Veen t= EER Ewe a iwcey se aerlabeelare Sem cS ares Ernst REAYT Lora y wba * ompara ave pace” of Ge Harvard HARVARD UNIVERSITY Ee LIBRARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MOLLUSKS IN THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY Gift of: RICHARD |. JOHNSON STARR RICHARD |. JOHNSON Fie C Akers Xe The 4 4, Ahern ~ Cucttin fo hey, own Pew HK Irdvan Ye tlushr - HARVARD U?lIvVERSITY oak TERR ATA Hy A ETI TOR DEPART 72 Oe SR oie Museum of Com--72'i-ve Cart aks RICHARD i LOUIS ESN RICHARD |. JOHNSON SONG EOLOG- LA GINDICA: ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE LAND AND FRESHWATER SHELLS aie Sarl le NG aie. EDITED BY SYLVANUS HANLEY, F.LS. WILLIAM THEOBALD, @EF THR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA. LONDON: L. REEVE & CO., 5 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1876. LONDON : PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE ‘ SF ahAmes Dates of Publication according to B. Brashad, 1927, Proc. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, (n. s.) vol. 22, No. 3 py 129, parts. 1-2, text. pp. 1-18 pls. 1-40 1870 i 3 i. "sees 41-60 1872 34 4 " poet | Maa | 61-80 — 1873 : 5-6). % WS mde! | H 81-120 1874 7 " O 4e2G6.) 8 121-140 1875 J 8 * po et ees Oc 141-160 1876 Preface to Systematic List, pp. l-xviii 1876 my CONCHOLOGIA INDICA; BEING ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE LAND AND FRESHWATER SHELLS BRITISH INDIA. EDITED BY SYLVANUS HANLEY, FE.L.S., WILLIAM THEOBALD, OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA. LONDON: b L. REEVE & CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. + 2 fz 1870. LONDON: SAVILL, EDWARDS AND CO., PRINTERS, CHANDOS STREET, COVENT GARDEN. Iasi, beste mld, Nor because it is complete, not because we could not render it much more complete, but because the stimulus given to collectors by our iconography has added such a multitude of species to the conchological fauna of British India as to render it impossible to keep pace with modern discoveries, is the reason that we have resolved to terminate a publica- tion whose anticipated limits have already been exceeded. We never either intended, or hoped, to publish an exhaustive work; our aim was merely to assemble in one book species which were dispersed in scores of other volumes. We have shown what has been done up to 1873, and thus facilitated the labours of those who may aspire to produce a more perfect conchology. It is something to have caused the delineation of types before they were lost, forgotten, or destroyed ; and the search for the actual specimens originally described by Benson, Pfeiffer, Hutton, Blanford, &c. has consumed both time and money. Our best thanks are due to Major Sankey (the executor of our late dear friend W. Benson), to Major Godwin-Austen, Major Hutton, the late Frederic Layard, and last, not least, to W. Blanford : their friendly aid has enabled us to rightly determine and illustrate many a puzzling species. The Editors regret that the figures of some of the more minute shells are not so well executed as they expected ; but lithography is scarcely compatible with sharp definition, and to correctly magnify such little objects strains the eyesight to an extent few artists will dare to venture. It is important to observe that the inclusion of a species in the systematic list which follows by no means indicates that the Editors recognise its distinctive merits ; their aim ly PREFACE. has been mere elucidation, and friendship forbids all criticism (however tacit) which can possibly be avoided. The list itself is not put forth as a scientific arrangement, but only as a convenient sequence. After an interval of two or three years it is hoped that materials for a Supplement (the malacological portion of which will be edited by Major Godwin-Austen) will be accumulated, and to further that design collectors are earnestly requested to forward spe- cimens to the English Editor, to the care of his publishers, Reeve and Co. a ae ' (Se es ee” cram tne Speci etd 3. Or LAND AND FRESHWATER SHELLS BRITISH INDIA. PLATE I. CYCLOPHORUS. C. flavilabris, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 6 1. . (1860), p. 193.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum., vol. 3, p. 68. Pegu. Utig 29 arnkkrthieucs. %. C. Theobaldianus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19 (1857).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 47 —Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cyclop. f. 41. i. , penasserim Valley; Moulmein; Thayet Myo, Birmah. C. Haughtoni, Theobald, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 27 (1859), p. 314. The Farm-caves, Moulmein, Tenasserim. . C. arthriticus, Theobald, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 33 (1864), p. 246. Hills near the river,Pegu. . C. Nilagiricus, Benson, Malak. Blitt. 1854, p. 83.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 52.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cycloph. f. 6.—C. Pirrieanus, Ptfeif. Proce. Zool. 1853. Nilgherries ; Khoondah Hills. . C. Pearsoni, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 8 (1857), p. 185.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 42: Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclos. f. 649.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cycloph. f. 10. _J.acot and Chaila, Khasia Hills; Assam. . C. pernobilis, has been considered identical with the Aurantiacus of Schumacher, but the figures of Chemnitz (1064, 5) suit better the shell delineated by Reeve (Cycl. f. 3), Gould, Boston Jour. Nat. His. 1844, p. 458, pl. 24, f. 11. Mergui; Tavoy. PLATE II. CYCLOPHORUS. 1. C. involvulus, Miiller, Hist. Verm. pt. 2, p. 84 (as Helix).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneumon. vol. 1, p. 59.— Reeve, ©. Icon. Cycloph. f. 1.— Turbo volvulus, Chemn. Conch. vol. 9, p. 1066. Ceylon. 2. C. zebrinus, Benson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1836), p. 855 as (Cyclostoma).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 71; Kust. ed. Chem. Cyclost. pl. 34, f 21, 22, 23.—Reeve, C. Icon. Cycloph. pl. 11, f. 46. - ‘yy Nanelai; Tenasserim. ‘ Was at first erroneously supposed to be the perdix of Sowerby. 3,4. C. expansus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. 1851, p. 242; Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 65; Kust. ed. Chem. Cyclos. pl. 39, f. 20, 21.—Reeve, C. Icon. Cycloph. f. 18. Tenasserim. 5, 6. C. foliaceus, Chemnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. 9, f. 1069, 1070 (as Turbo).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneumon. vol. 3, p. 60. Andamans. 7. ©. affinis, Theobald, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 27 (1859), p. 314. Moulmein. 8. C. polynema, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. 1854, p, 126; Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 46. Midnapore, &c. 9. C. pyrotrema, var. Benson. 2 1 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 0. C. pyrotrema, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 14, p. 112.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 45.— PLATE IV. Reeve, C. Icon. Cycloph. f. 13 CYCLOPHORUS AND ALLIED GENERA, 5 (Gh 5 Ait U3}, Sikrigalli, Pathargata, Behar, Rajmahal. 1. C. Bairdi, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. 1852, p. 144, pl. 13, f. 1: Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 91. Ceylon. 2. C. pinnulifer, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, According to Benson was erroneously supposed by him (Zool. Journ. vol. 5, p. 62) to be the true cnvol- vulus. PLATE III. CYCLOPHORUS. 1. C. balteatus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19 (1857, March): separate pamphlet, p. 7.— Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 45. Pegu. 2. C. arthritic, var. fulgurans, Theobald. 3. C. fulguratus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. 1852, p. 63; Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 80.—Reeve, C. Icon. Cycloph. f. 35. Between Thayet Myo and Rangoon. 4, C. Aurora, Benson, An. Nat. H. ser. 2, vol.8 (1851), p- 186 (as Cyclostoma A.)—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 51.—Reeve, C. Icon. Cycloph. f. 36.— Cyclostoma stenomphalum, var. Pf. in Kust. ed. Chemn. Cycl. pl. 50, f. 11-13. Darjiling, Sikkim-Himalaya. Pfeiffer’s original description of Himalayanus suits this shell better than it does the specimen figured by Mr. Reeve, as that species. 5. C. patens, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1862, p. 143.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 62. Thayet Myo, Prome, Henzada, Pegu. 6. C. Haughtoni, var. Theobald. 7. C. eryptomphalus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19 (1857), March.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p- 58.—Reeve, C. Icon. Cyclop. f. 37. Ava. 8, 9. C. Thwaitesii, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 127: Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 66.—Cyclop. annulatus, var. 'Thwaitesii, Reeve, C. Icon. Cyclop. pl. 18, f. 87. Ceylon. 10. C. deplanatus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. 1854, p. 301: Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 62.—C. annulatus, var. Reeve, C. Icon. Khoondah Mountains. vol. 19 (1857).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 41; Novit. vol. 1, pl. 37, f. 22, 23, 24.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cycloph. f. 103. Teria Ghat. . C. pheenotopicus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 8, p. 190, and ser. 2, vol. 10, p. 271.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 54; Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclost. pl. 50, f. 20, 21.—Reeve, C. Icon. Cyclop. f. 91. Darjiling, Sikkim Himalayah. . C. calyx, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 17, p- 228.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 56; Novit. vol. 1, pl. 37, f. 25, 26, 27.—Reeve, C. Icon. Cycloph. f. 104. Moulmein : Akoutong, near the Irawady, Birmah. 5. C. ezxloconus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 8, p. 189.—Pfeif. Mon, Pneum. vol. 2, p. 59: Chemn. ed. Kust. Cyclost. pl. 50, f. 9, 10.—Reeve, C. Icon. Cyclop. f. 89. Nilgherries. 6. Aulopoma Itieri, var. . Aulopoma Itieri, Guerin, Mag. Zool. 1847, p. 1 (as Cyclostoma).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum, vol. 1, p. 52. Ceylon. 8. Aulopoma Helicinum, Pfeiffer, Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 53 (as Turbo H. Chemn. vol. 9, f. 1067, 8). Ceylon. 9. Cyclotus semistriatus, Sowerby (as Cyclostoma), Proc. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 29: Thes. Conch. vol. 1, p. 91, pl. 23, f. 6—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum, vol. 1, p. 22.—Reeve, C. Icon. Cyclot. pl. 4, f. 16. Poonah, &c. This is the Cyclostoma fasciatum of Hutton (Journ. Asi. Soc. Bengal. vol. 3, p. 82). 10. Cyclotus sub discoideus, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. 2, p. 161*, pl. 31, B. f. 304, 305 (as Cyclos- toma).—Reeve, C. Icon. Cyclot. pl. 4, f. 21.—Pf. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 51.—Cyclostoma aratum, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1851, vol. 8—Cyclostoma rusticum, Pfeif. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851. Northern Circars. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 3 PLATE V. PTEROCYCLOS, INCLUDING SPIRACU- LUM AND RHIOSTOMA. 1. P. (Sp.) Mastersi, Blanford, MSS. Ww. Gh Shak Assam. The description will be found in the Zoological Pro- ceedings, or the Asiatic Journal. 2. P. bilabiatus, Benson, Zool. Journ. vol. 5.—Cy- clostoma b. Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. 1, p. 110, pl. 25, f. 81, 82.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 49.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Pter. pl. 3, f. 13. Salem in Madras: Behar. 3. P. parvus, Pearson (as Spiraculum p.) Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 2 (1833), p. 392.—Benson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1836), p. 357.— Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 48.—Reeve, C. Icon. Pter. pl. 3; 4. 1d: Khasia Hills: Assam. The painting of the Assam variety here figured is exactly that of the Cingalese P. Cumingii. 4. P. (Sp.) hispidus, Pearson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 2, 1833, p. 592, as Spiraculum.— Benson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836, p. 355, as Pt.—Cyclos. spiraculum, Sow. Thes. Con. vol. 1, p- 110, pl. 31, f. 270-272.—Steganotoma Prin- cepsii, Von dem Busch, in Philip. Abbild. N. Conch. vol. 1, p. 106, Cycl. pl. 1, f. 6. Khasia Hills. 5. P. Cingalensis, Benson, An. Nat Hist. ser. 2, vol. 11.— Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 29. Monahagalla, Ceylon. 6,7. P. insignis, Theobald, Jour. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, vol. 34, pt. 2: separate pamphl. p. 6. Shan States. 8. P. rupestris, Benson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng, vol. 1, 1832, p. 11, pl. 1, f 2.—Reeve, C. Icon. Pteroc. pl. 2, f. 8.—Steganotoma picta, Troschel, Wiegm. Archiv Naturges., vol. 3, 1837, p. 165, pl. 3, f£ 12, 13, and in Philippi, N. Conch. vol. 1, Cyclos. pl. 1, f. 5 (teste Pfeif.). Cuttack. 9. P. Feddeni, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, p. 93: Contr. pt. 5. Thayet Myo, Pegu. 10. P. (Rh.) Haughtoni, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5, p. 96, as Rhiostoma.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 39, as Rh,—P, H. Reeve, Cone. Icon. Pteroe. f. 30. Near Moulmein. PLATE VI. LEPTOPOMA, OTOPOMA, HELICINA, &c. 1. L. eybeus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1857, ser. 2, vol. 19.— Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 74: Novit. pi. 37, f. 28, 29, 80.—Reeve, C. Icon. Lept. f. 7. Nanelai. 2. L. semiclausum, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. 1854, p- 202; Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 70.—Reeve, C. Icon. Lept. f. 35. Ceylon. _ 5. L. halophilum, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 7, 1851, p. 265 (as Cyclostoma).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 118 (ditto)—Reeve, C. Icon. Lept. f. 49 (as Lept.). Point de Galle, and Colombo, Ceylon. 4. L. aspirans, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 17, p. 229.— Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 72.—Reeve, C. Icon. Lept. f. 18. Tenasserim, 5. Otopoma Hinduorum, Blanford, An. Nat. Hist. 1864, for O. clausum, Benson.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 122 (as Cyclotus). Kattiawar, Western India, 6. Otopoma Hinduorum, var. 7. Lagocheilus scissimargo, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 17, p. 228 (as Cyclop. ?).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 61 (as Cycloph. ?).—Reeve, C. Icon. Cycloph. f. 105—Blanf. An. Nat. 1864, June. Phie Than, Tenasserim. 8. Lagocheilus tomotrema, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1857, ser. 2, vol. 19, (as Cyclop. ?).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 50 (as Cycloph.).—Blanford, An. Nat. Hist. 1864, June. Teria Ghat, Khasia Hills. 9. Helicina Arakanensis, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, p. 85. Ramzi Island, coast of Aracan. 10. H. Andamanica, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 6, 1860, p. 194.—Sow. Thes. Conch. Helic. pl. 276. Andaman Islands. Pelle n 6. Pup. Blanfordi, CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE VII. (MEGALOMASTOMA, PUPINA, POMATIAS. Pee eet Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 17, 1856, p. 229.—Cyclostoma pollex, Gould, Proc. Boston Soc. N. H. vol. 6, 1856.—Hybo- cystis g. Pfeif. Mon. Pneum, vol. 3, p. 56.—Polli- caria g. Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 263, f. 5. Moulmein. ..M. funiculatum, Benson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol, 7, 1838, p. 217 (as Cyclostoma).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. i. p. 133 (ditto). Darjiling, Himalaya. x hr Rupaly. W. Nw, _M. sectilabrum, Gould, Boston, J. Nat. His. 1844, p. 459, pl. 24, f. 10 (as Cyclostoma).— Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 84 (ditto). Tavoy ; Yunglaw, Tenasserim. An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, . Pup. arula, Benson, vol. 17, p. 230.—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 265, f. 3.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 95. Birmah. . Pup. artata, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 17, p. 230—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 96.—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 265, f. 1. Birmah. Theobald, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1864, vol. 33, p. 247. Pegu. 7. Pup. imbricifera, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 17, p. 230.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum, vol. 2, p. 94.—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 265, f. 4, 5. Sylhet, and Teria Ghat. 8. Pom. Peguensis, Theobald, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1864, vol. 33, p. 348. Pegu. 9. Pom. Himalayze, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 3, 1859, p. 183.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 169.—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 259, f. 19, 20. Rungun: Darjiling. Le 10. ~l 10. . H. tubiferum, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2 . 8. Petiti, Gould, Boston J. Nat. Hist. vol. 4 . S. Sankeyi Pom. pleurophorus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859, ser. 3, vol. 3, p. 183 (previously as Bulimus, 1857). — Bulimus, p. Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 474. Teria Ghat; Khasia Hills. PLATE VIII. BOYSIA, HYPSELOSTOMA, AND STREPTAXIS. . B. Bensoni, Pfeiffer.—Tomogeres Boysii, Pfeif. Symb. pt. 3, p. 82.—Anostoma B. Pfeif. (as of Benson MSS. in Kust. ed. Chemn. Helix, pl. 101, f. 25 to 28. Chittore in Rajpootana, and Ajmere, Bengal. . H. Bensonianum, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soe. Beng. vol. 32, p. 326. Mya Leit Doung, 8. of Mandalay, Ava. vol. 17, p. 129 (as Tanystoma). Mya Leit Doung, S. of Mandalay, Ava. p- 456, pl. 24, f. 7.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1 p- 8.—Philip. Ab. N. Cone. vol. 2, Helix, pl. 8, fi Near Tavoy. . S. Birmanica, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, — p- 81.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 444. Pegu. . §. Andamanica, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 6, 1860, p. 192.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol, 5, p. 444. , Andaman Islands. = 4 Wan ~ Slt . enson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859. Near Moulmein. . S. Watsoni, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 29, p. 126.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 448. Koondah Hills; Nilgherries. . S. Theobaldi, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 449. Nanclai, Khasia Hills. Ss. Blanfordi, Theobald, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 33, 1864, p. 245. Aracan Hills, Pegu. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE IX. SPATHA, PSEUDODON, TRIGONODON, UNIO. 1. S. Soleniformis, Benson (as Anodon), Journ. Asi. Soc. Bengal, vol. 5 (1836, Nov.), p. 749. Cachar. If this shell is a true Mycetopus, its specific name must be changed, as D’Orbigny published his M. Sole- niformis in 1835 (Guerin’s Mag. Zool.): it closely approaches the M. (?) emarginatus of Lea. 2. P. inoseularis, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. vol. 1, p. 160 (as Anodon), 161.— Unio Vondembuschiana, Icon. Unio, 1. 518, badly (from this specimen). River Salwen, Birmah. Reeve, Conch. May possibly prove identical with the Margaritana Vondembuschiana (Lea, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soe. vol. 8, pl. 18, f. 39,) a supposed Javanese species. 3. T. crebristriatum, Anthony, Amer. Journ. Conc. vol. 1 (1865), pl. 18, f. 1 (as Monocondylea).— Unio ec. Reeve, Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 517. British Birmah. 4. P. Salwenianum, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. vol. J, p. 158, 160 (as Anodon and Pseudo- don): Otia, p. 193.—Unio S. Reeve, Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 513. Salwen River, Birmah. 5. T. crebristriatum, var. Anthony. The Monocondylea Peguensis of Anthony (Amer. Conch. Journ. vol. 1) seems a form of this rather variable species. 6. U. lamellatus, var. Lea. A peculiar winged form (like Wahlamatensis of Lea) from Mandelay. Judging from the examination of many hundred specimens of Indian Uniones, confirmed by long and peculiar study of thousands of North American Naiades, we are compelled to believe that the teeth and muscular impressions of each species are so liable to modification through age and casualties as scarcely to present any permanent defining character. Not but that they merit examination, as the vividly green variety of triembolus can instantly be discriminated from corru- gatus by its dentition. . According to our notions ceruleus, marginalis, favi- ao dens, corrugatus have been unnecessarily subdivided, and several species founded on diseased or eroded shells; but as our aim is to indicate the names which have been applied to the several forms, we shall pro- ceed to figure the more striking ones, never erasing a species from our lists without having traced it to its root by indisputable links. PLATE X. UNIO. 1. Unio olivarius, Lea, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soe. ser. 2, vol. 4 (Obs. on Unio, vol. 1, p. 113), pl. 16, f. 38.—Hanley, Recent Bivalve Sh. p. 195, pl. 22, f. 32.—Kuster, ed. Chem. Unio, pl. 82, f. 2. Rohilcund Streams. 2,4. U. macilentus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3 (1862), p. 187.—U. occatus, Lea, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. 1863 (Obs. on Unio, vol. 10), pl. 50, f. 304.—Reeve, C. Icon. Unio, f. 412. “ Bengal ;” Mandelay. The somewhat worn condition of the type (figure 2) prevented Lea from identifying the species. 3. U. radula, Benson, in Hanley’s Recent Bivalve Sh. p. 382, pl. 23, f. 41. Assam. Benson’s unique type (with part of the ferruginous coating removed), from which Mr. Hanley drew up his description, has been once more figured. 5. U. smaragdites, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862), p. 190. Burhampooter River, Assam. So rare a shell that the original types are the only examples known to us. 6. U. Bonneaudi, Eydoux and Souleyet, Guerin’s Mag. de Zool. 1838, pl. 119, f. 1. Bhama, Upper Birmah (Blanford). A very scarce shell, lent to us by Mr. Blantord, whose incomparable series of Indian Uniones was most liberally placed at our disposal. 7. U, pugio, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862), p. 198, Reeve, C. Icon. Unio, f. 516. Ava; Pegu (Theobald). A rare shell which cannot be confused with any other of the known Indian Uniones, PLATE XI. UNIO. 1. U. favidens, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862), p. 188, for Glean. Sci. Calcutta, vol. 1, pl. 7, f. 1 (without name).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 131. Sunderbund, Bengal. The species was not actually described until Septem- ber, 1862. 2. U. favidens, var. pinax.—U. pinax, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 5, vol. 10 (1862), p. 192. Gungun Stream, near Moradabad, Rohileund. Figured from the worn type lent by Mr. Benson. 5. U. favidens, var. plagiosoma.—U. plagiosoma, Benson, An, Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862), p- 191. River Cane, near Banda, Bundeleund. The beaks are eroded in the Bensonian type here figured. 4. U. Sikkimensis, Lea, Proc, Philad. 1859, p. 151; Obs. Unio, vol. 7, p. 69, pl. 39, f 181.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 400. Sikkim. This is in a better condition than Mr. Hanley’s original type of the species. 5. U. erispisuleatus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862), p. 198.—Reeve, Conch. Icon, Unio, f, 262. Tenasserim ; Pegu. 6. U. trirostris, Benson (not Reeve), in Hanley’s Phot. Conch. pt. 1 (1862), Moradabad. This well marked form was distributed by Mr. Benson as his U. trirostris (a name, like very many other of his manuscript species) never actually published by himself. The specimen delineated in the Photo- graphic Conchology had been previously sent to Dr. Lea, who regarded it as new to science. It may pos- sibly prove a mere variety of triembolus or favidens. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE XII. UNIO. 1. U. pachysoma, Benson, An. Nat. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862, Sept.): separate, p. 3. Berhampooter River, Assam. A much more solid and rare shell than the allied ceruleus. In England the only known specimens are in the collections of Benson and Hanley. The Calcutta specimen referred to by Benson is merely a ceruleus. 2. U. Gerbidoni, Eydoux and Souleyet, Guerin’s Mag. de Zool. 1858, pl. 118, f. 2. “ Coromandel.” Almost runs into c@rulews; in characteristic ex- amples, however, the anterior side is longer in propor- tion. It is not common. 3. U. exeruleus, Lea, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. vol. 4 (Obs. on U. vol. 1, p. 105) pl. 13, f. 25.—Hanley, Recent Bivalve Sh. p. 194, pl. 20, f. 49.— Reeve, C. Icon. Unio, f. 230. River Hooghly, &c. &e. 4, U. Gerbidoni, variety, Eyd. and Soul. 5. U. theea, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862, Sept.) : separate, p. 3. River Cane, near Banda, Bundelkund. Our drawing is taken from the unique example in Mr. Benson’s collection. The specimen seems scarcely mature, and bears some small resemblance to the young of one of the marginalis group. 6. U. leioma, Benson, An. Nat. Hist, ser. 5, vol. 10 (1862, Sept.), p. 192: separate, p. 9. Near Bombay. We have figured two shells, one the aged and eroded type of Benson, the other with the apical sculpture perfect. It approaches ceruleus, &c., very closely. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 7 PLATE XIII. HELIX: Section Plectopylis. 7 | H. achatina, Gray MSS. in Pfeif. Zeitsch. Mal. 10. 1845, p. 86: Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 406, and vol. 5, p- 395. Farm-caves, near Moulmein. . H. plectostoma, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1836), p. 351.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 415; vol. 5, p. 417. Darjiling, and Khasia Hills. 5) © . H. perarcta, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, p- 75 (as Plectop.): Cont. pt. 5, p. 11.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 397. Near Ava. . H. repereussa, Gould, Proc. Boston Soc. N. H. vol. 6, 1856, p. 11: Otia Conch. p. 219.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 396. Tavoy and Mergui, in Birmah. . H. pinacis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, 1859, April, p. 268.—Pfeif. Mon. Helie>vol. 5, p. 417. Sikkim (Rungun, and near Pankabari). . H. Karenorum, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, p. 73 (as Plectop.): Contr. Ind. Mal. pt. 5, p: 2: Pegu. . H. anguina, Gould, Journ. Boston Soc. Nat. His. vol. 2 (1847), p. 218. Manko, near Newville, Tavoy, Birmah. . H. leiophis, Benson, An. Nat. His. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 246 (as Plectop.)—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 396. Thayet Myo. . H. refuga, var. dextrorsa, Philippi, Ab. N. Conc. vol. 3, Hel. pl. 10, f. 4, as of Gould, Proce. Bost. Phie Than, Tenasserim. H. cyclaspis, Benson, An. Nat. 1859, ser. 3, vol. 3, p. 273 (for catinus, Benson, not Pfeiffer), p18. Inert hex 39% Near Moulmein, "Peresseriza. PLATE XIV. y L HELIX. Cecd, 1. He _Charpentieri, Pfeiffer, Proc, Zool. Soc. 1853, p- 127: Mon: Hel. vol. 4, p. 296.—Reeve, C. Icon. Hel. f. 1285. [, Ceylon.7, Y ' 2. H. Rivolii, Tdhates, Encyce. Méthod. Vers. vol. 2, p- 208: Fer. Hist. vol. 1, p. 7.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 297.—Reeve, C. Icon. Helix, pl. 185, f. 1284. » Ceylon. . H. erronea, Albers, in Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p- 259.—Reeve, C. Icon. Hel. f. 415.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 298. Ceylon. 4. H. gabata, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. and Journ. Bost, Soc. Nat. Hist. vol. 4, p. 154, pl. 24, f. 9.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 396: vol. 3, p. 253. } : Binnah. sen ta! Prune 5. H. capitium, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1848 (ser. 2, vol. 2), p. 160.—Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 3, p. 220.— Reeve, C. Icon. Hel. f. 749. Sicrigully, Behar, N. India. 6. H. hariola, Benson, An. Nat. H. ser. 2, vol. 18, p- 251.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 260, and vol. 5, p. 337: Novit. vol. 1. BTS. Breese. Drravedy ralley - tm aeaece (tes « 7. H. Merguiensis, Philippi, Zeitsch. Mal. 1846, p- 192.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 397.—Reeve, C. Icon. Helix. f. 1205. Mergui, Birmah. 8. H. bifoveata, Benson, An. Nat. ser. 2, vol. 18, p- 251.—Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 4, p. 296. Tenasserim. 9. H. delibrata (?), var. Benson.—Runs into Zo- roaster. 10. H. delibrata, Benson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836, vol. 5, 1836, p. 352.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 369.—H. procumbens, Gould, Boston Journ. Nat. Hist. vol. 4, p. 453, pl. 24, f 1.— Reeve, C. Icon. Hel. f. 435. Moulmein and Tavoy, Birmah, eo Gould’s procumbens is said to be identical with the earlier published delibrata, a species whose brief de- scription was certainly not suggestive of this shell. 8 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE XV. i Y np HELIX. 1. H. Phayrei, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1859, vol. 28, p. 310: Des. Burm. p. 2. Near the Irawady, between Prome and Ava. 2. H. pylaica, Benson, An. Nat. H. ser. 2, vol. 18, p. 249.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 164. Birmah. . H. Tickellii, Theobald, J. Asi, Soc. Beng. 1839, vol. 28, p. 310: Desc. Burm. p. 2.—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 5, p. 267. Near Moulmein. oo 4. H. Akoutongensis, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 28, 1859, p. 310: Desc. Burm. p. 2.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 408. Akoutong, Pegu, near the banks of the Ira- wady. 5. H. rotatoria, Theobald (as of Von dem Busch), J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1859, vol. 27, p. 317: Notes on distrib. Shells India, pt. 1. p. 5. Akoutong, Pegu. As some have doubted the identity of this with the Javanese species, it is merely delineated as the shell so termed by Indian collectors. — 6. H. tapeina, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5, 1836, p. 852.—An. Nat. Hist. vol. 9, p. 186.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 207; vol. 3, p. 204.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix. f. 750 (from Benson). E. frontier of Bengal. 7. H. Oldhami, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 3 (1859), p. 185.—Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 5, p. 410: Mal. Blit. 1859, p. 31. Birmah. 1g4l) 8. H. Huttoni, Pfeiffer, Symb. pt. 3:, Mon. Hel. vol. 1, p. 202 (for H. orbicula, Hutton, J. Asi. Soe. Beng. vol. 7, pt. 1, 1838, p. 217, not D’Orb.).— Reeve, C. Icon. Hel. f. 786. Simla and Mahass¢, Himalaya. 9. H. Atkinsoni, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1859, vol. 28, p. 309: Desc. Burm. p. 1,—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 177. Near Moulmein. 10. H. tapeina, Benson, var. Arakanensis. H. Arakanensis, Theobald, MSS. (no description), J. Asi. Soc. Beng. Aracan. PLATE XVI. HELIX. 1. H. bascauda, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859, ser. 3, vol. 3, p. 186.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 256. Teria Ghat, Khasia Hills. 2. H. gratulator, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, p- 72: Cont. Mal. pt. 5, p. 8.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 94. Trawady Valley, Pegu. oo . H. ecassidula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859, ser. 3, vol. 3, p. 186.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 75. Moulmein. 4. H. aspirans, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, p. 358, pl. 1, f. 12.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 81. Near Pykara, Nilgherries. Or . H. fastigiata, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 7, pt. 1, p. 217.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 40: Chemn. ed. Kuster, Helix. p. 141, f. 15, 16. Simla and Landour, Himalaya. 6. H. confinis, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, p: 71 (as Nanina): Cont. Mal. pt. 5, p. 7.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 83. Thayet Myo, confires-ofBiemeah. 7. H. polypleuris, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, p- 76: Cont. Mal. pt. 5 (1865), p. 12.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 186. Aracan Hills. A 8 atG ee eB Shepfes Fem Bt p. 258.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 64. Rungun Valley, near Darjiling. 9. H. Poongee, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1859, vol, 28, p. 8311: Desc. Burm. p. 2. Near Moulmein. 10. H. tertiana, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, _ p- 305, pl. 3, f. 11: Cont. Mal. pt. 2.—Pfeit. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 71. Pykara and Neddiwuttum, Nilgherries. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 9 PLATE XVII. ACHATINA: Section Electra. 1. A. nitens, Gray, An. Philos. 1825, p. 415: Spic. Zool. pl. 6, f 18. Ceylon. 2. A. inornata, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851: Monog. Helic. vol. 3, p. 490. Ceylon. 3. A. inornata, var. Pfeiffer 4. A. Ceylanica, Pfeiffer, Monog. Helic. vol. 2, p. 258 (not Reeve).—Philippi, Abbil. N. Con. vol. 2, p. 213, Ach. pl. 1, f. 5.— A. orophila, Benson, in Reeve, Conch. Icon. Ach. f. 105. Nilgherries. ~5. A. Theobaldi, Hanley, MSS. Near the Salwen. _ x Differs from A. Cassiaca, of which it has been con- sidered a variety, by its smoothness, more convex whorls, &e. y Flay DAS ~ 6. A. prelustris, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 462. —Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 6, p. 222. Orissa. 7. A. prelustris, var. Benson. 8. A. Chessoni, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 462.—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 6, p. 222. Mahabaleshwar Hills. 9. A. Tamulica, W. and H. Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, p. 362.—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 6, p. 232. Cullagoody, near Trichinopoly. 10. A. textilis, Blanford, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1866, p. 41.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 220. Anamullay Hills. PLATE XVIII. ACHATINA ; Section Electra. 1. A. serutillus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 463.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p: 227. Orissa; Nerbudda. 2. A. corrosula, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1856, p- 835; Monog. Helic. vol. 4, p. 412; Novit. vol. 1, jE PER ie By alo), Nilgherries. 3. A. Fairbankii, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. (1865, Jan.) p. 14.—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 6, p. 232. Mahabaleshwar Hills. |e A. hastula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 461,—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 6, p. 235. Darjiling. 5. A. pertenuis, Blanford, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1865, p. 79.—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 6, p. 237. Bassein, Pegu. ~ . A. pyramis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1860, p. 463.—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 6, p. 226. Khasia Hills. 7. A. Orobia, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 460,—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 6, p- 224. Darjiling. 8. A. Orobia, var. Benson. 9. A. lyrata, Blanford, MSS. (from type). 10. A. brevis, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p. 887: Monog. Helic. vol. 6, p. 227. Ahmednuggur. s : ' 10 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. “PLATE XIX. PLAT EH XX. SPIRAXIS AND BULIMUS. BULIMUS. “1. §. Haughtoni, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. (1863, 1. B. orbus, W. and H. Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Feb.).—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 6, p. 189. Bengal, 1861, p. 15, pl. 1, f. 14.—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 6, p. 150. Cuttygoody, near Trichinopoly. Port Blair, Andamans. —2. B. candelaris, Pfeiffer, Proce. Zool. Soc. 1846, p- 40: Monog. Helic. vol. 2, p. 427.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 408. 2. B. arcuatus, Hutton, in Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol, 2, p. 118.—Pfeif. Kust. ed. Chemn. Conch. Bul. pl. 17, f. 1, 2.—Reeve, Conch, Icon. Bul. f. 478. Takht i. Suliman, Cashmire. we NN. . & akht i. Suliman, Cashmir Mahass¢; Moke W. Itnwv dtc a 3. B. Kunawarensis, Hutton, in Reeve Conch. Icon. | 3, B. Smithei, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1865, Jan. Bul. pl. 62, f. 426.—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 3, p. 15.—Pfeiffer, Monog. Helic. vol. 4, p. 56. p. 349. Banks of Sutlej, Punjaub. Boneh Wo tent yes Identified from the type: the shape was incorrectly described. It has the general aspect of Nilagiricus. 4. B. pretermissus, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. | Beng. 1861, p. 361: Cont. Ind. Mal. pt. 2. 4. B. rufistrigatus, var. gracilis, Benson, in Reeve Conch. Icon. Bul. f. 570. Between the rivers Jumna and Sutlej, Punjaub. Orissa. A large var. which has the freckles of Mavortius. ; ~Xt ee Ata ut Con Oud) s . B. vibex ?, var., Hutton, in Pfeif, Mon. Helic. one: eee sould, Beston; Journ, N. H. | vol. 2, p. 118, and Reeve Conch. Icon. Bul. f. 299. vol. 4, p. 457, pl. 24, f. 3. Cu W. Himalaya. soon Tavoy. S Wirai be TJaniws. Df. WM Cgun « 6. B. Sindicus, Benson, in Reeve Conch. Icon. Bul. 6, 8. B. intermedius, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, f. 303.—An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p- 291: Monog. Helic. vol. 4, p. 886: Novit. | p- 464. ae ae Ceylon. 7. B. arcuatus, var. Hutton. 7. B. Sikkimensis, Benson, in Reeve Conch. Icon. Bul. f. 651 (fry only). 8. B. salsicola, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1857, April : Dariil; ses Himal separate, p. 1.— Pfeif. Monog. Helic. E 4, arjiling, Sikkim Himalaya. p. 423. Punjaub. 9. B. Sylheticus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 564. —Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 8, p. 822. 9. B. Fairbanki, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1857, Sylhet, E. a ee p- 159: Monog. Helic. vol. 4, p. 410. fig:y innards Ahmednuggur. 10. B. Theobaldianus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. (1857, April): separate, p. 3—Pfeif. Monog. Helic. | 10. B. punctatus, Anton, in Pfeif. Monog. Helic. vol. 4, p. 473. vol. 2, p. 212.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bul. f, 452. Yunglaw, Tenasserim. Bundelkund, and Southern India. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE XXI. BULIMUS. 1, B. Abyssinicus, Ruppell, in Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 110.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 296. Malwah, Central India. 2. B. Ceylanicus, Pfeiffer, Symbol. pt. 3, p. 83: Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 59.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim, pl. 43, f. 274. Ceylon. 3. B. trifasciatus, Bruguiere, Encycl. Méth. Vers, p- 817.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 58.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim, f. 237. Ceylon. The B. fuscoventris of Benson (An. Nat. Hist. vol. 18, p. 96), is this species in a younger stage. We assert this after careful examination of the type. 4, B. Moussonianus, Petit, Journ. Conch. 1851, vol. 5, p. 266, pl. 7, f. 4. Near Bombay. 5, 6. B. Sinensis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1851.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 320. Sheeoay Gheen, Pegu. 7. B. Jerdoni, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 297.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 335: Kust. ed, Chemn. Bulim. pl. 20, f. 11, 12. Deccan. 8. B. albizonatus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim. pl. 81, f. 604. Ceylon. 9. B. physalis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1857.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 386. Khoonda Ghat, Nilgherries. 10. B. rufopictus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856, p- 96.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 404. Ceylon. 11 PLATE XXIL BULIMUS. 1. B. Chion, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1856, p. 332 ; Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 463. Punjaub. A M%. B. vicarius) Blanford, J, Asis Soe:-Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p, 18, pl. 3, f. 15. Habiang in Garo Hills. 3. B. stalix, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863, May.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 61. Ceylon. 4. B. Estellus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1857.— Pfeif Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 462. Sinde. 5. B. domina, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1857.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 425. Cashmire. 6. B. Boysianus, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 575. Kemaon, W. Himalayah. 7. B. Pertica, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1857.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 462. Sinde. th a. vibex, var. Hutton and Benson. See plate 23, figure 2. 9. B. nivicola, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 496. iti Pass, W. Himalayah. af ss 10. B. insularis, Ehrenburg, Symbol. Phys. (as Pupa).—Bul. i. Pfeif. in Kust. ed. Chemn. Bulim. pl. 36, f. 26, 27, 28. B.pullus, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1834.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 476. Delhi, Bundelkund, &c. 12 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE XXIII. BULIMUS. 1. B. Agrensis, Kurr, Mal, Blit. vol 2, 1855, p. 107. —Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 463. Agra. 2. B. vibex, Hutton MSS. in Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 118; Kust. ed. Chemn. Bulim. pl. 17, f. 5, 6.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 299. Simla and Landour. . B. Nilagiricus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1846, p. 418; Mon. Helic. p. 119.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 291. North Khasi Hills: Nilgherries. isi) 4. B. gracilis, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 3, p. 84, 93.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 157.— Reeve, Conch, Icon. Bulim. f, 495. Bundelkund, and the plain provinces of Bengal, &e. Ceylon. Birmah, 5. B. Griffithi, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 302. Afghanistan. 6. B.eremita, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Bulim. pl. 78, f. 573. Bolan Pass, Afghanistan. 7. B. pretiosus, Cantor MSS. in Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim, f. 619. Mimosa bushes, banks of Jhelum, Chillianwalla. Closely allied to the last species. 8. B. speleeus, Hutton, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 18, pt. 2 (1849), p. 653. Bolan Pass, Afghanistan. Closely allied to the two preceding, and considered by Benson identical with his eremita. 9. B. ecenopictus, Hutton J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 3, p. 85, no. 9, and p. 93, and vol. 18, pt. 2, 1849, p- 654 (as Pupa).—Reeve, Conch, Icon. Bulim. f. 492.—-Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 349. Afghanistan, Ge. 1 U per Birmah. “Urte b He, 10. B. rufistrigatus, Benson, in Reeve’s Coych. Icon. Bulim. f. 570. Between the rivers Jumna and Sutlej. A somewhat doubtful species, which runs into pre- tiosus and eremita. PLATE XXIV. CLAUSILIA., 1. C. bacillum, Benson MSS. in Theobald’s Notes on Distribution, in J. Asi. Soc, Beng. Nanelai, Khasi Hills. » : No description appeared of this species, of which two specimens alone are known—the better, or type, of which is here delineated: the other is in the collection. Bensonian 2. C. insignis, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H., and Journ. Boston Soc. Nat Hist. vol. 4, p. 458, pl 24, f. 8, from which Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 423. Tavoy, Birmah. 3. C. insignis, var. gracilior, Pfeiffer (as of Gould), Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 589: Novit. Conch. vol. 1. Moulmein, Birmah. 4. C. cylindrica, Gray, MSS. in Pfeif. Symbol. and Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 428; vol. 3, p. 590; Kust. ed. Chemn. Claus. pl. 11, f. 12 to 16.—C. elegans, Hutton MSS. Landour. 5. C. bulbus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1865, May, p- 821.—Pfeif. Mon. Helie. vol. 6, p. 410. Near Moulmein, Birmah. 6. C. fusiformis, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, p. 80.—Pfeit. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 410. Aracan Hills. 7. C. loxostoma, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1836), p. 853.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 404. —C. Bengalensis, Yon dem Busch’s MSS. in Kust. ed. Chemn. Claus. pl. 2, f. 11—138, and Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 60. Teria Ghat. 8. C. Masoni, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 33 (1864), p. 246; separate pamphlet, p. 10. Near Tonghoo, in the mountains between Pegu and Martaban. 9, C. tuba, Hanley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868. Shan States (Theobald). At present of extreme rarity (Mus. Theobald and Hanley). 10. CG. Ios, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 10, p- 850.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 761. Darjiling. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE XXV. HELIX. See previous plates, xill. xiv. Xv. Xvi. 1. H. Chenui, var. Pfeiffer. See also plate 27, f. 4. This form exhibits a close approach to the next species. 2. H. basilessa, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. (1865), ser. 3, vol. 5, p. 11.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 244. Travancore. The worn example delineated (Benson’s), has no epidermis. A perfect example has subsequently been obtained, which will be figured in a later plate. 3. H. Saturnia, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. vol. 2, p. 99.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 250; vol. 4, p. 300. Tavoy. 4, H. ampulla, Benson, in Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix. f. 736.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 27. Nilgherries: Anamullay Hills. 5. H. eysis, Benson, in Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 92; vol. 4, p. 194.—H. cystis, Reeve, Conch, Icon. Helix, f. 737. Nilgherries. 6. H. retrorsa, Gould, Boston, J. Nat. Hist. vol. 4, pl. 24, f. 5.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic, vol. 1, p. 76. Bizmeh. Jena ssatiw - H.uwter 7. Sao. Pegi (dex hak). 7. H. basileus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1861, 1864.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 120.—H. Titanica, Pfeif. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1862, pl. 17, f. 3. Anamullay Hills, 8. India, PLATE XXVI. HELIX. ~ 1. H. oxytes, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836, vol. ih 3 14 5, p. 3—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. Joi—Reore, Conch,’ Icon. Helix, f. 734. Benet Khasi Mis... ASsam. 2,5. H. Pollux, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1859, vol. 27, p. 319: Notes Dist. pt. 2 (separate pamphlet), p. 7—Var. as Nanina P. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870 (vol. 39, pt. 2), p. 13. Near Teria Ghat: the var. from Nongkulong, &e., Khasi Hills. x Wong Alae : 13 3. H. Castor, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1859, vol, 27, p. 319; Notes, Dist. pt. 2, p. 7. eee Khasi Hills. 4, H. octhoplax, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1860, p- 190.—Pfeif. Oe Helic. vol. 5, p. 400. Ne Western Slop&, Khasi Hills ; Moyang in Khasi, and near Agaloo in North Cachar. 6. H. Cherraensis, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870 (vol. 39, pt. 2), p. 14, pl. 3, f. 8 (as Nanina). Cherra Punji, Khasi Hills. Very closely allied, if, indeed, distinct from H. Castor. 7. H. eycloplax, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. s. 2, vol. 10, p.384.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1156. —Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 181. Darjiling, Sikkim Himalayah, The keeled form (Benson’s) here delineated runs into oxytes, PLATE XXVII. HELIX, 1, 2. H. Gortloniz, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863 (s. 3, vol. 11), p. 87.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 402. Moulmein. |_8. H.interrupta, Benson. Zool. Journ. vol. 5, p. 461 ; Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 90.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 63; vol. 5, p. 122.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1159. Sicrigulli, Bahar, and near the river Jellinghy. =» « 4, H. Chenui, Pfeiffer, Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 438.— Reeve. Conch. Icon. Helic. f. 370. Ceylon. 5. H. labiata, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1845, p, 65: Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 73. Landour. 6. H. thyreus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 9 (1852), p. 405.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 251 ; vol. 4, p. 301.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. f. 735. S. India. Pfeiffer refers H. ryssolemna of Albers to this species. 7. H. Isabellina, Pfeif. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 52: Mon. Helix, vol. 4, p. 66.—Reeve. Conch. Icon. Helic. f. 1280. Ceylon. 14 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE XXVIII. HELIX. thanseh pl. oe ie may We iH iptioatala Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870 (vol. 39, pt. 2), p. 13, pl. 17, f. 7 (as Nanina), ( I, sedeertitts. Napa Mile, 728 ay fp. 2. H. Maderaspatana, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, b. IGy p. 67.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 63. Madras. The H. Pondicherriensis of Pfeiffer, and the H. Korekouke of Férussac are regarded by Pfeiffer as identical. 3. H. Haughtoni, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1865 (ser. 3, vol. 11.), p. 87.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p- 92. Andamans. 4. H. ceraria, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. s. 2. vol. 12, p. 91.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 67.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helic. f. 1291. Norton Plains, Ceylon. 5. H. proxima, Férussac, Hist. Moll. pl. 71, f. 5— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 377. Coimbatore, S. of Seringhapatam. 6. H. solata, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1848 (ser. 2, vol. 2), p. 159.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 67 ; vol. 4, p. 170.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 741. Nilgherries. According to Pfeiffer, Reeve’s Menkeana is a form of this species. 7. H. trochalia, Benson, An. Nat, 1861. p. 82.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 829. Port Blair, Andamans. 8. H. Orobia, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1848 (ser. 2, vol. 2), p. 158.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f 738. Himalayah, 9. H. ligulata, Férussac, Hist. Moll. pl. 31, f. 2.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 71.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 395. Bundelkund, Bengal. 10. H. eyelotrema, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863 (ser. 8, vol. 11), p. 88.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 128. Himalaza, Sumey San Myles he PLATE XXIX. HELIX. pa . H. bistrialis, Beck, Index Moll. p. 2.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 71 (as=diaphana, Lea, and exilis, Chemn).— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 483. Tranquebar. 2. H. Taprobanensis, Dohrn, Malak. Blit. vol. 6 (1859), p. 206.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 116. lon. Cezjon 3. H. Ceylanica, Pfeiffer, Zeits. Malak. 1850, p. 67; Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 71; Kust. ed. Chemn. Hel. pl. 127, f. 6, 7.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix. f. 1420. Ceylon. 4. H. eyix, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 382.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 236. Matelle, Ceylon. 5. H. Bombayana, Grateloup, Act. Lin. Soc. Bor- deaux, vol. 11, p. 406, pl. 1, f. 1.—Desh. in Férus. H. Moll. pl. 69, I. f 5.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1194, and 1457 (as Belangeri).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 41, and vol. 3, p. 76. Bombay. 6. H. og Deshayes, in Belang. Voy. Ind. Or. Zool. vol. 2, Mol. pl. 1, f. 1, 2,3: Encyce. Méth, Moll. vol. 3 p: 233,—Férus, Hist. Moll. vol. 1, p- 160, pl. 69, f 4.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p- 69 (not Reeve). Pondicherry, Malabar. 7. H. cestus, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1836), p. 853 (amended in An. Nat. Hist. 1848, ser. 2, vol. 2, p. 182).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f, 751.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 327. Bengal. 8, 9. H. Helferi, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 6, p. 191.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 366. Andamans. 10. H. tugurium, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 10, p. 848.—Reeve, Conch. Icon, Helix f. 1155.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 124. Darjiling. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 15 PLATE XXX. 7, 10. H. nuda, Pfeiffer, Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 18.— HELIX. Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 781. : Himalayah. ‘y 1. H. anceps, Gould, Boston, J. Nat. Hist. vol. 4, pl. 24, f. 6.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol 1, p. 80. 8, 9. H. politissima, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853, Birmah. p. 125: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 45.—Reeve, Conch. 2, 3. H. hyba, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 7 Icon. Helix, f. 1292. (1861), p. 83.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, Ceylon. p. 181. ——o Dahinkhoond, Sub-Himalayah, not far from the Sutlel, PLATE XXXII. C 4. H. hemiopta, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1eb3;, ser. 3, HELIX. vol. 11, p. 318. ; $ : 9 iNevdainunie: 1, 4. H. chloroplax, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 15 (1865), p. 14.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, 5, 6. H. palmaria, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, p- 80. vol. 13 (1864), p. 157.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, Near Simla, Himalayah. p- 575. Nundydroog, Mysore. 2, 3, H. Woodiana, Pfeiffer (not Lea), Proc. Zool. 7. H. Basseinensis, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. Soc. 1851: Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 88: Kuster ed. 1865, p. 70 (Nanina).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, Chemn. Helix, pl. 144, f. 7, 8.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. fbuamele p. 89. Helix, f. 600. 0) Near Basseinf Aracan. Ceylon. 8,9. H. anlopis, Benson, An, Nat. Hist. ser. 3, | 5 6, H. Neherensis, Benson, An, Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 11 (1863), p. 318.—Pfeif. Mon, Helic, vol. 5, vol. 13 (1864), p. 310.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 93. p- 164. Port Blair, Andamans. Neher, Mahabaleshwar, W. India. 10. H. propinqua, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p- 109.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 280. 7,10. H. planiuscula, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. Bombay. vol. 7, pt. 1 (1838), p. 218.—Pfeit. Mon. Helic. soe wea vol. 1, p. 60. Simla; Landour. BH XXXII. i aes ar 8, 9. H. moleeula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, HELIX. vol, 3 (1859), p. 389.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, 1,4. H. bombax, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, p. 69. : vol. 8 (1859), p. 186.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, Rangoon, Birmah. ; p. 151. 5 Moulmein. ra The striae are closer than can be represented in a lithograph: the mouth is not usually so broad. 2, 3. H. Hodgsoni, Blanford MSS. in Benson, An. CYCLOPHORUS. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 3 (1859), p. 267.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 110. PLATE XXXIII. See previous plates i. ii. ii1. iv. Pankabari; Darjiling. 1, 7. C. eximius, Mousson, Moll. Java, p. 53, pl. 7 5, 6. H. regulata, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, f. 1 (as Cyclostoma).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cyclop. vol. 5 (1860), p. 383.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic, vol. 5, f. 7.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 69: Kust. ed. p. 125. Chemn. Cyclost. pl. 33, f. 1, 2 (as Cyclost.). Kaluganga and Katukellekande, Ceylon. beh Ll. AS OM = Perea a 16 2. CG. Ceylanicus, Pfeiffer, in Kust. ed. Chemn. p. 171, pl. 29, f 1—8 (as Cyclostoma) : Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 70. — Cyclostoma Tndicum, Sowerby, Thes. Conch. vol. 2, pl. 31 3, f. 620.— Cycloph. Menkeanus, Reeve, Conch, Icon. Cyel. f. 42) a, 0. Ceylon. The figure 4 of C. Indicum in Belanger’s work suits this shell fairly, but neither 5 nor the description by Deshayes will agree. 3. C. Menkeanus, Philippi, Zeitsch. Malak. 1847, p. 123 (as Cyclostoma).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cycloph. f. 42, ¢, d—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 66: Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclost. p. 171, pl. 28, f. 6, 7, 8 (as Cyclostoma). Near Point de Galle, Ceylon. 4, C. aurantiacus, Schumacher, Essai, p. 196 (for Turbo volvulus, var. of Chemn. Conch. vol. 9, f. 1064), as Annularia a.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cycloph. f. 8.—Pfeif. in Kust. ed. Chemn, Cyclost. pl. 4, f. 8, 9 (as Cyclostoma). Moulmein Pagoda. 5, 6. C. Jerdoni, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1851 (ser. 2, vol. 8), p. 185 (as Cyclostoma).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 51: Kust. ed. Chemn, Cyclost. pl. 50, f. 1, 2, 3 (as Cyclostoma). Nilgherries : Ceylon. PLATE XXXIV. CYCLOPHORUS. 1. C. stenomphalus, Pfeiffer, Zeitschr. Malak. 1846, p- 44, and in Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclost. pl. 8, f. 5, 6 (not his var. pl. 50), as Cyclostoma; Mon. Pneum, vol. 1, p. 70 (not Reeve). S Kehersie Hits: Nilg tres Witetem. . 2,5. C. altivagus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 14 (1854), p. 411.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 57.—Reeve, Conch. Icon, Cycloph. f. 55. Mahabaleshwar Hills, S=—trdie The lower disk is devoid of either strie or ribs. 4. C. Himalayanus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851, p. 242 (as Cyclostoma): Mon, Pneum. vol. 1, p. 55: Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclost. pt. 2, p. 247 (not fig.) as Cyclostoma H.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cyclop. fe lAnvae Darjiling, Sikkim Himalayah. Approaches Aurora, but is broader (less so than CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. usual in the specimen delineated), is smoother below, and with a painting composed on the spire of dense angular brown lines. 5. C. Bensoni, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p- 158; Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 63.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cyclop. f. 38. Northern part of Khasiarf Hills; Assam. In the Annals of Natural History (1854, vol. 14, p- 414), this was considered by Mr. Benson a varietal form of C. Pearsoni! It seems so of Reeve’s. 6. C. altivagus, var. Benson.—Cyclostoma stenom- phalus, var. Pfeif. in Kust. Chemn. pl. 50, f. 11-13 (not pl. 8, f. 5). Bombay. 7. C. sublevigatus, Blanford, Proc. 1869, p. 446. Near Bhamo. The type was kindly lent us by Mr. Blanford. Zool. Soc. PLATE XXXV. ACHATINA: Section Electra. See previous plates, xvil. xviii. 1. A. facula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 466, for Perroteti, Reeve (not Pfeif.), Conch. Icon. Achat. f. 102.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 224. Nilgherries. The mouth is higher in proportion to its breadth than is here represented. 2. A. leptospira, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 15 (1865), p. 14.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 233. Soomeysur Hills. 3. A. amentum, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Achat. f. 82.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 499. Lower Bengal, and Nerbudda, 4, A. botellus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 465.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 226. Nilgherries. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 5, A. Vadalica, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1865, Jan. 6. A. obtusa, Blanford, Proc. p. 15.—Pfeif, Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 229. Wadalé, near Ahmednugeur. The increase of the body-whorl above the mouth, and the obliquity of the sutures, are inadequately represented. 6. A. Perroteti, Pfeiffer, Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 260; vol. 3, p. 494.—Glandina P. Philippi, Abbild. N. C. vol. 1, Glandina, pl. 1, f 12.—Var. A. Nilagirica, Benson MSS. in Reeve, Conch. Icon. (| Ach. f, 87. Nilgherries, 7. A. parabilis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. vol. 18 (1856), p. 266.—Pfeif. Mon, Helic, vol. p- 606. Ceylon. 8, 9. A. notigena, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. vol. 5 (1860), p. 462.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. p. 429. Mahabaleshwar Hills, and near Bombay. 10. A. Sarissa, Benson, An, Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 463.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol 6, p. 234. Lower Bengal. PLATE XXXVI. ACHATINA: Section Electra. i. A. cerassilabris, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1836), p. 355.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Achat. f. 81.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol, 2, p. 261; vol. 3, p- 493. Khasia Hills. 2. A. panetha, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 884.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 226. Ceylon. 3. A. Arthurii, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1864, March, p. 209.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 224. Mahabaleshwar Hills. 4, A. ecrassula, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Achat. f. 120.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 496. Darjiling. 5. A. Cassiaca, Benson, in Reeve, Conch. Icon. Achat. f. 86.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 499. Khasia Hills. / ( 17 Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 449. Bhamo, Upper Birmah, The sub-genus Bacillum is proposed by Mr. Theobald for this, the preceding, and other allied forms, - A. gemma, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Achat. f. 123 (and A. frumentum, ditto, f. 124).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 496. Lower Bengal, and Nerbudda. . A. tenuispira, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836, vol. 5, p. 853 (not vars. in An, Nat. Hist.) —Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 262? Khasia Hills: Darjiling. . A. Shiplayi; Pfeiffer, Mal. Blit. 1855, p. 169: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 612; Novit. vol. 1, pl. 22, f. 13, 14. Nilgherries. 10. A. filosa, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 39, pt. 2 (1870), p. 20, pl. 8, f. 18 (as Glessula, f.). Travancore. PLATE XXXVII. STENOTHYRA and BYTHINIA. . §. minima, Sowerby, in Mag. Nat. Hist. (Charles- worth’s series), vol. 1 (1837), p. 217, f. 22, b (as Nematura).— Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851 (as Nematura).—Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 17 (1856), p. 501. Western India. . S. Deltee, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1836), p- 78 (as Nematura); An. Nat. Hist. ser, 2, vol. 17 (1856), p. 499.—Sow. Mag. Nat. Hist. (Charles- worth’s series), vol. 1 (1837), p. 217 (as Nematura). River Hooghly, near Calcutta; also in a salt lake near Balliaghat. An. Nat. Hist. 2) . S. foveolata, Benson, ser. vol. 17, p. 497. Ganges, near Sikrigali, Delineated from the worn type, the only example known to us. 2 4. S. monilifera, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. vol. 17 (1856), p. 497. Mergui, Birmah. . inconspicua, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, 23. Ceylon. 5, 1 OQ, TC, EE ————— eS ee 18 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 7. B. lutea, Gray, Annals Phil. 1824, p. 277.— B. goniostoma, Hutton MSS.—Paludina pulchella, Kust. (not Bens.) ed. Chem. Palud. p. 30, pl. 6, lig, JG) Purneah. 8, 9. B. Nassa, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 34, pt. 2 (1865). Shan States. 10. B. Iravadica, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 446. Marshes near Mandelay, Birmah. PLATE XXXVIII. BYTHINIA. 1,4. B. Cerameopoma, Benson, Gleanings Sc. Caleui. vol. 2, p. 125 (mame for species in vol. 1, p. 563), as Paludina: J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 24 (1855), p. 151.—B. Ceranospatana, Frauenfeld, Verhandl. Zool. Bot. Wien. 1862, p. 1156. River Ken: Coosa River. 2, 3. B. Travancorica, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. 6 (1860). Near Quilon, Travancore. The minute spiral striole are characteristic. 5, 6. B. pulchella, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1886), p. 746. Sylhet. This is stated to be the Valvata no. 9 of Hutton in the third volume of the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 7, 10. B. stenothyroides, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p. 128. Ceylon; Nilgherries; Poonah; Madras; S. Arcot; Trichinopoli, &. 8, 9. B. orcula, Benson, MSS. in Frauenfeld, Verhandl. Zool. Bot. Wien. 1862, p. 1154. Purneah. PLATE XXXIX. PLANORBIS. 1, 2, 3. P. calathus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 5 (1850), p. 349. Near Moradabad; Kattiawar; Ceylon ; Cashmire. 4,5, 6. P. Trochoideus, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1836), p. 742 (Glean. Scien. Calcutta, vol. 1, pl. 8, f. ne An. Nat. Hist. ae, ser. 2, vol. 5, p. 852. a0 Meo ees 7, 8, 9. P. ecenosus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1850, p. 349. Near Moradabad: Ceylon. 10. P. exustus, Desh. Belang. Voy. Ind. Orient. Zool. p. 417, pl. 1, f. 11-13 (1884): ed. Lam, vol. 8, p. 392.—Miiller, Synopsis Test. p. 34. P. Indicus, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng.,vol. 5, (1836), p. 743. — Martens, Mal. ey vol, 14, De 212. (ai Universally diffused, Otho Miller (Verm. Ter. et. Fluv. pt. 2, p. 157), indicated this shell as the Coromandel form of corneus; hence probably the manuscript name of P. Coroman- delianus (Kuster, as of O. Fabricius). Chemnitz figured it (Conch. Cab. vol. 9, pl. 127, f. 116, 117), as the Indian variety of the same species, to which it was referred with doubt, also, by Hutton (J. Asi. Soc. vol. 3). A figure of it appeared in the Gleanings of Science (vol. 1, pl. 8, f. 6). PLATE XL. PLANORBIS. 1, 2, 8. P. Cantori, Benson, An. Nat, Hist. 1850, p-. 349. Barrakpore. 4, 5, 6. P. Sindicus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. (1850), p- 300. River Indus, Upper Sinde. Figured from the type, the only example known to us. 7, 8, 9. P. umbilicalis, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng, vol. 5 (1836), p. 741.—An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 5 (1850), p. 341.— Martens, Mal. Blit. vol. 14, p. 216. E. Bengal. . Inert /deel , 10. P. exustus, Deshayes.—See plate 39, f. 10. The species is often much flatter and larger than the specimen delineated, A form with a very contracted aperture was taken from tanks near Chanda, CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 1 PLATE XLI. UNIO. See previous plates, ix. to xi. 1. U. Layardi, Lea, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philadelph. 1859, p. 153 : Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. ser. 2, vol. 4 (and Obser. U. vol. 7), pl. 36, f 122.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 111. Ceylon. Weare unable to distinguish the exact line of de- marcation between this and Thwaitesii; in charac- teristic specimens, however, the front extremity is longer and more tapering. 2. U. involutus, Benson, in Hanley’s Recent Bi- valves, p. 385, pl. 23, f. 19.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 177. Assam. 3. U. favidens, var. chrysis, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862), p. 188. River Dojora at Kareily Ghat, near Bareilly. 4. U. Jenkinsianus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862), p. 185. River Berhampooter, Assam. The unique type here figured will probably be con- sidered an abnormal form of marginalis or Corrianus. 5, 6. U. Nuttallianus, Lea, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. ser. 2, vol. 3, p. 310, pl. 30, f. 25: Obser. U. vol. 6, p. 30, pl. 30, f. 25. Assam. 7. U. consobrinus, Lea, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. ser. 2, vol. 4 (and Obser. U. vol. 7), pl. 90, f 192. —Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862), p- 199. Cochin, Malabar. Only two specimens, both in the Bensonian collec- tion, are known tous, They approach marginalis, of which they may possibly prove a tumid variety, yet have a fibrous, not a satin-like, style of epktermis, a different shape, and a different disposition of colouring, the yellow band not being adjacent to the ventral edge. There is no appearance, moreover, of the two raised lines which adorn the umbonal slope near the beaks, which, unfortunately being eroded, do not exhibit any marked character. The front extremity is more pro- minent and rounded (not obliquely cut off below) than in the allied forms. According to Lea the original types came from China. PLATE XLII. UNIO. 1. U. Birmanus, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 450. Bhamo, Upper Birmah. 2. U. favidens, var. Deltw, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862), p. 188. River Jellinghy, Upper Gangetic Delta, Ben- gal. The radiation spoken of consists of almost imper- ceptible lines. A specimen from Tirhoot is of an uniform dark olivaceous hue. 3. U. foliaceus, Gould, Proc. Boston Soc. N. H. vol. 1, p. 141: Otia Conch. p. 191.—U. Peguensis, Anthony, American J. of Conch. vol. 1 (1865), p- 851, pl. 25, f. 2—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 519. : Tavoy, Birmah ; Pegu. Gould’s type (sent to Benson), is unmistakably the young of the adult Peguensis, 4,5, 6. marcens, Hanley, for U. favidens, var. mar- cens of Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862), p- 188. Berhampooter River, Assam. The absence of all corrugation is a most important characteristic feature. 7. U. marginalis, var. Anodontina.—U. Anodon- tinus, Kuster (not Lamarck), ed. Chemn. Conch. Unio, pl. 80, f. 5. River Godavery ; Nagpoor ; Sylhet. Although we have not fully traced the intervening links between this elongated form and the typical mar- ginalis, we cannot doubt its approximation to those specimens which have been supposed (perhaps erro- neously) to represent the U. bilineatus of Lea. Vir- ginia is the recorded, and probably the correct, locality of the Lamarckian U. Amodontoides, but the types are declared to be Indian, not American ; its dentition is said to be inconspicuous. In the specimen delineated the front teeth are short, strong, and very oblique; the nacre is of a rather pale salmon-colour. PLATE XLIII. UNIO. 1. U. Thwaitesii, Lea, Proc. Philad. Ac. N.S. vol. 1 (1859), p: 1525 J. Philad. s. 2; vol. 43) pli 37, f. 125.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 105. Ceylon. U. marginalis, Lamarck, Anim. s. Vert. ed. Desh. vol. 6, p. 544.—Hanley, Rec. Bivalves, p. 206, pl. 19, f. 53.—U. testudinarius, Spengler, Skriv. Nat. Selks, vol. 5, pt. 1, p. 65, and U. truncatus, p. 56 (fide Morch).—U. Grenlandicus (in Lea) from Schriter, Fluss. Conch. p. 181, pl. 9, f. 1. We describe the hinge of the typical form, which is but little modified in any of the varieties. In the right valve are two sloping anterior teeth, of which the upper and narrower arches more or less downwards, and the lower is strong and rather large; the single lateral one is strong, elongated, and bent at the end. In the left valve, besides the callus, there is one ante- rior and two lateral teeth, the latter scarcely divided The principal anterior scar is decidedly large in proportion until the second moiety, where they slant down. to its size in the allied species. After long examina- tion of many scores of examples of this most variable species from nearly every part of British India, we can only arrive at the conclusion that the forms usually designated in cabinets, bilineatus, lamellatus, Corrianus, &c., all run into each other. We do not assert, how- ever, that the shells intended by Lea are identical; for his figure of bilineatus looks like the young of some broadly-winged Siamese shell (of the Housei type), and his lamellatus is notable for a peculiarity of dentition. We have delineated some of the more striking forms. 2. U. marginalis, var. typica——U. marginalis, Bn- ceycl. Méth. Vers, pl. 247, f. 1. Moradabad: Pegu. The brief Lamarckian diagnosis is further defined by his reference, &c., and his figure. 3. U. marginalis, var. obesa. River Irawadi, Birmah. A giant form, which does not exhibit the ochraceous band, and is peculiarly swollen. var. lata, and the typical form. It comes between the The upper anterior tooth is almost linear; the lateral are not bent at the extremity, and the upper one in the left valve is scarcely developed. ~ CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 4. U. marginalis, var. Candaharica, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 17, pt. 1 (1849), p. 651. River Sutlej. The abnormal characters of shape and colouring are such that Hutton (its discoverer) suggested its possible distinctiveness. The nucleus very closely approaches U. theca, Benson; the adult cannot be separated from the form bilineatus. 5. U. marginalis, var. tricolor.—U. tricolor, Kuster. ed. Chemn. Unio, pl. 45, f. 1? A very beautifully painted shell, which is usually more or less compressed. PLATE XLIV. UNIO. 1. U. marginalis, var. cylindrica. 2. U. marginalis, var. zonata.—U. marginalis, Desh. Encycl. Méth. Vers, vol. 2, p. 587. Belgaum, Deccan. 3. U. marginalis, var. bilineata—U. bilineatus, Reeve (as of Lea), Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 365. Nearly all the varieties (especially the immature examples) exhibit two raised lines near the beaks on the umbonal slope. We are aware that Spengler intended to have indicated U. marginalis as U. testudinarius, but his Latin description is most utterly inadequate to define it; his delphinus, conus, and gibbosus (from the East Indies), must be ignored for a similar reason. The name Grenlandicus (the locality was subsequently corrected in the Hinleitung, vol. 2, p. 621, by Schréter himself ), would mislead. 4. U. marginalis, var. Corriana.—U. Corrianus, Lea, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. vol. 5, p. 177, pl. 9, f 25, from which Hanley, Rec. Bivalves, p. 207, pl. 21, f. 60. Near Calcutta, &e. This form, always more or less indented in the middle, is sometimes elongated cylindrical, sometimes com- pressed and oval-oblong. The cardinal callosity (rarely absent) is more or less developed, and the anterior or hinge teeth are almost horizontal, curve outward, and are either rather elongated, or if shorter, are rather prominently elevated. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 21 5, 6. U. ecorrugatus, var. levirostris—U. leviros- tris, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (1862), p. 191 (from types). } r . N * . r River Godavery; Pemgunga, &c. Benson's original examples were much worn at the beaks, hence the name. A perusal of Schriter’s de- scription of Mya corrugata, in his Fliissconchylien, shows that he was perfectly aware of the frequent absence of the characteristic corrugation. 7. U. lamellatus, Reeve (as of Lea, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. s. 2, vol. 6, and Obs. Un. vol. 2, p. 19, pl. 6, f. 16, from which Hanl. Rec. Biv. Shells, p- 194, pl. 21, f. 50), Conch. Icon, Unio, f. 511. Pegu. Closely allied to U. generosus. ‘The teeth, however, are peculiarly elongated. The form delineated is abnormally high; other examples since obtained are much narrower, and more like Lea’s figures. The long lamellar hinge-teeth referred to by Lea, are very manifest, but whether the species is distinct from gene- rosus may be doubted. Young examples are oliva- ceous yellow, changing to dark green on the very concave posterior slope. PLATE XLV. UNIO. 1. U. erispatus, Gould, Proc. Boston Soe. N. Hist. vol. 1, p. 141; Otia Conch. p. 191. Tavoy, Birmah. The specimen figured was sent to Benson by the American describer. 2 to 5. U. corrugatus, Miiller—Mya c. Miiller, Beschaft. Ges. Naturf. Berlin, vol. 4, p. 58, pl. 3, f. 7.—Chemn. Conch. Cab. vol. 6, p. 31, f. 22 (from which Kust. ed. Chemn. Unio, pl. 97, f. 3, 4).—Mawe, Lin. Conch. pl. 4, f. 3.—Not of Martini and Wood (as Mya) or Reeve (as Unio).— Mya spuria, Gmel. Syst. 3222, from Schroter, Hinleit. pl. 7, f. 5 (copied as U. concentricus, Valence. in Enc. Méth. pl. 249, f. 3). Near Madras; River Godavery; Nagpore ; Pemgunga, &e. &e. Authors have recognised very different shells as the fragile and pellucid Mya corrugata of Miiller (Verm. pt. 2, p. 214). His original description being utterly insufficient, had better be ignored; he defined the species, however, by his figure in the Berlin journal. We know of no adequate representations in the older works, hence Wood supposed it to be the very coarsely sculptured Cingalese (?) species, which we have called Tennentii, whilst Benson and others thought it favidens. The views of the exterior given by Chemnitz and Mawe are indefinite, the outlines of the interior (and the hinge in Mawe’s figure) suit the present species. The range of character from entire smoothness (except near the tips) to a coarse divaricate corrugation over the dorsal half of the surface, from tumidity to com- pression, from thinness to solidity, from olive green to ochraceous green, can only be rivalled by its diversity of contour; every link, however, has been most cau- tiously traced. We believe that the U. Nagporensis of Lea (Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. ser. 2, vol. 4, and Obs. U. vol. 7, p. 88, pl. 45, f. 150), will also prove a large variety, with worn beaks, of our form fig. 3, but dare not assert so positively. 2. Var. solida, from the River Godavery. 3. Var. Nagporensis. — ? U. Nagporensis, Lea, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. ser. 2, vol. 4 (Obs. Un. vol. 7, p. 88), pl. 45, f. 150. Nagpoor ; Pemgunga. The coincidence of locality and the general con- tour render it probable that Lea founded his spe- cies upon a worn aged example of this swollen form. 4. Var. fragilis. A thin ventricose form, which, we are assured, has been taken from the inside of fishes. 5. U. corrugatus. Typical form from Madras and Southern India. 6. U. Wynegungaensis, Lea, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Philad. vol. 8, p. 331 (Obs. Un. vol. 7, p. 89), pl. 45, f. 151.—Reeye, Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 539. River Wynegunga, &c. 22 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 7, 8, 9. U. Tennentii, Hanley, for Mya corrugata, Wood, General Conch. p. 108, pl. 24, f. 1, 2, 3. “* Ceylon.” Our locality is not well authenticated. The shell was found without name in the Bensonian collection, as from British India. 10. U. corbis, Benson, in Hanley’s Recent Bi- valves, p. 386, pl. 25, f. 43. Assam. So rare a shell, that we have only seen one perfect specimen, It is a solid little species. PLATE XLVI. UNIO. 1. U. scutum, Benson’s MSS. in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 510. Tenasserim River. 2. U. seobina, Benson, in Hanley’s Recent Bi- valves, p. 382, pl. 22, f. 40. Assam; Mysore ? The specimen delineated is the almost unique origi- nal type, cleared partially of the ferruginous coating with which it was invested. The Mysore specimens are too worn to be positively pronounced identical. 3. U. secobina? var. Benson. Belgaum, Deccan. A half link between scobina and occatus. 4. U. generosus, Gould, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. H. vol. 2, p. 220; Otia Conch. p. 201. The shell here delineated was sent by Gould to Benson as typical; the alated form referred by us to lamellatus (pl. 9) belongs to it. Except for its dentition, this shell might be referred to the large Birmese form of marginalis, or even to the Cingalese Thwaitesii. Its affinities, on the other hand, incline closely to the U. lamellatus of Lea. The peculiar hinder surface, which Gould terms subcostated, results from a close superficial concentric sulcation. 3, 6. U. Bonneaudi, var. Eydoux and Souleyet.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 515. Pecu. The sculpture is scarcely so strong in the smooth variety delineated as in another of our figures, and the shading here obscures the radiating sulci in front. 7. U. generosus, Gould, var. angustior. Pegu. PLATE XLVII. CYCLOPHORUS and AULOPOMA. See previous plates i. ii. iii, iv. xxxili. xxxiv. 1, 2. A. grande, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1855, p- 104: Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 39: Novit. Conch. vol. 1, pl. 19, f.°11 to 13. i Ceylon. 3, 4. A. Hoffmeisteri, Troschel, Zeitsch. Malak. 1847, p. 43. Ceylon. The description referred to is only in German, and very brief. 5, 6. C. hispidulus, Blanford, Jour. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 32 (1863), p. 821 ; Cont. Ind. Mal. pt. 4, p. 3. Mya Leit Doung, near Ava. The spiral hispid ridges of the umbilicus are not adequately rendered in our lithograph. 7. C. exul, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 14 (1854), p. 412.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum, vol. 2, p. 46.— re. Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cyclop. f. 53. YN ¥ Bhamoury, at the foot of the Rohillano- Himalayahs. The delicate shell here depicted is unique. 8. C. ecratera, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 18 (Aug. 1856).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 55. Ceylon. Possibly a form of the annulatus of Troschel. 9. C. eytopoma, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 5 (1860), p. 885.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p- 72. Ceylon. Scarcely differs from the previous species, except in fragility and the want of a double lip. 10. C. tryblium, Benson, var. conica. xvii. f. 1. See plate The typical form is delineated in our next plate; that here represented is remarkable for its narrow umbilicus and its elevated spire. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 23 PLATE XLVIII. CYCLOPHORUS. 1. C. tryblium, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 14 (1854), p. 413.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p- 45. Darjiling; Sikkim Himalayah. : Newton 2. C. affinis, Theobald. See pl. 2, f. 7. 1 ee The peculiarity of lip referred to by the author was simply accidental. The individual here represented, which reminds one of a dwarf carinated Siamensis, is almost the only one known to us, the supposed second example alluded to having proved to be distinct. 3. C. Indicus, Pfeiffer (as of Deshayes), Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 77 (from Cuming’s collection) ; Kuster, ed. Chemn. Cyclos. pl. 33, f. 3, 4 (as Cyclostoma). Isle of Elephanta, near Bombay. It may be doubted whether this can be the Cyclo- stoma Indicum of Deshayes in Belanger’s Voyage (Zool. Moll. pl. 1, f. 4, 5), the lower face of which does not suit any example we have seen. 4. C. Malayanus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 10 (1852), p. 269 (as Cyclostoma).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 42.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cycloph. f. 2. Shan States. The previously recorded locality was Pulo Penang. The Cyclostoma volvulus of Souleyet (Voy. Bonite, Moll. pl. 50, f. 18-21) is considered by Pfeiffer to be identical. 5. C. Pearsoni, Benson. See plate 1, f. 6. We have figured Benson’s type, which displays no traces of that articulated keel which forms so pro- minent a feature in the next species. 6. C. Haughtoni, Theobald. See plate 1, f. 3, and plate 3, f. 6. A characteristic form. In our previous figures the articulation was inadequately represented, few, if any, traces of it having been visible upon the portion de- lineated, though freely developed upon the opposite side. 7. C. Siamensis, Sowerby, Thesaur. Conch. vol. 1, p- 158*, pl. 31, f. 392, 5 (as Cyclostoma).— Benson, An. Nat. H. ser. 2, vol. 19.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cycloph. f. 19.—Pf. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 56. E Si and Teria Ghat. Khas as K PLATE XLIX. PTEROCYCLOS, including SPIRACULUM, and RHIOSTOMA. See previous plate v. 1,2. P. (Sp.) Fairbanki, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. -Beng. 1869, p. 185, and Cont. Ind. Mal. pt. 10 = (as Spiraculum). Pulney Hills, S. India. 3,4. P. (Sp.) Andersoni, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1869, p. 447 (as Spiraculum). Near Bhamo, Upper Birmah. 5,6. P. nanus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 8 (1851), p. 450.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Pter. f. 12. Nilgherries. 7, 8. P. Cumingi, Pfeif. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p- 158 ; Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 29.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Pter. f. 14. Ceylon. 9,10. P. (Sp.) Gordoni, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863, May (as Opisth.).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 36 (as Pt.)—Theob. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 399, pl. 18, f 6. Sittomeg, near Tonghu nce Moulwtein, Birmah. PLATE L. HELIX. 1, 2. H. mammillaris, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, p. 69, and Cont. Mal. pt. 5 (as Nanina).— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 88. Akoutong, Pegu. 3, 4. H. Helicifera, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1866, p. 34, and Cont. Mal. pt. 5 (as Nanina). Aracan Hills, near Prome. 5. H. acuducta, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 5 (1850), p. 214.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 739.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 78; vol. 4, p- 67. Nilgherries. —————————— ee ae yep or a LS 24 “~~ CONCHOLO 6. H. Travancorica, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. (1865), ser. 3, vol. 15, p. 18.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 151. Hills of Travancore. Lithography cannot adequately represent the rasp- like decussation of the sculpture of this species. The whorls are concave above the very sharp keel. 7. H. serrula, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1836).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 206. Rent Nhasd Milly. 3,9. H. Austeni, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870 (vol. 39, pt. 2), p. 15, pl. 3, f. 10, and Cont. Ind. Mal. pt. 11 (as Nanina). Habiang, YX Garo Hills. 10. H. crassicostata, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1848 (ser. 2, vol. 1), p. 159.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 747. Southern India. PLATE LI. HELIX: Section Zonites, 1. H. choinix, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1861 (ser. 3, vol. 7), p. 183,—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 117. Andaman Isles. 2. H. acerra, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 3 (1859).—Pfeif. Mon. Helie. vol. 5, p. 100. Mergui, Tenasserim. 5. H. pedina, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 15 (1865), p. 15.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 100. Near Bombay, and Ahmednugger. 4. H.resplendens, Philippi, Zeits. Malak. 1846, p. 192.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 56; vol. 5, p- 100.—H. expolita, Desh. teste Pfeif. Birmah. 5, 6. H. rubellocincta, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 14, pl. 8, f. 9, aud Cont. Ind. Mal. pt. XJ (as Nanina). Habiang ff Garo Hills, beyortthe southern | ARLE fAfths Sth ln Mil Yon bee Bh yn afr 1 A A A, srt ois IS, Ine unter tin AHe AB | ie, ae he ch py Ket. MV. “ay AOl, hike IA INDICA. 4eve.¢? fie uci x Nihal (tera ee Vaute $ flO: &. eplendens, Hatton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 7, pt. 1, p. 215 (as Nanina).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 73; vol. 4, p. 124. Yeon) ures _Mahasse, iaoes M6 -itinanya, 7% Ky a2 Nii, 8,9. H. lubrica, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 10 (1852), p. 349.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p- 44.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1153. €. Himalayah. PLATE LU. HELIX. 1. H. Nicobarica, Beck, Index Moll. Crist. Fred. Ap. p. 5 (as Nanina).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p- 40.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1157. Cuddapah. This rare shell was figured by Chemnitz (vol. 9, f, 911, 912), as a sinistral Nicobar form of H. pomatia- 2,5. H. textrina, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 17 (1856), p. 252.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p- 58; Novit. vol. 1, pl. 36, f. 5 to 7—Martens, Ostas. Zool. vol. 2, p. 71 (as Nanina). Tongoop Hills, Aracan; Birmah. 9 H. monticola, Hutton, Jour. Asi. Soe. Beng. . vol. 7, pt. 1, p. 215 (as Nanina).—Pfeif. Mon. Helie. vol. 1, p. 180 (not vol. 5, p. 197). Huttu and Mahassu, Himalayah. 4. H. basilessa, Benson. See plate xxv. f. 2. 6. H. albizonata (var.), Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1858, p. 133; Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 90. "Prichess(Benares}; Ceylon. 7. H. Juliana (var. Reevei), Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 58 (as Nanina).—Reeve, Conch. Icon, Helis, £. 873.- (Wan. i sy pss Ceylon. A very beautiful form, but not much like that originally described, As other varieties will be figured, no synonymy is here appended. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE LIII. HELIX. 1. H. similaris, Férussac, Hist. Moll. pl. 25, B. f. 1~4.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic, vol. 1, p. 336.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 767.—H. Woodiana, Lea, and translucens, King, teste Pfeif. Pegu. 2. H. similaris (var.) Férussac.—Allied te belus and Peguensis. 3, 4. H. scenoma, var. Benson. . H. secenoma, Bensen, An. Nat. Hist. 1863 Ba) 3, vol. 11), p. 319.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 331. Near Moulmein. 6. H. pilidion, Benson, An. Nat. H. 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 6), p. 191.—Pfeif. Men. Helic. vol. 5, p. 847. Pegu. Y. H. bolus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 18 (1856), p. 252.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 251. Thyet Mio. S. H. hemiopta, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863 (s. 3, vel. 11), p. 318. See also pl. xxx. f. 4. Andaman Isles. 9. H. sealpturita, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 3, vol. 3), p. 391.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p- 349. Ava. 10. H. coriaria (var.), Pfeiffer, Zeits. Malak. 1847, p. 145.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 417. Ceylon. Australian specimens cannot be distinguished from the shell here delineated. PLATE LIV. HELIX. 1, 2. H. Cingalensis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863 (ser. 3, vol. 5), p. 185,—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p- 93.—H. Emiliana, Reeve (not Pfeif.), Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 608. Matelle, Ceylon. 8. H. hyphasma, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853, p- 124; Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 40.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1297. Ceylon. 4. H. cacuminifera, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1850, ser. 2, vol. 5, p. 214.—Pfeif. Mon, Helic. vol. 4, p- 86.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 744. Nilgherries. 5. H. apicata, Blanford (as Nanina, section Trocho- morpha), J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870 (vol. 39, pt. 2). p- 16, pl. 3, f. 13; Cont. Ind. Mal. pt. 11, p. 16. Nilgherries in Southern India, at Coonoor, Neddiwuttom, &c. 6. H. acris, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 ae 3, vol. 3), p. 8387.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 333. Teria Ghat; Khasia Hills. 2 7. H. galea, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 3, vol, 3), p. 388.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 264. Teria Ghat ; Bee 8. H. arx, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 3 vol. 3), p. 184.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 90. Therabuin Hills, Tenasserim Valley. 9. H.infula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1848 (ser. 2, 25 vol. 2), p. 160 (changed from turbiniformis, Getext.. 1A S PB. nde f edet=Ess).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 783. Rajmahal Hills. 10. H. falcata, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1570, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 15, pl. 3, f. 11, and Cont. Ind. Mal. p. 15 (as Nanina). Habiang jan Garo Hills}. beyond Southern boundaries of Assani— PLATE LV. HELIX. 1. H. Guerini, Pfeiffer, Revue Zool. Soc. Cuv. 1542, p. 304; Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 118.—Philip. Abbild. N. Conch. vol. 1, pl. 3, f. 6. Nilgherries. = Ruson. orn hener) ‘1a 7 f. 26 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. N . H. eamura, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 3, vol. 3) p. 269.—Pfeif. Malak. Blit. 1859, p. 23; Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 180. Rungun valley near Darjiling. H. artificiosa, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 18 (1856), p. 249.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 178: Novit. vol. 1, pl. 36, f. 8, 9, 10. Avacan. PK ate Ah Teuzrser es 4, 5. H. climacterica, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836, p. 852 (amended in An, Nat. Hist. 1848, ser. 2, vol. 2), p. 163.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f, 742.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 170; Kuster Chemn. Helix, pl. 141, f 9, 10. Teria Ghat, Aracan Hills. An imperforated species, with the whorls, which are flattened above, somewhat scalariform. 6, 7. H. Nilagirica, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1845, p- 180: Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 369.—Reeve, Conch. Tcon. Helix, f. 450. Nilgherries. 8, 9. H. contracta, Hutton MSS. in Benson An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 12 (1864), p. 137.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 365. Malwa. 10. H. Indica, Pfeiffer, Symb. Helic. pt. 3, p. 66: Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 80.—Reeve, Conch, Icon. Helix, f. 448. Nilgherries. PLATE LVI. HELIX. 1. H. pansa, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 18 (1856), p. 252.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 28. Akoutong, Birmah. 2, 3. H. ecatostoma, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 447 (as section Trachia). Ponsee in Yunan. 4, H. subdecussata, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p. 107; Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 28. Bombay. 5, 6. H. Koondaensis, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 16 (and Cont. Ind. Mal. pt. 11), pl. 3, f. 12 (as Nanina). Sispara in Koonda Hills. 7. H. Baconi, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1850 (ser. 2, vol. 6), p. 251.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 5; Kuster. Chemn. Helix, pl. 141, f 11, 12.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1166. Banks of Gungun, near Moradabad. The unique type here delineated is decidedly imma- ture, and closely approaches subdecussata and Layardi. 8, 9. H. Layardi, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851; Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 55.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 614. Ceylon. 10. H. Emiliana, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852; Mon. Helic. vol. 8, p. 55; Kust. ed. Chemn. Helix, pl. 158, f. 33 to 38,—Not Reeve. Ceylon. PLATE LVI. HELIX. 1, 2, 3. H. anax, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1865 (ser. 3, vol. 14).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 399. Hills of Travancore. The sculpture is close and obliquely concentric. There is a second more deeply-seated parietal lamella below the upcurving one, which the position selected by our artist did not enable him to exhibit. 4,5, 6. H. odontophora, Benson, An. Nat, Hist. 1865 (ser. 3, vol. 14), Feb. p. 175. From mountains 4500 feet high, Bandarewella and Bibiligamua, Ceylon, Four remote palatal lamella can be descried from the exterior. ie / 8,9. H. achatina, Gray. See plate xiii. f. 1. 7,10. H. brachyplecta, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863, ser. 3, vol. 6, p. 319. Banks of the River Attaran, near Moulmein. 5 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 26 PLATE LVIII. HELIX. 1. H. semidecussata, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851, p. 252; Kust. ed. Chemn. Helix, pl. 145, f. 8, 9.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 567. Ceylon. Essentially identical with the Mauritian species. 2. H. semidecussata, Benson, var. solida. Ceylon. The solid and abnormal form here delineated has lost its epidermis, and almost unites semidecussata and Rosamonda. gg» 3. H. Laidlayana, Benson, ®,. Nat. Hist. ser.2" vol. 18 (1856), p. 253.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 31.—H. parietalis, Martens, Mal. Blit. 1864, p: 167, teste Pf. _ Bensal. Cirssa) 4, 5. H. Laidlayana, Benson, var. Cuttack (fig. 4). 6. H. Peguensis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 6), p. 192.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p- 346. Sheeoay Gheen, Pegu. 7,8. H. uter, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1859 (vol. 28, p. 309): Desc. Birm. p. 1 (separate pamphl. ).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 127. Near Moulmein. PLATE LIX. HELIX. 1,2. H. vitellina, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, p- 109: Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 72; Kust. ed. Chemn. pl. 122, f. 22, 23.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 390. Nilgherries, 3. H. Tranquebarica, Fabricius, in Beck’s Index (name only) and in Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1 p- 41.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f, 394. Tranquebar. , 4. H. semirugata, Beck, Index Moll. Crist. Fred. p- 42 (name only), for H. globulus of Chemnitz, vol. 9, f. 1159, 1160, not of Miiller—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 40; Kust. ed Chemn. Helix, pl. 3, f. 1112.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, p. 391. | Bengal. | 5, 6. H. Rosamonda, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 5), p. 581.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, 1} tht Pittewelle, Ceylon. 7,8. H. Theodori, Philippi, Zeitsch. Malak. 1846, p- 191.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 70: Kuster ed. Chem. Helix, pl. 110, f. 1, 2, 8.—Reeve, Conch. Teon. Helix, f. 1188. Birmah. PLATE LX. HELIX. 1, 2, 3. H. Blanfordi, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1859 (vol. 28), p. 83¢ Desc. Birm. p. 4 (separate [nd pamphlet).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 249. Near Darjiling. Very near H. cycloplax. 4. H. ornatissima, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser 3, vol. 3), p. 269.—Pteif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 118. Pankabari, near Darjiling. 5. H. capessens, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856 (ser. 2, vol. 18), p. 250.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 194: Novit. vol. 1, pl. 36, f. 17 to 20. Moulmein, Birmah. 6. H. bidenticulata, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1852 (ser. 2, vol. 9), p. 405.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1184.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 165. Nilgherries. 7. H. crinigera, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1850 (ser. 2, vol. 5), p. 214.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 746.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 112; vol. 4, p. 110. Tiledod WiUs ~ 8, H. diplodon, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 3, vol. 3), p. 187.—Pfeif. Malak. Bliit. 1859, p- 13; Mon. Helic.-vol. 5, p. 256. Teria Ghat. ~ Pea, we 9, 10. We found this Helix in Benson’s collection as H. Ingrami of Blanford, but know not whether it has been published. Aracan Hills. ~ pp ue PLATE LXI. HELIX. 1. H. rimicola, Benson, An. Nat. Hist., 1859 (s. 3, vol. 3), p. 266.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic., vol. 5, p. 71. Near Landour, in W. Himalayah: a variety from Rungun, near Darjiling. | 2, 3. H. bullula, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng., vol. 7, | pt. 1 (1838), p.2.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic., vol. 1, p. 86. —Not Reeve. Landour; Simla. vol. 7, pt. 1 (1838), p. 217.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic., 28 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE LXIII. HELIX. 1, 2, 83. H. sequax, Benson, An. Nat. Hist., 1859, April (ser. 3, vol. 5), p. 270.—Pfeif. Mon, Helic., vol. 5, p. 118. Darjiling; Rungun. 4, 5, 6. H. vesicula, Benson (as Nanina), J. Asi. Soc., Beng., 1838, vol. 7, p. 216.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic., vol. 1, p. 48; vol. 3, p. 47; Kust. ed. Chemn. Helix, pl. 129, f. 21, 22.—Not Reeve. : ili . Asi. Soe. ; Sotee Durga, ang Rajmahal. 2 ; 4, 5, 6. H. humilis, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng., 4 (ly 0 ga, and : j poe Aas vol. 1, p. 106; vol. 8, p. 83.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. | Helix, f. 825. Simla. 7, 8, 9. H. nana, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng., vol. 7, | pt. 1 (1838), p. 218.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic., vol. 1, p- dl. Simla. 10. H. phyllophila, Benson, An. Nat. Hist., 1863 (s. 8, vol. 11), p. 320.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic., vol. 5, p. 87. Ceylon. PLATE LXII. HELIX. (8b 1, 2, 3. H. exul, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc., Beng., 06% (vol. 33), p. 245. Andamans. 4, 5, 6. H. stephus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist., 1861 (ser. 3, vol. 7), p. 84.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic., vol. 5, p- 105. Port Blair, Andamans, 7, 8, 9. H. aspides, Benson, An. Nat. Hist., 1863 (ser. 3, vol. 3), p. 520.—Pfeif. Mon, Helic., vol. 5, pe wo Birmah; Andamans ? 10. H. radicicola, Benson, An. Nat. Hist., 1859 (s. 2, vol. 2), p. 161.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic., vol. 3, p. 219; Kust. ed. Chemn. Helix., pl. 141, f. 13, 14.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 753. Himalaya. Teck, OE lecythis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist., 1860, #~ p- 246.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic., vol. 3, p. 47.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1164. Pa he vig Rajmahal Hills. [Thane - Pfr Vo! tin p -4y. | 10. H. glauea, Benson, in Pfeif. Symb. Helic., pt. 3, p- 65 (as Nanina); Mon. Helic., vol. 1, p. 48.— Philip. Ab. N. Conch., vol. 3 Helix, pl. 10, f. 8.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 771. Almorah, Bescel PLATE LXIV. HELIX: Section Zonites. 1, 2, 3. H. subjecta, Benson, An. Nat. Hist., 1852, p- 407.—Pfeit. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 48.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1165. Rajmahal Hills. \ 4,5. H. todarum, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, p. 352, pl. 2, f. 1. Near Pykara and Neddiwuttom, Nilgherries. 6,7. H. hypoleuca, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, p. 67, and Cont. Mal. Ind., pt. 5, p. 3 (as Nanina).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic., vol. 5, p. 104. Akoutong, Pegu. 8, 9, 10. H. nebulosa, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng., 1865, p. 66, and Cont, Mal. Ind., pt. 5, p. 2 (as Nanina). Akoutong, Pegu. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. y7 PLATE LXV. . / ) ‘ #. 1,4. M. Bensoni, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1848, p. 107: Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 497.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Vit. f. 9. , Howrah, near Calcutta. GiRASIA. 2, 3. ¥. Peguensis, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 33 (1864), p. 244: separate pamphlet, p. 8. Near Pegu. N. 5, 6. #* prestans, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. vol. 1 (1843), p. 140; Boston J. Nat. H. vol. 4, p. 456, pl. 24, f. 2.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 497.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Vit. f. 12. Tavoy. Foxe, Drarta bare lear + ; . Our figure 6 is scarcely round enough. LAr ‘ fr. 7,10. W. succinea, Reeve, C. Icon. Vitr. f. 8, for »_V. planospira, Benson (not Pfeiffer), An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 3 (1859), p. 271, from which Pfeif. - Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 14. be A Pankabari; Rangoon; Khasia Hills. ae Saas y Salius, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 3 (1859), p. 189.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 799. Khasia Hills. Our figure, from the position selected by the artist, does not seem deep enough on the body-whorl. PLATE LXVI. anna Nef)’ : Absrenia Lbcarcomn - 1, 4. %#& scutella, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 3 (1859, March) ¢Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p- 798.—Reeve, C. I¢on. Vitr. f. 13 (from Benson’s specimen). Teria Ghat; Khasia Hills; Cashmire (var). AUSTEMIA - eas pe) re MIA Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5, (1836), p. 350.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 496. | —Reeve, Conch. Icon. Vit. f. 3. | nh TTA GCherra, above Teria Ghat. Oh 5, eMS he ei Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1856, p. 324: Mon.’ Helic. vol. 4, p. 790; Novit. vol. 1, pl. 28, f. 1 to 3.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. "geinde? tila Sty ted Ar Sutly. 29 DURGELLA 7, 10. %*. Christiane, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 33 (1864), p. 245: separate pamphlet, p. 9. Andaman Isles. PATNADVIP/A- (1899) 8, 9. 4. irradians, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 156: Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 3.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Vit. f. 5. Ceylon. PLATE LXVIU. SUCCINEA. 1, 4. S. Indica, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1849, p. 133: Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 8. Bheemtal. 2, 5. S. semiserica, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. H. (1846), vol. 2, p. 100.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p- 10. Tavoy, Birmah. 5, 6. S. Girnarica, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1859, vol. 28, p.309: Desc. Burm. Hel. p. 5.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 792. Girnar Hills, Gujerat. Katie, « 7. S. daucina, Pfeif. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 298: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 810. Calcutta. 8 S. plicata, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, pt. 2, (vol. 34), p. 80: Cont. Mal. Ind. pt. 5. Tongoop, Aracan; Pegu (var.). 9. S. Bensoni, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1849, p. 1353: Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 9. Moradabad. 10. S. rutilans, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 23, pl. 3, f. 23. Cherra Punji. PLATE LXVIII. SUCCINEA. 1, 4. S. Baconi, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 298: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 804. Calcutta. 2,3. S. vitrea, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 298 : Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 810. Calcutta. Ss 30 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. ~ “S 5, 6. S. erassiuscula, Benson’s Mss. in Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 9. Bundelkhund: Punjaub. 7. S. acuminata, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p- 449. Momein in Yunan. 8, 9. S. collina, Blanford, Mss. Mahabaleshwar. 10. S. collina, var. PLATE LXIX. LIMN AA. 1, 4. L. rufescens, Gray, in Sowerby’s Genera Shells, pt. 7, Limn. f. 2, and Reeve, Conch. System. pl. 191, f. 2.—L. chlamys, Benson, in part. Ganges, &c., &e. The name is infelicitous, because the reddish tint is rather abnormal than otherwise: it has however a long priority of date. Hereafter links may be discovered to unite the species with the still earlier-named acu- minata. We suspect that eventually all the Indian forms (those of the Germanic region excepted) will be referred to acuminata, luteola, and ovalis. 2, 3. L. rufescens, var. patula. Ganges. Apparently the L. patula of Troschelin Wiegmann’s Archives for 1837 (vol. 3, p. 167). 5, 6. L. chlamys, Benson, Journ, Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836, vol. 5, p. 744. Moradabad, Benares, &c. Runs into rufescens, which was apparently co- extensive as a Bensonian species, Yet as the links have not been obtained by us, this extreme form (from Benson’s collection) may for convenience sake retain his appellation. 7, 10. L. amygdalus, Troschel, Wiegm. Archiv. 1837, vol. 38, p. 168.—Kuster, ed. Chemn. Lim. p. 35, pi 6, fi 15, 16. Ganges. Perhaps only a variety of rufescens, but the sutural line is not so oblique, and the colour differs, 8, 9. L. acuminata, Lamarck, Anim. s. Vert. vol. 6, pt. 2, p. 160.—Deles. Rec. Coq. Lam. pl. 30, f. 6. 30 miles S.H. of Hingola, &e. Lamarck’s Bengal specimens were probably rufescens, but the shape of the individual delineated from. his cabinet accords better with that which we have figured. ~ PLATE LXX. LIMN AA, 1. L. rufescens, Gray, var. Some regard this abnormal form asthe L. pectinoides of Kuster’s monograph. 2, 3. L. ovalis, Gray, in Sow. Gen. Shells, pt. 7, Limn. f. 4, Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 191, f. 4. Caleutta; Almorah. 4, L. ovalis, Gray, var. strigata. Jounpore. Has the aspect of L. cerasum of Troschel. 5, 6. L. luteola, Lamarck, Anim. s. Vert. vol. 6, pt. 2, p. 160.—Deles. Rec. Coq. Lam, pl. 30, f. 5. Bengal, &e., &e. This and rufescens seem diffused throughout India 7,10. L. pinguis, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1858, p. 134. Ceylon. 8. L. pinguis, Dohrn, var. Calcutta. Benson’s types of his L. bulla (misprinted butta), a mere name for the almost undescribed L. limosa? of Hutton (J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 8, 1834) chiefly belong to this form. The L. bulla of Kuster (ed. Chemn.) is more like the European ovata (peregra var. ovata). Our specimen almost unites pinguis with luteola. 9. L, rufescens, Gray, var. Sylhetica. Marshes in Sylhet. A rare form delineated from Benson’s original type of the Sylhet variety of his chlamys. PLATE LXXI. MELANIA. 1. M. Iravadica, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 445. . : Upper Irawady*at Malé and Bhamo. ~ 2, 3. M. Broti, Dohrn, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Mel. f. 160.—M. chocolatum, Brot, Revue Zool. 1860, June, pl. 16, f. 2. Ceylon. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 31 4, M. zonata, Benson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836, vol. 5, p. 747.—Philippi, Ab. N. Conch. vol. 1, Mel. pl. 1, f. 12.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Mel. f. 217. Sylhet. 5, 6. M. Hugeli, Philippi, Ab. N. Conch. vol. 1, p- 61, Mel. pl. 2, f. 8—M. siphonata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Melan. f. 143. Khasia Hills ; Mysore. —— 7. M. lineata, Gray, Index Test, Sup. (1828), Helix, f. 68.—Trosch. in Wiegm. Arch, Nat. 1837, p- 176.— M. lirata, Benson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836, vol. 5, p. 782, name only for nameless fig. D in Glean. Sci. Calcut. vol. 1 (1829).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Mel. f. 170. . River Goomty ; Tenasserim, &c. Tete SN 8, 9. M. terebra, Benson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836, vol. 5, p. 747.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Mel. f. 9—M. torquata, Busch. in Philippi Ab. N. Conch. vol. 1, Mel. pl. 1, f. 18. Sylhet. 10. M. Riqueti, Grateloup, Trans. Lin. Bordeaux, vol. 11, pl. 5, f. 28. Quilon, Travancore ; Cochin. According to Brot, the tornatella of Reeve, supposed by him to be identical, is not this species: his 6 is the veritable tornatella of Lea; his @ seems the sculpta of Souleyet (Zool. Bonite), a near ally. PLATE LXXII. MELANTIA, — 1, 2. M. gloriosa, Anthony, Americ. J. of Conch. vol. 1 (1865), pt. 3, p. 207, pl. 18, f. 2. Bassein district, Pegu. 3. We had proposed the name of Goliah for this magnificent species, but as it is evidently identical with some smaller specimens which may possibly (?) prove the humerosa of Gould, or the infrapicta of Martens (so termed in Cuming’s collection), we defer the naming of it until the next part of our publication. nde me fs } j fs ~- 4. M. confusa, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1858. Ceylon. Closely allied to the Tirouri of Quoy, and the erosa of (“ Lesson ”) Philippi. 5. M. Herculea, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. H. 1846, vol. 2, p. 110: Otia Conch. p. 199. Tayoy River. Reeve (Conch. Icon. Mel. f. 4) has figured an Herculea from Ceylon! which is utterly unknown to us from that quarter. 6. M. Peguensis, Anthony, Amer. Journ. Conch. Pegu. 7. M. episcopalis, Lea, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 184, in part. Diyung River, North Cachar Hills. * See plate 75, f. 5, 7. PLATE LXXIII. MELANTIA, 1, 2, 5, 4. M. seabra, Miiller (as Buccinum s.), Hist. Verm. vol. 2, p. 1386.—Chemn. Conch. Cab. f, 1259, 1260, badly, (as Helix s.).—Brug. Enc. Méth. Vers, vol. 1, p. 330 (as Bulimus s.).—Desh. ed. Lam. Anim. s. Vert. vol. 9, p. 443.— Helix aspera, Gmel. Syst. Nat. 5656.—Dillw. Cat. vol. 2, p. 950.—Wood, Ind. Testac. pl. 34, f. 141.—M. elegans, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Mel. f. 178. Poona ; Coromandel; Cochin; River Goomti ; Ceylon (fig. 3, 4), &e., &e. A very variable shell, of which the coarser and more spinous form (f. 1) comes from Cochin and Beloochis- tan; the smoother and less opaque from Poona, 5, 6, 7. M. scabra, var. elegans.—M. elegans, Bens. Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1886), p. 782, name only for the unnamed turreted form in Gleanings in Science, vol. 1 (1829), Melan. letter c.—Hutton, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. (vol. 17, pt. 1) 1849, p. 657. North of Oude, S. India. Figure 6 is drawn from a shell marked by Benson as his type; figure 5 is peculiarly characteristic ; figure 7 is an elongated variety, from the North of Oude. 8, 9. M. Layardi, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1858.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Mel. f. 104. Ceylon. 10. M. datura, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1858.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Mel. f. 213. Ceylon. —et 32 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE LXXIV. MELANIA. 1, 2, 8, 4. M. tuberculata, Miiller, Hist. Verm. pt. 2, p- 191 (as Nerita t.) and in Chemn. Conch. Cab. vol. 9, f. 1261, 1262.—Philippi, Ab. N. Conch. vol. 1, Mel. pl. 1, f. 19.—Bulimus t. Bruguiére, Enc. Méth. Vers, vol. 1, p. 330.—Strombus vibex, Gmel. Syst. Nat. p. 8522.—Dillwyn, Desc. Cat. Sh. vol. 2, p. 950. —Melanoides fasciolata, Olivier, Voy. pl. 31, f. 7. Abundantly diffused : the finest from Southern India. 5, 6. M. Tirouri, var. ? Férussac in Quoy and Gaim. Voy. Astrol. Zool. vol. 5, p. 159, pl. 56, f. 38, 39. Puniar (or Pannaar) River, Cuddalore, S. India. The only adult example known to us is the one here figured. It may possibly prove distinct from the species to which we doubtfully refer it, but we dare not de- Perhaps it may be the Helix turrita of Chemnitz (Conch. Cab. vol. 9, pt. 2, p. 6, for H. turrita crenulata, p. 165, f. 1230), but it is devoid of | lineate it as new. the infrasutural crenz. 7,10. M. rudis, Lea, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 186. —Reeve, Conch. Icon. Mel. f, 172. Ceylon. A very close approach to the spineless form of Broti. The M. microstoma of Lea, ascribed to Ceylon by Brot (not by Lea), and considered identical by some writers, does not agree with the specimen here delineated. 8, 9. M. Batana, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. H. vol. 1, p. 144: Otia Conch. p. 191. Tenasserim. ® PLATE LXXV. x, ’ MELANIA. + 1,4. M. baceata, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. vol. 2, p. 219; Otia Conch. p. 200. Thoungyin River, Birmah. 2. M. baccata, Gould, var. fusiformis. Shan States. 3. M. baccata, Gould, var. pyramidalis——M. vari- abilis, var. pyramidalis, Theobald, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 34, pt. 2 (1865), pl. 19, f. 7. Shan States. ‘5, 7. M. episcopalis, Lea, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p- 184, im part.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Mel. f. 12. Diyung River, North Cachar. This is not the episcopalis of the Conchological Mis- id cellany (from Borneo), which, formerly confused with it, has been been termed Brookei by Reeve (C. Icon Mel. f. 207). 6. M. variabilis, var. spinosa.—M. spinosa, Benson, in Hanley’s Conch. Miscel. Mel. pl. 1, f. 7 (small form).—M. variabilis, var. B, Benson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5, p. 746. River Jumna; Sylhet, &e. The spire in perfect examples of this rare form is wont to be quite smooth: the character, however, is not invariable. PLATE LXXVL PALUDINA. 1, 4. P. Naticoides, Theobald, Journ. Asi. Soe. Beng. vol. 34, 1865, pt. 2, pl. 9, f. 1, 2, 3. Shan States. 2, 3. P. crassa, Hutton Mss. in Benson Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5, 1836, p. 745.—Reeve, Conch. Icon, Palud. f. 33.—P. obtusa, Troschel, Wiegm. Arch. Nat. Hist. 1837, p. 173.—Philippi, N. Conch. vol. 1, p. 116, Pal. pl. 1, f. 14.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 33. Bengal. Varies much in elevation of spire. 5. P. oxytropis, Benson, Jour. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol.5 | (1836), p. 745.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 9.— P. pyramidata, Philippi, Ab. N. Conch. vol. 1, Pal. pl. 1, f. 3, 4.—Kust. ed. Chemn., Palud. pl. 6, f. 1, 2. Bengal (teste Reeve and Philippi). Still very rare: figured from the original type. 76. P. lecythis, Benson, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 | (1836), p. 745. Upper Birmah. We have figured the almost unique type. 7. P. lecythis, var. ampulliformis, Benson.—P. am- pulliformis, Eydoux and Souleyet, Voy. Bonite, Zool. p. 549, pl. 31, f. 25, 26, 27. Upper Birmah. Only differs from the type by the absence of the infrasutural angle. 8, 9, 10. P. Bengalensis, Lamarck, Anim. s. Vert. (ed. Desh.) vol. 8, p. 513.—Deles. Rec. Coq. Lam. pl. 31, f. 2.—Reeve, Conch. Icon, Palud. f. 5.—Kust. ed. Chemn. Palud. f. 15, 16.—P. elongata, Swains. Zool. Ill. ser. 1, pl. 98, top.—P. lineata, Valenc, in Humb. & Bonpl. Voy. Zool. vol. 2, p. 255. Ganges, &c. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 33 Under this name Deshayes has figured a shell in Bélanger's voyage (Ind. Orient. Zool. p. 419, Moll. pl. 1, f. 14, 15) which differs remarkably from the ordi- nary type. Our figure 10 is from a rather uncommon variety. PLATE LXXVII. PALUDINA. 1, 2. P. Ceylanica, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p- 123.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud, f. 32. Ceylon. Possibly identical with the P. biangulata of Kuster. of 5, 4, P. dissimilis, Miilier, Hist. Verm. pt. 2, p. 184 (as Neritad.).—Schriter, Hinleit. Conch. vol. 2, 254, pl. 4, f. 10, (ditto).—Helix d. Gmelin, Syst. Nat. 5647.—Dillwyn, Des. Cat. p. 941 (ditto).— P. Remossii, Kuster, (not Philippi) ed. Chemn. Palud. p. 26, pl..5, f. 17, 18: Tanks near Calcutta; Kondooruwave, &c. This shell was fairly figured by Chemnitz as the Tranquebar variety of the Helix vivipara of Linnzeus. The P. dissimilis of Reeve was not Indian, but from the Nile, and is not unlike unicolor: his melanostoma (C. Icon. Pal. f. 27) is regarded by Martens as a form of this species. o>. P. Bengalensis, Lamarck, var. gigantea.—P. gigantea, Von dem Busch, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 7. Bengal. A swollen form of this widely diffused species. 6. P. doliaris, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. vol. 1, p. 144; Otia Conch. p. 191.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 1. British Birmah. 7, 10. P. Heliciformis, Frauenfeld, Verhandl. Zool. Bot. Wien, vol. 15 (1865), p. 533, pl. 22 (as Vivivipara H.): Zool. Mise. pt. 5.—P. dissimilis, var. decussatula, or P. decussatula, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 446. Ava; Rangoon. Comparison of the types shows their absolute identity. The specimen originally described was supposed to have come from Central Africa. The spire is usually eroded. 8, 9. P. Remossii, Philippi (erroneously as of Benson), Abbild. N. Conch. vol. 2, p. 154, Palud. pl. 2, f. 3. a Jounpore, Soobathuy, &e. We are aware that Ben on supposed ‘‘ Remossii” was an incorrect reading of his manuscript name ‘“‘ premorsa,” yet as the species actually published under the latter designation by Reeve is much more like dissimilis, and the shell here delineated was the melanostoma of Hutton according to Benson’s collec- It matters little, indeed, to science whether or not a Monsieur Remosse ever existed; much to science that published names should not be changed without the most absolute tion, we prefer to retain the printed name. necessity. The P. melanostoma of Reeve (?= dissimilis) does not exhibit the dark-lipped mouth; no definition of Hutton’s shell has, to our knowledge, appeared in print. PLATE LXXVIII. ACHATINA: Section Electra. See previous plates, xvii, Xvili, XXxXv, XXXVI. 1. A. pulla, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 21, pl. 3, f. 20 (as Glessula p.) Torna. 2. A. Hugeli, Pfeiffer, Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 259.— Glandina H. Philip. Ab. Neuer Conch. vol. 1, p. 135, Glandina, pl. 1, f. 8. Cashmire. 3. A. Tornensis, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt 2, p. 22, pl. 3, f. 22 (as Glessula.) Torna Hill, near Poona, Deccan. 4. A. Sattaraensis, H. Adams, Mss. for his A. fusca, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 15, pl. 4, f. 10 (preoccu- pied). : This is not the A. fusca of Pfeiffer, which is near, if not identical with the parabilis of Benson. 5. A. erosa,” Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, (vol. 40, pt. 2), p. 43, pl. 2, fig. 7 (as Glessula e.). Darjiling. 6. A. baculina, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 43, pl. 2, f. 6 (as Glessula b.). Khersiong, Sikkim Himalayah, 7. A. Singhurensis, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 19, pl. 3, f. 17 (as Glessula S.). Singhur, near Poona, Deccan. 8. A. serena, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1860, ser. 3, vol. 5, p. 384, 460.—Pfeif. Mon, Helic. vol. 6, p. 223. Ceylon. 9. A. Oreas, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Achat. f, 113.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 495? Nilgherries. 5 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. The single and slightly broken shell figured by Reeve must be regarded as the type, but as Pfeiffer’s description does not well apply to it, and Benson had another species mixed with it, it is probable the speci- men he lent Pfeiffer was not the original. 10. A. Jerdoni, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Ach. f. 80.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 495. Nilgherries. PLATE LXXIX. SPIRAXIS, &. See previous plates xix to xxiii. 1. §. Cingalensis, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1865, Feb. (ser 3, vol. 11) p. 91.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 191. Weelgamowe, Mattelle, Ceylon. The apex of the unique example (which looks like a Syrnola) is broken off. Under Spiraxis authors have grouped most utterly different forms. 2, 3. S. Layardi, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. (ser. 3, vol. 11) 1863, Feb. p. 90.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 190. Ceylon. 4, S. Walkeri, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1863, (ser. 3, vol. 11) p. 90.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 189. Port Blair, Andamans. 5. S. Haughtoni, var. Benson. The Opeas Pealei of Tryon (Americ. J. of Conch. vol. 5, p. 110, pl. 10, f. 5) is an additional synonym of this rare species. 6. Bulimus densus, Pfeiffer, Malak. Blat. 1855, p- 144: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 424. Malabar. 7. B. latebricola, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 572.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 401; Kust. ed. Chemn. Bul. pl. 20, f. 5, 6. Landour, W. Himalayah. 8. S. pusillus, Blanford, Journ, Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 34, 1865, p.78: Cont. Mal. pt. 5.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 192. Prome, Pegu. 9. B. scrobiculatus, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1860 (vol. 34), p. 77: Cont. Mal. pt. 5, p. 13. —Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 151. Pegu, west of the Irawady. 10. S. hebes, W. and H. Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1861, p. 361, pl. 1, f. 15: Cont, Mal. pt. 2. —Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 190. Nilgherries. PLATE LXXX. BULIMUS. See previous plates xix to xxiii. 1. B. ccelebs, Benson’s Ms. in Pfeif. Symbol. pt. 3, p. 83: Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 119.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 301. Near Almorah, Bema; Landour and Kemaon, W. Himalayah. 2. B. celebs, var. ceratina.—B. ceratinus, Bens. in Reeve’s Conch. Bulim. f. 569. Almorah ; Kemaon, W. Himalayah, 3. B. proletarius, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 292: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 417. Ceylon. 4. B. trutta, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol.36, 1866, p. 42: Cont. Mal. pt. 6, p. 12.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 125. Anamullay Hills. 5. B. Bontiee, Chemnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. 9. f. 1216, 1217 (as Helix).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p- 194: Kust. ed. Chemn. Bul. pl. 10, f. 8, 9. Southern India. 6. B. lepidus, Gould, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. H. 1856, p. 11: Otia Conch. p. 219.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 33. Mergut Isles. Except in being shorter, with more rounded whorls, and without a notch at the commencement of the pillar-lip, it might be taken for Sylheticus. 7. B. Bengalensis, Lamarck, Anim. s. Vert. (ed. Desh.) vol. 8, p. 285.—Deles. Rec. Cog. Lam. pl. 28, f. 1.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 194.— Reeve, Conch. Icon, Bulim. f. 289. Bengal. 8. B. plicifer, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 34, 1865, pt. 2, p. 78: Cont. Mal. pt. 5.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 102. Prome, Pegu. 9. B. putus, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19, 1857, April.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 502. Tavoy: 10. B. segregatus, Benson, in Reeve’s Conch, Icon. Bulim. f. 587. Simla, W. Himalayah; Cashmire. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA, 30 PLATE LXXXI. ANCYLUS, CAMPTONYX, LITHOTIS, LITHOGLYPHUS. 1, 4. A. Ceylanicus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1864, ser. 3, vol. 13, p. 139. Matelle, Ceylon. 2, 3. A. verruca, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1855, ser. 2, vol. 15, p. 12. Bhimthal, Rohilkhund, Orissa: Jawai, Cachar. 5, 6. C. Theobaldi, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1858, ser. 3, vol. 1, p. 336, pl. 12, f. 1, 2—Valenciennesia T. Fischer, Jour, Conch, 1859, vol. 7, p. 319. Mount Girnar, Kattiawar, W. India. 7. Lithotis rupicola, Blanford, An. Nat. Hist. 1863, ser. 3, vol. 12, p. 186, pl. 4, f. 8, 9, 10. Bori Ghaf. = 8, 9. L. tumida, Blanford, Jour. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 23, pl. 3, f. 24. Singhur and Poorundjhur (subcostulate var.). 10. Lithoglyphus Martabanensis, Theobald, Jour. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 402, pl. 18, i), Martaban. PLATE LXXXII. CYATHOPOMA. 1, 4. C. Malabaricum, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1860 (Cont. Mal. pt. 1, p. 9), as Cyclo- tus.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 32 (as Cyclo- tus).—W. Blanford, J. Conch. 1868, vol. 16, p. 261, pl. 12, f. 7 (as Cyath.). Near Pykara. The colour is solely in the epidermis. 2, 3. C. filocinctum, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1851, ser. 2, vol. 8, p. 188 (as Cyclostoma).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 221 (as ? Cylostomus) ; vol. 2, p. 25 (as Cyclotus).—Blanf. J. Conch. 1868, vol. 16, p- 258, pl. 12, f. 1—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cyclot. f. 50 (as Cyclotus). Nilgherries, Southern India. 5, 6. 2? C. malleatum, Blanford. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861 (vol. 50), p. 649, pl. 1, f. 6 (as Cyclophorus).— Pfeif. Mon. Pneumon, vol. 3, p. 71 (as Cyclop.). Shevroy Hills, S. India. We have doubtfully referred this shell to Cyatho- poma, from its greater resemblance to the species here figured than to the Cyclophori: its operculum is un- known to us. 7, 10. C. tignarium, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863, Dec. (ser. 3, vol. 12) p. 426 (as ? Cyath.).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum, vol. 3, p. 33 (as Cyclotus).—Blan- ford, J. Conch, 1868, vol. 16, p. 263, pl. 12, f 9. Andaman Islands. 8, 9. C. Deceanense, Blanford, Journ. Conch. 1868, vol. 16, p. 258, pl. 12, f. 2. Western Ghats, not far from Bombay. PLATE LXXXIII. HELIX. See previous plates, xiil. to xvi. ; XXv. to XXXL. ; 1. to lxiv. 1, 2, 3. H. castra, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1852 (ser. 2, vol. 10), p. 349.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. f. 1160.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 635. Darjiling, Sikkim Himalayah. oan A legle. The minute spiral strie on the lower disk, near the keel, cannot be represented by lithography. 4,7. H. sanis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1861 (ser. 3, vol. 7), p. 84.—Pfeif. Mon, Helic. vol. 5, p. 186. Port Blair, Andamans: Shan Provinces. The lower disk has no spiral sculpture, but when very highly magnified seems rugosely shagreened. The keel seems too broad in figure 4. 5, 6. H. galerus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856 (ser. 2, vol. 18), p. 96.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, Pelle Ceylon. The base resembles that of H. castra. 8, 9, 10. H. macromphalos, Blanford, Jour. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 17, pl. 3, f. 14 (as Plectopylis). Marung in Khasi Hills: small var. from Darjiling. ; a a en an CONCHOLOGTA INDICA. 36 PLATE LXXXIV. HELIX. 1, 4. H. pinacis, Benson. See previous reference, pl. 13, f. 5. 2, 3. H. Atkinsoni, Theobald. See previous re- ference, pl. 15, f. 9. The surface is adorned, both above and below, with very fine and close riblets, which, under a powerful glass, appear subarticulated. 5, 6. H. Ataranensis, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870 (vol. 39, pl. 2), p. 401, pl. 18, f. 7 (as Nanina). Near the river Ataran, in Martaban. 7. H. Gardeneri, Pfeiffer, in Kust. ed. Chemn. Helix, pl. 112, f. 12, 13: Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 47.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 446. Ceylon. 8, 9, 10. H. arata, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p- 445 (as Nanina, section Rotula). Near Bhamo, Birmah. PLATE LXXXV. HELIX. 1,4. H. convexa, Reeve (as of Benson), Conch. Icon. Hel. f. 762, for H, monticola of Pfeif. (erroneously Hutton) in Kust. ed. Chemn. Hel. pl. 160, f. 3-5. Himalayah. - Vag |; i . H. ruginosa, Férussac, Hist. Moll. pl. 71, f. 4 nee la).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 368: Kust. ed. Chemn. Helix, pl. 76, f. 7 to 10.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 748. Bengal. St Qu) 5, 6. H. partita, Pfeif. Proc. Zool. Soc. 18538, p. 125: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 55.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1311 (nacly)- Ceylo Reeves’s 1. abo ee seems a mere variety. 7, 10. H. subconoidea, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 51: Mon, Helic. vol. 4, p. 56, and vol. 5, p- 118.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1826. Ceylon. 8, 9. H. fallaciosa, Férussac, Hist. Moll. pl. 71, - f. 1, 2 (as Helicella).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p- 868.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 459. Coimbatore, Khoondah Hills: Ceylon. Very like asperella, but is smooth. PLATE LXXXVI. HELIX. 1. H. conecavospira, Pfeif. Proc. Zool. Soc. 18638, p- 124: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 32.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1315. Ceylon. /2, 3. H. Zoroaster, var. concolor, Theobald, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1859 (vol. 28), p.310: Desc. Birm. p- 2. Near the Irawadi, between Prome and Ava. 4. H. turritella, Adams (as Nanina), Proce. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 275, for his Nanina conulus (pre- occupied), Proc. Zool. 1867, p. 307, pl. 19, f. 16. Ceylon. 5, 6. H. Angelica, Pfeif. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1856, . 33: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 125: Novit. pl. 21, 4, 3 6. Punjaub. 7. H. Attegia, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 3, ol. 3), p. 184.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 91: Novit. pl. 78, f. 17, 18, 1:9: Phie Than, Tenasserim. Vega ‘ 8, 9, 10. EL. fritillata, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1865 (ser. 3, vol. 11), p. 320.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 247. Pegu. PLATE LXXXVII. HELIX. 1, 4. H. oreula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1850 (ser. 2, vol. 6), p. 251.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 42. —Reeve, Conch. Icon. Hel. f. 1176, Bengal, Behar, &c. ~ CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 2, 5. H. mononema, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1853 (ser. 2, vol. 12), p. 92.—Pfeif. Mon. Helie. vol. 4, p- 87.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. f. 1339. Ceylon. 5, 6. N. Pirrieana, Pfeif. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 55: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 154, and vol. 6, p. 417. —Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1341. Walaghat in Koondah Hills. Proc. Zool. Soe. »p- 59, and vol. 5, Barrakpore. ; 2 Sik rin iNi hans ul * 8, 9. N. retifera, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1845, p. 7. H. Barrakporensis, Pfeiffer, 1852, p. 156: Mon. Helie. vol. 3 p: 86. 13: Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 119.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix f. 1070.2 Rlantoed! An. Nat. Hist. 1861 (ser. 3, vol. 7), p. 244 (as Plectopylis). Nilcherries. . macropleuris, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 5, vol. 5), p. 265.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 183, and Mal. Bliit, 1859, p. 24. Rungun Valley, near Darjiling. PLATE LXXXVIIL. HELIX. 1,4. H. compluvialis, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, pt. 2 (vol. 34), p. 66: Cont. Mal. pt. 5. Aracan Hills. 2, 3. H. convallata, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856, (ser. 2, vol. 18), p. 250.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 46: Novit. Conch. vol. 1, a 36, f. 14, 15, Ry, Breneh. Therep ov onaddcvivn VA 5, 6. H. consepta, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 6), p. 190, and 18638, (ser. 3, vol. 11), p. 320.—Pfeit. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 239. Near Moulmein. 7,10. H. petrosa, Hutton, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 183: (vol. 3), p. 84, for Helix no. 3 (from type).— Pfeif. Mon. 1, p. 56.—H. vitrinoides, Pfeif. (not Desh.) Mon. 1, p. 56. Bengal. - sf Indian collectors term this fragile species H. vitri- noides, and it suits part of the figures (pl. 110, f. 11, 12), which illustrate that shell in Kuster’s “‘ Chemnitz.” 37 It is certainly not the true vitrinoides of Deshayes figured without known locality in Guérin’s ‘ Magasin de Zoologie.” 8,9. H. eycloidea, Albers, Malak. Bliitt. 1857 (vol. 4), p. 89, pl. 1, f. 1, 2, 3.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 43. Near Moulmein. PLATE LXXXIX. HELIX. 9% ¢ / fe 1, 2,3. H. umbrina, Pfeiffer, Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p- 49.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1335. Ceylon. 4, 5, 6. H. vilipensa, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1853 (ser. 2, vol. 12), p. 98.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 49. Ceylon. ye. z nASE 7,10. H. tenuicula, Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 14, pl. 4, f. 9 (as Macrochlamys). = Si ftedscecd, o Sattara, Bombay. 8,9. H. Petasus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. (ser. 3, vol. 3), p. 388.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p- 97. Phie Than, Tenasserim. Ms 1859 3hHe Af - S, | PLATE XC. HELIX, 1,4. H. levicula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 | 1 Powe 4 Vie | (ser. 3, vol. 3), p. 891.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, ‘ “a \ 5 ie Luk We Phie Than, Tenasserim. “4. “(pam 2, 3. H. causia, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 3, eediinty te vol. 3), p. 888.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 118. yo 3b hd Phie Than, Tenasserim. wi, ih ae 5, 6. H. mucosa, W. and H. Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861 (vol. 30), p. 353, pl. 1, f 11.— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 51. Near Pykara, at Coonor Ghat and Seegoor Ghat, Nilgherries. (os) 7, 8, 9. H. pauxillula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 5, vol. 3), p. 890.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, j p- 119. } Thyet Myo. This is not identical with the species so named by Gould (Exped. Shells, p. 40). 10. H. honesta, Gould, (not Reeve) Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. vol. 2, p. 99.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p- 65. Tavoy: Aracan Hills, Pegu. PLATE XCI. ALYCAUS. 1,4. A. Feddenianus, Theobald, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 397, pl. 18, f. 4. Shan=States; and Upper Salwen. ; 2,5. A. amphora, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856, ser. 2, vol. 17, p. 226.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p- 34; Novit. vol. 1, pl. 35, f. 15, 16. Moulmein, aad—Benassopia, Cn 5, 6. A. pyramidalis, Benson. An. Nat. Hist. 1856, ser. 2, vol. 17, p. 225.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, , p- 225: Novit. Conch. vol. 1, pl. 35, f. 13, 14. Therabuin Hill, Tenasserim, Birmeah- 7, 10. A. Andamaniez, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1861, ser. 3, vol. 7, p. 28.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 8, p- 47. Port Blair, Andaman Islands. §, 9. A. urnula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 11 (1853), p. 284.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p- 34. Dayjiling, Himalayah, EE ————— eee Uv PLATE XCII. ALYCAUS. 1, 4. A. stylifer, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19 (1857), p. 204.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 37; Novit. vol. 1, pl. 35, f. 24-27. Darjiling, Sikkim Himalayah. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 2, 5. A. prosectus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19 (1857), p. 203.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 86: Novit. vol. 1, pl. 35, f. 21-28. Teria Ghat, Khasia Hills. 5, 6. A. physis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 8 (1859), p. 179.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 48. Rungun Valley, near Darjiling. 7, 10. A. Ingrami, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1862, vol. 81, p. 185.,—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum, vol. 2, p. 48. : Near Tongoop, Aracan,- ~*©4 | 8, 9. A. umbonalis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856, ser. 2, vol. 17, p. 225.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 86: Novit. Conch. vol. 1, pl. 35, f. 18, 19, 20. Akaouktoung, dear Trawadi, Birmah, PLATE XCIII. ALYCHAHUS. 1, 4. A. bifrons, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 396, pl. 18, f. 1. Shan-States. - 4/»/icrS 2,5. A. strangulatus, Hutton, Mss. in Pfeif. Zeitschr. Malak. 1846, p. 86.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p- 120; Kuster, ed. Chemn, Cyclost. pl. 17, f. 7, 8, and pl. 38, f. 35. Landour, — 5, 6. A. hebes, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19 (1857), p. 204.—Pfeif. Mon, Pneum. vol. 2, p. 37: Novit. pl. 35, f. 28-31. Teria Ghat, Khasia Hills. ms - 7. A. gemmula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 8, (1859), p. 179.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p- 92. Rungun Valley. « 8, 9. A. humilis, Blanford, J. Asi, Soc. Beng. 1862, vol, 31, p. 136: Cont. Mal. pt. 3.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 49. Akaouktoung, on the banks of the Irawadi: near Myanoung. 10. A. armillatus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856, ser. 2, vol. 17, p. 227.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol, 2, p- 37. Thyet Myo, near river Irawadi, Birmah. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA, 39 PLATE XCIV. ALYCAUS. 1. 2, 5. A. politus, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, vol. 34, p. 83. Phoungdo, near Cape Negrais, Aracan. 1, 7. A. nitidus, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1862, vol. 31, p. 141.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 51. Tongoop, Aracan 5, 6. A. Richthofeni, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1863, vol. 32, p. 324. Moulmein. yf Ps 8,9, 10. A, Avee, Js Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 32 (1863), p- 323. . Hills BE. of Mandelay, and Ava. PLATE XCV.’ ALYC#AUS. 1,4. A. constrictus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 8 (1851), p. 188 (as Cyclostoma); vol. 10, p- 272.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 35: Kuster ed. Chemn. Cyclos. pl. 49, f. 24, 25. Darjiling, Sikkim Himalayah. 2, 3. A. bembex, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 3 (1859), p. 178.—Pteif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p- 46. Rungun Valley, near Darjiling, Himalayah. S44 6. A. otiphorus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, hes / vol. 3 (1859), p. 178.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 46. Pankabari; Rungun Valley, near Darjiling, Himalayah. 7, 8,9. A. graphicus, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1862, vol. 31, p. 137.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 46. Aracan Hills. Our figure 7, represents the variety from the Shan States, referred to by Theobald (J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870), vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 598, pl. 18, f. 3. 10, andeph=SjeetiezZ—- A. margarita, Theobald, MSS. =~=6ee ; _ Shan Provinces. Although very near-graphicus, differs in form, sculpture, and colouring. PLATE XCVI. ALYCEHUS. I, 4. A. ecueullatus, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 396, pl. 18, f. 2. Shan States. 2,3. A. polygonoma, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1862, vol. 31, p. 140.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. dl. Aracan Hills. 5, 6. A. plectocheilus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 3, (1859), p. 180,—Pfeif. Mon, Pneum. vol. 3, p. 53. Rungun Valley. 7, 10. A. suecineus, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1862, vol. 31, p. 139.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p-é Aracan Hills. 8, 9. A. Vuleani, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc, Beng. 1863, vol. 32, p. 323.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 47. Peak of Puppa in Ava. PLATE XCVII. ALYCAUS. 1, 4. A. crenulatus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 3, (1859), p. 180.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p- 59. Rungun Valley. 2,3. A. Theobaldi, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1862, vol. 31, p. 142.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 49. Khasi Hills. 5,6. A. seulptilis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856, ser.2, vol. 17, p. 226.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 30. Thyet Myo, near Irawadi, not far from the boundary of British Birmah. 7. A. margarita, Theobald, see plate 95, f. 10. Same as 2 8, 9,10. A. glaber, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, vol. 34, p. 84: Cont. Mal. pt. 5. Akyab, Aracan Hills, 5. of harbour. PLATE XCVIII. STREPTAXIS. See previous plate, vili.* 1, 4. S. Layardiana, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1855 (ser. 2, vol. 12), p. 90.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p- 332. Ceylon. * In Plate viii. the figures 5 and 10 were erroneously transposed. ‘agi 40 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 2,3. S. Cingalensis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1853 (ser. 2, vol. 12), p. 91.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 333, Ceylon. 5,.6. S. Peroteti, Petit, Revue Zool. Cuv. 1841, p- 100 (as Helix).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 288, Kust. ed. Chemn. pl. 143, f. 29, 30, 31. Nilgherries. 7. S. solidula, Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 166, pl. 7, f. 10. Near Moulmein. 8, 9, 10. S. exacuta, Gould, Proc. Bost. vol. 6 (1856): Otia Conch. p. 220.—Pfeif. Mal. Bliit. 1856, (vol. 3) p. 258: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 331. Mergui, Birmah. Tayey. The abrupt increase of the antepenult whorl, and the smoothness of the base towards the mouth, easily dis- tinguish the species from §. Sankeyi. The ribs, moreover, are coarser, and a second, though minute parietal lamella, surmounts the principal one. PLATE XCIX. PLANORBIS. See previous plates, xxxix, xl. 1,4. P. compressus, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 3, p. 91(No. 3), 93.—Bens. J. Asi. Soc, Beng. vol. 5, p. 748.—Martens, Malak. Blat. vol. 14, p- 215. Ganges, &e. The P. Tondanensis of Mousson is now regarded by that writer as a synonym. 2, 5. P. rotula, Benson, An. Naz. Hist. 1850, ser. 2, vol. 5, p. 351. Near Moradabad. 5, 6, 7. P. hyptiocyclos, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863, ser. 3, vol. 11, p. 89, and Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 117 (as Helix). Fort M’Donald, Ceylon. Despite of its supposed habitat, there can be no doubt as to the generic allocation. We have figured Benson’s own examples. 8, 9, 10. P. convexiusculus, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 18, pt. 2, (1849), p. 657. Affghanistan. PLATE C. PUPA (including ENNEA). 1. P. (En.) Pirreei, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 295 (as Pupa): Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 341 and Novit. Conch. vol. 1, p. 199, pl. 32, f. 12, 18, 14 (as Ennea), Khoondah Mountains, near Calicut. 2. P. (En.) Blanfordi, Godwin-Austen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872. _Khasi-Hills. h QISK Pons 3. P. (En.) vara, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 3, vol. 3), p. 188 (as Pupa, sect. Ennea).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 455 (as Ennea). t/(&0 = Nanelai, Khasi Hills. » - 4. P. (En.) Ceylanica, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1855, p. 9 (as Pupa, sec. Ennea).—Ennea C. Pfeif. Mal. Blat. vol. 2 (1855) p. 63.—Novit. Conch. vol. 1, pl. 32, f. 18, 19, 20; Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p- 341. Ceylon. 5. P. (En.) fartoides, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 39, pt. 2 (1870), p. 400 (as Pupa). Shan Provinces. 6. P. (En.) bicolor, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1834, vol. 3), p. 86,93 (as Pupa).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 853, and Kust. ed. Chemn. Pupa, pl. 13, f. 9, 10 (as Pupa).—P. mellita, Gould, Proc. Bost. 1846, vol. 2, p. 99.—Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 3, p. 545. Judea , Mirzapore, &c.; Tavoy, &c.: Ceylon. For further references, see Pfeiffer, Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 342. 7. P. bathyodon, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863 (ser. 3, vol. 11), p. 426.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 326. Nerbudda. 8. P.fplicidens, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 4 (1849, Aug.).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 353: Kust. ed. Chemn. Pupa, pl. 17, f. 23, 24. WW Himalayah. ot Kha NUL, rh. 9. P. salwiniana, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870 (vol. 39, pt. 2), p. 400. Shan States. Our figure is unsatisfactory: the body is usually broader, and the mouth more oblique. The internal lamelle cannot, of course, be represented on so small a scale: they average with the teeth and denticles about nine in number. 10. P. lapidaria, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc Beng. 1849, vol. 18, pt. 2, p.652.—Pfeif. Mon. Eelic, vol. 4, p.672. Affghanistan. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA, 41 PLATE CI. PUPA. 1. P. stenopylis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 5), p. 460.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 455.— G. Aust. Proc. Zool. 1872, pl. 30, f. 5. Darjiling. _— 2. P. planguncula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863 ae (ser. 3, vol. 11), p. 426.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p- 330. Orissa. Our sole type having been smashed while in the artist’s possession, we cannot vouch for the correctness of this drawing. If another should be procurable, and | this drawing prove incorrect, the figure will be re- peated. 3. P, Huttoniana, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1849 (ser. 2, vol. 4), p. 126.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 676. Simla. 4. P. Himalayana, Hutton, in Bens. An. Nat. Hist. 1863 (ser. 3, vol. 11), p. 428.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 299. Simla and Mussoorie, W. Himalayah. 5, 6. P. Evezardi, Blanford, MSS. Singhur Hill, Dekkan. 7. P. eurina, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1864 (ser. 3, vol. 13), p. 189.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 500. At the river Gogra. - 8. P. seriola, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863 (ser. 3, vol. 11), p. 427.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 304. Cuttack in Orissa. Benson states that in one of the two types there is a rather distant tooth midway between the two lips, and that the pillar lip is broadly expanded at its commence- ment. The type having been smashed, and an imper- fect photograph alone preserved, we cannot vouch for the correctness of our figure. - 9. P. gutta, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1864 (ser. 3, vol. 13), p. 138.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 298. Spiti Valley, Kunawar. Both the known types have been crushed. Our drawing is taken from a photograph. 10. P. diopsis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863 (ser. 3, vol. 11), p. 427.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 306. Valley of the Nerbudda. We have figured the unique original, which does not well display the remote columellar tooth ascribed to it: the name, says Benson, was a misprint for diploos. PLATE CII. ACHATINA: Section Electra chiefly. See previous plates xvii, xviii, xxxv, xxxvi, Ixxviil. 1. A. paupercula, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, p. 382, pl. 1, f. 16: Cont. Mal. pt. 2.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 227. Kolamullies, Shevroys, and Pachamullies. 2. A. Deshayesiana, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852; Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 495: Kust. ed. Chemn. Bulimus, pl. 43, f. 13 to 16, Achat. No. 107. Ceylon, and Koondah Hills. 3. A. Bensoniana, Pfeiffer, Zeits. Malak. 1851, p. 27; Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 494; Kust. ed. Chemn. Bulim. pl. 26, f. 12, 18. Nilgherries. 4. A. Punctogallana, Pfeiffer, Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 493, for A. Ceylanica, Reeve (not Pf.) Conch. Icon. Achat. f. 59. Ceylon. 5. A. Mullorum, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, p. 362, pl. 1, f. 17.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 228. Madras. 6. A. Peguensis, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 34, 1865, p, 78.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p- 228. Trawadi Valley, Pegu. 7. A. rugata, Bianford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 20, pl. 5, f. 18 (as Glessula). Singhur, near Poona: a var. from Poorun- dhur. 8. A. Beddomei, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng, 1866, p- 41: Cont. Mal. pt. 6.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 222. Anamullay Hills. Our figure is copied from an exquisite painting lent us by the author. 9. A, illustris, Godwin-Austen, MSS. Cachar. 10. A. balanus, Benson, in Reeve, Conch. Icon, Achat. f. 109.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 627. Near Agra: Kattiwar. — Oo a ad 42 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE CIII. ALYCA#US. Oy See previous plates xci to xcvil. Z k 1. A. diagonks, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871 (vol. 40, pt. 2), p. 88, pl. 3, fi 2. Diyung Valiey, N. of Asdlu, N. Cachar. 2, 3. A. erenatus, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871 (vol. 40, pt. 2), p. 91, pl. 3, f. 5. Burrail Range, N. Cachar. 4. A. vestitus, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1862 (vol. 31), p. 188: Cont. Mal. pt. 3. Moditoung, Aracan Hills. 5, 6. A. Khasiacus, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871 (vol. 40, pt. 2), p. 90, pl. 3, f. 4. Khasi and Jaintia Hills. 7, 10. A. pusillus, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1871 (vol. 40, pt. 2), p. 90, pl. 3, f. 3. Banks of Kopili River, from Jawai to Asalu. 8, 9. A. conicus, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871 (vol. 40, pt. 2), p. 87, pl. 8, f. 1. E. of Kopili River, N. Cachar. PLATE CIV. CYCLOPHORUS. See previous plates i to iv, xxxiil, xxiv, xlvii, xlviil. 1. C. affinis, var. picta, Theobald. A most lovely shell, which has sometimes minute spiral striolz, sometimes concentric wrinkles. 2,3. C. Layardi, H. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 294, pl. 4, f. 21. Ceylon. We have only seen two individuals of this well- marked shell, both formerly possessed by H. Adams. * 4. C. speciosus, Philippi, Zeits. Malak. 1847, p- 128 (as Cyclost.).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p- 56, and in Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclos. pl. 25, f. 1, 2, 8 (as Cyclostoma),.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cyclop. f. 4. Birmah, 5, 6. C. cornu-venatorium, Sowerby, Thesaur. Conch. vol. 1, pl. 24, f. 41 (not 42), as Cyclost.— Benson, Ann. Nat. H. 1857 (ser. 2. vol. 19), March.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 69 (as Cyclop. ?) partly. Ava, and Shan Hills. In Sowerby’s Monograph of Cyclostoma, this shell was confused with an Aulopoma (f. 42), and erroneously identified with the Pterocyclos, figured by Chemnitz as “ Cornu-venatorium” (the Helix. c. v. of Gmelin’s Systema). 7. C. speciosus, var. Philippi. The lip of this well-marked form is peculiar for its colouring, PLATE CV. CYCLOPHORUS and LEPTOPOMA. See previous plates i to iv, vi, xxxiii, xxiv, xlvii, xlviii. 1. L. conulus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1854, p. 127 (as Cyclostoma).—Reeve, Conch, Icon. Lept. f. 45. Ceylon. 2, 3. C. seurra, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1857 (ser. 2, vol. 19), p. 207.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p- 47. Pegu. 4, C. porphyriticus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1851 (ser. 2, vol. 8), p. 187 (as Cyclostoma).—Pfeif. in » Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclost. p. 383, pl. 50, f. 22 to 24 (as Cyclos.): Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 49.—C. perdix, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cycloph. f. 21. Eastern side of the Bay of Bengal. This is the shell which was at first referred by Benson (Zool. Journ.) to the C. perdix of Broderip and Sowerby (Zool, Journ.) a species from Tenasserim, with four whorls and a low spire, which does not well agree with the characters of C. perdix of Sowerby in his monograph (Thes. Conch. vol. 1), or of Pfeiffer in Kuster’s edition of Chemnitz. 5, 6. C. ravidus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1851 (ser. 2, vol. 8), p. 190 (as Cyclostoma).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 67: Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyel. pl. 50, f. 14, 15, 16 (as Cyclost.)—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cyclop. f. 102. Nilgherries, All these figures and descriptions appear taken from the unique type we have again delineated. 7, 8. C. stenostoma, Sowerby, Thesaur. Conch. i, p- 95, pl. 31, f. 261 (as Cyclost.).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. i, p. 9 ditto).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cycloph. f. 82. Figure 8 is taken from a paler variety which is less common than the other. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 43 9. C. stenostoma, var. anguis, Sowerby. Top of Nilgherries, with the preceding. This shell (possibly a distinct species) is not merely larger than the preceding, but has the entire upper surface concentrically shagreened by wavy and some- what broken raised wrinkles. 10. C. cadiscus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1860, ser. 3, vol. 5, p. 385.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum, vol. 3, p. 67. Matelle, Ceylon. This is the same shell we had given another view of in Part I. (pl. 3, f. 8, not 9), asa form of Thwaitesii ; at that time neither the collections of Benson nor Layard were adequately known to us, and even now the limits of parapsis, cadiscus, and Thwaitesii are not clear; Benson’s ideal of the last, however, does not seem that of Pfeiffer. PLATE CVI. CATAULUS. 1. C. Templemani, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p- 158 (as Pupina).—Mon. Pneum, vol. 2, p. 87.— Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 12. Ceylon. 2. C. duplicatus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 203.—Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 90.—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 2. Ceylon. Near the last, but has less convex whorls. 3. C. Blanfordi, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1862, p. 202.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 88: Novit. Conch. vol. 1, pl. 58, f. 11, 12, 13. Bollegalle in Ceylon. 4. C. heemastoma, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1856, p- 391.—Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 89.—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 11. Ceylon. 5. C. decorus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1853 (ser. 2, vol. 12, p. 96).—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 264, £ 13: Ceylon. 6. C. Thwaitesii, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 147.— Mon, Pneum. vol. 1, p. 138.—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 15. Ceylon. 7. C. Austenianus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1853 (ser. 2, vol. 12), p. 95.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 88.—Sow. Thes. Conch, vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 9. Henerat Jodde, Ceylon. 8. C. Layardi, Gray, MSS. in Pfeif. Proc. Zool. 1852, p. 160, pl. 15, f. 6—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. pt. 2, p. 87.—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 7. Ceylon. 9. C. aureus, Pfeif. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1855, p. 118: Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 88. Ceylon. 10. C. Caleadensis, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1869 (vol. 38, pt. 2), p. 137, pl. 16, f. 8. Calcad Hills, beyond the limits of Travancore. Our example (named by the author) somewhat differs from the figure in the journal, but the species is said by Blanford to be very variable. PLATE CVII. UNIO. See previous plates ix to xii, xli to xlv. 1. U. Indicus, Sowerby, in Reeve’s Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 222. Nerbudda River. As yet so rare a shell, that we have seen only two adult specimens of the normal form. 2. U. triembolus, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 10 (Septem. 1862), p. 190. Nerbudda River. 3. U. favidens, var. Benson. See Plate XI. f. 3. Near the “ Seven Tanks,” Calcutta, This dwarf form ranges between pinax and _pla- giosoma. Our figured example is solid, and displays a strongly marked sculpture, but we possess others (which remind us of the unrecognised Rajahensis) that are almost smooth, and comparatively fragile. 4, U. Indicus, var. aurea, Sowerby. Nerbudda River. Possibly the link between Indicus and Triembolus. 5. U. exolescens, Gould, Proc. Nat. H. Boston, vol. 1, p. 141: Otia Conch. p. 191. Tavoy, Birmah. Of the two examples received from Gould, the larger (a more beaked form) was in too bad a con- dition to be delineated; the one we have figured is immature. The general aspect of the species reminds 44 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. A us of the U. mutabilis of Lea (Obs. Unio, vol. 7), said 70 oN variabilis, (var. varicosa) Benson, J. Asi. Soc. to be Australian. 6, 7. U. Sikkimensis, Lea. See Plate XI. f. 4. Assam...) WA - ' ; This species, formerly so.scarce, had been previously figured by us from an uncharacteristic example. The large variety (fig. 7) reminds one externally of Wyne- gungaensis. PLATE CVIII. PALUDOMUS. i A stomatodon, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1862 (ser. 8, vol. 10), p. 415 (as? Tanalia). Near Cottyam, Travancore. 2. P. rotunda, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870 (vol. 39; pt. 2); p- 95, pl. 3; £..2. Travancore. 3. P. levis, Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 89. Ceylon. 4, P. reticulata, Blanford, J. Asi, Soc. Beng. 1870 (vol. 39, pt. 2), p. 9, pl. 3, f. Thee ae Secheite Ihareghtun Nite -N Janutia. 5. P. regulata, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856 (ser. 2, vol. 17), p. 496. Thyet Mio, Birmah. 6. P. regulata, var. Benson. t Aepuseetcs ee. ~~ PAS LB.IS))« Upper Birmah. 7 a 7. P. parva, Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 90. Ceylon. By some error the longitudinal brown marks (in the type) were described as spiral. 8. P. ornata, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856 (ser. 2, vol. 17), p. 496. Birmah. SS ere \9. P. labiosa, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856 (ser. 2, | petiore = Cabirsa Bs vol. 17), p. 495. d Tongoop, Tenasserim, Birmah. 10. P. monile, Thorpe, MSS. Southern India. PLATE CIX. MELANTIA. See previous plates lxxi to Ixxv, cix. 1. M. spinata, Godwin-Austen, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1872, p. 514, pl. 30, f. 1 (as Melanoides). Kopili River, N. Cachar. Beng. vol. 5 (1836), p. 746 (the A. of his Gleanings in Science, vol. 1, pl. 7).—Voy. Bonite, p. 543, pl. 31, f. 13. M. Caroline? Gray, Griffith’s ed. Cuvier, Moll. pl. 13, f. 8 (1833).—M. varicosa, Troschel, Wiegm. Archiv. Nat. 1837, p. 174.—Philippi, Abbild. N. Conch. vol. 1, Mel. pl. 2, f. 2, 3. River Gumti at Gonpur, and Tolly’s Nullah near Calcutta: River Hoogly, Calcutta. 3. M. variabilis (var. echinata), Benson. Assam. 4, M. fuscata, Born, Ind. Test. Vindob. pl. 16, f. 17 (as Helix).—Dillwyn, Des. Cat. Shells, vol. 2, p. 951 (as Helix).—? Helix ater, Chemnitz, Conch. Cab. vol. 9, pt. 2, p. 116, f. 1229 (copied in Wood’s Ind. Test. pl. 34, f. 144 (as H. fuscata).—Bulimus fus- cus, Brug. Ency. Méth. Vers, vol. 1, p. 332. Puniar (or Pannaar) River, Cuddalore. We have seen only two examples of this shell, which seems to have been delineated in Lister’s Hist. Conch. pl. 116, f. 11: they resemble the M. aspirans, var. of Reeve (C. Icon. Mel. f. 585, b.) but are not like the types of Hind’s species. 5. M. variabilis, (var. cincta), Benson. “ Assam’’ (fide Bacon), 6. M. variabilis, (var. aspera), Benson. 543, pl. Oto 2 elie Hindostan. 7. M. Herculea, var. Sowerbii, Gould. _ M. variabilis, Reeve, Conch. Syst. pl. 194, f. 2 (for the unnamed Melania of Sow. Genera Shells).— M. Herculea, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Melan. f. 4. Tenasserim. A remarkable form which approaches almost equally variabilis and Herculea. PLATE CX. MELANIA. 1. M. tigrina, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 18, pt. 2 (1849), p. 658. Affghanistan. Compare this with the M. beryllina, of Brot, from Pondicherry (Rev. and Mag. Zool. 1860, pl. 17, f. 8). CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 45 2. M. tigrina, var. Hutton, W. Himalayah. 3. M. pyramis, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1836), name for the Melania species B, in the Glean. Science Calcutta, vol. 2 (1830), p. 22. River Goomty. The shell figured is from the collection of Benson. We presume not to assert that it is distinct from either tuberculata or tigrina, but it is important to indicate the exact type. 4. M. pyramis, var.—M. adspersa, Troschel, Wiegm. Archiv. Naturg. 1837, p. 175, probably. Shan States. The M. adspersa of Philippi (Abbild. N. Conch. vol. 5, p. 58, Melan. pl. 5, f. 5, 6) said by Brot to be identical with the M. flammigera of the same work (Melan. pl. 3, f. 11) does not equally suit our variable species. Whether Philippi’s specimens come from the Ganges, as stated, may well be doubted. 5. M. Hanleyi, Godwin-Austen, Proce. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 514, pl. 30, f. 2 (as Melanoides). Diyung River, Cachar Hills. Allied to the next, but the prickles are much more numerous. 6. M. Menkiana, Lea, Obs. Unio, vol. 4, p. 24, for M. plicata, Lea, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. (and Obs. Unio, vol. 2, p. 20), pl. 23, f. 95 (mot of Menke, Synops. 1830). Khersasip, N. Cachar. This rare shell may be easily distinguished from the spinous forms of variabilis by the absence of those coarse sulci which gird the base of the latter. It is not the plicata of Reeve’s figure, although two of the three specimens in Cuming’s collection are certainly Indian, and not as stated from New Granada. It should be noticed that Lea’s figure was taken from a large specimen with a cut-down lip, but all doubt as to its identity is removed by the description. The M. spinosa of Benson in Hanley’s Conchological Miscellany (Mel. pl. 1, f. 7) should rather have been referred to this ariabilis. 4 than to varia ee ihe. Ben 7) /, ‘ 7 M. ee a ich. Sch Ceylon. Chi Ar -/U 2p The shells represented in our figures 7 and 10, are both called (but not described as) M. spinulosa by Indian conchologists; yet neither can be positively affiliated to the Lamarckian species from Timor de- lineated in Delessert’s folio. 8, 9. M. jugicostis, Benson’s MS. Tenasserim River. la Lert » - Dotan 10. M. acanthica of Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1858, as of Lea (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 194). Ceylon. The identity of this Melania (named from Dohrn’s type, now in the British Museum) with Lea’s species from the Philippine Island8, may possibly be questioned. * & a Pha h'pf tue tp PLATE CXI. . HELIX. See previous plates xiii to xvi, xxv to xxxii, | to lxiv, Ixxxili to xe. 1. H. Skinneri, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1387.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 219. Ceylon. 2, 3. H. undosa, var. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865 (vol. 34), p. 68: Cont. Mal. pt. 5 (as Nanina). Shan Hills E. of Ava. The original types (which we had not seen) were much more shagreened, and less wrinkled than this specimen. 4,7. H. ganoma, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853, p- 124: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 22.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1267.—H. Juliana, Pfeif. in Kust. ed. Chem. Helix, pl. 33, f. 15. Ceylon. Very near the common and variable Juliana of Gray (rosacea of Sowerby’s description in Beechey) to which Pfeiffer preferentially refers the Dufourei of Grateloup (changed from citrinoides, Grat.) in the Act. Lin. Bordeaux, vol. 11, p. 407, pl. 1, f. 2. 5. H. bajadera, Pfeiffer, Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 52; vol. 4, p. 250.—Reeve, Conch, Icon. Helix, f. 388. Bougal. West tutia . 6. H. intumescens, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1866 (vol. 36), p. 833: Cont. Mal. pt. 6 (as Nanina, section Ariophanta).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 321. Mahableshwar, W. Ghats of Hindostan. 46 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE CXII. HELIX. 1, 2, 3. H. decussata, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836 (vol. 5) p. 350 (as Nanina).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 70.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. | 743. Bena Khasi Will. 4,5, 6. H. Sisparica, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1866 (vol. 36), p. 34 (as Nanina).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 122. Sispara Ghat, Nilgherries. Our figure is taken from a type lent us by Mr. W. Blanford, to whose liberality and profound knowledge of Indian -Malacology the authors have been frequently indebted. 7,10. H. anserina, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865 (vol. 32, pt. 2), p. 4, name only. Shan Provinces. The conspicuously punctulate shagreen is an im- portant character. 8, 9. Hl. Andersoni, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1869, p. 446 (as Plectop.). Bhamo, and Hoetone in Yunan. PLATE CXIII. a ae AMPULLARIA. 1. A. cinerea, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Ampul. f. 94. Ceylon. The throat is usually chestnut, and there are obscure bands under the epidermis as indicated by the description. 2. A. corrugata, Swainson, Zool. Illust. ser. 1, pl. 120 (badly copied in Kuster’s ed. Chemn. Ampul. pl. 1, f. 10). Bengal; Pondicherry, teste Belanger. The only individual known to us agrees fairly with the drawing of Swainson, who having cited, as a synonym, the A. rugosa of Sowerby’s genera (which looks more like globosa) induced Deshayes to identify both with his A. spherica (Encycl. Méth. Vers). Can it be an abnormal form of the next species ? 3. A. globosa, Swainson, Zool. Illust. ser. 1, pl. 119.—Philippi, Monog. Ampul. (Kust. ed. Chemn.) p- 8, pl. 1, f. 3.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Amp. f. 46, 47. A common shell which attains much larger dimén- sions than here exhibited: occasionally its peritreme is ‘ tinted with orange red, so as to remind one strongly of Ii ae Crouch’s ideal of A. Guyanensis (Crouch, Lam. pl. A 15, f. 18). The A. rotundata of Say (erroneously Ln a described as American, but with a testaceous oper- VS ans ——&. Calcutta; Rohilkhund; Orissa, &e. - “« Bolt Pape 7 ¥ f2 rae 7 e7 culum) is supposed to be a form of this species. 4, A. globosa, var. spherica, from Moradabad. 5. A. globosa, var. fasciata, from Moradabad. PLATE CXIV. mre re AMPULLARIA. Ae eae ecarinata, Swainson, Zool. Ill. ser. 2, from which Philip. Mon. Ampul. (in Kust. ed. Chemn.) pl. 1, f. 2—? Reeve, Conch. Icon, Ampul. f. 58. Ceylon. This is not the species so named by Lamarck (as the Cyclostoma carinatum of Olivier) which belongs to the sinistral genus Lanistes. It is chiefly distinguishable from the next species by the greater breadth of the penult whorl, and the sharper sutural angulation. 2. A. Malabarica, Philippi (not Reeve), Mon. Ampul. (Kust. ed. Chemn.) p. 39, pl. 7, f. 8. Cochin, Malabar; Bombay. Very closely allied to the preceding, and not im- probably a local variety. Yet the upper whorls of the spire (which is more exserted) are rounded. The young type of Reeve’s Malabarica (f. 67) does not exhibit the flat infrasutural ledge referred to by Philippi. The A. pallens of Philippi (Kust. ed. Chemn. Ampul. p. 32) may possibly prove the variety we have received from Cashmire. Reeve’s A. canaliculata, said to have been taken in Cashmire, seems the young of A. speciosa. 3. A. Tischbeini, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1858. Ceylon. Copied from the type in the British Museum. 4, A. Layardi, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Ampul. f. 27, 40. Ceylon. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 47 Our specimen bears more resemblance to the charac- teristic variety f. 40, than to the less strikingly distine- tive figure 27 in Reeve’s Iconica. 5, A. Paludinoides, Philippi, Kust. ed. Chemn. Ampul. p. 27, pl. 7, f. 4 (as of De Cristofori and Jan).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Ampul. f. 9. Mangalore; near Moulmein; Pegu. Jan’s species should be ignored, for it is so inade- quately defined, that his description would suit half a score of Ampullarie: it is not likely to be the shell here figured, as it is called umbilicated and South American. 6, 7. A. Paludinoides, var. A peculiar banded form from Pegu. Figure 7 reminds us of the Reevean (Conch. Icon. Ampul. f. 10) ideal of A. conica, a Singapore shell, which Mr. Hanley carefully identified with the young original type, and figured in his Conchological Miscellany. Von Martens states that Reeve’s ideal is not that of Pfeiffer in his Novitates. PLATE CXV. AMPULLARIA, and PALUDINA. For Paludine see previous plates Ixxvi, Ixxvii. 1. A. nux, Reeve, Conch. Icon, Ampul. f. 132. Small streams from Bore Ghat; Bombay ; Dekkan. 2.-A. Theobaldi, Hanley. Bieerth? omBegn? INA This magnificent shell was given to Mr. Hanley by his coadjutor, but the precise locality was mislaid. 3.~A. Saxea, Reeve, Conch. Icon, Ampul. f. 108. Bassein, Pegu. 4, A. Saxea, var. Reeve. Pegu. Our specimen is selected from its extreme dissimi- larity to the preceding, yet the spire is occasionally even still more depressed. 5. A. Woodwardi, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1858, Ceylon. The only two individuals known to us are in the British Museum. 6. A, meesta, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Ampull. f. 92. Ceylon. Our figure was taken from the Cumingian type, now in the British Museum, 7. P. digona, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 445. River Irawaddy, Birmah. The individual here figured exhibits the distinctive features in a remarkable degree. The author alludes to the possibility of his shell being a variety of dis- similis; its affinities seem rather zonata, filosa and lineolata. 8. P. variata, Frauenfeld, Verhandl. Zool. Bot. Wien, 1862, p. 1163 (as Vivipara v.). The individual figured was the original Pondicherry specimen named by the author: Reeve’s (Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 58) seems either a squat form of dissimilis or Remussil. 9. P. Ceylanica, Dohrn, var. ecarinata. Common in Ceylon. PLATE CXVI. TANYSIPHON, SCAPHULA, NOVACULINA. 1, 4. T. rivalis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1858 (ser. 3, vol. 1), p. 407, pl. 12, B. f. 1 to 3. From mud at low-water in streams near Calcutta. 2, 3. S. Delta, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 56, pt. 2, pl. 14, f. 7-10: Cont. Mal. pt. 8, p. 21, pl. 3, f. 7-10. Banks of the Irawaddy, Pegu. 5, 6. S. pinna, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856 (ser. 3, vol. 17), p. 128.—Blanf. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 36, pt. 2, pl. 14, f. 11-18. Tenasserim River. 7. N. Gangetica, Benson, Glean, Science Calcut. vol. 2 (1830, Feb.), p. 63 (as genus Novaculina) : Ann. Nat. Hist. 1858 (ser. 3, vol. 1), pl. 12, B. f. 4. 8, 9. S. celox, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5 (1836), p. 759 (as figured in Glean. Se. Calcutta), vol. 1, pl. 7, f. 2, 3: An. Nat. Hist. 1856, p. 129.— Blanf. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 36, pt. 2, pl. 14, f. 14, 15. River Jumna, near Bundelkhund, &c. Dr The generic appellation of Scaphula was proposed by Benson for this shell, in the fifth volume of the Zoolo- gical Journal (1884) without any specific denomination. River Jumna at Humeerpore, Bundelenanai Se Ke 48 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 10. N. Gangetica? var. Theobaldi, Benson. Tenasserim River: Pegu. This was regarded by Benson as a large variety of his Gangetic species: it looks distinct,but without more specimens its separation would, perchance, be un- advisable, PLATE CXVII. ACMELLA, HYDROCANA, OPISTHOSTOMA. 1. A. tersa, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1853 (ser. 2, vol. 11), p. 285 (Cyclostoma).—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 158, (as Hydrocena).—Acicula t. Blanf. An. Nat. Hist. 1869 (ser. 4, vol. 3), pl. 16, f. 2. In moss from Khasi Hills. 2. H. Blanfordiana, Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1873 (vol. 41, pl. 2), p. 332, pl. 11, f 5, 6. Ataran Valley, near Moulmein. 3. H. pyxis, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856 (ser. 2, vol. 17), p. 232.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 161. Thyet Myo, Birmah: near Henzada, Pegu. 4. H. illex, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1856 (ser. 2, vol. 17), p. 231.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 161. "Phyctaiies: Phie Than, Tenasserim. 5. H. frustillum, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 6), p. 193.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 251 (as Georissa). Ava, 6. H. Rawesiana, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 6), p. 193.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 252 (as Georissa).—Th. and Stol. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872 (vol. 41, pt. 2), p. 382 (as Georissa). Near Moulmein. 7. H. saritta, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1851 (ser. 2, vol. 8), p.188 (as Cyclostoma),—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 314 (ditto). Near Cherra Poongee, Garo Hills, beyond Eastern boundaries of Bengal. oO . O. Fairbankii, Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, p. 448, pl. 38, f. 14. Near Khandalla, Western Ghats, between Bombay and Poonah. 9. O. macrostoma, Beddome’s MS. in Blanf. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1869 (vol. 38), p. 139, pl. 16, f. 7. Bramagiri Hills, Wynaad, not far from the Malabar Coast. 10. O. Nilgiricum, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861 (vol. 29), p. 121; Cont. Mal. Ind. pt. 1, p. 5: Proc. Zool. Soc. 1866, pl. 18, f. 13. Pykara, top of Nilgherries, in fallen leaves. PLATE CXVIII. CLAUSILIA. See previous plate, xxiv. 1. C. Ceylanica, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863 (ser. 3, vol. 11), p. 89.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p- 427.—Blanf. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872 (vol. 41, pt. 2), pl. 9, f. 4. Southern parts of Ceylon. The whorls are densely set with longitudinal raised wrinkles, which are spirally decussated on the final volution, 2, 3. C. Gouldiana, Pfeiffer, Mal. Blit. vol. 3 (1856), p. 259: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 724: Novit Conch. vol. 1, pl. 34, f. 18 to 20. Mergui: near Moulmein, British Birmah. This may be the insignis of Gould (not of Pfeiffer). 4. C. ovata, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872 (vol. 41, pt. 2), p. 206, pl. 9, f. 17. "Fesohu, Bieeh. Noteng Ail, rm iggy 5, 6. C. ferruginea, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872 (vol. 41, pt. 2), p. 202, pl. 9, f. 7. Naga Hills, and North Cachar. 7. C. monticola, Godwin-Austen, in Blanford’s monograph in the J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872 (vol. 41, pt. 2), p. 205, pl. 9, f. 13. North Cachar. 8, 9. C. Arakana, Theobald, in Stolic. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872 (vol. 41, pt. 2), p. 210, pl. 9, f 20. Aracan Hills; Mai-i, Sandoway. 10. C. Philippiana, Pfeiffer, Zeits. Mal. 1847, p- 69: Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 43: Kuster’s ed. Chemn. Claus. p. 100, pl. 11, f. 7, 8, 9.—Blanf. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872 (vol. 41, pt. 2), pl. 9, f. 14. Moulmein, and near Mergui.? CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE CXIX. DIPLOMMATINA. 1, 4. D. Austeni, Blarford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1868, p. 81, pl. 3, f. 2: Cont. Mal. pt. 9. Cherra Poonji, and Maotherichan, in Hills. 2,3. D. oligopleuris, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. 1868, p. 82, pl. 3, f. 4. Kumah Hill, Aracan: Teria Ghat, S. side of Khasi Hills. and D7 6a De Blanfordi,,Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 5), p. 460.—Pfeif: Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p: 9: Darjiling. 7. D. pullula, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 3, vol. 3), p. 182.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 9. Rungung on the West of Darjiling. Khasi Beng. 8. D. Sherfaiensis, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 3, pl. 1, f. 3. Khasi Hills. 9. D. labiosa, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1868, p- 80, pl. 2, f. 8: Cont. Mal. pt. 9. Khasi and Garo Hills. 10. D. exilis, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1862 (vol. 52), p. 825,—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 10. Mya Leit Doung, Ava, Birmah. PLATE CXX, DIPLOMMATINA. 1, 4. D. gibbosa, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1868, p. 80, pl. 2, f. 4: Cont. pt. 9. Habiang ‘pf Garo Hills. D. Jaintiaca, Godwin-Austen, J. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 4 (as the nov. spec. of vol. 37, pt. 2, pl. 3, f. 5). Khasi Hills. 5, 6. D. depressa, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 2, pl. 1, f. 2. Khasi Hills. 7. D. semisculpta, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1868, p. 78, pl. 1, f. 6 :" Cont. Mal. pt. 9. Darjiling. 2; 3. Asi. 49 8, 9. D. costulata, Hutton MSS. (as Carychium) in Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1849 (ser. 2, vol. 4), p- 194.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 122. W. Subjfimalayah ; Landour. 10. D. ungulata, H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 42, pl. 2, f. 7. Darjiling. PLATE CXXI. PALUDOMUS. See previous plate, cviii. I. P. erinaceus, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 128.—Tanalia e. Layard, Proc. Zool. 1854, p. 91. Ceylon. 2. P. loricata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. vol. 4, Palud. f. 1, b, c-—Tanalia e. Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 91: In rapids flowing from Adam’s Peak and Calloo ganga, above Ratnapoora, Ceylon. 3. P. undata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 2, In rapids flowing from Adam’s Peak, Ceylon. 4. P. Skinneri, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p. 124. Ceylon. 5. P. erea, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 128.— Tanalia erea, Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854. Mountain streams of Ceylon. 6. P. Layardi, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p- 128. Mountain streams of Ceylon. 7. PB. Reevei, Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854 (as Tanalia), p. 92. The Calloo ganga, Ratnapoora, Ceylon. 8, 9. P. melanostoma, Thorpe MSS. Ceylon. 10. P. regalis, Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 93 (as Philopotamis). Stream in the Cnia Corle, Western province, Ceylon. PLATE CXXII. PALUDOMUS. 1. P. similis, Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc Tanalia) p. 92. A mountain torrent at Kandangamoa, near Ratnapoora, Ceylon. 1854 (as 50 2. P. suleata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 8. In a mountain stream at Ratnapoora, Ceylon. 3. P. distinguenda, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p- 124. Ceylon. 4, P. solida, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p. 124. Ceylon. 5. P. Tennentii, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 12. In a rocky stream flowing from Adam’s Peak, Ceylon. 6. PB. Gardneri, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 9. In a stream at the foot of Adam’s Peak, Ceylon. 7. P. picta, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 10. In a mountain stream at Ratnapoora, Ceylon. 8. P. Neritoides, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 3. In the bed of a river at Ambegamoa, Ceylon. 9. P. dromedarius, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p. 124. Ceylon. P. stephanus, Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836, vol. 5, p. 747 (as Melania).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 11.—Mel. coronata, Von den Busch, in Philip. N. Conch. vol. 1, Mel. pl. 1, f. 5, 6. 10. Bengeh Khase NUL - PLATE CXXIII. PALUDOMUS. 1. P. fulgurata, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p. 123. Ceylon. This species resembles the P. phasianina of the Sey- chelles. 2. P. Chilinoides, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 7. Ceylon. 3. P. decussata, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 127. Ceylon. 4. P. clavata, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 129. Mountain streams of Ceylon. 5. P. globulosa, Gray, Grif. ed. Cuvier, Mol. pl. 14, f. 6 (as Melania).—Reeve,. Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 4. Ambegamoa, Ceylon. 6. P. lutosa, Souleyet, Voy. Bonite, Zool. p. 350, pl. 31, f. 28, 29, 30. Ganges. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 7. P. acuta, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 127. Near Pondicherry. This and the preceding may prove mere forms of the next species. 8. P. Tanschaurica, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. 3655, for the Helix fluviatilis Tanschaurensis of Chemn. Conch. Cab. vol. 9, p. 174, f. 1243.—Helix fluviatilis, Dillwyn, Des. Cat. Shells, p. 959. Southern India (Coromandel, &c.). 9. P. Paludinoides, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p- 127. SHetsteabeamch-oftheByHret= 10. P. bicincta, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 129. Mountain streams of Ceylon. PLATE CXXIV. PALUDOMUS. 1. P. nigricans, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 6. In mountain streams at Ceylon. 2,5. P. Maurus, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 127. Ganges. - 4. P. conica, Gray, Grif. ed. Cuvier, Mol. pl. 14, f. 5 (as Melania).—Reeve, Conch. Icon, Palud. f. 14.—Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 5, p. 747.— Mel. crassa, Busch, in Phil. N. Conch. vol. 1, Mel. - pl. 1, f. 10, 11.—P. rudis, Reeve, Proc. Zool. 1852. Sylhet, Bhootan, Assam, &e. 5. P. Reevei, Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854 (as Tanalia), p. 92. The Calloo ganga, Ratnapoora, Ceylon. 6. P. Swainsoni, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p. 125. Ceylon. 7. P. nasuta, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p. 123. Ceylon. Figured from the sole type in the British Museum. 8. P. spheerica, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1857, p. 124. Ceylon. Figured from the unique type described. 9. BP. torrenticola, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1858 . Ceylon. Figured from the type in the British Museum. 10. P. baecula, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 128. —Hanley, Conch. Misc. Melan. f. 63. Branch of the Ganges. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 51 PLATE CXXYV. PALUDOMUS. 1,4. P. funiculata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Palud. f. 13.—Tanalia, f. Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 93 (amended description). In a mountain stream, not far from Ratna- poora, Ceylon. 2, 3. P. pyriformis, Dohrn, Proce. Zool. Soc. 1858, p- 536. Ceylon. 5, 6. P. dilatat&, Reeve, Proe. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 13 7. BP. abbreviata, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p: 127. Ceylon. Forms too near an approach to bicinctus. 8, 9. P. Thwaitesii, Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 92 (as Philopotamis). ; Ceylon. 10. P. Hanleyi, Dohrn, Proce. Zool. Soc. 1858, p. 535. Ceylon. The spiral lines are too minute to be adequately represented. All the Paludomi of this plate have been drawn from the specimens originally described from _ Cuming’s collection (now in the British Museum). PLATE CXXVI. PALUDOMUS. 1, 4. P. constricta, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p- 129. Ceylon. A rather uncertain species, figured, as indeed are many (f. 5, 6, 8, 9,) in this plate, from the Cumingian types. 2,3. P. palustris, Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 89. Ceylon. Remarkable for its granulated surface. 5, 6. P. Cumingiana, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p. 124. Ceylon. Distinguishable from Gardneri, says the author, by its larger mouth, and the deep channel-like impression on the upper part of the whorl. 7, 10. BP. obesa, Philippi, Abbild. Neue Conch. vol. 2, p. 170, Melania, pl. 4, f. 3 (as ?Melania). —P. maculatus, Lea, Proc. Nat. Philadel. vol. 8, p- 110.—Rivulina m. Lea, Journ. Acad. Philad. ser. 2, vol. 6, p. 118, pl. 22, f. 10. Bombay: Ahmednuggur. 8, 9. P. nodulosa, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1857, p- 125. Ceylon. PLATE CXXVII. IG eee Fi to Tey Xe) See previous plates xiii to xvi, xxv to xxxii, | to Ixiv, : lxxxiii to xci, exi, cxii. / ot —Il. H. Waltoni, Reeve, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1842, p. 49: Conch, Syst. vol. 2, pl. 166, f. 2, 8: Conch, Icon. Helix. f. 372.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 19. Ceylon. The ordinary form has a speckled epidermis. 2. “Hi: hemastoma, Linnzus, Syst. Nat. ed. 12, p- 1247.—Chemn. Conch. Cab, vol. 9, f. 1150,1.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 366, b.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 195. Ceylon. There is a black-mouthed variety very different from the true melanotragus. 3. “H. melanotragus, Born (not Reeve), Test. Mus. Vind. p. 388.—H. hemastoma, var., Chemn. Conch. Cab. vol. 9, f. 1052, 3, and Reeve, Conch. Ic. Helix, f. 366, ¢. Ceylon. Born referred solely to Geve (f. 329) for an illus- tration (and it is a characteristic one) of his species, which, whether really distinct, or merely a varietal form of the last, may usually be recognised by its broad white upper band, and the shape of its earlier volutions. 4, H. superba, Pfeiffer, Zeits. Mal. 1850, 1 (le Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 185: Kust. ed. Chemn. Helix, pl. 183, f. 1, 2.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 368. Ceylon. 5. H. fastosa, Albers, Mal. Blit. 1854 (vol. 1), p- 213.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 197. Ceylon. 52 -CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. j 6. “H. phoenix, Pfeiffer, Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 194. —H. melanotragus, var. Reeve, Conch. Ic. Helix, f, 367, b. Ceylon. 7. H. Grevillei, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1856, p- 887, pl. 36, f. 8: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 195. Ceylon. The oblique folds are not constant. link between phcenix and superba. The shell is a PLATE CXXVIII. HELIX. All the figures are somewhat enlarged, and are drawn from the Cumingian types in the British Museum. 1, 4. H. acalles, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1856, p- 327: Mon. Helie. vol. 4, p. 34. Nilgherries. 2, 3. H. carneola, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 148: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 47.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1374. Ceylon. 5, 6. H. convexiuseula, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1855, p. 191: Mon. Heli. vol. 4, p. 35. Ceylon. 7,10. H. Thwaitesi, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1853, p- 125: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 50.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix. f. 1336. Ceylon. 8,9. H. vallicola, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 289: Mon. Helie. vol. 4, p. 46.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1397. Koondah Mountains, near Calicut. PLATE CXXIX. HELIX. All the figures are greatly enlarged. 1, 2, 3. H. euomphalos, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861 (vol. 30), p. 854: Cont. Mal. pt. 2, p. 8.—Pf. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 138. Near Pykara, Nilgherries. 4. H. febrilis, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861 (vol. 30), p. 357, pl. 2,f. 4: Cont. Mal. pt. 2.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 76. Kalryenmullies, Southern India. 5, 6. H. conulus, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng, 1865, pt. 2 (vol. 34), p. 73, and Cont. Mal. pt. 5, p- 9 (as Nanina).—Pf. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 89. Aracan. 7,10. H. tricarinata, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861 (vol. 30), p. 355, pl. 1, f 10: Cont. Mal. pt. 2, p. 9.—Pfeif. Mon. Helie. vol. 5, p. 91. Near Pykara, Nilgherries. 8,9. H. miceyla, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 5), p. 384.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p- 53. Matelle, Ceylon. PLATE CXXX. HELIX. 1, 4. H. Bactriana, Hutton, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1849 (vol. 17, pt. 2), p. 65: Pfeif. Mon. Helic, vol. 4, p. 128.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix. f. 1376. Candahar. 2, 3. H. vidua, Blanford, MSS. Khasi Hills. 5, 6, 7. H. Patane, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1859 (ser. 3, vol. 3), p. 270: Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p-11 3: Mal. Blit. 1859, p. 22. Darjiling. 8, 9. The only example known to Mr. Hanley in Eng- land having been utterly smashed, he does not dare to identify the species. Its sculpture was remarkable. 10. H. vittata, Miiller, Hist. Verm. pt. 2, p. 75.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 412.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 432 (with synonymy). Ceylon, and Malabar. A very variable shell, often without bands, too well known to require much illustration. PLATE CXXXI. HELIX. 1, 2, 3. H. Feddeni, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, pt. 2 (vol. 30), p. 75; Cont. Mal. pt. 5, p. 11. —Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 398. Near Prome, Pegu. 4. H. trifasciata, Chemitz, Conch. Cab. vol. 11, f. 3018, 3019% ed. Kuster, Helix, p. 108, pl. 84, f. “90, 21, and pl.136, £13. Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol v 8, p. 76.—H. levipes, var. Férus., Hist. Moll. pl. 92, f. 4. Malabar, Tranquebar. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA, 53 5, 6. H. Candaharica, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1849 (vol. 17, pt. 2), p. 630.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 165.—Reeve, Conch, Icon. Helix, f. 456. Candahar. 7, 10. H. Shiplayi, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1856, p- 827: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 39. Beypur, Anamullay Hills. 8, 9. H. asperella, Pfeiffer, Symb. pt. 3, p. 36: Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 364: Kust. ed. Chemn. pl. 82, f. 22 to 25.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 732. Bundelkhund, PLATE CXXXII. HELIX. 1, 4. H. clathratula, Pfeiffer, Zeitsch. Malak, 1850, p- 67: Mon. Helic. vol. 3. p.115.—Bens. Ann. Nat. Hist. 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 5), p. 247.—Reeve, Conch. Tcon. Helix, f. 336.—H. puteolus, Bens. Ann. Nat. Hist. 1853 (ser. 2, vol. 12), p. 92.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Helix, f. 1334. Ceylon. 2, 3. H. nepos, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1855, p. 91: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p, 24. Ceyion. 5, 6. H. injussa, W. and H. BjJanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, vol. 80, p. 358, pl. 1, f. 13: Cont. Mal. pt. 2.—Pfeif. Mon. Helie. vol. 5, p. 181. Coonoor Ghat, Nilgherries. 7. H. liricincta, Dheobebdeeet Stol. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 241, pl. 18, f. 10 (as Conulema), Near Moulmein. 5 ek sericate, Godwin-Austin, Proce. Zool. Soc. 74 Nia N. Cachar. The author, to whose courtesy we are much in- debted, proposes to describe this remarkable shell in the Zoological Proceedings as a Plectopylis. 10. H. Bensoni, Von dem Busch in Philip. Abbild. N. Conch. vol. 1, p, 11, Helix, pl. 1, f. 7.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 1, p. 216. Bengal (teste Pfeiffer): Khasia Hills, Will possibly be considered a variety of serrulata. PLATE CXXXIII. MEGALOMASTOMA, RAPHAULUS, STREPTAULUS, HELICINA, CLOSTOPHIS. See previous plate vii, for Megalomastoma, and vi, for Helicina. 1. M. funiculatum, var. Benson. For typical form see pl. vii. f. 2. 2, 3. M. pauperculum, Benson, in Sow. Thesaur. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 262, f. 22.—Pfeif. Mon, Pneum. vol. 2, p. 85. Himelayer, RBhutar Figured from the unique type ; very near to the last species. 4, R. pachysiphon, Theobald and Stolic. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872, vol. .xli. pt. 2, p. 329, pl. Rival Near Moulmein, Martaban. 5, 6. S.. Blanfordi, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19 (1857), p. 201.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 92.—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 265, f. 8, 9. Near Darjiling in Sikkim Himalayah. 7. R, chrysalis, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 158 (as Cyclostoma): Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p, 92.— Bens. Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 17 (1856), p. 342 (as Anaulus).—Sow. Thes. Conch, vol. 3, pl. 2465, f. 6, 7—Pollicaria ec. Gould, Otia, p. 221. sewer: near Moulmein, 8, 9. H. serupulum, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1863, ser. 3, vol. 12, p. 425.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 239. Andaman Islands. We have figured the unique type. 10. Clostophis Sankeyi, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1860, ser. 3, vol. 5, p. 95.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 12. The farm-caves near Moulmein. Only a single and somewhat imperfect specimen (possibly a monstrosity) has been found: it reminds us somewhat of an imperfect Opisthostoma. PLATE CXXXIV. PTEROCYCLOS (including SPIRACULUM, &c.) See previous plates x, xlix. 1. P. Feddeni, Benson. See previous plate v. f. 9. 54 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 2,3, 4. P. pullatus, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1856, ser. 2, vol. 17, p. 227.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 81.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Pter. f. 16. Akoutong Sear Irawadi. 5, 6. P. (Sp.) Beddomei, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 38, 1866, pt. 2, p. 31: Cont. Mal. pt. 6 (as Spiraculum). Near Vizagapatam, Presidency of North Madras. 7,10. P. cetra, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1856, ser. 2, vol. 17, p. 228.—Reeve, Conch, Icon. Pter. f. 11. Moulmein. 8, 9. P. (Sp.) Avanus, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1863, vol. 32, p. 319: Cont. Mal. pt. 4. (as Spira- culum). Shan Hills, East of Ava: Kimety Hills, PLATE CXXXV. CRASPEDOTROPIS, JERDONIA, CHEILUS, CYATHOPOMA. LAGO- See previous plate Ixxxii (for Cyathopoma), and vi (for Lagocheilus). 1, 4. Cr. cuspidatus, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1851, ser. 2, vol. 8, p. 189 (as Cyclostoma).—Pfeif. in Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclos. pl. 49, f. 21, 22, 23, and Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 313 (as Cycl.), vol. 2, p. 62 (as Cycloph.)—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cyel. f. 39 (as Cycloph.)—Cras. ¢c. Blanf. Ann, Nat. 1864, June. Nilgherries. 2. Lag. leporinus, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, pt. 2, vol. 34, p. 82, and Cont. Mal. pt. 5, (as Cycloph. section Lagoc.). Akoutong, Pegu. 3. J.? Phayrei, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 396. Shan: South Canara. When in very fine condition the hairs are much elongated. 5, 6. J. trochlea, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1851, ser. 2, vol. 8, p. 189 (as Cyclos. ).—Cyclostomus tr. Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 116: Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclos. pl. 49, f. 29, 30. Nilgherries. 7. Cy. procerum, Blanford, Journ. Conch. 1868, p. 262, ply 12) f18: Beypoor, Malabar. 8, 9. Cy. Kolamulliense, W. and-H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, vol. 30, p. 351, pl. 1, f 4, and Cont. Mal. pt. 2 (as? Jerdonia K.): Ann. Nat. 1864, June.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 28 (as Cyclotus). Kolamullay Hills. Mr. W. Blanford has kindly identified our specimen, which does not quite agree with the figure in the Journal de Conchyliologie (1868, pl. 12, f. 5). 10. Cy. Coonoorense, Blanford, Journ. Conch. 1868, p. 261, pl 12, f. 6. Krore Mund, top of Nilgherries. PLATE CXXXVI. MYCHOPOMA and DITROPIS. 1, 4. M. hirsutum, Beddome, in Blanford’s Cont. Mal. Ind. pt. 10,in Jour. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1869, vol. 38, pt. 2, p. 182, pl. 16, f 5, as Cyclophorus (Myc.). : ~~ €alead and Myhendra Hills. 2,3. M. limbiferum, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1869, vol. 38, pt. 2, p. 133, pl. 16, f. 4: Cont. Mal. pt. 10 as Cyclophoras (Myc.). Tops of Pulney Hills. 5, 6. D. planorbis, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1869, vol. 38, pt. 2, p. 126, pl. 16, f. 1, as Cyclo- phorus (Dit.). Calcad Hills, limits of Travancore. 7, 10. D. convexus, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1869, vol. 38, pt. 2, p. 128, pl. 16, f. 3: and Cont. Mal. pt. 10, and as Cyclophorus. Calead Hills, limits of Travancore. 8, 9. D. Beddomei, Blanford, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng- 1869, vol. 88, pt. 2, p. 127, pl. 16, f. 2, and Cont. Mal. pt. 10, as Cyclophorus (Dit.). Travancore. PLATE CXXXVII. NAVICELLA. 1,4. N. compressa, Pearson’s MSS. in Benson, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1836, vol. 5, p. 749.—N. lineata, var. Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 2, pl. 118, f, 25. River Hoogly. The Patella Aponogetonis of Vahl (Skrift. Nat. Selskab. vol. 4, pt. 2, p. 153) is probably the young of this, or of the next species. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 55 2,3, 7. N. cseruleseens, Récluz, in Sow. Thes. Conch. p- 550, pl. 118, f. 29.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Navic. f. 29, 37.—N. orientalis, Reeve, do. f. 33 (young).—N. tessellata, Bens. (not well of Lam.) Journ. Asi. Beng. Soc. 1836 (vol. 5). Ganges, Beeel. mitt tedak woflurrcee, 5 This probably was the Gangetic form of the La- marckian elliptica referred to by Troschel (Wiegm. Arch. Nat. 1837). 5,6. N. reticulata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Navic. f. 20; and N. eximia, f. 26. Ceylon. vol. 2, 8,9. N. Livesayi, Dohrn, Proc. Zool, Soc. 1858, p. 3d. Ceylon. Drawn from the originals in the late Cumingian collection. 10. N. ecxrulescens, var., Récluz, in Sow. Th. Conch. vol. 2, pl. 118, f. 36, 38. PLATE CXXXVIII. CORBICULA. 1, 4. C. Bensoni, Deshayes, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1854, p. 345: Cat. Brit. Mus. Vener. p. 220. River Jumna. Apparently rare, and notable for its general smooth- ness; it has occasionally indistinct, interrupted radiating lines. 2,3. C. Cashmirensis, Deshayes, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 344: Cat. Brit. Mus. Vener. p. 224. Beloochistan, Avantipura, Cashmire, &e. &c. 5, 6. C. regularis, Prime, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1860, p- 321. Madras, Deccan, in brackish water. 7,10. C. striatella, Desh. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 344: Cat, Brit. Mus. Vener. p. 224.—Hanley, Photog. Conch.—Prime, Ann. Lyc. 1864, vol. 8, p. 74, f. 22.—C. violacea, Prime, do. 1861, p. 28, teste Prime. Pondicherry, &c. 8, 9. C. oecidens, “Benson” in Desh. Cat. Brit. Mus. Vener. p. 225.—Hanley, Photog. Conch.— Prime, Ann. Lyc. N.Y. 1866, vol. 8, p. 220, f. 51. Sikkim: Bundelkhund, &c. Has sometimes (yet rarely) linear rays of rufous brown on its yellowish ground colour. PLATE CXXXIX. DIPLOMMATINA.,. See previous plates cxix, cxx. 1. D. tumida, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 6, pl. 2, f. 2. Khasi Hills. 2, 3. D. scalaris, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1868, p- 79, pl. 2, f. 2: Cont. Mal. pt. 9. Garo Hills, W. of Khasi. 4, D. parvula, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 5, pt. 1, f. 5. Khasi Hills. 5, 6. D. Huttoni, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 157 : Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 123 :; Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclos. pl. 48, f. 36, 37. Mussoorie. 7. D. Jatingana, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. MUSA Fo dle jal aly ay ale Khasi Hills, 8, 9. D. Puppensis, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1862, vol. 32, p. 324; Ann. Nat. Hist. 1864, June. Puppa Hill, Upper Birmah. 10. D. insignis, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 6, pt. 2, f. 1. Shon-States: KheeiHille, Asal . Naga Wilh i PLATE CXL. DIPLOMMATINA. 1. D. nana, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, pt. 2, vol. 34, p. 85. Akoutong, Thondoung, Yenandoung, Henzada district, Pegu: near Moulmein. 2, 3. D. diplocheilos, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19 (1857+ p. 202.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 10, Novit. Conch. vol. 1, pl. 37, f. 13, 14, 15. Teria Ghat, Khasi Hills. 4. D. carneola, Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 152, pl. 6,f. 3. Damotha, near Moulmein. 5, 6. D. pachycheila, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1857, ser. 2, vol. 19, p. 203.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 10: Novit. Conch, vol. 1, pl. 37, f. 16, 17, 18. Darjiling. 7. D. angulata, Theobald and Stolic. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872, vol. 41, pt. 2, p. 331, pl. 11, f. 3. Near Moulmein, Martaban. 56 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 8, 9. D. folliculus, Pfeiffer, Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 122 (previously in Symbol. Helic. pt. 3, p. 83, as Bulimus), vol. 2, p. 10: Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclos. pl. 48, f. 32, 33. Landour ; Simla. 10. D. polypleuris, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 19, 1857, p. 203.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 11.—G. Austen, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, p. 4, pl. 1,f. 4, var. levior. Nanclai hk Ponji ; Sandoway. PLATE CXLI. DIPLOMMATINA. i. D. Kingiana, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1861, vol. 30, p. 348, pl. 1, f. 2.—Arinia Kin, Pf. Mon. Pneum, vol. 3, p. 91.—D. (Nicida) King. Blanf. J. Cone. 1868. Kohamullay Hills, near Trichinopoli, Southern India. 2. D. liricincta, Blanford, Journ. Conch. 1868, pl. 14, f. 5, as D. (Nicida) lir. Khandullah, between Bombay and Poona, in Syhadri Hills. 3. D. Pulneyana, Blanford, Journ. Conch. 1868, pl. 14, f. 2, as D. (Nicida) Pul. Pulney Hills, Southern India. 4. D. Nilgirica, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1860, vol. 29, p. 124, and 1861, p. 348, pl. 1, f. 1.—Arinia Nil. Pf. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p- 91.—D. (Nicida) Nil. Bl. Journ. Conch. 1868, pl..14, f. 1. Near Pykara, Nilgherries. do. D. nitidula, Blanford, Journ. pl. 14, f. 8, as D. (Nicida) nit. Kulputty Hills, Wynaad, Nilgherries. . D. erispata, Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 153, pl. 6, f. 4, as D. (Palaina) C. Damotha, near Moulmein. 7, 8. D. Richthofeni, Theobald & Stol. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872, vol. 41, pt. 2, p. 331, pl. 11, f. 4. Near Moulmein, Martaban. 9. D. Fairbanki, Blanford, Journ. Conch. 1868, pl. 14, f. 4, as D. (Nicida) F. The unique example being lost, we have copied our figure from the work referred to. 10. D. scalaroides, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng, 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 399, pl. 18, f. 5. Mandalay, Birmah. Conch. 1868, =r) PLATE CXLII. LEPTOPOMA, PTEROCYCLOS. See previous plates vi, cv (for Leptopoma), and y, xlix, Cxxxiv (for Pterocyclas). P 1. L. apicatum, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1856 (ser. 2, vol. 18), p. 95.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p- 78 (copied from Bens.).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Lept. f. 33. Ceylon. 2. L. elatum, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc: 1852, p. 159, and in Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclost. pl: 32, f. 16, 17 (as Cyclost.): Mon. Pneum. vol. 1,.p. 117 (as L.).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Lept. f. 3. Ceylon. 3. L. flammeum, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 127 (as Cyclost.): Mon. Pneum: vol. 2, p. 76 (as Lept.).—Reeve, Conch. Icon: Lept. f. 47 a. Ceylon. Figure 47 6 of Reeve is not satisfactory. We speak - from the type. Our own figure is‘taken from a banded variety. 4. L. ser. orophilum, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1853, 2, vol. 11, p. 106 (as Cyclost.): Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 77 (as L.).—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Lept. f. 51. L. pecilum, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 302 (as Cyclost.): Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 76.— Reeve, Conch. Icon. Lept. f. 46. Ceylon. The name orophilum has priority; pecilum, how- ever, is the more clearly defined species. 5, 6. P. ater, Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 149, pl. 6, f. 2. Kuengan, near Moulmein. 8, 9. P. bifrons, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1855, p- 117: Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 30.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Pter. f. 1. Ceylon. 7,10. P. parvus, Pearson. See plate 5, f. 3 for var. Assamensis. Our figure 7 represents the smaller and more typical form of parvus, 10 that of the variety which Benson mistook for the P. Albersi. The provision-' ally named but undescribed P. Arakanensis (Blanford in J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, p. 98: Cont. Mal. Ind. pt. 5) differs little from the variety Assamensis. CONCHOLOGTA INDICA. PLATE CXLIII. CYCLOPHORUS. See other plates i to iv, xxxili, xxxiv, xlvii, xlviii, ; . civ, ev, cliv, elv. 1, 4. C. annulatus, Troschel, in Pfeif. Zeits. Malak. 1847, p. 150.—Pf. Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 98: Kust. ed. Chemn. Cyclost. pl. 29, #. 14, 15. Koondah Mountains: Ceylon. In the earlier description, which differs considerably from that in Pfeiffer’s Monographs, no interrupted peripheral band (as in Kust. pl. 22) is suggested; we prefer, then, to assign the name annulatus to that much more ringed form which we have figured. 2,3. C. parma, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. 18 (1856), p. 94.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 59. Ceylon. Allied to cratera and cytopoma: the very closely coiled operculum of the former has (it is said) two more whorls; the peristome of the latter is not double. 5,6. C. tristis, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 38, p. 154, pl. 16, f. 9 (as Pterocycl.). S. Canara. The discovery of the operculum forces us to re- move this abnormal species from that genus to which it was first assigned. 7, 10. C. Shiplayi, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1856, p. 337 : Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 68.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cyclop. f. 85. Nilgherries. Figured from the original types in the British Museum, which are very possibly immature. | 8, 9. C. Inglisianus, Stoliczka, Journ. Asi. Soc. | Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 148, pl. 6, f. 1. Damotha, near Moulmein. PLATE CXLIV. | CYCLOPHORUS. 1. C. fulguratus, var. Pfeiffer. See previous figure on plate 1X0. fulguratus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Cyclop. f. 35, ce. d.—Pfeif. Novit. pl. 98, ti ISB The original type of fulguratus was the young shell figured by Pfeiffer in his monograph in Kuster’s edition of Martini and Chemnitz (Cycl. pl. 45, f. 9, xPh fir pe 10), and by Reeve in his Iconica (Cyclop. f. 35, a,b). EY @eNuZ 7 2. C. Theobaldianus, var. Benson. Birmah, Almost a link between Theobaldianus and spe- ciosus. 3, 4. C. Phayrei, Theobald, MSS. Moulmein, Birmah, Reminds one of Ceylanicus, and a little of Haugh- toni, of which one writer considers it a variety. 5. C. alabastrinus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 126 (as Cyclost.) ; Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 41; Novit. Conch. vol. 1, pl. 1, f. 4, 5. “ Ceylon”? We doubt both the locality and the distinctiveness of this dead shell, but figure the better of the speci- mens in the British Museum. 6. C. ophis, Hanley, Pr. Zool. Soc. 1875. Tenasserim. Somewhat allied to C. tuba, but quite distinct. 7. C. serratizona, Thorp, MSS. lye B hatltalas i: Eppes Salwén (Theobald). The jagged edge of the white band forms a con- spicuous, yet perhaps not permanent feature. The shell, which has a white aperture, and a large um- bilical area, comes between Phayrei and polynema: the faint close spiral ruge seem confined to the upper disc. xcept in shape it might be taken for C. labiosus. <— i a PLATE CXLYV. CYCLOPHORUS, ALYCAHUS, OMPHALO- TROPIS, CATAULUS, CYATHOPOMA. See for Alyczus plates xci to xevil, ciii; for Cataulus evi, exlvi; for Cyathopoma Ixxxii, exxxy. 1,4. Al. expatriatus, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1860, vol. 29, p. 123.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 52. Neddowuttum Ghat, north of Nilgherries, and var. from Shevroys. 2,3. Al. Kurzianus, Theobald and Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872, vol. 41, pt. 2, p. 330, pl. 11, f. 3. Nattoung, Prome. 5, 7. Cye. subplicatulus, Beddome, Pr. Zool. Soc. 1875, p. 452, pl. 53, £. 26, 27. Ceylon (teste Beddome), 6. Cat. marginatus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1853, I f Speecertuct PLE prem Sabana bly pong 58 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. p. 52; Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 90.—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 4, 5. Ceylon. 8. Cyat. Ceylanicum, Beddome, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1875, p. 450, pl. 52, f. 20. Near Rambadda Falls, Ceylon. 9. Cyat. vitreum, Beddome, Proce. Zool. Soc. 1875, p. 449, pl. 53, £. 21, 22. Tinneyelly district, S. India. 10. O. distermina, Benson, An. Nat. H. 1863, Dec. —Pfeif. Mon. Pn. vol. 3, p. 178. Andamans (one specimen, here figured). PLATE CXLVI. CATAULUS, CREMNOCONCHUS. See previous plate (for Cataulus) cyi. 1. Cat. leucocheilus, Adams and Reeve, in Sow. Thes. C. vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 14. Ceylon (coll. Beddome). 2. Cat. recurvatus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1862, p- 116, pl. 12, f. 2: Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 88.— Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 16. Anamallay forest, foot of Nilgherries. ive) . Cat. eurytrema, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zoal. Soc. 1852, p. 145, pl. 13, f. 5 (badly).—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 17. Ceylon: Travancore (Beddome). 4. Cat. Nietneri, Nevill, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 39, pt. 2°(1871); pl.l, £7, 7, a. Ceylon. The original was drawn from a depanperated variety. ~—5. Cat. pyramidatus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, pl. 15, f. 4 (badly): Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 88.—Sow. Thes. Conch. vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 10. Ceylon. The distinctness of this from Austenianus may be doubted. 6. Cr. Syhadrensis, Blanford, An. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 12, p. 184. On hills opposite Bombay. 7. Cr. Fairbanki, Blanford. An accident to our manuscript at the time of going to press prevents our saying where (if at all) this . species has been published. 8, 9. Cr. conicus, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 10, pl. 3, f. 3, 4. Torna, near Poona. 10. Cr. carinatus, Layard, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 94 (as Anculotus).—Blanf. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 10, pl. 3, £. 3, 4. Mahableshwar Hills, Bombay Presidency... Originally described from a young shell. PLATE CXLVII. SOPHINA, HYPSELOSTOMA. See plate viii for Hypselostoma. 1, 4. S. forabilis, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1 (as Helix), amended 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 5), p. 27. —Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 112 (as H.).— Stolic. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871 (vol. 40, pt. 2), p. 257, pl. 19, f. 10.—Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 7, p. 117 (as Hel.). Phai Than, Tenasserim Valley, and Damatha Cavern, near Moulmein. 2, 3. S. Calias, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1859 (as Helix), ser. 3, vol. 3, p. 473, amended 1860 (ser. 3, vol. 5), p. 26—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 112 (as H.). Farm caves, near Moulmein. 5, 6. S. schistostelis, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. 3, 1859, p. 475 (as Helix), amended An. Nat. 1860, ser. 3, vol. 5, p. 27 (as S.).— Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 111 (as H.).—S. Calias, Stolic. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 255, pl. 19, f. 1, 4, 7, 9, text copied Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 7, p. 116. Near Moulmein. 7. S. Calias, Benson, var. discoidalis.—S. discoi- dalis, Stolic. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 258, pl. 19, f. 15, 11, 12.—Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 7, p. 117 (as Helix). On limestone hills, 8. of Moulmein. Benson’s type of the true Calias was quite different from that supposed to be it by Stoliczka: hence his erroneous introduction of S. discoidalis to nomen- clature. “2 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 8,9. S. conjungens, Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 259, pl. 19, f. 6, 13, text copied Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 7, p. 118. South of Moulmein. 10. H. Dayanum, Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p: 172, pl. 7, f. 2. Damotha, near Moulmein. Our figure is merely copied from the one here cited. PLATE CXLVIII. BULIMUS. See previous plates xix to xxiii, Ixxix, Ixxx. 1,4. B. (Hapalus) Munipurensis, Godwin- Austen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 516, pl. 30, | iby to Hengdan Peak in the Munipur boundary. 3. B. Caleadensis, Beddome MSS. in Blanf. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 18. Travancore. )» 2 =“) 5. B. Mavortius, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim. f. 561.—Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 3, p. 423. Ceylon. 6. B. Bengalensis, Lamarck. Anim. s. Vert. See pl. 80, f. 7. We here figure the typical two-banded form de- lineated in Delessert’s folio. 7. B. (Hapalus) Khasianus, Godwin-Austen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 516, pl. 30, f. 7. Khasi, Jaintea and Naga Hills. 8. B. adumbratus, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, | p-. 291: Mon. Pneum. vol. 4, p. 472. Ceylon. Our pretermissus, var. (pl. 19, f. 4) runs into this: the type here delineated is in the British | Museum. 9. B. Ceylanicus, var. A very beautifully painted form, which will by some be considered a distinct species, by others re- ferred to physalis. a es = Sehimberes Sf 10. B. Andamanicus, Thorp, MSS. Andaman Islands. This manuscript name has been tardily accepted, for although the shell has been regarded by some 59 as the contrarius of Miiller, his description does not at all apply to our specimen. The aperture is white with a broad purple lake band above the pillar. For the sinistral Bulimi of Asia the student is referred to Von Martens in the zoology of “Die Preussiche Ex- pedition nach Ost-Asien.”’ PLATE CXUIX. HELIX. See previous plates xiii to xvi, xxv to xxxii, 1 to lxiv, Ixxxiii to xc, exi, Cxii, exxvii to exxxi. 1. H. hebescens, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1866 (vol. 36), p. 34, and Cont. Mal. pt. 6, p. 4 (as Nanina).—Pfeif. Mon. Helie. vol. 5, p. 78. Anamallay Hills, 8. India. 2, 3. H. subcornea, Pfeif.. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p- 20: Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 103: Mal. Blat. 1860, p. 232. 9 Phie Than (Theobald). , Very near H. resplendens of Philippi, and probably , more abundant in Siam than at Phie Than. 4, H. Phidias, Thorp, MSS. Upper Ouvah, Ceylon (F, Layard). Pfeiffer had confused this and hyphasma in the Cumingian collection : its smooth marble-like surface does not agree with the expression “ sulcis remoti- oribus spiralibus quasi texta.” 5, 6. H. lixa, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1866, vol. 36, p. 35 (as Nanina).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 79. Anamallay Hills, Southern India. 7. H. Travancorica. 5, 6. See previous plate 50, f. 8, 9. H. (Plectopylis) Shanensis, Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1873, vol. 42, p. 170 (as Plect.). Shan States. Sry - Acs _ Not unlike Kuster’s figure of refuga. The three labial plicee (the middle being remote), and the two labial notches are the salient external characters. We do not find it referred to by Godwin-Austen in his valuable paper in the Zoological Proceedings for 1874. 10. H. Footei, Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1873, yol. 42, p. 170 (as Trachia). Poona and Belgaom. i 2 hee ce (ap 4) Mey por vA Ch A 4 \ s ( fe aaa | ‘ . FS AS S ye a 60 CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. PLATE CL. (Gorillas 1, 2. H. (Blest.) Beddomez, Hanley. Ceylon or Southern India. HELIX. The only specimen known was collected by Col. Beddome, in honour of whose amiable wife the species has been named. 3. H. corylus, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Hel. f. 1439.— Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 4, p. 55. Ceylon. Very close to partita, but darker and less sculp- tured. Our drawing is from the type now in the National Museum. -4. H. prospera, Albers, Mal. Blit. 1857 (vol. 4), p- 13, pl. 1, f. 7, 8.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p- 197, and vol. 5, p. 267. Ceylon. — Our figure is a mere copy from the published en- graving: we have never seen the species. 5, 6. N. liratula, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. 1860, p. 35: Mal. Blat. vol. 7, p. 234: Mon. Hel. vol. 5, p. 182. Ceylon, 6,000 feet above the sea-level. The original types are here delineated. 7. H. immerita, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870 (vol. 39, pt. 2), p. 17 (as Nanina, section Ariophanta).—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 7, p. 128. South Canara. The original type is here figured. 8. H. novella, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 50: Mon. Hel. p. 34.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. | Hel. f. 1294. Ceylon. The drawing is taken from the original specimens. Opel eae Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, : Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 40.—Reeve, Conch. a Hel, falter Ceylon. Cuming’s type, now in the British Museum, is here represented. 10. H. daghoba, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861 (vol. 30), p. 356, pl. 2, f. 2.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 219. Patchamullies and Kalryenmullies. Our figure is taken from Blanford’s lithograph, aided by a poor specimen of our own. The shell reminds one of a very broad bidenticulata. PLATE CLI. PLANORBIS, AMNICOLA, BITHINIA. See previous plates xxxix, xl, xcix, for Planorbis, and Xxxvii, xxxvili, for Bithinia. 1, 2,3. P. elegantulus, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soe. 1858. Ceylon. 4,7. P. Stelzneri, Dohrn, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1858. Ceylon. 5, 6. P. Merguiensis, Philippi. Mergui, Birmah. Our specimens were received from Philippi thus named, but we cannot find where he has described them. 8, 9. A. parvula, Hutton, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1849, (vol. 17, pt. 2) and vol. 18, pt. 2, p. 655 (as Paludina).—Bithinia globula, Lea, Proc. Philad. 1856, vol. 8, p. 110, and Journ. Ac. Philad. new ser. vol..6, p. 119) pl. 22358 12) (Obssa Um. vol. 11) probably. Chummun, Affghanistan; Ahmednuggur. We are indebted to Major Hutton for our speci- mens, which are undistinguishable from some Sicilian shells which Mr. Hanley has received from Benoit, as his vestita, a name not to be found in Kobelt’s catalogue of European fluviatiles. 10. B. costigera, Beck in Kuster’s ed. Chemn. Conch. Palud. p. 33, pl. 7, f. 18, 19. Valvata suleata, Hyd. and Soul. Voy. p. 517, pl. 31, f. 19, 20, 21. Bengal; Pondicherry ; Ceylon. Bonite Zool. We believe the Cyclostoma gradatum of Pfeiffer (Zool. Proc. 1854, p. 303) should be referred to this shell, but cannot find the types. The Turbo mar- ginatus of Chemnitz may, also, be identical, but is too ill-defined to merit precedence. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA, 61 PLATE CULII. - VITRINA. See previous plates Ixv, Ixvi. 1, 4. V. monticola, Benson, MSS. in Pfeif. Mon Helic. vol. 2, p. 497: Kust.ed. Chemn. Vit. pl. 2, f. 6, 7, 8.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Vit. f. 11. Landour, Himalayah. The surface is highly polished. 9 acre hanaerg d- 2, 3. ~H cassida, Hutton and Benson, J. Asi. Soe. Beng. vol. 7 (1838), p. 214.—Pfeif. Mon. Helie. | vol. 3, p. 2—Reeve, C. Icon. Vitr. f. 10 (from | Benson’s specimen). Himalayah. The surface is dull, and shows in the type here fizured, not merely concentric folds, but, also, some faint and distant spiral strie. 5. V. venusta, Theobald, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 400. Py AWE (CAT MELANTIA. See previous plates Lxxi to Ixxv, ae 1. M. Reevei, Brot, Cat. Mélan. 1862, p. 46, name for M. balteata, Reeve (not Phil.) Conch. Icon. Melan. f. 144, b (scarcely 144, a). Riemele /7 The type in the British Museum is an immature form of the shell we had intended to call Goliah (pl. 72, f.3), and the young may prove the too briefly described M. humerosa of Gould, from Manko, Tavoy (Proc. Bost. Nat. H. 1847, vol. 2, p. 219). 2. M. premordica, Tryon, American J. Conch. vol. 2, pt. 2, 1866, p. 111, pl. 10, f. 3. Biaemebk, Pegu. Thrvgy tery Rurer aly pdaliern. . Apparently very rare: our sole specimen was a broken one; so the outer lip has been corrected in accordance with Tryon’s outline. Aracan Hills, between Tongoop and Prome. 3. M. pagodula, Gould, Proc. Bost. J. Nat. eh? ff ual 1847, vol. 2, p. 219; Otia Conch. p. 200.—Reeve, "Brpfra . My Adie, Conch. Icon. Io, f. 10 (as Io). Fa Ors / The aspect of the under side reminds us of a miniature gigas. | 6. V. solida, Godwin-Austen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 518, pl. 30, f. 10 (as Helicarion). Hengdan Peak, N. Cachar Hills 7. V. Birmanica, Philippi, Zeits. Malak. 1847, p. 65.—Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 2, p. 498.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Vit. f. 59. Mergui, Birmah. Our drawing is from the same shell figured by | Reeve from the collection of Mr. Cuming, who, I think, had it from the author. Yet the term ‘“ de- pressa ’’ is scarcely suitable for the specimen. 8, 9. V. heteroconcha, H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 45, pl. 2, f. 8 (as Helicarion).—Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 7, p. 9. Darjiling. 10. V. membranacea, Benson, An. Nat. H. 185: 3, ser. 2, vol. 12, p. 93.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p- 792.—Reeve, Conch. Icon. Vit. f. 78. Balcadara, Ceylon. Our figure is taken from the shell delineated by | Reeve, which has not arrived at the full size stated by Benson, but is the only specimen attainable. Thoungyin River (branch of Salwen), Birmah. Our figure is taken from the supposed type in the | British Museum, purchased from H. Cuming. 4. M. Reevei, var. imbricata. 5, 6, 7. All from the Shan province. Figure 6 is the M. variabilis, var. turrita of Theobald in the J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865 (vol. 34, pt. 2, pl. 9, f.6; f. 7 his variabilis, var. vittata (do. f. 4); f. 5a form somewhat allied to the first, but with many more rows of granules. They may possibly all be forms of baccata, or possibly all distinct species, but pending the monograph of Melania by Dr. Brot we will not venture to pronounce an opinion. PLATE CLIV. UNIO. See previous plates x, xi, xii, xli to xlvi, evii. 1. U. parma, Benson in Conch. Icon. Unio, f. 514. Trawadi and Tenasserim River, Pegu. 62 2. U. parma? var. Benson. Bhamao. May possibly be a distinct species, but haying seen but one specimen we do not venture to decide. 9999 oda, 3. U. rugosus, Gmel. Syst. Natur. f. ‘for Chemn. Conch. Cab. vol. 10, f. 1649 (=Kust. ed. Chemn. Un. pl. 97, f. 5). Coromandel. Between macilenta and scobina. AE ee, 2 ee 44: Thes. Conch. vol. 2, p. 536, f. 264, 265.—N. Seen oe humeralis, Th. (name only). 6. PB. tutula, Benson in Reeve, Conch. Icon. Bulim. | Bengal ; Salwen. * CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. - 64. The Salwen variety has been referred to as N. humeralis of Benson, but was never described. 7. Ner. obtusa, Benson, in Sow. Conch. Illust. Ner. f. 43: Thes. Conch. vol. 2, p. 517, pl. 111, f. 72, 73.—N. spiralis, Reeve, Conch. Icon. Ner. f. 99 (from type). Tanks near Calcutta. 8, 9. N. fuliginosa, Theobald, Journ. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1859, vol. 27, p. 315.—N. reticularis, var. capillula, Sow. Thes. vol. 2, f. 265, 266. Near Ava, Birmah. The manuscript name, ‘‘ eryptospira Benson,”’ was applied to the young of this species by Mr. Theobald. 10. N. coluber, Thorp, MSS. Ceylon. Before adopting this manuscript name, the species has been vainly sought for in the respective mono- graphs of Reeve and Sowerby. PLATE CLVIII. CAMPTOCEHRAS, LIMNAA, SUCCINEA. See previous plates Ixix, Ixx, for Limnea, and lxvii, lxviii, for Succinea. 1, 2. C. terebra, Benson, Calent. J. of N. H. 1842, p. 465.—Adams, Genera Shells, pl. 74, f. 1.— Blanf. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, | ple 2; fi. | Ramegunga, Moradabad, Rohilkhund. 3, 4. C. Austeni, H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 40, pl. 2, f. 2. Nazirpur, not far from Shusong, Mymensing, Bengal. 5, 6. C. lineata, H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 40, pl. 2, f. 3 (as Camp- toceras ). With the last species. 7. L. brevicauda, Sowerby in Reeve’s Conch. Teon. Limn. f. 105. Cashmire (W. Blanford). The locality assigned to this shell by Mr. Sowerby is Australia: the identity of his type with the unique | specimen here figured was proved by careful com- parison. It will by some—and perhaps rightly—be regarded as a form of L. auricularia which is found in the same parts; yet its peculiar spire, its more. globose shape, and the spirally tortuous columellar fold afford distinguishable characters. 9. S. subgranosa, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1849, p- 182: Mon. Helic. vol. 3, p. 9. Kurnaal, and near Calcutta (a variety). + 10. S. Ceylanica, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p- 297: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 810. Ceylon. PLATE CLIX. HELIX, ACHATINA, CLAUSILIA. See previous plates xiii to xvi, xxv to xxxii, | to Ixiv, Ixxxiii to xe, exl, exiil, cxxyvii to cxxxi, exlix, el, first ; xvii, xvili, xxxv, xxxvi, Ixxviii, cii, clv, for for second ; xxiv, exvili, for third. 1, 4. H. biciliata, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1855, p. 112: Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 68. Ceylon. 2, 3. H. infausta, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1866, vol. 34, p. 36, and Cont. pt. 6, as Nanina.— Pf. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 124. Anamallay Hills, 8. India. 5. C. Asaluensis, Godwin-Austen, MS. in Blanf. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 41, pt. 2, p. 202, jal, Gh ais ols Asalu, North Cachar. 6. A. orthoceras, Godwin-Austen, J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1875, vol. 44, pt. 2, p. 2, pl. 1, f. 4. W. Khasi Hills. Whorls more oblique and more rounded than in Cassiaca: no epidermis. 7. H. Shiroiensis, Godwin-Austen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1874, p. 609, pl. 73, f. 3. 8. H. confinis, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1865, pt. 2, p. 71: Cont. Mal. Ind. pt. 5.—Pf. Mon. Helic. vol. 5, p. 83. Thayet Mio, confines of British Birmah. 9. H. Humberti, Brot, J. Conch. 1864 (vol. 12), p. 21, pl. 2, f. 5,6.—Pf. Mon. Hel. vol. 5, p. 398. Ceylon. Only one palatal and one parietal tooth. The front might pass for odontophora, but the lower CONCHOLOGIA INDICA, 65 disk is more smooth, and just like our figure of erronea. The last-named species very clearly represented in the same plate of the Journal de Conchyliologie has three parietal and three palatal lamelle visible at the mouth, buta fourth palatal lamella may be traced by the opaque marks on the exterior. This does not quite suit Alber’s original (Zeit. Mal. 1853, p- 305) description, and we possess a variety (?) with coarser sculpture and a lesser number of ridges which agrees better. 10. H. Beddomei, Blanford, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1874, ser. 4, vol. 14, p. 406 (as Hemiplecta). Western side of Travancore Hills, 8. India. Equally aliied to basilessa and Chenui. PLATE CLX. PUPA. See previous plates e, ci, elvi. 1. P. (Ennea) seulpta, Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1869, vol. 38, p. 141, pl. 16, f. 10. Pulney Hills, Southern India. 2. P. muscerda, Benson, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1853, ser. 2, vol. 12, p. 94.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p- 680. On old posts and Palmyra trees, Pedro Pro- montory, Ceylon. 3. P. planguneula, Benson. See previous plate LOU, £2. Having at last obtained a perfect specimen of this rare shell from the Kumah Hills in Southern India, we have again delineated it. | 4. P. mimula, Benson. An. Nat. Hist. 1853, ser. 2, vol. 12, p. 95.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 4, p. 676. In vines on Pedro Promontory, Ceylon. 5. P. filosa, Theobald and Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1874, vol. 41, pt. 2, p. 333, pl. 11, f. 8. Aracan Hills. 6. P. lignicola, Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 171, pl. 7, £ 3. Moulmein. We have figured the toothed variety. 7. P. Avanica, Benson, An. Nat. Hist. 1863, p. 428.—Pfeif. Mon. Helic. vol. 6, p. 335. Aya, Birmah. 8. P. Indica, Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1854, p. 295: Mon. Hel. vol. 4, p. 679. Barrakpore, near Calcutta. This is not the Indica of Benson (name only for the P. cylindrica of Hutton) in the J. Asi. Soc. Beng. vol. 18, pt. 2, p. 653, quoted by Pfeiffer as equal to the Bulimus pullus. The types here represented are in the National Museum. 9. P. Salemensis, W. and H. Blanford, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, vol. 30, p. 359, pl. 2, £8: Cont. Mal. pt. 2.—Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 6, p. 518. Kalryen Hills, 8. India. ~ We have merely copied the original figure. 10. P. (Ennea) eylindroidea, Stoliczka, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 171, pl. 7, f. 4. Damotha, near Moulmein. Copied from the cited figure, for want of a speci- men. * a tS ee ee je Gp Mullane Mav, Sa | : } A tt a Es ee aed —e SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES PUBLISHED UP TO 1874.! —00 f0-0—__—_ BIVALVES. TANYSIPHON. | regularis, Prime, t. 158, f. 5, 6. Unto.° rivalis, Bn. t. 116, f. 1, 4. striatella, D. t. 138, f. 7, 10. _trigona, D, t, 155, f. 7. Birmanns, Bl. t. 42, f. 1. Bhamoensis, Th. t. 155, f. 2. NovacuLina. | | _ FN ey ecient : | e , Eyd. and Soul., t. 10, Gangetica, Bn. t. 116, f. 7: var.? SCAPHULA. | rae ie : 5 6 ? 2 1@, celox, Bn. t. 116, f. 8, 9. | eect Rea Sb a: : | ceruleus, Lea, t. 12, f. 3. Pisip1uM. Deltz, Bl. t. 116, f. 2, 3. ; 7 By ; eT Me ae consobrinus,’ Lea, t. 41, f. 7. Clarkianum, Nev. t. 155, f. 9. pinna, Bn. t. 116, f. 5, 6. corbis, Bn. t. 45,'f, 10. CYcLas. ' Mycerorts. Indica, D. t. 155, f. 10. Bensonianus,’ Lea, t. 9, f. 1 (as corrugatus,® Mil. t. 44, f. 5, 6; t. 45, f. 2 to 5. crispatus, Gould, t. 45, f. 1. Avana,”? Th. (Ava). Soleniformis). : ( ) nitonais) crispisulcatus, Bn. t. 11, f. 5. Corpicua.? TRIGONODON. exolescens, Gould, t. 107, f. 5. Bengalensis, Desh. t. 155, f. 6. erebristriatum, t. 9, f. 3, 5. favidens,? Bn. t. 11, f.1, 2,3; t. 41, Bensoni, D. t. 138, f. 1, 4. Cashmirensis, D. t. 138, f. 2, 3. PsEubopon. Jravadica, Bl. t. 155, f. 7. occidens, D. t. 138, f. 8, 9. | Avee,° Th. (Ava). £3; t. 42, f. 2. | Feddeni,!° Th. (River Pemgunga, Cl. India.) | inoseularis, Gould, t. 9, f. 3. foliaceus, Gould, t. 42, f. 3. ' The Editors do not acknowledge the validity of many of | these species, but merely illustrate them: as to the arrangement it does not pretend to be scientific, but useful for grouping the allied forms of shells, not mollusks. Some species only just published have been added in our last part to fill up vacancies in the plates. * Journ. Asi, Soe. Ben. 1873, pt. 2, pl. 17. * In Prime’s monograph of this genus we find recorded as Indian five of his species, which are wholly unknown to us: C. subradiata (An. Lye. N. York, 1864, vol. 8, p. 75, f. 23), C. Agrensis (do. f. 24), C. parvula (do. p. 76, f. 25), C. consan- guinea (do. 1867, vol. 8, p. 417), C. imperialis (do. 1869, vol. 9). The last is stated to come from Pondicherry, always a suspicious locality ; the two first are probably immature, the two next in- sufficiently defined. Chemnitz (Conch. Cab. vol. 6, f. 321) has erroneously identified as the fluviatilis of Miller, a Tanjore shell which may possibly be intended for oecidens. The Veloritee being estuary shells (C. Cyprinoides, Gray, and C. Cochinensis, Han.) are purposely omitted. ‘ Lea justly remarks that although edentulous when mature, the young have manifest teeth. The name has been changed | because D’Orbigny had previously published a-Soleniformis in + Guérin’s Mag. de Zool. > Monocondylwa Ave, Th. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1873, pt. 2, p. 209, pl. 17, f. 5. * Tt is possible that the U. luteus of Lea (J. Ac. Philad. n, s. vol. 3, pl. 24, f. 4) from Newville, Tavoy, may be identical with one of our list, but the specimen delineated was in too bad a condition for positive recognition. 7 The U, exanthematicus of Kuster's Chemnitz (Unio, p. 243, pl. 81, f. 2) has somewhat the aspect of this shell; it is said to come from that indefinite locality the ** KE. Indies.” S Morch states the U, gibbus of Spengler (Skriv. Nat. Kioben. vol. 3, pt. 1) said to come from Tranquebar, is allied to this: its Latin description is utterly inadequate for the purpose of identification. ® To this may be referred the U. Merodabensis of Von dem Busch in Kuster’s monograph of Unio (ed. Chemn. U. pl. 78, f. 4). Perhaps, too, the U. Rajahensis of Lea (Obs. Un, vol. 3, p. 77, pl. 23, f. 53), which has been vainly sought for in the Rajah’s Tank near Caleutta, its recorded locality, may prove, if indigenous, a distorted form of this or someallied species. 0 J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1873, pt. 2, p. 208, pl.17, f. 3. a he evan a tres Fanste. ‘fia Aa [phamapuira . v1 generosus, Gould, t. 46, f. 4, 7 9, f. 7 (as lamellatus, var.) | Gowhatensis,! Th. (Be-trevhettenr, Assam). Indicus, Sow. t. 107, f. 1, 4. involutus, Bn. t. 41, f. 2. Jenkinsianus, Bn. t. 41, f. 4. lamellatus, Lea, t. 44, f. 7 Layardi, Lea, t. 41, f. 1. leioma,” Bn. t. 12. f. 6. macileutus, Bn. t. 10, {. 2, 4: var t. 154, f. 5. Mandelayanus, Th. t. 154, f. 4. marcens, Han. t. 42, f. 4, 5, 6 t.| marginalis,? Lam. t. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. 42, f. 7; t. 43, f. >t. Ade ff. iL to 4. Nuttallianus, Lea, t. 41, f. 5, 6. olivarius, Lea, t. 10, f. 1. pachysoma, Bn, t. 12, f. 1. parma, Bn, t. 154, f. 1: 154, f. 2 pugio, Bn. t. 10, f. 7 radula, Bn. t. 10, f. 3. rugosus, Gmelin, t. 154, f. 3. scobina, Bn. t. 46, f. 2. t, AG. t. Wh: 2 to. /scutum, Bn. var. t. | 46, £3. Sikkimensis, Lea, t.11, f. 4; t. 107, HDS (7 smaragdites, Bn. t. 10, f. 5. Tavoyensis, Gould, t. 154, f. 6, and VeuGey aleads | Tennentii, Han. t. 45. f. 7, 8, 9. var. P t.| theca, Bn. t. 12, f. 5. Thwaitesii, Bn. t. 43, f. 1. triembolus,* Bn. t. 107, f. 2. trirostris,? Han. t. 11, f. 6. Vuleanus, Han. t. 155, f. 3. Wynegungensis, Lea, t. 45, f. 6. INOPERCULATED LAND SHELLS.’ |-forabilis, Bn. t. 147, f. 1, 4. schistostelis, Bn. t. 147, f. 5, 6. Henix.'3 acalles, Pf. t. 128, f. 1, 4. achatina, Gray, t. 13, f. 1; t. 57, f. 8, 9. acris, Bn. t. 54, f. 6. acuducta, Bn. t. 50, f. 5 Akoutongensis, Th. t. 15, f. 4. albizonata, Dohrn, t. 52, f. 6 ampulla, Bn. t. 25, f. 4. VITRINA. membranacea, Bn. t. 152, f. 10. Ataranensis,’ Th. ovata,'? H. Bl. 4 Bensoni, Pf. t. 65, f. 1, 4. A |Peguensis,!! Th. t. 65, f. 2, 3. | Birmanica, Phil. t. 152, f. 7. prestans, Gould, t. 65, f. 5, 6. | cassida, Bn. t. 152, f. ¥, 3. | Salius, Bn. t. 65, f. 8, 9 Ceylanica,® Beck. | scutella, Bn. t. 66, f. 1, i Christiane, Th. t.'66, £7, 10. solida,!* G. A. t. 152, f. 6. HdcariannceRn | suecina, Reeve, if G5. tend mks . Edgariana, F | - Flemingiana, Pf. t. 66, f. 5, 6 venusta, Th. t. 152, f. 5. gigas, Bn. t. 66, f. 2, 3. ape nee heteroconcha, H. Bl. t. 152, f. | Soa Iu. sh GE WeCaiias, Bn. t. 147, f. 2, 3, and. vara irradians, Pf. t. 66, f. 8, 9. _discoidalis, 7. monticola, Bn. t. 152, f. 1, 4. | conjungens, Stolic. t. 14, f. 8,9 : Fi : | anax, Buiatsodenie Le 2,3. +anceps, Gould, t. 30, f. 1. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 18738, pt. 2, p. 208, pl. 17, f. 4. Compare with this and macilentus the U. Shurtleffianus = Lea (J. Ac. Philad. n. s. vol. 38 (Obs. U. vol. 6), p. 28, pl. 27, 17), from Nagpore, and with this and czruleus his U. (Obs. U. vol, 12, p. 39, f. 92). 3 Morch regards the U. truncatus of Spengler as a form of this most variable species. * Compare with this the tripartitus of Lea (Proe. Philad. 1863), from the river Jellinghur. 1 2 evitatus ° The trirostris of Reeve seems ceruleus, to which species the semiplicatus of Troschel (Wiegm. Arch. Nat. 1837, p. 180), if a Unio at all, for the description reminds one of Novaculina, may possibly belong. 6 Limax and Parmacella have been omitted for want of materials : uccording to Benson’s manuscript the Vitrina baceata of Hutton is the fry of P. rutella. Our work being to illustrate shells, not mollusks, the rudimentary Helicarion Theobaldi of G. Austen (Proc. Z. 1872) and his H. eroceus (517, pl. 30, f. 9) have been emitted. So poor are we for space. J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 401. the river Atarau, Martaban. 8 In Appendix to Index Moll. Chr. Fred, p. 1. From near | Reeve | | (Conch. Icon. Vit. f. 67) has figured what may possibly be the | fry of a species described as twice or thrice the size of Aude- bardi. The plate referred to by Pfeiffer and Reeve has not been issued ; indeed very few copies of even the Appendix were dis- tributed. ® An. Nat. His. 1853 10 J. Asi. Soe. Helicarion). | , ser. 2, vol. 12, p. 93. Ceylon. Zeng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 44, pl. 2, f 7 (as Darjiling. '! Our figures precisely represent the type of the V. auriformis of Blanford (J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 186, vol, 36, pt. 2, p. 36) from | the Nilgherries. of | 2 See, too, J. Asi. Beng. 1875, t. 2, f. 5. In that plate are — delineated, also, Helicarion See brunneum and Na- gaense, the shields of which hardly merit to be called shells '3 Tn addition to those in our list we must speeify the African H. Perotteti of Pfeiffer (Reeve and Knster’s figures are very unlike), and the Singapore H. lyehnia of Benson, both ascribed to the Nilgherries, the Nanina fragilis of Hutton, which is most inadequately (J. Asi. Beng. vol. 7, p. 216) defined. Compare with our minute trochiform species the H. (Kaliella) peliosanthi of Mérch (Aftryk. Nat. Kjobenhayn, 1872) from Caleutta, which we haye not seen. .~Andersoni, Bl. t. 30, f. 1. Angelica, Pf. t. 85, sh 3h OE <6 anguina, Gould, t. 15, f. 7 anserina, Th. t. 112, f. 7, 10. apicata, Bl. t. 54, f. 5 Arakanensis, Th. t. tapeina, var. Ar.). arata, Bl. t. 84, f. 8, 9 artificiosa, Bn. t. 55, f. 3. arx, Bn. t. 54, f. 8 asperella, Pf. t. 131, f. 8, § aspides, Bn. t. 62, f. 7, ©, § aspirans, Bls. t. 16, f. 4. Ataranensis, Th. t. 84, f. 5, 6 Atkinsoni, Th. t. 15, f. 9; t. 74, f. PEBY SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES. vii +bistrialis, Beck, t. 29, f. 1. | Blanfordi, Th. t. 60, f. 1, 2, 3 | bolus,® Bn. t. 53, f. 7 Bombayana, Grat. t. 29, f. 5. brachyplecta, Bn. t. 57, f. 10. 15, f. 10 (as) bullula, Hutt. t. 6), f. 2 -—cacuminifera, Bn. t. 54, f. 2 calpis, Bn. t. 16, eeteb camura, Bn. t. 55, f. 2 Candaharica, Hutt. t. 131, f. 5 capessens, Bn. t. 60, f. 5 —capitium, Bn. t. 14, f. 5. carneola, Pf. t. 128, f. 2, 3. cassidula, Bn. t. 16, f. 5 Castor, Th. t. 26, f. 3. +castra, Bn. t. 83, f. 1, 2, 3. ~atricolor,| G. A. (North Cachar..catostoma, BL. t. 56, f. 2, 3. Hills). attegia,? Bn. t. 86, f. 7 paulopis, Bn. t. 30, f. 8, 9. ° Austeni, Bl. t. 50, f. 8, 9. Baconi, Bn. t. 56, f. 7 Bactriana, Hut. t. 130, f. 1, 4. - Bajadera, Pf. t. 111, f. 5. —Barrakporensis, Pf. t. 87, f. 7. bascauda, Bn. t. 16, f. 1. De it. =Basilessa, Bn. t. 25, f. 25.4 52, Basileus, Bn. t. 25, f. 7 Basseinensis, Bl. t. 30, f. 7 Beddomez, Hanley, t. 150, f. 2. Beddomei, Bl. t. 150, f. 10. ~—Belangeri, Desh. t. 29, f. 6. Bensoni, Busch, t. 132, f. 19. biciliata, Pf. t. 159, f. 1, 4. bidenticulata, Bn. t. 60, f. 6. bifoveata, Bn. t. 14, f. 8 bilirata,? Bls. Birmana,! Pf. t. 51, f.2 (as acerra). 1 J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1876, vol. 44, pt. 2, p. 2, pl. 1, f 2. * The culmen of Blanford (J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1865, vol. 34) | causia, Bn. t90, f. 2, 3. ' ceraria, Bn. t. 28, f. 4. cestus, Bn. t. 29, f. 7 Ceylanica, Pf. t. 29, f. 3. Charpentieri, Pf. t. 14, f. 1. ~—Chennis Pf. t. 25, 4.1; t. 27 Cherraensis, Bl. t. 26, f. 6. chloroplax, Bn. t. 32, f. 1, 4. choinix, Bn. t. 51, f. 1. :|Cingalensis, Bn. t. 54, f. 1, 2. Se cists PTS tiepleg a te elma, | climacterica, Bnet. O57 ta4neos | compluyialis, Bl. t. § 8, f. 1, 4. concavospira,® Pf. t. 86, f. 1. _confinis, Bl. t. 159, f. 8. consepta, Bn. t, 88, s 5, 6. contracta,’ Antt. t. 55, f. 8, 9. conulus, BI. t. 129, f. 5, 6. convallata, Bn. t. 88, f. = 3 .~ convexa, Reeve, t. 8 Bh f. convexiuscula, Pf. +1 128, ie 5). | eoriaria, Pf. t. 53, f. 10. | corylus, Reeve, t. 150, f. oe | costata, Miller (from Cashmire). -cragsicostata,® Bn. t. 50, f. 10. | erin Bera, Bn, t.,60) £..7 | eyela Shirish. tow ck. 10. EO Albers, t. 88, f. 8, 9. Ay | cycloplax, Bn. t. 26, f. 7 | cyclotrema, Bn. t. 28, f. 10. , 6. | cyix, Bn. t. 29) £. 4. cysis,!° Bn. t. 25, £. 5 (var. Ampul- | larioides). | daghoba, Bls. t. 150, f. 10. | decussata, Bn. t. 112, f. 1, 2, 3. | delibrata,!! Bn. t, 14, f. 9 (?), 10 | dextrorsa,!? G. A. t. 13, f. 9 (as re- fuga, var. dex.). | diplodon, Bn. t. 60, f. 8. | Emiliana, Pf. . 56, £. 9, 10. | erronea, Albers, t. 14, f. 3. | euomphalos, Bls. t. 129, f. 1, 2, 3. Vexuls!S Bini. tt, 62: t ie 2.3) 4. | faleata, BL. t. 54, £. 10. Nér. t. 84, f. 8, 9. Ly ->fallaciosa, | fastigiata, Hut. t. 16, f. 5. fastosa, Albers, t. 127, f. 5. | febrilis, Bls. t. 129, f. 4. | Beddeni iret alee fil 2a3t Footei, Stolic. t. 149, f. 10. fritillata, Bn. t. 86, f. 8, 9, 10. fulva, Draparnaud (from Cashmire )_ | gabata, Bn. t. 14, f. 4. | galea, Bn. t. 54, f. cis “galerus, Bn. t. 83, f. 5, | ganoma, Pf. t. 111, f he | Gardneri, Pf. t. 84, f. 7. glauca, Bn. t. 63, f. 10. 6. Gordoniz, Bn. t. 27, f. 1, 2 x p- 381) was probably based upon the fact that one of his three types was the young of this or Iootei ; the other two come nearer is a synonym, teste Stoliezka. % J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, vol. 30, p. 352, pl. 1, f. 7: Cont. Mal. pt. 2.—Pf. Mon. Hel. vol. 5, p. 85: Shevroys, and Kolamullies. * Proc. Zool. 1857, p. 107. The types are identical. 5 The type of Reeve's (C. Icon. Hel. f. 445) ideal of Souleyet’s Touranensis most closely resembles our shell, 5 Reeve’s sculptured shell does not harmonise with the ‘ vix striatula” of Pfeiffer: erase the reference. 7 Compare with this and its allies the H. Nagporensis of Pfeiffer (Pr. Z. 1860: Mon. H. vol. 5). The type (certainly not a distinet species) cannot be found. 8 The Indian locality of H. albicostis Pf. (Mon. Hel. vol 4, It. =i fae vm . /s ¢ . nie the H. obtecta, from Madeira, * The H. revoluta of Pfeiffer (Mon. Hel. vol. 4, p- 416) is referred to this by Stoliezka. 10 The two shells figured by Reeve as cysis and auris (Pfeif, Z. P. 1854, p. 286.—Reeve, f. 1382) are not even varieties; our own shell is his H. Ampullarioides (C. Ic. Helix, f. 1423), which many, and perhaps rightly, will think distinct. " The variety fasciata of Godwin-Austen (J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1875 (44, pt. 2), p. 1, pl. 1, f. 1, must surely be distinct. Godwin-Austen, Pr. Zool, 1875, p. 44. 8 The Orobia Andamanensis of Tryon (Amer. J. C. vol. 5, p. 110, p. 10, f. 4), is referred to this by Stoliezka. xGenma. Soutebhdx, . fragilis . Mul - leervach, « My, yiil CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. gratulator, Bl. t. 16, f. 2, 6. | Karenorum, BI. t. 13, f. 6. Grevillei, Pf. t. 127, f. 7. | Koondaensis, Bl. t. 56, f. 5, 6. Guerin 2IP ito steals 2: | Kumahensis,® Th. & Stol. —hemastoma, Lin. t. 127, f. 2. Jabiata, Tete ig CA ety SY, hariola, Bn. t. 14, f. 6. {levipes, ® Mull. Haughtoni,? Bn. t. 28, f. 3. +Laidlayana, Bn. t. 58, f, 3, 4, 5. hebescens, Bl. t. 149, f. 1. yardi, Pf. t. 56, f. 8. helicifera, BI. t. eae f. 3, 4. | lecythis, Bn. t. 63 £7 Gh Helferi, Bn. t. 2%, f. 8, 9. _leiophis,7 Bn. t. 13, f. hemiopta, Bu. t. (730, f. 4; t. 53, f. 8.rlevieula, Bn. t. $0; £. 1, vi Z.4U Hodgson, Bl £868 19,8) -ligulata,’ Fér. t. 28, £. 9. honesta, Gould, t. 90, f. 10. | hratula, Pf. t. 150, f. 5, 6 humilis, Hut. t. 61, f. 4, 5, 6 liricineta, Stol. t. 132, f. 7 Humberti, Brot, t. 159, f. 9. | lixa, Bl. t. 149, f. 5, 6. Huttoni, Pf. t. 15, f. 8. | lubrica, Bn. t. 51, f. 8, 9 hyba, Bu. t. 30, f. 2, 3. macromphalos, Th. t. 83, f. 8, 9. — hyphasma, Bn. t. 54, f. 3. macropleuris,® Bn. t. 87, f. 10. hypoleuca, Bl. t. 64, f. 6, 7 Maderaspatana, Gray, t. 28, f. 2. { immerita, &l. g. 150, £..7. /mammillaris, Bl. t. 50, f U2. —Indica, Pit. 5p, £110. | melanotragus, Born, t. 127, NS 3 infausta, Bl. t. 159, £. 2, 3. | Merguiensis, Phil. t. 14, AtsHaS)) infrendens,? Gould, t. 15, f. 3. var. “miccyla, Bust oond 8, 9 g (as Tickellii). molecula, Bn. t. 3 f. 8, 9, x33. infula, Bn. t. 54, £. 9. mononema, Bn. t. 87, f. 2,3 Ingrami, Bl. t. 60, fe 1,10. ‘monticola, Hutt. t. 52, f. 3. injussa, Bl. t. 132, f. 5, 6. interrupta,* Bu. t. 27, f 3. intumescens, Bl. t. 111, f. 6. Isabellg, Pf. t. 27, f. 7. Juliana, Gray, t. 52, f. 7 mucosa,!° Bls. t. 90, f. 5, 6. Hills). “nana, 1S att. b. 61, L788 Munipurensis,!! G, A. Qincipun! Nagaensis,!* G. A. (Prowi, Naga»petrosa,!® Hutt. t. 88, £. 7, 10. ~nebulosa, Bl. t. 64, f. 8, 9, 10. Neherensis, Bn t. 32, f. 5, 6. nepos, Pf. t. 132, f. 2, 3. —-Nicobarica, Beck, t. 52, f. 1. Nilagirica, Pf. t. 55, f. 6, 7. ‘uitida, Miller (Cashmire). novella, Pf. t. 150, f. 8. nuda, Pitot es ochthoplax, Bn. t. 26, f. 4. odontophora, Bn. t. 57, f. 4, 5, 6. | Oldhami, Bn. t. 15, £7. oreula, Bn. t. 87, f. 1, 4. ornatissima, Bn. t. 60, f. 4. Orobia, Bn. t. 28, f. 8. oxytes, Bn. t. 26, f. 1. palmaria, Bn. t. 30, f. 5, 6. pansa, Bn. t. 56, f. 1. = partita,™ Pf. t +84 f SO. Kl Patane, Bn. t. 180, f. 5, 6, 7. | pauxillula, Bn. t. 90, f. 8, 9. +-pedina, Bn. t. 51, f. 3. | Peguensis, Bn. t. 58, f. 6. | perarcta, Bl. t. 13, f. 3. | percompressa,!° Bl. _perfucata,!® Bn. _perpaula,!7 Bn. | Petasus, Bn. t. 89, f. 8, 9. Phayrei, Th. t. 15, f. 1. | Phidias, Thorp. t. 149, f. 4. * Compare with this and erinigera the Nilgherry H. tabida of Pfeiffer (Mon. Hel. vol. 4, p. 27: Novit. vol. 1, pl. 12, f. 11, 12). It is larger and not keeled. qc) a hs 5, pl. 10, f. * The H. ChamBprti of aoe ( AM. 2) is a synonym. % In Proc. Bost. 1843, p. 139, oe Bost. J. Nat. H. vol. 4, p. 453, pl. 24, f. 6. Pfeitf. Mon. Hel. vol. 1, p. 162. Reeve, C. Teon. Hel. f. 770. The variety Tickellii only differs in being more carinated, and having the twin teeth closer together. * The true H. Himalayana of Lea (Obs. Unio, vol. 1, pl. 19, f. 66) is referred by Blanford to this spezies; but Benson's erroneous ideal (Zool. J. vol. 5) was the H. cicatricosa. * J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872, vol. 41, pt. 2, p. 334, pl. 11, f. 9, 10: Kumah Hills, Sandoway, Aracan Hills. ® See Pf. Mon. Hel. vol. 3, p75, and Kust. Ch. Hel. pl. 84, f, 22, 23. 7 Tf this should prove, as is possible, the true refuga of Gould, that name has priority: it resembles the refuga of Reeve, Philippi, and Kuster: yet the latter (Hel. t. 66. f. 21-23) does not show the lamella correctly, nor the spiral sculpture, and almost equally with the secoud makes the outline of the last whorl vol. 20 (1872, p. 33), said to remind one of this shell, being in the Danish Museum is inaccessible to us. * The H. corys of Benson (An. Nat. 1859, ser. 2, vol. 3, p. 265) is the young of this shell. © The H. seposita of Benson (An. waite ~ 1859, April) te only known to us by a sketch of Benson's, eich ieee resembles shells given us by Blanford as his mucosa.$- Prdin- 1 Z, P. 1874, p. 610, pl. 73, f. 6, as H. (Plect.). 12 7, P. 1874, p. 609, pl. 78, f. 4, as H. (Plect.). 13 Benson statesthat the bullula of Reeve represents this shell. 4 Tn the Zoology of Belanger’s Voyage we find (Moll. p. 414, ~ pl. 1, f. 8. 9, 10) a H. semifusea. from near Pondicherry. Its _ figure reminds us of this shell, but it is said to have eight or nine whorls (four more than are represented). That of Pfeiffer is really Indian, and quite distinct. The H. marcida of Benson (An. Nat. 1853, p. 92) is generally considered a form of partita, or some near ally (subopaca, &e.). The date is subsequent to | that of the species so named by Shuttleworth (1852). opposite the mouth as prominent below as above, instead of slanting inwards below as in leiophis. * The unique example from Tranquebar of the Nanina tur- | binata of Beck (Ap. Mol. Christ. Fred. p. 5, and Mérch, J. Con. a 13 Py, Zool. 1869, p. 446. Near sanis: from Bhamo. 16 An.Nat.H.1853,p.93.—Pf.Mon. Hel.vol.4,p.60 fromCeylon. 7 An. Nat. H. 1859, p. 390.—Pf. Mon. Hel. vol. 6, p. 69: from Phie Than, Tenasserim. 18 Benson erroneously identified this shell with the imper- forated five-whorled H. vitrinoides of Deshayes (Mag. de Z. 1831, pl. 26), of which the locality was then unknown. In Kuster’s KY . — propinqua, Pf. t. 30, f. 10. —ruginosa, Feér. t..84, f. 2, 3, —sanis, Bn. t. 83, f. 4, 7. - 4 L SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES. ix Phoenix, Pf. t. 127, f. 6. phyllophila, Bn. t. 61, f. pilidion, Bn. t. 53, f. 6. pinacis,! Bn. t. 13, f£.5; t. 8 Pirrieana, Pf. t. 87, f. 5, 6. planiuscula, Hut. t. 32, f. 7, 10. plectostoma, Bn. t. 13, f. 2. plicatula, Bl. t. 28, f. 1. politissima, Bn. t. 31, f. 8, 9. Hills). Pollux. Th. t. 26; £. 25.5. polypleuris, BI. t. 16, f. 7. Poongee, Th. t. 16, f. 9. prospera, Albers, t. 150, f. 4. proxima, Fér. t. 28, f. 5. semirugata, Beck, t. 59, f. 4. 10. | Sequax, Bn. t. 63, f. 1, 2, 3. sericata,’ G.-A. +t. 132, f..8, 9. 4, f.1, 4. | serrula, Bn. t. 50, f. 7. Shanensis, Stol*t. 149, f. 8, 9. ~Shiplayi, Pf. t. 131, f. 7, 10. | Shiroiensis, G. A. t. 159, f. 7. +Shisha,*¥G. A. (Naga and Khasi similaris,? Fér. t. 53, f. 1, 2: Sisparica, Bl. t. 112, f. 4, 5, 6. Skinneri, Reeve, t. 111, f. 1. solata, Bn. t. 28, f. 6. +splendens, Hutt. t. 51, f. 7, 10. stephus, Bn. t. 62, f. 4, 5, 6. tugurium, Bn. t. 29, f. 10. umbrina, Pf. t. 89, f. 1, 2; B. . +undosa, BI. t. 111, f. 2, 3Avar.). uter, Th. t. 58, f 7, 8. vallicola, Pf. t. 128,/. 8, 9. verrucula, Pf. t. 150, f. 9. lonae Ad. t. 86, f. 4. +vidua, Bl. t..180, f. 2, 3. vilipensa, Bn. t. 89, f. 4, 5, 6. vitellina, Pf. t. 59, f. 1, 2. vittata, Mil. t. 130, f. 10. Waltoni, Reeve, t. 127, f. 1. Zoroaster, Th. t. 86, f. 2, 3. pseudophis,” Bl. & G. A. _|-subconoidea, Pf. t. ay 4 fav LOS SK, pulchella, Mill. (Cashmire). pylaica, Bn. t. 15, f. 2. radicicola, Bn. t. 62, f. 10. regulata, Bn. t. 51, f. 5, 6. repercussa, Gould, t. 13, f. 4. resplendens,* Phil. t. 51, f. 4. retifera, Pf. t. 87, f. 8, 9. subcornea, Pf. t. 149, f. 2, 3. Boysta, - subdecussata, Pf. t. 56, f. 4. +subjecta, Bn. t. 64, f. 1, 2, 3. refuga,? Gould, (Tavoy, Birmah). -superba, Pf. t. 127, f. 4. ..tapeina, Bu. t. Wo, £5: | Taprobanensis, Dohrn, t. 29 f. 2. tenuicula, Adams, t. 89, f. 7, 10. tertiana, Bl. t. 16, f. 10. Bensoni, Pf. t. 8, f. 1. HypsrLostoma. Bensonianum, Bl. t. 8, f. 2. Dayanum, Stol. t. 147, f. 10. tubiferum, Bn. t. 8, f. 3. retrorsa, Gould, t. 25, f. 6. textrina, Bn. t. 52, f. 2, 5. STREPTAXIS. rimicola,’ Bn. t. 61, f. 1. | Theodori, Phil. t, 59, f. 7, 8. Andamanica, Bn. t. 8, f. 6. Rivoli, Desh. t. 14, f. 2. Thwaitesii, Pf. t. 128, f. 7,10. Blanfordi, Th. t. 8, f. 5, as Birma- rorida, Bn.® > thyreus, Bn. t. 27, f. 6. nica. Rosamunda, Bn. t. 59, f. 5, 6. rotatoria, V. Busch, t. 15, f. 5. ~rubello-cincta, Bl. t. 51, f. 5, 6. (p> AO Re 7. Saturnia, Gould, t. 25, f. 5. _trifasciata, scalpturita, Th. t. 53, f. 9. | trifilosa,!° Pf. scenoma, Bn. t. 53, f. 3, 4, 5. -+todarum, Bl. t. 64, f. 4, 5. | +Tranquebarica, Fab. t. 59,/f. 3. Travancorica, Bn. t. 50, f[ 5, 6; t.| Burmanica, BI. t. 156, f. 10; var. | tricarinata, Bls. t. 129, f. @ 10. usd faon | trilamellaris.!! G. A. semidecussata, Pf. t. 58, f. 1, 2. | trochalia,!? Bn. t. 28, f. 7. N bombax, Bn. ‘t. 156, f.9; t. 31, f. 1, 4 (young). edentula, t. 8. f. 10, as Blanfordi. Canarica, Bed. t. 156, f. 7. Cingalensis, Bn. t. 95, f. 2, 3. exacuta, Gould, t. 98, f. 8, 9. Hlisa,!3 Gould. Layapdiana, iets OG eteul an Chemnitz (Helix, pl. 110) the true vitrinoides (f. 13, 14, 15), and the spurious (f. 10, 11, 12) are both delineated as one species. ' The H. (Corilla) pettos of Martens (Mal. Blit. 1868, p. 158), from the Himalayah, may be compared with this and itsallies. 2 Z. P. 1874, p. 610, pl. 74, f. 3, as H. (Plect.).—Thayet, Myo, Pegu. Compare H. refuga of Philippi, &e. 3 Proc. Bost. vol. 2, 1846. p. 99: Otia, p. 198 The species (one or more) figured by Philippi (Ab. Conch.), Reeve, and Kuster (Hel. t. 66, f. 21, 22, 23) does not suit the “ viridi- cornea” ef our author, who states it is almost exactly like “carabinata” (Rivoli), Our supposed dextral var. has been lately named dextrorsa. 4 This is the H. expolita of Deshayes (Fér H. Moll. pl. 87, f. 1). The resplendens of Beck, said to come from Bombay, was described, but not strictly published in the Appendix to his Catalogue. Compare our figure 2 of pl. 51 with his definition. \ SQ Pi Soa: Cr ow ec . - 5 The H. (Arianta) elatior of Martens (Mal. Blat. 1868, p. 157) is, probably, this shell in fine condition. ® An. Nat. 1859, s. 3, vol. 3, p. 266.—Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 5, p. 111: Darjiling, and Sunhul Hill. S*€+s Ach 7 Pr. Z. 1874, p. 608, pl. 73, f. 5. 8 J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1875, vol. 44, pt. 2, p. 2, pl. 1, f. 3. ® To this miy pe referred the H. sordida of Pfeiffer (Kust. ed. Chem. Hel, pl. 60, f. 19, 20). 10 Proc. Zool. 1853, p. 125; Mon. Hel. vol. 4, p. 87: Ceylon. The type could not be found our ideal would be retifera with a narrower perforation. "1 Proe. Zool. 1875, p. 43. “% The Ampelita Bigsbyi of Tryon in the Amer. J. C. vol. 5, p. 110, pl. 10, f. 3. 18 Proc. Bost. 1856, p. 12; Otia, p. 220: from an islet in the Mergui Archipelago. vesicula, Bn. t./62, f. 4, 5, 6. —_, b3 W oodiana, 124%, t. 30, 1 2; Bie EKKKU « x obtusa,! Stol. (near Moulmein). Perotteti,? Petit, t. 98, f. 5, 6 Petiti, Gould, t. 8, f. 4. Sankeyi,? Bn. 7-§ - a7. solidula, Stol. t. 9 1% 1 te Theobaldi, Bn. t. 8, f. 9. Watsoni, Bls. t. 8, f. 8. Popa. Avanica, Bn. t. 160, f. 7 bathyodon, Bn. t. 100, f. 7 (En.) bicolor, Hutt. t. 100, f. 6. Blanfordiana, G. A. t. 100, f. 2 brevicostis,4 Bn. (En.) Ceylanica, Pf. t. 100, f. 4. cylindroidea, Stol. t. 160, f. 10. diopsis, Bn. t. 101, f. 10. eurina, Bn. t. 101, f. 7. Evezardi, Bl. t. 101, f. 5, 6. (En.) fartoides, Th. t. 100, f. 5. filosa, Th. & St. t. 160, f. 5. gutta, Bn. t. 101, f. 9. Himalayana, Hutt. t. 101, f. 4. Huttoniana, Bn. t. 101, f. 3. Indica, Pf. t. 160, f. 8. lapidaria, Hutt. t. 100, f. 10. lignicola, Stol. t. 160, f. 6 mimula, Bn. t. 160, f. 4. muscerda, Bn. t. 160, f. 2 (En.) Pirriei, Pf. t, 100, £ 1. planguncula, Bn. t. 101, f. 2. plicidens, Bn. t. 100, f. 3. Salemensis, Bl. t. 160, f. 10. 1 J. Asi, Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 12, 13. * Compare the S. Footei, or Perotteti Footei var. of the Blan- ford’s (J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, p. 358, pl. 2 India. * Our supposed variety (pl. 8, f. 7) has been separated by Stoliezka as S, Hanleyana (J. Asi. Beng. 1871, pl. 7, f. 15): he CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. | Salwiniana, Th. t. 100, f. 9. | (En.) sculpta, Bl. t. 160, f 1. | seriola, Bn. t. 101, f. 8. serrula,® Bn. | stenopylis, Bn. t. 101, f. 1. | tutula, Bn. t. 156, f. 6. | vara, Bn, t. 100, f. 3. x CLostTopuis. Sankeyi, Bn. t. 138, £ 10. CLAUSILIA. Arakanensis, Th. t. 118, f. 8, | Asaluensis, G. A. t. 159, f. 5 | bacillum,® Bn. t. 24, f. L | bulbus, Bn. t. 24, f. 5. Ceylanica, Bn. t. 118, f. 1. cylindrica, Gray, t. 24, f. 4. _ferruginea, Bl. t. 118, f. 5, 6. fusiformis, Bl. t. 24, f. 6 | Gouldiana, Pf t. 118. £ 2) 3: insignis, Gould, t. 24, f. 2, 5. Ios, Bn. t. 24, f. 10. loxostoma, Bn. t. 24, f. 7 _Masoni, Th. t. 24, f. 8. monticola, G. A. t. 118, f. 7 ovata, Bl. t. 118, f. 4. Philippiana, Pf. t. 118, f. 10. Theobaldi,’ Bl. Vespa,® Gould (Birmah). tuba, Hanl. t. 24, f. 9. Waageni,’ Stolic. & 2, p- 106, pl. 7, f- 11, | Tonghn ; if: 6) from Southern Bouimus.!9 | Abyssinicus,!! Rup. t. 21, f. 1. adumbratus, Pf. 6. 148, f. 8. Agrensis, Kurr, t. 23, f. 1. _albizonatus, Reeve, t. 21, f. 8. Andamanicus, Thorp, t. 148, f. 10. arcuatus, Hutt. t. 20, f. 2. _atricallosus,'* Gould (Tavoy). | Bengalensis, Lam. t. 80, f. 7; t. 148, f. 6. Bontiz, Chem. t. 80, f. Boysianus, Bn. t. 22, f. 'Calcadensis, Bedd. t. candelaris, Pf. t. 19 Ceylonicus, Bn. t. {19> var. Ghicn Pistons | Cingalensis, Bn. t. 79, f. 1. | coelebs, Bn. t. 80, f. 1; var. | tinus, t. 80) f 2. 23 -‘coenopictus,'? Hutt. t. 22 f 9. densus, Pf. t. ie i (a) ~domina, Bn. t /eremita, Bn. t 93, 5. 6. 48, £. 2 2. f.2 bo” 1 iB 21, ; t. 148, cera- 2, f. . Fairbanki, Pf. t. 20, a gracilis, Hutt. t. 2 Griffithi, Bn. t. 2: : Haughtoni, Bn. t. 19, f. 1; t. 89, f. 5. _hebes, BI. t. 79, f. 10. insularis, Ebr. t. 22, f. 10. intermedius, Pf. t. 19, f. 6, 8. ® Identical with the undescribed ignota cf Th. 7 J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872, vol. 41, pt. 2 tae a rect Bost. Mon. vol. 6, p. ee be Philippiana ? 1872, vol. +1, pt. 2, p. 209, pl. 9, f. 15. p. 201, pl. 9, f. 6 NY. H. 1859, vol. 6, p. 12: Otia, p. 220:—Pr from Tavoy ; has six whorls only. Can it Compare also the vespa of J. Asi. Soe. Beng. is quite right in regarding the form with a more tapering and rounded mouth as better suited to Benson’s deseription (Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 5, p. 442), although Benson’s drawing (in our possession) represents the other. Had we then possessed the typical Sankeyi, we should have preferentially figured it: it is very like our pl. 98, f. 10, only has not a smooth base or a second lamellar tubercle. Our figured specimen is quite as large as the more characteristic form (J. Asi. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 167, pl. 7, f. 14). ‘ Bens. An. vol. 3, p.560: Kust. ed. Chemn. Pup. pore, Bengal. 5 An; Nat. Hist. 1863, ser. 3, vol. 11, p. 427.—Pfeif. Mon. Hel. vol. 6, p. 319. Central India. Nat. H. 1849, ser. 2, vol. 4—Pteif: Mon. Hel. ~edincens pl. 17,,f. 21, 22. Barrak- | ® J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872, vol. 41, pt. 2, pl. 9, £ 19: Chan- gligalli, near Marri, W. Himalayah. 10 See, also, the B. Huttoni, Pf. (Symb. pt. 3, p. 55; Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p. 118; Kust. ed. Chz. Bul. t. 17, f, 3, 4) from the * E. Indies.” " To this group belongs the B. Malabaricus of Pfeiffer (Mal. Blt. 1857, p. 156); Mon. Hel. vol. 4, p. 411, from Ahmed- nuggur. Proce. Bost. 1843, vol. 1 (copied Otia, p. 189); Bost. J, Nat. H. vol. 4, p. 457, pl. 24, f. 8.—Desh. Fér. Mol. t. 180, f. 9, 10. '8 The types of the B. lardeus of Pfeiffer (Proc. Z. 1852, p. 157). from the ‘‘ E. Indies,” belong to this species. - —punctatus,! Ant. t. 20, f. 10. SYSTEMATIC Janus,” PE: t. 19; losus). »-Jerdoni,? Bn. t. 21, f. 7 Khasianus, G. A. t. 148, f. 7. Kunawarensis, Hutt. t. 19, f. 3 latebricola, Bn. te ie és (ic f. 5 (as atrical- terebralis,’ Th. =} LIST OF Sylheticus, Reeve, t. 19, f. 9. Theobaldianus,’ Bn. t. 19, f. 10. trifasciatus, Brug. t. 21, f. 3. | trutta, BI. t. 80, f. 4. | | vibex, Hut. & Bn. t SPECIES. xi facula, Bn. t. 35, f. 1. Fairbanki, Bn. t. 18, f. 3. filosa, Bl. t. 36, f. 10. | fusca, Ad. t. 78, f. a gemma, Bn. t. 56, f. tip ASN 18 2 || | hastula, Bente tent na 99 t. am, Layardi, Bn. t. 79, f. 2, 3. fS':) te) fo | hebes, BI. t. 156, f. 2. lepidus, Gould, t. 2 £6. | vicarius, Bl. t. 22, f. 2. Hugeli, Pf. t. 78, f£. 2 lubricus, Brug. (Cashmire). Walkeri, Bn. t. 79, f. 4. | illustris;!2 @. A. t. 102, £. 9. ~ Mavortius, Reeve, t. 148, f. 5. inornata, Pf. t. 17, f. 2,3? Monssonianus, Pf. t. 21, f. 4. | ComostELe. Isis, Han. t. 155, f. 5. Maunipurensis, G. A. t. 148, f. 1. 4.) sealaris, Bn. t. 156, f. 5. Jerdoni, Bn. t. 78, f. 10. -Nilagiricus, Pf. t. 23, f. 3. nivicola, Bn. t. 22, f. 9. orbus, Bl. t. 20, f. 1. Pertica, Bn. t. 22, f. 7. » physalis, Bn. t. 21, f. 9 plicifer, Bls. t. 80, f. 8 pretermissus, Bls. t. 19, f. 4. pretiosus, Cant. t. 25, f. 7. proletarius,® Bn. t. 80, f. 3 | Anamullica,? Bl. | baculina, BI. t. pusillus,® Bl. t. 79, f 8. putus, Bn. t. 80, f. 9. rufopictus, Bn. t. 21, f. 10. rufostrigatus, Bn. t. 20, f. 4; f. 10. salsicola, Bn. t. 20, f. 8. scrobiculatus, Bl. t. 79, f. 9. segregatus, Bn. t. 80, f. 10. Sikkimensis, Bn. t. 19, f. 7. Sindicus, Bn. t. 20, f. 6 Sinensis,® Bn. t. 21, f. 5, 6 Smithei, Bn. t. 20, f. 3. speleus, Hutt. t. 28, f. 8. stalix, Bn. t. 22, f. 3. t. 23, Range). 1 Proce. Z. 1852, p. 85, with the misleading locality of New Hebrides. The type has been examined. * Pfeiffer has referred his B. Redfieldi (Mal. Blat. 1854) to this species. 3 A dwarf form of this precisely agrees with the Bb. Panos, of Benson (Ann. N. H. 1853, ser. 2, vol. 2, p. 94.—Pf. Mon. H. vol. 4, Pp: 417). 4 The B. acutus? of Hutton, from Jeypur, was probably this shell. 5 The unique type of the Bulimulus pusillus of Adams (Pr. Z. 1867, p. 3, pl. 19, f. 17) proves to be identical with the British Balea perversa, which can scarcely be a native of Ceylon. 5 The supposed B. citrinus so briefly referred to by Benson in the Asiatic Journal (Beng. vol. 5) was probably this. or Sylheticus. The yellow form comes from Akyab, the banded from near Prome. flavus, f} 1 | ; Is A Na r i, adv C4 ~ Oerzca : j a er aC ay ‘ j ‘ { — Sp rte ' L_- rr ~ [ee p whi - ACHATINA. amentum, Bn. t. 35, | Arthurii, Bn. t. 36, f. 3. (itshamdop | balanus, Bn. t. 102, f. 10. ~Beddomei, BI. t. 102, Bensoniana, Pf. t. 102, f. 3 | botellus, BI. t. 35, f. 4. Bottampotana, Bed. t. 156, f. 1. brevis, Pf. t. 18, f. 10. Burrailensis,!° G. A. (Hast Burrail Butleri,'!G.A. (East Burrail Range.) | capillacea, Pf. t. 156, f. 3. | Cassiaca, Bn. t. 36, f. 5. + Ceylanica, Pf. t. 17, f. 4. «+ Chessoni, Bn. t. 18, f. 8. corrosula, Pf. t. 18, f. 2 | erassilabris, Bn. t. 36, f. 1. | erassula, Bn. t. 36, f. 4. | Deshayesiana, Pf. t. 102, f. 2. | erosa, Bl. t. 78, f. 5. | 6, p. 223 leptospira, Bn. t. 35, f. 2, 3. lyrata,!? Bl. t. 18; f. 9: Mullorum, Bl. t. 102, f. 5. nitens, Gray, t. 17, f. 1. notigena, Bn. t. 35, f. 8, 9. obtusa, BI. t. 36, f. 6. Oreas, Bn. t. 7&, f. 9. Orobia, Bn. t. 18, f. 7, 8 orthoceras, G. A. t. 159, f. 6. pachycheila,'4 Bn. paneetha, Bn. t. 36, f. parabilis, Bn. t. 35, f. paupercula, Bls. t. 102, fe. Abe Peguensis, Bl. t. 102, f. 6. Perotteti, Pf. t. 35, f. 6. pertenuis, Bl. t. 18, f. 5 preelustris, Bn. t. 17, f. 6, 7. pulla, Bl. t. 78, f. 1. Punctogallana, Pf. t. 102, f. 4. pyramis, Bn. t. 18, f. 6. rugata, Bl. t. 102, f. 7. Sarissa, Bn. t. 35, f. 10. scrutillus, Bn. t. 18, f. 1. senator, Han. t. 155, f. 4. f. 3. f. 8; 156, £4. N bo 7 J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 401. Shan Provinces. Belongs to the Stenogyra section (Opeas). 5 Although the type does not at all agree with Gould's description of the mouth of his B. moniliferus, it is certain that he sent a specimen of it so named to one of his correspondents. If identical, Gould’s name must take priority. ® J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1866, p. 37: Cont. Mal. pt. 6.—Pf. vol. Anamullay Hills. Only a broken specimen known to us. Ww J. Asi. Soe, Beng. 1878, vol. 44, pt. 2, p. 3, t! 1, f. 6. I Td ps 4cate ds ter 1 Described by G. A. in J. Asi. Beng. 1875, vol. 44, pt. 2. p. 3. 13 See, also, J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2., p. 20 (as Glessula), pl. 8, f. 19, and var. Matheranica, from near Bombay. “4 An. Nat. Hist. 1853, p. 94.—Pf. Mon. Hel. vol. 4. p. 608. Ceylon. xil CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. serena, Bn. t. 78, f. 8. Vamulica, Blt. 17; £..9: Tornensis, Bl. t. 78, ee. : - Shiplayi, Pf. t. 36, f. 9. tenuispira, Bn. t. 36, f. 8. Vadalica, Bn. t. 35, f. 5. Singhurensis, Bl. t. 78, f. 7. textilis, Bl. t. 17, f. 10. | veruina, Bn.? subfusiformis,! Bl. Theobaldi,? Hanl. t. 17, f. 5. | OPERCULATED LAND SHELLS. DIPLoMMATINA. N.iricincta, Bl. t. 141, f. 2. | ; RaPHAULUS. Vaffinis, Th.4 / minima,"! Bedd. (Gudam Hills, Vi- chrysalis, Pf. t. 133, f. 7. v Anamallayana,’? Bedd.(Anamallays).| zagapatam). PYangulata, Th. & St. t.140, f. 7 (en-/nana, Bl. t. 140, f. 1 (enlarged). larged). |Nilgirica, Bl. t. 141, f. 4. CarauLus. V Austeni, BI. t. 119, f. 1, 4. aisue Bl. t. 141,£: 5. | aureus, Pf. t. 106, f. 9. ; v Blanfordiana, Bn. t. 119, f. 5, 6. Voligopleuris, BI. t. 119, f. 2, 3. Austenianns, Bn, t. 106, f. 7, v Burtii,® G. A. (Assam). y pachycheil&s Bn. t. 140, f. 5, 6 (en- | Blanfordi, Dohrn, t. Oe: f. 3. V Canarica,’ Beddome (N. Canara). larged). | Calcadensis, BI. t. 106, f. 10. v carneola, Stol. t. 140, f. 4(enlarged)./parvula, G. A. t. 139, f. 4 (enlarged). | decorus, Bn. t. 106, f. 5. N. Ceylanica,® Bedd. (Pedrotalle Galle, Pedronis,!” Bedd. duplicatus,'” Pf. t. 106; eee Ceylon). ypolypleuris, Bn. t. 140, f. 10 (en- | eurytrema, Pf. t. 146, f. 3. Jconvoluta,? G. A. (Kastern Burrail). heemastoma, Pf. t. 106, f. 4. , costulata, Hutt. t. 120, f. 8, 9. ¥. _ Layardi, Gray, t. 106, f. 8. Pvcrispata, Stol. t. 141, f. 6. N, Pulneyana, BI. t. 141, f. 3. leucocheilus, Ad. and R. t. 146, f. 1. Vdepressa, G. A. t. 120, f. 5, 6. vy Pupetormis,!® Th. | marginatus, Pf. t. 145, £6. v diplocheilus, Bn. t. 140, f. 2, 3 (en-y Puppensis, Bl. t. 139, f. 8, 9 (en-| Pyramidatus, Pf. t. 146, f 5. larged) larged). | recurvatus, Pf. t. 146, f. 2. arged). pce lsat BLE 119, f. 10. 4 Richthofeni, Stol. +; 141,417, 8. | Templemam, PE i 106)i v folliculus, Pf. t. 140, f. 8, 9 (en-/Salwiniana,!! Th. Thwaitesii,’* Pf. t. 106, f. 6. v scalaris, BI. t. 139, f. 2,3 (enlarged). N. Fairbanki, Bl. t. 141, f. 9. v sealaroides, Th. t. 141, f, 10. v gibbosa, Bl. t. 120, f. 1, 4. V semisculpta, Bl. t. 120, f. 7. v gracilis,'° Bedd. (Gudam Hills, Viza- Sherfaiensis, G. A. t. 119, f. 8. | Blanfordi, Th. t. 7, £. 6. espatem): a ¥sperata,!? Bl. | imbricifera, Bn. t. 7, f. 7. v Huttoni, Pf. t. 139, f.5, 6 (enlarged) “subovata,!® Bedd. Paonencistonene v insignis, G.A. t. 139,f. 10(enlarged).ytumida, G. A. t.139,f.1 (enlarged).)| > : v Jaintiaca, G. A. t. 120, f. 2, 3. | ungulata, H. Bl. t. 120, f. 10. v Jatingana, G.A.t.139,f.7(enlarged)., .) N. Kingiana, Bls. t. 141, f. 1. vy labiosa, Bl. t. 119, f. 9. _pachysiphon, Th. & St. t. 153, f. 4. larged). y pullula, Bn. t. 119, f. larged). Puprna. artata, Bn. t: 7; f. 5. | arula, Bn. t. 7, f. 4. q 4 / / ‘ $f MrGALoMASTOMA. it TT foniculatum, Bn. t. 7, f.2; t. 138, rae ks —-gravidum,” Bn ta 7, fy di STREPTAULUS. 'Blanfordi, Bn. t. 155, f. 5, 6. 1 Pr. Zool. 1869, p. 449, as A. (Glessula): Ponsee in Yunan. * From Teria Ghat. 3 An, Nat. Hist. 1853, p. 94.—Pf, Mon. Hel. vol. 4, p. 615: Nalande, Ceylon. 4 J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 398. Provinces. 5 Proc. Zool. Soc. 1875. p. 448, pl. 52, f. 5, 6. 6 J. Asi, Soc. Beng. 1875, vol. 44, pt. 2, p. 8, pl. 4, f. 1. 7 Proe. Zool. Soe. 1875, p. 442, pl. 52, f. 1. 8 Td. 1875, p. 444, pl. 52, f. 9. ® J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1875, vol. 44, pt. 2, p. 8, pl. 4, f. 8. 10 Proc. Zool. 1875, p. 442, pl. 52, f. 2. 4 Td. 1875, p. 442. pl, 52, f. 3, 4. | i} Shan | Pneum. vol. 3, p. 35: Pegu. 2 Proc. Zool. Soe, 1875, p. 443, pl. 52, f. 8. 13 J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 398. Provinces. ™ Td. 1870, vol. 39, pt. 2, p. 398. Shan Provinces. 19 Td. 1862, vol. 30, p. 142: Cont. Mal. pt. 3.—. Pf. Mon. Pn, vol. 8, p. 10. Arakan Hills. Unique, 16 Proc. Zool. Soc. 1875, p. 443, pl. 52, f. 7. 7 Runs into Templemani. F 18 In this we include the C. Cumingii of Pfeiffer (Proc. Zool. 1856, p. 889.—Sow. Th. vol. 3, pl. 264, f. 3). 19 An. Nat. Hist. 1860, ser. 3, vol. 6, p. 192.—Pfeif. Mon, In Caleutta Museum. 20 The Otopoma blennus of Benson is the young. Shan Nido Thee mars) WE Le haan fey hag pein a Sum doa Hebe SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES. pauperculum, Bn. t. 133, f. 3. sectilabrum, Gould, t. 7, f. 3. PoMarIas. Himalaye, Bn. t. 7, f. 9. Peguensis, Th. t. 7, f. 8. pleurophora, Bn. t. 7, f. 10. CREMNOCONCHUS. carinatus, Lay, t. 146, f. 10. conicus, Bl. t. 146, f. 8. Fairbanki, Bl. t. 146, f. 7. Syhadrensis, Bl. t. 146, f. 6. OmpHaotroris.! distermina, Bn. t. 145, f. 10. ACMELLA. hyalina,” Th. & St. (near Moulmein). tersa, Bn. t. 117, f. 1. Hyproczna.? Blanfordiana, Stol. t. 117, f. 2. fraterna,4 Th. & St. frustillum, Bn. t. 117, f. 5. illex, Bn. t. 117, £. 4. liratula,> Stol. pyxis, Bn. t. 117, f. 3. Rawesiana, Bn. t. 117, f. 6. JERDONIA.® Phayrei,’ Th. t. 135, f. 3. trochlea, Bn. t. 135, f. 5, 6. CRASPEDOTROPIS. cuspidatus, Bn. t. 135, f. 1, 4. fimbriata,* G. A. (W. Naga Hills). Salemensis,? Bedd. (Salem district, S. India). Mycuoroma. hirsutum, Bed. t. 136, f. 1, 4. limbiferum, Bl. t. 136, f. 2, 3. seticinctum,!® Bed. (Anamallay Mountains.) CYATHOPOMA. Ceylanicum, Bed. t. 145, f. 8. Coonoorense,!! Bl. t. 135, f. 10. Deccanense, Bl. t. 82, f. 8, 9. filocinctum, Bn. t. 82, f. 2, 3. Kalryenense,!? W. and H. Blan. Kolamulliense, Bls. t. 135, f. 8, 9. latilabre,'? Bedd.(S. Canara Ghats). Malabaricum, Bls. t. 82, f. 1, 4. malleatum, Bls. t. 82, f. 5, 6. procerum, BI. t. 135, f. 7. Shevaroyanum,'* Bedd. (Salem dis- siti tignarium, Bn. t. 82, f. 7, 10. Trayancoricum,! Bedd.( Travancore Mountains). vitreum, Bed. t. 145, f. 9. Wynaadense,'® Bl. OPISTHOSTOMA. Fairbanki, BI. t. 117, f. 8. macrostoma, Bed. t. 117, f. 9. Nilgiricum,!” Bls. t. 117, f. 10. Autycavs.!8 amphora, Bn. t. 91, f. 2, Andamaniz, Bn. t. 91, armillatus, Bn. t. 98, f. 10. Ave, BI. t. 94, f. 8, 9, 10. bembex, Bn. t. 95, f. 2, 3. bicrenatus,!? G. A. bifrons, Th. t. 93, f. 1, 4. Burtii,2° G. A. conicus, G. A. t. 108, f. 8, 9. constrictus, Bn. t. 95, f. 1, 4. crenatus, G. A. t. 103, f. 2, 3. crenulatus, Bn. t. 97, f. 1, 4. crispatus,?! G. A. cucullatus, Th. t. 96, f. 1, 4. diagonus, G. A. t. 103, f. 1. 3. edo kOe saritta, Bn. t. 117, f. 7. trict, S. India). digitatus,?? Bl. . ! The O. aurantiaca of Desh. (Voy. Belang. Z. 416, pl. 1, f. 16, 17, as Cyclost.) is a native of the Isle of Bourbon, and not from ‘‘ Pondicherry.” * J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1872, vol. 41, pt. 2, p. 338, pl. 11, f. 7. * The type of the H. mifium of Benson (An. Nat. H. 1853, ser. 2, vol. 11, p. 158), figured by Godwin-Austen (Proce. Zool. 1872, pl. 30, £.3) is the fry of some larger shell, possibly of a Pupa. | 4 J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1873, vol. 41, pt. 2, p. 332, pl. 11, f. 5, 6. Ataran Valley, near Moulmein. > Id. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 157, pl. 6, f. 6. Damotha, near Moulmein. ® At the last moment, and too late for redistribution into onr groups, a paper (Proc. Zool. 1875) on Cyathopoma (in a broader sense than usual) has reached us from Col. Beddome. The fol- lowing species are regarded by him as belonging to Jerdonia, which he regards as a section of the genus: nitidum, Blanfordi, album (? our Kolamulliense), Anamallayanum, ovatum, Siva- gherrianum, atrosetosum, elatum ; they are all figured in pl. 52, and if correctly delineated, such shapes as 14 and 17 can scarcely rank as members of the same genus. 1 The Cyclop. biliratus of Beddome (Z. P. 1875, p. 452, pl. 53, f. 34 is a synonym. 8 J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1875, vol 44, pt. 2, p. 7, pl. 4, 1. - * Proce. Zool. 1875, p. 453, pl. 53, f. 35 (as Cyclophorus). 10 Td. 1875, p. 449, pl. 53, f. 28, 24 (as Cyathop.). ‘| The striz should be closer, and not visible in the mouth : the ridges should be more marked and fewer. 2 J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, vol. 30, p. 352, pl. 2, f. 1 and Cont. Mal. pt. 2, as Cyclotus.—Pfeif. Mon. Pn. vol. 2, p. 33, as Cyclot.—Bl. J. Conch. 1868, pl. 12, f. 4, as Cya. Kalryen Hills, near Salem, S. India. 'S Proc. Zool. 1875, p. 450, pl. 53, f. 28, 29. Id. 1875, p. 451, pl. 53, f. 32, 33. 5 Id. 1875, p. 451, pl. 53, f. 30. 31. ® Jour. Conch. 1868, p. 259, pl. 12, f. 3. of Nilgherries. ” Compare O. Deceanense, Bedd. Proce. Zool. 1875, p. 444, pl. 52, f. 10, 11. See, too, his O. distortum, p. 446. ‘8 In the J. Asi, Soc. Beng. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, will be found drawings of A. Ingrami, var. Nagaensis (pl. 4, f. 3) and A, otiphorus (pl. 4, f. 6). 19 Id. 1874, vol. 43, pt. 2, p, 148, pl. 3, f£ 5. 20 J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1874, vol. 43, pt. 2, p. 149, pl. 3, f. 9. +1 Td. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 91, pl. 4, f. 1, and f. 2 (var.). | Khasia Jaintia and N. Cachar Hills. *4 Td. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 41, pl. 2, f. 4. Darjiling. b | 4 Wynaad, N. side XIV CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. expatriatus, Bl. t. 145, f. 1, 4. Feddenianus, Th. t. 91, f. 1, 4. Footei,! Bls. gemmula, Bn. t. 93, f. 7. glaber, BI. t. 97, f. 8, 9, 10. globulus,? G. A. op graphicus, Bl. t. 98, f. 7, 8, 9. hebes, Bn. t. 93, feos 102 humilis, Bl. t. 93, f. 8, 9 Jaintiacns,? G. A. inflatus,4 G. A. Ingrami, Bl. t. 92, f. 7, 10. Khasiacus, G. A. t. 103, f. 5, 6. Kurzianus, Th. & St. t. 145, f. 2, 3 margarita, Th. t. 95, f. 10: t. 97, a en multirugosus,” G. A. nitidus, Bl. t. 94, f. 4, 7. otiphorus, Bn. t. 99 f. 5, 6. - succinens, Bl. t. stylifer, Bn. t. 92 Theobaldi, Bl. t umbonalis, Bn. * urnula, Bn. t. 91, Avanns, (Spir.), vestitus, Bl. t. 103, Vuleani, Bl. t. 96, f. 8 Prerocyctos.!? Andersoni (Spir.) Bl. t. 49, f. 3, 4. ater, St. t. 142, f. 5, 6. Beddomei (Spir.), Bl. t. 154, f. 5, 6. bifrons, Pf. t. 142, f. 8, 9. pilabiatus, Sow. t. 5, f. 2. cetra, Bn. t. 134, Cingalensis, Bn. t. 5, f. 5. Cumingii, Pf. t. 49, f. 7, 8 Fairbanki, aie Bl. t. 49, f. 1, Helicinum, Pf. t. 4, f. 8. Hoffmeisteri, Guér. t. 47, ie. Iieri,!? Dros. t. 4, £: 6) 7. 99 PES AOE spheroideum,!? Dohrn (Ceylon). — 1% (shy Bs f. 4 £. 3,4. LAGOCHEILUS. Oh leporinus, Bl. t. 135, f. 2. scissimargo, Bn. t. 6, f. 7 tomotrema, Bn. t. 6, f. 8. Lepropoma.!4 apicatum, Bn. t. 142, f. 1. aspirans,!> Bn. t. 6, f. 4. conulus, Pf. t. 105, f. 1. cybeus, Bn. t. 6, f. 1. elatum, Pf. t. 142, f. 2. flammeum, Pf. t. 142, f. 3. halophilum, Bn. t. 6, f. 3. orophilum, Bn. t. 142, f. 4. Bl. t. 134, f. 8, 9. £7, S05 yol. 3, p. 63. Kolamullies, 8. India. 2 Id. 1873, vol. 43, pt. 2, p. 147, pl. 3, f. 4. * Id. 1871, vol. 40, pt. 2, p. 92, pl. 5, f. 3. Nongjinghi Hill, Jaintia. 4 Td. 1874, vol. 43, pt. 2, mae pl. 3, f. 1. 5 Id. 1874, p. 149, pl. 3, f. 5 Td. 1874, p. 148, pl. 3, f. 7 Id. 1874, p. 147, pl. 3, f. 8 Td. 1874, p. 146, pl. 3, f. ® Id. 1875, vol. 44, pt. 2, p. 8, pl. 4, f. 2. ‘0 Including, perhaps wrongly, Spiraculum and Rhiostoma. The P. Troscheli, named by Benson from a mere drawing (An. Nat. H. 1851, ser. 2, vol. 8, pl. 5), which reminds one of the P. pictus of Troschel, was unknown even to Benson himself. "' The Albersi of Benson (not Pf.) proved, when washed, to be a mere form of this very variable species. 12 A most variable shell, to which Pfeiffer refers the cornu- venatorium of Adams, and to which we must probably assign the f. 42 (not 41) of the Cyclostoma ec. v. of Sowerby’s 6. 3. 2. physis, Bn. t. 92, f. 5, 6. Feddeni, Bl. t. 5, f. 9; t. 184, f. i semiclansum, Pf, t. 6, f. 2. plectocheilus, Bn. t. 96, f. 5, 6. Gordoni (Spir.), Bat 49;£ 9; 10. | aii politus, Bl. t. 94, f. 1, 2, 3. Hanghtoni, (Rbios.), Bn. t. 5, f. 10. ; polygonoma, BI. t. 96, f. 2, 3 hispidus, (Spir.) Pears. t. 5, f. 4. semistriatus,!7 Sow. t. 4, f. 9. prosectus, Bn. t. 92, f. 2, 3. insignis, Th. t. 5, f. 6, 7. subdiscoideus,'® Sow. t. 4, f. 10. pusillus, G. A. t. 103, f. 7, 10. Mastersi, BI. t. 5, f. 1. pyramidalis, Bn. t. 91, f. 5, 6. nanus, Bn. t. 49, f. 5, 6. Drrroris. _Richthofeni, Bl. t. 94, f. 5, 6. parvus,!! Pears. t. 5, f. 3; t. 142, f.| Beddomei, Bl. t. 186, f. 8, 9 serratus,® G. A. Be, convexus, Bl. t. 136, f. 7, 10. sculptilis, Bn. t. 97, f. 5, 6. pullatus, Bn. t. 134, f. 2, 3, 4. planorbis, Bl. t. 136, f. 5, 6. Stoliezkii,7 G. A. rupestris, Bn. t. 5, f. 8. strangulatus, Hutt. t. 98, f. 2, 3 CycLopHorus.'® Birigatas,® |G. A. AvLOPOMA. affinis, Th. em, £ 7; 448) pee seulpturus,® G. A. (Munipur). . | grande, Pf. t. 47, f. 1, 2. 104, f. 1. ‘ J. Asi. Soc. Beng. 1861, p. 348, pl. 1, f. 3.—Pf. Mon. Pn. Thesaurus. 8 Malak. Blat. 1857 (vol. 4), p. 85.— Pfeif. Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 39. “ The L. Birmanum of Pfeiffer (in Kuster’s Chemnitz. Cyclos. pl. 47, f. 3, 4, 5) is merely a young Cyclophorus, and the type of the L. subconicum of Reeve has the locality attached of “Cochin China,” not Ceylon, as printed. 1° Benson's type of C. yitreum from the Andamans was a bad specimen of this; compare, likewise, the young with his Helix ceryx (An. Nat. H. 1859, p. 184). ‘6 The Malabar locality of the C. spurcus of Grateloup has not been confirmed. ™ The specimen figured links the less turbinate typical form with the C. montanus of Reeve (C. Icon. Cyclot. f. 58 (as of Pf. Mon. Pn. vol. 2, p. 23). 18 We include the C. Trailli of Pfeiffer (Proc. Zool. 1862, pl. 2, f. 4). ‘iy We have purposely omitted C. encullatus of Gould (Proc. Bost. N. H. 1856, and Otia, p. 256), the typical specimen figured in Reeye’s ‘‘Iconica,” being a mere monstrosity. SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES. XV alabastrum, Pf. t. 144, eS 5. altivagus, Bn. t. 34, f. 2, 3, 6 t. 48, f. 6 annulatus, Tros. t. 143, f. 5 4, arthriticus, Th. t. 1, f. 4. Aurora, Bn. t. 3, f. 4. Bairdi, Pf. t. 4, f. 1. balteatus, Bn. t. 3, f. 1. Bensoni, Pf. t. 34, f. 5 cadiscus, Bn. t. 105, f. 10; t. 3, £. 8,| loxostoma,® Pf. Himalayannus, Pf. t. 34, f. 4. hispidulus, Bl. t. 47, f. 5, 6. aurantiacus, Schum. t. 33, f. 4. Indicus, Desh. t. 48, f. 3. Inglisianus, Stol. t. 143, f. 8, 9. speciosus, Ph. t. 104, f. 4, 7. involvulus, Miill. t. 2, f. 1. Jerdoni, Bn. t. 33, f. 5, so Layardi, Ad. t. 104, f. 2, 3. var? £. 9. Haughtoni,® Th, t.1,£.3; t. 3, f. 6;| ravidus, Bn. t. 105, f. 5, 6. seurra, Bn. t. 105, f. 2, 3. serratizona, Thorpe, t. 14, f. 7. Shiplayi, Pf. t. 143, f. 7, 10. Siamensis, Sow. t. 48, f. 7. stenomphalos, Pf. t. 34, f. 1. stenostoma, Sow. t. 105, f. 7, 8; sublevigatns, BI. t. 34, f. 7 as Thwaitesii. Malayanus, Bn, t. 43, f. 4. subplicatulus, Bedd. t. a Tie calyx, Bn. t. 4, f. 4. Menkeanus, Phil. t. 33, f. 3. Theobaldianus, Bn. t. 1, coe var. Ceylanicus,! Pf. t. 33, f. 2 Nilagiricus,’ Bn. t. 1, f. 5. t, 144, f. 2. celoconis,? Bn. t. 4, f. 5. eratera, Bn. t. 47, f. 8. eryptomphalos, Bn. t. 3, f. 7. eytopoma,? Bn. t. 47, f. 9. deplanatus, Pf. t. 3, f. 10. £510). ophis, Hanl. t. 144, f. 6. cornu-yenatorium, Bn.t. 104, f. 5, 6.| parapsis,® Bn. (Ceylon). parma, Bn. t. 143, f. 2, 3. patens,? BI. t. 3, f. 5. ats 10), Pearsoni, Bn. t. 48, f. 5 (not t. 1, | zebrinus, Bn. t. 2, f. 2. Thwaitesu, Pf. t. 3, f. 9 (mot 8). tristis, Bl. t. 143, f. 5, 6. tryblium, Bn. t. 48, f. 1; var. t. 47, expansus, Pf. t. 2, f. 3, 4. pernobilis, Gould, t. 1, f. 7. Ororoma. exul, Bn. t. 47, f. 10. Phayrei, Th. t. 144, f. 3, 4. Hinduorum, BI. t. 6, f. 5, 6. eximius, Mous. t. 33, f. 1. phenotopicus, Bn. t. 4, f. 3. flavilabris, Bn. t. 1, z 1. pinnulifer, Bn. t. 4, f. 2. HELIctna. foliaceus,4 Chem. t. 2, f. 5, 6. polynema,!! Pf. t. 2, f. 8. Andamanica,!3 Bn. t. 6, f. 10. fulguratus, Phil. t. 144, f. 1; t. 8,| porphyriticus, Bn. t. 105, f. 4. pyrotrema,!? Bn. t. 2, f. 9, 10. Loos sharoee one Arakanensis, Bl. t. 6, f. 9. scrupulum, Bn. t. 133, f. 8, 9 FRESHWATER SHELLS. Nerimina.!4 fuliginosa, Th. t. 157, f. 8, 9 obtusa, Bn. t. 157, f. 7, 10. coluber, Thorp. t. 157, f. 10. | Perotetiana, Récl. t. 157, f. 2, 3. reticularis, Sow. t. 157, f. 5, 6 1 The reference to Sowerby by Pfeiffer, who at first (in Kuster’s Chemnitz) attributed the species to Sowerby, was f. 320, 321; the latter was omitted by our printer; the former is, how- ever, the less like our ideal. * The fine white basal groove which indents the inner lip is a useful distinguishing characteristic. * Having washed the type, the band alluded to by Benson proved to be mere dirt, and in place of paler flames near the apex there were red wary lines on a paler ground. * The C. Leai of Tryon (Amer. J. C. vol. 5, p. 111, pl. 10, f. 6), who doubts its identity with the Chemnitzian species. ° Reeve, who did not know this shell, quotes it us a synonym of exeellens (said to come from Birmah), the single type of which is much nearer his labiosus. § Proc. Zool. Soc. 1852, p. 146: Kust. Chemn. Cycl. pl. 49, f. 12, 13, as Cyclost.; Mon. Pneum. vol. 1, p. 93. Ceylon. Reere's figure (C. Icon. Cyclop. f. 83) looks yery different from Kuster’s, yet both were from Cuming’s types. 7 Found also in the jungle of Coorg. 3 An. Nat. 1853, ser. 2, vol. 12, p. 96.—Pf. Moa. Pneum. rol. 2, p. 66. Reevye's figure is not our ideal. ® This species is figured in Pfciffer's “‘ Novitates,” pl. 98, f. 3, 4. ‘0 This appears either a form of Theobildianus (?), or possibly an unrecognised species. " Cyclostoma, f. 115, of Sowerby’s Thesaurus (vol. 1) seems identical. 12 Tn Benson’s manuscript I note that he regards this species as identical with the torquatus of Hutton (J. Asi. Beng. vol. 3, p- 82) from Rajmahal. 13 According to Sowerby, this is the jaicia ge of Pfeiffer (Pr. Z. 1857, p. 111, and Mon. Pneum. vol. 2, p. 216); if so, that name would have priority, but he is wrong. “To limit our work, we have excluded the estuary speciés (of course the marine), and, perhaps, a few fluviatile ones, at least such as are found far off from the sea. The omitted shells are N. Peguensis, Bl. (?=Bengalensis, Potiez); N. rostrata, Reeve ; art erepidularia, Lam.; N. violacea, Gmel. (depressa, Bn.): N. cornucopia, Bn. (Gaerne Tros. and Indica Soul.); with biel estuary shells may be compared N, pileolus, Récl. N. intermedia, Desh., and N. mitrula, Beck (in Gal. Douai); N Layardi, Reeve; N. Colombaria, Récl.; N. triserialis, Sow.; N. Smithii, Gray (tigrina, Benson, hamuligera, Tros.); and N Coromandeliana of the Conchological Illustrations. NAVICELLA. cwrulescens, Reeve, t. 137, f. 2, 3. compressa, Pear. t. 137, f. 1, 4. Livesayi, Dohrn, t. 137, f. 8, 9. reticulata, Reeve, t. 137, f. 5, 6, squamata, Dohrn, t. 157, f. no Ancytts.! Ceylanica, Bn. t. 81, f. 1, 4. verruca, Bn. t. 81, f. 2, 3. CAMPTONYX. Theobaldi, Bn. t. 81, f. 5, 6. Whey Lee! 7 Succmea? AES et BL 4268) £7. Baconi, Pf. t. 68, f. 1, 4. Bensoni, Pf. t. 67, f. 9 Ceylanica, Pf. t. 158, f, 10. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. Puysa. (?) Coromandelica,* Dunker. CAMPTOCERAS. Austeni, Bl. t. 158, f. 3, 4. lineata, Bl. t. 158, f. 5, 6. terebra, Bl. t. 158, f. 1, 2. Limnza.4 acuminata, Lam. t. 69, f. 8, 9. amygdalus, Trosch. t. 69, f. 7, 10. auricularia,® Linneus. brevicauda, Sow. t. 158, f. 7. chlamys,® Bn. t. 69, f. 5, 6. Iuteola, Lam. t. 70, f. 5, 6. marginata,’ Michand, in Drap..Sup. ovalis, Gray, t. 70, f. 2, 3, 4. peregra,°? Linneus. ST oe episcopalis, Lea, t. 72, f. 7; t. ai tie 77 fuscata, Born, t. 109, f. 4. gloriosa, Anth. t. 72, f. 1, 2. Hanleyi, G. A. t. 110, f. 5. Herculea, Gould, t. 72, £. 5; t. 109, ey Of Hugeli, Phil. t. 71, f. 5, 6. humerosa,!° Gould (Tavoy). Irayadica, Bl. t. 71, f. 1. jugicostis, Bn. t. 110, f. 8, 9. Layardi, Dohrn, t. 73, f. 9 lineata, Gray, t. 71, f. 7. Menkiana, Lea, t. 110, f. 6. pagodula, Gould, t. 153, f. 3. Peguensis,!! Ant. t. 72, f. 6. premorsa, Tryon, t. 155, f. 2. pyramis, Bn, t. 110, f. 3, 4. collina, Bl. t. 68, f. 8, 9, ee crassiuscula, Bn. t. 68, f. 5 dancina, Pf. t. 67, f. 7. —Girnarica, Th. t. 67, f. 5 Indica, Pf. t. 67, f. 1, Lie Pfeifferi, Rossm. (Cashmire). plicata, BI. t. 67, f. 8. putris, Lin. (Cashmire). rutilans, Bl. t. 67, f. 10. fell! 19) stagnalis,® Lin. tigrina,® Dohrn. pinguis, Dohrn, t. 7 rufescens, Gray, t truncatula,® Miller. Metania.? Reevei, Brot. t. 72, £.3;t.153, f. 1, 5. Riqueti, Grat. t. 71, f. 10. rudis, Lea, t. 74, f. 7, 10. ¥ scabra, Mill. t. 73, f. 1 to 4; var. elegans, t. 73, f. 5, 6, 7; var. ? spinulosa, t. 110, f. 7. spinata, G. A. t. 109, f. 1. terebra, Bn. t. 71, f. 8, 9. 1 Labpranosa (Bet 056/618. acanthica, Dohrn (as of Lea), t. tigrina, pial re TOS ai, i. 2, ais 4 §=©110, f. 10. Tirouri ? Fér. t. 74, f. 5, 6. semiserica, Gould, t. 67, f. 2, 3. x Sah : ' vitrea, Pf. t. 68 £.2.3 baccata, Gould, t. 75, f. 1 to 4. tuberculata, Miill. t. 74, f. 1'to 4; OF, i is an Batana, Gould, t. 74, f. 8, 9. t. 73, f. 8, as Layardi. LitHotis. Broti, Dohrn, t. 71, f. 2, 3. variabilis,!2 Bn. t. 109, £..2, 3, 5, 6; rupicola, Bl. t. 81, f. 7. confusa, Dohrn, t. 72, f. 4. var. spinosa, t. 75, f. 5, 6. tumida, Bl. t. 81, f£. 8, 9 datura, Dohrn, t. 73, f. 10. zonata, Bn. t. 71, f. 4. 1 The A. Baconi of Bourgignat, if distinct, has not been found by our Indian collectors. * Compare with our species the S. rugosa of Pfeiffer (Mon. Helic. vol. 2, p:.517), said to have only two and a half whorls, an extremely short spire, and to come from near Pondicherry. 3 Mal. Blit. 1862. Two immature specimens of a short- spired Physa were obtained at Quilon by Benson, but have not the carinated spire of this (Australian ?) species. ‘ Kuster's monograph has been vainly studied. Besides sundry from that latitudinarian locality “ E. Indies,” there is a L. oliva (?=luteola)from Bengal, and a L. striata (as of Benson!) from Barrakpore, Mr. W. Blanford has sent us a specimen from near Lé, Thibet, of what proves to be the L. scalars of the Conch. Iconica, which is perhaps the biformis of Kuster, and possibly the lagotis of Kobelt (Mal. Blat. 1872). It is possibly a distorted peregra. In Wiegmann’s Archives for 1837 is a paper by Troschel on the Gangetic species, but the descriptions are much too brief. His prunum seems our pinguis, var. (f. 8), and not unlikely is the succinea of Deshayes (Voy. Belang. Zool. pl. 2, f. 187 14) from Malabar, which is not the shell so termed in Reeve’s ‘Iconica’ ; his patula we refer to rufescens; his impura is unknown to us; his cerasum, sulcatula, and nucleus, are evidently either ovalis or luteola. ’ , 5 From Affghanistan and Cashmire: too well known to figure. L. Bactriana of Hutton (inadequately described in J. Asi. Beng. 1849, p. 656) was, perhaps, peregra. ® L. hians of Sowerby’s monograph (C. Icon. Lim. f. 57, a) is the young. 7 From the Shan Provinces. 5 The type is just like a streaked form of Benson’s L. bulla ; we doubt it as a species. ® See also M, fluctuosa of Gould (Pr. Bost. N. H. vol. 2, p. 219; Otia, p. 200) from Tavoy, which is too curtly described to be identified. The Travancore Clea! Anneslyi (Pseudoliva Nassoides Hanl.) of Benson (An. Nats H. 1860, p. 258), lives in saltish water. 10 Proce. Bost. N. H. vol. 2 to M. Virginica, Say.” 1 The reference to the American Journal must be expunged ; it is only a manuscript species. 12 Too much latitude has been given to this species. We have figured the variabilis, var. vittataof Theobald (J. Asi. Beng. (1847); Otia, p. 200. “Allied SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES. melanostoma, Thorpe, t. 121, f. 8, 9. monile, Thorpe, t. 108, f. 10. nasuta, Dohrn, t. 124, f. 7. Neritoides, Reeve, t. 122, f. 8. nigricans, Reeve, t. 124, f. 1. nodulosa, Dohrn, t. 126, f. 8, 9. obesa, Phil. t. 126, f. 7, 10 ornata, Bn. t. 108, f. 8. -carinata, Sw. t. 114, f. 1. cinerea, Reeve, t. 113, f. 1. corrugata P> Swain. t. 115, f. ‘_| globosa, Swain. t. 113, f. 4, 5. Layardi, Reeve, t. Maura,° Reeve (Assam). -Pmesta, Reeve, t. 115, f. 6. «| Malabarica, Phil. t. 114, f. 2. xy TRICULA. Paludinoides, Reeve, t. 123, f. 9. nux, Reeve, t. 115, f. 1. montana, Bn: t. 155, £. 1. palustris, Lay. t. 126, f. 2, 3. olea, Reeve, t. 114, f. 8, and 9? parva, Lay. t. 108, f. 7. -| Paludinoides, Phil. t. 114, f. 5; PaLupomus. picta, Reeve, t. 122, f. 7. vars. f. 6, 7. abbreviata, Reeve, t. 125, f. 7 pyriformis, Dohrn, t. 125, f. 2, Bal saxea, Reeve, t. 115, f. 3, and var. acuta, Reeve, t. 123, f. 7. Reevei, Lay. t. 124, f. 5 f. 4. wrea, Reeve, t. 121, f. 5. regalis, Lay. t. 121, f. 7 Theobaldi, Hanl. t. 115, f. 2. bacula, Reeve, t. 124. 4 f. 10. regulata, Bn. t. 108, f. 5, 6. Tischbeini, Dohrn, t. 114, f. 3. bicincta, Reeve, t. 123, f. 10. reticulata, Bl. t. 108, f. 4. Woodwardi, Dohrn, t. 115, f. 5. Chilinoides, Reeve, t. 123, f.2. .|rotunda, BI. t. 108, f. 2 Pavan clavata, Reeve, t. 12 23, f. 4. Skinneri, Dohrn, t. 121, f. 4 brs conica, Gray, t. 124, f, 4. similis, Lay. t. 122, f. 1. =\Bengalensis, Lam. t. 76, f. 8, 9, 10; constricta, Reeve, t. 126, f. 1, 4. solida, Dohrn, t. 122, f. 4. var: gigantea, t. 77 % 5. Cumingiana, Dohrn, t. 126, a 5, 6. | Spheerica, Dohrn, t. 124, f. 8 Ceylantca, Dobrn,t: 77, 1,2: decussata, Reeve, t. 123, f. 5. re stephanus, Bn. t. 122, f. 10. Case ELC ee Eye distinguenda, Dok, t. 122, f. 3, spiralis, Reeve, (C. Ic. Pal. f. 15). | tigona, BL t. 115, f. 7. Bintata, Bosweue 195% 5. G stomatodon, Bn. t. 108, f. 1. -t dissimilis,’ Mill. t. 77, f. 3, 4, fomedanne: Waren, < 122, 6.9 sulcata, Reeve, t. 122, f. 2. doliaris, Gould, t. 77, oi ws ee es. Set oe Swainsoni, Dohrn, t. 124, f. 6. Heliciformis, Frau. t. 77, yale): fulgurata, Dohrn, t. 123, f. 1. Tanschaurica, Gmel. t. 128, f. 8. “rlecythis, Bn. t. 76, f. 6, isa Van funiculata, Reeve, t. 125, f. 1, 4. Tennantii, Reeve, t.122,f.5. ampullacea, f. 7. Gardneri, Reeve, t. 122, f. 6. Thwaitesii, Lay. t. 125, £. 8, 9. Naticoides, Th. t. 18, f1,4 globulosa, Gray, t eS st a» torrenticola, Dohrn, t. 124, f. gy oxytropis, Bn. t. dey f. 5. Hanleyi, Dohrn, t. 125, f. 10. (badly). Remossit, Bn, t. 77, aac ae > labiosa,! Bn. t. 108, f. 9. trifasciata,? Reeve (Ganges). variata, Frau. t. 115, f. 8. Layardi, Reeve, t. 121, f. 6. ae ee ee: : a Pisoni. levis, Lay. t. 108, £.3 violacea, ay. eyion). = 2 losenen ae t. 121, £9 Zeylanica, Lea. (?) subsinuata,? Dunk. Iutosa, Sonl. t. 123, f. 6. AMNICOLA. Maurus, Reeve, t. 124, f. 2, 3. pemeae e cincta,? Gould (Birmah). parvula, Hutt. t. 151, f. 8 LITHOGLYPHUS. Martabanensis, Th. t. 81, f. 10. 114, £. 4. Byruinta.!? cerameopoma, Bn. t, 38, f. 1, 4. costigera, Beck, t. 151, f. 10. 1865, vol. 34, pt. 2, pl. 9, f. 4) in pl. 153, f. 7, and variabilis, var. turrita of the same (do. f. 6) in pl. 153: f. 6; f. 5 of the same plate is closely allied tothe latter, and perhaps all three are abnormal forms of M. baccata. * Compare Gould’s Paludina petrosa (Pr. Bost. N. H. vol. 1, p- 144; Otia, p. 191) from Birmah. 2 Pr. Zool. 1852, p. 127. The worn type is very like our figure of decussata, but is not that species. 3 Pr. Zool. 1854, p. 92. 4 In addition to those indicated A. Dolioides, from S. America, has been wrongly referred to Bombay by Reeve, and A. Luzonica of Reeve with A. Sumatrensis of Philippi, attributed to Ceylon by Dohrn; these localities have not been confirmed. The A. pygmeza of Récluz, from Bombay, if not an immature shell, is probably the Amphibola referred to by Blanford as very close to his A, Birmana. 5 Compare the A. hepataria of Reeve (C. Icon. Amp. f. 77). § Conch. Icon. Ampullaria. 7 Martens assigns to this long-forgotten species the P. fallax of Frauenfeld and Reeve (C. Icon. Pal. f. 51), and agrees with Moérch and Troschel as to the identity, also, of Swainson’s P. earinata (Zool. Ill. ser. 1, pl. 98) from the Ganges; this last is referred by Frauenfeld to Remossii. The type of Reeve’s mela- nostoma (very badly figured) in C. Icon. Pal. f. 27, is, at most, a variety of dissimilis. 8 Mal. Blat. 1862, p. 40. Pondicherry. ® Proc. Bost. N. H. yol. 2; Otia, p.199. Birmah. 10 See, too, the B. truncata of Souleyet (Voy. Bonite, Zool. xvill CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. goniostoma, Hutt. t. 37, lutea '). inconspicua, Dohrn, t. 37, f. 5, 6. 1 f. 77 (as VALVATA. piscinalis, Miiller. (Cashmire). Ivavadica, Bl. t. 37, f. 10. PLANORBIS. Nassa,?’ Thi 37, £8, 9. calathus, Bn. t. 39; £1, 2; 3. orcula, Bn. t. 38, f. 8, 9. ‘| Cantori! Bn. t. 40, f. 1, 2, 3. pulchella, Bn. t. 38, f. 5,6. ° cenosus, Bn. t. 39, f. 7, 8, 9. stenothyroides, Dohrn, t. 38, f. 7, 10. Travancorica, Bn. t. 38, f. 2, 3. compressus, Hut. t. 99, f. 1, 4. convexiusculus, Hut. t f 10. elegantulus, Dohrn, t. 151, f. 1, 2,3 exustus, Desh. t. 39, f. 10; t. 40,: sey 10), hyptiocyclos, Bn. t. 99, f. 5, 6, 7. labiatus,* Bn. Merguiensis, Phil. t. 151, f. 5, 6. rotulaY Bn..t. 99, f, 2, 3. Sindicus; Bn. t. 40, f. 4, 5, 6. Stelzneri, Dohrn, t. 151, f. 6, 7 Trochoidexs, Bn. t. 39, 't 4, 5, 6. umbilicalis; Bn. t. 40, f. 7, 8, 9. ? zebrinus, Dunk. BRACKISH -WATER SHELLS. Nematura.? Deltw, Bn. 6.137, £2: foveolata, Bn. t. 37, f. 3. minima,® Sow. t. 37, f. 1. 348, pl. 31, f. 22, 23, 24) from the Ganges, said to have a black peristome. It reminds one of cerameopoma. 1 Three species were found on Gray’s type-tablet, of which the one which agreed the best with his very bald and indefinite description was nearer inconspicua. ? Add to the synonymy ‘J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1870, vol 39, pt. 2, p. 402, pl. 18, f. 8.” * The inadequately defined pusilla of Gray (An, Phil. 1825) may be compared, monilifera,’ Bn. t. 37, f. 4. SOA * Ann. Nat. H. 1840, p. 50, The type, said to have a whitish rib near its mouth, which do not exhibit the other features required, could not be deseried in Benson’s collection. > Strictly speaking, this genus should have been excluded from our work ; our design was at first too comprehensive. ® Add ‘ Chilka Lake.” 7 Add “Stenothyra m, Bl. Cont. Mal. pt. 8, pl. 2, f. 15, from Pert Dalhousie, Bassein, Pegu.” a character perceptible in several species Moradabad. Plate | EC3 hagten sis. Nevill. South Khast Hills : ( Pett GR 5s leads Naw 2S GB. Sowerby, del.et lith Vy { Vincent Br i 7h Cyclo phorus Flavilabris A L. Reeve &C° Pulblighers 5 Henrisctta 5t.Covent Garden 4. C . arthrilicus . 2.C .Theobaldianus . Ayek ae G Rilagiricus. «See Cc. haughloni 6. C.Rarsoni. « 7.C _ pernobilrs ? xvi goniostoma, Hutt. t. 37, f. 7 (as lutea !). inconspicua, Dohrn, t. 37, f. 5, 6. Iravadica, BI. t. 37, f. 10 Nassa,? Th. t. 37, f. 8, 9 orcula,? Bn. t. 38, f. 8, 9. pulchella, Bn. t. 38, f. 5, 6. stenothyroides, Dohrn, t. 38, f. 7, CONCHOLOGIA VALVATA. piscinalis, Miiller. (Cas ; PLANORBIS.. calathus, Bu. t..89;£ ‘| Cantori; Bn. t. 40, f. 1, ‘ cenosus, Bn. t. 39, f. 7, compressus, Hut. t. 99, 4 10. convexiusculus, Hut. t. Travancorica, Bn. t. 38, f. 2, 3. iO} elegantulus, Dohrn, t. 151 BRACKISH-WATER ~~ Nematura.® Deltsw, Bn. t. 37, f. 2. 548, pl. 31, f. 22, 28, 24) from the Ganges, said to have a black peristome, It reminds one of cerameopoma. Three species were found on Gray’s type-tablet, of which the one which agreed the best with his very bald and indefinite description was nearer inconspicua. 2 Add to the synonymy ‘J. Asi. Soe. Beng. 1870, vol 39, pt. 2, p. 402, pl. 18, f. 8.” * The inadequately defined pusilla of Gray (An. Phil. 1825) may be compared. foveolata, Bn. t. 37, f. 3. minima,® Sow. t. 37, f. 1. ——_, — SOA * Ann. Nat. H. 1850, p. 60, The type, said to have a whitish rib near its mouth, a character perceptible in several species which do not exhibit the other features required, could not be deseried in Benson’s collection. Moradabad. ° Strictly speaking, this genus should have been excluded from our work ; our design was at first too comprehensive. ® Add “ Chilka Lake.” 7 Add “Stenothyra m. Bl. Cont. Mal. pt. 8, pl. 2, f. 15, from Pert Dalhousie, Bassein, Pegu.” + ui ! te = Plate +B.So by del et lit = a 9c Sowerby, del. et lith : D Vincent Brooks Day&Son, Imp 7. Cyclo phorus flavilabris . L. Reeve Tawa Snes 5 Henrictta St.Covent Garden 4. C : arlhriticus A | 2.C .Theobaldianus ~ Ayet ol eG Tila pepreiies a faa c- haughloni i! liu 6. C.Rarsoni . mC _ pernobilrs ; | a Cae? G.B. Sowerby, del et liti Vi B Day &Son, I: J owerby, del L incent Brooks Day &Son, Imp - L Reeve & C9 Publishers 5. Henriett GS B. Sow ecby, del et lith f Henriet Plate II Vincent Brooks Day & Son, lm 2 « GB. Sowerby, del.et lith rf. We orus. Barra? . e ” . pinne lifer. Cee . anoloprcus . F a calyx : BO yclophorus ca loconus . 6 .lulopome Stier? , var. Plate IV Vincent Brooks, Da sat inp T Reeve £C° Publishers 5, Henrietta St Covent Garde a dulpona Wter? s 2C1CONUM , 4. Cyelotas semistrialirs 10. Ub scordens . Plate V 5. B. Sowerby, del,et lith Vincent Brooks Day &Son, Imp 1.Pleracytlas. Sp . MU BSTIT ST. Receve CR Bichead 5 oncietta Su Covers Garde s.Herocyclos rupestrls 2." ». Y bilabralus . +.Pltrocyelos. Sp hispidus. Cae : Feddeni . 3.” os pares . i ny Congalinsis 10.2 ee haughlone 6.7." ee EN ade ; Plate VI. 5 6 re) ~ l (J L \ - { Ee \\ ae 1g } > - a i) 8 / } i | €Bp, ; a) 10 G.B. Sowerby, delet lith Vincent Brooks, Day &£Son, Imp 1 Leplopoma cybens a. r . Semit(ausum , => hams Aalophi/um . $.Olopoma hinduorum. 9 Aelicina . Orakanens?s - i. es, Uspirans O.- » Rinduorum. var. 10. » » Undamanica. Tl. Reeve & C° Publishers.5, Henrietta St. Covent Garden # Lagocheitus SCISSIIMMNGO | pre fomolrermnu . Og Vothate ye GB Sowerby, del et lith _ 7. “4 Se halo leva a5. . ee ” 24. Puping ; ravlidum . funiculalim sec labrum . arula . L Reeve& C° Publishers 6. Gs Pupin 1 ae 5 Henrietta St Covent Garden arlala . Blanfords Plate VII Vincent Brooks,Day&Son,Imp. 7. Pupina. rnbricifera . / &.Pomalias. Lrquensts , nae » Pimealayee - 4a % Plurophorus ba Plate VIII > os G. B Sowerby, del. et lith Vincent Brooks, Day &Son, Imp. 1. Boysia — Benson? . | A wee ye 2, Aypsestoma. Bensonianum. or es Bp ee eae ; ED, SS WALSO . lubiferum . (Ss. ie. (get seahy Sirbd sheen Theobald oi, laxis. = Pelle RGus , Qntlamunica to.» : Beienforde mee Plate IX 5 } a } s / : Vincent Brooks, Day&Son, Imp 1. Spalia Solent forms . oe a ccwaen £. Pseudodon. Sulwentapun . im Pseudodon. INOSCULUSIS. cA Trigonotton ovbpslttulin. vir aA Trgonoion crebrislrialit jn. 6. Unio Lamtllalus . var. Plate X 6 If G.B Sowerby, del et lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son, Imp Unio. ol’varius . S$ Unio. smaragiits : L.Reeve & Co Publishers, 5 Henrietta St.Covent Garden F 2.40 + . macllenlus. 6.* +», Bonneaudl . 3. + . radula. Ta! ee Vincent Brooks Day&Son. Img GB. Sowerby delet lith es Uni'o Sie flauidens : L. Reeve & Co Publishers, 5, Henrietta St.Covent Garden 4. Unio : SiNhIMi (2 s/s 5 a.+ + flavtilens var. pinax. $5» .ensplsulcalus . ie a plagiosoma 6. + Ltposlris . GB. Sowerby del et lith Manes Brooks othe Son es /. Unio = pathy SOMA . I Reeve & CoPublishers, 5 Henrietta St.Covent Garden #4. Unto erbydont . Ua. 2.» +» .Gerbydone . gs. 9. eca . 3.» * . ceruleus. eae liome ; Plate XIII cr AlLt’” vf / 9b. Sowerby, delet lith sith. achalina Vingent Brooks Day&Son Imp a. pleelosloma 7 Htlix. angina . L Reeve &Co. Publishers 5, Henrietta St Covent Garden to ails elophis . Bo ee perarcle $.Hiix. penacs. Orc" reyes a. #0 * . PLPEPCUssa . 6. » . Aarenorum 1O.4" cyclaspis Plate XIV. Be nt Brooks Day&£SontImp. , SYHMES I, PLGULENSCS . 0. Arooli . bifoveala. : Nik . 2? © .PPPONEL. & Nel x. Capilium . 9.- + . deltbrate © var. ee pabale Bek. ox on bpipdee wo. + . Heltbrals . G.BSowerbydel.etlith . , ; 1 Hii Charpentier L Reeve & Co. Publishers, 5 Henrietta StCovent Garden é. Ww & & 1 Nelix. 2.° ae # Plate XV 7 &. & 2. 3. Ye | é. Ke) SS EEA 70. i GB as del. lith Vincent Brooks, Day &Son,Imp i ihe , Merk Pe, co cena ae Welt x: . Oldham. kid. = ve ishers,5,HenriettaSt Covent Garden pylatca . Keg 2.+ + Matlone. p Tichtllit. Berk $s. Nei. rolaloria Vlg. - Mldinsone. Wak Uhoulongrnsis ee lapeina .b 1.» - lapernavar Upahanensis. Plate XVI a: 70. Melis J GB Sowerby, del.et lith. Vincent Brooks, Day €Son, Imp P Je vgis i. 6 MUL . pascaudte . L Reeve & Co Publishers. 5, Henrietta St. Covent Garden 7 S i “/) vr. Vi y aly j nly aS . ralulalor . Bo, CADIS . Cassilult, | 5. Nelex. faslhiyinlir. 9.- + . Poongee. a p ow ABDIVANS . 6 .n . Confints | yo. +» .lerbyne. Dion sie i eo the inl rey Sowerby, del.et lith Reeve & Co. Publishers, 5, Henrietta St Covent Garden Plate XVII Vincent Brooks, Day Son, Imp Sowerby.del.et lth - > 1 aw L. Reeve & Co. Publishers, 5,Henrietta St Covent Garden Plate XVIII Vincent Brooks Day&Son, Imp Plate XIX 70. Sowerby. del.et lith. Vincent Brooks Day &Son, Imp L. Reeve & Co.Publishers, 5. Henrietta St.Covent Garden Parr = Plate XX Ay (AA Hl P t ih ya fhe ah a ’ ( i ¢ m 8 4. j ¢ '. < ‘ } “N 1 ! ft 5 é ie \ - ' ~< - 7. £ C =| ’ ? 8. par 5 70. Sowerby, del.et lith Vincent Brooks, Day &Son, Imp L. Reeve & Co. Publishers, 5, Henrietta St. Covent Garden Plate XX] iy é fp 4 } be oleh Omey fe ay a aan . bdr, G.B. Sowerby delet lith Vincent Brooks, Day &Son, Imp L. Reeve & Gb. Publishers, 5, Henrietta St.Covent Garden. Plate XXII , | Dar Nn r Iha ; a J Ta fo ) ‘ t ae N\ " its ? mn Ly ph" 1. /} 0 bE G LLL . fe 1 ke A AAS % Sor 3 4. fi oe iP ad ‘ f t fh i De . 6. 5 f -y f2 = = : . ws j Vi ee > LVS ? = ; 4 t- Qt t | | ae? Ad 5 a) ¥ ’ 8. vA 7) AA yy alice 70. G.B. Sowerby delet lith Vincent Brooks, Day&Son, Imp L-Reeve &Co. Publishers,5, Henrietta St.Covent Garden. Plate XXIII. 3. — > ye : ‘ > yi 4 g ; p ) ; } o : ib o ) | gt 7 ogee <_< pL i ; <—_ a ¥ t - ‘ ) | ~ 1) lA F) hat rae i \. Ps 8 \3 . Sowerby, del.et lith. Vincent Brooks, Day &Son, Imp I Reéve & Co. Publishers, 5, Henrietta St. Covent Garden P Rae a . Aa wy \ _ . 1 ; ‘ i, si ' er ae i i f ‘ ai i i a ai 7 f i on i i, / ve = ; tt hays ; 7 ’ 1 \ ed 4 . ( | ‘ \ i ” er : we , ules Sy ar 7 i fi . a T = Se s Q g o & a 70. Vincent Brooks, Day & Son,Imp by, del et lith Sower L. Reeve & Co.Publishers 5, Henrietta St.Covent Garden , “ . \ \ . { a" _ A f Yh f y ere we i an, y penta ay la La ; ae we ie wey ry eee eee en fs late XXVI._ “ by del et lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son Lith I, Reeve & C2 Publishers,5 Henrietta St Covent Garden % GB. Sowerby, del et lith I, Reeve &C? Publishers, 5. Henrietta S* Covent Garden Plate XXVIL. Vincent Brooks Day & Son, Imp ) | y 7 T y 7 ' < ‘ - } yt ‘yi ae \ f 7 , u } i \ oe \ bl b . : j { > vivrl Ss : ‘ ae ely =) ; i ¥ i -— _ K : i Api i] A ee Plate XXVIII b 4 / GB. Sowerby, del et lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son, Imp L.Reeve &C? Publishers, 5,Henrietia St Covent Garden ee G.B Sowerby, del. lith ih reelos < ny A a om Shoe jt #2, : - | rn x Vis > ae 10. L Reeve &Co. Publishers, 5, Henrietta St.Covent Garden Plate XXIX . Vincent Brooks, Day &Son, Imp sy a EE 3. CB. Sowerby, del et lith. L. Reeve &Co. Publishers, 5, Henrietta St.Covent Garéen. Plate XXX. Vineent Brooks Day &San, Imp. GB Sowerby, del et lith. L Reeve & Co Publishers, 5 Henrietta St.Covent Garden Plate XXX] Vincent Brooks, Day &Son,Imp — mt Py — GB Sowerby, del.et lith. I Reeve&Co Publishers, 5, Henrietta St Covent Garden. Plate XXXII. Vincent Brooks, Day &Son, Imp Reeve & Co. Publishers 5, Henrietta St.Covent Garden Vincent Bro Plate XXXIV G.B. Sowerby, del et lith Vincent Brooks, Day&Son, Imp L Reeve £Co Publishers,5,Henriett St Covent Garaer o G.B Sowerby, del.et lith 1 A. 7 Runs VAMAd 4 a k +B CL fal} 10. d L Reeve& Co. Publishers, 5 Henrietta St. Covent Garden Plate XXXV. oF ba baw fw Vincent Brooks, Day&Son, Imp l AAA, Plate XXXVI. (natdute 4. / 7 é. 7 Wr U ) it A ey p> yee . Why Ih / ot i pe A are 9. 8. 70. G.B. Sowerby, del.et lith Vincent Brooks,Day Son, Imp LReeve& Co Publishers,5,Henrietta St. Covent Garden. G.B. Sowerby: del.et ith v) 7 | 3 4. « (6 uw 6 Vincent Brooks: Day &Son, Imp L. Reeve & Co. Publishers, 5, Henrietta St. Covent Garden ‘ 7 ey : ed fie ry ) \ ‘ A i Lae? - = i, b i 5 f ae 7 » ‘ 4 : y : + a ' é 7 La - ' 7 a : Md cL = 4 aA ; S a . ‘ . \ r . C3 - GB. Sowerby, del.&t hth. L Reeve & Oo. Publishers,5, Henrietta St. Covent Garden. Plate XXXVIIL. Vincent Brooks, Day&Son, Imp *e oe \ x . + ; ‘i " = * \ 7 B i : j ¥ ’ . = % We Plate XXXIX. 2. 5 eS A og e = S 8 a j Fe G.B Sowerby, del et lith. I Reeve & Co. Publishers. 5, Henrietta St. Covent Garden ° Plate XL. — 4 \ ie U 1 py ——1 fe 2 2. 3. — — ce GB Sowerby, delet lith - y VX DIA Vincent Brodks Day&Son Imp L. Reeve & Co Publishers 5, Henrietta St.Covent Garden. lale eT - Sed pe BD son, Imp c &s Vineent Brooks Day lishers o.Publis LO ® o é _ 4 ~ | . aie sa Ve L ' y (| hy fas i ; 1 _ rf x . a tee iy) | - $ , i SD nee, ‘OU. & e is i xn = i 7 van) 7 - ; 7 i - 7 bal ni : * \ ;. 1 * ye a" ia or / \ ( \ Uap . ' 7 : : , an rr i a = = = 10. we r >) erby, del et litt Vincent Brooks,Day &Son Imp lishers,5,Henrietta St Covent Garden iat ee r 4 f ni i ie 4 hi ay ie , vey 7 Lie . - ; ; - ’ ; , Lp \ A ni a . J \ \ . j . j . i sales —_ oe is a ‘ a P xs) bab f abel | > a = ob Os aye ‘ on y aie oP ? + i ¢ Ci “— f \ ’ : ; ) , 1 ~ : \ < = ‘ 3 > i # = = ae ~ = § . . } } { r Zz 3 COrrt [CG es ee | SB Sowerby. delet lith OF be s L Reeve & Co. Publishers, 5, Henrietta St.Covent Garden la. 3, ele benln Gary. (. Tiatanerre - +9. ?. hehatina Sr - he a te edontop hora My ek Caney « “I Tilo. & Mechy bleel& «Hy = Marat now. GB .Sowerby,del et lith L Reeve & Co. Publishers, 5, Henrietta St. Covent Garden Plate LVIII Vincent Brooks Day &5on, Imp GB Sowerby, delet lith. Vincent Brooks, Day & Son, Imp L Reeve & Co Publishers, 5, Henrietta St Covent Garden Plate LX — 2. 2 vo ‘ t Te , TV seal + y 4 a S. Gi -— 7. wv” gs - of be 1 St ‘ re he be J” fp af” | ed fn = (Le? G.B. Sowerby, det. et lith Vincent Brooks, Day & Son, Imp L Reeve & Co. Publishers, 5, Henrietta St.Covent Garden Vincent Brooks Day & Son, imp. L Reeve & 7° Peblisters, 5 Henrietta St Covent arden. & Fowmalis. bil. ae ynama -bullon Jak. amas is. iN _ a % - rPUL. Wush: 2 owerby, del et ith 70 &) Vincent. Brooks Day & Son, Imp +B. Sowerby, delet lith ~* hy Joauay. ied | L Reeve & C° 10 Publishers, 5 Henrietta S* C Vincent Br >> }> ov] ) i} /0 de i fncent Brooks Day Sou, Imp Re Publist Henrietta §* Covent Garden He a - , 5. + lpdayum- Walt Blut rt! od A 7 s S 10 G.B.Sowerby.delet Lith. L.Reeve & O° Publishers 5 Henrietta ri ; @) _ > ? Pet pn ZB. pairs gf =e Sh a ie J ae A 4x / 7 “ a Heedlere:- fp Baye sie l2fsnil, heck : 2 OV. Pretdland: Gl Gb ae é S? Covent Garden . 4 Plate LXV. Vineent Brooks,D ayk on Imp ‘ r ‘ Plate LXV] 4) & 70 GB Sowerby.delet lth Varteithrocke lark Sa L.Reeve & C° Publishers, 5, Henriette S” Covent Garden Culeua. 5) > ay TR 4. tp F wi ‘ED C a ° ce baad 3 © (Le LAL f,IA7d \ Cy ‘ 5 iS ry bs Plate LXV iS) 1 yt ~ / : 5 7 sa phe Ay es ; o ni 10 : C.B.Sowerby.delet Lith. Vincent Brooks Day’: Son Imp. L.Reeve & 0° Publishers, 5 Henrietta S? Covent Garden . oe art oe a fe 44 fecal SSO cated cd. 5. 5 Gc ee, Took © r sere Q| Se | 2: Pere VS ALINATLA ctatig? ( S Adneina SH 8. SDlicala DY. 9.0). eudons | WA. oe oe | ae a | ‘ EE G.B Sowerby.deletlith. > ‘ ae Baar : Weet hen Witton. Sait DS Yue Aly: - i 3- os j= Ja O* L Reeve & C° Publishers, 5,Henrietta S” Covent Garden. a : >). Cinssivteula 7S 1ue uUnumal. pit ‘ Plate LXVIL Vineent Brooks Day& Son Imp. ‘ COULhRA Ut 10. 9. Gta. Yan. |} Sea La) G.B.Sowerby.deletlith. L Reeve & O° Publishers 5 Henrietta S¥ Covent Garden . Sint. ep mene oe. Soa het in Nie, Futobetund i: Dn heseend. V9 £ sae jo. 7 ie Anya call. “Ys: | ce M v Pas i) patula « 5 iT Plate LXIX. Vincent Brooks Day& Son Imp. SM ' Ei om A ituminala din : ‘ Plate LX - | G.B.Sowerby.del et Lith . Vincent Brooks Day& Son Imp. L.Reeve & 0° Publishers,5,Henrietta S? Covent Garden . - Wed hufestned.4 Nam - Yor <'h- ovales Dn, Wap sae Rlutecl lq. Mer ft: hingucs. Bohs we 6.1 p. wags Kees i Au fescoud, Grad LE. Sbrigata. : IT "Yan. .) lheleca . eee pa yar. 5) Plate LXXl Q J ° ; J / F —s5 i 16: rae: y) S 72 : d y eg + Py =) 5 1 ++ 1 3 0 ron . A f 7 ‘ 28, YY 4 ye v - \ 2 eee ae : 7 Mind bs ¥ Mh ey Fal rit ‘ jele entBroo L.Reeve & 0°? Publishers, 5 Henrietta 8? Covent Garden { ' - < * 4 6 fa pe 1 yas ee A a © : & 1 fa ; Z i ly A i: j d f the Q! * As ye . Ad c % ; p r my ee F i ce i aD fi ; on, i mn i : _ _ ‘ Ls AMT : bai! ie y if “ i Ath : 7 oP - - ag we d Tye ny ae ‘afl ye : Wee male + ; ry ih ) vo mui io : i, k ; y 7 \ é i C poe eT @ { \ 4 ‘ , | \ \ a \ j : \ L.Reeve & O° Publishers 6 Henrietta S’ Covent Garden. : i ( ’ j a es: hy Fale f i ? iT re yy, , i 7 iy. , - ai { —_ ‘Dar " t t oe a Wy Ag J i . he a " 4 : ‘ : f 4 \ ® ; 7 e “ { i i L.Reeve & 0° Publishers,5 Henrietta S’ Covent Garden . E a e oT, & ers s i 4) = \ 4) a te Go Vincent Brooks, D aye Son Imp Ae MAG LA heeded - aid (\ Ve A a wWuntnireks. L.Reeve & O° Publishers, 5,Henrietta S’ Covent re) mt SLULKA - = h — F oe ; ; A . ih og... letmonses. OU. . Sllaragndes it ddd. 4 - -Sres PL. LXXVII. ——— = 10 Vineent Brooks Day & Sx mo Ienp PL. LXXIX. ft 1 f J f aye (yw Le i f - ¢ t¢ & 4 thong ‘ v) é fei ~ 1 fm *) Yer. 4 1 eA os Get j ‘ ~~ 5 al » ¥Lei & - ‘ ¢ = yee ur é ( ; It ee md Ane er Ns ”) lyfe ¢ ra 2-7 4 f 4] k- 1 { nan tad | a4] | (L¢" ee eh ae Mp eS \ » AA ™ / i: hes A r) & } nit \ ‘) yw" | [Wr i 10. C.B.Sowetby.deleslith. Vineent Brooks Day % Son Imp - masa se Pee ae, a 1 ao / fi hs een Pity) 5. ayardi (os. H: Walknr. bs. 5 Naughton Var A’. 6-Buks dedi. Ap. 4 5 / Je, ff pp. pean. 8.’ Pusillas bY. om Bul Seroticutalis SY. In. hebey. Wa ME i ; L.Reeve & C® Publishers, 5, Henrietta S” Covent Garden. galernsis eh. 2 U ‘ i e r " L, iy i i an » een ee rice! yw ; Fi Be " » ' y a & 5 ; , ; aa \ H a t 7 F Oey, Y i N t fi haan rr re r, y ¥ , ee 3 1 ; ‘ \ ' \ m wens « “ * 0 ‘ i : ways) © ye, mv. ay * i} me ’ eat as hh a 1 7 i ee i ” ‘ i i rr hi f sod ay y iso . PL. LXXX. Vincent Brooks Davi: Son trax G.B.Sowerby.delet Lith aba, L.Reeve & C° Publishers,5 Henrietta S’ Covent Garden. ff a hued cgloly. MM. 2.2 celbe.rir-- 3. Bulsproleloid A. 4B. tala .S- B Bontig Chew: 9B Leficdud. 7 ’ bs Crate. earrre pallens Ran: S . B. jliceyer By. VA lel ) pulies. ee. (0 eayega Sip dad, 5 a & C.B Sowerby-delet Lith. Plate LXXX]. 7 ch “ih ” — We 3 4 6 7 (A g Vincent Brooks Dayé Son imp. L.Reeve & C° Publishers, 5 Henrietta S Covent Garden. 2 aa GB Sowerby-del et Tith. ————————— ——— = TYV\VTT Plate LXXX TI. 4 3 4 — e/ 6 7 . g JO Vincent Brooks Dar: Son knp L-Reeve & O° Publishers, 5 Henrietta S’ Covent Garden. a : : he me a rf _ ua? ‘ 1 jj 7 cs mn q ’ : ; vi hive ad “iy 6 110 9) 2 eg Jt 1 a ns - Gt r j ‘ oe * * i) }! » ; | \ a { * | 4 - " . q oo fut 7 2) 4 , & & GB Sowerby.delet Tith. Plate LXXXU] 6 Vincent Brooks Dayé Son Imp L.Reeve & O° Publishers. 5 Henrietta S’ Covent Garden. ——~ GB Sowerby-deletlith . JO L. Reeve & 0° Publishers, 6 Henrietta S° Covent Garden. Plate LXXXIV. 6 Vincent Brooks, Day&Son imp. ' 5 \\ avian Lt ty Orv & 70 L.Reeve & C° Publishers, 5 Henrietta S? Covent Garden . Pl. LXXKY. Vincent Brooks, D abe Son, imp Sr a Di TXYXYV L. dats Si“ V1. ] Be ps L} 4 ass } tho-“az PE 5 Y jie Ss wa 2 _ pet : Ap 4 i 3 x if [IY Pe pH YW A Cu" a Pee ay ef bt écaé, - g 5 6 VI le a 8 p -) ad 70 GB Sowerbydeletlith. Vincent Brocks Day& Son Imp. L Reeve & O° Publishers, Henrietta S’ Covent Garden. ‘ Ny rae {yr Vr Vy l I - a os x ine nM,’ Weare } pl P \ > x ——— t us A ; a Li yas 1 Ty V v 3. B.Sowerby.delet Lith. s L.Reeve & O° Publishers, 5 Henrietta 8’ Covent Garden Vincent Brooks Day& Son Imp Pl. XCIL. | by _ : @& a onl 1 a | g x -——— 10 GB Sowerby.delet Lith. Vincent Brooks Day# Son Imp. L. Reeve k C° Publishers, 5. Henriette S’ Covent Gardex ee eee zh ha mane i Ne wt i Berea nae ; sae ere Sse a < on (en . | eee ea es fo. a omy i aa ic Ae ee en eee Ch, ) . ‘ WV Plate XCIII. i > MY 7 le yv\ le Ww Tay ip) \o |? 1 ey r t fv VA ed Wa Z \cx a Gall \ ; % | ‘ 2 3 \ ¢ \ ry a ——F b — io \ AY we ae & Ny x \y> ——" aNS ll Nn Vv Aw 8 OF: oa : «s a G.B.Sowerby,del et lith * Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp DReeve & C? Pablishers,5,Henrietta St. Covent Garden = 2 pf - Qe, O ) | y -_ oY pA PAD e Pe Ge > «tlh Ac” 7 \ ee 1. oy i] — 1 @ Y G_B Sowerby, del et lith Plate XCIV. ee \y \ FP ii lh § ~ 7 = 5 \| 7 VAV 1d -O eS uv wr ~~ fis a — i, — 7 ae g = . 10 Vincent Brooks-Day & Son Imp L Reeve & C° Publishers 5, Henrietta St. Covent Garden A n nh {ba OT i i F i : es ie (aan ra may A : is ii : oe mH a bis ; : ve y y j eae fe . ; ’ , } oo" ; f — : ‘ ’ \ ' T iy Plate XCV \o> a, \ es f r fc 5 y™ \ / be, | f ad eas Lk Vv a \ a oa 3 2 a 4 . - — a a F en {sv = [Peal | Nn Le | rd \, DA \¢ ; v A she: | rte 3) Ms \ J E n ae B nny ie | | - - | Me. | : GB Sowerby, dd et hth Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp L.Reeve & C° Publishers, 5, Henrietta. Su. Covent Garden A ie ih Lay A in b i 7 they mal - . W ‘9 ; é rf i . Fr f ie : t | F } i a ; : | i ‘ iv \ y » al 1 8 ( : \ ey ” ei, ‘ 7 q i ee i} sf : Ne i r > e ; ' t. 4 \ ' 4 ® { \ * es A ~ : 5 its os - a a Plate XCVI. Ah gh aS > s% x - i os ) Oa L pA ie. ww z AS 1) > 3X7 ‘ RN 7 ra eS » od = ; ve, o \~ ae ta | RU ) \ . y if a ~~ 2 3 La ts 4 + “Miia . \ : = ics ae a \ pip 1 \ Vio \ EK 6G Ge oe 5 6 Wit : ple ' ‘ U” 1 r wy, mar Ves i \/ VE Pa ae > 0 6 Ca / ie if - x 1 Xe ; * Leh 7 he | = Pn \.4 \ rv & 10 GB Sowerby, del et lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son, Imp L.Reeve & C° Publishers, 5Henrietia St. Covent Garden i q ' 7 ee "| " } im > Me ee i i ne ae mre F ‘iat Oh ay ee i vv ie "avid es _ vist tai : P wa A) ’ " \ ™ ‘O if a) nie i dl et NM Kar foil { fa ' " = Net rae, f aly : at / yy 4 / H . \ { ‘ \ \ L i 0 } eat - cote “ / _ iat ” ; : 3 ; x. F 7p) TR, t ©) ere oan WS 9 ai - | -_ | / ne—<« & j YT 2 — Ch U is 10 GB Sowerby-delet lit : L.Reeve & 0° Publishers 5 Henrietta S’ Covent Garden. , Plate XCVII 7 —-f/s = CG . 4 : a Be, s a eae a an oe Vincent Brooks Day&S on Imp ‘ . ® / rene ti *) t) 6 6 i ; fe: . it - "she » + ‘ Plate XCVIL & Gs me 5 6 oil -——————4 GB Sowerby.deletlith. VineentBrocks Dayle Son imp. L.Reeve & C° Publishers, 5, Henrietta S® Covent Garden - Plate XCIX Qe e 3B 4. _—— — 2 6 3 7]. $ ug. 70 GB. Sowerby-delet ith : Vincent Brooks, Day& Son Timp. L.Reeve & O° Publishers, 5 Henrietta S* Covent Garden. Plate CG yr} 2% \ v 1 /] \ \ +r) = : } me; & ¢ / / ae . ~ \ “ . ’ ,~ “ \, w\ \ \ 5 AES oe y) 2 3. ¥ Ke E, | 4d r . } cae fe a ; | > } A | @ S™ 5 . : " C Ve Ms 0 ie 4 7. Rs a2 I l s 2 I0 GB Sowerby.delet Lith. Vincent Brooks Day& Son Imp. L.Reeve k C° Publishers, 5 Henrietta SY Covent Garden . ’ 5 7 2 \ = = ( h) c \d \ \ or) pe I + Ot ! j nN Po - \ I v J iA 7 =z Xx () ap : 7b ch es & I 70 Carl von Bouell, del et hth. L Reeve &(° Publishers, 5Henrietta S*.Covent. Garden Plate. CI. o 4-} I , g 2) T T. Photo. Litao. nat Imr %, 1 ea) 52) 3 13 Tees | 5 Varl von Bouell, del et lth id p) * Covent. Garden Plate. Cll ee) 70 Photo Litho Inst. Imp. a a F Carl von Bouell, del. eth L Reeve &C° Publishers. 5 Henrietta S*, Covent Garden. | I ho Inst Imp. noto. Lit = 1 et lth. de =, oue ] von b aie sar! vent Garden = 30 Henviett C° Publishers. 5, Le 1, Reeve & J0 del et lith G.B.Sower ce a fais / (— \ ‘es | i A ¢ GC — qe kame GB Sowerby, del et kth 70 All sheitiy enlarged “Tee C7 4) T l u“ A, > — A ~~. ) va oe jas CQ a: le AS 5 Vincent Brooks Day & Son, Imp ns = = | | Son, inp Vincent Brooks Day& werby del et lith &y 7 “ Plate CX! Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp i) | 1) 1 i } ; H XII. i Plate 10 GB Sowerby, del et lith = z Fi So \ ae a - 5; . ba 2 ‘ Punt, i oy 1 ey 4 Hg cage Conenea , Me. by . “S ANT, Cay low =. SES ae earths ea ay eat oe Cabell (Tibet) (OME Ra - . . a i bi q « ’ . f * s r ; ' 7 aie ~* oe i: y | F f | Pl at LE OXLY, ” Yona GM aN AFM ee " ' AS THD Liew roe 9 j \ 7 Kit 1 otal +, Howl é fh t-ar-tab, ate TO seo EOS ya Plate CXVI 7 a ——s / i 4 | | 2 => | 5 i 6 g 10 GB Sowerby del et lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp a Zz IC All maémfied gre atly. GB Sowerby, del et lith Plate CXVII Vincent Brooks Day & Sau Imp hy 2 t de Ret re) So eerie "a Bee he 2c aang are i ia — iad G.B.Sowerby, del et lith ’ . j ( EL Pie ; ad Vrew Meer (ele [hy G / ———, ry es Plate CXIX. Se ; 5 % alec, ple. ¥ S ee y 4. Aue ~ 1, eY 2 La #Y Tom? _ 10 Allmaémfied Greatly Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp ——_—— a ° . GB Sowerby, delet hth r i] *\ { { yi 4 i ae ° AtAAL 30 h Sex 70 All magnified Greatly. f AA) A yrsra FEY [LAA Plate CXX —— Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp JO : aks HIG] ¢ ° . ache hla gas aS i‘ 8 * ; g\. ~ bn Dardhigl ~ > A c 4 ay Si? | , Te | BREAN he ie ; ee eel Lb. ggasi a Lore sd, 4 Oe o (Ss) De JO Ss v os ci. Ne die 4 " OES rt e = 2, Bersdeds rare Ba npunale 5 alias we, gd Pl ie Se ae 4 1.8 ‘ SY 6 Plate CXXII] i P LA VA S} iH : Vincent Brooks Day & Sanimnp. | lg : | + ". . ‘ ee 10 10 s) a 8 10 Son inp Vincent Brooks Day & G.B.Sowerby del et hth ‘ei oh WANE Re, ad I F jate CYYVIT SLAY LL eS Cnnratgaen: UA OO roe: Vee ; i hy ad cil 10 G.B Sowerby del et lith Plate CXXVIII. Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp Plate CXXIX. GB Sowerby del ct hth Vinceut Brooks Day & Son. imp L Reeve & C° Publishers, 5, Hennetta St Covent Garden. GB. Sowerby dei et lith z 10 LReeve & C° Publishers 5,Henrietta S* Covent Garden Plate CXXX. Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp a L.Reeve &C° Publishe Plate CAX] 10 Vincent Brooks Day & Son, Iny an e rietia ot Covent Garden late CXX1] ] L ———— —. ——— 3 ° 2 4 _—_—_—, = & 7 6 -—_——I 4 ¢ 7 —— ———t on) 8 a ¢ : { i= x 7 G by del et lith T Sanit GB Sowerby del et lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son inp L Reeve & O° Publishers 5, Henrietta S* Covent Garden Sy (Ss 10 L. Reeve &C° Publishers, 5 Henrietta St Covent Garden a Vincent Brooks Day & Sox G X |] y } 10 inp 6 P] le late C XXXV Enlarge 6 7 2 /0 10 do oO 7 8 L. Reeve & C° Publishers, 5 Henrietta St ent Garden G.B. Sowerby, del thth 7 , Na ok 4 / —) fi, ‘ 7 VCatl a oF b A ry) OLV Ee é 4 ~ ty L ee | iF, t ¥ Ft, 7 Dp Be ' je 4 ng 4 ae ee eT / \ ( ce /1 C ler te 10 LReeve & 0° Publishers,5 Henrietta S* Covent Garden Plate CXXXIX 3 6 2 & R d > Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp G.B. Sowerby ry We G {y / ~ | A 4 / { Sea ee \/ ; Je. Nea Pa Yorn 7 Lo Gir(pls Hh — > AQNnt_é fV { Ae mye (! poem . : Wow Aman. 7 0] 4 VE Dy , CEA Cr CF am OL. WA uN Ww 9 foD11 . oi “ Fy 7° fol >. & O° Fubhshers. 5 Henrietta St Covent Garden. A 4)2. fay, Plate CXL. : GB. Sowery del et. Lith Plate CXLI Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp & (EAS, we Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp See o A ne Weepaht mr Vincent Brooks Tath uk del et Lit Sowerby G.B Plate CALV 10. — 10. Plate CXLVI Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp er 5 Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp 5 \ 10 Plate CXLIX _ GB Sowerby del et Lith Vincent, Brooks Day’ 10) 6. 9 KH by del ef Lith 10. ta) Sa by 10. oe 70. Sowerby del et ith SON Plate CLVIII Vincent Brooks Day &.Son Imp bs | Vincent Brooks Day & Son iup ARE SRE Mati MASc Lith del et werby GB So . <9 > ol ae MN Oe we ee sae Fons aie 3 si ae wee 34 ro RF “e< Ste Srrsh paint tee Fela eeme 2p Beretta tay ona te vat sd @ i Ny i «Season * Pr ae~ a , Te r Las 4 2 entre es. awe e. eons