Q 11 .L52X NH NUMBER 273 JULY 12, 1975 A CRITICAL LIST OF TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS IN THE MOORE EABORATORY OF ZOOEOGY AT OCCIDENTAE COEEEGE John William Hardy and Thomas Webber » ■ NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY CONTRIBUTIONS IN SCENCC Published by the NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007 SERIAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY Prior to November 30, 1973, publications of the Natural History Museum have appeared under various formats — Leaflet Series, Museum Graphic, Science Series, Study Guides, Con- tributions in Science, Contributions in History, Science Bulletins, unnumbered catalogs of exhibitions, and other miscellaneous publications. The Museum now publishes the following serials at irregular intervals as CONTRIBUTIONS IN SCIENCE, HISTORY BULLETINS, SCIENCE BULLETINS, EDUCATION SERIES, HISTORY SERIES, and SCIENCE SE- RIES. 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Editor All communications concerning CONTRIBUTIONS IN SCIENCE should be sent to the Editor, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007 NOV 232016 Hbrar\^ A CRITICAL LIST OF TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS IN THE MOORE LABORATORY OF ZOOLOGY AT OCCIDENTAL COLLEGE* By John William Hardy^ and Thomas Webber^ Abstract: Type specimens of birds in the collection of the Moore Laboratory of Zoology at Occidental College, Los Angeles, California, are re- examined and the validity of their taxa reassessed. Types, as well as paratypes, and certain topotypes are listed by catalogue numbers and the amount of com- parative material from the type locality or its vicinity given. Seventy-four taxa are treated, including seventy subspecies, four species and one genus. There is a table giving a phylogenetic list of the forms discussed and a map showing the approx- imate location of each of the type localities. Introduction For a comparatively small bird collection (about 67,000 skins), the one in the Moore Laboratory of Zoology has an unusually large number of type specimens. Robert T. Moore, an amateur ornithologist, wa-s especially interested in tax- onomy of neotropical birds at the species and subspecies level at a time, between 1920 and 1958, when undescribed species and races of birds were still fairly plen- tiful. Early in his activities he visited Ecuador to supervise the collecting of birds and to secure the services of professional collectors, the well-known Olalla brothers. Later he joined Herbert Friedmann, Ludlow Griscom, and subsequent- ly A Men Miller in the prolonged preparation of the Check-list of Mexican Birds (1950, 1957), which required his considerable devotion to the amassment of what is generally considered to be the most comprehensive collection of Mexican land bird material. This collection, denoted by the symbol K-d in the checklist, forms one of the principal bases for the documentation of the kinds and distribution of Mexican birds. For a variety of reasons, including the “private” nature of his collection (they truly entered the guardianship of the college only upon Moore’s death in 1958), most of the holotypes, paratypes, and topotypes in it were not seen by other interested taxonomists until the 1960’s, when John Hardy became curator and the policy of the institution was relaxed to allow visiting scientists use of the collection. Types thereafter could be borrowed within the United States and un- der certain circumstances outside the country. Many workers who probably ' Review Committee for this Contribution Thomas R. Howell Ned K. Johnson Kenneth E. Stager ‘The Florida State Museum, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611; and Research Associate in Ornithology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Wolunteer assistant, Moore Laboratory of Zoology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, California 90041 1 2 Contributions in Science No. 273 Figure 1. Map showing type localities of forms discussed in the text. Numbers are those used to designate the forms in the account of taxa. The large figure is of Mexico. The insets are (left) Nevada and (right) Ecuador. would like to do so have not had the opportunity to examine critical materials necessary for re-evaluation of the forms represented by the types and until now no comprehensive listing or reassessment of these has been undertaken. In 1965, a checklist committee was formed by the American Ornithologists’ Union to begin work on a new edition of the AOU checklist to replace the 1957 edition. At the same time the decision was made to expand the checklist coverage area to include all of Middle America through Panama. Consequently it seems appropriate at this time to present the following analysis and re-evaluation. While it was in preparation, further impetus for completion of the task was provided by the publication of an article entitled Bird Collections in the United States and Canada by Banks, Clench and Barlow (1973). In this paper the authors endorse Article 72 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, which includes a recommendation that institutions possessing holotypes should publish lists of these type materials. In this effort, we have restated the basic type information and pinpointed the type localities shown on a map (Fig. 1). We have listed all paratypical specimens and all topotypical specimens housed in the Laboratory when these were fewer than 1 1 and merely listed their number otherwise. We have also presented our conclusions concerning the validity of the taxa and evaluated the usefulness of the characters upon which they are based. In a few cases, recent published studies have appeared concerning certain of these specimens and in 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 3 these cases we have merely cited the literature reference and added a simple state- ment of our opinion if it differs from that of the recent author. We have chosen the strictest possible definition of a type locality; according- ly specimens noted as topotypes show exactly the same locality as the holotype on their labels. Also, paratypes listed are only those of topotypic status and listed by the author in his original published description. Numbers of specimens from the vicinity of the type locality are given as are specimens that the author probably used in his deliberations but were not so designated in his published account. We have assigned each form dealt with a reference number as shown in the list below (Table 1). Robert T. Moore published descriptions of 64 holotypes in the Moore Laboratory of Zoology. Of these, 60 were of geographic races, 4 were of new species (5, 29, 42, 61), and 1 (of these) was of a new genus (61). Moore col- laborated with Joe T. Marshall to describe one race (11), with Donald R. Medina to describe one (1), and with James L. Peters to describe another (16). All other forms for which the types are in the Moore Laboratory are also races. Of these John Davis described two (22, 69), Allan R. Phillips four (67, 71, 72, 73), and Frank A. Pitelka one (44). As shown on the map (Fig. 1), 68 of these 74 forms are of Mexico, one of the United States (Nevada), two are of Honduras, and three are of Ecuador. Table 1 is a phylogenetic list of all of these forms and their authors and fol- lowing that is our analysis of each in the same order. Acknowledgments We were aided greatly in the completion of this study by the assistance of the following curators who kindly made loans of specimens to us or supplied data from specimens in their care: Raymond A. Paynter, Jr., Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University; Lester L. Short, Jr., American Museum of Natural History; George E. Watson, U.S. National Museum; Melvin A. Traylor, Jr., Field Museum; Lloyd F. Kiff, Western Foundation of V ertebrate Zoology; James R. Northern, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County; Thomas R. Howell, Dickey Collection, Department of Zoology, University of California, Los Angeles. We profited also from correspondence or conversations with Allan R. Phillips and John Davis. Oliver L. Austin, Jr., Pierce Brodkorb, and Kenneth C. Parkes read drafts of the manuscript and provided invaluable criticism for which we are especially grateful. The work was largely completed while Hardy was curator of the Moore Laboratory collections and Webber was a student at Glendale Community Col- lege and a volunteer assistant curator in the Moore Laboratory. Accounts of Taxa Cracidae (1) Ortalis poliocephala lajuelae Moore and Medina. Ortalis poliocephala lajuelae Moore and Medina, Condor 59:230, 1975 (La- juela, Colima). ^ 4 Contributions in Science No. 273 Table 1 List of Taxa and Evaluations * = Recognized; 8 = Equivocal; 0 = Doubtful; X = Invalid; — = not judged X (1) Ortalis poliocephala lajuelae Moore and Medina * (2) LophortyxgambeliifriedmanniMoovQ * (3) Meleagris gallopavo onustaMooTQ * (4) Aratinga canicularis clarae Mootq * (5) Rhynchopsitta terrisiMoovQ * (6) Amazonafinschi woodi Mootc * (7) Geococcyx velox melanchima Mootq X (8) Otus asio sortilegus Mootq * (9) Otus asio suttoni Mootq X (10) Otus asio sinaloensis Moore * (11) Otus asio Iambi M oore and M arshall * (12) Otus asio seductus M oore X (13) Otus cooperi chiapensis Mootq X (14) Otus trichopsis pumilus Mootq X (15) Otus guatemalae tomlini M oore X (16) Otus guatemalae fuscus Moore and Peters 8 (17) Glaucidium minutissimum oberholseri Mootq 8(18) Glaucidium minutissimum griscomi M oore * (19) Glaucidium minutissimum occultum Mootq * (20) Asio stygius Iambi Mootq 8 (21) Aegolius ridgwayi tacanensis Mootq * (22) Nyctibius griseus Iambi O (23) Phalaenoptilus nuttallii centralis Mootq 8 (24) Panyptila cayennensis veraecrucis Mootq * (25) Lophornis delattrei brachylopha Mootq * (26) Cynanthus latirostris propinquus Moore * (27) Amazilia beryllina lichtensteini Mootq * (28) Atthis heloisa margarethae Mootq X (29) Chaetocercus cleavesi Mootq * (30) Momotus mexicanus vanrossemi Mootq * (31) Melanerpes chrysogenys morelensis M oore * (32) Dendrocopos stricklandi aztecus Mootq * (33) Phloeoceastes guatemalensis dorsofasciatus Mootq * (34) Lepidocolaptes leucogaster umbrosus Mootq * (35) Megarhynchus pitangua tardiusculus Mootq — (36) Empidonax difficilis culiacani Mootq — (37) Empidonax difficilis immodulatus Mootq — (38) Empidonax difficilis bateli Mootq — (39) Empidonax difficilus immemoratus Mootq — (40) Empidonax difficilis seclusus Mootq — (41) Empidonax albigularis subtilis M oore * (42) Cyanocorax dickeyi Mootq * (43) Cyanocitta stelleri teotepecensis Mootq * (44) Aphelocoma unicolor oaxacae Pitolka. * (45) Cistothorus platensis tinnulus Mootq 8 (46) Salpinctes obsoletus sollicitus M oore * (47) Toxostoma curvirostre celsum Mootq * (48) Toxostoma dorsale dumosum Mootq 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 5 X (49) Turdus assimilis calliphthongusMooxQ X (50) Cat hams frantzii confusus Phillips * (51) Cathams aurantiirostris aenopennis M oore * (52) Myadestes townsendi calophonusMooTQ * (53) Sialia mexicana amabile Moovq O (54) Ptilogonys cinereus otofuscusMooTQ X (55) Vireo pallens paluster Moore X (56) Vermivora superciliosa sodalis Moore * (57) Geothly pis nelsoni karlenae Moore * (58) Ergaticus ruber melanauris Moore O (59) Basileuterus belli bated Moore X (60 Buthraupis eximia cyanocalyptra Moore X (61) Tephrophilus wetmorei Moore X (62) Carpodacus mexicanus solitudinus Moore * (63) Carpodacus mexicanus rhodopnus Moore * (64) Carpodacus mexicanus altitudinis Moore * (65) Carpodacus mexicanus griscomi Moore X (66) Atlapetes virenticeps verecundus (Moore) * (67) Atlapetes brunneinucha parkesi PhiWips * (68) Pipilofuscus toroi Moore 8 (69) Pipilo albicollis parvirostris Davis * (70) Aimophila carpalis cohaerens Moore X (71) Aimophila carpalis distinguenda Phillips * (72) Aimophila rufescens newmani Phillips * (73) Aimophila ruficeps pallidissima Phillips X (74) Spizella passerina atremaeus Moore Holotype: MLZ 36629, female adult, 20 April 1943, C. C. Lamb. Paratype: MLZ 36630, female, 25 April 1943. Comments: Vaurie (1965: 18) notes that this race was described on the basis of specimens from a region of intergradation between the two forms wagleri and poliocephala. He concludes: “Because I do not consider it good taxonomic prac- tice to name an inconstant population from a zone of secondary integradation, I prefer to synonymize lajuelae with poliocephala, the specimens being on the whole more similar to the latter than to wagleri P We defer to Vaurie’s judgment. Phasianidae (2) Lophortyx gambelii friedmanni Moore Lophortyx gambelii friedmanni Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 60:28, 1947 (Reforma, Sinaloa). Holotype: MLZ 8769, male adult, 13 April 1934, C. C. Lamb. Paratypes: 1 specimens. MLZ 8763-68, 8770. 2 females (8763, 8764), 7 May, ? April; 5 males (8765-8768, 70), 3 May, 7 May, 13 April, 1 May, all 1934. Comments: Using only the comparative material of fulvipectus in the Moore Laboratory (also used by Moore), we suggest that this race be recognized, based upon the characteristics of color of the buff breast patch, shaft streaks of the un- 6 Contributions in Science No. 273 der tail coverts, and color of the back. Differences purported to exist in forehead and nape color are probably not useful, as these features show considerable overlap and variability in specimens of friedmanni and fulvipectus. Meleagrididae (3) Meleagris gallopavo onusta Moore Meleagris gallopavo onusta Moore, Auk 55:112-115, 1938 (2 mi SE of Guayachi, Chihuahua, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 9043, female adult, 12 May 1934, R. T. Moore. Comments: A valid race, but conforming only in part to Moore’s original description. Contra Moore, the series of seven specimens in the Moore Laboratory do not in our opinion have “inner and outer margins of secondaries and primaries less cinnamon, more dull brown and white.” Although Moore did not mention it, we judge onusta to be somewhat darker generally, with less iridescence than merriami. Psittacidae (4) Aratinga canicularis clarae Moore Aratinga canicularis clarae Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 50:101-102, 1937 (El Molino, Sinaloa). Holotype: MLZ 4343, female adult, 3 November 1933, C. C. Lamb. Paratypes: 5 specimens, 4339-40, 42, 44; 17338. 4 females (4339, 40, 44, 38), 2 Nov., 30 Oct., 23 Oct., 1933, 7 Nov. 1936; 1 male (42), 17 Nov. 1933. Comments: A well-marked race conforming precisely to Moore’s original description. (5) Rhynchopsitta terrisi Moore Rhynchopsitta terrisi Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 60:27, 1947 (Mt. Potosi, Nuevo Leon, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 42495, female adult, 8 July 1946, C. C. Lamb. Paratype: MLZ 42497, female, 8 July 1946. Comments: Although one of us (Hardy and Dickerman 1955) denied specific status to this form, later Hardy (1967) concluded that because parrots seem es- pecially responsive to external morphological differences (thereby increasing their importance as isolating mechanisms), R. terrisi should on hypothetical grounds be retained as a good species. (6) Amazona fmschi woodi Moore Amazona fmschi woodi Moore, Auk 54:528-529, 1937 (Guirocoba, Sonora, Mexico). 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 7 Hoiotype: MLZ 4332, male adult, 6 May 1931, J. T. Wright. Paratype: MLZ 4333, female, 6 May 1931. Comments: We believe that Moore’s description of woodi as a form distinct from A.f. fmschi is accurate in all respects. Cuculidae (7) Geococcyx velox melanchima Moore Geococcyx velox melanchima Moore, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 7(39), 31 May 1934 (Guirocoba, Sonora, Mexico). Hoiotype: MLZ 4239, male adult, 25 March 1931, J. T. Wright Comments: MLZ specimens of melanchima are differentiable from National Museum of Natural History and MLZ specimens of velox in all respects described by Moore except that the colors of the upperparts in both races show much overlap and individual variation. Strigidae (8) Otus asio sortilegus Moore Otus asio sortilegus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 54: 155, 1941, (3 mi N of Atoyac, Jalisco, Mexico). Hoiotype: MLZ 17038, female adult, 25 Feb. 1940, C. C. Lamb. Paratype: MLZ 17131, male, 26 Feb. 1940. Comments: Marshall considers sortilegus to be a synonym of O. a. suttoni. (9) Otus asio suttoni Moore Otus asio suttoni Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 54; 1 54, 1941 (Portezuelo, Hidalgo, Mexico). Hoiotype: MLZ 27962, female adult, 19 Dec. 1940, C. C. Lamb. Comments: Considered a distinct subspecies by Marshall (1967). (10) Otus asio sinaloensis Moore Otus asio sinaloensis Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 50:64-65, 1937 (Guamuchil, NW Sinaloa, Mexico). Hoiotype: MLZ 7332, male adult, 19 March 1934, C. C. Lamb. Comments: Marshall (1967) considers this form a synonym of O. a. vinaceus. (11) Otus asio Iambi M oore and Marshall Otus asio Iambi Moore and Marshall, Condor 61:224-225, 1949 (Rancho Las Animas, 2 mi W of Nejapa, Oaxaca, Mexico). Hoiotype: MLZ 54407, male adult, 27 Sept. 1952, C. C. Lamb. 8 Contributions in Science No. 273 Comments: Marshall recognizes this form as valid. (12) Otus asio seductus Moore Otus asio seductus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 54: 156-159, 1941 (5 mi NE of Apatzingan, Michoacan, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 25468, male adult, 5 Feb. 1940, C. C. Lamb. Comments: Marshall (1967) accepts seductus as a valid subspecies. ( 1 3) Otus cooped chiapensis M oore Otus cooped chiapensis Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 60:31-33, 1947 (Mazatan, Chiapas, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 37469, male, 31 June 1943, M. del Toro Aviles. Paratype: MLZ 36913, female, 26 June 1943. Comments: A synonym of O. a. cooped, according to Marshall (1967). ( 14) Otus tdchopsis pumilus Moore Otus tdchopsis pumilus Moore, Auk 56:47-48, 1939 (Cerro Cantoral, Hon- duras). Holotype: MLZ 15582, male adult, 2 Sept. 1934, C. F. Underwood. Comments: Marshall (1967) regards this race as a synonym of O. t. mesamedcanus. (15) Otus guatemalae tomlini M oore Otus guatemalae tomlini Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 50:63-68, 1937 (La Guasimas, NE Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 8189, male adult, 26 June 1933, J. T. Wright. Comments: Marshall (1967) considers tomlini a synonym of O.g. hastatus. (16) Otus guatemalae fuscus Moore and Peters Otus guatemalae fuscus Moore and Peters, Auk 56:52, 1939 (Motzorongo, Veracruz, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 10272, male adult, Sept. 1932, M. del Toro Aviles Paratype: MLZ 10271, female. Sept. 1932. Comments: Marshall (1967) considers fuscus to be a synonym of O. g. guatemalae. (17) Glaucidium minutissimum oberholseri Moore Glaucidium minutissimum oberholseri Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 50:105- 106, 1937 (Vado Hondo, central Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 17902, male adult, 3 April 1937, C. C. Lamb. 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 9 Comments: On the basis of materials in MLZ oberholseri appears to be a recognizable race that possesses the characters described by Moore. Buchanan (1964), however, regards this race as dubiously distinct from G. m. griscomi. We urge careful attention to Buchanan’s paper when dealing with all Mexican races of this species. (18) Glaucidium minutissimum griscomi Moore Glaucidium minutissimum griscomi Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 60:33-35, 1947 (El Rancho Protero [sic, “Potrero?] de los Indios, 12 mi S of Zirandero, Guerrero, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 28814, male adult, 31 May 1941, C. C. Lamb. Paratypes: MLZ 28813, female, 31 May 1941; MLZ 28815, male, 25 May 1941. Comments: The distinguishing characteristics that Moore ascribed to griscomi are evident in MLZ specimens, but see Buchanan (1964) and our remarks under G. m. oberholseri above. (19) Glaucidium minutissimum occultum Moore Glaucidium minutissimum occultum Moore. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 60:144- 145, 1947 (Moctum, Oaxaca, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 33803, female, 10 Sept. 1941, M. del Toro Aviles. Comments: Said to be an especially well-marked race by Friedmann, Griscom and Moore (1950). MLZ has two specimens of occultum, none of rarum of Panama, to which Moore said it is most similar. Buchanan (1964) confirms Friedmann’s view, based on the type specimen, but regards as “unassignable” the other specimen labelled as occultum in MLZ. (20) Asio stygius Iambi Moore Asio stygius Iambi Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 50: 103-106, 1937 (Babizos, NE Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 15288, male adult, 3 Dec. 1935, C. C. Lamb. Comments: MLZ specimens of Iambi show the characters Moore ascribed to this race. {2\) Aegolius ridgwayi tacanensis Moore Aegolius ridgwayi tacanensis Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 60: 141-143, 1947 (Volcan Tacana, Chiapas, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 37459, male adult, 14 April 1943, M. del Toro Aviles. Comments: Known only from the type. The MLZ has no specimens referable io A. r. rostratus also known only from its type, said by Moore to be closest to tacanensis. After reading Moore’s “remarks” (1947:142) we doubt that further comparison of the two types would clarify matters. More specimens are needed for study. 10 Contributions in Science No. 273 Nyctibiidae (22) Nyctibius griseus Iambi Davis Nyctibius griseus Iambi Davis, Condor 61:300, 1959 (Lajuela, Colima, Mex- ico). Holotype: MLZ 36607, male, 1 1 April 1943, C. C. Lamb. Comments: By a statistical test (“significance of the difference of two means,” Croxton et al. 1967), we found the difference between the mean tail lengths of 13 mexicanus (mean: 210 mm; 200-216) and 2 Iambi (mean: 226; 222, 231) to be significant (P= <.005). However, by the same test, we found the dif- ference in mean wing lengths between these mexicanus (mean: 309 mm; 292-319) and Iambi (mean: 318 mm; 315, 321) not significant (P= >.05). Thus, although one character cited by Davis is apparently not useful with the presently available specimens, we uphold the validity of Iambi on the basis of its longer tail. Caprimulgidae (23) Phalaenoptilus nuttallii centralis Moore Phalaenoptilus nuttallii centralis Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 60:146, 1947 (Puerta de Guadalupe, 5 mi W of Ibarra, Guanajuato, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 23428, male, 26 May 1939, C. C. Lamb. Topotype: MLZ 65063, juv., 26 May 1939. Comments: We can see no consistent difference between MLZ specimens of centralis and Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology specimens of P. n. californicus and, therefore, regard centralis as doubtfully distinct. Apodidae (24) Panyptila cayennensis veraecrucis Moore Panyptila cayennensis veraecrucis Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 60:143-144, 1947 (Presidio, Veracruz, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 45544, male, June 1943, A Ramirez. Comments: This race was described on the basis of the type specimen alone, which Moore purchased in a taxidermist’s shop in Mexico City. The specimen is an enigma. The type locality, given orally to Moore at the time of purchase, is far north of the known range of P. cayennensis. No other specimens of veraecrucis have since been collected. Measurements of 23 P. c. cayennensis specimens from Nicaragua, the Panama Canal Zone, French Guiana, Ecuador, and Brazil are: mean wing length, 1 19.8 mm (range, 1 1 1.0-124.7); mean tail length, 53.9 mm (range, 48.1-61.0). The wing of the unique type measures 126.8, not significantly longer (by test of significance of difference of two means, Croxton et al. 1967) at P= >0.05; the tail length of 63.0 mm is significantly greater at P= <0.02. No distortion of limb ele- 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 11 ments from taxidermic preparation is visible in x-rays (on file at MLZ). No con- sistent differences in plumage can be discerned between the type and the specimens from Central and South America. We are equivocal about the validity of this race. Clearly more specimens of it are needed. Trochilidae (25) Lophornis delattrei brachylopha Moore Lophornis delattrei brachylopha Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 62:103, 1949 (San Vicente de Benitez, Guerrero, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 46062, male, 9 May 1947, C. C. Lamb. Paratype: MLZ 46069, male, 9 May 1947. Comments: We compared the only two known specimens of L. d. brachylopha, both males, to a specimen of an adult male of L. d. lessoni in good plumage in the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. L. d. brachylopha appears from this comparison to be a well-differentiated race based on color of bill, terminal rectrix pattern, color of abdominal feathers, and size, as noted by Moore. The alleged shorter crest of brachylopha is entirely a result of wear, and other features Moore noted could well be artifacts of the preparation of the skin. (26) Cynanthus latirostris propinquus Moore Cynanthus latirostris propinquus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 52:57-60, 1939 (5 mi NE Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 22386, 9 Jan. 1939, C. C. Lamb. Topotypes: 2 males. Also 23 males, 10 females from within 5 miles of type locality. Comments: After examination of MLZ specimens, we agree that propinquus has the characteristics Moore described. (27) Amazilia beryllina lichtensteini Moore Amazilia beryllina lichtensteini Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 63:60, 1950 (Cerro Brujo, Ocozocuantla, Chiapas, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 27335, male, 2 July 1940, M. del Toro Aviles. Topotypes: 50 males, 39 females, June-August, 1940. Comments: MLZ specimens are consistent with Moore’s description of lichtensteini. (2^) At this heloisa margarethae Moore Atthis heloisa margarethae Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 50:95-102, 1937 (Rancho Batel, 5 mi N of Santa Lucia, SE Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 12432, male adult, 14 Nov. 1934, C. C. Lamb. 12 Contributions in Science No. 273 Paratypes: MLZ 12433, male, 14 Nov. 1934; MLZ 12431, male, 10 Nov. 1934; (MLZ 15234, male, 6 mi E of Rancho Batel, 13 April 1936). Comments: We compared nine fall and late summer male margarethae from Zitacuaro, Michoacan and Rancho Batel, Sinaloa, including the type of margarethae, with eight fall male A. h. heloisa from Moctum, Oaxaca. A. h. heloisa was said by Moore to be closest to margarethae. A. h. margarethae did not have the lower throat and abdomen whiter, the buff of the sides more restricted, the metallic throat patch darker, or the back greener, as Moore claimed, but our only two margarethae agree with Moore’s description in having somewhat whiter outer rectrix tips than do four female heloisa. We did not locate other specimens of this rare form to determine the consistency of this one character dif- ference and thus regard margarethae as of equivocal status. (29) Chaetocercus cleavesi Moore Chaetocercus cleavesi Moore, Condor 36:3-6, 1934 (Cuyuja-Oriente, Ecuador). Holotype: MLZ 7014, male, 19 June 1928, Olalla and sons. Paratypes: MLZ 7023, male, 20 June 1928, MLZ 7019, female, 19 June 1928. Comments: Peters (1945) transfers Chaetocercus heliodor to Acestrura and regards Chaetocercus cleavesi as a race of Acestrura heliodor. A comparison of MLZ specimens of four adult male^J. h. heliodor and two adult male^^. h. cleavesi does not uphold Moore’s contention that cleavesi is consistently different from heliodor. Differences in color of gorget and width of central rectrices are probably valid characters, and sufficient to allow recognition of cleavesi as a race of heliodor. Momotidae (30) Momotus mexicanus vanrossemi Moore Momotus mexicanus vanrossemi Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 45:109-112, 1932 (Chinobampo, Sonora, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 7009, male, 28 Feb. 1931, J. T. Wright. Paratypes: MLZ 7006, female, 12 March 1931, MLZ 7002, male, 12 March 1931. Comments: MLZ vanrossemi specimens are distinct from M. m. mexicanus in the following ways, as originally described by Moore: back more yellowish olive, tail above greener, chest and breast more Ecru-01ive\ but we do not see the described differences in size of the “spatules,” nor the greater “buffiness” in ab- domen and under-tail coverts, supposedly characteristic of vanrossemi. ‘‘Color given in Ridgway ( 1912). 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 13 Picidae (31) Centurus chrysogenys morelensis (Moore) Melanerpes chrysogenys morelensis Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 63:109- 1 10, 1950 (3 mi S of Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 44726, male, 30 Oct. 1946, C. C. Lamb. Comments: Compared to C c. JIavinuchus, which race Moore said is nearest to morelensis, MLZ specimens differ in all respects given by him. (32) Dendrocopos stricklandi aztecusMooxQ Dendrocopos stricklandi aztecus^ Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 59: 104, 1946 (Puerta Lengua de Vaca, on boundary between Michoacan and Mexico, 15 mi E ofZitacuaro, Michoacan). Holotype: MLZ 30697, male, 17 Oct. 1941, C. C. Lamb. Paratypes: MLZ 30696, female, 25 Oct.; MLZ 30694, male, 27 Oct.; MLZ 30695, female, 28 Oct.; MLZ 30693, female, 22 Oct.; all 1941. Comments: MLZ specimens differ from D. s. stricklandi as Moore stated. (33) Phloeoceastes guatemalensis dorsofasciatus Moore Phloeoceastes guatemalensis dorsofasciatus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 48: 111-1 14, 1935 (Guirocoba, Sonora, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 5430, male, 7 Feb. 1932, J. T. Wright. Paratypes: MLZ 5434, female, 10 Feb. 1932, MLZ 5435, female, 7 Feb. 1932. Comments: MLZ and Museum of Comparative Zoology specimens support Moore’s claim that the black head plumes of {tmdAQ dorsofasciatus average longer than the red head plumes, whereas the black plumes of regius average shorter than the red plumes. Again, in comparison to regius, MLZ specimens of dor- sofasciatus have the lower throat and breast slightly darker, as Moore stated. We cannot see the differences in barring of the underparts Moore mentioned. Our examination confirms, on the whole, the distinctness of dorsofasciatus compared to regius, which Moore stated to be closest to dorsofasciatus. Dendrocolaptidae (34) Lepidocolaptes leucogaster umbrosus Moore Lepidocolaptes leucogaster umbrosus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 47:87- 90, 1934 (Between Guirocoba and San Jose, Sonora, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 7040, adult male, 15 May 1933, R. T. Moore. Paratype: MLZ 7043, female, 15 May 1933. ^See Davis (1965) who redefines stricklandi to include arizonae. 14 Contributions in Science No. 273 Comments: On the basis of examination of MLZ specimens, we believe that Moore’s description of umbrosus as a race distinct from L. 1. leucogaster is ac- curate in all respects. Tyrannidae (35) Megarhynchus pitangua tardiusculus Moore Megarhynchus pitangua tardiusculus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 54:35-37, 1941 (Rancho Santa Barbara, 20 mi NE of Rosario, Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 12726, male, 23 Dec. 1934, C. C. Lamb. Paratypes: MLZ 12724, male; MLZ 12725, female, both 12 Dec. 1934. Comments: MLZ specimens confirm that tardiusculus is a valid race. (36) Empidonax difficilis culiacani Moore Empidonax difficilis culiacani Moore, Auk 57:370-371, 1940 (Cualiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 8901, male, 31 May 1934, C. C. Lamb. Paratypes: MLZ 17433, male, 28 Dec. 1936; MLZ 6854, male, 3 Dec. 1933. Topotypes: MLZ 14848, male, 7 March 1936; MLZ 6840, male, 1 1 Nov. 1933. Comments: Moore calls these “migrant intergrades, difficilis x culiacani.'' For this form and all congeners, we have chosen to make no taxonomic judg- ments and have not in fact made any comparisons of specimens. We judge the Empidonax problem to be too complex for anyone but devoted experts on the genus. (37) Empidonax difficilis immodulatus Moore Empidonax difficilis immodulatus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 53:24-25, 1940 (East side Mt Mohinora, SW Chihuahua, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 18472, female, 12 May 1937, R. T. Moore. (38) Empidonax difficilis bateli Moore Empidonax difficilis bateli .Mooxq, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 53:25-26, 1940 (Rancho Batel, 6 mi N of Santa Lucia, SE Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 20639, female, 4 June 1938, R. T. Moore. Paratype: MLZ 20640, male, 22 May 1938. Topotypes: MLZ 15251, male, 15 April 1936; MLZ 14851, female, 2 April 1936. (39) Empidonax difficilis immemoratus Moore Empidonax difficilis immemoratus Moore, Auk 57:375-376, 1940 (5 mi N of Jalapa, Veracruz, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 23000, male, 23 March 1939, C. C. Lamb. 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 15 Paratypes: MLZ 22999, male, 21 March 1939; MLZ 23001, male, 13 March 1939; MLZ 23003, male, 15 March 1939. (40) Empidonax difficilis seclusus Moore Empidonax difficilis seclusus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 53:26-29 (Mon- tana El Chorro, Ocotepeque, NW Honduras). Holotype: MLZ 16907, male, 30 June 1936, C. F. Underwood. Paratypes:ULZ 16707, female, 24 June 1936; MLZ 17036, male, 9 July 1936. (41) Empidonax albigulahs subtilis Moore Empidonax albigularis subtilis Moore, Auk 57:381-382, 1940 (Ahome, Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 6843, male, 22 Aug. 1933, C. C. Lamb. Corvidae (42) Cyanocorax dickeyi M oore Cyanocorax dickeyi Moore, Auk 52:274-277, 1935 (Rancho Batel, 5 mi NE of Santa Lucia, Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 12342, male, 7 Nov. 1934, C. C. Lamb. Topotypes: Eight adults, 1 juvenile male; 12 adult females; 2 nestlings. Comments: A distinctive relict species, whose closest relative seems to be C. mystacalis of Peru and Ecuador. (43) Cyanocitta stelleri teotepecensis Moore Cyanocitta stelleri teotepecensis Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 67:236, 1954 (Mt. Teotepec, Sierra Madre del Sur, Guerrero, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 45899, male, 26 May 1947, C. C. Lamb. Topotypes: Four males, 8 females. Moore gives no precise list of specimens ex- amined in describing teotepecensis, but these specimens collected in May and June 1937 presumably figured into Moore’s considerations. Comments: The distinguishing characteristics that Moore ascribed to teotepecensis are evident in MLZ specimens. (44) Aphelocoma unicolor oaxacae Pitelka Aphelocoma unicolor oaxacae Pitelka, Condor 48:44-45, 1946 (Moctum, Oaxaca, Mexico). Holotype: M LZ 39 1 2 1 , female, 1 8 Oct. 1 94 1 , M . del T oro Aviles. Topotypes: Fifteen males, 1 female. Comments: Measurement of an additional 36 MLZ specimens confirms the validity of this race (Pitelka 1951). 16 Contributions in Science No. 273 Troglodytidae (45) Cistothorus platensis tinnulus Moore Cistothorus platensis tinnulus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 54:40, 1941 (Rancho La Cofradia, 4 mi E of Uruapan, Michoacan, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 23743, male, 2 July 1939, C. C. Lamb. Comments: The holotype of tinnulus differs from the few MLZ specimens of C. p. elegans in the characters stated by Moore. We were unable to locate two other specimens of tinnulus said to exist (Miller et al. 1957: 147). (46) Salpinctes obsoletus sollicitus Moore Salpinctes obsoletus sollicitus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 54:40-42, 1941 (Juncana, Comitan, Chiapas, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 20996, female, 15 Sept. 1937, M. del Toro Aviles. Paratype: MLZ 20995, female, 17 Sept. 1937. Comments: Examination of MLZ specimens confirms Moore’s original description of sollicitus, but unpublished research by Brodkorb (personal com- munication) suggests that the nature of geographic variation in this wren may not be well served by recognition of sollicitus, which he regards as a synonym of neglectus Nelson. According to Brodkorb’s examination of a large series of specimens from interior Chiapas, individual variation from single localities ex- ceeds that alleged to exist between subspecies. Mimidae (47) Toxostoma curvirostre celsum Moore Toxostoma curvirostre celsum Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 54:212-216, 1941 (Laguna Juanota, Chihuahua, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 19190, female, 5 August 1937, C. C. Lamb. Paratypes: MLZ 19189, female, 2 August; MLZ 19184, female, 4 August; both 1937. Comments: Examination .of MLZ specimens contradicts some of Moore’s remarks regarding the characteristics of this subspecies. When compared with T. c. curvirostre, specimens of celsum do not have upper parts darker, tips of rectrices whiter, or abdomen huffier. The breast-spots in celsum are more “confluent” than those in curvirostre, as Moore noted. In comparison to T. c. oberholseri, celsum does not have the abdomen huf- fier, though celsum does differ in having spots on upper abdomen larger as Moore stated. Although celsum is distinguishable in fewer ways than originally claimed, we judge it to be a valid race. (48) Toxostoma dorsale dumosum Moore Toxostoma dorsale dumosum Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 54:149, 1941 (Portezuelo, Hidalgo, Mexico). 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 17 Holotype: MLZ 27917, female, 17 Dec. 1940, C. C. Lamb. Topotypes: MLZ 32434, male, 12 April; MLZ 32432, female, 3 April; MLZ 32433, male, 12 April. All 1942. Comments: T. dorsale dumosum was described from the holotype only. MLZ specimens from the type locality, collected since 1941, confirm Moore’s descrip- tion of this subspecies. Turdidae (49) Turdus assimilis calliphthongus Moore Turdus assimilis calliphthongus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 50:204-205, 1937 (Baromican, near Sonora — Chihuahua boundary line, E of Guirocoba, Sonora, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 8205, male, 16 May 1933, R. T. Moore. Topotypes: MLZ 8200, male, 20 May 1933; MLZ 8201, female, 19 May 1933. Comments: We see no consistent differences between MLZ specimens of cal- liphthongus and T. a. renominatus, the race Moore said is closest to calliphthongus. (50) Catharus frantzii confusus Phillips Catharus frantzii confusus Phillips, Auk 86:605, 1969 (5 mi W of Huauchinango, NE Puebla, Mexico). Lectotype: MLZ 49116, male, 8 April 1949, C. C. Lamb. MLZ 49771, male, 8 April 1949; MLZ 49789, male, 4 April 1949. Topotypes: MLZ 39787, male, 8 April 1949; MLZ 49781, female, 3 April 1949. Comments: MLZ 49776, MLZ 49771, and MLZ 49789 were originally designated cotypes by Phillips. We here select specimen MLZ 49776 as the lec- totype. We cannot see in MLZ specimens the color differences that Phillips says dis- tinguish confusus from C.f nelsoni. (51) Catharus aurantiirostris aenopennis Moore Catharus aurantiirostris aenopennis Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 50:96-98, 1937 (Arroyo Hondo, Chihuahua, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 9226, male, 29 May 1934, R. T. Moore. Comments: MLZ specimens confirm Moore’s original description of aenopennis. (52) Myadestes townsendi calophonus Moore Myadestes townsendi calophonus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 50:201-203, 1937 (Upper end of Trogon Valley, within 1000 ft of summit of Mt Mohinora, SW Chihuahua, Mexico). 18 Contributions in Science No. 273 Holotype: MLZ 18452, male, 18 May 1934, R. T. Moore. Comments: As described by Moore, calophonus is consistently darker than townsendi, dorsally, ventrally, and on the remiges. (53) Sialia rnexicana amabile Moore Sialia rnexicana amabile Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 52:125-127, 1939 (Nievero, 4 mi W of Ciudad Durango, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 20491, male, 27 March 1938, C. C. Lamb. Comments: Subspecific characters Moore compared to the same features of S. m. bairdi (in the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County) appear valid. Ptilogonatidae (54) Ptilogonys cine reus otofuscus Moore Ptilogonys cinereus otofuscus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 48:112-113, 1935 (Arroyo Hondo, Chihuahua, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 9220, male, 27 May 1934, R. T. Moore. Comments: Compared with cinereus, the auriculars, though highly variable, generally are somewhat darker in otofuscus. Compared with unworn cinereus, otofuscus does not have lower throat and breast darker. This race is doubtfully distinct in our opinion. Vireonidae (55) Vireo pallens palusterMooTQ Vireo pallens paluster Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 51:69-70, 1938 (Las Tunas Island, NW Sinaloa). Holotype: MLZ 8445, male, 9 May 1934, C. C. Lamb. Topotypes: MLZ 20643, male; MLZ 20642, male; both 13 May 1938. MLZ 8444, female, 10 April 1934. Comments: V. p. paluster in our view is not distinguishable from V. p. ochraceus in coloration as alleged by Moore, based on our comparison of the type and three additional specimens of paluster with five specimens of ochraceus in the Dickey Collection (UCLA). A statistical comparison (significance of difference between two means, Croxton et al. 1967) of bill length of those male paluster and nine male ochraceus revealed no difference (P= >0.05), but the same test of these specimens indicated paluster to have a significantly deeper bill (P=<0.01). Thus only in bill depth did we find evidence of the subspecific distinctiveness of paluster. We consider this to be insufficient basis to uphold the validity of paluster. 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 19 Parulidae (56) Vermivora superciliosa sodalis Moore Vermivora superciliosa sodalis Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 54:37-40, 1941 (between Chiricahui and Churo, SW Chihuahua, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 9048, male, 14 May 1934, R. T. Moore Comments: We can see no consistent difference between MLZ specimens of sodalis and V. s. mexicana. (57) Geothlypis nelsoni karlenae Moore Geothlvpis nelsoni karlenae Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 59:99, 1946 (Totontepec, Mt. Zempoaltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 38391, male, 21 April 1942, M. del Toro Aviles. Paratypes: MLZ 38392, male, 12 April; MLZ 38390, male, 1 1 May; MLZ 38393, female, 15 April. All 1942. Comments: After examination of MLZ specimens, we believe that Moore’s description of karlenae is accurate and that the race is valid. (58) Ergaticus ruber malanauris Moore Ergaticus ruber malanauris Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 50:100-101, 1937 (Trogon Valley, E slope of Mt Mohinora, SW Chihuahua, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 18437, male, 12 May 1934, R. T. Moore Topotypes: MLZ 18435, male, 12 May 1937; MLZ 18438, female, 16 May 1937. Comments: MLZ specimens confirm the validity of this well-marked race. (59) Basileuterus belli bateli Moore Basileuterus belli bateli Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 59:100-102, 1946 (Rancho Batel, 6 mi N of Santa Lucia, Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 20647, male, 28 May 1938, C. C. Lamb. Comments: This subspecies is of doubtful validity. We find a series of bateli males in MLZ indistinguishable from a comparable series of clarus on color character differences alleged to exist by Moore. Most of these specimens are not in fresh plumage and the few in fresh plumage reveal virtually no further dis- tinctness. In the two least worn specimens of the respective forms, there is a sug- gestion of slightly darker auriculars in bateli. We judge this slight difference insuf- ficient grounds for recognizing this race designation. Thraupidae (60) Buthraupis eximis cyanocalyptra Moore Buthraupis eximia cyanocalyptra Moore, Amer. Mus. Nov. 715, 20 April 1934 (San Luis, Sangay, Ecuador). 20 Contributions in Science No. 273 Holotype: MLZ 7027, male, 8 July 1932, T. Mena. Topotypes :MLZ 7030, male, 12 July 1932; MLZ 7039, female, 12 July 1932. Comments: We see no consistent differences between nine MLZ specimens of cyanocalyptra and three Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, specimens of B. e. chloronota, the race Moore said was closest to cyanocalyptra. (61) Tephrophilus wet morel Moore Tephrophilus wetmorei Moore, Auk 51:1-7, 1934 (SE end of Culebrillas Val- ley, NW of Mt Sangay, Ecuador). Holotype: MLZ 7010, male, 8 Aug. 1929, R. T. Moore. Paratype: MLZ 7011, female, 8 Aug. 1929. Comments: We concur with Meyer de Schauensee’s (1966) decision to syn- onymize Tephrophilus in Buthraupis. Fringillidae (62) Carpodacus mexicanus solitudinus Moore Carpodacus mexicanus solitudinus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 52:107- 109, 1939 (Fallon, Nevada). Holotype: MLZ 22858, male, 3 April 1939, Ray Alcorn and R. T. Moore. Comments: Miller et al. (1957) regard solitudinus as a synonym of C. m. fron- talis in accord with the A.O.U. checklist committee; we concur. (63) Carpodacus mexicanus rhodopnusM.oovQ Carpodacus mexicanus rhodopnus Moore, Condor 38:203-208, 1936 (El Molino, 25 mi SW of Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 9413, male, 26 May 1934, C. C. Lamb Topotypes: MLZ 9412, male, 26 May; MLZ 9424, female, 26 May: MLZ 9423, female, 26 May; MLZ 6143, female, 24 Feb.; MLZ 6140, male, 23 Feb. All 1934. MLZ 14223, female, 13 Feb.; MLZ 15206, male, 8 Feb.; MLZ 15207, male, 10 Feb.; MLZ 17200, male, 12 Nov.; MLZ 17205, male, 12 Nov. All 1936. Comments: Examination of MLZ specimens corroborates Moore’s descrip- tion of rhodopnus. (64) Carpodacus mexicanus altitudinis Moore Carpodacus mexicanus altitudinis Moore, Condor 41:197, 1939 (San Feliz, Chihuahua, Mexico, on Chihuahua-Sinaloa state line, due east of Tepetuco, Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 18503, male, 20 Aug. 1936, C. C. Lamb. 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 21 Topotypes: MLZ 18504, male, 19 Aug.; MLZ 16031, male, 20 Aug.; MLZ 16030, male, 18 Aug.; MLZ 16033, female, 20 Aug.; MLZ 16034, female, 18 Aug.; MLZ 16032, female, 26 Aug.; MLZ 16034, female, 19 Aug.; MLZ 18505, female, 19 Aug. All 1936. Comments: Study of MLZ specimens confirms Moore’s description of altitudinis. (65) Carpodacus mexicanus griscomi Moore Carpodacus mexicanus griscomi Moore, Condor 41:202-203, 1939 (Amo- jileca, Guerrero, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 22868, male, 5 April 1937, W. W. Brown. Topotypes: MLZ 23399, male, 1 Apr.; MLZ 23400, male, 7 Apr.; MLZ 23401, male, 15 Apr.; MLZ 23402, male, 12 Apr.; MLZ 22869, male, 15 Apr.; MLZ 22872, male, 7 Apr.; MLZ 22873, male, 12 Apr.; MLZ 22870, female, 9 Apr.; MLZ 22871, female, 9 Apr.; MLZ 23403, female, 7 Apr. All in 1937. Comments: Our comparison of MLZ specimens tends to confirm the ac- curacy of Moore’s description of griscomi. (66) Atlapetes virenticeps verecundus (Moore) Buarremon virenticeps verecundus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 51:70-71, 1938 (Rancho Batel, 5 mi N of Santa Lucia, Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 12382, male, 15 Nov. 1934, C. C. Lamb. Paratype: MLZ 12381, female, 15Nov. 1934. Comments: Moore stated that verecundus had much more extensive gray on the underparts than nominate virenticeps. We recognize the tendency, but in a series of 12 virenticeps we found 4 birds that fit well within the series of 4 verecundus in this regard, plus others that bridged the gap. Moore alleged that verecundus is smaller than virenticeps, especially the bill. The type of verecundus has the exposed culmen measurement of 14.3 mm, shorter than the culmen of the 12 males of virenticeps in our series. Culmens of the remaining 3 verecundus in our series are over 16 mm, larger than any of the 12 in the series of virenticeps. Moore’s statement that verecundus has the tail relatively shorter (about equal to wing) than virenticeps (long tail to wing ratio), is not borne out by our measure- ments of the same birds as above. These ratios show wide overlap. We do not recognize verecundus as a valid form. (67) Atlapetes brunneinucha parkesi Phillips Atlapetes brunneinucha parkesi Phillips, Bull. B.O.C. 86:153, 1966 (La Gloria, 10 mi SW of Presidio, Veracruz, Mexico). MLZ 33136, male, 15 July 1942, C. C. Lamb. Paralectotypes: MLZ 33154, male, 2 July 1942; MLZ 33158, male, 2 July 1942. 22 Contributions in Science No. 273 Topotypes: 5 males, 6 females, all July 1942. Comments: MLZ 33154, MLZ 33136, and MLZ 33158 were designated cotypes by Phillips. Examination of MLZ specimens affirms the validity of this race, but not the value of all characters mentioned by Phillips. K. C. Parkes after whom the subspecies was named has undertaken an independent study of it and in a letter to J.W.H. has this to say: “I found that the crown color, color of bend of wing, and flank color invoked by Phillips are too variable within this species to be useful as taxonomic characters. Although back color is usually also highly variable, the series of parkesi do seem to be darker green. The best character dif- ferentiating parkesi from brunneinucha was overlooked by Phillips; it has brown — even reddish chocolate brown in some specimens — under tail coverts, whereas these are grayish to greenish in brunneinucha.” (68) Pipilo fuscus toroi Moore Pipilo fuscus toroi Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 55:46, 1942 (Tepeaca, Puebla, corrected type locality replacing Mitla, Oaxaca, Mexico; see below for explanation). Holotype: MLZ 30927, male, 8 Jan. 1942, M. del Toro Aviles. Possible Topotypes: These specimens were collected by M. del Toro Aviles and labeled “Mitla, Oaxaca,” so they may also be from Tepeaca, Puebla. MLZ 32696, male, 1 1 Jan.; MLZ 35035, male, 7 Jan.; MLZ 35037, male, 8 Jan. All 1943. Comments: The above type locality is in error according to a letter from Mario del Toro Aviles to Joe T. Marshall, dated 18 June 1964. A copy of this let- ter is on file in the Moore Laboratory; translation of salient portions follows: “By a lamentable error, the specimens of Pipilo fuscus toroi in the Moore Collection were mistakenly labeled with the locality of Mitla, Oaxaca. Precise habitat of the mentioned race extends over the arid zone of Tepeaca, Puebla, where said specimens were taken, and also surely those of Tehuaca, Puebla are of the same race, because there exists no barrier that would allow the existence of another subspecies.” We thus declare the type locality of P. f toroi to be Tepeaca, Puebla. This locality is fortunately within the known range of toroi and, therefore, no com- plications result from the error. MLZ does contain two specimens of P. fuscus from Tamazulapan, Oaxaca collected by Lamb (MLZ 38215, 38218). We have not studied their racial identity. We accept Davis’ (1954a) support of the validity of P.f toroi. (69) Pipilo albicollis parvirostris Davis Pipilo rutilus parvirostris Davis, Univ. Calif. Publ. Zoo!. 52:81, 1951 (Mt Zempoaltepec, Moctum, Oaxaca, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 31 121, male, 9 Sept. 1941, M. del T oro Aviles. Topotypes: 21 males, 8 females. Sept. -Dec. 1941. 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 23 Comments: See Davis’ (1954b) reservations about the validity of this race. (70) Aimophila carpalis cohaerens Moore Aimophila carpalis cohaerens Moore, Condor 48:121, 1946 (Elota, Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 18157, male, 25 March 1937, C. C. Lamb. Topotypes: MLZ 18159, female, 25 March 1937; MLZ 18160, male, 24 March 1937. Comments: See comments under /I. c. distinguenda. (71) Aimophila carpalis distinguenda Phillips Aimophila carpalis distinguenda Phillips, Bull. B. O. C. 86: 159, 1966 (Los Leones, Sinaloa, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 11626, male, 30 March 1934, J. T. Wright. Comments: Phillips has here redescribed and renamed A. c. bangsi Moore (type in Dickey Collection, Univ. Calif., Los Angeles) A. c. distinguenda, using color in addition to size characteristics employed by Moore, and designating a new type. Phillips deemed this necessary because the original type of bangsi was in worn plumage and did not show color characteristics claimed by Phillips. Nomenclatural experts may question the need for renaming, but to us the ques- tion is academic for we cannot see any consistent difference between MLZ specimens of distinguenda and those of A. c. cohaerens. (72) Aimophila rufescens newmani Phillips Aimophila rufescens newmani Phillips, Bull. B. O. C. 86: 158, 1966 ( 16 mi E of Ciudad del Maiz, San Luis Potosi, Mexico). Lectotype: MLZ 38584, male, 1 Oct. 1943, C. C. Lamb Topotypes: MLZ 38560, male, 3 Oct. 1943; MLZ 38571, male, 4 Oct. 1943; MLZ 38581, female, 7 Oct. 1943. Comments: Phillips originally designated MLZ 38584 and MLZ 38560 as cotypes. MLZ specimens of newmani conform to Phillips’ description. (73) Aimophila ruficeps pallidissima Phillips Aimophila ruficeps pallidissima Phillips, Bull. B. O. C. 86: 156, 1966 (Cuesta Blanca, 12 mi W of Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico). Lectotype: MLZ 38727, male, 23 Sept. 1943, C. C. Lamb. Topotypes: MLZ 38726, male, 26 Sept.; MLZ 38628, male, 25 Sept.; MLZ 38722, male, 24 Sept.; MLZ 38758, male, 27 Sept.; MLZ 38576, female, 23 Sept.; MLZ 38621, female, 24 Sept.; MLZ 38745, female, 25 Sept.; MLZ 38734, female, 26 Sept. All 1943. Comments: MLZ specimens of pallidissima conform to Phillips’ description. 24 Contributions in Science No. 273 (74) Spizella passerina atremaeus Moore Spizella passerina atremaeus Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 50:203-204, 1937 (near Durango-Chihuahua stateline, Los Frailes, Chihuahua, Mexico). Holotype: MLZ 18596, male, 23 June 1937. Topotypes: MLZ 18595, female, 24 June; MLZ 18594, male, 25 June; MLZ 18597, male, 23 June; MLZ 18601, male, July 1; MLZ 18598, male, 24 June. All 1937. Comments: We find no consistent difference between MLZ specimens of atremaeus and S. p. arizonae, the race Moore considered closest to atremaeus. Resumen Ejemplares tipicos de pajaros en la coleccion del Laboratorio Moore de Zoologia del Occidental College, Los Angeles, California, son reexaminados y la validez de su taxonomia recibe nueva consideracion. Tipos, tal como paratipos: y ciertos ejemplares de las localidades tipicas son identificadas por numeros de catalogo y el campo del material comparativo de las localidades tipicas o sus cer- canias son presentados. Setenta y cuatro formas son presentadas, incluyendo cuatro especies de un solo genero. Tambien hay una nomina filogenica dando las formas examinadas y un mapa con las locaciones aproximadas de cada localidad tipica. Literature Cited Banks, R. C., M. H. Clench and J. C. Barlow. 1973. Bird collections in the United States and Canada. Auk 90; 136-170. Buchanan, O. M. 1964. The Mexican races of the Least Pygmy Owl. Condor 66; 103-112. Croxton, F. E., et. al. 1967. Applied general statistics. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. Davis, J. 1954a. Distribution and variation of the Brown Towhees. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 52:79-80. 1954b. Seasonal changes in bill length. Condor 56: 148. Friedmann, H., L. Griscom and R. T. Moore. 1950. Distributional check-list of the birds of Mexico. Part I. Cooper Ornithological Club, Pacific Coast Avifauna, no. 29. Hardy ; J. W., and R. W. Dickerman. 1955. The taxonomic status of the Maroon-fronted Parrot. Condor 57:305-306. Hardy J. W. 1967. Rhynchopsitta terrisi is probably a valid species: a reassessment. Condor 69:527-528. Marshall, J. T. 1967. Parallel variation in North and Middle American Screech Owls. Western Foundation of Vert. Zool., Mono. no. 1. Meyer de Schauensee, R. 1966. The species of birds of South America and their distribu- tion. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, 477 pp. Miller, A., et al. 1957. Distributional checklist of the birds of Mexico. Part II. Cooper Or- nithological Society, Pacific Coast Avifauna, no. 33. Peters, J. L. 1945. Check-list of the birds of the World. Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, Mass., 5; 140. 1975 Bird Types at Occidental College 25 PiTELKA, F. A. 1951. Speciation and ecologic distribution in the avian genus Aphelocoma. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 50:349. Ridgway, R. 1912. Color standards and nomenclature. Publ. by author, Washington, D.C. Vaurie, C. 1965. Systematic notes on the bird family Cracidae. No. 2. Amer. Mus. Nov. 2222. Accepted for publication January 15, 1974. 1