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Led oyteleh ede ke dy tery Ad pee Nite: ae rine Yee beer mae yt - aha lente ede ghes + Haey hg ie te ined let) seas aug 44-40-44 gs bl donal of anode Wa a4 Demehaheatd chedehedan, na ne Wake. data beehancl ty he fiytnde phe dpe larly tay ey eae Ke eure he Dany J HK) f of ai i tt aes ie aie il { reBihveais tare ieee en yi ‘> Lvl Hie eaae IRAN HanOUK ET ati ea ae bes - math Ah ih ahead ei naa iis by 4 i Seeees py Raided i M8 Ws (ehh ) WV ‘ ja rae bad ‘ ih va | i = ses: ered ee iat tii ae sites a i 19249 Alls ie ce it ! 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SES ce oe a Es aioe eos Dyin a SH A Ait; ia" > ae, ri rs Sse = > 44 i ad ate i UNE Neale AAT a hg ae hab ash tah i Wb wunaP hr Ht i" Bikey / : hadelll a cee he i Aeiihs eu af iy Hi igh 4 ee nil i Ke a itt Li i iyi aie atl aed at ana iE tt ii iyi ae ie 7 raat J : wi a es 4 ss i henve i dy 4 a ih i Les Pa blithe) | H Beare cthadcd: the de wry yer Ph te Ha i hades oh ays ae oe uy ty ah shh i by meat ee 4 iD lie rian Hi ory th i i ie rf dh ‘4 ny rei tana see palin ite ie mW ie hab gh gids 3H iy Cnt sic it me RY i — ; i ie AW aatig i Meer tn AM / sein 4 vis te al sae da lactate tia hae eas Lhasa ae 4 i i] Py aia ei AF : saaian sel { eth ANE. bad ay (banca he Heit it ) ‘ Miths shite batsll eg api Ss Hua Hi Pia ith ii yh Se H paint mast mite Siemepent: jude me i t it i} ty iy fa glides had 4 ne ip sph ah enshe hens hey Say HA iit at Bani deste i Vite d i vied 4. yeni q aiid i He Geibeoied Hab MS cai sti eee ita sit stat oh 1 Hi 4 t elt ‘jah Mh gbaiied ca a) bait cent AN - ane i aalad Jind hide ieee i ‘ a be bth i) iat wa 8 5 vi Vhs ieee ya vat ty 4 ah titel 4 * ‘ ah ot hea Wie nbad AS iat io W wh Med A su \S Ay ie Fh 44 oS joa he fen) os ce tee tet ede ut i ti Y bet we ‘i i ! tas eg ¥) ‘ f age ai jie i HI fa nn Westie = ie fast ae i iat can ! Wayeek MW oY i tag wen ite eee He ant ee wi sya ee dh hi mi i ais Hair Lit a lie Rien eae si i Me “icicle rates i ehh Aa (th Reta al sas ledad a 1s, i readin Prd i" i" \ vt t divmasbods is ity nh mit Hh rth ef i ‘ ny eh ehh ith i] Os caeaeety Veh elke a4 \. ah nae tet qe Hah Hsvoudet it ive eae ratte = Sees saeieb estas iit neal wok iran y rice ei be Rad cletieg Haters vbeueardets Hlstaaeete ae 4a * mu sii at vi a be ils Ba ay i ' us 199 hy hee Wiad atta ee eee yea hen aan tL Raed Ud eh he viens Hed 4 satiate: + Aer ak! gh rich bdad ota Return this book on or before the Latest Date stamped below. A charge is made on all overdue books. University of Illinois Library PE NAUTILUS A MONTHLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF CONCHOLOGISTS VOL. XIX. MAY, 1905, to APRIL, 1906. EDITORS AND PUBLISHERS: H. A. Pitssry, Curator of the Department of Mollusca, Academy of Natural Sciences, PHILADELPHIA, C, W. JOHNSON, Curator of the Boston Society of Natural History, ~ BOSTON, Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/conchologistsexc1920aver INDEX TO 4 py THE NAUTILUS, VOL. XIX. INDEX TO SUBJECTS, GENERA AND SPECIES. Achatina gracilior Boettger d Achatinellid, descriptions of new ee of Alaba oldroydi Dall, n. sp. . Adelomelon Dall . Amastra conica Baldwin Amastra leva Baldwin. Amastra montana Baldwin , Amastra rubristoma Baldwin Amastra seminuda Baldwin Amastra sinistrorsa Baldwin Amoria Gray . Amnicola augustina eeeiey, GPL. vy, fie! 13, 14). Amnicola pilsbryi Walker, n. sp. (PI. V, figs. 11, 16) Amnicola walkeri Pils. (Pl. V, fig. 12) Amnicolide, new and little known species of Antarctic nudibranchs , Arion subfuscea var. cinereofusca. Arizona and New Mexico, the snails of Bifidaria pentodon and its ailies. Bifidaria pentodon Say (Plates VI and VII, fiery) 1- 41) Bifidaria pentodon var, gracilis Sterki (Pl. V1, figs. 16-27) 1 Bifidaria tappaniana C. B. Adams (Pl. VII, figs, 42-53) Bifidaria tappaniana curta Sterki Californian helix, a new Californian shells, two tee abed Calliostoma ewirachusy marion Dall, n. sp. . Carychium exiguum Say (figs.) . Carychium exile Lea (figs. ) ; ; ( iii ) . iv THE NAUTILUS. Carychium exile canadense Clapp, (figs.) 139 Carychium stygium Call (figs. ) 140 Carychium nannodes Clapp, n. sp. (Pl. III, figs. ee Da 81 Cerithidea sacrata hyporhyssa Berry, n, var. 133 Chiton from the New England Coast, A New 88 Cochliopa rowelli, a California Shell ? 91 Crepidula nivea var, glottidiarum Dall, n, var. 27 Crepidula rugosa var, naticarum Williamson, n, var, . 50 Crepidula rugosa var. norrisiarum Williamson, n. var. 51 Cycladidz of the Southern States. 30 Cyprea, on some new varieties of A 29 Cy prea xanthoden Gray ; 12 Cyprea capensis var. elizabethensis Rous: n. VAT. 29 Cyprea carneola var, adonis Rous, n. var. . TT Cy prea cruenta var. violacea Rous, n. var, a0 Cypreea exanthema var, pudica Rous, n, var. 75 Cypreea helvola var. aphrodite Rous, n, var. 75 Cyprea isabella var, fulva Rous, n. var. id Cyprea miliaris var. brookei Rous, n, var, 29 Cyprea vitellus var, fergusoni Rous, n, var. : 76 Cypreeidae in the collection of Mr. D. W. Ferguson . 15 Dendrotrochus eva Ptr. 43 Dendrotrochus layardi Hartm. 43 Diplomorpha bernieri Hartm., 44 Diplomorpha delantouri var, major ; Draparnaudia singularis Pfr. var. ieaae None n, var, 42 Endodonta tenuiscripta Ancey 42 Epiphragmophora sequoicola soquela Rowell n. ‘supe 4] Florida Keys, Land shells of 37 Floridian Calliostoma, on a new . - 131 Frenchman’s Bay, Maine, dredging in . . 128 Frenchman’s Bay, Maine, shell-bearing mollusca » Goniobasis columbiensis Whiteaves, n. sp. Oa II, figs. 11, 12), ; ‘ Bie | Eearpatina Dallyn, Ben . 143 Helicina layardi Hartm. 46 Helicorbis Benson : . 104 Helix (Epiphragmophora) beqnaiools ieanele Rowell, n. subsp. . 41 THE NAUTILUS. v Indiana, notes on a collection of shells from Bass Lake . 27 Indiana, Notes on the semi-fossil shells of Posey County . 62 James Bay, Hudson Bay, Jist of a few species of land and fresh-water shells, from . ; 4 : fur Lamprocystis layardi (Thomson) : : : . 42 Loess of Naches, ete. . 3 : . 144 Lymnea bulimoides var. cockerelli Pilsbry ' . 130 Lymneza hinkleyi Baker, n. sp. . ; : . . 142 Lymnea parva Lea : . ‘ ; . 52 Lymnea sterkii Baker,n. sp... : ; - on Lyogyrus brownii Carpenter, a new bani for , Apel Macrochlamys (?) annatonensis Pfr. . ; é : eee Maculopeplum Dall, n. gen. eam . 148 Massachusetts slugs. : : ‘ : : . 84 Meellendorffia and Stegodera, note on 63 Meellendorffia (Mellendorfliella) erdmanniS. & B. ? (PI, II, figs, 9, 10.) ; ; . 66 Mellendorffia (Trihelix) Siisbeneiia Pils, Ap On) eG dB UL, a, ao2,.6;) . : 66 Mellendorffia Gisidats Boulfietlic Muag. (Pl, II, figs. 7, 8). 65 Murex (Phyllonotus) santarosana Dall,n.sp. . : a Museum Boltenianum, republication of . : : . AT Natica intricatoides, on the Algerian coast : a ie Neritina lineata var. reticulata C. & J. ' : : . 56 Newcombia carinella Baldw. t : : . 136 New England, a new brackish-water shell Feb ; 3 . 90 New Hebrides, remarks on some land and fresh-water shells from the . : : : ; . 42 New Mexico and fetal tie canes of ; f : . 68 New Mexico, shells of Grant, Valencia Co. . 3 - . 130 Nicaragua, shell-collecting on the Mosquito coast of, 8, 16, 32, 55, 78 Notes and News . , : 12, 34, 47, 84, 96, 107, 120, 132 Notes on some forgotten mollusk names. . 104 November snails . : ; : : ; é Vitae Nudibranchs, Antartic. : : i : . : Mak | Oliva (Agaronia) testacea . : : : : : ele Omphalotropis conella Sykes, var, : : é : . 45 Omalodiscus Benson . ae ts : . 105 vi THE NAUTILUS. Ordovician gastropod retaining color markings, Oreohelix yavapai compactula Ckll. Oysters, Canadian t Pachycheilus corvinus Morel : : ; : : , Palaina francoisi Ancey, n. sp. 4 : Paludestrina salsa Pilsbry, n. sp. vans III, Oe 10) > aa Partulina carnicola Baldwin, n. sp. Partulina cooperi Baldwin, n. sp. Partulina flemingi Baldwin, n. sp. Partulina fulvicans Baldwin, n. sp. Partulina kaasana Baldwin, n. sp. Partulina lemmoni are n. sp. Pear! fishing Physa layardi Roce n, A Physa rhomboidea : j : Pisidia, new varieties of North Jee : : a ee; Pisidium compressum var, arrosum Sterki, n. var. Pisidium compressum var, confertum Sterki, n. var. Pisidium compressum var, contrarium Sterki, n. var, . ‘ Pisidium compressum var, coosaense Sterki, n.. var, . ? Pisidium compressum var, levigatum Sterki, n. var. . Pisidium compressum var. limnicolum Sterki, n. var. Pisidium compressum var, opacum Sterki, n. var. Pisidium compressum var, rostratum Sterki, n. var, Pisidium compressum var. smithii Sterki, n. var. Pisidium fallax var. mite Sterki, n, var. . Pisidium fallax var, errans Sterki, n,m, for septentrionale preoc, Pisidium aiuoenee var. indianense Sterki, n. var, Pisidium noveboracense var. alabamense Sterki, n. var. Pisidium noveboracense var. elevatum Sterki, n. var. Pisidium noveboracense var. expansum Sterki, n. var, Pisidium noveboracense var. fraternum Sterki, n. var. Pisidium noveboracense var. lineatum Sterki, n. var, . Pisidium noveboracense var, quadrulum Sterki, n, var. Pisidium punctatum var. armatum Sterki, n, var. Pisidium punctatum var, simplex Sterki, n. var. Pisidium variabile var. brevius Sterki, n. var. Pisidium variabile var. hybridum Sterki, n. var. Placostylus (Pecilocharis) francoisi Planorbis alabamensis and dilatatus in the Floridian Plio- cene : Planorbis alabamensis var. avus Pilsbry, n. var, , Planorbis, a new Tertiary . i , ‘ : : , THE NAUTILUS. vii Planorbis florissantensis Cockerell,n. sp. . ; ‘ . 100 Planorbis nautileus Linn,,in Illinois . f f - . 120 Planorbis nitidus Gray : ; ; d : : . 105 Plejona Bolten , ; : é F . 148 Polygyra decepta Clapp, n. sp. (fig.) : ; i 7.26 Polygyra ferrissi sericea Ferriss, n. sp. 67 Polygyra inflecta approximans Clapp, n, subsp, Pl. III, fig. 6) 74 Polygyra multilineata ‘algonquinensis Nason, n. var, . . 141 Polygyra smithii Clapp, n. sp. (Pl. III, figs. 1- x a te Potamopyrgus brevior Ancey, n. sp. . ; . 46 Prince Edward Island, shells of . } 108 Publications received : : . 24, 35, 48, 60, "1, 92, 108 Pupa cincinnatiensis Judge : ; » V2bgh ee Pupa curvidens Gould ; A ; ; ra "194 Pupilla floridana Dall . : 121, 125 Pyrgulopsis mississippiensis Pilsbry (PI. v, fe. 15) : . 116 Quadrula archeri Frierson, n. sp. (PI. I, figs, | At) De Pitan Quadrula rubidula Frierson, rsp CP lh: a figs. 3, 4) «. hii Ba Sumatogyrus aldrichi Walker, n. sp. (PI. V, fig. 9). . 114 Somatogyrus biangulatus Walker, n. sp. (Pl. V, fig. 6) . 99 Somatogyrus excavatus Walker, n. sp. (Pl. V, fig. 7) . . 100 Somatogyrus humerosis Walker, n. sp. (PL. V, fig. 2) 50.98 Somatogyrus pennsylvanicus | ilsbry, (Pl. V, figs. 17, 18) . 116 Somatogyrus pumilus Conrad, (Pl. V, fig. 10.) . s iets Somatogyrus quadratus Walker, n. sp. (Pl. V, figs. 3,4.) . 98 Somatogyrus strengi Pilsbry & Walker, n. sp. (PI. V, ig, 5) 99 Somatogyrus substriatus Walker, n, sp. (PI. Ni, fig. 1.) 5 USE Somatogyrus tennesseensis Walker, Bape (Fs oh fig? 82) Ee Stegodera angusticollis Mart, (PI. II, figs. 1, 2, 2) . 64, 65 Stegodera, notes on Meellendorftia and : oo 68 Straparollina harpa Hudson, (fig.) : : «102 Strombus pugilis nicaraguaensis Fluck, n. var. . 32 Strombus pugilis, some notes on living, Ph. Ill cle i, 18) is Succinea floridana Pilsbry, n. sp. Succinea indiana Pilsbry, n. sp. . ‘ : 58 Succinea retusa magister Pilsbry, (Fig. 2. i : = 09 Tonicella blaneyi Dall, Hope Cll. EV.) : : : Re Trivia acutidentata Gask., note on ; . x ; . 132 Trochorbis Benson, ; : : 3 A Ob Unio luteolus, note on Canadian — : } x ; Wee Unionidee frou Alabama,new . ° ; : : math fe Unionide, notes on young . t d 5 ae) Unionide of Wisconsin . : : : ; : BEES Valvata humeralis 2 , 2 ‘ ; : ; 30 Valvata lewisii : : U F 4 ; : ve ee Valvata, note on . : : : ; : ‘ H . 28 viii THE NAUTILUS. Vertigo perryi Sterki, n. sp. : : ‘ ; : . 53 Vitrina pfeifferi Desh., note on . : : ; OT Vitrea rhoadsi Pilsbry (Fig.1) . : 3 ; . . 109 Volutidz, notes on genera of. ; ; ; ; . 148 Voluta junonia Lam _., : : . : : : . 148 Volutilithes Swains : 143 West Coast Conchology,a second contribution to ; 5, = Wisconsin shells, list of : : ; Wright, Samuel Hart . ; 105 Yukon Territory, notes on some fresh-water shells from . 1 INDEX TO AUTHORS. Ancey, C. F. : : ; : ; 34, 42 Baker, Frank C. ’ 2 : “ON, 51, 120, 142 Baldwin, D. D. . 5 s : A A : "11, 135 Berry, S. S. } ‘ : : ; : : ° . 133 Blaney, Dwight . : : ; : : i . 110,128 Button, Fred. L. Se ee Carpenter, H. F. , ; 5 : : : : 47 Chadwick, G. H. : : : é é : : BT, 103 Clapp, Geo. H. . e : A ; : . 25, 73,91) 188 Cockerell, T. D. A. A : \ 46, 68, 71, 84, 96, 100 Colton, Harold Sellers A t . 8a Datei a ; x ia! 26, 88, 104, 107, 131, 143 Daniels, L. E. ‘ : : 62 Ferriss, Jias. del. ¢ ; , L 5 } Ot. Bingke Wve i i; : ‘ : é f 8, 16, 32, 55, 18 Mirierson. s,s: : : : : : b 13. 49 Hemphill, Henry : ; f . , ; 5,19 Johnson, Charles W. . : ‘ } Ma oP 12, 92, 105, 108 Latchford, F. R. rf i i ; ; . oF Nason, Wm, A. . : 3 ad Pilsbry, Henry A. . 24, 98, 34, WEF 48, 60, 63, 80, 91, 93, 109, "121, 130 Raymond, Percy E. . , ‘ : : : : oF Roberts, S. Raymond . : : : ; , : ae Rous, Sloman, . ; : , : ‘ 2 ie Rowell, Rev. J. . 4 y : ’ 41 Sterki, V. . ; p : : : 30, 53, 80, 96, 118, 134 Vanatta, BG...) ; A , i ; . 121 Walker, Bryant . : Sy Ban : : Z . (Seis Whiteaves, J. F. : : ; : Cae Williamson, Mrs. M. Burton. 4 ; 4 ; . 450 Winkley, Henry VR ; J . ‘ i . « LOT THE NAUTILUS. Vou. XIX. MAY, 1905. No. 1. NOTES ON SOME FRESH-WATER SHELLS FROM THE YUKON TERRITORY. BY J. F. WHITEAVES. Among the zodlogical collections in the Museum of the Geological Survey of Canada, there are a few fresh-water shells from the Yukon Territory, which have not yet been reported upon, though they are by no means devoid of interest to the student of the geographical distribution of the mollusca. Most of these shells were collected by the late Dr. G. M. Dawson, in 1887, at four localities, viz., from Frances Lake, at the head of the Liard River; from Finlayson Lake, between Frances Lake and the Pally River; at the Lewes River; and from Lake Marsh or ‘¢ Mud Lake,” one of the tributaries of the Lewes River. The re- mainder were collected by Mr. Joseph Keele in 1904, from the Stewart River, near Mayo River. The Cycladidz in these collections have been kindly determined by Dr. V. Sterki, and most of the Gasteropoda by Dr. W. H. Dall. The species represented in them are apparently as follows: PELECYPODA. Spherium Walkert Sterki. Frances Lake, one valve; and Finlayson Lake, two perfect speci- mens. In 1904 Mr. W. McInnes collected a few living shells, which were referred to this species by Dr. Sterki, from the Atta- 2 THE NAUTILUS. wapiskat River, Keewatin. The type of S. Walkeri are from Lake Michigan. Pisidium Idahoense Roper. Stewart River, near Mayo River; one dead but perfect specimen and an odd valve. Dr. Sterki writes that the “anterior part of the hinge of the former is reversed.” Pisidium compressum Prime. Stewart River, near Mayo River; one specimen. Mr. McInnes has recently collected specimens of this species at Ozhiski Lake, Attawapiskat River, at Kawinogans River (a branch of the Attawa- piskat) and at the Winisk River, Keewatin. Pisidium variabile Prime, var. Stewart River, near Mayo River; two specimens. Mr. McInnes has recently collected three specimens on the Kawinogans River, which Dr. Sterki has identified with this species. Pisidium scutellatum Sterki. Frances Lake; fry only, one specimen. Dr. Sterki has recognized a few specimens of P. scutellatum in collections made by Mr. McInnes last year at Ozhiski Lake and the Kawinogans River, Keewatin. GASTEROPODA. Valvata mergella Westerlund. Stewart River, near Mayo River, two specimens. Valvata Lewisii Currier. Valvata sincera of Haldeman, C. B. Adams, Dekay; W. G. Bin- ney, and many subsequent American writers, but, according to Dall, not V. sincera of Say. Valvata striata of Lewis, but not of Philippi. Frances Lake, ten specimens, and Finlayson Lake, two specimens. Presumably similar specimens were previously recorded by W. G. Binney, in 1865, under the name V. sincera, as having been collected by Major Kennicott from the Peace River, Upper Mackenzie, and Great Slave Lake. Frances and Finlayson Lakes both belong to the Upper Mackenzie drainage system. THE NAUTILUS. 3 Elsewhere in Canada, V. Lewisi’, as recently identified by Dall, is now known to occur at many localities from Gaspé to Alberta, and as far to the northeastward as Fort Chimo, Ungava. A few specimens, in the museum of the Canadian Survey, which Dall thinks are “ probably the true V. sincera of Say, or a variety of it,” were collected on the island of Anticosti by Professor Macoun in 1884, and on the Attawapiskat and Kawinogans Rivers by Mr. McInnes in 1904. Those from the Kawinogans River have the outer half of the last volution free and partially uncoiled. Limnea stagnalis appressa Say. Stewart River, near Mayo River ; two specimens. Limnea Randolphit Baker. Frances Lake, eleven fine and large specimens; Finlayson Lake, eleven specimens, mostly immature ; Lewes River, one small speci- men; and Lake Marsh, Lewis River, seventeen fine and mostly adult shells. Limnea palustris Muller. _ Frances Lake, two specimens. Limnea Vahlit Beck. (Dall.) Frances Lake, nine specimens; Finlayson Lake, twelve specimens. Limnea arctica Lea. (Dall.) = Limnexa Pingeli Beck, var.; (Dall.) Stewart River, near Mayo River, two specimens. Planorbis trivolvis Say. Stewart River, near Mayo River ; seven specimens of a rather large, depressed and thin-shelled form of this species, with the spiral angulation obsolete. Segmentina armigera (Say). Stewart River, near Mayo River; one specimen. Physa sp. indet. Finlayson Lake ; one very immature specimen. | Ottawa, April 5, 19085. 4 THE NAUTILUS. LISTS OF A FEW SPECIES OF LAND AND FRESH-WATER SHELLS FROM THE IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF JAMES BAY, HUDSON BAY. BY J. F. WHITEAVES. The shells referred to in the following lists were collected by Messrs. O. O’Sullivan and W. Spreadborough, at three localities near James Bay, on behalf of the Geological Survey of Canada, and are now in its Museum: 1. From two miles above the mouth of the Harricanaw River, Hannah Bay, collected July 1, 1904. (A. Land Shells.) Cochlicopa lubrica (Muller). Several specimens. Vitrina limpida Gould. Eight specimens. Zonitoides arboreus (Say). ‘Two specimens. Pyramidula striatella (Anthony). Four specimens. Succinea retusa Lea (S. ovalis Gould non Say). Several speci- mens. (B. Fresh-water Shells.) Limnea stagnalis appressa. ‘Ten specimens. Limnea Vahlit Beck (teste Dall). Eleven specimens. Limnea truncatula Muller (teste Dall). Several specimens. Bulinus hypnorum (L.). Eight specimens. Planorbis trivolvis Say. ‘Two specimens. 2. From the mouth of the Moose River, about a mile below Moose Factory, collected July 15, 1904. Lampsilis luteolus (Lamarck). Two specimens. Anodonta marginata, Say (= A. fragilis, Lamarck). Three spe- cimens. 3. From the mouth of the Albany River, about a mile below Fort Albany, collected July 25, 1904. Planorbis albus, Muller (= P. hirsutus, Gould). Several speci- mens. Ottawa, April 8, 1908. THE NAUTILUS. 5 A SECOND CONTRIBUTION TO WEST COAST CONCHOLOGY—I. BY HENRY HEMPHILL. This may be considered a continuation of the article published in the three closing numbers of Vol, XIV (1901) of the Naurituvs, entitled, “ A Contribution to West Coast Conchology.” _ Since the publication of that article I have devoted the greater part of three years or more to further exploration of the islands off the coast of southern California, and a large part of a narrow strip of the mainland directly along the coast opposite to the islands, ex- tending from San Pedro, at the south, to San Simeon Point, at the north, the latter point being about one hundred miles, more or less, north of San Miguel Island, the most northerly island of the group. The new material secured during this exploration is so variable in every respect and yet so closely connected by intermediate forms, and adds so much to our knowledge, not only of the land shells of this region, but to the subject of variation generally, that I offer the following notes and descriptions for the consideration of those inter- ested in the study of our land shells. These islands and the narrow strip of the mainland referred to above constitute a very small portion of a large zodlogical province that has its southern line at San Diego, and its northern limits at Juan de Fuca Strait, and which may be or is known as the Cali- fornian Province, as most of the forms of molluscan life found within these limits have their metropolis, I believe, within the borders of the State of California. These limits, however, like all other at- tempts to define boundaries in nature, are more or less arbitrarily drawn, and serve only in a general way for the purposes of study, as dividing lines. Quite a number of genera and species that live in this province pass beyond these limits, while a few from the more northern region and even some circumpolar forms, disguised as species, range across the California Province far down into the more southern regions. On account of their isolation or separation from the mainland and peculiar conditions in the environment, both the fauna and flora of the islands possess unusual attractions for those interested in the study of the problems of life. I shall go somewhat into the particu- lars and details of the conditions existing on these islands as I have 6 THE NAUTILUS. seen and observed them, and picture them as best I can for the readers of the Nauticus. A bit of history in this connection may be of interest. Historians and others tell us that these islands after several un- successful expeditions were discovered in the year 1852, by Juan Rodrigues Cabrillo, a Portuguese navigator in the service of Spain. SANTA BARBARA SAN MIGUEL 4, - SANTA SANTA ANACAPA ROSA1, CRUZI. Les anetces SANTA BARBARA 1. ‘SAN NICOLAS 4. SANTA CATALINA #. SAN 4 ecuet t. COAST LINE AND ISLANDS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. ‘“‘ Cabrillo,” Prof. Holder tells us in his very interesting little book- let on Santa Catalina Island, ‘‘named the islands we call to-day San Clemente and Santa Catalina after his ships, the former ‘ La Vittoria’ and the latter ‘San Salvador.’ ”’ In May, 1602, sixty years later, another expedition under Sebas- tain Vizcaino visited these islands in the following month of De- cember. Vizcaino ignored Cabrillo’s names and renamed them San Clemente and Santa Catalina, under which false names they have been called ever since. According to modern conchological rules, these later names fall into the synonomy of Cabrillo’s earlier ones, but it seems a shame to ‘“‘ knock out” one saint’s name with another, THE NAUTILUS. 7 if I am allowed to use a pugilistic phrase in connection with such a saintly subject. Prof. Holder continues to tell us that the historian of Vizcaino was Father Torquemada, a member of the party, who has left a de- scription of a temple on Santa Catalina. “It consisted of a large circular place decorated with feathers, in the centre of which was an idol bearing upon its sides representations of the sun and moon. ‘To this object the natives sacrificed birds, yet when the Spaniards shot the ravens the natives raised many lamentations.” ‘I believe,” says Father Torquemada, ‘‘that the devil was in those crows, and spoke through them, for they were regarded with great respect and veneration. The birds were so tame that they would snatch fish from the hands of the native women who did not dare to retaliate.” Torquemada considered the natives of Santa Catalina a superior race and in advance of the natives of the mainland in every way. The women were attractive, had fine eyes, and were modest and de- corous, while the children were described as ‘‘ white and ruddy.” When Cabrillo discovered Southern California, Santa Catalina had a large and vigorous population. To-day (1901), three hun- dred and fifty-two years later, this is represented by a pitiful handful of natives who are scattered about the foothills of the missions, by graveyards despoiled, and by the quaint stone implements plowed up by the modern ranchers. I am indebted to the U. S. Coast Pilot for the following informa- tion in regard to the size, distances and elevations on these islands: ‘