OCCASIONAL PAPERS THE MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY NUMBER 98 7 JUNE 1985 CONSPECTUS GENERICUS SCORPIONORUM 1758-1982 (ARACHNIDA: SCORPIONES) Oscar E Francke In this Conspectus, I have brought together all the genus- group names used for scorpions, whether presently considered valid or otherwise. The names are listed alphabetically in the first part of this work, and are followed by the author and date of use (e.g., Alacran Francke, 1982), and complete bibliographic citations to all author-date combinations cited in the text appear at the end of this work. Genus-group names proposed for fossil taxa are preceeded by a dagger (e.g., f Alloscorpius Petrunkevitch, 1949). Unjustified emendations are identified by the designation nomen vanum, and are followed by the correct spelling, with its author and date enclosed in brackets; e.g., Broteas Agassiz, 1846. nomen vanum [Brotheas Koch, 1837]. Incorrect subsequent spellings are followed by the designation nomen nullum, and the correct spelling is given in brackets; e.g., Atraeus Berthold, 1846. nomen nullum [Atreus Koch, 1837]. If in the original publication there is clear evidence of an inadvertent error, that name with its author and date is followed by the designation lapsus calami, and the correct name is given in brackets; e.g., Sisyphus Koch, 1837. lapsus calami [prolschnurus Koch, 1837]. Genus-group names which have been relegated into synonymy are followed after an equal sign, by (a) the genus-group name of the senior synonym, with its author and date, and (b) a parenthetical reference to the author who first proposed such synonymy; e.g., Anoplobuthus di Caporiacco, 1932 = Butheo- loides Hirst, 1925 (Lamoral and Reynders, 1975). 2 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY Genus-group names of the subgeneric category that were originally proposed as such appear twice. One time they are listed, with author and date, under their own alphabetical entry, separated by a colon from the original generic-subgeneric combination; e.g., Alloscorpiops Vachon, 1980: Scorpiops (Allos- corpiops) Vachon, 1980. The second entry appears under the generic-subgeneric combination under the former's alphabetical listing; e.g., Scorpiops (Alloscorpiops) Vachon, 1980. Nominal taxa originally proposed as subgenera and subsequently elevated to generic rank also appear twice: once under the current generic status (e.g., Hottentotta Birula, 1908), and once under their original generic-subgeneric combination followed after a transi¬ tion symbol by the appropriate indications as to their current status and a parenthetical reference to the author who proposed the change, and the date [e.g., Buthus (Hottentotta) Birula, 1908 > Hottentotta Birula, 1908 (Vachon, 1949)]. Finally, nominal taxa originally proposed as genera and subsequently lowered in status to the subgeneric category also appear twice: once under their current status [e.g., Butheolus (Nanobuthus) Pocock, 1895], and once under their original generic status followed by the appropriate indications as to the change in question [e.g., Nanobuthus Pocock, 1895 > Butheolus (Nanobuthus) Pocock, 1895 (Vachon, 1975)]. Homonymy has affected several genus-group names of scor¬ pions, and I have used the Nomenclator Zoologicus (Neave, 1939- 1950; Edwards and Hopwood, 1966; Edwards and Vevers, 1975) in dealing with such problems. In those instances where the genus- group name applied to scorpions was the junior synonym, the name is followed by the designation nomen praeoccupatum, and a bracketed reference to the senior synonym. If a replacement name has already been proposed, it follows after an equal sign, with its author and date and the designation nomen substitution; (e.g., Opisthocentrus Pocock, 1893. nomen praeoccupatum [(Opis- thocentrus Kner, 1868. Pisces)] = Nepabellus Francke, 1974. nomen substitutum). The replacement name is also listed alphabetically with the proper designation. This study revealed several instances in which the genus-group name applied to scorpions is a junior homonym and for which no replacement name has yet been proposed. Herein I propose replacement names for such scorpion taxa, and they are identified by the designation nomen novum; e.g., Calchas Birula, 1899. nomen praeoccupatum [Calchas Klug, 1850. Coleoptera] = Paraiurus Francke, nomen FRANCKE—CONSPECTUS GENERICUS SCORPIONORUM 3 novum. The new names are also listed alphabetically, followed by an indication of why they are proposed; e.g., Paraiurus Francke. nomen novum [pro Calchas Birula, 1899, nomen praeoccupatum]. Some new names immediately enter into synonymy as they are offered to replace junior homonyms that are currently in synonymy, and after the appropriate nomenclat- ural history, they are followed by the designation synonymia nova; e.g., Pucha Francke, nomen novum [pro Phassus Thorell, 1876. nomen praeoccupatum] = Tityus Koch, 1836. synonymia nova. Finally, some replacement names, either at the generic or subgeneric level, have resulted in new generic-subgeneric combi¬ nations, which are identifiable by the designation combinatio nova; e.g., Brachistosternus (Ministernus) Francke, combinatio nova. The alphabetized genus-group name list is followed by an alphabetical listing of the families recognized in the most recent taxonomic treatments. Under each family name are listed, alphabetically, the genera (and subgenera) currently referred to it. Incertae sedis are listed last. The family list is followed by an alphabetical listing of the authors which have proposed genus-group names in scorpions, and the nominal taxa proposed by each (listed chronologically from early to late, and alphabetically within a single year), whether those nominal taxa are presently considered valid or not. Authors of nomina nulla and nomina vana are excluded from this list. Nomenclatural Changes In accordance with the International Rules of Zoological Nomenclature, the changes summarized below became necessary. (1) Unjustified emendations rejected: Broteas Agassiz, 1846 for Brotheas Koch, 1837. Oieclus Francke, 1978 for Oiclus Simon, 1880. Opisthophthalmus Agassiz, 1846 for Opistophthalmus Koch, 1837. The first and third are rejected because Koch consistently used the valid spelling, even if Agassiz considered them improper latinizations; the second one because the diacritical marks over the “i” in Simon's name are diaereses rather than umlauts, and should be removed rather than being replaced by an "e" after the "i." (2) New names proposed to replace junior homonyms: Ministernus, new name for Microsternus Maury, 1973 (preoccupied). Paraiurus, new name for Calchas Birula, 1899 (preoccupied). Pentheria, new name for Parabroteas Penther, 1913 (preoccupied). Pocockius, new name for Stenochirus Karsch. 1892 (preoccupied). 4 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY Pucha, new name for Phassus Thorell, 1876 (preoccupied). Puchale, new name for Prionurus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (preoccupied). Repucha, new name for Pilumnus Koch, 1837 (preoccupied). (3) New synonymies: Buthotus Vachon, 1949 = Hottentotta Birula, 1908. Pucha Francke, new name = Tityus Koch, 1836. Puchale Francke, new name = Androctonus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. Repucha Francke, new name = Lychas Koch, 1845. Vachon (1949) included Buthus minax Koch, the designated type species of Hottentotta Birula, 1908, within his newly proposed Buthotus; therefore, Hottentotta has clear priority in this case. The three new names synonymized were offered to replace junior homonyms, and since currently those nominal taxa are considered junior synonyms as well, the replacement names enter into synonymy automatically. (4) New generic-subgeneric combinations: Brachistosternus (Ministernus) Francke, new. Hottentotta (Balfourianus) Vachon, 1979. Hottentotta (Hottentotta) Birula, 1908. The subgenus Microsternus Maury, 1973 (preoccupied) was originally proposed within Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893, and its replacement name is thus recognized within the same genus. The subgenus Balfourianus was originally proposed within Buthotus Vachon, 1949, leading to the recognition of Buthotus (Buthotus) and Buthotus (Balfourianus), but because Buthotus Vachon, 1949 is a junior synonym of Hottentotta Birula, 1908, the recognition of the two new combinations is necessary to accommodate the species referred by Vachon (1979) to each subgenus. Acknowledgments Foremost, I extend my deepest thanks to James C. Cokendolpher for his enduring patience and continuous help during the production of the Conspectus. He provided considerable assistance with the tedious library work; he lent me his personal copy of the Nomenclator Zoologicus so that I could check homonymies at my leisure and in the comfort of my office rather than in the library, and he also checked on some of the names for me; we discussed some of the nomenclatural problems dealt with herein; and, most significantly, he painstak¬ ingly reviewed every possible detail in not one but two drafts, suggesting numerous corrections and improvements throughout. I also thank my fellow " scorpiologists" Wilson R. Lourengo, Emilio A. Maury and W. David Sissom for their useful comments and corrections on the manuscript. The preparation and publication of this work were generously supported by the Institute for Museum Research and the Office of Academic Publications, Texas Tech University. Conspectus Genericus Scorpionorum 1 January 1758 to 31 December 1982 Acanthochirus Peters, 1862 = Cereophonius Peters, 1862 (Thorell, 1876). Acanthothraustes Mello-Leitao, 1945 = Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 (Lourengo and Vachon, 1981). Adroctonus Larrouy, Seguela, Leferre-Witier, Magnaral and Cambefort, 1972. nomen nullum [Androctonus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829]. FRANCKE- CONSPECTUS GENERIC US SCORPIONORUM Akentrobuthus Lamoral, 1976. A lac ran Francke, 1982. A l ay at ity u s Armas, 1973. Alloscorpiops Vachon, 1980: Scorpiops (Alloscorpiops)Vachon, 1980. t Alloscorpius Petrunkevitch, 1949. Ananteris Thorelt, 1891. Ananteroides Borelli, 1911. Andibothriurus Bucherl, San Martin, Flores da Cunha, Matthiesen, Zimber and Bucherl, 1963: Bothriurus (Andibothriurus) Bucherl, San Martin, Flores da Cunha, Matthiesen, Zimber and Bucherl, 1963. Andinochactas Gonzalez-Sponga, 1978: Chactas (Andinochactas) Gonzalez- Sponga, 1978. Andoctronus Cloudsley-Thompson, 1965. nomen nullum [Androctonus Hem- prich and Ehrenberg, 1829]. Andrioctonus Abushama, 1963. nomen nullum [Androctonus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829]. Androcottus Karsch, 1879 - Tity us Koch, 1836 (Kraepelin, 1899), Androctenus Esquivel de Verde and Machado-Allison, 1969. nomen nullum [AndroctonusHemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829]. Androctonus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. Anomalobuthus Kraepelin, 1901. Anoplobuthus di Caporiacco, 1932 - Butheoloides Hirst, 1925 (Lamoral and Reynders, 1975), iAnthracoscorpio Kusta, 1889. Anuroctonus Pocock, 1893. Apistobuthus Finnegan, 1932. fArchaeoctonus Pocock, 1911. t Archaeophonus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966. Archiosometrus Stahnke, 1972. nomen nullum [ArchisometrusKraepelin, 1891]. Archisometrus Kraepelin, 1891 = Lychas Koch, 1845 (Pocock, 1900). Atraeus Berthold, 1846. nomen nullum (Atreus Koch, 1837]. Atreus Koch, 1837 - Iso?netrus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Thorell, 1876). Auyantepuia Gonzalez-Sponga, 1978. Babyburus Kraepelin, 1907. nomen nullum [BabycurusKarsch, 1886]. Babycurus Karsch, 1886. Balfourianus Vachon, 1979: Butholus (Balfourianus)Vachon, 1979 - Hottentotta (Balfburianus)Vachdn, 1-979. combinatio nova. Bathus Bucherl, 1956. nomen nullum [ButhusLeach, 1815]. Belisarius Simon, 1879. t Benniescorpio Wills, I960, Bioculus Stahnke, 1968 = Didymocentrus Kraepelin, 1905 (Williams and Lee, 1975). Birulatus Vachon, 1974. Bothriurus Peters, 1862. Bothriurus (Bothriurus)Peters, 1862. Bothriurus (Andibothriurus)Bucherl, San Martin, Flores da Cunha, Matthiesen, Zimber and Bucherl, 1963. Bothriurus (Transbothriurus) Mello-Leitao, 1945 = Timogenes Simon, 1880 (Mauryand San Martin, 1973). Bothus Cava, 1947. nomen nullum [Buthus Leach, 1815]. Brachiosternus Lonnberg, 1902. nomen nullum [Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893]. OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY Bra chistpstern us Pocock, 1893. Brachistostemus (Brachistosternus) Pocock, 1893. Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) Maury, 1973. Brachistostemus (Microsternus) Maury, 1973 = Brachistosternus (Ministernus) Francke, combinatio nova. Brachychactas Mello-Leitao, 1945; Chactas (Brachychactas) Mello-Leitao, 1945. Brethus Gervais, 1841. nomen nullum [Buthus Leach, 1815]. f Brontoscorpio Kjellesvig-Waering, 1972. Broteas Agassiz, 1846. nomen vanum [Brotheas Koch, 1837]. Brotheas Koch, 1837. Broteochactas Pocock, 1893. Buthacus Birula, 1908. Buthatus Danni, Dardenne and Lourengo, 1976. nomen nullum [Buthotus Vachon, 1949]. Butheoloides Hirst, 1925. Butheolus Simon, 1883. Butheolus (Butheolus )S\mon, 1883. Butheolus (Nanobuthus) Pocock, 1895. Butheolus (Neobuthus) Hirst, 1911. f Buthiscorpius Petrunkevitch, 1953. Buthiscus Birula, 1905. Butholus Abalos, 1968. nomen nullum [ButhotusV achon, 1949]. Buthoscorpio Werner, 1936 = Pocockius Francke, nomen nouum [pro Stenochirus Karsch, 1892. nomen praeoccupatum]{ Vachon, 1962). Buthotus Vachon, 1949 ~ Hottentotta Birula, 1908. synonymici nova. [Buthus minax Koch, type species of Hottentotta was included in Butholus by Vachon], Buthotus (Buthotus) Vachon, 1949 = Hottentotta (Hottentotta) Birula, 1908. combinatio nouci. Buthotus (Balfourianus) Vachon, 1979 = Hottentotta (Balfourianus) Vachon, 1979. combinatio nova. Buthus Leach, 1815. Buthus (Heterometrus) Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 > Heterometrus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Peters, 1862). Buthus (Hottentotta)Bnu\’d, 1908 > Hottentotta Birula, 1908 (Vachon, 1949). Buthus (Isometrus) Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 > Isometrus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Peters, 1862). Calchas Birula, 1899. nomen praeoecupatum [Calchas Klug, 1850. Coleoptera] = Pciraiurus Francke, nomen nouum. Campsobuthus Hadley, 1974. nomen nullum [CompsobuthusW achon, 1949]. Caraboctonos Mello-Leitao, 1934. nomen nullum [CaraboctonusPocock, 1893]. Carabnctomis Pocock, 1893. Caribeochactas Gonzalez-Sponga, 1978: Chactas (Caribeochactas) Gonzalez- Sponga, 1978. Caucon Karsch, 1879a = Dacurus Peters, 1862 (Karsch, 1879b). Cazierius Francke, 1978. Centromachetes Lonnberg, 1897. nomen substitutum [pro Centromachus Kraepelin, 1894. nomen praeoecupatum]. '('Centromachus Thorell in Thorell and Lindstrom, 1885. Centromachus Kraepelin, 1894- nomen praeoecupatum [f Centromachus Thorell in Thorell and Lindstrom, 1885. Scorpiones] = Centromachetes Lonnberg, 1897. nomen substitutum. FRANCKE- CONSPECTUS GENER1CUS SCORPIONORUM 7 Centruoides Deoras, 1961. nomen nullum [CentruroidesMarx in Howard, 1890]. Centrurioides McClendon, 1904. nomen nullum [CentruroidesMarx in Howard, 1890], Centrums Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. nomen nudum. Centrums Koch, 1838 - Heterometrus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Kraepelin, 1899), Centruroides Marx in Howard, 1890. Centruoroides Diaz Najera, 1970. nomen nullum [Centruroides Marx in Howard, 1890]. Centuroides Alexander, 1957. nomen nullum [Centruroides Marx in Howard, 1890]. Centuroides Crawford and Wooten, 1973. nomen nullum [Centruroides Marx in Howard, 1890], Cercophonius Peters, 1862. Chactaopsis Mello-Leitao, 1945. nomen nullum [ChactopsisKraepelin, 1912]. Chactas Geiwais inWalckenaer and Gervais, 1844. Chactas (Chactas)Gervais in Walckenaer and Gervais, 1844. Chactas (Andinochactas)Gonzilez-Sponga, 1978. Chactas (Brachychactas) Mello-Leitao, 1945. Chactas (Caribeochactas)Gonza\ez-Sponga, 1978. Chactas (Euehactas) Mello-Leitao, 1945. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912. Chaerilomma Roewer, 1943 - ZurusThorell, 1876 (Vachon, 1966). Chaerilus Simon, 1877. Charilus Kopstein, 1921. nomen nullum [ChaerilusSimon, 1877]. Charmus Karsch, 1879. Che be tonus Pocock, 1892. ChelomachusThorell, 1889 - Chaerilus Simon, 1877 (Pocock, 1900). Cher sane sometrus Couzijn, 1978: Heterometrus (Chersonesometrus) Couzijn, 1978. Chiromachetes Pocock, 1899. Chiromackus Pocock, 1893 = Liocheles Sundevall, 1833 (Kraepelin, 1899). Cicelius Stahnke, 1972. nomen nullum [CicileusVachon, 1948]. Cicileus Vachon, 1948. Compsobuthus Vachon, 1949. t Compsoscorpius Petrunkevitch, 1949. f Cydophthalmus Corda, 1835. Cyphocentrus Karsch, 1880 = Nebo Simon, 1878 (Pocock, 1893). Dacurus Peters, 1862 = Opisthacanthus Peters, 1862 (Kraepelin, 1894). Darchenia Vachon, 1977. Dasyscorpio Pallary, 1938= Hottentotta Birula, 1908 (Vachon, 1949). DasyscorpiopsVachon, 1974. Didymocentrus Kraepelin, 1905. Didymocentus di Caporiacco, 1938. nomen nullum [Didymocentrus Kraepelin, 1905]. Didynocentrus Biicherl, 1967. nomen nullum [Didymocentrus Kraepelin, 1905], Diplocentrus Peters, 1862. Diploncenlrus Samano Bishop and Gomez de Ferriz, 1964. nomen nullum [Diplocentrus Peters, 1862]. Diplops Mulaik and Higgins, 1944 = Superstitionia Stahnke, 1940 (Stahnke, 1949). OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY fDolichophonus Petrunkevitch, 1949. Dydymocentrus Kraus, 1955. nomen nullum [Didymocentrus Kraepelin, 1905]. •\Eobuthus Fritsch, 1904 = f Isobuthus Fritsch, 1904 (Petrunkevitch, 1953). f Eoctonus Petrunkevitch, 1913. fEoscorpius Meek and Whorten, 1868. Escorpius Gamier and Stockman, 1972. nomen nullum [Euscorpius Thorell, 1876], Euchactas Mello-Leitao, 1945: Chactas (Euchactas) Mello-Leitao, 1945. f Europhthalmus Petrunkevitch, 1949. Euscorpio Kwartirnikov and Kaluschkov, 1977. nomen nullum [Euscorpius Thorell, 1876]. Euscorpiops Vachon, 1980: Scorpiops (Euscorpiops)Vachon, 1980. Euscorpius Thorell, 1876. nomen substitutum [pro Scorpius Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. nomen praeoccupatum], Euscorpius (Euscorpius)Thorell, 1876. Euscorpius (Polytrichobothrius) Birula, 1917. Euscorpius (Tetratrichobothrius)Birula, 1917. t Feistmantelia Fritsch, 1904 = Isobuthus Fritsch, 1904 (Petrunkevitch, 1953). t Garnettius Petrunkevitch, 1953. Gigantometrus Couzijn, 1978: Heterometrus (Gigantometrus)Couzijn, 1978. fGigantoscorpio Stormer, 1963. Gompsobuthus Biicherl, 1959. nomen nullum [CompsobuthusVachon, 1949]. Grosphus Simon, 1880. Habibiella Vachon, 1974. Hadogenes Kraepelin, 1894. Hadrurochactas Pocock, 1893. Hadruroides Pocock, 1893. Hadrurus Thorell, 1876. Hadurus Cox, 1921. nomen nullum [HadrurusThorell, 1876], Harmurus Buxton, 1927. nomen nullum [HormurusThorell, 1876], Hemibuthus Pocock, 1900. Hemihoplopus Birula, 1903 = Urodacus Peters, 1862 (Kraepelin, 1908). Hemihoplus Arldt, 1908. nomen nullum [Hemihoplopus Birula, 1903]. Hemilychas Hirst, 1911: Lychas (Hemilychas) Hirst, 1911. Hemiscorpion Peters, 18625 (p.511, May), nomen nullum [HemiscorpiusPeters, 1862a (p.426, April)]. Hemiscorpius Peters, 1862. Hererometrus Masthanaiah, Doraswamy Reddy, Chengal Raju and Swami, 1978. nomen nullum [HeterometrusHemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829]. Heterobuthus Kraepelin, 1891 = Parabuthus Pocock, 1890 (Pocock, 1893). Heterochactas Pocock, 1893= Teuthraustes Simon, 1878 (Kraepelin, 1899). Heterocharmus Pocock, 1892 - Charmus Karsch, 1879 (Pocock, 1900). Heteroctenus Pocock, 1893 - Rhopalurus Thorell, 1876 (Kraepelin, 1895). Heterometrus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. Heterometrus (Heterometrus) Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. Heterometrus (Chersonesometrus)Couzijn, 1978. Heterometrus (Gigantometrus)Couzijn, 1978. Heterometrus (Javanimetrus)Couzijn, 1981. Heterometrus (Srilankametrus) Couzijn, 1981. Heteronebo Pocock, 1899. FRANCKE- CONSPECTUSGENERICUS SCORPIONORUM Heteroscorpion Rirula, 1903. Hoffmanniellius Mello-Leitao, June 1934. nomen substitution [pro Uroctonoides Hoffmann, 1931. nomen praeoccupatum] = Paruroctonus Werner, January 1934. nomen substitutum [pro Uroctonoides Hoffman, 1931. nomen praeoccup¬ atum ] (Stahnke, 1957). Hoplocystis Karsch, 1884. Hormiops Fage, 1933. Hormurus Thorell, 1876 - Liocheles Sundevall, 1833 (Karsch, 1880). HottentotaVachon, 1949. nomen nullum [HottentottaBirula, 1908], Hottentotta Birula, 1908. Ioctonus Thorell, 1876 - Urodacus Peters, 1862 (Pocock, 1898). Iodacus Pocock, 1891 - Urodacus Peters, 1862 (Pocock, 1893). Iomachus Pocock, 1893. Iophoro.xenus Mello-Leitao, 1934 - Urophonius Pocock, 1893 (Maury, 1973). Iophorus PeruheT, 1913 = Urophonius Pocock, 1893 (San Martin, 1965). Ischnurus Koch, 1837 = Liocheles Sundevall, 1833 (Thorell, 1877). f Isobuthus Fritsch, 1904. lsometroides Keyserling, 1885. Isometrus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. Isometrus (Isometrus )Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. Isometrus ( Reddy anus )V achon, 1972. lurus Thorell, 1876. Javanimetrus Couzijn, 1981: Heterometrus (Javanimetrus) Couzijn, 1981. Jornachus Birula, 1917. nomen nullum [IomachusPocock, 1893]. Jophorus Birula, 1917. nomen nullum [Iophorus Penther, 1913], Jurus Karsch, 1879. nomen nullum [lurus Thorell, 1876]. Karasbergia Hewitt, 1914. Kraepelinia Vachon, 1974. fLabriscorpio Leary, 1980. Latigenes Maury, 1975: Timogenes (Latigenes)Maury, 1975. Leirus Auber, 1963. nomen nullum [Leiurus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829]. Leiunus Caceres, Aguilar and Meneses, 1972. nomen nullum [Leiurus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829]. Leiurus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. Lepreus Thorell, 1876 = Uroplectes Peters, 1862 (Kraepelin, 1891). Leptosternus Maury, 1973: Brachistosternus (Leptosternus)Maury, 1973. t Liassoscorpionides Bode, 1951. Lichas Fage, 1936. nomen nullum [LychasKoch, 1845]. ~\Lichnopthalmus Petrunkevitch, 1949. t Liehnoscorplus Petrunkevitch, 1949 = Anthracoscorpio Kusta, 1889 (Petrunke- vitch, 1953). Liobuthus Birula, 1898. Liocheles Sundevall, 1833. Liochelus Agassiz, 1846. nomen vanum [LiochelesSundevall, 1833]. Lisposoma Lawrence, 1928. t Lissoscorpionides Petrunkevitch, 1955. nomen nullum [f Liassoscorpionides Bode, 1951]. Lissothus Vachon, 1948. Lycas Hadley, 1974. nomen nullum [LychasKoch, 1845]. Lychas Koch, 1845. 10 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY Lychas (Lychas) Koch, 1845. Lychas (Hemilychas) Hirst, 1911. Lychasioides Vachon, 1974. Lychus Kraepelin, 1907. nomen nullum [LychasKoch, 1845], Maecocentrus Karsch, 1880. nomen substitutum [pro Telegonus Koch, 1837. nomen praeoccupatum]= Thestylus Simon, 1880 (Kraepelin, 1899). f Mazonia Meek and Whorten, 1868. fMazoniscorpio Wills, 1960. Mecocentrus Simon, 1881. nomen nullum [Maecocentrus Karsch, 1880]. Megacormus Karsch, 1881. Mesobuthus Vachon, 1950. fMesophonus Wills, 1910. Mesotityus Gonzalez-Sponga, 1982. Metascorpiops Toldeo-Piza, 1972 = Opisthacanthus Peters, 1862 (Lourenyo, 1981). MiaephonusThorell, 1876 = Opistophthalmus Koch, 1837 (Kraepelin, 1894). Microbunthus Cava, 1947. nomen nullum [MicrobuthusKraepelin, 1898]. Microbuthus Kraepelin, 1898. t Microlabis Corda, 1839. Microsternus Maury, 1973. nomen praeoccupatum [Microsternus Lewis, 1887. Coleoptera] - Ministernus Francke, nomen nouum. Microtityus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966. Microtityus (Micro ^rywsjKjellesvig-Waering, 1966. Microtityus (Paruabsonus) Armas, 1974. Ministernus Francke, nomen nouum: Brachistosternus (Ministernus) Francke, combinatio nova. Mossamedes Simon, 1888= Opistophthalmus Koch, 1837 (Kraepelin, 1894). Nanobuthus Pocock, 1895 > Butheolus (Nanobuthus) Pocock, 1895 (Vachon, 1975). Nebo Simon, 1878. Neobuthus Hirst, 1911 > Butheolus (Neobuthus)Hirst, 1911 (Vachon, 1975). Neoscorpiops Vachon, 1980: Scorpiops (Neoscorpiops)Vachon, 1980. Nepabellus Francke, 1974. nomen substitutum [pro Opisthocentrus Pocock, 1893. nomen praeoccupatum], Nullibrotheas Williams, 1974. f Octopodichnus Gilmore, 1927 (fossil tracks originally ascribed to Amphibia, interpreted as scorpion tracks by Brady, 1947). Odontobuthus Vachon, 1950. Odonturus Karsch, 1879 [nec Odontura Rambur, 1841. Orthoptera], Oecopetrus Pocock, 1893. nomen substitutum [pro Petrooicus Karsch, 1879. nomen non praeoccupatum (nec Petroica Swainson, 1829. Aves)]= Opistoph¬ thalmus Koch, 1837 (Kraepelin, 1894). Oeclus Kraepelin, 1899. nomen nullum [OiclusSimon, 1880]. Oiclus Simon, 1880. Oieclus Francke, 1978. nomen vanum [OiclusSimon, 1880]. Oncocentrus Thorell, 1894 = Anuroctonus Pocock, 1893 (Kraepelin, 1899). Opistacanthus Borelli, 1899; Arldt, 1908. nomina nulla [Opisthacanthus Peters, 1862], Opisthacanthus Peters, 1862. Opisthacantus Esquivel de Verde and Machado-Allison, 1969; Ferreira, 1968. nomina nulla [Opisthacanthus Peters, 1862]. FRANCKE- CONSPECTUSGENERICUS SCORPIONORUM 11 Opisthalamus Cloudsley-Thompson, 1965. nomen nullum [Opistophthalamus Koch, 18371. Opisthocanthus Machan, 1968. nomen nullum [OpisthacanthusPeters, 1862]. Opisthocentrus Pocock, 1893. nomen praeoccupalum [Opisthocentrus Kner, 1868. Pisces] - Nepabellus Francke, 1974. nomen substitutum. Opisthophtalmus Gamier and Stockman, 1972. nomen nullum [Opistophthal¬ mus Koch, 1837]. Opisthophthalnius Agassiz, 1846. nomen uanum [Opistophthalmus Koch, 1837]. Opislhopthalmus Maury, 1968. nomen nullum [Opistophthalmus Koch, 1837]. Opistophthalmus Koch, 1837, Orobothriurus Maury, 1976, Orthocliirus Karsch, 1892. nomen substitutum [pro Orthodactylus Karsch, 1881. nomen praeoccupatumJ. Orthodactylus Karsch, 1881. nomen praeoccupatum [Orthodactylus Hitchcock, 1858. Reptilia]- Orthochirus Karsch, 1892. nomen substitutum. Ortochirus Borelli, 1928; di Caporiacco, 1950; Maury, 1968. nomen nullum l Orthochirus Karsch, 1892]. t Paleobuthus Petrunkevitch, 1913. t Palaeohelcura Gilmore, 1927 (fossil tracks originally ascribed to Amphibia interpreted as scorpion tracks by Brady, 1939). fPalaeomachus Pocock, 1911 f Palaeophonus Thorell and Lindstrom, 1884. fPalaeopisthacanthus Petrunkevitch, 1913. fPalaeoscorpius Lehmann, 1944. Palamnaeus Thorell, 1876 = Heterometrus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Pocock, 1888), Palamneus Krishnan, 1953. nomen nullum [PalamnaeusThorel1, 1876]. Pandinoides Vachon, 1974: Pandinus (Pandinoides)Vachon, 1974. Pandinops Birula, 1913; Pandinus (Pandinops) Birula, 1913. Pandinopsis Vachon, 1974: Pandinus (Pandinopsis)Vachon, 1974. Pandinurus Vachon, 1974:Pandinus (Pandinurus)Vachon, 1974. Pandinus Thorell, 1876. Pandinus (PandinusJThorell, 1876. Pandinus (Pandinoidesyachon, 1974. Pandinus (Pandinops)Birula, 19/3, Pandinus (Pandinopsis)Vachon, 1974. Pandinus (Pandinurus)Vachon, 1974. Parabroteas Penther, 1913. nomen praeoccupatum [Parabroteas Mrazek, 1902. CrustaceaJ- Pentheria Francke, nomen novum. Parabutliis Glenn, Keegan and Whittemore, 1962, nomen nullum [Parabuthus Pocock, 1890], Parabuthus Pocock. 1890. Paraiurus Francke, nomen nouum [pro Calchas Birula, 1899. nomen praeoccup¬ atum]. Parascorpiops Banks, 1928. Paravaejovis Williams, 1980. fPareobuthus Wills, 1959. PareuscorpiusVachon, 1961. nomen nudum. Parurocto-nus Werner, 1934. nomen substitutum [pro Uroctonoides Hoffmann, 1931, nomen praeoccupatum]. Paruabsonus Armas, 1974: Microtityus (Paruabsonus)Armas, 1974. 12 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY Pentheria Francke, nomen nouum [pro Parabroteas Penther, 1913. nomen pra eoct'upat rum]. Petrooicus Karsch, 1879 [nec Petroicci Swainson, 1829. Aves] = Opistophthalmus Koch, 1837 (Kraepelin, 1899). Petrooicus Ausserer, 1880. nomen nullum [PetrooicusKarsch, 1879]. Phassus Thorell. 1876. nomen praeoccupatum [Phassus'Walker, 1856. Lepidop- tera] - Pucha Francke, nomen novum. Phoniocercus Pocock, 1893. Physoctonus Mello-Leitao, 1934 = Rhopalurus Thorell, 1876 (Francke, 1977). Pilumnus Koch, 1837. nomen praeoccupatum [PilumnusLeach, 1815. Crustacea] = Re pucka Francke. nomen nouum. Plesiobuthus Pocock, 1900 = Liobuthus Birula, 1898 (Kraepelin, 1905). Plesiochactas Pocock, 1900. Polytrichqbothrius Birula, 1917: Euscorpius (Polytrichobothrius )Birula, 1917. Prionurus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. nomen praeoccupatum [Prionurus Lacepede, 1804. Pisces]= Puchale Francke, nomen novum. Pocockius Francke, nomen nouum [pro Stenochirus Karsch, 1892. nomen praeoccupatum ]. fProscorpius Whitfield, 1885. Proteochactas Bucherl, 1967. nomen nullum [Broteochactas Pocock, 1893]. Prothophthalmus Maury; 1975. nomen nullum [Protophthalmus Lawrence, 1969]. Protophthalmus Lawrence, 1969 = Opistophthalmus Koch, 1837 (Newlands, 1972). Psammobuthus Birula, 1911. Pseiulobuthus Pocock, 1893. nomen substitutum [pro Rhoptrurus Karsch, 1886. nomen non praeoccupatum ( nec Rhoptrura Peters, 1858. Reptilia)] = Odonturus Karsch, 1879. Pseudolychas Kraepelin, 1912. Pseudoroctonus Maury, 1974. nomen nullum [Pseudouroctonus Stahnke, 1974]. Pseudouroctonus Stahnke, 1974. Pucha Francke, nomen novum [pro Phassus Thorell, 1876. nomen praeoccup¬ atum]- Tityus Koch, 1836. synonymia nova. Puchale Francke, nomen novum [proPrionurus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. nomen praeoccupatum] = Androctonus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. synonymia nova. Reddyamts Vachon, 1972: Zsometrus (Reddyanus)V achon, 1972. Rhopalcirus Franganillo, 1935. nomen nullum [RhopalurusThorell, 1876]. Rhopalurus Thorell, 1876. Rhoptrurus Karsch, 1886. nomen substitutum [pro Odonturus Karsch, 1879. nomen non praeoccupatum (nec Odontura Rambur, 1841. Orthoptera)] = Odonturus Karsch, 1879. Rophalurus Ferreira, 1968. nomen nullum [RhopalurusThorell , 1876], Repucha Francke, nornen novum [pro Pilumnus Koch, 1837. nomen praeoccup¬ atum]- Lychas Koch. 1845. synonymia nova, Scorpio Linnaeus, 1758. Scorpio (AndroctonusIHemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 > Androctonus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Koch, 1837). Scorpio (Androctonus/Leiurus) Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 > Leiurus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Peters, 1862). FRANCKE- CONSPECTUS GENERIC US SC0RP10N0RUM 13 Scorpio (Androctonus/Prionurus) Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 > Prionurus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Peters, 1862). Scorpio (Buthus)Leach, 1815 > Buthus Leach, 1815 (Koch, 1837). Scorpio (Buthus/Heterometrus) Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 > Heterometrus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Peters, 1862). Scorpio (Buthus // sometrus) Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 > Isometrus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Peters, 1862). Scorpio (Centrums )Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 > Centrums Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Gervais, 1844). nomen nudum. Scorpio (Chactas)Gervais, in Walckenaer and Gervais, 1844 > Chactas Gervais, inWalckenaer and Gervais, 1844 (Peters, 1862). Scorpio (Scorpius) Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 > Scorpius Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 (Koch, 1837). Scorpius Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829. nomen praeoccupatum [Scorpius Lacepede, 1802. Pisces]- EuscorpiusThorell, 1876. nomen substitutum. Scorpiobuthus Werner, 1939. Scorpiops Peters, 1862. Scorpiops (Scorpiops)Peters, 1862. Scorpiops (Alloscorpiops)Vachon, 1980. Scorpiops (Euscorpiops)Vachon, 1980. Scorpiops (Neoscorpiops)Vachon, 1980. Scorpiopsis Ardlt, 1908. nomen nullum [ScorpiopsPeters, 1862]. Serradigitus Stahnke, 1974 - Vaejovis Koch, 1836 (Williams, 1980). Sisyphus Koch, 1837. lapsus calami [prolschnurus Koch, 1837]. f Spongiophonus Wills, 1946. f Spongiogtarsus Petrunkevitch, 1955. nomen nullum [profSpongiophonus Wills, 1946], Srilankametrus Couzijn, 1981: Heterometrus (Srilankametrus) Couzijn, 1981. Stenochirus Karsch, 1892. nomen praeoccupatum [Stenochirus Oppel, 1862. Crustacea] = Pocockius Francke, nomen novum. Superstitionia Stahnke, 1940. Syntropis Kraepelin, 1901. Tarsoporosus Francke, 1978. Taurepania Gonzalez-Sponga, 1978. Tehuankea Cekalovic, 1973. Telegonus Koch, 1837. nomen praeoccupatum [Telegonus Hiibner, 1816. Lepidoptera]= Maecocentrus Karsch, 1880. nomen substitutum. Testylus Abalos, 1955; Abalos, 1968. nomina nulla [Thestylus Simon, 1880]. Tetratrichobothrius Birula, 1917: Euscorpius (Tetratrichobothrtus)Birula, 1917. Teuthrastes Esquivel de Verde and Machado-Allison, 1969. nomen nullum [TeuthtraustesSimon, 1878], Teuthtraustes Simon, 1878. Thestylus Simon, 1880. Thyphlochactas Diaz Najera, 1970. nomen nullum [Typhlochactas Mitchell, 1968], Timogenes Simon, 1880. Timogenes (Timogenes)Simon, 1880. Timogenes (Latigenes)Maury, 1975. Tithyus Koch, 1850; Peters, 1862. nomina nulla [TityusKoch, 1836], Titius Mello-Leitao, 1931. nomen nullum [TityusKoch, 1836]. 14 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY Tityobuthus Pocock, 1893. Tityolepreus Kraepelin, 1891 = Uroplectes Peters, 1862 (Pocock, 1893). Tityopsis Armas, 1974: Tityus (Tityopsis)Armas, 1974. Tityus Koch, 1836. Tityus (Tityus) Koch, 1836. Tityus (Tityopsis)Armas, 1974. Transborthriurus Bucherl, San Martin, Flores da Cunha, Matthiesen, Zimher and Bucherl, 1963. nomen nullum [Transbothriurus Mello-Leitao, 1945]. Transbothriurus Mello-Leitao, 1945: Bothriurus (Transbothriurus) Mello-Leitao, 1945 = Timogenes Simon, 1880 (Maury and San Martin, 1973). Trichobuthus Vachon, 1941 = Buthiscus Birula, 1905 (Vachon, 1942). f Trigonoscorpio Petrunkevitch, 1913. Troglocormw Francke, 1982. Troglotayosicus Lourengo, 1981. Typhlochactas Mitchell, 1968. fTyphlopisthacanthus Petrunkevitch, 1949. ■fTyphloscorpius Petrunkevitch, 1949. Tytius Danni, Dardenne and Lourengo, 1976. nomen nullum [Tityus Koch, 1836]. Tytyus Esquivel de Verde, 1968. nomen nullum [Tityus Koch, 1836]. Uroctones Henry, 1949. nomen nullum [Uroctonus Thorell, 1876]. Uroctonoides Chamberlin, 1920 = Teuthraustes Simon, 1878 (Soleglad, 1973). Uroctonoides Hoffmann, 1931. nomen praeoccupatum [Uroctonoides Chamber¬ lin, 1920. Scorpiones] = Paruroctonus Werner, 1934. nomen substitutum. Uroctonus Thorell, 1876. Urodacus Peters, 1862. Uromachus Pocock, 1890= Chaerilus Simon, 1877 (Pocock, 1900). Urophonius Pocock, 1893. Uroplectes Peters, 1862. Vachonia Abalos, 1954. Vachoniochactas Gonzalez-Sponga, 1978. Vachoniolus Levy, Amitai and Shulov, 1973. Vaejovis Koch, 1836. Vejovis Thorell, 1876. nomen vanum [Vaejovis Koch, 1836]. Vejovoidus Stahnke, 1974. 'fWaeringoscorpio St&rmer, 1970. t Wattisonia Wills, 1960. Xomyobuthus Vachon, 1949. lapsus calami [pro Compsobuthus Vachon, 1949], Zabius Thorell, 1894. Zaediw Arldt, 1908. nomen nullum [Zabius Thorell, 1894]. Familial Assignments of Valid Genus-Group Names in this Conspectus tArchaeoctonidae Petrunkevitch, 1949 f Archaeoctonus Pocock, 1911 f Eoctonus Petrunkevitch, 1913 Bothriuridae Simon, 1880 Bothriurus Peters, 1862 Bothriurus (Andibothriurus) Bucher], San Martin. Flores da Cunha, Matthiesen, Zimber and Bucherl, 1963 FRANCKE-CONSPECTUS GENERICUS SCORPIONORUM Brachistosternus Pocock, 1893 Brachistosternus (Leptosternus) Maury, 1973 Brachistosternus (Ministernus) Francke, nomen subgenericum combinaiio nova Centromachetes Lonnberg, 1897 Cercophonius Peters, 1862 Lisposoma Lawrence, 1928 Orobothriurus Maury, 1976 Phoniocercus Pocock, 1893 Tehuankea Cekalovic, 1973 Thestylus Simon, 1880 Timogenes Simon, 1880 Timogenes (Latigenes)Mmry, 1975 Vrophonius Pocock, 1893 Vachonia Abalos, 1954 Buthidae Simon, 1879 Akentrobutlius Lamoral, 1976 Alayotityus Armas, 1973 Ananteris Thorell, 1891 Ananleroides Borelli, 1911 Androcionus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 Anomalobuthus Kraepelin, 1901 Apistobulhus Finnegan, 1932 Babycurus Karsch, 1886 Birulatus Vachon, 1974 Buthacus Birula, 1908 Butheoloides Hirst, 1925 But he olus Simon, 1883 Butheolus (Nanobuthus)Pocock, 1895 Butheolus (Neobuthus)Hirst 1911 Buthiscus Birula, 1905 Buthus Leach, 1815 Centruroides Marx in Howard, 1890 Charmus Karsch, 1879 Cicileus Vachon, 1948 Compsobuthus Vachon, 1949 Darchenia Vachon, 1977 Grosphus Simon, 1880 Hemibuthits Pocock. 1900 Hoplocystis Karsch, 1884 Hottentotta Birula, 1908 Isometroides Keyserling, 1885 Jsometrus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 Isometrus (Reddyanus) Vachon, 1972 Karasbergia Hewitt, 1914 Kraepelinia Vachon, 1974 Leiurus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 Liobuthus Birula, 1898 Lissothus Vachon, 1948 Lychas Koch, 1845 novum, 16 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY Lychas (Hemilychas) Hirst, 1911 Lychasioides Vachon, 1974 Mesobuthus Vachon, 1950 Mesotityus Gonzilez-Sponga, 1982 Microbuthus Kraepelin, 1898 Microtityus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966 Microtityus ( Parvabsonns ) Armas, 1974 Odontobuthus Vachon, 1950 Odonturus Karsch, 1879 Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 Parabuthus Pocock. 1890 Pocockius Francke, nomen nouum Psammobuthus Birula, 1911 Pseudolychas Kraepelin, 1912 Rhopalurus Thorell, 1876 Scorpiobuthus Werner, 1939 Tityobuthus Pocock, 1893 Tityus Koch, 1836 Tityus ( Tityopsis) Armas, 1974 Uroplectes Peters, 1862 Vachoniolus Levy, Amitai and Shulov, 1973 Zabius Thorell, 1894 Chactidae Pocock, 1893 Alacran Francke, 1982 Auyantepuia Gonzilez-Sponga, 1978 Belisarius Simon, 1879 Broteochactas Pocock, 1893 Brotheas Koch, 1837 Chactas Gervais in Walckenaer and Gervais, 1844 Chactas (Andinochactas) Gonzilez-Sponga, 1978 Chactas (Brachychactas) Mello-Leitao, 1945 Chactas (Caribeochactas) Gonzilez-Sponga, 1978 Chactas (Euchactas)MeUo-'Leitao, 1945 Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912 Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 Euscorpius (Polytrichobothrius) Birula, 1917 Euscorpius (Tetratrichobothrius) Birula, 1917 Hadrurochactas Pocock, 1893 Megacormus Karsch, 1881 Pentheria Francke, nomen nouum Plesiochactas Pocock, 1900 Superstitionia Stahnke, 1940 Taurepania Gonzilez-Sponga, 1978 Teuthraustes Simon, 1878 Troglocormus Francke, 1982 Troglotayosicus Lourengo, 1981 Typhlochactas Mitchell, 1968 Vachoniochactas Gonzilez-Sponga, 1978 Chaerilidae Pocock, 1893 Chaerilus Simon, 1877 FRANCKE-CONSPECTUS GENERICUS SCORPIONORUM 17 fCentromachidae Petrunkevitch, 1953 f Centromachus Thorell, 1885 fCyclophthalmidae Petrunkevitch, 1913 •fCyclophthalmus Corda, 1835 Diplocentridae Pocock, 1893 Cazierius Francke, 1978 Didymocentrus Kraepelin, 1905 Diplocentrus Peters, 1862 Heteronebo Pocock, 1899 Nebo Simon, 1878 Oiclus Simon, 1880 Tarsoporosus Francke, 1978 tDolichophonidae Petrunkevitch, 1953 fDolichophonus Petrunkevitch, 1949 tEoscorpiidae Scudder, 1884 t Alloscorpius Petrunkevitch, 1949 f Anthracoscorpio Kusta, 1888 t Brontoscorpio Kjellesvig-Waering, 1972 t Buthiscorpius Petrunkevitch, 1953 t Compsoscorpius Petrunkevitch, 1949 t Eoscorpius Meek and Whorten, 1868 •fEurophthalmus Petrunkevitch, 1949 fGarnettius Petrunkevitch, 1953 f Lichnophthalmus Petrunkevitch, 1949 fPalaeopisthacanthus Petrunkevitch, 1913 f Trigonoscorpio Petrunkevitch, 1913 t Typhlopisthacanthus Petrunkevitch, 1949 t Typhloscorpius Petrunkevitch, 1949 Ischnuridae Simon, 1879 Cheloctonus Pocock, 1892 Chiromachetes Pocock, 1899 Hadogenes Kraepelin, 1894 Heteroscorpion Birula, 1903 Hormiops Fage, 1933 Iomachus Pocock, 1893 Liocheles Sundevall, 1833 Nepabellus Francke, 1974 Opisthacanthus Peters, 1862 flsobuthidae Petrunkevitch, 1913 f Isobuthus Fritsch, 1904 f Microlabis Corda, 1839 t Palaeobuthus Petrunkevitch, 1913 Iuridae Thorell, 1876 Caraboctonus Pocock, 1893 Hadruroides Pocock, 1893 Hadrurus Thorell, 1876 lurus Thorell, 1876 Paraiurus Francke, nomen novum 18 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY fMazoniidae Petrunkevitch, 1913 t Mazonia Meek and Whorten, 1868 fMesophonidae Wills, 1910 fMesophonus Wills, 1910 ■fSpongiop bonus Wills, 1946 fPalaeophonidae Thorell and Lindstrom, 1885 f Palaeophonus Thorell and Lindstrom, 1884 fPalaeoscorpiidae Lehmann, 1944 t Palaeoscorpius Lehmann, 1944 tProscorpionidae Scudder, 1885 f Archaeophonus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966 t Proscorpius Whitfield, 1885 Scorpionidae Peters, 1862 Habibiella Vachon, 1974 Hemiscorpius Peters, 1862 Heterometrus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1829 Heterometrus (Chersonesometrus)Couzijn, 1978 Heterometrus (Gigantometrus) Couzijn, 1978 Heterometrus ( Javanimetrus ) Couzijn, 1981 Heterometrus (Srilankametrus) Couzijn, 1981 Opistophthalmus Koch, 1837 Pandinus Thorell, 1876 Pandinus (Pandinoides) Vachon, 1974 Pandinus (Pandinops) Birula, 1913 Pandinus (Pandinopsis) Vachon, 1974 Pandinus (Pandinurus) Vachon, 1974 Scorpio Linnaeus, 1758 Urodacus Peters, 1862 Vaejovidae Thorell, 1876 Anuroctonus Pocock, 1893 Dasyscorpiops Vachon, 1974 Nullibrotheas Williams, 1974 Parascorpiops Banks, 1928 Paruroctonw Werner, 1934 Pseudouroctonus Stahnke, 1974 Scorpiops Peters, 1862 Scorpiops ( Alloscorpiops ) Vachon, 1980 Scorpiops (Euscorpiops) Vachon, 1980 Scorpiops (Neoscorpiops) Vachon, 1980 Syntropis Kraepelin, 1901 Uroctonus Thorell, 1876 Vaejovis Koch, 1836 Vejovoidus Stahnke, 1974 fWaeringoscorpionidae Stormer, 1970 t Waeringoscorpio Stormer, 1970 Familia Incertae fBenniescorpio Wills, 1960 t Gigantoscorpio Stormer, 1963 f Labriscorpio Leary, 1980 'fLiassoscorpionides Bode, 1951 FRANCKE- CONSPECTUS GENERIC US SC0RP10N0RUM 19 t Mazoniscorpio Wills, 1960 t Palaeomachus Pocock, 191 1 t Pareobuthus Wills, 1959 fWattisoniaWills, 1960 fOctopodichnus Gilmore, 1927 (Scorpiones?) Ordines Incertae fPalaeohelcura Gilmore, 1972 (Scorpiones?) Authors and the Genus-Group Names of Scorpiones in this Conspectus Proposed by Each Abalos,]. W.: Vachonia, 1954. Armas, L. F. de: Alayotityus, 1973; Microtityus (Pawabsonus), 1974; Tityus (Tityopsis),1974. Banks, N.: Parascorpiops , 1928. Birula, A. A. B.: Liobuthus, 1898; Calchas, 1899; Hemihoplopus, 1903; Heteroscorpion, 1903; Buthiscus, 1905; Buthacus, 1908; Buthus (Hottentotta), 1908; Psammobuthus, 1911) Pandinus (Pandinops), 1913; Euscorpius (Polytri- chobothrius), 1917; Euscorpius (Tetratrichobothrius), 1917. Bode, A.: fLiassoscorpionides, 1951. Borelli, A.: Ananteroides, 1911. Biicherl, W., P. R. San Martin, M. Flores da Cunha, F. A. Matthiesen, S. Zimber, and l Biicherl: Bothriurus (Andibothriurus), 1963. di Caporiacco, L.: Anoplobuthus, 1932. Cekalovic, T.: Tehuankea, 1973. Chamberlin, R. V.: Uroctonoides, 1920. Corda, A. J. C.: t Cyclophthalmus , 1835; fMicrolabis, 1839. Couzijn, H. W. C.: Heterometrus (Chersonesometrus), 1978; Heterometrus (Gigantometrus), 1978; Heterometrus (Javanimetrus), 1981; Heterometrus (Srilankametrus) ,1981. Fage, L.: Hormiops, 1933. Finnegan, D.: Apistobuthus, 1932. Erancke, O. F.: Nepabellus, 1974; Cazierius, 1978; Tarsoporosus, 1978; Alacran, 1982; Troglocormw, 1982; Brachistosternus (Ministernus), nomen novum; Paraiurus, nomen novum; Pentheria, nomen novum; Pocockius, nomen novum; Pucha, nomen novum; Puchale, nomen novum; Repucha, nomen novum. Fritsch,A.: fEobuthus, 1904; 31 so buthus, 1904; fFeistmantelia, 1904. Gervais, P.: Scorpio (Chactas),1844. Gilmore, C. W.: f Octopodichnus, 1927; fPalaeohelcura, 1927. (Scorpiones?). Gonzalez-Sponga, M. A.: Auyantepuia, 1978; Chactas (Andinochactas), 1978; Chactas (Caribeochactas), 1978; Taurepania, 1978; Vachoniochactas, 1978; Mesotityus, 1982. Hemprich, F. G. and C. G. Ehrenber: Scorpio (Androctonus), 1829; Scorpio (Androctonus/Leiurus), 1829; Scorpio (Androctonus/Prionurus), 1829; Scorpio (Buthus/Heterometrus), 1829; Scorpio (Buthus/Isometrus), 1829; Scorpio (Cen¬ trums), 1829; Scorpio (Scorpius), 1829. Hewitt, J.: Karasbergia, 1914. Hirst, S.: Lychas (Hemilychas), 1911; Neobuthus, 1911; Butheoloides, 1925. Hoffmann, C. C.: Uroctonoides, 1931. 20 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY Karsch, F.: Androcottus, 1879; Caucon, 1879; Charmus, 1879; Odonturus, 1879; Petrooicus, 1879; Cyphocentrus, 1880; Maecocentrus, 1880; Orthodactylus, 1881; Megacormus, 1881; Hoplocystis, 1884; Babycurus, 1886; Rhoptrurus, 1886; Orthochirus, 1892; Stenochirus, 1892. Keyserling, E.: Isometroides, 1885. Kjellesvig-Waering, E. N.: t Archaeophonus , 1966; Microtilyus, 1966; fBrontoscor- pio, 1972. Koch, C. L.: Tityus, 1836; Vaejovis, 1836; Atreus, 1837; Brotheas, 1837; Ischnurus, 1837; Opistophthalmus, 1837; Pilumnus, 1837; Sisyphus, 1837; Telegonus, 1837; Centrums, 1838; Lychas, 1845. Kraepelin, K.: Archisometrus, 1891; Heterobuthus, 1891; Tityolepreus, 1891; Centromachus, 1894; Hadogenes, 1894; Microbuthus, 1898; Anomalobuthus, 1901; Syntropis, 1901; Didymocentrus, 1905; Chactopsis, 1912; Pseudolychas, 1912. Kusta, J.: f Anthrascorpio , 1889. Lamoral, B. H.: Akentrobuthus, 1976. Lawrence, R. F.: Lisposoma, 1928; Protophthalmus, 1969. Leach, W E.: Scorpio (Buthus), 1815. Leary, R. L.: f Labriscorpio , 1980. Lehmann, W M.: t Palaeoscorpius, 1944. Levy, G., P. Amitai and A Shulov: Vachoniolus, 1973. Linnaeus, C.: Scorpio, 1758. Lonnberg, E.: Centromachetes, 1897. Lourengo, W. R.: Troglotayosicus, 1981. Marx, G.: Centruroides, 1890. Maury, E. A: Brachistosternus (Leptosternus), 1973; Brachistosternus (Microster- nus), 1973; Timogenes (Latigenes),\915\ Orobothriurus, 1976. Meek, F. 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