(| eS 7 JUNE 1953 Washington, D.C FISH and WILDLIFE SERVICE United States Department of the Interior . Vol. 15, No.6 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE DOUGLAS McKAY, SECRETARY JOHN L. FARLEY, DIRECTOR COMMEREIA A review of developments and news of the fishery industries prepared in the BRANCH OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES A. W. Anderson, Editor F. F. Johnson, Associate Editor J. Pileggi and J. J. O'Brien, Assistant Editors Mailed free to members of the fishery and allied industries. Address correspond- ence and requests to the: Director, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington 25, D. C. Publication of material from sources outside the Service is not an endorsement. The Service is not responsible for the accuracy of facts, views, or opinions contained in material from outside sources. Although the contents of this publication have not been copyrighted and may be re- printed freely, reference to the source will be appreciated. The printing of this publication has been approved by the Director of the Bureau of the Budget, November 5, 1952. CONTENTS COVER: WOMEN AND BOY IN THAILAND CATCHING FISH BY MEANS OF PLUNGE BASKETS. THE BASKETS HAVE OPENINGS AT- THE BOTTOM AND THE TOP, AND ARE THRUST INTO THE WATER TO TRAP THE FISH WHICH ARE THEN REMOVED BY HAND. !NCREASED PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF FISH ARE THE BEST WAYS FOR OVERCOMING THE GENERAL LACK OF PROTEIN IN THE DIET OF FAR EASTERN POPULATIONS, ACCORDING TO EXPERTS OF THE FOOD AND AGRI - CULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS (FAO). FAO SENT A FISH-CULTURE EXPERT TO THAILAND TO TRAIN AND AS- SIST THAI TECHNICIANS IN IMPROVING AND DEVELOPING THE INLAND FISHERIES RESOURCES OF THEIR COUNTRY. PAGE CONSTRUCTION DETAILS OF TUNA LONG-LINE GEAR USED BY PACIFIC OCEANIC FISHERY INVES@ TIGATIONS, BY EDWIN Le. NISKA cecccrocorerccercrorerercscccsescrero cosccsearascrcreccces 1 OYSTER GROWTH AS AFFECTED BY LATITUDINAL TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS, BY PHILIP A. BUTLER e+e. 7 * 2 * & * R PAGE PAGE RESEARCH IN SERVICE LABORATORIES .ececeeee 13 J TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS (conTD.): TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS: ceeccccrocceeerce 16 NORTH PACIFIC EXPLORATORY FISHERY PROGRAM: CALIFORNIA: JOHN N. COBB TO STUDY NORTH PACIFIC N. B. SCOFIELD STUDIES TUNA IN EASTERN SALMON IN OFFSHORE WATERS (CRUISE NO. PACIFIC (CRUISE NO. 1 OF 1953) ...... 16 1G) s clere cinrsre eicaicioneisleielete ele el tele teleleToeiete Teel TUNA TAGGING BY N. B. SCOFIELD LIMITED PACIFIC COAST HALIBUT FISHERY eescceccee 2/7 BY POOR FISHING CONDITIONS ..ecceooee- 19 PACIFIC OCEANIC FISHERY INVESTIGATIONS: N. B. SCOFIELD TO EXPLORE SHRIMP AND SEA-WATER CHANGES STUDIED BY CHARLES H. BOTMOMMRISHBGROUNDS: crjtesre «/cleisretalereieiers 120) GILBERT) (CRUISE NOs. 9) seeeeh eaten emmSe TUNA TAGGING CONTINUED .ccecccesceoeee 20 PROPOSALS AGAIN INVITED FOR LEASE OF SPAWNING SARDINE AND ANCHOVY ABUNDANCE AMERICAN SAMOA FISH CANNERY coeoscroeee 30 STUDIED BY YELLOWFIN (CRUISE NO. 4 OF SERVICE EXPERT TO AID INDONESIAN FISHER- ICES) Ir omonpoGbooe cobodbocoeouoBaccdDD, io VESWIPROGRAM) cyciseieieiolalsieleots sicletereintolcietetelelatemmmel METAL CANS--SHIPMENTS FOR FISHERY PROD- U.S. CANNED PACKS OF SELECTED FISHERY UCTS, JANUARY-MARCH 1953 .cccscseseree 22 PRODUCTS, 1952: DR. JOHN L. KASK RESIGNS AS FISH AND ANGHOVINESuicpleisvelsteloleleioleicleleleleyointoleteVerstafeh stam WILDLIFE SERVICE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR .. 22 SHAD cidicio crnisiclninere ce croton eve oletoleterletenetetel Retest MARYLAND'S SOFT=SHELL CLAM FISHERY DE- CLAMS AND CLAM PRODUCTS ccecescesseeee 33 VEU OPINGHBAS Tim celeleleleiersleletelclelelefsiafererelsi-helemm ae GRABHMEAT) cnleisloilelcleleicterelcletslolelolelotelelelel=KeleimmSa. MICHIGAN'S GREAT LAKES COMMERCIAL FISH SHRIUMPisicle caveat oleieueleteleleicieleletevclerctotoletslet-VetemmS PRODUCTION, 1952 soscrcverecceessssres 23 SPECIALTY FISHERY PRODUCTS .ecoceeeees 30 NORTH ATLANTIC FISHERY INVESTIGATIONS: U.S. & ALASKA PRODUCTION OF MARINE=ANI - HADDOCK EGGS AND LARVAE COLLECTED BY MAL FISH SCRAP, MEAL, AND OIL, 1952: ALBATROSS I11 (CRUISE NO. 48) .e.e+2- 25 SCRAPLANDIMEAIE cic) «ie cielerelereleleleleialelsieietatelolommncy HADDOCK ESCAPEMENT THROUGH VARIOUS OV nodougemabooodaucaoocouddocoocces. | ss PARTS OF TRAWL NETS STUDIED BY ALBA= WHOLESAILED PRINCES oloveleiielevelsieteloleteleletetotretetalaimrSe) TROSS LL (CRUISE NO. 49) weccrececoe 26 |FOREIGN: wccccecorcrcrororercrcrcroreroees 41 ALBATROSS I11 DISCOVERS JELLYFISH PRO- INTERNATIONAL: TECT HADDOCK FRY (CRUISE NO. 50) .... 26 WORLD WHALE= AND SPERM-O|L PRODUCTION DEGINIINES HIN) 11953)! cijeiselefoleiclolcieisie/*/eierelalsr=iii—ul CONTENTS CONTINUED ON PAGE 83 ] irl (tm June 1953 Washington 25, D.C. Vol.15 , No.6 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS OF TUNA LONG-LINE GEAR USED BY PACIFIC OCEANIC FISHERY INVESTIGATIONS _By Edwin L. Niska* INTRODUCTION This is a description of the long-line gear used at present by the Pacific Oceanic Fishery Investigations (POFI) to capture tunas in the central Pacific. The basic design is that employed by Japanese and Hawaiian fishermen (June 1950, Shapiro 1950), modified for ease of operation and standardization of component parts. In the past POFI has used different types of long-line gear (Murphy and Shomura ms.), and we anticipate that the design will be further changed in the future. The gear described in this report is, however, a thoroughly tested and practical gear for catching tunas and marlins up to several hundred pounds in size. The basic unit of gear is the "basket," so called because it was originally stored in a split bamboo basket. This unit consists of a main line with a support- ing float line at one end, and bearing six branch lines, each with a single hook, MATERIALS AND COSTS The following list of materials contains all the items that are necessary to make up one basket of POFI long=line gear: Item Quantity Cost Seine twine, cotton, No. 261 thread, hard lay ....... 23.4 lbs. $23.00 Preservative--"Net Life" or copper napthenate ....... 3 gallon 60 "Sekiyama," prefabricated No. 8 thread, Irish Linen, 12 strands, ,22 £0.) long. ..2..