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NOTES UPON HAWAIIAN PLANTS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES AND VARIETIES. BY JOSEPH F. ROCK HONOLULU: PUBLISHED BY THE COLLEGE DECEMBER, 1911. @oplece OF HAWAII PUBLICATIONS BULLETIN No. |. NOTES UPON HAWAIIAN PLANTS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES AND VARIETIES. lBN¢ POoE Pid kk OCK HONOLULU: PUBLISHED BY THE COLLEGE DECEMBER, 1911. Vv | NOTES UPON HAWAIIAN PLANTS ‘WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES AND VARIETIES. By JosePpH F. Rock, Botantst. (Consulting Botanist, Board of Agriculture and Forestry.) The writer has had opportunity of visiting all the high moun- tains of this island group with the exception of Mauna Loa, the second highest one. The summits of these mountains, possessing as they do a tem- perate climate, harbor many interesting plants. Waialeale on Kauai 5080 feet, Puu Kukui on West Maui 5788 and Kaala, the summit of Kohala 5505 feet, are big open swamps. These are wrapped in clouds nearly the whole year round, with the excep- tion of the short periods during which the south wind prevails. These swamps support a stunted vegetation consisting mainly of genera adapted to a moist and temperate climate. Geramiums are to be found on all the high mountains with the exception of the summit of Kohala. Puu Kukui on West Maui and Wataleale on Kauai possess only small species which are very closely related, both of them being creepers a few inches high. On Mauna Kea, 13.823 feet, Hualalai, 8,969 feet, and Haleakala, 10,030 feet, they are stunted, some, however, reaching a height of 10 to 15 feet with a trunk of sometimes 7 inches in diameter ; they do not, however, grow at an elevation higher than 10,000 feet. At 11,000 feet native vegetation ceases entirely, the only plant observed higher than that is Sonchus oleraceus L. with a long thick root-stock and prostrate leaves and flowers. Viola is found on all the larger islands; none, however, had been recorded from the Island of Hawaii. During the month of June, 1910, the writer was fortunate to ascend to the summit of Kohala, where, to his surprise, he found a form of Viola Maviensis in the open bog. The plants are much taller than those icome vest) Mani reaching aheteht of several feet. On Mast Maui the writer discovered a form of J’. robusta growing in the dry sections on Haleakala, and on the island of Lanai a Viola simi- lar to the one described by Forbes and Lydgate as “Viola Helena,” their plant came from the island of Kauai, mountains of Wahiawa. Hillebrand, in his Fiora of the Hawaiian Islands, mentions under Viola robusta, a plant collected by Remy on Lanai, No. A 532, which he thought to be a variety of I”. robusta, and also a slant collected by W. Knudsen on Kauai. The writer compared liis specimens with Mr. Forbes’ type and found them to be almost identical with the exception of variations in the leaves, and aiso differing in its single flowered peduncle; as a whole the plant is much taller than Forbes’ type. The plant is decidedly distinct from Viola robusta and deserves the rank of species. In addition to the notes on the genera /7iola and Geranium the writer describes two new species of Tetraplasandra; one com- ing from the summit of Waialeale, the other from the island of Lanai. This is the second species of that genus recorded from Kauai. T. Waimeae inhabiting the dry districts back of Waimea at an elevation of 3600 feet associated with Sidcroxrylon sandwicense, Pterotropia Kauaiensis, Bobea Mannu, Solanum Kauatense, Cya- nea leptostegia, etc.. while 7. Waialealae inhabits the swamps of the high plateau of Waialeale, elevation 5000 feet, in company with species peculiar to that region, such as Drosera, Viola, Sanicula, Acaena, Geranium, etc. One species of Pittosporum is described from the island of Mo- lokai; it being the only litoral species recorded from this archi- pelago, and a species of Pelea a handsome large tree from the lava fields of Auahi, Mt. Haleakala, elevation 2600 feet; it is re markable for its habit of growth as a whole and for its large inflorescence which bears from 10-G0 flowers. At last a new species of Sideroxylon from the same locality as Pelea multiflora and a description of the fruits of Sideroxrylon spathulatum hitherto unknown. VIOLACEAE. Wie IG, Sec, jolls Ed, L753) OSS. V.Maviensis Mann Enum. Haw. Pl. (1866) n. 11, et Fl. Haw. Isl. (1866) 120;—Hillebrand Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 16. Maui: Summit of West Maui. Puu Kukui, elevation 5,788 feet, in bogy ground common in company with Acaena exigua Gray, Geramum humile Ebd. etc. (Rock n. 8148, flowering August 21, 1910). Also observed lower down at an elevation of 4600 HES, Molokai: Swamp of Kawela near Kamoku camp, elevation / O00mects Rocke m olO0G,tnunitine lance OuO)e Note: Only two small plants were observed in the open bog on Molokai in company with Astelia sp., Selaginella deflexa Brack., etc. 5 Var. kohalana Rock v. n. suffruticosa, caudicibus 10-16 dm longis, stipulis ovato-lanceolatis, foliis rotundatis in petiolos 7 em longos; scapis 3-4 dm longis bibracteatis, pedicellis 3-9 cm longis, floribus magnis coeruleis vel albis. Caudex 10-16 dm long, woody, more or less prostrate, stipules ovate lanceolate reddish brown, leaves as before on petioles of 2-7 cm, peduncles blackish blue when with dark blue flowers, light yellow, when with white flowers, bearing umbels of blue or white flowers on bibracteolate pedicels of 3-9 cm length; capsules as before. Hawati: Mountains of Kohala in bogy ground, mainly in thick moss on trees as well as near the summit of Kohala in open swampy places in company with Cyathodes imbricata var. struthio- loides, Selagmella deflexa. etc. (Rock n. 8385, flowering and fruiting June 21, 1910). The flowers are very fragrant and large, the dark blue-flowered specimens occur lower down to an elevation of 4600 feet, while the white ones are found only higher up, 5200 feet elevation. Note: This variety differs from the species in its very long caudex, scapes, and petioles, as well as pedicels and in its large flowers which are also white. No violets had been recorded, pre- viously from the island of Hawaii. V. Kauaensis Gray Bot. U.S. E. Exp. (1854) 85;—H. Mann iniidtawy. Pin 10, et Fl. Haw. Isl. (1866) 120;—Hillebr. Fl. awe isl) (188s) 15;—Heller Pl, Haw. Isl.-(1897) 857. Kauai: Bog of Lehua makanoe, central plateau back of Kaho- luamano, elevation 4200 feet. (Rock n. 2130, flowering March mb Oop noc me o/25, iuitine Sept. 16, 1909). Also observed at Kauluwehi swamp, elevation 4300 feet, in company with Drosera longifolia, Schizaea robusta, etc., on Waialeale, the sum- mit of Kauai, elevation 5250 feet, observed in company with Sanicula, Acaena exigua, Dubautia waialealae, ete. Note: The specimens from Lehua makanoe are larger than those from Waialeale or Kauluwehi swamp. Native names “Pohehiwa” and “Kalli.” V. robusta Hillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 16. Molokai: Back of Kamoku camp on the banks of a stream, elevation 4000 feet, or less (Rock n. 6114, fowering and fruiting March, 1910; Rock n. 6196, on moss-covered tree trunks back of Kawela swamp, on the ridge leading to Pelekunu, flowering goon imme March, 1910; Rock m. 7019 on tree trunks, heights above Kamalo ridge leading to Pelekunu, flowering and fruiting, april, LOLO),. 6 Note: Plants from above Kamalo are much smaller than those from Kamoku. The leaves of this plant are used medicinally by the natives, the same are boiled and the liquid drunk as tea. Var.'mauiensis Rock v. n. suffruticosus erectus, foliis oblongo- ovatis acuminatis subcordatis vel truncatis, serrulatis dentibus callosis, in petiolos hirsutos 1.5-2.5 cm longos, stipulis triangu- latis acuminatis ciliatis; pedunculis hirsutis ex axillis foliorum. Capsula 1.5 cm longa; semina nigra ovoidea. Habit as before, leaves with hirsute midribs, oblong ovate sub- cordate or truncate on hirsute petioles of 1.5-2.5 cm, stipules triangular from a broad base, accuminate, ciliate at the margins, the hirsute bibracteate peduncles 2-4 cm long one-flowered (never two) in the axils of every leaf, calvx hirsute linear lanceolate acu- minate, flower buds only observed (petals pinkish) ; capsule 1.5 cm long, seeds ovoid blackish. Maui: Gulches above Makawao slopes of Haleakala, elevation 3500 feet. (Rock n. 8563, fruiting October, 1910); southern slopes of Haleakala in a gulch near Kaupo Gap, elevation 5000 feet. (Rock n. 8686, fruiting November, 1910). Note: Native name “Pamakant’.on Mati: is used medicinall b) by the natives. Var. Wailenalenae Rock v. n. Stem 1-2 m high, the branches as well as the stems hollow; stipules light brown, broadly lanceolate, acuminate about 3 cm long denticulate or serrate almost to the base; leaves thick, fleshy light green underneath darker above 9-10 cm x 3-4 cm ovate acuminate at both ends midrib as well as the 4 cm long petioles dark purple, serrulate with the base entire; flowers in the axils of the upper leaves single or two on a short bibracteate peduncle, pedicels 4-5 cm long bibracteolate above the middle ; flowers nod- ding, sepals gibbous at the base 1 cm long, petals white not frag- rant twice as long as the sepals, the lower one saccate, anthers appiculate, all winged, style curved thickening towards the stigma ; capsule hirsute when young. Kauai: High plateau of Waialeale along Wailenalena stream in shady places, elev. 4500 ft., not observed outside the banks of the stream. (Rock n. 8852, flowering aud truitine Oct Zia V. Helena Forbes var. lanaiensis Rock v. n. caule sufruticoso erecto, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis serratis breviter petiolatis, acu- minatis, stipulis lanceolatis caudatis, fimbriatis, pedunculis ex axillis foliorum bi-bracteatis unifloriferis, petalis puniceis vel albis, sepala lanceolata, inferiore insaccato; capsula lanceolata, 12 mm longa, semina ovoidea, nigra. Caudex erect 3 dm-13 dm long, woody, hollow, foliose at the apex, leaves oblong lanceolate, about 1 dm x 12-i8 mm, acuminate 7 at both ends, on somewhat margined petioles of 5 mm serrate with callous teeth, bluish purple when young, light green with pellucid oil dots when old, stipules lanceolate 1 cm long, caudate fimbriate, blackish, with a prominent median nerve; peduncles, bi-bracteate 1.5 cm with a bi-bracteolate pedicel of 4.5 cm long, bearing a single small, pinkish-white flower, sepals lanceolate not saccate. Capsule lanceolate 12 mm long, seeds ovoid blackish. Lanai: Main ridge of Lanai. Lanai Hale and Haalelepakai, in bogy ground, elevation 3200 feet, terrestrial, (Rock n. 8046, flower buds and fruiting, July 25, 1910), also above Mauna Lei gorge on slopes above waterfall, elevation 2200 feet. V. oahuensis Forbes Ocas. pap. B. P. Bishop Mus. IV. n. 3 (1909), p. 40. Oahu: Dense forest on the windward side, Punaluu, back of Kaliuwaa, elevation 1800-2000 ft. (Rock n. 10 flowering July, 1908). (Rock and Forbes n. 359, flowering Nov. 14-21, 1908). (Rock n. 371, December 3-14, 1908, flowering, ridge above Ka- hana valley). Note: This plant was first coliected by the writer in July, 1908, and again during November 14-21, when in company with Mr. Forbes. The plant is little distinct from V. robusta the common form on Molokai, it differs mainly in the stipules, which are 2-2.5 cm. long in my specimens, the white petals and the much smaller cap- sules, otherwise as in l’. robusta. V. Chamissoniana Gingins in Linnaea I. (1826) 408 ;—Gray U. S. E. Exp. (1854) 86 t. 6;—Walp. Report I., 216;—Mann Pmapimbelslaw. Fl (1860) n.12, et FL Flaw. Isl. (1866) 121 ;— Hillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 17;—Heller. Pl. Haw. Isl. (1897) boven imelides, V. trachelitolia Ging. 1. c. p: 409. Molokai: Back of Kamoku camp near Kawela swamps on the bank of a stream, elevation 4000 feet. (Rock n. 6113, flowering March, 1910), only one plant observed. Note: The flowers are large and pink rather than pale pur- plish. The native name “Pamakani” applies to this species as well as to V. robusta. Var. 6 Hillebrand Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 17. Kauai: Outskirts of the forest below Kaholuamano, elevation 3000 feet. (Rock n. 2126, flowering and fruiting, March 3-10, 1909 ; and Oct. 22, 1911, flowering and fruiting). Note: Young leaves are covered underneath with a silvery gray tomentum, old leaves pubescent. Native name of the variety “Olopu” on Kauai. 8 GERANIACEAE. Geranium L., Spec. pl. ed. 1, (1753) 676. Sect. Neurophyllodes Gray. G. arboreum Gray Bot. U. S. E. Exp. (1854) 315, t. 31 ;—H. Mann Enum, Haw. Pl. (1866) im. 63, et il. Elaw. Wel leca) ae 163 ;—Hillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 57. Maui: On the slopes of Haleakala, East Maui, in gulches near Puuniniau crater, elevation 6000-7000 feet ; (Rock n. 8522, flower- Hoe aya! suebuieine Olee,, NON), wae splat: orows in company with Ay eyroxyphium virescens, Raillardia platyphylla, Cue: Note: The flowers of this species are dark purple, with the petals unequal; it is a shrub with long rambling branches which are hirsute. G. cuneatum Hook Icon. plant. (1840) t. 198;—Gray U. 5. EE. Exp. (1854) 312, t. 29;—Mann Enum. Haw. Pl. (1866) n. 61, et Fl. Haw. Isl. (1866) 162 ;—Hillebr. I'l. Haw. Isl. (1888) 5 Hawati: Slopes of Hualalai at an elevation of 6000 feet on a-a lava and black cinder (Rock n. 3589 flowering June 9, 1909), in company with Ratllardia, Cyathodes, Coprosma ernodeoides, etc. Note: The plants from Hualalai, probably the type locality, are not bushy but slender, erect 3-6 dm high and not as profusely branching as the variety from Mauna Kea; the young branches are reddish. Var. a. Menziesii Hook. |. c.; Gray 1. c.;—H. Mann Enum. aw. il (1866) ne ole en Al an. ist, (1866) 162 -—Hillebra ie Haw. Isl. (1888) 55 as synonyms. Hawaii: Slopes of Mauna Kea, elevation between 9000-10,000 feet, above Kemole (Rock n. 8329, flowering June, 1910). Note: This variety of G. cuneatum I observed only above Ke- mole on the western slopes of Mauna Kea, where it grew in com- pany with several species of Raillardia, Coprosma, etc. The plant is very bushy and much branching, flowers whitish, leaves green on both sides, young branches not reddish as in the species. Var. y pauciflorum Hillbd: Fl. Haw. Isl (1888) 55. hypoleucum Gray U.S. E. Exp. (1854) 312, t. 29; in part. Hawaii: Slopes of Mauna Kea above Waikii, elevation 10,000 feet. (Rock n. 8345, only one flowering specimen observed, May, WOW). ( Wakesmanes? 1a. 6081, Nov., 1909). (Hosmer n. 8700, flower- ing August, 1910). Note: The plant has the habit of variety a Menziesii but differs in the canescent leaves. The flowering period of this variety falls in the late summer while the former flowers in May and June. S) Geranium tridens Hillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 55. G. cunea- tum Elook, var. y+ hololeucum Gray.U. S. E. Exp. (1854) ote 2? oH, Mann Enum. Haw. Pl. (1866) n. 61, et FIL. iaw. lst. (1866) 162. Maui: Slopes of Haleakala along the trail leading to the sum- mit, elevation 6500-9000 feet. A very common shrub in company with Sophora crysophylla, Raillardia Mengziesu, Santalum Hale- akalae, etc. (Rock n. 8520 anl 8562, flowering and fruiting Sep- romoer tl), and October, 1910), CR. S. Hosmer n. 2620 April 26, 1909, without flowers and fruits). Note: Native name Hinahina. Geranium humile Hillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 56.G. cunea- ium Hook. var. hypoleucum Gray U. S. E. Exp. (1854) 312 in part ;—H. Mann Enum. Haw. PI. (1866) n. 61, et Fl. Haw. Isi. (1866) 162. Maui: Puu Kukui summit of West Maui, elevation 5/788 feet. (Rock & Hammond n. 8147, fiowering and fruiting August 21, 1910). Puu Kukui is an open flat swamp whose vegetation is mainly composed of the following species: Acaena exigua, Lobe- ha Gaudichaudu, Viola mautensis, Wilkesia Grayana, Cyathodes imbricata var. struthioloides, Lagenophora mauiensis, besides a number of grasses and Cyperaceae. Note: The large flowers of this species are not pure white as described by Hillebr., but have a pink center and purplish veins ; usually three on a peduncle. Var. kauaiense Rock var. nov. G. cuneatum var. Mrs. Sin- eis indie: Fl Elaw. Isl. (1885) t. 35; planta 12 cm alta, foliis ovato-cuneatis, subtus argenteo-incanis, super viridibus elabris, apice 3-4 dentatis, dentibus callosis rubris, sepalis incanis. Whole plant more slender than the species about 12 cm _ high; leaves smaller, ovate-cuneate, silky, canescent underneath, gla- brous green above, the silkiness on the nerves is entirely wanting in the variety, dentate at the apex, with red callous teeth; usually 5-nerved; flowers smaller, pinkish white, mostly single or two on a peduncle, sepals silvery with a reddish border on the inner side, styles silvery tomentose up to the bright red stigmatic - branches. Kauai: Summit of Waialeale, elevation 5000 feet, on moss- covered rocks (Rock n. 4931, flowering Sept. 24, 1909, Oct. 20, 1911). Grows in company with Dubautia watalealae, Sanicula sandwicensis var., Lobelia kauaensis, Drosera longifoha, ete. Note: The plant differs from the species in its smaller leaves which are glabrous above, and have reddish teeth, as well as in its styles, the bright red stigmatic branches are thick and not filiform as in G. humule. Native name “Nohuanu.” 10 ARALIACEAE. Tetraplasandra Waialealae Rock sp. nov. Arbor 6-8 m alta, ramis fatulis; foliis 30-45 cm longis, foliolis 5-9 oblongis acuminatis vel obtusis coriaceis, glabris, basi inequila- teralibus, 9-14 cm x 4-5 cm, petiolulis 1-3 cm longis; inflores- centia wnmbellata composita terminalis; calyce 1-5 enteeauieat margine undulato, petalis 5-7 ; stamina numero petalorum quadru- pla, 2-seriatis; ovarium 6-loculare; stigmata in stylopodia conica 5 iano allita, | A tree 6-8 m high with rather spreading branches, leaves 30-45 cm long; leaflets oblong acuminate, thick coriaceous unevensided at the base otherwise rounded ; inflorescence a terminal compound umbel of usually 4 peduncles each about from 7-10 cm long, bear- ing 6 rays ca. 6 cm long, each bearing an umbellet of 2-5 pedicels ca. 2 cm long; calyx tubular purplish black with an undulate border; petals 5-7 triangular thick with a prominent median nerve, glabrous; stamens in two circles four times as many as petals, ovary 6-celled; stigmas on a conical stylopode of 5 mm. — Kauai: Summit of Waialeale, elevation 5000 feet, bordering — the extensive bog, in company with Dubautia, Pelea Waalealae, Suttonia lanceolata, Lobelia kauaensis, Labordea W malealea, etc. It grows at the edge of a cliff overlooking the windward side of Kauai, as well as along the banks of Kaluiti stream, and at the summit proper. (J. F. Rock n. 4902 (young ints) Segre 1909, and n. 88/0 flowering Oct. 20, 1911; type im Mersaraas College of Hawaii). | ah Tetraplasandra Watalealae. Rock. About one half natural size; showing flower buds and open flowers. 12 Tetraplasandra Lanaiensis Rock sp. nov. Arbor 5 m alta, prorsus glabra; foliis 30-38 cm longis, foliolis 5-7, oblongis, obtusis vel breviter acuminatis, basi inequilaterali- bus, in petiolulos 1 cm-1.5 cm longos, petiolulo folioliit terminalis multo longiore, articulato; inflorescentia ter umbellata in rachem communem 2.5 cm longam; calyce ca. 6 mm, margine denticu- lato, petalis 5-6 lanceolatis viridi-flavidis, 7 mm longis, stamina numero petalorum dupla, ovarium 3-loculare, stigmata sessilis. A small tree about 5 m high, branching freely, bark smooth writish, glabrous throughout; leaves 30-38 cm long, leaflets 5-7 oblong, obtuse or bluntly acuminate, unevensided at the base, m.d- rib prominent, 8-10 cm x 4-5 cm, dark green above light under- neath, the terminal leaflet on a petiolule of 4 cm which is articu- late near the blade, the lateral ones on petiolules of 1-1.5 cm, sub- coriaceous ; inflorescence thrice umbellate not erect but drooping, the 3-5 peduncles on a common rhachis of about 2.5 cm, about 20 cm long, bearing umbels of 17-21 slender drooping rays of 8-10 cm, these again umbellate with 7-13 pedicels; calyx tubular ca. 6 mm with a denticulate border, petals 5-6 lanceolate greenish- yellow, 7 mm long, stamens twice as many as petals, ovary 3- celled, stigmas sessil. Lanai: Dry forehills in Mahana valley, not common, only two trees observed, associated with Osmanthus sandwicensis, Suttonia Lanaiensis, Sideroxylon spathulatum, Maba sandwicensis, etc. (Rock n. 8088 flowering August 2, 1910) ; type in Herbarium Col- lege of Hawaii. PiateE II, Tetraplasandra Lanaiensis Rock. Less than half natural size. 14 RUTACEAE. Pelea multiflora Rock sp. nov. Arbor 10-15 m alta, ramis robustis; folia opposita, 10-20 cm x 5-9 cm, petiolata petiolis hirsutis 2-4 cm longis, oblonga, obtusa, basi subcordata, supra glabra, subtus tomento olivaceo praesertim in nervo mediano prominente induta; inflorescentia hirsuta cymo- so-paniculata 10-12 cm longa, flores 10-60; calycis lobi ovati acuti petalis longiores, petala et ovaria glabra, capsula glabra qua- driloba. A tall tree 10-15 m high with very stout branches ; leaves oppo- site oblong 10-20 em x 5-9 cm, glabrous above, densely covered underneath with an olivaceous tomentum, especially along the pro- minent midrib and nerves; marginal nerve wanting ; young leaves golden yellow densely hirsute; inflorescence cymosely paniculate 10-12 cm long, hirsute throughout, with 5-6 nodes, the common peduncle 2-3 cm with large lanceolate bracts of 1.5 cm under the lower cymose branches of usually 6 cm in length with three or four nodes, ultimate pedicels 5 mm long, bearing from 10-60 flowers, floral bracts subulate enclosing the persistent calyx which in turn encloses the 4-valvate petals of 5 mm im #aelsrenule flowers; sepals ovate acute hirsute, petals and ovary glabrous; capsule glabrous 3 cm each way, carpels parted their entire length. Maui: Haleakala, lavafields of Auahi, district of Kahikinut, in company with Alectryon macrococcus, Pterotropia dipyrena, Bo- bea sandwicensis, Alplitoma excelsa, Antidesma pulvinatum, etc. (Rock n. 8646 flowering and fruiting Nov., 1910). PLATE III. oe Pelea multiflora Rock. 16 PITTOSPORACEAE. Pittosporum halophylum Rock sp. nov. Frutex erectus ca 1 m altus, rami robusti: folia conidcea seven vel obovata 4-6.5 cm x 2-3 cm, breviter petiolata petiolo 1 cm longo, obtusa vel emareginata, basi breviter acuminata, supra gla- bra, pallide viridia, subtus flavido-fusco-tomentosa ; inflorescentia caulina, sepala oblonga, acuminata, tomento sericeo flavido induta ; corollae cremeae tubus 1 cm laciniis 3-polo longior; ovarium hir- sutum ; capsula (ignota). A small shrub ca 1 m high, with stout branches; leaves ovate to obovate, 4 cm-6.5 cm x 2 cm-3.3 cm, obtuse or rounded or emar- einate at the apex suddenly tapering into a short petiole of 1 cm, pale green above wrinkled with a close areolar network, glabrous, covered with a yellowish brown wool underneath, young leaves pubescent on both sides; inflorescence cauline immediately under the leaves, on a short peduncle of 5 mm; flowers on pedicels of 5 mm, covered with a fawn colored tomentum, cowie cream solorad fragrant, tube 1 cm, petals one third as long; stamens two-thirds the length of the abe. anthers oblong ovary hirsute, style as long as the tube ; capsule unknown. Molckai: Along the beach on the windward side of the island within the spray of the sea, between Kalawao and Waikolu, (Rock & Nevin n. 6183 flowering March 26, 1910; Nevin flowering Aug. 14, 1911). This species is exceedingly interesting as it represents the only litoral species from the islands; the name P. litorale was used at first in the manuscript, but having been anticipated for a Philippine species by Merrill, the Greek name is here substituted HONE RE, a } skye PLATE IV. canna Pittosporum halophylum Rock. About one half the natural size. 18 SAPOTACEAE. Sideroxylon auahiense Rock sp. nov. Arbor 8-10 m alta, folia coriacea glabra, folia novella tomen- tosa, elliptico-oblonga 8-12 cm longa, 4-6 cm lata petiolis 3-4 cm longis; flores solitarii vel 2 ex axillis foliorum; ovarium villosum 5-loculare, bacca globosa, citrea, apice acuminata, sessilis vel sub- sessilis 3.5cm-4.5 cm diam. A tree 8-10 m high, with a broad round crown, branches pale glaucous, terete ,glabrous; leaves coriaceous pale green glabrous on both sides when old, shining ahove, covered with a gray sil- very tomentum when young, elliptical oblong, bluntly acuminate or rounded, 8-12 cm x 4-6 cm on petioles of 3-4 cm, veins parallel leaving midrib at wide angles of about 80° ; flowers sin- ele, rarely two in the axilis of the alternate leaves, calyx hirsute 5 pafted to near the base, the lobes rounded, corolla (7); ovary hirsute five celled, style short, berry drupaceous sessil or subsessil bright citron yellow smooth globose pointed at the apex, five seed- ed 3.5 cm-4-5 cm in diameter, bright yellow inside, fleshy; seeds 20 mm long by 10 mm wide, enclosed in a thin papery pyrena, elongate not flat as in S. rhynchospermum, the thick crustaceous testa yellowish with reddish spots, shining; the scar of the raphe shorter than the ventral angle; cotyledons as broad and long as the albumen the minute radical inferior. The tree differs from S. sandwicense mainly in its large bright yellow sessil fruits which have the shape of the fruits of the Afri- can Mangosteen, in its single flowers, and very pale glabrous foliage. | Maui: Southern slopes of Haleakala lava fieids at Auahi, dis- trict of Kahikinu1, elevation 3000 feet, in company with Alectryon macrococcus, Pelea multifiora, Pterotropia dypirena, etc. Side- roxylon sandwicense var? is found also at the same place, having fruits exactly like S. rhynchospernun:, but seeds as in S. sandwi- cense. Sideroxylon spathulatum only recorded from Lanai grows also at Auahi, Maui, but 1000 feet or so lower than S. auahiense, in company with Chrysophyllum polynesicum. (Rock no. 8668 iruiting Nov, 1910). ype veer. College oi tlamaire The specific name refers to the locality on Haleakala to which the tree is peculiar. 19 PUA Vy Sideroxylon auahiense Rock. ‘Less than half natural size. 20 Sideroxylon spathulatum Hbd. Flora Haw. Isl. (1888) 277 ;—Drake Del Castillo, Ilust. FI. Insul. Maris Pacifici (1892) 228. The fruits of this species, which were unknown, were collected by the writer in company with Mr. J. G. Hammond on the island of Lanai where the tree is quite common. lHollowine isyande= scription of the fruits of the above species: Fruit a drupaceous berry dark orange colored and glabrous when mature, covered with a rufous tomentum when young, 3.5 em long, by little over 2 cm wide, conical, acuminate at the apex; 5-seeded, each seed enclosed in a membraneous yellow pyrena, 20 mm long, 7 mm wide, rounded at both ends, grayish brown, rather dull, linear elongate, the raphe occupying almost the whole ventral angle. Cotyledons nearly as long and broad as the albu- - men, radical about 3 mm long and superior, fruit flesh light yel- low. Lanai: Common in Mahana and Kaiholena Valley as well as on the windward slopes of Lanai in company with Chrysophyllum polynesicum, Bobea sandaicensis, Osmanthus, etc. (Rock n. 8039 flowering and fruiting July 26, 1910%. Maui: Southern slopes of Haleakala lava fields of Auahi, Ka- hikinui, elevation 2000 feet. (Rock no. 8684 fruiting November, 1910). In company with Reynoldsia sandwicensis, Antidesma pulvinatum, etc. “ THE L'snaay ~ OF InE URIVERSHNY uF Jot iests COLLEGE OF HAWAII PUBLICATIONS BULLETIN NO. 2. THE HAWAITAN PEPEROMIAS BY CASIMIR de CANDOLLE (Geneva, Switzerland) AND DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES OF HAWAIIAN PLANTS. BY J. FROCK HONOLULU: PUBLISHED BY THE COLLEGE OcTOBER 16, 1913. COLLEGE OF HAWAII PUBLICATIONS BULLETIN NO. 2. THE HAWAIIAN PEPEROMIAS BY CASIMIR de CANDOLLE (Geneva, Switzerland) AND DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES OF HAWAIIAN PLANTS. BY J. F. ROCK HONOLULU: PUBLISHED BY THE COLLEGE OcTOoOBER, 1913. Te ata HOOK ey Deeelewe \yetrtoeny INTRODUCTION. About two years ago, Prof. Casimir de Candolle of Geneva, Switzerland, was asked to identify a considerable number of Hawaiian Peperomias, which the writer had collected under the auspices of the Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry of the Territory of Hawaii. In response Prof. De Candolle expressed his willingness to undertake the determina- tion of the Hawaiian representatives of this difficult genus and to publish his findings in a Bulletin of the College of Hawaii. The monograph printed on the following pages is the result. This monograph includes all of the Hawaiian Peperomias previously published, together with the large number of new species collected by the writer and those added by Abbé Urbain Faurie, who visited these islands in the year 1910 to make botanical collections. Fortunately Abbé Faurie sent most of the Peperomias of his collection to Prof. De Candolle, but a few were published by H. Léveillé. Prof. De Candolle has compiled a most excellent key to the Hawaiian species, which will greatly facilitate their identification by future collectors. We have inserted eight illustrations from photographs of co-types, deposited in the Herbarium of the Board of Agriculture and Forestry, now in the safe-keeping of the College of Hawaii. The types are in the Herbarium of Prof. De Candolle, Geneva, Switzerland. Prof. De Candolle finds seventy-three species of Peperomias in the Hawaiian material already analyzed. In the writer’s opin- ion there remain at least twice that number of species yet to be discovered in these islands. Owing to their succulency, these plants are difficult to prepare for the herbarium and conse- quently have been more or less neglected in the past. Any collector who will pay particular attention to the Hawaiian Peperomias is certain to be well rewarded with new species. The Hawaiian rain-forests are full of Peperomias, but they are by no means confined to these districts for they also occur in very dry situations as, for example, on lava fields in desert regions. They are, of course, most numerous in the rain-forests and especially at elevations of from 3500 to 5000 feet. It may be of interest to note here that the native name for all species of Peperomia is Alaalawainus. JosepH F. Rock. Honolulu, July 2nd, 1913. The Hawaiian Peperomias. BY CASIMIR DE CANDOLLE. The diagnoses and determinations contained in the following pages are the result of a study of the Hawaiian Peperomias collected by Mr. J. F. Rock, which were kindly put at my dis- posal, two years ago, by the Board of Agriculture and Forestry of Hawaii, and of those which I received at the same time from Father Faurie. In order to facilitate future researches on the subject, I also give, in this paper, an analytical key including all the species hitherto discovered in the Archipelago. As Hillebrand*, long ago, pointed out: “the flora of the Hawaiian Islands is very peculiar and contains a much larger proportion of endemic plants than that of any other country.” Indeed, according to him, 75.93% of its Vascular Cryptogams and Phanerogams are endemic! The striking peculiarity of the Hawaiian flora is well illus- trated in the case of Piperaceae. It is highly interesting, for instance, to find that although there are many spontaneous species of Piper in the Pacific and Malayan Islands, this genus has no other representatives in the Hawaiian Archipelago than two cultivated and certainly introduced species namely: P. Betle L. and P. methysticum Forst., while Peperomias are there ex- tremely numerous and nearly all endemic. In his Flora of the Hawaiian Islands, published in 1888, Hillebrand describes 19 Peperomias. Since then, before under- taking the present revision, I had already added to them 5 new species while Léveillé had added two. Finally the two collections mentioned above have furnished no less than 47. This brings to 73 the total number of Hawaiian Peperomias actually known, of which 67 are endemic. Such a large increase of the number of species belonging to the same genus will, at first, seem hardly credible, and I must say that it greatly surprised me. But one must not forget that all these types are distributed among six islands, each of which has, in a great measure, a flora of its own. For, again to quote Hillebrandi: “The great majority of endemic *Flora of the Hawaiian Islands pp. XV and XVII. { loc. p. XVII, 6 species inhabit a limited area, are confined to a single island or portion of it.” Only © of the )73 ‘species ‘are not /endemie, )ieseumees P. reflexa Dietr., P. leptostachya Hook. and Arnott, P. loncho- phylla C. DC., P. blanda Kunth, P. Fernandeziana Mig. and P. pallida Dietr. P. reflexa, as it is well known, grows in nearly all the inter- tropical or sub-tropical countries, so that its presence in the Hawaiian Islands cannot suggest anything concerning the enig- matical origin of their flora. P. leptostachya, which has been found in Savaii, Australia and Japan, as well as P. lonchophylla, growing in Savaii, connect that flora with those of the western parts, while P. blanda, widely spread in the intertropical coun- tries of America, supplies a link between it and the floras of that continent. P. Fernandeziana is a species of Juan Fernandez and Chile, to which I referred formerly a specimen collected by Nuttal in Oahu. But as the plant has not been seen there since, ‘I now share Hillebrand’s doubts with regard to its presence in that island. And I must say as-much of the plant attributed to P. pallida by Hooker and Arnott, because their description does not at all agree with that of Dietrich. The great majority of the Hawaiian species belong to the group of Peperomias having verticillate or opposed leaves, or, more exactly, of those having leaves apparently so disposed owing to a periodic and excessive shortening of the internodes. If we exclude P. pallida for the reason alluded to above, we find that only 5 species have alternate leaves while everywhere else that type is largely predominant. Another fact deserving also a special notice is the presence in the Hawaiian Archipelago of several species having an ovary with two terminal stigmas, a character which occurs only in a very limited number of Peperomias inhabiting the American Continent. All the measurements and other leaf characters mentioned in the following analytical key and diagnoses refer to the leaves of the upper part, that is to say, of the flowering part of the branches. The width of the leaves is always taken from their widest portions. Key to the Hawaiian Species. 1. A single entire and small stigma or no visible stigma. 2. Leaves in whorls. . 3. Rhachis glabrous. 4, Limb glabrous on both surfaces. 5. Length of limb not exceeding 2 centimeters. Limb ovate-elliptic, acute at the base, subacute, or obtuse at the apex, up to 2 cm long and Hee Vs CRM WARS) es abe ole. 4 6 globulanthera 1 Limb lanceolate, 1.6 cm long, 0.4-0.6 cm wide PBR A aie aA Ie SCR OA Ba ligustrina. 2 5. Length of limb from 2 to 6 centimeters. 6. Stigma inserted obliquely, a little below the sum- mit of the ovary. 7. Limb 1-nerved. Limb linear-lanceolate, 2-3.8 ecm long, 0.8-1.6 (Gha0 1 as iQ i5 | uel PASTE BRINE eric es AMS Hesperomannii. 3 7. Limb 5-nerved. Limb subobovate-lanceolate, cuneate at the base, up to 3 cm long and 1.1 cm wide. Stem and branches flexuose..hawaiensis. 4 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, about 3 cm long and 1.2 em wide. Branchlets erect, up to 17 oo BATT Nez] o MAU PA Pa eh Ane Ts oR peat koolauana. 5 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, about 4 cm long and 1.5-2 cm wide. Stem erect, up to 6 dec. SEUSS AA ems aR letra cua MND UC membranacea. 6 7. Limb 5-plinerved. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, up to 5.5.cm long and 2.7 cm wide. Stem erect, about 3 dec. high Ney co Sie RUM Wa Maney ANG aura hal gchar gta tO aR nudilimba. 7 7. Limb penninerved. Limb obovate-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, up to 6 cm long and 1.5 cm wide. Stem erect, 3.5 dec. high........... kauaiensis. 8 6. Stigma inserted on the summit of the ovary. 7. Limb 5-plinerved. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, 3.2 cm long, 1.1 cm. RVR RB Lia lial tapeanla pul ny Soa (2, Hochreutineri. 9 4. Limb glabrous above, pubescent underneath. 5. Length of limb not exceeding 2.3 centimeters. 6. Stigma inserted obliquely, a little below the sum- mit of the ovary. 7. Spikes little longer than the leaves. Limb ovate or oblong-ovate, acute or suba- cute at the extreme base, subacute at the apex, 2.8 cm long, 1.1 cm wide..eekana. 10 8 7. Spikes much longer than the limbs. Limb subovate-elliptic, acute at the base, obtuse or subacute at the apex, 2 cm long, DOTA WEES ee Rc ay a ea kohalana. 26 6. Stigma inserted on the summit of the ovary. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, up to 1.5 cm long and Pi CTA WAGES Heo SN Ae ae Cookiana. 11 5. Length of limb from 3 to 6 centimeters. 6. Stigmainserted obliquely, alittle below the summit of the ovary. 7. Limb 3-nerved. Limb lanceolate, up to 4.5 em long and 1 CM WIE ON ee Knudsenii. 12 7. Limb 5-7-nerved. Limb obovate-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, cuneate at the base, subacute or acuminate at the apex, up to 4.5 cm long and 2 cm TWAGS ee i ae CR a Penne ie hypoleuca. 13 Limb obovate-elliptic, acute at the base, obtuse at the apex, 3.5-4 cm long, 2.5-38.5 CT WAG ee Ce are Cl nc ae latifolia. 14 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, 3.2 em long and 1.7 Cm Wide (i) Sue Ne ee eee kamoloana. 15 7. Limb 5-plinerved. Limb ovate, acute at the base, sub-obtusely attenuate at the apex, 3.2-4 cm long, up to 2 CIO NVA EO) Rachwoe el ieee maunakeana. 16 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, up to 5 cm long and 2 cm wide........ Byes et atone’: Vey Men UaMe tala Seta ema s emeaa longirama. 17 6. No visible stigma. 7. Limb 5-plinerved. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at the base, subacute at the apex, 5 cm long, 2.5 cm VLC ig RON AC Nol Mihara Cc aA Sa astigmata. 18 6. Stigma inserted on the summit of the ovary. Limb ovate-lanceolate, acute at the base, obtusely attenuate at the apex, 2.2-3 cm long, 1.3-1.8 cm wide...... ellipticibacca. 19 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, 5 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide....molokaiensis. 20 5. Length of limb from 7 to 12.5 centimeters. 6. Stigma inserted obliquely, a little below the sum- mit of the ovary. 7. Stem upwards glabrous or puberulous. Limb penninerved. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at the base, subacute at the apex, 7.9 cm long, 3-6 cm yA CG Kc Meee EN By ek: iy US nan Macraeana. 21 7. Stem upwards densely hirsute. Limb 7-plinerved. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, up to 12.5 cm long and 5.7 cm wide.... ATLA Honea EAA NAM ar pachycaulis. 22 4. Limb pubescent only along the nerves on the upper surface. 9 6. Stigma inserted on the summit of the ovary. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at the base, subacute at the apex, 4.5-5.5 cm long, 2-2.5 CH WESC elivdiare ee eiohsraotar ae psilostigma. 23 4. Limb pubescent on both surfaces. 5. Length of limb not exceeding 2 centimeters. 6. Stigma inserted obliquely, a little below the sum- mit of the ovary. Limb rounded-ovate, 1.2-2 cm long, 1-1.2 cm VG Resins eyes SUES hates bilan elie, a opacilimba. 24 Limb spathulate, cuneate at the base, rounded at the apex, 1.2-2 cm long, 0.6-0.9 cm wide EN aNes AEN EIN PEE PALI A 48 Lie 19.6 mauiensis. 25 Limb subovate-elliptic, acute at the base, obtuse or subacute at the apex, about 2 cm long and 1 cm wide.......... kohalana. 26 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, up to 2 cm long and 1 cm wide........... notte et RRM REL AUR eae aeS EDL LC a leptostachya. 27 5. Length of limb from 2.5 to 3.2 centimeters. 6. Stigma inserted obliquely, a little below the sum- mit of the ovary. Limb ovate-oblong to lanceolate, 3-nerved, 1.9-3.2 em long, 0.8-1.4 em wide............. ACS PENS ae GL AS a Re ea pleistostachya. 28 Limb ovate, acute at the extreme base, acutely attenuate at the apex, 3-nerved, 2-24 em lone, 11-16 €m Wide. os. 63.6.5. CUNT re ae DSM aS ATR eS refractifolia. 29 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, 3-nerved, up to 2.5 cm long and 0.7 cm UC veinnare tater wa Wc Db ec. asperulata. 30 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at the base, subacutely attenuate at the apex, 2.8 cm long, 1.1 cm wide........ sate at OAT ANSOR ASEAN Md RARE APOE GEeI a RAL Ati a Helleri var. ternifolia. 49 Limb elliptic, acute at both ends, 3-nerved, up to 2.5 em long and 1.5 cm wide........... PSUR SG SCAN St BOTUES Ug a sandwicensis. 31 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, 5-nerved, up to 3 cm long and 1.5 cm wide. IN LUN AEDS US wen ae leptostachya. 27 Limb obovate or rounded-obovate, cuneate at the base, up to 3 cm long and 1.5 cm wide. SMtah cima me Manele vatararot a cual d gra sist S pachyphylla. 32 Limb ovate, acute at the extreme base, short- ly and acutely attenuate at the apex, 5- nerved, up to 3 cm long and 2 cm wide.... Ky ML PRANS 0 ak TA Pa ee A ovatilimba. 33 Limb elliptic, acute at the base, rounded or at least obtuse at the apex, 7-plinerved, 2-2.5 cm long, 1.5 cm wide..... expallescens. 34 5. Length of limb from 3 to 6 centimeters. 6. Stigma inserted obliquely, a little below the sum- mit of the ovary. 10 7. Stigma inconspicuous. Limb ovate, acute at the extreme base, shortly and acutely attenuate at the apex, 7-nerved, 3-4 cm long, 1.7-2.5 em wide.... RA HES OY Pie MERTEN 1 subnudipetiola. 35 7. Stigma pilose. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at the base, shortly and acutely attenuate at the apex, up to 4 cm long and 2 cm wide............ Need cetacean tg lant ACCT OC flavinerva. 36 6. Stigma inserted on the summit of the ovary. 7. Limb 5-7-nerved. Limb elliptic, acute at the base, subacute at the apex, 4-5 cm long, 1.8-2 cm wide...... wie diag Ulta /eh ake Nala aa GO a RSH en a pukooana. 37 7. Limb 5-plinerved. Limb elliptic, acute at the base, shortly and subacutely acuminate at the apex, 4-5 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide....... trichostigma. 38 5. Length of limb 6-17 centimeters. 6. Stigma inserted obliquely, a little below the sum- mit of the ovary. 7. Limb 5-nerved. Stigma glabrous. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at the base, acutely acuminate at the apex, up to 8 cm long and 4 cm wide.......... lanaiensis. 39 7. Limb 5-nerved. Stigma pilose. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at the base, acutely acuminate at the apex, 5-6 cm long, PAP PARES NC CH OTA = tae MeL blanda. 40 Limb elliptic, acute at both ends, up to 6 cm long and 4 cm wide...blanda var. Remyi 7. Limb 7-plinerved. Stigma inconspicuous. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, up to 8 cm long and BF TIBI RVG ne LOS a ae nudipetiola. 41 3. Rhachis pubescent. 4. Limb + pubescent on both surfaces, at least when young. 5. Stigma inserted on the summit of the ovary. 6. Spike densiflorous. Limb rounded or rhomboid-elliptic, 0.6-1.2 cm long. Berry ovate-oblong....... reflexa. 42 6. Spike laxiflorous. Limb rounded or ovate-obtuse, 0.7-1 cm long. Berry subglobose. ............. parvula. 43 2. Leaves opposite. 3. Length of limb not exceeding 4 cm. 4, Limb glabrous on both surfaces; ciliate near the apex. 5. Stigma inserted obliquely, a little below the summit of the ovary. 6. Stem glabrous. Limb ovate-lanceolate, acute at the extreme base, shortly and acutely attenuate at the apex, 5-nerved, 2-3.5 cm. long, 1.7-8.2 cm 1 Cs WMA eMac subnudilimba. 44 11 Limb elliptic-subobovate-lanceolate, cuneate at the base, subacute at the apex, 5 nerved, up to) 3.7 em long and 1.5. em widew. cod... SEDER MS UR CHARGER AAT aNCGNAL RAE Gia!" as 9 ail5y nudipeduncula. 45 6. Stem hirsute. Limb ovate-oblong, acute at the apex, 3- nerved, 2-2.5 em long, 1.4 cm wide........ ENR EE SC Ue Fernandeziana. 46 4, Limb glabrous above, pubescent underneath. 5. Stigma inserted obliquely, a little below the summit of the ovary. Limb rhombo-elliptic or sublanceolate, cuneate or obtuse at the base, attenuate or sub- obtusely acuminate at the apex, 1.5-2 or Spr Gia ONS tated CMM WIE ee a ene ees Sieatts te mal dao nete gietaieaTE NT EMS HEIDEN AL At cig insularum. 47 Limb ovate-elliptic or obovate-rounded; cun- eate at the base, obtuse at the apex, 5-7 nerved, 3.5-4 cm long, 2.5-3.5 cm wide.... EUAN stat sat oes ctei N U Deee a e latifolia. 14 5. Stigma inserted on the summit of the ovary. Limb elliptic, cuneate’ at the base, acute or subacute at the apex, 4-5.5 cm long, 2-3 cm DALE Nicit its SU cua aaa als! atlas’ day erythroclada. 48 4, Limb pubescent on both surfaces. 5. Stigma inserted obliquely and a little below the sum- mit of the ovary. Limb obovate or rounded-obovate, cuneate at the base, 2-3 cm long, 1.8-2 cm wide....... BA AM tt ORE ianeY a) ead enacted! ai cis (2 fl pachyphylla. 32 Limb elliptic-oblong, acute at both ends, 3- nerved, about 3 cm long and up to 1.2 cm Biles AAC A I UR GR a nO Helleri. 49 3. Length of limb 5.5-10 centimeters. 4. Limb glabrous above, pubescent underneath. 5. Stigma inserted obliquely, a little below the summit of the ovary. 6. Stem and branchlets glabrous or subglabrous. Limb obovate, cuneate at the base, obtuse at the apex, 5-plinerved, about 8 cm long and 4 cm wide........ Hee Aaa ahah obovatilimba. 50 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, 7- plinerved, 9.5 cm long, 3.5 ecm wide....... GL UH ana DRG Gate SCM ART ONY subglabricaulis. 51 5. Stigma inserted on the summit of the ovary. 6. Stem and branchlets glabrous or subglabrous. Limb elliptic-lanceolate or elliptic, acute at the base, acutely and long or shortly acuminate at the apex, 5.5-7.5 cm long, 2.8-2.5 or 3.2-4.5 CYPN ANCL A 5 aha ateal'n Mi aNohial Shit gia, wah a disparifolia. 52 6. Stem and branchlets pubescent, at least upwards. Spikes shorter than the limbs. 12 7. Stigma orbicular and ciliate. Limb elliptic-obovate, cuneate at the base, obtuse or shortly attenuate at the apex, 5- plinerved, up to 8 cm long and 4 cm wide BSH e Ia lee a Ra Nesta ken Oe ga astrostigma. 53 : 7. Stigma papillose. Limb subobovate-lanceolate, cuneate at the base, obtuse or acute at the apex, 7-pliner- ved, 7-10 cm long, 4.2-4.7 cm wide ........ AINA oar, SUE a cE Cg TE ow TL cornifolia. 54 4. Limb pubescent on both surfaces, 11-plinerved.. Limb ovate-acuminate, rounded at the base, acutely acuminate at the apex, up to 7.5 cm long and 3 cm wide......... hirtipetiola. 55 2. Leaves alternate. 3. Limb glabrous on both surfaces. 4. Stigma inserted obliquely and a little below the summit of the ovary. 5. Peduncles about as long as the petioles. Limb oblong-elliptic, cuneate at the base, acute at the apex, 3-nerved, 2.5 cm long, O:7-0.8) em wide: ios e.celeeee oahuensis. 56 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, cuneate at base, acute at the apex, 3-4 cm long, 0.8-1 cm wide.... Cea elk Meth cee ee SAS en Mn be oahuensis forma b. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, cuneate at the base, acutely acuminate at the apex, up to 8.5 cm long and 1.9 cm wide..... lonchophylla. 57 5. Penducles much longer than the petioles. Limb elliptic-rhomboid, cuneate at the base, subobtuse at the apex, 3-5 nerved, up to 6 cm long and 2 cm wide......... pallida. 58 3. Limb glabrous above, pubescent underneath. 4, Stigma inserted obliquely and a little below the summit of the ovary. Limb rounded or obovate-rounded, 5-nerved, about 3.2 cm long and up to 3.7 cm wide RAG SL NS aa LAG L? gine, A pe ean dentulibractea. 59 Limb rhomboid, cuneate at the base, sub- obtuse at the apex, 3-5-nerved, 4 cm long, 2 GA HAVES (Pts vate eite te ace purpurascens. 60 4. Stigma inserted on the summit of the ovary. Limb rounded, 7-nerved, 1.5-2 cm long....... Sieh Wee. elta\ ohare Wa eh Ieee Rea erteyte ts fal als ne punaluuna. 61 1. One bilobulate stigma or two distinct stigmas, lobules and stigmas very small, inserted on the summit of the ovary and opposed to the rachis. 2. Leaves in whorls. 3. Length of limb not exceeding 2.7 centimeters. 4. Limb glabrous on both surfaces. Limb oblong, cuneate at the base, acute at - the apex, up to 2.7 cm long and 0.5 cm 5400 0s nav ERA, abel, Ait Jp es REO Fauriei. 62 4. Limb pubescent on both surfaces. 13 5. Stigmas fleshy, glabrous. Limb obovate, cuneate at the base, up to 2.3 em lone and’ 1.2 em wide 2.8 ose i ees oes 5. Stigmas ciliate. Limb obovate, cuneate at the base, up to 1.7 cm long and 0.9 cm wide....mahanana. 64 3. Length of limb 4-5 centimeters. 5. Stigmas ciliate. Limb oblong-obovate, cuneate at the base, rounded or at least obtuse at the apex, 5- plinerved, 4-5 cm long 2-2.7 cm wide...... eer ad ROOD ERE NAIR Ne CUS rigidolimba. 65 3. Length of limb 6-17 centimeters. 4, Limb glabrous on both surfaces, 5-plinerved. Limb lanceolate, up to 7.5 cm long and 2 cm WUE oles cul ho ei iara eee a uae lal eld ss nervosa. 66 4. Limb glabrous above, pubescent underneath. 5. Stem and branches quite glabrous. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, cuneate at the base, obtusely or acutely acuminate at the apex, 9-10 cm long, 3.2-4.6 cm wide.............. Oey. ob aural ta a eifnpahaugaa: lilifolia forma c. 69 5. Stem and branches pubescent, at least upwards. 6. Stigmas glabrous. Limb ovate-acuminate, rounded at the base, subacutely acuminate at the apex, 5-7- pli- nerved, up to 6 cm long and 3 cm wide.... Rar LA GE MN NES aah eR Ee, Rockii. 67 6. Stigmas long ciliate. Limb ovate, rounded at the base, acutely acuminate at the apex, 7-nerved, 9.7 cm long, 5.1 em wide.......... parvanthera. 68 Limb elliptic-lanceolate, cuneate at the base, obtusely or acutely acuminate at the apex, up to 9 cm long and 3.5 cm wide........ ZS ERS IS WSLS ECHR NGA ol SUM ORR a MERU Ne lilifolia. 69 4. Limb pubescent on both surfaces, penninerved. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, 14-17 em long, 5-7 cm wide................ 2. Leaves opposite. 3. Limb glabrous on both surfaces. Limb elliptic-, or subobovate-lanceolate, 5-pli- nerved, about 4 cm long and 2-2.5 cm wide PE NALCAC INE neh U ah Ball NS A REI UM pluvigaudens. 71 3. Limb glabrous above, pubescent underneath. Limb ovate, rounded at the base, sub-attenuate or obtuse at the apex, 5-nerved, 2.7-3 cm long, 1.7-2.4 cm wide...villipeduncula. 72 3. Limb pubescent on both surfaces. Limb ovate-lanceolate, acute at the base, acutely acuminate at the apex, penninerved, 8-10 cm long, 3.2-3.5 cm wide ............. My erica an ce an evae las ehiatenval eridy eh ths Carar gia gracilescens. 73 14 1. Peperomia globulanthera C. DC. n. sp. Caule ramisque glabris; foliis ternis vel oppositis, modice petio- latis; limbo ovato-elliptico basi acuto apice subacuto utrinque glabro superne ciliolato 3-nervio, petiolo glabro; pedunculis axillaribus ter- minalibusque glabris petiolos superantibus, spicis glabris limbos paullo superantibus; bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata; antheris globosis quam filamenta multo brevioribus; ovario emerso ovato superne attenuato, summo apice stigma globosum pilosum gerente, bacca oblongo-ovata glandulis asperulata sine pseudocupula maturitate rhachis processu conico sustenta. Caulis circiter 40 cm altus fere usque ad 2 mm. crassus in sicco lignescens. Folia supera ternata subsequentia opposita. Limbi in sicco membranacei creberrime pellucido-punctulati, superi usque ad 1.5 cm longi et 8 mm lati, subsequentes usque ad 2 cm longi et 1.1 cm lati. Petioli 5 mm pedunculi 1 cm longi spicae usque ad 2 cm longae et 0.5 mm crassae; bracteae pelta paullo ultra 0.5 mm diam.; bacca paullo sub 1 mm longa. Maui, on the high swampy plateau and along the trail leading to Puu Kukui: J. F. Rock. 2. Peperomia ligustrina Hillebr. FI. p. 425. Forma b C. DC. n. f.; limbo longiore 2.2-8 cm longo. Maui, in the stream bed of Waikamoi on rocks, submerged, May, TOUS OO RO EI. 3. Peperomia HesSperomannii Wawra in Flora 1875 p. 226: Kauai, Mt. Waialeale, 6000 (5080) feet. 4. Peperomia hawaiensis C. DC. n. sp. Caule ramulisque glabris; foliis ternis vel oppositis modice petio- latis; limbo obovato-lanceolato basi cuneato apice acute breviter at- tenuato, utrinque glabro superne parce ciliolato, 5-nervio nervis externis quam alii multo tenuioribus, petiolo glabro; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque glabris petiolos superantibus; spicis glabris limbos fere triplo superantibus subdensifloris; bracteae pelta subelliptico-rotunda paullo supra centrum pedicellata; ovario emerso turbinato summo apice stigma papillosulum gerente. Caulis inferne repens e nodis radicans in sicco usque ad 2 mm _erassus ramulosus superne flexuosus. Folia supera terna, infera opposita. Limbi in sicco rigidi pellucido-punctulati, superi usque ad 2.3 cm longi et 1.1 cm lati, inferi usque ad 3 cm longi et 2 cm lati. Petioli 5 mm pedunculi circiter 1 cm longi. Spicae florentes usque ad 6 cm longae et 1.5 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm longa et fere 0.75 mm lata. 15 Hawaii, Holokaiea gulch rain-forest, 3200 ft: J. F. Rock n. 4424; rain- forest of Kohala mountain, 4000 ft: J. F. Rock. 5. Peperomia koolauana C. DC. n. sp. Omnino glabra, foliis ternis oppositisve modice petiolatis; limbo elliptico-lanceolato interdum oblique inaequilatero, 5-nervio; pedun- culis axillaribus terminalibusque petiolos aequantibus, spicis quam folia fere duplo longioribus densifloris filiformibus, bracteae pelta orbiculari centro breviter pedicellata; antheris minutis rotundatis quam filamenta brevioribus; ovario emerso ovato paullo sub apice obtuso stigma globosum oblique gerente. Ramuli e caule procumbente erecti circiter 17 cm longi duri 2 mm crassi. Limbi in sicco membranacei creberrime pellucido-punctulati circiter 3 cm longi et 1.2 cm lati. Petioli circiter 7 mm longi. Spicae fere 6 cm longae et 1 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam; Oahu, Koolau Mts. altid. 2500 ft: J. F. Rock n. 66, 1016. 6. Peperomia membranacea Hook. et Ar. in Bot. Beech. p. 96. Oahu, Beechey. Maui, on the main ridge leading to the highest peak Puu Kukui, 5700 ft. swampy forest: J. F. Rock. 7. Peperomia nudilimba C. DC. n sp. Caule ramulisque glabris; foliis ternis-quaternis, modice petiolatis glabris; limbo elliptico-lanceolato basi acuto apice obtusiuscule atten- uato, 5-plinervio nervo centrali nervos adscendentes utrinque 2 mit- tente quorum supremus fere a 5 mm supra basin solutus; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque glabris petiolos superantibus; spicis gla- bris limbos adultos paullo superantibus; bracteae pelta rontunda centro pedicellata; antheris ellipticis, thecis filamenta fere aequan- tibus; ovario emerso obovato apice obliquo, stigmate inconspicuo, Planta erecta 30 cm alta. Caulis apice ramosus, in sicco coriaceus, inferne fere 3 mm crassus. Limbi in sicco rigido-membranacei cre- berrime pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 5.5 cm longi et 2.7 cm lati, nervis in sicco subtus prominulis. Petioli usque ad 1 cm longi. Spicae florentes usque ad 6 cm longae et 1.5 mm crassae; bracteae pelta paullo ultra 0.5 mm. diam. Hawaii, Mts. of Kohala: J. F. Rock. 8. Peperomia kauaiensis C. DC. n. sp. Caule erecto glabro; foliis ternis longiuscule petiolatis glabris; limbo obovato-vel-elliptico-lanceolato basi cuneato apice acute at- tenuato, penninervio nervo centrali nervos adscendentes' tenues utrinque 3 mittente quorum supremus ab 1 cm supra basin solutus; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque glabris petiolos fere aequanti- bus: spicis glabris florentibus quam limbi paullo brevioribus funiculi- 16 formibus densifloris; bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata; an- theris ellipticis quam fllamenta longioribus, ovario emerso obovato paullo sub apice stigma minutum glabrum gerente. Caulis simplex circiter 35 cm longus in sicco coriaceus et com- planatus. Limbi in sicco membranacei haud dense pellucido-punctu- lati, superi circiter 6 cm longi et 1.5 cm lati, subsequentes usque ad 7 cm longi et 1.7 cm lati. Petioli 1 cm longi. Spicae florentes 4 cm longae, 2 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam. Kauai, Hanapepe: Faurie n. 100. Forma b, limbo minore usque ad 3.5 cm longo et 1 cm lato. Kauai, Kauhao, 800 m: Faurie n. 101. 9. Peperomia Hochreutineri C. DC. in Ann. Cons. bot. Gen. vol. XV, XVI, p. 234. Kauai, Waimea. 10. Peperomia eekana C. DC. n. sp. Ramis e caule procumbente erectis dense et sat longe hirsutis; foliis plerumque ternis modice petiolatis; limbo ovato vel oblongo- ovato basi ima obtuso vel subacuto apice subacuto, supra glabro sub- tus dense hirsuto, 3-nervio, petiolo dense hirsuto; pedunculis axillari- bus terminalibusque haud dense hirsutis petiolos multo superantibus; spicis glabris limbos aequantibus vel paullo superantibus, subdensi- floris; bracteae pelta rotunda centro subsessili; antheris ellipticis, thecis quam filamenta brevioribus; ovario emerso obovato paullulo sub apice stigma carnosum glabrum gerente. Caulis procumbens, haud dense hirsutis, e nodis radicans, 2 mm crassus pili 1 mm longi. lLimbi in sicco subrigidi pellucido-punc- tulati, subtus in vivo pallidi in sicco pallide rubiginosi, superi usque ad 23 mm longi et 11 mm lati. Petioli superi 3-4 mm, pedunculi 10 mm longi. Spicae 2.5-3.5 cm longae 1.5 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam. Bacca matura rhachis processus sustenta.—P. hypo- leuca, var. montis Eeka Hillebr. FJ. p. 422. Maui occcidentali, monte Heka: Hillebr in h. Berol.; Oahu on and near the summit of Konahuanui: Heller n. 2248; Koolau Mts.: J. F. Rock, n. 10 et 23. 11. Peperomia Cookiana C. DC. in Prodr. v. XVI, 1. p. 450. Maui and Molokai (f. Hillebr. Fl. p. 427.) 12. Peperomia Knudsenii C. DC. n. sp. Caule piloso; foliis ternis breviter petiolatis, limbo lanceolato supera glabro subtus piloso, 3-nervio, petiolo dense piloso; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque petiolos pluries superantibus parce pilosis; spicis glabris limbos paullo superantibus subdensifioris; bracteae 17 pelta orbiculari centro pedicellata; antheris rotundatis minutis, bacca ovata basi immersa apice oblique rostellata glandulis asperulata. Planta ut videtur erecta. Caulis in sicco 1 mm crassus. Limbi in sicco firmi supra fusci subtus pallidiores, usque ad 4.5 cm longi et 1 cm. lati. Petioli 3 mm, pedunculi fere 2 cm longi. Spicae fere 5.5 cm longae, 1 mm crassae; baccae mucronulus flavicans.—Planta verisimiliter a cl. Hillebrand (Flor. p. 421) post Macraeana, ., citata. Kava (Kauai?)*: Knudsen in h. Berol. ex. h. Hillbr. 138. Peperomia hypoleuca Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 136. Kauai, Oahu, Maui (f. Hillebr. Fl. p. 422.) Hawaii, forest near Kilauea volcano, 4000 ft.: J. F. Rock. 14, Peperomia latifolia Mig. 1. c. p. 128. Kauai, Hanapepe fall: Faurie n. 145.; Oahu, Kalihi: Faurie n. 146; on Tantalus: Heller n. 2116; Molokai, Pukoo: Faurie n. 144; Maui, along Waikamoi ditch trail, in dense forest: J. F. Rock, Halea- kala, 1000 m.: Faurie n. 106, 147; Lanai, Mahana valley: J. F. Rock n. 8092. 15. Peperomia kamoloana C. DC. n. sp. Caule ramisque haud dense pilosis; foliis ternis modice petiolatis; limbo elliptico-lanceolato basi et apice acuto supra glabro subtus sub- dense piloso, 5-nervio; petiolo haud dense piloso; pedunculis axillari- bus terminalibusque petiolos superantibus parce pilosis; spicis glabris folia paullo superantibus densifloris filiformibus; bracteae pelta ro- tunda centro longiuscule pedicellata, antheris rotundato-ellipticis quam filamenta brevioribus; ovario emerso ovato paullo sub apice obtuso stigma papillosulum gerente; bacca ovata superne subattenuata glan- dulis albidis asperulata. Planta erecta. Caulis ramosus in sicco subrigidus et complanatus inferne 2 mm crassus. Limbi in sicco membranacei parce pellucido- punctulati, 3.2 cm longi, 1.7 cm lati. Petioli 6 mm. pedunculi 2 cm longi. Spicae usque ad 5 cm longae, in sicco sub 1 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam., bacca paullo longior, sine pseudocupulo. Molokai, Kamolo: Faurie n. 124, 16. Peperomia maunakeana C. DC. n. sp. Ramulis junioribus hirtellis; foliis ternis modice petiolatis; limbo ovato-lanceolato basi acuto apice obtusiuscule attenuato, supra glabro subtus hirtello, 5-plinervio nervo centrali a 5 mm supra basin trifido; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque petiolos fere aequantibus jun- * Unquestionably Kauai, for Knudsen collected only on that island. J. F. Rock. 18 ioribus hirtellis; spicis glabris quam limbi paullo brevioribus; bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata; antheris rotundato-ellipticis quam filamenta adulta sat longa brevioribus; ovario emerso obovato paullo sub apice stigma minutum glabrum gerente. Planta erecta circiter 30 cm alta. Caulis glaber inferne 6 mm crassus. Limbi in sicco rigidi fere pellucido-punctulati, superi 5-4 cm longi, usque ad 2 cm lati, subsequentes basi rotundati; nervi sub- tus prominali. Petioli 0.8-1 cm longi cito fere glabri. Spicae florentes 2.5 cm longae usque ad 1.5 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam. Hawaii, Maunakea, 1500 m. Julio: Faurie n. 127. 17. Peperomia longirama C. DC. n. sp. Ramis superne haud dense pilosis; foliis oppositis-ternis modice petiolatis; limbo elliptico-lanceolato basi et apice acuto; supra glabro subtus hirsuto, 5-plinervio nervo centrali nervos adscendentes 2 mit- tente quorum supremus a 0.5-1 cm supra basin solutus, petiolo su- perne hirsuto, pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque petiolos fere aequantibus superne parce pilosis; spicis glabris florentibus quam limbi paullo brevioribus funiculiformibus densifloris; bracteae pelta orbiculari centro pedicellata; antheris ellipticis quam filamenta adulta paullo brevioribus; ovario emerso obovato paullo sub apice obtuso stigma punctiforme glabrum oblique gerente. Caulis glaber in sicco coriaceus usque ad 4 mm crassus, sat longe ramosus ramis usque ad 30 cm longis. Limbi in sicco rigido-mem- branacei creberrime pellucido-punctulati, superi usque ad 5 em longi et 2 cm lati, subsequentes usque ad 6 cm longi et 2.6 cm lati. Pe- tioli superi 0.6-1 cm longi. Spicae florentes 3.5 cm longae 1.5 mm crassae; bracteae pelta fere 0.5 mm diam. Oahu, Koolau Mts. Punaluu Mts: J. F. Rock n. 414, 458. 18. Peperomia astigmata C. DC. n. sp. Plate I. Caule superne dense hirsuto; foliis sat longe petiolatis; limbo elliptico-lanceolato basi cuneato. apice subacute attenuato supra glabro subtus dense hirsuto, 5-plinervio, nervo centrali fere a 5 mm supra basin trifido, petiolo dense hirsuto; pedunculis axillaribus terminali- busque petiolos fere aequantibus haud dense hirsutis; spicis glabris limbos fere aequantibus densifloris; bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata; antheris rotundatis quam filamenta longiuscula breviori- bus; ovario emerso oblongo-obovato apice rotundato, stigmate nullo. Caulis erectus circiter 40 cm longus, in sicco coriaceus usque ad 5 mm crassus. Folia opposita vel ternata. Limbi in sicco rigido- membranacei creberrime pellucido-punctulati, superi 5 cm longi 2.5 19 cm lati, subsequentes usque ad 8 cm longi et 3 cm lati. Petioll superi 1 cm subsequentes 1.5 cm longi. Spicae usque ad 5 cm longae et 1 mm crassae, bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam. Hawaii, Kohala Mts: J. F. Rock. 19. Peperomia ellipticibacca C. DC. n. sp. Caule ramisque dense hirsutis; foliis ternis modice petiolatis; limbo ovato-lanceolato basi acuto apice obtusiuscule attenuato supra glabro subtus hirsuto 3-nervio, petiolo dense hirsuto; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque petiolos multo superantibus hirsutis; spicis glabris limbos fere aequantibus densifloris; bracteae pelta ro- tunda centro pedicellata; antheris rotundato-ellipticis, quam filamenta multo brevioribus; ovario emerso ovato summo apice stigmati fero, stigmate rotundo carnoso papillosuloque; bacca elliptica glandulis globosis densissime conspersa sine pseudocupula. Herba e basi radicante erecta circiter 25 cm alta, caulis inferne usque ad 6 mm crassus. Limbi in sicco rigido-membranacei creber- rime pellucido-punctulati, superi 2.2-3.5 cm longi et 1.3 cm lati, sub- sequentes usque ad 4 cm longi et 2.7 cm lati, inferi obovati basi cuneati apice breviter et obtuse attenuati 4.5 em longi 2 cm lati. Petioli superi 2-3 mm pedunculi usque ad 1.2 cm longi. Spicae 1 cm longae 1.5 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam; bacca paullo ultra 1 mm longa. Oahu, Punaluu: Faurie n. 1381; Koolau: J. F. Rock. n. 457. 20. Peperomia molokaiensis C. DC. n. sp. Caule ramisque gilabris; foliis ternis modice petiolatis, limbo elliptico-lanceolato basi acuto apice acute acuminato supra glabro subtus piloso, 5-plinervio nervo centrali a fere 1 cm supra basin trifido, petiolo glabro; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque glabris petiolos fere aequantibus, spicis glabris limbos supremos_ fere aeguantibus densifloris, bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata, an- theris ellipticis, thecis filamenta longiuscula fere aequantibus, ovario emerso turbinato summo apice rotundo stigma minutum glabrum gerente., Caulis erectus, ut videtur circiter 40 cm altus, in sicco coriaceus complanatus inferne 4 mm crassus. Limbi in sicco membranacei haud crebre pellucido-punctati, supremi circiter 5 cm longi 2-2.5 cm lati, subsequentes usque ad 9 cm longi et 3 cm lati. Petioli supremi 1 cm, subsequentes usque ad 2 cm longi. Spicae florentes 1.5 mm crassae, bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam. Molokai, Pukoo, Maio: Faurie n. 128, 20 21. Peperomia Macraeana C. DC. in Journ. bot. 1866. p. 145, in Prodr. v. XVI, 1 p. 457. Maui and Molokai (f. Hillebr. Fl. p. 421). Hawaii: Macrae (f. C. DC. 1. c.). 22. Peperomia pachycaulis C. DC. n. sp. Caule superne dense hirtello inferne crasso et glabro; foliis Op- positis-ternis sat longe petiolatis; limbo elliptico-lanceolato basi et apice acuto, supra ad nervos et praesertim ad centralem subtus ubique et sat dense hirtello, 7-plinervio, nervo centrali nervos ad- scendentes utrinque 2 mittente quorum supremus a 3 cm supra basin solutus nervo laterali adscendente utrinque a basi soluto, petiolo dense hirtello; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque dense hirtellis petiolos subaequantibus, spicis glabris quam limbi brevioribus densi- floris, bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata; antheris rotundato- ellipticis, thecis quam filamenta enserta brevioribus; ovario emerso obovato paullo sub apice stigma puntiforme et inconspicuum oblique gerente. Herba ut videtur erecta, circiter 50 cm alta. Caulis simplex in sicco coriaceus et complanatus inferne usque ad 1.5 cm crassus. Limbi in sicco membranacei e pellucido-punctulati, 10-12.5 cm longi et 5.7 cm lati. Petioli circiter 4 cm, pedunculi 1 cm longi. Spicae -florentes circiter 4 cm longae et 2 mm crassae in sicco complanatae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam. Molokai?: Faurie n. 1380. 23. Peperomia psilostigma. C. DC. n. sp. Caule ramulisque glabris; foliis modice petiolatis oppositis vel ternis-quaternis; limbo elliptico-lanceolato, basi acuto apice obtusius- culo, supra ad nervos haud dense piloso subtus glabro margineque superne ciliato, 5-plinervio nervo centrali paullo supra basin trifido, nervo laterali adscendente utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo glabro; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque glabris petiolos adultos fere aequantibus, spicis limbos fere aequantibus funiculiformibus densi- floris glabris; bracteae, pelta orbiculari centro pedicellata, pedicello cum flore rhachi haud profunde immerso; antheris ellipticis fila- menta superantibus; ovario obovato summo apice stigmatifero stig- mate orbiculari glabro. Caules a basi e nodis radicante erecti circiter 40 cm alti, glabri, superne verticillatim ramosi, in sicco duri, inferne usque ad 0.4 cm crassi. Limbi in sicco rigidi pellucido-punctulati, 4.5-5.5 cm longi 2-2.5 cm lati. Petioli adulti circiter 1 cm longi. Spicae circiter 2 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam.—Species P. lanceolatae C. DC. 21 ex Andibus Quitensibus proxima, ramulis glabris spicis multo brev- ioribus et crassioribus ab ea discrepans. Maui, on the high swampy plateau and along the trail leading to Puu Kukui, 7540 ft: J. F. Rock. Forma b; limbo in sicco subtus rubrocum nervis flavis; ibid. 24, Peperomia opacilimba C. DC. n. sp. Ramulis junioribus dense hirsutis dein glabris et minute lenticel- losis; foliis ternis modice petiolatis; limbo rotundato-ovato utrinque et praesertim subtus hirsuto; petiolo juniore dense hirsuto dense sub- glabro et minute lenticelloso; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque parce pilosis petiolos superantibus; spicis glabris limbos fere aequan- tibus, filiformibus subdensifloris; bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedi- cellata; antheris rotundatis minutis, thecis quam filamenta paullo brevioribus; ovario emerso obovato paullo sub apice stigma globosum glabrum oblique gerente; bacca obovata apice oblique et obtuse apiculata, glandulis asperulata. Caulis inferne radicans in sicco lignescens usque ad 4 mm crassus, ramuli spiciferi erecti usque ad 10 cm alti. Limbi in sicco coriacei, superi usque ad 1.5 cm longi et 1.2 cm lati, subsequentes usque ad 2 cm longi et 1.2 cm lati. Petioli superi circiter 5 mm, pedunculi usque ad 1.2 cm longi. Spicae usque ad 1.7 cm longae fere 1 mm crassae; bracteae, pelta 0.5 mm diam.; bacca paullo ultra 0.55 mm longa, sessilis. Hawaii, Maunakea, 2000 m. Julio: Faurie n. 169. 25. Peperomia mauiensis Wawra in Flora 1875, p. 225. Maui, basi rupium in vallibus; Faurie, n. 103. Var. parvifolia Hillebr. Fl. (1888) p. 425. Maui, Iao Valley in lacunis seccus torrentes: Faurie n. 110, Maka- wao 700 m. n, 102. 26. Peperomia kohalana. C. DC. n. sp. Plate II. Caule ramulisque hirsutis; foliis ternis-quaternis modice petiolatis; limbo subovato-elliptico, basi ima acuto apice obtuso vel subobtuso utrinque hirsuto supra postea subglabro, 3-nervio, petiolo hirsuto; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque hirsutis petiolos multo super- antibus, spicis quam limbi fere triplo longioribus glabris filiformibus subdensifloris; bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata, antheris rotundatis parvis filamenta fere aequantibus; ovario emerso ovato paullo sub apice obtuso stigma globosum glabrum gerente, bacca ovata apice obtusa, glandulis asperulata. Planta terricola. Rami e caule procumbente radicante 2.5 mm 22 crasso erecti, ramuli spiciferi 1 mm crassi. Limbi in sicco rigidi subopaci haud pellucido-punctulati, subtus ad paginam rubescentes vel rubro- maculati ad nervas flavescentes, superi circiter 2 cm longi et 1 cm lati. caulini subsequentes usque ad 3 cm longi et 1.5 cm lati. Petioli 4 mm pedunculi 11 mm longi. Spicae 0.75 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam.; bacca paullo sub 1 mm longa. Species limbis subtus partim rubescentis et flavescentes P. flavinervam referens sed limbis multo minoribus ellipticis et apice haud acutis ac spicis longioribus et stigmate glabro ab ea a leptostachya forma limbi et pilis longioribus discrepans. Hawaii, Paauhau forest: J. F. Rock n. 4428; dense rain forest of Kohala mountain, 4000 ft: J. F. Rock. 27. Peperomia leptostachya Hook. & Arn. in Beech. Bot. p. 96. (1832) Kauai, Koloa: Faurie n. 152; Oahu, Kalihi n. 154; Molokai, Ka- molo n. 151, 156, 166. Forma carnosior C. DC. n. f. caule carnoso in sicco usque ad 5 mm crasso. Kauai, along the Hanapepe river near the falls: A. Heller n. 2570; Oahu: A. Heller n. 2237; Maui, east woods of Hamakua, 4000 ft: J. F. Rock n. 8541; Nahiku: Faurie n. 121. 28. Peperomia pleistostachya Hillebrand. FI. p. 427. Molokai, pali of Pelekunu: Hillebr. 29. Peperomia refractifolia Léveillé in Fedde Rep. v. X. p. 151 (1912) amend. Caulibus ramosis hirsutis; foliis ternis modice petiolatis; limbo ovato basi ima acuto apice acuto attenuato utrinque hirsuto, 3-nervio, petiolo hirsuto; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque haud dense hirsutis petiolos superantibus, spicis glabris quam limbi fere triplo longioribus densifloris; bracteae pelta orbiculari centro pedicellata; antheris ellipticis thecis filamenta superantibus; ovario emerso obovato paullo sub apice stigma rotundatum glabrum gerente; ses Ie ovata apice breviter et obtuse apiculata. Rami a caule radicante divaricantes 1.5 mm crassi in sicco nigri. Limbi in sicco rigidi nigri opaci,.2-2.7 cm longi 1-1.6 cm lati. Petioli 0.6-1 cm pedunculi usque ad 1.5 cm longi. Spicae usque ad 9.5 cm longae 1 mm crassae in sicco nigrae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam.; bacca 0.75 mm longa. Molokai, Pukoo, 800 m., Maio: Faurie n. 183; Hawaii, dense wet forest near Kilauea volcano, altid. 4000 ft, July, J. F. Rock; Moonuia- hea, slopes of Mt. Hualalai, 6000 ft. on Acacia Koa: n. 4430. 23 30. Peperomia asperulata, C. DC. in Ann. Cons. bot. Gen. Vol. XV, XVI, p. 233. Kauai, Waimea. 31. Peperomia sandwicensis Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 126. Oahu. 32. Peperomia pachyphylla Mig. Syst. Pip. p. 137. Oahu: Beechey; Molokai (f. Hillebr. Fl. p. 424.) 33. Peperomia ovatilimba C. DC. n. sp. Caule ramulisque dense villosis; foliis ternis modice petiolatis; limbo ovato basi ima acuto obtusove apice breviter et acute attenuato, supra ad nervos subtus ubique et longiuscule piloso, ciliolato; 5- nervio nervis tenuibus; petiolo dense villoso; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque villosis petiolos superantibus, spicis glabris quam limbi usque ad duplo longioribus filiformibus; bracteae pelta orbicu- lari centro pedicellata; antheris rotundato-ellipticis, thecis filamenta aequantibus; ovario emerso ovato paullo sub apice obtuso stigma pilosum cito glabrum oblique gerente; bacca ovata apice oblique et brevissime apiculata glandulis dense asperulata. Caulis e basi repente erectus?, ramosus circiter 35 cm longus in- ferne usque ad 2 mm. crassus. Limbi in sicco membranacei haud dense pellucido-punctulati, superi usque ad 3 cm longi et 2 cm. lati. Petioli superi usque ad 7 mm, pedunculi adulti 1-1.2 cm _ longi. Spicae 1 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam.; bacca 0.75 mm longa. Kauai, Olokele, 1000 m.: Faurie n. 125; Molokai, Pukoo: Faurie n. 123, 165; Hawaii, Alakahi Valley, 4300 ft. swampy land: J. F. Rock n, 4417, 4419; Mt. Kohala: J. F. Rock: Hilo: Faurie no. 153, 155, Forma b; pilis ramulorum et foliorum brevioribus, pedunculis pe- tiolos multo superantibus, spicis quam limbi fere triplo, longioribus. Lanai, Mahana Valley, leaves reddish: J. F. Rock n. 80938; Maui, in woods at Hamakua n. 8583; Hawaii, Waipio Valley: n. 4646. Forma c; limbo supra ubique pubescente, usque ad 4 cm longo et 3.2 cm lato. Kauai, Olokele, 600 m: Faurie n. 125; Molokai, Pukoo: n. 123, 165; Hawaii, forest of Paauhau, altid. 3600 ft: J. F. Rock n. 3253, 4426, 4429, Alakahi Valley, altid. 4200 ft. n. 4418; Kohala: Faurie n. 134; Mauna Kea, 2000 m., n. 149. 34. Peperomia expallescens C. DC. n. sp. Caule superne hirsuto inferne glabro; foliis ternis modice petio- latis; limbo elliptico basi acuto apice rotundato vel saltem obtuso 24 utrinque et subtus densius piloso, 7-plinervio, nervo centrali nervos utrinque 2-mittente nervoque uno utrinque a basi soluto, petiolo hirsuto; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque hirsutis petiolos fere aequan- tibus, spicis glabris folia fere aequantibus bracteae pelta orbiculari centro pedicellata pedicello cum flore rhachi leviter immerso; an- theris ellipticis, thecis quam filamenta adulta brevioribus, ovario obovato paullo sub apice stigma inconspicuum glabrum gerente. Caules e basi radicante erecti, inferne circiter 2 mm crassi. Limbi carnosi in sicco rigidi opaci pallidi pellucido-punctulati, 2-2.5 cm longi 1.5 cm lati. Petioli 7 mm, pedunculi 5 mm longi. Spicae florentes usque ad 3 cm longae, 1 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam. Maui, on the high swampy plateau and along the trail leading to Puu Kukui, 5780 ft.: J. F. Rock. 35. Peperomia subnudipetiola C. DC. n. sp. Caule tantum apice et parce piloso; foliis ternis modice petiolatis; Limbo ovato basi ima acuto apice breviter et acute attenuato utrinque hirsuto, 7-nervio nervis externis quam alii tenuioribus, petiolo superne parce piloso; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque, petiolos paullo superantibus superne parce pilosis, spicis glabris limbos paullo super- antibus densifloris; bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata; an- theris ellipticis, thecis quam filamenta adulta paullo brevioribus; ovario emerso obovato paullo sub apice stigma punctiforme incon- spicuum oblique gerente. Planta erecta. Caulis ut videtur simplex usque ad 2 mm crassus. Limbi in sicco membranacei pellucido-punctulati, 3-4 cm longi 1.7-2.5 cm lati. Petioli usque ad 1 cm pedunculi usque ad 1.4 cm longi. Spicae florentes circiter 5.5 cm longae 2 mm crassae; bracteae pelta fere 0.5 mm diam. Oahu, Punaluu, 800 m: Faurie n. 129 p- p. et 1131. 36. Peperomia flavinerva C. DC. n. sp. Plate III. Caule superne ramisque dense et sat longe hirsutis; foliis ternis modice petiolatis, limbo ovato-lanceolato basi acuto apice acute et breviter attenuato, supra tantum inferne et praesertim ad nervum centralem subtus ubique hirsuto, 5-nervio nervis in sicco flavis; petiolo hirsuto; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque hirsutis petiolos super- antibus, spicis limbos fere aequantibus densifloris glabris; bracteae pelta subelliptico-rotunda paullo supra centrum longiuscule pedicel- lata; antheris ellipticis filamenta aequantibus; ovario emerso ovato paullo sub apice obtuso stigma sat longe pilosum gerente. Caules e basi stolonifera erecti usque ad 35 cm longi et 3 mm 29 crassi in sicco tetragono-complanati; pili 1 mm longi. Limbi in sicco membranacei pellucido-punctulati, in vivo subtus rubri cum nervis flavis, superi usque ad 3 cm longi et 1.5 cm lati, caulini usque ad 4 cm longi et 2 cm lati. Petioli usque ad 1.2 cm longi. Spicae florentes circiter 3 cm longae et 1.55 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.75 mm longa et paullo angustior. Molokai, Pelekunu forest, 4800 ft: J. F. Rock n. 6142, 37. Peperomia pukooana C. DC. n. sp. Caule ramisque dense hirsutis; foliis oppositis modice petiolatis; limbo elliptico basi acuto apice subacuto utrinque dense hirtello, 5-7 nervio, petiolo dense hirtello; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque hirtellis petiolos superantibus, spicis quam folia paullo longioribus glabris funiculiformibus densifioris; bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata; antheris ellipticis, thecis filamenta superantibus; ovario emerso suboblongo-obovato summo apice stigma sat longe pilosum gerente. Caulis e basi radicante erectus circiter 20 cm altus, in sicco coriaceus inferne usque ad 3 mm crassus, superne breviter ramosus. Limbi in sicco membranacei pellucido-punctulati, 4-5 cm longi 1.8-2 cm lati. Petioli 5 mm, pedunculi usque ad 1.3 cm longi. Spica florens usque ad 6 cm longa et paullo ultra 1 mm crassa; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam. Molokai, Pukoo: Faurie n. 120. 38. Peperomia trichostigma C. DC. n. sp. Caule superne ramoso et dense pubescente; foliis oppositis ternis modice petiolatis; limbo elliptico basi acuto apice breviter et suba- cute acuminato supra prope basin subtus ubique et sat dense pube- scente, 5-plinervio nervo centrali paullulo supra basin trifido laterali utrinque a basi soluto quam alii multo tenuiore, petiolo pubescento; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque dense pubescentibus petiolos superantibus; spicis glabris filiformibus densifloris quam limbi multo longioribus; bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata; antheris ellipticis, thecis quam filamenta adulta sat longa brevioribus; ovario eMerso ovato summo apice stigma subovatum pilosum gerente. Planta terricola ut videtur erecta usque ad 50 cm alta. Caulis in sicco lignescens inferne fere glaber et usque ad 4 mm crassus. Limbi in sicco firmo-membranacei pellucido-punctulati, 5 cm longi et 2-2.5 cm lati. Petioli 6 mm, pedunculi usque ad 1 cm longi. Spicae florentes usque ad 7.5 cm longae et 1 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.6 mm diam. Maui, on the high swampy plateau and along the trail leading to Puu Kukui, 5780 ft: J. F. Rock. Forma b; limbo in sicco subtus rubro cum nervis flavis. 26 39. Peperomia lanaiensis C. DC. n. sp. Caule hirsuto; foliis ternis modice petiolatis; limbo elliptico-lan- ceolato basi acute attenuato apice acute acuminato 5-nervio supra ad nervos et inferne ad paginam subtus ubique hirtello, petiolo hirtello; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque parce puberulis petiolos super- antibus; spicis glabris filiformibus subdensifloris limbos fere duplo superantibus; bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata; antheris ellipticis quam filamenta adulta sat longa brevioribus; ovario emerso obovato glandulis consperso, paullo sub apice obtuso stigma minutum glabrum oblique gerente; bacca ovata glandulis asperulata apice oblique et flavide rostelata. Planta erecta circiter 40 cm alta. Caulis simplex vel superne parce ramosus inferne 4 mm crassus in sicco lignescens. Limbi in sicco membranacei creberrime pellucido-punctulati usque ad 8 cm longi et 4 cm lati. Petioli 1 cm pedunculi 2 cm longi. Spicae 1 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam. bacca fere 0.75 mm. longa, sine pseudocupula. Species a/P. blanda Kth. Tantum limbis majori- bus pilisque multo brevioribus ac stigmate glabro discrepans. Lanai, Mahana Valley, 2000 ft: J. F. Rock n. 8089, 8093 p-p. 40. Peperomia blanda Kunth Nov. Gen. V. I, p. 67. Hawaii, Waipio Valley: J. F. Rock. Var. glabrior C. DC. n. var.; Caule glabro, ramulis hirtellis; foliis plerumque ternis, limbo elliptico-lanceolato, 4.5-5 cm longo 2.5-3 cm lato supra subglabro glabrove subtus hirtello, 5-nervio; spicis usque ad 8 cm. longis. Oahu, Kalihi: Faurie n. 168, Hawaii, Halawa, n. 114, Kohala, n. 115. Var. Remyi C. DC. n. var. P. Remyi C. DC. in Ann. Cons. bot. Gen. 2 me ann. p. 286; limbo magis elliptico, pilis quam in specie brevioribus. Kauai, on the ridge west of Hanapepe: Heller n. 26388. 41. Peperomia nudipetiola C. DC. n. sp. Caule glabro; foliis ternis oppositisve sat longe petiolatis; limbo elliptico-lanceolato basi cuneato apice acute acuminato, supra ad nmervos et haud dense subtus ubique et subdense piloso, 7-plinervio nervo centrali fere a 1.5 cm supra basin trifido nervis lateralibus utrinque 2 a basi solutis quorum caterni aliis multo tenuiores, petiolo glabro; pedunculis glabris petiolos aequantibus, spicis glabris quam limbi paullo brevioribus funiculiformibus densifloris, bracteae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata; antheris ellipticis quam filamenta brevia longioribus; ovario emerso obovato superne subcomplanato, stigmate inconspicuo. 27 Caulis in sicco coriaceus complanatus, usque ad 4.5 mm crassus. Limhbi in sicco firmo-membranacei crebre pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 8 cm longi et 4 cm lati. Petioli 1-1.5 cm longi. Spicae florentes circiter 6 cm longae et usque ad 2 mm crassae; bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diam. 7 Hawaii, Holokaiea Gulch, altid. 3200 ft: rain belt: J. F. Rock, n. 4423. B: microtricha; limbis 5-plinerviis, pilis parvis hyalinis cito de- ciduis; pedunculis solitariis vel in apice ramuli binatis ternatisve vel usque ad 5 umbellatis squamis fultis. Hawaii, Kohala Mts: J. F. Rock. 42. Peperomia reflexa Dietr. Sp. V-I, p. 180. Forma Forsteriana Miq. Syst. Pip. p. 173. Kauai, Waimea, 1000 m.: Faurie n. 184; Oahu, Kalihi in rupibus; n. 135; Hawaii, Hilo, n. 137. Forma parvifolia C. DC. in Prodr. v. XVI, 1, p. 452. Kauai, on the ridge opposite Gay & Robinson’s Hanapepe Valley house: