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VOL. 21 No. 27 July 2, 1971
SB

Q25

C07

E oil,

Cooperative
ECONOMIC INSECT

REPORT

AMT HSOWN/4~

JUL 1 24971
LIBRARIES

Issued by

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 July 2, 1971 Number 27
COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT
HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

ARMY CUTWORM larvae damaged corn in Colorado, sugar beets in North Dakota, and
flax in Minnesota. CORN EARWORM larvae damaged grain sorghum in central and north-
central Texas. (p. 467).

GREENBUG increased on grain sorghum in north-central Texas. (p. 468).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER damage expected in untreated corn in southeast South Dakota.
Expect increase in egg masses and larvae soon in Minnesota. Potential high for
serious infestations on early sweet corn in Wisconsin. Damage levels increasing
on Eastern Shore of Maryland. (pp. 468-469).

ALFALFA WEEVIL larvae damaged alfalfa in Nevada, Idaho, Wyoming, South Dakota,
and New York. (p. 471).

SPRUCE BUDWORM damage heavy in Pennsylvania and Michigan. JACK PINE BUDWORM
defoliation severe in Wisconsin. LARGE ASPEN TORTRIX defoliation extensive in
Minnesota. (pp. 475-476).

STABLE FLY annoyance severe to cattle in Wisconsin and numbers increasing in
Nebraska. FACE FLY increasing in Illinois and egg laying heavy in Missouri.
(pp. 477-478).

GYPSY MOTH defoliation heavy in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut,
and Vermont. (p. 480).

Detection
A PIOPHILID FLY and a CHAMAEMYIID FLY reported for first time from Hawaii
(p. 481) and an ERIOPHYID MITE from Oregon (p. 474) are new United States
records.

For new county records see page 481.

Reports in this issue are for week ending June 25 unless otherwise indicated.

- 465 -

- 466 -

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional (Siena fil CanGein cc oc/c elelelelaleieleloveleleielclclelelcleieivioleiee/sielerereie Olt
Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........468 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers......472
Small (GradinSicjelcleieveleielelo|elelelelolevelele/e\ eee ntlO) Beans) (and GeCASitc\cis\ cle e')e cl clelerelelehelele ies
Forage! LELUMES s..c\crc« cclelcieiclc clelsicilcloet lO CUCUTDUCSifeferetelelaleielel oleic \elele| cel clelelaverauties
SOYDEANS leis lc aisialelalclsicic/elciciclelcjleic/elsisteleiere SPL General Vegetablesic. << ccccec cise tiic
PECANS! stele ialoleleislalisielcl olelelcliclelcleieleleicles + aael Deciduous Fruits and Nuts........474
COLEON yc cisicleteraicleve.cioleleleieiolsielereielelecietea titel Smal] Must S coyereteteislele ccc ce elelolorstera tito
ILODACCOssi shel ctelorel cvel clots lete) alele!alatveteiatstaletevene titi OLrnamMenCAlsiicic cle cic) e chevelelevorersloveveloleler iii)
SUS ATIBCSHLS icisicleisiclelelele! svete eleie’ cl eleleteliereea ie Forest and Shade TreeS...scecccccee4ID
Miscellaneous Field Crops..........472 Man’ and’ ‘Aniimailisici, occ clele's cel cicieleirn ie

Beneficial’ INSCCUS 6.1 ciclc sfclcle slelelele oleic eisia\c el cleieieic)s) so els/elele\e chetetstetatovcrereieh efetotoneteveton near ine
Federal and State Plant Protectiion Programs:< .<...c..« e1c © ojo/es\eisis/eiele) oslo clsieleralaieteraume)
Hawai InSCCtWREPOL LE. cycleietolete cteteletelelere cv eterelclel cvele evel ele svete! cl etstolene cvevelelereretevetelel helonenene nee balt
ID A=Tet palo} Non OCD OD OOUOOOOOOUO OOO CODUOCOUdOODODOUCDUOUUUDOOOUmOUODDD OOD COD Otel
COLT ECELONS sieve eleic'iele vlclelelelelolieeolavalsclevelele sielelele elles slelevevcvetctete elentierctere eleteloevelctel crave ctenenene cee
Light: Tralp? CoMeetaions:.\.)iorelelolcicgs cele ci evereve cleleve clots chalets aleve eteleve alelels coke, aveleleee eRe Renee

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JUNE 28

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data
Service, NOAA,

HIGHLIGHTS: Afternoon and evening thundershowers produced most of the precipita-
tion. It was the hottest week of the season in parts of the Nation.

PRECIPITATION: Thunderstorms occurred over the Great Plains and the Deep South
early in the week. Hail, high winds, and heavy showers accompanied some of the
thunderstorms. A thunderstorm with winds approaching 60 m.p.h. and hail as large
as golf balls moved across Kansas City, Missouri, late Tuesday afternoon. Other
thunderstorms with hail caused considerable crop damage in the Kansas City
vicinity Tuesday. Most of the thunderstorms occurred in the afternoons and
evenings and became less intense and more scattered in the early mornings. Some
generous thundershowers occurred in the northern Great Plains late in the week.
Weekly totals ranged widely from less than 0.10 inch to several inches. A number
of locations in Texas received 24-hour totals ranging from 4 to 5 inches or more.
Numerous locations in the Southeast received more than 3 inches during the week,
while less than 1 inch fell at nearby stations. A large area from southern
Wyoming to southern California and Arizona received no rain or only widely
scattered light sprinkles.

TEMPERATURE: Most of the Nation averaged warmer than normal last week. A large
area from Nevada to Indiana and from Montana to Arkansas averaged 3° to 6° or
more warmer than normal. Three areas averaged slightly cooler than normal, the

Far Northwest, Texas, and from Mississippi to southwestern Virginia. Summer heat
continued over most of the Nation early in the week. Early morning temperatures
ranged from the 50's over the northern border States to the 70's across the South.
Afternoon readings were in the 70's and 80's in the North and the 90's in the
South except in some southwestern desert areas where temperatures exceeded 100°.
Needles and Blythe, California, registered 114° Tuesday afternoon. A warming

trend over the West brought 90 heat to northeastern Washington Tuesday afternoon
and to north-central Montana Wednesday. Maximums in several States reached 100°

or higher on Tuesday and Wednesday. Miles City, Montana, registered 98° Wednesday
afternoon. The heat over the central Great Plains became especially intense
Thursday and Saturday. Maximums at Hill City, Kansas, averaged 105 from Wednesday
to Saturday. Minneapolis, Minnesota, warmed to 96° Sunday afternoon and cooled
only to 77° Monday morning, June 28. In some areas, last week was the warmest
Since August 1970,

- 467 -

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - KANSAS - Moth flights still heavy at Manhattan,
Riley County. (Bell). SOUTH DAKOTA - Late instars present under windrowed alfalfa
in western Dewey County. Averaged one larva per square foot in some fields.
(Jones). MINNESOTA - Occasional larva found in reed canary grass or alfalfa in
southwest and central districts. Blacklight trap collections light for past 14
days. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Late instars appeared in some fields of
early peas and controls applied. Early instars appearing in alfalfa and peas.
Earlier moth flight apparently undetected. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - Larvae
reported in field of corn near Bellevue, Eaton County. (Cook). Growers should
check corn and small grains for this pest. (Ruppel). Moth counts decreasing at

all blacklight stations, indicating end of emergence. Larval populations near
peak, problems in small grains should be evident. (Sauer). OHIO - Numbers of
first-generation moths decreasing rapidly in blacklight traps. (Rings). Larvae
damaging corn in Wayne and Columbiana Counties. (Blair, Rings). MARYLAND - Damage
levels in corn and small grain dropped below economic thresholds statewide. Spring
infestations heaviest with past 4 years. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

ARMY CUTWORM (Euxoa auxiliaris) - COLORADO - Larvae O-7 per corn plant in fields
southeast of La Salle, Weld County. Chemical control and reseeding necessary.
(Rothman). UTAH - Light on rangeland in Cache County. (Knowlton). NORTH DAKOTA -
Larvae destroyed 15 acres of 30-acre field of sugar beets in Pembina County.
(Lundquist, Frye). MINNESOTA - Damaged flax field near Lake Park, Becker County.
(Minn. Pest Rpt.).

ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - WISCONSIN - Populations in oats
decreasing, migrating into vegetable crops. Counts ranged 200-300 per 100 sweeps
of oats although occasional fields with 500 per 100 sweeps. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).
MICHIGAN - Averaged 2-3 per lettuce plant in some Ingham County fields. Some
aster-yellows infected plants apparent. (Bath, Cress).

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - COLORADO - Counts 0-3 per 10 square feet
in Montrose and Delta Counties. Most sugar beets entering 8 to 10-leaf stage.
(Bulla).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - TEXAS - Damaging grain sorghum in large areas of
central and north-central areas. (Turney, Green). OKLAHOMA - Infested 100 percent
of corn ears in Tipton area, Tillman County. Moderate in corn in Marshall County,
light in tassels of corn in Mayes County. Averaged 1 per 25 terminals in peanuts
in Garvin County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Larvae reported infesting 50
percent of whorls of sweet corn in Sedgwick County week ending June 18. Currently
in same field, larvae averaged 2 per plant in silks or whorls and eggs averaged

3 per ear on silks. (Bell). ILLINOIS - Feeding in corn whorls about to tassel in
western part of State. (Sur. Bull.). TENNESSEE - Immatures feeding in whorls of
corn in some fields in central and west areas. Below control levels. (Gordon).
ALABAMA - Scattered infestations on 5-20 percent of 5-foot-high corn in Chilton
County. Damage reported in many fields in Cullman County. Larvae light but wide-
spread in ears of corn in Baldwin County. (Futral et al.).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - TEXAS -— Infestations increased in older
grain sorghum throughout panhandle area. Economic damage not anticipated in any
fields observed. Light in grain sorghum in Brazos, Robertson, and Burleson
Counties. Light to moderate in Pecos, Reeves, and El Paso Counties. (Green et al.).
KANSAS —- Mostly none, but occasionally very light populations, noted in sorghum in
west-central and northwest districts. None to very light in sorghum in Geary and
Shawnee Counties, but one field of 14-inch-high sorghum in Shawnee County had

600+ per plant; lady beetles, lacewing larvae, and other predators very abundant

in this field. (Bell). MISSOURI - Light to moderate feeding in whorls of grain
sorghum throughout southern areas. (Munson). NEBRASKA - Light in grain sorghum;
ranged 1-15 nymphs per plant on 3-4 percent of plants examined in Gage, Lancaster,
Jefferson, Thayer, Nuckolls, Webster, Franklin, Harlan, Furnas, and Red Willow
Counties. (Staples, Cornelius).

- 468 -

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - ARIZONA - Ranged 5-25 per sorghum plant in
Willcox area of Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Moderate to heavy on
grain sorghum in Brazos, Robertson, and Burleson Counties. Ranged 0-1 colony per
plant; each colony averaged 25-30 aphids. Moderate to heavy in Hill, McLennan,
Falls, and Coryell Counties. (Green, Hoelscher). Tremendous increase in activity
noted in north-central areas. Heavy in several fields east of Corsicana, Navarro
County. Heavy in some fields in Ellis County, treatment required. Light in Denton,
Collin, Grayson, Hunt, and Delta Counties. (Turney). On South Plains, greenbug
infestations in grain sorghum remained light and scattered. In many fields in area
infestations declined during past 14 days. (Rummel). OKLAHOMA - Light to moderate
on sorghum in Craig, Ottawa, and Payne Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS -
Single colony found in 4 counties surveyed in southwest area. Found in Hempstead
County for a new county record. (Boyer). KANSAS - Mostly light to moderate on 3
to 8-inch sorghum in west-central and northwest crop districts. Beating rains
apparently lowered populations in some areas. Heavy populations of Hippodamia
convergens (convergent lady beetle), sometimes eggs and larvae, found in few
fields and may provide adequate control in some cases. (Bell). NEBRASKA - Light
in Lancaster, Gage, Webster, Thayer, Nuckolls, and Franklin Counties; averaged 10
percent of plants infested; parasitism by Lysiphlebus testaceipes (a braconid)
increasing. Greenbug threatening in Furnas, Harlan, and Red Willow Counties; 75-
90 percent of plants infested with 1-2 stem mothers and 5-35 aphids per plant.
Occasional fields in Red Willow County with up to 60 aphids per plant. (Staples,
Cornelius). Infestations in grain sorghum in Lincoln County appear stable or
declined slightly. Many plants examined had up to 3 colonies of 4-5 aphids per
plant. (Campbell).

POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - COLORADO - Ranged 20-25 per 100 sweeps of
potatoes in La Salle area of Weld County. (Urano). WISCONSIN - Nymphs more
noticeable in regrowth alfalfa than prior weeks; ranged 3-5 per sweep near
Wisconsin River. Adults numerous at lights in northern Dane County June 21 and
generally 1-2 per 10 sweeps. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

POTATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli) - WYOMING - None found on potatoes in
Goshen and Laramie Counties. Averaged 5 per 100 sweeps on Lycium sp. at
Torrington, Goshen County. (Parshall).

HORNWORMS (Manduca spp.) - GEORGIA - Eggs moderate to heavy on tobacco in Tift
and Appling Counties. (Girardeau, French, June 19). SOUTH CAROLINA - M. sexta
(tobacco hornworm) light on tobacco in Clarendon, Horry, Sumter, and Marlboro
Counties. (Benton).

TOBACCO BUDWORM (Heliothis virescens) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Continues a major
problem on tobacco in all counties. (Benton).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NEBRASKA - Light trap collections
indicate moth flights declining in Saunders and Dixon Counties. Egg deposition
heavy; first-generation larvae in most field and sweet corn. Percent plants
infested in 3 districts surveyed (5 fields per county) averaged: Northeast 76.1,
east 65.9, southeast 19. Egg masses per 5 plants by district averaged: Northeast
8.5, east 0.48, southeast 0.6. Most early corn in northeast and east districts
will require treatment. Fall (1970) survey showed these districts had heaviest
overwintering populations. Moth activity should continue throughout State next
7-10 days. Fresh egg masses common on corn in these 3 districts; averaged 1.7

per plant in northeast. Most larvae in first and second stages. Some controls
underway, but may be premature. (Keith, Berogan). Larvae infested 10-29 percent
of corn plants in 4 early fields in Hall County. (Hill, Wedderburn). SOUTH

DAKOTA - Severe damage to untreated corn expected next few weeks in southeast
area. First instars infested 100 percent of whorls of corn over 30 inches high

in Yankton County by June 24, Moths numerous. Larvae very heavy; up to 30 in some
whorls, 10-15 per whorl common in most fields, with 100 percent of whorls showing
shothole damage. (Kantack). MINNESOTA - Moth emergence and egg laying increased.

- 469 -

Ostrinia nubilalis pupation nearly complete in southern half of State. Egg laying
found most often in taller corn. Egg masses per 100 plants averaged by district
as follows: Southwest 22.5, southeast 6.6, west-central 16, central 5.5. Heaviest
counts observed in Redwood and Renville Counties, ranged 144-300 borers per 100
plants, but only in few widely separated fields. Expect egg masses and borers to
increase next 14 days. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). IOWA - Moth flights peaked in southern
third of State. Infestation 100 percent in western areas, borers 10-30 per plant
in some fields. Controls applied. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). MISSOURI - Pupation and
second-brood emergence occurring throughout extreme southeast area. (Munson).
ILLINOIS - Threat of first generation about past; only few unhatched eggs found,
mostly in northern section. Check of 100+ most advanced fields showed 15 percent
of plants infested; ranged 0-55 in individual fields. In most areas, 50-80 per-
cent of corn acreage attractive to moths and suitable for good larval survival.
(Sur. Bull.). INDIANA - Percent shothole feeding in corn checked by districts:
Northwest 0-5 (average 2.3), north-central 0-36 (average 8.7), northeast 0-23
(average 6). Generally first or second instars; occasional midrib feeding
observed. Oviposition probably incomplete as adults in many fields. Egg masses
more common in northeast district than elsewhere. Only corn suitable for
oviposition was examined. (Meyer). OHIO - Moth collections in blacklight traps
increased slightly over last reporting period. (Blair).

WISCONSIN - O. nubilalis moth flights still heavy. First and second instars in
scattered fields in Southern counties and as far north as Jackson County. Eggs
dominant, 4-8 masses per 50 plants in some fields. Potential high for serious
infestations on earliest sweet corn. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - First-brood
moth emergence peaked June 12-14 in Lenawee County; smaller peak occurred June
19-20. Larvae feeding on corn, also found on snap beans, peppers, and potatoes.
Larval activity Should have peaked by June 22-24. First brood appeared heavier
than average for past 5 years. (Sauer). DELAWARE - Adults averaged 3 per night
in Sussex County in blacklight traps. Larvae averaged 260 per 100 plants in early
planted, untreated sweet corn in one area of county. (Burburis, Lesiewicz).
MARYLAND - Damage levels increasing rapidly on Eastern Shore. Heaviest damage
ranged 20-40 percent in about 10 percent of acreage in Dorchester, Wicomico,
Worcester, and Somerset Counties. Most fields on Eastern Shore east of Cecil
County averaged less than 10 percent damage with first through third instars
present. Corn in Montgomery, Frederick, Washington, Carroll, Harford, and
Baltimore Counties ranged less than 5 percent damage with first instars present.
Egg laying continues Statewide. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). KENTUCKY - Larvae infested
5 percent of corn in Fayette County field. (Barnett). ALABAMA - Late instars
heavy in 50-75 percent of cornstalks in 25-acre field of pretassel to tasseling
corn in Chilton County. Pupation occurred June 19. Moth flights for second
generation should be occurring in central and northern areas. (Barnett et al.).

SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - MISSOURI - Pupation of first
generation underway in southeast area. No emergence noted. (Munson).

STALK BORER (Papaipema nebris) - MARYLAND - Third instars continue to infest no-
till corn in Frederick, Howard, Carroll, and Montgomery Counties. (U. Md., Ent.
Dept.). OHIO - Damaging field corn in Madison County. (Blair).

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - MISSOURI - Larval infestations
caused severe lodging of corn in Barton County. All stages present. (Fairchild).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - TEXAS - Populations reported from late
plantings of grain Sorghum in Goliad County. Generally light in central areas
from Brazos, Robertson, and Burleson Counties. One heavy, but localized, infesta-
tion detected in isolated field of grain sorghum near Hearne, Robertson County.
(Cole et al.). ARKANSAS - Light in 5 of 13 sorghum fields in bloom in Hempstead,
Lafayette, Little River, and Miller Counties. Heaviest counts 3-4 per head in one
field in which 10 percent of heads blocming. Few fields in east-central area with
1-2 per head. (Boyer).

= 470.-

SMALL GRAINS

HESSIAN FLY (Mayetiola destructor) - PENNSYLVANIA - About 30 percent infestation
on wheat stems in Lancaster County. (Tetrault).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - NEVADA - Damaging larval populations in alfalfa
seed fields at Orovada, Humboldt County. Subsequent adverse weather conditions,
introduction and emergence of pollenators complicated control measures. (Nev.
Coop. Rpt.). IDAHO - Populations nearing pupation, damage more severe than in
1970 in Twin Falls County. (Sutherland, Youtz). Larvae severe in numerous
untreated alfalfa hayfields at Ada (June 23) and Canyon (June 24) Counties.
(Peterson et al.). UTAH - Larvae developed more rapidly since weather became
warmer. Stubble spray applied in many areas to protect second crop. (Knowlton).
Damage to first crop lighter than normal in Duchesne and Uintah Counties.
(Mathis). WYOMING - Larvae ranged 28-69 per sweep in 2 alfalfa fields in Powell
area, Park County, June 18. (Burkhardt). Currently, larvae ranged 35-500 per 10
sweeps of alfalfa in Laramie, Goshen, Niobrara, Converse, and Platte Counties.
Heavy damage in Platte and Converse Counties. About 75 percent of first cutting
mowed. (Parshall). NEBRASKA - Averaged 1.2 adults and 46.3 larvae per 100 sweeps
in 24 Dawson County fields. (Manglitz, Stevens). SOUTH DAKOTA - Larvae very heavy
in Lawrence and western Meade County alfalfa around northern Black Hills. In
untreated fields larval populations of 5,000 per 100 sweeps common. Adults 175-
225 per 100 sweeps. Most larvae second and third instar. First cutting of alfalfa
well underway; regrowth in harvested fields could bé held back, particularly in
untreated fields. (Jones). NORTH DAKOTA - Larval counts in dryland alfalfa in
Oliver County averaged 40 per 100 sweeps. Alfalfa in full bloom, Larvae 1 per

100 sweeps in alfalfa north of Bismarck, Burleigh County. This is a new county
record. (Brandvik). WISCONSIN - New adults averaged 50 per sweep in uncut alfalfa
in western Dane County field. Larval counts 1-2 per 10 sweeps in uncut dense
stands in Sheboygan, Manitowoc, and Calumet Counties. Counts about same in
regrowth alfalfa in Grant, Rock, Iowa, Green, and Dane Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).
INDIANA - Much of alfalfa in northern districts recently harvested. Larvae

ranged up to 3 per sweep in few fields available in northeast district. (Meyer).

OHIO - H. postica oviposition ceased. Larval populations still heavy for time of
year in certain fields. Larvae per sweep by county: Washington less than 1,
Wayne 5. New adults found throughout State. (Flessel). NEW YORK - Populations
near or at peak in most areas. Graying noted in many fields. Pupation underway
in some areas. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., June 21). MASSACHUSETTS - Count per 100 sweeps:
Adults 8, larvae 896 in Berkshire County alfalfa. (Miller).

ALFALFA PLANT BUG (Adelphocoris lineolatus) - WYOMING - Adults and nymphs ranged
1-6 per 10 sweeps in 5 alfalfa fields in Goshen, Converse, and Platte Counties,
(Parshall). NORTH DAKOTA - Adults and nymphs of this species and Lygus lineolaris
(tarnished plant bug) heavy and damaging flower buds on alfalfa in Oliver and
Burleigh Counties. Ranged 250-1,000 (averaged 600) per 100 sweeps. Alfalfa will
be cut for hay. (Brandvik).

MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - IDAHO - Adults in alfalfa at Meridian,
Ada County, and mint at New Plymouth, Payette County. This is a new record for
Ada County. (Peterson et al.).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WYOMING - Averaged 2-3 per sweep in 2 alfalfa
fields in Powell area, Park County. Counts low. (Burkhardt). Ranged 6-160 per

10 sweeps in alfalfa of Laramie, Goshen, Niobrara, Converse, and Platte Counties.
(Parshall). UTAH - Moderate in Iron County alfalfa. (Knowlton).

LEAFMINER FLIES - NEW YORK - Undetermined species caused heavy damage to alfalfa
in southeastern area, centered around Dutchess County. Leafminer flies continue
more important than alfalfa weevil in these areas. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., June 21).

ee S/d Wc

SOYBEANS

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ALABAMA - Larvae extremely heavy and damage
serious to large field of Soybeans 12-14 inches tall at Foley in Baldwin County.
Present control effort unsuccessful and further controls will be necessary.
(Payne et al.).

SEEDCORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - MINNESOTA - Damage to soybeans and seedling
corn reported from Jackson and Lac qui Parle Counties. Only scattered fields
injured. Most damage on soybeans; cotyledons damaged. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - INDIANA - Ovipostion underway in
southeast district. (Broersma). MARYLAND -— Adults defoliated 80 acres of beans
in Reids Grove area of Dorchester County. First and second instars in Dorchester,
Wicomico, Somerset, and Worcester Counties. Generally heavy and scattered
throughout these counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

THRIPS - MARYLAND - Damage levels increased. About 300 acres in Talbot, Dorchester,
Wicomico, and Caroline Counties heavily infested, thrips 30-60 per plant. (U. Md.,
Ent. Dept.).

PEANUTS

TOBACCO THRIPS (Frankliniella fusca) - ALABAMA - This species and other thrips
continue to cause widespread damage and controls applied to much acreage in Pike,
Barbour, and Dale Counties. (Carter et al.).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Infestations heavy enough to
merit first controls in some areas of Richland County; 10 percent infestation in
1 of 10 fields checked. (Bailey). In Florence County, 30 weevils on 2 wing traps;
total to date 1,012. Weevils on 12 live traps 45; total to date 1,564. Total
number of weevils emerged greater than 1970. (Taft et al.). GEORGIA - Adults
averaged 8 per grandlure trap during week of June 6-12 in Randolph County;

ranged 0-392 (average 86) per acre in 17 southern fields. (Womack). ALABAMA -
Overwintered weevils heavy in south and central areas. Eggs laid in squares.
First pupae of season reported in early cotton in Macon County; adult emergence
expected June 29. Infestation 1-8 percent in many early fields not yet fully
fruited in northern counties. Adults lighter north of Birmingham than anticipated
although much more plentiful than in 1970. (McQueen). MISSISSIPPI - In delta
counties, weevils in 2 of 19 fields. Weevil and punctured squares in 2 of 11
fields. In pheremone-baited wing traps recovered 3 weevils in Washington County
and 28 in Bolivar County. (Pfrimmer et al.). LOUISIANA - In Madison Parish,
collected 24 weevils from 20 nonsticky traps and 38 from 4 sticky traps. Recovered
59 from 10 wing traps adjacent to ground trash collection sites. Collected 19
from 129 wing traps on island in Mississippi River. Total of 16 in 65 wing traps
near experimental plots. Weevils in 4 of 25 fields checked by row foot method;
counts per acre 26 in 3 fields and 65 in one. (Cleveland et al.). ARKANSAS -
Overwintered weevils 5-7 per 100 terminals in east-central area. Surveys indicate
possible buildup of first-generation weevils in Lafayette County. (Boyer). Total
of 264 fields infested in areas surveyed. (Barnes, Jones). TEXAS - In McLennan
and Falls Counties, punctured squares averaged 0.3 (maximum 3.6) percent in 36
treated fields. Averaged 2.6 (maximum 13.5) percent in 9 untreated fields. Total
of 22 weevils trapped on pheromone-baited wing traps; total for season 2,169.
Traps removed June 23. (Cowan et al.). For Boll Weevil in High Plains area see
page 479,

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Moths in Florence County light
traps: H. zea II and H. virescens 1. Infestations light. (Taft et al.).

GEORGIA = Egg laying still light; no appreciable larval damage noted in southern
areas. (Womack, June 19). ALABAMA - Larvae light in fields throughout State
although moth flights and egg laying increased. Predators and parasites plentiful,

- 472 -

holding larvae below economic levels. (McQueen). MISSISSIPPI - In delta counties,
eggs in 8 and larvae in 5 of 30 fields. Maximum per 100 terminals, 1.5 eggs and

1 larva. Injured squares averaged 2.23 percent in 8 of 11 fields. (Pfrimmer et
al.). LOUISIANA - In Madison Parish, Heliothis spp. eggs ranged 26-156 per acre
in 6 of 14 fields. (Cleveland et al.). ARKANSAS - In areas surveyed 640 fields
infested. No problems in any area. (Boyer et al.). Moths on sugarlines (standard-
ized at 0,5 mile of row for each crop) totaled 217 on corn, sorghum, and soybeans
in Lonoke County. (Boyer). TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties, eggs averaged
1.8 and larvae 0.4 per 100 terminals in 43 treated fields. Eggs averaged 0.8 and
larvae 0.6 in 10 untreated fields. Injured squares averaged 1.6 (maximum 12.5)
percent in 36 treated fields and averaged 1.6 (maximum 3.5) percent in 9 untreated
fields. Of 36 larvae collected from cotton 23 identified H. virescens. (Cowan et
al.). ARIZONA - One H. zea larvae and 11 eggs reported from 432 fields in Graham
County June 14-21. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

TOBACCO

TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - KENTUCKY - Caused light damage to
tobacco in Boone County. (Barnett).

SUGAR BEETS

BEET WEBWORM (Loxostege sticticalis) - NORTH DAKOTA - Moths in most fields in
Oliver, Burleigh, Walsh, Pembina, and Grand Forks Counties. In Oliver County,
larvae completely defoliated 38-acre field, partially damaged additional 18 acres.
Moths ranged up to 5 per square yard in Burleigh and Oliver Counties. Egg masses
up to 4 per leaf. (Brandvik et al.). WYOMING - Moth counts decreased in Powell
area, Park County, by June 18. (Burkhardt). Moths light in sugar beet fields of
Goshen and Platte Counties, few small larvae present. (Parshall).

SUGARBEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - WYOMING - Eggs in 7 fields
checked in Powell area, Park County, June 18; 30-100 percent of plants had eggs
around bases. Larvae found in several fields. Adult activity decreased.
(Burkhardt). NORTH DAKOTA - Adults in all fields surveyed in Grand Forks County.
Early eggs nonviable and drying up in Walsh and Pembina Counties. No hatch
occurred in these counties. (Kaatz). MINNESOTA - Survey underway in Red River
Valley. In Clay County, some adults in most fields in lighter soil areas from
south of Moorhead north to county line; ranged trace to 1.4 per square foot. At
Robbin in Kittson County, infestation appears to cover oval area 4 miles long by
3 miles wide. Heavier soils elsewhere in Kittson County had none or an occasional
adult. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

SPINACH LEAF MINER (Pegomyia hyoscyami) - WYOMING - Percent of plants with eggs
ranged 40-100 at Powell, Park County, June 18. (Burkhardt). Larvae infested 0-30
percent of leaves per plant in Platte and Goshen Counties. (Parshall).

MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS

SUNFLOWER MOTH (Homoeosoma electellum) - TEXAS - Remains light to moderate in
Reeves County. Moderate in El Paso County. (Neeb).

HOP APHID (Phorodon humuli) - WASHINGTON - General buildup of nymphs and adults
in hop yards near Grandview, Yakima County. (Cone).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - MAINE - Eggs and some larvae
on potatoes in Lincoln area of Penobscot County. Infesting several fields of
table stock potatoes at Showhegan, Somerset County; 1 adult and 20 larvae per 20
plants. (Gall). COLORADO - Larvae ranged 80-85 per 100 sweeps in potatoes in

La Salle area of Weld County. (Urano),

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POTATO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix cucumeris) - MAINE - Population light on potatoes in
Aroostook and Penobscot Counties. Counts averaged 40 per 20 plants in Showhegan
area of Somerset County. (Gall). MINNESOTA - Caused heavy injury to some potato
fields in western Marshall County. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

Aphids on Potatoes in Maine - Examination of 1,200 plants in untreated plots
revealed: Aphis nasturtii (buckthorn aphid) on 18 plants (1.5 percent), 14 alatae
and 39 apterae; Myzus pers persicae (green peach aphid) on one plant (0.08 percent),

1 alate and 2 apterae (one infestation) ; Macrosiphum euphorbiae (potato aphid) on
45 plants (3.75 percent), 23 alatae and 134 apterae. Three M. euphorbia
parasitized, probably before leaving rose. In Lincoln area of Penobscot County,
alate migrants of M. persicae, M. euphorbia, and A. nasturtii taken in yellow pan
traps. None found in Corinth area. (Gall

BEANS AND PEAS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - MARYLAND - Adults and larvae required
controls in 400 acres of Snap beans near Vienna, Dorchester County, and Salisbury,
Wicomico County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WYOMING - Adults 0-5 per 100 feet of row

in Goshen, Platte, and Laramie Counties. Egg masses present in most fields.
(Parshall). UTAH - Reported from Murray, Salt Lake County. (Knowlton).

GARDEN SYMPHYLAN (Scutigerella immaculata) - IDAHO -— Caused up to 80 percent
reduction on 10 acres of beanS at Kimberly, Twin Falls County. (Sutherland).

CUCURBITS

STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Acalymma vittata) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults averaged 2 per
plant on commercial and garden cucumber plantings in Lackawanna and Centre
County. (Gesell). KENTUCKY - Adults caused moderate damage to squash in Fayette
County. (Barnett).

SQUASH BUG (Anasa tristis) - OKLAHOMA -— Averaged 25 per plant on commercial
watermelons in southern Jefferson County. Moderate in Bryan and Cleveland
Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

MELON APHID (Aphis gossypii) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 250 per plant on commercial
watermelons in Jefferson County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

ASPARAGUS APHID (Brachycolus asparagi) - NEW JERSEY - Found on asparagus
brush in Somerset County; nymphs with wing pads observed. (Ins.-Dis., Newsltr.).

SPOTTED ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Criocerus duodecimpunctata) - MAINE - Few adults still
present on asparagus in Orono area, Penobscot County. Egg and larval counts
moderate. (Gall).

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DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) - WASHINGTON - First second-brood shoot
strikes noted. Few mature first brood on unsprayed peach tree near Sawyer, Yakima
County. (Johnson, Marey). COLORADO - Moth flights increasing in Palisade and
Vineland districts of Mesa County, peaked June 18. Ranged 0-47 per trap in these
districts; averaged 18 per trap in most infested areas. Parasite releases to be
concentrated in problem zones. Counts 1-22 in 5 bait and attractant traps at
Orchard Mesa Station in Mesa County. Trap catches in Palisade and Vineland areas
much heavier than in Orchard Mesa and Clifton districts. (Sisson et al.). OHIO -
First-generation larvae damaging peach terminals in Portage County June 23.
(Miller).

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - OREGON - First adults taken from bait traps
June 22 at Corvallis, Benton County. (Capizzi). COLORADO - Attractant traps
showing increase in past 5 days in Mesa County area. (Bulla).

OBLIQUEBANDED LEAFROLLER (Choristoneura rosaseana) - OREGON - Adults taken in
blacklight traps located in prune and cherry orchards in Milton-Freewater area,
Umatilla County. (Burkhart). New adults common at lights in West Salem, Polk
County, end of last period. (Westcott).

PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - WASHINGTON - General infestations of Anjou and
Bartlett pears in Yakima County. Second- generation egg hatch. (Gregorich).

SAN JOSE SCALE (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus) - NEVADA - Heavy infestations on
scattered apple and pear trees at Lovelock, Pershing County, with limb kill
evident. (Haas). OREGON - Crawlers observed beginning of period June 21-25 in
Medford area, Jackson County. (Berry).

APPLE MAGGOT (Rhagoletis pomonella) - MICHIGAN - Flies in Van Buren County
emergence cages Since June 22, Single fly trapped near Grand Rapids on same date.
Emergence should be well underway throughout southwest area next 7 days. Required
sprays should be applied by July 1. (Sauer).

BLACK CHERRY FRUIT FLY (Rhagoletis fausta) - MICHIGAN - Individuals taken on
sticky-can traps June 9 in Ingham and Jackson Counties, June 24 in Oceana County.
(Sauer).

CHERRY FRUIT FLY (Rhagoletis cingulata) - MICHIGAN - Emergence traps indicate
heavy activity throughout southern counties. First flies reported in Hart and
Shelby area June 20; controls should be applied no later than June 30. (Sauer,
McLean). Adults emerged in cages June 22 in Van Buren County, June 23 in Kent
County. (Coon). WASHINGTON - First adult captured in ammonium carbonate traps on
June 20, 30 days later than normal at Zillah, Yakima County. (Hudson).

WESTERN CHERRY FRUIT FLY (Rhagoletis indifferens) - OREGON - Adults noted on
sweet cherry June 20 in Milton-Freewater area, Umatilla County. (Burkhart).

EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonoychus ulmi) - MASSACHUSETTS - Counts of 5.5 per 100
apple leaves in Hampshire County orchard. (Blyth). MICHIGAN - Building up; eggs
appearing in some instances. (Sauer).

AN ERIOPHID MITE (Aculus comatus Keifer) - OREGON - Collected June 1, 1971,
damaging leaves of Davidiana variety filberts at Corvallis, Benton County. This
is a new North American record. Collection and identification by G.W. Krantz.
(Krantz).

- 475-

PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - TEXAS - Egg laying for second
generation underway in south-central areas. Few eggs in Bastrop and Gonzales
Counties. Light infestations at Eagle Pass, Maverick County. (Cole, Mathies).
OKLAHOMA - Nut entries ranged 40-60 percent in unsprayed pecan orchards in Payne
County, 13-50 percent in Rogers County. Larvae about half grown. Heavy in
unsprayed pecans in Stephen County; light in Marshall County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy in young pecan trees in
southern Jefferson County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Continue to be troublesome
throughout south-central, central, and north-central areas. (Cole, Green).

ITALIAN PEAR SCALE (Epidiaspis leperii) - CALIFORNIA - Infesting walnut trees in
170-acre planting at Gridley, Butte County, at rate of 200 per twig. (Cal. Coop.
Rpt.).

SMALL FRUITS

WESTERN GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - UTAH - More damaging this
season in Washington County than for 15 years. (Knowlton).

GRAPE BERRY MOTH (Paralobesia viteana) - MISSOURI - Abundant in unsprayed vine-
yards in south-central and southeast areas; few in some commercial vineyards.
(Craig).

MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - MONTANA - Infested strawberries at
Missoula, Missoula County. (Pratt

ORNAMENTALS

BAGWORM (Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis) - MARYLAND - Second instars active
throughout State. Heavy on junipers and deciduous plants. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).
TENNESSEE - Caused severe damage to planting of white pines for Christmas trees
in Hamblen County. Trees 4-5 feet tall with top 2 feet of each tree dead.
Immatures feeding on needles, bark, and woody portion of trees. (Hammett) .
Damaging white pines and junipers in Franklin County. (Cagle). Heavy on cedars
in Fayette County. (Locke).

HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) - KANSAS - Adults found on hollyhock in
nurseries in Wabaunsee, Cloud, and Saline Counties. These are new county records.
Determinations by K.O, "Bell and W. Iselin. (Bell). MISSOURI - Adults collected at
Eldorado Springs, Cedar County, June 18, 1971, by J.E. Francka. This is a new
county record. (Munson).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

SPRUCE SPIDER MITE (Oligonychus ununguis) - MARYLAND - Caused heavy damage to
ornamental hemlock and spruce throughout State. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

SPRUCE BUDWORM (Choristoneura fumiferana) - MAINE - Pupating in southeast area.
Survey shows pest over much of spruce and fir area of State from Calais, Cooper,
and Robbinston to Baxter Park and Upton. No larvae yet collected from southwest
coastal area. (Dearborn). PENNSYLVANIA - Heavy on hemlock, many trees completely
defoliated in Centre County; heavy in Elk and Cameron Counties. (Eckess) .
MICHIGAN - Larval feeding completed in Upper Peninsula, damage evident; pupating.
Damage very heavy again this year in Michigamme area of Marquette County. Aerial
survey of infested area to be made. (Keith).

JACK PINE BUDWORM (Choristoneura pinus) - WISCONSIN - Severe defoliation occurred
in portions of six townships in Douglas and Bayfield Counties. Infestation covers
20,000-30,000 acres. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

- 476 -

NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyacionia frustrana) - KANSAS - Heavy on seeding pines
in nursery in Cloud County. (Bell). MISSOURI - Collected in Dunklin, Mississippi,
Scott, and Stoddard Counties by R. Thompson. These are new county records,
(Munson) .

PINE TUSSOCK MOTH (Dasychira plagiata) - MINNESOTA - Heavy defoliation on 1,000
acres in east-central area. Most in fifth instar, with smaller percentages in
fourth and sixth instars. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

AN OLETHREUTID MOTH (Epinotia nanana) - MAINE - Large numbers of moths in flight
in coastal spruce areas. Dearborn) .

CONIFER SAWFLIES (Neodiprion spp.) - TENNESSEE - N. pratti pratti larvae began

hatching in eastern Highland Rim and in eastern areas during week of April 15.

N. taedae linearis larvae began about week earlier in western portion of State.
Changes in distribution and severity of damage caused by these insects compared
with previous years yet unknown; however, N. pratti pratti larvae observed for

first time in Sequatchie, Van Buren, Bledsoe, and Cumberland Counties in early
May. (Tenn. For. Serv.).

SPRUCE BUD SCALE (Physokermes piceae) - OREGON - Remains numerous in Lithia Park,
Ashland County, site of first reported occurrence in State. (Larson). Virtually
100 percent of scales in small sample collected from Colorado blue spruce June 16
infested with larvae of Holcencyrtus physokermis (an encyrtid wasp). (Westcott).

PINE NEEDLE SCALE (Phenacaspis pinifoliae) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on pine trees on
Forest Genetics Station at Placerville, El Dorado County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

PINE LEAF CHERMID (Pineus pinifoliae) - MAINE - Eggs hatching on white pine
needles; nymphs settling on 1971 shoots. (Dearborn).

A NOTODONTID MOTH (Symmerista canicosta) - MICHIGAN - Adult activity and egg
laying underway in Manistee National Forest area. Eggs all over trees; numbers
about equal on white and red oaks. Egg parasitism very low. (Eiber). Heavy adult
activity at blacklight trap locations indicates egg laying still underway. No
hatch noted in any area, but eggs observed in Croton Dam area of Newaygo County
indicate hatch will start June 26 to July 2. Inspection of infested areas in
Mason, Newaygo, and Oceana Counties indicate egg masses viable; larval populations
will be troublesome. (Wallner).

FRUITTREE LEAFROLLER (Archips argyrospilus) - PENNSYLVANIA - Peak moth emergence
observed; damage unusually severe On ornamentals and Shade trees in central areas,
(Gesell).

LARGE ASPEN TORTRIX (Choristoneura conflictana) - MINNESOTA - Heavy moth emergence
observed in St. Louis, Lake, and Cook Counties. Defoliation of aspen covers many
square miles in these counties. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

MAN AND ANIMALS

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - VERMONT - Increasing in Champlain Valley.
(Nielsen, June 22). WISCONSIN - Annoyance to cattle heavy in Calumet and St. Croix
Counties, light to moderate in most other areas. (Wis. Ins. Sur.) IOWA - Ranged
10-400 (averaged 66.5) per side on untreated beef herd in Story County.

(Iowa Ins. Sur.). SOUTH DAKOTA - Ranged 300-400 per side on cows, heavier on
bulls, on untreated cattle in Dewey, Corson, Campbell, and McPherson Counties.
(Jones). WYOMING - Ranged 30-40 per cow along Laramie River in Albany County.
(Lloyd). Ranged 10-300 per head on 4 cattle herds in Goshen, Niobrara, and Platte
Counties. (Parshall). NEBRASKA - Heavy on 6 herds checked in Frontier and Lincoln
Counties, ranged up to 550 per animal. (Campbell, McEvoy). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 500
per head on untreated cattle in Marshall County. Reported heavy in Garvin and
moderate in Cleveland and Craig Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Increasing

- 477 -

after scattered rains in south-central area. Medium to heavy and widespread in
Hays and Jackson Counties. (Green). FLORIDA - Averaged 147 per dairy cow near
Gainesville, Alachua County. (Head).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - WISCONSIN - Severe annoyance to cattle reported
in Sauk, Adams, and Calumet Counties. Slight to moderate annoyance in Chippewa,
St. Croix, Columbia, Rock, Polk, Outagamie, and Oconto Counties. Spraying underway
in most counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Increasing, averaged 4-5 per leg on
animals in feedlots in Lincoln County. (Campbell, McEvoy).

BLACK FLIES (Simulium spp.) - MAINE - Peak numbers attained in most sections.
Populations will decline in most areas next 14 days. (McDaniel). NEBRASKA -
Troublesome on herds pastured on flood plain areas along Platte River in Lincoln
and Keith Counties. (Campbell, McEvoy) .

TABANID FLIES - VERMONT - Chrysops spp. increased on cattle in Champlain Valley.
(Nielsen, June 22). NEBRASKA - Chrysops spp. troublesome on herds pastured on
flood plain areas along Platte River in Lincoln and Keith Counties. (Campbell,
McEvoy). UTAH - Horseflies and deer flies troublesome in Duchesne, Uintah, and
Daggett County meadow areas (Mathis), and in Honeyville and Fielding area of Box
Elder County, annoying horses and cattle (Knowlton).

MOSQUITOES - MAINE - Peak numbers attained in most sections. Populations will
decline in most areas next 14 days. (McDaniel). WISCONSIN - Biting continues
heavy in some lowland localities. Aedes cinereus dominant biter in Wisconsin
River bottomlands in western Dane County. A.vexans has not appeared yet. (Wis.
Ins. Sur.) OHIO - Biting by Aedes spp. and Culex spp. heavy in some areas of
Washington County. (Field). MINNESOTA - Of 133 larval collections during week
ending June 19 A.vexans found in 48 percent of samples. A. vexans heavily
dominant with 6-7 Species of spring woodland pool mosquitoes very prominent in
all collections. Latter species very long lived and will continue to bite in
wooded areas into August. Total of 31,700 female mosquitoes collected in 16 light
traps during week ending June 18. Of these, 92.5 percent A. vexans. Light trap
catches declined significantly by June 24, Moderate rains in Minneapolis and
Saint Paul area on June 19 and 20 produced small brood of A. vexans. Survivors of
this brood may cause modest local increase in mosquito populations during week of
June 28. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). WYOMING - Very heavy and annoying man and animals
along Laramie River, Albany County. Counts ranged 400-600 per cow. (Spackman,
Lloyd) . CALIFORNIA - Mosquito problem more acute past week due to hot weather.
Residents at Sacramento, Sacramento County, complained of high annoyance in yards
and at swimming pools. Complaints that bites are more serious than other years
quite general. Mosquito abatement districts being pressured to continue control
because of population levels and lack of effective material due to resistance.
(Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 5 cases reported in U.S. June 20-26
as follows: TEXAS - Jeff Davis, Jim Hogg, Bowie, Jim Wells, Mason. Total of 67
laboratory-confirmed cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of
Mexico as follows: Sonora 10, Chihuahua 16, Coahuila 5, Nuevo Leon 7, Tamaulipas
29. Total of 43 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is
area where eradication operation underway to prevent establishment of self-
sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screwworm flies released: Texas 39,358,000;
Arizona 3,310,000; Arkansas 400,000; Mexico 111,770,000. (Anim. Health Div.).

HORSE BOT FLY (Gasterophilus intestinalis) - INDIANA - Larvae emerged June 14-18;
adults currently very abundant. (Chandler) .

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - VERMONT - Increasing in Champlain Valley. (Nielsen,
June 22). WISCONSIN - Moderate to severe in Calumet, Chippewa, and Columbia
Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.) ILLINOIS - Increased rapidly past 2 weeks; now
annoying pastural cattle. State average 25 per animal, with individual herds
averaging up to 60 per head. Populations on increase again since summer of 1969;
summer 1970 could be worst yet. (Sur. Bull.). IOWA - Ranged 1-30 (averaged 11.2)

- 478 -

per face on untreated beef herd in Story County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). SOUTH DAKOTA -
Very low numbers in Dewey County; in several herds examined, less than one per 10
head. This is a new county record. Expect pest had been in county for several
years. (Jones). NEBRASKA - Increasing in canyon pastures in Lincoln County,
averaged 2-3 per animal. (Campbell, McEvoy). MISSOURI - Counts of 3-25 per head
observed in central area. (Peters). Heavy egg laying also reported from this
area. (Wingo).

HOUSE FLY (Musca domestica) - WISCONSIN - Populations increasing steadily and
reports of problems received from all areas. Numerous in and around homes as well
as near cattle barns. Moderate to severe near barns on many farms visited.
Populations on farms variable due to sanitation and spraying practices. (Wis. Ins.
Sur.). TENNESSEE - Heavy in several locations in State. Control difficult in many
cases. (Gordon).

HORSE BITING LOUSE (Bovicola equi) - IDAHO - Collected from horse at St. Anthony,
Fremont County, May 11, 1971. Determined by J.E. Keirans. (Peebles, Sutherland).

EAR TICK (Otobius megnini) - WYOMING - Averaged 5 per head on 40 cows near
Torrington, Goshen County. (Lloyd).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

ALFALFA LEAFCUTTER BEE (Megachile rotundata) - IDAHO - First adults emerging
from boards wintered outdoors at Jerome, Jerome County. (Priest). TEXAS -
Incorporated into Boscoe area of Ward County as alfalfa seed crop pollinators,
Results satisfactory. (Neeb).

A BRACONID (Microctonus aethiops) - NEW YORK - Surveys reveal this parasite of

adult Hypera postica (alfalfa weevil) widespread in Tompkins County. (N.Y. Wkly
Rpt., June On

AN ICHNEUMON (Bathyplectes curculionis) - NEW YORK - Parasitism by this species
more widespread and percent parasitism higher than in 1970. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.,
June 19). KENTUCKY - Parasitized 1 of 92 Hypera postica (alfalfa weevil) larvae
in Garrard County, none of 90 in Warren County, 2 of 65 in Lincoln County, and
none of 87 in Fayette County. (Barnett).

LADY BEETLES - WASHINGTON - Stethorus picipes feeding on McDaniel spider mites

and eggs on Delicious apple trees near WeSt Wapato, Yakima County. (Gregorich).
WYOMING - Lady beetle adults ranged 0-10 per 10 sweeps of alfalfa in Laramie,
Goshen, Niobrara, Converse, and Platte Counties, Few larvae found. (Parshall).
ILLINOIS - More numerous in corn fields than for several years. Egg laying
observed. (Sur. Bull.). KANSAS - Hippodamia convergens adults (up to 40 per plant)
feeding at nectaries on green pods of yucca in Rawlins County; also found feeding
at nectaries at bases of flowers of thistle in Logan and Sherman Counties. (Bell).

KLAMATHWEED BEETLES (Chrysolina spp.) - IDAHO - Released 3,000 C. gemellata adults
in Weatherby Landing Strip area, Elmore County, June 22. Weed had invaded
experimental bitterbrush planting in area. (Portman). WASHINGTON - Chrysolina spp.
on 0.25 acre of Klamathweed near Washougal, Clark County. (Chase, Shanks) .

PREDACEOUS MITES - IDAHO - Metaseiulus occidentalis (a phytoseiid mite) controlling
spider mite feeding damage to about 1,000 acres of mint at New Plymouth, Payette
County. (Homan, Portman). KANSAS - Several predaceous spider mites found feeding
on greenbugs in a field of sorghum in Shawnee County; 1 per 2,000 aphids. (Bell).

- 479 -

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - Catches on wing traps increased below
Caprock. Few adults found in early planted cotton in Kent County. Weevils have
not been detected above Caprock. (Rummel et al.). For Boll Weevil in other areas
see page 471.

CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - Specimens collected on oats as follows:
VIRGINIA - Franklin County by W.B. Mason June 15. ILLINOIS - Henry County by

J.-E. Pennington June 14, Crawford County by M.D. McCoy June 7, Scott County by
G.R. Aldridge June 14, Jersey County June 16 and Pike County June 17 by T.S.
Smith. Determinations by R.E. White. These are new county records. (PPD).
PENNSYLVANIA - Most oatfields infested but light in Indiana County (Keim, Pealer) ;
some fields treated in Lawrence, Mercer, Butler, and Beaver Counties (Eckess).
MICHIGAN - Small numbers appearing in Charlevoix County (Rebmon); damaging
scattered fields in Alpena County (Nickels); heavy in scattered fields of small
grain in Bay County (Woods). OHIO - Noted in corn 18-24 inches tall. Many growers
in Ross County experiencing adult feeding damage on corn; in some cases 10-15

per plant. Approximately 5 percent of leaf area eaten. Adults moving from
ripening wheat to corn and infested outer borders of fields. (Muntzing). NEBRASKA -
None found in 129 oatfields checked in eastern third of State June 1-15.
(Walstrom).

COMSTOCK MEALYBUG (Pseudococcus comstocki) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on fruitless
mulberry tree at Strathmore, Tulare County. Area about halfway between Porterville
and Lindsay; this constitutes new location for this’ pest. Delimiting survey
negative to date. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

EUROPEAN CHAFER (Amphimallon majalis) - PENNSYLVANIA - First adults in blacklight
trap collections at Scranton, Lackawanna County and at Pittston, Luzerne County.
(Eckess) .

GRASS BUGS - IDAHO - Labops sp. feeding yellowed crested wheatgrass on Sawtooth
National Forest east of Featherville, Elmore County, June 18. (Edwards). UTAH -
Irbisia pacifica 1-2 per 10 sweeps on planted grasses in Green Canyon, Cache
County. Larger grass bugs more numerous but spotty. (Knowlton). SOUTH DAKOTA -
Populations of Labops sp. apparently decreased; few observed near Union Center,
Meade County, where counts had been 34 per square yard 7 days earlier. Destroyed
15 acres of wheat. (Zimmerman).

GRASSHOPPERS - NEVADA - Nymphs of Oedaleonotus enigma, Aulocara elliotti, and
Melanoplus sanguinipes ranged 100-125 per Square yard on 3,000 acres of rangeland
grass between Upper Clover Ranch and Midas, Elko County. O. enigma dominant.
(PPD). Unspecified nymphs moving into alfalfa from band 3 miles long in Kings
River Valley, Humboldt County. (Day). TEXAS - Grasshoppers increasing in grain
sorghum fields throughout many north-central areas. (Turney). OKLAHOMA - Ranged
10-25 per square yard through eastern Stephens and Jefferson Counties, most of
Love County, western Carter and Murray Counties, and southern Garvin County.
Counts up to 100 per square yard present in Bermuda grass pastures and crop
margins. Populations include Melanoplus spp., Hesperottettix spp., Ageneotettix
deorum, and Boopedon sp. Rangeland counts in Johnston County ranged 5-15 per square
yard. Other generally infested areas (8 or more per square yard) include Cimarron
County north of Cimarron River, northern Beaver County, and western parts of
Harper, Ellis, and Roger Mills Counties. Scattered infestations in rangeland,
Bermuda grass, or crop margins reported from Pontotoc, Marshall, Coal, Atoka,
Lincoln, Pottawatomie, Kingfisher, Cleveland, Kiowa, and Comanche Counties. One
specimen of Dactylotum bicolor pictum collected in southwestern Garvin County.
This is a new county record and farther east than normal for this species. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Melanoplus spp. averaged 45-60 per square yard in 3 brome-
grass pastures in Lancaster County and on Sarpy County pasture. (Walstrom, June
20). SOUTH DAKOTA - M. femurrubrum populations in roadsides, mostly first instars,
noneconomic in Corson County. In eastern part of county, M. differentialis and

M. bivittatus averaged 20 per square yard 11 miles east of McLaughlin; nymphs up
to fourth instar. (Zimmerman). NORTH DAKOTA - Nymphs in roadside hatching sites

- 480 -

ranged up to 40 per square yard in Burleigh and Emmons Counties. Highest counts

in lighter soil areas in southern Burleigh County. Nymphs up to 20 per square

line in some fields. Development ranges first through fourth instar. M. bivittatus,
sanguinipes, M. differentialis and M. packardii dominant species in heavier

qareaeea areas. (Brandvik) . MINNESOTA - M. femurrubrum eggs continue to hatch, so

far only scattered infestations reported. Margin counts in oatfields ranging up

to 8 per square yard in McLeod and Renville Counties. Hatch occurred in roadside

ditches and movement into fields just starting. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - VERMONT - Defoliating ornamental crab apple,

fruit trees, grey birch, willow, white oaks, poplar, and some sugar maple.

(Nielsen, June eI). CONNECTICUT. - Larvae completely stripped trees in some areas;
many hillsides appear brown. About 99 percent of inquiries concerned this species.
(Savos). PENNSYLVANIA - First pupation observed in Monroe County. Several thousand
acres of defoliation observed in Pike, Monroe, and northern Berks Counties.
(Eckess). Expected to be worst year of record for this species in State. (PPD).

NEW JERSEY - Defoliation apparent in Monmouth and Ocean Counties, also in north-
central areas during period June 18-24. Pupation underway in these areas. NEW YORK -
Larvae defoliated trees in Ulster, Sullivan, and Orange Counties. (PPD).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - ALABAMA - First adult of season collected
in trap at Irondale, Te, Jefferson County, in previously infested area. (Green).
SOUTH CAROLINA - On’ elderberry in Pickens County. (Jackson). TENNESSEE - First
adults of season trapped in Hamby Valley, Monroe County, June 15. Using 48 traps
for 3-day period (June 15-17) collected 40,000 adults. (Stafford). Adults
observed June 21 in Carter County. (Miller et al.). KENTUCKY - Adults caused
moderate damage to corn in Bell County. (Barnett).

SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines) - TENNESSEE - Stunting of plants
observed in several soybean fields in west areas. (Gordon).

WESTERN GRAPELEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae found
on single property in Clovis, Fresno County, in area where pest originally found
in 1970. All previously infested blocks treated. Survey negative in rest of
quarantine area. Moth emergence underway in core area of known infestation at
Klamath River, Siskiyou County; first and second instars now present. Treatment
underway on wild grapes in known infested area. Due to late season, control
delayed. Infestation recorded and delimited late in 1970; did not receive full
treatment schedule. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

TULIPTREE SCALE (Toumeyella liriodendri) - CALIFORNIA - Infested tuliptree
detected June 10, 1971, in San Leandro, Alameda County, by G.H. Brady and K.
Meehan. Determined by R.F. Wilkey. Delimiting survey shows infested trees over
20-block area of city. Scale eradicated from San Jose, Santa Clara County, in
1969. Infestation in San Leandro only currently known infestation in State.
(Cal; Coop. Rpt...

- 481 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

New Western Hemisphere Record - Two specimens of a PIOPHILID FLY (Protopiophila

australis (Harrison collected on bones on beach at Kahana Bay, Oahu, in April

1971 by J. Tenorio. Previously known only from Australia and Fiji. Determined by
George Steyskal. (Hardy).

New State Record — A CHAMAEMYIID FLY (Leucopis ocellaris (Malloch)), a predator
of scale insects and mealybugs, collected preying on Dysmicoccus neobrevipes

(a mealybug) infesting fruit of Fiji fan palm (Pritchardia pacifica) in Honolulu,
Oahu, in April 1960, and preying on Nipaecoccus vastator (a mealybug) infesting
native cotton (Gossypium tomentosum) at Koko Head, Oahu, in September 1960 by
J.W. Beardsley. Distribution of L. ocellaris includes Alberta and. Manitoba,
Canada. Determined by J.F. McAlpine. (Hardy). This is also a new United States
record. (PPD).

General Vegetables - SPOTTED GARDEN SLUG (Limax maximus) light to moderate in 8
acres of head cabbage at Kula, Maui. Damaged mature heads, especially along
borders. (Hori). POTATO TUBERWORM (Phthorimaea operculella) larvae 8-9 per leaf
in 0.25 acre of eggplant at Pearl City, Oahu. (Kitagawa, Yamamoto). COWPEA APHID
(Aphis craccivora) heavy on long beans at Ewa and Kawailoa, Oahu. In Ewa, 80
percent of plants infested in 3 acres. Several Coelophora inaequalis (common
Austrialian lady beetle) observed. In Kawailoa, aphids heavy on beans and stems
in backyard planting. (Au, Rose).

Ornamentals - LITCHI FRUIT MOTH (Cryptophlebia ombrodelta) larvae heavy on 3

rainbow Shower trees (Cassia javanica x. fistula) at Kaneohe, Oahu; 90 percent
of shoots infested and apparently dying. (Funasaki).

DETECTION

New Western Hemisphere Record - A PIOPHILID FLY (Protopiophila australis
(Harrison)) HAWAII — Oahu Island. (p. 481).

New North American Record - AN ERIOPHYID MITE (Aculus comatus Keifer) OREGON -
Benton County. (p. 474).

New United States Record - A CHAMAEMYIID FLY (Leucopis ocellaris (Malloch) )
HAWAII — Oahu Island. (p. 481).

New County Records - ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) NORTH DAKOTA - Bureigh

(p. 470). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) VIRGINIA - Franklin; ILLINOIS -
Henry, Crawford, Scott, Jersey, Pike (p. 479). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) SOUTH
DAKOTA - Dewey (p. 478). A GRASSHOPPER (Dactylotum bicolor pictum) OKLAHOMA -
Garvin (p. 479). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) ARKANSAS — Hempstead (p. 468).
HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) KANSAS - Wabaunsee, Cloud, Saline; MISSOURI -
Cedar (p. 475). MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) IDAHO - Ada (p. 470).
NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyacionia frustrana) MISSOURI - Dunklin, Mississippi,
Scott, Stoddard (p. 476).

CORRECTIONS

CEIR 21(26) :458 - GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - PENNSYLVANIA - Delete first
sentence. Should read: "Feeding heavy in Berks, Monroe, and Pike Counties; most
larvae third and fourth instars; defoliation heavy. In Somerset County, 180 acres
of woodland treated. (Eckess)."' Remainder of statement unchanged. (PPD).

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

POSTAGE & FEES PAID
United States Department of Agriculture

0004 USENLINATA1L22 03001 0001
US ENTOMOLOGY LIBRARY DEPT
ENTOM NATIGNAL MUSEUM
WASHINGTON DC 20560

VOL. 21 No. 28 9/2 duly 9, 1971

Suis
G72
CH

Fait:

Cooperative

ECONOMIC INSECT
REPORT

BesSONia
, \
JUL 1 41971 )

KL 5 RABIES
Site Bh age

Issued by 14

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 GUL Ona KS) e/al Number 28

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

CORN LEAF APHID heavy on sorghum in Texas and Kansas. GREENBUG damage isolated
in Texas. (pp. 484-485).

ALFALFA WEEVIL damaged alfalfa in South Dakota, Utah, Michigan, and Vermont.
(p. 489).

REDBACKED CUTWORM damaged mint in Oregon. (p. 491).

Several DEFOLIATORS damaging in Pennsylvania: SPRUCE BUDWORM damaged hemlock on
40-square-mile area; larvae of a TORTRICID MOTH caused severe defoliation
throughout one million acres, with extensive tree mortality reported; defoliation
by OAK LEAFTIER heavy on oaks; FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR defoliation moderate to
heavy on various tree species. CONIFER SAWFLIES troublesome on pine in Florida
and Michigan. (pp. 493-494).

SCREWWORM reported for first time since 1961 in Arkansas. FACE FLY increased in
California, Utah, and Maryland. HORN FLY annoying cattle in several States.
(pp. 495-496).

GRASS BUGS damaged grasses in Washington, Utah, and Nebraska. (p. 497).

Detection

For new county and island records see page 500.

Special Reports

Distribution of Sweetclover Weevil. Map. (p. 502).

Reports in this issue are for week ending July 2 unless otherwise indicated.

- 483 -

- 484 -

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional Significance... cccocccreccccccesccsvvccesccessvetO0
Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........486 Sugar BGGUS\c aicieleiejcioleleteleloielelcleleleleletohe tone:
Small Grains... .ccccccvecodcececcees c458 | Miscellaneous) Hileld Crops... <<jceccstou
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland..........488 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.......491
Forage LegumeS....cccccccccceccese e409 Deciduous Fruits and NUtS. oss ccclsetoa
Peanuts ce sien naea cle niciec cnicisieclow ite c4 00" MOrnamen alll sreyaverelejeicioieleletetel «ie lel seo) fopePe tae:
CoOtEON cs o/c cts efereciosere ciel elec elvieidiciolevele 40 Om shores, and, ShAGe MUTT CeSic isis c1 <ieiel stolotstesies
TODACCOlsicinicretelelerere cieleloleveielslelcleretere(etelelat Man and Animals)... 2 ciaicle «6 cle cletelsleletse

Beneficial Insects scjeciciciciciels\sielelevcleleleleleverelelsisistelelcle lcleloleloietsioiclereteleleleleleioiole ial etekcketcReReTetent 200
Federal and State Plant Protection ProgramS..ccccoccccccesvcccccceccccescoves sot
Hawaid Ss InsectMReport acre cave «6 Se elelee «/cicleloleleiete cicicle © cveleielerele ole eleleleleleveleleiclele elcleteteteleteea
COTRECtUONS iors a cinyeo:cio oro 'o elnlo save eloloicleleleioleelelelevelelere cjeieleielevcfoieelcloveretareretecellereteletereRcmemenenies

Detectilomlecicce cise ccieiscleloieieletevelel olelelelclelelevelerelelciolcieleielele|elele|ererels) eel sfole/elelelolololeiohototsteletotertsee)
Licht elrap Collectionsicc ccleiscetelsiwiewlelelesiccreicicieiee sieve cielo clelelc olejevele olelel o\olololeletetRemeistar are
Distribution of Sweetclover Weevil. “Mapelccicc cls cc cece cco cle ccleie cic ole clelelelcleisieti DOE

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JUNE 4
»

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data
Service, NOAA.

HIGHLIGHTS: Weather last week was typical of late June and early July. Some
flood-producing thundershowers occurred in the central Great Plains. The Far
Southwest was hot and dry, the Southeast hot and humid early in the week but

cooled somewhat in latter half.

PRECIPITATION: Typical summer thunderstorms brought most of the rains last week,
On Monday, a cold front extended from Wisconsin to Nebraska. Heavy thunderstorms
occurred near, in advance of, and behind the front. A 5-inch rain fell at
Pipestone, Minnesota, Monday night and 6 inches fell at Jasper, Minnesota. Four
to 6.25 inches of rain caused extensive flooding in Asherton and Cotulla vicin-
ities in Texas, and Gonzales, Texas, about 60 miles east of San Antonio, received
about 8 inches of rain, More heavy thunder showers occurred Tuesday night in
Nebraska and Iowa. Hastings, Nebraska,received 3.25 inches and 3.36 inches fell
at Ft. Dodge, Iowa, in the 24-hour period ending at 7 a.m. Wednesday. By
Wednesday, the cold front extended from the Great Lakes to Texas. Showers and
thunderstorms occurred along the front. No precipitation or only widely
scattered light sprinkles fell in southern California, Arizona, and New Mexico.

A few severe thunderstorms occurred in the East. Early Thursday afternoon, a
thunderstorm in Roanoke, Virginia, vicinity was accompanied by winds gusting to

84 m.p.h.. Later in the afternoon, winds associated with a thunderstorm in the
Lancaster, Pennsylvania,vicinity approaching 60 m.p.h. overturned and damaged
aircraft. Most of the thunderstorms, however, were not severe but brought needed
rainshowers. Flood-producing thundershowers fell in parts of north-central Kansas
over the weekend. A station near Harlan, Kansas, received 6.75 inches Saturday.
Heavy showers fell in Kansas and other nearby States in the central Great Plains.
Generous weekend rains also fell in the Southeast. Some weekend totals in
Georgia and South Carolina approached or exceeded 3 inches. No rain or only
widely scattered light sprinkles fell in California, Arizona, and nearby portions
of neighboring States. Drought continued in western Texas.

TEMPERATURE: Hot, humid weather prevailed early in the week from the central
Great Plains to Pennsylvania and southward to the Gulf of Mexico. Bay City,
Michigan, registered 1039, Columbus, Ohio, 104° Monday afternoon. The showers
and thunderstorms brought slight relief to some vicinities. Cooler weather
For continuation of weather of the week and for 30-day forecast see page 500.

- 485 =

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - KENTUCKY - Larvae defoliated 3 percent of rice
plants in Wayne County; controls 95 percent effective. Larvae averaged one per
stalk of sorghum in Carlisle County. (Barnett). OHIO - Additional reports of
damage from Belmont, Champaign, and Harrison Counties. Most in last instar and
residing in whorls during day and moving to leaf tips during night. Newly emerged
moths appearing in blacklight traps June 25-28. (Blair et al.). MICHIGAN -
Collected 94 moths at Lenawee County station; 29 taken night of June 26, but non-
economic for area. Damage in corn very light, none observed in small grains in
Gladwin County. (Eiber). WISCONSIN - Scattered, light infestations reported on
corn in Green, Sheboygan, and Walworth Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). COLORADO -
Moths light in light traps in Weld County. (Urano, Hantsbarger).

ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - WISCONSIN - Numerous on sweet corn
planting in western Dane County June 30; averaged 6 per 10 sweeps of carrots in
southeastern Jefferson County. Increase probably due to ripening and heading out
of grain; dispersal into lettuce, onion, potato, and carrot increased. (Wis. Ins.
Sur.).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - MARYLAND - Adult activity increasing on Eastern
Shore. Blacklight trap counts for week ending June 29 averaged 4 per night in
Queen Annes and Dorchester Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). NORTH CAROLINA -
Second-generation eggs abundant on cornsilks in Bertie, Johnston, and Columbus
Counties. (Hunt). KANSAS - Second and third instars infesting 15 percent of
whorls of 50-inch corn in Riley County. (Bell). OKLAHOMA - Heavy in corn tassels
in Cotton and Lincoln Counties and light to moderate in Cleveland County. Ranged
1-3 per ear in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - WISCONSIN - Small colonies evident on
few tassels of early sweet corn in western Dane County. Most colonies contained
less than 5 individuals; only single aphids detected on many plants. (Wis. Ins.
Sur.). MISSOURI - Light (1-6 percent of plants with colonies) in 8 of 21 fields
in northeast area. (Munson). KANSAS - Occasionally heavy in sorghum in northeast
and east-central districts. Caused much reddening and some necrosis on 40 percent
of terminal leaves in one field in Nemaha County. Ranged by county (number of
fields per county in parentheses): Nemaha, 20-1,500+ (2); Washington, 100 (1);
Shawnee 25-800 (3); and Osage, 1,200 (1). (Bell). TEXAS - Infestations in grain
sorghum heavy in some areas of High Plains. Browning of leaf tips observed in
Crosby County. Moisture adequate and no economic damage observed. Moderate to
heavy in Knox County. (Rummel, Boring).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - WASHINGTON - Present on wheat in Klickitat,
Benton, Franklin, Adams, and parts of Yakima, Walla Walla, Whitman, and Lincoln
Counties; populations declining rapidly due to maturation of grain, parasites,
and predators, particularly syrphids and lacewings. Minor damage in few spring
wheatfields. Greenbugs appearing on giant wild rye, fescue, quackgrass and other
grasses. (Klostermeyer). COLORADO - Appearing in whorls of sorghum in Lamar area,
Prowers County. Ranged 15-25 per plant on 6 to 8-inch high sorghum. Heavy rain
past 7 days reduced numbers. (Hantsbarger, Hogan). NEW MEXICO - Light and spotty
in fields of corn and sorghum at Hatch, Dona Ana County. (Riddle). TEXAS -

Light to heavy with isolated damage in Robertson, Milam, and Falls Counties.
Greenbugs reported from Hays County with some spraying. In north-central areas
infestations remained fairly static. Beneficial insects increasing and keeping
greenbug populations static. Greenbug light to heavy in Navarro, Ellis, Kaufman,
Johnson, Collin, Hunt, and Fannin Counties. Light in Reeves, Pecos, Glasscock,
and Martin Counties. Heavy rains apparently reduced populations in Coyanosa area
of Pecos County. Remained light and scattered throughout South Plains. Some fields
in Lubbock and Bailey Counties have sufficient greenbugs to produce visible
honeydew. (Cole et al.). KANSAS - Counts per sorghum plant by county (number of
fields per county in parentheses): Nemaha 4-20 (20); Brown 5-20 (2); Washington

- 486 -

5 (1); Shawnee 2-200 (3); and Osage 5 (1). (Bell). NEBRASKA - Small colonies
developing on milo in Adams County. No visible damage in fields examined.
(Roselle, Berogan). Increasing in Lancaster and Gage Counties; caused no visible
damage; up to 50 percent of plants infested with 1-200 per plant. Most still in
whorls and not moved to lower leaf surfaces. (Staples, Cornelius). SOUTH DAKOTA -
Trace, less than 1 per 10 feet of row, near Tyndall, Bon Homme County, and less
than 5 per 10 feet of row near Wagner, Charles Mix County. Sorghum 12 inches

high in fields examined. (Fransen).

POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - WISCONSIN - Populations erratic in regrowth
alfalfa; counts per sweep ranged 1-2 in southwest to 8-10 in sandy soiled areas.
Populations expected to increase generally as remaining alfalfa cut. (Wis. Ins.
Sur.). MICHIGAN - Adults abundant around lights at night in East Lansing. Very
few nymphs seen in alfalfa, but alfalfa and bean growers should be alert. (Sauer).
KENTUCKY - Adults averaged 300 per 100 sweeps in red clover in Warren County.
(Barnett).

POTATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli) - WYOMING - Ranged O-1 per 100 sweeps in
2 untreated fields near La Grange; averaged 4 per 100 sweeps on Lycium sp. at
Torrington, Goshen County. Few nymphs present. None found in potato fields in
Laramie County. (Parshall).

TOBACCO BUDWORM (Heliothis virescens) - NORTH CAROLINA - First-generation larvae
damaged 3-5 percent of tobacco plants in 10 fields in Person area of Granville
County. Second-generation eggs appearing. (Hunt). MARYLAND - Adults laying eggs in
St. Marys, Calvert, and Charles Counties. Infestations averaged less than 1
percent in these counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

TOBACCO HORNWORM (Manduca sexta) - NORTH CAROLINA - First-generation third and
fourth-stage larvae (1 per 100 plants) appearing on tobacco in northern counties.
Based on 50 plants in 16 fields, damage ranged 2-10 percent. (Hunt). KENTUCKY -
Light infestation reported from western areas. (Barnett). MARYLAND - Adults laying
eggs in Charles, Anne Arundel, St. Marys, and Prince Georges Counties. No larval
damage yet. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

TOMATO HORNWORM (Manduca quinquemaculata) - OKLAHOMA - Damage moderate to home
garden tomatoes in eastern Payne County. Occasional M. sexta (tobacco hornworm)

on tomatoes at Perkins, Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TENNESSEE - Observed M.
quinquemaculata in all tobacco fields surveyed in central and eastern areas, light
to date; controls should be applied. (Pless).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NORTH CAROLINA - Spot checks in 10
fields of corn in Granville area, Person County, indicate infestation 2-50 percent.
Infestation 10 percent in most fields; appears restricted to 4-foot corn. (Hunt).
TENNESSEE - First to third instars observed in whorls and tunneling stalks in corn
throughout central and eastern areas. (Pless). KENTUCKY - First and second instars
infested 60-75 percent of corn in Todd, Union, and Crittenden Counties, 15 percent
in Warren County; one location in Warren County had 50 percent infestation with
2-3 borers per plant. (Barnett). MARYLAND - Infestations ranged 5-60 percent in
earliest planted corn in Wicomico, Worcester, Dorchester, and Talbot Counties.
Heaviest infestations west of Chesapeake Bay ranged 10-40 percent in early corn.
Pupation of first-generation borers noted in Somerset and Worcester Counties.

(U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ILLINOIS - Percent plants showing whorl feeding by district:
Northwest 16.8, northeast 5.9, west 20.7, east 2.8, east-southeast 20.7, southeast
13. Average number of larvae per plant by district: Northwest 1, northeast 0.4,
west 0.3, east 0.7, east-southeast 1.7, southeast 1.4. (Ill. Ins. Sur.).

WISCONSIN - Larval feeding variable. Most damage on early sweet corn in tassel
stage; 50 percent of plants infested with up to 4 larvae per plant in some fields.
Infestation averaged 20 percent in early field corn; 8 percent or less in later

- 487 —-

field and sweet corn. Most Ostrinia nubilalis larvae first instar, many second
instars present. Few fifth-stage larvae detected in extreme southern Rock County.
Blacklight trap catches indicate peak moth flight occurred June 23-26 except in
extreme eastern and northeastern counties. Current warm temperatures favorable
for moth activity but collections declined indicating significant flights ended.
(Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Infestations variable but enough heavily infested
fields found to signal possible serious problem. Economic level reached when
50-75 percent of plants infested. Heavy in scattered fields throughout southwest
district. Number of borers per 100 plants averaged 87 for district. Counts ranged
up to 634 per 100 plants in some fields. Surveys in south-central district showed
similar situation. Borers per 100 plants average 106 for district. Light in east-
central district, borers per 100 plants averaged 56. Only egg masses found in
west-central district. Moth emergence probably peaked. Limited checks in southwest
and central districts showed over 90 percent emerged. Moths light in blacklight
traps but numerous in fields. Egg laying not as high as expected. Heavy rains and
wind during nights may account for light egg laying. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). SOUTH
DAKOTA - Surveys on June 27 indicated adult emergence and egg laying in corn-
fields as far north as Flandreau, central Moody County, and egg hatch common as
far north as Dell Rapids, northern Minnehaha County. Economic damage continued in
southeastern counties. Percent infestation 100 in Clay, Union, and Yankton
Counties on taller corn, and from 80 in northern Minnehaha County to 50 in Moody
County. To date, several thousand acres treated in southeastern counties, primarily
with granules. (Kantack, Jones). Eggs and first instars in northern Moody County
and southern Brookings County. (Jones). Larvae 3-15 per plant in 40 acres of
grain sorghum 24 to 30-inches tall near Yankton, Yankton County. (Miller).

IOWA - Surveys of tallest corn for O. nubilalis in 6 southwest counties; leaf
feeding in top 3 leaves considered "infested. Percent infestation averaged 49.6
(ranged 12-96); borers per 100 plants averaged 211.6 (ranged 24-700). At one
location in Pottawatomie County, 70-inch corn showed 60 percent infestation.
Infestation averaged 48.75 percent in field in Webster County. Larvae had not
bored into stalks by July 1 in southwest area. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA -
Controls still underway in east, northeast, and southeast districts. In some
cases, controls being applied too late, as many borers boring into stalks.
Averaged 30-40 phone calls per day for past 14 days. Few scattered reports of
infestations in grain sorghum. (Keith). In Adams County, averaged 38 percent
infested; corn 40 to 50-inches tall. (Berogan, Roselle). MISSOURI - Ranged 16-100
percent of corn plants infested with 2-5 borers per plant in 21 northeast area
fields. Mostly third and fourth instars. Pupae observed in early planted fields.
(Munson). KANSAS - Up to 80 percent of corn plants in early planted fields
infested with second and third instars in Republic and Brown Counties. From 5-15
percent of larvae bored into stalks. Most larvae boring into mid-veins of leaves
near collars. Percent of plants infested ranged by county (fields per county in
parentheses): Douglass 6-18 (3); Brown 15-80 (4); Nemaha 25-30 (2); Republic
50-80 (4). (Bell). COLORADO - Adults less than 1 per night in blacklight traps in
Sussex County. First pupa of first brood observed on June 30 in sweet corn at
Bridgeville. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz).

BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - COLORADO - Adults appearing in small numbers in
light traps in Weld County. (Urano, Hantsbarger). ARKANSAS - Damaged few sorghum
fields in Randolph County. (Boyer). MARYLAND - Second to forth instars damaged 30
percent of 28-acre stand of corn near Kennedyville, Kent County. Controls applied.
(U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) — NEW JERSEY - Very few larvae of D. longicornis
(northern corn rootworm) found feeding on corn roots in experimental plots at
Bloomsbury, Hunterdon County. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). MINNESOTA - Diabrotica spp.
egg hatch not reported in southern half of State. Larvae heavy only in Wright
County in one field west of Delano and another east of Buffalo. Former had 15-20
larvae per plant, latter 8 per plant. Sixty percent in first instar, 35 percent

in second and 5 percent in third. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). IOWA — Percent development of

- 488 -

Diabrotica virgifera (western corn rootworm) 50 in second and 50 in third
instars in Pottawattomie County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Last instars of
Diabrotica spp. feeding in corn roots at Mead, Saunders County. Pupation
underway and adult emergence expected next week. (Munson et al.). Reports of
lodged corn from Kearney and York Counties. (Keith). MISSOURI - First adult
D. virgifera of season observed in Barton County on June 24. (Keaster).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - TEXAS - Activity reported throughout
south-central area. Heavy in fields with uneven stands and with plants blooming
at different times. Light to heavy in scattered fields in Brazos and Robertson
Counties. Infestations noted in Collin, Hunt, and Fannin Counties. Infestations
light but expected to increase soon, (Cole et al.). ARKANSAS - Remains light in
blooming sorghum in Lafayette County. Numbers below economic level and no treat-
ment needed at this time. (Boyer).

CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus leucopterus) - ARKANSAS - Destroyed 33 percent

of 10 acres of sorghum in Clay County. (Boyer). KANSAS - Heavy populations killing
young sorghum plants along field borders in Saline County, treating underway;
averaged 25 per plant in first 40-50 border rows in some fields. Heavy in sorghum
in Marion County. (Bell).

SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) - ALABAMA - Heavy in many corn fields
in Baldwin County. Yields in more heavily infested fields expected to be reduced
by about 20 bushels per acre. Some controls applied. Heavy numbers resulted from
heavy carryover of adults through mild winter and large acreage of wheat and
clovers for early season buildup. Presents potential threat to soybeans, okra,
peas, and pecans in southwest counties. (Turner).

A LEAF BEETLE (Colaspis flavida) -— TENNESSEE - Moderate and damaged corn in
Madison County. Some Stalks dying. Unusual in that field planted in corn in 1970
and damage usually occurs in fields planted in row crops following lespedeza.
(White).

SMALL GRAINS

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - TEXAS - Light to moderate in grain sorghum
in Pecos, Reeves, Martin, and Glasscock Counties. (Neeb).

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - TEXAS - Light on Johnson grass around
margins of grain sorghum, forage sorghum, and cornfields in Reeves and Pecos
Counties. Only detected on sorghum and corn. Numbers very low with only 10
percent of bottom 3 leaves with 10-15 eggs per leaf. Light on corn in El Paso
County. (Neeb).

ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - WISCONSIN - Populations continue to be
very low in all areas sampled; very Scarce in Marathon and Clark Counties. Highest
populations (about 10 per sweep) noted in Walworth and Kenosha Counties. (Wis.
Ins. Sur.).

GRASS THRIPS (Anaphothrips obscurus) - OHIO - Damage light on about 12 acres of
oats in Wayne County on June 29. About 1 percent of grain heads showing chlorosis.
(Lytle, Rings).

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

A SCARAB (Phyllophaga fimbripes) - COLORADO - Caused considerable damage to
rangelands in Bent County. One area of 2,000 acres involved. (Hantsbarger,
Kotich).

SOUTHERN CHINCH BUG (Blissus insularis) - TEXAS - Heavy on St. Augustine lawns
in Lee and Brazos Counties. (Spivey, Green).

- 489 -

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - NEVADA - Larvae ranged up to 60 per sweep in
several alfalfa hay and seed fields in Lovelock area, Pershing County, controls
applied. Infestations spotted. (Stitt). Adults and larvae averaged 2-3 per sweep
on 500 acres of seed alfalfa at Kings River Valley, Humboldt County. (Peters).
UTAH - Damage heavy to first crop alfalfa in Sanpete County. Much control applied.
(Judd). Damage moderate in Duchesne County. (Hunsake). NEW MEXICO - Adults 2-5 and
larvae 15-22 per 25 sweeps of alfalfa at Bloomfield, San Juan County. Damage

light and controls applied. (Heninger, Campbell). WYOMING - Counts 3-20 per 10
sweeps in second cutting alfalfa in Laramie, Gosheny,yand Platte Counties. Pupation
50-90 percent. (Parshall). SOUTH DAKOTA - Caused economic damage to 80 acres of
320-acre planting of alfalfa south of Draper in Jones County. Alfalfa cut

and stacked. Furthest east that heavy infestation known to occur in State. (Jones,
Edwards). WISCONSIN - Few second to fourth instars still in alfalfa; averaged 1
per Sweep in some second-growth fields in Grand County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

MICHIGAN - Injury severe in volunteer alfalfa in Gladwin County. Most damage
avoided by cutting alfalfa at proper time. (Sauer). VERMONT - Severe in many
areas, particularly on second cut alfalfa. Some areas averaged 25 per sweep.
(Nielsen, June 29).

LESSER CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera nigrirostris) - WISCONSIN - Adults emerging,
common in alfalfa and clover mixes in Taylor and Clark Counties. Counts ranged
up to 5 per 50 sweeps. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - ARIZONA - Larvae 30 per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa in Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - First instars 0-3 per
25 sweeps of alfalfa in southern Dona Ana County. (Riddle).

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Larvae per 100 sweeps of alfalfa
in Yuma County: 10 on Yuma MeSa and 20 in Yuma Valley. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).
TEXAS - Moderate to heavy on alfalfa in Martin County. (Neeb).

LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Count per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in Yuma
County: 350 in Gila Valley, 520 in Yuma Valley, 600 on Yuma Mesa. (Ariz. Coop.
Sur.). NEW MEXICO -— Ranged 25-100 per 25 sweeps at Farmington, San Juan County,
and 0-3 per 25 sweeps in Salem, Dona Ana County. (Riddle, Heninger). WYOMING -
Adults and nymphs ranged 3-11 per 10 sweeps in second-cutting alfalfa in
Laramie, Goshen, and Platte Counties. (Parshall).

GRASSHOPPERS - OHIO - Melanoplus spp. increasing in southern alfalfa fields.
(Flessel). KENTUCKY - Grasshopper nymphs and adults averaged 930 per 100 sweeps
of mixed clover and vetch and 180 in red clover in Warren County. (Barnett).
WISCONSIN - M. sanguinipes adults detected along margins of alfalfa and corn
fields in Waushara and Clark Counties. M. bivittatus nymphs in last instar and
common in some alfalfa in north-central region. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

ALFALFA PLANT BUG (Adelphocoris lineolatus) - WISCONSIN - Nymphs ranged 1-6 and
adults 0-2 per sweep in Southwest. Adults predominate, averaged about 20 per
Sweep in western Dane County, ranged 10-30 per sweep in Marathon, Lincoln,
Taylor, and Clark Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA -Counts per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Yuma County: 50 in Yuma Valley, 60 on Yuma Mesa. (Ariz.
Coop. Sur).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WYOMING - Ranged 10-75 per 10 sweeps in second
cutting alfalfa in Laramie, Goshen, and Platte Counties. (Parshall).

- 490 -

PEANUTS

A BURROWING STINK BUG (Pangaeus bilineatus) - TEXAS - Increasing in Frio County.
Numerous fields treated. (Cole).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties,
punctured squares averaged 1.8 (maximum 20.5) percent in 72 treated fields;
averaged 5.7 (maximum 14.8) percent in 17 untreated fields. (Cowan et al.). For
Boll Weevil in High Plains area see page 497. (PPD). ARKANSAS - Still increasing
in extreme southwest areas. (Boyer). Total of 6,105 fields checked; 913 infested,
23 heavy enough for control. (Barnes et al.). MISSISSIPPI - In delta counties,
punctured squares in 9 of 14 fields, averaged 1.8 percent. Weevils taken in
pheromone baited wing traps: 1 in Washington County and 11 in Bolivar County.
(Pfrimmer et al.). Emergence of overwintered weevils appears complete. Percent
infestation by counties follows: Monroe 1, Tishomingo 2, Rankin 10, Hinds 2.
Cotton with 3-4 squares per plant. (Sartor). ALABAMA - Egg laying and feeding in
squares increased in southern and central areas. Punctured square counts ranged
13-50 (average 40) percent. First “hatchout" expected to be very heavy in
western part of State. Only overwintered weevils present in north areas; percent
of punctured squares unchanged, 0-15 in Talladega and Colbert Counties. However,
most fields not fully fruited. Counts light in many other northern counties.
Should continue light generally until emergence of first-generation weevils
about July 10-15. Weather favorable for survival of larvae and pupae in all
areas. (McQueen). GEORGIA - Overwintered weevils per acre on presquaring and
early squaring cotton period ending June 26 by county: 200-300 Tift, 10-12
Burke (Canerday); 300 Terrell (1 field). Punctured squares ranged 3-36 percent
in 16 southern fields, Ranged 0-16 per grandlure trap during week of June 14-21
in Randolph County. (Womack). Currently light to heavy in southern areas. (French).
TENNESSEE - All overwintered weevils out of hibernation. Surveys indicated
general infestation in regularly infested portion of cotton-growing area. Square
counts not feasible due to scarcity of Squares in older cotton. Punctured squares
found in all older cotton in southern tier of counties. (Locke).

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - ARIZONA - H. zea larvae found in every field at
Parker Valley. Situation watched. One field treated at Yuma and larvae found in
few terminals and on lower parts of plants in other fields in Yuma County. (Ariz.
Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties, eggs averaged 1.5 (maximum
8.2) and larvae 0.6 (maximum 4.5) per 100 terminals in 73 treated fields; in 16
untreated fields, eggs averaged 1.2 (maximum 2.3) and larvae 0.1 (maximum 0,5).
Of 238 larvae collected from cotton and identified,117 H. virescens. (Cowan et
al.). ARKANSAS - Moths taken on sugarline (0.5 mile long) by county: Lonoke 137
(H. zea 117, H. virescens 20), Phillips none. (Boyer). Of 6,105 fields surveyed,
total of 1,314 infested. (Barnes et al.). TENNESSEE - Few H. zea eggs found in
terminal buds. Some small square damage noted but below control levels. (Locke).
GEORGIA - Egg laying and damage light in Tift County; eggs 8-10 and larvae 2 per
100 terminals in Burke County (Canerday); egg laying light in southern areas.
(Womack). ALABAMA - Egg and larval counts continue low over State. Beneficial
insects very effective in keeping population below economic levels, (McQueen).
MISSISSIPPI - In delta counties, eggs in 4 of 14 fields; maximum 2.5 per 100
terminals. No larvae in terminals. Injured squares in 13 of 14 fields, averaged
4.8 percent. (Pfrimmer et al.). Egg oviposition light in delta and southern
regions. (Sartor).

TOBACCO
BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - MARYLAND - Third instars damaged 25 percent of

10-acre stand of newly transplanted tobacco near Huntingtown, Calvert County.
Controls applied. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

= 497 —

STALK BORER (Papaipema nebris) - KENTUCKY - Spotted infestation on tobacco in
Christian County, damage 5-10 percent. (Barnett).

TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - KENTUCKY - Adults damaged tobacco
in Boone County. No problem in Wayne County where heavy population present
earlier. (Barnett).

SUGAR BEETS

SUGARBEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - NORTH DAKOTA - Egg hatch light
(most eggs nonviable, apparently drying up) and maggots feeding on new beets
in Pembina, Walsh, Grand Forks, and Traill Counties. Damage light (less than 1
percent) in these counties except for localized spots near Forest River where
up to 30 maggots per beet root found. In Cass County near Kindred, stunted and
wilted plants with 1-6 maggots per root found in single field; damage evident
in 1 percent of plants. In distribution survey in Grand Forks and Traill Coun-
ties, adults, eggs, or maggots present in all fields surveyed except 3 fields
in southern Traill County. (Kaatz, Brandvik). MINNESOTA - Surveys in Wilkin
County, at least in northern half, showed adults trace. In Clay County, no new
areas infested. Adults and eggs noted in light soil areas and no egg hatch.

No adults noted in heavy soils of Norman and western Polk Counties. (Minn. Pest

WOES) 6

SPINACH LEAFMINER (Pegomyia hyoscyami) - WYOMING - Damage about ended in Goshen,
Platte, and Laramie Counties. Larval infested leaves ranged 0-40 percent per
plant. (Parshall).

BEET WEBWORM (Loxostege sticticallis) - WYOMING - Eggs, larvae, and adults
present in sugarbeets in Goshen, Platte, and Laramie Counties. Larvae ranged
0-3 per plant. No damage to date. (Parshall).

MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS

REDBACKED CUTWORM (Euxoa ochrogaster) - OREGON - Larvae destroyed 345 acres of
500-acre mint planting near Culver, Jefferson County. Damage first noted in late
May. Many plants cut off twice. Damage to infested acreage enhanced by severe
windstorm.. Current survey revealed extensive areas, especially those of higher
relief within field, still barren. Mint appears to be recovering over most of
field. Population mostly pupae with adults just appearing. Controls applied 3
times. Sprays proved ineffective but bait applications effective. (Westcott,
Wheeler).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - UTAH - Still major problem
on potatoes in northern areas. (Knowlton, Olson). COLORADO - Appearing in Weld
County. Larvae up to 20 per plant in one field. (Hantsbarger).

TUBER FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix tuberis) - OREGON - Previous predictions of population
buildup in western areas appear to be substantiated on basis of number of reports
of damage received. Additional infestations reported; commercial potato planting
in Multnomah County, and backyard garden tomato plantings in Philomath area,
Benton County. (Crowell, Westcott).

APHIDS - MAINE - Numbers on 1,200 plants in Aroostook County: Aphis nasturtii
(buckthorn aphid) 218, Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) 9, Macrosiphum
euphorbiae (potato aphid) 449, Acyrthosiphon solani (foxglove aphid) 4. (Kimball).
NEW JERSEY - Myzus persicae building up on eggplant, pepper, potato, and tomato
throughout State. Continuation of recommended controls advised. Below normal
rainfall will tend to magnify situation. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.).

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DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - MICHIGAN - Occasional moths still taken

in phermone traps throughout State. Peak emergence apparently reached June 7 in
southern half of State, about 14 days later in northern area. Little evidence

of fruit "stings." (Thompson). WISCONSIN - Egg laying begun in Door County. (Wis.
Ins). Sur).

APHIDS - NEW MEXICO - Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) medium to heavy, severely
curled foliage of peach trees at Farmington, San Juan County. (Heninger).

ALABAMA - Eriosoma lanigerum (woolly apple aphid) heavy on root systems in 9
commercial apple orchards totaling 250+ acres in Tallapoosa, Coosa, Elmore, and
Chambers Counties; 80 percent or more trees of standard root stock and East
Malling VII root stock affected. Some colonies developing on new sucker shoots,
Trees born on more resistant Malling Merton 106 root stock in these orchards had
only very light infestations. (Crocker et al.). MAINE - Aphis pomi (apple aphid)
infesting new terminal growth of apples; problems expected. (Wave).

PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - OREGON - Reappearing in tops of trees in
commerical pear orchards in Medford area, Jackson County. (Berry). UTAH -
Damaging pear foliage in orchard at Roy, Weber County. (Davis). MICHIGAN - Most
of second-generation population new nymphs throughout southern area. (Sauer).

CHERRY FRUIT FLIES (Rhagoletis spp.) - OREGON - R. indifferens counts indicate
peak adult emergence occurred in Salem area, Marion County. First adults (3)
emerged June 19, counts continued to increase past 14 days. Highest count (262)
found June 30. (Rassmussen). MICHIGAN - R. fausta (black cherry fruit fly)

adults emerged in Benzie County June 13; controls recommended to begin on or
before June 28; 5-7 days later in northern Grand Traverse area. Fly activity
decreased in southern counties due to very dry weather and hard ground. First

R. cingulata (cherry fruit fly) adults emerged June 18 in Benzie County. (Sauer).
First R, cingulata larvae collected June 24 in Berrien County. Adult taken July 1
on sticky-can trap near infested tree. Larvae recovered from cherry sample
collected June 29 in Kent County. (Hanna).

APPLE MAGGOT (Rhagoletis pomonella) - WISCONSIN - First adult of season detected
June 25 in Outagamie County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - Emergence decreased
sharply in southwest area due to dry soil condition. New flush of flies and egg
laying expected in areas receiving rain June 30. In Grand Rapids area, 3 flies
taken on traps June 26-29, Control should begin on or before July 8. No flies
yet trapped in northern orchards. (Sauer).

SPIDER MITES - IOWA - Tetranychus urticae (twospotted spider mite) eggs, nymphs,
and adults infesting 2 of 100 leaves examined in well-managed apple orchard in
Pottawattamie County July 1. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). MISSOURI - Panonychus ulmi
(European red mite) building up in apple orchards in central area; no predaceous
mites found. (Craig). SOUTH CAROLINA - T. urticae 2 weeks late in leaving over-
wintering hosts but heavy infestations now appearing on apples in mountains.
(Nettles).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy on pecan trees in Pontotoc
County, moderate in Murray and Bryan Counties, and light in Atoka County. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.). ,

PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - OKLAHOMA - Damage by first generation
ranged 2-25 percent in Marshall County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

PECAN SPITTLEBUG (Clastoptera achatina) - ALABAMA - Nymphs in spittle masses
heavy and widespread on pecan throughout Mobile County. One or more on large
number of shoots and nut clusters. (Deakle).

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ORNAMENTALS

BRONZE BIRCH BORER (Agrilus anxius) - OREGON - Continues to cause severe problems
at Pendleton, Umatilla County. Ornamental cut-leaf birch about 80-90 percent
infested in Montee and Sherwood Heights area; homeowners extremely concerned.
(Westcott).

HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) - MISSOURI - Adults collected at
Versailles, Morgan County, June 29, 1971, by J.E. Francka. This is a new county
record. (Munson). KANSAS - Adults on hollyhock in nurseries in Lyon, Osage,
Chase, and Marion Counties. Determinations by K.O. Bell and W. Iselin. These
are new county records. (Bell). NEVADA - Adults collected on hollyhock at
Austin, Lander County. This is a new county record. (Bechtel, Martinelli).

NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyacionia frustrana) - KANSAS - Heavy in terminals of
ponderosa and Scotch pines in nursery in Lyon County, mostly late instars; 30
percent pupation. (Bell).

SPIDER MITES - MARYLAND - Oligonychus ununguis (spruce spider mite) continues

to damage and kill spruce and hemlock in Harford, Baltimore, and Prince Georges
Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). NEVADA - Unspecified species heavy on ornamental
conifers at Yerington, Lyon County. (Batchelder).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

SPRUCE BUDWORM (Choristoneura fumiferana) - PENNSYLVANIA - Severely damaging
hemlock in parts of Union, Centre, Lycoming, Luzerne, Schuylkill, Monroe,
Clearfield, Cameron, and Elk Counties. Worst damage in Driftwood and
Sinnemahoning area of Cameron County and on Union and Centre County line near
Woodward where 40 square miles or more of hemlock turned brown. Infested white
spruce plantation north of Johnsonburg, Elk County... Pest now in pupal and adult
stages. First discovered on hemlock in Carbon County in 1969. (Nichols, June 24).

PINE TUSSOCK MOTH (Dasychira plagiata) - MINNESOTA - Mostly in fifth and sixth
instars; pupation began about June 28. Caused moderate to heavy defoliation in
east-central areas. Approximately 1,000 acres of jack pine sprayed June 29-30.
(Minn. Pest Rpt.).

PINE COLASPIS (Colaspis pini) - FLORIDA - Adults found defoliating much
acreage of slash pine (Pinus elliottii densa), in northern Glades and southern
Highlands Counties June 24, (Chellman, Wilkinson); adults still active in area
July 1. (Wilkinson) .

YELLOWHEADED SPRUCE SAWFLY (Pikonema alaskensis) - NORTH DAKOTA - Larvae
damaged spruce near Walhalla, Pembina County. Up to 100 percent of needles
damaged on 10 percent of trees. Larvae ranged up to 7 per growing tip. Some
damage also reported in Rolette County. (Brandvik et. al.).

CONIFER SAWFLIES (Neodiprion spp.) - MICHIGAN - In N. pratti banksianae (jack
pine sawfly) outbreak area of Schoolcraft County, sapling and pole-size jack
pines in open stands completely stripped of old needles. Larvae in third and
fourth instars. (Johnson). Also very common in Manistee County. (Eiber). FLORIDA -
N. merkeli (slash pine sawfly) fourth and fifth instars completely defoliated
400 acres of 1,500-acre plantation of 6-year-old slash pine in Glades County by
June 24; fifth and sixth instars and some prepupae observed at same location
July 1, with about 50 percent of larvae apparently infected with a virus. Second
instars of N. lecontei (redheaded pine sawfly) moderate in 100 acres of 6 to
8-year-old northern Slash pine (Pinus e. elliottii) on plantation in Glades
County by June 24. Third and fourth instars taken at same location July 1; virus
introduced from Canada for possible control. Larvae moderate in 50 acres of
8-year-old longleaf pine (P. palustris) on plantation in Taylor County June 30.

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Third and fourth instars of N. excitans noted infesting 200 acres of 8-year-old
loblolly pine plantation (P. taeda) in Taylor County June 30. (Wilkinson).

A NOTODONTID MOTH (Symmerista canicosta) - MICHIGAN - Most eggs still unhatched,
but young larvae feeding gregariously on upper and lower leaf surfaces of white
and red oaks. Eggs average 1.9 masses per leaf; highest counts 7.5 masses per
leaf in Hardy Dam area of Newaygo County. All surveys indicate very heavy
population this year; infestation may spread. Currently limited south of line
from Manistee to Brethren, across Red Bridge to U.S. Highway 37 to Bristol to
U.S. Highway 131 south. (Eiber, Wallner).

ASPEN BLOTCHMINER (Lithocolletis tremuloidiella) - MICHIGAN - Very heavy again
this year on aspen in western half of Upper Penninsula; ranged 7-24 mines per
leaf. (Sauer).

LINDEN LOOPER (Erannis tiliaria) - NORTH DAKOTA - This pest and cankerworms
completely defoliated Siberian elm shelterbelts in Walhalla area of Pembina
County. Larvae completed feeding; most have pupated. (Brandvik et. al.).

A TORTRICID MOTH (Archips semiferanus) - PENNSYLVANIA - Larvae, 500 per 30-inch
branch sample, infested one million acres in north-central counties; defoliation
severe. Complete stripping of foliage observed in southern Elk, northern Clear-
field (Quehanna area), Clinton, northern Cameron, southern Potter, western
Lycoming, and western Centre Counties. Extensive tree mortality reported fall
1970 on 162,000 acres; continued over winter. Many red oaks on several thousand
acres in southern Potter County, as well as white and chestnut oaks, have now
been defoliated twice and tree mortality will be evident in late summer. On Pine
Creek Plateau in western Lycoming and eastern Clinton Counties, where outbreak
originated in 1967, natural controls finally becoming effective (after most of
forest destroyed); larvae diseased and Coccinella novemnotata (a lady beetle)
very abundant and feeding on larvae. Control program completed on 2,200 acres

at Black Moshannon State Park June 1-3; insect mortality generally 99 percent;
also equally effective on Croesia semipurpurana (oak leaftier) and A,
argyrospilus (fruittree leafroller). (Nichols). =

OAK LEAFTIER (Croesia albicomana) - PENNSYLVANIA - Defoliation heavy on pin oak
in French Creek State Park, Berks County, and on red, scarlet, and black oaks in
Pine Grove Furnace State Park, Cumberland County, where infestation extended
northward to Mt. Holly Springs; several other counties also affected. (Nichols,
June 24).

FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - PENNSYLVANIA - Defoliation
moderate to heavy on sugar maple, red oak group, black cherry, aspen, and other
species in parts of Somerset, Bedford, Westmoreland, Blair, Cambria, Indiana,
and Clearfield Counties. Outbreak largely subsided in southern Somerset and
Bedford Counties where originated in 1968; decline due largely to polyhedral
virus; parasitic sarcophagid flies building up in Several other areas. New areas
north of Somerset County becoming infested with M. disstria; spraying program

on 1,700 acres in Prince Gallitzin State Park, Cambria County, prevented heavy
defoliation, but control spotty. Larval and foliage development much delayed this
year by cold weather. (Nichols). Larvae pupating June 23 in Somerset County.
(Cameron). NORTH DAKOTA - Larvae about full grown with some pupation in infested
area near Fort Totten, Benson County. Defoliation light but more widespread than
last year; 1971 is fourth year of defoliation. Parasites and diseases reduced
populations this season, (Brandvik).

OAK LEAF SKELETONIZER (Bucculatrix ainsliella) - RHODE ISLAND - Second and third
ee heavy throughout State. Second generation may be very heavy. (Relli,
Field).

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ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - UTAH - Damage moderate in parts of Duchesne
and Uintah Counties. (HunSaker). More evident in Salt Lake County. (Knowlton).
NEW MEXICO - Majority of Siberian elms show medium to heavy infestations and
extensive damage in all areas of San Juan County. (Heninger). MAINE - Damage
primarily moderate in southern, western, and central areas. (Gall).

A PHYLLOXERA (Phylloxera caryaecaulis) - OHIO - Found for first time in Marion,
Stark, and Trumbull Counties. (Miller).

MAPLE BLADDERGALL MITE (Vasates quadripedes) - OHIO - Collected for first time in
Montgomery and Stark Counties. (Miller).

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 4 cases reported in U.S. June 27 -
July 3, 1971: TEXAS - Starr, Val Verde, Bowie; ARKANSAS - Miller. This is first
case reported in Arkansas since 1961. Total of 107 laboratory-confirmed cases
reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Sonora 4,
Chihuahua 24, Coahuila 9, Nuevo Leon 2, Tamaulipas 68. Total of 35 cases reported
in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation
underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile
screwworm flies released: Texas 51,178,000; Arkansas 1,390,000; Arizona
3,310,000; Oklahoma 80,000; Mexico 83,634,00Qes (Anim. Health Div.).

CATTLE GRUBS (Hypoderma spp.) - UTAH - Adult annoyance to cattle severe in
Richmond area of Cache County. (Thornley). Cattle running near Collinston, Box
Elder County; annoyance general in other counties. (Knowlton).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - CALIFORNIA - In Indian Valley, Plumas County,
and Sierra Valley, Sierra County, increased from 7-15 per face up to 50 per
face. In Lake, Mendocino, and Sonoma Counties, populations decreased abruptly
during and following warm weather early in June, Currently, populations
increasing rapidly. Rain on June 26 may result in heavy populations in early
July. Males and females collected from livestock June 1 in Placer County by
J. Henderson. Determined by M. Wasbauer. Specimens taken June 2 in Santa Cruz
County. These are new county records. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). UTAH - Annoyance
increasing, especially to horses, in Weber and Cache Counties. (Knowlton).
SOUTH DAKOTA - Adults 5-8 per eye on horses near Irene, northern Clay County.
Averaged 20 per head on untreated cattle in northern Moody County. (Kantack,
Balsbaugh). IOWA - Ranged 5-30 (average 14.8) per face on untreated cattle
herd in Story County June 30. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). WISCONSIN - Problems moderate
in most counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MARYLAND - Adults at annoyance levels in
most areas in Baltimore, Howard, Carroll, Frederick, and Montgomery Counties.
Heaviest counts ranged 30-40 per head on cattle and horses. Control necessary
on all herds in central counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

MOSQUITOES - UTAH - Very troublesome in many parts of Cache and Rich Counties
(Roberts, Knowlton), in upper Skull Valley of Tooele County, southern Curlew
Valley of Box Elder County, and Bluff area of San Juan County (Knowlton), and
in much of Uintah and Duchesne Counties (Hunsaker). WYOMING - Populations still
heavy and annoying along Laramie River, Albany County. (Parshall). MINNESOTA -
Larval collections totaled 306 during week ending June 26, Aedes vexans found
in 69 percent, Culex tarsalis in 4.2. Light trap catches week ending June 25
declined to 12,395 mosquitoes; A. vexans 79.1 percent and Coquillettidia
perturbans 6.6 percent of total. Latter species will peak about July 10-12.
Aedes spp. in 26 fifteen-minute evening and 227 five-minute daytime bite
collections mainly A. vexans. Heavy rains in Minneapolis and St. Paul area

June 28-29 produced general hatch of A, vexans in runoff areas. Effects of this
brood will be noted about July 8-10. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Biting
severely annoying to cattle and man in several localities. Localized problems
reported in Calumet, Columbia, Chippewa, Winnebago, Waushara, Waupaca, and

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Vilas Counties. Biting severe at midday in woodlands in Pine Island Wildlife
area west of Portage, Columbia County. Collections of females at Pine Island
indicated 84 percent of biters Aedes cinereus and 16 percent A. stimulans.
(Wis. Ins. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Psorophora confinnis counts increasing in most
rice producing areas of State; average about 600 per light trap per night in
Lonoke County. (Boyer).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - NORTH DAKOTA - Adults ranged 15-20 per animal
on dairy herd in Cass County. (Brandvik). WISCONSIN - Populations variable over
State. Some problems reported in Walworth, Rusk, Calumet, Columbia, and Rock
Counties. Annoyance to cattle related to control practices on farms. Some dairy
herds in Walworth County with few flies, others exhibited moderate annoyance,
Some beef herds in Grant and Iowa Counties very much annoyed. Reported biting
man about ankles in Bayfield County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - VERMONT - Ranged 40-50 per head at Hinesburg.
(Nielsen, June 29). WISCONSIN - Severe on cattle in Calumet County, but light to
moderate in most other areas. Spray practices account for much of variation.
(Wis. Ins. Sur.). IOWA - Ranged 20-1,000 (average 147) per side on untreated
cattle herd in Story County June 30. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). WYOMING - Ranged 30-350
per head on 2 cattle herds in Platte County. (Parshall). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 800-
1,000 per head on cattle in Noble County, averaged 500 per head in Marshall
County. Moderate to heavy in Cleveland, Carter, and Cotton Counties. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Increased in counties in south-central area. Light in
Crockett County. (Cole, Neeb). MISSISSIPPI - Counts per head (animals checked)
by county as follows: Rankin 60 (70), Montgomery 125 (300), Oktibbeha 140 (50),
Tishomingo 10 (60). (Sartor).

TABANID FLIES - WISCONSIN - Hot weather accelerated deer fly activity;
localized annoyance reported from Menominee, Langlade, Columbia, Calumet, Iron,
and Vilas Counties; annoyance moderate to cattle in Columbia County. (Wis. Ins.
Sur.). OKLAHOMA - Tabanus spp. ranged 10-12 per head on horses in Payne County,
averaged 4 per head on cattle in Noble County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

AMERICAN DOG TICK (Dermacentor variabilis) - WISCONSIN - Populations locally
heavy from Crawford, Sauk, and Columbia Counties northward. Generally light
or moderate in far northern counties. Highest numbers in low, second-growth
brush and blackberry patches. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - TENNESSEE - Specimens collected from
Hardin County for a new county record. Determined by R.D. Gordon. (Gordon).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

LADY BEETLES - WYOMING - Adults and larvae of several species ranged 1-12 per
10 sweeps in second cutting alfalfa in Goshen, Platte, and Laramie Counties.
(Parshall).

A BRACONID (Cardiochiles nigriceps) - NORTH CAROLINA - This parasite of Heliothis
virescens numerous (about 1 per 5 tobacco plants) in Person area of Granville

County. (Hunt).

AN ENCYRTID WASP (Holcencyrtus physokermis) - OREGON - Adults emerged in
laboratory from Physokermis piceae (spruce bud scale) collected at Portland
area nursery, Multnomah County, June 7. Parasitism at this locality light
compared to that at Lithia Park, Ashland, Jackson County. This is a new county
record. (Westcott).

ICHNEUMONS - ILLINOIS - Bathyplectes curculionis parasitized 67.2 percent of
Hypera postica (alfalfa weevil) larvae collected in Champaigne and Ogle Counties
June 8 and 10, respectively. (Ill. Ins. Sur.). KENTUCKY - B. curculionis
parasitized 3 of 80 H. postica larvae from Jessamine County, none of 186 larvae

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from Warren County. (Barnett). NORTH CAROLINA - Cocoons of Campoletis perdi-
stinctus, a parsite of Heliothis virescens, increasing significantly in
northern counties as second-generation H. virescens larvae increase. (Hunt) .

Cereal Leaf Beetle Larval Parasites —- NEW YORK —- Adults of Tetrastichus julis
(a eulophid wasp) and Diaparsis Carinifer (an ichneumon) released June 25 in
oatfield in Ontario County. Parasitized Oulema melanopus larvae also released
throughout infested field where damage evident but not serious. (N.Y. Wkly.

Rpt.).

HONEY BEE (Apis mellifera) - WEST VIRGINIA - Inspected 1,148 colonies during
June; 94 colonies found diseased with American foulbrood, 114 found dead; 86
colonies destroyed. (Cochrane). TENNESSEE - American foulbrood found in
Cumberland, Polk, Bradley, and Marion Counties during June. Infection widespread
in Cumberland County, light in other counties. (Little).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - No weevils detected above Caprock. Few
weevils found in earliest planted cotton in Kent County and in older cotton in
Stonewall and Haskell Counties. Catches on wing traps did not increase below
Caprock. (Rummel et al.). For Boll Weevil in other areas see page 490.

CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - MICHIGAN - Common in most oatfields in
Gladwin County. Control needed in some fields. (Ruppel et. al.). In Presque Isle
County, populations heavy enough in 80+ percent of oatfields to need spraying.
(Sauer).

EUROPEAN CHAFER (Amphimallon majalis) - NEW YORK - Adult, larvae, and pupae
collected at Whitfield Cemetery near Accord, Ulster County, June 21. (N.Y. Wkly.
Rpt.). PENNSYLVANIA - Flight heavy in Erie, Lackawana, and Lehigh Counties.
(Eckess, June 20). ;

GRASS BUGS - WASHINGTON - Irbisia pacificus infested several thousand acres of
crested wheatgrass near Reno, Elko County. Seed not developing in head. (Hackett,
Retan). UTAH - Leptopterna ferrugata, Irbisia sp., and other grass bugs marking
giant wild rye and crested wheatgrass in parts of Cache County. Irbisia spp.
light on crested wheatgrass in Box Elder County, abundant in Utah County.
Stenoderma spp. common on planted grasses in Curlew Valley, Box Elder County.
Controls applied to 4,200 acres of planted grasses for Labops hesperius and
Irbisia spp. (Knowlton et al.). NEBRASKA - L. hesperius damaged crested wheat-
grass in Dawes, Sheridan and Box Butte Counties. Some local control activity
Feeding of Labops spp. noted in Knox, Holt, Keya Paha, Cherry, Scotts Bluff,
Sioux, Cheyenne, Deuel, Garden, Morrill, Kimball, Keith, Lincoln, and Custer
Counties. (Bell, June 10).

GRASSHOPPERS - NORTH DAKOTA - Averaged 10 per square yard in weedy and alfalfa
ditches in St. Anthony area, Morton County, and near Pretty Rock Butte, Grant
County; up to 30 per square yard in alfalfa and grass mixtures in Flasher area,
Grant County. Melanoplus bivittatus and M. differentialis dominant with some

M. femurrubrum. Mostly first and second instars; not yet moved into fields.
(Grasser). MINNESOTA - Melanoplus femurrubrum hatch about complete in Chisago,
Isanti, Sherburne, and Wright Counties. Infestations scattered; ranged 18-36

per square yard in isolated fields and roadsides, Little movement into cropland,
Ditches being cut; grasshoppers will move next few weeks. Few adults noted. (Minn,
Pest Rpt.). IOWA - In southwest district, grasshoppers ranged from 10 per square
yard in northeastern counties to 15 per square yard in Pottawatamie County; 70
percent second instars. Population 70 percent Melanoplus differentialis, 20 percent
M. femurrbrum. (Iowa Ins. Inf.). NEBRASKA - Surveys week of June 21 indicated "hot
spots" in Dixon, Thurston, Cedar, Knox, and Boyd Counties and in Nuckolls and

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and Webster Counties; nymphs ranged 30-40 per square yard. Occasional adults of
Melanoplus bivittatus and M. sanguinipes observed. Surveys conducted on Mean
Animal Research Center, Clay County, indicated no economic populations. (Bell,
Hohnholt). MISSOURI - Grasshoppers ranged 16-40 per sweep in field margins and
4-31 throughout pastures in northeast area. (Munson). KANSAS - Phlibostroma
quadrimaculatum nymphs very heavy in 30-acre weedy pasture in Comanche County.
(Bell). OKLAHOMA - Grasshoppers moderate to heavy on rangeland in Pontotoc,
Murray, Carter, Atoka, Pottawatomie, Oklahoma, and Cimarron Counties. Moderate
to heavy in alfalfa or crop margins in Pontotoc, Carter, Marshall,
Pottawatomie, Lincoln, Cleveland, and Atoka Counties. Damage to home gardens
reported in Atoka, Carter, Pottawatomie, Lincoln, and Osage Counties. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.). COLORADO - Primarily Cordillacris sp. and Aulocara sp. infesting
about 100,000 acres of rangeland in Otero, Bent, and Las Animas Counties;
ranged 25-50 per square yard. Range condition poor due to grasshoppers and
drought. Migration into irrigated crops possible. No controls planned. (Watson).
NEVADA - C. pellucida, M. bivittatus, and M. Sanguinipes, mostly nymphs, ranged
15-20 per square yard on 2,000 acres of hay in Kings River Valley, Humboldt
County. (Peters). M. sanguinipes adults and nymphs ranged 15-30 in alfalfa
hayfields in Diamond Valley, Eureka County, treatments applied or planned.
(Hampton). M. bivittatus, mostly nymphs, averaged 10 per square yard on 2,000
acres of alfalfa hay at Orovada, Humboldt County. M. bivittatus and M.
sanguinipes ranged 5-10 per square yard in several alfalfa fields in Kings River
Valley. M. sanguipes adults and nymphs ranged 5-60 per square yard in weedy and
abandoned fields comprising several sections in Diamond Valley. (Hampton). M.
sanguinipes and M. bivittatus, mostly nymphs, ranged 10-150 per square yard on
1,920 acres of rangeland and abandoned fields in Kings River Valley. Ranged 1-30
per Square yard in other areas; hatch continues. (Hilbig, Peters). WASHINGTON -
Fourth and fifth instars of Oedaleonotus enigma and Aulocara elliotti ranged
12-75 per square yard in 2,880 acres of rangeland at White Swan, Yakima County;
severely damaged rangeland and adjoining cropland. (Jackson). Amphitornus
coloradus and Aulocara elliotti damaging rangeland near Goose Lake; ranged
20-30 per square yard on about 5,000 acres. First and second instars of Camnula
pellucida 75-100 per square yard, damaging 3,000 acres of pastureland near
Havillah, Okanogan County. (Nonini).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - VERMONT - Common on home fruit tree plantings.
(Nielsen, June 29). PENNSYLVANIA - Pupation observed in Monroe County June 23.
(Cameron). Aerially dispersed 14,000 disparlure-baited traps over 9-square-mile
area surrounding known infestation in Somerset County; this follows earlier
treatment of 180 acres. (Eckess).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - DELAWARE - First adults found on variety
of plants June 26 in New Castle County. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). MARYLAND - Adult
emergence heavy in Several areas in Harford, Prince Georges, and Charles
Counties. Statewide beetle emergence light to date. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WEST
VIRGINIA - First adults observed June 12 in Kanawha County. By July 1, favored
host trees at scattered sites showed 10-30 percent foliage damage. (Cole).
TENNESSEE - Light in Knox, Sevier, Cocke, and Jefferson Counties. (Hammett).

MORMON CRICKET (Anabrus simplex) - NEVADA - Adults light and scattered, less
than one per square yard, from 6,300-6,500 feet elevation in Big Creek area,
Lander County. (Bechtel, Martinelli).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA - Sterile moth releases in
Kern County June 25 to July 1 totaled 3,825,750; total to date 39,892,750. (PPD).
ARIZONA - Up to 15 percent rosetted blooms found in Yuma area, Yuma County. One
field found in Parker Valley area with 7 percent of bolls infested with early
larvae. On June 30, one 40-acre field treated and several other fields treated

by strip spraying heaviest infested areas of fields. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

- 499 -

WHITEFRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - NORTH CAROLINA - Heavily damaged
tobacco field found in Fuquary and Varina area of Wake County; 100-plant count
indicated 5 percent of plants wilted and dying in 6-acre field. Feeding damage
found on about half of stunted plants; 25-30 percent of plants wilted and stunted
in 0.5-acre area. (Parker, Hunt). TENNESSEE - Adults observed in known infesta-—
tions in Crockett, Dyer, Lauderdale, and Rutherford Counties. (PPD). ALABAMA -
Larvae very heavy, damaging 30-acre field of cotton at Billingsley, Chilton
County. Damage SO heavy production may equal cost of seed to plant area.
(Griffith, Wilkins). Larvae destroyed corn, weeds, and grass on about one acre
at edge of 40-acre corn field in Chilton County. (Futral, Barnett). Larvae
damaged strawberry plants in Cullman County gardens. Determined by V.H. Owens.
(Whisenant) .

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Cotton - PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) larvae heavy on wild cotton
(Gossypium barbadense) at Ft. Kam, Oahu. Infested 50 percent (11 of 22) green

bolls examined. (Olson) .

Fruits and Nuts - Adults of a SWALLOWTAIL BUTTERFLY (Papilio xuthus) at following
Iocations on Oahu: Waipahu (3 caught), Moanalua Gardens (I observed), Red Hill
area (1 observed), Wahiawa (1 caught), and Hawaii Kai (3 observed). (Otsuka et
al.). MANGO FLOWER BEETLE (Protaetia fusca) adults light to moderate (as many as
7 per floral raceme) on mango (Mangifera indica) and kiawe (Prosopis pallida)
blossoms at Puako and Kawaihae, Hawaii. (Matayoshi).

Forest and Shade Trees - A NOCTUID MOTH (Melipotis indomita) and Polydesma
umbricola (monkeypod moth) light to heavy on monkeypod trees (Samanea Saman)
at Moanalua Gardens, Kapiolani Park, Liliuokalani Gardens, and Ewa, Oahu.

In Moanalua Gardens, random samplings from underbark of several trees revealed

20 P. umbricola and 10 M. indomita larvae. In Kapiolani Park, 29 P. umbricola
and 111 M. indomita larvae found under bark of 3 trees. In Liliuokalani:’Gardens,
no P, umbricola and 40 M. indomita taken from 6 trees. In Ewa, 21 P. umbricola
and 14 M. indomita larvae found on 9 trees. (Kashiwai, Au). ze

Miscellaneous - Adults of a GEOMETRID MOTH (Semiothisa santaremaria) moderate to
heavy at Kamuela, Puako, and Kona, Hawaii; Pukoo, Molokai; and Manele, Lanai.

On Hawaii, adults heavy on windows of buildings at night. On Molokai, adults
moderate in kiawe grove. Molokai and Lanai are new island records. In Halawa,
Oahu, adults heavy, about 400 caught in light trap and 100 observed on wall near
light trap. (Ikeda et al.). Adult of a LONGHORNED GRASSHOPPER (Euconocephalus
nasutus)collected at Hilo, Hawaii. This is a new island record, (Yoshioka) .
Adult of a BOMBYLIID FLY (Anthrax distigma) collected and several others noted at
Kanepuu, Lanai; in June. This is a new island record. (Gagne). Adults of a
SCENOPINID FLY (Scenopinus adventicia) collected in reeds at Kamalo, Molokai, in
June 1971. This is a new island record; previously recorded only from Oahu.
(Hardy).

CORRECTIONS

CEIR 21(22):383, 385 - HAWAII INSECT REPORT - Paragraph 5 delete "Several adults
of a CYDNID BUG ... (Shiroma)." Page 385 paragraph 3, line 8 delete "A CYDNID
BUG ... (p. 383)." (Kawamura).

CEIR 21(26) :448 - ALFALFA LOOPER (Autographa californica) - OREGON only should
read: ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica). (PPD).

CEIR 21(26) :454 - SPRUCE BUDWORM (Choristoneura fumiferana) - CALIFORNIA only
Should read: SPRUCE BUD SCALE (Physokermes piceae). (PPD).

- 500 -

DETECTION

New County and Island Records - A BOMBYLIID FLY (Anthrax distigma) HAWAII - Lanai.
(p. 499). BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) TENNESSEE —- Hardin (p. 496).
AN ENCYRTID WASP (Holcencyrtus physokermis) OREGON - Multnomah (p. 496). FACE

FLY (Musca autumnalis) CALIFORNIA — Santa Cruz, Placer (p. 495). A GEOMETRID MOTH
(Semiothisa Santaremaria) HAWAII - Molokai, Lanai (p. 499). HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL
(Apion longirostre) MISSOURI - Morgan; KANSAS - Lyon, Osage, Chase, Marion;
NEVADA — Lander (p. 493). A LONGHORNED GRASSHOPPER (Euconocephalus nasutus)
HAWAII - Hawaii (p. 499). MAPLE BLADDERGALL MITE (Vasates quadripedes) OHIO -
Montgomery, Stark (p. 495). A PHYLLOXERA (Phylloxera Caryaecaulis) OHIO -
Marion, Medina, Stark, Trumbull (p. 495). A SCENOPINID FLY (Scenopinus
adventicia) HAWAII - Molokai (p. 499).

Weather continued from page 484.

pushed onto northern border States Wednesday which was sunny and mild from the
northern and central Pacific to the upper Mississippi River Valley. Hot weather
continued across the South from southern California to the Atlantic Ocean.
Southerly winds swept hot, humid air northward over the eastern half of the
Nation. Sultry weather persisted from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and
eastward to the Atlantic Ocean. By Wednesday, the heat wave over the central
Great Plains was broken. Norfolk, Nebraska, registered 93° Tuesday but no higher
than 82° Wednesday. As the weekend approached, drier air was moving southward
over the North-Central and Northeastern States. Afternoon temperatures in the
80's were common over the weekend in those sections. High humidity persisted in
the Southeast. Weekend maximums exceeded 100° over the Far Southwest in south-
eastern New Mexico and north-central Texas. Elsewhere across the South from
northern New Mexico to Mississippi afternoon temperatures over the weekend were
generally in the 90's. Weekly average temperatures exceeded the normals from
Minnesota and Iowa to the Atlantic Ocean and as far south as the Ohio River and
from southern New Mexico to northeastern Texas and in southeastern Texas. Else-
where, temperatures averaged cooler than normal for late June and early July.

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK
JULY 1971

The National Weatner Service's 30-day outlook for July is for temperatures to
average above seasonal normals in central and southern portions of the
intermountain region and over the northern half of the Nation east of the Divide.
Subnormal temperatures are indicated for the Pacific coast and the Rio Grande
Valley. In unspecified areas near normal temperatures are in prospect. Rainfall
is expected to exceed normal over the north Pacific coast, the Rio Grande Valley,
and portions of the southern Plateau. Subnormal totals are indicated for the
Ohio Valley, the middle Atlantic Coast States,, the northern Plains, the northern
intermountain region; and the central and south Pacific coast. Elsewhere near
normal rainfall is expected.

Weathe. torecast given here is based on the official 30-day ''Resume and Outlook"
published twice a month by the National Weather Service. You can subscribe
through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C, 20250. Price $5.00

a year.

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

OFFICIAL BUSINESS
POSTAGE & FEES PAID

United States Department of Agriculture

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ECONOMIC INSECT
REPORT

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CIBRARIED

Issued by

PLANT PROTECTION, DIVISION

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 July 16, 1971 Number 29

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

ARMYWORM larvae damaged corn in New York, Virginia, Kentucky, and Ohio. CORN
LEAF APHID heavy on sorghum in Texas; increased in Wisconsin. GREENBUG damaged
sorghum in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. (pp. 505-506).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER troublesome in several States. (p. 507).
PEA APHID heavy in alfalfa in Idaho and North Dakota. (p. 509).
PECAN NUT CASEBEARER damaged pecans in Oklahoma and Texas. (p. 513).

SPRUCE BUDWORM troublesome in Wisconsin and Michigan. JACK PINE SAWFLY
defoliation heavy in Michigan. LARGE ASPEN TORTRIX larvae damaged aspen in
Wisconsin. (pp. 513-514).

A GRASS BUG damaged creasted wheatgrass in Nevada. (p. 516).

GRASSHOPPERS heavy on alfalfa in Nevada. (p. 516).

Detection

For new county and island records see page 512,

Reports in this issue are for week ending July 9 unless otherwise indicated.

= 503 —-

- 504 -

CONTENTS
Special Insects of RegionalligSilonahalGaniGe srteiciele sisheleis eiclaleisiots ele <lelele! eel siele/elele/elelelslo DUO
Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane......e.e..007 Miscellaneous Field Crops.......512
Small GrainS....csccccccscevccceee+ e008 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.....912
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland..........008 Colle Crops) ss. 'o600 000 00sec celeste
Porage TeSumeSici. « siclclelc c cclelcleicisiacle «1 O00 General Vegetables. ..cccccceccoetle
SoybeanShpsicislelelsielslcisieless/e/cleieleiclareis leis OL O Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.......913
PANES s oletelorelsicicis siclokelsolsjeieielelateiete lars DLO) Ornamental’ Sicvercielsl slereteietel oretelelele olehetas
COON sia siolcielevereictele ais e/elerclieielole sles clefeia DLO Forest and Shade TreeS...cccccccDl4
MODAC COs) s/elets slejsicleisiclele cielo) viele eisilelslelera Ot Man and Andimalisi:, cic ccs stoleleleloleleteonee)
SUPAT) VBCEUS!visic/ 0/0101 ¢) ofc! e «01s, 01s Je! 0 ofele) eer D1.

ME TSC HON s iarckelelereleteleleieleiclcisiel oeieieiehelaicietelaiaienaieie! ejsiereseleveleielel sieieleleleleleolenelaleleialalcvoleloneie latte
Beneficial (INSCCUS|sis1o1cic1cl< ols efshaiche chereieloleiaisle: ciehese.sisicfeteleleye sielala)elelefelalalelololeleloleloletelaiataetaiar
Nederal and State Plant Protection ProgramsS'.:< cic 06 c16¢ \6 ce c\clelele cielclelcielelelolelenaia Lo
Hawaii eIinsecit: “REPOLIts c.cjiel elelalelele olelereiclolerelels eleicialele elele ciel eieie clei ele) clele/slelelalolerstolelelelotenstone ti at
LUSht Leap ColWectuonSjarereico.cke ocisicicieletel cfeis.ciaieiejoisiele eiale)ejelelele|o siete elsieleloleolobalasteloleketareiey

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JULY 12

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data
Service, NOAA,

HIGHLIGHTS: Summer heat and summer-type precipitation persisted over most of the
Nation.

PRECIPITATION: Typical nocturnal thunderstorms occurred from the central Great
Plains to the Great Lakes early Monday morning, July 5. One vigorous storm
whipped Salina, Kansas, with winds gusting to 60 m.p.h. and hail up to 1 inch

in diameter. Two to 4 inches of rain caused minor flooding in eastern Kansas.
One to 4 inches of rain fell in some vicinities in eastern Illinois. Seven

inches of snow fell at Stampede Pass, Washington, from Monday night to Tuesday
forenoon. This is most snow ever to have fallen in July at Stampede Pass.
Paradise Inn at 5,550 feet elevation on the south side of Mt. Ranier, Washington,
received 3 inches of snow early Tuesday, the depth at 9 a.m. was 132 inches.
Never before has an 11-foot depth measurement occurred at Paradise Inn so early
in the season. Snow that falls July 1 or later is not counted in the 1970-71
season. The 1971-72 season begins July 1. A light sprinkle occurred at Phoneix,
Arizona, Tuesday afternoon. Measurable rain has not occurred at Phoenix in the
last 88 days. In 1960, Phoenix received no measurable precipitation for 143 days
from March 2 to July 22. Twice have 88-day periods passed without a sprinkle at
Phoenix; October 17, 1917, to January 12, 1918, and April 10 to July 6, 1945. A
tornado injured several persons on a farm near Minot, North Dakota, Tuesday. The
storm produced 3.89 inches of rain. Other tornadoes and severe thunderstorms
occurred at scattered locations in North Dakota, Tuesday. Light to moderate
showers fell Tuesday and Wednesday from the central Rocky Mountains to Wisconsin,
also from southeastern Texas northeastward to West Virginia and Maryland. A
station east of Nashville, Tennessee, measured 4.30 inches Wednesday morning;
this amount had fallen in the previous 24 hours. Totals exceeded 1 inch at
scattered stations from Georgia to Virginia. Two of the largest weekly totals are
5.20 inches at Moline, Illinois, and 4.56 inches at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

TEMPERATURE: Typical summer weather prevailed over most of the Nation last week.
Warm humid gulf air covered the eastern half of the country and desert heat lay
over the Far Southwest. Boston, Massachusetts, registered 90° Tuesday and
Wednesday afternoons. Temperatures exceeded 100° at many Texas stations on several
consecutive afternoons. Wichita Falls, Texas, recorded 108° Tuesday. By Wednesday,
the 100° heat covered western Kansas reaching 105° at Hill City. Weather of the
week continued on page 517.

- 505 -

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - NEW YORK - Economic in field of no-till corn
in Jefferson County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). VIRGINIA - Larval damage heavy to sod-
planted corn in Lee and Madison Counties, June 22. (Lyle, Grove). KENTUCKY -
General on corn in Hopkins County. Destroyed 50 percent of corn at one site.
(Barnett). OHIO - Larvae, all stages, damaged field corn in Medina County.
(Thoburn). Heavy in Ashtabula County. (Anderson). Also reported in Crawford,
Auglaize, and Champaign Counties. (Lyon). MICHIGAN - Counts steadily increasing
at Lenawee County blacklight station; total of 183 moths collected. Larval
damage to small grains generally light, and danger near end. (Newman). Larval
damage spotty in few fields of field corn in Ogemaw County. (Ruppel). WISCONSIN -
Larvae remain light in corn, lodged grains, and alfalfa. Surveys in Rock County
revealed very heavy parasitism by Apanteles militaris (a braconid). (Wis. Ins.
Sur.). MINNESOTA - Moths heavier in light traps. Counts from Lamberton, Redwood
County, increased sharply past 7 days. Counts heavier in south-central district
light traps. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). NEBRASKA - Larvae average 6 per square foot in
bromegrass, Saunders County. Damage limited to small area. (Roselle).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - ARIZONA - Larvae in sorghum at Marana, Pima
County, and at Buckeye, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Larvae
on 10-100 percent of cornstalks at Carlsbad and Artesia, Eddy County, and at
Roswell, Chaves County. (Mathews). Infested 10-30 percent of stalks at Hatch,
Dona Ana County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - Light on grain sorghum in Caldwell
County. Larvae averaged 0.4 per plant in 5 fields in Brazos, Burleson, and
Robertson Counties. Reported from Several fields in Denton, Collin, and Hunt
Counties on grain sorghum. Infestations apparently decreasing. (Cole et al.).
OKLAHOMA - Heavy on corn in Cleveland, Garvin, Beckham, and Texas Counties.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Infested 20 percent of corn in one small field in
Buffalo County. (Roselle). ARKANSAS - Moth counts on sugarline (0.5 mile of row)
by county: Pulaski 1,083 (Soybeans, cotton). Moth counts very heavy on sugarlines
in Lafayette County. July moth flights peaked in some areas. Occasional larva in
blooming sorghum. (Boyer). TENNESSEE - First through third instars on ears of
Sweet and field corn in central areas. Infested 40 percent of ears of Sweet corn
and 10 percent of field corn. (Gordon). ALABAMA - Occasional larva in 10 early
grain sorghum fields in Montgomery and Dallas Counties. (McQueen). NORTH
CAROLINA - Second-generation larvae increased from 8 to 326 in 500 feet of row
(50 feet of row per field in Columbus County); 36 at Clayton, Johnston County,
and none in Lewiston, Bertie County. Larval counts expected to increase in
Piedmont area. (Hunt). NEW JERSEY - Few moths in light traps statewide. (Ins.-
Dis. Newsltr.).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - NEW MEXICO - Generally light on corn and
sorghum at Carlsbad and ArteSia, Eddy County, and at Roswell, Chaves County.
(Mathews). TEXAS - Ranged 0-15 per plant in Brazos, Robertson, and Burleson
Counties. Beneficial insects heavy and reduced aphid populations. R. maidis
inereased in grain Sorghum in High Plains. Heavy in Hale, Crosby, Floyd, Lubbock,
Bailey, Lamb, and Hockley Counties. Light to medium in Terry, Lynn, Carson, and
Deaf Smith Counties. (Rummel, Green). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 0-100 per plant of young
sorghum in Major, Alfalfa, Woods, Harper, and Ellis Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
KANSAS - Generally, moderate to heavy in whorls of sorghum in eastern Shawnee,
western Douglas, and Jackson Counties. Decreased in some fields in Shawnee County;
earlier yellowing and reddening of terminal leaves more evident than during latter
part of period. (Bell). MISSOURI - Light on sorghum throughout western half of
State. (Munson). WISCONSIN - Increased 10 to 20 times at some sites. Colonies
containing up to 100 individuals noted in several fields in central areas.
Currently, only about 40 percent of plants infested at sites surveyed. (Wis. Ins.
Sur.). ILLINOIS - Beginning to appear in corn; but numbers light. (Sur. Bull.).
INDIANA - Infestations ranged 0-40 percent in 7 of 22 fields in south-southwest
area; 0-20 percent in 5 fields in south-southcentral area; 2 of 7 fields infested
lightly in south-southeast area. (Meyer). MARYLAND - Building up in corn in
Talbot, Caroline, and Dorchester Counties. Heaviest damage averaged 6 percent in
50-acre field near Williston, Caroline County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ALABAMA -

- 506 -

Maize dwarf mosaic and/or corn stunt virus in scattered fields in Shelby, Dallas,
Montgomery, and most other counties. R. maidis and other aphids light in all corn
examined. (McQueen).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - ARIZONA - Starting buildup on sorghum at Bonita,
Graham County and in other areas of Cochise County. Ranging 25-150 per plant.
(Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Populations reported throughout most central and
north-central counties. Light and localized in Caldwell County on grain sorghum.
Averaged O-1 per plant in Brazos, Burleson, and Robertson Counties. Beneficial
insects heavy with parasitism evident in many of fields. Greenbugs continued to
damage grain sorghum in Ellis and Navarro Counties. Counts of 260 per leaf noted
in these counties. Grain sorghum with lower 2 leaves dead. Several fields treated,
parasitism seemed to be decreasing infestations. Greenbug light in several
counties in Rolling Plains. Light on grain sorghum in El Paso, Hudspeth, Reeves,
and Pecos Counties. Populations in panhandle area remained light. (Green et al.).
OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy on sorghum in Ottawa County. One field sprayed in
Texas County. Ranged 5-60 per plant on occasional plants in field of 24-inch tall
grain sorghum in Major County, but younger fields (12-15 inches) in Several
northwest counties negative. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Treatments needed in
several sorghum fields in eastern Shawnee, western Douglas, and Jackson Counties.
Populations appear to be increasing and predators and parasites generally not
abundant enough to control populations. Greenbug ranged (per plant) as follows

by county (number fields checked in parentheses): Shawnee 1,000-1,500+ (4);
Douglas 300-1,600+ (3); Jackson 50-2,000 (3); and Geary 35-630 (3). Most sorghum
30-40 inches high; many in boot stage. Heavier infestations (about 1,200+ per
plant) with lower 2 leaves dead, and in one field in Jackson County lower 4 leaves
dead. Report of heavy infestation in one sorghum field with lower 2 leaves dead
in Pawnee County. (Bell).

NEBRASKA - S. graminum declining in some southwest areas; increasing in eastern
counties. Colonies of 50 individuals in some fields in Lancaster County. (Klein,
Nelson). IOWA - Up to 2 lower leaves dead in sorghum field in Ringgold County.
Surveys in 12 additional fields indicated 2-4 leaves per plant infested. (Iowa
ins) Sur).

POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - NEW YORK - Increasing in alfalfa. Control
needed when nymphs 1-2 per 10 sweeps. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., July 6). MARYLAND -
Ranged 4-30 per sweep of alfalfa in Frederick, Harford, Baltimore, and Howard
Counties. Expected to increase. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OHIO - Damage noted
statewide. (Flessel). MICHIGAN - Adults common and some nymphs and leaf rolling
in dry beans in Bay County. Nymphs and adults common in alfalfa in Ingham County.
Growers should stay alert. (Ruppel et al.). WISCONSIN - Adults averaged 1 per
sweep of alfalfa in Columbia County and 6 per 10 Sweeps in southwestern counties.
Populations abundant in Rock and Walworth Counties, nymphal counts as high as 15
per sweep and adults 5 per sweep. Adults averaged 2 per plant on lima beans in
Rock County and trace on potatoes and Snap beans in Portage and Waushara Counties.
Common on deciduous nursery stock in all southern areas. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

TOBACCO BUDWORM (Heliothis virescens) - TENNESSEE - Immatures continue to cause
moderate to heavy damage in tobacco surveyed in central areas. Some controls
applied. (Gordon).

HORNWORMS (Manduca spp.) - KENTUCKY - M. sexta (tobacco hornworm) larvae averaged
less than 1 per 20 tobacco plants in Caldwell County. One field in Hopkins County
averaged 3 per plant. (Barnett). MICHIGAN - Limited collections of M. sexta made
at blacklight stations. M. quinquemaculata (tomato hornworm) moths light at all
blacklight stations as far north aS Montcalm County. Egg laying will begin
primarily on potatoes and tomatoes. (Newman). MARYLAND - Manduca spp. egg laying
continues on tobacco in Charles, St. Marys, Calvert, and Prince Georges Counties.
Heaviest damage 10-15 percent in several fields in St. Marys County. Second and
third instars in most fields. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

- 507 -

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NEBRASKA - Third instars beginning

to enter stalks in eastern areas. Infestations of 70-90 percent of early corn
common in most eastern areas, 20-70 percent in Clay County. Control activity
continuing with Shortage of recommended granular products. (Roselle, Frank).
Borers ranged 5-25 per plant in 4 untreated cornfields in Knox and Pierce
Counties; 4 fields. Mostly first to last instars. (Keith, Berogan). IOWA - Larvae
in 4 fields:6 percent fourth instar, 88 percent fifth instar, and 6 percent
pupated. Third generation likely in 1971. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Serious
throughout southern half of State. Overall infestations heaviest since 1950's,
Many fields near or past control period. Mostly third instars and above in south-
central and southeast districts and mostly first instars in southwest and west-
central districts. Egg masses still light in southwest and southeast districts,
but egg laying ended in these districts. Borer survival heavy and as many as 10
larvae per stalk in some fields. Fields sprayed in Redwood, Fillmore, Brown,
Goodhue, Dakota, Olmsted, and Watonwan Counties. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). WISCONSIN -
Blacklight trap catches light at all reporting sites. Moths peaked about July 3
in eastern counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - Larvae damaged some field corn
in Isabella and Montcalm Counties. Little damage seen in St. Clair County.
(Ruppel et al.). INDIANA - Infestations ranged 0-24 percent in south-southwest
and south-southcentral area corn; 0-48 percent in south-southeast area. (Meyer).
KENTUCKY - Larvae in 10 percent of Hopkins County corn with 10-20 percent of
plants damaged per field. (Barnett). SOUTH CAROLINA - Second-generation borer
infestations appearing throughout State. (Thomas).

NORTH CAROLINA - O. nubilalis infestations ranged up to 28 (averaged 4) percent
in sweet and field corn in Harnett, Sampson, Bladen, and Cumberland Counties,

50 plants per field. (Hunt). VIRGINIA - Generally very light in southern Piedmont
and southern Tidewater areas. Infestations 5-20 percent in Prince Edward, Prince
George, Southampton, Greensville, Brunswick, Mecklenburg, Pittsylvania, and

Henry Counties (Allen). Damaged 60 percent of stalks in some Carroll County
fields (Tabor, July 1). MARYLAND - Moths averaged 6 per night June 30 to July 6
in Queen Annes, Dorchester, and Worcester Counties. Infested corn on Eastern
Shore ranged 8-80 percent (late whorl to early tassel stages), in central areas
0-96 percent (early whorl to mid-whorl). (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). DELAWARE - Adults
of first brood beginning to emerge in Sussex County July 5-6. Emergence now about
1 percent. (Burbutis).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - TEXAS - Heavy and localized on grain
sorghum in Jackson County. Light in whorl of grain sorghum in Glasscock County.
(Neeb, Cole). ILLINOIS - Appearing in whorl stage, corn particularly in southern
Section. (Sur. Bull.).

SORGHUM WEBWORM (Celama sorghiella) - TEXAS - Light to heavy and widespread in
Jackson and Matagorda Counties. Larvae aS many as 40 per head in some fields of
Jackson County. (Cole).

CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - MINNESOTA - Heavy rains and wind at Minneapolis
and St. Paul lodged many cornfields. Lodging in Dakota County, 90 percent in
field with 10 larvae per plant and 10 percent in adjacent rootworm-free fields.
From first instar to pupae in southeast and southwest districts. Larvae 6 per
plant in Lincoln County field. Highs of up to 12 larvae per plant in Winona and
Goodhue Counties. Adults early as larval development has been rapid. (Minn. Pest
Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Limited surveys in Southern Dane and northern Rock Counties
revealed larvae one-fourth to three-fourths grown in volunteer corn, in peas, and
oats. Lodging of plants should become noticeable in southern areas. (Wis.

Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Occasional D. longicornis (northern corn rootworm) and

D. virgifera (western corn rootworm) adult Seen. Demonstrative plots for larval
control indicated poorer results than expected in some instances. (Sur. Bull.).

- 508 -

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - COLORADO - Larvae damaged untreated
corn in Boulder and Weld Counties. (Rothman, Hantsbarger). MISSOURI - Adults
averaged 10 per plant in one field in Barton County. Larvae and pupae in fields.
(Huggans, Keaster). No other infestations observed in southwest area. (Munson).
IOWA - Adult collected at Ames, Story County, on July 6, earliest recorded date
for emergence on this plot. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NORTH DAKOTA - Root damage evident
on corn in Richland County. (McBride).

CORN FLEA BEETLES (Chaetocnema spp.) - ARIZONA - C. ectypa (desert corn flea
beetle) medium to heavy with leaf damage in some Sorghum fields in Yuma County.
(Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ALABAMA - C. pulicaria (corn flea beetle) and other flea
beetles statewide on corn and may be vector of scattered infections of Stewart's
disease in corn. (McQueen). MARYLAND - C. pulicaria increasing in Baltimore,
Harford, and Frederick Counties. HeavieSt counts 5-6 per leaf in late whorl stage
corn near Churchville, Harford County. Damage levels ranged 8-15 percent in
central areas. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

MAIZE BILLBUG (Sphenophorus maidis) - MARYLAND - Destroyed 80 percent of 3-acre
stand of corn near Kennedyville, Kent County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - ALABAMA - Occasional adult in 10 early
blooming grain Sorghum fields in Dallas and Montgomery Counties. (McCabe et al.).
ARKANSAS - Did not average more than 1 per 100 heads of sorghum in 14 of 26

fields in Jackson, Cross, Woodruff, Conway, and Pope Counties. Light in east-
central and northeast areas. (Boyer). TEXAS - Infesting late grain sorghum in

De Witt, Jackson, and Refugio Counties. Spotted infestations in Brazos, Robertson,
and Burleson Counties. Adults from Milam, Williamson, Bell, Hill, and McLennan
Counties. Populations increased in most north-central counties. (Cole et al.).
MISSOURI - Light (2-4 per head) on newly emerged sorghum heads in southeast area.
(Houser).

SEEDCORN MAGGOT (Hylemya platura) - VERMONT - Much damage to sweet corn at
Bennington County. ielsen).

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - TEXAS - Heavy on corn in El Paso
County. Lower 6 true leaves on most plants destroyed. Mites started building up
in larger numbers on crops about 7 days prior to tasseling stage. (Neeb).

CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus leucopterus) - KANSAS - Ranged 0-25 (averaged 6)
per plant in field of 4-inch sorghum in Dickinson County. Treatment in sorghum

reported in Dickinson, Marion, Harvey, Shawnee, Wilson, and Crawford Counties.
(Bell).

YELLOW SUGARCANE APHID (Sipha flava) - ARKANSAS - Very light on sorghum in
Woodruff County. This is a new county record. (Boyer).

SMALL GRAINS

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NEBRASKA - Damaged scattered oatfields
in northeast district. Up to 4 percent of culms bored into and lodged in 3 fields
in Knox and Pierce Counties. Third to last instar. (Kumpost et al.).

A FIELD CRICKET (Acheta assimilis) - NORTH DAKOTA - Nymphs 6 per square yard in
alfalfa, soybeans, and small grain in Cass County. (Brandvik).

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

SAGEBRUSH DEFOLIATOR (Aroga websteri) - NEVADA - Infested almost all sagebrush
in Pine Valley, Eureak County; expect complete defolation. (Lauderdale).

- 509 -

BLUEGRASS BILLBUG (Sphenophorus parvulus) - IOWA - Collected from lawn at Council
Bluffs, Pottawattamie County, by C. Johnson July 7. Identified by R. Roselle.
(Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Larvae damaged bluegrass lawns and fairways in
several locations of eastern areas. (Jensen, Roselle).

GRASSHOPPERS (Melanoplus spp.) - ARKANSAS - Increased in dry western areas.
Arrangements made for aerial spraying of some pastures in Washington County.
(Boyer).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - OREGON - Larvae one per 10 sweeps in Pendleton
and Pilot Rock areas, Umatilla County. Several fields east of Pilot Rock
uninfested. Larvae ranged 2-10 per Sweep in Grant County. Adults 1 per sweep in
Mt. Vernon and Dayville areas and 2 per sweep at Long Creek. Larvae 11 per 30
sweeps in Mitchell area, Wheeler County. Larvae less than 1 per 10 Sweeps in
Heppner and Ruggs areas, Morrow County. This is a new county record. (Brown,
Penrose). IDAHO - Mostly first and second instars, 15-40 percent tip feeding.
Adults ranged 6-30 per 10 sweeps at Fairfield, Camas County, June 22. (Hazen,
Sutherland). Larvae 262 and adults 44 per 25 sweeps of alfalfa at Aberdeen,
Bingham County, June 11, and larvae 1,223 and adults 26 on June 21. Untreated
fields in area Severely Silvered. (Carpenter). WYOMING - Larvae ranged 170-500
per 10 sweeps in 3 uncut fields near Powell, Park County. Much lighter in cut
fields; most fields cut. Pupation 60-70 percent where alfalfa cut. Up to 25 per
10 sweeps in GoShen County. (Burkhardt). COLORADO - Still damaging alfalfa after
first cutting in Weld County. Control recommended. Pupation should begin in 7
days. (Urano). NEW MEXICO - Generally light at Albuquerque, Bernalillo County.
(Heninger) .

NEBRASKA - Major H. postica larval activity for season appears past. Larvae 0.8
per 100 sweeps in 24 Dawson County fields. New adults averaged 12.1 per 100
sweeps. (Manglitz). IOWA - One adult collected per 400 sweeps in alfalfa field

in Boone County, July 6, by G. Lentz. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). WISCONSIN - Few adults
Still active and mid-instars average about 1 per 10 sweeps of alfalfa in southern
areas. In Columbia County field, larvae averaged 2 per 10 sweeps. Some feeding
damage evident. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MASSACHUSETTS - Adults 3 per 100 sweeps in
Hampshire County field. (Miller). VERMONT - Populations much lighter in most
areas; Some heavy damage mostly on second cut alfalfa. Parasitism increased.
(Nielsen).

LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - WASHINGTON - L. hesperus and L. elisus adults and

nymphs up to 1.5 per sweep in 15 alfalfa seed fields of Touchet and Lowden area,
Walla Walla County. (Johansen, Eves). WYOMING - Adults and nymphs 10-60 (average
40) per 10 sweeps in uncut alfalfa near Powell, Park County. (Burkhardt).

NEVADA - Adults 3-6 per sweep in Reese River, Lander County, alfalfa seed fields.
(Hilbig). ARIZONA - Averaging 800 per 100 sweeps in flowering alfalfa on Yuma
Mesa, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Lygus spp. averaged 25-150 per
25 alfalfa sweeps at Roswell, Chaves County. (Mathews). MASSACHUSETTS - Adults of
L. lineolaris (tarnished plant bug) 52 per 100 sweeps in Hampshire County alfalfa.
(Milter).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WYOMING - Ranged 40-120 (average 74) per 10
sweeps in uncut alfalfa near Powell, Park County. (Burkhardt). MASSACHUSETTS -
Counts of 202 per 100 sweeps in Hampshire County field. (Miller). IDAHO - Ranged
20 to 1 cupful per sweep in 22,000 acres of Canyon County, alfalfa. Controls
applied. (Homan). Scattered infestations in Clearwater River drainage in Nez
Perce, Clearwater, and Lewis Counties required controls. (Kambitsch, et al.).
NEVADA - Ranged 20-40 per sweep in Reese River, Lander County, alfalfa seed
fields. (Hilbig). NORTH DAKOTA - Heavy, up to 5,000 per 100 sweeps, on Second
crop alfalfa in Cass County. (Brandvik).

- 510 -

MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - MASSACHUSETTS - Counts of 20 adults per
100 sweeps in Hampshire County field. (Miller). WISCONSIN - Adults numerous in
most alfalfa swept in southern half of State. Counts 8-10 per sweep. (Wis. Ins.
Sux: )):

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Averaging 250
per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in Yuma Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

GRASSHOPPERS - MICHIGAN - Mostly Melanoplus femurrubrum (redlegged grasshopper)
nymphs 292 in 20 sweeps of alfalfa in Ingham County. Watch field crops later in
season. (Ruppel, Romers).

SOYBEANS

SPOTTED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) - TENNESSEE - Adults
4-5 per 10 stalks caused moderate damage to 2 inch tall Soybeans in Franklin
County. (Cagle).

STRIPED BLISTER BEETLE (Epicauta vittata) - IOWA - Damaged 20 rows (200 linear
feet each) in Ringgold County field July 7. Feeding on lower parts of soybeans
in Mahaska County (6 per linear foot), and Van Buren and Wapello Counties in
spots of 0.25-0.5 acre. Damaged end rows of field in Washington County July 7.
(iowa Ins’. Sur.)

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ALABAMA - Adults light in
Dallas County. Occasional 10 to 20-inch plant falling due to earlier girdling.
(Smith et al.).

GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - ILLINOIS - Still light, but situation will
bear watching. (Sur. Bull.).

PEANUTS

A BURROWING STINK BUG (Pangaeus bilineatus) - TEXAS - Increased slightly in Frio
County. Fields treated and excellent results obtained. (Green).

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - TEXAS - Continuing to increase
in irrigated peanuts in Eastland and Comanche Counties. Most dryland peanuts

still small and only light infestations. Larval infestations in Hill County 10
percent and in Comanche and Eastland Counties ranged 0-26 percent. (Hoelscher).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties,
punctured squares averaged 3 (maximum 12) percent in 48 treated fields; in 11
untreated fields averaged 4.9 (maximum 27.3) percent. (Cowan et al.). OKLAHOMA -
Puncutred squares ranged 1-4 percent in Tillman County. Light to moderate in
Garvin County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). AKRANSAS - Below control level in most fields.
Total of 6,935 fields surveyed;,2,174 infested. Surveys indicate controls may be
needed in more fields than during 1970 for first-generation weevils. (Barnes et
al.). Punctured squares more than 50 percent in Pope County from overwintered
weevils. Numbers appear to be declining. (Boyer). MISSISSIPPI - In delta counties,
punctured squares averaged 2.5 percent in 12 of 22 fields. In pheromone-baited
wing traps recovered 5 weevils in Washington County and 4 in Bolivar County.
(Pfrimmer et al.). ALABAMA - First “hatchout" of first generation on early cotton
over south and central areas. Egg laying in Squares is general. Punctured 20-75
percent of squares in older fields in Greene, Dallas, Montgomery, Lee, and other
counties. Much cotton not fully fruiting and thereby first “hatchout" of weevils
just begun or not at all. Damage increased slightly in north area with occasional
small field approaching economic levels of 10-25 percent Squares punctured.
Weather most favorable in 10+ years for Survival of larvae and pupae in Squares
during this first generation. (McQueen). TENNESSEE - Punctured squares ranged 10
to 32 percent in infested fields. Infestations heavier in older cotton. Control

TOM

needed in many of fields in southern tier of counties. First-generation weevils
will appear in older cotton by July 20. Expect lull between generations, July 15
and 20. (Locke). NORTH CAROLINA - Weevils 20 in 90 sexlure traps in Northampton
County. Egg punctures appearing on squares on July 1; First-generation larvae not
observed to date. (Threatt, Bradley). SOUTH CAROLINA - In Florence County,
emergence of Overwintered weevils complete, few first-generation weevils in
test fields. No weevils taken on wing traps and live traps. (Taft et al.).

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - ARIZONA - Larvae 3 and eggs 23 in 430 fields checked
in Graham County and damaged squares 0.3, terminals .07, squares .03 and eggs
0.4 per 100 plants in Pinal County June 30 to July 6. H. zea Should be watched
for buildup in Salt River Valley, Maricopa County. Larvae found. (Ariz. Coop.
Sur.). TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties, increase in moth catches in
blacklight traps. Some increase in egg laying in younger cotton. Predators
migrating into cotton. Eggs averaged 1.9 and larvae 0.2 per 100 terminals in 48
treated fields; in 10 untreated fields eggs averaged 2 and larvae 0.1 per 100
terminals. Injured squares averaged 0.6 percent in 48 treated fields. Of 30
larvae collected from cotton and identified, 22 H. virescens. (Cowan et al.).
ARKANSAS - Moth counts light in east and northeast areas. Heavy count of 1,050
moths in 0.5 mile row of cotton and Soybeans July 6 and 204 on July 8 in Pulaski
County. Eggs and small larvae expected soon. Of 6,935 fields surveyed; 1,621
infested. (Barnes et al.). MISSISSIPPI - In delta counties, eggs and larvae
light in terminals. Injured squares averaged 4.4 percent in 20 of 22 fields.
(Pfrimmer et al.). ALABAMA - Eggs and larvae increased in Dallas and Montgomery
Counties; 10-25 percent of terminals slightly damaged in many fields. Only
occasional larva survived heavy predator buildup. Young larvae 7-30 per 100
terminals and in squares in 2 nearby fields. Effort increased to stop this
outbreak. (McQueen). SOUTH CAROLINA - In Florence County, populations light.
Moth activity peaked week ending July 2. Currently decreasing. Blacklight trap
collections totaled 61 H. zea and no a. virescens. (Taft et al.).

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Larvae at Bowie and San Simon,
Cochise County. Larvae increaSing on west side of Salt River Valley, Maricopa
County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

COTTON LEAFPERFORATOR (Bucculatrix thurberiella) - ARIZONA - Some previously
treated fields in trouble again in Yuma County. Wrong insecticide used. (Ariz.
Coop. Sur.).

COTTON FLEAHOPPER (Pseudatomoscelis seriatus) - NEW MEXICO - Five per 25 sweeps
at Carlsbad, Eddy County. (Mathews). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 50 per 100 plants of
cotton at Tipton, Tillman County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Adults 1 and nymphs 0.3 per 100 sweeps in
430 fields in Graham County and adults 7, nymphs 1, and damaged squares 3 per
100 plants in Pinal County June 30 to July 6. Averaging 50 per 100 sweeps in
Yuma Valley, Yuma County. Increasing at Parker Valley. Some fields strip
sprayed at Parker. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TENNESSEE - L. lineolaris (tarnished
plant bug) still causing damage and increasing but below control levels. (Locke,
Johnson).

TOBACCO

BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - MARYLAND - Damage ranged 40-60 percent in
several St. Marys County fields totaling 10 acres. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

SUGAR BEETS

SUGARBEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - WYOMING - Eggs in nearly all Park
County fields and in many WaSshakie County fields. Few late instars. (Burkhardt).
MINNESOTA - Maggots averaged 1.2 per beet in Kittson County near Robbin;
infestations ranged 6-20 percent. Plants stunted with many root hairs. (Minn.
Pest Rpt.).

- 512 -
YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera ornithogalli) - ARIZONA - Active, averaging

1 per plant, in Stewart district, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

BEET WEBWORM (Loxostege sticticalis) - WYOMING - Eggs, larvae, and few adults
remain at Powell, Park County. Some controls applied. (Burkhardt).

MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS

SUNFLOWER MOTH (Homoeosoma electellum) - TEXAS - Larvae 2-3 per head of sunflowers
in intermediate to late Stage of maturity in Reeves County. (Neeb).

HOP APHID (Phorodon humuli) - OREGON - Heavy on hops in Grants Pass, Josephine
County, due to cool weather. Controls being applied 2 weeks later than normal.
(Larson).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - MASSACHUSETTS - Adults, eggs,
and larvae 10-30 per untreated potato plant in Hampshire County. (Jensen).

MAINE - Some injury from Caribou south in Aroostook County. (Gall).

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OHIO - Larvae averaged 6.5 per potato
plant on 35 acres near Smithville, Wayne County. (Rings).

GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - DELAWARE - Heavy on potatoes at Dover, Kent
County. (Boys).

COLE CROPS

IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) - NEW MEXICO - Damage extends into heads in
most cabbage fields at Albuquerque, Bernalillo County. (Heninger).

STRIPED FLEA BEETLE (Phyllotreta striolata) - OHIO - Adult damage heavy on
radishes in Wayne County on July 2. (Rings).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

ASPARAGUS APHID (Brachycolus asparagi) - NEW JERSEY - Alates on brush in Somerset
County. Stunted and matted growth on young asparagus ferns. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.).

DETECTION
New County and Island Records - ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) OREGON - Morrow
(p. 509). HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) KANSAS - Dickinson, Morris,

Riley; MISSOURI - Cole, Linn, Livingston (p. 513). A LACE BUG (Stephanitis
takeyai) PENNSYLVANIA - Allegheny (p. 513). A LYGAEID BUG (Tempyra biguttula)
HAWAII — Lanai (p. 517). YELLOW SUGARCANE APHID (Sipha flava) ARKANSAS -
Woodruff (p. 508).

- 513 =

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

SAN JOSE SCALE (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus) - WEST VIRGINIA - Killed half of
branches on young apple trees in Kanawha County. (Cole). OKLAHOMA - Killing
ornamental plum at Stillwater, Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). WASHINGTON -
White caps and black caps on unsprayed apple trees near Yakima, Yakima County.
(Johnson). Crawlers active on apple near Naches. (Gregorich) .

APHIDS - CALIFORNIA - Brachycaudus helichrysi adults 25 per leaf on scattered pears
and apples at McArthur, Shasta County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.) .NEW MEXICO - Myzus
persicae (Green peach aphid) severe in spots, but generally light to medium on

plum trees with some twisted leaves at Albuquerque, Bernalillo County. (Heninger) ,
PENNSYLVANIA —- Aphis pomi (Apple aphid) heavier on apple, 150 per leaf, at
Arendsville, Adams County. (Asquith). MAINE - A, pomi still increasing in some
orchards, Severely curled leaves on many terminals and noticeable honeydew in
Kennebec County. (Wave).

SPIDER MITES - OREGON - Tetranychus urticae (twospotted spider mite) and Panonychus
ulmi (European red mite) increased in commercial pear orchards at Medford, Jackson
County. Up to 100 per 200 leaves but much lower than in 1970 at this time.
Typhlodromus spp. remain heavy. (Penrose). MARYLAND - P. ulmi counts not economic,
expected to increase with continued warm weather. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).
PENNSYLVANIA - P. ulmi heavier on apple, 4-5 per 100 leaves, at Arendsville,

Adams County. (Asquith).

PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - OKLAHOMA - Destroyed 17-41 percent of
elusters on unsprayed pecans in Rogers County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Eggs
and damaged nuts on pecans in De Witt County. Some pecan groves in this area
sprayed for second time. (Cole).

WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) - NEW MEXICO - Very light on few pecan
trees surveyed at Carlsbad, Eddy County. (Mathews). OKLAHOMA - Heavy on black
walnut in Mayes County and pecan in Wagoner County. On pecans in Payne County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). ALABAMA - Larvae heavy in almost all pecan groves in Grand
Bay, Mobile County. Second-generation larvae first observed July 3. (Seibels
Git avila),

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - ALABAMA - Heavier in pecans in Dallas County
but not so heavy as in record infestation of 1970. (Alsobrook). OKLAHOMA -
Scattered moderate to heavy infestations on pecan trees in Several counties.
@kila, (Coop), (Sur);

ORNAMENTALS

HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) - KANSAS - Adults on hollyhock in nurseries
in Dickinson, Morris, and Riley Counties. Determined by K,O. Bell and W. Iselin.
These are new county records. (Bell). MISSOURI - Adults collected in Cole County
(Hanning) and in Livingston and Linn Counties. (Burgess). These are new county
records. (Munson).

BAGWORM (Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis) ~- OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy on ever-
greens in northern, central, southeast, and south-central areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
TENNESSEE - Damage moderate to heavy statewide. Controls ineffective as larvae
mature. (Cagle, Jennings). WEST VIRGINIA - Larvae damaged ornamentals throughout
Kanawha County. (Cole). DELAWARE - Early instars on trees statewide. (Burbutis).

A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyai) PENNSYLVANIA - Adults heavy, 2-3 per leaf, on
rows of (Pieris japonica) (Japanese andromeda) June 21 in nursery at Pittsburgh,
Allegheny County. This is a new county record. (Simons).

- 514 -
FOREST AND SHADE TREES

SPRUCE BUDWORM (Choristoneura fumiferana) - MINNESOTA - Moth emergence common in
Koochiching and northern St. Louis Counties. Pupae in Cook County. (Minn. Pest
Rpt.) . WISCONSIN - Pupae dominant in Oneida County June 28. Defoliation light on
6,000 acres of mixed balsam fir and spruce. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - Adults
emerged everywhere in outbreak areas of Luce and Mackinac Counties. (Johnson).

JACK PINE BUDWORM (Choristoneura pinus) MINNESOTA - Mostly pupae, some sixth
instars still in east-central area. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Fourth to
sixth instars dominant in Vilas County June 27. Defoliation light on 3,000 acres
of jack pine. Parasitism by Apanteles heavy. Pupation 80 percent in Douglas and
Bayfield Counties July 7. Ranged 5-7 per 15-inch of twig. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).
MICHIGAN - Endemic populations only in Luce County. Pupation begun. (Johnson).

JACK PINE SAWFLY (Neodiprion pratti banksianae) MICHIGAN - Outbreak in north Luce
County on about 15,000 acres. Defoliation most severe in overmature stands and on
adjacent young trees. Late instars stripping many trees. (Johnson).

YELLOWHEADED SPRUCE SAWFLY (Pikonema alaskensis) MINNESOTA - Again widespread in
white spruce plantations. Middle instars in Carlton and Cook Counties, and later
instars in Itasca and Koochiching Counties. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

SARATOGA SPITTLEBUG (Aphrophora saratogensis) WISCONSIN - About 75 percent in
third and fourth instars and 25 percent in fifth instar June 28 in Vilas County.
Light to heavy on 6,000 acres of red pine plantations in Oneida and Vilas Counties
June 30. Fourth and fifth instars dominant at latter site.

WEEVILS - MINNESOTA - Hylobius radicis (pine root collar weevil) beginning to
pupate in central Pine County. Heavy on Scotch pine in area. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).
MICHIGAN - Pissodes strobi (white pine weevil) larvae ate back through 1970's
growth on infested trees. Drooping leaders apparent throughout Upper Peninsula in
open jack pine plantations. (Johnson). DELAWARE - P, strobi damage at Hockessin,
Castle County. (Boys). % c

LARGE ASPEN TORTRIX (Choristoneura conflictana) WISCONSIN - Defoliated 60 percent
of 2,500 acres of quaking aspen in Menominee County by June 14. Pupae dominant at
that time. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Egg masses very common in St. Louis,
Lake, Cook, and Carlton Counties. Outlook for serious aspen defoliation in 1972.
(Minn. Pest Rpt.).

A NOTODONTID MOTH (Symmerista canicosta) MICHIGAN - Hatch should be complete soon.
(Wallner). Egg survival high, over 95 percent. Preliminary egg surveys indicate
more widespread defoliation than in 1970. Average of 19 egg masses per 1,000
leaves, (Eiber).

SADDLED PROMINENT (Heterocampa guttivitta) - WEST VIRGINIA - Damage light to
sugar maple saplings in Braxton County. Larvae collected at Sutton, by

R. D. Whipkey July 7, 1971. Confirmed by A.E. Cole. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.). NEW
HAMPSHIRE - Eggs and instars on maple. Larvae 5 per leaf on some trees, possible
heavy defoliation at Rumney, Grafton County. (Mason, Hutchins).

FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - PENNSYLVANIA - Many adults emerged;
heavy in several hundred acres at Donegal and Cook township, Westmoreland County,
July 1. (Dinsmore).

SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BARK BEETLE (Scolytus multistriatus) - SOUTH CAROLINA -
Collected on 2 winged elms at Rock Hill, York County. One tree dead and other
showed symptoms of Dutch Elm disease. Second case of Dutch Elm disease in State.
(Witcher, Fox).

- 515 -

ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - NEW MEXICO - Moderately heavy on Siberian
elm, but lighter than in previous seasons at Albuquerque, Bernalillo County.
(Heninger) . COLORADO - Still troublesome on elm at Greeley, Weld County. Controls
recommended. (Urano). NEBRASKA - Severe defoliation to American and Siberian elms
in several locations. (Hagen, Roselle).

MAN AND ANIMALS

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - OKLAHOMA - Ranged 500-1,000 per head on cattle
in Woodward County and 300-500 per head in Payne County. Moderate to heavy in
Craig, Ottawa, Cleveland, Kingfisher, and Johnston Counties. (Okla. Coop, Sur.).
IOWA - Up to 35 (average 13.5) per side on untreated cow herd in Story County
uly clowal. Ins), Sunk).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) OKLAHOMA - Averaged 3 per head on untreated
dairy cattle in Payne County. Heavy on horses in Garfield County. (Okla. Coop.
Sur.). IOWA - Cool, damp weather decreased average of 26.6 per leg June 30 to
average of 10.2 per leg (range 0-33) in untreated cow herd in Story County July 7.
(Iowa Ins. Sur.). WISCONSIN - Severely annoyed cattle in Calumet County. Moderate
in Polk, Chippewa, Rock, Adams, and Walworth Counties. Spraying underway in most
areas. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on livestock at La Honda, San
Mateo County. This is a new county record. Collected by J. Linton on July 2.
Activity increased from 7-15 up to 25 per face in Marin County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).
IOWA - Up to 10 (averaged 3.2)per face in untreated cow herd in Story County

July 7. (Iowa Ins. Sur.).

MOSQUITOES -—- MINNESOTA - Aedes vexans in 76 percent of 584 larval collections
for week ending July 3 made in Metropolitan Mosquito Control District. Of 6,760
females in district's 16 light traps, A. vexans constituted 48 percent of catch
and Coquillettidia perturbans was second at 12 percent. Of 266 mosquitoes in 22
evening bite collections, 164 were A. vexans. Of 2,504 mosquitoes in 205 daytime
bite collections, 1,200 were A. vexans, 312 A. trivittatus, 243 A. fitchii, 184
A. stimulans, 128 A. sticticus, 139 A. excrucians, and 117 C. perturbans.

(Minn. Pest Rpt.). WISCONSIN — Continue spotty and confined to wooded lowlands
or immediate vicinity. Aedes cinereus continues dominant biter with A. stimulans
secondary. Moderately annoyed cattle in Rock, Chippewa, Calumet, and Polk
Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

BLACK FLIES (Simulium spp.) - MAINE - Annoyance by S. venustum declining in
Penobscot Valley. Most of annoyance from now until October will be due to
S. jenningsi. (McDaniel).

CATTLE TICKS (Boophilus spp.) - TEXAS - Following species identified on bovine
during June by county: B. microplus (southern cattle tick) Cameron, Hidalgo and
Zapata; B. annulatus (cattle tick) Maverick. (Anim. Health IDBiVy 5) &

A COMBFOOTED SPIDER (La trodectus variolus) - KENTUCKY - Several specimens taken
from dwelling in Bullitt County. (Barnett).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

LADY BEETLES - KANSAS - Adults, mostly Hippodamia convergens (convergent lady
beetle), up to 1 per sorghum plant in 3 Schizaphis graminum (greenbug) and
Rhopalosiphum maidis (corn leaf aphid) infested fields in Geary County.

tredecimpunctata and Coleomegilla maculata adults seen occasionally. Larvae
Aenea 0.5-2 per plant and egg masses 0.1-0.5. Larvae of Scymnus spp. averaged
0-2 per plant but no adults seen. (Bell). OKLAHOMA - H. convergens Adults 3-15
per 10 alfalfa sweeps in Alfalfa, Harper, Ellis, and Woodward Counties.
Occasional larva. Adults 0-2 per grain sorghum plant in northwest area with
occasional egg mass. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

- 516 -

A CINNABAR MOTH (Tyria jacobaeae) - WASHINGTON - Moth flight heavy; eggs on
tansy ragwort in Clark County. (Shanks).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - OHIO - Leaf damage ranged 0-70 percent

in Lorain County with 87 percent of plants sampled showing damage; varied between
0-30 percent in Ashtabula County, with about 16 percent of oat plants sampled
showing damage; ranged from 0-70 percent in Trumbull County, with about 25.5
percent of plants sampled showing leaf damage, 1 to 5 percent of plants sampled
in Geauga County showing damage. (Andress, Pratt).

CITRUS BLACKFLY (Aleurocanthus woglumi) - MEXICO - All infestation at Matamoros,
Tamaulipas,received third treatment. Mortality checks indicate all infestations
eliminated as of July 8. Seventeen infested citrus trees found in northwestern
portion of Reynosa; some within 200 feet of U.S.-Mexico border. Surveys in U.S.
adjacent to new finds increased. (PPD).

GOLDEN NEMATODE (Heterodera rostochiensis) - NEW YORK - Spring phase of survey
in Steuben County and surrounding areas completed July 2-8 all samples negative.
No viable cysts found in upstate since October 1968, except on research farm.
(PPD).

GRASSHOPPERS - NEVADA - Melanoplus sanguinipes, Mostly adults but in several
areas all instars, infesting 5,000-6,000 acres of alfalfa hay and alfalfa hay
with grain cover crop in Hualapai Valley, Washoe County. Ranged 3-30

(averaged 10-16) per square yard. (Bechtel, Martinelli) .OKLAHOMA - Large area of
rangeland in Ellis County controlled. Grasshoppers ranged 10-15 per square yard.
Averaged 5 per square yard in Major and Woods Counties. Dominant species
Ageneotettix deorum, Amphitornus coloradus, Melanoplus spp., Mermeria sp., and
Hesperotettix speciosus. Scattered moderate to heavy infestations in rangeland,
Bermuda grass pastures, crop margins, and home gardens from all areas of State.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Treatment applied in corn and sorghum in Douglas
and Washington Counties. Some treating on rangeland in Comanche County. (Bell).
NORTH DAKOTA - Damage evident in southeast Cass County. Portions of barley and
wheatfields with up to 90 percent of leaves stripped. Up to 8 per square yard in
fields; up to 60 per square yard in margins. Melanoplus bivittatus dominant
species, Adults present and mating. (Brandvik). IDAHO - Total of 100,800 acres
treated during June. Additional treatments planned. (Evans) .

A GRASS BUG (Irbisia pacifica) - NEVADA - Heavy and damaging to 10,000 acres of
crested wheatgrass in Pine Valley, Eureka County, and at Jiggs, Elko County. Leaf
damage severe and potential for severe seed loss throughout entire acreage.
(Lauderdale).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Late instars killed by disease
near Rochester, Strafford County. (Nehring). RHODE ISLAND - First adults in
Providence County. Many complaints on larvae in Providence, Kent, and Washington
Counties. Many pupae noted. (Relli, Field). PENNSYLVANIA - Larvae heavy on oaks
and maples in 5-acre area at New Tripoli, Lehigh County (no egg cluster in 1970).
(Garra, Raub); treated six 40-acre blocks with disparlure to attempt "'confustion"
of native populations. Infestation light to heavy, and first male caught on

July 2. (Cameron).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - First adults at Manchester,
Hillsborough County, June 30. (Lafleur). PENNSYLVANIA - Adults in Centre Coonty
June 27. (Keim); adults heavy on roses, willows, and sugar maples (average 4 per
branch) in Centre County July 7 (Kim). MICHIGAN - First adults in Macomb County
July 6. (Moore). OHIO - Damaged grapes at Dundee, Tuscarawas County. (Rings) .
WEST VIRGINIA - First adults in Mineral County July 4. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.). NORTH -
CAROLINA - Usual damage statewide to grapevines, roses, crab apples, and corn
ears. (Choate et al). TENNESSEE - Adults trapped in Carter, Hawkins, and Davidson
Counties. (Gordon et al.).

= Oli —

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Turf, Pasture - Adults of a SKIPPER (Hylephila phylaeus) light, 6-8 on several
Bermuda grass lawns at Halawa, Oahu. (Au

General Vegetables - All stages of Liriomyza spp. (leafminer flies) and
Trialeurodes vaporariorum (greenhouse whitefly) moderate to heavy in fields of
yardiongbeans, tomato, Snap beans, and eggplant at Waianae, Waimanalo, and Ewa,
Oahu; and at Kapahi, Kauai. (Yamamoto et al.).

Fruits and Nuts - BARNACLE SCALE (Ceroplastes cirripediformis) larvae and adults
Tight in 40 acres of passionfruit (Passiflora edulis) at Kahului, Maui. About

90 percent parasitized, primarily by Coccidoxenus mexicanus (an encyrtid wasp).
Adults of C. mexicanus moderate. (Miyahira) .

Forest and Shade Trees - All stages of CUBAN LAUREL THRIPS (Cynaikothrips ficorum)
light on 6 Chinese banyan (Ficus retusa) trees at Lahaina, Maui. Adults of
Montandoniola moraguesi (an anthocorid bug), which started activity several weeks
ago, helped reduce thrips infestation. (Miyahira). All stages of an APHID (Pineus
pini) heavy in 15 acres of Pinus pinaster at Waikii, Hawaii. Terminal dieback of
younger trees readily observed in area. (Yoshioka). KOA HAOLE LOOPER (Anacamptodes
fragilaria) larvae heavy on foliage of koa haole at Moanalua, Oahu. Random
sampling on 5-foot branches revealed 90 percent infestation. (Kashiwai,
Matsukado).

Man and Animals —- All stages of a DOG FLY (Musca sorbens) heavy in dog droppings
at Kona, Hawaii. Adults annoying in Kailua and other areas on Oahu. (Ikeda).

Beneficial Insects - ROSY PREDATOR SNAIL a rosea) adults (20) moderate
among populations of GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina ful fulica) at University of

Hawaii, Oahu. (Olson).

Miscellaneous - Adults of a LYGAEID BUG (Tempyra biguttula) adults collected at
Tight at Manele Bay, Lanai, June 1971. This is a new island record previously
recorded from Oahu, Kauai, and Niihau. (Gagne).

Weather of the week continued from page 504.

Blythe, California, with afternoon temperatures averaging 111° was one of the
hottest places in the Nation. Some cooling occurred over the northern Great
Plains at midweek and temperatures remained mostly in 70's Wednesday afternoon,
Early morning temperatures ranged from the 40's and 50's over the northern Great
Plains to the upper 70's in much of central and eastern Texas. The mercury
dropped to 31° at Kalispell and Missoula, Montana, Wednesday morning. A high
centered over the Prairie Provinces of Canada brought cooler weather to the
Northeast Sunday. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, registered 89° Saturday but no higher
than 60° Sunday afternoon. Temperatures averaged below normal over the Northwest,
North Central, and Southeast and warmer than normal over the Southwest, South
Central, and Northeast.

- 518 -

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VOL. 21, No. 30 July 23, 1971

ai Coo peta five
ECONOMIC INSECT
a, REBAR

\ RONSON
JUL 28 1974
Ul

/BRARIED

IRAE eel by
PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 July 23, 1971 Number 30

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

ARMYWORM expected to increase on Small grain in eastern South Dakota. CORN LEAF
APHID heavy on sorghum in Oklahoma and Indiana. (p. 521). GREENBUG building up
on sorghum in South Dakota. Damaged sorghum in Missouri. Economic in sorghum in
Kansas. Moderate in Oklahoma. (pp. 521-522).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER heavy in corn in Maryland and Iowa. (pp. 522-523).

PLUM CURCULIO larvae damaged cherries in Michigan. PEARSLUG damaged cherry and
pear in Utah. (p. 529).

HORN FLY troublesome to cattle in several States. TABANID FLIES annoying livestock
in Utah and New Mexico. (p. 533).

GRASSHOPPERS heavy in grasslands in Wyoming, Washington, Nevada, North Dakota,
Nebraska, and Idaho. (p. 534).

Detection

New State records include an ARMORED SCALE from Delaware (p. 532) and a
MEMBRACID from Hawaii (p. 536).

For new county and parish records see page 535.

Special Reports

Distribution of Carrot Rust Fly. Map. (p. 538).

Reports in this isSue are for week ending July 16 unless otherwise indicated.

Ka tele)

- 520 -

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional Silom i Cancelae cicisle ol clereicl ol clei ofetelelelsliotciole) ole) e/eloleistetaholetenetocil
Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........022 Beans and DE ASbyeie) clevelele) cle) clelelolele\eielr ail]
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland..........524 Cole CropS...e.sssesceesececee eee d2T
MOragee Vue SUMES'. <crelc.ciclelclcleie.e olels cleletalsl O24 CUCUTDIES*.,c1slsieleloherecche slsioletesocroieiotertetae e
Soybeansin sacle coe ciecies cccccie cowie Jelez0n sGenerals Vegetables.) rvclelelele\sialellepacaey
PEAaNUtS = occ cccccwscccecccvecevieies. ce DeDn Wee duous: Eruits) and! NUtS< cj erento
Got OMe co.cc ee nee ealeta es Sele cio els oa Die Citrus pekrctectevercichelo Meracchote\e)evclletecelolensl cue!
TODAGCOM ne sin cicn tice ec sliclelclgiciccle So bri DLOM cOma Tele Morb Srevepelersietclereleleisrelcnsloneyonekormlcns
Sugar Be esi ciecietenersisteleteiciele cferelcheisiorn O20 Ornamental Sicsjiscc ose clcloiclesslenoterehenchstocns
Miscellaneous Field Crops..........527 Forest and Shade Trees...........031
Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers........527 Man and Animals..........+.+.+--.932

National Weather Service's 30—Day Outlook. ....ccccsccecscccccosscvcse eee sieeJes
Beneficial InSeGtSmiamie cles oaisiamiere oleic clelenle oi cxcleioveyeleei/eliela\aleleve)(ovela c\lalei'e feVolioeieNalotaiekeienematcnanet
De Gectdoney sss coro pinaicve corn akeve:cheleveiel cvetolevetetoneie tee cloielevelevelcionelellalcle (siete (ole tctalettetoleletoteNete nto nao
CORTECETONS eo Pieic homie ciclo .o clei elateveleve oleleieieevedererele) oiletel eveieleke) olleveraifelloiala)ofo) sic\eVo) fete k McNett
Hawaii, Insect Report co c.oc cee oo cysieie clele clelelsteleve ele sielaln crc ieletetevarelc etalieloe total eleNefatetenetsmeiiclete
Might Trap) Comlecti Ons «occ tcleleccreio eierel ois) steieie:selols\ eis cele lofelelelefeloln/ oleic (elololelolefolotNeitetata atl
Distribution of Carrot Rust Elly. MaDpisss os as sslstelccislcle.clcleie oleic cielcie ole elele clei ctefelctctetettoase

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JULY 19

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data
Service, NOAA.

HIGHLIGHTS: Summer heat continued in the Southwest and southern Great Plains. A
cooling trend in the Northeast brought the coolest weather since mid-June. Heavy
thundershowers dotted the central Great Plains and Deep South.

PRECIPITATION: An outbreak of severe thunderstorms occurred in the upper
MisSisSSippi River’ Valley during the forenoon and early afternoon, Monday July
12. Winds at Rochester, Minnesota, gusting to 87 m.p.h. blew a school bus off
the road and downed trees and power lines. Hail as large as eggs fell in nearby
areas. Gusts exceeding 80 m.p.h. destroyed a barn and crushed an airplane at
Rice Lake, Wisconsin. Tornadoes occurred at scattered locations in Iowa Monday
afternoon and evening. Showers fell in the Southeast from Mississippi to the
Carolinas. Showers occurred Tuesday evening in northern Missouri and the lower
Ohio River Valley. Light to heavy showers fell over the Southeast the latter
part of the week. Meridian, Mississippi, received 4.88 inches of rain late
Friday and early Saturday. Saturday brought generous Showers to the Missouri
River Valley from Yankton, South Dakota, to Columbia, Missouri, to parts of the
Ohio River Valley and the Northeast. Most of New Mexico and Texas received no
rain. Duststorms occurred in some dry areas.

TEMPERATURE: Cool, comfortable air spilled into the Northern States early in the
week. The maximums Monday afternoon ranged from the 70's to the low 80's over

the northern border States. The southwestern deserts continued hot with afternoon
temperatures of 111° to 116° at many locations. Citizens from eastern Colorado

to central Texas roasted in 100° heat. La Junta, Colorado, registered 108° and
Garden City, Kansas, 107°. Winslow, Arizona, registered 109° Tuesday afternoon.
This is warmest temperature of record at Winslow. The southeast was hot and

humid with maximums in the high 80's and 90's. Early morning temperatures were
generally in the 40's and 50's over the northern border States and the 70's

Weather of the week continued on page 528.

— @eyl

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Larvae and pupae noted in
lodged wheatgrass and alfalfa in northern Sanborn County. Possible buildup in
small grain in eastern areas middle to late July. Blacklight trap collections
June 28 to July 2 totaled 1,246 moths at Brookings, Brookings County. (Jones).
MICHIGAN - Damage spotty in cornfields in Kent County. Only 1 field sprayed.
Others beyond point of spraying. (Knisely). NEW YORK - Larvae ranged 5-10 per
square yard in spots in orchard grass in Chautauqua County. Infestations reported
in no-till corn. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., July 12).

ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - WISCONSIN - Populations heavy in
Oconto County area but controls effective. Expect problems caused by rains and
winds and heavy populations; average of 2 per sweep in carrots and 1 per head of
lettuce. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - IDAHO - Planned controls cancelled due

to cold, wet weather through first week of June. Host plants remained lush and
leafhopper migration to cropland light. (Evans). UTAH - Leafhoppers and curly-top
disease in tomatoes very light to date (Duncan, Knowlton); curly-top disease 5
percent in Washington County tomatoes (Huber).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - NORTH CAROLINA - Expected increase occurring in
Piedmont and upper Coastal Plain. Counts in 6 cornfields in Johnston County
increased from 36 larvae per 50 row feet per field previous week to 158 for
current period. Counts remain low (10 larvae per 300 row feet) in Bertie County;
however, increase will occur. (Bradley). MARYLAND - Moths ranged 1-4 at black-
light traps near Snow Hill, Worcester County, at Hurlock, Dorchester County, and
at Centreville, Queen Annes County. Ear damage remains light, expected to increase.
(U. Md., Ent. Dept.). DELAWARE - Second-generation moths light in blacklight
traps in Sussex County. (Burbutis). INDIANA - Middle instars occasionally
observed in corn whorls over much of State. (Huber). OKLAHOMA - Moderate on
sorghum in Murray County. Occasional larva seen in corn in panhandle counties.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy in scattered grain
sorghum in Craig and Ottawa Counties. Moderate to heavy in most grain sorghum
checked in Beaver, Texas, and Cimarron Counties. Ranged up to 250-400 per plant
in many fields; ranged up to 700 per plant in Cimarron County field. Light in
corn in panhandle counties, usually on emerging tassels. Ranged 0-100 per plant
on grain sorghum in Harmon County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Mostly light to
moderate in sorghum in northeast and east-central districts. (Bell). NEBRASKA -
Counts of 150-500+ per whorl, with most plants infested in Furnas County sorghum
field. (Keith, Fisher). NORTH DAKOTA - Colonies averaged 200 per plant on sorghum
in Dickey County field. (Brandvik). INDIANA - Percent infestation by district
averaged 10.2 (range 0-44) in 9 southwest fields, 16 (range 0-28) in 7 south-
central fields, and 10.5 (range 0-24) in 8 southeast district fields. Aphid
counts per plant generally small although occasional plants had counts in
thousands. Heavy infestations in sorghum reported from various areas of State.
(Meyer). KENTUCKY - Adults and nymphs heavy in 45 percent of corn examined in
Hickman County; light in Anderson County. Adults and nymphs infested 70 percent
of sorghum plants examined in Hickman County. (Barnett).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Building up on grain sorghum in
Aurora, Beadle, Bon Homme, Charles Mix, Clay, Davison, Douglas, Gregory,
Hutchinson, Moody, and Spink Counties. Heaviest in more southern counties. Some
treatments applied in Charles Mix County. In general, populations still below
economic numbers. (Kantack). NEBRASKA - Infested about 75 percent of sorghum
plants in one Furnas County field. Colonies of 5-115 aphids ranged O-3 per plant.
Little visible damage. (Keith, Fisher). Colonies of 10-15 aphids ranged 1-3 per
sorghum plant at Mead, Saunders County. Little evidence of parasitism. (Munson).
MISSOURI - Infestations on sorghum throughout northwest area. Ranged 200-3,000+
per plant on sorghum in late boot stage. On early planted sorghum greenbugs

= 522) =

discolored first 2-5 leaves; also infested late-planted sorghum. Found from whorl
throughout plant. Some controls applied. (Peters). KANSAS - Economic in some
sorghum surveyed in Geary, Anderson, Osage, Leavenworth, and Wyandotte Counties.
Counts per plant ranged by county (number fields surveyed per county in paren-
theses): Geary 200-1,250 (3); Wabaunsee 250-300 (2); Johnson 200-1,000 (3);
Douglas 200-600 (3); Franklin 200-1,000 (3); Osage 500-1,000 (2); Coffey none
(1); Anderson 3,500 (1); Riley 8.5-200 (4); Pottawatomie 10-200 (3); Leavenworth
1,200-2,000 (2); Wyandotte 1,650 (1); Stevens 80 (1); Kearny 0-3 (2); and
Wichita, 3-4 (2). In 3 fields in Geary County surveyed last week and again this
week, populations (per plant) increased as follows: From 630 to 1,250; from 60
to 950; and from 35 to 200. Parasitism less than 4 percent in these fields.
(Bell).

OKLAHOMA - Schizaphis graminum ranged 500-1,000 per plant in scattered grain
sorghum in Ottawa County. Averaged 100 per plant in field in Craig County. Ranged
up to 250 per plant on grain sorghum in scattered fields in Texas and Cimarron
Counties. Heaviest usually in older fields while younger fields seldom averaged
more than 100 per plant. Ranged 0-50 per plant in few fields in western Beaver
County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Found in sorghum field in Clay County and
in 2 Greene County fields. This is a new county record in Clay County. Infesta-
tions light and scattered. (Boyer). MISSISSIPPI - Moderate on sorghum in Leflore
County. (Sartor, July 9).

HORNWORMS (Manduca spp.) - MICHIGAN - M. quinquemaculata (tomato hornworm) and

M. sexta (tobacco hornworm) collections at all blacklight stations indicate these
pests earlier and more abundant than normal. (Newman). MARYLAND - Infestations of
M. quinquemaculata and M. sexta ranged 1-5 percent in most tobacco in Charles,
Prince Georges, Calvert, and St. Marys Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). KENTUCKY -
M. sexta larvae damaged tobacco in Pulaski County; defoliation 20 percent at one
Tocation. Infestation light on tobacco in Trigg County. (Barnett).

POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) —- VERMONT - Increased on legumes period ending
July 13. (Nielsen). MARYLAND - Heavy and spotty, mostly 0-10 per sweep. Heaviest
(800 acres) ranged 20-50 per sweep of alfalfa in Baltimore, Harford, Carroll, and
Frederick Counties. Some yellowing in heaviest infested fields in Frederick
County. Ranged 0-10 per sweep of alfalfa east of Kent County on Eastern Shore.
(U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WISCONSIN - Generally light throughout northeastern area
and averaged about 3 per sweep in central area. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

TOBACCO BUDWORM (Heliothis virescens) - MARYLAND - Tobacco plants infested with
second and third instars ranged 1-4 percent in many areas of St. Marys, Calvert,
Anne Arundel, and Prince Georges Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). TENNESSEE - Very
light in tobacco areas surveyed in Robertson and Greene Counties. Parasitism
heavy. (Pless, Eisler).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NORTH CAROLINA - Spot checks in 23
fields of sweet and field corn (Silking stage or beyond) in Nash, Wilson,
Edgecombe, Martin, and Bertie Counties indicate about 2 percent infestation by
first generation. Second-generation larvae appearing; however, little loss
expected. (Hunt). KENTUCKY - Larvae damaged corn in Trigg County; infestation
10-30 percent. (Barnett). MARYLAND - First-brood larvae continue to pupate
throughout Eastern Shore. No pupation west of Chesapeake Bay. Infested stalks
throughout State ranged 0-10 percent depending on age of corn. Heavy in all areas
of State. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). DELAWARE - Adults averaged 19 per night in black-
light traps. Infestations averaged 10 percent in field corn in New Castle County,
most in third and fourth instar. Eggs in Sussex County on peppers. (Burbutis).
OHIO - Borers infested 10-75 percent of corn plants in Tuscarawas County.
(Veley). Larvae beginning to burrow into tassels and stalks. Spraying at this
time no longer effective. (Andress). MICHIGAN - First-generation adult emergence
complete at all blacklight stations. Counts dropped to 2 moths at Lenawee County
station. Larval activity persists with most boring into host plants. Potatofields

- 523 =

in Monroe County showed light infestation by third instars in lateral shoots.
(Newman). Found in field corn, especially in central areas. Most larvae in whorls
or in stalks. Some pupation. New adults will emerge next 14-21 days. Heavy and
spotty in field corn in Kent County (Knisely) and Shiawassee County (Austin),
(Sauer). INDIANA - About 50 percent of fields usually visited during fall corn
insect survey in southern area examined for first-generation Ostrinia nubilalis
infestations. Percent infestation as follows: Southwest - 12.4 (range 0-36) in

9 fields with average of 9 (range 0-16) larvae per 100 stalks; south-central -
6.8 (range 0-20) in 7 fields with average of 8.6 (range 0-28) larvae per 100
stalks; southeast - 7.5 (range 0-24) in 8 fields with average of 5.5 (range 0-20)
larvae per 100 stalks. More than 2 larvae in single stalk observed only once;

all ages of larvae frequently found in single fields. (Meyer). WISCONSIN -
Blacklight trap collections light at all reporting sites. Larvae in all stages of
development. Surveys showed 80 percent infestation near Endeavor, 32 percent at
Westfield, 32 percent at Weyauwega, 56 percent at Hancock, 1 percent at Horton-
ville, 1 percent at Green Bay, 48 percent at West Salem, 40 percent at Eau
Claire, 10-70 percent in Dodge County, and up to 100 percent at some sites in
Trempealeau and Adams Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Average number
infested plants (average number of borers) per 100 plants by district: Southwest
36 (72), west-central 61 (204), central 55 (161), east-central 17 (41). (Minn.
Pest Rpt.).

NORTH DAKOTA - O. nubilalis light in southeast grain corn producing counties.
Shotholing in 50 percent of fields checked in Richland, Dickey, and Barnes
Counties; 0-25 percent of plants infested. Egg masses still in Richland County.
Most borers in second instar. (Brandvik). SOUTH DAKOTA - Continues to infest corn
in eastern areas. Adults abundant and oviposition noted in northern Moody County
and into Brookings County. Infestations of 100 percent in some fields in Sanborn
and Beadle Counties. Mostly in whorls. In heavily infested counties, infestations
100 percent in some grain sorghum, Borers in sorghum not expected to survive.
(Jones, July 9). IOWA - First-brood survey completed in 32 randomly selected
cornfields in Boone County July 12-13. In each field, 26 plants dissected. Borers
62 per 100 plants with 63 percent of plants infested. Survey showed 10,813 borers
per acre which compares to 3,271 per acre in 1970. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA -
Infested plants ranged 34-49 percent with 0-3 third to fifth instars per plant

in 4 Furnas County fields. (Keith). First generation beginning to pupate at Mead,
Saunders County (Munson). MISSOURI - Last instars, pupae, adults, and eggs found
in northern areas. Moth flights probably at peak in southeast area. (Houser).
KANSAS - Recent blacklight trap catches indicate first-generation moths emerging
in Brown and Riley Counties. (Bell).

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - COLORADO - Pupation about 30 per-
cent and some adult emergence in Logan County. (Donahue, Hantsbarger). OKLAHOMA -
Adult emergence light in cornfields in Texas and Beaver Counties. (Okla. Coop.
Sur.). MISSOURI - Adults averaged 1 per plant in several fields in northeast area.
Averaged 5 in severly lodged cornfield in north-central area. (Munson). NEBRASKA -
Pupation 50-75 percent and adult emergence 15-25 percent in Saunders County.
Adults average about 4 per corn plant, mostly males. (Munson).

NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) - TENNESSEE - Adults averaged 6
per ear of early planted corn in Weakley County. This is a new county record.
(Pless, Eisler). INDIANA - Adults (counts usually very low) present in occasional
field of corn in southwest, south-central, and southeast districts. Averaged 4
per plant in field beginning to silk in Hamilton County. (Meyer).

CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - OHIO - Larvae peaked this period. Adults of D.
longicornis (northern corn rootworm) and D. undecimpunctata howardi (southern

corn rootworm) appearing. (Musick). SOUTH DAKOTA — Diabrotica Spp. larvae severely
damaged corn in Freeman area of Hutchinson County; Some damage in fields treated
at planting time. Larvae damaged corn near Renner, Corson, and Garretson in
Minnehaha County. Damage to corn in these localities attributed to low degree of
control from misapplication of insecticides at planting time. Damage heavy in
Moody County. Heavy in 45-acre field of untreated corn. In same area, heavy in 15
acres of corn planted previously in Sudan grass in 1970. (Kantack).

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CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - OHIO - Adults averaged 5 per plant in
Union County; less than 2 percent of leaf area showed signs of damage. (Andress).
MARYLAND - Light to moderate in Baltimore, Carroll, Frederick, and Montgomery
Counties. Infestation ranged 8-65 percent (2,000 acres) in these counties.
Populations east of Chesapeake Bay light with damage below 5 percent in most
fields. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

DUSKY SAP BEETLE (Carpophilus lugubris) - MARYLAND - Heavy but spotty in 600
acres of sweet corn in Queen Annes, Kent, Talbot, and Dorchester Counties.
Damaged ears ranged 50-100 percent. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - COLORADO - Damage heavy to corn in La
Plata County. Controls applied. (Lorenz, Hantsbarger).

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Heavy on
late sorghum plantings in Chesterfield County and in few other areas. (Nettles).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - ARKANSAS - Populations light in 9 of 48
fields in northeast areas. Watch fields yet to bloom. Populations not expected
to increase soon. No important increase in Southwest and east-central areas,
(Boyer). MISSISSIPPI - Damage light to early planted grain sorghum in Quitman,
Copiah, and Jasper Counties. (Sartor).

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - OKLAHOMA - Moderate (2-4 leaves
infested) in corn in Texas County. Light (1 or 2 leaves infested) in western
Beaver County. Moderate in few fields of grain sorghum in Cimarron and northwest
Texas Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

YELLOW SUGARCANE APHID (Sipha flava) - ARKANSAS - Light in sorghum fields in Clay
County and in Greene County. These are new county records. (Boyer).

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

GREEN JUNE BEETLE (Cotinis nitida) - TENNESSEE - Adults heavy in southern counties
of western area. No damage to date; population indicates damage might occur in
pastures and hayfields later. (Gordon).

A WEEVIL (Mecinus pyraster) - VIRGINIA - Single adult collected in Montgomery
County on March 10, 1971, by R.H. Perry. Determined by R.E. Warner. This is a
new county record. (Allen).

FALSE CHINCH BUG (Nysius ericae) - KANSAS - Adults. averaged 20 per square foot in
bentgrass on golf green near Manhattan, Riley County. (Bell).

CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus leucopterus) - KANSAS - Adults average 5 per
square foot in bentgrass golf green near Manhattan, Riley County. (Bell).

A PSYCHID MOTH (Apterona crenulella) - OREGON - Single specimen taken in alfalfa
at Long Creek, Grant County, July 8. This is a new county record. Also recorded
from Baker County. (Brown, Penrose).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - UTAH - Damaged first-crop alfalfa in Piute
County and Hanksville area of Wayne County. (Chapman), WYOMING - Larvae ranged
90-500 (averaged 256) per 10 sweeps of alfalfa in 2 Park County fields.
(Parshall). COLORADO - Some adults still evident in Delta County and larvae
light, ranged 2-10 per 100 sweeps, in Western Slope areas. (Soderquist, Bulla).
NEW MEXICO - Light in alfalfa checked near Espanola, Rio Arriba County; averaged
O-1 adult and 2-3 larvae per 25 sweeps. (Heninger). NEBRASKA - Adults severely
retarded growth after cutting in Lincoln County field. (Campbell). WISCONSIN -
Larvae still light in alfalfa in southern areas. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

= 525 -

LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - NEW MEXICO - Adults and nymphs ranged 3-15 per 25 sweeps
in Espanola area, Rio Arriba County. (Heninger). WYOMING - Ranged 16-40 (averaged
30) per 10 sweeps in 2 Park County fields. (Parshall). MASSACHUSETTS - L.
lineolaris (tarnished plant bug) adults 121 per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in

Hampshire County field. (Miller).

MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - MASSACHUSETTS - Adults 181 per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Hampshire County field. (Miller).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - NEW MEXICO - Continues light in Rio Arriba
County alfalfa. (Heninger). WYOMING - Ranged 100-200 (averaged 140) per 10 sweeps
in 2 Park County fields. (Parshall). COLORADO - Increased, ranged 500-2,000 per
100 sweeps, on second cutting of alfalfa in Western Slope areas. (Bulla).

GRASSHOPPERS - MINNESOTA - No serious problems observed in alfalfa or clover.
Roadside counts ranged 10-20 per Square yard in scattered locations in Cotton-
wood, Redwood, Renville, Kandiyohi, Big Stone, and Wright Counties. Very little
movement into adjacent crops. (Minn. Pest Rpt.) . MICHIGAN - Melanoplus femurrubrum
and M. bivittatus abundant in Kalamazoo County alfalfa, roadside weeds, an
grasses, but not yet in corn. (Connin). May move into corn and other crops now
that alfalfa cut. If dry weather continues, expect trouble. Mostly nymphs, with
only few adults. (Ruppel). KENTUCKY - Grasshopper nymphs and adults averaged 830
per 100 sweeps in red clover in Carlisle County. (Barnett).

SOYBEANS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - INDIANA - Counts indicate controls
warranted in Dearborn, Ripley, Jefferson, Decatur, and Johnson Counties. Numbers
usually not economic in Decatur and Johnson Counties. (Sanders). Also more
numerous than usual in gardens and other legumes. (Huber).

PEANUTS

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - OKLAHOMA - Infestations
averaged 4 percent in peanuts in Love County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

THRIPS (Frankliniella spp.) - NORTH CAROLINA - Heavier than normal in Bladen
County area. Growers in nearby counties should watch peanuts very closely for
stunting and deformation of leaves. (Cullipher).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties,
weevils still light. Punctured squares averaged 4.9 (maximum 6.4) percent in

6 treated fields; averaged 4.9 (maximum 39.3) percent in 46 untreated fields.
(Cowan et al.). OKLAHOMA - Moderate in Bryan County, except few fields which
ranged 60-100 percent infested. Light to moderate in Garvin County. Averaged al
percent in Tillman County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). LOUISIANA - Total of 78 weevils
taken from 210 traps week ending July 8 in Madison Parish. Currently, weevils
total 83 from 211 traps; total to date 5,012. (Cleveland et al.). ARKANSAS -
Increased. Of 8,292 fields surveyed, 3,683 infested. Control needed in 80.
(Boyer et al.). TENNESSEE - Increased in regularly infested portion of cotton-—
growing area. Punctured squares ranged 1-20 percent in infested fields. Week
starting July 19 critical period as first-generation weevils will be emerging.
Infestations expected to increase sharply. Populations still much heavier in
older cotton. Some infestations well above control levels. (Locke). First-
generation weevils observed in Mississippi River bottom of Tipton County.
(Gordon). NORTH CAROLINA - Total of 2,000+ hibernating adults taken in 90 sexlure
traps in Northampton County for 1971. This much heavier than 1970 catch. However,
comparison will not indicate differences between years since improved sex
attractant not used in 1970. (Threatt). SOUTH CAROLINA - In Florence County
weevils zero on wing traps and live traps. First-generation weevils increasing.
(Taft et al.). GEORGIA - Punctured squares ranged 0-59 percent in southern areas

- 526 -

period ending July 10. (Womack). ALABAMA - Weevils heavy in most fields in
central and southern areas. Percent damaged squares ranged 15-80 (averaged 35-
55) in many fields. Unfavorable weather interferred with routine control.
Second and overlapping generations now starting in extreme south areas and
continuing up through central areas. "Hatch out" of first-generation weevils
occurred in extreme north areas. Damaged squares remain below 10 percent in
larger fields, many small fields had 15-35 percent of squares punctured. Some
controls applied. (McQueen). MISSISSIPPI - Average infestations ranged

1-52 percent in 17 counties surveyed. (Sartor). In delta counties, punctured
squares averaged 2.23 percent in 15 of 30 fields. In pheromone-baited wing traps
collected 4 weevils in Washington County and 4 in Bolivar County. (Pfrimmer et
ale).

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - NEW MEXICO - Fields from Dona Ana to La Union in
Dona Ana County had H. zea eggs on almost 100 percent of plants checked. (N.M.
Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties, moth collections to date
exceed total for 1970. Eggs averaged 4.4, larvae 1 per 100 terminals in 6
treated fields; eggs averaged 15.1, larvae 3.1 in 45 untreated fields. Of 20
larvae collected from cotton, 4 identified H. virescens. (Cowan et al.).
LOUISIANA - No larvae found in plots examined in Madison Parish week ending

July 8. Eggs ranged 65-390 per acre in 21 of 59 etoile: This period eggs ranged
65-260 per acre in 14 of 36 plots checked. (Cleveland et al.). ARKANSAS - H. zea
moths on sugarlines (0.5 mile of row per crop). Totals by county on cotton and
soybeans: June 30 to July 12, Phillips 69; July 7-8 Lonoke 233; June 29 to

July 13, Lafayette 1,180; July 7-12, Lee 596. Infestations in 2, 727 fields out

of (8', 292 checked, treatments needed in 16. (Boyer et al.). TENNESSEE - H. zea
eggs and larvae ranged 1-9 per 100 terminals. This is increase. Eggs still

found in terminals with exception of few found on squares. (Locke). MISSISSIPPI -
Average infestations ranged 1-5 percent in 14 counties surveyed. (Sartor). In
delta counties, moth flights increased. Damaged squares averaged 2.53 (maximum
6.5) percent in 15 of 30 fields. (Pfrimmer et al.). ALABAMA - Egg laying
increased in all areas. Controls underway in most fields in south and central
areas. Heavy in few fields in Macon, Montgomery, and Greene Counties. Beneficial
insects controlling larvae in most northern area fields. (McQueen).

GEORGIA - Eggs ranged 0-33 and larvae 0-13 per 100 terminals; square damage
heavy in several southern area fields week ending July 10. (Womack). SOUTH
CAROLINA - In Florence County, recovered 12 H. zea and no H. virescens in

light traps. Generally field infestations light. (Taft et al.

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Larvae ranged 1-5 per plant on
leaves, blooms, and Squares in Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

COTTON FLEAHOPPER (Pseudatomoscelis seriatus) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy in young cotton
in Tipton area, Tillman County, and moderate in Bryan County. (Okla. Coop.
Sur).

TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - TENNESSEE - Continues to cause some
injury to pinhead squares in west areas. (Locke). At or above control levels in
Mississippi River bottom of Tipton County. Controls applied. (Gordon).

TOBACCO

BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - MARYLAND - Last instars infested 5 percent of
5 acres of tobacco near Oakley, St. Marys County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

SUGAR BEETS

SUGARBEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - WYOMING - Maggots abundant in
untreated sugar beet fields in Park and WaShakie Counties. Maggots per plant

ranged 0-83 (field averages 9-69). Dead seedlings ranged from less than 5 to

30 percent. Last instars few, some early instars noted. (Parshall).

= 52 =

SPINACH LEAFMINER (Pegomya hyoscyami) - UTAH - Damage moderate to sugar beet
foliage in Hyrum, Cache County. (Knowlton).

AN APHID (Myzocallis robiniae) - WASHINGTON - Alatae migrating, particularly
abundant on Sugar beet plants at Yakima, Yakima County. No apparent damage;
suspected of spread of virus yellows. (Landis).

MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS

A FLEA BEETLE (Longitarsus waterhousei) - IDAHO - Damage serious in 7-acre field
of mint at Nampa, Canyon County. Adjoining 14-acre field partially damaged,
(Homan).

PAINTED LADY (Vanessa cardui) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Larvae damaged sunflower in
experimental planting near Brookings, Brookings County. (Kantack).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - UTAH - Remains serious in
northern area gardens. Commercial control required on larger fields of potatoes.
This one of worst years observed on potatoes and tomatoes. (Knowlton). Common in
Davis County during period ending July 9. (Burningham)., COLORADO - Larvae
evident on potatoes in Gilcrest and Platteville areas of Weld County. Controls
planned. (Urano). NEW YORK - Abundant on potatoes and tomatoes in Erie County.
(N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., July 12). RHODE ISLAND - Infested potatoes Statewide; infested
tomatoes in Providence County. (King, Field).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - WISCONSIN - Larvae abundant in some
potatofields in central area, Killing Some stalks. Pupae in some fields. (Wis.
ingig Sreaye ;

POTATO TUBERWORM (Phthorimaea operculella) - MICHIGAN - Surveys negative in
several Monroe County fields. (Kidd).

BEANS AND PEAS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - UTAH - Controls needed in many
commercial fields from Utah County north; serious in many home gardens. (Duncan,
Knowlton). COLORADO - Adults appearing in pinto beans in Montrose and Delta
Counties; some controls applied. Few eggs or larvae noted. (Bulla). Eggs hatched
in many areas of Weld County; controls applied in Kersey area. (Urano).

TENNESSEE - Continues to damage green beans in all areas. Damage heavy in some
areas where weather conditions prevented proper insecticide application. (Gordon).

SPOTTED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) - OKLAHOMA - Adults
heavy in field peas in Cotton County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

PEA LEAF WEEVIL (Sitona lineatus) - IDAHO - Emerging adults ranged 2-20 per
Square foot on soil. Pupae ranged 3-6 per 0.25 square foot of soil dug about
pea plant roots. Occasional full-grown larva and adult found in soil samples
from peafields in Viola area, Latah County. (Futter et al.).

WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) - IDAHO - First moth of season
collected July 5, three Miles east of Twin Falls in one of several blacklight
traps operated throughout Magic Valley. (Peay). Moths collected at experiment
station, Kimberly, Twin Falls County, July 13. (Antonelli).

COLE CROPS
CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - MICHIGAN - First adult collected at Ottawa

County blacklight Station July 11. (Newman). WISCONSIN - Few half-grown larvae
feeding in commercial field of cabbage in Outagamie County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

- 528 =

SPOTTED CUTWORM (Amathes c-nigrum) - MICHIGAN - Collections steadily increasing
at all stations. Increase could indicate serious trouble in 1972 spring plantings.
(Newman).

CUCURBITS

STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Acalymma vittata) - WISCONSIN - Heavier than normal in
cucumbers in northeast where considerable damage occurred earlier. Reports
indicate this species and Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi (spotted cucumber

beetle) prevalent in other parts of State. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

CARMINE SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus cinnabarinus) - ARIZONA - One cantaloup field
at Yuma treated in Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

WESTERN SPOTTED CUCUMBER BEETLE (Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata) -
OREGON - Larvae damaged table beets in 65-acre commercial planting near
Independence, Polk County. Damage limited to small swales and low spots in
field. Most in last instar or pupal stage. (Ammon, Crowell).

ONION THRIPS (Thrips tabaci) - COLORADO - Increased, ranged 10-20 per onion plant
in some Western Slope fields; controls applied. (Bulla). Infested onions in
Larimer County. (Ellis).

Weather continued from page 520.

across the South, except the southwestern deserts where the mercury remained in
the 80's. Phoenix, Arizona, registered 87° several mornings early in the week.
Hot weather spread northward as the week progressed. Western Kansas and south-
western Nebraska suffered 100° heat Saturday afternoon. Hill City, Kansas,
registered 104° and Wichita Falls, Texas, 107° on that date. Dickinson, North
Dakota, recorded 96° Saturday afternoon. Temperatures averaged above normal south-
west of a line from northern Idaho to Georgia and below normal northeast of that
line. Reno, Nevada, averaged 9° warmer than normal. Some areas of the North
Central and Northeast averaged several degrees cooler than normal.

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK
MID-JULY TO MID-AUGUST 1971

The National Weather Service's 30-day outlook for mid-July to mid-August is for
temperatures to average above seasonal normals in the Gulf and South Atlantic
Coast States and over the western half of the Nation except for near to below
normal along the central and south Pacific coast. Below normal averages are
indicated for the northeast quarter of the Nation and the Rio Grande Valley.
Elsewhere near normal temperatures are in prospect. Rainfall is expected to
exceed normal over the upper and middle Mississippi Valley, the Great Lakes,
northern New England,and portions of the central intermountain region. Subnormal
amounts are indicated for most of the Pacific coast, the northern intermountain
region, the northern Plains,and the southern Plains. In unspecified areas near
normal rainfall is expected.

Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook"
published twice a month by the National Weather Service. You can subscribe
through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20250. Price $5.00 a
year.

= 529 —

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - WASHINGTON - On apple near Yakima, Yakima
County. First-brood entries still occurring; overlap of first and second broods
likely. Second-brood moths expected about July 15 in earliest areas. Estimated
damage 50 percent on unsprayed trees. (Johnson). CALIFORNIA - Second-generation
moth populations of concern to walnut growers in San Benito County. Bio-control
about eliminated aphid populations on walnuts. Without aphid treatments, L. pomo-
nella may require Separate treatment. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). UTAH - Moderate in Salt
Lake, Davis, and Washington County orchards during period ending July 9. (Burning-
ham, Huber). COLORADO - Second-brood moths taken in attractant traps in most of
Western Slope areas; counts variable. (Bulla). MASSACHUSETTS - Larvae very active
in unsprayed and poorly sprayed apple orchards in Hampshire, Hampden, Worcester,
and Middlesex Counties. (Wilder, Jensen).

PLUM CURCULIO (Conotrachelus nenuphur) - MICHIGAN - Unusual number of larvae and
uncommon amount of damage noted in harvested cherries. Apparently due to poor
spray timing or controls used. (Thompson) .

SAN JOSE SCALE (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus) - WASHINGTON - First-generation
crawlers still emerging on peach, 30 days after first crawlers seen. (Johnson) .

PEACH TWIG BORER (Anarsia lineatella) - WASHINGTON - On peach trees near Yakima,
Yakima County. First summer generation shoot strikes noted July 7. (Johnson).

TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - MASSACHUSETTS - Causing much damage to
peaches statewide. (Jensen).

PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - UTAH - Collected in Salt Lake County during period
ending July 9, This is a new county record. (Davis, Burningham). MICHIGAN - Eggs,
nymphs, and adults from overlapping summer generations making effective control
difficult. (Thompson). CONNECTICUT - Difficult to control on pears in Glastonbury
area. (Savos, Kollas).

PEARSLUG (Caliroa cerasi) - UTAH - Damage moderate to cherry and pear foliage in
some Salt Lake and Davis County orchards (Burnigham) and severe in some Weber,
Cache, and northern Davis County cherry orchards (Davis).

CHERRY FRUIT FLY (Rhagoletis cingulata) MICHIGAN - Emergence complete in southwest
counties. Adults still numerous in traps north of Oceana County. (Thompson). First
larvae collected July 13 in Manistee and Oceana Counties. Recovered from tart
cherry samples at Hart. (Hanna).

APPLE MAGGOT (Rhagoletis pomonella) - MINNESOTA - Adults reported in two locations
in Lake Minnetonka area and at New Ulm. Only single specimens taken. (Minn. Ins.
Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Adult activity increased but still later and less intense than
in 1970. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - Light, erratic, and unpredictable through-
out much of State. Emergence about 2-3 weeks behind schedule for southern counties;
probably affected by recent drought. First flies trapped in Allegan and Kalamazoo
Counties July 12. (Thompson). MASSACHUSETTS - Adult emergence increasing rapidly
statewide. (Jensen). CONNECTICUT - Adult emergence increased rapidly; collections
on false apple lures reported from Glastonbury, Bethel, New Haven, and Storrs.
(Savos, Kollas).

TWOSPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - MASSACHUSETTS - Causing some prob-
lems in apple orchards in Worcester and Middlesex Counties. (Jensen). COLORADO -
Building up in apple orchards in Mesa, Delta, and Montrose Counties. Range 2-10
per leaf, mainly in centers of trees. Miticide recommended in third cover spray.
(Bulla). Heavy in several peach orchards of Vineland area in Mesa County. (Sisson).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - NORTH CAROLINA - Damaging over State. Second to
fourth instars infesting 30+ percent of pecans in Jones and Craven County area,
Webs observed on 1-5 limbs per tree. (Hunt). SOUTH CAROLINA - Light on pecans in

- 530°-

Orangeburg County. First report of season on pecans. (Langford). ALABAMA - Heavy
in pecan trees in Elmore County for this time of year. Populations heavy in this
area in 1970. (Morris et al). OKLAHOMA - Completely defoliated persimmon trees in
many areas of Seminole, Okfuskee, and Okmulgee Counties. Moderate to heavy on
pecan trees in eastern half of State. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Infestations
reported from Gonzales, Guadalupe, Lee, and other counties in southern and coastal
areas. Second-generation reported from Gonzales County. Generally light in Brazos,
Burleson, Grimes, Waller, Fort Bend, and Brazoria Counties. (Cole, Green).

WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy on pecans in Ottawa
County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSOURI - Larvae defoliated walnut in several
locations in southwest area. (Francka).

FILBERTWORM (Melissopus latiferreanus) - OREGON - Three adults taken in black-
light trap at Eugene, Lane County, July 12, First seen in area this year. (Tinker).

PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - TEXAS - Second-generation activity
decreased in south-central and coastal areas, Light on pecans at Kermit, Winkler
County. Second-generation in northern area and Rolling Plains. (Cole et al).

APHIDS - OKLAHOMA - Monellia costalis (blackmargined aphid) building up on pecans
in Lincoln County; ranged 1-15 per leaflet. Much honeydew produced. (Okla. Coop.

Sur.). TEXAS - Tinocallis caryaefoliae (black pecan aphid) activity increased in

Pecos, Ward, and Reeves Counties. Light on pecans in Brazos County. Infestations

detected in Guadalupe County. (Cole et al).

CITRUS

Quarterly Citrus Insect and Mite Outlook in Florida - July through September -
This Outlook is based on the assumption that weather beyond the period of the
current National Weather Service 30-day Outlook will be normal. Therefore, the
forecasts given below cannot be viewed with the same degree of confidence as
those in the "Insect and Disease Summary" usually released twice each month,

CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) increase will continue through July,
hold at high level through August, and decrease in September. Heavy infestations
expected in 30 percent of groves. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) and TEXAS
CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) will recede from their abnormally high levels
during July and August and be at low levels by September. Only scattered groves
will have important infestations, GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) will
continue high through July, gradually decrease in August, and be at low to
moderate level by September. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) , CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria
pergandii), and YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) populations will remain below
normal and at low level. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) expected to increase
during July, continue briefly in high range during August, and drop to moderate
level by September. Only scattered groves will have important infestations.

An ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) expected to spread and intensify during July and
September. Although infestations will be spotty, statewide population expected to
be greater than in any prior period. MEALYBUGS expected to enter high range
briefly in July, then gradually decrease. Population at summer peak will be below
normal, WHITEFLY populations predicted to be near normal and mostly at moderate
level. Decrease expected in August followed by an upward trend in late September.
(W. A. Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)).

A FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha nigrifascia) - FLORIDA - During May, numerous adults taken
at Key West and Several of Lower Keys. These flies taken in McPhail traps hanging
in variety of fruit trees located on Ramrod Key, Sugar Loaf Key, Big Coppitt Key,
Big Pine Key, and Middle Torch Key. Stone (1942) gave distribution as Florida

Keys from Key Largo to Key West, and listed food plants as "Mimusops emarginata
and Achras zapota." (Fla. Coop. Sur.).

- 531 -

SMALL FRUITS

OBSCURE ROOT WEEVIL (Sciopithes obscurus) - WASHINGTON - Adults infested 10 acres
of raspberries near Vancouver, Clark County; contaminated harvested berries.
(Shanks) .

GRAPE BERRY MOTH (Paralobesia viteana) - UTAH - Larvae in some grapes in "Dixie"
area of Washington County, but Still light. (Huber).

WESTERN GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisonia brillians) - UTAH - Damaged foliage
in vineyards throughout "Dixie'' area of Washington County. (Huber, Knowlton).

WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella occidentalis) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy on bush-
berries in Fresno County, caused Some loss as thrips caused rejection of berries
at processing plants. Late infestations caused treatment or harvest problems.
(Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

ORNAMENTALS

COOLEY SPRUCE GALL APHID (Adelges cooleyi) - IDAHO - Infesting 30 percent of
Douglas-fir Christmas tree planting at Bonners Ferry, Boundary County. (Studer).

HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) - MISSOURI - Adults collected in Dade County
by J.E. Francka and in Jackson County by L.P. Burgess. These are new county
records. (Munson). KANSAS - Found on hollyhock in Neosho, Montgomery, Allen,
Wilson, Anderson, Cheyenne, Sherman, and Ford Counties. Determinations by

K.O, Bell, W. Iselin, and E, Martinez. These are new county records. (Bell).

A PSYCHID MOTH (Apterona crenulella) - NEVADA - Collected on hollyhock and other
ornamentals at Austin, Lander County, for a new county record. (Bechtel,
Martinelli). Larvae heavy in home vegetable gardens at Elko, Elko County.
(Stonier).

A NOCTUID MOTH (Catabena esula) - NEVADA - Larvae and damage heavy on lantana at
Las Vegas, Clark County. (Williams).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - MARYLAND - Populations heaviest within past 3
years statewide. Heavy infestations remain spotty but nests conspicuous. US Mae,
Ent. Dept.). MINNESOTA - Early instars scattered on American elm, apple, and alder
in southwestern St. Louis and northern Aitkin Counties. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

WESTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma californicum ssp.) - OREGON - New male, first
of season, at white light in West Salem, Polk County, July 13. Several new adults
taken in blacklight trap at Hermiston, Umatilla County, July 12. Population in
northwestern area appears light. (Larson, Westcott).

YELLOWNECKED CATERPILLAR (Datana ministra) - TENNESSEE - Damage heavy to oak trees
locally in central and western areas. (Gordon).

A NOTODONTID MOTH (Symmerista canicosta) - MICHIGAN - Larvae mostly first instar;
second instars 9-30 percent of population. Some eggs still unhatched, (Waller,
Eiber). Larvae heavy in Muskegon County. Reports indicate defoliation will be more
severe than during 1970. (Sauer).

A NOCTUID MOTH (Melipotis indomita) - TEXAS - Heavy larval populations damaged
foliage of mesquite trees throughout large areas this year. Larvae detected in
Nolan, Jones, Shackelford, Stephens, Throckmorton, Wilbarger, and Hardeman
Counties in Rolling Plains; detected in Crosby County in South Plains. Infesta-
tions noted in Brazos, Burleson, Robertson, and Eastman Counties. (Boring, Green),

ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - ALABAMA - Second-generation larvae seriously

- 532 -

damaged many elms along streets and on lawns in northern areas. (Magnusson et
al.). TEXAS - Damage reported moderate to heavy to Chinese elms in Reagan County.
(Neeb) . NEW MEXICO - Widespread damage noted in cities and villages throughout
Rio Arriba County. (Heninger). UTAH - Damaging at Delta, Millard County (Davis),
Orangeville, Emery County (Roberts), and some areas of Salt Lake, Weber, and
Cache Counties (Knowlton).

AN ARMORED SCALE (Lopholeucaspis japonica) - DELAWARE - Collected on Japanese
red maple at Wilmington, New Castle County, May 26, 1971. Collected and determined
by D.F. Bray. This is a new State record. (Burbutis).

REDHEADED PINE SAWFLY (Neodiprion lecontei) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Larvae defoliated
young pines in section of planting near Rosebud, Todd County. Controls applied.
(Kantack). RHODE ISLAND - Damaging pines in nursery in Bristol County. (Relli).

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 13 cases reported in U.S. July
4-10 as follows: TEXAS = Dimmit 1, Menard 1, Starr 2, Bowie 6, Jim Wells l,
Refugio 1; ARIZONA - Pima 1. Total of 96 cases reported in portion of Barrier
Zone in Republic of Mexico. During period July 11-17, total of 8 cases reported
in U.S. as follows: TEXAS - Bowie 6 Kimble 1; ARIZONA - Santa Cruz 1. During
same period, 138 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico
as follows: Sonora 15, Chihuahua 41, Coahuila 12, Nuevo Leon 14, Tamaulipas 56.
Total of 43 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area
where eradication operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining
population in U.S. Sterile screwworm flies released: Texas 51,238,000; Arkansas
3,110,000; Arizona 4,190,000; Oklahoma 150,000; Mexico 84,930,000. (Anim. Health
Div.) <

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - VERMONT - Increasing problem with hot, dry weather
in Champlain Valley. (Nielsen, July 13). MARYLAND - Ranged 2-10 per head of
dairy cattle near Centreville, Queen Annes County. Ranged 3-5 per head on dairy
stock in Hillsboro area of Caroline County. These are new county records. Ranged
5-50 per head on unsprayed dairy stock in Frederick, Carroll, Montgomery, and
Baltimore Counties. Counts on sprayed cattle in Same areas ranged O-10 per head.
(U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OHIO - Adults ranged 30-55 per head on cattle in Noble
County. (Pratt). ILLINOIS - Averaged 30 per animal on pastured cattle statewide.
(I11. Ins. Rpt.). IOWA - Ranged 2-35 (average 9.2) .per face on untreated cow
herd in Story County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Averaged 10 per face on Platte
River Valley and canyon area herds. (Campbell). UTAH - Troublesome about many
Juab County farms (Esplin), and to horses and cattle in Davis, Weber, Box Elder,
and Cache Counties (Knowlton). IDAHO - Adults ranged 3-25 per face on pastured
cattle in many northern areas; herd averages of 18 per animal observed past 2
weeks, (O'Keeffe).

HOUSE FLY (Musca domestica) - WISCONSIN - Generally heavy statewide; moderate to
severe problems reported in dairy barns in all areas. Very heavy on few farms
where no chemical controls applied. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

MOSQUITOES - MINNESOTA - Collected 15,000 in 16 light traps week ending July 9.
Aedes vexans in 75 percent of adult and larval collections. Coquillettidia
perturbans in 17 percent of light trap collections. Culex tarsalis, vector of
encephalitis, found in 10 percent of larval collections. A. vexans dominant in
evening bite collections. Spring brood Aedes still abundant in evening and day-
time bite collections. Heavy rains occurred July 7, 10, 12, and 14 in many areas.
Several broods of A. vexans in water now with heaviest brood resulting from
rain of July 7. This brood pupating July 14 and 15; emergence began July 16, will
continue through July 19, Adults will increase substantially in all southern
areas beginning July 19. Probably will be heaviest brood of season. (Minn. Pest
Rpt.) . WISCONSIN - Moderate to severe annoyance to dairy cattle in portions of
St. Croix, Rock, and Calumet Counties. Moderate annoyance to man in parts of
Washburn, Sauk, Columbia, Dane, Bayfield, Walworth, Juneau, Iron, Eau Claire,

- 533 -

Calumet, Brown, and Adams Counties, (Wis. Ins. Sur.). WYOMING - Ranged 10-40 per
side on cattle west of Laramie, Albany County. (Spackman, Lloyd). TEXAS - In
Jefferson County, Aedes sollicitans and A. vexans found in large numbers during
June in Spindletop Park area. Psorophora confinnis populations decreased in
western Beaumont; P. ciliata occurred in low numbers. Culex pipiens quingque-
fasciatus occurred throughout county. (Thompson). Mosquito activity very low in
Harris County during May; adults averaged 3.5 per trap per night. (Bartnett).

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - IDAHO - Abundant on untreated pastured cattle in
several northern areas. Herd averages of 125 per animal side common. Herd averages
up to 200+ per animal observed. (O'Keeffe). NEBRASKA - Counts of 500+ per head of
untreated range cattle in McPherson, Lincoln, Keith, and Arthur Counties.
(Campbell) . WISCONSIN - Moderate on cattle in most areas except St. Croix County
where problem severe, Annoyance apparently severe on some herds in Dane, La Crosse,
and Vernon Counties July 13. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Decreased slightly on
pastured cattle past 2 weeks, Currently 50-90 per animal. (I11. Ins. Rpt.). OHIO -
Adults 75-500+ on cattle in Noble County. (Pratt). MARYLAND -Counts below high
levels of last 3 years in most areas. Ranged 0-20 per head in Baltimore, Frederick,
and Carroll Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). FLORIDA - Averaged 36 per dairy cow
checked near Gainesville, Alachua County. Determined by E. Head. (Fla. Coop. Sur.).
MISSISSIPPI - Average per animal by county: Monroe 100, Montgomery 100, Tishomingo
17, Holmes 260, Hinds 18. Total of 1,815 head checked. (Sartor). TEXAS - Increase
noted throughout south-central and coastal areas. Populations in northern pan-
handle counties remain constant due to hot, dry weather. (Cole, Clymer). OKLAHOMA -
Ranged 300-800 per head on cattle in Delaware County, 200-500 in Payne County.
Moderate to heavy in Hughes, Cleveland, and Cotton Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) OKLAHOMA - Averaged 2 per head on untreated dairy
cattle in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - This species and Musca
domestica (house fly) averaged 10-14 per Scudder grid in feedlots in Lincoln and
Keith Counties. Stable fly 10-15 per leg. (Campbell). IOWA - S. caicitrans
decreased to 0-6 (average 2.7) per leg on untreated cow herd in Story County.
(Iowa Ins. Sur.). WISCONSIN - Light to moderate in most areas except Calumet
County where severe annoyance to cattle evident. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

TABANID FLIES - NEVADA - Apatolestes comastes willistoni collected at Rosebud,
Pershing County, for a new county record. (Bechtel, Martinelli)-. UTAH - Chrysops
discalis annoying livestock and man in western Davis County (Judd); this species
and Tabanus spp. annoying horses in Box Elder County, and T. punctifer and C.

C. discalis annoying horses and livestock at Snowville, Collinston, and Deweyville.
Hybomitra Sonomensis and C. aestuans abundant in Locomotive Springs area.
(Knowlton). NEW MEXICO - Chrysops spp, very abundant and annoying to man and

animals in Chama and Tierra Amarillo area of Rio Arriba County. (Heninger).
OKLAHOMA - Tabanus spp. averaged 4 per head on Payne County cattle. (Okla. Coop.
Sur.). ;

AMERICAN DOG TICK (Dermacentor variabilis) - WEST VIRGINIA - Adults collected on
corn by J.N. Angotti and J. Lew in Lewis County July 14, 1971. This is a new
county record. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

SYRPHID FLIES - IDAHO - Common in wheat infested with English grain aphid at

Coeur d'Alene, Kootenai County. (Stranahan). WASHINGTON - Larvae unusually numerous
in eastern area, particularly in wheat and related cereals. Reported heaviest in
Grant, Adams, and Spokane Counties. (Kulp et al.).

- 534 -

AN ICHNEUMON (Bathyplectes curculionis) - KENTUCKY - Parasitized 2 of 177 Hypera

ostica (alfalfa weevil) larvae from Hardin County, 1 of 86 H. postica larvae from
Frerk County, and 12 of 95 H. postica larvae from Fayette County. (Barnett)

HONEY BEE (Apis mellifera) - MICHIGAN - Severe drought in southeast Oakland
County weakened colonies; now using brood chambers almost exclusively for honey
storage. Few eggs laid. (Mackay).

BUMBLEBEES - OHIO - Workers of Megabombus auricomus, M. pennsylvanicus, and
Pyrobombus bimaculatus collected while foraging on red clover in Champaign County

July 13. Queen of P. impatiens collected foraging on red clover near Pharisburg,
Union County, July 14. (Andress).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - WEST VIRGINIA - Adults collected on oats

in Summers County June 7 by B.S, Neel; larvae in Mercer and Raleigh Counties June
28 by E, Bostic; larvae in Berkeley, Jefferson and Morgan Counties June 2 by

J.D, Hacker, VIRGINIA - Larvae in oats in Floyd County June 28 by W.B. Mason and

L.D, Martin, Determined by R,E. White. These are new county records. (PPD).

GRASSHOPPERS - WASHINGTON - Oedaleonotus enigma and Aulocara elliotti serious on
about 21,000 acres of reseeded rangeland on Yakima Indian Reservation, Yakima
County. Ranged 12-75 per square yard, mostly adults. Mating in progress. Damage
to crested wheatgrass severe; most plants defoliated to ground level. IDAHO -
Adult flights abundant in Washington and Adams Counties; infestations heaviest in
10 years. Total acres to be treated 221,221. (PPD). NEVADA - Melanoplus
Sanguinipes nymphs and adults ranged up to 20 (averaged 5) per Square yard on 80
acres of certified bromegrass in Reese River Valley, Lander County. (Peters).
Treated 170 acres of seedling alfalfa in Reese River Valley for protection from
adjacent 1,300 acres of abandoned alfalfa; counts ranged 15-30 per square yard.
(Hilbig). UTAH - Troublesome on rangeland and farms in Calbo area of Juab County
(Esplin); abundant in portions of Webster County (Knowlton); heavy damage to
pollen and nectar plants. at North Ogden caused removal of apiary during period
ending July 9 (Knowlton). WYOMING - Survey conducted on Forest Service land in
Big Horn, Washakie, and Johnson Counties June 29 through July 1 showed counts up
to 200 Camnulla pellucida per square yard. Spray program tentatively planned for
July 20 on 11,300 acres in scattered parks and meadows, (Patch, Daiss). NORTH
DAKOTA - Economic in 8 southeastern and north-central counties. (PPD). SOUTH
DAKOTA - Continue to increase in southern Beadle and northern Sanborn Counties.
Melanoplus bivittatus and M. differentialis adults observed and nymphs of

M. femurrubrum. Counts of 20-30 per Square yard in alfalfa checked. Economic in 40
acres of corn; controls applied. (Jones, July 9). NEBRASKA - Economic in 5 north-
western and central counties. (PPD, July 15).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - MARYLAND - Adult trapped in Caroline County by
R, Smith July 7. Determined by E.L. Todd. This is a new county record. (PPD).
NEW YORK - Damage at peak in Rockland County. Egg laying in Orange County July 7;
adult emergence in Dutchess and Putnam Counties same date. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.,

July 12). CONNECTICUT - Adults laying eggs since July 10. Egg masses heavy in
some places. (Savos, Kollas).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Moderate and some damage

to roses and grapes in Pickens County. Large numbers also feeding on Kudzu
surrounding pasture. (Lott). TENNESSEE - Adults trapped in new areas of Knox,
Washington, Monroe, and Bradley Counties; increasing in Sevier, Loudon, and Blount
Counties. Damaging populations building up in Johnson County. Trapping and visual
surveys negative in Rhea, Monroe, Cumberland, Meigs, McMinn, Bledsoe, White, and
Van Buren Counties. (Hammett, Van Landingham). MARYLAND - Adults desilked 11 per-
cent of 50 acres of corn near Ingleside, Queen Annes County. Infestations ranged
1-2 percent in most fields in Kent, Caroline, Talbot, and Dorchester Counties,

(U. Md. Ent. Dept.). WEST VIRGINIA - Adult damage moderate to ornamental shrubs in
Mason, Putnam, Wood, and Kanawha Counties. Damage to field corn about 10 percent

- 535 -

in Kanawha, Putnam, Mason, Jackson, and Wood Counties. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.) OHIO -
Unusually heavy adult populations reported in Lucas, Wayne, Stark, Ashtabula, and
Tuscarawas Counties. Beetles reportedly damaging dogwood, flowering plum, grape,
roses, and many other ornamentals, (Rings). Feeding on ornamentals in Medina
County. (Thoburn). Swarming over lawns, roses, and plum trees in Stark County.
Averaged 1 per 2 rose blossoms in Wayne County. (Lingquist). Large numbers
observed defoliating Chinese elm in Wooster, Wayne County. (Andress). INDIANA -
Reported heavy in gardens, soybeans, and other field crops in north-central and
west-central districts and scattered areas in other parts of State. (Sanders).
Extensions of previously infested areas seen in Hendricks, Lawrence, and Switzer-
land Counties. (Clark).

continued with wat 747, 500 at Sea Kern County; as of July 15, season total
45,685,500. (PPD) . ARIZONA - Infested bolls averaged 4.5 percent in untreated
fields in north Yuma Valley. Some growers treating in Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop.
Sur.).

RANGE CATERPILLAR (Hemileuca oliviae) - NEW MEXICO - Scattered infestations
observed in Union, Colfax, and Harding Counties. Larvae ranged first to fourth
instars. Eggs not yet hatched in areas that have had little or no rainfall.
(N.M. Coop. Rpt.).

SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines) - LOUISIANA - Cysts collected in
St. Landry Parish by R.W. Logsdon June . Determined by A.M. Golden, This is a
new parish record. (PPD). TENNESSEE - Continues to cause stunting of beans on
resistant and nonresistant plants in all western areas. (Gordon).

DETECTION

New State Records - AN ARMORED SCALE (Lopholeucaspis japonica) DELAWARE - New

Castile county: (p. 532). A MEMBRACID (Antianthe expansa) HAWAII - Oahu Island.
(p. 536)

New County and Parish Records - AMERICAN DOG TICK (Dermacentor variabilis)

WEST VIRGINIA -— Lewis (p. 533). CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) WEST
VIRGINIA - Summers, Mercer, Raleigh, Berkeley, Jefferson, Morgan; VIRGINIA -
Floyd (p. 534). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) MARYLAND - Queen Annes, Caroline
(p. 532). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) ARKANSAS - Clay (p. 522). GYPSY MOTH
(Porthetria dispar) MARYLAND - Caroline (p. 534). HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion
longirostre) MISSOURI - Dade, Jackson; KANSAS - Neosho, Montgomery, Allen,
Wilson, Anderson, Cheyenne, Sherman, Ford (p. 531). NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM
(Diabrotica longicornis) TENNESSEE - Weakly (p. 523). A PSYCHID MOTH (Apterona
crenulella) OREGON — Grant; NEVADA - Lander (pp. 524, 531). PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla
ee) UTAH - Salt Lake (p. 529). SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera: Piece)

LOUISIANA - Landry (p. 535). A WEEVIL (Mecinus pyraster) VIRGINIA - Montgomery
G. 524). YELLOW SUGARCANE APHID (Sipha flava) ARKANSAS - Clay, Greene (p. 524).

CORRECTIONS

CEIR 21(23) :400 —- CEREAL LEAF BEETLE PARASITES - Diaparis carinifer should read
Diaparsis carinifer.

CEIR 21(27) :477 - HORSE BOT FLY (Gasterophilis intestinalis) - INDIANA - "Larvae
emerged ...'' Should read "Adults emerged ..." (Meyer).

CEIR 21(28) :486 - EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NORTH CAROLINA -
" ,..- Spot checks ... in Granville area, Person County." should read " ... in
Granville and Person County area." (PPD).

CEIR 21(28):496 - A BRACONID (Cardiochiles nigriceps) - NORTH CAROLINA - "...
in Person area of Granville County." should read " .,. in Person and Granville
County area."' (PPD).

= 536 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

New State Record - Three adults of a MEMBRACID (Antianthe expansa (Germar) )
Caught floating alive in swimming pool at Salt Lake, Oahu, one each June 14, 18,
and 22, 1971, by George Komatsu. Two more subsequently caught in light trap at
Honolulu International Airport. Determined by R.C. Froeschner. This membracid is
common in Mexico and Central America. In Costa Rica, it is reported to be a pest
of sweet peppers; wild food hosts include plants in the genera Cestrum, Solanun,
and Acnistus. (Funasaki). Also reported from Arizona, California, Florida,
Illinois, and Texas. (PPD).

General Vegetables - TARO LEAFHOPPER (Tarophagus proserpina) light in one acre of
taro at Waihee, Maui; nymphs 3-5 per leaf sheath, but only 10 percent of leaves
infested. (Miyahira).

Fruits and Nuts - Larvae and adults of PALM MEALYBUG (Palmicultor palmarum)
moderate on 16 coconut trees at Lahaina and Kihei, Maui. Larvae of Cryptolaemus
montrouzieri (a lady beetle) moderate amid infestation. (Ah Sam, Miyahira
Larvae of a NOCTUID MOTH (Phlegetonia delatrix) moderate on young foliage of
Java plum (Eugenia cuminii) at Hana, Maui, and at Pukoo, Molokai. (Miyahira).

Man and Animals - Trapped 861 VEXANS MOSQUITO (Aedes vexans nocturnus) and 1,036
SOUTHERN HOUSE MOSQUITO (Culex pipiens quinquefaSciatus) in 54 light traps during

May; during June, totals in 55 Tight traps were 291 and 750, respectively.
Averages per trap: A. vexans nocturnus - May 15.9, June 5. 3; C. pipiens
SN ead a eaten - May 19.2, June 13.6. Aedes catches per trap ) ranged to highs

ahaluu in May and 110 at Kailua in June. Culex catches per trap ranged
ee Ge of 219 at Nanakuli in May and 39 at Kahuku in June. (Mosq. Cont. Br.,
Dept. Health).

Beneficial Insects - All stages of a TINGID BUG (Leptobyrsa decora) heavy on
Tantana at Pulehu, Maui. Foliage severely chlorotic due to intense feeding. All
stages light in Waihee, Maui. (Miyahira). Adults and larval mines of LANTANA
HISPID (Uroplata girardi) moderate on lantana foliage in Waihee, Maui. (Miyahira).

Miscellaneous Pests - GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina fulica) infestation heavy in
300-foot long rock hedgerow overgrown with wasteland brush on grounds of the
University of Hawaii, Oahu. Approximately 1,000 snails (2-3 inches long) can be
collected in area. (Olson).

- 537 -

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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 July 30, 1971 Number 31
COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT
HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

GREENBUG damaged sorghum in Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, and South Dakota. (pp. 541-
542). HORNWORM moths heavier than normal in Wisconsin and Michigan. (p. 542).
POTATO LEAFHOPPER building up in central New York. Damaged alfalfa in Pennsylvania
and Wisconsin, Soybeans in Ohio. (p. 542).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER infestations heavy in Maryland, damaged corn in Ohio. (p. 542).
WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM moths heavy in light traps in Nebraska. (p. 543). CORN
ROOTWORMS lodging corn in Wisconsin, root damage reported in South Dakota;

damaged corn for first time in many years in Utah. (p. 544).

SATIN MOTH unusually heavy in Oregon. Larvae of a NOTODONTID MOTH expected to
cause Severe defoliation on Manistee National Forest in Michigan. (p. 551).

GRASSHOPPERS continue heavy in several States. (p. 553).
Large scale control program underway against vectors of Venezualan equine
encephalomyelitis in Texas. (pp. 552-553). As of July 27, a total of

é 3,001,461 acres in Texas treated one time; of this total 382,619 acres
treated for second time. In Louisiana 720,272 acres treated one time.

Detection

New State records include a MOSQUITO from Maryland (p. 522), a PLATYGASTERID
WASP and a EURYTOMID WASP from Pennsylvania (p. 553).

For new county, island, parish, and independant city records see page 548.
Special Reports

Estimates of Damage by the European Corn Borer to Grain Corn in the United States
in 1970. (pp. 557-558).

ReportS in this isSue are for week ending July 23 unless otherwise indicated.

- 539 -

- 540 -

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional Sionasileam eer. co crs sleneteleksueiela tel ellie leverenencte caltenche r-treltal <tr ewen eens 541
Insects Affecting
Corn, Sorghum; Sugamcanen eres seis 542 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers...... 547
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland.......... 545 Beams) and) Peashs a wie 6scies 6 si 0,ntey ane ee 548
Rorage) Le oumesiire sic oie ichs) «sesso: anet ousueyens 545 General Vegetables........°..+52. 548
SOY DEANS Riera e cicliclione teheuerodeten ieuereysisbetonchs 546 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts........ 549
PEANUES er. velafelelcouetaeheuekarcionet cient easel meteor 546 GCastus'. Gys, a tateneres eveue) she's (st ecieve: @,/0) 6) OheNenetene 549
COTEONS. <5. 5 syccctons sires PhOeS ousi oO leboneme teres omesas 546 SHB ME MAb 6 go Mondeo dcdocds 550
MODAC COM hava tase talenenehoelroitansicus io clin Actenatememers 547 OnnamentalSiy. cicisle ster - cheNeuch tone rsa eens 550
Sugar’ BCSUS a nerckcuetueret oriole icusuenMerenen: 547 Forest and Shade Trees........... 550
Miscellaneous Field Crops.......... 547 Main'saina@leAntimails\y.1 «<1 «10s: siren) con nencenene 551
Benef tedad Insets! A445 do ciel cicictevere. o.chay eve ord chee oleh eh ep cy-snersh Sie) apley otepeli a obel-e ostol « (o] ole Nolte atte haital ome meme 553
Federal and State Plant Protection ProgramsSin. «oy. ~ «sve hele cle © oxesiicheleuese © oh) ReNel mente 553
DEPECHUONE F aiccie, eee hie © ciate oh eisertole, 0174), elleitel selvclis) elvevies's/voioiesoisisst0) elioicel el eu s1616 4016) 01 veel =i/a\7e), sre) eX ee aeons 554
Hawa id Winsiecits REporits = as siewemes evel) oka clei) «of ailes/o} ol oNoyal io apie) ei ele) eho) (e].oy elie) 0)'«) @fial lie Ve ge, =) ieee 555
Light. Dralp, ComMSEcit Ons iiys ayes ictin ole cast eee of oy a ee abs) e)ieb\el ain stelollolobio alie! oliol.cil) lol eYtote Neil eN «Neh ities Meets)
Estimates of Damage by the European Corn Borer to Grain Corn in the

UnitedtStates’ an UOMO Mes cen cre cate ois ©) etree eiwile- (olkeuer stlat'etie elie/ieionelc. © ollejele ols tenelfelt elt eektel= me mennm 557

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING JULY 26

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data
Service, NOAA,

HIGHLIGHTS: High temperatures prevailed in the Far West and along the Gulf of
Mexico. The Northeast was mostly cool and comfortable. Thundershowers were wide-
spread over the Central and East.

PRECIPITATION: A large cool high covered much of mid-America early in the week.
A front stretched from the northern Atlantic States to the southern Great Plains.
It was the battle line which marked the leading edge of the cool dry air, which
pushed in from the north to replace the retreating warm humid air that lay over
the South. A line of showers and thunderstorms occurred along the front. Some of
the thunderstorms were accompanied by torrential downpours, strong gusty winds,
or hail. A few tornadoes dotted the open country in Ohio, Louisiana, and Georgia.
Bridgeport, Connecticut, received 5.95 inches of rain the 24-hour period ending
Tuesday morning. Light scattered precipitation occurred in the Rocky Mountains
Wednesday, in the Great Plains Thursday, from northeastern Texas to the Great
Lakes Friday, and from Louisiana to New England Saturday. Most of the weekend
showers occurred in the vicinity of a slow moving cold front that stretched from
the Northeast to the southern Great Plains. At times, lines of thunderstorms
marked the position of the front. Some of the thunderstorms produced hail and
strong winds. Other thunderstorms dotted the warm humid Southland. Weekly
precipitation totals were generally less than 0.50 inch over the western half of
the Nation and ranged widely from 1 inch to locally 5 to 6 inches or more over
the eastern half of the Nation.

TEMPERATURES: Hot sunny weather prevailed over the Western States early in the
week, On TueSday, the mercury reached 107° at Yakima, Washington, and 108° at

Red Bluff, California, 100° or higher over the southwestern deserts, and the 90's
across the South to the Atlantic Ocean. By Wednesday afternoon, the temperatures
in parts of the deserts had gone above 110°. The heat in the Southwest was
especially oppressive because of the unusually high relative humidity in the area.
In sharp contrast to the hot weather in the Far West and across the South, weather
over the rest of the Nation was quite comfortable. A large high covered the
central Great Plains. It brought cooler weather to a large area extending from

the Rocky Mountains to the Appalachians. Afternoon temperatures remained in the

Weather of the week continued on page 548.

- 541 -

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - MARYLAND - Moths averaged less than 3 per night on
Eastern Shore. Egg counts in corn less than 1 infested ear per 30 surveyed.
Heaviest first-instar infestation averaged 4 percent in 35 acres near Preston,
Caroline County. None found west of Chesapeake Bay. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WEST
VIRGINIA - Damage light to field corn in Putnam, Mason, and Wood Counties. (W. Va.
Ins. Sur.). NORTH CAROLINA - Larvae in corn (majority of fields with ears)
declining in Columbus County area. Indicates pupation occurring and subsequent
generation should appear on soybeans and cotton in about 3 weeks. Larvae in
Clayton, Johnston County, area and at Lewiston, Bertie County, area continue to
increase; sixth instars observed at Clayton indicating pupation will begin week
of July 26. (Bradley, Hunt). GEORGIA - Light to heavy in south-central area
tobacco. (French, July 17). TEXAS - Reported heavy in whorls of some grain sorghum
in Collingsworth County. (Clymer et al.). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 3 per 100 heads
of sorghum in Harmon County and 2 per 100 heads in Tillman County. Moderate on
“corn in Cleveland County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Averaged 0-2 second to
fourth instars per ear in 5 fields of late-silking field corn in Harvey County.
(Bell). UTAH - Caused moderate injury to Sweet corn in Washington County (Huber) ;
very light in northern areas (Knowlton).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - NEW MEXICO - Generally light but per-
sistent in Luna and Dona Ana Counties, controls applied. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).
OKLAHOMA - Averaged 575 per plant on sorghum in Hitchland area and 725 per plant
in Hooker area of Texas County. Light to moderate in Cimarron County. Ranged 100-
3,000 per plant in tassels of corn in Texas County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS -
Light to moderate in sorghum surveyed in southwest, west-central, north-central,
northeast, and east-central districts. (Bell). WISCONSIN - Heavy in some fields
in central and Southwestern counties. Moderate on ears and in silks in Grant and
Iowa Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MARYLAND - Winged adults in most fields in
Howard, Baltimore, Carroll, and Harford Counties. First-instar nymphs infested
5-10 percent of corn in Howard, Baltimore, and Carroll Counties. Nymphs usually
found deep in whorl in late whorl-stage corn. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - COLORADO - Light on sorghum in Larimer County
and other northeastern areas. (Hantsbarger). TEXAS - Increased, but still below
1970 level. Some spraying with good control obtained. Most greenbugs parasitized
by a small braconid in Deaf Smith County field. Light to moderate greenbug
infestations in Dallas, Hartley, Parmer, Deaf Smith, Moore, Oldham, Castro, and
Hansford Counties. (Clymer et al.). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 110 per plant on sorghum
in Hitchland area and 50 per plant in Hooker area of Texas County. Light to
moderate in Cimarron County. Ranged up to 50 per leaf on sorghum in Caddo County,
colonies light. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - First infestations of season
observed in sorghum breeding plots in northwest area. Infestations relatively
light but more general than in other areas of State. Occasional plants with up

to 5-6 colonies per plant. (Boyer). MISSOURI - Infested all fields checked in
west-central and southwest areas. Small colonies ranged 1-3 per plant in southwest.
Colonies ranged 1-8 per plant in west-central area with severe discoloration on
bottom 4-5 leaves. (Peters). KANSAS - Economic in Sorghum in Johnson, Miami,
Shawnee, and WaShington Counties. In Shawnee and Washington Counties, severe
infestations only on seedling sorghum (2 to 5-inch tall plants). In Shawnee,
Douglas, Nemaha, Marshall, Washington, Republic, Jewell, Cloud, and Clay Counties
paraSitic wasps major factor in greenbug control. In some fields lady beetles
also appeared to be of Significant importance in control. (Bell).

NEBRASKA - Greenbug spotted and heavy, up to 2,000 per lower leaf in grain

sorghum throughout southeast corner. Increasing rapidly July 12-16 in Nemaha,
Gage, and southern Lancaster Counties, up to 3 leaves killed. Parasitism
variable, with up to 30 percent of aphids parasitized in few fields and almost

no activity in others. Predators, particularly lady beetles, abundant and

continue to increase. Near Mead, Saunders County, lady beetles in some fields
holding greenbug to 10 or less per plant. (Staples et al.). Lady beetles unusually
abundant in grain sorghum in Richardson County. (Aitken). Little greenbug

- 542 -

activity noted in York, Platte, and Seward Counties (Staples) and in Lincoln
County (Campbell). IOWA - Controls needed in several areas on grain Sorghum in
southern areas. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). SOUTH DAKOTA - Infestations on sorghum
approaching economic levels in many fields; some Spraying underway. (Jones).

HORNWORMS (Manduca spp.) - WISCONSIN - Second and third instars noted defoliating
tobacco in Southern Dane County field in which cutworm damage appeared to be
subsiding. Adults of M. quinquemaculata (tomato hornworm) appearing in larger
numbers than normal in blacklight traps. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - Moth
collections heavier than normal as far north as Montcalm County. Growers should
remain alert next 3-4 weeks. (Newman). MARYLAND - Larvae infested 2-5 percent of
tobacco plants in St. Marys, Charles, Prince Georges, and Calvert Counties.

(U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Appearing in some tomato fields in Westmoreland
County. (Ptucha).

POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - NEW YORK - Building up in central areas,
expect trouble on beans. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., July 19). PENNSYLVANIA - Populations
variable in alfalfa. Some untreated fields show moderate to severe stunting and
yellowing. (Gesell). MARYLAND - Heavy but spotty in alfalfa throughout central
counties. Ranged 0-10 per sweep in most alfalfa in Baltimore, Carroll, Frederick,
and Howard Counties. Heaviest counts ranged 30-100 per sweep. Ranged 0-25 per
sweep in alfalfa on Eastern Shore in Queen Annes, Kent, Talbot, and Caroline
Counties, with no heavy infestations. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Nymphs
and adults 80-100 per 100 sweeps on soybeans in Westmoreland County. Ranged
25-40 per 100 sweeps in Essex and King and Queen Counties. (Allen). Nymphs and
adults 75 per sweep in Augusta County field. (Hendrick, July 15). Nymphs averaged
20 per 100 sweeps in Rockbridge County. (Allen). OHIO - Adults, 6 per leaf,
damaged soybeans in Wayne County. (Flessel). WISCONSIN - Nymphs common on Norway
maple in Kenosha County nurseries July 20. Most larger nurseries treating for
this insect regularly. Damaging populations scattered, apparently more prevalent
in early cut and regrowth to blossom alfalfa. Nymphs ranged 15-30 per sweep and
yellowing appearing more slowly than normal. Damage appearing in Kewaunee County.
(Wis. Ins. Sur.). MISSOURI - Light on alfalfa in central and Southeast areas.
Ranged up to 120 per 10 sweeps. (Munson).

POTATO PSYLLID (Paratrioza cockerelli) - COLORADO - Psyllid yellows damage
reported on tomatoes in Weld County. (Rothman).

TOBACCO BUDWORM (Heliothis virescens) - MARYLAND - Immatures continue to cause
light damage to tobacco in Anne Arundel, St. Marys, Charles, and Prince Georges
Counties. Infested plants ranged 2-6 per 50 plants surveyed. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).
TENNESSEE - Very light on tobacco in Robertson and Sumner Counties. Most larvae
sick and dying. Damage to date very light. (Gordon).

TOBACCO HORNWORM (Manduca sexta) - UTAH - Some damage to tomato foliage at
Brigham City, Box Elder County. (Knowlton). KENTUCKY - Light and scattered on
tobacco throughout Warren County; larvae averaged 2 per 100 plants at one
location. Very light to nonexistant on tobacco in Christian, Logan, Graves, and
Todd Counties. (Barnett). NORTH CAROLINA - Larvae noneconomic in most fields
statewide. Populations in Columbus County and Bladen County area averaged about
3 percent. Less than 1 percent of plants infested in Lenoir and Surry Counties.
(Hunt).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - DELAWARE - Adults averaged 68 per night
in blacklight trap at Bridgeville, Sussex County. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). MARYLAND -
Percent infestation ranged 20-100 statewide, heavy infestations found in every
county. Moths averaged 10 per night at blacklight stations in Queen Annes and
Dorchester Counties. First-brood pupation expected to peak within 10 days in
Frederick, Carroll, Baltimore, and Howard Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

VIRGINIA - Generally lighter than 1970 in Piedmont and Tidewater areas. Infesta-
tions of 5-10 percent in Hanover, King and Queen, and Botetourt Counties.

- 543 -

Infestations ranged 1-5 percent in Richmond and Westmoreland Counties. (Allen).
NORTH CAROLINA - Infested 2 percent of corn with ears in Franklin, Wilson, Bertie,
Hertford, and Northampton Counties. Second-generation larvae beginning to
penetrate stalks. (Hunt). KENTUCKY - Larvae light and scattered in Graves,
Hickman, and Carlisle Counties. (Barnett). WEST VIRGINIA - Generally light state-
wide; damage 20 percent in one Monroe County field. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

OHIO - O. nubilalis damage evident on 75+ percent of no-till corn in Harrison
County July 15. (Holdsworth). MICHIGAN - Warm weather advanced normal emergence
date for second brood. Total of 26 adults collected at Monroe County blacklight
station. Limited egg laying in progress, will peak next 10-14 days. Larval ~
problems expected to continue until frost. Second brood about 7 days earlier than
1970, 14 days ahead of 1969 season. (Newman). WISCONSIN - No emergence of second-
flight moths in blacklight trap catches from Lancaster to Plover. In eastern
counties, moth catches continue relatively heavy at few locations. Larval
development variable. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Development retarded due to
cooler weather. First-generation borers per 100 stalks averaged by area: North-
west 7, northeast 2, west 16, central 4, west-southwest 6, and southwest 19.

In southern and northwestern areas, pupation Should be complete and moth emergence
advanced. Egg laying progressing rapidly, should peak next 10 days; little hatch
noted. Egg laying should be rapid in west-southwest and western areas. Little egg
laying will take place in northern area for about 10 days. (Sur. Bul.). MINNESOTA -
Pupation started; most borers in late instars. If present weather prevails, bulk
of moth flight and egg laying should start first week of August. Some early moths
seen past week. Populations in west-central district lightest north of Swift
County; no change expected. Same true for northwest district where populations
continue light. Heaviest counts and damage in State south of line from Minneapolis
and St. Paul west to State line. Stalk breakage above and below ear due to
tunneling becoming noticeable in many fields. Tassels breaking off but pollination
not affected in fields surveyed. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.).

SOUTH DAKOTA - First-brood O. nubilalis larvae continue to damage untreated corn
in eastern area. Pupae found July I5 near Freeman in eastern Hutchinson County.
Early larvae still present in Brookings County June 19. (Jones, Kantack).

NEBRASKA - First emergence of Second-brood moths noted at Lincoln, Lancaster
County, July 20 and in Hall County July 22. One Lancaster County cornfield near
100 percent infested with 1-3 third to fifth instars and occasional pupa.

Pupation estimated at about 35 percent, emergence less than 1 percent (Keith,

et al.). In 6 Dawson County fields, plants averaged about 30 percent infested

with first-brood borers. (Keith). Corn plants ranged 30-70 percent infested in 7
Hall County fields. (Roselle). KANSAS - Recent blacklight trap catches indicate
first-generation moths beginning to emerge in Republic County. Most pupated in
corn in Republic County and emerged in Brown County. Freshly laid eggs found in
field of pretassel, late-planted corn in Brown County and none found in Republic
County. In field in Brown County where 80 percent of plants infested with 1-3
second and third instars, 14 days ago, less than 10 percent of stalks bored this
week, indicating high larval mortality due to unknown causes. First-generation
borer damage appears to be much lower than 1970 in Brown County. (Bell). MISSOURI -
Counts in late corn in southeast area Showed 0-22 egg masses per 100 plants, small
larvae on 5-71 percent of plants. (Munson). ARKANSAS - Limited survey indicates no
problem in northeast area where corn acreage higher than in other areas. Most of
crop planted early. (Boyer).

WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) - COLORADO - Adults appearing in light
traps in Weld County; range 0-6 per week. (Urano). NEBRASKA - Moth flights heavy
in Parks area, Dundy County; about 2,500 moths caught each night in blacklight
trap operated July 17-18. Egg masses averaged less than 1 per 100 plants in 3
irrigated cornfields in Hitchcock County; averaged 1 per 50 plants in 2

irrigated and 2 dryland fields in Dundy County. (Munson, Wedberg).

- 544 -

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy in sorghum in Caddo,
Washita, and Jackson Counties and in corn in Canadian and Jackson Counties.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). MARYLAND - Infestations in late-planted field corn expected
within 10 days in Frederick, Montgomery, and Carroll Counties. (Us Md: 5 Ente
Dept.).

CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - WISCONSIN - D. longicornis (northern corn root-
worm) and D. virgifera (western corn rootworm) adults emerging; D. virgifera most
common. Diabrotica Spp. adults 3+ per plant in Grant County field corn. Mating
begun. Lodging reported in Trempealeau, Walworth, Waushara, Rock, and Grant
Counties. Lodging due to wind in some central county fields with no rootworm
population. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - D. longicornis and D. undecimpunctata
undecimpunctata (southern corn rootworm) adults found in Dakota, Carver, Rock,
Nobles, and Redwood Counties. Most still in larval and pupal stages. Little
lodging observed. No wilting leaves seen even in severely damaged fields. (Minn.
Ins, Rpt.). SOUTH DAKOTA - Root damage extensive on untreated corn, particularly
in northern Moody and eastern Brookings Counties. Pupation and adult emergence
not yet general in these counties through July 19. (Jones, Kantack). Adult
population may be at damaging levels in some fields next few weeks. (Jones).
KANSAS - Adults emerging in field corn statewide. Very few found in silking corn
in west-central and north-central districts but as high as 3 per plant (95 per-
cent D. virgifera) in silking corn in Brown and Stanton Counties. (Bell). UTAH -
Damaging 50 acres of corn in Ogden and Kanesville area of Weber County. First
season of corn rootworm injury of any extent. (Roberts, Knowlton).

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - WYOMING - Larvae ranged 15-20 per
plant in untreated fields in Goshen County July 13. Damage in several fields
ranged none to severe; damage to roots ranged moderate to severe in untreated
fields. Population 10 percent adults, 75 percent larvae, 15 percent pupae.
(Burkhardt). COLORADO - Adults ranged 0-5 per plant in Greeley, Lucerne, and
Fort Lupton areas of Weld County. (Rothman). Much damage to untreated corn in
Montezuma County. (Lancaster). OKLAHOMA - Adults averaged 5 per plant on untreated
corn in Texas County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Light, averaged less than 1
per plant in 7 Hall County and 6 Dawson County cornfields. (Roselle et al.).
NORTH DAKOTA - First adults of season observed on Cass County corn July 17;
averaged less than 1 per plant. (Brandvik).

NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Larvae 7-8 per
plant in field corn, noted 2 adults emerging, at Charlestown, Sullivan County.
(Fisher). NEW JERSEY - Larvae light to moderate, feeding on roots in experimental
corn plots near Bloomsbury, Hunterdon County. Many larvae full grown. (Ins. -

Dis. Newsltr.). PENNSYLVANIA - Averaged one larva per plant in Wyoming County
field that has been in continuous corn for 5-10 years. Most in last instar

July 14. No pupae found. Several small fields in Centre County in continuous

corn for 4 years averaged 6 per plant with 75 percent in pupal stage July 16.
(Gesell).

CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - MARYLAND - Infestations in field corn
ranged 40-100 percent in Frederick, Montgomery, Howard, Queen Annes, Kent, Talbot,
and Caroline Counties. Controls not needed at present. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - MISSISSIPPI - Damage light to grain sorghum
in Noxubee County, some fields treated. (Sartor). ARKANSAS - No damage occurred,

no treatments applied except for few isolated cases not needed. First midge of
season observed July 21 in breeding plots in Washington County. Remains much

below treatment level in southeast, east-central, and northeast areas. (Boyer).
MISSOURI - Midges ranged 5-10 per head on sorghum in susceptible stages in south-
east area. (Houser),

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - TEXAS - Apparently increasing in older
grain sorghum but Still light in most areas. Light to heavy in Castro, Deaf Smith,
Parmer, and Bailey Counties. Several beneficial insects, including a predacious
thrips, appear to be feeding on mites. (Clymer et al.).

- 545 -

YELLOW SUGARCANE APHID (Sipha flava) - ARKANSAS - Infestations observed for first
time this season in northwest area. Numbers low but aphids easier to find than in
past years, indicating gradual buildup. (Boyer).

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

A BILLBUG (Sphenophorus phoeniciensis) - CALIFORNIA - Adults 100 per square yard
of Bermuda grass turf in El Centro, Imperial County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

GRASSHOPPERS (Melanoplus spp.) - MARYLAND - Nymphs ranged 3-15 per square yard of
grass and legume mixture planted along many State and Interstate highways in
Baltimore, Frederick, Washington, and Carroll Counties. May move into adjacent
croplands within next few weeks. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ARKANSAS - Primarily M.
differentialis and M. femurrubrum continue troublesome in extreme northwest area.
About 1,500 acres treated in WaShington County. (Boyer).

A LEAFHOPPER (Dikraneura carneola) - OREGON - Severely damaged Alta fescue,
pubescent wheatgrass, and orchard grass on 350-acre range revegetation project
on Aldrich Mountain, Malheur National Forest. No controls undertaken this year.
Determined by P.W. Oman. (Orr).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MONTANA - Infestations on second-crop alfalfa
heaviest in many years in Blaine County. Damage in other areas reduced due to
parasites and predators. (Pratt, July 16). OREGON - Continuous egg hatch for 60
days until mid-July. Many early instars still present. Populations in infested
areas (apparently fewer than 1970) about 3 times larger than 1970 in parts of
Crook and Deschutes Counties. (Bunch). VIRGINIA - Adults 10 and larvae 5 per 100
sweeps in Augusta County field. (Hendrick, July 15). Larvae 25 per 100 sweeps in
2 fields in Rockbridge County. (Allen, July 21). VERMONT - Damage moderate to
heavy on scattered late-cut alfalfa. (Nielsen).

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Larvae per 100 sweeps in Yuma
County ranged 40-80 at Dome, 20-150 on Yuma Mesa; averaged 15 in Cochise County.
(Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - ARIZONA - Adult flights heavy in Yuma
County; larvae per 100 Sweeps ranged 10-30 on Yuma Mesa, 80-900 at Wellton and
Dome. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - MASSACHUSETTS - L. lineolaris (tarnished plant bug)
adults 63 per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in Hampshire County field. (Miller). NEVADA -
Mostly L. hesperus ranged 8-12 nymphs and 10-20 adults per sweep in alfalfa seed
fields at Dixie Valley, Pershing County. Current controls in area ineffective.

L. elisus and L. hesperus averaged 1 per sweep in seed alfalfa at Lovelock,
Pershing County; controls effective. (Stitt).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - NEVADA - Ranged 10-400 per sweep in Lovelock
alfalfa seed fields and 15-600 per sweep in Dixie Valley, Pershing County.
(Stitt). UTAH - Ranged 200-300 per 10 sweeps in Millard County alfalfa. (Roberts).
Moderate in Box Elder County fields (Lindsay); severe in much Sanpete County
alfalfa (Herring). COLORADO - Heavy on second cutting of alfalfa in Bracewell
area, Weld County. (Urano).

SWEETCLOVER APHID (Therioaphis riehmi) - IDAHO - Colonies found on white and
yellow sweetclover at Rathdrum, Kootenai County, and at Sandpoint, Bonner County.
These are new county records. (Portman).

GRASSHOPPERS - MICHIGAN - Generally more abundant in State than for years.
Infesting alfalfa as well as roadside weeds and old pastures. Cutting of alfalfa
and large populations will force them to move into other crops. Continuing dry
weather will intensify movement. (Connin, Ruppel). MARYLAND - Melanoplus spp.

- 546 -

nymphs ranged 2-4 per sweep in alfalfa and red clover in Queen Annes, Talbot,
Kent, and Caroline Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

SOYBEANS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - INDIANA - Damaged soybeans in Morgan.
Clark, Jennings, and Scott Counties. Infestations in central and south-central
districts represent extensions of damage range in State. (Matthew).

SOUTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) - KENTUCKY - Adults
per 100 sweeps averaged 36 in Soybeans in Warren County, 20 in no-till soybeans

in Logan County. (Barnett).

TWOSPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - MARYLAND - Light but slowly
increasing in several areaS of Dorchester, Wicomico, Caroline, Talbot, Kent, and
Queen Annes Counties. Some yellowing along border rows in several fields in Queen
Annes County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

PEANUTS

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - OKLAHOMA - Increasing in Bryan
County peanuts. Currently moderate. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties,
punctured squares averaged 5.4 percent in 9 treated fields, averaged 6.3 percent
in 32 untreated fields. Infestations still light. (Cowan et al.). For Boll Weevil
in High Plains see page 553. OKLAHOMA - Punctured squares ranged 25-30 percent in
early cotton in Blair and Warren areas of Jackson County. Ranged 2-3 percent in
other areas of Jackson County and in Tillman and Harmon Counties. Moderate in
Cleveland and Bryan Counties, light in Caddo County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
ARKANSAS - Adults emerging, infestations increasing. Of 7,202 fields checked,
4,215 infested; 300 or 4.2 percent needed treatment. (Boyer et al.). TENNESSEE -
Punctured squares ranged 1-83 percent in regularly infested cotton-growing area.
Most fields infested just above 10 percent control level. Dry weather caused
considerable reduction in larvae. Most of first generation emerged at this time.
If dry weather continues there will be definite reduction of second-generation
weevils which should start emerging by August 1. (Locke). LOUISIANA - Punctured-
square counts heavy in scattered fields statewide period ending July 19. Damage
levels earlier than usual in some fields. Expect punctured square counts to
increase next 10 days. Start control when 25 percent punctured squares observed.
(Tynes et al.). In Madison Parish, 28 weevils recovered from 190 wing traps;
total to date 5,040. Punctured squares averaged 8.8 percent in 8 of 15 fields.
Infestations in 84 of 96 plots checked. (Cleveland et al.).

MISSISSIPPI - A. grandis infestations ranged 2.3-21 percent in 87 fields checked
in Noxubee, ChickaSaw, Monroe, Holmes, Sharkey, and Washington Counties; 1-13 in
9,400 acres checked in Coahoma, Quitman, Tallahatchie, Grenada, Yalobusha, and
Calhoun Counties. (Sartor). In delta counties, punctured squares averaged 19.2
percent in 4 of 6 fields. Some fields treated. Collected 2 weevils in pheromone-
baited wing traps in Washington County. (Pfrimmer et al.). GEORGIA - Light to
heavy in Southern area. (Womack, July 17). Punctured squares averaged 16 percent
in treated plots, 45 percent in untreated plots in Spalding County. (Tippins).
NORTH CAROLINA - Punctured bolls ranged 0-30 percent and 70-80 percent of bolls
dropped in 20 acres of cotton near Pembroke, Robeson County. Crop in maximum
fruiting stage. (Johnson).

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - NEW MEXICO - Light and spotty in cotton surveyed in
Dona Ana County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties, eggs
averaged 7 (maximum 15.7) and larvae 8.9 (maximum 22) per 100 terminals in 9
treated fields. Eggs averaged 1.2 (maximum 10) and larvae 0.4 (maximum 4.6) per
100 terminals in 32 untreated fields. Damaged squares averaged 7 percent in 9

- 547 -

treated fields; averaged 0.6 percent in 32 untreated fields. (Cowan et al.).
OKLAHOMA - Light (0-6 per 100 plants) in Harmon, Tillman, Jackson, Caddo, and
Grady Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Moth flights decreased on sugar
lines, but increased again in Pulaski and Jefferson Counties. Egg laying expected
to continue at low levels. Little treatment necessary except for upper Arkansas
Valley and Pulaski County where moth flights have been heavy. (Boyer et al.).
LOUISIANA - Heliothis spp. eggs and small larvae in many fields throughout Red
River Valley period ending July 19. Predators in some fields not controlling
infestations. Start control when larval counts 5 per 100 terminals. Expect
infestations in northeast soon. (Tynes et al.). In Madison Parish, damaged
squares averaged 1.7 percent in 60 of 96 plots. Eggs averaged 3.2 per 100
terminals in 47 of 96 plots, no larvae. (Cleveland et al.). MISSISSIPPI - Percent
infestation ranged 1-10 in 88 fields checked in Noxubee, Holmes, Monroe,
Chickasaw, Sharkey, and Washington Counties; 1-5 in 9,400 acres in Coahoma,
Quitman, Tallahatchie, Grenada, Yalobusha, and Calhoun Counties. (Sartor). In
delta counties, eggs averaged 0.5 per 100 terminals in 4 of 6 fields, no larvae.
Damaged squares averaged 0.75 percent in 3 of 6 fields. H. zea moth collections
in light trap increased, no increase in egg laying yet. (Pfrimmer et al.).

TENNESSEE - Heliothis spp. increasing. Counts ranged 1-13 larvae or eggs per 100
terminals. Most infeStations below control levels but further increases expected.
(Locke). GEORGIA - Light to heavy in southern areas. (Womack, July 17). Damaged
squares less than one percent in Spalding County. (Tippins). SOUTH CAROLINA - Egg
deposition statewide generally much lower than expected for time of year. (Sparks).

WEBWORMS (Loxostege spp.) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy and damaging young cotton in some
fields in Jackson County and in many fields in Washita County. (Okla. Coop.
Sur):

TOBACCO

TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - KENTUCKY - Adult damage light on
tobacco in Graves County; less than 10 percent of foliage lost. (Barnett).

SUGAR BEETS

SUGARBEET ROOT MAGGOT (Tetanops myopaeformis) - WYOMING - In Park County, maggots
ranged 0-31 (averages ranged 8-22) per beet near Powell; ranged 0-24 (averages
ranged 3-22) per beet in Willwood area; ranged 0-58 near Hart Mountain. In two
other areas in Park County counts ranged 0-44 and 30-83. Highest count was 91

per beet. (Burkhardt).

MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS

YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera ornithogalli) - OKLAHOMA - Larvae (several
stages) damaging mungbeans (average height 6 inches) in Kingfisher and Garfield
Counties. One or more larvae present on 90 percent of plants in many fields.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - MICHIGAN - Found in several potatofields

in Bay County. Growers Should be Spraying. Also found in several fields of peppers.
(Cress). DELAWARE - Increase light on Sweet peppers compared to last week. First
apterous adults on peppers. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). NEW JERSEY - Heavy and damaging
foliage of potato planting near Lumberton, Burlington County. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.).

COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlinenta) - UTAH - Still infesting some
potatoes and tomatoes in northern area, but much less Serious than earlier in
season. (Knowlton).

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BEANS AND PEAS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - WYOMING - Adults, eggs, and larvae
on beans in Torrington area, GoShen County. Controls underway. (Burkhardt).

LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - COLORADO - Heavy on beans in Eaton area of Weld County.
Controls applied. (Urano).

BEAN THRIPS (Caliothrips fasciatus) - COLORADO - Common in beans in Delta,
Montrose, and MeSa Counties. Controls applied. (Bulla).

TWOSPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - COLORADO - Reported on beans in
Johnstown area of Weld County; Some control necessary. (Urano).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

ASPARAGUS APHID (Brachycolus asparagi) - NEW JERSEY - Infestation found July 20
on Interstate Highway 295 at Gloucester and Salem County line. (Ins.-Dis.
Newsltr.).

SPOTTED ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Crioceris duodecimpunctata) - NEVADA - Collected on
asparagus at Reno, Washoe County, for a new county record. (Bechtel).

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplosia ni) - VIRGINIA - Moths increased night of July 18
in light trap at Painter, Accomack County, on Eastern Shore; 49 collected.
(Hofmaster).

DETECTION
New State Records - In PENNSYLVANIA, a PLATYGASTERID WASP (Platygaster obscuri-
a Sullivan County, a EURYTOMID WASP (Eurytoma So York “ae

553). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Cp 554).
MOSQUITO (Aedes abserratus) MARYLAND - Garrett County. (p. 552).

New County, Island, Parish, and Independant City Records - An ADELGID (Pineus

pini) HAWAII - Maui (p. 555). ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus
MISSOURI - Boone (p. 551). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria diSpar) MARYLAND - Calvert,

Dorchester, Howard, Prince Georges, Anne Arundel, Charles, Talbot; VIRGINIA -
Hampton (p. 554). HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) VIRGINIA - Giles; KANSAS -
Wallace (p. 550). JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) ALABAMA - Morgan; GEORGIA -
Elbert, Oglethorpe; SOUTH CAROLINA = Barnwell; KENTUCKY - Bullitt, Casey, Cumber-
land, Hardin (p. 554). A LYGAEID BUG (Neacoryphus bicrucis) HAWAII - Molokai

(p. 555). An EARWIG (Labidura riparia) CALIFORNIA - Kern (p. 550). SOYBEAN CYST
NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines) LOUISIANA - Concordia; ILLINOIS - Williamson

(p. 555). SPOTTED ASPARAGUS BEETLE (Crioceris duodecimpunctata) NEVADA - Washoe
(p. 548). SWEETCLOVER APHID (Therioaphis riehmi) IDAHO - Kootenai, Bonner

Gp, £545).

Weather of the week continued from page 540.

70's and 80's from the eastern edge of the northern and central Great Plains to
the northern and middle Atlantic coast. The maximum temperature at Amarillo,
Texas, Monday afternoon was 71°, this being 26° cooler than Sunday's maximum of
97°. Early morning minimums dropped to the 50's over the northern border States.
Warm humid weather continued in the Southeast with maximums mostly in the 90's,
but dropping to the 80's by Wednesday. The weekend brought a continuation of warm
weather to the Far West with maximums in the 90's at most locations, but reaching
100° at spots. The southwestern deserts warmed to 108° to 112° or higher each
afternoon, Afternoon readings in the 90'S were common over the Deep South, where
high humidity added to the discomfort of the citizens. The Northeast continued
relatively cool and pleasant. Weekly average temperatures were above normal from
the Pacific coast to the Great Basin and in southern Florida. The rest of the
Nation averaged cooler than normal.

- 549 -

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - WEST VIRGINIA - Fruit stings and foliage
injury noted in several Sprayed orchards and heavy damage observed in unsprayed
blocks in Berkeley County. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.). OREGON - Observed 3 newly emerged
adults at light adjacent in West Salem, Polk County, July 20. First second-brood
moths of year. (Westcott). CALIFORNIA - Infesting apple fruit, one larva per
apple, in one-acre planting in Bakersfield, Kern County; general in apple fruit
at Hanford, Kings County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) - COLORADO - Adults increasing in
attractant traps; ranged 10-60 per trap in some orchards in Mesa County, partic-
ularly in Vineland and Palisade areas. Controls advised for high recovery orchards.
(Bulla, Anderson).

APPLE MAGGOT (Rhagoletis pomonella) - MAINE - Adult emergence and oviposition
punctures very evident and increased in Kennebec County. All orchards need pro-
tection. (Gall). CONNECTICUT - Emergence tripled at New Haven, Glastonbury, and
Storrs. Light in other areas probably due to dry conditions. Should increase
rapidly now that ground crust softened. (Savos). NEW YORK - Hatch increasing in
Monroe and Orleans Counties. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., July 19). MICHIGAN - No systematic
pattern of emergence in State. (Thompson).

CHERRY FRUIT FLY (Rhagoletis cingulata) - MICHIGAN - Larvae first recovered from
fruit samples collected in Antrim County July 19, Benzie County July 16, Grand
Traverse County July 19, and Leelanau County July 13. (Hanna).

WHITE APPLE LEAFHOPPER (Typhlocyba pomaria) - MICHIGAN - Eggs should hatch soon.
Serious outbreaks and problem situations can be anticipated in orchards where
first generation poorly controlled. (Thompson).

PEARSLUG (Caliroa cerasi) - UTAH - Injury to cherry foliage increasing in Box
Elder County; occasionally severe. (Lindsay). PENNSYLVANIA - Damage moderate to
Japanese cherry and sweet cherry trees in Crawford and Mercer Counties. Pupation
underway July 19; Ssecond-generation adults expected last week of July. (Adams).

SPIDER MITES - UTAH - Tetranychus mcdanieli (McDaniel spider mite) and Tetrany-
chus spp. increasing in apple and pear orchards in many areas. Populations severe
in Washington County apple orchards (Huber); building up rapidly throughout
northern areas (Davis). COLORADO - T. urticae (twospotted spider mite) caused leaf
injury in certain pear orchards in Mesa County. Populations light to moderate in
pear and apple orchards in county. (Bulla). SOUTH CAROLINA - T. urticae apparently
peaked, now declining on apples and ornamentals. (Nettles). NEW JERSEY - Panonychus
ulmi (European red mite) continued to increase in many blocks; light to moderate
leaf bronzing apparent. Typhlodromus fallacis (a phytoseiid mite), a predacious
Species, present in most of same blocks. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.).

WALNUT HUSK FLY (Rhagoletis completa) - OREGON - Four flies taken July 21 at
Garden Valley, Douglas County, one in each of 4 traps in walnut orchard. First
report of fly emergence in State. Last year, flies first found in Douglas County
July 22, (Passon).

CITRUS

Insect Situation in Florida - Mid-July - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta
Oleivora) infested 85 (norm 58) percent of groves; economic in 68 (norm 34) per-
cent. Population on leaves and fruit highest for mid-July in 20 years of record.
Leaf population will decrease late in July, fruit population will increase through
July and decrease in August, Statewide population will continue to be above normal
and very high despite predicted decreases. All districts high. CITRUS RED MITE
(Panonychus citri) infested 74 (norm 70) percent of groves; economic in 44 (norm
41) percent. Peak occurred in late June; above normal and in high range. Decrease

- 550 -

started early in July and will continue through August, population expected to be
low. Highest districts south, west, and north. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus
banksi) infested 90 (norm 76) percent of groves; economic in 71 (norm 53) per-
cent. Population attained summer peak early in July. In high range and much above
normal. Decrease to low level expected in August. All districts high. GLOVER
SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested 82 (norm 80) percent of groves; economic
in 20 (norm 29) percent. Decreased and now below normal. Expected to drop out of
high range in July and continue to decrease to low level in August. Highest
districts south and west. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) population near normal and in
moderate range with slight decrease expected. Highest district south. BLACK SCALE
(Saissetia oleae) infested 69 (norm 85) percent of groves; economic in 42 (norm
65) percent. Population entered high range but below normal, Little change
expected. Highest districts east, south, and central. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria
pergandii) infested 50 (norm 66) percent of groves; economic in 1 (norm 13)
percent. YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) infested 42 (norm 66) percent of
groves; economic in none (norm 11) percent. These two scales below normal abun-
dance and expected to occur only as light infestations. Populations will remain
low to moderate in all districts. An ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) infested 28
percent of groves; economic in 20 percent. Increased in early July and is higher
than in July of any prior year. Slight decrease expected. WHITEFLIES infested

79 percent of groves; economic in 22 percent. Population in high range and
slightly above normal, Temporary increase expected. Highest districts east and
west. MEALYBUGS infested 64 percent of groves; economic in 22 percent. Population
attained annual peak of abundance at moderate level and much below normal.
Decrease expected. (W.A. Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)).

SMALL GRAINS

GRAPE BERRY MOTH (Paralobesia viteana) - MICHIGAN - Second-generation moths in
pheromone traps since July 14. Eggs also found on grape berries. Control measures
in problem vineyards should start within 10-14 days of first emergence or no
later than July 28. (Thompson).

WESTERN GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - UTAH - Severe on grape
foliage in all Washington County Vineyards. (Huber).

GRAPE LEAFHOPPER (Erythroneura comes) - IDAHO - Heavy on grapes throughout
Canyon County. Control necessary in many cases. (Homan).

ORNAMENTALS

HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) - VIRGINIA - Adults on hollyhock in Giles
County. Determined by W.A, Allen. This is a new county record. (Straley, July 3).
KANSAS - Found on hollyhock in nursery in Wallace County. Determined by M. Shuman.
This is a new county record. (Bell).

AN EARWIG (Labidura riparia) - CALIFORNIA - Adults infesting soil around resi-

Rees in Bakersfield, Kern County. This is a new county record. (Cal. Coop.
Dts)

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

A SATURNIID MOTH (Coloradia pandora lindseyi) - OREGON - Moth flight began July 13,
now heavy in lodgepole pine stand east of Newberry Crater on Deschutes National
Forest in Deschutes County. Areas heavily defoliated during late August or early
September 1970. (Orr).

SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus frontalis) - NORTH CAROLINA - Aerial surveys
with follow-up ground Surveys completed April 30, revealed 78+55 infested trees
per 1,000 acres of host type; considered heavy infestation. General infestation
located primarily in Cherokee County between Murphy and Andrews. (USFS).

- 551 -

EASTERN SPRUCE GALL APHID (Adelges abietis) - WEST VIRGINIA - Galls on 20 percent
of trees in one-acre block of Norway spruce in Greenbrier County and 70 percent
of trees in 2-acre block in Pocahontas County. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

REDHEADED PINE SAWFLY (Neodiprion lecontei) - MICHIGAN - Currently found in
instars 2-5, feeding on pines generally shorter than 15 feet in plantations and
where pine exists in understory position. (Sauer).

ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - KANSAS - Second generation mostly pupated
at Topeka, Shawnee County; many Chinese elms show severe damage. (Bell).
COLORADO - Damage becoming heavy; defoliation 100 percent on untreated trees.
(Sisson). NEW MEXICO - Larvae heavy, 2-3 per leaf, on Siberian elms scattered
throughout Las Cruces, Dona Ana County. (Hare).

ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) - MISSOURI - Light to moderate
throughout central and south-central areas. Defoliation of smaller oaks common
in infested areas. (Gass). Adults collected by W.S. Craig at Columbia, Boone
County, for a new county record. (Munson).

SATIN MOTH (Stilpnotia salicis) - OREGON - Large numbers of adults at storefronts
in Prineville, Cook County, morning of July 17, indicate heavy flight night of
July 16. (Westcott). Larvae stripped many untreated trees and shrubs in Prine-
ville, especially willows, this spring. First large moth flight noted week of
July 9; subsequent heavy flights resulted in large numbers on sidewalks. Flights
decreased this period. This is unusually heavy infestation, estimated to be 25-50
times heavier than 1970. (Bunch).

CALIFORNIA OAKWORM (Phryganidia californica) - OREGON - Apparently caused much
leaf damage to chinquapin oak in Several areas of Douglas and Lane Counties.
Single pupa found attached to leaf near Fern Ridge Reservoir, Lane County,
(Kline).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - ARKANSAS - Active in northeast area. Webs up to
3 feet in diameter on persimmon and other hosts. Defoliation of persimmon com-
plete in some cases. Species becoming active in northwest, but about 3 weeks later
than normal. (Boyer). NEW MEXICO - Light and spotty with 1-5 tents per poplar

tree at Las Cruces, Dona Ana County. (Hare).

WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) - ARKANSAS - Continues to defoliate wal-
nut trees in northwest and west-central areas. (Boyer).

A NOTODONTID MOTH (Symmerista canicosta) - MICHIGAN - No adults in blacklight trap
in Wellston indicates egg laying completed. Less than 10 percent of eggs unhatched;
will hatch within 7 days. Egg parasitism low (about 2-3 percent). Predation of
early instars by stink bug nymphs heavy. Defoliation expected to be severe over
large portion of Manistee National Forest. (HEiber).

A GRASSHOPPER (Dendrotettix quercus) - MISSOURI - Heavy populations defoliated
some oak and hickory in South-central area. Mating underway. (Gass).

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 8 cases reported in U.S. July
18-25: TEXAS - Bowie 4, Kimble 1, Kinney 1, Starr 1; ARKANSAS - Little River 1.
(Anim. Health Div.).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - VERMONT - Major annoyance on warm days in Chitten-
den County. (Nielsen). MARYLAND - Ranged 5-15 per head on sprayed horses and

cattle, 35-80 per head on unsprayed livestock in Frederick, Howard, Carroll, and
Montgomery Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). NORTH DAKOTA - Economic, ranged 8-35
(averaged 18) per face on calves in sandhills area of Ransom County. (Brandvik).

- 552 -

SOUTH DAKOTA - Peak populations annoying cattle. (Jones). IDAHO - Adults averaged
35 per face on 1,700 head of cattle in Porthill area of Boundary County. Pinkeye
spreading in cattle. (Studer).

HOUSE FLY (Musca domestica) - INDIANA - Adults heavy in stables where manure
permitted to accumulate in Tippecanoe County. (Dobson). OKLAHOMA - Ranged up to
14 per Scudder grid in untreated barns in Payne County, most counts averaged 7
or less per grid. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - FLORIDA - Averaged 80 per animal on beef cattle
at Williston, Levy County. (Head). Unusually light for time of year. (Butler).
MISSISSIPPI - Average counts per animal by county: Holmes 260 on 300 head; Hinds
18 on 211 head; Monroe 75 on 500 head; Washington 20 on 250 head. (Sartor).
MARYLAND - Ranged 60-200 per head on dairy and beef cattle in Dorchester County.
Below normal in Frederick, Baltimore, Carroll, Howard, Montgomery, and Washington
Counties where counts ranged 0-20 per head. Most central county herdsmen applying
controls to prevent buildup. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VERMONT - Continues to increase.
(Nielsen). SOUTH DAKOTA - Populations at peak and annoying cattle. (Jones).
WYOMING - Ranged 30-40 per side on cattle west of Laramie, Albany County. (Spack-
man). IDAHO - Averaged 350 per side on 300 head of cattle in Porthill area of
Boundary County. (Studer). UTAH - Heavy on some Washington County cattle herds.
(Huber). Many small herds in northern areas apparently treated. (Knowlton).
OKLAHOMA - Ranged 200-300 per head on cattle in Payne County. Heavy in Cotton
County, moderate in Cleveland and Atoka Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - WISCONSIN - Severe annoyance to cattle reported
in Rock, Calumet, Sauk, and Iowa Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MARYLAND - Ranged
5-25 per head of livestock in central area. Controls applied in all areas, (U.
Md., Ent. Dept.)».

MOSQUITOES - MARYLAND - Aedes abserratus collected April 30, 1971, near Fingel,
Garrett County, by W.E, Bickley. Also collected May 5, 1971, at same location by
S.P. Joseph and J. Mallack. Determined by W.E. Bickley. This is a new State

record, Larvae found in cranberry swamp in association with A. canadensis. (U. Md.,
Ent. Dept.). MICHIGAN - Snow pool mosquitoes still most serious pests in State
parks but collections indicate other species becoming numerous and can be expected
to be increasingly important through rest of summer. (Newson). WISCONSIN - Heavy
and localized near permanent wetlands in all areas of State. A. cinereus remains
dominant biter at sites checked. Heavy rainfall in some areas and dry conditions in
others largely responsible for considerable variation in populations among coun-
ties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.), MINNESOTA - A, vexans in 431 of 625 larval collections,
Culex tarsalis in 73. A. vexans dominant in evening bite collections; accounted for
58 percent of daytime collections. Light trap catches totaled 6,984 females; 77
percent A. vexans, 13 percent Coquillettidia perturbans, and 1 percent Culex
tarsalis. AS predicted, trap catches increased Substantially July 19 and 20, This
very heavy brood came from rains which fell July 7. Nuisance levels expected to
remain high 14 days. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.). SOUTH DAKOTA - Annoying cattle. (Jones) .
WYOMING - Counts ranged 5-6 to as high as 225 per side on cattle west of Laramie,
Albany County. (Spackman). UTAH - A. nigromaculis problem in parts of Salt Lake
City, South Salt Lake, and Magna areas of Salt Lake County. (Roberts). Culex
tarsalis increased rapidly, but populations of Aedes spp. low for Weber County.
(Frank). Mosquitoes troublesome throughout Cache County (Knowlton) , annoyance
moderate in Sanpete County (Herring). Mosquitoes serious problem along Virgin
River, especially troublesome at Hurricane and Bloomington. (Huber).

Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Outbreak in Texas - This virus disease affects
horses, mules, donkeys, and man. The mortality rate in horses is high but
relatively low in man. The disease in man is flu-like. This virus was first
recorded in 1938 from Venezuela, but has spread through Central America and into
Mexico where the current loss of horses is estimated in the thousands. Confirma-

tion of this virus in Texas was made during July 1971. It has been estimated that
about 1,200 horses had been lost as of July 22 in Texas, Federal and State

- 553 -

quarantines have been invoked to restrict movement of horses and other equines
into and out of Texas and other affected areas of the U.S. A combination vacci-
nation and insect control program is underway by State, Federal, and local
personnel. About 8 million acres are to be Sprayed in Texas and Louisiana with
malathion and naled to control suspected vectors. Several species of mosquitoes
and possibly other Diptera are suspected vectors. (Anim, Health Div.).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

A PLATYGASTERID WASP (Platygaster obscuripennis) - PENNSYLVANIA - About 20 adults
emerged from 2 willow terminal twig galls caused by Rhabdophaga salicistriticoides
(a cecidomyiid midge). Galls collected at La Porte, Sullivan Satney: February

15, 1971, by G.B, Sleesman. R. salicistriticoides determined by R.J. Gagne.

ip) obscuripennis determined by P.M. Marsh and is a new State record. (Kim).

A EURYTOMID WASP (Eurystoma obtusiventris) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adult emerged from
golden rod gall caused by Eurosta solidaginis (a tephritid fly). Gall collected at
Gifford Pinchot State Park, York County, March 21, 1971, by G,B. Sleesman,.

E., solidaginis determined by R.J. Gagne, E, obtusiventris determined by B.D. Burks
and is a new State record. (Kim). wi

BUMBLEBEES - OHIO - Workers of Megabombus auricomus, M. pennsylvanicus, and
Pyrobombus bimaculatus observed foraging on red clover in Highland County July 20.
Males of P. griseocollis emerged in Highland County. Queens of M, auricomus and
workers of M. auricomus, P. bimacultaus, P. impatiens,and P. vagans captured on

red clover in Greene County. (Andress).

BRACONIDS - ARIZONA - Averaged 20 per 100 sweeps in alfalfa and heavy on other
crops in Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

LADY BEETLES - ARKANSAS - Hippodamia convergens (convergent lady beetle) outnum-
bers Coleomegilla maculata in sorghum and alfalfa throughout State. Adults but no
eggs, larvae, or pupae found in sorghum and alfalfa in northwest area. (Boyer).
ARIZONA - Unspecified lady beetles averaged 25 per 100 sweeps in Cochise County
alfalfa. Heavy on other crops. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

A FLOWER BUG (Orius insidiosus) - ARKANSAS - Adults very active in blooming
sorghum in all areas; however, number of nymphs lower than in past years. (Boyer).

DAMSEL BUGS - ARIZONA - Averaged 60 per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in Cochise County;
heavy throughout county on other crops. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

LACEWINGS - ARIZONA - Averaged 15 per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in Cochise County;
heavy on other crops. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

control zone. Light below Caprock in Hall, Dickens, and Kent Counties; confined
to early planted irrigated fields. To date, one weevil detected in cotton above
Caprock, (Rummel, July 19). For Boll Weevil in other areas see page 546.

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - Infestations light and scattered in

GRASS BUGS - UTAH - Labops utahensis discoloring grasses in Huff Creek area near
Upton, Summit County. (Knowlton, Moore). Irbisia spp. largely disappeared from
crested wheatgrass in Curlew Valley, Box Elder County. (Knowlton).

GRASSHOPPERS - WASHINGTON - Melanoplus sanguinipes, M. packardii, and Oedaleonotus
quigma dominant, About 15,000 acres of cheatgrass infested from Fishhook Park to
urbank in Franklin County. Ranged 10-15 per square yard, 90 percent adults. Area
adjacent to newly irrigated farmland. Problems may develop as range dries and
grasshoppers move into cropland. M. femurrubrum and M. sanguinipes caused severe

- 554 -

damage to drying rangeland from Asotin toward Grande Ronde River. Nymphs at
higher elevations, adults along river. (PPD). NEVADA - Melanoplus sSanguinipes
adults ranged 20-35 per square yard on 10,000+ acres of rangeland including
abandoned fields in Diamond Valley, Eureka County. Egg laying should start in
about 7 days. Adjacent alfalfa and other crops heavily damaged although 1,200
acres of cropland treated. Oedaleonotus enigma, Aulocara elliotti, M. packardii,
and M. sanguinipes averaged 17 per square yard on 10,000 acres of rangeland in
Crescent Valley, Eureka County. During period July 1-17, treatments applied to
4,900 acres of crested wheatgrass infested with O. enigma and M. Sanguinipes and
5,000 acres, mostly alfalfa but some grain, infested with M. bivittatus and

M. sanguinipes in Kings River Valley, Humboldt County. (Wilson). 0. enigma
average per square yard on 100 acres of rangeland at Orovada, Humboldt County.

(Rowe). KANSAS - Unspecified nymphs averaged about 20 per square yard along
border of alfalfa field north of Frankfort, Marshall County; defoliation about 30
percent. (Bell). WYOMING - About 15,000 acres sprayed in Big Horn area. (Spack-
man). NORTH DAKOTA - Grasshoppers moved from alfalfa stubble to wheat and flax

in Ransom County. Damage to small grain evident with 50 percent of leaves stripped
in wheat, light boll clipping in flax. Grasshoppers ranged 6-8 per square yard in
wheat and flax, up to 20 per square yard in alfalfa stubble. M. bivittatus,

M. Sanger. | and M. packardii dominant. (Brandvik). MINNESOTA - Grasshoppers
ranged 25- per square yard along U.S, Highway 75 in northern Wilkin County;
10-15 in Clay County. Adjacent grain with only few grasshoppers, no apparent
damage. Mostly M. bivittatus, many adults. In Goodhue County»)4 miles south of
Cannon Falls, counts ranged 18-45 per square yard along roadsides, 18-27 per
square yard in adjacent alfalfa field. M. femurrubrum dominant, in third and
fourth instars. M. bivittatus, M. sanguinipes, and Chorthippus curtipennis
present. Damage Tight. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). IOWA - Ranged 10-50 per square yard in
fencerows and roadsides; M. differentialis, M. femurrubrum, and M. sanguinipes
dominant. Infestations similar in weStern and eastern thirds of State. (lowa Ins.
Sur.).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - NEW YORK - Males in Dutchess and Ulster County
blacklight traps July 10-11. Defoliation about 35 percent on oaks in portions of
Ulster County. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). MARYLAND - Specimens trapped in Calvert,
Dorchester, Howard, Prince Georges, Anne Arundel, Charles, and Talbot Counties for
new county records; VIRGINIA - Specimens trapped at Hampton for Independent City
record; specimens trapped in Washington for a new District of Columbia record.
Determinations by E. L, Todd. (PPD). SOUTH CAROLINA - Adult traps checked at
camping sites along Lake Marion, negative. (Langford).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - Adults collected as follows: ALABAMA -
Morgan County; GEORGIA - Elbert and Oglethorpe Counties; SOUTH CAROLINA - Barn-
well County; KENTUCKY - Bullitt, Casey, Cumberland, and Hardin Counties. Deter-
mined by R.D, Gordon, These are new county records. (PPD). VIRGINIA - Damaged

up to 10 percent of silks in several cornfields in King and Queen County. (Allen).
Infestations very heavy in Prince Edward County for fourth consecutive year;
current infestation worst to date. Damaging wide variety of crops. (Peery).

WEST VIRGINIA - Caused heavy damage to one-acre block of pin oak in Mercer County
nursery. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.). MARYLAND - Adults continue to feed on silks and
foliage of corn in several areas of Queen Annes, Caroline, Kent, and Talbot
Counties. Percent infestation ranged 4-20 in several fields. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).
PENNSYLVANIA - Population during first half of July at highest level in over
decade, Problem appears general statewide, Foliage damage evident on numerous
hosts. (Adams). OHIO - Adult emergence near peak in eastern areas. (Rose). Adults,
1 per 5 plants, feeding on tassels and silks of field corn in Ross County.
(Andress).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA - Sterile moths released,
2,517,000 at Bakersfield, Kern County; season total 48,192,250 as of July 22,
No native moths taken in area during 19 weeks traps have been operated this
season. (PPD).

- 555 -

SOYBEAN. CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines) - LOUISIANA - Cysts taken in Concor-
dia Parish for new parish record; ILLINOIS - Cysts taken in Williamson County for
new county record. Determinations by A. M. Golden. (PPD). TENNESSEE - Continues to
stunt soybeans in all western areas. (Gordon).

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Turf and Pasture - GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) larvae light (less
than 0.33 per square foot) in 40 acres of Kikuyu grass pasture at Hana, Maui;
damage light and spotty. Adults of Casinaria infesta (an ichneumon) moderate.
(Miyahira).

General Vegetables - SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) adults averaged
3-4 per plant on long beans at Ewa, Oahu. Eggs of Trichopoda pennipes var. pilipes
(a tachina fly) on all N. viridula adults. (Au). All stages of CARMINE SPIDER
MITE (Tetranychus cinnabarinus) moderate in 2 small plantings of bell peppers at
Anahola, Kauai, (Ikehara) .

Ornamentals - Adults of a BARK BEETLE (Xylosandrus compactus) heavy, 20 on 2
branch tips 8 inches long, on magnolia at Manoa, Oahu. (Mitchell).

Forest and Shade Trees - Nymphs and adults of a CONIFER APHID (Cinara carolina)
generally light in 8 acres (3,000 trees) of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) at
Olinda, Maui. About 50 percent of trees infested. Aphids ranged 5-25 per terminal
on 30 percent of infested trees. Light terminal dieback occurred from heavy
infestation 4 months ago. Adults of Coelophora inaequalis (a lady beetle) 3 per
terminal amid aphids. (Miyahira), Nymphs and adults of an ADELGID (Pineus pini)
on Pinus sp. at 1,219 meters at Olinda, Maui. This is a new island record.
(Miyahira). Larvae and adults of a NOCTUID MOTH (Melipotis indomita) light to
moderate on monkey pod trees at Halawa, Oahu, at Lahaina, Maui, and at Koloa,
Kauai, At Halawa, monthly adult catches in light traps as follows: May 433,

June 162, and July (first 21 days) 56. Larvae 3-25 per tree under bark of 6 trees
at Halawa, Damage to new foliage moderate on 3 of 12 trees at Lahaina. Defoliation
80-90 percent on 3 trees at Koloa. (Au et al.).

Beneficial Insects - Larvae and adults of a GORSE WEEVIL (Apion ulicis) heavy on
gorse in forest reserve at Olinda, Maui. About 84 percent of mature seed pods
heavily infested on scattered gorse clumps bordering pine trees. (Miyahira).
Adults of a SCARAB (Copris incertus prociduus) moderate to heavy at lights at
Kahakuloa and Makawao, Maui. This Species purposely introduced to aid in control
of Haematobia irritans (horn fly). (Tamura).

Miscellaneous Pests - Adults of a LYGAEID BUG (Neacoryphus bicrucis) moderate on
flowers of Erigeron sp. and Pittosporum sp. at Damiloa, Molokai, This is a new
island record. (Davis). Adults of a MIRID BUG (Pycnoderes quadrimaculatus) numer-
ous in fruit fly trap baited with trimedlure at Kau, Hawaii. (Nakagawa).

556

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Estimates of Damage by the European Corn Borer
To Grain Corn in the United States in 1970

Compiled by the Economic Insect Survey and Detection Staff,
PPD, ARS

The loss to grain corn attributed to the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis)
in 1970 is estimated to be approximately 195,885,000 bushels in 15 corn-producing
States. In these States the loss was 5.38 percent of the production. This loss is
approximately 4.76 percent of the total national crop estimated at 4,109,792,000
bushels. 1/ The value of the loss, based on the season average prices received by
farmers for corn 2/, is $250,178,000. These loss estimates are only for the States
shown in Table 1, and are based on the counties or districts surveyed during the
fall of 1970 within these States. 3/

Table 1 is a composite of State and Federal estimates. These estimates were pre-
pared by using production data Wes and prices received 2s released by the
Statistical Reporting Service. The basis for the loss estimates was determined
by the survey of European corn borer populations during the fall of 1970. 3/
The index of 3 percent loss per borer per plant was used to compute the loss in
bushels.

Estimated losses to grain corn for the past 19 years in States where the fall
abundance survey was conducted are as follows:

1970 195,885,000 Bushels $250,178,000
1969 163,501,000 " 182,509,000
1968 154,554,000 " 161,287,000
1967 59,661,000 " 63,837,000
1966 121,236,000 " 155,876,000
1965 54,318,100 " 59,374,160
1964 87,116,000 " 97,478,000
1963 120,647,000 " 127,838,000
1962 88 , 245,000 " 93,695,000
1961 65,044,000 " 68,998, 000
1960 102,991,000 " 96,085,000
1959 67,763,000 " 71,979,000
1958 100,699,000 " 98,434,000
1957 180,897,000 " 158,841,000
1956 97,971,000 " 119,535,000
1955 155,355,000 " 182,579,000
1954 191,614,000 " 261,415,000
1953 90,000,000 " 125,466,000
1952 53,270,000 " 77,205,000

al Crop Production, 1970 Annual Summary by States, Crop Reporting Board,
Statistical Reporting Service, USDA, December 18, 1970.

2/ Crop Values, Season Average Prices Received by Farmers and Value of Production
1969 and 1970 - by States, Crop Reporting Board, Statistical Reporting
Service, USDA, December 29, 1970.

3/ Cooperative Economic Insect Report 21(5):47-54, 1971.

- 557 -

- 558 -

Table Ll Estimates of Damage by the European Corn Borer to
Corn Grown for Grain in the United States in 1970

Estimated Data

Total Value : Value B

oe 08 00 08 cf

Districts Dtace 3) per eas of

State Included 1/: Production; Bushel: Production: Loss of Crop

Number 1,000 Bu. Dollars $1,000 1,000 Bu. $1,000
Arkansas 3 1,575 1.43 2,252 4 5
Delaware 1 13,690 1.46 19,987 1,270 1,854
Illinois UI 744,884 eon 1 O6i oo 15,272 20,923
Indiana 12 371,998 1.35 502,197 5,254 7,093
Iowa 12 859,140 28 * 1,,0995699 66,439 85,042
Kansas 3 79,670 L230 103,571 a Wer fi 2,302
Maryland 3 40,172 147 59,053 1,598 2,349
Michigan a 114,076 1.30 148 , 299 5,173 6,725
Minnesota 7 390,490 1.22 476,398 20,687 25,031
Missouri 7 173,057 1.40 242,280 6,663 9,328
Nebraska 5 367,275 1.27 466,439 52,013 66,058
North Dakota 1 6,500 1.15 7,475 101 116
Ohio 5 232,078 1.35 313,305 5,061 6,832
South Dakota 6 102,336 peal 123.827 9,556 11,563
Wisconsin 9 143 ,520 1.35 193,752 4,646 6,272
Totals 3,640,461 4,820,125 195,885 250,178

aL Cooperative Economic Insect Report 21(5) :47-54, 1971

U.S. Dept. Agr.
Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt.
21(31):557-558, 1971

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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 August 6, 1971 Number 32

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

CORN EARWORM larval damage expected to increase in Maryland. Larvae heavy on
sorghum and moderate on peanuts in Oklahoma. GREENBUG damaged sorghum in
Nebraska, increase expected in western and southern Kansas. Heavy on sorghum

in Oklahoma, some heavy populations in Texas Panhandle. Controls applied in
Colorado. Building up in Pima County, Arizona. POTATO LEAFHOPPER heavy on alfalfa
in Virginia and Maryland, building up in Vermont, some yellowing of alfalfa in
Wisconsin. (pp. 561-562).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER potential high for heavy second generation in Minnesota and
for damage in Illinois, FALL ARMYWORM troublesome on sorghum in Texas, Oklahoma,
and Missouri, and corn in Maryland. (p. 563).

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER heavy in peanuts in Texas. (p. 566).

DOUGLAS FIR TUSSOCK MOTH damaging conifers in Washington. JACK PINE SAWFLY
damaged pines in Michigan. (pp. 568-569).

Economic levels of GRASSHOPPERS continue on grasslands in several States. Total
of 718,550 acres of rangeland treated in Idaho, (pp. 570-571).

GYPSY MOTH males trapped in Ohio, North Carolina, and Alabama are considered as
regulatory incidences at this time. (p. 571).
Detection

New State records include a LONGHORNED BEETLE from Virginia (p. 567) and a
SAWFLY from Alabama (p. 569).

For new county and island records see page 567.

Special Reports
State Survey Coordinators. (pp. 574-576).

Cooperative Survey Entomotogists. (pp. 577-578).

Reports in this issue are for week ending July 30 unless otherwise indicated,

- 559 -

- 560 -

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional Significance.............- sere cere ee reecrencceces 561
Insects Affecting
Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane’... .2 4... - 563 Beans) tand!SPeaSe mire « siecle cus «0s enerenane 567
Smal (Grains jive cet eclsreierscersuerecr oe 564 General Vegetables cc. erclerlsieleke 567
Moragwe, We SUMES a sre) oiersiererete ele cere citeior ue) 565 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts...... 568
SOy. Dean acjove creieie suokekehorekaiele eters ererak Kens 565 CL ELUS 2 ks Sieparal oo slate o) oronere Srebeneene 568
Peanuts cy. eee ele saeiisieks) sisks ouckor heck 566 Ornamentals < .ci<.cielcusteueneieeeisteetene 568
Cotton Nolorel eA Tel oC eh er caver otena oi faheMelietete) ens 566 Forest and Shade Trees......... 568
MODACCOL ac aye erenereiete lel te leachenaiclehersiciorewe ois 566 Mani and! (Aniimail'Sivcvegerevene cucrererenenclone 569
Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers........ 567
Detect Omneys cs «ters a iarerenele © o ekewehere le stele dete solos olays ol ua teneve te (alle fo)e! -Nedalisvouegnte as fae ote we testete one eqs OIG
Beneficial INSeE CUS her ucle « elaiedeteteteresele olsiieatelle oct bi eleyete siete: ={ewokats) «lone Ty OO Oe cee oto
Federal andySitaiter Plant {Protection Programs). xb tevels «mjeste opel ofeue ohese @ fe oie gede elope aay (0)
Hawaiiwinsecit: Reporitpys 6 cicis <teretets «ccs sctemetetene «fas. vcekelle Sakele ts eke kale! fotege lootoiet= |< fore os eee 572
Licht Trap» ColVecitaOnsicie ccc « ceo sie ciel ele) « cilete ols wits faile elle) ole lo1le'lsl!>lo) Rote tske ome Ke! >) efoto tetek Ree < jpn OMS
State) Survey (Coordinators ayerers:c ao sicheuclel «) s)e euclsieteielelieleNs tele sila -t-\tnll elLele) eho koh oelelsiielia = Gucenenene 574
Staite. Survey Entomol opaSitsSi nt, slifercersts skate lonele otole el oeekers & metals yee tovons ofS tekehete oketspeekenenene <OT7

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING AUGUST 2

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data
Service, NOAA,

HIGHLIGHTS: Midsummer heat intensified over the Far West. Over mid-America,
temperatures in the last week of July were more like those expected in early
autumn, Much of the central and eastern portions of the Nation received generous
rains.

PRECIPITATION: A polar air mass spilled into mid-America and spread southward and
eastward. Tropical gulf air continued to flow northward across Dixie and into the
East. Thunderstorms occurred in the warm humid air and along the front that
separated the two air masses. Numerous scattered downpours occurred here and there.
A downpour of 1.56 inches of rain in 36 minutes Monday afternoon at Albuquerque,
New Mexico, caused rock slides and closed roads, Tuesday afternoon, scattered heavy
showers occurred from eastern Nebraska to northeastern Texas and also across the
Southland to Georgia. More thundershowers fell in Kansas, northeastern Texas, and
from Ohio to the lower Mississippi River Valley Wednesday afternoon and evening.
Dodge City, Kansas, registered 1.64 inches of rain the 24-hour period ending at

6 a.m. Thursday. Other stations in the Dodge City vicinity received 3 to more

than 4 inches and a number of stations in northeastern Texas received 1 to 3

inches or more in the same 24-hour period. Totals exceeding 1 inch were recorded

in Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Louisiana. Thursday's rains extended from
the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean. Some totals north of Lufkin, Texas,
measured Friday morning exceeded 3 inches. Southern New Hampshire received 2.50-
inch rains Thursday and early Friday. Weekend rains covered most of the eastern
third of the Nation. The southern Rocky Mountains received light showers Sunday.

TEMPERATURE: Summer heat continued in the Far Southwest. Needles, California,
registered 116° Monday and Tuesday afternoons. Warm summer temperatures also
persisted in the interior portions of Washington and Oregon, where afternoon
temperatures reached the 90's on most days and 100° or higher on 1 or 2 afternoons,
Maximums reached the 90's in New Mexico, Texas, along the gulf coast, and on the
Florida Peninsula. A large dry, cool, air mass pushed into the North Central States
from Canada early in the week. It brought weather more characteristic of

September than July. It dropped nighttime temperatures into the 40's and held
afternoon readings in the 60's. Parts of Montana and North Dakota cooled to the
30's Monday morning. Big Piney, Wyoming, registered 36° Tuesday morning and
Sheridan. Wyoming, recorded 35° Thursday. This is the coldest July temperature of

Weather of the week continued on page 572.

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SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - TEXAS - Larvae of this species and Spodoptera
frugiperda (fall armyworm) found in coastal pastures. S. frugiperda dominant.
(Green). MINNESOTA - Few P. unipuncta larvae feeding on corn in widely scattered
fields in southeast, south-central, and southwest districts. Noneconomic in
corn. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). MICHIGAN - No immediate danger apparent; blacklight
collections at all stations below normal for time of year. (Newman) .

ARMY CUTWORM (Euxoa auxiliaris) - WASHINGTON - Larvae of this species and
Peridroma saucia (varigated Ccutworm) causing extensive and increasing damage to
fruit and foliage of apple and pear in Yakima County. P. saucia infesting old
trees above head level and becoming heavy on young trees at Coniche. (Johnson).

ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - COLORADO - Averaged 16 per 10 sweeps
on untreated potatoes in Greeley area, Weld County. (Alldredge, Hantsbarger) .
WISCONSIN - Counts heavy in field of sweet corn in Outagamie County; ranged
30-40 per 10 sweeps in field of mint in southern Jefferson County. Counts in
carrots at this site variable; up to 2 per sweep. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - CALIFORNIA - Curley top infection of
Sugar beets ranged 20-80 percent. Infection 100 percent in one small field of
table beets, field abandoned. Leafhoppers increasing in thistle stands. In
Solvang area of Santa Barbara County curly top incident 6-10 percent. (Cal.
Coop. Rpt.). COLORADO - Remains light, ranged 0-4 per 10 square feet of row in
western area; incidence of curly top disease very light. (Hantsbarger, Bulla).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - DELAWARE - Light moth increase in blacklight traps
in Sussex County. (LesSiewicz). MARYLAND - Moths averaged 10 per night at Hurlock,
Dorchester County; 5 per night at Snow Hill, Worcester County; and 4 per night

at Centreville, Queen Annes County. Larval damage to sweet corn in Queen Annes
County ranged 1-4 percent; up to 20 percent in most heavily infested fields on
Eastern Shore. Damage levels expected to increase rapidly until end of season,

No damage to snap beans, lima beans, and soybeans reported. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).
VIRGINIA - Ear infestation ranged 16-92 percent in southern Tidewater area. Based
on 15 samples, 45.9 percent of ears in region infested with Second through fifth
instars. Survey included Dinwiddie, Sussex, Southampton, Nansemond, Isle of
Wight, Surry, and Prince George Counties. (Allen). WISCONSIN - Low numbers of
moths appearing in blacklight traps in extreme southern counties. (Wis. Ins.
Sur.). KANSAS - All instars noted, 100 percent of ears infested in field of late-
silking corn in Stafford County. Larvae (all sizes) averaged 2.3 per ear in one
field of late-silking corn in Harvey County. (Bell). ARKANSAS - Few larvae in
some fields in southeast areas. Check soybeans carefully. Larvae appearing in
sorghum heads in several areas of State, especially in areas where sugarlines
show heavy moth flights. Larvae 1-2 per row foot in Lonoke County. Heaviest
infestation ranged 5-10 per row foot in Yell County field. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA -
Heavy in sorghum in Grady and Oklahoma Counties, moderate in peanuts in Bryan
County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Populations in grain sorghum have been heavy.
Moderate to heavy infestations reported in whorls and developing grain in Knox
County. (Boring, Clymer). ARIZONA - Ranged 1-3 per ear of field corn in Cochise
County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). IDAHO - Tassel damage 5 percent in 5 cornfields at
Nampa, Canyon County, July 16. (Homan).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - UTAH - Heavy in field of spring barley
at Benson, Cache County. (Burtenshaw). COLORADO - Generally light on corn in
northeastern areas. Predators active. (Pilcher, Hantsbarger). TEXAS - Decreasing
in most areas. Still heavy in scattered fields of young grain sorghum. (Clymer).
OKLAHOMA - Moderate on grain sorghum in Beaver, Cimarron, Osage, Grady, and
Tillman Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Populations generally decreasing
in sorghum in most areas. Infesting lower leaves of some irrigated sorghum in
northwest and west-central districts. (Bell). WISCONSIN - Infestations light to
heavy in different fields. Present in whorls and ear tips in heavily infested
fields. Counts very heavy on undersides of leaves, light on tassels and in silks

- 562 -

in some early fields in central counties. Lady beetle adults, larvae, and eggs
evident in some heavily infested fields. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MARYLAND - Few heavy
infestations near Romancoke and Old Point areas of Queen Annes County. Ranged
80-100 percent infested in 200 acres. Most fields on Eastern Shore negative.

(U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WEST VIRGINIA - Caused stunting to one field of sweet corn
in Boone County. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - IOWA - Heavy parasitism reported from Adams,
Ida, and Pottawattamie Counties. Late-planted sorghum and sorghum-sudan
critically damaged in Crawford, Page, and Taylor Counties. (Iowa Ins. Sur.).
NEBRASKA - Ranged 500-5,000 per plant on heading milo in eastern areas.
Parasites developing rapidly in heading fields. Many late-planted forage sorghum
fields destroyed. (Roselle). KANSAS - Populations may increase rapidly soon in
western and southern districts, where lady beetles and parasites now light.
Parasitic wasps continue to aid in greenbug control in sorghum in northeast and
east-central districts. Treating of heavily infested late-planted sorghum
reported in Butler County. One field of 4-inch late-planted sorghum in Shawnee
County killed after being treated once. (Bell). OKLAHOMA - Heavy on sorghum in
Perkins area, Payne County. Controls planned. Scattered fields sprayed in
Cimarron County. Light in Beaver and Tillman Counties. COETA. Coop). Sura.

TEXAS - Infestations light to heavy across northern Panhandle. Light, with
localized heavy outbreaks, in Hutchinson, Carson, Castro, Moore, Deaf Smith, and
Parmer Counties. Beneficial insects moderate to heavy; parasitized aphids
increasing. Greenbug generally light in South Plains compared to previous years.
Surveys in South Plains counties show population very spotted; economic in only
few fields in each county. Parasite activity continues to increase, Based upon
trends noted past 3 years, greenbug Should decrease next 10 days. Surveys in 16
panhandle counties indicate infestations lighter than usual by mid-July. Counts
per plant variable; ranged 0-10 in Oldham County to 0-8,000 in Castro County.
Less than 300 per plant on grain sorghum in boot-stage in Coyanosa area of Pecos
County. (Neeb et al.). COLORADO - Controls underway on sorghum in northeastern
areas. (Pilcher, Hantsbarger). ARIZONA - Population buildup starting in Avra
Valley, Pima County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WASHINGTON - This species and
Rhopalosiphum padi in 2 barleyfields near Pullman. All forms except winged

adult greenbug noted. Damage to barley heads severe due to frost, aphids, or
weed killer. (Retan, Johansen).

POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - VIRGINIA - Population heavier than for past
few years in Nansemond County; growers treating. (Smith). MARYLAND - Ranged up

to 50-60 per sweep in alfalfa in Kent County. Averaged 8 per sweep in most fields
throughout Eastern Shore. Heaviest in Frederick, Baltimore, Carroll, and Howard
Counties; 30-50 per sweep with most fields averaging 15 per sweep. Yellowing of
foliage noticeable in heaviest infested alfalfa. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VERMONT -
Building up on legumes, little evidence of yellows in margins of fields.
(Nielsen). WISCONSIN - Some yellowing in scattered alfalfa. Nymphs ranged 10-15
per sweep in such fields; 1-5 per sweep in other fields. (Wis. Ins, Sur.).

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - KANSAS - Ranged 6-20 per 10

sweeps in 2 fields in Barber County, and 50 per 10 sweeps in field in Graham
County. (Bell). INDIANA - Alatae and apterae 20 per sweep in alfalfa field in

Vigo County. Negative in other fields surveyed. (Meyer). WISCONSIN - Some increase
noted, especially in new alfalfa seedings. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

TOBACCO HORNWORM (Manduca sexta) - KENTUCKY - Found 2 larvae in 3-acre tobacco
plot in Scott County. (Barnett).

TOMATO HORNWORM (Manduca quinquemaculata) - OHIO - Averaged 1 per 15 plants in
Muskingum County. (Andress).

- 563 -

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NORTH DAKOTA - First-brood development
ranges from egg to pupae in Cass, Barnes, Ransom, Richland, Sargent, and Dickey
Counties. Most in second and third larval stage. Egg masses ranged up to 64
(averaged 21) per 100 plants. Up to 36 (averaged 11) percent of plants infested
(shotholed). Larvae ranged up to 168 (averaged 23) per 100 plants. (Kaatz).
NEBRASKA - Adult emergence occurring in all areas of State. Egg masses less than
one per 20 plants in eastern counties. First-brood larvae 70 percent pupated, but
some fourth instars still present. (Roselle). MINNESOTA - Second-generation moth
emergence Started, will increase next few weeks. Moth emergence could last into
September. Potential for heavy second generation populations high. (Minn. Pest
Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Second moth flight begun in some advanced areas in southern
section; emergence not readily apparent at blacklight stations due to cool
nights. Moths more numerous in blacklight traps in eastern counties. First-genera-
tion larval damage becoming more apparent in some fields. Larvae in ear tips in
some sweet corn, much stalk breakage in some grain corn. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).
ILLINOIS - Second-generation moths laying eggs, hatch rapid in southern sections.
Moth emergence in central areas well underway, egg laying begun. In northern
section, pupation 52 percent and emergence 24 percent. Peak egg laying will
probably not occur for 7 days in central areas, 10 days in northern areas; could
continue 14 days or more. Cool weather slowed development. Heavier than normal
first-generation populations in southwestern and western areas increased
possibility of corn damage by Second-generation borers. (Sur. Bul.).

INDIANA - Second-generation O. nubilalis moth flights underway throughout State.
Light trap catches week July 19-25: 124 in Tippecanoe County, 99 (sandy area)
and 168 (muck) in Porter County, 99 in Gibson County. These catches associated
with previous heavy second-generation infestations. Most corn in silking stage,
large quantities of pollen present. (Huber). Adults observed in many fields in
west-central and northwest districts, with first-generation larvae and pupae.
(Meyer). MICHIGAN - Moth collections totaled 219 at Monroe County blacklight
Station, peak of 110 on July 23. Second-generation emergence started July 19

in Montcalm County. Growers can expect this second brood to string out with
limited numbers emerging and laying eggs until end of growing season. Higher
percentage of second-brood larvae will bore into cobs and stalks for winter
protection. Growers will also need constant controls on snap beans and peppers.
(Newman). MAINE - Up to 10 percent infestation in some fields of sweet corn.
(Erhardt). OHIO - Second-generation moths first caught in blacklight traps on
July 23. (Rings, Rose). Moth collections at Wooster, Wayne County, not increasing
rapidly. (Rings). DELAWARE - Adults averaged 135 per night in blacklight trap at
Bridgeville, Sussex County. Larvae averaged 4.3 percent in untreated peppers,

no fresh egg masses found at Bridgeville. (Lesiewicz). WEST VIRGINIA - Damage
moderate statewide to early planted field corn, Damage heavy in one field in
Monroe County. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.). VIRGINIA - Less than 15 percent of cornstalks
infested in Nottoway, Dinwiddie, Sussex, Southampton, Nansemond, Isle of Wight,
Surry, and Prince George Counties. (Allen). ALABAMA - Several larvae observed in
cornstalks and ears from Russell County. This is a new county record. (Bice et
leis

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - TEXAS - Continues troublesome on sorghum
in Caldwell, Gonzales, Guadalupe, and Lee Counties. Moderate to heavy feeding in
whorls and developing grain in Knox County. Moderate in whorls, damage light to
moderate on isolated crops in Reeves and Pecos Counties. (Neeb et al.). OKLAHOMA -
Moderate to heavy in sorghum in Grady, Cleveland, Oklahoma, Kay, and Tillman
Counties. Averaged about 1 per plant in sorghum and 3 per plant in corn in
Tipton area, Tillman County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Feeding in whorls of
unheaded late sorghum becoming more general statewide; at noneconomic level.
(Boyer). MISSOURI - Damage to late sorghum observed in southeast area. (Houser).
Observations in late corn and sorghum in southwest area Showed 2-67 percent of
plants infested with early instars. (Munson). MARYLAND - First infestation of
season in 0.25 acre of sweet corn in Wicomico County. Averaged 10 percent damage,
required controls. Damage to late-planted corn expected within 7 days in central
areas. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

re eS — = ee Se _ —— 0

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WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) - NEBRASKA - Adults in central and
southwestern counties. Egg masses on 12 percent of plants in one field at
Imperial. (Roselle). COLORADO - Moth catches declining in northeastern areas.
Many egg masses hatched, some fresh egg masses produced. Some fields averaged
one egg mass (hatched and unhatched) per plant. Control underway. (Hantsbarger,
Pilcher). KANSAS - Egg masses on 5 percent of plants in field of silking corn
in Wichita County. Many eggs hatched, young larvae feeding in tassels. Few egg
masses found in corn in Cheyenne, Rawlins, and Greeley Counties. First instars
feeding on ear shucks in cornfield in Greeley County. (Bell).

CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - WISCONSIN - Adults increasing; up to 5 per
ear in parts of Rock County. Leaf damage apparent where D. vergifera (western
corn rootworm) dominant; mostly this species in Grant, Towa, and Dane Counties.
D. vergifera more prevalent in Rock County than in 1970; noted as far north as
Portage County. No D. longicornis (northern corn rootworm) or D. vergifera

noted in extreme northwestern counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS — Emergence
of D. longicornis and D. vergifera adults very rapid. Adults feeding on silks in
many cornfields in northwestern areas. Control recommended if field less than
50-percent Ssilked and 5 or more adults per plant. (Sur. Bul.). MINNESOTA - D.
vergifera and D. longicornis adults found in heavier numbers throughout southern
counties. Most counts light; usually 1 or 2 per 10 plants. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).
KANSAS - Diabrotica spp. adults generally less than 1 per plant in silking corn
in northwest and west-central districts, up to 5 per plant in corn in east-
central district. (Bell). MISSOURI - Adults in northeast area ranged 20-140 per
100 plants. Heaviest counts averaged 111 D. longicornis and 40 D. vergifera per
100 plants. (Thomas). Counts in Lincoln County showed less than 20 percent of
plants infested with less than 1 adult per plant. Field in Lincoln County showed
100 percent infestation of D. longicornis adults, averaged 7.6 per plant. Field
in Lewis County had 50 percent of plants infested with 2 per plant. (Huggans).
OKLAHOMA - D. virgifera adults ranged 2-8 per plant on corn in Cimarron County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). UTAH - Diabrotica spp. damage severe in corn planting at
Richmond, Cache County. (Roberts, Knowlton). Adults feeding on silks of corn in
infested area of Weber County. (Roberts, Rogers).

CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - MARYLAND - Damage levels continue to
increase in Frederick, Carroll, and Montgomery Counties. Field corn (400 acres)
in Emmitsburg and Braddock Heights area of Frederick County required controls.
Injury statewide remains Subeconomic. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - TEXAS - Increasing in Haskell and Knox
Counties. Very light emergence from grain sorghum head samples. Overall midge
population extremely light. Due to large acreage of late-planted grain sorghum,
midge infestations may still develop in August. Midge emergence observed from
Johnson grass samples collected in Briscoe, Castro, and Parmer Counties.
(Daniels et al.). ILLINOIS - Damage to sorghum reported in southern areas,
(Sur. Bull.)

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - COLORADO - Common in many cornfields
in northeastern areas. Generally light with only bottom leaves infested. Control
underway. (Hantsbarger, Pilcher). TEXAS - Light in grain sorghum in several
counties. Most activity in Bailey and Lamb Counties. Infestations appeared to
decrease during cool, rainy weather past few days. In most instances, infesta-
tions in grain sorghum below damaging levels and did not warrant control. Light
in Pecos and Reeves Counties. Increased on most crops in El Paso County. (Neeb,
Rummel) .

SMALL GRAINS

HESSIAN FLY (Mayetiola destructor) - KANSAS - Wheat loss for 1971 estimated at
3,031,030 bushels; about 4 times that of 1970, Areas with highest losses:
Central, north-central, south-central, west-central, and southwest. Statewide,
samples from resistant varieties averaged 0.6 percent infested clums, samples
from susceptible varieties averaged 8.1 percent. (Bell).

- 565 -

ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - IDAHO - Populations of up to 10 per
wheat head at Coeur d’Alene, Kootenai County, July 9, reduced to 1 per 10-20
heads by lady beetles by July 22. (Stranahan, Portman),

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - WYOMING - Counts per 10 sweeps of alfalfa in
5 Park County fields ranged 0-50 (average 25), 50-80 (average 65), 30-50
(average 40), 140-180 (average 160), and 120-200 (average 160). (Burkhardt).
UTAH - Adults averaged 2 and larvae 1 per 10 sweeps of alfalfa in Logan area of
Cache County. (Knowlton). Caused conspicuous injury in dryer areas of Wasatch
County. (Daniels). WISCONSIN - Counts decreased due to cool temperatures. One
adult and one last instar collected in Pepin County alfalfa for a new county
record. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

SWEETCLOVER WEEVIL (Sitona cylindricollis) - IDAHO - Collected at Sandpoint,
Bonner County, and at Rathdrum, Kootenai County, June 20 and at St. Maries,
Benewah County, and at Avery, Shoshone County, June 22 on white and yellow sweet-
clover, These are new county records. (Portman).

WESTERN YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera praefica) - NEVADA - All instars
averaged 4 per sweep on seedling alfalfa in Fish Lake Valley, Esmeralda County.
(Adams, Nishida). Mostly late instars on 500+ acres in Quinn River Crossing
area, Humboldt County; treatment applied. (Rowe). Treatments applied to
unspecified alfalfa acreage in Diamond Valley, Eureka County. (Sharp). Appearing
in alfalfa at Lovelock, Pershing County. (Stitt).

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - TEXAS - Moderate to heavy damage in
Pecos County alfalfa. (Neeb). WISCONSIN - Second instars to pupae prevalent in
most second-growth alfalfa, ranged 3-6 per sweep over most of State. Many fields
being cut. Adults laying eggs. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

CELERY LOOPER (Anagrapha falcifera) - MICHIGAN - Moths within normal limits.
Light trap collections indicate increasing population from Berrien County north-
ward in counties bordering Lake Michigan. (Newman).

SWEETCLOVER APHID (Therioaphis riehmi) - IDAHO - Colonies found on roadside white
and yellow sweetclover July 22 in Shoshone County. This is a new county record.
(Portman).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - NORTH DAKOTA - Heavy, up to 200 per sweep, on
irrigated second-crop alfalfa in Burleigh County. (Brandvik). UTAH - Ranged
3-35 per 10 sweeps of alfalfa in Logan area of Cache County. (Knowlton).

SOYBEANS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - MARYLAND - Counts (1-3 per row yard)
indicate controls needed in several fields in Wicomico and Worcester Counties.
Adults ranged from less than one to 3 per 10 row feet in most fields in other
Eastern Shore counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - New adults emerged,
counts at low levels in Nansemond County. (Smith). Damage in southern Tidewater
area very light. (Allen).

BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) -— MISSISSIPPI - Moderate to heavy in
Monroe County. Infestation associated with light to moderate infection level of
bean pod mottle disease. (Robinson). KENTUCKY - Adults averaged 20 per 100 sweeps
in Carlisle County. (Barnett).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ALABAMA - Treated 300
acres of soybeans in Crenshaw County. (Smith, Henderson). MISSISSIPPI - Moderate
lodging in one field in Noxubee County. Heavy lodging in 2 Oktibbeha County
fields. (Robinson).

TWOSPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - MISSOURI - Moderate and damaged
soybeans in northeast area. (Thomas).

ew mesGemaneen — — a ——$————K mm. = = wae ————aee

= 566 -

PEANUTS

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - TEXAS - Still increasing in
many areaS aS result of continued dry weather. Infestations of 30-40 percent on
dryland peanuts with heavier counts in sandy fields in Erath County. Percent
infestation ranged 3-18 in irrigated peanuts, 5-30 in dryland peanuts in
Commanche County. Controls applied in most fields. Observed in Frio, Lee, and
Wilson Counties. Infestations ranged 15-40 percent in dryland fields in Fannin
County. (Hoelscher et al.).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA = Mixed populations of this
species and S. Ornithogalli (yellowstriped armyworm) heavy and damaging Caddo
County peanuts. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

REDNECKED PEANUTWORM (Stegasta bosqueella) - FLORIDA - Damaged 15 acres of
peanuts at Williston, Levy County; controls necessary. (Strayer).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties,
surveys indicate increase in weevil damage. Punctured squares averaged 10.4
(maximum 15.2) percent in 4 treated fields and averaged 13.8 (maximum 18.5)
percent in 4 untreated fields. Numerous newly emerged adults noted. (Cowan et
al.). OKLAHOMA - Infestations ranged 10-20 percent in Marshall County and
averaged about 5 percent in Jackson and Harmon Counties. Moderate in Bryan and
Cleveland Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). LOUISIANA - Expect increase in punctured
Square counts. Populations more numerous and in more fields than previous years.
(Tynes et al.). MISSISSIPPI - First-generation weevils appear to be emerging in
some counties. Percent average infestation in Pike County 90 and in Holmes
County 12. (Robinson). ALABAMA - Rains continued in record amounts in south and
central areas. Square infestations ranged 10-80 percent. Growers experiencing
difficulty in staying on scheduled treatments. Damage continues in many small
fields and some larger ones in northern areas. Percent infested squares still
below economic levels in most of larger fields. (McQueen). GEORGIA - Percent
punctured squares per 100 terminals: 0-35 in Randolph County (Womack); 0-40 in
Tift County; 0-35 in Burke County (Cannerday). Weevil infestation increasing

in northern areas. (Womack). SOUTH CAROLINA - In Florence County for period
ending July 21, infestations increased; plan controls. (Taft et al.).

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - SOUTH CAROLINA - In Florence County for period
ending July 21, infestations light in most fields. Moth collections in blacklight
traps totalled 11 H. zea and no H. virescens. (Taft et al.). GEORGIA - Eggs
ranged 0-28 and larvae 0-14 per 100 terminals in Randolph County (Womack); 0-100
eggs and up to 80 larvae in Tift County (Cannerday). ALABAMA - Generally light
except on few isolated farms in south and central areas. (McQueen). MISSISSIPPI -
Egg deposition heavy in several counties throughout delta. (Robinson). TEXAS -

In McLennan and Falls Counties, eggs averaged 27.6 (maximum 55.2) and larvae 1.9
(maximum 2.7) per 100 terminals in 4 treated fields. Eggs averaged 24.7 (42.8)
and larvae 1.9 (2.2) in 4 untreated fields. Injured squares averaged 2.3 percent
in 4 treated fields and 4.1 percent in 4 untreated fields. (Cowan et al.).
ARIZONA - Heliothis spp. and Spodoptera exigua (beet armyworm) building up on
blooms and young bolls in Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

TOBACCO

TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - KENTUCKY - Adults averaged 2-3 per
leaf, caused 3 percent foliage loss at one Scott County location. (Barnett).

=— 567 =

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - MAINE - Populations and
control problems exceed those of 1970 in home gardens, and some sprayed and
unsprayed fields statewide. (Gall). NEW JERSEY - Egg counts very heavy in
Adelphia, Monmouth County, potatoes. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). UTAH - Still problem
in Cache County potatoes. (Burtenshaw).

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OREGON - Heavy larval feeding on lower
leaves in potatofield near Harrisburg, Linn County. Potential for larvae to
damage shallow tubers. (Crowell).

ALFALFA LOOPER (Autographa californica) - WASHINGTON - Larvae of this species and
Ceramica picta (zebra caterpillar) Caused severe damage to several acres and
fields of potatoes near Warden, Quincy, and Royal Slope in Grant County.
(Foeppel).

BEANS AND PEAS

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OREGON - First through last instars
averaging 30 per square yard on bush beans at Junction City, Lane County. One
5-acre field ready-to-harvest, disced under because of excessive damage to pods.
(Crowell, Berry).

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - COLORADO - Larvae increasing in
Weld County and causing damage. Some controls applied. (Rothman).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

EASTERN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE (Reticulitermes flavipes) - KENTUCKY - Damaged root
stock of rhubarb in Jessamine, McCracken, and Fayette Counties. (Barnett).

ASPARAGUS APHID (Brachycolus asparagi) - NEW JERSEY - Winged and wingless forms
noted near Swedesboro, Gloucester County. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.).

DETECTION

New State Records - A LONGHORNED BEETLE (Hesperophanes pubescens) VIRGINIA -
Female collected in light trap at Blacksburg, Montgomery County, July 28, 1970,
by R.H. Perry. Determined by R.H. Perry, confirmed by G.B. Vogt. (Allen). A
SAWFLY (Nematus abbottii) ALABAMA - Lee County. (p. 569).

New County and Island Records - A STAG BEETLE (Dorcus brevis) VIRGINIA - Male
taken from light trap at Holland, Nancemond County, August 17, 1970. Determined
by O.L. Cartwright. (Perry). ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) WISCONSIN - Pepin
(p. 565). ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) MISSOURI - Stone,
Christian, Webster, and Dallas (p. 569). EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis)
ALABAMA - Russell (p. 563). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) MARYLAND - Carroll,
Prince Georges, Frederick, Somerset, and Montgomery (p. 571). HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL
(Apion longirostre) KANSAS - Johnson (p. 568). JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica)
TENNESSEE — Haywood (p. 571). A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyai) PENNSYLVANIA —
Berks (p. 568). A LYGAEID BUG (Neacoryphus bicrucis) HAWAII - Maui (p. 572).
SWEETCLOVER APHID (Therioaphis riehmi) IDAHO - Shoshone (p. 565). SWEETCLOVER
WEEVIL (Sitona cylindricollis) IDAHO - Bonner, Kootenai, Benewah, Shoshone

(p. 565).

- 568 -

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - COLORADO - Collections in attractant traps
show increase past 2 weeks in Mesa County. (Bulla). MICHIGAN - Second-brood moth
emergence building toward peak in southwest counties. Emergence further north
should start soon. Fresh larval entries into fruit observed. Cover sprays
remainder of season should be made on basis egg laying will continue about 2
months, (Thompson).

CUTWORMS - WASHINGTON - Larvae severely damaged pear foliage and 10-25 percent
of fruit in Yakima, Yakima County. Treatment not giving adequate control.
(Jenkins, Hudson).

PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - WASHINGTON - All stages present on pear in Yakima
County. Active stages and adults surviving heat and numerous spray combinations,
(Gregorich) . OREGON - Heavy in Garden Valley area of Douglas County July 12-30.
Many growers neglected control program due to ease of control in past years,
During week ending July 23 population became problem in all orchards where little
difficulty experienced in past. Application of 2 or 3 sprays in 10-day period
necessary to regain control. (Passon).

PEARSLUG (Caliroa cerasi) - UTAH - Damage conspicuous in Salt Lake, Davis, Weber,
and Box Elder County cherry orchards. (Knowlton, Burtenshaw) .

SPIDER MITES - OREGON - Panonychus ulmi (European red mite) building up to very
heavy populations in some orchards and causing considerable defoliation in some
integrated control blocks of pears. (Berry). COLORADO - Tetranychus urticae
(twospotted spider mite) damaged apple and pear in Delta, Montrose, Mesa, and
Garfield Counties. Ranged 20 to 100 per leaf in orchards with heavier populations.
(Bulla). CONNECTICUT - P. ulmi populations reported heavy on unsprayed trees in
New Haven, Foliage bronzed. Also troublesome in Bantam and East Lyme. (Savos).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - TEXAS - Infesting pecans throughout south and
south-central counties. Commercial growers sprayed in Gonzales and Guadalupe
Counties. Heavy on pecan trees in yards in almost every city and town in area.
Light in Crockett County. (Neeb, Cole).

CITRUS

CITRUS FLAT MITE (Brevipalpus lewisi) - ARIZONA - Infestation at treatment level
in 2 groves on Yuma Mesa, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

ORNAMENTALS

NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyaconia frustrana) - KANSAS - Heavy larval infestations
on pines in nursery plantings in Riley and Geary Counties. (Bell).

HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) - KANSAS - Found on hollyhock in a nursery
in Johnson County. This is a new county record. (Bell).

A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyai) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults and nymphs collected on
andromeda (Pieris Sp.) at nursery at Angelica, Berks County, by D. Christie
July 21. This is a new county record. (Simons).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

DOUGLAS FIR TUSSOCK MOTH (Hemerocampa pseudotsugata) - WASHINGTON - Serious on
1,000 acres along south bank of Wenatchee River between Leavenworth and Cashmere
in Chelan County; causing top kill, moving into pines; light on 200-300 acres of
private land at Shriner Beach on Lake Chelan. Moderate on 200 acres northwest of
Riverside on Okanogan River, Okanogan County, and light 10 miles southeast of
Oroville; pupating at latter location. Evaluation surveys to be made in late fall
to determine necessity of control measures. (Pettinger).

= 569 -

SPRUCE BUDWORM (Choristoneura fumiferana) - WASHINGTON - Infestations spotty but
increasing in Okanogan and Chelan Counties. No losses expected. (Pettinger).

JACK PINE SAWFLY (Neodiprion pratti banksianae) - MICHIGAN - Pupae in duff.
About 30,000 acres of jack pine heavily defoliated in Luce and Schoolcraft
Counties. Additional 50,000 to 60,000 acres of mixed stands show much damage.
(Johnson) .

GEOMETRID MOTH (Calocalpe undulata) - PENNSYLVANIA - Larvae very heavy on black
cherry trees, about 50-100 percent foliage loss in Route 31 area from Bakerville,
Somerset County, to 5 miles into Westmoreland County. (Keeler). Infested wild
cherry trees in Somerset County; some defoliation; adults appearing. (Mallis).

WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) - WEST VIRGINIA - Larvae causing heavy
defoliation of hickory in Wood County. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae and adults on scattered
elm trees in Chinese Camp, Tuolumne County. Occurrence erratic this season,
probably due to cool wet spring. Damage appearing at many locations statewide.
(Cal. Coop. Rpt.). UTAH - Severe on elms in many parts of Cache, Emery, Salt
Lake, and Weber Counties. Control necessary in many areas. (Knowlton). TEXAS -
Second generation in Denton, Dallas, Ft. Worth areas. Damage heavy to Chinese
elm trees in Midland and Pecos Counties. (Neeb, Turney). MISSISSIPPI - Light to
heavy damage to elms in Washington, Leflore, Tunica, and Lowndes Counties.
(Robinson) .

ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) - WEST VIRGINIA - Damage moderate
to sapling oaks in 120-acre tract in Wetzel County. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).
MISSOURI - Adults common at lights throughout southern areas of State. Adults
collected in Stone, Christian, Webster, and Dallas Counties. These are new
county records. (Munson).

A SAWFLY (Nematus abbottii) - ALABAMA - Larvae feeding on black locust at Auburn,
Lee County, March.22, 1971. Collected by H.F. McQueen. Determined by D.R. Smith.
This is a new State record. (McQueen).

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 5 cases reported in U.S. July
25-31 as follows: TEXAS: Maverick 1, Bowie 1; ARKANSAS: Little River 3. (Anim.
Health Div.).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - UTAH - Numerous and annoying to horses at Snowville,
Box Elder County. (Hanson, Knowlton). IOWA - Ranged 5-15 (average 10.1) per face
in Dallas County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). WISCONSIN - Light to moderate annoyance to
cattle reported from all areas. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MARYLAND - Ranged 2-100 per
head in Frederick, Howard, Baltimore, Carroll, and Montgomery Counties. Most
herds averaged 20 per head. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). MISSISSIPPI - Up to 25 per face
on treated cow herd in Monroe County. (Robinson).

MOSQUITOES - FLORIDA - Aedes spp. and Psorophora spp. moderate to heavy in
western Duval County. Aedes taeniorhynchus moderate and required special control
measures in Boca Chica and Key West area of Monroe County. (Mulrennen et al.).
KENTUCKY - Mosquitoes a problem in McCracken County. (Barnett). WISCONSIN -
Populations remain variable; heavy in most counties with some wetlands, only
trace in some upland areas. A. vexans, A. cinereus, and A. stimulans principal
biters. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA = Total of 16,000+ females taken in 16 light
traps week ending July 23. A. vexans 87 percent, Coqullettidia perturbans 4.7
percent. Collections declined Since due in part to cool nighttime temperatures.
A. vexans in 37 percent of larval collections, Culex tarsalis in 12 percent, and
A. triseriatus in 2.4 percent. In evening bite collections, 352 of 414 adults
taken A. vexans. A. vexans also taken in daytime bite collections. (Minn. Pest
Rpt.) =),

= 57 0F—

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - MARYLAND - Counts continue well below normal in
all central counties. Most herds clean with heaviest counts ranging 5-10 per
head. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WISCONSIN - Moderate annoyance to cattle reported in
most counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). IOWA - Ranged 10-300 (average 106) per side in
Dallas County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). KANSAS - Averaged about 200 per head on small
herd of pastured dairy cattle in Geary County. (Bell). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 1,000
per head on cattle in Payne County. Heavy in Osage and Cotton Counties, moderate
in Bryan, Cleveland, Hughes, and Beaver Counties, and light in Cimarron County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Averaged 50 per 300 head of cattle in Monroe
County. (Robinson).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - IOWA - Ranged 4-20 (average 7) per leg on
untreated cow herd on pasture in Dallas County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). WISCONSIN -
Severe annoyance to cattle reported at locations in Calumet, Columbia, Sauk,
and Juneau Counties. Counts light to medium elsewhere, depending on control
efforts. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MARYLAND - Adults ranged 5-100 (average 8) per head
in Frederick, Harford, Baltimore, and Howard Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

TABANID FLIES - WISCONSIN - Deer flies very heavy near river bottoms and marshes
in parts of Columbia, Iron, and Buffalo Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). OKLAHOMA -
Tabanus spp. very heavy along creeks and in wooded areas in Cotton County.
Moderate on cattle in Hughes County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Numerous specimens in home
at Bremen, Cullman County. Controls applied. (Boswell).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

A LADY BEETLE (Stethorus picipes) - WASHINGTON - Eggs and adults present and
increasing on apples in Yakima Valley. Feeding on Tetranychus mcdanieli
(McDaniel spider mite) at Wapato, Yakima County. All stages noted on 120 acres
of Delicious apples in Yakima County where eliminated heavy mite population

and now attacking aphids. S. picipes apparently compatible with predaceous mite
Metaseiulus occidentalis. (Gregorich et al.).

SYRPHID FLIES - WASHINGTON - Becoming particularly abundant due to relatively
high aphid populations on small grains, peas, alfalfa, shrubs, and shade trees,
Most abundant species Scaeva pyrastri, Syrphus opinator, and Eupeodes volucris
in Whitman County. (Telford).

A DAMSEL BUG (Nabis alternatus) - WASHINGTON - Adults and nymphs 2 per sweep in
alfalfa seed fields following selective spray program, 0.1-1l per sweep in other
seed fields in Lowden and Tochet area, Walla Walla County. (Johansen).

EUROPEAN MANTID (Mantis religiosa) - INDIANA - In 1969, specimen submitted from
Elkhart County which represented valid collection record. In 1970, specimens
taken in Elkhart, Allen, and Tippecanoe Counties. Appears that species now spread
(or been introduced) and become successfully established in northern third of
State. (Chandler).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus) - MICHIGAN - Adults up to 3 per 100 sweeps
of quackgrass in commercial Christmas-tree plantations July 22-23 in southwest
Kalkaska County. (Hanna).

GRASSHOPPERS - WASHINGTON - Several reports of present or potential damage.
Grasshoppers ranged 12-15 per square yard east of Pasco, Franklin County.
Damaging in Burbank area, Walla Walla County. Ranged 3-5 per square yard on
farmland in Ice Harbor Dam area of Franklin and Walla Walla Counties; averaged

8 per square yard on wildlands near Kohlotus. Also reported in Benton County.
(Retan et al.). NEVADA - Mostly Melanoplus sanguinipes, with some Oedaleonotus
enigma, infesting 6,500 acres of crested wheatgrass in Paradise Hill and Paradise

- 571 -

Valley areas of Humboldt County; ranged 12-14 per square yard. Treatments to be
applied. (Wilson). Grasshoppers ranged 35-50 per square yard on 2,000+ acres of
crested wheatgrass at Elko, Elko County. (Martinelli, Peters). IDAHO - Total of
718,550 acres of rangeland treated to date, reevaluation of additional acerage
to be treated underway. (PPD). UTAH - Ranged 1-10 per square yard (5 percent
adults) on North Logan area range near cropland in Cache County; adults mostly

M. sanguinipes. (Knowlton). Unspecified nymphs 3-15 per square yard in many
pastures in Logan area. Melanoplus spp. 40-60 per square yard in alfalfa field

at Logan. (Knowlton). Grasshoppers becoming numerous about many farms, pastures,
and home gardens in Cache County. (Knowlton, Burtenshaw). COLORADO - Nymphs
economic in Baca, Bent, Fremont, Las Animas, Otero, Prowers, and Pueblo Counties;
an estimated 143,300 acres infested. Ranged 15-100 per square yard on rangeland
in Bent, Las Animas, Otero, and Pueblo Counties. (Watson). NEBRASKA - Melanopus
spp. ranged 6-20 per square yard in field margins in Lancaster County. (Roselle).
SOUTH DAKOTA - Grasshoppers economic in localized areas of Davison, Jerauld,

and Sanborn Counties. Some roadsides with 15-25 adults per square yard. M.
bivittatus dominant. Damage economic in some Davison County corn. (Burge,
Fransen). NORTH DAKOTA - Economic infestations in northwestern Richland and
northeastern Ransom Counties. Ranged 15-20 per square yard, margin counts up to
40 per square yard. Ranged 3-5 per square yard on sandhills rangeland area in
north-central district, averaged less than 1 per square yard in all other areas.
M. bivittatus, M. sanguinipes, and M. femurrubrum dominant. (Grasser) . MINNESOTA -
Grasshoppers averaged 30+ per square yard in few alfalfa fields in eastern Otter
Tail County. Population 50 percent each M. Sanguinipes and M. femurrubrum.
Occasionally ranged 10-20 per square yard along roadsides and ditch banks in
Redwood County. Averaged 5 per square yard at scattered roadside locations in
western Marshall County. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - MICHIGAN - On July 23 first check of 25 traps
at Duck Lake, Calhoun County, negative. Natural lure (disparlure) used. This
area was core of 1966 infestation. (Moore). OHIO - Male taken in trap at Harrison
Lake State Park, Fulton County, July 29, 1971, by R. Wallis. MARYLAND - Adults
trapped in Carroll, Prince Georges, Frederick, Somerset, and Montgomery Counties
during July 1971: These are new county records. NORTH CAROLINA - Male taken in
trap at rest area on Interstate Highway 95 in Robeson County, July 20, 1971, by
W.A. Hayes. Additional males trapped in Dare (July 30) and McDowell (July 29)
Counties. ALABAMA - Male taken in trap at Ponderosa Trailer Court in Phonix City,
Russell County, July 21, 1971, by R. High. Specimens from North Carolina and
Alabama determined by V.H. Owens, confirmed by E.L. Todd. Specimens from Ohio
and Maryland determined by E.L. Todd. Until further survey and scouting are
completed to verify the nature of the situation, these will be considered as
regulatory incidences. (PPD).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - OHIO - Adults feeding on silks and tassels
of 0.25 acre field of sweet corn in Muskingum County. Silks on about 10 percent
of plants completely eaten. (Andress). TENNESSEE - Adult taken in trap in Haywood
County by J. Dorden July 16, 1971. Determined by V.H. Owens, confirmed by R.D.
Gordon. This is a new county record. (PPD).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - ARIZONA - Infested bolls ranged 2-20
percent. Untreated fields in upper Yuma Valley reached average boll infestation
of 15 percent in Yuma County. Survey in Cochise County negative. Population
building up in Pima County, but not sufficiently heavy to require treatment.
Third generation underway. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CALIFORNIA - Sterile moths
released during period July 30 to August 4 totalled 1,236,000; total to date
52,322,000 at Bakersfield, Kern County. (PPD).

WESTERN CHERRY FRUIT FLY (Rhagoletis indifferens) - CALIFORNIA - No larvae found
in fruit samples processed from Humboldt and Siskiyou Counties. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

WESTERN GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - CALIFORNIA - Survey out-
side core area of infestation at Klamath River, Siskiyou County, negative.
Bacillus thuringiensis gave excellent control in known infested spots in county.

- 572 -

Podisus maculiventris (spined soldier bug) reared and released in area for
bio-control of larvae. Survey for H. brillians negative at Sacramento, Sacramento
County, and at Clovis, Fresno County. (CallmmiCoope Rpt:

WOOLLY WHITEFLY (Aleurothrixus floccosus) - CALIFORNIA - Parasite releases total
4,764 on 22 sites in San Diego, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Turf and Pasture - Adults of a SKIPPER (Hylephila phylaeus) heavy in Bermuda grass
Tawns at Hawaii Kai, Oahu; as many as 50 in single lawn. Several adults taken at

Kaneohe (windward Oahu) in this same host situation; all other infestations to
date recorded from leeward areas. (Funasaki et al.).

General Vegetables - TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) adults 4-8 per leaf
in small backyard planting of eggplant at Ewa, Oahu. (Au). SOUTHERN GREEN STINK
BUG (Nezara viridula) nymphs and adults moderate in small backyard planting of
yard long and snap beans at Waihee, Maui. Eggs of Trichopoda pennipes (a tachina
fly) on about 50 percent of adult hosts. (Miyahira).

Fruits and Nuts - A SWALLOWTAIL BUTTERFLY (Papilio xuthus) light to moderate at
large in various areas on Oahu including Waialua, Ewa, Waianae, and Aina Haina.
Larvae light on citrus trees in these areas; damage sporadic and light. (Au et
al.). COCONUT LEAF ROLLER (Hedylepta blackburni) damage moderate to coconut
fronds on 50+ trees at Ala Moana Beach Park; about 30-50 percent of leaflets
skeletonized. (Kawamura) .

Ornamentals - Nymphs and adults of a MEMBRACID (Antianthe expansa) infesting 2
bushes of night cestrum (Cestrum nocturnum) at Waipahu, Oahu. This is first host
relationship record for this new pest. C. nocturnum is ornamental shrub, although
fruit and sap said to be poisonous; used medicinally in tropical America to treat
epilepsy. (Wong et al.). Single larva of a NOCTUID MOTH (Callopistria sp.) infest-
ing fern at Waimanalo, Oahu. First reported in February 1971; previously reported
only from Diamond Head and Kahala area, Kaimuki, and Aina Haina. Confirmed to
genus only by E.L, Todd and A.H, Hayes. (Beardsley, Kawamura). All stages of a
CONIFER APHID (Pineus pini) light on 4 Pinus sp. saplings and heavy on one bonsai
Pinus sp. at Olinda, Maui; causing dieback of terminals. Extensive surveys
conducted on Oahu revealed widespread infestations in several residential
districts. (Miyahira, Kashiwai).

Miscellaneous - A LYGAEID BUG (Neacoryphus bicrucis) adult taken off single Pinus
Sp. at Kahului, Maui, for a new island record. Previously reported only from islands
of Oahu, Molokai, and Lanai. (Miyahira).

Weather of the week continued from page 560.

record for Sheridan. Temperatures in the 40's were common Thursday morning from
Montana to the Great Lakes. The Dakotas to Missouri cooled to the 30's and 40's
Friday afternoon. Some of these recorded colder temperatures than had ever
occurred in any July: Huron, South Dakota, 37°; in Nebraska, Valentine 38°, Grand
Island 42°, Norfolk 42°, Omaha 45°, Lincoln 46°; in Iowa, Burlington 46°, Des
Moines 47°; Kansas City, Missouri, 52°. The temperature at Agate, Nebraska, dropped
to 29°, the coldest July temperature of record for Nebraska. Afternoons were cool,
too. Maximums over the northern Great Plains Thursday were mostly in the 60's

and low 70's. St. Cloud, Minnesota, warmed only to 58° Thursday. The weekend
brought a warming trend to the central and eastern sections of the Nation and
temperatures started their return to normal. In Sharp contrast to the cool autumn
weather that spread over mid-America, July heat intensified in the West. Many
stations from Washington and Idaho to California and Arizona saw 100° at least
once over the weekend. One of the hottest temperatures that has come to our atten-
tion was 121° at Furnace Creek, California, Saturday afternoon. Most places west
of the Rockies averaged warmer than normal. Much of the Great Basin averaged 3°

or more above normal. Above normal average temperatures also occurred in New
England and in portions of the Atlantic coast. A large area from the Dakotas to
the Great Lakes southward to northern Texas averaged 9°-14° cooler than normal.

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Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii -

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

STATE SURVEY COORDINATORS

Dr. F. S. Arant, Head, Department of Zoology-Entomology, Auburn
University, Auburn 36830

Dr. Richard H. Washburn, Entomology Department, Agricultural
Experiment Station, Palmer 99645

Dr. J. N. Roney, Extension Entomologist, University of Arizona,
P.O. Box 751, Phoenix 85001

Dr. F. D. Miner, Head, Department of Entomology, University of
Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701

Mr. R. W. Harper, Chief, Laboratory Services Unit, Division of
Plant Industry, California Department of Agriculture,
Sacramento 95814

Dr. W. D. Fronk, Head, Department of Entomology, Colorado State
University, Fort Collins 80521

Mr. George W. Schuessler, Deputy State Entomologist,
Agricultural Experiment Station, Box 1106, New Haven 06504

Dr. Dale F. Bray, Head, Department of Entomology and Applied
Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark 19711

Mr. H. L. Jones, Director, Division of Plant Industry, Florida
Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 1269, Gainesville 32601

Mr. Carl M. Scott, Jr., Director, Division of Entomology,
Georgia Department of Agriculture, 19 Hunter Street, Atlanta
30334

Mr. C. J. Davis, Chief, Entomology Branch, Hawaii State
Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 5425, Honolulu 96814

Dr. A, R. Gittins, Head, Department of Entomology, University
of Idaho, Moscow 83843

Dr. H. B. Petty, Jr., Extension Entomologist, Illinois
Agricultural Extension Service, 280 Natural Resources
Building, Urbana 61801

Dr. John V. Osmun, Head, Department of Entomology, Purdue
University, Lafayette 47907

Dr. Oscar E. Tauber, Acting Survey Coordinator, Chairman,
Department of Zoology and Entomology, 253 Science Building,
Iowa State University, Ames 50010

Dr. Herbert Knutson, Head, Department of Entomology, Waters
Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66502

Dr. Wesley W. Gregory, Department of Entomology, University of
Kentucky, Lexington 40506

Dr. L. D. Newsom, Head, Department of Entomology, Louisiana
State University, Baton Rouge 70803

Dr. G. W. Simpson, Head, Department of Entomology, University
of Maine, Orono 04473

- 574 -

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

- 575 -

Dr. W. C. Harding, Jr., Extension Entomologist, Department of
Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park 20742

Dr. Gary L. Jensen, Assistant Professor of Entomology,
Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts,
Amherst 01002

Dr. Gordon E. Guyer, Head, Department of Entomology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing 48823

Mr. Clare D. Floyd, Director, Division of Plant Industry,
Minnesota Department of Agriculture, State Office Building,
St. Paul 55101

Dr. F. G. Maxwell, Head, Department of Entomology, Mississippi
State University, State College 39762

Dr. W. S. Craig, Extension Entomologist, Department of
Entomology, 1-87 Agriculture Building, University of Missouri,
Columbia 65201

Mr. Ellsworth B. Hastings, State Entomologist, Department of
Zoology and Entomology, Montana State University, Bozeman
59715

Dr. Elvis A. Dickason, Head, Department of Entomology,
University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68503

Mr. Lee M. Burge, Executive Director, Division of Plant Industry,
Nevada Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 1209, Reno 89504

Dr. R. L. Blickle, Entomology Department, University of
New Hampshire, Durham 03824

Dr. Billy R. Wilson, Chairman, Department of Entomology and
Economic Zoology, College of Agriculture and Environmental
Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick 08093

Dr. G..L. Nielsen, Chief, Division of Plant Industry, State
Department of Agriculture, New Mexico State University,
University Park Box 3189, Las Cruces 88001

Dr. A. A, Muka, Extention Entomologist, Department of Entomology
and Limnology, College of Agriculture, Cornell University,
Ithaca 14850

Dr. Gerald T. Weekman, Extension Entomologist, North Carolina
State University, P.O. Box 5215, State College Station,
Raleigh 27607

Mr. Wayne J. Colberg, Extension Entomologist, North Dakota State
University, Fargo 58102

Dr. Roy W. Rings, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development
Center, Wooster 44691

Dr. D. C. Peters, Head, Department of Entomology, Oklahoma
State University, Stillwater 74074

Mr. William Kosesan, Assistant Chief, Plant Division, Oregon
State Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Building, 635
Capital, N.E., Salem 97301

Pennsylvania

Puerto Rico

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

- 576 -

Dr. Ke Chung Kim, Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania
State University, 208 Patterson Building, University Park 16802

Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Puerto Rico,
Rio Piedras 00928

Dr. Gordon Field, Chairman, Department of Plant Pathology
and Entomology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston 02881

Mr. W. C. Nettles, Leader, Extension Entomology and Plant
Disease Work, Clemson University, Clemson 29631

Dr. R. J. Walstrom, Head, Department of Entomology and Zoology,
South Dakota State University, Brookings 57006

Mr. H. L. Bruer, Director, Division of Plant Industry, State
Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 40627, Nashville 37204

Dr. P. L. Adkisson, Head, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M
University, College Station 77843

Mr. R. S. Roberts, Extension Entomologist, Utah State
University, Logan 84321

Mr. John W. Scott, Director, Division of Plant Pest Control,
Vermont Department of Agriculture, Montpelier 05602

Dr. J. M. Grayson, Head, Department of Entomology, Virginia
Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg 24061

Dr. Robert F. Harwood, Chairman, Department of Entomology,
Washington State University, Pullman 99163

Mr. Albert E. Cole, Director, Plant Pest Control Division,
West Virginia Department of Agriculture, Charleston 25305

Mr. Philip W. Smith, WDA-Plant Industry Division, 801 West
Badger Road, Madison 53713

Dr. C. C. Burkhardt, Professor of Entomology, Department of
Entomology, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82070

Revised August 6, 1971

U.S. Dept Agr.
Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt.
21(32) :574-576, 1971

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado
Delaware

Florida

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

= Bh =

COOPERATIVE SURVEY ENTOMOLOGISTS

Mr. H. Frank McQueen, Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
University, Auburn 36830

Mr. Judson May, State Capitol Annex, P.O. Box 6189, Phoenix
85005

Mr. W. P. Boyer, Department of Entomology, University of
Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701

Mr. Ronald M. Hawthorne, California Department of Agriculture,
1220 N Street, Sacramento 95814

Modified Agreement
Modified Agreement

Mr. Frank W. Mead, Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department
of Agriculture, P.O. Box 1269, Gainesville 32601

Mr. Kenneth F. Kawamura, Hawaii State Department of Agriculture,
P.O. Box 5425, Honolulu 96814

Modified Agreement

Mr. Tim A. Cooley, Illinois Natural History Survey, 280 Natural
Resources Building, Urbana 61801

Mr. Robert W. Meyer, Department of Entomology, Purude University,
Lafayette 47907

Modified Agreement

Dr K. O. Bell, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University,
Ma thattan 66502

Mr. Douglas E. Barnett, Department of Entomology, University of
Kentucky, Lexington 40506

Mr. Arthur Gall, Department of Entomology, University of Maine,
Orono 04473

Mr. John L. Hellman, Department of Entomology, University of
Maryland, College Park 20742

Modified Agreement

Dr. Richard Sauer, Department of Entomology, Michigan State
University, East Lansing 48823

Mr. Robert Flaskerd, Division of Plant Industry, Minnesota
Department of Agriculture, 670 State Office Building,

St. Paul 55101

Mr. James V. Robinson, P.O. Drawer EM, State College 39762

Dr. Ralph E. Munson, Department of Entomology, 1-87 Agricul-
ture Building, University of Missouri, Columbia 65201

Modified Agreement

Nebraska

Nevada
New Hampshire
New Mexico

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

= 548 =

Mr. David L. Keith, Extension-Survey Entomologist, Plant
Industry 201-A, East Campus, University of Nebraska, Lincoln
68503

Modified Agreement

Modified Agreement

Modified Agreement

Mr. Thomas N. Hunt, Survey Entomologist, North Carolina State
University, P.O. Box 5215, State College Station, Raleigh
27607

Mr. William J. Brandvik, Associate State Entomologist, Office
of State Entomologist, North Dakota State University, Fargo
58102

Modified Agreement

Mr. Don C, Arnold, Department of Entomology, Oklahoma State
University, Stillwater 74074

Mr. Richard L. Penrose, Plant Division, Oregon State Department
of Agriculture, Agriculture Building, Salem 97310

Dr. Ke Chung Kim, Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania
State University, 208 Patterson Building, University Park 16802

Modified Agreement

Mr. V. H. McCaskill, Plant Pest Regulatory Service, Clemson
University, Clemson 29631

Dr. Philip A. Jones, Entomology-Zoology Department, South Dakota
State University, Brookings 57006

Mr. Chester D. Gordon, Division of Plant Industries, Department
of Agriculture, P.O. Box 40627, Nashville 37204

Mr. Lambert R. Green, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M
University, College Station 77843

Modified Agreement

Mr. William Allen, Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic
Institute, Blacksburg 24061

Modified Agreement

Mr. J. D. Hacker, Plant Pest Control Division, West Virginia
Department of Agriculture, Charleston 25305

Mr. Marlin S. Conrad, WDA-Plant Industry Division, 801 West
Badger Road, Madison 53713

Modified Agreement

Revised August 6, 1971

Us. Dept. Agri:
Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt.
Z2ZUNG2) sott—onS) Loge

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Say Re wee

0904 USENLINATA122 03001 0001
US ENTOMOLOGY LIBRARY DEPT
ENTOM NATIONAL MUSEUM
WASHINGTON DC 20560

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VOL. 21 No. 33 August 13, 1971
56 |

C23

— Coo perative

ECONOMIC INSECT
REPORT

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‘ei , Vie

aS [ AUG 1 6 16
Ns LigRrarte2

RS Desued by
PLANT PROTECTION) DIVISION
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

i

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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information Supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 August 13, 1971 Number 33
COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

CORN LEAF APHID heavy on corn in Wisconsin and small grains in Wyoming and Utah.
GREENBUG heavy on sorghum in South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, and increasing in
southwest and west-central Oklahoma. (pp. 581-582).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER moth catches increased in Nebraska and Kansas. Potential
for heavy second generation remains in Minnesota and some areas in Illinois.
FALL ARMYWORM troublesome on corn and sorghum in several States. CORN ROOTWORM
adults increasing and larval damage severe in Wisconsin. WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM
damage heavy in Utah and larvae damaged corn in Wyoming. (pp. 583-584).

BOLL WEEVIL heavy on cotton in south and central Alabama. Controls needed in
most west Tennessee fields. BOLLWORMS increasing in Arizona, Arkansas, and west
Tennessee. Moth catches heavy in Texas and increased in South Carolina. (p. 587).
WESTERN YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM economic on lentils and peas in Idaho. (p. 588).

CONIFER SAWFLIES heavy on pines in Oklahoma; defoliated pines in Florida; and
increasing in California. (p. 590).

Treatment of about 12,000,000 aggregated acres expected to be completed in Texas
and Louisiana for vectors of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis as of August
13. Total of 1,100,000 horses vaccinated in the quarantined States. (p. 591).

GRASSHOPPERS remain heavy in several States. Controls applied to 58,000 acres in
Idaho and 73,355 acres in Oklahoma (pp. 592-593).

Detection

A REDUVIID BUG and an OEDEMERID reported from Hawaii. These are new Western
Hemisphere records. (p. 594).

For new county and island records see page 593.

Special Reports

Distribution of Tobacco Flea Beetle. Map. (p. 596).

Reports in this issue are for week ending August 6 unless otherwise indicated.

= Ye) —

= 9380) —

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional Siomii' fi Cancel te cteietelcieiololoielelebeistaldiateloleicl'e leleloleKcleleleleleleletere or
Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........083 Miscellaneous Field Crops.......588
Small) (Grains stele stele clelelel hele) eielelcrsiazstelf DOO Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.....588
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland..........585 Beans and’ PeaS....ccecccccccece e008
Forage L€gumeS.....cccccecccescces c000 General Vegetables..............088
SOy beans eevee cree oe alelehevele ee cfs) cleleleoielere OOO Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.......989
PE ANUS -fele siteelelie/el ellelelelel clelolelelelaleleleieveishn DOO GultIUSle ei'ate tate selec lo\s\ele ole) ekohe/oleioleNarofetel AOU
Cotton cicwiiseteetovelele cielereioiers os olalelersiele OOO Forest and Shade Trees..........090
MODAC CORs sieletetelclele clots) cleleioloteley slolehelate ret too e Mans and) Andmads).;., «\<cjelese/<\ale) ellelo eloii ork
Sugar BeGtSiis\ciccclsie ojcleleis sels creleloielela OO, Households and Structures.......991

Bene Li cial. UNSe CES re.c cverorecosave-c1e Sic elaleile evaralaieie elle wlelellehe \e veitelisloiferre\(e\\eiieloFolle,aifeloNe/ onsite ete lalotomeEenet Ona:
Federal and State Plant Protection ProgramS...essccccccsccccccvvcccccceccseveas Ie
Det eC ELON iialclote clcks. salokaVala: avellataile aiatelle leyolatelievel ouehallel stole stele leliaieiene tele olloxellokslia\si/a) NetonehaheustelaRenomeme has
Hawaii Insect Repowiticlciebale delelcievelele (cleo ctelelonelelere) dieloksleketehatel eles ahaleliaiaye} aie iehelol \oliescheleletsi= tence
Light Trap COUMe SEPONS We <.ckicveveletavelelc cole .clletehellevoks ioholsbanelchs ofsxcyoyeyel's) cieuene: eokstekekeKolakatedetaieE-r tl
Distribution of Tobacco Flea Beetles) Mapiere.cieierersycishe etaiesoveiels\cXarele alojolalelovele)epalexatatele-hboA0

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING AUGUST 9

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data
Service, NOAA.

HIGHLIGHTS: Summer heat continued over the West as autumn chill came to the North-
east. Rain Showers fell over the eastern half of the Nation. They were especially
heavy in southern Texas.

PRECIPITATION: Showers and thunderstorms occurred from southern New England to
the lower Rio Grande Valley along the front marking the leading edge of a large
high, which pushed from south central Canada into the United States. Especially
heavy Showers occurred in Southern Texas. From midnight Sunday to noon Monday
8.75 inches of rain fell at Laredo, Texas. Laredo's total for the 48-hour period
ending Tuesday morning was 10.22 inches. This iS more rain than has fallen at
Laredo in their previous wettest month. Camp Bullis near San Antonio received
13.10 inches of rain in the 48-hour period ending Tuesday morning. The weather
system moved slowly and much of the eastern half of the Nation received generous
rains in the first half of the week. From 6 to 12.50 inches of rain in eastern
and northeastern Baltimore, Maryland,caused 16 deaths and millions of dollars
property damage. As the weekend approached, the front became quasi-stationary from
northern Texas to the Carolinas. The showers diminished or stopped except across
the Southland south of the front. Light sprinkles dotted the central Rocky Moun-
tains and the central Great Plains. No rain or only light widely scattered sprin-
kles fell over the Dakotas, Minnesota, and nearby portions of the neighboring
States.

TEMPERATURE: A large high moved slowly from Canada to the upper Mississippi River
Valley early in the week. It brought autumn chill to the North Central and North-
east. Maximum temperatures in the 70'S were common from the Red River of the

North to New England. By Thursday, the cool air had spread southward to Kentucky
and Virginia, and temperatures over much of the Northeast resembled those expect-—
ed in mid-September. At Huntington, West Virginia, the thermometer reached only

to 70° Thursday afternoon. Early morning temperatures in the North Central and
Northeast were generally in the 40's and 50's. Summer heat continued over the
West. Maximums climbed to 100° to 110° in the southwestern deserts almost every
day, and from 100° to 105° for several consecutive days at Havre, Montana. Early
morning temperatures across the South ranged from the 80's in the Southwest to the
70's over the South Central and Southeast. As the weekend approached, a large high

For continuation of weather of the week and for 30-day forecast, see page 593.

— OH

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - NEW YORK - Recovered 5 moths in Minetto black-
light trap July 26-30 in Oswego County. Armyworm and cutworm infestations did

not develop as expected except in poorly controlled weedy no-till cornfields.
(N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). NEBRASKA - Infestations on corn reported in York, Seward,

and Platte Counties. Some controls applied; most infestations light. Three
Seward County fields averaged about 20 percent infested with 1-2 larvae per
plant. Presence of armyworm associated with growth of grasses in and around
irrigation ditches. (Keith et al.).

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - COLORADO - Ranged 10-25 per 100 sweeps
of sugar beets in Otero County. (Schweissing). CALIFORNIA - Population checks

of Russian thistle stands on west side of Imperial Valley indicate popula-

tion uniform through Coalinga, Fresno County, to Kern and Kings County line.
Ratio of adults to nymphs indicates adult die-off and hatch of second summer
generation. Curly-top surveys in Glenn, Butte, and Colusa Counties indicate some
heavy damage. Highest damage percentages near Chico, Butte County, and near
Hamilton City in Glenn County. Curly-top infection averaged 5 percent in Butte
County and 16 percent north of Dayton and south of Chico. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - DELAWARE - Adults averaging 7 per night in black-
light traps in Sussex County. (Lesiewicz). MARYLAND - Moth counts averaged 8 per
night in Dorchester County, and 1-2 per night in Worcester and Queen Annes
Counties. Damage to sweet corn ranged 2-8 percent statewide. All instars present
in infested ears. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Infestation 47.2 percent in
New Kent, Hanover, King and Queen, Middlesex, and Essex Counties. Samples taken
from Lancaster, Northumberland, Westmoreland, and Richmond Counties showed
infestation level of 21.0 percent in field corn. Second through fifth instars
noted, indicating moths will emerge over long period of time. Blooms on soybeans
appearing in these areas; next generation will attack developing beans. (Allen).
KENTUCKY - Larvae damaged corn in Owsley and Lee Counties. Larvae averaged 2 per
10-plant sample in Breathitt County. (Barnett). NEBRASKA - Light in all corn.
Most infestations less than one percent. About 12 percent of ears infested with
third to fifth instars in Seward County field. (Keith et al.). OKLAHOMA -
Averaged 1 larva per head in sorghum in Washita County. Heavy in Cotton County
and moderate in Kay County. Ranged from absent to very light in sorghum heads

in Wagoner and Muskogee Counties. Heavy in corn in Osage County. Averaged 2 per
10 sweeps of alfalfa in Wagoner County. Occasional larva in soybeans in Wagoner
and Muskogee Counties. (Qkla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Found in 12 of 22 fields
surveyed. Heaviest count, 15 per 10 row feet. Most sorghum past susceptible
stage, except for late crop which will not be susceptible until later. (Boyer).
TEXAS - Heaviest infestations observed in Lubbock and Crosby County area.
Infestations noted in preboot sorghum and in grain sorghum heads. Corn earworm
heavy in Jones, Baylor, Hardeman, and Haskell Counties in whorls of grain sorghum.
(Rummel, Boring).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - WISCONSIN - Very heavy on some corn in
nearly every county. Heaviest populations appear to be in central areas and some
controls applied. Disease among aphids becoming evident. Lady beetle larvae
pupae, and adults numerous in fields with heavy aphid populations. Green lacewing
adults and eggs numerous in some fields. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MARYLAND - Generally
light. Infested corn ranged 5-20 percent in Kent, Dorchester, Talbot, and
Caroline Counties. Aphids moving onto tassels in Harford, Baltimore, Howard, and
Frederick Counties. Heaviest infestations ranged 20-40 percent in central areas.
(U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ALABAMA - Light to heavy in all grain sorghum and corn
examined in Greene, Sumter, and Bibb Counties. Occurrance of maize dwarf moasic
and/or corn stunt virus more widespread and damaging in corn in central and
northern areas than previously reported. (Smith et al.). OKLAHOMA - Declining in
sorghum in Texas County as plants mature. Ranged 50-600 per plant. Light on
leaves of nearly mature sorghum in Muskogee County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). WYOMING -
Very heavy in corn near La Grange, Goshen County. Also damaged Sudex near Lusk,
Niobrara County. (Burkhardt). UTAH - Heavy in several fields of spring barley

in Manti and Ephraim area of Sanpete County. (Knowlton, Herring).

- 582 -

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - SOUTH DAKOTA - General and heavy on sorghum in
most areas. ParaSites and predators below effective levels due to cool weather.
S. graminum approaching economic levels in most green sorghum examined near Presho,
Lyman County. Drought retarded growth of sorghum in some fields. (Jones). IOWA -
Specimens on grain sorghum in Osceola County August 4. This is a new county
record. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Declined on grain sorghum in east and south-
east due to parasites and predators. Heavy on grain sorghum near Trenton in
Hitchcock County and on forage sorghum in Knox County. (Campbell, Thomas). Live
aphids ranged 0-10 per leaf and mummies up to 300 per leaf in 3 Otoe County
fields. Live greenbugs averaged about 75 per leaf and mummies about 100 per leaf
in Dodge County field. (Berogan). KANSAS - Economic in sorghum in southwest
district. For first time this season, parasitic wasps important in greenbug
control in Scott, Ness, and Lane Counties (up to 70 percent of greenbugs
parasitized); fields in which greenbugs showed considerable parasitism extended
south into Hamilton, Finney, and Hodgeman Counties. Surveys showed S. graminum
populations continuing to decrease on sorghum in east-central and northeast
districts primarily due to parasitic wasps. Parasitism heavy in one sorghum field
in Butler County (first report from this area). Heavy parasitism also in Osborne
County. (Bell).

OKLAHOMA - S. graminum increasing on sorghum in many southwest and west-central
counties. Ranged up to 250 per leaf. Also on volunteer wheat in some areas.
Decreasing (rapidly in some fields) in Texas County due to parasitism and plant
maturity. Ranged 75-600 per plant with 2-10 percent parasitized in many fields,
up to 60 percent parasitized in one field. Ranged 0-250 per plant in one field
of nearly mature sorghum in Muskogee County. Light in Payne County. (Okla. Coop.
Sur.). TEXAS - Populations in South Plains apparently peaked; decreasing due to
activity of beneficial insects. Greenbug light to moderate on grain sorghum in
El Paso and Hudspeth Counties. Light in Pecos Valley area. (Rummel, Neeb).
COLORADO - Ranged 0-500 per leaf on lower leaves in most sorghum in Arkansas
Valley. Heaviest in Prowers County, late-planted fields severely damaged.
Controls underway. (Schweissing).

HORNWORMS (Manduca spp.) - MARYLAND - Third and fourth instars on Type 32 tobacco
ranged 1-3 per 50 plants in Charles, St. Marys, Calvert, and Prince Georges
Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). TENNESSEE - M. sexta (tobacco hornworm) damage
observed on tobacco in upper eastern area. Daily rains hindered control efforts.
(Gordon).

POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - NEW YORK - Present but below economic levels.
If weather becomes hot and dry after second cutting of alfalfa, fields should

be watched. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., Aug. 2). MARYLAND - Continues moderate to heavy

in 20 percent of alfalfa acreage in Frederick, Carroll, and Baltimore Counties.
Heaviest counts in central area ranged 50-250 per sweep. Heaviest counts in
Eastern Shore alfalfa ranged 50-75 per sweep. Yellowing of foliage found in
several areas throughout State. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WISCONSIN - Populations
building up on potato, bean, and pepper plants, particularly in home gardens,

Not much change in population on alfalfa. Ranged 1-30 per sweep and scattered
fields show evidence of yellowing. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - NEW MEXICO - Scattered infestations
noted in alfalfa near Los Lunas, Valencia County. Adults and nymphs averaged 5-10
per 25 sweeps. (Heninger).

TOBACCO BUDWORM (Heliothis virescens) - TENNESSEE - Light on tobacco in Cocke
County. Some damage expected. (Williams). KENTUCKY - Larvae averaged 10 per 100
tobacco plants at one location in Breathitt County. (Barnett).

= 983 -

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - KANSAS - Blacklight trap catches
indicate heavy flight of first-generation moths in Republic County, still
increasing. In Brown County, flight appears to be decreasing. (Bell). NEBRASKA -
Sharp increases in moth flights at Plymouth light trap; 1,016 caught night of
August 2. Egg laying underway but no first instars to date. (Berogan). Moth
emergence estimated at 30-50 percent in southeast and east districts. (Keith).
MINNESOTA - Second-generation moth emergence increased but no egg masses found.
Cool weather, especially cold nights, greatly reduced or stopped moth activity.
If weather remains cool, second generation may not be problem. Most larvae not
pupated; potential for heavy second-generation populations remains. (Minn. Pest
Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Moth catches in blacklight traps increased at many sites on
July 31 and August 1. Cool temperatures depressed larval and pupal development
and reduced moth activity at night; moths observed flying in cornfields at midday.
Very few egg masses found in corn. Larval development and degree of infestation
continue quite variable among different areas of State. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). IOWA -
Adult emergence 100 percent as of August 5. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). ILLINOIS - Very
little egg laying in south-central and western areas, although moth emergence
almost complete. Based on first-generation populations these areas potentially
most likely to have heavy second generation. Moth emergence in northern area 40
percent. Field observations indicate egg laying will be spread over period of 2-
3 weeks. (Sur. Bul.). MICHIGAN - Peak collection from Monroe County blacklight
station totaled 249 moths on July 30; 374 moths (143 females, 231 males) collected
nights of July 29-31. Montcalm County station trapped 134 moths week ending
August 1. Sporadic emergence expected throughout August. Activity indicates
increase over second-brood counts of previous seasons. Growers of susceptible
crops must be alert until end of this growing season. (Newman).

OHIO - O. nubilalis infested 28 percent of Ashtabula County field corn; averaged
one larva per plant. Averaged 18 percent infestation in Trumbull County, with 1.5
larvae per plant. In Columbiana County, 20 percent of plants infested with
average of 1.8 larvae per plant. (Andress). VIRGINIA - Generally less than 20
percent of stalks infested in New Kent, King and Queen, Middlesex, Essex, Hanover,
and King William Counties. Infestation ranged 25-50 percent in Richmond, Lancaster,
Northumberland, and Westmoreland Counties. Generally, infestations of less than

50 percent not economic. (Allen). MARYLAND - Moth flights averaged 21 per night

in Queen Annes County, 10 per night in Dorchester County, and less than 1 per
night in Worcester County. Infestations of 60-100 percent can be found in all
counties. Most fields remain light to moderate (10-50 percent). (U. Md., Ent.
Dept.). DELAWARE - Adults averaged 42 per night in blacklight trap at Bridgeville,
Sussex County. Larval infestation 15 percent on untreated pepper fruit. No fresh
egg masses noted on pepper plants as of August 5 at Bridgeville. (Lesiewicz). New
JERSEY - Fresh egg masses observed on sweet corn August 2 in East Brunswick area,
Middlesex County. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - TEXAS - Continues troublesome on grain
sorghum in Jones, Baylor, Hardeman, and Haskell Counties in whorls. Feeding on
young grain sorghum in Gonzales and surrounding counties. In some fields 30-50
percent of foliage consumed. (Boring et al.). OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy on
sorghum in western half of State. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Heavy in whorls of
40-inch late-lanted corn near Chapman, Dickinson County. (Bell). WISCONSIN - Early
instars evident on corn leaves in some Manitowoc County fields. Few adults
collected in blacklight trap at Seymour, Outagamie County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). NEW
JERSEY - Moderate on sweet corn in East Brunswick area, Middlesex County. (Ins.-
Dis. Newsltr.). MARYLAND - Light and spotty on Eastern Shore corn. Heaviest
infestation near Chesterville, Kent County; 2 percent of 100-acre stand damaged.
(U. Md., Ent. Dept.). KENTUCKY - Larvae damaged corn in Hopkins, Henderson, and
Daviess Counties, Averaged one larva per stalk in one field. (Barnett).

TENNESSEE - Observed on small corn in Franklin County; scattered within fields;
second instars feeding in whorls. (Mullett).

— 90845—

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - NEBRASKA - Unusually abundant in field
corn in Seward, York, Polk, and Butler Counties. Light in most fields, but in
others ranged 1-3 per ear on 50-75 percent of plants. Most feeding on silks and
developing grain at ear tips. Ranged third to last instar. (Keith et al.).

WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) - NEBRASKA - Second to fourth instars
light, averaged less than 1 per 20 ears in 2 Hall County fields. No egg masses
observed. (Keith et al.).

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - MISSOURI - Pollinated corn in
northwest area averaged one adult per plant. (Thomas). Adults collected on corn
in Pike County by J.L. Huggans. This is a new county record. (Hanning). UTAH -
Severely injured several hundred acres of field and sweet corn in Cache and Weber
Counties this season. Growers in Richmond area report damage was less severe in
1970, but yields were reduced. Much home garden sweet corn totally lost and field
corn yields only 33-50 percent of normal in severely infested fields in this area
of Cache County. (Knowlton, Roberts). WYOMING - Damage severe to corn roots;
lodged 40-70 (average 50) percent of corn in field near Douglas, Converse County.
Damage noted in 2 fields not previously having infestations in area. Adults
averaged 7-8 per plant. Much damage to corn in La Grange area, Goshen County.
(Burkhardt). MONTANA - Tassel damage noted in field and sweet corn from Columbus
in Stillwater County along Yellowstone River through Yellowstone, Treasure,
Rosebud, Custer, Prairie, Dawson, and Richland Counties. Adults averaged 5 per
plant in Sweet Grass County field. (Pratt).

CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - WISCONSIN - Adults increasing in all corn-
growing areas. Larvae, pupae, and new adults numerous on roots of volunteer corn
in Janesville area August 2. Average of 4 late instars, 6 pupae, and 6 new adults
noted in soil beneath each plant. Up to 14 adults observed on aboveground portions
of volunteer plants. Severe larval damage evident in some untreated fields in
corn for 2-3 years. Report from Iowa County reveals total loss of crop in field
planted to corn for second year, up to 12 adults per leaf noted. D. virgifera
(western corn rootworm) dominant throughout southwest quarter of State and in
scattered localities as far east as Dodge and Fond du Lac Counties. (Wis. Ins.
Sur.). INDIANA - D. longicornis (northern corn rootworm) adults appearing in
light traps in northern and central areas. (Huber). MINNESOTA - Cool weather
slowed Diabrotica spp. emergence and adult activity. Most infested fields in
southeast, south-central, and southwest districts with 2-3 adults per plant.
Counts 10+ per plant in few fields in Olmsted and Mower Counties. (Minn. Pest
Rpt.). KANSAS - D. longicornis and D. virgifera adult averages per corn plant by
county: Leavenworth up to ey Doniphan up to 4, Wyandotte up to 7, Johnson up to
4, Miami up to 2, and Franklin up to 2. In field corn surveyed in west-central
and southwest districts, maximum adult populations (mostly D. virgifera) 2 per
plant (Lane and Wichita Counties). (Bell). oF

CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema pulicaria) - MARYLAND - Infestations continue to
range 40-100 percent on field corn in Frederick, Kent, Talbot, and Carroll
Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

SPIDER MITES - UTAH - Tetranychus urticae (twospotted spider mite) and Oligonychus
pratensis (Banks grass mite) most Serious corn problem in Utah County (Horn),
Emery County (Day), and Sevier County (Ogden). COLORADO - O. pratensis generally
light on corn in Arkansas Valley following control efforts and unseasonable
moisture and temperatures. Some fields south of La Junta and Rocky Ford in Otero
County show moderate to heavy populations and damage. (Schweissing). TEXAS -
Moderate increase of O. pratensis in many fields of grain sorghum in preboot
stage in El Paso and Hudspeth Counties. Light in Pecos and Reeves Counties, many
grain sorghum fields in hard dough stage. Infestations in grain sorghum decreased
during past week due to cool weather and rain. (Neeb, Rummel). KANSAS - Some
cornfields treated for what is probably O. pratensis in western districts as far
ee as Thomas County and insecticides used appear to be giving little control.
Bell).

=) DSOn =

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - OKLAHOMA - Adults light to moderate in
few sorghum fields in Wagoner and Muskogee Counties. Sorghum in this area mostly
in medium to hard dough stage and not susceptible to midge damage. (Okla. Coop.
Sur.). TEXAS - Increased in Rolling Plains area during past few weeks. Grain
sorghum which is blooming or will bloom at later date subject to possible attack.
Scattered reports also from Coastal Bend area on late sorghum. On South Plains,
emergence from grain sorghum heads continues very light. (Rummel et al.).
ARKANSAS - Found in 4 of 22 sorghum fields in bloom. Most past stage for infesta-
tion. Small acreages of late sorghum which will be in bloom next 2 weeks should
be watched closely. Infestations expected to be much heavier on late crop.

(Boyer).

EUROPEAN EARWIG (Forficula auricularia) - UTAH - Counts of 3-9 in silking corn
ears at Cornish and Lewiston, Cache County. (Knowlton, Cazier).

SMALL GRAINS

BARLEY THRIPS (Limothrips denticornis) - NORTH DAKOTA - Economic in few late
seeded fields of barley in Cavalier County. Ranged up to 53 (averaged 33) adult
and young thrips per leaf sheath. Barley in medium dough stage. Premature drying
of flag leaves evident. (Brandvik).

ENGLISH GRAIN APHID (Macrosiphum avenae) - NORTH DAKOTA - This aphid, Rhopalosi-
phum fitchii (apple grain aphid), and/or R. padi widespread in north-central
counties. Ranged up to 30 per head in wheat, barley, and oats. Field averages
ranged 2-8 per head. M. avenae dominant. (Brandvik. Kaatz). WYOMING - Heavy on
malt barley in 30 percent of 120-acre field. Leaves turning yellow. Controls
necessary. (Parshall).

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

BUCK MOTH (Hemileuca maia) - UTAH - Larvae caused heavy damage to snowberry
bushes in mountains of Iron County; 2,000 to 3,000 acres affected. (Sjoblom).

CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus leucopterus) - INDIANA - Adults 40 per 100 sweeps
of alfalfa in field which is about 50 percent grass in west-central district. Non-
economic numbers reported earlier from Ft. Wayne area. (Meyer).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - NEW YORK - Heavy adult aestivation flights
occurred July 20-31. Flight July 23 particularly heavy in Ithaca area. Parasitism
by Tetrastichus incertus (a eulophid wasp) remains light for unknown reason;
Suspect population displacement by Bathyplectes curculionis (an ichneumon). (N.Y.
Wkly. Rpt.). NEW MEXICO - Adults 1-2 and larvae 1-5 per 25 sweeps of alfalfa in
Los Lunas area, Valencia County. (Heninger). WYOMING - Counts decreased, ranged
0-6 per 10 sweeps in few fields in Goshen County. Ranged 4-18 (average 10) per

10 sweeps in 4 Platte County fields. In Park County, ranged 0-8 in one field,
18-40 in another, and 60-82 per 10 sweeps in third field. (Burkhardt).

PEA LEAF WEEVIL (Sitona lineata) - WASHINGTON - New adults collected in alfalfa
seed fields in Adams and Walla Walla Counties; these are new county records.
(Johansen).

WESTERN YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera praefica) - WASHINGTON - Moderate to
spotty severe larval damage on alfalfa in Whitman County. (Harwood). NEVADA -
Counts of 5-6 per sweep of alfalfa at Reno, Washoe County. (Arnett).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - TEXAS - Increasing in south-central area.
Infestations on forage crops and pastures in De Witt, Goliad, Gonzales, and
Guadalupe Counties. In Waller County, building up on pastureland. (Cole, Green).

= 0S65—

LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - NEW MEXICO - Adults and nymphs 10-50+ per 25 sweeps
of alfalfa near Los Lunas, Valencia County. (Heninger). WASHINGTON - L. hesperus
and L. elisus (3+ per sweep) noted July 30 affecting bloom of alfalfa grown for
seed at Toppenish, Yakima County. (Landis). ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa in Yuma County: 320-480 in 2 fields on Yuma Mesa, 250-990 in 2 fields
at Yuma Valley. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WYOMING - Lygus sp. per 10 sweeps ranged
14-40 in Goshen County alfalfa, 22-48 in Platte County, and 0-30 in Park County.
(Burkhardt).

TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - NEW YORK - Nymphs and adults increasing.
Nymphs 1-2 per sweep in alfalfa seed field near Ithaca, Tompkins County, seed
damage evident. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt., Aug. 2). OHIO - Adults averaged 3+ per sweep
in red clover in Ashtabula County. (Andress). OKLAHOMA - Adults averaged 45 per
10 sweeps in field of seed alfalfa in Wagoner County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WYOMING - Heavy in many alfalfa fields,
especially in Park County; ranged 300-800 (average 560) per 10 sweeps to as high
as 640-820 (average 720) per 10 sweeps. Ranged 100-160 (average 128) per 10
sweeps in 2 Goshen County fields, and 140-240 per 10 sweeps in Platte County.
(Parshall).

SOYBEANS

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ALABAMA - Caused much
damage in one soybean field in Geneva County. Some girdling and breaking of
plants observed in all fields examined in Greene, Sumter, and Bibb Counties.
(Reynolds et al.).

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - ALABAMA - Damaged soybeans
in several fields in Geneva County. (Reynolds).

TWOSPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - MARYLAND - Heavy and caused
defoliation in 1 percent of total acreage planted on Eastern Shore. Most fields
continue to be uninfested. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

PEANUTS

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - OKLAHOMA - Moderate in peanuts
in Atoka County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS — Generally, infestations decreased
Significantly in central area. Still moderate in dryland peanuts. Percent infesta-
tion by county: Callahan 11, Erath 21, Brown 28, Eastland 35, Comanche 22,

Hood 8, and Hill 20. (Hoelscher).

GRANULATE CUTWORM (Feltia subterranea) - ALABAMA - Damaged several peanut fields
in Dale County. (Estes).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties,
surveys indicate buildup. Punctured squares averaged 27.8 (maximum 37.7) percent
in 5 fields. Adults numerous in all fields. (Cowan et al.). OKLAHOMA - Punctured
Squares ranged 60-75 percent in several fields in Caddo and Greer Counties.
Ranged 10-25 percent in Marshall County. In Choska area, Wagoner County, no
punctured squares found on plants but last instars (and few pupae) common in
Squares on ground (0-5 per foot of row). (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Infesta-
tions increasing. Of 6,896 fields surveyed, 4,939 infested. Treatments needed in
1,022 fields. (Boyer et al.). LOUISIANA - In Madison Parish, total of 2,643
weevils taken on traps; 1,142 on non-sticky traps and 1,501 on sticky traps as
of July 29. (Cleveland et al.). MISSISSIPPI - Percent average infestation

ranged 6-12 in Monroe, Holmes, Washington, and Rankin Counties. Some fields in
Pike County with 85 percent infestation. (Robinson). In delta counties,
punctured squares averaged 7.4 (maximum 33.5) percent in 10 of 11 fields. In
pheromone-baited wing traps, total to date in Washington County 54, in Bolivar

S BY37/ =

County 1,202. (Pfrimmer et al.). ALABAMA - Anthonomus grandis remains heavy and
general in south and central areas. Controls general and effective; infestation
ranged 15-45 percent. Heavier counts in isolated areas in northern areas. Expect
economic levels in northern areas within 10-15 days in larger fields. (McQueen).
TENNESSEE - Conditions ideal for further increase. Second-generation weevils
appearing. Control in order for most fields throughout regularly infested area.
(Locke). SOUTH CAROLINA - Infestations in Aiken County averaged 8.1 percent;
high count 39 percent in one field. (Evans). Weevils migrating in Marlboro
County. (Smith).

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - ARIZONA - H. zea larvae increasing in 430 fields
checked in Graham County. An estimated 75 percent of fields treated at Marana
and Avra Valley, Pima County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Heliothis spp.
caused extensive damage in Mesilla Valley cotton fields not treated while larvae
small. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties, eggs averaged
16 (maximum 33.4) and larvae 5.7 (maximum 12) per 100 terminals in 5 fields.
Injured squares averaged 2.7 (maximum 3.5) percent and injured bolls averaged 1
(maximum 1.2) percent. Light trap catches remain heavy. Of 73 larvae collected
from cotton and identified,44 or 60 percent H. virescens. (Cowan et al.).
OKLAHOMA - Egg and larval counts ranged 0-8 percent in cotton in Wagoner,
Muskogee, and Sequoyah Counties. Ranged 3-10 percent in Grady County and 10-15
percent in Duke area, Jackson County. Averaged 10 percent in Greer County,
several early fields damaged in Washita County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS -
Increased. Peak moth flights July 6-22 for State. Of 6,896 fields surveyed,
5,199 infested and 1,757 need treatments. (Boyer et al.). LOUISIANA - In Madison
Parish for period ending July 29, damaged squares in 83 of 104 plots. Infesta-
tions ranged 1-9 (averaged 2) percent. Of 198 eggs collected and identified, 165

Heliothis spp., 17 Feltia subterranea (granulate cutworm), and 16 Trichoplusia
ni (cabbage looper). (Cleveland et al.).

MISSISSIPPI - Percent average infestation ranged 1.5-10 in Monroe, Washington,
Holmes, and Rankin Counties. Rains hindered controls in delta counties, watch
cotton. (Robinson). In delta counties, moth catches declined. Very few eggs or
small larvae, most fourth and fifth instars. Injured squares averaged 4.77
(maximum 11.5) percent in 11 fields. (Pfrimmer et al.). TENNESSEE - H. zea
continues to increase in rank cotton over western area. Many fields above control
levels. Some boll injury. (Locke). NORTH CAROLINA - Heliothis spp. egg counts
increased significantly on cotton near Clayton, Johnston County, and at Lewiston,
Bertie County. (Bradley). SOUTH CAROLINA - Not serious to date in Aiken County;
however, light trap catches indicate possible problem. Number of moths collected
more than double catch of previous week. (Evans). Eggs being found in many
Marlboro County fields. Moths flying, larvae appearing in many fields. (Smith).

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - NEW MEXICO - General infestations noted in
Dona Ana County, but in most cases infestations have not warranted chemical
control. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).

COTTON FLEAHOPPER (Pseudatomoscelis seriatus) - OKLAHOMA - Continues to cause much
damage to young cotton in many Southwest and west-central counties. (Okla. Coop.
Sure): .

TOBACCO

ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) - KENTUCKY - Adults ranged 5-10 per
tobacco plant in Breathitt, Perry, Owsley, and Wolfe Counties. (Barnett).

SUGAR BEETS
GARDEN WEBWORM (Loxostege rantalis) - WASHINGTON - Larvae causing “ragging" of

Sugar beet leaves at Toppenish, Yakima County. Not very abundant at present but
large numbers of adults suggest impending problem. (Landis).

- 588 -

MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS

A GALL MIDGE - MINNESOTA - Undetermined species causing much damage to sunflowers
in Red River Valley. Infested area appears to extend from southern edge of
western Polk County, through Norman County, and as far south as U.S. Highway 10
in Clay County. Infestations most severe in southern Norman County. Damage

ranged light to very heavy. In some fields, 75-90 percent of blossoms infested.
When populations heavy, little or no seed formed except for ring of developing
seed around edge of head. Time for control probably past. Sunflowers just
beginning to blossom north of infested area. No infestations found in Marshall,
Pennington, or Kittson Counties. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

. POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OREGON - Buildup in several Washington
County potato plantings. About 300 acres must be treated and additional 200

will probably need treatment. Counts in Cipole and Sherwood areas August 2
indicated up to 10 larvae per square foot in portions of fields showing
extensive defoliation. Larval feeding on exposed tubers also evident. All damage
reported to date restricted to Norgold and Kennebec varieties. Plantings of
Hages, Gems, and Norchips also examined. Survey of major potato-growing areas

in adjacent portions of Clackamas County revealed economic infestation on 18
acres located near Canby; larval counts as high as 20 per square yard. (Albee

et al.).

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - NEW MEXICO - Seriously damaged chile peppers
in Dona Ana County; treatment required. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).

POTATO TUBERWORM (Phthorimaea operculella) - MICHIGAN - Heavy infestation in
small patch of home-grown potatoes next to commercial tomato hothouse complex
in Monroe County. Surveys of commercial potato plantings negative in areas of
Monroe County with past histories of infestation. (Hanna).

TOMATO PINWORM (Keiferia lycopersicella) - MISSISSIPPI - Increased in tomato
fields and greenhouses near Crystal Springs in Copiah County. Caused moderate
to heavy damage to foliage and fruit. Insecticidal control attempted, results
fair. (Robinson).

GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - NEW MEXICO - Light to heavy and damaging
chile peppers in MeSilla Valley, Dona Ana County. Control difficult. (N.M.
Coop. Rpt.).

BEANS AND PEAS

GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - MICHIGAN - Small increase of moth catches
at Montcalm County blacklight station. (Newman).

WESTERN YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera praefica) - IDAHO - Economic and
controls needed throughout Clearwater, Idaho, Nez Perce, Latah,and Lewis
Counties, in lentil and peafields July 26 to August 4. (Portman).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OREGON - Larvae in all table beet fields
in Eugene and Junction City area, Lance County. Foliar damage evident in most
plantings but controls effective. One 50-acre field near Junction City, examined
August 5, showed extensive damage to foliage in 10 rows along one edge of field.
Late instars feeding on exposed portions of beets. Estimated 50 percent of beets
in this peripheral region Showed some feeding damage. (Beglau et al.).

ONION THRIPS (Thrips tabaci) - COLORADO - Up to 75 per plant, some damage in
Onion fields of Arkansas Valley. (Schweissing).

= Bye)

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

APPLE MAGGOT (Rhagoletis pomonella) - MINNESOTA - Flies taken in all locations
where traps placed. Two taken August 2 at New Ulm where none previously reported.
(Minn. Pest Rpt.). MICHIGAN - Emergence increasing; 11 flies recorded August 2 in
emergence cage at Paw Paw, Van Buren County, 27 at another location. Bait-trap
counts ranged 39-46 in Muskegon County blueberry plantation. Peak emergence
expected about mid-August. Threat of fruit damage could last through harvest.
(Thompson). MAINE - Adult emergence decreasing; peak reached week of July 26.
(Gall).

CHERRY FRUIT FLY (Rhagoletis cingulata) - MICHIGAN - Emergence about ended for
season. Last fly trapped in area south of Grand Rapids July 26. Flies range 5-10
per week in baited traps from Hart and Shelby area northward. (Thompson) .

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - WASHINGTON - First second-brood entries in
apple August 3 at Grandview, Yakima County. (Johnson).

PEAR PSYLLA (Psylla pyricola) - MICHIGAN - Inspection of leaf spurs on untreated
trees indicates new generation at Fennville, Allegan County. Counts per 10 spurs
August 4 showed 229 eggs, 206 nymphs, and 43 winged nymphs. Immediate application
of recommended chemicals should effectively manage population. (Thompson).

WALNUT HUSK FLY (Rhagoletis completa) - CALIFORNIA - Adult emergence in lower
Sacramento Valley and upper San Joaquin Valley about double that of previous week;
some growers will treat. Dooryard trees usually treated first time between July 24
and August 8. Emergence normal this season. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). OREGON - First
adults (3) in Multnomah County taken in Frick traps in North Portland area August
4. (Anderson). First adults (3) in Douglas County, trapped in Franquette walnut
orchards at Riddle July 28; total of 108 trapped in area by August 2. Total of 15
adults taken in traps at Dillard August 2. (Passon). First adults from Jackson
County reported at Medford August 3. (Berry).

WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) - TENNESSEE - Defoliated 50 percent of
pecan trees in localized area of Dyer County. (Stafford). Defoliating walnut
trees in many parts of upper eastern area. (Gordon). NORTH CAROLINA - Larvae
reported damaging pecan, hickory, and walnut. Some small trees completely
defoliated. Observations indicate more damage than in 1970. (Green).

PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - OKLAHOMA - Second-generation larvae
caused 10 percent damage in Marshall County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

CITRUS

Insect Situation in Florida - End of July - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta
Oleivora) infested 81 (norm 63) percent of groves; economic in 71 (norm 44
percent. Population above normal and at very high level on leaves and fruit.
Decrease expected after mid-August, will continue in high range. All districts
high. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 66 (norm 63) percent of groves;
economic in 34 (norm 36) percent. Population near normal and at moderate level.
Further decrease to low level will occur in August. Highest districts south, west,
and central. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested 72 (norm 69)
percent of groves; economic in 45 (norm 43) percent. Population near normal but
still in high range. Will decrease rapidly to very low level in August. Highest
districts central, south, and east. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested
72 (norm 76) percent of groves; economic in 14 (norm 26) percent. Below normal
and dropped to moderate level. Little change expected. Highest districts south
and west. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 65 (norm 68) percent of groves;
economic in 5 (norm 6) percent. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 41
(norm 57) percent of groves; economic in 2 (norm 6) percent. YELLOW SCALE
(Aonidiella citrina) infested 35 (norm 63) percent of groves; economic in none
(norm 8) percent. Populations of these scales below normal and in low range.
Further decrease predicted. No severe infestations expected in any district.

- 590 -

BLACK SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 68 (norm 81) percent; economic in 41
(norm 63) percent. Statewide population continued in high range but below normal.
Little change expected. Infestations vary greatly in severity. Some heavy infesta-
tions will occur in all districts but not likely to become important this year.
Highest districts east, south, and central. An ARMORED SCALE (UnaspisS citri)
infested 28 percent of groves; economic in 20 percent. Population greater than

in any prior July. Increase predicted. WHITEFLIES infested 75 percent of groves;
economic in 26 percent. Continued in high range and above normal, Decrease
expected. Highest district east. MEALYBUGS infested 57 percent of groves;
economic in 12 percent. Below normal and low. Decrease predicted. (W.A. Simanton
(Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)).

CALIFORNIA RED SCALE (Aonidiella aurantii) - ARIZONA - Additional reinfestation
found at Tucson, Pima County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

COTTONYCUSHION SCALE (Icerya purchasi) - ARIZONA - New infestation found in lemon
grove at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

CONIFER SAWFLIES (Neodiprion spp.) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy on pine trees in numerous
spots in Pushmataha, Latimer, Le Flore, and Atoka Counties. Apparently second
generation of same species present in area in May and June. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
FLORIDA - Second-generation larvae of N. excitans caused average of 50 percent
defoliation of 8-year-old trees on 450 acres of loblolly pine near Steinhatchee
Springs, Taylor County. (Walker). Larvae cocooned by August 2; one or two
additional generations expected during 1971. (Wilkinson). CALIFORNIA - Thousands
of N. abietis (balsam fir sawfly) infesting white fir reproduction, pole, and
sapling trees in Happy Valley, Pinman Peak, Little Long Valley, Walker Mine,
Bagley Pass, and Crocher Mountain areas of Plumas National Forest. Infestations
increasing in this and more northern areas. (Intorf, USFS).

PINE NEEDLE SCALE (Phenacaspis pinifoliae) - CALIFORNIA - Infesting pine trees
at 4,300-foot elevation in Springville, Tulare County; has been problem in many
scattered areas statewide. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). WEST VIRGINIA - Damage light to
moderate on red pine and Scotch pine; 10 percent of 4-acre block damaged in
Morgan County. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

AN APHID (Eulachnus agilis) - OHIO - Light numbers reported on Scotch pine in
northeast area. Anticipated August peak has not occurred in most plantations.
Necessity for chemical control of fall populations questionable. (Balderston,
Nielsen).

SPRUCE SPIDER MITE (Oligonychus ununguis) - WASHINGTON - Severely damaged Norway
spruce by August 3 at Colfax, Whitman County. (Entenmann, Retan).

ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - OREGON - Larvae completely skeletonized
leaves of all untreated elms along 0.50-mile stretch along Lake Oswego, Clackamas
County. Survey August 4 revealed heavy numbers of pupae in grass clippings and
beneath fallen leaves around bases of infested trees. Numerous pupae seen in moss
growing on tree trunks. First-generation adults emerging, moving up into trees,
(Penrose, Humphrey).

VARIABLE OAKLEAF CATERPILLAR (Heterocampa manteo) - NORTH DAKOTA - Eggs hatching
in Fort Totten area, Benson County. Up to 70 first and second-instar larvae on
basswood leaves; 50+ percent of leaves on some branches skeletonized. Defoliation
occurred in area in 1970. (Brandvik). MARYLAND - Defoliated 10 acres of woodland
near Doncaster, Charles County. Infestations light to heavy over 8-square-mile
area between Doncaster and Riverside on State Highway 224 in Charles County.

(UE RMd)-7 SEnt Dept.)

PACIFIC TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma constrictum) - OREGON - Blacklight trap
catches at Macleay, Marion County, indicate adult flight activity near complete.
(Long, Westcott).

RO Oia

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 9 cases reported in U.S. August
1-7 as follows: TEXAS - Bowie 4, Kinney 1; ARKANSAS - Little Rock 3; ARIZONA -
Cochise 1. (Anim. Health Div.).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - MISSISSIPPI - Ranged up to 25 per face on cows in
Monroe County. (Robinson). KENTUCKY - Heavy (15 or more per head) on livestock in
Russell, Wayne, Clinton, and Franklin Counties. (Barnett). WISCONSIN - Light to
moderate on cattle in most areas. Pinkeye problem in young cattle, apparently
associated with this insect, reported near Verona in Dane County. (Wis. Ins.
Sur.). IOWA - Ranged 5-20 (average 9.9) per face on untreated cow herd on pasture
in Dallas County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Ranged 20-25 per face on Lincoln
County range herds. (Campbell). UTAH - Continued to increase in several Box
Elder, Cache, and Weber County localities; much annoyance to horses and cattle
reported. (Knowlton, Boyer).

HOUSE FLY (Musca domestica) - NEBRASKA - Averaged 25-30 per Scudder grid in
feedlots examined near North Platte, Lincoln County. (Campbell).

MOSQUITOES - OHIO - Females averaged 38.4 per trap per night in 5 traps operated
nights of July 26 and 27 in Franklin County; ranged 15-203 per trap. (Dept.
Health). MINNESOTA - Cool nights restricted movement, resulting in decrease in
trap and evening bite collections. Trap collections for week ending July 31
totaled 6,061 females compared with 16,000+ previous week. Aedes vexans still

81 percent of total. Coquillettidia perturbans, well past peak numbers, comprised
7 percent of specimens. A. vexans dominant in daytime and evening bite collec-
tions. A. fitchii, A. stimulans, and A. excrucians still taken in bite collec-
tions. (Minn. Pest Rpter ARKANSAS - Averaged about 500 per light trap per night
in Lonoke County; about half Psorophora confinnis and remainder Anopheles spp.
(Boyer). °

Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Situation - Federal quarantines had been
invoked in Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Mississippi as
of August 3. In south Texas, confirmed cases of this disease have been reported
in 11 coastal counties. In the quarantined States, a total of 1,100,000 horses
have been vaccinated. In the Cameron County area of Texas, the virus has been
isolated from 12 species of mosquitoes. (Anim. Health Div.). Aerial spray
applications in Texas and Louisiana expected to be completed by August 13, with
over 12,000,000 aggregate acres treated. (PPD).

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - IOWA - Ranged 0-200 (average 43) per side on
untreated cow herd on pasture in Dallas County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA -
Ranged 700-800 per head on cattle along Platte River and in canyon pastures in
Lincoln County. (Campbell). OKLAHOMA - Heavy on cattle in Cotton County, moderate
in Garfield, Osage, and Carter Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Averaged 87
per animal on beef cattle in Mills County during period July 17 to August 3.
Populations increasing after recent rains. (Morrison, Smith). UTAH - Numerous on
unsprayed cattle in Box Elder, Davis, and Weber Counties. (Knowlton, Boyer).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - IOWA - Ranged 1-6 (average 3.1) per leg on
untreated cow herd on pasture in Dallas County. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA -
Ranged 25-30 per leg of cattle in feedlots examined near North Platte, Lincoln
County. (Campbell).

HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES
OLDHOUSE BORER (Hylotrupes bajulus) - TENNESSEE - Specimen collected from stacked

lumber in Sevier County. Controls applied. This is a new county record. (Williams,
July 30).

- 592.

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

A BRACONID (Lysiphlebus testaceipes) - OKLAHOMA - Increasing rapidly on sorghum
infested by Schizaphis graminum (greenbug) in Texas County; parasitism 2-10 per-
cent in many fields, up to 60 percent in one field. L. testaceipes parasitized 10
percent of aphid (probably Aphis illinoisensis (grapevine aoniay) infesting grape-
vines in Mayes County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

LADY BEETLES - OKLAHOMA - Hippodamia convergens (convergent lady beetle) common
in aphid-infested sorghum in Texas County. Averaged 1 or more egg masses per
plant in most fields. Adults of H. convergens and Coleomagilla maculata moderate
in most soybean fields in Wagoner and Muskogee Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

MELYRID BEETLES (Collops spp.) - ARIZONA - Adults averaged 100 per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa at Casa Grande, Pinal County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

CATTLE TICKS (Boophilus spp.) - TEXAS - Total of 100 B. annulatus (cattle tick)
and B. microplus (southern cattle tick) males, females, and nymphs identified
from bovine and equine hosts in Cameron and Webb Counties during period July 1-18.
(Anim. Health Div.).

GRASSHOPPERS - IDAHO - Three thin flights of Melanoplus sanguinipes observed
moving to higher elevation in Lewiston area of Nez Perce County. About 58,000
acres sprayed in Magic Valley area. (Portman). NEVADA - Oedaleonotus enigma
ranged 15-20 per square yard on 1,000 acres of rangeland in Horse Creek area near
Orovada, Humboldt County. M. bivittatus and M. sanguinipes ranged 8-12 per square
yard on 250 acres of alfalfa near Battle Mountain, Lander County. (Rowe). UTAH -
Unspecified adults and nymphs moving from foothills and other range lands into
crops and home gardens along "Wasatch front" in Box Elder, Cache, Davis, Weber,
and Salt Lake Counties. (Knowlton et al.). Heavy population damaged alfalfa field
at Logan, Cache County. Adults, mostly M. sanguinipes, ranged 20-50 per square
yard in margins of alfalfa at Richmond. (Knowlton). Camnula pellucida threatening
crops in Manti and Ephraim area and unspecified species moving from range into
crops in Wales area of Sanpete County. Damaged 0.50 acre of raspberries at Ephraim,
(Herring). NEW MEXICO - Grasshoppers ranged 5-15 per 25 sweeps in Valencia County
alfalfa. (Heninger).

OKLAHOMA - By mid-July, grasshoppers 90 percent adults in most areas, some egg
deposition underway. In panhandle counties, many third and fourth instars still
present week of July 19. Parasites and predators, mainly red mites and robber
flies, noted. Cooperative control programs involving 73,355 acres of grassland in
Carter, Jefferson, Love, and Ellis Counties completed in July; results ranged from
90-95 percent kill in short grass to 75-80 percent kill in rough, weedy, heavy
vegetation areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Melanoplus spp. ranged 15-20 per
square yard in roadside ditches in Otoe County. Scattered soybean fields with out-
side 12 rows showing moderate to heavy defoliation. (Berogan).

SOUTH DAKOTA - Grasshoppers damaged crops in western Lawrence and Meade Counties.
Counts per square yard in alfalfa near Piedmont, Meade County, ranged 5-8 in
fields and 8-10 in borders. Population about 50 percent M. bivittatus adults and
50 percent M. femurrubrum nymphs. (Jones). Grasshoppers damaged 200 acres of
wheat and alfalfa west of Spearfish, Lawrence County; ranged 20-30 per square
yard in fields. (Rezek). Up to 40 per square yard in margins in Sanborn County,
30 in Brown County; populations spotty in both counties and light to moderate in
areas. Infestations generally moderate in Spink, Faulk, and Davison Counties,
light in Edmunds, McPherson, and Hanson Counties. M. bivittatus and M. differen-
tials dominant in areas of heavy infestation; M. femurrubrum common where
infestations light. (Fransen). NORTH DAKOTA - Grasshopper adults economic in
southeast Cass and northeast Sargent Counties; light in other parts of Cass and
Sargent Counties and in Dickey, Emmons, and Burleigh Counties. M. bivittatus
dominant in most economic areas. Controls still underway in Cass County to pro-

= 993 -

tect soybeans. (Grasser). MINNESOTA - Grasshoppers again economic in alfalfa in
Otter Tail County. Roadside and field margin counts of 20-26 per square yard
found in Wilkin and Clay Counties. Some movement into sunflowers and soybeans
observed. Sugar beet field east of Moorhead, Clay County, with 20 per square
yard after roadside mowed. M. bivittatus dominant. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - VIRGINIA - Single male moths trapped at Falls
Church High School, Fairfax County; near Copeville, Northampton County; in
Independent City of Chesapeake; on Assateague Island, Accomack County. First
moths trapped at these locations. Determinations by E.L. Todd. (PPD).

IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima richteri) - FLORIDA - Specimens taken
at Fort Meyers, Lee County, by J.H. Brown July 30, 1971. Determined by V.H.
Owens, confirmed by D.R. Smith. This is a new county record, (PPD). ALABAMA -
Infestations increased in Fayette County this season. Several growers applying
controls this period. (Tucker).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - WEST VIRGINIA - Adults causing heavy
defoliation (80-90 percent) of elm, sassafrass, apple, and peach in Hardy,
Hampshire, Berkeley, Morgan, Nicholas, Greenbrier, and Pocahontas Counties.

(W. Va. Ins. Sur.). KENTUCKY - Light on roses at Winchester, Clark County, on
July 15, 1971. Collected by J.M. Henderson. This is a new county record. Single
adults on rose at Versailles, Woodford County; Cynthiana, Harrison County;
Stamping Ground, Scott County; adult taken at Calvert City, Marshall County.
These are first adults taken at these locations. Determinations by R.D. Gordon,
(PPD). TENNESSEE - Caused some damage to tobacco in parts of eastern area where
populations very heavy. (Gordon). Single adult trapped in Pickett County during
July is first specimen collected in this county. (PPD).

RANGE CATERPILLAR (Hemileuca oliviae) - NEW MEXICO - Eggs began hatching about
two weeks ago in Lincoln County. (Watts).

WHITEFRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - TENNESSEE - Heavy populations
observed in Knox County; damaged roses and azaleas. (Williams) .

Weather of the week continued from page 580.

became centered over the Ohio River Valley. Warm air flowed northward back of the
high. The northern Great Plains warmed to the 90's. Williston, North Dakota,
registered 101° Saturday. A warming trend occurred over the Northeast, but not
sufficient to offset the cool weather earlier in the week. Temperatures averaged
warmer than normal west of the Rocky Mountains and over parts of the northern
Great Plains, and below normal over most of the rest of the Nation. Most of the
central and southern Great Plains averaged 6° to 14° cooler than normal.

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK
AUGUST 1971

The National Weather Service's 30-day outlook for August is for temperatures to
average below seasonal normals over the eastern half of the Nation except for
near to above normal in the Northeast and in Florida. Above normal temperatures
are indicated west of the Divide except for near normal along the California
coast. In unspecified areas near normal temperatures are in prospect, Precipita-
tion is expected to exceed normal over the central Plains, the middle Mississippi
Valley, and the south Atlantic Coast States. Subnormal totals are indicated for
the northern Plains, the Northwest and most of California. Elsewhere near normal
totals are expected.

Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook"
published twice a month by the National Weather Service. You can subscribe through
the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C, 20250. Price $5.00 a year.

- 594 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

New Western Hemisphere Records - A REDUVIID BUG (Haematoecha rubescens (Distant) )
collected in rotten branch at Tantalus, Oahu, by L. Mochizuki, November 14, 1970.
Second specimen collected in home by I. Kaiser at Alewa Heights on January 2,
1971. Eight additional specimens collected in building at Honolulu International
Airport by J. Hane, D. Nagatani, and C. Taira during period January 14-21.
Determined by R.C. Froeschner. The genus occurs in China and the islands of
Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu, Japan, where it is apparently a predator of other
insects. (Kawamura). Seven specimens of an OEDEMERID (Ananca kanack (Fairmarie) )
collected at light at Kapoho Beach, Hawaii, by L. Santo April Il, 1971. Specimen
taken from schooner returning from Line Islands in June 1964 was determined an
interception. Current record indicates establishment on Hawaii Island. Determined
by J.W. Beardsley. (Beardsley).

Fruits and Nuts - Adults of a SWALLOWTAIL BUTTERFLY (Papilio xuthus) observed
increaSing in infested areas on Oahu; as many as 15 larvae (various instars) on
3-foot-tall citrus plant at Foster Village; damage light. (Kahale). COCONUT
SCALE (Aspidiotus destructor) moderate in small planting of bananas at Pearl City,
Oahu; about 20 percent of leaves infested. Light to moderate on 50+ coconut trees
at Hawaii Kai, Oahu. Telsimia nitida and Lindorus lophanthae (lady beetles)
generally light amid scale colonies; heavy on Some leaflets with as many as 12
adults and 34 nymphs (T. nitida) per leaflet. (Au, Kashiwai).

Forest and Shade Trees - A CONIFER APHID (Cinara carolina) generally light in
200+ acres of Pinus sp. at Polipoli, Maui. Nymphs and adults ranged up to 100
(averages ranged 1-6) per inch of stem on 3 to 8-foot tall saplings. (Hobdy,
Miyahira). All stages of BARNACLE SCALE (Ceroplastes cirripediformis) moderate
to heavy on 2 of 12 trees at Hawaii Kai, Oahu. AS many as 100+ scales per 2
inches of pencil-sized stems on heavily infested branches. (Kashiwai).

General Pests - Adults of a NARROW WINGED KATYDID (Elimaea punctifera) heavy in
commercial plantings of anthurium and citrus at Pahoa, Hawaii. Feeding and
oviposition damage to anthurium blossoms heavy in Some nurseries; aS many as 60
percent of flowers harvested from unsprayed plantings were unmarketable. (Higaki
etal)

Man and Animals - Trapped 289 VEXANS MOSQUITO (Aedes vexans nocturnus) and 3,809
SOUTHERN HOUSE MOSQUITO (Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus) in 53 light traps during
July on Oahu. Aedes catches per trap ranged 0-170 at Kahaluu. Culex catches per
trap ranged 0-1,583 at Honouliuli. (Mosq. Cont. Br., Dept. of Health).

Beneficial Insects - Adults of a CRYPTOCHETID FLY (Cryptochetum iceryae) emerged
from Icerya purchasi (cottonycushion scale) infesting Erythrina trees at Eleele,
Kauai, for a new island record. Previously reported from islands of Oahu and
Hawaii. (Sugawa).

DETECTION

New Western Hemisphere Records - In HAWAII, a REDUVIID BUG (Haematoecha rubescens
(Distant)) Oahu ISland, an OEDEMERID (Ananca kanack (Fairmarie)) Hawaii ISland.
@p,. 594):

New County and Island Records - A CRYPTOCHETID FLY (Cryptochetum iceryae)

HAWAII — Kauai (p. 594). GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) I[OWA — Osceola (p. 582).
IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saeviSSima richteri) FLORIDA - Lee (p. 593).
JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) KENTUCKY - Clark (p. 593). PEA LEAF WEEVIL
(Sitona lineata) WASHINGTON - Adams, Walla Walla (p. 585). OLDHOUSE BORER
(Hylotrupes bajulus) TENNESSEE - Sevier (p. 591).

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VOL. 21 / No. 34 3 August 20, 1971

‘e Coo pera tive
ECONOMIC INSECT
REPORT.

A rail HSOi; >
W AUG 2.5 1971
' | LiBRARIED
Issued by
PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
" UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
\

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 August 20, 1971 Number 34

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

CORN LEAF APHID heavy on corn in Montana and Wyoming. GREENBUG economic on
sorghum in Kansas. (p. 599).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER second generation heavier than expected in Michigan. Black-
light trap collections heavy in Iowa. (pp. 600, 608).

WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM moth collections heavy in South Dakota. NORTHERN CORN ROOT-
WORM adults increasing in New Jersey and Maryland. WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM adults
damaged corn in South Dakota. BANKS GRASS MITE heavy on corn in Oklahoma.

(p. 601).

COTTON LEAF PERFORATOR increased on cotton in California. Problem on treated
cotton in Arizona. LYGUS BUGS troublesome on cotton in Arizona. (p. 603).

SUNFLOWER MOTH, SUNFLOWER MAGGOT, and a GALL MIDGE damaged sunflowers in North
Dakota. (p. 604).

Total of 813,654 acres treated for GRASSHOPPER in California, Nevada, Washington,
Wyoming, and Idaho. (p. 606). ;
GYPSY MOTH defoliation ranged 60-100 percent in eastern Pennsylvania. (p. 606).

Detection

For new county and parish records see page 608.

Special Reports

Distribution of Tuber Flea Beetle. Map. (p. 610).

Reports in this issue are for week ending August 13 unless otherwise indicated.

OO

=" 598i —

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional Significance... .ccccccccccccccecccccccvcccesce es e099

Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane..........600 Beans) ang) #PEas| stele eee eo clele (ese) e OOF
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland.........602 Generale WVeEretabless. .i<\« sjelsicl cielele O04:
Hovrage LEGUMES.) cicie cickc’ae cheveheicicle/ ellen OU Deciduous Fruits and Nuts......605
SOVDEANSic o slele loferelelc oleic cleloiclcl eleteveteretere OO MALS MUG Syeie efeleielelatelojeiolelelololohens QO
COGCON er eteicieiclercloteleieicicicioleteleiersleletelorens OO OrnamenGalishie ctelelelslcleleleleielcreichelelers| OO
TRODACCO sighs c) ckekoleholotes ohaletelstclefel ol efofelelerate OU Forest and Shade Trees.........605
Miscellaneous Field Crops.........604 Man\sanadl PAmamanliSry sree clelelercieicker cian OOo

Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.......604

Federal and State Plant Protection Programs........ clo) elelsllelele eleielcleleleletalalelevaleloleten-OUI
Hawalae InSeeiGoRe POL Uisisrclcleletel clelelcteletele EDO OOOO OCODOR OGD OO OOS eleielele lee) eletels clelel cleleteletereanOtrcy
DEGecittonlpeterarevelicichaieieleiel sieve) clelovenslehehchokexekedekets) clicl cis) sehevelelercielckelel ejicletelalel choke sieht slctelelel leietemaCiCLes
Light ‘Traip (Col@ecttaionsi. .\.. «crete Mekelclidiehelalichelelovchelerarelcrsialeretehene] sielotele ere el srotolerenelsietotenat GUL
Distribution of Tuber Flea Beetle. Map......... Ghsfelel(e! clele ele) selec lelel © oleh el ole) ofl aioherenenetOoECL

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING AUGUST 16

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data
Service, NOAA,

HIGHLIGHTS: Summer heat continued in the Far West. The Central and East averaged
cooler than normal. Strong winds and damaging hail occurred in several North
Central States. Heavy rains caused flash floods in parts of Texas.

PRECIPITATION: Thunderstorms accompanied by strong winds occurred in the

northern Great Plains late Monday afternoon. At Jamestown, North Dakota, the

winds gusted to 86 m.p.h. Hail and 56 m.p.h. gusts occurred at Fargo, North
Dakota. Severe weather moved to Wisconsin and Michigan Tuesday. A thunderstorm

at Oshkosh, Wisconsin, produced winds gusting to 95 m.p.h. and at La Crosse winds,
gusted to 71 m.p.h. and hail 0.75 inch in diameter fell. Strong winds and hail
occurred in Several States, Iowa, Illinois, Michigan, and Ohio, late afternoon

and early Tuesday evening. Strong winds damaged trees and power lines. At Camp
Grayling, Michigan, a storm flattened 150 tents causing numerous personal
injuries. Showers Tuesday and Tuesday night covered much of the Corn Belt from
eastern Iowa to western Pennsylvania. Wednesday's rains covered most of the States
from New England to Texas. Heaviest showers occurred in Texas where up to 8 inches
fell in Hondo and Seco Creek watersheds west of San Antonio and up to 5.25 inches
fell in the upper Guadalupe Basin northwest of San Antonio. Widespread flooding
occurred Thursday in parts of Alaska. Palmer, Alaska, was isolated by high water,
and roads and highways between Anchorage and Fairbanks became closed by floods

or washouts. Weekend rains were the heaviest in northern Texas, where amounts
ranged from light sprinkles to over 6 inches. Light showers also fell in the
southern Rockies from Nebraska and Missouri, to Great Lakes and over the Florida
Peninsula.

TEMPERATURE: Hot sunny weather prevailed over most of the Nation early in the
week. Temperatures climbed to 100+° at many western stations. Death Valley,
California, warmed to 121° Monday afternoon. Red Bluff, California, recorded
118° Tuesday afternoon. This is highest temperature of record for Red Bluff.
Hartford, Connecticut, registered 95° Monday. Northern Minnesota was one of the
cooler places. Highest temperature at International Falls, Minnesota, Tuesday

For continuation of weather of the week and for 30-day forecast, see page 607.

Swe) =

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - MICHIGAN - Small colony of fourth instar
larvae feeding on quackgrass in cornfield in Oceana County. Some feeding on
lower corn leaves. Many larvae parasitized and no controls needed. (Stebbins,
Cress). NEBRASKA - Scattered heavy infestations in corn in Phelps, Gosper, and
Hall Counties. One 20-acre field in Philps County completely destroyed.
(Cooksley, Miller). OKLAHOMA - Larvae damaged corn in Cimarron County. Controls
planned. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - CALIFORNIA - Surveys of sugar beet and
beans from Patterson south to Gustine, Stanislaus County, showed curly top damage
ranging from 5 to a high of 30 percent. Susceptible crops in Woodland, Davis, and
Natomas areas of Sacramento Valley show very little damage. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - DELAWARE - Moths averaged 2-3 per night per light
trap in Sussex County. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). MARYLAND - Moths averaged 17 per
night in blacklight trap at Hurlock, Dorchester County. Infestations increasing
on corn ears in all areas. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). TENNESSEE - Larvae damaged
whorls of late corn and ears of corn in milk and dough stages. Damage light to
heavy depending on location. Controls difficult due to rain and muddy fields.
(Gordon). FLORIDA - Adults numerous among flowers and foliage of soybeans in
fields west of Gainesville, Alachua County. (Whitcomb). OKLAHOMA - Moderate on
sorghum in Kay and Kingfisher Counties and in peanuts in Atoka County. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Larvae 0-2 per ear in corn checked in Chaves County.
(Mathews). ARIZONA - Larvae averaged 2 per ear of corn at Kirkland Junction,
Yavapai County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - MONTANA - Heavy on corn in Glendive area
of Dawson County; populations lighter in areas of Sidney, Richland County and
Miles City, Custer County. (Pratt). WYOMING - Heavy on irrigated corn near Lusk,
Niobrara County. (Parshall). NEW MEXICO - Scattered light to heavy populations
on whorls of grain sorghum and corn in Chaves County-.. (Mathews). OKLAHOMA -
Moderate on younger sorghum in Kay, Garfield, and Blaine Counties. (Okla. Coop.
Sur.). WISCONSIN - Very numerous in most fields but decrease evident in southern
counties. Unspecified species of lady beetle larvae and adults continue numerous,
and lacewing adults and larvae increasing in cornfields with heavy aphid popula-
tions; syrphid fly larvae numerous in some fields. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MARYLAND -
Population levels light on corn in Frederick and Montgomery Counties. (U. Md.,
Ent. Dept.).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - WISCONSIN - Counts of 20 per 50 sweeps in late
sorghum in Rock County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). KANSAS - Economic on sorghum in Thomas
County; averaged 2,500 per plant in one field. Undetermined parasitic wasp
activity heavy in some fields as far south as Stevens County and abundant through-
out northwest district. Parasitic wasps may give sufficient control of greenbug

on sorghum throughout western districts soon. Greenbug parasitism 80-100 percent
in some northwest district fields. (Bell). OKLAHOMA - Light to moderate in Texas
and Cimarron Counties; numbers continue to decline. Few fields sprayed. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Populations declining in many fields in High Plains.
Beneficial insects very active in untreated fields with high rate of parasitism.
Very light greenbug populations in Hockley, Cochran, Bailey, Parmer, Deaf Smith,
Randall, Swisher, Hale, and Lubbock Counties. Averaged 5-12 per plant in untreated
fields in these counties. Light, averaged less than 4 small colonies per leaf in
most fields in El Paso, Pecos, and Reeves Counties. Light, less than 50 aphids

per plant in Martin and Midland Counties. (Rummel et al.). NEW MEXICO - Scattered
light to moderate infestations on sorghum foliage in Roswell area, Chaves County
and Mesilla Valley, Dona Ana County. (Mathews, Clayshulte). COLORADO - Light to
heavy in Baca and Kiowa Counties; controls applied. (Hogan).

HORNWORMS (Manduca spp.) - DELAWARE - Adults averaged 5 per night in blacklight
trap at Bridgeville, Sussex County. Averaged 2 eggs per plant in pepper plots in
area. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). TENNESSEE - M. sexta (tobacco hornworm) and M.

= 600 -

quinquemaculata (tomato hornworm) continue to cause moderate damage in most areas.
Controls delayed due to continuous rain. (Gordon).

POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - WISCONSIN - No noticeable increase of nymphs
and adults in alfalfa, Some individual fields contain heavy numbers. Counts more
constant in soybeans, average of about 1 per sweep in southern counties. (Wis.
Ins. Sur.). MARYLAND - Moderate to heavy (5-47 per sweep) on alfalfa in southern
Frederick County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

TOMATO HORNWORM (Manduca quinquemaculata) - NEW MEXICO - Variable in home gardens
and commercial tomato fields in Bernalillo County. Light to extensive foliage
damage. (Heninger). MARYLAND - Below economic levels in most tobacco. (U. Md.,
Ent. Dept.).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - KANSAS - Most second-generation larvae
on corn surveyed in Brown and Doniphan Counties in first to third instars and had
not bored into stalks. Most eggs hatched. Larvae primarily feeding on leaves near
collar and behind leaf sheaths. In 4 Brown County fields, 30-60 percent of plants
infested and larvae averaged 0.2-2.1 per plant. Larvae up to 5 per plant in
Leavenworth and Anderson Counties. (Bell). NEBRASKA - Averaged 284 tunnels, 70
larvae, 90 pupae,and 7 egg masses per 100 corn plants on August 9 in 10 Dixon
County fields. Adults numerous in roadside ditches and grassy field margins.
Adult emergence estimated at about 15 percent complete on August 9. (Berogan).
Light second brood activity in 6 fields examined in Sarpy County August ll.
Averaged about 1 egg mass per 25 plants. Based on present moth emergence,
estimate most optimum times for control of second-brood borers as August 11-17,
August 13-20, and August 16-23 in southeast, east, and northeast districts
respectively. (Keith). IOWA - Second-brood moth flight peaked at Ames, Story
County, on August 7 and at Kanawha, Handcock County, (60 miles north) on August 8.
(Iowa Ins. Sur.). SOUTH DAKOTA - Larvae damaged corn in eastern Custer County.
Less than 0.5 percent of stalks damaged. This is a new county record. (Jones,
Rieckman). WISCONSIN - Moth flights increased. Heaviest flights occurred on
nights of August 7-9. Egg masses ranged 1-10 per 25 sweet corn plants in Dane

and Columbia Counties, treatment planned. Egg hatch expected by August 13 or 14.
Few first instar larvae of second generation apparent in silks of early corn

near Spring Green in Sauk County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

ILLINOIS - Emergence of second-brood O. nubilalis moths near 90+ percent in
northern section. Based on first-generation ,expect heavy second generation in
south-central and western areas. Observations indicate egg laying will be spread
over next 2 or 3 weeks in central and northern areas. Egg masses and newly
hatched borers still light in southern areas. (Sur. Bul.). MICHIGAN - Collected
684 moths at Monroe blacklight station, August 3 and 370 on August 4. Second
brood much heavier than anticipated. (Newman). OHIO - Moth flights heavy. On
August 9, collected 92 moths from blacklight trap at Wooster, Wayne County.
(Rings). MAINE - Infestations remain very light and Sporadic in central area
corn. (Gall). NEW JERSEY - Second-generation populations increasing throughout
State. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). DELAWARE - Moths averaged 22 per night in light trap
at Bridgeville, Sussex County. Infestation of untreated peppers localized, ranged
0-21 percent. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). MARYLAND - Moths averaged 14 per night in
blacklight trap at Hurlock, Dorchester County. Several heavy second-generation
infestations on corn in Frederick County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). SOUTH CAROLINA -
Damaged large acreage of corn at dairy in Richland County. Infestation averaged
30 percent. (Nettles). MISSISSIPPI - Infestation moderate in Marshall County.
Second-generation larvae present but some pupating. (Robinson).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - TEXAS - Infestations light to heavy and
scattered throughout most South Plains counties. Larvae averaged 4 per 10 plants
in Lubbock, Hockley, Cochran, and Bailey Counties. Counts lighter in Parmer,
Deaf Smith, Randall, and Hale Counties. Continues to damage grain sorghum by
feeding in whorls in Knox, Baylor, and Fisher Counties. Moderate on sorghum in

= 601) =

Bakersfield area of Pecos County; larval counts of 1-2 per whorl. (Green et al.).
OKLAHOMA - Heavy on sorghum in Oklahoma and Wagoner Counties and moderate in King-
fisher, Grady, Garfield, and Okmulgee Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ILLINOIS -
Continues to feed on late-maturing corn and grain sorghum, particularly in
southern half of State. (Sur. Bul.). MARYLAND - Infestations ranged 8-36 percent
in Frederick County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). TENNESSEE - Moderate to heavy damage

to some late-planted corn in middle and western areas. Feeding in whorls. Control
difficult due to rain and muddy fields. (Gordon).

WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Moth collections
increased in blacklight trap near Oral, Fall River County, compared to 1970.
From July 17 to 23, moth averaged 78 per night. Increase of 10-fold over nightly
collections at same time in 1970. During early July, moth collections built up
from 5 per night to 13 per night. (Calkins). KANSAS - Larvae light in one corn-
field by county: Sheridan, Cheyenne, Wallace, and Greeley. Infestation in
Sheridan County is a new county record. Determined by M. Shuman. (Bell).

SORGHUM WEBWORM (Celama sorghiella) - OKLAHOMA - Moderate on sorghum in Okmulgee
County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Larvae ranged 25-30 per head in grain
sorghum for silage in Noxubee County. (Robinson).

NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) - NEW JERSEY - Adults increasing
on field corn and other hosts throughout central and western parts of State.
(Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.). MARYLAND - Adults increasing on corn silks in Frederick and
Kent Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Adults damaged
silks on late-planted corn in eastern Custer County. Adults 5-7 per plant on corn
following corn and on first-year corn,adults 1-2 per plant. Populations similar
in eastern Fall River on Angostora Irrigation Project. Some controls to be
applied.(Jones, Rieckman). In northern Moody County, adults 8-10 per plant in
some fields. (Fransen, Lathrip). ILLINOIS - Specimens recovered from corn in
Christian County, by W.R. Harryman, July 23 and in Menard County, by E. Rankin,
July 28, 1971. These are new county records. (Ill. Ins. Sur.).

CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - WISCONSIN - Continues to increase; most emerged
in southern counties. Individual fields with 10 adults per ear noted in Rock
County. D. virgifera (western corn rootworm) dominant in Southwestern areas.

(Wis. Ins. Sur.). KANSAS - Adult averages per plant in corn surveyed in counties
indicated (fields per county in parentheses): Doniphan 1.2-4.7 (5); Brown 0.2-2.1
(5); Wyandotte 2 (1); Leavenworth 1-5 (3); Linn 3-11 (2); Franklin 2-4 (4);
Anderson 8-10 (2); Wilson 0.1 (1); Montgomery 0-0.1 (2); Greeley 0-1 (2); Wallace
1 (1); Thomas 0.5-0.8 (2); Sheridan 1 (1); Graham 1 (1); Decatur 2 (1); and
Rawlins 3.3 (1). (Bell).

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - SOUTH CAROLINA - This species
and unspecified wireworms destroyed 50 acres of grain sorghum in Horry County;
fields replanted in grain sorghum, damage again appearing. (Witherspoon).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - MISSOURI - Adults 3-4 per head on small
acreage of grain sorghum in bloom in Pemiscot County. (Craig). MISSISSIPPI - Light
in Clay County. Averaged 2 adults per row foot in 2 fields of grain sorghum in
Jefferson County; 10 per row foot in field of sorghum for silage in Noxubee
County, with adult emergence noted from several heads in this field. (Robinson).

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - TEXAS - Very light observed in High
Plains and Trans-Pecos area. Very light in Swisher and other Panhandle counties.
(Neeb et al.). OKLAHOMA - Heavy and still increasing on corn in Texas County.
Lower 2 leaves show considerable damage in some fields. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
COLORADO - Present in many cornfields statewide but local rains keeping numbers
low in many areas. (Hantsbarger).

= 602 -

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Serious infestation
found in Jasper County in same fields as in 1970. (Tate).

GRASSHOPPERS - KENTUCKY - Adults and nymphs averaged 680 per 100 sweeps in clover
hayfields in Carter County and 960 in Lawrence County. (Barnett).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - ARIZONA - Averages per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa at following: 70, Gila Valley, Yuma County; 35, Yuma Mesa, Yuma County.
20, Chino Valley, Yavapai County. 60, Safford, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - NEVADA - L. hesperus adults ranged 9-16 and nymphs 9-35
per sweep in treated seed alfalfa in Dixie Valley, Churchill County; 3 separate
chemicals applied to different fields, but results negligible. (Stitt). Averaged
2 adults and 1 nymph per sweep on seed alfalfa at Kings River Valley, Humboldt
County. (Martinelli).

DESERT CORN FLEA BEETLE (Chaetocnema ectypa) - ARIZONA - Averaging 200 per 100
sweeps of Sudan grass at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

GRASSHOPPERS (Melanoplus spp.) - MISSOURI - Mixed populations of M. femurrubrum
and M. differentialis in few fields of red clover in Ste. Genevieve County;
ranged 15-20 per Square yard in field margins and 12-15 per square yard in other
areas of field. (Craig).

SOYBEANS

GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - MARYLAND - Caused some defoliation but
below economic levels on Eastern Shore. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Larvae
per 30 row feet by county: Dinwiddie 117.0; Sussex 37.5; Southampton 72.0;
Greenville 75.0. Most larvae first or second instar. Young larvae detected for

some time; apparently early stage mortality heavy. (Allen). KANSAS - Larvae
averaged 3 per 30 row feet in Greenwood County field and 7 in Wilson County
field. (Bell).

VELVETBEAN CATERPILLAR (Anticarsia gemmatalis) - FLORIDA - Larvae light (1 per
row foot) in soybean field at Brooksville, Hernando County; medium (4+ per foot)
in Dade and Pasco Counties. (Whitcomb).

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Small larvae reported from
Summerville, Dorchester County. Problem in area for several years. (Lseman).

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - MARYLAND - Foliage injury ranged
10-20 percent in several areas of Wicomico and Worcester Counties. (U. Md., Ent.
Dept.).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties,
punctured squares averaged 16.2 (maximum 45) percent; averaged 19.7 (maximum
54.7) percent in 26 untreated fields. (Cowan et al.). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 10-25
percent in cotton in Marshall County. Moderate in Bryan County and light to
moderate in Cleveland County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Of 7,296 fields
surveyed; 5,677 infested and 1,651 need controls. (Boyer et al.). LOUISIANA - In
Madison Parish for period ending August 5, recovered 2 weevils from 20 non-sticky
traps and none from 4 sticky traps; total to date 2,643. Punctured squares in all
fields checked. This period no weevils taken on traps. Punctured squares ranged
7-52 (averaged 25.7) percent in 91 plots. Collected 35 H. zea in blacklight trap.
(Cleveland et al.). Punctured square counts continue to increase. Some growers
delayed controls too long, some fields show 75 percent punctured squares. (Tynes

=) 603) =

et al., Aug. 9). MISSISSIPPI - Adult infestations in southern eradication and
buffer area remain heavy. Populations Should soon decline as controls underway.
Infestations ranged 24-87 percent in 9 eradication and buffer counties. In delta
area, weevils becoming more prevalent. Heavier in some fields near woods.
(Robinson). In delta counties, punctured squares in 15 of 18 fields checked.
Average of 7.33 percent punctured with maximum of 53 percent. (Pfrimmer et al.).
TENNESSEE - Conditions ideal for further increases. Damage increasing in regularly
infested areas, most fields at or above control levels. Control applications
difficult due to weather. (Gordon). GEORGIA - Punctured squares during period
ending August 7 ranged 3-28 percent in Randolph County (Womack); ranged less

than 5 percent where good control practices followed in Crisp, Worth, and

Brooks Counties (Hudspeth); and ranged up to 80 percent where controls interrupted
or stopped (Womack). SOUTH CAROLINA - In’Florence County for period ending August
4, populations increasing, no evidence of migration. This period still increasing
and migration underway. (Taft et al.).

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - ARIZONA - Treated field at Yuma Valley, Yuma County.
Fifty percent of cotton at Avra Valley treated for H. zea and Lygus spp. in Pima
County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Averaging about one larva per 50 feet

of row in Chaves County fields checked. (Mathews). Scattered infestations in
Dona Ana County, no definite second-generation cycle noted. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).
OKLAHOMA - Moderate on cotton in Bryan County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - In
McLennan and Falls Counties, eggs averaged 6.4 (maximum 8.5) and larvae 10.2
(maximum 16.1) per 100 terminals in 6 treated fields. Eggs averaged 4.4 (maximum
17.7) and larvae 5.2 (maximum 19) in 26 untreated fields. Of 505 larvae collected
from cotton,116 or 23 percent identified H. virescens. (Cowan et al.).

LOUISIANA - In Madison Parish for period ending August 5, damaged squares in 88
of 91 plots; infestations ranged 1-16 (averaged 3.1) percent. Total of 16 eggs
collected and identified;15 were Heliothis spp. and 1 Trichoplusia ni (cabbage
looper). Collected 73 H. zea and 4 H. virescens in blacklight trap. Currently
damaged squares in 90 of 91 plots examined; infestations ranged 1-9 (averaged
3.9) percent. (Cleveland et al.). ARKANSAS - Of 7,296 fields surveyed; 5,926
infested and 2,303 need controls. (Boyer et al.). —

TENNESSEE - Major increase in number of H. zea adults in blacklight traps noted
in western area. Number of fields above control level also increased. Boll injury
increasing. Weather conditions prevented control applications in most areas.
(Gordon). MISSISSIPPI - Survey of late larvae in Leflore County indicates popula-
tions in some fields average 30 percent H. virescens. This indicates these large
larvae escaped treatment instead of being resistant. Infestations ranged 2-7
percent in 214 fields checked in 6 counties. (Robinson). In delta counties, moth
catch continues low. Eggs and larvae very scarce. Injured squares found in 16 of
18 fields checked. Average of 6.8 percent injured with a maximum of 11.5 percent.
(Pfrimmer et al.). GEORGIA - Small larvae ranged 0-20 and eggs 0-40 per 100
terminals throughout southern areas during period ending August 7 (Womack) ;
populations building up in Walker County (Benton). SOUTH CAROLINA - In Florence
County for period ending August 4, moth collections in light traps totalled 275
H. zea and 4 H. virescens. Generally light populations. Currently increasing.
Light traps totalled 305 H. zea and 2 H. virescens. (Taft et al.).

COTTON LEAF PERFORATOR (Bucculatrix thurberiella) - CALIFORNIA - Increased in
Imperial Valley, Imperial County. Some local heavy populations preceeded current
increase. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ARIZONA - Problem in treated fields; additional
insecticide added for this pest in Yuma Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - ARIZONA - Buildup at Yuma Valley and Parker Valley
despite regular treatments. Additional insecticide mixed with regular material
or special treatment applied in many cases in Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

- 604 -

TOBACCO

TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - KENTUCKY - Adults damaged tobacco in
Carter and Morgan Counties. Averaged 3-4 per leaf in Morgan County. (Barnett).
VIRGINIA - Adults, 1-2 per leaf, causing 5-20 holes per leaf in 3 fields
totalling 11 acres in Dinwiddie County,(Allen).

MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS

SUNFLOWER MOTH (Homoesoma electellum) - NORTH DAKOTA - Economic in 6 percent of
fields surveyed in Richland, Cass, and Traill Counties. Larval infestations
ranged up to 670 per 100 heads. (Brandvik).

SUNFLOWER MAGGOT (Strauzia longipennis) - NORTH DAKOTA - Infestations in most
sunflower fields in Cass, Traill, and Grand Forks Counties. Up to 100 percent
of stems infested in some fields. (Brandvik, Kaatz).

A GALL MIDGE (Contarinia sp.) - NORTH DAKOTA - Infestations and damage noted on
sunflowers in east-central counties. Heaviest infestations and damage in Traill
County. Ranged up to 100 percent of heads infested. Damage more evident along
edges of fields. First specimens collected July 23, 1971,in Traill County by
J.T. Schulz. Larvae determined to genus Contarinia by R.J. Gagne. (Brandvik,
Kaatz).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - TENNESSEE - Larvae damaged tomatoes in Cocke
County. Infestations widespread, defoliation occurring. Most larvae full grown,
some diseased immatures observed. (Williams).

TOMATO PINWORM (Keiferia lycopersicella) - MISSISSIPPI - Infestations declining
in field tomatoes near Crystal Springs, Copiah County, due to intensive
insecticide program. Continues to damage greenhouse tomatoes in Copiah and Hinds
Counties. (Robinson).

GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - WASHINGTON - Alatae infesting 40 acres of
potatoes near Quincy, Grant County; averaged 8 per sweep. Adults of Chrysopa sp.
(a green lacewing) unusually abundant, 3-4 per sweep. (Landis).

BEANS AND PEAS

TWOSPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - OHIO - Up to 50 percent loss
reported on commercial snapbeans in Lucas County. (Miller).

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - TENNESSEE - Damage moderate to heavy
in middle and western areas. Rains delayed controls. (Gordon).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

ONION THRIPS (Thrips tabaci) - NEVADA - Heavy on onions, treatment required in
Mason Valley, Lyon County. (Adams).

- 605 -

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - MICHIGAN - Fresh entry "stings" in calyx
end of fruit and first to third instar in some southwest area orchards,
(Thompson). WASHINGTON - Second-generation larvae entering apples at Pullman,
Whitman County, August 6. (Telford).

WALNUT HUSK FLY (Rhagoletis completa) - OREGON - Buildup in most western areas.
Flies per trap increased from 6 to 217 in Lane County and from 3 to 39 in
Multnomah County. (Larson). Uniform emergence throughout Douglas County orchards
with peaks in most areas August 1. Controls applied. (Passon) .

SMALL FRUITS

EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi)- PENNSYLVANIA - Averaged 120 eggs, and 14
immatures and adults per grape leaf. Damage less than 1 percent; no bronzed
foliage in this untreated vineyard on this date. Absent in nearby treated vine-
yard. (Jubb, Aug. 10).

ORNAMENTALS

A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyai) - PENNSYLVANIA —- Adults collected on Pieris
plants in nursery at Stroudsburg, Monroe County, by A. Wheeler July 29, Adults
0-2 per leaf of P. japonica, damage 25-50 percent in nurseries at Lancaster and
Gap, Lancaster County. Damaged some deciduous azaleas at Gap August 5, All
determined by E. Simons. These are new county records. (Kim).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

VARIABLE OAKLEAF CATERPILLAR (Heterocampa manteo) - ARKANSAS - Very heavy on red
oak in Clark County; first year of infestations in this area. Heavy infestations
in Pulaski County. (Boyer).

SADDLED PROMINENT (Heterocampa guttivitta) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Larvae stripping
trees in Cheshire County and around fringe areas stripped in 1970 in Carroll
and Grafton Counties. Biological control effective. Bacterial wilt caused
collapse of infestation in some areas of Carroll County. (Blickle).

A BUPRESTID BEETLE (Chrysobothris floricola) -— FLORIDA - Killed 5-10 percent of
two-year-old slash pine plantings in Glades and Hamilton Counties, Adults
currently emerging; damaged young trees previously weakened by drought,
(Wilkinson) .

ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - NEW MEXICO - Light to severe damage to
almost every leaf on majority of elms at Alameda and Albuquerque, Bernalillo
County, and at Corrales, Sandoval County. (Heninger). Skeletonized leaves on
occasional Siberian elm at Silver City and minor damage at Cliff and Buckhorn,
Grant County. Completely skeletonized majority of trees at Riverside. (Hare).
COLORADO - Severe elm defoliation continues in most metropolitan areas.
(Hantsbarger). NEVADA ~ Adult flight unusually heavy in southern Washoe County;
many entered homes, restaurants, and other buildings. (Nev. Coop. Rpt.).

DUSKY BIRCH SAWFLY (Croesus latitarsus) - TENNESSEE - Damage heavy to birch in
Knox County. (Mullett).

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 3 cases reported in U.S. August 8-
14 as follows: TEXAS —- Kinney 1; ARKANSAS - Little River 2. (Anim. Health Div.).

- 606 -

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - WYOMING - Increasing on Albany County cattle.
(Pennington). TEXAS - Moderate to heavy (200 to 1,000 per head) on cattle in
Midland, Martin, Reagan, and Pecos Counties. (Green). OKLAHOMA - Heavy on un-
treated cattle in Marshall County. Moderate in Cleveland and Cimarron Counties.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). FLORIDA - Adults averaged 94 per dairy animal near Gaines-
ville, Alachua County. (McIlveen). OHIO - Adults averaged 35 per animal on beef
cattle in Wayne County. (Molineros). Average 193 on backs of beef cattle in
Noble County. (Pratt).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - MISSISSIPPI - Remains prevalent on cattle in
Monroe County. (Robinson). OHIO - Adults averaged per head on cattle: 8.6 on
beef in Wayne County and 18.5 on dairy (Molineros), and 49 on beef in Noble
County. (Pratt). MARYLAND - Averaged 30 per head on 80 Holstein cows at Knox-
ville, Frederick County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.)

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - MARYLAND - Averaged 50 per head on 80 Holstein
cows at Knoxville, Frederick County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). WISCONSIN - Heavy in
Calumet, Walworth, Adams, and Richland Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

TABANID FLIES - TENNESSEE - Horse flies continue heavy across State. Controls
ineffective in most instances. (Gordon).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

GRASSHOPPERS - Total acres treated as of August 16 as follows: CALIFORNIA
24,192, NEVADA 11,400, WASHINGTON 3,480, and WYOMING 12,960. (PPD). OREGON -
Primarily Melanoplus sanguinipes infested estimated 1 million acres of range-
land in eastern areas. (Goeden). IDAHO - Control program completed. A total of
761,622 acres treated this season. (PPD). SOUTH DAKOTA - Camnula pellucida
damaging fields in Custer County (heaviest, 10 miles west of Custer) and in
western Pennington County, (heaviest in Deerfield, Rochford area). Ranged 3-100
(averaged 20) per square yard in many places. Damage ranges from light to heavy,
mostly to grass in meadows and timothy hay crops. Melanoplus bivittatus and

M. differentialis built up in Hughes, Sully, Potter, Walworth, and Campbell
Counties. Damage to alfalfa and occasional light damage to borders of fields
threatening to be severe in parts of these counties. (Zimmerman). NORTH

DAKOTA - Adult survey completed in Sioux, Grant, and Morton Counties showed
economic infestations in St. Anthony and Flasher areas. in Morton County. Field
counts ranged 6-70 per square yard in alfalfa and 4-40 per square yard in field
margins. M. femurrubrum and M. differentialis dominant. Light infestations in
Leith and Pretty Rock Butte area in Grant County. (Grasser).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - PENNSYLVANIA - Collected 11 adults in trap at
East Providence township, Bedford County, by D.J. Marek July 30. Determined by
J.M. Murnigham. This is a new county record. (PPD). Percent defoliation ranged
5-60 on 506,400 acres in Schuylkill, Berks, Carbon, Pike, Monroe, Northampton,
Luzerne, Bucks, Lehigh, Centre, Lackawanna, Susquehanna, and Wayne Counties, and
ranged 60-100 on 92,200 acres in Schuylkill, Berks, Carbon, Pike, Monroe, North-
hampton, and Luzerne Counties. (Nichols). MARYLAND - Collected 3 adults in trap
at Williamsport, Washington County, by C.E. Creek August 16. Determined by E.L.
Todd. This is a new county record, VIRGINIA - Collected 1 adult in trap

at Gordensville, Orange County, by J.D. Artman August 10. Determined by E.L.
Todd. First time trapped in county. (PPD).

MEXICAN FRUIT FLY - (Anastrepha ludens) - CALIFORNIA - A native fly trapped at
San Ysidro, August 6, near Mexican border. (PPD).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - KENTUCKY - Adults averaged 12 per cherry
seedling in nursery in Carter County. Heavily damaged peach trees, roses, and

- 607 -

shrubs in Boyd and Floyd Counties. Damaged domestic grapevines in Johnson
County. (Barnett). TENNESSEE - Single adult trapped near produce plant in
Weakly County August 6. MICHIGAN - Single adult trapped in Allegan, Allegan
County. First adult trapped in these counties. (PPD).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA - First native male moth
north of Tehachapi Mountains in San Joaquin Valley collected from hexalure trap
in 60-acre cotton planting at Earlimart, Tulare County, on August 5 by

A. Watkins. Blossom and boll surveys negative. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). Sterile moths
released August 12-18 by county: Tulare 15,000 and Kern 3,203,250. Total for
1971 season to date 55,959,750. (PPD).

SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines) - MISSISSIPPI - Cysts recovered near
Grenada, Grenada County, by Mc Cartney on August 2. Determined by V.H. Owens,
confirmed by A.M. Golden. This is a new county record. (PPD),

WHITEFRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - LOUISIANA - Adult G. peregrinus
collected near Elton, Jefferson Davis Parish, by H. Baque and H. Young on
August 6, ARKANSAS - “Adult G. peregrinus collected at Lake Village, Chicot
County, by W. Burton on August 6, NORTH CAROLINA - Adult G. leucoloma fecundus
collected near Franklinton, Franklin County,by J.W. Scott on July 22 and

G, leucoloma striatus adult at Swan Quarter, Hyde County, by W.J. Wescott on
July 26. Determinations by V.H. Owens, confirmed by R.E. Warner. These are new
county and parish records. (PPD).

Weather of the week continued from page 9598.

was a comfortable 71°. The weather continued hot over the Far West with many
stations in Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, and Arizona recording
temperatures above 100 5 Havre, Montana, recorded 100° Wednesday afternoon, and
Huron, South Dakota, registered. 100° Thursday. Northerly breezes brought cool dry
air to much of the Northeast Thursday. Many spots in the Northeast were Oss seo,
12° cooler Thursday than Wednesday. Maximums at Washington, D.C. were: Wednesday
93°, Thursday 81°. Warmer air returned to the Northeast Friday and Saturday,
before another cool day Sunday. Albany, New York, registered 85° Saturday, but

no higher than 69° Sunday . High temperatures continued over the West with tempera-
tures exceeding 100° over much of eastern Montana and northern Wyoming Saturday.
Weekly mean temperatures averaged above normal northwest of a line from southern
California to eastern South Dakota and in New England and below normal over most
of the rest of the Nation.

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK
MID-AUGUST TO MID-SEPTEMBER 1971

The National Weather Service's 30-day outlook for mid-August to mid-September
is for temPeratures to average below seasonal normals over the southern half
of the Nation east of the Divide. Above normal temperatures are indicated for
the Northern Plains and most areas west of the Divide. Elsewhere near normal
temperatures are in prospect. Precipitation is expected to exceed normal over
the middle and south Atlantic Coast States, the Great Basin, the Southern
Plains, and portions of the Northern and Central Plains. Subnormal totals are
indicated for the far Northwest and the Great Lakes region. In unspecified
areas near normal precipitation is expected.

Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and
Outlook" published twice a month by the National Weather Service. You can
Subscribe through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20250.
Price $5.00 a year.

- 608 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

General Vegetables - PEPPER WEEVIL (Anthonomus eugenii) moderate in 0.5 acre of
Sweet pepper at Wailua, Kauai. (Ikehara). BEAN FLY (Melanagromyza phaseoli)
negligible in most commercial snap bean plantings at Waimanalo, Oahu; light to
moderate in 5,000 square-foot planting of long beans, about 20 percent of leaf
petioles infested. On Kauai, infested cowpea and snap bean material collected
from various areas revealed 81 percent parasitism of bean fly, mostly by Opius
spp. (73 percent). On Maui, bean fly activity remains generally light especially
at higher elevations (500+ feet). Infested yardlongbeans collected from Puunene,
Waikapu, and Waihee, Maui, revealed 63 percent parsitism; 37 percent by Opius
spp. (braconids). (Sugawa, Miyahira, Kawamura).

Fruits and Nuts - Damage by COCONUT LEAFROLLER (Hedylepta blackburni) moderate to
about 60 percent of fronds of 40+ coconut trees at Hawaii Kai Golf Course, Oahu;
damage reported heavy to coconut seedlings at Waimanalo Beach Park (CEIR 21(21):
365) apparently contributing to demise of few plants. Cocoons of hymenopterous
parasites moderate on infested leaflets at both locales. (Kawamura). COCONUT
SCALE (Aspidiotus destructor) generally trace in most papaya and banana plantings
on windward Oahu. In most fields, about 10 percent of leaves of both crops with
spotty, sporadic colonies. (Au, Kawamura).

Forest and Shade Trees - Larvae and adults of a BARK BEETLE (Xylosandrus compactus)
moderate in koa haole (Leucaena leucocephala) terminals at Kipapa Gulch, Oahu;
25-50 percent of young plants infested. All stages light to moderate in twigs of
Acacia koa at Waiakea Forest Reserve, Hawaii. (Laemmlen, Kashiwai).

Miscellaneous Pests - All stages of GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina fulica) moderate
and active at Schofield Barracks, Oahu, following light rainfall in area; snails
in aestivation 2 weeks ago. All stages heavy in drainage basin at Wheeler Air
Force Base, Oahu; as many as 500 snails observed at base of and on trunk of Ficus
glomerata tree. ROSY PREDATOR SNAIL (Euglandina rosea) and a CARNIVOROUS SNAIL
(Gonaxis quadrilateralis) trace at both areas. G. quadrilateralis released at this
locality for first time March 24, 1971. On Kauai, no Snail activity observed at
Poipu or Wahiawa during routine surveillance; poison bait application temporarily
discontinued. (Olson, Sugawa). Sweeping of roadside Koa haole moderately defoliated
by a GEOMETRID MOTH (Semiothisa santaremaria) and KOA HAOLE LOOPER (Anacamptodes
fragilaria) revealed Tight to moderate larval counts of both species; °
Santaremaria, 27 A. fragilaria per 50 sweeps. (Kawamura). a

DETECTION

New County and Parish Records - EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) SOUTH
DAKOTA - Custer (p. 600). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) MARYLAND -— Washington;
PENNSYLVANIA - Bedford (p. 606). A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyai) PENNSYLVANIA -
Lancaster, Monroe (p. 605). SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines)
MISSISSIPPI - Grenada (p. 607). WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta)
KANSAS - Sheridan (p. 601). WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera

ILLINOIS - Christian, Menard (p. 601). WHITEFRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.)
G. leucoloma fecundus in NORTH CAROLINA - Franklin; G. leucoloma striatus in
NORTH CAROLINA = Hyde; G. peregrinus in ARKANSAS - Chicot, LOUISIANA - Jefferson
Davis (p. 607). a >

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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 August 27, 1971 Number 35
COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

ARMYWORM larvae heavy on oats and grass in limited area of Colorado. Some larval
damage in Nebraska. CORN EARWORM damaged sorghum in Arizona, Texas, and Alabama.
(Do Gileyys

FALL ARMYWORM larvae heavy on rangeland and sorghum in Texas and sorghum in
Alabama. (p. 615).

BANKS GRASS MITE heavy in one area of Wyoming and in Oklahoma Panhandle on corn.
(p. 616).

GREEN PEACH APHID troublesome on seed potatoes in Oregon. (p. 619).

SPIDER MITE damage moderate to severe in apple and pear orchards in Utah.
(p. 621).

GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL found outside regulated area in Dade County, Florida.
(p. 624).

Detection

A LEAFHOPPER reported from Oregon for first time. This is a North American
record. Also recorded from Europe. (p. 616).

New State records include a TREEHOPPER from Oregon (p. 616) and an EURYTOMID
WASP from Pennsylvania (p. 622).
For new county records see page 620.

Special Reports

Whitefringed Beetle Quarantines. Map. Centerfold.

oe
Reports in this issue are for week ending August 20 unless otherwise indicated.

— (eNal

= 612 =

CONTENTS
special Insects of Regional “Signi fi CanCeecsnesieclole alcholic siaialeidialals elatalelatalaieraletete eo =teretersl Ole
Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........614 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.....619
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland........«.-616 General Vegetables ...0ccccccc ee O20
Forage ALeSumesiciers ciclelcielcls cletelelclolelere oi Olid Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.......621
SOY DEANS <i. sleic) clsiels wielclele etelevele:dcle eet creel ONed CAEGUST. iste ofa! tie elevete) elelerelcje.cle elotelersiatclOenls
COTTON. © cle) sal cleiete clololel cl sie. ol et ei efbtatel ei el Oley OFrNAMeN TALS... cis'sinelsterere)efejelelenehejetetetel eres
ODAC COisc aie eieie! olelereletelohaicl \etetels clelelevelete OW Forest and Shade Trees.........e622
DLMEAM IBCEIUS's\evencyelslalels tare ener elec! speanietensislO LO) Man and Animals’. <2). «20 cle .e.clcle etl
Miscellaneous Field Crops..........619

DECCCETLON «550 < cecie viclc cieie © ais cles oes elec eis ereielelelevelslovels ics cl tiectis era slid viel elelerere si etanenalenenenncee en

BeneECial; ENSCCHUES! s,s iaiele ej) o,0/s oyalejessile) sie! ahs\ieyaletelelelel elsiielelsle) aie) chehelsieielcisisliciel olol aie perenne ner
Hederal and State’ Plant Protection PrOSTAMS|s << cierc.chcs u/c 6 ovcelcve cl el ele seleleton cleiolelslenieneeeeee
Hawaie Insect RE POU. 2.1. ec «sj« 1610 ele sie wiee)e/sVellel ele lel e\iel eile clic sllel ol onc: sic) ele cuelielic e eucherer ener anenenenenchenes
Light "Trap, ColMec Gi ONS sc) sveysre cycle siehsio\ oiaiekeuaieevierel suet ee/-eke).o/ ekehetel suelo) chelcheiehel oberon oisichenenene ne neaene eee
Whitefringed Beetle Quarantines. Map. Centerfold.

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING AUGUST 23

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data
Service, NOAA,

HIGHLIGHTS: The Northwest continued warm last week. A warming trend occurred
over the north central and northeastern portions. Heavy rains fell along south
Atlantic coast early in the week.

PRECIPITATION: Heavy rains fell early in the week, in connection with a tropical
depression, which moved along the Carolina coast. Amounts ranged from 4 to over
10 inches of rain. Savannah, Georgia, received 7.04 inches in 24 hours ending
Tuesday morning, and over 8 inches fell at Sullivans Island, South Carolina, in
the same 24-hour period. The total of Pee Dee, South Carolina, for the 48-hour
period ending Tuesday evening was 9.11 inches. In that period, 6.11 inches fell
at Columbia, South Carolina. Rains were lighter as remnants of the tropical
depression continued northward along the coast. Scattered thunder showers dampened
the Texas Panhandle Monday and Tuesday. Amarillo received 1.23 inches of rain in
2-day period. A low, centered in the Dakotas and its associated fronts, produced
light showers Tuesday and Wednesday. Two day totals were generally less than 1
inch, but exceeded 2 inches in spots. At Henry, 15 miles southwest of Watertown,
South Dakota, strong winds blew down trees and large hail caused glass damage to
buildings during a thunderstorm Wednesday evening. Watertown, South Dakota,
received 1.93 inches in 24 hour period ending Thursday morning. Heavy rains in
spots in Arizona caused some flooding Thursday evening. The weekend brought heavy
storms to number of areas in the eastern half of the United States; hail as large
as baseballs smashed windshields and windows and killed chickens in Bagley,
Minnesota, Saturday. Also on Saturday, around 4 inches of rain fell at some
localities in western Pennsylvania, and a thunder storm near Carbondale, Illinois,
was accompanied by hail up to 3 inches in diameter and wind gusts reaching 80
m.p.h. Hail accumulated to depths of 3 feet in places. Strong winds blew down
trees and fences 20 miles northwest of Akron, Ohio, Saturday afternoon. No rain
or only widely scattered light sprinkles fell in California and much of the Great
Basin. Precipitation was light and scattered over the northern Rocky Mountains
and western portions of the northern and central Great Plains.

Weather of the week continued on page 620.

= 613) —

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - COLORADO - Heavy on oats and grass near Fort
Collins, Larimer County. Damage heavy and controls applied. (Hantsbarger).
NEBRASKA - Larvae less than 1 per 25 plants in 2 fields near Shelby, Polk County.
One field sprayed earlier showed about 10-15 percent loss of leaf tissue and
feeding on 70 percent of ear tips. Spray application timed too late. Most pupated
by August 17 (Keith, Kantor). Larvae damaged millet, up to 5 per square foot in
Cheyenne, and Kimball Counties. Also damaged irrigated brome-wheatgrass pasture
in Banner County; larvae ranged 6-7 per square foot, with 35 acres of 50-acre
field destroyed. Parasites increased. (Hagan). Ranged 0-6, averaged about 1 per 25
ears in 74 cornfields surveyed in Dawson County (Pruess). GEORGIA - Larvae noted
in pasture in Oglethorpe County (Carter); in lawn in Fannin County during period
ending August 14. (Jordan, Coleman).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - WASHINGTON - Heavy moth flight August 10, deter-
mined by light trap catches at Toppenish, Yakima County. (Landis). UTAH - Larvae
moderate in sweet and field corn in Washington County (Huber); infestations
ranged 0-10 (averaged 5) percent in Cache County sweet corn.- (Knowlton, Thornley).
ARIZONA - Some terminal damage on sorghum in Yuma Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz.
Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - This species and Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
required controls on young lettuce in Mesilla Valley, Dona Ana County. H. zea
damage extensive but spotty on tomatoes. Some controls applied. Spotted light to
medium on corn and sorghum in Curry and Roosevelt Counties. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).
COLORADO - Damage appearing; infestations range 20-95 percent in Arkansas Valley
corn. (Schweissing). NEBRASKA - Very light; averaged less than 1 per 100 plants
in 74 Dawson County fields (Pruess). None observed in 2 fields at Shelby, Polk
County (Keith). Generally light in all fields surveyed. Infested 10, 20, and 50
percent of ears in Harlan, Furnas, and York Counties, respectively. Negative in
Hamilton and Gosper Counties. (Helms).

KANSAS - Heliothis zea larvae averaged about 1 per ear in one field of corn in
each of following counties: Morton, Meade, and Ford. Larvae in sorghum heads
usually averaged less than 0.1 per head in Woodson, Allen, Bourbon, Crawford,

and Labette Counties. None found on soybeans in these counties. (Bell).

OKLAHOMA - H. zea moderate to heavy on Sorghum in Alfalfa County and infested 25
percent of heads in Cotton County. Light in sorghum heads checked in Hughes and
Pittsburg Counties. Light to moderate on peanuts in Hughes County. Reported dying
On peanuts in Marshall County, apparently of virus disease. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
TEXAS - Larvae attacking sorghum in Some panhandle counties. In gulf coast area
larvae continued to damage grain sorghum. (Clymer, Cole). ALABAMA - Larvae (several
stages) heavy in grain sorghum fields in Houston, Henry, Covington, Geneva,
Coffee, and Crenshaw Counties. Larvae ranged 1-8 per head on several thousand
acres. This species and Celama sorghiella (sorghum webworm) occurring in mixed
populations and caused some growers problems in identification.

H. zea moth flights heavy. Small larvae light to heavy on peanut tips in many
Southeast area fields. Some growers expect to add control efforts with other
treatments. (McQueen).

GEORGIA - During period ending August 14, Heliothis zea larvae heavy in 25 acres
of corn in Catoosa County (Kendrick); fed in whorls in Clarke County (C.R.
Jordan); and light throughout peanut-growing area (Womack). SOUTH CAROLINA -
Larvae 3-4 per head of sorghum in Horry County (Sparks); eggs on soybean tips
and up to 1 larval per 3 feet of row (Baskin). KENTUCKY - Larval damaged corn
averaged 6 per 20 ear Sample in Knott County. Larvae damage light to sorghum in
Todd County. (Barnett). INDIANA - Fourteen cornfields in southwest district
averaged 1.1 larvae per 100 ears. (Meyer). MARYLAND - H. zea moths averaged 14
per night in blacklight trap at Hurlock, Dorchester County. Infestations in
late corn, beans, and soybeans expected to increase. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).
DELAWARE - Adults averaged 6 per night in Sussex County blacklight traps.
(Burbutis, Lesiewicz). NEW YORK - In Hudson Valley, mostly fourth instar larvae
7 per 100 tips of sweet corn noted August 13 at New Paltz in one planting.

- 614 -

(N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). WISCONSIN - Few larvae found in ears in Sheboygan County and
individual moths appearing sporadically in blacklight traps as far north as
Hancock. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - ARIZONA - Commercial applicators and
growers report spotted light infestations on sorghum in Yuma area, Yuma County.
Heavy on lower third of plants at Safford, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).
OKLAHOMA - Heavy on sorghum in Jackson and Cotton Counties. Ranged up to 1,000
per leaf in Jackson County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MAINE - Populations very light
to light in 16 fields in which Coleomegilla maculata (a lady beetle) adults and
larvae found in southern and western areas. Some Coccinella transversoguttata
(transverse lady beetle) adults and larvae noted. (Gall).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - TEXAS - Generally declined in all areas reported.
Beneficial insects helped in greenbug control in most areas. Some isolated areas
may Still have heavy greenbug populations; moderate increase in Trans-Pecos area,
(Clymer et al.). OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy on sorghum in Roger Mills County.
Controls underway. Moderate and declining in Cimarron County sorghum. Ranged 5-10
per plant on volunteer wheat and damaged some early planted wheat in Cimarron
County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). COLORADO - Found in most areas of Arkansas Valley on
sorghum. Heaviest in Crowley and Prowers Counties, lower 4-5 leaves lost in late-
planted fields. (Schweissing). KANSAS - Population on sorghum in southwest and
west-central districts generally light and heavily parasitized by unspecified
parasitic wasps. Limited surveys in other areas showed no greenbugs and/or evidence
of parasitism. (Bell).

HORNWORMS (Manduca spp.) - DELAWARE - Adults averaged 4 per night in Sussex
County black light traps. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). NEW MEXICO - Some M. quinque-
maculata (tomato hornworm) noted on tomatoes in Dona Ana County. (N.M. Coop.
Rpt.)a

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - OKLAHOMA - Light to moderate on
alfalfa in Garvin County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). COLORADO - Ranged 0-1,000 per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Arkansas Valley fields. (Schweissing).

TOBACCO BUDWORM (Heliothis virescens) - MARYLAND - Light to moderate on tobacco
in Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). NORTH CAROLINA - In Columbus and
Bladen Counties, 224 of 470 fields checked with infestations at 10 percent or
above. Larvae 1 inch or more on 25 percent of plants. (Kornegay et al.).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - MAINE - Infestations 0-10 percent,
Moths in traps at Portland (Schaffer) indicating possible second generation.

Most not pupated. (Gall). NEW YORK - In Hudson Valley, moth collections heavy;
100 in 2 traps on August 10. In corn ears and whorls largest larvae third

instar. (N.Y. Wkly. Rpt.). DELAWARE - Adults averaged 76 per night in blacklight
trap at Bridgeville, Sussex County. Egg masses average 1 per 10 pepper plants with
infestation of fruit averaging 28 percent in untreated plants. (Burbutis,
Lesiewicz). MARYLAND - Moths averaged 16 per night in blacklight trap at Hurlock,
Dorchester County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). INDIANA - Seven fields in Knox County
averaged 26 percent infestation with second-generation larvae (range 2-56
percent) with average of 45 larvae per 100 stalks (range 140 per 100 stalks).
Seven fields in Posey County averaged 15 percent infested (range 0-32 percent)
with an average of 28 larvae per 100 stalks (range 0-64 per 100 stalks). Larvae
ranged second instar to full grown, with pupation occasional in more southern
Posey County area. (Meyer). WISCONSIN - Feeding damage continues light in north-
eastern counties near Green Bay and eggs scarce in that area. Feeding injury more
evident in central counties and eggs easy to find. Egg masses on August 18
appeared freshly laid. Moth catches heavy in most blacklight traps. (Wis. Ins.
Sur.). MINNESOTA - Moth counts increased at Worthington, Shakopee, and at
Rochester. Six moths collected August 11, 509 August 12, 1,400 August 13 in
blacklight trap. Eggs in southeast district. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). SOUTH DAKOTA -

=) (625 0=

Very heavy moth flight night of August 12; along Interstate 90 between Mitchell,
Sanborn County, and Salem, McCook County. (Jones).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Larvae moderate to heavy on
sorghum in Alfalfa and Roger Mills Counties and light to moderate in Garvin
County. Heavy on corn in Jackson and Cimarron Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
TEXAS - Infestations heavy on sorghum and rangeland throughout State. (Green).
ALABAMA - Larval outbreak in young grain sorghum in Houston, Henry, Geneva,
Covington, Crenshaw, Coffee, and Dale Counties. (McQueen). SOUTH CAROLINA -
Infested 15 acres of sorghum in Saluda County, heavy damage on 3 acres. Also
reported infesting several fields of sorghum in Chester County. Eggs and larvae
present. (Nettles). KENTUCKY - Larvae damaged corn in Webster, Hopkins, Henderson,
and Christian Counties. (Barnett). MARYLAND - Generally moderate to heavy;
several fields in Frederick County show infestations over 50 percent. (U. Md.,
Ent. Dept.). INDIANA - Common in tips of corn ears; larvae reported from Clay
County, Scott County, and Posey County causing damage in whorls of late-planted
corn. (Gould et al.). WISCONSIN - Few adults beginning to appear in blacklight
trap catches in Manitowoc area. Some fields near Sheboygan show light feeding
damage and larvae nearly mature. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) - NEBRASKA - Generally light. Heaviest
infestations in late-planted corn. Individual fields in Hamilton, Butler, and
Dundy Counties, with larvae up to 37 per 25 ears. Larvae light, 5 or less per

25 plants in single fields examined in York, Colfax, Gosper, Furnas, Harlan, and
Dundy Counties. Negative in Dawson County (2 fields), Gosper County (3 additional
fields) and Dundy County (2 additional fields) and Perkins County (1 field).
Ranged 0-8, averaged about 0.5 larvae per 25 ears in 74 Dawson County fields
(Pruess). Averaged 15 per 25 ears in field near Shelby, Polk County (Keith et al.).
KANSAS - Larvae (second to late instars) averaged 0.3 per plant in cornfield in
Wichita County. Larvae present, but difficult to find in one field in each of
following counties: Logan, Gove, Scott, and Rawlins. New county records include
Scott, Gove, and Rawlins. Determinations by M.L. Shuman and K.O. Bell. (Bell).

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - UTAH = During period ending
August 12, damaged corn in Box Elder County. This is a new county record.
(Knowlton, Roberts). Much lodging noted in Cache County. (Thornley). Current
injury to corn for ensilage, in Richmond area of Cache County, will make
mechanical harvesting difficult. (Thornley, Knowlton). NEBRASKA - Ranged 1-95,
averaged about 21 per 25 corn plants examined in 40 Dawson County fields.
(Pruess).

NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) - OHIO - In Crawford County,
adults ranged 1-17 per silk, average 1.7. Individual field averages as high as
4.5 adults per silk. In Morrow County, adults averaged 0.04 per silk in field
corn. Although very little feeding occurred on silks adult beetles present in
greater densities than reflected by silk-feeding readings. (Andress). NORTH
CAROLINA - Adults collected from fresh corn silks in Yadkin, Wilkes, Surry, and
Stokes Counties. Heaviest in Surry County. These are new county records. (Bradley,
Hunt). TENNESSEE - Adults abundant on corn silk in several fields in Weakley
County. Heavy root damage noted. (Pless). Adults feeding on silk in field in
Morgan County for a new county record. Collected by Hadden. Determined by
Mullett. (Gordon).

CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - WISCONSIN - Statewide survey begun. Populations
generally heavy although erratic in southern and southwestern counties. Popula-
tions light in northeastern counties. Lodging light or absent in most fields.
Lodging ranged 10-80 percent in minority of fields. Severe leaf and silk feeding
evident in some fields. D. virgifera (western corn rootworm) dominant in Manitowoc
and Sheboygan Counties near Lake Michigan and in Grant, Iowa, Lafayette, Green,
Rock, and Dane Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA - Adults averaged 5 per plant
and 60 percent lodged in Washington County field. Counts of 99 D. longicornis
(northern corn rootworm) and 6 D. virgifera adults on 10 corn plants in Wabasha

- 616 -

County field with 50 percent lodging. In Goodhue County field, D. longicornis 66
and D. virgifera 3 on 10 plants with 30 percent lodging. (Minn. Pest Rptae

SORGHUM WEBWORM (Celama sorghiella) - ALABAMA - During period ending August 13,
surveys indicated larvae heavy, 1-4 per grain head in sorghum in large Coffee
County field. Some controls needed. (Cassady et al.). This period larvae ranged
1-10 in grain sorghum heads on several thousand acres throughout Houston, Henry,
Geneva, Covington, Crenshaw, Coffee, and other counties. All ages present in
mixed populations with Heliothis zea (corn earworm). Control efforts general.
(McQueen). KENTUCKY - C. sorghiella larvae ranged 3-4 per grain sorghum head in
fields in Todd County. Controls applied. (Barnett).

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - ALABAMA - Larvae completely
destroyed acre of 10 acre grain sorghum field and damaged noted throughout field
at Hodgesville in Houston County. (Stephenson et al.).

SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - MARYLAND - Larval infestations
ranged light to heavy on corn in Marion and Fayette Counties. One 3 acre field
of corn in Fayette County, 25 to 30 percent stalk infestation. Larvae attacking
40 to 50 percent stalks and ears in 18-acre field at Guin in Marion County.
(Pigott).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - MISSISSIPPI - Infesting sorghum for grain
or ensilage throughout State. Sorghum planted late and that still in bloom should
be watched closely. (Robinson).

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - WYOMING - Corn plants ranged 0-30
percent infested in 6 Park County fields. Heavy, damage severe to lower 4-8
leaves and in some cases 10-12 leaves near Thermopolis, Hot Springs County.
(Burkhardt). COLORADO - Light to heavy throughout Arkansas Valley corn. Most
damage in Otero County. (Schweissing). OKLAHOMA - Continues to build up in
scattered cornfields in panhandle counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Heavy
in El Paso County on grain sorghum. Plants in heavily infested fields show 0.75
of total leaves completely dessicated. Light in Dell City area of Hedspeth
County on grain sorghum. Light in Pecos and Reeves Counties. Several grain sorghum
fields in Dallam County show light to moderate infestations. Cool, damp weather
helped to keep mites below economic level. Mite populations in the South Plains
near Lubbock, decreased greatly during cool, wet weather. (Neeb et al.).

SPIDER MITES - UTAH - Populations of Tetranychus urticae (twospotted spider mite)
and Oligonychus pratensis (Banks grass mite) caused moderate to severe discolora-
tion and drying of corn foliage in Washington County (Huber), also in portions of
Sanpete, Sevier, Emery, Utah, Salt Lake, and Kane Counties (Knowlton); field corn
being aerially treated. (Horne).

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

A LEAFHOPPER (Euscelis ohausi (Wagner)) - OREGON - Collected fourth and fifth
instar nymphs on Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) on June 28, 1970,near Corvallis,

Benton County, by P. Oman. Determined by P. Oman. This is a new North American
record. Distribution Europe. (Oman).

A TREEHOPPER (Gargara genitsae) - OREGON - Collected adults on Scotch broom
(Cytisus scoparius) on July 27, 1970 near Corvallis, Benton County, by P. Oman.
Determined by P. Oman. This is a new State record. (Oman). Recorded from
Washington, Connecticut, New Jersey, Italy, Spain, Austria, Germany, France, and
England. (PPD).

CHINCH BUGS (Blissus spp.) - MAINE - B. leucopterus leucopterus (chinch bug)
reported from southern and western areas. Two lawns Severely damaged but concern

with invasion of homes. (Gall). PENNSYLVANIA - B. leucopterus hirtus and B.
leucopterus leucopterus moderate on many lawns, nymphs and adults caused up to 80

percent damage in Centre County. (Gesell). OHIO - B. leucopterus hirtus (hairy

GUE

chinch bug) nymphs 130 per square foot in infested lawns in Wayne County.
(Niemczyk). FLORIDA - Probably Blissus insularis (southern chinch bug) severe
and damaging torpedo grass, Panicum repens, pastures at ranch near Ft. Pierce,
St. Lucie County August 11. (Kretschmer).

WESTERN YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera praefica) - OREGON - Moths (freshly
emerged) appearing for first time in blacklight trap located near Macleay,
Marion County. (Westcott, Long).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - ARIZONA - Averaged 45 per 100 sweeps in
4 fields of alfalfa in Yuma area. Ranged 20-250 per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in
Parker Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). COLORADO - Heavy in some fields
of eastern Bent and western Prowers Counties, damage evident. (Schweissing).

NEW MEXICO - Moth flights increased. Most alfalfa in Mesilla Valley, Dona Ana
County, cut, larvae counts light. Counts of 1-4 per 25 sweeps of alfalfa in
Chaves County. (Mathews).

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - NEBRASKA - Larvae ranged 4-5 per square
foot of alfalfa in Scotts Bluff, Morrill, and Sioux Counties. Larvae 2-3 per plant
on sugar beets and up to 4 per plant on potatoes observed. (Hagen).

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Averaged 55 per 100 sweeps in 4
alfalfa fields in Yuma area, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

LYGUS BUG (Lygus sp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 550 per 100 sweeps in 5 alfalfa fields
in Yuma area, Yuma County. Ranged 10-30 adults and 4-20 nymphs per 100 sweeps in
Parker Valley alfalfa. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). WYOMING - Ranged per 10 sweeps of
forage: 0-12 near Powell and 40-50 near Meteetsee, Park County (Murray); 0-70 in
2 Hot Springs County fields. (Parshall).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Averaging 185
per 100 sweeps in 4 alfalfa fields in Yuma area, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

ALFALFA PLANT BUG (Adelphocoris lineolatus) - MAINE - Adults ranged 5-15 and
nymphs 5-45 per 5 sweeps of alfalfa in Southern and western areas. (Gall).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - COLORADO - Ranged 100-4,000 per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa in Arkansas Valley. (Schweissing). KANSAS - Counts per 10 sweeps of
irrigated alfalfa: up to 2,000 in Scott County field and 1,000 in Kearny County
field. (Bell). MARYLAND - Averaged 50+ per sweep of alfalfa in 3 Frederick
County fields. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - COLORADO - Continues to increase, ranged 0-1,000
per 100 sweeps in Arkansas Valley fields. (Schweissing).

LEAFMINER FLIES (Agromyza spp.) - MASSACHUSETTS - Adults 482 per 100 sweeps in 2
forage fields in Hampshire County. (Miller).

SOYBEANS

TOBACCO MOTH (Ephestia elutella) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Larvae damaged about 1,200
pounds of cured tobacco in packhouse in Florence County. (Johnson).

COTTON

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - NEW MEXICO - H. zea light in Eddy and Chaves Counties.
(Mathews). Scattered populations on cotton in Dona Ana County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).
TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties, eggs averaged 1.7 and larvae 2.3 per 100
terminals in 22 fields. Injured squares averaged 7.2 percent and injured bolls 7.4
percent. Of 804 larvae collected and identified, 83 or 10 percent H. virescens.
(Cowan et al.). OKLAHOMA - Small H. zea larvae infested 18-20 percent of terminals

= 618) =

in dryland cotton in Grady County. Damage averaged 25 percent in some fields where
rain hindered controls. Light to moderate in Bryan, Garvin, and Cotton Counties.
Larvae averaged 5 percent and eggs 7 percent in Newcastle area, McClain County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Infestations near normal for August. Of 6,972
fields surveyed, 5,475 infested and 1,505 needed controls. (Boyer et al.).
LOUISIANA - Egg counts increased in Red River Valley; indicates new generation.
(Tynes et al.). In Madison Parish, damaged squares in 104 of 109 plots. Infesta-
tions ranged 1-10 (averaged 3.5) percent in infested plots. Moths increased;

total of 116 H. zea collected. (Cleveland et al.). MISSISSIPPI - In delta counties,
moth collections increased but no eggs in terminals. Trap located top of 90-foot
building recovered over twice as many H. zea as trap Iocated at 6 foot level.

May indicate long range dispersal underway. Damaged squares averaged 0.8 (maximum
2) percent in 6 of :8 fields. (Pfrimmer et al.). Few eggs noted statewide. Survey
of late instar larvae from Noxubee County indicate 80 percent H. virescens.
(Robinson). TENNESSEE - H. zea continues to increase sharply in rank cotton
throughout western areas. Eggs and larvae ranged 1-25 per 100 terminals. Eggs

on underside of leaves, on stems, squares, and down in plant. Much damage

expected where control not timed to kill small larvae. Further increase expected.
(Locke).

ALABAMA - Heliothis zea moth flights very heavy in south and central areas and
increased in northern areas. Egg laying heavy; counts of 5-100 per 100 stalks in
many south and central area fields. Very few moths observed in south areas.
(McQueen). GEORGIA - During period ending August 14, egg laying remained heavy

in southern areas, up to 100 eggs and 0-15 larvae per 100 terminals. (Womack).
For period ending August 21, eggs ranged 0-52 (averaged 14) and larvae 2-30
(averaged 8) per 100 squares in 30 Randolph and Terrell County fields; some
difficulties in control (Womack); square damage light in Spalding County.
(Tippens). SOUTH CAROLINA - In Aiken County, total of 1,512 moths recovered

from light trap during period August 9-12. (Nettles). In Florence County, popula-
tions continue to increase. In light trap collected 665 H. zea and one H,.
virescens. (Taft et al.). Egg laying increased statewide. Appears to be no
distinct broods in fields, with first instar to full-grown larvae present in same
fields. Generally crop damage much lower than that caused by populations in
August 1970. (Sparks). NORTH CAROLINA - Larvae increased from less than 10 to

50+ in 1.5 weeks in Johnston County. Also increasing in Bertie County. (Bradley).

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - In McLennan and Falls Counties,
punctured squares averaged 16.7 (maximum 40.3) percent in 10 treated fields;
averaged 27.6 (maximum 51.1) percent in 12 untreated fields. (Cowan et al.).
OKLAHOMA - Infestations ranged 15-45 percent on cotton in Tillman County and
10-20 percent in Jackson and Marshall Counties. Moderate in Bryan and Garvin
Counties and in Cotton County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Young adults in
blooms in many fields. Of 6,972 fields surveyed, 5,755 infested and 1,708 needed
controls. (Boyer et al.). LOUISIANA - Expect another peak emergence from Squares
on ground August 16-23. Populations still heavy in many fields. (Tynes et al.).
In Madison Parish, no weevils recovered from sticky traps. Punctured squares
ranged 7-59 (averaged 25.9) percent in 109 plots. (Cleveland et al.). MISSISSIPPI -
In delta counties, punctured squares averaged 16.6 (maximum 62.5) percent in 7

of 8 fields. No weevils taken on pheromone-baited wing traps. (Pfrimmer et al.).
TENNESSEE - Damage heavy in late cotton. Control difficult due to rains and rank
cotton. Small boll damage heavy in fields where squares scarce. Migration to those
counties to north occurring where no infestations noted earlier in season,
Punctured squares in some of these areas as high as 60 percent. Further increase
expected throughout cotton-growing area. Many fields of older cotton have "cut-
out" and are no longer attractive to weevils in western areas. (Locke). ALABAMA -
Adults still heavy throughout south and central areas and major cotton-producing
areas of Tennessee River Valley. (McQueen). GEORGIA - During period ending August
14, punctured squares ranged 2-78 percent in Gordon County (Dyer, Womack) ;
increased in southern areas, punctured squares up to 85 percent in fields where
controls stopped or delayed. (Womack). For period ending August 21, punctured
Squares ranged 0-35 percent in 30 fields in Randolph and Terrell Counties, where
control practices satisfactory (Womack); percent punctured squares, 7 in treated

cil

TM

t

COUNTIES WITH COLORED D*

=

STATE REGULATIONS ONLY\""
(ERADICATION TREATMENT]..

ERADICATED--REGULATIONS

RESTRICTIONS ARE wwrossia 7
ARTICLES FROM A REGUL#/A
QZ

1. RED INTO OR THROUG; 3

|
2. GREEN INTO OR THRG

|
3. GREEN INTO GREEN, |
4. GREEN WITHIN sei
|
5. BLUE INTO ANY OTHE

° WHEN IT IS DETERMI
OF SPREAD EXISTS. |
©°ONLY WHEN REQUIRE
OR BY AN AUTHORIZ.

NEW JERSEY

CONSULT YOUR STATE OR lee
INSPECTOR OR YOUR CO!

REGARDING EXACT ARE. Sa
REQUIREMENTS FOR MO

REVISED Aprie 15, 1971

approved pesticzae.
Forest products, suct

yood, stumpwood, logs, lumber, and

Th
v

as oulo

3}

1a
385

mowood, los

stut

such as pulpwood,

products,

Forest

WHITEFRINGED BEETLE QUARANTINES

COUNTIES ENTIRELY COLORED ARE COMPLETELY REGULATED;
COUNTIES WITH COLORED DOT ARE PARTIALLY REGULATED.

GENERALLY INFESTED AREA--STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS.
(ERADICATION TREATMENTS NOT IN PROGRESS OR PLANNED.)

SUPPRESSIVE AREA--STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS.
(ERADICATION TREATMENTS APPLIED OR IN PROGRESS.)

STATE REGULATIONS ONLY.
(ERADICATION TREATMENTS APPLIED OR IN PROGRESS.)

ERADICATED--REGULATIONS REMOVED.
RESTRICTIONS ARE IMPOSED ON THE MOVEMENT OF REGULATED
ARTICLES FROM A REGULATED AREA AS FOLLOWS:

1. RED INTO OR THROUGH GREEN, BLUE, OR WHITE.

2. GREEN INTO OR THROUGH BLUE OR WHITE.

3. GREEN INTO GREEN.

4. GREEN WITHIN GREEN®,

5. BLUE INTO ANY OTHER AREA°°.

° WHEN IT IS DETERMINED BY THE INSPECTOR THAT A HAZARD
OF SPREAD EXISTS.

°°ONLY WHEN REQUIRED BY STATE QUARANTINE REGULATIONS
OR BY AN AUTHORIZED INSPECTOR.

CONSULT YOUR STATE OR FEDERAL PLANT PROTECTION
INSPECTOR OR YOUR COUNTY AGENT FOR ASSISTANCE

REGARDING EXACT AREAS UNDER REGULATION AND
REQUIREMENTS FOR MOVING REGULATED ARTICLES.

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE - PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

COOPERATING WITH AFFECTED STATES

SEE REVERSE SIDE FOR LIST OF REGULATED ARTICLES

per REVISED

NEW JERSEY

Apri 15, 1971

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plots and 90 in untreated plots in Spalding County. (Tippens). SOUTH CAROLINA -
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fields, and 50-60 in fields where rain continues to interfere with control.
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Florence County, populations large enough to destroy all squares in unprotected
fields. Migration increasing rapidly. Top crop threatened if controls fail.
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COTTON LEAF PERFORATOR (Bucculatrix thurberiella) - CALIFORNIA - Sharp increase
in Imperial Valley desert cotton. Previously infestations spotty. Repeat

applications of pesticides will be necessary. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). ARIZONA - Still
factor in cotton and treatments applied at Yuma. Building up, but due to switch
of material now under control in Parker Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

TOBACCO

TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - MARYLAND - Heavy, over 50 per plant,
on tobacco in southern Prince Georges County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

DIFFERNTIAL GRASSHOPPER (Melanoplus differentialis) - KENTUCKY - Counts of 3-4
per plant in Madison County. One field Showed 20-30 percent of foliar area
destroyed. (Barnett).

SUGAR BEETS

TWOSPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - WASHINGTON - All stages increasing
on sugar beets at Toppenish, Yakima County. Damaged carrots grown for seed
throughout Grant County; in most fields 50 percent or more seed heads webbed.
(Landis, Hunter).

MISCELLANEOUS FIELD CROPS

BANDED SUNFLOWER MOTH (Phalonia hospes) - NORTH DAKOTA - In Cass County field,
larvae 1-20 per head on 40 percent of sunflower heads. Damage evident on heavier
infested heads. (Brandvik).

SUNFLOWER MAGGOT (Strauzia longipennis) - NORTH DAKOTA - Infestations in all
fields sampled in Ransom, Steele, Walsh, Pembina, and Grand Forks Counties. In
Barnes County, 50 percent of sunflower fields infested. Infested stems in fields
ranged up to 100 percent in Pembina and Grand Forks Counties. (Brandvik, Kaatz).

A TEPHRITID (Gymnocarena diffusa) - NORTH DAKOTA - Heaviest infestations in Grand
Forks County, 14 percent of fields infested. Up to 60 percent of sunflower heads
infested. Larvae in receptacle of heads. (Kaatz).

A GALL MIDGE (Contarinia sp.) - NORTH DAKOTA - Surveys indicate no infestations
in Ransom and Barnes Counties. Steele, Walsh, Pembina and Grand Forks Counties
show less than 1 percent of sunflower heads damaged. Larvae no longer present
in previously infested heads. (Brandvik, Kaatz).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - OREGON - Infested leaves ranged 35-100 per
100 leaf sample. Populations building up since early July and controls ineffec-
tive. Leaf roll symptoms heaviest in years and some growers may not harvest.
Growers with potatoes for seed most seriously affected. About 2,500 acres

affected in Klamath Falls area of Klamath County. (Schuh). INDIANA - Economic
numbers observed in 2 of 5 pepper fields in northwest district. (Matthew). IDAHO -
Populations in potato seed-producing areas mostly in field margins on weed host
plants. Populations near normal in eastern area. (Spencer et al.).

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- 620 -

FALSE CELERY LEAF TIER (Udea profundalis) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae and adults heavy
in 40 acre planting of bell peppers in Patterson area, Stanislaus County. Major
infestation first and second instar larvae. Larger ready to pupate larvae noted.
Damage evident. This is new host record. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) - COLORADO - Adults and larvae
increased up to 24 per 10 sweeps in some fields in Weld County. (Hantsbarger).

A WEEVIL (Pantomorus taeniatulus) - ALABAMA - During period ending August 13,
noted unusual damage to 30 acres of potatoes in Jackson County. Larvae (several
instars) damaged 15 percent of tubers in field, ranged 1-14 holes per tuber and
up to 1.5 inches deep. Some larvae still in tubers. Field fallow during 1970.
(Gardenhire, Dulaney).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - MARYLAND - Moths increasing in blacklight trap
at Hurlock, Dorchester County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

DETECTION

New North American Record - A LEAFHOPPER (Euscelis ohausi (Wagner)) - OREGON -
Benton County. (p. 616).

New State Records - AN EURYTOMID WASP (Eudecatoma marylandica) - PENNSYLVANIA -
Schuylkill County. (p. 622). A TREEHOPPER (Gargara genitsae) - OREGON - Benton
County. (p. 616).

New County Records - AN APHID (Panaphis juglandis) CALIFORNIA - Butte (p. 621).
AN ARMORED SCALE (Phenacaspis cockerelli) SOUTH CAROLINA - Horry (p. 622). AN
ARMORED SCALE (Parlatoria crotonis) FLORIDA - Gadsden (p. 622). A EULOPHID WASP
(Tetrastichus incertus) OHIO - Guernsey, Coshocton (p. 624). GYPSY MOTH
(Porthetria dispar) N EW MEXICO - Monroe, Seneca (p. 624). MIMOSA WEBWORM
(Homadaula aise tea) OKLAHOMA - Pushmataha (p. 622). NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM
(Diabrotica longicornis) NORTH CAROLINA - Yadkin, Wilkes, Surry, Stokes;
TENNESSEE — Morgan (p. 615). WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) KANSAS -
Scott, Gove, Rawlins (p. 615). WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera)

UTAH - Box Elder (p. 615).

Weather of the week continued from page 612.

TEMPERATURE: Clear skies prevalied over most of the Nation early in the week.
Temperatures averaged near seasonal, except somewhat warmer | than normal over the
northern Great Plains, where Havre, Montana, registered 101° and Mobridge, North
Dakota, 99° Monday afternoon. The Far Southwest warmed to 100° or higher on most
days. Daggett, California, recorded 108° Tuesday afternoon. Early autumn chill was
noted in the central Rocky Mountains. The mercury at Big Piney, Wyoming, tumbled
to 28° Thursday morning. The minimums over the East ranged from the 40's and 50's
along the Canadian border, to the upper 60's and 70's from Texas to the Carolinas,
Georgia,’ and Florida. Bradford, Pennsylvania, recorded 39° Tuesday morning.
Maximums over the East ranged from the 70's in the Great Lakes region and New
England to the 80's and low 90's in the Deep South. A warming trend occurred in
Northeast and by Thursday afternoon temperatures in the 80's became widespread.
Rochester, New York, recorded 91° Thursday afternoon. The northern Great Plains
warmed over the weekend. Numerous stations in the Dakotas and Nebraska registered
100° or higher on Saturday or Sunday. Temperature at Philip, South Dakota,

reached 106° Sunday afternoon. The relative humidity increased in the Southwest
and the Southeast continued warm and humid. The weekly mean temperatures were
mostly below normal across the southern third of the Nation and warmer than normal
over the northern two thirds. Parts of the northern Great Plains averaged 6° to
10° warmer than normal.

- 621 -

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - WISCONSIN - Few adults in blacklight trap
at Seymour, Columbia County. Examination of apples revealed larvae in first to

last instar; second brood begun. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). ARIZONA - About 75 percent of
apples infested in yard plantings at Safford, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

pear orchards in Utah County. Control difficult. (Horne).

WALNUT HUSK FLY (Rhagoletis completa) - OREGON - Populations peaked in Medford
area, Jackson County, August 2. (Berry).

AN APHID (Panaphis juglandis) - CALIFORNIA - Adults 60 per leaf on 30-acre walnut
planting in Gridley, Butte County. This is a new county record, (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

PECAN NUT CASEBEARER (Acrobasis caryae) - OKLAHOMA - Second-generation damage
ranged 5-10 percent in Garvin County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

PECAN WEEVIL (Curculio caryae) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy on pecans in Tulsa County and
light in Garvin County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

BLACKMARGINED APHID (Monellia costalis) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy on pecan trees in
Tulsa and Payne Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - WEST VIRGINIA - Larvae damage light to black
walnut in Gilmer County. Defoliation light to wild cherry in Pleasants County,
August 11. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

CITRUS

Insect Situation in Florida - Mid-August - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta
Oleivora) infested 80 (norm 59) percent of groves; economic in 67 (norm 45)
percent. Decreased slightly and will continue to decrease. Will remain much above
normal and in high range. All districts high. Mites more numerous on fruits than
on leaves. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 48 (norm 44) percent of
groves; economic in 23 (norm 22) percent. Decreased greatly and now near normal
and in moderate range. Further decrease expected. Highest districts west and
south, Very few infestations will be important through September. TEXAS CITRUS
MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested 42 (norm 46) percent of groves; economic in
14 (norm 21) percent. Sharp drop; population below normal and. into low range.
Further decrease expected through September in all districts. GLOVER SCALE
(Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested 71 (norm 61) percent of groves; economic in

12 (norm 15) percent. Population near normal and at moderate level. Slight
decrease expected until mid-September. Highest districts south and west. PURPLE
SCALE (L. beckii) infested 57 (norm 56) percent of groves; economic in 1 (norm 3)
percent. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 44 (norm 48) percent of
groves; economic in 2 (norm 4) percent. YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) infested
29 (norm 55) percent of groves; economic in none (norm 6) percent. These three
scales below normal abundance in all districts. All will be at low level. BLACK
SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested 58 (norm 58) percent of groves; economic in 32
(norm 49) percent. Reached summer peak of abundance late July. Will decrease to
low level August through October. Peak was in high range but much below normal.
Districts vary highest east and lowest north. A ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri)
infested 21 percent of groves; economic in 21 percent. Population Similar in size

to that of preceding 5 months and higher than in any prior year. Temporary
decrease expected. WHITEFLIES infested 73 percent of groves; economic in 23

percent. Declined to moderate level but still above normal, Further decrease

- 622 -

expected through August, followed by slight increase in September. Highest
district east. MEALYBUGS declined to normal low level and not likely to be of
concern for remainder of year. (W.A. Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)).

ORNAMENTALS

AN ARMORED SCALE (Parlatoria crotonis) FLORIDA - Taken on croton at nursery in
Chattahoochee, Gadsden County, May 7, 1971, by R.H. Miller and A.E. Graham. This
is a new county record, (Fla. Coop. Sur.).

AN ARMORED SCALE (Phenacaspis cockerelli) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Reported from Horry
County on Magnolia. This is a new county record, (Weeks) .

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

DOUGLAS FIR TUSSOCK MOTH (Hemerocampa pseudotsugata) - CALIFORNIA - New infes-
tation in estimated 3,000 acre stand of mixed forest and private property in
El Dorado National Forest, El Dorado County. Mixed populations from light to
heavy at Nevada Point, Georgetown area, and along Rubicon River eastward.
(Cal. Coop. Sur.).

OAK LEAF TIER (Croesia semipurpurana) - PENNSYLVANIA - Heavy to complete defolia-
tion observed in 1,000 acre area of Cumberland County (second year infestation) ;
light to moderate defoliation (under 60 percent) observed in 700 acre area and
heavy to complete defoliation in 6,300 acre area in Union County with increasing
trend. (Nichols, Aug. 12).

LARCH CASEBEARER (Coleophora laricella) - OREGON - Very rapid and unexpected
southward movement in Umatilla County larch. Originally detected at Tollgate
June 1970, this species spread into Emigrant Park area between Pendleton and
La Grande and into Battle Mountain State Park, located 35 miles south of
Pendleton. (Kline).

VARIABLE OAKLEAF CATERPILLAR (Heterocampa manteo) - MISSOURI - Heavy moth flights
at lights in Boone County. (Craig).

MIMOSA WEBWORM (Homadaula anisocentra) - OKLAHOMA - Light to heavy on mimosa in
Antlers, Pushmataha County, for a new county record. (Okla. Coop. Sur’.)):

A NOTODONTID MOTH (Symmerista canicosta) - MICHIGAN - Defoliation noticeable in
Wolf Lake Area, Lake County and in East Lake, Manistee County. In Muskegon and
White Cloud areas, Newaygo County, defoliation just started. Complete defoliation
expected at all of these sites. (Eiber).

ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - NEVADA - Damage heavy to trees in Caliente,
Lincoln County. (Zoller). Damage heavy in Fallon, Churchill County. Damage light
to medium at Topaz Lake, Douglas County. (Nev. Coop. Rpt.). KENTUCKY - Com-
pletely defoliated elm trees in Knott and parts of Jackson Counties. (Barnett).

AN EURYTOMID WASP (Eudecatoma marylandica - PENNSYLVANIA - Sixteen adults
emerged from gouty oak gall caused by Callirhytis punctata (a cynipid wasp)
collected in January from oak (laboratory rearing) near Auburn, Schuylkill
County. Determined by B.D. Burks, This is a new State record. (Kim).

A CONIFER SAWFLY (Neodiprion sp.) OKLAHOMA - Second-generation pupation nearly
complete in area; caused heavy defoliation to shortleaf pine in some areas.
Latimer County, including Robbers Cave State Park, again had heavy widespread
infestations. Smaller spots reported in southern Latimer County, Snow, Albion,
and Antlers areas of Pushmataha County, Daisy area of Atoka County, and

- 623 -

Halleyville and Hartshorne area of Pittsburg County (EC). Many spots larger and more
heavily damaged by this generation than by first. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

WALKINGSTICK (Diapheromera femorata) - OKLAHOMA - All stages caused heavy defolia-
tion of oaks (mainly black) in scattered areas of southern LeFlore County

Largest area (3 or 4 square miles) 5 miles south of Big Cedar, but 4 other smaller
areas found on State Highway 1 between U.S. 271 and U.S. 259. Defoliation up to
100 percent. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

EASTERN SPRUCE GALL APHID (Adelges abietis) - WEST VIRGINIA - Infestation fifty
percent on 12 acre block of Norway spruce in Wetzel County, August 12,
@e Va. wins. Sun):

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 10 cases reported in U.S.
August 15-21 as follows: TEXAS - Kinney 1, Val Verde 1, Starr 1, Bowie 2,
Lampasas 1; ARKANSAS - Little River 4. (Anim. Health Div.).

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - IDAHO - Ranged from 100 to 300 per animal on

beef and dairy cattle herds in St. Anthony and Ashton, Fremont County, August 10.
(Peebles, Sutherland). TEXAS - Heavy on cattle in Trans-Pecos area. Ranged 300-
1,500 flies per animal from most counties. Populations generally increased in most
panhandle counties receiving recent rains. Populations increasing rapidly in
south-central area. (Neeb et al.). IOWA - Ranged 25-250 (averaged 112) per side

on untreated herd in Dallas County August 17. (Iowa Ins. Sur.).

MOSQUITOES - MINNESOTA - Light trap collections for week ending August 13

more than doubled. Aedes vexans accounted for 89 percent of 12,491 females
taken. Apparently aduItS blown in; no larvae of A, vexans in water to account
for large numbers. Of 230 larval collection, 135 were from tree holes. To date
over 400 water-containing tree holes found producing A. triseriatus. Eight
breeding sites of Culex tarsalis found. (Minn.-Pest Rpt.).OHIO - Five mosquito
traps in Franklin County on nights of August 9, 10, and 12 averaged 14.9
(range 1-42) females per trap per night. Species totals as follows: Aedes
vexans 78, Anopheles punctipennis 100, Culex spp. 36, C. restuans 9. (Ohio
Dept. of Health). oa et aa pS

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - WISCONSIN - Moderate to severe on cattle in
Adams, Columbia, Rock, Calumet, Sauk, Juneau, Kewaunee, and Dane Counties.
(Wis. Ins. Sur.). OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy on feedlot cattle checked in
Cimarron County.

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - MISSISSIPPI - Average of 5 per head on cattle in

2 herds in Monroe County. (Robinson). MARYLAND - Adults averaged 61 per head on

51 head of untreated Holsteins in Frederick County. (U. of Md. Ent. Dept.).

WISCONSIN - Severe annoyance to cattle in parts of Columbia, Sauk, Iron and

Juneau Counties. Elsewhere, light to moderate. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). IOWA - Ranged 10-30
(averaged 19) per face on untreated cattle on pasture in Dallas County August 17. (lowa
Tims, Suk,

AMERICAN DOG TICK (Dermacentor variabilis) -~ ALABAMA - Numerous specimens
taken from cow with fever at Marion, Perry County. Collected by M.I. Crawford
(McQueen) . :

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

A BRACONID (Lysiphlebus testaceipes) - COLORADO - Beginning to build up in
sorghum where Schizaphis graminum (greenbug) populations heavy (Schweissing).

- 624 -

OKLAHOMA - Parasitized about 15 percent of greenbugs on sorghum checked in
Cimarron County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

A EULOPHID WASP (Tetrastichus incertus) - OHIO - Specimens recovered from Guern-
sey and Coshocton Counties on August 6. These are new county records. (Flessel).

BIG EYED BUGS (Geocoris spp.) - WASHINGTON - G. pallens and G. bullatus up to
12-15 per sweep in alfalfa seed fields with selective insecticide program in
Lowden and Touchet area, Walla Walla County. (Johansen).

A LADY BEETLE (Stethorus sp.) - COLORADO - Numerous in many cornfields heavily
infested with Oligonychus pratensis (Banks grass mite) in Arkansas Valley.
(Schweissing).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

EUROPEAN CRANE FLY (Tipula paludosa) - WASHINGTON - Observations in infested
areas near Blaine, Whatcom County, show late population development. Very little
pupation and no adult flights observed. (Rosander).

GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina fulica) - FLORIDA - One 3-inch and one 5-inch
snail taken in North Miami, Dade County, outside regulated area August 18 by
Spencer. Confirmed by R.J. Rybak. Initial survey of newly discovered infested
area resulted in finding 350 snails and 1,000 eggs within 2 infested blocks,
but no snails in surrounding blocks. Infestation centered around residence at
1931 N.W. 88th Terrace August 19. (Fla. Coop. Sur.). "New" infestation

aeeay 30 blocks south and 15 blocks west of regulated area of North Miami.
(Mead).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - VERMONT - Male flight continues in Chittenden and
Addison Counties. (Nielsen). NEW YORK - Adult trapped at Manchester, Ontario
County; at Big Flats, Chemung County; at Constantia, Oswego County; at Dix,
Schuyler County; at Hornby, Steuben County; and at Mt. Morris, Livingston

County. These are first collections. Adults (3) collected at Penfield, Monroe
County and 2 adults collected at Seneca Falls, Seneca County. Monroe and Seneca
are new county records. VIRGINIA - Adults trapped in Independent City of

Virginia Beach; at Lynchburg, Campbell County; and at Marion, Smyth County.

These are first collections. NORTH CAROLINA - Single male trapped in West Hender-
son, Vance County for first time. Determinations by E.L. Todd. (PPD).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia aponica) - KENTUCKY - Adults trapped at Campton,
Wolfe County; in Magoffin ERTS at Liberty, Morgan County; at Booneville,
Owsley County; and at South Jackson, Breathitt County. These are first collec-
tions. Determinations by R.D. Gordon. (PPD) .

MORMON CRICKET (Anabrus simplex) - UTAH - During period ending August 12, damage
moderate on 450 acres of wheatgrass and sage in Juab County. No migration
observed (Judd). MONTANA - Counts of 3 per square yard in alfalfa field in
Flathead Indian Reservation west of Polson, Lake County. (Forsyth).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA - Sterile moths released
August 19-25 by county: Tulare re 000 and Kern 5,349,000. Total for 1971
season to date 61,322,750. (PPD). ARIZONA - Currently under control. Small
field found with up to 30 percent infestation, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop.
Sur.). NEW MEXICO - During past 14 days 9 adults found in 10 hexalure traps

at Carlsbad, Eddy County. (Mathews). Boll examination in extreme southern

Dona Ana County revealed one larva. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).

WESTERN GRAPELEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - CALIFORNIA - Infestation
on Klamath River and Highway 99 received eradication treatment in Siskiyou
County. Results of 2 intensive surveys negative outside of core area. (Cal.
Coop. Rpt.).

- 625 -

WHITEFRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - ALABAMA - Adults leaf feeding on
peanuts and other plants throughout Henry, Houston, Geneva, and other
counties. Ranged 1-5 per 3 row feet in one soybean field in Geneva County.
Foliage damage to peanuts serious on 2 farms in Western Coffee County and
several fields in Houston County; controls applied. (Stephenson et al.).

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

General Vegetables - LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) mines heavy in small
planting of Snap beans at Pearl City, Oahu. Mines moderate in 60 percent of
leaves in 1,000 square foot of green onions at Koko Head; light in 25 percent of
leaves in similar host in adjacent planting. (Au, Kawamura). Larvae of CABBAGE
WEBWORM (Hellula rogatalis) trace in 5,000 square foot planting of daikon
(Raphanus Sativus longipinnatus); moderate to heavy 65-80 percent of plants
infested in small plantings of kai choi (Brassica juncea) at Koko Head, Oahu.
SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) nymphs and adults light in small back-
yard planting of long beans at Ewa, Oahu; 20 percent of adults bore eggs of
Trichopoda pennipes (ga tachina fly). (Kumashiro et al.).

Forest and Shade Trees - Larval populations of a MONKEYPOD KIAWE CATERPILLAR
(Melipotis indomita) and MONKEYPOD MOTH (Polydesma umbricola): On Oahu, appear
to be declining and most monkeypod trees apparently recovered from earlier attack.
Melipotis indomita moderate under bark of few monkeypod trees, with denuded
Canopies at Kapiolani Park. LIGHT BROWN APPLE MOTH (Epiphyas postvittana):

larvae light in 200+ acres of Pinus spp. at Polipoli, Maui; feeding apparently
causing sporadic dieback of P. taeda terminals. A EURASIAN PINE APHID (Pineus
Pini): Moderate on Pinus plants at Pulehu, Wailuku, Kahului, and Makawao, Maui;
Pinus spp. in forests in these areas remain uninfested. (Miyahira).

General Pests - All stages of a LEAFHOPPER (Opsius stactogalus) heavy in 200 foot
hedge of Tamarix aphylla at Eleele, Kauai; caused severe russeting of foliage.
(Sugawa).

Beneficial Insects - Percentage internodes of Tribulus terrestris and T. cistoides
found to be infested or damaged by a PUNCTUREVINE STEM WEEVIL (Microlarinus
lypriformis);: 82 at Puunene and Maalaea (239 internodes examined); 84 at Lahaina,
Kihei, and Waikapu, Maui, (183 internodes examined) respectively. (iiiyahira) .
MELASTOMA BORER (Selca brunella) infested 39 percent of fruits, 16 percent of
terminals of Indian rhododendron (Melastoma malabathricum) at various areas on
Hawaii. (Yoshioka). AN ENCYRTID WA Aphycus mexicanus) emerged from Ceroplastes
cirripediformis (barnacle scale) infesting fiddlewood (Citharexylum spinosum) at
Hawaii Kai, Oahu. About 85 percent determined this species; 15 percent _
Coccidoxenus mexicanus. (Kawamura).

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POSTAGE & FEES PAID
d States Department of Agriculturé

0004 USENLINATA122 03001 OOO01
US ENTOMOLOGY LIBRARY DEPT
ENTOM NATIONAL MUSEUM
WASHINGTON DC 20560

4 ,
|

cS EPI

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 September 3, 1971 Number 36

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

CORN EARWORM moths increased on Eastern Shore of Maryland. Larvae damaged corn
in Kentucky. Building up in South Carolina; economic on soybeans. Moths heavy
in Arkansas. (p. 629).

FALL ARMYWORM damaged sorghum in Oklahoma. (p. 630).

BOLLWORMS heavy on cotton in west Tennessee. Major problem in Avra Valley of
Arizona. Moths increased in delta counties of Mississippi. (pp. 631-632).

BOLL WEEVIL damaged cotton in Oklahoma. Increased in west Tennessee. Heavy in
south and central Alabama. (p. 632).

CABBAGE LOOPER outbreak on cotton in Cochise County, Arizona. (p. 632).

Detection

TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE reported for the first time in South Dakota for a new State
record, (p. 632).

For new county records see page 633.

Special Reports
Distribution of Purplebacked Cabbageworm. Map. (p. 638).

Bibliography on Imported Fire Ant (pp. 639-652).

Reports in this issue are for week ending August 27 unless otherwise indicated.

= 627 =

= 628 -

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional Significance. ...ccccccccccccvcvcscccccccccsecescec0n9
Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane............630 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.....632
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland......ececseO0l BeanS and PeaS...sscccccccccccee e030
Forage LEGUMES. «cic chele elelelale eletel chelelels cielo COMSICrOPSisteietetate a ciel clclelelcreselceleleterel Occ
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PEALUTS sie) cicicleiel elelelel ole elcjolelelatelevoleleleieie oreo: Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.......634
COT TOMMerelerciote olelelciolelevalelevelelecieleloleleteloheietel ore Forest and Shade Trees..........634
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Lichte Trap, CoslecEOnS cs ctejsrelereicress eteke oleic sfeloieleicinteloketo! oke)s) el olaleloletiovolelesekerelesoie! dlotal clei leita en
Distriibution,.of Purplebacked’ Cabbageworm\.; Mapics <istejejsile clele clele cvcvclcrojcic/ele c cieleleleieleione oe
Bibliography on Imported’ Fire Antics chee oclc clcleisie elsiclele clei clele] clelelelelolaiec chek! sloleloiolonerenene ered

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING AUGUST 30

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data
Service, NOAA,

HIGHLIGHTS: Temperatures averaged near normal over most of the Nation. Tropical
Storm Doria, drenched the Atlantic coast late in the week.

PRECIPITATION: Lines of thunderstorms marched across the Great Lake region to
New England early in the week. In the Chicago, Illinois, area some of the thunder-
storms were accompanied by strong winds, hail, and heavy showers. A tornado near
Naperville about 30 miles west of Chicago destroyed 2 residences. Winds at Lake
Forest, northwest of Chicago gusted to 60 m.p.h. and hail up to 0.75 inch in
diameter accompanied strong winds. Other thunderstorms dotted the southwest
central Rocky Mountains and Gulf States. Over 2 inches of rain fell in spots
north of Abiliene, Texas, and some localities near the Gulf of Mexico from Texas
to Florida, received over 1 inch of rain late Tuesday and early Wednesday.
Tropical Storm Doria, moved northward along the Atlantic coast late in the week,
soaking most areas with 4 to more than 6 inches of rain. Trenton, New Jersey,
received 6.05 inches Friday. The weekly total at Trenton was 8.09 inches. Winds
associated with Tropical Storm Doria were generally about 60 m.p.h., but gusts
occasionally approached hurricane speed. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, recorded

74 m.p.h. gusts and Bridgeport, Connecticut, 75 m.p.h. gusts. Doria lost much

of her energy as she moved across New England Saturday. Flooding and wind damage
were widespread but pleasant weather returned to most of Northeast by Sunday.

A new tropical depression moved westward across the Florida Peninsula Sunday
night. This depression is about 100 miles west of Tampa.

Weather of the week continued on page 636.

= 1629)5—

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - NORTH DAKOTA - Larvae averaged 1 per square
foot in storm damaged oatfield near Des Lacas in Ward County. About 90 percent
of leaves stripped in regrowth oats in late milk stage. (Brandvik).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - OKLAHOMA - Ranged 3-4 per head of sorghum in Caddo
County. Moderate to heavy in late sorghum in Cotton, Tillman, and Okmulgee
Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Ranged 0-12 (averaged 4) per 25 ears in
8 cornfields in Hamilton, Merrick, Nance, and Howard Counties. (Berogan).
MICHIGAN - Limited adult collections on August 21, 22 at Lenawee blacklight
station. Growers can expect larval problems soon, especially when fresh silk
exposed. Expect increase until killing frost. Late crops should be watched.
(Laughlin). DELAWARE - Adults 32 per night in blacklight traps in Sussex County,
and larvae averaged 2 per ear in untreated sweet corn. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz).
MARYLAND - Moths increasing in light traps on Eastern Shore. Ear infestation
ranged 14-26 percent in processing corn in Queen Annes County. (U. Md., Ent.
Dept.). VIRGINIA - Subeconomic in most sorghum in Dinwiddie, Sussex, Greenville,
Isle of Wight, and Nansemond Counties. Larvae very light in Greenville, Sussex,
Southampton, Isle of Wight, and Nansemond Counties peanuts. Larvae subeconomic

on soybeans in Nansemond, Sussex, Southampton, Isle of Wight, and Prince George
Counties. (Allen). KENTUCKY - Larvae damaged corn in Logan County. Feeding in
whorls and ears. Larvae averaged 4.5 per 10 plants. (Barnett). SOUTH CAROLINA -
Building up in most counties, especially those in middle and southern areas.
Economic populations on soybeans reached in many areas. Heavy on unprotected
sweet corn statewide. (Thomas). TENNESSEE - Surveys in west area soybeans
negative; pod development in most fields almost to stage where beans become very
attractive to egg laying and to stage where pods will support damaging population.
Counts continue heavy in blacklight traps in west areas and increase expected for
next generation. (Gordon). ARKANSAS - Gradually increasing in soybeans. Currently
moth flights heavy, expect larval increase in soybeans. With good moisture in
most areas, cotton will not "cutout" as rapidly. This should keep moths divided
between 2 crops. In Lonoke and Prairie Counties, larvae 10 per 30 row feet. In
Desha County, heaviest count 62 per 30 row feet. Infestations in only a small
percentage of fields. (Boyer).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - OKLAHOMA - Still heavy on late sorghum
in Cotton and Tillman Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MAINE - Generally light.
Adult and larvae of several species of lady beetles present and up to 1 larva
per 5 plants. Last week populations of R. maidis very heavy in one field. Same
field this period showed sharp decrease in populations with 25 percent of those
on plants parasitized and many infested by fungus. (Gall).

HORNWORMS (Manduca spp.) - TENNESSEE - Larvae 3 per 10 stalks, indicates some
damage expected even though larvae small (second or third instar) and harvesting
of tobacco noted in Franklin County. (Cagle). OHIO - M. sexta (tobacco hornworm)
in Adams County, averaged 0.15 per tobacco plant. Individual field averages as
high as 0.45 per plant. Up to 45 percent of plants sampled showed damage. Ten to
25 percent of individual leaves eaten. (Andress). ARIZONA - M. sexta larvae
Seeegene chili peppers in few fields at McNeal, Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop.
Suri.

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - TEXAS - Light in Trans-Pecos area, less than 50
per plant in most fields. Populations in High Plains reduced by beneficial
insects. Damaging infestations not reported in Amarillo area, Potter County.
(Neeb, Clymer). ARKANSAS - Specimens collected in Randolph County, August 16.
eee = a new county record. Moderate, 0-500 per plant in Washington County.
Boyer).

POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - MISSOURI - Light to moderate, 18-120 per
10 sweeps of alfalfa in Southwest area. (Munson). MARYLAND - Averaged 50 per
sweep in 15 acres of alfalfa in Queen Annes County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

- 630 -

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NEBRASKA - First to fourth instar
larvae averaged 11.1 per corn plant in 8 fields in Hamilton, Merrick, Nance, and
Howard Counties. Egg masses averaged less than 1 per 5 plants. (Berogan).
WISCONSIN - Moth catches heavy until night of August 22, and cool weather reduced
activity. Egg counts below 10 per 100 plants in most sweet corn. Second-generation
larvae light in southwestern sweet corn. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). INDIANA - Counts of
first-generation larvae indicate infestations 1.5 times as great in 1971 as in
1970, statewide. (Huber). MICHIGAN - Blacklight collections 100+ at Lenawee,
Monroe, Montcalm, and Ottawa County stations. Egg laying and larval activity
continues. Controls necessary on susceptible crops until frost. (Laughlin).

OHIO - Second-generation larvae in bases of midribs of field corn in southern
areas. (Andress). DELAWARE - Adults 128 per night in blacklight trap at Bridgeville,
Sussex County. Infestations in untreated sweet peppers averaged 22 percent with 5
fresh egg masses per 10 plants on August 26 at Bridgeville. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz).
MARYLAND - Larval infestations ranged 20-84 percent in corn in late silk stage in
Queen Annes County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Numerous moths emerged in
Nansemond County area during past few weeks. Watch sorghum crop. (Roberts,

Allen). MISSISSIPPI - Third-generation egg laying underway in Marshall County.
Populations in corn moderate to heavy. (Davis).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - TEXAS - Moderate to heavy in Trans-Pecos
area; larvae 1-2 per Sorghum plant whorl. This species and Heliothis zea (corn
earworm) still present in High Plains area. Most infestations ranged Tight to
medium. (Neeb, Clymer). OKLAHOMA - Reported damaging sorghum heads in Jackson,
Kiowa, and Washita Counties. Moderate to heavy in late sorghum in Okmulgee County
and continues heavy in late corn in Tillman County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TENNESSEE -
Damaging late corn and milo in Coffee County. (Williams). MARYLAND - Increased.
Watch late-planted field corn statewide. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Larvae collected for
first time near Oral, Fall River County, August 12, 1971. Determined by G.P.
Sutter. Second and third instar larvae taken in association with corn cobs in
ditch-irrigated corn. In 200-acre field on August 18, 5-8 percent of plants
surveyed showed 1-3 second to fourth instar larvae. Previous to these collections
only moths recovered in State. (Jones).

SORGHUM WEBWORM (Celama sorghiella) - TENNESSEE - Counts of 4-5 per head in sorghum
in Tipton County. Sorghum in dough stage and some damage expected. (H.D. Gordon).

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - COLORADO - Adults light to moderate
in Montrose, Delta, Mesa, and Garfield Counties. Heavy in fields and some controls
applied. (Bulla). UTAH - Damage severe to 30 acres of corn in Box Elder County
(Knowlton, Lindsey); also damaged corn in portions of Cache County. (Knowlton,
Burningham) .

NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) - TENNESSEE - Abundant on corn
in Coffee County for a new county record. No damage reported. Continues to damage
corn in Morgan County. (Williams).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - OKLAHOMA - Very heavy in late sorghum in
Wagoner County field. Destroyed 99 percent of grain in some heads. (Okla. Coop.
Sure).

SPIDER MITES - UTAH - Unspecified species discoloring corn foliage in Weber County
(Boyer); treated 4,532 acres of corn in Utah County as of August 20 (Horne); much
control applied in Sevier County. (Roberts). ;

= 631 =

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus leucopterus) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Heavy and some
lawn damage in Clemson area, Pickens County. (Miller). MAINE - Reports of lawn
injury continue; invading homes in southern and central areas. (Gall).

TWOLINED SPITTLEBUG (Prosapia bicincta) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Unusually heavy, 287
spittle masses per square yard on lawns in 6 city-block-area of Myrtle Beach,
Horry County. (McKee).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - ALABAMA - Larvae damaged Coastal Bermuda
grass in Geneva County field. (Reynolds).

A NOCTUID MOTH (Agrotis ducens) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Moths 30 in blacklight trap at
Newington, Rockingham County. (Schaefer).

FORAGE LEGUMES

WESTERN YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera praefica) - NEVADA - All larval
instars averaged 1 per sweep of alfalfa in Stillwater area, Churchill County.
(Hilbig).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - UTAH - Required controls in some Wayne County
alfalfa fields, moderate in Piute County. (Chapman).

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - UTAH - Adults numerous; some larval damage in
Wayne and Piute Counties. (Chapman).

A LYGUS BUG (Lygus hesperus) - NEVADA - Adults ranged 35-60 per sweep in 450
acres of alfalfa in Humboldt County. (Stitt).

ALFALFA SEED CHALCID (Bruchophagus roddi) - TEXAS - Moderate to heavy in alfalfa
seed fields in Ward and Pecos Counties. (Neeb).

LEAFMINER FLIES - VERMONT - Unspecified species prevalent in alfalfa. Spread and
increase in numbers occurred in last few years. Despite apparent off color and
injury, insect does not affect yield or quality. (Nielsen).

SOYBEANS

VELETBEAN CATERPILLAR (Anticaria gemmatalis) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Larvae 3 per
Square yard, caused 5 percent foliar [oss to 6 acres of soybeans in Marion County.
Similar damage noted in other fields where specimens could not be found. (Pate).

PEANUTS

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - TEXAS - Light in counties

near Stephenville. Populations which exceed economic thresholds found in irrigated
fields near De Leon and in dryland field near Gorman. Infestations needing
insecticidal treatment also reported in Hill County. Medium in Motley County.
(Hoelscher, Pallmeyer).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 3 per linear foot of
peanuts in Love County. Some fields sprayed. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

COTTON

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - ARIZONA - H. zea major problem in Avra Valley, Pima
County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). OKLAHOMA - Damage averaged 5 percent in treated cotton
and 30 percent in untreated cotton in Grady County. Damage ranged 5-15 percent

in fields in Marshall, Stephens, Jefferson, and Tillman Counties. Moderate in
Washita and Bryan Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). LOUISIANA - In Madison Parish,
infestations ranged 1-3 (averaged 1.3) percent in 75 of 122 plots, larvae found

- 632 -

in 25 plots. Damaged bolls in 75 of 119 plots. Moth flights increased; expect
problems in September. In light trap, collected 363 H. zea and 6 H. virescens.
(Cleveland et al.). MISSISSIPPI - In delta counties, H. zea moth collections
increased in light traps. Heavier than in corresponding week past 2 years. Eggs
still abundant in attractive fields. Damaged squares averaged 1.45 (maximum 9)
percent in 16 of 21 fields. (Pfrimmer et al.). TENNESSEE - Continues very serious
threat throughout cotton-growing area. Infestations very heavy. All stages of
larvae found in late cotton. As high as 75 larvae or eggs per 100 terminals in
one field in Hardeman County. Control in order in most late cotton. Appears to

be worst year for larval damage since survey started in 1950. (Locke). ALABAMA -
Moth flights continue heavy in south and central areas and increased in north
areas. Egg laying heavy, 5-100 per 100 stalks in many south and central fields.
(McQueen) . SOUTH CAROLINA - In Florence County, remains lighter than 1970.
Collected 644 H. zea and 2 H. virescens in light trap this period. (Tait, etal).

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - OKLAHOMA - Very heavy near overwintering areas
in Washita, Caddo, Kiowa, and Greer Counties. Some fields treated 6 times and
still show heavy damage, as much as 100 percent. Ranged 2-50 percent in Tillman
County with higher counts in untreated fields. Ranged 10-15 percent in Stephens
and Jefferson Counties, 10-25 percent in Marshall County, and 5-10 percent in
Love County. Heavy in Bryan County and moderate in Garvin and Cleveland Counties.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). LOUISIANA - In Madison Parish, no weevils recovered from
sticky traps. Punctured squares ranged 2-60 (averaged 23) percent in 122 plots.
(Cleveland et al.). MISSISSIPPI - Still threat to cotton throughout State. In
delta counties, infestations spotty; control underway in most areas. (Robinson).
In delta counties, punctured squares averaged 12.4 (maximum 65) percent in 16 of
21 fields. Third-generation weevils emerging. No weevils recovered in pheromone-—
baited wing traps. (Pfrimmer et al.). TENNESSEE - Continues to increase in west
areas with another "hatchout" occurring. Damaging infestations present throughout
cotton-growing area. Infestations of 60-80 percent punctured squares in some of
northern counties common. Small boll damage in late cotton considered heavy.
Control difficult due to rank cotton and heavy migration. Eight weevils observed
in one bloom in Hardeman County. (Locke). ALABAMA - Adults heavy throughout south
and central areas and Tennessee River Valley area. Controls general and effective.
"Hatchouts" continuous and overlapping. Weather conditions continue favorable
for weevil development. (McQueen). SOUTH CAROLINA - In Florence County,
infestations increasing; migrations decreasing. (Taft et al.).

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ARIZONA - Outbreaks requiring controls at
McNeal and San Simon, Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Problem in some fields at San Simon,
Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

COTTON LEAFWORM (Alabama argillacea) - OKLAHOMA - Light to moderate in cotton in
Okmulgee County. First report of year. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

WHITEFLIES - TENNESSEE - Undetermined species heavier than usual. Some damage
observed in one field in Fayette County. First year observed heavy enough to
cause damage in this area. (Locke).

SUGAR BEETS

GARDEN SYMPHYLAN (Scutigerella immaculata) - UTAH - Reinfested and damaged sugar
beets in 32-acre field in Farr West area of Weber County. (Dorst).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Specimens collected
at Forestburg, Sanborn County, by H.C. Severin on June 23, 1944. Determined by
E.U. Balsbaugh. This is a new State record. New county records include: Caly
(1946), Gregory (1950), Roberts (1952), Brookings (1958), and Yankton (1959).
(Jones).

- 633 -

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OHIO - Larvae ranged 10-15 per tomato
plant; damaged fruit on 30-acre field in Sandusky County. (Sleesman).

A WHITEFLY (Aleyrodes spiraeoides) - CALIFORNIA - Counts of 8 per leaf of bell
pepper plants in 60-acre field at Selma, Fresno County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

BEANS AND PEAS

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - FLORIDA - Damage economic to
25-30 percent of commercial acreage of southern peas near De Funiak Springs,
Walton County (Thomaston). No controls expected due to lack of effectiveness at
this late date. (Brogdon).

COLE CROPS

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - MICHIGAN - Additional blacklight collections
at most stations indicate chemical controls from now to end of season vital for
marketable crop. (Laughlin).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

ASPARAGUS APHID (Brachycolus asparagi) - NEW JERSEY - Stunted asparagus brush
noted near Clarksboro, Gloucester County, injury heavier near edge of field near
woods. Heavy near Hurffville. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.).

DETECTION

New State Record - TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix hirtipennis) SOUTH DAKOTA -
Sanborn County. (p. 632).

New County Records - GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) ARKANSAS - Randolph (p. 629).
GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) PENNSYLVANIA - Franklin (p. 635). JAPANESE BEETLE
(Popillia japonica) TENNESSEE - Weakley (p. 635): NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM
(Diabrotica longicornis) TENNESSEE - Coffee (p. 630). TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE
(Epitrix hirtipennis) SOUTH DAKOTA - Caly, Gregory, Roberts, Brookings, Yankton
(Pp. 632).

CORRECTIONS

CEIR 21(28):497 - GRASS BUGS - WASHINGTON ... delete note. (PPD).

CEIR 21(30):529 - APPLE MAGGOT (Rhagoletis pomonella) - MINNESOTA - "Adults
reported in two locations in Lake Minnetonka area and at New Ulm." should read
" ... Lake Minnetonka area and at Sleepy Eye." No flies reported at New Ulm as
of July 22. (Minn. Ins. Rpt.).

CEIR 21(35):616 - SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - MARYLAND -
-.- Should read SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - ALABAMA .(PPD),

- 634 -

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

WALNUT HUSK FLY (Rhagoletis completa) - OREGON - Now established in western
Washington County. To:date total of 39 adults recovered in Frick traps located
in Scholls and Hazeldale areas. First adults trapped at these sites on

August 9. (Anderson, Penrose).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - NEBRASKA - One of heaviest second genera-
tions statewide on record. (Keith).

VARIABLE OAK LEAF CATERPILLAR (Heterocampa manteo) - NORTH DAKOTA - Defolia-
tion heavy in Fort Totten area of Benson County. Several areas of basswood, oak
and elm trees 100 percent defoliated. Larvae ranged 0.5-1.5 inches long with
most larvae nearly full grown. In Killdeer Mountain area in Dunn County,
defoliation not as severe. Birch and buroak defoliated in this area. Paper birch
trees severely defoliated in 1970 did not leaf out completely in 1971.
(Brandvik).

J

LOCUST LEAF MINER (Xenochalepus dorsalis) - KENTUCKY - Infestation as high as 90
percent in Barren, Hardin, Nelson and Warren Counties locust. (Barnett).

MAN AND ANIMALS

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) -— OHIO - Averaged 194 on backs of beef cattle in
Noble County. (Pratt). NEBRASKA - Averaged 500 per head on untreated range cattle
vastured near North Platte in Lincoln County. (Campbell). COLORADO - Increasing
on range cattle in eastern areas; up to 800 per animal noted. (Hantsbarger).
OKLAHOMA - Ranged 300-350 per head on cattle in Payne County and 300-500 in
Marshall County. Heavy in Garvin and Garfield Counties and moderate in Craig and
Cleveland Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Heavy on cattle in Trans-—Pecos
area. Heavy on cattle in Throckmorton, Stephens and Wilbarger Counties.

(Neeb, Boring).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - WISCONSIN - Moderate in most counties. Severe
annoyance to cattle reported in Sauk and Calumet Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).
NEBRASKA - Averaged 20 per leg on untreated feed lot animals near North Platte,
Lincoln County. (Campbell).

MOSQUITOES - MINNESOTA - Light trap catch of females for week ending August 20
totaled 6,660, little more than 50 percent number taken week before.

Aedes vexans accounted for 85 percent of catch, A. vexans dominant in larval
and bite collections. Heavy rains which occurred August 18 in northern half of
district resulted in high population densities of larvae, especially in run-off
areas such as roadside ditches. Some increase in mosquito numbers in district
may occur, especially if winds from north. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) OHIO - Adults averaged 23.2 per head observed on

beef cattle in Noble County. (Pratt). WISCONSIN - Very heavy numbers annoying
cattle in portions of Sauk, Bayfield, Iron, Adams, and Chippewa Counties.

Reports indicate numbers low in other counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). NORTH DAKOTA -
Flies 20 per face noted on range cattle in Dunn County. Economic infestations not
widespread this season, (Brandvik). NEBRASKA - Ranged 15-20 per head on range
cattle near North Platte, Lincoln County. Treatment has had little effect in most
cases. (Campbell).

BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Total of 43 collected from
home at Ragland in St. Clair County. (Weaver).

- 635 -

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

GRASSHOPPERS - MINNESOTA —- Adults light in the northwest district. Highest count
10 per square yard. In south-central district, one small alfalfa field near
woods had estimated 90 per square yard. One area in Freeborn County, 45-55 per
square yard in field margin. In west-central district, populations generally
low, In east-central and central districts economic, ranged 12-25 per square
yard, Economic in Anoka, Sherburne, Stearns, Todd, and Kanidyohi Counties.
(Minn, Pest Rpt.). COLORADO - About 900,000 acres of private, State, and
Forest Service rangeland infested in southeastern areas. (Watson). NEVADA -
Adults of Melanoplus sanguinipes and M. bivittatus range 5-8 per square yard

in alfalfa near Battle Mountain, Lander County. (Martinelli, Rowe). NORTH
DAKOTA - Adult survey completed with scattered infestations (2 rating) in parts
of McLean, Sheridan, Ward, McHenry, Pierce, Bottineau, Benson, Pembina, Grand
Forks, and Walsh Counties. Infestations mainly in alfalfa and weedy roadsides.
Melanoplus bivittatus, M. sanguinipes and M. femurrubrum dominant. (Brandvik,

Grasser) .

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - PENNSYLVANIA - Single male moths trapped in
Blair, Crawford, Elk, Cameron, Clinton, and Warren Counties for the first time.
Four moths trapped in Franklin County for a new county record, VIRGINIA - Single
male moths trapped in Roanoke and Mecklenberg Counties. (PPD).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - OHIO - Adult beetles reported from
Auglaize County. (Ohio Dept. of Agr.). INDIANA - Adults taken in pheromone traps
in Steuben, Parke, and Sullivan Counties. (Favinger). TENNESSEE - Trapped 10
adults at Greenfield, Weakley County. Earlier one adult trapped, but not con-
sidered an infestation. Undetermined area of Greenfield now considered infested.
This is a new county record. One adult trapped at I-40 rest stop in Dickson
County. No infestation known to occur in county. (Gordon).

MORMON CRICKET (Anabrus simplex) - MONTANA - Counts of 1 per square yard near
Hobson, Judith Basin County, and Forsyth, Rosebud County. (Pratt).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - ARIZONA - Several hundred acres
treated at Safford, Graham County. No buildup pattern observed at Avra Valley,
Pima County, as in previous years. Larvae found at Bowie, Cochise County.
(Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CALIFORNIA - Boll infestations 50-55 percent in Imperial
Valiey, Imperial County; 36.8 percent in Coachella Valley, Riverside County;
6.3 percent in Palo Verde Valley under planned insecticide program; 2.0 percent
in Needles, San Bernardino County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.)

SWEETPOTATO WEEVIL (Cylas formicarius elegantulus) - FLORIDA - Few and
scattered (estimated 5 percent infestation) on 840 50-pound bags of Cuban sweet-
potatoes (boniata) at Perrine, Dade County August 9. (Knowles). Control
requested. (Fla. Coop. Sur.).

- 636 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Turf and Pasture -— GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) adults trace, 1-4
per 10 sweeps, in mixed stand of grass at Kaneohe and Mililani, Oahu. Light trap
collections increased as follows: May, 35; June, 62; July, 81. On Maui, adults
moderate in 10 acres of Kikuyu grass pasture at Ulupalakua; larvae nil. All
stages nil in pastures at Haiku and Waihee. (Au et al.).

Fruits and Nuts - Moderate to heavy damage by larvae of a Noctuid Moth,
Phlegetonia delatrix to about 50 percent of leaves on 50+ Java plum (Eugenia
Cuminii) at Haiku and Wailuku, Maui. At Manoa, Oahu, young leaves on Several
backyard mountain apple (E. malaccensis) trees heavily damaged. (Ah Sam,
Kashiwai).

Ornamentals - Heavy damage by a NARROW WINGED KATYPID (Elimaea punctifera) noted
to commercial planting of anthurium flowers cultured under tree fern (Cibotium
chamissoi); as many as 80 (average 60) percent of lowers damaged by oviposition
or feeding; commercial plantings under Saran averayed 5 percent damage at Pahoa,
Hawaii. Oviposition noted on leaves of this host plant and citrus leaves in
adjoining fields. Leaves, flowers, and young fruits of citrus plants heavily
damaged by feeding. (Shigenaga).

Forest and Shade Trees - All stages of an EURASIAN PINE APHID (Pineus pini)
heavy on one Pinus sp. bonsai at Makawao, Maui. At Olinda, Kahului, and Wailuku,
chemical treatment during past month unsatisfactory. At Monoa, Oahu, infested
Pinus spp. noted at about 10 percent of all homes surveyed. Infested plants
treated. (Miyahira, Kashiwai). Hundreds of larvae of a MONKEYPOD KIAWE CATER-
PILLAR (Melipotis indomita) infested single large kiawe (Prosopis pallida) tree
at Mt. Tantalus, Oahu; numerous larvae noted under ground cover planting of
Wedelia trilobata. On Oahu, light trap catches indicate steady decline of
adults as follows: May, 446; June, 208; July, 125. Expect increase in trap
collections during next few months; 1970 records show a peak in September.
(Rose). A PIT SCALE (Asterolecanium pustulans) moderate to heavy on 2 of 7
Erythrina trees at Waialae, Oahu; as many as 136 scales per 3 inch, pencil-
Sized branches. About 11 percent of scales parasitized by Metaphycus
portoricensis (an encyrtid wasp). (Kawamura).

Weather of the week continued from page 628.

TEMPERATURE: The weekly mean temperatures averaged slightly above normal west

of the Rocky Mountains over the western edge of northern and central Great

Plains and along the eastern portion of the gulf coast. The high-pressure areas,
one over the Pacific Northwest and the other over the Great Lakes spread fair
skies and early autumn temperatures from the Pacific coast to New England.

Some northern localities were 15-20° cooler Monday morning than 24 hours earlier.
The temperature at Marquette, Michigan, was 46° Monday and 64° Sunday. Cool
weather did not reach South Dakota until a day later. Numerous stations in South
Dakota registered 100° or higher Monday. Pierre recorded 106° Monday. Maximums

in South Dakota Tuesday were generally in the 80's and 84° at Pierre. Freezing
weather occurred in the high Rockies and at some northern locations. Big Piney
Wyoming, registered 26°, Yellowstone, Montana, 32°, and Pellston, Michigan, 32°
Tuesday morning. A warming trend occurred over much of the Nation late in the
week. Miles City, Montana, registered 100° and Minot, North Dakota, 101°

Saturday afternoon. Maximums over the Northeast held mostly in 60's and low and
middle 70's Friday, due to cloudiness and rain associated with Tropical Storm
Doria. The Northeast warmed to near or above 80° by Sunday. The maximum exceeded
100° every day in the southwestern deserts, reaching 107° at Imperial, California,
Wednesday and Thermal and Blythe Sunday.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY ON IMPORTED FIRE ANT
(Solenopsis saevissima richteri Forel)

Adrouny, G. A., Derbes, V. J. and Jung, R. C. 1959. Isolation of a hemolytic
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Agrichemical West. 1970. Fight fire ant. Agrichem. West 13(1):19.
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Allen, R. H., Jr. 1958. History of the imported fire ant in the southeast. Ann.
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Annual report--1963. Ga. Agr. Expt. Sta. Fire ant bait, mirex is safe for
wildlife.

Arant, F. S. and Eden, W. G. 1949. Control of the imported fire ant. Prog. Rpt.
Ser. No. 42. (Ala. Agr. Expt. Sta.). 2 pp.

Arant, F. S., Hays, K. L., and Speake, D. W. 1958. Facts about the imported fire
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Solenopsis saevissima v. richteri

Ayers, E. L. 1954. Fire ant survey and control. Fla. State Plant Board Bien.
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Baker, M. F. 1958. Observations of effects of an application of heptachlor or
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Baker, M. F. 1963. New fire ant bait. Highlights Agr. Res. (Ala. Agr. Expt. Sta.)
10(2) 3:16.
Solenopsis geminata
Mirex to control

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Baker, M. F. 1965. Mirex and bluegills at Marion, Alabama. U.S. Fish and Wildlife
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Banks, W. A., Lofgren, C. S., and Stringer, C. E., Jr. 1964. Laboratory evaluation
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Banks, W. A., Stringer, C. E., Jr., Barthel, W. F., and Lofgren, C. S. 1966.
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Banks, W. A. and Coauthors. 1970. Fur-ag ® :an alternate carrier for soybean
oil-mirex bait for control of the imported fire ant. J. Econ. Ent. 63(6):

UGIO-—1V9 9.

Barthel, W. F. and Lofgren, C. S. 1964. A comparison of some granular carriers
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Bani hel wil.) MUDDY Re Liev Mitchell aw. iG, and. Corley, (Co 1960.) The) fate) of

heptachlor in the soil following granular application to the surface. J. Agr.
and Food Chem. 8(6) :445-447.

= 63 9)i—

- 640 -

Bartlett, F. J. and Lofgren, C. S. 1961. Field studies with baits against
Solenopsis saevissima v. richteri, the imported fire ant. J. Econ. Ent.

Bartlett, F. J. and Lofgren, C. S. 1964. Control of a native fire ant, Solenopsis
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Bellinger, F., Dyer, R. E., King, R., and Platt, R. B. 1965. A review of the
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Bellomy, M. D. 1955. The terrible fire ant. Frontiers 19(4) :114-116.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Bennett, A. G. 1957. Imported fire ant control. Miss. Agr. Ext. Serv. Pub. 249.
6p.-folder. Revised.

Blake, G. H., Jr. 1956. Imported fire ant--on the march in Alabama. Highlights
Agr. Res. (Ala. Agr. Expt. Sta.). Ala. Polytech. Inst. 3(3):5.

Blake, G. H., Jr. and Eden, W. G. 1956. Imported fire ant control in Alabama.
Assoc. South. Agr. Workers Proc. 53:146.

Blake, G. H., Jr., Eden, W. G., and Hays, K. L. 1959. Residual effectiveness of
chlorinated hydrocarbons for control of the imported fire ant. J. Econ. Ent.
52(1) :1-3.

Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Blake, G. H. and Ruffin, W. A. 1957. Imported fire ants. Ala. Polytech. Inst.
Agr, Ext. Cir. S6., .6p.—folder,

Blasingame, W. E. 1955. Imported fire ant survey. Ann. Rpt. (Ga.) Dept. Ent. Bul.
106:13.

Blasingame, W. E. 1958. Georgia imported fire ant eradication program. Fla. Ent.
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Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Blum, M. S. and Callahan, P. S. 1960. Chemical and biological properties of the
venom of the imported fire ant (Solenopsis saevissima var. richteri Forel)
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11(3) :290-293.

Blum, M. S., Walker, J. R., Callahan, P. S., and Novak, A. F. 1958. Chemical,
insecticidal, and antibiotic properties of fire ant venom. Science 128(3319):
306-307.

Boock, O. J. and Gonzaga e. Lordello, L. 1952. Formiga "lava-pe," praga da
batatinha--Solanum tuberosum L. Rev. Agr. (Piracicaba). 27(11/12) :377-379.

Brannon, C. H. 1954. Imported fire ant. N.C. Dept. Agr. Bien. Rpt. 1952/54. p. 65.

Brian, M. V. 1951. Ant culture for laboratory experiment. Ent. Mon. Mag. 87(1044):
134-136.

Brown, R. 1966. The imported fire ant. Div. Plant Indus. (Fla.) Leaf. 1. 8p.-
folder.

Brown, W. L., Jr. 1961. Mass insect control programs; four case histories. Psyche
68:75-109,

Bruce, W. G. 1951. Summary of insect conditions in 1950. U.S. Dept. Agr. Ins. Pest
Survey p. 28. Map on opposite page.

- 641 -

Bruce, W. G., Coarsey, J. M., Jr., Smith, M. R., and Culpepper, G. H. 1949. Survey
of the imported fire ant, (Solenopsis saevissima var. richteri Forel). U.S.
Dept. Agr. Spec. Rpt. S-15. 25 pp. Unpublished.

Buckmaster, V. 1965. Fire ant States protest end of USDA eradication program. Agr.
Chem. 20(4) :48-49, 121-123, map.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Butler, P. A. 1963. Commercial fishery investigations. Pesticide wildlife studies
for 1963. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Serv. Cir. 199:5-28.

‘Callahan, P. S., Blum, M. S., and Walker, J. R. 1959. Morphology and histology of
the poison glands and sting of the imported fire ant. (Solenopsis saevissima
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Carneiro Riberio, J. H. 1954. Sobre a formiga ruiva e seu combate. Agronomia
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Caro, M. R., Derbes, V. J., and Jung, R. 1957. Skin responses to the sting of the
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Cavill, G. W. K. and Robertson, P. L. 1965. Ant venoms, attractants, and repel-
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sp.

Clark, S. W. 1931. The control of fire ants in the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Texas
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Solenopsis geminata

Clarkson, M. R. 1958. Progress in pest control. Farm Chem, 121(1) :46.

Clawson, S. G. and Baker, M. F. 1959. Immediate effects of dieldrin and heptachlor
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Clinton, D. 1958. How to control the imported fire ant. Milk Prod. 23(8):14, 22.

Cockerham, K. L. and Clower, D. F. 1957. Get rid of the imported fire ant. La.
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Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Crance, J. H. 1965. Fish kills in Alabama ponds after swarms of the imported fire
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Solenopsis saevissima richteri

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- 642 -

Crowell, H. H. 1963. Control of the western harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex
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Culpepper, G. H. 1951. Imported fire ant (Solenopsis saevissima richteri Forel).
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Culpepper, G. H. 1953. Status of the imported fire ant in the Southern States in
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Solenopsis sSaeviSSima var. richteri

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Curl, L. F. 1958. Aerial application in eradication program. Agr. Chem. 13(4) :44.
Cutler, M. R. 1958. Pesticides vs. wildlife. Virginia Wildlife 20(9) :405.

Dekle, G. W. 1953. The imported fire ant in Florida. Fla. State Hort. Soc. Proc.
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Denmark, H. A. 1957. The imported fire ant in Florida. Fla. State Plant Board
Leaf. Sp.—folder.

DeWitt, J. B., Menzie, C. M., Spann, J. W., and Vance, C. 1964. Toxicity tests on
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Includes mirex

DeWitt, J. B.; Stickel, W. H.,) and Springer, (PoE. 1963. Waiidiiite (studless
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Dunham, C. W. 1958. Growers' talks at Delaware course. Amer. Nurseryman 107(5):
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Solenopsis saevissSima richteri

Echols, H. W. 1966. Assimilation and transfer of mirex in colonies of Texas leaf-
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Echols, H. W. 1966. Texas leaf-cutting ant controlled with pelleted mirex bait.
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Echols, H. W. and Biesterfeldt, R. C. 1966. Controlling Texas leaf-cutting ants
with mirex. U.S. Forest Serv. Res. Note SO-38. 2 pp.
Plant pests in Texas and LouiSiana Atta texana

Eden, W. G. 1952. Control of insect pests of legumes. Ala. Agr. Expt. Sta. Ann.
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Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Eden, W. G. and Arant, F. S. 1949. Control of the imported fire ant in Alabama.
J. Econ. Ent. 42(6) :976-979.

Eden, W. G. and Garrett, F. E. 1955. Control of soil insect pests in Gulf Coast
Irish potato fields. Ala. Agr. Expt. Sta. Prog. Rpt. Ser. 60. 1 p.
Solenopsis saevissima

Emlen, J. T., Jr. 1938. Fire ants attacking California quail chicks. Condor
40 (2) :85-86,
Solenopsis xyloni and S. molesta

- 643 -

Entomology Research Branch. 1954. The imported fire ant. How to control it. U.S.
Dept. Agr. Leaf. 350. 8 pp.
Solenopsis saevissima v. richteri

Entomology Research Division. 1958. Observations on the biology of the imported
fire ant. U.S. Agr. Res. Serv. ARS 33-49. 21 pp.

Entomology Research Division. 1958. The imported fire ant. How to control it.
U.S. Dept. Agr. Leaf. 350, slightly rev. 8 pp.

Fancher, C. C. 1960. Imported fire ant discussion. Chem. Spec. Mfr. Assoc. Proc.
Ann. Mtg. 47:147-149. Pub. 1961.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri
Includes discussion

Favorite, F. G. 1958. The imported fire ant. U.S. Pub. Health Rpts. 73(5) :445-448.

Ferguson, D. E. 1962. Fish feeding on imported fire ants. J. Wildlife Mangt.
26 (2) : 206-207.
Solenopsis Saevissima richteri

Ferguson, D. E. 1970. Fire ant: whose pest? Science 169(3946) :630.

Fincher, G. T. and Lund, H. O. 1967. Notes on the biology of the imported fire
ant, Solenopsis saevissima richteri Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in
Georgia. Ga. Ent. Soc. J. 2(3):91-94.

Ford, T. 1948. Federal agency's survey crew enters battle to determine extent of
fire ant infestation. Ala. Conserv. 20(6):8-9, 14.

Forel, A. 1909. Ameisen aus Guatemala usw., Paraguay and Argentinien. (Hym.).
Deutsch. Ent. Z. 5:267.

Frye, O. E. 1958. Relation of wildlife to the fire ant eradication program in
Florida. Fla. Ent. 41(4) :189-190.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Gaines, T. B. and Kimbrough, R. D. 1969. The oral toxicity of mirex in adult and
suckling rats. Toxicol. and Pharmacol. 14(3) :631-632.

Gaines, T. B. and Kimbrough, R. D. 1970. Oral toxicity of mirex in adult and
suckling rats. With notes on the ultrastructure of liver changes. Arch.
Environmtl. Health 21(1):7-14.

Gaines, J. F. and Lowry, H. E. 1960. The controversial fire ant. Southeastern Vet.
12(1) :22-24.
Solenopsis sSsaevissima richteri

Glancey, B. M. and Coauthors. 1970. Pheromone may induce brood tending in the fire
ant, Solenopsis saevissima. Nature (London) 226(5248) :863-864.

Glasgow, L. L. 1958. Studies on the effect of the imported fire ant control
program on wildlife in LouiSiana. Ann. Conf. Southeastern Assoc. Game and
Fish Commrs. Proc. 12:250-255.

Glasgow, L. L. 1959. Wildlife and the fire ant program. No. Amer. Conf. Trans.
24:142-146,
Solenopsis saevissima richteri
Toxicity of insecticides to wildlife

Includes discussion

Good, E. E., Ware, G. W., and Miller, D. F. 1965. Effects of insecticides on
reproduction in the laboratory mouse: I. Kepone. J. Econ. Ent. 58(4):754-757.

- 644 -

Green, H. B. 1951. The imported fire ant in northeast Mississippi. Assoc. South.
Agr. Workers Proc. 48:94.

Green, H. B. 1952. Biology and control of the imported fire ant in Mississippi.
J. Econ. Ent. 45(4) :593-597.

Green, H. B. 1959. Imported fire ant mortality due to cold. J. Econ. Ent. 52(2):
347.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Green, H. B. 1962. On the biology of the imported fire ant. J. Econ. Ent. 55(6):
1003-1004.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri
Includes ecology, dissemination, and effects of precipitation

Green, H. B. 1967. The imported fire ant in the Southeastern United States. Miss.
Agr. Expt. Sta. Bul. 737. 23 pp. Map
Solenopsis saevissima richteri
Life history

Green, H. B. and Hutchins, R. E. 1957. A progress report on imported fire ant
studies in Mississippi. Ent. Soc. Amer. Bul. 3(3):39-40.

Green, H. B. and Hutchins, R. E. 1958. A progress report on imported fire ant
studies in Mississippi. Assoc. South. Agr. Workers Proc. 55:118.

Green, H. B. and Hutchins, R. E. 1958. Economical method for control of imported
fire ant in pastures and meadows. Miss. State Univ. Agr. Expt. Sta. Inform.
Sheet 586. 2 pp.

Green, H. B. and Hutchins, R. E. 1958. New tests show dieldrin, heptachlor death
to fire ants applied in any fashion. South. Florist and Nurseryman 70(48):
63, 70.

Green, H. B. and Hutchins, R. E. 1958. Progress made on control of ants in
pastures. Miss. Farm Res. 21(1):1-8.

Green, H. B. and Hutchins, R. E. 1960. Laboratory study of toxicity of imported
fire ants to bluegill fish. J. Econ. Ent. 53(6):1137-1138.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri
Probably due to the insect venom

Gross, H. R., Jr. and Spink, W. T. 1969. Responses of striped earwigs following
applications of heptachlor and mirex, and predator-prey relationships between
imported fire ants and striped earwigs. J. Econ. Ent. 62(3) :686-689.

Haeussler, G. J. and Leiby, R. W. 1952. Survey of insect pests. U.S. Dept. Agr.
Yearbook for 1952. p. 445.

Hays, K. L. 1958. The present status of the imported fire ant in Argentina.
Js Econ. Ent. S21) shl—-1125

Hays, K. L. 1959. Ecological observations on the imported fire ant, Solenopsis
saevissima richteri Forel, in Alabama. Ala. Acad. Sci. J. 30(4) :14-18.

Hays, S. B. and Arant, F. S. 1960. Insecticidal baits for control of the imported
fire ant, Solenopsis saevissima richteri. J. Econ. Ent. 53(2):188-191.

Hays, S. B. and Hays, K. L. 1959. Food habits of Solenopsis saevissima richteri
Forel. J. Econ. Ent. 52(3) :455-457.
Chiefly other insects

- 645 -

Hensley, S. D. and Coauthors. 1961. Effects of insecticides on the predaceous
arthropod fauna of Louisiana Sugarcane fields. J. Econ. Ent. 54(1):146-149.
Solenopsis Saevissima richteri included.

Hermann, H. R., Jr., and Blum, M. S. 1965. Morphology and histology of the
reproductive system of the imported fire ant queen, Solenopsis saevissima
richteri. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 58(1):81-89.

Hoyt, A. S. 1950. Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant
Quarantine. p. 47.

Hoyt, A. S. 1951. Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant
Quarantine. p. 33.

Hoyt, A. S. 1952. Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant
Quarantine. p. 60.

Huber, J. J. 1965. Some physiological effects of the insecticide Kepone in the
laboratory mouse. Toxicol. and Appl. Pharmacol. 7(4) :516-524.

Hume, W. E. 1958. Georgians discuss selling fire ants. American Nurseryman
108 (2) :24.

Hutchins, R. E. 1955. Imported fire ant. Miss. State Plant Board Bien. Rpt.
WG537/55%, pie De

Hutchins, R. E. 1957. Imported fire ant control. Miss. State Plant Board Bien.
Rpt. 1955/56-1956/57:3, 9-17.

Hutchins, R. E. and Green, H. B. 1957. Research staff begins imported fire ant
study. Miss. Agr. Expt. Sta. Miss. Farm Res. 20(5):1, 8.

Hutchins, R. E. and Green, H. B. 1957. The imported fire ant. Miss. Agr. Expt.
Sta. Inform. Sheet 562. 2 pp. ;

Jenkins, J. H. 1963. A review of five years research on the effects of the fire
ant control program on selected wildlife populations. Georgia Acad. Sci. Bul.
PL CUYD) Be

Johnson, A. S. 1961. Antagonistic relationships between ants and wildlife with
special reference to imported fire ants and bobwhite quail in the southeast.
Ann. Conf. Southeastern Game and Fish Commrs. Proc. 15:88-107.

Jung, R. C. and Derbes, V. J. 1957. The imported fire ant, Solenopsis saevissima
var. richteri, as an agent of disease. Amer. J. Trop. Med. and Hyg. 6(2):
372-373.

Keh, B., Brownfield, N. T., and Person, M..E. 1968. Experimental use of bait with
mirex lethal to both adult and immature Vespula pensylvanica (Hymenoptera:
Vespidae). Calif. Vector Views 15(11) :115-118.

Khan, A. R. 1966. Studies on the rearing, biology and control of the imported fire
ant. 91 pp. Dissertation - State College, Mississippi, August 1966.

Khan, A. R. 1967. Studies on the rearing, biology and control of the imported fire
ant. Diss. Abstr. Sect. B, 27(10) :3716B-3717B.
Solenopsis sSaevissima richteri

Khan, A. R., Green, H. B., and Brazzel, J. R. 1967. Laboratory rearing of the
imported fire ant. J. Econ. Ent. 60(4):915-917.

Kyle, G. M. 1958. These died on 100 acres of fire ant treatment area. Ala. State
Dept. Conserv. News Release. 4 pp.

— 646) —-

Lay, D. W. 1958. Fire ant eradication and wildlife. Ann. Conf. Southeastern
Assoc. Game and Fish Commrs. Proc. 12:248-250.

Life. 1958. Fire ant plague. Life 45(2):117-118.
Livingston, B. P. 1958. Fire ant program--State of Alabama. Fla. Ent. 41(4):190.

Loding, H. P. 1929. An ant (Solenopsis saevissima richteri Forel). U.S. Dept.
Agr. Ins. Pest Survey Bul. 9(6):241.

Lofgren, C. S., Adler, V. E., Banks, W. A., and Pierce, N. 1964. Control of
imported fire ants with chlordane. J. Econ. Ent. 57(3) :331-333.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri c

Lofgren, C. S., Adler, V. E., and Barthel, W. F. 1961. Effect of some variations
in formulation or application procedure on control of the imported fire ant
with granular heptachlor. J. Econ. Ent. 54(1) :45-47.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri
In pastures

Lofgren, C. S., Banks, W. A., and Stringer, C. E. 1964. Toxicity of various
insecticides to the imported fire ant. U.S. Dept. Agr. ARS 81-11. 15 pp.

Lofgren, C. S., Bartlett, F. J., and Stringer, C. E. 1961. Imported fire ant
toxic bait studies: the evaluation of various food materials. J. Econ. Ent.
54(6) :1096-1100.

Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Lofgren, C. S., Bartlett, F. J., and Stringer, C. E. 1963. Imported fire ant
toxic bait studies: evaluation of carriers for oil baits. J. Econ. Ent.
56(1) :62-66. Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Lofgren, C. S., Bartlett, F. J., and Stringer, C. E. 1964. The acceptability of
some fats and oils as food to imported fire ants. J. Econ. Ent. 57(4):601-
602.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri
As baits

Lofgren, C. S., Bartlett, F. J., Stringer, C. E., Jrs, and Banks, W. A. 1964,
Imported fire ant toxic bait studies: further tests with granulated mirex-
soybean oil bait. J. Econ. Ent. 57(5) :695-698.

Solenopsis Saevissima richteri

Lofgren, C. S. and Stringer, C. E., Jr. 1964. The effect of heptachlor and
chlordane on the foraging activity of imported fire ants. J. Econ. Ent.
57 (2) :235-237.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Lofgren, C. S., Stringer, C. E., Banks, W. A., and Bishop, P. M. 1967. Laboratory
tests with candidate bait toxicants against the imported fire ant. U.S. Agr.
Res. Serv. ARS 81-14. 25 pp.

Lofgren, C. S., Stringer, C. E., and Bartlett, F. J. 1962. Imported fire ant
toxic bait studies: GC-1283, a promising toxicant. J. Econ. Ent. 55(3) :405-
407.

Lofgren, C. S. and Coauthors. 1965. Dual low dosage applications of heptachlor for
control of the imported fire ant. Fla. Ent. 48(4) :265-270.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Long, E. J. 1957. Battle-lines are forming to oppose an unwelcome immigrant.
Nat. Mag. 50(6) :302-304.
Solenopsis saevissima v. richteri

- 647 -

Lyle, C. 1951. Imported fire ant a difficult problem. Miss. Agr. Expt. Sta. Ann.
Rpt. 64:31.

Lyle, C. and Fortune, I. 1948. Notes on an imported fire ant. J. Econ. Ent. 41(5):
833-834.

Lyle, C. and Leveck, H. H. 1957. 70th annual report 1956/57. Miss. Agr. Expt. Sta.
pp. 24-25.

McClanahan, H. S. 1950. (Grove inspection department). Fla. State Plant Board
Bien. Rpt. pp. 18-42.

McCrory, S. J. 1953. Imported fire ant. La. State Dept. Agr. and Immigrat. Bien.
Rpt... 6336.

McEachern, D. M. 1961. The imported fire ant in Texas. Fitofilo 14(29) :16-18.
In Sp.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

MacConnell, J. G., Blum, M. S., and Fales, H. M. 1970. Alkaloid from fire ant
venom: identification and synthesis. Science 3933(168) :840-841.

Marcus, H. 1950. Como evita el incesto la Solenopsis saevissima var. Folia Univ.
4(4) :78-80.

Markin, G. P. 1968. Handling techniques for large quantities of ants. J. Econ.
Ent. 61(6) :1744-1745.

Markin, G. P. and Dillier, J. H. 1971. The seasonal life cycle of the imported
fire ant, Solenopsis saevissima richteri, on the Gulf Coast of Mississippi.
Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 64(3) :562-565.

Markin, G. P. and Hill, S. O. 1971. Microencapsulated oil bait for control of the
imported fire ant. J. Econ. Ent. 64(1) :193-196.

Mrak, E. M. (Chairman). 1969. Report of the Secretary's Commission on Pesticides
and their relationship to environmental health. Parts I and II. U.S. Dept.
Health, Education and Welfare. 677 pp.

Muncy, R. J. and Oliver, A. D., Jr. 1963. Toxicity of ten insecticides to the red
crawfish, Procambarus clarki (Girard). Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 92(4) :428-431.

Murphy, R. T., Barthel, W. F., and Lofgren, C. S. 1962. Residual studies in con-
nection with excessive applications of heptachlor for imported fire ant
eradication. J. Agr. and Food Chem. 10(1):5-7.

Murray, R. W. 1962. A synecological study of the effects of the fire ant eradi-
cation program in Florida. Ann. Conf. Southeastern Game and Fish Commrs.
16:145-153.,

Naber, E. C. and Ware, G. W. 1964. Effect of Kepone and mirex on reproductive
performance in the laying hen. Poultry Sci. 44(3) :875-880.

Negm, A. A. and Hensley, S. D. 1969. Evaluation of certain biological control
agents of the sugarcane borer in Louisiana. J. Econ. Ent. 62(5):1008-1013,
Includes Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Newson, L. D., et al. 1959. Effect of the fire ant eradication program on the
fauna of rice fields. Insect Conditions in Louisiana 2;8-14,.

Olive, A. T. 1960. Infestation of the imported fire ant, Solenopsis saevissima
v. richteri, at Fort Benning, Georgia. J. Econ. Ent. 53 (4) :646-648,
Attacking children chiefly

- 648 -

Padget, L. J. 1958. The fire ant eradication in the Southern States. Fla. Ent.
41(4) :190.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Padget, L. J. 1959. The imported fire ant program in the southeastern United
States. Assoc. South. Agr. Workers Proc. 56:133.

Parrish, H. M. 1959. Deaths from bites and stings of venomous animals and insects
in the United States. Arch. Internal. Med. 104:198-207.

Parrish, H. M. 1963. Analysis of 460 fatalities from venomous animals in the
United States. Amer. J. Med. Sci. 245(2):129-141.

Plant Pest Control Division. 1958. The fight against the imported fire ant.
U.S. Dept. Agr. PA 368. 4 pp.

Plant Pest Control Division. 1962. The imported fire ant program and progress. U.S.
Agr. Res. Serv. ARS 81-9. 10 pp.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri
Control in South

Plant Pest Control Division. 1963. The imported fire ant. U.S. Dept. Agr. PA-592.
8p.-folder.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Plant Pest Control Division. 1963. The imported fire ant program and progress.
U.S. Agr. Res. Serv. ARS 81-9-1. 10 pp.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri; includes control by quarantine and use of
mirex and heptachlor formulations

Plant Pest Control Division. 1968. The imported fire ant. U.S. Dept. Agr. PA 592,
rev.., 6p.-tolder.
Chiefly chemical control of Solenopsis saevissima richteri in the Southern
States ATi eo a os

Plant Pest Control Division and Entomology Research Division. 1958. Facts about
the imported fire ant eradication program. U.S. Dept. Agr. 10 pp.

Pratt, H. D. and McDowell, J. W. 1963. Current status of some important arthropod-
borne diseases in the United States. Report from Vector Control Services,
Training Section, Training Branch, Dept. Health, Education, and Welfare,
Atlanta, Georgia. 23 pp.

Rankin, A. 1957. The great fire-ant invasion. Reader's Digest 71(425) :74-77.
(Original article in Farm and Ranch, September 1957).

Rhoades, W. C. 1962. A synecological study of the effects of the imported fire
ant eradication program. Fla. Ent. 45(5):161-173.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri
Includes effects on wildlife, and arthropod collecting

Rhoades, W. C. 1963. A synecological study of the effects of the imported fire ant
eradication program. II. Light trap, soil sample, litter sample and sweep net
methods of collecting. Fla. Ent. 46(4) :301-310.

Solenopsis saevissima richteri
Granulated heptachlor eradicated fire ant, and beneficial insects and earth-
worms reached normal populations within a year.

Rhoades, W. C. ‘and Davis, D. R. 1967. Effects of meteorological factors on the
biology and control of the imported fire ant. J. Econ. Ent. 60 (2) :554-558.

- 649 -

Rhoades, W. C. and Murray, R. W. 1967. A synecological study of the imported fire
ant eradication program. Fla. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bul. 720. 42 pp.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri
Includes effects of heptachlor on arthropods, birds, and wildlife

Ribeiro, J. H. C. 1954. On the fire ant and its control. Agronomia 13 (3/4) :227-
25h. Ln) Por’.
Solenopsis saevissima

Ribeiro, J. He C. 1950. On the fire ant and its’ control. Chacaras e Quintais
91(1):51-53. In Por.
Solenopsis saevissima

Ricks, B. L. and Vinson, S. B. 1970. Feeding acceptability of certain insects and
various water-soluable compounds to two varieties of the imported fire ant.
J. Econ. Ent. 63(1) :145-148.

Rosene, W., Jr. 1958. Whistling-cock counts of bobwhite quail on areas treated
with insecticide and on untreated areas, Decatur County, Georgia. Ann. Conf.
Southeastern Assoc. Game and Fish Commrs. Proc. 12:240-244.

Ruffin, W. A. 1957. The imported fire ant. South. Seedsman 20(6) :44-45.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Rusoff, L. L. and Coauthors. 1963. Residues in fatty tissues and meat of cattle
grazing on pastures treated with granular heptachlor. J. Agr. and Food Chem.
11(4) :289-292.

Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Sannasi, A. and Blum, M. S. 1969. Pathological effects of fire ant venom on the
integument and blood of house fly larvae. Ga. Ent. Soc. J. 4(3):103-110.

Science. 1971. Fire ant control under fire. Science 171(3976) :1131.
Solenopsis saevissima

Senn, L. H., Blocker, H. D. and Cochran, J. H. 1958. Imported fire ant invades
South Carolina. S. C. Agr. Res. 5(2):6.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Shapley, D. 1971. Mirex and the fire ant: decline in fortunes of "perfect"
pesticide. Science 172(3981) :358-360.
Solenopsis saevissima

Sibley, M. M. 1958. The imported fire ant. Will it bring back poisoned air
sprays? Org. Gard. and Farming 5(5) :58-60.

Silveira Guido, A. 1965. Investigations on the biology and biological control of
the fire ant, Solenopsis saevissima richteri Forel in Uruguay; final report,
1962--1965. 69 pp. Montevideo, Universidad de la Republica, Departamento de
Sanidad Vegetal.

Includes biology of its parasite Labauchena daguerrei

Silveira Guido, A., San Martin, P., Crisci Pisano, C. and Carbonell Bruhn, J.
1963. Investigations on the biology and biological control of the fire ant,
Solenopsis saevissima richteri Forel in Uruguay. Second Annual Report.
University of the Republic. 36 pp. Montevideo-Uruguay.

Smith, M. R. 1949. Ent. Soc. Wash. Proc. 51(4):178-179. No title--a note in
minutes of meeting.

Smith, M. R. 1949. Report on imported fire ant investigations. Bureau of
Entomology and Plant Quarantine, U.S. Dept. Agr. 42 pp. Mimeographed.

- 650 -

Snelling, R. R. 1963. The United States species of fire ants of the genus
Solenopsis, subgenus Solenopsis Westwood, with synonymy of Solenopsis aurea

(Wheeler) (Hymenoptera—Formicidae). Calif. Bur. Ent. Occas. Papers 3. 14 pp.

Southern Plant Board. 1957. Summary of conclusions reached in considering the fire
ant program. 2 pp. Memphis, Oct. 15.

Spencer, E. Y. 1968. Guide to the chemicals used in crop protection. Edition 5,
Canada Dept. Agr. Pub. 1093. 483 pp.
Mirex on p. 239

Sport Fishing Institute Bulletin. 1970. 48 pesticides harnessed. Sport Fishing
Inst. Bul. No. 216:5.

Stoddard, H. L. 1936. The bobwhite quail. Its habits, preservation and increase.
Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. 559 pp.

Stringers Cefn. Jr. Lofgren €.°S., and Bartlett; Fr. Ji l9645"Imporitedeiianesant
toxic bait studies: evaluation of toxicants. J. Econ. Ent. 57(6) :941-945.,
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Stroud, R. H. (Editor). 1958. Super insecticides--space age pollutants. Sport
Fishing Inst. Bul. 74:1-2.

Texas Agricultural and Mechanical College Extension Service. 1958. How to control
the imported fire ant. Tex. Agr. Col. Ext. Leaf. 384. 6p.-folder.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Thompson, T. E. and Blum, M. S. 1967. Structure and behavior of spermatozoa of
the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Ent. Soc.
Amer. Ann. 60(3) :632-642,

Appendix by Flower, J. W. The effect of tail shape on the propulsive
efficiency of spermatozoa. pp. 639-640.

Thorne, T. D. 1958. Imported fire ant; this small red ant is becoming a major
crop problem in the South. Crops and Soils 11(2):11-12.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Todd, A. W. 1957. Seventy-fourth annual report of the Department of Agriculture
and Industries for the fiscal year October 1, 1956-September 30, 1957.
pp. 3, 34.

Travis, B. V. 1938. Fire ant problem in the southeast with special reference to
quail. North American Wildlife Conf. Trans. 3:705-708.

Travis, B. V. 1938. The fire ant (Solenopsis spp.) as a pest of quail. J. Econ.
Ent. 31(6) :649-652.

U.S. Agricultural Research Service. 1958. Facts about the imported fire ant
eradication program. 10 pp.

U.S. Agricultural Research Service, Entomology Research Division. 1958.
Observations on the biology of the imported fire ant. U.S. Agr. Res. Serv.
ARS 33-49. 21 pp., map.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

U.S. Agricultural Research Service, Entomology Research Division, 1958. The
imported fire ant; how to control it. U.S. Dept. Agr. Leaf. 350, slightly
rev. 8 pp.

Solenopsis saevissima v. richteri

— 60 =

U.S. Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine. 1951. The imported fire ant. U.S.
Bur. Ent. and Plant Quar. EC-17. 6p.-folder.
Solenopsis saevisSima v. richteri

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Insects Affecting Man and Animals. 1951. The
imported fire ant. U.S. Dept. Agr. EC-17. 6 pp.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Insects Affecting Man and Animals Section,
Entomology Research Branch. 1954. The imported fire ant and how to control
ite US Dept. Agra sheaflerss0N a8" pps

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of Information. 1959. Proving ground for
weapons against fire ant. U.S. Dept. Agr. Off. Inform. Picture Story 117.

4 pp.
Solenopsis saevisSima richteri

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Orlando, Florida Laboratory. 1955. Insecticides
and repellents for the control of insects of medical importance to the Armed
Forces. U.S. Dept. Agr. Cir. 977:69.

Van Dresser, C. 1958. Man vs. ant. Amer. Forests 64(11):14-15, 44-47.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Van Valin, C. C., Andrews, A. K., and Eller, L. L. 1968. Some effects of mirex on
two warm-water fishes. Amer. Fisheries Soc. Trans. 97(2):185-196.

Vinson, S. B. 1968. The distribution of an oil, carbohydrate, and protein food
source to members of the imported fire ant colony. J. Econ. Ent. 61(3):712-
714.

Vinson, S. B. 1970. Gustatory response by the imported fire ant to various
electrolytes. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 63 (4) :932-935.

Vinson, S. B., Thompson, J. L. and Green, H. B. 1967. Phagostimulants for the
imported fire ant, Solenopsis saevissima var. richteri. J. Insect Physiol,
13 (11) :1729-1736.

Waldo, E. 1957. Fire ant threat. La. Conserv. 9(4) :22-24.

Walker, J. R. and Clower, D. F. 1961. Morphology and histology of the alimentary
canal of the imported fire ant queen (Solenopsis saevissima richteri). Ent.
Soc. Amer. Ann. 54(1):92-99.,

Ware, G. W. and Good, E. E. 1967. Effects of insecticides on reproduction in the
laboratory mouse. II. Mirex, telodrin, and DDT. Toxicol. and Appl. Pharmacol.
10 (1) :54-61.

Welch, F. J. 1949. Fire ant control. Miss. Agr. Expt. Sta. Ann. Rpt. 49:22.

Wellch, F. J. 1950. Control of imported fire ant. Miss. Agr. Expt. Sta. Ann. Rpt.
63:29.

Wheeler, J. 1958. The fire ant. Fla. Wildlife 11(10):28-29, 40-41.
Wilson, E. O., Jr. 1949. From any angle, it's a nuisance richteri, the fire ant.
Ala. Conserv. 20(12) :8-9.

Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Wilson, E. O. 1951. Variation and adaptation in the imported fire ant. Evolution
5 (1) :68-79.

Wilson, E. O. 1952. A report on the imported fire ant Solenopsis saevissima var.
richteri Forel in the Gulf States. Ala. Acad. Sci. J. 21/22:52,

- 652 -

Wilson, E. O. 1952. O complexo Solenopsis saevissima na America do Sul
(Hymenoptera:Formicidae). Inst. Oswaldo Cruz. Mem. 50:49-68. English trans-
lation of article included,

Wilson, E. O. 1953. Origin of the variation in the imported fire ant. Evolution
7 (3) :262-263.

Wilson, E. O. 1958. The fire ant. Sci. Amer. 198(3) :36-41.

Wilson, E. O. 1959. Invader of the South. Helped by a genetic mutation, the
population of the fire ant has "exploded," and now infests a wide area.
Natural History 68(5) :276-281.

Wilson, E. O. 1959. Source and possible nature of the odor trail of fire ants.
Science 129(3349) :643-644.

Wilson, E. O. 1962. Chemical communication among workers of the fire ant
Solenopsis saevissima (Fr. Smith). 1. The organization of mass-foraging.
2. An information analysis of the odour trail. 3. The experimental induction
of social responses. Animal Behaviour 10(1/2):134-147, 148-158, 159-164.

Wilson, E. O. and Brown, W. L., Jr. 1958. Recent changes in the introduced
population of the fire ant (Solenopsis saevissima) (Fr. Smith). Evolution
12 (4) :211-218.

Wilson, E. O. and Eads, J. H. 1949. A report on the imported fire ant Solenopsis
saevissima var. richteri Forel in Alabama. Ala. Dept. Conserv. Spec. Rpt.
July 16. 53 pp., plus 13 plates. Mimeographed.

Wilson, E. O. and Eisner, T. 1957. Quantitative studies of liquid food trans-
mission in ants. Insectes Sociaux 4(2):157-166.

Wilson, N. L., Dillier, J. H., and Markin, G. P. 1971. Foraging territories of
imported fire ants. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 64(3) :660-665.
Solenopsis saevissima richteri

Wilson, N. L. and Oliver, A. D. 1969. Food habits of the imported fire ant in
pasture and pine forest areas in southeastern Louisiana. J. Econ. Ent.
62 (6) :1268-1271.

Wilson, N. L. and Oliver, A. D. 1970. Relationship of the imported fire ant to
Nantucket pine tip moth infestations. J. Econ. Ent. 63(4):1250-1252.,

York, H. H. 1949. (Project Forester of Alabama). Fire ants. 3 pp. Mimeographed.

Some additional information is available in internal, unpublished reports of the
Plant Protection Division,

U.S. Dept. Agr.
Prepared by Economic Insect Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt.
Survey and Detection Staff 21(36) :639-652, 1971

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URAL RES

UNITED STATES . DEF

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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves aS a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
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Volume 21 September 10, 1971 Number 37

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

CORN EARWORM increased in soybeans in Arkansas. Larvae damaged sorghum in south
Georgia and heavy in limited area of Alabama. (p. 655).

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE troublesome on soybeans in South Carolina and Maryland.
(p. 658).

BOLL WEEVIL punctured squares heavy in Louisiana. Migrating weevils hindered
controls in west Tennessee. Still heavy throughout Alabama. BOLLWORMS heavy in
Tennessee. Larvae troublesome in Alabama. Increased in Georgia. (p. 659).

COWPEA APHID heavy on beans in limited area of Idaho. (p. 660).

PEARSLUG heavy on cherries in Utah. (p. 661).

Detection

New State records include ASPARAGUS APHID from Maryland (p. 660), AN OLETHREUTID
MOTH from California (p. 662), and WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM from Michigan (p. 656).

For new county records see page 664.

Reports in this issue are for week ending September 3 unless otherwise indicated.

= (653) =

- 654 -

CONTENTS
Special’ Insects’ of Regional’ SiendPicance sc cies clcre-cicivicle cleleielelevclelelele's/ cfeletersielelelelelegh COO
Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane. <cleicclele OOG ») CUCULDIUES stelelclalelelelcleiclelercle cielereiereto OOO
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland...........00t General Vegetables......c2eceee e660
Forage) Legumesis <6 «icc 0 a clslesle/salses\G0G Deciduous Fruits and Nuts......661
SOY DEANS eicieteleleicie elelelelelelelaleicielelolelaletete sOOS CLULUST stele vy cleictote aietele) cleielelclelelerarsto OO
PEANWES sels clelclete!aielele!clalctetel stele) clare shelter OU Me NWA CS c)s) e/olelel elelcielefoleiolelel creel Oe
Cottons cerctetetewterclolecieleieie ce clecisiclele cles O09) MP MOLNAMCIILAl Stele satsielelerctelelslcleletereiets OOe
Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers........659 Forest and Shade Trees........-662
Beans! and’ Peasi. cise elsle os lciel stelefeieleieie) s1 COU Mani and\VAnimailists\c\cteleiele ole cele ciel OGe
CoVlenCropsicieicisleaislclslefateicicie) cele elcleleleie(jOOU

Benefrci ail SINSECES sc e'c'clo's'ealolctelcleleleleiels icicle ro! eletelerelelelelalialelerelcvel elialeteleteneleleloleletateteterstenerenercies
Federal and State Plant Protection Programs. <jccclcic e clelclele 00s 010 cleleiclaeleisie cleleiiemmood
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WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING SEPTEMBER 6

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Date
Service, NOAA.

HIGHLIGHTS: Summer lingered in the North Central and Northeast, but the central
Rocky Mountains felt some early autumn chill and saw a few flakes of snow.
Moderate rain fell in the Pacific Northwest and nearby thundershowers occurred
from the Red River of the North Valley to the Deep South.

PRECIPITATION: Light rain occurred from Washington, Oregon, and northern
California, across the northern border States to New England early in the week.
Also over the central and southern Rocky Mountains and in the south from eastern
Texas to the Carolinas. By midweek, showers and thundershowers had become thinly
scattered, but widespread over much of the eastern half of the Nation. Mostly
daily totals were small. However, 2.28 inches of rain fell in 6 hours Wednesday
afternoon at Vandalia, Illinois. Late in the week a slow moving cold front
stretched from the northern Great Plains southwestward across the central Rocky
Mountains. Light rain showers occurred along the front, with a few snow flurries
at some of the higher locations. As the front reached the Great Plains it set off
thunderstorms, some of which were accompained by strong winds and hail. Hobart,
Oklahoma, received 4.75 inches of rain in 6 hours Saturday afternoon, A depression
off the Louisiana coast spread showers from Texas to Florida, with some totals
exceeding 5 inches. A few totals in the Dakotas also exceeded 5 inches. The
heaviest weekly total that has come to our attention is 8.67 inches at New
Orleans. The driest areas were California and western and central Texas. These
areas received no rain or only light widely scattered showers,

TEMPERATURE: Pleasant late summer weather prevailed over most of the Nation early
in the week, On Monday afternoon, temperatures reached the 70's Over the northern
border States, the 80's and 90's in the Central and the South, and 100 or higher
in the southwestern deserts. Blythe, California, registered 109 Monday afternoon.
Southerly winds on the back side of a large high which lay over the East brought
a warming trend to the Great Plains. By Thursday, much of the Dakotas and parts
of Nebraska had warmed to 100 or higher, 105 at Pierre, South Dakota, with
warmer air, came haziness and increased humidity. The Far Northwest remained cool
and comfortable due to storm off the northern Pacific coast. An early autumn cold
snap occurred in the high Rockies Friday afternoon, when the warmest temperature
at West Yellowstone, Montana, was 39 . Nearby parts of Montana and Wyoming warmed

For continuation of weather of the week and for 30-day forecast, see page 660.

=699r—

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - COLORADO - Counts decreased on lettuce.
Incidence of aster yellows averages 9 percent in 8 fields in Otero and Pueblo
Counties. (Schweissing).

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - COLORADO - Ranged 0-100 per 100 sweeps, of
sugar beets in Pueblo, Crowley, Otero, and Prowers Counties. (Schweissing).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - UTAH - Infested 60 percent of sweet corn in Iron
County (Sjoblom), moderate in Utah County (Horne), and 3-15 percent infested in
Juab, Cache, Salt Lake, Tooele, and Davis Counties (Burningham, Knowlton).
OKLAHOMA - Ranged 0-3 per head in few fields of grain sorghum in soft dough stage
in Grady, Washita, and Caddo Counties. Heavy on sorghum in Cotton County and
light in Kay and Noble Counties. Averaged 2 or 3 per 10 sweeps of alfalfa in
Caddo and Washita Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Larvae averaged 0.1 per
corn ear in Greeley County field. In Franklin County, averaged 8 percent damage
in 3 fields; in Miami County, 10 percent damage in 2 fields, in Johnson County,

5 percent in 4 fields. (Bell). NEBRASKA - Very light, ranged 0-3, averaged less
than 1 per 25 ears in 11 cornfields in Loup, Brown, Rock, and Keya Paha Counties.
(Berogan). WISCONSIN - Blacklight trap catches continue light. Larvae in field,
light or nonexistent in all areas. According to blacklight catches no significant
flights occurred and no treatment justified. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

DELAWARE - Adults averaged 27 per night in blacklight trap collections in Sussex
County and increased in Kent County. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). MARYLAND - Heliothis
zea) moth counts averaged 43 per night in Dorchester County and ranged 1-6 per
hight in Worcester and Queen Annes Counties. Heavy egg laying on snap beans and
soybeans expected in Dorchester County next 2 weeks. Infested field corn ranged
4-12 percent in Kent, Queen Annes, and Talbot Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).
VIRGINIA - Larvae feeding on sorghum heads averaged less than 4 per row foot in
Dinwiddie, Sussex, and Richmond Counties. (Allen). NORTH CAROLINA - Infestation
in Coastal Plains less than one larva per row foot of soybeans (threshold
level); some fields near economic levels. Late varieties should be watched.
(Cullipher, Bradley). TENNESSEE - Surveys in soybeans in central and western
areas indicate population below control levels. (Gordon). ARKANSAS - Continue

to increase in soybean fields; small percentage of fields treated in east-central
and southeast areas where infestations more common. Heaviest counts ranged 60-70
per 30 row feet. Treatment level, 60 larvae per 30 row feet, determined by plant
shaking method. (Boyer). ALABAMA - Larvae heavy, 4-5 per head, in 105 acres of
grain sorghum in Sumter County field. (Lashley, Henderson). GEORGIA - Damaged
sorghum in southern areas. (French). FLORIDA - Larvae common in unsprayed
flowering sorghum heads at Quincy, Gadsden County. (Greene). SOUTH CAROLINA -
Extremely widespread on soybeans east of Columbia, Richland County. Damage
dependent on control (Thomas). Little damage in Orangeburg County. Good control
(Langford).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - TEXAS - Light to moderate in Trans-Pecos area;
ranged 20-70 per plant in most fields. (Neeb). COLORADO - Decreased in sorghum
in Arkansas Valley; none found in some fields. (Schweissing). IOWA - Specimens
collected in grain sorghum in O'Brien County August 16. This is a new county
record. (Iowa Ins. Sur.).

HORNWORMS (Manduca spp.) - TENNESSEE - Continue to cause moderate damage to
unharvested tobacco in Franklin County. One larva to every 5 stalks. About 50
percent parasitized. (Cagle).

POTATO LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca fabae) - MARYLAND - Adults and nymphs ranged 5-15 per
row foot in 200 acres of Snap beans in Wicomico County. Leafhoppers in soybeans
remain light, ranged 1-5 per row foot, statewide. Ranged less than 1 per row

foot in 100 acres of carrots in Caroline County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

- 656

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - OKLAHOMA - Light (10-20 per 10
sweeps) of alfalfa in Caddo, Washita, and Kiowa Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
KANSAS - Light in alfalfa in southeast, south-central, and west-central districts.
Averages per 10 sweeps ranged as follows by county (number fields in parentheses):
Harvey, 5 (1); Sedgwick, 8-25 (3); Sumner, 10-60 (3); Cowley, 8-30 (5); Butler,
5-20 (2); and Scott, 4 (1). (Bell). COLORADO - Increased in Arkansas Valley and
found to some extent in every field. Heaviest in Crowley, eastern Bent, and
Prowers Counties; ranged 100-5,000 per 100 sweeps. (Schweissing). NORTH DAKOTA -
Wingless adults and nymphs collected from several alfalfa fields in southern
Dickey County. Populations less than 1 per 100 sweeps. This is first record for
Dickey County. First recorded in State in La Moure County during 1962. (Kaatz).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - KANSAS - In Brown County, mostly last
instar second-generation larvae found and no pupae or evidence of second-genera-
tion pupation. May not be partial third generation in this area as occurred in
1970. Field of late corn (milk-stage) in Marshall County, observed some late
third and early fourth instar larvae in addition to last instar larvae. Second-
generation borers infested 5-20 percent of stalks. (Bell). NEBRASKA - Very light
in 11 cornfields in Loup, Brown, Rock, and Keya Paha Counties. (Berogan).

About 30 percent of plants examined in 10 cornfields in the McCook area (Red
Willow County) infested with second-brood borers. (Campbell). IOWA - Second-
brood borers, 80 percent fifth instar and 20 percent fourth instar on September
3. One fresh male moth caught in light trap at Ankeny night of September 1, and
one fresh female moth night of September 2, indicating that some pupation
occurred but probably less than 1 percent. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). WISCONSIN - Light
in Outagamie, Dodge, and Rock Counties. No larvae found in 150 ears of sweet
corn checked at one Dodge County site. Up to 25 percent of plants show ear
feeding in individual fields in Grant County. Second-generation borers range
from egg to fourth instar in southern and southwestern areas, third instar larvae
most prevalent. Fresh egg masses on late field corn ranged 0-8 per 100 plants in
southwestern area. Threat to sweet corn nearly passed in southern areas. (Wis.
Ins. Sur.). MICHIGAN - Adult emergence declining at all blacklight stations.
Highest moth count 127 from Monroe County station. Other weekly county totals:
Lenawee 62; Berrien 65; Ottawa 88; Oceana 46; Bay 38; and Montcalm 18. (Newman).

OHIO - Second-generation larvae of Ostrinia nubilalis emerged in northern areas.
(Andress). DELAWARE - Adults averaged 82 per night at Bridgeville, Sussex County.
(Burbutis, Lesiewicz). MARYLAND - Most infested fields range above 25 percent.
Moth flights decreasing. Adults ranged 4-10 per night in Dorchester and Queen
Annes Counties light trap. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). First and second instar larvae
in snap beans in Dorchester and Wicomico Counties. Canners condemned 1,500 cases
($4,500) due to presence of borers in cans. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). ALABAMA -
Larvae heavy and tunneling in stalks of grain sorghum near Cottonwood in Houston
County on August 20. This is a new county record. (Wilson et al.).

NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults 1-40 per
stalk in field corn (moderate to heavy) feeding on silks and tassels; damage
light in Rock Spring, Centre County. (Adams). MARYLAND - Heaviest adult counts
ranged 1-4 per 100 silks of corn. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). NORTH CAROLINA - Adults
light on fresh silks in McDowell, Watauga, Burke, Caldwell, and Iredell Counties.
These are new county records. (Hunt).

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - MICHIGAN - Adults taken on August
12 by T. Drozd in Allegan County. Determined by R. Ruppel. This is a new State
record. Adults taken in Cass County on August 31, for a new county record.
(Ruppel, Sackrider).

CORN ROOTWORMS (Diabrotica spp.) - WISCONSIN - Adults migrating from older corn
into younger corn, small grains, and alfalfa. Field with average of 5 adults per
ear last week had only one per ear this week. Noticeable leaf feeding by D.
virgifera observed on corn in Winnebago County; and in southern Sauk County as

= (G}a}7/

many as 20 adults per plant in field of late corn. Considerable damage to tips
of marketable sweet corn evident in some portions of Dane County. (Wis. Ins.
Sur.)

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy in sorghum in Atoka
County and light in Marshall County. None seen in 2 fields of blooming sorghum
in Caddo and Kiowa Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Adults ranged 10-15
per head in blooming sorghum in Washington County. (Boyer). KENTUCKY - Adults
ranged 8-10 per sorghum head in Marshall County. (Barnett). ALABAMA - Adult
ranged 20-40 per head on blooming grain sorghum August 31 in Lee County field
adjoining older plants. For several days prior observed 1-5 adults per head.
(McQueen). FLORIDA - Larvae heavy on unsprayed blooming sorghum heads at Quincy,
Gadsden County. (Greene).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - FLORIDA - Infesting unsprayed, young

(1 foot high) sweet and field corn at Quincy, Gadsden County. (Greene). NORTH
CAROLINA - Larvae increased on corn and sorghum in Piedmont and Coastal Plains.
In Coastal Plains, 5-10 percent of plants with at least one larva. (Bradley).
MARYLAND - Infestations remain spotty in late-planted corn. Heaviest damage
averaged 1 percent in 75 acres of field corn near Henderson, Caroline County.

(U. Md., Ent. Dept.). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 1-3 per plant on sorghum in Caddo County.
Ranged 0-2 per head of grain sorghum in Caddo, Washita, and Kiowa Counties; light
in most fields. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) - NEBRASKA - In Brown and Rock
Counties, larvae averaged less than 1 per 25 ears in 5 cornfields. These are new
county records. Negative in Loup and Keya Paha Counties. About 50 percent of
plants in field near North Platte, Lincoln County, infested with 1-2 per ear.
(Campbell).

DINGY CUTWORM (Feltia subgothica) - MICHIGAN - Collections nearing seasonal peak
at all stations. Lenawee County station weekly total 235 moths. Other stations
by county as follows: Monroe, 156; Montcalm, 159; Oceana, 191; Bay, 176; and
Ottawa, 88. Occasionally damages field crops, but normally larvae prefer low
growing weeds. No evidence of field damage reported. (Newman).

SORGHUM WEBWORM (Celama sorghiella) - NORTH CAROLINA - Infested 30-50 percent of
heads in 25 acres of Sorghum in Pender County and 1 acre in Jones County.
Scattered reports from Union County area. (Falter).

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - WYOMING - Ranged 10-20 percent in 4
fields near Powell, Park County on August 25 (Murray). On August 31, 3 additional
fields of corn showing 10-20 percent infestation. (Burkhardt). COLORADO - Still
on corn throughout Arkansas Valley. Heavy counts and damage found in individual
fields in Prowers, Bent, Otero, Crowley, and Pueblo Counties. Also noted on
sorghum in same area but counts light and damage not apparent. (Schweissing).
OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy on sorghum in some areas of Cimarron County. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Light in Glasscock, Reagan, Martin, Midland, and Pecos
Counties. In Reeves County, increased in most fields. Light increase on sorghum
in El Paso County. Light in Dell City area of Hudspeth County. In Sherman County,
some isolated controls on sorghum. (Neeb, Clymer).

SPIDER MITES - UTAH - Damage to corn leaves increasing in many areas, associated
with very dry, hot August. Control most extensive in Utah County (Knowlton).
Becoming more severe in Weber County corn (Boyer, Roberts).

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

A CERAMBYCID BEETLE (Dectes texanus texanus) - TENNESSEE - Adults collected from
following counties: Madison, Haywood, Crockett, Henry, Hardeman, McNairy,
Chester, Henderson, Hardin, Decatur, Carroll, Gibson, Lake, Obion, Weakley, and
Benton for new county records. Collected July 28 through August 31. All adults
collected from cockleburs in soybean fields and no adults collected in fields

= 658) -

devoid of cocklebur plants. In 1970, immature Dectes collected for new State
record from Tipton, Madison, and Haywood Counties; reported as Dectes sSayi.
However, rearing immatures into adults indicated species was D. texanus texanus.
Investigations indicate this species not economic but potential for economic
damage indicated by heavy populations in some fields. (Gordon).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 5 per 10 sweeps of
alfalfa in Kiowa County field. Unspecified tachina fly laid eggs on about 50 per-
cent of larvae, with 1-13 eggs per larva. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KENTUCKY - Larvae,
40 per 100 sweeps, damaged alfalfa in Warren County. (Barnett). WISCONSIN -
Half-grown larvae ranged 2-6 per 10 sweeps in most alfalfa. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 80 per 10 sweeps of
alfalfa in Caddo County field. Light (0-3 per 10 sweeps) in 2 fields in Washita
and Kiowa Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - WISCONSIN - Few half-grown larvae and adults
still found in some lush alfalfa in southern part of State. Confirmation made of
specimens recovered earlier for new county records as follows: Langlade,
Lincoln, Taylor, Clark, and Pepin. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). COLORADO - Larvae decreased
in all areas of Arkansas Valley; ranged 0-600 per 100 sweeps. (Schweissing).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WYOMING - Ranged from average of 36 in some
alfalfa to aS high as 2,332 per 10 sweeps in other fields August 25 in Park
County (Burkhardt). On August 31, ranged 10-70 per 10 sweeps (Murray). Ranged
10-50 per 10 sweeps near Torrington, Goshen County (Stringer). KANSAS - None
found in field in Scott County where 2,000 per 10 sweeps found 14 days ago.
Lady beetles abundant. (Bell).

SWEETCLOVER APHID (Therioaphis riehmi) - OKLAHOMA - Collected from yellow sweet-
clover in Okmulgee County May 1971. Determined by L.M. Russell. This is a new
county record. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 32
per 10 sweeps in Caddo County alfalfa field. Ranged 0-2 per 10 sweeps in 2 fields
in Washita and Kiowa Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

LEAFMINER FLIES (Agromyza spp.) - MASSACHUSETTS - Adults 410 per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa in Hampshire County field. (Miller).

SOYBEANS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Heavy, adults 20-25
per plant in 35 acres of soybeans at Orangeburg and Calhoun County line, causing
50 percent foliage loss. (Langford). NORTH CAROLINA - In 2 of 15 fields in
Coastal Plains 15-20 percent of upper leaves defoliated. Remaining fields light
defoliation. Larvae and adults increasing. (Hunt). VIRGINIA - Damage in Tidewater
regions still light, but increasing. Expected increase has not developed.
(Hofmaster). MARYLAND - Adults and larvae damaged 500 acres of soybeans in
Shorptown, Quantico, and Salisbury area of Wicomico County. Controls needed.

(U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - KANSAS - Larvae averaged 15 per 30 row
feet of soybeans in Sumner County field, 21 and 42 in 2 Cowley County fields,
and 6 in Butler County field. (Bell).

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Larvae 5 per plant on 300
acres of soybeans in Marlboro County; caused about 10 percent foliage loss. Not
expected to affect yield due to extra heavy growth of plants. (Smith).

—609F—

PEANUTS

REDNECKED PEANUTWORM (Stegasta bosqueela) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 10 and 20 per-
cent of terminals infested in 2 fields of irrigated peanuts in Caddo County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - OKLAHOMA - Infestations averaged 50 percent in
untreated cotton and 2 percent in treated cotton in Tipton area, Tillman County.
Ranged up to 82 percent in Johnston County. Scattered heavy infestations continue
in several southwestern and west-central counties. Averaged 22 percent in Payne
County. Moderate in Marshall and Cleveland Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
LOUISIANA - Weevil punctured squares still heavy in many fields. As number of
Squares become fewer, it takes fewer weevils to puncture a high percentage of
Squares. (Tynes et al.). MISSISSIPPI - Adults remain in many fields throughout
State. However, infestations still spotty with no general trend indicated.
(Robinson). In delta counties, punctured squares averaged 12.94 (maximum 65)
percent in 8 of 9 fields, no change from prior period. (Pfrimmer et al.).
TENNESSEE - Continue to cause heavy damage to small bolls in late cotton. Heavy
throughout cotton-growing area. Conditions ideal for buildup. Migrating weevils
making controls very difficult. (Locke). Surveys in southern counties of central
area indicate new generation of weevils will begin emerging about September 5.
Some fields may require controls to protect smali bolls. (Gordon). ALABAMA -
Still heavy throughout State. Control effective in most fields. Adults feeding
and laying eggs in bolls where squares becoming fewer. (McQueen). GEORGIA -
Percent punctured squares averaged 95 in untreated plots and 12 in treated plots
in Spalding County (Tippins); still increasing statewide. (Womack).

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - NEW MEXICO - Some spotty, heavy H. zea populations
noted in cotton in Southern Dona Ana County. (Campbell). OKLAHOMA - H. zea damage
ranged 8-10 percent in untreated cotton and averaged 5 percent in treated cotton
in Tipton area, Tillman County. Averaged 1 percent in Payne County. Moderate in
Marshall County and light in Johnston County. Ranged 52-90 percent in untreated
cotton in Grady County. Of 189 larvae collected in Grady County, 11 percent H.
virescens. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TENNESSEE - H. zea causing considerable damage
throughout area. Egg laying still heavy in rank cotton. Many fields no longer
attractive. Eggs still being laid down in plant as well as in terminal buds.
(Locke). Surveys in southern counties of central area indicate that larvae below
control levels. No eggs found; adults expected to emerge in about 7 days. (Gordon).
MISSISSIPPI - Eggs appearing from record breaking flight of moths recorded in
delta last week. (Robinson). In delta counties, moth catches declined in light
traps. Egg laying underway. Controls mostly satisfactory. (Pfrimmer et al.).
ALABAMA - Moth flights still heavy. Egg laying heavy and larvae troublesome to
control. (McQueen). GEORGIA - Increased statewide (Womack); percent punctured
Squares light but increasing in Spalding County (Tippins).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - DELAWARE - Egg masses 2 per 10 pepper
plants, with 38 percent infestation at Bridgeville, Sussex County. Infestation
averaged 60 percent in untreated peppers at Georgetown. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz).

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OHIO - Larvae infested commercial tomatoes
in northwestern area. In some fields as many as 8 holes per tomato evident,

August 23. (Miller). COLORADO - Damaged tomato fruit near Fort Collins, Larimer
County. (Hantsbarger).

YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Prodenia ornithogalli) - COLORADO - Larval damage severe
to fruit in some fields in Prowers, Crowley, and Otero Counties; larvae 4-5 per
linear row foot. (Schweissing).

- 660 -

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ALABAMA - Larvae damaged 4 acres of tomatoes
in Morgan County. Controls difficult. Troublesome in north St. Clair County
during past 30 days. Heavier than during past 3 years. Controls generally
satisfactory. (Rutledge et al.).

BEANS AND PEAS

COWPEA APHID (Aphis craccivora) - IDAHO - One of heaviest and general infestations
known in Twin Falls, Twin Falls County, beanfields. Lady beetles and green
lacewings have aphid population under control in some fields. Sprayed fields
became reinfested to before-treatment levels soon because of absence of predators,
August 30. (Peay).

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - WYOMING - Damage moderate to heavy

to dry beans (65 to 85 percent plants infested); some pods damaged and not filled
in Torrington area, Goshen County. Adults 10 per 10 sweeps in adjacent alfalfa.

(Burkhardt).

COLE CROPS

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - MICHIGAN - Adults increased at all blacklight
stations, but field damage reports not as numerous as other years. (Newman).
COLORADO - Infested average of 10 percent of cabbage heads in Arkansas Valley.
(Schweissing). NEW MEXICO - Eggs of this species and Heliothis zea (corn earworm)
heavy in some lettuce fields. Some requiring treatment every 3 days. (N.M. Coop.
Rpt.).

CUCURBITS

SQUASH BEETLE (Epilachna vorealis) - ALABAMA - Adults collected in gardens in Lee
and Montgomery Counties. These are new county records. (McCabe et al.).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

ASPARAGUS APHID (Brachycolus asparagi) - MARYLAND - Collected on volunteer
asparagus in home planting at BeltSville, Prince Georges County by J.W. Gentry
on September 4, 1971. About 1 small colony per stalk causing small rosettes on
branches of mature ferns. Nymphs and winged males present. Determined by L.M.
Russell. This is a new State record. (Gentry).

Weather of the week continued from page 654.

to the 50's, The high 80's and 90's were common over the Great Plains from the
Dakotas and Minnesota to Texas. The Northeast warmed to near 90 by Sunday. Bay
City, Michigan, and Boston, Massachusetts, registered 92 Sunday afternoon. In
general, weekly mean temperatures averaged below normal over most of the West,
above normal over the North Central and Northeast and near normal over the
Southeast.

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK
SEPTEMBER 1971

The National -Weather Service's 30-day outlook for September is for temperatures
to average above seasonal normals along the middle and north Atlantic coast as
well as over the northern and central Plains, the upper Mississippi Valley and
west of the Continental Divide. Below normal temperatures are indicated for the
South while near normal averages are expected in unspecified areas. Precipita-
tion is expected to exceed normal in portions of the south Atlantic Coast States,
as well as over the southern Plains and the central and southern Plateau region.
Subnormal totals are indicated for the northern Plains, the middle Mississippi
Valley and the Ohio Valley. Elsewhere near normal precipitation is in prospect.

Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook"
published twice a month by the National Weather Service. You can subscribe
through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20250. Price $5.00

a year.

- 661 -

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - UTAH - Moderate to severe in Salt Lake and
Davis County orchards (Burningham) , moderate in Washington County apple and pear
orchards (Huber) and in Juab County. (Esplin).

PEARSLUG (Caliroa cerasi) - UTAH - Severe in some Cache, Davis, Salt Lake, Utah,
Tooele County cherry orchards (Burningham, Burtenshaw), moderate in Juab County
(Esplin), light in Washington County (Huber), and Iron County (Sjoblom).
(Knowlton) .

PECAN WEEVIL (Curculio caryae) - OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy on pecans in Rogers
County; adults still emerging. Moderate in Kay and Marshall Counties. (Okla. Coop.
Sur.).

PEACH TWIG BORER (Anarsia lineatella) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae 3 per stem on almond
trees in Tracy, San Joaquin County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

BLACKMARGINED APHID (Monellia costalis) - OKLAHOMA - Still moderate to heavy on
pecan in many areas. Reported from Rogers, Cleveland, Marshall, and Cotton
Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

A LEAFMINER FLY - SOUTH CAROLINA - Probably Lithocolletis caryaefoliella heavy in
50 acres of pecan trees in Calhoun County. Larvae, pupae, and adults present. an
Heavy defoliation; 50+ larvae miners per leaf. (Nash).

CITRUS

Insect Situation in Florida - End of August - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta
Oleivora) infested 78 (norm 50) percent of groves on leaves; economic in 54

(™orm 33) percent and infested 86 (norm 60) percent of groves on fruit; economic
in 70 (norm 44) percent. Decreased on leaves and fruit but both still above
normal and at high level. Little change expected, All districts in high range.
CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 47 (norm 49) percent of groves;
economic in 24 (norm 19) percent. Population at normal low level. Little change
expected. All districts low. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested

19 (norm 23) percent of groves; economic in 4 (norm 9) percent. Population con-
tinued to decrease. Below normal and very low. Little change expected until fall
increase begins in early October. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested
64 (norm 44) percent of groves; economic in 7 (norm 8) percent. Population above
normal and in moderate range. Slight decrease expected. Highest district south.
PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 49 (norm 44) percent of groves; economic in

2 (norm 2) percent. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 32 (norm 34)
percent of groves; economic in l (orm 3) percent. YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella
citrina) infested 24 (norm 24) percent of groves; economic in none (norm 7)
percent. All at or below normal low level in all districts, Little change
expected. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested 53 (norm 57) percent of groves;
economic in 32 (norm 36) percent. Hatch of new brood of crawlers will cause popu-
lation to remain in moderate range which is near normal for September. Decrease
expected in October. Highest districts east and central. AN ARMORED SCALE
(Unaspis citri) infested 29 percent of groves; economic in 21 percent. Population
near level of past 3 months and higher than in any prior August. Increase
expected. WHITEFLIES infested 73 percent of groves; economic in 18 percent.
Population slightly above normal and moderate. Adults increasing and starting to
deposit eggs on early fall flush. Highest districts west and east. (W.A. Simanton
(Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)).

- 662 -

SMALL FRUITS

WESTERN GRAPE LEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - NEW MEXICO - Light to
medium on grapes in Las Cruces, Dona Ana County. (Durkin).

ORNAMENTALS

A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyae) - PENNSYLVANIA - Heavy on Exhury deciduous
azaleas at Gladwyne, Montgomery County. (Christie, Wolff). New host variety
(Simmons) .

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

AN OLETHREUTID MOTH (Rhyacionia bushnelli) - CALIFORNIA - Adult reared from
Monterey pine (Pinus radiata) in Santee, San Diego County, from larvae collected
July 23, 1971, by V. Cooke. Determined by M. Gardner. This is a new State record.
(Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

SADDLED PROMINENT (Heterocampa guttivitta) - PENNSYLVANIA - Defoliation heavy to
complete over 2,000 acres of Sugar maple and beech in Potter County. Following

2 years of heavy infestations still causes light to moderate defoliation with
about 10 percent tree mortality on 5,000 acres and sick-appearing forests on
several thousand more acres in Wayne County. (Nichols).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - NEVADA - Heavy and damage severe to western
chokecherry in Carlin and Palisade area, Elko and Eureka Counties. (Peters,
Zunino). WEST VIRGINIA - Larvae caused moderate to heavy damage to cherry, elm,
walnut, and oak in Brooke and Ohio Counties, August 25. (W.Va., Ins. Sur.).

ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - NEVADA - Heavy damage and above normal at
Tonopah and Beatty, Nye County, and above normal in areas of Las Vegas, Clark
County. (Zoller). IOWA - Collected in homes in Sac County August 24 and Audubon
County August 23, These are new county records. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI -
Defoliation near 100 percent of some elm trees in Rankin County. (Brown).

GALL APHIDS (Adelges spp.) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults of A. abietis (eastern spruce
gall aphid) and A, cooleyi (cooley spruce gall aphid) moderate to heavy on

Colorado, Norway, and White spruce trees caused some tip kill in 20+ acre areas
at Port Matilda, Centre County, and at Conneaut Lake, Crawford County. (Adams) .

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 13 cases reported in U.S.
August 23-27 as follows: TEXAS - Kinney 3, San Saba 2, Lampasas 2, Bowie 1,
Val Verde 1; ARKANSAS - Little River 2; ARIZONA - Graham 1. Cases reported
August 30 to September 3 as follows: TEXAS - Kinney 2, Lampasas 3, San Saba 2,
Presido 1, Val Verde 3, Crockett 1, Uvalde 2, Bowie 1, Maverick 1, Terrell 1;
ARKANSAS - Little River 2. (Anim. Health Div.).

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - MISSISSIPPI - Light to moderate (200-500 per
head) on cattle in Oktibbeha, Monroe, Lee, Chickasaw, Clay, Lowndes, and Noxubee
Counties. (Robinson). TEXAS - Heavy on livestock in High Plains and Trans—Pecos
counties. Moderate in Wilbarger and Knox Counties. Heavy in Fisher County.
(Clymer et al.). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 800-1,000 per head on cattle in Major County.
Heavy in Cotton County and moderate in Tulsa, Kay, and Cleveland Counties. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults averaged 25 per face on
cattle in Monroe, Chickasaw, and Lee Counties in one herd of 200 cattle. In one

- 663 -

herd of 200 cattle in Monroe County, some individual cows had up to 50 per face.
(Robinson). WISCONSIN - Counts moderate in most counties but severe annoyance to
cattle reported in Iron and Chippewa Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - WISCONSIN - Counts on cattle moderate in all
areas except Sauk and Adams Counties, where heavy. Activity most intense on
warmer days. Controls underway in all counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

MOSQUITOES - MINNESOTA - Light trap counts decreased week ending August 27 with
Aedes vexans accounting for 67 percent of 2,287 females taken. Over 50 percent of
larval collections contained A. vexans. In evening, bite Collections over 80 per-
cent A. vexans and in daytime, collections 89 percent this species. A. stimulans,
A, excrucians andA, fitchii accounted for 8 percent of total. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

AN EULOPHID WASP (Tetrastichus incertus) OHIO - Found in sample collected on
July 18, in Washington County. This iS a new county record. (Flessel).

GREATER WAX MOTH (Galleria mellonella) - ALABAMA - Larvae damaged several stands
of bees at Bynum, Calhoun County. (Butler et al.).

HONEY BEE (Apis mellifera) - WEST VIRGINIA - Of 1,705 colonies inspected in
August, 19 diseased with American foulbrood. (W.Va. Ins. Sur.).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

COMSTOCK MEALYBUG (Pseudococcus comstocki) - CALIFORNIA - Single ivy plant
infested at Lindsay, Tulare County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

EUROPEAN CRANE FLY (Tipula paludosa) - WASHINGTON - First adults of season
collected August 23. Emergence light in Blaine, Wha tcom County. (Leckie).

GRASSHOPPERS - NORTH DAKOTA - Adult survey completed. Total of 581 stops in 24
counties. Infestations increased but widely scattered and mostly light

(2 ratings). Light in north-central, south-central, northeast, east-central and
southeast counties. Economic (3 ratings) in parts of Morton, Cass, Ransom, and
Richland Counties. Estimated 135,000 acres of cropland show 3 ratings. Dominant
species Melanoplus bivittatus, M. sanguinipes and M. femurrubrum. Rangeland
infestations noneconomic in all areaS except in Ransom and Richland Counties;
about 12,000 acres show 3 ratings. Dominant cropland species Melanoplus
bivittatus. With favorable conditions next spring, infestations expected to
increase again in 1972, (Brandvik, Grasser). OKLAHOMA - Adult survey during August
shows 1,900,000 acres of rangeland in 32 counties economically infested. Light to
threatening populations in crop margins and roadside habitats throughout area.
Dominant rangeland species Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum, Ageneotettix deorum,
Drepanopterna femoratum, Amphitornus coloradus, Syrbula admirabilis, Melanoplus
occidentalis, Metator pardalinus, and Hesperotettix speciosus. Dominant crop
margin and roadside species Melanoplus differentialis, M. bivittatus, M.

M. packardii, Hesperotettix speciosus, and Aeoloplides turnbulli. (Okla.

Coop. Sur.). UTAH - Outbreaks occurred at Paragonan and on Cedar Mountain in Iron
County. (Sjoblom). In many localities along Wasetch Front, Box Elder through Utah
Counties, grasshoppers moving from drying rangeland into farms, orchards, and
adjacent home gardens causing injury. (Knowlton). Some outbreaks in Uintah County.
(Hunsaker) . OREGON - Economic levels of 8+ per square yard occurred on estimated
1,292,000 acres of range and cropland in 1971. Dominant species Melanoplus

Sanguinipes, M. packardii, Camnula pellucida, and Oedaleonotus enigma. No control
programs initiated. (Goeden, Gorham).

- 664 -

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - PENNSYLVANIA - Trapped 4 moths in Franklin
County by R.J. Angle on August 12. Determined by D.M. Weisman. This is a new
county record, (Simmons).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - OHIO - Grubs averaged 36 per square foot
in golf course in Wayne County. (Niemczyk). TENNESSEE - Adults collected on wild
grape at Hales Crossroads, Hamblen County, by M.E. Snodgrass on July 13.
Determined by V.H. Owens, confirmed by R.D. Gordon. This is a new county

record, (PPD).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA - Sterile moths released
in San Joaquin Valley totaled 3,147,000. Total for 1971 season to date
69,381,000. (PPD). ARIZONA - Larval boll infestations ranged 8-10 percent, one
infestation of 40 percent excluding exit hole counts, in Yuma County. Infesta-
tions increased in portions of Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO -
Boll sample checks from Las Cruces, Dona Ana County, south, reveal very light
populations. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).

SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines) - TENNESSEE - Found infesting one
soybean field in each of Lincoln and Franklin Counties, for new county records.
Dates of collection were August 30 and 31, 1971. First time found in central
area. Cyst population heavy in sample taken in Lincoln County. (Gordon, Cagle).
FLORIDA - Cysts collected in Santa Rosa County by J. Bishop on August 24,
Determined by V.H. Owens, confirmed by W. Freedman. This is a new county
record, (PPD).

A WHITEFRINGED BEETLE (Graphognathus leucoloma striatus) - ARKANSAS - Adult
collected at Hardy, Sharp County, by J.H. White on August 26; MISSISSIPPI -

adult collected at Oakland, Tallahatchie County, by J.H. Mills on August 4;
GEORGIA - adults collected at Crawfordville, Taliaferro County, by B. Hughes

on August 26. Determined by V.H. Owens, confirmed by R.E. Warner. These are new
county records, (PPD). - TENNESSEE - Graphognathus spp. heavy in soybean field in
Madison County; large stalks dying from larval feeding. To date, damage estimated
at 10 percent; however, damage expected to increase. (White). Found in soybean
field near Huntland in Franklin County. Population heavy, damage very light and
spotted, (Cagle, Gordon) .

DETECTION

New State Records - ASPARAGUS APHID (Brachycolus asparagi) MARYLAND - Prince
Georges County. (p. 660). AN OLETHREUTID MOTH (Rhyacionia bushnelli) CALIFORNIA -
San Diego County. (p. 662). WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera)

MICHIGAN - Allegan County. (p. 656).

New County Records - ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) WISCONSIN - Langlade,
Lincoln, Taylor, Clark, Pepin (p. 658). A CERAMBYCID BEETLE (Dectes texanus
texanus) TENNESSEE - Madison, Haywood, Crockett, Henry, Hardeman, McNairy,
Chester, Henderson, Hardin, Decatur, Carroll, Gibson, Lake, Obion, Weakley,
Benton (p. 657). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) IOWA - Sac, Audubon (p. 662).
EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) ALABAMA - Houston (p. 656). AN EULOPHID
WASP (Tetrastichus incertus) OHIO —- WaShington (p. 663). GREENBUG (Schizaphis
graminum) IOWA — O'Brien (p. 655). GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) PENNSYLVANIA -
Franklin (p. 664). JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) TENNESSEE - Hamblen

(p. 664). NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) NORTH CAROLINA -
McDowell, Watauga, Burke, Caldwell, Iredell (p. 656). SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE
(Heterodera glycines) TENNESSEE - Lincoln, Franklin; FLORIDA - Santa Rosa

(p. 664). SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) NORTH DAKOTA - Dickey

(p. 656). SWEETCLOVER APHID (Therioaphis riehmi) OKLAHOMA - Okmulgee (p. 658).
SQUASH BEETLE (Epilachna borealis) ALABAMA - Lee, Montgomery (p. 660). WESTERN
BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) NEBRASKA - Brown, Rock (p. 657). WESTERN
CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) MICHIGAN - Cass (p. 656). A WHITEFRINGED
BEETLE (Graphognathus leucoloma Striatus) ARKANSAS - Sharp; MISSISSIPPI -
Tallahatchie; GEORGIA - Taliaferro (p. 664).

- 665 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

General Vegetables - CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) moderate to heavy in 5 acres
of field corn at Kaaawa, Oahu; about 80 percent of mature ears with at least one
larva. (Kawamura).

Fruits and Nuts - A BARK BEETLE (Xylosandrus compactus) moderate to heavy on
coffee and Annona trees at Kona, Hawaii. First record on this portion of island.
On heavily infested Annona trees, emergence holes averaged 8 per foot of 0.25
inch twigs; averaged 4 holes per similar sampling on adjacent coffee trees.
(Yoshioka). A SWALLOWTAIL BUTTERFLY (Papilio xuthus) eggs collected from lime
tree at Lanikai, Oahu; first record in windward Oahu. Previously recorded only
in leeward areas. (Davis).

Ornamentals - Larva of a NOCTUID MOTH (Callopistria sp.) collected from small
Planting of fishtail fern (Nephrolepis biserrata var. furcans) at home at
Moanalua, Oahu. This new immigrant pest apparently established in scattered
areas on Oahu during past few months; Moanalua about 9 miles from original
discovery site. Late July, infested fern at Waimanalo, Oahu; about 10 miles from
first recorded site. (Kumashiro).

Forest and Shade Trees - Larvae of a GEOMETRID MOTH (Scotorythra sp.) moderate in
100 acres of Acacia koa at Waikamoi, Maui; defoliation about 50-75 percent on
most trees. (Wong, Miyahira). All stages of a PSYLLID (Psylla uncatoides) trace
on Acacia confusa trees at Manoa, Oahu; adults averaged less than 1 per 10 sweeps.
Negative on same host at Punchbowl, Waimanalo, Mililani, and Makiki Round Top,
Oahu. (Kashiwai, Kawamura).

General Pests - Survey of anthurium nurseries at Pahoa, Hawaii, revealed varying
degree of damage to flowers by oviposition and feeding of NARROW WINGED KATYDID
(Elimaea punctifera). Damage to flowers cultivated under saran and tree fern

or cleared forest areas: 2-10 (averaged 4) percent; 10-80 (averaged 48)
respectively. Citrus groves adjacent to heavily damaged anthurium plantings
severely affected by feeding damage to young terminal leaves, flowers and newly
formed fruits. Nymphs and adults moderate on citrus. (Shigenaga).

Miscellaneous Pests - Two adults of VAGRANT GRASSHOPPER (Schistocerca vaga) taken
at large at Mauna Kea Beach Hotel, Hawaii. First reported in August 1965, now
occurs on every major island. (Yoshioka).

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UNITED STATES
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0004 USENLINATA122 03001 OOO1
US ENTOMOLOGY LIBRARY DEPT
ENTOM NATIONAL MUSEUM
WASHINGTON DC 20560

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 September 17, 1971 Number 38

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

CORN EARWORM larvae damaged soybeans in South Carolina, corn in Kentucky. Moth
collections increased in Wisconsin and Michigan. (p. 669).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER larvae damaged irrigated corn in limited area of South
Dakota. Problem on grain sorghum in Coastal Plain area of South Carolina.
(p. 669).

BANKS GRASS MITE increased on grain sorghum in El Paso County, Texas. (p. 670).

FALL ARMYWORM larvae heavy on grasses in Texas. (p. 670).

Detection

For new county records see page 672.

Reports in this issue are for week ending September 10 unless otherwise indicated.

= 667 =

= 668 —-

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regionadl Silemictiicance’. . sic. c 01 «0 oles 0ls10) see 0's) en 01s) 6) c/s ele eie/e/e'aie al O9

Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane...........669 Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers....672
Small Grainsiperc os ckepedesetaetote ciel ctelsyere OO Beans and) (PeasSitisrcteicvete eleiciele eleteienelOlie
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland..........070 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts......673
Forage) TesumeSiccicic sss elclelclsie ce vicleslete OW CALI Sisreisieleislellelelarelelereleloletelsieleleleterel Oils
SOVDCANS ye cic sheloletelerelele/cletelo, cieleislsie lore! etal OPl. Sma HrUAGS). ce icleleleleloicielelelelelensrerel Ome
COLTON « <c\sieletebetoieletele cl eletsls) eForehleleh elie One Forest and Shade Trees.........6¢3
Sugar wMBee CSpepeicreiclerc cicisieneloiels sielelelolerela\ Ole Man ‘and! “Anidimal'Sic wic.cis\ « o lereleic sie) clone Oi

DEESCL OMe tere foie wtoiese oles) cl cvelels olcleseiel cies evetelclclelelevc efevetelorelelelckotelelelelelofeleleyorsiolcleleioteletaloretebemenet Cites
Corrections: cersie ssc sic'c ce eiclee © lclevele ote iclelciere sie) «levelelelelelelelelcieroielers/ejeloseieNeYe¥el ol ohcle¥elohel reranenal(sitiex
Federal’ and State Plant Protection, Programs). <c\c ccc ciclc clele cele ecic oo ce ciclencveretersneneneaies
Hayaiciselnse cit) RE POL tis\slere ce cllora aicledetelerelelelerercvelelelelelcie/sielelerekelelolesetolelelelerelchetetclchotercletenonenemel ines
Light Trap Col LECELONS < o.c cece ce cretete olels os elec ehers otelerclol ei clebs olehelelelcliele e) ch cliel ohelelelctalelth elfen al

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING SEPTEMBER 13

Reprinted from Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data
Service, NOAA,

HIGHLIGHTS: Summer heat continued over much of the Nation. Hurricane Fern
brought heavy rain to southern Texas.

PRECIPITATION: Early in the week a cold front stretched from Michigan to
Oklahoma. Various thunderstorms occurred along front and in moist air ahead of
the front. Most of the thunderstorms produced only small amounts of rain. A

few were accompanied by strong winds, hail, and heavy rain. About midweek,
showers and thunderstorms dotted the northern and central Rocky Mountains and

the northern and central Great Plains. Mason City, Iowa, received 2.86 inches in
the 24-hour period ending at 6:00 a.m. Thursday. Winds associated with Hurricane
Edith reached 160 m.p.h. Hurricane Fern with winds up to 90 m.p.h. weakened as

it drifted inland near Galveston, Texas. Winds decreased to about 60 m.p.h. as

it moved overland. About noon Friday, Tropical Storm Ginger gained strength
about 275 miles south of Bermuda. Winds associated with Tropical Storm Ginger
reached sustained speeds of 55 to 60 m.p.h. Five tropical cyclones entered the
weather picture during the week and over the weekend. Hurricane Edith swept
across the Caribbean Sea and lashed Nicaragua and Honduras. Winds associated with
Hurricane Edith reached 160 m.p.h. Edith lost strength overland but regained
strength after reaching the Gulf of Mexico. Hurricane Fern with winds up to 90
m.p.-h. drifted inland near Port O'Conner, Texas. Her winds diminished to about 60
m.p.h. It produced heavy rains, 4 to 8 inches at many locations and much more

at a few stations. Goliad, Texas, received 10.75 inches in the 24-hour period
ending at noon Saturday. Heavy rains caused widespread flooding. Hurricane

Ginger with 80 m.p.h. winds was a threat to shipping, but remained too far at sea
to affect the continent. Tropical Storm Heidi threatened the Atlantic seaboard
Sunday, while a fifth tropical depression with 25 m.p.h. winds was moving westward
near the Antilles. Weather of the week continued on page 672.

— i669)5—

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - MICHIGAN - Adults increasing, but normal for
time of year. No unuSual peaks yet. (Newman). TENNESSEE - Damaged Bermuda grass
sod in Dyersburg, Dyer County. (Cultra, Bruer).

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - CALIFORNIA - Surveys in Ventura County
of areas growing Sugar beets, beans, peppers, and tomatoes showed that curly top
disease infection below 2 percent in tomatoes and peppers. Curly top disease in
sugar beets averaged 10 percent. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - ALABAMA - Damaging counts in one 20-acre field of
soybeans in 6 central and western counties. Larvae averaged 3 middle instars per
row foot. (Henderson, Morgan). Larvae of this species and Celama sorghiella
(sorghum webworm) heavy, ranged 2-6 per head of grain sorghum at Fyffe in De
Kalb County. Other nearby varieties with open developing heads show occasional
larvae. (Galloway). SOUTH CAROLINA - H. zea still economic on soybeans in many
areas where controls not applied. (Thomas, Nettles). KENTUCKY - Larvae damaged
corn in Scott County; averaged 1.4 per ear at one location. (Barnett). VIRGINIA -
Damage spotty in southern Tidewater area, some economic damage. (Allen).
DELAWARE - Adults 19 per night in blacklight traps in Sussex County. (Burbutis).
MICHIGAN - Sharp increase at all blacklight stations. Watch late-planted sweet
corn; will need protection until frost. (Newman). WISCONSIN - Moth catches
increased. At Oakfield, Fond du Lac County, counts of 76 and 77 occurred on
September 7 and 8. Counts of 20 and 43 occurred at Arlington, Columbia County,
on September 5 and 6. Counts of 400 and 233 occurred at Waldo, Sheboygan County,
on September 5 and 6. Treatment of Sweet corn underway in several areas. (Wis.
Ins. Sur.).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - ARIZONA - Heavy on ensilage sorghum at
Safford, Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). MAINE - Heavy and damaged several
cornfields in central areas. (Gall).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - ARIZONA --Appearéd about mid-August on sorghum
in Yuma Valley and currently dominant aphid in Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).
TEXAS - Light in Trans-Pecos area; less than 50 per plant in most fields.
(Neeb).

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - NEW MEXICO - Light on alfalfa in
Farmington area, San Juan County. (Heninger). NEBRASKA - Ranged 31-187 per 100
sweeps in 5 Dawson County fields. (Manglitz).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - KANSAS - Larvae light (third and
fourth instars) in corn in Hodgeman, Finney, and Haskell Counties. Hodgeman and
Haskell are new county records. Determinations by H.L. Brooks and K.O. Bell.
(Bell). SOUTH DAKOTA - Damaged irrigated corn west of Spearfish, Lawrence County.
Infested 1-2 percent of stalks. Third and fourth instar larvae present. This is
a new county record. (Jones, Rezek). IOWA - Collected 107 moths in light trap
night of September 9 at Ankeny, Polk County. Indicates start of third brood.
Moths that emerge now will decrease spring population. (Iowa Ins. Sur.).
WISCONSIN - As many as 3 egg masses per 25 plants noted near Spring Green, Sauk
County. Field observations show 30 percent of larvae in fifth instar, 10 percent
fourth, 30 percent third, 20 percent second, and 10 percent first. Infestation
of late sweet corn ranged 16-76 per 100 plants in southwestern counties. Most
larvae entered ears through husks, but few still in silks. Moth flight declined.
(Wis. Ins. Sur.). DELAWARE - Adults 53 per night in blacklight traps at Bridge-
ville, Sussex County. (Burbutis). SOUTH CAROLINA - Problem on grain sorghum, 10
percent infestations noted in Several areas of Coastal Plain. (Thomas).

= 670 =

WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Noted in corn near
Oral, Fall River County. Infestations in areas of fields checked about 2 percent.
Larvae mostly fifth instar, with some third to fourth. (Jones).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - ALABAMA - Larvae of this species and
Heliothis zea (corn earworm) and Celama sorghiella (sorghum webworm) moderate to
heavy on sorghum in Covington County. (Pike). SOUTH CAROLINA - S. frugiperda egg
masses on sweet corn in Hampton County less numerous than 1970, but still major
threat. (Thomas, Nettles).

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - TEXAS - Light to moderate in Pecos,
Glasscock, and Midland Counties. Increased in El Paso County grain sorghum.
Heaviest in grain sorghum bordering corn. Still light in Dell City area of
Hudspeth County. (Neeb).

SORGHUM WEBWORM (Celama sorghiella) - MISSOURI - Light in most late sorghum in
southeast area. Larvae ranged 2-16 per head. (Munson).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - MISSOURI - Adults still heavy in late
sorghum in southeast area; ranged 6-50+ per head. (Munson).

SMALL GRAINS

HESSIAN FLY (Mayetiola destructor) - PENNSYLVANIA - Evidence that resistant
variety of wheat damaged in Several fields in south-central areas; suspect a
race of M. destructor. (Kim). ILLINOIS - Populations in wheat remained light.
State average Same aS in 1965, 1968, and 1969, when it reached record low of 2
puparia (flaxseed stage) per 100 tillers. East-southeast section shows heaviest
populations. Heaviest averages 18 puparia per 100 tillers in Lawrence County.
(Suz. Budi.)

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - TEXAS - Increased in counties near Denton,
Denton County. Numerous larvae present in lawns, pastures, and other grasses.
Heavy in pastureland in Eastland, Hood, Comanche, Erath, Titus, and Morris
Counties. In Gonzales, Caldwell, and Guadelupe Counties heavy on coastal Bermuda
grass. (Turney et al.).

BLACK CUTWORM (Agrotis ipsilon) - NEVADA - Larvae 4-5 per square yard caused
damage to bentgrass lawn in Reno, Washoe County. (Arnett, Post).

A SOD WEBWORM (Pediasia mutabilis) - OHIO - Heavy infestation seen on grass farm
in Warren County. (Miller).

A WHITEFLY (Aleurocybotus occiduus) - ARIZONA - Very heavy in Bermuda grass seed
fields; honeydew evident at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - COLORADO - Heavy moth flight in fields
of Montezuma County. (Lancaster). NEW MEXICO - Larvae light on alfalfa in San
Juan and Dona Ana Counties. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).

GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - KENTUCKY - Larvae 50 per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa in Scott County. (Barnett).

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OREGON - Fresh emerged adults increased
in blacklight trap located in Macleay, Marion County. (Westcott). ;

WESTERN YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera praefica) - IDAHO - Larvae noted on
Washington County alfalfa. (Bolz). NEVADA - Damage heavy in Churchill County.
Migrations heavy in Soda Lake district. (Johnson, Stitt).

(97/10

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - WYOMING - No larvae found in several alfalfa
fields in Park and Big Horn Counties. First week no larvae found in these
counties. (Murray). UTAH - Populations late in Weber County; some larval injury
extending into third crop. (Rogers). NEW MEXICO - Light (larvae 4-8, adults 2-3
per 25 sweeps) of alfalfa in Farmington area, San Juan County. (Heninger).

ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults averaged 0.1
per sweep of alfalfa, causing no observable damage in Centre County; numerous
adults attracted to lights of houses. (Gesell).

NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults averaged
4 per sweep of alfalfa, and less than 5 percent of females gravid in Centre
County. (Gesell).

MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - KENTUCKY - Adults 410 per 100 sweeps

of alfalfa in Scott County. (Barnett).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WYOMING - Declined. Ranged 10-60 per 10 sweeps
of alfalfa in Park County field. (Murray). PENNSYLVANIA - Nymphs and adults
averaged 3 per sweep of alfalfa in Centre County. (Gesell).

SOYBEANS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - VIRGINIA - Larvae and adults in
economic numbers in Surry and Middlesex Counties. (Allen).

COTTON

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - NEW MEXICO - H. zea generally light on cotton in
Dona Ana County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - H. zea light in Pecos Valley. Less
than 2 percent larval infestation reported from most counties. Light, with less
than 8 eggs per 100 plant terminals and less than 2 larvae per 100 plants in

El Paso Valley. Light increase reported from Midland County, larvae 5-10 per 100
terminals and damaged squares 5-7 percent in isolated fields. Light with 2
percent larvae infestation in most fields in Glasscock County. (Neeb). ARKANSAS -
Still found in many fields. Moth flights decreased; still potential for economic
damage in suitable fields. Cotton remained green enough to attract moths away
from soybeans. (Boyer et al.). TENNESSEE - H. zea damage occurring in late cotton
by late instar larvae. (Locke). Late instar larvae damaged large bolls in
southern middle areas. (Gordon). ALABAMA - Damaging populations that have

been difficult to control reported in Macon, Dallas, Lowndes, Wilcox, and
Covington Counties. (Turner et al.).

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - Light in isolated fields in Glasscock
County. Live weevils and small percentages of punctured squares detected in fields
east of Garden City on August 30. Light with few egg punctures in isolated fields
in Midland County. Heavy in several north-central counties from fields still
Squaring. Some harvesting underway in this area. (Neeb, Turney). ARKANSAS -
Controls effective with infestation levels reduced in many fields. Emergence of
weevils will continue to bring about considerable activity. Newly emerging adults
will be developing diapause soon. (Boyer et al.). TENNESSEE - Damage heavy to
small bolls in western areas. (Locke). Damaged small bolls in late cotton in
southern middle areas. New generation of adults emerging. (Gordon). ALABAMA -
Still heavy statewide. Weevils migrating to younger and more acceptable fields.
(McQueen) .

SUGAR BEETS

TWOSPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - WASHINGTON - Heavy on sugar beets
at Quincy, Adams County. Less serious elsewhere in Columbia Basin and at Walla
Walla, Walla Walla County. Virus yellows incidence low, except at Walla Walla
where light infestation in few fields. (Landis).

Ot 2 <—

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - DELAWARE - Larval infestation of
pepper averaged 33 percent at Bridgeville, Sussex County. (Burbutis).

TOMATO FRUITWORM (Heliothis zea) - NEW MEXICO - Larvae heavy on tomatoes in Dona
Ana County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).

VARIEGATED CUTWORM (Peridroma saucia) - OHIO - Larvae 1-2 per tomato plant
observed in 5 acres of Putnam County field. (Kimmet).

TUBER FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix tuberis) - WASHINGTON - Infested 5 acres of seed
potatoes. Damaged 75 percent of plants. Some tuber damage also noted at Sumas,
Whatcom County. (Holmes).

BEANS AND PEAS

GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - TENNESSEE - First and second instar larvae
4-6 per 6 row feet of beans in Gibson, Weakley, Henry, and Carroll Counties;
fungi killing fourth instar larvae. Damage below control levels. (Gordon).

DETECTION

New County Records - EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) KANSAS - Hodgeman,
Haskell; SOUTH DAKOTA - Lawrence (p. 669). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) CALIFORNIA -
Sacramento (p. 674). GIANT HORNET (Vespa crabro germana) INDIANA — Marion (p. 674).

CORRECTIONS

CEIR 21(36):635 - JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - INDIANA - Adults taken in
pheromone traps ... Should read ... Adults taken in bait traps ... (Meyer).

Weather of the week continued from page 668.

TEMPERATURE: Warm sunny weather prevailed over most of the Nation. Southerly
breezes brought warm humid weather northward over the eastern half of the Nation.
Temperatures were mostly in the 80's and 90*s. Morgantown, West Virginia,
registered 94° Monday afternoon. High humidity added to the discomfort of the
citizens over the East. The Southwest was hotter but less humid. Temperatures in
the desert regions of the Southwest approached or exceeded 100° most days. Thermal,
California, registered 110° Tuesday afternoon. The Far Northwest was quite
comfortable with maximums in the 60's and 70's, a warming trend pushed the
maximums over the central Great Plains to near 100° or higher--100° at Sioux
Falls, South Dakota, 101° at Grand Island, Nebraska, and 106° at Hill City,
Kansas, on Tuesday. Cool air poured southward over the Rocky Mountains and the
Great Plains Wednesday. Denver, Colorado, was about 20 _ degrees | cooler Wednesday
than Tuesday, and Pickstown, South Dakota, recorded 99° and 62° Tuesday and
Wednesday afternoon respectively. A warming trend occurred over the northern and
central Great Plains late in the week. On Saturday, temperatures reached the 80's
over most of the Dakotas. Williston, North Dakota, recorded 89° Saturday after-
noon. The hottest temperature that has come to our attention was 120° at Palm
Springs, California, Sunday afternoon. Weekly mean temperatures were warmer than
normal over most of the Nation. The main exception was the Far Northwest. Most
of the Great Lakes region and the Northeast averaged more than 6° warmer than
normal.

- 673 -

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

APPLE MAGGOT (Rhagoletis pomonella) - MICHIGAN - Declining; still threat to late-
harvested fruit. Considerable maggot injury reported and observed. Protect late-
maturing varieties. (Thompson).

EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - MICHIGAN - Many southern areas troubled by
all stages. Weather conditions favor reproduction and development. Populations
building and caused serious bronzing on foliage. Drought and mite injury combined
to produce premature leaf drop in some cases. Overwintering eggs becoming visible
and increasingly numerous on calyx end of fruit. (Thompson). UTAH - Damaging pear
foliage in Ogden and Roy area of Weber County. (Davis).

SPIDER MITES - UTAH - Damage serious in some sour cherry orchards in Utah County.
Tetranychus mcdanieli (McDaniel spider mite) dominant species. Stethorus sp.

(a lady beetle) preying on mites. Spider mites damaged apple and pear foliage in
portion of Salt Lake County. (Davis).

REDBANDED LEAFROLLER (Argyrotaenia velutinana) - MICHIGAN - Increased (possible
third generation) moth emergence in several orchards. Counts averaged 192 per
trap September 3 and 7. Fruit damage can occur into October. (Thompson) .

A TORTRICID MOTH (Platynota idaeusalis)- PENNSYLVANIA - Several hundred acres of
apple orchard infested by larvae and adults in Adams and Franklin Counties;
larvae from eggs laid in August 1970 pupating, emerged moths laying eggs for past
3 weeks. New larvae and those hatched in June 1971 will feed on apples this fall.
(Asquith) .

CITRUS
CITRUS THRIPS (Scirtothrips citri) - ARIZONA - Treating young orchards and

nurseries for this pest in Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). CALIFORNIA -
Caused injury to young citrus trees in Fresno County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

SMALL FRUITS

EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults and larvae averaged
51 per leaf in untreated grape vineyards; bronzing of foliage noted in Erie
County; current population density lower than that of last 2 weeks. (Jubb).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus frontalis) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Expect increas-
ing populations and damage. (Fox).

DOUGLAS FIR TUSSOCK MOTH (Hemerocampa pseudotsugata) - CALIFORNIA - Infestation
and damage increased in El Dorado, Calaveras, and Amador Counties. About two
percent natural virus infection throughout insect populations. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

VARIABLE OAKLEAF CATERPILLAR (Heterocampa manteo) - NORTH DAKOTA - Causing
defoliation in Fort Totten area, Benson County, and Killdeer Mountain area, Dunn
County. In Benson County, basswood trees 100 percent defoliated, most larvae
dropped to ground in prepupal stage. In Dunn County, paper birch and basswood
defoliated, larvae not as far advanced; more defoliation possible. (Brandvik).

= 674 =

MAN AND ANIMALS

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - WISCONSIN - Heavy on cattle in Chippewa County.
(Wis. Ins. Sur.). CALIFORNIA - Collected and determined by L. Dunning August 31
from livestock in Sacramento County. This is a new county record, (Cal. Coop.
Rpt.)

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - WISCONSIN - Populations continue moderate on
most dairy farms, heavy in parts of Calumet and Walworth Counties. (Wis. Ins.
Sur .)i-

MOSQUITOES - CALIFORNIA - Increased in many areas. Light annoyance continues in
city areas, Anopheles moved from rice fields into populated areas. Horse immuni-
zation totals about 300,000 for Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis. Checks for
disease in human and horse populations negative. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). WISCONSIN -
Very heavy from low areas in several counties throughout State. Some increase in
biting noted throughout the central counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). MINNESOTA -
Larval collections showed 70 percent of samples contained Aedes vexans, 4.5 per-
cent contained A. triseriatus and 5.8 percent Culex tarsalis. Special efforts
made to locate tree-hole breeding sites of A. triseriatus. In light trap collec-
tion 85 percent of 5,087 females taken were A. vexans, 4 percent were Culiseta
morsitans, and 2.5 percent Anopheles walkeri. In evening bite collection

100 percent A. vexans. In daytime collection 71 percent A. vexans and 1l percent
A. trivittatus. Other Aedes included triseriatus, fitchii, excrucians, cinereus,
sticticus, and stimulans. A few Coquillettidia perturbans also taken. (Minn.
Pest Rpt.).

GIANT HORNET (Vespa crabro germana) - INDIANA - A nest, built by this species,
taken in Marion County. This iS a new county record. (Clark).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

RANGE CATERPILLAR (Hemileuca oliviae) - NEW MEXICO - Larvae pupating on range-
land in Lincoln County. (Nielsen) .

GRASSHOPPERS - WYOMING - Adult grasshopper survey completed. Total of 163,680 acres
of private, State and Federal rangeland economically infested. Aulocara elliotti,
Camnula pellucida, Ageneotettix deorum, Melanoplus infantilis and Amphitornus

coloradus species involved. (Hardy).

JAPANESE BEETLE (Popillia japonica) - OHIO - In August, adults removed from red
raspberry plants in Lorain County averaged 25 per day. Three to 5 percent of leaves
destroyed. Moderate to heavy damage observed on wild and domesticated grapes.
(Kumheva) .

EUROPEAN CRANE FLY (Tipula paludosa) - WASHINGTON - Adults, male and female, seen
near lights at Ferndale, Whatcom County. (Holmes).

WESTERN GRAPELEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - CALIFORNIA - Surveys negative
at Sacramento, Sacramento County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA - Sterile moths released at
Bakersfield, Kern County totaled 3,814,500; total of 73,195,500 moths released
during 1971 season. (PPD). TEXAS - Heavy infestations in north-central areas. In
Collin County, larvae averaged 2.2 per boll in fields surveyed. In Johnson, Ellis,
Kaufman, and Denton Counties, extent of infestation presently unknown. Light and
scattered in Pecos County; in Coyanosa area heavy infestation in isolated field.
Boll infestation in El Paso County averaged less than 4 percent. Light in

isolated fields in Glasscock County. (Turney et al.). FLORIDA - Eleven larvae,
five pupae collected from wild cotton at Tavernier, Monroe County, August 26,
Determined by V.H. Owens. (Creamer).

- 675 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Corn - CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) nymphs and adults light in 30 acres
of seed corn at Kilauea, Kauai. (Sugawa

Turf and Pasture - GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) larval infestation
trace in Kikuyu and Bermuda grasses at memorial parks and golf course fairways
at Kaneoke, Oahu; less than one larva per square foot; adults nil. Light trap
collections indicate light increase. (Kawamura).

General Vegetables - BEAN FLY (Melanagromyza phaseoli) light in small planting of
long beans at Waimanalo, Oahu; 9 adults emerged from 22 infested petioles;
parasites nil. Infestation severe in 0.1 acre of Snap bean seedlings at Waimanalo,
Oahu; 100 percent of seedlings with signs of larval infestation; adults trace,
less than one per leaf. Infestation trace in 0.1 acre of Same crop in adjacent
field. Infested material held for observation. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae)
infestation heavy in backyard plantings of bittermelon (Momordica charantia) at
Ewa, Oahu; many vines severely affected. Numerous larvae of Azya luteipes

lady beetle) preying on scales. Three adults of MEMBRACID BUG (Antianthe expansa)
collected from small backyard planting of tomato at Ewa, Oahu. Reported on
tomatoes in California; this is first record on tomato in Hawaii. All stages of
LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) heavy in 0.5 acre of cucumber seedlings at
Wailua, Kauai. Mines moderate on 50 percent of leaves in 0.2 acre of snap beans
at Waimanalo, Oahu; adults trace, less than 1 per leaf. (Ikehara, Kawamura).

Fruits and Nuts - Several larvae of a SWALLOWTAIL BUTTERFLY (Papilio xuthus)
feeding on leaves of Triphasia trifoliata at Kuliouou, Oahu. This is first
Hawaiian record on this host. According to literature apparently predominant host
on Guam. Two eggs of P. xuthus collected from citrus leaves at Foster Village,
Oahu parasitized by Trichogramma sp. (a trichogrammatid wasp); first record of
field parasitism of this pest in Hawaii. Of 62 eggs collected in this area, 43
found parasitized. (Kahale, Kumashiro). Larvae and adults of ORCHID WEEVIL
(Orchidophilus aterrimus) moderate in backyard collection of Phalaenopsis orchid
plants; about 15-20 percent of 350 plants severely affected by feeding. Adults
trace in small orchid nursery at Aina Haina, Oahu; 7 adults collected from young
Dendrobium shoots. (Miyahira, Kawamura).

Man and Animals - Trapped 234 VEXANS MOSQUITO (Aedes vexans nocturnus) and 2,176
SOUTHERN HOUSE MOSQUITO (Culex pipiens quinquefasSciatus) in 54 light traps on
Oahu during August. Aedes per trap ranged from none to high of 208 at Kahaluu.
Culex per trap ranged from none to high of 1,000 at Honouliuli. (Mosq. Contr.
Br., Dept. of Health).

Beneficial Insects - On Kauai, field examination of Indian rhododendron (Melastoma
malabathricum) fruits infested 20 and 6 percent respectively at Hanahanapuni and
Knudsen Gap by MELASTOMA BORER (Selca brunella). (Sugawa).

Miscellaneous Pests - Specimens of GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina fulica)
collected and destroyed numbered 50+ at Kahaluu, Kona, Hawaii during August.
Snail activity during most of summer at this site practically nil; poison bait
applications initiated. (Yoshioka).

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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 September 24, 1971 Number 39

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

CORN EARWORM larvae damaged soybeans in Virginia, South Carolina, and heavy in
corn in Kentucky. (p. 679).

BANKS GRASS MITE situation in Trans-Pecos area of Texas (p. 679). Heavy and
increasing on sorghum in west Texas. (p. 680).

SORGHUM MIDGE damaged sorghum in Missouri and Oklahoma. (p. 680).

FALL ARMYWORM larvae damaged sorghum in Texas (p. 680). Damaged grasses in
Texas, South Carolina, and Oklahoma. Damaged alfalfa in Oklahoma. (p. 681).

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE damaged soybeans in North Carolina and Virginia. (p. 682).
BOLLWORMS continue to damage cotton in several States. (p. 682).

PINK BOLLWORM heavy in cotton bolls in north-central Texas. (p. 686). Collected
23,437 moths in blacklight trap in McLennan County, Texas.

ORIENTAL FRUIT FLY male trapped in Orange County, California. (p. 686).

Detection

New State records include BARK BEETLES from North Dakota (p. 684), EASTERN
PINESHOOT BORER from West Virginia (p. 684), and NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM from
Virginia (p. 680).

For new county and island records see page 689.

Special Reports

Distribution of Mexican Bean Beetle. Map. (p. 690).

Reports in this issue are for week ending September 17 unless otherwise indicated.

- 677 -

= 678 -

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional Significance......ececeeeeecescrevesssecessesevsessOl9
Insects Affecting
Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane.....++++..679 Beans) and! PeasicicieielelelcieleletalelalelelerOCe

Small (Gradinsint. sieretolctotdielate elelelelcteletotere 4 GO Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.......683
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland..........681 Smal ErulicSisererclalelclelsitelelsleliciarelelelerOoe

Forage, Legumes <ic)e1) 2 /s)cilelelsverelsiiche(el ee OOL Ornamenitall’Siicrerelelelelslslelelsle/ clelete/cleleilOoes
SOVPEANS ioc) ctelelclaliolelieloleuerslolelelcteletencereveKe OC: Forest and Shade Trees..........684
COLON s:oic selodevelehalotolcisichel elelielelalolede/ehatolclel OO e Man and Animals). cj ciicic« cls ec cleleieisOGo
Surarmy Beet sSiteteretel ele cle! etel ej cloleletehelelch altel OCs Households and Structures.......685

Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers........682

Bene ficial TnSeCts cic cicicicl evel elelehelelelalelslevetotorolelelorelekelelelelevolereloleleletololelohelchelictelolehelatelsheNeraraciracs
Federal and State Plant Protecttiion ProgramSis « «icc clclelelelclclovciclcielelelcicleeeletenstel sl eteheltaCoe
Hawaies Insect REPO sElaj<\ococolsle: sicbevenste ic ekelorstalicdelots eilele! clelal oheleveliele) dhelelalelciene aackolelsjel es eietaleierare cit
Deite Gitonier. is: cic o's eels avelelelevelolialisticileiisfelelelievslecetellaioso) slelslel cilol(olevalaleliohelolct let eXelctevel ci e\elelolatcketelsietatenel Crit’
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WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING SEPTEMBER 20

Reprinted from Weekly and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data Service,
NOAA.

HIGHLIGHTS: The coolest weather of the season came to the Rocky Mountains and
parts of the Great Plains. Heaviest rains fell in southern Texas and parts of the
Deep South.

PRECIPITATION: Numerous showers and thunderstorms occurred from the Ohio Valley
to the Northeast, Monday, September 13. Rain and fog covered New England.
Scattered showers and thunderstorms also occurred in southern Texas and in
central Florida. A few thunderstorms also dotted the mountains in the Southwest.
Elsewhere fair skies persisted. Strong winds downed trees and power lines in
Williamsburg, Massachusetts, Monday afternoon. Heavy rains in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, area Tuesday, caused flash flooding along Chester Creek. Several
persons were drownedydozens injured,and hundreds of families were forced from
their homes. Local flooding occurred in Tulsa, Oklahoma, area Tuesday morning
after 5.76 inches of rain fell in 6 hours. More heavy rains at Tulsa Thursday,
brought the September 1971 total to 13.83 inches, setting a new record for
September. The previous record for the entire month is 12.04 inches which fell
in September 1936. The september normal is 4.01 inches. Hurricane Edith slammed
into the LouiSiana coast Thursday, accompanied by heavy rains and a few tornadoes.
A tornado at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, shattered glass at a school and damaged
several buildings at a shopping center. Showers and thunderstorms occurred
Thursday along a front from Oklahoma to New Jersey. At Johnstown, Pennsylvania,
winds gusted to 95 m.p.h. accompanied by hail 0.25 inch in diameter. Heavy snow
fell along the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains late in the week. By Friday
evening, snow had accumulated to 14 inches at Boulder, Colorado, and by Saturday
morning, 15.3 inches had fallen at Denver. Although this is an unusual amount for
so early in the season it does not establish a new record. In September 1936,
Denver received 19.4 inches of snow in 24 hours. The weight of the snow on trees,
which were still in full foliage, at Denver caused considerable limb breakage.
The weekend precipitation included scattered amounts from the Rocky Mountains

to the Great Plains, light to heavy showers along a front which stretched from
Michigan to the lower Mississippi River Valley. Heavy rains in Mississippi from
the remnants of Hurricane Edith and light to moderate rains from the Appalachian
Mountains to the Atlantic coast.

For continuation of weather of the week and for 30-day forecast, see page 689.

= 679))—

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - WISCONSIN - Eggs numerous on late sweet corn in
southern Marinette County. All plants infested at 2 of 3 locations; eggs averaged
3 per silk. Many eggs hatched on September 14 and first instar larvae in silk
channels; some second instar larvae reached ear tips. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). DELAWARE -
Adults averaged 35 per night in blacklight traps in Sussex County and larvae heavy
on late-planted sweet corn in central Sussex County. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz).
MARYLAND - Moths ranged 12-40 per night at Centreville, Queen Annes County.

Light (2-3 percent) in soybeans in Wicomico and Worcester Counties. First and
second instars light on snap beans in Caroline and Wicomico Counties. (U. Md.,
Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Damage light in most areas, (Allen). Damage to soybeans
occurred in few areas, larvae feeding almost exclusively on pods. (Hofmaster).
KENTUCKY - Damaged corn in Fayette County. Larvae ranged 4-5 per ear at one
location on late corn. (Barnett). TENNESSEE - Surveys indicate no economic damage
to soybeans. (Gordon et al.). SOUTH CAROLINA - Continues to damage soybeans.
Numerous larvae diseased. (Thomas). ARKANSAS - Few fields treated in Lafayette
County. Danger to soybeans ended for season. Controls applied to fewer fields in
1971 than in previous years. (Boyer). COLORADO - Ear infestations of this species
and Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) ranged 0-100 percent (average 40.6
percent) in Arkansas Valley corn. (Schweissing).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - WASHINGTON - Survey of wheatfields in Benton
and Franklin Counties revealed single winged female with young in one Franklin
County location. (Klostermeyer). COLORADO - Continues light or none in Arkansas
Valley area. Parasitism at 50 percent. Damage most severe in late sorghum. Most
sorghum lightly damaged. (Schweissing). TEXAS - Very light in Trans-Pecos area,
less than 25 per sorghum plant in most fields. (Neeb).

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - COLORADO - Ranged 0-2,000 per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Arkansas Valley. (Schweissing),

TOBACCO HORNWORM (Manduca sexta) - KENTUCKY - Damaged tobacco in Scott and
Fayette Counties. Larvae averaged 17 per 20 plants -in Clark County and 8 per, 50
plants in Fayette County. (Barnett).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE
Banks Grass Mite Situation in the Trans-Pecos Area of Texas

Banks grass mite (Oligonychus pratensis) has been serious pest in Trans-Pecos area
since 1967. Prior to that time present, but could be controlled with most miticides
cleared for use on grain sorghum. Control was difficult in Dell City and Ft.
Stockton areas in 1969. By 1969, most miticides were ineffective and damage was
heavy on grain sorghum in all areas of Trans-Pecos except El Paso Valley.

During 1970, the entire Trans-Pecos area had damage on grain Sorghum and silage

corn. The El Paso Valley has substantial grain sorghum acreage for first time in
1970. Only a small portion of grain sorghum planted in 1969 in Ft. Stockton area
was planted in 1970 because of Oo. pratensis.

The 1971 situation was severe in El Paso Valley, especially on corn for tortilla
meal and foliage. Infestations on corn were noted at an earlier stage (pre-tassel) ;
however, previously heavy populations were not noted until post-tassel in corn

and after boot stage in grain sorghum. Most of the grain sorghum in El Paso Valley
was planted late and O. pratensis has moved from corn into grain sorghum. Sorghum
fields near corn were most heavily damaged.

This pest has not been a serious problem in Dell City area or Pecos Valley during
1971. Infestations are now present in these areas but rains and cool cloudy
weather have apparently slowed population development. (Pate).

- 680 -

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - TEXAS - This reporting period counts
heavy and increasing on grain sorghum in El Paso, Reeves, and Pecos Counties.
Isolated fields in Reeves County show 80-95 percent of total leaf surface
desiccated. Few heavily infested fields in Reeves County had sorghum heads
completely webbed. (Neeb). OKLAHOMA - Heavy infestations still in scattered
grain sorghum in Texas County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). COLORADO - Declining in most
Arkansas Valley areas; many fields show some damage. (Schweissing). WYOMING -
Damage continues heavy in many cornfields in Big Horn, Park, Hot Springs,
Platte, and Goshen Counties. (Burkhardt).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - DELAWARE - Adults averaged 12 per
night in blacklight trap at Bridgeville, Sussex County, lesser flights elsewhere.
About 75 percent of egg masses on sweet corn at Georgetown September 13,
parasitized by Trichogramma sp. (a minute egg parasite). (Davis). WEST VIRGINIA -
Surveys indicate populations in Cabell, Mason, Putnam, Jackson, and Wood Counties
averaged less than one larva per stalk with less than 20 percent infestation.

(W. Va. Ins. Sur.). NORTH CAROLINA - Heavy infestation over entire State. Average
infestation is about 30 percent. County averages range from 6 percent on stalks
infested to 70+ percent. Little lodging has occurred. (Hunt). WISCONSIN - Larvae
numerous in individual late sweet corn in southern and northeastern counties.
Most larvae in third, fourth, and fifth instars. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). IOWA - Moth
flights peaked in Polk County September 11 and in Boone County September 10. Most
corn unattractive to third-generation moth egg laying. (Iowa Ins. Sur.).

NEBRASKA - Second-generation larval infestations 92-100 percent in Saunders and
Dodge Counties. Larvae ranged 250-850 per 100 plants. (Roselle). KANSAS - Percent
infested corn plants in 4 fields: Up to 72 percent in Stanton County, up to 28
percent in Finney County, and up to 28 percent in Scott County. No lodging or ear
drop noted. Scott and Stanton are new county records. Determined by M.L. Shuman,
(Bell).

NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) - WEST VIRGINIA - Adults 10-30
per stalk; damage moderate to tassels and Silk in Mason County, September 14.
Collected by J.D. Hacker. This is a new county record. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).
VIRGINIA - Adults reported from alfalfa field in Floyd County August 19, 1971.
Specimens collected on August 27, 1971 from this field. Collected by W.A. Allen.
Determined by R.E. White. This is a new State record. (Allen). NEW HAMPSHIRE -
Adults on sweet corn silks at Durham, Strafford County. (Morse).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - MISSOURI - Damaged late-planted sorghum
throughout southeast area. Some very late sorghum will not be harvested. (Munson).
OKLAHOMA - Continues heavy in late grain sorghum in Wagoner County. Heavy in few
fields in Payne County, light adult populations seen. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Up to 80 percent of ears
girdled at base in Scattered corn in Texas County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

TWOSPOTTED SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus urticae) - WASHINGTON - Heavy in most field
corn in central Columbia BaSin area. (Klostermeyer).

SMALL GRAINS

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - TEXAS - Heavy in Wilbarger, Wichita,
Dickens, Shackelford, Throckmorton, Young, and Baylor Counties. Damage heavy on
early planted small grain in some cases. Larvae completely destroyed 40 acres of
wheat in Dickens County. (Boring).

WHEAT STEM SAWFLY (Cephus cinctus) - NORTH DAKOTA - Survey of wheat stubble for
cutting completed in 12 counties. Cut stems ranged up to 15.7 (averaged 0.8)
percent. Slight increase from 0.7 percent in 1970. Cutting evident in 54 percent
of fields this year and 52 percent in 1970. (Brandvik, Kaatz).

= 681 —

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Damaged coastal Bermuda
grass in Lee and Marlboro Counties. (Nettles). TEXAS - All south-central area
counties Surrounding Gonzales reported economic damarce to pastureland. In College
Station area, Brazos County, larvae heavy on coastal Sermuda grass. (Cole et al.).
OKLAHOMA - Heavily damaged new Bermuda grass lawns in Kay County. Some lawn

damage in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

CHINCH BUGS (Blissus spp.) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults and nymphs of B. leucopterus
leucopterus (chinch bug) damaged lawns in Centre County. (Adams). OHIO — Adults
and nymphs of B. leucopterus hirtus (hairy chinch bug) 150+ per square foot in
lawns in Wayne County. (Niemczyk).

TWOLINED SPITTLEBUG (Prosapia bicincta) - ALABAMA - Adults and nymphs heavy in
western Monroe County in Bermuda grass fields. Controls applied. (Lemons, Smith),
Heavy and damaging large coastal Bermuda grass field in Dale County. Damaged
some fields in Barbour County. (Estes, Walton).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - NEVADA - Ranged 4-5 per sweep of alfalfa
in Reese River Valley, Lander County, hay fields. (Hilbig). NEW MEXICO - Larvae
ranged 8-15 per 25 sweeps of alfalfa near Roswell, Chaves County. (Mathews).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - ARIZONA - Larvae 360 per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa in north Gila Valley, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). OKLAHOMA - Larvae
destroyed some alfalfa seedling fields in Garfield County. Heavy in Atoka County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.).

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Larvae per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in
Yuma County: North Gila Valley 1,320 and Yuma Valley 60. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

WESTERN YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera praefica) - IDAHO - Larvae damaged
alfalfa, sugarbeets, and other crops in Canyon, Elmore, Owyhee, Payette, and
Washington Counties. Control needed in many cases. (Homan). NEVADA - Small larvae
medium on alfalfa in Mason and Smith Valleys, Lyon County. (Batchelder).
Occasional larva in hayfields in Reese River Valley, Lander County. (Hilbig).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Yuma County; North Gila Valley 600, south Gila Valley 190,
Yuma Mesa 340, and Yuma Valley 840. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). MISSOURI - Adults ranged
2-18 per 10 sweeps of alfalfa in southeastern area. Discoloration of girdled
plants appearing in extreme southeast counties. (Munson).

MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - KENTUCKY - Adults averaged 320 per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Madison County. (Barnett).

A LYGUS BUG (Lygus sp.) - COLORADO - Ranged 0-800 per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in
Arkansas Valley. Potential to become economic on seed field exists. (Schweissing).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - NEW MEXICO - Increased in Chaves County alfalfa.
Ranged from 40 to 500+ per 25 sweeps in fields checked. (Mathews). Light in
alfalfa in southern Dona Ana County. (Riddle).

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - ARIZONA - Collected on alfalfa by J. May in
Coconino County at Fredonia May 27. This is a new county record. Determined by
R.E. Warner. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

= 682 -

SOYBEANS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - NORTH CAROLINA - Foliage loss 50+
percent in Pasquotank County. Populations increased throughout Coastal Plains.
Defoliation 15 percent in Scotland County. (Westcott et al.). VIRGINIA - Controls
underway in Tidewater areas, especially south of Rappahannock River. Reports of
10-acre field with near 100 percent defoliation in Nansemond County. Adults
increased to outbreak proportions in Accomac and Northampton Counties. (Allen).

BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults averaged 15 per
linear foot in Lowndes County field. Averaged 6 per linear foot in Monroe County
field. (Robinson).

VELVETBEAN CATERPILLAR (Anticarsia gemmatalis) - FLORIDA - Increased on unsprayed
soybeans at Quincy, Gadsden County; Small larvae 4 per row foot; many commercial
fields treated near Quincy, September 7. (Greene); all stages but mostly smaller
larvae 8 per row foot (second week at this level) on unsprayed soybeans near
Gainesville, Alachua County. (Whitcomb).

COTTON

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - ARIZONA - Many fields treated for H. zea in Salt
River Valley, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - In El Paso County,
less than 4 percent H. zea infestations in unsprayed fields. In Reeves County,
2-5 percent with heavier infestations in sprayed fields. In Midland, Glasscock,
and Martin Counties, less than 2 percent. In Pecos County, 2-6 percent infesta-
tions. Increase noted in isolated fields in Bakersfield area of Pecos County.
Eggs increased in terminals of late-planted cotton. Eggs ranged 20-55 per 100
terminals in these fields. (Neeb). OKLAHOMA - H. zea damage averaged 30 percent
in Marshall County and ranged 5-7 percent in Tillman County. Moderate in Bryan
County and light in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TENNESSEE - H. zea larvae
caused damage throughout western areas. (Locke). ARKANSAS - Of 3,265 Specimens
collected on cotton, 75 or 2.14 percent determined H. virescens. This species
averaged 5.1 percent for previous 10 years. H. vireScens relatively heavy in
certain spots. Heliothis spp. populations remain heavy in some cotton in south-
west areas. (Boyer).

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TENNESSEE - Damage heavy to late cotton in
western areas. No damage noted in early cotton. (Locke). TEXAS - Remained light
in Glasscock, Midland, and Martin Counties. Punctured squares averaged 5 percent
in Glasscock County. Averaged less than 5 percent in Midland and Martin Counties.
Heavy in parts of Nolan County. Heavy in Wichita, Wilbarger, and Fisher Counties.
(Neeb, Boring). OKLAHOMA - Punctured squares averaged 30 percent in Marshall
County and 20 percent in Tillman County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

SUGAR BEETS

SPINACH LEAFMINER (Pegomya hyoscyami) - WYOMING -- Late generation infested 0-50
percent of sugar beet plants in several fields near Powell, Park County. (Murray).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

TOMATO FRUITWORM (Heliothis zea) - COLORADO - Moths increased in light trap. Egg
counts 1 per 300 tomato leaves in Arkansas Valley. (Schweissing). UTAH - Infesta-
tion light in northern and central area tomato fields, (Knowlton). NEW MEXICO -
Damaged fruit in Berino area, Dona Ana County; about 1 out of 5 ripening tomatoes
damaged. (Riddle).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - DELAWARE - Larval infestation of sweet
peppers averages 42 percent. Third-generation larvae present in 33 percent of
infested fruit. No fresh egg masses found on September 15 in northwestern Sussex
County. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). WISCONSIN - Damaged 5 acres of peppers in Walworth
County. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

= 683 -

BEANS AND PEAS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - OHIO - Larvae 14 and adults 5 per
lima bean plant in Licking County. (Andress).

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - ALABAMA - Damaging populations still on pecans
in untreated orchards in Clay, Lowndes, and Montgomery Counties. (Cowan et al.).
NORTH CAROLINA - Infestations in pecan and walnut trees east of Winston Salem,
heavier than usual; 20 webs per tree are common. Damage occurring in mountain
sourwoods and persimmons; webs are about one half as many as in Piedmont and
Coastal Plains. (Johnson et al.). OKLAHOMA - Heavy on pecan, walnut, and per-
simmon in Garvin County and scattered areas of McClain, Cleveland, Oklahoma, and
Logan Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

PECAN WEEVIL (Curculio caryae) - TEXAS - Damage heavy on pecans in Young and
Wichita Counties. (Boring). OKLAHOMA - Adults emerging in pecan groves in Rogers
County. Larvae emerging from early maturing nuts in Payne County. Light to
moderate in Cleveland County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ALABAMA - Adults appeared three
weeks ago in commercial groves in Monroe County; currently controls applied.
(Lemons). Still damaging in many orchards in Covington and Lowndes Counties.
(Linder, Gerald).

TWOMARKED TREEHOPPER (Enchenopa binotata) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adult oviposition
abundant on English walnut trees in Blair County. (Gesell).

WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) - KANSAS - Defoliation moderate to heavy
to black walnuts in grove in Riley County. Currently clustering on trunks of
trees. (Bell). OKLAHOMA - Second-generation larvae heavy on pecans in Payne,
Coal, and Atoka Counties. Larvae mostly last or next to last instars in most
areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

SPIDER MITES - UTAH - Tetranychus spp. caused serious injury to apple foliage

in some Moab, Grand County orchards, and moderate to severe injury at Blanding,
San Juan County. (Jones). MASSACHUSETTS - Panonychus ulmi (European red mite) and
Tetranychus urticae (twospotted spider mite) 109 and 20, respectively, per 100
leaves on treated apple trees in Hampshire County. (Blyth, Jensen).

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - UTAH - Light to moderate damage in Grand
and San Juan Counties and some northern area apple and pear orchards. (Jones,
Knowlton).

ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) - IOWA - Single late instar larva
collected in peach fruit at Ankeny, Polk County, September 12. This is a new
county record. (Iowa Ins. Sur.).

ORNAMENTALS

A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyai) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults abundant on Hinodegeri
azalea in Dublin Township, Bucks County. (Christie). New host variety record.
Adults collected on Pieris in Allentown, Lehigh County, September 10 by T. Wolf.
Determined by E. Simons. This is a new county record. (Kim).

SMALL FRUITS

WESTERN GRAPELEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - ARIZONA - Larvae defoliated
small fruit in yard plantings in Safford and Salt River Valley, Graham and
Maricopa Counties. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

- 684 -

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

WESTERN PINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus brevicomis) - CALIFORNIA - Infesting single
trees, saplings, and young Saw timber ponderosa pine trees in 50-acre stand.
About 20 trees killed in West Grider Creek area, Klamath National Forest.
(McMurtrey USFS).

PINE ENGRAVER (Ips pini) - ARIZONA - Forest Service annual aerial insect detection
survey shows increase in "red top" Ponderosa Pine. Forests showing heaviest damage
Coronado, Tonto, and Sitgreaves. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

A BARK BEETLE (Pseudopityophthorus pruinosus) - WEST VIRGINIA - Adults collected
from oak trees affected with oak wilt diseaSe in Hampshire, Mineral, Grant, Hardy,
Lincoln, Fayette, and Wayne Counties. Collected and determined by C.O. Rexrode,
March, 1971. These are new county records. (W. Va., Ins. Sur.).

ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) - MISSOURI - Adults collected in Ste.
Genevieve and Bollinger Counties. These are new county records. (Munson).

A BARK BEETLE (Chaetophloeus heterodoxus) - NORTH DAKOTA - Adults collected from
chokecherry in McHenry County by A.D. Tagestad on March 28, 1971. Determined by
S.L. Wood. This is a new State record. (Stein).

A BARK BEETLE (Phloeotribus dentifrons) - NORTH DAKOTA - Adults collected from
hackberry in McHenry County by A.D. Tagestad on May 17, 1971. Determined by S.L.
Wood. This is a new State record. (Stein).

ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - IDAHO - Last instar larvae feeding in Coeur
d'Alene, Kootenai County. (Stranahan). First report of severe larvae activity
north of Lewiston, Nez Perce County. (Portman). IOWA - Specimens taken in Carroll
County September 13 and Story County September 17 for new county records. (Iowa
Ins) Sur.)

ALDER FLEA BEETLE (Altica ambiens) - CALIFORNIA - Defoliating about 2 acres of
alder along Indian Creek in Happy Camp area, Siskiyou County, Klamath National
Forest. (Waldapfel USFS).

EASTERN PINESHOOT BORER (Eucosma gloriola) - WEST VIRGINIA - Larval damage light
to Scotch pine in Mineral County. Collected by D. Eskridge, June 24, 1971.
Determined by D.M. Weisman. This is a new State record. (W. Va., Ins. Sur.).
Also recorded from New York, Pennsylvania, and Connecticut. (PPD).

SEQUOIA PITCH MOTH (Vespamima sequoiae) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae and pupae heavy in
twigs, bark, and on trunks of Pinus radiata in Natural Bridges State Park in
Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

AMERICAN DAGGER MOTH (Acronicta americana) - NEVADA - Light to medium infestations
on boxelder at Genoa, Douglas County, and Reno, Washoe County. (Hilbig, Lauderdale
et al.).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - OHIO - Larvae observed on black cherry, black
walnut, and other tree species in Tuscarawas, Carroll, Columbiana, and Jefferson
Counties. Populations heavy. (Riddle). TENNESSEE - Second-generation larvae
damaged pecan, walnut, and other trees throughout State. (Gordon). CALIFORNIA - .
Larvae building up on madrone trees along Klamath River from Happy Camp to Oak
Knoll in Siskiyou County. (Dirckson USFS).

MIMOSA WEBWORM (Homadaula anisocentra) - OKLAHOMA - Scattered moderate to heavy
infestations on mimoSa in Pauls Valley, Garvin County, Purcell, McClain County,
and Norman, Cleveland County. Light in Guthrie, Logan County. These are new
county records. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

- 685 -

WALKINGSTICK (Diapheromera femorata) - OHIO - Heavy in and around Perry County
reclamation area. Infestation that defoliated 1,000+ acres in same area in 1970
caused extensive mortality to pure stands of black locust this year. (Guy,
Ehlers).

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 36 cases reported in U.S.
September 5-11 as follows: TEXAS - Brewster 1, Crockett 1, Dimmit 1, Edwards 2,
Hidalgo 1, Kinney 8, Maverick 1, Pecos 1, Presidio 1, Val Verde 11, Zavala l,
Bowie 1, Lampasas 1, and San Saba 3; ARKANSAS - Miller 1. Reported 31 cases
September 12-18 as follows: TEXAS - Bexar 1, Brewster 1, Crockett 1,

Edwards 1, Kinney 3, Pecos 5, Presidio 1, Val Verde 6, Bowie 1, Gillespie l,
Irion 2, Lampasas 3, San Saba 3, and Sutton 1; ARKANSAS - Little River 1. Total
of 354 cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows:
Sonora 9, Chihuahua 166, Coahuila 97, Nuevo Leon 30, Tamaulipas 52. Total of 64
cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where
eradication operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining
population in U.S. Sterile screw-worm flies released; Texas 55,388,000;
Arkansas 1,960,000; Arizona 6,330,000; Mexico 91,228,000. (Anim. Health Div.).

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - NEBRASKA - Averaged 400 per animal in Keith and
Lincoln Counties. (Campbell). TEXAS - Heavy on cattle from several counties in
Trans-Pecos area. Heavy in Shackelford County. (Neeb, Boring). OKLAHOMA - Ranged
850-1,000 per head on cattle early in week in Payne County and 250-400 on same
cattle after cool weather. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Light to moderate
(200-500 per animal) on cattle in Oktibbeha, Lee, and Monroe Counties. (Robinson).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - MARYLAND - Ranged 10-24 per head of cattle in
Montgomery, Prince Georges, and Howard Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). SOUTH
DAKOTA - Light on livestock checked at higher elevations in Black Hills in
Lawrence County. Averaged 2 per head of stock in southeast area near Nemo,

during week ending September 12. This is a new county record. (Jones). NEBRASKA -
Counts decreasing; averaged 5 per face near North Platte, Lincoln County.
(Campbell). UTAH - Taken at Scipio, Millard County, for a new County record.
(Hanson). Troublesome to horses and cattle in Cache, Box Elder, Weber, and Davis
County farm areas. (Knowlton).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - WISCONSIN - Light to moderate annoyance to
cattle in Chippewa, Outagamie, Rock, and Calumet Counties. Severe annoyance in
portions of Columbia and Walworth Counties. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Decreasing
in feedlots. Five per leg average. Lincoln County. (Campbell).

MOSQUITOES - MINNESOTA - Collected 4,470 females during week ending September 10
in light traps. Aedes vexans accounted for 88 percent of total, Culiseta
morsitans 2.6 percent, C. inornata 1 percent, Anopheles walkeri 1.9, and Culex
tarSalis 0.5. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

A SOFTBACKED TICK (Ornithodoros concanensis) - CALIFORNIA - Adults medium at
San Leandro, Alameda County. Bite very painful. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES

A DRYWOOD TERMITE (Kalotermes approximatus) - FLORIDA - Winged reproductives
present in dead, live oak Stump (Quercus virginiana) at Gainesville, Alachua
County September 6. Earlier than usual October and November season for winged
reproductives. (Hetrick).

SMOKYBROWN COCKROACH (Periplaneta fuliginosa) - CALIFORNIA - Adults infested
residence at 20 per square yard in Concord, Contra Costa County. Not known to
occur in State other than this infestation, and eradication treatment underway.
(Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

- 686 -

A POWDERPOST BEETLE (Lyctus africanus) - ARKANSAS - Intercepted from wooden crates
shipped from India. AlI materials destroyed. (Boyer).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

LADY BEETLES - COLORADO - These and Nabis spp. (damsel bugs) increased in many
alfalfa fields in Arkansas Valley to as much as 600 and 300 per 100 sweeps,
respectively. Heavier counts associated with definite decline in aphid popula-
tions. (Schweissing).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

CITRUS BLACKFLY (Aleurocanthus woglumi) - TEXAS - During period September 10-16,
about half of sixth treatment complete at Brownsville, Cameron County. Rain
hindered control efforts. Surveys in control zone showed single citrus tree with
larvae, pupae, and pupal cases; another tree leaf with larvae and pupal cases.
(PPD).

EUROPEAN CRANE FLY (Tipula paludosa) - WASHINGTON - Emergence heavy in Blaine
area; adults reported at Bellingham. Predation of mating adults by carabid and
staphylinid beetles noted at residence in Blaine, Whatcom County. Infestation
appears to be lighter than 1970; adult emergence apparently peaked. (Jackson).

GRASSHOPPERS - WASHINGTON - Adult survey for 1971 indicated total of 32,200
acres of rangeland, in 11 counties, with infestation at levels to cause economic
damage. Heaviest counts in Asotin, Whitman, Yakima, and Columbia Counties.
(Jackson, Nonini). MONTANA - Melanoplus sanguinipes ranged 10-20 per square yard
on 30,000-50,000 acres between Eureka, Lincoln County, and Canadian border.
(Cowan). SOUTH DAKOTA - Adult survey indicated that threatening to severe
infestations existed on 526,000 acres of cropland. Totaled 145,000 acres more
than in 1970. Most of increase in acreage noted in West River area; in 1970,
classed aS noneconomic. On rangeland this year 47,000 acres classed light,
17,700 acres threatening to severe infestation. (PPD).

ORIENTAL FRUIT FLY (Dacus dorsalis) - CALIFORNIA - Single male taken in trap in
yard at Garden Grove, Orange County on September 8 by K. Reese. Determined by
G. Okumura. This location near where flies trapped in 1970 in Los Alamitos
Naval grounds. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - TENNESSEE - All trapping has been
negative. (PPD). TEXAS - Infestations heavy in north-central area. Heavy in

bolls in Collin, Delta, and Rockwall Counties. Other infestations reported from
Hill, Navarro, Ellis, Kaufman, and Dallas Counties. Light, scattered infestations
in Pecos Valley; ranged 1-3 percent infested bolls. Ranged 15-35 percent infested
bolls in isolated fields near Coyanosa, Pecos County. Light, averaged less than

3 percent infested bolls in El Paso, Reeves, Midland, Glasscock, and Reagan
Counties. Pecos Experiment Station farm in Reeves County reported 3 percent
infested bolls. (Turney, Neeb). ARIZONA - Building up in all areas at Safford,
Graham County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Coilected 19 moths in 10 hexalure
traps on August 30, at Carlsbad, Eddy County. (Mathews).

WOOLLY WHITEFLY (Aleurothrixus floccosus) - CALIFORNIA - Inspection east of Balboa
Park revealed 95 properties with 267 infested trees at San Diego, San Diego
County. Twenty-one parasite release sites located in this area. Some parasite
activity now appearing in older release sites in San Diego. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

RANGE CATERPILLAR (Hemileuca oliviae) - NEW MEXICO - Larvae began pupating in
Lincoln County September 6-11. Drought conditions exist in most of infested area.
(N.M. Coop. Rpt.).

(BEI

WHITEFRINGED BEETLES (Graphognathus spp.) - ALABAMA - Adults numerous in many
soybean fields in Frisco City and Uriah area of Monroe County; several growers
applied controls due to adult feeding on leaves. Abundant in scattered fields
around Chatom in Washington County. Collected 200+ adults in one hour. TENNESSEE -
Adults ranged 2-10 per hill in 3 soybean fields in Crockett County; some evidence
of larval damage. (Gordon).

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

General Vegetables - All stages of BEAN FLY (Melanagromyza phaseoli) moderate in
0.2 acre planting of snap beans at Waiahole, Oahu. On Maui, infested yardlongbean
material collected from Puunene and Waikapu revealed 100 and 57 percent parasitism
by Opius spp. (braconids). M. phaseoli infested about 1 percent of host petioles
at Lower elevations, where activity has been light. Parasitism averaged 87
(ranged 68-100) percent mostly by Opius spp. from infested cowpea and snap bean
material collected from various areaS on Kauai. (Funasaki et al.). BEET ARMYWORM
(Spodoptera exigua) generally trace to light in fields of green onion at Koko
Head and Waimanalo, Oahu; averaged less than one larva per 4 plants. (Funasaki).
Adults of a PLANT BUG (Cyrtopeltis modestus) light, 4 per plant, in small back-
yard planting of tomato at Ewa, Oahu. (Au).

Fruits and Nuts - AN ARMORED SCALE (Pinnaspis buxi) heavy on 5 coconut trees at
Lahaina, Maui; Several hundred per leaflet, few with as many as 300 per. square
inch. (Ah Sam, Miyahira).

Ornamentals - Several adults of a LYGAEID BUG (Neacoryphus bicrucis) intercepted
at Honolulu on Plumeria and Bougainvillea flowers. This is a new host record in
Hawaii, first reported in State May 1971. Collected 40+ adults from small
planting of farfugium (Ligularia tussilaginea) at Manoa, Oahu. (Shiroma,
Kawamura) .

General Pests - Collected 2 adults of a STINK BUG (Plautia stali) from oplopua
(Osmanthus Sandwicensis) at Kawela Gulch, Molokai for a new island record. First
reported in March 1968 on Oahu. (Gagne). Nymphs and/or adults of a TREEHOPPER
(Vanduzea segmentata) moderate ranged 3-10 per infested terminal on 70 percent
of terminals in small planting of naupaka (Scaevola servicea) at Kahala, Oahu.
Trace in beach side planting of same host at Kaaawa, less than one per 50
terminals. (Kawamura).

Beneficial Insects - Percentage internodes of Tribulus terrestris and T. cistoides
infested or damaged by PUNCTUREVINE STEM WEEVIL (Microtarinus lypriformis); 100
and 79 at Kihei (89 internodes checked), none and 2 at Lahaina (134 internodes
checked), respectively. Infested 89 percent of 59 internodes at Puunene, Maui.
(Miyahira).

- 688 -

DETECTION

New State Records - A BARK BEETLE (Chaetophloeus heterodoxus) NORTH DAKOTA -
McHenry County. A BARK BEETLE (Phloetribus dentifrons) NORTH DAKOTA - McHenry
County. (p. 684). EASTERN PINESHOOT BORER (Eucosma gloriola) WEST VIRGINIA -
Mineral County. (p. 684). NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis)
VIRGINIA - Floyd County. (p. 680).

New County and Island Records - ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) ARIZONA -
Coconino (p. 681). ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) MISSOURI -

Ste. Genevieve, Bollinger (p. 684). A BARK BEETLE (Pseudopityophthorus pruinosus)
WEST VIRGINIA - Hampshire, Mineral, Grant, Hardy, Lincoln, Fayette, Wayne

(p. 684). ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) IOWA - Carroll, Story (p. 684).
EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) KANSAS - Stanton, Scott (p. 680).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) SOUTH DAKOTA - Lawrence (p. 685). UTAH - Millard
(p. 685). A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyai) PENNSYLVANIA - Lehigh (p. 683).
MIMOSA WEBWORM (Homadaula anisocentra) OKLAHOMA - McClain, Cleveland, Logan

(p. 684). NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) WEST VIRGINIA - Mason
(p. 680). ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) IOWA - Polk (p. 683). A
STINK BUG (Plautia stali) HAWAII - Molokai (p. 687).

CORRECTIONS

CEIR 21(37):656, 664 - EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - ALABAMA -
Delete note on page 656 and delete new county record on page 664. Specimens
misidentified. (McQueen).

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK
MID-SEPTEMBER TO MID-OCTOBER 1971

The National Weather Service's 30-day outlook for mid-September to mid-October

is for temperatures to average below seasonal normals from the Rockies to the
Great Lakes and the southern Appalachians. Above normal averages are indicated
for the Northeast and also west of the Rockies. In unspecified areas near normal
temperatures are in prospect. Precipitation is expected to exceed normal over

the eastern quarter of the Nation and along the west gulf coast. Subnormal totals
are indicated west of the Divide and in portions of the central and southern
Plains. Elsewhere near normal precipitation is expected.

Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook"
published twice a month by the National Weather Service. You can subscribe through
the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20250. Price $5.00 a year.

Weather of the week continued from page 678.

TEMPERATURE: Hot summer weather prevailed over mid-America early in the week.
Polar air pushed into the northern Rocky Mountains and the northern Great Plains
dropping temperatures sharply. Valentine, Nebraska, warmed to 95° Monday, but no
higher than 65° Tuesday. By Thursday morning, subfreezing temperatures occurred

in spots from Oregon to the Dakotas and as far south as Alamosa, Colorado, where
28° occurred. Big Piney, Wyoming, registered 19° Thursday morning. The maximum
temperatures remained in the 50's and 60's from the Dakotas to Upper Michigan
Wednesday and Thursday. The Deep South had remained hot and humid until Wednesday,
when Jackson, Mississippi, registered 89° and the highest temperature at Jackson
Thursday was 72°. The Far Southwest continued hot with temperatures reaching 100°
or higher every afternoon. Imperial and Blythe in California recorded aaIR}°

Tuesday afternoon. San Francisco, California, registered 103° Tuesday. This is

the warmest September temperature of record for San Francisco. A large high
centered over the northern Great Plains brought the coldest weather of the season
to much of the Great Plains. Temperature at Denver, Colorado, climbed to only 35)
in the warmest part of the day Friday. On Sunday morning the mercury at Leadville,
Colorado, plunged to 90°. The weekly average temperatures over much of the Rocky
Mountains and central Great Plains were 10° to 15° below normal. In contrast, spots
in the San Joaquin Valley in California averaged 15° warmer than normal.

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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 October Wy L971! Number 40

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

CORN EARWORM larvae damaged corn in Tennessee and soybeans in Virginia.
(p. 693).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER damaged corn in North Carolina, milo in Virginia, and heavy
on corn in Nebraska. Damaged peppers in Delaware. (pp. 693, 696).

BANKS GRASS MITE heavy on sorghum in western Texas. (p. 694).

FALL ARMYWORM larvae heavy in small grains in Oklahoma and Kansas. Heavy in
grasses and alfalfa in Oklahoma. (p. 694).

cea loss to small grain estimated at 227,757 bushels in Nebraska.
Pp. .

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE adults and larvae damaged soybeans in portion of Maryland,
expect heavy overwintering populations in area. Increased in eastern Virginia.
(p. 695).

PINK BOLLWORM continues heavy in cotton bolls in west-central and north-central
Texas. (p. 699). 3

BOLL WEEVIL populations in Texas High Plains have been very light compared to
populations in 1970. Total of 68,000 acres treated this year through third
application compared to 390,000 acres during same period in 1970.
Detection
A PTEROMALID WASP reported for the first time from Nebraska. This is a new
North American record. Recorded from Europe and England. This wasp is a
hyperparasite of Bathyplectes spp. which is a larval parasite of alfalfa
weevil. (p. 699).

New State records include SAGEBRUSH DEFOLIATOR from Montana (p. 694) and BEAN
APHID from Oklahoma (p. 696).

For new county records see page 700.

Special Report

Distribution of Plum Curculio. Map. (p. 702).

Reports in this issue are for week ending September 17 unless otherwise indicated.

= (gil =

692) —

CONTENTS

Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane..........693
SMa’ GrainS\sis cle ele cFolotchelclicle ole) cto tel eter OOS
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland.........694
Borage LeESuUumeS cic creo « clercrejerelelelelereio e004:
DOYIDEANSI ac e cle) siale eles eleiislelelelelshelsieerererOOD)
COGTON Tajcioie eicreteleleveieleletdexel cicheteleleleicie JOO)
Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.......696
BEANS Gand yPCas a cieleicisie ovslelelelclccictelaretsiOOO

Special Insects) of Regionale Silenitiicanc els cjcjalelaieieseseisicieisioealalerorsheheciereieicioie nee OoL

CuUCurDITES hic clelcietele o)e\ cl eleieleleleiclciclere ci OGG
Deciduous Fruits and Nuts........696
CUUCLUS ici cieleloialaielsieleleleleefelelsveleversrerler Ooi
OMAP MEU aye cele elevcletecveroleieteiercterererel Ooi
OFNAMENTCALTS |. cic cicilcleic sree clolelolelciersieele OO
Forest, and Shade Treesi.........00«.690
Man and) “Ani mailisjive «sc. lee cleleicleisneiciOOS
Stored, Products). <<... sree sverelererereteOON

Bene Licial) INSC CUS ir. o:eiee\eje%aaalel ais) aici che) olelelsfoteyeialel ellsvevovlarstarereieheterciatereielle ciel ctene nett arene ree ten
Federal and State Plant Protection) ProgramSjasjeissc se cicie ce ceaieicie cece cee
HaWwaddelnSecit REDO bis ieeusreresere ele elelovoteds) ojejetsieheloleice| egoleheyeyelereleneyereteratare (aneietarerataherceet renee T LUD
DET S CE AON Ns (cio lei5\.0/<ilei0).4 eee) 0 ote¥alele) olovele olexenevecenetorote¥erehelekopelsrsvereielerel iclekeielclere ies ta\e inte ter teem UL
CORTECTPONS! To \c ciao) oe) se) 00 eel ehateleelciaye sssie a sloicisieyalevetelerclevelalein/sielelate aiateka ci oTaret eT OG!
Light, Trap Collect Ons smile ovsrete\s ojo sehelote @) sycliedsiciale) sleke! ojepetelarchers ejele/ evel alaxereisieietel ctor re rere mene
Distribution of Plum (Curcuwssilo;., ‘Mapieic «ss cislcvesleie\elclelcleveisie aie ereis eicvelelerereiere eee TT OD.

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING SEPTEMBER 27

Reprinted from Weekly and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environomental Data Service,
NOAA,

HIGHLIGHTS: Cool autumn temperatures prevailed over most of the nation. The
heaviest rains fell in northern Texas.

PRECIPITATION: Light snow fell over the northern Rocky Mountains and the
northern Great Plains Monday, September 20. Four inches fell at Harrison in the
Nebraska Panhandle Tuesday morning. Snow-slicked passes across the Rockies and
gusty winds accompanying snow made driving hazardous. Cold rain fell from the
Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and scattered showers and thunderstorms occurred
farther east. Weekend rains fell in the central and southern Great Plains and
eastward to the Atlantic Ocean. They were most generous over northern and central
Texas Friday and Saturday and from northern Missouri to western Pennsylvania
Saturday and Sunday. Light rain fell from the northern Pacific coast to the

Rocky Mountains Saturday. Weekly totals were less than 1 inch over most of the
Nation. Areas where more than 1 inch fell included northern Texas, Oklahoma,
southeastern Kansas, northern Missouri, and central Illinois, and from extreme
southern Michigan to central Tennessee and West Virginia. Parts of northern Texas
received more than 2 inches.

TEMPERATURE: A high pressure area centered over the southern Great Plains
brought the coolest temperature of record for so early in the autumn to spots

in Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and western Texas. Among stations to register
a record low for so early in the season, Monday morning September 20, were
Flagstaff, Arizona, 23° and Lubbock, Texas, 41°. Another blast of arctic air
pushed into the Northern Great Plains Monday afternoon. The Pacific Coast States
remained in the comfortable 90's and 80's. The Far South West continued hot.
Thermal, California, registered 99° Wednesday afternoon. There was lots of
sunshine in Florida where the mercury at Orlando climbed to 93° Tuesday after-
noon. A cool air surge kept the afternoon temperatures in the 50's and 60's from
the Northern Great Plains to New England over the weekend. Clouds held maximums
in the 80's across the Deep South. The Far Southwest continued sunny and hot.
The Northwest was damp and chilly. The weekly mean temperatures were below normal
except in the extreme Southeast. Parts of northern Texas averaged more than ie
cooler than normal.

= 36935 —

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - CALIFORNIA - Estimated 200,000 acres to
be treated in October in San Joaquin Valley from Kern to Merced County. Nymphs
increased in most areas. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - DELAWARE - Adults averaged 16 per night in black-
light traps and infestations in untreated sweet pepper averaged less than 1 per-
cent in Sussex County. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). VIRGINIA - Heavy in milo through-
out Isle of Wight County. (Goerger). Damage 10-20 percent in Soybeans east of
City of Richmond. Damage confined to beans planted after July 1. Most larvae
late instars and controls difficult. (Allen). NORTH CAROLINA - Critical period
ended for all but very late soybeans in southern and central portion of State.
Late fields in northern counties and especially counties northeast of Martin
County should be watched for fresh pod damage. (Hunt). TENNESSEE - Infested and
damaged 99 percent of ears of late corn surveyed in Franklin County. (Cagle).
UTAH - Injury light to sweet corn in northern and central areas. (Knowlton,
Duncan).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - WASHINGTON - General and scattered, averaged

less than 5 per linear foot on fall wheat in Benton, Yakima, and Franklin
Counties. Infestations light to moderate on about 200 acres of sorghum in several
locations north of Pasco in Franklin County. (Klostermeyer). TEXAS - Light on
wheat in panhandle area. Generally less than 1 per row foot in Deaf Smith,
Swisher, and Castro Counties. Numerous beneficial insects noted in these counties.
Greenbugs in wheat in Briscoe and Armstrong Counties. Large numbers of beneficial
insects observed. (Daniels).

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - KANSAS - Averages per 10 sweeps
of alfalfa (2 fields) by county: Chautauqua 3-10, Cowley 0, Butler 2-35.
(Bell). OKLAHOMA - Ranged 0-20 per 10 sweeps of alfalfa in Payne County. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Light to moderate in Rio Arriba County alfalfa fields.
(Heninger).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NORTH CAROLINA - Damaged 45 percent
of stalks checked in counties south of Harnett. Larvae 100-150 per 100 stalks.
(Sorensen, et al.). VIRGINIA - Severe infestations in milo in Isle of Wight
County. (Goerger, Allen). DELAWARE - Adults 2 per night in Sussex County.
(Burbutis, Lesiewicz). SOUTH DAKOTA - Larvae taken from corn in isolated field
east of Glad Valley, northwestern Ziebach County. Infestation about 20 percent,
fourth instar larvae 2-3 per infested stalk. This is a new county record. Now
recorded from every county in State. (Jones). NEBRASKA - Ten fields surveyed in
eastern Red Willow County averaged 75 percent infested with average of 2 borers
per stalk. In western Red Willow County, borers infested 50 percent of plants
and averaged 1 per stalk. (Campbell, Klein). KANSAS - Infested about 1 percent
of stalks in Grant County field. This is a new county record. (Bell).

WESTERN BEAN CUTWORM (Loxagrotis albicosta) - NEBRASKA - Infestations very light
in eastern half of Red Willow County, but approached 50 percent of ears infested
in west. Few last instar larvae remained in corn ears, but most left to enter
soil. (Campbell, Klein).

SORGHUM WEBWORM (Celama sorghiella) - ALABAMA - Larvae heavy in grain sorghum in
southern areas. Larvae 100 per head in one field in Pike County. (Pike et al.).
MISSISSIPPI - Damage light to moderate in several fields of sorghum in Noxubee,
Lowndes, and Clay Counties. (Robinson).

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - WYOMING - Adults in corn near
Powell, Park County, August 16, and Laramie, Albany County, September 13.
Collected and determined by C.C. Burkhardt. These are new county records,
(Burkhardt). SOUTH DAKOTA - Adults light, less than 1 per 200 stalks, in fields

= 694 —

in south-central Potter County, and north-central Walworth County. These are
new county records. (Jones).

NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Adults less than
1 per 200 stalks, in cornfield in south-central Walworth County. This is a new
county record. (Jones).

SMALL GRAINS

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - TEXAS - Heavy on grain sorghum in El
Paso, Reeves, and Pecos Counties. Light to moderate on grain sorghum in Dell City
area of Hudspeth County. Recent wet and cool weather should aid in reducing
activity in Trans-Pecos area. (Neeb).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Larvae ranged 10-15 per
square foot in wheat and rye in Okmulgee County; some fields treated. Heavy in
wheat in Rogers County and moderate in Cotton County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
KANSAS - Larvae damaged seedling rye in Pawnee County. (Bell).

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy infestations
in wheat in Carter County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

HESSIAN FLY (Mayetiola destructor) - NEBRASKA - Spring surveys in 6 crop districts
indicated statewide infestation light; averaged 3.01 percent of culms infested
with 3.96 flaxseeds per 100 culms. Heaviest infestation in south, east, and
central districts, averaged 5.81, 5.16, and 4.94 percent infested, respectively;
total of 145 fields sampled. Losses estimated at 227,757 bushels. (Somsen).

AN APHID (Rhopalosiphum padi) - WASHINGTON - Numerous in winter wheat in Benton
and Franklin Counties; more abundant than Schizaphis graminum (greenbug).
(Klostermeyer).

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Ranged 5-10 per square foot

in Bermuda grass pasture in Love County. Heavy in lawns and pasture in Choctaw
and Okmulgee Counties and moderate in Cotton County. Averaged 14 per 10 sweeps
of alfalfa in Payne County field. Ranged 7-8 per Square yard in young alfalfa in
Harper County. Heavy in young alfalfa in Garfield County and moderate in Cotton
County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Heaviest damage reported from Gonzales and
Caldwell Counties. Lighter infestations in Brazos, Burleson, Grimes, Waller,

Fort Bend, and Brazoria Counties. Decreased in counties Surrounding Erath County.
Heaviest populations noted in Hamilton County. (Hoelscher et al.).

SAGEBRUSH DEFOLIATOR (Aroga websteri) - MONTANA - Larvae and pupae collected and
reared to adults from big Sagebrush (Artemesia tridentata) from Park County
during July 1971. Collected and determined by J.E. Henry. This is a new State
record. (Henry).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - WASHINGTON - Larval tip damage noted throughout
third alfalfa cutting in Touchet area, Walla Walla County; appears to be building
up in this area. (Johansen). NEW MEXICO - Ranged 1-25 adults and 2-350 larvae

per 25 sweeps of alfalfa near San Pedro, Rio Arriba County. (Heninger).

NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults 1.5 per
sweep of alfalfa; all females checked gravid, in Centre County. (Gesell).

CLOVER SEED CHALCID (Bruchophagus platyptera) - NEBRASKA - Infested 13-14 percent
of red clover seeds collected from Several Richardson County fields on September
15. (Manglitz et al.).

= 695 -

WESTERN YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera praefica) - IDAHO - Larvae damaged
alfalfa in several Grandview and Mountain Home, Elmore County fields, September
17. (Edwards). NEVADA - Larvae light on alfalfa in Lower Valley area near
Lovelock, Pershing County. (Martinelli).

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - KANSAS - Larvae damaged seedling alfalfa
in Hamilton County. (Bell). NEW MEXICO - Larvae ranged 2-20 per 25 sweeps of
alfalfa in Rio Arriba County. (Heninger).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissitulus festinus) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Yuma County: Dome Valley 140, Gila Valley 380, Yuma Mesa
120, and Yuma Valley 1,925. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 13 per 10
sweeps of alfalfa in Payne County field. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

TARNISHED PLANT BUG (Lygus lineolaris) - MASSACHUSETTS - Count of 25 per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Berkshire County field. (Miller). OKLAHOMA - Averaged 13
per 10 sweeps in alfalfa field in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - MASSACHUSETTS - Adults 13 per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Berkshire County field. (Miller).

LEAFMINER FLIES (Agromyza spp.) - MASSACHUSETTS - Adults 51 per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa in Berkshire County field. Larval damage less than 1 percent. (Miller).

SOYBEANS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - MARYLAND - Adult and larval feeding
injury ranged 50-80 percent in 800 acres near Sharptown, Salisbury, and
Quantico areas of Wicomico County. Growers not applying controls due to close-
ness of harvest. Expect heavy overwintering populations in this area. (U. Md.,
Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA - Increased east of City of Richmond. Larvae and adults
widely distributed. (Allen). NORTH CAROLINA - All stages caused 20-30 percent
defoliation in many central area fields. (Hunt).

VELVETBEAN CATERPILLAR (Anticarsia gemmatalis) - FLORIDA - Larval populations
declined in past 7-14 days on unsprayed Soybeans at farm near Gainesville,
Alachua County. (Whitcomb). Adults abundant, (Fla. Coop. Sur.).

SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults and nymphs 10
per linear foot in one Clay County field. (Robinson).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - ALABAMA - Adults heavy. throughout State.
Expect heavy populations entering or available to enter diapause, especially in
extreme northern areas. (McQueen). TEXAS - Increased in isolated sites in
Glasscock County, heaviest in northeastern part of county. Punctured squares
ranged 20-25 percent in these isolated areas, adults 100 to 1,000 per acre. Light
on east side of county near St. Lawrence area. Light, less than 10 percent
punctured squares in isolated fields in Reagan County. Light spotted infestations
in southeast corner of Martin County. Light and spotted on east side of Midland
County. Building up on cotton in south-central counties where stalks still in
fields. (Neeb).

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - TEXAS - H. zea larval infestations less than 3 per-
cent in untreated fields in El Paso and Hudspeth Counties. Larval infestations
less than 4 percent in unsprayed fields and heavy in sprayed fields in Reeves
County. Decreased, less than 4 percent larval infestation in most fields in
Pecos County. Less than 1 percent infestation in Midland, Glasscock, and Martin
Counties. Egg counts in Trans-Pecos area averaged less than 10 per 100 terminals
in most fields. (Neeb). ARKANSAS —- Increase in H. virescens numbers in southeast
areas. Larval sample collected on farm in Chicot County September 16 showed 20
H. virescens and 2 H. zea. Sample September 21 in Chicot County showed 6 H. zea

== (696) —

and 3 H. virescens. Sample of 79 larvae September 16 in Desha County showed 56
H. zea and 23 H. virescens. Seasons total 3,357 H. zea and 117 H. virescens.
(Boyer). TENNESSEE - H. zea continues to cause considerable damage in late
cotton in western area; in most cases, controls not justified. (Locke).

COTTON LEAFPERFORATOR (Bucculatrix thurberiella) - TEXAS - Still moderate to
heavy in Pecos County, heaviest infestations in Bakersfield and Coyanosa areas.
Infestations limited to field margins in most fields. Light to moderate infesta-
tions around field margins Glasscock County. (Neeb). ARIZONA - Several cotton
growers at Yuma had to use alternate pesticide for control in Yuma County. (Ariz.
Coop. Sux.) i.

SALTMARSH CATERPILLAR (Estigmene acrea) - TEXAS - Light to moderate in El Paso,
Hudspeth, Pecos, and Reeves Counties. (Neeb).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - DELAWARE - Infestation in untreated
sweet peppers averaged 41.4 percent in Sussex County. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz).

BEANS AND PEAS

BEAN APHID (Aphis fabae) - OKLAHOMA - Specimens collected from thistle (Cirsium
undulatum) in Garvin County by D.C. Arnold in May 1971. Determined by L.M.
Russell. This is a new State record. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - NEW MEXICO - Severe foliage
skeletonizing in untreated snap beans at Espanola, Rio Arriba County and at Santa
Cruz, Santa Fe County. (Heninger).

BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - MISSISSIPPI - Heavy on late green beans
in Oktibbeha County. (Wilson).

CUCURBITS

SQUASH BEETLE (Epilachna borealis) - WEST VIRGINIA - Adults and larvae caused
light to moderate damage to SquaSh vines in Mason County. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

SQUASH BUG (Anasa tristis) - OHIO - Adult and nymphs up to 100+ on acorn squash
in Huron County. Curled leaves and feeding damage widespread. (Andress).

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

PECAN WEEVIL (Curculio caryae) - TEXAS - Moderate to heavy damage on pecans in
Hamilton, Comanche, and Eastland Counties. (Hoelscher).

TWIG GIRDLER (Oncideres cingulata) - OKLAHOMA - Active on pecan in Cleveland and
Murray Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - OREGON - Fresh adults at lights in West
Salem, Polk County. (Westcott).

A TORTRICID MOTH (Platynota idaeusalis) - PENNSYLVANIA - Many peach fruits larvae
infested; entered through ruptured stem end of fruit at Arendsville, Adams
County. (Asquith).

WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) —- OKLAHOMA - Defoliation heavy to pecan
and walnut in scattered eastern areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Heavy in
Hamilton and Comanche Counties. Complete defoliation of trees 20-25 feet high
noted in Proctor area of Comanche County. Infestations in Hardin and Titus
Counties. (Hoelscher et al.).

= GY)7

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - ALABAMA - Larvae heavy in unsprayed pecan
orchards in Baldwin, Wilcox, and Covington Counties. (Crocker et al.). OKLAHOMA -
Defoliation moderate to heavy to pecan, walnut, and persimmon in many eastern
areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Decrease throughout Trans-Pecos area on pecans
and Shade trees due to cooler temperatures and higher relative humidities during
past few weeks. Heavy in Brazos, Grimes, Waller, Fort Bend, and Brazoria Counties,
ranged 0-10 tents per tree. (Neeb, Green).

WALNUT HUSK FLY (Rhagoletis completa) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae numerous in dooryard
walnut fruit. Larvae 1-100 per husk in untreated English and black walnuts. Very
little damage where treatment applied. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

APHIDS - ALABAMA - Tinocallis caryaefoliae (black pecan aphid) this species and
Monellia spp. heavy in Wilcox, Mobile, Covington, Bullock,and Henry Counties.
These species, other pecan pests, and weather caused excessive defoliation of
trees and early nut drop in Henry, Pike, and other counties. (Hartzog, et al.).

CITRUS

COTTONYCUSHION SCALE (Icerya purchasi) - ARIZONA - Infestation evenly distributed
throughout 20 acre dense lemon grove in Yuma County. Pesticide application
history not known and no Rodolia cardinalis (vedalia) observed. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

SMALL FRUITS

EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - PENNSYLVANIA - Concord grapes in untreated
vineyards infested with eggs, larvae and adults, 8 eggs per leaf, 24 larvae/
adults per leaf; in treated areas 2 eggs per leaf and 2 larvae/adults per leaf;
overwintering eggs being laid under bark in northeast Erie County. (Jubb).

GRAPE BERRY MOTH (Paralobesia viteana) - PENNSYLVANIA - Larvae heavy on concord
grapes; caused 10 percent loss of fruit in Centre County. (Adams, Sept. 20).

LEAFHOPPERS (Erythroneura spp.) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults, 42 per 25 sweeps, in
untreated Fredonia grapes in northeast Erie County.. (Jubb). COLORADO - E. comes
damage heavy to untreated grape vines in Grand Valley area of Garfield ea
County. (Hantsbarger).

ORNAMENTALS

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - MISSISSIPPI - Larvae ranged 50-60 per linear
row foot on roses in WaShington County. (Miller).

IRIS BORER (Macronoctua onusta) - OHIO - Moths appearing in blacklight traps.
Egg masses expected soon. (Rings).

LARGER CANNA LEAFROLLER (Calpodes ethlius) - ALABAMA - Larvae damaged most canna
lillies statewide. Populations become heavier this time of year; expected to
remain major pest until killing frost. (Gardenhire, et al.).

A PIT SCALE (Cerococcus kalmiae) - PENNSYLVANIA - Heavy on Rhododendron August 6,
in Lancaster County. Collected by E. Simons and determined by C.B. Sleesman.
This is a new county record. (Kim).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

WALKINGSTICK (Diapheromera femorata) - MISSOURI - Heavy infestations observed in
Maries County, with Some oaks completely defoliated. (Munson).

= 698 =

VARIABLE OAKLEAF CATERPILLAR (Heterocompa manteo) - MISSOURI - Moderate to heavy
populations found throughout southern half of State. Oaks with 100 percent
defoliation seen in spots throughout infested area. (Gass).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - NEW MEXICO - Light on shade and fruit trees in
Taos County. Light to heavy on cottonwood trees along Rio Grande and Rio Chama
Rivers in Rio Arriba County. Defoliation appears lighter than previous years.
(Heninger).

A BARK BEETLE (Ips grandicollis) - OHIO - Damage moderate in 10-20 acres of
Austrian pine. Infestation primarily due to weakened condition of trees. (Ohio
Dept. of Agr.).

ELM LEAF BEETLE (Pyrrhalta luteola) - NEVADA - Heaviest infestation and damage

to elm trees at Beatty and Tonopah, Nye County since introduction. (Southworth,
Zoller). NEW MEXICO - Damage to Siberian elm trees light in Taos County, moderate
to heavy in Rio Arriba and Santa Fe Counties. Skeletonizing of foliage more
severe than in past several years. (Heninger).

VARIABLE OAKLEAF CATERPILLAR (Heterocampa manteo) - WEST VIRGINIA - Larval damage
moderate (20 percent) to foliage of mixed oaks on 25 acres in Monongalia County.
(We Val ins's Sur’. )i:

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 19 cases reported in U.S.
September 19-25 as follows: TEXAS - Brewster 1, Edwards 1, Kinney 5, Terrell

1, Val Verde 2, Uvalde 1, San Faba 1; ARKANSAS - Little River 1, Miller 1.

Total of 357 laboratory-confirmed cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in
Republic of Mexico as follows: Sonora 5, Chihuahua 174, Coahuila 97, Nuevo Leon
22, Tamaulipas 59. Total of 31 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone.
Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation underway to prevent establish-
ment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screw-worm flies released:
Texas 51,648,000; Arkansas 2,100,000; Arizona 5,640,000; Mexico 97,220,000.
(Anim. Health Div.).

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - MARYLAND - Adults still heavy in Eastern Shore
counties. Heaviest counts 180-300 per head of beef cattle near Whitehaven,
Wicomico County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). MISSISSIPPI - Light to moderate on cattle
in Oktibbeha, Lee, and Monroe Counties. (Robinson). OKLAHOMA - Decreased on
cattle in Payne County (ranged 75-100 per head); low in Washington County,
continued moderate in Cleveland County and heavy in Cotton County. (Okla. Coop.
Sur.). TEXAS - Moderate to heavy on cattle in Trans-Pecos area. (Neeb).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - OKLAHOMA - Less than 1 per head on untreated
dairy cattle in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

MOSQUITOES - OHIO - In Knox County, on nights of September 14, 15, and 16,
averaged 4.8 female mosquitoes per trap per night. Species as follows: Aedes
vexans 46, A. triseriatus 5, Anopheles punctipennis 41, A. quadrimaculatus 1,

Culex restuans 16, Culex spp. 176, and Uranotaenia sapphirina 1. (Ohio Dept. of
Health).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Light on cattle in central
McPherson County. Averaged 1 per 4 head of stock. This is a new county record.
(Jones).

HOUSE FLY (Musca domestica) - OKLAHOMA - Ranged 10 to 12 per Scudder grid in
untreated barns in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

=) 699)7—

STORED PRODUCTS

REDLEGGED HAM BEETLE (Necrobia rufipes) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy in unloaded ships
of copra in San Francisco and Bay area ports. Warm weather caused rapid increase
in activity, and thousands of adults flew to residences and processing plants in
immediate areas. Normally rare; this instance unusual. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

A PTEROMALID WASP (Sceptrothelys grandiclava (Walker)) - NEBRASKA - Adults
emerged from cocoons of Bathyplectes curculionis (an ichneumon) collected in
June 1971 from alfalfa near Gothenburg, Dawson County. Collected by G.R.
Manglitz. Determined by B.D. Burks. This is a new North American record. (Keith).
S. grandiclava is a hyperparasite and reduces the effectiveness of the
introduced species B. curculionis. Possible source of introduction was through
the cocoons of Bathyplectes spp. being shipped from Europe for release in U.S.
(PPD).

AN ENCYRTID WASP (Ooencyrtus kuwanai) - ALABAMA - Total of 20,000 specimens of
this egg parasite released in Russell County at site where single male Porthetria
dispar (gypsy moth) trapped on July 16. (Gardenhire, Barwood).

AN ICHNEUMONID (Hyposoter fugitivus) - WASHINGTON - Parasitized about 25 percent
of Schizura concinna (redhumped caterpillar) in Pullman area, Whitman County;
it, in turn, being heavily parasitized by unspecified chalcidoids. (Johansen).

CONVERGENT LADY BEETLE (Hippodamia convergens) - IDAHO - Flight of adults about
one mile in length observed at 2;00 p.m. September 23, near southwestern base of
Moscow Mountain, Latah County, where masses of hibernating beetles occur. (Dalke,
Portman). KANSAS - Found in large numbers (probably for overwintering) in litter
and bunch grass near bases of small pines, junipers, and other small trees and
shrubs in landscape around a home in Shawnee County near Topeka. Adults in alfalfa
ranged as follows per county (2 fields per 10 sweeps): Chautauqua 5-33; ~

Cowley 4-18; Butler 13-22. (Bell).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

MORMON CRICKET (Anabrus simplex) - MONTANA - Observed ovipositing in several
small areas in Castle Mountains in Meagher County. Populations in these areas
three per square yard. (Pratt).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - TEXAS - Light, scattered infestations
averaged less than 3 percent infested bolls in El Paso County. Light infestations
in Martin and Midland Counties. Spotted and heavy infestations in St. Lawrence
area in Glasscock County. Infestations in this area averaged 15-35 percent on
bottom bolls. Pecos Experiment Farm in Reeves County showed 2-4 percent infested
bolls. Heavy infestations in central area near Waco. (Neeb, Cowan). A single
blacklight trap in McLennan County recovered 10,646 moths period September 16-23.
(Cowan) .

WEST INDIAN SUGARCANE ROOT BORER (Diaprepes abbreviatus) - FLORIDA - Recovered 4
adults September 16-17 (DeWolf, Gibson); 2 adults September 21 (Chambliss,
Venable) from sweet orange trees in Plymouth area of Orange County; first 4 adults
collected in regulated area, last 2 are new finds and extend the infested area.
(Fla. Coop. Sur.).

GRASSHOPPERS - NEBRASKA - Adult survey showed 740,000 acres of cropland infested
with 8 or more per square yard. Found primarily in northeast and south-central
areas. Economic populations found in all districts, but only in isolated preferred
habitats. Dominant species were Melanoplus differentialis, M. bivittatus, and M.
femurrubrum. Rangeland infestations decreased, but increased in density where
found. Most confined to small pockets and widely scattered over range areas.
Estimated that 50,000 acres infested with eight or more per square yard. Dominant
species Ageneotettix deorum, Aulocara elliotti, Trachyrhachus kiowa, and
Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum. (Bell. Hohnholt).

- 700 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Sorghum - Larvae and adults of a CHRISTMAS BERRY WEBWORM (Cryptoblabes aliena)
and SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) moderate to heavy on seedheads in 200
acres of sorghum at Kilauea, Kauai. (Sugawa).

General Vegetables - LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) generally moderate to heavy
in Snap bean, tomato, and green onion fields at Waianae, Oahu. Larval mines heavy
in 2 acres of watermelon at same area; 20 percent of older leaves severely
affected. Light to moderate in most snap bean fields at Waimanalo. Mines and
adults trace to light in 0.25 acre of lettuce at same area. GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY
(Trialeurodes vaporariorum) moderate to heavy in snap bean and bittermelon
plantings at Waimanalo; trace in 2.5 acres of snap beans. (Funasaki, Kawamura).
CARMINE SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus cinnabarinus) light to moderate in 1.5 acres of
papaya at Kaaawa, Oahu, average 13 per square inch. Trace in 0.25 acre of same crop
at Kaneohe. Moderate in 5,000 square feet of eggplant at Waimanalo; as many as

250 nymphs and adults per Square inch, averaged 30. CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea)
heavy in 2.5 acres of corn at Waianae, Oahu; about 90 percent of ears with at
least one larva. BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) larvae moderate in 0.5 acre

of green onion at Waianae, Oahu; about 20-30 percent of leaves infested. Egg
clusters trace, less than one per 20 plants. SOUTHERN GARDEN LEAFHOPPER (Empoasca
solana) moderate in 0.1 acre of lettuce seedlings at Waianae, Oahu; as many as

7 per leaf, averaged 8 per plant. Light in 0.1 acre of snap beans at Waimanalo.

A MEMBRACID BUG (Antianthe expansa) generally light on several eggplants (new

host record) at Ewa, Oahu; aS many as 20 nymphs and adults per plant. (Kumashiro).

Fruits and Nuts - BROWN SOFT SCALE (Coccus hesperidum) generally moderate in 3
acres Of papaya at Hana, Maui; about 5 percent of 36 inch tall seedlings with as
many as 150 scales per leaf. Several adults of a SWALLOWTAIL BUTTERFLY (Papilio
xuthus) noted at large at Haleiwa and Waialee, Oahu. Parasitism by Trichogramma
Sp. (a minute egg parasite) noted in 27 of 40 eggs of P. xuthus collected at
Foster Village and Ewa, Oahu. (Takahaski et al.). -

Forest and Shade Trees - FULLER ROSE BEETLE (Pantomorus cervinus) adults moderate
on 25 Eucalyptus sp. at Ulupalakua, Maui; few saplings with as much as 80 percent
of leaf Surface eaten. Adults moderate on Pinus sp. terminals at Waikii, Hawaii;
as many as 5 on infested shoots, averaged 2. (Ah Sam et al.).

DETECTION

New North American Record - A PTEROMALID WASP (Sceptrothelys grandiclava (Walker) )
NEBRASKA - DawSon County. (p. 699).

New State Records - BEAN APHID (Aphis fabae) - OKLAHOMA - Garvin County. (p. 696).
SAGEBRUSH DEFOLIATOR (Aroga websteri) MONTANA - Park County (p. 694).

New County Records - EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) KANSAS - Grant;
SOUTH DAKOTA - Ziebach (p. 693). FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) SOUTH DAKOTA -
McPherson (p. 698). NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica longicornis) SOUTH
DAKOTA - Walworth (p. 694). A PIT SCALE (Cerococcus Kalmiae) PENNSYLVANIA -
Lancaster (p. 697). WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM ees ca virgifera) WYOMING - Park,
Albany; SOUTH DAKOTA - Potter, Walworth (p. 693

CORRECTIONS

CEIR 21(39):681, 688 - ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - ARIZONA - Delete "This
is a new county record" on page 681 and delete note on page 688. (PPD).

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'S. DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE

0004 USENLINATA122 03001 OOO1
US ENTOMOLOGY LIBRARY DEPT
ENTOM NATIONAL MUSEUM
WASHINGTON DC 20560

VOL. 21, No. 41 October 8, 1971

Coope zratlve
ECONOMIC INSECT
REPORT

AK ASUINIA
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Issued by

PLANT, PROTECTION DIVISION
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF -AGRICULTURE

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 October 8, 1971 Number

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

ARMYWORM larval emergence heavy on grasses in California. (p. 705).

FALL ARMYWORM larvae damaged small grains in Oklahoma and Texas. (p. 706).
GUAR insect situation in Rolling Plains of Texas. (p. 707).

VARIABLE OAKLEAF CATERPILLAR heavy on oaks in Oklahoma and Texas. (p. 710).
ORIENTAL FRUIT FLY male trapped at Pacific Beach, California. (p. 712).

PINK BOLLWORM continues heavy in north-central areas and in portions of Trans-
Pecos area of Texas. (p. 713).

Detection

ASPARAGUS APHID reported for first time from Delaware. This is a new State
record. (p. 709).

For new county records see page 714.

Special Reports

Distribution of Spruce Aphid. Map. (p. 716).

Reports in this issue are for week ending October 1 unless otherwise indicated.

- 703 -

41

- 704 -

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional Significance... ...eeeseccecssecccecreccrceceseceesel09
Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane.........-.705 Colle CKLOPS sc cece cscccccsc clees (OO
Gmail (Grains;.crercisiets ateekalelcheloleletareroretelatt OO CUCUTDILES!. clevelelelelcieleleiele/clelclelelelelolerei io
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland..........706 General VegetableS......eceeeesef09
Forage LegumeS\..c oc cles clelcie sieiee ce O0 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.......709
SOY DEANS) so ciel clei olcl cle lel olelelelislelevolelevelelorclenelt Old Smad SO LUAES cieyele) vleyelelelelejelelsVetelelofonestele
COL LEON"s ere.) elelciese <iele/elelelclel~ cielo loielelelcnelofei Oo OTLNAaAMEN Tal S\sjc\eic: o101ele)s) o/e)elelelc)elcls) ofeenteLO
MODAC CO eis slctelolevele cheterelatereie alcrsieNelatclotaleler Oo Forest and Shade Trees........../10
Sugar Beetsis cies cise «ole cleo silelalatelaicneleleiaioo Man and Animals) .)< cc oc c.cclcee elelsraitiin
Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers........709 Stored "ProducCtsis ccc ciel clelol cheicvelelotererttion
Beans and (PeaSiercrs eicheiseseiciotervelehercrerohereioltOo

Beneficial, TInSCCtSiccic icicle eielereuelecatersleleicievele) oveicienckerelonehetoleleleleleleleteieleleiel ele elelcieheioleialoisteketeratetel
Federal and State Pllant Protection Programs’... <c1c ls cls s\sle cole (ee) elclele lees clelolelelataherortelcs
Hawaii Insect Report... clercisisicssie cisielels) oieiese/< sheloielcleveleloleleleievexels c/s ol siclievolelelslelehcletelelRetenRaltee
DOG ECE LON croievsieclele clare cve craic croreianeloiarctel level overelcielevelexcncietetebetevcberenclerereleteleleielarerelclsleloteketensemenentbiad
hight Leap Collect iOnsicc ovslerelcleielelelvercieleselelojsjelelsieleielele/clolelaiele|eialekolei<holohelcleiolsicrelol=lel-tenerekieiey
Distribution of Spruce Aphids Maple sco ces ac cle ctotclsleleleiclslelelsicis ctelele elclcielereisielolerensteterartnhO

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK
OCTOBER 1971

The National Weather Service's 30-day outlook for October is for temperatures to
average above seasonal normals from the Great Plains to the Appalachians and
Florida. Below normal averages are indicated for northern New England as well as
the West Coast States and the Great Basin. In unspecified areas near normal
temperatures are in prospect. Precipitation is expected to exceed normal over
the middle and north Atlantic Coast States as well as Florida, the Pacific
Northwest and the central Pacific coast. Subnormal totals are indicated for the
northern Plains, the middle Mississippi Valley, the Tennessee Valley and eastern

portions of the southern Plains. Elsewhere near normal precipitation is in
prospect.

Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook"
published twice a month by the National Weather Service. You can subscribe

through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20250. Price $5.00 a
year.

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING OCTOBER 4

Reprinted from Weekly and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data Service,
NOAA,

PRECIPITATION: Cold rain and snow fell in the Northwest on several days last
week. Four inches of snow fell at Salt Lake City, Utah, in 6 hours Thursday.
This is second time in 40 years that more than a few flakes of snow have fallen
at Salt Lake City in September. Previous time was September 18, 1965, when 2.2
inches fell. Tropical Storm Olivia, off the coast of Baja California moved
northeastward. It brought generous showers to the arid Southwest late Wednesday.
Arizona and New Mexico benefitted most from these showers. Flagstaff, Arizona,
received 1.70 inches and 2.23 inches fell at Zuni, New Mexico, Thursday. A low
pressure area over the central Great Plains caused strong gusty winds from north-
western Oklahoma to western South Dakota. Gusts reached 61 m.p.h. at Russell,
Kansas, and 56 m.p.h. at Lincoln, Nebraska, elsewhere over the central Great
Plains gusts were generally 40 to 55 m.p.h. Hurricane Ginger, after meandering
in the Atlantic Ocean for almost 3 weeks, began moving toward the middle Atlantic

Weather of the week continued on page 713.

Oo

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMYWORM (Pseudaletia unipuncta) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy larval emergence from

lawns, grass and dichondra. Larvae covered lawns, driveways, walkways, and up onto
sides of buildings. What triggered this movement at this time not known. Suspect
weather change. Mass infestations noted at Sacramento, Sacramento County and at
Davis, Yolo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - UTAH - Counts of 3 per 25 sweeps of
Atriplex roseus in southern Curlew Valley, Box Elder County. (Knowlton).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - MISSISSIPPI - Larvae averaged 5 per foot of row
in sorghum in Holmes, Webster, and Noxubee Counties. (Robinson). ALABAMA - Mixed
larval population of this species and Celama sorghiella (sorghum webworm)
moderate in 200 acres of grain sorghum in Bullock County. (Kilgore). SOUTH
CAROLINA - H. zea larval damage heavy to grain sorghum in Kershaw County.
(Montgomery).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - VIRGINIA - Had been widespread and heavy
on sorghum throughout eastern areas. (Allen). NEBRASKA - Small colonies still on
corn beneath leaf sheaths in Kearney and Harlan Counties. (Keith).

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - NEW MEXICO - Light on alfalfa at
Belen, Valencia County. (Heninger). UTAH —- Light in San Juan County alfalfa.
(Jones).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NEBRASKA - Fall survey in southeast
district completed; 82.7 percent of plants examined infested and borers averaged
296.6 per 100 plants. These figures reflect slight decrease from fall of 1970

in this district. Preliminary results indicate major increase in borer populations
in south district. In Kearney County, plants averaged 96 percent infested with
638 borers per 100 stalks; in Harlan County 98.4 percent of plants infested with
borers averaged 823 per 100 stalks. Surveys to continue. (Keith, Berogan).

IOWA - Percent infestation lower than 1970 in southern districts. State averages
for percent plants infested (81 versus 76) and borers per 100 plants (321 versus
241) increased. More borers fifth instar in 1971 than in 1970. (Iowa Ins. Sur.).
NORTH CAROLINA - Larval infestations in milo in Piedmont and Coastal Plains.
Limited survey showed 50 percent of plants in one field infested near Plymouth,
Washington County. (Hunt, Van Duyn).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - KANSAS - Second to fourth instar larvae
1-5 on ears (soft to hard dough stage) of late corn in Riley County. (Bell).
OKLAHOMA - Still in whorls of late-planted sorghum in Kingfisher County. Light

in sorghum heads in Cotton County. Adults common in sorghum in Cotton County, in
cotton in Grady County, and at lights in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS -
Damage heavy in forage sorghum in Archer County. (Neeb et al.).

SORGHUM WEBWORM (Celama sorghiella) - MISSISSIPPI - Larvae 20 per head in 10-head
Sample in Webster County sorghum field. (Robinson).

SORGiIUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - FLORIDA - Problem on late developing
sorghum at Quincy, Gadsden County. (Greene). TEXAS - Increased in late-planted
grain sorghum in Fisher County past 14 days. (Boring, Spencer). MISSISSIPPI -
Adults 2 per foot of row in 2 sorghum fields in Holmes and Webster Counties.

Ranged 15-20 per head in late-blooming sorghum field in Noxubee County. (Robinson).

BANKS GRASS MITE (Oligonychus pratensis) - WYOMING - Many additional reports of
moderate to heavy damage to corn in Big Horn Basin area (Washakie, Big Horn,

Park, and Hot Springs Counties). (Burkhardt). TEXAS - Decreased on grain sorghum
in Reeves and Pecos Counties. Moderate to heavy on grain sorghum in El Paso County.
Recent rainfall and cool temperatures aided in reducing activity in Trans-Pecos
area. (Neeb).

— 706° —

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - WYOMING - Adults collected from
corn near Casper, Natrona County on August 19. Collected and determined by C.C.
Burkhardt. This is a new county record. (Burkhardt).

SMALL GRAINS

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Destroyed 80-acre field of
newly planted rye in Ottawa County. Heavy in small grains in Tulsa County with
some fields treated. Moderate in Marshall County and light in Kay County. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Damage extensive to isolated fields of new emerging small
grain in Reeves County. One infested field with about 50 percent of stand
destroyed. Continued to damage small grains in Rolling Plains counties of
Throckmorton, Haskell, Archer, Dickens, Wichita, and Motley. Generally damage
decreased in this area. (Neeb et al.).

WHITE GRUBS (Phyllophaga spp.) - OKLAHOMA - Damaging young wheat in scattered
fields in Kingfisher County. Ranged 8-10 per square foot in some fields. Also
in scattered fields in Greer County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

LYGAEID BUGS (Nysius spp.) - KANSAS - Damaged seedling wheat along field bor-
der in Stanton County. Treated. (Bell).

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Continues to damage Bermuda
grass lawns and pastures in many areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Heaviest
damage in Dickens County. Very light counts on coastal Bermuda grass in Fort
Bend County. Moth flights heavy throughout much of central and north-central
areas. Indications of another generation to appear about October 1 in these
areas. (Neeb et al.).

TWOLINED SPITTLE BUG (Prosapia bicincta) - ALABAMA - Light damage in several
fields of coastal Bermuda grass in Barbour County. Some damage in Tallapoosa
County. Adults numerous. (Walton, Thompson). GEORGIA - Damaged coastal Bermuda
grass during period ending September 25 in Marion County (Daniels), Screven
County (Brannen), heavy in some fields in Burke County (Craven). SOUTH CAROLINA -
Unspecified species heavy throughout coastal area on centipede and other lawn
grasses. Damaged several fields of 5 to 10 acres of coastal Bermuda grass.
(Nettles).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - IDAHO - Adults averaged 3 per square
foot in thousands of acres of alfalfa hay, between Bruneau and Homedale, Owyhee
County, September 19. (Homan). UTAH - Adults heavy in alfalfa field at Delta,
Millard County. (Judd). NEW MEXICO - Light on alfalfa in Dona Ana County. (N.M.
Coop. Rpt.). Medium on alfalfa at Belen, Valencia County. (Heninger). KANSAS -
Survey of field of seedling alfalfa reported CEIR 21(40):695 to have been
severely damaged by this species, revealed that damage may not be due to this
species (based on low larval population found and absence of pupae). Suspect
Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm). In established fields of alfalfa nearby
heaviest Cc. eurytheme counts 8 per 10 sweeps. (Bell).

WESTERN YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera praefica) - IDAHO - After third
cutting of alfalfa surrounding ditch banks and fence rows required treatment
near Ada County field. (Peterson). Noted in Grandview to King Hill,

Elmore County, alfalfa. Some damage showing. (Edwards).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 6 per 10 sweeps of
alfalfa in Payne County. Also in alfalfa in Cotton and Marshall Counties. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.).

3 KOS

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - MISSOURI - Adults ranged 1-6 per 10 sweeps in
3 of 5 fields of alfalfa in Southwest area. (Munson). NEW MEXICO - Larvae light,
ranged 0-3 per 25 sweeps of alfalfa near Belen, Valencia County. (Heninger).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Yuma County: Yuma Mesa 70, Yuma Valley 530, and Gila
Valley 1,000. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

A LYGUS BUG (Lygus sp.) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in Yuma
County: Yuma Mesa 60, Yuma Valley 400, and Gila Valley 800. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

Guar Insect Situation in the Rolling Plains of Texas

Approximately 200,000 acres in Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Texas were planted to
guar in 1971. About 125,000 of the total acreage was in the Rolling Plains of
Texas.

It appears that a midge, Cecidomyia texana is the only insect species of major
economic importance to guar production in the Rolling Plains. The female midge
oviposits in the guar buds, where the larvae develop. The larval feeding causes
the buds to aborty preventing pod formation and subsequent seed production. Heavy
rains over most of the Roliing Plains nearly halted midge activity during late
August. Hardeman and Wilbarger Counties received little rain during August and
the greatest midge activity and loss in guar seed production occurred in those
counties. Some fields in that area showed 70-80 percent loss. An unidentified
species of Thysanoptera also caused some damage to guar foliage in the Beeville,
Texas area.

There are a number of potentially destructive insect species in guar that warrant
close surveillance. These were found in guar this season and include; Thrips
(unidentified species) very common; geometrids (unidentified species), not
common; yellowstriped armyworm (Spodoptera ornithogalli), not common; whitefly,
(Aleyrodidae), common but not abundant; girdler (Species unknown) reports only;
leafhoppers, (unidentified species) very common and abundant; aphids, (probably
Hysteroneura setariae); and, an unidentified midge that produces bud and pod

galls (not abundant).

There are also a large number of beneficial arthropods in guar. Predacious
insects include lady beetles, Hippodamia convergens, and Olla abdominalis; a
pirate bug, Orius sp.; syrphid larvaegChrysopa larvae and others. Spiders are
common. There are four or five unidentified parasitic Hymenoptera that attack

C. texana larvae. In addition, a braconid, Lysiphlebus testaceipes was found
ParaSitizing the aphids H. setariae in guar. (Rogers). Guar waS introduced from
India in 1903 and is used for feed and fodder. A mucillage produced from the
seed of this legume is used in paper production, in oil drilling mud, sizing,
and as a stablizer in some foods in the U.S. Also used to some extent as a green
manure on cotton land. (PPD).

SOYBEANS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - DELAWARE - Damage heavy to soybeans
in southeastern Sussex County. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). MARYLAND - Adults and
larvae ranged 5-20 per row yard in 300 acres of soybeans near Girdletree and
Stockton, Worcester County. Controls not applied due to advanced stages of
soybean maturity. Overwintering populations will be heavy in this area. (U. Md.,
Ent. Dept.). SOUTH CAROLINA - Heavy on 15 acres of Soybeans in Dillon County,
caused 90 percent foliage loss in 3 different fields. Most visible damage
occurred in less than 7 days. (Moody).

BEAN LEAF BEETLE (Cerotoma trifurcata) - MARYLAND - Adults ranged 2-5 per row
foot in 80 acres of soybeans near Hurlock, Dorchester County. (U. Md., Ent.
DEDt.)/.

— 105 a—

SOUTHERN GREEN STINK BUG (Nezara viridula) - FLORIDA - Heavy on unsprayed soy-
beans, damaged pods at Quincy, Gadsen County. (Greene). SOUTH CAROLINA - All
plants infested in 500 acres of soybeans in Chesterfield County. (Smith).

VELVETBEAN CATERPILLAR (Anticarsia gemmatalis) - FLORIDA - Up to 3 larvae per
row foot on unsprayed soybeans at Quincy, Gadsen County. (Greene).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults 6 per bloom in Holmes
County field. One bloom had 27 adults. (Robinson). TENNESSEE - Populations heavy
in untreated fields} damaged bolls up to 0.75 inches. (Cagle). ALABAMA - Cotton
generally 7-15 days later than normal and adults heavy, egg laying and feeding
punctures heavy on top bolls. Boll rot reported problem in Tuscaloosa, Madison,
Cullman, Cherokee, De Kalb, Etowah, Dallas, Lowndes, Conecuh, and Barbour
Counties. Over 50 percent of cotton lost in some fields in Conecuh County.
(McQueen). GEORGIA - Still in late cotton throughout southern areas. (Womack,
Sept. 25).

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - TEXAS - In El Paso and Hudspeth Counties, H. zea
infestations less than 3 percent. In Pecos and Reeves Counties, larval infesta-
tions 2-4 percent in isolated fields. In Midland, Glasscock, and Martin Counties,
infestations less than 2 percent. Moderate damage throughout Rolling Plains area,
infestations heavy in some fields near Vernon. Late cotton in Denton area noted
infested by H. zea and H. virescens. (Neeb et al.). OKLAHOMA - Populations in
Chickasha area, Grady County, about 70 percent H. zea and 30 percent H. virescens.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). MISSISSIPPI - Caused little damage to cotton. Few larvae
feeding in large bolls. In Humphreys and Tunica Counties, egg deposition noted
throughout plant. (Robinson). GEORGIA - Larvae and eggs remain heavy throughout
southern areas. (Womack, Sept. 25).

- CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - MISSISSIPPI - Moth collections totaled 16,970
in 2 blacklight traps at Stoneville, Washington County, September 24-30.
(Pfrimmer et al.).

COTTON LEAF PERFORATOR (Bucculatrix thurberiella) - TEXAS - Light in Bakersfield
area of Pecos County. In Glasscock and Midland Counties, light around field
margins. Light in isolated fields in Delta County during past 14 days. (Neeb,
Tappscott).

COTTON LEAFWORM (Alabama argillacea) - TEXAS - Recovered total of 17 moths in
blacklight trap in McLennan County week ending October 1. (Cowan et al.).

TOBACCO

TOBACCO MOTH (Ephestia elutella) - NORTH CAROLINA - Up to 30 percent loss
occurred in area bound by Duplin, Lee, and Wayne Counties. (Robertson).

SUGAR BEETS

ZEBRA CATERPILLAR (Ceramica picta) - WASHINGTON - Larvae of this species and
Peridroma saucia (variegated cutworm) caused heavy damage to sugarbeets in some
fields near Yakima, Yakima County. (Chaplin, Harwood).

AN EPHYDRID FLY (Psilopa leucostoma) - IDAHO - Adults reared from sugar beet
(Beta vulgaris) leaves collected at Paul, Minidoka County, August 6. Determined
by W. W. Wirth. (Peay).

= 09 7—

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - DELAWARE - No adults in blacklight
traps. Infestations of untreated Sweet peppers averaged 55.4 percent. Third-
generation larvae in fourth or fifth instar. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz).

GRASSHOPPERS - UTAH - Damage moderate to tomatoes along Wasatch Front, Box Elder
County, and in some Weber, Davis, Salt Lake, and Utah County fields and gardens.
(Knowlton) .

VINEGAR FLIES (Drosophila spp.) - NEW JERSEY - Population heaviest in many years
noted throughout State. Populations due to abundant rainfall causing cracking
and rotting of tomato fruit. (Ins.-Dis. Newsltr.).

BEANS AND PEAS

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Larvae damaged mungbeans in
Kingfisher County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

COLE CROPS

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - NEW MEXICO - Still troublesome on lettuce in
Dona Ana County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).

CUCURBITS

LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 50 per 50 sweeps of squash
vines at northwest Phoenix, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

ASPARAGUS APHID (Brachycolus asparagi) - NEW JERSEY - Difficult to find; most
decline due to predators. DELAWARE - Collected from asparagus ferns in Kent and
New Castle Counties by J.S. McDaniel on August 23, 1971. Determined by L.M.
Russell. This is a new State record. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz).

IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) - COLORADO - Larvae up to 4 per head of
cabbage in Larimer County. (Hantsbarger).

TURNIP APHID (Hyadaphis pseudobrassicae) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy and killing turnip
plants in Kingfisher County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

ONION THRIPS (Thrips tabaci) - COLORADO - Still on unharvested onions in north-
eastern areas. (Hantsbarger).

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

A RAIN BEETLE (Pleocoma dubitalis dubitalis) - OREGON - First adults (4) taken
in blacklight trap at Macleay, Marion County, September 26, recovered 10 on
September 27. Cold morning temperature apparently restricted flight activity,
no specimens caught September 28-30. First catches in Newberg area, Yamhill
County, September 27, and adult activity followed same pattern as at Macleay.
(Penrose).

WHITE APPLE LEAFHOPPER (Typhlocyba pomaria) - MARYLAND - Adults ranged 5-25 per
100 leaves in 4 acres of apples near Hancock, Washington County. (U. Md., Ent.
Dept.).

PECAN WEEVIL (Curculio caryae) - OKLAHOMA - Still heavy on pecans in Bryan County
and light in Marshall County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Larvae infested pecans
in Throckmorton and Young counties. Adult damage in these counties heavy.
(Boring). MISSISSIPPI - Few adults in orchards throughout State. Larvae (up to

2 per nut) in an orchard in Panola County. Estimated infestation 30-40 percent.
(Baughman).

= 410" =

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Still heavy on pecans, from
several sections, eSpecially Kershaw and Calhoun Counties. (Nettles).

TEXAS - Heaviest infestations in Comal, Caldwell, Hays, Guadalupe, Gonzales, and
Lavaca Counties. Infestations in this area ranged 0-40 tents per tree. In Brazos
and Fort Bend Counties, heaviest counts 10 tents per tree. Also noted throughout
north-central areas on native and improved varieties of pecans. (Massey et al.).

WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) - TEXAS - Heavy in north-central area
(Denton and Dallas Counties) and in McLennan County. (Turney, Hoelscher).

AN APHID (Panaphis juglandis) - CALIFORNIA - Adults and nymphs 20 per leaf of
walnut at Moraga, Contra Costa County. This is a new county record. Collected
by W. Gary and G. Jones. Determined by T. Kono. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

BLACKMARGINED APHID (Monellia costalis) - ARIZONA - Heavy on pecan trees at
northwest Phoenix nursery, Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

BLACK PECAN APHID (Tinocallis caryaefoliae) - TEXAS - Moderate to heavy damage to
foliage in Winkler, Ward, and Reeves Counties. Light on pecans in Brazos County.
(Neeb, Green).

SMALL FRUITS

WESTERN GRAPELEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - NEVADA - Larvae heavy and
damaging grapes in Las Vegas area, Clark County. (Zoller). NEW MEXICO - Light
to medium on home planting grapes in Dona Ana County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).

GRAPE PHYLLOXERA (Phylloxera vitifoliae) - PENNSYLVANIA - Aerial gall observed
on Seibel wine grapes; 25 percent of Shoot infested, 7 percent galled; 6 galls
per leaf; no galls on other varieties in northeast Erie County. (Jubb).

EUROPEAN RED MITE (Panonychus ulmi) - PENNSYLVANIA - Population declining;
averaged 7 per leaf in untreated Concord grape vineyards and less than 1 per
leaf in northeast, Erie County. (Jubb).

ORNAMENTALS

A GEOMETRID MOTH (Lambdina athasaria athasaria) - PENNSYLVANIA - Heavy larval
damage in nursery to hemlock, Iarch, and white pine in Indiana County. (Mallis).

AZALEA CATERPILLAR (Datana major) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Heavy and unusually damaging
to azalea from Fairfield County to coast. (Nettles).

OAK LACE BUG (Corythucha arcuata) - FLORIDA - Nymphs and adults infesting all
nursery plants examined of Quercus michauxii (basket oak) at Glen St. Mary,
Baker County (H.W. Collins). Most adults dead or dying due to a fungus.
(Collins).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

VARIABLE OAKLEAF CATERPILLAR (Heterocampa manteo) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy and
defoliating oaks on several thousand acres in Southern Muskogee and northern
McIntosh Counties. Heavy on several hundred acres of oaks in Sequoyah County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Heavy on oaks in Rains County. General infestations
throughout many counties in northeast areas. (Hamman). ARKANSAS - Some defolia-
tion in north-central areas. (Boyer).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - MASSACHUSETTS - Most severe defoliation in
many years in Hampshire County. (Shaw). NEW MEXICO - Heavy on various shade trees
in Dona Ana County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).

ASH BORER (Podosesia syringae fraxini) - COLORADO - Damage severe and some loss
to ash trees in Kiowa County. (Hogan).

Galt

FALL CANKERWORM (Alsophila pometaria) - NORTH DAKOTA - Female moths seen
September 21 in Fargo area, Cass County} about 14 days earlier than observed in
1970. (Anderson).

MIMOSA WEBWORM (Homadaula anisocentra) - TENNESSEE - Damage heavy to mimosa in
central and western areas. (Locke, Gordon).

ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) - ALABAMA - Numerous adults on oak
trees in Jackson and De Kalb Counties. Jackson is a new county record. (Barwood,
Dulaney).

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 28 cases reported in U.S.

September 26 to October 2 aS follows: TEXAS: Bandera 1, Culberson 1, Edwards 0A
Kinney 5, Burnet 1, Hamilton 1, Lampasas 1, Pecos 2, Presidio 3, Uvalde 3, and
Val Verde 7; ARKANSAS: Little River 1. Total of 447 laboratory-confirmed cases
reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Sonora 14,
Chihuahua 277, Coahuila 88, Nuevo Leon 19, Tamaulipas 49. Total of 67 cases
reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication
operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S.
Sterile screwworm flies released: Texas 57,408,000; Arkansas 3,000,000; Arizona
3,766,000; Mexico 90,680,000. (Anim. Health Div.).

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - OKLAHOMA - Increased again on cattle in Payne
County with warmer weather; averaged 750 per head. Heavy in Cotton and Okfuskee
Counties and moderate in Hughes County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

MOSQUITOES - MINNESOTA - Light trap catches for week ending September 24 totalled
336 female mosquitoes in 16 traps in Minneapolis area. Aedes vexans accounted for
254 specimens, Culiseta morsitans for 37, Culex restuans 14, and Culiseta
inornata 7. A. vexanS dominant but light in bite collections. Sample of eggs
immersed in laboratory showed 99 percent diapause, sample from different

location showed only 60 percent of eggs in diapause. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

HORNETS (Vespula spp.) - PENNSYLVANIA - V. maculata (baldfaced hornet) and V.
maculifrons abundant on and around houses. Annoying in houses, picnic areas,
fairs, and Swimming pools in 5 southeastern counties during August and September.
(Green).

BROWN DOG TICK (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) - MASSACHUSETTS - Very severe household
infestation even after pest control operators treated twice in Worcester County.
(Hall).

STORED PRODUCTS

PEA WEEVIL (Bruchus pisorum) - WASHINGTON - Large numbers emerged from harvested
peas in elevators in Palouse region of Whitman County. (Hagel, Landis).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

LADY BEETLES - ARKANSAS - Noted preying on Trialeurodes abutilonea (bandedwinged
whitefly) in cotton, soybeans, and cocklebur in southeast areas. Most common
lady beetle, Chilocorus stigma (twicestabbed lady beetle), then Coccinella
novemnotata and Coleomegilla maculata. (Boyer). IDAHO - Hippodamia convergens
(convergent lady beetle) numbers increased several hundred times in Latah County

hibernating area. (Robinson).

A WEEVIL (Rhinocyllus conicus) - CALIFORNIA - Releases made in Santa Barbara
County on Mission Conejo Road and on Santa Cruz Island for control of milk
thistle. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

Se (sey,

A PUNCTUREVINE SEED WEEVIL (Microlarinus lareynii) - OKLAHOMA - Adults reared
from puncturevine (Tribulus terrestris) seed collected in Grady and Payne
Counties. These are new county records. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

A BRACONID (Trioxys pallidus) - CALIFORNIA - Biological control by this species
of Chromaphis juglandicola (walnut aphid) throughout most of State satisfactory.
This hymenopterous paraSite introduced from Iran has become established in most
walnut-growing areas. Growers normally combine aphid and Laspeyresia pomonella
(codling moth) control; when aphid populations failed to develop, codling moth
control overlooked. Expect some nut damage. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

MONARCH BUTTERFLY (Danaus plexippus) - VIRGINIA - Adults moderate in Botetourt
and Roanoke Counties on september 26. (Miller).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

COMSTOCK MEALYBUG (Pseudococcus comstocki) - CALIFORNIA - Survey continued in
Strathmore, Tulare County area. Three properties suspect. Recent finds in
Strathmore and Porterville received treatment. Treatments of infested plants,
other than mulberry, accomplished. In Lindsay, mortality counts made in treat-
ment area. So far kill has been excellent. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

EUROPEAN PINE SHOOT MOTH (Rhyacionia buoliana) - OREGON - Surveys of infested
areas in Umatilla County showed no infestations at Hat Rock and Umatilla; light
populations detected in Port of Umatilla area. Heavy at McNary Dam where controls
may be needed in 1972. Estimated 9 percent of pines in Hermiston which were
sprayed in 1969 sustained light damage this year. Compares with 7 percent in
1970. Appears that little population increase occurred during 1971. (Larson).

GRASSHOPPERS - KANSAS - During annual fall survey, an estimated 710,000 acres of
cropland infested with 8 or more per square yard. Primarily in north-central,
central, and northeast crop districts. In these areas, dominant species, Melanoplus
bivittatus, M. differentialis, M. sanguinipes, and M. femurrubrum. Most heavy
populations found in Submarginal land and legumes. Other areaS with populations
averaging above 8 per Square yard confined to Meade, Clark, Comanche, Barber,

Kiowa and Pratt Counties and include adjoining sectors of Ford, Edwards, Stafford,
and Kingman Counties. Heavy infestations in this area usually scattered and
especially found in dry alfalfa and short grasses. Dominant species, Aulocara
elliotti, Ageneotettix deorum, Philibostroma quadrimaculatum, Melanoplus coloradus.
Other range spe ieS common. Aeoloplus turnvulli common in western areaS, economic
importance questionable; at one location (South of Arkansas River at Syracuse)

26 different species noted. Populations greater than 8 per square yard found in
all districts, but only in isolated fields. Parasite and predator populations
generally low statewide. (Bell, Hohnholt).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - Male moths trapped in all but 2 MARYLAND
counties. Weekly Shipments of Ooencyrtus kuwanai (an encyrtid wasp) continue

to States outside regulated area. Over one million specimens of this egg parasite
shipped for release, in ALABAMA, MARYLAND, NORTH CAROLINA, OHIO, VIRGINIA, and

in FLORIDA. TENNESSEE - To date all trapping negative. (PPD). PENNSYLVANIA -
Numerous egg clusters found in plantation of Christmas trees east of Deer Lake,
Schuylkill County. (Kadow).

TULIPTREE SCALE (Toumeyella liriodendri) - CALIFORNIA - Several infestations on
tulip trees in Sonoma, Sonoma County. Infestation of 3 to 24 per limb collected
by J. Sallee. Determined by T. Kono. This is a new county record and the

second known infestation. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

ORIENTAL FRUIT FLY (Dacus dorsalis) - CALIFORNIA - Male trapped at Pacific Beach,
San Diego County on September 30, determined this species October 1. Additional
trapping planned. Male reported previously September 8 at Garden Grove, Orange
County. See CEIR 21(39):686. (PPD).

(ds)

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - TEXAS - In El Paso and Reeves Counties,
Infestations light and Scattered; averaged less than 10 percent of infested bolls
in fields examined. In Coyanosa area of Pecos County, boll infestations 30-55
percent in isolated fields. Late cotton in Bakersfield area of Pecos County
averaged 70-95 percent boll infestations. Observations of infested bolls in this
area revealed that majority of larvae less than 10 days of age. Light infesta-
tions in Ward County. In Glasscock County, infested bolls 20-55 percent in
isolated fields. Heavy activity throughout north-central areas from following
counties; Delta, Hunt, Collin, Denton, Rockwall, Kaufman, Ellis, Johnson,
Tarrant, Dallas, Navarro, Fannin, and Grayson. (Neeb, Turney). In McLennan
County, total of 670 moths recovered in blacklight trap, September 24 to

October 1. (Cowan). Weeks ending September 17 and 24 trapped 23,437 and 10,646,
respectively. (PPD).

WESTERN GRAPELEAF SKELETONIZER (Harrisina brillians) - CALIFORNIA - In Placer
County, seasonal operations completed. All results of detection negative for
1971 season. This area received 4 treatments and 4 inspections. Last positive
find occurred in August 1968. In Sacramento County surveys negative. In El
Dorado County, last positive June 1968. In Siskiyou County, no spread outside
small core area. Number of infestations in core area reduced. In Yolo County,
survey negative. In Fresno County, survey continued, late find of eggs, larvae,
and adults in infested area on September 21. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

A WHITEFRINGED BEETLE (Graphognathus leucoloma striatus) - ARKANSAS - Adults
collected at Augusta, Woodruff County, by M.W. Moore and F. Prentice on September
22; NORTH CAROLINA - Adult collected near Mebane, Orange County, by J.W. Scott

on September 19. Determinations by V.H. Owens, confirmed by R.E. Warner. These
are new county records. (PPD).

Weather of the week continued from page 704.

coast about midweek. It crossed the North Carolina coast Thursday. Winds at Cape
Hatteras gusted to 74 m.p.h. and 5.62 inches of rain fell in 24 hours. The storm
brought about 8.50 inches of rain to Wanchese, North Carolina, radio station. By
the weekend, Ginger had weakened but produced generous rains to portions of
Virginia and North Carolina before moving to the Atlantic Ocean. A weekend storm
moved across the northern Great Plains and dumped wet snow over the Rocky
Mountains and cold rain accompanied by blustery winds. Snow accumulated to a
foot or more in southeastern Montana. Light rains fell over the northern and
central Great Plains Thursday and Friday, and heavy showers occurred from
northern Texas to northern Missouri Saturday, with a few localities in Texas

and eastern Oklahoma receiving more than 3 inches.

TEMPERATURE: In general, the Northwest was seasonally cool. The Northern States
from the northern Great Plains were somewhat chilly, the Southwest was hot, and
a large area from the central Great Plains to the Gulf of Mexico and eastward

to the Atlantic was warm and humid. Rising temperatures prevailed | over the
central Great Plains early in the week. Chicago, Illinois, was 20° warmer

Monday afternoon than Sunday. Respective maximum temperatures on those days

were 84° and 64°. In contrast to sultry summer weather which prevailed over the
Central and Eastern States, a large low over the central Great Plains shortly
after midweek brought damp chilly autumn to the northern Rocky Mountains and
northern Great Plains. West Yellowstone, Montana, warmed to only 33° Thursday
afternoon. Sunday morning, autumn chill penetrated far southward into Arizona
and New Mexico, with temperatures over northern portions of those States
tumbling to below freezing. Southerly winds brought unusually mild weather across
the central and southern Great Plains to the Great Lakes region late in the
week, Madison, Wiconsin, registered 88° Thursday and Friday afternoons. By
Sunday, cool air lay over the northern Great Plains and maximums remained mostly
in the 50's. Weekly mean temperatures averaged below normal from the Pacific
Ocean to the western edge of the Great | Plains and above normal over the rest of
the Nation. The Great Basin averaged 9° to 12° colder than normal. The Mississippi
and Ohio River Valleys and the Great Lakes region averaged 9° to 15° warmer than
normal.

a

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Corn - All stages of TUMID SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus tumidus) moderate to heavy
in 1.5 acres of sweet corn at Waialua, Oahu; 50 percent of leaves (mostly older
leaves) infested. As many as 250 nymphs and adults and 200+ eggs per square inch
on infested leaves. All stages trace in adjoining 3 acres of 12-inch tall
seedlings; trace in large planting of same crop at Pupukea. CORN EARWORM
(Heliothis zea) larvae trace in 1.5 acres each of sweet corn and tomatoes at
Waialua, Oahu; less than 5 percent of corn ears and tomato fruits affected.
(Kawamura).

Turf, Pasture - GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) larvae generally
light in 50 acre pasture of pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens) at Hanalei,
Kauai; as many as 13 (average less than 5) per square foot. Adults trace. Larvae
held for observation of parasite activity. Larvae in this pasture during summer
of 1969 extremely heavy in some paddocks. (Sugawa).

Fruits and Nuts - Parasitism of a SWALLOWTAIL BUTTERFLY (Papilio xuthus) eggs by
Trichogramma Sp. (a minute egg parasite) increased since first field parasitism
observed in early September. On Oahu, field collected eggs parasitized as
foliows: 12 of 15 at Waipahu (80 percent); 20 of 21 at Ewa (95 percent) and 3

of 3 at Waialee. Sightings of adult P. xuthus declined in most areas past 14
days. (Kumashiro et al.). COCONUT SCALE (Aspidiotus destructor) generally light
to moderate at Keehi Lagoon Beach Park and Hawaiian Memorial Park, Oahu. Moderate
colonies on about 10 percent of pinnae on 40 percent of fronds at both areas.
Nymphs and adults of Telsimia nitida (a lady beetle) light on infested pinnae

at Keehi Lagoon Beach Park. Generally light in small hedge planting of mockorange
(Murraya paniculata) at Kaneohe; moderate on few branches with 25 percent of
leaves (lower Surface) completely covered with scales. (Wong, Kawamura).

Forest and Shade Trees - Nymphs and adults of a CONIFER APHID (Cinara carolina)
Tight on terminals of several Pinus sp. at Princeville, Hanalei, Kauai. Generally
trace in 20 acres of Pinus taeda at Olinda, Maui; less than 1 percent of trees
infested. (Sugawa, Miyahira).

Beneficial Insects - Larvae of a CACTUS MOTH (Cactoblastis cactorum) moderate in
200 acres of cactus at Kekaha, Kauai; about 10 percent of pads infested. C.
cactorum purposely introduced from Australia in 1950 to control cactus on Hawaii

TSland. (Sugawa).

DETECTION

New State Record -— ASPARAGUS APHID (Brachycolus asparagi) - DELAWARE - Kent
County. (p. 709).

New County Records - AN APHID (Panaphis juglandis) CALIFORNIA - Contra Costa

p. 710). ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus caStaneus) ALABAMA - Jackson (p. 7D) co
A PUNCTUREVINE SEED WEEVIL (Microlarinus lareynii) OKLAHOMA - Grady, Payne

(p. 712). TULIPTREE SCALE (Toumeyella liriodendri) CALIFORNIA - Soma (p. 712).
WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) WYOMING - Natrona (p. 706). A
WHITEFRINGED BEETLE (Graphognathus leucoloma striatus) ARKANSAS - Woodruff;
NORTH CAROLINA - Orange (p. 713). | :

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0004 USENLINATA122 03002 0001

US ENTOMOLOGY LIBRARY DEPT eh
ENTOM NATIONAL “MUSEUM

WASHINGTON DC 20560

VOL. 21,/No. 42 October 15, 1971

Cooperative

ECONOMIC INSECT
REPORT

Issued by

PLANT PROTECTION: DIVISION
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 October 15, 1971 Number 42

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

EUROPEAN CORN BORER heaviest in portions of Iowa since 1957. Populations increased
in central Nebraska. (p. 719).

FALL ARMYWORM larvae outbreak on wheat in limited area of Arkansas. Small larvae
heavy on wheat in Oklahoma. (p. 719).

FALL WEBWORM larval damage critical to unprotected pecan trees in central and
southern Alabama. (p. 721).

A CONIFER SAWFLY expected to cause heavy defoliation to shortleaf pine, also
expect increase in TENT CATERPILLARS during 1972 in Missouri. (p. 722).

Total of 50 SCREWWORM cases reported in Texas and 2 in Arkansas, an increase from
26 and 1 respectively. (p. 723).

PINK BOLLWORM situation in Trans-Pecos area of Texas. (p. 724).

Detection

For new county records see page 725.

Reports in this issue are for week ending October 8 unless otherwise indicated.

=! (fale

= LS a

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional sSilenifilcancesireicrclcleicialeteletslelalclelevels cla lelolelelelelejeleleleleleisieiet(ilo
Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane......e.ee.e419 Beans sand #PCasiaicls cclele sls lslevelelelererertiaul:
Smali GraiMSicc cicie co cleicleleieleiete cl cleletelstare@elo Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.......721
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland........../20 CLtLUS .cccccccrccccccccvccccccsel al
FOLTAGE! LESUMES)cicicc elelele clecee ciclelelelercicioricO SMawels WrWACS eiiciteieleleletelcieveielelererereralentieres
SOYDEANS .ccccocceccuvrccvccccccccseel al Forest and Shade TreeS...ececccelsaa
COLON crcierelolelelelelelereleialeioletoteieleleteterets a(t 2O Many and! VAndmalisi sree sie lel ofeloreicielclielereiiixe)
Potatoes, Tomatoes, PepperS.......e@21 Stored ProducGGs\s cic clelcieicssicieleieleiciecidaes

Benet iGilail LuSCCLS sieielelel cle) cielo le/lejeiel else siereielajalelelslelele)eelleie/ chet elelere)eloleleletetelelsieteletelatetetetatenniie
Federal and State Plant. Protection Programs \<.< overs 0 cxcleichesslelercjejeie clejleloleleiolelelele aleratergieel
Hawaril InSect: REPOL Eb ciciciccie cc elolele.c eleleielelelele cleleicle cele ects cfeloleleleloicl slelclelaleloleleketeveleleleeenticic)

DGESC LUO cicrc:cleilc ele! el elelelce) eiel ee loleie| eel ole otelieleielleie tele: eleleleieleleleveleleelelelele:sioielele cleveleretelstetehetenetaiice)

Lishit: [rap iCoMecctOns occ cs cleloieie) el clelelelefelelcie se’ s).c/clelele ele) elelelele/eleteleleyelc) cl'ele) ciel ejoteieletatereienieeO

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING OCTOBER 7

Reprinted from Weekly and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data Service,
NOAA.

HIGHLIGHTS: Fine autumn weather prevailed over most of the Nation. Generous
rains fell along the Atlantic seaboard late in the week. Only widely scattered,
light showers fell over the west.

PRECIPITATION: Light rain fell early in the week over the Washington coast.
Heavier Showers fell from the lower Rio Grande Valley northeastward to the middle
Atlantic coast late Monday and Tuesday, and from Pennsylvania to New England
later in the week. In 24 hours ending Tuesday morning, Cotulla, Texas, received
6.71 inches of rain. Rain fell over the eastern half of the Nation late in the
week. This included light sprinkles from the Red River of the North Valley to
New England Thursday, light to moderate showers from the lower Rio Grande to
Western New York on Friday, and moderate rains in the Ohio River Valley and soil
soaking rains along the Atlantic seaboard Saturday and Sunday. Florida received
light showers on several days late in the week.

TEMPERATURE: High pressure systems dominated the weather over most of the nation
last week. They brought typical autumn weather with the mild sunny afternoons

and the cool invigorating nights. It was especially cool from the northern Great
Plains to New England where afternoon temperatures by midweek were in the 40's,
50's and low 60's. The early morning temperatures dropped to the 30's over the
higher Rocky Mountains and on Friday morning, minimums in the 30's and 40's

were common over the north from Washington and Oregon to the Atlantic Ocean and
as far south as Virginia. Beckley, West Virginia, registered 32° Friday morning.
The exceptions to the fine cool autumn weather included southern California where
desert winds pushed the temperatures to the 30's most afternoons and sunny
Florida where the mercury reached the 90's on Wednesday afternoon. Los Angeles,
California, registered 102° Wednesday. Santa Ana winds caused unseasonal warmth
over the inland portions of California over the weekend. A large high, centered
over the Great Basin, brought warm air northward to Montana and cool air to a
large area from the Dakotas to the Great Lakes and southward to Oklahoma and
Tennessee. On Saturday afternoon, the maximum temperatures over this large area
were mostly in the 60's. Temperatures averaged below normal over most of the
Nation. Warmer than normal temperatures prevailed over much of the West.

J 7/AS)

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - CALIFORNIA - Survey late September shows
76 percent nymphs in Fresno County. In Kings County, nymphs very young. Treatment
started in Kern County on October 6. In San Joaquin Valley about 200,000 acres

of Russian thistle to be treated. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - MICHIGAN - About 2.5 percent of late-harvested
sweet cherry peppers in Monroe County infested. Indicates new insect problem on
this crop, following end of control for second-generation Ostrinia nubilalis
(European corn borer). (Sauer). DELAWARE - Adult flights less than 1 per night

in blacklight traps in Sussex County. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz). OKLAHOMA - Larvae
averaged 12 per 25 sweeps in alfalfa in Jackson, Tillman, Kiowa, Cotton, Stephens,
and Jefferson Counties. Adults common in most areas. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - NEW MEXICO - Populations-light, but infesta-
tions scattered in sorghum in Roswell area, Chaves County. (Mathews).

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - NEVADA - Light on alfalfa breeder
plots at Reno, Washoe County. (Arnett).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - IOWA - Infested 99 percent of plants
in 32 fields in Boone County. Borers 340 per 100 plants; 54 percent of shanks
tunnelled, 395.8 ears per acre felled as result. Population (56,938 borers per
acre) greatest Since 1957. (Iowa Ins. Sur.). NEBRASKA - Populations declined in
northeast, increased in central district, as compared to fall of 1970. Plants

in northeast averaged 94.6 percent infested, 214.7 borers per 100 plants. Central
district had 84.6 percent infested plants, 526.9 borers per 100 plants. (Keith,
Berogan). NORTH CAROLINA - Surveys show even distribution statewide. Heaviest
infestations in Coastal Plain area. Stalk breakage related to borers did not
exceed 2 percent in any area. (Hunt). é

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - MISSISSIPPI - Continues heavy in late
sorghum in Noxubee County. (Robinson). NORTH CAROLINA - Adults collected from
milo near Plymouth, Washington County for first of season. About 80+ percent of
heads destroyed in 6-acre field. (Van Duyn et al.).

SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) —- MISSOURI - Percent infestation
by county as follows: Butler 23.2, Cape Girardeau 10.4, Dunklin 35.2, Mississippi
68, New Madrid 37.6, Pemiscot 29.6, Scott 40.8, Stoddard 24.8. (Munson).

ARIZONA - In 1970, at this time many fields of sorghum in Pima County 50 percent
infested. Presently about 4 percent. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

SMALL GRAINS

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - ARKANSAS - Outbreak, larvae up to 12 per
Square foot of wheat in Ashley County; about 100 acres destroyed. Controls
applied to several fields. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Small larvae heavy on wheat in
Jackson, Tillman, Cotton, Kiowa, Jefferson, and Stephens Counties. Ranged up to
6 per 4 leaf plant in some fields. Ovipositing adults numerous. Some fields
sprayed 3 times. Heavy in Harper, Woodward, Osage, and Craig Counties; moderate
in Garvin County. Moderate on rye in Choctaw County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

TEXAS - Damage decreased on small grains and grasses in Rolling Plains area.
Some damage continues. Noted throughout much of south-central area. Infested
coastal Bermuda grass, forage sorghums, lawns, and golf greens in counties

near Gonzales. (Boring, Cole).

= 720 =

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - MISSISSIPPI - Infested Bermuda grass
lawns in Oktibbeha County. (Robinson). ARKANSAS - Feeding on fescue pastures in
Ashley County. Controls may be needed. (Boyer). OKLAHOMA - Light to moderate in
south-central area. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

TWOLINED SPITTLEBUG (Prosapia bicincta) - ALABAMA - Light but noticeable damage
to several coastal Bermuda grass fields in Geneva and Barbour Counties.
(Reynolds, Walton).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa: Southern Maricopa County, larvae 54; Yuma County, Yuma Mesa and Valley
20, Gila Valley 80. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Larvae ranged 1-2 per sweep
in most alfalfa in Lea County and ranged 5-8 per 25 sweeps in fields near Roswell,
Chaves County. Adults very abundant in Lea County. (Mathews).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy in fall planted alfalfa
in Osage County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

GREEN CLOVERWORM (Plathypena scabra) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy; damage light in alfalfa
in several southwestern and south-central counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100
sweeps of alfalfa: Southern Maricopa County 486; Yuma County, Parker Valley 125,
Gila Valley and Yuma Mesa 110, Yuma Valley 650. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - OKLAHOMA - Adults averaged 12 per 25 sweeps of
alfalfa and common on ground. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

SOYBEANS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - VIRGINIA - Defoliated soybean leaves
in Nansemond County area; beans too mature to suffer much damage. (Smith).

VELVETBEAN CATERPILLAR (Anticarsia gemmatalis) - FLORIDA - Larvae attacked and
killed by Spicaria rileyi (a fungus) in Soybean fields near Gainesville, Alachua
County. (Whitcomb) .

BANDEDWING WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes abutilonea) - MISSISSIPPI - Surveys in Leflore,
Sunflower, Bolivar, and Coahoma Counties. Indicated infestations most common
around edges of fields. Heavy in single field in Leflore County; sooty mold noted
throughout field. (Robinson).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - Populations light (punctured square
counts less than I percent) in St. Lawrence area of Glasscock County where diapause
control programs have been carried out in previous years. In northeastern part

of Glasscock County where diapause control programs had not been conducted in
past, populations ranged 10-30,000 adults per acre. In many of these fields 100
punctured squares common. In Midland and Martin Counties, punctured squares

ranged less than 1 percent. (Neeb). OKLAHOMA - Adults numerous in cotton with
flowers and green squares in southwestern area fields not sprayed; squares not
likely to make before frost. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ALABAMA - Weevils in fields still
heavy although present newly emerged adults not expected to cause further damage
this season. Counties reporting problems with boll rot are Marion, Cullman,
Cherokee, Cleburne, Etowah, Hale, Dallas, and Barbour. (McQueen).

SPH,

BOLLWORMS (Heliothis spp.) - TEXAS - Heavy H. zea infestations appeared in fields
scattered throughout Rolling Plains area surrounding Wilbarger County. Heaviest
in fields where insecticides had been applied. (Boring). MISSISSIPPI - Few larvae
feeding on mature green bolls in several fields in Leflore, Sunflower, Boliver,
and Coahoma Counties. Average infestation about 3 percent. Some producers apjlied
an additional application of insecticide to control these larvae. Population
consisted of about 20 percent H. virescens. (Robinson).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - DELAWARE - Most larvae in diapause in
sweet peppers in Sussex County. (Burbutis, Lesiewicz).

BEANS AND PEAS

NOCTUID MOTHS - FLORIDA - Larvae of Anticarsia gemmatalis (velvetbean caterpillar)
account for 50 percent of population and Heliothis zea (corn earworm) 25 percent,
and H. virescens (tobacco budworm) 25 percent, on pigeon pea at Gainesville,
Alachua County. (Mead).

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - ALABAMA - Larval damage on unprotected pecan
trees critical in many central and southern areas. Defoliation more complete
than previously noted. Early loss of leaves reduces quality and yield of nuts
and potential yields for 1972. (McQueen).

GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - WASHINGTON - Alates migrating to over=
wintering host, peach, in Yakima Valley, Yakima County. (Johnson, Landis).

PEACHTREE BORER (Sanninoidea exitiosa) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy in young peach trees
in Latimer County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

WHITE PEACH SCALE (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) - FLORIDA - Many crawlers on peach
trees at Hawthorne, Alachua County. (Whitcomb).

CITRUS

Insect Situation in Florida - End of September - CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllo-
geptruta Oleivora) infested 80 (norm 57) percent of groves; economic in 63 (norm
5) percent. Increasing after brief decline in August and early September.

eae highest for this period in 20 years of record. Further increase
expected to keep population in high range into November. Highest districts west,
south, central, and north. East district low. CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri)
infested 18 (norm 23) percent of groves; economic in 4 (norm 5) percent. Popula-
tion near normal low level. Expect gradual increase and few groves may develop
important infestations. Highest district west. TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus
banksi) infested 17 (norm 16) percent of groves; economic in 2 (norm 3) percent.
This mite at low level of abundance normal for September. Fall increase started
and will continue into December. Highest district south. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes
gloverii) infested 48 (norm 50) percent of groves; economic in 5 (norm 8) percent.
Siightly below normal and in low range. Gradual increase expected. Highest
district west. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 45 (norm 46) percent of groves;
economic in 1 (norm 2) percent. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 28
(norm 30) percent of groves; economic in 2 (norm 2) percent. YELLOW SCALE
(Aonidiella citrina) infested 19 (norm 46) percent of groves; none economic

norm percent). These 3 scales all near or below their normal low levels for
this time of year in all districts. Little change expected. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia
oleae) infested 59 (norm 37) percent of groves; economic in 34 (norm 15) percent.
Although population at record high level for this month of year, it will soon drop
out of high range and gradually decrease to normal. Highest districts central,
south, and east. AN ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) infested 27 percent of groves;
economic in 21 percent. Population higher than in September of any prior year.

(P97)

Increase predicted for October. WHITEFLIES infested 88 percent of groves; economic
in 20 percent. Population of larval stage above normal and in high range. Decrease
expected. Highest districts west, central, and east. (W.A. Simanton, Citrus Expt.
Sta., Lake Alfred)).

CITRUS THRIPS (Scirtothrips citri) - ARIZONA - Young trees treated in citrus
nursery at Yuma. Home owners noticed fruit scarring and leaf damage, especially
to new growth in Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

GRASSHOPPERS (Melanoplus spp.) - ARIZONA - Unusually heavy in citrus nursery
feeding on seedlings on Yuma Mesa, Yuma County. Controls needed. (Ariz. Coop.
SUZ.)

SMALL FRUITS

BROWN SOFT SCALE (Coccus hesperidum) - CALIFORNIA - Adult infested wild grape-
vines at Napa, Napa County. Extensive grape vineyards in area. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

GRAPE PHYLLOXERA (Phylloxera vitifoliae) - PENNSYLVANIA - Aerial leaf galls
caused by nymphs and adults seen on Sevyl Blanc grape, 20-25 galls per leaf in
Lancaster County September 27; root galls on Concord grapes in northeast, Erie
County September 29. (Adams).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

A CONIFER SAWFLY (Neodiprion taedae linearis) - MISSOURI - Defoliation heaviest
in 15 years on 3-23 foot tall planted shortleaf pine along fringe of natural
range. Heavy defoliation expected in 1972. (Gass).

EUROPEAN PINE SAWFLY (Neodiprion sertifer) - MISSOURI - Expect populations to
remain below normal or normal in 1972. (Gass).

WHITE PINE SAWFLY (Neodiprion pinetum) - WEST VIRGINIA - Light larval damage to
plantings on reproduction white pine in Raleigh County. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

BAGWORM (Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis) - MISSOURI - Damage to evergreens expected
to increase in 1972. (Gass).

PALES WEEVIL (Hylobius pales) - MISSOURI - Not serious in Christmas tree planta-
tions in 1971. Expect incidence to increase in 1972. (Gass).

NATIVE ELM BARK BEETLE (Hylurgopinus rufipes) - NORTH DAKOTA - Elm trap logs
placed along Red River during May at 4 sites in Cass and Richland Counties this
period had up to 24 galleries per foot of log. (Brandvik).

ASIATIC OAK WEEVIL (Cyrtepistomus castaneus) - MISSOURI - In 1971, more widespread
and caused more defoliation in previously uninfested areas. Expect little change
in 1972. (Gass).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - MISSOURI - Populations heavy in southwest areas
in 1971. Expect heavy defoliation in Same areas in 1972. (Gass).

VARIABLE OAKLEAF CATERPILLAR (Heterocampa manteo) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy oak tree
defoliation in Preston area, Okmulgee County and Bryan County. (Okla. Coop.
Sur.). ARKANSAS - Still abundant on oak trees in Jefferson and Lincoln Counties.
(Boyer).

FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma disstria) - MISSOURI - First reports in 75
years in southern areas. Expected to be more numerous in 1972. (Gass).

EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR (Malacosoma americanum) - MISSOURI - Egg mass counts
indicate heavy populations can be expected in 1972. (Gass).

= 2 a

BIRCH SKELETONIZER (Bucculatrix canadensisella) - PENNSYLVANIA - Heavy larval
and cocoon counts. Defoliation over 70 percentymainly yellow birch in Warren
and Crawford Counties, September 23-30. (Adams).

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 53 cases reported in U.S.
October 3-9, as follows: TEXAS - Brewster 2, Edwards 9, Kerr 1, Kinney 3,
Maverick 1, Val Verde 16, Pecos 1, Real 1, Terrell 1, Uvalde 3, Bowie 1, Concho
1, Coryell 1, Hamilton 2, Kimble 1, Lampasas 3, Mills 2, San Saba 1; ARKANSAS -
Little River 2; UNKNOWN ORIGIN - 1. Total of 441 laboratory-confirmed cases
reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Territorio
sur de Baja California 2, Sonora 7, Chihuahua 251, Coahuila 98, Nuevo Leon 21,
Tamaulipas 62. Total of 121 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone.
Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation underway to prevent establish-
ment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screwworm flies released:
Texas 63,682,000; Arkansas 2,670,000; Arizona 3,646,000; Mexico 80,196,000.
(Anim. Health Div.).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - FLORIDA - Averaged 2.6 per head on untreated
beef cattle at Quincy. (Head). TEXAS - Still a problem in Archer County.
(Boring). NORTH DAKOTA - Infestations continue annoying hogs in east-central
counties. Ranged up to 10 per square foot on pens, floors, and walls in hog barn
in Traill County. (Brandvik).

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - MARYLAND - Adults ranged 60-200 per head on 30
beef cattle in Wicomico County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). FLORIDA - Averaged 1.4
flies per head on untreated beef cattle at Quincy, Gadsden County. (Head).
TEXAS - Activity decreased on cattle in Archer County. (Boring).

HORSE BOT FLY (Gasterophilus intestinalis) - MARYLAND - Adults averaged less than
1 (laying eggs) per 3 horses in Several areas in Prince Georges and Worcester
Counties. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - UTAH - Collected at Morgan, Morgan County, August
5, for a new county record. (Hanson, Knowlton).

A CATTLE TICK (Boophilus sp.) - TEXAS - During September, one collection from
Hidalgo County. (Anim. Health Div.).

STORED PRODUCTS

BROWN SPIDER BEETLE (Ptinus clavipes) - IOWA - Found in feed room in Clay County;
determined by H. Gunderson. This iS a new county record. (Iowa Ins. Sur.).

CADELLE (Tenebroides mauritanicus) - COLORADO - Heavy in 1971 stored wheat in
grain bin near Haxtun, Phillips County. (Bird).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

GREEN LACEWINGS (Chrysopa spp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 18 per 100 sweeps of milo
in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

HONEY BEE (Apis mellifera) - WEST VIRGINIA - Total of 1,116 colonies inspected
during September. Of these, 59 dead colonies and 12 diseased with American
foulbrood. Two of diseased colonies destroyed. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

A EULOPHID WASP (Encarsia formosa) - WASHINGTON - Natural population beginning
to control severe infestation Of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (greenhouse whitefly)
on tomatoes in greenhouse at Pullman, Whitman County. (Johansen).

MELYRID BEETLES (Collops spp.) - ARIZONA - Averaged 30 per 100 sweeps of alfalfa
in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

- 724 -

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS
Pink Bollworm Situation in the Trans-Pecos Area of Texas

Pink Bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) .populations have continued to build up
in the central and Trans-Pecos areas. Infestations generally widespread in Martin,
Midland, and Glasscock Counties and Bakersfield area of Pecos County in Trans-
Pecos area. Infestations in the Coyanosa area, and westward into Reeves and other
cotton-growing counties of Trans-Pecos were noted as being isolated and scattered.
During September, increase was noted, but these populations began to build up
later this year than in previous years. Most of the cotton in the Trans-Pecos
area is 60-70 percent open now, so late bolls in the field are subject to attack.
In Midland and Glasscock Counties, and in the Bakersfield area of Pecos County,
cotton is still blooming and it is not uncommon to find 10-15 percent rosetted
blooms in this area.

Widespread infestations have been noted in central areas. Hill, McLennan, Bell,
and Milam Counties have had heavy populations during September. Cotton in these
areas is about 75 percent harvested and pink bollworms are being found in the top
bolls. Heavy populations were noted in Hardeman County near Chillicothe.

Pink bollworm populations are general throughout the north-central area. (Green
et al.).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - NEW MEXICO - Increasing in cotton in
southern Eddy County, southern Dona Ana County, and in Hobbs and Lovington area,
Lea County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). ARIZONA - Pima County growers who discontinued
spray schedules, but planning on increased yields from top crop cotton, appear
to have lost. Others who maintained spray programs have less than 4 percent
infestations. In Bowie and San Simon areas top crop estimated to be 15 percent
infested in Cochise County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

CITRUS BLACKFLY (Aleurocanthus woglumi) - MEXICO - New infestation at Matamoros.
Specimens found on 3 citrus leaves about half block from Rio Grande. TEXAS -
Surveys negative in area treated 3 times at Brownsville, Cameron County. Some
eggs found in areas treated twice; apparently these egg nonviable. (PPD).

A FRUIT FLY (Anastrepha nigrifascia) - FLORIDA - Collected 52 adults (20 males,
32 females) in Single McPhail trap at Key West, Monroe County. (Pierce).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults collected in Porter
Township, Lycoming County; third collection for this county. (Gerardi).

ORIENTAL FRUIT FLY (Dacus dorsalis) - CALIFORNIA - Single male fly taken in

Steiner trap in loquat tree at Pacific Beach, San Diego County. Collected by
D.A. Reyes and E. Paddock. Determined by M. Gardner. First collection in San
Diego County. Delimiting surveys underway. Detection for larval infestation

negative. Area of this find is residential and beach homes; remote from any

commercial plantings. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

WESTERN GRAPELEAF SKELETONIZER (HarriSina brillians) - CALIFORNIA - Detection
revealed 40 eggs on grape foliage, 1 male and 3 female moths and 3 late instar
larvae, at Clovis, Fresno County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

WEST INDIAN SUGARCANE ROOT BORER (Diaprepes abbreviatus) - FLORIDA - Recovered 5
adults on October 1, and 6 on October 4, from leaves of sweet orange trees in
Plymouth area of Orange County. (Chambliss, Venable).

= 725 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Corn - Infestations moderate of mixed populations of POTATO APHID (Macrosiphum
euphorbiae) and TUMID SPIDER MITE (Tetranychus tumidus) in about 10 acres of
mature Seed corn at Kaunakakai, Molokai; trace in 6 acres of seedlings in 2
separate plantings of this crop at Same area. (Kawamura) .

Fruits and Nuts - BARNACLE SCALE (Ceroplastes cirripediformis) heavy in 1.5 acres
of mature passion fruit at Kahului, Maui; as many as 75 scales (mostly young) per
inch of pencil size stems. Trace in surrounding 12.5 acres; negligible in about
60 acres of young seedlings at same area. Parasites trace. (Miyahira) . COCONUT
LEAFROLLER (Hedylepta blackburni) damage moderate to heavy to fronds of old
coconut trees from Kamalo through Pukoa, Molokai; as much as 80 percent of fronds
on most trees affected; averaged 70 percent. Negligible on same host at
Kaunakakai. Damage moderate to heavy of older fronds of 5 coconut trees at
Kakaako, Honolulu, Oahu; about 80 percent of fronds affected. Moderate number of
unspecified hymenopterous cocoons noted on pinnae. (Kahale et al.). REDBANDED
THRIPS (Selenothrips rubrocinctus) moderate to heavy on 95 percent of young leaves
of about 100 mango (Mangifera indica) trees at Kahaina, Maui; as many as 100+
nymphs and adults on some heavily infested leaves. (Miyahira).

Forest and Shade Trees - Larvae of a NOCTUID MOTH (Melipotis indomita) moderate
under flaky bark of kiawe trees in leeward areas of Molokai; Polistes sp.

(a vespid wasp) numerous in area. On Maui, moderate larval populations causing 50
percent defoliation of about 20 monkeypod trees at Sprecklesville. Larval popula-
tion on Oahu light during September; light trap collections of adults indicated
peak in August (323) and decline in September (160). (Kawamura).

Beneficial Insects - Larvae of a TORTRICID MOTH (Apotoforma sp.) infested about

80 percent of young terminal leaves of scattered blackberry growth in 100+ acres
at Waikamoi, Maui. This species purposely introduced from Mexico in 1963 to aid in
control of blackberry and released on Maui in August 1964. (Miyahira).

Miscellaneous Pests - Adults of a LYGAEID BUG (Neacoryphus bicrucis) light in
fluted pinnae of young fronds of 8 roadside coconut seedlings at Kamiloloa,
Molokai; as many as 16 adults noted on one frond. Nil on 55 similar host plants
at same area. (Kawamura).

DETECTION

New County Records - BROWN SPIDER BEETLE (Ptinus clavipes) - IOWA - Clay (p. 723).
FACE FLY (Musca autumnalis) - UTAH - Morgan (p. 723).

TRAP COLLECTIONS

LIGHT

- 726 -

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0004 USENLINATA122 03001 OOO1
US ENTOMCLOGY LIBRARY CEPT
ENTOM NATIONAL MUSEUM
WASHIAGTCN DC 20560

SEARCH SERVICE

Li Pas

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

~

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 October 22, 1971 Number 43

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

FALL ARMYWORM larvae heavy on small grains in limited area of Oklahoma. Increased
on small grains in Rolling Plains of Texas. Remains troublesome on wheat in
southeast Arkansas. (p. 729).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER girdling some alfalfa in portion of Arizona.
Goen730))).

BARK BEETLES increased on pines in South Carolina and North Carolina. (p. 732).
PINK BOLLWORM infestations heavy in Arizona. Increasing in New Mexico. Infestations
general throughout central and north-central Texas. (p. 733).

Detection

New State records include TABANIDS from South Carolina. (p. 732).

For new county records see page 734.

Special Reports

Distribution of Vetch Bruchid. Map. (p. 736).

Reports in this issue are for week ending October 15 unless otherwise indicated.

= UAL =

= 728 =

CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional) SienisELEANCE si cicre (cic1n\eclele)elefe «clvleiclelciolelele clvlevelclelssheloreleyti2

Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane..........729 General Vegetables... ..ccccocccocscelal
Small’ Grad NS's cto ckeleleie\ala\s clei slate! ele lalate aVllxo Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.......73l
Turf, Pastures, Rangeland.....e..e30 CATLUS. -cccccccccccccccccccccccclal
Forage Le€ZumeS. oceccccccccccccccce etal OTVNAMENIGAY'Ss:c)clcclelelelc)e/alsleleislelelelelererti
SOVIDEANS ei cleleiclelolelcie'sicicielelcjetereielecaisrei oO) Forest and Shade TreeS..ccccceecldl
COULTON. cielcncterel stcielelelele,c/ cle clejeie lajstcisleleletioO Man Vand ‘Andimadiss clcjcleloiclclelejelclelslelerel(ctis
Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers.......73l Stored Products). s/c cic clccle cs siclelleyid

Beneficial! UNS CUS is cicic co c\cie 6/0 ane\elelcleveheveleleletele! clele/a erelsjalslcleloialeielevelelsieleliete avetelatatetehetenenenlicics
Federal and State Plant Protection) Programs). <<<. sc os clelele ec clclelcic cr alelclelelelolelelohatererenticrs
DETECT ONI. cvelertereioiol slays sles clevelelc elelefelaliexclelclsloalelolelleieia ckereleseleielele efelelelele aleleleleleloletoleleetaraiectentee.
Hawai l MnSEEEIREPOT Eieiciciciciclonolale ole lctalsletels cjelelefelele!clele clalelelokoiefeeleleleleiele elec levetelekelehelelehennenticiee
Lieht Trap) Collections). .< <icie os clejeleleislcleielecve! cle ies cleievcleleleleliel cteickec)/efele: oj elelislatel alieleka tel aleenenentaceel
Distribution of Vetch, Bruchids eMapicisc ccc ele oicle elele eceielejelelele)e cle) clelevclelelerelciaiatcreteretarerentiexOl

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK
MID-OCTOBER TO MID-NOVEMBER 1971

The National Weather Service's 30-day outlook for mid-October to mid-November is
for temperatures to average below Seasonal normals over the Great Plains, the
upper and middle Mississippi Valley, the upper Great Lakes and west of the
Divide except for near normal along the central and south Pacific coast. Above
normal averages are indicated for the south Atlantic and east Gulf Coast States
while near normal temperatures are expected in unspecified areas. Precipitation
is expected to exceed normal from the northern and central Plains to the
Appalachians and also over the southern Rockies. Subnormal totals are indicated
for the Pacific coast and the south Atlantic coast. Elsewi1ere near normal
precipitation is in prospect.

Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Oytlook"
published twice a month by the National Weather Service. You can subscribe
through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20250. Price $5.00 a
year.

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING OCTOBER 11

Reprinted from Weekly and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data Service,
NOAA,

HIGHLIGHTS: Typical autumn weather prevailed over most of the Nation. Heavy
snow fell in parts of the west. Torrential rains fell in the Florida Keys.

PRECIPITATION: Bright sunny skies predominated over most of the Nation early in
the week. The main exception was the cloud covered Northeast. High pressure
systems limited the precipitation to a few showers in opposite corners of the
Nation. The Far Northwest, an area from eastern Michigan to western New York,
southwest from southeastern Arizona to western Texas and southern Florida. Dry
weather and sunny skies prevailed in most of the other areas. A low pressure

area southwest of the Florida coast drenched southern Florida and the Keys.

Over 8.5 inches of rain fell at the International Airport, Key West, in a 48-hour
period ending Wednesday morning. Light showers dampened the Pacific Northwest.
Snow fell in the higher Rocky Mountains. On Thursday, showers were scattered from
Michigan to the Ohio River. As the weekend approached, snow was falling in

Weather of the week continued on page 736.

Nt 7AL)

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - MARYLAND - Feeding damage by this species and
Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper) averaged 10 percent in 400 acres of spinach near
Vienna, Dorchester County. Controls applied. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). VIRGINIA -
Larvae 6 per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in Roanoke County field. Most larvae second
and third instars. (Allen). MISSISSIPPI - Trapped 431 moths in light trap at
Stoneville, Washington County, October 1-7. (Pfrimmer et al.).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - NEW MEXICO - Light to moderate on barley in
Chaves County. Mathews). TEXAS - Ranged up to 20 per row foot of wheat in Randall,
Deaf Smith, Oldham, and Potter Counties. Heaviest range 0-20 in Deaf Smith

County. (Daniels). SOUTH DAKOTA - Trace in 220 acres of winter wheat north of
Pierre and south of Okobojo Creek in southwestern Sully County. (Singleton).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - MINNESOTA - Fall survey about 50 per-
cent completed. Shank damage due primarily by second-generation borers much
heavier than normal, but ear drop averaged less than 1 percent. Percent Shank
infestation averaged by district: South-central 45, southeast 23, east-central
10, west-central 33. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). NEBRASKA - Fall surveys complete. Average
population heavier than 1970. Decline seen in southeast and northeast, despite
large northeast first brood. Drought reduced survival in both areas. In east
district, population less than 1970; scattered heavy infestations seen in Butler
and Polk Counties, heavy in Kearney, Harlan, Dawson, and Hall Counties. Some
central and south district fields showed 19 borers per plant. (Berogan, Keith).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - FLORIDA - Accounts for 80 percent of
population infesting sweet corn, before silking, in Palm Beach County. Damaged
60-80 percent of sweet corn buds in untreated field plots at Belle Glade.
(Janes).

SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - TENNESSEE - Heavy in late corn
in central areas. Lodging 80 percent in late corn in Weakley County. (Pless).

A GROUND BEETLE (Apristus constrictus) - WASHINGTON - Collected October 4 in
yellow trap in Yakima County, for a new county record. Determined by M.H.
Hatch. (Landis).

A SCARAB (Euphoria rufobrunea) - WASHINGTON - Collected October 4 in yellow trap
in Yakima County, for a new county record. Determined by M.H. Hatch. (Landis).

SMALL GRAINS

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 12 per square foot in
small grain checked in Tillman County. Light in wheat and rye in Nowata County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Increased on small grains throughout much of the
Rolling Plains area. Damaging in Dickens, Knox, Clay, Fisher, Shackelford, Jones,
Foard, Childress, and Wilbarger Counties. Insecticides applied in some areas.
(Boring). ARKANSAS - Continues problem on wheat in southeast areas. Infestations
observed in Desha County. Very light in east-central areas, but one field treated.
(Boyer).

BROWN WHEAT MITE (Petrobia latens) - SOUTH DAKOTA - Ranged 2-16 per leaf; damaged
40 acres of 80-acre field of volunteer barley in southeastern Haakon County. Light
on nearby winter wheat. (Jones).

= 730; =

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - TEXAS - Second generation increasing on
grasses in Erath County. Apparently decreasing in south-central area. (Hoelscher,
Cole).

YELLOWSTRIPED ARMYWORM (Spodoptera ornithogalli) - TEXAS - Damaged coastal Bermuda
pastures in counties near Gonzales County. (Cole).

GRASSWORMS (Mocis spp.) - FLORIDA - M. iatipes accounted for 90 percent of popula-
tion; damage severe to 10-acre pangola grass pasture at Loxahatchee, Palm Beach
County and 0.5 to 1 acre spots in pastures at Belle Glade. (Genung).

A DELPHACID PLANTHOPPER (Delphacodes propinqua) - ARIZONA - Moderate to heavy in
Bermuda grass seed plots at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

A STINK BUG (Edessa florida) - VIRGINIA - Adults collected in house in Gloucester
County October 6 by F.B. Goode. Determined by R.L. Hoffman. This is a new county
record. (Allen).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - NEW MEXICO - Generally light in most
alfalfa in southern areas. Larvae ranged 5-7 per 25 sweeps in some areas. (N.M.
Coop. Rpt.).

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy in alfalfa in Pontotoc
County. Few fields to be treated. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

MEADOW SPITTLEBUG (Philaenus spumarius) - VIRGINIA - Adults 6 per 25 sweeps in
Montgomery and Roanoke County alfalfa. (Allen).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Yuma County: Gila Valley 200, Yuma Mesa 400, and Yuma Valley
500. Girdling noted in some established stands. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WISCONSIN - Populations light and expected to
remain light in western Dane County. Of specimens noted, 37 percent parasitized,
diseased or male, 20 percent, alate viviparae or developing wing pads, 43 percent,
viable apterate viviparae. No oviparous forms noted. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). NEW

MEXICO - Ranged 25-75 per square foot in some newly seeded alfalfa in Chaves
County. (Mathews).

SOYBEANS

MEXICAN BEAN BEETLE (Epilachna varivestis) - MARYLAND - Heaviest overwintering
populations in 4 years emerging from pupation in matured soybean acreage near
Salisbury, Fruitland, and Sharptown areas of Wicomico County. Flights of adults
heavy in most wooded areas in this section. Flight activity also heavy in the
Stockton and Girdletree areas of Worcester County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.). NORTH
CAROLINA - Defoliation still heavy in Coastal Plains. Defoliation 50+ percent in
some areas of Hoke and Robeson Counties. Critical period ended except for very
late soybeans. (Baxley).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - Extensive boll damage observed in
Throckmorton, Wilbarger, Tom Green, and Hardeman Counties. (Boring). ARKANSAS -
Live weevils still in fields in east-central areas. Diapause control applied in
southeast and central areas. Some diapause control in east-central areas. (Boyer).

{edb

BOLLWORM (Heliothis zea) - TEXAS - Continues to damage cotton in Wilbarger and
Young Counties. Moderate in some fields in Tom Green County. Feeding in small
bolls and should not cause appreciable economic damage. (Boring).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

LESSER BULB FLY (Eumerus tuberculatus) - COLORADO - This species and Rhizoglyphus
sp. (a bulb mite) damaged potatoes in Monte Vista, Rio Grande County.
(Thatcher, Harrison).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

A SPHINGID (Herse cingulata) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Single male moth collected at
street light at Dover, Strafford County. This is second specimen taken in 25
years of light trap operation. (Groman).

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - CALIFORNIA - Infesting English walnuts in
Meiners Oaks. Ventura County. Will be more of problem in walnuts this season
because growers failed to apply first treatment which usually is combined with
aphid control. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.). See CEIR 21(41):712. (PPD).

WALNUT HUSK FLY (Rhagoletis completa) - IOWA - Collected at Thompson, Winnebago
County for a new county record, September 30. Determined by J.L. Laffoon. (Iowa
Ins. Sur.).

EUROPEAN EARWIG (Forficula auricularia) - MASSACHUSETTS - Abundant on unpicked
applies, and in many injured apples still on trees in Hampshire County.
(Jensen).

CITRUS

Quarterly Insect and Mite Outlook in Florida - October through December - This
Outlook is based on the assumption that weather beyond the period of the current
U.S. Weather Bureau 30-day Outlook will be normal. Therefore, the forecasts
given below cannot be viewed with the same degree of confidence as those in the
"Insect and Disease Summary" usually released twice each month by this Center.

CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) will continue in high range through
December with about 22 percent of groves developing heavy infestations. Increase
will occur through November with gradual decrease expected thereafter. CITRUS
RED MITE (Panonychus citri) and TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) will
increase through December. Although population generally predicted to remain in
low range, rapid increases may be expected in young groves and heavy infesta-
tions likely in 6 percent of groves. WHITEFLIES will continue to be abundant
through October, then decrease to moderate level. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes
gloverii), PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii), and YELLOW SCALE (Aonidiella citrina) will
slowly increase; however, none expected to occur in important numbers. BLACK
SCALE (Saissetia oleae) population will continue to: be above normal and at
moderate level through November; however, little damage will result this year.
AN ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis citri) will produce crawlers until near-freezing
temperatures slow their activity. Spread of infestation to new areas predicted
due to crawlers transported by picking crews. (W. A. Simanton).

ORNAMENTALS

BRONZE BIRCH BORER (Agrilus anxius) - OREGON - Survey of ornamental birches in
Pendleton, Umatilla County, detected infestation in eastern sector of city.
Previously, infestations in southwest sector. (Westcott, Penrose).

CRANBERRY SPANWORM (Anavitrinella pampinaria) - ARIZONA - Controls difficult in
many instances in Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

= "732 =

HAWTHORN LACE BUG (Corythucha cydoniae) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults infested Crataegus
Crataegus phaenopyrum at Kettanning, Armstrong County, October 1 (Henry).

Determinations by E. Simons. This is a new county record. Adults infested
Crataegus monogyna stricta at Gibraltar, Berks County, September 30. (Wolf).

A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyai) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults moderate on Pieris
japonica at Kimberton, Chester County, October 1; adults light on P. japonica
at Media, Delaware County, September 30, for new county records; adults heavy
(treated in July) at Audubon, Montgomery County, October 6; heavy on azalea
(yellowing) in nursery at Glen Mills, Delaware County, September 30. Determina-—
tions by E. Simons. (Christie).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

BARK BEETLES (Dendroctonus spp.) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Populations of D. terebrans
(black turpentine beetle) and D. frontalis (southern pine beetle) increasing on
pines in Oconee, Aiken, and Surrounding counties. (Fox). NORTH CAROLINA -

D. frontalis increased in Durham, Person, and Granville Counties. In other areas,
‘activity remains about same or less than earlier in 1971. Salvage control
continues. (N.C. For. Ser. Newsltr.).

A WEEVIL (Pissodes sp.) - WEST VIRGINIA - Adults damaged 80 percent of Scotch
pine in 2-acre plantation in Ritchie County. (W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

A LECANODISPIDID SCALE (Lecanodiaspis prosopidis) - UTAH - Heavy on ash twigs at
Moab, Grand County, September 1. Collected by G.F. Knowlton and R.S. Roberts.
Determined by M. Kosztarab. (Knowlton).

VARIABLE OAKLEAF CATERPILLAR (Heterocompa manteo) - OKLAHOMA - Moderate on oaks in
Tulsa County. Light on pin oak in Stillwater area, Payne County. (Okla. Coop.
Sur.). TEXAS - General larval infestations in oaks throughout northeast area.
Isolated infestations on oaks in Travis and Montgomery Counties. (Lackey,

Green).

FALL WEBWORM (Hyphantria cunea) - NEW MEXICO - Heavy on cottonwood trees and
other shade trees Statewide. Some with as many as 10 webs per tree. (N.M. Coop.
Rpt ke

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 39 cases reported in U.S. October
10-16, as follows: TEXAS - Bandera 1, Brewster 3, Edwards 4, Hidalgo 1, Kinney

3, Maverick 2, Real 1, Starr 1, Terrell 4, Uvalde 2, Val Verde 7, Bell 1, Brown

2, Kendall 2, Lampasas 1, San Saba 1, Sutton 2, Travis 1. Total of 295 laboratory-
confirmed cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as
follows: Sonora 29, Chihuahua 128, Coahuila 67, Nuevo Leon 18, Tamaulipas 53.
Total of 92 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area
where eradication operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining
population in U.S. Sterile screwworm flies released: Texas 66,298,000; Arkansas
1,260,000; Arizona 3,646,000; Mexico 108,592,000. (Anim. Health Div.).

TABANIDS - SOUTH CAROLINA - Adult females of Tabanus cymatophorus recovered in
Newberry County in June and Agkistrocerus megerlei from Sumter, Berkeley, and
Charleston Counties by C. Sheppard during July 1971. Determined by L.L. Pechuman.
These are new State records. (McCaskill).

MOSQUITOES - MINNESOTA - Light trap operations for season completed by
Metroplitan Mosquito Control District on October 1. Aedes vexans accounting for
640 or 75 percent of 867 female mosquitoes taken during week in 16 traps. Other
species taken included Culex restuans, Culiseta inornata, C. morsitans, and
Anopheles walkeri. Special sampling for Coquillettidia perturbans larvae produced
Il postive Samples. In evening and daytime bite collections A. vexans accounted
for over 90 percent of collection. Some single-brooded Aedes such as A.
excrucians, Ao stimulans, and Ae fitchii also taken. (Minn. Pest Rpt.).

TS

A COMBFOOTED SPIDER (Latrodectus hesperus) - NEVADA - Numerous specimens moving
into homes, garages, and other buildings in southern Washoe County. (Nev. Coop.
Rpt.).

STORED PRODUCTS

POTATO TUBERWORM (Phthorimaea operculella) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae 3 per tuber in
potatoes at packing Shed in Oxnard, Ventura County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

A FLEA BEETLE (Longitarsus jacobaeae) - OREGON - About 250 adults released for

control of tansy ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) at 2 sites period ending October 8,
in Tillamook and Lane Counties. (Penrose, Westcott).

A WEEVIL (Phrydiuchus tau) - OREGON - About 100 adults released for control of
Mediterranean Sage, Salvia aethiopis in Lakeview area, Lake County, October 5.
This species is from Turkey and Yugoslavia and Should be better adapted to climate
than the previously released, P. spilmani. (Goeden).

A BRACONID - MISSISSIPPI - Unspecified braconid appears very heavy on Sibine
stimulea (saddleback caterpillar) and on last generation of Ceratomia catalpae
(catalpa sphinx) in Oktibbeha County. Parasitizing 90-100 percent of population.
(Robinson).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

CITRUS BLACKFLY (Aleurocanthus woglumi) - TEXAS - All forms found in dooryard
citrus in regulated area extending 6 blocks south of treatment area to within
0.25 mile of large commercial citrus orchard at Brownsville, Cameron County.
(PPD).

AN ENCYRTID WASP (Ooencyrtus kuwanai) - SOUTH CAROLINA - This egg parasite
released at Myrtle Beach State Park, Horry County,in close proximity to trap
Site where one male Porthetria dispar (gypsy moth) trapped earlier this year.
(McKee).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - CALIFORNIA + As of October 18, total

of 7 moths trapped in Tulare County and one in Kern County during 1971 season.
(PPD). ARIZONA - Infestations of Pima variety cotton ranged 70-100 percent in
Graham County. This and boll rot reduced yields in this area. Larval counts per
bale at lint cleaners in Yuma County: 4-7 at Yuma and 40 at Parker. (Ariz.

Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Increasing on cotton in Eddy, Dona Ana, Luna, and Lea
Counties. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). TEXAS - General infestations noted throughout central
and north-central areas. Heavy infestations in some fields in Tom Green County
near San Angelo. (Boring). LOUISIANA - Single moths recovered in each of 3 traps
in Rapides Parish. (PPD).

DETECTION

New State Records - TABANIDS - SOUTH CAROLINA - (Tabanus cymatophorus and
Agkistrocerus megerlei) Newberry County and Sumter County, respectively.
p. 732).

New County Records - A GROUND BEETLE (Apristus constrictus) WASHINGTON - Yakima
(p. 729). HAWTHORN LACE BUG (Corythucha cydoniae) PENNSYLVANIA - Armstrong

(p. 732). A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyai) PENNSYLVANIA - Chester, Delaware

(p. 732). A SCARAB (Euphoria rufobrunea) WASHINGTON - Yakima (p. 729). A STINK
BUG (Edessa florida) VIRGINIA - Gloucester (p. 730). WALNUT HUSK FLY (Rhagoletis
completa) LOWA — Winnebago (p. 731).

- 734 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Sorghum - Cryptoblabes aliena (a phycitid moth) larvae and Rhopalosiphum maidis
(corn leaf aphid) moderate to heavy in 2,000+ acres of sorghum at Kilauca, Kauai;
as many as 325 larvae and pupae of C. aliena per Single panicle. R. maidis

heavy in several fields, obscuring portion Of some flowering panicles. Larvae
and adults moderate of Coelophora inaequalis (a lady beetle) in R. maidis
infested fields. Contarinia sorghicola (sorghum midge) light in most plantings,
leavy in 60-acres, seed yield near zero. Parasitism by Eupelmus poppa (an
eupelmid wasp) about 5 percent of random C. sorghicola infested material.
(Kawamura).

Turf, Pasture - GRASS WEBWORM (Herpetogramma licarsisalis) infestation of
‘Kikuyu and pangola pastures moderate at Pahoa, Hawaii; adults of Casinaria
infesta (an ichneumon) and Eucelatoria armigera (a tachnia fly) moderate. H.
licarsisalis no larval activity at Hana and Ulupalakua, Maui; adults light.

(Yoshioka, Miyahira).

General Vegetables - BEAN FLY (Melanagromyza phaseoli) heavy on backyard snap
bean plantings at Palolo, Oahu; 100 percent of seedlings severely affected. On
Maui, field collected yardlongbean material showed percentage parasitism by
Opius sp. (a braconid) and Halticoptera patellana (a pteromalid wasp) respec-
tively: Waikapu 85 and 15; Puunene 25 and 25. On Kauai, field collected cowpea
and snap bean material revealed parasitism from 88 to 100 (average 97) percent;
mostly by Opius sp. Infested long and snap bean material collected at Waimanalo,
Oahu,during September revealed light parasitism by H. patellana. Of 20 infested
petioles collected emergence of M. phaseoli and H. patellana, respectively: 99
and 13 from infested long beans; 201 and 2 from infested Snap beans. (Miyahira
et alee

Forest and Shade Trees - Infestations of AN ADELGID (Pineus pini) light to trace
on Pinus radiata and P, elliottii at Waikii, Hawaii; also noted on Pinus spp.
along Saddle Road and residences at Paauilo, Honokaa, and Kamuela. Treatment
applied or recommended. On Oahu and Maui, eradication efforts continue. Survey
on Kauai and Molokai negative. (Yoshioka, Kawamura).

General Pests - NARROW WINGED KATYDID (Elimaea punctifera) damage to anthurium
flowers, citrus fruits, and foliage continues at Pahoa,Hawaii. Less damage
occurred on anthurium flowers and in backyard plantings of cucumber and snap
beans at Hilo. About 30 percent of field collected E. punctifera eggs at Pahoa
parasitized by Ufens elimaeae (a trichogrammatid wasp) Small numbers of another
parasite, Anastatus koebelei (an eupalmid wasp) also emerged from this host
material. (Matayoshi

Man and Animals - Trapped 75 VEXANS MOSQUITO (Aedes vexans nocturnus) and 869
SOUTHERN HOUSE MOSQUITO (Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus) in 55 light traps during
September on Oahu. Aedes ranged up to 62 per trap at Kahaluu. Culex ranged up to
229 per trap at Sunset Beach. (Mo~ ,. Contr. Br. Dept. of Health). During September
GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina f .1ca) baiting resumed on Kauai; 36 snail

collected and destroyed. Snail activ: ty at Wahiawa negative. (Sugawa).

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PLANT PROTEC

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Division
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection Division, ARS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 Number 44

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT
HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

GREENBUG spread in Washington. Infestations noted in New Mexico and Texas.
(D. 73) <

FALL ARMYWORM larvae damaged small grain in Oklahoma and wheat in limited area
of Mississippi. LESSER CORNSTALK BORER damaged wheat in one area of Oklahoma.
HESSIAN FLY heavy in wheat in portion of Kentucky. (p. 739).

COTTON LEAFPERFORATOR larvae economic on cotton in portions of Texas. (p. 740).
GYPSY MOTH defoliated almost 2 million acres of woodlands in the Northeastern
Sitaicesi ein! LOVIls «(oy 743).

Detection

New State records include a LACE BUG from California and a MEGALOPYGID MOTH
from Tennessee. (p. 742).

For new county records see page 743.

Special Reports

Distribution of Oldhouse Borer. Map. (p. 746).

During the months of November, December, and January, there will be one

B issue per month of the CEIR. This act_on is being taken because of the
reduced insect activity during these months and the need for the editorial
staff to concentrate on special projects.

Reports in this issue are for week ending October 22 unless otherwise indicated.

= 737 -

- 738 -

CONTENTS
Speciall Insects of Repalonaly Sr emibicancey. cyeyapeyeteiele aie cielol eat ell= mlelNaleVelatar-laleleletalelehat cists 739
Insects Affecting
Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane... °2...... M39 COVE CHOPS tesewetere! cas ile) ecaies sue ane cle .740
Small Gac awn Shr ratetere sere susiieretetotoretanatelle 739 General Vegetables. . s.r. ster screveeite 740
turt, Pastures), Rangeland). y.jtore state 740 Deciduous Fruits and Nuts....... 741
Horapie le sumeSygey.t ei eect) siepetsiehshanarel= 740 CRErUSHe cone SfiotrevtousileWet elie ovis oven oteenetane 741
DREW UHEe man coc abo nc OPO o ls DODD OO6 UC 740 Ornamenta lst crore to cheno clevenenersualtenaheneions 742
(CLolin Heinys Ghd caniiceaGicacedia orhatho obo. a.08 740 Horestt and! shade Treesm. o.iereherne 742
Potatoes, Tomatoes, Peppers....... 740 Man and Animals..... S,areke leuohecekenonene 742
Benet ictal InSe@ tS aera ciche soa. Se eee teas Galle. eTiowairoits) a\retehfenobelionst orsmagee sl oiiek sao teRanenal & eionene 743
Federal and State! Pllant (Protection eroeraMms nc. <cehckeheveles«lelodelshs ielelerei=iei=;ekonclenelenelsiane oat 43
DEES SIT ON eins eye) ate acislare aie ole) chs) ob oanabeteteuemenlensAecsiisite) its) <oueus, oueheiteekemel meres I Cio. oo 0 743
Hawaii Wnsecit REPOKt 7 F. siete tclcrercucienelcnsiolcielisicite oji<iiol ole) eNoke) eioNetoNkehakeshok-¥n i. fa lcledelajelieiane ~.. 144
Each wraps CoLMeGitaOnS:,.2.4,.:2, cs svokeueneleneuericlielicie!s) o%er,suslie) ovefellelete ele he Pate ReMels) =oell=) = Keli== iis k-aeeaa 745
Disitributaon. of Olidhouse (BOver Se Maples ss = cnc ois <jeiels lene: eherells/chohe folehiellsis oe felcieheler sie eieeemanes 746

WEATHER OF THE WEEK ENDING OCTOBER 25

Reprinted from Weekly and Crop Bulletin supplied by Environmental Data Service,
NOAA.

HIGHLIGHTS: The West continued cool and warm weather prevailed over the East.
Some heavy rains in Virginia and over much of North Carolina.

PRECIPITATION: Snow fell in the Rocky Mountains and cold rain fell over the
western Great Plains, in connection with a low pressure area centered over
northeastern Colorado Monday October 18. Two inches of snow fell at Flagstaff,
Arizona, Monday morning, bringing the total snow depth to 11 inches. Rainfall
amounts ranged widely from less than 0.25 inch to more than 3 inches. Some of
the larger amounts were Bismarck, North Dakota, 1.62 inches. Rain also fell in
the warm humid air along the Gulf. About midweek, rain began spreading inland
along the north Pacific coast, in connection with an approaching offshore
disturbance. Heavy rains fell from Missouri to Texas at midweek. Daily totals at
numerous stations in northeastern Texas exceeded 3 inches. Fort Worth received
2.64 inches Tuesday. Dallas received 2.55 in 24 hours and 1.32 inches in 1 hour.
Heavy rains caused important rises along rivers and some flooding. Lighter rains
also fell at midweek in Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, and over the Atlantic Coastal
States from Virginia to Florida. Light rains fell almost daily in the Pacific
Northwest with weekly totals ranging from 0.25 inch or less over inland sections
to over 4 inches near Puget Sound. Snow fell in the mountains above about 5,000
or 6,000 feet.

TEMPERATURE: Early in the week, the low pressure center moved from northeastern
Colorado to Manitoba. Cold air whistled southward west of system, and warm humid
but pleasant weather prevailed over eastern half of the country. On Monday,
maximum temperatures over the West ranged from the 40's over the Great Basin to
the 60's in southwestern deserts. The mercury climbed to 65° at Phoenix, Arizona,
and to only 31° at Flagstaff. On Tuesday morning, Flagstaff with a temperature of
6° was one of the coldest spots in the Nation. This is the coldest temperature of
record for Flagstaff so early in the autumn. East of the system, afternoon
temperatures reached the 70's as far north as the Dakotas, 77° at Aberdeen,

South Dakota, Monday afternoon. The high 70's and 80's were common from the
central Great Plains to the Gulf of Mexico. New England near the center of a high
pressure area warmed to the 60's Monday. Temperature contrast between the cold
West continued through most of the week. Chicago, Illinois, warmed to 84° Tuesday
afternoon and subfreezing weather pushed far southward into New Mexico, where
Roswell registered 32° Wednesday morning. The Southwest warmed at midweek.
Weather of the week continued on page 744.

- 739 -
SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

ARMY CUTWORM (Euxoa auxiliaris) - KANSAS - Early October blacklight trap catches
indicated flight in central and west-central areas. (Bell).

ASTER LEAFHOPPER (Macrosteles fascifrons) - OKLAHOMA - Light, 0-8 per square foot,
in small grain in Major County. Heavy, probably this species, in wheat in McClain
County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) - KANSAS - Statewide survey conducted during
September in field corn. Total of 51 of 105 counties included in survey. Greatest
yield losses occurred in 3 central crop reporting districts (2.1 to 2.6 percent).
(Bell) .

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - WASHINGTON - Distribution increased, with most
notable infestations in Benton and Franklin Counties; reported as far north as Lind
in Adams County. Ranged 200-400 per row foot in few fields in these areas,

October 14. Expect about 10,000 acres to need treatment if increases continue.
(Klostermeyer) . NEW MEXICO - Ranged 0-2 per linear foot of wheat in Quay and

Curry Counties. (Mathews). TEXAS - Infestations observed in Cottle, Motley, and
Dickens Counties. Some controls applied. (Boring).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - ALABAMA - Few larvae observed in late
corn at Delta, Clay County. This is a new county record, Light in corn examined
in Clay, Randolph, Tallapoosa, and Elmore Counties . (McQueen, Oct. 15). KANSAS -
Fall survey showed that percent infested stalks about same as found in 1970.

With exception of east-central district, populations generally lower than in
1970. (Bell).

SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - KENTUCKY - Collected in
Edmondson, Simpson, and Alien Counties. These are new county records. (Barnett).
KANSAS - Survey in southeast and south-central districts during September indica-
ted populations lower in 1971 than in 1970. (Bell).

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - TENNESSEE - Continues heavy (15+ per head)
in late milo in western areas. (Locke, Gordon).

SMALL GRAINS

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - TEXAS - Infestations did not develop in
northern area aS expected. Damage continues in Rolling Plains area. (Turney,
Boring). OKLAHOMA - Larvae, 20 per linear foot, destroyed large wheatfield in
Tonkawa area, Kay County. Ranged up to 20 per linear foot in Major County.
Controls planned. Counts of 4 per square foot in Osage County. Heavy in Johnston,
Love, Cotton, and Mayes Counties. Destroyed 30 acres of oats in Johnston County.
Some spraying reported in Lincoln and McClain Counties. Moderate in Alfalfa,
Canadian, and Coal Counties and light in Bryan County. (Okla. Coop. Summ )ie
MISSISSIPPI - Larvae defoliated field of wheat in Grenada County. (Robinson).
ALABAMA - Light in scattered spots on rye in 100-acre field in Covington County.
Volunteer corn in this field destroyed by larvae. Many larvae killed by predators.
(Huggins) .

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - OKLAHOMA - Heavy on wheat in
Roger Mills County. Damage severe in Sandy fields. (Okla. Coop Sr.).

HESSIAN FLY (Mayetiola destructor) - KENTUCKY - Heavy infestation on whe ct planted
in mid-September in Fayette County. (Barnett).

MOLE CRICKETS (Scapteriscus spp.) - FLORIDA - Damaged newly planted wheat and oats
in experimental fields at Quincy, Gadsden County. (Greene).

- 740 -

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

CHINCH BUGS (Blissus spp.) - TEXAS - Heavy infestations of B. insularis
(southern chinch bug) in Brazos, Burleson and several south-central counties.
(Cole, Green). WEST VIRGINIA - B. leucopterus leucopterus adults caused heavy
damage to lawn in Braxton County. Qian VayalniseeSsumer

FALL ARMYWORM (Spocoptera frugiperda) - OKLAHOMA - Continues moderate in Bermuda
grass in Johnston, Bryan, and Love Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.)

GRASSHOPPERS (Melanoplus spp.) - TENNESSEE - Mainly M. femurrubrum and
M. differentialis caused heavy damage to fescue and clover pasture in Hardeman
County. Controls recommended. (Locke).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - KENTUCKY - Adults 105 and larvae 460 per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Fayette County. Damage noted. (Barnett).

CLOVER LEAF WEEVIL (Hypera punctata) - KENTUCKY - Adults 20 per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa in Fayette County. (Barnett).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - NEW MEXICO - Slight increase, counts 25-50 per
25 sweeps of alfalfa in Quay County. (Mathews). KENTUCKY - Adults and nymphs 235
per 100 sweeps of alfalfa in Fayette County. (Barnett).

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - NEW MEXICO - Larvae 6-8 per 25 sweeps of
alfalfa near Tucumcari, Quay County. (Mathews).

PEANUTS

REDNECKED PEANUTWORM (Stegasta bosqueella) - NEW MEXICO - About 10 percent of
terminals infested in fields checked in Roosevelt County. (Mathews) .

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - ALABAMA - Still heavy on top bolls and squares
in all cotton examined in Lee, Chambers, Bullock, Crenshaw, Butler, and

Covington Counties. From 1 to 3 top bolls per plant opening or trying to open in
most fields with 1 to 4 locks damaged by young weevils and rot. (McQueen).

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ALABAMA - Larvae, 1-5 per plant, defoliated
late field of cotton in Covington County, especially new growth, (Foshee).

COTTON LEAFPERFORATOR (Bucculatrix thurberiella) - TEXAS - Heavy on cotton in
some areas of Pecos and Reeves Counties. Some economic damage observed. (Neeb).

POTATOES, TOMATOES, PEPPERS

WHITEFLIES - NEW MEXICO - Unspecified species problem on tomatoes in commercial
greenhouses at Corrales, Sandoval County. Very difficult to control. (Heninger) .

COLE CROPS

THRIPS - WISCONSIN - Currently unverified, suspect Thrips tabaci (tobacco thrips)
caused more trouble to cabbage growers than originally indicated. In southeastern
area many acres of earlier varieties plowed up due to market rejection. (Wis.
Ins. Sur)

GENERAL VEGETABLES

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - Major problem of many lettuce
growers in Salt River Valley. Controls not satisfactory in many cases in
Maricopa County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.)

- 741 -

CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni) - ARIZONA ~ Egg counts heavy on young lettuce
and depending on weather conditions could become serious problem at Yuma, Yuma
Counttynen Ariz (Coopemsuns)):

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH (Grapholitha molesta) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy mining in twigs
of pears in Kearney, Fresno County. (Gal (Coop! Rpt.)

SAN JOSE SCALE (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus) - UTAH - Severe in pear orchard at
Brigham City, Box Elder County, heavy on fruit, twigs, and petioles (Davis,
Knowlton); apricots damaged at La Verkin, Washington County. (Roberts).

PECAN WEEVIL (Curculio caryae) - MISSISSIPPI - Larvae 3 per 100 nuts sampled
from orchard in Newton County. Some larvae entering soil. (Robinson).

TWIG PRUNER (Elaphidionoides villosus) - OKLAHOMA - Damage heavy to small limbs
(up to 2 inches in diameter) of pecan in area in southern Atoka County and in
Bennington area, Bryan County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

WALNUT CATERPILLAR (Datana integerrima) - ARKANSAS - Populations heavier than
usual. Many walnut trees completely defoliated in north and west areas. (Boyer) .

WALNUT HUSK FLY (Rhagoletis completa) - OREGON - Infested commercial walnut
orchard for first time near Dundee, Yamhill County. Most larvae left husks and
entered ground to overwinter. (Roberts, Larson).

CITRUS

Citrus Insect Situation in Florida - Mid-October - CITRUS RUST MITE
(Phyllocoptruta Oleivora) infested 88 (norm 67) percent of groves; economic in
69 (norm 41) percent. Population above average and very high. Infestations of
similar magnitude on leaves and fruit. Further increase expected until mid-
November. Highest districts west, south, north, and central. East low.

CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) infested 26 (norm 23) percent of groves;
economic in 3 (norm 5) percent. Population still normal and in low range but
started upward trend which will persist through November, Rapid increase may be
expected in about 5 percent of groves. Highest districts west, north, and south.
TEXAS CITRUS MITE (Eutetranychus banksi) infested 23 (norm 18) percent; economic
in 3 (norm 4) percent. Starting to increase from normal low level. Heavy infesta-
tions likely to build up rapidly in scattered groves during next 2 months.
Highest district west. GLOVER SCALE (Lepidosaphes gloverii) infested 56 (norm 56)
percent of groves; economic in 4 (norm 7) percent. Increased but still below
normal abundance and in low range. Gradual increase expected. Highest districts
west and south. PURPLE SCALE (L. beckii) infested 46 (norm 53) percent of groves;
economic in 1 (norm 2) percent. CHAFF SCALE (Parlatoria pergandii) infested 32
(norm 37) percent of groves; economic in 1 (norm 2) percent. YELLOW SCALE
(Aonidiella citrina) infested 14 (norm 52) percent of groves; economic in none
(norm 6 percent). Populations of these scales at low level in nearly all
districts. Little change expected. BLACK SCALE (Saissetia oleae) infested 61
(norm 35) percent of groves; economic in 30 (norm 13) percent. Population at
highest level on record for October. It consists mostly of low or moderate infes-
tations with very few heavily infested groves. Little change expected until cool
weather. Highest districts central, east, and south. AN ARMORED SCALE (Unaspis
citri) 27 percent of groves; 20 percent moderately or heavily infested. Popula-
tion will remain spotty and near level of past few months. Activity will become
less with onset of cooler weather, WHITEFLIES infested 91 percent of groves;
economic in 30 percent. Populations of eggs, larvae, and adults increased and
now in high range and much above normal. Decrease expected in November. All
districts high. (W.A. Simanton (Citrus Expt. Sta., Lake Alfred)).

- 742 -

ORNAMENTALS

A LACE BUG (Corythucha montivaga) - CALIFORNIA - About 100 adults per leaf on
wyethia plants in Mono County. Collected by E. Paddock on July 29, 1971.
Determined by G. Buxton, confirmed by R.C. Froeschner. This is a new State
record. Occurs in Montana, Wyoming, and Utah. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

WESTERN PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyacionia bushnelli) - CALIFORNIA - Survey indicates
positive finds in "Sea World" at Pacific Beach, San Diego County. Extends distri-
bution several miles north of previously known infestations. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (Rhyacionia frustrana) - ARKANSAS - Heavy in pine in
Saline and Hempstead Counties. (Boyer

A MEGALOPYGID MOTH (Norape ovina) - TENNESSEE - Larvae damaged redbud in Knox

County, September 24, 1971. Collected and determined by R.P. Mullett. This is a
new State record. (Gordon).

POPLAR TENTMAKER (Ichthyura inclusa) - PENNSYLVANIA - Larvae caused up to 100
percent defoliation to 20 Salix babylonica in Westmoreland County and about 4
trees in Indiana County. (Barret, Henry) .

AN APHID (Stegophylla quercina) - MARYLAND - Heavy on southern red oak (Quercus
falcata) on June 1 near Salisbury, Wicomico County. Determined by T. Bissel.
This is a new county record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

PINE BARK APHID (Pineus strobi) - VIRGINIA - Nymphs heavy on white pines at
commercial plant in independent city of Danville. (Allen).

BRONZE BIRCH BORER (Agrilus anxius) - OREGON - Survey in Pendleton, Umatilla
County, nearly complete. Indicate infestations in all sections. Infestation not
general. (Westcott, Penrose).

WALKINGSTICK (Diapheromera femorata) - ARKANSAS - General in western area hard-
woods, Mating occurred past 2 weeks, egg laying underway. (Boyer).

MAN AND ANIMALS

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - FLORIDA - Averaged about 17 per head on dairy
cattle near Gainesville, Alachua County. (Butler). OKLAHOMA - Counts of 800 per
cow and 1,500 per bull in Payne County and ranged 800-1,200 per head in Marshall
County. Heavy in Cotton and Lincoln Counties and moderate in Cleveland and
McClain Counties. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

NORTHERN CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma bovis) - ILLINOIS - Found in Ogle, Schuyler,
Madison, Perry, St. Clair, and Williamson Counties. Collected by S. Moore,
determined by D. Webb. These are new county records. (I11l. Ins. Rpt.).

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 33 cases reported in U.S. October
17-23 as follows: TEXAS - Brewster 1, Hidalgo 1, Jeff Davis 2, Kinney 3,

Terrell 3, Uvalde 1, Val Verde 5, Bowie 1, Burnet 1, Concho 1, Hays 1, Lampasas
6, Lee 1, San Saba 3, and Sutton 3. Total of 334 laboratory-confirmed cases
reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as follows: Sonora ll,
Chihuahua 190, Coahuila 64, Nuevo Leon 15, Tamaulipas 54. Total of 87 cases
reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication
operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S.
Sterile screwworm flies released: Texas 61,988,000; Arizona 2,820,000; Mexico
167,004,000, (Anim. Health Div.).

- 743 -
BENEFICIAL INSECTS

A BRACONID (Microctonus aethiops) - MARYLAND - Specimens recovered by dissection
of Hypera postica (alfalfa weevil) by county: Washington (1) November 27,
Montgomery (7) June, and Baltimore (13) June. Determinations by W.T. Hollaway.
These are new county records. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

EUROPEAN CRANE FLY (Tipula paludosa) - WASHINGTON - One adult female collected
at golf course on Orcas Island during September. This is a new county record for
San Juan County. Determined by W.J. Turner. (Goss).

GYPSY MOTH (Porthetria dispar) - About 1.94 million acres defoliated to some
degree in 1971 in MAINE, NEW HAMPSHIRE, VERMONT, CONNECTICUT, MASSACHUSETTS,
RHODE ISLAND, NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, and PENNSYLVANIA. Most acres defoliated in
Connecticut 655,107, Pennsylvania 598,200, and New York 479,150. (PPD).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - TEXAS -Continues to attack late cotton
in most north-central counties. (Turney). OKLAHOMA - Larvae found per 50 green
cotton bolls by county: McClain 5; Garvin 3; Marshall 9; Love 23; Jefferson 27.
Lint cleaner inspections positive in Cotton, Tillman, and Caddo Counties. (Okla.
Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - No larvae found in green cotton bolls in Quay, Curry,
and Roosevelt Counties. (Mathews). CALIFORNIA - Recovered tenth moth of season

on October 22. Total of 8 moths trapped in Tulare County. In Kern and Fresno
Counties, 1 moth each to date. No larvae recovered in San Joaquin Valley this
year. Total of 89,000,000 sterile moths released in Kern and Tulare Counties to
date. (PPD).

A WHITEFRINGED BEETLE (Graphognathus leucoloma fecundus) - SOUTH CAROLINA -
Specimens collected at Spartanburg, Spartanburg County, by W.B. Lott. This is a
new county record, Determined by V.H. Owens, confirmed by R.E. Warner.
(McCaskill).

WOOLLY WHITEFLY (Aleurothrixus floccosus) - CALIFORNIA - Survey for release
sites for parasites completed. About 22,400 properties surveyed and 103 suitable
release sites selected. Parasite releases continued with about 1,000 released;
total released 18,081 to date. Evidence of colonization noted on 12 properties.
Eretmocerus paulistus (an eulophid wasp) apparently established; adults
appearing, at relieaSe! sites. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

DETECTION

New State Records - A LACE BUG (Corythucha montivaga) - CALIFORNIA - Mono County.
(p. 742). A MEGALOPYGUD MOTH (Norape ovina) - TENNESSEE - Knox County. (p. 742).

New County Records - AN APHID (Stegophylla quercina) MARYLAND - Wicomico (p. 742).
EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) ALABAMA - Clay (p. 730). EUROPEAN CRANE
FLY (Tipula paludosa) WASHINGTON — San Juan (p. 743). NORTHERN CATTLE GRUB
(Hypoderma bovis) ILLINOIS - Ogle, Schuyler, Madison, Perry, St. Clair, William-
son (p. 742). SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) KENTUCKY -
Edmondson, Simpson, Allen (p. 730). A WHITEFRINGE EET Graphognathus leucoloma
fecundus) SOUTH CAROLINA - Spartanburg (p. 743).

- 744 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Sorghum - CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) light on young sorghum heads in 250 acres;
A PYRALID MOTH (Cryptoblabes aliena) heavy in mature seedheads in about 400 acres;
CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) heavy in 350 acres of 12-inch tall sorghum
at Kilauea, Kauai. Parasitism by Lyoiphlebius testaceipes (a braconid) heavy; as
much as 90 percent of R. maidis parasitized. (Sugawa).

General Vegetables - Adults of Greenhouse WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)
trace to light in 0.5 acre of bittermelon at Pupukea, Oaku; eggs and nymphs
moderate. Larvae and adults of DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella) moderate in
2 acres of head cabbage at Kula, Maui. Larvae affected 75 percent of plant leaves
of recently harvested heads; about 2-6 larvae per leaf. (Ah Sam, Miyahira). A
MEMBRACID BUG (Antianthe expansa) moderate in small backyard planting of red
pepper at Nuuanu; as many as 29 nymphs and adults per 6-inch of stem. Negative

on adjacent tomato planting. Moderate to heavy on same crop at Liliha, Oahu
(adjacent to Nuuanu). These sites, about 11 miles from original point of host
association in Waipahu and Ewa area, indicate may be fairly widespread. Damage

by CHINESE ROSE BEETLE (Adoretus sinicus) and TOBACCO FLEA BEETLE (Epitrix
hirtipennis) light to moderate to 90 percent of leaves in 0.4 acre planting of
eggplant at Pupukea, Oahu. Adults of E. Hirtipennis light; average less than 1
per leaf. Larval mines of LEAF MINER FLIES (Liriomyza spp.) moderate to heavy in
0.5 acre of tomato at Pupukea, Oahu. Moderate to heavy mines on older leaves in
20+ acres of watermelon at Kahuku; adults heavy, as many as 25 per leaf; averaged
5. (Kawamura) .

Fruits and Nuts - LARGE MANGO TIP BORER (Bombotelia jocosatrix) damage light to
100+ mango trees at Haiku, Maui; about 10 percent of young terminal leaves
affected. (Miyahira). Parasitism of a SWALLOWTAIL BUTTERFLY (Papilio xuthus)
eggs by Trichogramma sp. (a minute egg parasite) decreased. On Oahu, field
collected eggs parasitized as follows: Six of 19 at Ewa (32 percent); 12 of 24
at Moanalua (50 percent) and 4 of 27 at Pauoa (15 percent). (Au et al.).

Weather of the week continued from page 738.

Thermal, California, and Phoenix, Arizona, registered 85° Thursday afternoon,
The eastern third of the Nation continued unseasonally mild with minimum
temperatures only slightly lower than normal maximums. Weekly average temperatures
were below normal from the Pacific coast to the western edge of the Great Plains
and above normal from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the area
from Minnesota to New York and southward to Tennessee averaged 6° to 14° warmer
than normal.

LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS

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UNITED STATES
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0004 SMINLISMIA122 03001 OCOL
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBR-
ARTES SMITHSONIAN INST
WASHINGTON DC 20560

4 é NOLA BV NO! 45-48QN~. NOVEMBER 1971

2 Coo petat ive
ECONOMIC INSECT
> REPORT

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Issued by

PLANT..PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE, PROGRAMS
ANIMAL AND.PLANT HEALTH SERVICE

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UNITED STATES, DEPARTMENT.-OF AGRICULTURE
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ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE PROGRAMS

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION STAFF

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Service
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs, APHS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 November 26, 1971 Numbers 45-48

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions
GREENBUG damaged small grain in Texas, Kansas, and Nebraska. (p. 749).
FALL ARMYWORM damaged small grains in Illinois and Oklahoma. (p. 750).

CABBAGE LOOPER nuisance on vegetables in Tennessee, Oklahoma, and Arizona.
(p. 751).

A SCARAB reduced the grade of sweetpotatoes in North Carolina. (p. 752).
PECAN WEEVIL damage is heavy in Alabama, Texas, and Oklahoma. (p. 752).

SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BARK BEETLE adults and larvae collected for first time
west of Cascades in Oregon. (p. 754).

CITRUS BLACKFLY surveys show extensions in Texas and Mexico. PINK BOLLWORM

numbers heaviest in 4 years in Texas. (p. 755).

Detection

New State records include PYRALID MOTHS, an OECOPHORID MOTH, a TORTRICID MOTH, and
a NOTODONTID MOTH from Alabama (pp. 752-754), JUNIPER SCALE from Wisconsin

(p. 753), and a BROWN LACEWING from Pennsylvania. (p. 754).

For new county and Island records see page 757.

Special Reports

Estimated Losses and Production Cost Attributed to Insects and Related
Arthropods - 1970. (pp. 759-772).

A New Trap for Capturing Boll Weevils. (pp. 773-774).

Reports in this issue are for weeks ending October 29 through November 19 unless
otherwise indicated.

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CONTENTS
Special Insects of Regional, Silent i Canes ic aisicic\<lcleleieie eielele ohelelorele sions etereineieiaterciene enna
Insects Affecting

Corn; Sorghum, SUBARCANEC./. clcrelc tele cletelertiAo General Vezetabiles). ac cic cles sic ele conti
SOM LS Gaza TS sirelreile aisles) elie) evel sie talielelorere elec elf OO) Deciduous Fruits and Nuts.......752
Turi, Pastures, Rangeland... ..csc0e. 00 CHELUS chej 0000) e wie) 0 eis! eielcie eile ieieie cloleleioe
Forage MeECUMeSt aie « oe) sisielcicle, eel ciclepeselelele OO) OLNAME TALS Siete oho eliete’s so clel or che etereveteisiaey
SOY;DE ANS is aie 1s\'0)0 010 e's 6 o\(016)s\0)le \a\(e)'ee) ei elie/ele eis Ol: Forest and Shade TreeS....ccccecoldd
COTTON shetereievel oie) elelolelslelelte) sfelelolele) elelaleleraierer((ol Mam ‘and Anainail's).rcicvec c/« 0 cle elcleletoletenkia
DUGAT BESTS. <isiciels so) 0410) 0 01516) ore ci e/ele/claloie onto: Households and Structures.......754

Beneliucial INSECTS sje cc cele © eee a! ee elelejeleleiielelel ene) eleyelele) efe/eicleleel eee s/o eke! elerelelarereretel al aneteterenenaiciee
Federal and State Plant, Protection: PrOSxraMms) « siersove's vie) eo) 61s) 0,0 © o c)etare syereyelcron srelckeheneneaione
Hawaia Insect: EVOL. s « sfeoleieie cies ololessielelere! «) oleielsl eevs s)s)eieleelfel oreiiereteherei(e) ei ejepeetekereketenenetenenen nti!
DET SSELON. (ecyci choi aie) s |e) «0101 040) obey ee] ble evel eke ale eioxe ef eee oleic alalehere) exesc) & olaveye ches epeyaverele sata] oteiene none nea AIT
COPE EELONS Srerersieveie (oiisieucle oie) ie e0'eielei eles: site eis/e.e/s\'eile/e) 6) eel 6) ef aielellniie.e\leie)els) ai/el exalioy vevel aver ehat erent nen en Gg
Light Crap (COMME TRONS cys iciarerejate \e/ eVehelens)etis/ ayo e'syere clei cle} spiel oveysyul a) sfaxs\chejel or shay of sts) eVey Cee n enone RILES
Estimated Losses and Production Cost Attributed to Insects and Related

AVGEDTNOPOUS |— WIM Ost eiatafeterel chateleiel el eleielaveleis’ cole! eleleveiatelloveteleneieleleleteleleieisl si cvelale ce veyetenenetehenenanenmiches
A New ‘Izrap #for’ Capturine -Bodel Weenells) < cic, ever oy aveiaiel ovoydioks al ave: clshepefal «opel sls: e)onsperoiclereneteneeneniaticd

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK
MID-NOVEMBER TO MID-DECEMBER 1971

The National Weather Service's 30-day outlook for mid-November to mid-December

is for temperatures to average above seasonal normals over the eastern half of the
Nation except for near normal in New England. Below normal temperatures are
indicated from the Rockies to the west coast and over western portions of the
northern Plains. Elsewhere near normal temperatures are in prospect. Precipitation
is expected to exceed normal from the Great Plains through the upper and middle
Mississippi Valley to the Great Lakes and also over the south Pacific coast

and portions of the central and southern plateau region. Subnormal totals are
indicated along the eastern seaboard from the Carolinas to New England and in the
interior of the Pacific Northwest. In unspecified areas near normal precipitation
is in prospect.

Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook"
published twice a month by the National Weather Service. You can subcribe through
the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20250. Price $5.00 a year.

(Ake) =

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

BEET LEAFHOPPER (Circulifer tenellus) - CALIFORNIA - Heavy, up to 200 per sweep
in Kings County. Heaviest since 1965. Fall treatment ended; total of 164,299
acres of rangeland treated. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

CORN LEAF APHID (Rhopalosiphum maidis) - OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy on Sudan
grass windbreak around wheatfield in Jackson County. Occasional aphid noted in
2 wheatfields in Payne County. First report in wheat. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). NEW

MEXICO - Ranged 25-75+ per square yard in barley near Roswell, Chaves County.

(Mathews).

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - WASHINGTON - Light on wheat in Franklin County
from Kahlotus to Pasco. (Klostermeyer). NEW MEXICO - Very light (0-1 per linear
foot) in barley in Chaves County. Up to 4 per linear foot of wheat near Clovis,
Curry County, and at Portales, Roosevelt County. Up to 3 per linear foot in
wheatfields near Clayton, Union County. (Mathews). TEXAS - Damaged some small
grains in Cottle and Motley Counties. Some controls applied. Light throughout
most of Panhandle on‘small grains. Scattered reports of damage in Wilbarger and
surrounding counties. Heavy in some Motley County fields. Some controls on wheat.
(Boring et al.). OKLAHOMA - Averages per linear foot of wheat by county: Payne
10, Jackson 0.1, Custer 8, Major up to 5. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Ranged
1,000-1,200 per row foot of wheat in portion of Lincoln County. Caused 25 percent
stand loss in one field, about 1 percent winged form. Controls planned. Light in
other areas of county. (Bell). NEBRASKA - Up to 500 per linear foot damaged wheat
in Hamilton County. Damage less in rank growth. (Cranfill). MISSISSIPPI - Light
on young wheat in Noxubee, Oktibbeha, Winston, Attala, and Monroe Counties.
(Robinson).

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 40 per square
foot in fall-planted alfalfa field in Payne County. Light (20-30 per 10 sweeps)
in 2 established fields. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARIZONA - Controls applied to 200
acres of alfalfa in Yuma County early this reporting period. Counts of 500 per
100 sweeps of alfalfa noted at Yuma later in period. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

SORGHUM WEBWORM (Celama sorghiella) - MISSISSIPPI - Larvae 11 per ‘ead from 10-
head sample of sorghum in Noxubee County. Still heavy on sorghum week ending
November 5. (Robinson).

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Surveyed 171 corn-
fields in 32 counties; economic in 20 percent of these fields in 1971 and 1970.
(Durant).

SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - TENNESSEE - New county
records: Wilson, Trousdale, Sumner, Macon, Smith, De Kalb, Cannon, Warren,
Grundy, Marion, Van Buren, Coffee, and Franklin. Collected and determined by
Pless and Gordon this period. (Gordon).

WESTERN CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) - ILLINOIS - Adults found in De Witt,
Macon, Menard, Christian, Morgan, Sangamon, and Shelby for new county records.
GH sins Rpt .)\.

SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) - NORTH CAROLINA - Damaged 50+ percent of
sorghum in random checked fields in Stanley and Harnett Counties. Destroyed 50-
acre field in Stanley County. (Hunt).

= (50>=

SMALL GRAINS

FALL ARMYWORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) - ILLINOIS - Heavy; damaged 30 of 36 acres
of wheat in St. Clair County. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.). OKLAHOMA - Larvae 25 per linear
foot of wheat in Blackwell area, Kay County. Destroyed 50-acre field. Averaged
0.5 per linear foot in Eldorado area, Jackson County. Light to moderate infesta-
tions in Payne, Kingfisher, Garvin, and Cotton Counties. Still heavy in early
November on Small grains in Oklahoma County. Declined in Coal and Murray Counties.
Destroyed 20-acre field of small grain in Johnston County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
TEXAS - Continues to cause moderate damage to small grains in Archer, Cottle,
Foard, and Jones Counties. Decreased in Motley County. (Boring).

PALE WESTERN CUTWORM (Agrotis orthogonia) - NEBRASKA - Populations declined in
1971. Catches at light traps in southwest and panhandle districts in September
and October light, indicating light oviposition. Only light scattered infesta-
tions predicted for Kimball, Banner, Morrill, Dundy, and Chase Counties in
1972. (Pruess).

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - TEXAS - Damaged newly
planted small grains in Some Wilbarger County fields. (Boring).

HESSIAN FLY (Mayetiola destructor) - ILLINOIS - Infested 50 percent of seedlings
in 3 early planted wheatfields in Effingham County; killed 25 percent of plants.
Two fields replanted. All fields planted about 2 weeks prior to suggested
planting date of October 5-8. Clay County damage noticeable. (Ill. Ins. Rpt.).

WHITE GRUBS (Phyllophaga spp.) - MICHIGAN - Damaged fall-sown wheat in Shiawassee
County. Young plants clipped below soil surface and generally chlorotic and

dying in several fields. Grubs found down to 8 inches deep in soil. Worst white
grub injury noted. (Sauer). KANSAS - Damage severe in Hamilton County wheatfield;
damage moderate in Cowley County field. (Bell).

WINTER GRAIN MITE (Penthaleus major) - OKLAHOMA - First of season. Up to 10 per
linear foot in 2 wheatfields in Payne County. Light to moderate on wheat in
Kingfisher County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

A SATURNIID MOTH (Hemileuca tricolor) - ARIZONA - Larvae heavy on range plants in
portion of Cochise County. Not delimited due to rugged terrain. Feeding on white
thorn acacia and mesquite. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

SOUTHERN CHINCH BUG (Blissus insularis) - CALIFORNIA - Adults on Bermuda and St.
Augustine grass in Riverside, Riverside County. This is a new county record.
Collected by A. Deal on October 5. Determined by G. Buxton. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

SOUTHERN FIRE ANT (Solenopsis xyloni) - TEXAS - Activity increased throughout
central area, Heavy on pastureland in some areas of Brazos and McCulloch County;
also detected at Waco, McLennan County. (Green et al.).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - WISCONSIN - Adults averaged about 6 per 10
sweeps in uncut alfalfa in western Dane, southern Sauk, and northeastern Iowa
Counties. Ranged 8-10 per 10 sweeps in heavier soils north of Madison County.
Declined from previous period due to cooler temperatures. Larval counts remained
fairly consistent but light. (Wis. Ins. Sur.). VIRGINIA - Adults and larvae
light on alfalfa in Lunenburg, Charlotte, Hanover, New Kent, Dinwiddie, Prince
George, Powhatan, and Louisa Counties. (Innes, Tate). OKLAHOMA - Adults light on
alfalfa in Payne County. Averaged 2 per 100 sweeps in one field and less than 1
per Square yard in another. Adults averaged 70 per 25 sweeps of alfalfa in
Stephens County; larvae 10 per 25 sweeps. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - Adults and
larvae light on alfalfa in Burleson County; adults light in Wharton County.
(Latham et al.).

= ®t =

ALFALFA CATERPILLAR (Colias eurytheme) - ARIZONA - Larvae per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa by county: Yuma 200 and Maricopa 8. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO -
First and second instar larvae up to 3 per 25 sweeps of alfalfa in Farmington
area, San Juan County. (Heninger). Ranged 4-10 per 25 sweeps in Roswell area,
Chaves County, and 10-18 in Carlsbad area, Eddy County. (Mathews).

LESSER CORNSTALK BORER (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) - TEXAS - Killed newly seeded
alfalfa stands in Wilbarger County. (Boring).

PEA APHID (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - WISCONSIN - Declined about 50 percent this
period. Sexuals continue to increase; 36 percent oviparous forms compared to 11
percent previous period. Parasitism and males still about 10 percent. (Wis.
Ins. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Moderate to heavy, ranged 2-10 per square foot, on
alfalfa in Roswell area, Chaves County. (Mathews).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Counts per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Yuma County: Parker 135 and Yuma 900 early this period.
Counts by county: Yuma 165 and Maricopa 182 as of November 5. (Ariz. Coop.
Sur.).

LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - NEW MEXICO - Adults and nymphs ranged 6-8 per 25 sweeps
on Chaves County alfalfa. (Mathews). Ranged 1-8 on alfalfa in Farmington area,
San Juan County. (Heninger).

SOYBEANS

A CERAMBYCID BEETLE (Dectes texanus texanus) - NORTH CAROLINA - Larvae girdled
stems in southern Washington County and northwest Hyde County. Infestations 30+
percent in 5 fields. (Ogle et al.).

COTTON

BOLL WEEVIL (Anthonomus grandis) - TEXAS - Heavy in cotton throughout Rolling
Plains. Infestations in many fields ranged 2,000-16,000 per acre early this
period. (Boring). MISSISSIPPI - Continues heavy in some fields in some southern
counties. Frost not heavy enough to kill foliage. (Robinson).

BOLLWORM (Heliothis zea) - NEW MEXICO - Infestations scattered in cotton in
Artesia area, Eddy County. Damaged up to 4 percent of green bolls. (Mathews).

BANDEDWING WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes abutilonea) - ALABAMA - Specimens collected on
cotton in Elmore, Autauga, Montgomery, and Macon are new county records.
Determined by L.M. Russell. (McQueen).

SUGAR BEETS

FALSE CELERY LEAFTIER (Udea profundalis) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae of this species
and Spodoptera exigua (beet armyworm) 3 per sweep of sugar beets at West
Sacramento, and 6 per sweep at Woodland, Yolo County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) - ARIZONA - First and second instar larvae
heavy on 6-inch-tall sugar beets in 80-acre field at Tolleson, Maricopa County.
(Griz. Coop. Sur.).

GENERAL VEGETABLES

NOCTUID MOTHS - TENNESSEE - Mixed larval populations of BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera
exigua) , CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea), and CABBAGE LOOPER (Trichoplusia ni
moderate on commercial Spinach in Dyer County. Controls as of November 5 not
effective and spinach rejected at processing plant due to presence of larvae.
(Johnson). OKLAHOMA - T. ni heavy in 200 acres of spinach and turnips in east-
central area. Fields treated once but control not adequate and will be treated
again. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). ARIZONA - T. ai moderate to heavy on cabbage,
cauliflower, and lettuce at Yuma, Yuma County. Controls applied. (Ariz.Coop.Sur.).

= 1/8y5

IMPORTED CABBAGEWORM (Pieris rapae) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae damaged cabbage at
Crescent City, Del Norte County. (Gailze Coop 2 Rpt yy.

SALTMARSH CATERPILLAR (Estigmene acrea) - ARIZONA - Larvae migrated into lettuce
period ending November 12. Foil barriers erected around fields. “CAnilz Coop

Sure).

SWEETPOTATO HORNWORM (Agrius cingulatus) - MARYLAND - Single specimen taken at
Laurel, Prince Georges County, on October 19. Collected and determined by T.L.
Bissell. This is a new county record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

A SCARAB (Strigoderma arboricola) - NORTH CAROLINA - Larvae damaged sweetpotatoes
in isolated Johnston and Wilson County fields. Surface damage on all potatoes in
5-acre Wilson County field; potatoes reduced from grade 1 to cannery potatoes,
(Hunt).

GREEN PEACH APHID (Myzus persicae) - MARYLAND - Ranged 1-4 per row yard in 400
acres of spinach near Vienna, Dorchester County. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

DECIDUOUS FRUITS AND NUTS

A TORTRICID MOTH (Acleris minuta) - ALABAMA - Larvae heavy and damaging foliage
of young apple trees at nursery in Cullman County on September 16, 1971.
Collected by C.A. Kouskolekas. Determined by D.M. Weisman. This is a new State
record. (McQueen).

CODLING MOTH (Laspeyresia pomonella) - CALIFORNIA - Infesting apple fruit in
Castro Valley, Alameda County. This species and Paramyelois transitella (navel
orangeworm) heavy on walnuts at Visalia, Tulare County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

HICKORY SHUCKWORM (Laspeyresia caryana) - ALABAMA - Last generation of larvae in
many pecan Shucks on and under several hundred unsprayed trees in Lee and Elmore
Counties. Larvae 1 per 10 nuts in many trees. Numbers usually fewer on seedlings.
(Linder et al.).

PECAN WEEVIL (Curculio caryae) - ALABAMA - Larval damage heavy to nuts in several
pecan orchards in Dale County. (Estes). TEXAS - Heavy damage to pecans in Haskell
County. (Boring). OKLAHOMA - Larvae infested 40 percent of untreated pecan nuts
in orchard in Rogers County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

ITALIAN PEAR SCALE (Epidiaspis leperii) - CALIFORNIA - Adults heavy on walnut trees
in Gridley and general on walnuts in Biggs, Butte County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

CITRUS

CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - ARIZONA - Up to 5 per citrus leaf at Yuma,
Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

CITRUS RUST MITE (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) - FLORIDA - Adults infested 30 percent
cf 150 satsuma (Citrus nobilis) plants in nursery at Riverview, Hillsborough
County. (Simmons). ’

COTTONY CUSHION SCALE (Icerya purchasi) - ARIZONA - This species controlled in 60
acres of lemons by vedalia (Rodolia cardinalis) on Yuma Mesa. Heavy infestations in
residential areas of Yuma County; predators absent. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

BROWN SOFT SCALE (Coccus hesperidum) - ARIZONA - Mostly on residential citrus and
at small grove near Yuma City, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

NAVEL ORANGEWORM (Paramyelois transitella) - CALIFORNIA - Larvae 3 per citrus
fruit locally at La Mesa, San Diego County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

= (es) S

ORNAMENTALS

JUNIPER SCALE (Carulaspis juniperi) - WISCONSIN - Specimens collected from juniper
at Madison, Dane County, by W.E. Simons on June 29, 1971. Determined by D.R.
Miller. This is a new State record. (Wis. Ins. Sur.).

A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyai) - PENNSYLVANIA - Adults heavy on Pieris sp. at
Schuylkill Haven, Schuylkill County. Collected by Wolf on October 21, Determined
by E.E. Simons. Adults on Pieris japonica at Apollo, Armstrong County. These are
new county records. (Henry, Garret). Adults collected on P. japonica near
Sewickley, Beaver County, by L. Garret November 1. Determined by E.E. Simons.
This iS a new county record. (Kim).

GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) - KENTUCKY - Nuisance in green-
houses in Jefferson and Franklin Counties and on orchids at commercial orchid
producer in Fayette County. (Barnett).

HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) - VIRGINIA - Adults collected from home in
Shenandoah County, by R. Manning and J.D. Cutlip November 16. Determined by W.A.
Allen. This is a new county record. (Allen).

AZALEA LEAFMINER (Gracillaria azaleella) - NEW HAMPSHIRE - Heavy on potted plant
in greenhouse at Concord, Merrimack County. Adults reared from material collected
by C. Williams, October 25, 1971. Determined by W.J. Morse. (Blickle).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus frontalis) - NORTH CAROLINA - Surveys indicate
populations heavy in 73,000 acres in Nantahala National Forest, Cherokee County,
during September. (Hunt).

BLACK TURPENTINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus terebrans) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Outbreak that
started in 1970 on Sand Hills State Forest and Cheraw State Park declined.
Parasites, predators, and salvage operations primary factors in decline.
(Remign).

LODGEPOLE NEEDLEMINER (Coleotechnites milleri) - CALIFORNIA - Infestation in
Waugh Lake in the Rush Creek area of Inyo National Forest. Involved 400 acres of
lodgepole pines; damaged about 700 pines. (Smith, USFS).

A*CONIFER SAWFLY (Neodiprion fulviceps) - OREGON - Adults emerged in lab in early
October from larvae collected in nursery at Portland, Multonomah County, May als) 5
from needles of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris). Determined by D.R. Smith. First
record noted from this host. (Larson).

A CECIDOMYIID MIDGE (Cecidomyia piniinopis) - CALIFORNIA - Much damage to
ponderosa pines in 10-acre stand in Sierra National Forest in Fresno County.
Outbreaks widespread in State past 2 years. Some damage to plantations in Mt.
Shasta area, Siskiyou County. (Rutty, USFS).

A PYRALID MOTH (Tetralopha militella) - ALABAMA - Larvae ranged 1-5 per sycamore
leaf; folding, webbing, and skeletonizing about 80 percent of leaves at Auburn,
Lee County, on September 27, 1971. Collected by L. Wade. Determined by D.M.
Weisman. This is a new State record. (McQueen).

A PYRALID MOTH (Tetralopha asperatella) - ALABAMA - Larvae damaged leaves of red
oak at Dothan, Houston County, on September 24, 1971. Collected by W.H.
Stephenson. Determined by D.M. Weisman. This is a new State record. (McQueen).

AN OECOPHORID MOTH (Psilocorsis faginella) - ALABAMA - Larvae damaged leaves of
red oak at Dothan, Houston County, on September 24, 1971. Collected by W.H.
Stephenson. Determined by D.M. Weisman. This is a new State record. (McQueen).

— (o4-—

A NOTODONTID MOTH (Datana contracta) - ALABAMA - Larvae feeding on post oak at
Auburn, Lee County, on September 27, 1971. Collected by L. Wade. Determined by
D.M. Weisman. This is a new State record. (McQueen).

SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BARK BEETLE (Scolytus multistriatus) - OREGON - Adults and
larvae collected from trap elm logs at Hood River County, at Medford, Jackson
County, and at Grants Pass, Josephine County. These are new county records.
(Goeden). Medford and Grants Pass collections represent first occurrences west
of Cascades. Counties from which collections made include Wasco, Umatilla,
Malheur, Klamath, and Lake. (Penrose).

A WEEVIL (Sciaphilus asperatus) - WISCONSIN - Invaded home at Park Falls, Price
County, period ending October 29. This is a new county record. (Wis. Ins. Suey re

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 49 cases reported in U.S. October
24 to November 19 in TEXAS. Remainder of report is for October 24 to November
13. Total of 1,130 laboratory-confirmed cases reported in Barrier Zone in
Republic of Mexico as follows: Sonora 77, Chihuahua 542, Coahuila 181, Nuevo
Leon 84, Tamaulipas 246. Total of 247 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier
Zone. Barrier Zone is area where eradication operation underway to prevent
establishment of self-sustaining population in U.S. Sterile screwworm flies
released: Arizona 616,000; New Mexico 210,000; Texas 126,194,000; Arkansas
4,710,000; Mexico 274,000,000. (Anim. Health).

HORN FLY (Haematobia irritans) - OKLAHOMA - Continues heavy on cattle in Cotton
County; light to moderate in Cleveland and Garvin Counties. Averaged 400 per
head on steers in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

STABLE FLY (Stomoxys calcitrans) - TEXAS - Heavy on cattle in Fayette County.
(Cole).

HOG LOUSE (Haematopinus suis) - MISSISSIPPI - Heavy on swine in Oktibbeha
County. Controls applied. (Robinson).

NORTHERN FOWL MITE (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) - MISSISSIPPI - Early infestation
on poultry in Jones County. Control yl applied. (Robinson).

EAR TICK (Otobius megnini) - OKLAHOMA - Moderate to heavy in ears in several

cattle herds in Roger Mills County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).
HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES

GERMAN COCKROACH (Blattella germanica) - OREGON - Infested residence at Salem,
Marion County. This is a new county record. (Penrose).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

A BROWN LACEWING (Kimminsia schwarzi) - PENNSYLVANIA — One adult specimen swept
from Austrian pine near Indiana, Indiana County, by Henry and Garret September
3, 1971. Determined by O.S. Flint. This is a new State record. (Kim).

A WEEVIL (Phrydiuchus tau) - OREGON - Released 175 adults on Mediterranean sage
(Salvia aethiopis) in Lakeview area, Lake County. (Goeden).

HONEY BEE (Apis mellifera) - WEST VIRGINIA - Total of 553 colonies inspected

during October. Twelve colonies dead and two diseased with American foulbrood.
(W. Va. Ins. Sur.).

S71 BS)

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

CITRUS BLACKFLY (Aleurocanthus woglumi) - Surveys indicate extensions in Browns-
ville, TEXAS and Matamoros, MEXICO. All new infestations in Brownsville light
and scattered. Surveys continue. Controls in progress. (PP).

EUROPEAN CRANE FLY (Tipula paludosa) - WASHINGTON - Numerous larvae collected
from lawns at Blaine, Whatcom County, week of November 1-5. Heavy rains
apparently caused larvae to surface. (Rosander).

GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina fulica) - FLORIDA - Eggs collected from 4 different

lawns in northwest area of Miami, Dade County. (DeHaven, Lawton, Oct. 18).

IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis saevissima richteri) - GEORGIA - Light on farm at
Whitesburg, Carroll County. Collected by K.R. Parkinson November 1. TEXAS -
Heavy in plowed cornfield at Chappell Hill, Washington County. Collected by
B.B. Smith November 4. Both county records determined by V.H. Owens; confirmed
by D.R. Smith. (PP).

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - ARIZONA - Lint cleaner larval counts
per bale in Yuma County cotton gins: Roll 11, Horn 50, Blaisdel 0, Parker
Valley 4-40, Texas-Hill 30, Yuma 2-9, Somerton 9, and Gila Valley 1. At San
Simon 21+ per bale in Cochise County. Larvae 12.5 per 100 bolls checked in
Mohave Valley area of Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Populations
increased in cotton in Artesia area, Eddy County. Green boll infestations
ranged 8-20 percent. (Mathews). Several fields near Sunland Park, Dona Ana
County, had heavy infestations in green bolls. Two fields with 90+ percent of
green bolls infested and many had 2+ larvae per boll October 29. (Campbell).

No larvae in green bolls in 6 fields in Roswell area, Chaves County. (Mathews).
TEXAS - Detected in one field in Wichita County during period ending October 29.
(Boring). Larvae moderate to heavy in bolls in most Trans-Pecos area counties.
Larvae ranged 2-5 per boll in many fields. Found in unopened bolls in Midland,
Martin, Glasscock, Reagan, and Ward Counties and certain areas of Pecos County.
Populations in cotton heavier than since fall of 1967. Most larval infestations
in this area ranged 5,000 to 30,000 per acre. (Neeb). Light to heavy in Fort
Bend, Wharton, and Brazoria Counties. (Poindexter). OKLAHOMA - Percent green
bolls infested by county: Caddo 7; McClain 10; McIntosh 20; Greer 10; Harmon
5; Jackson 1; Bryan 35; Garvin 10; Jefferson 54; Marshall 40; Love 46; and Coal
30. Positive lint cleaner inspections from 2 new counties, Coal and McIntosh,
but inspections in Jackson and Harmon Counties negative. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

SWEETPOTATO WEEVIL (Cylas formicarius elegantulus) - TEXAS - Heavy and localized
near Rosenberg, Fort Bend County, mid-November. Adults 8-10 per plant. Tubers
severely perforated and larvae numerous. (Poindexter).

TULIPTREE SCALE (Toumeyella liriodendri) - CALIFORNIA - Found on yellowpoplar and
deciduous magnolia; infested 14 properties so far at Sonoma, Sonoma County.
Following week's surveys show adults heavy. Known infestation extended a mile
north and west of the Sonoma infestation to Boyes Hot Springs, Sonoma County.
This infestation is on yellowpoplars and appears to have been active for

several years. Delimiting survey will continue. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

- 756 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

Corn - CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea)larvae light, infested 20 percent of mature
ears, in 3 acres of field corn at Kaaawa, Oahu. Nymphs and adults of CORN
PLANTHOPPER (Peregrinus maidis) moderate to heavy in 3 acres of corn at Kaawa.
Nymphs and adults of Cyrtorhinus lividipennis (a predacious mirid bug) trace
amid P. maidis. (Kawamura).

General Vegetables - BEAN FLY (Melanagromyza phaseoli) negligible in most
commercial snap pean plantings throughout Oahu. (Ma tayoshi, Kawamura) .
CHINESE ROSE BEETLE (Adoretus Sinicus) damage light to moderate in 0.5 acre
planting of ginger (Zingiber officinale) at Kahaluu, Oahu. BEET ARMYWORM
(Spodoptera exigua) larvae generally trace to light in 5,000 square feet of
soybeans at Waimanalo, Oahu; heavy on some leaves. (Sugawa). Larvae of
TOMATO PINWORM (Keiferia lycopersicella) and POTATO TUBERWORM (Phthorimaea
operculella) infested about 40 percent of leaves in 5,000 square feet of
eggplant at Pearl City, Oahu. Infestation severe 60 days previously with much
production loss. Larvae heavy and damaged 0.75 acre of tomato at Omaopio,
Maui. (Hori, Kawamura).

Forest and Shade Trees - Larvae of a NOCTUID MOTH (Melipotis indomita) several
hundred per tree at base of 10 kiawe (Prosopis pallida) trees at Punahou,
Honolulu, Oahu. Light trap collections for October show decline. (Rose).

CUBAN LAUREL THRIPS (Gynaikothrips ficorum) nymphs and adults lightly infested
5 percent of young terminal leaves on 30+ trees of Chinese banyan (Ficus
retusa) trees at Punchbowl, Oahu; nymphs and adults of Montandoniola moraguesi
(an anthocorid bug) light also. Ratio of thrips to predator, 5:1. (Kawamura) .

Fruits and Nuts - Four adults of a LEAFHOPPER (Protalebrella brasiliensis)
taken in planting of wedelia at Kona, Hawaii; 23 taken from same host at
Lihue, Kauai, in April 1971. These are new island records. (Kawamura) .

Man and Animals - Trapped 94 VEXANS MOSQUITO (Aedes vexans nocturnus) and

894 SOUTHERN HOUSE MOSQUITO (Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus) in 55 light traps
on Oahu during October. Aedes per trap ranged 0-20 at Kahaluu. Culex per trap
ranged 0-894 at Waipahu. (Mosq. Cont. Br., Dept. of Health). One adult of a
MUSCID FLY (Musca sorbens) taken at large at Hanapepe, Kauai, during August for
a new island record. (Howarth).

Beneficial Insects - LANTANA LEAF BEETLE (Octotoma scabripennis) heavy in
wasteland lantana at Kona; as many aS 5 mines in as much as 70-80 percent of
leaves. (Matayoshi), Light emergence of a EULOPHID WASP (Aneristus ceroplastae)
and an ENCYRTID WASP (Aphycus mexicanus) from passionfruit vines heavily
infested with Ceroplastes cirripediformis (barnacle scale) collected at
Kahului, Maui, in early October. (Kawamura). An ICHNEUMON WASP (Diadegma
insularis) parasitized larvae and pupae of DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella
xylostella) on Hawaii. D. insularis introduced from Kenya in 1953 to control

P. xylostella. (Matayoshi). The BRACONIDS (Opius phaseoli and O. importatus)
and a PTEROMALID WASP (Halticoptera patellana) completely parasitized
Melanagromyza phaseoli (bean fly) in cowpeas and snap beans collected from six
field locales on Kauai. On Maui, infested yardlongbean material collected at
w--kapu 100 percent parasitized. (Sugawa, Miyahira). A TACHINA FLY

(Eucelatoria armigera) and an ICHNEUMON WASP (Casinaria infesta), 23 percent
each, parasitized Herpetogramma licarsisalis (grass webworm) larvae collected
from lightly infested pangola grass pasture at Hanalei, Kauai, in late September.

Miscellaneous Pests - Collected 245 dead or dying specimens of GIANT AFRICAN
SNAIL (Achatina fulica) during October at Poipu, Kauai. Negative at Wahiawa.
Poison bait applications continue. On Hawaii, no live snails detected during
October. (Sugawa, Yoskioka). Collected 36+ adults of a CADDISFLY (Cheumatopsyche
analis) in light trap at Hilo, Hawaii, for a new island record, C. analis
previously reported only from Oahu and Molokai Islands. (Shiroma) .

= Cote =

DETECTION

New State Records - A BROWN LACEWING (Kimminsia schwarzi) PENNSYLVANIA - Indiana
County (p. 754). JUNIPER SCALE (Carulaspis juniperi) WISCONSIN - Dane County

(p. 753). A NOTODONTID MOTH (Datana contracta) ALABAMA - Lee County (p. 754).

AN OECOPHORID MOTH (Psilocorsis faginella) ALABAMA - Houston County (p. 753).
PYRALID MOTHS (Tetralopha spp.) ALABAMA - T. asperatella in Houston County,

T. militella in Lee County (p. 753).A TORTRICID MOTH (Acleris minuta) ALABAMA -
Cullman County (p. 752).

New County and Island Records - BANDEDWING WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes abutilonea)
ALABAMA — Autauga, Elmore, Macon, Montgomery (p. 751). A CADDISFLY (Cheumatopsyche
analis) HAWAII - Hawaii (p. 756). GERMAN COCKROACH (Blattella germanica) Sar
OREGON - Marion (p. 754). HOLLYHOCK WEEVIL (Apion longirostre) VIRGINIA -
Shenandoah (p. 753). IMPORTED FIRE ANT (Solenopsis SaevisSSima richteri)

GEORGIA - Carroll; TEXAS - Washington (p. 755). A LACE BUG (Stephanitis takeyai)
PENNSYLVANIA - Armstrong, Beaver, Schuylkill (p. 753). A LEAFHOPPER (Protale-
brella brasiliensis) HAWAII - Hawaii, Kauai (p. 756). A MUSCID FLY (Musca
sorbens) HAWAII - Kauai (p. 756). SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BARK BEETLE (Scolytus
multistriatus) OREGON - Hood River, Jackson, Josephine (p. 754). SOUTHERN

CHINCH BUG (Blissus insularis) CALIFORNIA - Riverside (p. 750). SOUTHWESTERN
CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) TENNESSEE - Cannon, Coffee, De Kalb, Franklin,
Grundy, Macon, Marion, Smith, Sumner, Trousdale, Van Buren, Warren, Wilson

(p. 749). SWEETPOTATO HORNWORM (Agrius cingulatus) MARYLAND - Prince Georges

(p. 752). A WEEVIL (Sciaphilus asperatus) WISCONSIN - Price (p. 754). WESTERN
CORN ROOTWORM (Diabrotica virgifera) ILLINOIS - Christian, De Witt, Macon,
Menard, Morgan, Sangamon, Shelby (p. 749).

CORRECTIONS

CEIR 21(36) :632 - Delete COTTON LEAFWORM (Alabama argillacea) note. Larvae
misidentified. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

Hh

/

TRAP COLLECTIONS

LIGHT

/Vreeip-

FLORIDA

Gainesville 10/22-28

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COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT
ESTIMATED LOSSES AND PRODUCTION COST ATTRIBUTED TO
INSECTS AND RELATED ARTHROPODS - 1970
Introduction

Prior to 1966, insect loss estimates were published in the Cooperative Economic
Insect Report as individual reports. An attempt has been made for the sixth year
to condense loss estimates from various States into a single report. This gives a
more meaningful and better overall picture of the crop losses. The data have been
compiled from the crop loss estimates submitted from 15 States. The entomologists
submitting the 1970 estimates are listed below.

H.F. McQueen Alabama

W.P. Boyer Arkansas
W.B. Tappan Florida

K.F,. Kawamura Hawaii

K.O. Bell Kansas

J.L. Hellman Maryland
R.G. Flaskerd Minnesota
D.L. Keith Nebraska
W.J. Brandvik North Dakota
D.C. Arnold Oklahoma
P.A. Jones South Dakota
C.D. Gordon Tennessee
LR. Green Texas

W.A. Allen Virginia

AVE Parsinailel: Wyoming

Legend for pest abbreviations appears at end of loss tables.

Separates of this report are available from the Economic Insect Survey and
Detection Staff.

U.S. Dept. Agr.
Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt.
21 (45-48) :759-772, 1971

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A New Trap for Capturing Boll Weevils
J. E. Leggett and W. H. Cross 1/

Recently, a Summary of the most efficient trap designs for capturing boll weevils
(Anthonomus grandis Boheman) was published in USDA Coop. Econ. Ins. Rpt. 21(21):
367-368, 1971. Since then a new nonsticky trap, called the Leggett trap after
its principal designer, has generally captured more boll weevils than any other
trap design tested. The design of the new trap (Fig. 1) was based on a trap
designed and previously tested by the senior author at Tallulah, Louisiana,
following the suggestion by C. F. Rainwater (Entomology Research Division,
Beltsville, Maryland) that a nonsticky trap was badly needed to replace the
standard sticky wing trap. Similar trap designs had, also, been suggested ear-
lier by E. B. Mitchell of this laboratory and by D. G. Bottrell (Tex. Agr. Expt.
Sta., Lubbock).

The trap is constructed from a floral liner (papier-mache material) 11.5 in.

high originally suggested by D. Whittam (Plant Protection, Hyattsville, Maryland)
for constructing a sticky trap. In the nonsticky version the inverted floral
liner is painted first_with a white undercoat, then with daylight fluorescent
Saturn Yellow (Day -Glo® 2/ Color Corporation), and finally with a clear acrylic
lacquer for waterproofing and to prevent fading of the Saturn Yellow.

The floral liner is capped with a screen cone held just off the liner with glass
beads or other spacers with a small hole in the apex of the cone which opens
into a 2-in.3 plastic box (or Similar device) (Fig. 2). A grandlure wick
(Hardee, et al. J. Econ. Ent., in press, 1971) is pinned to the top of the
floral liner inside the screened cone.

The complete trap is mounted on a stake 3 to 4 ft. above the ground by inserting
a nail through the top of the liner into a predrilled hole in the stake.

Boll weevils attracted by the grandlure land on the Saturn Yellow floral liner
and crawl up under the lip of the screen cone. In their urgency to continue
crawling upward they bypass the grandlure wick and become trapped in the box at
the top of the screen cone. Weevils may be captured and kept alive or they may
be killed with a small cube of Vapona® No-Pest strip placed in the box. In
servicing large numbers of such traps the box and cone assembly at the top can
be exchanged quickly and weevils counted in the laboratory. One trap should
last one season. An obvious advantage of this trap over sticky traps is its
high degree of selectivity for boll weevils. Often less than 1% of the total
catch consists of other insects while the sticky traps soon are covered with all
kinds of insects, necessitating periodic cleaning of the trap so that boll
weevils may be captured and noted.

See illustrations on next page.

1/ Entomology Research Division, ARS, U.S. Dept. Agr. Assistance of F. J.

Benei in preparation of the figures is acknowledged.

2/ Trade names used in this article are solely for the purpose of providing
specific information. This does not constitute a guarantee or warranty

of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over other products
not mentioned.

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0004 SMINLISMIA122 03001 0001
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBR-
ARIES SMITHSONIAN INST ,
WASHINGTON DC 20560

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RTMENT..OF AGRICULTURE

La a ——<,
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WZ

ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE PROGRAMS

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION STAFF

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Service
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs, APHS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

Volume 21 December 31, 1971 Numbers 49 - 53

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT

HIGHLIGHTS

Current Conditions

GREENBUG damaged small grain in Texas and Kansas. SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID heavy
on some alfalfa in Arizona. (p. 777).

SCAB MITE outbreak involving several thousand head of cattle in Nebraska,
Oklahoma, Texas, and New Mexico, (p. 779).

PINK BOLLWORM larval counts heavy in limited area of New Mexico. (p. 781).

Detection

New State records include APHIDS from Maryland and Virginia, (pp. 777, LUE)

a MOSQUITO from Pennsylvania, an OLETHREUTID MOTH, PALM LEAF SKELETONIZER, a
PIERID MOTH, and a SNAIL from Alabama (pp. 778, 779), and SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE
from South Carolina (p. 781).

For new county and island records see page 781,

Special Reports

Cereal Leaf Beetle Quarantines, Map. Centerfold,

Distribution of Pepper Maggot. Map. (p. 784).

Reports in this issue are for weeks ending November 26 through December 17
unless otherwise indicated,

- 775 -

- 776 -

CONTENTS

Special Insects of Regional Significance............ sfotedeucneyatchenenele BOO he coos Romie
Insects Affecting

Corn, Sorghum, Sugarcane......... Aa tlic Other Trop. & Subtrop. Fruits.....779

Smale |GrainsSiy peeves elec neloteser ate SO0DeC Site OrnamenitailiSia. yereteneuek-ucy=a) Pal eve tells Aoaio o's tis)

Tuct> Pastures, Rangellanagl). oy. ve. 61 778 Foresit. and Shade Trees...0....ece Bitte)

Koragey HE QumeSarereetoreteroheraieustonen ctorcnevohels 778 Man and! Andimailisy0.) =< 2vere ost al eteleneetelemene 779

Coes Eropsiericreraecicleoncielelerenedeeieneiel oletele 778 Households and Structures......... 780

(GAG US eye erey Metotelicuel oeuel aaehenanetomcher ool chelei(e ara ith) Sitomeds Produces eistetels arenstelenelakelene Fetes)
Benehiclale WnSeetsrsieicmicilelcneteisis cl sieletensteieiolteieretelcrel sions Suoisiancises fierganister one dishe ene) quoneteneeRthone
Federal and State Plant Protection Programsiecreictsts AAO CG elibhe Taito) onlellerte None selenenonemenene esa
IDEAS Qua blbOcdOoL lo COO DOUOUT J auaife. Saves te hete uote day suetebe eet OAT REO RCRA ROTO Oro OO tae eo
Hawaiae Insect Reporitiy.. cies cies a1 EPIRA BICROLOTO ier CTE COE NCEE ORCL CCRC + eiese seein eos
Daphit Lrape Colle civonSm erm ceciececeeekens as Seieusler site Sootoicmor iis: 0: Saute S dccheatee ene ripen (hers)
Distribution of Pepper Mageotn Malate rece etelelelchenoiodels) sis) clorejiele! oleic ledeieieelelelelele Bipom oo o Se!

Cereal) Leaf Beetle Quarantines. Map. Centerfold.

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE'S 30-DAY OUTLOOK
MID-DECEMBER 1971 TO MID-JANUARY 1972

The National Weather Service's 30-day outlook for mid-December to mid-January
is for temperatures to average below seasonal normals over the western half of
the Nation. Above normal temperatures are indicated for the eastern half ex-
cept for near to below normal in New England and the Upper Mississippi Valley.
Precipitation is expected to exceed normal across the Nation except for near
ndrmal over the northwest quadrant and near to subnormal amounts in the South
and along the eastern seaboard,

Weather forecast given here is based on the official 30-day "Resume and Outlook"
published twice a month by the National Weather Service. You can subscribe
through the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20250. Price $5.00

a year.

SU

SPECIAL INSECTS OF REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE

GREENBUG (Schizaphis graminum) - NEW MEXICO - Light, ranged 1-2 per linear yard
of barley at Roswell, Chaves County. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.). Light on barley at
Carlsbad, Eddy County. Light and spotty on wheat near Clovis, Curry County.
(Mathews). TEXAS - Moderate in Hardeman County field. Several growers applied
controls. Some spraying in Dickens and Motley Counties. Light infestations in
Archer, Jones, Foard, and Wilbarger Counties. Infestations primarily from oat-
fields. (Boring). Light to heavy on small grain in Motley County near Matador,
in late November. Some controls applied. Infestations appeared to be widespread.
(Pallmeyer). Infestations increased in Rolling Plains areas, ranged light to
heavy. Some chemical control applied. Greenbugs reported killing 15 acres of
wheat in a portion of Throckmorton County late this period. (Boring). OKLAHOMA -
Counts of 20 and 3 per linear foot of wheat in 2 fields in Payne County.
Infestations that ranged up to 150 per linear foot in Woodward County wheat
December 3 declined due to cold weather. Populations remained unchanged in Payne
County; ranged 5-30 per linear foot. Light in small grain in Garfield County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.). KANSAS - Damaging infestation in small area of Lincoln
County, ranged 1,000 to 1,200 per row foot of wheat. About 25 percent stand loss
occurred in one field. Some survey in Riley, Clay, Dickinson, and Wabaunsee
Counties and ranged 10-50 per row foot with no apparent damage. (Gates et al.).
Infestations noted on wheat in Washington and Jewell Counties. Economics

unknown as of December 10. Expect limited problems as long as cold weather
continues. (Bell). MISSISSIPPI - Light on wheat in Oktibbeha County. (Robinson).

SPOTTED ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) - ARIZONA - Counts of 870 per 100
sweeps of alfalfa in Yuma County, November 16. Ranged 110-800 per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa at Yuma; one field with 4,800 per 100 sweeps with leaves turning purple.
Ranged 25-350 at Parker, second week of period. Counts of 360 per 100 sweeps of
alfalfa in Yuma County, third week of period. Counts of 540 per 100 sweeps in

2 Yuma County alfalfa fields; and 277 in Maricopa County field late in this
period. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). ARKANSAS - Still light, ranged 25-50 in 100 sweeps
in northwest areas. (Boyer). MINNESOTA - Specimen found on alfalfa in Dakota
County. Determined by E. Cook and A.G. Peterson, in August. This is a new county
record. (Minn. Pest Rpt.). :

CORN, SORGHUM, SUGARCANE

EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis) - NEBRASKA - Heavy larval populations
and low levels of disease, in combination with favorable overwintering conditions,
could lead to another outbreak of first-brood borers in 1972 in the south and
central districts. (Hill et al.).

SOUTHWESTERN CORN BORER (Diatraea grandiosella) - NEW MEXICO - Infested 80
percent of stalks checked at Clovis, Curry County. (Mathews).

A WEEVIL (Anacentrinus deplanatus) - MISSISSIPPI - Adults, larvae, and pupae
collected from roots of grain sorghum in Quitman County on July 28 and October
28. Determined by R.E. Warner and D.M. Anderson. This is a new county record,
also new host record. Infestation involved 300 acres and plants appeared to need
moisture. Damage moderate. (Robinson).

SMALL GRAINS

AN APHID (Rhopalosiphum padi) - VIRGINIA - Collected on wheat in Botetourt
County on May 7, 1970 by W.A. Allen. Determined by L.M. Russell. This is a new
State record. (Allen). OKLAHOMA - First of season, less than 1 per linear foot
in wheat in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

WINTER GRAIN MITE (Penthaleus major) - OKLAHOMA - Averaged 20 per linear foot of
wheat in Payne County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

= oy —

TURF, PASTURES, RANGELAND

CHINCH BUG (Blissus leucopterus leucopterus) - ILLINOIS - Surveys indicate
populations about 3 times heavier than 1970; still below economic levels. (I1l.
Ins. Rpt.).

A PLANTHOPPER (Delphacodes propinqua) - LOUISIANA - Heavy, adults 5,000 per 100
sweeps, on common and coastal Bermuda grass in central and northern areas.
(Newsom).

FIRE ANT (Solenopsis geminata) - TEXAS - Numerous infestations in Brazos,
Robertson, Wilson, and Bee Counties. (Cole).

A SNAIL (Rumina vecollata) - ALABAMA - Abundant in local area at Montgomery,
Montgomery County, October 25, 1971. Collected by C. Elliott and T. Wilbourn.
Determined by J.A. Pendergrass. This is a new State record. Occurs in Texas and
Mexico. (McQueen).

FORAGE LEGUMES

ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera postica) - OKLAHOMA - Populations decreased in alfalfa in
Stephens County; larvae and adults still light. (Okla. Coop. Sur.), KENTUCKY -
Eggs averaged 154.4 per square foot in Fayette County field. (Barnett).

EGYPTIAN ALFALFA WEEVIL (Hypera brunneipennis) - ARIZONA - Ranged 0-20 per 100
sweeps of alfalfa at Yuma, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

A GEOMETRID MOTH (Semiothisa punctolineata) - ARKANSAS - Larvae collected from
alfalfa in October from Washington County reared to adults. Determined by E.P.
Rouse. First collections in State from alfalfa. (Boyer).

THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER (Spissistilus festinus) - ARIZONA - Ranged 30-300
at Yuma and 50-500 per 100 sweeps of alfalfa at Parker, Yuma County. (Ariz. Coop.
Sur.) .

LYGUS BUGS (Lygus spp.) - NEW MEXICO - Nymphs and adults ranged 15-25 per 25
sweeps in Lea County alfalfa. (Mathews).

COLE CROPS

DIAMONDBACK MOTH (Plutella xylostella) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Larval damage heavy on
20 acres of cabbage on James ISland, Charleston County. (Creighton).

CITRUS

COFFEE BEAN WEEVIL (Araecerus fasciculatus) - FLORIDA - Larvae and adults
collected in fruits of sweet orange in groves at Leesburg, Lake County, November
22 (Levan et al.). This pest secondary invader of citrus fruits. Special survey
underway. (Fla. Coop. Sur.).

COTTONYCUSHION SCALE (Icerya purchasi) - CALIFORNIA - Nymphs 6 per leaf on citrus
nursery stock at Hanford, Kings County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

CITRUS RED MITE (Panonychus citri) - ARIZONA - Counts of 5 per leaf on November
12 declined to 3.4 on November 235 in lemon grove on Yuma Mesa, Yuma County. Most
groves surveyed with fewer counts. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.).

i (CS) i

OTHER TROP. & SUBTROP. FRUITS

GREENHOUSE WHITEFLY (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) - CALIFORNIA - Nymphs 20 per leaf
on avocado nursery stock in Ventura, Ventura County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

AN ARMORED SCALE (Hemiberlesia lataniae) - CALIFORNIA - Adults infested avocado
nursery stock in Ventura, Ventura County. Can be serious on avocado. (Cal. Coop.
Rite)

LONGTAILED MEALYBUG (Pseudococcus longispinus) - CALIFORNIA - Adults infested
avocado nursery stock in a nursery in Saticoy, Ventura County. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

ORNAMENTALS

A PIERID MOTH (Phoebis sennae) - ALABAMA - Larvae collected at Faunsdale, Marengo
County, October 11, I971, by C. Miller from Cassia alta. Determined by D.M.
Weisman. This is a new State record. (McQueen).

PALM LEAF SKELETONIZER (Homaledra sabalella) - ALABAMA - Larvae ranged 2-10 per
leaf skeletonizing palms on Dauphin Island in Mobile County April 16, 1971.
Collected by W.T. Seibels. Determined by D.M. Weisman. This is a new State
record. (McQueen).

CHINESE ROSE BEETLE (Adoretus sSinicus) - OREGON - Single live adult intercepted
at Salem, Marion County; in Suitcase. Apparently trapped in luggage in Hawaii.
Identified by R.L. Westcott. (Larson).

FOREST AND SHADE TREES

AN APHID (Cinara pinivora) - MARYLAND - Specimens collected from Pinus taeda at
Beltsville, Prince Georges County, by D. Raine on June 6, 1971. Determined by
A.N. Tissat. This is a new State record. (U. Md., Ent. Dept.).

SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (Dendroctonus frontalis) - MISSISSIPPI - Indications of a
buildup indicated in pine forests in southern areas. Populations increasing in
size and number. (Echols).

SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BARK BEETLE (Scolytus multistriatus) - GEORGIA - Symptoms
of Dutch elm disease noted June 10 in Clarke County, confirmed. Apparently
widespread throughout county. (Franklin).

AN OLETHREUTID MOTH (Rhyacionia bushnelli) - CALIFORNIA - Pupae occurring in
tips of Monterey pine (Pinus radiata) in nursery stock in Wasco, Kern County.
This is a new county record. Pupae 40 and one larva taken from branch terminals
from 2 Monterey pine at El Cajon, San Diego County. Damage severe and terminals
brown. Unspecified hymenopterous parasites taken from pupal cases. (Cal. Coop.
Rpt.).

AN OLETHREUTID MOTH (Paralobesia liriodendrana) - ALABAMA - Larvae taken from
tulip poplar trees at Shorter, Macon County, October 18, 1971 by H.F. McQueen.
Determined by D.M. Weisman. This is a new State record. (McQueen).

MAN AND ANIMALS

SCAB MITE (Psoroptes equi) - NEBRASKA - Estimated 10,000 head of cattle in 19
counties under treatment as of December 3. Infestation originated from 260 steers
shipped from out of State and mixed with native cattle. (Nordstrom et al.).
OKLAHOMA - Total of 16,650 head of cattle involved from 2 Cimmarron Counties on l
Greer County premiss in November. TEXAS - During same period total of 8 premises
involved and 40,800 cattle in Dallam, Moore, Donley, Motley, Deaf Smith,
Childress, and Collingsworth Counties. NEW MEXICO - In Chavez County, total of
10,000 head of cattle involved during same period, (Anim. Health).

— oO

CATTLE LICE (Haematopinus spp.) - OKLAHOMA - First infestations of season of
mainly Haematopinus eurysternus (shortnosed cattle louse} reported from Mayes
County. Few head of cattle in few herds infested. Populations scattered and
moderate in Payne and Noble Counties and scattered and light in Woodward County.
Usually only few cows in herd infested. Light to moderate on cattle in Pontotoc
County and moderate in Garfield County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.). TEXAS - H.
eurysternus light to moderate on cattle from Wilbarger County. (Boring).

COMMON CATTLE GRUB (Hypoderma lineatum) - OKLAHOMA - Ranged 0-10 per head in
backs of cattle in Noble and Payne Counties. Remains light in Choctaw County.
Last of period ranged 0-15 (average 8 per head) in cattle in Payne and Noble
Counties. Light to moderate in Pontotoc County and light in Choctaw County.
(Okla. Coop. Sur.).

SCREWWORM (Cochliomyia hominivorax) - Total of 16 cases reported in U.S.
November 21 to December 11 as follows: TEXAS - 16. Total of 770 laboratory-
confirmed cases reported in portion of Barrier Zone in Republic of Mexico as
follows: Sonora 69, Chihuahua 292, Coahuila 132, Nuevo Leon 68, Tamaulipas 219.
Total of 86 cases reported in Mexico south of Barrier Zone. Barrier Zone is area
where eradication operation underway to prevent establishment of self-sustaining
population in U.S. Sterile screwworm flies released: Texas 51,600,000; Mexico
188,360,000. (Anim. Health).

A MOSQUITO (Aedes riparius) - PENNSYLVANIA - Larva collected at Indian Gap
Military Reservation, on September 1, 1971 by preventive medicine personnel.
Determination by A. Stone. This is a new State record. (Tompkins).

BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa) - ALABAMA - Specimen collected in
Mobile County in 1970 and reported March 23, 1971. Collected by W.T. Seibels
and B. Brackin. Determined by W.T. Seibels. This is a new county record.
(McQueen).

A FRESH-WATER SNAIL (Melanoides sp.) - FLORIDA - Specimens recovered from aquatic
plants at Deerfield Beech, Broward County, June 16, 1971, by J.A. Reinert. This
snail occurs in Southeast Asia where it is an alternate host for Opisthorchis
Sinensis (a trematode) which causes opisthorchiasis in humans. This disease 1s
widespread in China, Japan, Vietnam, and parts of India. Human infections acquired
through eating raw fish. Severe cases fatal. (Esser).

KEYS STRIPED SCORPION (Centruroides keysi) - FLORIDA - Five adults and 2 immatures
collected under rocks in pine and Cypress swamp at Ochopee, Collier County,
November 12, 1971 by H.V. Weems, Jr. and W.A. Tomick. This is first mainland
record. (Weems).

HOUSEHOLDS AND STRUCTURES

A DERMESTID (Anthrenus museorum) - IOWA - Collected in Indianola, Warren County,
November 16. Determined by R. Miller. This is a new county record. (Iowa Ins.
Sur.).

PACIFIC DAMPWOOD TERMITE (Zootermopsis angusticollis) - MICHIGAN - Numerous live
specimens intercepted at Detroit, Wayne County, in peat moss packed around lily
bulbs. Controls planned. (Sauer).

STORED PRODUCTS

FLAT GRAIN BEETLE (Cryptolestes pusillus)- NORTH DAKOTA - Adults and larvae of
this species and Tribolium confusum (confused flour beetle), T. castaneum (red
flour beetle) infested top 3 feet of 45,000 bushels of stored wheat in Grand
Forks County at rate of 164 specimens per 1 pint sample. Fifty percent C. pusillus
48 percent T. confusum, and 2 percent T. castaneum. The top 2-3 feet of wheat wet

and heating. (Brandvik).

Used Harvesting Machinery

Fodder and Plant Litter Year-round

Soybeans (1), (3) September 1-March 15

Scotch, red, and Austrian Pine ™m—+-+

CEREAL LEAF BEETLE QUARANTINES

AND CANADA DEPARTMENT OF al Neat
COOPERATING WITH AFFECTED

AS
\

oO =

a I. CERTIFICATE OR PERMIT REQUIRED FOR
HD STATE, FEDERAL, AND CANADIAN REGULATIONS. MOVEMENT FROM RED TO WHITE EXCEPT

DURING CERTAIN PERIODS (SEE REVERSE).

GGGND NECESSARY REGULATORY SERVICES PROVIDED 2, PERMIT REQUIRED: FOR MOVEMENT FROM RED

TO YELLOW EXCEPT FOR CERTAIN ARTICLES
OR DURING CERTAIN PERIODS (SEE REVERSE).

oro e25-397

SEE REVERSE SIDE FOR LIST OF REGULATED ARTICLES

REVISED NOVEMBER 19, 1971

CEREAL LEAF BEETLE QUARANTINES

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION
AND CANADA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
COOPERATING WITH AFFECTED STATES

ta, | oem

IN THE UNITED STATES, CONSULT YOUR STATE OR
FEDERAL PLANT PROTECTION INSPECTOR OR YOUR
COUNTY AGENT AND, IN CANADA, YOUR NEAREST
PLANT PROTECTION DIVISION OFFICE FOR
ASSISTANCE REGARDING AREAS UNDER REGULATION
AND REQUIREMENTS FOR MOVING REGULATED
ARTICLES.

RESTRICTIONS ARE IMPOSED ON MOVEMENT

COUNTIES ENTIRELY COLORED RED ARE COMPLETELY REGULATED. OF REGULATED ARTICLES FROM RED INTO OR
COUNTIES PARTIALLY COLORED RED ARE PARTIALLY REGULATED. THROUGH WHITE OR YELLOW:

|. CERTIFICATE OR PERMIT REQUIRED FOR
Hl STATE, FEDERAL, AND CANADIAN REGULATIONS. MOVEMENT FROM RED TO WHITE EXCEPT

DURING CERTAIN PERIODS (SEE REVERSE).

GGG NECESSARY REGULATORY SERVICES PROVIDED 2.PERMIT REQUIRED FOR MOVEMENT FROM RED

TO YELLOW EXCEPT FOR CERTAIN ARTICLES
OR DURING CERTAIN PERIODS (SEE REVERSE).

SEE REVERSE SIDE FOR LIST OF REGULATED ARTICLES

REVISED MOVEMBER 19, 1971

REGULATED ARTICLES AND THEIR CERTIFICATION PERIODS ARE AS FOLLOWS:

Crop or Article Certification Period

Small Grains such as June 1-November 30
Barley, Oats, and Wheat (1)

Corn (Shelled corn is NOT regulated)
Fresh Market (sweet corn) Year-round

Ear Corn, other than sweet corn August 1—March 31
Grass and Forage Seed (1)
Hay (except marsh hay) (2) May 1-January 15

Straw and Marsh Hay June 1-February 28

I o(teldh)

REDLEGGED HAM BEETLE (Necrobia rufipes) - TENNESSEE - Infested smoke room of
meat-packing house in Putman County. Controls applied. (Bruer). VIRGINIA - Medium
infestation in hams in Loudoun County on December 2. Collected by W.J. Brown.
(Allen).

BENEFICIAL INSECTS

A PYRALID MOTH (Parargyractis fulicalis) - VIRGINIA - Adults collected by D.L.
Barnes on trunk of Elms in Scott County on September 3. Determined by D.C.
Ferguson. Larvae feed on aquatic vegetation in streams and lakes. (Allen).

FEDERAL AND STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS

PINK BOLLWORM (Pectinophora gossypiella) - ARIZONA - Larval counts of lint
cleaners in Yuma County cotton gins per bale; Parker Valley 76, Union 28,
Scmerton 70, Yuma 97, Blaisdel 2, Roll 92, Blaisdel 2, Yuma 8, and Somerton 30.
Larval counts per bale at lint cleaners in Cochise County cotton gins November
30 to December 8: Bowie 3, Elfrida 3, Kansas Settlement 3, San Simon 5, and
Stewart Area 3. (Ariz. Coop. Sur.). NEW MEXICO - Counts in cotton bolls ranged
64-100 percent in several fields in southern Eddy County. (Mathews). Spotty in
top bolls in southern Dona Ana County. All larvae found alive. (N.M. Coop. Rpt.).
OKLAHOMA - Surveys during November show general increase in central counties.
Populations declined in extreme eastern, southeastern, and western counties.
Green bolls ranged 25-50 percent infested in Bryan, Garvin, Cleveland, McClain,
Payne, and Pawnee Counties. Lint cleaner inspections in these counties positive.
Light infestations on lint cleaners in Beckham, Custer, Dewey, Haskell,

Wagoner, and McCurtain Counties. Green bolls from 6 fields in McCurtain and
Choctaw Counties negative. One larva found in 100 green bolls from a green-boll
trap at gin in McCurtain County. (Okla. Coop. Sur.).

SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Cysts recovered from
farm at Loris, Horry County, November 9, 1971 by J.L. McKee. Determined by V.H.
Owens, confirmed by A.M. Golden, This is a new State record, (PP). MISSISSIPPI -
Cysts recovered in Itawamba County on September 9 by G.B. Worley. This is a new
county record. Determinations by V.H. Owens, confirmed by A.M. Golden. (PP).

TULIPTREE SCALE (Toumeyella liriodendri) - CALIFORNIA - Surveys showed 2
new infested properties in Sonoma County this period. (Cal. Coop. Rpt.).

WEST INDIAN SUGARCANE ROOT BORER (Diaprepes abbreviatus) - FLORIDA - Found
feeding on hairy indigo at Plymouth, Lake County, in association with citrus.
This is a new host. (PP).

DETECTION

New State Records - AN APHID (Cinara pinivora) - MARYLAND - Prince Georges County.
(p. 779). AN APHID (Rhopalosiphum padi i) - VIRGINIA - Botetourt County. (p. 777).

A MOSQUITO (Aedes riparius) — PENNSYLVANIA - Indian Gap Military Reservation.

(p. 780). AN ~OLETHREUTID Ti MOTH (Paralobesia liriodendrana) - ALABAMA —- Macon
County. (p. 779). PALM LEAF SKELETONIZER Gomawean sabalella) - ALABAMA - Mobile
County. (p. 779). A PIERID MOTH (Phoebis sennae) ALABAMA - Marengo County

(p. 779). A SNAIL (Rumina vecollata) ALABAMA — MONEE Oey, County. (p. 778).
SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (Heteroda EOS) - SOUTH CAROLINA - Horry County.

5 “bye

New County and Island Records - BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER (Loxosceles reclusa)
ALABAMA — Mobile (p. 780). A CADDIS FLY (Cheumatopsyche analis) HAWAII — Kauai
(p. 782). A DERMESTID (Anthrenus museorum) IOWA — Warren (p. 780).

AN OLETHREUTID MOTH (Rhyacionia bushnelli) CALIFORNIA - Kern (p. 779). SOYBEAN
CYST NEMATODE (Heterodera glycines) MISSISSIPPI - Itawamba (p. 781). SPOTTED
ALFALFA APHID (Therioaphis maculata) MINNESOTA - Dakota (p. 777). A WEEVIL
(Anacentrinus deplanatus) MISSISSIPPI - Quitman (p. 777).

REGULATED ARTICLES AND THEIR CERTIFICATION PERIODS ARE AS FOLLOWS:

Crop or Article Certification Period

June 1-November 30

Small Grains such as
Barley, Oats, and Wheat (1)

Corn (Shelled corn is NOT regulated)

Fresh Market (sweet corn) Year-round

Ear Corn, other than sweet corn August 1-March 31

Grass and Forage Seed (1)

Hay (except marsh hay) (2)

Straw and Marsh Hay June 1-February 28

Used Harvesting Machinery Year-round

Fodder and Plant Litter

Soybeans (1), (3) September 1-March 15

Scotch, red, and Austrian Pine Christmas Trees (4) Year-round

(1) Small grains (except oats and barley), grass and forage seed, and
soybeans cleaned to meet State or Canadian seed sales requirements
are exempt from certification and permit requirements.

(2) Pelletized hay is exempt from certification and permit requirements.

(3) Soybeans if transported in covered vehicles and moved to designated
plants are exempt from certification and permit requirements.

(4) Scotch, red, and Austrian pine Christmas trees are exempt from
certification and permit requirements if moved to yellow areas,

Cc pa ttt tt

|
|
.

- 782 -

HAWAII INSECT REPORT

New State Record - Nymphs and adults of DAYLILY THRIPS (Frankliniella
hemerocallis) collected from Hemerocallis spp. at Honolulu, Oahu, by

K, Sakimura in September 1969. Determined by K. Sakimura. Since 1948, collected
in Wisconsin, Florida, Maryland, and New York. (Sakimura).

Sorghum - Larvae of a CHRISTMAS BERRY WEBWORM (Cryptoblabes aliena) moderate on
sorghum panicles in 250 acres; SORGHUM MIDGE (Contarinia sorghicola) moderate on
immature seedheads in 150 acres in adjacent planting on Kauai and CORN LEAF APHID
(Rhopalosiphum maidis) trace in same area. (Kawamura).

Man and Animals - Trapped 884 VEXANS MOSQUITO (Aedes vexans nocturnas) and

1,432 SOUTHERN HOUSE MOSQUITO (Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus) in 55 light traps
on Oahu during November, Aedes ranged 0-408 per trap at Punaluu. Culex ranged
0-331 per trap at Waipahu. (Mosq. Cont. Br., Dept. of Health).

Forest and Shade Trees - BLACK TWIG BORER (Xylosandrus compactus) moderate in

kiawe trees (Prosopis pallida) at Kona, Hawaii; caused terminal dieback. Also
severe in kawau tree (Ilex anomala) at ’ Pupukea Paumalu Forest Reserve, Oahu. A
new host record, (Yoshioka, Gagne). A PSYLLID (Trioza sp.) moderate to heavy on
leaves of Metrosideros collina at Wahiawa Forest Reserve and at Mt. Kaala, Oahu.
At Wahiawa, about 60 percent of terminal leaves with as many as 20 galls per leaf;
average 11. Average 7 galls per leaf at Mt. Kaala. (Au et al.).

General Vegetables - Larvae of BEET ARMYWORM (Spodoptera exigua) light for second
week On young broccoli on Oahu; this species uSually associated with green onions
in Hawaii. Larvae and pupae of LEEK MOTH (Acrolepia assectella) heavy in 5,000
square feet of green onion at Makawao, Maui. (Miyahira). CORN EARWORM (Heliothis
zea) moderate (40-60 percent of young corn with 1 or more early instar larvae on
Silks or ear tip) in small planting at Waralua, Larvae trace in 5 ,000 square feet
of bell peppers at Pupukea, Oahu. Controls planned. (Kawamura).

Beneficial Insects - Percent of internodes of Tribulus terrestris and T.

cistoides found to be infested or damaged by a PUNCTUREVINE STEM WEEVIL
(Microlarinus lypriformis) at Kihei, Maui; 36 (33 internodes) and 0 (50 inter-
nodes) respectively. Puncture vine Scarce on this island, At Kaalualu, Hawaii, of
102 internodes of T. cistoides examined 64 percent affected. (Miyahira, Yoshioka) .
Larvae of BLACKBERRY SKELETONIZER (Schreckensteinia festaliella) and a TORTRICID
MOTH (Apotoforma sp.) light to moderate in 25 acres of blackberry at Waikamoi,
Maui. (Miyahira). Emergence of A BRACONID (Meteorus laphygmae) light from larvae
of Melipotis indomita (a noctuid moth) collected from kiawe (Prosopis pallida)
trees on Maui during October. (Rose).

Miscellaneous Insects - Larvae of a GEOMETRID MOTH (Semiothisa santaremaria)
heavy on Leucaena leococephala, Pithecellobium dulce and Acacia farneSiana

in 1,500 acres of pastures and wastelands at Mana, Kekaha, Waimea, Makaweli, and
Hannapepe, Kauai, Larvae of A NOCTUID MOTH (Semiothisa samtaremaria) and

KOA HAOLE LOOPER (Anacamptodes fragilaria) heavy in 500 acres of koa haole at
Waimea and Kekeha, Kauai, defoliation heavy. (Sugawa). Adults of a CADDIS FLY
(Cheumatopsyche analis) taken on Kauai for new island record, (Howarth).

General Pests - CORN EARWORM (Heliothis zea) larvae heavy, about 80 percent of
ears infested in one acre of seed corn at t Kihei, Maui. Light to moderate in 3
acres of roses at Waianae, Oahu; as much as 30 percent of mature buds infested
with early instar larvae. (Ah Sam et ale ir

LIGHT TRAP COLLECTIONS

FLORIDA

11/24-12/2
12/3-9

Gainesville 11/19-23

12/10-16

MISSISSIPPI

Stoneville

11/19-12/2| 29-67| 2.19 | 2BL

12/3-9

39-61) 3.50 | 2BL
39-73] 2.47 | 2BL

©
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Waco 11/18-26

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Coo pera tive
ECONOMIC INSECT

REPORT

issued by

PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE PROGRAMS
ANIMAL AND PLANT. HEALTH SERVICE

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT. OF AGRICULTURE

ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH SERVICE

PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE PROGRAMS

ECONOMIC INSECT SURVEY AND DETECTION STAFF

The Cooperative Economic Insect Report is issued weekly
as a service to American Agriculture. Its contents are
compiled from information supplied by cooperating State,
Federal, and industrial entomologists and other agricul-
tural workers. In releasing this material the Service
serves as a clearing house and does not assume responsi-
bility for accuracy of the material.

To facilitate mailroom handling, all reports, inquiries,
and other matters pertaining to this release,
including the mailing list, should be sent to:

The Editors, CEIR
Economic Insect Survey and Detection
Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs, APHS, USDA
Federal Center Building
Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC

Volume 2] Index

SPECIAL REPORTS

Beet leafhopper survey in Texas 291

Boll weevil: Hibernation survey -
fall 1970 61, improved traps for
capturing 367, new trap for capturing
773, spring survival - 1971 350

Cereal leaf beetle: Distribution map
115, quarantine map 780

Changes in scientific names 29, 106
Cooperative survey entomologists 333, 577

Corn earworm distribution and abundance
in the United States 71

European corn borer: Estimates of
damage to grain corn in U.S. - 1970
597, distribution map 54, status
1970 47

Grasshopper adult survey, fall 1970
(map) 18

Hawaii insect report 19, 27, 34, 46,
99, 70, 85, 100, 112, 129, 165, 193,
214, 237, 266, 299, 314, 328, 350, 365,
383, 403, 421, 439, k6o, 481, 499, 517,
536, 555, 572, 594, 608, 625, 636, 665,
Ces 687, 700, 714, 725, 734, Thu, 756,
7

Imported fire ant: Bibliography 639,
quarantine map 34

Insect detection in the U.S. - 1970 6

Insects not known to occur in the U.S.:
Iappet moth 463, a scarab 385

Light trap collections 5, 19, 26, 33,
60, 70, 85, 99, 128, 164, 192, 213, 237,
266, 298, 315, 329, 351, 366, 384, hou,
422, 4ho, 461, 482, 501, 518, 5315 556,
973, 595, 609, 626, 637, 666, 676, 689,
TOL, 715, 726, 735, 745, 758, 783

Losses; European corn borer on grain
corn - 1970 557, insects and related
arthropods - 1970 759

Maps (distribution): Alfalfa looper
316, alfalfa weevil 168, bagworm 268,
brown recluse spider 248, cereal leaf
beetle 115, European corn borer 54,

INSECT REPORT

1971

European earwig 86, European pine
sawfly 278, face fly 240, Mexican bean
beetle 690, northern corn rootworm

150, oldhouse borer 746, oriental fruit
moth 218, pea leaf weevil 352, pepper
maggot 784, plum curculio 702,
purplebacked cabbageworm 638, spruce
aphid 716, sugarcane beetle 462,
sweetclover weevil 502, tobacco flea
beetle 596, tuber flea beetle 610,
eee bruchid 736, wheat stem sawfly

3

Maps (quarantine); Cereal leaf beetle
780, gypsy moth 172, imported fire ant
34, Japanese beetle 242, pink bollworm
414, whitefringed beetles 618,
witchweed 326

Pink bollworm: Quarantine map 414,
situation in the Trans-Pecos area of
Texas 724

State survey coordinators 330, 574

Summary of insect conditions in the
U.S. - 1970. Introduction 113. Beans
and peas 198-200. Beneficial insects
252-256. Citrus 224-226. Cole crops
200-203. Contributors 288. Corn,
sorghum, sugarcane 142-153. Cotton
179-182. Cucurbits 203-204.

Deciduous fruits and nuts 215-22).
Federal and State plant protection
programs 113-122. Forage legumes 166-
176. Forest and shade trees 271-287.
General vegetables 204-206. Hawaii
101-105. Households and structures
249-251. Man and animals 239-249.
Miscellaneous field crops 18h.
Ornamentals 267-271. Other tropical
and subtropical fruits 226. Peanuts
178-179. Potatoes, tomatoes, peppers
194-198. Small fruit 226-208. Small
grains 153-155. Soybeans 176-178.
Special insects of regional
significance 130-142. Stored products
251-252. Sugar beets 183-184. Tobacco
182. Turf, pastures, rangeland 156-
158.

Survey methods: Improved traps for
capturing boll weevils 367, new trap for
capturing boll weevils 773, selected
references for first half of 1970, part
OMITI 35-40; last half of 1969, part
XXXIV 87-94

Scientific names should be used to locate all page references, except for those insects or groups of insects where
scientific names were not reported. In such instances, page references will be found under common names. A com-

bination of common and scientific names of an insect or pest may not a
@ numbers represent references t:
United States - 1970." Tight trap collections for a particular species

other will be present. Underlined

that species under this heading,

ppear on the page referred, but one or the
© "Summary of Insect Conditions in the
are listed at the end of pagination for

Abagrotis alternata (a noctuid moth)
311

Acalitus essigi (redberry mite)
227

Acalymma vittatum (striped cucumber
beetle) 203, 431, 451, 473, 528

Acanthomyops interjectus (larger yellow
ant) lil

Acanthoscelides aureolus (a seed beetle)

Aceratagallia sanguinolenta (clover
leafhopper) 154, 233, 261

Aceria vaccinii (blueberry bud mite)
227, 345

Acerophagus texanus (an encyrtid wasp)
8, 104

Achaea janata (croton caterpillar)
314
Achatina fulica (giant African snail)
27, 105, 116, 129, 299, 348, 383, 439,
517, 536, 608, 62h, 675, 734, 755, 756
Acheta assimilis (a field cricket)
5
Acinia picturata (sourbush seed fly)
299
Acleris gloverana (western blackheaded
budworm) 271
Acrobasis betulella (birch tubemaker)
2
pen
Acrobasis caryae (pecan nut casebearer)
215, 222, 295, 3hh, 360, 377, 396,
Bis, 433, 453, 475, 492, 513, 530,
589, 621

Acrobasis juglandis (pecan leaf
ee) 98, 22

Acrobasis vaccinii eee fruitworm)
226, 143i :

Acrolepia assectella (leek moth)
112, 365, 460, 782

Acronicta americana (American dagger
moth) 4

Acrosternum hilare (green stink bug)
17!

Aculops lycopersici (tomato russet mite)
1

Aculops magnolivora (an eriophyid mite)
, 25

Aculus comatus (an eriophyid mite)
Ty, WEL

eee festucae
340, 349

Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid)

Ee ee ete iaeace

? ? , a 1} 2 2
200, 210, 233, 26, 2 3, 361,
29%, 309, 319, 322, 341, 357, 374,
393, 4, 418, 4ag, 431, LUT, 470,
489, 509, 525, 545, 565, 586, 617,
631, 658, 671, 681, 730, 740, 751

Acyrthosiphon solani (foxglove aphid)
197, 491

*Adalia bipunctata (twospotted lady
beetle) 255, 381

Adelges abietis (eastern spruce gall
aphid) 260, 345, 551, 623, 662

Adelges cooleyi (Cooley spruce gall
aphid) 263, 270, 280, 311, 531, 662

Adelges piceae (balsam woolly aphid)
126, oil, 273, 280

Adelges tsugae (an adelgia)
» 163, 190

So spp.

it’

Adelphocoris lineolatus (alfalfa plant
bug) 174, 4B, 470, 489, 617

Adelphocoris rapidus (rapid plant bug)
it’

Adelphocoris superbus (superb plant bug)
it
Adoretus sinicus (Chinese rose beetle)

101, 237, 363, 744, 756, 779

Aedes spp. (mosquitoes)
27, 85, 165, 243, ahh, 297, 299, 312,
347, 398, 417, ArT, 495, 532, 536, 552,
569, 594, 662, 675, 732, 734, 756, 782
Aedes abserratus
ehh, 456, 548, 552
Aedes canadensis
111, 264, 312, 399, 552
Aedes cinereus
» 26h, 347, 380, 477, 496, 515, 552,
569, 67h
Aedes commnis
au
Aedes dorsalis
253, 264, 398, 417, 455
Aedes excrucians
347, 380, 515, 591, 663, 674, 732
Aedes fitchii
347, 380, 515, 591, 663, 674, 732
Aedes flavescens
360
Aedes grossbecki
264, 312

Aedes increpitus

Sa CRE DAU:

Aedes nigromaculis

A 362, Liv, 552

edes a
780, 781

Aedes sollicitans (saltmarsh mosquito)
ahh, M7, 533

Aedes sticticus (floodwatér mosquito)
Bub, 398, 515, 674

Aedes stimlans
243, 2, 264, 347, 380, 398, 496, 515,
569, 591, 663, 674, 732

Aedes taeniorhynchus

569
Aedes triseriatus

398, 569, 623, 674, 698

*Aedes trivittatus

243, 26h, 515, 674

Aedes vexans
23, 2ub, 347, 362, 380, 398, 417, 455,
56, 477, 495, 515, 532-533, 552, 569,
591, 623, 634, 663, 674, 685, 698, 711,
732

Aedes vexans nocturnus (vexans mosquito)
27, 85, 10k, 165, 299, 365, 536, 594,
675, 734, 756, 782

Aeoloplides turnbulli (a grasshopper )
138, 663, T12

Aeolus livens (a wireworm)

Agallia constricta (a leafhopper)
322, 342, 374

Agalliopsis novella (a leafhopper)
374

Agasicles sp. (a leaf beetle)
2

255 ,
Agathis spp. (braconids)

105, 439
Agathis stigmatera
al

Ageneotettix deorum (a grasshopper)
5, 117, 118, 479, 516, 663, 67%, 699,
qle

Agkistrocerus megerlei (a tabanid fly)
732, 733

Aglosss pinguinalis (a pyralid moth)

Agonoderus lecontei (seedcorn beetle)
372, » WT

Agrilus anxius (bronze birch borer)
263, 398, 436, re 731, T42 )

Auge ruficollis (rednecked cane borer
53

Agrius cingulatus (sweetpotato hornworm)*
59, 731, 752, T5T

* Also carried es Herse cingulata in
Vol. 2l.

Agromyza spp. (leafminer flies)
176, 393, 448, 617, 658, 695
Agromyza dcornis (corn blotch
leafminer 391
Agrotis gladiaria (claybacked cutworm)

1
Agrotis psiion (black cutworm)
ihe, 146-1 L 200, 292, 344, 355, 372,
390, 394, Go8, 427, 445, 487, 490, 511,
526, 670. Light traps: 5, 19, 26, 33,
60, 70, 85, 128, 164, 192, 213, 237
266, 298, 315, 329, 351, 366, 384, kok,
422, Who, 461, 482, 501, 518, 537, 556,
573, 595, 609, 626, 637, 666, 676, 689,
701, 715, 726, Were 745, 758, 783 )
cane orthogonia (pale western cutworm
1, 130, 147, 153, 260, 293, 308, 319,
320, 340, 356, 372, 391, 427, 446, 750
Agrotis venerabilis
Fé 16 een )
lJabama argillacea (cotton leafworm
708, 757

Alcaeorrhynchus grandis (a stink bug)
256

Alconeura quadrimaculata (a leafhopper)
25

Alder flea beetle
(Altica ambiens)

Aleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly)
Bb, 11k, 192, 313, 363, 457, 516, 686,
724, 733, 755

Aleurocybotus occiduus (a whitefly)
670

Aleurothrixus floccosus (woolly whitefly):
Ys, 122, 128, 265, 326, 572, 686, 743

Aleyrodes spiraeoides (a whitefly)
8, 270, 633

Alfalfa caterpillar
(Colias eurytheme)
Alfalfa leafcutter bee
(Megachile rotundata)
Alfalfa looper
(Autographa californica)
Alfalfa plant bug
(Adelphocoris lineolatus)
Alfalfa seed chalcid

(Bruchophagus roddi)
Alfalfa snout beetle

(Brachyrhinus ligustici)
Alfalfa weevil

(Hypera postica)
Alkali bee
(Nomia melanderi)
Alloeocranum biannulipes (a reduviid bug)
34
Allograpta obliqua (a syrphid fly)
10!

Almond moth
(Cadra cautella)

Alsophila pometaria (fall cankerworm)
263, 283, 296, 325, 346, 379, 417, 711
Altica sp.
227
Altica ambiens (alder flea beetle)
~ 6h

Altica carinata (elm flea beetle)

3

Altica chalybea (grape flea beetle)
227, 324

Amathes c-nigrum (spotted cutworm)
526

Amblycerus robiniae (a seed beetle)
3) 298
>

Amblyomma americanum (lone star tick)
"230, 2K, 312, 363, 381, 399, MIB, 56

Amblyomma cajennense (Cayenne tick)
37, Ws

Amblyomma maculatum (Gulf Coast tick)

247, 361
Amblyomma variegatum (a hardbacked tick)
235

American black flour beetle
(Tribolium audax)
American cockroach
(Periplaneta americana)
American dagger moth
(Acronicta americana)
American dog tick
(Dermacentor variabilis)
American grasshopper
(Schistocerca americana)
American plum borer
(Euzophera semifuneralis)

Amphimallon majalis (European chafer)
dh, 327, 363, 362, 479, 497

Amphitornus coloradus (sa grasshopper)
138, 516, Care )

Anabrus simplex (Mormon cricket

120, 364, 382, 401, 438, 459, 498
ak, 635, 699 :

Anacamptodes cypressaria (a geometrid
mot) all, a3

Anacamptodes fragilaria (koa haole
Tooper) 70, 100, 101, 103, 165, 328,

eae 608, 782
jacentrinus deplanatus (a weevil
I5l, 777, TOL

Anagaste kuehniella (Mediterranean flour
moth) 297

Anagrapha falcifera (celery looper)
395, 565

Ana, Ss antoninae (an encyrtid wasp)
ita
Ananca kanack (an oedemerid beetle)

59h
Anaphes flavipes (a mymarid wasp)
TO; Ig

Anaphothrips obscurus (grass thrips)

Anarsia lineatella (peach twig borer)
216, 41h, 529, 661

Anasa tristis (squash bug)
203, 431, 473, 696

Anastatus koebelei (a eupelmid wasp)
73

Anastrepha ludens (Mexican fruit fly)
120, 164, 313, 327, 364, 365, 420,
59, 606

Anastrepha nigrifascia

rere Te (
iastrepha suspensa (Caribbean fruit
fly) Tk, 16h, 348

Anatis lecontei (a lady beetle)
313

Anatis quindeci nctata
37%, 381

Anavitrinella pampinaria (cranberry
Spanworm) 731

Ancylis comptana fragariae (strawberry
leafroller) 227, 32%, 361

Aneristus ceroplastae (a eulophid wasp)
1

Angoumois grain moth
(Sitotroga cerealella)

Anisota senatoria (orangestriped
oakworm) 264

Anocentor nitens (tropical horse tick)
2h9, 347

Anomala orientalis (oriental beetle)
aT

Anomis flava (hibiscus caterpillar)
328

Anopheles spp.
591, 674
Anopheles punctipennis
399, 623, 69)
Anopheles quadrimaculatus (common
malaria mosquito) 191, 698
Anopheles walkeri

T+, 685, 732
Anthocomus bipunctatus (a melyrid
beetle) 2

1)
Anthonomis eugenii (pepper weevil)
195, 363, 208

Anthonomus grandis (boll weevil)
32, 61, 113, 179, 294, 309, 313, 322,
342, 350, 358, 367-368, 375, 393, 411,
430, 437, 449, 457, 471, 479, 490, 497,
510, 525, 546, 553, 566, 586, 587, 602,
618, 632, 659, 671, 682, 695, 708, 7Te0,
730, T40, 751, 773

Anthonomis musculus (cranberry weevil)
295

Anthonomus signatus (strawberry weevil)
227, 32!

Anthophora occidentalis (a bee)
1

Anthrax distigma (a bombyliid fly)

499, 500
Anthrenus museorum (a dermestid beetle)

780, 781
Anthrenus scrophulariae (carpet beetle)

251
Antianthe expansa (a membracid bug)

535, 536; 572, 675, 700, Th
Anticarsia gemmatalis (velvetbean
““caterpillar) 176, 177, 255, 602, 631,

682, 695, 708, 720, Tel
Antonina graminis (Rhodesgrass scale)

LO.

Apatolestes comastes (a tabanid fly)

533
Anuraphis maidiradicis (corn root aphid)

27

Aonidiella aurantii (California red
scale) 2h, 163, 189, 225, 295, 396,
590

Aonidiella citrina (yellow scale)
2k, Gh, 82, 98, 163, 189, 262, 311,
360, 378, 434, 453, 530, 550, 589, 621,
661, 721, 731, (ee

i indocilis (a noctuid moth

Apanteles spp. (braconids)
Th5, 254, 458, 514

a cinctiformis

Apanteles congregatus
141

Apanteles electrae
2

aa miantonomoi

Apanteles militaris

105, 505 AL IN?
Apanteles porthetriae X
1

Aphaereta pallipes (a braconid)
254

Aphidius pulcher (a braconid)
173

Aphidius smithi
ae pen ;
Aphis craccivora (cowpea aphid

162, 198, 200, 261, 294, 481, 660
Aphis febae (bean aphid)

18h, 696, ree )
Aphis gossypii (cotton aphid
“Ei, 182, 203, 226, 322, 32, 343, 358,

376, oe .
Aphis hederae (ivy aphid

> 15, 58, 59, 60, 270

Aphis helianthi
Aphis nasturtii (buckthorn aphid)
450, 473, 491
Aphis nerii
299
Aphis pomi (apple aphid)
126, 210, 215, 219, 234, 262, 344, 433,
492, 513
Aphis spiraecola (spirea aphid)
270

Aphodius haemorrhoidalis (a scarab)

Aphodius washtucna

Aphrophora pagaliels (pine spittlébug)
298, 345, 361, 379, 397, 416, 454

Aphrophora saratogensis (Saratoga
spittlebug) 280, 51h

Aphycus eruptor (an encyrtid wasp)
10

Aphycus luteolus
ae pare

Aphycus mexicanus (an encyrtid wasp)
165, 325, 625, 756

Aphycus portoricensis*
3

Aplytis spp. (aphelinid wasps)
2

Apion antiquum (South African emex
weevil) 27, 350

Apion longirostre (hollyhock weevil)

, 83, 85, ell, 213, 269, 378, 397,
4o2, 416, 432, 435, 475, 481, 493, 500,
512, 513, 531, 535, 548, 550, 567, 753,
TST

Apion ulicis
995 ( )
Apis mellifera (honey bee

5, 45, 59, 252, 265, 327, 348, 497,

534, 663, 723, 754

Apotoforma sp. (a tortricid moth)
T6, euh, 725, 782
Apple aphid

(Aphis pomi)
Apple curculio

(Tachypterellus quadrigibbus)
Apple grain aphid

(Rhopalosiphum fitchii)
Apple maggot

(Rhagoletis pomonella)

Apple mealybug
(Phenacoccus aceris)

Apristus constrictus (a ground beetle)

z 729, 733 ( )

Apterona crenulella (a psychid moth
IST, 234, 52h, 531, 535

Araecerus fasciculatus (coffee bean
weevil) 251, 252, 778

Archips argyrospilus (fruittree leaf-
roller) 216, 284, 377, 378, 379, 396,
476, Loh

Archips cerasivoranus (uglynest
caterpillar) 21

Archips georgiana (a tortricid moth)
22

Archips semiferanus
35, 4h

Argentine ant

(Zridomyrmex humilis)
Argyrotaenia citrana Corange tortrix)
Bo

Argyrotaenia pinatubana (pine tube moth)
32, 33

Argyrotaenia velutinana (redbanded
leafroller) 216, 226, 310, 323, 3u4,
378, 396, 41k, U52

Aristotelia fra iae (strawberry
crownminer) 536

Armadillidium vulgare (a pillbug)
351

Army cutworm
(Buxoa auxiliaris)

Armyworm

(Pseudaletia unipuncta)
Aroga websteri (sagebrush defoliator)

157, 508, 694, 700
Artichoke plume moth

(Platyptilia carduidactyla)
Ash borer

(Podosesia syringae fraxini)
Ash plant bug

(Tropidosteptes amoenus )
Asiatic garden beetle

(Maladera castanea)

* Carried as Metaphycus portoricensis
in Vol. 21.

Asiatic oak weevil

(Cyrtepistoms castaneus)
Asparagus aphid

(Brachycolus asparagi)
Asparagus beetle

(Crioceris asparagi)
Asparagus miner

(Ophiomyia simplex)
Aspen blotchminer

(Lithocolletis tremloidiella)

Aspidiotus destructor (coconut scale)
19, 34, 85, 103, 193, 266, 328, 365,
594, 608, 71

Aster leafhopper
(Macrosteles fascifrons)

Asterolecanium pustulans (a pit scale)
636

Atractomorpha sinensis (pinkwinged
grasshopper) 2

Atriplex sp. (a soft scale)

109

Atta texana (Texas leafcutting ant)
325

Aulocara sp. (a grasshopper)

9}
Aulocara elliotti

117, 115, 401, 420, 438, 479, 498, 534,

554, 67h, 699, 712
Australian cockroach
(Periplaneta australasiae)
Autographa californica (alfalfa looper)
29h, 316, 321, 37%, 431, 567

Autographa falcifera (a noctuid moth)
Th

Azalea caterpillar
(Datana ma jor)

Azalea leafminer
(Gracilleria azaleella)

Azya luteipes (a lady beetle)
59, 615

B
Bagworm

(Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis)
Bakericheyla chanayi (a cheyletid mite)
7 10
Baldfaced hornet
(Vespula maculata)
Balsam fir sawfly
(Neodiprion abietis)
Balsam twig aphid
(Mindarus abietinus)
Balsam woolly aphid
(Adelges piceae)
Banded sunflower moth
(Phalonia hospes)
Bandedwing whitefly
(Trialeurodes abutilonea)
Banks grass mite
(Oligonychus pratensis)
Bark beetles
e271, 272, 273
Barley thrips
(Limothrips denticornis)
Barnacle scale
(Ceroplastes cirri, ediformis )

Bathyplectes spp. (ichneumon wasps )
327, 363, 699

Bathyplectes anura
253, 363, 365, 437

Bathyplectes curculionis
ee 169, 170, 191, 252, 253, 254,
340, 308, 363, 374, Fook 10, iB’
437, 457, 478, 496, 534, 585, 699

Bean aphid

(Aphis fabae)
Bean butterfly

(Lampides boeticus)

Bean fly
(Melanagromyza phaseoli)
Bean leaf beetle
(Cerotoma trifurcata)

Bean thrips
(Caliothrips fasciatus)
Bed bug

(Cimex lectularius)
Bedellia orchilella (sweetpotato
leafminer) 70
Beech scale
(Cryptococcus fagisuga)
Beet armyworm
(Spodoptera exigue)
Beet leafhopper
(Circulifer tenellus)
Beet leafminer
(Pegomya betae)
Beet webworm
(Loxostege sticticalis)
Bipalium kewense (a planarian flatworm)
9

Birch leafminer
(Fenusa pusilla)
Birch skeletonizer
(Bucculatrix canadensisella)
Birch tube maker
(Acrobasis betulella)

-Black blister beetle

(Epicauta pennsylvanica)
Black blow fly

(Phormia regina)
Black carpenter ant
(Camponotus pennsylvanicus )
Black cherry aphid
(Myzus cerasi)
Black cherry fruit fly

(Rhagoletis fausta)
Black cutworm

(Agrotis ipsilon)
Black flies
245, 362, 361
Blackheaded ash sawfly
(Tethida cordigera)
Blackheaded fireworm
(Rhopobota naevana)
Black horse fly
(Tabanus atratus)
Blacklegged tick
(Ixodes scapularis)
Blackmargined aphid
(Monellia costalis)
Black parlatoria scale
(Parlatoria zizyphus)
Black peach aphid

(Brachycaudus persicae)
Black pecan aphid

(Tinocallis caryaefoliae)
Black pineleaf scale
(Nuculaspis californica)
Black scale
(Saissetia oleae)
Black turpentine beetle
(Dendroctonus terebrans )
Black vine weevil
(Brachyrhinus sulcatus)
Blapstinus spp. (darkling beetles)
15

Blapstinus oregonensis
ad

122
Blatta orientalis (oriental cockroach)
Til, 250

Blattella germanica (German cockroach)
26, 111, 250, 754, 757

Blissus spp.
156, 158, 616, 681, 740

Blissus insularis (southern chinch bug)

158, 340, 356, 488, 617, 740, 750, 757

Blissus leucopterus hirtus (hairy chinch
bug) 156, rs 681
Blissus leucopterus leucopterus (chinch

bug) 3, 152, 155, 158, 187, 260, 372,

427, 46, 488, 508, 524, 585, 616, 631,
681, 740, 778
Bloodsucking conenose
(Triatoma sanguisuga)
Blueberry bud mite
(Aceria vaccinii)
Blueberry maggot

(Rhagoletis mendax)
Bluegrass billbug

(Sphenophorus parvulus)
Bluegrass webworm
(Crambus teterrellus)

Boll weevil
(Anthonomus grandis)
Bollworm

(Heliothis zea)

Bombotelia igcosatrix (large mango tip
borer) 349, 350, 74h

Boopedon sp. (a grasshopper)
‘19

Boopedon nubilum
11

Baud

Boophilus spp. (hardbacked ticks)
26, 56, 111, 235, 363, 399, 418, 515,
592, 723

Boophilus annulatus (cattle tick)
111, 515, 592

Boophilus microplus (southern cattle
tick) 111, 235, 515, 592

Bothynus gibbosus (carrot beetle)
2

202

Bovicola bovis (cattle biting louse)
2

Bovicola egui (horse biting louse)
Bie 7S

Boxelder bug
(Leptocoris trivittatus)
Boxelder twig borer
(Proteoteras willingana)
Boxwood leafminer
(Monarthropalpus buxi)
Brachycaudus helichrysi
513

_Brachycaudus persicae (black peach
aphid 220

Brachycolus asparagi (asparagus aphid)
> 9, 205, 310, 376, 473, 512, 5k8,

567, 633, 660, 664, 709, 714

re intermedia (a chalcid)
1
ed SPP.

269

Brachyrhinus ligustici (alfalfa snout
beetle) 321
Brac hinus ovatus (strawberry root

weevil 158, 18k, 227, 269

Brachyrhinus rugosostriatus
158, 227, 269

Brachyrhinus singularis
227, 393, 402

Brac hinus sulcatus (black vine weevil)
98, 227, 233, 269, 345

Braconids

553, 733

Bradysia picea (a sciarid fly)
25

Brevicoryne brassicae (cabbage aphid)
102, 202, 261, 403, 451

Brevipalpus lewisi (citrus flat mite)
225, 379, 560

Bristly cutworm

(Lacinipolia renigera)
Bronze birch borer

(Agrilus anxius)
Brownbanded cockroach

(Supella longipalpa)
Brown citrus aphid

(Toxoptera citricida)
Brown cockroach

(Periplaneta brunnea)
Brown dog tick

(Rhipicephalus sanguineus)

Brown garden snail
(Helix aspersa)
Brown recluse spider
(Loxosceles reclusa)
Brown soft scale
(Coccus hesperidum)
Brown spider beetle
(Ptinus clavipes)
Brown stink bug
(Euschistus servus)
Browntail moth
(Nygmia phaeorrhoea)
Brown wheat mite
(Petrobia latens)

Bruchophagus platyptera (clover seed
aaa 694

Bruchophagus roddi (alfalfa seed
chaicid) 176, 631

Bruchus brachialis (vetch bruchid)
iti, 73

Bruchus pisorum (pea weevil)
199, 711

Bryobia praetiosa (clover mite)
ea sme lon ele5m 2335, e5L ;

Bucculatrix ainsliella (oak skeletonizer)
283, 49

Bucculatrix canadensisella (birch
Skeletonizer) 283, 723

Bucculatrix thurberiella (cotton leaf-
perforator) 299, 375, 511, 603, 619,
696, 708, 740

Buck moth
(Hemileuca maia)

Buckthorn aphid

" (Aphis nasturtii)

Bumblebees
534, 553

Buprestis aurulenta (golden buprestid)
191

Byturus rubi (eastern raspberry fruitworm)
397

C

Cabbage aphid
(Brevicoryne brassicae)
Cabbage looper
(Trichoplusia ni)
Cabbage maggot
(Hylemya brassicae)
Cabbage webworm
(Hellula rogatalis)
Cactoblastis cactorum (a cactus moth)
7 ¥
Cadelle
(fenebroides mauritanicus)
Cadra cautella (almond moth)
251, 252
California oakworm
(Phryganidia californica)
California pearslug
(Pristiphora abbreviata)
California red scale
(Aonidiel=-aurantii)

Caliothrips fasciatus (bean thrips)
195, 200, 545 y
Caliroa cerasi (pearslug)
221, 360, 529, 549, 568, 661
Calleida decora (a carabid beetle)
2

Calligrapha scalaris (elm calligrapha)
264
Callirhytis cornigera (a cynipid wasp)

Callirhytis milleri
25
Callir! is perdens

Callirhytis punctate
22

Callopistria sp. (a noctuid moth)
572, 665

Calocalpe undulata
See Hydria undulata

Calomycterus setarius (a Japanese weevil)
9, 251

Calosoma calidum (fiery hunter)
255

Calosoma frigidum (a carabid beetle)
251

Calosoma sycophanta
261

Calpodes ethlius (larger canna leafroller)
69T

Camellia scale
(Lepidosaphes camelliae)

Camnula pellucida (clearwinged grasshopper )
iz, 458, 498, 534, 592, 606, 663, 674

Campoletis perdistinctus (an ichneumon
wasp) 196, 197

Camponotus spp.
99, 250

Camponotus ferrugineus (red carpenter ant)
99

Camponotus pennsylvanicus (black carpenter
ant) 99, 250

Camponotus subbarbatus
9

Cane leafhopper egg sucker

(Tytthus mundulus)
Cankerworms

263, 379, 417
Capitophorus spp. (aphids)
210
Cardiochiles nigriceps (a braconid)
535
Caribbean fruit fly
(Anastrepha suspensa)
Carmine spider mite
(Tetranychus cinnabarinus )
Carpenter ants a
250
Carpet beetle
(Anthrenus scrophulariae)
Carpophilus lugubris (dusky sap beetle)
152, 524
Carrion beetle .
(Silpha bituberosa)
Carrot beetle
(Bothynus zibbosus)
Carrot rust fly

(Psile rosae)
Carrot weevil

(Listronotus cregonensis)
Carulaspis giffardi (an armored scale)

Carulaspis juniperi (juniper scale)
270, 753, T57
Casinaria infesta (an ichneumon wasp)
555, 134, 156
Cat flen
(Ctenocephalides felis)
Catabena esula (a noctuid moth)
19, 531
Catalpa sphinx
(Ceratomia catalpae)
Cattle biting louse
(Bovicola bovis)
Cattle lice
16, 127, 212, 236
Cattle tail louse
(Haematopinus quadripertusus)
Cattle tick
(Boophilus-annulatus )

Caulocampus acericaulis (maple petiole
oD) LT

Cayenne tick

(Amblyomma cajennense)

Cecidomyia piniinopis (a cecidomyiid midge)
753

Cecidomyia resinicoloides (Monterey pine

resin midge) 271

Cecidomyia texana
184, 707

Cecidophyopsis psilaspis (an
eriophyid mite) 9, 270
Celama sorghiella (sorghum webworm)
ae, 507, 601, 613, 616, 630, 657, 669,
70, 693, 705
aR looper )
Anagrapha falcifera
Centruroides keysi (keys striped
780

scorpion

Cephenemyia jellisoni (a nose bot fly)
iT

Cephus cinctus (wheat sten sawfly)
153-155, 386, 391, 680

Ceramica picta (zebra caterpillar)

175, 183, 567, 708
Ceratitis capitate (Mediterranean fruit

fly) 27

Ceratocombus vagans (a jumping ground
bug

Ceratomia catalpae (catalpa sphinx)
733

Cereal leaf beetle

OQulema melanopus
Cerococcus kalmiae (a pit scale)

697, 700
Cerococcus parrotti
380, 365

Ceroplastes ceriferus (a soft scale)
270 ;

Ceroplastes cirripediformis (barnacle
scale) 103, 104, 112, 165, 266, 328,
517, 594, 625, 725, 756

Ceroplastes irregularis
109, 112

Cerotoma trifurcata (bean leaf beetle)
32, 176, 199; 233, 359, 413, 430, 448,
565, 08D, 606, 707

Chaetocnema spp.

9, 50

Chaetocnema confinis (sweetpotato flea
beetle) 158, 20h, 373, 413

Chaetocnema ectypa (desert corn Plea
beetle) 151, 390, 409, 508, 602

Chaetocnema pulicaria (corn flea beetle)
151, 320, 355, 372, 390, 409, 427, 508,
52h, skh, 564, 584

Chaetogaedia monticola (a tachinid fly)
32
Chaetophloeus heterodoxus (a bark beetle)

2
Chaff scale
(Parlatoria pergandii)
Chalcodermus aeneus (cowpea curculio)
198, 199
Chalcolepidius erythroloma (a click
Teetiell W21

Chelopistes SS (large turkey
Touse) 127, 12

Cherry fruit fly

(Rhagoletis cingulata)
Cherry fruitworm

(Grapholitha —
Cheumatopsyche analis (a caddisfly)
750, 157, Tol, 102
Chilocorus stigma (twicestabbed lady
beetle) 71l
Chinch bug
(Blissus leucopterus leucopterus)
Chinese rose beetle
(Adoretus sinicus)
Chirothrips mexicanus (a thrips)
1

poy
Chlorochroa sayi (Say stink bug)
27h, 18k, 198
Chlorotabanus crepuscularis (a tabanid fly)
25, 156
Choristoneura conflictana (large aspen
tortrix) 273, 271, 476, 514
Choristoneura fumiferana (spruce budworm)

215, 211, 397, 416, 475, 493, 514, 569

Choristoneura houstonana (a tortricid

moth) 267

Choristoneura occidentalis (western
spruce budworm) 271, 272
Choristoneura pinus (jack pine budworm)

254, 277, 435, 454, 475, 514
Choristoneura rosaceana (obliquebanded

leafroller 216, 47h
Choristoneura zapulata

267
Chorizagrotis auxiliaris
See EBuxoa auxiliaris

Chorthippus curtipennis (a grasshopper)
55

Chromaphis juglandicola (walnut aphid)
223, T12

Chrysobothris floricola (a buprestid
beetle) 605

Chrysodeixis chalcites (a noctuid moth)
27, 21h

Chrysolina spp. (chrysomelid beetles)
vis]

Chrysolina quadrigemina (a klamathweed
beetle) 252, 255, 381

Chrysomela scripta (cottonwood leaf
beetle) 211, 266, 346, 417
Chrysomelid beetles

346
Chrysomphealus aonidum (Florida red
Sate) 100, 102, 214, 460
Chrysomyia spp. (blow flies)
104

Chrysomyia megacephala
Tol

Chrysopa spp. (green lacewings)
192, 256, 457, 604, 723

Chrysope colorandensis
a

Chrysope oculata (goldeneye lacewing)
256, 297
Chrysops spp. (deer flies)
ais, 456, 477, 533
Chrysops aestuans
533
Chrysops discalis
56, 533

Chrysops indus
9

a moechus
245
Chrysoteuchia topiaria (cranberry
girdler 156, 361, 434
Cigarette beetle

(Lasioderma serricorne)

Cimex lectularius (bed bug)
~ 26

Cinara carolina (a conifer aphid)
555, 594, 714
Cinara curvipes

234
Cinara palmerae
gi

Cinara pinivora
719, TOL
Cinara strobi (white pine aphid)

98, 234, 416, 435

Cinara tujafilina
1, 165, 263, 280, 296

Circulifer tenellus (beet leafhopper )
31, 43, 61, 125, 132-133, 184, 231,
259, 291, 307, 339, 371, 407, 4e5, 443,
467, 521, 561, 581, 599, 655, 669, 693,
105, 719, T49 (

Citheronia regalis (hickory horned
devil) 2&7

Citrus blackfly
(Aleurocanthus woglumi)

Citrus flat mite
(Brevipalpus lewisi)

Citrus mealybug
(Planococeus citri)

Citrus red mite

(Panonychus citri)
Citrus rust mite

(Phyllocoptruta oleivora)
Citrus thrips

(Scirtothrips citri)
Citrus whitefly
(Dialeurodes citri)

Clastoptera achatina (pecan spittlebug)
22h, 396, M5, ge

Clavaspis subsimilis (an armored scale)
235, 236, 265

Claybacked cutworm
(Agrotis gladiaria)

Clearwinged grasshopper
(Camnula pellucida)

Clivina impressifrons (slender seedcorn
beetle 372, We

Clouded plant bug
(Neurocolpus nubilus)

Cloudywinged whitefly
(Dialeurodes citrifolii)

Clover head weevil

(Hypera meles)
Clover leafhopper

(Aceratagallia sanguinolenta)

Clover leaf weevil

(Hypera punctata)

Clover mite
(Bryobia praetiosa)

Clover root curculio

(Sitona hispidulus )

Clover seed chalcid
(Bruchophagus platyptera)
Clover stem borer
(Languria mozardi)
Cluster fly
(Pollenia mutts) ,
Cnephasia a omnivorous leaftier
344, 375, 43
Coccidoxenus mexicanus (an encyrtid wasp)
103, 10k, 112, 266, 328, 517, 625
Coccinella novemnotata
gh, 7il
Coccinella septempunctata bruckii
19, 3, 105

Coccinella transversoguttata (transverse
lady beetle) 255, en
Coccus hes eae soft scale)
2h, 98, 234, 270, 378, 434, 700, 722,
152
Coceus viridis (green scale)
59, 102, 237
Cochliomyia hominivorax (screwworm)
) 18, 25, 33, 44, 50, 68, 83, 99, 110,
127, 190, 192, 211, 235, 239, 264, 296,
312, 326, 346, 362, 380, 399, 417, 436,
455, 477, 495, 532, 551, 569, 591, 605,
623, 662, 685, 698, 711, 723, 732, The,
754, 780
Cocklebur weevil

(Rhodobaenus tredecimpunctatus)
Cockroaches

111, 250
Coconut leafroller

(Hedylepta blackburni)
Coconut scale

(Aspidiotus destructor)
Codling moth

(Laspeyresia pomonella)

Coelophora sp.
103

Coelophora inaequalis (commor fustrialian
lady beetle L, 555, 734

Coffee bean weevil
(Araecerus fasciculatus)

Colaspis flavida (a leaf beetle)

Colaspis pini (pine colaspic)
493

Coleomegilla maculata (a lady beetle)
69, 111, 255, 297, 347, 781, 437, 456,
515, 553, 592, 614, 711

Coleophora laricella (larch casebearer)
9, 271, 622

Coleotechnites milleri (lodgepole
needleminer) 272, 753

Colias eurytheme (alfalfa caterpillar)
125, 1a, 29h, 321, 411, 489, 545, 565,
602, 617, 658, 670, 681, 695, 706, 720,
730, 740, 751

Collops spp. (melyrid beetles)

1, 592, 723

Collops quadrimaculatus
31

Collops vittatus
2

Coloradia pandora lindseyi (a saturniid
moth) 277, 550

Colorado potato beetle
(Leptinotarsa decemlineata)

Common Austrialian lady beetle

(Coelophora inaequalis)
Common cattle grub

(Hypoderma lineatum)

Common malaria mosquito
(Anopheles quadrimaculatus)
Comstock mealybug
(Pseudococeus comstocki)
Confused flour beetle
(Tribolium confusum)
Conoderus falli (southern potato
wireworm) 151, 182, 195, 340
Conoderus vespertinus (tobacco wireworm)
182
Conotrachelus nenuphar (plum curculio)
217, 227, 310, 396, 41k, 452, 529, 702
Contarinia spp. (cecidomyiid midges)
ei ( )
Contarinia sorghicola (sorghum midge
169, 468,

~ 1h2, aaa 508, 52k, 544, 564,
585, 601, 616, 630, 657, 670, 680, 700,

705, 719, 734, 739, T49, 782
Convergent lady beetle
(Hippodamia convergens )
Cooley spruce gall aphid
(Adelges cooleyi)
Copidosoma truncatellum (an encyrtid wasp)
27
Copris incertus prociduus (a scarab)
555
it xanthogramma (a plataspid bug)
» 70, 85, 103, 214, 237, 350
Coptotermes formosanus (Formosan
subterranean termite) 364, 421, 438
Coquillettidia perturbans (a mosquito)
243, 495, 515, 532, 552, 569, 591, 674,
132
Cordillacris sp. (a grasshopper)

Cordillacris occipitalis

Corn blotch leafminer
(Agromyza parvicornis)
Corn earworm
(Heliothis zea)
Corn flea beetle
(Chaetocnema pulicaria)
Corn leaf aphid
(Rhopalosiphum maidis)
Corn planthopper
(Peregrinus maidis)
Corn root aphid
(Anuraphis maidiradicis)
Corn root webworm
(Crambus caliginosellus)
Corythucha arcuata (oak lace bug)
710
Corythucha cydoniae (hawthorn lace bug)
732, 733
Corythucha montivaga

Th; T43
Cosmoberis americana (a weevil)
183

Cosymbia serrulata (kiawe flower looper)
299, 326, 439

Cotinis nitida (green June beetle)
157, 2545 524

Cotton aphid
(Aphis gossypii)

Cotton fleahopper
(Pseudatomoscelis seriatus)

Cotton leafperforator
(Bucculatrix thurberiella)

Cotton leafworm

(Alabama argillacea)
Cottonwood leaf beetle

(Chrysomela scripta)
Cottonycushion scale

(Icerya purchasi)
Cottony maple scale
(Pulvinaria innumerabilis)
Cowpea aphid
(Aphis craccivora)
Cowpea curculio
(Chalcodermus aeneus)
Crambus spp. (sod webworms )
156, 408
Crambus bonifatellus
156

Crambus caliginosellus (corn root
webworm) a8

Crambus teterrellus (bluegrass webworm)
BEd
Cranberry fruitworm
(Acrobasis vaccinii)
Cranberry girdler
(Chrysoteuchia topiaria)
Cranberry spanworm
(Anavitrinella pampinaria)
Cranberry weevil
(Anthonoms musculus)
Cratichneumon sublatus (an ichneumon
[o> a
Crioceris spp. (asparagus beetles)

395
Crioceris asparagi (asparagus beetle)
93 20%; 395, 413, 432

Crioceris duodecimpunctata (spotted
asparagus BEaETCN 9, 192, 204, 395,
413, 451, 473, 548

Croesia albicomana (oak leaftier)*
83, 284, 435, 455, oh, 622

Croesia semipurpurana (oak leaftier)
See Croesia albicomana

Croesus latitarsus (dusky birch sawfly)
05

Cross-striped cabbageworm
(Evergestis rimosalis)

Croton caterpillar

(Achaea janata)

Cryptoblabes aliena (a pyralid moth)
700, 734, 744, 762

Cryptochetum iceryae (a cryptochetid fly)

105, 59)
Cryptococcus fagisuga (beech scale)
27

273
Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (a lady beetle)
99, 401, » 93

Cryptolestes pusillus (flat grain beetle)
191, 780

tophlebia ombrodelta (litchi fruit
moth at

Cryptorhynchus lapathi (poplar-and-
)7 126

willow borer

Cryptotermes brevis (a powderpost
termite) 250, 421

Ctenicera pruinina (Great Basin wireworm)
125

Ctenocephalides spp.
26

Ctenocephalides canis (dog flea)
2h6

* Also carried as Croesia semipurpurana

and in error as Argyrotaxa semipur-
Puranas in Vol. 21.

|

Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea)
239, 2h6

Cuban laurel thrips

(Gynaikothrips ficorum)
Culex spp. (mosquitoes

27, 85, 165, 243, 299, 365, 398, 477,
é Aes) 594, 623, 675, 698, 734, 756, 782
ulex pipiens

Ans

Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (southern
house mosquito) 27, 85, 10h, 165, 191,
ahh, 264, 299, 326, 365, 533, 536, 594,
875, 734, 756, 782

Culex restuans
enh, 399, 456, 623, 698, Tl, 732

Culex salinarius
191, 2

Culex tarsalis
9, elk; 26h, 362, 398, 417, 495, 532,
552, 569, 623, 674, 685

Culex territans
2:

Culicoides sp. (a biting midge)

25

Culiseta inornata (a mosquito)

191, 264, 347, 362, 380, 399, 456, 685,
Til, 732

Culiseta morsitans
674, 685, 711, 732

Cupes clathratus (a cupesid beetle)

, 102

Curculio caryae (pecan weevil)

9, 44, 223, 621, 661, 683, 696, 709,
T41, 752

Currant borer
(Synanthedon tipuliformis)

Cutworms
395, 431, 568

Cyclamen mite
(Steneotarsonemus pallidus)

Cylas formicarius elegantulus (sweetpotato
weevil) 5, q6, 121, 236, 266, 635

Cylindrocopturus eatoni (a weevil)
25

Cyrtepistomus castaneus (Asiatic oak
= weevil) al pic mane eMSs RECT
569, 587, 671, 684, 688, 711, 714, 722

Gyrtopeltis modestus (a plant bug)

Hf

Syrtorhinis sp. (a predacious mirid bug)
3

Cyrtorhinus fulvus

29
Cyrtorhinus lividipennis
T5t

D

Dactylotum bicolor pictum (a mosquito)
479, WB.
Dacus dorsalis (oriental fruit fly)
5, 101, 102, 120, 686, 712, 72h
Damsel bugs
553
Danaus plexippus (monarch butterfly)
7i2
Darksided cutworm
(Euxosa messoria)

Dasychira plagiata (pine tussock moth)
25h, 279, 476, L93

Datana contracta (a notodontid moth)
754, 757

Datana integerrima (walnut caterpillar)
513, 530, 551, 569, 589, 683, 696, 710,

Datana major (azalea caterpillar)
269, 710
Datana ministra (yellownecked caterpillar)

Dectes texanus texanus (a cerambycid
beetle)* 3, 5, 177, 657, 658, 664, 751
Defoliators
272, 273

Delphacodes pro inqua (a delphacid plant-
hopper) 730, 778

Dendroctonus spp. (bark beetles)
211, 379, 732

Dendroctonus adjunctus (roundheaded pine
beetle) 272 5

Dendroctonus brevicomis (western pine
beetle) 25, Lh, 272, 276, 684

Dendroctonus frontalis (southern pine
beetle) 126, 211, 273, 324, 345, 379,
416, 454, 550, 673, 732, 753, 779

Dendroctonus ponderosae (mountain pine
beetle) 271, 272, 276, 379

Dendroctonus pseudotsugae (Douglas fir
beetle) 271, 272

Dendroctonus rufipennis (spruce beetle)
2T1, 272

Dendroctonus terebrans (black
turpentine beetle) 211, 273, 276, 732,
153

Dendrotettix quercus (a grasshopper)
551

Depressed flour beetle
(Palorus subdepressus)

Dermacentor spp. (hardbacked ticks)
363, 399, 418

Dermacentor albipictus (winter tick)
18, 69, 247, 363, 399, 418

Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain
wood tick)” 247, 326, 347, 363, 399, 418

Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick)
ahr, 264, 297, 312, 362, 363, 381, 399,
GiB, 437, 496, 533, 535, 623

Dermestes lardarius (larder beetle)
25) aaa

Dermestid beetles
69

Desert corn flea beetle

(Chaetocnema ectypa)

Desmia funeralis (grape leaffolder)
311

Diabrotica spp. (corn rootworms)

142, eee 292, 427, 487, 488, 507,
523, Shh, 564, 584, 601, 615, 656

Diabrotica atripennis
Ist ;

Diabrotica longicornis (northern corn
rootworm) 9, 67, 70, 148-151, 292, 391,
487, 507, 523, 535, 54h, 564, 58h, 601,
615, 616, 620, 630, 633, 656, 664, 671,
680, 688, 694, 700

Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi
southern corn rootworm, spotted
cucumber beetle) 23, 148-149, 178, 188,
199, 203, 233, 357, 391, 427, 431, 510,
523,527, 528, 546

Diabrotice undecimpunctata tenella

203

Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata
western spotted cucumber Gestieh 199;
203, 269, 528, 54k

Diabrotica virgifera (western corn
rootworm) 9, 148, 149, 292, 320, 469,
488, 507, 508, 523, 54h, 564, 584, 601,
608, 615, 616, 620, 630, 656, 664, 693,
700, 706, 714, 749, 757

Diacrita plana (an otitid fly)

9

Diade, insularis (an ichneumon wasp)
756
Dialeurodes citri (citrus whitefly)

Bah, 225, 270, 401
Dialeurodes citrifolii (cloudywinged

whitefly) 165, 22h, 225

* Carried in Volume 21 as Dectes sayi
in error.

Diamondback moth

(Plutella xylostella)
Diaparsis carinifer Tan ichneumon wasp)
535

Diaphania hyalinata (melonworm)
203

Diaphania nitidalis (pickleworm)
139

Diapheromera femorata (walkingstick)
211, 273, 261, 623, 685, 697, THe

Diaprepes abbreviatus (West Indian
sugarcane root borer) 121, 349, 459,
699, 724, 781

Diaspidiotus ancylus (Putnam scale)
ie, 165

Diaspis bromeliae (pineapple scale)
24

Diatraea crambidoides (southern cornstalk

borer) 1G
Diatraea ‘andiosella (southwestern corn
borer) 23, 142, 105, 4k6, 469, 633,
719, 729, 739, 743, 749, 757, TTT
Diatraea saccharalis (sugarcane borer)

31, 12, Ib5
Diceroprocta apache (a cicada)
221, 266

——— vitripennis

3, 85

Dichomeris marginella (juniper webworm)
263, 269, 397

Differential grasshopper
(Melanoplus differentialis)

Dikraneura carneola (a leafhopper)
356, 545

Dilophus orbatus (a March fly)
23

Dingy cutworm
(Feltia subgothica)

Dioryctria disclusa (a pyralid moth)
2TT

Dioryctria zimmermani (Zimmerman pine
moth) 269

Diprion similis (introduced pine sawfly)
260

Dog flea
(Ctenocephalides canis)

Dolerus collaris (a sawfly)
09

Doreus brevis (a stage beetle)
567

Douglas fir beetle

(Dendroctonus pseudotsugae)
Douglas fir tussock moth

(Hemerocampa pseudotsugata)
Drepanopterna femoratum G grasshopper)
18, 6

Drino sp. (a tachina fly)
~ 458

Drosophila spp. (vinegar flies)
198, 709

Dusky birch sawfly
(Croesus latitarsus)
Dusky sap beetle

(Carpophilus lugubris)
Dysaphis plantaginea (rosy apple aphid)

219, 295, 324, 433

Dysaphis tulipae (tulip bulb aphid)
9, 102

Dyscinetus morator (a scarab)
25

Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (a mealybug)
1

Ear tick

(Otcbius megnini)
Earwigs

251

Eastern pineshoot borer
(Eucosma gloriola)

Eastern raspberry fruitworm
(Byturus rubi)

Eastern spruce gall aphid
(Adelges abietis)

Eastern subterranean termite
(Reticulitermes flavipes)

Eastern tent caterpillar
(Malacosoma americanum)

Edessa florida (a stink bug)
730, 733

Edwardsiana prunicola (prune leafhopper)
220

Edwardsiana rosae (rose leafhopper)
270

Egyptian alfalfa weevil
(Hypera brunneipennis)

Elaphidionoides villosus (twig pruner)
aa

Elasmopalpus lignosellus (lesser corn-
stalk borer) 146, 157, 177, 178, 199,
449, 510, 524, 525, 546, 566, 556, 601,
616, 631, 633, 694, 739, 750, 751

Elatobium abietinum (spruce aphid)

9, 234, Ti

Elimaea ctifera (narrow winged
katydid) 350, 594, 636, 665, 734

Elm calligrapha
(Calligrapha scalaris)

Elm flea beetle
(Altica carinata)

Elm leaf beetle
(Pyrrhalta luteola)

Emmesoymia socia (an anthomyiid fly)

D

Empoasca spp. (leafhoppers)
263

Empoasca fabae (potato leafhopper)
139, 372, 390, 408, 426, 44h, 468, 486,
506, 522, eee ae 582, 600, 629, 655

Empoasca solana (southern garden
leafhopper) 700

Empria maculata (a strawberry sawfly)
fis

Encarsia formosa (a eulophid wasp)
723
Enchenopa binotata (twomarked treehopper)
3

English grain aphid
(Macrosiphum avenae)

Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (sixspotted
mite) 4b, 82, 98, 162, 189, 200, 22h,
262, 310, 360, 378, 434 See ved

Eotetranychus yumensis (Yuma spider mite)
22h

hestia elutella (tobacco moth)
627 OC

Bphydra gracilis (an ephydrid fly)
245

Epicauta pennsylvanica (black blister
beetle) 269

Epicauta pestifera (margined blister
beetle) 195

Epicauta vittata (striped blister beetle)
510

Epidiaspis leperii (Italian pear scale)
2, 97, 162, 475, 752

Epilachna borealis (squash beetle)

0, 664, 696

ilachna varivestis (Mexican bean
beetle) 120, 176, 198, 430, 448, 471,
473, 525, 527, 546, 548, 565, 567, 602,
604, 658, 660, 671, 682, 683, 690, 695,
696, 707, 720, 730

Epinotia aceriella (maple trumpet

skeletonizer) 284
Epinotia nanana (an olethreutid moth)

7
aan pote ttens (light brown apple
moth 25
Epitrimerus pyri (pear rust mite)
32

Epitrix cucumeris (potato flea beetle)
195, 473

Epitrix hirtipennis (tobacco flea beetle)
101, 182, i 195, 309, 358, 375, 394,
Taz, 430, he, loi, 547, 566, 572, 596,
604, 619, Sparse THY )

Epitrix tuberis (tuber flea beetle
195, 491, 610, 672

Erannis tiliaria (linden looper)
263, 49

Eretmocerus paulistus (a eulophid wasp)
326, 743

Eriborus terebrans (an ichneumon wasp)
12

Eriococcus carolinae (an eriococcid scale)
9

Eriococcus coccineus
3

Eriophyes canestrinii (an eriophyid mite)
58, £0

Eriophyes peucedani
2

Eriophyes theospyri
110, 112

Eriophyes tulipae (wheat curl mite)
206, 320
Eriosoma lanigerum (woolly apple aphid)
32, Wi, B2, 126, 189, 219, 255)) 52,
52, 492

iopsis rondanii (a tachina fly)
10, 256
Exyihrogeurs spp. (leafhoppers)
263, 697
a comes:
550, 697

Erythroneura ziczac (Virginiacreeper
leafhopper) 220, 270

Estigmene acrea (saltmarsh caterpillar)
Zoe 696, 752. Light traps: 128, 164,
192, 213, 237, 266, 298, 315, 329, 351,
366, 384, 404, 422, bho, 461, 482, 501,
518, 537, 556, 573, 595, 609, 626, 637,
666, 676, 689, 701, 726, 735, T45, 758

Ethmia nigroapicella (kou leafworm)
Ter

Euborellia annulipes (ringlegged earwig)
212, 251

Eucelatoria armigera (a tachina fly)
734, 75!

Eucoila sp. (a cynipid wasp)

~ 25

Euconocephalus nasutus (a longhorn
grasshopper) 19, 46, 85, 105, 350, 499,
500

Eucosma gloriola (eastern pineshoot borer)

> i

Eudecatoma marylandica (a eurytomid wasp)
620, 622 , .

Euetheola rugiceps (sugarcane beetle
340, 355, 365, 390, ae 446, 459, 462

Euglandina rosea (a snail
517, 608

Bulachnus agilis (an aphid)
290, 379, 416, 590

Eulachnus rileyi
263

Eumerus tuberculatus (lesser bulb fly)
731

Euonymus scale

(Unaspis a= 4)

Eupelmus popa (a eupelmid wasp)
734

Eupeodes volucris (a syrphid fly)
570

Euphoria rufobrunnea (a scarab)

729, 733
Euplectrus plathypenae (a eulophid wasp)
252, 254

European apple sawfly
(Hoplocampa testudinea)

European chafer
(Amphimallon ma Jalis)

European clover leaftier
(Mirificarma formosella)
European corn borer
(Ostrinia nubilalis)
European crane fly
(Tipula paludosa)
European earwig
(Forficula auricularia)
European elm scale
(Gossyparia spuria)
European fruit lecanium
(Lecanium corni)
European mantid
(Mantis religiosa)
European pine sawfly

(Neodiprion sertifer)
European pine shoot moth

(Rhyacionia buoliana)

European red mite
(Panonychus ulmi)

Eurosta solidaginis (a tephritid fly)
553

ae obtusiventris (a eurytomid wasp)
948, 553

Euscelis ohausi (a leafhopper)

1 ’
Euschistus conspersus
220

Euschistus servus (brown stink bug)
178, 198

Eutetranychus banksi (Texas citrus mite)
18, 2h, 4k, 57, 82, 98, 162, 189,
22k, 225, 262, 310, 378, 434, 453, 530,
950, 589, 621, 661, 721, 731, 741

Buthyrhynchus floridanus (a stink bug)
256

Eutreta xanthochaeta (lantana gall fly)
3h, 59

Eutrombicula spp. (chigger mites)
aug

Eutrombicula belkini
23

Euxoa sp. (a cutworm)
25uk

Euxoa auxiliaris (army cutworm)
3, 43, 125, 130, 161, 187, 209, 231,
259, 291, 307, 319, 339, 355, 371, 389,
443, 467, 561, 739. Light traps: 351,
366, 384, 4oh, 422, 482,'501, 537, 666,
715, 735, 745, 758

Euxoa detersa (a noctuid moth)
aay

Euxoa messoria (darksided cutworm)

LT

Euxoa ochrogaster (redbacked cutworm)
10, 175, 376, 412, 491

Euxoa scandens (white cutworm)

395

Euzophera semifuneralis (American plum
borer) 216
Evergestis pallidata (purplebacked
mm) 630

cabbagewo:

Evergestis rimosalis (cross-striped
cabbageworm) 202

Exenterus canadensis (an ichneumon wasp)
432, 137

Exorista spp. (tachina flies)
158

Exorista rossica
1B, 1s

Exorista segregata
18

Exoteleia pinifoliella (pine needleminer)
279

Exuviaspis enceliae (an armored scale)
293, 299

Eyespotted bud moth

(Spilonota ocellana)

F

Face fly
(Musca autumnalis)
Fall armywormn
(Spodoptera frugiperda),

Fall cankerworm

(Alsophila pometaria)

Fall webworm

(Hyphantria cunea)

False celery leaftier
(Udee profundalis)

False chinch bug
(Nysius ericae)

Faronta diffusa (wheat head armyworm)
Light traps: 384, 40h, 422, ko, 4é1,
482, 501, 518, 537, 556, 573, 595, 609,
ee 637, 666, 676, 689, 701, 715, 726,
TAS

Feltia ducens (a noctuid moth)

31

Feltia subgothica (dingy cutworm)
T4T, WT; 657

Feltia subterranea (granulate cutworm)
Ih7, 178, 182, 200, 309, 411, 431, 586,
587. Light traps: 5, 26, 33, 60, 70,
85, 99, 128, 164, 192, 213, 237, 266,
298, 315, 329, 351, 366, 384, 40k, hoo,
4hO, 461, 482, 501, 518, 537, 556, 573,
595, 609, 626, 637, 666, 676, 689, 701,

r 715, 726, eh 745, 758, 783 )
enusa pusil birch leafminer

aaacia pus

Ferrisia virgata (striped mealybug)

3, 85

Fieberiella florii (a leafhopper)
263

Fiery hunter
(Calosoma calidum)

Filbert aphid
(Myzocallis coryli)

Filbertworm
(Melissopus latiferreanus)

Fiorinia fioriniae (an armored scale)

3, 85 y

Firoinia theae (tea scale)

270

Fir engrever

(Scolytus ventralis)

Fire ant
(Solenopsis geminata)
Firebrat

(Thermobia domestica)
Flat grain beetle

(Cryptolestes pusillus)
Fletcher scale

(Lecanium fletcheri)
Florida red scale

(Chrysomphalus aonidum)
Flower thrips

(Frankliniella tritici)

Forcipomyia indecora (a ceratopogonid
midge) 19

Forest tent caterpillar
(Malacosoma disstria)
Forficule auricularia (European earwig)
> 251, 271, 431, 585, 731
Formica obscuripes ravida (an ant)
10

Formica perpilosa

10
Formica pruinosa
ate)
Formica subnitens
10
Formicomus imperator (an anthicid beetle)
> 105

Formosan subterranean termite

(Coptotermes formosanus )

Fourspotted spider mite
(Tetranychus canadensis)

Foxglove aphid
(Acyrthosiphon solani)

Frankliniella spp. (thrips)

178, 182, 412, 525
Frankliniella bispinosa

232, 271
Frankliniella fusca {tobacco thrips)
178, 162, 412, 471

Frankliniella occidentalis (western

flower thrips) 2h, 101, 102, 109,
110, 16, 184, 200, 228, 233, 271,
322, 342, 3h, 375, 531
Frankliniella tritici (flower thrips)
182
Frit fly
(Oscinella frit)
Fruittree leafroller
(Archips argyrospilus)
Fuller rose weevil
(Pantomorus cervinus)
Fungus gnats
295

G

Galba viridis (liverfluke snail)
105
Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth)
3
Garden fleahopper
(Halticus bractatus)
Garden symphylan
(Scutigerella immaculata)
Garden webworm
(Loxostege rantalis)
Gargaphia arizonica (a tingid bug)
10

Gargara genitsae (a treehopper)
ae 620

Gasterophilus spp.
2

Gasterophilus intestinalis (horse bot
fly) 245, 535, 723

Gastropacha quercifolia (lappet moth)
Teacher

Geocoris spp. (big-eyed bugs)
256, 62k,
Geocoris bullatus
2
Geocoris pallens
[an
Geocoris punctipes
256, 297
Geometrid moths
346
German cockroach
(Blattella germanica)
Giant African snail
(Achatina fulica)
ee hornet )
Vespa crabro germana
Gillettea taraxaci (a cynipid wasp)
105
Gladiolus thrips

(Taeniothrips simplex)
Glischrochilus sp. (a sap beetle)

152
Glover scale

(Lepidosaphes gloverii)
Golden buprestid

(Buprestis aurulenta)
Golden nematode

(Heterodera rostochiensis)
Golden tortoise beetle

(Metriona bicolor)

Gonaxis quadrilateralis (a carnivorus
snail) 303, 600

Goss; ia spuria (European elm scale)
235, 206, 346

Gracillaria azaleella (azalea leafminer)
153

Gracillaria vacciniella (a leafblotch
miner) 226

Granulate cutworm
(Feltia subterranea)

Grape berry moth
(Paralobesia viteana)

Grape flea beetle
(Altica chalybea)

Grape leaffolder
(Desmia funeralis)

Grape phylloxera
(Phylloxera vitifoliae)

Grape root borer
(Vitacea polistiformis)

Graphognathus spp. (whitefringed beetles)
122, 213, 265, 313, 327, 349, 365, 382,
HO, 420, 459, 499, 593, 607, 608, 618,
625, 664, 687

Sten leucoloma fecundus

07, 608, 743

Graphognathus leucoloma striatus
a5, ie, 607, 608, 604, 713, 714

Grapho; thus peregrinus

Grapholitha molesta (oriental fruit moth)
217, 215, 323, 344, 359, 377, 414, 433,
52, U7, 540, 683, 688, 741

Grapholitha packardi (cherry fruitworm)
226

Grapholitha prunivora (lesser appleworm)
217

Grass bugs
116, 327, 348, 401, 419, 438, 479, 553,
633

Grasshoppers
18, 25, 116, 298, 348, 364, 382, 4ol,
420, 438, G48, 458, 479, 489, 497, 510,
516, 525, 534, 545, 553, 570, 592, 602,
606, 635, 663, 674, 686, 699, 709, 712

Grass thrips

(Anaphothrips obscurus)

Grass webworm
(Herpetogramma licarsisalis)
Great Basin wireworm
(Ctenicera pruinina)
Greater wax moth
(Galleria mellonella)
Greedy scale
(Hemiberlesia rapax)
Greenbug
(Schizaphis graminum)
Green cloverworm
(Plathypena scabra)
Green fruitworm
(Lithophane antennata)
Greenhouse whitefly
(Trialeurodes vaporariorum)
Green June beetle
(Cotinis nitida)
Green peach aphid
(Myzus persicae)
Green scale
(Coccus viridis)
Green shield scale
(Pulvinaria psidii)
Green stink bug
(Acrosternum hilare)
Gretchena bolliana (pecan bud moth)
3TT
Ground beetles
372
Gulf Coast tick )
(Amblyomma maculatum
iGymnocarena diffusa (a tephritid fly)
619
Gynaikothrips ficorum (Cuban laurel thrips)
103, 193, 271, 421, 517, 756
Gypsy moth
(Porthetria dispar)

-10-

H

Haematobia irritans (horn fly)

26, 83, 127, 190, 212, 235, 239, 264,
296, 312, 326, 346, 362, 380, 399, 417,
436, 456, 476, 496, 515, 533, 552, 555,
570, 591, 606, 623, 634, 662, 685, 698,
Tl, 723, THe, 754

Haematoecha rubescens (a reduviid bug)
59

Haematopinus spp.

83, 99, 191, 780 (

Haematopinus eurysternus (shortnosed
cattle Tacs) i, 18, 26, 58, 69, 99,
rasa 127, 163, 191, 212, 236, 239, 246,
780

Haematopinus quadripertusus (cattle tail
Tous 246

Haematopinus suis (hog louse)
33, 45, 69, 99, 111, 191, 246, 75%

Hairy chinch bug
(Blissus leucopterus hirtus)

Halictus rubicundus (a sweat bee)
312

Halisidota argentata (silverspotted tiger
moth) 311

Halisidota tessellaris (pale tussock moth)
251

Hall scale

(Nilotaspis halli)

Halticoptera patellana (a pteromalid
wasp) 101, 734, 756
Halticus bractatus (garden fleahopper)
15
Harlequin bug )
(Murgantia histrionica
Harrisina brillians (western grapeleaf
Skeletonizer) 121, 226, 295, 345, 401,
415, 434, 453, W715, 480, 531, 550, 571,
572, 624, 662, 674, 683, 710, 713, 724
Hawaiian beet webworm
(Hymenia recurvalis)
Hawaiian thrips
(Taeniothrips hawaiiensis)
Hawthorn lace bug
(Corythucha cydoniae)
Hedylepta accepta (sugarcane leafroller)
299
Hedylepta blackburni (coconut leafroller)
102, 129, 237, 365, 572, 608, 725
Heliothis spp.
71-76, 141, 180, 342, 358, 375, 394,
412, 430, 449, 471-472, 490, 511, 526,
546, S47, 566, 587, 603, 617, 631, 659,
671, 682, 695, 708, 721
Heliothis stombleri (Stombler moth)
10
Heliothis virescens (tobacco budworm)
68, 130, 141, 180-181, 254, 256, 309,
319, 323, 342, 343, 358, 372, 375, 394,
408, 412, 426, 430, 444, Kuo, 468, 471-
472, 486, 490, 496, 497, 506, 511, 522,
526, 542, 566, 582, 587, 603, 614, 618,
632, 659, 682, 695, 696, 708, 721.
Light traps: 237, 298, 366, 384, 4o4,
4uo, 461, 482, 501, 518, 537, 556, 573,
595, 609, 626, 637, 666, 676, 689, 701,
715, 726, 735, 745, 758
Heliothis zea (bollworm,corn earworm,
tomato fruitworm) 31, SEH ees 71-76,
101, 130, 133-135, 141, 146, 147, 152,
179, Toe rr 19h, 135, 20, 2
255, 256, 266, 291, 339, 342, 355, 358,
375, 309, 394, 407, 412, hes, 430, 443,
4kQ, 467, 471-472, 485. 490, 505, 511,
521, 526, 541, 547, 561, 566, 581, 587,
599, 602, 603, 613, 617, 618, 629, 630,
631, 632, 655, 659, 660, 665, 669, 670,
671, 672, 679, 682, 633, 695, 696, 700,
705, 708, 714, 719, 721, 729, 731, 739,

T44, 751, 756, 782. Light traps: 164,
192, 213, 237, 266, 298, 315, 329, 351,
366, 384, 40h, 422, 44O, 461, 482, 501,
518, 537, 556, 573, 595, 609, 626, 637,
666, 676, 689, 701, 715, 726, 735, 745,
758, 783

Helix aspersa (brown garden snail)
2

Hellula rogatalis (cabbage webworm)
27, 100, 101, 202, 625

Hemerocampa leucosti
tussock moth) 2

Hemerocampa pseudotsugata (Douglas fir
tussock moth) 272, 568, 622, 673

Hemerocampa vetusta (western tussock moth)
1

(whitemarked

Hemiberlesia lataniae (an armored scale)
TT9
Hemiberlesia quercicola
25, 2
Hemiberlesia rapax (greedy scale)
39T
Hemileuca maia (buck moth)
585
Hemileuca nevadensis (a saturniid moth)
2
Hemileuca oliviae (range caterpillar)
i21, 298, 535, 593, 674, 686
Hemileuca tricolor
750
Hemispherical scale
(Saissetia coffeae)
Herculia intermedialis (a pyralid moth)
10
Hermetia illucens (a soldier fly)
25
Herpetogramma licarsisalis (grass webworm)
19, ie, 101, 266, 350, Wel, 460, 555,
636, 675, 714, 734, 756
Hesperophanes pubescens (a longhorned
Srbestie)is567 ea

Hesperotettix spp. (grasshoppers )
1)

Hesperotettix speciosus
516, 663

Hessian fly
(Mayetiola destructor)
Heterobostrychus aequalis (oriental wood
borer 3

Heterocampa guttivitta (saddled prominent)
275, 281, 454, 514, 605, 662

Heterocampa manteo (variable oakleaf
caterpillar) 273, 275, 281, 590, 605,
622, 634, 673, 698, 710, 722, 732

Heterococcus pulverarius (a mealybug)
308

Heterodera glycines (soybean cyst
nematode) 121, 432, 438, 480, 535, 548,
555, 607, 608, 664, 781

Heterodera lespedezae
10, 32, 33

Heterodera rostochiensis (golden nematode)
33, 116, 51

Heterotermes aureus (a subterranean
termite) 207

Hexacola hexatoma (a pteromalid wasp)

2
,

Hexamervis arvalis (a parasitic nematode)
1

Hibiscus caterpillar
(Anomis flava)

Hickory horned devil
(Citheronia regalis)

ee shuckworm )

Laspeyresia caryana

Hippelates pusio (a chloropid fly)
2

digpaes spp. (lady beetles)
393

Hippodamia convergens (convergent lady
beetle) 45, 164, 182, 191, 205, 213,

236, a2, 255, 265, 297, 313, 326, 347,

363, 381, 399, 418, 457, 468, 478, 515,

953, 592, 699, TOT, 711

Hippodamia parenthesis
255
Hippodamia tredecimpunctata
255, 515
Hippodamia tredecimpunctata tibialis
(eatstestaraocea lady beetle 255
Hister nomas (a histerid beetle)
191
Hog louse

(Haematopinus suis)
Holcencyrtus physokermis (an encyrtid
wasp) 10, 2 rs 176, 496, 500
Hollyhock weevil
(Apion longirostre)
Homadaula anisocentra (mimosa webworm)

26, 269, 283, 45k, 620, 622, 68h,
» TL

Homaledra sabalella (palm leaf
skeletonizer) 269, 719, 781
Homalopoda cristata (an encyrtid wasp)
10, 104 )
Homoeosoma electellum (sunflower moth
184, 472, 512, 60k
Honey bee
(Apis mellifera)
Hop aphid
(Phorodon humali) ‘
Hoplocampa testudinea (European apple
Sawfly) 396, Gib, 433
Horistonotus uhlerii (sand wireworm)
Horn fly
(Haematobia irritans)
Hornia minutipennis (a blister beetle)
USTs}

eee Punctorius (an ichneumon wasp)
254
Horse biting louse
(Bovicola equi)
Horse bot fly
(Gasterophilus intestinalis)
House fly
(Musca domestica)
Hulstia undulatella (sugarbeet crow
borer) 343; 30%
Humococcus caritus (a mealybug)
9
Humped oakworm
(Symmerista canicosta)
Hyadaphis pseudobrassicae (turnip aphid)
32, 202, 709

Hyalopterus pruni (mealy plum aphid)
220, 233

“Hybomitra lasiophthalma (a tabanid fly)
297, 45)

Hybomitra sonomensis
533,

Hydria undulata (a geometrid moth)*
569

Hylemya antiqua (onion maggot)

y 205

HyTemya brassicae (cabbage maggot)
202, 376, ii3, MS) be

Hylemya cerealis (an anthomyiid fly)
ib4, 155

Hylem: lature (seedcorn maggot)
aot 320, 340, 356, 376, 427, 448, 470,
50!

Hylephila phyleeus (a skipper)
10, 70, 85, 1OL, 299, 314, 350, 403,
D1T, 572

Hylobius pales (pales weevil)
10; 276, 122

Hylobius radicis (pine root collar
weevil) 276, 514

Hylotrupes bajulus (oldhouse borer)
26, 212, 250, 591, ae 746

Hylurgopinus rufipes (native elm bark
beetle) 285, 346, 361, 365, 722

Hymenia recurvalis (Hawadian beet
webworm) 21

Hypena strigata (lantana defoliator
caterpillar) 19, 100, 105, 129, 214

Hypera spp. (weevils)
261, 309, 321

* Carried as Calocalpe undulata

sans

Hypera brunneipennis (Egyptian alfalfa
weevil) 3, 23, 67, 109, 171, 210, 232,
261, 309, 341, 374, 778

Hypera meles (clover head weevil)

10, 172

Hypera nigrirostris (lesser clover leaf
weevil) 10, 171, 294, 489

Hypera postica (alfalfa weevil)

10, 31, 43, 57, 67, 70, 81, 97, 109,
125, 128, 161, 164, 165, 166-171, 188,
192, 209, 232, 236, 253, 254, 260, 261,
265, 293, 299, 308-309, 314, 320, 321,
327, 340, 341, 349, 356, 357, 363, 365,
373-374, 385, 391-393, 400, 402, 420,
418, 421, 428-h29, 432, 437, WY6-WNT
448, 457, 460, 470, 478, 481, 489, 496,
499, 509, 512, 52k, 534, 545, 565, 567,
585, 617, 631, 658, 664, 671, 694, 707,
720, THO, IRD see 778 )

Hypera punctata (clover leaf weevil
32, 67, 162, i171, 188, 210, 233, 261,
294, 341, 357, Tho

Hyphantria cunea (fall webworm)

190, 215, 222, 275, 282, 435, 453, 475,
492, 513, 529, 531, 551, 568, 621, 662,
683, 684, 697, 698, 710, 721, 722, 732

Hypoderms spp. (cattle grubs)

3, 58, 68, 69, 83, 99, 163, 235, ehh,
264, 296, 380, 436, 495

Hypederma bovis (northern cattle grub)

» 163, hk, 347, 436, 455, THe, 743

Hypoderma lineatum (common cattle grub)

» 18, 26, 33, 45, 58, 68, 83, lll, 127,
163, 190, 212, 235, 2h, 264, 296, 326,
362, 436, 780

Hyposoter fugitivus (an ichneumon wasp)
659

Hysteroneura setariae (rusty plum aphid)
220, 707

, Leerya purchasi (cottonycushion scale)
» 105, ae » 295, 434, 590, 594, 697,

752, TT
Ichthyura inclusa (poplar tentmaker) .
all, The

Idona minuenda (a leafhopper)
TL, 226
Imported cabbageworm
(Pieris rapae)
Imsorted currantworm
(Nematus ribesii)
Imported fire ant
(Solenops is saevissima richteri)
incisitermes minor (western drywood
termite) 250
Indian meal moth
(Plodia interpunctella)
Introduced pine sawfly
(Diprion similis)
Ips spp. (bark beetles)
25, 273, 276

25 andicollis
9
Ips fae (pine engraver)

Irbisia spp. (grass bugs)
327, 401, 419, 438, 497, 553

Irbisia brachycera
GOL

Irbisia pacifica
116, 327, 345, 401, 419, 457, 458, 479,
Tg7, 516

Iridomyrmex humilis (Argentine ant)
250

Iris borer
(Macronoctua onusta)
Italian pear scale

z (Epidiaspis leperii)

Ithome concolorella (a cosmopterigid moth)

105, 439

Itoplectis conquisitor (an ichneumon
See

Ivy aphid
(Aphis hederae)

Ixodes pacificus (a hardbacked tick)
D1, 347

Ixodes scapularis (blacklegged tick)
29

J

Jack pine budworm
(Choristoneura pinus)
Jack pine sawfly
(Neodiprion pratti banksianae)
Jadera haematoloma (a rhopalid bug)
105
Japanese beetle
(Popillia japonica)

Juniper scale

(Carulaspis juniperi)

Juniper webworm

(Dichomeris marginella)

Kalotermes approxima tus (a drywood
termite) 5

Keiferia lycopersicella (tomato pinworm)
13, 70, 101, 196, 343, 450, 588, 604,
75

Keys striped scorpion
(Centruroides keysi)

Khapra beetle
(Trogoderma granarium)

Kiawe flower looper

(Cosymbia serrulata)

“Kimminsia schwarzi (a brown lacewing)

154, 157
Koa haole looper
(Anacamptodes fragilaria)
Kou leafworm
(Ethmia colonella)

L

Labidura riparia (an earwig)
9, 251, 548, 550

Labops spp. (grass bugs)
Tis, hol, 419, 438, 479, 497
we hesperius
116, 327, 348, 364, 382, 401, kg, 457,

Labops utahensis
553

Lacewings
553

Lachnus salignus (an aphid)
103

Lacinipolia renigera (bristly cutworm)
395

Lacinipolia vicina (a noctuid moth)
201

Lady beetles
313, 347, 381, 399, 418, 437, 456, 478,
496, 515, 553, 592, 686, 711

Lambdina athasaria athasaria (a geometrid
moth) 710

Lambdina pellucidaria (a geometrid moth)
365

Lamenia caliginea (a fulgorid plant-
hopper ) 383, 385

Lampides boeticus (bean butterfly)
750

Languria mozardi (clover stem borer)
88

Lantana defoliator caterpillar
(Hypena strigata)

Lantana gall fly

(Butreta xanthochaeta)
Lantana hispid

(Uroplata girardi)
Lantana lace bug

(Teleonemia scrupulosa)
Lantana leaf beetle

(Octotoma scabripennis)
Lappet moth

(Gastropacha quercifolia)
Larch casebearer

(Coleophora laricella)
larch sawfly

(Pristiphora erichsonii)
larder beetle

(Dermestes lardarius)

Lardoglyphus konoi (an acarid mite)
10.
6; i

Large aspen tortrix
(Choristoneura conflictana)

large mango tip borer
(Bombotelia jocosatrix)

Large turkey louse
(Chelopistes meleagridis)

larger canna leafroller
(Calpodes ethlius)

larger yellow ant
(Acanthomyops interjectus)

Largus cinctus californicus (a largid
bug) 228

Lasioderma serricorne (cigarette beetle)
252, 312, 31

Laspeyresia caryana (hickory shuckworm)
215, 222, 377, 752

Laspeyresia pomonella (codling moth)
216, 222, 310, 323, 344, 359, 396,
Tah, 433, 452, 474, 492, 529, 549, 568,
589, 605, 621, 661, 683, 696, 712, 731,
752

Latheticus oryzae (longheaded flour
beetle) 11

Latrodectus hesperus (a combfooted
spider) 249, 733

—
Latrodectus variolus

515
Leafhoppers
263, 374
Leafminer flies
470, 631, 661
Lecanium corni (European fruit lecanium)
» 453
Lecanium fletcheri (Fletcher scale)
270
Lecanium nigrofasciatum (terrapin scale)
266

Lecanodiaspis prosopidis

(a lecanodiaspidid scale) 732
Leek moth

(Acrolepia assectella)
Lema trilineata (threelined potato

beetle) 237, 266

Lenophsgus curtus (an ichneumon wasp)

Lepidosaphes beckii (purple scale)
24, 44, 82, 96, 162, 189, 262, 311,
360, 378, 434, 453, 530, 550, 589,
621, 661, 721, 731, TH1

Lepidosaphes camelliae (camellia scale)
270

Lepidosaphes gloverii (Glover scale)
2h, Gh, 82, 98, 162, 189, 225, 311,
360, 378, 434, 453, 530, 550, 589, 621,

661, 721, 731, TH
Lepidosaphes pini (an armored scale)
MITOSIS

Lepidosephes ulmi (oystershell scale)
262, 269, 267, 398, 414, 452
Lepidosaphes yanagicola
11
Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado
potato beetle) 1195, 359, 376, 395,
412, 431, 450, 472, VOL, 512, 527, 547,
567, 620

Se,

Leptobyrsa decora (a tingid bug)
3, 536

Leptoconops kerteszi (a hiting midge)
2s, 32

Leptocoris trivittatus (boxelder bug)

127, 251
Leptopterna dolabrata (meadow plant bug)

9, 428, 432, 46, 460
ee ferrugata
‘OT

Lesser appleworm
(Grapholitha prunivora)
Lesser bulb fly
(Eumerus tuberculatus)
Lesser clover leaf weevil

(Hypera nigrirostris)
Lesser cornstalk borer

(Elasmopalpus lignosellus)
Lesser grain bore:

(Rhyzopertha dominica)

Lesser peachtree borer

(Synanthedon pictipes )
Leucopis ocellaris (a chamaemyiid fly)
G51

Light brown apple moth

(Epiphyas postvittana)
Lilac borer

(Podosesia syringae syringae)

Limabean vine borer
(Monoptilota pergratialis)

Limax flavus (tawny garden slug)
ane

Limax maxims (spotted garden slug)
439, GB1

Limonius sp.

4

Limonius californicus (sugarbeet
ree ee) 151, 155, 199, 227, 323,
50

Limonius infuscatus (western field
wireworm) 155, 372

Limothrips denticornis (barley thrips)
153, 155, 391, 585

Linden looper
(Erannis tiliaria)

Lindorus lophanthae (a lady beetle)
85, 103, 193, 365, 594
Linognathus vituli (longnosed cattle
Touse) 69, lll, 127, 212, 2h6
Liogenys macropelma (a scarab
365
Liometopum occidentale (a carpenter ant)
2505 oF ee ENS
Liosomaphis berberidis (an aphid)
ll

Lipoptena mazamae (a louse fly)
fir
Liriomyza spp. (leaf miner flies)
27, 34, 85, 101, 129, 193, 237, 314,
350, 439, 517, 625, 675, 700, 709, Th4
Liriomyza munda (vegetable leafminer)
1

Liris laboriosa (a sphecid wasp)
6; 10.

Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (rice water
ery 151

Listroderes costirostris obliquus
(vegetable weevil) 62, 156, 343, 349

Listronotus oregonensis (carrot weevil)
20.

Litchi fruit moth

(Cryptophlebia ombrodelta)

Lithocolletis caryaefoliella
a leafblotch miner) 661

Lithocolletis tremloidiella (aspen
blotchminer) 49!

Lithophane antennata (green fruitworm)
216, 295

Lithophane laticinerea (a noctuid moth)
216

Lithophane unimoda
216

Little black ant
(Monomorium minimum)
Little carpenterworm
(Prionoxystus robiniae)
Liverfluke snail
(Gaiba viridis)
Locust borer

(Megacyllene robinise)
Locust leafminer

(Xenochalepus dorsalis)
Lodgepole needleminer
(Coleotechnites milleri)
Lonchaea polita (a lonchaeid fly)
11
Lonchaea striatifrons
11
Lone star tick
(Amblyomma americanum)
Longheaded flour beetle
(Latheticus oryzae)
Longitarsus jacobaeae (a flea beetle)
733

ne waterhousei
184, 527

Longnosed cattle louse

(Linognathus vituli)
Longtailed mealybug

(Pseudococcus longis inus)

Lopholeucaspis japonica (an armored
scale) ELOF2 582s:

Loxagrotis albicosta (western bean
cutworm) 120 147, 198, 1 527, 543
Sci S84, 601, BOL, B15, 626, 630, 657,
664, 670, 693

Loxosceles reclusa (brown recluse spider)
11, 15, 58, 53, 212, 2h8, 249, 361,
389s 399, 402, 496, 500, 570, 634, 780,
781

Loxosceles rufescens (a scytodid spider)
ll, 249

Loxostege spp. (webworms)

115, ATT, 547 ( )

Loxostege commixtalis (alfalfa webworm
Late traps: 304, 556, 573, 595, 609,

37

Loxostege rantalis (garden webworm)

58T

Loxostege sticticalis (beet webworm)
183, 204, hi2, 430, 450, 472, hon, 512.
Light traps: 461, 482, 501, 518, 537,
556, 573, 595, 609, 626, 637, 676, 715

Lyctus africanus (a powderpost beetle)

Lyctus planicollis (southern lyctus
beetle 9, 127

Lygus spp.
109, 173, 181, 206, 210, 233, 322, 3l2,
358, 375, 393, 409, 411, 429, 431, 448,
489, 509, 511, 525, 545, 548, 586, 602,
603, 617, 681, 707, 751, 778

Lygus elisus
173, 509, 545, 586

Lygus hesperus
173, 262, 509, 545, 586, 602, 631

Lygus lineolaris (tarnished plant bug)
173, 161, 16k, 188, 198, 220, 228, 29h,
309, 310, 342, 344, 375, 377, MI, 448,
449, 470, 509, 511, 525, 526, 529, 545,
586, 695

Lysiphlebus testaceipes (a braconid)*
26, 34, 793 pals oe 164, 191, 213,
236, 254, 26h, > 592, 623, 707, Thh

* Carried in error as Lyoiphlebius
testaceipes in Vol. 21.

M

Macrocentrus spp. (braconids)

ane

Macrocentrus gifuensis
25h

Macrocentrus grandii
a5

Macrodactylus subspinosus (rose chafer)
69, 363

Macronoctua onusta (iris borer)
Ii, 267, 313, 697

Macrosiphum avenae (English grain
aphid) 17> 43, 57, 67, 136, 154, 232,
293, 308, 320, 356, 372, 391, 9,
488, 565, 585

Macros iphum creelii
357

Macrosiphum a ~ a (potato aphid)
we 2 18h, > 343, 356, 431, 450, 473,
1, 725

Macrosiphum rosae (rose aphid)
35

Macrosteles fascifrons (aster leafhopper)
Bay sae 1 231, 259, 291, 307, 319, 371,
389, 407, 425, 443, 467, 485, 521, 561,
655, 739

Magicicada spp.
286

Magicicada cassini
220

Magicicada septendecim (periodical cicada)
220, 275, abe

Magicicada septendecula
11, 220, 2 306
Maize billbug

(Sphenophorus maidis)

Malacosoma americanum ‘canum (eastern tent
caterpillar , 126, 190, 210, 215,
234, 262, 263, 282, 296, 311, 325, 3uh,
346, 361, 379, 722

Malacosoma californicum (western tent
caterpillar) 379, 446, 531

Malacosoma californicum -

257, 163, 312, 325, 373, 43

Malacosoma californicum pluviale
323

Malacosoma constrictum (Pacific tent
caterpillar) 590

Malacosoma disstria (forest tent
caterpillar), 110, 263, 273, 275, 281,
282, 296, 325, 361, 379, 396, loo, M16,
432, 436, Woh, 514, 722

Malacosome incurvum discoloratum

28257312, 325

Maladera castanea (Asiatic garden beetle)
mn

Manduca spp.

ThT, 44h, 468, 506, 522, 542, 582, 599,
614, 629, 655

Ben uinquemaculata (tomato hornworm)
~ Tay > 506, 522, 542, 562, 599,
600, 61h. Light traps: 329, 422, 440,
461, 482, 501, 518, 537, 556, 573, 595,
so 626, 637, 666, 676, 689, 701, 715,
72

Manduca sexta (tobacco hornworm)

31, 130, 141-142, 372, 426, 468, 486,
506, 522, 52, 562, 562, 599, 629, 619.
Light traps: 404, 4e2, 440, 461, 482,
501, 518, 537, 556, 573, 595, 609, 626,
631, 666, 676, 689, 701, 715, 726, 735,
TH

Mango Plower beetle
(Protaetia fusca)

Mantis religiosa (European mantid)

570
Maple bladdergall mite

(Vasates quadripedes)

=19h—

Maple petiole borer
(Caulocampus acericaulis)

es trumpet See N
Epinotia aceriella

Marasmia trapezalis (a pyralid moth)
5 ae

oe blister beetle
(Epicauta pestifera)

Marginitermes hubbardi (a drywood
termite) 26%

Matsucoccus acalyptus (a margarodid
scale) 397

Mayetiola destructor (Hessian fly)
109, 155, 232, 391, 446, 470, 564, 670,
694, 739, 750

Mayetiola rigidae (willowbeaked gall
midge) 263

McDaniel spider mite
(Tetranychus medanieli)
Meadow plant bug
(Leptopterna dolabrata)
Meadow spittlebug
(Philaenus spumarius )
Mealybugs
98, 311, 360, 378, 434, 453, 530, 550,
590
Mealy plum cena

(Hyalopterus

OSE EE pyraster Beh
52h, 535

Mediterranean flour moth
(Anagasta kuehniella)

Mediterranean fruit fly
(Ceratitis capitate)

Megabombus auricomus (a bumblebee)
534, 553

Megabombus pennsylvanicus
534, 553
Megachile concinna
11, 348, 349
Mee achile rotundata (alfalfa leafcutter
253, 3 348, 363, 400, 478

Megacyllene robiniae (aecuse borer)
“a

Megalopyge opercularis (puss caterpillar)
BT

Megsselia rufipes (a humpbacked fly)
11, 105

sti — ciae (pistachio seed
See

ee aes piaseoli (bean au
19, 27, 59, 70, 85, 101, 105, 112, 109,

439, 608, ars, "a7 73h, 156
Melanaspis aliena (an armored scale)
11, 102

Melanss pi is obscura (obscure scale)
99, 128, 192, 287

Metanordse sp. (a freshwater snail)
780

Melanoplus spp.
178, YB, 479, 489, 509, 516, 545, 571,
592, 602, 722, THO

Melanoplus bivittatus (twostriped
grasshopper) 117, 118, 298, 348, 349,
364, 382, 401, 438, 158, 479, 480, 489,
lgt, 98, 516, 525, 534, 554, 571, 592,
593, 606, 635, 663, 699, 712

Melanoplus coloradus
712

Melanoplus confusus
20, 45

Melanoplus oe (differential
grasshopper) 11 > 348, 364, 382,
438, 458, 479, 718, 91, 53i, 545, 55h,
592, 602, 606, 619, ae 699, 712, Tho

Melanoplus femurrubrum (redlegged
grasshopper) 117, 118, 158, 175, 348
382, 420, 458, “W79, WB0, 497, 510, 525,
534, 545, 553, 554, 571, 592, 602, 606,
635, 663, 699, 712, 740

Melanoplus infantilis
T

Melanoplus lakinus
Ly

Mes occidentalis
3 ?
cma a aos kardii (Packard grasshopper)
> 302 0, 55 i 554, 663

veiaeon i ru stip (Nevada sage
grasshopper

Melanoplus san ing es (migratory
grasshopper , 118, 298, 348, 349,
364, 382, fit ante 489, 498, 516,
534, 553, 554, 570, 571, 592, 606, 635,
663, 686, 712

Melanotus sp. (a wireworm)
pL

Melanotus communis
i151, le, 340, hey

Melastoma borer
(Selea brunella)

Meligethes nigrescens (a sap beetle)

puay
Melipotis indomita (a noctuid moth)
“OT, 101, 103, 112, 328, 383, 403,
ee 499, 5: 531, 3999 625, 636, 125, 756,

ieee Rar rerreanis (filbertworm)
217, 530

Melittia cucurbitae (squash vine borer)
203

Melonworm
(Diaphania hyalinata

neoprene SS ovinus ae) ked)
212, 236, 265, 362, 417

Melormenis antillarum (a flatid bug)
6, 102, 129

Merchant grain beetle
(Oryzaephilus mercator)

Mermiria sp. (a grasshopper )
51

Meromyza americana (wheat stem maggot)
155, 446

Metaphycus portoricensis
See phy canyon toricent ortoricensis

Metaseiulus occidentalis (a phytoseiia
Mite) 222, 304, 327, 348, 381, 419,
457, 475, 570

Metator pardalinus (a grasshopper)

3

Meteorus sp. (a braconid)

2
Meteorus laphygmae
782

Metoponium spp. (darkling beetles)
ak

123
Metriona bicolor (golden tortoise beetle)
20:
Mexican bean beetle
(Epilachna varivestis)
Mexican fruit fly
(Anastrepha ludens)
Microctonus sp. (a@ braconid)
310

Microctonus ae
Il, 128, 166, 254, 348, 400, 478, 743

Microctonus Seah

ate i Se lay ea sf in
crolarinus are mii (a puncturevine
“seed weevil) 5, 252, 255, 347, 712;
714

Microlarinus 1 oe (a puncturevine
“stem weevil 105, 165, 383, 439, 460,
625, 687, We

Migratory grasshopper
(Melanoplus sanguinipes )

Millipeds
251

Mimosa webworm
(Homadaula anisocentra)

Mindarus abietinus (balsam twig aphid)
311, BL

Mirificarma formosella (European clover

leaftier) 157, 428, 432

Mocis spp. (grassworms )
157, 730
Mocis latipes
157, 730
Monarch butterfly
(Danaus plexippus)
Monarthropalpus buxi (boxwood leafminer)
211, 271
Monellia spp.
697
Monellia costalis (blackmargined aphid)
215, 223, 530, 621, 661, 710
Monelliopsis californica

223

Monelliopsis caryae (an aphid)
223

Monelliopsis nigropunctata
223

Monelliopsis tuberculata
223

Monkeypod moth
(Polydesma umbricola)

Monomorium minimum (little black ant)
250

Monomorium viridum peninsulatum
iL

Monoptilota pergratialis (limabean vine
borer) 199

Montandoniola moraguesi (an anthocorid
bug) 103, 193, 517, 756

Monterey pine resin midge
(Cecidomyia resinicoloides)

Mormon cricket
(Anabrus simplex)

Morseiella flaviventris (a grasshopper)
LT

Mosquitoes
83, 191, 212, 235, 239, 243, 264, 312,
347, 362, 380, 398, 417, 437, 455, 477,
495, 515, 532, 552, 569, 591, 623, 634,
663, 674, 685, 698, 711, 732

Mountain pine beetle
(Dendroctonus ponderosae)

Mourningcloak butterfly
(Nymphalis antiopa)

Mulberry whitefly
(Petraleurodes mori)

Murgantia histrionica (harlequin bug)
202

Musca autumnalis (face fly)

33, 192, 239, 240, aki-2he, 254, 264,
312, 36, She, 382, 380; aye, 436,
455, 477, 481, 495, 500, 515, 532, 535,
551, 569, 591, 606, 623, 634, 662, 672,
674, 685, 688, 698, 700, 723, 725
Musca domestica (house fly)
TOk, I11, 235, 242, 243, 312, 362, 478,
532, 533, 552, 591, 69
Musca sorbens (a muscid fly)
10k, 517, 756, GE )
Myzocallis coryli (filbert aphid
33
Myzocallis robiniae
5eT
Myzus cerasi (black cherry aphid)
220, 359, mG 452 )
Myzus persicae (green peach aphid
1T, 19, 2h, 25, 34, 57, 97, 110, 126,
182, 164, 189, 194, 196, 202, 20h, 210,
220, 233, 261, 270, 295, 310, 323, 324,
343, 344, 359, 376, 377, 412, 431, 433,
450, 451, 473, 491, 492, 512, 513, 547,
588, 60h, 619, 721, 752

N

Nabis sp. (a damsel bug)
~ 16h, 256, 297, 327, 399, 686
Nabis alternatus

256, 570

= ih =

Nabis ferus
256
Nantucket pine tip moth
(Rhyacionia frustrana)
Narrow winged katydid
(Elimaea punctifera)
Nasonovia ribisnigri (an aphid)
ii, 102
Native elm bark beetle
(Hylurgopinus rufipes)
Navel orangeworm
(Paramyelois transitella)
Neacoryphus bicrucis (a lygaeid bug)
02, 403, 548, es 567, 572, 687, Ee?
Necrobia rufipes (redlegged ham beetle
699, 781
Nemapogon granella (European grain moth)
11

Nematus abbottii (a sawfly)
567; 569
Nematus ribesii (imported currantworm)
226, 43
Neodiprion spp. (conifer sawflies)
Ae 398, 416, 435, 454, 476, 493, 590,
Neodiprion abietis (balsam fir sawfly)
590

Neodiprion excitans

280, 494, 590
Neodiprion fulviceps
153

Neodiprion lecontei (redheaded pine
sawfly) 25, 279, 454, 493, 532, 551

Neodiprion merkeli (slash pine sawfly)
93

Neodiprion pinetum (white pine sawfly)
722

Neodiprion pratti banksianae (jack pine
sawrly 54, 493, 514, 569

Neodiprion pratti pratti
279, 379, 365, 398, 4o2, 416, 437, 476

Neodiprion sertifer (European pine sawfly)
278, 279, 361, 398, 416, 435, 722

Neodiprion taedae linearis
110, 190, 20) 32h, 379, 398, 416, 432,
435, 454, 460, 476, 722

Neodusmetia sangwani (an encyrtid wasp)
10)

Neolasioptera portulacae (a gall midge)
Neurocolpus nubilus (clouded plant bug)
181

Nevada sage grasshopper
(Melanoplus rugglesi)

Nezara viridula (Gua green stink bug)
70, 103, 178, 206, 215, 220, 224, 226,
365, 375, 460, 488, 555, 572, 625, 695,
TO

Nilotaspis halli (hall scale)

192

Nipaecoccus vastator (a mealybug)
it

Noctuid moths
INT, 166, 174, 322, 374, 408, ke7, Tel;
751

Nomia melanderi (alkali bee)

253
Nomius pygmaeus (stink beetle)
199

Norape ovina (a megalopygid moth)
12, TH2, 743

Northern cattle grub
(Hypoderma bovis)

Northern corn rootworm
(Diabrotica longicornis)

Northern fowl mite

(Ornithonyssus sylviarum)
Northern pine weevil

(Pissodes approximatus )
Norway maple aphid

(Periphyllus lyropictus)
Notoedres douglasi = itch mite)

127, 128

Nuculaspis californica (black pineleat
ea ebiseo

Nygmia phaeorrhoea (browntail moth)
11

Nymphalis antiopa (mourningcloak
butterfly) » 398

Nysius spp.
Tal, 706

Nysius ericae (false chinch bug)
202, 52

1e)

Oak lace bug
(Corythucha arcuata)
Oak leaftier
(Croesia albicomana)
Oak skeletonizer
(Buceulatrix ainsliells)
Obliquebanded leafroller
(Choristoneura rosaceana)
Obscure root weevil

(Sciopithes obscurus)
Obscure scale

(Melanaspis obscura)

Octaspidiotus araucariae (an armored
scale) 16

Octotoma scabripennis (lantana leaf
beetle) 756

Odonaspis penicillata (an armored scale)
211, 213

Odynerus dilectus (a vespid wasp)
254

Oebalus pugnax (rice stink bug)

ald

Oecanthus rileyi (a tree cricket)
126

Oedaleonotus eni (a grasshopper)

7, 265, 420, 479, 498, 534, 553, 554,
570, 592, 663 ( )
Oedaleus abruptus (a grasshopper
105, 165, Ter }
Oedostethus femoralis (a click beetle)
12
Oestrus ovis (sheep bot fly)
~ Buh, U55
Oldhouse borer
(Hylotrupes bajulus)
Oleander aphid
(Aphis nerii)

Oligonychus ilicis (southern red mite)
35

Qligonychus pratensis (Banks grass mite)
ie aa 158, 308, 320, 391, }o9,
> 500, 52h, 544, 564, 584, 601, 616,
62h, 657, 670, 679, 680, 694, 705
Oligonychus stickneyi

Oligonychus a (spruce spider mite)
270, 311, 454, 475, 493, 590

Olive scale
(Parlatoria oleae)

Olla abdominalis (a lady beetle)
347, 107

Omnivorous leaftier
(Cnephasia longana)

Omnivorous looper
(Sabulodes caberata)

Omphisa anastomosalis (sweetpotato vine
borer) 59, 129

Oncideres cingulata (twig girdler)
215, 223, 25, 696

Oncocnemis punctilinea (a noctuid moth)
296

Onion maggot

(Hylemya antiqua)
Onion thrips

(Thrips tabaci)
Ooencyrtus clisiocampae (an encyrtid
Sree hoo

Ooencyrtus guamensis
10.
5 ae

Ooencyrtus kuwanai
118, 699, 712, 733

Opeia obscura (a grasshopper )
eh MoT

Ophiomyia simplex (asparagus miner)
205

hionyssus natricis (a dermanyssid mite)
12, 104

Opisthorchis sinensis (a trematode)
780

Opius spp. (braconids)
19; 27, 70, 101, 112, 608, 687, 734

Opius Sportatus
105, 439, 75
Opius phaseoli
105, 439, 756
Opsius stactogalus (a leafhopper)
b}

Orange tortrix
(Argyrotaenia citrana)
Orangestriped oakworm
(Anisota senatoria)
Orchid weevil
(Orchidophilus, aterrimus )
Orchidophilus aterrimis (orchid weevil)
Ol, 102, 675
Oriental beetle
(Anomala orientalis)
Oriental cockroach
(Blatta orientalis)
Oriental fruit fly
(Dacus dorsalis)
Oriental fruit moth

(Grapholitha molesta)
Oriental wood borer

(Heterobostrychus aequalis)
Orius spp. (flower bugs)
IIT, 256, 707
Orius insidiosus
256, 297, 318, 399, 553
Orius tristicolor
27s “Saal
Ornithodoros concanensis (a softbacked
tick 5

Ornithonyssus spp. (dermanyssid mites)
26

Ornithonyssus bacoti (tropical rat mite)
33

Ornithonyssus bursa (tropical fowl mite)
26, 365

Ornithonyssus sylviarum (northern fowl
mite) 4, 26, 45, 127, 163, 2h9

Orthosia hibisci (a noctuid moth)
216, 3

Orthotylus chlorionis (a plant bug)
286

Oryzaephilus mercator (merchant grain
beetle 5, 252

Oryzaephilus surinamensis (sawtoothed
@rain beetle 991) 252)

Oscinella frit (frit fly) ©
Toyo}

Osmia lignaria (a megachilid bee)
253

Ostrinia nubilalis (European corn borer)
31, 47-54; 97, 125, 128, 142-145, 161,
188, 194, 196, 198, 199, 203, 216, 231,
254, 260, 292, 307, 320, 339, 355, 372,
390, 395, 408, 426, 445, 450, 468-469,
507, 508, 522-523, 527, 535, 542, 543,
557, 563, 567, 583, 600, 608, 614, 630,
659, 669, 672, 680, 682, 688, 693, 696,
700, 705, 709, 719, 721, 729, 739; 743,
749, 777. Light traps: 329, 351, 366,
384, Hoh, 422, 4ho, 461, 482, 501, 518,
537, 556, 573, 595, 609, 626, 637, 666,
676, 689, ee Ee

Otobius megnini (ear tick
326, 347, Ti , ie 754 )

Qulema melanopus (cereal leaf beetle
U's, U5, 254, 298, 313, 327, 348, 363,

oh :

365, 381, 385, 400, ho2, 419, 432, 457,

479, 481, 497, 516, 534, 535, 570, 780
Oulema palustris (a leaf beetle)

12

Oxybelus uniglumis Quadrinotatus
t A

@ sphecid wasp

Oxysarcodexia ochripyga (a sarcophagid
fly) 12
Oystershell scale

(Lepidosaphes ulmi)

Pachysomoides stupidus (an ichneumon
wasp) 12, 10%

Pacific dampwood termite

(Zootermopsis angusticollis)

Pacific spider mite
(Petranychus pacificus)

Pacific tent caterpillar
(Malacosoma constrictum)

Packard grasshopper
(Melanoplus packardii)

Painted lady
(Vanessa cardui)

Paleacrita vernata (spring cankerworm )
190, 216, 23%, 263, 283, 296, 312, 3h6,
361, 379, 385, 417, 155

Palestriped flea beetle
(Systena blanda)

Pales weevil
(Hylobius pales)

Pale tussock moth
(Halisidota tessellaris)

Pale western cutworm
(Agrotis orthogonia)

Palmicultor palmarum (palm mealybug)
03, 53

Palm leaf skeletonizer
(Homaledra sabalella)

Palm mealybug

(Palmicultor palmarum)

Palorus subdepressus (depressed flour
beetle) 12

Panaphis juglandis (an aphid)
620, 621, 710, 714

Pangaeus bilineatus (a burrowing stink
bug) 179, 490, 510

Panonychus citri (citrus red mite)
> 17, 2h, Gh, 57, 82, 98, 162, 189,
22h, 262, 310, 345, 360, 378, 415, 433,
3h, 453, 530, 549, 589, 621, 661, 721,
731, 741, 752, 778

Panonychus ulmi (European red mite)
210, 215, 221, 202, 256, 295, 310, 32h,
344, 360, 377, 378, 396, 415, hse, hry,
492, 513, 549, 568, 605, 673, 683, 697,
710

Pantomorus cervinus (Fuller rose weevil)
10h, 700

Pantomorus taeniatulus
7151620)

Papaipema nebris (stalk borer)
TET 196, 391, 408, he7, 445, 469, or

Papilio xthus (a swallowtail butterfly)
383, 385, 403, 4e1, 499, 572, 594, 665,
675, 700, 714, 7h

Paralobesia liriodendrana (an olethreutid
moth) 779, 761

Paralobesia viteana (grape berry moth)
226, 415, 475, 531, 550, 697

Paramyelois transitella (navel orangeworm)
], 223, 152

Paranapiacaba tricincta (a leaf beetle)
20

203

Parargyractis fulicalis (a pyralid moth)
781

Paratrioza cockerelli (potato psyllid)
140, 468, 186, 5h2

‘

Parlatoria crotonis (an armored scale)
22

Parlatoria olese (olive scale)

"97, 162, 228; 262

Parlatoria pergandii (chaff scale
2h, Wh, 82, 98, 163, 189, 262, 311,
360, 378, 434, 453, 530, 550, 589, 590,
621, 661, 721, Th

Parlatoria zizyphus (black parlatoria
scale 59

Passaloecus ithacae (a sphecid wasp)
12, 10h

Pavement ant
(Letramorium caespitum)

Pea aphid
(Acyrthosiphon pisum)

Peachtree borer
(Sanninoidea exitiosa)

Peach twig borer.
(Anarsia lineatella)

Pea leaf weevil
(Sitona lineatus)

Pear psylla
(Psylla pyricola)

Pear rust mite
(Epitrimerus pyri)
Pearslug
(Caliroa cerasi)
Pea weevil
(Bruchus pisorum)
Pecan bud moth
(Gretchena bolliana)
Pecan leaf casebearer

(Acrobasis juglandis)

Pecan leaf phylloxera
(Phylloxera notabilis)
Pecan nut casebearer
(Acrobasis caryae)
Pecan phylloxera

(Phylloxera devastatrix)

Pecan spittlebug
(Clastoptera achatina)

Pecan weevil
(Curculio caryae) ( )

Pectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm
9, 69, 120, 213, 327, 349, 364, 382,
414, 420, 438, 459, 498, 499, 535, 554,
STL, 607, 624, 635, 664, 674, 686, 699,
713, 724, 733, 743, 755, 781. Light
traps: 298

Pediacus depressus (a flat bark beetle)
12

Pediasia mitabilis (a sod webworm)
70
Pegomya betae (beet leafminer)

205
Pegomya hyoscyami (spinach leafminer)
183, 205, 450, 472, 491, 527, 682
Pegomya rubivora (raspberry cane maggot)
12

Pemphigus monophagus
12, 287

Pemphigus populivenae (sugarbeet root
apbia) 153, 1

Penthaleus major (winter grain mite)
Sh eb = 81, 109, 154, 188, 209,
232, 260, 750, 777

Pepper maggot
(Zonosemata electa)

Pepper weevil

(Anthonomus eugenii)

Peregrinus maidis (corn planthopper )
19, 101, 756

Perezia pyraustae (a protozoan)
1g

Peric cruegeri (a noctuid moth)
298

Peridesmia sp. (a chalcid)
9T

Peridroma saucia (variegated cutworm)
17k, 154, 292, 374, 394, 431, 450, 451,
512, 561, 567, 584, 588, 617, 633, 659,

670, 672, 708. Light traps: 128, 164,
213, 237, 266, 298, 315, 329, 351, 366,
384, 40h, 4e2, 4ho, 461, 482, 501, 518,
537, 556, 573, 595, 609, 626, 637, 666,
ote 689, 701, 715, 726, 735, T45, 758,
783

Perilitus coccinellae (a braconid)
iil, 45

Perillus bioculatus (twospotted stink bug)
at

Periodical cicada

(Magicicada septendecim)
Periphyllus lyropictus (Norway maple
aphid) 207

Periplaneta americana (American cockroach)

250

Periplaneta australasiae (Australian
cockroach) 23

Periplaneta brunnea (brown cockroach)
12

Periplaneta fuliginosa (smokybrown
cockroach) B36, 250, 685

Perkinsiella saccharicida (sugarcane
leafhopper) rou

Petrobia latens (brown wheat mite)
23, 109, 125, 154, 161, 188, 209, 231,
260, 292, 308, 320, 322, 340, 356, 364,
372, 375, 393, we U6 , ibe

Phaenicia cuprina (a blow fly
Tol

Phalonia hospes (banded sunflower moth)
619

Pheidole bicarinata longula (an ant)
12

Phenacaspis cockerelli (an armored scale)
100, 103, 214, 270, 620, 622

Phenacaspis pinifoliae (pine needle scale)
65, 98, 269, 280, 311, 379, 397, 435,
476, 590

Phenacoccus aceris (apple mealybug)
14, G21

Philaenus spumarius (meadow spittlebug)
173, 238, 261, 294, 309, 322, 342, 358,
393, Gil, 430, 448, 470, 475, 481, 510,
525, 671, 681, 695, 730

Phlegetonia delatrix (a noctuid moth)
103, 536, 636

Phlibostroma guadrimaculatum (a grass-
hopper) 438, 498, 663, 699, 712

Phloeotribus dentifrons (a bark beetle)

,
Phloeotribus frontalis
12
Phoebis sennae (a pierid butterfly)
719, TOL ( )
Phormia regina (black blow fly
58

Phorodon humuli (hop aphid)
72, 512

Phorodon menthae
1

Phrydiuchus spilmani (a weevil)
5
Phrydiuchus tau
733, 75
nidia californica (California
cakworm) 234, 264, 551

Phthorimaea operculella (potato tuberworm)
33, 162, 196, TL, 527, 588, 733, 756

Phyllocoptruta oleivora (citrus rust mite)
2h, Gh, 62, 96, 162, 189, 224, 262, 310,
360, 378, 433, 453, 530, 549, 589, 621,
661, 721, 731, 741, 752

Pade hag spp. (white grubs)
269, 308, 706, 750
Phyllophaga anxia

373
Phyllophaga fimbripes

Phyllophaga knochi
12

Phyllotreta pusilla (western black flea
- beetle) BS

ns S

Phylloxera spp.

223, 317
Phylloxera caryaecaulis
95, 500

Phylloxera devastatrix (pecan phylloxera)
377

Phylloxera notabilis (pecan leaf
phylloxera) 223, 360, 377, 396

Phylloxera vitifoliae (grape phylloxera)
710, 722

Physokermes piceae (spruce bud scale)
12, 254, 432, 435, 476, 496, 499

es )
Diaphania nitidalis

Pieris protodice (southern cabbageworm)
202

Pieris rapae (imported cabbageworm)
19, 101, 110, 193, 200, 201, 451, 512,
709, 752

Pikonema alaskensis (yellowheaded spruce
sawfly) 493, 514

Pimpla punicipes (an ichneumon wasp)
320

Pineapple scale
(Diaspis bromeliae)
Pine bark aphid
(Pineus strobi)
Pine colaspis
(Colaspis pini)
Pine engraver
(Ips pini)
Pine leaf chermid
(Pineus pinifoliae)
Pine needleminer
(Exoteleia pinifoliella)
Pine needle scale

(Phenacaspis pinifoliae)

Pine root collar weevil

(Hylobius radicis)
Pine spittlebug

(Aphrophora parallela)

Pine tube moth

(Argyrotaenia pinatubana)

Pine tussock moth
(Dasychira plagiata)

Pineus pini (an adelgid)
T, 102, 112, 421, 517, 548, 555, 572,
625, 636, 734

Pineus pinifoliae (pine leaf chermid)
280, bre

Pineus strobi (pine bark aphid)
21, 311, 742

Pineus sylvestris
12

Pine webworm
(Tetralopha robustella)

Pink bollworm

(Pectinophora gossypiella)
Pinkwinged grasshopper

(Atractomorpha sinensis)
Pinnaspis buxi (an armored scale)
7
Pinnaspis strachani
31

Pinyonia edulicola (a midge)
263, 265
Pissodes sp. (a weevil)

Pissodes affinis

Pissodes alascensis
See P. rotundatus

Pissodes approximatus (northern pine
weevil) 13, 106, 276

Pissodes canadensis

See P. approximatus

Pissodes curriei
See P. affinis

Pissodes dubius
101

Pissodes engelmanni
See P. strobi

Pissodes fraseri
See P. dubius
Pissodes nigrae
See P. rotundatus
Pissodes piperi
See P. dubius
Pissodes rotundatus
10)
Pissodes schwarzi (Yosemite bark weevil)
10
Pissodes similis
10)
Pissodes sitchensis
See P. strobi
Pissodes strobi (Engelmann spruce weevil,
Sitka spruce weevil, white pine weevil)
13, 106, 269, 275, 276, 514
Pissodes utahensis
See P. similis
Pissodes yosemite
See P. schwarzi
Pistachio seed chalcid

(Megastigms pistaciae)
Pitch pine tip moth

(Rhyacionia rigidana)
Planococcus citri (citrus mealybug)
103, 225
Plathypena scabra (green cloverworm)
7, 125, 174, 17T, ao = 294, 322,
510, 588, 602, 658, 670, 672, 720
Platygaster obscuripennis
a platygasterid wasp) 548, 553
‘Platynota idaeusalis (a tortricid moth)
216, 673, 69
Platynota stultana
» 234, 294, 397
Platyptilia carduidactyla (artichoke
plume moth) 20%
Platyptilia pica crataea
269
Platytetranychus thujae (a spider mite)
13

Plautia stali (a stink bug)

102, 687,
Plecia nearctica (a March fly)
pan

Pleocoma dubitalis dubitalis (a rain
beetle) 709

Plodia interpunctella (Indian meal moth)
M5, 251, 252, 253, 363, 418

Plum curculio
(Conotrachelus nenuphar)

Plutella Syloatel ta (clanoeibees moth)
101, 200, 201, 202, 214, 74k, 756, 778

Podabrus pruinosus (a cantharid beetle)
2

pois maculiventris (spined soldier bug)
261, 572 ; ;

Podosesia syringae fraxini (ash borer
361, T10 ( )

Podosesia syringae syringae (lilac borer
26h

Pogonomyrmex salinus (a harvester ant)
13

Polididus armatissims (spiny assassin
bug) 105

Polistes sp. (a vespid wasp)
725

Pollenia rudis (cluster fly)

27, 33, 59, 10k, 246, 350

Polydesma umbricola (monkeypod moth)
101, 103, 112, #8, 499, 625

Popillia japonica (Japanese beetle
me 242, 313, 363, 364, 382, 400, 401,

,» 458, 480, 498, 516, 534, 548, 554,

567, 571, 593, 594, 605, 606, 624, 633,
664, 672, 674

Poplar-and-willow borer

(Cryptorhynchus lapathi)

Poplar tentmaker

(Ichthyura inclusa)

portucte dispar (gypsy moth)
69, 118, UB; Ue ei2 272, 23, 313, 382, 4o2,
420, 138, (0, 4B1, 498, 516, 534, 535,
548, 554, 567, 5 571, 593, 606, 608, 620,
eat, 633, 635, 664, 699, 712, 724, 733,
Potato aphid
(Macrosiphum euphorbiae)
Potato flea beetle
(Epitrix cucumeris)
Potato leafhopper
(Empoasca fabae)
Potato psyllid
(Paratrioza cockerelli)
Potato tuberworm
(Phthorimaea operculella)
Prionoxystus robiniae
little carpenterworm) 284, 416

Pristiphora abbreviata (california
pearslug) 221, 323, 396, 402, 414

Pristiphora erichsonii (arch sawf ly)
280

Prociphilus fraxinifolii (an aphid)
267, 3)

Prociphilus tessellatus (woolly alder
aphid) 325

Prodenia ornithogalli
~ See Spi Spodoptera ornithogalli

Prosapia ae twolined spittlebug)
158; 631, 681, 706, 720

Protaetia ee A(uanico flower beetle)
99

Protalebrella brasiliensis (a leafhopper)
27, 102, 193, 327, 32 328, 756, 757

Proteoteras willingana (boxelder twig
borer) 3

Protopiophila australis (a piophilid fly)
81

Prune leafhopper

(Edwardsiana prunicola)
Pseudaletia un: wenn uncta ( armyworm)

105, 130- 1B, 156, 254, 259, 291, 319,
339, 355, #71 383, 7, 425, 443, 467,
485, 505, 521, 561, 581, 599, 613, 629,
669, 705. Light traps: 5, 19, 60, 70,
128, 164, 192, 213, 237, 266, 298, 315,
329, 351, 366, 384, 404, hee, ko, 461,
482, 501, 518, 537, 556, 573, 595, 609,
626, 637, 666, 676, 689, 701, 715, 726,
135, 745, 758, 783

Pseudsonidia clavigera (an‘armored scale)
270

Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (cotton

fleahopper) 161, 350, ae 526, 587

Pseudaulacaspis pentagona ona (white peach
scale) 4, 220, 270, aan 721

pasidSeneorHinis bifasciatus (a Japanese
weevil 269

Segue comstocki “(Comstock mealybug)

19, 663, 712

Perce longispinus (longtailed
mealybug) 779

Pseudohylesinus spp. (silver fir beetles)

Pseudopityophthorus pruinosus (a bark
beetle) EB 688

Pseudoplusia iceiidens nseypena looper )
= 276, 177, 181, 194, 196, 201, 255,
267

Psila rosae (carrot rust fly)
205

Psilocorsis faginella (an oecophorid moth)
153, T5T

Psilopa leucostoma (an ephydrid fly)
205, 70!

Pegrornors spp. (mosquitoes)
243, 5!

eee ciliata
533
Psorophora confinnis
243, 496, 533, 591
Psoroptes equi (scab mite)
119

me Aly

Psoroptes ovis (sheep scab mite)
58
Psylla icola (pear psylla)
110, e310, 2 25, oe 233, 262, 295,
310, 323, 359, 385, 396, 414, 452, 47h,
lige, 529, 535, 568, 589°
Psylla uncatoides
100, 103, 105, 163, 237, 314, 665
Pterocomma bicolor (an aphid)
» 99
Pteromalus venustus (a pteromalid wasp)
363, 305 ( )
Ptinus clavipes (brown spider beetle
127, 128, 264, 265, 418, 723, 725
Pulex simulans (a flea)
2g
Pulvinaria ericicola (a soft scale)
432, 435
Pulvinaria innumerabilis (cottony maple
scale) 206, 455
Pulvinaria psidii (green shield scale)
460

Puncturevine stem weevil
(Microlarinus lypriformis)
Purplebacked cabbageworm

(Evergestis pallidata)
Purple scale

(Lepidosaphes beckii)

Puss caterpillar

(Megalopyge opercularis)

Putnam scale
(Diaspidiotus ancylus)

Pycnoderes quadrimaculatus (a mirid bug)
599

Pyrobombus bimaculatus (a bumblebee)
534, 553
Pyrobombus impatiens

53%, 553
Pyrobombus vagans
993

Pyrrhelta luteola (elm leaf beetle)
13, 99, 235, 256, 275, 284, 296, 325,
35, 380, 308, 436, 455, 495, 515, 531,
551, 569, 590, 605, 622, 634, 662, 664,
684, 688, 698

Q

Quadraspidiotus juglansregiae (walnut
4 65, 295

Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (San Jose
Scateh 68, 97, 110, 162, 210, 220,

295, 474, 513, 529, TH1

Range caterpillar
(Hemileuca oliviae)
Range crane fly
(Tipula simplex)
Rapid plant bug
(Adelphocoris rapidus)
Raspberry cane maggot
(Pegomya rubivora)
Redbacked cutworm
(Euxoa ochrogaster)
Redbanded leafroller
(Argyrotaenia velutinana)
Redbanded thrips
(Selenothrips rubrocinctus)
Redberry mite
(Acalitus essigi)
Red carpenter ant
(Camponotus ferrugineus )
Red flour beetle
(Tribolium castaneum)

Redheaded pine sawfly

(Neodiprion lecontei)

Redhumped caterpillar
(Schizura concinna)
Redlegged grasshopper
(Melanoplus femurrubrum)
Redlegged ham beetle
(Necrobia rufipes)
Rednecked cane borer
(Agrilus ruficollis)
Rednecked peanutworm
(Stegasta bosqueella)
Reticulitermes spp.
, 191
Reticulitermes flavipes (eastern
subterranean termite) 99, 111, 164,
191, 212, 236, 249, bee
Reticulitermes hesperus (western
subterranean termite) 69, 84, 2h9,
250
Reticulitermes tibialis
250 Wa cei: a
Reticulitermes virginicus
2g

Rhabdophaga salicistriticoides
(a cecidomyiid midge) 553
ae spp.
aie ngul (chi fruit fly)
Rha, pies ci ata (cherry fru y
219, » 452, i 492, 529, 549, 589
miageletis completa (walnut husk fly)
224, » 549, 589, 605, 621, 634, 697,
731; 733, THL

Rha, oletis fausta (black cherry fruit
fly) 219, 452, 474, 492
Rhagoletis indifferens (western cherry

fruit fly) 215, 219, 382, 452, 474,
492, 571

Rhagoletis mendax (blueberry maggot)
227

Rhagoletis pomonella (apple maggot)
217, 474, 492, 549, 589, 633, 673

Rhinacloa forticornis (a plant bug)
103

Rhinocyllus conicus (a weevil)
aut

Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog
tick) 26, 33, 247, 363, 399, 418, 711

Rhipidothrips brunneus (a thrips)
155

Rhizoecus americanus (a root mealybug)
53, 85

Rhizoglyphus sp. (an acarid mite)
731

Rhodesgrass scale
(Antonina graminis)

Rhodobaenus tredecimpunctatus
(cocklebur weevil) 255,

a SPP.

Rhopalosiphum et (apple grain
aphid) 17, 5 ip, 210, 270, 295,

296, 32h, Bit

Rhopalosiphum ae (corn leaf aphid)
3; ee 31, St BI, 97, 109, 135, 136,
154, 161, 187, 209, 259, 291, 307,
319, 339, 355, 371, 390, 407, 4e5, 44h,
467, 485, 505, 515, 521, 541, 561, 581,
599, 614, 629, 669, 675, 705, 734, Th,
T49, 782

Rhopalosiphum nymphaese (waterlily
aphid 5

tea iphum
23, 139, 154, 260, 295, 308, 340, 349,
562, 09h, ar, 781

Rhopobota naevana (blackheaded fireworm)
397

Rhyacionia buoliana (European pine shoot
moth) 13, 263, 269, 275, 276, 296,
324, 361, 379, 385, 397, 416, 454, 712

Rhyacionia bushnelli (an olethreutid
moth)* 269, WO1l, 662, 664, 742, 779,
781

* Also carried as Rhyacionia frustrana
bushnelli.

Rhyacionia frustrana (Nantucket pine tip
Seay 275, 277, 311, 345, 361, 378,
397, 416, 476, 481, 493, 568, 7h2

Rhyacionia frustrana bushnelli
See R. bushnelli

Riygst nia rigidana (pitch pine tip moth)
58,

Rhyncolus spretus (a weevil)
13

Rhytidoporus indentatus
(a cydnid bug

Rhyzopertha dominica (lesser grain
borer) 251, 252

Rice stink bug
(Oebalus pugnax)

Rice water weevil

(Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus)
Rice weevil

(Sitophilus oryzae)

Ringlegged earwig :
(Euborellia annulipes )

Rocky Mountain wood tick
(Dermacentor andersoni)

Rodolia cardinalis (vedalia)
434, 697, 752

Rogas sp. (a braconid)
118, 458
Rose aphid

(Macrosiphum rosae)

Rose chafer
(Macrodactylus subspinosus)
Rose leafhopper
(Edwardsiana rosae)
Rosy apple aphid
(Dysaphis plantaginea)
Roundheaded pine beetle
(Dendroctonus adjunctus)

Rugaspidiotus nebulosus (an armored
scal 293, 299

Rumina decollata (a snail)
~T18, TOL
Rustic borer

(Xylotrechus colonus)
Rusty plum aphid

(Hysteroneura setariae)

Ss

Sabulodes caberata (omnivorous looper)
22
Saddled prominent
(Heterocampa guttivitta)
Sagebrush defoliator
(Aroga websteri)
Saissetia coffeae (hemispherical scale)
270
Saissetia miranda (a soft scal-)
32, 62
Saissetia oleae (black scale)
2h, 82, 98, 163, 189, 225, 262, 310,
360, 378, 434, 453, 530, 550, 621, 661,
675, 721, 731, 741
Saltmarsh caterpillar
(Estigmene acrea)
Sand wireworm
(Horistonotus uhlerii)
San Jose scale
(Quadraspidiotus perniciosus)
Sanninoidea exitiosa (peachtree borer)
1T, 58, 215, 310, 377, 452, Tel
Sanninoidea exitiosa graefi (western
peachtree borer) oT

Sapyga pumila (a sapygid wasp)
253

Saratoga spittlebug

(Aphrophora saratogensis)
Satin moth

(Stilpnotia salicis)
Sawtoothed grain beetle
(Oryzaephilus surinamensis)

Skis

Say stink bug
(Chlorochroa sayi)

Scab mite
(Psoroptes equi)

Scaeva pyrastri (a syrphid fly)
570

Sopphytopius loricatus (a leafhopper)
3

Scapteriscus spp. (mole crickets)
162, 203, 320, 739

Scenopinus adventicius (a scenopinid fly)
99, 500

Sceptrothelys grandiclava (a pteromalid
wasp 99, TOO

Schistocerca americana (American grass-
hopper) i590

Schistocerca obscura
158

Schistocerca vaga (vagrant grasshopper)

~ 105, 266, 439, 665

Schizaphis graminum (greenbug)
3, 17, 23, 26, 31, 43, 57, 67, 81, 97,
109, 125, ee 237-1392 4, 161, 187,
209, 231, 254, 255, 259, 265, 292, 307,
319, 339, 349, 355, 371, 390, 407, 425,
Kuh, 468, 481, 485, 506, 515, 521, 522,
535, 541, 562, 582, 592, 594, 599, 614,
629, 633, 655, 664, 669, 679, 693, 694,
719, 729, 739, T49, TTT

Schizura concinna (redhumped caterpillar)
99 :

Schreckensteinia festaliella

(a heliodinid moth) 46, 782
Sclephilus asperatus (a weevil)
75%, T5T

Sciara garretti (a sciarid fly)
34, 129

Sclcpiticssra:
269

Sciopithes obscurus (obscure root weevil)
531

Scirtothrips citri (citrus thrips)

oh Bost 225, 263, 415, 434, 673, 722

Scolia dubia (a scoliid wasp)
2

Scolytus miltistriatus (smaller European
elm bark beetle) 13, 285, 325, 380,
397, 402, 432, 436, 455, 460, 514, 754,
HG We)

Scolytus rugulosus (shothole borer)
360
Scolytus ventralis (fir engraver)

21h, 212

Scotorythra sp. (a geometrid moth)
665

Screwworm
(Cochliomyia hominivorax)
Scutellista cyanea (a pteromalid wasp)
103, 112
Scutigerella causeyae
13, 57,
Scutigerella immaculata (garden symphylan)
27, 473, 632
Scymnus spp. (lady beetles)
399, 418, 515
Seedcorn beetle

(Agonoderus lecontei)
Seedcorn maggot

(Hylemya platura)

Sehirus cinctus albonotatus (a cydnid
bug) 13

Selca brunella (melastoma borer)

27, 105, 165, 299, 625, 675
Selenothrips rubrocinctus (redbanded
thrips) 19, 725

Semiothisa sp. (a geometrid moth)
59, TO
Semiothisa punctolineata
T15
Semiothisa santaremaria
13, 27, 100, 103, 165, 237, 327, 328,
499, 500, 608, 782

Sepedon sauteri (a sciomyzid Ply)
35, 100, 105, 237

Sequoia pitch moth
(Vespamima sequoiae)

Sericothrips variabilis (a thrips)
200

Sheep bot fly
(Oestrus ovis)
Sheep ked

(Melophagus ovinus)
Sheep scab mite

(Psoroptes ovis)

Shortnosed cattle louse

(Haematopinus eurysternus)
Shothole borer

(Scolytus rugulosus)
sinine Seimilae (asddidoace eater niaea)
13, 733
Sideridis rosea (a noctuid moth)
13
od bituberosa (a carrion beetle)
183, 376, 394
Silverspotted tiger moth
(Halisidota argentata)
Simlium spp. (black flies)
=e 456, 4TT, one
ium jennings
245, 515
Simlium slossonae
239, 245
Simulium venustum
245, 347, 362, 399, 515
Similium vittatum
381
Sipha flava (yellow sugarcane aphid)
31, 152, 356, 508, 512, 52h, 535, 545
Siteroptes reniformis (a pyemotid mite)
13, 101
Sitka spruce weevil
(Pissodes strobi)

Sitona cylindricollis (sweetclover
Sti 165, a 502, 565, 567

Sitona hispidulus (clover root curculio
357, 429

Sitona lineatus (pea leaf weevil)
Eos 343, 352, 359, 376, 395, 402, 527,
5 59

Sitona scissifrons (a weevil)
67, 70

Sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil)
18, 45, 69, 164, 191, 252
Sitotroga cerealella (Angoumois grain
moth) 18. is 252
Sixspotted mite
(Eotetranychus sexmaculatus )
Slash pine sawfly
(Neodiprion merkeli)

Slender seedcorn beetle
(Clivina impressifrons )
Smaller European elm bark beetle
(Scolytus mltistriatus)
See cockroach )
Periplaneta fuliginosa
Solenopotes capillatus (a wrinkled
Se a
Solenopsis geminata (fire ant)
TT
Solenopsis saevissima richteri (imported
fire ant) 34, 45, 46, 54, 99, 128,
164, 165, 192, 213, 236, 364, 385, 593,
594, 755, TST ( )
Solenopsis xyloni (southern fire ant
9, 750
Sorghum midge
(Contarinia sorghicola)

Sorghum webworm

(Celama sorghiella)
Sourbush seed fly

(Acinia picturata)

South African emex weevil
(Apion antiguum)

Southern cabbageworm
(Pieris protodice)
Southern cattle tick
(Boophilus microplus)
Southern chinch bug
(Blissus insularis)
Southern corn rootworm
(Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi)
Southern cornstalk borer
(Diatraea crambidoides)
Southern fire ant
(Solenopsis xyloni)
Southern garden leafhopper
(Bmpoasca solana)
Southern green stink bug
(Nezara viridula)
Southern house mosquito

(Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus )
Southern lyctus beetle

(Lyctus planicollis)
Southern pine beetle

(Dendroctonus frontalis)
Southern potato wireworm

(Conoderus falli)
Southern red mite

(Oligonychus ilicis)

Southwestern corn borer
(Diatraea grandiosella)
Soybean cyst nematode
(Heterodera glycines)
Soybean looper
(Pseudoplusia includens)
Sphenophorus spp- (billbugs)
157, 408
Sphenophorus callosus
i151, » 409
Sphenophorus maidis (maize billbug)
B51, 372, 391, 408, 409, 508
Sphenophorus parvulus (bluegrass
billbug) 157, 509

Sphenophorus phoeniciensis
35373) 545
Sphenophorus venatus
LT

Sphenophorus venatus confluens
1, 35

od venatus vestitus
1

’
Spicaria rileyi (a fungus)
171, 181, 720

Spider mites
2h, 206, 377, 492, 493, 513, 549, 568,
584, 616, 630, 657, 673, 683

Spilonota ocellana (eyespotted bud moth)
359

Spinach leafminer
(Pegomya hyoscyami)

Spined soldier bug
(Podisus maculiventris)

Spiny assassin bug
(Polididus armatissims)

Spirea aphid
(Aphis spiraecola)

Spissistilus festinus (threecornered
alfalfa hopper) 61, 448, 449, 489,
510, 565, 586, 617, 658, 681, 695, 707,
720, 730, 751, 178

Spodoptera exigua (beet armyworm)

13; 345,43, 44) 57, 97, 101, 109, 110,
112, 146, 175, 177, 181, 163, 184, 196,
201, 203, 204, 226, 266, 267, 294, 307,
322, 323, 342, 343, 374, 39%, 411, eo,
430, 471, 489, 511, 526, 545, 566, 587,
588, 602, 617, 632, 681, 687, 700, TO,
751, 756, 782. Light traps: 60, 128,
164, 192, 213, 237, 266, 298, 315, 329,
351, 366, 384, 4ok, hea, bho, 461, 482,
501, 518, 537, 556, 573, 595, 609, 626,
637, 666, 676, 689, 701, 715, 726, 735,
T45, 758, 783

Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
34,7135, 242; The; 153, 156, 175, 255,

= iG} =

307, 309, 339, 488, 507, 52h, 544, 561,
563, 566, 583, 585, 600, 602, 615, 630,
631, 657, 670, 679, 680, 681, 694, 705,
706, 709, 719, 720, 729, 730, 739, 740,
750. Light traps: 315, 351, 384, hee,
461, 482, 501, 518, 537, 556, 573, 595,
ee ee Ste Se Sep 689, 701, 715,
? > 2 2

Spodoptera ornithogalli (yellowstriped
armyworm)* 1h6, 254, 358, 374, 408,
512, 547, 566, 659, 707, 730. Light
traps: 99, 128, 164, 192, 213, 237,
266, 298, 315, 329, 351, 366, 384, hol,
hee, Wo, 461, 482, 501, 518, 537, 556,
573, 595, 609, 626, 637, 666, 676, 689,
TOL, 715, 726, (E>) 745, 758, 783

Spodoptera praefica (western
yellowstriped armyworm) 157, +B, 200,
233, px aay 585, 588, 617, 631, 670,

, ,

Spotted alfalfa aphid
(Therioaphis maculata)

Spotted asparagus beetle
(Crioceris duodecimpunctata)

Spotted cucumber beetle
(Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi)

Spotted cutworm
(Amathes c-nigrum)

Spotted garden slug
(Limax maxims)

Spring cankerworm
(Paleacrita vernata)

Spruce aphid
(Elatobium abietinum)

Spruce beetles
2m.

Spruce beetle
(Dendroctonus rufipennis)

Spruce bud scale
(Physokermes piceae)

Spruce budworm
(Choristoneura fumiferana)

Spruce needleminer
(Taniva slbolineana)

Spruce spider mite

(Oligonychus ununguis)
Squash beetle

(Epilachna borealis)
Squash bug
(Anasa tristis)
Squash vine borer
(Melittia cucurbitae)
Stable fly
(Stomoxys calcitrans)
Stalk borer
(Papaipema nebris)
Stegasta bosqueella (rednecked
peanutworm) 175, 566, 659, 740

szeeopan quercina (an aphid)
T42, T43

Stelidota geminata (a sap beetle)
227, 415

Steneotarsonemis pellidus (cyclamen mite)
Ger

Stenodema spp. (grass bugs)**
TOT

Stephanitis takeyai (a lace bug)
13, 512, 513, 6 » 568, 605, 608, 662,

683, 688, 732, 733, 753, T57

Stephostethus liratus (a scavenger
beetle) 297, 299

Stethorus sp. (a lady beetle)
62k; 673

Stethorus picipes
361, 456, 178, 570

Stibadium spumosum (a noctuid moth)
13

* Also carried as Prodenia ornithogalli
.** Carried in error as Stenoderma spp-

in Volume 21.

Stictoptera subobliqua (a noctuid moth)
31

Stilpnotia salicis (satin moth)
2B 398, 551

Stink beetle

Nomius pygmaeus)

Stombler moth
(Heliothis stombleri)

Stomoxys calcitrans (stable fly)
190, 235, 239, alle, 297, 362, 380, 417,
456, 477, 496, 515, 533, 552, 570, 591,
oes 623, 634, 663, 674, 685, 698, 723,

Strauzia longipennis (sunflower maggot)
0! 19

Strawberry crownminer
(Aristotelia fragariae)

Strawberry crown moth

(Synanthedon bibionipennis )

Strawberry leafroller

(Ancylis comptana fragariae)

Strawberry root weevil
(Brachyrhinus ovatus)
Strawberry spider mite
(Tetranychus turkestani)
Strawberry weevil
(Anthonoms signatus)
Strigoderma arboricola (a scarab)
752
Striped blister beetle
(Epicauta vittata)
Striped cucumber beetle
(Acalymma vittatum)
Striped horse fly
(Tabanus lineola)
Striped mealybug
(Ferrisia virgata)
Sugarbeet crown borer
(Hulstia undulatelle)
Sugarbeet root aphid
ce D)

mphigus populivenae)
Sugarbeet root maggot

(Tetanops myopaeformis)
Sugarbeet wireworm

(Limonius californicus)
Sugarcane beetle

(Euetheola rugiceps)
Sugarcane borer

(Dietraea saccharalis)
Sugarcane leafhopper

(Perkinsiella saccharicida)
Sugarcane leafroller

(Hedylepta accepta)
Sunflower maggot

(Strauzia longipennis)
Sunflower moth
(Homoeosoma electellum)

Supella longipalpa (brownbanded cockroach)
" 5, 5h, 85, 250

Superb plant bug

(Adelphocoris superbus)
Sweetclover aphid

(Therioaphis riehmi)
Sweetclover root borer
(Walshia miscecolorella)
Sweetclover weevil
(Sitona cylindricollis)
Sweetpotato flea beetle
(Chaetocnema confinis)
Sweetpotato hornworm
(Agrius cingulatus)
Sweetpotato leafminer
(Bedellia orchilella)
Sweetpotato vine borer
(Omphisa anastomosalis)
Sweetpotato weevil

(Cylas formicarius ele ntulus )
S: erista albifrons (a notodontid moth)
ZBL

Symmerista canicosta
273, 201, 435, 45h, 476, 49h, 514, 531,
551, 602

Synanthedon bibionipennis (strawberry
) 226

crown moth) 226
Synanthedon pictipes (lesser peachtree
borer) 215, 216, 310, 41k, 433
Synanthedon tipuliformis (currant borer)
189, 226
Syrbula admirabilis (a grasshopper)
263

Syrphus opinator (a syrphid fly)
570

Systena blanda (palestriped flea beetle)
174

T

Tabanid flies
245, 456, 477, 496, 533, 570, 606
Tabanus spp. (tabanid flies)
265, 496, 533, 570
Tabanus americanus
5
Tabanus atratus (black horse fly)
725, 156
Tabanus cymatophorus
732, 733
Tabanus lineola (striped horse fly)
2)
Tabanus punctifer
533
Tabanus sulcifrons
5

Tachinaephagus zealandicus (an encyrtid
wasp) Tak

Tachypterellus quadrigibbus (apple
curculio) 217

Taeniothrips hawaiiensis (Hawaiian
thrips) 101, 102, 266, 365

Taeniothrips simplex (gladiolus thrips)
271

Taniva albolineana (spruce needleminer)

219, 3

Tarnished plant bug
(Lygus lineolaris)

Taro leafhopper

(Tarophagus proserpina)
Tarophagus ina (taro leafhopper)

phagus prose
59, 102, 536

Tawny garden slug
(Limax flavus)
Tea scale
(Fiorinia theae)
Teleonemia scrupulosa (lantana lace bug)
19
Telsimia nitida (a lady beetle)
3h 85, 103, 193, 266, 328, 365, 594,
71
Tempyra biguttula (a lygaeid bug)
512
Tenebroides mauritanicus (cadelle)
723
Tephritis subpura (a tephritid fly)
13

Terrapin scale

(Lecanium nigrofasciatum)

Tetanops os (sugarbeet root
maggot) 183, 188, 192, 323, 327, 343,
359, 376, 395, 412, 430, 44g, re, ol,
511, 526, 547 F )

Tethida cordigera (blackheaded ash sawfly
395

Tetraleurodes mori (miberry whitefly)
126

Tetralopha asperatella (a pyralid moth)
153, T5T

Tetralopha militella
153, T5T

Tetralopha robustella (pine webworm)
2Tr

Tetramorium caespitum (pavement ant)

127

=oOR

Tetranychus spp-
cee 176, 179, 181, 198, 206, 549, 621,
3

Tetranychus canadensis (fourspotted
spider mite) 13

Tetranychus cinnabarinus (carmine spider
mite) 27, 85, 100, 102, 129, 237, 314,
345, 365, 415, 528, 555, 700

Tetranychus medanieli (McDaniel spider
mite) 201, 202, 221, 295, 32h, 327,
ree 377, 385, 419, 456, 549, 570, 621,
73

Tetranychus pacificus (Pacific spider
aitey 17

Tetranychus tumidus (tumid spider mite)
10l, 421, 714, 725

Tetranychus turkestani (strawberry
spider mite) 178, 343, 413

Tetranychus urticae (twospotted spider
a) 32, 52, 110, 126, is 176, 178,
119, 181, 194, 198, 200, 20h, 210, 215,
221, 222, 22h, 227, 270, 323, 324, 435,
456, 457, 492, 513, 529, 546, 548, 549,
564, 568, 584, 586, 604, 616, 619, 621,
671, 680, 683

Tetrastichus incertus (a eulophid wasp)
166, 169, 254, 505, 620, 62h, 663, 664

Tetrastichus julis
254, Goo, 457, 497

Texas citrus mite
(Eutetranychus banksi)

Texas leafcutting ant
(Atta texana)

Theba pisana (white garden snail)
33, = TmEae

Therioaphis maculata (spott alfalfa
aphid) 3, 23, 31, 43, 57, 67, 81, 9T,
109, 130, 140-141, 161, 187, 209, 231,
259, 292, 307, 319, 339, 355, 372, 390,
408, 426, 444, 562, 582, 614, 656, 664,
669, 679, 693, 705, 719, T49, TTT, 781

Therioaphis riehmi (sweetclover aphid)
545, 54, 565, 567, 658, 66%

a trifolii (yellow clover aphid)
393, 402

Thermacarus nevadensis (a thermacarid
mite) 249

Thermobia domestica (firebrat)
191

Thirteenspotted lady beetle

(Hippodamia tredecimpunctata tibialis)
Threecornered alfalfa hopper

(Spissistilus festinus)
Threelined potato beetle
(Lema trilineata)
Thrips
178, 322, 375, 394, 471, 740
Thrips tabaci (onion thrips)
ree 193, 205, 460, 528, 588, 604, 709,
ThO

Thurberiphaga diffusa (a noctuid moth)

59
Thyante rugulosa (a stink bug)
1

ELS ephemeraeformis (bagworm)
58, 110, 190, 211, 267, 268, 345, 397,
415, 454, 475, 513, 722
Tinocallis caryaefoliae (black pecan aphid)
215, 223, 530, 697, 710
uipate vernalis (a tiphiid wasp)
10

Tipula paludosa (European crane fly)
116, 213, T19, 624, 663, 674, 686, 743,
755

Tipula simplex (range crane fly)
BL, 43, 81, 260
Tobacco budworm

(Heliothis virescens)
Tobacco flea beetle

(Epitrix hirtipennis)
Tobacco hornworm

(Manduca sexta)

Tobacco moth
(Ephestia elutella)
Tobacco thrips
(Frankliniella fusca)
Tobacco wireworm
(Conoderus vespertinus)
Tomato fruitworm
(Heliothis zea)
Tomato hornworm
(Manduca quinquemaculata)
Tomato pinworm
(Keiferia lycopersicella)
Tomato russet mite
(Aculops lycopersici)
Toumeyella liriodendri (tuliptree scale)
HBO, 712, 714, 755, 781
Toxoptera citricida (brown citrus aphid)
3

Trachyphloeus bifoveolatus (a weevil)
Ty

wa kiowa (a grasshopper)
118, 699

Transverse lady beetle
(Coccinella transversoguttata)

Trialeurodes abutilonea Coenen
whitefly) 71l, 720, 751, 757

Trialeurodes vaporariorum (greenhouse
whitefly) 27, 65, 102, 110, 112, 193,
ab 200, 237, 263, 270, 271, 314, 350,
363, 439, 700, 723, 744, 753, 779

Triatoma sanguisuga (bloodsucking
conenose

Tribolium audax (American black flour
beetle) 7, 253

Tribolium brevicornis (a darkling beetle)
Ty

Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle)

_ 252, 100

Tribolium confusum (confused flour beetle)
252, 180

Trichogramma spp. (minute egg parasites)
314; 375, 394, 675, 680, 700, 714, 7h

Trichogramma minutum
25h

Trichomalus statutus (a pteromalid wasp)
00, 402

Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
5T, 101, 140, 175, 177, 181, 182, 194,
195, 200, 201, 203, 204, 267, 322, 323,
358, 527, 545, 587, 603, 60k, 613, 620,
632, 633, 658, 660, 697, 708, 709, 729,
741, 751. Light traps: 192, 315, 329,
351, 366, 384, 404, 4eo, 4ko, 461, 482,
501, 518, 537, 556, 573, 595, 609, 626,
637, 666, 676, 689, 701, 715, 726, 735,
745, 758, 783

Trichopoda spp. (tachina flies)
103

Trichopoda oe
365, 572, 625
Trichopoda pennipes var. pilipes
0, 555

Trimerotropis llidipennis
ta grasshopper) 1
Trioxys pallidus (a braconid)
712
Trioza sp. (a psyllid)
782
Trioza tripunctata
M5
Trissolcus sp. (a scelionid wasp)
21
,
Trogoderma glabrum (a dermestid beetle)
ia

Trogoderma granarium (khapra beetle)

Trogoderma variabile
if, 6, 10h, 191, 252

Tropical fowl mite
(Ornithonyssus bursa)

Tropical horse tick
(Anocentor nitens)
Tropical rat mite

(Ornithonyssus bacoti)

Tropidosteptes amoenus joenus (ash plant bug)
as

Tropidosteptes illitus

312

Tropidosteptes pacificus
325

Trox suberosus (a scarab)
Th, 105

Tuber flea beetle
(Epitrix tuberis)

Tulip bulb aphid
(Dysaphis tulipae)

Tuliptree scale
(Toumeyella liriodendri)

Tumid spider mite
(Tetranychus tumidus )

Turnip aphid
(Hyadaphis pseudobrassicae)

Twicestabbed lady beetle
(Chilocorus stigma)

Twig girdler
(Oncideres cingulata)
Twig pruner

(Elaphidionoides villosus)
Twolined spittlebug

(Prosapia bicincta)
Twomarked treehopper
(Enchenopa binotata)
Twospotted lady beetle
(Adalia bipunctata)
Twospotted spider mite
(Tetranychus urticae)
Twospotted stink bug
(Perillus bioculatus)
Twostriped grasshopper
(Melanoplus bivittatus)
Typhlocyba pomaria (white apple
leafhopper) 220, 377, 549, 709
Typhlodroms spp. Den (ehytoseiaal mites)
377, 513

ee fallacis
256, 549 )
ia jacobaeae (a cinnabar moth
Turis Jacobacse (

Tytthus mundulus (cane leafhopper egg

sucker) 102, 214

Uae rofundalis (false celery leaftier)
» 020, T5L
see miteeene (a trichogrammatid wasp)

734
Uglynest caterpillar
(Archips cerasivoranus)
Unaspis citri (an armored scale)
2, Wi, 57, 82, 98, 163, 189, 210, 22h,
» 234, 262, 311, 324, 327, 360, 36,
iat, 453, 530, 550, 590, 621, 661, 721,
731, TAL
Unaspis euonymi (euonymus scale)
0

Undulambia polystichalis (a pyralid moth)
269
Uranotaenia sapphirina (a mosquito)

Uro} irardi (lantana hispid)
53 536
Vv

Vagrant grasshopper
(Schistocerca vaga)

Vanduzea segmentata (a treehopper)
687

- 21-

Vanessa cardui (painted lady)
527

Variable oakleaf caterpillar
(Heterocampa manteo)

Variegated cutworm
(Peridroma saucia)

oe fates quadripedes (maple bladdergall
mite) 495, 500

Vedalia
(Rodolia cardinalis)
Vegetable leafminer
(Liriomyza munda)
Vegetable weevil
(Listroderes costirostris obliquus )
Velvetbean caterpillar

(Anticarsia gemmatalis)
ASE jo a gpmene (giant hornet)
Vespat ene (Sequoia pitch moth)

Vespula spp. (vespid wasps)
711
Vespula maculata (baldfaced hornet)
2h6, TLL
Vespula maculifrons
eho, 711
Vespula pensylvanica
347
Vetch bruchid
(Bruchus brachialis)
Vexans mosquito
(Aedes vexans nocturnus )
Virginiacreeper leafhopper
(Erythroneura ziczac)
Vitacea po. olistiformis (grape root borer)
227

Ww

Walkingstick
(Diapheromera femorata)
Walnut aphid

(Chromaphis juglandicola)
Walnut caterpillar

(Datana integerrima)
Walnut husk fly

(Rhagoletis completa)
Walnut scale
(Quadraspidiotus juglansregiae)
Walshia miscecolorella (sweetclover root
borer) L
Waterlily aphid
(Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae)
Western bean cutworm
(Loxagrotis albicosta)
Western black flea beetle
(Phyllotreta pusilla)
Western blackheaded budworm
(Acleris gloverana)
Western cherry fruit fly
(Rhagoletis indifferens)
Western corn rootworm
(Diabrotica virgifera)
Western drywood termite
(Incisitermes minor)
Western field wireworm
(Limonius infuscatus)

Western flower thrips
(Frankliniella occidentalis)
Western grape leaf skeletonizer

(Harrisina brillians)
Western peachtree borer

(Sanninoidea exitiosa graefi)
Western pine beetle

(Dendroctonus brevicomis )
Western spotted cucumber beetle

(Diabrotica undecimpunctata
w cimpun }

Western spruce budworm
(Choristoneura occidentalis)

Western subterranean termite
(Reticulitermes hesperus )

Western tent caterpillar
(Malacosoma californicum)

Western tussock moth

(Hemerocampa vetusta)
Western yellowstriped armyworm

(Spodoptera praefica)

West Indian sugarcane root borer
(Diaprepes abbreviatus )

Wheat curl mite
(Eriophyes tulipae)

Wheat head armyworm
(Faronta diffusa)

Wheat stem maggot
(Meromyza americana)

Wheat stem sawfly
(Cephus cinctus)

White apple leafhopper
(fyphlocyba pomaria)

White cutworm
(Euxoa scandens)

Whiteflies
24, 4h, 82, 98, 262, 311, 360, 378,
434, 453, 530, 550, 590, 621, 632, 661,
722, THO, 741

White garden snail
(Theba pisana)

Whitemarked tussock moth

(Hemerocampa leucostigma)
White peach scale

(Pseudaulacaspis pentagona)
White pine sawfly

(Cinara strobi)
White pine sawfly

(Neodiprion pinetum)
White pine weevil

(Pissodes strobi)
Willowbeaked gall midge

(Mayetiola rigidae)
Winter grain mite

(Penthaleus major)
Winter tick
(Dermacentor albipictus)
Wireworms
142, 151-152, 183, 356, 409, 412, 427
Woolly alder aphid
(Prociphilus tessellatus)
Woolly apple aphid

(Eriosoma lanigerum)
Woolly whitefly
(Aleurothrixis floccosus)

Xx

Xanthopii unctata (an ichneumon
Saal = = ae

a dorsalis (locust leafminer)
286, 63

Xiphydria maculata (a xiphydriid wasp)
14

Xyalophora quinquelineata (a figitid
wasp) 25h

x ees Ee a (an ambrosia
beetle)

Xylomyges curialis enerits (a noctuid moth)
37

Be dolosa

Xylosandrus oa (a bark beetle)
10h, 285, 5 999) , 665, 782

xX lOeeechus are (rustic borer)
Ti

Y

Yellow clover aphid
(Therioaphis trifolii)
Yellowheaded spruce sawfly
(Pikonema alaskensis)

Yellow jackets
he
Yellownecked caterpillar
(Datana ministra)
Yellow scale
(Aonidiella citrina)
Yellowstriped armyworm
(Spodoptera ornithogalli)
Yellow sugarcane aphid
(Sipha flava)
Yosemite bark weevil
(Pissodes schwarzi)
Yuma spider mite

(Eotetranychus yumensis )

Z

Zebra caterpillar
(Ceramica picta)

Zeiraphera vancouverana (an olethreutid
moth) 14, 279

Zimmerman pine moth
(Dioryctria zimmermani)

Zonosemata electa (pepper maggot)
195, 7

Zootermopsis angusticollis (Pacific
dampwood termite 5, 191, 250, 780

ath

ion

sities

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AITHSONIAN INSTITUTION ~NOILNLILSNI_ NVINOSHLINS S3 1YVYaIT LIBRARI ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUT

tl ete aage ae i =] Pye a as ae Ce ue PE fo} wa = AAS 7%

3) eee > Me ys = We Ss = Ns Eee we 2 Be ws) = Gy

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n UY m ONDE no uns wy Tain» m Ts G m
= o = re n = <4

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NVINOSHLINS SJIUYV

Zz oe n on
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Mae zi 2 OS 2 OS : : 3
y z 2 Ue 2NR 2 2 Zo
= 2 E \. = Z = Z
= S a . a Soe | a 2
=
JES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILOLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S31YVHEIT_ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN _ 1
a z z x Zz =
WwW ud S oe WwW uu
: a : BN “ =| oe
<3; = < a WS < 2 <3 a
: 5 : =e Na : : :
mS 5 aS e ete ee
SNITNVINOSHLINS S3IYVYSIT. LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI_NVINOSHLIWS _ S
i: z See S = ae
2 \ = a = Ses ae @ =
x \ = x E $l, ® = rs =
= SS: 2 © OL E = E
= WRT os Lev se Mee Mien Moe — a
ae 5 2 5 Z f Z
IES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S31yvudIT_LIBRARIES | I
g oe aeee Se aah as z
= = \ =; z = Zhai = Zz
\ 2 S Wi 8 2 5 NWA:
SN 6 se AW , ro) = WN OC 3c
Y 2 = WW 2. 2 E NO'z :
ae SSS = = = Ws =
na pate 7p)
SNI_NVINOSHLINS S3IUVYGIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI_ ‘
a i 2 ff Zz iw a ws
n = ) <= n eat a =
5 “I = = cc 2S 0 = We
Sy . <x a . :
= Xx WS S o S a = SNS ce
a >N a 5) mM - ross aI ro) > 2
z ae Bj Z = = a Zz ‘ is)
[ES_ SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI_NVINOSHLIWS Saluvudi1 LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN |
e = Laas 2 z w a8
2 = S) = ) ow S 40
> ay 5 ee Ss a = a
= > (= iF = > = ¥ >
- 2 E a = Z a S
eZ He 2 m Z B Z o
ISNI_NVINOSHLINS, SaluVud IT u1 BRARIES C INSTITUTION | NOILOLILSNI_ NVINOSHLINS
< = pS RS 2) a s =
ak = ‘z WS 5 z WN 5S z 5
[o) ac 5 (@) NSy : ae Oo NO \ ag oO ae,
E Z 2 & EN 8 2 g
ee 2 E MO 2 = . 2 = 5
a 2 a zZ a = ae a 2
ry oO a
F1ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI_NVINOSHLIWS SaluVu alt LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN _
/p) = — n — =
= Le o uw & = & : .o
Lowe ff = oc = fa z= wc. =
aff = < a x = at =
ax Gi Cc o Sc ow (= oe Cc
= ji S = fe) Yes S = / Ss
ll 4d z 2 —) eel
ISNI-NVINOSHLINS S3IYVUGIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI_NVINOSHLIWS _
i 3S = 2 : ie S Kae Z
ow — ow — ow =— wo =
wa l= eo] i eo] kz ee) =
= = z F ies = 2 =
= Ee a = 2 = 2 =
Ys BN: Zz m 2 oy Z e oe =
) zZ al z z z
RIES) SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI_ NVINOSHLINS, SA1uvuai7 [LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN _
= =. % z < ae = =
=) Zz x =] = = Ay, = < z
2 NS 2 = 2 ee NS 2 E
ST > > = “Ss > =
Sy oa Oe = = a See SE i

SHLINS S3JIYVYSIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI_ NVINOSHLIWS —

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBRARIES

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