A COMPARISON OF OCEANIC PARAMETERS
DURING UPWELLING OFF THE
CENTRAL COAST OF CALIFORNIA

by

Arthur Bishop Shepard

United States
Naval Postqraduate Scf

T TCP* C~~i T

A COMPARISON OF OCEANIC PARAMETERS DURING
UPWELLING OFF THE CENTRAL COAST OF CALIFORNIA

by

Arthur Bishop Shepard

September 1970

Tlvu> document Wom been cjppKovzd {^on. pabtlc *iz-
1<lga<l and i>cJL<L', aX6 dit>&Ubu£Lon am untimiXzd,

14

UAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
MONTEREY, CALIF. 93940

A Comparison of Oceanic Parameters During
Upwelling off the Central Coast of California

by

Arthur Bishop Shepard

Lieutenant, United States Coast Guard

B.S., United States Coast Guard Academy, 1963

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of

MASTER OF SCIENCE IN OCEANOGRAPHY

from the

NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
September 1970

LIBRARY

NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOD

MONTEREY, CALIF. 93940

ABSTRACT

An examination of the region between Monterey Bay and San Francisco
Bay, California was conducted from 29 April to 5 May 1970 to study the
effects of upwelling on the Central California, coastal region. Six
parameters: temperature, phosphate, beam transmission for light, chloro-
phyll a, Coulter particle size distributions , and oxygen were observed
at eighty-five stations from the surface to 100 m in the cruise area. The
data gathered are presented in the form of horizontal contours and profiles
which indicate: (1) Almost the entire surface layer was saturated with
respect to oxygen. (2) there were four areas, at the northern and
southern ends of Monterey Bay, off Point Montara, and west of the entrance
to San Francisco Bay, which exhibited high values of chlorophyll a, oxygen,
and particle count, for correspondingly low phosphate values and low beam
transmission. (3) These productive areas are inshore, generally within
5-10 miles of the coast. (4) A peak in the size distribution of particles
was evident in the productive surface layers, within the observable range

of particle diameters (1.59 to 32.0 (j) . (5) Plots of oxygen versus

Ug-at/1 P04

phosphate showed that similar slopes of about -3.1 r-j\ — were ob-

mi/1 0„

served for inshore and offshore regions. The inshore regions exhibited
higher phosphate values for a given value of oxygen which is probably a
result of upwelling. (6) There was a fair correlation between beam trans-
mittance and particle count. High values of beam transmittance were gen-
erally associated with low total Coulter count, e.g., 90fo/m and 6000
counts per 2 ml. Conversely, low values of beam transmittance. were
associated with high particle counts, for example 5%/m and 85,000 counts
per 2 ml.

tabu: of contents

i. introduction 9

a. environmental factors 9

b. background 13

1. Phosphate 13

2. Dissolved Oxygen 14

3. Chlorophyll a 14

4. Beam Transmittance 15

5. Particulates 18

6. Temperature 20

7. Upwelling

C. OBJECTIVE 21

II. OBSERVATIONAL PROCEDURES 23

A. STATION LOCATIONS 23

B. DATA COLLECTION 23

C. INSTRUMENTATION 26

1. Beam Transmissometer 26

2. Sound Velocity-Temperature-Depth Probe 26

3. Fluorometer 26

4. Particle Counter 26

III. DATA ANALYSIS 28

A. INTRODUCTION 28

B. METHODS OF ANALYSIS 28

1. Horizontal Contours 28

2. Vertical Contours 36

3. Graphical Comparisons 39

3

IV. CONCLUSIONS 49

V. SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH 51

APPENDIX - Bathythermograph Traces 203

BIBLIOGRAPHY 208

INITIAL DISTRIBUTION LIST . 210

FORM DD 1473 217

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

I Station Data: Location, Time, Depth, Weatner, 125
Sound Velocity, Temperature, Transmittance ,

Oxygen , Chlorophyll , and Phosphate

II Particle Size Distributions 169

r

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

1 Arrangement of SV/T/D Probe and Beam Transmissometer . 17

2 Cruise Track Showing Station Locations 24

3 Locations of CALCOFI and KPS Stations in

Monterey Bay 33

4 Particle Size Distribution Observed at Station

1-1 at 100 m 40

5 Particle Size Distributions observed at Station

A-6 in Monterey Bay, from 0-100 m 42

6 Chlorophyll a as a Function of Oxygen 43

7 Total Particle Count as a Function of Beam
Transmittance 45

8 Beam Transmittance as a Function of

Chlorophyll a 46

9 Oxygen as a Function of Phosphate 48

10-39 Horizontal Contours for 0, 10, 20, 40, and 75 m
Depths for Chlorophyll a, Oxygen, Total Particle
Count, Phosphate, Temperature, and Beam
Transmittance 53-82

40-81 Vertical Profiles of Chlorophyll a, Oxygen,

Total Particle Count, Phosphate, Temperature,

and Beam Transmittance 83-124

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

At this point the author desires to express his deep gratitude to
those who have made this project possible. First and foremost, I want
to thank Stevens P. Tucker, who helped initiate this study while he was
a member of the teaching faculty (1968-1970) and who aided and encouraged
me throughout, for his enthusiasm and willingness to provide assistance
at any time. Secondly, I wish to thank Professor Eugene C. Haderlie, my
faculty thesis advisor, for his help and understanding. My thanks are
also extended to the Pacific Support Group of the U. S. Naval Oceanographic
Office and to the captain and members of the crew of the USNS BARTLETT
(T-AGOR-13). There were many others who helped, but without the aid of
the members of my section, LCDR Sexton, LCDR Lynch, LCDR Jensen, LCDR
Wunderly, LT Drennan, LT McKay, and LT Chandler, who voluntarily assisted
in the data gathering portion of the study, it would have been impossible
to complete the eighty-five stations in six days. Finally to my wife,
Sharon, who cheerfully assisted, spending long, tedious hours copying
data and typing, and who accepted the neglect of the author during the
preparation of this report.

I. INTRODUCTION

A. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Our knowledge of the ocean depends on sampling and collecting data
over a period of time and is based on composite pictures of regions of
interest. The upwelling areas of the world are of particular interest
because of the high productivity associated with them, and because
existing or proposed waste disposal sites are located in some of these
regions. An estimated one-half of the world's supply of fish comes from
upwelling regions, even though the total surface area involved is but
one-half of one percent of the total surface area of the oceans. This
can be explained in terms of the food chain, that is, the number of steps
from photosynthetic phytoplankton, through grazers, to the ultimate con-
sumer. Due to both the colonial habits and the large size of phytoplankton
in upwelling areas, food chains in such regions tend to be shorter than
where there is no upwelling [19].

Production of a standing crop of phytoplankton in upwelling areas is
limited to the surface layers, where there is a favorable total concen-
tration of nutrients, which for phosphate, for example, can be as low as
1.0 pg-at/1 and still permit vigorous growth. Since photosynthesis is
limited to the euphotic zone, that region for which the intensity of
light is greater than approximately one percent of that incident on the
surface, productivity is light-limited as well as nutrient- limited . The
availability of light in the euphotic zone depends on three principal
factors: productivity, land runoff (which contributes particulates and
disolved organic matter), and, in regions adjacent to densely populated
metropolitan centers, waste discharge. Of the three factors, both runoff

and productivity are natural features of a region normally not subject
to control. Waste discharge however can be controlled.

The problem of waste disposal by dilution in the ocean, a practice
commonly followed in coastal regions, is becoming more and more acute.
With increasing population growth, present disposal methods are proving
to be inadequate to handle the increasing quantities of waste which are
being generated. Generally the ocean has been considered a great sump
into which wastes can be pumped with no danger.

Experience has shown that dilution of wastes pumped into the sea is
in fact much less than expected. Attempts have been made to design out-
falls and diffuser systems to minimize the adverse effects of such disposal
It nevertheless remains to be seen what will be the short and long term
effects of the enormous volume of wastes (1.4 billion gallons per day)
expected by the year 2000 on the coastal waters of central California.
As Smith [21] points out: "If waste is to be pumped into the sea off
coasts where upwelling is prevalent, it is apparent that adequate
scientific knowledge of the upwelling process is needed".

Of the world's fish supply not associated with upwelling areas, i.e.
approximately one half of the total supply, almost the entire quantity is
to be found in the shallow regions of the continental shelves where waste
disposal is a more apparent problem. Nutrients in these regions are sup-
plied to the euphotic zone by runoff from the land and by other hydro-
graphic features like turbulence and convection. Turbulence tends to
homogenize the water mass and thus distribute dissolved nutrients to
considerable depths.

For maximum phytoplankton production turbulence must be followed by
a stratification or stabilization of the water mass to allow phytoplankton
to remain in the euphotic zone [22, p. 941]. Thus turbulence as well as

10

upwelling raise the level of nutrients at the surface; indeed, one-half

of the phosphate enrichment of surface waters off Peru, for example , appears

to be due to turbulence and the other half to upwelling [21].

Thorade in 1909 postulated that the anomalously cold water along the
California coast was due to upwelling. He showed that vertical advection
of deep water was needed to replace surface water transported offshore
by the northerly winds paralleling the coast, which, because of the
Coriolis effect, causes a net transport in a direction 90 to the right
of the wind. This was the first application of Ekman's Theory [21].

Skogsberg [20] was the first to treat the oceanographic climate of
the Monterey Bay region as being divided into three distinct seasonal
phases, namely the cold and warm water phases and the low thermal gradient
phase. These three features were later referred to and described by Bolin
[A] as the Upwelling Period, the Oceanic Period, and the Davidson Current
Period .

The Upwelling Period is initiated by the change in the surface winds
of January and February to a generally northerly flow paralleling the
coast. Water is transported away from the coast and replaced by deeper
water advected vertically upward from depths probably not exceeding 200
meters according to Sverdrup [22]. This period is characterized by: the
lowest surface temperatures in the annual cycle; salinity values which
rise to the high point of the year and are followed by a subsequent decline
and a strong vertical temperature gradient of more than 1 C per 16 m.

The steady northerly winds of spring become intermittant in late
summer and provide interruptions in the coastal upwelling, which allow
the cold dense water to sink, causing convergences. Warm inshore surface
water flowing offshore and an inflow of oceanic surface water to replace

11

the sinking, denser water establish a sharp thermocline in the first few
meters. The Oceanic Period is characterized by surface temperatures as
much as 2-3 C higher than the peak temperatures during the upwelling
season, by a continuation of the strong vertical gradient established
during the period of upwelling, and also by calm conditions which con-
stitute a transformation between the northerly winds of the Upwelling
Period and the southerly winds of the Davidson Current period. The
influx of oceanic surface water, the rise in the surface water tempera-
tures, and the decrease in nutrient levels due to a lack of upwelling,
lead to a decrease in the productivity of the local phytoplankton . With
the influx of oceanic surface water a number of offshore phytoplanktonic
species are brought into the Monterey Bay region, an environment more
fertile than the open ocean but less fertile than during the height of
upwelling. The inoculum finds conditions for growth more favorable than
normal and multiplies, increasing the diversity of forms in the coastal
water. Therefore, a progressive reduction in the productivity for the
area is checked. Thus, although initial local populations may require
highly fertile waters, subsequent oceanic inputs are able to subsist at
lower nutrient levels, and an average supply of plants is maintained for
the grazers in the area. In their study of the marine climate of central
coastal California Bolin and Abbott noted that if upwelling is inter-
mittant, plankton volumes are high, and if upwelling is steady, plankton
volumes are lower [3].

After the calm of the Oceanic Period the winds become southerly in
November. The Coriolis effect causes a shoreward transport of water and
an accumulation of low density water along the coast. This has two pri-
mary effects on the California coastal environment. A current is formed
as a result of the piling up of light waters , which parallels and reinforces

12

the wind driven current; sinking of the surface waters occurs, and
relatively isothermal conditions are established to a considerable
depth. The Davidson Current period lasts until February and provides
the only sharp climatic change in the cycle. Its onset is characterized
by an abrupt decline in surface temperature.

B. BACKGROUND

In general the distribution of oceanic parameters in the study
region is complicated by vertical advection, entrainment, biologic
activity, and, near the entrance to the San Francisco tidal prism,
brackish discharge during the upwelling period. Of particular interest
is the altering of the individual physical and chemical properties,
especially in the first 100 meters, during this period.

1 . Phosphate

Phosphate increases with depth to a maximum that corresponds to
the oxygen minimum. The lowest values generally are found at the sur-
face, where the usual concentration at mid- lat itudes is of the order of
0.2 ^-at/1 [21], In the California coastal region phosphate concen-
tration changes in an abrupt manner in the late winter and spring. The
suddenness of the change can be attributed to upwelling of nutrient
enriched water into the surface layers , which replenishes the water
depleted in phosphates throughout the fall and early winter. The
abundance of nutrients in the euphotic zone is a stimulus for growth
of phytoplankton , and patchy areas of productivity become evident,
further complicating the analysis of observations. Measurements of
phosphorous in the form of phosphate conducted off the central California
coast by the California Cooperative Fisheries Investigations (CALCOFI) in
July 1950 indicate values of 2 - 2 . 5 |jg-at/l to be present at 100 m [5].

13

2 . Dissolved Oxygen

Oxygen is generally at or above saturation at the surface, due to
aeration and photosynthesis, but decreases in concentration with depth to
a minimum at some intermediate depth. The saturation value of oxygen
depends upon both salinity and temperature. The latter is the dominant
factor off the central California coast. Since oxygen is replaced in the
surface layers and is consumed throughout a water column by respiration
and decay, the subsurface waters tend to be low in dissolved oxygen. When
upwelling occurs, such oxygen- low waters are brought to the surface and
are typically undersaturated . Park, Pattullo, and Wyatt observed values
of dissolved oxygen concentration to be 60 - 70$> of saturation during up-
welling off the Oregon coast [15].

During upwelling, a fair correlation may be observed, though generally
not at the surface, between oxygen and temperature. Pytkowicz [16] showed
correlations between oxygen and inorganic phosphate for Oregon coastal
waters and suggested that a subsurface oxygen maximum is formed as a
result of the summer upwelling, when the rate of escape of oxygen exceeds
its rate of production by photosynthesis.

A subsurface oxygen maximum was observed by Stefansson and Richards
in the same coastal region and was attributed, not to photosynthesis, but
to a sinking along isentropic surfaces of water which had been enriched
previously by photosynthesis nearer shore. They also noted a good
statistical correlation between dissolved oxygen and density, except in
the upper layers .

3 . Chlorophyll a

Chlorophyll a is perhaps the most important of the plant pigments,
and observations of the concentrations of chlorophyll a can give indi-
cations of the production of phytoplankton . In the first ten meters

14

chlorophyll a undergoes greater diurnal changes than any other plant
pigment, which indicates that it is more quickly synthesized and decom-
posed. Concentrations which were up to five times greater at midnight
than at noon were observed, for example, in East Sound, Washington, a
stratified inlet with little exchange [25]. Ramsey [17] on the basis of
tests of the remote sensing of ocean color indicated that definite changes
in the spectrum of the upward flux from the sea occur with varying
chlorophyll content . An aircraft has been used as a platform for the
TRW spectrometer in the analysis of the backscattered light from the
sun and sky and the highest percentage of the backscattered light was
observed in the green portion of the spectrum [6]. This spectral peak
was compared to concentrations of chlorophyll measured with a continuous
reading Turner fluormeter.

Yentsch and Scagel [25] agree with Sverdrup, Johnson, and Flemming
[23, 25]: For primary productivity to take place a certain degree of
stability must be reached in a water column, since pigment synthesis or
decomposition depends on the duration of exposure to, as well as on, the
intensity of light.

4 . Beam Transmittance

The primary task of optical oceanography is to find out which
ingredients in sea water are optically active and to study scattering
together with absorption in order to understand the propagation of light
in an oceanic medium [9, p. 1]. Scattering in the sea is primarily what
may be described as Mie scattering, that is scattering due to particles
and living organisms having sizes of the same order of magnitude as the

The TRW spectrometer is an electro-optical sensor of the off-plane Ebert
type with a spectral range of 400 to 700 nm and a spectral resolution of
5 to 7.5 nrn .

15

wave length of light [7]. For large suspended particles the intensity
of light scattering according to the Mie theory is predominantly in the
forward direction. Scattering of light by highly filtered sea water,
however, may be considered as being similar to scattering by pure water,
a problem of molecular or Rayleigh scattering, since there is no notice-
able effect from the various solutes [7, p. 22, 53]. Rayleigh scattering
is a maximum in the forward and backward direction and a minimum in the
plane at right angles to the incident light. Absorption, on the other
hand, can be attributed to suspended particulate matter as well as to
solutes .

A beam transmissometer is used to measure the total beam attenu-
ation coefficient, c, which may be represented as the sum, c = a + b,
where a is defined as the total absorption coefficient, and b is defined
as the total scattering coefficient. In a beam transmissometer a light
source which emits a collimated beam of light is housed at one end of
the instrument, and a detector is housed at the other end of a fixed
path- length to receive the parallel rays.

The beam transmissometer may be used in situ with a depth sensing
device to record transmittance as a function of depth (Figure 1). Beam
transmiss ometers may be used with scattering meters to study two con-
stituents of sea water, namely particles and "yellow substance". The
oceanographic interest in the distribution of these components is

The total beam attenuation coefficient c (= a 4- b) is given by

c = - (l/l)dl/dx, where I is the radiant flux incident on a thin layer

of thickness dx normal to the beam and dl is the radiant flux lost to the

beam due to the effects of scattering and absorption. If this equation

is integrated, I(x) =I(0)e"cx, where I(x) is the radiant flux of the beam

at a distance x in the direction of propagation from a point where the

flux has the value 1(0). Normally x is taken to be 1 m, so that 1(1) = l(0)e"

The transmittance per meter, T, is then defined as the ratio T = l(l)/l(0) = e

Sometimes the term "beam attenuation", A, is used. It is related to the

transmittance: T + A = 1.

-c

16

NOT TO SCALE

SV/T/D PROBE

BEAM TRANSMISSOMETER

Figure 1

17

dictated by the desire to find suitable parameters to characterize water
masses [9, p. 155]. "Yellow substance" is a collective name for dis-
solved organic substances probably formed from carbohydrates and amino
acids. The yellowish end product is fairly stable in sea water and is
found in coastal areas and regions of upwelling. An inverse proportion-
ality seems to exist between the decomposition of chloroplastic pigments
and the production of the yellow absorbing substances. This relationship
indicates that yellow substance may be a derivative of protein carriers
coupled to the chlorophyll chromophores [24],
5 . Particulates

The optical properties of a water mass to the extent they differ
from those for pure water are largely due to dissolved matter and sus-
pended particulates [9, p. 1]. A determination of particulate concen-
trations may be accomplished by weighing. Size distribution and total
counts may be determined either with a microscope or electronically, for
example with a Coulter counter, which measures the diameter or the volume
of particles suspended in an electrolyte. The Coulter counter provides a
rapid means of analyzing a particulate sample, and satisfactory results
can be obtained as long as the particles to be counted are not less than
about 1.5$ of the aperture size [8].

Measurements by Yeske and Waer [26] indicated that approximately
96$ of the suspended particles in Monterey Bay were less than 8.5 [j.
Labyak [11] found that approximately 90$ of the particles affecting
beam transmittance in the coastal region between Monterey and San
Francisco Bays were less than 12 [i in diameter. Baker [1], who examined
the same region as Labyak, concluded that 74$ of all particles examined
had a diameter less than 6.2 (j. However, the total counts observed in these
studies were extremely low when compared with the results obtained for

18

the May 1970 cruise. Therefore, for purposes of comparison, examples of
counts for turbid, intermediate, and clear waters were sought. The

following are examples of particle counts per milliliter of sample for

1 3

a threshold size of 1.0 p.: Bahama Banks — 50-70 x 10 ; Sargasso Sea

3
surface water — 12-20 x 10 ; Sargasso Sea deep water (below the mixed

layer)— 3-8 x 103 [8].

Suspended particles, either organic or inorganic, affect light

attenuation; for example, heavy concentrations of particulate matter

diminish the vertical extent of the euphotic zone. During upwelling

high particle counts and low transmissivity are to be expected. Joseph

[10] has pointed out the need for more measurements of beam attenuation

in upwelling waters. A good relationship between suspended matter and

chlorinity has been noted by Manheim [12], who found a gradual and

linear decrease in the concentration of suspended matter with increasing

chlorinity. This suggests that initial concentrations are being diluted

with sea water as they progress seaward. A general trend has been

observed toward decreasing numbers of particulates with increasing depth

and distance from the coast, which can be altered by tidal and wind

driven currents, local winds, land runoff, mixing, and upwelling.

Changing particulate concentrations can leave areas of patchiness

in the sea and can make observations based on single observations at fixed

points misleading. Turbulence can alter near-bottom particulate distributions

When referring to particulate counts with the Coulter counter, the word
"threshold" is used to refer to a size range into which particulates can
be separated electronically after the instrument is calibrated with
particles of a known size. Hereafter, "threshold setting" will refer to
that channel number or equivalent spherical diameter from which reliable
counts (free of background noise) can be obtained; e.g. channel 13 which
corresponds to an equivalent spherical diameter of 1.59 \A.

19

Thus, clouds of particles are frequently encountered at levels 10 to
50 m above the bottom [9].
6. Temperature

In order to appreciate more fully the impact of upwelling on the
climate of the central California coastal region it is necessary to note
that the yearly average offshore surface temperature of the Pacific Ocean
for the latitude of Monterey Bay is 21 C, while the average annual surface
temperature for the Bay is approximately 13 C. The annual range of sur-
face water temperatures is less for regions where summer upwelling occurs.
Thus, along the western coast of the United States the annual range of
surface water temperatures is less than 3 C, while west of the California
current the range exceeds 7 C [21].

The suppression of surface water temperatures due to upwelling
contributes to differential heating and increases the atmospheric pres-
sure gradient and associated winds. It can be seen, therefore, that
through depression of sea surface temperatures upwelling strengthens the
diurnal sea breeze and brings cool, moist air inland [21],

Examination of vertical temperature sections from offshore to
the coast shows marked horizontal and vertical gradients and sharply
ascending isotherms. According to Stefansson and Richards [22] in a
study of the Washington and Oregon coastal region during upwelling, the
temperature structure is formed as cold, originally deep, water mixes
upward in a stepwise fashion, the ascending water mixing with the over-
lying warmer water.

There is an indication that upwelling follows certain routes in
Monterey Bay, along the axis of the Monterey Submarine Canyon, and that
strong upwelling along the upper reaches of the canyon lowers the surface
temperatures over and adjacent to this feature during the spring and
summer [3 ] .

20

Upwelling can be expected in areas where there is a divergence of
surface flow. On the western coasts of continents, for example, during
certain periods when the winds parallel the coast and blow equatorward,
a characteristic single-sided divergence occurs, which transports light
surface waters offshore. To maintain continuity, dense, cold, oxygen-
poor, and nutrient-enriched waters are advected vertically from inter-
mediate depths. The anomalies produced by the upwelled waters impinging
on the surface layers are evident as strong horizontal gradients of
physical and chemical properties, which normally only have marked vertical
gradients. The California coastal region represents such a situation and
is characterized by a narrow strip of cold water which exerts a strong
effect on the climate of the region. Surface anomalies may be used as
indicators of upwelling, but the mere presence of anomalies does not
necessarily indicate the existence of upwelling. Similar effects have
been caused temporarily by wind mixing or baroclinic adjustment of the
density field associated with an increase in the geostrophic transport
of a current. Persistence of the indicators, however, is probably
possible only with upwelling [21].

The vertical advection of denser waters to the surface leads to
a change in the distribution of mass, and, as the upwelled water accumu-
lates along the coast, a current is established that flows in the
direction of the wind along the coast to the south [23, p. 501].

C . OBJECTIVE

The objective of the present study is to examine the effects of
upwelling on a central California coastal region, to compare the observed
data to that obtained earlier, and finally to compare the various indivi-
dual parameters observed. Achievement of these objectives was thought to

21

be best accomplished by a close examination of the region which includes
the area between Monterey and San Francisco Bays. The region, still
highly productive inshore, once supported a large fishing fleet, which
moved to other areas when the sardines disappeared.

The constancy of climate in the area encourages population growth
and tourism. The increased numbers of people represent an ever increasing
demand on the coastal communities for waste disposal. The coastal com-
munities of central California can be divided into two types: a highly
industrial megalopolis to the north and a suburban and rural area to the
south .

The area is affected by the flow of the largest river system in
California, which empites into San Francisco Bay and is subsequently
discharged into the sea. The region has been previously examined by
Labyak [11] and Baker [1], whose data, especially Labyak's for May 1969,
was hoped to be useful in establishing comparisons.

Comparisons were made between the physical and chemical variables
observed during the cruise, which lasted from 29 April to 5 May 1970.
The observed ranges for these parameters were large due in part to
several significant plankton blooms which were observed.

22

II. OBSERVATIONAL PROCEDURES

A. STATION LOCATIONS

Station data were collected during the period 29 April - 5 May 1970
aboard the USNS BARTLETT (T-AGOR-13). The area under investigation, the
coastal region between Monterey Bay and San Francisco Bay, is presented
in Figure 2 along with the locations of the eighty-five stations occupied.
The position, the time, and the weather conditions at each station are
presented in Table I. The stations in this coastal region were chosen
to cover approximately the same areas and stations covered by Baker [1]
and Labyak [11] in order to increase the data available for this important
region. Station lines were occupied in alphabetical order starting with
station A-l in Monterey Bay and ending with station M-7 to the south of
the entrance to San Francisco Bay. Stations within a given station line
were occupied in numerical order. Station positions were determined by
radar, loran, and visual means to within an accuracy of from 0.5 to 1.0
nmi.

B. DATA COLLECTION

Three hydrographic casts were made at each station. On the first
cast, the beam transmissometer and the sound velocity/temperature/depth
probe (SV/T/D) were arranged to allow the beam transmissometer to pass
through essentially undisturbed water (Figure 1). Variations of tempera-
ture, transmissivity , and sound velocity as functions of depth were
observed on both the down and up portions of each cast. The readings
recorded here, however, are from the down cast only, because both the
probe and transmissometer were allowed to remain for some time at a given
depth and allowed to equillibrate .

23

(13
o
o

C

o

■U
CO

W)
C

•r-l

o

CO

o

H

<u
en

•r-l

24

Continuous readings observed on the up cast provided insight into
the structure of the water column, but the readings were consistently
lower than for the down cast due to lack of time to reach equillibration
and due to the passage of the instrument through disturbed water. The
transmissivity record was examined to determine optimum depths for
locations of sample bottles on the second cast. Expendable and mechanical
BT's were taken at various stations to check the calibration of the
SV/T/D probe.

On the second cast water samples were collected with Nansen bottles
without reversing thermometers and were divided into five groups: (1)
250 ml for oxygen analysis, (2) 100 ml for phosphate analysis, (3) 320
ml for salinity determination, (4) 120 ml for particulate analysis, and
(5) the remainder for chlorophyll a determination. The oxygen and
phosphate analyses were performed aboard the BARTLETT. The particulate
samples were placed in 120 ml polyethylene bottles to which 3 ml of
Lugol's iodine solution was added by means of an automatic syringe.
The samples for chlorophyll a determinations were filtered through a
Whatman GF/C glass fiber filter on which a small amount of MgC0„ had been
placed. The filter papers were folded in half with the filtrate on the
inside to prevent loss, hermetically sealed in plastic bags, and immedi-
ately frozen.

The third cast was made with a bottom sampler [11] to collect near
bottom water samples for particulate, phosphate, and salinity analyses.

The formula for Lugol's iodine solution is: 1 g I and 3 g KI per 300 ml
distilled water. The resulting solution is filtered through 0.22 \j.
Millipore filters and stored in a dark bottle.

25

C. INSTRUMENTATION

1 . Beam Transmissometer

Throughout the cruise observations of light transmissivity were
obtained by means of a Marine Advisors Model C-2 beam transmissometer
(alpha-meter). This instrument is the same one used by Labyak [11] and
Baker [1] and is similar to the one described by Yeske and Waer [26].
A tungsten lamp was used as the light source, and the optical pass-band
was determined by a combination of Wratten 61 and Schott BG-18 filters
which also eliminated wavelengths in the infrared during air calibration.

2 . Sound Velocity-Temperature-Depth Probe

A Ramsey Engineering Company MK- 1 Deep Sea sound velocity-temperature'
depth (SV/T/D) probe was used at practically every station during the cruise.
The instrument is described by Labyak [11].

3 . Fluorometer

A Turner Model 111 fluorometer was used in the analysis for
chlorophyll a. The fluorometer was used with a blue Corning CS.5-60 primary
and a red Corning CS.2-64 secondary filter.

4. Particle Counter

Analysis for particulate matter in the sea water samples was
accomplished using a Model T Coulter counter to size the particles
electrically. The counter separates particle sizes into fourteen size
ranges or channels. The data output is on paper tape and is presented
in four different modes: differential population, cumulative population,
differential volume, and cumulative volume.

To calibrate the counter 3.49 \i polyvinyltoluene latex spheres
were used. The calibration adjustment is set to give equal counts in
two adjacent channels, so that the peak in the particle size distribution
of the standard spheres occurs at the division between the two channels.

26

The location of the peak of the calibration standard and the aperture
size determine the range of sizes which can be counted. The aperture size
is most important, as it determines an absolute upper bound of particle
diameters. In practice the lower bound results from electrical noise.
The overall effective range of the counter for a 100 \j. orifice, as it was
used, was from 1.59 [1 to 32.0 [i, corresponding to channels 13 to 0. Noise
in channel 14, at the small size end of the range, prevented its use.

A proportionality constant can be computed to convert directly

from a number of counts observed for a specific size range or channel

3

number to an actual volume of particles in cubic microns (p. ), which were

drawn through the aperture:

where :

k = constant of proportionality

3

V, = differential volume (u. )
d

P, = differential population

D = equivalent spherical diameter for the channel ()_i) .

It is to be emphasized that, the particulates suspended in the sea
are not regularly shaped and that sizes obtained with the Coulter counter
or any such counter at best furnish "signatures" which are representative
of the approximate particle volumes.

27

III. DATA ANALYSIS

A. INTRODUCTION

The distributions of temperature, phosphate, chlorophyll a, beam
transmittance , oxygen, and suspended particulate matter , during upwelling
off the California coast were studied in some detail. Of the observable
oceanic parameters, temperature and salinity normally provide the best
indication of upwelling in an area. Cold, saline, deep water which wells
upward is easily detected. In the absence of either temperature or
salinity data combinations of pairs of the above parameters, i.e., beam
transmittance and particulate count, or oxygen and phosphate, may also be
helpful in characterizing a water mass. Therefore to describe the region
the observed data were plotted, and contours were drawn in vertical and
horizontal sections for the six parameters listed above, using continuity
of flow of the associated pairs of parameters as a check.

B. DESCRIPTIVE TECHNIQUES

1 . Horizontal Contours

Horizontal layers at 0, 10, 20, 40, and 75 m were considered.
The first four depths were chosen to coincide with and to allow com-
parisons with Labyak's data. The fifth level was chosen as 75 m rather
than Labyak's 61 m in order to arrive at a better picture of the deeper,
near-bottom waters. The parameters temperature, phosphate, beam trans-
mittance, oxygen, particulates, and chlorophyll a_, will be presented in
this order, and each will be examined from the surface to 75 m.

The greatest horizontal gradients for all parameters occur at the
surface. Predominant features occur in the surface layers at the southern
end of Monterey Bay and off Point Pinos , in the northern end of the Bay

28

near Santa Cruz, in an area approximately 10 nm off Point Montara
parallel to the coast, and west of the entrance to San Francisco Bay
(Figures 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35).

The surface temperature section (Figure 30) shows the character-
istic packed isotherms which are indicative of upwelling. The greatest
horizontal gradient for the entire cruise, 0.2 5 C/nmi,was observed off
Pigeon Point on roughly the same line of bearing as station line I. As
successive levels are examined, it is seen that temperature increases
with increasing distance from the coast and decreases with increasing
depth. A predominant feature of the shallow, northern, inshore portion
of Monterey Bay, in the region of stations A-10 through A-12, is its
essentially isothermal water. The shallow water - the stations are
within the 30 meter contour - responds quickly to solar heating, but
there is no evidence of replenishment at depth with colder waters. This
fact has been explained by Bolin and Abbott [3] as follows: In Monterey
Bay colder water is welled upward to the surface and, in certain places,
previously upwelled water may remain in local areas close to shore as
circular eddies on the surface, particularly at the northern and southern
ends of the Bay, and under these conditions solar heating raises the
temperature of the body.

Examination of the phosphate contours (Figures 25 to 29) shows
that there was a general decrease of fertile waters in the seaward
direction due to the strong coastal upwelling experienced in the inshore
regions. Anomalies in distribution, or patchiness, are probably due to
high productivity, which depletes the supplies of nutrients in the euphotic
zone. Such patchiness is to be expected of a non-conservative element in
sea water. Phosphates exhibited an increase with depth, but no noticeable,

29

disproportionate increases were detected under areas of high productivity
due to an increase of organic material which could be converted to
phosphates through oxidization in situ of the detital material.

Beam transmittance contours for the layers 0 to 75 m (Figures
35 to 39) displayed the effects of coastal turbidity, runoff, and high
productivity. Monterey Bay proved to be the most turbid region in the
study area, which agrees with the observations made by Labyak during the
same period. Values of light transmission were generally less than 30^/m
for most of the Bay stations between the surface and 20 m, indicating the
effects of the shallowness of inshore regions and of productivity. The
40 and 75 m contours showed that it is advection of water with high values
of transmittance into the Bay at those depths, especially that water which
travels over the Monterey Canyon where entrainment of sediments caused by
the turbulent advection is not a factor, which contributes to the increased
transmissivity of the waters.

Farther to the north, in the area around the entrance to San
Francisco Bay, the effects of a flood tide and the resulting tidal
currents on light transmission may be seen on the surface chart near
stations M-2 and M-3 to the west of the entrance to the Bay (Figure 35).
According to the tidal current chart for San Francisco Bay, the current
at a point 5 miles west of the entrance of the bay is to the east (into
the bay) and has a value of 0.8 knot one hour after maximum flood; two
hours after maximum flood the current direction and set are 090 and 0.5
knot respectively; three hours after maximum flood the direction changes
to east-southeast and is reduced to 0.2 knot.

Station M-2 was occupied from 2320 to 2340 on 4 May 1970; and
station M-3 was occupied from 0045 to 0102 on 5 May. The flood tide for

30

the Bay was a maximum at 2224 on 4 May; therefore, the tidal currents
transport less turbid surface waters in toward the tidal prism, reducing
the plume effect at the Bay entrance. It was expected that the waters in
the vicinity of these stations (M-2 and M-3) would influence primarily
the first few meters of the surface, because the Bay discharge is less
dense, due to river outflow, and would spread out over the surface. The
plots indicate this to be true, and show increased transmissivity at the
10 and 20 m levels.

Transmissivity contours at 10, 20, 40 and 7 5 m in the region
between Point Montara and Pigeon Point show a tongue of upwelled water
of high transmissivity (Figures 36 to 39). This water below one of the
most productive areas in the study exhibits increased light transmission
with depth and to seaward.

It was on the contour plots for oxygen (Figures 15 to 19) that the
four distinct areas, namely the northern and southern ends of Monterey Bay,
the region between Point Montara and Pigeon Point approximately ten kilo-
meters offshore, and the area west of the entrance to San Francisco Bay,
were most noticeable. The regions above are "anomalous" in that they
show high saturated values of dissolved oxygen for a given salinity and
temperature. The positions of these areas coincide well with regions
having relatively warm surface temperatures, which indicates there is no
impingement of upwelling on these surface layers. The result is a more
stable stratum in which phytoplankton may achieve maximum exposure to
light and accelerate photosynthesis into bloom conditions.

The surface regions around Point Ano Nuevo and on the axis of the
Monterey Canyon approximately eight miles from shore provide examples of
"good" agreement of temperature and oxygen, that is, low temperature and

31

low oxygen. The stations off Point Ano Nuevo show for oxygen an
increase, then the expected decrease with depth. The "anomalous"
increase in dissolved oxygen at ten meters may be attributed to the
mixing and entrainment of photosynthetically enriched water.

Although salinity data are not yet available from the April-May
1970 cruise, the ten year mean value of 33.50$ [5] was assumed to hold
for the entire region and the percentage saturation of oxygen for the
waters in the four areas of special interest was computed. The maximum
values observed were at stations 1-5, K-2, K-3 and K-4; these values of
dissolved oxygen, all above 10 ml/1, gave corresponding saturation values
between 173 and \19'p. At the northern end of Monterey Bay and in the
Santa Cruz region a percent saturation of from 115 to 139$ was calculated.
The southern end of the Bay and the Point Pinos region exhibited values
ranging from 118 to 154$. Finally, in the region encompassing stations
L-3 through M-2 to the west of the entrance of San Francisco Bay the
percent saturation values were between 135 and 152/b. These may be con-
trasted with the value of saturation for the surface water off Point Ano
Nuevo, which was at 81$ of saturation.

The rather high concentrations for dissolved oxygen agree with
concurrent, independent observations of oxygen made on CALCOFI cruises
on 29 April and 8 May 1970. The levels of dissolved oxygen determined
during the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations cruise
are shown in Figure 3 alongside the circles which mark the CALCOFI station
locations. The NPS stations closest to these are indicated by crosses,
and the values of dissolved oxygen are shown within parenthesis.

Examination of the tabulated oxygen data reveals a subsurface
oxygen maximum for 56$ of the stations. The existence of the maximum

32

5

122 00'

o
36
50 '

o
36
IiO1

5
121 50 »

5o5o

o5

(7.13)
+ (5.92) O 7.72

+ (6.2h)

t5l
+ (6.1,6)

(6.L1)

+• +(7o23)

O 7o23

+(6.3U)

o
122 00'

o CALC0FI
+ UPS

121 50'

o

36
50'

o
36

FIGURE 3. Location of CALCOFI and NPS Stations in Monterey Bay,

33

is in agreement with the findings of Pytkowicz [16] and of Stefansson
and Richards [22]. However it is evident, even though no sigma-t data
is yet available, that the origin of this oxygen maximum, especially in
the inshore regions, is due to a higher rate of escape than productivity
in the surface layers.

When the horizontal contours of total particulate count per 2 ml
sample for the present cruise are compared to those of Labyak [11] for
May 1969, it is apparent that not only were the maximum counts greater
for the 1970 cruise, but also the areas of observed maximum counts were
more numerous .

The present contours suggest that there are regions of high counts
The positions of four of these correspond to the regions of high chloro-
phyll and dissolved oxygen. The surface layer at the southern end of
Monterey Bay exhibits lower total counts than any of the other four
locations, but a comparison of the same regions at a depth of 10 m shows
an increase with depth for the Bay station while for the others, counts
decreased with depth. For the fifth area, the surface waters in the
vicinity of Point Ano Nuevo, there was a high particulate count, which
is assumed to be localized upwelling impinging on the surface. Also, low
temperatures, oxygen poor waters and high values of chlorophyll were
present near Point Ano Nuevo. The area does not appear to have been a
previously localized photosynthetically productive area which had been
overturned because of the high values of phosphate which would have had
to have been depleted by photosynthesis.

Labyak [11] observed two areas of particulate maxima: a) a
relatively large region between the entrance to San Francisco Bay and
Pigeon Point, the greatest seaward extent of which was approximately

34

25 nmi,and b) a localized offshore area in the vicinity of Point Ano
Nuevo of approximate dimensions 5 x 10 nmi . The observations he con-
ducted in the Monterey Bay region indicated low particle counts. Since
the counts observed were roughly two orders of magnitude lower than those
obtained in the present study, a plausible explanation was sought. A
comparison was made of the areas of particulate maxima off Point Montara
which occurred in 1969 as well as 1970. Because of the large difference
between Labyak's data and that for April-May 1970, it was decided to
reanalyze some of the particulate samples taken on Labyak's cruise with
the Model T Coulter counter to establish a better comparison between the
two sets of data.

Selected samples from the observed maxima at Labyak's stations
N-8, N-9, and N-10, where counts of approximately 5000 were reported,
were reanalyzed. The samples had been sealed and stored for more than
a year and a large concentration of particles was observed in each
analysis as follows: optically, physically, in the number of blockages

that resulted, and electronically, in the high cumulative count which

3
ranged from 83-114 x 10 .

If the number of particles is assumed to have remained constant
in storage, then a comparison of the former and present observations can
be made. An examination of the Coulter counter print-out reveals that a
cumulative count of 5000 corresponds to channel number 6, and an
equivalent spherical diameter of 8.0 \i. This seems to indicate that
Labyak was probably counting only those particles greater in size than
approximately 8.0 (j, and the contours for the particulate data obtained
on the May 1969 cruise should be used only in a relative sense.

Surface concentrations of chlorophyll a were quite variable
throughout the region, but the highest were to be found near Point Pinos,

35

off Santa Cruz, off Point Montara, and to the west of the entrance to
San Francisco Bay (Figure 10). Maxima were, in general, confined to the
first 10 m or so with unusually high values of chlorophyll a observed in
a few instances at greater depths. This may be explained in terms of a
cessation of upwelling or a change in the sinking rate of the phyto-
plankton. With a previous cessation or slackening of vertical advection,
dense upwelled water sinks, and the entrained phytoplankton also sink.
This process may well have occurred near station K-5 where an isolated
pocket having a high chlorophyll a content exists at 55 m. At the same
depth are to be found high particle count and low light transmission
(Figures 70, 72, and 75). If the process cannot be explained by a
slackening of upwelling, it is perhaps best explained by a mechanism
proposed by Margalef, i.e., changes in the sinking rate of phytoplankton
produce concentrations and rarefactions of populations at different
levels [13] .

2 . Vertical Contours'

Vertical sections were drawn for station lines A, B, E, G, I, K,
and M (Figures 40 to 81). Contours were drawn to the data at each station
in a given line from the surface to 100 m, except where interrupted by the
bottom. Each of these station lines was contoured for the following six
parameters: chlorophyll, oxygen, particulates, phosphates, temperature,
and light (beam) transmittance .

The influence of the Monterey Submarine Canyon on the parameters
observed in station lines A and B in Monterey Bay can be seen in the con-
tours. Bolin and Abbott [3] indicated that the Canyon channels the flow
of upwelling water into the Bay, and that deep water follows the axis of
this topographic feature and then flows out of the Canyon into the shallow

36

regions to the north and south. The 40 and 75 m isopleths of trans-
mittance, temperature, and oxygen (Figures 41, 44, 45, 46, 50, and 51)
show this effect in the Canyon and tend to confirm their suggestion.
The first 20 m at the northern and southern ends of the Bay are oxygen-
rich, nutrient-poor, highly productive, turbid, and possess high particle
counts (Figures 40 to 51, less 44 and 50). The northern end of the Bay
is essentially isothermal (Figures 44 and 50), a feature which was
explained [3] as due to a circular eddy of previously upwelled water
which is heated by solar radiation. The effects of upwelling can be
seen more easily for station line E than for the Bay stations. There,
sharply rising isopleths of transmissivity , phosphate, temperature, and
oxygen are found (Figures 53, 55, 56 and 57). Productivity in the inshore
regions is evident in the first 10 or 20 m in the area from E-7 to E-5,
especially the first few meters around station E-6 (Figures 52, 53, 54, 55

and 57). The 3 m depth, in particular, has associated with it one of the

3
largest values of chlorophyll a observed on the cruise, 11.98 gm/m ,

high particle count, high oxygen content, low transmissivity, and
relatively high temperatures. A temperature inversion can be seen at
station E-4 at a depth of 3 m. A similar occurrence has been noted
during upwelling off the Oregon coast by Pak, Beardsley, and Smith [14].
The profile of chlorophyll at station line G has an unusual fea-
ture in that for the entire length of the line, approximately 14 miles,

3

the concentration of chlorophyll a is above 2 mg/m in the first 20 m,

and, in a great portion of the area between 20 m and the surface, the

3

concentration exceeds 4 mg/m (Figure 58). The contours show upwelled

water impinging on the surface layer in the vicinity of station G-2 and
what appears to be a sinking of surface water at stations G-4 and G-5
(Figures 59 to 63) .

37

Farther up the coast a great difference is found between the
chlorophyll a content of the water from one end of station line I to
the other (Figure 64) and is more characteristic of upwelling, in that
the area of high productivity is near shore, and that there is a notice-
able decrease of chlorophyll a seaward. Thus, almost uniformly low

3
values of 0.5 mg/m or less are found offshore. The high particle count

observed (Figure 66) at station 1-4 at 60 m is in conflict with other
observed data. The high count may possibly be due to electrical inter-
ference. The high particulate counts, high oxygen, low transmissivity ,
low phosphate, and high chlorophyll a content in the warm, stable, sur-
face layers indicate an extremely productive area between stations 1-4
and 1-9 (Figures 64 to 69). A similar situation is found between stations
J-4 and K-5 (Figures 70 to 75).

The highest values of dissolved oxygen for the entire cruise were
at the surface of the productive area off Point Montara. There, between
5 and 15 m is found, the greatest transmission gradient seen on the cruise
(Figures 71 and 75). At station K-5, high particulate maximum, high
chlorophyll, and low beam transmissivity are found at 55 m. These
characteristics probably result from the sinking of phytoplankton.

Of all the station lines, M is the shallowest and probably most
complicated in terms of both upwelling and tidal effects. As an aid to
the interpretation of Figures 76 to 81 a time axis should be
imagined as proceeding from left to right with slack water at or slightly
after station M-3 . The tide was at maximum flood at the time station M-l
was occupied. The tidal currents in the region are, according to the
tidal current charts for San Francisco Bay, directed into the Bay until
three hours after maximum flood at decreasing velocities until a slack
is observed. Tidal currents advect the colder, oxygen poor, chlorophyll

38

deficient, nutrient-rich, ocean waters, which have higher light trans-
mission and lower particle counts, in toward the Bay, drastically altering
the distribution of parameters in the top 20 m.

The effect of the horizontal advection of water through the dis-
change plume for San Francisco Bay is exhibited as lower values of
temperature, oxygen, chlorophyll _a, and particulate count, and a general
weakening of the surface layer gradient. At a time slightly after station
M-3 was occupied a slackening and reversal of the tidal current occurred
producing an increase in the horizontal gradient for the above parameters.
The converse is true for light transmissivity and phosphate.
3 . Graphical Comparisons

To establish logical comparisons between the data observed on
the May 1970 cruise and that obtained from other sources, the. cruise
data were presented using the same display methods used previously for the
same region. The remainder of the data are presented in simple scatter
diagrams to provide comparative relationships between pairs of parameters.

While working with the Coulter counter, Bader [2] noticed that
many natural collections of small particles, for example, suspended
mineral and organic matter in sea water, have hyperbolic distributions.
While observing the particle distribution in sea water samples from
Little Bahama Bank, Bader found that if a log- log plot of equivalent
spherical diameter in |j versus cumulative particle count is constructed,
the results are linear with slopes of 0.88 - 1.45 counts /(-!•• For
comparison with the present data a plot was constructed for the cleanest
water observed on the cruise, that at station 1-1 at a depth of 100 m
(Figure 4), and the slope was calculated to be 0.82 counts /p..
Bader also observed the influence of slope on the shape of the plot, that

39

o
o

-U

c
o

■H

4-1

ctf
4->

in

4-J

rt

>

u

0)
CO

x>

O
C

o

•H
4J

X)
■H
!j

4-1
W
•H

Q

cu
N
•l-l

CO

o
•I-l

4J

u

P4

pi

O
H

PARTICLE DIAMETER in P

40

is, the larger the slope the greater the influence of small particles.
Natural truncation occurs for large particle diameters due to a settling
which takes place despite stirring, thus causing a change in slope and
producing a distinct bend at a particular equivalent spherical diameter.

To examine this natural truncation plots similar to Figure 4
were constructed for depths from 0 - 100 m. Station A-6 was chosen as
typically representative of the Monterey Bay region. Examination of the
plot (Figure 5) reveals an abrupt change in slope and a dip at a particular
size. This seems to indicate the presence of larger amounts of particles
of this size than would normally be observed. The peak occurs at
approximately 15 |j, which is within the nannoplankton range. It is
assumed, therefore, that the peak which is evident in the surface layers
only is due to an abrupt increase in phytoplankters .

Chlorophyll a was plotted against oxygen in Figure 6. An initial
plot of selected stations showed that there was no correlation in the
scatter of points from the plotted values at each station: values of
high chlorophyll a were observed at both low and high values of dissolved
oxygen. Some of the high values of chlorophyll a corresponding to low
oxygen may be explained by the presence of detritic pigments and/or by
inactivation of chlorophyll a as phaeophytin [13]. One hundred percent
saturation of dissolved oxygen is assumed to occur at 6.0 ml/1 - a value
which is approximately correct for the region considered. All values in
excess of this were plotted, but no apparent relationship was revealed

between 09 and chlorophyll a. More than 70$ of the values greater than

3
6.0 ml/1 were associated with chlorophyll a concentrations of 2.0 mg/m .

Of the low values of chlorophyll a above saturation, 80/o were associated

with offshore stations removed from the effects of upwelling. It is

41

I I I I I II

E

CM

—

u

CD

, .

tx

,

4-1

c

0

1

o

o

CD

i— 1

o

•r-l

1 ' '

4J

^1

m

PL,

0-2

1.0

o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o

o
o
o

o
o

Particle Diameter in \j.
42

cd
>-i

cd

•U

d
o

c

•r-t

^O

I
<3

c
o

•H
•U

ca

Ctf

X)
CD

S-i

0)

w
X>
O

CO

C
O

3

en o

•h o

O ^

CD i

•H O

E

cd o

O 14-1

CO ctJ

m

Pi

8

4"f

+
•f + ♦

♦ +

•*■•*■

1-

00

♦ * "V * t

j. •*■ t +•

* ♦ ♦ «. *; + J v

J*- ♦■

*♦*%.♦

Cv

*•*♦

+ -T

M

00

(M

Chlorophyll (mg/m )
43

c

CO
bO
>^

5

<4-l
O

d

o

■r-t

O
C

Fn

CO

03

C0|

>>

XI

Oh

+r

O

u

+. .

to O

>>

X!

u

+• +

X

+•»-

v£>

■♦■

W

■»•

Pi

Fn

assumed that these values are due to wind mixing which homogenized the
water mass .

It has been shown above that in general the regions of high total
particulate count were areas of low light transmissivity . Therefore, a
scatter diagram was constructed to see if obvious correlation did exist
between the two parameters. Values of beam transmittance were plotted
against total counts per 2 ml sample for all depths for each of the
stations in Monterey Bay as well as for selected stations throughout the
entire cruise region, and a fair linear correlation was exhibited between
the two. The plot (Figure 7) shows that in general low particle counts
accompany high values of beam transmission and conversely, high particle
counts are associated with low beam transmission. A few extremely high
counts were noted in association with high transmissivity, but it is
believed that these values possibly may be due to counting error. If
these values are included in the range of counts for a given value of
beam transmission then a spread of approximately 35,000 counts occurs at
an arbitrary value of transmissivity. A similar range of values exists
for low beam transmission. However, it is to be expected that the higher
the count, the lower the beam transmission, especially where high counts
are concerned.

Beam transmittance was also plotted against chlorophyll a for stations
A-l through E-5. This covered the Monterey Bay area and the southern
portion of the study region, and it was hoped that the more than 200
points would show relationships between the two parameters. Figure 8
depicts a rather limited relationship between the two and shows that
high light transmissivity is not associated with high concentrations of
chlorophyll a. Indeed the chlorophyll a concentration appears to deter-
mine the upper limit of beam transmission. The fact that there is no

44

*T 1-

-T 1 V

* * *

-*- +

5 V

+*+

*
♦■ ♦ *

* ♦

* *

T ***

* ♦

* ♦ + *

■» *
♦
♦
35 ♦ 4-

♦ ♦ ^ * 4- ♦

♦ ******

* ** * *

♦ *■ +• **+

* *■

****** ** * *

*

* * * *

t * * ** %

+ ♦

♦ ♦ •♦•

o
o

o
o

o

CO

o

o

o
m

o

CO

o

o

o

o

o

.

in

o

c

CO
u
•u

•r-l

E
w
c
co
U
H

E
«

CJ
PQ

•

o

E

c

CN

o

k

4J

V

C)

a

fa

»—
Z

cO

ID

w

O

CO

u

4J

o

-I

o

-J

o

o

<

u

o

CO
Pli

CO
■U

o
H

W

Pi

O

M
fa

Beam transmission (jb/m)

45

4 -

4- ■*■

■»* r

•t-

*• +

■»■♦

4 + +

4»
+ ♦

4. *■
4- 4-

+ * 4-

+ *

+

JL

co

-o

ro

<N

Chlorophyll (mg/m )
46

>>

£

-r*j

a

^

c

^

u

o

o

iH

u

e

CO

■u

IW

u

o

•-4

£

c

03

o

C

•r-l

cO

.U

W

o

o

w

c

-1

vj-

co

<4-)

0)

cO

Pd

03
CO

CJ

o

e

o

4J

ro

4J

•r-l

E

CO

C

CO
l-i
H

E
CO

O

0)

<N

w

CO

M

lower limit of light transmission for a given chlorophyll a concen-
tration indicates that other factors - such as dissolved organic
material - also play a role.

Pytkowicz [16] observed relationships between phosphate and
oxygen from the surface to 1000 m off Oregon before upwelling, at the
approximate onset of upwelling, and after upwelling had been established.
He assumed that if water was affected by biochemical reactions only, the
slope was fixed , and if water masses characterized by differing oxygen -
phosphate relations were present in varying amounts, then the slope of the
linear line would change depending on the proportions of each. Varying
slopes were recorded for each of the periods examined off the Oregon
coast .

To investigate the possibility of the existence of such a
relationship, a plot was constructed for three stations in an inshore
region, namely J-l, J-2 , and K-l, and for three stations offshore, L-l,
K-10, and 1-1. The results are shown in Figure 9. The inshore stations
exhibited higher amounts of phosphate for a concentration of dissolved
oxygen which shows the effect of upwelling. The offshore stations showed
greater variability especially in the surface layers due to depletion
without replenishment. Pytkowicz 's best approximation to his data for
the upwelling period is presented as a stippled line.

47

o

in

in o

Phosphate in pg-at/ml

in
6

- CO

- t-

- -o

E

QJ

4-J

c

ctf

•r-t

X!

a.

c

w

lT> CD

o

to

r|

>,

Ph

£

m

o

cl

o

•r4

■U

o

*■

c

3

m

cfl

V)

CO

C

CO

bO

r*i

>>

C-N

OA

48

IV. CONCLUSIONS

Observations off the central coast of California have been conducted
on a large scale by California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investi-
gations (CALCOFI) and by Hopkins Marine Station. This present study
represents a fine scale survey of the central California region during
an upwelling season. The analysis of data was approached in a quasi-
synoptic manner, due to the spatial and temporal changes that took place
during the observations. However, this method provided a broad subjective
aid in understanding the upwelling process. From the data and the various
modes of presentation it was concluded that:

(1) The region covered in the May 1970 cruise appears to be separated
into four distinct regions: the southern end of Monterey Bay near Point
Pinos , the northern end of the Bay near Santa Cruz, the region off Point
Montara, and the area west of the entrance of San Francisco Bay. All
stations within these regions exhibited high oxygen, high particulate
count, low beam transmissivity , and high chlorophyll a. This is in
contrast to the two productive regions found on the cruise of May 1969:
off Point Ano Nuevo and an area the extent of which is larger than any of
the regions in the recent cruise.

(2) Upwelling appeared to be stronger in the May 1970 cruise, which
can be judged by comparing the surface isotherms decreasing a djacent to
the coast. Labyak's 1969 data show isotherms decreasing seaward from
12 C along the coast to approximately 10.5 C and then another increase.
The most recent data for the upwelling season show low temperatures along
the coast as low as 9.5 C increasing seaward.

49

(3) A fair relationship exists between particle count and beam trans-
mission. The particle counts observed in the analysis of 2 ml samples
ranged from a total count of approximately 5000 for the cleanest water

to in excess of 200,000 for very turbid water.

(4) The linear relationship that was observed by Bader and Gordon
[2, 8] for particle distribution in sea water can be distorted in the
nannoplankton range by productivity in the upper \q m or so.

(5) A subsurface oxygen maximum exists for more than half of the
stations, which is probably due to a greater escape than productive rate
of dissolved oxygen.

(6) The spread of sizes of particles counted was from 1.59 |i to
32.0 \d.

(7) Unlike the results for saturation of oxygen (60-70%) observed
by Park, Pattullo and Wyatt [15] for upwelling waters off the Oregon
coast, most of the surface waters appear to be 100% saturated. The four
productive areas lasted in (1) above are super-saturated.

(8) Tidal currents in the vicinity of the entrance to San Francisco
Bay affect the distribution of the parameters observed in the study,
especially in the upper 15 m.

(9) The warm surface layers contain high oxygen, high chlorophyll at,
and low nutrients, which indicate high productivity. There are also
associated with these areas high particle counts and low transmissivity .
The warm stable layers allow phytoplankton maximum exposure to light,
and with strong thermal gradients below these layers appear also strong
gradients for particles and for transmissivity. This is not the rule

for all productive areas, because the profile of total Coulter count shows
a tongue of water which exhibits high counts extending through the area
of sharpest thermal gradient toward the bottom for station line A.

50

V. SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH

There is a distinct lack of data, both raw and processed, for the
region described in the study. Still more data are needed to fill this
void. The following recommendations are made:

The fluorometric analysis for chlorophyll should be broadened to
include a determination of phaeophytin. This would enable high pigment
to ox ygen ratios to be explained in terms of an inactivation of the
chlorophyll a as phaeophytin. Weekly analyses of chlorophyll a could be
run with a continuous reading fluorometer for the Monterey Bay region.
These determinations could be made to coincide with spectrophotometry
analyses of a larger area from an aircraft. Since an NPS aircraft is
already modified for photography, slight additional modifications would
allow a rapid determination of surface productivity after an overflight
of a surface ship for calibration. In addition to a continuous fluoro-
metric analysis, plankton tows should be obtained in areas of high
productivity to identify which species lead to the high observed
concentrations .

Since diurnal variations have been observed for both chlorophyll a
and for phosphate, hourly observations should be made for a 24 hour
period at an anchor station to observe possible variations of these
parameters in Monterey Bay.

A more complete study of the nutrients of the area could determine
the concentrations of silicates, phosphates, and nitrates, and the effect
of each on productivity in the region.

The sigma-t profile for the area, especially during upwelling, should
be studied to determine the effects of vertical advection on the water

51

column and to investigate offshore sinking of more dense water along
isentropic surfaces. The sigma-t data should then be examined to
see if possible relationships exist with oxygen, both below the surface
layer and in regions of particulate maxima. Additional samples should
be taken from areas of past particulate maxima to observe light
scattering, and possible relationships between scattering and particle
size distribution should be investigated.

Finally, cumulative volumes of particulates should be compared with
the beam attenuation coefficient to see if possibly a better relation
cannot be obtained than that between beam transmission and total count
shown in Figure 7.

52

bO
B

«l

s:

O

u

o

t— I
J3
O

iw
O

W

jC

4-1
0)

r— I

a,
o
w
H

0)

o
to
iw

en

w
Pi

g

H

53

00

60
E

«|

>•>

.C
D.
O
>-i

O
t— l
JZ

u

m

o

to

-C
•u

GJ
i— I

O.

O

CD
M

W

54

on

B

x:
&,
o

o

O

«4-l
O

<Z>

T— I

a
o
w

o

CM

CM

w
Pd

Pm

55

CO

Ml
E

«l

>^

X!
Cu
O
Vj
O

r-l

si
o

o

to
X.

a.
o
w

o

en

8

M
P4

56

CO

60

O

u

o

r-(

o

o

CO

ex
o
w

IT)

fe

57

c

«4-(
O

05

a,
o

CO

o

u

CO

w

Pn

58

d

60

M-l

o
w

•U

<u

I— I
(X
O

w

e

o
I—I

vD

r-l

:=>
o

M

59

c

to

o

w>

.c
■u

0)

a,
o
w
i— i

o

CM

w
Pi

o

M
fa

60

a

o
co

O
W

CU

r— I
O.
O

w

M

O
<1-

00

B
fa

61

c

0)

00

o

w
J3
■u
(U

r— I

a,
o

CO

CTi

W

g
M

62

CO

I

a

o
u

<U

•u
1—1

3

o

CO

■U

o

H

m

o

oo
XI
■u
CD
t— l

a,
o

CO

a;

v

C3

>-i
3

CO

o

CM

w

Pi

o

M

fa

63

CO

I

■U

d

o
u

u

0)

■u

r— I

o

o

H
IW

o

w
j3

4->

CD
i— I

a

o

en
M

£

O

CM

W

Pd

B

64

CO

I

o

T-l

c

O
<->

J-i

<u

I— I

o
u

o

H

O

w
JG
•u

0)

r-l

ex

o
w

CM
CM

W

o

65

en
i

■u
C!

O

o

Q)

3
O

4J

O

H

o

w
X!

ex

o
w

H

CO
CM

w

OS

o

M

66

en
i

•u
C

O

J-l

o>

4-1
i— I
'J

o

o

H

14-1
O

tn
XI
4J

Ol
t—l

<X

o

M

CM

O

M

67

Q)

4-J

03
X!
a.
w
o

O
W
4J

a>

T— I

a.

o
w

o

d

CO

68

•u

I
bO

3.

•U

CO

O,
w
O
JS
PL,

o

w
X!

a,
o
w

M

E
o

CM

o

M
In

69

■u
cfl
I

3.

x:
a,
in
o
JC

o

w
X!

■u

<u

I— <

a
o
w

M

O

eg

c-g

w

o

70

■u

QJ
4-J

nJ
x:
a,

CO

o

x:

Ph

m

o

CO

x:

4J
CD

i— i
a,
o

CO

O

71

4->

i

60

H

CD
4-1

H3
X!

a,

Cfl

o
x

o

en

X

4-1
CD

t— I
Cu

o

03

CM

W

o

M

72

u

e

u

4J
O
W

CD

o

CO

s

C/3

O

w
o

M

73

o

w
E
5-i
Q)

-C

4-1

o

CO

M

74

u

e

u

Q)
X!
■U
O

o

CM

CM
CO

w

o

M

75

CJ>

u

V

XI
4-1

o

CO

o

en

8

M

76

o

4J
O
CO

m
r^

cn

O

M

77

6

' —

u
c
ctj
■u

u
•1-1

e

w
C

H

E
uj

0)

«

o

w

x:

4J
0)

r— I
CL

o
in

O
y

CO

CO

w

M

Pn

78

E

O

c

CO
•u

4-1
•r-(

E

co
a

crj

H

E
CO
0)

pq

iw

o

w

x:

cy

r-l
O,
O

w

E
o

CO

w

Pi

o

M
fa

79

N^

•r-l
E

w
C

H

E
CO
a>

w
X!

4J
CD
1—1

a

o
w

M

O
CM

U

fJ4

80

O
C
tO
4-)
•U

•r-l

B

CO

C
cO

H

E

c3
G

o

w
x:

-u

QJ

r— I

O,
O
W

O

CO
CO

w

O

M

81

B

CO

C
C3
U
H

E

CO

<D
PQ

o

CO

xl
j-j

CD
i— I

a
o

CO

n

w

B

M
Pn

82

E

c

CO

E

>•>

a
o

o
r-i
si
u

<4-l
O

•H
4-1
O
l-i

O
<•*

W

O

M

o

O

o

O

O

o

o

CN

ro

T

4f>

<o

r^

CO

o
o

QujclkI — Z 2! uu »— uj q:

83

ho

.

i

c

CN-

*— -

O"

d

0)

bO

&

4-1
o

o

o

M

o

O

o

o

o

o

O

o

o

<N

m

**■

in

o

t-

CO

o

o

QuuQ.h-1 — Z 2 LU ►- LU CC 00

84

LL&

e

c

o-

CO

I

a

O
0)

•u

■—<

o

4-1

O

H

o

o

o

M

o

ro

C3

o

in

o

o

o

CO

o
o

QulO.k-1 — Z J tUKUJDil/l

85

^'y^:-y-:::y'

4J

i
60

0)
4->

CO

.c

CO

o

Ph
U-l

o

•iH
U-l
O

CO

o-

E

CN
<

o
CN

o

n

o

O

in

o

o

o

CO

o

O

o
o

QujQ.I-1 — Z 2 LU ►- UJ C£ I/}

86

o

u

•U
CO
U

QJ

a
B
aj
H

o

o
M

P-i

QuJO-h-I — Z 2 UJ

UJ CE </>

87

e

0)

o

c
to
•p
•u

•r-l
B

w
c
to
J-l

H

B

CO
CD
PQ

M-l
O

4-1
O

PL.

to

■st

w
o

M

CN
<

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

CN

n

^r

in

o

t^-

00

5

o

O

Q Ul CLI

-X 2! ^ LU ►- UJ Oi l/l

88

r> to tr>

c

<N-

O-J

/ Vn

v /

sS «VK>

o

o

m

o

o
in

o

o

o

CO

o o

& o

E

*l

J3
CX
O
U

o
I— I

JC

U

IW

o

O

H

w

6

M

OujClh-X — Z ^uj^-ujotco

89

fcO

u-i
o

•H

o
S-I

W
Pi

Q ixift.

UiQil/l

90

CO

o

I— I

O

u

3

o
o

jj
o

H

14-)
O

O

CO

B

M

— Z 2 '-"J ►- ^ tt: i/>

91

i

CD
•U

UJ
X!

a.
w
o

XI

o

o

ON

B

Quja-h-ac — z 2; ui ►- uj &: uo

92

u

u

0)
Q.

E
cu

H

O

O

u

o
in

w
O

QujCLkX —

93

>ef*

o
c

4J

4J

•r-l

E
w
c
ca
u

H
E
QJ

PQ

14-1

o

o
u

8

Q ujD. »-X —

ojorc/i

94

v9 ro

us-
6

/

^d

m

o ..

CN

UJ

O

O

o

o

o
o

o

QiuCt-I — Z

2! lo»— uj a: i/)
95

1

/

1

•'.'■'.'•'.'•'.'■'.■

1

1

1
\ •

^ - ~~ *"' "*" N

.

'^•^iiii^^xO:

1

\ _«-

\

xXviviv;-:

\

v. _

\

*"»:«:::$:

>

v.. , ^ -

■«.

\

*•:•

\

\

\

/
/

/

)

1
1

#

/

1

s~**

/

1

i \

/

i

9 «

/

/

\ /

/

/

^_>«

/

/

1

/

/

\

/ /

\

t

' /

\

/

1

\

/

1

1

/

1

J

/

1

"e

1

/

1

c

CM-

J

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1
1

1

1

1

1

J

•

4

o

o

in

o-

^™

o

o

CO

o
o

o
o

ro

E

>^

x:
a,
o
u
o

rH

o

o

o

m

g

M

c

<4-i
O

•r-l

fi

CO

W

pq

o

o o

QixiQ-i— X.

O O

m o
— Z 2[ u-1 *— uj a: t/i
96

o

o

CO

o

o
o

CO

I

■u
c

o
c_>

u

•u

O
CJ)

m

o
H

4-1

o

&

/

z'

£

c

fe

/■

\
\
I

O-i

o

o o

OUJ CL>— X

o o

— Z J LU f- UU Di t/1

97

o

o
to

o

o
o

o

o

o

QuiO.i-1 — Z

o o

o

2 ujk- lu cm oo

98

o

00

o
o

o
o

CO

I

3.

CD
•U
CO
X!

a
w
o

.e
P-.

m

o

o

w

5

M

i cj ci (N <K

u

0)

■u

CO

u

<u
a,
£
a;
H

U-l

o

o

w

M

QuiO.t-1 — Z

2

99

It— LU C£ l/)

B

0)

o

c

4J
4-1

E
w
C

H

B
cO
o

o

o

m

w

o

l-H

Pn

o

O

*'"C*. ■.•.•.'.■.•.*. *-•.•.■ ■ v.

""^.';'-; ';;:---

*'<$

\

\

o

/

/

y

en

oo
E

>^

jC
q.
o
u
o

r— I

u

14-1

o

o

00

Pi
to
O

H

O

CM

o

O

o

o

o

co

o

OUJO-H-X _2 JliJH

ujo: uo

101

c

o
to

o

o

fa

w
o

H

fa

O uucx.1

Z 2 uj »— uj or ui

103

■u
l

<1>

4-1

c8

&,
o

Ph

M-l
O

"4-1

o

S-i

PL.

vO

O
M

u

u

U

0)
G,

£
H

14-1

O

CNI

fa

o

CN

n
O

in
O

r-

"2T5TS

I I

I I

I

/

1 1 ' I

1 1 I I

I'M

nil

• i ' '
i, i.i f

,ii i

1 M y
' 1/

O

s

<§

I

-J ')

1 1 n ;

E

c

Mi

E

o
d

4J

W
C!

crj

H

B
CO
0)

pq

M-l

o

<n

.— I
•1-1

4-1

o
u

CO

8

M

o

o

o

o
in

s

o

o

CO

o

o
o

106

uj t— uuce to

m

^»

■v:

«0

N

•

<5v

1

*

1

1

1

1

1

I

\

1

\

/

V

*

6

m

\

CO

60
B

*l

O
5-1
O
i— I
-C

IW
O

P4

CN

6

i

c

vO

w
o

M

CN-

o

o o

cs

m „t

OuJQ.t-1

o

in

O

o

Z 2 UJ »— w ^ ^

o

o

CO

o
o

o
o

107

c

60
3

o

<4-l
O

m

8

M

o

CM

O O

QujO-i-X — Z

o o

ID O
£ Si UJ >- UJCKt/)

0

0

CO

0
0

0
0

108

i

C

o
u

0)

I— I
o

o

H

M-l
O

•r-t

o

W

M
ft.

QluO.1— X — Z JlXlH-UJGitO

109

■XvIvM'i

y.\ v.*.

K-y.y.

•.*

\

1

%

4-1
CTj
I

W)

O

o

o

M

ouion-x —2: 5; ^ >- ^ <* ^

110

u

U
j-i

J-i

a
a,

e

CD

H
o

14-1

o

S-l

PL.

CO

iM

DujD.t-1 —~2L 2 "J •- uj Qi 1/)

111

E

c
o

•r-l
CO
W

•H

E

CO

C

H

E

0)

PQ

cw
o

■H
IH
O
^1
fa

CT>
vO

W
Pi
E>
O
M
fa

o

o o

o o

o

o

o

o

<N

f»

00

o

o

112

co

fcO

a
o
u

o
I— <

x:
u

iw

o

o

CM

O
W

Pi
o

M
fa

Oujo-K-X — z ^ujhujc:io

113

o

o

o
u

o

M

DUJCLH-X -2 Si UJ >- LLI CC <^>

114

N

N ^

\

\

' )

•

s

c

^r

<N

•

*~

*

N

\

\

\ °

N \

\ \

\

«

CO

I

c

3
O

0)
■u

o
u

4-1

O
H

<4-l

O

O
i-i

cm

O
M

DUiQ-1-I-Z EUJHUiK<^

115

CO

i
bO

0)

■u
cd
xl
a,

V)

o
x;

Ph

m

o

o

PL,

CO

Duiq.kX-2 S^f-ujarw

116

o

u

■u

U

O

a,

e

H

m

o

o
u

W

B

M
fa

Dujo.h3:-z Swhujccm

117

V'"-'

flj
o
c

CO
4-1

6

w

c

CO

u

H

E
cO
CD

Pd

o

o

pi

DWCLh-^

If— UJ cc f>

118

,v» ^TrcT

en

toO

"a,
o
u
o
i— i
xl
u

o

vS

N.

<N-

s5>" rr>

s

o

CN

o

O

O

IT)

o

o

o

o

CO

o

o

o
o

QUJO-H-X — Z JuJH-LUCiUO

o

S-i

PL,

n

e

c

5

M
fa

119

c

CD

O

U-l

o
u

r-

W

3

M
Pn

QujQ_h-x — z ^w^-wcei/i

120

E

c

<N-

o-

m

c

O

u

o

4J

i— I

o

CO

o

H

o

<4-l
O
S-i

00

r--
W

O

M

o

o

CO

o

o
o

Qujc

*— I —21 2 ^ ►- ^ ^ ^

121

i

60

n

•u

CO

s:
o.
w
o
x:
p-i

<4_|

o

o
u

erf
O

M

QuiD.t-1 —21 2 lu ►- to ££ i/>

122

£

c

<N-

u

3
■u

C<3

(-1

CD

a,

B
a
H

lw
o

o

fa

o

00

w

o
fa

O

o

o

o
in

o

o

O

CO

o

o
o

QuiOLf-x — z :£ uj t- ui a: i/i

123

fc 5> ^ Q •$

.;.'.;..•.;.•.'.;..: I.'.'.'.'.!

o

o

o

o
in

QLUQ.H-X -2L ^UJh-

O

o

o

o

CO

o

o

o
o

^>

o

c

03
J-J
4-)
•H

E

CO

C

Vj
H

E
CO
cu
PQ

o

■H
14-1

O

00

w

o

M

124

TABLE I

Station Data: Location, Time, Depth,
Weather, Sound Velocity, Temperature,
Transmittance , Oxygen Chlorophyll, and
Phosphate

125

STATION:

A

-1

DEPTH:

92m

1 DATE

: 4-29-70

TIME:

1130

PST

LAT: 36°-39

.9

'N

LONG: 121° -54.

9'W WIND

. 330°

SPEED

: 9

AIR TEMP (DRY)

: 58°

BARO: 30.14

1 CLOUD AMT: clear

HEIGHT (FT)

: --

SEA: 330°

SWELL:

310T

-8

z SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-
phyll

M4

S

°t

m m/sec

°C

$/m

m

ml/1

mg/m |J&

ktfl

$o

0

8.35

2.34

N

N

2

8.42

3. 18

O

0

5

10

7.53
4.93

3.78
1.17

D

D

15

3.95

0.98

A

A

20

2.87

0.41

T

T

30

2.82

0.33

A

A

60

2.91

0.77

STATION: A-2

DEPTH:

97m

■ -

DATE

: 4-29-70

TIME :

1130

PST

LAT

36°-40.

5'N

LONG: 121° -53.

7 'W

WIND

:

SPEED

:

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 69°

BARO: 30.15

CLOUD AMT: 1

HEIGHT(FT)

: 500

SEA

--

SWELL:

300c

-8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

I

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04

S

°t

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m |jg

At/1

io

0

1493.2

11. 6*

y 9.6

0

8.18

4.98

N

3

1493.1

11. 51

5 10.1

5

8.20

3.53

O

5

1493 . 1

11.5*

I 10.3

10

8.27

2.11

7

1491.3

10.8]

10.9

20

6.49

2.39

D

10

1490.0

10.61

14.5

35

2.74

0.89

A

15

1489.6

10.52

! 20.0

50

2.84

0.62

T

20

1488.2

9.8/

' 35.0

A

25

1485.6

9.2^

y 64.3

34

1484.7

9.0:

1 68.5

44

1484.4

8.8<

) 65.8

59

1484.2

8.7C

) 67.0

75

1484.0

8.6!

i 50.0

126

STATION: A -3

DEPTH: 88m

PDATE: 4-29-70

TIME : 1500 PST

IAT: 36°-42.2'N

LONG: 121°-54.7'W

WIND:

SPEED:

AIR TEMP (DRY) : 61°

BARO: 30.17

CLOUD AMT: 1

HEIGHT(FT) : 2500

SEA:

SWELL: 310°-8

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

m

°2
ml/1

Chloro
phyll
3

PO,

g/m (J.gAt/1

S

o

3

7
11
17
20
26
34
50
60
74

1490. 1
1490.0
1489.4
1488.2
1487.4
1486.2
1485.1
1484.4
1484.0
1483.6

10.71

10.65

10.51

10.12

9.88

9.43

9.15

8.85

8.68

8.54

16
17,
16
19

37.0
43.2
60.0
64.0
57.6
52.4
63.1

0
5
10
20
35
50
60
75

23
,07

19
,72
,81
,65
,43
,80

7.36
6.15
5.28
3.61
0.26
0.34
0.38
2.38

0.71
0.73
0.73
1.17
2.06
2.13
2.19
2. 18

STATION: A-4

DEPTH :

_8.6m_

DATE

: 4-29-70

TIME :

1615 PST

LAT

36°-43.8^

LONG: 1210-54

,6'W

WIND

250°

SPEED

: 13

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

54°

BARO: 30.18

CLOUD AMT: 2

HEIGHT(FT) : 3000

SEA

250°-l

SWELL:

310°-

-8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

1

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04

S ct

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

ifm

m

ml/1

, 3

mg/m

|igAt/l

%o

0

_ _

28.1

0

5.32

2.07

1.28

2

1487.8

10. 0(

3 27.7

5

6.00

1.84

1.28

7

1487.9

io. o;

> 27.5

10

--

1.16

1.32

11

1487.0

9.71

a 38.7

15

5.16

1.79

1.41

17

1486.7

9.6

5 41.6

25

5.03

1.64

1.42

23

1486.8

9.6<

+ 42.0

40

4.85

2.24

1.51

32

1486.9

9.5

3 43.7

55

2.41

0.40

2.11

47

1486.8

8.9

5 66.4

70

3.20

1.14

2.07

56

1484.6

8.8.

3 67.4

70

1484.3

8.7

1 65.6

127

STATION: A-

5

DEPTH:

95m

DATE

: 4-29-

■70

TIME :

1800

PST

IAT

36°-45.

O'N

LONG: 121 -54.3

W

WIND

280°

SPEED

: 16

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 55°

BARO: 3C

.12

CLOUD AMT:

6

HEIGHT (FT)

: 1500

SEA

280°-4

SWELL:

290u-8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro
phyll

- ?o4

S

°'t

m

m/sec

°C

t/m

m

ml/1

/ 3

mg/m

MgAt/1

%o

0

1489.3

10.49

13.5

0

6.62

3.50

1.00

5

1489.3

10.48

14.7

5

6.62

2.24

1.01

10

1488.8

10.28

16.0

10

5.99

1.06

1.22

15

1487.3

9.88

33.3

20

4.82

1.57

1.51

19

1486.9

9.72

41.2

30

3.60

0.85

1.77

25

1486.7

9.64

43.7

35

2.88

0.44

1.92

29

1486.6

9.61

45.2

50

2.42

0.49

2.07

38

1485.2

9.17

65.6

70

2.15

0.30

2.22

49

1484.4

8.87

55.4

68

1483.3

8.50

34.1

79

1483.2

8.40

60.5

STATION: A-6

DEPTH: 463m

DATE

: 4-29-70

TIME :

1945 PST

LAT

36°-46.5

N

LONG: 121°- 54. 3

■w

WIND

: 3 10<

3

SPEED

: 15

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

51°

BARO:

30.13

CLOUD AMT: 6

| HEIGHT (FT) : 1500

SEA

290°-4

SWELL:

290°-8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

I

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04

s at

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m

MgAt/l

fo

0

1488.5

10. 2i

I 16.7

0

6.16

1.66

1.01

2

1488.6

10. 2<

) 16.7

10

6.34

5.93

1.03

5

1488.5

10.2*

I 16.6

25

4.88

1.63

1.07

9

1488.6

10.2/

' 16.6

35

2.62

0.31

2.03

15

1488.7

10.2!

> 17.3

60

2.12

0.19

2.12

19

1487.9

9.9:

L 25.5

80

1.97

0.15

2.15

25

1486.4

9.7^

i- 42.5

100

1.98

0.12

2.24

39

1483.8

8.7!

> 71.7

58

1483.4

8.5(

> 68.9

76

1483.5

8.5(

) 75.3

95

1483.5

8.4(

) 74.7

128

STATION: A-7

DEPTH :

91

m

DATE

: 4-29-

70 TIME:

2200

IAT

36°-47.5'N

LONG: 121°

-54.3

W

WIND

• 085°

SPEED

: 5

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 51°

BARO: 30.

17

CLOUD AMT:c]

.ear

HEIGHT (FT) : ■

SEA

085°- 1

SWELL:

315a-6

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro
phyll

- P°4

S at

m

m/sec

°C

t/m

in

ml/1

/ 3

mg/m

MgAt/1

$0

0

1488.7

10.31

13.9

0

6.28

4.14

0.97

2

1488.7

10.31

14.1

5

6.30

3.30

1.02

5

1488.8

10.32

15.0

12

6.22

0.81

1.02

11

1487.8

10.03

24.0

25

4.50

3.46

1.52

15

1487 . 1

9.87

23.2

35

3.49

0.58

1.48

26

1485.9

9.44

48.9

50

2.87

0.34

2.00

35

1484.4

8.94

68.7

65

2.36

0.21

2.04

50

1483.8

8.70

81.0

73

1483.4

8.48

64.0

STATION

A-;

DEPTH

75r

DATE: 4-2 9-7 0

TIME: 2330

LAT: 36°-49.8'W

LONG: 12lo-54.5'W

WIND: 030c

SPEED

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 51°

BARO

30.18

CLOUD AMT;clearf HEIGHT (FT) ;

SEA: 030°- 1

SWELL:

315u-5

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

il

m

m m

1/1

Chloro-
phyll

mg/m

P0,

IJgAt/1 %o

0
2
9
14
23
34
53
63

1489.8

1489.8

1489.8

1489

1487

1484

1483

1483.0

10.62

10.62

10.58

10.49

9.79

8.99

8.55

8.41

17.3
18.7
18.7
20.0
35.6
69.6
53.0
41.8

0
5
10
25
30
45

6.74
6.82
6.80
4.94
3.30
2.36

2.51
3.92
2.41
2.07
0.65
0.28

0.73
0.73
0.78
1.49
1.86
2. 19

129

STATION: A-9

DEPTH: 53m

DATE: 4-30-70

TIME: 0100

IAT: 36U-51.4'N

LONG: 121°-54.3'W

WIND: 005°

SPEED: 5

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 49°

BARO: 30.17

CLOUD AMT:clear HEIGHT(FT):

SEA: 005°- 1

SWELL: 315°-5

sv

TRANS

m

m/ sec

0
2
5
10
16
20
25
31
37
41

1491

1491

1491

1490

1488

1485.2

1484 . 3

1483.9

1483.6

11.08
11.11

11.03
10.80
10.20
9.29
8.98
8.81
8.70

10.0
10.0
10.1
10.9
22.4
3] .3
63.8
73.4
69.6
69.7

m

°2
ml/1

Chloro- PO,
phyll
3
mg/m (jgAt/1

0
5
10
20
30
40

7.22
6.77
7.13
4.54
2.47
2.26

4.37
6.43
6.68
0.48
0.45
0.35

0.26
0.32
0.45
1.48
2.04
2.10

STATION: A-!

.0

DEPTH:

2 9m

DATE: 4-30-

70

TIME: 0200

LAT

36°-52.9

N

LONG: 12 1°-

-54.1

W

WIND: 340°

SPEED: 4

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 48°

BARO:

30

16

CLOUD AMT: c

lear

HEIGHT(FT): "

SEA

340°-4

SWELL:

315°-5

Z

SV

T

TRANS

r

Z

09 Chloro
phy 1 1

- p04 S °t

m

m/sec

°C

$/m

m

3
ml/1 mg/m

HgAt/1 io

0

1492.1

11.3

1 5.7

0

7.14 3.70

0.25

3

1492.3

11.3:

3 5.9

9

6.73 6.93

0.47

6

1492.3

11.3:

3 5.7

19

4.38 0.78

1.48

8

1492.0

11.21

3 6.8

21

3.13 0.35

2.07

11

1491.9

n.i,

3 8.0

14

1491.6

n.i

1 9.6

17

1490.4

10.7:

I 42.6

20

1487.9

10.0,

3 18.4

24

1485.1

9.1.

3 23.4

26

1484.6

9.01

3 55.4

130

STATION: A- 11

DEPTH : 24m

DATE: 4-30-70

TIME: 0320

LAT:36°-54.1'N

LONG:121°-54.4"W

WIND: 350°

SPEED: 4

AIR TEMP (DRY) : 49°

BARO: 30.15

CLOUD AMT:clear

HEIGHT (FT) :

--

SEA: 350°-l

SWELL: 315°-5

sv

l/sGC

TRANS

°2
ml/1

Chloro- P0.
phyll
3
mg/m ^igAt/1

u

0
5
9
15
17
19
21

1491.2
1491.5
149] .5
1490.8
1490.0
1487.9
1486.3

11
11
11
10
10
10
9

07
10
08
86
64
01
57

8.1
7.8
8.9
13.2
19.0
14.9
13.2

0

5

10

15

17

6.51
7.07
7.08
6.79
6.28

1.83
8.60
9.67
2.20
2.38

0.31
0.28
0.35
0.51
0.75

STATION

A-12

DEPTH: 18m

DATE: 4-30-70 TIME: Q430

LAT: 36°-55.7'N

LONG: 121°-54.4'W

WIND

000c

SPEED

AIR TEMP (DRY) : 50c

BARO

30.14

CLOUD AMT:clear HEIGHT(FT) :

SEA: 000°- 1

SWELL: 315°-5

m

SV

TRANS

in

/sec

it

m

Chloro-

P0,

m m

1/1

phyll
3
mg/m [jgAt/1

io

0
3
6
9
12
15

1491,

1491

1491

1491,

1490,

1489

11.02
1 1 . 04
11.03
11.01
10.93
10.57

7.1
8.1
8.3
8.3
9.5
11.6

0
3
6
9
12

7.25
7.17
7.11
7.18
7.24

1.37
1.05
0.44
1.33
2.34

0.29
0.33
0.33
0.37
0.37

131

STATION: B-l

DEPTH: 16m

DATE: 4-30-70

TIME: 0600

IAT: 36°- 56. 2* N

LONG: 121°-59.3'W

WIND:

SPEED:

AIR TEMP (DRY) : 48°

BARO: 30.15

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) :

800

SEA:

SWELL: 270°-4

m

SV

i/sec

TRANS

#/m

m

°2

ml/1

Chloro
phyll
3

PO,

g/m |agAt/l

io

0

1490.3

10.82

6.5

3

1490.1

10.73

7.2

6

1490.0

10.68

8.1

9

1489.9

10.63

8.8

12

1489.7

10.57

9.0

7.06
6.88
6.56

7.37
7.64
7.58

50
56
71

STATION: b-2

DEPTH :

29m

_ ._

DATE: 4-30-70

TIME: 07 00

IAT

36°-54.8

'N

LONG: 121°- 5 9

. 1

*W

WIND:

SPEED:

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

49°

BARO :

30.

15

CLOUD AMT: 10 j HEIGHT(FT) : 100

SEA

SWELL:

270

o_

'+

Z

SV

T

TRANS

I

Z

0 Chloro- PO^ S o
phyll t

m

m/sec

°C

#/m

m

ml/1 mg/m (igAt/1 f>o

0

1489.4

10.5.

3 12.9

0

6.96 5.53 0.51

2

1489.4

10.5

4 12.1

5

6.84 3.83 0.55

5

1489.5

10.5

4 12.2

10

6.96 8.40 0.56

10

1489.2

10.4

2 14.6

15

6.05 6.83 0.91

15

1487.8

10.0

1 17.7

20

2.67 1.58 2.15

21

1485.6

9.5

1 13.8

24

1484.4

9.0

2 9.5

132

STATION: B-3

DEPTH: 34m

DATE: 4-30-70

TIME: 0745

IAT: 36°-53.5'N

LONG: 121°-59.4'W

WIND:

SPEED: --

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 48°

BARO: 30.15

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT) : 800

SEA:

SWELL: 270°-4

SV

TRANS

m

m

/sec

rm

°2

ml/1

Chloro
phyll
3

PO,

CL

g/m (JgAt/1

1
6
10
17
21
26
30

1488.7
1488.6
1487.3
1487.3
1487.3
14 86.7
1484.8

10.27
10.26
9.85
9.80
9.78
9.60
9.09

14.9
15.6
21.7
20. 1
20.1
20.1
18.6

0

5

10

20

6.33
6.26
4.82
5.17

4.37
6.16
3.11
4.87

0.78
0.87
1.52
1.34

STATION: B-4

DEPTH :

72m

DATE

: 4-30-70

TIME : 0830

LAT: 36°-51

. 8'N

LONG: 12 1°-

-59.1

W

WIND

--

SPEED:

AIR TEMP (DRY) :

49°

BARO:

30

.15

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT): 100

SEA:

SWELL:

2 7 0°-4

Z SV

T

TRANS

r

Z

°2

Chloro- PO, S o
4 t
phyll

m m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m (jgAt/1 $>o

0 1487.4

9.9

1 26.0

0

5.92

3.90 0.80

5 1486.9

9.8

D 29.2

20

4.50

1.33 1.64

10 1486.9

9.7

3 30.7

30

2.47

1.53 1.79

20 1486.4

9.5

5 36.9

40

2.61

0.45 2.13

30 1486.2

9.4

7 31.7

50

2.23

0.45 2.23

40 1484.0

8.8

I 36.4

60

2.34

0.27 2.25

50 1484.0

8.7

5 20.0

60 1483.3

8.5

I 32.3

65 1483.4

8.4

9 38.8

133

STATION: B-5

DEPTH: 7 3m

DATE: 4-30-70

TIME: loon

LAT; 36°-50.4'N

LONG: 121U-58.8'W

WIND:

SPEED:

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 54°

BARO: 30.17

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT) : 100

SEA:

SWELL: 270Q-4

.

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-
phyll

P04

s ot

m

tn/sec

°C

#/m

m

ml/1

, 3
mg/m

|-lgAt/l

io

0

N

38.6

0

4.83

1.18

1.59

5

0

37.8

10

3.22

0.79

1.98

10

42.7

25

2.47

0.39

2.25

21

44.2

40

2.40

0.31

2.22

31

D

47.8

50

2.38

0.29

2.23

42

A

53.7

60

2.01

0.19

2.21

51

T

23.8

80

2.15

0.19

2.24

61

A

27.4

66

31.5

STATION: B-6

DEPTH: i

>75m

DATE

: 4-30

-70

TIME:

1100

LAT

36°-48.9'N

LONG: 121'

5-58.8

■w

WIND

__

SPEED

:

AIR

TEMP (DRY) : 55°

BARO :

30

.18

CLOUD AMT:

io-i

HEIGHT(FT): 100

SEA

--

SWELL:

2"

70°-4

Z

SV T

TRANS

1

z

°2

Chloro

" P04

s at

phyll

m

m/sec C

i/m

m

ml/1

; 3

mg/m

f-igAt/1

io

0

N
O

31.7

0

4.54

2.03

1.34

5

31.7

10

5.56

2.65

1.45

10

31.1

25

2.33

0.31

2.38

19

39.8

40

1.98

0.22

2.45

30

D

45.2

60

2.25

0.20

2.50

40

A

62.2

80

2.41

0.18

2.51

60

T

59.5

80

A

68.3

100

67.1

134

STATION: B-7

DEPTH:

600m

DATE

: 4-30-

70

TIME :

1245

LAT

36°-47.1'

N

LONG: 121.Q-58.4

W

WIND

:

SPEED

:

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 55°

BARO :

30.18

CLOUD AMT:

10

HEIGHT (FT) : 100

SEA

--

SWELL:

270°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro
phyll

- P04

— — -t

S ot

m

m/sec

°C

*/m

m

ml/1

/ 3

mg/m

HgAt/1

$0

0

1487.5

9.93

27.7

0

6.24

2.13

1.46

3

1487.5

9.86

27.4

6

6.48

1.89

1.49

6

1486.7

9.73

27.8

18

5.49

3.38

1.64

10

1486.4

9.63

29.5

30

5.19

1.91

1.77

14

1486.5

9.61

32.5

40

4.35

0.86

1.95

18

1486.5

9.60

32.8

60

2.74

0.26

2.19

22

1486.5

9.59

33.1

75

2.60

0.18

2.28

31

1485.7

9.37

48.4

95

2.12

0.21

2.35

40

1485.2

9. 12

57.1

50

1484.4

8.86

64.6

60

1483.8

8.63

73.8

76

1484.1

8.63

77.2

93

1484.0

8.52

68.4

STATION: r-8

DEPTH :

558m

DATE

• 4-30-

•70

TIME :

1500

LAT

36°-45.3

N

LONG: 12 lc

-58.7

•w

WIND

270°

SPEED

: 16

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

55°

BARO: 30.

13

CLOUD AMT:C.

.ear

HEIGHT(FT) :

SEA.

270°-3

SWELL:

300°- 7

Z

SV

T

TRANS

i

Z

°2

Chloro

- p04

S ot

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

%/m

m

ml/1

mg/m

M.gAt/1

io

0

1487.8

10.02

29.7

0

6.46

2.92

1.43

5

1487.3

10. Of

) 26.4

5

6.29

2.62

1.42

10

1486.3

9.6C

) 30.5

15

5.44

2.68

1.78

16

1486.4

9.5<

) 35.2

30

5.21

2.30

1.67

19

1494.4

9.6]

38.5

40

4.44

0.70

1.88

29

1485.8

9.3c"

I 50.8

55

2.92

0.24

2.17

39

1484 . 7

9.0C

) 66.2

75

2.46

0.21

2.40

58

1484.1

8.7(

> 72.0

100

1.91

0.23

2.18

69

1484.3

8.71

! 82. 1

75

1484.4

8.7(

) 83.8

82

1483 . 9

8.5/

' 73.7

135

STATION: B-9

DEPTH:

366m

DATE: 4-30-70

TIME : 1645

IAT: 36°-44.3'N

LONG:

121°-59.1'W

WIND: 270°

SPEED: 18

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 56°

BARO :

30.12

CLOUD AMT clear

HEIGHT (FT) : --

SEA: 270°-4

SWELL:

300Q-8

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

m

m

1/1

Chloro
phyll
3

P0,

g/m (jgAt/1 %o

0
5
11
14
20
30
40
59
80
96

1487.4
1487.2
1486.7
1486.3
1486.3
1485.1
1484.5
1483.9
1483.7

9.93
9.87
9.71
9.54
9.48
9. 13
8.84
8.58
8.42

27.4
27.1
28.3
31.1
40.7
46.9
64.0
70.0
61.8
63

0
5
10
20
30
50
80
100

6.63
6.61
6.47
6.14
5.46
3.04
2.06
2.25

2.46
2.57
2.74
2.90
1.98
0.22
0.24
0.16

1.33
1.38
1.35
1.45
1.53
2.17
2.36
2.41

0

STATION: B-

10

DEPTH :

480m

DATE

• 4-30-

70

TIME :

1900

LAT

36°-42.6

*N

LONG: 121°- 59. 4

W

WIND

305°

SPEED

: 15

AIR

SEA

TEMP (DRY)

54°

BARO :

30.07

CLOUD AMT:c

lear

HEIGHT (FT) :

305°-3

SWELL:

300°-8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

1

Z

°2

Chloro

" P04

S ct

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

$/m

m

ml/1

mg/m

|igAt/l

io

0

1487.9

10. 0<

) 22.3

0

6.41

4.06

1.37

5

1490.0

10. Oi

5 22.5

20

6.04

5.34

1.40

10

1488.1

10. Oi

I 22.9

40

5.33

2.29

1.74

20

1489.4

9.8(

> 31.0

60

2.77

0.39

2.33

30

1487.3

9.7;

I 40.1

80

2.22

0.26

2.34

39

1485.5

9.2/

f 66.3

100

2.35

0.19

2.43

49

1484.4

8.8"

1 65.0

60

1484.0

8.71

5 63.3

75

1484. 1

8.6/

* 69.9

85

1483.9

8.5(

5 78.1

89

1483.8

8.5

L 82.2

93

1483.7

8.4;

' 80.9

98

1483.7

8.4^

\r 80.1

136

STATION: B-ll

DEPTH:

108m

DATE

: 4-30-

70

TIME :

2000

IAT

36°-41.2

N

LONG: 121°

-59.2

•w

WIND

• 315°

SPEED

: 19

AIR

TEMP (DRY) ■

53°

BARO:

30

.07

CLOUD AMT:c

lear

HEIGHT (FT) : ■

SEA

315°-4

SWELL:

310°-9

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro
phyll

" P°4

1

S ot

m

m/sec

°C

f/m

m

ml/1

/ 3

mg/m

l-lgAt/l

$0

0

1489.1

10.43

20.2

0

6.81

3.03

1.19

11

1489.2

10.41

20.7

10

6.95

2.87

1.16

21

1488.4

10.17

26.7

30

3.54

1.96

2.03

30

1486.4

9.61

66.1

50

2.57

0.49

2.36

41

1484.6

9.98

68.2

65

2.36

0.26

2.32

51

1484.2

8.81

69.3

90

2. 10

0.32

2.42

61

1483.9

8.70

73.3

71

1483.9

8.62

85.6

81

1484.0

8.60

—

90

1484.0

8.55

83.6

100

1483.6

8.40

87.4

STATION: B-12

DEPTH:

100m

DATE

:4-30-70

TIME: 2115

IAT

36°-39.4'

N

LONG: 121°- 59. 2

•w

WIND

: 315°

SPEED: 14

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

51°

BARO:

30

.12

CLOUD AMTrcl

sar

HEIGHT (FT): --

SEA

310°-4

SWELL:

310°-8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

r

Z

°2

Chloro-

P0. S o
4 t

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

$/m

m

ml/1

, 3

mg/m

LigAt/1 $o

0

1489.7

10.6(

3 24.2

0

7.75

5.02

0.81

6

1489.8

10.6.

3 21.6

10

7.45

5.01

0.90

12

1489.9

io.6:

3 21.5

30

2.95

0.38

2.13

21

1486.8

9.6

1 57.5

75

2.94

0.31

2.28

31

1484.2

8.9

3 84.7

90

2.16

0.37

2.40

52

1484.1

8.7

7 87.3

71

1484 . 0

8.6

d 86.0

93

1483.8

8.5

1 76.0

137

STATION: B-

-13

DEPTH:

82

Tl

[DATE: 4-30-70

TIME: 2215

IAT

36°-38.2

N

LONG: 121

o_

59. 1

•w

WIND: 315°

SPEED: 10

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 50°

BARO:

30

. 14

CLOUD AMT:clear

HEIGHT (FT): --

SEA

315°-4

SWELL: 315

°-8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

0o Chloro- PO. S o
2 phyll 4 fc

m

m/sec

°C

t/m

m

ml/1 mg/m g.gAt/1 $o

0

1490.5

10.75

14.4

0

7.42 6.08 0.86

10

1488.6

10.51

37.0

20

3.42 0.68 1.97

15

1485.4

9.37

68.2

40

3.18 0.47 2.19

26

1484.3

8.89

76.8

36

1483.8

8.63

81.4

39

1483.5

8.60

82.9

51

1483.4

8.50

82.9

61

1483.6

8.52

83.8

66

1483.5

8.49

80.9

STATION: C-l

DEPTH:

503m

DATE: 4-30-70

TIME: 23 50

LAT: 36°-36'N

LONG: 122°-01.6'W

WIND: 315°

SPEED: 6

AIR TEMP (DRY) : 50°

BARO: ■

30.14

CLOUD AMT: clear

HEIGHT (FT) :

--

SEA: 315^-4

SWELL:

315^-8

l

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

i/i

m

in

1/1

Chloro-
phyll

mg/m

P0,

O.

UgAt/1 $0

0
6
11
21
31
51
70
91

1492.4
1492.5
1488.8
1486.3
1484.8
1484.6
1484.2
1483.3

11.37
11.40
10.47
9.58
9. 13
8.93
8.67
8.38

5.6
5.2
28.8
62.4
70.1
87.0
89.1
92.1

0
15
30
60
90

,37

,44

4.02

01
00

7.74
1.79
0.43
0.25
0.20

0.34
1.53
1.97
2.05
2.08

138

STATION: C-2

DEPTH :1000m

DATE: 5-1-70

TIME: 0145

IAT: 36°-33.6'N

LONG: 12 2 °- 04. 6' W

WIND: 330°

SPEED: 10

AIR TEMP (DRY) : 50°

BARO: 30.12

CLOUD AMTrclear

HEIGHT (FT) :

SEA: 335°-3

SWELL: 320°-8

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

£/m

Chloro-
phyll
3

P0,

a

m ml/1 mg/m ^igAt/1

0

1491.2

11.04

12.6

3

149] .4

11.07

11.0

8

1491.4

11.07

10.7

13

1489.2

10.43

41.0

16

1487.5

10.00

49.6

20

1487.0

9.77

50.4

26

1487.1

9.76

53.6

37

1486.3

9.48

60.4

46

1486.2

9.42

63.5

55

1485.4

9.15

70.4

65

1484.6

8.90

74.2

77

1484.4

8.77

81.5

85

1484.5

8.74

83.5

97

1484.6

8.72

81.4

0

3

8

12

25

55

75

100

7.27
8.00
8.12
7.63
5.31
4.02
3.49
2.86

4.78
5.85
6.24
5.06
2.95
0.62
0.42
0.20

0.46
0.47
0.49
0.62

65

94
30
08

STATION: C-3

DEPTH:

1600m

DATE

: 5-1-

70

TIME: 0315

LAT

36°-31.3

*N

LONG :

122O-07W

WIND

335°

SPEED: 10

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

53°

BARO:

30.09

CLOUD AMT:c

lear

HEIGHT (FT): --

SEA

335°-3

SWELL:

320°-8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

1

Z

°2

Chloro

- po4 s at

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m

UgAt/l $0

0

1487.6

10.0"

1 64.9

0

5.97

0.32

1.41

5

1487.6

10.01

b 65.1

15

5.75

0.42

1.46

10

1487.6

10. 0(

D 66.6

30

5.30

1.04

1.17

15

1487.4

9.9:

> 67.3

50

4.97

1.87

1.78

20

1486.2

9.5<

3 69.6

90

3.15

0.32

1.97

30

1485.8

9.3<

1 74.4

39

1486.4

9.5:

I 65.6

51

1486.5

9.4"

7 61.8

69

1485.9

9.2:

3 65.8

89

1485.1

8.9

5 76.0

139

STATION: D- 1

DEPTH

2300m

DATE: 5-1-7 0

TIME: 0600

IAT: 36°-35.3'N

LONG:

122°-10.7 "W

WIND:

SPEED:

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 50°

BARO :

30. 11

CLOUD AMT: clear

HEIGHT (FT): --

SEA:

SWELL:

300°-4

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

m

m

1/1

Chloro
phyll
3

P0,

m

g/m MgAt/1

0
4
8
16
26
35
44
55
66
77
86
97

1488.3
1488.5
1488.5
1488.6
1488.2

1488

1486

1485

1485

1485

1485.1

1484.4

10.39

10.39

10.38

10.37

10.21

10.19

9.56

9.38

9.30

9.17

8.97

8.74

53.9
53.6
53.1
56.3
64.4
64.4
79.5
84.0
82.8
83.3
86.0
87.0

0
10
25
45
65
95

6.33
6.28

04
18
86
35

0.72
0.96
0.80
0.53
0.32
0.18

1.04
1.06
1.18
1.61
1.72
1.91

STATION: d-

2

DEPTH :

1550m

DATE

: 5-1-

70

TIME : 0800

LAT

36°-39.

7 'N

LONG: 122°- 15.2

W

WIND

:

SPEED:

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 50°

BARO :

30.12

CLOUD AMTc]

.ear

HEIGHT(FT): --

SEA

--

SWELL:

300°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

1

Z

°2

Chloro

PO. S o
4 t

phy 1 1

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

, 3
mg/m

iagAt/1 $o

0

1488.7

10.4

1 48.5

0

6.46

0.71

0.94

5

1488.8

10.4.

j 48.5

20

6.35

1.09

0.99

10

1488.9

10.4.

5 48.6

35

5.28

0.25

1.45

20

1489.0

10. 4'

\ 49.4

60

4.77

0.86

1.75

40

1485.9

9.4

1 82.8

100

3.77

0.26

1.98

51

1485.6

9.2

7 84.4

65

1485.3

9.1

3 90.0

80

1484.8

8.9

1 87.0

86

1484.7

8.8

I 84.2

100

1484.2

8.6

3 89.7

140

STATION: D-3

DEPTH: 1

.350m

DATE

: 5-1-70

TIME : 1000

IAT

36°-42.7

N

LONG: 122Q-18.7

W

WIND

315°

SPEED: 4

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

54°

BARO :

30.14

CLOUD AMT: clear

HEIGHT (FT): —

SEA

315°-2

SWELL:

315u-6

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-
phyll

P0. S o,
4 t

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

/ 3
mg/m

(OgAt/1 $o

0

1487.4

9.98

63.0

0

6.02

0.28

1.36

10

1487.4

9.98

63.1

40

5.71

0.68

1.46

20

1487.2

9.82

64.0

65

5.56

1.11

1.52

30

1487.5

9.85

64.0

80

5.13

1.09

1.67

51

1487.4

9.74

61.9

100

4.55

0.34

1.83

70

1487.0

9.54

62.0

75

1487.0

9.48

51.0

86

1486.8

9.35

58.2

95

1486.2

9.18

80.6

100

1486.2

9.14

80.6

STATION: E-l

DEPTH: 7 50m

DATE: 5-1-70

TIME: 1130

LAT

36°-47'N

LONG: 12 2 °-

-14.7

'W

WIND: 305°

SPEED: 3

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

64°

BARO:

30

14

CLOUD AMT: cl

ear

HEIGHT(FT): --

SEA

305°-2

SWELL:

315°-8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

I

Z

0„ Chloro-
phyll

P04 S at

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

3
ml/1 mg/m

IJgAt/1 $o

0

1487.7

10. 1

I 71.7

0

5.56 0.29

1.35

5

1487.1

9.9

7 71.2

25

5.74 1.79

1.45

10

1486.9

9.8

9 68.0

50

3.44 0.47

2.08

20

1486.5

9.6

7 66.0

75

3.02 0.30

2.10

31

1486.0

9.5

3 70.0

100

2.45 0.28

2.30

40

1485.8

9.4

\ l\.l

52

1484.8

9.0

5 79.6

71

1484.2

8.7

5 88.6

91

1484.2

8.6

2 90.4

100

1484.6

8.6

7 90.0

141

STATION: E-2

DEPTH: 510m

DATE

: 5-1-70

TIME :

1330

IAT

36°-50

N

LONG: 122°-10.2

•w

WIND

: 295°

SPEED

: 12

AIR

TEMP(DRY) ■

61°

BARO :

30.16

CLOUD AMT: clear

HEIGHT(FT) :

SEA

290°-3

SWELL:

315"-7

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-
phyll

P04

S at

m

m/sec

°C

*/m

m

ml/1

mg/m \j.g<

\t/l

fo

0

1489.4

10.53

79.1

0

5.65

0.08

1.39

3

1487.8

10.17

78.5

10

5.66

0.08

1.46

7

1486.4

9.73

66.7

15

5.96

1.68

1.41

16

1485.8

9.4S

59.0

25

5.92

3.10

1.50

25

1485.7

9.41

68.6

40

4.83

1.63

1.37

35

1485.8

9.36

45.3

60

3.95

0.58

--

45

1485.6

9.27

49.0

80

2.46

0.28

2.29

54

1485.7

9.26

48.0

95

5.13

1.60

2.01

62

1485.3

9.08

55.5

71

1484.9

8.91

60.8

78

1484.1

8.67

75.0

85

1483 . 9

8.55

93.0

STATION: E-3

DEPTH:

142m

-

DATE

: 5-1-70

TIME :

1500

IAT

36°-51.6'

N

LONG: 122°-09.

7 'W

WIND

: 295°

SPEED

: 13

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

53°

BARO:

30.17

CLOUD AMT:cl

2ar

HEIGHT (FT) :

SEA

295°-2

SWELL:

310°-6

Z

SV

T

TRANS

1

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04

S ot

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m

LlgAt/1

%o

0

_.

„_

54.0

P

0

6.29

1.76

1.37

3

1488.3

10.2

5 53.4

10

6.01

2.20

1.48

8

1486.7

9.7

7 39.5

25

5.56

3.71

1.75

12

1485.9

9.5<

3 39.5

35

4.95

1.48

1.92

16

1485.5

9.3

7 39.5

55

4.49

2.00

1.95

26

1485.4

9.31

3 48.0

75

2.68

0.24

2.28

35

1485.4

9.2<

\ 37.2

95

2.29

0.21

2.40

44

1485.1

9.1

1 42.5

51

1485.1

9.0

7 44.0

58

1485.0

9.0

1 50.0

67

1484.2

8.7'

\ 62.8

77

1483 . 7

8.5

7 87.5

85

1483.6

8.4

9 91.0

142

STATION: E-4

DEPTH :

95m

DATE

: 5-1-70

TIME: 1700

IAT

36°-53.3'

N

LONG: 122°

-09.2'W

WIND

• 295o

SPEED: 12

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 56°

BARO :

30

.15

CLOUD AMTrclear

HEIGHT (FT): --

SEA

--

SWELL:

290°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

z o2

Chloro-
phyll

P0. S o\
4 t

m

m/sec

°C

$/m

m ml/ 1

/ 3

mg/m

HgAt/1 $0

0

1489.0

10.60

26.5

0 6.20

1.83

1.48

3

1487.5

9.92

27.8

10 5.67

5.34

1.53

9

1488.3

10.14

26.5

35 3.17

0.45

2.25

16

1485.2

9.25

32.5

55 3.20

0.48

2.32

25

1485.2

9.19

31.3

75 1.96

0.36

2.52

35

1485.0

9.07

35.1

45

1484.8

8.98

41.8

54

1484.4

8.86

51.0

64

1483.8

8.61

57.5

73

1483.5

8.48

78.0

STATION: E-

■5

DEPTH :

76

m

DATE: 5-1-70

TIME : 1800

LAT

36°-54.3'N

LONG: 122°

-07.5

•w

WIND: 300°

SPEED: 13

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

57°

BARO: 30.

14

CLOUD AMT: clear

HEIGHT (FT) : --

SEA

300°- 1

SWELL:

310°-6

Z

SV

T

TRANS

1

Z

0 Chloro- PO^ S a
phyll t

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1 mg/m (agAt/1 $0

1

1490.6

10. 8(

> 9.7

0

7.14 6.40 1.00

5

1490.9

10.92

12.1

25

4.17 1.54 1.99

11

1485.4

9.4C

) 37.7

50

2.82 0.27 2.30

15

1485.2

9.23

\ 42.2

20

1484.9

9.1/

44.1

30

1484.7

9.0S

) 49.3

40

1483.5

8.7c"

5 62.7

50

1483.3

8.5<

) 77.4

62

1483.3

85. (

) 61.9

70

1483.3

8.4/

' 46.1

143

STATION: E-6

DEPTH :

52m

H)ATE: 5-1-70

TIME: 1900

IAT: 36U-55.7'N

LONG:

1220-06. 3 'W

WIND: 300°

SPEED: 5

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 54°

BARO:

30.15

CLOUD AMT clear

HEIGHT (FT): -

-

SEA: 300°-l

SWELL:

300°-5

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

i/x

m

°2
ml/1

Chloro-
phyll

mg/m

PO,

(OgAt/1 $c

0
5
11
21
30
41
45

1492.7

1492.8

1487.1

1484

1484

1484

1484

11.40
11.47
9.70
9.02
8.98
8.89
8.72

5.1
5.1
31.2
43.8
45.0
45.5
45.7

0

3

25

8. 16
8.37
3.86

7.91

11.98

1.15

0.30
0.30
2.13

STATION: E-7

DEPTH :

36i

n

DATE: 5-1-70

TIME: 2000

IAT

36°-55.9

*N

LONG: 122°

-04.8

•w

WIND:

SPEED:

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

51°

BARO:

30

.16

CLOUD AMT: clear

HEIGHT(FT): --

SEA

--

SWELL:

280°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

1

Z

0 Chloro- PO^ S a

phyll L

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1 mg/m (jgAt/1 $o

0

1491.9

11. 2*

t 5.7

0

7.31 9.89 0.49

4

1491.8

ii. i;

' 6.5

10

5.88 8.39 1.17

10

1488.7

10. 3(

) 16.2

20

4.42 1.46 1.99

16

1486.0

9.5:

5 28.5

30

2.84 0.67 2.36

20

1485.5

9.3^

t 42.5

25

1485.3

9.2^

f 42.5

30

1484.6

9.0^

f 28.8

144

STATION: F

-1

DEPTH :

44m

PdATE: 5-1-70

TIME: 2300

IAT

36°-

57.

4'N

LONG: 122°- 10

W

WIND:

SPEED: --

AIR

TEMP(DRY)

: 51°

EARO: 30.20

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) :

100

SEA

--

SWELL:

290°-5

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

0? Chloro-
phyll

po4 s ct

m

m/sec

°C

#/m

m

3
ml/1 mg/m ^ig

M/l $o

0

N

7.6

1

0

7.09 12.35

0.71

5

0

7.6

10

3.50 8.14

1.10

10

20.2

20

2.01 1.16

2.02

15

46.0

30

1.49 0.84

2.28

20

D

46.0

25

A

35.1

30

1

30.4

35

A

30.0

STATION: F-2

DEPTH:

42m

•■' ■

DATE

: 5-2-70

TIME :

0130

LAT

37°-00.

4'N

LONG: 122° -14. 3

*W

WIND

--

SPEED

--

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

48°

BARO: 30.19

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT): 100

SEA

--

SWELL:

290°-5

Z

SV

T

TRANS

l

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04

S ot

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m [jg

At/1

<f,o

0

1487.3

9.62

21.4

0

6.79

6.58 0.87

5

1486.7

9.42

25.5

3

7.33

6.53 ]

L. 06

10

1486.5

9.33

26.1

10

6.45

6.27 ]

L.30

19

1485.1

8.90

28.3

14

6.11

3.60 ]

.44

24

1484.5

8.74

19.6

20

4.69

1.23 1

L.83

30

1484.0

8.56

20.7

27

4.03

1.39 1

S.03

34

1483.4

8.36

25.1

1

35

3

.80

0.87 2.22

145

STATION: F-3

DEPTH: 36m

DATE: 5-2-70

TIME: 0300

IAT: 37°-03.8'N

LONG: 122°-17.9'W

WIND :

SPEED: --

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 47°

BARO: 30.18

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) :

100

SEA:

SWELL: 290°-5

sv

m m/sec

TRANS

°2
ml/1

Chloro-
phyll

mg/m

P0;

(OgAt/1 %o

0

3

8

15

19

25

1486.7
1486.7
1486.7
1485.5
1484.6
1483.5

9.55
9.52
9.47
9. 12
8.86
8.53

22.5
27.5
31.0
44.5
44.5
33.0

0

8

20

25

6.52
6. 19
4.85
3.85

5.68
3.85
2.22
1.02

1.15
1.44
1.94
2.10

STATION

G-l

DEPTH

45m

DATE: 5-2-70

TIME: 0445

LAT: 37°-04.2'N

LONG: 122°-19.4'W

WIND:

SPEED

AIR TEMP (DRY) : 47°

BARO

30.18

CLOUD AMT : 1Q HEIGHT (FT): 100

SEA:

SWELL:

SV

m/sec

TRANS

m

°2
ml/1

Chloro-

P0,

phy 1 1
3
mg/m ^igAt/1

io

0

2

7

14

24

32

1486.5
1486.4
1486.2
1485.6
1484.3
1483.4

9.49
9.44
9.39
9.18
8.81
8.45

23.0
23.0

30
43
55

36.0

0

5

17

25

35

4.41
4.99
5.38
4.70
3.59

5.66

7.18
3.74
1.38
0.86

1.00
1.53
1.89

2.23

146

STATION: G-2

DEPTH: 72m

DATE: 5-2-70

TIME: 0800

LAT: 37°-02.7'N

LONG: 122°-20.5IW_1

WIND: --

SPEED: --

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 47°

BARO: 30.19

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) :

100

SEA:

SWELL: 3 00° -4

01

SV

m/ sec

TRANS

in

°2
ml/1

Chloro-
phyll

mg/m

P0,

(OgAt/1 %o

0
3
8
14
24
34
44
52
59

1486.3
1486.4
1486.4
1486. 1
1485.6
1483.6
1482.6
1482.3
1482.3

38
40
36
30
07
8.51
8.23
8.05
8.02

36.0
37.5
37.5
37.5
38.5
76.5
73.0
69.0
61.6

0
15
30
45
60

5.78
5.32
4.99
3.80
2.44

2.26

2.60
1.35
0.62
0.37

1.60
1.78
1.88
2.02
2.31

STAr

:iON: g-3

DEPTH:

99m

■

DATE

: 5-2-70

TIME: 1000

LAT

37°-01.5'

N

LONG: 12

2°-21.

8'W

WIND

: 315°

SPEED: 8

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

51°

BARO: 30.19

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT): 100

SEA

SWELL:

315°

-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

i

Z

°2

Chloro-

P0. s a
4 t

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m |_ig

At/1 %o

0

1486.9

9.56

33.2

0

6.78

3.13 1

.31

5

1486.4

9.37

33.1

15

6.02

4.87 1

.57

9

1486.0

9.29

44.3

30

4.03

0.64 1

.98

17

1485.5

9.09

48.1

60

3. 18

0.38 2

.27

27

1483 . 5

8.49

86.5

92

2.43

0.40 2

.44

37

1483 . 1

8.36

82.5

52

1483.1

8.26

81.8

66

1482.8

8.12

80.5

75

1482.6

8.01

69.7

83

1482.6

8.00

65.8

93

1482.8

7.99

58.5

1

147

STATION: G-4

DEPTH:

106m

DATE

: 5-2-70

TIME :

1115

IAT

-37°-00.1'

N

LONG : ]

.22

°-23

,3'W

WIND

: 315°

SPEED

: 10

AIR

TEMP(DRY)

: 54°

BARO: 30.

17

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT) : 100

SEA

'

SWELL:

315°

-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-
phyll

P04

S at

m

m/sec

°C

*/m

m

ml/1

mg/m

HgAt/1

$o

0

1487.4

9.70

26.8

I

0

6.65

2.53

1.19

4

1487.4

9.69

26.6

15

6.20

4.77

1.37

9

1487 . 1

9.60

29.8

35

5.98

3.13

1.57

19

1486.2

9.28

41.8

55

4.52

0.45

1.91

29

1486. 1

9.21

45.6

85

2.49

0.40

2.36

37

1486.1

9.15

49.8

48

1484.4

8.75

79.0

55

1484.3

8.61

88.4

71

1483.9

8.41

85.1

81

1483.6

8.27

83.2

87

1483.2

8.13

83.7

STATION: G-5

DEPTH :

120m

DATE

: 5-2-70

TIME :

2000

LAT

36°-59.4'

N

LONG: 122°-24'W

WIND

: 315°

SPEED

: 13

AIR

TEMP(DRY)

50°

BARO:

30.06

CLOUD AMT: 10 \ HEIGHT(FT) : 100

SEA

315°-1

SWELL:

315o-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

l

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04

S ct

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

ifm

m

ml/1

mg/m

MgAt/1

%o

1

1487.9

9.85

19.3

0

6.96

3.07

1.20

5

1488.0

9.84

18.8

25

5.58

2.20

1.71

11

1488.2

9.84

18.8

40

5.01

3.97

1.23

21

1487.2

9.57

28.9

80

3.11

0.61

2.26

30

1486.0

9.19

46.9

i

1

100

2.62

0.35

2.40

39

1483.3

8.43

75.4

50

1483.2

8.33

75.4

68

1483.2

8.19

74.6

88

1483.0

8.05

71.8

98

1483 . 0

8.01

67.9

•

148

STATION: G-

6

DEPTH:

530m

DATE

: 5-2-

7 0 TIME:

2200

LAT

36°-56.

3'N

LONG: 122°-28.

6'W

WIND

: 315°

SPEED

: 15

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 50°

BARO: 30.08

CLOUD AMT:

10

HEIGHT (FT) : 100

SEA

315°-3

SWELL:

315°

-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chlorc
phyll

»- P0,

4

S at

m

m/sec

°C

*/m

m

ml/1

/ 3

mg/m

iigAt/1

%o

0

1489.6

10.41

N

i

0

7.74

4.38

0.63

4

1489.7

10.38

o

5

7.83

3.98

0.64

8

1489.6

10.28

10

7.79

4.27

0.62

12

1488.0

9.68

D

15

7.73

5.04

0.66

20

1487.6

9.78

A

25

6.52

2.42

1.24

30

1487.2

9.50

T

35

5.22

0.84

1.67

41

1486.3

9.22

A

50

3.94

0.47

2.00

52

1485.7

9.01

75

2.61

0.19

2.26

61

1485.3

8.86

72

1484.9

8.70

81

1484.3

8.45

90

1484.4

8.45

— rr^-^ ■ 1 rr-rr

STATION: a.

7

DEPTH:

15

54m

DATE

: 5-3-70

TIME :

0100

LAT

36°-53.

2'N

LONG: 12:

l°-

-33.4

W

WIND

: 315°

SPEED

: 10

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 49°

BARO: !

30

.06

CLOUD AMT: 10 |HEIGHT(FT): 100

SEA

315°-2

SWELL:

3 15° -4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

r

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04

S at

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

, 3

mg/m

[igAt/1

io

0

1489.7

10.41

3 18.4

0

6.41

2.49

0.66

1

1489.8

10.4,

3 19.3

3

7.43

4.86

0.66

3

1489.7

10.4'

3 19.3

10

7.09

5.08

0.81

9

1489.8

10.4.

3 19.7

20

6.87

4.92

0.99

20

1488.3

9.9'

+ 28.2

30

5.32

1.14

1.58

31

1485.8

9.2,

3 81.0

45

5.55

0.50

1.62

40

1486.3

9.2-

1 84.9

60

4.22

0.37

1.85

49

1486.4

9.2'

4 89.8

90

3.36

0.28

2.10

69

1484.9

8.7'

+ 85.0

89

1484.6

8.5'

+ 86.0

97

1484.2

8.3

3 89.0

1

149

STATION: H-

1

DEPTH :

950m

DATE

: 5-3-70

TIME :

0400

IAT

36°-5R.4

'N

LONG: ]22°-40.

5'W

WIND

315°

SPEED

: 8

AIR

TEMP(DRY)

: 48°

BARO: 30.04

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT)

100

SEA

315°-2

SWELL:

315c

'-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-
phyll

P04

S

°t

m

m/sec

°C

t/m

m

ml/1

mg/m |jg

kt/1

%o

0

1494.4

12.04

65.9

l

0

0. 13

0.51

3

1494.5

12.09

64.7

5

6.33

0.14

0.50

5

1494.6

12. 10

65.0

10

6.26

0.21

0.73

9

1493.2

11.57

69.6

18

--

1.17

0.90

18

1489.6

10.48

55.4

30

6.45

1.00

1.01

29

1488.9

10.16

62.9

50

6.11

1.20

1.30

37

1488.3

9.91

63.0

60

6.23

1.13

1.29

57

1487.5

9.56

67.6

90

5.59

1.16

1.53

71

1486.5

9.12

61.6

90

1486.2

8.96

52.0

STATION: H-2

DEPTH:

900m

DATE: 5-3-70

TIME : 0800

LAT

37°-02.6

'N

LONG: 122°-48.4

■w

WIND: 330°

SPEED: 13

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

49°

BARO: 29.98

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT): 100

SEA

330°-l

SWELL:

330O-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

0 Chloro-
phyll

P0, s a
4 t

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

3
ml/1 mg/m

LigAL/1 io

0

..

..

62.9

0

6.31 0.14

0.40

5

1495.7

12.4:

) 63.9

5

6.36 0.14

0.42

10

1495.8

12.4^

i 62.0

25

6.36 0.13

0.43

19

1495.4

12.2*

I 63.3

50

5.72 0.12

1.14

29

1495.3

12. 1<

) 64.9

100

3.87 0.16

1.73

38

1493.4

11.5

L 86. 1

49

1490.9

10.8'

t 88.5

58

1487.3

9.6

L 94.6

67

1488.0

9.7

L 91.5

75

1487.8

9.6'

t 92.0

83

1487.2

9.4

L 92.0

92

1486.1

9.0'

♦ 94.8

l

150

STATION: 1-1

DEPTH

310m

DATE: 5-3-70

TIME: 1000

LAT: 37°-10'N

LONG :

122°-45.8'W

WIND: 325°

SPEED: 10

AIR TEMP(DRY) :

490

BARO :

29.99

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) :

100

SEA: 3250-2

SWELL:

330u-4

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

f/m

m

°2
ml/1

Chloro-
phyll

/ 3

mg/m

P0,

HgAt/1 io

0
5
10
20
29
39
47
57
63
69
85
89
93

1495.0
1495.1
1495.2
1494.0
1490.6
1485.9

1485

1485

1485

1485

1485

1484.8

1484.4

12.22

12.24

12.23

11.78

10.86

9.40

9. 10

9.11

8.98

8.94

8.77

8.63

8.48

66.5
67.0
66.0
65.2
84.0
89.6
92.9
94.7
94.0
94.2
94.8
95.1
94.1

0

10

30

60

100

6.43
6.44
6.43
5.09
3.67

0.19
0. 15
0.11
0.11
0. 12

0.47
0.48
0.83
1.49
1.85

STATION: 1-2

DEPTH:

131m

DATE: 5-3-70

TIME: 1100

LAT: 37°-10'N

LONG: 122°-41.8'W

WIND: 320°

SPEED: 10

AIR TEMP (DRY) : 53°

BARO:

30.0

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT): 500

SEA: 320°-2

SWELL:

330°-4

1

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS
i/m

m m

1/1

Chloro- P04 S

phy 1 1

o

mg/m (jgAt/1 $0

0
5
9
18
29
38
48
55
68
79
85
98

1495.3
1495.3
1494.7
1489.2
1485.0
1485.7
1486.2
1486.2
1485.4
1485.1
1484.6
1484.2

12.30

12.30

12. 10

10.43

9.18

9.21

9.27

9.19

8.91

8.74

8.53

8.36

63.5
62.0
69.2
77.0
86.9
89.0
84.6
88.2
90.6
89.0
85. 1
77.8

0
10
20
45
65
100

4.06
5.28
4.23
4.32
3.74
4.27

0. 16
0.17
0.11
0.24
0.15
0.50

0.51
0.78
1.23
1.63
1.69
1.92

151

STATION: I-

3

DEPTH:

L09m

DATE

: 5-3-70

TIME :

1200

LAT

37°-ll.

0

N

LONG: 1220-38.5

'W

WIND

: 315°

SPEED

: 10

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

61°

BARO: 30.00

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT) : 1000 i

SEA

315°-

2

SWELL:

330°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-
phyll

P04

S at

m

m/sec

°C

#/m

m

ml/1

/ 3

mg/m

MgAt/1

i°

0

1493.3

11. 7C

62.7

1

0

_ _

0.41

0.79

4

1493.0

11.55

64.8

10

6.87

0.85

0.85

9

1491.8

11.18

60.8

20

6.74

1.18

1.10

18

1490.3

10.69

51.2

30

6.50

1.18

1.33

28

1488.3

9.94

46.0

40

5.59

1.43

1.57

32

1487.8

9.72

43.3

50

5.01

0.73

1.73

36

1487.9

9.75

43.1

60

4.98

0.74

1.77

45

1486.7

9.34

52.2

75

4.53

1.61

1.93

53

1485.6

8.94

71.5

60

1485.2

8.84

76.2

66

1485.3

8.79

78.8

73

1485.1

8.73

78.6

r.: ..:-., r^

STATION: 1-4

DEPTH: 95m

DATE

: 5-3-70

TIME :

1400

LAT

37°-10.9

'N

LONG: 1220-35

2 'W

WIND

: 320°

SPEED

: 12

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

56°

BARO: 2 9

95

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT): 1000

SEA

320°-3

SWELL: 330° -5

Z

SV

T

TRANS

i

Z

°2

Chloro-

P°4

S ot

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m \dg

At/1

$o

0

1492.6

11.2

1 9.5

0

9.10

2. 14 C

.31

2

1492.6

11.2

5 9.5

3

9.51

3.23 C

).36

5

1492.5

11.1

3 13.0

12

9.78

4.07 C

1.44

7

1491.2

10.8

3 10.0

20

6.75

2.59 ]

.33

10

1489.3

10.2

7 14.0 j

30

5.95

0.82 ]

.65

13

1487.7

9.7

6 15.8

45

4.59

0.93 ]

.92

18

1485.9

9.2

0 39.1

60

4.48

0.72 2

.03

27

1484.6

8.7

5 57.3

80

4.51

0.93 2

.05

36

1483.5

8.4

5 68.8

44

1483 . 5

8.4

2 70.6

56

1483.6

8.3

9 72.8

63

1483.8

8.3

8 71.8

70

1483.6

8.3

3 66.3

1

152

STATION: 1-5

DEPTH:

91

m

DATE

5-3-

70

TIME:

1515

LAT

37°-ll'N

LONG: 122^

-33.

2'W

WIND

3250

SPEED

: 12

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

56°

BARO: 29.

94

CLOUD AMT:

10

HEIGHT (FT) : 1000

SEA

325°-3

SWELL: 330

o_5

Z

SV

T

TRANS

z

°2

Chlorc
phyll

-

P04

S at

m

m/sec

°C

f/m

m

ml/1

mg/m

1

igAt/1

%o

0

1491.2

10.81

9.5

I

0

10. 12

2.84

0.33

3

1491.3

10.82

9.5

4

10.38

2.15

0.29

6

1491.2

10.77

9.6

15

7.52

1.47

1.08

11

1490.5

10.57

14.0

20

6.77

2.43

1.30

15

1487.0

9.56

33.8

25

6.36

2.45

1.39

21

1485.9

9.23

40.6

38

5.87

1.55

1.68

30

1484.6

8.80

56.7

50

6.13

1.07

1.62

40

1484.6

8.72

62.3

65

4.42

0.43

1.98

53

1483.9

8.48

49.8

80

3.68

0.93

2.14

62

1483.5

8.32

48.1

71

1483.3

8.22

53.0

80

1483 . 2

8. 16

50.5

1 r-^rrr.

STATION: I-I

5

DEPTH:

85m

DATE

: 5-3-

70

TIME :

1645

LAT

37°-10.8

'N

LONG: 122Q-31

3'W

WIND

: 330c

SPEED

: 14

AIR
SEA

TEMP (DRY) :

53°

BARO: 29

.93

CLOUD AMT:

10

| HEIGHT(FT) : 700

320°-3

SWELL: :

330°-5

Z

SV

T

TRANS

r

Z

°2

Chloro

-

P04

S ot

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/]

/ 3

mg/m

|igAt/l

$0

0

1489.9

10.4!

> 9.6

0

9.22

3.46

0.57

3

1489.8

10.3'

f 9.7

5

9.47

4.09

0.51

5

1489.6

10.2:

J 9. 1

20

6.70

3.72

1.24

10

1485.8

9.K

) 10.0

35

5.13

0.45

1.81

15

1484.9

8 . 8J

1 13.9

45

4.66

0.84

1.93

20

1484.3

8.6"

J 47.1

55

4. 10

0.55

2.01

25

1484. 1

8.5*

3 68.0

60

4.29

0.59

2.03

30

1483 . 8

8.5(

) 71.9

70

3.80

0.55

2.08

40

1483.6

8.4:

J 79.4

75

3.67

0.63

2.20

50

1483.6

8.3(

3 81.2

60

1483 . 6

8.3:

I 74.8

70

1483.4

8.3(

D 59.2

75

1483 . 5

8.2"

1 59.0

153

STATION: I

-7

DEPTH:

73m

DATE: 5-3-

70 TIME: 1800

LAT

37°-ir

N

LONG: 122°-29.1

•w

WIND: 340°

SPEED: 15

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 50°

BARO: 2 9.91

CLOUD AMT:

10

HEIGHT(FT): 500

SEA

3 20° -4

SWELL:

320°-8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

0 Chloro
phyll

P0. S n
4 t

m

m/sec

°C

$1*

m

ml/1 mg/m

IOgAt/1 $o

0

1489.2

10.21

10.2

1

0

8.27 5.59

0.70

5

1489.3

10.17

10.6

5

8.50 5.39

0.77

9

1488.9

10.09

13.2

15

7.01 4.11

1.13

15

1485.9

9.24

52.5

25

5.17 2.15

1.73

19

1484.9

9.02

73.0

50

4.26 0.41

2.02

30

1484.1

8.7C

81.9

40

1484.0

8.59

81.4

49

1483.9

8.51

79.5

59

1483.4

8.35

76.4

63

1483.2

8.2b

60.5

STATION: i-

8

DEPTH :

57m

■ -

DATE

: 5-3-70

TIME : 1900

LAT

37O-10.

k

■N

LONG: 12;

l°-26.

7'W

WIND

: 340°

SPEED: 16

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

49°

BARO: 29.91

CLOUD AMT: 10

| HEIGHT (FT) : 50

SEA

325°-4

SWELL:

325°

-8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

1

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04 S at

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m (JgAt/1 $0

0

1487.9

9.8.

> 16.2

0

7.62

2.56

1.00

6

1488.0

9.8;

> 16.6

5

7.57

2.52

1.00

10

1486.6

9.4<

? 39.6

15

5.64

1.49

1.65

16

1484.9

8.9'

1 70.7

20

5.05

0.72

1.85

19

1484.1

8.7^

+ 73.3

30

4.63

0.54

2.06

25

1483.6

8.5'

7 79.0

40

4.46

0.52

2.09

29

1483 . 6

8.5:

I 71.2

40

1483 . 6

8.5(

D 67.3

48

1483.7

8.41

5 68.9

154

STATION: 1-9

DEPTH:

3:

1m

T1)ATE: 5-3-70

TIME: 2 000

LAT

37°-10.9

'N

LONG :

L22

o_25

2'WJWIND: 335°

SPEED: 17

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

49°

BARO: 29.

91

1 CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT): 50

SEA

325°-4

SWELL:

330°-

8

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

0 Chloro-
phyll

P0. S n
4 t

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1 mg/m [igAt/1 $o

1

1486.0

9.35

28.8

i

0

6.34 2.17

1.57

6

1486.2

9.33

29.4

5

6.35 6.13

1.56

10

1486.2

9.32

29.8

10

6.16 3.76

1.65

15

1485.6

9.14

36.4

20

5.33 1.32

1.98

19

1484.9

8.94

45.3

24

1484.4

8.78

44.5

STATION: j-1

DEPTH: 33m

DATE: 5-3-70

TIME: 2100

LAT: 37°-15.8'N

LONG: 122°-27.5'W

WIND: 325°

SPEED: 13

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 49°

BARO: 2 9.93

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT): 75

SEA: 320°-3

SWELL: 320°-7

I

SV

m

m

/sec

TRANS

4/

■p/m

m m

1/1

Chloro-
phyll

mg/m

P0,

|agAt/l %o

0

5

9

15

20

25

1489.4
1489.6
1488.8
1486.0
1484.7
1483.7

10.26

10.26

10.05

9.26

8.91

8.57

11.0
11.0

17
39

53.0
56.6

0

5

11

22

8.34
8.58
8.31
4.87

5.16
4.82
5.89
0.86

0.86
0.86
0.93
2.02

155

STATION: J-2

DEPTH: 38m

DATE: 5-3-70

TIME: 2200

IAT: 37°-21.6'N

LONG: 122°-29.6'W

WIND: 315°

SPEED: 10

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 49°

BARO: 29.94

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) :

100

SEA: 315°-2

SWELL: 315°-6

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

ih

°2
ml/1

Chloro
phyll
3

P0,

g/m (jgAt/1

0
6
9
14
20
24
28

1488.2
1488.2
1488. ]
1485.2
1484.3
1483.9
1484.0

9.93
9.93
9.87
9.06
8.74
8.64
8.62

19.0
19.4
21.4
72.3
63.2
54.9
39.8

0

5

15

23

30

7.95
8.15
6.05
4.66
3.82

3.86
2.89
2.49
0.70
1.48

1.07
1.10
1.68
2.15
2.45

STATION: J-3

DEPTH:

45m

-

DATE

: 5-3-70

TIME: 2330

IAT

37°-26.7

■N

LONG: 12 2 °-

-31.

7

w

WIND

315°

SPEED: 8

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

49°

BARO:

29

.97

CLOUD AMT: 10

j HEIGHT(FT) : 100

SEA

315°-2

SWELL:

315°-

h

Z

SV

T

TRANS

r '

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04 S ot

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m (jgAt/1 $o

0

1490.2

10.5

'4 9.5

0

9.70

6.71

0.49

5

1490.3

10.5

3 9.3

5

11.21

4.28

0.51

10

1486.7

9.5

1 31.5

15

7.30

2.82

1.46

16

1484.8

8.9

3 54.3

20

5.79

1.47

1.87

21

1484.2

8.7

2 61.7

29

4.50

0.85

2.26

26

1483.8

8.5

9 63.0

35

4.70

0.48

2.33

31

1483.8

8.5

8 63.3

36

1484.0

8.5

8 39.4

39

1484.0

8.5

8 36.2

156

STATION: j-

':

DEPTH :

39m

DATE

: 5-4-70

TIME:

0100

LAT

37°-31.

9

'N

LONG: 122°-33.

4'W

WIND

315°

SPEED

: 8

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 51°

BARO: 29.95

CLOUD AMT:

10

HEIGHT(FT): 100

SEA

315°-

2

SWELL:

315c

-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-
phyll

P04

s ot

m

m/sec

°C

5&/m

m

ml/1

/ 3

mg/m

MgAt/1

%o

0

1494.3

9.92

19.8

I

0

7.36

3.65

1.44

4

1486.6

9.74

20.4

4

7.61

4.18

1.49

8

1485.6

8.98

24.1

12

6.89

3.89

1.51

12

1484.7

8.80

64.9

16

6.12

3.93

1.81

16

1484.0

8.66

59.2

25

4.81

0.71

2.32

19

1483.9

8.64

57.0

29

4.98

0.71

2.33

25

1484. 1

8.64

56.0

29

1484.0

8.61

53.7

33

1484.2

8.61

52.4

STATION: K- 1

DEPTH:

46m

DATE

: 5-4-70

ItIME: 0200

LAT

37°-31.6

'N

LONG: 122°-35.2

W

WIND

: 315°

1 SPEED: 8

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

52°

BARO:

29.92

CLOUD AMT: 10

| HEIGHT(FT) : 100

SEA

315°-2

SWELL:

315°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-

po4 s ot

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

f/m

m

ml/1

mg/m [igAl/l ioo

0

4.1

0

_ _

5.87

0.52

3

1492.3

ii. i:

I 5.2

5

9.69

5.81

0.48

5

1492.1

10.5;

I 5.5

15

6.73

5.25

1.61

9

1485.9

9.3:

I 31.4

20

5.74

3.03

1.90

12

1484.4

8.8

5 64.0

25

5.40

1.37

2.11

15

1483.8

8.5'

3 76.9

35

5.04

1.16

2.39

20

1483.8

8.6;

I 73.8

24

1483.8

8.5

1 68.5

29

1483.8

8.5

3 52.9

34

1484.0

8.5

3 35.8

40

1484.0

8.5

7 24.2

157

STATION: K-

2

DEPTH:

48m

DATE

: 5-4-

70 TIME:

0335

IAT

37°-32.

l'N

LONG: 122°-37.

l'W

WIND

: 315°

SPEED

: 10

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 51°

BARO: 29.95

CLOUD AMT:

10

HEIGHT(FT) : 100

SEA

310O-2

SWELL:

315^

-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chlorc
phyll

P0,

4

1

S ot

m

m/sec

°C

f/m

m

ml/1

/ 3

mg/m

LlgAt/1

$0

0

1493.6

11.65

5.0

i

0

10.56

2.65

0.38

3

1493.5

11.64

5.0

5

9.93

6.20

0.51

6

1493.5

11.66

4.6

12

6.65

7.54

1.63

8

1487.1

9.78

17.2

20

5.30

1.17

2.09

12

1486 . 6

9.42

39.2

27

4.99

0.63

2.13

15

1485.3

9.10

69.4

40

5.08

0.93

2.38

20

1484.5

8.86

69.2

24

1483.6

8.58

69 6

27

1483.7

8.56

63.7

34

1483.7

8.56

59.2

38

1483.8

8.55

52.4

40

1483.9

8.56

27.5

-^ ■■... . rr. ■ —

STATION: K-3

DEPTH : 50m

DATE: 5-4-70

TIME: 0435

LAT: 37°-31.9'N

LONG: 122°-38.7'W

WIND: 315°

SPEED: 10

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 51°

BARO: 29.95

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) :

100

SEA: 315°-2

SWELL: 315°-4

SV

TRANS

m

m

/sec

*/

m

m m

1/1

Chloro-
phy 1 1
3

tn

g/

in

PO,

UgAt/1 $o

0

2

5

8

11

14

20

24

30

34

40

44

1492.3
1492.3
1492.4
1492.3
1486.8
1486.0

1484
1483
1483
1483
1483
1483

11.35

11.34

11.34

11.28

9.52

9.28

8.75

8

53

52
53
52
53

5.3
5.3
5.4
14.5
19.0
35.5
67.8
62,
65
65
42
24

0
3

17
24
29
44

10.48
10.59

5.36
5.17
4.68

6.30
2.72
4.55
1.77
0.69
2.17

0.38

0.37
1.42
1.83
2.15
2.50

158

STATION: K-4

DEPTH: 57m

DATE: 5-4-70

TIME: 0530

LAT: 37°-32.2'N

LONG: 122°-41.3'W

WIND: 310°

SPEED: 9

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 50°

BARO: 29.96

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) :

700

SEA: 310°-2

SWELL: 300°-6

L^_

m

SV

tn/sec

TRANS

'm

m m

1/1

Chloro-
phyll

/ 3

mg/m

P0,

ugAt/i $o

0

3

5

8

11

14

17

21

24

29

35

39

44

50

1492.6
1492.7
1492.8
1492.8
1487.4
1486.3
1485.7
1484.8
1484.6
1484.3
1484.1
1484.1
1484.1
1483.4

11.41

11.40
11.44
11.42
9.73
9.36
9.15
8.90
8.82
8.70
8.65
8.59
8.57
8.38

22
22
22
21

1
2
2

2
8.9
19.0
43.7
54.6
56.1
62.2
58.4
59.7
54.3
29.8

0

5

12

29

44
47

10.72
10.61
9.04
6.03
5.28
4.85

0.57
2.20
3.85
1.08
1.53
1.98

0.34
0.29
0.40
1.64
1.92
2.11

STATION: k-5

1 "

DEPTH :

64m

DATE

: 5-4-70

TIME :

0635

IAT: 37°-31.9

*N

LONG: 122°-43.1

W

WIND

: 310°

SPEED

: 9

AIR TEMP (DRY) :

50°

BARO: 29.96

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT): 800

SEA: 310°-2

SWELL:

300°-6

Z SV

T

TRANS

I

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04

s at

phy 1 1

m m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

, 3

mg/m

|-lgAt/l

%o

0 1492.5

11.1

8 31.8

i

0

9.32

1.44

0.15

3 1492.6

11.2

6 31.7

5

9.79

1.52

0.11

5 1492.6

11.2

f4 32.9

10

9.87

2.26

0.18

9 1490.6

10.5

9 16.7

29

6.35

1.54

1.54

14 1485.6

9.2

9 32.9

39

5.44

0.71

1.85

20 1485.0

8.9

6 39.0

52

4.63

4.14

2.32

24 1484.1

8.6

9 60.9

29 1484.1

8.6

6 58.0

34 1484.2

8.6

6 58.7

39 1484.1

8.6

2 59.3

44 1483.9

8.5

4 33.1

48 1483.7

8.4

4 22.2

■

52 1483.6

8.4

0 20.5

57 1483.7

8.3

9 14.9

159

STATION: K-6

DEPTH:

77m

DATE: 5-4-70

TIME : 0800

IAT: 37°-31.6'N

LONG :

122°-46.9'W

WIND: 320°

SPEED: 9

AIR TEMP (DRY) : 50u

BARO:

2 9.94

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) : 900

SEA: 32 0°- 1

SWELL:

300°-6

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

i/v*

m

°2
ml/1

Chloro
phyll
3

P0,

m

g/m pgAt/1

0
5
10
15
25
34
47
58
62
66

1486.2
1487.3
1487.4
1487.5
1485.5
1485.5
1484.4
1484 . k
1484.5
1484.4

9.76
9.7 6
9.75
9.72
9.14
8.78
8.64
8.63
8.59
8.58

62.3
62.3
45.9
33.4
78.5
70.8
65.7
62.2
61.6
63.3

0
10
30
40
60

6.16
6.44
5.18
5.06
5.17

1.04
2. 18
0.89
1.06
1.29

1.20
1.13
1.70
1.77
1.86

STATION: K-7

DEPTH:

86m

DATE: 5-4-70

TIME : 0900

LAT: 37°-32"N

LONG: 122°-49.9'W

WIND: 315°

SPEED: 8

AIR TEMP (DRY) :

53°

BARO :

29.96

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) : 1000

SEA: 310°-2

SWELL:

310°-5

I

Ill

SV

m/sec

TRANS

i/i

m

1/1

Chloro-
phyll
3

m

*/

in

P0,

IJgAt/l $o

0
5
9
20
30
40
48
56
65
71
79

1489.6
1489.8
1489.7
1489.6
1489.5
1488.8
1488.0
1485.5
1484.9
1484.1
1483.4

10.49

10.50

10.46

10.37

10.30

10.10

9.74

8.99

8.76

8.46

8.21

63.1
62.4
61.3
59.8
59.4
59.9
46.4
86.7
87.2
87.9
74.1

0
10
30
40
50
60

6.67
6.76
6.63
6.25
4.82

0.62
0.83
0.94
1.66
0.35
0.28

0.89
0.92
0.98
1.11
1.70
1.78

160

STATION: K~

3

DEPTH:

100m

DATE

: 5-4-70

TIME :

1000

LAT

: 37°-32.3

'N

LONG: 122°- 54. 5

'W

WIND

: 310°

SPEED

: 8

, AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 55°

BARO:

29.96

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) :

1000

SEA

: 310°-2

SWELL: 315°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-
phyll

P04

S

at

m

m/sec

°C

*/m

m

ml/1

mg/m fig

At/1

$o

0

1491.2

10.98

i 61.2

i

0

6.65

0.42 0

.73

5

1491.4

11.02

61.2

7

6.97

0.82 0

.71

9

1491.3

10.91

L 53.8

20

5.37

0.56 1

.28

18

1488.5

10.11 75.8

30

4.89

0.33 1

.50

29

1485.6

9.2/

' 86.6

50

4.08

0.33 1

.75

39

1485.7

9.15 87.0

70

3.50

0.16 1

.87

58

1484.9

8.79 89.0

90

3.65

0.23 1

.98

76

1484.0

8.46 88.6

84

1483.4

8.24 86.1

88

1483.4

8.22 85.5

91
i

1483.3

8.18 82.6

STATION: K-9

DEPTH:

167m

DATE

5-4-70

TIME :

120C

LAT:

37°-31.2'

N

LONG: 12

20-58'W

WIND

315°

SPEED

: 13

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

59°

BARO:

30.02

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGH'

r(FT):

1000

SEA:

315°-2

SWELL:

315°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-

pcv,

s

°t

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m fig-

kt/1

%o

0
6
9
15
19
28
39
56
71
89

1493.9
1493.9
1491.4
1490.3
1489.4
1487.7
1485.4
1484.8
1484.3
1484.2

11.88
11.87
11.04
10.62
10.37

9.75
9.13
8.75
8.54
8.46

68.2
68.8
63.5
67.9
70.0
65.6
83.6
90.2
90.2
90.6

0
10
15
25
40
70
100

56
46
72
,53
,38
,73
,84

0.15
0.28
0.35
0.41
0.49
0.11
0.09

0.61
0.76
0.85
1.10
1.50
1.86
1.97

161

STATION:

10

DEPTH:

755m

DATE

: 5-4-70

TIME :

1330

LAT

37°-32.3

*N

LONG: 123°-03.8

■w

WIND

: 315°

SPEED

: 14

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 58°

BARO: 30.00

CLOUD AMT: <

3

HEIGHT (FT) : 4000

SEA

315°-2

SWELL:

315°-4

i

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-
phyll

P04

S ct

m

m/sec

°C

#/m

m

ml/1

/ 3

mg/rn

[igAt/1

$o

0

1495.1

12.27

72.6

0

6.42

0.11

0.46

6

1495.3

12.28

72.6

10

6.02

0.14

0.48

9

1495.3

12.25

73.1

15

5.98

0.10

0.74

14

1495.2

12.20

76.5

25

6.58

0.13

0.99

19

1488.7

10.27

90.8

36

6.36

0.18

1.15

24

1489.8

10.48

87.7

50

5.96

0.69

1.45

29

1489.8

10.45

88.4

67

5.58

0.89

1.56

38

1488.2

9.93

78.7

100

3.85

0.22

1.95

47

1487 . 1

9.47

75.4

61

1486.2

9.13

81.8

75

1485.5

8.86

80.6

93

1484.1

8.39

96.0

100

1484. 1

8.34

96.0

STATION: K-

LI

DEPTH :

1175m

DATE

: 5-4-70

TIME :

1500

LAT

37°-32.4

N

LONG: 123O-09.3

W

WIND

: 310°

SPEED

: 14

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 55o

BARO: 29.99

CLOUD AMT: 7

HEIGHT (FT)

4000

SEA

305°-2

SWELL:

3150-4'

Z

SV

T

TRANS

l

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04

S

°t

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

$/m

m

ml/1

mg/m

MgAt/1

%o

0

1494.4

12.0

& 63.8

1

0

6.44

0.16

0.50

4

1494.6

12.0

7 61.8

5

6.46

0.17

0.50

8

1494.3

11.9

3 60.6

15

6.51

0.15

0.66

15

1494.0

11.8

7 71.0

36

6.19

0.14

1.22

21

1489.8

10.5

8 75.8

41

5.75

0.14

1.33

24

1489.9

10.5

1 80.1

55

5.19

0.12

1.54

34

1488.2

9.9

7 85.1

68

5.57

0.54

1.58

44

1487.8

9.7

5 82.3

80

5.44

0.44

1.77

54

1486.8

9.4

0 87.5

100

6.08

0.11

0.64

72

1486.6

9.2

3 76.5

88

1486.0

8.9

8 79.5

100

1486.0

8.8

6 84.2

162

STATION: L- 1

DEPTH:

1463m

DATE

: 5-4-

70

TIME:

1645

LAT

37°-36.8

N

LONG: 123°-15.'

WW

WIND

: 300°

SPEED

: 14

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

52°

BARO: 30.00

CLOUD AMT:

5

HEIGHT(FT) : 3700

SEA

305°-2

SWELL:

310°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro
phyll

" P04

s ot

m

m/sec

°C

*/m

m

ml/1

mg/m

IJgAt/1

$0

0

1491.6

11.07

64.7

0

7.07

0.25

0.89

5

1491.8

11.09

66.4

5

6.90

0.25

0.86

10

1490.3

10.61

68.5

10

6.94

0.22

0.89

14

1487.9

9.91

61.2

15

6.81

0.40

1.09

19

1487.1

9.64

55.8

30

6.04

1.43

1.39

24

1486.8

9.52

58.2

50

5.09

0.72

1.75

34

1486.3

9.32

70.4

75

4.92

0.22

1.88

44

1485.5

9.05

83.3

100

5. 17

0.26

1.88

55

1485.2

8.9C

89.3

150

3.22

0. 12

2.09

64

1485.0

8.75

90. 1

200

3.89

0.21

2.06

75

1485.0

8.72

88.4

84

1484.6

8.57

88.0

100

1484.9

8.55

87.0

STATION: L-2

DEPTH :

146m

DATE

: 5-4-70

TIME :

1800

LAT

37°-42.2'I

M

LONG: 123°-07

7'W

WIND

■ 290°

SPEED

: 14

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

55 o

BARO: 30.00

CLOUD AMT: 4

HEIGHT(FT) : 3500

SEA

300°-2

SWELL: 310°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-

P04

s ot

phyll

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1

mg/m

HgAt/1

f>o

0

1489.4

10.4(

3 77.2

0

6.46

0.17

1.00

5

1489.4

10.4.

5 77.5

5

6.71

0.21

1.03

11

1485.4

9.3

5 83.8

15

5.55

0.20

1.26

15

1484.6

8.9

3 85.0

30

5.30

0.51

1.44

21

1485.3

9.1

5 84.2

50

4.83

0.31

1.65

31

1485.4

9.1

3 84.7

75

3.42

0.11

1.97

40

1485.8

9.1

5 84.7

100

3.38

0. 12

2.03

59

1484.6

8.7

3 89.3

78

1483.6

8.4

D 90.9

94

1482.5

7.9

f4 83.9

163

STATION: L-3

DEPTH:

71m

DATE

: 5-4-70

TIME:

2000

LAT

37°-47.7

»N

LONG: 122°-59.7

W

WIND

: 290°

SPEED

: 13

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

53°

BARO: 30.02

CLOUD AMT:

8

HEIGHT (FT): 1500

SEA

2 80° -2

SWELL:

290°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chloro-
phyll

P04

S at

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

in

ml/1

mg/m

|igAt/l

u

0

1489.2

10.19

6.1

l

0

9.06

2.62

0.67

6

1489.2

10. 17

6.1

5

9.28

3.23

0.42

10

1487.3

9.65

10.9

20

5.89

0.76

1.58

20

1485. 1

8.95

32. 1

30

4.81

1.37

1.86

31

1483.9

8.6C

52.2

45

4.40

1.95

1.96

39

1483.5

8.43

70.8

60

4.20

1. 16

2.08

49

1483.3

8.36

68.2

.

59

1482.8

8. 16

61.5

63

1482.1

7.92

51.8

STATION: L-

4

DEPTH :

55m

-■

DATE: 5-4-70

TIME: 2130

LAT

37°-52.6'

N

LONG: 1220-52

5'W

WIND: 295°

SPEED: 19

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 54°

BARO:

30

04

CLOUD AMT: 10 !HEIGHT(FT): 1500

SEA

295°-4

SWELL:

290°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

i

Z

0 Chloro-
phyll

P04 s at

m

m/sec

°C

$/m

m

3

m 1 / 1 mg /m

tagAt/i $o

0

1488.3

9.9'

* 12.0

0

8.36 2.67

0.69

5

1488.4

9.9'

* 11.7

10

8.37 4.06

0.72

10

1488.4

9.9.

5 11.7

25

5.79 1.07

1.69

15

1486.4

9.4;

I 28.7

45

4.74 0.94

1.98

19

1484.6

8.8"

1 67. 1

29

1484.1

8.6.

5 72.7

39

1483.6

8.4'

3 78.1

44

1483.6

8.4'

\ 63.5

49

1483.6

8.4'

+ 52.9

1

164

STATION: M-l

DEPTH: 47m

DATE: 5-4-7 0

TIME: 22 00

IAT: 37U-53.2'N

LONG: 122°-49.2'W

WIND: 295u

SPEED: 20

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 54°

BARO: 30.05

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) :

1500

SEA: 295°-4

SWELL: 290°-4

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

i/

m

°2
ml/1

Chloro- P0,

phyll
3

mg/m iagAt/1

0
4
8
14
19
23
28
32
38

1488.3
1488.4
1488.4
1486.2
1484.8
1484.6
1484.3
1484. 1
1483.7

9.94
9.96
9.92
9.32
8.91
8.83
8.71
8.65
8.51

9.8
9.8
10.4
29.7
64.1
67.0
69.6
69.0
46.1

0

5

10

20

30

9.04
8.74
9. 12
6.38
5.63

2.41
6.33
4.82
1.52
1.00

0.51
0.53
0.60
1.49
1.69

STATION: M-2

DEPTH:

52m

. .-

DATE: 5-4-70

TIME: 2330

LAT

37°-49'N

LONG : i;

>2°-48

8'W

WIND: 2 90°

SPEED: 14

AIR

TEMP (DRY) :

54°

BARO:

30.04

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) : 1500

SEA

290°-4

SWELL:

290°-

-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

z

0 Chloro-
phy 1 1

P0. S a

H- t*

m

m/sec

°C

f/m

m

3
ml/1 mg/m

HgAt/1 $o

0

1487.0

9.5

8 17.7

0

7.41 6.18

0.94

6

1487.0

9.6

0 16.6

10

7.53 3.77

1.15

10

1486.4

9.4

4 32.3

25

5.76 0.78

1.70

19

1484.8

8.9

1 54.9

30

6.03 0.88

1.72

29

1484.2

8.7

0 71.0

40

5.16 0.69

1.86

34

1483.9

8.6

0 67.6

39

1483.7

8.5

1 61.8

43

1483.8

8.5

0 55.7

165

STATION: M-3

DEPTH:

46

>m

DATE: 5-5-7 0

TIME : 0045

IAT

37°-46.4

N

LONG: 12 2 c

'-46

9'W

WIND: 280°

SPEED: 10

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

52°

BARO: 30.

03

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT) : 1000

SEA

280°-4

SWELL: 28C

)°-4

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

0o Chloro- PO. S o
2 phyll 4 fc

rn

m/sec

°C

*/m

m

ml/1 mg/m~ (jgAt/1 $o

0

1484.6

8.95

49.6

0

6.05 0.72 1.67

3

1484.8

8.94

49.8

3

4.91 0.36 1.88

5

1484 . 7

8.94

50.4

10

5.68 1.02 1.77

9

1484.8

8.93

50.3

15

6.15 0.87 1.97

20

1483.0

8.43

65.2

29

4.74 0.7 7 2.16

25

1483.4

8.40

51.0

30

1482.9

8.33

55.5

40

1483.0

8.32

49.0

42

1483. 1

8.33

47.0

STATION: m-4

DEPTH :

36m

DATE: 5-5-70

TIME: 0200

LAT

37°-43.5'

N

LONG: 122°-44.5

*W

WIND: 270°

SPEED: 9

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

: 50°

BARO :

30.02

CLOUD AMT: 10 j HEIGHT (FT): 1000

SEA

270°-3

SWELL:

270°-5

Z

SV

T

TRANS

I

Z

0 Chloro- PO^ S a
phy 1 1 t

m

m/sec

°C

i/m

m

ml/1 mg/m (jgAt/1 $0

0

1490.3

10.7'

L 16.0

0

8.54 4.82 0.83

3

1490.3

10.7:

J 16.1

3

8.56 2.96 0.83

5

1490.3

10.7:

I 15.2

10

7.45 1.25 1.45

9

1488.8

10.2:

\ 38.1

15

6.29 0.93 2.17

12

1485.2

9.4

L 65.0

29

4.41 1.03 2.24

15

1483.5

8.5"

1 67.0

19

1483.2

8.4:

I 54.2

24

1482.8

8.3:

5 44.0

29

1482.8

8.2*

5 36.6

30

1482.7

8.2!

3 33.1

166

STATION: M-5

DEPTH: 33m

DATE: 5-5-70

TIME: 0300

IAT: 37U-40.2'N

LONG: 122°-42.1'W

WIND: 270°

SPEED: 10

AIR TEMP(DRY) : 50°

BARO: 30.01

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT (FT) : 1000

SEA: 270°-3

SWELL: 270°-5

m

SV

m/sec

TRANS

#/m

°2
ml/1

Chloro-
phyll

mg/m

P0,

C!

LtgAt/i $>o

o

3
5
10
14
21
25
28

1490.0

1490.0

1490.1

1487

1484

1483

1483

1483

10.81
10.76
10.81
9.82
8.75
8.48
8.45
8.44

19.1
19.1
18.8
44.0
67.0
44.9
36.5
33.6

0

3

8

12

24

6.59
7.23
6.84
7.24
5.47

1.15

1.55
2.86
3.90
1.73

1.35
1.40
1.10
0.98
1.60

STATION: m-6

DEPTH :

36m

DATE: 5-5-70

TIME: 0400

LAT: 370-37. 5' N

LONG: 122°-40.2'W

WIND: 27 0°

SPEED: 10

AIR TEMP (DRY) : 50°

BARO:

30.00

CLOUD AMT: 10

HEIGHT(FT) :

1000

SEA: 270°-3

SWELL:

270°-6

!

SV

TRANS

m

in

/sec

i/i

m m

1/1

Chloro- P04 S

phyll

o

mg/m (agAt/1 $°

0
3
5

11
15
20
24
31

1490.3
1490.6
1490.7
1486.1
1485.5
1484.4
1484.0
1483.7

10.80
10.87
10.87
9.40
9.09
8.76
8.64
8.54

23.0
22.8
21.2
46.8
48.3
61.9
60.4
18.0

2

11
14
17
25

8.36
8.61
7.18
6.54
5.52

2.91
4.51
5.05
3. 17
0.92

0.87
0.65
0.96
1.41
1.62

167

STATION: M-7

DEPTH:

29m

DATE

: 5-5-

70

TIME: 0530

LAT

37°-37.3

N

LONG: 123°-36

6'W

WIND

:

SPEED:

AIR

TEMP (DRY)

51°

BARO :

30.02

CLOUD AMT:

10

HEIGHT (FT) : 500

SEA

270°-3

SWELL:

290°-

■6

Z

SV

T

TRANS

Z

°2

Chlorc
phyll

P0. S o,
4 t

m

m/sec

°C

"*/m

m

ml/1

/ 3

mg/m

LigAt/1 $o

0

1489.5

10.62

18.1

!

0

6.69

1.50

1.60

3

14S9.4

10.41

18.1

5

6.64

2.91

1.49

5

1487.3

9.21

17.0

10

6.52

6.50

1.42

10

1484.8

8.78

27.8

16

5.39

0.48

1.65

15

1483.6

8.59

40.8

20

4.84

0.75

1.86

20

1483.8

8.60

32.8

23

1483.8

8.60

27.0

'

24

1483.8

8.60

23.0

STATION:

DEPTH :

DATE:

TIME :

LAT:

LONG:

WIND:

SPEED:

AIR TEMP (DRY) :

BARO:

CLOUD AMT:

HEIGHT (FT) :

SEA:

SWELL:

Z SV T TRANS
m m/sec C %/m

Z 0„ Chloro- PO, S a

phyll t
o
m ml/1 mg/m (jgAt/1 $o

i

168

TABLE II

Particle Size Distributions

169

co

d

o
o

u

CJ

cu
6
co

C

QJ
.— I
CO
>

•r-l

cr

w

c

CO

rJ

CD
JO

E

3
P3

0)

c
c

CO

X!

G\

00

X!

ex r-~
to

vO

m

<t

CN

CN

CN

co

«st

m

^D

CO

o

c_>

o

CM

n^

w

CO

> H

1

m 2;

o

H t^

r— 1

38

X

w
1 >

1

3

B^

o
>

3

K

Ph

H

s

CO

Q

w

W

H

a

<d

M

Q

H

2

o

t-l

T— 1

H

1

<!

<

H

CO

<j-OroLOcNjo^cNias

CM CN CM i— I CM r- 1

cMroOi—i<i-rocTvr^

vO vO CO CN r- It— I sf CM

HinsfChCNliAvfsT

ro co <— i >— • •— i cm i— i

N <)■ vO N i- 1 N n N

■— it— i n o> in co in o>

CM CM <-H •— I

noo*o<t<t\D

CM CM i-< ■— l

<J"CTiOm<tCM00O

ONOMAfM<f(Min
CM •— I r-l

ONr^o<j-cr\cooin
oOsfooior-icNinco

I— I t— I r-l

r^r-~cTLOt—ir-icMCM

CM r-l r-l

C<JCOCMN\DH<fin

(DCMomoHcoH

CM r-l r-l

COCMvONNMOOin
^O^OvO^fOOinO

r-l r-l r-l

COOOr-fO— ((NJOOCO
r—vOcMCMOOCOO

<rcOr--<t-rHOOrH
r-IOOOOOcMO

COCMCMrHOOcOO

oooooooo

CMCMr-lt—IOOcMO

oooooooo

rioaiOvonvo-j
mOvoocM<fr-ir^.

LOLOCOCMr- Ir— l<J-r— I

<f<]-OCMLnOr-lcM

NirHDHHc\|C^n

<J CO r-l r-l CO

ocNmomooo

r-i ■— I CM CO vO

•r-l O

r-l CO

CTl CX r-l

CM <J r-l

<t rv CN H 00<f

CO CM i -I 00 m <f

r-l CO O r^ CO r-l

co ono<f h

CM rH

oo o Mn st co

CT\ r-l CO -3" O CM

CO CO vO vO in CN

CM r-,

N sf in Cft C?i |-v

on in m co r- co

CO <f CO I — CM r-l

<f <f n o mo

vD <t <)■ O 0\ 00
CM rH CM CO r-l

CM CO r-l <f 00 O

CO r-^ co co co *£>

CM CM CM rH

r-i m r-i o cr\ <j-

c\ <j- m m co <f

i—l r— I r— I

o o r-i co r>. co

r-- m in r-i o co

rH rH rH

CTi vO v£> "J" <f 00

co

CM

Ol

r— 1

rH
rH

CM

CM

CO

O

CM

O

m

co

CM

rH

r— 1

00

rH

co

rH

CM

rH

CM

<

CM

00

rH

CM
00

m

rH

CT\

CN

rH

rH

CN

rH

00

m

CM

CO

CO

CTn

v£>

«tf

VO

in

o

o

vO md m r^- co rH

CM rH rH r— I O O

in in in <}• o rH

o o o o o o

CM CM CM "-H O O

o o o o o o

in r-~ r-~ cm co o

h h. n <f rv co

rH CO in O in rH

r— I CM r— I r— I

cm co o co o r-»

\0 In in. N CO st
vj CM CM CO

o m o o m o
rH cm co m

•h o

rJ co

ON fl,CO
CM < rH

170

CO

CM
I

o

c
o

CO

u

•H

u

CU

x:
a,
en

■u
d

o
r- 1
CO

>

cr

w

d
CO

<u
x>

E

D

d
d
co

-d

u

00

^D

m

CM

OJ

CO

vO

oo

<~j

o

CM
CO

w

■o

1

>

H

1

£>

h-l

S5

o

o

3

O

1—1

i

>

£

g

H

3

o

3

o
>

a

w

P-<

H

5

P-i

CO

Q

w

W

H

S

<!

n

Q

H

r~-

&

o

CO

CM

1—1

t— i

H

«J

x^

<d

« — N

H

o

CO

vD

mvCmst'-IOCO

ON N i-l N (Ti O N
vD CM O ■— I t— ) on r-»
<)• CO CM <— I i— I i—l

O ■— I MO On OO CO vO

CM <t LO ■— ' CO 00 O
00 ^O <f CM CM •— ' CM

vo <)• vd <y> vo o n

O <t -<f CO CM CO <-*

<J" CO CM r- < ■— I ■— I i— '

N MO On Oisf

vO CM in i—l 00 ON 00
CM CM r-< r-l

<)■ CO ^D vt O c^ r-

r-l O CO 00 vD vO -£>
CM CM >-<

r^ vD CM O ON vO 00

ir» vo r-i ^o co <t <f

r-l i— I i— I

H <f CO CTi lO Ch N

CM <t 00 m CM CO CO

r-l r-l

O r~ r- 1 I— 1 |^ in <f

cm >n oo <j- i-l CM CM

1—1 1— I

N H (M vO Cfi N HI

r-H 00 <— I CM O ■— t i— '

T— I 1— I 1— I

>0 N O N vt N N

<j- vO i— ' ■— * O O i— •

1—1 1—1 1—1

r^- CO 00 f— I cm CM vD

*£> On m r-l O O O

co o r^ in o o cm

CM CO ■— • O O O O

r^ in -d" i— i o o o

o o o o o o o

CM CM <—. I O O O O

o o o o o o o

\0 ON CT> ON O CM ON

r-i in in oo oo m co

r-^ in co r~t -— < •— < cm

co in o r-«. •— ' on i— i
r-- in oo md cm cm <f
co <t cm

m o o m o o m
i— i cm co m \o r-

•h o

>-i o

on cl in

CM < i— I

•vf

r^r^oooNOcooNco

I— I 4 <f r- 1 r— I CM r» Ol

i— i on i— i on ■— i r-~ on <t

CM <— I CM i— 1 CM i— 1 i—l

sfCM>OHNrr|NCO

ONini— i \f on n n

sfsf^NflOvfCNJCO

OONCOCOONCONO

oo^ooNinmco,>Or— i

CMCMCMCMCMCM'— (CM

cooocM<fmcMr^co

ONOcMOOOooom

'-'NCM'-'CM'-li-IH

ooooo^ooNO^or--
inr^\£><t,-oinr^i— t

T— » i — I I — I i — I ■ — ( ! — I r— I

r— I ON CO vD vO CO vO CM

CM"— i <— <ONr— loinoN

i — I r — ( 1 — I i—l i—l

vOCOOOu-NcOCM^Om

COCONvDCOtvstvO

CNinNMnr^coco

|NVOiOiTiCOvCN<t

o o in ■— icor- 1 i— ico

COONvDOOCMOt— ILO

l-< 1—1 1—1

mocMOomomm

nooNcococoOst
i—i i—i

ONCOOOi— lr— ICO'- ''— *

COCOCOCMCMCMOt-1

rv \o »o sf n io r- ico
oooooooo

•— I r-l N N O r- (Oi— I

oooooooo

1— I i— I I— li— IOr— I O O

OOOOOOOO

<t<tr-iv£>r^ooaNco
ooinoocor^.'— ino^o

CO CO CO CO CO CO •— 'CM

oo<fcommom<t

COONCOm^OvDCMON

CM i — I i — I i — I i — I i — I

omoinmomo

•— < <— ' cm <f m r^

•h m

ON d, \D

N < H

171

en

CM

CM

CM

I— 1

m

I— 1

CM

r-

o

i— i

n

r-l

CO

u

N^

(D

S—

4-1

O

QJ

o

B

ON

CO

<*

•r-l

o

<t

r— 1

o

CO

00

u

m

•r-i

^i

/— -

QJ

m

x:

en

■M

ex

r^

.

1

CO

vr>

O

rH

4-1

<»">

e

o

X

a)

o

i—i

vO

.

w

CO

OO

■U

>

^^^

C

•r-l

<"">

3

3

00

o

cr

o

O

Ed

m

o

X)

r-l

c

V— '

CO

J -

r-«.

U

V

«st

CM

X>

r-l

B

V-^

3

£5

O

t— i

o~

vjD

OJ

r-l

c

^-x

c

/">

CO

CM

J3

•

CJ

CM

O
CM

o

CM

CO

w

m

1

>

H

i

!=>

M

S2

o

O

3

r3

O

r-l
X

i

>

l

s

h-l
H

3

r3

3

o
>

a

a

Ph

H

^

Ph

w

CO

Q

w

W

H

a

<

R

Q

H

r3

O

M

LO

H

i

<:

<C

H

CO

CM <t r- I ON I— I^DCMO

lOvDOOvOMvttO
lAstNOOOnNN

f"~ CM r-( >— < ■— < r— I rH

■4>X)(MI^<tNinN

f^n^ocoo>cr\r-i<}-

ONvDrOfO'-IHHcM

OOOOOONvDCMCOO

* <f O n M r- l|^-LO
<J en CM CM f- 1 i— I r-l

ON CM |— CM r- I ON r~- <f

OOs)-r^COff>tvvDO
(N N H H i-J

H^NNsfromco

f<iaistiriNiniorv

CM r-i I— ( r— I

f~. ON v^r r-- r^- v£> CM ^£>

r^.<j-oomco<J-vo

t— I r-l r— I r-l

nON\tr4N<tfj
CMOCOCO<]-CMCOm

r-l H

00><fiAtnOs)-0,i
OOOrv^DsfNNfO

rH

NOOOvfHststin

iDmffir^sfHr-iN

r-l rH

vor^-i— i on o cr\ co on
vo^dco^ocmooo

1 — I 1 — I I — I

oOsf-Nrxtvtm
<j-<j-c*->'-ioooo

IN|>«v)-rOHH(MCM

oooooooo

CMCMCMCMOr-lr— I i— I

oooooooo

rHrHi— IrHOOOO

oooooooo
oor-«rHLriinr-^ONin

CMLO'— 'CMl^OOr-HO
O st n CI •- I rH rH CM

cnOONOOcnOcM
ONr^O^j-incoeoin
CM CM CM <-<

omooomoo
<-i cm co en in r^

•H O

u o

on CX 00
CM < <-*

in in <}• vo on cm in

r~- oo r~- cm r-i ^j- r-i

cm <J- o r-~ o oo on

en co cm i— i

cm cm r» cm <f m ■— i

on on vo r-i >-j- co r--

00 f^ in r-l CM r-l i—l

o vo <)• <r m r-^ rH

1^- CM rH CO VO rH O

st <f CO r— I rH rH

sf On N O O CO v£>

H 00 N vO H CO \D
cn CM CM rH

00 ON H O N CO ON

io en co m n in \t

CM CM rH

O 00 cn <f CM ON vjO

co in en cn <n cn en

r— I rH rH

r-- on ^o vo r-i o r~-

cn o on cm cn en cm

rH rH

co <f o c-N o r~ <— i

CM O CO rH CM rH CM
rH

en <f on oo cm on cm

cn r^

CM rH

ON

o

rH

o

rH

1

<

20.4
21.4

i— 1
00

o

o

m

o

O

M0 CO

o»

rH

1— 1

rH

ro

cn en rH o o o o

IT) in <f rH rH rH rH

o o o o o o o

rH CM rH O O O O

o o o o o o o

CM rH O O O O O

o o o o o o o

<f cm r-- cm en on i— i

rH o oo rH r-~ en <f

vO v£> CO ' — I ' — I rH i — I

cn on r~- on cm <f m
cn o m rH cm cm cm
co cn '—i

o o m m o o o
rH cm en ^o oo o

•H m

u <t

on ex on

CM < rH

172

c
3
o
o

u

<U

•u
CD

6
CO

•l-l
Q

CO
o

cy

x:
ex

CO

C
OJ

>

•r-t

D*

W

T>
C

CO

>-i

OJ
X)

6

J2

c

C
CO
X3

00

m

CM

>£3

00

CM

O

O

CM
CO

w

►>
M

CO

13 o

3

t3 -1

o

£g

r3

r-l

!q

H

, J

s

o
>

9

td

Hi

H

r;

fi,

<

w

co

o

w

P4

H

s

<]

M

Q

H

n "I sf n o n io

on co i^ in co m cm

rv on o <}- <-< i-h <f

00 CM CO fNJ r— I i-H H

00 ON CO in

ON O

<f 00 -—l CO CO O 00
O rv 00 vO CM CM CM

m CO CM CM CM

in CM vD vO CM CM 00
-<J- <}■ <1 CO <— I f— I ■— I

CO ON CM ON 00 <j iv
rv vo co <f oo o cm

CM CM CO CM r-l

vO CO >— I O v£> ON ON

CM CM U*> ON \D vO 00

CM CM CN r-l

O CO vO O CO ■— ' r- <

r^- r-- r^ <)- lo in v£>

1—1 1— I T— I 1—1

co oo r-. vd oo <t in

CM rH H O <J" CO <J"

t — I I — t 1 — I . — I

o in cm cm o i— ' on

1^- O 0O r-t <f CM CM

1—1 1—1 1—1

O O ■— I CM O <f vO

<f r-i CO <f CO >— " ■— '

NN HH

<}• \£> i— i rv <f <f iv

I

I— 1

. — i

CM

00 o

1—1 r-l

r-l o o

r-»

<*

CO o

m cm -j-

co o m cm o o o

<j- <f m m i-i >-i r-i

o o o o o o o

1— I I— I CM r— I O T— I r— I

o o o o o o o

I— I t— I CM r— < •— * O O

O O O O O O O

MO CON CO CO N

r-i m vo m oo rv cm

i— i in in <t <— l <— i cm

■— i on >— i r>. o> t— i oo

OHO 0<f COM
CO CO CO CM

o in cm m m o in
•— i cm co in vo

cm r- — i cm O <fr

v£> oo m cm <t <f

o cm co m co o

m cm cm cm >— i r-i

H r) H<fn ON

<f i— I <f 00 ON CO

r^. m in vo cm cm

cm m oo

in vo on ^o rv vo

CO CM cm co »— i r— •

oo cm m on co rv

CM 00 O CO r-l CM
CM ■— 1 CM CM i— I r-l

On i— I CO rv «— I CO

CO O On On On O

CM CM r-i r— I r-l

CO ON CO <f 00 CM

00 CI <t sf vB N

■ — I ■ — I . — 1 . — I

00 CO CO <t vD i— I

o rv on o in m

i—i i—i

co on r-~ in o o

o vo oo on m co

i—i

oo f— i rv cm r-» in

<J- oo oo co

in i—i co on
oo m i— i vo

CO CO CM CM

I — vO ON N

o r~~ co co
on r^ co oo

CM rv CM H

<t r-- vo r^

<f CO r-t CO

CO CO

-d-

iv n cm m

CM CM -— I r-i

CM ON ON O

CO ON O ON

CM CM r-l

O ON CO ^D

00 00 00 ^O

i—l r-l

|v OO ON o

co o m <j-

r-l l—l

IV CO ON VO

m ■— i m cm

r— I i—l

O CO o <f

00 CM

1—1 r-l

CM

i—l

m

r-l

<f

1—1

rv

CM

o

CM

r— 1
i—l

r— 1

16.0
15.9

CM

vT

i— 1

ON

i—l
i—l

m

CO

CO

o

ON

1

<

00

ON
i-H

00

i—i

rv

O

O CM

co

CM

00

CM

vf

00

o

CM

m vo

m

CM

o

o

<f

<f

CM

o

IV r-l

CM

CO

<*

1—1

rv

ON

CO

1—1

O r-l

■—I

O

o

o

o

o

o

o

CM «<f

CO

i—l

CM

1—1

CO

CM

1— 1

o

o o

o

o

O

o

o

o

o

o

i-H CM

CO

1—1

i—l

o

r-l

o

r— 1

o

o o

o

o

o

o

o

o

O

c

CM 00 <t <f 00 v£>

<f O CM ^O CM 00
IV <f -J" <f CM r-l

on cm m o ^o oo

O r-l O r-l ON CO
CO CO CO CM

r-l O CO r-l

rv i—i cm co

vO vO CO v-f-

vD CO in CO

CO CO r-l

•r-l O

u o

ON CX CM
CM <C CM

o

m

o

m

o

m

m

c

o

o

1—1

CM

CO

<t

1— 1

CM

CO

.—i

T—l

•r-l

o

■H

O

U

CO

U

O

ON

CXCO

o

O, r-l

CM

<

CM

co

<

o

173

d m^ r^

<f n r^ <ct oo

oo co vo ■— i i—i

en

i-t

01

■u

01

E
to

•H

Q

CD

x>

E

CD

d
to

X!

u

o

r— I

o>

00

(-1

CD

X!

cm Ol, r^

I CO

O

•-I 4J

c

i— < vO

w to

C "H

3 3

o cr

TJ

C
to

<t

o

NO

CO

CM

o

CM
CO

W

"O

1

>

H

1

S3

M

S2

o

b

3

O

■—1
X

i

>

s

s

1— 1

3

3

3

o
>

a

w

p^

H

x

CM

<d

w

CO

Q

w

W

H

g

<

l— i

a

H

J3

U

o

y-t

1—1

H

1

<

<

H

CO

ion NN
no o •— i in
i— i r-» cm •— <

r\i to co <t

<f N CMO
CO CM CM ■-<
CO CM

00 H O CO

O 00 CO 00
I — . > — r i — I

O 00 CO m

o r- on in
o nO

n m H CM

CM i-l 00 <f

r» in

m

en oo r- co
m co

CM in CM i— i

o <j- no <f

<)" CM

m co o co

<)• |^ uo <f-

<f CM

co r>. vo <t

co no <j- <r

<f CO

00 -3" NO CM

O i— < nO CO
CM CM

i-l CM NO 00
CO CO CM ■— I

r~- vo <j- co
o o o o

CO i—l rH I— I

o o o o

CM i—l i—l O

o o o o

m m o co

in i—i i—i i—i

O CO CO CM

CM r-t

O OO O CO

m co co co
m <r ih

o a\ on r— i

i—l CM

•H O

^ O

O CL CM

CO < O

<

CM -<t CO CM O

CO CTisf CO \D

n n no <f <r

n r^ <f n sj

<t CM vO i— I i— I

.—I .-4 o> m <f

CM CM i--1 ■— ' i— <

in i—i in r^ i—i

<t i~- r- co 1-*
r— i O on r~~ r>-

co m co <j- in

<f oo r~~- r~* o
no in m ^ <j-

Ch^N O CTi

r^ m co co co

M- sf -<t co CO

co no in no co

\jd <t i— i lo in

CO CO CO CM CM

co in cm r-t o

vOsT H CON
CM CM CM i-H i—l

O <f m <J- r-l

CO NO ■— I CO nD
CM CO CM CM CM

CO CO ON i—l NO

n vo co m co

CO CO CM CO CM

o cm on in on

00 N O MO

CM i—l CM i—l i—l

in CM O CM 00

vO in vD u~i <J"

O O CM CO 00

i—l i—l i—i o o

CM CO CO CO CM

o o o o o

CM CO CM CM CM

o o o o o

00 <)• O H N

CO N N H iO

CO co -— ' on 00

CS N st CA ^

<j- r- m --I oo
m <r <h <f co

o in o in r^-

•h o

u CM
O CX CO
CO < o

m m <j- no cm

O O t-( ON o

mo on m m <r

cm >— * o NO in

o\ <t oo h in

\D N <f VD CO

h cm r-- co on

\DN CO NsT
COCOvO N O

<r in cm in o

sf CO CO vO CO

m <j- -o- o- co

co co o co -d-
o n m oo <~t

<t CO CO CO CO

C7\ t-H O On O

no n oo o m

CM CM CM CO CM

m o ■— i n co

00 NO O O 00
rH i—l CM CM i-H

<l- m cm co oo

oo r-» CM CM O
■—I i—l CM CO CO

<fCOlOlON

co m <f vo co

CO CM CO CO CO

in -cJ cm r-~ co

<}■ ND CO O 00
CM i-< CM CM >— I

co n on sf io

■<f <f -d- vo in

O O <f r-4 ON

i— I i— I r— I r-l O

CM i-^ <t CM CM

o o o o o

■—I CM CM i-l i-l

o o o o o

<)■ n <t on in

co m <f no on

O CO CT\ O 00

N i—l 00 00 CO

sf N N N CN|

-J- co -4- <f <r

O CO NO ON CM

•r-l O
i-l CO

O Cu<t
CO < o

174

m O r-l

O MD r-~ vO >— I

m co m o

Zl

co

J-l

N^-

0)

y—v

4J

o

CD

o

E

on

•

(0

<}■

•H

v_^

Q

r-l

o

CO

CO

u

m

•r-l

* — *

>-l

y~\

0)

m

-G

CO

Nl

ex

r^

1

CO

vO

o

r—l

4J

c:

o

K

0)

r-l

vO

o

W

CO

CO

J-J

>

v_y

c

•r-l

•—"N

3

3

CO

o

cr

o

o

u

XI

c

CO

u

m

o

r-l

r-».

CU

<r

CM

M

xi

r—l

H

6

N— '

<3

3

/-N

H

S

o

CO

i— i

tr~

o

0)

l—l

C!

Vw^

C

*-N

CO

CM

-C

•

u

CM

O
Csl

t3 r-l

U

o

CM
CO

s_^

w

CO

>

H i

r-l

P2 O

H
r5

^3 -1

o

. £g

s

r-l
H

a

^>

3

o

u

>

S

X

Cn

H

r.

Pm

«d

W

CO

Q

w

W

H

2=3

<,

H

n

H

795.
813.

r-l
O

CO

o

vD
co

CO
On
CO

on

m

r-i
co

r-l

r-

CO

CO

--.

CO

O r-l

r- r-l

CO <J"

m on

o

o>

<t

CO

ON

r-l

CO

r~»

r—l LO

r-l O

r-l r^.

CM rH

o

r—l
r-l

CM

O

r-l

o>

on

ON

c>
i— i

O

CM

ON

CO
ON

•vt CO
O O
i—l r-i

<~i <f

CM

CO

00

<r

i— i

r-l

l—l

o

<f CO

O CO
CM On

en

-1

o
m

CM

i—l

r-l

m

on

<*•

r-l CO

vo m

vO CO CO

m

00 <f CO <f CM

i— I O CO

co co r^
m <t co

o CO ON

•h o
p o

O O.VO
CO < o

>D N 00 OMs

<f ON O r-l 00

<j- CO <f CO

o m o m o

i—l -—I CM

•h o

u o

O D-. r--

co <C o

r^- m co co

r~ m
r- in

CO

co

ON

CM

SO
CM

CM
CO

m

CO

ON

CO
CO

t— 1

CO

CO CM
<t" CO

r~ co

CM

O

CM

m

>x>

<T

vO

m

ON CO

CO O

m <f

CM

00
CM

CM

CM

vO

CM

r~~

CM

CM

O 00
CO CM

CM CO

<t

r-l

CO

co

<!-

CM

00

co

O- r-l

r-t r^

<f CM

r-l

CM

CO
CM

r-l
CM

l—l

CM

00

r—l

vO

CO

l—l

On
i—l

CM O
CM CM

m cm

-st

>£>

o

<r

<T

<f

00

<J"

m cm

CM r-l

co

l—l

m

r-i

r—l

-4

l—l

m

o

l—l

r-l

<t CO
r-l t— 1

r-l rH

CM

m

m

OJ

CO

r-^

O

vO

r-l I-,

• •

.

•

•

. .

CO <f

CM r-t

CM

i—l

00

r—l

r— 1

r— 1

i—l

^J-

ON

o.

CM O

r—l r-l

co m

r-

r—l

CO

r—l

r—l

ON

o

r~-

CO o

CO CM

ON

i—l

CO
CM

CM
CM

CO
CM

CM
CM

<f

r—l

so

r—l

r—i i—i

m cm

vO

CM

ON

CO

1^-

r—l

r—l

O

O CO

r~ in

CM CM

i—i

CM
1

pq

O
CM

r—l

o

CM

<1"

r— 1

CO

CO

PQ

ON
r—l

CO

r—l

i—l cm

l—l r—l

CO rl

o

CM

ON

O

r^»

CM

CO

ON

m m

r^ m

I""-

CO

\o

\0

<t

i—l

m

<J"

CM CO

CM 00

o

r^

<J

m

CN

<r

00

CO

m m

rH o

r—l

r—l

r—l

t—i

o

o

o

o

o o

CM CM

CM

<r

CO

m

CM

i—i

r—l

Ol

CM r-l

o o

O

o

o

o

O

o

o

o

o o

r-4 CM

CM

CM

CNJ

r—l

r—l

l—l

CM

CM

o o

o o

O

O

o

O

O

o

o

o

o o

ON i—l

r—l

vO

<t

in

o

SO

m

CO

on m

l—l ON

<f CM

CM

o

r-l

o

CM

vO

sO

CM

sD

00 r-l

m n <f co

CM CM CO CO
CO CO CNI CM

o m o o

i—l CM

•r-i m

o a. r^
co < o

17 5

eg
i

o

c

3
o
c_>

CO

CM

ON

00

<U

4-1
0)

E

CO

•r-l
Q

CO
u
•r-i
>-<

Q)
-C

D.
CO

C

<D

r-l
CO
>

•r-l

3
KT
W

TJ
d
CO

r-l

0)
rO

E

3

r-l r<

0)

d
d
CO
X!

C_> CN1

<t

sO

CO

w

ro

1

>

H c

r3

M

^ O

p

H

t3 r-l

b

2

1

VE CO
ME x

^

M 13

H r-l

DATE SAMPLE LA
TIME DEPTH VO

O in sD r-s i— i cm

m N CO vD On H

CO 00 r-l s"f LO CN

<f CM CM r- 1 r-l r— I

o co <f m o o

co r^ ca oo m vO
>—i r-» co CN CO r- 1

r-v i— i o> co co o

m N n oo n h

VD <f CM CM CM r-l

lO r-l 00 CM O VO

r-l rH lO <f sO 00

s~f CO <— • <— I r- 1

r-s so oo co ^d o

O CM •— I r- 1 CM r-

CO CM ■— I >— * •— '

CM vD m ON \D

CM r- 1

m co ■— i ■— i in co

<f -—I oo m r- co

t-4 r-l

<t sD r-i <f O CO

<t >— i oo co in cm

1—1 r-l

r^- <t r-< co m co

00 CM 00 CM CO '-'

<f H CO MA 1TIO
00 <f m CM CO CM o

o >-i o m cm <t <±

co o> oo on oo m o

cn n m <f eg n co

r-l i—l CO CM CN r-l

CM O 00 O -st CO <— *

vo m i— i v£> in on co

1— I CM "— < r— I r— I

r- ON CO -sf ON CO O

-<f CO On On O in •— <

I— I 1—1 I— I 1—1

oo sj o <t r-i m on

CO CO 00 -sf On r-l OO

1—1 1—1

i—l in r— I LO r—l r— I CO

co co r^ o t^ on |s-

1—1

in ■— < m vo i-- r-- s-f

4 oi in n m vo in

in r— in m <f \o m

oo CM CO <t -st <f CO

CN VO ON ON <-f CM ^O

CO CM •— I CM CM CM CNI

I-

o

r-l

-sf 1

H

<

pq|

H

CO

m

m

r— 1

m

O
s*

ON

o

CO

r-l

<t

o

m
i

CO

<t

CM

CO
r-i

o

r—l

CM

r-i

CO

r-i

O r-l
i— 1 r-l

r—l

r-l

r^

vt

sO

C-J

r-l

<t

<t

-st

r-s

<f sO

m

r—l

o

o

O

o

i—l

o

o

o

O

o o

1^- CM CM CM CM r-l

o o o o o o

CM O O O O O

o o o o o o

r-l r—l O O r-l O

o o o o o o

00 O 00 00 r-l sO

rv n -J st rs ts
rs in co cm cm >— '

ON CO CO CM <f CO
H<t Ovt vO N
CO r-l r-l

o o o o o o
cm co -<f in vo

-H O

U CO

O CLOO

co <d o

CM r-l --I t— I CM CM >— I

o o o o o o o

r-l O r-l r-l r—l O r-l

o o o o o o o

o o o o o o o

o o o o o o o

00 ON O <t CO O CM

in -<f rs rs o s-f i— i

r-l r-l i—l CM CM CM CM

CO CO r-l r-- CM O O

n en sf in in in m

o o m o o o o
■— i cm s-f in so oo

•r-l o

u o
o a«o
co <3 r-i

176

C")

CM

CM

c

O

U

d)

4-1

<u
B
co

•r-t

o

(0
o

•i-l

dJ

ex

CO

c
<u
1—1
TO
>
•r-l
3
XX
W

x>
c

CO

u

0)

r0
E

53

0>

c
c

CO

o

o

CO

vO

m

CM

co

kO

oo

o

CM
CO

u

"O

1

>

H

1

B

1— 1

53

O

u

3

5"J
O
U

r— I

W

|

i

>

g

H

3

5=>

3

o
>

3

w

P-,

H

s

P-.

M

a

W

w

H

S

<1

M

Q

H

53

o

H

\D

H

1

<!

W

1 H

V)

vD v£> r^ r^ i — r^-

cm ro m co vo en

md r^ co en CO vO

CM i— i r— I i— I

r^ m o cm on <}•

ffi N ^ \D O O
U"l CM CM r— I CO

<t o on in r~- cm

cm m vj r^ r-~ cm

co ■— • •— i CM

i— i r-~ on r~» on o

<J- r-l CO CM <f ON
CM r- t t— ( r-H

n n oo h r-i o\
on on cm on <j- cn

N m H O vD CO

m t^- cm r~-. co on

co r-t r^ <}■<)- ON
cm r-* r— ' in cm vo

on m en m cm r--
co on r-t cn cm en

CM r-t

<t O r- 1 ON CO r-t

O «— I I— • r— I r— I CM
CM r-<

cn co in on on oo

r-. m o o o o

r-t cm cm <f m m

CM CM O O O O

\D in t— I t— I CM •— t

o o o o o o

CM CM O O <— < r-l

o o o o o o

r-l O r- I O r-t O

o o o o o o

i— i o en co m cn

oo on i—i i— i cm r~-

<f CM i— I CM r-t CM

h- ^D <f co rv h
co md cm co co m

CM r-t

o o m o o o

>— I CM <f vO CO

•H o

u o

o a, i-i

co < r-t

o CM r-t <j- cm i— i r-

co o on cjn cm m i—i

r— t vo <f in in on i— i

<f CM CM CM i—l i—l

-4" cm >n On r^ r^ CM

CM r-t CM cm m 00 ON

r^ vd m in cm ■— •

r-. cm r- 1 in r-- oo ■— •
vo <t on en <J" <!■ cn

CO CO CM CO r-t i— t

o r-^ in >— i <f en r~-~
r- <f o <f i—i cn o

CM CM CM CM i—l i-l

— I r-» CM vO <f 00 i— I

r-t o r~~ CO 00 CM CO
CM CM ■— I r-t

m <t o cn cn r-t t^-

vD v£> vj -<J- r-- cm in

t — I . — I I — I 1 — (

r-t <t CM CM vo m o

<f cm i— < m vo i—i <j-

1— I 1—1 1—1 1—1

i— I O CM ■— I CO CM <f

vO r-~ 00 <f r-- i—l cm

1— I 1—1 1—1 1—1

vO on co r- oo r^ cm

co oo cm m en o r-t

1—1 1—1 1—1

cm cm o cm vo en in

co co r-- cm i-i o o

o vo m 00 v£> CM CM

en cm cm o o o o

O ON v£> CM CM i— I — t

--I O O O O O O

CO CO CM i—l O O O

o o o o o o o

i—l i—l i—l O O i—l o

o o o o o o o

co oo m i-i o i-i r-

<f N CO <f st CN| N

vO <f <f sf (N H H

■—I cn ^o in i—i i—i ^o

in <f ON O vO CM CM
CM CM i— I r-<

o vo oo o o o m

i-l Cl<f J3 ON

•h m

O O.CM

co <: >-•

177

CO

CM

H

On!

cn

>-j

v_^

0)

<»-s

4-1

O

0)

O

B

CT>

•

to

<t

•r-(

N.-^*

Q

<t

i— <

O

CO

00

u

U"l

•H

^-^

r^

/— s

<u

m

-C

co

-M

(X

r»

1

co

>vO

o

*— '

I— 1

4-1
C

O

X

CD
i— I

^o

O

w

CO

00

•U

>

v_^

a

•H

»^N

3

3

CO

O

cr

o

O

c

CO

LTl

o
.—i

r^»

PS

^1

•

o

<u

<f

CM

l-t

00

^>

t— 1

H

1

&

V. •

<rj

pq

3

•~N

H

a

o

oo

r-l

CO

^o

0)

I— 1

C

^^

C

,<—>

CO

CM

X!

•

CJ>

CM

O

CM

o

o

CM
CO

w

■o

>

H

I

r-l

23

o

<

B

I— 1

r-l

U

X

1

>

s

r-l

H

3

!=»

3

o

U

>

a

a

Ph

H

§

PL)

W

CO

Q

w

W

H

S

<J

M

CJ

H

cnwooooninHN

oscosfiristni^
<f ■— i n o i- 1 i— i n co

NNrONHHHH

H(MCOH(^e\stN

LOCMvOcMCrNCOCOCM

LTlNtOOsJHHCNlN

cyvCMOOLOCMO-CJ-m

(NN<fCM'-IHT-(H

<J- v£> ^£> CTv ■— I CO >- 'CM

(JinOO\0|N'-<H
t— I i— I CO i— I i— I r-l r— I

CONOOstvOOCOog

r^mcM^ooNvDoooo

i— I i— I CM r— '

vOCOOvfCMr-IHN

cO'-'r^cMcritnvDLn

I— I I— I I— I T— I

rgococoHHstco
•— i O cm O r^ <J- vj- co

. 1 1 ( 1 1 T 1

NvDOOHNC^vON
lON-d-<t-|^CMNCN

r— I i— I r— I r-H

COCOH<trOOO>C>0

CM CM ■— • O in i— I ■—) i— J
CM rH r— I r— 1

coor^-cfcMOoor-^

OOMJMTiOT^OO

r— I

c^cor^cMOstNcn

CM CO CO ■— • t-4 O O O

oooooooo

MNNHHHHO
OOOOOOOO

>— I O r-l o ■-■< o O O

oooooooo

OOHCOCO'-INNC^

ncocovDOvoom

sf CO vD CO N f" ICMCM

oo>ooo<fo>^Dm
m r- i co co on co co co

N CM CM H

omLnooiOLoo

H n <f tO N o

•-w o

Vj O

o a, m
co <H --'

•— ( co <f co n co in m

f-ICMr^ONT^CMOO

cji'-ist-rxirivOHH

CON<fi-<HH{MH

cMLPiooco'— i OMn vj)

cooocr\cooooor--

vOCOr^COCMCM^t-'— '

cncnc^in^Dstinvo

CMI^N^DOcOC^i-l
CO ■— ' i—l i— I i— I i— I i— I

O^CMONCOOOsfOH

OCMCO\t^O\OCO
CM i— I i— 1 i—l

s m n to 'n r- 1 i— i in
r^i-Hcocooor^-r-m

1— I 1— J r— I

vfOMOCOOHflvD

CO^NOvOsfstCO
«— i t— I

<t<fomvtcoo<f

HCOHOOiOcOCOCM
i— I

OOOOt-IOOOOCT.

r- co -— I W N CM CM >-i
1—1 1— t

<fvOH<fOMn>-ICM

•— ' CO CM sf N ■" ' r- ' «- '
CM H rH

ONvoocMOr^mr--

0>0i— I ■— 'O^OOO
i— < i—4

sfCM00OCOCO(M>}
CMCOOcOCMOOO

»C iO CO vD fl i- I O r— •

oooooooo

CMi— I r-l r— I r-l O O O

oooooooo

■— I i— i o o •— IOOO

oooooooo

NvDCMiniO^DvDst

oininHsjcM'-ivo

vDCOmcOCMCMCO'-*

HiO^OCJwOCMCOC?

incovDomcocMCM

CM CM CM r-l

omoooooo

i—l CM CO LO 00 O

•r-i m
u <1-

O D< vD

CO < r-l

178

CO

CO
4-1

c

O

H

u
CD

•u
<v

e

CO

CO
U
•H
rJ
0)

x:
a,

CO

c

r-l

CO

>
•r-l

3

cr

w

TO

c

CO
V-i

X)

E
S3

d
C
CO

x:
c_>

ON

00

^o

m

CN

m

\D

CO

^o

o

CN

co

W

r»

1

>

H

i

p

M

!z;

o

o

H
3

o

■— i

i

>

1

^

M

H

3

rO

3

o

>

3

X

P*

H

§

Ph

CO

Q

w

w

H

s

<J

n

O

H

53

O

o

H

t— 1

H

1

<

w

H

CO

r-- co <-t o i— i v£>

in <o n n iri in

m i— ' <t r-> o r-~

M N H ■— I

o m co o m — i
ON on r-~ o o oo

VO <t H rH (\)

in o o i— i oo vo
oo r^ o vo cm m

CO CSJ i— I r-l

CO *£> <f CM r-l CN

N M N <)• ON <)■
CM CM

o m on co on on

<}■ o m co r^~ cm

CM CM

ON rH CM CO 00 On

oo co <f cm m r-i

t—l t—l

CM O CO CM <)" r-l

r-l I— I

CM r— ON CO CM 00

i— 1 CO CO ■— I CO o

I— I .—I

co cm co oo r~ vo

<t" <f VD O r-l O

I— I I— I

o r-- co co oo co

i— i oo m o o o

r— I

v£> CM CM CM CO O

CO CM r-l O O O

00 \£> CO -— I CM O

O O O O O O

CO ■— I o o o o

o o o o o o

r-l O O O r-f O

o o o o o o

r-. on r-> oo cm cm

oo on o o r-» o

<f CO CM r-l r-l r-l

cm co co <t m on
m on on r-i <j-

CM r-l

o o o o o o

N<t ^ CO O

•H O

u o

O Cl, ON

CO < r-l

pq

ON vO On vD 00

o m on in r-~

r^ vt> \o on v©

CO CM

on in <f <t on

ON CO f~~- t~» ON
r* O r-l

i— I <}• vD CM in

N COMrlkD
CO CM r-l

r-l in CM O r-l

r-» cm co co m

CM CM

co co m <}■ on

r- v£> CM vO CO
CM CM

CO O O ON 00

00 r^ CM <t CM

t—l .— I

cm r^ co co oo

CM CM r-l CO r-l

t—l t—l

00 <f O <J" CM

CO ON i— I CM r-l

t—l I—I

o r^ vo m r--

t— I O O I— I r-l

r-H r-l O O O

CO CM r-l O O

o o o o o

r-l r-l o o o

o o o o o

in m co cm o

cm on on m o

VO <t r-l t—l

h in vD N o

r-l H r-l CO CM
CO CO

o o o m o

H in v£) ON

•rJ O

u o

O Cl O
CO <! cm

r- oo o- r^ in

o on oo <j- m

O cm r^ on co

co m

CM CO <f r-l O

r-l CM CM 00 CO

r~. r^ i— i t— i i— i

ri n on in CM

N en N H CO
CO CO H

on on in vo co

in n in Mn

CM CM

O CO 00 CO O

n n en in st

CM CM

ON <)- On r-~- On

in <j- CM CO CM

f— I 1—1

o co co m oo

CM CM CM CM r-l

r-H t—l

i— i cm r~- in ^o

m r-~- r-i i—i t—i

r-l I— I

vo o on r^ ■— i

m on

i—i t-i

o

rH

o

CO
CM

CN
CM

o

o

1— 1

16.0
14.2

o

1^-

o

CO

o

CN
t—l

O

i—l
CM

i—i

o

o

vO

o

co m

CN

CO

CN

t—l

ON

CM

CO

m

m <f

o

o

o

CO

m

o

o

o

t—l i— I i— I t—l CM

CM ■— I O O O

m cm o o o

o o o o o

CM CM O O O

o o o o o

m ri vd »o m

in r^ i-i <f (ni

m r-~ i — i i — i ■ — i

co m o cm r-i

m ^d cm cm m

<f CO

o o o m o
■—I co r~- on

•t-i m

u -i

o a, r-i

co <3 cm

179

CO

CM

O

ZL

M

CD
■U

CJ

E
co

■r-l

Q

u

•H
r-l
QJ

-C
CX

CO

a

CD

I— I
CO

>

•r-l

cr

w

c

CO

u

<u
.Q

B

S3

CD

d
c

CO
CO

00

vO

LO

<f

ON

o

o

CM

m

CM

cn

o

o

o

m

vD

CD

O CN ON

h n o vo <f

Or--ooOcMvOcnON

CM

o

CM
CO
N_/

w

ro

1

>

H

i

E>

r-l

3

o

o

3

O

r-(

w

£

1

>

£>

M

r^

S3

H

r-l

3

O
>

3

M

tv.

H

§

CO

Q

w

W

H

S

<

M

Q

H

i—i

CM

o

o

r-l

m
o
i— i

CO
00

cn

r-.

o

I—I

CNJ
r-l
r-l

cn

CO
o-.
cn

r-l

m
cn
cn

o

CM

1 — 1
t—l

N± ON

r-- v£>

CO

GO

m

-d-

o\

o

r-l

m

00

vo

i—l

CM

cn

CTi

cn oo

m

CO

r-l

r-l

CM

<*-

CM
<7\

00

1—1

co

r— 1

r-l
1—1

o
o

I—I

o

r-l

CO

o

o
t— i

ON

rH

CM
CM

i— i cy>

1—1

CO

r-^

m

vt

r~-

o

r-i

^O

en

<f

o

00

o

r~

00 ON

i— i
co

co

cn

r-l

CM

CM

r-l

r--

r-^

cn

CO

cn

CM

I—l

cn
i—i

vd m

r-*

CO

rH

CO

r^

co

1—1

m

i—i

VO

o

o

I—l

CM

m m

CM

cm

vO

ON

CM
CM

CM

co

m

O"

CM
CM

CM
CM

C^J

m

CM

r-i

r-i
r-l

m m

r-l

<J"

v£>

i-n

r-^

r^

<t

CO

r-.

C^

«d

cn

i—i

co

co m

cn

CNJ

<f

v£>

cn

CM

o

r-<

^o

CO

CM

00

1—1

o

CM

o

CM

o

CM

ON

o\

<t cn

r^

•<t

O

CM

VO

r— 1

vO

ON

o

co

r- 1

i—l

CM

m

m on

i— i

cn

<f

CM

o
1—1

m

CM

r-l

cn

i—i

o-

I—l

t—l

cn

i—i

m

\©

<f CM

o

r-»

CO

o

^o

'O

CO

o

cn

o

o>

i—i

r^

CM

O ON

CNJ

r- 1

CM

CM

cn

o-

<t

I—I

r— 1

ON

1—1

1—1

CTi

i—l

■—I
i—i

CO

m

<t r-l

O

i— i

r-l

r-l

00

^D

cy>

CO

CM

r-l

O

O-s

ON

co

^d m

r-l

CM

CM

O

\D

CM

Q

o

CM
CM

CNJ

CM

vO

i— I

m

cn

CM r-l

00

N-J-

CM

CM

CM

CO

vD

vt

m

m

in

r~--

co

-t

-3- ON

o

CNJ

I— 1

T-i

r-l

cn

m

1—1

o

o

■—I

00

i—i

i—i

■—I

cn

CM

r-l O

IZI

M

CO

r— I

-d-

CM

CO

ON

vO

m

CO

CM

vD

CM

vD

r^-

vD

CO

r-- m

H

H
C/3

1

eq

CNJ

CM

r-l

O r-ll CM

1 CM

cn

o

o

O CM
1

c_>

i— 1
i—l

i—l
i—l

C^

00

CM

i—l

o o

<t

LO

<!•

m

m

CO

CM

r-l

cn

0>

m

vD

CO

v£>

cn <f

h-

o

o

o
t— i

i—i

o

o

o

m

O

cn

cn

r-l

O

o o

v£>

CM

1— 1

r-«

-1

r— 1

1—1

I—I

o

r^

<f

00

<t

i—l

rH CM

r-l

O

o

r-l

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

O

O

o o

CO

O

r-l

<f

t-4

l-l

o

o

cn

CM

r-l

i— i

i—l

r-l

■—I i—i

o

o

O

o

O

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o o

CM

o

r-l

CM

r-l

o

t— 1

o

■—I

CM

r-l

t-l

o

r-l

o o

O

o

O

O

o

o

o

o

o

O

o

o

o

o

o o

o m co

CM st vD

UO r-l I— I

oo on a\ r-- co
co co vO -<f o

In CO "-1 H r-l

co m r-i

cn on o cm m

cm cn <J-

vd i—i cn CM r-l

<!■

in r-l

O

o

o

O

m

o

o

o

o

CO

CM

-cl-

r-(

cn

\o

on

r-l

rH

>.

•r-l

in

•l-l

o

CO

LO

u

i—i

u

m

S <

o

a.

CM

o

a. cn

rH

cn

<

CM

cn

<

CM

i—i

o

ON^ooNcnm<j-vocn

Or-^ONONCOONi— io
r^vx>>X)incMrHi— ii— i

COONinCTiCMrHOON

ocomcMCOLncncM

cn CM CM CM

ocncocMinmmo
i— i cm in r-- o

180

c

O

u

CD

■u
01
E
to

•1-1

o

03

o

•r-l

u
<u
x;
a,
to

4-1

cd

i-H

to
>

cr*
W

G
tO

0)

e

CD
C

d
to
x;
o

co

CM

CO

vO

m

CM

m

«X)

oo

o

o

ci

B

o

CM

CO

u

r>

> H

i

M S

o

H t3

i— i

38

X

1 >

1

p r-l

3

53

o
>

a

ffi

Ph

H

§

P-!

CO

Q

w

w

H

S

<

r-l

Q

H

vo oo co i— < o

m ^o r- ut) o

rg n vo on n

ON CM LT| i— I O

i-4 CM (N H

o m \& in in

NP1 CO OnvD
r— I r-l r-l

H O CO C) V0

ro m n co <t
i — i i — i . — i

N N O Nst

CO CT> C N CO

r-l

on <}• co m co

co in in vo cm

CM <f n!" <J" r-l

CM co in ^O CM

r-t o <j- co m

cm co <f m i— i

r-« r-I O ON ON

r-l CM CM CM O

53

o

<(- h o in -J-

M

CO

t— 1

H

1— 1 r- 1 r-J r- 1 Q

1

<

U

Q

H

CO

<f co <]- m cm

o o o o o

CM CM ■— I CM i— I

O O O O O

r-l r-l CM O O

O O O O O

i— I O >— I O O

o o o o o

chin en o n

co --I m ^o o

r-i CM CM <-* •— *

on cm co in oo
<f <t m m i-i

o m o o o
•— * co in on

co m
co

r-l O

H<J COH Cft-Ct

m m vd co in on
• — i on in ^o in r —

\d 1^ in vo co<f
o in co 1^- o cm

CM vt CM r- 1 H

m o r-i i— i in \o

n in <t <f vo n

H CM h

on cm in in m oo

CO CO CO CM <f <(•

r-l CM r-4

vo in o on in co

O IN CO r-l CO CO

H r-l

<-< <t <t in in -<f

00 CO In H CM CM

r-l

ON <j- in CM CM In

vO On <t •— I CM ■— I

CO IN |N r-l <J- CM

vO ^D CM ' — I i — I i — I

ON <$ CM In in MD

CM CO CM O O O

•— i -<t- on in <}- co

r-l r-I O O O O

m VO <f CM <t r-l

o o o o o o

CM CO r-l O r-l O

o o o o o o

O O r-l O r-l O

o o o o o o

t— I r-l O O r-l O

o o o o o o

O CM <j" O r-l <J"

O <J CO ON r-l r-l
CM CO CM r-l r-l

ON r-l CO NO IN U~|
in IN <f r-l CM r-l

o o m in o m

i— I CM -<f <0 ON

CO o

rS O

vO

r-l O

181

c

o

u

CD

4-1

<u
E
CO

CO

o

•l-<
^1
<D

x;
cu

CO
4-1

d
cu
.— i
to
>

•r-(
3

cr
w

c

CO

u

CD
X)

E

D

CU

C

CI
CO

x;

u

00

MO

LO

<f

CO

MO

co

r -

o

CN

1— 1

CM

i-H

H

i

^— '

<!

Q

/~*

H

O

CO

vO

o

CM

ro

W

ro

> H

1

w S

o

H to

t— 1

< o

J u

X

1 >

1

g£

3

S3

o
>

a

as

P4

H

§

CO

Q

w

CO

H

2

<J

M

Q

H

oo o> r~- lo o\

CO lo o> CO mo
-J- co oo cm r-

mo cm on r^~ co

LO 00 CO O CM

CM CO <-* CM t— <

CM

mo co r^ cm r--

■— • CM <— I

<t <f •"-! CO LO

iri co m co ^
i—i i— i

O M0 CO — < -~H

CM CO <f LO CO
r-H r-i

r>. O O oo <f

h n sf tn cn

I— I r— I

o <r lo co to

ON ON CM CM ■— I

00 M0 ON <J" O

r-» mo i — i i — i i — i

co eg co oo r^

<t CO <-* o o

LO CO 00 <f CO

i— l i— I o o o

r^~ mo co co i— i

o o o o o

CO «— I CM CM r- 1

o o o o o

■— i ■— i o ■— i o

o o o o o

O O t-i O o

o o o o o

on n i-i on o
•<J- ■ — i co r-- i — i

CM CO •—> ■— I •— I

r^ co <— < mo r^

N VO CO CM i-l

O O lo o o

CM CO MO O

CO o

S o

CO

r-i O

oo r-. <J- r- on

N vO Ost H

i-H MO CO CO CO

r-f I— I CM

<f n cni r^ in

ON O i—l CM M0
i— I r— I i— i CM •— I

CO <j" ON CM LO

CM lo LO CO CO

1— I 1— (

ON O CO o o

ON <f <f O 00

1—1

00 CO M0 r-~ i—l

1^ CM CO M0 M0

M0 CM CO M0 LO

M0 CM CM <t <}•

CO Is- r- 1 O CM

M0 r— I CO <t" CO

On O i— I CO CO

CO r- 1 LO <t CO

o m on4 co

CM O t— ( i—l i— I

r-l CM H 00 O

i— l O i— I O i— I

<f ■"-■ MO LO <f

o o o o o

CM •— I CM CM CM

o o o o o

O O O i-l o

o o o o o

o o o o o

o o o o o

CM LO O CO LO

00 ON CM O CO
i—l i—l CM CO

<f CO CM CM O

o o to o o

<j- MO CO O

cfl O

2 o
o

O H N O vD

O <J- CO CO CO

In ON CO CO N

ON LO CO LO ■— I

CM O LO CO i— I

CM i—l i— I r— I

M0 00 O CO <f

O M0 CM CO M0
i— {

i-l CO M0 00 CO

CO LO O LO <f

CO o<t OH

<}•<}• O <j- CO

r-^ mo co <f ■— i

CO CM O CM CM

co lo «-< r-- cm

CM LO O i— i i— I

CM <f CM O r--

*-* M0 O i— I O

LO <f --I LO <t

O CM O O O

CO

O r-4 O O O

CM -4" •-< CM O

o o o o o

i— i i— I O ■— I o

o o o o o

o o o o o
o o o o o

o o o o o
o o o o o

LO O 00 M0 CO

CM <t ON CM O
CM ' — l ' — I ' — '

n in st st co

CM -tf '->

O LO O iO o
cm lo r- O

>N

CO O
X co

182

co

I

o

c
o

zi

>-l

0!

4-1

CD

e

03

CO

U
•r-l

l-i

CD
-C

Q,
CO

C

<u
1—1

CO
>

•i-l
3

cr
w

xi
c

ctj

u

CD
£
S3

0)

c

CO

s:
o

00

^O

<f

m

m

oo

CN

O

CM
CO

w

■*!

1

>

H

i

S3

M

£;

O

£

H

to

. — I

3

o

u

u

X

i

>

1

s

(—1
H

3

3

o
>

a

W

p..

H

§

CO

Q

w

W

H

s

<^

1— 1

Q

H

r^

O

CN

I— i

CM

i— i

H

i

•> — '

<d

W

^~N

H

o

on

vjD

cm p» m co o r- on

■— ' ro ro in o\ <y> co

CO CN ■— I CO CN sD co

i—l i— I i— I CM i— I r— I

n vo rn n st vo <f
m co \D oo 4 co o

i—l i—l i—l CM CM CM

co r- cti cn os oo i— i

00 C?\ 0> vD <f in CN

i — I i — I i—l

>£> r-~ <)■ oo co m o>

00 CO CO H O <t CO

1— I 1—1

H MTIO COH O

VD v£> \D CX> 0O CO vO

co m v£> CM <t CO CO

<t <f <f 00 r- CM <t

cm •—! co oo r- co co

Csl CO CO *£> ^O ■— I lo

00 CN Os r-l O O O

i— I CO vO CO 00 ■— I Os

1—1

i-l IT| \£i r-l vO (^ On

i— i cm m r— co O co

v-j- >x> m co >— i <f r^

O O i— I CO CN O CN

r-l CM LO m CM -—I CN

O O O rH r-l O r-l

i—i r-i cn m co o co

o o o o o o o

t— I i— I i— I CM ■""-' O r-l

o o o o o o o

O O O O i-i o o

o o o o o o o

O cm r~ co r~~- co cr\

CO CO r-*. <f <— ' Os O
CM i— I i—l CO CN CN

r-^ r^ ^d co r-~ in cm

CN CO sO CN CO i— I CO

o o m m o o m

H H M vj CO tJ>

CO O

£ co

CO

oo vo cm co r^ oo <r

vO CO CM >£> vO O 00

O CM N m sf <f CM

CM CN CN <— I CM CM i— I

<f cm m in r» O oo

r-l 00 O CT\ CM 00 r-l
CM CO CN i— I r^ co ■— I

<J- r-» <J- <)- o co co

ff) H vD H O n N

r-l CM 1—1 r-l IT) i— <

vO vO vD CM in vO VD

o m o r^ o m m

r— I r-A i — I ft")

r- co <) ' o\ co <f r-»

oo cm os in r-^ co co

r-l CM

i— i cm •— i r~» O t— i \o

h- CT* co m O N CM
CN

<f CN <}- O O O <j-

vO 00 00 vC vd- CN r-l

1—1

O ■— < r^~ \o O r-i r--

CO O CO OS CO <— I o

1 — I I — I I — I 1—1

■— i <f o m r-- r-~ v£>

CN <f CM vO in o o

i— I r-< t—l

^D <y 00 •<)• v£> CO CO

cm m <f CO CM o o

■— < co c^ co i—i i—i i—i

t—l i— I i— I ■— I r-l o o

<f <f <I> <f <f O r-l

o o o o o o o

CM r-l r-l CM CM O O

o o o o o o o

H O r-l ■— I O O ■— I

o o o o o o o

v^- in oo co o r^- cm

O vO CO CO OS o ^o
ro co co cm <r co •— •

co in vd o co on i—i

cm <}• in i— I CM <— I CN

o o m m in in m
i— i cm co m r^ os

CO o

£ o

m

183

w
C

o
o

ZL

r-l

0)

CJ

E

CO

•r-(
Q

CO
o

•r-l

r-i

QJ

x;

CO

c
cj

r-l

CO

>
•r-l

D
V

w

C

CO

r-l
CJ
XI

e

3

r3

<1J

c
d
to

o

oo

nO

LP|

<f

m

v£>

oo

u

o

CNJ

CO

w

■o

> H

i

r-l ■Z

o

H P

r—l

<r, o

r-l O

X

1 >

£

p 1— 1

5

S H

i-j

gS

o
>

a

as

Pi

H

§

PL,

CO

Q

W

w

H

£

<

r-l

Q

H

m o<t in oo

ON <f sf oo H

co co m o m

CM CM r-l i— I CM

r-l CM CO <f r-l

ON NO H <}- ON
CO CO CM CM 00

m <}- co m r^

co O co r- O

CM (N) r-l H <f

•Cf NVOHO

v£> -J- O CM nO

t— I I— I r— I r— I I— I

CO nO O CO nO

O H N ON 0>

r—l r-l

r-i I nO UO 00 00

cm o in m m

r-l r—l

ON O m NO ■— I

o o CO vj <t

CM ON OO

^ cm m

r- cm cm r-»

m m o

CM ON 00

cm r-- o
CO oo o

<f 00 r-l

f^ <j- O r-1

On vj- On CO

<t in r-l r-l

00 N CM

in m on

CM r^ ON CM

r-l <t r-l

co co <— I

in cm m

CM vt r-l

H (M ON CM

-* r-H CO CM

nO o o

CO

00

CO NO CM

on r^ on

r^ r-~ <f r-.

O ON 00

CM (^ CO

CM vO <}• CO

r- r-l

NO NO

r-^ in cm >— '

sf CO r-l M

CM CM

m

m

CO

CO

■o-

m

On

CO

ON O
r-l r-l

r^ m

m

00

t— 1

CO

CM

CM

CO o

O On

co

<*■

o

CO

m

CO

<f

m

CO

co

CM

t— i

oo r^

<*

r^

LO

ON

r-

O

vO CO

co r>«

CM

CO

CM

NO

CM

CO

NO

CM

ON
r—l

i— i

r-~ vo

<}■

NO

ON

o

r^.

i— 1

<f *-■ i

oo r^

CM

ON

o>

<t

00

CO

o o-

vO ON

r-^

CM

r^

ON

r-~

NO

1—1

o

r^

CO

1—1

o r^

r-l CM

CM

CO

CM

00

t— i

1—1

CO

<!■

m

ON

<f

ON CO

CM CM

r-l

i— i

CM

CM

I—l

r—l

oo m

m

<f

ON

o

ON

On

CM

r—l

r-i

1—1

ON

m on

CO CO

r- 1

r-l

r-l

ON

CO

O

ON

CO

CM

CM

1—1

m cm

r-l r-l

CM

CM

CO

CO

CM

ON <)"

r^

r-l

CM

m

00

o

NO

NO

r~-

ON

o-

r-^

m

CM

cm in

m no

o

r-l

r-l

i

I— 1

CM

O

1

CM

m

r-l

i

r--

c >

CO r-l

w

CM

w

CM

CM

w

CM

CM

CT\ H

m

m

r^

in

i— 1

co

r-~

CM

ON

CM

vO

on m

r-l CO

o

o

o

m

i— 1

O

O

r-l

m

o

m

NO

o o

m o

rH

CM

CM

O-

NO

r—l

00

CM

CO

o

CM

CM CM

O r-l

O

O

o

r-i

o

O

i—l

r— 1

o

1—1

i—l

o o

r-l CO

O

r—l

o

CO

t— i

1—1

CO

CO

1—1

CO

CM

i—l r-l

O O

o

O

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

O

o o

O r-l

o

O

o

CO

o

o

CM

CM

r-l

1—1

i—l

o o

O O

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o o

ON in r-l On <f

O nO ON

on r^. <f

h>. in co cm

On CO CM CO CM
CO <f CM <-* <f

CM O r-l
CO CO r-l

i—i i—i in

CO CO r-l

cm r~- co O

ON CO CO CM

r-l -* NO <)" O

ONDst

CO NO CO

r~- co >— i r-»-

oo cm co <t m

in on cm

cm on m

nd o o m

r-i CM

<f

m <j-

<f <f r-l

o

o

in

m

m

o

m

o

o

ro

m

o

o

o

o

r-i

ro

m

r-»

CM

m

CM

i—i

CM

CO

r>N

>.

>>

r>.

cfl

o

CO

o

CO

O

CO

o

£

o

£

o

00

S

o

ON

S

o
o

i—i

i—i

i—4

I— I

r—l

r—l

i—i

CM

184

to
■u
C

O

CO
O

•H
U
QJ

-C

a

CO

a

0)

r— I
CO
>

•rH

cr

W

c
CO

!h

<D

rO

E
3
S5

d

c

CO

ON

CO

LO

<f

CsJ

<f

^o

co

r^

53

o

CN

M

.— i

H

^— '

<

**"*\

H

o

CO

vD

o

CM
CO

w

ro

i

>

H

i

D

rH

^

o

u

3

^3

o

CJ

i— i
X

i

>

g

g

M
H

3

3

o
>

a

w

(X,

H

^

Cm

<i

w

CO

Q

w

w

H

£

<!

t— 1

Q

H

Fm

m h m oo

■—I vO CO CT>

in <}■ i— i

rH rH O <J
i-( CM LO I— I

VD m CM H

O CO

on m <t vo

00 CO rH

*£>

CO <t

\D CM On m

m m

<t- co -<}- co

H N CO <f
O" CO

r-> <)• <f vo

c^ vo h- ro

CM CM

O cm r~- on

CM ON v£> CM
CM >— <

i— i i — i v£> r^

r-l co r~- CM

CM r-l

oo vo co m

CM m <f CM

en cm

in r^ C3n cm

o>

CM

CO CM
CM

■— i

CM
P<4

<D

m on

<t

r-»

r-« o

o

vD m CM <— I

r-l r-l O O

cm en r-i o

o o o o

CM CM rH O

o o o o

00 rH CM O

O r-l CM <f

O ON CM r-l

CO to lO h-

<(- r~- oo en

o

o

o

O

o

CO

rH

CM

en

>-.

>>

01

o

CO

CJ

X

o
en

s

co

T—{

i— i

CM

CM

O

n >o n co n h co

<f- o co cm <f oo r-~

CM •— I O <J" CO rH CO

CM CM CO CM <t CM •— I

r^ on rH oo oo cm oo

in cm r-- r^ in o <f
<f <j- in m vo m cm

CM CM O vj rH <J [—

^D eo <f -d" ON CM <f
CM CM CO CO CO CO rH

co co cm on cm en r^
oo oo en cm en cm rH

rH rH CM CM en CM rH

cm r- 1 eo in co rH t-~
m <f co on r-- o on

1 — I I — I rH i — I CM CM

cm <f rH m in en oo

N CM lO vO Oi \0 00

rH rH rH rH rH rH

en r-^- rH m \£> rH i-h

o <t <f eo m m co

CM i — I i — I i — I CM ' — I

vD CO CM CM rH O ON

(Nl m N OMO N CO

<}■ en en cm m rH

on \d co in on o <f

VO rH o oo o oo o

rH CM CM rH CM

in ^d <f r^ cm rH en

vO \0 N In O sf st

rH

r-- in m m vo o cm

CM CM CM CO <t CM CM

h. CO ON (M CO N Is-

O O O rH rH O O

CM -d" <f <t CO CM CM

o o o o o o o

o o o o o o o

CM CO CTi CO CO N CO

eo O CM ^O co O eo
<t >Cf in sf N sf (M

o r^ cm rH o oo oo

vD vD r- 00 00 \£> CO
CM CM CM CM CO rH rH

o eo o <f o r- m

•— I rH CM CM CO

t^. n m cm

vD CO ON vj
en ON o rH

M r-l H H

ON CO vO <J"

m rH o ON
<J" <f CM rH

O \0 (O CO

oo m cm en

CM CM rH rH

CO <f <f ON

ON CO Ch Oi

rH rH

v£> ^ vD O

m st- Is- o\

CM

r^»

<$ CM

CM

rH

o
•—<

VO ON

rH

CM

CO <f

00

1— 1

rH
rH

On 00

CO

CO

O 00

CO
CO

CM

CO ON

rH

m

r^

O vO

<t

t— i

c^

en <f

eo

vO

ON <t

en

<f

-J"

CM CM

Pn

O

vD

r- <}-

CM

r-i

rH rH

r-» in <}■ vo

o o o o

CM CM rH CM

o o o o

rH rH O i— I

o o o o

i—lr-t^DO

en ^o on o

<t CO rH CM

r^. rH o in
rH r^ O O
CM ' — I i — I i — '

o

CO

o

m

Cxi

CM

>-.

n

o

>:

o
eo

CM

o

185

w

■U

c

Z3

o

QJ
B

co

■H

Q

on

00

J-i

QJ

x

c/>

C
0)

rH
CO

•H

cr*

w

-o

c

CO

u

V

X

E
3
52

rH f^

QJ

C

e

CO
XI
U cm

vO

LO

<J

O r-l

vD

co

o

CM

CO
n^

w

■n

1

>

H

i

g

r-l

52

o

§

H

2

5^)

O

r-i

CJ>

c_>

X

W

w

i

5>

S

§

r-l

H

3

2

o
>

a

5TI

p-

H

55=1

P-.

«J

W

Zfi

Q

w

W

H

5S

<1

r-l

Q

H

o

i— I On CM in vO

vD CO t\| <f ^O

HNCOvf <f

U~) CM r-l rH i— I

cm r~- oo o m

on r- cm co m

N sf st cm n

m r- r*» no no

H vD N von

CO CM CM r-l CM

ON CM NO r-- O

r» r-i <j- oo m
oo r-i m en <t

rH CM

r^ <t r-i o <J-

ON nO cn CM CM

on cn co i~i cn

CO CM CM r-l i— I

cooosf n

CM rH rH O O

cn co co cm >— i

co o o o o

CM i ■— I O O

O I o o o

r-l

in no cn no oo

Ovf rl<f\0

r-i <j- cn cm cm

\D •— i o >— i r-»
■—I oo m on oo

in CM rH

CM CO ON CM O

oo cn m r- 1 r-.
cm in m r^ i —

CM rH in vO on

kO Is- 0> \D rl
rH CM CM r-l

<t rH ON CM <t

ON vO ON <f 00

rH rH

O OMA VD Oi

cm r-~ on on r--

O r- r- no so

<)■ On ON On On

CO CM

ON ON r~- rH rH

CO N«J CO N

ON <f rH rH r— I

rH UO ON rH O

r^ co r~- on o
m cm '-<

oo m o oo co

o o

ON CM

CM

r— |

CM

no

rH

r--

CN

i— I

m
i— i

CN

m

NO
CO

O
CM

m

\o

vD

o o

C~

<t

cn

00

<r

CM

co

r^

CM

m

<t

<t

m

00 vO

m <—<

CO

O
i— I

CM

rH

m

ON

CO

rH

Ol

<f

vO
CM

m

rH

cn

m

m

m no

o

00

CO

o

IT)

vO

r-.

h«.

<t

o

cn

cn

o

O CM

<T rH

r^

CO

ON

m

CO

H

1— 1

rH

cn

rH

<t

rH

CM

<*

<t

m m

a^

-cf

<t

nO

r~-

1— 1

r^-

ON

00

<*

rH

CM

<t

00 o

rH CM

r-

1 —

00

nd

co

O

i— 1

rH

CM

CM

rH

CO

i— i

CM

CO

CO

rH in

o

in

ON

i— i

cn

m

m

ON

St

m

r-~

o

m

r»- cm

CM <±

rH

o
i— i

r-»

m

rH

cn

rH

cn

rH

i— i

rH

cn

CM

<t

CM

i— i

CM

CM

CO O CO 00 CM

<J <}• m O rH

NO O CM m NO

CM C > CO O O

O N \D sf N

CM r- 1 ,—1 O O

co mo m cm rH

o o o o o

CM rH CM O O

o o o o o

O O rH O O

o o o o o

CO ON o <f 00

o m oo on rH

CM CM CM rH

00 CM CO <f CM

rH rH CM CM CM

o

m

r^

m

m

o

m

o

m

o

o

m

t— i

CM

co

rH

CO

o-

nO

i— i

5>N

m

5n

CO

O
O
CO

CO

o
o
o

CM

o

CM

o

CM

rH

NO CM O ON MO

00 rH I— I O r— I

r^ on oo vo o

NO <t O O rH

<t CO CO CM NO

CM CM O O O

00 vO rH rH CM

o o o o o

CM CM O O rH

o o o o o

rH O O O O

o o o o o

r^ <—> r- cm O

co co co <t Ln

^Q vj rH I— I rH

VO i^~ v-J- rH CO

C~> OO CM CM <t

CM rH

rH CO NO ON

186

4-1
<D

E
CO

•1-1
Q

i-i

B
3
55

0)

a

c

CO

o

oo

CN

CO

OJ

x:
CM O. r>

• co
o

«H u

c

X CD

i— I vO

W CO
4J >

C T-l

3 3

o cr
c

CO

<!■

CN

c_>

On)

SO

00

r-~

53

o

CNI

M

<f

i— V

H

i

v— '

<

O

«<-•»

H

O

CO

kO

o

CM

ro

w

n

> H

i

m 2;

o

H Ju

i — i

38

X

1 >

g

gs

3

53

o

>

a

in

CM

H

s

P-.

<j

ttl

:/)

Q

w

W

H

2

<:

t— i

Q

H

00 O CO 00 <j-

cm o m co o

oo m no oo oo

CM CNI «-4 CM

oo oo cm m r--

on cm in m vt>

VD \D n (M H

CO 0\ CO ^D N

rH 00 r-l CM O
•j- co CM <— < >— '

COM Osf N

r> vO VD v£) r^~

CM N H

\D N N Ch N

h o\ co co m

CM T-l t-l

<J- v£> n£> i— I CO

NO <t •-< CM CO

I— I T—l r— I

co o on r- oo

co m t— i ■— i cm

I— I t— I r— I

vO CO CO O ON

CM ON ON •— I t— I

CO CM <-l

N vj N N O

m ■— ' oo o i— i

i—i i—i

oo o co co m

r^ m co o o

vO CO CO CM i— I

<|- CM ■— I O O

r^ r^ <)■ i—i o

r-i O O O O

vO CM <— I O O

O O O O O

CM r-l i—l O O

o o o o o

in no o co •— <

co r- r-i -J- co

m <f co co r-i

i—i co r — i — i on

CM O CO CM r-l
CO CM i—l

co r^ i—i co i— •

ON CO On in 00

oo co on r-- o

CM r-l i—l i—l

r- i-i co i— i vo

00 vt st lO vO

r- cm <t

r^ vD r-» i— i on

oo <f r^ co co
<J- r-* CM

CM <t ■— ' vO ■— I

o o r-- cm co

CO i—l i-l

O m O oo i— i

CO CO O i—l CM

CM -—I

<f r^~ O co no

vO i — O i—< i—l

i—l i-l

CO <f o o o

cm r-~ o i— i i— i

co o i—i oo m

co co oo o o

CO i-l CM

<j- m co <f no

on ^f m o o

r-l i—l

N CO I — CM CM

00 CM r-» O O

f^. 1-i r— I r— I CM

m cm co o o

o r-» o o i-i

CM O i-l O O

CO CO CM O O

o o o o o

i-l i—l CM O O

o o o o o

ON O 00 CM 00

nO CO r^ ON CM

m cm co i-1

on <j- o o m

vd co m i— ' ■— *

CO i— < CM

o

o m

m

m

m

o m

o

o

o

o o

i—i

CO

m

CO

CM

<f

co

o
i—i

1—1

>.

>.

>»

co m

cO O

CO O

s --1

S o

S o

i-H

o

CM

CM ■-!

CM CM

CM CM

ON in vO On i-l

no o m o r~-

vo on cm oo in

CM CM CM CM

r-» O <t CM CM

O CM i— ' 00 CO

m so <f <}•

on r^. i—i o co

on in <f on cm

CM CO CM CM

CM i-l 00 i-l <}•

r^ on i— i cm i—i

CM CM CM CM

i—i in in v£> on

co no o m o

CM CM CM i—l

cm no r^- cm m

ON O r^ CM O

i—l CM i—l i—l

nO vO CM ON <J-

<t 00 00 N O
CM CM CM i-H

r-» cm cm r-» cm

On ON <f m O

co co <f ■-<

CM o m <t CM

oo no on m o

1—1 1—1 1—1

o r^ o r^ i-i

r-- no oo in o

sf vD CO CO H

CM CM CO CO O

i— i o o m o

i—l i—l i—l i—l o

CO <f CO CO o

o o o o o

r— I r—l CM ■— '

. . • • o

o o o o

O ON vo 00 vD

i— i in in m no
m m <j- <f

ON i— i on m no

00 00 i-l --I
CM CM CO CM

■— i i— i cm r~

187

co

U

V

4-J

0)

E
CO

•r-l

Q

CO

u

u

01

a.

c

■l-l

3

3

O

cr

CJ

w

CO

u-l

<t

X)

d

CO
U

E

3

2;

r-l p~

c
c

CO

U CN

CM

CN

co

-1

vO

00

S3

a
>

a

w

Ph

H

s

Ph

<

w

^)

CJ

w

w

H

s

<

H

a

H

o

CN

n

Cd

co

i

>

H i

£3

t— i

2 O

u

3

O
O X

£3

cMmco<j-ocMOOr--

CN CM CN CM r- 1

\DON>-l<tOO<tCMO

cMCOmcMmcoc^vo

^sf sf <f H H

st CO CO CM O r- ivDCN

iriNrviricONiriro

CN CM CN CN

ONO\in<fONmco

OHMCOiOsfriH
•— ' CM CM r-4

r— ivoor^r^i— i in 4

cooocOstncnNH
. — 1 . — 1 t — 1 . — 1

>— in o<t 0 m cr> h

stsfinHM(MH^

. — I 1 — ( 1 — I . — (

r^cM-— 1 cm h- r- 1- 10

OOOOOo~>'-<<— I 1— I
•— < CO CO CM

CO I — \D O O N H CTi

\Oh-CONsfHHO
CO CM CM CM

1— I O CO CO CM 00 vD in

OCO"— • >— I CM O O O
. — 1 1 — I . — I 1 — I

r-cOvt-d-^ooo

<tfomrgc7vsfcM'-<
r-^coi-icMOOOO

O CTi f) ^D n r- It— I 1 — I

000000000

r^ co •— 'cm-— 1 1— 100
00000000

CO-— 'CM'— Ir-IOOO

OOOOOOOO

NinwvOMntovo

COsfNCOvOHOsr^

<f -a- •<. co ■— 1 >— f

cocoor^r- lovoco

OvOOCTnONHr-l
<f CM CM <-<

ocoooomoo

r- 1 CM CO <f vO On

CO O

X o

t— I

CO o

CNLPiCMCMr^CMinCTs

coininc^co^DNN
CMOONCommiovo

1 — I 1 — I 1— i r-i i— i 1— I r-l

OL/~lONO^£>v£>v£>r~.

inN^NfnooHio

CMCO'— 'COCMCMCOCM

OCOOOM3COOOCO

mcoHHsjinrs^

r— I i — I f — I CNI < — I i — I 1— f ■ — I

<tHCOO»OOnO

oint^NNnwo

• — I 1 — ( r— I 1— I H r— I r-l

(NNNvOt^vDCOiTi

omoorncf>OHco

r— I i— I rH r-| H

mmo-^voniAN
moomr-tr^coovo

cy\Or^-cM,>Or-<0'— 1

HC)i-IC?ivDr^O>vO

co^Or^-Or-^c^cM
o>-i--iOr^r^-oco

I— I T— 1

ooom<j-<j-vo<j-

cnNm<)-vonst'-i

OOOcO'-iCM<f<J-

(N<fcM*crxt>r^-r^
OOOr— 1 o O <— 1 >— 1

--iCMHvfNfgirno
OOOOOOOO

onoNinwHN

OOOOOOOO

Or- IOf— I O O 1— I I— I

OOOOOOOO

<0(MHOCTiinin<t

crvOincMcoinr--Ln

<-< 1— I i— I CO CM CM CM

Ho><)-coNinsf(^

NstCMCMvOr-vnH

omooooooo

l-l I— 1 CO LO VO 0>

CO O

S o

CO o

188

en

CM

C
3
O
O

u

QJ

jj

e

•r-l

Q

a

0)
1—1

CO
>

•r-l

cr
w

c

CO

r-l

I

QJ

c

c

CO

x:
o

00

r-l

QJ
-G

D, in

CO

v£>

CN

CM

-1

vO

oo

o

CN

en

w

I

-n

1

>

H

1

r-j

r-l

Z

o

u

3

O

r-l

i

>

1

s

r-l

H

3

3

o
>

a

w

pw

H

§

Cm

lO

Q

w

w

H

s

<

r-l

Q

H

r^

r3

o

r i

1— 1

CM

r-(

H

i

"--

<

X

r«">

H

O

CO

v£>

CO N 00 00 \D

»-< r-~ v£> oo in

ON v£> CO <+ GO

r— I vO r— I

N C\ O rH m
NO (MvD N

<t Ll~l <f r-l

o> cn <t cm o

cn <f m cn o

r— I rH r-l i—l

oo vt r~- oo oo

<Ti ■— i ■— i i— i in

r-l i—l

v£> ^ <f <1" \D

•— < CN CN r- 1 Cn

r— I i— I r—l

N M N CT\ O

m vO vO O CN

iOvt pro o

r—l i—l i—l O r-l

vo cr\ <f cn m

o o o o o

CO CN CM CN CN

o o o o o

CN CN CN r-l CM

o o o o o

r— I CN O r— I i— I

o o o o o

i— ( i— I o o o

o o o o o

o o o o o

o o o o o

o o o o o

o o o o o

n ^o r^ m ^o

CO vO N vO (N

CN r^- cn r-i

00 O CO CO o

r-H CO >— *

o m m o o

Nino

>N

CO O

s o

00

en o

N N in CTisf

in o\ <n m r- 1

(N c^ in <f \o

r^- <}■ o\ en m

v£> cy> m <}• oo

i—i

m vo m o vo

r- <f cn csi m

sf m oo vo <f

\D <f --I r-l cn

r^ m oo o -—I

00 <f r-t r-l CM

cn o in in cn

m cn o o r-i

i— i oo in m r~-

r-< o o o o

sf m -J- cn n

o o o o o

r-l CM CM CM CM

o o o o o

r— I 1— I <f I— I 1— I

o o o o o

r-l r-l CM r-t CM

O O O O O

r-l r-l CM O O

o o o o o

r-l O r-l O O

o o o o o

O r-l O O O

o o o o o

N CO N CO sf

N cs ^o in CO

<t r-l 0> CT\ O

•— I CM <— < i—1

o o o o o
■— i cn vo o

r^

CO O

cn r-i

cn

CO 00

Oro<t OG\CO

m r-i co o o ct\

r-i o\ in co cn o
in <f m m o in

CM i— I r—l i—l

CM 00 O 00 vD r-l

m oo cn oo m cn

■—I

vD <j- ctn in r~ m

<j- oo •— ' in cn cm

i—i

CON O COvO N

cm r~- ■— ' cn cm r-i

rH

N N N <)■ * (M

in in o cm <— ' r-i

o vo cn vo o cm

Cn r- I O r— I r— I i— I

ON <f cm o oo o

CM O O r-l O r-l

CO CM <— < O r^- vO

cn o o r-i o o

CO rH H N \D M

<t o o o o o

CM i—l r-l cn <t CM

en o o o o o

<t r- 1 O CM CM ■— I

CM O O O O O

CN O O O r-l O

<r o o o o o

CO O O O r- 1 r-l

00 o o o o o

O r- 1 r~~ i— i n. in

VD \D CTi <t O r-l

CM ' — I ■ — l r— '

O CM in vD o o
in r-i cm en cm

CM

o o o m m o

H(\)<f \0 O

m o

S o
i—i

cn ■-"

189

CO

CM

CnI

CM

u

s — '

01

«—N.

4J

o

cu

o

E

ON

•

to

<t

•H

N»^

Q

<f

•— i

O

CO

00

CJ

in

•l-l

\s

U

•— .

<D

m

x:

en

Nl

ex

r-»

1

CO

vD

O

T~i

■U

o

X

1—1

v£>

o

V)

CO

CO

4-1

>

v_^

C

•1-1

•-N

3

3

00

O

cr

o

o

d
CO

in

o

1— 1
^^

1^-

£3

V-i

O

<D

<fr

CM

H

CO

&

i— 1

H

i

e

N— '

<3

H

3

H

S

o

CO

I— 1

cr

^D

0)

i— 1

c

v-^

c

/—s

CO

CM

Si

c_>

CM

O

CM

o

CM

CO

w

1

-o

1

>

H

1

6

r-l

S

o

b

H
3

O

u

t— 1
X

i

>

1

g

h- 1
H

3

3

o
>

a

M

p..

H

^

P-,

<d

W

CO

o

w

w

H

£

<

i-i

Q

H

• cm co ■— i m m o- <]-

vO

COCMCOCOCTncMlOO

cm co r-- m o -— i n on

. 1 ! 1 1 1 I ( 1 1

0(*nom<t«noiD

i— i r^ m NO CM CO CM

co on no oo r-» i— ( r*-

o m <f <t r» oo cm

co co cm ■— * r~- r-i

vo in n in n vo o

co m <j- o

CM CM CM CM

o

CM

ON v£3 CO

T—l

<* O r-- <j-

ON

r— 1 ON r-J

t—l

<t

i—l

r-.

i— i

r-~

CO

vO

r^.

vD

CN

i — i

CM

i— i

I—l

v^

ON

<J

m

ro

00

I—l

CMincOCMON\£>CO00
I — I . — I I — I . — I

CO N r- ICOO-— IOr-1

ON<fi— it— < co <f co m
I— I I— I I— I

CMNI^sfOOvDvOvt

ONCNiONONincocMco

r-l

"jst'-iNixioocoin

rs~Or^r~-<tcM'— icm

i— i

COr^HvDCAsfst^D
OOnOONHn<tH

<fisvor^.inc\i'-<'-<

sttotsnotnoNN
coinin-j-co'— 'oo

CMCMCM'— '>— 'OOO

ONOOOin^OCOCMCM

O'-IOOOOOO

vfCMCO'— iCOCMr- • ' — i
OOOOOOOO

i— ll— li— IO-— IQi— IO

OOOOOOOO

0--lOOr-iOOO
OOOOOOOO

m<f^N<f^C0N

i— I CO vD sf N st C> CM
CO CM CM CM ■— l i— I r-i

tor- iiococMr^oor-

NONNvOvDNHH

ooooooom
i— i cm co <t" in nd r-»

cfl O

S o

CM

CO -—I

0O O st vO vD m o
CO <t CO •— I CO *- I

oo o <x> m <f <)■ r-

oo m CO i— I <f CM nD

CM CO CM r-l i-l

m vo co o on o co
i— i on oo o co vo in

CM CM ■— I r-i

m o ^d i— i cm r«- oo

00 <f CO 00 CO CO CO
r-l (M H

on co r~- on cm on r~^

■—I CO CM vO CO CM CO

CM CO <-i

m r-i i— i o r-- in ■— <

O O CM ON CO CM CO

vO vD N

o on cm oo r»~ oo r-i
cm r~ o m cm i— i co

CM CM ■— I

ON O ■— I CO CO r— I 00

<tf CO MD CO CM i— > i— I

i—l r— I

co oo cm in m in ■—!

ON U~l CO r— I t—l o i— i

o <t r-i m m cm <t

<f r-l r-l o o o o

O VD CO CM ■— I O r-l

r-i O O O O O O

«d" co <— i <— i o o o

o o o o o o o

r-l VD CO ON r-i <f <f

O O in <f CM r-~ 00
^o r>- <)• cm r- 1 on t—i

O 00 O CM <-< O \£>

o r^ cm r— i r-~ in ^o

vO <f CM f-l

o cm o o m o o

r- 1 CM CO <f NO 00

cO O

S o
co ■— •

190

CO

w

4-1
C

3
O
CJ>

V-i

0)
•u
o
E
CO
•l-l
Q

CO
O
■H
V-i
QJ

x

CO
•U

c
a>
I— I

CO

3
cr
w

C

CO

QJ
XI

B

3

(1)

c

CO

X!
C_>

CO

^>

m

ro

<f

\£>

CO

CJ

o

CM
CO

w

""J

1

>

H

1

E>

M

S

O

U

H

3

o

i

>

s

a

3

3

o
>

a

X

PL,

H

5

CO

Q

w

bJ

H

a

<

i—i

Q

H

l-»

S3

O

CN

M

.— 1

H

' —

<

*^-s

H

O

CO

^D

oooomp-inaNcom
or^.oomeor^-<i-v£>

<f n CM H H ■— I

o\\ocx)Nroi-iinH
Hr^cMr-icriooioco

CTv r^ v£> <f CM i— I CM •— I

^ vD <f vD r-l h- ' — iCTi

oororiMNOinin

s} <}■ IT) CM H r-l r-l

ONCOrNNNCOOrn

<t CM <j" '^O ■— lf-~r- IvJ

co en cm <— i ■— < i—i

oooomcTvunr^m
en cm cm i-^

r~-ONCMCNj<fr-lvj-<f

cMO^o>-<cocnocNi

CM CM ■— I >-4

O 0> ■— i iri rv sf <f n
ooai\DconiAcM

CM CM -—I —I

cMOr^r-~CTvr^-Or~-

\OHstnCMtOvOCM

<t LD rn cm >— i

iTiOOin^Ni-lvCO

int^ONvON\tCM

cn en cm r-i

<f<fNNcincht^
cnvjcfiinmHroH

r— I r-4

c^v©ocnoinr^r-<

lOlTKtNnOHH

cnooocoocMincM

CMi-ICMOOOOO

COmstCMN'-IrM^

oooooooo

cn-^cMi— < i— iooo
oooooooo

sfvor^sth-sj-rM^o
r~-voinenc\i'— ' cm •— '

CTv0Or^<)-r^Ln'— (<j
oomoo^t-om
in m cn cm >—i i— i

o^rmomomo
i— « cm cm m vO CO

co m

m

en ■— •

OCHOiflCONOvOr^N
vOi— 'envOeMCTNi— i i— ien

n0CiO3HWNCM»N

en o i-i i—i i— i

r^i— i en <f oo cm cn ■— i o

vDinCOCMinCMi— 'CTnCO

vo i — • en cm i — i ' — i i — i

enmcMOr^oomcni— <

cocM<reni— ivovoinm

en cm cm i— < i— <

roc^\Doooo\NOom

onoooNvfvfnn
en '-* cm

O O (M lO OvD r- 1 cn 00

<fO\o\OvjcnconcM

CM i-l ■—!

r-~r- iONcno>X)r~~i— i i— i
oocoLnm<fcMCMcncM

i—l iH

enr^r~~-enococOLno>

^OvfsfMHHNH
CM i—l -—I

m 00 N \t CM >- 1 <— < CM i— I
vD CM CM

^ooor^<tmencMCMi— i
cn cm i— ' en cm i— i i — i i — i i — i

CM CM i-l

oovDinmcMcooor--

invOOOCMCMOi— li-HO
t-H i—l

co n o\ co i- t <f in m <j-
ooo^eO'-*'-^oooo

lflvOCMCMsfHCMCMH

eoeoi— ioooooo

^O N -^ r- 1 i— I i— I i— IOO

ooooooooo

en"— ! CM N i- IOOOO
OOOOOOOOO

r>.cnr^a>com\Os)-N

m o vo cOsf i- iloi—io
vD co en ' — i ' — i i — !■— ii— ii — i

CNCnHxt-rvvflOlsfsf

r--ooor~-vDcMcncncM
m m cm

oinommLnoom

N cn •* ^ vo rv r^-

co m

CO --I

191

en

ON

m

Vj

^-^

0)

4->

O

<u

o

e

ON

cO

<t

•H

v—'

Q

.— i

o

CO

CO

u

in

•r-l

rJ

y~^

0)

m

x;

co

■M

o_

r>»

•

1

in

v£)

O

^x

t— 1

x->

c

O

X

<u

O

r-l

nO

«

CO

00

•U

>

^^^

C

•H

ss

3

o

00

O

w

o

C_>

w

m

o

XI

t— 1

c

N_^

rO

r^

U

QJ

<t

CM

,Q

r-l

E

v_x

3

•~\

S5

o

i—i

cr

NO

<U

1—1

c

» — '

c

/~\

cO

CM

X!

O

CM

CO
CM

o

CM

co

w

(

■n

1

>

H

i

jfj

1— 1

SS

o

6

H

3

o
u

1— 1

i

>

1

s

I—l

D

H

►-J

Zl
o

3

O
>

a

w

p..

H

§

m

Q

W

W

H

2

<

t— t

G

H

\t O N N \D

SvD N vO N 1A

«— ' on on r~^

CM
CO

CM
ro

o

CO

o

ON
r—l

o

00

m
m

CM

1—1

ro

o

CM

1— 1

CM

00

r-l CO

00 NO

NO

CM

1—1

o
ro

<r o

CM r-
CM f-l

00

i— 1

vD

m

NO

ON

i—l

<t

<f

cm -ci-

00

co

m o

CM

r--
m

CO

NO

NO

m

o
o

r-l

CM
CM

r^-

in CO

CO
NO

o

ON

in r^

<f CO

00

ro

00

CM

1 —

00

i—l

<f

o

ON CM

00

r^

<f CO

m

CO

ON
CM

CO

t— l

CM

ro

CM

co

O

n£>

CM

i—l

o-

CM CM

o

ON

00 CM
CM CM

t— i

i— 1

o

NO

m

NO

ro

O

<r

CM NO

o

m

O 00

no

CM

t— 1

CM

CM

r-l

r-l

CM

CO
CM

ro

ON

CO

CM i—l

00
CM

i—i

CM

O NO

CM --I

o>

m

m

CM

CM

ON

CO

<t

r-~

ON CO

CO

NO

r-l CM

On

t—l

r— |

ON

00

CM

i—i

ro
CM

r-^

CM

i—l i—l

CM
CM

r-l

r-~ co

t—l t—l

CM

I— 1

00

r^

00

CM

O

m

NO

on ro

ON

<!-

CO NO

nD
i— 1

ro
i— i

i—l

m

r— 1

m

r-l

r— I

m

CM

H i—l

NO
1—1

CM

i—l

m cm

i—i t—i

CM

r-»

O

ro

f— 1

00

ro

00

<f

00 <f

CO

CO

r^ m

CM
CO

ro
ro

NO

T— 1

<t

r-l

1—1

CO

r-l

<f

CM

t—l t—l

1— 1

CM

r—l

CO <— 1
r-l r- 1

i—l

on

r— I

i— 1

r-l

ON

1—1

nO

m

<f CM

00

r*»

CM -cf

O

ON

SO

00

CO

<t

r-l

On
CM

o

ro

NO

CM

i—l i—l

CM
CM

ON
<— 1

on ro

t—i i— i

r^

ON

CO

oo

NO

O

i—l

vO

O

O 00

r^

1—1

<f r-l

CO

NO

CM

CM
CM

CM

o

o

CM

CO

r— 1

<*■

CM

r-l O

NO

i—i

ro

t— i

CO O

t—l t—l

o

M

H
<
H

C/3

i

M

o

ON

O

o

o

CO

r-l

ON

i—l

co

O I

M

T—l

NO

NO

1—1

o

t—l
1—1
NO

ON

CM

o

CM

r—l

m

O O l
CO ro

m

NO

o

00

CO

r^ no

On O

CO

CM

<f

o

o

NO

vO

1—1

o

o o

CM

ro

CM CO

on

00

<t

ro

CM

NO

r-

CO

i—i

r-l CM

NO

r-»

vO On

o

o

i—i

O

O

1—1

i—i

o

o

o o

o

o

O O

CO

ro

<f

r— 1

i—l

CO

m

1—1

t—i

r-l O

1—1

CM

CM CO

o

O

O

o

o

o

o

o

o

o o

o

G

o o

r-l

o

i—i

o

1—1

1—1

i—i

o

1—1

o o

o

i—l

I—l r-l

O

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o o

o

O

o o

CO O i—l O i—l

no cm m o o
no r- in co ■— '

IT) \D N N N
O <}■ NO NO CM
vj CO CO

o

m

t—l

m

CM

o
m

o

m

>>

>^

d

O

CO

o

X

o
co

r3

o

ON

co

rH

CO

r-l

i— i r^- oo r-i i— i oo

ON CO On r-l O r-~

vj vO •— I i— I i— I

CM CO ON CO m CM
CO 00 r^ <f CM CM
CO CO

h n n sf

O CO 00

oo m o --i

<f m <f en

00 NO CO CO
O CO ■"-! O
CM CM CM CM

c

m

o

O

r-H

CM

>N

rci

o

s

o
o

ro

CM

192

CM

I

O

w

4-1

d

O

n

u
m

4-1

e

CO

CO
O

•r-l
J-l

cu
-C

ex,
on

4-1

c

QJ

1—1
co
>

•r-l

3

cr

-o

c

CO
V-i

cu

£
3

0)

e
c

CO

_c

CO

CM

CO

vO

m

CM

CO

O

CM
CO

w

r>

1

>

H

i

S3

M

2:

o

u

H

3

£3

o

r— 1

i

>

g

s

3

13

3

o
>

a

w

ru

H

T,

Ph

<i

u

ir>

Q

W

W

H

r.

<!

i— i

Q

H

On co s

m on co co

On vD iv O

<J- CO CO >— «

co o r~~ o

o <t m <-*
in o> r^ cm

<?- m cm o

co m <f >-4

N H CO 0>

r^ r^ i— i co
<J- co co

<t m o vo

r-( co m r—

CO CM CM

O r-- co co

<n <t n n

CM CM CM

m vo <t n

co m — i r-^

r-l CM CM

OOOMfl^O

r- co co o>
co <f <J-

00 r-l v£> CO

ON vO CO CO
CM CO CO

co cm o r-

CM CM rv CM

CM CM i— I

<f co r~~ <— i

r— I CO vl> •— I

CO CO vO CO

CO r-l ■— I O

no in co cm
o o o o

CM CM r-l O

o o o o

co cm r-» no

m m on co
cr\ r-» \o >— i

on m o r-~

rJ^O N 00

>D m si-

co r-i on <t r-»

r-l \0 CO rH <f

r~- t^ <t co O

CM CO r-l r-i

<j- m ON O 1— I

in <j- o on co

UN, vO CO

r^ on co o *-*

mvocom <f

CO CO r-l

ON !-v v£> CO On

^o ^o st ri cm

CM CM r-l

O CM O O r-4

O r-l r-i CO CM

CM CM -— I

in O rv On CM

m r^ co cm cm

i— I r— I

CM CO vO <f O

-J" vO 00 CM CM

r— I r-l

r-- in in on co

co ON co CO CM

CM CM r-l

VO ON O ON NO

1/1 vD vD H H

r-t CM

m co -4- on cm

in co m o >— i

in co co m -X)

on co cm o o

O CO CO CM CM

CO CM O O O

NO NO CO r— I 1 — I

o o o o o

CM r-i CM O O

o o o o o

cm vo m m cm

H<t vO H co

in no cm r— i i— i

rv o o o co
m o co <t co

<t m r-l

VO ON

co

<f CO CM CO O CM

O CO r-l CO r-l -—I
CO CO CO r-l I— I I— I

O M tfl N M N
vf sf CO ^ <f r^

VO VO <f r-l r-H

m co <f co m cm

v£> CO 00 ON I-- <J-
CO CO

on in in m cm m

00 CM CO f- NO CM
CM CM

r-i co m no r- <}■

CM ON CM vO m CM

CM r-l

no co r~- in r^- <t

i-. on cm in m cm

1—1 r-l

oo on r~- o m t—i

co 00 CM NO \o CO

""-I .r-l

CM O 00 On O CO

O <f sf 00 vO CO

no in

ON O i—l i—l ON On

m m no m <j- cm

CM CO

ON r^ <f <f r-~ -— I

r-~ r^ r~- in cm cm

00 N 00 ON vO sf

On in <]- CM ■— I r-l

CM vD ON CO vO sf

CO r-i i— I O O O

rv NO CO CM r-l i— I

O O O O O O

CM <f CM r-l i—l r-l

O O O O O O

O CM NO ON CM in

i— i co o O rv <J-

nO NO <t CM •— I r— '

m in co co o on
r-v ■— i co <f o r~-

in m cm r- 1 r— i

o m ■— i cm

■—1 CM

o m

m

i—i

CO
CM

O
CO

o in m o on m

■—I CM CM CO

crj O

•—I

CO CM

3 May
2200

3 May
2330

193

n

m

rJ

Vw'

<u

"*>

4-1

o

0)

o

E

cr.

03

<t

•r-l

v-'

Q

r-l

o

CO

00

o

m

•H

v— '

u

/— s

OJ

m

X!

co

CM
1

a,

CO

r-~

vO

O

>w"

.—<

4-1

c

o

X

l—l

NO

o

w

03

CO

■u

>

v_^

C

•r-l

•— N

3

3

00

O

cr

o

o

C

CO

m

o

r-l

r-

S

>-i

o

<D

<t

CM

r-l

o-

XI

i— 1

H

i

g

v-^

<J

•"3

3

r">

H

^

o

CO

r-l

p"

no

<U

r-l

c

v— '

d

r*"\

03

CM

xi

O

CM

O

CM

o

CM
CO

w

O

1

>

H

1

6

M

Z

o

u

o
o

r-l

1

>

1

g

h-l

3

r^>

3

o
>

r3

rfi

PM

H

T,

P-i

<

U

LO

Q

W

W

H

a

<

r-l

a

H

m i— i m cm on <j-

vo m sf r^ <t m

r^ <t n o © ^o

CM CO CM CM

CM in r-4 CM r- 1 m

oo oo on in o r-~

r^ r-^ y£> <t •— '

co oo on <)• in co

r-« oo «— i \& m -<t

<f <r <t cm

O OO 00 CO O ON

<t vf N ON <f N
CO CO CO r-l

oo <j- <t m m r-«

O vD vC UN N N
CM CM CM i— '

MA4st 00 O

r-l O ON r-l CM CM
CM CM r-l rH

oo in in on <j- co

On in v£> O CM CM

I 1 ■ 1 ! 1 1 1

in m co o cm o

CO ON CM r~^ CM CM

CM r-( CM r-l

r~- in co on >-j- co

\jO I— I I— I ON ■— I ■— I

I—I r-l r-l

CO ON CO Cv] o o

o no o m i— i r-i

r-l i— I

cm m o co no no

in cm in cm o o

r^ <}- <f no co co

r-l O r-l O O O

in ■— ' <sj" co >— i <— i

o o o o o o

I— I r-l i— I I— I O O

o o o o o o

CO oo

CO CM

vo o co r^~ r-i o>
m no m co f-i

on o co co <t >n

CO o ON oo <f CO
CO CM CM H

o <f cm no in on

i—I ■—! CM CM

NO

r-- o r-. r- ■— « vo

r-l 0O i— I O CO CO

r-» <J- cn •— i I— 1 I— I

r--. i — I i — I vO On CO

m On O r- 1 NO r-
■sf ON <t CM r-< CM

>— i on o co r-~ co

o m o <f o vo

oo in co «-- ' '— i rH

<t m o cm co <t

r-^ •— i ■— i o oo co
in <f cm ■— I r-l

cm no o m vo <j-

<j- cm in r~- vo i— i

<J" CO n I i— I

CM VO <J" ON O <f

o oo —i in m on
<j- cm •— I

<t <-i o <j- o oo

vO On r*. r-~ vj 00

CO CM <~ I

oo in vo co oo vo

vO OO N i-l tn VD

vo m cm i— *

CO 00 r-l r-l vO 00

ON 00 CO m r-l <J-

<t CO <-*

r-~ oo <f co on i— i

00 CO CM 00 00

on <t co r^ ■— i

co <f co r^ on

st ON

^D On r-- ON O

CM O CO O VO

CM CO <)• ■— I r-l

cm in >x> r^. in

CO ON r-^ v£> O
r^. v£) CM i—l

n o m H<t

m co on m oo
\o in i—i

cm cm r*- o r^

ON \0 ^D st ^O

m co ■— i

CM CM NO CO ON

CO O <f CO -vt
<t CO r-H

<t Nsf CO ON

m o in cm co

yO CO f-i

<j- i—l <j- ON CO

m in on i— i cm
oo NO co

r^ on co m i—i

CO -st ON i—l CM

co co i— i

<t ^D N COst

1— 1
1

CM 00

CM '-I

00 CO

o

CO

CM
!

i4

o
i—i

r— co

CM i-l

O

r— 1

<t o

O CM

m

o

<t

<j- m

o-

I—l

VO vO

CO r-1

o

CM

co

O vD

O

l—l

m in co co i—i r^-

r-l r-l O O O O

st CO s+ H H Cn|

o o o o o o

CM i — I ' — I i — I O i — I

o o o o o o

CO ON O ON i—l 00

CO ■— * CM ON r- <t

CO 00 -vt i— I H CM

MNI O H ON <t

co cm m O CO CM

no in cm i— * i—1

o in m o in m

i—l CM CM co

vo in n co co

o cm i— ' o o

co co -3- i— • •— I

o o o o o

CM r-( I— I O O

o o o o o

co no r— m on

m co o i— • <t

o in in i—i i—i

o i—i co >n co
on r^~ on co n
<t so co

co o

S o

■—I

<f o

03 O
CM

<r o

o

m

OJ

1

O

r— 1

rv;

-3"

>N

ta

m

•Z.

CO
CO

<t

o

194

CN
I

O

c

3
O

u
tu

cu
E
TO

•r-l

o

c
cu
r- 1
CO
>
•r-l

cr
w

C

co

Vj
<u
JQ
E

CU

c
c

CO

o

co

CN

ON

00

rJ

x:

a. rs
co

nO

<t

CN

o

m

no

oo

^ i-i

o

>

M

H

3

en
H i
S o

o

C_> X

l

LATIVE
VOLUME

SAMPLE
DEPTH

DATE
TIME

vovooostn

ON cn cn *— ' <t r- 1

vD fO N N o m

cn cn > — i ' — i >-h i— <

>-< o n vd to n

no o m cn no cn
rs rs cn cn ■— i cn

cm m m cm vo in
<f co cn m o cn

St Cn CN I— I I— 1 r— I

^o on vo in cn on

N OvD O WON

cn cn <—i i— <

00 00 00 <t vO r-l

O 4 N 00 \D CO
CM N H

is on no o is m

m cn o rs m rs
cn cn •— >

cn cn co cn cn cn

o no m is m rs
cm cn -— i

H CO 00 N N ON

H vD vO CO M vO
r^ \£> CM

on st co co rs cm

in cm cn cn cn in

CO CO r-i

t ■-

o

M

On

NO

rs

nO

i— i

st

C !

cn

nD

en

is

cn

CM

Vt

<t

r ■!

H

i

CN

CM

l

S-'

<d

«

M

^~-

H

o

c/>

ON

CO

no

to

O

O

NO

CM ON CN r-l r- 1 cn

CN (N ON st CO ON

cn cn o o o o

oo in r— I t— I CM CM

o o o o o o

cn cn o ■— i o i— i

o o o o o o

cm cn O i— I 00 CM

m oo <t >— i vo cj

Is NO cn CM r- 1 CM

O 00 CN ON ON nO
in CM CM O nO <t

IS VD (Nl H r— I

o cn on <t on <f

r-l CM CN st

on cn oo o cn no

ON CM CN <f O 00

on in cn cn cm co

<t Cn r-l CM •— I t-i

on on cn cn m t-i

m is cn •— i m st

cm vo cn cn cm cm
r-i cn

O N\fl<t (OO

in on >— i oo st cn

sf (<1st H H r(

m

cn

st

ca m

st

<t o

m cn r-i i— t i— i on
cn cn <t r-i i-i

•—I cm rs co in in
o rs cn co oo rs

CO CM r-l

00 On cn r-l O <f

cn st on is ^o no

CM CM

N CO M CO N sf

is <t o no in m

cn cn r- 1

cn on cm m co is

rl <f VO CN N N

m in ■— 1

m i is cn cm co

i— i | on m in no

CM

m | <f no o cm

is | lOstsf lA

oo o cn cm m m

cn <j- cn cm cm cm

rs on cn is no rs

O O r-l O O O

CM I <t r-l CM CM

O | O O O O

r-l , cn r-l r-l O

O I o o o o

CM CN On O CM is

oo is r-i cn >— i rs

00 nO is cn CM CM

no in no cn <f no
cn is in cn cn cn

Cn Cn CM r- 1 r-l r-l

o m cm on st rs
r-l cn <t st

CO O

m

st o

•— I 1— I NO St IS O

rs r-l <f IS in ON

in o co cn in no

cn cn <— i st >—i oo

ON O r-l VD NO m

cn st no vo oo in
cn cm cn r-i t— i \£>

cn <t -—I o in cn

ON CM o 00 r-l vo

i — i i— i cm i — i cn

co cm --I on m cn
st on <t st CO VD

r-l r-l CM

st 00 CM \D nO On

cn ts cm st no cn

r-l r-l CM

O Cn St O ON r-l

r-i rs o st in cm

i— I r-l CM

is m r-i cm in cn

o rs cn st in on

r-l st st cm cn NO

cn rs m is rs co
CM r-l cm <— i

rs cm cm tn cn in

o cn r-i <j <t m

r-l i— < r-l r— I

is o m ON IS ON

<t \£> m cn cn st

r-l

st no rs r-i r-i Ln

cn cn CN cm cn oo

o st o rs m oo

r-l i—l I— I O O <—<

CM St CM r-l r-l cn

o'o o o o o

CM CN r-l O r-l i—l

o o o o o o

cn o is oo o cm

o ■— i cn oo cn cm

m cn cn st cn r-i

cn o cn on cm no

o cn >— i o h oo

CM CM CM r-l r-l cn

o in o on on cm
■— i cm cn tn

co m
S cn

NO

st O

195

c
o

n

rJ
cu

QJ

E
CO

•r-l

Q

CO
O

•r-l

u
.c

CX
CO

4-1

c

0)

f— I
CO

>

•r-l

cr

c
<o

cu
rQ
E
3

c

c

CO

sO

<f

CO

o

CM

w

■n

1

>

H

i

p

M

2;

o

o

3

o
u

i—i

i

>

1

g

r-l
H

3

5=>

3

o
>

a

a

pt,

H

5

to

CO

Q

w

W

H

S

<:

r-l

Q

H

O N N CO N

no en cm r-- vo

t^ co co n n

i— I r-l i— I CM ■— I

r»- cm md en m

WO WOW
CM -st r-l CN <-*

m r«- vo m ro
r-» en o o cm

r— I CM •— I i— I ■— I

co o vo m on

vt CO CO CO CO

f— I 1—1

iTlN m O ffi

cm in m no r-^

.—I r— I

vo on o cn o

o <t <t m co

I— I r-l

m r-~ on r- cm

o <j- en -<J- no

i— i .—i

<f r-- r-- O vo

o cm m <}■ vD

r-l H

i— I O i— I CT\ r— '

N O CO N st

1-

53

cm o vo <r en

CM

r-l

no

r-»

i— l

H

i

<t in r- 1 cm en

i

^

<

W

M

O

CO

o cn r-- o on

sO

i — i

CM CM O r- 1 r-t

VO nO CM in CO

o o o o o

cm cm ■— < <— i en

o o o o o

i—l i—l O i—l CM

o o o o o

vo cm <j- <fr m

on <f <f o r-i

cm en cm en cm

o m <f o o

m n m oo co

o o o o o
>— i en <f no

vo on o r^ cm

cm o in vo i— i
oo o en in m

vo in n m n

cr> v,-j- vo in <f

•— • CM CM

vO On en on en

m on r-v <j- cm

I— I r-l

CM nO *£> in On

i—l r-l

r-- <j- ■— i m r-~

cn no cn O ■— i

t-i r-i

en <f <j- en cm

<f vO en r- 1 i— I

1—1 I— I

i— I O \£> On O

<f NO r-l O r-l

r- 1 r-l

O -vf VO r-l O

<f ON r^ 00 r-J

oo vo o on m

CM OOsf <t O

vo in m en in

i— i <j- cm cm o

ON r-l CM O CM

O CM i— I r- 1 O

N cOvt rn --<

o o o o o

•—I en CM r- 1 i—l

o o o o o

r-l r— I t— I O O

o o o o o

<t vD N CO i£)

cm r-» <l" m vo

CM -—I CM CM

co en vo to co
m in o co -—I

NONOH<f CO

cn r- 1 vo <t in co on

o co r^ in vo cm en

in i— * r~~ cm

On On 00 r-l CM On CM

<t r^ on cm vo en oo
en cm m

vo m <f vo <f on on

oo m m rH en en <j-

r-l i— I i— I

■—I cm o cm in m on.

m CM <f i— I CM CM CM

i— < i—l

in m st i-i n n c\

CM ON cn r-l CM O i—l

1—1

cn r>» cm r-i oo in oo

o oo en r-i i—i o i—i
r-i

r-i en on o cm <f m

00 r-» CM rH r-l O r-l

r-» m <f no on en cm

m no cm o o o r-i

cn oo vo <f r^ <j- vo

en <f •— i o o o o

r-. o oo en <t CM <f

i— I CM O O O O O

ON o <t CM m CM CM

O r-i O o o o o

en en cm r-i i—i o r-i

o o o o o o o

r-l r-l O O O O O

o o o o o o o

r-l r-l O O O O O

o o o o o o o

m r-~ r-i ,-j- m ■— i en

H N H vD CO O^O

vO CM t— I 00 CM

<)- vO r-l CM nO ON 00

CO CO CO r- ' rH r-l i— I

rfl O

S O

00

<f o

o o
1—1

o

en

o

o
m

O r^ O O O O O

cm cn m r-. on

4 May
0900

4 May
1000

196

CO

CM

CO
4->

C

O

o

u

CD

u

QJ

E
ctj

o

•iH

<u
-C

a,
to

4-1

c

0)

r-l

CO

>

•r-l

3

cr

tj

c

CO

U

QJ

x>

B

0)

c
c

CO

x:

00

vO

m

CM

O

m

\o

co

o

CM
CO

w

n

1

>

H

i

rj

M

S

o

^J

H

to

i— i

3

O

u

c_>

y.

i

>

£

g

hH
H

3

^>

3

o

C_>

>

a

33

(X.

H

§

Ph

W

CO

O

w

W

H

S

<

i— i

Q

H

i -

55

O

C J

i— i

ON

r 1

H

1

S..'

<C

M

/"N

H

O

00

vO

r^ r^ o\ m \£> r^- i-h

vo<f ocoo^n

CO CM CM 00 1^ ON v£>

oo r~ i— i cm <o on m

r-i vo t— i on oo m co

i— i i—i r-i

CM CM CM ON ON r-. 00

IT| 00 MO >J N H

vO v£> <f m CM On O

<j- r^- r^ vj- co i— i r-i

00 CM 00 vO r-l ,— f r---

uo r^ m co co i— i o

m cm vo o r- co vo

<f MO <J- CO CM O O

r^ oo r- co »-D r^ <t

r-l CO CO CM CM O O

r-^ vo co -—I o <t co

O CM CM CM CM O O

<f r-l 00 CM •— I CM CM

O r- 1 O r-l r-H O O

co ^o <f r^ m cm <— i

o o o o o o o

rH CO CM CO CM rH rH

O O O O O O O

r—l r-l t—l (NJ r-l O O

o o o o o o o

r-l O O r-l r-i r-l O

o o o o o o o

O O O rH O o o

o o o o o o o

CM ON <J- i— I O vO CM

cm r^ o cm O O r^-

CM 00 CM CO ON O vO
CM CM CM CO CM r-l

o o m m o o o
r- 1 i— i cm •<)" r~- O

CO O

S o

CM

<t r-l

<j- vo cm o in in vo

oo oo m r^ oo m r-i

r-i m m <j- o- m oo

I— I I— I <j- r— I

r^ (\ r-^ o o on co

on m co cm cm o- co

ON 00 O CM r-l ON CO

CO VO rH r-l i— I ON <}•

vO MM rl O (\j \D

CO LO r-l i— I O <f CO

CO <t >—l r-l CO 00 CM

CO vD i— I r-l O CM CO

<t -—I cm i—i m co oo

CM <J- r-H r-H O CM CM

on m <f m m -—I co

O r-l o o o CM CO

CO ^O CO CO CM 00 rH

O O O O O r-l co

CM CO CM r-l CO "-I r-l

O O O O O r-l CM

i— I CM •— I CM r-l r- O

O O O O O O r-l

r— i r- 1 i—i t—i i—i co m

o o o o o o o

r—l r-l rH O O r-l r-l

o o o o o o o

o o o o o o o

o o o o o o o

o o o o o o o

o o o o o o o

co o in in in vo <j-

<f o vo m in cm r-i

i—l cm in CM

H ^ N vO CO N IT)
rH r-l CO CO

o o m m o o r-~
■— I <—i cm co m \£>

CO O
S CO

co

o- <->

197

co

CM
I

O

d
d
o
c_>

fO
u

•H

r-l
(1)
x:
a,

CO

c

<L)
r-l

to
>

w

C

r-l

<u

JD
G

2;

CU
C

d
to

oo

m

ro

<f

CO

OJ

o

CM

CO

w

r>

1

>

H

i

ZD

M

^

o

s

H

^

r-l

3

O

o

CJ

X

w

l

1

>

i

M

3

3

o
>

a

X

Ph

H

^

P-.

<J

W

CO

O

w

u

H

£

<r!

f-<

o

H

S

U

t-i

M

r— 1

H

1

<:

W

H

CO

csif^cNjcovx)v£)cr>cNim

t— i O vO r-~ <— i n <t ff\ in

i-l CM

co <(- >— i cx> <f <^ m in >- 1

vDOOONvfHoOntO

■ — < . — I r-l

-Ct C7\ CO I — CM O CM r-l cO

r^mror-icNjr-ifMCNioo
csioocrsONvor^mvDcM

I^vDMO'-'OHi-IvO
OONWNvDNfl'-l

r^t-~.nO'— to-— ir— i\o

I — i — iCTiCTS" — I m in CM O

lOvOCMOr- IO>— Ir— (LPl

oovo<— i in m n oo m \o

r— lr-(r— lOOOr- IOr-(

mvomnstmoooON

OOOOOO^-fOO

CNJClr-lr- lo-)CNJC\l^DLT|

OOOOOOr-lOO

C\]'— It— I I— I fY-) r- 1 ^5 1T| fl

ooooooooo

i — ii — li — li — li — I i — I CM CM CM
OOOOOOOOO

O ■— <OOr- < O r- ( i — I . — I

ooooooooo

Or-IOOOOr-lOO

ooooooooo

ooooooooo
ooooooooo

OO O Ch \0 st CO >- 1 CM CM

in n ^ i in i — inr^-t^cN

i — I i — I i — I co

<t-oomcMuocMmoo

i — I i — I i — I i — I CM ' — I ' — I

ommvDr- imoooo

h n<t m vc ooo

CO O

m

N<fomoN\fn<fro

CO O vO r^- <f ■— I CM CM CM O

r-. vo CT\ ■— i co i — r-» \0 cm r-v

cO'-ivjcfi\OfMinoriHH
r^m\£>incM00omo o>

i — ( i — I i — I i — I CO

r»- t— 'cMm^tomcocMOO

CICOCOlxNsfvDnNt CO
CM

r-IO"— IvOst r- < o co r^. o

cocor^vomcoo-'-ioocM

-— ICTi00cOC0CM<fCMCOr^

cocMinincocMCM'— < > — * > — i

MOODiAOr-INNNN
N(NinsJ--ctNHHOH

invDco^ouocococ^mcN

CMCMincO-4"'— 'OOO'— I

vovooomcooooococo—i

CMCMCOCM<fr-IOOO'— I

HHO\to\HMiDrncri

I— li— I (S| r- 1 (\| r- IOOOO

intNNinstr^NmcMst
0000--100000

CM CO *•£> <t in CO •— < cm ■— 'CM

oooooooooo

1—lr-irO'— lr— Ir-IO'— IrH— I

oooooooooo

1— lOrHrHr-IOr— l!— IOO

OOOOOOOOOO

Or- (rHrHr- li— IOOOO

oooooooooo

i— <mcMOcMincTsoomcM

ooom\OroNONNONCJ\

voococoo^omoocMr^
cm n in n <)■ co <- ' < — ' ' — i <— i

omoinooinooo
>— irHcoior^omo

H H CM

co m

198

cm

w
u
C

o
o

oj

4-)

0)

E
CO

•H

Q

CO
u

•r-t

-C
D.
CO

4-1

c

QJ
1—1

ro

•r-l

cr
to

c
to

u

CD

E

c
d
ro

ON

00

vO

LO

CNJ

<»■

vD

CO

is

!2i

CM

H-l

CM

i—l

H

1

v— '

<J

hJ

*~\

H

O

CO

vO

CM

o

CM
CO

w

■*!

1

>

H

1

6

h- 1

Z

O

o

3

t3
O

w

i— i
X

i

>

^?

s

r-l
H

3

3

o
>

a

ffl

Pm

H

§

P-(

CO

o

w

w

H

s

<U

l—l

o

H

<f i— < On 00 CM CO O

CM 00 r-4 <J\ CM -— I -t
O ON On ON Is nO O

00 CM <)■ r- I LO On \D

CO n£) O On CO LO O

.— I I— I r-l i— I i— I .—I

I — ON <— I CM vO On fs

\D is vo o is cm LO

I—l

ON O N n vD N <f

<!" VJ0 CO LO LO i— I CO

is on <— i is oo cm lo

CO -tf CO CO CO '-< CM

is i— i cm <t r- 1 is oo

CO <f CO CO CO O i-l

H m O vD OMAsf

-t <f CO CM ■— I O i— I

i— i co o r-- oo -t o

CO CO CM >— I ■— I O i— I

Osf O CO Hff)N

CM <— I i— I ■— l •— I O O

CA N vO O CO N <t

O O O r-i o o o

nO LO CO LO uO CM st

o o o o o o o

CM CO CM CO <t r-i r-l

O O O O O O O

r- 1 CM O CM r- ' O ■— I

o o o o o o o

•— < i—l O CM •— < O O

o o o o o o o

vD 00 LO O CM LO CN
st <J- CM LO — I is CO

vO rs CO O LO <— I LO

sf st CM \D <f ■-< CM

O LO LO O O LO o

i— I CO LO is o

>N

CO O

S o

00

st r-t

O On nO O 00 is

CO LO i— I LO CO CM

Is CO 00 On st O

LO <f i— I CM CM

On On 00 LO CO vO

Is NO O <t CM LO

Oi vO CNI CM ■— I

O 00 LO 00 m 00

O is ^h co cm (s

•sf CM •"-! r~l

lo is no oo co on

m \o is <t oo lo

CM «-<

<t vf is ^ On CO

i-t <t vO H vO <J-
CM i—l

st st 00 CM LO <f

O vO LO ■<— I LO CO
CM r-l

NO CM O nO On i— I

oo vf \£> cm <f ro

CM >-<

NO O is OO On On

On CO LO i— I <f CM
CO CO

ON CM st co m H

i—l CO O CM <— I CO

CM CM ND CM CM LO
On |s CM •— ' CO CM

is NO CM O CO On
CM CO CM st O |s

^O On i— I i—l

O 00 O i— I

00 O CO o

00 CO O CO

\£> LO r— I i— I

CM

O LO IS LO

rs <f- co co

co co <-<
co

IS O LO NO

■—I NO m CO
CO <f

is O nD CM

LO O CO NO
CO

is <f |s ON

CO LO CO <t
CM

00 i-H CO <f

CM CO CO <f
CM

LO st nD 00

CM CO CO CO
CM

CO 00 00 CO

CM O sj- CO
CO

CO st CO CO

LO

CO

00

co

NO

o

LO

CO

CM

st

CM

CO CO

CO

1

st

NO
CM

CM

IS

CM

o

LO

st

o

-t

LO

CM

st

1

ON
i— 1

st

On

1 — 1

st r-t

CM CM

st

o

o

On

On

NO

CM

st

CM CM

On

CM
CM

CM

O

1— 1

i—i

i—l

IS

i—l i—l

st

ro

LO

st

st

LO

LO

CM

st <f

CN

co

o

o

o

o

o

CM

o o

is

(X)

iH

r— 1

1—1

r-l

CM

st

r-l i—l

O

r— 1

o

O

o

o

o

O

o o

CO

st

1—1

O

o

o

1—1

st

o o

o

O

o

o

o

o

o

o

o o

O CO CO CO

CO LO v± 00

i— I 00 i— I i—l

co

NO O O ON

i— I O I — nO

i—I LO

o

LO

o

o

m

o

O

o

m

LO

CM

CO

st

nO

i—i

CM

st

>s

>N

CO

o

CO

o

s

o
o

£

r— 1

st

CN

st

CN

199

CO

u

01
■u

<u
E

CO

Q

CM

co

CO

00

o

m

•r-t

V_x

u

■e-N

CD

m

-C

CO

CM
1

a.
co

r^

vO

o

v_^

r-l

O

X

i—i

VO

o

w

to

CO

•U

>

^-^

c

•r-l

/*— s

3

3

00

O

cr

o

C_>

w

■X3
C
CO

m

o

1—1

0)

<t

CM

1— 1

rO

r— I

H

B

N— '

<3

3

y— V

H

s

o

CO

1—1

O"

vO

CD

1—1

c

v_^

c

/—N

CO

CM

x:

•

cj>

CM

o

CM

O

CO

w

co

i

>

Hi

S

M

Z O

U

3

o

C_> X

w

§

r-l
H

a

:.>

3

c

o

>

3

w

Pm

H

§

Ph

CO

O

W

W

H

S

<1

M

Q

H

oo co r-«. m m

co o co o- on

CO CM r-~ CM CM

00 <f CO H O

co m oo m co

i— i vo m r- co

oo r^ m cm co

co

r>. hs o <f r-~

co oo oo r-~ r^

co co cm ■— i On

O co on •— i -J-

i— I CO CT\ o CM

CM CM r-l i— ' r- 1

00 CM vO

r-^ r-i m oo cm

r-l CM r— I

-J- co in cm r^

on vo vD r- r— i

•— I CM r- 1

o on <f in m

O ^O r— I vO ■— I

CM CM CM

CM CO On O CM

st MA r-lin

in m r^ r— i oo

m CO r-l r-l <}■

CM CM r-r r-l r-l

co cm m vo on

r-l O ON O O

v£J <t i—l CM

in r— i r^ on r--
cm o m vD CO

CO CM — I

O sO CO CM ON

co co <r m co

oo r- co r^ vD
co >— i co CO vO

r— i m m cm o>
cm r-i cm co m

r-~ 00 CM in On
CO r— I CM CM vrj-

m CM CM !->• ON

co

r—l

m

CO

VO

CM

CO
CM

On

r—l

CM

cm m

00

\0

<f

CM

CO

ON

00

m

On <}■

r-l
CO

o

r—l
CO

vO

CM

r-l

1—1

CM

■—1 CO

r— 1
1

m

r—l

o

00
x—t

CM
CM

00

r—l

CM
1

ON

CM

r—l

1—1

1—1
1— 1

CO
r-H

m m

r-l CM

r^-

m

<t

r—i

ON

CO

CM

r-~

ON on

^o

y£>

ON

CM

o

<D

m

o

O r-l

o o v£> m co

CM CM CM O O

m vo m cm r—i

o o o o o

CO CM r-l r-l r-l

o o o o o

O N4 r-HO

CM <t CO CM 00

H In vO M sf

o o oo m on
CO co <J- cm r~»

<t m m >— i

o

m

O

o

O

r-l

CM

CO

>N

cfl

o

S

o

CM

<T

CM

r— co cm vd m

i— I r-H O O O

m co r-i i—i cm

o o o o o

i—l i—l O O r—l

o o o o o

r-- r^- cm O on

^D On m in r—l

<f- CO r-l r—l CM

CN O r-l r-l 00
<t ON <f <t ON

CO CM

o o m o o

r-l CM CO <f

co O

X co

co

<f CM

r-4 in co ^o in

VO ON vD ON CO

oo m r-~ oo r—i

CO CM CM 00 vC

<f cm <t in oo

CO CM r—l r-l r—l

r^ o oo r~~ in

r-l CM ON O O

CM r—l 1—1 i—l

O <f O CM CM

m oo oo co r^

1—1

r^ co vo vo <f

o vo in m \D

r-l

CO \D CM N \d

r- m <}■ <!■ m

i—i on m in in

r- <f co co m

oo on oo f^ vO

00 vD CO CO vO

O N <f N O

in co >— i r— i m

omnho

<}• CM •— I r-l <J-

cm m oo on co

CM -—I O O CM

on oo m <}■ o

o o o o o

CO CM r-l i—l r—i

o o o o o

r—l r—l i—l O O

o o o o o

<t sf CJ\ vC \D

O CO CM <J- 00

CO CM "—I rH r-l

<f o m m r-i

o m cm o o
■—I cm co -<f

co in
m o

200

co

w

jj
C

O

V-i

0)
■u

<u
E
CO

CO
O

•r-l
(-1

QJ

-C
CX
CO

•u
C

0)
t— I

CO

>

•r-l

cr
W

d
co

u

cu
,Q
B

CD

d
a

CO

ON

00

vO

CM

CM

C\!

en

m

\0

CO

CM

O CM

CO
n—'

w

co

1

>

H.i

^

M

Z o

3

^ r-l
O

C_> X

££

LATI
VOLU

SAMPLE
DEPTH

DATE
TIME

r -

S

o

CM

M

r--l

H

<

<:

s- \

H

o

CO

<f

oo n n n o

CM r- 1 CTs <f <t

cm cm o <f m

CO 00 CM •— I -— I

m n n ffln

<t CM v£> O m
r~» <t •<)- CM CM

r-^ m <J- co <$

m n n n m

<f ■— ' CM r-l r-l

O CO <f" 00 CO

co in o h> on
co cm

ro (O CO vO N

st CO ^ \D 00
CM H

H On CO N O

cti cm co m ^o

CO vO N vD O

o m<t \f *o

CM r-l

o co on en vo

r-~ \o m r-- co

vD in <t r-l CM

VD r-l o r-~ o

CM CM CM O -—I

r^ <r m cm r-i

o o o o o

CM r-l <)- r-1 O

o o o o o

r-~ oo O r-~ vo

CO CM rH r-l <t

vD C>> sf CM N

r-i \£> co r-~ r-»
on vd en on en
<j- cm en r-l

o co o m cr%

r-l H CM

N C\ CM r-l CM

oo i-* m i — m

m co vo ai<f

rH <f CM CM r-l

v£> vc> r--. r~- r-~

r-i o o co m
co r-^ -—I <t i—i

<t n >a r-- \D

co oo r-~- mo on

rH CO <t" CM

co cm m co r^

cm •—! o oo in

r-l CO CO r-l

<t oo oo o m

cm <t co m <f

r-l CM CM r- 1

^ co oo <t m

CM O CT\ <f -<f

i — I CM r— I i — I

n \o aiOn

co co on m <j-

o oo co ■— < co

CM

r^-

CM
CI

m

vO

ON

H

t— i

CM

o

CO

CM
CO

vO

r^-

vO

CM

CM

ON

o

m

CO

o

>£>

o

CO

ON

CM

r- 1

CO

<r

t— 1

r— 1

o
i—i

CO

T— 1

co

r-l

CO

1—1

CM

CO

ON

r--

m

O

<f

<J-

CM

i—l

<j-

ON

CO

CM

<t

X

m

m

r^-

00

CO

in \£) m r-- co

CM CM CO CO rH

oo on o co m

O O r-l r-l O

cm co m co r-i

o o o o o

i— I i— < CO r-l r— I

o o o o o

on oo co on m

on r-~ co co o
cm ^d m <t CM

<t ONst sfsf

on cm O r-^ on

i—l CM CO CM

O CO 00 CM <f

■—I CM

CO o
E o

CM

m o

CO O

2 o

CO

m o

201

OO

w

c

O
CJ>

!-i

i->
Q)
E
CO

CO
U

•r-l
^
CU

-d

a.
co

c

<D
i—l
CO
>

•r-l

cr
w

-o
d

CO

u

0)

E

a;
d
d
CO
.d
o

ON

CO

vO

m

CM

t=> M

o

CM

m

>£>

CO

o

CNl

co

v '

M

•O

>

H

1

l—l

2

O

<

O

I— I

J

u

X

l

>

1

£

H

3

P

3

o
>

3

K

P-i

H

^

Ph

<!

W

CO

a

u

w

H

S

<

»— i

Q

H

00 CT\ i— ' CM CO

<f LH rH CO IV

N CO rO ^O sf

csj m cm t— i i— i

00 O CT\ <f 00

CM 00 O O <J-
v!3 rv <J" CO CM

H <f lf| <f (M

ON i— I CO ~^> *•£>
CO <t CM r- I •— '

O CO CO 00 -<f

v£> \D lO O •— I

CM CM i— ' r- < <— <

v£> O i— I LP| CM

r- 1 CM <t 00 ON
CM CM •— I

00 00 CM CTs «-l

v£> r^ cm r^ rv

O <f UO VD OO

cr> o -<f o r^~

i-l CM H

ri cr\ CO ffi r^

CTv CM oo m o
CO <f CM ■— • ■— I

m o co *-< oo

m mroNsf

[ -

52

O

o

ro

o.

O O

CM

n

vD

r-i

s

o
t— 1

CT>

00

r^ <f

s- ~

H

o

CO

1 p

r— 1

CO

CT>

CM O

1 -<

m

m

ro

<f CM

t^ ^O O CO vO

i— I r-\ i— I i— < O

<f vO CM CO CM

o o o o o

*-* <t CM i— < f-l
O O O O O

CM 00 00 00 vD

n ^o o co <f

m 00 <f CM CM

O m On vO CM
<t 0O ^D i— I CO
CO CO CM CM ■— '

Cxi

i—l

<t

rv

m

t—l

r-l

i— i

CN

>>

3

O

o

u-i

o

N mO^D CO

co t-< m o vo

\D O ^ vO ^O
CM CO CM r- • r- I

i-l vO O vO O

CO sf ON CM I —

<f in <f co cm

CM ON O CO ON
i—l CM CM CTv m

co co co <— i «— <

rv m m vo cm

CM CO CO <f CM
CM CM CM i— I r-l

<} OM Hfv|

on oo on i— i i— i

m m in r^- vo

r-~ r-~ r^ O •— i

o cm oo •— < r-~
oo r- vo o o

oo o o ^o rv

co \£> m cm i— '

■— i CM CO •— ' ■— I

O K) r-l N CO

i— * cm rv oo oo

r^ On i— i r^ r~-
<j- vo co in o

CM CO in CM CO

00 O CM O O

O r— I i—l t—l r— I

CM <f CO CO CO

o o o o o

i—l r—l r—l CO O

o o o o o

co r- m vo co

m ^ c^ on co
<t m st eg cm

v£) — I O CM CO

o> in <t o on

•— < CM CO CM "—I

o m o *£> o

i-l i-l CM

CO O

JS ro

m

m o

202

APPENDIX

Bathythermograph Traces with Temperatures
in C and Depths in m

203

in

O.

-J

o

1 ■ i1

o,

to

UL

X
O

1

1 o
o o

1 T

1

o

o

1

t

o
o
m

l

1
o

o

"«■

1

o

[ -323

o

i

o

ITV

*

204

U">.

U

o

UJUTl

m

in-

Q

I

o
o

o
o

cs

I

1

o
o

I

I

o
o

o

CM

&^

k^

1»

205

If)

r^

u

o
ujin

LU

i/v

X

Q

1

1 o

o o

1 T

1

o
o

CM

t

1

o

o

1

1
O

o

1

o

DL

«,

o

CN
UJ

i

o

UJ

-

o,

UJ

UY

206

«A.

o

UJU*I

l/V

Q

I
O
O

I

o
o

I

1

o
o

I

I

o

o

m

O,

u

in

207

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Baker, R. E., The Comparison of Oceanic Parameters with Light
Attenuation in the Waters Between San Francisco Bay and Monterey
Bay, California, M.S. Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, 1970,
206 p.

2. Bader, Henri, "The Hyperbolic Distribution of Particle Sizes".
Journal of Geophysical Research 7 5 (15), 2822-2830, May 20, 1970.

3. Bolin, R. L. and Donald P. Abbot, "Studies on the Marine Climate
and Phytoplankton of the Central Coastal Area of California, 1954-
1960". California Cooperative Fisheries Investigations Progress
Report 9, 1 July 1960 to 30 June 1962. 1962.

4. Bolin, Rolf L. and collaborators. "Hydrographic Data from the Area
of the Monterey Submarine Canyon, 1951-1955". Final Report Hopkins
Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California.
July 30, 1964.

5. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations, Atlas
Number 1, CALCOFI Atlas of 10-Meter Temperatures and Salinities,
State of California, Department of Fish and Game, Marine Research
Committee, July 1963.

6. Clarke, George L. , Gifford C. Ewing, and Carl J. Lorenzen. "Spectra
of Backscattered Light from the Sea obtained from Aircraft as a
Measure of Chlorophyll Concentration". Science 167 (3921), 1119-1121,
February 20, 1970.

7. Duntley, Seibert Q., "Light in the Sea". Journal of the Optical
Society of America 53(2), 214-233, February 1963.

8. Gordon, Howard R. , Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences,
University of Miami, Miami, Florida. Personal communication.
August 4, 1970.

9. Jerlov, N. G. , Optical Oceanography, Elsevier Publishing Company,
Amsterdam, London, New York, 1968, 194 p.

10. Joseph, J., "Extinction Measurements to Indicate Distribution and
Transport of Water Masses". Proceedings of UNESCO Symposium on
Physical Oceanography, Tokyo, 59-7 5, 1955.

11. Labyak, P. S., An Oceanographic Survey of the Coastal Waters Between
San Francisco Bav and Monterey Bay, M.S. Thesis, Naval Postgraduate
School, 1969, 317 p.

12. Manheim, F. T. and R. H. Meade, "Suspended Matter in Surface Waters
of the Atlantic Continental Margin from Cape Cod to the Florida Keys".
Science 167 (3917), 371-376, January 23, 1970.

208

13. Margalef, R., "Some Concepts Relative to the Organization of Plankton"
Annual Review of Oceanography and Marine Biology, Harold Barnes
(Editor), Vol. 5, 257-289, 1967.

14. Pak, Hasong, George F. Beardsley, Jr., and Robert L. Smith, "An
Optical and Hydrographic Study of a Temperature Inversion off
Oregon during Upwelling". Journal of Geophysical Research 75 (3),
629-636, January 20, 1970.

15. Park, Kilho, June G. Pattullo, and Bruce Wyatt, "Chemical Properties
as Indicators of Upwelling Along the Oregon Coast". Limnology and
Oceanography 7 (3)', 435-437, July 1962.

16. Pytkowicz , Ricardo, "Oxygen Exchange Rates off the Oregon Coast".
Deep Sea Research 11 (3), 381-389, 1964.

17. Ramsey, Richard C., "Study of the Remote Measurement of Ocean Color,
Final Report". TRW Systems Group, Reporting Period 28 August 1967
to 28 January 1968. Contract No. NASW-1658. Prepared for NASA
Headquarters, Washington, D. C, January 26, 1968. 97 p.

18. Reid, Joseph L. , Jr., Gunnar I. Roden, and John Wyllie, "Studies of
the California Current System". California Cooperative Oceanic
Fisheries Investigations Progress Report, 1 July 1956 to 1 January
1958, 1958.

19. Ryther, J. H., "Photosynthesis and Fish Production in the Sea".
Science 166 (3901), 72-76, October 3, 1969.

20. Skogsberg, Tage , "Hydrography of Monterey Bay, California. Thermal
Conditions, 1929-1933". Transactions of the American Philosophical
Society , New Series, Vol. 29, December 1936.

21. Smith, R. L. , "Upwelling". Annual Review of Oceanography and Marine
Biology, Harold Barnes (Editor), Vol. 6, 11-46, 1968.

22. Stefansson, Unnsteinn and Francis A. Richards, "Distribution of
Dissolved Oxygen, Density and Nutrients off the Washington and
Oregon Coasts". Deep Sea Research 11 (3), 355-380, 1964.

23. Sverdrup, H. U. , Martin W. Johnson, and Richard H. Fleming, The
Oceans , Prentice Hall, Englewood, New Jersey, 1942. 1087 p.

24. Yentsch, Charles S. and Carol A. Reichert, "The Interrelationships
between Water Soluable Yellow Substances and Ch loroplastic Pigments
in Marine Algae". Bontanica Marina 3_ (1), 65-74, Cram de Gruyter
and Co., Hamburg, August 1961.

25. Yentsch, C. S. and R. F. Scagel, "Duirnal Study of Phytoplankton
Pigments an _in situ study in East Sound, Washington". Journal of
Marine Research 17, 567-583, 1958.

26. Yeske, A. W. and R. D. Waer , The Correlation of Oceanic Parameters
with Light Attenuation in Monterey Bay, California, M.S. Thesis,
Naval Postgraduate School, 1968. 144 p.

209

INITIAL DISTRIBUTION LIST

No. Copies

1. Defense Documentation Center 2
Cameron Station

Alexandria, Virginia 22314

2. Library, Code 0212 2
Naval Postgraduate School

Monterey, California 93940

3. Department of Oceanography . 3
Naval Postgraduate School

Monterey, California 93940

4. Officer in Charge 1
Fleet Numerical Weather Facility

Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

5. Commanding Officer and Director 1
Naval Undersea Research & Development Center

Attn: Code 2230

San Diego, California 92152

6. Director, Naval Research Laboratory 1
Attn: Tech. Services Info. Officer

Washington, D. C. 20390

7. Office of Naval Research 1
Department of the Navy

Washington, D. C. 20360

8. Department of Commerce, ESSA 2
Weather Bureau

Washington, D. C. 20235

9. Oceanographer of the Navy 1
The Madison Building

732 N. Washington Street
Alexandria, Virginia 22314

10. Commandant (PTP) 2
U. S. Coast Guard

Washington, D. C. 20226

11. Library 1
USCG Oceanographic Unit

Bldg. 159-E, Navy Yard Annex
Washington, D. C. 20390

210

12. Commandant (QMS)
U. S. Coast Guard
Washington, D. C. 20591

13. MST School

U. S, Coast Guard Training Center

Governors Island

New York, New York 10004

14. Department of Oceanography
U. S. Coast Guard Academy
New London, Connecticut 06320

15. Commander (oms.)

Eastern Area, U. S. Coast Guard

Governors Island

New York, New York 10004

16. Commander (oms)

Western Area, U. S. Coast Guard

630 Sansome Street

San Francisco, California 94126

17. Naval Oceanographic Office
Attn: Library
Washington, D. C. 20390

18. National Oceanographic Data Center
Washington, D. C. 20390

19. Mission Bay Research Foundation
7730 Herschel Avenue

La Jolla, California 92038

20. Director, Maury Center of Ocean Sciences
Naval Research Laboratory
Washington, D. C. 20390

21. Mr. Roswell W. Austin
Visibility Laboratory

Scripps Institution of Oceanography
La Jolla, California 92037

22. Mr. Thomas E. Bailey

Central Coastal Regional Water Quality Control Board

1108 Garden Street

San Luis Obispo, California 93401

23. Dr. George F. Beards ley
Department of Oceanography
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon 97331

211

24. Captain S. I. Bobczynski
Pacific Support Group
Naval Oceanographic Office
San Diego, California 92152

25. Dr. Wayne V. Burt
Department of Oceanography
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon 97331

26. Dr. Peyton Cunningham
Department of Physics
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

27. Mr. Fred H. Dierke

Regional Water Quality Control Board
364 Fourteenth Street
Oakland, California 94612

28. Dr. Siebert Q. Duntley
Visibility Laboratory

Scripps Institution of Oceanography
La Jolla, California 92037

29. Mr. George Eck

Naval Air Development Center

Johnsville, Warminster, Pennsylvania 18974

30. Mr. Gary Gilbert
Stanford Research Institute
Menlo Park, California 94025

31. Dr. Eugene C. Haderlie
Department of Oceanography
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

32. Dr. R. C. Honey

Stanford Research Institute
Menlo Park, California 94025

33. Professor Alexandre Ivanoff
Laboratoire d 'Oceanographie Physique

de la Faculte des Sciences de Paris

9, Quai Saint-Bernard

o
Paris (V ) , France

34. Dr. N. G. Jerlov

Institute for Physical Oceanography
Solvgade 83K
Copenhagen, K, Denmark

212

35. Mr. Kenneth V. Mackenzie

Ocean Sciences Department - Code D503

Naval Undersea Research & Development Center

San Diego Division

San Diego, California 92152

36. Dr. Robert E. Morrison
AE1

Office of Environmental Systems

ESSA

6010 Executive Blvd.

Rockville, Maryland 20852

37. Mr. Jerry Norton
Oceanography Department
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

38. Mr. Larry Ott

Naval Air Development Center

Johnsville, Warminster, Pennsylvania 18974

39. Mr. Robert Owen

U. S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries
La Jolla, California 92038

40. Dr. John H. Phillips
Hopkins Marine Station
Pacific Grove, California 93950

41. Mr. James Reese

Ocean Sciences Department - Code D503

Naval Undersea Research & Development Center

San Diego Division

San Diego, California 92152

42. Mr. Thomas J. Shoppie
Naval Air Development Center
Johnsville, Warminster, Pennsylvania 18974

43. Dr. Warren Thompson
Department of Oceanography
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

44. Dr. E. B. Thornton
Department of Oceanography
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

45. Mr. S. P. Tucker
Department of Oceanography
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

213

46. Mr. B. L. Kolitz
Department of Mathematics
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

47. Mr. John E. Tyler
Visibility Laboratory

Scripps Institution of Oceanography
La Jolla, California 92037

48. Mr. Lowell Van Billiard
Naval Ships Engineering Center
Prince Georges Center
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

49. Mr. Raymond Walsh

San Francisco Bay Delta Water Quality Control Program
Resources Building, Room 144
1416 Ninth Street
Sacramento, California 95814

50. LCDR Lanny A. Yeske

USS BAYA, Fleet Post Office
San Francisco, California 96601

51. LCDR Robert E. Baker

U. S. Fleet Weather Central
COMNAVMARIANAS
Fleet Post Office
San Francisco 96630

52. Dr. Paul Titterton

Sylvania Electronic Systems - Western Division

P. 0. Box 188

Mountain View, California 94040

53. Mr. R. J. Callaway
200 S. 35th Street
Corvallis, Oregon 97330

54. Mr. Alan Baldridge, Librarian
Hopkins Marine Station
Pacific Grove, California 93950

55. Mr. Ted Petzold
Visibility Laboratory

Scripps Institution of Oceanography
La Jolla, California 92037

56. Dr. Gary Griggs

Division of Natural Sciences - II
University of California, Santa Cruz
Santa Crux, California 95080

214

57. Director

Moss Landing Marine Laboratories
Moss Landing, California 95039

58. Mrs. Elsie F. DuPre

Oceanography Branch, Optical Sciences Division
Naval Research Laboratory
Washington, D. C.

59. Dr. Rudolph W. Preisendorfer
Department of Mathematics
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

60. Mr. W. J. Stachnik
Optical Systems

U. S. Navy Underwater Sound Laboratory

Fort Trumbull

New London, Connecticut 06320

61. Mr. Raymond N. Vranicar
Code AIR-370D

Naval Air Systems Command
Washington, D. C. 20360

62. Mr. Irvin H. Gatzke

Code AIR-370

Naval Air Systems Command

Washington, D. C. 20360

63. Dr. II. R. Gordon
Institute of Marine Sciences
University of Miami

10 Rickenbacher Causeway
Miami, Florida 33149

64. Dr. Robert W. Holmes
Marine Sciences Institute
University of California
Santa Barbara, California 93106

65. Dr. Robert Andrews
Department of Oceanography
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

66. Coastal Engineering Branch
Planning Division

U. S. Army Engineering Division, South Pacific

630 Sansome Street

San Francisco, California 94111

215

67. Professor Glenn H. Jung
Department of Oceanography
Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

68. LT Arthur B. Shepard

USCGC Burton Island WAGB-233

P.O. Box 20820

Long Beach, California 90801

216

Security Classification

DOCUMENT CONTROL DATA -R&D

■ Security clas si hcation ol title, bodv of abstract and indexing annotation mu.sf be entered when the overall report is classified)

1 ORIGINATING activity (Corporate author)

Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

Za. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

Unclassified

2b. GROUP

3 REPOR T TITLE

A Comparison of Oceanic Parameters During Upwelling off the Central
Coast of California

DESCRIPTIVE NOTES fTVpe ol report and.inclusive dates)

Master's Thesis; September 1970

5 AUTHORiSi (First name, middle initial, last name)

Arthur Bishop Shepard

6 REPORT DATE

September 1970

7«. TOTAL NO. OF PAGES

217

7b. NO OF REFS

26

8«. CONTRACT OR GRANT NO.

b. PROJEC T NO

9a. ORIGINATOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S)

9b. OTHER REPORT NOISI (Any other numbers that mr.y be assigned
this report)

10 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT

This document has been approved for public release and sale
its distribution is unlimited.

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

12. SPONSORING MILITARY ACTIVITY

Naval Postgraduate School
Monterey, California 93940

13 ABSTRACT

An examination of the region between Monterey Bay and San Francisco Bay,
California was conducted from 29 April to 5 May 1970 to study the effects of up-
welling on the Central Calif ornia, coastal region. Six parameters: temperature,
phosphate, beam transmission for light, chlorophyll a, Coulter particle size
distributions, and oxygen were observed at eighty-five stations from the surface to
100 m in the cruise area. The data gathered are presented in the form of horizontal
contours and profiles which indicate: (1) Almost the entire surface layer was satu-
rated with respect to oxygen. (2) There were four areas, at the northern and
southern ends of Monterey Bay, off Point Montara, and west of the entrance to San
Francisco Bay, which exhibited high values of chlorophyll a, oxygen, and particle
count, for correspondingly low phosphate values and low beam transmission. (3)
These productive areas are inshore, generally within 5-10 miles of the coast. (4) A
peak in the size distribution of particles was evident in the productive surface

layers, within the observable range of particle diameters (1.59 to 32.0 u) . (5)

Ug-at/1 P04

Plots of oxygen versus phosphate showed that similar slopes of about -3.1 _ — _ —

were observed for inshore and offshore regions. The inshore regions
exhibited higher phosphate values for a given value of oxygen which is probably a
result of upwelling. (6) There was a fair correlation between beam transmittance and
particle count. High values of beam transmittance were generally associated with low
total Coulter count, e.g., 90$/m and 6000 counts per 2 ml. Conversely, low values of
beam transmittance were associated with high particle counts, for example 5;-/m and
85,000 counts per 2 ml.

FORM

I MOV t!

;/n oioi

1473

807-681 1

(PAGE 1 )

Security Classification

217

A-31406

Xtvttrit\ ClH**ifu-otton

KIV WO R D *

beam transmission

central California coast

chlorophyll a_

Coulter counter

hydrological optics

light attenuation

light transmissivity

Monterey Bay, California

oceanographic survey

optical properties of sea water

oxygen in sea water

particulate matter

particle size distribution

phosphate

sound velocity

suspended material

temperature

turbidity

upwelling

LINK A

^&sasfeffi&

D .F°l"..1473 "»*«

0101 -807-8821

218

Security Clacsifictiion

A- 3 I 409

,IOCT '*

2

25

m1

123485

Shepard^nar\son of

during up^ of

tne central ^
Car»forn»a.

CT7 4

227 5 i*
2^

Thesis 123485

S4427 Shepard

c.i A comparison of
oceanic parameters
during upwell ing off
the central coast of
Cal ifornia.

thesS4427

A comparison of oceanic i

3 2768 001 95402 7

DUDLEY KNOX LIBRARY