'Vt'li.;:

';!'i'N':';':;Hn'';;l:'i!i';'1.>i^

•^th^

COLOURED FIGURES

OF

ENGLISH FUNGI

O R

MUSHROOMS,

BY

JAMES S O W E R B Y, F. L. S.

DESIGNER OF ENGLISH BOTANY, ETC.

. . . . " Was cv'ry falt'ring tongue of mani

Almighty Father ! filent in thy praife,

Thy works thcmfelves would raife a general voice;

Even in the depth of folitary woods.

By human foot untrod, proclaim thy power."

VOL. I. TAB. I.— CXX.

LIBRARY

NEW VOK'K
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LONDON:

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MDCCXCVII.

M.\-3

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PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY,

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PRESIDENT OF THE LINNiEAN SOCIETY,
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NATURAL HISTORY. I

I
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TO MY ACQUAINTANCE WITH THE LATTER IT IS OWING THAT I

I HAVE NOT LONG SINCE QUITTED THE PLEASING

SCIENCE OF BOTANY ; AND FOR HIM, AS THE

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PECULIAR RESPECT AND ESTEEM. '

I

I

THAT THIS TRIBUTE OP GRATITUDE MAY NOT PROVE

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SINCERE DESIRE OP THEIR

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HUMBLE SERVANT,

J. SOWERBY.

No. 7,

Mead Place, Lambeih, Surry,

Sept. ill, 1797.

PREFACE.

XlAVIXG undertaken the prefent Work, I
feel great fatisfaftion in the encouragement it
receives from the pubHc, which I fhall endea-
vour to continue to deferve.

The Twelfth Number contains the promifed
Index, in which are included fome fynonyms
from different authors, many of them not quoted
in the defcriptions to the figures ; nor could I,
with confidence, have cited all of tliem at the
time thofe defcriptions were written, as I daily
acquire a better knowledge of the fpecies of
Fungi ; fo that I flatter myfelf with being able in
the end more perfeftly to diflinguifh them than
could at firft have been expefted. In this.
Nature feems ready to lend her afTiftance ; that
very hmplicity of flrufture which in many cafes
appears to ha\'c led authors into confufion,
being, one would think, more likely to make
this tribe of plants eafily underftood. Some of
them are cxa6f ly a year in their progrefs to ma-
turity ; yet their changes in the courfe of that
progrefs are very trifling, compared with thofe
we fee in (what are termed) perfect plants : fuch
flight changes however have given rife to many
fuppofed fpecies. Much more frequently there-
fore have varieties been defcribed as fuch, fo that

PREFACE.

one fpecies often happens to have been figured or
defcribed ten times over. It is indeed eafier to
defcribe or draw an individual variety, than to
afcertain to what fpecies it belongs, while it may
be compared to fo many in different authors.
When they are more clearly afcertained, we
fhall polTibly be able to cultivate the ufeful
kinds ; for only one, the common Mujhroom, or
Agaricus campefiris, is at prefent cultivated. Some
I am fure would be admired as ornaments; others
are already made ufe of for culinary and ceco-
nomical purpofes, more particularly in foreign
countries. Some I am perfuaded would afTift in
dyeing. Several of the Sphaerias yield the fineft
black I ever met with. The Lycoperdons afford
in their ripe ftate different browns very copi-
oufly, in a fine impalpable powder, fit for im-
mediate drawing when mixed with a little gum
arable water. I intend when I figure fome of
the Lycoperdons to ufe their own powder to
reprefent itfelf.

T A B. I.
AGARICUS voLVACEUS Bulliard t. 262.

r OUND in qrcar j)lcnt\- in tlic bark-hcds of hot-
jiouies about London in the year 1785. The Rev. Mi.
Relhan, lb Avell know n by his Flora Cantabri^icnfis^ dil-
covered it in Dr. Harwood's bark-bed at Caml)ri(lge lall
year 1794, and, confidcring it as a great curioiity, very-
kindly favoured me with fpecimens. The fame year I
met with it growing in a lane at Peckham, inclining
to the appearance of Bidliard's A. va^inatus. On the
2ift of Augull 1795 J found in Earl Spencer's park at
Wimbledon a fpecimen refembling that figure which
is jurt difengaging itfelf from the vo/va, but four times
as large, with a lighter coloured pileus, but gills cor-
refponding in colour to thefe ; it giew on a very
rotten Itump of a Lime-tree.

TAB. II.

AGARICUS CEP. EST I PES.
A. LUTEUS With. 'vol. 3. 3-14.
A. CRETACEUS BulHard f. 374.

rSOT uncommon in bark-beds about London, moftly
found of a chalk\' white, efpecially when in a half di y
llate, to which Bulliard's name alludes. At Sir A. I lume's
at Wormley-bury in 1793 I obfcrvcd the bark-bed full
of it, all perfe(flly > cllow, agreeing with Dr. VVithcr-
ing's denomination. As the white and yellow kinds
differ in nothing but colour, and are undoubtedly the
fame fpecieb, I have named it from the form of the
Italk (like that of an onion) which will always charac-
terize this fjiccics.

T A B. III.
PEZIZA CERE A Bul/iard t.

bu RELY fufficiently diftin6t from veficuloja 8c cocb-
leata, as the two following plates will fhew. It is found
on tan-beds.

TAB. IV.

PEZIZA VESICULOSA Bulliardt. 457.

V ERY common on expofed dung-hills. It may have
been paffed over for P. cochleata^ which is rather more
rare, and affects a different lituation. It is eafily dif-
tinguifhed from cerea & cochleata by being found more
or lefs compofed of an inner and outer cup (fee the
perpendicular fecflion), between which the frucftifica-
tion feems to be produced.

TAB. V.
PEZIZA COCHLEATA Linn. & Hudf.

This is certainly diftincSl from the two preceding. It
grows in woods and damp places, and is always invo-
luted more or lefs in a fpiral manner.

T A B. \'l.

RETICULARIA sinuosa Bulliard t.

Jr OUND in woods and under damp hedges, growing
paralitically on various decayed lierbage. Bulliard's
nanie is very apt.

T A B. VII.

AGARICUS GLUTiNosus Schcrff. t.zb.f. i, 2,3,4.
A. LiMACiNUs Dickf.fafc. 1. /. 15.
— VELATUS With. 'Vol. 3. 290.

Gathered in a fir wood near Bungay, Suffolk, in
company with Mr. Woochvard, to \\hore accuracy the
l)otany of England is lo much indebted. I have alfo
found it in Effex.

The gluten which envelops this plant is of a very^
iingidar nature, being extended from the edge of the
piieus to xhejiipes, and palTing the gills without touch-
ing them. As it recedes or diffolves it leaves a por-
tion of a cobweb fubftance, accompanied by a fine
powder. If this powder be the feed, may the gluten
contain any thing analogous to pollen r

TAB. VIII.

AGARICUS LIMACINUS.

A. LIMACINUS Schifff. t . '^12 :

FOUND very abundantly in an airy hilly alpeift
among firs in Sir William Jerningham's plantations
at Coffey near Norwich, Oi\. 1794. It agrees with
Schxffer's liinocimis in the yellownefs of the gills, but

the pileus is much brighter than he reprefents it ; his
figure exa6tly accords with the plant in a drying ftate,
and with Ibme fpecimens lefs perfedt than thofe here
dehneated. Our largeft figure nearly agrees with Dr.
Withering's defcription of A. ccejarius^ but does not
accord with any of the plates quoted for that fpecies.
Our limacinus is enveloped in a veil of gluten when
yoimg. The fialk is fomewhat pithy.

T A B. IX.

AGARICUS coLLiNiTUS.

1 HIS was found in Peckham (or Oak of honour)
wood Od:. 9 and i6, 1794, tolerably plentiful. When
young it is enveloped in a veil of gluten, which is
durable on the dried fpecimen, and has a beautiful
tranfparent appearance like ilinglafs. The gills are
of a rully iron colour, rounded at their bafe, and
detached from the ftalk, though partly connected
by cobweb-like threads inclining downwards. Simi-
lar threads arife upwards from the annulus^ meeting
the former. The fialk is nearly folid, but rather pithy.

TAB. X.

AGARICUS FRAGRANS, MajoT Velley in With. v. 3. 307.

JN OT uncommon among grafs in fpring and au-
tumn. I have frequently found it by the fragrance it
emits to a confiderable diftance, and which is often fo
powerful as to fcent a whole box of other fungi. It is
however fometimes fcentlefs, and the odour always eva-
porates in dr^dng. This odour refembles that of Wood-
roof, or of Vernal grafs Anthoxanthum odoratum^ near
which laft it often grows. Can it derive any fragrance
from thence r

TAB. XI.

HELVELLA Relhani.

1 HE Rev. Mr. Rclhan found three fpecimens of
this plant triowing- at a httlc (Usance from each other
on the north iule of (lOgniagog hUls. The upper fide
of the pileus was lilky, and the edges flightly fringed
M'ith the fame filk)' membrane, hke Agaricus arane-
ofus.

There feems fome affinity between this httle fungus
and Lycoperdon pbal/oides Tiicki. Fafc. i. 24, figured l)y
Mr. Woodward in the Phil. Tranf. vol. 74, 423, t. 16.
and in Dr. Smith's Spicilegium t. 12. See alfo PbaHus
conicKS Flo. Dan. 1. 1554.

TAB. XII.

RETICULARIA hemisph^erica BuUiard t.

CrATHERED in Hampitead and Hornfey woods,
W'anilead gardens, Sec. in moilt places, growing on de-
caying plants of various kinds, on molfes, flicks, 8cc.
in all direcStions.

TAB. XIII.

PEZIZA EPIDENDRA Bulliard t. ^f)'] .

1 HIS beautiful fimgus was found at Camberwell
among rotten flicks, fomctimcs ])rotruding from a

flick more than an inch deep in the bank. The out
lide is very woolly, attaching it to ftraws and other
rubil:ances in its way. hi drying it becomes toughifli
and leathery, and lefs vivid in colour.

T A B. XIV.
AGARICUS cLYPEoLARius With. v. 3. 379.

1 H I S occurs frequently in woods and fir plantations
in damp weather. It certainly includes the A. meka-
gris of Withering. The ring is occafionally wanting,
nor can I call it permanent.

Many Agarics have, like this, a loofe pith, but fo
tender it often flides along with the blade of the in-
ftrument ufed to divide the flalk.

TAB. X\\
HYDNUM Daviesii.

A RARE fpecies, hitherto I believe difcovered only
by the Rev. Mr. Hugh Davies, on a decaying apple-tree
in Llyfdulas garden Anglefea, 1790, from whom I have
been favoured with excellent and well preferved fpe-
cimens. It much refembles Boletus verjicolor in colour
and texture, and by the upper furface might be mif-
taken for that fungus.

TAB. XVI.

PEZIZA MARGIN ATA Relh. Fl. Cant. SuppL 2. 29.
Jf'itb. V. 3. 440.

1 HE Rev, Mr. Relhan communicated the fpecimens
from which the figure was (hawn. It may be feeii alio
in F/o. Dan. I. -j-j^. f. i.

T A B. XVII.

PEZIZA BicoLOR Bulliard t.

C-OMMON on fallen branches of oak and other trees,
often covering them copioully on every fide. It is
either feffile or rtipitate. This differs from P. nivea of
Dickfon and Withering in its orange-coloured centre,
and in having occafionally a ftalk ; nor do I know that
any Britilli writer has noticed it.

TAB. XVIII.

PEZIZA STERCORARIA BulHard t. 376 & /. 438.

r OUND on cows dung near Stapleford Abbot, Effex.
This and the P. pimciata feem to connect the genus
of Peziza with that of Spharia.

TAB. XIX.

AGARICUS cuocEus BulUardt. 362. With. v. 3. 319.

i HE pilevis has an opaque leathery appearance in
moderately diy weather, which is peculiar to this fpe-
cies, but in wet weather it becomes fomewhat gluti-
nous and fhining.

TAB. XX.

AGARICUS CERACEUS BickJ, Fafc.i. 16. PFith. v. 3. 369.

Jr OUND in damp weather among grafs in Kenfmg-
ton gardens and other places. The femitranfparent
and waxy appearance ealily diftinguifhes it. It taftes
like the common mufhroom, A. campejiris, and no
doubt is equally wholefome.

TAB. xxr.

MERULIUS FCETiDUs.

L NDER the above name T was favovired with excel-
lent fpecimens of the fungus here dehneatcd, by the
Rev. Mr. Relhan, Augiill: lo, 1795, who found them in
Madingley wood near Cambridge ; nor has this fpecies,
to my knowledge, been before obferved. The fpeci-
mens changed but little in drying, except that they,
not unfortunately, lolf their original difagreeable gar-
lic-like odour.

TAB. XXII.

LYCOPERDON Carpobolus. Hudf.djifAf. IVitb.v.T,- aI^S-

W E have feen this curious plant in many places.
The Rev. Mr. Abbot obligingly fent it from Lord
Oiror}''s fir plantation at Ampthill, gathered in 0£lober
1792. We had an opjX)rtunity of leeing it in a rather
remarkable fituation in May 1793, growing in the Duke
of Portland's hot-houfe at Bulftrode, on the edge of the
tub which contained that rare Eaft Indian aquatic the
Nymphcea Nelumbo. This was at the fame time a damp
and very hot ftation, the ftoves being at that time
heated to an unufual degree

When youni^ thefe fungi are nearly covered with a
white cotton-like fubftance, fpreading down their fides,
and attaching them firmly to each other and to what-
ever they grow upon. This web ma)^ pollibly aifilt in
the expanlion of the yellow outer cafe when it throws
out the white globular part, which it does to the dilfance
of fix or eight inches, or more, making a fiight, but
diftindf, cracking found. At the fame time this outer
cafe burfis into {\\q. or feven rays or fegments, the cafe
immediately within pufliing itfelf forth, and adhering
to the ball ; which when fallen is an emj^ty tranfparcnt
veficle, with the inner cafe attached to its bottom, and
a hole through that cafe, by which probably the feeds
are difcharged. On difll-ifinj^ the ball previous to its
being thrown out, we find it i\\\\ of a whitilh fubllance.
When weak the i)lant only forces the ball to the points
of its rays, often drying with it in that pofition.

TAB. XXIII.

LYCOPERDON hydrophorum.

PEZIZA HYDROPHORA. BulUard t. 410.

This is evidently next akin to the L. Carpobolus.
We have found it annually for three years paft in Au-
guft and September, on the decaying trunk of a willow
near Tothill-Fields.

In a young ftate it is fomewhat deprefled, a little
woolly ; afterwards becoming rounder, and finally
projecting the ball, much as in the preceding fpecies.
We have indeed been able to dete6t it only on the edge
of the red outer cafe, which in this fpecies does not fplit
into rays ; but we find many empty cups or cafes, from
which doubtlefs the balls have been thrown to a diftance.

T A B. XXIV.

PEZIZA SCUTELLATA. JVtth.VOl.O,. 442.

r* OUND, not very unfrequently, in the rotten parts of
hollow trees. The hairs in this are black. There is an
Englifli Peziza found on cow-dung {Elvella equina^
Flo. Dan. t. 1329), which though fmaller in all its parts,
paler, and ciliated with hairs of the fame colour as the
difk, feems to be a variety of this. There are fome
without hairs, but we doubt whether that can make a
Ipecific diftincflion. See Lightf. Flo. Scot. 1053.

T A B. XXV.

AURICULARIA tabacina.

A. NicoTiANA. Bolton 174. With. vol. 3. 433.

v^OMMON in woods and many other places, on ftumps
and branches of decaying trees. It is thin and flexible,
attached by the back, the upper part projecting, a little
rugged and zoned, and either growing in an imbricated
manner, or forming elegant undulations, from three or
four inches to two or three feet in extent, made more
confpicuous by the light yellow margin being con-
trafted with the bright, and often nearly red, brown of
the upper and under fide. It thrives mofl: in damp
places or in wet weather, fometimes exuding reddifli
drops (poffibly coloured with the feeds) from the un-
der furface. In drying it becomes flirivelled and lofes
all its original fplendor, and may then be compared to
dried tobacco, to which we fuppofe the name Nicotiana
Avas meant to allude.

TAB. XXVI.

AURICULARIA ferruginea. Bull. t. 378. H'itb.

'^ol. 3. 433-
HELVELLA rubiginosa. DickJ. Crypt, fafc. i. 20.

iN OT uncommon on gatc-pofts, Sec. generally placed
fo low as to be partly hid by the earth and neighbouring
plants. It is imbricated, and chiefly attached by the
back. The upper projettting furface is of a rulty co-
lour, rather ruggecl and zoned. Edges finely downy,
the light colour of the margin rather brighteft inwards.
The under fide is of a didler hue, partially zoned, rug-
ged with irregular protuberances, and when magnified
appearing fomewhat downy. The whole plant is thin
and brittle, changed but little by drjing.

T A B. XXVII.

AURICULARIA reflexa. Bull. t. 274. With. 'c. 3. 434.

1 HE moft common of all fungi, growing on decayed
trees, on pales, gates, and old water-tubs, often fpread-
ing in circular patches, without projecfling fo as to
acquire the woolly upper furface, in which one of its
moll difiinguilhing charailers refides. It is however
eafily known in either ftate, the front, or under furface,
varv'ing but little from its rcddifii hue. The whole
plant is thicker than the two lall-mentioned, but moll
refembles the A. tabacina in mode of growth. At firft
fight it might eafily be confounded with the Boletus
verficolor.

The upper furface varies in colour, and is very woolly.
Some of the zones are always yellow, as is fometimes
the whole plant.

r A B. XXVIII.

NIDULARIA CAMPAXULATA. /r///'. ro/. 3. 44^.
PEZIZA T-ENTiFERA. Lifin. HudJ. &c.

Of frequent occurrence in negleiSlcd gardens and
fields, attached to various fubltances. I have found it

in. great quantities on a bank near Kennington, Surrey,
and hoped ere this to have detedled the formation of
thofe lenticular bodies with which the cups are half
filled, and which bear fome refemblance to thofe in the
little cups upon Marchantia polymorpha^ Engl, Bot. t.iio.
They often hang out of the cup of this fungus by means
of the elongation of the threads which are attached to
the centre of one of their flat fides, and are fometimcs
fcattcrcd upon the earth, the cup ftill remaining up-
right. In a young ftate the upper half of the cup is
occupied by a veficie containing a fluid, which feems
to be difc barged downwards towards thefe lenticular
bodies, after which the upper part or cover dries up
and cracks. Dr. Withcring's generic name Nidularia
is very exprcflive.

TAB. XXIX.

NIDULARIA STRIATA. With. v. 3. 446.
PEZIZA STRIATA. Hud/. 634.

P. LENTiFERA [t. Linn. Sp. PL 1650.

FOR moft perfe<Sl and beautiful fpecimens of this cu-
rious plant we are obliged to the favour of Lady Arden,
who gathered them 0(51:ober ift and 7th, 1795, under
beech-trees in Nork park near Epfom, Surrey, often
growing on the fallen feed-veflels. The receptacle of.
fluid is Ycry apparent in this fpecies. The outfide
very woolly, with pointed tufts regularly difpofed,
which when viewed in front give a ftellated appearance
to the edge of the cup.

T A B. XXX.

NIDULARIA LyEvis. IVith. 446.
PEZIZA L.EVis. Hudf.6^.

Notwithstanding its name, this is fcarceiyfo

fmooth as N. campanulata. It is found in Combe wood
near Kingiion, Surrey, on various fubil:ances. Mr.
Pitchford of Norwich favoured me with fome very
good fpecimens, growing on a piece of a fir-tree.

TAB. XXXI.
AGARICUS XERAMPELINUS. IVitb. V 3. 331.

I FOUND this brilliant fpccies, and molt of its \^rieties
defcribed in Withering, growing either lblitar>' or cliif-
tered, but leldom hollow, in Sir William Jerningham's
plantations near Norwich, as well as in a j)ine-grove at
Ditchingham in company with Mr. Woodward. The
gills are invariably of a bright yellow, very partially
fixed to the Item, rounding off" in fome degree from the
pikus. Their edges are thick, and feem to fplit, fo as
perhaps to emit the feeds ; a circumffance which may
be obferved in feveral other fpecies.

T A B. XXXII.

AGARICUS viRGiNEUS. Jacq.Mifc. v. 2. 104. /. 15./ i.
A. NivEUS. With, 346.

A. EBURNEUS. Bolt. 4.
A. ERICEUS. Bull. t. 188.

Seen often in great abundance in expofed lituations,
more fparingly in woods. It is generally plentiful in
Kenfington Gardens and Greenwich Park in the au-
tumn. It alfumes various appearances according to the
weather, and may, though rarely, be found with a hol-
low ftalk. Its colour moffly refembles the whitenefs of
ivory ; its flavour when frefli api)roaches to that of the
common mufliroom, A. campejiris.

T A B. XXXIII.
AGARICUS TENER. IVith. v. 3. 359.

CjENERALLY found in the greateft perfed:ion about
Auguft and September, in damp meadows, and may

readily be diftinguiilied by the narrow bright fox-co-
loured gills. Among the longer grafs, refufed by cattle,
it is drawn up, as in our talleft figure. When gathered
in perfection it dries well. Is the A. Colus, With. 383,
diftindt from this ?

TAB. XXXIV.

BOLETUS PiPERATUs. Bulliard /. 451.

vV E believe this Boletus has appeared only in Bul-
liard's admirable work. It grows in tolerable plenty on
Hainault Foreft, towards Chigwell Row, Effex, though
not hitherto mentioned as a native of this ifland, but
we have reafon to think it is not uncommon. The
pores are very open and irregular, and fometimes fo
fliallow as to be mere reticulations, as in fome foreign
Boleti. Its colour varies a little. The name exprefles
its pungent etFedt on the tongue and throat, like that
of the Capficum.

T A B. XXXV.

HELVELLA spatulata.

CLAVARIA Spathula. DickJ. Crypt, fafc. i. 21.
With. V. 3. 450.

I GATHERED this fungus, in the autumn of 1794, in
the plantations at Coftefy near Norwich, in company
with its original difcoverer James Crowe, Efq. of La-
kenham. It is to be found there every year in great
abundance. As a fpecies it is fufficiently diftin6l,
though as to its genus, according to our prefent fyf-
tems, fomewhat obfcure, being nearly equally allied to
Peziza, He/ve//a, Lycoperdon, and Clavaria. The feeds
are difcharged in the form of fmoke, from pores in the
edges, and may perhaps be imbedded in the fubftance,
as has been obferved in Peziza vejiculofa.

TAB. XXXVI.

AGARICUS ELEPHANTINUS. BoU. t. 2S. fVtl&.V. ^. ^l^.

OoMMON in moft woods, parks, &;c. about the month
of Odlober. In decaying they gradually turn quite
black, as if burnt to charcoal, and feem almoft as du-
rable as that fubrtance. They are fo abundant in one
part of Kenfington Gardens, that when in the black Itate
(which they are during great part of the year) a cafual
obferver would think fires had been made where they
grow. When in perfe(5tion they are fometimes nearly
white. The gills often branch, and run one into an-
other, but are always clurafy. This fungus has a
pleafant nut-like tafte ; when cut it changes reddifh.
In the black flate it fupports fome parafitical fungi,
which we fhall hereafter take an opportunity of de-
lineating.

TAB. XXXVII.
AGARICUS PERONATUS. BoU. t. 58. • With. v. 3. 329.

1 HIS fpecies is bell diftinguiflied by the leathery ap-
pearance of the pileus, and the llalk being clothed half
way up from the root with a yellowifh woolly felted
fubrtance, above which it is fmooth, except being a lit-
tle wrinkled. We have found it at Ditchingham, Nor-
folk, al/b plentifidly at Hampftead, and under haw-
thorns in Greenwich Park. Lady Arden has obferved
it under beech-trees, growing on the fallen capfules
and leaves. The flavour of this fpecies is pungent.
It dries fo well as to be eafily recognized in that ftate.

TAB. XXXVIII.
PEZIZA STiPiTATA. Hudf. 636. With. v. 3. 436.

XV ATHER a fcarce plant. Thefe fpecimens were found
on Finchley Common. The flalk is folid, and, as well
as the outfide of the cup, flightly downy. The upper
fide is fmooth ; its texture wax-like.

T A B. XXXIX.

HELVELLA Mitra. Linn. Sp. PI. 1649. Hudf. 632.
JVitb. V. 3. 430.

r OUND in feveral parts of Norfolk, efpecially to the
weft of Norwich. The Rev. Mr. Abbot obferved it at
Houghton Conqueft, Bedfordfhire.

The remarkable flutings and finuofities of the flalk
charadterize this fpecies. The pileus varies a little in
form and colour, and the whole fungus fometimes turns
black in decay.

TAB. XL.

CLAVARIA CORNEA. Relh. Suppl. 3. 34.

C. ACULEIFORMIS. Bull. t. 463. / 4.

I HAVE been favoured with fpecimens of this fpecies
by the Rev. Mr. Relhan himfelf, with his own name to
them, and alfo by Thomas Walford, Efq. of Birdbrook,
Effex, under that given by Bulliard. The gentleman
laft mentioned found them upon timber that had been
fquared, fituated longitudinally with the grain of the
wood, never acrofs it. I have obferved the fame at
Hampftead, and in Kenfington Gardens.

T A B. XLI.

AGARICUS LACHRYMABUNDUS. Bull. t. I94 8c /. 525.

Common in woods, the fides of green lanes, 8cc.
in damp weather. The difchargc of a Ihiid in httlc
tranfparent globules, from the ildes of tlie maculated
gills, is peculiar to this fpecies. Thefe drops feem to
flow from near the infertion of the feeds, and com-
monly unite with them at the edges ; a curious fubjedl
for microfcopic invcfligation. There is a variety more
Iblid than that here delineated ; otherwife it is not a
very variable plant.

TAB. XLII.

AGARICUS ODORUs. Bull. t. 176 8c t. 556.

It is remarkable that the pleafant ratafia odour of
this plant fliould have efcaped notice fo long ; but it
appears not to be a very common Agaric, and is ge-
nerally found folitary. Is this Dr. Withering's viridiSy

^'oL 3. p. 320 ?

TAB. XLIII.

AGARICUS SANGUINEUS. Jacq. Mifc.v. i. t. 15./. 3»

1 HE fanguine red which pervades the inner fub-
flance, and the peculiar rigidity of the pileus, Sec.
will readily afcertain this fpecies, and diftinguifli it
from the red fpecimens of the variable Agaricus au~
rantius with which it has fometimes been confounded.

TAB. XLIV.
AGARICUS suLPHUREUS. Bull. t. 168 &: t. 545. / 2.

1 HIS, I believe, has not been noticed by any Englifli
author, partly perhaps owing to its being found in
the thickeft parts of woods. It is a very diftind: fpe-
cies, and may readily be known by its general habit
and colour, as well as by a certain peculiar odour,
fomewhat like that of an hyacinth, but rather foetid,
which is conitant.

TAB. XLV.

AGARICUS Fibula. Bull t. 186 & t. 550. / i.
A. parvus. With. 347. var. i.

V ERY common in damp meadows and fimilar places
among grafs and mofs. It is often hollow.

TAB. XL\^I.

AGARICUS Cantharellus. 7i;;«. Sp. PI. 1639.

Bull. t. 62.
A. Chantarellus. Hudf. 609.
MERULIUS Cantharellus. IVith. 281.

> ERY frequent in fir Avoods, 8cc. The brandling
fliallow j;ills, and colour like the yolk of an egg (as
Dr. Withering liiys), willealih' diltinguilh this fpccies.
It has a plealant odour like that of apricots, both when
recent and when partly diy, as we obferved in Ibme
fpecimens communicated by Lady Arden. This kind
of Agaric is frecpienth eaten, though it often proves
rather tough.

T A B. XLMI.

AGARICUS CANTHARELLOIDES.

HELVELLA cantharelloides. Bull. t. 473. /. 3.

When I firlt found this fungus in Peckham-wood,
Nov. t6, 1794 the trivial name above given readily
prefented itfelf as veiy apphcable; and although not
perhaps llridly according to ride, being fo near that
of the jneceding fpecies, I have ventured to retain it,
as it hatl likewilc occurred to Mr. Bulliard. I believe
this Agaric has not been noticed as an Englifli plant
till now. As to its genus, we muft leave the ablblute
decifion of that point till we have more light on the
fubjcct.

It may be proper to obferve that Bulliard has alfo
an Agar'icus cantharelloides, which appears to me a
blark-rtalkcd variety of A. Canthanilus.

T A B. XLVIir.

AGARICUS radicatus. Rrlh. n. 1040. IVilh. 335.

A. LONGIPES. Bull. t. ^\^^ t. 232 ?

1 HIS is among the more variable kinds. The fialk
is occafionally folid, i)ithy or hollow, and externally
fmooth or hif])id. The gills are fomctimes fixed to
the llalk, fometimes loofe, and they are often branch-
ing or even inofculating. Their colour is always
white, or nearly fo, but they acquire a pink hue in
drying. The Italk, as well as the pilcus., varies in co-
lour from nearly white to a chefnut brown. Some-
times it much refembles the A. velntipcs, except in

"being always erecl. Lady Arden fdvoured mc uith
a fpecimen of a ciTrioiis variety, with the ikin of the
p'ki^s cracked into fquares, leaving white reticulations
between.

I cannot help fufpefling that the following four
fpecies of Dr. Withering will, on matvire examination,
prove varieties of that now before us, viz. Umbracu-
hem, p. 289, ■agrejlis^ '-^vS.. gracilis^ p. 313, 2i.\\^ Jpkndens^
p. 334. — For the ift fee his reference to Batfch, t. 4.
The 2d feems to defcribe imperfect fpecimens gathered
late in the feafon and in wet weather. The third ex-
preffes the ftate of its maturity in fine weather ; and
the 4th as I have found it when the gluten is dried up
after a dewy morning. In the early part of the feafon,
about Auguft, I have obferved a thick gluten on the
pileus at 7 in the morning, changed by 11 into a var-
niih, quite refplcndent in the fim, the heat of which
hallening the progrefs of the fimgus to maturity, the
gills become reddifli, and the feeds are found, as Dr.
Withering defcribes them, at their edges. Many Aga-
rics, efpecially the parafitic ones, are difpofed to have
long roots. 1 have found that of A. radicatus 12 inches
.in length, and Mr. Relhan fent a flill longer fpecmien
to the Linnaean Society.

TAB. XLIX.

TRICHIA DENUDATA. Bull t. 502. With. ^']%.
CLATHRUS DENUDATUs. Linji. Sp. PL 1649,
Hudf. 630.

■T OUND in the crevices of ftumps of trees, and other
damp places, growing in all directions. At firft it
might be taken for a group of fmall infedfs' eggs,
being white and nearly feflile, but it is of the con-
fiftence of cream. It next acquires a crimfon hue,
with a partial Ikin, which feparates at length, dif-
clofmg a woolly texture replete with fine powder.

TAB. L.

TRICHIA NUDA. JVith. 477.

T. AXIFERA. Bull. t. 471. /. I.
T. TYPHOIDES. Ibid. f. 1.

CLATHRUS NUDUs. Linn. Sp. PL 1649. Hudf. 630.

1 HE progrefs of growth in this fpecies is fimilar to
the laft ; but the long form of its head, and the conti-
nuation of the ftalk through its woolly fubftance, are
fufiicient marks of diftin<5lion.

T A B. LI.

IIELVELLx'V ESCULENTA.

PHALLUS EscuLENTUs. Lififi. Sp. P/, i6j[8. Hud/:62g.
mth. 447.

1 HIS varies a little in lliapc and colour. Mr. Jacob
Rayer found Ibme bufF-coloured Ipec imens on a bank
in Kent. I have j^athered plenty of the blackilh kind
at Newington, Surrey, on an old garden ground among
I'ugar-bakers rubbifli.

This fpecies farely belongs much more properh' to
the genus of Helve/la than to that of Phallus^ efpe-
cially if we confider its texture, duration, or qualities.
It is well known b}- the name of Morel, and much
elieemed as an ingredient in fauces and foups, for
which piu'pofe it may be preferved dried for many
months or even years. The people employed in ga-
thering Morels in German}', having obferved that
they grew moll plentifully where wood had been
burned, proceeded to promote their propagation by
fetting fire to the woods, till it was found neceflary
to forbid that practice by law.

T A B. LIL

LYCOFERDON epidendrum. Bull. t. 503. With.
468. Li fin. Sp. PL 1654. lludf. 645.

Differs from the generality of Lycoperdons in
being foft and pulpy when young, fomething like
Reticularia fcptica., With. 470, defcribed by Mr. Wood-
ward, \\ lio has alio obferved the plant now before us.

TAB. LIIL

.ECIDIUM F us CUM. Relb. n. 1199. Limi. Syjl. Nai.

ed. Gmcl. 1473. Gent. Mag. for May 1793, 414.
LYC0PI:RD0X anemones. Pult. in Tr. of Linn. Soc.

V. 1. 311 ?

1 BEG leave to refer the reader to Dr. Pulteney's
learned obfervations on this fungus, or one at lealt
nearly related to it, in the Traniadtions of the Lin-

nxan Society above quoted ; at the fame time acknow-
ledging my obligations to the Rev. Mr. Relhan for
the follow ing account : —

The JEcidium fufcum is a parafitical fungus, grow-
ing on various plants, ufually on the under furface of
their leaves ; but it fometimes grows on their upper
furface, and even on the petals of Jnemone nemoroja.
It does not appear that the effential parts of frudlifi-
cation in the Anemone are injured by its i~»refence on
the petals.

]Mr. Relhan favoured me with fpecimens anfwering
to the above account. It grows from untler the fkin,
and is limply compofed of a thin coat, containing fuf-

cous feeds. Whether Dr. Pulteney's plant be really

the fame fpecies is doubtful, as he defcribes the powder
of a white colour.

TAB. LIV.

SPHyERIA PUNCTATA.

PEZIZA PUNCTATA. Linn. Sp. PL 1650. Hudf, 634.
With. 435. Bull t. 252 &: /. 438. /.' i.

1 HE upper furface of this plant in its young ftate
emits a fine powder or farinaceous dulf, without any
appearance of pun6lures. In a more advanced ftate it
becomes pundlured, and the fpots are found on exa-
mination to be the mouths of little fphasrical cavities,
hollowed out of the fubftance of the fungus. They
contain a black duft, probably the feed.

TAB. LV.

SPHtERIA hypoxylon.

CLAVARIA HYPOXYLON. Linn. Sp. PL 1652. HudJ.

639. IVith. 456.
C. coRNUTA. BulL t. 180.

Common on old ftumps of trees, pofts, railing, &c.
all the year round, in one ftate or other. The ium-
inits are at firft white ; after\^'ards the ftalks are co-
vered towards the top with half-imbedded fpha^rules,
containing black feeds. There is a ftr iking generic
affinity between this and the laft.

TAB. L\'I.

AGARICUS coxTiGUUS. With. 302. Bidl. t. 240.

IN OT fo c ommon as Ibmc of the genus. The inof-
culating and branching of the gills, and the involuted
M'oolly edge, eafily diftinguifli this from moll: other
fpccies.

T A B. LVII.

IIELVELLA AGARiciFORMis. Bolt. t. 98./. I. IVith 430.

In darkifli damp holes in the ftumps and rotten roots
of trees very common. It varies a little in fliape and
colour, often turning quite black as it verges towards
deca}'.

TAB. LVIII.

BOLETUS HEPATicus. Hiidf. 625.

FISTIXIXA HEPATICA. JVith. 405. Bull. t. 74, 464,
&497.

BuLLIARD's figures of this, often elegant, ipccics
are excellent. It is veiy plentiful in autumn among
oak-trees, growing on their trunks or fpreading roots.
Its vegetation is moft rapid in wet weather. When
very young it refemblcs a ftrawberry, and advancing in
growth it becomes hifpid w ith tubular protuberances,
Ihaped like florets {Jig. 1 ). By degrees it acquires a
diftindt under fide of a pale yellow, with fimilar pro-
tuberances {fig. 2): and as thefe become more diitiniSf,

the upper ones lofe their form. At length the under
furface becomes covered with diftind; and feparate
tubes, entire at their orifice {^fg. 3), turning brown and
emitting feeds at their edges, which often hang in fef-
toons on httle cobwebs formed by fome infe6t of the
fpider kind. The fungus afterwards either rots or
turns black in decay.

It varies in fliape and fize, but commonly refembles
liver, being faturated with a blood-coloured fluid, which
adds to the refemblance. Its talle is like that of the
common mufliroom, Ag. cmnpejlris^ and fome perfons
reckon it nearly as good.

TAB. LIX.

PEZIZA Acetabulum. With. 436. Bull. t. 485. / 4.

1 HAVE been favoured with recent fpecimens of this
Peziza by the Rev. Mr. Budftone, who found them at
Sand Hutton near York, growing in the earth at the
bottom of a fhady hedge, not, as ufually reported, on
rotten wood.

TAB. LX.

SPH^RIA MILITARIS.

CLAVARIA MILITARIS. Linn. Sp. PL 1652. Hudf.
638. M^itb. 450.

r OUND in Kenfington gardens in autumn, moft
frequently among mofs {Br yum undulatum), growing
from a perifhed chryfalis, or the unquickened re-
mains of a fpider's neft. It varies in form and fize.

TAB. LXI.

AGARICUS PiLEOLARius. Bull. t. 400.

cASEUs. JVith. V. 3. 287.

' suBixvoLUTUs. Batfcb. t.

IT feems by Bulliard and other writers, tliat this plant
has not been obferved by them in the later or advanced
ftate, when it becomes remarkably cup[Xid. Lady
Arden favoured me with fpecimens from Nork-
Park, near Epfom, Surry, and 1 have found others in
moft of the woods about London in Okflober and No-
vember. Dr. Withering's reference to Bulliard and
Bolton may be right; but I cannot agree with him in
quoting Schaeffer t. 78 for this fpecies. It varies a little
in colour, the pileus being often greyifli. The ftipes
has long pale blotches of a reddifli brown.

TAB. LXIL

AGARICUS PALMATUs. Bull. t. 216. With. v. 3. 341.

1 H Eftationof this plant is well defcribed by Bulliard
in Withering " growing on the fquared fides of tim-
ber," Sec. It appears to be a conftant annual. I found
it on the fide of an elm that had been fawed down, three
years together, in November, in the decaying ftate. It
feems allied to Withering's A. foetidus.

T A B. LXIII.

PEZIZA TUBEROSA. Dickf. Crypt, fafci.^i,. With.
V. 3. 436.

r* OUND in Caen wood, Hampftead, by Mr. Hunter,
who firft favoured me with fpecimens. I have fince
received others from J. L. Knapp, Efq. who found
them near Kenfington Gravel-pits, April 11, 1796.
They are fvirely parafitical on a Lycoperdon Tuber., as
they evidently grow on that fubterraneous fungus,
and are not a continuance of the fame fubftance. The
cup only is above ground. This does not agree in
every particular with P. radicata of Bulliard, &c. its
tuberofity excepted.

T A B. LXIV.

PEZIZA ciNEREA. Batfch. t. 16. fg. 107.

V ERY common upon rotten ftumps, bits of wood, &:c.
on the under and fhady fides, in damp woods and other
places in the autumnal months. Dr. Withering has
well defcribed it as a Tremella., but in his 3d edition has
referred it to Pez'iza.

TAB. LXV.
PEZIZA NiVEA. Bickf. Crypt, fafc. i. p. 21.

Jr REQUENT in holes of rotten flumps, and on decay-
ing plants, 8cc. growing in various directions.

T A B. LXVI.

AGARICUS coMPRESsus. With. v. 3. 354.

iN OT uncommon in fir-grovcs, Sec. The ftipes is
more or lefs comprcHed according to the weather or
lituation, being lillcd with a loolc pith ; the lamcllcc. or
gills are deepell towards the Ibipes, and occafioiially
lixcd towards the top.

T A B. LXMI.

AGARICUS ULMARius. Bull. t. 510.

1 HIS plant, common on old rotting elm-trees, fecms
hitherto to have efcaped the notice of Englifli authors,
although it is a very confpicuous annual. I have {q.(^\\
it conllant on the fame tree three or four years follow-
ing. It commonly begins to grow in September, and
continues till December or later, when each becomes
frequently two or three feet in circumference. Authors
feem to have noticed the varieties, without identifying
or thoroughly knowing the fpecies. I am inclined to
tliink Schxtfer's

A G A R I c u s candid us., t. 225.

dhnidiatus, t. 233.

pallidus.,t. 50. varieties of this plant. In

an early ftate and dr)^ feafon I have feen them refemblc
Schxffer's K.fquamofus., tab. 29 and 30 ; yet I think they
are diftindl.

It varies much from its fituation on the tree. If on
a Hat furface in the hollow, it commonly grows upright
with the ftipes central, and in a young ftate often re-
fcmbles white coral. When more advanced, and from
the fulcs, the piL'us is fpreading and undulating like an
efcallop fliell. Sometimes it grows downwards witl\ a
ftipes 5 or 6inches long,or protrudes to the outer furface
in an horizontal diretftion; when quite external, the
ftipes is often nearly lateral or almoft fellile. Ihis fungus
is either white with a mealy furface, or gre\'iih, Sec. 1
havefccn it accidentally refemblc l>ulliard's//;'. fal/. 510,
with red and brown fpots. I fufpect Agaricus li^Jli-
laius, tab. 513. fig. i. ot the lame author to be a varietv
alfo.

TAB. LXVIII.

AGARICUS TiGRiNus. Bull t. 70.

1 HAVE been favoured with recent fpecimens of this
pretty fpecies by Thomas Walford, Efq. of Birdbrook
in Ellex, who gathered them from an aih in his planta-
tions in September laft. Some were found growing
from the fides, fomewhat horizontally, others near the
root, upright, in clufters or fmgle. When frefli they are
very tender and eafily lacerated; when dry coriaceous,
and the ftipes is of a very folid and firm texture. I have
fpecimens which accord fo well with Schaeffer's Aga-
ricus tubo'formis^ tab. 248 and 249, that I think them va-
rieties of this fpecies. The tigrinus in the latter flate
has ferrated gills, and much refembles K.fquamofus.

TAB. LXIX.

CLAVARIA DiGiTATA. Linn. Sp. PI. 1652.
SPH^RIA DIGITATA. Bull. t. 220.

Jr OUND frequently near the roots of old or decaying
poplars in Kenfington Gardens, and at Lambeth. I once
found fome at the root of an elder at Batterfea. They
commence growing very early in the fpring, and conti-
nue through the mmmer, ripening their capfules in
autumn annually. Though at firfl fomewhat pointed,
and covered with a whitilh dull or farina, as it advances
this fungus alTumes a more conical form, and the farina
is more on the top. It finally becomes blunter, and the
head is covered with fphaerules copioufly difcharging
a denfe black foot-like powder. The inner fubflance
is very white and folid, the fibres diverging from the
centre upwards: in breaking they form an inverted
cone. This fpecies is frequently very fportive.

TAB. LXX.

HELVELLA gelatinosa. Bull. tab. ^-ji,. Jig. ^.

JN EARLY a gelly when frefh and young, but harder
and fomewhat compreffed when at maturity. The
largeft was fent me from Bedford ; the others I have
found in different woods in autumn.

TAB. LXXI.

AGARICUS N I TENS. Scho'ff. tab. 238.

Lady ARDEN feems thcfirrt difcovercr of this plant
in England. Ilcr Lad) Ihip gathered them in Nork-
Park, and favoured me with frefh fpecimens in Oftober
and November lait. If Dr. Withering had feen this
plant, he would have efteemed SchaefFer's tab. above
quoted one of his bell figures, not a bad figure of A.
eburneiis. When frefh this fungus is beautifully white,
the/)/7^z/j glutinous and fliining: it is befpangled with
dew-drops on the upper part of the folic! but pithy
Itipes : when advanced it becomes cupped, and in de-
caying or when bruifed acquires patches of a bright
flame-coloured or fcorched appearance, finally turn-
ing to a reddilh or foxy brown ; it has a faint plcafant
odour.

TAB. LXXII.

AGARICUS RosEUs. Bull. t. 162. 507. With. v. ^. 364.

1 HESE are abundant in molt woods all the autumn,
either of a pale purple or rofe colour, in odour and tarte
like cabbage : the purple are the moft common, and
generally fmallell:. May not this be piirpurajcens of
Withering, and Janthinus of Batfch ?

T A B. LXXIII.

HYDNUM iMBRicATUM. Linn. Sp. PL 1178.
Scho'ff. t. 140.

The Rev. Mr. Charles Abbot favoured mewith thefe
fpecimens from Lord Ongley's plantations in Bedford-
•fliire, 061;. 11, 1796,

TAB. LXXIV.

PEZIZA coRNUCOPoiDES. Linn. Sp. PI. 1650.
Bull. t. 150.

r LENTIFUL in moft of the woods near London, &c.
in the autumnal months. Thefe fimgi are of an opaque
woody textm-c : the faux is flightly undulated, forming
imperfedt reticulations, which on the outer fide are
covered with a greyifli powder refembling the bloom
on fruit.

TAB. LXXV.

HELVELLA floriformis. DickJ. Crypt, fafc. 3. 22.

Schdcff. t. 278.
HELVELLA crispa. Bull. t. 465.

In woods about London, Sec. in autumn, but not very
common. Sometimes it has a yellowifli border or
fringe. I have found a more carnofe fort near it, which
appears to me a variety ; though further experience
may evince the contrary.

T A B. LXXVI.

AGARICUS TERREUS. IFitb. v. 3. 311.

Occasionally a very common plant, particularlj'
in pine groves, clullering and often forming very large
circles. Sometimes it grows erecf^, and the whole fur-
face is fmooth ; more generally cracked and dillorted,
or aHuming variety of appearances. See Schxffer's
A. multiformis^ tab. 14. undoubtedly a fportivc variety.

T A B. LXXVII.
AG ARICUS AUREUS. Bull. t. 92.

F I L A M E N TOS U S . Schctff. /. 209.

vJx ftumps of hornbeam, &c. not very common,
fometimes 24 inches in circumference. 1 have gene-
rally found it in September, varying but little in colour
or other rcfpects. I believe it but little known in the
perfect ftate, and perhaps a variety of this may be
the A. pilofus of Withering, 295, confounded with
A. foccofus, which I can fliew by fpecimens to be a
diftin(5l plant. May not this be Schacifer's A. obfcurus
alfo?

T A B. LXXVIII.

PEZIZA COCCI NE A. Hudf. 636. Bull. t. 474. Scb.rff.
t. 148.

1 HAVE many dried fpecimens of this plant, and
cannot agree \\\i\\ Dr. Withering, that it is the fame
fpecies with P. cpidcndra.

TAB. LXXIX.
PEZIZA LEpoRiNA. Fl. Ban. t. 1077.

1 RECEIVED fpecimens of this firft from my kind
friend the Rev. Mr. Charles Abbot from Clopt-Hill,
Bedfordfhire, in September 1792, and have found it in
plenty in Sir William Jerningham's plantation near
Norwich. It differs from P. coccinea in being oblique
and involuted towards the bafe, alfo in the outfide
being radulated or rough like a file or rafp.

T A B. LXXX.

LYCOPERDON recolligens. Woodward^ Tr. of Linn,
Soc. vol. 2. 58.

Very plentiful in Major Money's plantations at
Trowfe, near Norwich, in 0(5tober 1794- Thefe puff-
balls are partly under ground till the voha burfts,
which is apparently with fome elaflic force, as they are
commonly found tumbled about in different dire(5lions.
It has been found on a grafs plat in a garden at Wal-
thamftow feveral different years.

For a full and very ingenious account of this and fome
others of the ifeDated Lycoperdons, I beg leave to refer as
above.

1

T A B. LXXXI.

AGARICUS ALLiACEUs. Bull. tab. 153, &: 524- ^- i.

Not uncommon in woods during mod of the au-
tumnal months. It grows attached to fallen oak.
leaves, without any earth about the roots. The ftipes
is fomewhat velvety, often folid ; the long gills ge-
nerally fixed to the top of the ftipes. The pileus is
commonly plaited. The garlick-like fmell is very
perceptible, and remains till the fungus is almoft dry.
Can this be the Agaricus alliatus., Schxif. tab. 99 ?
Jacquin's aUiaceus is a different plant ; fee IVitb. vol. 4.
277.

TAB. LXXXII.

AGARICUS psiTTACiNUs. Setoff, t. 301. irith. ed. 3.

vol. 4. 264.
. CHAM.€LEOX. Bull. tab. 545.

JVloST frequent in moift gralTy places in parks, Zee.
It has all the characters (except colour) which belong
to fome of the varieties of Agaricus aurantius., more
cfpecially of Agaricus dentatus of Linn. Hudf, 8cc. In
iome ftages of the growth of this plant the pileus is
(Icntated at the edges. It is beft diftinguiflied by the
green tinge at the upper part of the ftipes, which is
retained almoft to the laft.

TAB. LXXXIII.

CLAVARIA oPHiOGLossoiDEs. /r/zZ'. 3d. ^a'. -y. 4. 365.

oIR Thomas Gery Cullum, Bart, favoured me with
fpccimens from near Stonc-henge on Salifbury plain,
found in Sept. 1792; and I am indebted to the Rev.

Mr. Abbot for fome uncommonly large plants gathered
early in 06t. of the fame year. Lord Vifc. Lewifham
brought me others late in Odt. and having alfo ob-
ferved it myfelf, I judge it to have been that year rather
plentiful. I have fpecimens from Wales, communi-
cated by the Rev. Mr. Hugh Davies. I could not pofi-
tively detedl fphaerules, although the velvety hairs
which clothe the head appear, when ftrongly magni-
fied, thickeft towards the bafe. This fpecies feems the
conneiling link between Spharia and Clavaria.

TAB. LXXXIV.

CLAVARIA FERRUGINEA.

1 FOUND great quantities of this under the clofe
fhade of firs on a rifing ground in Sir Wm. Jerning-
ham's plantations near Norwich, 061. 1794. The in-
fide of the head is fome what pithy; ftipes a little rough
on the upper part. It might eafily be pafled over as a
fmall Agaric.

T A B. LXXXV.

TRICHIA TURBiNATA. With. ed. 3. v. 4. 400.
CLATHRUS TURBiNATUS. Hudf. 632.

Very frequent on rotten ftumps, &:c. in damp places
either out of doors or in cellars. It may be found early
in the morning, whitifli, and refembling cream. At
noon of the fame day it becomes of a drier texture, with
an outward fkin, and is then yellow. The fkin will
often begin to feparate, and the feeds to ripen the fame
evening, next morning leaving only the minute faucer-
formed empty bafes. If the fun fhines upon them, they
may happen to dry into a little horny fubftance.

TAB. LXXXVI.

BOLETUS iMBRiCATUS. Bii/l. tab. 366.

Has grown annually for fome years on the fame
ftumps in Kcnllngton gardens, often of very large di-
menfions. When frelh, it is eafily bruifed, at firft turn-
ing red, afterwards nearly black. It occafionally grows
thinner, and divides fomcthing like Boletus acanthoides
of Bulliard. The pileus is finely fquamofe ; the pores
minute, and feldom deep ; their ends are fomewhat
fpong>^

TAB. LXXXVII.
BOLETUS FRONDOsus. Dickf. Crypt. fafc. i. /'. 18.

Often found growing in very large clufters beau-
tifully branching and reuniting, forming lateral rami-
fications in a very curious manner. The top or pileus
is generally of a greyilh brown ; the fides lighter ; the
pores and inner fubllance very white.

T A B. LXXXVIII.
BOLETUS ULMARius.

IVIaY be found on old or rotting elms [ulmus cam-
pejlris) thriving in damp weather moft part of the
year. It is a very folid, tough, unfliapen mafs, often
very large, commonly attached by the back fo as only
to fliew the edge of the rugged pileus. The pores are
very fine, frequently in many ftrata under each other
of various length. I have a large fpecimen from a cel-
lar, found in an angle between two brick walls without
any figns of wood being near. The moilhire oufing
from the wall mud be very powerfvdly faturated with
the vegetable matter to form fo denfe a fubrtance ; and
if fome beam was the caufe, the bricks mull have filter-
ed it to a nicety, which is another proof of the fubtilty

of the vegetable matter of which this Boletus is com-
pofed. I believe this plant is not before defcribed. I
found a large mafs fpreading full three feet, laft au-
tumn, in the hollow of an old elm in St. James's park,
forming a grotefque kind of cieling of different tints.
About the fides of the cavity were beautiful varieties of
Agaricus ulmarius, and I think a variety of Agaricus
palmatus (tab. 62) hanging very fancifully, fome re-
fembling efcallop lliells, and others corallines, Sac.
prettily relieved by the dark red wood, making a kind
of Fairy grot, remarkably clean, as if Puck had been

" fent with broom before,

" To fweep the dull behind the door." Shakesp.

T A B. LXXXIX.

BOLETUS NUMMULARius. Bu//. t. 124.

I WAS firft fliewn this plant on a bit of hazel flick,
and have lince found it in Lord Spencer's park at
Wimbledon, on a Salix or willow, in various ftates, and
in other places like wife. The Rev. Mr. Abbot favoured
me with a fpecimen from Bedfordfliire. Thefe fungi
vary very much in fliape and fize, and differ alfo in
fubftance and texture according to the age or time of
gathering. At firft they are fomewhat leathery, after-
w^ards more horny. They are either llipitate or feflile ;
with or without a black bafe. The pores are irregular,
but fmall. May not Boletus Calceolus, Bull. t. 360
and 445, fig. 2, and alfo Boletus elegans, t. 46, of the
fame author, belong to this fpecies ?

TAB. XC.

CLAVARIA CYLINDRICA. Bull t. 463,7^. I.

FOUND plentifully in autumn in a wet field by the
New River, between Stoke Newington and Hornfey ;
the foil is an hard loam. The texture of this fpecies is
of a wax-like friable nature.

TAB. XCI.

PEZIZA Cellularia.

CELLULAR! A cyathiformis. Fl. Dan. t. 1450.

This is at i)refent a new and rare Englifh plant. Our
fpecimens were found on an old deal maft near the
river Thames at Batterfea. I have fince feen fomc very
fmall ones on a deal plank, that had been feafoned in
the Thames near Lambeth. It is very eafily dried,
becoming hard, refembling horn, and not changing
colour.

T A B. XCII.
AGARICUS NUTANS.

A LITTLE elegant agaric, parafitic on fern flalks,
&c. It might with fome propriety be called Agaricus
denticulatus, having uncommonly diftind; little teeth
at the edge of the pileus. The longer gills of this plant
have threads along their edges aflixing them to the
ftipes. The gills are either fingle or in pairs. In damp
weather the pileus is fomewhat glutinous. This is
prefumed to be hitherto nondefcript.

T A B. XCIII.

AGARICUS SQ.UAMULA. Batfch. t. 84.
MERUILUS Squamula. IVitb. 3 ed. v. 4. 151.

Most common on ivy leaves, though fometimes
found on other decayed foliage, Sec. The flipes is a
httle downy, as obferved by my friend Wm. Mathew,

Efq. of Bury, and hollow. This fpecies varies in fizc
from yth of an inch to an inch or more in height, and
is often as much at maturity when of the former fize
as of the latter. The gills appear to be ridges of the
fame fubftance as the pileus ; hence it has been confi-
dered by fome as a Merulius.

TAB. XCIV.

AGARICUS ANDROSACEUs. Linn.

MERULIUS ANDROSACEUS. IVith.'^ed. i;. 4. 148.

vJfTEN found on oak leaves, &c. The Agaricus
Rotula of Scopoli has commonly been confounded
with this fpecies.

TAB. XCV.

AGARICUS Rotula. Scopoli.

MERULIUS COLLARIATUS. Pfitb. 3 ed. v. 4. 148.

Very common on flicks, &c. &:c. I think Scopoli's
name expreffive, as the radii or gills terminate in a
manner peculiar to this fpecies, forming a jundtion not
unaptly refembling the nave of a wheel, the centre
receiving the llipes like an axle. I believe no author
has mentioned the branching of this plant, which it
fometimes does a] moll without end. May not abor-
tive branching fpecimens of this agaric have been mif-
taken for fomething elfe ? They bear fome analogy
to Rhizofnorpba frag His, (fee tab. 100). The ftipes is
hollow.

T A B. XCVI.

AGARICUS FLAviDus. Bolt. t. 149.

IN Aug\ift 1793 a meadow near Keniiington common,
Surrey, was almoft covered with this fpecies. We
cannot think this the equeftris of Linnaeus.

TAB. XCVII.
AGARICUS NivEUS. DickJ. Crypt, fafc. i. p. 17.
sEssiLis. Bull. t. 152.

C^OMMON in damp woods, and fliady hedges, on
fticks, &:c. attached laterally or at the back, growing
in great quantities on the under fide of the ftick, fo
that only the upper part, or fnowy white pileus, pre-
fents itfelf at firlt fight, and has a very elegant efFedl.

TAB. XCVIII.

AGARICUS MOLLIS. Bickf. Crypt, fafc. i. p. 17.
Schaff. 213.

r OUND on an elm trunk near Stapleford abbot, Eflex.

TAB. XCIX.

AGARICUS ECHiNATirs.

1 HIS is of an elaftic jelly-like fubftance, fimilar
to Agaricus mollis. The gills divaricate from a little
eccentric button of a white downy fubftance oppofite to
the attachment by ^:he pileus, which is rough with
hairs and rigid points intermixed. Mr. Pitchford firft
lliewed me fpecimens of this plant at Norwich. I have
fince found it in abundance on a decaying maple in
Greenwich-park.

TAB. C.

CLAVARIA PHOSPHOREA.

RHIZOMORPHA fragilis. Roth. Crypt, minus nota^j.
HIMANTIA UMBR I N A. Perfoon Dijf. metb.fung.gen. 73.

AGARICUM NIGRUM RETICULATUM COMPRESSUM,

&c. Michel. Gen. 125. t. 66. /. 3.

FUNGUS NIGER COMPRESSUS, VARIE DIVARICATUS
ET IMPLEXUS INTER LIGNUM ET CORTICEM.

Raii Syn. 15.

Found in a wine cellar in Little St. Helens, London,
creeping among faw-duft and bottles in the autumn of
1796, communicated by Mr. B. M. Forfter. It is re-
markable for being luminous in the dark, when frefli,
at the ends of the fhoots. Mr. Forfter has doubted
whether this phofphoric appearance may not be
owing to fome vinous moifture imbibed, rather than
a natural property of the fungus.

T A B. CI.

AGARICUS Stipitis. With. ed. 3. v. 4. 191.

Very common on ftumps of trees in the autumn,
frequently growing in large tlufters, as Dr. Withering
obferves. We do not often find it in a perfed ftate : the
rain wafliing more or lefs of the beautiful fcalinefs from
its pileus, and darkening the colour of the flem, &c.
makes great alterations in its appcai-ance. In a young
rtate it refembles A. laric'nms^ W. 193, if it be not the
Himc fpecics. It varies in colour, fometimes almoft to
•white, and often afTumes a pinky hue. This is alfo
A. annularius. Bull. t. 377, and t. 540, f. 3. Fujco pallidus,
Bolt. t. 136, congregatus^ t. 140, melleits^ t. 141. It has
often been figured, and has too many names to be enu-
merated here. I beg therefore to refer the reader, as
in many other cafes, to the Index-

T A B. CII.
AGARICUS TURBINATUS. Bull. tab. 110.

This fpecies feems hitherto to have been overlooked.
Lady Arden favoured me with fpecimens from Nork
Park, Surrey, where it was growing in plenty from
September 20 to November 2, 1796. It has a ftrong
impleafant odour and talte, caufing a bitternefs in the
throat. The Ikin of the pileus eafily peals, and is
often glutinous. The acute-edged bulb (if I may fo
call it) is very general. The other leading chara6lers
are endeavoured to be expreffcd. We have not known
it to have varied much, though it becomes, like moft
Agarics, fomewhat diltorted in the latter feafon, af-
fuming a cup fliape, and various other forms.

TAB. cm.

AGARICUS TORMiNOSus. Schaff. t. 12.

This H-iould feem to be A. piper atus of Dr. Wither-
ing, p. 172, which he gives as the true A. piperatus of
Linn3eus ; but it is remarkable that we find no men-
tion of the branched gills, which are conftant in this
and the commonly received A. piperatus^ or A. Lijieri,
With 158. SchoefFer is not fo accurate with regard to
the gills ; otherwife his figures have a general very
good refemblance, though many were evidently done
from bad fpecimens. Ours feem to be pretty good
ones. His A. Jcrobiculatus^ t. 227, and A. crinitus^ 228,
are furely the fame fpecies as this. The juices are
very milky.

TAB. CIV.

AGARICUS LisTERi. With. ed. 3. v. 4. 158.

iri AS many of the characters of the A. torminofus.
The fpecific difference feems to depend on the propor-
tions, and want of the beautiful reticulated fringe of
wool at the incurvatcd edge of the pileus ; neither are
the lamellae fo broad. This has always been thought
the A. piperatus of Linnaeus, till Dr. Withering told
us the contrary. An acrid milky fluid exudes copioufly
from it when wounded.

TAB. CV.
AGARICUS RUTiLus. Schcpff. t. 55. With. ed. 3. <y. 4. 180.

Jr O U N D often abundantly in fir plantations in
autumn, fometimes very large. I have feen it in Nor-
folk with the pileus feven inches in diameter, and the
reft in proportion. It has a woolly or cobweb-like
annulus in the young flate, which is often entirely lofh
in advanced age. The gills are diftant and clumfy.

TAB. CVI.

AGARICUS MURiNACEUS. Bull. t. 520.

1 FOUND this in Peckham Wood. It has an uncom-
mon appearance. The lamellae branch and inofcu-
late, which is rarely the cafe when the}' arc not de-
current., The feeds feem to be lodged near the lower
edges. It is ver}' brittle, but dries tolerably well. The
tane is unpleafmt.

T A B. CVII.

AGARICUS BUCciXALiG. Batfch.fig. 214.
MERULIUS BUCCiNALis. With. ed. 3. v. 4. 149.

JN OT uncommon in damp places among mofs, &c.
This fpecies varies but little.

T A B. CVIII.

AGARICUS LATus. JVith. ed. 3. v. 4. 231.

• • LiviDUs. Bull. t. 382.

Very common, and extremely variable. It has
been figured many times under ditferent names. We
have found it almoll white, partly flefli-coloured,
moufe-coloured, and nearly black ; varying in fize
from a Item half an inch long, and pileus in propor-
tion, to a much larger fize than is here rejirefented.
When young the gills are moftly white, changing to
pink in a few hours after gathering, or as it advances
in age, till it flieds a fnuff-coloured i)owder, the gills
then being brownifli. It is beft diftinguilhed by the
fomewhat ^^'ebbcd reticulated Item, which mark is
ahva\'s more or lefs jierccptiblc in this fpecies, and
inclines me to think it does not belong to A. I'olvaccus^
as Dr. Withering feems to conjecfture. It certainly re-
femblcs it in many refpe<fts,as the volvaccus\2iV\esmwc\\.
Our plant dries well, although it is always flaccid.
A. volvaccus is apt to imbibe a moifture, and become
covered with whitenefs like a ByJJus, perhaps Bvffus
£iWus^ and is therefore much more difficult to dry.

The fibrous root in A. latus is often remarkable and
confpicuous ; tafte infipid, leaving an unpleafant fen-
fation in the throat. I fufpedt this to be A. cervinus,
SchasfF. t. lo, and leoninus, t. 48, of the fame author.

TAB. CIX.

AGARICUS FLABELLiFORMis. With. ed. yv. 4. 302.

SEMIPETIOLATUS. Lightf. IO30.

sTYPTicus. BulL t. 140. &: t. SSJ^f- ^'

V ERY frequent on cut ftumps of oaks, &;c. in the
beginning of the autumnal feafon, refembling lightifli
tanned leather. If dry weather continually occurs it
will become very dry, white, and fcurfy ; if wet, com-
monly of a deep tan colour all over. The autumnal
plants may be found in the following fpring, in their
latter Hate, giving it fomewhat a new appearance ; but
the ftipes is fo ftrongly charadterifed by fpreading to-
wards the lamellae, it can never be miftaken when
once known ; not to mention the beautiful ramifying
of the lamellae, which feems to have been overlooked.
Is not this A. lateralis of Hudfon ?

TAB. ex.

BOLETUS AURANTiAcus. Bull. t. 236 &: /. 489. With,
ed, 3. v'. 4. 312.

In woods not unfrequent, generally growing fepa-
rately, and often very large. I found fome in Peck-
ham Wood in the autumn of 1795, eight inches high,
and the pileus nearly as much in diameter ; the latter
being fomewhat conical, and in colour giving an idea
of the red calx of iron, or crocus martis. Its furface is
a little rough, and the margin hangs a little over the
edges below the pores, which are always pale brown,
not attached, but rounded off at the bafe from the
ftipes, which is roughly covered with dark brown
powder in irregular reticulations. It is cylindrical, but
fmalleft at the top. May not Boletus procerus of fome
authors belong to this in a young ftate ? I have fome
models of varieties which .feem to confirm fuch an
idea.

T A B. CXI.

BOLETUS ED u LIS. Bull.

1 FOUND great plenty of this, in the autumn of 1795,
in Peckham Wootls, Surrey, much larger in fize than
is here reprefentcd. This varies a little in the colour
of the pileus ; fometimes being nearl)' white, fome-
times Itill redder than our figure, but the tubes are
mollly of a bright yellow. The l\em is cylindrical,
partly comprefled, having oblong indentations which
catch the ferruginous feeds that fall from the pores,
giving a pleafuig etfecfl to the golden Item. It is very
remarkable that the plant, although very carnole, does
not change colour when cut. It is faitl to be good eat-
ing when properly drelfed ; the tafte when fimply
broiled is not unpleafant. It is white internally, and
eats like veal, though fomewhat tough.

T A B. CXII.
HYDNUM suBLAMELLosuM. Biil/. t. 453.7%". I.

1 HE Rev. Mr. Charles Abbott, of Bedford, favoured
me with thefe fpecimens, found in Clapham Wood, in
that county, OQi. 26 and Nov. 2, 1796. I believe this
fungus was not before known to grow in England.
The points fpread a little, and are irregular, more or
lefs conca\'e on one fide, giving it the appearance of
a Boletus^ to which it is nearly allied.

TAB. CXIII.

BOLETUS LACHRYMANS. Jacq. Mifc. Aiijl. v. 2. /. 8.
Dickf.fafc. i. p. 18.

JVIUCII too common in England, taking poffefTion
even of the bond timber in houfes, and often attached
by the back imder ll:air-cafes. Sec. * In damp jjlaces the
fru6tification is very frequent, and has otten an ex-
tremely elegant grotefcjue appearance, hanging in in-

* The bed way to guard againft this evil, is to introduce a free circulation
of frcfli air, and avoid building in damp fituatious.

verted cones and other fhapes. The porous furface is
very unequal, forming various reticulations and finufes.
Their colour varies from yellow to orange, or a bright
red brown. The whole fru£lification often forms a
circle from one to fix or eight inches in diameter, fur-
rounded with an outer fubfi:ance, tender, and pithy or
cottony, of a pale brown. 1 he upper part is commonly
clothed with a white mucor. 1 his pithy fubftance,
without fru6lification, is often found by itfelf, and is
very dry ; whence the Englifli name of dry rot : yet as
the fructification is feldom without drops of water re-
fembling tears, the Latin n-Sivne lachrymans^ or weeping,
has been given. Dr. Withering's reference to Bolton
makes it appear he never faw the plant. The latter
feems unwilling to perfuade himfelf that his figure,
tab. 167, was B. lachrynians, and could only reconcile it
■by the pores " having fomewhat the appearance of
falling tears." It is certainly a very different fpecies,
and, as he fays, agrees well with his B. obliquus^ tab. 74.

TAB. CXIV.

PEZIZA RADICULATA.

Found in Wanfted Garden, EfTex, OcSt. 13th, 1794,
and in the autumn of 1795, rooted up to the cup in lit-
ter and earth. The infide is a thin lining of nearly an
uniform yellow. The outer fide and the radicle are
white, a little woolly ; the bottom of the cup being
fomewhat corrugated with irregular reticulations
or veins. This fungus fhrinks much in drying, and
becomes leathery. May the figure in Ray's Synopfis,
ed. 3. t. 24. f. 4. have been taken from a bad fpecimen
of this fpecies ^

TAB. CXV.
PEZIZA OCHROLEUCA. Btill. 1. 105./. I. IFith. ed. 3. 349.

JN OT uncommon in the damp recefTes of moift woods.
It varies a little in the proportion of the pileus and
ftipes. The Rev. Mr. Abbott, of Bedford, fent me fpeci-
mens of this, among which one or two had a lliipes full
an inch long. It is fomewhat leathery and elaftic,
when frefh, but in drying flirinks much, and becomes
hardifh and horny.

TAB. CXVI.

PEZIZA Calyculus. Bull. t. 416./. 3.

1 H I S dirtcrs but little from P. ochrokuca, except in.
proportion and colour, and in having the ftipes fhorter
with refpe(5t to the cup. It does not flirink much in
decay.

T A B. CXVII.

PEZIZA FRUCTiGENA. With. ed. 3. v. 4. 350.

1 H I S fecms to want more than a defcription to dif-
tinguilli it from P. calyculus. It is however more
waxy, uniformly lighter in colour, and when on the
fides of the fruit, &:c. on which it grows, the Item is
lengthened, weak and flexuofe. It flirinks much in
drying, and becomes yellower.

TAB. CXVIII.

PEZIZA coMiTiALis. Batfch. Jig. 152.

1 WAS favoured with thefc fpecimens by the Rev.
Mr. Relhan, who gathered them in Madingley Plan-
tations. This is in appearance a very near approach
to a Lichen.

TAB. CXIX.

SPH^RIA ACUTA. Relban. Fl. Cant. Supp. 3. p. 34,
Hoffm. 22. tab. c,.f. 2.

1 HE Rev. Mr. Relhan firft obferved this fpecies in
England. It is moft common, late in the winter and
early in fpring, on the decayed ftalks of herbage,
particularly nettles, under hedges by the fides of
ditches. Sec.

TAB. CXX.

SPH^RIA TENTACULATA. Batfch. Jig. 183.

1 FIND this moft common in Kenfington Gardens
in damp places on rotten pieces of timber, the lower
part immerfed in the remains of the bark or in the
wood. The cylindrical mouths are vifible to the
naked eye like little bundles of hair. The adjacent
wood is fometimes ftained with black.

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COLOURED FIGURES

OF

ENGLISH FUNGI

OR

MUSHROOMS,

JAMES SOWERBY, F. L. S.

DESIGNER OF ENGLISH BOTANY, ETC.

. . . . " Was ev'ry falt'ring tongue of man,

Almighty Father ! filent in thy praife.

Thy works themfelves would raife a general voice j

Even in the depth of folitary woods,

By human foot untrod, proclaim thy power."

VOL. II. TAB. CXXI.— CCXL.

LONDON:,

1

PRINTED BY J. DAVIS, CH ANCERY-L ANB ; '

And fold by the Author, James Sowbrby, No. a, Mead Place, near the Afylum ; and j

MclTrs. White, Fleet Street; Johnson, St. Paur.t Church Yard; Symonds, ;

PalcrnuHer Row; and by all Bookfellcrs in Town and Country.
MDCCXCIX.

TAR. cxxr.

AGARICUS Cossus.

The highcft parts of Pcckham Wood, Surrey, pro-
duce this Ipecics annually about Odlober, where I have
always found it in great plenty fince the year 1792. It is
alfo to be found in other woods, n he pileusis covered
w ith a gluten, which conrtantly gives a ftrong goat-
like odour, exad;ly refembling the Mounded larva of
Phcrl. Coirus. When this gluten is dried by the wind,
thefcent llill remains on the hand that has touched it,
for many hours. In colour and fhape this Agaric varies
l)ut little from the figmc here given.

T A B. CXXII.
AGARICUS ALBELtus. ScbiVf tab. 78,

1 HIS is not a common plant, nor have I found it
more than twice. It furely is the fame fpecies as quoted
above, varying a little in the proportion, See. It is very
flefliy and folid from the pileus to the root ; the gills-
are \'cry narrow. I have found it greyifli, but the
prefent fpccimcn was nearly w bite where it was not
bruifed ; the bruifes were reddifli.

T A B. CXXIII.

AGARICUS DEALBATUS.

1 II I S little elegant fpecies is often found under a ca-
n()p\' of firs, fomc with partly conical, and fome with
undulating or waving tops, in different proportions,
dancing, as it were, in rings and mazes arrayed in vir-
gin white.

TAB. CXXIV.

AGARICUS GEOPHYLLUS. BulL PL t,ii.fg. i.

INODORUS. BulL PL S1\'Jig. 2.

V ARIABLE in colour; the pileus is fometimes brown
all over, and more or lefs fcaly, the bofs generally dark-
eft, and moftly brown, though the reft of the pileus
may happen to be purple or lilac. The gills vary
from nearly v/hite to a dark brown. Is this A. umbo-
7iatus of Dr. Withering ? and may not the gills be
fometimes quite white, as he defcribes them ? It is not
uncommon in September and October.

T A B. CXXV.

AGARICUS IMPUBER. Batjcb. tab. iT^.Jig. 116. a. b. c.

If a diftindl fpecies, this is a very pretty one. I have
found it three or four times in different places in Oc-
tober and November very plentifully, but not always
with purple on the ftem ; in other refpedts it feems
very conftant.

T A B. CXXVI.

AGARICUS GEjuNCTUs.

rM OT uncommon in autumn in moft woods, although
it fliould feem to have hitherto efcaped notice. This
kind commonly grows to a large fize. The pileus is
of a dirtyifti yellow, or nearly white, the gills whitifli,
and thickeft near the ftipes, fomewhat flattened, as it
were, by feparating from it in a peculiar manner, and
partly adhering to each other. This is conftant in the
many individuals I have feen.

TAB. CXXVII.

AGARICUS DRYOPHYLLUs. Bull. PI- 434.^^. 2.
irith. 289. cd. 3.

V ERY common, and nearly in fimilar fituations
\vitli the Champignon, A. pratcnjis^ HiuUbn, A. orcadeSy
Withering, and forming circles like that fpecies. The
pilcus is moltly brownilli in the centre, the gills arched
upwards, the Itipes fmooth and hoUcnv.

T A B. CXXVllI.

ACtARICUS TITUBAN3. Bull. PI. ^^-S-Jig. I-

Found in Kenfmgton Gardens, but not very otten,
and generally folitary. The brown or falmon-coloured
gills form the moft remarkable foature in this fpecies.

T A B. CXXIX.

AGARICUS CRASSIPES. Sckrff. tab. 88. IVitb. 184. ed. 3.

FusiPEs. Bull. 106, &: c^\6.fg. 1.

■ Dickf. fafc. i . page 1 5 .

"Very common, and in many refpedts refembling
fome varieties of Agaricusy/ipids (exclufive of the an-
nidus and generally greater roughncfs of the latter),
but is tougher and more elaftic ; growing in cluiters
from the filVures of old Humps, and between them and
the earth, generally fo confined at the roots, that a
large clurter often arifes from a Tingle point. The
fmall bundle here rcprefented grew on the ftump of a
fawn-down oak, and had radicles. Surely this is A. elaf-
iicus Withering, 190 ? The gills are often quite white..

TAB. CXXX.

AGARICUS BULBosus.

Jr LENTIFUL in Earlham plantation of firs, by the
road leading to Norwich, in autumn. 1 could not help
giving it the above name. It fhould feem to be the
A. bulbojus of Hudfon. The A. bulbofus of Schaeff, Bolt.
With. 3d ed. 217. &c. feem all to be no other than a
variety of A. miifcarius Linn, which has been multi-
plied to many fpecies.

T A B. CXXXI.

AGARICUS SEMi-ovATUS. With. 296. ed. 3.

• HELVEOLUS. Schipff. t. 2IO.

PAPILIONACEUS. Bull. PI. 58.

SEMIPUTRIS. Bull, PI. 66.

Commonly found in a lefs luxuriant ftate than re-
prefented, yet often larger. This variety of propor-
tions has given it fo many appearances, that it is eafily
enough taken for different fpecies. It is A. aciimina-
tus of SchaefF. when the pileus is found acuminated,
which is not uncommon ; A. cUiaris of Bolt, when oc-
cafionally lacerated ; A- femiovatus of Dr. Withering,
when the plant is neareft to perfection in all its parts .
The gills are, in the beginning, edged with a white
farina, or powder; by degrees they become mottled with
brown, and finally black, when they are feen to be
double, and compofed of capillary tubes, which deli-
quefce along with the black feed. In a perfect ftate,
it has an annulus, and is moft plentiful in moift mea-
dows, on dung, in fpring and autumn. On a dewy
morning the pileus is covered with a moifture, through
which it fliines with a beautiful fparkling luflre.

TAB. CXXXII.

BOLETUS iGMARius. Linn. Sp. 1645. F. S. 1252.

Hudf. I ed. 497. JVitb. 3 ed. 333. WoodvUle'i

Med. Botany, PI. 274. Bull. 82.
BOLf^TUS UNGULATUs. Scbccff. 136, 137 ? Bull. 40T,

Sc 491.

On willows moft ficfiiient. It is felTile, varying in
lliape, but often refcmhling an hoiil's hoof. 'J he pi-
leus, when }-oung, is fox-coloined, and Ibmewhat to-
mentofe, but becomes very hard,tliOiigh fibrous by age,
lb as to endure all feafons, and even defy the ravages of
infects for more than 7 or 8 )'ears, growing or dried.
The tubes are long, and moftly cylindrical, very fine,
growing under each other in layers periodically ; in
the beginning of each period, commonly giving a
whitilh farina, afterwards a ferruginous powder. 1 his
is the Agaricus chirurgorum, Edin. Pharm. formerly
having been recommended as a liyptic. It is manu-
factured for tinder, 8cc. on the Continent in many
places, by beating, boiling in lye and faltpetre, &:c. In
Franconia, they are faid to beat the inner fubllance
into the form of leather, and few it together for gar-
ments.

T A B. CXXXIII.
BOLETUS FOMENTARius. Linn. Sp. 1645. F. S. 1252.
lVith.7,ed 333.

Seems commonly confounded with the preceding,and
often refembles it in eveiy varied fliapc, but grows
quicker, feldom enduring more than afcafon, perhaps
from Au^ult to Decem])cr. The fibres are fbfter, and ea-
fily pervaded by infedfs. See It is made mto tinder with-
out beating, and ufcd in Cicrmany, particularly about
the Ilart'/e, fo famous for its rich mines. I have the
authorit}' of the ingenious Dr. Af/.clius, formerly a pu-
pil of Linnxus, for authenticating this foecies. The
tubes are moftly e(]uaL and exude copioufiN' a glaucous
farina in the gro\Ning ftate, which ma\' be fcraped olY.
In tlic latter Itate, tliey exude a ferruginous powder.
Are not B. pfeudo-ignarius Bidl. 458, and B. ungulatus
Schxfl". 138, this fpecies.'

TAB. CXXXIV-

BOLETUS LuciDUs. Curt. F.L. 224.

RUGOsus. y^^c. 169. fVM. 321.

OBLiQUATUs. Bti//. Fl 459. cd. PI. a. b. c.

1 HIS has fome affinity to the laft, is of a fibrous tex-
ture, and fometimes fellile, but fofter, and the gene-
rally richly lacquered appearance of the pileus and
Item makes it confpicuous. The \arniih feems a colour-
ed gum, limilar to what often iffues in the autumn from
the hornbeam, of a dark brown or black, refembling
bitumen. I have moftly found it on the hornbeam,
or Carpinus betulus Linn. It is feldom found in the
foft ftate, when the part growing is yellow or whitifli,
and very tender, when it recedes from the leaft touch,
fo that grafs, &c. may eafily be furrounded by it, and
feem to grow through it. I have found it two or three
times fo on Hainault Foreft, Effex, &;c. Mr. Walford, oi
Birdbrook, Effex, favoured me with the fpecimen here
figured, from his plantation.

T A B. CXXXV.
BOLETUS suLPHUREUs. Bull. 429. With. 3 ed. 331.

On walnut, oak, and willow trees, 8cc. after rain, in
fpring, fummer, and autumn. It is of quick growth,
and fometimes forms an imbricated mofs in a few days
of three or more feet in circumference. This eafily
dries, when it becomes friable, and is readily reduced to
a powder for tinder, for w^hich it is occafionally ufed in
fome places upon the Continent. When frefli, it is
foft and tender, and, if laid with the pileus downwards,
will produce pores like the under fide ; thofe protube-
rances that are fheltered under the imbrications are
commonly covered with pores. In very fliady places
it will often become ramofe, and be altogether covered
with pores, whence Bull. B. ramofus, pi. 418.

T A B. CXXXVI.

LYCOPERDON fragile. Dkkf. Fajc. tab. 3. Jig. 5.
JFitb. 3 ed. 385.

It may fcem as if the feeds of this plant floated in the
autumiial air, and lii2;hting wlicre chance dirccf^ed. I
liavc found them on hving grafs, 8cc. a foot or more
from the earth, fixed h>' a gummy matter rather than
a root, hi the morning, like a thick cream in one mafs,
which foon hccomes \ ellow, and hcgins to feparate, hut,
on the leall touch, w ill run together again. It grows
harder, and forms diftindt plants towards evening.
The following day they feem perfeded, and confift of a
chefnut hrown and hrittle cafe, full of dark j^jow der, on
fomcthing like a loofc woolly receptacle.

T A B. CXXXVII.

SPHyllRIA DECORTICATA.

HYPOXYLON MUMMULARIUM. Bull P/. 468.y/>. 4.

This fpccies is common in Kenfington Gardens.
The Rev. Mr. Kirhy, who fent me fine fpecimens from
Suffolk, fuggerted the name of S. decorticata., much
more applicahle than the ahove of Bulliard. I have
found it nearly covering llicks three or four feet long.

T A B. CXXXVIII.
SPH.^RIA ciRRHATA. Hoff. tab. d. Jig. i.
HYPOXYLON ciRRHATUM. Bull. PL ^^l-fig- 4-

FoUXU occafionally in Kenfington Gardens and
I lornfey Wood. Moft of the fphicria difcharge a loofe
powder ; this difcharges a wax-like fuhfiance like fine
thread or tendrils, relembling vermicelli.

TAB. CXXXIX.

UREDO LONGISSIMA.

A OA Aquatica, very plentiful in one part of Lambeth
Marfli, bears this paralite on the fohage early in au-
tumn, which gives the appearance of the fru6lification
of an AJplenhim. It feems nearly allied to '^.fegetum
of Bull. /)/. 472. yff. 2. (viz.) the fmut,as it is common-
ly called, of the corn ; but this fine duft is brown, and
imbedded in longitudinal ftreaks in the fubftance of the
foliage, covered by the epidermis, which it burfts on
the front, and is vifible by being tranfparent at the
back. The fmut feems a change of the fubftance of
the feed, covered by its epidermis, and is much blacker.
See Uftulata xwBibliotheca BankJiana,yo\. 3. p. 422, and
431. The French call it Ergot. Uredo is a new genus
of Perfoon, in his work on Fungi.

T A B. CLX.

UREDO FRUMENTI.

IVluCH too common on wheat in low places, or where
too clofely fown, efpecially after rain in the early part
of autumn. This takes pofleffion of the foliage like
the laft, but rather in fliape of upright fliort clavated
threads,black at the top, appearing fcorchedat the bafes,
in lliorter fpaces, and frequently burft on both fides.
It alfo more commonly covers the upper and outer
parts of the ifem, calyx, &:c. for near two feet, feldom
touching the feed, although it may rtint it more or lefs
by weakening the plant. This is commonly diftin-
guiflied by the appellation of the blight.

TAB. CXLI.

AGARICUS MINIATUS. Schcrf tab. 213.

r* OUND by Lady Arden at Boxhill, Surr^% and alfo
by the Rev. John Hcmfted, Newmarket. It is not very
rare, although I behcve hitherto unnoticed by any
Britifli author. It is fomcwhat iportive ; ^hich, how-
ever, in all the fungi depends nuich on the place of
growth, or variablencfs of the feafon. Pileus fome-
timcs with a large bofs, at other times more hemi-
fpharrical ; generall)' of a deep butf hue, as well as the
gills, which are rather wide alunder. '1 he ftipes is
Hghter coloured, folid, but pith}'.

T A B. CXLII.

AGARICUS opAcus. JVith, cd. 3. /1. 183.

1 HE fdvery glare and opaque furface of the pileus
will generally diltinguilli this plant ; yet under par-
ticidar circumltances we have feen it without this
mark, when it occafionally reprefents A. infundibiiUfor-
mis, t. 286, and A. Jinibriatus, Bolt. t. 61. It is a veiy
common ])lant, growing in woods, on heaths. Sec.
and occafionally along with A. orcadeSy Mhich it re-
fembles in flavour, but is more watery and tender.
The opaq\ie glare ^vill eafd)" rub off when frelli, though
v. c ha\ e dried fpccimens that retain it.

TAB. CXLIII.

AGARICUS PALLiDUS. Scb^ff. tab. 50.

-11 AINAULT Foreft produces this plant plentifully
in Odfober. It has fome refemblance to the lalf fpe-
cies. The pileus is often opacjue, but not fdvery or
Ihining. It has a Ifrong mealy fmell, and difagrecable
taile. The gills invariably produce on their outer fur-
faces a pinky powder, in the advanced Ifate, and in
drying.

TAB. CXLIV.

AGARICUS AROMATICUS.

GLUTINOSUS. Bull t. 258. Sc 539.

r IRST fent me by Mr. B. M. Forfter. Found at
Walthamftow. The agreeable fpicy odour fuggefted
its name. It appears to be A. glutinofus of Bulliard,
though his gills are colourlefs ; a name applicable to
many of the fungi, (and would do for this were it not
previoully engaged,) as it is fometimes altogether a
gluten, or jelly. The pileus has generally a thick glu-
tinous fkin of a cinnamon colour : the gills are fome-
what pinky ; they appear to be decurrent in the young
jlate, but when advanced they feparate, fo as to appear
naturally loofe or feparate from the fiipes, which is
fomewhat hollow and pithy. The whole plant when
frefli is often fo tender, I have not been able to gather
it whole ; in bruiling it becomes blackilli. As the plant
dries, the fkin corrugates, and often becomes very
prettily reticulated ; (may not this be A. reticulatus of
Dr. Withering, ed. 3. 289 .0 The tafte is watery, with a
peppermint-like coolnefs in the mouth, and a lafting
roughnefs in the throat.

T A B. CXLV.

LYCOPERDON radiatum.

1 HIS remarkably curious and new fpecies, perhaps
a new genus, (which, however, feems to belong to
the Lycoperdon phalloides of Philofophical Tranfadlions,
V. 74. 473. 1. 16. and Spicilegium botanicwjt^ 1. 12.) was fent
me from Holt in Norfolk by the Rev. R. B. Francis,
who found it on a plaftered wall of a ball-room. The
rays appear to be the root by which it is attached to
the wall, and are compofed of an infinite number of
fine woolly filaments nearly white. The little ball in
the centre is nearly folid, and finely tomentofe on the
outfide. Under a magnifier we can difcover a fine
dull or feed, clofely refembling that of the Lycoperdon
phalloides^ but much lefs copious.

T A B. CXLVl.

LYCOPERDON acariforme,

xYlso a new fpccies, found at Walthamftow by Mr.
B. M. Forftcr. Tlic little radiate roots are compofed of
fimilar fibres to the preceding, fprcading in a much
fmaller proportion, fomewhat knee'd, and divided into
irregular lobes bearing fome refemblance to claws,
giving it altogether the appearance of an animal. The
ball is fcarcely tomentofe, nor can we be pofitive that
it is a Lycopcrdon.

T A B. CXLVII.
PEZIZA HispiDA. Rel. Sup. 1051.

LANUGINOSA. Bull. 204.

ALBIDA. ScbiPjff. t. 151.

1 HE Rev. Charles Abbot favored me with the larger
fpecimens of this plant from Whitewood, Bcdfordiliire.
Bulliard has fome figures much larger, fpreading and
recurved, in a campanulate form, nearly half an inch
.beyond the hifpid part. The fmall figures were from
Effex, gathered by Thomas Walford, Efq. and differ in
lize only.

TAB. CXLVIII.

PEZIZA ARGILLACEA.

Occasionally on common black modelling
clay, where, to the artift, it is a troublefome intruder,
it being generally neceffary to work the part again to
get rid of it. It is held to the clay by very fine atte-
nuated cobweb-like fibres from the fides, as it were to
affiffc the little knobby root.

T A B. CXLIX.

PEZIZA MELASTOMA.

This pretty plant was fent with a neat drawing from
Hexham in Northumberland, by Francis Scott jun. of
that place, who obferves, that it is frequent on the root
of Erica vulgaris ^ &c. that it is of a thick hard fub-
ftance in every ftage of growth, growing fingly or in
groups in upland fliady woods, about February and
March. The black infide in drying forms cracks, and
when magnified we fee whitifh threads crofling them.

T A B. CL.

PEZIZA AUREA.

HELVELLA aurea. Bolt. 98. With. ed. 3. 340.
COMMON on cut ftumps of oak,'&:c. in autumn.

TAB. CLI.

PEZIZA ciTRiNA, With, ed, 3. /». 347.

r REQUENT on bits of wood in damp fliady places.

TAB. CLII.

PEZIZA cHRYsocoMA. Bull. tab. 376.

-T OUND on bits of wood, very frequently on the
under fide.

T A B. CLIII.

HELVELLA infundibuliformis. Schcvff. tab. z-ji.

(jATHERED in Kenfington Gardens, Odober 1797-
It exadf ly refembles an Agaric with the lamellae taken
out. Our I'pccimens were feemingly more perfeft than
thofe referred to ; but do not quite fo well agree with
the title of ififundibuliformis, or funnel-fliaped.

T A B. CLIV.
HELVELLA fui.iginosa. SchcCff. 320. JFith. ed. 3. 341.

Very plentiful, in Odober 1797, in the fir planta-
tions of Thomas Walford, Ei\\. of Birdl)rook, Elllx, by
whofe favour I received them. It fhould feem very
nearly allietl to Peziza Jlipitata. The odour was difa-
greeable.

TAB. CLV.
HELVELLA pannosa.

r* OUND by Mr. Hunter in Lord Mansfield's garden,
Hampftead, Middlefex. Woody in texture, irregularly
infundibuliform, being more or lefs lacerated, rugged,
or torn even to the inner lide.

TAB. CLVI.

CLAVARIA ANTHOCEPHALA. Biill. 452. With. ed. 3.
366.

•Sent b>' m)- kind friend 'I'homas Walford, Efq. with
Htivella fuUginoJa. I have found it fparingly on Hai-
nault Foreit ; it is of a tough woody texture.

TAB. CLVII.

CLAVARIA MUSCOiDES. With. ed. 3. 368.

Fr

REQUENT in many woods and gardens, &c. in
Autumn.

T A B. CLVIII.

CLAVARLA l acini at a. Bull. t. 415. With. ed. 3. 366.

1 HIS came from Birdbrook. It is much rooted in
the earth, and feems to depend on the riling irregula-
rities and herbage for fupport, fpreading elegantly in
all diredlions.

T A B. CLIX.

SPH^RIA CLAVATA.

1 HIC Rev. John Hemlted favoured me with fpeci-
mens gathered lalt Autumn from a plantation on New-
market Heath, Cambridgelhire. It is a rare and new
plant ; I foiuid three fpecimens in Sir William Jer-
ningham's plantations at Colteiy near Norwich, in
the year 1783.

TAB. CLX.

SPH-3iRIA FKAxiNEA. JVitb. ed. 3. 393.

1. HIS is certainly a very curious produ(Stion, being a
continued parafite on itfelf. The general fliape is
hemifphaerical, though often very uneven. It forms
whitifh farinaceous threads (if I may call them fo)
and black fphserules in alternate order around the
whole furface, which, having fru(5lified, remain in
ftriae concentrating from the root or bafe. The white
threads deftitute of farina becoming greyer, and the
appearance of capfules in the black itriae being totally
loft, give it the exadl refemblance of the grain of the
wood in fome charcoal. This fvmgus is found on afli,
hornbeam, and other trees, and often grows to three
inches diameter, in fome fituations continuing to grow
many months.

TAB. CLXI.

AGARICUS coLUMBARius. Bull. t. 413, 7?^-. i.

1 HIS is not an uncommon Agaric, but varies fo
much in colour as not to be eafily known under all
its changes. The moft perfect plants arc generally of
a lead, or blueifli colour ; the pileus darkell and fome-
what fmooth, with a doAvny and filky apjjearance.
When they vary to a dark- brown or foxy tint, they
are then more fportive as to fliape.

T A B. CLXII.
AGARICUS MURiNUS.

1 WAS favoured Mith this curious plant by Lady
Ardcn two or three times in September 1797. It had
always a ftrong odour of mice. I can no where find
a defcription agreeing corrcdlly with this fpecies, there-
fore fuppofc it new.

T A B. CLXIII.

AGARICUS cAULiciNALis. 5////. 522,7%-. I.

Sent in September 1796, by the Rev. J. Hemfted of
Newmarket, from a fir wood in that neighbourhood.
It is a plentiful fpecies where it grows at all. I believe
no Englilh author has defcribcd it.

/

TAB. CLXIV.

AGARICUS piLOSUS. Hudf. FL AngL 622.

IVlR. B. M. Forfter favoured me with fpecimens of
this curious Agaric from Hollybufli-Hill near Wan-
fled in EfTex. Mr. Dickfon, I beheve, firft found it on
the decayed foliage of Holly [Ilex aquifolium) near
Croydon, Surry, and gave it to Mr. Hudfon.

TAB. CLXV.

AGARICUS GALERicuLATUS. Schcpff. tab. 52.

r REQUENT on willov/ flumps in autumn or fpring,
efpecially in damp weather, moflly iiTuing from under
the bark, or where it is rotted away near the furface of
the earth. We find the general appearance of this
fungus pretty conftant ; the flipes is tough.

TAB. CLXVI.

AGARICUS STRIATUS. Bull, s^^, fg- ^■

Very frequent on willow ftumps, growing in large
tlullers.

TAB. CLXVII.

AGARICUS ZYLOPHiLUs. Bull. t. 530,/^'. 2.

Although very frequent on bits of ftick, old
roots of furze, &:c. yet it feems to have been over-
looked in England. The ftellated appearance is moft
common. In dry weather, and in its latter ftate, it is
fometimes more opaque. Occafionally fome frag-
ments of an anmdus are apparent.

T A B. CLXVIII.

AGARICUS CONFLUENS.

1 RECEIVED fpecimens of this curious Agaric by
favour of the Rev. Charles Abbot of Bedford, (whofc
difccrnment and kindnefs I have not always had op-
portvmity to acknowledge), two or three times in the
autumn of 1796. One clufter was four times the fize
of the largeft figure. The irregular protuberances on
the pileus differ from any thing I had before feen in
any of the Agarics.

TAB. CLXIX.

AGARICUS PROLIFERUS.

This curious fpeclmen was found at Kennington,
Surry, among a gravelly fand by the fide of a iiream,
where there was above a bufliel of them, all with
long roots feemingly in proportion to the thicknefs of
the coat of fand, as if they belonged to the bank be-
neath ; the fand appeared to have lain there fome
time. A great many were with clufters of heads on
one item, as here figured.

TAB. CLXX.

AGARICUS piCACEus. Bull. tab. 146.

IN OT very common. I found it on Hainault foreft
EflTex, and at Peckham-wood, in 0(Stober and Novem-
ber 1795. Lord Vifcount Lewifliam obferved it about
the fame time.— Surely it is very nearly allied to Aga-
ricus confperfus of Dr. Withering, though much
larger.

TAB. CLXXL

AGARICUS MELIAGRIS.

1am obliged to Lady Arden for beautiful fpecimens
of this Ati,aiic found in an hot-bed, May 24th, 1798.
I have named it A. melcagris^ as the former A. mclea-
^ris proves a variety of A. clypeolarius. The prefent is
undoubtedly a new plant, having a folid lUpes and a
curious fomcwhat reticulated root, hi drying, it be-
comes of a blufli-red all over except the lower part of
the rtipes, which retains the darker hue.

TAB. CLXXII.

AGARICUS ELixus.

JL CANNOT trace out any account or figure of this,
therefore prefume it to be a new fpecics — we find it
l)retty frequent in damp meadows, &c. generally veiy
much fodden. It may be found every autumn (along
with A. coniprcjfus^ tab. 66), in Kcnfington-gardens.

T A B. CLXXIII.

AGARICUS HiNNULEUs. With. "c. 3, 232.

V ERY frequent in fir woods. Sec. We arc not quite
furc that this is Dr. Withering's fpecies ; but as it dif-
fers but little from his defcription, we venture to ufe
his fi)ecific name, which is very apt. In the latter
Itate it has often little blotches on the pileus, and the
farinaceous jiowder is quite lolh W'c have feen if
alio mut h larger.

TAB. CLXXIV.

AGARICUS MOLLI0SCULUS.

VJTROWS in damp places on ver}'^ rotten wood.
Thefe fpecimens were found in a grove under poplar-
trees in Lambeth-marfli, Auguft 27th, 1795. I have
feen it fince there, and in other places, llridly agree-
ing with what are here delineated.

TAB. CLXXV.

BOLETUS scABER. Bull. t. 489, &: 132, 'var.
BOLETUS BOViNUS. Schcvff'. tab. 10^.}

V ERY freqvient in woods, &c. It varies much in
fize and length of ftipes, but lefs in the colour and ge-
neral fhape of the pileus and gills ; the pileus has
fomething of a dull leathery appearance, and is of a
dirty greyifli crimfon. Its fliape is hemifphaerical,
fomewhat flattened. The pores are a dirty or greyifh
green, fometimcs nearly white; their tubes veiy fliort
towards the ftipes, longer in the middle, and fliorten-
ing again at the edge of the pileus ; their diameter al-
ways fmall, but they feem when magnified regularly
fliaped. This I am told is a favourite food among
the Ruffians and Poles, who have many ways of
cooking and pickling it. Mr. Frazier was fo kind as
to bring me fome from thence pickled, very rich in
fpices. Infe6ts foon breed in this fungus.

TAB. CLXXVr.

HYDNUM REPANDUM. Jritb. V. 3, 336. Scbcff. 318.
Bu//. tab. 172.

I N Pcckham and Hornfcy Woods, plentifully every
autumn. It is frequently fportive in fliape, even to
the very points, which I have found lamellated as in
the figure. The colour varies but little. The fubilancc
is very brittle.

TAB. CLXXVII.

PEZIZA PAPILLARIA. BulL t. 4^1-, fig' I.

r* OUND on rotten ftumps in Hornfey Wood and
other places, in damp autumns. It appears that the
hairs at the edges and the fides are deciduous. It is
very much frequented by infects, which are fo much
covered by it, as to appear like the fungus in motion,
or the mites in cheefe ; but a magnifying lens foou
difcovers the deception.

TAB. CLXXVlir.

PEZIZA HYDNOIDES.

O N bits of flicks, 8cc. in damp woods and lliady places.

TAB. CLXXIX.

RETICULARIA multicapsula.

1 HIS is at firft of a frothy, afterwards a mucilaginous
texture. As it advances towards maturity, it fettles
into little roundifli protuberances, and feems a fome-
what condenfed powder. At length we find it com-
pofed of an innumerable quantity of oblong capfules,
filled with a fine powder or feed. The operculum, or
cover, feems, like the fame powder, a little hardened
by external moifture, or fome mucilaginous matter.
I am not quite fatisfied to call it a Reticularia ; but muft
leave the definitions of all the Genera till we are more
informed.

TAB. CLXXX.

TRICHIA POLYMORPHA.

1 FIRST found this in the outfide gallery above the
dome of St. Paul's Cathedral, London, April 5th, 1794*
on a cindery fub fiance. I have frequently feen it fince
on putrifying bones, Sec. The Rev. Mr. Alderfon, of
Hevingham, Norfolk, found fome on Norfolk cheefe,
in his cellar, which was brought me by Mr. Dawfon
Turner, of Yarmouth, June ift, 1798. All cheefe
feems to have it in a young or imperfect fl:ate, as the
yellow, orange and red tints indicate ; the fubftance is
extremely tender and mealy, but durable if not touch-
ed. I have both fpecimens by me, not decayed.

T A B. CLXXXI.
AGARICUS QLERCiNLS. Linn. Sp. PL 1644. IViib.

rj. 4. 307.

IV'loST common on old oak ports, railing, or cut
rtumjis ; being Icart tVccjiicnt on tiic trees themlelvcs.
Thcle plants arc attached by a broad bale or back,
often alfuming the appearance of a Bo/tlus on the
under lule, being full of fuch peculiar cells as to have
caufed a doubt of the genus. One fpecimen fre(iuently
unites in itlelf the three genera, jij[^aricus, Bo/etuSy and
Hydnuni: being lamellated, porous, and with points.
The pileus is more or lels rugged, but not at all hairy.
Subrtance very much like cork, clumfy, but often
formed with the lamellae elegantly dropping into laby-
rinths, folds, Sec.

T A P>. CLXXXII.

AGARICU.S BETULiNUS. Linn. Sp. PL 1645. With,
re. 4. 305.

A NEATP>R plant than the lalt, growing fometimcs
in fimilar fituations, and fre(iuentl)' on Itumps of the
Birch {Bitii/a)., whence I fuppofe its name. It is at-
tached by a broad bafe or back, and in a young rtatc is
truly a Boktus, but in maturity acfpiires very dirtindt
lamellx, which finally become cxtremelv thin, rtiff",
fomewhat wrinkled, and folded. The Ihorter lamellae
end abruptly at right angles. The i>ileus is tomentofc,
variegated with different browns, greatly refembling
B. verjicolor. Thofe growing on the birch mortly ai-
fiime a woolly whitilh furface like plurti.

r A P>. CLXXXIII.

AGARICUS ALNEUs. Linn. Sp. PI. 1645.

1 AM glad to have an opportunity, by favour of the
Rev. Mr. Watts, F.L.S. to preilnt my botanical friends
with a figme of the true yl^^ariciis ahuus., with fome
certainty of its being of Englilh growth. '1 he above
gentleman found the elegant fmall united fi)ecimen,
No. I. on a beer-barrel in liis c ellar at Alhill, Norfolk.
Some fmall ones I gathered in London, by favour of
Colonel Patterfon, F.L.S. but the box they grew upon

came from the Eaft Indies. The flem, when any, is
fhort, lateral, woojly and white ; lamelloe very differ-
ent from any other Agaric known, and always fplit,
turning backwards towards the pileiis. They are
finely fibrous within. None of my fpecimens have
them branched * ; they are irregularly paired, and
feldom inofculate except towards the bafe. The pi-
leus is woolly, fcolloped, zoned, and ftriated with fur-
rows oppolite to the lamellae. Texture fomewhat
leather}'^ and durable. I have been favoured with fpe-
cimens from Owhyhee by Mr. Menzies, and from Sierra
Leone in Africa by Dr. Afzelius. Mr. B. M. Forfter
found feveral on a timber between Shoreditch and
Hackney; but from whence it came he knew not.
The plant is common in the South of France.

TAB. CLXXXIV.
AGARICUS MiLLUS.

1 HIS curious Agaric was gathered in Kenfington
Gardens, where there were greaf plenty, January 1796.
I am not fure of its being a fpecies ; but as it is difficult
to make out fatisfadlorily to what it belongs, I could
not relilf figuring it. The prickly collar is molt likely
to afford a fpecific difference.

TAB. CLXXXV.

AGARICUS FLACciDus.

A DISTINCT fpecies not uncommon in pine woods.
Mr. Hunter fliewed me plenty in Lord Mansfield's wood
at Hampftead, in the autumn of 1796. This fungus is
apt to vary in its proportions and growth. The Itipes
is cottony at the bafe, from a quarter of an inch to an
inch or more in height, often lateral. 1 he gills are
clofe, with fome intermediate ones, but not fufficiently
regular to reckon in pairs or regular numbers. The
pileus is thin, and refembles tanned leather. It is
often prettily ftained or blotched in an advanced Hate.
A. mollis Bull, may poflibly be this plant.

* It (lioulJ feem tl-.at A. hetul'inus, tab 1S2, (fee the end of the defcrip-
tion,) may have been received as this plant ; and it is remarkable, that the
conflriflion of the gills has been miftaken both in Bulliard's excellent plates,
and Batfch, who has conceived them branched. However, Linnseus fays lamel-
Jis bifidis, but of A. betuUnus lamellis ramcfis. Sp. PI.

TAB. CLXXXVI.
AGARICUS LOBATUS.

• INFUNDIBULIFORMIS. BulI. t. ^^T,.

Kensington Gardens have often afforded this
Agaric in great plenty, and Avith httle variations. The
ftipes for the moft part grows thickening upwards,
and fpreading into the pilcus ; gills numerous, lighter
than the pileus, which is of a brownifli red.

TAB. CLXXXVII.

AGARICUS AMETHYSTiNUS. With. V. 4. 180?

Sheltered in the damp parts of woods, not un-
frequent. Air and fun M'ould affe(5t the tender but
beautiful colour. The lamellae in the young plants
are fomewhat arched, and fixed; in the older they
feparate from the ftem, and often feem as if never
fixed. In the latter ftatc the pileus fometimes hol-
lows into the hollowed ftipes, and the whole plant
has a rufty hue, much refembling A. farinaceus of
I hulfon ; but furel)^ it cannot be the fame fpecies.

TAB. CLXXXVIII.

AGARICUS FiMETARius. Linti. Sp. PL 1643.

. ovATUs. With. 1'. 4. 293. Curt. Lond.

fofc. 2. /• 72.

ABOUND ufually at the bottom of ports or paling,
but not always. The ftipes is rugged at the bafe,
and up to the edge of the pileus in the younger plants,
retaining there a permanent mark ; the reft is fmooth ;
the whole fiftulofe and veiy brittle. The gills are loofe,
of a filver}' white, with a white farinaceous powder at
their edges. The fides are connecSlcd by little points and
pores fitting each other on cither fide ; and the lamellae

will more readily fplit than feparate, till in advancing
to decay, the pileus expanding, fome occafionally fplit
and fome feparate elaftically, fo as to difperfe the feed
from their pores, hi wet weather they decay at the
edges into an inky fluid, like the following fpecies.

TAB. CLXXXIX.

AGARICUS cYLiNDRicus. With. v. 4. 286. Scbaff. 46,

47, & 48.
AGARICUS FiMETARius. Curt. Lond.fafc. 2. /. 73.

r OUND growing occafionally every where, more
particularly among garden fweepings, and other rub-
bilh in damp places, Angle, or in chillers. Stipes hol-
low, containing a pith refembling a thread of cotton.
Th'" pileus is more cylindrical than any other Agaric
at prefent known, even in the general appearance;
and I once faw it at Sir Abraham Hume's, Bart. Hert-
fordfhire, full four inches long, and only one and a
iialf in diameter. Some of the plants are eighteen
inches high, in the advanced ftate decaying at the
edges of the pileus, the feeds with the gills dropping
off in a fluid ftate. The annulus is remarkably per-
manent, though fmall.

TAB. CXC.

AGARICUS PROCERUS. Schc?ff. 18, 19, 32, &: 33. With.
'L'. 4. 271. Hudf. 612. Curt. Lond.fafc. 4. t. 69.

A COMMON plant, varying but little except in
proportion. The ftipes is fomewhat fibrous and brit-
tle. The gills are lefs brittle, and join to the pileus
half an inch from the ftipes. The pileus is tough
and fpongy, efpecially when dry ; the annulus double;
the outermoft refembling the coating of the pileus,
the inner its fpongy fubftance : fo alfo are the fcales of
the pileus.

TAB. CXCI.

BOLETUS BIENNIS. Bull. t. 449. /f. I-

Found by the Rcv. Mr. Hemlled in the neighbour-
hood of Newmarket. According to Bulhard, it is apt
to var>' much. The ftipcs (occafionally central, and
covered with naked pores) is fomewhat tomentofe.
Pores varying, into finufes and labyrinths very irregu-
larl>\ Th€ pileus is rather hilpid. It hardens in diy-
ing, becoming wood5%

T A B. cxcir.

BOLETUS PERENNis. Linn. With. ed. 3. 314.

This may be found every year in Sir William Jer-
ningham's plantations near Norwich, according to my
experience for fome years. It is of a woody texture,
and appears nearly the fame \\'hether frefli or dried.
Mifs Johnes fent it to Dr. Smith from Hafod, Cardi-
ganfliu^e.

TAB. CXCIII.

BOLETUS ANGUSTATUS.

JVlR. Kobfon of Darlington firrt fent me a bit of this
plant. 1 have fmce found it at the foot of a poplar in
Lambeth, and elfewhere. The character fcems con-
Itant. It is fixed by the back ; the pores arc long and
narrow, with fome variations ; the pileus flattifli, much
blotched with a dull crimfon, zoned and lobed, fome-
what fatiny at the edges, which arc of a filvery brown.

T A B. CXCIV.

' BOLETUS siNuosus.

In September 1793, I gathered the nppermoft fpeci-
men on the root of an old poplar in Lambeth, where
there were many larger ones all attached by the back.
The pores are fmiious, oblong, or varying" in every
direction ; the pileus tomentofe, knobby, zoned, and
undulating in ridges towards the edges, often much
imbricated. The lower fpecimen was gathered from
the fame fpot in the December following, when the
plants were almoft black, with a gum or glutinous
pitchy-looking fubftance on the pileus, particularly
towards its edges, and the tomentofe appearance was
loft: at both periods they were whitilli within, and
altogether of the fame fibrous or woolly texture, and
woody hardnefs.

T A B. CXCV.

BOLETUS IMPUBER. Bull.

Xv ARELY found in an advanced ftate. Lady Arden
firft fent me full grown fpecimens. When firft ap-
pearing it often refembles a Byffus, with here and
there fome pores indicating a Boletus *. Sometimes
we find little elfe than pores f. It is attached by the
back, the pores fomewhat unequal and fmall ; the pi-
leus rugged and zoned ; its growing edges velvety.
At an advanced period it is more or lefs fmooth in its
general furface.

* I have fomewhere feen it under the name of B. lyjfoidcs.
t Boletus refupinatus Bolton.

TAB. CXCVI.

BOLETUS RADIATUS.

W AS gathered in Stone-Park, Withiham,Sufrex, on
a decaying ftvimp, perhaps an oak. It grows radiating
from a centre, or Ihiall woolly beginning, burlling
through the bark. The pores are nearly C(pial and
fmall ; i)ilcus at its attachment ferruginous, browner
in the middle, zoned and yellower towards the edges ;
texture wood)-. Perhaps this may be B. verficolor
Scbccff. tab. 136. — but furely not oi Linn.

T A B. CXCVII.

AGARICUS cocciNEUs.

1 HE Rev. Mr. Hemil:ed of Newmarket fent me this
pretty Agaric. I do not know that it is any where
noticed. The ftipes is woolly at the bafe, folid, and
nearly of equal thicknefs ; the long gills fixed to the
Itipes ; the pileus thin and fomewhat conical. Al-
though a tender plant, it does not change colour in
drying, but flirivels much. It grows parafitically on
pine cones, &c.

TAB. CXCVIII.

LVCOPERDON fornicatum. Hudf.

JL HIS very lingular plant has been frequently found
in Norfolk and Suffolk. My fjKcimen was met with
in Kent. So ffrange a vegetable has furprifed many ;
and in the year 1695 it was pul)linied under the
name of Fungus Anthropomorphus, and figured with

human faces on the head. It is at firft roundifli ; in
ripening the head burfts through the two coats or
wrappers ; the inner wrapper, detaching itfelf from
the outer, becomes inverted, connecSled only by the
edges ; the coats moft conftantly fpht into four parts.
See Mr. Woodward's excellent account of moft of the
fpecies in Linn. Tranf. vol. ii. p. 32.

TAB. CXCIX.

CLAVARIA TUBEROSA.

I FOUND this alfo in Stone-Park, Suffex, growing
on flicks, burfting its way through the bark. The
root is tuberous, and held to the wood by threads a
little above the bafe, fomewhat knobby where the
plant afcends, which is a little tubular and pointed.

TAB. CC.

SPH^RIA HYPOTRICHOIDES.

HYPOXILON LOCULiFERUM. Bull. t. 195.7^. I. A.B.
HORSEHAIR usnea. Dill. Mufc. 67. /. ^^-Jig. n. A.B.

IJROUGHT me by Mr. Jonathan Peckover, who
found it growing on an old fack of faw-duft in his
wine-cellar at Wifbeach. Even this plant, fo finely
fibrous, has white farinaceous ends, analogous to pol-
len or fr unifying duft ; alfo capful es below.. Thus it
anfwers to the clafs Moncecia of Linnseus — a circum-
ftance which feems proper to the Spharias. My friend
William Skrimfliire Efq. jun. of Wilbeach firft ob-
ferved the farinaceous powder on this plant.

TAB. CCI.

AGARICUS INTEGER. Linn. Sp. PL iG^o.

1 Ills beautiful plant is extremely common moft of
the year. It inhabits cool lecciTes of woods at mid-
fummcr, fprcading more at large in the autumn to
midwinter even among froil and fnow. It is molHy
Iblid, but fpong)', and very brittle. The lamelL-c are
molt conllantl)' entire from the edges of the pilcus to
the ftipes, affording a certain fpecitic diil:in6tion. It is
ibmetimes fportivc in form, but varies moft in the tints,
and may be found of all the colours of the rainbow,
green fcarcely excepted. It is often much eaten by
Inails, and is highly acrid. Krapf has figured it in lo
plates, exhibiting nearly loo figures, which are erro-
neoufiy reckoned feveraj fpecies.

TAB. ecu.

AGARICUS DELiciosus. Linn. Sp. PL 1641. Scbcr^:
t. II, 8cc.

1 HE Rev. R. B. Francis favoured me with fine fpeci-
mens of this plant from the neighbourhood of Holt in
Norfolk. It is fomewhat fpongy ; the rich orange
juice refidcs in the extremities of the under-fide of the
plant, lining the inner edge of the ftipes. Sec. The
gills branch and anaftomofe, and in ripening or dry-
ing become covered with a fine pinky farina. The
jilant I tafted was very plcafant. Mr. Francis, how-
ever, found fome that were more or lefs acrid. I had
one drefled, which was very lufcious eating, full of
rich gravy, with a little of the flavour of mufcles. It
changes green when bruifed, as Dr. Smith * and Mr.
Stackhoufe remark. Is this the real A. Ccrfarius ?
I have even been told A. mujcarius of Ivinnxus is,
and that it is good eating. I have found it plcafant
tafted, anil fliall l)e glad of information on fo doubtfuJ
;i point.

* Sii- Tour on llic Coiitimni, vol. i. jSo.

T A B. CCIII.

AGARICUS zoNARius. With. 3 ed. v. 4. p. 193.
■ Fuscus. Setoff. 285.

JVluCH like K.deliciofus^ but conftantly of a browner
colour, and the lamellae in fets, not branching or ana-
ftomofing, fomewhat rounding from the ftem, varying
from almofl: white to fufcous. The milk is conftantly
very acrid.

TAB. CCIV.

AGARICUS LACTiFLUus. Unn. Sp. PI. 1641. IFitb.
V. 4, p. 257.

1 N the greateft perte6lion in fir plantations ; in other
places commonly varying to Bulliard's A. du/cis t. 224,
and A.,vinofi{s t. 54. The whole plant is of a reddifli
cinnamon colour, the pileus reddeil:. The lamellce
join the ftipes in nearly a ftraight line ; the milk is com-
monly mild, bvit leaves a roughifli acrid tafte in the
throat. Diilcis is a poor variety, and vinofus is found in
oak and other woods like a (Irayed plant. This Agaric
has fomething of an oily fmell, and fomewhat rancid
tafte. It is brittle, and eafily crumbles under the touch.

TAB. CCV.

AGARICUS ciNNAMOMEUs. nnn.Sp.PLi6^2. With.
V. 4, p. 257.

1 O be known from the laft in the younger ftate by
its cobweb-like annulus ; afterwards by the gills as it
were rounded off from the ftipes, which is yellower,
fomewhat ftriated ; and by its breaking into clefts at
the edge.

T A B. CCV[.

ACJARICUS spiNiPEs.

Received b>- favour of the Rcv. Mr. Hcmfted from
the neighbourhood of Newmarket, Camhridgcfliirc.
It appears an undefcribed fpecies, and is parafitical on
pine cones, ll^icks, 8cc. The Itipes is clothed at the
bafe with a rigid woolly fubftance like fpurs, above it
is downy. The gills partly rounding from the llipcs
or pileus nearly white. The pileus almoil regularly
convex, of a dufky brown.

TAB. CCVII.
AGARICUS scABER. F. Dan. t. 832.

VyCCASIONALLY very numerous in the fliady
parts of woods, and what I have found keep a conllant
uniformity. The ftipes in breaking feems encrulted
with a bark. The edge of the pileus in the younger
ftate is attached to the ftcm -w ith woolly threads.

T A B. CCVII I.

AGARICUS FARiNACEus. HudJ.did.

• LACCATUS. SchiCff. t. 12^. JVtth. V. ^. p. 22f).

V ARYING, fwelling in wet, twifting and dillorting
in dr\' weather. The lamcUx are ilraicht from the ed''c
t)f the pileus to the ftem, or decurrent, always copi-
oully covered with a farinaceous pinky powder, moll
confpicuous when the fungus is drying. It often re-
fembles the bleached varieties of A. amethyjiinus, which
has occalioned fomc confufion.

T A B. CCIX.

AGARICUS viOLACEus. Linn. Sp. PL 1641. fVith.v.^
p. 207.

i HIS varies to a purple all over. The flipes is very
cottony, extending to the edge of the pileus, and forms
an annulus which often catches the ferruginous feeds.
The tafte is fimilar to A. campejlris^ the common
mufliroom, but not fo good. This fpecies is fome-
times fold at Covent-garden market, under the name
of Blewits for making ketchup.

TAB. CCX.

AGARICUS TURFOSus.

1 W A S favoured with thcfe gathered by the Rev. Mr.
Francis of Holt, Norfolk, November 1798, who finds
them on heathy ground where turf ftacks have Hood.
They fomewhat refemble Merulius fcetidus of the
Rev. R. Relhan. See Eng. Fung. tab. 21. They how-
ever have little fcent, and the ftipes is fmooth, the
whole plant alfo lefs rigid. Perhaps it fliould be a
Merulius ? I hope to fettle that point at the end of the
w'ork.

T A B. CCXI.

BOLETUS spuMEus.

1 HIS, which I beHeve to be a new fpecies, oozes
from decaying elms in a very foft frothy mafs, harden-
ing in a day or two ; and, if it dries favourably, the pi-
leus becomes hifpid. 'llic pores are fmall, and nearly
round ; the tubes not long. I have found it in Ken-
fington-gardens, at Kennington in Surry, and other
places.

T A B. CCXII.
BOLETUS BETULiNUS. Bull. 312.

-T OUND for feveral years on an old birch near Hc-
vingham, Norfolk, by the Rev. Mr. Alderfon. The
fliort lateral ftipes feems to imbibe much of the red-
difli hue of the inner brown bark of the tree, and
even granular particles of its fubftance. 1 he outer coats
are of a lightilh brown ; cracking from the pure white,
clofe, cork-like fubftance of the plant in advanced age,
as if from a white-waflied wall. The pores var}-, and
are fliortifli and uneven at their mouths, of a yellowidi
hue, and pretty clofely attached to the fubftance of the
plant.

T A B. CCXIII.

AURICULARIA caryophyllea. Bull. 278.
IIELVELLA CARYOPHYLLEA. D'lckf. Crypt. fafc. i. 20.

j\ VERY common parafite on the expofed fantaftic
roots of old firs in autumn. The fpecimens are of a
woody or rather leathery fubftance, and grow in va-
rious forms, attaching themfelvcs by their backs to
any thing in the way ; their colour is moftly a ferru-
ginous brown, fometiraes with white edges.

TAB. CCXIV.
AURICULARIA pulverulenta.

r IRST found by the Rev. Mr. Watts on the whitened
fir-beams in the wall of an out-houfe at Alliill, Nor-
folk, in December 1798. Mr. D. Turner has fince
communicated fome from Yarmouth, found in a fimi-
lar fituation. The fubftance is like the Dryrot, or
Boletus lachrymans, Eng. Fung. tab. 113. It protrudes
umbilically in concentric circles, emitting a fnuff-co-
loured powder, nearly with the fame regularity. The
upper edges of the back, detaching themfelves from
the wall, and hanging over, forms the top.

T A B. CCXV.

CLAVARIA ARDENIA.

X HIS curious plant was gathered by Lady Arden,
in Nook Park, near Epfom, November 29, 1798, who
favoured me with fpecimens. It is certainly an en-
tirely new botanical acquifition. It grows parafitically
on rottmg hazel fticks, fpringing from the under fide
half an inch or more under the earth among decaying
foliage. The bafe is woolly, the ftipes tomentofe, and
at the bottom fiftulofe and cylindrical. The head di-
lates upwards, and in the younger plants is fomewhat
pointed and covered with a lightifii mealy powder.
In the more advanced ftate it becomes truncated, and
covered with a browner powder, fplitting longitudi-
nally in decay. Its whole duration fhould feem to be
about a week.

T A B. CCXVI.

SPHi'>RIA DEPRESSA. IVitb. v. 4. p. 394.
VARIOLARIA punctata. Bu//. tab. 432. yf^--. 2.

IN OT uncommon on bits of rotten (licks, and fome-
what rdembling Spbceria decorticata^ t. 137, in a young
rtatc ; but it differs in not fprcading fo much, being
thicker and more elevated, with more crowded or
double rows of fphoerulcC, and the inner fubrtance
is w^hiter. This fungus burfts the cuticle of the
branches, which foon curls back.

T A B. CCXVII.

SPH^RIA DECOxMPQXENS.

X HIS feems to have efcaped notice. It is found on
fticks deftitute of bark, ftaining a portion of many feet
nearly all over, and feemingly decompofing the outer
fubrtance into a charcoal, or at Icaft a charred appear-
ance, the fphocrulx lying underneath more in the
fubftance of the Hick.

TAB. CCXVIII.
SPH^RIA SATURN us.

-rV SINGULAR produdion. I have had it growing
on decaying peach and apricot grafts at 1 -ambcth thel'e
two years. The fphxTule is held to the orbit, or
l)lack ring, furrounding it, by fine whitilh cottony
threads. Ibis ring is found by a perpendicular fec-
tion to be the edge of a fort of falver including the
fplucrule, from which fometimes exudes a gummy
tendril through the cuticle or outer bark. The face
is feen diltinctly on the next coat, and the fubllance
is imbedded in the under brownilli bark.

TAB. CCXIX.

SPH^RIA NiVEA. Hoff. 6. 3. With. v. ^. p. 390.

1 O be found, moft part of the year, on flumps in
Kenfington-gardens. It fpreads widely. The white
woolly coat includes a black fphaerule.

TAB. CCXX.

SPH^RIA LICHENIFORMIS.

'BTAINED in January 1799, by favour of the
Rev. Mr. Alderfon, who gathered it at Hevingham,
Norfolk. The fphaerulae are imbedded in the ftone,
as thofe of tab. 217 in w^ood, feemingly throwing out
the ftain which gives the Lichen-like appearance,
w^hich makes it refemble L. niger in a young ftate. If
the ftone had not been broken, we might have waited
long in exped:ation of fruit. A fingular conformity
with the L. miniatus^ Eng. Bot. tab. 593, and the two
following, points out the affinity of many different
genera in thefe intricate vegetables.

T A B. CCXXI.
AGARICUS nvBRiDUS.

v_.OMMON on fome parts of Epping-foreft, in Sep-
tember and Odober : I have fcen it but feldom elfe-
Avherc. It partakes a little of the charaders of fome
other Agarics ; I have therefore called it hybridus.
The jmIcus fomewhat rcfembles h. ^liitinojus of Curtis,
and, like moll of the Fungi, is glutinous in wet wea-
ther.

T A B. CCXXII.

AGARICUS poLVGRAMMUs. Bull. t. 395.

1 HE ingenious author of the Herbier de la France,
who fo very aptly caught the different appearances of
the Agarics, did not let the beautiful fatiny ftriated ap-
pearance of this plant efcape his notice. I follow his
example in defcribing it as a fpecies, and adopt his
fpecilic name, though I fufpedl it may be a variety of
A. i-arius of Dr. Withering, clvpeatus of Linnaeus, &c.
of which I hope to enable the reader to form a general
idea, when I figure the ufual appearance of the plant.

Some individuals of the Aearic now before us have
a very long extent of root or flem under ground.

T A B. CCXXIII.

AGARICUS GLAUCOPUS. With. vol. 3. 206.

1 A M obliged from my own obfervation to fay, I think
this and A. violaceus Linn, fee tab. 219, are varieties of
A. araneojus., and A. nudus of Bulliard, and alfo \. fuh-
purptirofcens of Dr. Withering, w hich IJatfch fecms to
have figured, tab. 74, from an half-dried fpccimen, un-
der the name of A. obfoletus. 'i hefe and other obvious
varieties having been made fpecies, I am afraid of being
under the neccHity of adding more figures in order to
make all the varieties clearlv underrtood.

TAB. CCXXIV.

AGARICUS SUKLANATUS.

I GIVE this a fpecific name, but not without fome dif-
fidence, as it may poffibly be a new variety of the laft.
I found it in great plenty in Hampftead-wood, October
1792. The floccofe and conical pileus might appear
very obvious diltindlions, but weather and lituation
have a wonderful efFedt on this tribe of plants.

T A B. CCXXV.

BOLETUS COMMUNIS. Bull. t. 393.

ir* OUND in woods, frequently of this bright colour,
efpecially when in a young ftate- It is no lefs fre-
quently of a duller colour when more advanced, re-
fembling the pileus of V>.fcaber^ tab. 175. The yellow
or lemon-coloured pores, and their being ftrait from
the edge of the pileus to the ftipes ifcarcely decur-
rent), will readily diltinguifli the one from the other.
Does not Dr. Withering's B. fanguineus^ 319, belong-
to this fpecies ? It changes blue when cut.

T A B. CCXXVI.

BOLETUS ALBiDus. Sckcf. tab. 124.

xV VERY tender fpccies. When frcfli, it cannot be
touched, however gently, without Ihewing the bruife,
by immediate!)' turning bkie. The Rev. Ah-. Ilcm-
fted has fent it me fcveral times from the neigh-
bourhood of Newmarket, and I have found it on the
Croydon road, and at Ilainault forelT:. It feldom pro-
duces good fpecimens, and is frequently indilHnd, as
exhibited in Schacffer's figures. The pores are fmall,
and fometimes irregular.

T A B. CCXXVII.

BOLETUS SALiciNus. Bull. t. 433.7?^. i.
A LB us. Hudf. 626.

1 HIS mortly inliabits the upper part of old willow
flumps, while the Boletus fuaveoleus feems to grow
on the lower part. I cannot very readily dillinguifli
between them. The upper plants grow more fepa-
rate and regular, with fliort tubes and fmall pores.
The whole at firl!: beautifully white, afterwards be-
comes yellowilh, and lalUy of a browner hue.

T A B. CCXXVI 1 1.

BOLETUS suAVEOLEUs. Linn. EnJJin. dijf. t. 6. p. 32.

1 DO not know any other figure of this plant than the
above. Bulliard, tab. 310, furely reprefcnts .\. guercinus
of this work, tab. 18 1 , variety Boletifonniw Our ])]ant,
as obferved in the lafi: paragraph, grows generally at
the bottom of decajdng willows, commonly tiled with
much irregularity. '1 he tubes are generally fliort,
but both they and the pores are irregular, commonly
mixed with grafs and other herbage. When frelli it
is very white, and changes but little, as infects fooner

pofTefs it than the former, devouring the larger pro-
portion of the infide fo completely as to leave only
the pileus and pores to the viciffitudes of the weather.
The chara6ler of " fuperne Isevis" (Linn.) does not
quite agree with either of thefe plants. This is always
more or lefs downy, though the B. falicinus in the
latter ftate is often nearly fmooth. This and the two
preceding exhale a fragrant fcent till they become
quite dry.

T A B. CCXXIX.

BOLETUS VERSICOLOR. Linn.

VVh ETHER this plant found on the oak, or thofe
fo frequent on the willows, be what Linn?eus intended,
has created fome doubts. I think this is exa(5lly his
B. verjicolor., and it may very well include the thinner
varieties that grow on the willow. The pileus in the
former is of a tawny colour, in the latter grey or
blueifli. I have a Boletus altogether of a tawny hue,
which feems lefs acceptable to infedts, and which I be-
lieve is a variety. The two firft are conftantly eaten
by infects. They prefer the thickeft, not defpiling
any that has the leaft fubftance between the pileus and
pores. All thefe varieties are covered with different
degrees of pubefcence, either plufli-like or fatiny, in
concentric zones ; the variety of whofe colours adds
much to the effe6t of light and fliadow caufed by
their relief.

TAB. CCXXX.
BOLETUS PELLOPORUs. Bull. 501,7^-. 2.

This and the following plant feem very nearly re-
lated. The figures of Bulliard, with my fpecimens,
make me think them fpecies. In the more perfe(51:
Itate than figured by Bulliard they are without black
pores, which feem the effedt of decay.

TAB. CCXXXI.

BOLETUS CARPiNEUs.

FLABELLIFORMIS. Batjcb. fg. llQi.

On the Carpinus Betulus or Hornbeam Ihimps not
unfrequent. The pileus is of a hglit fawn-colour, n
httle rugged. The pores very fmall and grey even in
the younger fpecimens, ahvays leaving a whitifli mar-
gin on the under fide, which will readily diltinguifli it.

T A B. CCXXXII.

CLAVARIA GRACILIS. Bolton^ tab. '^■fg. i.

J_^ADY Arden favoured me with fpecimens of this
plant from Nork Park, in 1797. It has fcarcely any
perceptible ftipcs, and fwells a little upwards terminat-
ing more or lefs acutely. Nearly three parts of the
whole length feem to conilitute the head, being of a
different texture from the relt, and probably holding
the feed. This figure of Bolton is furely erroneoufly
quoted by Dr. Withering and other writers for Q, pha-
corh'iza.

T A B. CCXXXIIl.

CLAVARIA PHACORHIZA. Dickf. fafc. 1. z^.

V IRST found in a garden at Walthamftow. I have
gathered it fince in Kenlington-gardens. The j)lant is
a ilendcr fmiple undulating thread, terminating rather
bluntly at the aj)ex. The fubftance at the bai'c fome-
\vhat refembles a bean or feed fplitting to protrude a
young plant. Sometimes the liead is Ihaighter, and
rclembles a bodkin or netting-needle.

T A B. CCXXXIV.

CLAVARIA FUsiFORMis.

INI OT very rare on Hampfted-heath and in Hornfey-
wood in autumn. It does not vary much. The fub-
ftance friable when frefh, pithy, moft firm in the ex-
ternal part.

T A B. CCXXXV.
CLAVARIA RUGOSA.

PISTILLARIS. Ligbtf. 1056?

1 FIRST received fine fpecimens of this from Mr.
E. Forfter jun. in September 1792 ; and have fince met
with the fame with little variation. The fubftance
more tender than in the preceding, and mol^Iy hol-
low.

T A B. CCXXXVI.

SPH.tRIA PAPILl.OSA.

i HAVE found this plant covering whole trunks of
felletl trees that were decaying : my friend the Rev.
Mr. Kirby has alfo fent me fpecimens from Barham,
Suffolk. Some plants have a marked ring round the
mouth, with the appearance of an operculum. '1 his
circumllaace is very diltintft in a fpecies brought by
Mr. Menzies from Owyhee, which refembles ours in
every relpect, except being about twice the fize. I be-
lieve this plant has efcaped our Englilh authors, nor
have I feen it anywhere figured.

T A B. CCXXXVIi.
SPH^RIA coMPOsiTA.

1 FOUND this compound Spha^ria upon a ftick on
Kennington-common, Surry. The principal one is
for the mort part immerfed in the inner bark, the
upper part impreding the cortex, and the mouth pro-
truding through the epidermis, often fcarcely vifible,
although the tendril is occafionally very confpicuous.
The \oungcr ones are placed in the form of fatcllites
to a planet on the inner bark, and feem not to be ripe
enough for fruaifying. It fomewhat refembles Ma-
ma fpor a chryfofperma of Perfoon.

T A B. CCXXXVIII.

HELVELLA hybrid a.

Sent me by Mr. Roblbn, May 29th, 1797. It is,
1 believe, ([uite a new fpecies. The elaltic, tranfverfe,
wrinkled, llriated appearance, length of the itipes, and
general proportions diltinguilh it from H. efculenfa,
tab. :;i. It is much of the fame fubllance and tartc,
but perhaps more leathery.

TAB. CCXXXIX.

CYATHUS MiNUTUs. Hoffm. Feget. Crypt. 1790. 6.

/. 2. /. 2.
TRICHIA MI NUT A. Relh. Suppl. 3.
NIDULARIA MiNUTA. With.

A CURIOUS little fungus that often covers flicks^
and ftraws of graffes, &c. in great abundance in Horn-
fey-wood and other places. The uppermoft figures
refemble the Didenna vernicofum of Perfoon.

>»>£X>r:>r >;■>£ >r ?<?»<:>:; r>c>::>t>i >:; :j<; 5^;

T A B. CCXL,

TRICHIA SPHJEROCEPHALA.

CLATHRUS SPHJEROCEPHALUS. Relb.
MUCOR. Flora Scot.

JNJ OT unlike Didenna globoja of Perfoon, tab. 4. fg. 4.
but his has nofootftalk, and isafomewhatcompreffed
^lobe. Ours is very frequent on various fubftances,
fuch as mofs, flicks, &;c.

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COLOURED FIGURES

OF

ENGLISH FUNGI

OR

MUSHROOMS,

BV

JAMES SOWERBY, F. L. S.

DEdCNEK OP ENGLISH BOTANY, ETC.

. . . . " Was cv'ry falt'riiig tongue of man.

Almighty Father ! Clcnt in tliy praife.

Thy works themfelves would raife a general voice ;

Even in the depth of folitary woods,

By human foot untrod, proclaim thy power."

VOL. III. TAB. CCXJLI.— CCCC.

LONDON:

rRINTBD BY R. WILKS, CK AN'CBRY-L ANE ;

And lold by the Author, Jams s Sowerby, No. 2, Mead Place, near the AfyUim ;
Mr. White, Fleet-Street ; Symonds, Paternoller-Row ; and by all
Bookfcllers, Ice. in Town and Country.

MDCCCIU.

T A B. CCXLI.

AGARICUS osTREATL's. Curt. T.oml.fafc. 3. /. 71.
With. ed. 3. V. 4. 300.

JVloST common on decaying willows, varying much
in colour, and not a little in form, according to the part
of the tree or Ihimp on which it grows. It is either
ftemlefs, or with a lateral ftijies ; or perhaps a central
one. A variety generally of a light brown colour,
with ver\^ decurrent lamcllx, anaftomofing and fome-
what reticulated, found on elms, feems to be the
A. concbatua Bull. 298. In Ocftober lad I gathered an
Agaric with an annulus much refembling this fpecies,
upon the tnmk of an elm.

T A B. CCXLIT.

AGARICUS TREMULUS. Schcrf. t. 224.

Sent me by the Rev. Mr. Abbot of Bedford ; it was
paralltical on the Auricularia caryophyllea of this
Work, /. 213. I have not feen fpecimens fo far ad-
vanced as fome that Schx^fFcr figures.

T A B. CCXLIII.

AGARICUS coRTiCALis. Bull. t. 519../^. i.

ijxrtumps of trees in damp weather, and may be
mirtaken for A. horizontalis^ as it varies like that in
colour.

T A E. CCXLIV.

AGARICUS GiGANTEUS. Sibth. Oxon. 420.

F this be Dr. Sibthorp's plant, it will appear he was
the firfi: to notice it as a Britifh fpecies, to which it
certainly has a claim. The general magnitude of the
head on a lliort thick ftipes, and the profufion in
which it occurs, Vvdll readily diftinguifli it. I once
found it in Richmond Park, where there were fome
fpecimens more than nine inches in diameter. The
upper part of the ftipes is fomewhat tomentofe.

TAB. CCXLV.

AGARICUS l.isTERi. M^itb. ed. 3. v. 4. 158.

1 BELIEVE this no other than a plant of Agaricus
Lijleri^ and think myfelf wrong in making tab. 104
Lifter's plant, which is furely another fpecies. A. lac-
tifluus acris. Bull. 200; A. acris 538, except H and G ;
A. plmnbeu5,tab. 282; and A. plombe, tab. 559, ^ff. 2,
are moft likely the true Lifteri. I have found it in
great quantities without branched gills, from a parch-
ment white, to almoft black *, refembling A. ekphan-
timis^ from which it is readily diftinguiflied by the
clofenefs of its lamellae: my tab. 104 f has conftantly
branched and inofculating lamellse ; and I never found
it blacken in decay.

* In this ftate it is the A. plmnbeus Bull, as above; A., plumhan oi Dr.
Withering is undoubtedly a variety of A. mufcarius Linn.

\ A. pipcratus of moft Englifh authors niuft have another name, fuppofing
Dr. Withering right in his idea of K.piperatus.

T A B. CCXLVI.
AGARICUS cARNosus. Curt. Lond. fafc. 5. t. 71.

OT very rare, but fometimes fo varying from the
common charadler as not readily to be difl:inguillied,
though certainly a di^ftinit fpecies, and by no means
related to A. clypeolarius, as Dr. Withering feems to
intimate. I have found it in Lord Mansfield's woods,
Harapiiead, in woods in Norfolk, on Mouiliold heath
near Norwich, and other places.

T A B. CCXLVII.

AGARICUS PRATENSis. Hiidf. 616.
OREADES. JVitb. ed. 3. v. 4. 221.

Champignons are well known to be ufed in
fauces and made difhes in many parts of England, as
well as on the Continent. Bulliard dillinguiflies two
forts, which appear to me to be varieties, depending
on foil or other circumltances. They grow in mea-
dows, heaths, road-fides, banks, &c. in moft feafons,
after rain plentifully ; always tending to form circles
or fairy-rings as they are called. 1 he dilferent fpe-
cimens vary a little in colour from a light to a deep
buff. The pileus is fomewhat convex ; the lamellx»
not numerons ; the Ifipes feldom quite fmooth ; the
whole plant inclining to a leathery texture. This
fpecies is fometimes called the Scotch bonnet. See
Rail Syn. p. 6. ;?. 27. It frequently has an agreeable
odour like almond kernels.

TAB, CCXLVIII.

AGARICUS SEMIGLOBATUS. JVitb. 3. ed.v. 4. 270.
GLUTiNosus. Curt. Lond. fafc. 3. t. 69.

Common almoft every-where. It is moll: g;cne-
rally of a hemifphaerical form, yet, like other fungi,
occafionally varies, and perhaps may furnifli a new

argument, that thofe gathered in wet places or bad
weather are unwholefome. The varieties i, 2 and 3,
with the pileus acuminated, are moft certainly of this
defcription, and nearly proved fatal to a poor family
in Piccadilly, London, who were fo indifcreet as to
ftew a quantity (found in St. James's Green Park) for
breakfaft. See Mr. Everand Brande's account in Dr.
Bradley's Medical and Phy Ileal Journal of this month,
p. 41. Mr. Curtis did not conceive it had any bad qua-
lities, and called it A. glutinofus^ becaufe it is fre-
quently covered with a glutinous matter.

TAB. CCXLIX.
AGARICUS PiLiPEs.

This Agaric grew on a whitifli variety of A. pluni-
beus or A. Li/ieri mentioned tab. 245. It came to me
in a phial of Hungary water, and feemed all of one
colour, which it ftill retains.

TAB. CCL.

BOLETUS RUBEOLARius. Bull. 100 and 490. Jig. i.

With. ed. 3. V. 4. 315.
LURiDUS. Scha-ff. 117.

IN OT very rare. I have found it at Hornfey-wood,
and at Hainault foreft, Effex. My friend, the Rev. Mr.
Charles Abbot, fent me a fpecimen from Bedfordfliire.
The fine carmine, cinnabar, or vermillion-coloured
powder or feed, is often fo copioufly flied as to (lain
every thing that touches it, and is fo thick under the
pores as almoft to obfcure them.

T A B. ecu.

PE Z I Z A MURALIS.

1 HE larger ones herein figured were fent by favour
of the Rev. Mr. Alderfon, from fome clay walls in his
garden at Hevingham, Norfolk. The fmaller grew
on fome pipe-clay intended for modelling at my own
home, Mead Place. They differ much in fize, but
agree fo well in fliape and fubftance that I confider
them as the fame fpecies.

TAB. CCLIL

HYDNUM coRALLoiDES. Schaff. 142. With. ed. 3.
■^•4- 334-

RAMOSUM. Bull. t. 390.

1 HIS curious produdtion was fent me in September
lalf by the Rev. Mr. Forby, who found it on a wood-
ftack on his premifes at Wereham, Norfolk : the
figure reprefents it in profile. The fpecimen is more
than eight inches wide, very white, and tough, in
comparifon to Hydnum repandum.

It appears by a manufcript note that the late Rev.
Mr. Lightfoot met with a fpecimen of this Hydnum in
a hollow tree near Uxbridge in 1782.

T A B. CCLIII.
CLAVARIA VERMicuLATA. Ligbtf. 1057.

PISTILLARIS. Hudf. 638.

1 HESE fportive plants are apt to create difficulties;
and there feems fome neceffity of attending to the
fubftance. This, when frefli, is very brittle. C. hercu-
leana, which I have lately received from Windfor-
forefl:, is very pithy, and mofl certainly a diftincSl plant,
which I hope to make very clear when I figure it.

TAB. CCLIV.

SPH-^RIA SANGUINEA. With. ed. 3. v. 4. 390.

-t> Y the brightnefs of the colour this fmall plant may-
be known, with a little experience, at firft light. On
a nearer infpecStion, the generally contracted apex
will diftinguilli it. I have found it growing on oak,
elder and other flumps, and fometimes prettily re-
lieved by a ground of the Spharia decortkans.

TAB. CCLV.

SPH^RIA MORI. With. ed. 3. v. 4. 391.

vjROWS generally in clufters, the fpecimens com-
monly fo prelTed together at their bafe as to make
that part the fmalleft ; and the apex is more or lefs
indented, very vilibly fo in dried plants.

TAB. CCLVI.

SPH^RIA FRAGiFORMis. ^M. ed. ^. V. 4. ^gi.

Found in great abundance on flicks, flumps, Sec.
in every damp hedge, field, or other place out of doors,
in numerous chillers. Each individual is granulated,
fomething like a flrawberry ; whence the name.

T A B. CCLVII.

LYCOPERDON fuliginosum.

On the fides of floating deals in the Thames, at
Batterfea, we may frequently find this footy produc-
tion. It appears to confill of branching threads affixed
to the deal, and holding a denfe mafs of footy powder.
Over the whole is a thin deciduous pellicle.

T A B. CCLVIII.

SPHyEROCARPUS sessilis. £?///. 417. />. 5.

I HAVE met with this in Kenfington-gardens ; it
differs from 'Tric/jla turbinata in having a dark and
more fragile outfide.

TAB. CCLIX.

TRICHIA ALBA. With. ed. 3. v. 4. 398.

JtVOTTEN flicks and ftumps in very wet fituations
commonly afford this plant, growing in different di-
redions. In the latter ftate, when the white fkinny
powdery deciduous covering (which may poflibly be
the polleniferous part) is dilTolved, the inner en-
tangled fibres, containing the feeds, are difclofed,
forming a dark-brown head, occafionally having fome
of the fkinny coat left at the bottom, which makes it
accord with Clathrus recutitus Linn. Is it not in this
latter flate C. ater of Hudfon, and Mucor cancellatus
ofBatfch?

TAB. CCLX.
TRICHIA NUTANS. Bull. t. 502./^. 3. With. ed. 3.

HJ. 4. 398.

The diflinaion of this fpecies refls folely perhaps
on colour. I have found Trichia denudata approach-
ing the buff colour by degrees, even to half an indi-
vidual plant, at the fame time more than ufually
lengthened and reclining. The plant here figured
grew under a balcony in great perfeilion, and fo full
of fine powder, or feed, as almofl to conceal the form
of each individual, efpecially in the advanced fpe-
cimens.

T A B. CCLXI.

AGARICUS coNGREGATus. With. ed. 3. 280.

A VERY common Agaric about flumps and gate-
pofts, nearly allied to A. Jimetarius, tab. 188 of this
work, and differing chiefly in the longitudinal flrice on
the pileus, as well as in being generally of a fox colour.
When darker it has been named A. jnkaceus^ as being
of a flate colour. Dr. Withering quotes Schaeffer's
tab. 17, A. fufcefcens^ which is certainly no other than
A. fimetarius above mentioned.

T A B. CCLXII.

AGARICUS sTERcoRARius. BulUard. 542 and 68.
With. ed. 3. 274. Scopoli., No. 1483.

1 HIS is alfo very common on dunghills, Sic. and
afTumes'fo great a variety of forms as to appear more
than one fpecies. It is more or lefs cottony in the
young flate, fo that Bull. {tab. 138) calls it A tomentofus.
Dr. Withering has accidentallj^ quoted this tab. of Bull,
for A. congregatus. The flipes is extremely brittle, and
the whole plant tender and very fliort-lived, feldom
continuing more than twelve hours. Is it not the
A. moment aneus of With. 294?

T A B. CCLXIII.

AGARICUS VELUTIPES. Curt. F.L.fafc. 4. t. 70.
NiGRiPES. Bull. 509 and 344.

X H E velvety flipes of this fungus affords an excel-
lent fpecific diflindlion, however variable the plant.
The prefent figure is a variety that grew in a wood-
fhed at Mr. Nottidge's, Ruffel-flreet, Bermondfey,
which Lady Wilfon was fo good as to inform me of.
The palenefs of the pileus, and extraordinary length of

the ftipes, were plainly the efFedts of the fituation ; but
a more curious circumftance is, that the confined place
of growth feemed to prevent the pollen or white dull
from fpreading, fo that it lay on the upper half of the
ftipes like white-wafh; which gave the plant quite a
new afpecft. I went to Kenfington Gardens the fame
day, and found fpecimens of aim oft all the various
appearances growing about one old ftump. Thofe
fituated underneath the others raoft nearly refembled
thefe. I have more than once found the ftipes
branching.

TAB. CCLXIV.

AGARICUS ^RUGiNosus. Curt. F.L.fafc. 5. t. 70.
With. ed. 3. 259.

CJfTEN very beautifully varied in its colours, but
eafily to be diftinguiflied by the general habit, except
a fafciculated variety from which the upper fpecimen
in the plate was taken, and which is moftly deftitute of
an annulus.

TAB. CCLXV.

BOLETUS LUTEUs. Linn. Schaff. 114.

■ ANNULARIUS. BulL 332.

JL HIS is fo variable a plant under different circum-
ftances, that its varieties might very eafily be fuppofed
to conftitute different fpecies. Certainly that here re-
prefented is the fame with ^.JJavus of With. 320. It
is fometimes quite yellow all over, at others fo full
of fine brown powder and fo covered with gluten, as to
give it another appearance. The pores are fometimes
decurrent. The annulus is conftantly prefent, and is
often very large. I know no other Englifh fpecies
with an annulus.

TAB. CCLXVI.

BOLETUS SQUAMOSus. JVith. ed. o,. -t^i^.

Perhaps one of the moft mutable of this tribe of
plants, whence it is called B. polymorphus by Bulliard,
/. 114. The moll curious is the branched variety,
figured in Phil. Tranf. abr. />/. 20./ 109. at p. 705. and
in Bolton, by the name of B. rangiferinus^ tab. 138.
Thefe both grew in cellars: mine was taken from
the bark of a tree at Willoughby, Lincolnfhire, by
Mr. Thomas Ordoyno. I have feen a fan-fliaped
variety growing in the Apothecaries Garden at Chel-
fea, full three feet wide.

TAB. CCLXVII.

HYDNUM AURiscALPiUM. Linn.Sp.Pl.xd^.
Hudf. 629.

-T OUND moft frequently on the rotting cones of
Pinus fyhejiris^ or Scotch Fir ; fometimes on the Pine
leaves. It can by no means be a variety of H. imbri-
catum Linn, as Dr. Withering, after Linnaeus, hints.
Not to mention the place of growth, fize, and differ-
ence of ftru6lure, the fubftance is very different.

TAB. CCLXVIIL

LYCOPERDON aurantiacum. BuII.i']q.
With. ed. 3. 379.

SOMETIMES found in clutters, often fmgly; and
in a young ftate it looks fomewhat like L. cervinum.
N. B. The little circle No. i. in the plate contains the
powder or feeds mixed with gum arable.

T A B. CCLXIX.
LYCOPERDON cervinum. Hudf. 641.

1 HIS muft not be confounded with the L. cervinum
of Bolton, which is only a young fpecimen of the fpe-
cies in the laft plate. This may be readily diftinguillied
by the granular covering and brittle texture. The
former is of a tough and fomewhat leathery fubftance,
with a fcaly outlide, and grows moftly above ground.
This fcarce fliows its upper part above ground. They
both break irregularly, and have very few fibres
among the feed.

TAB. CCLXX.

LYCOPERDON graniformis.

Jb IRST fhown me in Lord Mansfield's wood, Hamp-
ftead, by Mr. Hunter, who fliowed me the laft. It
grows loofe, lying like fmall fhot above ground with-
out any apparent root. From its firft or fmalleft fize
it alters but little in colour. The riper ones are very
brittle, and crack irregularly. They enclofe a black
powder.

TAB. CCLXXI.

LYCOPERDON variolosum. Fl. Ang.
SPH^RIA LYcoPERDOiDES. With. ed. 3. 392.

JbREQUENT on ftumps and flicks in damp woods,
though not readily obferved in the young or fmall
Hate ; but when nearly matured, it may moft readily
be diftinguifhed by the cruftaceous covering of a brick-
red on the outfide, and whiter within. This covering
is fomewhat brittle, when ripe cracking irregularly,
and encloling a blackifh feed.

T A B. CCLXXII.

RETICULARIA Lycoperdon. Bull. 446. Jig. 4.

With. ed. 3. 386.
LYCOPERDON fuscum. Hudf. 645.

P OUND occafionally on trees and paling after rain,
chiefly in autumn. At firft it has a mucilaginous ap-
pearance, fomewhat frothy and whitifli ; afterwards
the outward flcin refembles parchment with a filvery
glofs, but is very tender. At length, the leaft breath
of air will lacerate it, and a fine brown powder is ex-
pofed to view, mixed with a few fibres. I doubt
whether this be properly a Reticularia. If it be, fo are
L. epidendrum^ and its variety L. pijiforme of Jacquin.
The plants of this genus are mucilaginous in the
beginning; they vary extremely withinfide, as may
be feen in our R. multicapfula^. tab. 179, and R. alba^
tab. 280.

The reprefentation of the duft in the lowermofl
figure is coloured with the powder of the plant itfelf.

TAB. CCLXXIII.

SPH^RIA ACINIFORMIS.

1 FOUND this curious compound Sphaeria firfl on
ftones near the Lizard Point, in Cornwall, afterwards
in the Valley of Stones near Linmouth, in the fame
county, in June 1799. The little fphaerulae of the coat
feem perfedl, as well as the inner one compounded of
them.

TAB. CCLXXIV.

SPHiERIA SPICULIFERA.

A HIS extraordinary production was found invefting
the ftalks and blades of a large green tuft of grafs in
Batterfea meadows, early laft autumn. When frefh
gathered, the little fpiculae are continually protruding
themfelves with a fort of fpontaneous motion, looking
in the funfliine like fo many fparks of fire. Future
inquiries muft determine whether it be a proper
Sphoeria or not.

TAB. CCLXXV.

SPH.ERIA NiTiDA. Dickf. With. ed. 3. 393.

1 HE fmooth fubftance in which the little fphaerute
are imbedded will moil readily diftinguifli this fpecies.
It is feldom cracked or rugged, but in confequence of
very dry weather.

TAB. CCLXXVI.

CLAVARIA POLYMORPHA.

WFTEN to be feen on decaying elm leaves in Ken-
fington Gardens. The bafe is fome what brown, and
harder than the reft of the plant, which is of a waxy-
texture, differing much in fliape, and generally
hollow.

T A B. CCLXXVII.

CLAVARIA HERCULANEA. Bull. 244. With. ed. '7,. 2>'oi.

Brought me from Windfor Foreft, by Mr. Jenkins
of Eton. It is certainly a very diftindl fpecies from
thofe joined with it by authors as varieties. The fub-
ftance within is beautifully foft and cottony; the
outfide, of a dull orange colour.

TAB. CCLXXVIII.

CLAVARIA coRALLoiDEs. Hudf. 640. Witb. ed. 3. 367 .

i\ VERY common fungus. It is equally variable in
form and colour, but moftly white. The fubftance is
brittle, denfe, nearly folid. The tafte is agreeable, re-
fembling that of the common Mufliroom, Agarkus
campejlris. Found in great plenty in the fhrubbery at
Wanftead Houfe, EfTex, by Mr. B. M. Forfter.

T A B. CCLXXIX.

SPH^ROCARPUS FRAGiLis.

JH-AVING adopted Bulliard's Sphcerocarpus feffilis va.
tab. 258, I beg leave to retain the genus for the pre-
fent. This differs in being fhaped hke a pear, or fome-
what ftalked, and is alfo more fragile. It refembles
Spharocarpus ficoides of Bull. tab. \\'].Jig. 3. but that
figure is all black, both capfule and feeds, if I may fo
call them.

TAB. CCLXXX.

RETICULARIA alba. BulLi^6.

(^ERTAINLY allied when young to tab. 272, Sec.
but differing materially in the latter flate, having
many very irregularly formed capfules, more or lefs
flalked. T\i\'i>\'~> Spumaria Mucilago oiV&xiQox\\ " Ten-
tamen Difpofitionis methodicae Fungorum," tab. i.
Jig. a. b. c. The different individuals are of various
fizes, and grow on different plants, either frefh or
decaying.

TAB. CCLXXXI.

AGARICUS GRAVEOLENs. With. ed. 3. v. 4. 181.

GRAMMOPODIUS. BulL 548.

W E prefume this is the plant meant by Withering,
and that it is not different from A. grammopodius of
Balhard as quoted by him, though he refers by mif-
take to /. 585 of that author, inftead of /. 548. The
figures vary extremely. This plant is to be feen in
many places. The prefent fpecimens were fent from
near Newmarket, by favour of the Rev. Mr. Hemfted.

TAB. CCLXXXII.

AGARICUS AcicuLA. Schaff. 222.

■r-r-i

X HIS pretty little agaric moft frequently occurs on
rotten flumps that are clothed with Hypnums^ &c. It is
fomewhat local, but not rare. It feems hitherto to
have efcaped the notice of Englifh authors, unlefs it
be Agaricus Hypni With. ed. 3. We find the gills fome-
times fixed to the flipes, as he defcribes them.

TAB. CCLXXXIII.

AGARICUS MONSTROsus.

J. HE fingularity of this fungus made me give it a
figure, though I am not fure it is a fpecies. I found
it in vafl abundance on the left-hand fide of the road
leading to Coflefy, about a mile and a half from Nor-
wich, ten years ago.

TAB. CCLXXXIV.

AGARICUS FLOccosus. Curt.Fl. Lond. With. v. 4. 266.
Scbcrff. 61.

SQUAMOSUS. Bull. 266.

1 T is plain Dr. Withering, as he himfelf fays, never
faw this plant in any perfection ; for though Schseffer's
figures are very good, yet Curtis's fliows the molt gene-
ral appearance of the plant. Withering feems to have
had a rough fpecimen of A. Stipitis before him, with
a bad one of A. Jloccofus. The gills of this agaric are
rounded from the flem, more or lefs brown ; thofe of
A. Stipitis lE. Fungi tab. loi) generally adhere to the
Item, or are fixed, (as Dr. Withering terms it) and are
fometimes a little decurrent. The bafe of the ftem is
occafionally a little bulbous, hard, and blackifli.

TAB. CCLXXXV.

AGARICUS FAscicuLARis. With. vol. 4. 268.

J. HIS plant^ when in perfection, may be readily
known by its green gills, in which confifts its moft dif-
tinguifliing character. It is very common on flumps
of trees, bottoms of gate-pofls, &c. ; and occafionally
varies fo much as to lofe even the above character, as
well as the pretty fox-coloured tint of the pileus ;
efpecially in rainy weather, w^hen the whole plant
afTumes a dullifh brown. If not too much foaked,
it may however regain its original tints, particularly
that of the pileus. It is pleafant to fee the colour re-
turn again, either from the middle or the edge of the
pileus. I have known an experienced botaniil to bring
this plant home in a inoifl Itate, and fcarcely know it
again when dry. It is feldom deflitute of its finely
filamentous annulus, or curtain.

TAB. CCLXXXVI.

AGARICUS MUSCARius. With. v. 4. 184.

JriERE is an example of running into error by being
too nice ; Linnaeus feems to have defcribed this plant
but once, and we with great pleafure go back to our
original mallier. The varieties that occur have been
by different authors defcribed as fo many fpecies. I muft
notice fome of its varieties here, with a few of their
fynonyms ; but will endeavour to enumerate them
more fully hereafter. The whole plant is fometimes
yellow, wlience Schaeifer's A. citrinus, exhibited in my
fmalleft figure. Small varieties of the red one with
the remains of the annulus beautifully fpotting the
pileus, are called Agarkus imperialis by Batfch, and
without the fpots A. Puella. When of a lead colour
it has been called A. plumbens by Schoeffer, and others.
On account of its being fpotted it has been called
A. maciilatus ; when the fpots are fmall A. pujiulatus,
fee Schasffer tab. 90 and 91. When the fpots refemble
warts it has been called A. verrucofus by Curtis, 8cc.
when tawny A.fulvus by Schaeffer. A. biilbofus Schasf-
fer, &c. is another variety. This plant confifts of
more parts than any other Agaric we know of,
having a volva, annulus, and ftipes*. We have occafion-
ally met with an Agaric in all refpeds like thefe, but
wanting the annulus, which however feems fcarcely
to conftitute it a fpecies. Linn^us fays this is a molt
poifonous Agaric, and that a deco(ftion of it in milk
will deftroy mufaz or flies ; whence its name. He alfo
recommends it as delfrudive to the Cimex leSiidarius
or bed bug, by being applied to furniture twice or
thrice in a feafon.

TAB. CCLXXXVII.

AGARICUS RACEMOsus.

i- HIS fmgular Agaric we have once met with in
Peckham wood, in Odtober 17CJ4. It was unluckily
gathered too precipitately,and therefore we are ignorant
what fort of a root it had, or whether it was parafitical
like that figured by Mr. Perfoon, in his Tentamen Dif-
pofitionis Methodicas Fungorum, tab. 3, fig. 8, which
is parafitical on a fimilar fublfance with our Peziza
tuberofa, fee tab. 63. Perfoon calls the latter Sclerothim
lacunojum^ tab. '^,Jjg. 7.

* It mnft be remembered that the volva of Linnseus is now called the
annulus, and lu-lum, or veil, by Withering, when thin or tranfparent.

TAB. CCLXXXVIII.

BOLETUS suBEROSus ? Linn.

1 CAN find no plant that fo well accords with Ln-
naeus's defcription as this. The figures quoted for
his plant by our Englifli authors, I am confident, belong
to other fpecies. It has certainly a more cork-like
texture than any other with which I am acquainted.
I do not exactly comprehend what Linnseus meant by
poris acutis (pores acute). I fufpedt it to be white when
perfectly frefli.

T A B. CCLXXXIX.

BOLETUS HYBRIDUS.

X HIS Boletus has many charailers in common with
the B. lachrymans and B. MeduUa-panis. It is generally
found growing horizontally under rotten floors at-
tached by its back, fpreading in large patches, forming
more or left broad ramifications, often inofculating,
of a cottony fubftancc like the above mentioned, which
are commonly known by the name of Dry-rot. The
pores (which are feldom feen) are long, tubular, and
cylindrical, by which it is diftinguiflied from the other
two.

TAB. CCXC.

AURICULARIA corrugata-

■ TREMELLOIDES. Bull. 29O.

PEZIZA TREMELLOIDES. With. 344.

TREMELLA corrugata. Relb.^c^Z.

Very common on decayed gate-pofls, old hewn
trunks, Sec. attached by the back in large maffes, form-
ing a pileus in a fimilar manner to A. refiexa. The
under furface is light-brown, becoming darker, fome-
times purplifli, and more corrugated when it gets
older. The fubftance is at firft gelatinous, inclining
to cartilaginous, but dries hard and horny. The
under fide refembles in fome refpedls Feziza auricn-
laria of Withering.

TAB. ccxcr.

AURICULARIA aurantiaca.

1 HAVE never found this with an upper furface or
pileus, but in great abundance as here reprefented. The
back is attached to the wood on which it grows. Its
whole fubftance is of an orange colour. '1 he extre-
mities are very finely fibrous and fattiny. The texture
of the plant is fomewhat woody, and if well dried it
becomes horny, retaining its original colour.

T A B. CCXCII.

LYCOPERDON e qui N u m. With. v. 4. p. 378.

INl OT an uncommon plant, though it has been con-
founded with Lichen byjjbides. It is well defcribed by
Mr. Griffith in Withering. It is readily diftinguifhed
by wanting the ground of a Lichen. The figures are
drawn from fine fpecimens on a decayed horfe's hoof
found near London, and a little bit of ram's horn from
near Maiden-callle, Dorfetfiiire.

T A B. CCXCIIL

CLAVARIA EPiPHYLLA. Dickf.fafc. 3, tab.<),Jig. 10.

With. 360.
PHALLoiDES. BulUard o^^^)'

OOME of thefe plants w^ere fent me by the Rev. Mr.
Hailftone, gathered on Rumblesmoor, a few miles from
Bradford in Yorkfhire, in fome peat-holes ; and alfo
by Mr. T. F. Forfter, colledted in a deep running
ftream at Tunbridge-wells. The fpecimen which fo
much refembles an Agaric w^as found fome years ago.

TAB. CCXCIV.

CLAVARIA cocciNEA.

Extremely common on rotten flicks, &c. in
autumn, or damp weather. It is feldom without a foot-
ftalk, though apparently feffile ; as may be eafily per-
ceived by a perpendicular fection. This we think will
prove it is not a Tremella ; and we prefume our great
mafter Linnxus muft have examined fome young
Tremella { perhaps mejenterica)^ which he called T. pur-
purea^ which in a poor ftate often refembles this plant
on old pales, and feems to have been hitherto con-
founded with it. We prefume the 'Tremella purpurea
of Hudfon and Spbaria trejnelloides of Withering to be
that here exhibited.

TAB. CCXCV.

SPHJl^RIA COMMUNIS.

1 HIS moft common plant on old walls, at leafl near
London, is readily obferved among the mortar from
its blackifh appearance. It often affumes the look of
a Peziza, being fomewhat cup-formed in its latter
ftate.

TAB. CCXCVL

SPH^RIA SUBCORTICALIS.

X HIS is fituated above the /i^er or inner bark, and
adheres to the cortex or outer bark, piercing it with
its neck, the mouth fpreading into the cuticle or
epidermis. It is not uncommon on rotten flicks. In
drying, the fpecimens become depreffed or even con-
cave at the bottom.

TAB. CCXCVII.

SPH^RIA FLORIFORMIS.

I FOUND this curious Spharia on a hornbeam on
Hainault foreft. It is moft readily diftinguiflied by the
plaited and flower-like appearance at the mouth.

TAB. CCXCVIII.

RHIZOMORPHA dichotoma.

Jl HIS fort of vegetation feems to avoid the light,
growing immured between the wood and bark of ti ees,
in cellars, &c. ; the prefent fpecimen was difcovered
many fathoms under ground, in the level of a copper-
mine, by Mr. Crofthwaite. The fpecimens fent me
from Durham by his friend the Rev. Mr. Harriman
were fome of them above 6 feet long, and indicating
an almoft endlefs length, as they were very little
diminifhed in the diameter from the thickell to the
thinneft end 1 find nothing like root. It feems to
adhere by a tenacious quality.

TAB. CCXCIX.

RHIZOMORPHA spinosa.

Jr OUND by the Rev. Mr. Harriman. The branches
being chiefly at right angles and fomewhat fpinofe,
feem to give it a fpecific diftin6lion, as well as the
taflel-like fru(5tification, if I may fo call it.

T A B. CCC.

MUCOR uRCEOLATus. Dtckf. fafc. 3, tab. 6. With. v. 4,
p. 401. ed. 3.

J. HIS curious producStion may be found in abundance
on horfe-dung in damp or dewy mornings or evenings,
almoft all the year. At firft it is cylindrical with a fmall
yellow head. In a few hours th.c Jiipes inflates towards
the top, and becomes pitcher-fliaped, and at the fame
time the head gradually changes brown, by degrees it
becoming totally black. The plant being arrived at
perfection, by its inflation or expanlion it burfts, and
projects the head to the diftance of 3 or more inches,
probably to difperfe the feeds.

T A B. CCCI.

AGARICUS APPLicATUS. Batjcb. tab. i^-Jig. 125.
With. V, 4. 305.

JVloST common under chips of rotten wood, or on
the loofened bark of decaying Itumps. It is generally-
attached by the pileus, and lamellas, though fometimes
protruded by a ftalk which curioully elongates the
top of the pileus, and makes the whole fungus alTume
the fliape of a bell. The pileus is fomewhat hairy,
and commonly of a greenifli gray colour ; the lamellae
are of a lighter hue.

T A B. CCCII.

AGARICUS SETOSUS.

About the year 1793, I found this Agaric in great
abundance in SirVV. Jerningham's plantations atCoifefy
near Norwich, growing on the fallen leaves of young
'^Q.Qch.,Fagi{s fylvatica; but I have never feen it lince.
The hairy fti'pes is its molt remarkable charadle.r.

T A B. CCCIII.

AGARICUS ACETABULOSUS.

P OUND near Mill-bank, Wellminlfer, a little above
highwater mark, in May 1795. This is very like
a poor fpecimen of Agaricus congregatus, £, Fungi-,
tab. 261. but the pileus is more plaited. The lamellae
are remarkably glandular on their lides ; and 'inftead
of a bare bafe or foot it Hands in a little focket-like
volva.

T A B. CCCIV.

AGARICUS GEORGii. Linn. With. v. ^. 126.

JL HIS plant diifers very little from the common
Mulhroom, of which it is perhaps only a variety, and
often not to be dii^inguiflied from it; however, adepts
and epicures will never fubrtitute the one for the other.
This always partakes of the fame form as the Mufli-

foom, but is generally of a firmer texture, whiter and
fmoother, fometimes ftained with blotches of yellow,
more particularly if touched or bruiled. The young
lamellae are feldom of fo bright a red as thofe of the
true Muflirooms. It often grows very large ; and I
have no doubt but the plant mentioned by Mr. Stack-
houfe to Dr. Withering of the enormous lize of i8
inches over the pileus, the Item as thick as a man's
wrift, and every part in proportion, was no other than
A. Georgii^ as I have feen many equally large at Staple-
ford Abbot, in Effex, where the people call them
White-caps, laughing at thofe cockneys who take them
for Muflirooms. I have feen perfons from London
gathering hampersfull of them for the markets, where
they are fold as Muflirooms. Their dry and tough
quality renders them unfit for the table in any fliape,
though we do not know that they polTcfs any poifonous
quahty. Parkinfon 137. 4. fays " they are called St.
George's muflirooms, becaufe they grow up about that
time." (St. George's day.)

TAB. CCCV.

AGARICUS cAMPESTRis. Linn.

W E have feen this, the common or true Mufliroom,
in the grcateft abundance on the iQand of Sheppey,
near Minfter, and of a very large fize, but not equal to
the preceding. It is feldom fo white as the other,
being moil commonly of a brownifli hue. The pileus
is a little floccofe, and the plant altogether more tender,
and more readily lacerating into fibres. In the young
plants the ftipes is moftly folid, but in the old ones
pithy and fomewhat hollow. We have found feveral
varieties of this Agaric in Keniington gardens (par-
ticularly, one group) of a very dark colour, which on
the leaft bruife emitted a very red juice, and had a pe-
culiarly rich flavour. This has not the yellow tinge
on the pileus which A. Georgii has.

TAB. CCCVI.

PEZIZA iNFLEXA. With. V. 4. 349.

1 HE Rev. Mr. Kirby of Barham near Ipfwich, F. L. S.
favoured me with fpecimens of this remarkably pretty
Uttle plant, which fometimes grows larger, according
to Bolton's figure. It is of a brittle texture when frefli,
and dries waxy. The ciliated appearance at the edge
is a continuance of the fame fubllance with the reft of
the Fungus, and we always find the ciliae inflected.

TAB. CCCVII.

PEZIZA NIGRA.

J. HIS was found paralitical upon C/avaria cor a I hides
at Hampftead, October 7th 1792. It is generally fphoeri-
cal and echinated. We have called it Peziza^ but do
not know that it is ftri£tly fo. We hope to fettle this
with fome other alterations in the clofe of the work.

T A B. CCCVIII.

CLAVARIA FARiNOSA. M/Z'. <!;. 4. 366.

JNI OT uncommon in crevices of old walls, or at the
bottoms of trees, growing on decayed fpiders' nefts, and
rotten pupa, or other remains of infe6ls. It is fcarcely
ever of any determined fhape, extremely tender, and
mealy on the outlide ; fometimes yellowilli under the
farinaceous furface.

TAB. CCCIX.

TUBER ciBARiUM. With. v. 4. 371.
LYCOPERDON Tuber. Linn.

J. RUFFLES are found in various parts of England,
always under ground. They are frequently fought
for by dogs in Hamplliire, Wiltfhire, and Kent. They
are efteemed a dainty in foups, and are fold at Covent-
garden market at a confiderable price. The outfide
is curioufly corrugated and black.

TAB. CCCX.

TUBER ALBUM. IFi/b. v. 4. 371.
. Bull. 404.

J. HIS Truffle differs from the laft in having a lighter-
coloured and fmoother furface, which is always of a
tawny white. As an article of food, its quahties are
much the fame as thofe of the preceding.

T A B. CCCXI.

LYCOPERDON defossum. Batfch. 229. With. v. 4.
/). 382.

SPADICEUM. Schcpff. 188.

1 HIS Lycoperdon, which is often foUtary, and fome-
what variable, has been defcribed under various fyno-
nyms. It is fometimes warty, and has a longifli at-
tenuated rtem. It is very well figured in Vaillant,
tab. TlG. fig. 7. Batfch, tab. 42. has figured it without a
ftem, and with the root innnediately fpringing from
the head, as in one of my figures. His feems to be
taken from a bleached fpecimen. Vaillant, tab. t6.
Jig. 5 and 6. and fome of Schaeffer's figures, which I can
conlidcr as no other than a variety of this plant, are
called Tuber folidum by Dr. Withering, '^d ed. vol. 4.
p. 372.

T A B. CCCXII.

LYCOPERDON stellatum. JVoodw.Tr. of Linn.Soc.

V. 2. 54. IFit/j. V. 4. 374.

J\ CURIOUS fpecies, fimilar in many refpe6ts to L. re-
colligens^ figured at tab. 80. of this work, from which it
differs more particularly in having a fupport or ftalk to
the head above the volva, which however is hardly to
be difcovered in the recent fpecimen, on account of
the great thicknefs of the volva wdiile moift. The
mouth is prominent, and generally fringed.

T A B. CCCXIII.

LYCOPERDON coliforme. IVoodw. tr.of Linn. Soc.
v. 2. 59. fFit/j. V. 4. 373.

1 AM obliged to T.J. Woodward, Efq.ofBungay,F.L.S.
author of the diflTertation to which I have already re-
ferred tab. 80. for excellent fpecimens of this rare
plant. It differs from the others of its tribe in having
feveral orifices to emit the powder,as well as many little
pillars or fupports to the head above the volva.

T A B. CCCXIV.

SPH^RIA SOLID A.

1 HIS Fungus, fo frequent on dead ftalks of umbelli-
ferous plants, has feldom been found with the little
fpiculce or mouths as here figured. It is chiefly com-
pofed of a white folid fubftance, more or lefs oblong,
and covered with a black crult.

T A B. CCCXV.

S'PHJLRIA SULCATA. Bolt. 124.

iVlR. Grifhth in Dr. Withering's Botanical Arrange-
ment, vol. 4. tab. 395. obferves that this plant is the
old ftate of Lichen tricolor. I have had it from Mr. Abbot
and others on pieces of Hick, 8cc. where it fliould ap-
pear the Lichen tricolor could never have exifted. Small
raorfels of Lichen jcriptus may refemble it a little, but
a fcrupulous examination of the true plant will prove
it to be really diilinit.

TAB. CCCXVI.

SPH^RIA BIFRONS.

Very common on the decayed leaves and flalks of
the Holly, Ilex aquifolium, but we believe it has hitherto
efcaped publication. We have called it bifrons, on
account of its having the fame appearance on either
fide of the leaf. It is nearly flat, rifing a little above
the difk of the leaf, and quite black. There are cot-
tony fibres penetrating the leaf from one fide to the
other. We could not detect any thing like feeds.

TAB. CCCXVII.

SPH^RIA CONCAVA.

OOMEWHAT more common than the laft mentioned,
and readily to be diftinguiflied by its concave difk,
which only penetrates through the upper fide of the
Holly-leaf. It has an operculum or cover, which ap-
pears to be the cuticle or outer fkin of the leaf. It is
obfervable that the leaves of the Holly are compofed of
two fets of nerves as well as membranes, upper and
under, which in decay feparate.

TAB. CCCXVIII.

^CIDIUM LACERATUM.

Jr OUND at Batterfea on a May-bufli, Mefpilus Oxycan-
tba Fl. Brit. It grew upon the young buds, and feems
nearly related to the following Fungus.

TAB. CCCXIX.

JECIDIUM coRNUTUM. Flora Danka, t. 838. Per-
foon Obfervationes mycologica^ tab. 4. Jig. 2^3.

1 WAS favoured with this plant, found in the neigh-
bourhood of Woodbridge, Suffolk, by the Rev. Mr.
Lathbury. It is generally very abundant where it
takes poffeflion, and infefts the Pyrus aucuparia Fl. Brit.
for fome years. I prefume the Pyrus never gets rid
of its parafitical companion. The lize of the plant,
and the remarkable length of the curved tube, is the
chief diftindion between this and the foregoing.

TAB. CCCXX.

UREDO AUREA.

J. HIS little gold-coloured parafite was found on
OJmunda crijpa. The feeds were large for the fize of
the plant, and particularly brilliant, having always a
bright golden luftre. The cover is fimple, and partakes
of the fame fplendour, though in a lefs degree.

TAB. CCCXXI.

AGARICUS PUBESCENs. Fl Dan. 1073.

Is always of a fiiowy white, and grows on rotten
wood, in damp places, vmder the bark of decaying
trees. The minutenefs of this Fungus, and its fre-
quently being found, in a young pubefcent ftate,
without gills, may have caufed it to have been over-
looked; and indeed the gills are feldom to be feen
without clofe examination. They are few^ in number,
not very prominent, and generally in pairs. Thofe
in Fl. Dan. are larger fpccimens.

T A B. CCCXXIl.
AGARICUS MURALis.

W E do not find this plant anyw here taken notice of,
though extremely common on old walls, &c. With
regard to its general form, it is very fportive. The
pileus is fometimes contraded, and at other times
very large in proportion to the relf of the plant. The
gills join the Hem, which is nearly cylindrical
and more or lefs curved. The whole plant is of a
foxy brown, but the gills are paler and yellower.
This is often accompanied by another Agaric, which
is fometimes paler, or even totally white, and in form
more clumfy, though we at prefent imagine it not
to be a different fpecies.

TAB. CCCXXIII.

AGARICUS RiMOsus. Bull. 388.

W E have found this in many places ; but in England
it feldom appears to affume the dry ftate, as figured
fo excellently in BuUiard. Even when young the
chefnut fkin of the pileus is difpofed to crack, and
prettily fliows the lighter parts between. In age the
whole plant affumes a paler colour. The gills are
of a yellowifli olive brown. The ftipes is fomewhat
lighter, generally folid, and fometimes bulbous.

TAB. CCCXXIV.

AGARICUS APPENDicuLATUS. With. ed. 3. v. 4. p. 288.

J HAVE found this Agaric moft frequently in Ken-
fmgton Gardens. It agrees in all parts with Jgaricus
femiglobatus^ E. F. 248, except in the pileus being
generally broader, gills very fliallow, annulus broader,
and often hanging in appendages to the edges of the
pileus. The ilipes is fomewhat thicker : it is pithy,
hollow, or Itringy, as the other often is ; but the prefent
is more rugged, thickefl towards the bafe, and often
woolly.

T A B. CCCXXV.

BOLETUS UNicoLOR. Bull. 408 c£? 501. fg. 3. With.
ed. 3. v. 4. p. 329.

JNoT rare on old trees, willows in particular,
affeding to grow in more fliady parts than the
Boletus verjicolor, from which it differs pretty con-
ilantly in its uniform colour, as Bulliard remarks ;
to which we may add, that the pores are labyrinthi-
form in a frefli ftate ; but when drier the tubes flirink
up and crack irregularly, fometimes forming points
like a Hydnum^ for which it has often been taken.
The proper form of the pores may at any time be
feen by taking a piece of the old plant and wetting it.

TAB. CCCXXVI.

BOLETUS MEDULLA PANis. Jacq. Mifc. v. i. p. 141.
/, II. DickJ.p. 18. With. ed. 3, v. 4. p. 325.

OOMETIMES an inhabitant of dark cellars on very
rotten wood, or of the fliady parts of damp woods.
In addition to its general chara(5ter of looking like
the crumb of bread, or the infide of a loaf, we may
remark that in its latter or browner ftate, mouldering
or rotting away, it refembles rafpings of bread. It
frequently branches to a confiderable length, the
broader parts more or lefs producing pores, w^hich
are irregular with rugged divifions. Ihe whole
plant is perfectly white, except in decay, when the
pores become of a yellowifli brown. The texture is
of a fine cottony nature.

TAB. CCCXXVII.

H YDNUM m e m b r a n a c e u m. Bull. pi. 48 1 . Jig. i .

P OUND on the under fide of rotten branches, ly-
ing on the ground. It is of a ferruginous tint. The
upper parts of the points have fometimes a glandular
appearance. They are often whitilli below, and ter-
minate with little hairs. We have always found
this Hydnum attached by its back, forming patches
of different dimenfions.

TAB. cccxxvm.

HYDNUM BARBA-jovis. Bull.pl.a^i.fg.i.
BARBA-JOVIS. With. ed. 3. v. 4. p. 337.

1 HE rude appearance of this plant, which has been
found by Lady Arden in Nork Park, and by myfelf
in Kenfmgton Gardens, would hardly at firlf excite
curiofity; but when examined by a moderate mag-
nifier it prefents a very curious ftrudure. The
points are irregular, whitifli and downy, fomewhat
branching, and in their latter Hate protruding other
points of an orange colour, which are covered with
hairy fpiculx. it is attached by its back like the
lait.

T A B. CCCXXIX.

PHALLUS FOETIDUS.

iMPUDicus. Linn.

JL HESE are called Stinkhorns in moft country places.
The odour is by forae compared to rotten cheefe, by
others to burning bricks, bones, and the fumes of
hartihorn manufa61:orie3 ; but we think, with M\\
Curtis, that the fmell is peculiar to itfelf. We have
found this Fungus in moft woody places where we
have been about London, as in Kenlington Gardens,
and alfo about Norwich. It feems to be propagated by
the root, which is very fibrous, and generally con-
tains numerous bulbs, from the fize of a pin s head
to that of a common hen's egg. When approaching
to maturity the greater part of the plant is above
ground. The ftipes is a good example of fudden
growth, as we have known it to rife fix inches in
as many hours. The pileus hangs over the ftipes in
the form of a cap. The top is a little expanded, and
perforated by one or two holes, below which are
cellular reticulations holding the dark foetid jelly-
like fubftance, which probably contains the feeds,
and which quickly attracts flies and other infects,
who foon devour it without any apparent injury to
themfelves.

TAB. CCCXXX.

PHALLUS iNODORUS.

. cANiNUs. Hudf.Fl.jingl.6jQ. Curt.Lond.

fafc. 4. /. 73.

JL fllS curious little plant is more rare than the above.
I have feen it at Hampftead in Lord Mansfield's wood,
where Mr. Hunter the gardener finds it annually. I
have alfo formd it abundantly in General Money's
plantations near Norwich, v/here I have obferved the
creeping root more than half a yard long, with the
bulbs, fome juft formed, and others quite arrived at ma-
turity. 1 hefe either contain the plant in its more
or lefs perfect ftate, or are found occafionally empty ;
for it often happens, with this as well as the former
fpecies, that the ftipes and all above it are difcharged
by the elaftic force, or collapfing, of the volva or bulb.
The bulb is more ovate than the laft ; the ftipes is of
a fimilar conftru(5lion ; the top or head is continued
from the ftipes, having horizontal plaits, and is of a
brick red, covered with an olive-coloured powder,
mixed with a gelatinous inodorous fubftance, and pfo-
tecfted by a thin membrane. The ftipes of this plant will
expand as rapidly as the laft. I have often placed
fpecimens by a window over night while in the egg
form, and they have been fully grown by the morning.
They have never grown with me in the day-time.

TAB. CCCXXXI.

LYCOPERDON Bovista. Linn. ed. 13. /. 2. p. 726.
• GLOBosuM. JVitb. ed. 3. v. 4. p. 382.

W E believe this is fomewhat lefs common than
Lycoperdon Proteus^ with which it has been confounded.
It is moft frequent in its fmall ftate, and may gene-
rally be known by its globofe llru6lure, fmoothiflii
furface, and light colour; the whole forming a fimple
covering to the white cottony fubllance within ;
which fubitance, in an advanced age, becomes a mafs
of finely entangled fibres of a dark colour, holding
an immenfe quantity of extremclj^ fubtile and fine
powder, we prefume the feeds. The covering too
becomes dark, more or lefs of a brownifii fiate colour,
of a filky luftre, and ftiff fattiny texture. Small
plants in this ftate have been called Lycoperdon ardofa-
ceum by Bull. 192. and With. 383. 1 have found this plant
in Kenfington Gardens and other places, from the fize
of a pea to twenty or tbirty inches in circumference.
It has the fame number of fkins as Lycoperdon Proteus^
but the outer one never fo rough ; which will help to
diftinguifli it, as well as its being deititute of the
cellular part at the bale. A fmall figure of this is
called Lycoperdon gigajiteum by Batfch, p. I'^f. 165.

TAB. CCCXXXII.
LYCOPERDON Proteus.

jtV name quite applicable to this fpecies. Its man}'
fliapes are hardly to be defer ibed. It is fometimes
globofe, like the laft, and refembles it fo much that
they have been generally confounded. However, the
outer fkin in the prefent is generally rougher, and
commonly forms wooWy Jlelhe, more or lefs regular,
whence Bulliard's Lycoperdon calatum\ his Lycoperdon
Bovijia, tab. 447, being the fame, with they?^//^? wafhed
or worn oif, and its general form rounder, refembling
the true Lycoperdon Bovi/Ia. The lower part of this plant
conititutes its moft diftinguilliing character, being
always cellular, which is not the cafe with the other,
though this ftru6lure is not to be feen in its younger
llate. Its feldom being merely globular will help to
diftinguilh it. It is fometimes bottle-fiiaped, whence
Bulliard's Lycoperdon utriforme, pi. 450. It is alfo occa-
fionally Ihaped like a pear or an onion, whence
Lycoperdon pyriforme and Lycoperdon cepcvforme of
the fame author. We have alfo feen it branching
and inofculating. The cellular part often grows
out into a long Jlipes^ whence Bulliard's Lycoperdon

excipuliforme. The ftem is fometimes lacunated,
whence Bulliard's Lycoperdon lacunofus, £?<:. tab. 52.
We have feen the plant in this laft ftate growing
in woods, but we fufped the furrows to have been
eaten by fome fpecies of Limax when the fungus was
young. Both this and the laft plant renew their outer
coats after being wounded. The cellular part affords
fome powder, though very little in proportion to the
general cavity above, which powder, as in the preced-
ing fpecies, is attached in immenfe quantities to mi-
nute libres. Tli&JJelLr are fometimes formed in regular
points, three or more, fpreading or coming together,
varying from a perfect white to a deep black. Large
fpecimens of this are called Lycoperdon maxhnut?i in
Schasffer, tab. 191.

TAB. CCCXXXIII.
CLAVARIA ACUTA.

1 HAVE found this plant often, moftly growing
folitary, varying very much in fize. The upper
part is always Iharply conical, fomewhat opaque and
mealy. The ftipes is partly tranfparent, and cylin-
drical, about the fame length as the head. The root
is compofed of a few fmall fibres. Of the many I
have feen, I did not pferceive that it grew from decay-
ing or putrid Larva.

T A B. CCCXXXIV.
CLAVARIA OBTUSA.

1 HIS curious little parafite is found on Fern-ftalks
in autumn, either on the upright growing plant or
the decaying remains of it. We have found it vary-
ing a little ; fee fig. i and 2. Fig. i. has a fmoother
head than fig. 2, the head of which is nearly fimilar
to a Spbceria, and its ftalk when magnified is a little
hairy. They are both folid, and of a fomewhat fri-
able texture, but in drying become a little horny.

T A B. CCCXXXV.
CLAVARIA BYssoiDEs.

r* OUND on old flumps of trees m Kenfington
Gardens and other places, not un frequently. Its
delicate whitenefs will fometimes help to dift:inguifli
it. The branched ftems form irregular intricate tufts,
refembling a B\iin{S., or rather a minute Coral.

TAB. CCCXXXVI.

SPHtERIA arundinacea.

IVloST common on the old ftalks of Ar undo ph rag-
mites, burfting its way through the outer coat of
the lialk, moftly in oblong feries. The Jpharuhc,
which he lengthwife in fingle rows, can fcarcclv be
dilcerned without a magnifying glafs.

TAB. CCCXXXVII.

SPH^ERIA CLAVIFORMIS.

1 HIS is fomething like Bulliard's Hypoxylon clava-
tum, tab. 444. Jig. 5. differing chiefly in being rough
on the outfide. It grows from the inner bark of
rotten flicks, lacerating the outer bark, and feldom
holding more than one ovate capfule, which is fup-
ported in the middle of the head or clavated part
on an irregular Ifem. I have alwajs found it black,
except the middle coat of the capfule, which is white.

TAB. CCCXXXVIII.

SPH^ERIA MAXIMA. Dickf.Crypt.fafc.i.p.27,.

■ DEUSTA. Hoff.fafc. I. t. i.fg. 2. Perfoon's

Obf. myc. t. i-Jig. 4 &' 5-
HYPOXYLON usTULATUM. Bu//. t. 4^,7. Jig. i.

1 HAVE found this Spharia in great abundance in
fome parts of Keniington Gardens, where it grows
annually, beginning to fliow young plants about
January, at the fame time that the old ones are in
their lail decaying ftate. They feem to be truly
moncecious, firft producing a whitifli farinaceous
duif on the whole furface. It feems in perfedlion
about midfummer, when the fphccrula or capfules
are forming, and copioufly producing black feeds,
which they eje6t in autumn. In the younger ftate
the texture is fomewhat leathery, in the old very
fragile. Sometimes it fpreads into large patches
on old rotten trees.

TAB. CCCXXXIX.

SPH^RIA ciLiARis. BulLpl.^6?>.fg.i.

JNoT unfrequent in damp places on rotten flicks
and other woody fubftances, clothing them in parts
with black hairs which ilTue from the vmmxtQjpba-
rulcd. We have not deteded it in its white powdery-
form, as reprefented in Bulliard's figure.

TAB. CCCXL.

UREDO Thlaspi.

Very common in the autumn and fpring, on the
Shepherd's Purfe, or Tblafpi Burfa-pq/loris, about
London. It has alfo been fent me from the neigh-
bourhood of Norwich by Mifs Hancock, where it
like wife occurs in tolerable plenty. It is compofed
as it were of the fcarf Ikin, or cuticle of the plant,
covering a fine white downy fubftance, which holds
a very fine powder. The Botritis parafiticus of
Perfoori's Obf. myc. tab. 5. fig. 6. £f a. b. which we
fliall figure hereafter, is alfo very common on the
Shepherd's Purfe.

TAB. CCCXLI.

AGARICUS HoRizoNTALis. Bull, y.^. With. <u. 4.
p. 11^. ed. 3.

FTEN grows in abundance on the trunks of old
elm trees late in the autumn, during rainy weather or
foon after. It fometimes refembles Agaricus corticalis^
tab. 243. which has a hollow ftipes and fixed gills.
The prefent fungus has a folid ilipes and loofe gills.
They are rounded off between the pileus and Ilipes, if
it can be fo termed, as the ftipes fwells into the pileus
imperceptibly.

T A B. CCCXLII.

AGARICUS INORNATUS.

1 CANNOT find a defcription or figure of this Agaric.
It is fcarcely to be diftinguiflied in lliape from Agaricus
aromaticus^ tab. 144. but the fixed lamellae when
young, and decurrent when older, or, when the pileus
is fvmnel-formed, being conllant, will help to di-
ftinguiih it. The bafe is fometimes a little bulbous. Its
odour is not peculiar; fomething like that of Agaricus
campejlris.

T A B. CCCXLin.

AGARICUS PARASITICUS.

P OUND in bundles on fome of the larger decayed
Agarics in very wet weather. It has a hollow ftipes,
the gills or lamellae fixed, or fomewhat decurrent, and
clumfy. The ftipes and the pileus are nearl)^ white,
with fometimes a brownilli umbo. The gills fometimes
are of a flefli colour.

TAB. CCCXLIV.

AGARICUS FUsciPEs.

1 FIND no defcription of this Agaric, and have named
it from the brown ftem, which is folid, with a pith.
The gills are rather broad, of a deep buff colour ; the
pileus lighter buff, with a darker colour fhaded by
degrees into a brown in the centre, which almoft forms
an umbo. I found this in fmall quantities in Sir
William Jerningham's plantations at Coftefey near
Norwich.

T A B. CCCXLV.
BOLETUS VELUTINUS. With. v. 4. />. SS^- ^^- 3-

f B ^

1 HIS Boletus has a pileus in its early ftate fo very
like velvet, that the name could not be more apt.
When more advanced it almofl: deferves the term
hifpid, as it refembles plufli ; afterwards it becomes,
black, and rots, the pores at firft being occafionally of
a whitiili or light yellow colour and fliort ; they grow
longer and browner till they emit a yellow powder,
which is more readily feen when its weight caufes the
threads of the fpiders which have run over the pores to
hang down in feftoons like Boletus hepatkus, tab. 58.
The edges of the pores are fometimes perceptibly
fringed. This fungus grows moft commonly on apple
trees, and often to a very large fize.— Is it B. villofus
Hudfon.^ B. fpongiofus Lightfoot ?

T A B. CCCXLVI.

BOLETUS ARBOREUS.

IN OT uncommon on rotten willows in the autumn
in the Willow Walk, Chelfea. We found the fame on
an old oak ftump in Stone park near Withyam, Suffex.
A flat fpecimen was brought me by Mr. Jenkins,
gathered by himfelf. Dr. Ncehden, and Mr. Gotobed,
in Black park, near Eton. It varies in fliape, conform-
ing to the inequalities of the trees it grows on, lining
their cavities with its irregular linuofities or pores,
which are fomewhat central, and moftly of a reddifh
brown. The extremities are rugged and white. In
rainy weather, it is of a jelly-like fubftance : in dry,
horny.

TAB. CCCXLVII.

HELVELLA .^ruginosa. Dickf.fafc. 2.p. 24. IVith.
V. 4. p. 341. ed. 3. F. Dan. 534. 2.

I^OUND on rotten flumps in humid places. It varies
much in fliape, is moftly of a vivid green, and fome-
what tremulous. The wood on which it grows is
always more or lefs flained with the fame green
colour as the fungus.

TAB. CCCXLVIII.

HELVELLA membranacea. Dickf.fafc. i. p. 21.

. RETIRUGA. Bull. 498. I.

MERULIUS MEMBRANACEUs. JVith. v.^.p. 153. ed. 3.

Grows on mofs, &c. in damp places, to which it
is held by its back either with or without a root-like
membrane. The whole plant is fomewhat like wet
parchment, lobed and waved irregularly, with veins
or reticulations on the under fide. It is moftly of a
light brown colour.

TAB. CCCXLIX.

AURICULARIA papyrina. Bull. 402. With. v. 4.
p. 342. ed 3.

VJROWS on the under fide of the branches of de-
cayed oaks in fmall patches, often without the central
finuofities, which are in the larger ones almoft pro-
minent enough to make it a Boletus. It fometimes is
detached fo as to fliow part of the upper fide, like
other Auricularia or Boleti. This is fomewhat more
like thin leather or paper than /. 346 and 348., yet
they feem very nearly related.

TAB. CCCL.

AURICULARIA phosphorea.

BYSSUS PHOSPHOREA. Linn. Mant. p.^iY.

i HE young and moft common ftate of this plant
has the appearance of a ByJJus, and often feems httle
elfe than the purple colour caufed on the wood by the
damp or the gallic acid, and the fricftion and iron of
a faw. When older it becomes of a more vivid deep
purple, and often under favourable circumftances
forms an Auricularia ; which appearing to be its moft
perfect form, we refer it to that genus. Its fibres
penetrated the fubftance of the paper it was wrapped
up in, and began to form on the oppofite or outer
lide, being fhut up in a damp box. The whole is of a
more or lefs denfe cottony or fibrous texture.

TAB. CCCLI.

PEZIZA DOMESTICA.

HIS has been known about ten years on new
plaiftered cielings, or walls which admit the rain. It
firft clothes the places that have been thus wetted,
with a fine cottony or membranous film, nearly as
white as the plaifter, which is in a fliort time partly
covered with falmon-coloured knobs. Thefe at lengh
form a kind of upright Peziza, externally villofe.

TAB. CCCLII.

PEZIZA EQUINA.

HELVELLA equina. F.Dan, tab. ']']^. Jig. 2>-

r REQUENT on horfe-dung in damp fliady places,
and generally in abundance. It feklom expands, is of
a dull fox colour, and rough or hifpid on the outfide.

TAB. CCCLIII.

CLAVARIA HERBARUM ? Perfoon Comment, de Fung,
clavcef. t. 2>-fiS' 4-

Jr OUND near Lacham houfe, Devon, the feat of my
good friend Colonel Montague, by Mr. Gibbs, growing
on dead ftalks. It is like C. ophiogloJToides in miniature,
but is fmoother and of a more uniform colour all over.

TAB. CCCLIV.

SPHtERIA agariciformis. Bolt. 130.

1 HAVE only feen one fpecimen of this fungus, for
which I am obliged to the Rev. Mr. Francis, whofe
lady found it at Holt in Norfolk. Being gathered too
haftily, fo as to be broken from the root, it was con-
fequently imperfe6t ; and infects having made it more
fo in my herbarium, I am unwilling not to figure it
while there are fome remains to identify fo rare a
fpecies, which with the help of Mr. Bolton's figures
I am enabled to do. The bafe is like a Lyc9.perdon ; the
ftipes fiftular, yellowifh and fmooth ; the head oval or
egg-fhaped, brown, and fo fmooth on the outfide that
the mouths of the imbedded fphaerulae are fcarcely
perceptible.

T A B. CCCLV.

SPH^RIA GRANULOSA. Bull.

JVloST frequent on dead birch-branches. It firft
burfts from between the cuticle and cortex in a light
fpongy-looking knob, foon enlarging to half an inch
or more in diameter, and a quarter thick, having
fphaerulce imbedded in the furface, whofe mouths touch
the outfide. In this fiate the whole is black, and the
outfide fome what cruftaceous.

TAB. CCCLVI.

SPHtERIA aurea.

i HE remarkable appearance which this fungus oc-
cafions on the dead branches of the willow, cannot but
be admired. The Rev. Mr. Relhan of Cambridge firit
fent it me in the fpring of 1801, under the name of
Spbaria aurea. The Rev. Mr. Holme has fince com-
municated a fpecimen on the Salix cinerea from Hinton
near Cambridge, Nov. j, 1801 ; and the Rev. Mr.
Kirby of Barham, Suffolk, favoured me with fpecimens
on the leaves of Salix caprea^ Nov. 30, iSoi, too late to
make any addition to my figure. The yellow margin
is a curious effect caufed by the growth of the fungus ;
and even the fungus itfelf feems chiefly compofed of
the bark, which is changed into a fliining black, cover-
ing a quantity of black powder, but not very regularly;
and when old the cuticle burfts irregularly, often on
one fide, emitting the duft. There is more or lefs of a
white fubflance below the powder. It feems to laft a
year from the firfl breaking out, exhibiting the yellow
margin moft vivid in fpring, the black powder in
autumn.

TAB. CCCLVI I.

SPH^ERLl STEECORARIA.

IHIS was given me by Dawfon Turner, Efq. found
near Yarmouth, and is one of thofe that upon minute
examination Ihows the white powder enclofed in the
circumference which feems analogous to pollen, and
the black powder in the middle to feed. The mouth at
the top may fometimes be feen with the black powder
edged by the brown cafe that holds it ; the next two
circles being formed by the white powder ; and the
outer cafe, which feems partly covered by a roughilli
clothing, adhering to the l^raws, &c. Another fpecies
I have obferved is either in a lefs perfedt ftate, or of a
more fimple conflrudion, with a more acuminated
mouth, and a fnigle black cafe with or without black
powder. I propofe to call it Spbaria folitaria. It grows
on the earth. See the lower figure.

TAB. CCCLVIII.

XYLOSTROMA giganteum. Tode Meek. fel.i. p. 1^6.
tab. 6. fig. 51.

FUNGUS CORIACEUS QUERCINUS HiEMATODES. Eph.

Germ. d. i. a. 4 S" 50.
OAK LEATHER. Ray 25. no. 27. Lightf. 1004.

X HIS may truly be named giganteum^ from the
gigantic ftrides it takes through forae of our largeft
oaks. It appears to be compofed of minute branched
fibres which are lefs compadt internally, with little
velicular-like fubftances, fomewhat egg-fhaped, refting
by their broadeft bafes on the ends and other parts of
the branches. The narrow end feems fomewhat
opaque, as if it were an operculum. There is alfo
fcattered duffc of a brownifh call, copious among the
rotten remains of the wood, giving it the appearance
of Scotch fnufF. It fliould feem that this fungus may
have given rife to the ufe of Agaricus Chirurgorum^
Pharmac. Edin. and Agaricus querneus^ Pharmac. Gener.
as Ray fays it was ufed by the country people of Ireland
to cure wounds ; and thus I think the true ftyptic
Agaric fliould be the Agaricus querneus, Limi. tab. 181.
and not Boletus igjtiarius, tab. 132. vv^hich 1 believe
never has been found growing on the oak, although
Boletus fomentarius, tab. 133. which nearly refembles it,
fometimes does. It feems the oak Agaric is moil: ftrongly
recommended. See Dr. Woodville"s Med. Bot., vol. 4.
p. 159. Agaricus quercinus neareft refembles the Oak
Leather in delicate fibrous texture, and may be readily
cut into flices and freed from impurities. The other
two are of a lefs delicate colour, and require more pre-
paration.

I have fpecimens of part of a poplar affected with a
fungus fomething like the above, which penetrates
the tree more thoroughly, as it were taking place of
the wood ; but in this I have difcovered nothing like
frudlification.

TAB. CCCLIX.

MUCOR BOTRITIS.

BOTRITIS PARASITICUS. Perfoon Obfervationes myco-
logiccp.^ tab. 5. Jig. 6.

Very frequent on the Shepherd's Purfe, T:hlafpi
Burfa-pajloris., as is the Uredo Tblafpi, tab. 340. This
has longer flems than that, which are often not per-
ceptible, and grows on the outlide of the plant, with-
out the cuticle for a covering. May this not be the
fame one lefs deeply feated in the plant ?

TAB. CCCLX.

FARINARIA seminaria.

1 HIS little production, found on leaves of a Willow,
not yet defcribed I believe, was fent me by the Rev.
J. Holm of Cambridge. It appears to agree with fome
other things in my collection which are not referable
to any known genus. I therefore call it Farinaria, being
chiefly compofed of fine powder.

No. I.

Forms a little white neft holding black compacted
powder-like feeds, if I may fo call them ; fome I found
empty, with the impreffions remaining where thefe
feeds feemed to have been.

No. 2. FARINARIA aurantiaca.

Are fomewhat ovate particles fcattered on the leaf,
of an orange-colour, more or lefs in bundles ; fome
in a compacted mafs, others forming a kind of neft
mixed with a few cottony filaments towards the edges.

No. 3. FARINARIA rosea.

Rofe coloured particles rather indiftinCt, and neftling
with fome hairs at the extremities more or lefs enclof-
ing them.

TAB. CCCLXI.

AGARICUS vuLPiNUS.

r OUND at Iflington in a hollow elm. It was quite
feffile, the gills reaching to the tree on which it grew.
The pileus is thickifli, very rough on the furface, and
fomewhat of a fox-colour.

TAB. CCCLXII.

AGARICUS PLANUS.

1 HIS curious Agaric was fent by the Rev. Dr. Abbot
of Bedford. There is nothing particularly ftriking in
its appearance till we come to look at the gills, the
edges of which are obtufe or flattifh ; from whence
hangs a loofe powder, appearing, when magnified, to
confift of minute, round, pellucid globules. The reft
of the gills is compofed of two leries of ovate and
fomewhat fnufF-coloured veficles.

TAB. CCCLXIII.

AGARICUS soRDiDUs. Dickf. Crypt, fafc. i. /. 3./. i.

\v E prefume this is t\ie, Agaricus fordidus of T>ic\ii:on,
and the name accords well with it when gathered in a
wet ftate. In dry weather its furface is fatiny, and
agrees well with A.Jericeus of Bulliard and A. rufus of
Withering. It varies both as to the pileus and Jiipes^
and is either of a yellowifh, brown, or greyifh colour,
and often comes very near to 1. 161. of this work. The
gills of each are fometimes fcarcely fixed.

TAB. CCCLXIV.

AGARICUS PLicATiLis. Curt. 200.

This Aganc may be beft known in its latter ftate,
when the gills are moft diftant from the Jlipes, leaving
a ring round it : at the fame time the centre of the
pileus becomes deprefled. The reft is plaited, and the
ridges rife above the centre. The gills are few, fre-
quently only one at each plait.

T A B. CCCLXV.

AGARICUS PALLiDUS.

1 HIS has very little charadter to make it a fpecies,
and differs only from Bulliard's J., leucocephalus in not
having a iQ>\\A Jlipes^ and perhaps in fwelling a little
where the annidus is ufually found. I have found it
very often, or had not figured it here.

TAB. CCCLXVI.
AGARICUS FLAViDUS. With. ed. 3. vol. ^.p. 209. id var.

W E have not met with a figure of this Fungus any-
where ; but we venture to ufe one of Scheeffer's names,
which Withering quotes with a fort of doubt, and
which we think no other than a variety oi A.Jlipitis.
Ours feemed to agree pretty well with Withering's de-
fcription, except the colours of our Fungus being alto-
gether more lively.

TAB. CCCLXVII.

BOLETUS HETEROCLiTUS. Bolt. 164.

1 HIS is not very uncommon on the flumps of old
willows. It does not always afTume the yellow hue
expreffed in the figure, yet that often feems its molt re-
markable charaderiftic.

T A B. CCCLXVIII.

BOLETUS VARIEGATUS.
VERSICOLOR. Schaff. I36.

vV E have found this Fungus on the fame ffcump in
General Money's plantations near Norwich, at two
very diflant periods. It very much refembles B. lucidus\
but being ftemlefs, imbricated, and of a fomewhat dif-
ferent texture, we have ventured to confiderit a fpecies.
But Schaeffer's name B. verficolor being engaged, and
a variety of B. hepaticus being called B. variegatus^ we
have ufed the latter name as appropriate to this i'pecies.
Schaeffer's Boletus jemiovatus fomething refembles ours,
and perhaps may not be diffin6t.

TAB. CCCLXrX.
Fig. I. PEZIZA hybrida.

1 HIS Peziza fomewhat refembles P. hifpida, and is
hairy on the outfide, but whiter : the inlide partakes
of the rednefs of P. fcutellata. We have had it growing
two or three years at Mead Place, without any con-
fiderable variation.

Fig. 1. P. CARTILAGINEA. Bolt.

FOUND on old damp walls, half hid among mofs,
v^ery commonly in the fpring and autumn. It re-
fembles fomewhat the fhield of a Lichen., is of a bright
fcarlet colour, and of a cartilaginous texture.

Fig. 3. P. RUGosA.

FOUND on bits of old rails in damp woods. It always
ftands eredt, and moftly crowded.

Fig. 4. P. PEDTCELLATA. P. cyutboidea? Bull.^\6.

COMMUNICATED by the Rev. Hugh Davies from
North Wales. It neareft refembles P. cyathoidea of
Bulliard, but is fmaller and fmoother. Its texture
fomewhat leathery.

Fig. 5. P. ARANEosA ? Bull. 280.

THIS is found in damp places, on old flumps of
willows, and very much refembles P. fcutellata., though
feldom fo finely coloured, neither has it the ciliat at the
edges. It is fomewhat woolly at the back.

Fig. 6. P. tricolor.

SENT us by favour of William Brunton junior, efq.
of Ripon, in Yorkfliire. It feems to differ from any
we have feen before, and we have named it P. tricolor.
The infide is of a pale yellow ; the outer rim, which
is fomewhat thick, is of a darkifli grey ; the bottom
white.

Fig. 7. P. BicoLOR. var. f

THIS we believe to be no other than a variety of our
P. bicolor, t. 17. being much larger and rather fmoother.
Found at Hampftead.

Fig. 8. P. nicer.

SENT by the Rev. Dr. Abbot from Bedford. It is
very fmall, totally black, and fomewhat cartilaginous,
growing on bits of old paling.

Fig. 9. P, IMMERSA.

THIS is remarkable for forming holes in the wood
on which it grows. It is fomewhat woolly on the
under fide. The whole Fungus is black.

Fig. to and 11. P. erecta.

THIS is a very variable Fungus. We can trace it
by degrees to F. fcutellata. It is fometimes deftitute of
hairs, fometimes has cHice only, or is without cilia.,
with hairs at the back and underneath ; fometimes it
has both cilia, and hairs. It is oblong and upright,
fometimes lliort and clumfy, often fpreading. It varies
from a deep red to a greenifli yellow and a pale yel-
low, and is found on very wet mofs in damp places.

Fig. 12. P. RiMOSA.

WE are obliged for this, as for many other fpeci-
mens to the Rev. Mr. Alderfon, who obferved it on
brown paper on a beer barrel in his cellar. It is white
and cartilaginous, but when old is apt to crack in
the centre.

TAB. CCCLXX.

Fig. I. SPH^RIA minutissima.

1 HIS minute Fungus, which is not to be feen without
a magnifier, appears, as far as we can determine, to be
a Sphceria.

Fig. 2. S. POTENTILLiE.

MANY plants bear the fame fpecies of Spharia in
common, but this feems to differ from all others. We
have only feen it on Potentilla verna., lying upon the
furface of the leaf.

Fig. 3. S. ToFiELDi^.

THIS differs from the laft in being immerfed in the
leaf of Tqfieldia palujlris.

Fig. 4. S. pusTULATA.

IN the cuticle of fome trees this forms a flattifh
puftule.

Fig. 5. S. CoRNi.

THIS Spbaria is found on Cornus Juecica. It lies
under the cuticle, but ftains it black, fo as to make
it appear as the upper furface of itfelf.

Fjg. 6. S. Arbuti.

WE have feen but little of this Fungus. It fcarcely^
forms a fphxrule; yet from analogy we fuppofe it
may, and we figure it here that it rnay lead to further
inveftigation.

Fig. 7. S. SUBCONFLUENS.

VERY frequent on decaying oak, fycamore, and
other leaves. We have alfo found it on the ftalks of
fmall plants. It forms little black dots on the outer
furface of the leaves, which are connecSted, 3, 4, or
more together, by a black compact fubftance under
the cuticle.

T A B. CCCLXXr.

Fig. I. SPHyERIA coriacea.

1 HE leathery afpedl of this Spharia fuggefted its
name. It is compofed of a number of egg-fhaped
capfules of different fizes, with the points downwards;
the upper or broader part often as it were pulhed in.

Fig. 2. S. RUPESTRis.

THE prefent Spharia came accompanied with Lichens
on fragments of the fhiftofe rock from Ludlow, by
favour of Dr. Babington. It is a fimple fphaerule,
ftanding almoft loofe upon the rock.

Fig. 3. S. KiRBii.

THE penetrating eye of the Rev. W. Kirby difcovered
this minute Fungus on the cores of apples. We here
beg leave to correct the name of Spharia decorticans,
E. Fungi, t. 137, fent by the fame gentleman, which
has been unluckily printed S. decorticata.

Fig. 4. S. Lauri.

THIS alfo was fent me by the Rev. W. Kirby. It
may be known on the upper fide of the leaf, by a
little filmy covering over the mouth, fometimes per-
forated in the middle, and a rifing black circle round it.
It penetrates the leaf in a curious manner, forming a
black fpot or ring on the under fide.

Fig. 5. S. Heder^.

THIS generally rifes through the cuticle of the leaf
in a fomewhat conical form.

Fig. 6. S. betulina.

THIS feems to fwell the cuticle, forming an oblong
black, fpeck. on the furface, and a woolly ferruginous
margin.

TAB. CCCLXXIL

Fig. I. SPHv^RIA salicina.

X HIS differs but little from the S. Lauri, t. yji-Jig. 4,
and ought to follow it. The mouth on the upper fide
of the leaf has a fmaller covering, and the bottom of
the fphaerule by its peculiar conlfru6tion, after pene-
trating the leaf, forms a black circle, fometimes with
a black dot in the middle.

Fig. 2. S. PERFORATA.

THIS forms roundifli holes through the cuticle of
the fticks on which it is found, iffuing from the cortex
either iingle or in bundles, with their mouths a little
beneath the holes.

Fig. 3. S. ELLiPsosPERMA ? Bull. 492. Jig. 3.

THE feeds were fo conglutinated together in our
fpecimens, that we could not politively difcern their
elliptic forms, though we were almoft confident they
were of that figure.

Fig. 4. iS. EOMBARDICA. Bolt.

A VERY common Spkaria, often fpreading over old
llumps of trees ; and often one over another, not un-
aptly refembling grains of gun-powder. In the young
liate, a white powder iffues from the mouths, after-
wards a black jelly or powder, till at length they be-
come empty fphaerules.

FjG. 5. S. CORTICIS.

THIS Fungus reaches entirely through the cortex.
The mouth perforating the cuticle fwells it a very little,
and fometimes a ftain appears round it.

Fig. 6. S. asper.

WE put this among the Spbtpria from its refem-
blance, although it feems deftitute of the common co-
vering of the genus. It burfts the cuticle in fo rough
a manner as to give the Itick it grows on the appear-
ance of a rafp or file.

FjG. 7. S. MARGINATA.

THE mouth of this Spharia perforates the cuticle,
and the edges turn back upon it, forming a broad
whitifh border : fometimes thefe have 2 or 3 perfora-
tions in them, and 2 or 3 mouths beneath.

Fig. 8. S. subimmersa.

ABOUT half of each fphasrule rifes, fwelling the
cuticle hemifpherically, and giving it a dark greyilh
tinge.

Fig. 9. S. puNCTUM.

THE fphserule is nearly round, buried in the upper
part of the cortex. The mouth perforates the cuticle,
and has round it a blackifh ftain.

Fig. 10. S. EMERSA.

THIS burfts through the cortex, forming a mouth
under the cuticle, with a fpreading black circle round
it, occafionally perforating the cuticle with a fmaller
circle or ftain round it.

Fig. II. S. CRUSTACEA.

THE cruftaceous cover of this Fungus fpreads on
the outfide of the wood, in parts forming little puf-
tulate fphserulas, with fomewhat pointed mouths.

Fig. 12. S. iNsiDENs.

ALWAYS on the outfide of the wood, or nearly fo ;
fometimes confluent, roughifh and hard.

TA B. CCCLXXIIl.

Fig. I. SPH.-ERIA Vaccinii.

Somewhat egg-fhaped, {landing with the point
upwards ; it grows more or lefs crowded, furrounding
the ftalk of Vaccinium Vitis-idaa.

Fig. 2. S. RUBIFORMIS.

ROUND, mortly crowded, and finely tuberculated.

Fig. 3. S. COLL APS A. Variolaria corrugata. Bull. 432. 4.
Hyjlerhim nigrum, Tode Fung. Meckl. 8. 64.

FROM its affinity to S. fulcata, we judge this alfo a
Spharia, it being apparently the fame thing unrolled.
It is fometimes larger and a little different in fliape,
generally fituated under the cuticle of the fticks it
grows on, and dries up irregularly.

Fig. 4. S. CIRCUMVALf.ATA.

FOUND on an oak leaf. The fphasrule is formed in
the fubftance of the leaf. On the upper fide appear
I, 2, 3, or more black convex fpots, furrounded with
a black margin at a little diftance, penetrating the leaf
perpendicularly.

FjG. 5. S. CURVIROSTRA.

THIS is very minute. Its fphaerulje are imbedded in
the plant on which they grow. 1 he mouth is in length
nearly twice the diameter of the fphserule, fianding
obliquely.

Fig. 6. S. Gnomon. I'ode Fung. Meckl. t. 16. f. 125.

THIS Sphxria is very fmall, but on examining it
with a magnifier it may be readily underftood.

Fig. 7. S. TERRESTRIS.

F^OUND on the bare earth (an unufual circum-
fiance with Spbarir) in Kenfington Gardens. It is
fomething like S. btfpida of lode Fung. Meckl. t. 10.
Jig. 84. but the hairs are chiefly at the bottom.

Fig. 8. S. SUBSECRETA.

THIS refides under the cuticle, on rotting fiicks of
poplar. The bark is generally in that cafe decompofed,
and very fibrous. '1 he Fungus being inferted in the
interllices of thofe fibres. It is nearly round, but in-
dented towards the top, which gives it a flattifli ap-
pearance. 1 he mouth protuberates a little, and has a
fingle aperture, although the lip, if I may fo call it, is
divided into 4 parts. It occalionally perforates the
cuticle.

Fig. 9. S. FULiGiNosA,

MOST common on rotten branches of oak. It
fpreads upon the furface of the cuticle, ftaining it
black, or riling in irregular roughiih tubercles, form-
ing fomewhat regular fphserulae within, altogether
having a very footy appearance.

Fig. 10. S. DIFFUSA.

AFTER throwing off the cuticle, it diffufes itfelf in
different-formed patches on the furface of the cortex.
The fphaerulae within are fomewhat egg-fliaped, acu-
minating towards the mouth.

Fig. II. S. ciNEREA. iS". macula. Tode Fung. Meckl.

t. 13./ 106.
THIS one might imagine was the young of 5. decor-
ticans ; but as we have only found it in this Hate, that
is mere conje6ture. It fpreads upon the cortex under
the cuticle, is of a cinereous colour with white punc-
tures, which are the mouths of the little fphasrulae
holding a white fubftance.

Fig. 12. S. LICHENOIDES.

THIS was fent me by the Rev. Mr. Relhan, who
had not determined what to call it : therefore we have
placed it among the Sphacria^ although it may be nearly
allied to a Lichen. The little fphaerulae ftand on the
outfide, with a white ground which rifes round and
covers each fphcerule.

TAB. CCCLXXIV.

Fig. I. SPHiERIA immersa.

1 H I S Spharia penetrates the wood in various direc-
tions, but forms the fphaerules on the outfide.

Fig. 2. S. PopuLi.
NOT unfrequent on poplar leaves.

Fig. 3. S. uLMARiA.
A COMMON inhabitant in the autumn of the dead
leaves of Ulmus campejlris.

Fig. 4. S. PARALLELA.

THE furface of this is often nearly fmooth. The
fphaerules are more or lefs in number, imbedded in a
blackifli fiibfl:ance which rifes above the burit cuticle,
Handing in little parallel patches above it.

Fig. 5. S. PicEA.

THIS is irregular, and fmooth on the furface, refem-
bling dry pitch, partly bleached to a brownifh colour,
and cracked. The fphaerules are imbedded, but the
whole Fungus lies on the outlide of the wood on
which it grows.

Fig. 6. S. convergens. 1'odeFung. Meckl. t. i^-Jig- m.
THIS fpecies rifes from the cortex in a peculiar
manner, limilar to a parcel of flafks, having 4, 5, 6,
or more together, preffing the cuticle in a convergent
manner upwards, and perforating it: their mouths are
juft feen through it. This fpecies can fcarcely be un-
derftood without cutting it in a tranfverfe direition.

Fig. 7. S. OBLONGA.
THIS fpecies is fomewhat allied to the preceding, but
the cuticle is perforated in an oblong manner and
nearly tranfverfe direilion. The bafes of the fpheerules
are irregularly feated; their necks are converged, more
or lefs curved, and longer than the laft.

Fig. 8. S. tuberculosa. With. &c.
THIS feems fometimes to form fphaerules round its
furface, at other times not. When without thofe
fphxrules it often exactly agrees with the external
appearance of L. piji forme ^ tab.i"]!. E. Fungi ; and
fometimes refembles a fmall S.fraxinea, tab, 160.
E. Fungi ; and we fufpeited L. acarifotme might alfo
belong to it. Some fpecimens the Rev. Mr. Francis
lately fent me confirm this, and he agrees with me. He
alfo thinks that my figure of L. radiatum is nearly
allied to it ; other friends have formed the fame con-
jecture.

Fig. 9. S. irregularis.

THIS Spharia is irregular two different ways. It
forms irregular tubercles of a brownifh black ; the
fubftance being of a reddifli brown, including fphae-
rules fcattered irregularly in it.

TAB. CCCLXXV.

Fig. I. SPH^RIA pustula. var. fjiinuta.

W E believe this to be a variety of S. pujlulata *,
tab. ^"jo.fig, 4. but rather fmaller.

Fig. 2. S. SUPER-CRUSTACEA.

THE upper part of this little Fungus, burfting the
cuticle of the flicks on which it grows, forms 3 or 4
tubercular rifings fomewhat crulfaceous : below, it
confiils of a rather irregular black mafs, not fo hard as
the upper part.

Fig. 3. S. RiMosA.

THIS may poffibly be a variety of 6". coriacea E. Fungi,

tab. yji-Jjg- T- only growing in larger clufters, and

fomewhat conglutinated together, forming cracks in

drying.

Fig. 4. S. DUPLEX.

THIS is a very neat little Fungus, growing on the
fiftulous ftems of fome umbelliferous plants. The
neat round fphaerule is formed in the woody part of
it. The neck paffes ftraight to the cuticle. The
mouth, fpreading a little, makes a black fpot on the
outfide, which without careful examination might
be taken for a perfed Spharia, refembling S. pujlulata^
which is often found among it.

Fig. 5. S. gregaria.

THIS we place here upon old authority, but cannot
pofitively affirm it to be a Sphceria. It appears to vary
extremely in fize and colour ; fometimes it is of a
bright or dull orange. We could only difcover it to be
fomewhat granulated on the outlide ; the infide is of a
lightifli brown. The whole is fometimes in lobes,
forming ftellac, or otherwife.

Fig. 6. S. punctata.

THIS little fphaerule fiands upon the face as it were
of a Lichen^ forming black pundures, more or lefs
round, of different fizes. Coat cruftaceous, black ;
within which is awhitifli coat including jelly or black
feed. This was fent me for Ver rue aria pun&ata of
Hoffmann.

• Which ought to have been pujlula.

Fig. 7. SPH^RIA dubia.
THE fphcerule is here indiftinitly formed of a
cottony fubftance, in the ftalk of a vine, burfting the
cuticle with a cottony mouth, through which iiTues
a gelatinous tendril of a waxy appearance.

Fig. 8. S. viridis.

THE ontfide of this little Spharia is black, the in-
fide light green, \vith a fmall hollow, fo that when cut
it appears clumfy. It is mortly folitary. The wood it
grows on is occalionally ftained greenilli.

Fjg. 9. S. osTRACiA. Hypoxylon ojlreaceum. Bull. 444. 4.

WE only admit this as a Spbaria on the authority
of thofe who have gone before us ; but we ftrongly
fuppofe it to be the nidus of an infe6t, as the pupa of
fome one has always been found in it when in its moft
perfe6t ftate. It opens like an oyfter-fliell, and is often
perforated at the top, perhaps by another infe6t.

T A B. CCCLXXVI.

SPH^RIA CARPINA.

JN OT uncommon on hornbeam in Hainault Foreft,
Effex. Ihavefeen the hard trunks of trees almoft covered
by it. The fphaerules are often difficult to find under the
hard bark ; they are fomewhat compreiTed, often ir-
regular, and at firli rather waxy ; afterwards they be-
come a black, brittle, carbonaceous-like fubftance.

T AB. CCCLXXVU.

SPH^^RIA PROFUSA.

I UNDERSTAND a great deal has been faid about
this curious production in Germany, but I believe it
was flill left undetermined what it could be. Having
difcovered plenty of it in the neighbourhood of London,
upon careful examination it proved to be a Spbaria,

Fig. 9* M. glaucus.

THIS we alfo believe a variety of the fame fpecics.
It is apt to throw the httle feeds into a moniUform-
appearance. It is fometimes gray as well as greenilh :
Micheli fays it is found only on rotten apples.

Fig. id. M. ferrugineus.

FOUND fometimes on old ftumps of trees, decay-
ing hay, Sec. The ftipes is thickeft at the bafe ; head
irregularly powdery, and of a rulliy brown.

Fig. II. M. rosev s. Mom'/ia ro/ea. Ba(/c/j. tab. 12. Jig. 58.

MOST common on the decayed kernels of nuts,
within the fliell, though more often on other rotting
fubllances. The Rev. Mr. Alderfon fent me fome on
rotten wood. The Rev. Hugh Davies fent me fome
which he faid he found on Tuber folidmn. It is moftly
in denfe patches, compofed of numerous fibres more or
lefs diftindl, and round particles of farinaceous powder
of a rofe colour.

Fig. 12. M. quernea.

WE have only found this in the hollow of the great
oak on Hainault Foreft- called Fairlop, where it is very
abundant. It is compofed of branched filaments with
numerous ovate, powdery heads in little bundles,
mofi:ly of a deep orange colour.

Fig. 13. M. chrysospermus. Bull. 504. i.
THIS differs from the lall in having round and
lighter-coloured particles compofmg the heads. It is
found on rotten Boleti.

Fig. 14. M. lignifragus.

DIFFERS from M. glaucus, fig. 9. in being in much
more round fafciculi. I believe, however, thefe are
only varieties of each other, and are the admired blue
mould in rotten cheefe, Sec.

■N^'
^

V

— r

V-'

which, forming under the cuticle, ejeds in aftonilliing
abundance an orange gummy-looking matter in long
fportive tendrils : but what is moft curious is, that the
fphasrules are black, and included, i, 2, 3, or more, in a
black fpongy fubftance, having alfo a black fubi^ance
within, from whence the tendrils flioot. The fphse-
rules are not always to be found in either of thefe
fpecies.

T A B. CCCLXXVIIL

Fig. I, 2 & 4. MUCOR TRiCHoiDEs.

1 H I S is often one of the firft fpecies of vegetation

on fubftances that imbibe fuperfluous moiil:ure, fuch as

decayed vegetables, &c. Some grew on paper, fome

on oak, and fome on Lichens. The head is oblong, and

pointed. It varies from white to green, and is often

very minute.

Fig. 3. M. fuscipes.

FOUND on a piece of very wet oak. It had a dark
brown ftipes and an oval head. We are not fure
whether or not it be a variety of the laft.

Fig. 5, 6 «Sc 7. M. Mucedo.

THIS varies extremely in fize, depending upon the
fituation in which it grows. In very moift cellars on
cat's dung, &c. it often grows very large, compofed of
tufts of very fine white pellucid filaments, from the loth
of an inch to three or four inches long, with round,
pellucid watery heads, occafionally producing white
powder. It often grows large on pafte. The feeds,
if I may fo call them, fometimes fall about the ftipes,
and are always difcharged by fudden drying.

Fig. 8. M. fulvus.

THIS may be a variety of the laft ; it is moftly
found dwarfifh ; the head larger in proportion, and in
its latter ftate the feeds often placed in a radiated form

which, forming under the cuticle, eje<^s in aftonifliing
abundance an orange gummy-looking matter in long
fportive tendrils : but what is moft curious is, that the
fphoerules are black, and included, i, 2, 3, or more, in a
black fpongy fubftance, having alfo a black fubftance
within, from whence the tendrils fhoot. The fphas-
rules are not always to be found in either of thefc
fpecies.

TAB. CCCLXXVIII.

Fig. I, 2 8c 4. MUCOR trichoides.

1 H I S is often one of the firft fpecies of vegetation
on fubftances that imbibe fuperfluous moifture, fuch as
decayed vegetables, &c. Some grew on paper, fome
on oak, and fome on Lichens. The head is oblong, and
pointed. It varies from white to green, and is often
very minute.

Fig. 3. M. fuscipes.

FOUND on a piece of very wet oak. It had a dark
brown ftipes and an oval head. We are not fure
whether or not it be a variety of the laft.

Fig. 5, 6 &: 7. M. Mucedo.

THIS varies extremely in fize, depending upon the
fituation in which it grows. In very moifl cellars on
cat's dung, &c. it often grows very large, compofed of
tufts of very fine white pellucid filaments, from the loth
of an inch to three or four inches long, with round,
pellucid watery heads, occafionally producing white
powder. It often grows large on pafte. The feeds,
if I may fo call them, fometimes fall about the ftipes,
and are always difcharged by fudden drying.

Fig. 8. M. fulvus.

THIS may be a variety of the laft ; it is moftly
found dwarfifti ; the head larger in proportion, and in
its latter ftate the feeds often placed in a radiated form

Fig. 9. M. glaucus.

THIS we alfo believe a variety of the fame fpecies.
It is apt to throw the Httle feeds into a moniliform
appearance. It is fometimes gray as well as greenifh :
Micheli fays it is found only on rotten apples.

Fig. 10. M. ferrugineus.

FOUND fometimes on old flumps of trees, decay-
ing hay, &;c. The ftipes is thickeil at the bafe ; head
irregularly powdery, and of a rufty brown.

Fig. II. M. koseus. Monilia rofea. Batfch. tab. i^-fg. 58.

MOST common on the decayed kernels of nuts,
within the fliell, though more often on other rotting
fubflances. The Rev. Mr. Alderfon fent me fome on
rotten wood. The Rev. Hugh Davies fent me fome
which he faid he found on Tuber folidum. It is moftly
in denfe patches, c'ompofed of numerous fibres more or
lefs diftind:, and round particles of farinaceous powder
of a rofe colour.

Fig. 12. M. quernea.

WE have only found this in the hollow of the great
oak on Hainault Foreft. called Fairlop, where it is very
abundant. It is compofed of branched filaments with
numerous ovate, powdery heads in little bundles,
moftly of a deep orange colour.

Fig. 13. M. chrysospermus. Bull. 504. i.
THIS differs from the lail in having round and
lighter-coloured particles compofing the heads. It is
found on rotten Boleti.

Fig. 14. M. lignifragus.

DIFFERS from M. glaucus^ fig. 9. in being in much
more round fafciculi. I believe, however, thefe are
only varieties of each other, and are the admired blue
mould ill rotten cheefe, Sec.

TAB. CCCLXXIX.

Fig. I. FARINARIA pomacia.

On Odober 2.9, 1799, ^- ^' Knight, Efq. favoured
me with fome apple-tree leaves, fome of which were
difordered, and covered with a very fine white powder,
others more or lefs clothed in patches with dark
brown particles, fcarcely difcernible to the naked eye.
Their form was fomewhat ovate, but irregular. Whe-
ther thefe are capfules or feeds it is undetermined.
Mr. Knight obferved, that on fliaking the leaf over a
piece of talc or glafs he detected little oval bodies
which llirivelled a little in drying. Some of thefe
were transferred to other trees, and the diforder along
with each, every one producing its own fpecies.

Fig. 2. F. alba.
I HAVE found this in great abundance on flicks in
Hornfey wood. It forms minute, round, fcattered

granules.

Fig. 3. F. sulphurea.

EXTREMELY common in every herbarium on the
dried plants, being formed of very compavSt denfe gra-
nules of a fulphur colour.

Fig. 4. F. brunnea.
THIS confirts of fomewhat fpongy-looking brown
granules. Found on dead willows.

Fig. 5. F. lanata.
FORMS little granules feeraingly mixed with wool-
ly fibres and covered with other loofe fibres. It alfo has
a blackifli knob at the bafe, and may be met with on
damp paper.

TAB. CCCLXXX.

Fig. I. FARINARIA xerampelina.

Found on French berries. The fubftance fomewhat
denfe and brittle, throughout of a lightifh crimfon ;
a loofe brownifli wool lying about each mafs.

Fig. 2. Farinap.a sparsa.

FORMING mealy granular particles, fcattered in
fafciculi over large mafies of rtone, of a yellow colour,
on the under-lide of the Cromleigh, near Penzance in
Cornwall.

TAB. CCCLXXXI.

AGARICUS AURANTius. Schc?f\ 1. 1. With. 261. ed. 3.

'Dol. 4.
CROCEUS. Bull, 50 C£? 554.7^. 3.

1 HIS Agaric is liable to many different appearances
in form and colour, not however irreconcileable to
the nature of the Fungus tribe. It is not uncommon
on heaths and in meadows, Sec. growing to maturity
in two or three days. It may be bleached, or lighter
coloured, in dry or funny weather ; in damp weather
it becomes twifted and deformed ; occafionally the
moifture of the Fungus partly going off; the remainder
becomes black, and like charcoal. This lalf change is
very common, but does not always happen.

The yellowifli figvire, which is fomewhat rugged,
has been called A.fiammeus. Hudfon called it A. den-
tatus, from Linnaeus, I believe ; but it is not at all a
conftant charader for the lamellae to be toothed. Their
colour is fometimes pinky, and they are mollly loofe.
The ftipes is either folid, pithy, or hollow.

T A B. CCCLXXXII.

AGARICUS TUB^FORMis. Setoff. 248 & 249. IFith.
t. 177. ed. 3. vol. 4.

OURELY only a variety of A. tigrinus, tab. 68. of
this work. It is ftrangely fportive, and liable to vari-
ous appearances from not always producing the pileus
and lamellae. See fig. 249. Schaeff. Thus Holmflciold in
the Fungi Danici, thought it to be of the Clavaria tribe,
calling itRamaria ceratoides, tab. 9. and Mr.Dickfon has
figured a variety, as may be readily feen in Clavaria
lignofa of his fafciculus 4. tab. 12. Jig. g. The woody

texture no doubt fuggefted the name. It is always
hard in the dry ftate, yet altogether very tender when
frefli. A.fquamofus^ Schaeff. 29. and 39. which I have re-
ceived from Dr. Smith and Mr. Crowe, are doubtlefs
varieties of this fpecies. The gills when produced
are occafionally notched, but not always. It is often
black ilh, or brown, at the bafe.

TAB. CCCLXXXIII.

AGARICUS LYCOPERDONOIDES. BulL 466. With.
Jig. 228. ed. 3. vol. 4-

1 HAVE no doubt of this being an Agaric, according
to Bulliard -. I however have not been fo fortunate as
to find it in the perfe6l flate. I found it on the black
remains of J. elephantinus in Fcckham Wood in No-
vember a few years fince. The lamellae, according
to BuUiard's figure, are thick and fhort.

TAB. CCCLXXXIV.

Fig. I. AGARICUS araneosus, var. 0/222)'

2. ULMARius, var. 67.

3. VELUTiPEs, var. 263.

AgARICUS araneofus fometimes varies fo extremely
that it is difficult to recognife the fpecies. The fpe-
cimen as here figured may be known beft by the webby
films about it : the elongation of the ftipes and the
fmallnefs of the pileus are a great difguife to it.

A. uhnarius. This imperfedt ftate of this fpecies has
given rife to the idea of a new fpecies ; I therefore
figure it here, to fliow howeafily we may be deceived
in this divifion of Fungi.

J. velutipes. The fpecimen figured in plate 263 being
more curious than common, I could not avoid giving a
figure of it. It became therefore neceffary to give the
more common appearance of it here, as found on wil-
low trunks, its ufual habitat. In moderate feafons it
often grows much larger, with fimilar characters.

» The lamellas however are Taid to confiitute it aMeruliusof fome authors,
as they are not very prominent.

TAB. CCCLXXXV.
Fig. I. AGARICUS Tentaculum. Bull. 560.^.3.

X HE great width of the lamellae where fixed to the
Itipes is the great charaderiftic of this Fungus, and I
am apt to think it a variety of the two following.

Fig. 2 &: 3. a. adonis. Bull. 560. yfo-. 2 &? 3.

THESE feem to have no fpecific difference, and are
Uke the iaft, except the lamellas and colour.

Fig. 4. A. pumilus. Bull. 260.
THIS agrees with Bulliard's figures, except that the
flipes of ours is much longer, and the lamellae fome-
what darker in colour.

Fig. 5. A. tenuis. Bull.

BESIDES the attenuated length of the fhpes, the
lamellae are moftly narrow, and attenuated, and fcarcely
touch the upper part of the llipes. The firft four of
thefe I have occafionally found to have milky ftipes :
they are probably only varieties. The fifth is certainly
only a variety of A. varius figured in our tab. 222.
under the name of ^. poly gr animus. I have feen fpeci-
mens near a foot long in the flipes, with every appear-
ance the fame except fize, and fometimes with a root
of five or fix inches in addition.

T A B. CCCLXXXVI.

Fig. I. SPH^RIA sphincterica. Bull.

vV E find this curious Sphceria growing in a remark-
able manner on Lichen pertufus, fent by Mr. Brunton
jun. of Rippon in Yorkthire ; and by Mr. Borrer from
near Brighton in SufTex. It is parafitic in the fubflance
of the cruft of the Lichen, and protrudes from it, re-
fembling the natural fruilification fo much that it
might be eafily miftaken for it in a Lichen lefs known.
The hairs farrounding the mouth fometimes are
whitifh.

Fig. 2. S. PARASITICA.

THIS little Spbaria grows on the frudlification and
cruft oi Lichen vernalis. It was fent by the Rev. Mr.
Harriman from Durham.

Fig. 3. S. HIRSUTA.
WAS found by the Rev. W. Kirby between the
plarter walls of his houfe, while repairing. It grows
in little bundles, each tubercled and covered with fine
hairs. The outfide is blackifh, the inlide fometimes has
a border of white.

FjG. 4. S. SCOPULA.

FOUND on rotting balkets of wicker, and on old
hoops, at Mead Place. At firft the Fungi feem only
little tufts of fine black hairs; but fomemore advanced
contain a little black fphaerule : the hairs are feathered,
or furniilied with little hairs upon them.

Fig. 5. Clavarta tenuis.
FOUISFD on bits of rotting wood at Mead Place in the
coal cellar, in damp weather. It lefembles a httle black
hair thickening upwards.

TAB. CCCLXXXVII.

Fig. I. FIBRILLARIA stellata.

1 THOUGHT it neceffary to figure this, and another
or two of the imperfe6t Fungi, that they might be
the better underitood when found.

Moft Fungi, apparently when feedlings, produce
fmall cottony fibres, and fome alTume a more determi-
nate form, without coming to their full growth or
figure. If reprefented, and for the prefent named, in
fuch a ftate, they can be hereafter traced to their pro-
per genera, when they happen to unfold their fru6lifi-
cation. This figure is not uncommon, and on exami-
nation feems compofed of fmall white fibres, branch-
ing, and fpreading flat on bits of ftick in a llellated
manner.

Fig. 2. F. ramosissima.
THIS is not uncommon on plaftered brick walls,
and fometimes branches very irregularly, at others
concentrically, often in very large patches. This is a
piece of one which grew on a wall in a middle cellar
at Mr. Forfter's at Lambeth, and was above two feet in

diameter.

Fig. 3.

THE fibrillas of which this is compofed are not
much unlike the two laft, though fomewhat more ten-
der when frefli, and brittle when dry. This is figured
by Dillenius i. 12 ; and Dr. Withering, in the 3d ed. of
his Arrangement, vol. 4. page 146, traces it fromayel-
lowilli or reddifli colour to brown, and at length to
black, obferving that it refembles the fkin of a moufe :
he lliould have added ' when compreffed.' He thinks it
a variety of figure 6 following. If fo, it is a Boletus.

Fig. 4. Clavaria filiformis. Bull. 448. i.

THIS is not uncommon among dead leaves when
thickly ftrewed on the ground. It is compofed of
fibrillce not unlike Byjfus barbata^ E. Botany, tab. 701 ;
but in drying fhrivels up almoil: to nothing.

Fig. 5. Boletus terrestris.

FOUND on the ground in woods, often fpreading
an inch or two in diameter, without any fign of being
any thing but a compound of fine and fmall fibres in-
terwoven and lying flat on the ground. However, we
have met with it forming pores fo as to conftitute it a
Boletus.

Fig. 6. Boletus hybridus. See tab. 289 of this work.
THIS beautifully white, moft delicately tender and
fine fibrous cottony fubfiance is often copious in clofe
cellars, along with what is reprefented 2i\. Jig. 3. (this
latter has fometimes been found on rotten wood under
the earth), and is compofed at firft of fibres, not un-
like the longer ftems of Mucor mucedo^ tab. 378.7?^. 6.
nearly as figured by Dill. tab. i. fg. 9. and is faid to

be Byjus feptka of Linnoeus. Dr. Withering traces it,
in his opinion, to fig. 3. of this plate. We, however,
have no aflurance of the latter having been deteiled
with pores, or other frudification, like this white one,
■which has been found in great abundance, and was
brought me from Oxford by my good friend Dr. Wil-
liams. Its fibres are eafily decompofed. The figure
reprefents it in fome degree compreffed.

Fig. 7. Boletus versicolor?

THIS is a Poria of fome authors, and is not uncom-
mon under wooden window-fills or copings over the
little brick, walls in hot-houfes, extending to a foot or
more in length. I do not know that it has been found
with a pileus. The pores refemble thofe of 5 verfi-
color, being moftly round and white, fometimes length-
ened out. The fubliance is nearly the fame, being
white cottony fibres clofely comprefTed. B. verficolor
is occafionally very fportive, and deflitute of a pileus.

Fig. 8. Boletus Fibula.
I WAS favoured with fpecimeris of this Boletus by
D. E. Davey, Efq. of the Grove, Yoxford, in Suffolk.
They grew on his wine-cellar door. The button-like
form, with an umbilical root, like a fhank, gives this
fpecies a remarkable appearance. The pores in the
centre are irregular, fmall, and fhallow ; the fubftance
fome what cottony, and clofer than the dry rot. Boletus
lacrymans. I cannot help mentioning here a large flat
fpecimen of Boletus lacrymans, kindly communicated
to me by the Earl of Dartmouth, about nine inches in
diameter, the pores irregular in the outward circle,
the centre compofed of fmall, irregular, fomewhat bo-
troid protuberances.

Fig. 9. Boletus latus.
THIS may be often found fpreading, in irregular
patches, on bits of flick, &;c. in damp places. The
pores, when any, are fomewhat central. The fubflance
rather refembles fig. i . of this plate, but is more com-
prefTed.

Fig. 10.

A curious fungus-like fubftance, although not really
fo, as far as we know. It was brought me from among
fome fir fire-wood, and appears to be a particular de-
compofition of the longitudinal fibres of the wood,
giving them a white cottony texture, the crofs fibres
being loll:. This feems the fame as found by Mr. Jamefon
in Scotland, which he aptly defcribes as follows : "The
wood having loft its latitudinal cohefion renders it
foft ; but the longitudinal fibres are ftrong and tough,
fo that they are fplit and twifted to form halters for
cattle in Aberdeenfhire." I do not know that the re-
maining white fibres in mine are tovigh enough for a
fimilar ufe : they are, however, tolerably ftrong when
in fmall bundles. The ftronger or turpentine part of
the wood is nearly equally liable to the fame decom-
pofition.

I have pieces of oak, where a fimilar decompofition
has taken place, in regular fpots, about an inch in cir-
cumference, with mucor in the centre of each.

A mucus-like fubftance is fometimes formed in
water, on rotten leaves, in vinegar, and on or in ink,
and among preferves, &c. if too watery, which, when
produced on the furface, have the round dufty head,
or other appearances, of Mucor niucedo f or Ligni fragus.
The fibres, on examination when dry, feem the fame
as the ftipes of other Mucors when entangled or con-
denfed.

TAB. CCCLXXXVIII.
Fig. I. AURICULARIA persistens. Bull.

1 AM fomewhat doubtful as to this being a fpecies,
as it differs very little, if at all, from fome varieties of
Aurtcularia reflexa^ which, in wet and cold feafons,
are often purple, and bordered with purple in various
ways.

Fig. 2. AuRicuLARiA L.5:vis.

FOUND on trees late in the autumn, not very com-
mon, and may poffibly be the remains of Auricularia
reflexa. The difference is, that the upper as well as
imder fide is fmooth. The whole is moilly of one co-
lour, of a purplifli brown.

Fig. 3. Auricularia cinerea.

NOT uncommon on rotting fallen branches very
late in the autumn, on their under fide, it fpreads
very much, and has moftly a brownifli margin. 1 he
middle generally is full of irregular protuberances, of
a greyifii colour, and fometimes very minutely feat-
tered with fmall whitifli fpots.

T A B. CCCLXXXIX.

Fig. i. PEZIZA sessiljs.

Very fmall, with a white cottony outfide; fmooth-
ifh and whitifli within ; found on rotten fl:icks.

Fig. 2. P. immeesa.
THIS was fent me by the Rev. Mr. Harriman. It is
diftinft from any thing I had before feen. It confifts
of fimple, roundifh, almoft globular cups, feemingly
of a leathery texture when dry, but tender when frelh.
They appear nearly fmooth on both fides, and are ge-
nerally funk in little holes in the earth, their upper
part being about level with its furface.

Fig. 3. P. stercoraria ? Afcobolus furfuraceus Per-
foon. Myco. t. 4. /. 3. a. 3—6.
THIS is not often found with the feed-veffels fo di-
Ilin6t, which are of the peculiar ftru(5ture here deline-
ated, having eight feeds : thefe are projedled from them
to fome diltance, occafioned feemingly by their pro-
greffive ripening ; for the latter ones crowd and fwell,
fqueezing out the riper ones as they advance under
them. The variations of weather and conflruclion

will readil}'- account for this. Thefe ocStofperm feed-
veffels have given name to the genus OBofpora in
I led wig, which includes many of the Peziza^ as
having a fimilar ftrud:ure. Thefe before us are of a
light greenifli yellow, varying to brown.

Fig. 7. P. SUBDIAPHANA.

OF a femi-tranfparent waxy appearance; not un-
common on the under fides of rotting wood in fome-
what clofe places, and may be a variety of P. cinerea^
U 64, dried before perfected.

Fig. 8. P. abbotiana.

THIS pretty fungvis was fent me, fome time fince,
by the Rev. Dr, Abbot, from Bedfordfhire. I fketched
it as foon as it came, but waited for more of it, as 1 ex-
pe6ted to find fome with foliage to conftitute it a
Lichen. As the fpecimen here figured had not any
thing like the cruft or foliage of a Lichen, 1 therefore
venture to figure it as Fungus.

TAB. CCCXC.

Fig. I. LYCOPERDON PHALLOiDEs. Sm. Spicil. t. 12.
Dickfon's Faf. Cryp. i. 24.

1 HE firft author who appears to have noticed this
mofl: extraordinary Fungus is Mr. Woodward, of Bun-
gay, in Phil. Tranf of London, v. 74. 473. /. 16. It
has been found in fandy banks near Norwich, and in
Suffolk, by Mr Woodward. Mr. Davey, of the Grove,
Yoxford, finds it annually in Suffolk. I do not know
that it has been deteded in the l^ate of an Qgg^ or ball,
which appears to be formed under ground as the balls
of the Phalli, tab. 329 and 330, are above ground. The
l\ipes and pileus are included in a curious manner.
The outer and coarfer volva has a fort of lining, which
covers the frudification on the volva that furrounded
the ftem, the peculiar protrufion of which burfts the
whole, tearing the covers, &c. and forms a cap, or
pileus, of the three coverings, with part of the llera

above the ground. The innermoft coat has a fort of
briilly pile that holds the powder. The two outer
fkins wither off, and are blown away, leaving the
feeds to difperfe themfelves. It afterwards dries, and
feems to perifli. The root is fibrous. It is fomewhat
extraordinary that this root and fungous bulb fliould
be fix or eight inches under ground ; and it is poffible
that, the feeds being difperfed, it may form new bulbs
for its annual fupport under ground, which I iliould
be glad to fee with the Fungus in perfedtion.

TAB. CCCXCI.

CLAVARIA MiNUTA.

1 HIS pretty little Fungus was difcovered, growing
on the bracSteae of Dipfacus pilofus^ by the Rev. R. B.
Francis, F. L. S. who favoured me wath thefe fpeci-
mens. They were found at Raleigh, in EfTex.

TAB. CCCXCII.

Fig. I. RHIZOMORPHA patens.

Was fent me by the Rev. Mr. Relhan, the in-
genious author of the Flora Cantabrigienlis ; found on
old willows near Cambridge. Old willows are hardly
ever deflitute of Rhizomorpha-like fubftances, which
may perhaps be real roots ; and other trees, under cer-
tain circumftances, protrude their fibres to fuch a di-
llance, and in fuch a manner, as to create a puzzle.
The real roots, however, may, I believe, always be
difcovered by their having the medulla or pith, %wod
and bark ; and the Rhizomorpha by being delfitute of
the inner pith, having only a fibrous and cottony inner
fubflance and bark.

Fig. 2.

I BELIEVE this to be a variety of the above, and of
tab. 299. It has been called Rhizomorpha fpinofa. The
three already mentioned, and one given me by the Rev.
W. Kirby, found under the bark of an old water-pipe
on the Middlefex fide of Weftminfter-bridge, feem to
be the fame fpecies.

Fig. 3. R. hybrida.

OLD or rotten wood, roots, &;c. are occafionally co-
vered with a black fubftance, which fometimes pro-
duces a fort of fructification, determining it to be a
perfe6l Fungus, or Sphivria. This approaches but little
towards a perfect Fungus, yet I was not willing to
leave it unnoticed in a work where it might be
expe6led. It is of a confiftence like the bark of the
Rhizomorpha., and of a brownifli colour, fpreading over,
and often in, the cracks of decaying wood. This was
covered externally with a powdery light-brown fub-
ftance.

TAB. CCCXCIII.
Fig. I. SPH^RIA nigra.

OMALL, flattifli, indented at the top, black on the

furface, found on the ftalk of a decaying umbelliferous

plant.

Fig. 2. S. TUBERosA.

SOMEWHAT verrucofe, black on the outfide, and
white within. Its fubftance is folid, penetrating, or
often protruding, through the thick bark of the plant
it grows on.

Fig. 3. S. Brassica. Bickf. fafc. i. p. 23.

NOT uncommon on cabbage-leaves that are left to
rot in the autumn. It is often the fize of a pea, form-
ing a kind of tubercle, with a blackifh cruft on the
outfide, and white within. Thefe two lalf have been
received into the genus Verrucaria by Mr. Perfoon ;
but it is doubtful whether we may not be deceived by
them, as by Spharia tuber culoja of this work, tab. 374.
Jig. 8. See defcription.

Fig. 4. S. LONGA.

FORMS a black oblong ring, fmall, and penetrating,
or fixed to the depth of the bark (if I may fo call it) of
a piece of decaying reed. The top is lightifli in the
middle ; the infide is quite white.

Fig. 5. S. GuTTA.

BLACK, nearly conical, very minute, brittle, and
almoft folid.

Fig. 6. S. LoNicERiE.

ON the ftalk of woodbine ; black ; round or oval,
with a little nipple, inferted into the bark.

Fig. 7. S. Corona.
SHAPED like a crown or cap ; indented towards the
middle with a little central roundilh protuberance ;
the infide grayifh.

Fig. 8. S. Pisi.
FOUND by the Rev. William Kirby on pea-ftalks ;
round within the bark, or protruding outwards with
a conical point or mouth, giving it the form of an egg
with the point upwards. It covers the ftalk, &;c.
almoft all over in little fpots.

TAB. CCCXCIV.

Fig. I. SPHyERIA fusco marginata.

OUNK about half-way in the bark of nettle-ftalks.
The upper part is elevated, or convex, with the mouth
in the centre ; black, encircled with a lightifli colour,
foftening into a brown. This was fent me from Bar-
ham, Suffolk, by the Rev. William Kirby.

Fig. 1. S. NiDULA.
CLUSTERED in concave parts on the root of the
bean ; fmall, black, nearly round, the mouth forming
a fort of blunt point.

Fig. 3. S. ACUMINATA.

SCATTERED on the ftalk of a thiltle, feme nearly
on the fiirface, others deeper, fomewhat egg-fliaped,
with the pointed end upwards; the mouth a little
elongated, forming a fmall conical point. They only
appear on fome parts of the ftalk.

Fig. 4. S. BREvis.

SHOPvT or flat, feated in the bark of a decaying
branch. The mouth is feen on the furface, with a
white fpace round it, terminated by a blackifli ring,
or border.

Fig. 5. S. LiEVis.

ON hazel? inferted into the bark, and fwelling a
little above it, in fmooth, fliining, oblong, black blots ;
the infide whitifh, w4th many egg-fhaped fphaerulae.
Found at Bar ham by the Rev. William Kirby.

Fig. 6. S. Taxi.

FOUND on dead leaves of the yew (Taxus baccatd)
in Hainault Foreft. It is generally under the cortex of
the foliage, blackening it in little fcattered fpots, fome-
what conical at the top, flattifli at the bafe, with one,
two, or three little fphoerulie.

Fig. 7. S. RECTA.

ON the ftalks or petioles of the leaves of fome water
plants ; Arrow-head, {SagittariafagittifoUa^Sparganmm^
See.) inferted into the cortex. It is very round, with a
ftraight neck paffing through the cuticle. The minute
black mouths are fcattered irregularly, and are almoft
imperceptible.

Fig. 8. S. multiceps.

ON decaying flicks, in black footy looking irregular
patches, on the furface of the bark, or cuticle, uniting
in numbers, each with a fort of pointed or acumi-
nated mouth. Subflance green within.

Fig, 9. S. MAcuLANs.

SPOTTING bits of rufh leaves with its little black
mouths, and an additional blackifli ftain. The fphse-
rules are underneath, in the middle of the leaves, in
clufters, between the upper and under fkins, their
mouths penetrating one lide only.

Fig. 10. S. Pteridis.

FORMING elliptical and pointed black fcattered
wings on the ftalk of the Brake, Pteris aquilina. The
fphoerulae are inferted underneath in the fame form,
and are round and black. Rev. Mr. Kirby.

T A B. CCCXCV,

Fig. I. SPHtERIA ramos a. Dickf. fajc. 4. 1. 12. Jig. 7.

J^ I R S T obferved on wood covering a drain, near
Mead Place, Nov. 24, 1797. It runs a yard or two under
the planks on which it is found, branching and di-
viding continually. The male frudlification, or fari-
naceous part, white, at the flattifh and moftly acumi-
nated ends : this part is often attached to the wood. The
fphoerulae, or capfules, are roundifh, fituated in the
fwelling or larger parts, which are moftly twifted fpi-
rally, as well as fome of the other parts of the fungus.
The branches are often extended beyond the capfules.

Fig. 2. S. REPTANS.

THIS was found on a piece of rotten wood in Ken-
fmgton Gardens. The black cruftaceous fubftance, of
which the Spbarix are ufually compofed, feems in
this to have been in a fort of fluid ftate, running into
branches, at the ends of which the oblong capfules are
formed, turning upwards : the upper part holds the
fphoerule, whicli is rather oblong, the ends being fome-
what capitate and whitifh.

Fig. 3. S, FuscA.

CONSISTS of little round fphcerulse, of a browniih
colour, profufely fcattered over a rotting piece of fir
that had been worked. They are fo ftrongly attached
as to leave their bafes if. we try to rub them off.

TAB. CCCXCVI.

Fig. I. FARINx-lRIA Stellari^.

S'TELLARU graminea^ and fometimes Stellaria holo-
Jlea^ are affeded with this in the pollen, fwelling and
burfting the anthers, flirivelling the petals, and often
burning from the germ, as it ripens : it is of a dark
brown colour. The fame feems to be found on Bro}nus
mollis and fome other gralTes, Sec.

Fig. 2. F. Sgabiosje.
SEEMS a parafitical deftroyer of the pollen of the
Scabiofa arvenjis (Field Scabious), filling the anthera fo
copioully that it is foon fcattered all over the flower,
giving it the appearance of having been rubbed in a
dully road, the powder being of a lightifli brown co-
lour.

Fig. 3. F. spuiEROiDEA.

FORMED partly within the ftem oiAgarkus elephan-
tinus, in the latter flirivelled and carbonated or black
Itate, fometimes emerging half way, or more. This is
rather more cruftaceous on the outfide than Farinaria
generally are. The colour is ferruginous.

Fig. 4. F. carbonaria.

SWELLS the feeds of Carex micheliana^ diftorting
them into an oblong curved black body.

Fig. 5. F. varia.

THIS was found on fome mouldy French berries.
It is black, and of various fhapes.

Fig. 6. F. PoiE.
COMMON on Poa fuitans, {Sm. Fl. Brit. p. 95.) In
the early flowering of the plant it begins to fwell
the feeds, that are affedled very confpicuoufly. In the
latter ftate they become lengthened and curved, the
oiitfide emitting a farinaceous-looking duft.

Fig. 7. F. Trifolh.
ROUND black particles, in clufters, found on the
bark of the foliage of I'rifolium fragiferum^ or Straw-
berry Trefoil, in damp weather, early in the autumn,
while the flowers of the plant are in full perfe6lion.

T A B. CCCXCVII.

Fig. I. ^CIDIUM Tussilaginis.

(jr R O W S in fmall fcattered clufters on the back of
the leaf of 'Tujfilago Petafites, or Butterbur. The border
is roundifli, fomewhat regular, cracking, and reflexed,
of a light yellowifli brown, lighteft on the infide.

Fig. 2. JS.. Tragopoginis.

MOSTLY fmgle, fcattered, fmaller than the laft,
lighter coloured, and fometimes plain, as if rubbed,
not being fo well fecured as the laft is by the woolly
leaf. Thefe are poflibly varieties of each other. The
jE. "tragopoginis feems to contract and fpoil the growth
of the foliage, &:c.

Fig. 3. JE. CoRNi.

FORMS a largifli clufter or two on the back of the
foliage of the Cornus fanguinea. Its border is moftly
plain. The Fungi are crowded, and fitting on an
orange-coloured riiing fubftance, darker than the cafes,
which are, however, fomewhat tinged, as it were, by
it at their bafes.

Fig. 4. J¥.. Ranunculi.

NEARLY hke the laft, though fomewhat paler, and
more fcattered over the back of the foHage. It is moft
common on the Pilewort, or Ranunculus Ficaria.

Fig. 5. JE. Berberidis.

MOSTLY to be found on the back of the foliage of
the Berberry, Berberis vulgaris, more particularly in
chilly weather, after cold rains, in fpring or autumn,
as is the cafe with all JEcidia. The border is moflly
plain, the cup lengthened out, pale yellow, on a deep
orange-coloured ground, which, fpreading, fupports
the Fungi in clufters of two, three, or more.

Fig. 6. IE. confluens.

GROWS on the back of the foliage of Mercurialh
perennis, or Dogs' Mercury, forming confluent patches
without regularity. The filmy covering burfts at the
edges, fides, or centre.

TAB. CCCXCVIII.

Fig. I. ^CIDIUM Rubi.

Scattered on the back of the foliage of fome of

the Rubi. It is moflly of a light brown, with a fine

woolly fubflance, at or furrounding the bafe, upon the

leaf.

Fig. 2. ]E. Fragarije.

LiVRGER than the lafl, moftly of a light yellow.
The cafe containing the farinaceous dufl is fimple.

Fig. 3. tE. Menthje.

LIGHTISH yellow brown, flattifli, fcattered on the
back of the foHage of Mints.

Fig. 4, ]£.. Salicis.

LIGHTISH brown, very flat, fcattered on the back
of the foliage of Willows.

Fig. 5. M. Cardui.

DARK brown, very frequent on the back of the
foliage of Carduus pratenfis. Two or three forts of
Mufcse, or Flies, are occafionally found dead on this

plant at the time of the Mcidium being upon it, which
is after wet weather in the fummer, or early in au-
tumn : being apparently tempted by its flavour, they
over eat themfelves, or ^Ho. are deftroyed by fome

poifon.

Fig. 6. ^. rhej.

VERY fmall, fcattered on the back of the foliage of
Rheum rbaponticiim in autumn.

Fig. 7. Uredo spires.
THIS is of a larger fize, occafionally fpreading, or
confluent ; its colour a brightifli yellow.

Fig. 8. U. Ros^.

CONSPICUOUS upon various parts of rofes, and

other plants. It is varioully fliaped, bright yellow,

the infide or feed largifli, refembling tab. 320, and

may, perhaps, be the fame fpecies. This fpecies is

obfervable on many plants, as wheat, grafles, Sec. in

autumn.

Fig. 9. U. Chenopodii.

ON the foliage of Chenopodium olidum. It is flat,
lightilh brown, the cover fomewhat pulverulent.

TAB. CCCXCIX.

Fig. I. RETICULARIA HORTENsis. Bull. ^2^. Jig. 1.
With. 3 ed. V. 4. p. 387.

COMMON on tan in hot-houfes. It at firft appears
to ferment, as it v/ere, in a kind of whitifli froth, in a
few hours becoming yellowifli, and feemingly mixed
with a powder ; at length it grows fragile, flattens, and
afllimes a lightifh brown on the outfide, being replete
with dark powder or feeds in irregular divifions within,
after which it foon falls to pieces. In the frefli ftate it
fmells not unlike rotten cheefe.

Fig. 2. R. LUTEA. Bull. '^o. fig. \.

THIS is, at firft, often of a bright yellow, and quite a
foft frothy fubftance, hanging, or feemingly dropped.

on healthy graffes, &c. and not oozing out, or in the
leall degree appearing to grow from them. Some-
times it runs over dead leaves, &c. in woods and
other places. It decays like the laft, varying according
to the weather, and is often fmpother coated, in fome
parts occafionally whiter, as if bleached. It occurs
after rain in autumn.

Fig. 3. R. CARNOSA. Bull. ^ii\. fig. \.

THIS cafually falls (if I may fo fay) on thriving
graffes, &:c. It is very nearly allied to R. alba., being
cottony, like that, on the outfide, but more condenfed
within, holding a black powder in fomewhat laby-
rinthiform cells, like the two former.

P'lG. 4. R. CEREA.

PERHAPS a variety of the lail:; dried fomewhat
^vaxy before it was quite ripe, as fometimes happens
'to fome of the Fungus tribe.

TAB. CD.

Fig. I. LYCOPERDON echiniformis.

1 H I S may poffibly be a variety of L. fmiplex^ t. i'j2 >
The cracks in the Ikin are perhaps caufed by drying
fuddenly.

Fig. 2. L. Epidendrum.

A VARIETY in a very luxurious and moift ftate, as
I have often dete6led it in Kenfmgton Gardens, though
in fmaller quantities.

Fig. 3. The same in a latkr state.

THESE two figures are taken from drawings made
by Mifs Browne, of Netherfet, near Norwich,

Fig. 4. MucoR fulva,

THIS grew on rats' dung. The ftipes is of a rranf-
parent white, tapering upwards ; the head round, com-
pofed of a yellow powder, with a few pellucid drops of
moiflure attached to it in different parts.

Fig. 5- Sph^rocarpus semitrichoides. Bull. p. 'Tf^'j.

fg- I-

I HAVE only met with this beautiful fpecies once in
Kenfington Gardens. The ftipes is pellucid, white,
tapering upwards ; the head rouud, its upper half cu-
rioully netted, the lower entire, yellow, including dull
of the fame colour.

Fig. 6. Sph^rocarpus pyriformis. Bull, ^i"] . Jig. 2.

THESE fpecimens, 1 fuppofe, were not perfected, as
they were moftly burft, or prelTed, fo as to dilcharge
mohlure. They were of a yellowilli white, or cream
colour, the ftipes whitilh, tapering upwards, the head
yellow ; fome pear-fliaped.

Fig. 7. MucoR erysimi.

NOT unfrequent on the pods, &c. of garlic muftard,
Eryfimum alliaria. It is very fmall, covering the plant
fo as to give it a powdered appearance. When highly
magnified, each Fungus is found branching in nearly
biternate order, each branch terminating with little
oblong or ovate veficles, with a furrow on one fide.

Fig. 8. Dematium articulatum? Perfoon Difp.
Meth. p. 41. t. 4. fig. 2.

FOUND on dead leaves at Batterfea, &c. It forms
fmall bundles, creeping, jointed, without apparent
fwellings, but fomewhat attenuated towards the apex.

Fig. 9. PucciNiA rubi.

VERY common, in autumn, on the leaves of bram-
bles, fpotting their backs with little footy-looking
clufters which, when magnified, are found to confill
of a number of tranfparent ftems, tapering upwards,
each with three or four oval heads, refembling little
black beads placed on each other, the uppermoll fome-
what acute at the apex. It is alfo not uncommon on
the fohage of fome of the Ro/^.

Fig. 10. P. MiNUTA.

THIS was difcovered on the head of Agaricus lycoper-
domides^ and confifts of a minute Hipes, with many mi-
nute, bead-like, tranfparent, fomewhat ovate veficles,
placed on each other, gradually enlarging upwards.

Fig. II. P. suBSEssiLis.

NOT uncommon on the remains of reeds dragged

out of ditches in autumn. It is compofed of little

black ovate veficles, placed on each other in extremely

minute bundles.

Fig. 12.

FOUND on a bee-hive by the Rev. Mr. Kirby. It is
feemingly an imperfect fungous fubftance, dried fome-
what waxy, and may belong to the Auricularia, or
Boleti.

TAB. CCCCT.

LYCOPERDON kp.colligens Woodzcard in Linn.
Trans, vol. 2. 58. JVith. vol. 4. 375.

1 HAVE long wished to add the description of this
curious Fungus, as a debt owing in the third volume
of this work. It is omitted by Gmelin ; and he seems
to confound L. sessile with L. stellatuin, from which it is
certainly distinct — see my plate 80, which I have called
L. rccolligens. I am greatly obliged to the Rev. Mr. Dalton
for setting me right, by favouring me with the specimens
of L. recolligens here figured. From many experiments
with L. stellatum, and what I would call L. sessile, I find
it more apt to recoil or expand than they are, and in
a more remarkable manner ; for by damping it the volva
immediately expands, and in drying it contracts, con-
trary to Avhat they do, which expand in drying, and coil
up on being damped.

It has other characters by which it may be di-
stinguished from them. Its head is orbicular with a
large mouth, a little flattened ; the volva is thin and
smoother. The one figured at tab. 80, now L. sessile,
has an ovate head, rather pointed apex, and the mouth
scarcely more than as if torn ; the head always sessile.
The head of L. stellatum is rounder and pedunculated,
so is that of L.fornicatum ; but its standing so regularly
on four points is a sufiicient distinction ; although their
being so nearly alike in other respects has caused some
dispute whether this may not be accidental : I have,
however, sufficient specimens to show that it is constant.

TAB. CCCCII.

MERULIUS IIELVELLOIDES.

Gathered in November, 1808, by Miss Rackett,
who obligingly sent me specimens from Spetisbury, in
Dorsetshire. I was much surprised, when it first took
my attention, to see so regular an Ifehella with a
smooth surface beneath ; but on a more attentive exa-
mination I discovered veins beneath, which however
are very inconspicuous, and only close to the edge of
the pileus, projecting very little, but sometimes inoscu-
lating or branching, or having a shorter one of about a
line in length intervening with the larger ones, which are
about two or three lines in length. Three parts of the
under side are characteristic of Helvella, and the fourth of
Merulius ; and this is the first species I have seen w^hicli
seems a tie or uniting link between the two genera.

The specimens grew in a fir wood, as the leaves about
them show, and there was a chalky marie about the root.

TAB. CCCCIII.

MERULIUS LAMELLOSUS.

J^ADY Wilson gathered this undescribed Fungus at
the bottom of a rotten bin in a cellar at Charlton House,
Kent. When growing, it is perhaps one of the most
elegant of the Fungus tribe, as it appears that a large
cluster of it was found growing almost in every varied
direction. The elastic, delicate, and soft leather-like
'pileus assumes a colour from perfect white to a pale
yellow or buff. The pale veins beneath the smaller
parts, and the browner older parts relieving them on
a dark ground in the cellar, must have an extraordinary
effect. The veins are deepish, and inosculate very
much, and sometimes resemble the sets of lamellae of
the Agarics. In examining them Avith a hioh mafrnifier
they appear clothed with hairs and glands— see the
right hand figures^ In colour and texture the Fungus
has altogether a strong resemblance to Boletus lachry-
jna77s, or Common Dry-rot," tab. 113, in some states.

TAB. CCCCIV.

CLAVARIA RUGOSA.

J. HE Rev. H. Davies of Beaumares gathered this
Fungus on bean-stalks in autumn. Stem simple, soon
spreading into irregular claviform divisions, ending ob-
tusely or furcated, the whole covered with brown scales,
whitish within, which, when magnified, appear irregu-
larly margined and cellular, perhaps containing the
rudiments of brown seeds.

TAB. CCCCV.

iECIDIUIVt RUMicis.

VyOMMON in spring, in chilly damp places, on the leaves
of Runiex acutus. The specimen figured was gathered
between Battersea meadows and the hilly rise towards
the Wandsworth road. The beaut}^ if it. once attracts
the attention, is indisputable; but red and yellow in
low leaves are so usually blended with the decayed parts
of plants, that it is liable to confound usual observation.
It is often very conspicuous, and when examined closely
■will be found to have a border commencing from the
vivid green of the leaf from pale to deeper yellow
passing to full red. In the more central parts of the
rather blotched rising circles are the little cups of fructi-
fication in circular clusters sunk in the red substance,
having a somewhat regularly lacerated spreading border,
\^hitish, with, darker granulae in orderly arrangement.

TAB. ccccvr:

LYCOPERDON peduxculatu.m.

L. PEDUsrcuLATUM Lhiiu Si/st. Veg. ed. 13. 1029.
Bulliardt.29i^,^- All. With. vol. 4. A65.

TULOSTOMA BRUMALE Pcrs. Sl/H. Mctk. Futlg. JiSQ.

JliOW I happened to leave this out of the first part of
this work I cannot tell, as I liave never been in want of
specimens, either from the walls* of Hyde Park, or
from a wall near the halfway-house to Greenwich; be-
sides having received fine specimens from Norfolk long
since by favour of Dr. Sutton.

The former ones are generally like the smaller and
smoother ones figured, and have peduncles nearl}' solid
or full of pith, Avhereas in the stems of the latter ones
the pith is loose, or like a string running through a tube
— see Bulliard 471. These had, generally, roughish
cracking squama on the peduncles, Avhich expand at
the top close to the head, and some squatfia at the
bottom of the head expand opposite to them, forming
a confused and peculiar sort of neck, sometimes rer
presenting a double annulus. The peduncles of these
Avere generally of more equal thickness than in the
former, with the addition of a broad base. The stalks of
the others taper a little towards the top.

My friend Mr. A. Menzies found many specimens of a
gigantic representation, as it were, of this species at
Owhyhee, the peduncles of which are about twice as
long, and four times the thickness, with a head in pro-
portion. I think the peduncle, however, is more woody,
and the stem is sometimes truly squamose, the squama
pointing upwards. Are these sufficient distinctions to
characterize it as a species .'*

* We think there is some ttiistake in Withering's saying that it is found
in " meadows and pastures," as we never understood that it has been found
in any situation but amongst moss on walls.

THIS PRESENT NUMBER

OF THE

ENGLISH FUNGI,

DESIGNED PARTICULARLY FROM MOTIVES OF HUMANITY WITH REGARD
TO MY FELLOW CREATURES IN THIS LIFE,

I BEG LEAVE TO DEDICATE

TO THE

Rev. HUGH DAYIES, F. L. S.

OF BEAVMARES,

WHOSE KINDNESS HAS MUCH CONTRIBUTED TO ELUCIDATE IT,

AND OF WHOSE HUMANITY AND BENEVOLENCE

I HAVE HAD PLEASING EXPERIENCE:

THAT IT MAY BE ACCEPTED BY HIM AS A SINCERE TOKEN

OF THE MOST LIVELY ESTEEM AND GRATITUDE,

IS THE WISH OF HIS

HUMBLE AND FAITHFUL SERVANT,

JAMES SOWER BY.

No. 2, Mead Place, Lambeth,
Jpril 1st, 1809.

INTRODUCTION.

Since I began the Work, to Avhich I now call the present
a Supplement, much has been done in Botany, and many
new Genera have been made, especially among the Crypto-
gamia, and generally with great propriety. It is, however,
to be regretted that it is not always so, and attempts at nicer
discrimination have given room for descriptions much too
particular for certain tribes, especially the Fungi, which
vary so much that such very nice discriminators would
describe every Aariety as a distinct species, which has been
in part the case with the poisonous Agaricus Muscarius ; see
tab. 130 of this Work. I should not have spoken of it iu
this place, but for the sake of caution, and as a reason for
my not describing the species of this sportive tribe too labo-
riously. It is from the above reasons, probably, joined by
other natural circumstances, that the most exact and learned
Authors have made so many species of that so universally
acknowledged poisonous Fungus (Ag. Muscarius) in which,
at first sight, they appear to have outdone the great Linnaeus,
who did not swell his Catalogue by making varieties of this
into species, and consequently left an account of this poi-
sonous Agaric entire ; the circumstance of their now being
divided into many species, may tend to mislead and give occa-
sion to the epicure in Fungi to suppose, that only the identical
plant described by Linnaeus was to be avoided. But to de-
scribe this variable tribe, it was necessary that they should be
seen in every season and situation, tracing well the different
appearances, and taking rather a large scope as to their
general characters ; for, if we too nicely describe the most
perfect specimen, perhaps we shall never see the like again.
Thus, while it is very plentiful in a more common appearance
as the poisonous Fungus, we shall scarcely be able to recog-
nize it in another state, but think it an wholesome species.

It may also become a cruelty, to describe varieties under
different specific names, in as far as it may lead to fatal con-
sequences. In my endeavour to make my work most useful,
I had taken in, in general, such varieties only, especially of
the well-known species, as should add another example,
rather than become a counter-part of another work. For
example, of Agaricus glutinosus of Curtis's Flora Londi-
nensis, I have figured varieties found under different circum-
stances from those which he has figured, and have added
a conical variety to shew one of its extremes, and for the
useful purpose of identifying it in the state in which it was
gathered, and had nearly proved fatal to a family that had
eaten of it, (see tab. 248) as has been the case at Mitcham
in Surrey, and Christ-Church in Hants; see description.

I intend to finish models of the more particularly poison-
ous Fungi, and of those which are edible, to prevent, as far
as possible, future mistakes, for the use of the Public, and
request those who have opportunities to help in their investi-
gation, to favour me with information. I hope also that such
persons will exert themselves to make the poisonous ones
known as much as possible. Every Clergyman, Gentleman,
Physician, and Apothecary, or public character looked up to
for information, throughout the kingdom, should get ac-
quainted with them for this philanthropic purpose ; for
which, and for other useful purposes, I have long kept my
Collection open for public inspection every first and third
Tuesday in each month, from Eleven until Three o'Clock.

TAB. CCCCVII.

AGARICUS viRosus*.
i\. Glutinosus Curt. Fl. hond.
A. Semiglobatus TrUh. and Ens'. FunPi.

J_ HIS Specie?, (the same as the one cited above) may be.
equally noxious, under every form in which it may appear.
Mr. Dickson, the well-known and excellent Cryptogamist,
brought me many specimens, which my experience convinces
me belong to this species, and Avhich were the same sort that
had fatal effects at Mitcham upon those who cat of them.
Of these I haAC secured drawings, considering it of much
importance to make the species well known, and I shall there-
fore here publish an arrangement of its varieties. I know
not how some of them could be taken for Champignons, or
Avhat are commonly called Fairy Ring Funguses, which has
got them the trivial nameof 0;*Cffc?C5, (not one of the most for-
tunate as many Agarics form rings; and Mr. Bolton, who
I believe Avas the first to giAe it this title, has been still more
vinfortunate in his figure, which is as much like the poisonous
as the edible one; and if that figure had been referred to,
might account for the fatal mistakes.) I should think it pos-
sible that the English term Scotch Bonnets, the name under
Avhich the Fairy Ring Fungus appears in Ray's Synopsis,
derived from the form of the pileus, might also mislead ; but
our poisonous Agaric is seldom so formed, and is ahvays
nsore brittle than the edible one, and more varied, as I Avill
amply shew in detailing the figures. Fig. 1. has something
of the shape of the Agaricus Orcades in the pileus, but it has
some fuscous seeds on the stem, and is more varied in colour.
Fig. 2. 3. 4. 5. and 6. are Aarieties of the same, gathered at
Mitcham, on the spot, by Mr. Dickson and the man Avho
assisted in gathering those Avhich unhappily proved so fatal.
No. 7 . and 8. are some Aarieties sent me from North Wales
by the Rev. Hugh Davies, Avho obserAcd that they were like
Agaricus semiglobatus, but that the gills Avere generally on a
plane Avith the rim of the pileus. No. 9. and 10. are other
A'arieties, rather sodden, gathered at Mead Place, having
nothing by Avhich it n'.ay be distinguished as belonging to this

* I thought suc'i a name would operate as a caution, else I do not like new
names.

species, except the little claws of the larger gills. No. 1 1 .
is a still more extraordinary variety, being hollow in the
centre of the pileus. No. 12. is a variety which, under the
circumstances when found, Bulliard, tab. 84, calls Agaricus
nitens. No. 13. was called Ag. glutinosus, by Mr. Curtis,
having a glutinous pileus, and the stipes thickened with
gluten. No. 14. is the more perfect form; it is frequently
found under and agrees with the term semiglobatus. No. 15.
ff, i, c, are three lamellae, or gills, separated to shew their
usual shapes; they are nearly white, (more rarely buff,) or
snuffy brown, grey, and almost black, and sometimes have a
white dusty edge;* and the principal ones have always a
permanent membranaceous sort of claw which holds them
to the stipes (see tab. 248. ; the artist sometimes forgot to
make some of them whitish,) but when gathered, separate
very easily from the stem and seem to have been always
loose, unless very attentively exan)ined. No. IG. a small
sodden one, in such a state as to be scarcely recognizable.

Fungi grow best and most perfect, perhaps, after a wet
summer, and in dewy mornings many species may be found
covered with a substance that has a glutinous appearance,
which is totally gone at noon. The same species on a rainy
morning may be sodden and swelled without having any
glutinous appearance, but this happens most commonly late
in Autumn, when they are in a less perfect state. Frequently
the direct contrary happens. This, I presume, clearly indi-
cates much difference in the appearance of this most fuga-
cious tribe of vegetables ; and to this, in a great measure, is
undoubtedly owing that difference in the same Fungus that
makes Authors differ so widely, both in description and
opinion, as I presume the figures will point out. These from
Mitcham are all, no doubt, varieties of the same species, and
being chemically examined, exhibited similar substances ;
and as far as the little we had to make trial upon, they all
produced a gluten which is of a peculiar quality, rather
insipid to the taste at first, but after a while somewhat
strangely acrid in the throat. We intend a further exami-
nation the first opportunity. They generally grow from
horse-dung.

* This I consider as analogous to Pollen ; the seeds being in the blotches of the
gills, which I mean to examine further when opportunity occurs, something like
Tab. 3G2.

TAB. CCCCVIII.

Contains figures of other varieties of Ag. virosus, having
the lamellae or gills paler than usual. No. 1. has the annulus
or ruffle large. No. 2. with a thick stem and the annulus
darker on the side towards the gills, pileus with an umbo or
rising in the middle. No. 3. a somewhat bulbous lonff-
rooted variety : I have seen the root with fibres an inch long.
No. 4. aflat-topped variety. No. 5. with the pileus incurved
to the large annulus. ; No. 6. shrivelling as they do in slow
drying, though in quick drying they sometimes crack or turn
up. I gathered this sort in Kensington Gardens, in June
1795, and August, 1796; and I observed some boys gathering
them for Champignons or Ag. orcades, but advised them to
throw them away, lest they should eat them. In the Green
Park, about the same time, a nursery-maid, seeing me a
little curious, asked me about some of those fiffured in this
plate. I gave her, and two little ones that were with her,
the same advice; she was, however, confident in her own
opinion, that they Avere good to eat; but I had the satisfaction
to see her throw them away when at a distance from me*.

TAB. CCCCIX AND CCCCX.

tECIDIUM cancellatum.

Cancellaria Pyri.

Lycoperdon cancellatum. Jacq. Fl. Aust. t. 17.

A.FTER treating of the Fungi poisonous to the human con-
stitution, it may not be improper to say something of those
that affect vegetables and our food. This present has been
long a troublesome parasite in many places, and has been
the cause of much loss as to the trees which it attacks, as well
as in expensive and useless attempts to get rid of it. I think,
however, its very nature, like the dry rot, bespeaks an easy
cure, but easy cures do not always gain the confidence due
to them. I did not dare to give an easy receipt for the cure
of the dry-rot, till it was proved to be a good one by Lord

* Every season seems to furnish us with cogent reasons for more particularly
attending to this tribe of poisonous Fungi, as well in other countries as in this ; a
whole family in France died with eating some such Champignons as these a year or
two ago. See Phil. Mag. vol. 3 1. p. 395.

Ilcathfield, who found it succeed. I now may, therefore,
venture to give my opinion*.

By my advice, Lord HeatJifield caused proper passages for
the admission of common dry air, whicli became an effectual
cure, and, I persist in it, that where there is a certain pro-
portion of dry air, these Fungi are not to be found, but only
in those seasons when such is natural to the climate. They
indicate a certain temperature, like a thermometer, pointing
it out wlien we otherwise do not perceive it ; and we may be
assured, that a certain degree of moisture and temperature is
as necessary for the growth of the Fungus tribe, as any other.
The ancients were aware of the effects of certain winds being
more or less wholesonse ; and the architects advised the build-
ings in the streets to be placed accordingly ; and when foetid
lakes or any other reasons occurred, to avoid the ill effects
Avith what care they could.

Tab. 409. On June 1 7, 1807, John Walker, Esq. sent me
specimens of the leaves from some wall trees, at his seat at
Southgate, on the surface of which grew the present parasite.
It covered nearly in this manner a large number of trees.
The individual leaves did not appear much affected around it.
The yellow margin of the Fungus succeeding the green of the
leaves, passes into an orange-colour, on which are numerous
bluntish conical projections, often emitting from their centre
an orange substance, of a jelly-like appearance, and looking
very much like little volcanos; some seem riper, and are
nearly black, and the substance at the mouth appears de-
cayed and whitish; and from the transverse section we might
suppose them to belong to the Genus Spha^ria, the inside
filled more or less witli this substance, forming, from the
centre in the upper half of the leaf, while the cuticle and
cortex forms the orange or black conical covers; the under
side of the leaf is apparently perfect and not at all disturbed.
Mr. Walker had the leaves stripped from the trees.

* Vitriol of iron or sulphate of Iron, and other means had been used without'
success ; drying stores had also been tried, but for v.ant of caution as io the simple
means of eradicating the damps, by admitting sufficient dry air, caused it to flourish.
Some person ofTere J to prevent the evil efiects of this Fungus at half a guinea per
foot — an handsome price !

Tab. 410, On October 12, tlic same year, William
Lewis, Esq. sent me from Hendon, the leaves of a Char-
montelle pear-tree, whicli grew against an open fence, the
inclination of which was to the South-East. The upper sur-
face of these leaves contained, to all appearance, the same
parasite as above, in the older or latter state; and imme-
diately under it, as it were, the lower half of the leaf Mas
swelled into irregular protuberances, more prominent than
the conical forms on the opposite side, including in their
centres a sort of capsule, which in the more central ones ol'
the group emerges from them more than half its length, the
apex of these have a central knob or embossment, from
which a number of fdaments descend, giving it a somewhat
pyriform appearance, a line in length, forming to the base,
or being divided in peculiar lines, so as to allow seeds to
pass out, which were apparently arranged in order upon
them as upon a receptacle.

This Fungus, which grows under the leaves has been con-
sidered a distinct species ; but from these specimens it seems
scarcely doubtful that they are analogous to the dioecious
class of plants, and are of one and the same species. Those
on the upper side of the leaf might have been considered, if
alone, as a Sphaeria, but as they may belong to tbe opposite
parasite, they must be included as one dioicous species.

Monsieur De CandoUe speaks of the upper one as being in
points or spots opposite and attendant on the under one.
The peculiarities of particular Fungi will afford much enter-
tainment, but proper research would take up more agreeable
time than falls to my lot at present.

TAB. CCCCXI.

UREDO PoRRi.

X HIS pretty parasite was found on the waste part of the
leaf of a leek, toward the base, and was most conspicuous
within the leaf. It is not uncommon, and I believe does not
much hurt the growing plant. It seems to burst from under
the cuticle like other Uredos, and is composed of a number
of round, nearly transparent, light green stiped capsules,
each about lOOOdth of an inch in diameter, containing
apparently bright orange seeds.

It is somewhat remarkable that this kind of parasite grows
on living plants, whereas the Sphaeriae and many others are
more usually found on decaying or dead vegetables. I pre-
sume a little marked attention will point out the way to
avoid these evils, Avhich, if such attention be omitted, may
occasionally aggregate into a serious evil. We ought to
thank Sir Joseph Banks for his account of the Blight in Corn,
Uredo Frumenti, tab. 140. ; and his highly magnified
figures. It is a very laudable undertaking for men of for-
tune to support the more expensive elucidations in Natural
History.

We have no doubt of seeds floating in the air, notwith-
standing Dc Candollc's* argument. See Description and
Tab. 136 and tab. 318. Ilehclla mcmbranacea, which is
attached to living mosses and grasses by a thin film.

* Do.Candolle sur les champignons parasites. Annalcs du Mosoum d'Histoire
Natuiflle, tome neuvifme, 1807.

T A B. CCCCXII.

Fig. 1.

AURICULARIA elegans.

I HAVE gathered this species several times, and was
favoured in the spring of 1809 with some specimens from the
New Forest, by my friend Charles Lyell, Esq. The present
very elegant specimen, witli which I was favoured in May
last, from near Alcester, by Thomas Purton, Esq. corresponds
with all the others, and seems to confirm its title to being
considered a new species. It divaricates more or less from a
centre in larger or smaller segments of circles, with occasional
elevations, having a very white, fine woolly or cottony sur-
face, neatly bordered near the extremity, with generally one,
sometimes two black lines. The under side is brownish,
covered with a greyish bloom, corrugated nearly like the
upper side, as it is rather thin. It is sometimes imbricated
in much larger dusters than this figure, and is often more
confused.

Fig. 2.
LYCOPERDON pkrtusum.

This Lycopcrdon with which I was favoured by Dr. Smith,
was gathered by him, among moss, on the stem of a beech
in Bisham Wood, Berkshire.

It is remarkable for bursting extremely raggedly, and
having a number of holes in it, at first sight looking very
much like insects holes ; it is also generally so weak, that
it becomes almost pendant by the root.

Fis. 3.

"a

TRICHIA.

This Trichia-like parasite grew from a decaying bulb in the
parlour of Richard Cotton, Esq. in Duke Street, St. James's
Square. Perhaps its construction might warrant its being made
into a new genus. The top is a nearly crustaceous, orbicular,
dark grey envelopement, open at the under side round the
stipes ; it is lined with a softer substance inside opposite to a
ball attached to the simple dark stipes, and to which are
attached hairs in clusters, with a little swelling to cacli,
which seem to hold the seeds in the form of a black powder.
The heads are sometimes upright, and sometimes nodding.

I think it is figured by some old Author, but I cannot
recollect where.

TAB. C C C C X 1 1 1.

AGARICUS SUBCANTHARELLUS.

JL HERE seemed a necessity for figuring this perhaps
unfavourable variety of Agaricus cantharelhis. It seems to
possess most of the characters belonging to that Fungus, yet
few persons recognize it; first, because it is always poor and
thin, and next, because it has rather an unpleasant odour;
whereas Ag. cantharelhis is thick and fleshy, generally
whiter within, and of a pleasant odour; see Description and
Tab. 46. It is not uncommon in our woods in Autumn.

t^l t^ v5^ t^^ *-^^ <-^^

TAB. CCCCXIV.

AGARICUS FiBRosus.

J. HIS elegant Fungus was sent me by Miss Rackett from
Keynston wood, near Spetisbury, Dorsetshire, in the autumn
of 1808. It does not agree with any species I remember to
have seen. The stipes is cracked, showing its fibrous tex-
ture; the pileus is somewhat fibrously striated on the upper
margin; it rises to an umbo, where it is a little cracked into
small tessera ; the umbo is of a full fox colour, and becomes
delicately lighter towards the edge ; it is internally whiter.
The lamella are rather deep, partly fixed by a kind of claw,
in three or four sets, deep fox colour; stipes pale, whitest at
the top and bottom, inclining to bulbous. The blush-colour
in the crack is the commencement of decay. The speci-
mens soon became covered with Mucor, which spread over
the gills and pileus very full and finely thready, sometimes
branching, and with little ovate vesicles, all of a light fawn
colour.

K^^ 'ji^ -H^ 'h;^ '-^ *-^^

TAB. CCCCXV.

AGARICUS INCRASSATUS.

1 RECEIVED this and others of a similar description by
the same favour as the last, August 16, 1810. The stipes
is ruggedly hollow, and in some more swoln than in the
figure; the lamella rather broad and thin, and in three or
four sets. Pileus thin, more or less of a pale fawn colour.

1^1 1^^ *^^ 1^^ t^^ t^^

TAB. CCCCXVI.

AGARICUS coMPACTus.

Miss rackett gathered this in Keynston wood, Aug.
22, 1810. It seems to me distinct from every species I can

find described, I therefore take upon me to distinguish it
by a trivial name. The present figure is of the middle size,
and has the general character of the species; some of the
specimens were smaller, and some nearly twice the size.
Stem cylindrical, nearly solid and central, about half the
width of the pileus, and about twice as long as it is thick,
flecked with a warm brown as far as to where the pileus
was attached, then whiter; white and blush-coloured with-
in, probably it has sometimes a rugged or cobwebby annulus.
A few obscure brown radicles. Gills about three in the set,
scarcely fixed, pale bufi*, with a blush shade more or less
conspicuous, curving with the pileus at the margin. Pileus
bluntly bossed curving inwards at the margin, flecked with
a fine warm brown and somewhat viscous, white within,
and rather thick.

t^l L^ t^l Up-> t^* '.^^

TAB. CCCCXVII.

AGARICUS LANATUS.

I GATHERED these on the delightful Mount Edgecumbe
in August, IS 12, where I had the most elevated pleasure
I ever felt in this life, in contemplating the sublime ways of
Providence, every aspect, hill and dale, bespoke its con-
trivance, a charming lesson for mortals, that

" Nought was made in Tain, or not for admirable ends'."

It was perhaps the more felt from the chance that brought
me to Plymouth, (viz.) to inspect H. M. S. the Queen
Charlotte, with a view to ascertain, if possible, what might
be adviseable to prevent the spreading of the Fungi, &c.*
I was thus brought to ascertain a new species of t!ie Fungus
tribe; it grew on a few dead branches of a hard or rough
grown Sloe-bush, evidently roughened by its peculiar aspect
at certain seasons, and liable occasionally to premature
decay, thus becoming food for a parasite, a pretty little
Agaric with a rather solid cylindrical pithy stipes thinnest
at the top, broAvn outside with woolly fibres, lighter within:
lamella in threes, partly fixed, broadish for the size, Avhitish
brown: pileus rather thin, involute at the edges, semi-
orbicular, and thickly covered with brown tufted or pointed
bundled woolly fibres.

* I presume tliis was the era of tlie worst examples of the want of due and proper
atlention to tlie manasjement of wood: the Ship was saved by my advice, i think
much pains has since been taken by indiTiduals, I hope according with my theory,
without mistaking the principles.

TAB. CCCCXVIII.

AGARICUS BOLETIFORMIS.

ijjL HIS remarkable Fungus was found in great abundance in
Nov. 1812, chiefly on unsquared deals in a Thames Dock,
certainly unfit from its aspect for preserving wood, and I
presume the wood 'had been unseasonably committed to the
water? The Fungus is without stipes or sessile, attached
somewhat centrically or by the back, governed by the cir-
cumstances of the position of the wood, and even becomes
inverted when the wood gets turned up by the tide, as
occasionally happens. The lamellee spread from one or
more centres, or from a centrical continviing line, often
inosculating into labyrinthiform order; there are some pores
like a Boletus, generally light or dark brown. The pileus
is rather thin fibrous, corrugated or with varied segments of
circles like plush, velvet, or tufty hairs, &c. deepest brown
towards the centre, and lighter at the edges; sometimes the
edge is bordered with nearly white. The inside leathery
fibrous, of a fine Ochre or Rhubarb colour.

t^^l t^^ *-^^ "-(^ L^^ t-^-t

TAB. CCCCXIX.

BOLETUS soLiDus.

nTIPES solid, round, thickest at the base, white, partly
reticulated with fine thready veining towards the upper part,
and becoming finer and browner, with impressions of the
pores at the top, whitish inside. Pores rounding from the
stipes, or what is called loose, very deep, or thick and
massive, rather angulated. Pileus thick, roundly imbossed,
tapering at the edge, which is rather involute, somewhat
largely undulating, light brown at the top, white within,
sometimes changing to light brown the day after gathering,
changes red when cut. Gathered in Hainault Forest, Essex,
August 25, 1810.

t^^ t-^i i^-. *.^% '.^i *~^t*

TAB. CCCCXX.

BOLETUS LACTiFLuus, TFilh. 320. var. Scha>ff. 133}

Stipes irregularly cylindrical, varying at the base, some-
what flecked with brown on the lower part, yellowish up-
wards, solid. Pores rather irregular, thinly placed and
fixed to the stem, yellow or yellowish brown. Pileus broadly
embossed, chesnut-brown, extremity incurved, thin, produced

a little beyond the pore?. Odour like that of Agaricus
iilmarius; it exudes a yellowish juice from the pores when
fresh. Gathered by Miss Rackett in August, 1810.

t^^ l,5?^ Ci?-i '-(^ (,,£?-. (,i>^

T A B. CCCCXXL

BOLETUS Fusco-ALBus.

Stipes thickest at the base, with a few fibres; often
clumsy, sometimes tapering, with dark brown ruggedly
reticulated flecked sides; white or brownish beneath; inside
white, sometimes changing to brown, or even black on ex-
posure by cutting in the air, especially if in a tender state
or bruised. Pores in a thick mass, rounding from the stipes,
nearly white; single pores fine, often scarcely discernible.
Pileus rounding, rather thick, light or dark brown. The
larger specimen was gathered by Miss Rackett in Dorset-
shire, and the smaller ones I gathered in Hainault Forest,
where I saw larger ones, but not good specimens.

i^^ t^^ K^^ tt^. K^ri K^^

TAB. CCCCXXII.

BOLETUS RUGosus.

I FIRST received this species from my Friend, James
Brodie, Esq. found near Forres, and since from Miss Fan-
shaw, who has made an excellent drawing, showing pretty
tints of lilac and light purple. It is, however, chiefly
whitish and corky, solid, and the ragged parts lightish
brown, or having a scorched appearance. Ther"e rugged
parts seem to be the partly concentrating and sometimes
divaricating edges of the plant, owing to its mode of growth :
towards the base it is rudely forked, and of a dark colour,
mingled with the mould.

1^5-. K^y^ '-/5>i v^ '-^^ '-tf*^

TAB. CCCCXXIII.

BOLETUS IRREGULARIS.

jB OUND growing on pine leaves near Brodie house, by
Forres, by .James Brodie, Esq. to who=e friendship I am so
much indebted. Pore< small, shallow, and irregularly placed
in hollows under the thin, irregular, but plainer surface.
Pileus bluntly lobed, and placed one part over another,
inosculating, and forming sinuses and arches, tiles and cups,
and otherwise sportive, with some concentric ri'^ings, smooth,
not shining, some part^ downy; edges and under side fawn-
coloured.

TAB. CCCCXXIV.

BOLETUS RESUPINATUS.

J^OUND under an open shed at Battersea, August, 1804.
The singular pink coloured vermicular appearance of the
pores attracted notice, and the pileus being strongly rooted
in the ground appeared equally strange. Such pores as
were rounder were inversely tiled in order next the other?,
and the pileus was more or less interspersed with largish
holes in the whiter thicker substance. The piece at the
bottom is a little enlarged, to show the shallow, somewhat
labyrinthiform pores, and the pileus white and irregularly
thickened.

K^t <~a^ *V^ e^- <-^* td'^

TAB. CCCCXXV.

LYCOPERDON capsuliferum.

This may not strictly correspond with the Generic Charac-
ter of Lycoperdon, (oi)cning at the top, seeds fixed to fila-
ments connected with the inner coat of the Fungus or plant).
It is tlie only specimen I have seen, and was apparently
broken, yet the top appeared to be tender, and to become
naturally softer than the other parts^, as the capsules seemed
to be dissolved, losing their character and becoming powder.
It was, however, strong and very rugged, but the congeries
of seeds, if I may so call them, were enveloped or compressed
into forius laying by each other, giving a reticulated appear-
ance in some directions, being mostly rather oblong, and of a
dark brown colour. The smaller part towards the base is
of a yellowish hue, and looks like pollen bursting from some-
thing analogous to anthers, thus it reminds us of a fig, which
includes two sorts of fructification. With a very high power
the woolly seed-like appearances at Fig. d. presented them-
selves, towards the top they were least distinct, seeming more
powdery, in the middle most distinct, and below less ripe.

The late Mr. Jackson found this curious specimen on the
top of Highgate Hill, about ten Years since. I know of no
Genus that quite corresponds with this, but as in general
contour it resembles Lycoperdon, I expect it would most
likely be looked for under that title, and may remain in that
Genus for the present. It has, however, been figured under
the title Pisolithus arenarius, Fungi Niskiensis de Alberti
XVII. 82.

t^-» '^/P% \^. o;^, t(5>l '-^^

TAB. CCCCXXVI.

TUBER MoscHATUM. Bulliard.
Gathered by MissFanshaw in Nork Park, near Epsom.
As it seems to be the same as Bulliard's, and not knowing it
otherwise, I am glad to add it to the list of British Fungi.
It differs from Tuber album, E. F. 310, in being less smooth
and black, and from Tuber cibarium, E. F. 309, in being
destitute of ornamental corrugations. The cut figure shows
the seeds ripening, the darker part the seeds more ripe and
spreading over the surface.

TAB. CCCCXXVII, numbered CCCCXXV,

Fig. 1 and 2.

PEZIZA cpjspA.

XHIS specimen Avas sent from near Alcester, by Thomas
Purton, Esq. in May, 1810. Being usually found dry, it is
crumpled and crowded, so as scarcely to look like a Peziza,
but upon being wetted, naturally or otherwise, it reassumes
its proper form of a cup. It is of a dark umber brown colour,
and smoothish within ; lighter, greyer, and a little rough
outside. Grows under the epidermis on Elm, I believe.

t^ '-^1 <-^^ (^-. t4?* '-^^

TAB. CCCCXXVIII.

PEZIZA poLYMORPiiA. With. 5rc.

JSOT unusual in Autumn on stumps of Oak, solitary or
grouped, laying in damp places. It is tremulous when fresh,
pear-shaped when young, of an ochraceous brown a little
flecked, forming a concave apex, which dilates to a cup, of a
dark brown or black colour as it grpws older; it continues
to expand till it protrudes its seed, which it does from a sort
of capsule or pores, holding eight seeds each, from which
circumstance Hedw ig makes it an Octospora ; it still continues
spreading and flattening, its surface becoming more or less
wrinkled w hen it is either eaten by insects, rots or dries to a
small hard black wrinkled mass, as figured on the small
specimen,

*~^-i t^^ t^-. t^-i t^^ t^i

TAB. CCCCXXIX.

RHIZOMORPIIA iMPERiALis.

In 1806, this parasite was discovered growing in Elm pipes
at Weymouth, under rather peculiar circumstances, having
completely stopped up the pipes, and prevented the water
from passing them. It is altogether rather tough, and is
composed of a whitish pith, looking like cotton, and a rather
rugged dark brown bark or rind, which is apt to break trans-
versely at right angles, and to split longitudinally. It extends
to a great length, perhaps an hundred or more feet; Lady
M. Markham sent me a moderate sized piece, which measured
between thirty and forty feet; it is branched, the branches
being very long, irregular, and simple. It appears to differ
from any before figured, and in consequence of its magnitude
I have called it Imperialis. The Rev. W. Kirby brought me
some small pieces very similar to it, in March, 1802, from a
water-pipe that had been taken up near Westminster Bridge,
but it had scarcely any pith. The lustre of both is nearly
silky outside ; the larger branches are of the darkest brown ;
the inside of the bark rather lighter than the outside.

T A B. CCCCXXX.

RHIZOMORPHA Stokesii.

Found in the Challc at the Sand-pits at Blackheath Hill,
by Charles Stokes, Esq. in 1811. It is in flat reticulated
entangled masses, the main stems compressed, forming various
angles, and the shoots and branches nearly at right angles,
rounded, and bluntly ended. The Chalk sometimes adhere*
to the roughish or more wrinkled surface of the main branches.
The whole plant is of a dull foxy brown colour.

t(^ \^\ r^^ i^- t^i t^»»

TAB. CCCCXXX I. Fig. 1.

RHIZOMORPHA Harrimanni.

JMlAIN stems irregularly angular, brittle, bark or outside
breaking frequently at right angles, giving it a bugle neck-
lace form ; outside dull brown ; inside w^hite, cottony, tough ;
branches long, continuous, undulating. Found in the Minies
in the neighbourhood of Keswick by Mr. Crosthwaite, and
sent in July, 1806, by the Rev. J. Harriman. No fruit
discoverable.

Fig. 2.

RHIZOMORPHA variegata.

Jb OUND three feet under ground at Reading in Berks.
Stems long, round, nearly uniform in thickness; smaller
branches placed in bundles, lighter coloured than the larger
ones ; the smallest lighter still, with a silky lustre. The whole
crowded; little or no pith, and no fruit discoverable.

Fig. 3.

RHIZOMORPHA Martini

lyONSISTS of very fine rounded threads, branching in all
directions^ mostly serpentine, extremely attenuated and hair-
like, matted so as to resemble wool or cotton, or tufted hair;
brown in texture, brittle, and woody, bark-like. Mr. Martin
found this in large masses in some of the deepest Mines in
Derbyshire, and sent it from Buxton. I name it in respect-
ful commemoration of the assiduous Author of " Outlines of
the Extraneous Fossils," &c.

^3

ti^ t^> (^-. '-^J t<^ t,^

T A B. CCCCXXXII.

FIBRILLARIA vinarius.

The mouse-skin cask Byssus. Dillenius Tab. 1 . Fig. A.

Jl COULD not resist saying something more about my Tab.
.S87, Fig. 3j and recanting something of what I have said

about it, as I do not now think it belongs to Boletus hybridus,
" promoting putrefaction, dissolving and destroying the hard-
est wood." Linn, but as probably Byssus septica, which is
promoted by putrefaction, and caused by rotten hoops on
pipes of Avinc, &c. and is never white or like Dillenius, tab. 1,
fig. 9. Witlicring's variety 2 is distinct, and the proper
species growing on wine casks, and the hoops, &c. in wine
cellars, as well as in ale and beer cellars.

It is apparently composed of minute fibres, closely matted
together, and partly covered with fine dust, and grows in
masses of the size of a pea, an acorn, a walnut, or spreading,
and is in cellars or vaults, attached to the sides and cielings,
hanging in large accumulated masses of several feet wide;
scopiform, clawed, fingered, and in inosculating or fanciful
shapes. It is very tender, burns Avhen dry like touchwood.
It is of a greenish brown when small, and blacker when older
and more massive. The smaller lumps, if thrown when
fresh against any thing, stick to it.

t^i t^^ t^% <-^. '-^^ *-^^

TAB. CCCCXXXIII.

FIBRILLARIA pulverulenta.

X HIS was found three feet under ground, on rotten wood,
near Reading in Berks, in April, 1809; it appears more
compact than the last, more powdery, and of a rather redder
brown ; otherwise the fibres, when magnified, scarcely differ
from it.

TAB. CCCCXXXIV.

FIBRILLARIA corticina.

X HIS I have found on the inner and outer sides of the bark
of trees, covering it in wide, black, fibrous, cloth-like patches,
the sixth of an inch thick. Sphseria bombardica, tab. 372,
fig. 4, often accompanies it on the outside of the bark.
Kensington Gardens, Hornsey Wood, &c. in autumn.

t^^ t^^ '-(^ '-n^ ^-iPt 'y^

TAB. G C C C X XXV.

TRICHIA METEORICA.

TREMELLA METEORICA. Lwn. Gmel. 2. 14.4:6. Fersoon.

The utility of figuring this under this title will be obvious,
seeing the nature of the substance, and how it has misled,
and still may mislead, and that it may be the means of coming
to a more perfect knowledge of it. There are various Genera
among the Cryptogamia which have a mucilaginous and tre-
mulous beginning, very different from tlieir more advanced
and latter state, and these when gathered in their young
state dry and become of a horny texture as gelatinous sub-
stances do, but when suffered to arrive at maturity, not only

assume a very different appearance, so as not to be recogniz-
able, but actually assume a different chemical character.
Such are several of the Trichia;, and I suspect this to be
very nearly related to Trichia nuda, tab. 50, which I have
detected very nearly in this state in Kensington Gardens
and the Grove, Lambeth. Thus if this substance is found
and watched, perhaps a few hours or the next day may have
completed its change to such a state in which it may be
recognized; at present it appears to be beginning to form
into lengthened heads, leaving a part for the stipes, like a
very close congeries of unripened Trichia nuda, and it has
apparently surrounded stalks, leaves, &c. copiously as Trichia
nuda often does. It burns with a vegetable, and not au
animal scent, as also does Tremella nostoc, English Botany,
461. Frog-spawn, either with or without the little embryo
which has been taken for the seeds, may be detected by this
means, as when burnt it has the smell of burnt bones. My
highly esteemed and ingenious friend, the Rev. H. Davies,
has greatly elucidated this subject in Welch Botanology,
pages 115, 116, 117.

t^^ '-tf>i (^% '.^^ '-^^ t^^

TAB. CCCCXXXVI.

SPHiERIA MULTICAPSULA,

JVlR. Thomas Purton sent me this from Alcester on the 2nd
of Nov. 1810. It is in the aggregate, a flattish or conical,
somewhat spreading mass, deep brown, and a little rugged
externally : mouths of the capsules obsolete : when cut later-
ally it is very black, and the sphasrules appear crowded in
two or three irregular tiers above each other, and are about
the size of the air-vessels in the wood which are dry and black-
ish in its vicinity, and look nearly like a continuance of it,

t(^ t<S?^ i^^ f^^ :^% '-^^

TAB. CCCCXXXVI I.

SPH^RIA PEDUNcuLATA. Dicks. 4. 27.

X/R. ABBOT was so kind as to send me specimens of this
in April, 1805, from Bedford. The species comprehends
Sphffiria pcdunculata and varieties bicapitated in the usual
state of monoicous plants, either with peduncles or sessile,
besides the longer rhizomorphous looking stipes and root. I
suspect it may possibly be thought a sportive variety of Spha;ria
hypoxilon, tab, 55, as well as S. ramosa, tab. 395. One of
the specimens had a roughly tuberous base.

t<?^ «-:^ t^>> '.^^ '^^ t<^

TAB. CCCCXXXVIII.
See Tab. 420, lower figures.

SPH.ERIA FLUENS.

JVIY kind friend Ciiarles Lyell, Esq. sent me this some time
since from the New Foi-est. It seems to flow in cracks of the

bark of tree^ with <*onspicuo\isly rich yellow and orange or
reddish variegated lustre, in lengthened continuous or shorter
broken patches. V/^hen examined with a microscope it ap-
pears rising in the cracks or hollows in elongated capsules or
spherules, sometimes emitting a thick mucilaginous liquid
more copious than the capsule, and sometimes it is contracted
to dryish cups, as if it had had a seed or powder. The mag-
nified section shows this.

t^v %,tP~* t^-i t^^ t^~t t,^

TAB. €CC€XXXIX.

PUCCINIA Buxi.

UOX-HILL, so famous for the Buxus sempervirens, E. E.
i34I, produced this parasite rather plentifully. It forms under
the skin of the leaf like most Aecidiums. It has, however, only
a rugged broken border, and not any regular notches or ser-
ratures. The seed, when highly magnified, appears to be
included in numerous stiped double capsules about lOOOth of
an inch in diameter, and of an ocliraceous brown,

t^l '-^ t^>i v^ t-^ %^>

TAB. CCCCXL.

GHANULARIA yiolm.

jVIy son, J. D. C. Sowerby, who brought the last specimen
from Box-hill, brought me this from Dorking on the 11th of
August, 1814. It was the apparent cause of a very swollen
peduncle (three or four diameters bigger than usual) to the
lea^ves, now and then forming in little black looking spots
outside and within, which on examination with a magnifier
only exposed little clusters of minute spherulate granulac,
those in the centre brown, and those on the sides lighter.
These or other small parasites belong more or less to all
known plants.

t^^ (.^ *-^% ^!^ U^ t-tP^

ADDITIONAL OBSERVATION ON ^
Tab. 387, Fig. O.

1 SOMEHOW forgot to mention these three rings of colour.
In the description of that plate I noticed the commencement
of Fungus matter, and meant to show that colour in wood
sometimes preceded it; yellow perhaps oftenest, gray or
bluish next, and crimson, sometimes alone and in succession;
and that the beginning of decay in various subjects might be
thus indicated. I have, however, met with those who have
considered the first and last as indications of soundness in
wood, at the same time as it has bee» the cause of extensive
mischief and expensive loss.

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INDEX.

TAB,

TAB.

jEciDIUM fufcum

-

53

Agaricus nigricans, Bull. 312.
nitens

36
71

Agaricum nigrum retic.

-

lOI

niveus

97

Agaricus agreftis

-

48

niveus, With.

32

alliaceus

-

81

nutans

92

androfaceuSy Lin.

-

94

obfcurus, Schaff. 74 ?

77

androfaceus, Bull.

-

95

odorus

42

annularius

-

101

palmatus

62

aureus

-

77

parvus

45

bombycinus, Schaff. 9S.

I

peronatus

37

brevipes. Bull. 521. f. 2. 76

huccinalis - - 1 07

canefcens, Batfch. - 97

Cantharelloides - 47

Cantharellus - 46

cafeus - - 61

cepajlipes - - 2

ceraceus - - 20

cervinus - - 108

Chamxleon - 82

Chantarellus - 46

clavaeformis, Schaff. 307. 32

clypeolafius - J 4

collinitus - - 9

Colus? - - 33

comprejjiis - - 66

congregatus, 5o//, 140. loi

contiguus - - 56

cretaceus - 2

crinitus - - 103

eroceus - - - 19

cumulatus, ^f^///^. 164. 101

cufpidatus, Bolt. 66, 33

cburneus - 32

echinatus - "99

elephantinus - 36

ericeus - - 32

Fibula - - 45

filamentofus - 77

jlabelltformis - 1 09

jlavidus - - 96

flavidus, Schaff. 35. 77

fragrans - - 10

fufco-pallidus, 5(?//. 136. lOi

glutinojus - 7

gracilis - - 48

lanthinus ? - 72

lachrymabundus - 41

lateralis - - 109

I at us - - 108

leoninus, Schaff. 48. ic8

liniacinus - - 8

limacinus, Dickf. - 7

Lijleri - - 104

lividus - - io8

longipes - - 48

luteus - - 2

melleus, Bolt. 141. loi

mollis - - g8

murinaceus ^ - 106

phaiopodius,5«//. 532. f. 2. 66

pileolarius - - 61

plumbeus, Schaff. 85 & 86. r

pfittacinus - - 82

pullus, Schaff. 250. 48

purpurafcens ? - 72

radicatus - - 48

rofeus - - 72

Rotula - - 95

rutilus - - 105

fanguineus - 43

fcrobiculatus - 103

femipetiolatus - 109

feflilis - "97

fplendens - - 48

Squamula ~ " 93

Jlipitis - - 10 1

flypticus - - 109

fubinvolutus - 61

julphureus - 44

tener - - 33

terreus - - 76

tigrinus - - 68

torminofus - 1 03

trilobus, ^0//. 38. - I

turbinatus - 102

vaccinus, Sf/^if^. 25 101

vaginatus - I

velatus " " 7

virgineus - 32

ulmarius - 67

Umbraculum - 48

volvaceus - l

urens, £«//. 528. f. I. 81

Xerampelinus - 31

Auricularia ferruginea - 26

Nicotiana - 25

reflex a - - 27

tahacina - 25

Boletus aurantiacus - no

aureus, Sf/;'-*'^. 115. - 34

csefarius, Schaff. i^j. - 34

Calceolus ? - 89

edulis - - 1 1 1

elegans, 5a//. 76. - 89

elegans, Bull. 360 ? 89

ferrugineus, Sf^^^. 126. 34

flavo-rufus, Schaff. 123. 34

frondofus - - 87

hepaticus - • 58

INDEX.

TAB.

TAB.

Boletus imhrlcatus

-

86

Lycoperdon epidendrum

-

52

lacJyrymans

-

113

hydrophorum

-

23

lateralis, Bolt. 83.

-

89

recolhgens

-

80

mefentericus, Schaff.

247

86

ftellatum, Schaff. J

8r.

80

numiniilarius

89

Merulius androfaceus

-

94

piperatus

-

3+

buccinalis

-

107

procerus ?

-

no

cantharellus

-

46

ramofiffimus, Schaff.

128

coUariatus

-

95

& 129.

-

86

fost'idus

-

21

ramoGffimus, Schaff.

127.

87

purpureus, With, i

52.

74

ulmarlus

88

Squamtila

-

93

Cellularia cyathiformis

•

91

Nidularia campanulata

-

28

Clathrus denudatus

-

49

lavis

-

30

nudus

-

5°

flriata

-

29

turbinatus

_

85

Pezlza acetabulum

-

59

Clavaria aculeiformis

•

40

bicolor

_

17

cornea

-

40

Calyculus

-

116

cornuta

-

55

campanulata

-

28

cylindrica

-

90

cellularia

-

91

digitata

-

69

cerea

-

3

ferruginea

-

84

cinerea

-

64

hypoxylon

-

55

coccinea

-

78

militaris

-

fco

cochleata

-

5

ophioglojfoides

-

83

comitialis

-

iiS

* phojphorea

-

100

cornucopoides

-

74

Spathula

-

35

crucibuliformis, Schaff. 1

79 30

Elvella auricula, Schaff. 156.

79

epidendra

-

13

ciliata, Schaff. 284.

-

24

fructigena

-

117

clavata, Sc;6^^. \A,C).DichJ.

f.i.

hirfuta, Schaff. 178.

29

t. 19.

-

35

hydrophora

-

23

cornucopia, Schaff. 1

67.

38

lentifera

-

28

hifpida, Schaff. 167.

38

leporina

-

79

hypocrateriformis,5'rA<f^i

52.38

marginata

-

16

infundibuliformis, Schaff.

277-3

nivea

-

65

monT^ceWz, Schaff. 16

2.

39

ochroleuca

-

"5

nigricans, Schaff. 154.

39

ollaris, Schaff. 18 1.

30

ochroleuca, Schaff. 274.

4

radiculata

-

114

pallida, Schaff. 282.

-

39

Jcutellata

-

24

pixidata, Schaff. 80.

.

4

fericea, Schaff. 180.

28

punftata, Schaff. 166

74

Jlercoraria

.

18

tubseformis, Schaff. i

56.

47

Jipitata

-

38

Fungus niger compreffus

100

flriata

-

29

Helvetia agaricijormis

-

57

tuberofa

-

63

cantharelloides

-

47

veficulofa

-

4

coccinea, Bolt. 100.

-

78

Phall

IS efculentus

_

51

crifpa

-

75

Rctkularia hcmifpharica. Bull.

t. 446. 12

efculenta

.

5'

ftnuofa. Bull. t. 446

,

6

feritoria, Bolt. 97.

-

35

Rhizomorpha fragilis

-

100

fforifonnis

-

75

Spharia acuta

-

119

gelatinofa

-

70

digitata

-

69

^Mitra

-

39

hypoxylon

.

55

Relhani

-

II

militaris

_

60

rubiginofa

-

26

punBata

-

54

fpatulata

-

35

tentaculata

-

120

Himantia umbrina

-

100

truncata, Bolt. 127. f.

2.

54

Hydnum Daviefft

-

15

Trich

ia axifera

50

imbricatum

-.

73

denudata

-

49

Juhlamellojum

-

112

nuda

-

50

Lycoperdon anemones

-

53

turbinata

-

«5

carpalolus

-

22

typhoides

-

50

*

The

fynonyms

are all erroneous.

INDEX

SECOND VOLUiME.

TAB.

^GARICUS acuminatus

- 131

AgaricLis moUiufculus

albellus

122

7nurinus

alneus

- 183

mufcarius L,inn.

amethyjlinus

- 187

obloletus

araneofus

- 223

vpacus

aromat'icus

- 144

orcades With.

hetulmus

- 182

ovatus

bulhofus

- 130

pallidus

caulicinalis

- ^65

papilionaccus

caefarius

202

picaceus

chirurgorum

- 132

pilojus

ciliaris

- 131

pratcnfis Hudf.

cinnamomcus

- 205

procerus

clypeolarius

- 171

proliferus

clypeatus Lhm.

222

polygrummus

coccineus

- 197

qucrc'inus

columbarius

- 161

j'caher

compreffus

172

fejunSlus

coTtfluens

- 168

Jemiovatus

cojfus

121

femiputris

crajjipes

129

Jpinipcs

cylindricus

- 189

Jlriatus

dealhatus

123

fublanalus

deliciofus

303

lubpurpurafcens

dryopbyllus

- 127

litubans

dulcis

204

turfofus

elafticus

129

varius

elixus

- 172

vinofus

farinaccus

- 208

I'iolaccus

Jlmetarius

- 188

violaceus

fimetariiis Curt.

- 189

zonarius

jiaccidus

- 185

zylophilus

fafcus

- 203

Auricularia caryophyllea

fufipes

- 139

pulverulenta

geophyllus

124

Boletus albidus

galcr'iculalus

- 165

a'.bus

glaucopus

- 223

angujlatus

glutinofus

144

betulinus

glutinofus Curt.

221

biennis

helveolus

- 131

bovinus

hinnuhus

T^Ti

carpineus

hyhr'tdus

231

communis

impuher

125

flabelliformis

infundibuliformis

- 186

fomentarius

inodorus

- 124

igniarius

integer

201

impuher

laccatus

- 208

lucidus

lad'tfluus

204

obliquatus

lobatus

- 186

^ pelloporus

meleagris

- 171

perennis

millus

- 184

pfeudo-igniarius

mtniatus

141

radiatus

mollis Bull.

- ^^5

ramofiis

TAB.

174
162
130
223
143
127
188

H3

131

170
164
137
190
169
222
181
207

12(5

131

131

206

166

334
223
128
210
232
204
209
22'3
203
167
213
214
236
227
193

191

231
225
231

133
133

195
134
134
330
192

196
U5

INDEX.

TAB.

Boletus refupinatus

19.5

Lycoperdonyor?z2V^/a;«

rugofus

134

fragile

falicinus

227

radiaium

fangiiineus

225

Mucor fphaerocephalus F. Scot.

fcabcr

175

Namofpora chryfofperma

Jin no jus

194

Nidul "

lana niinuta

Ipumeus

211

Peziza albida

Juaveolens

228

argil la cea

fulphurcus

ns

aurea

verficolor

229

chryfocoma

ungulatus

132

citrina

Clathrus fphasrocephalus Ticlh.

240

hij'pida

Clavaria anthocephala

156

hydnoides

ardcnia

215

laniiginofa

Jujiform'is

234

melajioma

gracilis

232

papillaria

laciniala

158

llipitata

viufcoides

157

Reticula multicapfula

phacorhiza

'^i'h

fegetum

piftillaris

235

Sphaeria cerrhata

rugofa

235

clavata

tiiberofa

199

compojita

Cyathus minulus

239

decomponens

Diderma globofa

240

dccorlicata

vcrnicofum

239

deprejfa

HelvcUa aurea

150

fraxinea

caryophyllea

213

hypotrichoides

fuliginofa

154

lichenij'orinis

hyhrida

238

nivea

pannofa

T^SS

papillofa ^

infmidihuliformis

^bZ

Saturnus

Horfehair-u(nea

200

Tnc\\\2.fpba-rocephala

Hydnnm repanduvi

176

minuta

Hypoxyllon cirrliatum

138

poly7)iorpha

loculiferum

200

Variolaria punctata

nummularium

-i^H

\JxtAofrumenti

Lycopcrdon acariforme

146

hngijjima

TAB.
198
136

240
237
239
H7
148
150
153

147
178

'47
149

177

154
179

139

i3«
159
237
217

137
216
160
200
220
219
235
218
240

239
180
216
140

139

INDEX.

PL. FIG.

PL. 1 IC

jpCIDIUM Bcrberid

CarJui

is

397 5 Agaricus

Jloccofus

-.

2S4

398 5

fulvus

-

286

Chenopodii

*

398 9

fufcefccns

-

261

conjluens

-

397 6

fufcipes

-

344

Corni

-

397 3

Georgii

-

304

eornulum.

-

319

gigiuifeus

-

244

Fragaria

-

398 s

glutinofus

-

248

laceratum

-

318

gramniopodiu!

s

3S1

MenthiS

-

398 3

graveolens

-

281

Ranimculi

-

397 4

horizontalis

-

341

Rhe't

-

398 6

Hypni

-

282

Rubi

-

398 I

imperialis

-

286

Salic'is

-

398 4

imrnatus

-

342

Tragopoginis

-

397 «

laftifluus-acris

245

Tujjllaginis

-

397 I

Lijeri

-

345

Agaricus acetahulofus

-

303

Lycoperdonoides

383

acicula

-

28a

maculatus

-

285

acris

-

345

niicaceus

-

261

adonis

385 2,3

momentaneus

262

aruginofus

-

264-

monjlrofus

-

283

appendiculatUi

324

muralis

-

322

apfUcatus

-

301

mufcarius

-

286

araneofus

-

384 I

nigripes

-

363

aurantius

-

381

oreades

-

247

bulbofus

-

386

ojlreatus

-

241

campejlris

-

305

pallidus

-

365

carnofus

-

246

parajiticus

-

343

ohirurgorum

-

358

ptlipes

-

249

citrinus

-

286

planus

-

363

conchatus

-

241

plicatiUs

-

364

tongregatus

-

261

plombe

-

345

cortlcalis

-

343

plumbeus

286

245

croceus

-

381

pratenjis

-

247

dentatus

-

381

pubejcens

-

331

fafciadarls

-

285

Pnella

-

286

flammeus

-

381

fumilus

-

385 4

fiavidus

-

361?

puftulatus

~

286

INDEX.

PL.

FIG

PL. 1

FIG

Agarlciis quercinus

-

358

Boletus

fquaimfus

266

qucrneus

-

358

Juberoj'us

288

racemofui

-

387

terrejlris

- 387

5

rimofus

-

323

variegatus

- 368

rufus

-

3^3

'uelut'mus

345

femiglohatus

-

248

verficolor

368,387

7

fericeus

-

3^3

villofus

- 345

fetufus

-

30a

unicolor

325

Jord'idus

-

363

Botritis

parafitica

340,359

Jlercorarius

-

263

Byffus

phofphorea

350

fqamofus

-

284

fulva

-

tenuis

-

3^

5

Clathrus recutitus

259

tentaculum

-

385

I

ater

259

tomentofus

-

263

Clavarla acuta -

333

tremulus

-

243

byjfoides

335

tubicformls

-

383

caccmea

294

'jelutipes

263, 384

3

corralloides

278

verrucofus

-

386

epiphilla

- 293

vulpinus

-

361

farinofa

- 308

ulmarius

-

384

2

JUiformis

- 3'^7

4

Afcobolus furfuraceus

-

389

3 to

6

Herculanea

277

Auricularia aurantiaca

-

291

herbarum

353

cinerea

-

388

3

lignofa

383

corrugata

-

290

minuta

391

lavis

-

388

3

obiufa

334

papyrirui

-

349

phalloides

293

perjipns

-

388

I

pillillaris

253

phofpborea

-

350

polymorpha

276

tremelloides

290

vermiculata

253

Eoktus annularis

-

265

Dematium articulatum

400

8

arloreus

-

34^

Farinaria alba

379

2

Fibula

-

387

8

aurantiaca

- 360

3

flavis

-

265

hrunnea

- 379

4

beterod'Uus

-

367

carbonaria

- 39^

4

bybrtdus

289;

387

6

lanata

- 379

5

latus

-

387

9

Poa

- 396

6

hiridus

-

250

poviacta

- 379

I

luieus

-

265

rofea

- 360

3

medulla-panis

325

ScabiofiS

- 396

2

polymorphus

266

feminaria

- 360

I

rangiferinus

365

fparfa

- 380

3

ruheolarius

-

350

fpharoidea

- 39«>

3

fpongiofus

-

345

Stellarue

- 396

I

I N D E J^.

PL.

FIG.

PL, FIG,

Peziza trenielloides

390

Splijeria ccrticir

372 3

tricolor

3^9

6

crujlacea

372 II

Phallus caniiuis

■ii'^

curvirajira

373 5

Jcelidus

329

deufta

33^

impudicus

329

difj'uja

373 10

inodorus

3i°

duhia

375 7

Puccinia minuta

400

10

duplex

375 4

Riibi

400

9

ellipfofpenna ? -

372 3

JuhJeffiUs

400

II

emerfa

372 10

Ramaria ceratoides

38^

Jloriformis

397

Reticularia alha

280

fragifurmis

255

caniof.i

399

3

fuliginofa

373 9

cerea

399

4

fufca

395 3

horlenfis

399

I

fufco-marginata

394 I

lutea

399

2

Gnomon

373 6

Lycoperdon

372

granulofa

355

Rhizomorpha dichotoma

398

gregaria

375 5

hybrida

392

I

gutta

393 5

patens

393

I

Hedera

371 5

patens var.

392

3

hirfuta

38^ 3

fpinofa

299

immerfa

374 I

Sclerotium lacunofum

287

infidens

372 12

Spliffiria acarijormts

354

irregularis

374 9

acintformis

371

Kirbii

37i 3

acuminata

394

3

lavis

394 5

jirbuti

370

6

Lauri

37^ 4

Arundinacea

336

Lichenoides

373 i2

afper

372

6

longa

393 4

aurea

i5^

Lonitera

393 6

Betulina

371

6

Lycoperdoides

271

lifrons

316

macula

373 II

hombardica

372

4

maculans

394 9

BraJJlca

393

3

marginata L

372 7

brevis

394

4

maxima

338

carpina

376

minuiijfimei

370 I

ci liar is

339

mori

255

cinerea

373

II

multiceps

394 8

circumvallata -

373

4

nidula

394 2

claviformis

337

nigra

393 I

collapja

373

3

nitida

275

tommunis

295

oblonga

374 7

concava

3^7

cjiracia

375 9

eonvergens

374

6

parallela

374 4

toriacea

371

I

farajitica

386 2

Corni

370

5

perforata

372 3

tcrgna

393

7

picea

374 5

INDEX.

PL. FIG,

PL. FIG.

Farinarla fidphurca

379 3

L)'copc

rdon pyrl forme .

33a

Trifolii

39^ 7

fpadiceum

3'i

varia

39^ 5

ftellatum

312 ,

xcrampclina

380 I

tuber

309

Fibrillaria ramrjfijjima

387 2

variolofum

271

Jlellata

387 I

ulriforme

33^

Fungus coriaceus quertiaus

Merulius membranaceus

340

haMTiatodes

358

Monilia rofea

378 11

Helvella arugimj'a

347

Mucor

Botritis

359

equina

35 i

cbryfofpermus

378 n

membranacea -

348

Eryjiyni

400 7

re ti ruga

348

Jenugineus

378 10

Hydnum aunfcalpium -

267

fulva

400 4

barha-Jovis

328

fulvus

378 8

corralloides

253

fufdpcs

378 3

mcmbranaceum

3^7

glaucus

378 9

ramofuni

253

lignifragus

378 14

Hypoxylon clavatum

337

Mucedo

378 5,5,7

oftreaciuni

37.5 9

quernea

378 12

uftulatum

338

rofeus

378 n

Hyfterium nigrum

373 3

trichoides

373 I,2,+

Lycoperdon ardofiaceum

331

urceolatus

300

auratitiacum

268

Oak Leather

358

Bo-ji/la

331

Teziza Abbotiana

389 8

Bovifta

332

araneofa

369 5

cepaforme

33^

bicolor var.

369 1

cervinum

269

cartilaginea

369 a

coelatum

333

cyathoidea

369 4

coliforme

313

domejlica

351

defojfum

3"

equina

352

echiniform't!

400 I

ere£la

36910,11

epidendrum

400 2,

3

hybrida

369 I

equinum

293

immerfa

359 9

excipuliforme -

33«

inflexa

306

fuliginofum

357

muralis

25 1

fufcum

272

niger

369 8

giganteum

331

nigra

307

globofum

33^

pedicellaia

369 4

gran'iformis

270

rimofa

369 12

lacunofum

333

rugofa

369 3

maximum

332

feJfiUs

389 1

phalloides

390

Jlercorar'ia

389 3fi

proteus

332

fuhdiaphana

389 7

INDEX.

PL.

FIG

■

PL. ]

FIG

Sphffiria Tift

"*

393

8

Sphaeria fupercruftacea

-

375

2

Popull

-

374

a

Taxi

-

394

6

PoteiitilU

-

370

a

terreftris

-

373

7

profufa

-

377

Tofieldia

-

370

3

Pteridis

-

394

10

tuberculofa

-

374

8

punElata

-

375

6

tuberofa

-

393

2

punBum

-

373

9

Vaccinil

-

373

I

pujlula

-

375

I

viridis

-

375

8

pujlulata

-

370

4

Ulmaria

-

374

3

ramofa

-

395

I

Sphserocarpus ficoides

-

279

reEla

w

394

7

fragilis

279

reptans

-

395

a

Piriformis

-

400

6

rlmofa

-

375

3

femitrichoides

-

400

5

Rubiformis

*

373

3

_ /#/ix

-

258

rupeftr'ts

-

371

3

Spumaria mucilago

-

280

Salicina

-

37*

I

Tremella corrugata

-

390

fanguinea

-

254

Trichia alba

-

259

fcopula

-

386

4

nutans

.

360

folida

-

314

Tuber album

-

310

fphitiElerica

-

386

I

cibarium

-

309

fplculifera

-

274

folidum

-

3"

flercoraria

-

257

Variolaria corrugata

-

373

3

fubconftuens

«

370

7

Uredo aurea

-

320

fubcortkalis

-

396

Rofa

-

398

8

fubimmerfa

-

373

8

SpirCit

-

398

7

fuhfecreta

-

373

8

Thlafpi

-

340

fulcata

-

315

Xyloftroma giganteum

-

358

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