont sharks. It first appears, on this side of the Atlantic, in the Chemung (upper Devonian) of Pennsylvania, but is better known from over a dozen species from the Subcarboniferous of the central States (Iowa, Indiana, etc.) and is dparingly repre- sented in the Coal Measures of Illinois. The genus was origin- ally described from thr Carboniferous of Great Britain, where the limestone series and the Coal Measures have furnished material for a number of species. The Roche Miette specimen differs in form from hitherto described teeth referred to the genus Helodus. It distantly resembles H. gibbendua, Agassiz, from the Carboniferous lime- stone of Britain, a species which is recognized as having a Df ono-Carboniferous range in the United States. Tl^ genus is new to Canada. In the Roche Miette tooth there are incipient lateral cones; in H. gibberxdua these are highly developed. Small, polished, pitted teeth with a subsidiary tubercle on either side of a tumid, subconical, central dome, stated by Newberry* to be indistinguishable from H. gibberulus of the British Isles, occur in the Chemung and Waverly of Pennsylvania and in the Mountain Limestones of Illinois and Indiana As the fish tooth from the summit of Roche Miette is appar- ently not referable to any described species of the genus to which it is considered to belong, and as this genus ranges from the Chemung up into the Coal Measures, there is no evidence supplied by the fish tooth in question as to the exact age of the rocks at the summit of Roche Miette, whether they a; e ■ pper- most Devonian or belong to a higher horizon. The inverte- brate fossils, however, which occurred with the fish tooth, have been studied by Dr. Percy Raymond of this Survey, who pro- nounces them to have a general upper Devonian aspect. This opinion, as to the age of the beds, is concurred in by Mr. Dowling on stratigraphical grounds. GJo^?c\l^si?^y!°im " °' ^""^ '*'°'"°'' '^°'- ^^''* Mo-oP'Ptsofthe U.S. ri TICTORI.' MmOBUL MUBBOlf. BUUXTIN NO. I Mr. James McEvoy had previously, in 1898, collected a few invertebrate fossils from the same limestone beds, to which he assigned a Devonian age, relying on the determinations of Dr. J. F. Whiteaves'. The invertebrate fossils from Bullrush mountain near the waterfall are also, according to Dr. Raymond, indicative of an upper Devonian rather than a Carboniferous horizon. For the fish tooth from Roche Miette the specific name subtyberatus is here proposed, the term having reference to the very small and inconspicuous swelling observed on either side of the central prominence of the crown The second specimen to which reference has been made consists of a portion of a fish tooth labelled "Fall, north side of Athabaska river, Brul6 lake, D. B. Dowling, 1911." The position of this locality has already been explained. The specimen is preserved in a piece of limestone similar to that of Roche Miette, and also holding numerous remains of crinoid rings in a like state of preservation. This specimen (Plate II, fig. 4) is incomplete and formed part of a pavement tooth. The portion preserved is flat and four- sided with two rounded angles, one of the sides being the irregular line of fracture; it measures 9 mm. in length and breadth, with a maximum thickness where broken of less than 1 mm. The upper surface is smooth and polished, and, as in the Roche Miette tooth, minute nunctse or pores are present and similarly disposed. At the unbroken end the bony base projects beyond the m- .,ji cf the upper polished surface as shown in the figure, .quair has shown that in the Cochliodont sharks there is o, great variation, in both shape and size in individual teeth in a connected series, according to location. It is probable, therefore, that the tooth from the eastern slope of Bullrush mountain may belong to the same species as the one represented by the Roche Miette specimen. •Sec Mr. HcEvoy's "Aeport on the Geology and Natural Resources of the country traversed by the Yellow Head Pass .-oute," Annual Report, Geoloaical Survey, Canada, Vol. XI, p. 29 D. I 21 EXFLANATION 0¥ PlaTE II. Type, Cat. No. 7784. ^ h J?"*" "* ^'^ nhMtratui, viewed from above. '* 3. The nme; ude view. '^ 3. Theaame; aide view. aW°'cS^NSr7m*'"^ ""^"^ *° ff..«6<«6«»««., viewed from AU the flgvM ia tUi pUta are en'arged two diameters. M X IC a) »".l ItJa^A WKSIOit'A. v! Mr. jAm«« Mt!Evi>y ha.1 r».. . I.V. I 'IB Butlrush ficli he =*tin the outside, and in the groove formed by the undercut on the inside. They were probably movable. These plates were observed by Billings, and figured, although inaccurately. The large plates of the sub-marginal ring are not set firmly agamst each other, but have a space between, and this space en- larges from the middle towards both upper and lower surfaces. The sides of the plates are vertically striated, as is shown in Bilhngs', Hall's, and MUler's figures, and, as has already been suggested, these striations indicate cartilaginous or muscular attachments between the plates, giving considerable flexibility to the ring. The specimen now being described preserves a few of the plates of the lower side, seen from the inside, showing their form and loose arrangement, but pre,sent8 no other detail of the disk. mtWt ON CTClOGTirTOIDU m J\ J'. "P*<'"n«'n which retainM a portion of platH tube which Baiter and Billing^ thouKht misht be connected with the CyHocytlmde,. From it» ^ .iition it would be eaay to argue that It did, but no connexion can actually \,e leen (the tu»)e probably run. under the Cyeloeyttoide,), and the economy of the animal does not demand Huch a tube. second good specimen, referred to this specieii, wem collected by Mr. W. A. Johniiton from the crinoid bed« at KirkHeld, Ont. ThiH H,K.cimen is oval in outline, 11 mm. in greater and 8| mm. in IcMer diameter, and has 30 plates in the su^uiurginal ring. Ihe dwk, except for a small fractured portion, is covered with small close-fitting plates, which cover the whole surface and are not full of pores as on the lower side. There does not appear to be any openmg on this surface of the disk, except where plates are accidentally missing. The disk is marked by bifurcating ridges which radiate from the centre. Upon anolysis, it \h .een that there are one or two ridges in front of each of the sul>. marginal plates, and that each two adjacent ridges quickly unite to form a single ridge. Two of the ridges thus formed unite :-j^ Fin. 2. Dia«ram of Ci,cloeytoH,„. CollecteJ l>y W. A. Johnston. a little nearer the centre and are joined quite close to the centre by another long ridge formed from four shorter ones. Thus, there are five main ridges, each of which is subdivided so that it sends branches to six plates. This is shown in the accompany- ing camera-lucida drawing (fig. 2). These ridges probably cover ducts which lead from the plate to the centre, and the inference might be that through them, food, in water, was carried from « TICTOKIA MKUOBUL MUBBim. BtJUXIlN NO. 1 the series of collecting basins in the outer circular canal to the mouth, which would be central and beneath the plates of the A specimen in Mr. Narraway's collection is of especial interest because it shows the opposite side of the animal. It is a small specimen, and probably immature (see fig. 3). The plates have a somewhat different ornamentation from those of Cyclocya- taidea halli, but there is no positive evidence that it does not belong to that species. The specimen is 7 mm. in greatest diameter, and the sub-marginal ring is composed of 19 heavy wedge-shaped plates of variable size. Most of the plates are about one-half longer than wide. The sub-pentagonal form is due to the fact that five of the plates, separated by groups of from 2 to 4 plates, are stronger than the others. Each of these stronger plates appears to be directly facing one of the central small plates surrounding the central opening. Between the 19 strong plates of the sub-marginal ring are grooves, covered by narrow, convex, smooth plates, or more probably, by secon- dary deposits of calcite. The large plates are covered with small pits, between which are rounded, inosculating ridges The correspondmg plates in C. halli are ornamented with large Fig. 3. Disgrara of Ctcloci/sloidet. From Narraway collection. tubercles. Within the sub-marginal ring is a sub-circular area 4 mm. m diameter, in the centre of which is a minu e opening, surrounded by an elevated ring of 5 plates. This may be an anal opemng. The remainder of the disk is covered by small plates which seem to be arranged in a somewhat radial fashion with larger plates towards the centre and very sniall ones at the' outer margm. Adjoining the sub-marginal ring, there seem NOTES ON CTCLOCTSTOIOEB 29 Th«/ n r*i' P'**'' "" ^'■°°* °^ ^^'^^ sub-marginal plate. These small plates do not make a solid covering, but have large pores between them. Around the small mound which resembles an anal pyramid, there are five small, deep depressions, which may indicate the n ,,n trunks of the sinuses which extend be- neath the interiiucr.i. ds h.if been described The great le- sj.h of the platp. , ,f the sub-marginal ring on this side serves to ,M r.guish the l^wer from the upper side of the animal. This specimen was collccf^d by Mr. J. E. Narraway, at the ^th!''Son*"^' ""''' ^"'■' ^"^ '' ^'""^ *^' Prasopora zone CYCLOCY8TOIDE8 HURONENSia, BlLLINQS. Palaeozoic Fossils Plate III, fig 2, Cychcystoidea huronensis, Billings, 1865 of Canadp Vol. I, p. 393, fig. 369. This species was briefly described and very inadequately figured by Billings. The specimen is a large one, considerably weathered, and is of interest as showing well the relation of the radial ndges of the dorsal side to the plates of the sub-marginal ring. Specifically, it is easily distinguished by the great number of small plates, about 60, in the sub-marginal ring, and its large size (35 mm. in diameter). The sub-marginal plates differ from those of C. halli, in that some of them have only one, instead of two, spoon-shaped de- pressions on the outer half. Each plate has a narrow ridge leading to it, and these ridges unite as the centre is approached but the system can not be made out as clearly as in the specimen of C. halh from Kirkfield. They evidently unite in some such manner, as only 5 branches reach the centre. At one point on the outside of the sub-marginal ring, the plates of the vertical series bounding the outer wall of the circular canal can be seen where they have fallen outward. Outside of them, there is a narrow baiid which has somewhat the appearance of being made up of imbricating plates. This is the "shagreen" border of Hall s description, and suggests the outer border of Agelacrinites biUingn. Just what its relation to the animal was is not evident i! 30 victoru memorial mhsextm. bulletin no. Summary. From the above descriptions, it appears that Cyclocystoidea was a free and not a fixed or parasitic animal; that it consisted of a circle of strong wedge-shaped plates, the outer portions of which are excavated, so as to form a ring of spoon-shaped basins all around the animal; that this ring of basins was bounded on the outside by vertical, curved plates, and roofed by small alternating, interlocking plates; and that the portion inside the ring was covered on one side by loosely arranged, irregular plates, while the other side was entirely covered with closely-fitting plates. The side with the small plates appears to have an aperture at the centre, while there is none on the opposite side. Outs.de the nng of strong plates there appears to be a border which IS only partially calcified. The figure and description of C. salteri by Hall are incorrect m that he considered the spoon-shaped depressions to he on a separate series of plates, and he did not recognize the character of the vertical outer plates of the covering series. The restored figure given by Bather adds to these the mistake of placing the larger plates on the lower instead of the upper side. Interpretation. Throughout this paper, the writer has followed the usual habit of regarding this as an animal, complete in itself. Viewed from L ^^ti^"'''*' '^^ ^°"°^°8 interpretation of the structures The animal was a free Cystidean or Edrioasteroid, with a strong but flexible ring of plates, within which was a body portion with a fairly rigid roofing of plates on one side and a partially calcified membrane on the other. The mouth is sub-tegmmal^ and the food was brought to it from the outer canal through arched channels, the outer canal collecting food from the water through the movable roofing plates. The anus is .situated directly beneath the mouth, in the centre of the more mem- braneous side. The partially calcified ring outside the main ring of plates, might serve either as an organ for temporary fixation, or, possibly, in swimming. The objections to this interpretation, although not insur- mountable, are obvious and great. In the first place, no echino- K0TB8 ON CTCtOCTSTOIDBS 31 derm >s known in which the food groove is not radial, instead of circu ir and does not lead directly to the mouth. In the second place, there does not seem to be any aperture for the discharge of the great amount of water which would be drawn into the body for, were it discharged through the anal opening, there would be no opportunity for digestion. It is possible that a more complete specimen than has yet been found would explain this objection, so that it has not as much weight as the first one. A second interpretation is, however, possible The organi.sm may be the highly specialized root of a free crinoid. At the centre of the disk of the specimen from Kirkfield, there is just the suggestion of a scar, as if a small stem might have been attached. There are many crinoid roots which show a method of bifurcation somewhat similar to the ridges shown on this and other specimens, and Lichenocrinus, at least, shows a root which IS plated and which further has radial canals beneath the surface Interpreted thus, Cyclocystoidea would have been a sort of sucker-disk which, being flexible on the lower side, and having a flexible apron around it, could, by the expulsion and ingestion of water, make a partial vacuum, and thus attach or loosen Itself at will. The so-called anal opening would then become an orifice for the expulsion of water. It is even possible, if one IS sufiiciently imaginative, to think of this disk as a swimming organ, the method of propulsion being on the same principle as m some of *^'. cephalopods. 3.^ JN BiBLIOGRAPHT. Bather, F. A. Treatise on Zoology. Edited by E. Ray Lankester. Echinodermata, p. 210, fig. VIII 1900 Billings E., and Salter, J. W. Canadian Organic Remains, Decade III, p. 86, 1858. ' Billings, E. Palaeozoic Fossils of Canada, Vol. I, p. 393 fig 369 V I TV ' ?^t ''*'"™''' Cincinnati Society of Natural History,' Vol. IX, 1886, p. 17, PI. I, fig. 1. ^' Hall, Jame» Foster and Whitney's Report on the Lake Superior Lai ^.strict, 1852, p. 209, PI. XXV, fig 4 a-c Hall, James. 24th Report New York State Museum Natural History. 1866, p. 218, PI. VI, fig. 16. 82 TicTOBu MuioBui, inrsiiuii. Btntmro no. MUler S. A., and Dyer, C. B. Journal Cmcinnati Society Natural History, Vol. I, p. 32, PI. II, figs. ^ voL;v:p^otpi.Mg™2,S!''''"**' ''"'*" ''**"*' ^'^^^'^^ Miller, S. A., and Gurley, Bulletin No. 6, lUinoifl State Canada Geological Survey Yictoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 v.— Notes on Some New and Old Trilobites in the Victoria Memorial Museum. By Perct E. Raymond. Genus Eohabpes, Raymond. EOHARPES DBNTONI, (Billings). Plate III, fig. 5. Harpes dentoni, Billings, 1863. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, Vol. VIII, p. 36, fig. - 1865. Palaozoic Fossils Canada, Vol. I, p. 183, fig. 166. • This species was described by Billings from an incomplete cranidium. There is, however, in the collection, a complete but rather poorly preserved specimen of the same species which was collected by a late Director of the Survey, Dr. A. R. C. Selwyn, in 1880. This is the only entire specimen of an American Harpes of which the writer has knowledge. There do not appear to be more than about 18 segments in the thorax, and possibly only 16, but the specimen is rather obscure in this region, and it is not possible to tell where the pygidium begins. The genal spines are narrow, and so long as to extend slightly beyond the pygidium. They are much longer and the brim is narrower than in Eoharpes oUawaenesis (see Plate III, fig. 6). In front of the glabella, the brim of E. dentoni is narrow, deeply concave, and the anterior rim IS curved upward, while in E. ottawaensis the brim at the If 1^ 34 VieroWA MEMOMAL IIDBEUM. BULLBTIN NO. front is wide and nearly flat. On the glabella, the pair of in both species than is indicated in the original figures I«htuT° rfr™''' °^ *•*" ^P""^" '^'^ f«"°d on a tablet, labelled as DalmaniUs bebryx. This shows the pygidium and to say how much ,s pygidium. Barrande states that there are fm^^f TK'!*?f*' '" *^' Py«^'*'"'° °f ^«-P««. '^nd this fragment exhibits 15 segments in all. It is from a much larger wheTcomnM Tr ^""^'^^^ '^ °^- «^'->^°' and evide^ bevnnd t^ -5 °?°™ ''«°''°*'- 'T^'' Kenal spines extend beyond the pygidium in this specimen also «„H°^''"7J~:^"*''*' ^°*''""- ^^^^^ 'eads "Ottawa River," Trenton °™' P^^^^^ably from the Cystid zone of the Genus Bumastcs, Murchison. BuMASTUs BILLING8I, Raymond and Narraway. Plate III, fig. 12. Bumastus hillingsi, Raymond and Narraway, 1908. Annals Carnegie Museum, Vol. IV. p. 250. PI. LXI, figs. 1, 2 .jL\'°'ir"r °^ ^r"'' '°'°' '^^ ^^^'^ ""'•J^^- ''^««°tly pre- sented to the Survey by Sir James Grant, is a large and faWy complete specimen of this species. It shows very weU a character not noticed in the originalJescription, namely, the shortening of the pleura of the anterior thoracic segments On !f.H .K ^r'.K^."'""*'' *^^ °"*"' ™**« °f the pleura are trunc- ated, the first being the shortest, and each of the others slightly on^er unt. the fifth segment, which is normal, is reached. The truncated pleura are somewhat broader than the others, and more convex. ' iJ^^ ^fvf 'l^""''" r "°* P'-'^^^'-ved in this specimen, nor were they in the types, but from the shortening of the pleura of the thoracic segments, it would appear that the genal angles were extended, as in Bumastus limbatus of the Chazy, into spines which^ reached at least as far back as the fifth se^ent of the at olXo^t™^ ^^"'"^'^ '^ ^°- '''' ^'^^ '^ ^-- *^^ T-ton TRILOBITM IN VICTOBM MBMORIAL IIDSECM as Genus Holasaphus, Matthew. holasaphus hoorei, 8p. nov. Plate III, figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11. The genus Holasaphus was proposed by Dr. Matthew' to include a .species with an asaphid-like pygidium which bore a S"",!r'*iuP"'^' "^^ '"'*'' * cranidium much like Baihyurellus. Dr. Matthew seems to place it in the Asaphidaj, but the w.iter hesitates to do so, at least until more perfect specimens are obtair-d. The discovery of a new species belonging to chis genus, at a very different locality and horizon, is of consider- able interest. The present species is represented by four or five more or less perfect pygidia, a portion of one cranidium, and two tree cheeks. An associated hypostoma probably belongs with this material. Description. Glabella very low, oval in outline, surrounded by faint dorsal furrows There are faint traces of two pairs of glabellar fur- rows Neck ring wide, smooth, neck furrow narrow, shallow Eye large situated far back; fixed cheek narrow, grooved by the neck furrow. Facial suture curves outward from the eye to the anterior margin. Free cheek rather wide, low, with a shghtly elevated border. The genal angle bears a spine which diverges widely from the axial line of the body. Thorax unknown. Pygidium convex, with a strongly convex axial lobe which rises high above the side lobes. The posterior end of the py- gidium bears a short, sharp spine, which is an extension of the margin and not of the axial lobe The pleural lobes have four pairs of ribs and the axial lobe four rings. There is a wide depressed but hardly concave border which is faintly marked by the ribs The surface of the test is roughened by numerous nne, irregular impressed lines. The associated hypostoma is one which strongly resembles the hypostoma of Megalaspis, and furnishes an argument in favour of admitting this genus to the family Asaphids. The body portion is strongly convex, and it is slightly constricted 'TraniMction. Eoyal Society Canada, 3rd seri™, Vol. I, p. 268. <<. '*0» m VICIOUA imiOUAL musbuii. buixstin no. I by two faint depressions at the posterior end. The border around the body portion is narrow, concave, and there are narrow extensions at the sides. Measurementa. — The best pygidium, which may be taken as the holotype of the species, is 10 mm. long, and 11 mm. wide. Of this length, 2-5 mm. is due to the projection of the spine at the posterior end. A larger pygidium is 14 mm. wide, and, without the spine, 0-5 mm. long. The hypostoma is 7 mm. long and 6 mm. wide. This species differs from Holasaphtu centropyge, Matthew, in having the eye much farther back on the head, a longer and narrower fixed cheek, and a more divergent spine on the free cheek. The pygidium of our species has four distinct rings on the axial lobe, and that of Matthew's species only three. Locality. — Specimens of this species seem to be fairly common in an old quarry in the lower part of the Beauhamois formation, (Beekmantown), near the Canadian Pacific Railway station at St. Anne de Bellevue, Island of Montreal, Que., where the first specimen was found by Mr. E. J. Whittaker. The name is given in allusion to the writing of the Canadian Boating Song by Tom Moore while staying at a house not far from this quarry. Genus PsEUDOSPHiCRExocHus, Schmidt. PsEUDOSPHiEREXOCHUS APOLLO, (Billings). Plate IV, figs. 1 and 2. Cheirurus apollo, Billings, 1860. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, Vol. V, p. 322, fig. 28.— Palaeozoic Fossils of Canada, Vol. II, p. 413, fig. 397, 1865. Amphion cayleyi, Billings, 1863. Geology of Canada, p. 239, fig. 277.— Palaeozoic Fossils of Canada, Vol. I, p. 413, fig. 398. "Cheirurus" apollo was described by Billings from an im- perfect cranidium found at Point Levis. The collection con- tains a metal cast which is probably a replica of the type. On the same page of the 'Palaeozoic Fossils" is the figure of a pygidium, which in the Geology of Canada, 1863, p. 239, was called Amphiori cayleyi. Billings states, however, that this raiu>Bm8 IN vicTOHU mbmomal mcsisfm 37 pygidium may belong to a species of "Cheirurua," perhaps to C. apoUo, and this prediction seems to be verified by a couple of specimens collected at Point Levis in 1809 by the late T. C. Weston. One of these specimens is a cranidium of P. apolh with 12 thoracic segments, and the other is a large pygidium of Ampkion caleyi. The anterior portion of the pygidium is so exactly similar to the thoracic segments of the PaewiQap}uyex- ochua as to leave no doubt that the two belong to the same species, though not to the same specimen. Description. Animal elongate oval, spinose, with prominent axial lobes. Cephalon semi-circular, dominated by the glabella, which is large and prominent, while the cheeks art -jmall and depressed. Eyes small, well forward, opposite the second pair of glabellar furrows. No spines at the genal angles. The facial suture cuts the anterior margin close to the glabella, and back of the eye runs outward and a little backward, so that it cuts the margin again close to, but in front of, the genal angle. Free cheeks not seen. Fixed cheeks covered with large pits. Glabella raised high above the rest of the cephalon, but depressed on top. It tapers rapidly towards the front and is marked by three pairs of deep, narrow furrows, all of which turn a little back- ward at the inner ends. The surface of the glabella is granulose. The thorax of this specimen has 12 segments, and it is doubt- ful if any are missing. The axial lobe is convex and narrow, standing high above the pleural lobes, which are flat, and divided by a deep, narrow groove into an anterior and posterior ridge, the hinder ridge being extended at the point of geniculation into a long si rp spine which turns upward and backward. At the geniculation, the pleura are bent abruptly downward, and end in blunt spines. The pygidium is strongly spinose and is made of four .segments, the first two of which are hardly different in form from those of the thorax. The third and fourth segments have the anterior ridge reduced in size, and the posterior ridge flat- tened. Between the posterior ridges of the last segment is a cuneiform plate which probably represents the original pygidium. 24853—3 iOBUL wmtm. BtnXITIN no. I It will be noticed that this plate is much larger in the specimen here figured than in the smaller specimen figured by Billings. Mea»urem«rU». — The thorax and pygidium figured are 41 mm. long. Glabella 13 mm. long, 15 mm. wide. Cephalon about 26 mm. wide. The large pygidium is 22 mm. long (without spines), and about 45 mm. wide. The most perfect spine is 15 mm. long. This species is similar to "Cheirurut" vukanut, Billings, but has the eye farther forward and farther from the glabella, has • flatter and more prominent glabella, and last and moie im- portant, it has the suture cutting the margin in front of the genal angle, instead of at or behind it. In "Cheirurut" wlcanua the suture is as shown in Billings' figure (Palaozoic Fossils, p. 284, fig. 271), and differs so widely from the proper suture in the Cheiruridae as to make one doubt if this species belongs to that family. Furthermore, the py- gidium which is associated with this form both at Cow head, Newfoundland, and Stanbridge, Quebec, is very different from that of either Paettdoapkcerexochxia or Neitzkowakia. " Cheirurua " prolificus, Billings, which can hardly be separated from C. vuU canvt, has the same type of suture, and so does C. mercuriiu, Billings. OxNUB Ceratocephala, Warder. CCRATOCEPBALA OONIATA, WaRDER. Ceratocephala goniata, Warder, 1838. American Journal of Science, Series 1, p. 373, fig. — Weller, 1907. Bulletin IV, pt. II, Chicago Academy of Sciences, p. 255, PI. 23, figs. 1-2. Also full bibliography of the species on p. 191 of the same Bulletin. This species has so far been reported only from a restricted area in the general region of Chicago, Illinois, and the writer was, therefore, rather surprised to find two typical specimens in the Museum, on a tablet with specimens labelled Brordeua pompilius, Billings. One of the specimens was collected by Sir William Logan at Port Daniel, Chaleur bay, in 1843 and is probably the specimen referred to by him on page 54 of the "Report of Progress" for 1844 (Published 1846). After describing Brontes 1 canadensis, nnoBiTM m rxmn. hiobui. mnrai M of which the type is lost, but which wm probably a Lichad, he •ay» there u another Brot,^xu present (afterward doBcribed by Bilings as B. pompiliu,) and adds: "The head of another trUobite armed with spines occurs." A second specimen was collected in 1862 by Robert Bell at the Gros Morbe, in the same region. These specimens are of mterest as showing the possible path of the migration of this species. The rec.nt discovery by Mr. R. Harvie, of the Geo- logical Survey, of a pygidiumof BronUus pompiliua &nd a era- mdium of a Ceratocephala like C. goniata, in dark Silurian shales at Knowlton Landing, Lake Memphremagog, Que., furnishes, perhaps, another link in the route of migration. t'l 4! ■ ^ ■ -4 21SK-.3I Canada Geological Survey Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 \l.— Description of Some New Aaaphida. By Percy E. Raymond. Family AsAPHiOiB, Emmriih. Sub -Family OoyciN/K, Raymond. Genus Hemigyraspis, Raymond. HeMIGYRASPIS MCCONNELM SP. NOV. Plato IV, fig. 4. This itpecimen was figured as Hemigyratjns sp. ind. in a recent paper in the Transaction.^ of the Royal Society of Canada, Vol. V, 1912. The type is a fairly complete but distorted specimen, and the collection contains other fragments which are presumably of the same species. Description. Entire body broadly oval, cephalon and pygidium semi- circular, general surface relatively smooth, axial lobe about one-third the total width, genal angles extended into long spines. Cephalon nearly semicircular in outline, with a low obscurely defined glabella. Eyes of medium size for an asaphid, about their own length from the posterior margin. Thorax of eight smooth segments which are pointed at their distal ends. Pygidium semicircular in outline, depressed convex. On the type the axial lobe is very well deflned,but that may be due to the crushing of the specimen. « VICTOBU MMIOBUL 1IU8ETO. BULLmw NO. I nhilf^'T^'^^" *yP"' "^^''^ » t^»ted as shown in the 1886 ' '"""■*'*^ ^y ^'- R- G. McConnell in Sub-Famtt.t Asaphin^, Raymond. Gtiwus Basilicus, Salter. Basiliccs barrandi. Hall. Asaphus barrandi, Hall, 1851. Report on Geology of the ^ o^c'wiri^,:f,^:i.tp^'4it^^^ xxvin-1852: Asaphuswiaconsensis, and romingeri Walcott 1879 Twentv eighth Annual Report New York State Museum p 97' Vol. Ill, pt. 2, p. 709, figs. 12, 13. B*t« by Bringniart in found 15^' • "^"'' ''P'*''^ '* ^'y Oi^ygtY*,. But they also ^sLTrtrt^^"-"''^™''^^^*'^^^ /withot-LZ! Offygia or properly, O^j^fe,, as emendea by --omelin and glabella, instead of runnmg around the anterior margin The specimen recently found by Mr. InKall shows th«f Asaphua canademia has this type of suturr Thl H specimens previously collected di7:ot°lhr;h^ pl^^d': ^nL^TJ"^ * '^'^''^^'y ««8°>ented pygidium, a narrow axial ln.l\f^'*''^ °""'°^' «'''b«"«' ^'^^ spine at [he gen^ angles, the writer referred it to Baailicus * r^nif"^ «P«"mens of this species have hitherto, with rare ex- cep^on^ been found only at Collingwood, Ontario but Mr number of '""'''*?* P"'*°°*°'°«*^* *° '^' Survey found a number of very good specimens this season in a brown Le ■C.t. nu«n.e Fo». Silur. A«oc. Fr. Av«.c. Sc. Cong. Xante., p. 631. 1876. BMCKimoN or SOME nkw asaphid-b « ITmTi^^L '°"'"° ''°' '"^""^y " »"« ^P-i"'^ collected nfr?*'''T7''^ specimen figured was collected by Mr Elfric lop 01 the Trenton on Adeline street, between Preston and ^nTke^U- ^"*7V^°*"'°- ^'"^ horizon isthe lower SaL Th °^°°^ ^°"°^*'°°' «"PP«««d *« be of early Utica age. The specimen is No. 7817. Genus Isotelus, Dbkat isotelcs latus, 8p. nov. Plate 5. amers from /. gigaa m havmg all its parts much wider As ctlr 1867 " t'V'^ ^P^^'"^° ««"^^ intheGeo ogy o S':::::?ordT;"B;;ii^^^ Description. wide°''brolHIv'' ''""?'; " "*?' "^"'^ ^'^'^ «°«-*>'^'f 'o'^Ker than wide, broadly rounded at both extremities. Dorsal surface wtrtir"*'' *'' '"*' '°'^ °^ ^•^^ *1^-- wide! and the Id fs miiln r''" ^'^'^ '° ^- ''^■''««- The test is punctate^ r.nhT !J ^7'''^^' '''Osculating depressed lines Cephalon three-fourths as long as wide, regularly curved in ribdirnrr'^"'^^' ^-™- °bsoi!re, tLs Lli^g Ited mort ^h f^'*^- ^^'' ''^^'^'^y «'"''»' f«' ^part, sit.! the 0^1, 10''"',°'^ ''°«*^ f^""" *^c posterior margin of unLot "■ ''"^' '"^'^^ ^-^^'^ - *^^ ^d"'t- Young JE"^mon?r'' •fe^'°°'' "^''^'y semi-circular than the .ephalon, smooth, with depressed border of medium width Dorsal furrows obsolete, and axial lobe not defined fl 4 «• TICTOUA UmcOBUL MTmCM. BULLKTIN NO. I The following are the principal measurements of the type:— Length, 190 mm. ; width, 120 mm. ; width axial lobe of thorax, 50mm.: length cephalon, 94mm.; width, 120mm.: eyes, length, 12 mm.; back of eye, 17 mm. from posterior margin of cephalon; distance between eyes, 60 mm.: pygidium, 70 mm. long; 115 mm. wide. This species is readily distinguished from I.gigas by its broader and more rounded form, and its shorter and wider cephalon and pygidium. Local collectors in Ottawa have called this form Aaaphua phtyeephalua, to distinguish it from the more triangular IsoUlus gigcu. The inadequate figures of Stokes' species, which was never described, prevent its positive identi- fication, and the name will have to be dropped. The Museum of the Geological Survey contains a number of specimens of Isotelus from St. Joseph island, but none of the size of the one described by Stokes. The specimens which we have are all laoUlus gigaa, and the presumption is that Stokes' specimens were of that species also. Even with the types, the point could hardly be definitely decided, so, as just remarked, it is much better to drop Stokes' name. Locality.— This species is rather common at Ottawa in the cherty layers of the Crinoid zone, and less so in the Prasopora and Cystid zones of the Trenton. The exact locality from which the type was obtained is not known. On the tablet in the Museum it is marked "Trenton, Ottawa, Ont., J. McMullen, collector." The Museum number ia 1788. Isotelus maximus, Locke. Plate IV, fig. 8. Isotelus mazimus, Locke, 1838. Second Annual Report Geological Survey of Ohio, p. 246, figs. 8, 9. Isotelus megistoa, Locke, 1841. Transactions American Asso- ciation of Geologists and Naturalists, p. 221, PI. 6. Isotelus and Asaphus megistos of authors. A small specimen of this species collected from the Lorraine at Hawthorne, near Ottawa, Ont., by the writer, is figured, to show the great length of the genal spines in a young specimen of this species. DiscBimoN or soiib mnr abaphidx 47 The species seems to be somewhat common in the Lorraine at Toronto, and through the courtesy ot Dr. W. A. Parks the writer was permitted to study the series of very fine specimens m the Museum of the University of Toronto. Many of the spMimens are very large. The largest complete specimen is 286 mm. (nearly one foot) long, but there is another incomplete specimen whose measurements are aU 10 per cent greater. All the g, ecimens which were well enough preserved show spmes at the genal angles of the cephalon. The spines are somewhat longer in the smaller specimens, but as they are usu- ally imperfectly preserved, no very satisfactory measurements could be made. On a specimen 145 mm. long, the spines were 17 mm. long; on another, 171 mm. long, the spines were 31 mm. long; and on one 187 mm. long, the spines were 16 mm. long. The width Of the axial lobe, in relation to the total width of the thorax at the back of the fourth segment, was measured in 15 speci- mens, and It was found that this ratio varied from 0-34 to 0-40, but that most of the specimens were near 0- 37 and 0- 38. As the writer has already pointed out, following various other writers, there is no real reason why this species should be confused with IsoUlus gigas, the cephalon and pygidium always being shorter and wider, more rounded in outline, the axial lobe narrower, and genal spines being present in adults. Genus Bbachyaspis, Salteb. Brachyaspis altilis, Raymond. Plate IV, figs. 3 and 7. This name was proposed without a formal description, in a pa- per on ' Parallelism among the Asaphids " in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Vol. V, 1912. The type is the specimen figured by Billings as Asaphua platycephalus in the Catalogue of the Silurian Fossils of Anticosti," page 26 fig 9b. It differs from B. alacer (see Plate III, figure 6) principally m the character noted by Billings, that is, in the greater prominence of the eyes. The axial lobe of the thorax 18 also wider. Indeed, the axial lobe in B. alacer is very narrow I 4 • TICTOBU ttMHOtOAL MUBEUM. BCLirnM NO I SH * ?"^*i"^'- '" *•»" connexion it ehould be noted that TriltJ" 11, *."" °' B''^f^y<"i^' in "British Silurian H^, „!r' ^' ^'^lu" J*"^ inaccurate in this particular, and does not agree with his own description of the type^^cies fi»Z*h • m": """•• ""***' *^"» *•>« P'""™'" but in the DXSCBIPTION. shSl"'" r-'?'?^'''^; "V^^ ^e'ni-cir^ular head and abdomen shields A»allobe of thorax wide (one-half the total width). Cephalon short, genal angles rounded, spineless, eyes large lugh, l^s than their own length from the posterior marjS 5 depressed border bemg present. In front of the eyes, the facial sutures reach the margin just before they unite in front, bu are not so stnctly marginal as in B. alacer and B. notans. horZ T '^'°.''=;""'"' f«8"'"ly convex, without depressed border. The axial lobe is faintly indicated, otherwise the sur- face 18 smooth. ^il*!! ™«"'«ement8 of the type arertotal length about 30 mm.: 7.1; T-' ^^'^^"^ lobe of thorax, 10mm.; length cephalon, 10mm.; width, 19 mm.; distance between eyes, 8 5 mm A more complete but smaller specimen is 20 mm. long and 14 mm. wide. Locality -The specimens are from the Richmond at English head. Anticosti The type is number 2161 in the collection at the Geological Survey, Canada. Canada Geological Survey Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 \n.—Two New Species of Tetradium. By Percy E. Raymond. The following species of Tetradium seem to be distinguished from all described species by their habit of growth. Subdi- visions based upon nice distinctions in the characters of the cells cannot be attempted until the whole genus is thoroughly re- studied. Tetradium haltbitoides, sp. nov. Plate VI, fig. 3; Plate VII, fig. 1. Corallum roughly hemispheric, composed of square corallites, which are jomed into intersecting and anastomosing laminae of single (sometimes double) layers of tubes united along the whole of their adjoining sides, as in Halyaitea. The tubes are nearly square m section, and show four primary septa, which extend over halfway to the centre. The lacunae between the rows of tubes are rather large, and laminae are usually made up of single rows of cells, although in some cases they are in double rows, as IS shown in the upper part of the photograph. The weathered natural vertical section shown in the figure, shows rod-like supports extending across tjo lacunae from one lamina to another. The best corallum collectt 1 is 70 mm. in diameter, but larger specimens were seen in place. The corallites average about 1 mm. in diameter. Locality.— The species seems to be fairly common in the lower part of the Lowville, near lot 25, con. VI, of Garden, Ontario, 1;; I m TiCTOMA MMuoauL mmnu. numi m. i lype 18 No. 7839, and the paratype 7839a. The holo- Tbtbaoium racimosum, bp. Plate VI, fig. 2, NOV. nf ?^^ k"?'"*'"* °' *'°°«''*^' '"««"'«'. bifurcating bundles of tubes which are square in section. The bmidles vanr ?rom oval to rectangular in section, and often haveTvery ITeiZ -hape. Typically, the section shows the cells IrrTnl^f deep, and about 30 corallites to the bundle TheToXl in tT T 1?''^ ''°" '''' ^yP'^'^ «^""« "^ctbn Th y teem tamtes^^'etre^f^ori^ l^^^t'^ T^'^ «*>-*• The ;^,one.thebunZV°/^rgS^n-r^i5?^ refrodium celluhsum^ has never been properly described but TieTthet' *''.'"°"" ''°°*^''»'^ ^-- coramt 'than stctrswter^;r,*Nr?ork^^^^^^^ him specimens f.m the' Lrvinfat' t^at IoZTtZ'^Z to be two forms present, in both of which the bundles are 111" than those of Telradium racemosum. In the larger fo^ th.rl are about 15 corallites to the bundle, and the corS tes™ vt much smaller than those of T. raceLsum Intl^t^ IZ v75\:V£lt''T'' '" ^ ^-^'«' -d the b^di:s are tiy Tlus can hardly be the typical cellulosum. however. ^" 'Hall. Paleontology New York. Vol. I. p. 39, 1847. Canada Geological Survey Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 VIII. A RevUion of the Species which have been Referred to the Oentu Baihyurus. PaxuuiNARY Paper. By Percy E. Raymond, Billings erected the genus Baihyurus for trilc oites of the type of Asaphus exians, Hall, but, in practice, did not adhere to hh own definition, and described trilobites of all sorts as species of Baihyurus. In this, other writers have not been slow to follow his example, so that, at one time or another, some 50 species have been referred to this genus. The writer now knows of only 12 apecies, and 3 of these are described for the first time in this paper, which agree generically with the type of this genus. The attempt to dispose of the other species has necessarily led to the erection of several new genera, only one of which can be retained m the Bathyurida. The work so far done has covered only the species described by Billings, and as the assembling and study of the other species will cause a considerable delay, it is thought advisable to present the more important facts here. The final paper will mclude full descriptions and illustrations of all the species. Familt BathyuridwE, Walcott. Genus Bathyurus, Billings. Raised Generic Description. -Ontlme elongate oval, cephalon always longer than pygidium. Glabella subconical, expanding 1'! M .. ■■■•««»■ A3 nciOMA MttOMAt MCMtm. ■nu^TIl. MO. , mSS^ Sum "/~°*' ""^ ''^'^''^ •'»"* »o the Ulterior ?n- ^ , ^*' "*°" d'-gonally inward while crowing the nwk Eyra very luge, Iron one-tourth to one-third the length n» th. Type: Balhyunu extant, Hall, BaTHYURUS EXTAN8, Hall. p.i7XX'.2.1'?*'- ^•'-' --'^'"•V^k, V,,.,. This .pecie,, whieh », » t„ „ i, k„„„ „„j,^^ viire, h«, . very conve, pygidiun wh<«, outline t«,rtor, Bathyurcs perplexus, Billi' This species, as has already been pointed out by Walcott' is probably a synonyn. of B. extans. The specimen b a p;^^^ from Bonne bay, Newfoundland. Pypaium ,„ tEe final puoei ""' '"''''<«raphy and synonomy will be «iven in •Bull. 30, U.S. Geol. Survey, 1896. p. 20. Bathtckvs johnstoni, ap. nov. Plate VII, fig>. 2 and 3. character. I-S 1^1, ':. J*." "»«''" ««»» '» hav. -d py^di^"Znti.t.itr!p5n;:.";i, ^'"f":'"* •re a. in fl. e«an,. 'Pecie., but the genal ipinei Bathturub 8P. Plate VII, fig. 6. axfal lobe, LiLVyZt^Z^ "^ !'*' " '''""^ P'""'-"* than in Bextar^ hut n^T a ""'t '^"P"''"'^ ^''^^'■' wider " ". ej^ana, out not so wide as in fi aunerhiu, tk- Ji u ■• appears to be smooth and if if h» " "' '"P*'""*- The glabella .^ w oy ut. iu. O. Ulrich, who will probably describe upSrpaftTat SmeliiV'"'".?'""""" '" ^^^^ ^^'^ '-- and ■4 M ^ ICTOBU MIUIOUAL MVnCM. HtTU-KHN NO. I river 3 miles weit of Clayton, and was collected by Mr. E. J. Wbit taker. IUtbtcbus sopcrbcs, Raymond. Bctkyw i .tKt.f' Siw, Raymond, 1910. The Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. XX" , , "l\ pi. II, figs. 1-3. This t- ' IS . iaracterized by its smooth test, short genai ■pinett, 1 ',' wjd' ftncave border of the pygidium, w hieh border is, howe\ r, ci'> . by the ibs, and by the short and wide ceph- alon ar i i >(s''n n. It >♦♦ i «i a larger siie than any other known ii' ' unu. Ji - .- been found only near Ottawa, Ont., a< horiiOi: ivt'i J5 feet below the top of the Pamelia formation BATUVjiit-- -.ONaiBPINUS, Walcott. Bathyvrua longiapinua, Walcott, 1879. 28th Report New York State Museum, p. 94. This species is characterized by its very long and wide genal spines, pimtulose surface, and short and wide pygidium. It occurs in the Leray-Black River, at Newport, New York. Bathturvs ampumaboinatus, Billings. Bathyurua amplimarginatua, Billings, 1859. Canadian Natur- alist and Geologist, Vol. IV, p. 365, figs. 12a, 12b. Bathyurua minganenaia, Billings, 1865. Palaeozoic Fossils of Canada, Vol. I, p. 353. A comparison of the types show that these species should be united. The most prominent characteristic of the species is the very broad concave border of the pygidium. This border is not crossed by the ribs. The .species has been reported only from the Beekmantown on the Mingan islands, but was found re- cently by Mr. Elfric Drew Ingall and the writer at Rockland, Ontario, in the lower part of the Beekmantown as exposed there. MVMioif »)» aracraa RRmuugo to qcncb SATHrrnr* U BaTKTVWVB GLANDIClPBALUt, WHIXriELD. Batkyurut (BathyureUus) gUmdie*phalut, Whitfield, 1890 Bulletin American MuMum Natural History, Vol. III. n 38 PI. II, figs, ft-13. This species occurs in the highest part of the Beekmantown m the Champlain valley (Bed E of Brainerd and Seely), and i* a true Bathyunu. It is characterised by its very narrow glabella, and both the glabella and the axial lot»e of the pygidium are rather low and smooth. The surface seem« to be entirely wit hout granules or pustules, and is marked by very fine but closest wrmkles. On the pygidium the border is wide, and the ribs do not cross it. The specNOBIA miCORIAL MUSBDM. BULLETIN NO. I the same locality by Jones, have to be removed to the Beekman- town. Bathyurus angelini proves to be exceedingly abundant at and near Grenville, and its most noticeable specific character is one pomtedoutby the writer in his previous description of the species, namely, the extension of the axial lobe across the border at the posterior end of the pygidium. The writer was, however, in error m calling the outline of the pygidium semi-circular, as it is really sub-triangular; much the same outline as in Bathyurus extant, but a little more pointed behind. The surface markings are also characteristic, the test, when preserved, being strongly granulose The eyes are very large, and the border in front of the glabella very narrow and concave. The hypostoma is like that of B. extans, except that the body portion is very much more convex. BaTHTUBUS ACCTUS 8P. NOV. Plate VII, fig. 4. This species is based upon a number of fragmentary specimens. A very perfect pygidium is selected as the holotype, and two cranidia, an hypostoma, a free cheek, and a larger pygidium are used as paratypes in making up the description. /)escrtption.— Glabella regulariy convex, rounded in front, ex- tending nearly to the front of the cephalon, and limited in front by a narrow concave border. Surface smooth, without pustules marked only hy two pairs of faint furrows. Neck furrow narrow' and rather deep. ' Fixed cheeks narrow, impressed by the neck furrow. Eyes large, close to the posterior margin. Free cheek with a rela- tively short genal spine. Thorax unknown. Pygidium triangular, the posterior end bearing a short acute spme. The axial lobe is narrow and prominent, with two rings beside the half ring in front. Otherwise smooth. On the pleural lobes there are four pairs of unfurrowed ribs, which extend across the concave border to the margin. Surface very finely granulose. The hypostoma of this species is more like that of B. angelini than that of B. extans, as it has a rather convex body-portion. HivTMON OF mem BEtnuD TO ammm BAXimmtn, 67 whT^hir"'"! u """V'"'*'^ ^"""^ ^ Bathyurus angelini, with to distinguish the species at once. Afe««rme«te.-The pygidium used as the holotype is 75 12 mm wide. The spme of this specimen is 2 mm. long nefrrhlV /.r'T '''" "*'""''*«*' ^y tJ^e ^Jter in strata near the base of the Pamelia formation (ostracod layers) in a small cutting on the Canadian Pacific railwlrat wSb^ro near Ottawa. Ont. The holotype is No. 7821 and the^araty^ Bathycrcs arcuatus, Billings. carr;^.rr2o"^:fig'"i';r ^^^- ^^--^^ ^-^^ ^^ aftl"R'!l?''**.T"'"'° °^ *^'' 'P*'''^' ''''•«*> ^^ evidently found after Billings' description was printed, adds to our knowledge and shows that this is really a Bathyurus, allied to B.7cZ a^d the smir- '* " °°*«.^«rthy for its very triangular shape, ^d he small, convex pygidium. The species has been found only m the famous boulder from St. Antoine de Tilly, which furnished :oT:^'e."''' ^'*"" *° '"''°«^- '' •« ^'^^^^'y "^ B^-- Bathyurus spiniqer. (hall). Acidaspia spiniger, Hall, 1847. I, p. 241, PI. 64, fig. 5. Bathyurus ingalli sp. nov Plate VII, fig. 7. This last survivor of an interesting race of strictly American tnlobites seems to be of rather frequent occurrence, "hougS Palaeontology New York, Vol. 10: If- 6-^ -M • ncTOKu motoRiAi, musidm. bulletin so. t hardly to be called common, in the lower Trenton of Ontario. It appears to be a direct descendant of Bathyum, apiniger, but ft i llT 7P«f «"% J°own, better specimens maTshow that It 18 less closely related than it now seems to be. It is distin- gmshed from all other species of the genus by the great size of kio^"'*'?? ^ k'?"'^*- '^^^ "'■''"•'^'"'" " ^^'^ °°'y portion and the glabellar furrows are obsolete. On a specimen m wWch the cranidium ,s 22 mm. long, the spine on the neck ring is 16 mm. long This spme is stout, circular in section, tapers regu- arly, and the surface is smooth except near the base, where there seem to be a few tubercles. The eyes are large, a^d close to the posterior margin. „.frrf ^rJ?^ \^ " ^™" **^^ '"'^^^ P'^rt of the crinoid beds TnLi* f ^ """"" °°'**' °' K^'^fi^'d, Ontario, where a number of specimens were collected by Mr. W. A. Johnston collected at Belleville, Ont., on exhibition in the Museum unde^ the name of B.^,ntffer. This is from about the same horizon as the last, that is, withm 50 feet of the base of the Trenton. I fi.'^fi ! f^ "°"'"*^'^ '* °"" <^"'^^''' ^ '^ old quarry on the first road beyond the cemetery in Eastview, in the low2 of the Trento?^ ""''''** ^^^' ^""^ ^^°"* ^ '*^* *^*'''* ^^^ ^"« BaTHTUBCS 8CHUCHERTI, CLARKE. BathyurusBchucherti^ Clarke, 1897. Palaeontology of Mimie- sota, Vol. Ill, Pt. II, p. 724, figs. 41, 42. This species is allied to B. ingalli, but has the glabella smooth and only a short spine on the neck ring. The type was from the Lower Buff" limestone at Minneapolis, Minn; Genus petigubus nov. {Petigo, scab; oura, tail.) The trilobites of this genus are apparently closely aUied to Bathyurut, but differ in the following points— The facial suture reaches the posterior margin near the genal angle; the anterior end of the glabeUa overhangs the concave IWV1810N or sracm ufbhbbd to aimrs BAranntus 69 border glabellar furrows are entirely absent; and the eyes are somewhat farther forward. The pygidium is without concave border; the ribs of the pleural lobes are reduced to nodes; and the axial lobe is ringed for almost its entire length. Type: Bathyurru nero, Billings. Petigurus nerd, (Billings). Plate VII, fig. 8. Bathyuruanero, Billings, 1865. Palaeozoic Fossils of Canada. Vol. I, p. 260, figs. 243 a-d. This species is covered by the generic description. The species ,8 common at a number of localities on the western side of Newfoundland. Professor Reed has recently described a small, imperfect head-shield from the west of Ireland (Glensaul) as Bathyuru, f- nero. This specimen is of particular interest, as the genus Bathyurus has not previously been reported from Europe. The single specimen found agrees with P. nero. in having a tuber- culated glabella and neck ring, large eyes, and oblong glabella. It differs from that species, however, in having a wider and more nearly rectangular glabella, in the profile of the glabella. and m the position of the eyes, which are near the centre of the head m the Irish specimen. The most important differ- ence. however, is in the shape of the fixed cheek. The Irish specimen is incomplete, but. according to the figure, the posterior end of the facial suture turns sharply outward behind the eye, forming a broad fixed cheek. This is very different both from Petigurua nero and from any species of Bathyurut. Petigdbus ctbele, (Billings). Bathyurm cybele, Billings, 1859. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, Vol. IV, p. 366. fig. 12c. Very similar to P. nero. From the "White limestone" of the Beekmantown at the Mingan islands. li 4 vicrouA imoiui. mtmau. BULUTOf IfO. Family Solenopleurid^, Angelin. gcncs hrstbicusvb nov. (hyatrix, porcupine; oura, tail.) in«wi?* ' J ^ " *^°^ *°** **P«" towards the front nnL ft'eeJ" outside the dorsal furrow is another feature ^^^ST' A *^1*'*' °' *''* «''°'" »««™ *o be with SoUnopleura undPtychopana, the general shape of the glabella thTcZ^p L t". ""'""!: *'' '°™ °' **»« <'«^di'™ i^^'ont of the glabeTa »i7!f„^ «VcA<,pana in having the glabella somewhat loneer wiy, the thorax of the present genus is unknown. Gkneric DiAONoais. fu^tr"^ '"i'''^'' ^.T""*^ *°''"^^ *•»« f™»t' outlined by deep ^^Z "! '^^ ^™°*- ^'''''«"" f""<"^ absent. S rows paralleled by a narrow convex ridire Evm nf «,»^i With deeply concave border in front ""laium inp^'^^r.™'^'*"^'.'^**" "°°*'''^« ""«'d«r- Axial lobe prom- S' « i ""*'' *"? ^'^"'^ "' «^« P^'" °f "bs on the pEl lobes. Surface smooth or pustulose. "« pieurai Type, Bathyurua conicut, Billings. Htstbicurus conicus, (Billings). Plate VII, fig. 9. Bothyurus conicus Billings, 1859. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, Vol. IV, p. 366, fig. 12o. ,, Thesurfaceisstronglypustulose. Itisfound intheBeekmantown WyMIOH OF tnciMB E«nu.D TO OINUS BATHTUB™ Htstbicubcs CROTAUFBON8, (Dwight). 61 S«.W ",T ' f «toi»/ron-, Dwight, 1884. American Journal of Science, 3d senes, p. 263, PI. 7, figs. 4, 4a, 6, 6. glabella. Found in the Beekmantown at Rockdale, New York Htstbicorub cordai, (Billings). *'^*r".!I«T'^v'.^v'"'^' '^' ^""""^^^ Naturalist and Geologist, Vol. V, p. 321, fig. 26. Bathyurus seel^, Whitfield, 1889. Bulletin American Museum Natural History, Vol. 11, p. 62, PI. 13. figs. 8-14. S This species has a smooth, and not a pustulose surface It has been found m the conglomerates at Point Levis, and in the ?orkTndT *V, '''■"P?"'^' Q"«^«^' BeekmanC.' New York, and probably at Comstock Landing, New York Also 1 B^oiS).''^''"'"'"'"'- '^^^"^^^ •'»«««'' ^y BilC Family PROETiDiE Barrande. Genus Haploconus nqv. (haplooa, simple; konoa, cone.) This genus is proposed to include trilobites closely related the p;gSru:"^' "'"' " ''^^'"^ ^ '- P™--nt axial lobe on Type, Bathyurus smithi, Billings. Cyphaspis? galenenms, Clarke, is a second species and it is lobTte with! '"^ ^^'' ""^^ P'°P°^^^ ^y Burmeistcr for a tri- bv a Tin f '''''' P'""!:'"'"* «'^^''"^' '^^'^'^ ^^ surroundrd . AA ?u ^ . r'y"'"' ^^ ^^•'^'^ ^'^ °«t extend as far forward a atd from tf "'^ "'•''7 •"\ ^''^ ^^°°* °^ ^'^^ glabella iTep- m hg. 3 of Plate III of Burmeister's "Organization des Tri- 1 ; mu ii^ -^ 1 ■ ;-:i ■ '*« - ' '"4. 69 nCTOMA rauOBUI. MTOUll. BULLITIN WO. lobites." The eyes, too, are separated from the glabella by this -ame roll, a rounded ridge which starts at the nfck Cow «d "Th^niL' ?'ri'' ""^''''^^ ^^^^ '^^ furrow TheseTJm to iXf p'^ tbe proposed genus has these characters, yet agrees mth Proitu, m lacking the isolated basal glabellar lobes S are so prominent a feature in the cephalon of Cypl^U Haploconvb smithi, (Billings), Plate VII, figs. 13 and 14. Ba/Ay«r«.j«ijAj Billings 1863. Geology of Canada, p. 153. p 56 Palaeozoic Fossils of Canada. Vol. I. in JSv^htl,T.f°"°^.'^ "P"" * ^^'y «'°'^' fr««P°e°t. «how. .? now ^. K *i u'"'' "'^ P^'*'^"^ °' t^« fi^ed cheeks. There colt LI Tf'*' ^'''^''' '^ ^*'y ^^'^"tif"! ^o-nplete specimen to thllj'j,!!" ^r^*^^ ^- ^'°^' Vertebrate'pal^on olS no^^raduTt iTr'^rt"^^""- '^^^'^^d" probably' ^^l^ n .^"^ """^y ^ segments in the thorax. Excent ratroJimrtuX^-'"-*'' '' '-- -'' ^---^^ DBscRiPTiON.-Entire body broadly oval, the cephalon with long genal spmes which extend back as far as the py^dTur Cephalon short, tumid, the glabella forming the highest part rows gS.'""*'' !?*i^^* indications of one pair of'f^I rows. Glabella surrounded by a deep groove, which is paralleled X'r^d tf ''?"V* *'^ '""*• •°*--'»- between^ glabella and the upturned marginal rim. The eyes are small m:nti"''TT' r?''' ''^'^ *^^ «"^^"'' byTe^SgelS Si ?r^" ^ "l"^ '"*"'■* «="*« *»»« posterior margin well oT the e': ' Ther''; ""V^'" *'^ "^*«"- margin in fr" ol the eye. The genal angles bear long, rounded spbes. Thorax with seven segments (in an immature soecimen^ which are bent very abruptly at the sides. J^IoSn^w.' K1TM.0K OF »KIM BWMuaD TO owns MTHTTOCT 63 meet behmd the axial lobe, thus iaolatingT ' ^r«r^tl7:7^?n ^^i '^"°*°°' P^t'^Wy a little above the FaMILT DiSELOCBPHAUDiB, MiLLKR. Genus Plattcolpus nov. (platyt, broad; eolpoa, furrow.) This genus is proposed for trilobites with hemisDherir «♦!,», smooth cephalon a depressed glabella Lrd ng T;^^^^^^^^^^^ faTnt'"n^'h'''7*'''*' " " ^''*' '''^'^''^ ""^ glabellar furrow inl«?>. ' 'I'*"'^' *'""'°« ^''e posterior margin just .mde the genal angles, and the anterior margin in fronTof'the fainffrt"" 'r''"'"^"' '^*'^°"* ^«P'««««d border, and with famt traces of segmentation. Type: Bathyunu capax, Billings. Plattcolpus capax (Billings). Plate VII, figs. 20 and 21. ^'^*SoI? v'.^v""^' '^^°- ^""'^''^ Naturalist and Oeologist, Vol. V, p. 318, fig. 20. This species is common in the conglomerates at Point Levis and ,s supposed to be upper Cambrian in age. ' Plattcolpus eatoni, (Whitfield). Dikelocephalw, eatoni, Whitfield, 1878. Annual Renort r»^ logical Survey of Wisconsin for 1877. p. 65 ^ fu^^"°*'S?''* ^'■°'° ^' ""P*" ^y ^^^ P'^sence of faint glabellar roTvils I IT?' " 1""°^ ^ *^« •°^«°-'- limestone o the Devils Lake district. Baraboo, Wisconan. 4.! 5': .... ^ •• rtaomu UMMOMUL Mvmm. Bvurnif m>. i PtATTCOtFUS DrBIUB, (BUIIngB). Geologist, Vol. V, p. 319, fig. 21. .i Jl^hnf V •'"""'' " P**''''*' •* Poi»t Levis, and a h^li^elir "°"° '" '""-'' ^^ ^«'>"-- •* ^w PlaTTCOLPDS BABABU1N8I8, (Whitfield). DifetocepAa?u« 6oro6««n«,, Whitfield, 1878. Annual Report Geological Survey of Wisconsin for 1877, p. 63. Similar to P. dubiiu, but with a more convex clabella anH Family AaRAuuDiB. GeKCB PuethOPELTIB NOV. (pletho, to be full; peUa, a half-moon shield.) Generic Diagnosis. Cephalon strongly convex, wider than long, without concave bo der or marginal rim. Glabella faintly defined, without gjibellar furrows Eyes small, situated well forward FrL cheeks rather wide, smooth, with short spines at the geS ltx.n?btd"e^ ''-''' ""'' '- *— °' «--Sn1 Type: Agraulos aaratogenais, Walcott. Plethopeltis sabatoqensis, (Walcott). Agraulos aaratogenais, Walcott, 1890. Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. XIII, p. 276, PI. XXI, This species is found in the upper Cambrian Hoyt limestone liZto? r '™' ^."^^ - '^^ "PP«r part of the KitTattny limestone (upper Cambrian), near Blairstown. New . sey. "T,.,OK or .«C«. «.,«„ ^ „^, BATHTU.U. 6S Plithopeww abmatcb, (Billings). Plate VII, fig. 18. Found in the pebbles at Point Uvis. Fahilt uncertain. GcNrs GONIURDS NOV. (oonia, angle; oura, tail) Generic diaonosis. »!^ ! little farther toward the genal angle. Eyes very Lmos^tTtTe?' " T *° *'* *'*•""*• ^'''^'f- long 'reach nj GeL aS^rK!f^'!'^'°'^'"« ''''""" fi«d and free cheeks, oenal angles with short, sharp spines. A narrow elevated rim Tastfrz? *';;'f "'''"''°°' "-^ »»>«^haiotrsiS^^^^^ mTn^ spiir ^'^ " ""'"' *"'"'^^'"' ^*^ '^ '-«*- Ttpe: Bathyunu perapicator, Billings. GONIUBUS PER8PICAT0B, (Billings). Plate VII, fig. 10. ^""^ZLrvlT' Jf'"^' '^^'- P'''*"'"'^ Fossils of Canada, Vol. I, p. 205, fig. 191. toile de ™y7" "'^ ''""''"' ^ '''' "^"•'^« -' St. An. i I I" >«« 4 TicTouA umoauL MrsBCM. »vuMnn mo. t GoNiORVS CAUDATV8, (Billings). Bathyurus caudatus, Billing!^, 1865. Canada, Vol. I, p. 261, fig. 245. Palaeozoic FobhiIb of This species is fairly common in the Bcekmantown at Ft. CasHin, Vt., and Ft. Ticonderoga, N.Y. The original specimens were from horizons G and H., Port au Choix, Newfoundland. GONICRUS ELONQATUS, SP. NOV. Plate VII, figs. Hand 12. Known from pygidia only. Pygidium large, triangular, with a long, narrow terminal spine. The main portion of the pygidium, disregarding the spine, is broadly triangular, only gently convex. The axial lobe is broad, encircled behind by the dorsal furrows, and shows two distinct rings which cross the lobe, and three others which are visible only at the sides. The pleural lobes are nearly smooth on specimens with the test, but exfoliated examples show two broad flat ribs on each pleural lobe. 7'he surface is marked by fine, wavy, impressed lines. LocAUTT AND FORMATION. — From the upper part of the Seek- man town on the road between Philipsburg and St. Armand, county of Missisquoi, Quebec. Genus Lloydia, Vodqes. Bulletin U. S. Geological Survey No. 63, 1890, p. 97. GENERIC DIAGNOSIS. Whole animal oblong in outline, cephalon and pygidium reg- ularly rounded, with elevated convex borders. Cephalon con- vex, glabella usually tapering towards the front and reaching to the marginal border. Glabella outlined by shallow or deep dorsal furrows. Eyes small, near the dorsal furrows, and situ- BBTUIOll OV iraeiH UVBI vo cmm BAUiuiut 67 ated halfway to the front. Facial sutures cut the posterior margin at the genal angles and the anterior margin in front of the eyes. Oenal angles usually without spines. Thorax of nine segments; pleura deeply grooved, ending in long, acute spines. Pygidium with uarrow axial lobe, which may have from 1 to 8 rings. Pleural lobes smooth. The convex border which encircles the pygidium is set off by a shallow furrow. Ttfe: Batkyunu bitubereulattu, Billings. Llotsia bitubbbcvlatui, (Billings). Plate VII, fig. 15. Bathyurua bilvbercuUUu$, Billings, 1860. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, Vol. V, p. 319, fig. 22. Fairly common in the conglomerates at Point L^vis, in pebbles of Beekmantown age. Llotdia SArroBDi, (Billings). Plate VII, fig. 16. Bathyurua laffordi, Billmgs, 1860. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, Vol. V, p. 321, fig. 24. Differs from the preceding in lacking the basal lobes on the glabella, and in the more convex glabella and pygidium. The species is common in the Beekmantown at Philipsburg, and in pebbles at Point L^vis. Richardson found it at Cow bead, Newfoundland. Llotdia soutariub, (Billings). 1.1 *fii 1% Bathyurua aolitariua, Billings, 1865. Canada, Vol. I, p. 362. Palaeozoic Fossils of Very similar to L. aaffordi. The type is lost, and no other specimens are known. The locality was Hare bay, Newfound- land, and the specimen was found loose. 'iM«((ptrie*MH,BilUa» A«MUMdm«Bihowfa«th«int«no(i ndbtiac (rom.tte swiM. TUa i* Am ipiMiiiiMa Irom whUi the eai InddrndnwiagiaUMtBitifMiiiad*. Th* figgn to } lai|v than Mtonl of th* type, ibowliV tk« ■wl, oa tb* 1. CveI«!t*(otto tewwrii, BflUagi. A . .^ ndwtint ridaMoa the «<,IUyiMid. AafaiagiiialUa I. i Iwnr Am aaianiliiM. ainoaed to bakai ta tta al pnasated eranidiuiD, Hppaaad to ti along aboTe apeciea. ) larger than 9. A free oheek auppoaed to belong to Holaaaptsa moorsi. } larger than natural aiae. 10. gotisapHea moorei, Raymond. Aa ktperfeet A nearly pel ioad a U. Thaaaaa M. BSSSai, Raymo irteet nvMinm. About aatoral aiaa. . Ii.- o - i^ a--."'**"S^- A laiia,apeoimaB laoaatly to tte Survey by Mr lamia Grant, nam iatnMlaoad to ahow the liiaualhia «l the pieva of Aa Hterior aagmaata o( tha thotmi. ) anallar thaaaataral aiae. .-3 IT .III aXAJ*! HO VLOnAKK11x3. nalih to nislra arf» aoiwoda atwio->qf> lUim A .aaailliH ,UW ukMl*«wb«') . t .lit -tn^mao odl risiiiw n«v'l aamhaipi ■•Hi ^i niiiT .■nta9-< -jd* nwrrt ^iajlwri Uwtan iwrfl lagial { «i naaA ariT .sbuni uw Ji»» wiij ni yihrvib abisul "H *"T"*' •''^? 'J** •" ilq««<»»oi!q A .qpiUjH .oiMniKna* nkiel>«^^'^ .t " 9di oo ,bM .•<«teia iaB^ni-4f«i llainii 9d« ,4«i> mil m> ««abh »uMiiMi sdi (tMBOTun doUw ami adt to «»)alq i»>uo lasUioy adl .nbhi baad Siitn , . .„ , . . .Mil! l«Tu)aVI .Mb *!2?? ••Maawi Ml k) laqxtoo sdi Id »flO .^ntltifl ,il)aA u)Hol««aob«.> .t " -*»>9»b b8«|«d»-«ooq» ow* mU ,mi«Iq laoit -«fn-dira to aoH 'di awoda nom .nutom mU to tiMi 1MV ad) M ■ojam sdl ai .boa .stalq dias no uioia dqciaModji «dl to obh liiauMtol lawol »dl al .»»»«)q t>!u<. laoirtsv sd* stiaq bsMnndBt sd* abiduo .ooUiaoo ai nosa ad ^anj mtalq jiair-ivocs 'jd* ■Mia invtaa aamb sawU isoda si oiuao nidT .sataiq ianistam-duf! odj to aO .MMtiawotmbiniwoda.nsaiiDwa iUuna A .aaailUH .iUsil »lMotM3olM'> t " toa ma aaii iMinani 3qa »»slqmo3 A .(aHdlliS) .inoiokb U(ps*o'& .1 " btitannq xUa-ntn ,*Uo uqnAoH .» " , J .^ .aaklatBiaW .ioaiO ismaliiH {H <<9nii8 aoni«afl .ituiUM wtaamaa .£1 " woda o* b99aboUai aniart tnaiO lonul ilH yd icsinott sd J .>i batasvnq t .uiodt »dl lo BiB9ai|w iciri^tiM 9dt to aiu-ilq sdJ to ooiiaaaini ads .9xia laiuJaa nadt isllama Vktobu Mimobial lIuracM BciL*nN No. 1 72 Plati III ■'l^*f»- •* ^' EXTLANATIOH OF PUTB IV. Fig. I. PuudM'plutraodtui apoUo, (BUUi^). Craaidkin and thona. Natanli " 2. The aame ipeoiM. Pygidium tt » lai|er iadividiMl. NMoibI iIm. I. Bnek^iuri* (Mlip, lliarmoad. Th* type, fron the dcnnl Me. k nu H«mM|pM»to ■rPfiewHI.Baymoiid. The type, wUehUdUtorted. Thefi» onMMiout iinuUerthaBiatuialiiM. /iiililiMii AMMioMtoMttt, (Waleott). A apeaimen ooUeeted by Mr. W. A. •f Brkfleld, Oat., taA ihowinc avecisUy vd the Buote t«r> of the mrndiam. Natuial nie. iIiMr. (BuUi«i). Fitat view of the tne for oompMiKa with _ ttaUM the low eye* aad the flat dabtfik Brimmtfi* triMb. Kaymond. Froat riew. to liiow 4ha ooorae of thallaeial ipiaeat the '■•I *5fsas: 4 ex II aTAj'I lo y.(mty.AA'iy'A .1 VioroaiA MiMOBiAL Muncii BCLLRIN No. 1 74 Pmti IV 4 11 .l#'5^ ExnjoiATtom «r Tultm T. 'Ml 'I i :f. I .7 STAJI 10 Y.OlTA/'.t.dHxS .Mi* UnvlM uuli m«l | Juod/. .•>q{iol..rf nirf .UBontfH ,»H*oi -MSik** Vmoau Mmoaui, Mdmdm BvtUTIN No. t 79 Pmw V 4 MHCROCOPr HSOWTION TBT CHART (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 3) 1.0 I.I Li 12.8 ■ 2J la"" ^^ lit 1^ ■ 2.2 i^l^ ■■■ •£ Ufi 12.0 u ^^^^H b M WtoM 1 a 1.8 ^ 1^ i^ ^ /APPLIED IM/OE I 1653 East Main Street Rochester. New York U609 USA (716) +82-0300 - Phon« (716) 288- 5989 - f Q« i 77 BxpiiANATioN or Plats Yl. Kf. 1. OmailtieanaitiuiMAChMpBaa). AnanentdMd les, is Umeatooe, ihow- ««B of tiMB AovIh iSL^ri^ „tV_ ??"'' "BMoe with wvenl oonlla, Sm «!hiro»al!r%M^ biBBchi., oommon in r«./:aj^x3 -woil* .snoiBomil oi .aacuiiaqi borfeuinnu iiA .(noinqeil )) .niimsininin iit)i(N«0 .1 '>ti» ItnuifiVL .-nutua lMn muibailst .S ua) JJiw sibmlsT tii nucnmoo ])oiri.inind lo 9lv.'a »ri7 3Uiiv/niii meiil lo ono „ , , , .9tnlinu)aV. -liiiioviXo iidaii inulUio9ala93ahu .iiM Inutoa t .olbaud a ni isjillnos Si* ViCTOiu* MiMoaiAL McncM BviLmN No. 1 78 PUTl VI tl, ^i y ^^ . 7B ^#i?rr*^ EZPLANASIOH Of PUTC VII. 17. i3»J«W«n «Mar«(»», (BiUiiSo A ««5dtoSri3r„^.„. N.t«r1 AT .117 aXAJ^ lO VLOlTt.Y.t^lX^ .muUKimeh nuiivmU-HSvitlnuUHt'fl .l.n<>(ii<«H .^^Wn^l»^lIlA m»ilait>»I 1 ijl ilsiilw BMoqqun «]|il-hBofnv.«H ,im>>»ii*.i< wnuMMeR S • ■uoismufl ba« »jiiil nd) sniworii , uiuibiiiHi'> ii<>h.Kiiiii nA •••lirviqii omwi tri'I' ,C •' . , .. ... "ti' l«ut«'(^ UHlu^aiKi .»«« I«iut«/^ .fiiuibiixq Jwihiq A bn.)^^ .» n'MWJ«H njaitniinnt ... J ;■"'« l«nu»«'i< .muibinjno A bnomynll .lUiivjnt •.nuuAloa .T " muibisyq 9d» worf wori§ oJ .awiytoi .iilj lo anO .f<«nilIiHi .n-ran tuTiiq>t»<\ .8 • _,.,,,, , . .o«iii lini))«Z .um^AUia UiMrit moi) viiTtrb n»nib alMiila 9rf) wod wori« at .-kixJ firIT .(t^UUa^ .uiain«« niunhl.iiU .« " . , •»•« I«uiaX .KmntMsa lo (Bil.t moil .91IB Uiutafl a;imi.t JS ./nuibiji^q A .(fsnilUfi; ,TO>ii->i(\.T«t lunumoVl .01 " .MIS l*nuJ«ii n«dl injn«l < .bnonr^aii ,»«»i,v,m)J, wituiiw;* .11 " , . . . ,. ■'•"• IkiuM'/ .>.'»iT«i- .jmjw 9HT .SI '• Imvimn auraiJ » .flS(nir>3q« oiiln» ,ll«mB A .ftgnilliUj ,i*iim» wkw^^ubVI .£1 " fiiia linulaa B^mit ♦ obn orfl moil bawii-/ .niminoqg omiih -irfT .H " .?>iial«iu»ii;< .9qy)ol.irf-.if)K> muibm/n') .d-giul.'ia) .ouiDlinrjiWlh* wbyolA JI ■• , . ,, ... ■"*"> imu"}'^- .mmbia jq A .(nanilliH) ,iti,>^« mW^A .«I •• Uiuta/T .muilHUXI l-« iiiuibinma A (.esnilliH) .miiloilmup miiiv»»«or>.\ .Tl • .milinuJa/l .*ie»..i{r ,(«anillin) .wtam-in »i>',iqi,«)>l'\ .81 •• ■ Jii" ImuttiV. .(iiuibi^yq bn/i rMiiilT .bni qa iiib\|ol.\ 01 ■ .'jue linuta/. muibinmi A (egnilliU .lonn. luqlm^Sul'i .OS " .9jia I«lu)«VI .niuibni'tq A vrntiiu atnan odT .IS ' VlCTOIIIA MCMOMML MlUKUM Bl'LlCTIN No, 1 P' Tr VII *2l Canada Geological Survey Victoria MemoripJ Museum BULLETIN No. 1 IX.— A New Brachiopod from the Bate of the Utica. By Alici E. Wilson. OxoPLsciA gen. nov. FiK. 4. OtopUaa calkomi, Wiljon. All natonl lite '■ ^'"j;!i/'*"'"""' ^'•''*'' '""» t*" '""t. to -how .ub.rectan«l« told and 5. Side view to ihow beak of tl e largest ipecimen found. 8. Cardinal area of the rame ipecimen aa fig 2 '■ '"'^XfiWdin.'l'^^'li.'"'''"'' "' "*"""^" •''°''- *- fi«- '■ to "'""'-t, " ""^rj^t^ilS ^it%'re"' "^ '' "»'"•'" "---• '» '"o- dental 6. Longitudinal ««tion of another ., ..men. to ,how length of cardinal proce«. This genus differs from Tripleda in having the surface cov- ered with phcations or strim, which increase by interpolation and bifurcation; in the large, triangular, slightly concave car- dinal area of the pedicle valve; in the broader, usually flat deltidium; m the shorter cardinal process; and in the longer beak of the pedicle valve. Type: Oxopleda calhouni sp. nov. Other species which belong to this genus are Triplecia ulrichi, Winchell and Schuchert, Triplecia s riferoides (McCoy), OH- 248J»-6 II n TKTOHA MSMOaUI. MCnUM. Bin4«ni( MO. I thiiina eavo, Barrande, and probably rn'pbeio groyim, Davidaon, though the interior of the latter ia not known. OXOPLBCIA CALHOCNI Sp. nOV. Shell traniversely oval, biconvex, with lub-rectangular fold and sinua. The greatest width is about the middle of the ■hell. The brachial valve is much more gibbous than the pedicle and has a well-defined fold, somewhat flat on top, be- ginning cloee to the beak and rising gradually until at the anterior margin its sides are abrupt. Both valves are covered with radiating plications, averaging about 6 in 3 mm., near the front, though coarser and finer ones are arranged in somewl at irregular groups on the side lobes. Adult specimens have 7 plications in the sinus, and of the 8 ou the fold the two marginal plications are much stronger. Concentric growth lines cross the plications of both valves. The width at the hinge line is a little more than half the width of the shell, and the cardinal angles are very obtuse. The beak of the brachial valve is incurved but prominent, and there is no cardinal area on this valve. A faint ridge extends aling the umbonal region of a cast of the pedicle valve to the end of the beak, which is very long and definitely incurved. The cardinal area of this valve is triangular, and slightly concave, owing to the curve of the beak. The delthyrium is covered by a fiat deltidium which occupies a little less than a third of the whole area. The interior of the pedicle valve shows two dental supports between which projects the bifid cardinal process of the brachial valve. Length of the largest specimen about 16 mm., width 21 mm., height 12 mm. Oxoplecia calhouni is most nearly allied to Triplecia ulrichi,^ Winchell and Schuchert, of the Maquoketa of Minnesota, but differs from it in that the fold and sinus are more prominent in the former, and begin nearer the beak; the top of the fold is flatter, and the abrupt sides of both fold and sinus are without plications; the two marginal plications of the fold are also very marked in Oxoplecia calhouni. f^. ^his species too, the con- centric growth lines are morr pio. .-cnt, and the brachial valve is much more convex than in the Minnesota species. ■Hinnewts Geol. Sur. Ill, 1893, p. 409, fis. 34. ) WW imAOiiopoo raoM UAtm or tn mc* n Two other iipecie. of thii genua, Tripleeia tpirife^md,,, McCoy, and THpUcia g^ayut, Davidwn, T come from Great Britain, the former being found in the Caradoc of Walee and w I ' m- *, '*"*' '" *•'•' '■"'' formation from Scotland and Walee. TnpUcia tpirifermde* haa a shorter pedicle beak than Oxoplecxn calhmini and a much ^der hinge line, which featuret greatly alter the proportions of the cardinal area. Tn ecia •V^rijermde, also "is covered with numerous, very fine, radiating, thread-hke. raised strie" in place of the larger and fewer pl|I cations of OxopUeia calkauni. The average specimen of the Uinadian specie, is somewhat wider and more gibbous. The rnpfcno grayite is a smaller Hhell and not so wide in pro- portion to its length as either Tripleeia ipiriferoide, or Oxoplecia calhoum. The greatest width is nearer the front than in the Oxopleaa calhoum, and the cardinal «•„ -.s are more prominent, standing out like shoulders. The ei.vation of the fold in rnptecio grayue divides the shell into three almost equal lobes While the fold m calhouni is only about one-fourth of the whole width. The fold in Tripleeia grayite is more rounded and the strie, like those of Tripleeia ulriehi, appear to continue down the sides instead of having the smooth, abrupt margins of the fold as in Oxoplecia calhouni. The delthyrium of T. grayia: is covered by a deltidium, "elevated along the middle" in con- trast to the flat deltidium of O. calhouni. The Bohemian species, Orilhiaina cava, Barrande', is more like Tnplecia ulriehi in general proporti( ns. It has the les« prom- ment and more rounded fold and sinus, with strlations upon the sides as well as the top. The hinge line is wider than Oxoplecia calhoum and the beak of the pedicle valve is shorter. Formation.— The base of the Utica. Locality.— Ottawa, Canada: north of Carling aver-: between Rochester and Preston streets. The associated -no ies are- tonulanatrentonenm, Hall; Diplograptus sp. indt.; i^eplobolua insigms,UaU; Schizocrania filosa, Hall; Lingula progne, Billings; Dalmanella emacerata. Hall; Plectambonites sericeus (Sowerby); hyitime Silurien du Centre de U BoMme. Vol. V, pi. », Bg. iv. 1-7, 1879 24853— 6} ■1 * f 84 TICTOSIA MKMORIAL MUSEUM. BULLEnN NO. I Rafinesquina allemata (Emmons); Ctenodorda pulcheUa (Hall); Trocholites ammonitia, Hall; Triarthua becki, Green; Ogygitea canadensia (Chapman); Calymene aenaria, Conrad; and laotelua gigaa, Dekay. The cotypes are in the Victoria Memorial Museum of Canada, numbers 7768, a-c, and were collected by the writer. Poatacnpt.— After the aboTe waa in type, it wu diarovered that the generio name Clittonia had bean propaaed by Dr. Foerstei lor striated Tripleciaa. Dr. Foente'a type ia Cliltonia aUiata, a abell lound in the Cllntoo at Cllftna. Tena. He deacribea it aa having the eitemal appemim a! aa Atnma, with a very short hir«e and a sub-circular form. The shape of the miunaa form is _ao diffetent from that of any ot' the species referred to Ozoplecia in tbia paper, that the writer is not satisfied that they all tielong to ttie name genua, though if aueh prove* to be the oaea Clittonia will take pnoedence over Oioplecia. > Bulletin Denison Univeraitj, Vol. XIV, p. 32, pi. 3, figs. 3a, 42 ; pi. 4, fig. 70, April, IW9. » Explanation of Plate VIII. Fig. 1. OmpUciacoUiouni, WUw)n. One of the ootypea, showing the plication* on the bnehul valve, ud the acute, extended beak of the padicle valve. About natural nse. 2. The Mune apeoiee. Another ipeeiiiien. About natural siie. '1 « w 44 »t;?roH!A M »•»•■!.; 6iii!;4bM. HLl.l^liN .•(( I Hnfin4'- ■ '< •ill*); ('tinit'lonUi puUJiella (Hali): Trmrthii ittcki, Grrt'u, Oifj jilts. ■>!«« *>nnrut, (.'^mrud: au>! Inoteius vf.Tiiorirtl Miist;'!!.i of i';in;<v\Kov a leaf, Kettle river being the type locality. LEBEFBrLLUH gen. nov. Leaves rhombic-oval to rhombic-lanceolate; basal margin entire; apical margin crenate-dentate, cuneate at the base, three veined. Detailed characters under specific description. Type: L. reineckei. In general appearance these leaves resemble those of an herb- aceous plant, as suggested by Professor John Macoun, and in the general form, venation, and the peculiar dentate margins they approach nearest the living genera Pilea and Urtica in the Nettle family. They agree particularly in the rounded teeth and the long point at the apex. In Pilea and Urtica the ',1 m TioroBiA untOBUL mcsittm. boixitin no. I leaf is dentate closer to the base, and the basal part is not so distinctly wedgenshaped, the margins being convex instead of straight or slightly concave as in Lebephyllum. They agree in having a distinct midrib ruiming from the base to the apex, but the lateral veins differ materially. Fragaria is another genus to which the broad form of the Kettle River leaf bears a strong resemblance, but in Fragaria the teeth are pointed instead of round, the apex is more obtuse and lacks the long tooth, and the venation is feather-veined. Lebephtllttu reineckei, sp. nov. Plate IX, figs. 1 and 2. Leaves rhombic-oval to rhombic-lanceolate, wedge-shaped at the base, the basal margin entire, the apical margin deeply crenate-dentate, the toothed part occupying a little more than half the margin; 5 to 7 centimetres long and 2 to 3 centimetres broad. A strong midrib runs from the base to the apex. Near the base opposite, lateral veins, not quite as strong as the mid- rib, branch oflf at an angle of about 13 degrees and run almost straight to the margin. In the smaller specimen, fig. 2, two similar pairs ar,' given off at regular intervals towards the point, and m the larger leaf, fig. 1, only one pair is seen above the one at the base. In this the veins do not seem to be quite opposite, though only the right vein is distinct. Each vein seems to terminate in a tooth, but owing to the state of preservation this is not well shown. The ultimate reticulation is not seen. Specimens in the Museum of the Geological Survey, Canada, Ottawa. Catalogue numbers 8038 holotype, fig. 1, and 8038a paratype, fig. 2. Locality: West fork of the Kettle river, Beaverdell district, southern British Columbia. Formation: Tertiary, probably Miocene. Collector: Leopc'd Reinecke, 1911. The writer wishes to acknor/ledge his indebtedness to Dr. F^ H. Knowlton, of the United States Geological Survey, Washington, D.C., and to Professor John Macoun and Mr. L. M. Lambe, of this Department, for kindly criticism and help- ful suggestions in the preparation of this paper. Canada GeolojC^ical Survey Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 XI.— 4 New Spedet of Lejndoatrohus. By W. J. WiMON. During the summers of 1909 and 1910 the writer spent a short time at the Minto coal mines near Grand lake, New Brunswick, collecting fossil plants. These fossils are found in great abundance in a somewhat dark grey shale lying above the coal. A portion of the shale is removed in mining the coal and thrown on the dump. The shale is fine and free from grit and has preserved perfectly the minutest impressions of the plants. Unfortunately for the collector, the shale, which is hard and firm when first thrown out, begins to crumble as soon as exposed to the changes of the atmosphere and in a short, time is reduced to a fine powder. If, however, it is collected as soon as it comes from the mine and kept dry, it remains solid indefinitely. Although plant remains are abundant and for a long time have been known to occur in the vicinity of Grand lake, no systematic collecting has been done in the past. Sir J. W. Dawson harf identified or described about thirty species from different places in the Grand Lake basin, chiefly from Coal creek, for the most part collected by Professor C. F. Hartt. Among the many beautiful specimens collected by the writer at the M\:',i, mines there were several fragments of cones be- longing to the genus Lepidostrobua, two being sections with the scales attached. Besides these there were over fifty detached scales, some of them perfect, showing both sporangiophore and blade. These scales when separate from the cone are usually 90 ncTOBIA lOMOBUL UVtmUM. BUIXSTIN MO. I described under the genus Lepidophyllum. The cones are sup- posed to be the fruit of Lepidodendron and are allied to the recent Lyeopodiaeea. I have carefully compared the cones and scales collected at Minto with all the descriptions and figures of Lepidostrobus and Lepidophyllum available, but have not been able to identify them specifically. I will, therefore, describe them under the name — LEPIOOBTBOBITB MINldEKBIB 8p. nOV. The specimens on which the species is founded are the section of the largest cone, the type (Plate IX, fig. 3), and two detached scales, figs. 4 and 5. These specimens are in the Museum of the Geological Survey, Canada, catalogue numbers 7544, 7545, 7545a. No. 7644 was collected by Mr. W. B, Evans at the Rothwdl Coal Company's mine; No. 7545 was collected by the writer at the King Lumber Company's mine, and No. 7545a at the Thurrett mine. The section of the cone shows about 14 attached scales in a whorl. Diameter from tip to tip of blades of scales, 5-5 cm.; from base to base of blades 2-6 cm., diameter of axis 6 mm. Sporangiophore 9 mm. long and about 7 mm. broad where it joins the blade, triangular with a distinct keel on the dorsal surface, with two low ridges, one on each side of the keel, con- verging towards the axis. The ventral surface has corresponding grooves or depressions. The keel is higher at the distal end and gradually tapers to the axis, while the lateral ridges begin with an oblong projection at the distal end and gradually dis- appear towards the axis. The blades are 15 mm. long and about 9 mm. broad at the base. They are broadly triangular and are rather sharply pointed, the apical angle being about 40°, while the angles at th - base are slightly rounded. The base or side attached to the sporangiophore is distinctly concave and the sides are slightly so. Some of the blades have a more 01' less distinct median vein, and some have crinkled edges. Separate scales which are identical with those attached to the cone figured on Plate IX, are common at nearly all the Minto mines, and sometimes they are found in groups of two or more. mw aracnw of HHPowwmni ^ Some of the characters, which are not well shown on those at- tached to the cone, have been taken from the detached speci- mens. In one of the largest and best preserved of the separate scales (Plate IX, fig. 4) the sporangiophore is 12 mm. long and 9 mm. broad; the blade is 17 mm. long and 12 mm. broad, with the apical angle 44». In over fiO separate specimens examined the apical angle ranges from 40° to 80*. The species most closely allied to Lepidoatrobtu mt il5en«t« are LepidophyUum triangulare Zeiller, L. piehleri Kemtr, L.jenneyt White, L. ovatifoiium Lesq., L. brevifolium Lesq., and perhaps Lepidostrobua f trigonolepU Bunbury. Both LepidophyUum tri- angulare and L. picMeri have not only acute apices of the blades but the angles at the base are sharply pointed, while the basal angles of the Minto specimens are slightly rounded and the blade is generally of a much broader type. The sporangiophores of the latter are slightly longer, indicating a larger cone, and they are g-nerally broader. Zeiller's species, on the contrary, are described as characteristically narrow. The scales of Lepido- phyllum jenneyi seem to have shorter sporangiophores and the blades are slightly convex at the border and less pointed at the apex than the Minto specimens, and they have semiangular or rounded dilations or auricles at the base. Compared with the Minto scales LepidophyUum hastatum is longer and muchnarrower, the blades of LepidophyUum ovatifoiium have convex borders and a more obtuse apical angle, while LepidophyUum brevifolium have narrow sporangiophores and short blades with distinctly convex borders. C. J. F. Bunbury in 1847 described a cone from the Sydney coal-field of Cape Breton, N.S., under the name Lepidoatrohus? tngonolepie, the scales of which, he says, are of a "broad tri- angular form, acute," which agrees in a general way with the Mmto scales, but he adds they are slightly convex and that they seem to be attached to the axis by a very short claw. These latter characters cleariy separate it from the species htre described. Unfortunately Bunbury did not figure his specimen and his description is too general to admit of exact comparison. Lepidostrobus squamosus, Dawson, from Grand lake, N.B., was described as allied to Bunbury's species, but larger. The type is in the Redpath Museum, Montreal, and through the 1 -a I I nOIOMU MBMOaUL MOnOll. KVUMTtn NO. I IdndneM of Profeasor F. D. Ad«ma I had mi opportunity of exunining it. The blkdea are much narrower and more acute and probably longer than those of L. mirMenr's, though the conea are nearly the same siie. The sporangiophores are not shown dearly, but the two cones seem to be distinct. The essential characters of Lepidoitrobxu minUftntia are: — Scales large, sporangiophore triangular, about three-fourths the siie of the blade; keeled, with a low ridge on each side; blade broad' triangular, sharply pointed, basal angles rounded, lateral borders slightly concave. Locality: Minto, Sunbury county, New Brunswick. Middle coal formation. (Upper PottsviUe). I am indebted to Mr. W. B. Evans, manager of the Rothwell Coal Company, who kindly sent me specimen No. 7544, fig. 3; and to Dr. David White for figures of two of the species referred to in the text, and for valuable advice and suggeationa as to the relation of the species. ExnafATiON or Plan IX. »• Awfcrmrimwi rim Aid mli (PMiHrnT AlMaMmlibt. liie. (Hototype). « .1 11 li Ctt .ZI STAJI 10 WOITAMAJIXJ .vim (jn .rilMKivt miiUt|A<(K^.\ I aii vim >|ii .ni-rtiiiM ««*>.\ .1; " ■nil liiivtnW ••jii! l»i1PI*Vr I ■!<)'< I«il4;n ;ilfii.! Ii'iilijitlli inirrli'iiqii imovw /. t " 9ii» laiuKid 1 feiV. 'fiq'tJ«iii'li ■•Iji'w 1.iiImI')Ii ;n'>iiiivH)« IniilJ A iS " \i. ii'iiii Mcu'MMi Ml 1*1 iiriiN Sm. I I'n l\ 11 : h . ^i' 1 1 s!i: pi-. Canada Geological Survey- Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 Xll.—Prehnite from Adams Sound, Admiralty Inlet, Baffin Island, Franklin. By RoBT. A. A. Johnston. The material which furnished the subject of this article was collected by Mr. Arthur English while engaged as prospector on the expedition of 1910-1911 of the Canadian Government steamer Arctic under the direction of Captain J. E. Bemier. The locality is given as near the head of Adams sound, which would^ make its position as about 73° 12' north latitude and 82 30' west longitude. And from information gained from a letter written by Mr. English to Dr. A. P. Low, Deputy Minister of Mines, in which he gives a summary of his observations upon the geological features of the country, it would appear that near the head of the sound extensive beds of shale are exposed. These shales are impregnated to a greater or less extent with iron pyrites and copper pyrites; the pyritous minerals occur in the form of flattened nodular concretions and thin scales and are particularly abundant along the contact with gabbroid intrusives by which the shales are extensively invaded; these intrusives often take the form of dykes of large proportions, rariting from 1 foot to 30 feet or 40 feet in width. In th aeighbourhood of these intrusives the strata are traversed by numbers of vertical veins of quartz and calcite, in which galena and pyrite and even fine particles of native gold have sometimes been observed. And it is presumably from one of these quartz-calcite veins that the mineral under consideration has been obtained. "'■■,•41 "• •s 06 VICTOBIA IIKMORUL MOSBDlf. BTnxaTIN NO. I l>« .1 The specimens as received by the writer are two in number and are excellent examples of vein formation. They present a nearly uniform thickness of 2 inches, and in one of the speci- mens there is evidence of some contortion. The principal con- stituents are the quartz and calcite as mentioned by Mr. English, and the prehnite, which forms the chief motive of this article; in addition to tbese, a very few minute particles of a dark or nearly black mineral have been observed scattered sparsely through the vein; thin sections of the veinstone were examined by Professor Pirsson and Mr. Drysdale, of New Haven, Conn., and this dark mineral was shown by them to be axinite; no other minerals than those mentioned have been observed in these specimens. The most abundant mineral in the vein is a translucent quartz, all but white in colour, there being an almost insensible purplish tinge present. The quartz for the most part takes the form of groups of imperfectly defined crystals radiating from loci midway between the wall and the centre of the vein; the individuals of these groups find, as might be expected, their greatest development towards the inner por- tions of the vein, and in many cases they terminate at the opposite wall; while, contrariwise, their development has been arrested in early stages of their growth. These groups are thus generally very irregular in their outlines; some show a semi-spherical outline, while others are more or less elongated in one direction and flattened or compressed in a direction normal to it. The calcite and the prehnite, which are approx- imately equal in amount, fill the interspaces between groups of quartz individuals. The cal< iie is white in colour and does not present any unusual characters. The Prehnite. As indicated above, the prehnite seems to be more intimately associated with the calcite than with the quartz. In the hand specimens the prehnite may be observed in small patches and reticulations up to one-fourth of an inch in width; these to the unaided eye, or with a hand lens, appear to be homogeneous; in thin sections, however, they are seen to be contaminated with more or less calcite and some quartz; it has a rather in- PBiaXITB nOU AOAMB BOUND fff distinct prismatic cleavage. Prof. Pirsson, who has examined the mineral optically, has furnished the following notes regarding it: birefringence >0-20; index of refraction >016; parallel extinction; optic axial angle positive. The colour is a very pale green; it is perfectly translucent and has a weak, pearly lustre. In thin sections under the microscope the prehnite is seen in the form of sheaves and bundles of minute crystals mixed with more or less of the calcite anr* some quartz. Its hardness is about 6. Before the blowpipe i* fuses with swelling and contortion at about 3-5 to a brownish slag which is not easily further fused. On strong ignition in a closed tube it yields water. Previous to fusion the finely divided powder is not readily acted upon by strong hydrochloric acid; after fusion it gelatinizes perfectly. For the purposes of an analysis a number of pieces of the mineral were fi st freed as far as possible by hand from asso- ciated quartz and calcite and then crushed to pass through a ■-ve of twenty meshes to the linear inch; the crushed material .s then treated with dilute hydrochloric acid (1 HC: 6 H2O) to remove calcite; it was then washed and allowed to dry at the ordinary temperature of the air for twenty-four hours, after which it was introduced into a Penfield's separatory tube charged with Thoulet solution of 2-8 S.G. The heavy separate was after a time removed, washed with KI solution and after- wards with pure distilled water; it was then spread out on glass plates and allowed to dry. As will be seen subsequently, however, this treatment probably did not effect a complete separation of the quartz, as the analysis shows an excess of 4-38% of silica over that required for normal prehnite. Its specific gravity at 15 • 5° C. was found to be 2 -924, and an analysis of the material prepared as indicated above gave the following figures: — SUica (SiOj) 44.35 Aluminik (.\ljOj) 19 '44 Ferric oiide (FoiOj) 658 Calcium monoxide (CaO) 25-50 Water(H.O) 400 99-87 Chlorine and fluorin were sought quantitatively by the method of Berzelius, but with negative results in each case. •J I W TICTORU UUIOUAI. MtnUUlI. tVUMm NO. I These figures afford the following molecular ratios: — 8iO< AliOt FeiOi CaO HiO 0-739 0188 0041 0-4M 0-222 0-739 0-229 0-4M 0-222 t 1 II (+0-073). The excess of 0 • 073 in the molecular ratio probably represents admixed quartz which would thus amount to 4-38 per cent. By subtracting this from the total silioa and recalculating the remaining constituents the centesimal composition of the min- eral is obtained. This is given in column I; the figures in colunm II are those obtained by Genth (American Philosophical Society, XX, 401, 1882) for another prehnite high in iron from Cornwall, Pennsylvania; these are added for purposes of com- parison. I. II. Saica(SiO») 41. ge 42-40 Alumina (AliOi) 20-36 20-88 Ferric oxide (FetOi) 6-89 S-M Calcium monoxide (CaO) 26-70 27-02 Water(HfO) 4-19 4-01 100-00 99-85 Owing to its hi--' .ron content it has been suggested by Professor Pirsso^ that this variety of the mineral be called ferroprehnite. Canada Geological Survey Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 XIII.— rAe Marine Algw of Vancouver laUxnd. By Frank S. Collins. The following pages are intended to include a list of all the marine algae that have been collected on the shores of Vancouver island, with the exception of the Myxophyceae and Diatomacte. These orders are composed of inconspicuous plants, and have been little noticed in this region, and the Myxophycese, at least, are practically the same in all countries, so that their omission here will not be a serious defect. The green algse, while not so cosmopolitan as the blue-green, are seldom limited to this region; they are largely circumpolar, the same species being found in the North Atlantic as in the North Pacific; while to some extent this is the case with the brown algse, most of the larger forms do not occur in the At- lantic, though many do occur on the Asiatic side of the Pacific. The red algse incluae a large number of local forms, but here, also, there are species of circumpolar distribution. Our first records' of alga' from this region were from Dr. Archibald Menzies, who was here about 1780, and again in the years 1792, 1793, and 1794 with the Exploring Expedition commanded by George Vancouver. The most important paper is that of Prof. W. H. Harvey, 1862, giving a list of algse collected near Esquimalt by Dr. David Lyall. A few species are noted by De Alton Saunders in his account of the algse of the Harriman Expedition, 1. ' 'References to worka cited will be by author's name and date: the full title of each la given in the list at the end of this paper. 1*^ ■-■-ft 4 100 ncioiu mMoiui. mmuit. bcixitin no. i The corallines of the vicinity of Port Renfrew were fully described by Dr. K. Yendo, 1901. All these records were summed up in the paper by Setchell & Gardner on the aigs of Northwestern America, 1903, together with some ad- ditions, mostly from the collections at Port Renfrew by Miss Eloise Butler and Miss Jessie E. PoUey. To these can now be added the collections by Prof. John Macoun in the years 1887, 1893, 1908, and 1909, which considerably increase the number of species, and give additional localities for many species before reported. Quite a number of Vancouver algos have been distributed in the Phycotheca Boreali-Amerieana, by Collins, Holden, & Set- chell, and in the Centuries of American Alg® by Miss Josephine Tilden; these will be referred to under their respective species. The list is imdoubtedly far from complete; a number of species even -f the larger and more conspicuous algse have been collected on the shores of Whidby island, which is United States territory, bat only a few miles distant from the Vancouver Island shore, and there is every reason to suppose that they are to be found on the latter. Some other species occurring both to the north and the south of the island are to be expected. The list is, however, full 'lough for us to form some general estimate of the character of the marine flora. As would be expected from the northeast-moving currents of the Pacific, it contains many more warm water species than are found in the same latitude on the Atlantic shore of British America, where the conditions are strictly arctic. On the other hand, some quite arctic species are to be found, notably in the genera Agarum and Alaria, which in the Atlantic are sharply marked off from the region of Gradlaria, Scinaia, Laurencia, etc. A table has been made up showing the distribution in other regions of the various species of brown and red algae, except Corallinaceae, here found, as far as we have authentic records. Recent collections of Vancouver algae which have been utilized for this paper are to be found in three herbaria: that of the Geological Survey at Ottawa, that of the University of California at Berkeley, California, and that of the author at Maiden, Massachusetts. For some species reported in Harvey's Lyall paper and not since observed, the herbarium of Trinity MABINB AUiM 0» TANCOVTBB UI-AND 101 CoUege should be consulted. No attempt will be made at elaborate synonymy; the names will as a rule follow Setchell & Gardner, 1903, and references will be made to that work, to Harvey s Nereis, Collins' Green Alga of North America, and to such monographs as may seem desirable. T'. ference will be given to the Phycotheca Boreali-Americana for ali species there distributed, whether the material distributed came from Vancouver or some other region. The Geological Survey has a full set of the work. To Professor W. A. Setchell, of the University of California the writer is indebted for valuable information as to typ^ specimens in European herbaria; all references to such sped- mens m the following pages are from Dr. Setchell. CHLOROPHYCE/E. CoLUNSiELLA TUBEBcuLATA Setchell & Gardner. 1903 n 204 PI. XVII, figs. 1-7; Collins, 1909, p. 141; P. b"a., Tm] EcbaUocyaha willeana Yendo, 1903, p. 199, PI. VIII, figs 1-15 Forming minute tubercular growths on stones in iools Port Renfrew, Yendo. Chlorochttricm mcLtJstJM Kjellman. Setchell & Gardner 1903, p. 206; CoUms, 1909, p. 147; P.B.-A., No. 514; Tilden Centuries, No. 389. Abundant m the tissues of SarcophyUia, Constanhnea and other membranaceous red algte; when very abundant it gives a greenish shade to the host, but otherwise « only to be detected by microscopic examination. Esquimau Port Renfrew, and probably all around the island. ' Entebomobpha clathbata (Roth) Greville. Collins. 1909 p. 199; P.B.-A., No. LXXVIII. Nos. 29, 151, on stones at Amphitrite point and Ucluelet arm, Macoun. E. CBiNiTA (Roth) J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner 1903 p. 214; Collins, 1909, p. 199; P.B.-A., Nos. 460, 965, 1325 Del parture bay, Macoun. »E. C0MPBE88A (L.) Greville. Setchell & Gardner, 1903 p 213- Collms, 1909, p. 201. Esquimalt, Harvey. This species in Uarvey s time was taken in a much broader sense than now and his plants may possibly be referred to one of the following 24853—7 *} b I I loa vicTouA iimoBui. MrncH. soixmN no. i species. E.eompreua in the narrower sense occurs vn the Washington and California coasts, and it is to be expected here. E. MiMiiiA Nftgeli. Setchell ft Gardner, 1903, p. 213; Collins, 1909, p. 201; P.B.-A., Nos. 468, 912. Port Renfrew, Butler ft Polley; Departure bay, Ucluelet, Macoun. E. MABOiNATA J. G. Agardh. Collins, 1909, p. 202; P.B.-A., No. 466. Departure bay, Macoun. E. PBOUPERA (Fl. Dan.) J. G. Agardh. Setchell ft Gardner, 1903, p. 211; Collins, 1909, p. 202; P.B.-A... Nos. 470, 610, 913. Esquimalt, Departuru bay, Ucluelet, Macoun; probably gener- ally distributed. E. uicRococcA KUtzing. Setchell ft Gardner, 1903, p. 211; Collins, 1909, p. 204; P. B.-A., No. 66. Esquimalt, Departure bay, Macoun. Var. 8UB8AL8A Kjellman. Setchell ft Gardner, 1903, p. 211; Collins, 1909, p. 204; P.B.-A., Nos. 467, 1068. Esquimalt, Departure bay, Macoun. E. iNTESTiNALis (L.) Link. Setchell ft Gardner, 1903, p. 212; Collins, 1909, p. 204; P.B.-A., No. 464. Common everywhere; probably the most universally distributed species of marine alg». Very variable ; occurring here under the following forms : — Forma cyundbacea J. G. Agardh. Setchell ft Gardner, 1903, p. 212; CoUms, 1909, p. 205; P. B.-A., No. 465. Forma clavata J. G. Agardh. Collins, 1909, p. 205; P.B.-A., No. 966. Forma maxima J. G. Agardh. Setchell ft Gardner, 1903, p. 212; Collins, 1909, p. 205; P.B.-A., No. 1182. E. LiNZA (L.) J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 212; Collins, 1909, p. 206; P. B.-A., Nos. 16, 967; Tilden, Centuries, No. 384. Esquimalt, Harvey; Victoria, Tilden. MoNOSTBOMA LATissiMUM (KUtz.) Wittrock. Setchell ft Gardner, 1903, p. 207; Collins, 1909, p. 211; P. B.-A., Nos. 14, 1122. Ucluelet, Colquit river, Macoun. M. FU8CUM (Post. & Rupr.) Wittrock, forma Bltttii (Wittr.) Collins. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 209; Collins, 1909, p. 213; P. B.-A., No. 715. Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley. Forma splendens (Wittr.) Collins. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 209; Collins, 1909, p. 213; P. B.-A., No. 911. Victoria, Saunders. UAtatn AhOM or tancoutu uland in M. LiPTODKiuiOM Kjeilman. Setchell ft Gardner, 1003, p 209; Collins, 1909, p. 213; P.B.-A., No. 1272. M. totUrioAum Tilden, Centuries, No. 388. On Zoalera, Port Renfrew, Butler "c PoUey. UiiVA t ACTUCA var. latissiii a (L.) DC. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 210; Collins, 1909, p. 216; P. B.-A., No. LXXVI. Esquimalt, Harvey; Departure bay, Macoun; probably gen- erally distributed. The mature plant seems to be always more or less regularly perforate; there are many snails that feed on algce, and make the fronds more or less ragged, but in the material from the northwest coast the perforations are more regular than are found elsewhere; observations on the living plant are needed. Var. RioiDA (Ag.) Le Jolis. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 209, Collins, 1909, p. 215; P. B.-A., No. 407. Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley; Esquimalt, Harvey; Victoria, Macoun. Probably generally distributed, occurring in more exposed stations than var. latianma. The common Ulva of the California coast is generally known as U. faseiata Delile, and no sharp line can be drawn between the two species. Endoderma viridis (Reinke) Lagerheim. Collins, 1909, p. 279; P. B.-A., No. 1026. In Apoglosaum decipena, Macoim. Rhizocloniuh kerneri Stockmayer. Collins, 1909, p. 329; P. B.-A., No. 623. Victoria, Macoun. R. riparium (Roth) Harvey. A common species appearing under two forms: — Var. POLYRHizuM (Lyngb.) Rosenvinge. Collirs, 1909, p. 328; P. B.-A., No. 24. Esquimalt, Macoun. Var. IMPLBXUM (Dillw.) Rosenvinge. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 222; Collins, 1909, p. 328; P. B.-A., Nos. 266, 976; Tilden, Centuries, No. 379. Departure bay, Colquits, Macoun; Pedder inlet, TilJen. Cladophora glaucescens (Griff.) Harvey. Setchell & Gard- ner, 1903, p. 224; Collins, 1909, p. 336; Harvey, 1858, p. 77; P. B.-A., No. 817. Nanaimo, Harvey. This species rests en- tirely on Harvey's determination of the Lyall specimens. It is by no means unlikely that it is not identical with the Atlantic species bearing the same name. 24863—71 • •• I Ml ▼icroBU wuuaoAL hvmuii. ■oixamf no. i C. BTniPSOMi Hanrey. CoUina, 1909, p. 338; P. B.-A., No 729. Nm. 140, 142, 149, 167, Uoluelet inlet, Maooun. C. FLBxtJOSA (Griff.) Harvey. Setchell A Gardner, 1903 p 224; Collins, 1909, p. 339; Harvey, 1868, p. 78; P. B.-A., Nos. 1076, 1627. Victoria, Macoun; a slender form. C. MiCROCLADioiDCs Collina, 1909, p. 344. Little Torquit. Macoun. C. i^iTBTiBENB (DiUw.) Harvey. Setchell A Gardner, 1903 p. 224; CoUina, 1909, p. 346; Harvey, 1868, p. 82; Fuca strait, Harvey. Only »ecord; identity with Atlantic plant doubtful. C. aoTCHiNBUB var. distanb Ktttsing. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 228; Collins, 1909, p. 346; Harvey, 1868, p. 83, as C. diffuaa. Port Renfrew, Butler & Policy. C. TBicHOTOsu (Ag.) Katsing. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 226, as C. columhiam; Collins, 1900, p. 349; P. B.-A., No. 820. Amphitrite point, Macoun; Port Renfrew, Butler A Polley. flpowaoMOBPHA DYBTBix Stromfelt. Setchell A Gardner, 1903, p. 226, as Cladophora hyatrix; Collins, 1909, p. 358; P. B.-A., No. 982, as Cladophora hyttrix; Tilden, Centuries,' No. 374, as Cladophora arcta forma 6. Gonzales point, Tilden. 8. ARCTA (Dillw.) Ktttaing. Setchell A Gardner, 1903, p. 224, as Cladophora a'da; Collina, 1909, p. 359; Harvey, 1858,' p. 75, as Cladophora arcta; P. B.-A., Nos. 224, 815. Esqui- malt, Harvey; Ucluelet, Macoun. Forma cohghjtinata Collins. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 224, under Cladophora; Collins, 1909, p. 359. Esquimalt, N. L. Gardner. S. SAXATiLiB (Rupr.) Collins. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 223, aa Cladophora aaxoAilia; Collins, 1909, p. 360: P B -A No. 921. Ucluelet, Macoun. 9. spiNESCEMS KUtzing. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 227, as Cladophora apineacena; Collins, 1909, p. 360; P. B.-A., No. 721, as C. arcta var. centralia. Ucluelet, Macoun. S. COALITA (Rupr.) Collins. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 227, as Cladophora coalita; Collins, 1909, p. 361; Harvey, 1858,' p. 75, as C. wopaeformia; P. B.-A., No. 922. BooDLBA C0MP08ITA (Hook. & Harv.) Brand. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 226, as Cladophora compoaita; Collins, 1909, UAaam aiom or VAUcomm wam Ml p. 867; P. B.-A., No. 722, h C. eompoiUa. Port Renfrew, Tllden. HoRMiscu PEmciLUFORMiB (Roth) Fries. Setohell A Gard- ner, 1903, p. 220; Collin,, 1909, p. 368; Harvey, 1868, p. 90, as Hormotriehum apteiotum; P. B.-A., No. 18, as Ulothrix ieogona. Port Renfrew, Butler A PoUey; Esquimalt, N. L. Gardner; Departure bay, Macoun. H. woRMSKJOLDii (Mert.) Fries. Setchell & Gardnei, 1903, p. 221; Collins, 1909, p. 368; Harvey, 1858, p. 91, as Hor- moiriehum womukjoUii; P. B.-A., No. 916, as Uro$pora wormakjoldii; Tilden, Centuries, No. 31, as U. wnnukjoldii var vaneouverentit. Victoria, Tilden.' GoMONTiAPOLTBHiZA (Lagcrh.) Bomet A Flahault. Setchell A Gardner, 1903, p. 229; Collins, 1909, p. 370; P. B.-A., No. 315. On barnacles, Quatrains, Macoun. Hauctstib ovaub (Lyng.) Areschoug. Setchell k Gardner, 1903, p. 232, as Valonia ovalis; Collins, 1909, p. 372. Port Renfrew, Butler & Policy. CoDivif FRAGILE (Suringar) Hariot forma caupornica (J. Ag.) Hariot. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 232; Collins, 1909, p. 389; P. E.-A., No. 229; all as C. mucroTMtum forma ealifornieum; Tilden, Centuries, No. 281, as C. Ummtotum. Victoria, Departure bay, Amphitrite point, Macoun; Port Renfrew, Tilden. Forma novae zelandle J. Ag.) Collins. Setchell A Gard- ner, 1903, p. 232; Collins, 1909, p. 389; both as C. mucronatum forma novae zelandia. Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey. C. ADtt€BBN8 (Cabr.) Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 231; Collins, 1909, p. 387; P. B.-A., No. 523. Sooke, Macoun. C. BiTTERi Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 231, PI. XVII; Collins, 1909, p. 387; Tilden, Centuries, No. 370, as C. ad- harens, Bryopsis htpnoides Lamouroux. Setchell & Gari. r, 1903, p. 230; Collins, 1909, p. 403; P. B.-A., Nos. 1028, 1286. Victoria, N. L. Gardner; on Gradlaria confervoides, Departure bay, Macoun. >No coUeotioM have come to notice of Ulothrix or Chatomorpha; then ii eveiy reaaon to suppotie that th?y occur, but have been overlooked. nORNUA miKWUt MCMVM. mVUMm MO. I B. coartccu Setohell. Setchell A Gardner, 1003, p. 280; CoUlw /, p. 404; P. B.-A., No. 830. Ucluelet, Maeoun. PHiEOPHYCae. Ptlaiblla UTTOKAU8 (L.) Kjellmui. Setchell ft Gardner, 1903, p. 236; P. B.-A., Nos. 171, 414. Eaquimalt, Harvey. A common and widely distributed species, appearing under many forms, of which we have the following:— Var. PIKMA forma macrocarpa (Foslie) Kjellman. Setchell A Gardner, 1903, p. 236; P. B.-A., No. 733; Victoria, Saun- ders; Departure bay, Macoun. Var. VAWA (Kjellm.) Kuckuck. Setchell ft Gardner, 1903, p. 238; P. B.-A., No. 689; Tilden, Centuries, No. 360, as P. varia. Victoria, Saunders; Port Renfrew, Tilden. EcTOCARPUs siLicuLOBUs (Dillw.) Lyngbye. Setch.U & Gardner, 1903, p. 237; Harvey, 1882, p. 139; P. B.-A., Nos. 819, 1386. Esquimau, Harvey. E. coNrxRvoiDEfl (Roth) LeJolis. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 237; P. B.-A., No. 871. Port Renfrew, Butler A Polley. Forma ACCUiNATtis Collins & Setchell. Setchell A Gardner, 1903, p. 237; P. B.-A., Nos. 1033, 1127. Victoria, Gardner; Departure bay, Macoun. Forma corticulatus Saunders. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 238; Ucluelet, Macoun. E. MUCRONATUS Saundcfs. Setchell & Gardner, 190rf, p. 238; Tilden, Centuries, No. 359b, as E. granulosus. Port Renfrev Tilden. E. GRANCL08U8 (Eng. Bot.) Agardh. Setchell & Gardner 1903, p. 238; Harvey, 1852, p. 141. Victoria, Macoun. E. oviger Harvey is a form of this species, fide type in Herb. Harvey. Sphacelaria FC8CA Agardh. On various small algae, locality unknown. Macoun. CoiLODESME cALiFORNicA (Rupr.) KjcUman. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 241; P. B.-A., No. I; Tilden, Centuries, No. 522, as Colpomenia ainuosa. Esquimalt, Setchell; Vic- toria, Saunders, Macoun; Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley, Tilden. MAura Aiam or tanoootu ibun d CoLromNiA tiNOOM (Roth) Derbet ft Solier. Setchell ft Oardner, 1903, p. 242; H»rvey, 1852, p. 118, na Atperoeowut iinuotua; P B...^jria atUnuala, Departure bay, Macoun; Port Renfrew, Tilden; probably common everywhere. Phyllitib rASciA (MUll.) KUts. Setchell ft Gardner, 1ut there in no other record of ita occurrence in the Pacific. Th* itpecimeii in Herb. Harvey is in bud condition and undeterminable. lOB VICTORIA MEMOHUL UVBKVU. BULLBTIN HO. I iu?r o.Trx*^'^"'''^''^ ^"^"«- Setchell 4 Gardner, lt.03 p 249; Harvey, 1852. p. 132; P. B.-A., Nos. 32, 924, 1689 as M. vulgare; Tilden, Centuries, No. 356, as Phycocelia fwcunda'. victoria, Tilden, on various membranaceous alga 1 Jl'-f''™oTo''xf' *"''°'*"'^ ^^-^ Areschoug. Setchell & Gardner, ]^'^oa % f-'^^'h^^^^' P- ^^^' ^' ^- '"*^^°««' P- B-A- Nos. WO 829. Victoria, Saunders; Departure bay, Macoun. Mesogloia ANDEH80NII Fariow. Setchell & Gardner, 1903 ?; , ?'/,/"^' ^°- ^2^- ^°^ ^e^rew, Butler & PoUey Ucluelet, Macoun. M. SIMPLEX Saunders. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 250- Tilden Centuries, No. 349. Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey' Gonzales point, Tilden. ^' Chordabia ABiETiNA Ruprecht. Setchell & Gardner, 1903. Til?' P ^•;^%^°- ^^^' ™'^''^' ^^°*"™^' No. 348; Victoria 1 Uden ; Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey. Carpomitra CABRERA (Clem.) Ktitzing. Setchell 4 Gard- ner, 1903, p. 252. Straits of Juan de Fuca, Harvey. Lyall'a collectmg is the only record for this coast. As the species occurs in Europe, New Zealand, and Japan, there is no reason to question the record. ^^^''^^^rT ^^^"'^^^ ^- ^- ^«"^''- S«t<^»^«" * Gardner, 1903, p. 253; Harvey, 1852, p. 130; P. B.-A., No. 419 De- parture bay, Macoun; a reduced form.' Chorda filum (L.) Lamouroux. Setchell & Gardner, 1903 p. 254; Harvey, 1852, p. 98; P. B.-A., No. 831. Straits of Juan de Fuca, McMillan. Common in the Atlantic but apparantly rare here and at its southern limit for the Pacific. Laminaria andersonii Fariow. Setchell & Gardner, 1903 p. 255; P. B.-A., No. IV. Amphitrite point, Macoun. L. BULLATA Kjellman, Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 257; P B.-A., No. XXIX. Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey, Tilden Appears under a considerable variety of forms, including— Forma sdbsimplex Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 257- Tilden Centuries, No. 239, as L. digilata. Esquimalt, Herb! J. G. Agardh. Forma angusta Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 257; P. B.-A., MARINll UAIM OF VANCOCTBB ISLAND 100 Forma AMPLissiMA Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 258; P.B.-A., No. LXXXIV. Esquimalt, Harvey, as L. dermatodea. Forma cuneata Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 258. Esqui- malt, Harvey, as L. dermatodea. The specimens in Herb. Harvey marked L. dermatodea include the tw* last named forms. L. SACCHARiNA (L.) Lamourov:. ?.;tcLc!l & Gardner, 1903 p. 261; Harvey, 1852, p. 92; I il.-A., No. X? ::il. Victoria,' Departure bay, Ucluelet, Mac. un. Variable, .ussing into the two following forms which occi r vith the typ cal form:— Forma complanata Setchell u. CarJ^.r, 1903. d. 262- P B.-A., No. LXXXVII. Forma membranacea J. G. Agardb. Setchell & Gardner 1903, p. 261. L. EPHEREMA Setchcll, 1901, p. 121; Renfrema parvula Griggs, 1906, p. 247; Tilden, Centuries, No. 609, as Renfrema parvula. Port Renfrew, Tilden. Hedophyllum sessile (Ag.) Setchell & Gardner, 1903 p 262; P. B.-A., No. VIII; Tilden, Centuries, No. 344, as Laminaria sessibs. Straits of Juan de tt'uca, Harvey, as L. apoda; Esquimalt, Satchell, Macoun; Amphitrite point, Krawn cove, Macoun; Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley; Victoria, Tilden.' Cymathere triplicata (Post. & Rupr.) J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 264; P. B.-A., No. XXXIII; Tilden, Centuries, No. 343. Victoria, Tilden, Macoun; E.squi- malt, Setchell. Pleurophycus gardneri Setchell & Saunders. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 264; P. B.-A., No. XC. Port Renfrew, McMillan. CosTARiA TURNERi GreviUe. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 265; Harvey, 1852, p. 90; P. B.-A., Nos. 631, XXXV. Victoria, Saunders; Esquimalt, Harvey; Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley; Amphitrite point, Departure bay, Macoun. Variable in texture, length of stipe and width of lamina. Agarum fimbriatum Harvey. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 2CC; P. B.-A., No. XCI. Esquimalt, Harvey. An interesting species, which seems to he limited to the Puget Sound region. Dictyoneuron californkum Ruprecht. Setchell & Gard- ner^l903, p. 267; P. B.-A., No. XI; Tilden, Centuries, No. 519. found" ■ '"'"■'"'* ^tcheli >» to be exoected, but no specimens have eo far been 110 VICTORIA MEMOBUL IIUSKCll. BOLXXTIN NO. I I Port Renfrew, Tilden; apparently the northern limit for this species. LE880NIOP8I8 LITT0RALI8 (Farlow & SetchcU) Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 267; P. B.-A. No., XXXVII; Tilden, Centuries, No. 342, all as Leasonia litloralia. Port Renfrew, Tilden, Butler & PoUey; Nos. 89, 90, on exposed rocks, Ucluelet inlet, Macoun. PosTELsiA PALMiEFORMis Ruprecht. SctchcU & Gardner, 1903, p. 268; P. B.-A., Nos. 131, XXXVIII. Straits of Juan de Fuca, McMillan; Krawn cove, Macoun. Apparently the northern limit for this species. Macrocystis pyrifera (Turn.) Agardh, Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 270; Harvey, 1852, p. 84; P. B.-A., No. XXXIX; Tilden, Centuries, No. 518. Esquimalt, Harvey; Victoria, Macoun; Port Renfrew, Tilden. Nereocystis luetkeana (Mert.) Postels & Ruprecht. Set- chell & Gardner, 1903, p. 268; Harvey, 1852, p. 85; P. B.-A., No. X. Esquimalt, Harvey, Macoun; Port Renfrew, Butler & Policy. Egbbgia MENZIE8II (Turn.) Areschoug. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 271; Harvey, 1852, p. 62, as Phyllospora menziem: P. B.-A., No. XCII; Tilden, Centuries, No. 236. Nootka sound, Menzies; Esquimalt, Harvey; Victoria, Tilden; Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley. Ptbrygophora califobnica Ruprecht. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 271; MacMillan, 1902, p. 723; P. B.-A. No. CVIII; Tilden, Centuries, No. 520. Port Renfrew, Tilden. Alaria marginata Postels & Ruprecht. Setchell & Gardner 1903, p. 275, also A. pralonga and A. laticosta; P. B.-A., No. XLIV, as A. lanceolata; A. curtipes Saunders, 1901, p. 561, PI. XXXIII. Esquimalt, Harvey; Victoria, Amphitrite point, Krawn cove, Macoun. Forma Nana (Schrader) nov. comb.; A. prcelonga forma nana Setchell in P. B.-A., No. 1292; A. nana Schrader, 1903. p. 157. A. GRANDiFOLiA J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p 278, as A. valida; P. B.-A., No. CV. Amphitrite point Macoun. MARimi UA3X OP VANCOUVEB ISLAND 111 A. TENUiPOLiA Setchell — forma amplior Setchell & Gard- ner, 1903, p. 274. Esquimau, Gardner. The A. pylaii of the Lyall collection belongs here, fide specimen in Herb. Harvey. Under this species should probably be included the plant from Port Renfrew, distributed by Miss Tilden in Centuries, No. 214b, as A. cordata. Fucus BVANE8CEN8 Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 281; P. B.-A., No. XIV. Common and variable; including: — Forma cornutus Kjellman. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 283 ; P. B.-A., No. 927. Esquimau, Gardner; Victoria, Macoun. Forma pergrandis Kjelhnan. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 284; P. B.-A., No. CXI. Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey; Vic- toria, Macoun. Forma macbocephalus Kjellman. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 282; P. B.-A., No. CX. Ucluelet, Macoun. Intermediate forms were collected at Departure bay, Macoun. F. iNFLATus (L.) Vahl. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 280. Another very variable species, including: — Forma linearis (Oed.) Rosenvinge. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 280. Departure bay, Macoun. Forma filiformis (Gmelin) Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 281; P. B.-A., No. 233, as Fucus filiformis. Ucluelet, Macoun. Forma edentatus (DelaPyl.) Rosenvinge. Setchell & Gard- ner, 1903, p. 280; P. B.-A., No. XIII, as Fucus edentatus; Tilden, Centuries, No. 234, as F. furcatus. Victoria, Tilden. Pelvetiopsis limit tchell) Gardner, 1910, p. 127. P. B.-A., No. 1238, as i astigiata forma limitata. Quat- rains, Macoun. Cystophyllum geminatum (Ag.) J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 285; P. B.-A., No. XLVII, as Cystoseiia kpidium. Janks island, Harvey; Port Renfrew, Butler «& Policy; Victorib., Ucluelet, Macoun. RHODOPHYCE^. Bangia fuscopurpurea Lyngbye. Setchell & Gardner, p. 288, as B. atropurpurea form^ copvrpurea; P. B.-A., Nos. 87, 1134; Tilden, Centuries, No. 333, as B. vermicularis. Port Renfrew, Butler & Policy, Tilden; Victoria, Saunders. Prob- 1 113 TicTORu mifOBUi. mmuM. bcllitim no. ably generally distributed. On a Ceramium from Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey, is a delicate form which may be a young state of this species, or may be distinct. Nothing being known of its development, no decision can be reached. PoBPHYRA UMBIUCAU8 Sctchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 289; P. B.-A., No. 1086. Victoria, Departure bay, Macoun. P. PEBFORAiA J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 239; Hus. 1902, p. 202; P. P. -A., No. 682. Esquimalt, Har- vey, ad P. vulgaris, fide specimen in Herb. Harvey; Departure bay, Victoria, Cape Lazo, Macoun; Port Renfrew, Butler 4 Policy. Apparently the most frequent species of the genus in this region; generally of the typical form, but occasionally pass- ing into, Forma sbgbeoata Setchell & Hus. Setcuell & Gardner, 1903, p. 290; Hus. 1902, p. 207; P. B.-A., No. 684. P. NEBBOCYSTI8 Andcrson. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 290; Hus. 1902, p. 210; P. B.-A., No. 583. Victoria, Macoun. P. NAiADUM Anderson forma ma.'OB Hub., 1902, p. 213; Set- chell & Gardner, 1903, p. 290; P. B.-A., No. 875. Victoria, Macoun. Forma minob Hus. 1902, p. 213; Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 290; P. B.-A., No. 632; Tilden, Centuries, No. 516. Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey, Tilden. The two forms, major and minor, represent extremes, between which there are interme- diates. There is no typical form distinct from them. P. ABY88ICOLA Kjcllman. Sfctchetl & Gardner, 1903, p. 291; Hus. 1902, p. 223. Victoria, Macoun. P. AMPLissiMA (Kjellman) Setchell & Hus. Setchell & Gard- ier, 1903, p. 290; Hus., 1902, p. 215; P. B.-A., No. XLIX (Nos. 45, 61) Amphitrite point, Ucluelet. Macoun. Specimens fragmentary and somewhat doubtful. P. MiNiATA forma cuneifobmis Setchell & Hus. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 291; Hus., 1902, p. 218; P. B.-A., No. 929; Tilden, Centuries, No. 230. Victoria, Tilden. P. VABiEGATA Kjellman. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 291; Hus, 1902, p. 225; P. B.-A., No. 930. Victoria, G. W. Lich- tenthaler. Ebtthbotbichia cebamicola (Lyngb.) Ares^houg. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 292; P. B.-A., No. 1641,. MARINX ALOiB OF YANCOirVKB ISLAND lis Amphitrite point, Ucluelet. (93.) Macoun. Chantransia moniliformis Rosenvinge, 1909, p. 99, fig. 28. Qualicum, Macoun. A diminutive form, even for this genus; specially characteriaed by the short, moniliform cells. It grew among other epiphytes on Polysiphonia subulata. C. HALLANDiCA Kyliu, 1906, p. 123; P. B.-A., No. 1796. This species as found in Europe /aries considerably; the Vjlu- couver form is not exactly like aay of the European forms but the differences are not sufficiently clear to justify a varietal or form name. C. Macounli n. sp. Caespitosa, monoica (intordum dioica?), ad 2 mm. alta, sine disco basali aut cellula distincta basali: filamentis rhizoideis affixa, inter fila peripherica planta hospitis currentibus; filamentis principalibus erectis, circa 8/1 diam.; cellulis circa 4 diam. longis; ramis principalibus similibus, paucis, longis, virgatia, ramulos multos, breves, saepe ad cellulas omnes rami gerentibus, alternates, oppositos vel secundos; ramulorum cellulis 1-1 J diam. longis; antheridiis ovoideis, 4 X 5;i, circa axes breves a ramulis surgentes, dense verticillatis; cystocarpio sporas 2-3, 10 x 15^, gerente, ramulo insidenti vel ramuli locum occupante; sporangiis carpo- sporis similibus, in ramos et ramulos, pedicello uni ellulari suffultis; sporis indivisis. Tufted, monoecious (sometimes dioecious?), up to 2 mm. high, without basal disk or distinct basal cell; attached by rhizoidal filaments, running between the peripheral filaments of the host plant; main filaments erect, about 8^ diam., cells about 4 diam. long; ma=n branches similar, few, long, virgate, bearing many short ramuli, often one to each cell of the branch, alternate, opposite or secund; cells of the ramuli 1-1 J diam. long; antheridia ovoid, 4 X 5^, densely whorled about short axes arising from the ramuli; cystoearp producing 2-3 spores, 10 X 15;j, on or occupying the place of a ramulus; sporangia similar to the carpospores, on branches or ramuli, on unicellar pedicel; spores undivided. On Mesogloia andertonii, Macoun. The antheridia were more abundant than the cystocarps in the material examined; in many individuals antheridia only were to be found, but plants with cystocarps bore also anthe- ridia. The descending rhizoidal filaments are few, and run )M TicTOBu MmomuL Munmi. bulletin no. parallel with the peripheral filaments of the host, barely enterbg the central layer. Even with the largest tufts, in full fruit, no filaments other than these were seen, either on the surface or in the interior of the host. The species seems neariy related to C. nemalionia (De Not.) Ardissone & Straforello, but is smaller in all dimensions and with much less developed endo- phytic portion, and the main filaments are densely set through- out with short ramuli; sexual organs are abundant in C. ma- counii, but unknown in C. nemalionis. SciNAiA TORCELLATA (Tum.) Bivona var undulata (Mont.) J. G. Agardh. P. B.-A., No. 422. Ucluelet, Macoun. Geudiuh AMAN8II Lamouroux. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 295; P. B.-A. No. 585; Tilden, Centuries, No. 513, as G. latifolium. Ucluelet, Departure bay, Victoria, Macoun; Port Renfrew, Tilden. Mostly much smaller plants than are found on the California coast. G. cniNALE (Turn.) J. G. Agardh. P. B.-A., No. 195. Vic- toria, Macoun. There is much uncertainty as to species of this genus, and it is likely that several species will some time be made from what now passes as G. crinale. Endocladia muricata (Harv.) J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 296; Harvey, 1853, p. 182; P. B.-A., Nos. 138, 882. Esquimau, Harvey; Port Renfrew, Butler & Policy; Sooke, Amphitrite point, Victoria, Macoun. Forma inermis, Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 297; P. B.-A. No. 1090. Esquimau, Harvey. Chondrcs affinis Harvey. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 298; Harvey, 1853, p. 181; P. B.-A., No. 424. Esquimalt, Harvey. Chondrus crispus (L.) Lyngbye. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 297; Harvey, 1853, p. 181; P. B.-A., Nos. 488, 785. Victoria, Macoun. Gymnogongrus norvegicus (Turn.) J. G. Agardh. Harvey, 1853, p. 166; P. B.-A., No. 381. (856?) On rocks, Ucluelet inlet, Macoun. This is the first record of this species on the Pacific coast; the specimens are quite indistinguishable from the plant as it occurs on both sides of the Atlantic. Irid^ea LAMINARIOIDE3 Bory. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, 298; Harvey, 1853, p. 179; P. B.-A., Nos. 91, XVI. Port MABim AU3M OF VANC0I7VBR MLANO 118 Renfrew, Butler A Polley; Victoria, Macoun. The typical form seems to be common at these stations. Forma parvula Kjellman. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 299; P. B.-A., No. 931. Departure bay, Macoun. Forma cordata (Turn.) Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 299; Harvey, 1853, p. 180, aa /. cordata; Tilden, Centuries, No. 328, as I. laminarioidea. Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley; Esqui- malt, Harvey. Forma punicea (Post. & Rupr.) Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 300; Harvey, 1853, p. 180, as /. punicea; P. B.-A., No. CXXII. Victoria, Departure bay, Comox, Macoun. Forma minor (J. Ag.) Setchell. Harvey, 1853, p. 179, as I. minor; P. B.-A., No. 587. Victoria, Macoun. This species varies much, and intermediate forms to which it is impossible to assign definite names are very common. GiGARTiNA MAMILL08A (Good. & Woodw.) J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 301 ; Harvey, 1853, p. 175. This species also varies much in the form of the frond; three forms may be distinguished with some clearness, but there is no reason to consider one of them more typical than the others. Forma vulgaris Harvey, 1862, p. 172; Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 302, as G. mamillosa forma disseda; P. B.-A., No. 427, as G. papillata forma disseda. Esquimalt, Harvey; Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley; Amphitrite point, Macoun. Forma latissima Harvey, 1862, p. 172; Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 301, as G. mamillosa forma cristata; P. B.-A., No. 426, ad G. papillata forma cristata. Esquimalt, Harvey; Port Ren- frew, Butler & Polley; Victoria, Sooke, Departure bay, Macoun. Forma subsimplex Setchell. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 302; P. B.-A., No. 425, as G. papillata forma subsimplex. Vic- toria, Macoun. G. EXA8PERATA, Harvcy & Bailey. Setchell & Gf rdner, 1903, p. 303; as G. radula var. exasperata; Harvey, 1853, p. 177, P. B.-A., No. XVIII, as G. radula forma exasperata. Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley; Victoria, Harvey; Departure bay. Cape Laze, Sooke, Macoun. Forma Microphylla (Harvey) nov. comb. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 303, as G. radula forma microphylla; Har- vey, 1853, p. 176, as G. microphylla; P. B.-A., No. XIX, as G. radula forma microphylla. Cape Lazo, Macoun. IM VICTOWA mSMOBUL MTBKXnf. BULUBTDf NO. I Ehtthrophtllum dklkbskbioides J. G. Agardh. Setchel! & Gardner, 1903. p. 303; P. B.-A., Nos. 50, 688; Tilden, Cen- turies, No. 504. Port Renfrew, Butler A PoUey, Tilden; Vic- toria, Macoun. Ahnfeldtia plicata (Huds.) Fries. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 305; Harvey, 1853, p. 168; P. B.-A., No. 743. Es- quimalt, Harvey; Port Renfrew, Butler A PoUey; Departure bay, Victoria, Brackley point, Macoun. A. coNCiNNA J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 305; Harvey, 1853, p. 168, as il. gigartinoides; P. B.-A., No. 430 Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley. Sterbocolax crassiob Schmitz. Setchell &, Gardner, 1903, p. 305. Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley; Brackley point, Macoun. Parasitic on Ahnfeldtia plicata. Callophtllis pubcata Farlow. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 306; P. B.-A., No. 883. Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley. C. laaniata Harvey from Esquimalt should probably be referred to this species. Forma disbecta Farlow Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 306- Tilden, Centuries, No. 325, as C. obtuaifolia. Port Renfrew! Butler & Polley, Tilden; Victoria, Macoun. C. PLABELLULATA Harvcy. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 306. Esquimalt, Macoun; Victoria, Lichtenthaler. C. VARiEQATA (Bory) Ktttzing. Setchell & Gardner, 1903 p 307. Esquimalt, Harvey. Calltmenia phyllophoba, J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gard- ner, 1903, p. 308; Tilden, Centuries, No. 324, as C. californica 'Vancouver island", J. G. Agardh; Port Renfrew, Tilden. Forma orbiculabis Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 308. Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley. C. OBNATA (Post. & Rupr.) J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 307. Departure bay, Macoun. C. RENiFOBMis (Tum.) J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 307. Esquimalt, Harvey. So many forms of CaUy- mema have been distinguished since Harvey's time, that there must be some doubt as to the determination of the Lyall plant. A specimen from Departure bay, Macoun, is quite like the C reniformia of the California coast. UAMNK ALOM OW VAMCOOTXR MLAND 117 AoARDHiELLA TBNBRA (J. Ag.) Schmits. Setchcll & Gardner, 1903, p. 309; Harvey, 1853, p. 154, as Rhabdonia couUeri; P. B.-A., No. 333, as Agardhiella coulteri. Esquimalt, Harvey; Victoria, Departure bay, Macoun. Cyttoelonium gracilarioidet was reported from Esquimalt by Harvey; the type specimen in Herb. Harvey proves to be AgaTdhiella Unera. Eucheuma nudum, as reported from this region, probably is a synonym. TUBNERILLA MERTENBIANA (Post. & Rupr.) Schmitl. Set- chell A Gardner, 1903, 309. Victoria, Harvey, as Iridea mertensiana; but there is s^^ibly some doubt as to this. Anatheca fdbcata S( ,ell & Gardner, 1903, p. 310, Plates XXIII, XXIV; P. B.-A., No. 932. Departure bay, dredged. Macoun. EuTHORA FRCTicuLosA (Rupr.) J. G. Agardh. Setcheli k Gardner, 1903, p. 311; Victoria, Macoun. <" • i^RiA coNrERVoiDEs (L.) Greville. Setcheli & Gardner, It . 312; Harvey, 1853, p. 108; P. B.-A.. Nos. 384, 1041. Esquimalt, Harvey; Departure bay, Macoun. The Departure Bay plant is a small form; the station is probably near the northern limit for the species. Fauchea lacinata J. G. Agardh. Setcheli & Gardner, 1903, p. 313. On rocks at low tide, Amphltrite point, Ucluelet, (155) Macoun. Rhodymenia palmata (L.) Greville. Setcheli & Gardner, 1903, p. 314; Harvey, 1853, p. 148; P. B.-A., No. 591. Esqui- malt, Harvey; Amphitrite point, Macoun. The plant from the latter locality is of the typical form, that from the former presumably so. Forma mollis Setcheli & Gardner, 1903, p. 315; P. B.-A., No. 934; Tilden, Centuries, N. 304. Esquimalt. Tilden; Amphit- rite point, Victoria, Macoun. Passes imperceptibly into the typical form. R. palmetta (Esp.) Greville. Setcheli & Gardner, 1903, p. 316; Harvey, 1853, p. 149. This is doubtful; it is reported by Harvey, and a specimen from Amphitrite point, Macoun, might very well pass for this species. Unfortunately it ia young and sterile; in this condition R. palmetta cannot' be distinguished with certainty from R. corallina. 248S3— 8 m TirromiA hiiiobui. mcucm. bullbtim no. R. coRALUNA (Bory) Greville. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 316. Straits of Juan de Fuca, Harvey; Ucluelet, Macouu. R. FLABKLuroLU Bory. Victoria, Macoun. This and the preceding species are not easily distinguished; moreover, in the sterile state both are hard to distinguish from Sknogramme itUerrupta. R. PSRTUBA (Post, ft Rupr.) J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gard- ner, 1903, p. 313; Harvey, 1853, p. 147; P. B.-A., No. L. Port Renfrew, Butler A PoUey; Victoria, Q>ialicum, Port Holmes, Macoun. Chbtbtmxnia psbcdodichgtoma Far'ow. P. B.-A., No. 139. A fragment without definite 'ocality. Macoun. LoMENTARiA OVAU8 forma suBARTicuLATA (Tum.) Harvey. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 316; Harvey, 1853, p. 78; P. B.-A., No. 433, as L. ovalia var. Cmdteri. "North Sound," Menzies; Ucluelet, Kavamos, Macoun. Plocamium coccinbum (Huds.) Lyngbye. Seichel! & Gard- ner, 1903, p. 317; Harvey, 1853, p. 153; P. B.-A., No. 994. Straits of Juan de Fuca, Harvey; Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey ; Departure bay, Comox, Sooke, Victoria, Macoun. P. vioL>-f;cM Farlow. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 317; P.B.-A., Nc :.»!. Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey; (211) Ucluelet inlet, Macoui.. Halooaccign glandiforue (Gmelin) Reprecht. Setchell 4 Gardner, 1903, p. 317; Harvey, 1853, p. 194; P. B.-A., No. 249, both as H. hydrophora; Tilden, Centuries, No. 511, as H.fucicola. Departure bay, Esquimalt, Macoun; Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey, Tilden. NiTOPHTLLUM RDPRECHTiANUM J. G. Agardh. Setchcll & Gard- ner, 1903, p. 321; Harvey, 1853, pp. 100 and 102, as Hymenena fitnbriata and Botryoglossum platcarpum; P. B.-A., No. 937. Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey; Departure bay, Ucluelet, Port Holmes, etc., Macoun. Forma flabelligebum (J. G. Agardh) Nott. Setchell 4 Gardner, 1903, p. 321. Departure bay , Port Holmes, Macoun. A conmon species and variable as well in the position of the fructification as in the size and form of the frond. MABIira AlOM OF TANCOmi UU..I no ,o?,' '^™»"'"»' Tbe report of C. canceUatum at Esquimalt, Harvey, has not been confirmed. lUBINI AUtlM or TANCOtrvlB ISLAND 127 Rhodochobton rothii (Turton) Nftgeli. SetoV \i & Gard- ner, 1903, p. 347; Harvey, 1853, p. 242, as Callitkamnion rothii; P. B.-A., No. 49. Victoria, Gardner. Gloiopeltis ftjrcata (Post. & Rupr.) J. G. Agardh. Set- chell & Gardner, 1903, p. 348; Harvey, 1853, p. 183; P. B.-A., No. 945. Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley. Gloiosiphonia cap'LLaris (Huds.) Carmichael. Harvey, 1853, p. 202; P. B.-A., Nos. 849, 1700. Departure bay, Am- phitrite point, Comox, Maeoun; Esquimalt, Harvey. The plants collected 'oy Maeoun from these stations agree with each other and with the Atlantic plant; this confirms Harvey's record, which was heretofore the only one for the Pacific. G. califomica (Farl.) J. G. Agardh, common from Washington to southern California, has not been reported from Vancouver island. G. VERTiciLLABiB Farlow. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 348; P. B.-A., No. 100; Tilden, Centuries, No. 205. Port Renfrew, Tilden. To this species should probably be referred Halymenia ligulata, from Esquimalt, of Harvey's I,yall paper. Abodes nitidissima J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 349 ; P. B.-A., No. 946. (121). Amphitrite point, Ucluelet. Maeoun, a single specimen only. Grateloupia CUTLERI.E (Binder) J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 349; P. B.-A., No. XCIX; Tilden, Centuries, No. 304. Victoria, Comox, Maeoun; Esquimalt, Tilden. G. PiNNATA (Post. & Rupr.) Setchell in P. B.-A., No. 947; Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 349. Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley. Prionitis lanceolata Harvey, 1853, p. 197; Setchell & Gard- ner, 1903, p. 352; P. B.-A., No. 199. This species pas.ses insen- sibly into the following, and most of the material from Van- couver island called P. lanceolata belongs under the narrow pinnate form of P. lyallii. A few specimens, from Victoria, Maeoun, agree with P. lanceolata of more southern regions. P. LYALLII Harvey, 1862, p. 173; Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 350. An extremely variable plant, as may be seen by the numerous forms recorded by Harvey and by Setchell & Gardner. What appears to be the typical form, Forma normalis Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 350, was col- lected at Victoria, Departure bay, Maeoun. ft 1 1 ■9.\\ 138 VICTORIA mnomiAL MDsnni. bullbtin no. i Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, Forma ornata Harvey. Setchell A Gardner, 1903, p. 351; P. B.-A., No. 949. Esquimau, Harvey, Gardner; Port Ren- frew, Butler & Polley; Victoria, Departure bay, Ucluelet, Macoun. Forma densibbima Harvey. Setchell A Gardner, 1903, p. 351 ; P. B.-A., No. 948. Esquimalt, Harvey, Gardner; Port Renfrew, Butler A Polley; Departure bay, Macoun. Forma oladiata Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 3£1; P. B.-A., No. XXV. Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley. The following forma from Harvey, 1862, could probably be picked out from any considerable collection, so variable are the plants, even from one locality. Forma lanceolata. Forma intermedia. Forma dilatata. Forma depauperata. Crtptonemia obovata J. G. 1903, p. 352; P. B.-A., No. 550. Amphitrite point, Ucluelet (208) Macoun. Cryptosiphonia woodii J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 353; P. B.-A., Nos. 449, 1049. Victoria, J. G. Agardh; Port Holmes, Macoun. The tetraspores in this plant vary much in the manner of division. Agardh describes them as cruciate, but with the reservation "nifallor";in the Port Holmes material they seem to be nearer to zonate. C. woodii and C. grayana cannot be maintained as distinct species, and the name C. woodii has the priority of position. PiKEA californica Harvcy, 1853, p. 246; P. B.-A., No. 897. Ucluelet, Macoun; Port Renfrew, Butler & Policy. Farlowia mollis (Harv. & Bail.) Farlow & Setchell in Set- chell & Gardner, 1903, p. 354; Harvey, 1853, p. 175, as Gigar- tina mollis; P. B.-A., Nos. 898, 1150. Fuca strait, Esquimalt, Harvey: Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley; Departure bay, Port Holmes, Macoun. Some forms approach quite closely to F. compressa J. G. Agardh. Sarcophyllis californica J. G. Agardh. Setchell & Gard- ner, 1903, p. 354; P. B.-A., No. 395. Port Renfrew, Butler & Polley. MAum ALQA or VAMCOnVBB IBLAND 120 8. PToifieA Setchell. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 365; P. B.-A., No. 396. Port Renfrew, Butler & Policy.' CoNBTANTiNBA 8UBOLIFERA Setchell, 1906, p. 11; Sctchell & Gardner, p. 356; P.B.-A., No. 950; Tilden, Centuries, No. 203; all as C. 8t(cAem«. Esquimalt, Victoria, Tilden; D.parture bay. Quatrains, Macoun. LiTHOTHAHNioN CALiFORNictiM Foslie. Port Renfrew, Yendo." L. RECLiNATUM Foslie. Port Renfrew, Yendo, as L. conchatum. L. MEDIOCRE Foslie & Nichols. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 359, as Melobesia zostericolum forma mediocris; P. B.-A., No. 29' » as M. amplexifrona. On Phyllospadiz, Port Renfrew, Yendo. L. MARGINATUM Setchell & Foslie. Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 359, as Melobetia marginata. On Laurenda pinnatifida, Departure bay, Macoun. LiTHOPHTLLUM MURiCATUM FosHe. Port Renfrew, Yendo. L. iNCRUSTANS forma orbictjlare Foslie. Port Renfrew, Yendo. L. VANCoiTVERiENSE Foslic. Port Renfrew, Yendo. Amphiroa cretacea (Post. & Rupr.) Areschoug. Port Ren- frew, Yendo. A. TUBERCULOSA (Post. 4 Rupr.) Endlicher, forma typica Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 361. Port Renfrew, Butler & PoUey, Yendo. Forma californica (Decaisne) Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 361. Fuca strait, Harvey, as A. californica. Port Renfrew, Yendo, as Cheilosporum californicum. Forma prondescens (Post. & Rupr.) Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 362. Port Renfrew, Yendo, as Cheilosporum frondescena. Forma planiuscula (Kutz.) Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. ^SchUymenia ealifomica Harvey is founded on Ly "a specimen from Eaquimalt. A plant agreeing with the description was collected at An.phitrite point (122) by Maruun. It is a question whether it is a good species, or should be placed under domething else. More study is needed. •The late Dr. M. Foelie made a special study of the crustaceous corallines, and described a very large number of species; the descriptions are contained in nearly 40 short papers; names of genera and species have been changed repeatedly in these P'pers; the general work in which he hoped to embody the result.s has not appeared; t ere can be given here only a list of the latest names used by him for algs from Vancouver island. 1 ,-r- lao ncTOBu MmoBui. MunuM. anxRiif no. i 363. Tilden, Centuries, No. 503, as Chrilotporum planiuaeidun. Port Renfrew, Yendo.' CoRALUNA oppiciNAUB L. fonns CBiLsiTBis (Decaisne) KOtzing, Port Renfrew, Yendo. Forma bobusta Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 365. Port Renfrew, Yendo, as Ckeilotporum macmillani. Forma multiramosa Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 360. Port Renfrew, Yendo, as C. vanconverensia. Forma aculbata (Yendo) Setchell & Gardner, 1903, p. 367- Port Renfrew, Tilden, as C. aculeata. Var. 8PATHUUFERA (Kfltz.) Ardissone, P. B.-A., No. 350. Macoun. The following table of geographical distribution indicates what species of Phaeophyceae and Rhodophycea (excluding Corallin- aceae) of Vancouver island occur also in the following regions:— (1.) The North American Pacific coast north of Vancouver island. (2.) The North American coast south of Vancouver island. (3.) The Asiatic Pacific coast. (4.) The North American Atlantic coast. (5.) The European Atlantic coast. The number of Vancouver species so occurring, and their per cent of the total Vancouver species are as follows: — Number. Percent Brown. Re formis + Macrocystis p^ rifera -|- ^ Nereocystis luetkeana -|- -j. Egregia menziesii + Pterygophora califomica + Alaria marginata ^ " grandifolia + " tenuifolia ^ 4. Fucus evanescens 4. 4. j. 1 " inflatus 4. ^ . Pelvetiopsis limitata 4. Cystophyllum geminatum + + + + + + tuuni Auam or rjoicmmm taLkm OlOOBAPBICAL DMTIIBDTION.— Conhfiwd. Rhodophyoeae. 12 3 4 5 Bangia fuscopurpurea -j- + ^ 4. Porphjrra umbilicalis 4. -j. 4. " perforata + -j. " nereocystis + 4. " naiadum 4. " abyaaicola 4. " ampliraima 4. 4. 4. " miniata 4. ^. 4. " variegata 4. -|- Erythrotrichia ceramicola + + + + Chantransia moniliformifl 4. " hallandica 4. " macounii Scinaia furcellata + -f. 4. 4. Gelidium aniansii + 4 " crinale 4. -j. ^ + Endocladia muricata + 4. Choadrus affinis 4- 4- " rrispus 4- + + + Gymnogongrus norvegicus + + Iridaea laminarioides + 4- Gigartina mamillosa -f. + 4. 4. 4. " exasperata -4- Erythrophyllum delesserioides.. + Ahnfeldtia plicata 4. + ^. ^ 4 " concinna 4- Sterrocolax crassior 4- -f Callopliyllis f urcata + flabellulata + " variegata -f- 4- CalljTnenia phyllophora + + " omata + + " reniformia + + 4. Agardhiella tenera -f- 4- Tumerella mertensiana + -|- Anatheca furcata 248»-9 IM V,/^DIUA MmoiUL MTtlBVII. ■rtUfTIll wo. I r,i:o(.aAPmcAL oitTRiavnoN. — Contintud. Rh dophvcese — Con. 12 3 4ft Euthom fru i ' ■ iiloaa + + Oracil -i.^"!if-.lu + •' p< r(ns . -f- -f. HaloBfl" ion gl .11 -T>e -f. -j. + Nitopiiyilam ruproohti.aiuin. . . . + + " lat'ssinum + " violaceum + " spectabile + Scbiioneura quercifolia , + Erythroglossum woodii Apoglossum decipiens + + Pteridium Berratum + + " alatum + + + + + Bonnemaisomia hamifera + + + PolysipboDia urcpolata + + + + ** tenuistriata + ** nigrescens + + ** subulata + + + Laurencia pinnatifida + + -f- + Janczewskia verruciformis + + Pterosiphonia plumula + " bipinnata + + + " parasitica + + " woodii + Lophosiphoniti villum + + " obscura + + + Rhodomelalycopodioides + + + + MAMOn thOM OV TAMCOrvn ISLAND OBooBArncAi, munaavnon.—ConHmitd. Rhodopbyceae-^T-Coii. 12 3 4 8 Rhodomela iarix + + + Odonthalift floccoaa -f -f 4. lyallli + + ** kamtacbatica + + ** aleuUca + " Minicoatata -f Oasyopaia plumoaa + ^ Qriffithaia achouaboei + ^ Pleonoaporium vancouverianum Callithamnion polygpermum -^ Ceratothamnion pikeanum + + Ptilota filicina -}- 4. " hypnoidea + " caUfomica + ^ Antitbamnion floccosum -f- + -f ^ " pylaisaei + + " aubulatum Platythamnion heteromorphum. + Ceramium rubrum + -f- -j- ^. 4. ** tenuiaaimum + -f 4- 4. " atrictum -\. + " oalifornicum + " codicola + -|- Microcladia borealis + + + " coulteri + " califoraica + Rhodochorton rothii + -}- -j- -|. Gloiopeltis furcata + -f. Gloioeiphonia capillaris ^ -f. ^ " verticillaris + A^-odes nitidissima -f. Grateloupia cutleria + " pinnata.. + Prionitis lanceoiata.. + " lyallii + Cryptonemia ohovatfl,, + 34853— 9i "8 I ' "-I , I VICTOBU MmORUL MUSBUM. BULLniN KO. I GEOGRAPHICAL DtSTBIBUTION— Concltlded Rbodophyceae — Con. 12 3 4 Cryptosiphonia woodii + -f Pikea calif omica -|. Farlowia mollis + Sarcophyllis califoraica -f + " pygmaea + Constantinea subulifera -J- UST OF WOBK8 TO WHICH REFERENCE 18 MADE. Collins, F. S. 1909. The Green Algae of North America. Tufts College Studies (Scientific Series) Vol. II, p. 79. Gardner, N. L. 1910. Variations in nuclear extrusion among the Fucaceae. Univ. of Calif. Publ., Bot., Vol. IV, p. 121. Griggs, R. F. 1906. Renfrewia parvula, a new kelp from Vancouver island. Postelsia, p. 245. Harvey, W. H. 1852. Nereis Boreali-Americana, part I. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Vol. III. Harvey, W. H. 1853. do., part 2, Vol. IV. Harvey, W. H. 1858. do., part 3, Vol. X. Harvey, W. H. 1862. Notice of a collection of Alga made on the Northwest coast of North America, chiefly at Vancou- ver island, by David Lyall, Esq., M.D., R.N., in the years 1856-61. Free. I.inn. Soc, Bot., Vol. VI, p. 157. Hooker, J. D., & Harvey, W. H. 1844. Flora Tasmanica. Hus, N.T.A. 1902. An account of the species of Porphyra found on the Pacific Coast of North America. Proc. Calif. Aca I. Sci., Scr. 3, Botany, Vol. II, p. 173. Kylin, Harold. 1906. Zur KentnisK einiger schwedischen Chantransia-Arten. Uppsala. Leavitt, Clara K. 1904. Observations on Callymenia phyll- ophora J. Ag. ?Iinn. Bot. Studies, Series 3, p. 291. MacMillan, (^onway. 1902. Observations on Phyllophora. Minn. Bot. Studies, Series 2, p. 723. Petersen, H. E. 1908. Danske Arter af Slaegten Ceramium. Kgl. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrifter, Series 7, Vol. V, p. 41. i N MABim AhOM OF VANOOUm IBLANS m Rosenvinge, L.-Kolderup. 1909. The Marine Alga of Denmark. Parti. Kgl. Dansk. Fidensk. Selsk. Skrifter, Series 7, Vol. VII, No. 1. Saunders, De A. 1901. The Algae, in Papers from the Har- riman Alaska Expedition. Proc. Washington Acad., Vol. III. Schrader, H. F. 1903. Observations on Alaria nana. Minn. Bot. Studies, Series 3, p. 157. Setchell, W. A, 1901. Notes on Algse, II, Zoe, Vol. V. Setchell, W. A. 1906. A revision of the genus Constantinea. Nuova Notarisia, Series XVII. Setchell, W. A. & Gardner, N. L. 1903. Alga of North- western America. Univ. of Calif. Publ., Bot., Vol. I, p. 165. Yendo, K. 1901. Corallina verae of Port Renfrew. Minn. Bot. Studies, Series II, p. 711. i ! .11. Canada Geological Survey Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 XIV. — New Species of MoUtisks from the Atlantic and Pacific Coasts of Canada. By Wu. H. Dall and Paul Bartsch. During the summer of 1910, collections of shells were made at Slddegate, Queen Charlotte islands, B.C., by Mr. W. Spread- borough, and on the coast of Nova Scotia by Mr. C. H. Young, of the Survey. The doubtful species of these two collections were submitted to us for examination by Prof. Macoun, and in the course of determination of the species, several were found to be unde- scribed. It was quite unexpected to have a new species from the Nova Scotia coast which, during the last half century, has been pretty thoroughly explored. Among the ir..eresting things not new to science is Mangilia crebricostfUa Carpenter, from Skidegate, hitherto represented only by a badly worn, unique specimen from Neahbay, Wash- ington. From Nova Scotia come Crenella faba Fabr., a locality about the southern limit of the species; PundureUa prinupa Mighels, which has long been confounded with the European P. noachina Linn4; Campeloma deciaa Say, from Green bay, where it had, of course, been washed into the sea from some freshwater source; the rare TriduAroTpis conica Meller, and Ptychatractua ligatus Mighels. The drawings of the species figured are by Miss Evelyn Mit- cheU. 3 *«► TICroBIA WUiOIUAL MUBBUll. BCIXETIN NO. I Mangiliaz ckebricostata Carpenter. Plate X, fig. 3. Shell slender, fusifor-n, white, with a brown band on the anal /asciole, and another a little in front of the periphery, the latter most conspicuous on the last whorl; nucleus smooth, imtiaJ part very small, the apex flattened, the whole nucleus of about two whorls, followed by five and a half sculptured whorls; axial sculpture of (on the last whorl fifteen) uniform, flexuous, low, rounded ribs, attenuated on the fascicle, undu- latmg the suture between the eariier whorls and rapidly becoming obsolete on the base of the last whorl; spiral sculpture of fine stnae on the fasciole, in front of it sharp grooves with wider interspaces which at first are threadlike, later flattened, and on the last whorl are reduced to rather close-set, feeble, fine spiral striae; suture appressedr anal notch feeble; canal short, straight, with no siphonal fasciole; aperture narrow, elongate; outer lip thin, sharp; pillar lip smooth, white, polished! attenuated at the canal; operculum absent: Length of shell 12 mm.; of last whori9-2mm.; of aperture 60 mm.; maximum diameter of shell 4-25 mm. In sand, between tides, at Skidegate inlet, Queen Charlotte islands, B.C., collected by W. Spreadborough, in 1910. This species was described by Carpenter, in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History for January, 1865, though the nude name had been printed earlier, in his supplementary report to the British Association on the Mollusca of the West Coast of North America. The unique type is in the collection of the U.S. National Museum and has never been figured. It is a beachwom shell with a decollate spire, and with the fine sculp- ture of the surface entirely removed by wear, so that it appears smooth except for the axial ribbing. It should not have been named without better material. However, after some study, the fresh shells collected by Mr. Spreadborough seem to be of the same species and differ only in their better state of preserva- tion. As the shell has never been fully described or figured, a description and figure arc now supplied for the benefit of students. Another form named by Carpenter from Neah. NKW 8PXCIK8 or MOLLUBKS 141 bay, at the same time, is positively unrecognizable, even the genus can not be determined of the so-called "Daphnella" tffuta Cpr. The animal of M. arebricoatata is whitish, except a little brown stain on the siphon and a pair of very conspicuous black eyes almost at the tips of long slender subcylindric tentacles. There is a marked indentation mesially on the duplex anterior edge of the foot. There is no trace of an operculum. TVBBONILLA (Pyrgiscs) HECUBA, new species. Plate X, fig. 6. Shell elongate-conic, yellowish white. Nuclear whorls, at least two, depressed helicoid, having their axes at right angles to the succeeding turns, in the first of which they are about one- third immersed. Post-nuclear whorls flattened in the middle, gently slopingly shouldered at the summit, moderately rounded toward the sutures, marked by moderately strong axial ribs, which are almost vertical on the first six whorls, while on the last two they become decidedly retractive. Of these ribs, 22 occur upon the second, 24 upon the third, 26 upon the fourth and fifth, 28 upon the sixth, 36 upon the seventh, and 48 upon the penultimate turn. The intercostal spaces upon the early whorls are about equal to the axial ribs in width, while on the last turn they are a little less wide than the ribs. In addition to the axial sculpture, the whorls are marked by strong, inter- rupted, spiral lines, which appear as pits in the intercostal spaces. Of these, five occur between the sutures on all the whorls but the last. On this, the one on the shoulder becomes split. Of these incised spiral lines, the first is on the middle of the shoulder, while the third is on the middle of the whorl, the second being a little nearer the third than the first. The space between the first and second appears as a low raised cord. The space between the third and fourth is almost double the width of that enclosed between the second and third, while the space between the fourth and fifth is equal to, or a little greater than, that between the fir.st and second. These incised spirals pass up on the side of the axial ribs bu*^ do not cross them. 'I * t t It ' 'I 142 TICTOBU mMOIUL WOMMUM. BULLanN NO. I i" ( ■ Sutures strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl well- rounded. Base short, well-rounded, marked by the very feeble continuations of the axial ribs and six strongly incised spiral lines which become successively closer-spaced from the peri- phery to the umbilical area. The space enclosed between the last two spiral lines shows a very slender incised thread. Aper- tures moderately large; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip (fractured); columella strongly curved, slightly revolute and somewhat reflected over the base. The type which is in the collection of the Dominion Geo- logical Survey was dredged by Mr. Young in 19 fathoms at Barrington Passage in Nova Scotia. It has nine post-nuclear whorls and measures: length 61 mm., diameter 1-8 mm. OooBTOMiA (Evalba) cassandba, new species. Plate X, fig. 2. Shell small, ovate, very thin, semi-transparent, light yellow. Nuclear whorls deeply immersed in the first of the succeeding turns. Post-nuclear whorls very strongly, tabulately shouldered at the summit, moderately rounded, marked by fine incre- mental Unes, and numerous exceedingly closely spaced, very fine, spiral striations. Sutures strongly constricted. Periphery of the last whori well-rounded. Base rather long, well-rounded. Aperture very large, broadly oval; posterior angle decidedly obtuse; outer lip very thin; inner lip very slender, very obUque, somewhat sinuous, strongly curved, and slightly reflected, pro- vided with a weak fold some little distance anterior to its in- sertion. Two specimens, cotypes, of this species were dredged at Skidegate. One of these has four post-nuclear whorls and mea- sures: length 2-5 mm., diameter 1-3 mm. One is in the collec- tion of the Dominion Geological Survey; the other is Cat. No 220120 in the U. S. N. M. mw apBcns of moixcsu Odostomu (Etalba) ctpsia, new species. Itt Plate X, fig. 4. Shell of medium size, narrowly elongate-ovate, umbilioated, yellowish white (Nuclear whorls decollated.) Post-nuclear whorls rather high between the sutures, moderately rounded, very feebly shouldered at the sununit, marked by fine lines of growth and numerous exceedingly fine, closely-spaced, spiral striations. Sutures very slightly constricted. Periphery of the last whorl very rounded. Base moderately long, well-rounded, narrowly umbilicated. Aperture broadly oval, effuse anteriorly; posterior angle obtuse; outer lip thin; inner lip oblique in front, slightly curved and reflected, with the margin free, provided with a very deep-seated feeble fold at its insertion; parietal wall covered with a thick callus, which renders the peritreme complete. The unique type, which was dredged by Mr. Spreadborough at Skidegate, is in the collection of the Dominion Geological Survey. It has five post-nuclear whorb and measures: length 4 mm., diameter 2 mm. Odostomia (Evalea) hypatia, new species. Plate X, fig. 5. Shell large, elongate-ovate, strongly umbilicated, yellowish white. Nuclear whorls deeply immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, above which only the tilted edge of the last volution projects. Post-nuclear whorls well-rounded, feebly shouldered at the summit, marked by fine incremental lines and numerous exceedingly fine, closely-spaced, spiral striations. Sutures moderately constricted. Periphery of the last whorl inflated, well-rounded. Base moderately long, well-rounded, openly umbilicated. Aperture oval, effuse anteriorly. Pos- terior angle obtuse; outer lip thin; columella very oblique, slender, ciuved, and decidedly reflected, not reinforced by the base, provided with a moderately strong fold a little anterior to its insertion; parietal wall glazed with a thin callus. i 144 VICTOKU mMORUL MUUnm. BULUTIN MO. » H « tl The unique type of this species, which is in the collection of the Dominion Geological Survey, was dredged by Mr. Spread- borough at Skidegate. It has six poet-nuclear whorls and measures; length 5-2 mm., diameter 2-8 mm. Odostomu (Evauba) skideoatbnsib, new species. Plate X, fig. 1. Shell elongate-conic, yellowish white. Nuclear whorls com- pletely immersed in the first of the succeeding turns, above which only half of the last turn projects. Post-nuclear whorls very slightly rounded, feebly shouldered at the summit, marked by incised spiral Imes, which are much stronger on the first two volutions than on the remaining. Of these lines, ten ap- pear upon the second turn. On the last, they are reduced to exceedingly fine striations. Sutures moderately constricted. Periphery of the last whorl decidedly inflated and feebly angu- lated. Base somewhat prolonged, moderately rounded, marked by fine, closely spaced, spiral striations. Aperture large, oval; posterior angle acute; outer lip thin; inner lip strong, moder- ately curved, and partly reflected over and appressed to the base, provided with a strong fold at its insertion. Sever. ;pecimens of this species were dredged at Skidegate: three at Sta. 5. which may be considered cotypes; two at Sta. 4, and two at Sta. 1. Of these, two of the cotypes are in the Dominion Geological Survey, and one in the U. S. N. M., Cat. No. 220116; of the other two lots, one from each station is in the collection of the Dominion Geological Survey and the U. S. N. M.: the cotype figured has five post-nuclear whorls and measuris: length 3-4 mm., diameter 1-6 mm 14S \l iMS^m. Explanation or Platb X. ;. MociMiM (Atta) (Mmlauu, MW ipMiw; ootypa; length: 3-4 mm. Th* rtrr Am iniisl ittiauoM h»r* bMa otnittod ia this Sgure. a. (MottoMM (Asfai) Minii*». Biiw vmIm; ootypa: length: 25 mm. The Am ipinlftriatiaai have bew omitted kthia Bgare. t. Mm^Oa enbrieotif Cupeater: length: 120 mm. 4. (Meeloiiiie (AwIm) eyprie, mw neoiee; tjpfe; length: 4 mm. The BneipinI ■tmtioai have been omitted in thie fli«e. 5. (MeetodMa (AmJm) tnwMa, aew ipedaa; ijrpe; length: 8-2 mm. The fine aiial itriatioai have beaa omitted in thb figure. I. TaAeeilie (iWiwM) ik«ea6a, new ipaeiae; type; length: SI mm. '■i e*i lit V*,-T= Mil IttM- t it. t)w 1^ U); Pi* • i% po^t-nuileur whnrU hu-i T i « nijii. •ft ejK'! II = ■iT whoHa f»OT»' :r '::', ■i3r*.'"- f JC OTAJS to HOITAMAJIza III* two vi>i . . ,,..!,,, -I "filuccMi f!. \ »*«f »»«rf .aoiji- If. Uiiii tbrf •inn -kirh-K-, ViCrOBU ¥lMOMM. MOHUM Bduhim No, I New .Species of Moltiuka. ! si: Canada Geological Siinrey Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN N«. 1 XV. — HydroidH from VaucmivKT Itland. By C. McLban Fbabbr. This report on th»> Vanc< 'iv.r Itibnd Hydroids contains nothioK essentially new, witli the ( \( wlard*'. The basis for the report is the material already workofi ip for tho pjipcr on "The Hydroids of the west ro.i.'-* oi North America", published in May 1911, as a Bulletin irv.w tiio laboratories oif natural history of the State University of Iowa. The purpose of the report is simply to pi t in one list all the species that have been collected from the coasts of Vancouver island and to give, where possible, some notes as to their habitat, etc., that may be useful to anyone collecting hydroids in these waters. No one realizes more fully than the writer does, that this list represents hut very poorly the hydroid fauna of the district, but everything must have a beginning, and what has been done already will form a basis for future work. Judging from the luxuriance of the specimens obtained from the west coast of the Island and on northward to the Queen Char- lotte islands, I am firmly convinced that some systematic dredging would bring to light a hydroid fauna which would equal in richness that of any other coast. Nor is it necessary to stop at Queen Charlotte islands, as the work that has been done oflf the coast of Alaska gives an indication of how rich the fauna is in that region. Between Vancouver island and the mainland at all points are conditions quite different from those 148 ▼icTOBU miioiui. iiTmn7>i. buixbtdi no. i ;:i on the open coast, but in many cases no less suitable for many fonns of marine life. The islands are so numerous that there is a great extent of shore line with all varieties of exposed and sheltered, blu£f headlands and sloping beaches. Best of all are the areas in the larger straits and bays at the termini of the narrow channels where the tide-rip brings such an abundance of food supply for all sorts of marine forms. To give one iUustration: in Northumberland strait at a point about 5 miles southeast of Nanaimo, Dodds narrows enters it from the west, while Gabriola island forms a boundary to the east. At low slack tide Dodds narrows seems a rather insignificant p»8sage, but when the tide turns and rushes through it must be a powerful boat that can make headway against it. In a small area in the strait at or near the mouth of the narrows, over 20 species of hydroids were obtained in a couple of hours' dredging. Such situations abound in the Gulf of Georgia. The work has only been started but it promises well. If at some time in the near future the Department of Fisheries could see its way clear to equip and man a boat to do such work as the "Albatross" and the "Fishhawk" have been doing and are domg for the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, there need be no lack of opportunity for doing good work. If such were carried out, it would not be long before the number of species of hydroids reported would be many t'f. es the present number. The collections that have een reported on are as follows: (1) Some shore forms collectcu by the writer at the Minnesota Seaside Station, in the summer of 1903. (2) Material collected by Rev. G. W. Taylor, on a trip to Queen Charlotte islands and other points to the north of Vancouver island, previous to 1908. (3) Collections made at Departure bay in 1908 and 1909. These consisted of shore forms near the laboratory on the mainland, and on the various islands near by, of forms dredged right in the bay between .he station and the outer islands and some dredged farther out, outside of Newcastle island and over towards Gabriola island. (4) Collections made chiefly by dredging in Northumberland strait, at the entrance to Dodds narrows and reported in the West Coast paper as from Dodds narrows. (5) Sou.e shore material collected by Mr. Joim Macoun at Victoria in 1908. (6) Collections made by Dr. A. BTOSOnM FBOM TANCOUTBB ISLAND 149 G. Huntsman and by Messrs. Macoun, Spreadborough, and Young off Amphitrite point near Ucluelet in 1909. (7) Material collected off Queen Charlotte islands by Mr. Spreadborough in 1910. In giving the names of the species I have made no attempt at giving synonymy, but instead have referred to the page in the paper on the West Coast Hydroids where the synonymy may be obtained. VANcomrEB Island Htdroids. Endocbtpta HUNTSMAN! Fraser.— (p. 19). The generic name Crypta was at first used for this species, but later it was found that the name was preoccupied in both the MoUusca and the Coleoptera and notice of the change was published in Science Vol. XXXV, No. 893. Feb. 9, 1912, p. 216. It would be of interest to investigate further the life history of this species. Its habitat, so far as I am aware, is entirely unique. The location in which it is found seems a very suitable one for obtaining a food supply, while the fact that so many colonies were found would indicate that their presence was not a matter of accident. If one could only find out how much of the life cycle was passed within the branchial basket of the ascidian it might give an indication of the way in which these colonies are implanted without being injured in any way by the ascidian. I knew nothing about the species until within a few dajrs of my departure, hence though I got a good many colonies they were almost all obtained in the one day, and were all within a comparatively narrow range of development. The ascidians containing the specimens were all obtained by dredging in the shaUow water near the station, principally be* tween Brandon island and the mainland and seldom in more than 7 or 8 fathoms of water. Syncobtne uibabilis (Agassiz). — (p. 21). This species has not been reported from Canadian waters from the west coast unless Agassiz' reference from the Gulf of Georgia applies. In the material collected by Mr. Spreadborough at Queen Char- lotte -.Inlands there were numerous specimens growing on Gar- veia annulata. ISO ncTOMA laBMOBUL IIUBBUM. BVLLBTIN NO. I .»H. •'ri Gabvbia anmclata Nutting.— (p. 22). Some small speci- mena were obtained at Port Renfrew. They were growing on a sponge attached to the surface of overhanging rock just below extreme low water. Those collected at Ucluelet were grpwing on a sponge also. Mr. Spreadborough obtained some excellent specimens, much larger than the others, at Queen Charlotte ishinds. Pbbioonimus REPEN8 (Wright).— (p. 24). Only a few speci- mens were obtained growing on small gastropod shells in the deep waters of Departure bay in about 15 or 20 fathoms. EuDBNDRiUM CAUFOBNicuu Torrey.— (p. 24). Some speci- mens were found at Port Renfrew, attached to the rocks at low tide. Those obtained at Ucluelet were finer specimens. Htoractinia AGQBiiOATA Fniser.— (p. 26). The gastropod shells on which thes>> specimens were found, were dredged near the rocky ledge in front of the laboratory, in from 5 to 8 fathoms. Htdbactinia ifiLLEBi Torrey.— (p. 27). Fairly common at Port Renfrew; found growing over colonies of encrusting bry- oaoa. These mt'-sses can be chipped off readily bringing the colonies of Hydraclinln with them. TuBULABiA cBOCEA ( Agassiz) .— (p. 27). Some specimens growing on a piece of stick were obtained in some material col- lected by Mr. Taylor at Port Simpson. ToBULABiA HABBiMAM Nutting.— (p. 28). One lot of fine specimens was obtained at Port Renfrew. Campanularia dbnticulata Clark.— (p. 29). Somewhat common on the laminaria growing in the shallow water to the east of the station. Campanularia exigua (Sars).- (p. 30). A few specimens were found growing on Garveia annulata, in the Ucluelet ma- terial. Campanularia orcenlandica Levinsen.- (p. 31). As pre- viously stated, but one specimen was found, this growing on Lafeea gracillima at Port Renfrew. Campanularia kincaida Nutting.— (p. 31). There was but one representative of the species, from Dodds narrows. In this case as in the previous one the individual specimen was in such good condition that there was no difficulty with the diag- nosis. HTDROIOB FBOIf VAMCOtTVBB ISLAND 161 Campanulabia rakidentata Alder.— (p. 32.) Specimens from Departure bay and from material obtained by Mr. Taylor, from the Queen Charlotte islands, were found growing on fucus holdfasts. Campanulabia ubcbolata Clark.— (p. 33). Apparently very abundant at Queen Charlotte islands, as, in the material collected by Mr. Taylor as well as that collected by Mr. Spreadborough, the colonies growing over other hydroids were numerous. It was quite plentiful in the Dodds Narrows material, growing on Abietinaria filicula and at Port Renfrew on Eudendrium califor- nieum. Caupanclabia verticillata (Linnaeus).— (p. 33). The best specimens were obtained by Mr. Taylor from Queen Charlotte islands; those from Dodds narrows were badly broken up and there were not many of them. Campanulabia volubilib (Linnaus).— (p. 34). Rather scarce in both Banks Island and Ucluelet material. Clttia edwabdsi (Nutting).— (p. 34). Abundant, growing on the laminaria t shallow water east of the station m the bay. EucoPELLA bvebta (Clark).— (p. 37). At Port Renfrew this species was growing on a small stalked ascidian and in Departure bay on laminaria in company with Serttdarella turgida. GoNOTHTBiEA cLARKi (Marktanner-Tumeretscher).— (p. 37). This species and Clytia edwardsi are the commonest of the Cam- panularian species in the Departure Bay neighbourhood. This does not signify that they are found together. Clytia edwardsi is found almost entirely on laminaria within the bay; Gonothyraa clarki is found growing on the smaller algae in tide pools in more exposed locations, e. g. on the outlying rocks at the east and the west of the entrance of Hammond bay. Obelia bobealis Nutting.— (p. 38). Plentiful in the Ucluelet material. Obelia dichotoma (Linnaeus).— (p. 38). Not very plentiful in Departure bay. Specimens obtained from Newcastle island. Obelu dubia Nuttmg.— (p. 38). Not common though found in small quantities at Ucluelet, Dodds narrows. Departure bay, and later at Queen Charlotte islands. Obelia obiffini Calkins.- (p. 39.) But one colony found at Departure bay. 24853—10 1! 1^ 163 VICTORIA MmOBUL MUnUM. BUIXBTIM MO. I Obbua lonoibsiha (Pallas). — (p. 39). A few specimens from Departure bay, some from Dodds narrows in poor condition and some from the material from Banks island. Obbua plicata Hincks. — (p. 39). Not common, but a few good specimens were obtained by dredging near the rocky ledge in the bay. Caltcella PTGMitiA Alder. — (p. 41). Common in Departure bay and Dodds narrows. Caltcblla 8TBIN0A (Linnxiis). — (p. 42). Plentiful in the material from Banks and Queen Charlotte islands. In my former paper I discussed these two species at some length. Since that paper was written I have had the oppor- tunity of studying material from many localities along the Atlantic coast only to find that the same differences exist there as here. The difference in size seems to be rather definite, but it seems strange when so many specimens of the smaller form have been found that the gonosome has never appeared, while it is commonly found with the larger form. Until a gonosome is found with the smaller or imtil its life history is further worked out than it is at present, it is impossible to say whether or not it is a distinct species. For the present, on account of the difference in size, it seems better to retain the two specific names. CcBPiDELLA HUMiLis (Alder). — (p. 44). Common on Lafcea- graeillima dredged outside of the main entrance to Departure bay, 25 fathoms. LovENELLA PBODCCTA (Sars). — (p. 44). Few specimens growing on serpulid tubes in material dredged in Dodds nar- rows. Halecicu annulatum Torrey. — (p. 46.) Growing on algse at Port Renfrew and Dodds narrows and on stalked ascidiaus at Ucluelet. Haleciuu denscm Calkins. — (p. 47). Excellent specimens of this species were obtained from Port Renfrew at low tide, and from Ucluelet at a depth of 30 fathoms. Haleciuh halecinuu (Linnseus). — (p. 47). A single colony dredged in 10 fathoms at Ucluelet. Halecium wabhingtoni Nutting. — (p. 50). A few speci- mens were dredged at Dodds narrows. BTDIOIOB !BOM TANOOUVBB ISLAND IM Halbcicji WIL80NI Calkins.— (p. 49). Many fine specimens were dredged in Ships channel, Barkley sound, in 25 fathoms., Grammabia IU1ISB8A Nutting.— (p. 61). A fine large speci- men was obtained at Dodds narrows by dredging. Lakea ddmosa (Fleming).— (p. 51). Common everywhere from below low tide mark to the depth of the deepest dredgings made (about 30 fathoms). Found in materials from Banks island, Departure bay, Dodds narrows, Ucluelet and Port Renfrew. Laixea gbacillima (Alder).— (p. 62). Found as plentifuUy and under much the same conditions as the preceding, in all the localities mentioned except Banks island. Abietinaria abietina (Linnteus).— (p. 67). Common in dredged material but not a shore form. Found at Banks island, Departure bay, Dodds narrows, and Ucluelet. Abietinaria amphora Nutting.— (p. 68). Several fine speci- mens, loaded with gonophores, were obtained near low-tide at Ucluelet and Port Renfrew and one specimen was dredged at Dodds narrows. Abietinaria anguina (Trask).— (p. 68.) Found in shallow water at Port Renfrew and Ucluelet. Abietinaria filicula (Ellis and Solander).— (p. 60). Some specimens were obtained by Mr. John Macoun along the shore at Beacon Hill Park, Victoria, and some were dredged at Dodds narrows. Abietinaria greenei (Murray).— (p. 61). One of the very common species on the Vancouver Island coasts. It does not seem to thrive where the water is at all foul but where the water is clear it may be found growing in large clusters under over- hanging rocks or in crevices often near the low tide mark but sometimes at a mi-.ch greater depth. The finest specimens were obtained from Port Renfrew and Ucluelet, but others were found in Departure bay and Dodds narrows. Abietinaria tbaski (Torrey).— (p. 63). Somewhat common in dredged material in Departure bay and Dodds narrows. The stem is slender but rather rigid and the relatively short branches break off from the stem rather easily, hence it is not always a simple matter to get a perfect specimen. 24853-10) i IM TICrOSU lOMOBIAL MCUCM. BDUjmM NO. I • N Abiktinaria vabubilib (Clark).— (p. 65). Obtained only from material collected from Queen Charlotte ialands. DiPHASiA CLABiG FHwer.— (p. 64). Only a couple of speci- mens from Queen Charlotte islands. Htdralliianla DI8TANS Nutting. — (p. 65). Common at Ucluelet in 9 fathoms and in Dodda narrows at the same or greater depth. Selaoinopsis ctlindrica (Clark).— (p. 66). Found only in material collected oflf Queen Charlotte islands. Selaoinopsis mibabilis (Verrill). — (p. 66). Specimens from material dredged in Northumberland strait, 20 fathoms. Selaoinopsis pinnata Mereschkowsky.- (p. 66). One fine colony was obtained from Queen Charlotte islands. Sertulabella conica Allman. — (p. 68) Found in shallow water growing on small worm tubes at Ucluelet and Port Ren- frew. Sebtularella tbicuspidata (Alder). — (p. 71). Common in the dredged material in Departure bay and Northumberland strait. Sebtulabella tubqida (Trask).— (p. 71). Most widely distributed Sertularian on the Vancouver Island coasts. It grows in the shallow water, even up to low tide mark, as well as in deep water. It was collected at Ucluelet, Port Renfrew, Victoria, Northumberland strait, and Departure bay. The short stiff colonies with the large hydrothecs are readily re- cognised. Sbbtulabia furcata Trask.- (p. 72). Some especially fine colonies of this species were obtained by Mr. John Macoun at Ucluelet. They were growing on small nereocystis stems and in each case formed a complete coat for some inches along the stem. Thuiaria aroentea (Linnaeus). — (p. 75). This was not previously reported but was found in the material collected off the Queen Charlotte islands by Mr. Spreadborough. Thuiaria dalli Nuttmg. — (p. 75). Common about Depart ure bay at low tide, especially at the northwest end of New- castle island and on some of the smaller islands. It has been obtamed as well from Northumberland strait and Ucluelet. BTDBOIOS mOM VANCOUVKB MUkND 188 Thuiabu fabsicii (Leviiuen).— (p. 76). Rare, found only in Northumberland strait. Thuiaru sihilib (Clark).— (p. 77). Commonly dredged in Departure bay and Northumberland strait in 10-26 fathoms, but not so common here as in the San Juan archipelago, TuuiARiA THUJA (Linnaus).— (p. 78). Two specimens were obtained in material from Banks island. Aglaophenia struthionides (Murray).— (p. 80). Very common around the south end of the island from Victoria to Ucluelet but not observed north of Victoria on the east side of the island. The large clusters of long symmetrical plumes make this species one of the most conspicuous as well as the most beautiful of the hydroid forms in this region. Plumclaria goodei Nutting.— (p. 82). A few specimens of this delicate little plumularian were found near low water at Port Renfrew. Plvuularia lagenifera Allman.— (p. 82). This is the commonest plumularian in the region, While Aglavphenia ttrtUhionides seems to have reached its northern limit near the southern end of the island, Plumularia lagenifera extends much farther north. Specimens were obtained by Mr. Taylor at Hope island and many specimens were obtained from De- parture bay and Northumberland strait. Much the finest specimens were obtained from Ucluelet. Plumclaria falueri Nutting.— (p. 84). A few specimens were obtained at Ucluelet. ■II t Canada Geological Survey Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 XVL — Hydroids from Nova Scotia. By C. McLkan Fbaser. The material for this report was collected in distant locali- ties, at times some distance apart. Much of it was collected by the n-riter in the neighbourhood of Canso, the extreme eastern point of thv-^ mainland, in the summer of 1902, when the Marine Biological Laboratory was located temporarily at that place; the remainder was collected by Mr. John Macoun, in the neighbourhood of Barrington Passage at the extreme southern end of the peninsula, in the summer of 1910. At Canso, the numerous old wharves and piles afford good collecting ground within the harbour. There are numerous islands in the vicinity, but as their shore line consists usually of hard smooth granite, comparatively few species are to be found. In Chedabucto bay, by dredging in from 20 to 50 fathoms of water many fine specimens were found, but the bottom is so rough and rocky that dredging is rather a slow process, and conditions are very similar near by in the open Atlantic. A good opportunity was afforded for getting some fine specimens from the Codbanks. Cod fishing was carried on in about 45 to 50 fathoms with the trawl lines. Very often the trawl hooks brought stalked ascidians or pieces of rock to which were attached specimens of hydroids. Taking everything into consideration, therefore, the conditions gave variety enough to obtain some interesting specimens. At Barrington Passage, the specimens were obtained from shallow water to a depth of 5 fathoms. Mi TicrowA MmomAL iiuMnii. aouBriN wo. i Of the 60 tpecUm reported, two are new, vii., Campantdaria maftiifieaMd VryjMaria triaerialii- Three other», Campanu- laria gramlandica, Lafaa tymm^riea, nnd HaUeium minvtum h»ve not previoiuly been reported from the east coMt of North America. My thanks are due to ProfesFor Nutting for bis aseisUnce in this as well as other hydmid work I hn .-e done, and to m> wife who hati made the drawings, Stbtbjiatk; Discvbsion. No family or genus has been uefined in this paper because, with the exception of the Genuh ''ryplolaria, they have been defined in my West Coast paper, and are here used with the ■ame significance. With regard to the genus mentioned, there has been no disagreement among the authors who have used it. In the synonymy I have given the original reference for the species in eacii case, and besides this, when possible, some references to papers dealing with localities not very far distent. It is for that reason that Prof. Nuttmg's paper on the Woods Hole region appears so often, and also that of J, F. Whiteaves, although the latter gives no definitions and little synonymy. Full descriptions of several of the species appear in two of my own papers that are ^ill in manuscript, vis: "Some Beau- fort Hydroids," being published by the U. 8. Bureau of Fish- eries, and "Some notes on New England Hydroids" being published in a Bulletin from the Laboratories of Natural History of the State University of Iowa. nmt NOVA HOTu iM CtArmm. Oraua Clata. ClaVA UBPTOtTTLA Agftnu. Ckan ItpUHtyla AgMria, Cont. Nat. Hitt. U. 8., Vol. IV. 1862. p. 218. Clnva Uptoityla Verrill, Invert. An. of Vineyard mund. 1874. p. 328. Clava lept09tyla Nutting, Hydroidi of Woodi Hole. 1901. p. 321. Clava lepiottyla Whiteaves, Marine Invertebrates of Eastern Canada, 1901, p. 18. On piles of the wharves and on stones, at or near low water> not very abundant. Canso. BOUOAINVILLIOA. Genus Bouoainvillu. BocGAiNTiujA CAR0LINEN8I8 (McCrady). Hippoereru eartdinenait McCrady, Gymn. of Charleston har., 1857, p. 62. Margelia cttrolinennt Agassis, Cont. Nat. Hist. U. 8., Vol. IV, 1862, p. 344. Margelia earolinennB Verrill, Invert. An. of Vineyard sound, 1874, p. 733. BougainviUia earolinenaia Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 330. On rocks at low water, Grassy island, Canso. Not previously reported from Nova Scotia. I MidlOCOPV RKOUniON TBT CHART (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2) I.I 1^ ■« 1^ ■ 2.2 I I 2.0 1.8 11-25 lllllii A TIPPLED IIVMGE In T653 East Main Street Rochester. New York 14609 USA (716) 482 - 0300 - Phone (716) 288- 5989 - Fo« v-cgjj' IM TiciDmu MmomuL umanH. bulutim no. EUOXNDRIDA. Genus Eudendbium. EtJDBNDBIUlI DI8PAR Agassis. Eudendrium diapar AgassiB, Cont. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. IV, 1862, p. 285. Eudendrium diapar Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 332. Eudendrium dispar Whiteaves, Marine Invert, of Eastern Canada; 1901, p. 20. Collected by Mr. John Macoun, in 5 fathoms, Barrington EcDENDRiUH BAHosuM (Linnsus). Tubularia ramoaa Linnaeus, Systema Natune, 1758, p. 804. Eudendrium ramosum Hincks, British Hydroid Zoophytes, 1868, p. 82. Eudendrium ramosum Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 332. Eudendrium ramosum Whiteaves, Marine Invert, of Eastern Canada, 1901, p. 19. One specimen on a Buccinum shell, dredged in 45 fathoms, Chedabucto bay, Canso. ECDENDRIUH TENCE A. Agassiz. Eudendrium tenue A. Agassiz, North American Acalephs, 1865, p. 160. Eudendrium tenue Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 333. Eudendrium tenue Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 20. Plentiful on mussel shells, near low water in the harbour. Canso. HTDBOIDS FBOM NOTA BCOTU 181 HTDaACTINIOJI. Genus Htdractinia. Htdbactinu echinata (Fleming). Alcyonium echinatum Fleming, British Animals, 1828, p. 517. Hydractinia echinata Hincks, British Hydroid Zoophytes, 1868, p. 23. Hydractinia pdyclina Agassiz, Cont. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. IV, 1862, p. 227. Hydractinia polyclina Nutting. Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 335. Hydractinia echinata Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 21. Common on Littorina shells inhabited by hermit crabs and on small stones, at low water in the harbour, Canso. CoBTHORPHIDiE. Genus Cortuorpha. COBTMORPHA PENDULA Agassia. Corymorpha pendula Agassiz, Cont. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. IV, 1862, p. 227. Corymorpha pendula Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 337. Monocaulis glacialis Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 21. Two specimens dredged from muddy bottom at a depth of 50 fathoms, in the Atlantic at the entrance to Chedabucto bay, Canso. ■tfi' Its VICTOBIA MmOHIAL MTSBUM. BXTLUBTIN NO. I TuBCLARIDiB. Genus Ttbdlabu. TuBULABiA CBOCEA (Agassia). Parypha crocea Agassiz, Cont. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol, IV. 1862. p. 249. Parypha crocea Verrill, Invert. An. Vineyard sound, 1874. p. 390. Tubularia crocea Nutting. Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 340. Plentiful on mussel shells attached to piles and on rocks ir shallow water, in the harbour, Canso. TuBtJLABU T..ABTNX Ellis and Solander. Tubularia larynx E. and S., Nat. Hist, of Zoophytes, 1786, p. 31. Tubularia larynx Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 338. Tubularia larynx Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eas'^m Can. 1901, p. 20. Collected at a depth of 4 fathoms, by Mr. John Macoun. Barrington Passage. TUBULABIA TENELLA (Agassiz). Thamnocnidia teneUa Agassiz, Cont. Nat. Hist. U. S., 1862, p. 275. Tubidaria teneUa Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901. p. 339. Tubularia teneUa Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 20. On mussel shells below low water mark, on exposed shores, Canso. HTDB0I08 FROli NOVA SCOTU 163 CAUPANULARIDiB. Genus Caupanularia. Caupanularu amphora (Agassiz). Laomedea amphora Agassis, Cont. Nat. Fist. U.S., IV, 1862, p. 311. Campanxdaria amphora Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, IMl, p. 347. On mussel shells under Hart's wharf, and on rocky coast, Canso. Caupanularu flexuosa (Hincks). Laomedea flexuosa Hincks, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 3rd ser. VIII, 1861, p. 260. Campanularia flexuosa Hincks, British Hydroid Zoophytes, 1868, p. 168. Campanularia flexuosa Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 348. Campanularia flexuosa Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can,, 1901, p. 22. One of the most abundant hydroids on the coast, found grow- ing everywhere at or near low water, on rocks, seaweeds, etc. I «« * Cahpanulauia Gr(enlandica Levinsen. Campanularia gramlandica Levinsen, Meduser, Ctenophorer og Hydroider fra Groenlands Vestkyst, 1893, p. 26. Several specimens of this fine species were found growing on Sertularella tricuspidata attached to the stalk of an ascidian, brought up by a trawl hook from a depth of 50 fathoms on the Canso Banks =" the Atlantic, 7 or 8 miles east of Canso. This species ) »ot been reported previously from the east coast of North America, south of Greenland. IM VICroUA MBMORtAL MCSBUM. BDLLCTIN NO. 1 Campanvlaria MAQNincA new 8p< "ies. Plate XI, figs. 1-3. Trophosome. Colonies consisting of solitary individuals grow- ing from a stout stolon which is not annulated but may be slightly sinuous. The hydrothecae are very large, as much as 2- 5mm. m length and with greatest width about 0-8mm. They are nearly tubular with a tendency to be slightly urceolate. The margin is slightly flaring, is crenulated with 10 or 12 elevations and depressions. A series of parallel lines pass down vertically from the margin for about one-third the length of the hydrotheca. The pedicels vary much in length but never exceed twice the length of the hydrotheca. They are annulated throughout. Gonosome. The gonangia are very lai^e also. The male and female are simibr i size and shape, somewhat longer than the hydrothecae and also broader at the greatest diameter. The gonangium is supported on a very short pedicel, is almost oval in shape except that the distal end is drawn out into a long bottle-neck. The aperture is circular, occupying the whole of the distal end. A few corrugations, low and not very noticeable, are present on the broad proximal portion. Distribution. Several specimens, in close company with Halecium tenellum, attached to a stalked ascidian, were brought up by a trawl hook from a depth of 50 fathoms on the Canso Banks. The trophosome of this species bears a j^reat resemblance to that of Campantdaria spedosa Clark'. Prof. Nutting had some of Clark's original specimens from Shumngin islands, Alaska, and by using those I was able to make a comparison of the two. The hydrotheca is more urceolate in C. spedosa than in C. magnifica and the stolon is distinctly annulated, but in other respects they are very similar; when the gonosome is present there is no difficulty as the obconical gonangium of C. spedosa bears little resemblance to the elongated gonangium of C. magnifica. I have made a drawing of C. spedosa from a Shumagin If'and specimen, showing the hydrotheca and the gonangium to the same scale so that the two species may be compared (See Plate XI, fig. 4). •Clark, 8. F. Alukan Hydroids, 1876, p. 24. BTDROIDB FKOtt NOVA SCOTIA Campanularia nkglecta (Alder). 165 Laom^dea negleeta Alder, Cat. Zoop^. NorthumhTbnd and Durham, 1857, p. 33. Campanularia negleeta Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 346. Growing on Obelia commiasuralia under the wharves, Canso. Campanularu verticillata (Linnaeus). Sertularia verticillata Linnaus, Systema Naturae, 1758, p. 811. Campanularia verticillata Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 347. Campanularia verticillata Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 22. On rocks brought from a depth of 50 fathoms, east in the Atlantic and in Chedabucto bay, Canso. Campanularia volcbilis (Linnseus). Sertularia voliMha Linnaeus, Systema Naturte, 1767, p. 1311. Campanularia voluMlia Verrill, Invert. An. Vineyard sound, 1874, p. 408. Campanularia volubilia Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 345. Campanularia voluhilia Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 22. On bryozoan, collected by Mr. John Macoun in 5 fathoms, Barrington Passage; on stalked ascidians and on Sertularella tricuspidata growing on these stalks, in 50 fathoms, Canso Banks. Genus Clytia. Clttia joHNSTGNi (Alder). Campanularia johnatoni Alder, Cat. Zooph. Northumb. and Durham, 1857, p. 36. Clytia bicophora Agassis, Cont. Nat. Hist. U.S., IV, 1862, p. 304. Clytia bicophora Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. at6. T IM nCTOKIA MCMOBIAL MC8IUM. BCLLITIN HO. I Clyixa johnatoni Whiteavea, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 24. In shallow water, Barrington Passage; abundant on mussel shells and on Obelia commiaauralia under wharves and elsewhere near low water in the harbour, Canso. Genus Eucopella. EUCOPELLA CALICCLATA (Hincks). Campanvdaria caliculata Hincks, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 2nd ser. XI, 1853, p. 178. Clytia poterium Agassis, Cont. Nat. Hist. U.S., IV, 1862. p. 297. CampaniUaria poterium Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 344. Campantdaria caliculata Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 23. Rather common on seaweed at about 20 fathoms, off the islands between Chedabucto bay and the Atlantic, Canso. Genus GoNOTHTBieA. GoNOTHvitEA oRAciMS (Sars). Laomedea gracilia Sars, Beretning om en aoologisk Reise i Lofoten og Finmarken, 1851, p. 18. Gonothyrcea gracilia Allman, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 3rd ser. XIII, 1864, p. 374. Gonolhyraa gracilia Verrill, rroc. Am. Assn. Adv. Sc, 1874. p. 364. On tangle of Tubularia crocea, in shallow water, Canso; in shallow water, Barrington Passage. GoNOTHYB^A LovENi (Allman). Laomedea loveni Allman, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 3rd ser. IV, 1859, p. 138. Gonothyrcea loveni Allman, Ann. and Mag., 3rd ser. XIII, 1864, p. 374 Gonoihyfoea loveni Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole. 1901, p. 352. On red algs in 20 fathoms, Chedabucto bay, Canso. RTDROIDB FBOM NOVA 8COTU Mr Genua Obelia. Obelu COMM1880BAU8 McCiady. Obelia commiBsuralU McCrady, Oymno. Charleston har., iBoo, p. 95. (^lia commismralis Netting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, IttOl. p. ooO. ' Obelia commiBmralis Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., ivUl, p. 23. The commonest campanularian of the region; on rocks, piles, seaweeds, etc., at or below low water, Canso. Obelu dichotoua (Linnasus). S^^ria dichotoma Lmnaus, Systema Natune, 1758, p. 812 Obelta dichotoma Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. .oS"*"" f c^o'o^ Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., Common on Laminana, at and below water, Canso. Obelia oeniculata (Linnaus). Plate XII, figs. 1 and 2. Sertularia geniculata Linnaus, Systema Natura, 1767 p 1312 Obelia geniculata Ni.tting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p! '"'-^ves. Marine Invert. Eastern Can., Obelia geniculafr 1901, p. 23. In 3 fathoms, ' seaweeds, on pile Some abnormal t , -^ Passage; on laminaria and other -ow water, Canso. ^.. ... tens cf this species were found growing on Lemargus margilia-a. copepod, parasitic on a sunfish (Mola mo/a), caught in Chedabucto bay. In normal specimens, the hydrothecffi appear in regular alternation to give the regular gemculate appearance of the stem. The gonophores appear in the axils, bemg regularly disposed but not in any way affecting the geniculation of the stem. In this case the gonophores take the place of the hydrothecje, making up a portion of the regular gemculate arrangement, and do not appear in the axils. 2«i3— 11 ' H »' f! -it v.- »- 'Si 168 TICTOUA MIMOBUL MrnVII. •CUJtnN NO. 1 '•'•1. ■•Wl: Campanclinidji. Genua CALTCStLA. Caltcslla stumga (LiniuBUB). Sertularia tyringa Limueus, Systenift Nature-, 1767, p. 1311. Calycetta ayringa Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 356. Calycdla tyringa Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 23. In shallow water, Harrington Passage; abundant on Sertu- larella triattpidata from 60 fathoms, Canso Banks. Genus Opbrci7L.\bella. Opcbcclabblla liACERATA (Johnston). Campamdaria laeerata Johnston, British Zoophy tes, 1847, p Opereularelia laeerata Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 354. ^ ^ On the rocks at low tide, Fox island, Chedabucto bay, Canso. HALICIOiC. Genus Halxcivu. Halscicm bbani (Johnston). Thoa beani Johnston, British Zoophytes, 1847, p. 120. HaUeium beani Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 358. In 5 fathoms, Barrington Passage; in 50 fathoms, Canso Banks. Halecium minutum Bboch. Plate XII, figs. 3, 4. Halecium mimUum Broch, Nordmeer gesammelten Hy- droiden, 1903, p. 4. On ascidian stalks from 50 fathoms, on the Canso Banks. Since Broch first described this species there has been no further report of it where the diagnosis was certain. Broch, ■TDIIOIM moM NOTA tCOTU Ml liiroaelf, in his paper on Arctic Hydroida' mentioM a specie* that he takes to be the same but he is not sure as he did not find the goDoaome. Later Kramp' for the same reason could not be sure of the specimens he found. All of these specimens were found in the Arctic or Subarctic regions. There was -not such trouble in the case of the specimens found at Canso as the gonophores were numerous. When they at fr.ment they are so large and conspicuous that they must be observed before the trophoeome is. The trophosome bears so much resemblance to that of H. tenettum that they are hard to distinguish from each other. When the gonosome is present such a mistake could not be made as the gonangium of H. tninutum may be as much as 3 mm. in long diameter and not far from that in short diameter. The thickness is not so great, so that alto- gether its shape somewhat resembles the shell of a bivalve. The arrangement of the teeth or spines around the margin at the distal end gives it a unique appearance among the gonangia of the Halecide. The gonangium of H. muricatum most nearly resembles it, but is not more than one-fourth of the sise and it is spiny on the flat surfaces as well as on the margin; while that of H. minulum has but few spines on the margin and none on the flat surfaces. The figures show the relatively small stem and the very large gonangium. Halbcicm mxtbica^uh (EIUs and Solander). Serttdaria muricatum E. and S., Nat. Hist. Zooph., 1786, p. 59. Hclecium muricatum HiNCi^ British Hydroid Zoophytes, .868, p. 223. Halecium muricatum Whiteaves. Marine Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 25. On ascidian stalks from 50 fathoms on the Canso Banks. A few specimens, well supplied with gonangia, were collected. Haleciuu TENELLuy Hincks. Halecium tenellum Hincks, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 3rd ser. VIII, 1861, p. 252. ■Die Hydroideo der Arktischen Heere, 1909, p. f? 'Report on the Hydroida of the Denmark Expr- Aoa, 1911, p. 370. 248fi3-U) 170 ncTOlUA MBMOMAL MDURTM. BVIXITIt,- NO. Halteium UneUum Nuttino, Hydroidi of Wooda Hole, 1901, p. 357. Common on awidurn items in 50 fathomi of the Caqm Banlu. "t, f,. LAItllOii. Genus Cstptolaru. Crtptolabu tbiberialu new species. Plate XIII, figs. 1 and 2. Trophoaome. Stem fascicled, very coarse. No complete colony was obtained. The largest fragment was 4 cm. long and 0-8 mm. in diameter. There were several large branches given off from the main stem. On the stem the hydrothece are not numerous; they appear singly or in opposite or 8ulM>pposite pairs, each with about the distal half free. On the branches, where they are free from fasciculation, the hydrothece are nearer together, arranged in three series, two making such a wide angle with each other that tlMeduwr, Ctenophorer oc Hydroider lis OroanUiKU Vaitkyft, 1803, p. 11. ■TBWMM rwni NOYA aCOTU 171 Genua Filellum. FlLBLLCM KXPANBVM LevinMi). t'ileUum expantum Lbvinbbn, Hydroider fra Groenlands Veatkyst, 1803, p. 30. Common in shaUow water, growing on other hydroidi, Barrington Pasaage and Canso. This species seems very common all the way down the coast as far as Beaufort, N.C. A description of the species con- taining an original description of the coppinia mass has been given in a paper, "Notes on New England Hydroids" mentioned in the introduction of this paper. FiLELLVH SERPENS (Hassall). Campanularia aerpena Hassall, Trans. Micro. Soc, III, 1852, p. 163. Retieidaria aerptna Verrill, CheckliHt, i870, p. 79. On SertuUireUa pdyioniaa from 50 fathoms, Canso Banks. Genus Grammaria Graumaru abietina (Sars). Campanularia abietina Sars, Nyt Mag. for Naturvidensk, bd.6, 1861,p. 139. Grammana robuata Stimpson, Marine Invert, of Grand Manan, 1854, p. 9. Orammaria abietina Whiteaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Cun., 1901, p. 28. Dredged from rocky bottom in 20 fathoms, near the shore in Chedabucto bay, Canso. Genus Lafcea. Lafcea duhosa (Fleming). Sertularia dumosa Fleming, Edin. Phil. Jour., II., 182;, ,\ 83. Lafoea dumosa Nutting, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 355. Lafcea dumosa Whiteaves, Marino Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 24. Dredged from rocky bottom in 20 fathoms, Chedabucto bay, Canso. I m VICTOHIA MUIOBIAIj mTSKUM. BVLLITIM MO. I Lafcea FBCTIC08A Sars. LafaafnOicoaa Sabs, Norake Hydroider, 1862, p. 30. Lafcea fruHcoaa Vbbbill, Checklist, 1879, p. 17. Dredged from rocky bottom in 20 fathoms, Chedsbucto bay, Canso. Laf(ea obacilliha (Alder). Catnpanularia graeiUima Aldeb, Trans. Tynes. Nat. Field Club, 1857, p. 39. Lafcea graeiUima Nottino, Hydroids of Woods Hole, 1901, p. 356. Lafcea graeiUima Whitbaves, Marine Invert. Eastern Can., 1901, p. 24. On rock brought up by trawl hook from 50 fathoms, Canso Banks. Lafoba stmuetbica Bonnevie. Lafcea symmetrica Bonnevie, Den Norske Nordhavs Expedi- tion, 1899, p. 64. Lafaia symmetrica Billabd, Exped. Sc. du "Travailleur" et du "Talisman," 1907, p. 176. Dredged from rocky bottom in 20 fathoms, Chedabucto bay, Canso. This species has been reported only from Norway by Bonnevie and from Cape Spartel by Billard. J&derholm makes it synonymous with L*. .anotvmaib W iuodm aoitmth'unmm Vkmma Mhmwui Munch Bournii Na t IM Pun XI H. Hydroidi o( Nova Sootia. Clara A Fnuer, del. After C. II. F. i\ -I J IM Explanation of Plati XII. fita. I utA t. ObtUtjmtUull: CotoayihOTriacabaormalpoaitiaaaftlMaoaMcia. '^ I r ' V UaUrium mimtmo. Portim titm of eoioay inowiiw tropboMOM Md lb«iiAe>(k)B abaat lOjdUiiicton. 881 .W4 • IIX aTAJ^ ^0 SIOITAMAjqx3 o])9if.>k>nniJiaoqlarnion((«Bniw(id8YiiobD .stoliniioQtiiVtiiO .S bns I .Hgi'i biui smoeodiiuit saiwoila '(<'<'lo3 ■<> nui^ioH .mvlunim muns^W .i baa E " .muijinanoa ,isi9iotnaib'JK luods aohaDdiiq^M MUIORIAL HUUCM BcumN No. 1 Hydroidi o( Nova Scotia. Clara A. Frater, itl. AfUr C. U. F. m 185 Explanation or Platb XIII. R». 1. Cri^olttrit Irifriali*. NoD-lueielad partioa (d • bnach. 2. Partioii of main stem. If acaifiostioa about 20 diamaton. ttl r. •S«.| CO .'ill ■■(II 41- -ii .IIIX 3rrAJ*I lO KOITAKAJlXa .risjiaid « to noiJioq bshioiwl-noV: .MiDm»n> Biio\o»qipO .1 .si'-T .tn»jB ni«ai to nuinoH .s; " .eist9m«ib OS tinxls aoitoailiiWiM VicroBu MmoauL Mumcu BuLumN No. 1 186 Plate XIII Clara A. Franer, del. After C. M. F. Hydroids of Nova Scotia, "ill Canada Geological Survey- Victoria Memorial Museum BULLETIN No. 1 XVII.— rAe Anhaology of Blandford Totmahip, Oxford County, Ontario. < By W. J. WiNTBIIBEBQ. Location and Area. Blandford township, Oxford county, Ontario, lies in the fer- tile farming country— about midway between Lakes Huron, Erie, and Ontario— in the cleared forest region, the St. Lawrence lowlands, and within the western part of the Inniuoian linguistic area, this region being occupied hy the Neutral Indians, the westernmost tribe of the Iroquoian stock, when the early French missionaries arrived. This township is bordered on the north by Wilmot township, Waterioo county; and on the east, south, and west by Blen- heim, East Oxford, and East Zorra townships respectively, all of Oxford county. It is 12 J miles from north to south, and its greatest width is 8 miles. Physical Features. The topographical features are somewhat regular throughout the township, but a few high hills are encountered in the eastern lots of concession X. In the central portion of the township there is considerable light, sandy soil, and much of the land, especially that surrounding some of the lakes, is low and marshy. The land contiguous to Lockhart lake is of a hilly character, mainly composed of what is known locally as "blow" sand with 24S53-12 m VICTORiA MCMOIIUL UCUXTN. lirLLaTIN NO. I Nil) very little humiu. H«r« the principal timber was pine and other conifers. The country in the northern part of the township and lietween concessions I and III was once largely covered with deciduous trees. Geologically the rock formation of this district belongs to the Comiferous period. Outcrops of limestone occur in the bed of the river Thames opposite Innerkip. However, very little of this limestone was utilized by the aboriginal inhabitants of the district, who used watcrworn fragments occurring in the drift or local f^ravel beds. The river Thames, bordered by high banks in several places, forms more than three-fourths of the western boundary of the township. Homer creek, having its source in East Zorra 'o the west, enters the township between conrcssions XI and XII. Numerous smaller streams traverse other part.*. In the central portion there are several small lakes. One or two small dry lake beds occur in the eastern part of the townsliip, and these no doubt were open lakes at no very remote period. Long, low- lying stretches of land between all the lakes and dry beds indi- cate that these were formerly connected by streams. Hagey lake is the only one surrounded, or partly surrounded by high banks. Acknowledgments. Having studied the archasology of this township and partly completed a survey and map of the archwological features of the surface in continuance of the survey of Blenheim township wliich I made for the Provincial Museum in 1902,' and of my studies of other neighbouring townships, I was enabled to com- plete this surface survey !■> locating tveuty-tliree habitation sites, four burial sites, and many surface finds in the autumn of 1912, as archaeological field-worker of the Canadian (Jeologica! Survey. I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness especially to Messrs. Jolm, Frederick, and Edwin Mitchell, James E. Hewitt, George A. Smith, and James Skillings. 'Vi'iiili'inliirn, W. J.. "Archa.-olo(ry uf Blenheim Township," ()nt.irioArclm.'i>l )- gioul neport for 1902, pp. 58-70. AncHMoumi or ■LANoroiiD towniiiip, ont. MS LoDQE OR House S»te8. The sites of prehistoric houswi or lodges in this township arc indicated hy circular spots on t'l. fields, made up of blaclcened soil. These spots are from about 10 to 20 feet, or more in diameter. The usual fire-burnt and broken stones and blackened soil due to decayed orR-inic matter, mixed with burned material, are always present in the sites. No artifacts are found in the lodKe sites, but they are found in the unblackened soil surrounding them. The fire-burnt and cracked stones no doubt mark the floor of a fire-place. In lodge site No. 11 and several others no stones were found in the surrounding sandy soil; hence those found in the site must have been brought from a distance On some sites the.se black spot.* have become j.Iiaost entirely obliterated bj being covercl witfi drifting sand since the ground has been cleared, but the plough occasionally turns up the fire- burnt stones. They are all pre-Neutral. These sites are scattered throughout the hfd)itable territory, particularly in favoured juwitions on the shores of lakes and' stieams; and not only in localities where pine was the principal timber, but also where the trees were entirely dcciduou.s, while the Neutral village sites, found in adjoining towTiships, are only m the pine lands. Usually there is only one siwt at a place. A spot may be the remains of camp fire.- -.t a single Iodide, or it may oe a communal fire-place, the lodges having been grouped ai.,und It. Many of them appear to have been occupied for a long time, judging by the amount of discoloured soil. No. 1. There are two lodge .-ites on the farm of John S.iilcni- mer, h)t 9, concession XIV. Here the late II. Z. Smith, of New Hamburg, found a number of chipped arrowliculs. No. 2. There is a lodge site on a low bank near n stream on the Kliriknmn farm, north half of lot 4, concession XIV. Here points chipped out of stone Tor arrows have b. en found. No. 3. There are two lodge sites on the farm of Thomas Scott, lot 1, concession XIV. Here chipped stone points for arrows were the only artifacts discovered. A banner-stone was found on the Bell farm, on the south half of the sani.. lot. No. 4. There is a large lodge site on the bank of what was tormerly a rivulet in one of Robert Woods' fields, lot 1, 24853-12J nCTOlU MIMOBUL MCMrail. ■VU.ariN NO. I .1 Hill «lt "■;!{ lit conceMion XIII, accordin'- Mr. Woods. Here he has not found artifacU, proba> jcauM he ia a recent tenant. No. 6. There !■ a tOt.t,r-ionly found throughout the townsuip, while celts or adzes are not rare. On the old Risk farm, lot 8, concession XIII, a gorget or pendant about 5 inches long, with one perforation, was found. On one side there are two conventionalized drawings of the human form. It is in the collection of James Skillings, living near Innerkip. On lot 6, concession X, points chipped from stone for arrows, and a gorget with one perforation, but with a sharp cutting edge at one end, were found by C. R. McCor- mick. The latter has been mutilated by use as a whetstone, and mislaid. On the farm of James Edwards, lot 5, concession VIII, points chipped from stone have been found, also half of a winged banner stone ntade of brownish striped slate. It is of a com- mon type, resembling fig. 169 in Boyle's "Notes on Primitive Man in Ontario," and is now in the collection of J. Hewitt, of Innerkip. On the John Mitchell farm, lot 3, concession VII, there have been found points chipped from stone for arrows, spears, and knives, and fragments oi a single pottery vessel from the high bank of Hagey lake. Oi. ' , Chesney farm, lot 7, concession V, many points chipped from stone for arrows, knives, and drills, also celts, and a keel- shaped limestone pipe-head have been found by his son George. This pipe is 2 inches long by IJ inches wide across the broad side, and about 1 inch thick. A rude geometric pattern ap- pears on one side of this much weathered pipe. On the Downey farm, lot 6, concession V, Mr. Downey found a well chipped knife of chert. A slate gorget and a pendant with one perforation, in the George Chesney collection, were also picked up on this farm. On the Robert Small farm, lot 7, concession IV, fr- ^ments of pottery and a stone tube made of striped slate have been found. The tube is somewhat barrel-shaped, wider at one end than at AHCHiBOUKlT OF BLANDVORD TOWKSBIP, ONT. 197 the other, 2 inches long by about 1 J inches wide, and IJ inches thick. It is in the collection of Charles Edwards, of Innerkip. On thr Biddis farm, lot 6, concession IV, a layer of stones, possibly a fire-place, is said to have been found while breaking new ground. Here chipped points of stone "or arrows, and also other artifacts have been found. On the north half of lot 4, concession IV, Amos Carter found a small limestone pipe similar to the one from the Chesney farm, a shallow mortar about a foot in diameter made of a roughly square piece of dark grey stone, and one or two pestles made of limestone. On the south half of this lot, on the Millar farm, many points chipped from stone for arrows, also the front half of an unfinished bird amulet and other artifacts have been found. This bird amulet is about 4J inches long by 2J inches high, and fully 1^ inches wide at the bottom. Only the lower portion of the neck has been polished, the rest of the surface still show- ing peck marks. On each side of the head there are project- ing bosses evidently in process of transformation into large projecting eyes. It is in the Edwards collection at Innerkip. On the William Mann farm, lot 3, concession IV, a gorget was found and recently many points chipped from stone for arrows and spears have been secured. On George Tottle's farm, lot 1, concession l\', Mr. Tottle found a copper arrowhead, but as he has moved away, the speci- men is not available. On the north half of lot 1, concession IV, a long, roller-like pestle, celts, and points chipped from stone for arrows have been found by Robert Lockhart. The pestle is in the Burgess collection at Drumbo. On the farm of Alexander Graham, lot 13, concession III, points chipped from stone for arrows, also celts, gorgets, and other artifacts have been found. On lot 7, concession III, R. J. Baker found points chipped from stone for arrows, also celts and a small hatchet-shaped banner stone about 4 inches long, which is now in a private collection in Detroit. i IW V1CT0U4 MXIIOBUI. MDBSUM. BDIXBTIN NO. I TraiU. From the River Nith in Blenheim township, the next town- ship to the east, a trail extended to the banks of Homer creek in this township and passed through the country about midway between the two concessions.' The course indicated on the accompanying map is presumably correct. A trail, indicated approximately on the map, ran along the high hills, from the "Indian Spring" in lot 3, concession III, in a southwesterly direction, according to E. M. Hersee. Per- haps it connected with the Indian trail followed by the old stage road in East Oxford township to the south. CONCLUSION. -.Ill ■III The surface survey of this township, less than 13 miles long and barely 9 miles wide, an area much smaller than 100 square miles, resulted in the location in less than nine field-working days, counting earlier work as well as that for the Geological Survey, of twenty-six lodge and village sites, five burial places, and many surface finds. This makes a discovery of more than three sites per day. As there is no reason to con- sider this township exceptionally favourable for prehistoric occupation, it being in the midst of Ontario and not bordering a great lake or having a very large river, we may conclude that the other townships in the are.i common to southern Ontario, the cleared forest area, the St. Lawrence lowlands and the Iroquoian linguistic area, would average as productive. We may expect some to be more barren, but others, those located on lakes or including special features as qunrries or rich com land, to far surpass it. It thus seems that there is ample material in this area for archaeological work. The lodge sites are located on high land, ridges, or the edges of benches, but always near a spring or a stream. This indicates where we may expect to find sites in other parts of this area. Similar sites occur in Simcoe coimty' according to Hunter, 'Wintemberg, W. J., "Archeology of Blenheim Township". (The Ontario Arch- BologTcal Report for 1902, p. 69.) 'Hurler, A. F., "Huron Village Sites in Flos and Vespra townships, Simcoe county," Toronto, 1907, pp. 25, 34, 49. ARCHAOUKir or BLANOfOao TOWNSHIP, OUT. i9g and in the Niagara peninsula according to information from George Oliver of Jordan Station, Ontario. The lodge sites are circular, while some Neutral sites are oblong. The surface appearance of the sites resembles that of the Neutral sites of Blenheim township, but the finds and the location of the finds are different. They contain little or no ash, while Neutral sites are often largely made up of ash layers. Much of the pottery being similar to the Potomac-Chesapeake ware, seems to be of a type made by tribes of the Algonquian linguistic stock. These pre-Neutral sites, therefore, may have been of Algonquian occupation. All the sites found are pre- historic and pre-Neutral, the earliest period known in this general region, whereas in Blenheim township evidences were found of three distinct aboriginal periods— the pre-Neutral, the Neutral, and the European. They probably antedate not only Neutral but all Iroquoian sites in this part of the country and perhaps even in the whole of the Hurontario peninsula and parts of New York. f m vmoau imiotut Mcuim. icllrin no. III ARCHACOLPOCAL MAP blandforo'township OXFORD COUNTY ONTARIO WlWIhrftMBtRC I9U Soli dT milts I » » > a 1 LCGENC 0 Lodge site fifi Lodge sites • — ( Grave or single burial Cemetery ^ Surface finds A Ceremonial implements found on surface ^^ Pipe 0 ftftery vessel W Fragnwits of pottery 9 Copper mpleniefTt « Cache — TraB or portage ^^j KiK.